gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extraction Techniques for Selective Dissolution of Amorphous Iron Oxides from Soils and Sediments (1983)

Abstract A comparative study of extraction techniques for the selective dissolution of amorphous iron oxides from soils and sediments was conducted using nine iron oxide samples characterized by x‐ray diffraction as model mineral substrates. Several extracting solutions were evaluated as to their efficiency and specificity for dissolving amorphous iron oxides. Solutions examined included (i) 0.175 M (NH 4 ) 2 C 2 O 4 ‐0.100 M H 2 C 2 O 4 (Tamm's reagent) in the dark, (ii) HCl of different concentrations at both room and boiling water temperatures, (iii) 3% H 2 C 2 O 4 at boiling water temperature, (iv) 0.25 M NH 2 OH·HCl‐25% HOAc at 70°C in a shaker hath, and (v) 0.25 M NH 2 OH·HCl‐0.25 M HCl at 70°C in a shaker hath. Some solutions were found inadequate because of attack on other mineral species, dissolution of crystalline iron oxides such as magnetite, lack of specificity, or lengthy reaction time. Using results obtained on amorphous iron oxides by extraction with Tamm's reagent as a standard reference, the 0.25 M NH 2 OH·HCl‐0.25 M HCl combined solution, modified to extract at 50°C for 30 min, was chosen as the most desirable extractant for amorphous iron oxides based on four considerations: (i) only 30 min required for the extraction, (ii) minor dissolution of crystalline iron oxides (< 1% of the total iron), (iii) low slope of the time series dissolution curve, and (iv) results in close agreement with the 0.175 M (NH 4 ) 2 C 2 O 4 ‐0.100 M H 2 C 2 O 4 extraction in the dark. The modified procedure was applied to six geochemical exploration reference samples consisting of soil, sediment, and weathered rock. Results obtained on amorphous iron oxides were in close agreement with those achieved by the acid ammonium oxalate extraction. The application of the extractant to studies of exploration geochemistry and soil active iron ratios is discussed.
Detection of Cypress Canopies in the Florida Panhandle Using Subpixel Analysis and GIS (2009)

In this study, multitemporal subpixel analysis was used to identify cypress canopies from Landsat 7 ETM+ imagery. One spring and one fall image were selected for each of two sites, an eastern one centered on Tallahassee, FL and a western one centered on Panama City, FL. Signatures derived from the two eastern images were applied on the two western images that served as the control images for accuracy assessment. Results indicated that multitemporal subpixel analysis greatly improved the classification accuracy and signatures developed from one scene could be used to the subpixel classification of another scene with caution.
The New Diamond Age? (2008)

After the hype, what realistic applications might synthetic diamond films have in the near future?
An overview of radio-over-fiber network technology (2010)

Current trends for future provision of broadband, interactive and multimedia services over wireless media in both mobile and fixed cellular networks are- 1) to reduce cell size to accommodate more users and 2) to operate in the microwave/millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency bands to avoid spectral congestion in the lower frequency bands. The development of a cost-effective Base Station (BSs) is a key to be success in the market. Radio-over-fiber (RoF) technology is a promising solution for this requirement. This technique involves modulating the radio frequency (RF) subcarrier onto an optical carrier for distribution over a fiber network. Optical fibers are attractive for RoF systems due to the following characteristics: very high bandwidth, low loss, immune to EMI, light weight, small cross section, low cost, and high flexibility. Such an advantageous system will be presented throughout this paper including the backgrounds, architectures, benefits and limitations, and its milestone.
Kinetic Study of the Pyrolysis of Waste Printed Circuit Boards Subject to Conventional and Microwave Heating (2012)

This paper describes a kinetic study of the decomposition of waste printed circuit boards (WPCB) under conventional and microwave-induced pyrolysis conditions. We discuss the heating rates and the influence of the pyrolysis on the thermal decomposition kinetics of WPCB. We find that the thermal degradation of WPCB in a controlled conventional thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) occurred in the temperature range of 300 °C–600 °C, where the main pyrolysis of organic matter takes place along with an expulsion of volumetric volatiles. The corresponding activation energy is decreased from 267 kJ/mol to 168 kJ/mol with increased heating rates from 20 °C/min to 50 °C/min. Similarly, the process of microwave-induced pyrolysis of WPCB material manifests in only one stage, judging by experiments with a microwave power of 700 W. Here, the activation energy is determined to be only 49 kJ/mol, much lower than that found in a conventional TGA subject to a similar heating rate. The low activation energy found in microwave-induced pyrolysis suggests that the adoption of microwave technology for the disposal of WPCB material and even for waste electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE) could be an attractive option.
Abstract 5310: Re-Endothelialization of Decellularized Heart Reduces Vascular Thrombogenicity (2009)

Perfusion decellularization of cadaveric hearts generates a cell-free extracellular matrix (ECM) that has similar architectural, mechanical, and chemical properties to the native tissue. These scaffolds retain their vascular conduits giving them the potential for anastomosis and transplantation. However, because the matrix is denuded, vascular clotting occurs after transplant even under an anti-coagulation (Coumadin) regimen. To create a less thrombogenic and thus more transplantable decellularized construct, we re-lined vessel conduits throughout the heart with endothelial cells and quantified their functional ability to alter clotting. Cadaveric rat hearts were decellularized by retrograde aortic detergent perfusion. Labeled rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs) were re-introduced following two different protocols: 40 million RAECs were delivered by arterial (Ar) infusion only, or 20 million RAECs delivered by Ar infusion followed with an additional 20 million RAECs delivered by venous (Ve) infusion. Re-endotheliazed heart constructs were then maintained in a bioreactor under retrograde aortic perfusion for 1 week. Thrombogenicity of the constructs was measured by an in vitro thrombomodulin assay of the media flowing through the heart vasculature followed by histologic analysis. Heterotopic transplantation of scaffolds was performed in Rowett Nude rats, and hearts were examined 1 week post transplant. Either delivery route resulted in a whole heart (base to apex) distribution of RAECs with the retention of the endothelial phenotype (e.g. flattened morphology, proliferative (PCNA + ), eNOS + and vWF + ). In vitro thrombogenicity was reduced regardless of the delivery protocol, though there was a trend towards improved performance when cells were delivered via both Ar+Ve routes (6 and 8 fold decrease vs. controls for Ar only or Ar+Ve delivery respectively, N=8 for each condition, p<0.05). After heterotopic transplantation of the re-endothelialized ECM, clotting and cellular invasion were reduced. With this advance we move closer to having a suitable heart construct for transplant while also developing a novel in vitro system for use in studies such as examining stem/progenitor cell differentiation in decellularized heart.
OPTIMIZING DECISION TREE IN MALWARE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM BY USINGGENETIC ALGORITHM (2011)

Malware classification is a vital component and works together with malware identification to prepare the right and effective malware antidote. Current techniques in malware classification do not give a good classification result while dealing with new as well as unique types of malware. In general, these kinds of malware are highly specialized and very difficult to classify. Therefore, this paper proposed the usage of Genetic Algorithm (GA) as an approach to optimize Decision Tree (DT) in malware classification. GA is chosen because unique types of malware are basically functioning like crossover and permutation operations in GA. New classifier is developed by combining GA with DT that we called as Anti-Malware System (AMS) Classifier. Experimental results obtained from AMS Classifier and DT are compared and visualized in tables and graphs. AMS Classifier shows an accuracy increase from 4.5% to 6.5% from DT Classifier. Outcome from this paper is a new Anti-Malware Classification System (AMCS) consists of AMS Classifier and new malware classes that we named as Class Target Operation (CTO). Malware is classified by using CTO which are mainly based on malware target and its operation behavior.
Flexible Synthesis of Planar Chiral Azoninones and Optically Active Indolizidinones (2014)

Abstract The flexible synthesis of defined substituted optically active indolizidinones starting from chiral pool ( S )‐proline and trans 4‐hydroxy‐( S )‐proline is described. Several defined 2‐vinylpyrrolidines were generated in short sequences. The aza‐Claisen rearrangement using chloro and phenylketene equivalents delivered nine‐membered‐ring lactams with up to three stereogenic centres and pS ‐arranged E olefins. Depending on the substitution pattern, certain azoninones had a flexible conformation and showed pS / pR double‐bond flipping. Treatment of the unsaturated lactams with the soft electrophile iodine induced diastereoselective transannular ring contractions. Here, the planar chiral arrangement of the azoninone double bond predetermined the bridgehead configuration of the product indolizidinones. Thus, the ( S )‐proline starting materials could be used to gain access to either one of the two antipodal series of indolizidinone products. The indolizidinone scaffolds should serve as versatile key intermediates in the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceutically important molecules.
Spirit Injury, Exile, and the State of Palestine (2008)

Two cases of intracranial penetration by lawn darts are presented in this report. Both patients were children who developed infectious sequelae following primary closure of cutaneous puncture wounds. These injuries suggest that the darts produced a high-energy impact force that resulted in skull fractures and focal cerebral injury. When children present with puncture wounds or lacerations produced by lawn darts, intracranial penetration must be ruled out, using appropriate medical imaging. Parents should be advised regarding the need for medical reassessment should fever, headache, or local signs of infection occur.
The Program Logic Verification Worksheet: An Empirical Study of its Effectiveness (1984)

"The Program Logic Verification Worksheet: An Empirical Study of its Effectiveness." The Journal of Data Education, 24(2), pp. 7–8
Estimation of the Energy Characteristics of the 3C-SiC∕2H-, 4H-, 6H-, and 8H-SiC Heterojunctions (2005)

Based on the assumption that the electron affinity of the SiC polytypes is linearly dependent on the degree of hexagonality, the offsets of the conduction band and valence band at the point of contact between the cubic 3C-SiC polytype and the hexagonal NH-SiC (N = 2, 4, 6, and 8) polytypes are determined. In the model of a triangular quantum well, the energy of the ground state, ε0, is estimated. It is shown that the position of the energy level ε0 can be adequately controlled only by doping the wide-gap n-NH-SiC polytype with shallow donors.
Interaction of Fixed Number of Photons with Retinal Rod Cells (2014)

New tools and approaches of quantum optics offer a unique opportunity to generate light pulses carrying a precise number of photons. Accurate control over the light pulses helps to improve the characterization of photo-induced processes. Here, we interface a specialized light source which provides flashes containing just one photon, with retinal rod cells of Xenopus laevis toads. We provide unambiguous proof of single photon sensitivity of rod cells without relying on the statistical modeling. We determined their quantum efficiencies without the use of any pre-calibrated detectors, and obtained the value of 29+-4.7 %. Our approach provides the path for future studies and applications of quantum properties of light in phototransduction, vision, and photosynthesis.
High resolution time-of-flight analyzer for charge exchange process. (1983)

New time-of-flight energy analyzer for the fast neutral particles are described. The effect of the sweeping field on the ion packet length, the energy spread, and the direction divergency are discussed on the ground of experimental findings. Triple focusing conditions are given by combining the sweeping field with a sector type toroidal electric field. The toroidal field is realized by the application of the Matsuda plates which terminate a cylindrical condenser. A high resolution T-O-F analyzer is installed in the triple focusing geometry, and the time resolution of the analyzer is estimated to be 36,000.
Distributed cognition and knowledge-based controlled medical terminologies (1998)

Controlled medical terminologies (CMTs) are playing central roles in clinical information systems and medical knowledge resource applications. As these terminologies grow, they are able to support more complex tasks but require more intensive efforts to create and maintain them. Several terminologies are evolving into knowledge bases of medical concepts. The knowledge they include is being used to support distributed cognition in two forms: complex medical decisions involving multiple people and applications, and coordination of maintenance of the terminologies themselves.
Developing a hybrid mesoscale model to predict the impact of oxidative stress damage to individual microtubules on overall cytoskeletal mechanics (2006)

Recent experimental evidence has shown that cigarette smoke metal-catalyzed oxidation of tubulin causes microtubule depolymerization, which can result in endothelial cell contraction and vessel wall breakdown (FASEB J. 19:1096, 2005). This may be a mechanism for cigarette smoke enhancement of deleterious health effects of inflammatory disease. To understand how stochastic damage at the microscale level can translate to global properties of cell mechanics, we have developed an integrated mesoscale model of individual microtubule dynamics to predict and overall dynamics and mechanical properties of the cytoskeleton. Our model is founded on previously developed models of aspects of microtubule properties and parameters from published experimental data. The majority of existing individual microtubule models were developed to study dynamic instability, and they use the mean-field approach calculating the microtubule assembly and disassembly probability distributions. Based on this approach, we employ a Monte Carlo simulation of individual microtubules growing and shrinking in time and 3D spatial domains. Published models based on experimental evidence are used to incorporate microtubule bending, forces on individual microtubules, and the relationship between force and velocity into our hybrid model, resulting in a coupled stochastic and deterministic simulation. To calculate global mechanical properties of the cytoskeleton, multiple microtubules are simultaneously simulated in a random network and passively connected by virtual actin filaments, and the kinetic and potential energies of the overall configuration are dynamically computed using results from the tensegrity theory. We are validating our model by simulating the effect of taxol on microtubules and comparing our results with experimental data. The model is able to duplicate experimental observations (Mol. Biol. Cell 10:947, 1999) on the effect of taxol increasing rescue frequency, decreasing microtubule growth and shrinkage velocity, and strongly increasing pause frequency, percentage and duration. We are currently simulating the ability of taxol and other drugs to compensate for microtubule depolymerization due to oxidative stress, and consequently stabilizing the overall cytoskeletal structure. We are also comparing the predictions of our model to simultaneous experimental measurements of microtubule network dynamics in cultured cells transfected with GFP-tubulin and cell mechanics measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM)
A Method for Evaluating the Adhesion of Cells to Surfaces (1979)

A Method for Evaluating the Adhesion of Cells to Surfaces Get access H W Fowler, H W Fowler Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A J McKay A J McKay Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 31, Issue Supplement_1, December 1979, Page 103P, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1979.tb11651.x Published: 12 April 2011
EPR reinvestigation of the copper(II)-imidazole system (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEPR reinvestigation of the copper(II)-imidazole systemRaffaele P. Bonomo, Francesco Riggi, and Angel J. Di BilioCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 14, 2510–2512Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1988https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00287a027Request reuse permissionsArticle Views517Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (404 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Efficient Transcoding of an MPEG-2 Bit Stream to an H.264 Bit Stream (2006)

The objective of this paper is to develop a technique for transcoding from MPEG-2 main profile to H.264 main profile and compare its performance with other transcoding architectures. The proposed transcoder reuses information from the MPEG-2 bit stream taking into account the improved approaches such as multiple block size motion estimation, in loop deblocking filter, intra directional prediction etc. adopted in H.264. The proposed method achieves low complexity, comparable quality and reduced bit rate in the transcoding process
Total incidence and distribution of inflammatory joint diseases in a defined population: results from the Kuopio 2000 arthritis survey. (2003)

The overall incidence of arthritides among adults was slightly higher than previously reported from Finland. The incidence rates in the child population are in agreement with previous figures. These data are useful in planning the provision of health care.
Developments in the Coordination Chemistry of Europium(II) (2012)

Abstract Recent advances in the coordination chemistry of Eu 2+ are reviewed. Common synthetic routes for generating discrete Eu 2+ ‐containing complexes reported since 2000 are summarized, followed by a description of the reactivity of these complexes and their applications in reduction chemistry, polymerization, luminescence, and as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Rapid development of the coordination chemistry of Eu 2+ has led to an upsurge in the utilization of Eu 2+ ‐containing complexes in synthetic chemistry, materials science, and medicine.
Nitrogen Drilling System for Gas Drilling Applications (1994)

Abstract This paper outlines the development of a nitrogen drilling system used by Meridian Oil on three nitrogen drilled horizontal wells in the San Juan Basin of New Mexico. The nitrogen drilling system eliminates the downhole fire risks associated with air drilling in hydrocarbon producing formations while significantly reducing costs as compared to pipeline gas (methane) drilling or trucked liquid nitrogen drilling. Typically, wells that must be gas drilled through productive intervals rely on pipeline gas, expensive trucked liquid nitrogen, or air-water injection (mist) systems. Water mist injection minimizes downhole fire potential but this method is unacceptable on horizontal wells as the extended drilling time in producing intervals greatly increases the probability of downhole fires. Data will be presented which outline the parameters for the nitrogen drilling system development including the required flowrates, the allowable oxygen concentrations, and economic analysis and justification. Actual field data will be presented, providing additional information relating to safety enhancements, cost reduction, and additional upside through the use of the nitrogen drilling system.
Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury With Moderate Hypothermia (1998)

Associate Professor of Neurological Surgery and Director The University of Pittsburgh Brain Trauma Research Center Presbyterian University Hospital Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Implementation of smart card personalization software (2011)

We treat in this paper the implementation of a graphic tools which allows to personalize smart card (JavaCard cards), which supporting the RSA (Rivest Shamir Adleman) algorithm and ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Algorithm) for the authentication of the card by the clients tools and by the issuer and transforming them into bank cards and securing their use during the transactions of payment, credit, withdrawal, load of the electronic purse or the payment by PME (electronic purse). Our tool is able to personalize a smart card, to create a bank account, to create a bank card, to view the data of the card, to view the data of a bank account, to put an account or a card in opposition, to cancel the last opposition of an account or a card, to block and to unblock a card, to block and unblock an application as well as viewing the online and offline financial records and the commands sent to a card. The card stores the private key and the public key of the card, it is authenticated by the personalization and acquisition software by a schema of RSA signature 1024 bits where the personalization and acquisition software recovers the public key of the card and send a challenge to the card which generates a RSA or ECDSA signature using the private key of the card so these tools verify that the couple (challenge, signature) is valid by using of the public key in their ownership. The exchanges between the smart card and tools are made according to the APDU protocol (standard ISO7816) and the dialog between the acquisition software and the issuer are made according the TLV (Tag Length Value) Protocol.
The structure of the bacterial and archaeal community in a biogas digester as revealed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis (2009)

This study gave a first insight of the overall microbial structure in a rural biogas digester and also indicated DGGE was useful in displaying its dominant microbiota.