gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Das Dipolmoment substituierter Harnstoffe (1958)

Abstract The dipole moments of a number of substituted ureas are measured in dioxane. It is shown that the mesomeric moment of urea is reduced by inductive or steric effects of the alkyl substituents, which have probably cis conformation to the CO‐group. Some tetrasubstituted ureas are also measured in other solvents. The rather large solvent effect is not only a function of the dielectric constant, so that the geometric shape of the molecule cannot be the only reason for it. The hypothesis is suggested that the different possible conformations of the molecule have in different solvents a different statistical weight.
Nash Equilbria for Quadratic Voting (2014)

Voters making a binary decision purchase votes from a centralized clearing house, paying the square of the number of votes purchased. The net payoff to an agent with utility $u$ who purchases $v$ votes is $Ψ(S_{n+1})u-v^{2}$, where $Ψ$ is a monotone function taking values between -1 and +1 and $S_{n+1}$ is the sum of all votes purchased by the $n+1$ voters participating in the election. The utilities of the voters are assumed to arise by random sampling from a probability distribution $F_{U}$ with compact support; each voter knows her own utility, but not those of the other voters, although she does know the sampling distribution $F_{U}$. Nash equilibria for this game are described. These results imply that the expected inefficiency of any Nash equilibrium decays like $1/n$.
Lopukhov, Fedor Vasilievich (1886–1973) (2018)

The most prolific choreographer of the early Soviet period, Fedor Lopukhov was associated with two seemingly contradictory developments in Soviet ballet in the 1920s: his interest in experimental dance, especially his theories of the relationship between movement and music, and his work to restore the ballets of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, notably those of the choreographer Marius Petipa, whose legacy had suffered in the chaotic years following the 1917 Revolution. Lopukhov had some connection to virtually every innovation in early Soviet ballet practice. From his attempt to stage a nonnarrative ballet to Beethoven’s Fourth Symphony in 1923 (Dance Symphony: The Magnificence of the Universe) to choreography that celebrated the October Revolution with avant-garde scenography (The Red Whirlwind, 1924), and finally, the scandals surrounding his collaborations with composer Dmitry Shostakovich (Bolt, 1931; The Bright Stream, 1935), he remained a tireless innovator and theoretician of the new Soviet dance.
Excellent cabazitaxel response in prostate cancer xenografts expressing androgen receptor variant 7 and reversion of resistance development by anti-androgens (2018)

Excellent cabazitaxel response in prostate cancer xenografts expressing androgen receptor variant 7 and reversion of resistance development by anti-androgens
Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling in Qatar's North Field (2009)

Abstract This paper discusses the operator's use of pressurized mud cap drilling (PMCD), a form of Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) technology, to successfully capture reserves in Qatar's North Field that were not accessible with conventional drilling operations. While drilling off one of the platforms, the operator encountered faulting, vugular porosity, and Karst features in one particular carbonate sequence that led to the total loss of returns, which could not be controlled with lost circulation material or cement squeeze operations. After reviewing the drilling alternatives, the operator determined that PMCD was an enabling technology to drill through the problematic lost circulation interval in the 12¼-in. hole section above the reservoir. Risk assessments confirmed that PMCD could be conducted both safely and effectively utilizing a rotating head (RH) rigged up on top of the existing well control package. The North Field platforms are located in the offshore Arabian Gulf and provide unlimited access to seawater. PMCD requires injection of potentially large volumes of fluid down the drillpipe and by the casing / hole annulus. Since seawater was abundant, it was the consensus fluid of choice. A review of the formations drilled in the 12¼-in. hole section confirmed clays were not present and that borehole instability would not be a concern. In addition to reducing operational complexity and trouble time, the use of PMCD in this case was also driven by the operator's drilling performance management process which dictates that performance limiters be identified and extended following a specific process. Consequently, this application of PMCD was structured to maximize footage per day rather than only address the lost returns costs. The paper discusses both the lost returns management and the associated efforts to maximize performance gains. The paper will address PMCD well control and injection equipment requirements as well as the drilling and liner running operations on the first well. The area geology and the field's history with lost returns will also be discussed.
Resonant-cavity organic light-emitting diodes for low-cost optical interconnects on CMOS silicon circuits (2002)

The possibility to integrate an optical emitter at any point in a silicon integrated circuit would represent a major breakthrough in the field of optical interconnects. The outstanding properties of luminescent organic semiconductors, such as their ability to be deposited on various substrates and their efficiency, make them good candidates for this kind of applications, but organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are characterized by broad spectra and angular emission patterns which prevent their integration in an optical interconnection system. So, we study resonant-cavity organic light-emitting diodes (RC-OLEDs) such as Al/ITO/CuPc/TPD/Alq3/Al which are made on silicon substrates. Aluminum is chosen to make the mirrors because of its compatibility with CMOS technology. The devices are characterized by electroluminescence, and their current-voltage characteristics are measured. We study the influence of the electrodes on the electrical characteristics of the devices. We describe these planar multilayer microcavities using a transfer-matrix multiplication method. The experimental results that we obtain with two samples allow us to calculate the dependence of the refractive index of the ITO layer on the wavelength. We compare our experimental and theoretical results and find a good agreement between them.
Factors Influencing Drive Cycle Emissions and Fuel Consumption (1997)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A method of predicting HC, CO and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions and fuel-used over drive cycles has been developed. This has been applied to FTP-75 and ECE+EUDC drive cycles amended to include cold-start and warm-up. The method requires only fully-warm steady state indicated performance data to be available for the engine. This is used in conjunction with a model of engine thermal behaviour and friction characteristics, and vehicle/drive cycle specifications enabling engine brake load/speed variations to be defined. A time marching prediction of engine-out emissions and fuel consumption is carried out taking into account factors which include high engine friction and poor mixture preparation after cold-start. Comparisons with experimental data indicate that fuel consumption and emissions can be predicted to quantitative accuracy. The method has been applied to compare and contrast the importance of various operating regimes during the two cycles. Also penalties associated with cold-start and warm-up behaviour, catalyst light-off time and engine calibration have been investigated. Illustrations are based on the performance of a 1.81 four cylinder engine in a 1300kg vehicle with manual transmission.</div>
The effects on 4-aminoantifolates on 5-formyltetrahydrofolate metabolism in L1210 cells. A biochemical basis of the selectivity of leucovorin rescue. (1987)

This report describes studies designed to evaluate possible inhibitory effects of diaminoantifolates on folate-dependent biosynthetic enzymes in intact L1210 leukemia cells. A novel approach is described which involves an assessment of the metabolism of and biosynthetic flux of the one-carbon moiety from (6S)5-formyltetrahydrofolate in folate-depleted cells. Pretreatment with methotrexate (10 microM), resulting in the formation of methotrexate polyglutamates, or continuous incubation with trimetrexate (1 microM) inhibited growth of folate-depleted L1210 cells in the presence of folic acid or 5-formyltetrahydrolate. In both control and drug-treated cells, double-labeled (6S)-5-[14C]formyl[3H]tetrahydrofolate was rapidly metabolized with the loss of the [14C]formyl group. Under all conditions, the predominant metabolite was 10-formyl[3H]tetrahydrofolate, detectable both intracellularly and extracellularly. In drug-treated cells, there was a remarkably small decrease in the level of 10-formyl[3H]tetrahydrofolate (approximately 30%) and a 10-fold rise in the level of [3H]dihydrofolate to less than 20% of the total folate pool. The incorporation of [14C]formyl group from 5-[14C]formyltetrahydrofolate into thymidylate, serine, and methionine was unaffected by the presence of 1 microM trimetrexate, consistent with the generation of sufficient 5,10-[14C]methylenetetrahydrofolate to drive these reactions. Similarly, the presence of methotrexate polyglutamates had no effect at the level of amino acid synthesis; however, carbon transfer into thymidylate was markedly inhibited. Even though 10-formyltetrahydrofolate was readily formed from 5-formyltetrahydrofolate in this model, the net incorporation of 14C from 5-[14C]formyltetrahydrofolate into purine nucleotides was inhibited by both methotrexate and trimetrexate treatments. Similar findings were obtained when [14C]glycine incorporation into purine nucleotides was monitored in cells incubated with unlabeled 5-formyltetrahydrofolate. Finally, in antifolate-treated cells incubated with unlabeled 5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate, transfer of 14C from [14C]formate or [14C]serine into biosynthetic products or incorporation of [3H]deoxyuridine into nucleic acids was potently inhibited. These results suggest that insufficient levels of tetrahydrofolate and 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate were formed to drive these reactions despite the presence of high levels of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Spacecraft attitude determination by fanscan technique (1974)

To determine orientation, or attitude, of spacecraft in flight relative to data-receiving antenna on earth use fanbeam antenna which is offset in angle from spin axis of spacecraft and provides fan-like radiation pattern.
Thin-Film Titanium Dioxide Capacitors for Microelectronic Applications (1965)

This paper discusses investigations of vacuum-deposited thin-film titanium dioxide capacitors applicable to microelectronic circuits. Included are sections covering evaporant materials and their purities, vacuum evaporation techniques, anodizing procedures, substrate materials, and electrical properties of thin-film TiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> capacitors.
exo-endo Rate Ratios in the Solvolysis of Tertiary 2-Benznorbornenyl p-Nitrobenzoates. Evidence for the Absence of Significant Carbon Participation as a Factor in the exo-endo Rate Ratios (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTexo-endo Rate Ratios in the Solvolysis of Tertiary 2-Benznorbornenyl p-Nitrobenzoates. Evidence for the Absence of Significant Carbon Participation as a Factor in the exo-endo Rate RatiosHerbert C. Brown and Gary L. TritleCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1966, 88, 6, 1320–1322Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00958a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00958a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Metal Ion Levels After Metal-on-Metal Total Hip Arthroplasty (2014)

The 36-mm metal-on-metal bearing underperformed the 28-mm metal-on-metal bearing with respect to metal ion levels. The authors are closely following all patients treated with metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty.
Hepatic transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh: new horizons and paradigms after 30 years of experience. (1994)

In the 1993 edition of this book, we described 4 major initiatives in liver transplantation: First, the evaluation of the new immunosuppressive drug FK506 (tacrolimus); second, the feasibility of combined liver-intestinal and multivisceral transplantation; third, 2 clinical attempts at hepatic xenotransplantation; and fourth, beginning attempts to enhance donor-specific nonreactivity with adjuvant bone marrow infusion. These and other new clinical studies during the last 12 months are the concerns of this update. The topics will be considered separately because of the unique design of each and the heterogeneity of the enrolled patient population. The patient and graft survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and the comparisons were done by the log-rank test. Survival time for patients was defined as the time that elapsed from the transplantation date until death, or the date of the last follow-up evaluation. For calculating graft survival, the date of graft removal was also considered. Cox’s proportional hazards model was used to analyze different causes of mortality and graft failure. Single variable comparison for qualitative data was made by chi-square analysis. The one-way analysis of variance was used for 3-way comparison.
Hematopoietic growth factor glycosylation. Multiple forms of chicken myelomonocytic growth factor. (1988)

The production of chicken myelomonocytic growth factor (cMGF) can be rapidly induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide from the macrophage cell line HD11. Immunoprecipitation analysis of lipopolysaccharide-induced HD11 cells labeled with various radioactive precursors showed the secretion of a variety of cMGF forms. The precursor-product relationships of the different cMGF forms were studied by pulse-chase experiments, by long-term metabolic labeling in the presence or absence of glycosylation- and oligosaccharide-processing inhibitors, as well as by glycosidase treatment of immunoprecipitates. Our results show that the half-time for intracellular processing/secretion is less than 10 min, making cMGF one of the most rapidly processed proteins. The different forms of the factor are generated from a 24-kDa polypeptide precursor by co- and post-translational acquisition of one or two N-linked oligosaccharides and by O-linked glycosylation. In addition, a fraction of cMGF is modified by long chain, chondroitinase-sensitive, sulfated glycans. This modification is tunicamycin-sensitive, suggesting that the sulfated glycans are attached to N-linked rather than to O-linked oligosaccharides.
Quantitative Proteomics Analysis of Macrophage Rafts Reveals Compartmentalized Activation of the Proteasome and of Proteasome-mediated ERK Activation in Response to Lipopolysaccharide (2008)

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a glycolipid component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is a potent initiator of the innate immune response of the macrophage. LPS triggers downstream signaling by selectively recruiting and activating proteins in cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains called lipid rafts. We applied proteomics analysis to macrophage detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) during an LPS exposure time course in an effort to identify and validate novel events occurring in macrophage rafts. Following metabolic incorporation in cell culture of heavy isotopes of amino acids arginine and lysine ([(13)C(6)]Arg and [(13)C(6)]Lys) or their light counterparts, a SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture)-based quantitative, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry proteomics approach was used to profile LPS-induced changes in the lipid raft proteome of RAW 264.7 macrophages. Unsupervised network analysis of the proteomics data set revealed a marked representation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system as well as changes in proteasome subunit composition following LPS challenge. Functional analysis of DRMs confirmed that LPS causes selective activation of the proteasome in macrophage rafts and proteasome inactivation outside of rafts. Given previous reports of an essential role for proteasomal degradation of IkappaB kinase-phosphorylated p105 in LPS activation of ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase, we tested for a role of rafts in compartmentalization of these events. Immunoblotting of DRMs revealed proteasome-dependent activation of MEK and ERK specifically occurring in lipid rafts as well as proteasomal activity upon raft-localized p105 that was enhanced by LPS. Cholesterol extraction from the intact macrophage with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin was sufficient to activate ERK, recapitulating the LPS-IkappaB kinase-p105-MEK-ERK cascade, whereas both it and the alternate raft-disrupting agent nystatin blocked subsequent LPS activation of the ERK cascade. Taken together, our findings indicate a critical, selective role for raft compartmentalization and regulation of proteasome activity in activation of the MEK-ERK pathway.
The fragmentation of ethoxylated surfactants by AP-MALDI-QIT (2006)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry has become an important technique to characterize the chemical structure of industrial polymer materials. MALDI methods have been developed to address a broad variety of different polymer materials containing different chemistries. One of the key aspects of the typical MALDI experiment is the generation of intact ions. The development of Atmospheric Pressure (AP) MALDI quadrupole ion trap (QIT) instruments has opened another channel to obtaining MS/MS experiments for polymer samples. These experiments provide a new method to obtain chemical structure information from MALDI experiments. Collision-Induced Dissociation (CID) provides an improved MALDI MS/MS experiment that can be done on readily available mass spectrometers. AP MALDI QIT techniques have been successfully applied to a variety of synthetic polymers. This work explores the applicability of AP MALDI QIT methods to relatively low molecular weight ethoxylated surfactants. In these experiments we show the CID fragmentation mass spectra on some ethoxylated surfactants, and demonstrate the existence of analyte matrix clusters.
Effects of Isoproterenol and Cholera Toxin on Human Limbal Epithelial Cell Cultures (2012)

Isoproterenol was more efficient than cholera toxin for enhancing cell proliferation and resulted in smaller cell size. It appears to be useful and safe for growing human limbal epithelial progenitors from limbal explants with no feeders before transplantation to patients with limbal deficiency.
Mise en évidence des tautomères énoliques des hydroxypyridines dans la source du spectromètre de masse (1975)

3- and 4-Hydroxypyridines exist in their enolic form, in the gas phase, as evidenced by the similarity of the deuterium isotope effects on the loss of CO, calculated on nearly equimolar mixtures of HO- and DO-pyridines. This is confirmed by analysis of metastable ratios evaluated on hydroxypyridine fragment ions and on the same ions produced by direct ionization. 2-Hydroxypyridine shows a weaker isotope effect for the same reaction and this is confirmed by the study of an equimolar mixture of 2-ethoxy- and 2-ethoxy-d 5 -pyridines. It is shown that 2-hydroxypyridine also exists as its enolic form, in the gas phase.
The vibrational Stokes shift of water (HOD in D2O) (2004)

The vibrational Stokes shift of the OH stretching transition nu(OH) of water is the shift between the ground-state absorption and the excited-state (v=1) emission. A recent measurement on HOD in D(2)O solvent [S. Woutersen and H. J. Bakker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2077 (1999)] of a 70 cm(-1) redshift, and a subsequent calculation of a 57 cm(-1) redshift using equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations [C. P. Lawrence and J. L. Skinner, J. Chem. Phys. 117, 8847 (2002)] were in good agreement. We now report extensive measurements of the vibrational Stokes shift in HOD/D(2)O using an ultrafast IR pump, Raman probe method. The vibrational Stokes shift is seen to depend on the pump pulse frequency and on time delay; by varying these parameters it can be made to range from 112 to -32 cm(-1) (negative values indicate a blueshift in the excited state). The equilibrium vibrational Stokes shift is actually a negative rather than a positive quantity. Possible reasons for the disagreement between experiment and theory are briefly discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY OF THE BENZOTHIAZOLE SYSTEM‐ RING‐OPENING REACTION IN A NON‐BASIC MEDIUM PROMOTED BY COORDINATION TO SILVER(I) (1976)

Abstract Ag‐nitrat bildet mit den Benzothiazol‐Liganden abhängig von der Temperatur und dem Lösungsmittel den Komplex (I) oder (II).
Expanding the SHOC2 mutation associated phenotype of noonan syndrome with loose anagen hair: Structural brain anomalies and myelofibrosis (2013)

Noonan syndrome is a heterogenous rasopathy typically presenting with short stature, characteristic facial features, cardiac abnormalities including pulmonic valve stenosis, ASD and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), cryptorchidism, ectodermal abnormalities, and learning differences. The phenotype is variable, and limited genotype phenotype correlation exists with SOS1 mutations often associated with normal cognition and stature, RAF1 mutations entailing a high HCM risk, and certain PTPN11 mutations predisposing to juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. The recently identified SHOC2 mutation (p.Ser2Gly) causes Noonan syndrome with loose anagen hair. We report five patients with this mutation. All had skin hyperpigmentation, sparse light colored hair, increased fine wrinkles, ligamentous laxity, developmental delay, and 4/4 had a structural cardiac anomaly. Hypotonia and macrocephaly occurred in 4/5 (80%); 3/5 (60%) had polyhydramnios, increased birth weight or required use of a feeding tube. Distinctive brain abnormalities included relative megalencephaly and enlarged subarachnoid spaces suggestive of benign external hydrocephalus, and a relatively small posterior fossa as indicated by a vertical tentorium. The combination of a large brain with a small posterior fossa likely resulted in the high rate of cerebellar tonsillar ectopia (3/4; 75%). Periventricular nodular heterotopia was seen in one patient with a thick and dysplastic corpus callosum. We report on the first hematologic neoplasm, myelofibrosis, in a 2-year-old patient with SHOC2 mutation. Myelofibrosis is exceedingly rare in children and young adults. The absence of a somatic JAK2 mutation, seen in the majority of patients with myelofibrosis, is noteworthy as it suggests that germline or somatic SHOC2 mutations are causally involved in myelofibrosis.