gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, characterisation and mesomorphic properties of ester containing aroylhydrazones and their nickel(II) complexes (2011)

A new series of mesogenic aroylhydrazone-based ligands, N-[4-(4′-alkoxy)benzoyloxybenzylidene]-N′-[4″-alkoxybenzoyl]hydrazine with either the same or different peripheral alkyl chains, and nickel(II) complexes of some of them have been synthesised. They were characterised by elemental analyses, Fourier transform infrared, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The mesomorphic properties of these compounds were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and polarising optical microscopy. All the aroylhydrazones, except those with no lateral chains on either end of the molecule and where m = n = 14, 16, exhibit a monotropic or enantiotropic smectic C mesophase, which are almost insensitive to the peripheral alkoxy chain length. The square planar nickel(II) complexes of the ligands show only an isotropic phase at higher temperature (>175°C) and no mesogenic nature is observed. Density functional theory calculations have been performed using the GAUSSIAN-03 program at the Becke, three-parameter, Lee–Yang–Parr level to obtain the stable electronic structure of the ligand.
Low voltage performance of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 capacitors through donor doping (1997)

We report low voltage (1.5–3 V) performance of ferroelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 based capacitors. La substitution up to 10% was performed to systematically lower the coercive and saturation voltages of epitaxial ferroelectric capacitors grown on Si using a (Ti0.9Al0.1)N/Pt conducting barrier composite. Ferroelectric capacitors substituted with 10% La show significantly lower coercive voltage compared to capacitors with 0% and 3% La. This is attributed to a systematic decrease in the tetragonality (i.e., c/a ratio) of the ferroelectric phase. Furthermore, the samples doped with 10% La showed dramatically better retention and pulse width dependent polarization compared to the capacitors with 0% and 3% La. These capacitors show promise as storage elements in low power high density memory architectures.
Tomographic imaging of photonic crystal fibers (2007)

The tomographic reconstruction of the refractive index distribution in a large-mode-area photonic fiber is presented. The results of the diffraction tomographic algorithm and classical filtered backprojection method are compared. Additionally, the application of the synthetic aperture technique to tomographic interferometry, as a tool for resolution enhancement, is presented and discussed.
<i>Adhatoda vasica</i> - <i>Justicia</i> adhatoda - Alte Arzneipflanze neu entdeckt (2006)

Adhatoda vasica (syn. Justicia adhatoda L.) stellt eine alte Arzneipflanze dar, die aufgrund ihrer Chinazolinalkaloide traditionell als Bronchialtherapeutikum verwendet wurde. Obwohl die Blattdroge auf dem indischen Subkontinent ein relativ breites medizinisches Anwendungsgebiet hat und auch als sicheres und lokal herstellbares Arzneimittel seitens der WHO bewertet wird, ist die Droge im europäischen Bereich für die Indikation Erkältungskrankheiten weitgehend in Vergessenheit geraten. Demgegenüber werden nasale Darreichungsformen aus Adhatoda mittlerweile mit der Indikation allergische Rhinitis eingesetzt. Die vorliegende Monographie fasst das bisherige Wissen um Adhatoda vasica zusammen, dies speziell unter Berücksichtigung phytochemischer Aspekte, der pharmakologischen und klinischen Literatur zur medizinischen Anwendung entsprechender Extrakte.
Fixation/Permeabilization: New Alternative Procedure for Immunofluorescence and mRNA <i>In Situ</i> Hybridization of Vertebrate and Invertebrate Embryos (2013)

A new procedure is described to visualize the spatial pattern of expression of proteins and mRNAs in cryosections or whole-mounted leech, Drosophila, zebrafish, and chick embryos. Our principal contribution is in the use of a nonconventional fixation/permeabilization procedure based on the use of formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde combined with a short C-chain carboxylic acid. Detergents, methanol, and proteinases were omitted. Hybridization procedures were modified from those of routinely used protocols developed for the same embryos. Results showed that cytoskeletal and other cytoplasmic proteins, as well as different mRNAs, were clearly visualized in the expected regions of the embryos. Our procedure has several advantages over currently used protocols: is simpler, produces better general preservation of cells, yields reliable results, and can be used for embryos of different taxa at different developmental stages. It is hypothesized that short C-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids modulate the cross-linking effect of aldehyde fixatives on cell proteins.
Circulating immune complexes in rabbits surviving rinderpest virus infection. (1994)

Circulating immune complexes (CICs) precipitated from the sera of rabbits recovered from infection with rabbit virulent (lapinized) rinderpest virus (RPV) were found to contain RPV antigen and rabbit IgG. The CICs persisted for at least 77 days post infection. The CICs and the antigen isolated from them by chromatography on Sepharose-6B were found to be non-infectious. RPV-specific antibodies could be detected in the antisera raised in rabbits against the CICs and the isolated antigen. Furthermore, the antigenic content of CICs competed with the attenuated strain and the virulent isolate Hisar of RPV in competition ELISA. Identical CICs were not detected in the sera of calves vaccinated with RBOK strain.
A 71–76 GHz CMOS variable gain amplifier using current steering technique (2008)

A 71–76 GHz high dynamic range CMOS RF variable gain amplifier (VGA) is presented. Variable gain is achieved using two current-steering trans-conductance stages, which provide high linearity with relatively low power consumption. The circuit is fabricated in a MS/RF 90-nm CMOS technology and consumes 18-mA total current from a 2-V supply. This VGA achieves a 14-dB maximum gain, a 30-dB gain controlled range, and a 4-dBm output saturation power. To the author’s knowledge, this VGA demonstrates the highest operation frequency among the reported CMOS VGAs.
Radio-Frequency Transmission Systems: Design and Operation (1991)

Applications of RF power technology solid state power devices power grid vacuum tubes kylstron vacuum tubes advance power tubes power amplifier support circuitry putting the elements together transmission lines and waveguide RF combiner systems antenna systems reference formulas and tables.
Endometriosis a review of its pathogenesis (1997)

Although peritoneal endometriosis was recognized in 1860, its pathogenesis still remains unclear. Several theories attempt to explain the pathogenesis of this condition. From these, the implantation theory maintains that peritoneal endometriosis is the result of implantation and subsequent growth of retrogradely shed viable endometrial cells. Based on a second theory, the peritoneal mesothelium transforms to an endometrium-like tissue under the influence of products of regurgitated endometrium (induction). Cell adhesion molecules could be functionally involved in the binding of the endometrial cells to the peritoneal lining. In peritoneal endometriosis, a delicate equilibrium seems to exist between attacking forces (retrograde menstruation) and the defense mechanisms. On one hand, the amount and the nature of the regurgitated menstrual debris seems important to the development of the disease. On the other hand, the active intra-abdominal milieu may be involved. This milieu probably converts the regurgitated endometrial tissue into single cells via loss of functional cell adhesion properties. Endometriosis may result form the impairment of the function of the peritoneal milieu in disposing of the regurgitated cells. Alternatively, the endometriosis may occur if the number of regurgitated cells is too large. An intact peritoneal lining may be an important additional line of defense in preventing the binding of the endometrial cells. Endometriosis is likely to develop if such defense mechanisms fail. Here, the scientific basis of the endometriosis theories is discussed.
Health Care-Associated Pneumonia and Community-Acquired Pneumonia: a Single-Center Experience (2007)

Pneumonia occurring outside of the hospital setting has traditionally been categorized as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, when pneumonia is associated with health care risk factors (prior hospitalization, dialysis, residing in a nursing home, immunocompromised state), it is now more appropriately classified as a health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP). The relative incidences of CAP and HCAP among patients requiring hospital admission is not well described. The objective of this retrospective cohort study, involving 639 patients with culture-positive CAP and HCAP admitted between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2005, was to characterize the incidences, microbiology, and treatment patterns for CAP and HCAP among patients requiring hospital admission. HCAP was more common than CAP (67.4% versus 32.6%). The most common pathogens identified overall included methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (24.6%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (20.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.8%), methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (13.8%), and Haemophilus influenzae (8.5%). The hospital mortality rate was statistically greater among patients with HCAP than among those with CAP (24.6% versus 9.1%; P < 0.001). Administration of inappropriate initial antimicrobial treatment was statistically more common among HCAP patients (28.3% versus 13.0%; P < 0.001) and was identified as an independent risk factor for hospital mortality. Our study found that the incidence of HCAP was greater than that of CAP among patients with culture-positive pneumonia requiring hospitalization at Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Patients with HCAP were more likely to initially receive inappropriate antimicrobial treatment and had a greater risk of hospital mortality. Health care providers should differentiate patients with HCAP from those with CAP in order to provide more appropriate initial antimicrobial therapy.
Joint Uplink-Downlink Resource Allocation in OFDMA Cloud Radio Access Networks (2018)

This paper studies joint uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) resource allocation in an orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (OFDMA) based cloud radio access network (CRAN), where the distributed remote radio heads (RRHs) cooperatively serve the users' UL and DL transmission over different subcarriers (SCs). We aim to maximize the system throughput through jointly optimizing UL/DL scheduling, SC assignment, RRH selection and power allocation under the maximum power and fronthaul capacity constraints. We formulate the problem as a mixed integer programming problem which is nonconvex and NP-hard. We propose an optimal algorithm based on the Lagrange duality method to solve this problem. We also propose a suboptimal algorithm to further reduce the complexity. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed algorithms can considerably improve the system throughput compared to other benchmark schemes.
Ultrathin Hydrogel Films for Rapid Optical Biosensing (2011)

Novel biosensors have been designed by reporting an analyte-induced (de)swelling of a stimuli-responsive hydrogel (usually in a form of thin film) with a suitable optical transducer. These simple, inexpensive hydrogel biosensors are highly desirable, however, their practical applications have been hindered, largely because of their slow response. Here we show that quick response hydrogel sensors can be designed from ultrathin hydrogel films. By the adoption of layer-by-layer assembly, a simple but versatile approach, glucose-sensitive hydrogel films with thickness on submicrometer or micrometer scale, which is 2 orders of magnitude thinner than films used in ordinary hydrogel sensors, can be facilely fabricated. The hydrogel films can not only respond to the variation in glucose concentration, but also report the event via the shift of Fabry-Perot fringes using the thin film itself as Fabry-Perot cavity. The response is linear and reversible. More importantly, the response is quite fast, making it possible to be used for continuous glucose monitoring.
Horizontal ADCP for remote mapping of currents (1999)

Harbors throughout the world realize the importance of water flow information of the main waterways for ship guidance. The most ideal measurement would be real time depth averaged flow information through the water ways. Reliable estimates of discharge may also useful for a variety of organizations interested in monitoring rivers and channels. Both of these applications may be provided by a Horizontally mounted ADCP (HADCP). However, because each sound beam has a finite opening angle, this generally results in the reflection of sound against the bottom and the surface. These reflections may contaminate the measurements of the water column. A specially designed and modified 300 kHz RDI workhorse unit was used to take data at two different river locations: Jersey Point on the San Joaquin and Walnut Grove on the Sacramento river. The unit is unique in that two pairs of vertically stacked transducers are used to obtain narrower beamwidths than a standard unit. Additionally, special firmware was installed to allow the raw pressure time series from each transducer to be recorded. Algorithms to successfully detect contamination from the surface and the bottom were used to assess data quality. Provided care is used in site selection and installation, the unit works well and is capable of producing profiles to about 100 m as well as estimates of discharge. The effective range of the system varies, even in locations which are not thought to be highly stratified. This indicates the need for real-time algorithms to assess data quality to be included in the firmware of such an instrument.
Recalcitrant chronic urticaria treated with dupilumab: Report of two instances refractory to H1‐antihistamines, omalizumab and cyclosporine and brief literature review (2021)

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Between the SpecieS (2012)

In this paper we propose a new way of conceptualizing animals in experimentation: the animal-as-patient. Construing and treating animals as patients offers a way of successfully addressing some of the entrenched epistemological and ethical problems within a practice of animal experimentation directed to human clinical benefit. This ap proach is grounded in an epistemological insight and builds on work with so-called “pet models”. It relies upon the occurrence and characterization of analogous human and nonhuman animal diseases, where, if certain criteria of homology and mechanism are met, the animal simultaneously becomes a patient and a spontaneous model of the human disease.
Electroretinography in glaucoma diagnosis (2015)

PERG and PhNR responses obtained from the central macula are capable of detecting early-stage, reversible glaucomatous dysfunction.
Computing prime implicates (1992)

This paper surveys three methods for computing the prime implicates of a set of propositions (ie., minimizing a boolean function) and performs a comparison between them. Data is provided which suggests that methods based on resolution can be as efficient as methods based on matrices and semantic trees. We also discuss the advantages of resolution-based methods for applications in man-machine communication involving abduction (inference to the best explanation) and truth maintenance (belief revision).
Real-time visualisation and browsing of a distributed video database (2009)

We present the initial results of a system designed to visualise and browse a distributed database of high definition video. Multiple video clips are taken from the database and streamed as textures within a 3D environment. The rotation, movement, and zoom that this allows enables the clips to be organised, previewed, and selected for further editing. The power of the system lies in the ability to stream multiple clips in real time (including multiple versions of the same clip) and organize the clips according to simple metadata. This latter ability allows a typical user, such as a production director or editor, to rapidly discover relevant or related clips and preview the application of several different post-production filters in real-time, increasing the usability and speed of a typical production workflow.
Dynamic conflict detection in policy-based management systems (2003)

While advances in open distributed systems have undoubtedly provided a uniquely diverse environment for users, managing the resources within such an environment has become an increasingly complex task. This challenge has been considered for several years within the distributed systems management research community and we have recently seen policy-based management emerge as one such promising exemplification. The focus of our work has been predominantly on supporting the requirements of large evolving enterprises. Such environments present a significant challenge for policy-based management as the fluidity and complexity of interactions occurring in such environments mean that prevailing static-based specification and analysis of policies and roles, would be inadequate in many instances. We are therefore interested in providing support for a dynamic policy-based management environment. This paper discusses the critical nature of providing both dynamic and static conflict detection and resolution and introduces a scalable computationally-efficient dynamic conflict detection mechanism.
BTLA identifies dysfunctional PD-1-expressing CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma (2016)

Although immunotherapy targeting programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway is being applied in clinic, the response outcomes are heterogeneous, suggesting existences of distinctive subsets within PD-1-expressing T cells that react differently to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. However, markers to demarcate these subsets in human cancers remain unclear. Here, we found that both PD-1 and B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) were significantly upregulated on CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells from tumor compared with those from paired non-tumor liver in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Interestingly, over 85% BTLA<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells were PD-1-expressing cells and represented about 50% PD-1<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in tumors, and that level of BTLA<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup> tumor CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells were selectively associated with advanced stage HCC. BTLA<sup>+</sup> identified highly dysfunctional PD-1-expressing CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell subset, whereas BTLA<sup>-</sup> defined PD-1<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells undergoing activation in HCC. Importantly, blockade of PD-L1 could restore the ability of IFNγ/TNF-α production in BTLA<sup>+</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup> tumor CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells but partially suppressed the activation of BTLA<sup>-</sup>PD-1<sup>+</sup> CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells. Moreover, we provided evidence that BTLA signals also participated in suppressing CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell function in HCC. In conclusion, BTLA could identify distinct function of PD-1 expressing CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in human cancer, which might not only advance our understanding of inhibitory receptor blockade, but also provide new targets for clinical predictors of response to these immunotherapies.
El caso de la dictadura progresista. Ralph Roeder (2013)

EI ocaso de la dictadura progresista* Si
Hypothesizing word association from untagged text (1993)

This paper reports a new method for suggesting word associations, based on a greedy algorithm that employs Chi-square statistics on joint frequencies of pairs of word groups compared against chance co-occurrence. The benefits of this new approach are: 1) we can consider even low frequency words and word pairs, and 2) word groups and word associations can be automatically generated. The method provided 87% accuracy in hypothesizing word associations for unobserved combinations of words in Japanese text.
Novel autoantigens in autoimmune hypophysitis (2008)

The study reports two novel proteins that could act as autoantigens in autoimmune hypophysitis. Further studies are needed to validate their pathogenic role and diagnostic utility.
A theoretical and experimental study of wood planer noise and its control (1972)

A combined analytical and experimental study of wood planer noise is made and the results applied to the development of practical noise control techniques. The dominant mechanisms of sound generation are identified and an analysis is presented which accurately predicts the governing levels of noise emission. Planing operations in which the length of the board is much greater than the width are considered. The dominant source of planer noise is identified as the board being surfaced, which is set into vibration by the impact of cutterhead knives. This is determined from studies made both in the laboratory and in the field concerning the effect of board width on the resulting noise, which indicate a six decibel increase in noise level for each doubling of board width. The theoretical development of a model for board vibration defines the vibrational field set up in the board and serves as a guide for cutterhead redesign.
Tailored PVA/ECM Scaffolds for Cartilage Regeneration (2014)

Articular cartilage lesions are a particular challenge for regenerative medicine due to cartilage low self-ability repair in case of damage. Hence, a significant goal of musculoskeletal tissue engineering is the development of suitable structures in virtue of their matrix composition and biomechanical properties. The objective of our study was to design in vitro a supporting structure for autologous chondrocyte growth. We realized a biohybrid composite scaffold combining a novel and nonspecific extracellular matrix (ECM), which is decellularized Wharton's jelly ECM, with the biomechanical properties of the synthetic hydrogel polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Wharton's jelly ECM was tested for its ability in promoting scaffold colonization by chondrocytes and compared with polyvinyl alcohol itself and the more specific decellularized cartilage matrix. Our preliminary evidences highlighted the chance of using Wharton's jelly ECM in combination with PVA hydrogels as an innovative and easily available scaffold for cartilage restoration.
Vertically Stacked Cantilever n-Type Poly-Si Junctionless Nanowire Transistor and Its Series Resistance Limit (2017)

We had successfully suspended the vertically stacked cantilever (VSC) nanowire by two approaches: 1) inserting a SiN layer as reinforcement to sustain the gate-stack thermal budget and 2) adopting high-k metal gate low-temperature process and realizing gate-all-around structure, which shows better subthreshold characteristics. Feasibility of improving current level within the same footprint and without degrading subthreshold performance is demonstrated. Series resistance limit is pointed out as a bottle neck for current increment with respect to layers of channels. Further investigation of reducing the series resistance of VSC nanowire is needed for any future circuit integration.
Recognition of Herbivory-Associated Molecular Patterns (2008)

During their long, approximately 350 million-year period of coexistence, plants, insects, and other arthropods evolved a variety of different interactions Some interactions can be beneficial for the plant, as in the case of insect-mediated pollination or seed dispersion, and others are deleterious, as in the case of attack by herbivorous insects (Fig. To successfully combat aggressors, plants must be equipped with a