gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Relation Between Low Dose of Hydrochlorothiazide, Antihypertensive Effect and Adverse Effects (1994)

Thiazide diuretics are widely used in the drug treatment of hypertension but their dose-response curves for the antihypertensive and adverse metabolic effects differ. To characterize the lower end of the dose-response curve a double-blind, parallel group trial was performed as multicentre study in Scandinavia. One hundred and eleven patients with newly diagnosed or previously treated mild to moderate hypertension (untreated diastolic blood pressure of 95-115 mmHg after 4 weeks placebo) were randomly allocated to various doses of hydrochlorothiazide (3, 6, 12.5 or 25 mg) or placebo for 6 weeks. Blood pressure and biochemical variables (plasma renin activity, serum potassium, magnesium, urate, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoproteins A1 and B were measured. 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide had a borderline effect on blood pressure whilst 25 mg had a definite antihypertensive effect. Biochemical changes were seen in plasma renin activity, serum potassium and urate after the 12.5 and 25 mg dose. Three and 6 mg had no effect on blood pressure or metabolic parameters.
Developing User Interfaces (1998)

Preface Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Designing the Functional Model Chapter 3 Basic Computer Graphics Chapter 4 Basics of Event Handling Chapter 5 Basic Interaction Chapter 6 Widget Tool Kits Chapter 7 Interfaces from Widgets Chapter 8 Input Syntax Chapter 9 Geometry of Shapes Chapter 10 Geometric Transformations Chapter 11 Interacting with Geometry Chapter 12 Drawing Architectures Chapter 13 Cut, Copy, and Paste Chapter 14 Monitoring the Interface: Undo, Groupware, and Macros
Measurement of Solubilities in the Ternary System NaCl + CaCl<sub>2</sub>+ H<sub>2</sub>O and KCl + CaCl<sub>2</sub>+ H<sub>2</sub>O at 50℃ (2010)

NaCl-<TEX>$CaCl_2$</TEX>-<TEX>$H_2O$</TEX>와 KCl-<TEX>$CaCl_2$</TEX>-<TEX>$H_2O$</TEX>계의 용해도와 물리화학적 성질(굴절률)을 <TEX>$50^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 측정하였으며, 그 결과를 상평형 그림과 조성에 따른 물리화학적 성질에 대한 도표로 나타내었다. 삼성분계의 상 평형 그림은 불변점이 하나, 일변수 곡선이 둘, NaCl (또는 KCl) 및 <TEX>$CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$</TEX>에 대응되는 결정화 지역이 두 개가 있음을 보여주었다. 이들 계에 대하여 혼합 파라미터인 <TEX>${\theta}_{M,Ca}$</TEX>와 <TEX>${\Psi}_{M,Ca,Cl}$</TEX> (M = Na or K), 평형상수 <TEX>$K_{sp}$</TEX>를 최소제곱법을 이용하여 결정하였으며, 이때, NaCl, KCl 및 <TEX>$CaCl_2$</TEX>의 단일-염 Pitzer 파라미터 <TEX>${\beta}^{(0)}$</TEX>, <TEX>${\beta}^{(1)}$</TEX>, <TEX>${\beta}^{(2)}$</TEX> and <TEX>$C^{\Phi}$</TEX>는 참고문헌을 통하여 직접 계산하였다. 이 결과들은 실험결과와 잘 일치하였다. The solubility and the physicochemical property (refractive index) in the NaCl-<TEX>$CaCl_2$</TEX>-<TEX>$H_2O$</TEX> and KCl-<TEX>$CaCl_2$</TEX>-<TEX>$H_2O$</TEX> systems were determined at <TEX>$50^{\circ}C$</TEX> and the phase diagrams and the diagrams of physicochemical property vs composition were plotted. One invariant point, two univariant curves, and two crystallization zones, corresponding to sodium Chloride (or potassium chloride), dihydrate (<TEX>$CaCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$</TEX>) showed up in the phase diagrams of the ternary systems. The mixing parameters <TEX>${\theta}_{M,Ca}$</TEX> and <TEX>${\Psi}_{M,Ca,Cl}$</TEX> (M = Na or K) and equilibrium constant <TEX>$K_{sp}$</TEX> were evaluated in NaCl-<TEX>$CaCl_2-H_2O$</TEX> and KCl-<TEX>$CaCl_2-H_2O$</TEX> systems by least-squares optimization procedure, in which the single-salt Pitzer parameters of NaCl, KCl and <TEX>$CaCl_2$</TEX> <TEX>${\beta}^{(0)}$</TEX>, <TEX>${\beta}^{(1)}$</TEX>, <TEX>${\beta}^{(2)}$</TEX> and <TEX>$C^{\Phi}$</TEX> were directly calculated from the literature. The results obtained were in good agreement with the experimental data.
Modularization of engineering courses using HTML content (2004)

For courses having a strong "hands-on" component, HTML presentation of lecture material allows class meetings to be used for in-class exercises. When students in the class have divergent vocational interests, this approach (HTML readings plus structured exercises) is amenable to exercises tailored to the interests of the individual that also meet overall class goals. A mathematical modeling course taught with all requisite material available in HTML can be so structured. Care must be taken to ensure that in-class exercises remain truly parallel.
Bridge Assessment Using Forced-Vibration Testing (1995)

Full-scale forced-vibration tests conducted before and after structural repairs on a multispan reinforced-concrete highway bridge are described in the paper. The tests were conducted to investigate any correlation that may exist between the repair works and changes in the dynamic characteristics of the bridge. The approach adopted is suitable for assessing the structural condition of a bridge using vibration data. A purpose-built hydraulic vibrator was used to artificially excite the bridge, and the dynamic response was measured by accelerometers placed on the bridge deck. A single-degree-of-freedom model was fitted to the response functions in order to extract natural frequencies, modal damping ratios, and mode shapes. It was found that the repair works caused a slight reduction in the natural frequencies but there was no definite trend in the changes to the modal damping ratios. Comparison of the mode shapes before and after repairs using modal analysis procedures was found to give an indication of the location of the repairs.
Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies to the 26-kDa Glutathione S-transferase of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> (1996)

Six monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised in mice against the 26-kDa glutathione S-transferase (GST) of the parasite Schistosoma japonicum. These MAbs were originally selected for their specific binding to the recombinant GST (r-GST) generated in E. coli by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A further study demonstrated that all these MAbs bound to plate-coated GST affinity-purified from the parasite Schistosoma japonicum. However, in Western blotting analysis only a single monoclonal antibody (MAb Y3D7) yielded positive binding. The binding of MAb Y3D7 on Western blotting was further characterized; specific binding was found on other GST fusion proteins and on the authentic 26-kDa GST but not the 28-kDa GST in the total soluble worm proteins from Schistosoma japonicum. Using protein-A-mediated immunoprecipitation, MAbs Y3D7 and Y5D5 precipitated r-GST while in parallel experiments the remaining MAbs did not generate r-GST precipitation. In an alternative co-precipitation experiment, r-GST was first bound to glutathione (GSH) Sepharose beads and subsequently tested for interaction with the MAbs. In this manner, all MAbs except MAb Y5D5 were co-precipitated with the complexes. Thus, these select MAbs readily reacted with GST although their binding characteristics were different. Because GST has been widely used in the generation of fusion proteins for various purposes and is a potential vaccine candidate in controlling schistosomiasis, these MAbs should prove valuable for their application to molecular biology and parasitology.
Cytochemical Aspects of Chitin Breakdown During the Parasitic Action of a<i>Trichoderma</i>sp. on<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>f. sp.<i>radicis-lycopersici</i> (1990)

A strain of Trichoderma, isolated from a sample of peat collected in New Brunswick, displays the ability to produce chitinases and inhibits growth of the pathogenic fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, in dual culture tests. Scanning electron microscope investigations of hyphal interactions show that growth inhibition of the host mycelium does not result from hyphal penetration by Trichoderma (...)
Development of outer continental shelf energy resources (1984)

An important source of oil and gas that has sparked much recent debate is the outer continental shelf (OCS). This article traces the history of the development of OCS energy resources as well as the official policies underlying federal governmental actions affecting the OCS. It also spotlights the basic conflict in terms of environmental concerns between coastal states and the federal government regarding their desired roles in the process of controlling OCS development.
MIB Design for Network Management Transaction Processing (1993)

Pregnancy-associated breast carcinoma is generally defined as cancer that occurs during pregnancy or within 1 year of delivery, although treatment options are the most complicated when the disease is diagnosed during pregnancy. We report the case of a 30-year-old woman who was diagnosed with breast cancer at her 9th week of pregnancy. The patient initially had mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. She began adjuvant therapy with 3 courses of epirubicin/cyclophosphamide at 19 weeks of gestation. After delivery of a healthy child, she received one course of epirubicin/cyclophosphamide and 4 courses of docetaxel. Although the data are limited, pregnant patients with cancer can be treated with systemic chemotherapy with minimal risks to the fetus during the second or third trimester. Management of breast cancer during pregnancy requires an interdisciplinary care team and careful consideration of the patient's stage of disease, the gestational age of the fetus, and the preferences of the patient and her family.
Modeling of boron, phosphorus, and arsenic implants into single-crystal silicon over a wide energy range (few keV to several MeV) (2002)

In this paper is presented for the first time an accurate, physically based simulator for boron, arsenic, and phosphorus ion implantation covering a very wide range of energies from a few keV to several MeV. This wide range of energies, as well as on-axis and off-axis implantations, is covered by a single, comprehensive model. Combined with previously developed models for damage accumulation, this model allows physically-based simulation of 3-D profiles over an extremely wide range of implant conditions.
[Bleeding secondary duodenal diverticulum: a rare late complication following nephrolithotomy]. (1992)

Secondary duodenal diverticula are due primarily to traction upon that section from some other cause such as ulcer, cholecystitis and so forth. It accounts for 1.6 to 20% of all duodenal diverticula. Numerous reports of gastrointestinal hemorrhage from duodenal diverticula have appeared in the literature. But massive UGI bleeding due to secondary duodenal diverticulum, caused by nephrolithotomy, was a rare late complication. Here we present a case of a 63-year-old male patient who underwent a right side nephrolithotomy 10 and 8 years previously, then developed massive UGI bleeding suddenly. Pre-operative UGI series and gastroscopy showed chronic duodenal ulcer and duodenal diverticulum at second section where much blood clot was noted. In time, a successful operation was performed. This complication of secondary duodenal diverticulum was rare, so consideration regarding management and surgical approach was discussed.
Riemannian Manifold Learning (2008)

Recently, manifold learning has been widely exploited in pattern recognition, data analysis, and machine learning. This paper presents a novel framework, called Riemannian manifold learning (RML), based on the assumption that the input high-dimensional data lie on an intrinsically low-dimensional Riemannian manifold. The main idea is to formulate the dimensionality reduction problem as a classical problem in Riemannian geometry, i.e., how to construct coordinate charts for a given Riemannian manifold? We implement the Riemannian normal coordinate chart, which has been the most widely used in Riemannian geometry, for a set of unorganized data points. First, two input parameters (the neighborhood size k and the intrinsic dimension d) are estimated based on an efficient simplicial reconstruction of the underlying manifold. Then, the normal coordinates are computed to map the input high-dimensional data into a low-dimensional space. Experiments on synthetic data as well as real world images demonstrate that our algorithm can learn intrinsic geometric structures of the data, preserve radial geodesic distances, and yield regular embeddings.
Framework for Mobile Payments Integration (2012)

This paper derives a theoretical framework for consideration of both the technologically driven dimensions of mobile payment solutions, and the associated value proposition for customers. Banks promote traditional payment instruments whose value proposition is the management of risk for both consumers and merchants. These instruments are centralised, costly and lack decision support functionality. The ubiquity of the mobile phone has provided a decentralised platform for managing payment processes in a new way, but the value proposition for customers has yet to be elaborated clearly. This inertia has stalled the design of sustainable revenue models for a mobile payments ecosystem. Merchants and consumers in the meantime are being seduced by the convenience of on‑line and mobile payment solutions. Adopting the purchase and payment process as the unit of analysis, the current mobile payment landscape is reviewed with respect to the creation and consumption of customer value. From this analysis, a framework is derived juxtaposing customer value, related to what is being paid for, with payment integration, related to how payments are being made. The framework provides a theoretical and practical basis for considering the contribution of mobile technologies to the payment industry. The framework is then used to describe the components of a mobile payments pilot project being run on a trial population of 250 students on a campus in Ireland. In this manner, weaknesses in the value proposition for consumers and merchants were highlighted. Limitations of the framework as a research tool are also discussed.
A Video Metadata Model supporting Personalization & Recommendation in Video-based Services (2001)

In this paper, we propose an MPEG-7 based video metadata model that supports personalization and recommendation in video-based services. This is achieved through the provision of adequate video retrieval support that includes video retrieval based on video content, video structure and/or video attributes, as well as video retrieval based on the relationships within videos, among videos and between videos and real world objects. Our video metadata model is structured in two layers: In the first layer, we define a set of core classes appropriate for the description of any video type. In the second layer, we define additional sets of classes, one for the detailed description of each video type. We focus here on the detailed description of the first layer of our model, while we stress, through a set of examples, the necessity of the second layer.
Speech recognition under additive noise (2005)

In this paper we present a study on the performance of a speaker-dependent continuous speech recognition algorithm in various background noise levels, including the mismatch tolerance of the algorithm. This mismatch exists in most applications where the user is trained in one noise level and does the recognition in different and highly variable noise levels. Finally, we introduce a pre-processing technique called 'twicing' and a simple 3-point moving average post-processor. The twicing algorithm, while still maintaining the high performance in the quiet background, reduces the error rate in the noisy environments by a significant amount. The results indicate that smoothing in addition to twicing provides significant performance improvement in high noise background.
Trial of ganglioside GM1 in acute stroke. (1988)

Ganglioside GM1 (100 mg) was given daily by intramuscular injection for 28 days in a double-blind placebo controlled trial of acute stroke. No significant difference was detected in a 6 month follow-up period between well matched control and active groups. Although the number of patients studied was small the findings are believed to indicate that GM1 is unlikely to be of value in the treatment of acute stroke in the dose and route of administration used.
Distance Sampling: Estimating abundance of biological populations (1993)

1 Introductory concepts.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Range of applications.- 1.3 Types of data.- 1.4 Known constants and parameters.- 1.5 Assumptions.- 1.6 Fundamental concept.- 1.7 Detection.- 1.8 History of methods.- 1.9 Program DISTANCE.- 2 Assumptions and modelling philosophy.- 2.1 Assumptions.- 2.2 Fundamental models.- 2.3 Philosophy and strategy.- 2.4 Robust models.- 2.5 Some analysis guidelines.- 3 Statistical theory.- 3.1 General formula.- 3.2 Hazard-rate modelling of the detection process.- 3.3 The key function formulation for distance data.- 3.4 Maximum likelihood methods.- 3.5 Choice of model.- 3.6 Estimation for clustered populations.- 3.7 Density, variance and interval estimation.- 3.8 Stratification and covariates.- 4 Line transects.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Example data.- 4.3 Truncation.- 4.4 Estimating the variance in sample size.- 4.5 Analysis of grouped or ungrouped data.- 4.6 Model selection.- 4.7 Estimation of density and measures of precision.- 4.8 Estimation when the objects are in clusters.- 4.9 Assumptions.- 4.10 Summary.- 5 Point transects.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Example data.- 5.3 Truncation.- 5.4 Estimating the variance in sample size.- 5.5 Analysis of grouped or ungrouped data.- 5.6 Model selection.- 5.7 Estimation of density and measures of precision.- 5.8 Estimation when the objects are in clusters.- 5.9 Assumptions.- 5.10 Summary.- 6 Extensions and related work.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Other models.- 6.3 Modelling variation in encounter rate and cluster size.- 6.4 Estimation of the probability of detection on the line or point.- 6.5 On the concept of detection search effort.- 6.6 Fixed versus random sample size.- 6.7 Efficient simulation of distance data.- 6.8 Thoughts about a full likelihood approach.- 6.9 Distance sampling in three dimensions.- 6.10 Cue counting.- 6.11 Trapping webs.- 6.12 Migration counts.- 6.13 Point-to-object and nearest neighbour methods.- 7 Study design and field methods.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Survey design.- 7.3 Searching behaviour.- 7.4 Measurements.- 7.5 Training observers.- 7.6 Field methods for mobile objects.- 7.7 Field methods when detection on the centerline is not certain.- 7.8 Field comparisons between line transects, point transects and mapping censuses.- 7.9 Summary.- 8 Illustrative examples.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Lake Huron brick data.- 8.3 Wooden stake data.- 8.4 Studies of nest density.- 8.5 Fin whale abundance in the North Atlantic.- 8.6 Use of tuna vessel observer data to assess trends in abundance of dolphins.- 8.7 House wren densities in South Platte River bottomland.- 8.8 Songbird surveys in Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge.- 8.9 Assessing the effects of habitat on density.- Appendix A List of common and scientific names cited.- Appendix B Notation and abbreviations, and their definitions.
Time series analysis: recursive methods and their modifications for time series with outliers and missing observations (1991)

The recursive methods are popular in time series analysis since they are computationally efficient and flexible enough to treat various changes in character of data. This paper gives a survey of the most important type of these methods including their classification and relationships existing among them. Special attention is devoted to i) robustification of some recursive methods, capable of facing outliers in time series, and ii) modifications of recursive methods for time series with missing observations.
Test Variability of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Assay in Clinical Practice (2013)

There is substantial variability in TB response when IGRAs are repeated using the same patient sample. IGRA results should be interpreted cautiously when TB response is near interpretation cut-points.
The Maltese, White Australia, and Conscription: 'Il-Tfal Ta Billy Hughes' (1989)

In October 1916, at the height of Australia's great conscription referendum debate, a party of 214 Maltese labourers arrived off the coast of Western Australia. They travelled on a French mailboat, Gange, and were headed for Sydney. Fearful that their arrival might prejudice the case for conscription, Prime Minister William Hughes arranged for the group to be given a 'dictation test' under the terms of the 1901 Immigration (Restriction) Act. The test, which could be administered in any European language, was Hughes' most convenient lawful way of prohibiting the Maltese passengers from disembarking in Australia. The incident was a key factor in the case of the anti-conscriptionists in the days leading up to Hughes' referendum; yet it is only fleetingly mentioned in books dealing with that facet of Australia's domestic front during the War.1 The exclusion of the 214 Maltese, and a subsequent ban on Maltese new arrivals, throw into stark relief the principal forces underlying, and shaping, Australian immigration policy in the early decades of the Commonwealth. First, there was the Imperial strategy view, emanating from the British Colonial Office and Dominions Office in London, to which the Australian policy was expected to conform. Against the Imperialist perception stood the Australian labour movement whose more outspoken sections opposed all immigration on economic grounds, and who frequently expressed racial objections to specific ethnic groups. Arraigned against the narrow nationalism of the labour movement were the local Empire loyalists, exemplified by the wealthy businessmen of the Sydney Millions Club, who energetically campaigned for large-scale immigration from acceptable parts of the British Empire, including the Mother Country itself. In between these conflicting forces was the Australian government which attempted to balance the notion of 'national interest' with Imperial re quirements. The 1916 incident involving the Gange Maltese highlighted the delicate nature of the relationships within the Empire, especially where matters of migration and race were concerned. The Maltese are a useful case study of the Imperial/national dynamics of, and stresses within, Australian policy. The 212,000 inhabitants of the Mediterranean archipelago in 1916 were, according to the grand Empire vision, the Imperial brothers and sisters of fellow-British Australians. Moreover, Malta was a vital British naval base, guarding the western Mediterranean approach to the Suez Canal, and hence to India, Asia, and Australasia.