gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modern Digital and Analog Communications Systems (1983)

This user-friendly and highly readable book presents the basic and intermediate level treatment of modern digital and analog communication systems. The basics of communication systems without using probabilistic concepts are introduced first. With this solid base, the students are ready to master the probabilistic concepts introduced in later chapters. The great strength of the book is in its superb pedagogical style. The book consistenly does an excellent job of explaining difficult concepts clearly, using prose as well as mathematics. Every effort is made to give an intuitive insight-rather than just proofs- as well as heuristic explanations of theoretical results, wherever possible. The clear explanations, the well-chosen examples tp clarify the abstract mathematical results, and excellent illustrations make this text highly informative and easily accessible to an average student. One of the aims in writing this text has been to make learning a pleasant or at least a less intimidating experience for the student by presenting the subject in a clear, understandable, and logically organized manner.
Coercivity of Ti-modified (α-Fe)-Nd2Fe14B nanocrystalline alloys (1994)

Coercivity of Ti-modified nanocrystalline (α-Fe)-Nd2Fe14B alloys with soft iron particles embedded in hard Nd2Fe14B matrix was studied. The alloys were prepared by melt spinning and annealing. The grain size of Nd2Fe14B is from 20 to 60 nm, while that of the soft iron particles is 11 to 30 nm. The coercivity of the annealed flakes decreased dramatically with increasing particle size of free iron, following the same tendency of a theoretical calculation by Schrefl et al. For the Ti-alloyed flakes, the 1 at. % Ti-containing ones show the highest coercivity of 11.1 kOe. Its (BH)m value is about 16 MGOe despite lower Nd and B contents than stoichiometric Nd2Fe14B. More Ti addition would deteriorate the coercivity.
Visual compatibility of amiodarone hydrochloride injection with other injectable drugs (1984)

Journal Article Visual compatibility of amiodarone hydrochloride injection with other injectable drugs Get access Guy R. Hasegawa, Pharm. D., Guy R. Hasegawa, Pharm. D. Clinical Pharmacist and Clinical Assistant Professor St. Joseph Mercy Hospital and College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Address reprint requests to Dr. Hasegawa at the Department of Pharmaceutical Services, St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, P.O. Box 995, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar James F. Eder James F. Eder Staff Pharmacist and Clinical Instructor St. Joseph Mercy Hospital and College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, Volume 41, Issue 7, 1 July 1984, Pages 1379–1380, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/41.7.1379 Published: 01 July 1984
A simple synthesis of 8‐(trifluoromethyl)‐2,3,5,6,11,12,14,15‐octahydro‐1<i>H</i>,4<i>H</i>,10<i>H</i>, 13<i>H</i>‐diquinolizino[9,9a,1‐<i>bc</i>:9′,9a',1‐<i>hi</i>] xanthylium perchlorate, an efficient dye (1977)

Abstract A one‐step procedure is described for the preparation of the title compound I, an efficient laser dye operating in the red region.
Chromatographische Brennwert-/Heizwert-Ermittlung von Gasen: Brennwertermittlung von Gasen mittels Prozess-Gaschromatographie (1988)

Le chromatographe Optichrom Advance pour l'analyse de gaz naturels L et H. Enregistrement des donnees, etalonnage; comparaison avec le calorimetre Cutler-Hammer
AN AUDIO CODING ALGORITHM BASED ON WAVELET PACKET AND PSYCHOACOUSTIC MODEL (2000)

A novel audio coding algorithm suitable for real time multimedia applications is presented in this paper. Firstly, audio signals are decomposed based on wavelet packet using this algorithm, and then the masking threshold is calculated in wavelet domain. Finally, according to the signal-mask ratio obtained with psychoacoustic model, dynamic bits allocation, quantization, and encoding to the wavelet coefficients of each subband are performed. The experimental results indicate that when compact disc audio is compressed to 64 Kbps utilizing this algorithm, the segmentation signal-noise ratio of the recovery signal is 32.32 dB and with virtually no perceptual degradation in sound quality. Computation of this algorithm is simple and real time encoding can be performed in the Pentium 133 MHz computer with no resort to an expensive and dedicated hardware.
Lipid hydroperoxide measurement by oxidation of Fe<sup>2+</sup> in the presence of xylenol orange. Comparison with the TBA assay and an iodometric method (1991)

Study of the role of hydroperoxides and lipid peroxidation in disease requires simple and sensitive methods for direct hydroperoxide measurement. We report on a technique for measuring hydroperoxide which relies upon the rapid hydroperoxide-mediated oxidation of Fe2+ under acidic conditions. Fe3+ forms a chromophore with xylenol orange which absorbs strongly at 560 nm, yielding an apparent E560 (for H2O2, butyl hydroperoxide and cumene hydroperoxide) of 4.3 X 10(4) M-1 cm-1. The assay was validated in a study of liposomal lipid peroxidation and shown to give results comparable with those obtained by an iodometric method or by measuring conjugated dienes. The assay involving thiobarbituric acid, by comparison, underestimates lipid peroxidation and does not measure hydroperoxide per se.
The possibility of intrinsic local curvature in DNA toroids (1981)

Abstract A variety of solution conditions are known to induce collapse of linear DNA into a compact configuration without dramatic change of local structure. When visualized, these compact forms frequently have a toroidal appearance. We ask whether the molecular basis of the toroidal shape can be a stable curvature of isolated rodlike DNA segments. Application of the classical Euler‐Lagrange theory for the buckling of elastic rods provides us with an affirmative answer. Specifically, we see that, in principle, sufficient addition of inert polymer to DNA solutions can induce buckling of DNA segments. However, no attempt is made to quantitate the Euler‐Lagrange condition for sufficiency in terms of added polymer concentration. We find also that complete neutralization of the phosphate charge is more than sufficient to induce buckling of DNA segments of length comparable to a Kuhn segment. The quantitative argument involves comparison of buckling forces provided by polyelectrolyte theory with the Euler‐Lagrange criterion. Knowledge of the ionic‐strength dependence of DNA bending stiffness (persistence length) is not required.
A Low Complexity Heuristic for Design of Custom Network-on-Chip Architectures (2006)

Network-on-chip (NoC) has been proposed to replace traditional bus based architectures to address the global communication challenges in nanoscale technologies. In future SoC architectures, minimizing power consumption continue to be an important design goal. In this paper, we present a novel heuristic technique consisting of system-level physical design, and interconnection network generation that generates custom low power NoC architectures for application specific SoC. We demonstrate the quality of the solutions produced by our technique by experimentation with many benchmarks. Our technique has a low computational complexity, and consumes only 1.25 times the power consumption, and 0.85 times the number of router resources compared to an optimal MILP based technique whose computational complexity is not bounded
Clinical trial of bretylium tosylate (darenthin) in hypertension. (1960)

It is clear from this limited personal experience and from the published work of others that bretylium tosylate, a drug with a pure adrenergic blockade action, may be very useful in the treatment of certain cases of hypertension. The drug is by no means free of disabling side effects and should be reserved for the more serious cases. Physicians who propose to use the drug should acquaint themselves with its side effects and limitations. Its effect on pregnancy requires further study,.
When two ends meet: professionals and users of ICT (2014)

The premise of this paper is: not only the professionals but also ordinary people should be responsible to the development of information and communication technology (ICT). Hence the roles in the ICT environment were analysed in this paper firstly, then some comments on the virtue and fault of ICT, and the effects of standards, regulations and ethical codes in ICT profession were discussed. Next, ethical thoughts in ancient works appeared at nearly the same time of both China and Western were illustrated. In the end, a summary of our exploring that the influence of ordinary people on ICT should be paid more attention was made. Methods used in this study to discover these issues were literature review, identification of case studies, and a deduction of statements. The aim of the study was to identify ways to better design and right use of ICT in today's ultra-modern virtual worlds, as well as to secure a safer life and promote ways of harmonious society.
The role of BRCA1 in homologous recombination repair in response to replication stress: significance in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy (2013)

Germ line mutations in breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1) predispose women to breast and ovarian cancers. Although BRCA1 is involved in many important biological processes, the function of BRCA1 in homologous recombination (HR) mediated repair is considered one of the major mechanisms contributing to its tumor suppression activity, and the cause of hypersensitivity to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors when BRCA1 is defective. Mounting evidence suggests that the mechanism of repairing DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) by HR is different than the mechanism operating when DNA replication is blocked. Although BRCA1 has been recognized as a central component in HR, the precise role of BRCA1 in HR, particularly under replication stress, has remained largely unknown. Given the fact that DNA lesions caused by replication blockages are the primary substrates for HR in mitotic cells, functional analysis of BRCA1 in HR repair in the context of replication stress should benefit our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis associated with BRCA1 deficiencies, as well as the development of therapeutic approaches for cancer patients carrying BRCA1 mutations or reduced BRCA1 expression. This review focuses on the current advances in this setting and also discusses the significance in tumorigenesis and cancer therapy.
Mean Normal Portal Vein Diameter Using Sonography among Clients Coming to Radiology Department of Jimma University Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia (2016)

The study revealed a normal mean portal vein diameter ranging below 13 mm. Hence, decisions made in clinical settings should base on these findings. Besides, there is a need for large scale study to determine portal vein diameter variation by age and sex, controlling other confounders.
A study on fungicides potential and incidence of sheath rot of rice caused by Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) (2013)

Sheath rot, Sarocdadium oryzae (Sawada) Gams. and Hawksw., has recently become a serious disease of rice when climatic conditions are unfavorable during flag sheath development. In this study systemic and nonsystemic fungicides were tested against S. oryzae. Maximum inhibition of radial growth (76.53%) was recorded at 10.0ppm of tebuconazole fungicides. In non-systemic fungicides, maximum inhibition of radial growth (78.86%) was recorded at 200.0ppm. Comparative efficacy of fungicides on sheath rot was tested during Kharif 2008-2009. Foliar spray of tebuconazole was found superior overall other treatments giving reduction in disease severity (59.01-64.33%), which was followed by followed by carbendazim (48.70-55.28%), and also increased grain yield per plant (45.06-65.84%), grain yield per plot (45.57-65.85%), 1000-grains weight (10.80-52.58%) and reduction in chaffiness (48.07-53.80%). Among non-systemic fungicides chorothalonil was found best in managing sheath rot, giving reduction in disease severity (35.68-38.85%), and also increased grain yield per plant (24.78-44.74%), grain yield per plot (24.52-44.57%), 1000-grains weight (4.25-35.47%) and reduction in chaffiness (15.74-45.96%) as compared to check. Another field experiment was conducted during Kharif 2009-10 to observe sheath rot incidence on rice cultivars in Tarai region. The incidence was recorded in thirty three varieties; only varieties (Type-3 and Basmati-370) were recorded as free from disease symptoms.
Influence of Glove Type on Mobility Performance for Wheelchair Rugby Players (2009)

It may be concluded that participants' current gloves that have been modified for the specific demands of wheelchair rugby are more effective for aspects of mobility performance than other glove types.
Sleep deprivation and obesity in adults: a brief narrative review (2018)

There may be a link between obesity and sleep deprivation. We recommend further investigations are to elucidate the potential mechanisms.
The Application of Activity Theory to Dynamic Workflow Adaptation Issues (2003)

Abstract. Workflow Management Systems (WfMSs) are implemented to support the modelling, analysis and enactment of rigidly structured business processes. However, they typically have difficulty supporting unexpected or developmental change occurring in the work practices they model, and are unable to provide adequate support for exceptions, or deviations from the process model, even though such deviations are a common occurrence for almost all processes. These limitations mean a large subset of business practices do not easily translate to the inflexible modelling frameworks imposed by WfMSs, and so has inhibited their wider acceptance. Workflow modelling frameworks are usually based on software programming principles and proprietary formats, which may not be the most ideal base for the support of flexible work practices. A better approach may be to develop a WfMS based on accepted ideas of how people actually work. This paper derives a set of principles for work practice from a sound theoretical base called Activity Theory. These grounded principles are then applied to a set of criteria that a WfMS must meet if it is to provide adequate support for flexible work methods. Commercial workflow products, and some research trends, are discussed in relation to the criteria specified. 1
Improving Diversity in Evolutionary Algorithms: New Best Solutions for Frequency Assignment (2016)

Metaheuristics have yielded very promising results for the frequency assignment problem (FAP). However, the results obtainable using currently published methods are far from ideal in complex, large-scale instances. This paper applies and extends some of the most recent advances in evolutionary algorithms to two common variants of the FAP, and shows how, in traditional techniques, two common issues affect their performance: 1) premature convergence and 2) the way in which neutral networks are handled. A recent replacement-based diversity management strategy is successfully applied to alleviate the premature convergence drawback. Additionally, by properly defining a distance metric, the performance in the presence of neutrality can also be greatly improved. The replacement strategy combines the principle of transforming a single-objective problem into a multiobjective one by considering diversity as an additional objective, with the idea of adapting the balance induced between exploration and exploitation to the requirements of the different optimization stages. Tests with 44 publicly available instances yield very competitive results. New best-known frequency plans were generated for 11 instances, whereas in the remaining ones the best-known solutions were replicated. Comparisons with a large number of strategies designed to delay convergence of the population clearly show the advantages of our novel proposals.
Ruthenium(<scp>ii</scp>) complexes with dppz: from molecular photoswitch to biological applications (2016)

The DNA photoswitch [Ru(bpy)2dppz](2+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) has attracted much attention and become a powerful tool for studying the interaction of metal polypyridyl complexes with DNA. A large number of Ru-dppz complexes have been designed for a wide range of uses in many fields. In this perspective, we first introduce the latest results of Ru-dppz complexes that bind with DNA. The mechanisms of the light-switch effect and the structural modifications of Ru-dppz systems are also briefly introduced. We also review the recent advances in biological applications of the Ru-dppz system in DNA binders, cellular imaging, anticancer drugs, protein aggregation detection and chemosensors.
Secure Authentication using Zero Knowledge Proof (2021)

Zero- Knowledge Proof is a cryptographic protocol exercised to render privacy and data security by securing the identity of users and using services anonymously. It finds numerous applications; authentication is one of them. A Zero-Knowledge Proof-based authentication system is discussed in this paper. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Secure Remote Password (SRP) protocol have been used to design and build the ZKP based authentication system. SRP is a broadly used Password Authenticated Key Exchange (PAKE) protocol. The proposed method overcomes several drawbacks of traditional and commonly used authentication systems such as a simple username and plaintext password-based system, multi-factor authentication system and others.
Neutron-Bombardment Damage in Silicon (1958)

Neutron-bombardment damage in silicon is compared to electron-bombardment effects which have been previously analyzed. A discrete energy level 0.27 ev above the valence band previously ascribed to the acceptor member of a defect pair having a separation greater than 50 A, is found to be produced by both neutrons and electrons. A spectrum of energy levels running from 0.16 ev below the conduction band toward the middle of the gap is ascribed to a defect pair with variable spacing, and related to the discrete level 0.16 ev below the conduction band which was found previously in electron-bombardment of silicon, and there ascribed to a close-spaced pair of defects. Lifetime effects are found to be dominated by levels near the middle of the energy gap, which may be related to the above spectrum. A very rapid decrease in mobility at low temperature is ascribed to bombardment-induced inhomogeneities.
Perspectives for the Liquid Phase Compression Gas Turbine (1967)

The possibility of performing a liquid phase compression in closed cycle gas turbine through the use of particular working fluids is discussed. From the results of calculations carried out for different fluids there is evidence that efficiency of the resulting cycle is considerably higher than that of regenerative Brayton cycles and comparable with that of regenerative Rankine cycles. The working fluid selection is recognized as the major problem in view of practical applications. Available data strongly support the conclusion that fluids meeting the needed requirements, at least for moderate temperature operation, can be found. Nuclear power stations appear to be one of the most promising fields of application of the liquid phase compression cycle.
Basics Of Detection, Recognition And Identification In Electro-Optical Formed Imagery (1973)

Electro-optical sensors can be of significant aid to our law enforcement agencies particularly if their capabilities and limitations are fully understood. In the following, the imaging process is discussed as it applies to the needs and requirements of security, surveillance and law enforcement. Our approach is to associate quantitative signal-to-noise ratios with simple geometric images as developed by electro-optical sensors, to determine the observer's SNR needs through psychophysical experimentation and then, through further psychophysical experimentation, to correlate the detectability of these simple images with the visual discrimination of the images of real objects. The visual discrimination tasks we consider are simple image detection and the higher order tasks of recognition and identification. The concepts developed form a rational basis for the selection of electro-optical equipments which have a reasonable expectation of actually performing a desired function.
Cell Variants Showing Differential Susceptibility to Ultraviolet Light—Induced Transformation (1980)

Six variant clones isolated from a subclone of BALB/3T3-A31 clone were classified into three groups according to their different susceptibilities to cell transformation by ultraviolet light irradiation: highly susceptible, intermediately susceptible, and resistant. All variant clones showed similar susceptibility to cytotoxic effects induced by ultraviolet light.
CONTRAfold: RNA secondary structure prediction without physics-based models (2006)

Source code for CONTRAfold is available at http://contra.stanford.edu/contrafold/.
Scintillating shallow-water waveguides (1996)

An analysis of acoustic wave propagation in a random shallow-water waveguide with an energy absorbing sub-bottom is presented, in which deviations of the index of refraction are a stochastic process. The specific model studied is motivated by the oceanic waveguide in shallow waters, in which the sub-bottom sediment leads to energy loss from the acoustic field, and the stochastic process results from internal (i.e., density) waves. In terms of the normal modes of the waveguide, the randomness leads to mode coupling while the energy loss results from different attenuation rates for the various modes (i.e., mode stripping). The distinction in shallow water is that there exists a competition between the mode-coupling terms, which redistribute the modal energies, and mode stripping, which results in an irreversible loss of energy. Theoretically, averaged equations are formulated for both the modal intensities and fluctuations (the second and fourth moments of acoustic pressure, respectively), similar to previous formulations which, however, did not include the effects of sub-bottom absorption of acoustic energy. The theory developed here predicts that there is a mismatch between decay rates between the second and fourth moments, implying that the scintillation index (which is a measure of the strength of the random scattering) grows exponentially in range. Thus the usual concept of equilibrium or saturated statistics must be modified. This theoretical prediction is generally valid and depends only on assuming the forward scattering approximation, the Markov approximation (i.e., the short-range nature of the correlations between sound-speed fluctuations) and neglecting the cross-modal coherences. In order to assess the importance of these assumptions Monte Carlo simulations of stochastic coupled-mode equations are presented. For these simulations, models of internal-wave processes, deterministic shallow-water acoustic environments, and sub-bottom attenuation that simplify the numerical computation were chosen. While these models are unrealistic they illustrate the theoretically predicted behavior.
China's asylum hypocrisy (2014)

This week China criticised Australia's treatment of asylum seekers. The criticism, raised at a bilateral human rights dialogue, is good politics: China is using Australia's cruel and inhumane asylum policy as diplomatic leverage. Nevertheless, it is astounding hypocrisy from a country that returns refugees to danger, including to North Korea, a state infamous for its widespread violations of human rights.