gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Small molecule-induced cytosolic activation of protein kinase Akt rescues ischemia-elicited neuronal death (2012)

Elevating Akt activation is an obvious clinical strategy to prevent progressive neuronal death in neurological diseases. However, this endeavor has been hindered because of the lack of specific Akt activators. Here, from a cell-based high-throughput chemical genetic screening, we identified a small molecule SC79 that inhibits Akt membrane translocation, but paradoxically activates Akt in the cytosol. SC79 specifically binds to the PH domain of Akt. SC79-bound Akt adopts a conformation favorable for phosphorylation by upstream protein kinases. In a hippocampal neuronal culture system and a mouse model for ischemic stroke, the cytosolic activation of Akt by SC79 is sufficient to recapitulate the primary cellular function of Akt signaling, resulting in augmented neuronal survival. Thus, SC79 is a unique specific Akt activator that may be used to enhance Akt activity in various physiological and pathological conditions.
Short-term and long-term Vadose zone monitoring: Current technologies, development, and applications (1999)

At Hanford, Savannah River, Oak Ridge, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL), and other DOE sites, field vadose zone observations have shown complex water seepage and mass transport behavior in a highly heterogeneous, thick vadose zone on a variety of scales. Recent investigation showed that severe contamination of soils and groundwater by organic contaminant and nuclear waste occurred because of water seepage and contaminant transport along localized, preferential, fast flow within the heterogeneous vadose zone. However, most of the existing characterization and monitoring methods are not able to locate these localized and persistent preferential pathways associated with specific heterogeneous geologic features, such as clastic dikes, caliche layers, or fractures. In addition, changes in the chemical composition of moving and indigenous solutes, particularly sodium concentration, redox conditions, biological transformation of organic materials, and high temperature, may significantly alter water, chemicals, and bio-transformation exchange between the zones of fast flow and the rest of the media. In this paper, using the data from Hanford and INEEL sites, we will (1) present evidence that central problems of the vadose zone investigations are associated with preferential, fast flow phenomena and accelerated migration of organic and radioactive elements, (2) identify gaps in current characterization and monitoring technologies, and (3) recommend actions for the development of advanced vadose zone characterization and monitoring methods using a combination of hydrologic, geochemical, and geophysical techniques.
Comparison of Hyaline Droplets in Rats With Chronic Progressive Nephropathy And Chemical-Induced .ALPHA.2u-Globulin Nephropathy. (1992)

Hyaline droplets in kidney tubules of rats with chronic progressive nephropathy were histopathologically compared with those found in 2, 2, 4-trimethylpentane (TMP) induced α2u-globulin nephropathy. Repeated oral administration of TMP at the dosage of 50mg/kg/day for four weeks caused development of hyaline droplets which were all immunohistochemically positive for α2u-globulin. In control rats (13 to 52 weeks-old), two types of hyaline droplets were observed: one small round and multiple type being deeply eosinophilic and refractile (hyaline droplet type); and the other being slightly eosinophilic, large, and generally single (eosinophilic body type). Both were positive for anti-α2u-globulin immunohistochemical staining. Fifty-two and 109 weeks-old male rats with chronic progressive nephropathy showed “hyaline droplet degeneration” of tubules with hyaline cast formation in the lumina. Immunohistochemical examination revealed such “hyaline droplet degeneration” to be positive for albumin, but negative for α2u-globulin. Under the electron microscope, round, amorphous, and moderately electron-dense phagolysosomes were observed in the tubules of “hyaline droplet degeneration” cases, clearly different from the polyangular and crystalline-like electron-dense phagolysosomes of normal α2u-globulin reabsorption droplets in young rats or TMP induced α2u-globulin accumulation droplets. The present results suggest that the etiology of chronic progressive nephropathy may be somewhat different from that of α2u-globulin induced nephropathy in terms of the causative protein.
Preparation of substituted 2-pyridones by thermal rearrangement of propargylic pseudoureas. Improvements in the 2-pyridone yields by variations of the pseudourea NR2 substituent (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of substituted 2-pyridones by thermal rearrangement of propargylic pseudoureas. Improvements in the 2-pyridone yields by variations of the pseudourea NR2 substituentLarry E. Overman and Jan P. RoosCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 4, 811–813Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1981https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00317a035RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views263Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (450 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
From the classroom to the real world (panel session) (1992)

Forth is interesting because of its differences. Panelists will discuss experiences with Forth as a University teaching tool, evaluation of Forth and its derivative languages in practical computer applications, the position of Forth in the industrial environment, and Forth practices outside of the United States.
The application of optical microscopy to studies of dust filtration (1976)

SUMMARY Needle‐felted fabrics which are used in modern continuously operated dust filter units comprise a loose assembly of synthetic fibres interlocked in the manufacturing process by the action of needle barbs, which pull tufts of fibres through the depth of the fabric; the high porosity of the fabrics and their lack of rigidity prevents their sectioning by conventional microtome techniques. Specimens for incident and transmitted light microscopy are prepared after vacuum impregnating with an embedding resin using modified metallographic preparation techniques. The advantages and limitations of these techniques in revealing details of the structure of needle‐felted fabrics are discussed and illustrated with typical photomicrographs.
Semi-automatic Potential Risk Factor Candidate Detection using Intraoperative Video Image (2011)

Medical errors are critical issues in medical practice. Serious accidents are deeply investigated, but most slight cases are ignored as careless mistakes by clinical staff. Identification of potential risks in surgery and treatment of risks are important to decrease errors. Video recording and analyzing system was developed to record intraoperative information and to find risk factors, but visual mining by medical doctors requires much time and effort and the results will be subjective. Thus we adopted quantity of motion in the recorded video as a quantitative index to indicate “candidates” of incidents. This system was evaluated in a clinical case (brain tumor removal) to compare detecting ability of incidents between human observation and computer processing. While human observation took 8.7 hours (equivalent to operative time) and found 4 incidents, computer processing took only 2.7 hours and extracted 81 candidates under tentative extraction threshold. Two events were common to both methods, but results of computation contained many false positive cases and does not detect rest two cases which human observation succeeded. Computer detection reduced the time to find risk factors, but it contained false detection and could not detect motionless incidents. We will integrate other featuring quantity and machine learning methods.
Polymerization of Soybean 11S Globulin Due to Reactions with Peroxidizing Linoleic Acid (1978)

Soybean 11S globulin was polymerized by incubating with peroxidizing linoleic acid. The molar ratio of the acidic subunits to the basic subunits of 11S globulin decreased with the elapse of the incubation time. The acidic subunits were lost faster and formed polymers more easily than the basic subunits. The acidic and basic subunits in 11S globulin were fractionated by DEAE-Sephadex gel chromatography. Each of the acidic and basic subunits was allowed to react with peroxidizing linoleic acid individually. The results also showed that the acidic subunits formed polymers faster than the basic subunits. Both succinylated and acetylated 11S globulins were also submitted to the incubation with peroxidizing linoleic acid. The polymerization of the modified protein was suppressed by masking ε-amino groups.
Thermal Rearrangement of Enol Ester Epoxides. II. The Intramolecularity of the Rearrangement<sup>1</sup> (1962)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermal Rearrangement of Enol Ester Epoxides. II. The Intramolecularity of the Rearrangement1A. L. Draper, W. J. Heilman, W. E. Schaefer, H. J. Shine, and J. N. ShooleryCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1962, 27, 8, 2727–2729Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1962Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1962https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01055a005https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01055a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views422Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of amorphous carbon-hydrogen films by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (1985)

The structure and properties of thin amorphous carbon films are critically dependent upon the preparation conditions. Hydrogenated amorphous carbon films, prepared by both ion beam sputtering and glow discharge techniques, have been investigated by solid-state 13C magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of the sp2 and sp3 bonding sites. Film hardness and density correlate with the incorporated hydrogen, whereas the optical band gap is controlled by the fraction of tetrahedral (sp3) versus graphitic (sp2) bonding. It is shown that structural trade-offs prevent the formation of so-called amorphous diamond, i.e., a material with simultaneous extreme hardness and wide optical band gap.
Urgent abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in patients over the age 80. (1987)

We present three patients with successful surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms with signs of imminent rupture in octogenarians. The patients presented with evidence of severe left ventricular dysfunction and reduced compliance either before or during surgery. Extremely cautious delivery of fluids and of after-load reducing agents was employed under the guidance of measurements of cardiac output and filling pressures from a pulmonary arterial catheter inserted prior to surgery.
Reactions of Peroxynitrite with Biomolecules (2000)

Peroxynitrite (PN) is formed in vivo in the reaction of nitric oxide (NO) with superoxide. PN is a powerful oxidant, which nitrates and hydroxylates phenols, but also leads to dimerization of such compounds. In this work some new products formed in the reaction of phenol with PN could be identified. Moreover the results of some experiments pointed towards a radical mechanism and the involvement of phenoxy radicals in this radical pathway. In a second part of this work several scavengers were tested for their efficiency to scavenge PN and inhibit harmful reactions with biotargets, such as the oxidation and inactivation of ADH, the nitration of phenol (as a model for tyrosine) and the nitration of BSA-bound tyrosines. For each of these reactions a number of antioxidants were employed and their IC50 values for the inhibition in these reactions were determined. In the last chapter the nitration by PN was investigated within two P450 enzymes: P450-BM3 and P450-CAM. These studies revealed that the nitration of some tyrosine residues is autocatalytic and therefore highly sensitive and selective. Moreover a ferryl (Compound II) spectrum could be observed for several P450 proteins, suggesting that it must be an obligatory and common intermediate in reactions of PN with P450 enzymes.
Ein photochemischer Zugang zu makrocyclischen Mono‐ oder Dilactonen (1984)

Die Aktivierung von Dienylketenen 2 mit Diazabicyclooctan kann – bei geeigneter Substitution – zu Monolactonen 3 oder Di‐ (und Tri‐)lactonen führen. Das Edukt rac ‐ 1 , RCH 3 , XH, n = 9, ergibt 3 in ca. 30% Ausbeute. magnified image
Travel Bans and Threats to US Health Care—Our Hearts Are at Stake (2017)

This Viewpoint discusses the potential effect of the US president’s executive order restricting travel from specific countries on the contributions of immigrant cardiologists working in the US health care system.
Bone type alkaline phosphatase as a marker of bone metabolism. (1994)

ヒトのALPは, 臓器非特異型, 小腸型, 胎盤型, 類胎盤型の4型に分類されている. 骨のALPは臓器非特異型で, 肝のALPも同じ臓器非特異型遺伝子の産物であるが, 転写の機構が異なり, 骨とは別のmRNAが作られている. 歯根膜のALPは, 酸素化学的, 免疫学的性質から, 臓器非特異型であるが, 遺伝子については不明であった. われわれは, 培養歯根膜細胞のcDNAライブラリーから骨のALPとまったく同じcDNAを分離することに成功した. また, 低アルカリホスファターゼ症の研究では, ALPの生理的機能の解明が期待されるが, われわれも血清で免疫学的診断を試みている. また, ラットを用いた骨動態研究では, 卵巣摘出により, ALP活性は, 血清で増加し, 骨で低下するが, 自由運動では, 血中, 骨中のALP活性, いずれも上昇しており, 骨代謝の指標としてのALP活性レベルについては, いろいろな制御機構を考える必要があろう.
Ohio Performance Trials of Public Soybean Varieties, Including 1995 Results (1996)

Characteristics of Varieties; New VarietiesTable 1 summarizes characteristics of the public varieties tested in 1999.Most of these varieties are available only as a class of certified seed.Certified seed of new varieties generally becomes available in limited quantities two years after the year of release.Thus, certified seed of 1997 and 1998 releases should be available for 2000 planting, although supplies of the latter will be limited.Apollo was developed by the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station.A tall group II variety, it has excellent lodging resistance.Croton 3.9 is a late-group III variety developed by USDA and OARDC.It is particularly adapted to stress environments.Darby is a mid-group III variety developed by OARDC.It is similar in maturity and plant type to the older variety Resnik but has increased yield.Dwight is a group II release from the Illinois Agricultural Research Station.It is resistant to soybean cyst nematode.HS93-4118 is a group IV strain developed by OARDC.Available only on a branded basis, it is particularly adapted to productive soils in Southern Ohio.Tiffin is a group II variety developed by OARDC.It has improved resistance to Phytophthora rot, specifically, with two genes, Rps1c and Rps3a.
Two cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach with lymph node metastasis. (2007)

Lymph node metastasis from gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is quite rare. We report two cases of gastric GIST with nodal metastases and results of their mutation analyses. In the first case (78-year-old male), a mass 4.0 cm in size was located at the gastric cardia. Proximal gastrectomy was performed. In the other case (40-year-old female), the gastric tumor was 2.5 cm in size. Computed tomography scan revealed a hepatic metastasis. Imatinib mesylate was administered as primary treatment, at the patient's preference, but the tumors exhibited no response. Wedge resection of the stomach and partial hepatectomy were performed. In both cases, histological examination revealed that the tumors consisted of spindle cells. In the former case, there was an isolated lymph node metastasis at the right cardia. In the latter, three of 5 sampled nodes adjacent to the tumor were positive. In both cases, immunohistochemical analyses showed that primary and metastatic tumors were diffusely positive for CD117 and CD34 and negative for desmin and S100-protein. In the former case, there was a deletion mutation in CD117 exon 11, the most common genotype in GIST. In the latter, there were no detectable mutations in CD117 or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha.
Using Nitrogen Adsorption to Quantitatively Study Microstructure of Cement Pastes (2000)

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Nonlinear forecasting with wavelet neural networks (2002)

When the time delay embedding technique (TDET) is employed to predict transient, nonlinear automotive emissions many seconds into the future, it captures general magnitude and timing for conditions it hasn't experienced before, but some details are lost. If the driving inputs to the system are known, and certain characteristic shapes are expected for the response, then those features can be reconstructed. In order to capture the localized frequency details, wavelet coefficients are added to the first layer of a multilayer feedforward neural network. TDET predictions and real emissions are used to train this hybrid network, and then it is asked to reconstruct the details of future emissions when the engine calibration and environment are changed. The method is expected to be implementable online and in plenty of time for anticipatory control efforts.
Simulation of plasma flow in toroidal solenoid filters (1996)

An improved drift approximation model with an added radial electrostatic field has been successfully developed. Our model provides a computationally efficient way of quantitatively describing the plasma motion and predicting the plasma behavior in the toroidal solenoid in a filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) system. Storer's (1989) experimental results have been successfully simulated by this model. A good quantitative fit is obtained for our simulation results to the measured ion currents versus distance along the torus for various B field strengths, the attenuation length, and the wall current. The model describes the change of plasma density along the torus and provides the value of the electron-ion collision frequency at various conditions. The effect of the magnetic field and radial electric field on the plasma transportation can be assessed by the simulation and various plasma parameters can be determined. It is found that the radial electric field confines the 3-directional drift of the ions and is one of the most important parameters in determining the ion throughput. For any given B field strength and plasma parameters, there is a peak ion output corresponding to an optimal potential difference which can be obtained by the simulation. Over three times more ion output can be achieved when the torus wall is appropriately biased.
Estimation of single sweep steady-state visual evoked potentials by adaptive line enhancement (1994)

An adaptive line enhancer (ALE) is used to obtain estimates of the single sweep steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP). The method is seen to enhance the estimated signal-to-noise ratio of the single sweep SSVEP by as much as 10 dB.
Recrystallization of Barium Sulfate from Fused Salts (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRecrystallization of Barium Sulfate from Fused SaltsMorris. Gallant, G. J. Schmitt, and Joseph. SteigmanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1954, 26, 5, 846–849Publication Date (Print):May 19, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 19 May 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60089a013https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60089a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views86Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Lithographic lasers with low thermal resistance (2010)

Data are presented demonstrating a low thermal resistance lithographic laser. An 8 µm vertical-cavity surface emitting laser defined using lithography and epitaxial crystal growth provides output power of 14 mW, slope efficiency of 0.88 W/A corresponding to differential quantum efficiency of 70% and power conversion efficiency of 26%. Low thermal resistance, even without heatsinking, results in high output power densities owing to better heat spreading through the epitaxial structure for small lasers.
Frequency Multiplexed 2-Dimensional Sensor Array Based on Split-Ring Resonators for Organic Tissue Analysis (2012)

A frequency multiplexed 2-dimensional sensor array was developed using microstrip-line-excited split-ring resonators (SRRs). With the proposed structures, it is possible to spatially resolve the relative changes of the dielectric properties of a Material Under Test (MUT) in one and two dimensions. The SRRs are designed to have different resonant frequencies and are decoupled from each other. With these design characteristics, it is possible to track changes on the resonant frequency of individual SRR that will indicate the dielectric properties of the MUT around the ring and therefore its location within the array. The number of pixels of the dielectric image corresponds to the number of SRRs within the sensor. Several prototype sensors have been realized and tested with different MUT such as dielectric bricks, animal tissue and phantoms of human tissue to prove the concept.