gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Timing Driven Placement Algorithm for Dependable Circuits on SRAM-based FPGAs (2010)

Electronic systems for safety critical applications such as space and avionics need the maximum level of dependability for guarantee the success of their missions. Simultaneously the computation capabilities required in these fields are constantly increasing for afford the implementation of different kind of applications ranging from signal processing to networking. SRAM-based FPGAs are the candidate devices to achieve this goal thanks to their high versatility of implementing complex circuits with a very short development time. However, in critical environments, the presence of Single Event Upsets (SEUs) affecting the FPGA’s functionalities, requires the adoption of specific fault tolerant techniques, like Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR), able to increase the protection capability against radiation effects, but on the other side, introducing a dramatic penalty in terms of performances. In this paper, it is proposed a new timing-driven placement algorithm for implementing soft-errors resilient circuits on SRAM-based FPGAs with a negligible degradation of performance. The algorithm is based on a placement heuristic able to remove the crossing error domains while decreasing the routing congestions and delay inserted by the TMR routing and voting scheme. Experimental analysis performed by timing analysis and SEU static analysis point out a performance improvement of 29% on the average with respect to standard TMR approach and an increased robustness against SEU affecting the FPGA’s configuration memory. Accurate analyses of SEUs sensitivity and performance optimization have been performed on a real microprocessor core demonstrating an improvement of performances of more than 62%.
Curved junction stabilized filament (CJSF) double-heterostructure injection laser (1978)

We have fabricated a new type of channel stripe laser with a curved active region which has a spatially stabilized output for measurements up to 2ITh (Pout=75 mW/facet). The CJSF laser has excellent lateral and longitudinal mode selectivity. The laser operates in almost single longitudinal mode when the current exceeds 1.1ITh. Zeroth-order lateral mode operation is obtained for currents less than 1.5ITh (Pout=30 mW/facet) and linear power output for measurements up to 2ITh. We attribute the favorable characteristics to the curvature of the grown layers which leads to the stabilization of the lateral modes.
Multiplexed fluorescence lifetime measurements by frequency-sweeping Fourier spectroscopy (2010)

We report simultaneous measurements of fluorescence lifetimes at multiple excitation wavelengths with a Fourier transform frequency domain fluorescence lifetime spectrometer. The spectrometer uses a Michelson interferometer with its differential optical path length scanning at a 22,000 Hz scan rate. The scan speed of the optical delay varies linearly during each scan and creates interference modulations that sweep from -150 to 150 MHz in 45.5 micros. The frequency-sweeping modulation allows nanosecond fluorescence lifetime measurements within 45.5 micros. Because the interference modulation frequency is wavelength dependent, under the Fourier multiplexing principle, the spectrometer can perform lifetime measurements on multiple excitation wavelengths simultaneously.
Planar implementation of the UWB leaky lens antenna (2009)

This paper provides the introduction and a preliminary demonstration of the planar version UWB leaky lens antenna concept via simulated results.
Subtitle Synchronization across Multiple Screens and Devices (2012)

Ambient Intelligence is a new paradigm in which environments are sensitive and responsive to the presence of people. This is having an increasing importance in multimedia applications, which frequently rely on sensors to provide useful information to the user. In this context, multimedia applications must adapt and personalize both content and interfaces in order to reach acceptable levels of context-specific quality of service for the user, and enable the content to be available anywhere and at any time. The next step is to make content available to everybody in order to overcome the existing access barriers to content for users with specific needs, or else to adapt to different platforms, hence making content fully usable and accessible. Appropriate access to video content, for instance, is not always possible due to the technical limitations of traditional video packaging, transmission and presentation. This restricts the flexibility of subtitles and audio-descriptions to be adapted to different devices, contexts and users. New Web standards built around HTML5 enable more featured applications with better adaptation and personalization facilities, and thus would seem more suitable for accessible AmI environments. This work presents a video subtitling system that enables the customization, adaptation and synchronization of subtitles across different devices and multiple screens. The benefits of HTML5 applications for building the solution are analyzed along with their current platform support. Moreover, examples of the use of the application in three different cases are presented. Finally, the user experience of the solution is evaluated.
Lateral Organization of Liquid-Crystalline Cholesterol-Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine Bilayers. Evidence for Domains with Hexagonal and Centered Rectangular Cholesterol Superlattices (1995)

The lateral organization of fluid cholesterol-dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) bilayers was studied by measuring the response of fluorescent membrane probes, dipyrenylphosphatidylcholines (diPyrxPCs) or merocyanine 540, to the variation of cholesterol concentration. Parallel absorbance and light-scattering measurements were also carried out. The excimer-to-monomer ratio of diPyrxPCs displayed abrupt deviations at particular cholesterol mole fractions (CMFs). The most notable of these occurred at CMFs of 0.15, 0.33, and 0.67. Deviations were also frequently observed at CMFs of 0.12, 0.20, 0.25, and 0.40. Merocyanine 540 reproducibly reported deviations at CMFs of 0.15 and 0.33 and frequently reported values close to 0.12, 0.20, and 0.25. In absorbance (turbidity) and light scattering versus CMF plots, well-defined kinks were observed at CMFs of 0.16, 0.33, 0.52, and 0.67. The occurrence of kinks or other deviations at those particular CMFs is most readily explained in terms of a superlattice model previously developed to explain the lateral distribution of pyrenylphospholipids in bilayers [Somerharju, et al. (1985) Biochemistry 24, 2773-2781; Virtanen, J. A., et al. (1988) J. Mol. Electron. 4, 233-236]. This model is based on the assumptions that (i) each cholesterol molecule replaces a single acyl chain in a hexagonal lattice, (ii) cholesterol molecules, because of their larger size, perturb the lattice, (iii) this perturbation is minimized when the cholesterol molecules are maximally separated from each other, and (iv) the maximal separation is achieved when the cholesterol molecules form a hexagonal or centered rectangular superlattice. All detected critical CMFs, except that at CMF 0.67, are predicted by the model, thus strongly supporting its validity. The critical CMF at 0.67 is a limiting case, which can be accounted for by assuming that cholesterol and phospholipid molecules form alternating rows, i.e., formation of a cholesterol superlattice with rectangular symmetry. As predicted by the superlattice model, composition-driven order-to-disorder transitions occur between the critical CMFs, as indicated by increased data scatter and sample fluctuations in those regions. Another important prediction of the superlattice model is that domains with different cholesterol superlattices should coexist at most cholesterol concentrations. Such domains do not have to be extensive to account for the critical events observed here; rather, they are expected to be dynamic entities of limited size. It is very likely that such microscopic domains with distinct cholesterol superlattices also coexist in biological membranes. This is expected to have remarkable effects on both the structure and functions of these membranes.
A few DNA-based security techniques (2011)

Biological systems have been a rich source of inspiration for computer security professionals. In this paper we briefly review some of the security proposals inspired by DNA. By looking at the procedures of genetic information processing we propose a few techniques that can be applied to protect information, including a secure communication protocol inspired by primer-based gene recognition, DNA-based key distribution inspired by DNA base sequence complementarities, DNA-based steganography with the chemical information of the bases co-inspired by the LSB-based image steganography, and steganography with intronization inspired by the intron removal process in the central dogma of biology. The security of the proposed techniques is briefly analyzed.
Thermospray liquid chromatography negative ion mass spectrometry of steroid sulphate conjugates (1985)

Thermospray negative ion mass spectra of 26 steroid monosulphates, six steroid disulphates and two bile acid sulphates have been recorded. The salt-free aqueous solvent system used gave mass spectra for monosulphates which contained molecular ions only. The mass spectra of the steroid disulphates and bile acid sulphates were more complex and showed a dependence on vaporizer temperature. Selected ion monitoring of molecular ions indicated that as little as 100 pg of these compounds could be detected. A gradient elution high-performance liquid chromatographic system has been developed and applied to the separation of the individual components of a mixture of 12 steroid monosulphates and detection by thermospray liquid chromatography negative ion mass spectrometry.
Microsoftoft Office SharePoint Server2007和RMS在MOSS中为敏感文档设置权限 (2007)

MOSS的“信息权限管理（Information Rights Management，IRM）”功能允许管理员和用户控制其他人在SharePoint中和下载之后如何使用Office文件。
<title>Pulsed Holographic Nondestructive Testing On Aircraft</title> (1983)

An holographic camera composed of two ruby lasers was built at ISL. It provides double exposure holograms with an adjustable time interval ranging from few ns to infinity. Various aircraft structures were first tested at ISL in laboratory conditions: honeycomb panels, wings ... The industrial tests on a military aircraft in maintenance checking were performed in a hangar of the SNIAS at Saint-Nazaire: wings, trap-door of the rear landing gear, air-brake... Electromechanical shocks were used to make the structure vibrate and to allow a fast trigger of the lasers. This avoids disturbance due to ambiant noises and vibrations.
Macro- and Micro-Domains in the Endocrine Pancreas (1982)

Since the invention of the light microscope in the seventeenth century, progress in the field of cell research has been markedly dependent on improvements in the resolving power of magnifying instruments. The limitations of available microscopes must have inspired Martyn Paine of New York City to write in 1840
Wood Property Variation of Mississippi Delta Hardwoods (2007)

Variation in specific gravity, fiber length, fiber dimensions, and volumetric composition were investigated for selected heights and growth rings of five Mississippi Delta hardwood species: black willow, willow oak, sycamore, pecan, and sugarberry. Variation of specific gravity with age of the cambium was not only different from species to species, but was also different at different sampling heights. The fiber length-age relationship in study trees conformed to the general pattern of large increases in fiber length with age in rings near the pith, followed by a more gradual increase until a maximum was reached. Variations in fiber diameter were not great, but in all species, cell diameter decreased as height in the stem increased. Thin-walled fibers were found near the pith and thick-walled fibers developed in the outermost growth increments. Volumetric composition data revealed large variations between sampling points. The general pattern with age was a linear or curvilinear increase in vessel volume with a corresponding decrease in fiber volume, while ray volume remained constant or increased slightly with age. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the interrelationships of measured properties in three different species (willow, sugarberry, and pecan). Wide growth rings in these species contained proportionately fewer vessels and more fibers than narrow growth rings as well as shorter fibers. High specific gravity was associated with increased fiber volume. However, the analysis showed no significant differences in specific gravity resulting from variations in growth rate.
Multiple Organ Failure Pathophysiology and Potential Future Therapy (1992)

Multiple organ failure (MOF) has reached epidemic proportions in most intensive care units and is fast becoming the most common cause of death in the surgical intensive care unit. Furthermore, in spite of the development of successive generations of new and more powerful antibiotics and increasing sophisticated techniques of organ support, our ability to salvage patients once MOF has become established has not appreciably improved over the last two decades. Clearly, new therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing or limiting the development of the physiologic abnormalities that induce organ failure are needed to improve survival in these critically ill patients. Based on our rapidly increasing knowledge of the mechanisms of MOF and the fruits of molecular biology, a number of new therapeutic approaches are in various stages of development. To effectively use these new therapeutic options as they become available, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the pathophysiology of MOF. Thus, the goals of this review are to integrate the vast amount of new information on the basic biology of MOF and to focus special attention on the potential therapeutic consequences of these recent advances in our understanding of this complex and perplexing syndrome.
A computer study of uniform-field electrodes (1967)

The departures from uniformity of the electric field, expressed as (E - E0)/E0, have been calculated for fields produced by 90° Rogowski, 120° Rogowski and Bruce electrodes. The fields on the axes of the electrodes were found to be uniform to better than 1 part in 107 for the Rogowski profiles and to better than 1% for the Bruce profile. The effect of increasing the 120° Rogowski electrode separation to twice its design value and the influence of the walls of the containing vessel on the electric field were investigated.
Uptake of adhesive powders from lure stations by Mediterranean fruit fly (Dipt., Tephritidae) (2008)

Abstract Powders that are capable of adhering to insect cuticles can act as carrier particles when combined with insecticides, entomopathogens, or pheromones, for targeted insect control. One potential method of delivering the powder to an insect is to lure the insects to stations containing powder using a species‐specific attractant. Here, we report on the uptake of two different powders from lure stations (henceforth called ‘dispensers’) by the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata , and the transfer of the powders to conspecifics during field studies in Portugal, as part of a research programme to develop lure‐and‐kill technologies based on adhesive powder. Uptake of an electrostatic wax powder, Entostat™, from dispensers was greater than uptake of a proprietary metallic powder, Entomag™, for both wild male C. capitata visiting field‐placed dispensers and laboratory‐reared males confined with dispensers in field cages. In agreement with field data, C. capitata also took up more Entostat than Entomag when artificially dosed on dispenser trays containing powder in the laboratory, and the quantities taken up were shown to be greater than that calculated from field experiments. Increasing the amount of Entostat powder in field‐placed dispensers resulted in greater uptake of powder by visiting male C. capitata . Laboratory‐reared male and female C. capitata were released in field cages in which were hung dispensers containing adhesive powder that were baited with the male attractant trimedlure. After 24 h, the powder was successfully extracted from all males and nearly all females collected, indicating that males probably transferred powder to conspecific females after visiting dispensers. The results underscore that a lure‐and‐kill system based on adhesive powder might have potential for controlling Mediterranean fruit fly and other flying insects.
Generating range fixes for software configuration (2012)

To prevent ill-formed configurations, highly configurable software often allows defining constraints over the available options. As these constraints can be complex, fixing a configuration that violates one or more constraints can be challenging. Although several fix-generation approaches exist, their applicability is limited because (1) they typically generate only one fix, failing to cover the solution that the user wants; and (2) they do not fully support non-Boolean constraints, which contain arithmetic, inequality, and string operators. This paper proposes a novel concept, range fix, for software configuration. A range fix specifies the options to change and the ranges of values for these options. We also design an algorithm that automatically generates range fixes for a violated constraint. We have evaluated our approach with three different strategies for handling constraint interactions, on data from five open source projects. Our evaluation shows that, even with the most complex strategy, our approach generates complete fix lists that are mostly short and concise, in a fraction of a second.
LSI logic testing — An overview (1981)

The development of large scale integration (LSI) testing is reviewed. The paper concentrates on the testing of logic components and presents in-depth discussions of the methods of fault modeling, test pattern generation, fault simulation, and design for testability. It is shown how these methods are used in the design of components and how they can be used in support of design automation. Finally, a brief account of test equipment and test data preparation is given.
Clinical comparison of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion by insulin pump and multiple subcutaneous insulin injection in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (2012)

Objective To compare the effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion by insulin pump and multiple subcutaneous insulin injection in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods Thirty GDM patients in observation group were treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion by insulim pump,30 patients in control group were treated with multiple subcutaneous insulin injection.The pregnancy complication,the incidence of hypoglycemia and the prevalence of fetal disease were analyzed.Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 11.O.Results There were significant differences between the two groups in the pregnancy complication,the incidence of hypoglycemia,the prevalence of fetal disease (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In the treatment of GDM,the insulin pump can effectively decrease the pregnancy complication and incidence of hypoglycemia.

Key words: 
Gestational diabetes mellitus;  Insulin pump;  Complication
Neuron-glia interactions of rat hippocampal cells in vitro: glial- guided neuronal migration and neuronal regulation of glial differentiation (1990)

To examine neuron-glia interactions of hippocampal cells, including glial-guided neuronal migration, glial organization of neuronal positioning and neuronal regulation of astroglial differentiation, rat hippocampal tissue, harvested between embryonic day 16 (E16) and postnatal day 3 (P3), was dissociated into a single cell suspension and plated in glass coverslip microcultures (Hatten and Liem, 1981; Hatten et al., 1984). Immunostaining the cells with antibodies against the glial filament protein (AbGFP) revealed developmental stage-specific changes in the number and extent of morphological differentiation of hippocampal astroglial cells. At E16-E18, fewer than 5% of the cells were AbGFP-positive; stained cells were immature, bearing very short processes. By E19-E20, the number of stained cells increased to 15% of the total cell population. Three forms of differentiated glial cells predominated, a bipolar form bearing processes 30-50 microns, an elongated form which resembled the radial glia of hippocampus, bearing processes 120 microns in length, and a stellate form with 3 or more processes 30-50 microns in length. At P0-P3, glial morphological differentiation varied with the culture substratum; differentiated forms resembling those seen at E20 occurred on Matrigel, but not on polylysine. Quantitation of the distribution of neurons relative to AbGFP-stained glial processes revealed developmental stage-specific changes in glial organization of neuronal positioning in the cultures. In cultures of E16-E18 hippocampal cells, the neurons did not preferentially associate with astroglial cells. By E19-E20, extensive neuron-glia interactions occurred, with 80-90% of the neurons being located within 5-10 microns of a glial process. In addition to their organization of neuronal positioning, E20 hippocampal astroglial cells supported extensive neuronal migration. Migrating hippocampal neurons displayed a cytology and neuron-glia cell apposition identical to that described for migrating cerebellar granule cells in vitro (Edmondson and Hatten, 1987), closely apposing their cell soma against the hippocampal glial process and moving along the glial arm by extending a thickened, leading process. Migration was seen only along highly elongated glial profiles resembling radial glial seen in vivo. The morphological differentiation of hippocampal glial cells in vitro was dependent on cell-cell interactions with neurons. In the absence of neurons, purified hippocampal astroglia had flat, undifferentiated profiles and proliferated rapidly. The addition of hippocampal neurons rapidly arrested glial growth and induced glial process extension.
High Tech, High-Quality Care, and High Costs (1985)

Journal Article High Tech, High-Quality Care, and High Costs Get access Health & Social Work, Volume 10, Issue 1, Winter 1985, Pages 2–3, https://doi.org/10.1093/hsw/10.1.2 Published: 01 January 1985
Freeze-Dried and GMP-Compliant Pharmaceuticals Containing Exosomes for Acellular Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Immunomodulant Therapy (2019)

UF led to higher protein, lipid, cytokine and exosomes yields compared with UC. The isolation procedure and cell source influenced immunomodulatory activity, which was in vitro evaluated by inhibition of phytohemagglutinin-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation, and by modulation of IL-10, IFN-γ and IL-6. A secretome dosage was identified to obtain the same immunomodulatory activity of MSCs, paving the way for cell-free therapy.
Calcium and chronic disease prevention: challenges to the food industry (1990)

Le calcium est connu pour son effet benefique. Utilisation du calcium dans l'industrie alimentaire. Besoins et consommation. Biodisponibilite du calcium dans l'organisme