gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Egg drop syndrome, 1976 (EDS'76) (1979)

Summary A description is given of the new clinical condition in fowl now known as EDS 76. This is characterised by the production of thin shelled, soft shelled and shell less eggs by apparently healthy birds. The effects on egg production are seen around 30 weeks of age and are seen either as an apparent fall in production or as a failure to obtain predicted production targets. Haemagglutinating viruses have been isolated from these flocks and evidence from experimental and field investigations suggest these are the aetiological agents of EDS 76. Biochemical and biological studies indicate that these viruses are duck adenoviruses. Epidemiological evidence suggests the virus is egg transmitted and that lateral spread between flocks is not important if care is taken whilst bleeding and vaccinating flocks. It is postulated that this virus may have been introduced into flocks by the use of a contaminated vaccine. Control in Northern Ireland has been by eradication of the virus from the basic breeding stock.
[Clinical pharmacokinetics of alfentanyl (author's transl)]. (1982)

In 7 patients (ASA class I and II) the pharmacokinetic behaviour after bolus injection of alfentanyl was investigated. The plasma decay curves in each patient could be described in terms of an open two-compartment model. The plasma half-life of alfentanyl in the alpha-phase was about 4 min, the elimination half-life was 70 min. The total volume of distribution was calculated to 33 1. The total plasma clearance amounted to 336 ml/min. Plasma protein binding of alfentanyl was about 92%; binding to human erythrocytes showed values less than 0.1%. The renal excretion of unchanged alfentanyl amounted to only 0.4% of the total dose in a time period of 24h. Clinical observations showed a minor effect on cardiovascular system; apnoea was seen in all patients. Chest wall rigidity was the main unwanted effect in 5 of 7 cases. The onset of action could be observed during the injection of 5 mg alfentanyl. The recovery period was extremely short. Therefore, alfentanyl seems to be of advantage for short surgical interventions; for longer lasting anaesthesia the development of an infusion model may be helpful.
Hellebores in Southern California (1957)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Low-Gravity Fluid Dynamics and Transport Phenomena (1990)

This book provides the community with a concise volume covering fluid mechanics and transport phenomena in a variety of research fields of low-gravity science. It combines an educational goal to report relevant and archival information with the latest scientific insight and current knowledge in the field. The authors special effort makes this volume a required compendium for the bookshelves of the microgravity scientist, space-processing researcher, and engineering manager.
THE REACTIVITY OF DISSOLVED SILICON IN SOME NATURAL WATERS (1970)

Several samples of natural waters, from the deep North Atlantic Ocean and four rivers in southern England, have been examined for the presence of dissolved silicon unreactive under the conditions generally used for its absorptiometric determination; none was detected. Polymeric silicon added to the samples depolymerized completely within a few days, most rapidly in seawater. When filtered river water was frozen and subsequently thawed, the silicon was largely present in an unreactive form; the unreactive fraction could be removed by membrane filtration. The silicon became entirely reactive on standing at about 25C for several hours. Unreactive forms of dissolved silicon were not formed when natural waters of salinity >27‰ were similarly treated.
Germanium power switching devices (1958)

Two-terminal and three-terminal germanium power switching devices have been developed, utilizing a metal semiconductor contact as an electron injector in a multijunction device. The principles of operation, fabrication techniques, and electrical characteristics of this new device are discussed. Devices capable of switching up to 25 amperes and blocking up to 350 volts have been fabricated and applied to power control circuits. The low impedance voltage drop is of the order of 0.5 volt and the dynamic resistance is a few hundredths of an ohm. A switch-on time less than 0.1 microsecond has been measured with a switch-off time of the order of microseconds.
관습법에 대한 오해 ―민법 제1조의 헌법 합치적 해석― (2012)

민법 제1조는 법원이라는 제목으로 관습법이라는 것을 민사관계에 적용할 수 있는 기준으로 언급하고 있다. 이것을 근거로 민법학자들은 소위 관습법이라는 것도 민법의 존재형식이 된다고 주장한다. 그러나 이 조항에서 말하는 법원이란 법의 존재형식을 말하는 것이 아니라 민사관계에 적용할 수 있는 심판의 기준을 말하는 것으로 보아야 한다. 왜냐하면 존재형식으로서 법원은 민법에 의하여 선언될 수 있는 것이 아니라 헌법에 의하여 정해지는 것이기 때문이다. 그런데 관습법은 헌법에 관습법의 성립에 대한 근거가 없고 헌법에 따라 제정된 것이 아니기 때문에 그 자체로 법규범이 될 수 없다. 그럼에도 불구하고 민사관계에 적용되는 것은 성문의 민법 제1조가 관습법을 민사관계에 적용할 수 있도록 허용하였기 때문이다. 그러므로 이런 조항을 가지지 않는 헌법ㆍ공법의 영역에는 관습법의 법리가 적용될 수 없다. 관습법은 국가권력이 아직 정비되기 이전에 법을 찾기 위하여 고안된 이론으로서 현대국가에서는 의미가 없다. 입법자가 너무 잘 기능하고 우리 민법은 법률의 공백을 메울 수 있는 완벽한 방법을 갖추고 있기 때문이다. 이런 상황에서 관습법 이론은 오히려 독재자에게 독재의 여지를 허용하는 결과를 초래할 위험이 있다.
Microwave physics of flame-sprayed Kanthal and other circuit loss coatings (1985)

A phenomenological study of flame-sprayed Kanthal and other popular rf lossy-conductor coatings was prompted by the extensive reliance on them -- for stability and other control purposes -- in numerous microwave tube types and their at times insufficient effectiveness or reproducibility. A dependable, convenient and versatile X-band "circular electric" test cavity greatly facilitated the investigation which included identifying the X-band-effective permeability (and its response, if any, to annealing) for several magnetic alloys in smooth, solid form. Thus the observed surface resistivity of a plasma-sprayed Kanthal, iron-powder or other fragmented coating could be expressed as the product of three factors arising from resistivity (via its square root), permeability (likewise) and physical structure. In the sprayed-Kanthal case it was possible to extend this systematic probing: by lapping away the surface roughness the third factor could be further factored into "superficial roughness" and "internal structure" components. Such breakdown by factors not only reveals their actual relative importance (prevalent preconceptions not withstanding) but is instructive regarding the interplay of loss achievable and associated reproducibility for both present and future coating approaches.
Epigenetic Dysregulation in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aging and Spontaneous Differentiation (2011)

Our results indicate that histone H3 acetylation, which can be modulated by extrinsic signals, plays a key role in regulating MSC aging and differentiation.
Open study of the efficacy and mechanism of action of topical imiquimod in basal cell carcinoma (2004)

Imiquimod is an immune-response modifier that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of superficial and nodular basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The objective of this open-label study was to investigate the effectiveness of imiquimod 5% cream in superficial, nodular, and infiltrative BCC. Fifty-five Caucasian patients with primary BCC measuring 8 mm or more in diameter with a superficial, nodular, or infiltrative histological pattern were included in the study. Four groups of BCC (A, B, C, and D) and two dosing regimens were studied: 35 BCCs (groups A, B, and C) were treated with imiquimod three times weekly and 20 BCCs (group D) were treated with imiquimod five times weekly. Histological samples were obtained before treatment, during treatment (on day 22 in group A, day 15 in group B, and day 8 in groups C and D), and 6 weeks after treatment. All patients were followed-up for a minimum of 2 years. In the biopsy specimens obtained, the expression of Bcl-2, p53, and Ki-67, apoptotic index (Tunel technique), and the number of CD3+, CD8+, CD20+, CD56+, CD68+, granzyme B+, and S-100+ cells in the peritumoural inflammatory infiltrate, were determined and quantified. Of the 55 BCCs treated with imiquimod 41 (74%) were in complete remission after 2 years of follow-up. These comprised 4/4 superficial BCCs, 7/8 (88%) nodular BCCs, and 30/43 (70%) infiltrative BCCs. Multi-variate analysis demonstrated that baseline tumour size was the most powerful independent prognostic variable (P < 0.05). Treatment with imiquimod increased the apoptotic index (P < 0.05), reduced Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.05), and increased the number of CD3+, CD8+, CD20+, CD68+, granzyme B+, and S-100+ cells in the inflammatory infiltrate of the BCC (P < 0.05). In conclusion, imiquimod induced an antitumour immune response mediated by lymphocytes and macrophages, reduced Bcl-2 expression and increased the apoptotic index of BCC, and was clinically effective in 74% of BCCs after a 2-year follow-up period.
Optical Measurements On Advanced Performance Domes (1984)

Sapphire, spinel, and ALON (aluminum oxynitride) have been identified as candidate dome materials for ultraviolet through 5 μm wavelength applications. They possess optical, mechanical, and thermal properties that are superior to those of currently used Irtran-1 domes. Optical performance of these materials in the visible wavelength region far exceeds that of Irtran-1, while infrared properties reported here vary from worse than to better than Irtran-1 domes. Reported in this paper are measurements of optical scatter and transmittance at 0.4762, 0.6471, and 3.39 μm, which represent a large range of values obtained on these materials in dome form. Processing changes over the last few years have produced improvements in both scatter and transmittance, provided that a good surface finish is maintained. Higher index of refraction will, of course, limit the ultimate transmittance for uncoated domes of these materials to slightly less than that of Irtran-1, which has also improved in the same time period. Calculations indicate maximum transmittance at 3.39 pm to be 0.95 to 0.96 for Irtran-1 and 0.87 to 0.88 for spinel, a difference of 0.08. Current measurements at the Naval Weapons Center confirm values of 0.88 for spinel, while the best Irtran-1 dome gave a value of less than 0.92.
Simultaneous Use of Contrasting Fluorochromes to Separate Measles and Canine Distemper Viruses in a Common System (1971)

Measles and canine distemper viruses were grown together in a Vero monkey kidney cell line. Each virus could be identified and individually titrated by using the color contrast produced by the reddish tetra-methyl rhodamine isothiocyanate-tagged antimeasles conjugate and the green fluorescein isothiocyanate-tagged antidistemper conjugate. Both blue light and green light were used for the excitation of the fluorochromes. Incident light was transmitted to the specimen by a vertical illuminator of the Ploem type.
Subunit composition and structure of subcomponent C1q of the first component of human complement (1976)

1. Unreduced human subcomponent C1q was shown by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels run in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate to be composed of two types of non-covalently linked subunits of apparent mol.wts. 69 000 and 54 000. The ratio of the two subunits was markedly affected by the ionic strength of the applied sample. At a low ionic strength of applied sample, which gave the optimum value for the 54 000-apparent mol.wt. subunit, a ratio of 1.99:1.00 was obtained for the ratio of the 69 000-apparent mol.wt. subunit to the 5400-apparent-mol.wt. subunit. The amount of the 54 000-apparent-mol.wt. subunit detected in the expected position on the gel was found to be inversely proportional to increases in the ionic strength of the applled sample. 2. Human subcomponent C1q on reduction and alkylation, or oxidation, yields equimolar amounts of three chains designated A, B and C [Reid et al. (1972) Biochem. J. 130, 749-763]. The results obtained by Yonemasu & Stroud [(1972) Immunochemistry 9, 545-554], which showed that the 69 000-apparent-mol.wt. subunit was a disulphide-linked dimer of the A and B chains and that the 54 000-apparent-mol.wt. subunit was a disulphide-linked dimer of the C chain, were confirmed. 3. Gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 in 6.0M-guanidinium chloride showed that both types of unreduced subunit were eluted together as a single symmetrical peak of apparent mol.wt. 49 000-50 000 when globular proteins were used as markers. The molecular weights of the oxidized or reduced A, B and C chains have been shown previously to be very similar all being in the range 23 000-24 000 [Reid et al. (1972) Biochem. J. 130, 749-763; Reid (1974) Biochem. J. 141, 189-203]. 4. It is proposed that subcomponent C1q (mol.wt. 410000) is composed of nine non-covalently linked subunits, i.e. six A-B dimers and three C-C dimers. 5. A structure for subcomponent C1q is proposed and is based on the assumption that the collagen-like regions of 78 residues in each of the A, B and C chains are combined to form a triple-helical structure of the same type as is found in collagens.
Employment of individuals with mental disabilities: business response to the ADA's challenge (1999)

This research examines the response of the business community to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) with specific focus on the employment of those with mental disabilities. The ADA is viewed as an important "rational myth" in that it represents both a legal and normative demand with which businesses are expected to comply. Yet employers' responses will be influenced by their attitudes toward persons with mental disabilities as well as their concern with legal sanction for discriminatory behaviors. A telephone survey was completed in a southern metropolitan area with a random sample of 117 businesses in order to access the knowledge employers have about the ADA (and its inclusion of those with mental disabilities), the compliance with the ADA, the employment practices, and the role played by stigma in the employment of individuals with mental disabilities. In terms of specific practices which indicated compliance with the ADA, a little over one-third of the companies which were surveyed by telephone had a Title 1 implementation plan, 15% had specific policies for hiring those with mental disabilities, and 37.6% had indeed hired such an individual. The role of coercive and normative rationales for compliance to the ADA was examined. It was found that receiving formal information about the ADA, threat of legal sanction, and previous employment of those with mental disabilities were all significant predictors of compliance with the ADA. Stigmatizing attitudes did not predict compliance, though employers did view those with mental disabilities with more discomfort than other types of employees.
M-commerce crash course (2001)

There are two opposing positions regarding the development of memory: the normative developmental position, and the reverse developmental position. The normative position, which has long been the default presupposition, supports the notion that susceptibility to memory distortion, including false memories, decreases with age. In contrast, the concept of "developmental reversals" supports the notion that susceptibility to memory distortion and false memories increases with age. Each perspective finds support from existing theories as well as from research on endogenous and exogenous sources of influence. In a legal context, having an accurate understanding of the developmental course of false memory can contribute on the one hand to mitigating wrongful convictions and, on the other hand, to appreciating the accuracy of children's statements when warranted. This review aims to integrate the existing literature regarding these seemingly opposite developmental courses and construct a framework outlining the conditions under which we may observe one age trend over the other. This entails an examination of the paradigms that have been invoked to support these competing positions, specifically developmental responses to internal vs. external sources of distortion.
Release of iron from ferritin requires lysosomal activity (2006)

How ferritin-Fe becomes available for cell functions is unknown. Our previous studies with rat hepatoma cells indicated ferritin had to be degraded to release its Fe. In these studies, we investigated whether this occurs in other cell types and whether lysosomes are required. Release of ferritin-Fe was induced with desferoxamine (DFO) in (59)Fe-preloaded hepatoma, Caco2, and erythroid K562 cells and measured by rocket immunoelectrophoresis and autoradiography. The half-lives for ferritin-(59)Fe and protein were parallel (23, 16, and 11 h for the hepatic, Caco2, and K562 cells, respectively). Co-treatment with 180 microM Fe, leupeptin, chymostatin, or chloroquine markedly decreased rates of ferritin-Fe release and ferritin degradation. Lactacystin had no effect except for a small one in erythroid cells. Fractionation of hepatoma cell lysates on iodixanol gradients showed rapid depletion of cytosolic ferritin by DFO treatment but no accumulation in lysosomes. We conclude that regardless of cell type, release of Fe from ferritin occurs mainly through lysosomal proteolysis.
Alignment Data: Quality Control (2017)

Depth and coverage are two key parameters by which to judge the quality of a sequencing run and the read analysis. An assessment of these parameters makes up the second key step in WES/WGS quality control (Q/C). Capture efficiency is one of the most important quality control parameters for exome sequencing or other targeted sequencing (i.e., the percentage of reads that map to one of the targeted regions, sometimes called "on-target ratio"). The chapter shows how to perform coverage analysis using the NA12878 exome. This exome was enriched with the Nextera Rapid Capture Exome and Expanded Exome kit. BEDTools coverage computes both the depth and breadth of coverage of features (target regions) in the BED file with the features (reads) in the BAM file. The browser extensible data (BED) format provides a flexible way to define the data lines that are displayed in an annotation track.
Shielding of Cylindrical Tubes (1968)

Shielding attenuation values at low frequencies have been computed for magnetic and nonmagnetic cylindrical tubes based on formulas developed by King.[2] The attenuation in decibels was computed on a digital computer for a range of ratios of wall thickness to depth of penetration from 0.1 to 10 as a function of a nondimensional parameter as used by Kaden.[4] Two graphs are presented that summarize the computer results.
Effects of Energy Intake on Energetic Efficiency and Body Composition of Beef Steers Differing in Size at Maturity (1987)

Hereford and Charolais steers were fed at three levels of feed intake (low, medium or ad libitum) to similar weights within breed groups to evaluate effects of energy intake on energetic efficiency and body composition. Two methods were employed to partition metabolizable energy intake into use for maintenance and gain. Method one used an assumed daily fasting heat production of 77 kcal/weight (W).75; method two estimated fasting heat production from the regression of log daily heat production against metabolizable energy intake (kcal/W.75). Net energy for gain (NEg) was determined in method one by regressing retained energy (kcal/W.75) against feed intake (g/W.75). For method two, the estimated maintenance requirement of feed was subtracted from total feed intake and retained energy was regressed against feed intake above maintenance to estimate NEg. Conclusions regarding feed energy utilization for maintenance and gain were the same by either method of energy partitioning. Charolais steers used feed energy less efficiently for gain than Hereford steers, and ad libitum steers used feed energy less efficiently for gain than steers at lower intakes (P less than .05). Charolais steers made leaner (P less than .05) gains than Hereford steers. Although steers consuming the lowest level of feed made gains containing a lower percentage of fat and a higher percentage of protein (P less than .05) than steers at higher intakes, body composition within a breed was not altered by level of energy intake when animals, within breeds, were slaughtered at similar end weights.
LCCD a language for Chinese character design (1981)

Abstract One of the critical problems of Chinese data processing is to make a computer produce Chinese characters as output. This paper describes a language called LCCD, which is especially intended for high quality design of Chinese characters, although it can in fact be used for any kind of symbols. Special attention is given to the methodology of character design, using a parametric graphical approach. The underlying methods of implementation are also discussed.
Kinetics of photocrosslinking reactions of a DCPA/EA matrix in the presence of thiols and acrylates (1997)

The crosslinking efficiency and kinetics of a solid acrylic copolymer DCPA/EA (dicyclopentenyl acrylate/ethyl acrylate) matrix were investigated in the presence of pentaerythritol tetrakis (2-mercaptoacetate) (PETMP) or pentaerythritol tri- and tetraacrylates used as multifunctional crosslinking agents. The reaction of thiol and acrylate addition was sensitized by benzophenone (BP). The crosslinking efficiency of the DCPA/EA—BP—PETMP copolymer system, illuminated at high wavelengths (λ > 310 nm), was compared with that of the DCPA/EA matrix alone and the 2-component system copolymer DCPA/EA–BP. The concentrations of photosensitizer and crosslinking agent were varied from 1 to 10 mass %. The kinetics of tetrafunctional thiol addition and cyclopentene (pendant group of the DCPA/EA matrix) disappearance was followed through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and by determining the gel content. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 2333–2345, 1997
Deterring traitor using double encryption scheme (2013)

Traitor is a legitimate user in a content distribution system who facilitates illegal content access to unauthorized party. Naturally, there are two strategies that are likely used by the traitors to do violations. Firstly, the traitors may attempt to extract the decryption keys to construct a pirate decoder. Secondly, they may legally decrypt the content and then illegally redistribute the decrypted content for their own benefits. We propose a content protection scheme to deter both piracy strategies. However, if a pirate decoder or content is discovered, the scheme is still able to identify the real traitors without incriminating innocent users. Thus, our scheme preserves security for the content provider and privacy for the users in the traitor tracing context.
Scaling in biology: The consequences of size (1975)

A review of major ideas pertaining to the importance of the body size of animals. It discusses the size range of living organisms and the possibilities and constraints that result from the design of animals and the materials used in their supporting structures. The change in size of similarly organized animals is considered in the light of the principles of scaling, with examples chosen both from morphology and physiology. The mechanical consequences of body size in relation to locomotion is also discussed.
Closed-loop control of oxygen delivery during aeromedical evacuation of patients (2003)

A prototype oxygen delivery system was developed and tested. It controls oxygen and air delivery in order to regulate arterial oxygen saturation (SaO/sub 2/) and breathing circuit volume, thereby protecting patients from hypoxemia while minimizing the use of oxygen. Three discrete-time, digital control loops make up the system. The primary controller regulates the SaO/sub 2/ through a proportional controller to adjust the setpoint circuit oxygen concentration. The other two control loops regulate the circuit oxygen concentration and volume. The system was tested on four healthy human volunteers in a hypobaric chamber. Two trials were conducted with each volunteer. The servo-controlled oxygen delivery system successfully regulated SaO/sub 2/ in each volunteer for both trials. The results of the trials are summarized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>