gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fever, feeding, and grooming behavior around peak clinical signs in bovine respiratory disease1 (2016)

Feedlot cattle are monitored for the sickness response, both physiological and behavioral, to detect bovine respiratory disease (BRD), but this method can be inaccurate. Diagnostic accuracy may improve if the BRD sickness response is better understood. We hypothesized that steers around peak BRD would have fever, anorexia, and less grooming than controls. We also expected sickness response magnitude to be greater as clinical and pathological severity increased. Unvaccinated steers were assigned to challenge with 1 of 5 BRD viruses or bacteria (BRD challenge; = 4/pathogen; 20 total), based on susceptibility as determined by serology. Body weight-matched vaccinated animals were given sterile media (Control; = 4/pathogen; 20 total) and housed by treatment (5 pens/treatment). Rectal temperature was logged every 5 min between 0100 and 0700 h, and time spent feeding (24 h/d), in contact with a brush (13 h/d), and self-licking (24 h/d) were collected from video recordings. Steers were examined and a clinical score (CS) was assigned daily. Bovine respiratory disease challenge steers were euthanized after 5 to 15 d (timing was pathogen specific) and the proportion of grossly affected lung (%LUNG) was recorded. The day of highest CS (peak; d 0) for each BRD challenge steer and the 2 preceding days were analyzed for all variables except self-licking (d 0 only); analogous days were included for Controls. Penwise mixed models (pen was the experimental unit) were used to determine which sickness response elements differed between treatments before and at peak disease, and regression using individual-steer data was used to describe relationships between disease severity ( = 35 for CS and = 20 for %LUNG) and fever, anorexia, and grooming. Bovine respiratory disease challenge steers had fever (1.1°C higher; < 0.01) and anorexia (35% lower feeding time; = 0.03) but did not differ from healthy Controls for brush contact ( = 0.37) or self-licking ( = 0.15). Higher CS and more %LUNG were associated with increased fever (d 0; ≤ 0.04) and lower feeding (d 0; < 0.01), brush contact (d 0; ≤ 0.03), and self-licking ( ≤ 0.05) duration relative to lower CS and less %LUNG. In conclusion, fever and feeding time are good BRD diagnostic measures around peak CS. Further study is needed to clarify why grooming was not a good measure. The sickness response is greater as BRD severity increases; fever is most closely related to CS and anorexia is most closely related to %LUNG. Regardless of which aspect is monitored, cattle with milder disease may be more difficult to detect than sicker animals.
END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE (ESRD) AFTER ORTHOTOPIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (OLTX) USING CALCINEURIN-BASED IMMUNOTHERAPY1 (2001)

Patients who are more than 10 years post-OLTX have CRF and ESRD at a high rate. The development of ESRD decreases survival, particularly in those patients treated with dialysis only. Patients who develop ESRD have a higher preoperative and 1-year serum creatinine and are more likely to have hepatorenal syndrome. However, an increase of serum creatinine at various times postoperatively is more predictive of the development of CRF or ESRD. New strategies for long-term immunosuppression may be needed to decrease this complication.
Mutations in the p53 Gene in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Correlate with Poor Prognosis (2002)

Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products exert an inhibitory influence on cell cycle progression, can lead to neoplastic transformation. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the frequency of p53 gene mutations ranges from 4 to 15% in populations from USA and Europe. In an attempt to investigate the frequency of point mutations in the p53 gene in AML Brazilian patients, DNA samples of 35 patients were studied using PCR-SSCP techniques, screening exons 4-10. Mutations were identified in bone marrow DNA in 5 of the 35 AML patients (14.3%), a frequency similar to those reported for Northern American and European populations. The overall survival of patients with mutations in the p53 gene was significantly shorter than for patients without mutations.
Cyclooxygenase Inhibition: What Should We Do to Resolve the Confusion? An American Perspective (2006)

Recent placebo-controlled clinical trials suggest excessive adverse cardiovascular (CV) events associated with cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), developed to reduce gastrointestinal irritation associated with nonselective NSAIDs. Subsequent retrospective analyses of observational series and non-CV clinical trials suggest that CV events may occur with modest excess with all NSAIDs, nonselective and COX-2 selective, compared with nonuse of these drugs, may be dose related, and do not differ substantially in frequency among various NSAIDs. However, inadequacy of study designs, controls, and events has precluded definition of the risk-benefit relationship of COX-2 selective and nonselective NSAIDs. Resolution of this problem requires several different types of studies, necessarily including appropriately designed randomized, controlled trials comparing commonly employed nonselective and COX-2 selective NSAIDs in patients expected to benefit (ie, those with symptomatically severe arthritis) who also have coronary occlusive disease so that achievable noninferiority trial size has power sufficient to resolve relatively small differences in adverse CV (and gastrointestinal) event rates. This article explores the goals and possible designs of trials appropriate for defining risk-benefit relationship that must be known for optimal application of NSAID therapy.
Understanding the Genetic Basis of Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Infection (1999)

Genetic factors have long been suspected of determining susceptibility and resistance to mycobacterial infection. The recent identification of families with a unique susceptibility to mycobacterial infection, and the identification of mutations in the genes for either the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) receptor or the interleukin (IL)-12 receptor as the cause of the defect, has provided an important clue to the pathways critical for resistance to mycobacterial infection in humans. Although the genetically determined absence of key cytokines or their receptors results in susceptibility to lethal mycobacterial infections in early childhood, it is likely that more subtle mutations that result in only partial dysfunction of macrophage upregulation pathways may play a role in susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy in the general population.
Vitamin D receptor in IMR‐90 human fibroblasts and antiproliferative effect of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1997)

This study examines the effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], serum or forskolin on the proliferation of IMR-90 fetal lung fibroblasts and demonstrates, for the first time, the presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor (VDR) in this cell line. In quiescent, subconfluent cultures neither the treatment with 100 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 nor that with 50 microM forskolin influenced proliferation, while a significant increase was observed after incubation of the cells with 10% fetal bovine serum. Either cell number, determined on growing IMR-90 human fibroblasts after 48 or 72 h incubation with 100 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 or [3H]thymidine incorporation (24, 48 or 72 h incubation) significantly decreased, while protein content per cell increased. Northern blot analysis revealed the expression of the VDR gene, the VDR mRNA bands being prominent in 1,25(OH)2D3, serum or forskolin treated fibroblasts. VDR mRNA levels slightly decreased, when growing fibroblasts were exposed to 100 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 for 48 or 72 h.
Dexterity measure of upper limb exoskeleton robot with improved redundancy (2013)

Exoskeleton manipulators are used for different applications in robotic field. Human motion is highly complicated and flexible; therefore obtain human like motion from exoskeleton manipulator becomes a challenge to researches in this field. This paper presents an improvement of dexterity measure as a result of adding redundancy to upper limb exoskeleton manipulator. Proposed manipulator has four degree of freedom. This takes the effect of DOF at human elbow and wrist of the upper limb. Dexterity of the manipulator is measured using manipulability index and minimum singular value. All measures are based on Jacobian of the manipulator. This four DOF manipulator is then modified by adding two more degrees of freedom to make total of six. Therefore with respect to task defined in operational space; modified exoskeleton manipulator operates as redundant. Manipulability index and minimum singular value are again determined for six degree of freedom modified exoskeleton manipulator. The effect of redundancy in order to improve the manipulation in upper limb exoskeleton robot is investigated in this study.
Marchenko Imaging of Volve Field, North Sea (2015)

Summary Marchenko redatuming estimates the full response (including internal multiples) from a virtual source inside of an medium, using only reflection measurements at the Earth’s surface and a smooth estimate of the velocity model. As such, it forms a new way to obtain full field propagators to form images of target zones in the subsurface by means of Marchenko imaging, without necessarily have to create detailed models of overburden structure. One of the main obstacles to the application of such novel techniques to field datasets is the set of requirements of the reflection response: it should be wideband, acquired with wide aperture, densely sampled arrays of co-located sources and receivers, and should have undergone removal of direct waves, source and receiver ghosts and free-surface multiples. We use a wave-equation approach to jointly redatum, demultiple, and source designature to transform data recorded using ocean-bottom acquisition systems into a suitable proxy of the reflection response required by the Marchenko scheme. We briefly review the Marchenko redatuming scheme, and present the first encouraging field results of 2D target-oriented imaging of an ocean-bottom cable dataset, acquired over the Volve field. We further discuss the ‘challenge of convergence’ of the Marchenko redatuming scheme for real data.
Improved source corrected analysis of speech by glottal endpoint preconditioning (1989)

An improved method of source corrected analysis of speech is presented, based on preconditioning of the initial glottal endpoint estimates. We show why the existing algorithm sometimes fails to converge and how this may be avoided by modifying the initial endpoint estimates so that they lie between their true positions.
Immunogenicity and safety of H1<scp>N</scp>1 influenza hemagglutinin protein expressed in a baculovirus system (2013)

Although most influenza vaccines are produced in eggs, new types of vaccines must be developed. In this study, the immunogenicity and safety of a baculovirus-expressed hemagglutinin (HA) of H1N1 influenza virus (Korea/01/2009; designated "HA-Bac-K") was compared with those of a commercially available baculovirus-expressed HA (designated "HA-Bac-C") and an Escherichia coli-expressed HA (designated "HA-E. Coli-K"). HA-Bac-K succeeded in inducing hemagglutination inhibition and neutralization antibodies in mouse and ferret models. The different immunogenicities observed may be attributable to the different expression systems and purification protocols used. Our work suggests that HA expressed in a baculovirus system is an effective and safe candidate influenza vaccine.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress in Discovery of Small‐Molecule Modulators of Protein—Protein Interactions via Fragment Screening (2015)

Abstract Review: [56 refs.
Heat transfer from square pin-fin heat sinks using air impingement cooling (2002)

Experimental and numerical results are presented for heat transfer from a C4 mounted organic land grid array (OLGA) thermal test chip cooled by air impingement. Five heat sink geometries were investigated for Reynolds numbers ranging from 9,000 to 26,000. The dimensionless nozzle-to-heat sink vertical spacing z/D was varied between 2 and 12. In this study, we investigate the interactions between heat sink geometry, flow conditions and nozzle setting and how they affect the convective heat transfer and overall cooling of the test chip as measured by total thermal resistance /spl theta//sub ja/. Optimizing fin arrays by minimizing the overall heat sink thermal resistance instead of focusing solely on maximizing the heat transfer from the fins is shown to be a better design criterion. We also provide results that show cooling performance gains can be obtained by inserting a deflector plate above the heat sink.
An Estimate on the Effects of Triplet Magnet Misalignments in RHIC (1995)

This report summarizes the estimates on the effects and corrections needed for the triplet magnet misalignments.
Treatment options and time course for intramedullary spinal cord metastasis Report of three cases and review of the literature (1998)

Surgical treatment of intrameduallary spinal cord metastases (ISCM) has become increasingly effective in recent years. The advent of new imaging techniques combined with an enhanced understanding of the natural history of these tumors has improved the effectiveness of the available treatment options. The authors present three new cases of ISCM successfully treated with surgery. A review of 129 cases found in the literature is also discussed. Characteristic symptomology and presentation are reviewed with an eye toward improving diagnostic methodology. The natural history of ISCM is divided into three phases. Surgical intervention should be used early in phase 2.
Polymerization of Allene Derivatives and Their Application to Reactive Polymers. (1992)

累積した二つの二重結合をもつアレン類の重合で得られるポリマーは, 二重結合をもつ反応性ポリマーとして期待される. 本稿ではアレン誘導体のラジカル重合, 双生イオンを経由する重合,二官能性アレンとジチオールとのラジカル重付加を取りあげ,新規重合方法としての可能性をさぐる.
The Aruri Case in Retrospect (1990)

Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Edward A. Stern, David Salzmann, Aaron D. Krumbein, Edward Witten, Richard Wilson, Malcolm H. Levitt, Howard D. Greyber; The Aruri Case in Retrospect. Physics Today 1 September 1990; 43 (9): 134–137. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2810707 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentPhysics Today Search Advanced Search
A Role for TIMP-1 in Breast Cancer Progression (2004)

Abstract : In order to assess the role of TIMP-1 in breast cancer development, we created several MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines which overexpress TIMP-1 as well as MDA-MB-231 cells which underexpress TIMP-1 using shRNA. Compared to vector control cells, MCF-7 TIMP-1(+), MDA-MB-231 TIMP-1(+) cells and MDA-MB-231 (-) cells displayed no change in proliferation, and these cells did not demonstrate activation of the p38, ERK, AKT or FAK signaling pathways. Additionally, exogenously supplied TIMP-1 did not activate these signaling pathways in either MCF-7 or MCF10A cells, contrary to published reports. Also, TIMP-1 overexpression inhibited MCF-7 motility in modified Boyden Chamber assays, whereas no differences in invasion were observed in MDA-MB-231 (-) cells compared to vector controls. In vivo xenograft studies in SCID/bg mice revealed that TIMP-1 was able to stimulate tumorigenesis of MCF-7 cells, potentially by stimulating angiogenesis as noted by the increase in CD34 positive blood vessels. No differences in tumor growth were observed with MDA-MB-231 TIMP-1 shRNA cells compared to control cells. Finally, Affymetrix array analysis revealed that TIMP-1 overexpression did have an effect on gene expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells.
Induction of sporozoite‐specific memory cells in mice immunized with a recombinant <i>Plasmodium vivax</i> circumsporozoite protein (1987)

A recombinant Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite (CS) protein (rPvCS-1) has been investigated as a possible malaria sporozoite vaccine candidate. Experiments were carried out to determine whether sporozoite-specific memory cells develop in Swiss Webster mice immunized with rPvCS-1. Challenge of rPvCS-1-immunized mice with P. vivax sporozoites resulted in a 100-fold increase in the mean serum anti-sporozoite antibody titer. The presence of parasite-specific T helper cells was demonstrated using an in vitro assay. Anti-CS antibodies were detected in the culture supernatants of spleen cells of rPvCS-1-immunized mice following in vitro challenge with P. vivax sporozoite extract. Immune spleen cells depleted of T cells did not produce antibodies when challenged with sporozoite extract in vitro. In conclusion, immunization of mice with the rPvCS-1 protein induced memory T cells which recognized native CS antigen and functioned as T helper cells in the production of anti-sporozoite antibodies both in vivo and in vitro.
Tight Junction Expression Reflects Changes in Intestinal Permeability in the Developing Mouse Intestine (2010)

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease of preterm infants. Immature intestinal barrier function has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Tight junctions (TJ), comprised of transmembrane Claudins which seal the paracellular space, are a vital component of the intestinal barrier and its regulation of intestinal permeability. However, little is known about how TJ development in the immature intestine influences changes in intestinal permeability. We screened mRNA expression of 29 TJ proteins by qRT‐PCR in the ileum of developing mice over the first 8 weeks of life. Selective TJ proteins were further analyzed by immunoblot analysis and localized by immunofluorescence labeling/confocal microscopy (IF). Temporal changes in expression were correlated with FITC‐dextran intestinal permeability assays. Most TJ proteins demonstrated decreased expression over time. However, Claudin‐3 and Claudin‐7 expression peaked at 3 weeks. IF demonstrated appropriate localization of Claudins in TJ after 3 weeks. Over the same period, intestinal permeability decreased. Changes in Claudin expression likely drive changes in intestinal permeability by tightening the paracellular space. Further studies are needed to elucidate what factors influence temporal changes in TJ expression and intestinal permeability and how they may affect predisposition to NEC.
The Relationship of Antiphospholipid Antibodies to Thromboembolic Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional Study (1991)

In order to determine whether an association exists between antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) and thromboembolic events in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we performed a cross-sectional study of consecutive unselected SLE patients. The occurrence of previous thromboembolic events was determined by investigators blinded to the APLA status of the patients by critical review of objective tests that had been performed at the time of symptomatic presentation and by performing venous Doppler ultrasound of the legs to elicit venous reflux as an indication of previous venous thrombosis. The presence of APLA was determined by coagulation assays for the lupus anticoagulant (LA) using five tests with well-defined control ranges and by ELISA assay for anticardiolipin antibodies (ACLA). These tests were measured on two separate occasions. The results of the study demonstrate a statistically significant association between persistently abnormal ACLA assays and thromboembolic events and a non-significant trend between persistently abnormal LA and thromboembolic events. Transient abnormalities of LA and ACLA were less strongly associated with thromboembolic events. We conclude that in patients with SLE, there is a significant association between thromboembolism and APLA.
Modeling velocity changes associated with a miscible flood in the Prudhoe Bay Field (1997)

Abstract The Prudhoe Bay Field, Alaska, is produced by a number of recovery processes. A miscible gas (MI) injection pilot was studied to see if repeated seismic surveys could detect the progress of the MI gas. Gassmann's equation was used on the injection, producing and monitor wells where a detailed reservoir simulation was available. Time-varying saturations of the three fluid phases and the pressure were used to calculate the expected velocity of the reservoir at different stages of the injection. The differences between the modeled velocities at two extremes of gas saturation after the water-after-gas (WAG) range up to 500 ft/s (150 m/s). It was concluded that it would have been possible to detect the fluid saturation had a baseline survey been collected early in the field's development. Unfortunately, initial production introduced 2% gas into the fluid, muting later attempts to map changes in saturation that varied from between 30% and 60%. Additionally, the use of a WAG process further complicated the gas mapping by both increasing and decreasing the reservoir fluid velocities. Collecting new seismic data over this pilot area was not recommended. The modeling exercise highlighted a number of issues that are important in monitoring other reservoirs. Amongst these are the timing of data collection and the weakness of the petrophysical models caused by the numerous assumptions that are required in the absence of field observations. It was demonstrated that modeling exercises can both save unnecessary field expenses and provide considerable insight in reservoir behavior.
Spatial multiplexing for long-haul transmission (2012)

Spatial multiplexing has the potential to overcome the capacity-bottleneck of single-fiber long-haul links. We review recent experimental progress and discuss relevant performance vs. complexity trade-offs from a systems perspective.
Influence of Drought, Rain and Artificial Irrigation on Photosynthesis, Gas Exchange and Water Relations of the Fynbos Plant<i>Protea acaulos</i>(L.) Reich at the End of the Dry Season (1994)

Abstract Protea acaulos , a prostrate fynbos shrub, often experiences very low air humidity at leaf temperatures over 10°C higher than mean air temperature. We determined to what degree this particular microclimate influenced photosynthetic performance, leaf conductance and water relations of non‐irrigated and trickle‐irrigated plants. Measurements were made at the end of the dry summer season in the sand plain lowland fynbos on the west coast of South Africa. Independent of water supply, plants showed a pronounced midday depression of gas exchange. While in non‐irrigated plants leaf water potential dropped to − 2.0 MPa around noon, it never fell below −1.0 MPa in irrigated plants. On the other hand minimum pressure potential was similar in irrigated and non‐irrigated plants. The latter showed higher turgor after rain, due to osmotic acclimation, which resulted from a reduction in maximum water volume. The main osmoticum was 1,5‐anhydro‐D‐glucitol. Leaf temperature, directly or via the vapour pressure deficit between leaf and air (Δw), rather than plant water status, was the determinant of the midday depression of gas exchange. High Δw caused stomatal closure during times of saturating light, thus limiting photosynthetic CO 2 uptake and availability and enhancing the susceptibility for photoinhibition. This, as well as high leaf temperature per se, decreased the efficiency of photochemistry of photosystem II. Initial fluorescence remained constant until temperatures exceeded 35 °C, above which changes in fluorescence indicated both photoinhibition and heat stress. Unlike other fynbos plants, Protea acaulos could not use the improved soil water supply to increase carbon gain under hot summer condition.
LD Manager and ld tools: new software to operate lagragian drifters (2011)

Peer Reviewed