gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inverse beta decay in a nonequilibrium antineutrino flux from a nuclear reactor (2001)

The evolution of the reactor-antineutrino spectrum toward equilibrium above the inverse-beta-decay threshold during the reactor operating period and the decay of residual $$\bar \nu _e $$ radiation after reactor shutdown are considered. It is found that, under certain conditions, these processes can play a significant role in experiments seeking neutrino oscillations.
Three Word Clusters in Emma (1975)

Several studies of Jane Austen's novels have focused on the author's diction. As early as 1948 Mark Schorer argued that the language of novel can create a certain texture and tone which in themselves state and define themes and meanings.1 Schorer then went on to examine the commercial language found in Persuasion, Pride and Prejudice, and Emma.2 More recently the critical approach called verbal analysis has been discussed in detail by David Lodge and has been applied to Jane Austen's novels by Lodge himself and by Stuart Tave.3 This essay will follow Lodge's basic methodology in examining Jane Austen's use of three groups of related words in Emma. For the sake of simplicity each group will be called word cluster because each consists of words whose meanings tend to cohere. three clusters in question contain words dealing with vision, with sickness and the practice of medicine, and with the process of ruling. One of the most significant word clusters in Emma is announced on the very first page. Here Jane Austen writes: The real evils indeed of Emma's situation were the power of having rather too much her own way, and disposition to think little too well of herself; these were the disadvantages which threatened alloy to her many enjoyments. dan? ger, however, was at present so unperceived, that they did not by any means rank as misfortunes with her.4 Jane Austen seems to be telling her reader to be prepared for novel about faulty perception. Conse? quently, it is not surprising to find throughout the work many words having to do with the eyes, seeing, and blindness. Words from this cluster are used frequently to evaluate Emma's powers of perception. For example, the words of the novel's narrator suggest that Emma has quick (pp. 31 and 81) and steady (p. 46). Emma herself points out to Mr. Elton that she is thought to have tolerable eye in general (p. 43). When Mr. Knightley questions some
Solar water disinfection: scope of the process and analysis of radiation experiments (1994)

The exposure of water to sunlight radiation improves the microbiological quality of water. This treatment process called solar water disinfection could be used at household level to treat small quantities of water for drinking purposes. The bactericidal effect of UV-A and violet light and their combined effects assumed as hypothesis by earlier research could be verified by the laboratory tests carried out at EAWAG. A 3-log reduction of <em>E. coli</em> requires a fluence close to 2,000 kJ/m<sup>2</sup> or 555 W·h/m<sup>2</sup> (dose of solar radiation integrated in the 350-450 nm wavelength range), which correspond to ~5 h of mid-latitude midday summer sunshine. The same dose inactivates also the bacteriophage f2 and a rotavirus to a similar order of magnitude, whereas a picornavirus (encephalomyocarditis virus) was observed to be twice as resistant. Water temperatures with a threshold of ~50 °C considerably increase the inactivation rate of bacteria induced by solar radiation whereas the inactivation rate of viruses steadily increases with temperatures in the range of 20-50 °C. The recorded synergetic effects of solar radiation and thermal water treatment favour a combined use of these two water-treatment processes.
Large area negative ion source for high voltage neutral beams (1979)

A source of negative deuterium ions in the multi-ampere range is described that is readily extrapolated to reactor size, 10 amp or more of neutral beam, that is of interest in future experiments and reactors. The negative ion source is based upon the double charge exchange process. A beam of positive ions is created and accelerated to an energy at which the attachment process D + M ..-->.. D/sup -/ + M/sup +/ proceeds efficiently. The positive ions are atomically neutralized either in D/sub 2/ or in the charge exchange medium M. Atomic species make a second charge exchange collision in the charge target to form D/sup -/. For a sufficiently thick target, the beam reaches an equilibrium fraction of negative ions. For reasons of efficiency, the target is typically alkali metal vapor; this experiment uses sodium. The beam of negative ions can be accelerated to high (>200 keV) energy, the electrons stripped from the ions, and a high energy neutral beam formed.
Calculation of equilibrium in anion-exchange extractive systems (2007)

Anion-exchange extractive systems based on solutions of higher quaternary ammonium salts in the presence of solvating additives, derivatives of trifluoroacetophenone, were considered. A mathematical model of the extractive system was developed and average solvation numbers and constants of solvation of ClO 4 − , SCN−, Br−, and NO 3 − ions by variously structured derivatives of trifluoroacetophenone were calculated from experimental data.
Histopathologic Technic and Practical Histochemistry. (1954)

Histopathologie technic and practical histochemistry , Histopathologie technic and practical histochemistry , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
In-frame single codon deletion in the Mmalton deficiency allele of alpha 1-antitrypsin. (1989)

A deficiency of the plasma protease inhibitor alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) is usually a consequence of the PI*Z allele. Mmalton is another deficiency allele which, like Z alpha 1AT, is associated with hepatocyte inclusions and impaired secretion. We report here the sequence of the PI Mmalton allele, which contains a 3-bp deletion coding for one of two adjacent phenylalanine residues (amino acid 51 or 52 of the mature protein). Using oligonucleotide hybridization of polymerase chain reaction-amplified DNA, we have demonstrated cosegregation of the PI Mmalton protein and the 3-bp deletion in the family in which this allele was originally described and in three other, unrelated kindreds. This deletion is found exclusively in PI Mmalton alleles and not in the normal M2 alleles from which, to judge on the basis of haplotype data, the Mmalton mutation must have been derived. In polyacrylamide isoelectric focusing (PIEF) gels, the isoelectric point of Mmalton is only slightly more cathodal than M2, a finding consistent with the loss of a single uncharged amino acid. To judge on the basis of X-ray crystallography data for the normal alpha 1AT protein, the deletion of aa 51/52 would shorten one strand of the beta sheet, B6, apparently preventing normal processing and secretion.
ELECTRODEPOSITION OF METALS IN ULTRASONIC FIELDS (1968)

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Effects of Notch-1 signalling pathway on differentiation of marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neurons in vitro (2007)

In this study, the putative involvement of the Notch-1 signaling pathway in the neuronal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was investigated through RNA interference (RNAi). We found that mNotch-1shRNA could efficiently block expression of Notch-1 in BMSCs. After induction, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcriptase-PCR and Western blot analyses, all indicated that the expression of neuron-specific markers such as neuron-specific enolase and neurofilament 200 was much higher in mNotch-1shRNA BMSCs than that in control groups, whereas the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein was lower in mNotch-1shRNA BMSCs. The percentage of apoptotic cells in mNotch-1shRNA BMSCs, however, was significantly higher than that in control groups. These data indicate that Notch signaling plays a role in the differentiation of BMSCs into neurons in vitro. Pharmacological or genetic interference with Notch signaling may provide a novel method to obtain neurons for therapeutic use.
An 0.1-μm asymmetric halo by large-angle-tilt implant (AHLATI) MOSFET for high performance and reliability (1999)

A new 0.1-/spl mu/m MOSFET structure called asymmetric halo by large-angle-tilt implant (AHLATI) is proposed for substantial reduction of short-channel and hot-carrier effects while enhancing the current driving capability. This structure differs from the conventional devices in that it has an asymmetric channel profile with a localized pileup region next to the source junction.
Cancer Immunotherapy: A Future Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2015)

Emerging evidence on the role of the antitumor activity of the immune system has generated great interest in immunotherapy even for tumors that were historically considered as nonimmunogenic. Immunotherapy is emerging as a major modality in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment focusing on vaccine approaches to elicit specific immune responses and development of inhibitors of the molecular mediators of cancer-induced immunosuppression (immune checkpoints) to boost antitumor immune responses. Amplification of the host response against evolving tumors through vaccination is being investigated in ongoing clinical trials with tumor cell vaccines; however, the clinical efficacy of these agents has been limited. Blocking inhibitory pathways such as the CTL antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) checkpoint pathways with mAbs has generated antitumor immune responses that are transforming cancer therapeutics. PD-1 and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies have shown durable responses in NSCLC, with a favorable safety profile and manageable side effects. The activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors is currently been assessed in treatment-naïve patients with PD-L1-positive advanced NSCLC. Combinatorial approaches with other immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy, or targeted agents are being explored in ongoing clinical trials, and may improve outcome in NSCLC.
A structure, using resonant coupling elements, suitable for a high-power travelling-wave tube (1958)

In the field of pulsed amplifiers for the megawatt output-power level, having high average power and 20% bandwidth at S-band frequencies, a promising structure seems to be a loop-coupled disc-loaded waveguide. The paper describes some of the properties of such structures.Of a number of possible pass-bands the two of principal interest are those of lowest frequency. If the loops are reversed, i.e. S-shaped, the lowest pass-band is a forward waveband and therefore useful for wide-band amplifier application, whilst the other is a backward-wave pass-band.In order to understand these pass-bands it is necessary to consider that the resonant waveguide sections are coupled together by other resonant elements—the loops. A theory based on a simple model of this sort accords reasonably well with the observations.Structures having up to 48 loops have been measured and some characteristics are given. The conditions for maximum pass-band, concomitant with adequate Pierce impedance, have been studied. One potentially useful structure has 24 loops and a cold pass-band of 38% of the average frequency; about one-half of this should be available in amplifier operation.
Fuentes de resistencia al tizón temprano, Alternaria solani y su transferencia al tomate, Lycopersicon esculentum (1987)

Líneas de tomate informadas como resistentes al tizón temprano se sembraron y evaluaron bajo infestaciones severamente afectados por el tizón temprano durante la estación lluviosa (verano) de 1982-1985 en Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. El propósito era identificar las líneas con resistencia útil en Puerto Rico. Esto se definió como poco tizón a pesar de condiciones apropiadas para la enfermedad y sin control químico. Resistencia útil en el campo se encontró en la minoría de los casos, pero una o más líneas de L. esculentum f. cerasiforme, L. pimpinellifolium, L. esculentum x L. pimpinellifolium y L. hirsutum var. typicium mostraron resistencia útil. Las menos afectadas fueron variedades de L. hirsutum, las cuales también arrojaron los rendimientos más bajos. La mejor producción de tomates se obtuvo con L. pimpinellifolium aunque acusaba menos resistencia. Cruces de L. esculentum con L. hirsutum con resistencia útil se estudiaron en las generaciones F1, F2, y F3. La resistencia parecía ser dominante en la F1, pero la segregación en la F2 sugirió que muchos genes modificadores, dominantes y recesivos, probablemente estuvieron envueltos en la resistencia al tizón temprano. De las líneas de tomate común, 84B 510-4 obtenida de T. Barksdale, era la que más se acercaba en resistencia a las especies silvestres. Generalmente, tomates comunes parecen ser más susceptibles al tizón temprano que las especies silvestres. Para aumentar la agrupación de genes para resistencia, se sugieren seleccionar en la F2 y retrocruces progresivos. Las variedades susceptibles se defoliaron un mes después de iniciarse la floración durante el lluvioso verano, mientras que las variedades con resistencia útil se defoliaron 6 u 8 semanas después de dicha etapa.
The Importance of Dietary Protein in Healing Pressure Ulcers (1993)

High protein diets may improve the healing of pressure ulcers in malnourished nursing home patients.
Surprised by Joy; The Whispering Gallery (1956)

Surprised by Joy; The Whispering Gallery Get access Surprised by Joy. By C. S. Lewis. Bles. 15s.The Whispering Gallery. By John Lehmann. Longmans. 21s. Margaret Willy Margaret Willy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar English: Journal of the English Association, Volume 11, Issue 61, Spring 1956, Pages 27–28, https://doi.org/10.1093/english/11.61.27 Published: 01 March 1956
Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa — No Early End to the Outbreak (2014)

The Ebola virus disease outbreak in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone has grown so large and severe primarily because these countries are among the world's poorest. Poverty, dysfunctional health systems, and fear remain formidable obstacles to ending the outbreak.
Electrophoretic Deposition of Titania Nanoparticles in Different Alcohols: Kinetics of Deposition (2011)

The suspension of titania nanoparticles in different alcohols (methanol, ethanol, and butanol) was prepared and triethanolamine (TEA) was used as a dispersant. The suspensions were characterized by different tests such as sedimentation, zeta potential, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was performed at various voltages and times. EPD from butanolic suspension (0.8 g/L TEA) showed the slowest kinetics, because of the low electrophoretic mobility of titania nanoparticles in it (2.40 × 10 −5 cm 2 ·(V·s) −1 ). Also, it was observed that at low voltages (5, 10, and 20 V), the EPD kinetics from methanolic suspension (0 g/L TEA) was the fastest; however, with deposition voltage, the weights of deposits formed from methanolic (0 g/L TEA) and ethanolic (2.4 g/L TEA) suspensions approached each other so that at (30 V, t ≥240 s), (40 V, t ≥120 s), and (60 V, t ≥80 s) the weight of deposits formed from the ethanolic suspension was higher. These interesting observations were interpreted by the values of the electrophoretic mobility of titania nanoparticles in methanolic (−7.78 × 10 −5 cm 2 ·(V·s) −1 ) and ethanolic (4 × 10 −5 cm 2 ·(V·s) −1 ) suspensions as well as the rate of increase in the electrical resistance of the deposits formed from these suspensions.
Petrology and Chemistry of Modern Big River Sands (1978)

The sands of many of the world's modern big rivers were studied to provide a worldwide baseline of their petrology and chemistry, the ultimate objective being to advance our understanding of the tectonic and climatic significance of ancient sandstones, which extend backward in time almost 3.7 b.y. The sands of 36 rivers, rivers that represent 45% of the earth's land surface draining to the world ocean, are dominantly moderately to well sorted, angular to subangular lithic arenites, notably deficient in clay and silt and have an average feldspar content of 11%, some sands from tropical rivers with low relief watersheds being notable exceptions. Additionally, rivers draining Atlantic or trailing edge continental borders have a composition of , are subangular and have a ratio of 2.04, whereas rivers debouching on the collision coasts of leading or Andean continental margins have a framework averaging , are angular and a ratio of 1.0. Using the foregoing and other data, some of the interrelationships between sandstone maturity, tectonics, climate and earth history are explored. Key Idea: Worldwide baseline of modern river sand composition and its implications for ancient sandstones.
Opciones para reformar el financiamiento de la enseñanza superior (1998)

The paper reviews the challenges higher education financing faces in Latin America and the Caribbean, namely the political challenge of democracy, technological challenges, and, the strong social challenge demanding higher education responsiveness. Globally, there has been a reduction in government higher education financing, consequently alternate financing mechanisms are being explored, to generate resources outside public financing, while increasing access, and quality to education as well. The paper questions reforms, and innovative efforts in reversing past experiences, and whether it is possible to overcome the current crisis in higher education. It argues on the dimensions of the financial crises, as political leaders in developing countries face higher education reforms, and the consequences it entails for the education sector, and, examines different options on the reform agenda, through the analysis of recent experiences, in countries which aimed at higher education financial sustainability. Recommendations suggest a strategic, institutional approach in the definition of excellence, compounded by specific financial measures to build higher education institutional capacity.
The Carotenoid Pigment Zeaxanthin—A Review (2008)

ABSTRACT: Scientific evidence linking several diseases with diet has brought to light the beneficial effects of a number of natural food ingredients. Zeaxanthin is one such natural pigment emphasized for its critical role in the prevention of age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness. The review highlights zeaxanthin as a carotenoid pigment with promising nutraceutical implications, and enumerates the important plant and microbial sources for its production, the absorptive pathway of zeaxanthin in human system, and methods to assess its bioavailability besides other relevant aspects.
The Carbonate Minerals (2015)

The principal concern of this book is the use of vibrational spectroscopy as a tool in identifying mineral species and in deriving information concerning the structure, composition and reactions of minerals and mineral products. This does not mean that the approach is purely empirical; some theoretical understanding of the vibrational spectra of solids is essential to an assessment of the significance of the variations in the spectra that can be found within what is nominally a single mineral species, but which usually includes a range of compositions and defect structures. Theory alone, however, can give only limited support to the mineral spectroscopist, and careful studies of well-characterized families of natural and synthetic minerals have played an essential role in giving concrete structural significance to spectral features. The publication of this book represents a belief that theory and practice have now reached a state of maturitity and of mutual support which justifies a more widespread application of vibrational spectroscopy to the study of minerals and inorganic materials. The wide area of theory and practice that deserves to be covered has required a careful selection of the subject matter to be incorporated in this book. Since elementary vibrational spectroscopy is now regularly included in basic chemistry courses, and since so many books cover the theory and practice of molecular spectroscopy, it has been decided to assume the very basic level of knowledge which will be found, for example, in the elementary introduction of Cross and Jones (1969). With this assumption, it has been possible to concentrate on those aspects that are peculiar to or of particular significance for mineral spectroscopy.
La banca comercial, el crédito empresarial y la economía mexicana. Veinte consideraciones para la reflexión. (2001)

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FPGA-based fine grain processor array design considerations (2002)

Recent advances in FPGA technology offer a suitable environment for massively parallel, fine-grain array architectures. The paper gives geometric criteria for an optimal "jigsaw tessellated" processor cell, and cost function for cell placement. The paper demonstrates the use of FPGA-based processor arrays by the implementation results of cellular image processing algorithms. The outlined concepts are being implemented in a placement-routing tool.
Wireless message courier (2003)

Wireless coverage is often problematic. This is especially true for mobile radio networks, e.g., cellular networks. It is a very frustrating experience for a mobile user finding out that he is out of the coverage of his wireless service provider when he needs to send an emergency message. This paper proposes a method and system for delivering electronic messages over a wireless cellular communications network when the sender of a message is out of the coverage area. With this method the message is broadcasted repeatedly until a mobile wireless courier receives the message and stores the message. When the courier is within range of a base station of the cellular communication network, it then transmits the stored message to the base station for delivery.
USULAN PERBAIKAN TATA LETAK FASILITAS DEPARTEMEN PRODUKSI DENGAN ALGORITMA CRAFT (Studi Kasus di CV. GRAND MANUFACTURING INDONESIA) (2020)

Tata letak yang baik adalah tata letak yang dapat menangani sistem material handling secara efisien. Sistem material handling yang kurang efisien menjadi masalah yang cukup besar dan dapat menggangu kelancaran proses produksi. Selain itu juga dapat menyebakan peningkatan biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk perpindahan material. CV. Grand Manufacturing Indonesia mengalami permasalahan dalam hal penempatan fasilitasnya, seperti fasilitas yang saling berkaitan terhalang oleh fasilitas lain yang tidak ada hubungan keterkaitan, dan fasilitas tersebut tidak saling berdekatan dalam aliran produksi, yang berakibat pada jarak tempuh yang terlalu jauh dari satu fasilitas ke fasilitas lain, sehingga mengakibatkan besarnya biaya yang dikeluarkan. Perancangan ulang tata letak fasilitas fasilitas CV. Grand Manufacturing Indonesia menggunakan algoritma CRAFT. Tata letak alternatif yang dihasilkan oleh algoritma CRAFT menunjukan indikator total cost yang paling rendah. OMH tersebut akan mempengaruhi pada HPP untuk produk filter oli. Alternatif layout algoritma CRAFT dengan pertukaran 2 departemen pada iterasi ke-20, merupakan layout usulan yang terpilih karena berdasarkan perhitungan total cost, jarak tempuh perpindahan material, dan ongkos material handling (OMH) memiliki nilai terkecil. Jika dibandingkan dengan tata letak sekarang, Tata letak alternatif yang dihasilkan oleh algoritma CRAFT mengurangi ongkos material handling sebesar 63,9% dari ongkos material handling layout yang diterapkan oleh perusahaan saat ini.