gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Emission Transfer Functions for Predicting the Deterioration of a Cu-Zeolite SCR Catalyst (2009)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Urea selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts have the capability to deliver the high NOx conversion efficiencies required for future emission standards. However, the potential for the occasional over-temperature can lead to the irreversible deactivation of the SCR catalyst. On-board diagnostics (OBD) compliance requires monitoring of the SCR function to make sure it is operating properly. Initially, SCR catalyst performance metrics such as NOx conversion, NH<sub>3</sub> oxidation, NH<sub>3</sub> storage capacity, and BET surface area are within normal limits. However, these features degrade with high temperature aging. In this work, a laboratory flow reactor was utilized to determine the impact on these performance metrics as a function of aging condition. Upon the completion of a full time-at-temperature durability study, four performance criteria were established to help determine a likely SCR failure. The following four performance criteria were established: (1) &lt; 80% NOx conversion (between 200°C–400°C), (2) &lt; 100% NH<sub>3</sub> oxidation (at T &gt; 500°C), (3) &lt; 600mg/L NH<sub>3</sub> storage capacity, and (4) &lt; 70% normalized BET surface area. Implementation of the performance criteria resulted in the identification of the following five “Borderline” failure aging conditions: (1) 1hr/1000°C, (2) 2hr/950°C, (3) 8hr/900°C, (4) 64hr/850°C, and (5) 256hr/800°C. Based on these SCR performance time and temperature limits, two simple mathematical equations were developed that related the threshold temperature to the threshold duration time. In addition, two transfer functions were developed that characterized the NH<sub>3</sub> storage capacity and the BET surface area results (via N<sub>2</sub> adsorption) as functions of both aging time and aging temperature. From these two functions, a NOx conversion transfer function was also developed that predicted the NOx conversion vs. the measured NOx conversion within 10% margin of error.</div>
Evaluation of Particulate and Hydrocarbon Fracturing Fluid-Loss Additives Under Dynamic Conditions (1997)

Abstract This paper presents the results of an industry consortium established to understand and allow modeling of the fluid-leakoff process in hydraulic-fracturing applications. Fluid-loss data was measured with a state-of-the-art experimental setup that included fluid preconditioning loops for high-shear and low-shear regimes and a novel cell design that minimizes flow irregularities. Previous papers 1,2 have presented the effects of experimental designs, shear rate, permeability, and pressure on the fluid loss of water-based systems with no fluid-loss control aids. This paper presents the results of experiments that used linear hydroxypropylguar (HPG) gel and HPG/borate fluid systems with various types of hydrocarbon and/or particulate fluid-loss additives in similar testing procedures. This study has found that each fluid-loss additive has an optimum performance range that depends on the fluid type and core permeability. Hydrocarbon fluid-loss additives, even at low concentrations (0.5% by volume), were found to be effective in reducing the filter-cake permeability of crosslinked gel systems in low-permeability cores (less than 10 md). Unless effective particulate fluid-loss additives were also used, hydrocarbon additives were ineffective in reducing the spurt loss or the filter-cake permeability in higher-permeability cores. Since hydrocarbon additives principally work on reducing the filtercake permeability, they exhibited more shear-rate sensitivity than "neat" fluids. However, in contrast to the pressure-independent behavior of neat fluids, the fluid-loss coefficients with hydrocarbon additives increases with pressure. Particulate fluid-loss additives were very effective in reducing spurt loss, especially for low-viscosity fluids. Inert and oil-soluble materials out-performed most water-soluble particu lates, particularly in higher-permeability formations. An investigation of the particulate particle size indicated that the optimum particulate size distribution must incorporate particles one to two times larger than the peak core pore size. Shear rate did not alter the particulates' effectiveness in controlling spurt loss; however, it did affect the filter-cake properties (Cw and vn values) in most situations similar to neat fluids. The addition of particulates did not change the compressibility of filter cakes that was observed earlier with neat fluids. The spurt loss with inert particulate additives was relatively independent of pressure, in contrast to the pressure-dependent spurt loss of neat fluids.
Further studies on the reaction of adenine, cytosine and corresponding nucleosides with chloroacetaldehyde (1978)

It is shown that stable intermediates formed in the reactions of adenine, cytosine and appropriate nucleosides with chloroacetaldehyde have the cyclic carbinolimine structure III. The structural proofs were provided by FD mass spectrometry, elementar analysis, UV and PMR. The kinetics of dehydration was studied on isolated adenosine and cytidine intermediates in the pH range of 3 – 7. It was found that the dehydration process shows rather weak pH dependence in the case of adenosine intermediate, however, this compound dehydrates 6 – 14 times faster in the investigated pH range than cytidine intermediate. When the initial concentration of substrate I /adenosine or cytidine/ was ca. 20 times higher than that normally used in our studies, small quantities of noncyclic carbinolamine II were detected in the first periods of the reaction. Intermediate II is many times less stable than III and decomposes to I during the isolation procedure.
Involvement of meso-.ALPHA.,.EPSILON.-diaminopimelate D-dehydrogenase in lysine biosynthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum. (1984)

L-Lysine, an essential amino acid, has been obtained mainly by microbial production since Kinoshita et al.l) discovered in 1958 that a homoserine-requiring mutant of Corynebacterium glutamicum could accumulate a large amount of lysine in the medium. We have applied 13C NMR spectroscopy to studies of in vivo metabolism of the lysine producing mutant and its derivatives, as has been reported for the analysis of glutamic acid fermentation by Microbacterium ammoniaphilum.2)
Bed Bugs in Healthcare Settings (2012)

Infestations caused by bed bugs have resurfaced during the past decade across all continents. Even though bed bugs primarily cause skin manifestations in humans, a major stigma is placed upon people or institutions found to carry them. It is important for healthcare facilities to be prepared for this pest by implementing policies, carefully selecting materials used for hospital furniture, and educating providers on early identification and control.
Coupling a versatile aerosol apparatus to a synchrotron: Vacuum ultraviolet light scattering, photoelectron imaging, and fragment free mass spectrometry (2006)

An aerosol apparatus has been coupled to the Chemical Dynamics Beamline of the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. This apparatus has multiple capabilities for aerosol studies, including vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light scattering, photoelectron imaging, and mass spectroscopy of aerosols. By utilizing an inlet system consisting of a 200μm orifice nozzle and aerodynamic lenses, aerosol particles of ∼50nm–∼1μm in diameter can be sampled directly from atmospheric pressure. The machine is versatile and can probe carbonaceous aerosols generated by a laboratory flame, nebulized solutions of biological molecules, hydrocarbon aerosol reaction products, and synthesized inorganic nanoparticles. The sensitivity of this apparatus is demonstrated by the detection of nanoparticles with VUV light scattering, photoelectron imaging, and charged particle detection. In addition to the detection of nanoparticles, the thermal vaporization of aerosols on a heater tip leads to the generation of intact gas phase molecules. This phenomenon coupled to threshold single photon ionization, accessible with tunable VUV light, allows for fragment-free mass spectrometry of complex molecules. The initial experiments with light scattering, photoelectron imaging, and aerosol mass spectrometry reported here serve as a demonstration of the design philosophy and multiple capabilities of the apparatus.
Computationally efficient sparse algorithms for tomographic PIV Reconstruction (2013)

Back to physical particles is the idea behind this paper. We introduce the physically sound Point Spread Function (PSF) model for tomographic PIV reconstruction, that aims at sparse and spiky reconstructions. Using the PSF, we show that the tracer particles are quasi-systematically in the direct vicinity of local maxima of reconstructions obtained with MLOS. Taking advantage of both the PSF model and this local maxima extraction (which we call LocM), we manage to dramatically reduce the dimensionality of the reconstruction that follows. For this reconstruction, we consider the SMART algorithm applied on this local maximum restriction, and also introduce a sparse algorithm, CoSaMP. We investigate the performances of LocM-SMART and LocM-CoSaMP, compared to the traditional, blob-like, MLOSSMART used in particular by [2]. LocM-XX methods combine dramatic computational gains and a very good reconstruction accuracy. LocM-CoSaMP in particular reaches equivalent or better performances than classical MLOSSMART especially if a voxel to pixel ratio equal to 1/2 is adopted.
Abstract 5037: Identifying differentially expressed microRNAs in retinoblastoma (2012)

Abstract Retinoblastoma, the most common pediatric cancer of the eye, is a devastating and sometimes fatal pediatric cancer. Within the United States, the majority of retinoblastoma patients are diagnosed before their 2nd birthday, and many lose their sight due to this disease. Approximately 75% of the retinoblastoma patients in the United States have unilateral disease, and treatment for many unilateral patients with advanced disease involves enucleation (removal of the eye). Therefore, new more effective targeted therapies for retinoblastoma could save a child's quality of life by preserving their sight. Outside of the United States, advanced retinoblastoma is an even greater clinical challenge in low-income countries, where the mortality rate among children diagnosed with advanced retinoblastoma is as high as 70%. Currently, the chemotherapeutic treatments for retinoblastoma involve the use of broad-based drugs. However, therapies targeted directly to aberrant signaling pathways may provide more effective therapy for this disease. MicroRNAs, short noncoding RNA transcripts that can regulate the expression of target genes, are known to affect the progression of many different tumor types. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also ideal therapeutic targets because they are amenable to therapeutic manipulation. To identify miRNAs associated with retinoblastoma progression, we have conducted miRNA profiling studies on 12 late-stage human retinoblastoma tumors. Our analysis has led to the identification of 19 differentially expressed miRNAs (p&lt;0.05) in retinoblastoma as compared to normal human retina. From those 19 miRNAs, 15 miRNAs are newly associated as being differentially expressed in retinoblastoma. These miRNAs could serve as potential therapeutic targets for retinoblastoma due to their known involvement in viability, proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis in other tumor types. This is an essential step in the discovery of miRNAs associated with retinoblastoma progression, and in the identification of potential therapeutic targets for this disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5037. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5037
Millimeter-Wavelength Microwave Spectrum of Nitrogen Dioxide (1966)

Two low-N millimeter-wavelength transitions of 14N16O2 were observed. The 19 additional hyperfine components were combined with previously reported data and hyperfine coupling constants of much greater reliability were obtained. Some improvement in the accuracy of rotational constants was made.
Reduction and Uptake of Ferric Iron by Human Duodenum <i>in vitro</i> (1993)

Conference Abstract| March 01 1993 Reduction and Uptake of Ferric Iron by Human Duodenum in vitro K B Raja; K B Raja 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King's College Hospital, London SE5 8RX, England Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar D Pountney; D Pountney 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King's College Hospital, London SE5 8RX, England Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A Bomford; A Bomford *Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London SE5 8RX, England Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R S Williams; R S Williams *Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London SE5 8RX, England Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R J Simpson; R J Simpson 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King's College Hospital, London SE5 8RX, England Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar T J Peters T J Peters 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King's College Hospital, London SE5 8RX, England Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Clin Sci (Lond) (1993) 84 (s28): 34P. https://doi.org/10.1042/cs084034Pa Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation K B Raja, D Pountney, A Bomford, R S Williams, R J Simpson, T J Peters; Reduction and Uptake of Ferric Iron by Human Duodenum in vitro. Clin Sci (Lond) 1 March 1993; 84 (s28): 34P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/cs084034Pa Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsClinical Science Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1993 The Biochemical Society and the Medical Research Society1993 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
An injection molding process for manufacturing highly porous and interconnected biodegradable polymer matrices for use as tissue engineering scaffolds (2009)

In this research, injection molding was combined with a novel material combination, supercritical fluid processing, and particulate leaching techniques to produce highly porous and interconnected structures that have the potential to act as scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The foamed structures, molded with polylactide (PLA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) with salt as the particulate, were processed without the aid of organic solvents, which can be detrimental to tissue growth. The pore size in the scaffolds is controlled by salt particulates and interconnectivity is achieved by the co-continuous blending morphology of biodegradable PLA matrix with water-soluble PVOH. Carbon dioxide (CO(2)) at the supercritical state is used to serve as a plasticizer, thereby imparting moldability of blends even with an ultra high salt particulate content, and allows the use of low processing temperatures, which are desirable for temperature-sensitive biodegradable polymers. Interconnected pores of approximately 200 microm in diameter and porosities of approximately 75% are reported and discussed.
Hückel Molecular Orbital Calculations for Some Antimalarial Drugs and Related Molecules (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHückel Molecular Orbital Calculations for Some Antimalarial Drugs and Related MoleculesJudith A. Singer and William P. PurcellCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1967, 10, 5, 754–762Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jm00317a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00317a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views108Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ein neuer Stern am Antibiotikahimmel — Daptomycin (2004)

Abstract In den letzten Jahren hat bei nosokomonialen Infektionen eine Verschiebung zu gram‐positiven Bakterien stattgefunden. Außerdem wird im Krankenhaus zunehmend eine Resistenz gegen Penicilline, z. B. M ethicillin‐ r esistente S taphylococcus a ureus (MRSA), festgestellt.
Proximity effects in superconducting wire bonding (1993)

To investigate the superconducting characteristics of a superconducting wire bonding connection, a series of Nb electrodes consisting of an Au pad formed on a Si chip were made, and the pads were connected in series with a superconducting wire (Pb/sub 76/In/sub 20/Au/sub 4/). The I-V characteristics of the superconducting connection reflect the typical characteristics of a superconductor-normal-metal-superconductor (SNS) sandwich structure, with normal resistance on the order of mu Omega when a critical current (I/sub c/) level is exceeded. The dependence of I/sub c/ on the thickness of Au is an exponential decrement, and I/sub c/ is over a hundred mA when the Au thickness is between 20 nm and 230 nm. Auger analysis is applied to obtain the depth profile of the bonded part, revealing mutual Au and In atomic diffusion at the interface between the Au intermediate layer and the PbInAu wire.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cooperative Positive Orthogonal Code-Based Forwarding for Multi-Hop Vehicular Networks (2014)

Reliable multi-hop forwarding in vehicular networks is required by many critical intelligent transportation system (ITS) safety applications. Cooperative vehicular multi-hop schemes achieve reliability using broadcast transmissions and multiple forwarding relays at each hop. However, packet duplication must be controlled to circumvent the broadcast storm problem. This paper presents the cooperative POC-based forwarding (CPF) protocol for highway vehicular networks, which extends the repetition-based POC-MAC protocol for multi-hop transmissions. At each forwarding hop, multiple cooperating relays form a virtual relay and schedule their transmissions to correspond to a single POC codeword, thereby adhering to the POC-MAC. CPF exploits spatial diversity while mitigating the effect of hidden terminals. By allocating separate POC-based schedules for multi-hop packets and the periodic broadcast of safety heartbeat packets, the CPF protocol reduces the interference between the two. The performance of the CPF protocol is studied through analysis using a Markov model and through ns-2 simulations.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Reactivity, and Magnetochemistry of a Series of Binuclear Complexes of Manganese(II), ‐(III), and ‐(IV) of Biological Relevance. The Crystal Structure of (L′Mn(IV)(μ‐O)3Mn(IV)L′)(PF6)2·H2O Containing an Unprecedented Short Mn···Mn Distance of 2.296 Å. (1989)

Abstract The binuclear Mn(III) complexes (I) and (VI) from Mn(III) acetate, sodium acetate, and the corresponding cyclic triamine undergo disproportionation reactions in aqueous solution under anaerobic conditions producing a variety of novel binuclear Mn(III),Mn(IV) and Mn(IV),Mn(IV) dimers such as (II), (IV), (VII), and (VIII).
Graphitic carbon nitride nano sheets functionalized with selected transition metal dopants: an efficient way to store CO<sub>2</sub> (2018)

Proficient capture of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) is considered to be a backbone for environment protection through countering the climate change caused by mounting carbon content. Here we present a comprehensive mechanism to design novel functional nanostructures capable of capturing a large amount of CO<sub>2</sub> efficiently. By means of van der Waals corrected density functional theory calculations, we have studied the structural, electronic and CO<sub>2</sub> storage properties of carbon nitride (g-C<sub>6</sub>N<sub>8</sub>) nano sheets functionalized with a range of transition metal (TM) dopants ranging from Sc to Zn. The considered TMs bind strongly to the nano sheets with binding energies exceeding their respective cohesive energies, thus abolishing the possibility of metal cluster formation. Uniformly dispersed TMs change the electronic properties of semiconducting g-C<sub>6</sub>N<sub>8</sub> through the transfer of valence charges from the former to the latter. This leaves all the TM dopants with significant positive charges, which are beneficial for CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption. We have found that each TM's dopants anchor a maximum of four CO<sub>2</sub> molecules with suitable adsorption energies (-0.15 to -1.0 eV) for ambient condition applications. Thus g-C<sub>6</sub>N<sub>8</sub> nano sheets functionalized with selected TMs could serve as an ideal sorbent for CO<sub>2</sub> capture.
Dynamic response of a nematic liquid crystal in silica aerogel in an external electric field (1998)

The change in optical transmittivity of the nematic-aerogel system in an alternating external electric field was investigated near the nematic-isotropic phase transition. We observed a slow, glasslike dynamical reorientation process that is probably correlated over many pores. The magnitude of the change in the transmittivity can be explained by the model of Bellini et al.
Development of grating-based x-ray Talbot interferometry at the advanced photon source (2012)

We report on the ongoing effort to develop hard x-ray Talbot interferometry at the Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory, USA. We describe the design of the interferometer and preliminary results obtained at 25 keV using a feather and a phantom sample lithographically fabricated of gold. We mention the future developmental goals and applications of this technique as a metrology tool for x-ray optics and beam wavefront characterization. © 2012 American Institute of Physics.