gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Canadian Arctic Islands (1973)

Abstract The Canadian Arctic Islands sedimentary basins cover an area of approximately 664,600 square miles, with a land area of 286,00 square miles, and contains an estimated 950,000 cubic miles of Phanerozoic sediment. The area consists of 4 major structural provinces. (1) The bordering Precambrian shield areas have structural arches that extend into the basin. (2) The central stable region consists of several basins containing relatively flat-lying shelf carbonates of Ordovician-Silurian age that generally are 5,000 feet thick within the basin and thicken northward to a maximum of 15,000 feet. (3) The Innuitian region is a mobile belt characterized by thick sedimentary deposits which was tectonically active from the Paleozoic to the Tertiary. The region is comprised of the Franklinian fold complex and the Sverdrup basin. The Franklinian fold complex includes the various structures formed from a gently folded lower Paleozoic geosyncline, approximately 1,500 miles long. It contains up to 16,000 feet of Or-dovician and Silurian carbonates, evaporites and shale; up to 6,000 feet of Lower Devonian clastic rocks, and 16,000 feet of Middle and Upper Devonian sedimentary rocks ranging from marine carbonates and elastics to nonmarine elastics. The Sverdrup basin, a NE-SW trending basin approximately 600 by 200 miles contains up to 40,000 feet of post-Devonian to mid-Tertiary rocks. Permo-Pennsylvanian strata are predominantly carbonate and evaporite. The Mesozoic through lower Tertiary is dominated by heavy and continuous sedimentation. The stratigraphic section consists mainly of terrigenous clastic sediments which include basinal shales and marginal or deltaic sandstones, and lesser amounts of volcanic and carbonate rocks. The axis of the basin is characterized by numerous evaporite diapirs. (4) The Arctic coastal plain lies along the northwest edge of the Arctic Islands, bordering the Arctic Ocean in the position of the present continental shelf. It contains upper Tertiary and Pleistocene sedimentary rocks. The Arctic Islands sedimentary basin has all the necessary geologic elements conducive to the entrapment of hydrocarbons in large quantities. There is a very thick, lithologically varied, stratigraphic succession representing every geologic period, adequate source beds, and abundant potential reservoir rocks. There is an abundance of diversified traps — large anticlines, reefs, evaporite domes, faulted homoclines, unconformities, and facies changes. Hydrocarbon shows, including “oil sands,” stain, and bitumen are present in a large area and in a wide range of ages. Large quantities of gas have been discovered at two localities.
Real-time intensity autocorrelation interferometer (1978)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. L. Fork and F. A. Beisser, "Real-time intensity autocorrelation interferometer," Appl. Opt. 17, 3534-3535 (1978) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
An efficient 3D elastic full waveform Inversion of time-lapse seismic data using grid injection method (2013)

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a powerful tool to quantify Earth properties of the subsurface from seismic data, and has become a major area of research. Because of very high computational cost, FWI has so far been used for either 2D full elastic or 3D acoustic media. Here we propose an efficient way to perform 3D elastic FWI for time-lapse seismic data using grid injection method, which allows for efficient calculation of synthetic seismograms after model alterations within a localized area. The technique allows for significant reductions in computational time and memory requirements without any significant loss in accuracy.
Use of epidemiologic markers to identify the source of Escherichia coli infections in poultry. (1985)

During an epidemiologic study of poultry colisepticemia on 2 Saudi Arabian poultry broiler farms, Escherichia coli was isolated from 101 (40.4%) of the 250 specimens examined. The antigenic structure and the drug resistance pattern of 65.4% of the E coli isolates from different sources were used as epidemiologic markers to trace the source of the infection. The predominant E coli serotypes involved in infections of 2 poultry broiler progeny farms were 033:H4 (51.8%) and 078:H- (19.6%) that had the following respective drug resistance patterns: furazolidone-streptomycin-sulfathiazole and streptomycin-sulfathiazole-tetracycline. Escherichia coli strains with typical epidemiologic markers were isolated from various sources on a broiler breeding farm, but not from well waters of the infected progeny farm. Three other E coli serotypes (045:H10[14.3%], 0119:H27[1.8%], and 0145:H25[1.8%]) were involved in poultry infection, but to a lesser extent. These 3 serotypes were multiply resistant against 5 to 6 of the antimicrobials evaluated.
High-Throughput Particle Manipulation Based on Hydrodynamic Effects in Microchannels (2017)

Microfluidic techniques are effective tools for precise manipulation of particles and cells, whose enrichment and separation is crucial for a wide range of applications in biology, medicine, and chemistry. Recently, lateral particle migration induced by the intrinsic hydrodynamic effects in microchannels, such as inertia and elasticity, has shown its promise for high-throughput and label-free particle manipulation. The particle migration can be engineered to realize the controllable focusing and separation of particles based on a difference in size. The widespread use of inertial and viscoelastic microfluidics depends on the understanding of hydrodynamic effects on particle motion. This review will summarize the progress in the fundamental mechanisms and key applications of inertial and viscoelastic particle manipulation.
Improved model of optical phonon confinement in silicon nanocrystals (2013)

We develop a model for calculating the Raman scattering spectra from phonons confined in for silicon nanocrystals, which is based on the familiar approach taking into account the uncertainty in the quasi-momentum of phonons localized in the nanocrystals. The model is considerably improved by taking into account dispersion of phonons not only in the magnitude of the quasi-momentum, but also in its direction. A significant refinement of the model is also due to the fact that phonon dispersion is calculated using the widely approved Keating model instead of being approximated by empirical expressions as was done in earlier approaches. The calculations based on this model make it possible to determine the sizes of silicon nanocrystals more precisely from analysis of the experimental Raman spectra.
Software engineering: the current practice (2012)

Software Engineering: The Current Practice teaches students basic software engineering skills and helps practitioners refresh their knowledge and explore recent developments in the field, including software changes and iterative processes of software development. After a historical overview and an introduction to software technology and models, the book discusses the software change and its phases, including concept location, impact analysis, refactoring, actualization, and verification. It then covers the most common iterative processes: agile, directed, and centralized processes. The text also journeys through the initial development of software from scratch to the final stages that lead toward software closedown. For ProfessionalsThe book gives programmers and software managers a unified view of the contemporary practice of software engineering. It shows how various developments fit together and fit into the contemporary software engineering mosaic. The knowledge gained from the book allows practitioners to evaluate and improve the software engineering processes in their projects. For InstructorsInstructors have several options for using this classroom-tested material. Designed to be run in conjunction with the lectures, ideas for student projects include open source programs that use Java or C++ and range in size from 50 to 500 thousand lines of code. These projects emphasize the role of developers in a classroom-tailored version of the directed iterative process (DIP). For StudentsStudents gain a real understanding of software engineering processes through the lectures and projects. They acquire hands-on experience with software of the size and quality comparable to that of industrial software. As is the case in the industry, students work in teams but have individual assignments and accountability.
<title>Rocket-Borne Cryogenic Interferometer Spectrometer Used For An Artificial Auroral Measurement</title> (1980)

A unique flexural pivot mirror translation system was used in the fabrication of a cryogenic Michelson interferometer spectrometer. Uniform cooling was obtained by placing the interferometer inside a convective atmosphere within a liquid nitrogen dewar. The interferometer was flown as part of the EXCEDE SPECTRAL rocket payload which also included electron accelerators to produce artificial auroras. The interferometer successfully measured infrared upper-atmospheric emissions within the spectral range 2.0 to 5.6 μm as induced by the pulsed electron accelerators. Observed emissions include the N2 Wu Benesch infrared system, the N<sub>2</sub> McFarlane infrared system and CO<sub>2</sub>. In addition, H2O outgassing from the payload was observed. The 2 cm<sup>-1</sup> spectral resolution of the interferometer clearly assisted in the unique identification of the dominant emissions based on their characteristic molecular band profiles.
Molecular Characterization of a Superoxide-Generating NAD(P)H Oxidase in the Ventilatory Muscles (2002)

The molecular sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in skeletal muscles are not well understood. We hypothesized that nonphagocyte NAD(P)H oxidase could be a source of ROS in muscle fibers. We thus investigated the existence, structure, and contribution of nonphagocyte NAD(P)H oxidase to ROS production in rat skeletal muscles. ROS production and NAD(P)H oxidase activity were evaluated by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence and NADH consumption rate, whereas enzyme composition was monitored by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. Basal O(-)(2) production in muscle strips from normal rats averaged 1.4 nmol/mg per 10 min and increased to approximately 18 nmol/mg per 10 min in the presence of NADH. Muscle O(-)(2) production and NADH consumption were inhibited by Tiron, superoxide dismutase, apocynin, and diphenyleneiodonium but not by inhibitors of cyclo-oxygenases, xanthine oxidase, nitric oxide synthases (NOS), and mitochondrial enzymes. We detected mRNA and proteins of p22(phox), gp91(phox), p47(phox), and p67(phox) subunits in normal rat muscles. These subunits were localized in close proximity to the sarcolemma. Induction of sepsis in rats doubled muscle O(-)(2) production with no major changes in muscle NADPH oxide subunit expression. In lipopolysaccharide-treated but not in control muscles, O(-)(2) production was increased significantly by NOS inhibition. We conclude that a constitutively active NAD(P)H oxidase enzyme complex exists in normal skeletal muscle fibers and contributes to ROS production. In septic rats, this production is increased but measurable O(-)(2) is reduced by enhanced NO production.
PROBLEME DES NEUEN BUSSGELDTATBESTANDES "HALTEN VOR UND IN AMTLICHE GEKENNZEICHNETEN FEUERWEHRZUFAHRTEN" (1990)

Das Verbot des Haltens vor und in amtlich gekennzeichneten Feuerwehrzufahrten ist neu in die Strassenverkehrsordnung aufgenommen worden. Verstoesse werden als Ordnungswidrigkeit geahndet. An der Vorschrift wird aus mehrfacher Sicht Kritik geuebt, die sich sowohl auf die Formulierung als auch auf die praktische Durchfuehrung bezieht; wegen der geruegten Maengel wird eine praktisch relevante Anwendungsmoeglichkeit verneint.
DECISÃO DE CONSCIÊNCIA (2014)

Aborda o problema da decisão de consciência na ótica da ética da comunicação. O marco teórico adotado permite ver o discurso jurídico como um caso especial de aplicação do discurso moral, o que, evidentemente, justifica a reprodução dos estágios morais de Kohlberg. Apresenta uma visão tripartida dos tipos de autores por convicção/consciência, a saber, autores por convicção, autores por consciência e autores por caráter manipulador ou por consciência coisificada. Finalmente, como o direito penal não se presta à função de polícia de consciências, é dado o conceito das decisões tomadas por cada um dos autores.
Threshold reliability of networks with small failure sets (1995)

Abstract This paper addresses two classes of reliability analysis models: a network flow model and a project scheduling model. In each model, the arcs randomly and independently take on two possible states–an “operating” state and a “failed” state–corresponding to two different capacity/task‐time values, and the network is required to maintain a specified “threshold” max‐flow/project‐completion‐time value. In general, this problem is NP‐hard. We address the special case in which the difference between the lower and higher arc lengths is constant for every arc in the network. For these special cases, we show that if the underlying system is 1‐ critical , i.e., minimally able to withstand a single component failure, then the probability that the system can maintain the required threshold for the flow and planar project scheduling model is computable in polynomial time. Both solutions are obtained by reducing the problems to the problem of determining the probability that the failed arcs in a directed acyclic graph lie on a single path or, equivalently, that the set of failed elements in a given partial order comprises a chain in that order. We also show how the basic approach can be used to generate bounds for systems that are “almost critical”.
STUDIES ON DOG SEMEN (1962)

Summary. Analyses were carried out on the complete and fractionated ejaculates obtained by artificial vagina from three adult dogs. The average value for the hydrogen-ion concentration of the canine ejaculate was pH 6·4, the values for the first, second, and third fractions of the ejaculate being pH 6·2, 6·3 and 6·5, respectively. Analyses of mineral constituents of whole semen and seminal plasma samples showed that the highest concentrations of most of the electrolytes, with the exception of calcium and magnesium, were present in the second fraction of the ejaculate. Whole semen samples were characterized by higher concentrations of potassium, and seminal plasma samples by higher concentrations of sodium. Ionic equilibrium was largely dependent on the balance between sodium and chloride. The semen samples analysed contained seven times as much copper, and twenty times as much zinc as corresponding blood samples. Dog semen was characterized by very low concentrations of fructose. Studies on sperm metabolism, however, showed that dog spermatozoa can utilize added fructose under anaerobic conditions at the same rate as the spermatozoa of species producing a fructose-rich ejaculate. Protein concentrations were higher in whole semen than in seminal plasma samples, the highest concentrations being associated with the sperm-rich fraction. The non-protein nitrogen content of seminal plasma did not increase on incubation. The absorption bands of cytochromes a, b and c were detected in samples of whole dog semen frozen in liquid air in the presence of glycerol. No other haemoprotein spectra were detected. Studies of the respiration rate of dog spermatozoa showed that lactate, even in concentrations resembling those naturally occurring in dog semen, was the only one of twelve different substrates tested that was capable of raising the oxygen uptake of washed sperm-cells to the levels characteristic of the unwashed cells.
Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L3 (Uchl3) is involved in working memory (2005)

Regulated proteolysis by the ubiquitin pathway has been implicated in control of the cell cycle, transcriptional activation, cell fate and growth, and synaptogenesis. The ubiquitin-proteasome system is involved in synaptic plasticity and is proposed to be part of a molecular switch that converts short-term synaptic potentiation to long-term changes in synaptic strength. In Aplysia, a component of the ubiquitin system termed ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (Ap-Uch) has been shown to be essential for long-term facilitation. To examine whether Uch plays a role in learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity in mammals, we have analyzed mice homozygous for a targeted mutation in ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L3 (Uchl3), an orthologue of Ap-Uch. Mice homozygous for the mutation in Uchl3 are viable, with no obvious developmental, histological, or fertility abnormalities. We demonstrate that Uchl3-/- mice have a significant learning deficit relative to wild type littermates in the spatial version of the Morris water maze and the 8-arm radial maze. Further, the impaired performance in the 8-arm radial maze of Uchl3-/- mice is due to significantly increased working memory errors. Examination of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a form of synaptic plasticity thought to underlie memory storage, revealed no significant differences in LTP in hippocampal slices from Uchl3-/- mice. Our results suggest a novel role for ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase enzymes in mammals in spatial learning and working memory.
THE ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDIES ON FIVE WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERIZATION INITIATORS BASED ON THE THIOXANTHONE STRUCTURE (1991)

Abstract Polarographic and spectroscopic studies have been carried out on a set of five photoinitiators based on the thioxanthone structure. Analysis of the obtained results enabled to explain the structural effects on the activity of these photoinitiators and acid - base equilibria occuring in their aqueous solutions.
Codebook Based Beamforming in MIMO Broadcast Channels with Finite Rate Feedback (2009)

In multiple-antenna broadcast channels, if the transmitter has no perfect channel state information (CSI), feedbacks are usually needed from the receivers. When the number of receivers is small, fixed feedback will lead to a sum rate ceiling as the SNR increases. In this paper, we analyze the methods to increase the throughput in codebook based feedback in MIMO broadcast channels. Three codebooks are used for comparison and the results show that, using finer codebook and regularized zero-forcing can increase the system's throughput. However, the sum rate ceiling still exists as long as fixed feedback is used. Feedback bits increase along with SNR seems to be the only way to solve this problem.
O Sistema Complexo de Produção do Sector da Construção Civil na Região do Algarve (2005)

A inovação tecnológica constitui um factor determinante para a competitividade, identificando-se como um fenómeno complexo, interactivo e dinâmico, assente num processo que abrange uma grande diversidade de actores e é fortemente influenciado pelas especificidades sectoriais. Tem sido concedida pouca atenção à inovação tecnológica no contexto particular do sector da construção civil, não obstante a sua conhecida importância na economia. Em resultado de um conjunto de entrevistas a responsáveis por empresas com sede na região do Algarve, identificaram-se os principais factores que do ponto de vista da empresa influenciam a actividade inovadora, tendo sido prestada particular atenção aos padrões de interacção entre empresas, fornecedores, clientes, à identificação das estratégias, ao papel das entidades produtoras de investigação, à influência da formação e à relevância do sistema financeiro e do quadro regulador.
Mechanism of Ba<sup>2+</sup> block of a mouse inwardly rectifying K<sup>+</sup> channel: differential contribution by two discrete residues (2001)

1. The block of the IRK1/Kir2.1 inwardly rectifying K+ channel by a Ba(2+) ion is highly voltage dependent, where the ion binds approximately half-way within the membrane electrical field. The mechanism by which two distinct mutations, E125N and T141A, affect Ba(2+) block of Kir2.1 was investigated using heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes. 2. Analysis of the blocking kinetics showed that E125 and T141 affect the entry and binding of Ba(2+) to the channel, respectively. Replacing the glutamate at position 125 with an asparagine greatly decreased the rate at which the Ba(2+) ions enter and leave the pore. In contrast, replacing the polar threonine at position 141 with an alanine affected the entry rate of the Ba(2+) ions while leaving the exit rate unchanged. 3. Acidification of the extracellular solution slowed the exit rate of the Ba(2+) from the wild-type channel, but had no such effect on the Kir2.1(E125N) mutant. 4. These results thus reveal two unique roles for the amino acids at positions 125 and 141 in aiding the interaction of Ba(2+) with the channel. Their possible roles in K+ permeation are discussed.
Pinealectomy Aggravates and Melatonin Administration Attenuates Brain Damage in Focal Ischemia (1999)

Large infarcts develop in pinealectomized rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion, which was attributed to loss of antioxidant action of melatonin. However, melatonin also has vascular actions, and pinealectomy may induce hypertension. The authors investigated (1) whether hemodynamic factors contribute to infarct development in pinealectomized rats, (2) whether melatonin administration can reverse the unfavorable effect of pinealectomy on infarct formation, and (3) whether melatonin can reduce the infarct volume in nonpinealectomized rats subjected to focal transient ischemia (2 hours middle cerebral artery occlusion, 22 hours reperfusion). Rats were pinealectomized 3 months before ischemia to eliminate any possible action of pinealectomy-induced hypertension on stroke. Blood pressure and regional CBF values during ischemia and reperfusion were not significantly different between pinealectomized and sham-operated rats, suggesting that pinealectomy-induced increase in infarct was not related to hemodynamic factors. The infarct volume resumed to the level of sham-operated rats on melatonin administration. Injection of melatonin (4 mg/kg) before both ischemia and reperfusion reduced infarct volume by 40% and significantly improved neurologic deficit scores in pinealectomized as well as sham-operated rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion. These data suggest that physiologic melatonin release as well as exogenously given melatonin has a neuroprotective action in focal cerebral ischemia.
Information metric as a design tool for optoelectronic imaging systems (2000)

The resolution of images acquired by a digital camera is limited to the camera's sampling interval. The images' visual quality is affected by the level of the degradations caused by the imaging process from acquisition to display, including quantization, coding, transmission, and digital filtering. The information metric is presented as a design and an assessment tool for high-resolution digital imaging systems and all their subsystems. It associates gains in the acquired information with improvements in resolution, sharpness, and clarity of the final image representation. It demonstrates the need to integrate a digital filtering module that accounts for the optoelectronic imaging degradations in the optoelectronic imaging design and assessment. It further demonstrates the metric's sensitivity by the assessment of the combined imaging processes as a unified system.