gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new bayonet spring microsurgical instrument handle with a bar for microneurosurgery (2012)

This handle would provide a steady and balanced grip to ensure precise manipulation of the functional tips of the bayonet instrument for microneurosurgery. It may be useful particularly for the beginners or for the non-dominant hand of microsurgeons.
Short-term Load Forecasting Using Improved Similar Days Method (2010)

Short-term load forecasting is the basis for the safe operation of power systems. The accuracy of forecasting will have a direct impact on the load distribution of the entire power grid. There are many factors affecting the load, while the method based on similar historical days' data can fully consider these factors. It forecasts load by selecting similar historical days' data and then obtaining a weighted average from them. However, in previous studies, the weights of similar days selected are not obvious, which cannot reflect the importance of the most similar days, and results in a big forecasting error. In this paper, the weight of the most similar days is increased so as to embody the influence of the most similar days on the forecasting load,and then weighted average of the selected similar days is used to predict the load of 96 periods. At the same time, it makes an analysis on how to select similar days and situations without similar days. Moreover, it forecasts the load of a certain week of June in Hainan, and the forecasting results are more desirable than previous methods.
Simple and Efficient Rout for Synthesis of Spinel Nanopigments (2013)

Nano‐sized Co x Mg 1− x Al 2 O 4 ( x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1) inorganic pigments were synthesized via combustion method using β ‐alanine, as a single and novel fuel, at 800°C in open furnace. The obtained powders were characterized by means of X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) elemental analysis, diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS), CIE L * a * b * color measurements, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). XRD patterns show that all calcined powders have single phase cubic spinel structure. EDX analysis revealed the composition of desired spinels. The diffuse reflectance spectra of the Co x Mg 1− x Al 2 O 4 ( x > 0) pigments confirmed the presence of tetrahedrally coordinated Co 2+ ions in the spinel lattice. The colorimetric data pointed out the formation of blue pigments (for x > 0), corresponding to highly negative values of b *, and the bluest color was produced for x = 0.8 and 1. SEM images showed nanoparticles with less than 30 nm crystallite size and flakes‐like appearance of all synthesized powders.
Gilsonite leads fight against lost circulation (1989)

A solid hydrocarbon called Gilsonite is widely and effectively used to prevent or cure loss of slurry circulation while cementing oil and gas wells. The low specific gravity (1.05) and sealing characteristics of this material give it the qualities that make it effective against loss of slurry to permeable zones, natural and induced fractures, and caverns. Since Gilsonite was first used for these purposes in 19576, over 200,000 wells have been cemented with Gilsonite slurries. More than one-half billion sacks of the product have been used to mix lost circulation-preventing slurries to bridge thief zones that were accepting cement slurries and preventing achievement of the desired full sheath of cement around the casing.
Entrez Gene: gene-centered information at NCBI (2010)

Entrez Gene (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene) is National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)'s database for gene-specific information. Entrez Gene maintains records from genomes which have been completely sequenced, which have an active research community to submit gene-specific information, or which are scheduled for intense sequence analysis. The content represents the integration of curation and automated processing from NCBI's Reference Sequence project (RefSeq), collaborating model organism databases, consortia such as Gene Ontology and other databases within NCBI. Records in Entrez Gene are assigned unique, stable and tracked integers as identifiers. The content (nomenclature, genomic location, gene products and their attributes, markers, phenotypes and links to citations, sequences, variation details, maps, expression, homologs, protein domains and external databases) is available via interactive browsing through NCBI's Entrez system, via NCBI's Entrez programming utilities (E-Utilities) and for bulk transfer by FTP.
Exhaustive methylation by trimethylaluminium (1972)

A. Meisters and T. Mole, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1972, 595 DOI: 10.1039/C39720000595
Internet emulation for Java applications through socket factories (2003)

Network emulation provides the capability of evaluating distributed applications on a stand-alone system. Applications can be exposed to adverse and repeatable network conditions without requiring complex testbeds. This paper describes the design and implementation of a portable and object-oriented network emulator targeted to the development and test of Java-based Internet applications. The emulator is based on instrumented sockets, say EmuSockets, able to emulate the behavior of links with a given bandwidth and communication delay. The emulator is organized modularly, so that it is possible to plug-in user-defined classes for bandwidth and delay figures generation. Carrying out experiments with EmuSockets is as simple as running the tested application code on a single host.
Deep-learning based, automated segmentation of macular edema in optical coherence tomography (2017)

Evaluation of clinical images is essential for diagnosis in many specialties. Therefore the development of computer vision algorithms to help analyze biomedical images will be important. In ophthalmology, optical coherence tomography (OCT) is critical for managing retinal conditions. We developed a convolutional neural network (CNN) that detects intraretinal fluid (IRF) on OCT in a manner indistinguishable from clinicians. Using 1,289 OCT images, the CNN segmented images with a 0.911 cross-validated Dice coefficient, compared with segmentations by experts. Additionally, the agreement between experts and between experts and CNN were similar. Our results reveal that CNN can be trained to perform automated segmentations of clinically relevant image features.
Towards a GraphQL Proxy for Apache Kafka (2020)

Apache Kafka is a open-source stream-processing framework which is quickly becoming\nan industry standard for event-driven applications. Kafka is written in Scala and, thus,\ngeneral purpose JVM (java virtual machine) programming languages can be used to write\nnative applications that interact with a Kafka cluster using the Kafka protocol. However,\nthe need to generalize the interaction to other languages, e.g. python, has pushed Kafka\ndevelopers to abstract the Kafka protocol using the REST API. The REST proxy is a\ncomponent of the Kafka suite that enables the use of a RESTful (representational state\ntransfer) API (application programming interface) to communicate with a Kafka cluster,\nand thus allowing to control Kafka using HTTP.\nGraphQL is a data query and manipulation language for APIs, and a runtime for\nfulfilling queries with existing data [1]. Recently GraphQL has been gaining traction.\nGraphQL enables developers to define which data will be returned by a request, moreover\nGraphQL allows to interact with this data type through a full-fledged query language.\nIn this thesis we propose the GraphQL proxy, which enables communication with a\nKafka cluster using GraphQL.\nIn estonian: Apache Kafka on avatud lähtekoodiga voogtöötluse raamistik, millest on saamas tööstusstandard\nsüdmustepõhiste rakenduste arendamisel. Kafka on kirjutatud Scalas ning\nseega saab kasutada üldotstarbelisi JVM (java virtuaalmasin) programmeerimiskeeli, et\nkirjutada rakendusi, mis töötavad Kafka protokolliga. Sellegipoolest, on vajadus Kafka\nlaiendamiseks teistesse keeltesse, näiteks pyhon, pannud Kafka arendajad välja töötama\nKafka jaoks REST (representational state transfer) API (application programming interface).\nREST proxy on Kafka komponent, mis lubab kasutada RESTful APIt, et suhelda\nKafka klastriga ning seega lubab kasutada Kafkat üle HTTP.\nHiljuti on populaarsust kogunud veebiliides GraphQL. GraphQL on avatud lähtekoodiga\nandmepäringu keel, mis lubab arendajatel rangelt defineerida päringule vastu saadetavad\nandmed. Kuna Avro skeemid on väga sarnased GraphQLi skeemidele, siis võib\nGraphQL olla parem viist Kafka klastriga suhtlemiseks kui REST.
Identification of Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐Activated Neutral Protease in the Peripheral Nerve and Its Effects on Neurofilament Degeneration (1983)

Rat sciatic nerve segments were incubated in five different media. Disappearance of neurofilament (NF) triplet proteins (200K, 160K, and 68K MW) occurred in medium containing Ca2+ and was inhibited by the addition of E-64-c or leupeptin. Therefore, the presence in the peripheral nerve of an enzyme whose properties are similar to those of Ca2+-activated neutral protease (CANP) is suggested. The extraction of crude CANP from rat sciatic nerve was performed. CANP activity was completely recovered (0.129 +/- 0.008 U/g) in the precipitate salted out by the addition of 0 to 50% saturated ammonium sulfate to the soluble fraction of the peripheral nerve (crude CANP). Properties of the crude CANP were examined using NF as a substrate and were found to be similar to those of the CANP extracted from skeletal muscle. Identification of the crude CANP with the CANP extracted from rat skeletal muscle was performed using the immunoreplica method. Bands corresponding to 73K were detected in both CANPs.
Dengue and US Military Operations from Spanish–American War through Today (2012)

Dengue is a major cause of illness among travelers and a threat to military troops operating in areas to which it is endemic. Before and during World War II, dengue frequently occurred in US military personnel in Asia and the South Pacific. From the 1960s into the 1990s, dengue often occurred in US troops in Vietnam, the Philippines, Somalia, and Haiti. We found attack rates as high as 80% and periods of convalescence up to 3-1/2 weeks beyond the acute illness. The increase in dengue throughout the world suggests that it will remain a problem for military personnel until an effective vaccine is licensed.
Caval interruption methods: comparison of options. (1996)

The Stainless Steel and Titanium Greenfield filters, the Venatech filter, and the Bird's nest filter are most commonly used in the United States. A comparison of contemporary experience with these filters along with that of Simon-Nitinol filter is shown in Table 1. The published experience with each device is minimal compared with actual clinical use. The published reports available do not often examine experience with a view toward unbiased and accurate comparison of results. Each filter has an acceptably low rate of recurrent PE, but each has experienced the range of complications associated with vena caval filters or partitions. The reviewed case series are too small and the complication rates too similar for any of the newer designs to claim unequivocal superiority. Except for the Stainless Steel Greenfield filter, comparison is further complicated by the lack of standardized, quantitative follow-up of patients over a period long enough for possible extremity venous complications to be observed. Each of the currently available filters has at least one specific attribute that may recommend it for a particular situation. Detailed and comparable examination of IVC filtration is becoming more important as the indication for and use of these devices increase. Clearly, the search for the perfect device to prevent PE should continue.90 Any filtration device plays only a small role in the overall management of the patient with thromboembolic disease. It is incumbent upon the physician who treats this patient to assume the responsibility for the diagnosis of and long-term follow-up of the underlying disorder. Considerable technical ingenuity and continued evolution of materials and design have propelled the development and number of available vena cava filters for clinical use. Without objective clinical data, many interventional radiologists and surgeons base their filter selection on ease of insertion and device cost. Variable data on safety and effectiveness demand that physicians match the best filter to each patient's particular situation and anatomy. The primary objective of vena cava filtration is to provide a safe and effective device for permanent implantation. If this objective is not kept in sight, quality of care in the management of deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolus will be lost.
Internet privacy (1999)

article Free Access Share on Internet privacy Author: Lorrie Faith Cranor View Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 42Issue 2Feb. 1999pp 28–38https://doi.org/10.1145/293411.293440Published:01 February 1999Publication History 117citation9,922DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations117Total Downloads9,922Last 12 Months1,044Last 6 weeks89 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF
Forensic Accounting: A Checkmate for Corporate Fraud (2016)

Forensic accounting gained importance due to increasing number of financial frauds and scams. This new area in accounting encompasses accounting, auditing, and investigative skills, thus emerged to detect frauds. They involve themselves in different areas like employee-related frauds, settlement and arbitrations, etc.. A forensic accountant has a financial sixth sense. Despite the fact that forensic accounting can bridge the gap between conventional accounting and auditing, this profession has not been able to gain the needed momentum due to some hassles. This paper tries to shed light on the theoretical concept, nature, practice, need, role of forensic accounting in preventing fraud, and the practical difficulties faced by forensic accountants. The study is based on information collected from interviewing practicing forensic accounting in India during 2011-12. The paper was able to assess the importance and rising scope of forensic accounting as a job. It also understood the practical difficulties they faced like lack of organized databases in Indian scenario which makes it difficult to access all needed information. Expectation level of the clients is very high and at times even unreasonable. This paper fulfills an identified need to study the important rising field of forensic accounting in India.
Addition of destabilizing poly(A)-rich sequences to endonuclease cleavage sites during the degradation of chloroplast mRNA (1996)

In this work, we report the posttranscriptional addition of poly(A)-rich sequences to mRNA in chloroplasts of higher plants. Several sites in the coding region and the mature end of spinach chloroplast psbA mRNA, which encodes the D1 protein of photosystem II, are detected as polyadenylylated sites. In eukaryotic cells, the addition of multiple adenosine residues to the 3' end of nuclear RNA plays a key role in generating functional mRNAs and in regulating mRNA degradation. In bacteria, the adenylation of several RNAs greatly accelerates their decay. The poly(A) moiety in the chloroplast, in contrast to that in eukaryotic nuclear encoded and bacterial RNAs, is not a ribohomopolymer of adenosine residues, but clusters of adenosines bounded mostly by guanosines and rarely by cytidines and uridines; it may be as long as several hundred nucleotides. Further analysis of the initial steps of chloroplast psbA mRNA decay revealed specific endonuclease cleavage sites that perfectly matched the sites where poly(A)-rich sequences were added. Our results suggest a mechanism for the degradation of psbA mRNA in which endonucleolytic cleavages are followed by the addition of poly(A)-rich sequences to the upstream cleavage products, which target these RNAs for rapid decay.
Indoor Network MIMO Performance with Regularized Zero-Forcing Transmission (2008)

Network MIMO uses the coherent coordination of the transmitted signals from a cluster of bases to greatly reduce other-cell interference and improve spectral efficiency. Zero-forcing transmission is a simple and readily implemented form of Network MIMO that can give good performance gains over conventional systems. In this paper, we consider regularized ZF as a simple modification and explore the potential benefits for an indoor wireless system comprising 8 access points. The ZF solution is scaled to obey either sum-power or per-antenna power constraints. In the context of this simplified evaluation we find that regularization gives no gain in indoor systems, but the results hint that gain may be achieved in outdoor systems.
• RESIDUATED ALMOST DISTRIBUTIVE LATTICES - II (2017)

I n this paper, we introduce the concepts of residuation and multiplication in an Almost Distributive Lattice (ADL) L and define a Residuated ADL. We prove important relations between residuation and multiplication in an ADL L.
Effects of Double Exchange in Magnetic Crystals (1960)

This paper discusses some effects of mobile electrons in some antiferromagnetic lattices. It is shown that these electrons (or holes) always give rise to a distortion of the ground state spin arrangement, since electron transfer lowers the energy by a term of first order in the distortion angles. In the most typical cases this results in: (a) a nonzero spontaneous moment in low fields; (b) a lack of saturation in high fields; (c) simultaneous occurrence of "ferromagnetic" and "antiferromagnetic" lines in neutron diffraction patterns; (d) both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic branches in the spin wave spectra. Some of these properties have indeed been observed in compounds of mixed valency such as the manganites with low ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{4+}$ content. Similar considerations apply at finite temperatures, at least for the (most widespread) case where only the bottom of the carrier band is occupied at all temperatures of interest. The free energy is computed by a variational procedure, using simple carrier wave functions and an extension of the molecular field approximation. It is found that the canted arrangements are stable up to a well-defined temperature ${T}_{1}$. Above ${T}_{1}$ the system is either antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic, depending upon the relative amount of mobile electrons. This behavior is not qualitatively modified when the carriers which are responsible for double exchange fall into bound states around impurity ions of opposite charge. Such bound states, however, will give rise to local inhomogeneities in the spin distortion, and to diffuse magnetic peaks in the neutron diffraction pattern. The possibility of observing these peaks and of eliminating the spurious spin-wave scattering is discussed in an Appendix.
The production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to myc, c-erbB-2 and EFG-receptor using a synthetic peptide approach. (1990)

Monoclonal antibodies to myc, c-erbB-2 and epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGF-R) were raised using a synthetic peptide approach. The antibodies were characterised by ELISA, immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation and immunocytochemical procedures against cognate peptide and native proteins. All of the monoclonal antibodies detected peptide-blockable bands of appropriate molecular weight (myc-p62/66 kDa, c-erbB-2-185kDa; EGF-R-150/170 kDa) on immunoblots. The monoclonal antibodies to c-erbB-2 and EGF-R immunostained subpopulations of tumour cells on sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin wax embedded human infiltrating and invasive ductal carcinomas of breast. Intense blood cell staining was observed with the EGF-R antibody. This staining was shown to be peptide blockable and may reveal a true localisation for the EGF-receptor protein, a closely-related (erbB) protein or a degradation product. The monoclonal antibody to a common peptide from the myc protein family was epitope scanned using a modification of the Geysen pin technique. Hexapeptide sequence Ala-Pro-Ser-Glu-Asp-Ile was found to be bound most strongly by the myc monoclonal antibody, and amino acids Pro2 and Glu4 were found to be essential for antibody binding. The use of synthetic peptides for the production of monoclonal antibodies with predetermined specificity, which may be precisely identified using the epitope scanning technique, is discussed.
Constant Voltage Trimming of Heavily Doped Polysilicon Resistors (1995)

Constant voltage trimming (CVT) characteristics of heavily doped polysilicon resistors are analyzed using the melting-segregation model which has already been proposed to explain the mechanism of constant current trimming (CCT). The stability of CVT is found to be ensured by the exsistence of grain resistance in polysilicon which plays no role in CCT. The theoretical expression for CVT characteristics derived from the melting-segregation model, modified by the temperature dependence of grain resistance, agrees well with experimental data.
DSM Based Approach for Managing Requirements, Rules andDesign Parameters in Knowledge Based Design Process (2010)

The development of Knowledge Based Systems for Engineering Design requires the capture, reuse and tracking of various kinds of design knowledge throughout the entire design process. Software engineering and Knowledge engineering principles have been used in the development of knowledge based systems (Bravo et al, 1999). These techniques are primarily applied in capturing and reusing the engineering knowledge. This paper proposes applying Design Structure Matrix (DSM) as a complementary methodology for not only capture and reuse, but also in analysing the impact of design changes and for managing the requirements and design rules. Lattix DSM tool has been used for tracking and managing various types of design knowledge during the entire lifecycle of the design process. This methodology works in conjunction with existing software engineering and knowledge engineering techniques and is applied to Aerospace design process. 1 KNOWLEDGE BASED DESIGN PROCESS Aircraft Design process involves large amount of data and information (Wood and Bauer, 1998). Knowledge Based Design process captures the knowledge required at different stages of design. Typical design knowledge in a Knowledge Based Design Process includes requirements,
A Rat Pain Model of Vincristine-Induced Neuropathy (2004)

In this post-genomic era, emphasis has shifted from identifying genes to understanding the physiological functions of gene products and their implications in human diseases. The use of transgenic mice is one of the key approaches in elucidating gene function and regulation. Transgenic mice have wide applications in biomedical research. These include (1) gain-of-function studies by overexpressing a protein in a tissue-specific manner; (2) loss-of-function studies by overexpressing a dominant-negative construct; (3) mapping functional domains by expressing various mutated constructs in a null (knockout mice) background; (4) mapping regulatory elements using a reporter gene; and (5) labeling subsets of cells with fluorescent proteins for live in vivo imaging of cell structure and function. In this chapter, we provide overviews as well as detailed protocols for each step involved in the generation of transgenic mice, including the selection of regulatory elements, purification of DNA, obtaining fertilized eggs, pronuclear injection, and genotyping of transgenic mice.