gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Ring-Opening of Cyclic Alcohols Enabled by PCET Activation of Strong O–H Bonds (2016)

We report a new photocatalytic protocol for the redox-neutral isomerization of cyclic alcohols to linear ketones via C-C bond scission. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that key alkoxy radical intermediates in this reaction are generated via the direct homolytic activation of alcohol O-H bonds in an unusual intramolecular PCET process, wherein the electron travels to a proximal radical cation in concert with proton transfer to a weak Brønsted base. Effective bond strength considerations are shown to accurately forecast the feasibility of alkoxy radical generation with a given oxidant/base pair.
The Action of Two Sulfhydryl Compounds on Normal Human Red Cells (1965)

Abstract Treatment of normal human red cells with AET and cysteine, under suitable experimental conditions, modifies them in such a way that their behavior in in vitro hemolysis tests becomes similar to that of the erythrocytes of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. It is felt that alteration of the red cells is due to the -SH groups possessed by both substances. A possible mechanism of action is hypothesized.
Comment on "Ab Initio Study of the Abstraction Reactions of CF3O" (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComment on "Ab Initio Study of the Abstraction Reactions of CF3O"William F. Schneider and Timothy J. WallingtonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 12, 4353Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100012a069https://doi.org/10.1021/j100012a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Dépollution par les plantes : la bio-inspiration comme solution écologique (2019)

International audience
Particle imaging technique for measuring the deformation rate of hydrogel microstructures (2000)

A technique for measuring the instantaneous deformation rate of hydrogel microstructures is introduced. In developing this technique, we have adapted microscopic particle image velocimetry, a method for measuring velocity fields in microfluidic devices. Small fluorescent seed particles are incorporated into the hydrogel microstructure, and as the structure swells or contracts, the displacement of the seed particles over some small time Δt is measured using a cross-correlation technique. By providing local deformation rate data in hydrogel microstructures, this technique will allow for optimization of device designs as well as providing a means for determining the validity of hydrogel expansion models.
PLASMA WAVES IN TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON SYSTEMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS (2007)

We overview the plasma properties of a two-dimensional electron gas in semiconductor heterostructures as well as new concepts and proposals of novel terahertz devices (detectors, sources utilizing plasma instabilities, and photomixers) based on these heterostructures.
Cross-talk between the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Hypoxia Inducible Factor Signaling Pathways (1999)

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the alpha-class hypoxia inducible factors (HIF1alpha, HIF2alpha, and HIF3alpha) are basic helix-loop-helix PAS (bHLH-PAS) proteins that heterodimerize with ARNT. In response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, the AHR. ARNT complex binds to "dioxin responsive enhancers" (DREs) and activates genes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics, e.g. cytochrome P4501A1 (Cyp1a1). The HIF1alpha.ARNT complex binds to "hypoxia responsive enhancers" and activates the transcription of genes that regulate adaptation to low oxygen, e.g. erythropoietin (Epo). We postulated that activation of one pathway would inhibit the other due to competition for ARNT or other limiting cellular factors. Using pathway specific reporters in transient transfection assays, we observed that DRE driven transcription was markedly inhibited by hypoxia and that hypoxia responsive enhancer driven transcription was inhibited by AHR agonists. When we attempted to support this cross-talk model using endogenous loci, we observed that activation of the hypoxia pathway inhibited Cyp1a1 up-regulation, but that activation of the AHR actually enhanced the induction of Epo by hypoxia. To explain this unexpected additivity, we examined the Epo gene and found that its promoter harbors DREs immediately upstream of its transcriptional start site. These experiments outline conditions where inhibitory and additive cross-talk occur between the hypoxia and dioxin signal transduction pathways and identify Epo as an AHR-regulated gene.
A clinical study comparing PureSperm and SpermFilter for density gradient separation of human spermatozoa in assisted reproduction (2003)

SpermFilter is a valid alternative to PureSperm in assisted reproduction technology (ART).
Real time structural search of the Protein Data Bank (2020)

Detection of protein structure similarity is a central challenge in structural bioinformatics. Comparisons are usually performed at the polypeptide chain level, however the functional form of a protein within the cell is often an oligomer. This fact, together with recent growth of oligomeric structures in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), demands more efficient approaches to oligomeric assembly alignment/retrieval. Traditional methods use atom level information, which can be complicated by the presence of topological permutations within a polypeptide chain and/or subunit rearrangements. These challenges can be overcome by comparing electron density volumes directly. But, brute force alignment of 3D data is a compute intensive search problem. We developed a 3D Zernike moment normalization procedure to orient electron density volumes and assess similarity with unprecedented speed. Similarity searching with this approach enables real-time retrieval of proteins/protein assemblies resembling a target, from PDB or user input, together with resulting alignments (http://shape.rcsb.org).
Proliferative Response of Lymphocytes of Normal Individuals to Wheat Proteins (Gliadins) (1980)

Preparations of gliadin, extracted from wheat gluten, were shown to stimulate a proliferative response by lymphocytes of normal donors. Not all donors responded to gliadin. In all but one case responder or non-responder status remained consistent on retesting. There was no association of ability to respond with HLA A or B type.
La conduite automatisée : simple buzz , ou réalité industrielle ? (2014)

Le thème de la conduite automatisée est très à la mode depuis quelques années. L’apparition de Google comme acteur majeur sur ce thème a bousculé les équilibres de la filière automobile, et la perception par le grand public a bénéficié d’une communication efficace. Pourtant les véhicules automatisés existent depuis des années. Alors, n’est-ce donc qu’une mode portée par un puissant acteur du Web , ou bien le signe d’une maturité industrielle ? De tels véhicules circuleront-ils bientôt sur nos routes ? L’objectif de cet article est de donner quelques clefs de lecture. Il s’agit tout d’abord de présenter les techniques mises en œuvre et leur degré de maturité, afin de mesurer le chemin déjà parcouru et celui qui reste à explorer. Dans un deuxième temps, nous nous sommes intéressés aux conséquences de l’automatisation de la conduite à travers deux facettes, légale et économique. Du fait de sa concision, cet article vise seulement à être une introduction à la réflexion : le sujet est polémique, mais il est justement intéressant d’en posséder quelques éléments.
Galectin-3 Induces Death of <i>Candida</i> Species Expressing Specific β-1,2-Linked Mannans (2006)

Lectins play a critical role in host protection against infection. The galectin family of lectins recognizes saccharide ligands on a variety of microbial pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Galectin-3, a galectin expressed by macrophages, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells, binds bacterial and parasitic pathogens including Leishmania major, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. However, there have been no reports of galectins having direct effects on microbial viability. We found that galectin-3 bound only to Candida albicans species that bear beta-1,2-linked oligomannans on the cell surface, but did not bind Saccharomyces cerevisiae that lacks beta-1,2-linked oligomannans. Surprisingly, binding directly induced death of Candida species containing specific beta-1,2-linked oligomannosides. Thus, galectin-3 can act as a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes a unique pathogen-specific oligosaccharide sequence. This is the first description of antimicrobial activity for a member of the galectin family of mammalian lectins; unlike other lectins of the innate immune system that promote opsonization and phagocytosis, galectin-3 has direct fungicidal activity against opportunistic fungal pathogens.
Carbon Nanotube-Polyimide Saturable Absorbing Waveguide Made by Simple Photolithography (2007)

Using photosensitive polyimide, we fabricated a buried waveguide containing carbon nanotubes by a simple photolithography process. Anisotropic linear absorption and saturable absorption due to the alignment of nanotubes were observed in the guided transmission.
Outils amphiphiles innovants pour la caractérisation et la manipulation en solution et sur des surfaces de protéines membranaires (2012)

International audience
Electrokinetic Properties and Colloidal Stability of Cationic Amino-Containing<i>N</i>-Isopropylacrylamide−Styrene Copolymer Particles Bearing Different Shell Structures (1998)

International audience
Basal Ornithischia (2004)

Abstract This revised edition of this book continues in the same vein as the first but encompasses recent spectacular discoveries that have continued to revolutionize this field. A thorough scientific view of current world research, the volume includes comprehensive coverage of dinosaur systematics, reproduction, and life history strategies, biogeography, taphonomy, paleoecology, thermoregulation, and extinction. It contains definitive descriptions and illustrations of these magnificent Mesozoic beasts. The first section of the book begins with the origin of the great clade of these fascinating reptiles, followed by separate coverage of each major dinosaur taxon, including the Mesozoic radiation of birds. The second part of the volume navigates through broad areas of interest. Here we find comprehensive documentation of dinosaur distribution through time and space, discussion of the interface between geology and biology, and the paleoecological inferences that can be made through this link.
When Do We (Not) Need Complex Assume-Guarantee Rules? (2015)

Assume-guarantee (AG) reasoning is a compositional verification method where a verification task involving many processes is broken into multiple verification tasks involving fewer and/or simpler processes. Unfortunately, AG verification rules, and especially circular rules are often complex and hence hard to reason about. This raises the question whether complex rules are really necessary, especially in view of formalisms that already enable compositional reasoning via simple rules based on precongruence. This paper investigates this question for two formalisms: (1) labelled transition systems (LTS) with parallel composition and weak simulation, and (2) interface automata (IA) with composition and alternating simulation <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></sup> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><;O</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sup> . In (1), not all AG rules are sound and the precongruence rule cannot replace all sound ones, but we can provide a generic and sound AG rule that complements the precongruence rule. We show that in (2) all AG rules are sound and can be replaced by a simple rule where all premisses are of the form P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></sup> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><;O</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</sup> Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> . Moreover, we show that proofs in the LTS AG rule can be converted into proofs in the simple IA rule. This suggests that circular reasoning is a built-in feature of the IA formalism, and provided system components can be modelled as IA, complex assume-guarantee rules are not needed.
Mucosal Melanoma of the Middle Ear Cavity and Eustachian Tube (2011)

The standard treatment of head and neck mucosal melanoma is primarily surgical. Surgical removal of mucosal melanoma in the Eustachian tube/middle ear can present challenges in achieving microscopically negative margins. However, gross tumor resection with postoperative radiotherapy has been shown to improve locoregional control.
Analysis of Internally Grout-Repaired Damaged Members (2020)

This chapter is devoted to the analysis of the first type of repair, considering full grouting along the entire length of the dented member. Because of the need to know a repaired member’s performance, the analysis of grout-repaired cylinders is of importance and of a practical nature to engineers. There are three basic levels of analysis for grout-filled cylinders: beam-column analysis; moment-thrust-curvature integration analysis, and finite element analysis. The moment-thrust-curvature (M-P-ϕ) relationship that is used in conjunction with the numerical integration must be established first in order to analyze the behavior of a grout-filled tubular. In the analysis of an internal grout-repaired member the numerically derived M-P-ϕ and axial strain–axial load-curvature relationships are utilized in conjunction with numerical integration. The computer program DGROUT was used to conduct analysis of several dent-damaged test specimens studied in the laboratory.
Covariance of finite-sample cumulants in array-processing (2002)

In this paper we provide explicit formulas for the covariances of second-third-, and fourth-order sample cumulants as used in narrowband array processing. These covariances provide a basis for analysing the performance of cumulant based algorithms for finite-sample length, which is in contrast to usual asymptotic performance analyses. The use of these formulas, which consist of several thousand terms, will be demonstrated, and a rough idea of their applicability to a performance analysis for finite numbers of samples will be given.
Basolateral Mg2+ Extrusion via CNNM4 Mediates Transcellular Mg2+ Transport across Epithelia: A Mouse Model (2013)

Transcellular Mg(2+) transport across epithelia, involving both apical entry and basolateral extrusion, is essential for magnesium homeostasis, but molecules involved in basolateral extrusion have not yet been identified. Here, we show that CNNM4 is the basolaterally located Mg(2+) extrusion molecule. CNNM4 is strongly expressed in intestinal epithelia and localizes to their basolateral membrane. CNNM4-knockout mice showed hypomagnesemia due to the intestinal malabsorption of magnesium, suggesting its role in Mg(2+) extrusion to the inner parts of body. Imaging analyses revealed that CNNM4 can extrude Mg(2+) by exchanging intracellular Mg(2+) with extracellular Na(+). Furthermore, CNNM4 mutations cause Jalili syndrome, characterized by recessive amelogenesis imperfecta with cone-rod dystrophy. CNNM4-knockout mice showed defective amelogenesis, and CNNM4 again localizes to the basolateral membrane of ameloblasts, the enamel-forming epithelial cells. Missense point mutations associated with the disease abolish the Mg(2+) extrusion activity. These results demonstrate the crucial importance of Mg(2+) extrusion by CNNM4 in organismal and topical regulation of magnesium.
Intelligent graphics (1996)

article Free AccessIntelligent graphics Author: Henry Lieberman Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge Massachusetts Institute of Technology, CambridgeView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 39Issue 8Aug. 1996 pp 38–48https://doi.org/10.1145/232014.232026Published:01 August 1996Publication History 12citation905DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations12Total Downloads905Last 12 Months90Last 6 weeks8 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Impurity dependence of film-edge-induced dislocations in silicon (1989)

An experimental study is designed to reveal the generation of dislocations resulted from the interaction of discontinuous low-pressure chemical-vapor-deposited (LPCVD) nitride/thermal pad oxide window edge and atomic misfit stress. The results show that atomic misfit has a very strong effect on the dislocation generation along the film edges. Boron exhibits a misfit factor of (−)0.254, while arsenic has almost zero misfit factor in silicon. Hence the ratio of LPCVD nitride/thermal pad oxide thickness to generate film edge dislocations for boron-doped silicon is at least three times lower compared with arsenic doped silicon. The increase of boron concentration reduces the thickness ratio of LPCVD nitride/pad oxide required to the generation of dislocations. This study shows that film-edge-induced dislocation is strongly dependent on impurity species and concentration.
Skeletal muscle protein and amino acid metabolism in hereditary mouse muscular dystrophy. The role of disordered cyclic nucleotide metabolism in the accelerated alanine and glutamine formation and release. (1980)

dystrophy syst
Emulation of Multi-Hop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (2000)

There are two usual methods to evaluate a software system in multi-hop wireless ad hoc networks: simu- lation and real test-bed. The test-bed method is ex- pensive and non-repeatable. The simulation method usually requires re-implementing the real software system inside the simulator, which is also infeasible for large scale software systems. In this paper, we present an emulation system capable of evaluating unmodified real software systems in simulated environments, which is repeatable, detailed, and realistic. The experimental results show that our system is able to emulate large scale ad hoc networks. By using our system, we have greatly improve the performance of the Coda file system in ad hoc networks.
Truss: A Reliable, Scalable Server Architecture (2005)

Traditional techniques that mainframes use to increase reliability -special hardware or custom software - are incompatible with commodity server requirements. The Total Reliability Using Scalable Servers (TRUSS) architecture, developed at Carnegie Mellon, aims to bring reliability to commodity servers. TRUSS features a distributed shared-memory (DSM) multiprocessor that incorporates computation and memory storage redundancy to detect and recover from any single point of transient or permanent failure. Because its underlying DSM architecture presents the familiar shared-memory programming model, TRUSS requires no changes to existing applications and only minor modifications to the operating system to support error recovery.
Echo-to-reverberation enhancement using a time reversal mirror (2004)

Reverberation from rough ocean boundaries often degrades the performance of active sonar systems in the ocean. The focusing capability of the time-reversal method provides a new approach to this problem. A time-reversal mirror (TRM) focuses acoustic energy on a target enhancing the target echo while shadowing the boundaries below and above the focus in a waveguide, thereby reducing reverberation. The resulting echo-to-reverberation enhancement has been demonstrated experimentally using a time-reversal mirror in the 3–4 kHz band in shallow water.
The Anatomy of the Aortic Root (2002)

Objective: Since the aortic root preserving methods are spreading in heart surgery, the importance of aortic root anatomy is increasing. The surgical and anatomical descriptions of the aortic root are not always congruent. Therefore, the present study focuses on the surgical aspects of the aortic root anatomy. Methods: We measured the distances between the three commissures, the distances between the basal point of the sinus and the sinotubular junction and the heights of the sinuses. The circumference of the sinotubular junction and the annuli fibrosi were also obtained. In addition, the volume of every sinus was directly measured. Finally both vertical and horizontal histological sections of annuli fibrosi were made. Results: All measured parameters were averaged and the standard deviation (SD) was calculated, except in the case of the tilt angle. The distance for the right sinus commissures was 18.82 mm (SD 1.93 mm), and that of the non- and left coronary sinus were 17.43 (SD 2.06) and 15.21 (SD 1.88) mm, respectively. The mean height of the right, non- and left coronary sinus were 19.45 (SD 1.91), 17.68 (SD 1.77) and 17.45 (SD 1.39) mm, respectively. These differences between the height of the sinuses determines a mean tilt angle of 5.47° for the sinotubular junction and aortic root base. The mean circumference of the aortic root base and of the sinotubular junction was 69.20 (SD 6.93), and 65.82 (SD 8.31) mm. respectively. Mean volumes of the right, non- and left coronary sinuses were 1.6 (SD 0.34). 1.33 (SD 0.27) and 1.04 (SD 0.23l) ml. According to the histological sections we can say that the histological border of the annuli fibrosi is positioned at the interleaflate triangles. Conclusion: According to the measured data we can state that all parameters follow the pattern in which the right sinus structures had the greatest dimensions followed by the non coronary sinus, and finally the left coronary sinus. The tilt angle for aortic root base and sinotubular junction, and the difference in the diameters could be of hemodynamic and of surgical relevance