gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
How might we achieve oxygen balance in wounds? (2007)

This paper describes the mechanism and physiological relevance of a new kind of oxygenating wound care technology, designed to deliver 'oxygen balance'. It provides a continuous, controlled delivery of dissolved oxygen over an appropriate time scale, at the same time as providing all the required basics of wound care. Even though it is initially perceived as a simple dressing, it is an advanced, active biochemical process contained in a dressing structure, using the enzyme glucose oxidase to capture and transport oxygen from the atmosphere. With this technology, it is proposed that oxygen balance can be defined by relating the levels of achievable oxygenation to the cellular and biochemical activities required to bring about optimal wound healing.
Non‐geostationary satellite orbit communications satellite constellations history (2020)

Summary This special issue of the journal on ‘constellations’ comes at a critical time in their development as a second wave of such non‐geostationary satellite orbit (NGSO) systems is being planned and deployed. These mega‐constellations as they have become known are, with a few exceptions, very much larger than those in the first wave and are focused on broadband and 5G applications rather than speech and narrow band data as those deployed in the first wave during the 1990s. However, as we explain in this editorial, there are many similarities in the design and business plans to the first wave and, perhaps, many similar lessons to be learned.
A Labeling Method for Financial Time Series Prediction Based on Trends (2020)

Time series prediction has been widely applied to the finance industry in applications such as stock market price and commodity price forecasting. Machine learning methods have been widely used in financial time series prediction in recent years. How to label financial time series data to determine the prediction accuracy of machine learning models and subsequently determine final investment returns is a hot topic. Existing labeling methods of financial time series mainly label data by comparing the current data with those of a short time period in the future. However, financial time series data are typically non-linear with obvious short-term randomness. Therefore, these labeling methods have not captured the continuous trend features of financial time series data, leading to a difference between their labeling results and real market trends. In this paper, a new labeling method called "continuous trend labeling" is proposed to address the above problem. In the feature preprocessing stage, this paper proposed a new method that can avoid the problem of look-ahead bias in traditional data standardization or normalization processes. Then, a detailed logical explanation was given, the definition of continuous trend labeling was proposed and also an automatic labeling algorithm was given to extract the continuous trend features of financial time series data. Experiments on the Shanghai Composite Index and Shenzhen Component Index and some stocks of China showed that our labeling method is a much better state-of-the-art labeling method in terms of classification accuracy and some other classification evaluation metrics. The results of the paper also proved that deep learning models such as LSTM and GRU are more suitable for dealing with the prediction of financial time series data.
The Reaction of Ethyl Azodicarboxylate with Conjugated Dienes<sup>1</sup> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction of Ethyl Azodicarboxylate with Conjugated Dienes1Bernard T. Gillis and Paul E. BeckCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 6, 1947–1951Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01053a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01053a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views242Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Parametric Pump as a Chemical Reactor (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Parametric Pump as a Chemical ReactorGeorge P. ApostolopoulosCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundamen. 1975, 14, 1, 11–16Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i160053a002https://doi.org/10.1021/i160053a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views25Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Detection of amplified oncogenes by differential polymerase chain reaction. (1989)

Oncogene amplification has been found in a variety of human cancers and may have prognostic importance. Therefore, techniques which facilitate detection of gene amplification could have wide applicability. We have devised a sensitive, rapid, and non-radioactive procedure for detecting alterations in gene copy number based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this technique, called differential PCR, a target gene and a single-copy reference gene are co-amplified by PCR in the same reaction vessel. The level of target gene amplification is reflected in the ratio between the two resulting PCR-product bands. We show that this method can detect as low as two-fold amplification of specific target genes. Furthermore, amplification of neu and the epidermal growth factor receptor gene could be detected in as few as 100 breast carcinoma cells or in single sections of formalin-fixed, embedded material.
Trust in wikipedia (2010)

The use of Wikipedia as an information source is becoming increasingly popular. Several studies have shown that its information quality is high. Normally, when considering information trust, the source of information is an important factor. However, because of the open-source nature of Wikipedia articles, their sources remain mostly unknown. This means that other features need to be used to assess the trustworthiness of the articles. We describe article features - such as images and references - which lay Wikipedia readers use to estimate trustworthiness. The quality and the topics of the articles are manipulated in an experiment to reproduce the varying quality on Wikipedia and the familiarity of the readers with the topics. We show that the three most important features are textual features, references and images.
Disturbed flow mediated modulation of shear forces on endothelial plane: A proposed model for studying endothelium around atherosclerotic plaques (2016)

Disturbed fluid flow or modulated shear stress is associated with vascular conditions such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and aneurysm. In vitro simulation of the fluid flow around the plaque micro-environment remains a challenging approach. Currently available models have limitations such as complications in protocols, high cost, incompetence of co-culture and not being suitable for massive expression studies. Hence, the present study aimed to develop a simple, versatile model based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation. Current observations of CFD have shown the regions of modulated shear stress by the disturbed fluid flow. To execute and validate the model in real sense, cell morphology, cytoskeletal arrangement, cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS) profile, nitric oxide production and disturbed flow markers under the above condition were assessed. Endothelium at disturbed flow region which had been exposed to low shear stress and swirling flow pattern showed morphological and expression similarities with the pathological disturbed flow environment reported previously. Altogether, the proposed model can serve as a platform to simulate the real time micro-environment of disturbed flow associated with eccentric plaque shapes and the possibilities of studying its downstream events.
The Valuation Allowance for Deferred Tax Assets (2008)

The valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is an estimate of the portion of deferred tax assets that is not realizable because of insufficient future taxable income. Changes in the valuation allowance contain incremental information content, in addition to publicly available information, in predicting future income. However, changes in the valuation allowance for firms that likely manage earnings through their valuation allowance accounts are less associated with future income than for non－earnings management firms, implying that managers manipulate the valuation allowance to manage earnings. These findings of this study have mixed implications for accounting standard setters and regulators. Incremental information content of the valuation allowance found here suggests that mandating recognition of forward－looking information in financial statements has the potential to make these statements more informative. On the other hand, earnings management implication of the valuation allowance, which is also found here, implies managers’ ability to fool investors through opportunistic manipulation and a potential to make the financial statements less informative. Korean GAAP does not require firms to report the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Considering the properties of deferred tax assets, information contents and earnings management, the disclosure of the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is expected to improve the usefulness of financial information.
Longterm efficacy of topical nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in knee osteoarthritis: metaanalysis of randomized placebo controlled clinical trials. (2006)

Topical NSAID are effective for pain relief in knee OA for a longer duration; however, this may not hold true for all the preparations.
Detection of low-level promoter activity within open reading frame sequences of Escherichia coli (2005)

The search for promoters has largely been confined to sequences upstream of open reading frames (ORFs) or stable RNA genes. Here we used a cloning approach to discover other potential promoters in Escherichia coli. Chromosomal fragments of approximately 160 bp were fused to a promoterless lacZ reporter gene on a multi-copy plasmid. Eight clones were deliberately selected for high activity and 105 clones were selected at random. All eight of the high-activity clones carried promoters that were located upstream of an ORF. Among the randomly-selected clones, 56 had significantly elevated activity. Of these, 7 had inserts which also mapped upstream of an ORF, while 49 mapped within or downstream of ORFs. Surprisingly, the eight promoters selected for high activity matched the canonical sigma70 -35 and -10 sequences no better than sequences from the randomly-selected clones. For six of the nine most active sequences with orientations opposite to that of the ORF, chromosomal expression was detected by RT-PCR, but defined transcripts were not detected by northern analysis. Our results indicate that the E.coli chromosome carries numerous -35 and -10 sequences with weak promoter activity but that most are not productively expressed because other features needed to enhance promoter activity and transcript stability are absent.
Automatic Update of Road Attributes by Mining GPS Tracks (2016)

Abstract Despite advances in cartography, mapping is still a costly process which involves a substantial amount of manual work. This article presents a method for automatically deriving road attributes by analyzing and mining movement trajectories (e.g. GPS tracks). We have investigated the automatic extraction of eight road attributes: directionality, speed limit, number of lanes, access, average speed, congestion, importance, and geometric offset; and we have developed a supervised classification method (decision tree) to infer them. The extraction of most of these attributes has not been investigated previously. We have implemented our method in a software prototype and we automatically update the OpenStreetMap (OSM) dataset of the Netherlands, increasing its level of completeness. The validation of the classification shows variable levels of accuracy, e.g. whether a road is a one‐ or a two‐way road is classified with an accuracy of 99%, and the accuracy for the speed limit is 69%. When taking into account speed limits that are one step away (e.g. 60 km/h instead of the classified 50 km/h) the classification increases to 95%, which might be acceptable in some use‐cases. We mitigate this with a hierarchical code list of attributes.
African Art in the National Museum of Ireland (1995)

Bien que possedant une riche collection d'objets africains remontant au 18 eme siecle, le Musee National d'Irlande ne les expose pas. Plusieurs personnes, parmi lesquelles B. O'Beirn, W. Davidson-Houston, R. Casement, H. L. Norton Traill, ont fait don de leurs possessions qui venaient du Nigeria, de la Sierra Leone, du Congo, des Yoruba, d'Afrique du Sud, de la Cote d'Or, des Asante, du Benin et du Zaire
Dynamics of branched polymer molecules in dilute solution (1959)

Abstract Theoretical formulas for the intrinsic viscosity and viscoelastic properties of some model branched molecules in dilute solution are calculated by means of the normal coordinate method of Rouse modified to include hydrodynamic interactions. The calculations are exact except for the usual approximation of the hydrodynamic interaction by the Kirkwood‐Riseman formula. The ratio of the intrinsic viscosity of a branched molecule to that of a linear molecule of the same weight is found to vary almost as the square root of the ratio of the mean square radii, instead of as the latter ratio to three‐halves power, as has been postulated before. It is proposed that this square root relation is applicable in general to branched molecules of all types. Several sets of experimental data in the literature are shown to agree well with this hypothesis.
Design of an All-digital Time Domain Analog-to-digital Converter Based on Ring Delay Line Technology (2021)

A novel voltage-to-time converter (VTC) with high linearity and wide dynamic input range is used for low-power time-domain ADC in this paper, which combines the advantages of body bias technique and current mirror technique. The proposed time-domain ADC (T-ADC) consists of ring delay line, counter, encoder and subtractor. The time-domain ADC is implemented based on the XFAB 0.18μm COMS standard process, and the overall power consumption is 37.7μW under a 1.8V supply voltage. The simulated ENOB, SNDR, and SFDR are 10.72-bits, 66.31dB, and 76.13dB respectively at the Nyquist frequency.
Exercise and Mood: Exploring the Role of Exercise in Regulating Stress Reactivity in Bipolar Disorder (2007)

degree at The University of Maine, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for “fair use ” copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Librarian. It is understood that any copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written
The Amino-Acid Sequence and Carbohydrate Content of Phospholipase A2 from Bee Venom (1974)

The complete amino acid sequence of phospholipase A2 from the venom of the common European honey-bee (Apis mellifica) has been determined. The sequence of amino acid residues at the N-terminus was obtained by direct application of the Edman degradation technique and that at the C-terminus by digestion with carboxypeptidases A and B. Digestion of the reduced and carboxymethylated enzyme with trypsin yielded a completely soluble peptide mixture, all the components of which were isolated and their structures determined. Overlaps of the tryptic peptides were deduced from the structures of peptides isolated after digestion of the reduced and carboxymethylated enzyme with chymotrypsin and of the reduced and aminoethylated enzyme with a protease specific for cleavage at lysine residues. Two remaining ambiguities were resolved by peptides obtained from a digest of the reduced, carboxymethylated and maleylated enzyme with trypsin. The phospholipase A2 consists of a single chain of 128 amino acid residues and contains attached carbohydrate residues. The composition and point of attachment of the carbohydrate moiety have been established.
Resistance Heating for Self-healing Composites (2007)

Thermally remendable polymers have recently become available that are paving the way for the creation of self-healing composites. This article investigates the use of carbon fibers as a resistive heating network for future use in a self-healing composite. Various electrode methods are studied in an attempt to reduce the contact resistance that causes localized heating around the electrode. In addition to localized heating, electrical conduction through the fibers creates heat through composite resistance. It was observed that for short distances between electrodes, contact resistance dominates while over longer distances, composite resistance dominates. The balance between the two types of heating is measured and modeled using finite element modeling (FEM).
A heuristic method based on unsupervised learning and fuzzy inference for the vehicle routing problem (2003)

This paper deals with a fuzzy-based system to solve the capacitated vehicle routing problem. The proposed method makes use of a neural network with unsupervised learning guided by a fuzzy rule base. The algorithm implements a policy of penalties and rewards, a strategy of neuron inhibition, insertion and pruning, and also takes into account certain statistical characteristics of the input space. The fuzzy theory is considered to minimize drawbacks related to uncertainty and availability of partial information, leading to an adaptive process of constraint relaxation. The effectiveness of the proposed method is attested by means of a series of computational simulations. As the proposed approach has no adaptation to any particular instance, it represents a good candidate to provide the initial condition for more dedicated approaches, like tabu search.
Thermoregulatory responses to cold: effects of handwear with multi-layered clothing. (1998)

The ECWCS with specific handwear furnish adequate ET in cold-dry ambients provided that ventilation and removal of extra layers is an option during heavy exercise and thermal insulation is not decreased by body moisture.
Heart rate variability-A potential, noninvasive prognostic index in the critically ill patient (1998)

Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL. Address requests for reprints to: Harold L. Kennedy, MD, The Cardiovasucular Research Foundation, St. John's Mercy Medical Center, 777 So. New Ballas Road, St. Louis, MO 63141.
Digital audio coding for visual communications (1995)

Current and future visual communications for applications such as broadcasting videotelephony, video- and audiographic-conferencing, and interactive multimedia services assume a substantial audio component. Even text, graphics, fax, still images, email documents, etc. will gain from voice annotation and audio clips. A wide range of speech, wideband speech, and wideband audio coders is available for such applications. In the context of audiovisual communications, the quality of telephone-bandwidth speech is acceptable for some videotelephony and videoconferencing services. Higher bandwidths (wideband speech) may be necessary to improve the intelligibility and naturalness of speech. High quality audio coding including multichannel audio will be necessary in advanced digital TV and multimedia services. This paper explains basic approaches to speech, wideband speech, and audio bit rate compressions in audiovisual communications. These signal classes differ in bandwidth, dynamic range, and in listener expectation of offered quality. It will become obvious that the use of our knowledge of auditory perception helps minimizing perception of coding artifacts and leads to efficient low bit rate coding algorithms which can achieve substantially more compression than was thought possible only a few years ago. The paper concentrates on worldwide source coding standards beneficial for consumers, service providers, and manufacturers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Analysis of mtDNA variant segregation during early human embryonic development: a tool for successful NARP preimplantation diagnosis (2005)

This PGD, the first reported for a mtDNA mutation, illustrates the skewed meiotic segregation of the NARP mtDNA mutation in early human development. However, discrepancies between the segregation patterns of the NARP mutation and the HV2 polymorphism indicate that a particular mtDNA nucleotide variant might differentially influenced the mtDNA segregation, precluding any assumption on feasibility of PGD for other mtDNA mutations.
A study of polarization diversity using an electromagnetic spatio-temporal channel model (2002)

A spatio-temporal channel model based on EM scattering is presented where the properties of the transmit and receive antennas are included. The direction and the amplitude of the electromagnetic field are also included in the model instead of using just an amplitude. These directional properties are then used to analyze the polarization diversity in a propagation scenario with scattering objects of simple shapes. A vector RAKE receiver for this scenario is employed and the resulting BER is related to physical parameters of the propagation environment. It is found that a substantial improvement in BER is possible by exploiting polarization diversity and that the result is insensitive to the orientation of the base station antennas.
Effect of Inhomogeneities on Surface Signals Coming from a Cerebral Current-Dipole Source (1974)

A three-sphere model is used to investigate the effects of inhomogeneities introduced by the scalp and the skull on the apparent location and magnitude of a current dipole representing local activity in the brain. The magnitude of the dipole is found to decrease by a proportion of 40 percent, whereas the location of the dipole appears 35 percent more centric.