gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resolution of Postoperative Ileus in Humans (1986)

Bipolar electrodes were placed in the ascending and descending colon of 13 patients during laparotomy. The magnitude of their operations varied from exploratory laparotomy to total gastrectomy. The magnitude and length of the operations performed did not correlate positively with the duration of postoperative ileus. Signals were recorded for up to 4 hours daily for up to 8 days after operation during periods of rest and, in some patients, after administration of epidural or parenteral morphine sulfate. Power spectrum analyses of electrical control activity (ECA) showed dominant frequencies in both lower (2-9 cpm) and higher (9-14 cpm) ranges. During postoperative recovery, the mean ECA frequencies in right and left colon were relatively constant, but a variety of dominant ECA frequency relationships were observed. The modal pattern in the right colon was a shift in the dominant frequency from the higher to the lower range as recovery progressed, while the modal pattern in the left colon was persistent dominance of ECA in the higher frequency range. Electrical response activity (ERA) initially was comprised of only random, disorganized single bursts but became progressively more complex through the initial 3 postoperative days with the appearance of more organized bursts and clusters, some of which propagated very slowly (about 5 cm/min) both orad and aborad. ERA recovery culminated, typically on the third or fourth postoperative day, with the return of long bursts of continuous ERA, some of which propagated at a higher velocity (about 80 cm/min) and exclusively in the aborad direction and which were accompanied by passage of flatus or by defecation.
In situ scanning tunneling microscopy of the anodic oxidation of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surfaces (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIn situ scanning tunneling microscopy of the anodic oxidation of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surfacesAndrew A. Gewirth and Allen J. BardCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 20, 5563–5566Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/j100331a006RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views483Altmetric-Citations103LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts
Development of Sulfuric Acid Decomposer for Thermochemical Hydrogen Production IS Process (2006)

The Japan Atomic Energy Agency has been conducting R & D on high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) technology and also on thermo-chemical water splitting hydrogen production technology by using an iodine-sulfur cycle (IS process) in the high temperature engineering test reactor (HTTR) project. The sulfuric acid (H2SO4) decomposer is one of the key equipments in the IS process, in which concentrated sulfuric acid is evaporated and decomposed into SO3and H2O with the heat of high temperature helium gas supplied by HTGR. A concept of the decomposer consisting of multiblock-type heat exchanger made of SiC ceramics was proposed, and its feasibility was examined by preliminary analyses of thermal-hydraulic and structural strength and test-fabrication of SiC block components as well as elementary tests of seal performance in SiC blocks and metal flanges.
Limitations in assessment of mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease. (2010)

An emerging parameter to define the effectiveness of new therapeutic agents in clinical trials, and by extension, for use in day-to-day clinical practice has been labeled mucosal healing. It has been hypothesized that complete healing of the intestinal mucosa in inflammatory bowel diseases should result in reduced disease complications, reduced hospitalization and reduced surgical treatment. By implication, the natural history of inflammatory bowel disease might then be altered. Measurement of mucosal healing, however, is largely observational, requiring repeated invasive endoscopic examinations, sometimes with mucosal biopsies. Other indirect imaging methods may play a role in this assessment along with other surrogate markers, including intestinal permeability. These measurements may have significant limitations that prohibit precise correlation with symptom-based disease activity indices in clinical trials. This likely reflects the dynamic nature of this evolving and individualized inflammatory process that tends to be focused, but not limited, to the mucosa of the intestinal tract.
Enzymatic transformations of cellulose assessed by quantitative high‐throughput fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (QHT‐FTIR) (2011)

Enzymatic hydrolysis of bacterial microcrystalline cellulose was performed with the thermophile enzyme system of Thermobifida fusca Cel5A (a classical endocellulase), Cel6B (a classical exocellulase), Cel9A (a processive endoglucanase), and a synergistic mixture of endo- and exocellulases. Different concentrations of enzymes were used to vary the extent of hydrolysis. Following standardization, the concentration of cellulose was directly correlated to the absorbance of the cellulose signals. Crystallinity indexes (Lateral Order Index (LOI), Total Crystallinity Index, Hydrogen Bonding Index), allomorphic composition, conversion of specific atomic bonds (including the β-glucosidic bonds) were extracted from the spectral data obtained by QHT-FTIR. By quantifying the disruption of the H-bonding in complement to the sugar production, a more dynamic and complex picture of the role of cellulases in the hydrolysis of cellulose was demonstrated. The disruption of the H-bonding within the cellulose matrix appears as a quantifiable activity of the enzymes which was not correlated with the production of sugars in solution. The results also demonstrate that Cel9A activities from the cellulose transformation standpoint were partially similar to the activities of the synergistic mixture. In addition, Cel9A preferentially degraded the I(α) fraction of the crystalline cellulose while the Cel5A and Cel6B synergistic mixture preferentially degraded the I(β) fraction.
New experimental procedures for in vivo L-band and radio frequency EPR spectroscopy/imaging (1993)

Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy/imaging experiments are currently being performed on small animals and isolated organs. The exogenous paramagnetic probes commonly used are nitroxide (aminoxyl) free radicals. Nitroxide reduction and clearance were evaluated to understand in vivo distribution and metabolism. Pharmacokinetics data were collected with the same nitroxide at three different frequencies in an external rat blood circuit, in a mouse head and in a whole rat body. A 280 MHz spectrometer made it possible to obtain images of a whole rat body after nitroxide intravenous injection. At L-band (1500 MHz), a synchronization technique was used to obtain images of a dynamic phantom utilized to mimic the model of the isolated perfused rat heart. Different experimental procedures are discussed and the problems which affect sensitivity and resolution are evaluated.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Homo‐Coupling of Methyl 2‐Br‐2‐Cl‐Carboxylates Promoted by CuBr‐Fe0. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Stability issues of the next generation solar cells (2016)

Polymer, perovskite, and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are promising technologies for next generation low cost photovoltaic cells. Among these, perovskite solar cells are the newest technology and have the highest efficiency, while DSSCs are closest to commercialization with several companies producing the DSSC materials and modules and existing DSSC installations. However, all three types of solar cells share a concern about lifetime and stability. For each type of devices, there are specific concerns and degradation mechanisms, and all of the devices require encapsulation and exhibit varying degrees of sensitivity to moisture, oxygen, elevated temperature and UV illumination depending on the device structure and materials used. We are discussing the stability and lifetime for each type of cells and future outlook of these technologies. (© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Habit Modifications of Nitrofurantion Crystallized from Formic Acid Mixtures (1980)

The crystal size and the length to width ratio of Nitrofurantoin, an anti-bacterial urinary tract drug, can be controlled using an appropriate mixture of solvents and suitable crystallization conditions.Some solvents will form undesirable complexes with the drug (INF) while with others no crystal structure modification or complexation was detected (HCO2H).The length (y) to width (x) ratio of the Nitrofurantoin varies from 2.5 to 1.5 when crystallized from pure formic acid or in a mixture with water or ethanol.The y/x values correspond to the solvent interactions and super saturation (S).The crystal growth regularity is ascribed to the solvent power and thus when more regular crystals will precipitate bioavailability and solubilization of the drug will increase. Best results were obtained when mixture of formic acid-ethanol solution was used as crystallization media yielding large tabular crystals.
Autocorrelation Function and Power Spectral Density of Laser-Produced Speckle Patterns (1965)

When a diffuse surface is illuminated by a coherent monochromatic source such as a laser, the illuminated area appears speckled. Exposing photographic film directly to the backscattered radiation confirms the independent existence of the speckles. The autocorrelation function of the speckle pattern so recorded is shown to be proportional to the diffraction pattern corresponding to the illumination function plus a constant. The power spectral density of the pattern is shown to be the convolution of the illumination function against itself displaced by an amount proportional to the space frequency of interest. The cases of single beam and double beam uniform circular illumination are treated explicitly and experimental verification is offered.
Role of <i>KRAS</i> and <i>EGFR</i> As Biomarkers of Response to Erlotinib in National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group Study BR.21 (2008)

EGFR mutations and high copy number are predictive of response to erlotinib. EGFR FISH is the strongest prognostic marker and a significant predictive marker of differential survival benefit from erlotinib.
Coherence-multiplexed fiber-optic sensor systems for measurements of pressure and temperature changes (2002)

A digital demodulation method for read-out of phase changes induced in coherence-multiplexed sensors based on highly birefringent fibers is described. The method employs the fringe counting principle and enables registration of the phase shifts simultaneously induced in two multiplexed sensors with a maximum frequency of 10 kHz and resolution of 1/4 of the interference fringe. The performance of three multiplexed systems interrogated using the proposed detection method is investigated. The first system is composed of two serial multiplexed sensors serving for measurements of pressure and temperature changes in the same location, while the two other systems are composed of two parallel or serial multiplexed temperature-compensated sensors serving for pressure measurements at different locations.
Design and on-chip measurement of CMOS infrared frequency-selective-surface absorbers for thermoelectric energy harvesting (2011)

A high-efficiency stacked-film infrared absorber comprising a Jerusalem-cross slot frequency-selective surface (FSS) and Si-based dielectric layers fabricated in foundry CMOS process is proposed. Simulation shows that integration of proposed FSSs with dielectric layers can improve the absorption of the dielectric layers in infrared. A temperature sensing circuit is integrated in CMOS chip to measure the absorption behaviors. The measurement results at 28.3 THz show good trends with simulation. The chip temperature of the FSS-integrated absorber is 7.3 % higher than dielectric stacks. The design can be applied for absorbers of CMOS thermoelectric energy harvesters without extra cost.
Detection and isolation of coronavirus from feces of three herds of feedlot cattle during outbreaks of winter dysentery-like disease (2000)

Clinical signs of a winter dysentery-like syndrome in 6- to 9-month-old cattle in 3 feedlots included acute onset of diarrhea with high morbidity and low mortality, respiratory tract problems that included dyspnea, coughing, and nasal discharge, and high rectal temperatures. Bovine coronavirus was detected by use of an ELISA and immune electron microscopy in fecal and nasal swab samples and by immunohistochemical analysis of intestinal sections collected from calves during necropsy. Bovine coronavirus should be considered in the differential diagnoses for diseases that cause acute onset of bloody diarrhea in feedlot cattle.
Replication of Fungi in K-Sol Corneal Preservation Medium at 4 C (1986)

We examined the growth of six fungi during 18 days at 4 degrees C in a corneal preservation medium containing 2.5% chondroitin sulfate (K-Sol). The number of viable organisms decreased with time for all six fungi, the average decrease being 65%. The risk of transplanting fungal organisms with a donor cornea stored for up to 18 days at 4 degrees C in preservation media containing chondroitin sulfate is no greater than that with the same cornea stored for only one day.
Preparation, properties, and applications of 8-hydroxyquinoline immobilized chelate (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation, properties, and applications of 8-hydroxyquinoline immobilized chelateK. F. Sugawara, H. H. Weetall, and G. D. SchuckerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1974, 46, 4, 489–492Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60340a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60340a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1016Altmetric-Citations80LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of supplementary folic acid and vitamin B12 on hepatic metabolism of dairy cows according to methionine supply (2010)

The present experiment was undertaken to study the interactions between dietary supplements of rumen-protected methionine (RPM) and intramuscular injections of folic acid and vitamin B(12), given from 3 wk before calving to 16 wk of lactation, on hepatic metabolism of lactating dairy cows. Sixty multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to 10 blocks of 6 cows each according to their previous milk production. Within each block, 3 cows were fed a diet calculated to supply Met as 1.83% of metabolizable protein, whereas the 3 other cows were fed the same diet supplemented with 18g of RPM calculated to provide Met as 2.23% of metabolizable protein. Within each level of Met, the cows received no vitamin supplement or weekly intramuscular injections of 160mg of folic acid alone or combined with 10mg of vitamin B(12). Liver biopsies were taken at 2, 4, 8, and 16 wk of lactation. Liver concentrations of folates and vitamin B(12) were increased by their respective supplements but this response to vitamin supplements was altered by methionine supply. Concentrations of total lipids and triglycerides increased in livers of cows fed RPM, whereas concentrations of cholesterol ester, cholesterol, diglycerides, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylcholine were not affected. Folic acid, alone or combined with vitamin B(12), tended to increase the ratio of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylethanolamine. Gene expression of 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase, microsomal transfer protein, and phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase were higher in liver of cows fed RPM supplements. The relative mRNA abundance of 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase were increased by the combined injections of folic acid and vitamin B(12), whereas those of methionine synthase and methionine synthase reductase were not affected by treatments. These results suggest that increasing supply of methyl groups, as preformed labile methyl groups or through methylneogenesis, affected the methylation cycle but had a limited effect on dairy cow performance. The observed effects of the combined supplement of folic acid and vitamin B(12) on lactational performance of dairy cows probably result from an improvement of energy metabolism during early lactation.
Anwendung der α‐Alkinon‐Cyclisierung: Totalsynthese von (±)‐Alben (1983)

Application of the α‐Alkynone Cyclization: Total Synthesis of (±)‐Albene A synthesis of the racemic form of the natural tricyclic hydrocarbon albene (1) from the Diels‐Alder adduct 2 of tiglyl chloride and cyclopentadiene is described (24% yield). The key step 5→6 involves a thermal α‐alkynone cyclization (Scheme 3) , which is able to establish a new quarternary C‐atom at an unactivated position with a high degree of regiospecificity.
<title>Searching for new luminescent chemosensors for metal ions</title> (1999)

Aiming to develop new fluorescent chemosensors for biological and environmental applications, we have designed and synthesized new chemical species able to reversibly bind alkali, earth-alkali, and transition metal ions. For signaling the binding of the target analyte, we have inserted in the structure of the chemosensors different luminophores, such as dioxyxanthone derivatives, dansyl derivatives, ruthenium complexes, and hydroxyquinoline derivatives. In solution, the binding is always signaled by pronounced changes in the photophysical properties of the inserted luminophore such as emission wavelength and intensity, and excited state lifetime. The mechanism for the signal transduction strongly depends on the chosen receptor and luminophore moieties, and has been investigated in detail by means of steady state and time resolved spectroscopy. In all cases, the synthesized chemosensors have proved to be chemically and photochemically stable. Good selectivity and affinity has been obtained with different sensors for K<SUP>+</SUP>, Mg<SUP>2+</SUP>, Ba<SUP>2+</SUP>, Zn<SUP>2+</SUP>, Ni<SUP>2+</SUP> and Cu<SUP>2+</SUP>, even in physiological pH conditions. Moreover the use of an array of these sensors in optodes could lead to the construction of the so called electronic tongues. All these features make these sensors promising candidates for analytical applications.
Evaluation of vertical monopole antennas with elevated radials (1988)

The Numerical Electromagnetics Code (NEC) was used to model a 32-foot vertical radiator operating over a variety of ground systems at several frequencies throughout the HF band. Recent work performed at LLNL indicated that superior peroformance could be achieved from a vertical monopole by elevating the radiator a short distance above the surface of the earth, when used in conjunction with a ground system composed of 4 elevated horizontal radials. Field tests were performed on several elevated-radial configurations as well as conventional ground-mounted vertical antennas using up to 120 radials in an attempt to confirm this hyporthesis. The results of field-strength and input-impedance measurements are contained herein.
Electrohydrodynamic Atomization Deposition of Fuel Cell Catalyst-Coated Membrane with Structure and Material Gradient Variation (2015)

A catalyst-coated membrane (CCM) with structure and material gradient variation was deposited layer-by-layer (LbL) using electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) deposition. This CCM contained 7 layers which is C cathode diffusion layer, Pt/C-C cathode transition layer, Pt/C cathode catalyst layer, Nafion membrane, Pt-Ru/C anode catalyst layer, Pt-Ru/C-C anode transition layer and C anode diffusion layer. The cathode and anode side were named as cathode and anode catalyst-diffusion layers, respectively. It was observed that the cathode and anode catalyst-diffusion layers presented the dendritic structure. Within the cathode and anode catalyst-diffusion layers, the Pt/C-C and Pt-Ru/C-C transition layer was more porous compared to the C layer, Pt/C layer and Pt-Ru/C layer. It was also shown that the EHDA LbL deposited CCM still presented close-packed structure after life test.
Use of selective hypothermia to protect the spinal cord during resection of thoracoabdominal aneurysms. (2000)

Neurologic complications remain a threat to patients after repair of thoracoabdominal thoracic aneurysms. We have recently used a simple technique of selective hypothermia during such repairs in 7 high-risk patients. None of the patients had neurologic complications. In the 1st patient, we used cardiopulmonary bypass, but we have subsequently found that the procedure can be performed safely without an oxygenator in the circuit by using only a centrifugal pump, heat exchanger, thermistor, and pressure gauge. We believe that this technique deserves additional consideration for avoiding neurologic complications after repair of such lesions.