gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Aspects of Online Medication Safety in Long-Term Follow-Up of 136 Internet Pharmacies: Illegal Rogue Online Pharmacies Flourish and Are Long-Lived (2013)

Most Internet pharmacies in our study sample were illegal sites within the definition of "rogue" Internet pharmacy. These websites violate professional, legal, and ethical standards and endanger patient safety. This work shows evidence that online pharmacies that act illegally appear to have greater longevity than others, presumably because there is no compelling reason for frequent change in order to survive. We also found that one in five websites revived (closed down and reopened again within four years) and no-prescription sites with limited medicine and patient information are flourishing.
Substrate specificity of an aflatoxin-metabolizing aldehyde reductase (1995)

The enzyme from rat liver that reduces aflatoxin B1-dialdehyde exhibits a unique catalytic specificity distinct from that of other aldo-keto reductases. This enzyme, designated AFAR, displays high activity towards dicarbonyl-containing compounds with ketone groups on adjacent carbon atoms; 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, acenaphthenequinone and camphorquinone were found to be good substrates. Although AFAR can also reduce aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes such as succinic semialdehyde, it is inactive with glucose, galactose and xylose. The enzyme also exhibits low activity towards alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl-containing compounds. Determination of the apparent Km reveals that AFAR has highest affinity for 9,10-phenanthrenequinone and succinic semialdehyde, and low affinity for glyoxal and DL-glyceraldehyde.
Doppler Correction for Surface Movement (1963)

If a radar transmitter and receiver are mounted together in the nose of an aircraft and flown at speed V over flat ground towards a vertical reflector (Fig. 1), then the received signal at the reflector differs in frequency from the transmitted signal by + V /λ (the doppler frequency), where λ is the wavelength of the transmitter. The reflected signal back to the aircraft undergoes a further increase of frequency + V /λ, thus the received signal at the aircraft differs from the transmitted frequency by + 2 V /λ. This difference in frequency, referred to as the doppler shift, is proportional to the speed of the aircraft.
Dehydration of (<i>R</i>)-2-hydroxyacyl-CoA to enoyl-CoA in the fermentation of α-amino acids by anaerobic bacteria (2004)

Several clostridia and fusobacteria ferment alpha-amino acids via (R)-2-hydroxyacyl-CoA, which is dehydrated to enoyl-CoA by syn-elimination. This reaction is of great mechanistic interest, since the beta-hydrogen, to be eliminated as proton, is not activated (pK 40-50). A mechanism has been proposed, in which one high-energy electron acts as cofactor and transiently reduces the electrophilic thiol ester carbonyl to a nucleophilic ketyl radical anion. The 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratases are two-component systems composed of an extremely oxygen-sensitive component A, an activator, and component D, the actual dehydratase. Component A, a homodimer with one [4Fe-4S]cluster, transfers an electron to component D, a heterodimer with 1-2 [4Fe-4S]clusters and FMN, concomitant with hydrolysis of two ATP. From component D the electron is further transferred to the substrate, where it facilitates elimination of the hydroxyl group. In the resulting enoxyradical the beta-hydrogen is activated (pK14). After elimination the electron is handed-over to the next incoming substrate without further hydrolysis of ATP. The helix-cluster-helix architecture of component A forms an angle of 105 degrees, which probably opens to 180 degrees upon binding of ATP resembling an archer shooting arrows. Therefore we designated component A as 'Archerase'. Here, we describe 2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA dehydratase from Acidaminococcus fermentans, Clostridium symbiosum and Fusobacterium nucleatum, 2-phenyllactate dehydratase from Clostridium sporogenes, 2-hydroxyisocaproyl-CoA dehydratase from Clostridium difficile, and lactyl-CoA dehydratase from Clostridium propionicum. A relative of the 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydratases is benzoyl-CoA reductase from Thauera aromatica. Analogous but unrelated archerases are the iron proteins of nitrogenase and bacterial protochlorophyllide reductase. In anaerobic organisms, which do not oxidize 2-oxo acids, a second energy-driven electron transfer from NADH to ferredoxin, the electron donor of component A, has been established. The transfer is catalysed by a membrane-bound NADH-ferredoxin oxidoreductase driven by an electrochemical Na(+)-gradient. This enzyme is related to the Rnf proteins involved in Rhodobacter capsulatus nitrogen fixation.
Consideraciones sobre el proceso de atención médica al infarto del miocardio en el nivel primario de salud. Guantánamo, 2001 (2003)

Se precisan los resultados del proceso atencional al paciente con infarto del miocardio en el municipio de Guantanamo (Policlinica Docente Comunitaria “Omar Ranedo Pubillones”) durante el primer semestre de 2001. Las unidades de analisis se seleccionan mediante un muestreo aleatorio, sistematico y por estratos (n=132 pacientes) e incluyen el total de medicos generales integrales y cardiologos que laboran en el servicio (n=44). La tecnica de recoleccion de la informacion se fundamenta en entrevistas a pacientes y profesionales, auditorias a historias clinicas de pacientes, evaluacion de la competencia profesional, criterios de expertos, entre otras. La calidad de la atencion no es satisfactoria; las deficiencias se relacionan con imprecisiones en los componentes de estructura y proceso, las que impactan significativamente en los resultados de la calidad. Se plantean otras conclusiones y consideraciones con relacion al problema cientifico que se aborda.
Cytokeratin expression in normal human bulbar conjunctiva obtained by impression cytology. (1997)

The normal human conjunctiva demonstrates a unique cytokeratin expression pattern containing cytokeratins characteristic of nonkeratinized, stratified epithelia, as well as others more typical of a simple differentiation pattern, a glandular differentiation pattern, or both. These findings provide a foundation for examining changes in the cytokeratin expression pattern in diseased human conjunctival epithelium using impression cytology.
Neuron: A Tool for Neuroscientists (2001)

NEURON is a simulation environment for models of individual neurons and networks of neurons that are closely linked to experimental data. NEURON provides tools for conveniently constructing, exercising, and managing models, so that special expertise in numerical methods or programming is not required for its productive use. This article describes two tools that address the problem of how to achieve computational efficiency and accuracy.
Pargyline Drops in Glaucoma (1974)

In this study the effect of a single-dose, local instillation of pargyline hydrochloride drops 0.5% on lowering of intraocular tension in human beings was studied. There was a significant lowering of intraocular tension in patients suffering from chronic simple glaucoma and absolute glaucoma.
VIA: A collaborative project integrating mobile technology, video-dance and computer-assisted composition in Rio de Janeiro (2015)

We present the mobile art project VIA, which combined mobile technology, video-dance and computer-assisted music composition. Its main goal was to endow specific locations of Rio de Janeiro with video-dance and computer music performances, accessed through locative media. Summarily, any user equipped with a tablet or smartphone with an Internet connection had free access to multimedia pieces while moving through specific points of Rio de Janeiro. Two technologies were applied: QR code and HiperGeo. The music accompanying the videos derived from Computer-Assisted Composition (CAC), Computer-Generated Assistance (CGA) and ‘Sonification’-related approaches. The music can be interpreted as a sound iconization, based on a computational methodology and assisted by the software OpenMusic, of topological properties of the landscape used as background for the dance. At the end, we speculate on the consequences of a responsive mobile technology applied to art projects of investigative mapping of urban space.
Determination of Isotope Ratios, e.g., in Tracer Work, by an Infrared Absorption Method (1951)

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Matrix Isolation of <i>o</i>‐Quinoid Compounds – 6‐Imino‐2,4‐cyclohexadien‐1‐one and 1,2‐Diimino‐3,5‐cyclohexadiene (1996)

Abstract 6‐Imino‐2,4‐cyclohexadien‐1‐one ( 1b ) and 1,2‐diimino‐3,5‐cyclohexadiene ( 1c ) were generated in high yields from o ‐azidophenol ( 5b ) and o ‐azidoaniline ( 5c ), respectively, by irradiation in argon matrices at 10 K or by flash vacuum pyrolysis (FVP) with subsequent trapping of the products in solid argon. The hydrogen shift in the phenylnitrenes 6 formed as primary intermediates is very rapid, and thus the nitrenes are short‐lived transients even under the conditions of matrix isolation. Ring expansion to azacycloheptatetraenes was not observed. FVP produces the thermodynamically most stable E/Z isomers of the quinones as the main products. Photolysis of the matrix‐isolated quinones results in photostationary equilibria of the E/Z isomers. The stereoisomers were identified by comparison of the matrix IR spectra with ab initio calculations at the RMP2‐FC‐6/31G(d) level of theory.
A phase I study evaluating CC-4047 in patients with advanced solid tumors (2008)

3585 Background: CC-4047 is an IMiD™ compound with immunomodulatory properties and on an equimolar basis in vitro, displays equivalent anti-angiogenic properties; however, CC-4047 gives a greater stimulation of apoptosis, inhibition of COX-2 production, and inhibition of cellular TNF-alpha production relative to thalidomide. This phase I trial was undertaken to determine the maximal tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), and to evaluate for any tumor response. Methods: To be eligible the patients had advanced solid tumors, ECOG performance status of 0 to 2, and adequate organ function. Patients received CC-4047 capsules once daily continuously from days 1 to 21 followed by a 7 day rest. Cycles were repeated every 28 days. DLT during cycle one was defined as any ≥ grade 3 non-hematologic toxicity, febrile neutropenia, grade 4 neutropenia, or platelet count ≤ 25,000/ul. Results: 11 patients, 6 male and 5 female, were enrolled. Patient tumor types included colon (3), prostate (2), and one each of adenocarcinoma unknown primary, breast, lung, melanoma, pancreas, and synovial cell sarcoma. Median age was 60 years (range 45 to 76). Median number of prior systemic therapies was 4 (range 2 to 7). Three patients received 5 mg daily of CC-4047 without any DLTs. The dose was increased to 10 mg of CC-4047 in the subsequent two patients and both had DLTs consisting of dyspnea. The attribution to therapy was complicated by disease progression in both these patients. The CC-4047 dose was then decreased to 7 mg daily and of the 6 patients enrolled at this 7 mg dose level one experienced a DLT of dyspnea. Grade 3 toxicities included neutropenia in 6 (55%) patients, leukocytopenia in 2 (18%) patients, and lymphopenia in 1 (9%). The median number of cycles completed is 2, (range 1 to 5). A patient with advanced, hormone and chemotherapy refractory prostate carcinoma, experienced a 48% decline in PSA and is currently on study for 5 + cycles. Conclusion: The recommended dose for further study in phase II trials of CC-4047 is 7 mg once daily for 21 consecutive days with 7 days off. Dyspnea and grade 3 neutropenia were observed. One patient with advanced prostate cancer experienced a significant decrease in his PSA. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
G90-945 A Gardener's Guide for Soil and Nutrient Management in Growing Vegetables (1990)

How to manage soil and nutrients when growing vegetables is discussed here, as is soil testing, soil pH, organic matter, and the use of commercial fertilizers. Using fertilizers as nutrient sources in growing vegetables is one cultural practice that can improve production if done correctly. This means using the right fertilizer material, applying it at the correct rate and time, and using the proper method of application. Fertilizer needs for vegetables depend on the kind of vegetable grown, chemical properties of the soil, previous cropping history, and adequate water for plant growth. Guidelines here are based on soil chemical properties and the kinds of vegetables grown. It is assumed adequate moisture is available either from rainfall or irrigation. Problems with insects, diseases, herbicide injury, and weather conditions may be difficult to distinguish from soil fertility problems, and can occur at the same time.
Clinical Pathology of the Serum Electrolytes (1967)

Journal Article Clinical Pathology of the Serum Electrolytes Get access Clinical Pathology of the Serum Electrolytes. Edited by F. William Sunderman, M.D., Ph.D., Sc.D., Director, Institute for Clinical Science, Director of Education, Association of Clinical Scientists, Clinical Professor of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa.; and F. William Sunderman, Jr., M.D., Director of Clinical Laboratories and Associate Professor of Pathology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Fla. 51 Contributors, iii and 446 pp.; 97 figs.; 56 tables. $24.50. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1966. Wedemeyer William J., M.D. Wedemeyer William J., M.D. Berkeley, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 48, Issue 2, 1 August 1967, Page 232, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/48.2.232 Published: 06 February 2016
Synthesis and thermal modification of <i>n</i>‐substituted functional polymaleimides (1997)

Abstract Syntheses, advantageous thermal modification and properties of variously N ‐substituted functional polymaleimides are described. Specific thermal properties of the polymers monitored by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are summarized. The facile modification of the functional polymaleimides by thermal or acid‐catalyzed deprotection offers versatile means in functional transformation and lithographic application of the polymers.
Cloning and Characterization of Chromosomal Markers from a Cot-1 Library of Peanut (<b><i>Arachis hypogaea</i></b> L.) (2012)

The cultivated peanut, Arachis hypogaea (AABB, 2n = 40), is an allotetraploid which was probably originated from a hybridization event between 2 ancestors, A. duranensis (A genome) and A. ipaensis (B genome) followed by chromosome doubling. The wild species in the Arachis section are useful genetic resources for genes that confer biotic and abiotic stress resistance for peanut breeding. However, the resource is not well exploited because little information on the genetic, cytogenetic, and phylogenetic relationships between cultivated peanut and its wild relatives is known. Characterization of its chromosome components will benefit the understanding of these issues. But the paucity of information on the DNA sequence and the presence of morphologically similar chromosomes impede the construction of a detailed karyotype for peanut chromosome identification. In our study, a peanut Cot-1 library was constructed to isolate highly and moderately repetitive sequences from the cultivated peanut, and the chromosomal distributions of these repeats were investigated. Both genome and chromosome specific markers were identified that allowed the distinguishing of A and B genomes in tetraploid peanut and a possible karyotyping of peanut chromosomes by FISH. In particular, a 115-bp tandem repetitive sequence was identified to be a possible centromere repetitive DNA, mainly localized in the centromeres of B chromosomes, and a partial retrotransposable element was also identified in the centromeres of B chromosomes. The cloning and characterization of various chromosomal markers is a major step for FISH-based karyotyping of peanut. The FISH markers are expected to provide a reference tool for sequence assembly, phylogenetic studies of peanut and its wild species, and breeding.
Toward precise user-topic alignment in online social media (2015)

Mining users'= topics of interest is one of the most important tasks for social media services. Given known topic associations for some fraction of the users in an online microblogging platform, our goal is to infer the topics of interest for the remaining users in the same site. Specifically, we proposed a novel bi-relational graph model to capture the interactions among users and their shared topics of interests. The proposed graph model contains two sub-graphs: one corresponds to users and the other corresponds to topics. Such a representation allows for effective exploitation of both user homophily relation and topic correlation simultaneously. This is in contrast with previous work where these two factors are considered in isolation. Subsequently, the user interest discovery problem is formulated as a multi-label learning problem on the bi-relational graph, with the goal to estimate the optimized associations between user nodes and topic nodes across the two sub-graphs. Our experiment is carried out with a complete month-long data collected from Twitter and Tumblr via GNIP Decahose <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> and Firehose <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> respectively. The large-scale studies shed light on the effectiveness of inferring user interests based on the underlying social connections.
Assessment of Portal Venous and Hepatic Artery Haemodynamic Variation in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Patients (2016)

The Vmax, MFV, VPI and HARI were significantly less when compared to controls suggesting a reduced portal flow and an increased hepatic arterial flow in patients with NAFLD. Among the parameters, HARI correlated better with the severity of NAFLD followed by VPI.
Adaptive conversion of multimode beam to near-diffraction-limited flattop beam based on dual-phase-only liquid-crystal spatial light modulators (2010)

We propose and demonstrate the adaptive conversion of a multimode beam into a near-diffraction-limited flattop beam in the near field based on a combination of dual-phase-only liquid-crystal spatial light modulators (LC-SLMs) and the stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm. One phase-only LC-SLM redistributes the intensity of the multimode beam, and the other compensates the wavefront of the output beam. The SPGD algorithm adaptively optimizes the phase distributions of dual-phase-only LC-SLMs to reduce the variance between the actual beam shape and the target beam shape. The experimental results on a fiber multimode beam show that the system is capable of adaptively creating square and rectangle flattop beams with desired parameters. Beam quality can be greatly improved by this system. The power in the main lobe of the far-field spot is about 4 times larger than that of the input multimode beam.
Models of Hierarchically Constrained Dynamics for Glassy Relaxation (1984)

A class of models for relaxation in strongly interacting glassy materials is suggested. Degrees of freedom are divided into a sequence of levels such that those in level $n+1$ are locked except when some of those in level $n$ find the right combination to release them, this representing the hierarchy of constraints in real systems. The Kohlrausch anomalous relaxation law, $\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}{(\frac{t}{\ensuremath{\tau}})}^{\ensuremath{\beta}}]$, emerges naturally, and a maximum time scale is found which exhibits a Vogel-Fulcher-type temperature dependence.
BIOLOGÍA Y ALGUNOS DATOS MORFOLÓGICOS DE LA MOSCA DEL BOTÓN FLORAL DE LA PITAYA AMARILLA, DASIOPS SALTANS (TOWNSEND) (DIPTERA: LONCHAEIDAE) EN EL VALLE DEL CAUCA, COLOMBIA (2011)

En este trabajo se presenta informacion sobre la duracion, caracteristicas y habitos de los diferentes estados dedesarrollo de la mosca del boton floral de la pitaya, Dasiops saltans (Townsend) (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) comoresultado de observaciones realizadas en el campo y laboratorio. Los valores promedio obtenidos desdeoviposicion hasta emergencia fueron de 20.85 (± 5.94) dias, huevo: 3.74 dias. Las larvas tienen un tiempo promedio de 9.05 dias desde que los huevos eclosionan, hasta que estas salen de los botones florales en el tercerestado larval para empupar en el suelo. El estado pupal tiene una duracion de 8.06 dias. El adulto vive aproximadamente ocho dias. Dasiops saltans oviposita en los botones florales, y las larvas barrenan las anteras deteniendo asi su crecimiento. Los botones florales afectados por D. saltans se tornan rojizos y caen confacilidad. La presencia de D. saltans se registro durante toda la etapa de floracion en botones florales de 1.0cm a 35.0 cm de longitud.
A Schottky-barrier diode with self-aligned floating guard ring (1984)

A Schottky-barrier diode with self-aligned floating guard ring is described. The device structure requires no additional mask or process step in an advanced bipolar LSI technology featuring polysilicon base contact and self-aligned emitter region [1]. In contrast to conventional guard ring structures, the guard ring is separated from the anode by a sidewall oxide of thickness less than 0.3 µm, allowing independent access to the guard ring. Near-ideal <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I-V</tex> characteristics are obtained. It is shown that the guard ring can be left floating without degrading the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I-V</tex> characteristics of the Schottky diode. In this mode of operation, the advantage of the guard ring is maintained while the depletion capacitance and charge storage due to minority-carrier injection from the p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> -n junction which reduce the effectiveness of the Schottky diode as an antisaturation device are eliminated.
REACTIONS WITH PYRIDINETHIONE DERIVATIVES: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THIENYL[2,3-b]PYRIDINE, PYRIDO[2′,3′:4,5] THIENO[2,3-b]PYRIDAZINE, PYRIDO[2′,3′:4,5] THIENO[2,3-b]-PYRIMIDINONE, PYRAZOLINO [3′,4′:4,5] THIENO[2,3-b]PYRIDINE AND AMINOPYRAZOLO[3,4-b]PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES (1997)

Abstract Thieno[2,3-b]pyridines 5a,b, 2-S-methylacetyl pyridine derivative 7 , 2-S-methyldiaetyl pyridine derivative 7b, 2-S-methylethoxycarbonyl pyridine derivative 12a, 2-S-methylacetylethoxycarbonyl pyridine derivative 12 and 2-S-methyl pyridine derivative 28 , had been obtained via the reaction of pyridinethione 3 with phenacyl bromide derivatives, chloroacetone, α-chloroacetylacetone, chloroethylacetone, α-chloroethylacetoacetate and methyl iodide respectively. Several cyclization reactions were performed with 10% KOH, nitrous acid, hydrazine hydrate, formic acid, acetic anhydride and acetic acid to give an additional ring on the previously obtained new ring system.