gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison off Selective Laser and Electron Beam Melted Titanium Aluminides (2011)

In the following paper we present the investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties produced by selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM). The chosen alloy is a Ti-(46- 48)Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy which has a great potential in replacing heavy weight Ni-base superalloys in turbine blades. Cylindrical specimens were produced and characterized by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemical analysis to determine the microstructure and composition. In addition compression tests at room and elevated temperatures (700-800 °C) were carried out to identify the mechanical properties of the alloy.
Preparation and Characterization of Unsaturated Polyester/Organic Montmorillonite Nanocomposites (2014)

This study uses in-situ polymerization method due to organic modified montmorillonite into unsaturated polyester to form a advanced montmorillonite / unsaturated polyester (MMT /UP) nanocomposites. Using of the blasting force generated in situ polymerization patterns show the formation of clay layers is exfoliation structure in polymer and improving of thermal properties, flame retardant properties, and mechanical properties.The d-spacing of organic modified clay could be determined whether the modifier was intercalated into the gallery of clay by applying the wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD). The functional groups of modified clay were measured by Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The dispersion morphologies of MMT / UP nanocomposites were characterized by the wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The thermal properties and mechanical properties were investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index meter (LOI), cone calorimeter (Heat Release Rate) and a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA).
Processing and localization of Dengue virus type 2 polyprotein precursor NS3-NS4A-NS4B-NS5 (1992)

Processing of dengue virus type 2 polyprotein precursor NS3-NS4A-NS4B-NS5 could be mediated by the catalytically active NS3 protease domain and NS2B in trans at the dibasic sites NS3-NS4A and NS4B-NS5. Subcellular localization of the unprocessed precursor NS3-NS4A-NS4B-NS5 showed that it was confined to a distinct subcellular organelle in the cytoplasm, which was distinct from the distribution of the mature NS5.
ChemInform Abstract: The N‐Substitution of Aliphatic Primary Amines via 1‐((Alkylamino)methyl)benzotriazoles: Preparation of Secondary Amines. (1990)

Abstract A novel method for the selective conversion of aliphatic primary amines into unsym. substituted secondary amines is described.
Synthesis, crystal and molecular structure, and chemistry of (.mu.-(trimethylene)bis(.eta.-cyclopentadienyl)bis(.mu.-carbonyl)dicobalt, a five-membered dicobaltacycle (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, crystal and molecular structure, and chemistry of (.mu.-(trimethylene)bis(.eta.-cyclopentadienyl)bis(.mu.-carbonyl)dicobalt, a five-membered dicobaltacycleKlaus H. Theopold and Robert G. BergmanCite this: Organometallics 1982, 1, 12, 1571–1579Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00072a005https://doi.org/10.1021/om00072a005research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views275Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Optimal geometrical conditions of photoacoustic signal detection with a cylindrical direct coupling cell for liquids (1985)

The general description of photoacoustic (PA) signal generation in liquids developed in our earlier paper [J. Appl. Phys. 55, 4005 (1984)] was extended to analyze PA signal detection. The dependence of detected PA signal magnitude on the excitation beam profile and cell geometry of the cylindrical direct coupling cell was obtained theoretically. The thermal lens effect was clarified to be one of the dominant factors for determination of an acoustic source profile in liquids. These theoretical results were confirmed experimentally. Theoretical, optimized detection conditions for a highly sensitive cell (under a near-field condition) and a wide dynamic range cell (under a far-field condition) were proposed.
ADVANCED FRONT END CMP AND INTEGRATION SOLUTIONS (2000)

This paper will review and report significant advances in front end CMP and integration solutions that can be used for future IC devices. In order to increase tool availability and fab operation efficiency, a onetool-for-all-application approach is used. In addition, these methods are compared to the capability of a next generation web tool with slurry-free polishing. The CMP technologies that are required for future generation devices include an advanced polishing head, an advanced in-situ endpoint system, and multiplaten, multi-head architecture. Coupling these hardware elements with next generation consumables, (solo hard pad, high planarity slurry, slurry-free polishing) enables direct polish STI process solutions that meet device requirements for 0.18µm and beyond. Polysilicon CMP is accomplished using a novel multistep process. An advanced PMD process is demonstrated that exhibits a longer life pad and an advanced diamond disk for high throughput and high tool-availability. All the technologies have been successfully used or are currently being tested in production.
Impact of the Timing of Antibiotic Administration on Digestive Colonization with Carbapenemase-Producing <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> in a Murine Model (2019)

While antibiotic use is a risk factor of carbapenemase-producing <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> (CPE) acquisition, the importance of timing of antibiotic administration relative to CPE exposure remains unclear. In a murine model of gut colonization by New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1)-producing <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, a single injection of clindamycin within at most 1 week before or after CPE exposure induced colonization persisting up to 100 days. The timing of antibiotic administration relative to CPE exposure may be relevant to infection control and antimicrobial stewardship approaches.
Regulation of the Synthesis of Phage Lambda Repressor (1970)

Repressors of gene activity in bacteria bind to specific operator sites on the DNA (Gilbert and Müller-Hill, 1967; Ptashne and Hopkins, 1968) and block transcription of the repressed genes (Chadwick et al., this volume). As yet, however, little is known about the regulation of synthesis of the repressors themselves. Such regulation may not be important in adaptive systems, but it may well play a role in differentiating systems. In this article we describe the regulation of the synthesis of the repressor of bacteriophage λ.
Antibody class switch recombinase activity is B cell stage specific and functions stochastically in the absence of 'targeted accessibility' control [published erratum appears in Int Immunol 1997 Nov;9(11):1773] (1997)

Chromosomally integrated retroviral switch (S) substrates have been developed to reveal switch recombinase-like activities (SRLA) in pre-B and mature B cell lines. Switch substrate retrovectors (SSR) contain a long-terminal repeat-driven neomycin (Neo) gene for proviral chromosomal maintenance (pre- and post-S recombination) and a CMV promoter-driven, chimeric hygromycin-thymidine kinase (Hytk) gene (flanked by S mu and S gamma 2b recombination targets) to select for (ganciclovir) and against (hygromycin B) S region recombination. The retro-substrates' strong, constitutive promoters ensure that variations in cellular switch recombinase activities are independent of S region accessibility control. By initially selecting for proviral integrants in hygromycin followed by shifting into neomycin + ganciclovir to select for S sequence-mediated deletions, switch recombinations can be specifically forestalled in B cell lines whilst most switch-incompetent cells do not survive secondary selection. A qualitative, direct PCR assay reveals that SSR recombinations are stochastic in B cell lines generating a product array akin to natural GH class switching. A semi-quantitative DC-PCR assay detects a significant recombinase activity only in a restricted set of late stage pre-B and mature B cell lines. BCL1B1 mature B cells have the highest level of recombinase activity with 25% or more of proviral integrants accumulating S mu/S gamma 2b substrate recombinations within 10-14 cell generations. The SSR recombinase assay can be performed in a transient fashion wherein extensive, B cell-specific recombination can be visualized within only a few cell divisions post proviral integration. We propose that switch recombinase activity becomes activated during B cell ontogeny independent of or prior to the acquisition of CH locus accessibility and that endogenous S segment targeting to pre-existing recombinase requires a level of accessibility beyond transcriptional activation.
Totalsynthese satt (1998)

Abstract Der Titel der diesjährigen Vortragsserie „Chemical Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Substances”︁ von K. C. Nicolaou vom Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla versprach viel und hielt noch mehr: Geboten wurde ein Feuerwerk herausfordernder organischer Synthesen biologisch aktiver Moleküle.
A case of bilateral acute depigmentation of the Iris in one of two identical twins (2020)

Bilateral Acute depigmentation of the is a recently discovered condition described in the literature in Turkish patients (Tugal-Tutkun and Urgancioglu, Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 244:742-6, 2006; Tugal-Tutkun et al., Ophthalmology 116(8):1552-7, 2009). This condition affects mainly young females and is characterized by acute bilateral stromal depigmentation, without other pathologic ocular findings. These patients usually maintain normal vision and do not develop significant glaucoma from pigment collecting in the anterior chamber angle. This condition can be mistaken for Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis, pigment dispersion syndrome, pseudoexfoliation syndrome, and viral iridocyclitis. This is the first reported case in North America and is important for differentiation from the above pathologies. Our patient had a history of pitcher plant extract injections to the face but it is unclear if this is associated with our patient's development of BADI. As awareness of this condition progresses, a possible etiology may be elucidated.
Cutting Edge: Acute and Chronic Exposure of Immature B Cells to Antigen Leads to Impaired Homing and SHIP1-Dependent Reduction in Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 Responsiveness (2007)

An encounter of B cells with cognate self Ags in the periphery can lead to anergy, a condition characterized by altered anatomical localization, shortened life span, and refractility to Ag stimulation. We recently reported that an immature B cell encounter with cognate self-Ag in the bone marrow can also lead to anergy. In this study we show that anergic as well as acutely Ag-stimulated immature B cells are defective in stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)-induced calcium mobilization and migration and do not localize to bone marrow following adoptive transfer. This hyporesponsiveness does not involve CXCR4 modulation. However, BCR signal-mediated hyporesponsiveness to SDF-1 is associated with phosphorylation of the 5-inositol phosphatase SHIP1 and requires SHIP1 expression. Therefore, an encounter with cognate Ag may, by preventing SDF-1-induced phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate accumulation, trigger premature emigration of immature B cells from bone marrow.
Selective epitaxial growth of dot structures on patterned Si substrates by gas source molecular beam epitaxy (1999)

Selective epitaxial growth of Ge dot structures is investigated to obtain highly regular dot arrays with excellent size uniformity in the nanoscale. The dot structures are grown in patterned fine windows ranging in diameter from 650 to 90 nm on Si(100) substrates covered with masks. The dimensions and number of the dots grown in a window significantly change depending on window size, growth temperature and time and the thickness of the Si buffer layer. These growth characteristics are considered to be induced by the Stranski-Krastanov growth mode and migration mechanism of Ge atoms on Si substrates. It is noted that Ge dots whose diameter is much smaller than the pattern size are formed with high uniformity and that the position is precisely controlled by SEG. The Ge dot structures are found to give rise to prominent luminescence with well separated phonon replicas and the energy position systematically changes when the growth conditions are varied.
Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Focal Hand Dystonia in Musicians: A Two-Case Study (2017)

Focal hand dystonia (FHD) in musicians is a movement disorder causing abnormal movements and irregularities in playing. Since weak electrical currents applied to the brain induce persistent excitability changes in humans, cathodal tDCS was proposed as a possible non-invasive approach for modulating cortical excitability in patients with FHD. However, the optimal targets and modalities have still to be determined. In this pilot study, we delivered cathodal (2 mA), anodal (2 mA) and sham tDCS over the motor areas bilaterally for 20 min daily for five consecutive days in two musicians with FHD. After cathodal tDCS, both patients reported a sensation of general wellness and improved symptoms of FHD. In conclusion, our pilot results suggest that cathodal tDCS delivered bilaterally over motor-premotor (M-PM) cortex for 5 consecutive days may be effective in improving symptoms in FHD.
Radio channel measurements in live LTE networks for MIMO Over-the-Air emulation (2014)

This paper discusses a radio channel measurement scheme to bring site specific propagation characteristics of a live LTE network to a virtual drive testing in a MIMO Over-the-Air (OTA) emulation environment. A directional radio channel measurement performed in a live LTE network in nine different locations is reported and the modelling procedure for MIMO OTA is described. The channel measurement system is composed of a scanner for LTE network, a directive dual polarized antenna, and a channel analysis & modelling software. Measured radio channel parameters are power angular distribution, power delay profile, received polarization power ratio, Ricean K-factor, antenna correlation, and received signal level. The measurement results indicate, for instance, that the angular power distribution is not uniform, but has a range of variation of up to 22 dB, and that the received polarization power ratio is not 0 dB, but vary in between 13 and -8 dB. Line-of-sight component was present in many locations, the average Ricean K-factor was 3.6 dB.
Synthesis and crystal structures of cycloheptatrienylidene complexes of iron (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and crystal structures of cycloheptatrienylidene complexes of ironPaul E. Riley, Raymond E. Davis, Neil T. Allison, and W. M. JonesCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 7, 2458–2460Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00527a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00527a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views186Altmetric-Citations36LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tertiary Phenolic Alkaloids from Chasmanthera dependens (1983)

A phytochemical investigation of the tertiary phenolic alkaloidal fraction of the stems of CHASMANTHERA DEPENDENS H OCHST. (Menispermaceae) has yielded the tetrahydroprotoberberine type alkaloids govanine ( identical with(-)-tetrahydropseudocolumbamine) [1] and coreximine [2]; the pavine type alkaloid bisnorargemonine [3] and the morphinandienone type alkaloid pallidine [4].
Effect of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Cell Cycle Pathways in Breast Cell Lines With Different Transformation Degree (2015)

n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), abundant in fish, have been shown to affect development and progression of some types of cancer, including breast cancer. The aim of our study was to further analyze and clarify the effects of these nutrients on the molecular mechanisms underlying breast cancer. Following treatments with DHA we examined cell viability, death, cell cycle, and some molecular effects in breast cell lines with different transformation, phenotypic, and biochemical characteristics (MCF-10A, MCF-7, SK-BR-3, ZR-75-1). These investigations showed that DHA is able to affect cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle progression in a different way in each assayed breast cell line. The activation of ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways and the expression and/or activation of molecules involved in cell cycle regulation such as p21(Waf1/Cip1) and p53, are very differently regulated by DHA treatments in each cell model. DHA selectively: (i) arrests non tumoral MCF-10A breast cells in G0 /G1 cycle phase, activating p21(Waf1/Cip1) , and p53, (ii) induces to death highly transformed breast cells SK-BR-3, reducing ERK1/2 and STAT3 phosphorylation and (iii) only slightly affects each analyzed process in MCF-7 breast cell line with transformation degree lower than SK-BR-3 cells. These findings suggest a more relevant inhibitory role of DHA within early development and late progression of breast cancer cell transformation and a variable effect in the other phases, depending on individual molecular properties and degree of malignancy of each clinical case.
Delineation of the cis-acting element mediating EBNA-2 transactivation of latent infection membrane protein expression (1991)

To delineate the cis-acting element through which EBNA-2 transactivates latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), we assayed the effect of EBNA-2 on the activity of LMP1 promoter upstream deletion mutants in the context of the LMP1 or heterologous promoters controlling chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene expression in Epstein-Barr virus-negative Burkitt lymphoma cells. Assays of progressive 5' deletions of the LMP1 promoter revealed low constitutive and at least eightfold EBNA-2-stimulated activity from -512 to +40 (-512/+40), -334/+40, and -234/+40 LMP1CAT plasmids. More extensive 5'-deleted -205/+40, -155/+40, and -147/+40 LMP1CAT plasmids also had low constitutive activity but were not EBNA-2 responsive. The most 5'-deleted -55/+40 LMP1CAT plasmid had moderate constitutive activity and was not EBNA-2 inducible. Either orientation of the -334/+40 LMP1 sequence conferred EBNA-2 responsiveness when positioned upstream of an enhancerless simian virus 40 or herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (TK) promoter. EBNA-2 and the cis-acting LMP1 DNA were both required to increase TK promoter-initiated mRNA, indicating that the EBNA-2 effect is at the transcriptional level. Further deletion analysis of the EBNA-2-responsive cis-acting element defined a -234/-92 LMP1 DNA fragment which conveyed EBNA-2 responsiveness to the herpes simplex virus TK promoter. The 5' 30 bp between -234 and -205 were essential for EBNA-2 responsiveness. Thus, these experiments define a 142-bp cis-acting element which is sufficient for conveying EBNA-2 responsiveness and an essential 30-bp component of that element. The role of this element in LMP1 and LMP2B expression and its possible role in LMP2A expression are discussed.
HEAT INACTIVATION RATES OF BOTULINUM TOXINS A, B, E AND F IN SOME FOODS AND BUFFERS (1979)

ABSTRACT Inactivation of botulinum toxins was determined in selected acid and low acid foods and buffer systems. Heating at 74°C and 79°C gave a biphasic curve when the log of the inactivation of the toxins was plotted against the time of heating. At 74°C, the time for inactivation of 10 3 LD 50 of type A toxin per gram of an acid food such as tomato soup to no detectable toxin by mouse assay was an hr. or more. At 85°C the inactivation was very rapid and approached exponential decrease with inactivation to no detectable toxin within 5 min. In general, the toxins were more stable in acid foods such as tomato soup at pH 4.2 than in low acid foods, such as canned corn at pH 6.2. Twenty minutes at 79°C or 5 min at 85°C is recommended as the minimum heat treatment for inactivation of 10 3 LD 50 botulinum toxins per gram of the foods tested.
Linguistic and philosophical implications (2006)

Despite their apparently divergent accounts of higher cognition, cognitive theories based on neural computation and those employing symbolic computation can in fact strengthen one another. To substantiate this controversial claim, this landmark work develops in depth a cognitive architecture based in neural computation but supporting formally explicit higher-level symbolic descriptions, including new grammar formalisms. Detailed studies in both phonology and syntax provide arguments that these grammatical theories and their neural network realizations enable deeper explanations of early acquisition, processing difficulty, cross-linguistic typology, and the possibility of genomically encoding universal principles of grammar. Foundational questions concerning the explanatory status of symbols for central problems such as the unbounded productivity of higher cognition are also given proper treatment. The work is made accessible to scholars in different fields of cognitive science through tutorial chapters and numerous expository boxes providing background material from several disciplines. Examples common to different chapters facilitate the transition from more basic to more sophisticated treatments. Details of method, formalism, and foundation are presented in later chapters, offering a wealth of new results to specialists in psycholinguistics, language acquisition, theoretical linguistics, computational linguistics, computational neuroscience, connectionist modeling, and philosophy of mind.