gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of Noble Gases on H-Mordenite (2002)

Release of nuclear off-gas that contains various radioactive components to the environment could jeopardize public health and safety. Therefore a screening test was carried out to find suitable adsorbents for the removal of the radioactive noble gases from the reprocessing off-gas. The adsorption capacities of various adsorbents for Kr and Xe were investigated. Carbon based adsorbents such as Ambersorb 572, Merck, Ryujou-Shirasagi G2x4/6-3 and Molsievon X2M4/6 were found to have large adsorption capacities. The H-mordenite, a non-carbon based adsorbent prepared from natural mordenite by ion exchange with a HCl solution, demonstrated a large adsorption capacity for Kr almost comparable to that of activated charcoal. Since non-carbon based adsorbents have a very important feature, that is they are not susceptible to fire hazards, the adsorption equilibria of Kr and Xe on the H-mordenite adsorbent were more thoroughly studied. The adsorption experiments on the H-mordenite were conducted in the temperature range of 77 K to 353 K using a packed bed column. The adsorption isotherms obtained for the H-mordenite were successfully correlated with the vacancy solution model over wide partial pressure and temperature ranges.
Calcium translocation by Golgi and lateral-basal membrane vesicles from rat intestine: decrease in vitamin D-deficient rats. (1977)

Intestinal Ca2+ transport was studied in membrane vesicles isolated from microvillus, Golgi, and lateral-basal membrane preparations. Ca2+ uptake by these vesicles was measured by determination of 45Ca2+ associated with these membranes after collection by micropore filtration. Golgi membranes showed the highest initial rate and equilibration level of Ca2+ uptake. Approximately 90% of this Ca2+ uptake was into an osmotically responsive space, suggesting that what was measured was predominantly Ca2+ translocation. Vitamin D-deficient rats showed a markedly diminished rate of uptake and level of equilibration. These data indicate that a Ca2+-translocating process was associated with Golgi membranes to a greater extent than with surface membranes and that this process was markedly decreased in vitamin D-deficient rats. The results suggest that the Golgi apparatus participates in intestinal Ca2+ absorption.
Process models for the high-speed navigation of road vehicles (2002)

A nonlinear process model for the navigation of a high-speed conventional road vehicle is described. In simulations it is shown to significantly reduce the errors in estimating of vehicle position and orientation. The model also performs limited online estimation of certain critical tyre parameters such as mean radius and stiffness.
ChemInform Abstract: IMIDODIPHOSPHORIC ACID ESTERS (1977)

Abstract Imidodiphosphoryltetrachlorid (I) reagiert mit Alkanolen wie Methanol, Äthanol und Propanol zu den Tetraalkylestern (IIa) und mit Na‐phenolat zum Tetraphenylester(IIb) der Imidodiphosphorsäure.
Anomalies in the Nuclear Dissociation Cross Sections of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>208</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow><mml:mi>Pb</mml:mi></mml:math>at 33 TeV (1997)

We have measured total nuclear disintegration cross sections for ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ ions at 33 TeV $(160\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{GeV}A)$ colliding with C, Si, Cu, Sn, and Pb. Using well established theory, we calculate the nuclear electromagnetic, electron electromagnetic, and the hadronic contributions and find that their sum underestimates the measured cross sections. An additive correction term linear in target ${Z}_{T}$ (i.e., ${120Z}_{T}\mathrm{mb}$) is necessary to bring agreement between theory and experiment. The source of this additional term is unknown.
Aggregation of Cateslytin β-Sheets on Negatively Charged Lipids Promotes Rigid Membrane Domains. A New Mode of Action for Antimicrobial Peptides? (2008)

Cateslytin, a positively charged (5+) arginine-rich antimicrobial peptide (bCgA, RSMRLSFRARGYGFR), was chemically synthesized and studied against membranes that mimic bacterial or mammalian systems. Circular dichroism, polarized attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy, (1)H high-resolution MAS NMR, and (2)H and (31)P solid state NMR were used to follow the interaction from peptide and membrane points of view. Cateslytin, which is unstructured in solution, is converted into antiparallel beta-sheets that aggregate mainly flat at the surface of negatively charged bacterial mimetic membranes. Arginine residues are involved in the binding to negatively charged lipids. Following the interaction of the cateslytin peptide, rigid and thicker membrane domains enriched in negatively charged lipids are found. Much less interaction is detected with neutral mammalian model membranes, as reflected by only minor percentages of beta-sheets or helices in the peptide secondary structure. No membrane destruction was detected for both bacterial and mammalian model membranes. A molecular model is proposed in which zones of different rigidity and thickness bring about phase boundary defects that ultimately lead to permeability induction and peptide crossing through bacterial membranes.
β-<scp>d</scp>-Fucosidase in the Limpet, <i>Patella vulgata</i> (1963)

Research Article| April 01 1963 β-d-Fucosidase in the Limpet, Patella vulgata GA LEVVY; GA LEVVY Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar A McALLAN A McALLAN Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Author and article information Publisher: Portland Press Ltd © 1963 The Biochemical Society1963 Biochem J (1963) 87 (1): 206–209. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0870206 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation GA LEVVY, A McALLAN; β-d-Fucosidase in the Limpet, Patella vulgata. Biochem J 1 April 1963; 87 (1): 206–209. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0870206 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1963 The Biochemical Society1963 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Semiconductor-Amplified WDM-POLSK Systems (2006)

We exploit the constant envelope of POLSK format to transmit 8×10 Gb/s WDM signals using SOA-based amplification. In short and medium reach systems encompassing NZDFs, amplifier span values higher than 115 km are demonstrated.
Radiolabeling of Angiotensin Peptides (2003)

The use of radioiodinated angiotensins has contributed greatly to our knowledge of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). This chapter provides brief descriptions of the application of radioiodinated angiotensins and other radioiodinated compounds to study the RAS and the issues that must be considered when using radioiodinated angiotensins. In addition, this chapter provides a detailed description of a method for the preparation and purification of both iodine125 (125I) and iodine127 (127I)-labeled angiotensin-related ligands.
Development of a Model-Based Safety Analysis Technique from the ETF Flight Simulator (2008)

This paper introduces a simple and innovative method to develop a functional model by extrapolating the information from the traditional dynamic model implemented in Simulink®. This method is extremely reliable and can represent a very useful tool for a preliminary reliability and safety analysis, as the analysts do not need to enter into the system logic to perform a classic FTA or FMEA analysis. Dynamic and functional analyses can be performed on the same model-based programming environment, where specifications can be traced interactively. Architectural defects can be detected and corrected well before the prototypal phase, making the whole process time and cost-effective.
Use of hydrated reversed micelles of surfactant in organic solvent for stabilization of individual oligomeric forms of uridine phosphorylase from Escherichia coli K-12. (1997)

The catalytic activity of uridine phosphorylase from Escherichia coli K-12 entrapped in hydrated reversed micelles of aerosol OT (AOT) in octane has been studied as a function of the degree of hydration of the micelles. It was shown that the catalytic activity of uridine phosphorylase reached maximum values at [H2O/[AOT] ratios equal to 8.4, 12.9, 16.1 and 18.6. Based on the sedimentation data the conclusion has been made that the maxima of the catalytic activity correspond to the monomeric, dimeric, trimeric and tetrameric forms of the enzyme. The measurements of the rate of the enzymatic reaction catalyzed by uridine phosphorylase entrapped in hydrated reversed micelles at various concentrations of AOT indicate that the monomeric enzyme form, in contrast to the trimeric and tetrameric forms, exhibits the membranotropic properties.
More Productive Than Maize in the Midwest: How Does Miscanthus Do It?   (2009)

In the first side-by-side large-scale trials of these two C(4) crops in the U.S. Corn Belt, Miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus) was 59% more productive than grain maize (Zea mays). Total productivity is the product of the total solar radiation incident per unit land area and the efficiencies of light interception (epsilon(i)) and its conversion into aboveground biomass (epsilon(ca)). Averaged over two growing seasons, epsilon(ca) did not differ, but epsilon(i) was 61% higher for Miscanthus, which developed a leaf canopy earlier and maintained it later. The diurnal course of photosynthesis was measured on sunlit and shaded leaves of each species on 26 dates. The daily integral of leaf-level photosynthetic CO(2) uptake differed slightly when integrated across two growing seasons but was up to 60% higher in maize in mid-summer. The average leaf area of Miscanthus was double that of maize, with the result that calculated canopy photosynthesis was 44% higher in Miscanthus, corresponding closely to the biomass differences. To determine the basis of differences in mid-season leaf photosynthesis, light and CO(2) responses were analyzed to determine in vivo biochemical limitations. Maize had a higher maximum velocity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylation, velocity of phosphoenolpyruvate regeneration, light saturated rate of photosynthesis, and higher maximum quantum efficiency of CO(2) assimilation. These biochemical differences, however, were more than offset by the larger leaf area and its longer duration in Miscanthus. The results indicate that the full potential of C(4) photosynthetic productivity is not achieved by modern temperate maize cultivars.
Btu-Meter Technology Review, Phase 2. Final report, January 1991-June 1992 (1992)

Centralized gas-fired boilers and chillers represent a cost-effective means for heating and cooling multi-family apartment buildings. It is, however, desirable to have an equitable method for metering and allocating the energy costs to the individual occupants. Therefore, the study was undertaken for the Gas Research Institute to evaluate the current technology status of available thermal Btu meters for individual metering. The previous Phase I study measured the accuracies and operating characteristics of both new and used Btu meters and their individual components. Also, several European companies were visited to review their experiences with Btu meters. The Phase II study evaluated the flow control features of one type of constant flow device, and also reviewed the literature to find methods of preventing magnetite formation in these hydronic systems. The constant flow devices gave very accurate flow control over their design operating range of pressure differentials, and thus could be used with Btu meters instead of conventional-type flow meters that exhibit larger errors and are prone to magnetite fouling problems. The study of magnetite fouling and prevention indicates that a properly buffered and inhibited hydronic water loop should form very little corrosion products. Another solution would be to use an all-copper boilermore » and hydronic system. Also, nonintrusive-type flow meters that do not use magnetic couplings or pickups would minimize the effects of magnetite buildup.« less
Erratum: ‘‘Acoustic microscopy of materials and surface layers’’ [J. Appl. Phys. <b>5</b> <b>5</b>, 3261 (1984)] (1986)

First Page
<title>Detection of cracks under cladding using magneto-optic imaging and rotating in-plane magnetization</title> (1996)

Conventional nondestructive inspection (NDI) of steel components, using magnetic particle, flux-leakage or near surface ultrasonic methods, is rendered difficult by the presence of protective coatings such as paint or stainless- steel cladding. Thick-section nuclear reactor pressure vessels (RPVs), having as-welded cladding up to 0.25 inches thick are a case in point. Here, magnetic particle techniques do not work and ultrasonic techniques are difficult to apply because of cladding roughens and variable elastic properties in the cladding and the weld interface. An NDI technique that is essentially unaffected by standard thicknesses of protective coatings would be a major advance. Magneto-optic imaging is one such technique. While conventional magneto-optic/eddy current imagers (MOIs) are a proven technology in the NDI of nonferromagnetic conductors, they do not possess a self-contained method for magnetizing steel. The purpose of this work was to develop methods for producing rotating, in-plane magnetization and then combine this technology with magneto-optic imaging to produce a self-contained instrument capable of real-time imaging of cracks in steel through protective coatings. We successfully demonstrated rotating in-plane magnetization using special 'quadrature' magnetic-yokes designed to accommodate both flat and cylindrical steel surfaces. The yokes were attached one at a time, to an MOI of reduced size, and the combined system was placed on a sample of the appropriate curvature containing cracks. A two-channel power amplifier was used to drive the yoke coils in quadrature. The resulting crack images were found to be much less sensitive to liftoff than conventional magnetic particle or flux-leakage NDI. In particular, cracks in steel were successfully imaged through 0.125 inches of stainless-steel cladding, making it likely that images of cracks in steel under even thicker cladding should be possible after further development of the technology. Unlike conventional magnetic particle or flux- leakage NDI, where crack orientation is important, rotating in-plane magnetization renders crack orientation irrelevant. Finally, because of these successes, the new NDI technology for steel should find many important applications.
[Knee imaging: what is the best modality]. (2001)

A wide range of exams are available for imaging the knee: standard radiography, ultrasound, bone scintigraphy, CT scan, arthroscan, MRI, arthro-MRI. The radiologist must be aware of the performance capacities of each technique in order to orient the clinician's choice towards the most appropriate exam in a given clinical situation. In the first part of this paper, we examine the performances, advantages and disadvantages of each technique: exam conditions (patient position, incidence, slice thickness, sequence.) are detailed as required. The second part is a practical guide for some typical clinical situations with decision trees for ordering necessary and sufficient explorations.
Thermal Barrier Coating for Cryogenic Rocket Engines (2002)

This paper summerizes the last three years of research and development of thermal barrier coating (TBC) at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) for applications in cryogenic liquid rocket engines. Preliminary screening tests of different sub-layers and coating techniques were performed at low pressure conditions (< 1 MPa). The purpose of these tests was to identify the most suitable combination of thermal barrier coating technique and bonding layer structure. Coatings which had successfully passed this first screening phase were then qualified further in a second test campaign, in which samples of the coated elements underwent cyclic testing by subsequent exposure into baths of boiling nitrogen and water in order to check their stability against temperature shocks at cryogenic temperatures. Having passed this second screening test campaign, the best combination of thermal barrier coating and bonding layer was further tested using a sub-scale combustion chamber at pressures (10 MPa) and temperatures similar to real rocket engines. While a first series was performed with water as the coolant medium, a second test camping utilizing liquid hydrogen was employed for the final qualification of the technique.
A Spectroscopic Study of Calcium Surface Sites and Adsorbed Iron Species at Aqueous Fluorapatite by Means of <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>31</sup>P MAS NMR (2006)

Assignments of the protolytic speciation at the calcium hydroxyl surface sites of synthetic fluorapatite and the chemical interactions between fluorapatite-maghemite and fluorapatite-Fe2+ ions have been studied by means of 1H and 31P single-pulse and 31P CP MAS NMR. Three possible forms of calcium hydroxyl surface sites have been suggested and assigned to [triple bond] CaOH, [triple bond]Ca(OH)2-, and [triple bond]CaOH2+, and their mutual ratios were found to vary as a function of pH. Due to their paramagnetic properties, iron species and Fe2+ ions adsorbed at the fluorapatite surface display a broad spinning sideband manifold in the single-pulse 31P MAS NMR spectra. The resonance lines in the 31P CP MAS NMR spectra originating from the bulk phosphate groups PO4(3-) and phosphorus surface sites [triple bond]POx and [triple bond]POxH decrease with increasing Fe2+ ion adsorption. When iron species originating from maghemite are adsorbed at the fluorapatite surface, no 31P NMR signal is detected, which supports the hypothesis that surface reactions occur between the phosphorus surface sites of fluorapatite and iron species.
p-type doping efficiency in CdTe: Influence of second phase formation (2018)

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) high purity, bulk, crystal ingots doped with phosphorus were grown by the vertical Bridgman melt growth technique to understand and improve dopant solubility and activation. Large net carrier densities have been reproducibly obtained from as-grown ingots, indicating successful incorporation of dopants into the lattice. However, net carrier density values are orders of magnitude lower than the solubility of P in CdTe as reported in literature, 10<sup>18</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup> to 10<sup>19</sup>/cm<sup>3</sup> [J. H. Greenberg, J. Cryst. Growth <b>161</b>, 1-11 (1996) and R. B. Hall and H. H. Woodbury, J. Appl. Phys. <b>39</b>(12), 5361-5365 (1968)], despite comparable starting charge dopant densities. Growth conditions, such as melt stoichiometry and post growth cooling, are shown to have significant impacts on dopant solubility. This study demonstrates that a significant portion of the dopant becomes incorporated into second phase defects as compounds of cadmium and phosphorous, such as cadmium phosphide, which inhibits dopant incorporation into the lattice and limits maximum attainable net carrier density in bulk crystals. Here, we present an extensive study on the characteristics of these second phase defects in relation to their composition and formation kinetics while providing a pathway to minimize their formation and enhance solubility.
Trityl-Aryl-Nitroxide-Based Genuinely <i>g</i>-Engineered Biradicals, As Studied by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization, Multifrequency ESR/ENDOR, Arbitrary Wave Generator Pulse Microwave Waveform Spectroscopy, and Quantum Chemical Calculations (2019)

Trityl and nitroxide radicals are connected by π-topologically controlled aryl linkers, generating genuinely <i>g</i>-engineered biradicals. They serve as a typical model for biradicals in which the exchange (<i>J</i>) and hyperfine interactions compete with the <i>g</i>-difference electronic Zeeman interactions. The magnetic properties underlying the biradical spin Hamiltonian for solution, including <i>J</i>'s, have been determined by multifrequency CW-ESR and <sup>1</sup>H ENDOR spectroscopy and compared with those obtained by quantum chemical calculations. The experimental <i>J</i> values were in good agreement with the quantum chemical calculations. The <i>g</i>-engineered biradicals have been tested as a prototype for AWG (Arbitrary Wave Generator)-based spin manipulation techniques, which enable GRAPE (GRAdient Pulse Engineering) microwave control of spins in molecular magnetic resonance spectroscopy for use in molecular spin quantum computers, demonstrating efficient signal enhancement of specific weakened hyperfine signals. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) effects of the biradicals for 400 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance signal enhancement have been examined, giving efficiency factors of 30 for <sup>1</sup>H and 27.8 for <sup>13</sup>C nuclei. The marked DNP results show the feasibility of these biradicals for hyperpolarization.
Applicability conditions of the Kubelka–Munk theory (1997)

The description of optical properties of light-scattering materials has made extensive use of radiative transfer models. One of the most successful and simplest models is that of Kubelka and Munk (KM). With this model, optical properties of particulate films under diffuse illumination can be predicted from effective absorption and scattering coefficients of the material. We consider the applicability conditions of this kind of model. An extended KM model for the case of perpendicular collimated illumination is compared with results from a more general four-flux approach, and the differences between them are characterized in terms of a correction factor that depends on particle scattering and absorption, concentration of the scatterers, and film thickness. It is proved formally that the extended KM model under perpendicular illumination is a good approximation for the cases of optically thick films that contain weakly or nonabsorbing particles.