gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gallbladder function in experimental cholecystitis. (1981)

Experimental cholecystitis was induced by implanting gallstones from human beings into the gallbladder of the cat. Three months later the concentrating function of the gallbladder, the motility, and hepatic bile flow were studied by a perfusion technique in the anesthetized animal. Gallbladder function was correlated to morphologic changes. After 3 months, the cystic duct was patent in nine animals and bile was found in the gallbladder. In 17 animals the cystic duct was obstructed and colorless contents were found in the gallbladder. Animals with a patent cystic duct showed slight or moderate inflammation and intact concentrating activity in the gallbladder, whereas animals with obstructed animals had pronounced inflammation and continuous fluid "secretion" into the lumen. Both groups had increased bile outflow from the liver. Indomethacin, a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, promptly reversed gallbladder fluid "secretion" into absorption and reduced the increased bile flow to a normal level. These results are discussed in relation to clinical findings in man. A mechanism by which prostaglandins are responsible for the inflammatory gallbladder "secretion" and the increased bile flow from the liver is proposed.
Live Migration-based Resource Managers for Virtualized Environments: A Survey (2010)

Abstract — Virtualization is a technology originally developed for mainframe computing. However, recent developments in the virtualization makes it a key technology to address the problems of modern distributed infrastructure like cloud platforms. Perhaps, one of the most important mechanisms provided by virtualization is the ability to migrate running applications without affecting the end user in a seamless manner. So, virtual machine migration is a promising approach to realize the objectives of efficient, adaptive and dynamic resource manager for virtualized environments. In this the paper, we present the state of art migration based resource managers for virtualized environments, compare and discuss different types of the underlying management algorithms from algorithmic issues standpoint. Keywords- virtualization; live migration; management algorithms; consolidation; orchestration I.
Effect of treatment with botulinum toxin on neurogenic blepharospasm. (1985)

Botulinum toxin type A creates temporary localised flaccid paralysis after injection into skeletal muscle. Thirty four patients with blepharospasm, of whom 28 also had the oromandibular dystonia syndrome, were treated with injections of botulinum toxin type A into the orbicularis oculi, and 28 showed functional improvement after the treatment. A high incidence of local side effects occurred, especially partial ptosis, which was well tolerated. There were no systemic side effects. The average period of relief was 2.5 months, increasing to 2.8 months after a second injection. Functional improvement was limited in patients with severe associated dystonia.
Proposal and demonstration of high spatial resolution BOTDR by correlating signals sampled with narrow-and wide-width window functions (2016)

We propose a novel BOTDR based on cross-correlation analysis of backscattered Brillouin signals that are sampled with two types of window functions in different lengths. The new BOTDR concurrently achieves high spatial resolution and measurements of Brillouin backscattered signal spectra having narrow-width, allowing accurate measurement of distributed Brillouin frequency shift with cm-order spatial resolution. Data processing methods based on a frequency sweep technique and Fast Fourier Transform analysis (FFT) are described. Experiments using FFT verify the performance in the spatial resolution of as short as 20 cm.
Virtual Garment Using Joint Landmark Prediction and Part Segmentation (2019)

We present a novel approach that constructs 3D virtual garment models from photos. Our approach only requires two images as input, one front and one back. We first apply a multi-task learning network that jointly predicts fashion landmarks and parses a garment image into semantic parts. The predicted landmarks are used for deforming a template mesh to generate 3D garment model. The semantic parts are utilized for extracting color textures for the model.
Pathophysiology of Transfusional Iron Overload: Contrasting Patterns in Thalassemia Major and Sickle Cell Disease (2009)

The pathophysiological consequences of transfusional iron overload largely reflect the pattern of excess iron distribution and include cardiomyopathy, endocrinopathy, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Since the introduction of desferrioxamine (DFO) in the late 1970s, these complications have fallen substantially but approximately half of the chelated adult patients with thalassemia major (TM) still show evidence of increased myocardial iron loading by MRI. An understanding of the factors that determine the propensity to extrahepatic iron distribution may be a key to minimizing the pathophysiological consequences of transfusional iron overload. Transfused patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) appear less likely to develop these extrahepatic complications, possibly because plasma nontransferrin-bound iron (NTBI) levels are typically lower than in TM patients at matched levels of iron loading. Other mechanisms that may reduce the extrahepatic iron distribution in SCD include raised plasma hepcidin due to chronic inflammation, lower growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels because of less ineffective erythropoiesis (IE), and induction of heme oxygenase (HO1) by intravascular hemolysis. Further understanding of these mechanisms may help in designing strategies to decrease extrahepatic iron distribution in TM.
Systematic Review of Software Process Modeling and Analysis (2010)

通过软件开发实践,人们逐步地认识到软件产品的质量在很大程度上依赖于产品开发时所使用的过程.软件过程建模是通过特定的方法对软件过程进行抽象、表示和分析以增加对软件过程的理解,同时,可执行的(enactable)软件过程模型可以直接指导实际软件开发活动,进而规范软件开发行为并最终提高软件质量.为了系统地了解软件过程建模方法研究的现状和最新进展,采用系统评价(systematic review)方法对该领域最近10年的主要研究进行了概括和分析.从一系列的相关研究中,选出来自20 个会议和7 种期刊的72 篇文献,作为系统评价的依据.该系统评价回答了如下关于软件过程建模方法的3 个问题,以便从总体上概括和把握该领域的研究:1) 软件过程建模方法主要基于什么范式;2) 软件过程建模方法研究的主要目的集中在哪些方面;3) 软件过程建模方法的研究有哪些新的趋势.同时,在仔细回顾和分析软件过程建模领域研究现状的基础上,给出了一种多维度的集成化软件过程建模方法.该方法有助于解决过程建模领域所面临的主要问题.;Nowadays it has been widely accepted that the quality of software highly depends on the process that iscarried out in an organization. As part of the effort to support software process engineering activities, the researchon software process modeling and analysis is to provide an effective means to represent and analyze a process and,by doing so, to enhance the understanding of the modeled process. In addition, an enactable process model canprovide a direct guidance for the actual development process. Thus, the enforcement of the process model candirectly contribute to the improvement of the software quality. In this paper, a systematic review is carried out tosurvey the recent development in software process modeling. 72 papers from 20 conference proceedings and 7journals are identified as the evidence. The review aims to promote a better understanding of the literature byanswering the following three questions: 1) What kinds of paradigms are existing methods based on? 2) What kinds of purposes does the existing research have? 3) What kinds of new trends are reflected in the current research? Afterproviding the systematic review, we present our software process modeling method based on a multi-dimensionaland integration methodology that is intended to address several core issues facing the community.
Heterosis for seed and other quantitative characters in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) (2006)

Thirty-six F1s obtained from line x tester mating of six high oil content varieties as lines and six low oil content varieties as testers were evaluated for seed and other quantitative characters Low to moderate heterosis in both directions (−ve and +ve) was encountered for days to flower, plant height, number of curable leaves, leaf length, leaf width, 1000-seed weight and seed oil content The traits cured leaf yield, weight of crow foot capsule, crow foot capsule seed weight and seed yield recorded low to high heterosis in negative and positive directions Hybrid Sendarapatty Special x Chama exhibited maximum heterosis of 51.68% for seed yield Hybrids A 145 x Maragadham and A 145 x Chama with moderate heterosis (16.45% and 17.28% respectively) suggest limited possibility in production of seed oil content. Hybrids CM 12 x K 326 and CM 12 x A 119 expressed 100 and 95 per cent heterosis and 76 and 90 per cent heterobeltiosis respectively for cured leaf yield. These may be useful for extraction of phytochemicals and pharmaceutical products.
Currículo na Educação de Surdos: Relações de Poder e Práticas de Significação (1997)

O proposito deste artigo e tematizar a educacao de surdos sob uma perspectiva curricular em funcao de alguns resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida junto a uma escola de surdos. Pretendemos trazer a educacao de surdos os temas emergentes que fazem parte dos novos mapas culturais que permeiam a educacao em geral.
<title>New approach to inexpensive, printed electrochromic displays</title> (1994)

In developing some initial ideas on inexpensive 'smart structures' which could sense, indicate, record and respond, it became apparent to us that a cheap, lightweight, flexible and versatile display mechanism would be of considerable commercial utility for this and many other applications. We therefore initiated a probe to look at what might be possible, focussing mainly on electrochromic systems.
Programming the Ubiquitous Network: A Top-Down Approach (2006)

Abstract. A ubiquitous network is characterised by a large number of small computers embedded in our environment. Writing distributed applications for this kind of network can be a challenging task. Pro-gramming and re-programming each single device is not feasible; it is too time consuming, too costly and too error prone. We argue that a top-down approach to writing applications is useful. We propose a high-level language that can specify a ubiquitous network’s global behaviour. A compiler can automatically generate device-level executables from this global specification. 1
[Atmospheric deposition of polychlorinated naphthalenes in Dongjiang River basin of Guangdong Province]. (2012)

Atmospheric deposition of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) was investigated at 11 sites in Dongjiang River basin of Guangdong Province during the winter (January and February) and summer (July and August) of 2010 to assess the effect of PCNs on those areas. The average daily deposition fluxes of total PCNs was 828 pg x (m2 x d)(-1), and the corresponding TEQ was 0.14 pg x (m2 x d)(-1). Based on these values, the presumed average annual deposition value of sigma PCNs was 8.5 kg for Dongjiang River basin within Guangdong province, while the corresponding TEQ was 1.3 g. Spatially, the average daily deposition fluxes of PCNs in Guangzhou and Dongguan were much higher than that in Huizhou, and the fluxes were higher in urban areas than those in rural areas. Seasonally, the fluxes were generally higher in summer than those in winter. Tri-CNs dominated the deposition fluxes in all samples and contributed to more than 50% of total PCNs. In addition, higher contents of high chlorinated PCNs (penta-CNs to octa-CN) were found in Guangzhou and Dongguan in comparison with Huizhou. Combustion and other sources may both contribute to the PCNs emission in the Dongjiang River basin. Combustion related source may be the main contributor of PCNs in Dongguan; while non-combustion related source may dominate the contribution to the site of Guangzhou.
Bearing only Tracking of Maneovuring Targets Using a Single Coordinated Turn Model (2010)

The passive tracking of manoeuvring objects using line of sight (LOS) angle measurements only is an important field of research in the application areas of submarine tracking, aircraft surveillance, autonomous robotics and mobile systems. In this paper, the tracking of target dynamics is treated as a system identification problem. We propose to use the coordinated turn (CT) model along with extended Kalman filter to track all possible dynamics such as velocity, acceleration and coordinated turn of manoeuvring targets. Simulations are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach and the results obtained are promising.
Prevention of Cancer of the Oral Cavity and Pharynx (1987)

Multiple environmental factors and a multistage pathogenic mechanism appear to be involved in oropharyngeal carcinogenesis. Tobacco and alcohol are the most important risk factors, but other agents may also contribute to malignant transformation. Individual susceptibility to environmental carcinogens, although significant, is still incompletely understood. Based on our present-day knowledge of risk factors, prevention should be possible in about two thirds of all oropharyngeal cancers. It cannot be achieved, however, without both public and professional education. A rational approach to prevention of oropharyngeal cancer should start in school before habits are formed, continued throughout adolescence, and reinforced in adults. Reduction or elimination of risk factors is of prime importance. For those who cannot quit tobacco, a reduction of tar content in cigarettes, cigars, pipes, and chewing tobacco, and elimination of nitrosamines, especially from smokeless tobacco, might also help to reduce risks. Control of chronic alcoholism is more difficult, but diet supplementation, especially with proteins, vitamins, and trace metals, would decrease the promoter effect of alcohol. Control of occupational risks is of less significance. The clinician must have a state-of-the-art understanding of all known risk factors for the prevention, early detection, and control of oropharyngeal cancer. The history should review in detail exposure to tobacco, alcohol, actinic radiation, and other agents. Age of first exposure or onset of habit; duration (years); quantity of tobacco smoked, chewed, or snuffed; and its relationship with the anatomic site at risk should all be precisely recorded. Exposure to alcohol or any other risk factor should be evaluated in the same way. This review has emphasized the relationship between the various risk factors and the site prevalence of malignant lesions. Habits, customs, and cultures, as well as anatomic physiologic factors, all have a bearing on the actual target sites at which the carcinogen(s) and promotor(s) are brought in contact with the oral mucosa. Habits and customs vary widely, both geographically and among individuals. Dentists and physicians should be aware of these individual factors as they examine their patients.
A liquid biopsy for head and neck cancers (2015)

Head and neck cancer patients often present with advanced metastatic disease resulting in a poor 5-year survival. Therefore, there is a need for non-invasive diagnostic tools that could complement conventional imaging to inform clinicians of patient outcomes and treatment responses. A liquid biopsy addresses this unmet clinical need; a simple peripheral blood draw could provide information about the disseminated disease in terms of circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA. Moreover, detectable tumor DNA in the saliva of head and neck cancer patients could signify the early signs of the disease and present an opportunity for clinical intervention. This review provides an overview of the current literature with regard to the feasibility of such a test in the head and neck cancer field and highlights the need for such a test.
Handmade online: the crafting of commerce, aesthetics and community on Etsy.com (2019)

Etsy.com is an online marketplace for the buying and selling of handcrafted objects. As a part of the independent/DIY craft subculture, Etsy.com offers a unique glimpse into the world of contemporary, independent craftspeople. Though only three years old, Etsy has been exceptionally successful in creating a unique space for craftspeople to interact with peers, as well as sell their objects to an ever-growing customer base. Beginning with an analysis of the website's technological and socio-cultural precursors, I interrogate Etsy's self-presentation as a company interested in both commerce and community. In turn, sellers maintain high expectations for what the website can and will help them to achieve. I explore the aesthetics of the objects promoted on Etsy with particular attention to the traditionally gendered nature of craftwork, reconfigured notions of labor and leisure, and the perceived benefits and drawbacks of individual artists working inside a private, for-profit company.
Treatment of Advanced Head and Neck Cancer: What Lessons Have We Learned? (2006)

Treatment of advanced squamous cell cancers of the head and neck (HNSCC) can be a frustrating endeavor. Early diagnosis may be missed by delay on the part of patients or their physicians and dentists. Patients are often elderly and have multiple medical or social comorbidities. HNSCC is an interdisciplinary disease, with optimum management requiring the input of the medical, radiation, and surgical oncologist, as well as pathologist, dentist, speech pathologist, social worker, and a dedicated home caregiver. The necessary specialists for optimum management may not be present near the patient’s home, necessitating ad hoc clinical teams or further delay and dislocation of the patient and caregiver for an extended treatment period. Numerous phase II and phase III studies have been performed with the hope of improving survival and preserving organ function in locally advanced disease. We now know that survival is improved by radiation administered concurrent with chemotherapy, but there are added toxicities. 1 We also know that radiation with chemotherapy can result in survival that approximates the survival obtained by radical surgery followed by radiation therapy, especially if surgical salvage is performed at early signs of residual or recurrent disease. 2,3 We know less about what the optimal radiation regimen or chemotherapy regimen should be for an individual patient. Currently, standard therapy for locally advanced HNSCC could be radiation administered daily, twice daily, or in a concomitant boost regimen, with or without intensity-modulated radiation therapy, together with a platinum-based chemotherapy. When complete response is obtained, a planned neck dissection is often performed in those patients whose disease was at least N2 at presentation. If complete response is not obtained, resection of the primary and/or regional nodes is performed as is feasible. Standard care could also be surgery, followed by radiation therapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy. These modalities generally result in a 5-year survival rate of 20% to 65%, depending on stage and primary site. The choice of treatment is often dictated by the primary site, patient preferences (eg, organ preservation), and the experience of the treatment team.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of 2-Amino-4-phosphonobutanoic Acids by Conjugate Addition of Lithiated Schöllkopf's Bislactim Ethers to Vinylphosphonates (2003)

Conjugate additions of lithiated bislactim ethers derived from cyclo-[Gly-Val] and cyclo-[Ala-Val] to alpha-, beta-, or alpha,beta-substituted vinylphosphonates allow direct and stereoselective access to a variety of 3- or 4-monosubstituted and 2,3-, 2,4-, or 3,4-disubstituted 2-amino-4-phosphonobutanoic acids (AP4 derivatives) in enantiomerically pure form. The relative stereochemistry was assigned by X-ray diffraction analysis or NMR study of 1,2-oxaphosphorinane derivatives. Competitive eight-membered "compact" and "relaxed" transition-state structures are invoked to rationalize the stereochemical outcome of the conjugate additions.
Towards autonomic web services (2005)

Autonomic Computing was introduced to reduce the complexity of managing computing systems; however, the heterogeneous nature existing in most computing systems introduces some difficulty to achieve this target. Moreover, the notion of service as a computing component that seamlessly collaborates with other services in a loosely-coupled manner to perform complicated tasks was introduced by Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA); and then, fertilized by Web Services that added open standards to different roles and operations involved in a community of services; however, in order to gain the expected benefits of Web Services, the latter should be able to survive in normal and abnormal conditions. Our research aims at finding a hyper solution to that two-dimensional problem by allowing both Autonomic Computing and Web Services paradigms to lend each other their distinct features. First, Web Services lend Autonomic Computing the concept of platform-independency; second, Autonomic Computing lends Web Services the attributes providing self-management. The focus of this paper will be on how the self-healing autonomic attribute can be implemented and applied using Web Services.
Stimulation-induced structural changes at the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria of hippocampal neurons (2018)

Neurons exhibit stimulation-induced ultrastructural changes such as increase of thickness and curvature of the postsynaptic density, decrease in contact area between subsurface cistern and plasma membrane, and formation of CaMKII clusters and synaptic spinules. These structural characteristics help in identifying the activity state of the neuron and should be taken into consideration when interpreting ultrastructural features of the neurons. Here in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures where experimental conditions can be easily manipulated, two additional features are documented in forebrain neurons as reliable benchmarks for stimulation-induced structural changes: (1) The neuronal nucleus showed conspicuous clustering of dark chromatin, and (2) the endoplasmic reticulum formed stacks with a uniform gap of ~ 13 nm filled with dark materials. Both structural changes progressed with time and were reversible upon returning the slice cultures to control medium. These stimulation-induced structural changes were also verified in dissociated hippocampal neuronal cultures and perfusion-fixed brains. In hippocampal slice cultures, the neuronal chromatin clustering was detectable within 30 s of depolarization with high K<sup>+</sup> (90 mM) or treatment with NMDA (50 μM). In contrast, the formation of ER cisternal stacks did not become apparent for another 30 s. Importantly, in dissociated neuronal cultures, when the extracellular calcium was chelated by EGTA, treatment with high K<sup>+</sup> no longer induced these changes. These results indicate that the stimulation-induced chromatin clustering and formation of ER stacks in neurons are calcium-dependent. Additionally, mitochondria in neuronal somas of tissue culture samples consistently became swollen upon stimulation. However, swollen mitochondria were also present in some neurons of control samples, but could be eliminated by blocking basal activity or calcium influx. This calcium-dependent structural change of mitochondria is specific to neurons. These structural changes may bring insights to the neuron's response to intracellular calcium rise upon stimulation.
Acute Effects of Different Intensities of Exercise in Normoalbuminuric/ Normotensive Patients With Type 1 Diabetes (2004)

We have demonstrated that normotensive, normoalbuminuric patients without anti-angiotensin II therapy do not have elevated albumin excretion following exercise intensities experienced by most patients with type 1 diabetes.