gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging reveals net retrograde aqueductal flow in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (2015)

OBJECT The objective of this study was to assess the net aqueductal stroke volume (ASV) and CSF aqueductal flow rate derived from phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) in patients with probable idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) before and after ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery, and to compare observations with intracranial pressure (ICP) scores. METHODS PC-MRI at the level of the sylvian aqueduct was undertaken in patients undergoing assessment for probable iNPH. Aqueductal flow in the craniocaudal direction was defined as positive, or antegrade flow, and net ASV was calculated by subtracting retrograde from antegrade aqueductal flow. Aqueductal flow rate per minute was calculated by multiplying net ASV by heart rate. During the same hospital admission, clinical examination was performed using NPH score and overnight continuous ICP monitoring. Twelve patients were followed prospectively 12 months after shunt placement with clinical assessment and a second PC-MRI. The study also included 2 healthy controls. RESULTS Among 21 patients examined for iNPH, 17 (81%) received a shunt (shunt group), and 4 were treated conservatively (conservative group). Among the patients with shunts, a clinical improvement was observed in 16 (94%) of the 17. Net ASV was negative in 16 (76%) of 21 patients before shunt placement and in 5 (42%) of 12 patients after shunt placement, and increased from a median of -5 μl (range -175 to 27 μl) to a median of 1 μl (range -61 to 30 μl; p = 0.04). Among the 12 patients with PC-MRI after shunt placement, 11 were shunt responders, and in 9 of these 11 either a reduced magnitude of retrograde aqueductal flow, or a complete reversal from retrograde to antegrade flow, occurred. Net ASV was significantly lower in the shunt group than in the conservative group (p = 0.01). The aqueductal flow rate increased from -0.56 ml/min (range -12.78 to 0.58 ml/min) to 0.06 ml/min (range -4.51 to 1.93 ml/min; p = 0.04) after shunt placement. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of patients with iNPH, retrograde net aqueductal flow was observed in 16 (76%) of 21 patients. It was reversed toward the antegrade direction after shunt placement either by magnitude or completely in 9 (75%) of 12 patients examined using PC-MRI both before and after shunt placement (p = 0.04); 11 of the 12 were shunt responders. The study results question previously established concepts with respect to both CSF circulation pathways and CSF formation rate.
ChemInform Abstract: CONSTITUTION OF SCHEFFLEROSIDE ‐ A SPERMICIDAL SAPONIN FROM SCHEFFLERA CAPITATA (1978)

While screening Indian plants for biological activities, it was observed that a 2% aqueous solution of the crude 70% aqueous ethanolic extract of Schefflera capitata showed significant activity against both rat and human spermatozoa. The new saponin, melting point 230-232 degrees, gives on acid hydrolysis D(+)-fucose (1 mole), D(+)-galactose (1 mole), D(+)-glucoronic acid (1 mole) and echinocystic acid (1 mole). Its structure has been tentatively assigned to scheffleroside.
Nitrous Oxide Production at a Fully Covered Wastewater Treatment Plant: Results of a Long-Term Online Monitoring Campaign (2016)

The nitrous oxide emissions of the Viikinmäki wastewater treatment plant were measured in a 12 month online monitoring campaign. The measurements, which were conducted with a continuous gas analyzer, covered all of the unit operations of the advanced wastewater-treatment process. The relation between the nitrous oxide emissions and certain process parameters, such as the wastewater temperature, influent biological oxygen demand, and ammonium nitrogen load, was investigated by applying online data obtained from the process-control system at 1 min intervals. Although seasonal variations in the measured nitrous oxide emissions were remarkable, the measurement data indicated no clear relationship between these emissions and seasonal changes in the wastewater temperature. The diurnal variations of the nitrous oxide emissions did, however, strongly correlate with the alternation of the influent biological oxygen demand and ammonium nitrogen load to the aerated zones of the activated sludge process. Overall, the annual nitrous oxide emissions of 168 g/PE/year and the emission factor of 1.9% of the influent nitrogen load are in the high range of values reported in the literature but in very good agreement with the results of other long-term online monitoring campaigns implemented at full-scale wastewater-treatment plants.
Risk-Sensitive Reinforcement Learning for URLLC Traffic in Wireless Networks (2018)

In this paper, we study the problem of dynamic channel allocation for URLLC traffic in a multi-user multi-channel wireless network where urgent packets have to be successfully transmitted in a timely manner. We formulate the problem as a finite-horizon Markov Decision Process with a stochastic constraint related to the QoS requirement, defined as the packet loss rate for each user. We propose a novel weighted formulation that takes into account both the total expected reward (number of successfully transmitted packets) and the risk which we define as the QoS requirement violation. First, we use the value iteration algorithm to find the optimal policy, which assumes a perfect knowledge of the controller of all the parameters, namely the channel statistics. We then propose a Q-learning algorithm where the controller learns the optimal policy without having knowledge of neither the CSI nor the channel statistics. We illustrate the performance of our algorithms with numerical studies.
Impact of flavivirus vaccine-induced immunity on primary Zika virus antibody response in humans (2020)

Our data point to an important role of flavivirus-specific IgM during the transient early stages of infection, by contributing substantially to neutralization and by counteracting ADE. In addition, our results highlight structural differences between strains of Zika and dengue viruses that are used for analyzing infection-enhancement by cross-reactive antibodies. These findings underscore the possible impact of specific antibody patterns on flavivirus disease and vaccination efficacy.
A novel laryngoscope instrument stabilizer for operative microlaryngoscopy (2005)

B-3.
Carbon-phosphorus bond cleavage in triphenylphosphine complexes. Reactions of .eta.5-(cyclopentadienyl)carbonyltriphenylphosphinerhodium and -iridium with pentacarbonylmethylmanganese and -rhenium. Isolation of bridged diphenylphosphido-heterodinuclear metal complexes (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon-phosphorus bond cleavage in triphenylphosphine complexes. Reactions of .eta.5-(cyclopentadienyl)carbonyltriphenylphosphinerhodium and -iridium with pentacarbonylmethylmanganese and -rhenium. Isolation of bridged diphenylphosphido-heterodinuclear metal complexesJ. R. Blickensderfer and H. D. KaeszCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 10, 2681–2685Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00843a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00843a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views130Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Histone-histone interactions within chromatin. Preliminary location of multiple contact sites between histones 2A, 2B and 4 (1979)

The contact-site cross-linkers tetranitromethane, UV light, formaldehyde, and a monofunctional imido ester have been used to generate a collection of histone-histone dimers and trimers from nuclei and chromatin. Four different H2B-H4 dimers have been isolated. Preliminary CNBr peptide mapping has shown that all are cross-linked at different positions that are apparently clustered within the C-terminal regions of these histones. Similarily, two different H2A-H2B dimers and two different H2A-H2B-H4 trimers have been partially characterized. The data suggest a functional map for H2B in which the N-terminal third interacts with DNA, the middle third interacts with H2A, and the C-terminal third interacts with H4. We hope, by pursuing this type of analysis, to develop a detailed understanding of each histone-histone binding interaction through saturation cross-linking of the binding sites.
Soil moisture sensing with commodity RFID systems (2020)

Intelligent irrigation based on measurements of soil moisture levels in every pot in a greenhouse can not only improve plant productivity and quality but also save water. However, existing soil moisture sensors are too expensive to deploy in every pot. We therefore introduce GreenTag, a low-cost RFID-based soil moisture sensing system whose accuracy is comparable to that of an expensive soil moisture sensor. Our key idea is to attach two RFID tags to a plant's container so that changes in soil moisture content are reflected in their Differential Minimum Response Threshold (DMRT) metric at the reader. We show that a low-pass filtered DMRT metric is robust to changes both in the RF environment (e.g., from human movement) and in pot locations. In a realistic setting, GreenTag achieves a 90-percentile moisture estimation errors of 5%, which is comparable to the 4% errors using expensive soil moisture sensors. Moreover, this accuracy is maintained despite changes in the RF environment and container locations. We also show the effectiveness of GreenTag in a real greenhouse.
(<i>R</i>)- and (<i>S</i>)-1,3-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-2- ((diphenylphosphino)methyl)-1-phenylpropane ((<i>R</i>)- and (<i>S</i>)-heliphos):  Solid-State and Solution Conformations of a Chiral, Tripodal Tris(phosphine) Ligand That Is Restrained to One Helical Conformation upon Coordination to a Rhodium(I) Metal Center (1997)

(R)- and (S)-1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)-2-((diphenylphosphino)methyl)-1-phenylpropane ((R)- and (S)-heliphos) were synthesized via an acid-catalyzed, diastereoselective Michael addition of diphenylphosphine to bis(1R,2S,5R)-(−)-menthyl) benzylidenemalonate. The crystal structure of [Rh((R)-heliphos)(NBD)](ClO4) was determined by X-ray diffraction. As predicted by studies of molecular models, the framework of coordinated (R)-heliphos adopted a left-handed (Λ) helical conformation in the solid state, and NMR experiments indicated that it strongly favored this conformation in solution as well. The sense of helicity was controlled by the absolute configuration of the stereogenic carbon atom in the ligand.
Effect of Jet-to-Jet Spacing in Impingement Arrays on Heat Transfer (2002)

Detailed heat transfer measurements are presented for jet impingement through arrays of jet holes. The effect of jet-to-wall spacing, hole-to-hole spacing are studied for inline arrays of holes. The axial and spanwise spacing (S/D) of holes are varied to produce square and rectangular arrays of holes. The results are presented at a jet average Reynolds numbers of 5000, 10000, and 15000. The jet-to-wall spacing is varied from 1 to 5. The arrays of 25 holes are placed to create four different configurations. The first configuration has an axial jet-to-jet spacing (SX/D) of 4 and a jet-to-jet spanwise spacing (SY/D) of 4, the second configuration has a SX/D of 8 and SY/D of 4, and the last configuration has a SX/D and SY/D of 8. Detailed heat transfer measurements are obtained using the transient liquid crystal technique. Results show that increase in jet-to-wall spacing reduces cross-flow effect. Results also show that the increase spacing between jets increases lateral spreading.
Evaluation of plasma osteopontin as early detection and prognostic marker in malignant pleural mesothelioma (2008)

11074 Background: Osteopontin (OPN) has been characterized as an early detection marker in serum of patients with mesothelioma (MM). Existing assays have specified that OPN should be measured in plasma and not serum. This study was designed to (1) validate plasma OPN as a biomarker for MM (2) investigate whether plasma OPN is a prognostic marker for MM. Methods: Plasma OPN from 39 MM (mean age 63+ 8.4 years;9 females, 30 males; 11 Stage I/II, 28 Stage III/IV; 21 having surgical cytoreduction) and from 79 asbestos- exposed (AE) individuals (mean age 63+ 10.6 years; 9 females, 70 males) was measured with the Research and Diagnostics (R&D, Minneapolis MN) and Immuno-Biological Laboratories(IBL,Minneapolis, MN) kits. Differences in OPN levels in MM and AE individuals were compared using ROC curves and sensitivity and false positive rates based on logistic models for each of the test kits. Survival for MM was estimated using Kaplan-Meier curves; comparisons between groups are based on log rank chi-square tests. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated from Cox proportional hazards models. A formal cut point analysis was performed using the maximum chi-square with p value adjustment method to determine the OPN values that were most strongly associated with survival. Results: The area under the ROC curve was 0.93 (R&D, cutpoint corresponding to a sensitivity of 0.91 and false positive rate of 0.23 = 59.6 ng/ml) and 0.96 (IBL, cutpoint corresponding to a sensitivity of 0.91 and false positive rate of 0.10 =132.6 ng/ml). The median overall survival for all 39 MM was 11 months (95% CI: 5, 13) with a 37 month median overall follow up for survivors. Patients with OPN levels greater than or equal to 212.6 ng/ml had 5.7 (95% CI: 2.4, 13.3) times the mortality risk of patients with lower levels (adjusted p value = 0.007). Additional multivariable analyses indicate that lower stage (HR: 5.0; 95% CI: 1.7, 15.0; p = 0.004) and OPN level from the R&D kit less than the cutpoint of 212.6 ng/ml (HR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.5, 8.4; p= 0.004) were significantly associated with improved survival. Conclusions: These data confirm that plasma OPN may be a sensitive discriminator for the development of MM in high risk AE cohorts, and also that OPN levels in MM patients may be of prognostic importance. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Support Vector Machine with the Fuzzy Hybrid Kernel for Protein Subcellular Localization Classification (2005)

In the paper, we present a fuzzy hybrid kernel that combines several conventional kernels by using the TSK model. The major technical merit is to make a more reliable kernel fusing different kernels. Support vector machine (SVM) with the fuzzy hybrid kernel is employed for protein subcellular localization classification. Experimental results indicate that SVM with the new fuzzy hybrid kernel is better than those with conventional kernels
Iron encapsulated nitrogen and sulfur co-doped few layer graphene as a non-precious ORR catalyst for PEMFC application (2015)

A novel strategy was followed to prepare iron nanoparticle encapsulated nitrogen and sulfur co-doped few layer graphene (Fe-NSG) as non-precious ORR electrocatalyst.
Automated high-pressure titration system with <i>in situ</i> infrared spectroscopic detection (2014)

A fully automated titration system with infrared detection was developed for investigating interfacial chemistry at high pressures. The apparatus consists of a high-pressure fluid generation and delivery system coupled to a high-pressure cell with infrared optics. A manifold of electronically actuated valves is used to direct pressurized fluids into the cell. Precise reagent additions to the pressurized cell are made with calibrated tubing loops that are filled with reagent and placed in-line with the cell and a syringe pump. The cell's infrared optics facilitate both transmission and attenuated total reflection (ATR) measurements to monitor bulk-fluid composition and solid-surface phenomena such as adsorption, desorption, complexation, dissolution, and precipitation. Switching between the two measurement modes is accomplished with moveable mirrors that direct the light path of a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer into the cell along transmission or ATR light paths. The versatility of the high-pressure IR titration system was demonstrated with three case studies. First, we titrated water into supercritical CO2 (scCO2) to generate an infrared calibration curve and determine the solubility of water in CO2 at 50 °C and 90 bar. Next, we characterized the partitioning of water between a montmorillonite clay and scCO2 at 50 °C and 90 bar. Transmission-mode spectra were used to quantify changes in the clay's sorbed water concentration as a function of scCO2 hydration, and ATR measurements provided insights into competitive residency of water and CO2 on the clay surface and in the interlayer. Finally, we demonstrated how time-dependent studies can be conducted with the system by monitoring the carbonation reaction of forsterite (Mg2SiO4) in water-bearing scCO2 at 50 °C and 90 bar. Immediately after water dissolved in the scCO2, a thin film of adsorbed water formed on the mineral surface, and the film thickness increased with time as the forsterite began to dissolve. However, after approximately 2.5 h, the trend reversed, and a carbonate precipitate began to form on the forsterite surface, exposing dramatic chemical changes in the thin-water film. Collectively, these applications illustrate how the high-pressure IR titration system can provide molecular-level information about the interactions between variably wet scCO2 and minerals relevant to underground storage of CO2 (geologic carbon sequestration). The apparatus could also be utilized to study high-pressure interfacial chemistry in other areas such as catalysis, polymerization, food processing, and oil and gas recovery.
Material removal dynamics after femtosecond laser pulse excitation of dielectrics (1998)

Summary form only given. An important question for laser-solid interaction is: when does the material removal after the excitation begin, and what are the reasons for the observed material dependencies? To avoid added problems of dealing with the laser-plume interactions, either for fundamental studies or for material processing, the laser pulse width must be shorter than the time necessary for the ablation to develop. In early studies the temporal development of the reflectivity of the surface after strong excitations was investigated by pump-probe technique with fs laser pulses. Recent time-resolved measurements of the carrier dynamics have demonstrated a significant material dependency in the lifetime of excited electrons in the conduction band of dielectrics. While the electrons remain in or closely below the conduction band for over 50 ps in MgO and sapphire, they are trapped deep into the bandgap after only 150 fs in amorphous and crystalline quartz. To determine the onset of the ablation from the surface after intensive laser excitation, we examine the time development of changes in the scattered light from the surface.
Alpha-contained laboratory scale pulse column facility for SRL (1980)

For studying solvent extraction processes, a laboratory-sized pulse column facility was constructed at the Savannah River Laboratory. This facility, in conjunction with existing miniature mixer-settler equipment and the centrifugal contactor facility currently under construction at SRL, provides capability for cross comparison of solvent extraction technology. This presentation describes the design and applications of the Pulse Column Facility at SRL.
Analysis of Mammalian Peroxin Interactions Using a Non-transcription-based Bacterial Two-hybrid Assay (2002)

In recent years, substantial progress has been made in the identification of proteins involved in peroxisome biogenesis. However, with the exception of the peroxisome-targeting signal receptors and the receptor docking proteins, the function of most of these proteins, called peroxins, remains largely unknown. One step toward elucidating the function of a protein is to identify its interacting partners. We have used a non-transcription-based bacterial two-hybrid system to analyze the interactions among a set of 12 mammalian peroxins and a yeast protein three-hybrid system to investigate whether proteins that interact with the same peroxin and have overlapping binding sites cooperate or compete for this site. Here we report a detailed interaction map of these peroxins and demonstrate that (i) farnesylation, and not the CAAX motif, of Pex19p strongly enhances its affinity for Pex13p; (ii) the CAAXmotif, and not farnesylation, of Pex19p strongly enhances its affinity for Pex11pbeta; and (iii) the C(3)HC(4) RING (really interesting new gene) finger domain of Pex12p does not alter the binding properties of Pex5p for the C-terminal peroxisome-targeting signal PTS1. Finally, we show that the Pex5p-Pex13p interaction is bridged by Pex14p and that the latter molecule exists predominantly as a dimer in vivo. Collectively, as demonstrated in this work with peroxins, these results indicate that the bacterial two-hybrid system is an attractive complementary approach to the conventional transcription-based yeast two-hybrid system for studying protein-protein interactions.
Area and Time Efficient Cellular Non-linear Networks (2007)

The use of a reduced set of multipliers or coefficient circuits on cellular processor arrays leads to time and area efficient solutions. The reduced set of multipliers is achievable with the so-called split&shift (S&S) methodology. Data resultant from applying such a methodology to implementations with cellular non-linear networks (CNN) reported in the literature are presented. Also, pixel-level snakes (PLS) are used as benchmark for a more in-depth analysis of our methodology.
Reduction in cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)-induced cytotoxicity, sister chromatid exchange, and DNA interstrand cross-links in 9L cells treated with the polyamine biosynthesis inhibitor (2R,5R)-6-heptyne-2,5-diamine. (1989)

The effects of depletion of intracellular levels of the polyamines putrescine and spermidine on cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)-induced cytotoxicity, sister chromatid exchanges, DNA interstrand cross-linking, and intracellular glutathione levels were studied in 9L rat brain tumor cells pretreated with the ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor (2R,5R)-6-heptyne-2,5-diamine (R,R-MAP). Pretreatment of 9L cells with R,R-MAP for 48 h decreased cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) cytotoxicity with an average dose reduction ratio of 0.55 at both the 5 and 10% survival levels; addition of putrescine partially prevented this effect. The number of sister chromatid exchanges and DNA interstrand cross-links was also reduced (31 and 38%, respectively). Within 24 h of treatment with R,R-MAP, intracellular glutathione levels began to increase relative to untreated control cells and were significantly elevated in R,R-MAP-treated cells 48-72 h after addition of drug. We discuss several mechanisms by which polyamine depletion could reduce cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) toxicity.