gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Self-generating clock using an augmented distribution network (1997)

VLSI sub-modules can be designed in a synchronous style but with a local clock generated using its own distribution network as a ring oscillator. If a long critical path exists, a delay can be added to the oscillator path by implementing the critical path (alone) in self-timed logic. This technique has many of the advantages of self-timed logic with lower circuit overheads and a conventional design style. The technique is illustrated by a self-timed square-root module.
Demand Response for Residential Appliances via Customer Reward Scheme (2014)

This paper proposes a reward based demand response algorithm for residential customers to shave network peaks. Customer survey information is used to calculate various criteria indices reflecting their priority and flexibility. Criteria indices and sensitivity based house ranking is used for appropriate load selection in the feeder for demand response. Customer Rewards (CR) are paid based on load shift and voltage improvement due to load adjustment. The proposed algorithm can be deployed in residential distribution networks using a two-level hierarchical control scheme. Realistic residential load model consisting of non-controllable and controllable appliances is considered in this study. The effectiveness of the proposed demand response scheme on the annual load growth of the feeder is also investigated. Simulation results show that reduced peak demand, improved network voltage performance, and customer satisfaction can be achieved.
Immunoperoxidase Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Blood Group Substances in Papillary Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder (1982)

Immunoperoxidase localization of A and B blood group substances and carcinoembryonic antigen in papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder demonstrated blood group substances in 22 of 48 carcinomas and trace amounts of carcinoembryonic antigen in 26. All 22 cases of transitional cell carcinoma positive for blood group substances were stage O (noninvasive) and 21 were grade I or II (well differentiated). Of 26 tumors negative for blood group substances 14 were grade III (poorly differentiated). Of 17 patients who had tumors positive for blood group substances at any time no positive tumor was followed by invasive carcinoma. In contrast, of 17 patients who had tumors negative for blood group substances 15 either had invasive carcinoma at the time of diagnosis or later. Carcinoembryonic antigen positivity did not correlate with pathologic stage, histologic grade or clinical course.
Sensory Evaluation of Food (2010)

The field of sensory science has grown exponentially since the publication of the previous version of this work. Fifteen years ago the journal Food Quality and Preference was fairly new. Now it holds an eminent position as a venue for research on sensory test methods (among many other topics). Hundreds of articles relevant to sensory testing have appeared in that and in other journals such as the Journal of Sensory Studies. Knowledge of the intricate cellular processes in chemoreception, as well as their genetic basis, has undergone nothing less than a revolution, culminating in the award of the Nobel Prize to Buck and Axel in 2004 for their discovery of the olfactory receptor gene super family. Advances in statistical methodology have accelerated as well. Sensometrics meetings are now vigorous and well-attended annual events. Ideas like Thurstonian modeling were not widely embraced 15 years ago, but now seem to be part of the everyday thought process of many sensory scientists.
Analysis of Minute Features in Speckled Imagery with Maximum Likelihood Estimation (2004)

This paper deals with numerical problems arising when performing maximum likelihood parameter estimation in speckled imagery using small samples. The noise that appears in images obtained with coherent illumination, as is the case of sonar, laser, ultrasound-B, and synthetic aperture radar, is called speckle, and it can neither be assumed Gaussian nor additive. The properties of speckle noise are well described by the multiplicative model, a statistical framework from which stem several important distributions. Amongst these distributions, one is regarded as the universal model for speckled data, namely, the law. This paper deals with amplitude data, so the distribution will be used. The literature reports that techniques for obtaining estimates (maximum likelihood, based on moments and on order statistics) of the parameters of the distribution require samples of hundreds, even thousands, of observations in order to obtain sensible values. This is verified for maximum likelihood estimation, and a proposal based on alternate optimization is made to alleviate this situation. The proposal is assessed with real and simulated data, showing that the convergence problems are no longer present. A Monte Carlo experiment is devised to estimate the quality of maximum likelihood estimators in small samples, and real data is successfully analyzed with the proposed alternated procedure. Stylized empirical influence functions are computed and used to choose a strategy for computing maximum likelihood estimates that is resistant to outliers.
Use of retro-reflective tape for improving spatial resolution of scintillation detectors (2002)

The authors are investigating the use of a retro-reflective tape (3M Industries), which reflects light along a line parallel to the incident light, as a substitute for Teflon tape or other reflective material used with scintillation crystals. The authors expect this retro-reflective property to improve spatial resolution in large continuous crystals relative to that seen with Teflon when the reflective tape is coupled to the front (radiation incident) side of the crystal. Three CsI(Tl) crystals were evaluated of dimensions 5.8 cm x 5.6 cm x 5 mm, 6 cm x 6 cm x 12 mm, and 6 cm x 6 cm x 20 mm by stepping a collimated /sup 99m/Tc source across the crystal face. Images were taken with the crystal coupled to a PSPMT. Energy resolution and light collection were similar in both the reflector and Teflon situations. Average spatial resolution in the linear (central) region of the 5 mm thick crystal with black tape wrapped around the sides was measured to be 3.6 /spl plusmn/ 0.3 mm and 5.0 /spl plusmn/ 0.3 mm for the Retro Reflective tape and the Teflon tape, respectively.
IgE receptors on human basophils. Relationship to serum IgE concentration. (1978)

We examine the stability of multi-class queueing systems with the special feature that the service rates of the various classes depend on the number of users present of each of the classes. As a result, the various classes interact in a complex dynamic fashion. Such models arise in several contexts, especially in wireless networks, as resource sharing algorithms become increasingly elaborate, giving rise to scaling efficiencies and complicated interdependencies among traffic classes. Under certain monotonicity assumptions we provide an exact characterization of stability region. We also discuss how some of the results extend to weaker notions of monotonicity. The results are illustrated for simple examples of wireless networks with two or three interfering base stations.
Synthesis and X-ray structures of bis(3,5-di-tert-butylcatecholato)(phenanthroline)vanadium(IV) and its vanadium (V) analogue [V(dtbc)2(phen)][SbF6] (1992)

Bis(3,5-di-tert-butylcatecholato)(phenanthroline)vanadium(IV)1 is prepared, and oxidised with silver hexafluorentimonate to give its vanadium(V) analogue 2; both complexes are characterised by X-ray crystallography revealing significant differences in their coordination geometry.
The Quantum Theory in Decision Making (2013)

Humans do not always make the most rational decisions. As studies have shown, even when logic and reasoning point in one direction, sometimes humans “walk” to the opposite route, motivated by personal bias or simply wishful thinking. This paradoxical human behavior has resisted explanation by classical decision theory for over a decade. Scientists have shown that a quantum probability model can provide a simple explanation for human decision-making. In military, decision-making process is considered to be the most neuralgic one. With the recent interest in quantum computing and quantum information theory, there has been an effort to recast classical game theory using quantum probability amplitudes, and hence study the effect of quantum superposition, interference and entanglement on the agents’ optimal strategies. Apart from unsolved problems in quantum information theory, quantum game theory and decision –making, may be useful in studying quantum communication since that can be considered as a game where the objective is to maximize effective communication. This paper discusses the idea of using quantum theory to decision making. 1 HellemicArmy 14, Kanigos Str., Piraeus 18534, Greece.
Tuberculosis : current concepts and treatment (1994)

THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TUBERCULOSIS IN THE UNITED STATES (A.B. Curtis, J.A. Jereb, E. McCray, and I.M. Onorato) PATHOGENESIS OF TUBERCULOSIS (Z. Toossi and J.J. Ellner) TRANSMISSION AND SAFETY ISSUES (E.A. Nardell) THE WORKING MYCOBACTERIOLOGY LABORATORY (R.W. Smithwick) NEW DIAGNOSTIC METHODS (J.H. Bates). PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: PRESENTATION, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT (L.N. Friedman and P.A. Selwyn EXTRAPULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS (W. Talavera, R. Miranda, K. Lessnau, and A. Klapholz) TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDHOOD AND PREGNANCY (J.R. Starke) NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA (D.L. Lakey, P.W. Wright, and R.J. Wallace). RADIOLOGY OF MYCOBACTERIAL DISEASE (A. Curtis). CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS FOR MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS (M.H. Cynamon). DRUG RESISTANCE (M. Goble) SKIN TESTING AND CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS (L.N. Friedman). CONTROL OF TUBERCULOSIS (J.L. Hadler). BCG VACCINE (R.E. Huebner and G.W. Comstock). INTERNATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL IN THE 21ST CENTURY (P.E. Farmer, D.A. Wilton, and M.C. Becerra)
Transfer matrix analysis of the amplified spontaneous emission of DFB semiconductor laser amplifiers (1988)

Analytical expressions are derived for the amplified spontaneous emission of a DFB (distributed-feedback) semiconductor laser amplifier with reflective cavity ends. The analysis is extended to a multisection DFB structure including a phase-shifted DFB semiconductor laser amplifier. It is shown that the spontaneous emission power per unit frequency bandwidth emitted from one facet is proportional to the transmission gain and to a quantity which at threshold becomes the inverse of the differential quantum efficiency of the other facet. The analysis is applied to two practical cases: (1) calculation of emission spectra of a DFB semiconductor laser biased below the threshold, and (2) assessment of the signal-to-noise ratio performance of DFB semiconductor laser amplifiers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On the Polymerization of Highly Substituted Cyclopropane Derivatives (1966)

内部オレフィンであるRHC=CHR, R2C=HR, R2C=CR2 (R=CH3, またはCl) をカルベン反応を用いてシクロプロパン誘導体としその重合性を検討した。ラジカル重合ではメチル置換シクロプロパンの単独重合, 無水マレイン酸との共重合は認められなかった。塩素置換シクロプロパンもスチレンと共重合を行なわない。カチオン重合では一部の塩素置換体は開環せずに脱塩化水素による3員環構造を骨核にもつポリマーを与えた。メチル置換体は開環重合物を生成するが, 開環の場所が一定していないと考えられる。アニオン重合はほとんど認められなかった。モノマー合成の過程で一部の塩素置換体が熱異性化することが認められたので熱重合の可能性もあわせて検討する意味で熱分解を行ない、一部のものがオレフィンに異性化した。ペンタクロルシクロプロパンはオレフィンを経て熱分解し, ヘキサクロルベンゼンを生成した。
The Fast Changing World of the Internet (1999)

Most of the complications described in this paper can be prevented by strict adherence to well established principles of fracture care in the hand and careful attention to detail in the application of those principles. Some complications are unavoidable, however, and an attempt has been made here to offer some suggestions regarding the management of established complications following fractures of the phalanges and metacarpals.
MECHANISM OF THE ANTAGONISM BY PRALIDOXIME AND 1,1‐TRIMETHYLENEBIS(4‐HYDROXYIMINOMETHYLPYRIDINIUM) OF THE ACTION OF ECHOTHIOPHATE ON THE INTESTINE (1962)

Pralidoxime chloride (pyridine-2-aldoxime methochloride; Protopam Chloride) and 1,1'-trimethylenebis(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium bromide) (TMB-4) antagonize the spasm of the isolated or intact small intestine of the rabbit caused by the anticholinesterase, echothiophate iodide (S-2-dimethylaminoethyl OO-diethyl phosphorothiolate methiodide; Phospholine Iodide). In vitro, both oximes also antagonize the spasm caused by acetylcholine. The quantitative relationships have been studied in comparison with the activity of atropine against echothiophate and acetylcholine. Echothiophate-treated intestine which is subjected to a concentration of oxime sufficient to cause 100% restoration of function (but not cholinesterase reactivation) will go back into spasm on washing out both drugs. Strips treated with a high concentration of oxime, sufficient to cause 100% reactivation of cholinesterase, exhibit normal control tone and motility after washing. It is concluded that pralidoxime and 1,1'-trimethylenebis(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium bromide) have an anticholinergic action as well as the ability to reactivate cholinesterase and that this action plays a significant part in the initial recovery of function under the conditions of these experiments.
NATURAL DISPERSION OF OIL BY DIFFERENT SOURCES OF TURBULENCE (1993)

ABSTRACT An earlier laboratory investigation by the author led to the acquisition of quantitative data on natural dispersion due to breaking waves, in terms of dispersion rate, droplet size distribution, and intrusion depth of the droplets in the water column. The present paper demonstrates that the relationships derived and empirical data can be applied to other dispersion sources as well. As found with breaking waves, these other dispersion sources must consist of a short-duration plunging process hitting the surface oil parcel. The following dispersion sources which apparently fulfill the requirement are discussed: flow over a dam, a cataract with a hydraulic jump, fast flow around an obstacle, and a ship sailing through an oil slick.
Analysis of the Effect on Attention and Relaxation Level by Correlated Color Temperature and Illuminance of LED Lighting using EEG Signal (2013)

Preferred combinations of illuminance and color temperature of lighting depend on daily living activities. We investigated whether the illumination stimuli of LED lighting can enhance attention and relaxation level by controlling color temperature and illuminance level according to activities. Illuminations and color temperatures of LED flat panels are controlled in accordance with activities such as office work and resting. The attention and relaxation level under the task specific lightings are compared with those under normal lighting condition. Single channel EEG signals from the NeuroSky’s Mindset are used to estimate attention and relaxation level of human subjects under different lighting conditions. Experiment results show that high color temperature with high illuminance of LED lightings (6600K, 800lx) shows improved attention level compared with conventional lighting conditions (4000K, 500lx).
Mutation within <i>TARDBP</i> leads to Frontotemporal Dementia without motor neuron disease (2009)

It has been recently demonstrated that the 43-kDa transactive response (TAR)-DNA-binding protein (TARDBP) is the neuropathological hallmark of Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) with ubiquitin-positive and tau-negative inclusions. Large series of FTD patients without motor neuron disease have been previously analysed, but no TARDBP mutation was identified. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether TARDBP gene mutations may be associated with FTD. We report that a pathogenetic TARDBP mutation is causative of behavioural variant FTD (bvFTD). An aged woman in her seventies initially started to present apathy and depression associated with impairment in executive functions. The diagnosis of bvFTD (apathetic syndrome) was accomplished by three-year follow-up, and structural and functional neuroimaging. By five-years after onset, extensive electrophysiological investigations excluded subclinical motor neuron disease. In this patient, a single base substitution c.800A>G of TARDBP gene was identified. This mutation, already described as causative of ALS, predicted the amino acidic change arginine to serine at position 267 (N267S). In silico analysis demonstrated that this substitution generates a new phosphorylation site, and western blot analysis on lymphoblastoid cells reported a decrease of protein expression in N267S mutation carrier. Our study suggests that TARDBP mutations can be pathogenetic of bvFTD without motor neuron disease. TARDBP screening needs to be considered in FTD cases.
A Hardware-Efficient Dual-Standard VLSI Architecture for MC Interpolation in AVS and H.264 (2007)

H.264 and AVS are the two latest video coding standards. Since the similarity between their structures, it is feasible to develop a dual-mode VLSI decoder for supporting both standards, with substantially less cost than the solution with two individual decoders. In this paper, we propose a dual-standard VLSI architecture for MC interpolation, which is the most calculation intensive module of the dual-mode decoder. By applying reconfigurable FIR filters and an adaptive pipeline strategy, an implementation of the architecture can process realtime video streams in 1280times720, 30fps at low cost (11.5k gates, no RAM). This design also provides scalability to meet higher performance requirements.
Cooling of electric machines by multi-phase systems (2010)

A high potential for increase the power density and the efficiency of electrical machines consists in a improved cooling. A new implementation approach is in the pouring of the electric components into a medium, which guarantees a better heat emission to the case in a combined manner with a new cooling concept by utilization of change its phase, with that maximum loads can be absorbed thermally. At a realistic experimental model on the basis of a 3 kW induction motor of assembly line production the use of the different physical effects during heat storage was examined for the suitability for an electrical machine, when this equipped with chambers with technical paraffin were. There are represented the experimental investigations at a modified induction motor and with its result the potential of this development. Measurement and computations show the better cooling of the solid one and both the liquefied material compared to air circulation. On the other hand, the effect of the fusion heat is still insufficient because of bad heat conduction qualities of PCM material for the practical application. By means of thermal FEM simulations the experiments are supported and possibilities for new materials examined.
The subcellular distribution of platelet-activating factor in stimulated human neutrophils. (1990)

Exposure of human peripheral blood neutrophils to a variety of phagocytic and soluble stimuli is known to induce the synthesis and secretion of platelet-activating factor (PAF), a unique ether-linked phospholipid. It has recently been observed in this laboratory, that whereas some PAF is secreted to the exterior of the cell, the majority of the newly synthesized PAF is retained intracellularly. This observation led us to investigate the subcellular distribution of intracellular PAF in stimulated human neutrophils, and to question the possible intracellular role of this molecule. Approximately 2 x 10(8) neutrophils were exposed to either the phagocytic stimulus, opsonized zymosan particles (25 particles/cell), the soluble stimulus, Ca2(+)-ionophore A23187 (5 micrograms/ml), or were left unstimulated for up to 30 min. After disruption, the cells were fractionated into nuclei, phagolysosomes, specific granules, azurophil granules, membranes, and cytosol. Fractions were analyzed for representative organellar markers, as well as for total protein, total phospholipid phosphorous, and PAF. In cells that had been exposed to opsonized zymosan particles, the majority of the PAF was localized to the phagolysosomal fraction, with lesser amounts being detected in the membranous and granular fractions of the cells. In neutrophils that had been exposed to A23187, the major portion of the PAF was detected in the membranous fractions with smaller amounts being seen in fractions corresponding to the specific granules. On the basis of these data, combined with the known physicochemical properties of PAF, it is speculated that the PAF detected at discrete intracellular locations in stimulated human neutrophils may play an important role in the endocytic and/or secretory functions of neutrophils.
Some Studies On the Use of "Standard Opponents" in Intermale Aggression Testing in Tt Albino Mice (1974)

An investigation involving the use of young, naive, grouped male mice as standard in intermale aggression tests was carried out. Castrated standard were less effective in eliciting fighting behavior from mature, isolated male test animals than intact opponents on the second day of testing. When changes in a number of aggression test parameters were considered with respect to fighting experience, it was found that the most obvious change in behavior was evident between the first and second tests. It seems likely, in the light of studies which compare the round robin test and the standard opponent test that the latter test is a means of precluding much of the conditioning evident in the round robin as well as being a much faster procedure.
Methylation in the initiation region of the first exon suppresses collagen pro-α2(I) gene transcription (1998)

Our previous studies demonstrated that the collagen alpha2(I) gene is hypermethylated in the promoter/first exon region after chemical transformation and the alpha2(I) promoter/first exon is sensitive to methylation in transfection studies. In this paper, we demonstrate that a minimum collagen promoter containing the preinitiation region (-41 to +54) driving luciferase reporter gene was inactivated by DNA methylation as judged by transfection assays. All the methylation sites within the preinitiation region were located in the first exon, not in the promoter. Methylation of the promoter construct inhibited transcription as determined by an in vitro assay, only if proteins were extracted from nuclei using 500 mM NaCl. Gel mobility shift analysis suggested that methylation within the first exon decreased the formation of the largest preinitiation complex while increasing the formation of faster migrating protein-DNA complexes. Competition gel mobility shift analysis indicated that the faster migrating protein-DNA complex could be competed by a smaller initiator probe which did not contain TATA binding region. A protein-DNA complex with increased affinity to methylated sequences was detected using the initiator probe, which contained two methylation sites and no TATA sequence (-25 to 30) suggesting that a separate repressor complex binds to the methylated sequences. Mutations at the methylation sites (+7, +23) in the first exon also increased the protein-DNA complex formation in gel shift analysis and inhibited collagen alpha2(I) transcription as judged by transient transfection and in vitro transcription assays. Therefore, these methylation sites in the preinitiation region are important for transcription of alpha2(I) gene and the protein responsible for the repression of transcription is extractable using high salt nuclear extracts.
Über Amidinium‐Salze und Ketenaminale (1963)

Abstract N.N ′‐Dimethyl‐ N.N ′‐diphenyl‐amidinium‐Salze (I) sind direkt aus Carbonsäuren oder Carbonsäure‐ N ‐methyl‐aniliden mit Phosphoroxychlorid in Methylanilin darstellbar. I‐salze, die in α‐Stellung noch H‐Atome tragen, lassen sich mit starken Basen in ihre Anhydrobasen, Ketenaminale, umwandeln.