gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Aging does not reduce the hepatocyte proliferative response of mice to the primary mitogen TCPOBOP (2004)

It has been shown that the magnitude of DNA synthesis and the time at which maximal DNA synthesis occurs after two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PH) is greatly reduced in the liver of aged rodents compared to young animals. This reduction could represent an intrinsic defect in proliferation or a more specialized change in the response to PH. We therefore evaluated the proliferative capacity of hepatocytes in aged animals, following treatment with primary liver mitogens. We show that treatment of 12-month-old CD-1 mice with the hepatomitogen 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene (TCPOBOP) caused an increase in hepatocyte proliferation similar to that seen in young (8-week-old) mice. The labeling index was 82% in the livers of aged mice versus 76% in young animals. Histological observation demonstrated that the number of hepatocytes entering mitoses was similar in both groups; the mitotic indices were 2.5 per thousand and 2.7 per thousand, respectively. Additional experiments showed that the timing of DNA synthesis and M phase were nearly identical in both aged and young mice. Stimulation of hepatocyte DNA synthesis was associated with increased expression of several cell cycle-associated proteins (cyclin D1, cyclin A, cyclin B1, E2F, pRb, and p107); all were comparable in aged mice and young mice. TCPOBOP treatment also increased expression of the Forkhead Box transcription factor m1b (Foxm 1b) to a similar degree in both groups. In conclusion, hepatocytes retain their proliferative capacity in old age despite impaired liver regeneration. These findings suggest that therapeutic use of mitogens would alleviate the reduction in hepatocyte proliferation observed in the elderly. (Hepatology 2000;40:981-988).
Protective effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine in endotoxemia (1994)

Because oxygen free radicals have been implicated in the endothelial cell damage and in the myocardial depression occurring during severe sepsis, we investigated whether N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) could influence the oxygen extraction capabilities during an acute reduction in blood flow induced by cardiac tamponade after endotoxin challenge. Sixteen anesthetized, saline-infused, and ventilated dogs received Escherichia coli endotoxin (2 mg/kg) 30 min before tamponade was induced by repeated bolus injections of warm saline into the pericardial space. Thirty minutes before endotoxin administration, nine dogs received NAC (150 mg/kg, followed by a 20 mg.kg-1.h-1 infusion); the other seven dogs served as a control group. The NAC group maintained higher cardiac index, oxygen delivery (DO2), and left ventricular stroke work index, but lower systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, than the control group. The oxygen uptake (VO2) levels at critical DO2 (DO2crit) were identical in the two groups. However, DO2crit was significantly lower in the NAC than in the control group (8.1 +/- 1.7 vs. 10.8 +/- 1.8 ml.kg-1.min-1, P < 0.01). Critical oxygen extraction ratio and the slope of the VO2-to-DO2-dependent line were higher in the NAC than in the control group (72 +/- 14 vs. 53 +/- 15% and 0.80 vs. 0.56, respectively; both P < 0.05). The peak lactate and the maximal tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels were lower in the NAC than in the control group (5.2 +/- 0.4 vs. 7.6 +/- 0.4 mM, and 0.14 +/- 0.03 vs. 1.21 +/- 0.58 ng/ml, respectively; both P < 0.01). NAC significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ATHABASCA FORMATION OF WESTERN CANADA (1959)

Geological reports over the past 50 years have so confused the age designation of the Athabasca formation that logic has been abandoned even in the face of new evidence that the current Precambrian designation is untenable. The absolute age of the Athabasca formation cannot be fixed without fossil evidence. Herein, it is tentatively assigned to the Middle Devonian? or Late Cambrian? on the basis of structural relationships and lithologic characteristics, with full awareness of the risk involved in such a practice. The name Martin Lake series is here introduced for the ancient folded and faulted sedimentary-volcanic rocks of the Martin Lake area, which have been erroneously correlated with the Athabasca formation. Recent dating indicates that they are late Early Precambrian and are much older than the “Late Proterozoic” to which they have been assigned. This is an example of the need for a revision of the Precambrian time classification and the abandonment of terms such as Proterozoic, Algonkian, and Archean, which are carry-overs from the old concept of a twofold subdivision of the Precambrian—now known to be at least five to six times as long as the fossil record.
The Robotic Lumbar Spine: Dynamics and Feedback Linearization Control (2013)

The robotic lumbar spine (RLS) is a 15 degree-of-freedom, fully cable-actuated robotic lumbar spine which can mimic in vivo human lumbar spine movements to provide better hands-on training for medical students. The design incorporates five active lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum, with dimensions of an average adult human spine. It is actuated by 20 cables connected to electric motors. Every vertebra is connected to the neighboring vertebrae by spherical joints. Medical schools can benefit from a tool, system, or method that will help instructors train students and assess their tactile proficiency throughout their education. The robotic lumbar spine has the potential to satisfy these needs in palpatory diagnosis. Medical students will be given the opportunity to examine their own patient that can be programmed with many dysfunctions related to the lumbar spine before they start their professional lives as doctors. The robotic lumbar spine can be used to teach and test medical students in their capacity to be able to recognize normal and abnormal movement patterns of the human lumbar spine under flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial torsion. This paper presents the dynamics and nonlinear control of the RLS. A new approach to solve for positive and nonzero cable tensions that are also continuous in time is introduced.
A New Enzyme-linked Sorbent Assay (ELSA) to Quantify Syncytiotrophoblast Extracellular Vesicles in Biological Fluids (2015)

The described ELSA is a rapid and simple method to quantify STBEV in diverse liquid samples, such as blood or perfusion suspension. The reliability of the ELSA was proven by comparison with nanoparticle tracking analysis.
Fluorescence of Dyes Adsorbed on Highly Organized, Nanostructured Gold Surfaces (2002)

It is shown that fluorescent dyes can be adsorbed selectively on gold nanoparticles which are immobilized on a glass substrate and that the fluorescence originating from the adsorbed dyes exhibits significantly less quenching when compared to dyes adsorbed on bulk gold. Self-assembled monolayers of lissamine sulfide molecules have been studied both on bulk gold and on glass surfaces bearing gold nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles have been arranged in ordered, two-dimensional patterns, with periodicity in the microm range and used as substrate for the fluorescent dyes. Optical resolution of the fluorescence originating from the pattern has been achieved with laser-scanning confocal microscopy.
Novel Mediators of Amyloid Precursor Protein Signaling (2009)

Multiple recent reports implicate amyloid precursor protein (APP) signaling in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, but the APP-dependent signaling network involved has not been defined. Here, we report a novel consensus sequence for interaction with the PDZ-1 and PDZ-2 domains of the APP-interacting proteins Mint1, Mint2, and Mint3 (X11alpha, X11beta, and X11gamma), and multiple novel interactors for these proteins, with the finding that transcriptional coactivators are highly represented among these interactors. Furthermore, we show that Mint3 interaction with a set of the transcriptional coactivators leads to nuclear localization and transactivation, whereas interaction of the same set with Mint1 or Mint2 prevents nuclear localization and transactivation. These results define new mediators of the signal transduction network mediated by APP.
Overexpression of Gilz Protects Mice Against Lethal Septic Peritonitis (2018)

Sepsis in humans and experimental animals is characterized by an acute inflammatory response. glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used for the treatment of many inflammatory disorders, yet their effectiveness in sepsis is debatable. One of the major anti-inflammatory proteins induced by GCs is glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ, coded by the TSC22D3 gene). We found that TSC22D3 mRNA expression is downregulated in white blood cells of human sepsis patients. Interestingly, transgenic GILZ-overexpressing mice (GILZ-tg) showed better survival rates in the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of mouse sepsis. To our surprise, GILZ had only mild anti-inflammatory effects in this model, as the systemic proinflammatory response was not significantly reduced in GILZ-tg mice compared with control mice. During CLP, we observed reduced bacterial counts in blood of GILZ-tg mice compared with control mice. We found increased expression of Tsc22d3 mRNA specifically in peritoneal exudate cells in the CLP model, as well as increased capacity for bacterial phagocytosis of CD45 GILZ-tg cells compared with CD45 GILZ-wt cells. Hence, we believe that the protective effects of GILZ in the CLP model can be linked to a more efficient phagocytosis.
ChemInform Abstract: RK. VON TERT. POLYHALOGENALKOHOLEN MIT HALOGENIERENDEN AGENZIEN (1971)

Abstract Die Reaktion der fluorierten tert.‐Butanole (I) sowohl mit Schwefeltetrafluorid als auch mit Phosphorpentachlorid ergibt die Olefine (II).
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐IMIDAZOLINES. III. 1‐ARYL‐ AND 1‐ACYL‐2‐AMINO‐(OR METHOXY)‐4,5‐DIAMINO‐4,5‐DIHYDROIMIDAZOLES. SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES (1980)

Abstract Das Diimmoniumsalz (I) kondensiert mit Guanidinen (IIa) bzw. O‐Methylisoharnstoff (IIb) zu den Amino‐imidazolinen (III).
A MonteCarlo Reflectance ModelforSoil Surfaces withThree-Dimensional Structure (1985)

Abstrat-A MonteCarlosoil reflectance modelhasbeendeveloped tostudy theeffect ofmacroscopic surface irregularities larger thanthe wavelength ofincident flux. Themodeltreats incoherent multiple scattering fromLambertian facets distributed onaperiodic surface. Resulting bidirectional reflectance distribution functions arenon-Lambertian andcomparewellwithexperimental trends reported inthe literature. Examples showing thecoupling oftheMonteCarlosoil model toanadding bidirectional canopyofreflectance modelarealsogiven.
Nondestructive Characterization Techniques Used for Ceramic Matrix Composite Life Determination (2000)

Recent results indicate that the specific damping capacity and resonant frequency measurements taken periodically during a component's lifetime is able to quantify the mechanical fatigue of CMCS. This gives hope for the potential of determining the actual and residual life of CMC materials using a combination of nondestructive techniques. If successful, then this new paradigm for life prediction of CMCs could revolutionize the approach for designing and servicing CMC components, thereby significantly reducing costs for design, development, health monitoring, and maintenance of CMC components and systems. The Nondestructive Characterization (NDC) life prediction approach would complement life prediction using micromechanics and continuum finite element models. This paper reports on the initial concept of NDC life prediction, a review of the C/SiC blisk damping data, and how changes in the specific damping capacity & ultrasonic elastic modulus data have established the concept as a possibility.
hnRNP A1 binds promiscuously to oligoribonucleotides: utilization of random and homo-oligonucleotides to discriminate sequence from base- specific binding (1996)

To understand the range of possible and probable A1 functions in pre-mRNA biogenesis, it is important that we quantify the relative ability (or inability) of A1 to bind high affinity RNA target sequences and/or structures. Using a fluorescence competition assay we have determined apparent binding affinities for a wide range of 20mer oligos containing putative and possible A1 targets including the high affinity 'winner' sequence identified by selection/amplification [Burd,C.G and Dreyfuss,G. (1994) EMBO J. 13, 1197-1204], AUUUA sequences found in 3'-UTRs of labile mRNAs, 5'- and 3'-splice sites and telomeric sequences. With the exception of a 20mer 'winner' sequence, all other 20mers examined bind A1 with a narrow, approximately 10-fold range of affinities extending from 3.2 x 10(6) to 4.2 x 10(7) M(-1). Studies with homo-oligomers suggest this range reflects nucleotide base rather than sequence specificity and hence, it was possible to predict reasonably accurate affinities for all other 20mers examined except for the 'winner', whose unusually high affinity of 4.0 x 10(8) M(-1) results from a unique higher order structure and sequence. Since there is no known physiological role for the 'winner' 20mer sequence, these data suggest A1 generally binds indiscriminately to all available pre-mRNA sequences. Both the large abundance of A1 in vivo and its binding properties are thus consistent with it playing a structural role in pre-mRNA biogenesis.
When Is Vision Useful During a Familiar Manipulatory Task? (1996)

Abstract We asked at what point(s) vision is particularly useful for a simple and familiar peg-in-hole task. Experimental participants performed the task for 200 trials, 100 trials with full vision and 100 trials without vision or with vision at just one of four critical stages — prior to reach onset, when reaching for the peg, when grasping the peg, or when transporting the arm and inserting the peg into the hole. Comparisons of the mean time to perform under these conditions showed a graded forward effect of early vision, such that vision at initial stages facilitated performance at later ones, but with less and less effect on stages that occurred progressively later following visual offset. In most cases, vision was useful in the stage at which it occurred, but an important exception was the grasping stage. Vision provided at the point of grasping did not facilitate grasping but did affect transporting the arm and inserting the peg, as did vision during the transport/insert stage itself. Implications for direct and remote manipulation are considered.
Efficient Entry to Amino Sugars and Derivatives via Asymmetric Organocatalytic Mannich Reactions (2006)

An efficient biomimetic C3+Cn entry to amino sugars and derivatives via a direct asymmetric organocatalytic Mannich methodology employing 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-5-one as a dihydroxyacetone phosphate equivalent and N-PMP or N-Boc protected imines has been developed. The Mannich bases were obtained in high diastereo- and enantiomeric excesses (78% to >99% de, 81-98% ee) and were further elaborated using diastereoselective reduction protocols, as well as via diastereoselective direct reductive amination­ reactions.
Common fate model for unison source separation (2016)

In this paper we present a novel source separation method aiming to overcome the difficulty of modelling non-stationary signals. The method can be applied to mixtures of musical instruments with frequency and/or amplitude modulation, e.g. typically caused by vibrato. It is based on a signal representation that divides the complex spectrogram into a grid of patches of arbitrary size. These complex patches are then processed by a two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform, forming a tensor representation which reveals spectral and temporal modulation textures. Our representation can be seen as an alternative to modulation transforms computed on magnitude spectrograms. An adapted factorization model allows to decompose different time-varying harmonic sources based on their particular common modulation profile: hence the name Common Fate Model. The method is evaluated on musical instrument mixtures playing the same fundamental frequency (unison), showing improvement over other state-of-the-art methods.
β-Substituted organoalkaline tri- and tetra-anions; preparation, stability, and reactivity (1984)

New β,γ-, β,β′-disubstituted organometallic trianions of the type C(Ȳ)C(Ȳ′)(8) and C(Ȳ)C(Ȳ′)(18)(Y = or ≠ Y′= O, PhN), β-substituted organodimetallic trianions of the type C(Ph)(25) with alkali-metal cations (Li, Na, and K), and a lithiated tetra-anion of the type C(Ph)C(Ph)(32) are obtained from the corresponding substituted organomercury(II) compounds via low-temperature mercury-alkali metal transmetallation. The starting organomercurials can be obtained by solvomercuriation from suitable unsaturated systems. These polyanion derivatives are stable species only at temperatures in the range –78 to –100°C; at higher temperatures rapid decomposition takes place via either a β-elimination process or proton abstraction from the reaction media. The new polyanionic compounds are characterized by transformation into their deuterio derivatives with deuterium oxide at low temperature. The thermal decomposition of these organometallic intermediates is also reported. The reactivity of the lithiated trianion derived from isopropylaniline (25a) with different agents (ethyl bromide, dimethyl bisulphide, and trimethylchlorosilane) in a successive or simultaneous way is studied; this process occurs in a regioselective manner.
Chapter 6: Problems (2013)

This chapter is dedicated to a discussion about GO test problems and applications. Neither subject will be discussed in an exhaustive way. With respect to test problems, we have restricted our attention to a class of GO test problems, and discussed through it the issue of carefully selecting a subset of functions which is meaningful with respect to the kind of approach which has to be tested. Other GO test problems are not discussed in detail, but references are given to the existing literature and for some class of test problems the challenging aspects of the class are briefly discussed. With respect to the applications, listing all of them is quite hard due to the large number of publications in this field. Driven by our personal experience, we restrict our attention to four applications (namely molecular conformation, distance geometry, packing, and space trajectory planning problems) and give some pointers to a few others.
Simulating Humans (1993)

During the past decade, high-performance computer graphics have found application in an exciting and expanding range of new domains. Among the most dramatic developments has been the incorporation of real-time interactive manipulation and display for human figures. Though actively pursued by several research groups, the problem of providing a synthetic or surrogate human for engineers and designers already familiar with computer-aided design techniques was most comprehensively solved by Norman Badler's computer graphics laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania. The breadth of that effort as well as the details of its methodology and software environment are presented in this volume. The book is intended for human factors engineers interested in understanding how a computer-graphics surrogate human can augment their analyses of designed environments. It will also inform design engineers of the state of the art in human figure modeling, and hence of the human-centered design central to the emergent concept of concurrent engineering. In fulfilling these goals, the book additionally documents for the entire computer graphics community a major research effort in the interactive control of articulated human figures.
Simplification of DNA proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra by homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn edited two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimplification of DNA proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra by homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn edited two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopyVladimir Sklenar and Juli FeigonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 14, 5644–5645Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00170a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00170a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (2009)

[1109-15-5] C18F15B (MW 511.98) InChI = 1/C18BF15/c20-4-1(5(21)11(27)16(32)10(4)26)19(2-6(22)12(28)17(33)13(29)7(2)23)3-8(24)14(30)18(34)15(31)9(3)25 InChIKey = OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYAC (strong, stable Lewis acid used as a co-catalyst in alkene polymerization and as a catalyst for reduction, allylation, or hydrometallation reactions) Physical Data: mp 126–128 °C (sublimed); 132–134 °C (hexane). Solubility: soluble in hexane, CHCl3, CH2Cl2, toluene, and polar solvents (with formation of Lewis acid–Lewis base complexes). Form Supplied in: white solid or solution in petroleum ether. Analysis of Reagent Purity: 19F NMR. Purification: can be purified by vacuum sublimation or recrystallization from dry hexane. Handling, Storage, and Precautions: avoid any contact with moisture.
A behavioral simulation tool for continuous-time ΔΣ modulators (2003)

Circuit-level simulation of /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators is a time-consuming task (taking one or more days for meaningful results). While there are a great variety of techniques and tools that speed up the simulations for discrete-time (DT) /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators, there is no rigorous methodology implemented in a tool to efficiently simulate and design the continuous-time (CT) counterpart. Yet, in todays low-power, high-accuracy and/or very high-speed demands for A-to-D converters, designers are often forced to resort to the use of CT /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ topologies. In this paper, we present a method for the high-level simulation of continuous-time /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulators that is based on behavioral models and which exhibits the best trade-off between accuracy, speed and extensibility compared to other possible techniques that are reviewed briefly in this work. A user-friendly tool, implementing this methodology, is then presented. Nonidealities such as finite gain, finite GBW, output impedance and also nonlinearities such as clipping, harmonic distortion and the important effect of jitter are modeled. Finally, experiments were carried out using the tool, exploring important design trade-offs.