gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ectopic pregnancy: an update (2000)

This review addresses recent publications that investigate etiology, epidemiology and different modalities in diagnosis and therapy for ectopic pregnancy. A significant proportion of recent work has focused in the development of new diagnostic tools to aid in the early detection of ectopic pregnancy. Diagnostic modalities have included systemic and local markers, vascular endothelial growth factor, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, cervical fetal fibronectin, and hormonal level determinations. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, color flow mapping and endometrial thickness have been evaluated. New studies have investigated controversial issues related to the cost of the medical versus surgical treatment and the use of different medications and techniques for the management of ectopic pregnancy. Most important of all, several lines of investigation have addressed the use of human chorionic gonadotropin, algorithms, and scoring systems as prognostic indicators of successful therapy and to determine the risk of complications. The management of cervical, interstitial and heterotopic pregnancy is evaluated in this review and a summary of recent proposed diagnostic tools and concepts in management is also presented.
Units for the evaluation of uterine contractility (1987)

An improved system of units is proposed for evaluating the contractile activity of the myometrium. Mean active pressure (in kPa) provides the best overall measure of contractility. This measure is broadly compatible with studies quoting 'uterine activity integral' in kPa s per 15 min, but may be applied to any period of time. Units are suggested for measuring the amplitude, frequency and duration of contractions. It is shown that these are independent variables, and that mean active pressure is the numerical product of these three components.
Detection and recognition of television commercials (1999)

TV commercials are interesting in many respects: advertisers and psychologists are interested in their influence on human purchasing habits, while parents might be interested in shielding their children from their influence. In this paper, two methods for detecting and extracting commercials in digital videos are described. The first method is based on statistics of measurable features and enables the detection of commercial blocks within TV broadcasts. The second method performs detection and recognition of known commercials with high accuracy. Finally, we show how both approaches can be combined into a self-learning system. Our experimental results underline the practicality of the methods.
Electronic resonance enhancement of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (1978)

We analyze the enhancement of the coherent anti-Stokes Raman-scattering (CARS) susceptibility when the frequencies of the waves involved are tuned into resonance with discrete and continuum one-photon absorptions, and discuss the applications. We first derive the expression for the susceptibility by means of the usual iterative treatment of density-matrix perturbations. We then show that this derivation can be done in a straightforward manner by means of a time-ordered diagrammatic representation, which brings novel physical insight into CARS mechanisms. This representation can also be used to analyze the transient behavior of CARS as the pump fields are turned on and off. In addition, we discuss resonant CARS spectroscopy in the gas phase. The spectrum is composed of the expected enhanced Raman lines and also of double-electronic-resonance lines. All these lines occur as doublets. We derive their relative intensities based on detunings, collisional broadening, Franck-Condon overlap integrals, and rotational transition moments. The line contours are predicted by representing the susceptibility in the complex plane. The problems arising from saturation and the optical Stark effect are also considered; all should be small below pump densities of 100 MW/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ in gas mixtures near STP. Fluorescence interference is negligible, except at power densities high enough for the Stark effect to be large. Beam absorption is also negligible at STP if the resonant species' concentration is less than 1000 ppm; phase matching is then satisfied. Finally, an experimental resonant CARS spectrum of ${\mathrm{I}}_{2}$ at 1 mb in air near STP is presented and interpreted; the susceptibility is about 400 times larger than that of ${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ off resonance and under the same thermodynamic conditions.
Synthesis and properties of fatty acid esters of cellulose (2007)

Cellulose esters with linear aliphatic acyl substituents [C8 (octanoyl chloride) to C18 (stearoyl chloride)] were synthesized in homogeneous solution (DMAc/LiC1) using triethylamine (TEA) as acid-scavenger and characterized by means of elemental analysis, FT-IR and CP/MAS 13 C Solid State NMR spectroscopy. Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that solvent exchange has no effects on the crystallinity of cellulose, but crystallinity structure was destroyed after esterification in DMAc/LiC1 homogeneous solution. SEM results suggested that fibril structure was also destroyed after esterification. Glass transition temperature (T ) of cellulose octaonate (C8) increased linearly with degree of substitution (DS) from 61°C for 0.08 to 172°C for 1.57. At the experimental conditions, side-chain crystallization occurred with increasing linear aliphatic side-chain length to C18.
Unsupervised video-shot segmentation and model-free anchorperson detection for news video story parsing (2002)

News story parsing is an important and challenging task in a news video library system. We address two important components in a news video story parsing system: shot boundary detection and anchorperson detection. First, an unsupervised fuzzy c-means algorithm is used to detect video-shot boundaries in order to segment a news video into video shots. Then, a graph-theoretical cluster analysis algorithm is implemented to classify the video shots into anchorperson shots and news footage shots. Because of its unsupervised nature, the algorithms require little human intervention. The efficacy of the proposed method is extensively tested on more than five hours of news programs.
Offen sein, Trends sehr früh wahrnehmen, Vernetzungen erkennen (1989)

"Für alles offen sein bedeutet, den Blick für das Wesentliche zu verlieren, sich zu verzetteln. Trends sind doch nur Modewellen, die bereits vorüber sind, wenn man sie erkannt hat", sagte ein aktiver Verkaufsleiter in einem Strategieseminar. Welche Einstellung haben Sie?
New fast wavelet packet transform algorithms for frame synchronized speech processing (2002)

The author presents orthogonal overlapped block transforms as a frame synchronized signal analysis tool with the capability of arbitrary multiresolution time-spectral decomposition of speech signals. His prime interest is in the representation of nonstationary discrete-time signals in terms of wavelet packets, and he concentrates on their fast transform algorithms. Wavelet packet representations provide a local time-spectral description which reveals the nonstationary nature of a signal. They allow the speech signal to be accurately parameterised for such applications as speech and speaker recognition, where a front-end is responsible for the frame synchronized feature extraction. In this case the fast overlapped block transform algorithms represent an elegant and efficient solution to the implementation of wavelet packet transforms, since their FFT-like lattice block structure provides all possible multiresolution time-spectral coefficients. The frame synchronization is also preserved in subbands which allows a new subband-based approach for speech recognition.
Homocysteine in tissues of the mouse and rat. (1984)

A method for the determination of L-homocysteine (Hcy) in tissues is described, which involves adsorption of adenosine and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy) in the tissue extract to dextran-coated charcoal, while leaving Hcy in solution. Sufficient dilution of the tissue homogenates and the presence of a reducing agent during the adsorption step are required to obtain high recovery of Hcy. Hcy is condensed with radioactive adenosine, and labeled AdoHcy is quantified by high performance liquid chromatography on a 3-micron reversed phase column. The amount of Hcy was determined in several tissues (liver, kidney, brain, heart, lung, and spleen) of mice and rats, and the concentrations of Hcy were in the range 0.5-6 nmol/g, wet weight. Hcy concentration was about 1 microM in mouse plasma. In mice, liver contained the highest amount of Hcy, and kidneys were also rich in Hcy. Similar concentrations were found in rat tissues. S-Adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) hydrolase (EC 3.3.1.1), the enzyme which is believed to catalyze the only pathway leading to Hcy formation in vertebrates, was nearly completely inactivated in mice injected with the drug combination 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine plus 2'-deoxycoformycin. This treatment induced a massive accumulation of AdoHcy in all tissues (Helland, S., and Ueland, P. M. (1983) Cancer Res. 43, 1847-1850). The amount of Hcy increased several-fold in kidney, whereas no change was observed in liver, heart, brain, lung, and spleen.
DSP data memory layouts optimized for intermediate address pointer updates (2002)

Dedicated address generation units (AGUs) in modern digital signal processors (DSPs) support data memory access by indirect addressing with subsequent address pointer modification in parallel to other machine operations. In this paper, we present an integrated data memory layout and address register assignment optimization procedure. This technique allows to reduce both execution time and code size of DSP programs. Our generic AGU model is consistent with AGUs of contemporary fixed-point DSPs. It captures important addressing capabilities of DSPs such as linear addressing, module addressing and auto-modifying within a given auto-modify range. There is no address computation overhead if the next address is within the auto-modify range. We exploit multiple address pointer update opportunities between data memory accesses. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique significantly outperforms existing optimization strategies.
A novel CSI-fed induction motor drive (2006)

Current source inverter (CSI) fed drives are employed in high power applications. The conventional CSI drives suffer from drawbacks such as harmonic resonance, unstable operation at low speed ranges, and torque pulsation. This paper presents a novel CSI drive which overcomes all these drawbacks and results in sinusoidal motor voltage and current even with CSI switching at fundamental frequency. The proposed CSI drive uses a three-level inverter as an active filter across motor terminals replacing the bulky ac capacitors used in the conventional drive. A sensorless vector controlled CSI drive based on proposed configuration is developed. The simulation and experimental results are presented. Experimental results show that the proposed drive has stable operation even at low speeds. Comparative results show that the proposed CSI drive has improved torque ripple compared to the conventional configuration.
Pointing in an auditory interface for blind users (2002)

Graphical user interfaces represent a potential barrier for blind computer users. In particular the mouse pointing device is difficult to adapt to non-visual interaction. An adaptation was developed which created an auditory space based on the metaphor of the cursor as microphone. Experiments carried out suggest that-though this auditory interaction will never rival the efficiency of visual interaction-it would be viable for some operations.
DECENTRALIZED COORDINATED CONTROL OF MULTI-INFEED HVDC SYSTEM FOR DAMPING INTER-AREA OSCILLATION (2009)

An important concern in the operation of multi-infeed high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems is the inter-area low-frequency oscillation due to the long-distance bulk-power transmission. In this paper, a decentralized coordinated control design is presented for the improvement of inter-area oscillations in the multi-infeed HVDC system. The HVDC modulation controllers are designed based on Linear-quadratic regulator (LQR) optimal method and decentralized observers. Without degradation of controller performance, only the local measurements are required for each damping controller, which greatly reduces the communication burden. A 7-generator, 2-HVDC system was used as the test system. The eigenvalue analysis and nonlinear time domain simulation have demonstrated the validity of the proposed decentralized controllers.
A new audio-visual control using message object transmission (1994)

This paper presents a method for controlling audio-visual (AV) devices using message object transmission. The validity of the new method is verified using a trial model. This method realizes system software for performing processes like startup, control and display using the object-oriented concept. A control object is transmitted from an AV terminal device to another AV terminal device when they are connected. For startup or control, the first AV terminal does not use a control code as was done in the conventional control of AV terminals. Instead it transmits a message object corresponding to a control object which has been transmitted in advance. The advantages of using this method include the following: (1) it is possible to absorb the differences between devices, for instance the difference in control codes; (2) users need have no knowledge about the device drivers; and (3) the memory capacity required to control the AV controllers can be minimized. Furthermore, if the AV terminal's control microcomputer has an RPC (remote procedure call) function, it is possible to control the AV terminals in a distributed network environment. This can be done by sending a procedure call to the AV terminal device in the form of a message to startup the object in the AV terminal device.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pilot-scale parametric testing of spray dryer SO2 scrubber for low-to-moderate sulfur coal utility applications. Final report Feb 80-Mar 81 (1984)

The report gives results of a comprehensive, pilot, dry, SO2 scrubbing test program to determine the effects of process variables on SO2 removal. In the spray dryer, stoichiometric ratio, flue gas temperature approach to adiabatic saturation, and temperature drop across the spray dryer significantly affected SO2 removal. In the fabric filter, stoichiometric ratio and temperature approach to adiabatic saturation controlled SO2 removal. Recycling FGD/fly ash product solids enhanced SO2 removal over that of lime-only once-through operation. The technoeconomic evaluation, based on test results, showed that a dry SO2 scrubbing system is economical compared to limestone wet FGD/particulate control systems for coal levels up to about 1.5-1.8 wt %.
Sinkhorn Distances: Lightspeed Computation of Optimal Transportation Distances (2013)

Optimal transportation distances are a fundamental family of parameterized distances for histograms. Despite their appealing theoretical properties, excellent performance in retrieval tasks and intuitive formulation, their computation involves the resolution of a linear program whose cost is prohibitive whenever the histograms' dimension exceeds a few hundreds. We propose in this work a new family of optimal transportation distances that look at transportation problems from a maximum-entropy perspective. We smooth the classical optimal transportation problem with an entropic regularization term, and show that the resulting optimum is also a distance which can be computed through Sinkhorn-Knopp's matrix scaling algorithm at a speed that is several orders of magnitude faster than that of transportation solvers. We also report improved performance over classical optimal transportation distances on the MNIST benchmark problem.
Neumatocele gigante. A propósito de un caso. (2010)

Describimos el caso clínico de un paciente de 2 años de edad que ingresa en <br />nuestro Servicio con una neumonía extensa de hemitórax izquierdo complicada con <br />derrame pleural que en su evolución presenta un neumatocele gigante. El paciente <br />recibe tratamiento con cefotaxima, vancomicina y ciprofloxacina; se le realiza <br />técnica de drenaje percutáneo para evacuar la cavidad y el paciente evoluciona <br />favorablemente. Se realiza una revisión sobre el neumatocele que es una <br />complicación generalmente asociada a la neumonía estafilocóccica aunque puede <br />ser causado por otros agentes patógenos. Presentamos este caso ya que pensamos <br />que a pesar de no ser muy frecuente este tipo de complicación en las neumonías <br />por neumococo que es la etiología más frecuente de las neumonías bacterianas en <br />nuestro medio, siempre lo debemos de tener en cuenta, sobre todo, en los casos <br />que se sospeche que sea causada por estafilococo, por la evolución de esta <br />patología que, a veces, puede durar varios meses y, en ocasiones, puede <br />desarrollar un evento fatal si no se sigue correctamente por el médico de <br />asistencia. Palabras clave: Neumatocele, neumonía, complicaciones, niños.
A PROLOG-based expert system for tuning MVS/XA (1989)

This paper will discuss some of the issues involved in building an Expert System that embodies tuning rules for IBM's MVS/XA operating system. To understand the components of an Expert System and their functions, PROLOG on an IBM PC (Turbo-PROLOG from Borland International) was chosen as the development environment. The paper will begin by defining the key concepts about Expert Systems, Knowledge Engineering, and Knowledge Acquisition. The reader will be given a brief overview of PROLOG, from which we can explain how an inference mechanism was developed. Finally, the paper will describe the Expert System that was developed, and additionally will provide a set of key issues that should be addressed in the future. It is our overall objective to provide new insight into the application of AI to CPE.
Arabidopsis OST1 Protein Kinase Mediates the Regulation of Stomatal Aperture by Abscisic Acid and Acts Upstream of Reactive Oxygen Species Production (2002)

During drought, the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) triggers stomatal closure, thus reducing water loss. Using infrared thermography, we isolated two allelic Arabidopsis mutants (ost1-1 and ost1-2) impaired in the ability to limit their transpiration upon drought. These recessive ost1 mutations disrupted ABA induction of stomatal closure as well as ABA inhibition of light-induced stomatal opening. By contrast, the ost1 mutations did not affect stomatal regulation by light or CO(2), suggesting that OST1 is involved specifically in ABA signaling. The OST1 gene was isolated by positional cloning and was found to be expressed in stomatal guard cells and vascular tissue. In-gel assays indicated that OST1 is an ABA-activated protein kinase related to the Vicia faba ABA-activated protein kinase (AAPK). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were shown recently to be an essential intermediate in guard cell ABA signaling. ABA-induced ROS production was disrupted in ost1 guard cells, whereas applied H(2)O(2) or calcium elicited the same degree of stomatal closure in ost1 as in the wild type. These results suggest that OST1 acts in the interval between ABA perception and ROS production. The relative positions of ost1 and the other ABA-insensitive mutations in the ABA signaling network (abi1-1, abi2-1, and gca2) are discussed.
Percutaneous Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in a Swine Model (1997)

We found that uncovered stents reduce the likelihood of aneurysm rupture in a swine model without blocking arterial branches. The presence of coils enhanced filling of the lumen by collagen.
A fast mean-distance-ordered partial codebook search algorithm for image vector quantization (1993)

A new fast search algorithm for vector quantization using the mean of image vectors is proposed. The codevectors are sorted according to their component means, and the search for the codevector having the minimum Euclidean-distance to a given input vector starts with the one having the minimum mean-distance to it, making use of our observation that the two codevectors are close to each other in most real images. The search is then made to terminate as soon as a simple yet novel test reports that any remaining vector in the codebook should have a larger Euclidean distance. Simulations show that the number of calculations can be reduced to as low as a fourth the number achievable by an algorithm known as the partial distance method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Comparative genomics of rumen methanogens : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand (2016)

Methane (CH4) emissions from agriculture represent around 9% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. The single largest source of this CH4 is animal enteric fermentation, predominantly from ruminant livestock, where it is produced mainly in their fermentative forestomach (or reticulo-rumen) by a group of archaea known as methanogens.\nIn order to reduce CH4 emissions from ruminants, it is necessary to understand the role of methanogenic archaea in the rumen, and to identify their distinguishing characteristics that can be used to develop CH4 mitigation technologies. To gain insights into the role of methanogens in the rumen environment, two methanogens have been isolated from ovine rumen and their genomes were sequenced: methanogenic archaeon ISO4-H5 of the order Methanomassiliicoccales and Methanobrevibacter sp. D5 of Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii clade.\nGenomic analysis suggests ISO4-H5 is an obligate hydrogen-dependent methylotrophic methanogen, able to use methanol and methylamines as substrates for methanogenesis. Like other organisms within this order, ISO4-H5 does not possess genes required for the first six steps of hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Comparison between the genomes of different members of the order Methanomassiliicoccales revealed strong conservation in energy metabolism, particularly in genes of the methylotrophic methanogenesis pathway, as well as in the biosynthesis and use of pyrrolysine. Unlike members of Methanomassiliicoccales from human sources, ISO4-H5 does not contain the genes required for production of coenzyme M (CoM), and requires external supply of CoM to survive.\nMethanobrevibacter sp. D5 is a hydrogenotrophic methanogen predicted to utilise CO2 + H2 and formate as substrates. Comparisons between the available Methanobrevibacter genomes has revealed a high conservation in energy metabolism and characteristics specific to each clade. The coexistence of different Methanobrevibacter species in the rumen may be partly due to the physical association Methanobrevibacter species with different microorganisms and host surface, which allow unique niches to be established.