gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cellular laminin-binding protein and Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus replication in Vero, 293 and 9S2 cells (2007)

The level of laminin-binding protein (LBP) expression on cellular membranes was studied in three cell lines including 293 cells transformed by plasmide with human LBP gene. Vero cells show a high level of LBP on the cell surfaces and demonstrate a high level of the Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus replication. The inhibition of VEE virus replication was more than 200 times as much after treatment of Vero cell surfaces with monoclonal antibodies to human LBP. 293 cells have more low level of LBP on their surfaces but being transformed by plasmide with LBP human gene these cells showed an increase in the level of cellular LBP. The VEE virus replication in transformed cells (9S2) was more than 2000 times higher compared to 293 cells. The results obtained demonstrate a principal role of cellular LBP in VEE virus entry into mammalian cells. It can be proposed that LBP is a key cellular protein at the early stage of VEE virus replication in cells. So, LBP might be a target protein for development of some new generation of antiviral drugs that would be able to inhibit (enhance) the alphavirus replication in human cells.
A New Mechanistic and Engineering Fission Gas Release Model for a Uranium Dioxide Fuel (2008)

A mechanistic and engineering fission gas release model (MEGA) for uranium dioxide (UO2) fuel was developed. It was based upon the diffusional release of fission gases from inside the grain to the grain boundary and the release of fission gases from the grain boundary to the external surface by the interconnection of the fission gas bubbles in the grain boundary. The capability of the MEGA model was validated by a comparison with the fission gas release data base and the sensitivity analyses of the parameters. It was found that the MEGA model correctly predicts the fission gas release in the broad range of fuel burnups up to 98MWd/kgU. Especially, the enhancement of fission gas release in a high-burnup fuel, and the reduction of fission gas release at a high burnup by increasing the UO2 grain size were found to be correctly predicted by the MEGA model without using any artificial factor.
Optimization and field-testing of synthetic sex attractants for two psyllid pests of pears (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) (2011)

OBJECTIVES OVERVIEW Improve field activity of pheromone Evaluation of the seasonality of psylla reproduction Evaluate the seasonality of female attractiveness (pheromone production) Evaluate seasonality of male response to synthetic pheromone components Develop practical use for pheromone Test psylla trapping by synthetic pheromone impregnated in rubber septa (provided by J. Millar, cooperator in USA). Test a sprayable formulation of pheromone developed by D. Horton (USA cooperator) SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS No consistent seasonality in female attractiveness was observed. Female attractiveness was observed in winter forms in the end December and in May-June in summer forms. C. bidenshas a very distinct but short period of low mating rate, that is associated with low ovarian development. This short period of low ovarian development and low mating rate cannot be considered as a reproductive diapause. Ovarian development is inhibited by short day photoperiod especially in presence of low temperatures. Male attraction to individual synthetic putative pheromone components is not strong and fluctuates seasonally. While 7MeC27was attractive to males of the winter form, it was not attractive to the summer forms in the beginning of the summer. These data are in accordance with differences in cuticular profiles of winter and summer attractive females vs non attractive ones. Cuticular profile of females shows significant seasonality and difference according to their attractiveness to males especially in summer time. Differences between attractive and non-attractive females is based on several compounds . Female attraciveness in summer and winter is apparently based on a different combination of chemical cues, but 7meC27 is one of the common components to both mixtures. These two last findings are likely to be the main reason for our failure to have consistent success in trapping C. bidensin the field. It seems that a sprayable formulation of pheromone on the pear is better way of pheromone application to attract psyllid then the impregnated rubber septa, but additional trials are needed.
Smart Materials (2005)

Abstract In this article, we give the reader a brief introduction to a selected number of smart materials and structures. These materials include semiconductors and related structures, superconductors, piezoelectric materials, and shape memory materials. These materials are discussed in terms of their electrical, mechanical, optical, and chemical properties and possible engineering applications in the fields of nanoelectronics, nano/microelectromechanical systems, optoelectronics, and communication.
Monolayers of Chiral Imidazole Amphiphiles: Domain Formation and Metal Complexation (1994)

The monolayer characteristics of achiral and chiral imidazole amphiphiles on the air-water interface have been studied by measuring the surface pressure/surface area (II/A) isotherms and by epifluorescence microscopy.Both types of amphiphiles form stable monolayers at the air-water interface with a welldefined liquid-expanded (LE) to liquid-condensed (LC) phase transition.The enantiomerically pure imidazole amphiphiles display the same 11/A isotherms within experimental error.The addition of small concentrations (10-6-10~* M) of transition metal ions (Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), and Cu(II)) causes a change in the isotherms, which suggests that these ions bind to the imidazole ligand functions.Epifluoroescence microscopy experiments on monolayers of the imidazole amphiphiles on pure water reveal that Bolid domains are formed when the monolayers are compressed into the LE to LC phase transition region.These domains have dendritic or fractal shapes.Interestingly, in the case of the chiral imidazole amphiphiles the solid domains have a chiral appearance: they turn clockwise or counterclockwise depending on the configuration of the chiral center in the amphiphile.The formation of solid domains is also observed when the chiral imidazole amphiphiles are spread on a subphase containing zinc(II) ions.These domains, however, have no chiral appearance.
Intracarotid Infusion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in an Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease, Focusing on Cell Distribution and Neuroprotective and Behavioral Effects (2015)

This study demonstrates that mesenchymal stem cells infused through the carotid artery do not efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier in rats with a Parkinson's disease-like degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons, unless a permeabilizing agent (e.g., mannitol) is used. The infusion did not reduce the neuronal damage and associated motor impairment, but abolished the motor abnormalities these animals typically show when challenged with a dopaminergic agonist. Therefore, although arterially infused mesenchymal stem cells did not show neurorestorative effects in this study's Parkinson's disease model, they appeared to normalize the pathological responsiveness of striatal neurons to dopaminergic stimulation. This capability should be further explored in future studies.
Robust Flight Path Determination for Mars Precision Landing Using Genetic Algorithms (1997)

This paper documents the application of genetic algorithms (GAs) to the problem of robust flight path determination for Mars precision landing. The robust flight path problem is defined here as the determination of the flight path which delivers a low-lift open-loop controlled vehicle to its desired final landing location while minimizing the effect of perturbations due to uncertainty in the atmospheric model and entry conditions. The genetic algorithm was capable of finding solutions which reduced the landing error from 111 km RMS radial (open-loop optimal) to 43 km RMS radial (optimized with respect to perturbations) using 200 hours of computation on an Ultra-SPARC workstation. Further reduction in the landing error is possible by going to closed-loop control which can utilize the GA optimized paths as nominal trajectories for linearization.
Conformation of <i>tripod</i> Metal Templates in CH<sub>3</sub>C(CH<sub>2</sub>PPh<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>ML<sub><i>n</i></sub> (<i>n</i> = 2, 3): Neural Networks in Conformational Analysis (1996)

Abstract The conformational space spanned by tripod metal templates CH 3 C(CH 2 Ph 2 ) 3 M is analysed on the basis of the solid‐state structures of 82 tripod Co templates in compounds tripod CoL 2 and tripod CoL 3 . Systematic analysis, including the techniques of conformational space group scatter graphs, principal‐component analysis, and partial least squares, reveals a series of basic regularities: The torsion of the phenyl groups is strongly linked to the torsional skew of the bicyclooctane‐type framework of the chelate cage. For one sense of this skew there are two classes of low‐energy conformation that differ by the helicity of the phenyl arrangement and by the degree of torsional skew in the chelate backbone. From the scatter graphs it is evident that a change in helicity may occur by one‐ or by two‐ring flip mechanisms. The basic regularities found by the above methods are also evident from the analysis of the same data by a neural network approach. The fact that these regularities are found for tripod CoL 2 and tripod CoL 3 , irrespective of the widely different coligands L and crystal environments, means that the conformation of the tripod metal templates is governed by the forces acting within them and not so much by the forces imposed on them by their individual chemical or crystal environment. It is shown that the classifications, although derived from a data basis only containing Co compounds, are characteristic for tripod metal templates irrespective of the specific metal involved.
Rethinking the Future Grid: Integrated Nuclear Renewable Energy Systems: Preprint (2015)

The U.S. DOE is supporting research and development that could lead to more efficient utilization of clean energy generation sources, including renewable and nuclear options, to meet both grid demand and thermal energy needs in the industrial sector. One concept under consideration by the DOE-NE and DOE-EERE is tighter coupling of nuclear and renewable energy sources in a manner that better optimizes energy use for the combined electricity, industrial manufacturing, and transportation sectors. This integration concept has been referred to as a 'hybrid system' that is capable of apportioning thermal and electrical energy to first meet the grid demand (with appropriate power conversion systems), then utilizing excess thermal and, in some cases, electrical energy to drive a process that results in an additional product.
Strategies for Catalytic Asymmetric Electrophilic α‐Halogenation of Carbonyl Compounds (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enzymatic Activation of C3 by a Complex Derived from a Purified Cobra Venom Factor and a Serum Globulin (1971)

Abstract A cobra venom factor (VF) and a serum factor (SF) form a complex that is able to activate C3. The complex formation has been studied using preparations of purified VF and SF, which on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed one single homogeneous band. The SF and all complement components have been purified from guinea pig serum. VF and SF did not react with each other except when Mg++ was present. Ca++, Zn++, Mn++, Cu++, Fe++ did not lead to complex formation. It could be demonstrated that the amount of formed complex is a function of the concentration of free Mg++ ions. The formation of an active complex is inhibited by EDTA. Reversal of inhibition can be achieved with Mg++. The complex formation is temperature dependent and starts at 37°C without lag phase. Applying the reaction velocity of the C3-turnover as a parameter for the complex formation it is shown that ca. 90% of VF and SF have interacted after 45 min at 37°C.
A novel W-band quasioptical gyro-TWT (2002)

We present the design of a novel, quasioptical gyro-TWT capable of producing 120 kW at 141 GHz- with 28% efficiency, 38 dB saturated gain and a constant drive bandwidth of 3%. The gyro-TWT utilizes an overmoded confocal waveguide with a tremendous potential for high average power operation. The amplifier is currently under construction. Ongoing experiments with an oscillator configuration have produced 81 kW at 136 GHz. A second harmonic oscillator experiment is also investigated.
Identificação e Caracterização de Comportamentos Suspeitos Através da Análise do Tráfego DNS (2014)

O Sistema de Nomes de Domínios (DNS) fornece mecanismos para traduzir os nomes de domínios em endereços IP. Este serviço é usado tanto por usuários legítimos quanto aplicações suspeitas que podem solicitar endereços dos servidores de email antes de enviar spam. Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia que utiliza teoria dos grafos para distinguir padrões entre consultas legítimas e maliciosas no tráfego. As resoluções de nomes são modeladas em um grafo que ilustra o padrão de comunicação entre hosts e como as consultas foram realizadas. Para validação da proposta, o tráfego DNS do domínio .br é investigado. Os resultados mostram uma redução de 35% do total de hosts a serem analisados e a presença de comportamentos suspeitos.
Monofunctionally <i>trans</i> ‐Diammine Platinum( <scp>II</scp> )‐Modified Peptide Nucleic Acid Oligomers: A New Generation of Potential Antisense Drugs (2002)

A solid-phase approach is described that provides facile access to monofunctionally trans-PtII-modified PNA oligomers of arbitrary sequence for potential use both in antigene and antisense strategies. The approach includes the synthesis of a platinated building block 1 and its subsequent incorporation into three different PNA oligomers 5–7 by solid-phase synthesis. In a model cross-linking reaction one of the latter is found to recognize sequence-specifically a target oligonucleotide 8 and to cross-link to it. The resulting structure is the trans-PtII-cross-linked PNA/DNA duplex 9 as revealed by mass spectrometry in combination with a Maxam-Gilbert sequencing experiment.
Lexical and Prosodic Indicators of Importance in Spoken Dialog (2013)

This technical report complements the paper, Patterns of Importance Variation in Spoken Dialog (Ward and Richart-Ruiz, 2013), providing additional evidence for the claims, additional findings, and more analysis. In particular, we report more on inter-annotator disagreement, on words that correlate with importance, on prosodic features and patterns that correlate with importance, and on how our predictive model of importance might be improved.
Nutritional Marine Life (2014)

The nutritional benefits of marine flora and fauna are well known. Fish and crustaceans provide high-quality sources of amino acids-nutritionallyimportant proteins found in only small amounts in cereals and grains. Nutrients and minerals in seafood can improve brain development and reproduction and there are strong links between fish and heart heal
Encoder design for H.264/AVC based on contrast sensitivity considering spatio-temporal direction dependency (2008)

It is really important to use the proper coding mode in the H.264 encoder, since it offers many more modes than the conventional methods such as MPEG-2. Typical H.264 encoders like JM and JSVM use squared error as the criterion of distortion for mode decision. However, squared error does not always provide a correct measure of the distortion from the viewpoint of subjective quality. In this paper, we investigate a mode decision algorithm based on the spatio-temporal contrast sensitivity model in order to improve the H.264 encoder. Our algorithm is designed considering the direction dependency of spatio-temporal frequency. Experiments show that our method can achieve average bit-rate savings of the order of 4.0 to 5.5% compared to the original JSVM. We confirm that both methods yield reconstructed images that basically have the same subjective image quality.
Exercise and neuroplasticity in persons living with Parkinson's disease. (2009)

For many years, exercise was not a recommended rehabilitation strategy for persons with a diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). Since it was believed that exercise had no measurable effect on PD, or might worsen the underlying pathology, it was to be avoided. A rich vein of bench and translational research now suggest non-pharmacological approaches, such as exercise or physiotherapy, have a far greater effect on the cardinal features of PD than previously believed. In particular, recent studies utilizing animal models of PD have begun to explore the molecular mechanisms of exercise-induced changes in the pathophysiology of PD. Yet, many clinicians and communities remain unaware of the scientific literature underlying exercise-induced brain repair or reorganization (neuroplasticity) and accompanying behavioral recovery in animal models of PD. The authors will summarize some noteworthy preliminary studies suggesting that continuous, deficit targeted, intensive training may confer neuroprotection and thereby, slow, stop or reverse the progression of the disease or promote neurorestoration through adaptation of compromised signaling pathways. While much work remains and these preliminary results await replication in larger prospective human trials, we believe a major challenge in the field of non-pharmacological, rehabilitative intervention for PD will be the extent to which healthcare providers are able to translate the science of exercise and PD to the level of the community.
CO-TRANSFORMATION AS A POTENTIAL TOOL TO CREATE MULTIPLE AND DURABLE DISEASE RESISTANCE IN BANANA (MUSA SPP.) (1998)

Recent progress with more advanced in vitro cultures of banana such as establishment of regenerable embryogenic cell suspension (ECS) opened the opportunity for the production of transgenic bananas. For that purpose, foreign gene introduction by particle bombardment to ECSs proved to be the most suitable technique in combination with selection in the presence of various antibiotics. Several hundred independent transgenic plants have been regenerated so far from the plantain cultivar Three Hand Planty, the cooking banana Bluggoe and the Cavendish dessert banana cultivar Williams. Presence of the introduced genes has been confirmed by large-scale PCR screening and integrative transformation has been demonstrated by Southern gel blot hybridisation. In addition, bombardment of combinations of unlinked and linked chimaeric genes has resulted in high co-transformation frequencies which may allow for the introduction of complex traits to banana. Applications of this transformation technology to evaluate different strategies for creating resistance to fungal and viral pathogens in banana are also discussed.
Study on Ultrathin Tapes of 50%Fe-Ni Alloy (1st Report). Relation between the Magnetic Properties and the Rolling Condition of the Tapes (1957)

Ultrathin tapes of 50%Fe-Ni alloy were rolled down to 0.006 mm in thickness. This study were restricted chiefly to the relation between the magnetic properties and degree of the reduction of the final cold rolling. (1) Then magnetic properties (Hc and Br⁄Bm) of the tapes more than 0.025 mm in thickness were improved with decrease of the thickness. (2) The magnetic properties (Hc and Br⁄Bm) of the tapes less than 0.0125 mm thick deteriorated with decrease of the thickness. (3) The factor causing the Hc and Br⁄Bm of the tapes less than 0.0125 mm thick to become inferior to those of the tapes more than 0.0125 mm thick is not the surface contamination of the tapes but their thickness itself.
Fate of deoxynivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 toxins and their glucoside conjugates from flour to bread: an investigation by high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (2012)

Deoxynivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 toxins are mycotoxins frequently occurring in cereals and cereal-based products along with their conjugated forms. In this paper, we provide insights into the fate of deoxynivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 toxins and their glucoside derivatives during bread making, using naturally contaminated wheat flour. High-resolution mass spectrometry was used to assess the extent of degradation of the three mycotoxins during bread baking and to identify some glucoside conjugates, namely deoxynivalenol, T-2 and HT-2 mono-glucosides, detected both in the flour and in the respective breads. Our findings show deoxynivalenol's levels markedly increased upon baking, whereas those of HT-2 and T-2 toxins were decreased in the final bread with special regard to the T-2 toxin.
Oncogenic Ras and Transforming Growth Factor-β Synergistically Regulate AU-Rich Element–Containing mRNAs during Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (2008)

Colon cancer progression is characterized by activating mutations in Ras and by the emergence of the tumor-promoting effects of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling. Ras-inducible rat intestinal epithelial cells (RIE:iRas) undergo a well-described epithelial to mesenchymal transition and invasive phenotype in response to H-RasV12 expression and TGF-beta treatment, modeling tumor progression. We characterized global gene expression profiles accompanying Ras-induced and TGF-beta-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in RIE:iRas cells by microarray analysis and found that the regulation of gene expression by the combined activation of Ras and TGF-beta signaling was associated with enrichment of a class of mRNAs containing 3' AU-rich element (ARE) motifs known to regulate mRNA stability. Regulation of ARE-containing mRNA transcripts was validated at the mRNA level, including genes important for tumor progression. Ras and TGF-beta synergistically increased the expression and mRNA stability of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key regulator of tumor angiogenesis, in both RIE:iRas cells and an independent cell culture model (young adult mouse colonocyte). Expression profiling of human colorectal cancers (CRC) further revealed that many of these genes, including VEGF and PAI-1, were differentially expressed in stage IV human colon adenocarcinomas compared with adenomas. Furthermore, genes differentially expressed in CRC are also significantly enriched with ARE-containing transcripts. These studies show that oncogenic Ras and TGF-beta synergistically regulate genes containing AREs in cultured rodent intestinal epithelial cells and suggest that posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression is an important mechanism involved in cellular transformation and CRC tumor progression.
Influence of pre-treatments and recycled flows on the COD fractions of a wastewater: a case study (2001)

Physical-chemical and biological fractionation methods were used at different parts of the Evry WWTP in order to assess the influence of effluents recycled from the primary settling tanks and sludge treatment processes on the characteristics of the wastewater. The RBCOD doubled between the WWTP influent and the biological reactor inlet, thus doubling the denitrifying potential of the plant. The primary sludge gravity thickener effluent, subject to a great variability, appeared to contribute up to 38% of the RBCOD contained in the biological reactor influent, whereas only 30% seemed to come from the WWTP inlet. No notable increase of RBCOD was observed at the primary settling tanks' outlet for the longer residence time. The significant variations of RBCOD across the plant were not caused by fluctuations of the physical-chemical COD fractions.