gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Parametric Study of Spur Gear Dynamics (1998)

Performance feedback can be essential for cyclists to help with pacing their efforts during competitions and also during standardized performance tests. However, the choice of feedback options on modern bike computers is limited. Moreover, little research on the effectiveness of the currently used feedback methods is available. In this study, two novel feedback variants using a bar or a tacho to visualize targets and deviation from targets were compared to a classic design using only numbers. Participants (6 female and 25 male trained to well-trained athletes) completed a protocol consisting of three heart rate-based tasks and one power-based task. The displays were compared with respect to their ability to guide athletes during their trials. Results showed lower root mean square error (RMSE) of the novel variants, but no significant effect of feedback variant on RMSE was found for both tasks (p > 0.05). However, when comparing the feedback variants on a person to person basis, significant differences were found for all investigated scenarios (p < 0.001). This leads to the conclusion that novel feedback variants can improve athletes' ability to follow heart rate-based and power-based protocols, but even better results might be achieved by individualizing the feedback.
MOTION-EMBEDDED COG JACOBIAN FOR A REAL-TIME HUMANOID MOTION GENERATION (2005)

For a legged robot such as a humanoid, balancing its body during a given motion is natural but the most important problem. Recently, a motion given to a humanoid is more and more complicated, and thus the balancing problem becomes much more critical. This paper suggests a real-time motion generation algorithm that guarantees a humanoid to be balanced during implementing a given motion. A desired motion of each arm and/or leg is planned by the conventional motion planning method without considering the balancing problem. In order to balance a humanoid, all the given motions are embedded into the COG Jacobian. The COG Jacobian is modified to include the desired motions and, as a result, dimension of the COG Jacobian is drastically reduced. With the motion-embedded COG Jacobian, balancing and performing a task is completed simultaneously, without changing any other parameters related to the control or planning. Validity and efficiency of the proposed motion-embedded COG Jacobian is simulated in the paper.
An application of correlation to radar systems (1972)

This paper considers an application of correlation techniques to radar systems. One particular form of the system, the frequency modulated continuous wave radar, is described and it is shown that with this form of radar, correlation can be obtained by a combination of mixing and spectral analysis. A method of performing the spectral analysis using a digital fast Fourier transform spectral analyser is also described.
An open characterization component tool (2003)

With the growth of new technologies, new architectures that often needs custom cells development with the maturity of ASIC synthesis tools as well as silicon and data path compilers, it is critical to provide CAE tools with very accurate information. This includes timing information, power information, capacitance information as well as physical information. This article presents a tool that automates all processes involved in standard cell or gate-array characterization and briefly shows how the extracted information will be used in an integrated CAE framework.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The interlanguage Speech Intelligibility Benefit for Korean Learners of English: Production of English Front Vowels (2011)

The present work is a follow-up study to that of Han, Choi, Lim and Lee (2011), where an asymmetry in the source segments eliciting the interlanguage speech intelligibility benefit (ISIB) was found such that the vowels which did not match any vowel of the Korean language were likely to elicit more ISIB than matched vowels. In order to identify the source of the stronger ISIB in non-matched vowels, acoustic analyses of the stimuli were performed. Two pairs of English front vowels [i] vs. [I], and vs. were recorded by English native talkers and two groups of Korean learners according to their English proficiency, and then their vowel duration and the frequencies of the first two formants (F1, F2) were measured. The results demonstrated that the non-matched vowels such as [I], and produced by Korean talkers seemed to show more deviated acoustic characteristics from those of the natives, with longer duration and with closer formant values to the matched vowels, [i] and , than those of the English natives. Combining the results of acoustic measurements in the present study and those of word identification in Han et al. (2011), we suggest that relatively better performance in word identification by Korean talkers/listeners than the native English talkers/listeners is associated with the shared interlanguage of Korean talkers and listeners.
Antimicrobial Peptide Evolution in the Asiatic Honey Bee Apis cerana (2009)

The Asiatic honeybee, Apis cerana Fabricius, is an important honeybee species in Asian countries. It is still found in the wild, but is also one of the few bee species that can be domesticated. It has acquired some genetic advantages and significantly different biological characteristics compared with other Apis species. However, it has been less studied, and over the past two decades, has become a threatened species in China. We designed primers for the sequences of the four antimicrobial peptide cDNA gene families (abaecin, defensin, apidaecin, and hymenoptaecin) of the Western honeybee, Apis mellifera L. and identified all the antimicrobial peptide cDNA genes in the Asiatic honeybee for the first time. All the sequences were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In all, 29 different defensin cDNA genes coding 7 different defensin peptides, 11 different abaecin cDNA genes coding 2 different abaecin peptides, 13 different apidaecin cDNA genes coding 4 apidaecin peptides and 34 different hymenoptaecin cDNA genes coding 13 different hymenoptaecin peptides were cloned and identified from the Asiatic honeybee adult workers. Detailed comparison of these four antimicrobial peptide gene families with those of the Western honeybee revealed that there are many similarities in the quantity and amino acid components of peptides in the abaecin, defensin and apidaecin families, while many more hymenoptaecin peptides are found in the Asiatic honeybee than those in the Western honeybee (13 versus 1). The results indicated that the Asiatic honeybee adult generated more variable antimicrobial peptides, especially hymenoptaecin peptides than the Western honeybee when stimulated by pathogens or injury. This suggests that, compared to the Western honeybee that has a longer history of domestication, selection on the Asiatic honeybee has favored the generation of more variable antimicrobial peptides as protection against pathogens.
[Expression of basic fibroblast growth factor in dental pulp of immature permanent teeth]. (2003)

bFGF may play a role in dental pulp development and maturation.
[Systematic biopsy with multiple samples per lobe in the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma]. (1998)

A new fashion of prostate transperineal biopsy (seven cores from each lobe) is described, in order to evaluate a potential increase of prostate cancer detection rate. From June 1996 to PSA. April 1997, 247 patients underwent transperineal biopsy for an abnormal DRE and/or elevated In addition to apex, base and lateral peripheral samples, two more were obtained from middle-lateral peripheral zone and tow more from transition zone of each lobe of the prostate. In 14 patients (13.1%) carcinoma was detected in the additional samples only. This new biopsy fashion seems to be safe and more accurate than sextant biopsy for a significant percentage of cancer that otherwise would have been missed.
Il progetto per il waterfront di Palermo dal nuovo Piano regolatore portuale ai progetti di rigenerazione delle aree urbane (2012)

Gateway cities will be most dynamic cities of the future and Port/gate cities will increasingly become cities with the ambition, the capacity and the resources to be connected to the network of hub-cities woven around the planet. Port areas are local places within global networks, gateways crossed by planetary fluxes of energy and waterfronts are network of places, functions, additions and hinges between the coast and the city, between the port and urban activities. A waterfront is not just a port area, but a concentration of functions that can be productive, relational, cultural, recreational, residential. It is not a closed and protective area, but an osmotic interface, it is a permeable perimeter, sometimes rigid, but sometimes equally “spongy”. Waterfronts are strategic areas capable of generating a new urban form and producing a new landscape by transforming the streams of energy (material and immaterial) running through the great infrastructural networks to make them more vital, communicative and competitive. The paper will explore Palermo’s Waterfront regeneration project that is part of a wider innovative program entitled “Ports&Stations” financed by the Ministry of the Infrastructure with the active partnership of the City Government, the Port Authority and the Italian railway company. Their guiding vision presents a new city for exchange and innovation, in which the port functions, the new hubs of the Mediterranean armature, are integrated with great urban services, residences and local area services whose objective is to provide a more obvious “cityeffect” on the seafront. The tool chosen to implement the integrated strategy for the increase in infrastructures, development of the city and competitive growth is the new “Piano regolatore portuale” (PRP), whose objective is to create a permanent system that incorporates the commercial port (ro-ro and container), the passenger and cruise port and docks for recreational boating, not simply by improving locations and functions, but by connecting them with the environmental requalificaton, the services, parking areas and many new urban functions. Palermo’s Waterfront regeneration project propose strategies, design, services and businesses spaces and, in addition to the issues of general port functions, the project also cope with the question of “city-port interaction areas” and “interface areas”, which are highly attractive for new residential, commercial, cultural and recreational functions. The experience of Palermo’s Waterfront regeneration project deal with the question of multisectoriality and raises some issuses around the necessity to include multidisciplinary action in which a variety of subjects participate to produce a dynamically synergetic environment and to solve the conflictual relation between subjects, tools and competences.
[Effect of phospholipase D on micellar phospholipids and the role of calcium ions]. (1979)

The rates of the reaction products formation under simultaneous phospholipase D effect on phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl choline were studied. The hydrolysis of cephalin, unlike the phospholipase D effect on lecithin, does not require Ca2+ ions. Ca2+ does not affect the enzymatic degradation of lecithin and inhibits the reaction with cephalin in "inorganized" phospholipid emulsions. The hydrolysis of micellar phospholipids by phospholipase D (in the presence of the anionic detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate) is accelerated by Ca2+ ions for both substrates. The apparent Km value is equal to 1.5 mM and does not depend on the phospholipid type. In contrast, the value of kcat for lecithin is twice as high as that for cephalin. It was demonstrated that the phase state of the phospholipids and the chemical nature of the alcohol residue in the phospholipid molecule are essential for the substrate specificity of phospholipase D.
Estimation and testing in an imperfect-inspection model (1993)

An imperfect inspection model in which failures can only be detected with probability beta is considered. The lifetimes of all the components are IID exponential with rate lambda . Using the approximate likelihood filtering method, a first order binomial autoregressive model is obtained when 1- beta is small. When lambda is known, a locally most powerful test is proposed for testing the hypothesis that beta =1 against the alternative that beta <1. The asymptotic distribution of the test statistic is obtained under the null hypothesis as well as under the alternative. The test statistic is modified to handle the case of unknown lambda . Its asymptotic distribution is also given. The bias of the maximum likelihood estimators of beta and lambda obtained from the approximated likelihood function is studied by simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Impact of the Implementation Cost of Replication in Data Grid Job Scheduling (2018)

Data Grids deal with geographically-distributed large-scale data-intensive applications. Schemes scheduled for data grids attempt to not only improve data access time, but also aim to improve the ratio of data availability to a node, where the data requests are generated. Data replication techniques manage large data by storing a number of data files efficiently. In this paper, we propose centralized dynamic scheduling strategy-replica placement strategies (CDSS-RPS). CDSS-RPS schedule the data and task so that it minimizes the implementation cost and data transfer time. CDSS-RPS consists of two algorithms, namely (a) centralized dynamic scheduling (CDS) and (b) replica placement strategy (RPS). CDS considers the computing capacity of a node and finds an appropriate location for the job. RPS attempts to improve file access time by using replication on the basis of number of accesses, storage capacity of a computing node, and response time of a requested file. Extensive simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Simulation results demonstrate that the replication and scheduling strategies improve the implementation cost and average access time significantly.
The Role of Antimony in Positive Plate Behavior in the Lead-Acid Cell (1964)

Antimonial and antimony‐free lead‐acid cells of similar construction were examined together in a shallow cycle routine. The presence of antimony in the positive grid alloy caused depolarization of the plate in the float condition. It did not affect the discharge potential of the plate. The positive plate active material became progressively softer in the antimony‐ free cells which failed after short test duration. The antimonial cell maintained its capacity and the active material remained firm. The active material of both successful and failing positive plates was examined by electron microscopy and x‐ray diffraction. The active material in the antimonial cell contained many complex prismatic crystals, whereas the antimony‐free cell was characterized by nondescript nodular masses. The active material in. the antimonial cell contained a large amount of while the antimony‐free positive contained very little of this polymorph. Because both kinds of cell were pasted and formed by the same manufacturer with the same paste formulation, it is concluded that the difference in paste morphology and composition is caused by the presence of antimony in the positive grid. It is also concluded that success or failure in float cycle tests is determined by the morphology of the positive paste.
Tumor-specific, schedule-dependent interaction between tirapazamine (SR 4233) and cisplatin. (1993)

Tirapazamine (SR 4233), a benzotriazine di-N-oxide, a potent and selective killer of hypoxic cells, is currently in Phase I clinical trials with the expectation that it will be combined with radiation therapy. However, because of the likelihood that hypoxic tumor cells may also be resistant to some commonly used chemotherapeutic agents, we have tested tirapazamine in combination with cisplatin (c-DDP) in the mouse RIF-1 tumor. A large, schedule-dependent enhancement of tumor cell killing was observed both in vivo and in vitro, with a maximal response observed when the SR 4233 was given 2-3 h before c-DDP. Assay of serum blood urea nitrogen levels following treatment with these two drugs indicates that SR 4233 does not enhance the kidney damage which can result from high doses of c-DDP. Leukopenia induced by the two drugs in combination was equal to that predicted from an additive effect of the responses to the individual drugs. Also, there was no change in the systemic toxicity of c-DDP (as judged by 50% lethal dose) when SR 4233 was combined with c-DDP at a dose and timing that produced the maximum tumor interaction. These observations point to a promising new combination therapy with considerable therapeutic advantage.
Coding-based schemes for fault identification in communication networks (2003)

The complexity of communication networks and the amount of information transferred in these networks have made the management of such networks increasingly difficult. Since faults are inevitable, quick detection, identification, and recovery are crucial to make the systems more robust and their operation more reliable. This paper proposes two event correlation schemes for fault identification in communication networks. Both schemes are based on the coding scheme proposed by Yemini et al. (see IEEE Commum. Magazine, vol.34, no.5, p.82-90, 1996). The causality graph model is used to describe the cause-and-effect relationships between network events. For each problem, and each symptom, a unique binary code is assigned. The use of Boolean operations on symptom code makes the correlation process very fast. A simulation model is developed to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed schemes. From simulation results, we notice that the proposed schemes not only identify multiple problems at one time but also are sensitive to noise. For both schemes, their time complexities are much lower than the time complexity of the original coding scheme.
Improving charge transport property and energy transfer with carbon quantum dots in inverted polymer solar cells (2014)

Carbon quantum dots (Cdots) are synthesized by a simple method and introduced into active layer of polymer solar cells (PSCs). The performance of doped devices was apparently improved, and the highest power conversion efficiency of 7.05% was obtained, corresponding to a 28.2% enhancement compared with that of the contrast device. The charge transport properties, resistance, impedance, and transient absorption spectrum are systematically investigated to explore how the Cdots affect on PSCs performance. This study reveals the importance of Cdots in enhancing the efficiency of PSCs and gives insight into the mechanism of charge transport improvement.
Mode Selection and Resource Allocation in Sliced Fog Radio Access Networks: A Reinforcement Learning Approach (2020)

The mode selection and resource allocation in fog radio access networks (F-RANs) have been advocated as key techniques to improve spectral and energy efficiency. In this paper, we investigate the joint optimization of mode selection and resource allocation in uplink F-RANs, where both of the traditional user equipments (UEs) and fog UEs are served by constructed network slice instances. The concerned optimization is formulated as a mixed-integer programming problem, and both the orthogonal and multiplexed subchannel allocation strategies are proposed to guarantee the slice isolation. Motivated by the development of machine learning, two reinforcement learning based algorithms are developed to solve the original high complexity problem under traditional and fog UEs' specific performance requirements. The basic idea of the proposals is to generate a good mode selection policy according to the immediate reward fed back by an environment. Simulation results validate the benefits of our proposed algorithms and show that a tradeoff between system power consumption and queue delay can be achieved.
Dynamic scheduling in RISC architectures (1996)

Multithreaded processors support a number of execution contexts, and switch contexts rapidly in order to tolerate highly latent events such as external memory references. Existing multithreaded architectures are implicitly based on the assumption that latency tolerance requires massive parallelism, which must be found from diverse contexts. The authors have carried out a quantitative analysis of the efficiency of multithreaded execution as a function of the number of threads for two important classes of memory systems: conventional off-chip memory and symmetric networks. The results of these analyses show that there are fundamental reasons for the efficiency to grow very rapidly with the number of threads. This, in turn, implies that the original goal of latency tolerance can be achieved with only a limited number of threads; these can typically be drawn from the same referential context and do not therefore require the heavyweight hardware solutions of conventional multithreading. A novel dynamically scheduled RISC architecture, based on this new understanding of the problem is presented.
Variant CJD infection in the spleen of a neurologically asymptomatic UK adult patient with haemophilia (2010)

All UK patients with bleeding disorders treated with any UK-sourced pooled factor concentrates between 1980 and 2001 have been informed that they may be at an increased risk of infection with variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). We describe a study to detect disease-associated, protease-resistant prion protein (PrP(res)) in 17 neurologically aymptomatic patients with haemophilia considered to be at increased risk of vCJD. Materials from 11 autopsy and seven biopsy cases were analysed for PrP(res). The tissues available from each case were variable, ranging from a single biopsy sample to a wide range of autopsy tissues. A single specimen from the spleen of one autopsy case gave a strong positive result on repeated testing for PrP(res) by Western blot analysis. This tissue came from a 73-year-old male patient with no history of neurological disease, who was heterozygous (methionine/valine) at codon 129 in the prion protein gene. He had received over 9000 units of factor VIII concentrate prepared from plasma pools known to include donations from a vCJD-infected donor, and some 400,000 units not known to include donations from vCJD-infected donors. He had also received 14 units of red blood cells and had undergone several surgical and invasive endoscopic procedures. Estimates of the relative risks of exposure through diet, surgery, endoscopy, blood transfusion and receipt of UK-sourced plasma products suggest that by far the most likely route of infection in this patient was receipt of UK plasma products.