gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Edge-based image coarsening (2009)

This article presents a new dimensionally-reduced linear image space that allows a number of recent image manipulation techniques to be performed efficiently and robustly. The basis vectors spanning this space are constructed from a scale-adaptive image decomposition, based on kernels of the bilateral filter. Each of these vectors locally binds together pixels in smooth regions and leaves pixels across edges independent. Despite the drastic reduction in the number of degrees of freedom, this representation can be used to perform a number of recent gradient-based tonemapping techniques. In addition to reducing computation time, this space can prevent the bleeding artifacts which are common to Poisson-based integration methods. In addition, we show that this reduced representation is useful for energy-minimization methods in achieving efficient processing and providing better matrix conditioning at a minimal quality sacrifice.
Remifentanil Requirements During Propofol Administration to Block the Somatic Response to Skin Incision in Children and Adults (2006)

These results demonstrate that, similar to sevoflurane anesthesia, during total IV anesthesia with propofol, children require a remifentanil IR almost twofold higher than adults to block the somatic response to skin incision.
Skeletal Muscle Ventricles: Another Alternative for Heart Failure (1996)

Although still experimental, SMVs may have the potential of becoming a viable alternative for the future treatment of patients with end-stage heart failure and with infants with certain congenital anomalies.
Sodium Chlorite as an Efficient Oxidant and Hydroxy Ion Pump in Osmium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Dihydroxylation (2004)

Sodium chlorite is an efficient stoichiometric oxidant in Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation. One sodium chlorite provides the reaction with the stoichiometric number of electrons and hydroxide ions needed to dihydroxylate two olefins without the consumption of any additional base. 100% conversion in sodium chlorite asymmetric dihydroxylation of styrene was achieved twice as fast as in the established Sharpless K(3)[Fe(CN)(6)] dihydroxylation. Even internal olefins were dihydroxylated fast with sodium chlorite without hydrolysis aids. Eight olefins were dihydroxylated to corresponding vicinal diols with yields and ees as good as those reported in the literature for other similar processes.
Distribution and Characterization of <i>Rice yellow mottle virus</i>: A Threat to African Farmers (2005)

International audience
Cellular Multilayer Perceptron for Prediction of Voltages in a Power System (2009)

With the increase in renewable energy sources connected to the power grid, better identification tools are needed for power system voltage profile prediction. Current deregulation trends have led to voltages operating close to stability limits which increases the need for quick estimation tools for system security and contingency analysis. This paper presents a cellular multilayer perceptron (CMLP) architecture for fast identification and prediction of bus voltages. The CMLP method is compared with a standard MLP neural network for bus voltage prediction on the 12-bus three-area test power system. CMLPs can represent a direct mapping of any power system simplifying the equations and allowing for easy scalability to large power systems.
A novel mutation of the RP1 gene (Lys778ter) associated with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (2002)

The Lys778ter mutation localises inside the critical region harbouring all mutations described so far. The ophthalmic findings support previous observations that variation of disease expression appears as a typical feature of the RP1 phenotype.
A Prospective Study of Cigarette Smoking and Risk of Colorectal Adenoma and Colorectal Cancer in U.S. Men (1994)

Our results highlight the need to intensify efforts to prevent smoking, especially among the young, and suggest a reduced threshold for screening for colorectal cancer among long-term smokers.
Monolithic V-band high-electron mobility transistor downconverter component development for satellite communication links (1993)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Knightian self uncertainty in the vcg mechanism for unrestricted combinatorial auctions (2014)

We study the social welfare performance of the VCG mechanism in the well-known and challenging model of self uncertainty initially put forward by Frank H. Knight and later formalized by Truman F. Bewley. Namely, the only information that each player i has about his own true valuation consists of a set of distributions, from one of which i's valuation has been drawn.
Speaker normalization of static and dynamic vowel spectral features (1991)

Two methods are described for speaker normalizing vowel spectral features: one is a multivariable linear transformation of the features and the other is a polynomial warping of the frequency scale. Both normalization algorithms minimize the mean-square error between the transformed data of each speaker and vowel target values obtained from a "typical speaker." These normalization techniques were evaluated both for formants and a form of cepstral coefficients (DCTCs) as spectral parameters, for both static and dynamic features, and with and without fundamental frequency (F0) as an additional feature. The normalizations were tested with a series of automatic classification experiments for vowels. For all conditions, automatic vowel classification rates increased for speaker-normalized data compared to rates obtained for nonnormalized parameters. Typical classification rates for vowel test data for nonnormalized and normalized features respectively are as follows: static formants--69%/79%; formant trajectories--76%/84%; static DCTCs 75%/84%; DCTC trajectories--84%/91%. The linear transformation methods increased the classification rates slightly more than the polynomial frequency warping. The addition of F0 improved the automatic recognition results for nonnormalized vowel spectral features as much as 5.8%. However, the addition of F0 to speaker-normalized spectral features resulted in much smaller increases in automatic recognition rates.
Effects of rumen fill on short-term ingestive behavior and circulating concentrations of ghrelin, insulin, and glucose of dairy cows foraging vegetative micro-swards (2009)

The objective of this study was to investigate changes in foraging behavior, hunger-related hormones, and metabolites of dairy cows in response to short-term variations in rumen fill (RF). The effect of RF on intake rate, jaw movements, bite rate and dimensions, and concentrations of plasma ghrelin, and serum insulin and glucose were measured in 4 rumen-cannulated lactating dairy cows (612 +/- 68 kg, empty live weight; 237 +/- 29 d in milk) foraging micro-swards of vegetative orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). The treatments compared were the removal of different proportions of total rumen contents: 1.00 (RF0), 0.66 (RF33), 0.33 (RF66), or 0 (RF100). Treatments were randomly applied 2 h before foraging sessions in a 4 x 4 Latin square design. Micro-swards were weighed before and after foraging sessions. Cows were allowed to take a maximum of 15 bites with no time restriction. Eating time, intake rate, total jaw movements, and bite mass, depth, area, and rate were determined. Plasma was analyzed for ghrelin and serum for insulin and glucose immediately before and 2 h after the treatments were applied. Intake rate, bite mass, and bite area increased, whereas bite depth decreased as RF decreased. The RF did not affect bite rate or total jaw movements. Decreasing RF resulted in increased plasma concentrations of ghrelin and tended to increase serum insulin, with reduced concentrations of serum glucose. Incremental variation in plasma ghrelin and serum insulin correlated with bite depth and mass, whereas changes in serum glucose correlated with intake rate, bite area, depth and mass, as well as with herbage intake per jaw movement. The present study elucidates some of the underlying endocrine physiology of cattle with short-term temporal variations of RF and their effects on some components of foraging behavior.
Singlet Exciplexes between a Thioxanthone Derivative and Substituted Aromatic Quenchers: Role of the Resonance Integral (2005)

Fluorescence quenching of a thioxanthone derivative by methyl- and methoxy-substituted benzenes (MeB and MeOB, respectively) is performed in solvents of different polarity. Emissive exciplexes are observed even in polar solvents and provide kinetic and spectroscopic data over a large scale of solvent polarity. These data were subsequently analyzed by use of a new theoretical model that leads to a thermodynamic relationship between exciplex and electron-transfer driving forces Delta G(exc) and Delta G(et), respectively. The remarkable agreement found between this model and both kinetic and spectroscopic data supports its validity. Moreover, the difference observed between MeB and MeOB compounds in quenching efficiency is analyzed by this model and provides the main parameters governing exciplex features, especially the resonance integral between locally excited and charge-transfer states.
Effect of modulation of the hostile tumor microenvironment through adoptive transfer of IL-12 expressing MUC-16 targeted T cells on ovarian tumors in vivo. (2012)

2586 Background: T cells may be genetically modified to recognize tumor associated antigens (TAAs) through the introduction of genes encoding artificial T cell receptors termed chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). MUC16 (CA125) is an antigen over-expressed on ovarian carcinomas and a serum marker for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. We have previously demonstrated enhanced antitumor efficacy of CAR + T cells further modified to secrete IL-12. We therefore tested whether MUC-16 targeted T cells further modified to express IL-12 would exhibit an enhanced antitumor efficacy in a syngeneic immunocompetent tumor model of ovarian cancer. Methods: We have constructed SFG retroviral vectors encoding the second (4H11m28mz) generation CARs as well as IL-12 modified CAR (4H11m28mz/mIL12) targeted to the retained extra-cellular domain of MUC16, termed MUC-CD. We demonstrated an antitumor efficacy of these T cells in a syngeneic tumor model using the C57BL6 (B6) mice intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with ID8(MUC-CD) tumor cells. Results: In our studies treatment of mice bearing established ID8(MUC-CD) ovarian tumor with MUC-CD specific T cells expressing IL-12 gene, in contrast to T cells targeted to MUC-CD alone, fully eradicate highly advanced intraperitoneal ovarian tumors. Significantly, we found that mice treated with 4H11m28mz/mIL12 T cells had increased number of modified T cells in the peritoneum at day 4 and 7 with increased recruitment of endogenous T cells to the site of the tumor when compared to controls and mice treated with 4H11m28mz T cells. The observed antitumor effect did not required prior lymphodepletion and was well tolerated in treated mice. Conclusions: CAR modified T cells targeted to the MUC-16 antigen efficiently eradicate orthotopic ovarian cancer in syngeneic immunocompetent mice with markedly enhanced antitumor efficacy seen in those mice treated with CAR + T cells further modified to secrete IL-12. These data support future clinical trials utilizing adoptive T cell therapy in patients with relapsed ovarian cancer.
Time-critical low-thrust orbit transfer optimization (1992)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
Overtone spectroscopy of the hydroxyl stretch vibration in hydroxylamine (NH2OH) (1995)

We present photoacoustic spectra of the second (3νOH), third (4νOH), and fourth (5νOH) overtone bands of the hydroxyl stretch vibration in hydroxylamine. Asymmetric rotor simulations of the rovibrational contours provide rotational constants and an estimate of the homogeneous linewidth. The fourth overtone band appears anomalously broad relative to the two lower bands, reflecting a sharp increase in the rate of intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution (IVR). By contrast, the calculated density of states increases smoothly with energy. The homogeneous linewidth of the fourth overtone transition is similar to that measured by Luo et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 93, 9194 (1990)] for the predissociative sixth overtone band, supporting the conclusion that the broadening arises from increased (ro)vibrational coupling at an energy between the third and fourth overtone states.
ITO-on-top organic light-emitting devices: a correlated study of opto-electronic and structural characteristics (2003)

This paper reports on a complementary investigation of the structural and opto-electronic characteristics of top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The key point of such a procedure is the deposition of the indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent top electrode onto the organic films structure. This was achieved by RF sputtering under soft enough conditions so as to avoid any deterioration of the underlying organic layers (room temperature deposition, low plasma power density and minimal bombardment effect) as much as possible. The electrical and optical properties of ITO as a function of the deposition conditions are described first. Hall effect measurements show that ITO films can be grown at room temperature with a high mobility (40 cm2 V−1 s−1) and a carrier density exceeding 5 × 1020 cm−3. The surface roughness as a function of the plasma conditions was determined by AFM and can be as low as 1.2 nm. Hole only silicon/Al/poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK)/poly(3,4)ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT)/sputtered ITO diodes were processed and characterized both structurally (high resolution TEM in cross section) and electrically. An excellent agreement between the interfacial ITO/PEDOT structure and the hole injection performance was evidenced. Glass/ITO/PEDOT/PVK/Alq/BCP/ITO top-emitting OLED were processed and characterized.
Adsorption and Self-Assembly of Alkanethiols on GaAs (001) Surface (2006)

Adsorption of alkanethiols on GaAs (001) surface under low coverage and high-coverage conditions was studied using density functional calculations in a periodic supercell approach. The thiolate adsorption site and tilt angle are dictated by the high directionality and covalent character of S-As bond. Calculated sulfur-surface binding energies are found to be significantly different for Ga-rich and As-rich surfaces and stronger than that of thiols on gold and copper surfaces. However the desorption of thiol requires much less energy in the presence of hydrogen on the surface
Effects of film history on gas transport in a fluorinated aromatic polyimide (1988)

Abstract The effects of film formation procedures on transport properties are reported for a rigid‐chained, fluorinated, aromatic polyimide. Residual dimethylacetamide (DMAC) solvent present in films formed under certain casting protocols produces complexities in the permeation behavior of helium and carbon dioxide. Specifically, helium permeabilities are lower, while those of carbon dioxide are higher, in a film containing 8 wt% residual DMAC than in an annealed film containing < 1 wt% DMAC. Significant differences in transport properties are also observed between films prepared using two different casting techniques. These differences appear to be due to differences in organization of chain segments within films. The results of this study emphasize the considerable care needed in formation and postformation processing of these materials to ensure optimum flux/selectivity properties in such applications.
SLE - Update Ethiopathogenesis Leading to Biological Therapy (2017)

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, autoimmune disorder which may have even fatal consequences, particularly if it affects vital organs of the human body. It is typically manifested by inflammation of various organ systems. The course of the disease includes sporadic flare-ups, or relapses, which may lead to irreversible damage of the organs. The focus is on the suppression of clinical symptoms, inhibition of the formation of autoantibodies induce remission, preventing relapse and irreversible organ damage while maintaining the best possible quality of life for the patient. The traditional treatment of SLE include corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine A, in severe forms are widely used in addition to azathioprine and high doses of immunoglobulins. In recent years, intensive research into the pathogenesis of SLE appeared other potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Detecting functional groups of Arabidopsis mutants by metabolic profiling and evaluation of pleiotropic responses (2011)

Metabolic profiles and fingerprints of Arabidopsis thaliana plants with various defects in plastidic sugar metabolism or photosynthesis were analyzed to elucidate if the genetic mutations can be traced by comparing their metabolic status. Using a platform of chromatographic and spectrometric tools data from untargeted full MS scans as well as from selected metabolites including major carbohydrates, phosphorylated intermediates, carboxylates, free amino acids, major antioxidants, and plastidic pigments were evaluated. Our key observations are that by multivariate statistical analysis each mutant can be separated by a unique metabolic signature. Closely related mutants come close. Thus metabolic profiles of sugar mutants are different but more similar than those of photosynthesis mutants. All mutants show pleiotropic responses mirrored in their metabolic status. These pleiotropic responses are typical and can be used for separating and grouping of the mutants. Our findings show that metabolite fingerprints can be taken to classify mutants and hence may be used to sort genes into functional groups.
L-Tryptophan Suppresses Rise in Blood Glucose and Preserves Insulin Secretion in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats (2012)

Ample evidence indicates that a high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet increases glucose energy expenditure and is beneficial in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study was designed to investigate the effects of L-tryptophan in T2DM. Blood glucose was measured by the glucose dehydrogenase assay and serum insulin was measured with ELISA in both normal and hereditary T2DM rats after oral glucose administration with or without L-D-tryptophan and tryptamine. The effect of tryptophan on glucose absorption was examined in the small intestine of rats using the everted-sac method. Glucose incorporation in adipocytes was assayed with [(3)H]-2-deoxy-D-glucose using a liquid scintillation counter. Indirect computer-regulated respiratory gas-assay calorimetry was applied to assay energy expenditure in rats. L-Tryptophan suppressed both serum glucose and insulin levels after oral glucose administration and inhibited glucose absorption from the intestine. Tryptamine, but not L-tryptophan, enhanced insulin-stimulated [(3)H]-glucose incorporation into differentiated adipocytes. L-Tryptophan increased glucose-associated energy expenditure in rats in vivo. L-Tryptophan-rich chow consumed from a young age preserved the secretion of insulin and delayed the progression of T2DM in hereditary diabetic rats. The results suggested that L-tryptophan suppresses the elevation of blood glucose and lessens the burden associated with insulin secretion from β-cells.
The Predominant Cultivable Flora of Carious Plaque and Carious Dentine (1973)

The quantitative recovery of bacteria from single localized sites, namely the interproximal plaque over a carious lesion and the underlying carious dentine, was undertaken. The samples were collected with minimal oxygen exposure and after dispersion and serial dilution were plated on mitis salivarius agar and various formulations of MM10 agar (a dilute trypticase, yeast extract medium). Higher total counts, Strep, mutans and Strep, sanguis counts were obtained on MM10 supplemented with 5% sucrose. Strep, mutans accounted for 3% of the plaque isolates and 24% of the dentinal isolates. Lactobacillus casei was a prominent organism averaging about 21% of the dentinal isolates.
Real-Time Measurements of Ultrafast Spontaneous Modulation Instability in Optical Fiber (2019)

International audience
INTELLIGENT VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES. CHAPTER 4. VEHICLE OPTICAL SENSOR (2001)

The technology for three vehicle-installed optical sensor models (laser radar, ground speed sensor and ground view sensor (GVS) that detect the road environment is described. Information is also given on vehicle sensors for electronic toll collection (ETC) systems such as the compact vehicle sensor and the optical axle counting sensor. For the covering abstract see ITRD E109878.
ChemInform Abstract: NMR‐UNTERSUCHUNG VON ALPHA‐AMINO‐BETA‐HYDROXYSAEUREN UND IHREN AETHERN (1972)

Abstract Mit Hilfe ihrer NMR‐Spektren lassen sich die threo‐ und erythro‐Formen von β‐Hydroxy‐Ieucin, Threonin und β‐Phenyl‐serin sowie ihren N,N‐Dimethyl‐Derivaten und Methyläthern unterscheiden; daraus wird die relative Konfiguration von Lasiodin B abgeleitet.
Contrasting Prevalence of Delta Hepatitis Markers in Parenteral Drug Abusers with and without AIDS (1990)

Parenteral drug abusers are the second largest group at risk for developing AIDS (25% of US cases) and a major risk group for infection with both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the HBV-dependent RNA hepatitis delta virus (HDV). This study was conducted to determine the prevalence in 1984-1985 and relationships of HDV and HBV infections in 372 unselected parenteral drug abusers without AIDS or symptoms related to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection (but 49% of whom were positive for HIV-1 antibodies) and in 53 drug abusers hospitalized with AIDS. The prevalence of HDV markers in the combined study groups was 20%; 81% of study subjects with hepatitis B surface antigenemia (HBsAg) had one marker for HDV infection. Significant differences were found between patients with and without AIDS with respect to the prevalence of hepatitis delta antigen (5.7% vs. 0.8%, P less than .05) and antibody (0 vs. 21.4%, P less than .01) and HBsAg (15.1% vs. 5.1%, P less than .05). The significantly higher prevalence of hepatitis delta antigen and HBsAg in subjects with AIDS suggests that persistence or reactivation of these viruses is significantly greater among parenteral drug abusers with AIDS than among those without AIDS. These findings, along with the absence of hepatitis delta antibodies in the drug abusers with AIDS, are probably related to the profound general immunosuppression that occurs in AIDS.
Interleukin‐1β Induces Cyclooxygenase‐2 in Cultured Human Decidual Cells (1995)

Taken together, the data suggest that COX-2 mRNA expression is largely responsible for the robust increase in PG formation seen in IL-1 beta-treated decidual cells.
Prediction Functions for Categorical Panel Data (1995)

Prediction of categorical responses in panel studies is considered. Prediction functions based on general conditional $\log$-linear models are investigated for statistical properties both from a population perspective and a sampling perspective. Problems such as existence and uniqueness of optimal prediction functions are addressed, and basic properties of measures of prediction quality are examined. Estimation, consistency and asymptotic normality are studied for the proposed parameter estimates and measures of prediction quality.