gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Organic thin film electroluminescent devices with ZnO:Al as the anode (1996)

Some organic thin film electroluminescent (EL) devices with aluminium-doped zinc oxide as the hole-injecting electrode have now been manufactured. Their EL spectra and J - V and B - V characteristics have been studied in detail. The work function and ionization potential of the materials composing the devices have been measured and their energy models given. The EL performance properties have been explained well.
The synthesis of substituted [1]benzothieno[2,3‐<i>c</i>]quinolines and their <i>N</i>‐methyl quaternary salts (1991)

Abstract Four substituted [1]benzothieno[2,3‐ c ]quinolines 14a‐14d were prepared by photocyclization of the appropriate carboxamides 8a‐8d to the corresponding [1]benzothieno[2,3‐ c ]quinolin‐6(5 H )‐ones 12a‐12d followed by chlorination to 6‐chloro[1]benzothieno[2,3‐ c ]quinolines 13a‐13d and dechlorination resulting in the title compounds. Treatment of 14a‐14d with iodomethane furnished the corresponding N ‐methyl quaternary salts 5a‐5d .
FET-based planar circuits for quasi-optical sources and transceivers (1989)

The circuits that are simple in construction and exhibit isotropic conversion gain are discussed. Both single-device and balanced transmitter and transceiver circuits are described. Balanced sources are presented that can be operated in push-pull mode for frequency doubling. A single-FET quasi-optical oscillator circuit using a microstrip patch linear array and having an effective radiated power of 31.6 dBm at 10 GHz is reported. A dual-FET frequency-doubling oscillator circuit using a coupled rampart line antenna with an effective radiated power of 21.6 dBm at 19.7 GHz is also described. Quasi-optical transceiver elements are presented that use the FETs as both signal sources and self-oscillating mixers for down-conversion of the received signal. The application of these transceiver elements to Doppler motion detection is reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Precursors of ricin and <i>Ricinus communis</i> agglutinin (1985)

During synthesis in vivo the castor bean lectin precursors initially appear in the endoplasmic reticulum as a group of core glycosylated polypeptides of relative molecular mass 64 000-68 000. Pretreatment of intact castor bean endosperm tissue with tunicamycin partially inhibits the cotranslational core glycosylation step and results in the accumulation of a single sized unglycosylated precursor polypeptide of relative molecular mass 59 000. The glycosylated precursors in the endoplasmic reticulum were enzymically converted to the 59 000-Mr form by incubation with endoglucosaminidase H. Intracellular transport of the glycosylated lectin precursors from the endoplasmic reticulum to a denser vesicle fraction was accompanied by modifications to the oligosaccharide moieties which conferred resistance to the action of endoglucosaminidase H. The post-translational addition of fucose to the carbohydrate chain was identified as one of the oligosaccharide modification steps. Fucose addition was catalysed by a glycosyltransferase associated with a smooth-surfaced membrane fraction which was distinct from the endoplasmic reticulum and which was tentatively identified as the Golgi apparatus. Glycosylation was not essential for intracellular transport of the lectin precursors: unglycosylated precursor synthesized in the presence of tunicamycin gave rise to unglycosylated lectin subunits in the protein bodies.
Analysis and Experimental esults of a Diode Configuration of a Novel Thermoelectron Engine (1958)

The direct conversion of heat into useful electrical work without utilization of moving mechanical parts has been successfully achieved in a novel device called the thermoelectron engine. This device is a heat engine in the thermodynamic sense because the working fluid, an electron gas, receives heat at a high temperature, rejects heat at a lower temperature, and delivers useful electrical work to an external load. This heat engine is also a thermionic device in that the electron gas is produced by emission from a hot cathode in a vacuum and by absorption or condensation of the electrons on a colder anode at a higher negative potential. The basic principle underlying this heat engine is that a calculable fraction of electrons emitted from a hot cathode possess sufficiently high values of emission velocity to overcome a retarding electrostatic potential barrier between cathode and anode in a vacuum. Thus these electrons can transform their high initial value of kinetic energy into useful potential energy at the colder anode; this potential energy can then be utilized by connecting cathode and anode externally through a matched impedance in the form of a load. Hence, this engine utilizes a selection process which results in a large value of output voltage per unit cell compared with the output of a thermoelectric generator per unit thermocouple.
Factors Influencing Broadcast Seeding in Bunchgrass Range (1970)

The objective of this work was to evaluate problems of broadcast seeding perennial grasses on steep or rocky rangelands that cannot be seeded by conventional methods. Depredation of seeds by rodents and birds limited the effectiveness of broadcast seedings but not of drilled seedings. Drilled seeds remained in relatively constant and favorable soil moisture, and carried on metabolic processes rapidly and without interruption. Broadcast seeds were exposed to rapidly fluctuating moisture conditions which resulted in the frequent starting and stopping of germination processes. In drilled seedings, seven perennial grasses gave good seedling stands. In broadcast seedings, Sherman big bluegrass (Poa ampla) gave the best seedling stands. Ineffectiveness in controlling cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and other competing species was the main obstacle to seedling establishment. Successful establishment of seeded grasses appeared to be related to rate of penetration of seedling roots.
A Scheme on PN Code Tracking of DS/FH Signals for Telemetry, Tracking, and Commanding (TT&C) (2011)

The impact of Doppler frequency hopping on code tracking performance is simulated. A design on pseudonoise (PN) Code Tracking Loop aided by the carrier tracking loop according to the carrier frequency hoping pattern is proposed in this paper. This scheme can be applied in the Telemetry, Tracking, and Commanding system which uses Direct Sequence/Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (DS/FH) hybrid spread spectrum technology. Simulations of the code tracking loop under different carrier to noise ratios are compared based on this scheme. The results show this method on PN code tracking of DS/FH signals is valid.
Matrix Metalloproteinases in Coronary Artery Disease:Clinical and Therapeutic Implications and Pathological Significance (2005)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their inhibitors (TIMP) are central factors in the control of extracellular matrix turnover. They are important in normal physiology and also during a range of pathological states. Only recently has their role in cardiovascular disease been explored and their analysis through measurements in blood been studied. We have systematically identified clinical articles relevant to coronary artery disease from the last 10 years using MEDLINE. In this review we outline the structure, function and regulation of metalloproteinases and their key roles in angiogenesis, stable and unstable coronary artery disease. Metalloproteinases and their inhibitors are fundamental mediators of change in aging and atherosclerosis, the cell membrane, and in myocardial and vascular tissue. Defining their overall importance and understanding their complex interrelationships with pressure, thrombosis and local neural and hormonal tone will require detailed clinical study. The modulation of MMP and TIMP activity using drugs that affect the expression and function of these proteins will provide us with new ways to treat these serious and disabling diseases, and we explore potential mechanisms and treatments.
Inductive methods of teaching programming languages (1973)

In this cult, computer programming is one of the most modern needs in every academic discipline. Students majoring in various subjects are inclined spontaneously to take at least the first course of computer programming with an expectation that they will be capable of writing programs in their special fields of interest. What they mostly learn is the structure of the language and the basic rules and regulations governing its use. Possibly they write few programs, usually similar to those discussed in the classroom. The students' expectations were not fulfilled and their enthusiasm in programming fades.
Experimental Investigation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Microchannels (2004)

Due to the high performance of electronic components, the heat generation is increasing dramatically. Heat dissipation becomes a significant issue in efficiency promotion and stable operation. Silicon based microchannel heat sink fabricated using semiconductor production technique plays an important role in cooling devices. Experimental tests and theoretical analyses were conducted to investigate the characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer in microchannel heat sink in this paper, especially in the mechanism of bubble nucleation. Methanol was used as the working fluid and flowed through microchannels with different hydraulic diameters ranging from 57−267 μm in the experiments. Experimental results of flow characteristics indicated that the flow behavior was in the laminar regime when Re = 50−850, the phenomena of early transition didn't exist. The phenomenon shows that the surface roughness, viscosity, and channel geometry have great effects on flow characteristics in microchannels. Experimental results in heat transfer indicted that forced convection in microchannel heat sink exhibited excellent cooling performance, especially in the phase change regime. It will be applied as heat removal and temperature control devices in high power electronic components. When the critical nucleate heat flux condition appeared, flow mechanism changed into fully developed nucleate boiling and accompanied with wall temperature decreased rapidly and pressure drop increased sharply. Experimental results also indicated that the critical bubble size of methanol was between 57−83 μm.
Importance of the upper state position in the performance of quantum well intersubband infrared detectors (1991)

We present the results of a systematic study of the dependence of intersubband infrared detector performance on the subband energies. By using samples cut from different positions on a single wafer grown with a known thickness variation it is possible to obtain a set of devices for which the well width varies in a controlled manner, but the barrier height remains fixed. Current versus voltage and responsivity measurements demonstrate the importance of the detector performance on the exact location of the upper state: optimum peak response is obtained when the subband is resonant with the top of barrier.
Bodyflow as a Rehabilitation Strategy in the Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (2021)

<i>Background</i>: Complex regional pain syndrome is a progressive painful chronic neuropathy with autonomic nervous system dysfunction, bone demineralization, and muscle weakness; whose appearance is associated with a traumatic event such as fracture, surgery or cardiovascular event, among others, which usually affects one or more extremities. Its treatment constitutes a great challenge for science, currently settling in physiotherapy the greatest expectations for the future for rehabilitation. Bodyflow is a low frequency electro stimulator that can be applied to reduce edema, stimulate circulation and lymphatic drainage. The method seeks to contract the tunica media of the arteries and veins, as a facilitating means for the transport of lymph and blood. Stimulation is applied to the muscle, using suction cups and electrodes located in different body segments. <i>Objective</i>: To present a review on Bodyflow as an effective rehabilitation strategy in the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome. <i>Methods</i>: To achieve this purpose, electronic and library searches of national and foreign medical journals indexed in Scielo, Imbiomed and Pubmed were carried out over a 10-year horizon. <i>Conclusions</i>: There are few studies that suggest the use of bodyflow therapy as an alternative for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome and this article suggests its use due to its analgesic and motor effects.
An improved and efficient message passing interface for secure communication on distributed clusters (2013)

The main aim of this project is to provide secure communication among distributed clusters via Message Passing Interface (MPI). When a number of clusters associated to each other are increased then, it becomes a threat to security applications running on the clusters. To handle this security trouble, a MPI is built-up to protect the properties of security in an untrusted network. In the existing system, to generate the symmetric shared key, the participant provide only 1 byte size of random number so there is a chance to find out the key by the intruder. Furthermore, here only text message is passed between the clients. The proposed system is Enhanced Security for Message Passing Interface Chameleon version 2 (ES-MPICH2) in which it maintains the size of random number as 4 bytes, thus it is impossible to find out the key by the unauthorized person. This protocol is extended with features, such as secure file transfer utility and rekeying process. As well it supports to encrypt and decrypt the file upload by the user. We use secure algorithms like interpolation polynomial, AES and SHA-1 for key management, encryption/decryption and providing integrity service. After that those algorithms are integrated into Message Passing Interface Chameleon version 2 (MPICH2) that becomes ES-MPICH2. It supports a large collection of calculation and conversation area. The proposed work is based on both mathematics and cryptography concept that direct to error free message passing among the authorized users with enhanced security.
Comparison of two adaptive procedures for fitting a multi-channel compression hearing aid (2005)

We compared two adaptive procedures for fitting a multi-channel compression hearing aid. "Camadapt" uses judgements of the loudness of speech stimuli and the tonal quality of music stimuli. "Eartuner" uses judgements of the loudness and clarity of speech stimuli with differing spectral characteristics. Sixteen new users of hearing aids were fitted unilaterally, using each procedure. The fittings were assigned to Programs 1 and 2 in the aid, in a counter-balanced order. Subjects kept a diary of their experiences with each program in everyday life. Following 2-4 weeks of experience, they filled in the APHAB and other questionnaires and were re-fitted using both procedures. Camadapt generally led to higher low-level gains and lower high-level gains than Eartuner. Gains recommended by the procedures did not change following experience. Eight subjects preferred the Camadapt fitting and eight preferred the Eartuner fitting. Most subjects gave high overall satisfaction ratings for both procedures. Test-retest reliability was better for Eartuner than for Camadapt. Preference for the Camadapt fitting was associated with slightly better speech communication with Camadapt, while preference for the Eartuner fitting was associated with fewer problems with aversion for that procedure.
Peptides (2000)

Abstract Peptide antibiotics are classified according to their overall shape, which can be linear or cyclic, and by the nature of the bonds joining the constituent amino acids and other carboxylic acids, which can be all amide bonds or amide plus ester bonds. Most peptide antibiotics are cyclic peptides that do not contain disulfide linkages. Peptide antibiotics differ in many respects from proteins. The vast majority of peptide antibiotics have molecular weights in the 500–1500 range, whereas the average protein has a mol wt of 40,000. Many peptide antibiotics have unusual fatty acids and amino acids, such as D ‐amino acids, N ‐methyl amino acids, or imino acids, and they usually lack methionine and histidine. Ring closure in cyclic peptide antibiotics is by amide or ester bonds. Peptide antibiotics are normally resistant to the usual proteases and peptidases. They are usually synthesized on multienzyme complexes much as are fatty acids, and not on ribosomes as are proteins. Most peptide antibiotics are synthesized as groups of closely related structures. Even the small fraction of peptide antibiotics that have therapeutic usefulness are quite toxic. The ratio of the minimum toxic dose to the maximum effective dose is smaller than for most nonpeptide antibiotics. Peptide antibiotics are not often the drugs of first choice for systemic therapy of important human disease. However, the World Health Organization, which chooses drugs especially for Third World use based on efficacy, safety, quality, price, and availability, includes such peptide antibiotics as bleomycin, dactinomycin, and bacitracin, plus several β‐lactams. The complex structure of peptide antibiotics adds considerably to the problems of synthesis, but more recent efforts toward improved peptide antibiotics are encouraging.
Pediatric rhabdoid tumors of kidney and brain show many differences in gene expression but share dysregulation of cell cycle and epigenetic effector genes (2013)

The low overlap of dysregulated genes in AT/RTs and KRTs suggests that factors in addition to SMARCB1 loss play a role in determining subsequent gene expression. Drugs which target cell cycle or epigenetic genes may be useful in all RTs. Additionally, targeted therapies tailored to specific RT subset molecular profiles should be considered.
Millimeter-wave systems and applications in Europe (2003)

The author concentrates on representative work and applications that have already been realized or will so on go into production. Highlighted is work on solid-state sources, hybrid integrated receivers, communications and military applications including radar, and remote sensing and reconnaisance at millimeter wavelengths.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optimal position and velocity navigation filters with discrete-time delayed measurements (2008)

This paper presents the design and performance evaluation of a continuous-time Kalman filter with discrete-time delayed measurements for a class of time-varying kinematic systems with application to the estimation of linear motion quantities, in three dimensions, of mobile platforms. The design is based on the Kalman filter solution for an equivalent linear time invariant realization and allows for the natural use of frequency weights to explicitly achieve adequate disturbance rejection and measurement noise attenuation on the state estimates. Moreover, the proposed solution is optimal with respect to all signals assuming exact angular measurements. Two applications in the field of ocean robotics are presented and simulation results are included that illustrate the achievable performance in the presence of both extreme environmental disturbances and realistic measurements, with noise and delays.
Separation of periodic signals by using an algebraic method (1991)

An algebraic method is introduced for separation of periodic signals. The new method is conceptually simple, very efficient, and different from the traditional filtering techniques. A good feature of the method is that it requires only a short analysis frame and very low computational cost. The method was validated in the noisy case using examples.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A hierarchical framework for manufacturing systems scheduling: A two-machine example (1987)

A hierarchical framework for understanding manufacturing systems is described. It provides guidance for the development of algorithms for real-time decision-making in a manufacturing enterprise in which such disruptive events as machine failures, material absences, expedited items, engineering changes, fluctuations of demand, and setups play a role. The hierarchy is divided into a set of levels that correspond to events that occur at very different frequencies. At each level, decisions are made in a way that satisfies the capacity constraints that are appropriate to that level and that meets objectives determined at higher levels. These decisions are either actions, such as the loading of a part or the initiation of a setup, or objectives to be issued to lower levels. The application of the scheduling hierarchy to a simple, two-machine manufacturing system is presented. The goal is to meet a specified production plan as closely as possible. The scheduler must compensate for random failures, and must choose times to initiate set-ups and load parts. Simulation results are presented.
Data processing in nanoscale profilometry (1995)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1995.
Design and installation of a commercial fibre composite pontoon (2012)

Commercial pontoons have traditionally been manufactured from steel, reinforced concrete or aluminium. The use of these materials in the highly corrosive marine environment has resulted in design life predictions from fifteen to twenty-five years. Some designers and manufactures have opted to use stainless steel which is expensive and prone to theft. Fibre composite pontoons are a viable option for the construction of floating structures. Indeed a small number of fibre composite pontoons can be found - predominantly in the recreational market. Fibre composite construction has the potential of providing floating structures with corrosion resistance and longevity. Wagners CFT have designed and built a commercial fibre composite pontoon system which was developed for Fantasea cruses situated at the new Port of Airlie in Queensland. The new system was designed to be a combined floatation and structural system which incorporates fibre composite floats, structure, decking and bolts. In order to verify the design a prototype was manufactured and tested. Results on flotation, stability and fatigue resistance were then used to design the commercial pontoon. The resultant design achieves the functional requirements of the client with a structure which should be less prone to corrosion than the alternate materials.
Model-based fault Diagnosis for IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs (2009)

The increasingly deployed IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs (WLANs) challenge traditional network management systems because of the shared open medium and the varying channel conditions. There needs to be an automated tool that can help diagnosing both malicious security faults and benign performance faults
The Evolution of Social Institutions: Interdisciplinary Perspectives. DMITRI M. BONDARENKO, STEPHEN A. KOWALEWSKI, and DAVID B. SMALL, editors. 2020. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. xvii + 661 pp. $159.99 (hardcover), ISBN 978-3-030-51436-5. $119.00 (e-book), ISBN 978-3-030-51437-2. (2021)

The Evolution of Social Institutions: Interdisciplinary Perspectives. DMITRI M. BONDARENKO, STEPHEN A. KOWALEWSKI, and DAVID B. SMALL, editors. 2020. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. xvii + 661 pp. 119.00 (e-book), ISBN 978-3-030-51437-2. - Volume 87 Issue 1