gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional mantle convection simulations using an internal state variable model: the role of a history dependent rheology on mantle convection (2011)

We apply the Bammann inelastic internal state variable model (BIISV) to a mantle convection code TERRA2D to investigate the influence of a history dependent solid mechanics model on mantle convection. We compare and contrast the general purpose BIISV model to the commonly used power-law model. We implemented the BIISV model using a radial return algorithm and tested it against previously published mantle convection simulation results for verification. Model constants for the BIISV are used based on experimental stress–strain behaviour found in the literature. After implementation we give illustrative simulation examples were the BIISV produces hardened areas on the cold thermal boundary layer that the power-law model cannot produce. The hardened boundary layers divert material downward giving a plausible reason for the current subduction zones that are present on the Earth.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐trans‐2,5‐Dialkylpyrrolidines from the Lukes‐Sorm Dilactam: Efficient Preparation of (.+‐.)‐trans‐2‐Butyl‐5‐heptylpyrrolidine and Analogs Present in Ant Venoms. (1988)

Abstract Starting from the Lukes‐Sorm dilactam (I) the preparation of (±)‐trans‐2‐butyl‐5‐heptylpyrrolidine (VIa) is accomplished in seven steps and in an overall yield of 6%.
On the high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometric measurement of 40K in natural and synthetic materials (2005)

Many regulatory agencies require that all building materials and industrial waste be tested for their naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) concentrations before they can be used or thrown away. Usually the NORM concentrations of 40K, 232Th and 238U are measured by gamma-ray spectrometry using high-purity germanium or NaI(Tl) detectors. 40K is measured through its 1460.8 keV gamma line, which is mixed with 1459.2 keV line of 228Ac from the chain of 232Th. This fact ignored till now, requires a correction in the computation of 40K concentration. Although in many cases the error is <1%, there are cases where there have been higher errors. It should be emphasised that even if the correction in 40K concentration is large, the correction of the external dose index is negligible owing to the weighing factor being higher for 232Th than for 40K (by at least a factor of 10).
MDS Array Codes for Correcting Criss-Cross Errors (1997)

We present a family of MDS array codes of size (p \\Gamma 1) \\Theta (p \\Gamma 1), p a prime number, and minimum criss-cross distance 3, i.e., the code is capable of correcting any row or column in error, without apriori knowledge of what type of error occurred. The complexity of the encoding and decoding algorithms is lower than that of known codes with the same error-correcting power, since our algorithms are based on exclusiveOR operations over lines of different slopes, as opposed to algebraic operations over a finite field. We also provide efficient encoding and decoding algorithms for errors and erasures. Supported in part by the NSF Young Investigator Award CCR-9457811 and by the Sloan Research Fellowship. 1 Introduction In this paper we describe 2-dimensional array codes that can correct errors given by either a row or a column in error (without apriori knowledge of which one occurred). There exist codes that can do so. Moreover, the known codes are stronger in the sense tha...
Electroanatomic Substrate of Idiopathic Left Ventricular Tachycardia (2002)

In patients with ILVT, abnormal retroPP within the posterior Purkinje fiber network is a common finding. The earliest retroPP critical for ILVT substrate can be used for guiding successful ablation.
Design criteria for accurate measurement of bimolecular radical termination rate coefficients via the RAFT-CLD-T method (2008)

The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer chain length dependent termination (RAFT-CLD-T) technique allows a simple experimental approach to obtain chain-lengthdependent termination rate coefficients as a function of conversion, kt i,i(x). This work provides a set of criteria by which accurate kt i,i (x) can be obtained using the RAFT-CLD-T method. Visualization of three-dimensional plots varying all kinetic rate parameters and starting concentrations demonstrates that only certain combinations give an accurate extraction of kt i,i (x). The current study provides hands-on guidelines for experimentalists applying the RAFT-CLD-T method. © 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
Functional Capabilities of an <i>N</i>-Formyl Peptide Receptor−G<sub>α</sub><sub>i</sub><sub>2</sub> Fusion Protein:  Assemblies with G Proteins and Arrestins (2003)

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) must constantly compete for interactions with G proteins, kinases, and arrestins. To evaluate the interactions of these proteins with GPCRs in greater detail, we generated a fusion protein between the N-formyl peptide receptor and the G(alpha)(i2) protein. The functional capabilities of this chimeric protein were determined both in vivo, in stably transfected U937 cells, and in vitro, using a novel reconstitution system of solubilized components. The chimeric protein exhibited a cellular ligand binding affinity indistinguishable from that of the wild-type receptor and existed as a complex, when solubilized, containing betagamma subunits, as demonstrated by sucrose density sedimentation. The chimeric protein mobilized intracellular calcium and desensitized normally in response to agonist. Furthermore, the chimeric receptor was internalized and recycled at rates similar to those of the wild-type FPR. Confocal fluorescence microscopy revealed that internalized chimeric receptors, as identified with fluorescent ligand, colocalized with arrestin, as well as G protein, unlike wild-type receptors. Soluble reconstitution experiments demonstrated that the chimeric receptor, even in the phosphorylated state, existed as a high ligand affinity G protein complex, in the absence of exogenous G protein. This interaction was only partially prevented through the addition of arrestins. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the GTP-bound state of the G protein alpha subunit displays no detectable affinity for the receptor. Together, these results indicate that complex interactions exist between GPCRs, in their unphosphorylated and phosphorylated states, G proteins, and arrestins, which result in the highly regulated control of GPCR function.
Paleontological and Geochemical Signals of Paleoproductivity from Black Shales and Carbonate/Phosphate Concretions: Case Study from the Middle Jurassic of the Carpathians (Poland and Slovakia) (1996)

Paleontological and Geochemical Signals of Paleoproductivity from Black Shales and Carbonate/Phosphate Concretions: Case Study from the Middle Jurassic of the Carpathians (Poland and Slovakia) - Volume 8
A dinuclear [{(p-cym)Ru<sup>II</sup>Cl}<sub>2</sub>(μ-bpytz˙<sup>−</sup>)]<sup>+</sup> complex bridged by a radical anion: synthesis, spectroelectrochemical, EPR and theoretical investigation (bpytz = 3,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)1,2,4,5-tetrazine; p-cym = p-cymene) (2016)

The reaction of the chloro-bridged dimeric precursor [{(p-cym)Ru(II)Cl}(μ-Cl)]2 (p-cym = p-cymene) with the bridging ligand 3,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (bpytz) in ethanol results in the formation of the dinuclear complex [{(p-cym)Ru(II)Cl}2(μ-bpytz˙(-))](+), [1](+). The bridging tetrazine ligand is reduced to the anion radical (bpytz˙(-)) which connects the two Ru(II) centres. Compound [1](PF6) has been characterised by an array of spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The radical anion character has been confirmed by magnetic moment (corresponding to one electron paramagnetism) measurement, EPR spectroscopic investigation (tetrazine radical anion based EPR spectrum) as well as density functional theory based calculations. Complex [1](+) displays two successive one electron oxidation processes at 0.66 and 1.56 V versus Ag/AgCl which can be attributed to [{(p-cym)Ru(II)C}2(μ-bpytz˙(-))](+)/[{(p-cym)Ru(II)Cl}2(μ-bpytz)](2+) and [{(p-cym)Ru(II)Cl}2(μ-bpytz)](+)/[{(p-cym)Ru(III)Cl}2(μ-bpytz)](2+) processes (couples I and II), respectively. The reduction processes (couple III-couple V), which are irreversible, likely involve the successive reduction of the bridging ligand and the metal centres together with loss of the coordinated chloride ligands. UV-Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemical investigation reveals typical tetrazine radical anion containing bands for [1](+) and a strong absorption in the visible region for the oxidized form [1](2+), which can be assigned to a Ru(II) → π* (tetrazine) MLCT transition. The assignment of spectroscopic bands was confirmed by theoretical calculations.
Blade health monitoring and diagnosis method to enhance operational safety of wind turbine (2014)

In order to monitor blade health and detect any damage efficiently, a new diagnosis method for wind turbine blades was proposed. In consideration of harsh environments of a wind turbine rotor, high-resolution real-time blade condition monitoring was realized with the use of optic sensors and a wireless network. A hybrid algorithm, which merges a statistical method with model information, was introduced to overcome the weakness of each method. In addition, alarm limits are determined through a machine learning algorithm to enhance its reliability. The proposed algorithm was embedded in the Blade Health Monitoring and Integrity Evaluation System and was verified at a 3MW wind turbine of the Yeongheung wind farm.
On the dynamics of vector quantization and neural gas (2007)

Abstract. A large variety of machine learning models which aim at vector quantization have been proposed. However, only very preliminary rigorous mathematical analysis concerning their learning behavior such as convergence speed, robustness with respect to initialization, etc. exists. In this paper, we use the theory of on-line learning for an exact mathematical description of the training dynamics of Vector Quantization mechanisms in model situations. We study update rules including the basic Winner-Takes-All mechanism and the Rank-Based update of the popular Neural Gas network. We investigate a model with three competing prototypes trained from a mixture of Gaussian clusters and compare performances in terms of dynamics, sensitivity to initial conditions and asymptotic results. We demonstrate that rank-based Neural Gas achieves both robustness to initial conditions and best asymptotic quantization error. 1
NIMG-02. PACS-INTEGRATED AUTO-SEGMENTATION WORKFLOW FOR BRAIN METASTASES USING NNU-NET (2022)

Abstract PURPOSE Monitoring metastatic disease to the brain is laborious and time-consuming, especially in the setting of multiple metastases and when performed manually. Response assessment in brain metastases based on maximal unidimensional diameter as per the RANO-BM guideline is commonly performed1, however, accurate volumetric lesion estimates can be crucial for clinical decision-making2 and enhance outcome prediction3. We propose a deep learning (DL)-based auto-segmentation approach with the potential for improvement of time-efficiency, reproducibility and robustness against inter-rater variability. Materials and METHODS We retrospectively retrieved 259 patients with a total number of 916 lesions from our institutional database from 2014 - 2021. Patients with prior history of local radiation therapy or surgery were excluded. Manually generated trainee segmentations were revised and adjusted by a board-certified radiologist and served as ground truth for evaluation of segmentation accuracy. Model performance was tested via dice-similarity-coefficient (DSC). Volumetric measurements were then obtained within our PACS-integrated workflow on Visage 7 (Visage Imaging, Inc., San Diego, CA) at the click of one button. RESULTS For model training and evaluation, a train-test split of 90:10 on patient-level was performed (n= 234:25 (Patients), n= 861:55 (Lesions). A DL-algorithm (nnUNet) was incrementally trained on 10 batches of 23 patients. The DSC of the U-Net gradually increased throughout the training process and heuristically reached a plateau of 0.85. The sensitivity of the algorithm was 83% with detection of 46 out of 55 lesions in the testing dataset. The lesions that were not detected by the algorithm were below 5 mm in size. The false positive rate was 8% (n=4/50). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates the feasibility of PACS-based integration of automatized segmentation workflows of brain metastases. An incremental-training approach is recommended to adapt DL algorithms to specific hospital settings.
Immediate Reconstruction of Mandibular Defects With a Composite Sternocleidomastoid Musculoclavicular Graft (1981)

The problem of mandibular reconstruction has been approached using many surgical techniques. This article studies one such approach--reconstruction using full-thickness clavicle pedicled on the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Five patients with stage II and stage III carcinoma of the anterior part of the floor of the mouth were treated with mandibular resection and neck dissection. The resulting defects were immediately reconstructed with the clavicle-sternocleidomastoid muscle technique. The patients were observed from one to three years and were examined postoperatively with technetium Tc 99m medronate scans, which demonstrated the grafts to be viable. The technique proved reliable in a limited clinical trial.
Machining feature extraction for casting parts (2003)

An approach to extract machining features for casting parts is presented. It is capable of recognizing interacting machining features. There are five phases in the recognition process: Boolean difference of the final part model and the raw part; identification of machining faces (M‐faces) from the final part model and the raw part model; decomposition of the removed simple volumes into delta simple volumes based on M‐faces; gluing the delta simple volumes into sets of feasible simple volumes based on M‐faces; testing. This strategy is process‐oriented and feature‐independent. It recognizes all features that can be produced by common machining operations in a uniform way and produces alternative sets of machining features.
Some  -Adrenergic Responses to Administration of d,l-Isoproterenol to Turkeys (1976)

Acute administration of d,l-isoproterenol (50 μg/kg body wt, sc) to turkeys was accompanied by a significant increase in water intake which occurred within 1 h after treatment. This dose of d,l-isoproterenol also induced a copious, watery urine excretion. Acute administration of d,l-isoproterenol (200 μg/kg body wt, sc) increased the temperature of the skin of the left thigh within 10 min after treatment. Skin temperature reached maximal levels within 40 to 60 min after treatment. Heart rate of turkeys administered d,l-isoproterenol (200 μg/kg body wt, sc) increased approximately 100 beats per minute within 25 min after treatment. With the exception of the diuresis, the turkey responds to administration of isoproterenol in the same fashion as the mammal.
Megawatt Peak Power, kHz Repetition Rate at 532 nm Using [100]-Cut Nd:YAG Microchip Laser (2013)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. Bhandari and T. Taira, "Megawatt Peak Power, kHz Repetition Rate at 532 nm Using [100]-Cut Nd:YAG Microchip Laser," in Advanced Solid-State Lasers Congress, G. Huber and P. Moulton, eds., OSA Technical Digest (online) (Optica Publishing Group, 2013), paper AF2A.8. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Logics which capture complexity classes over the reals (1999)

Abstract In this paper we deal with the logical description of complexity classes arising in the real number model of computation introduced by Blum, Shub, and Smale [4]. We adapt the approach of descriptive complexity theory for this model developped in [14] and extend it to capture some further complexity classes over the reals by logical means. Among the latter we find NC ℝ , PAR ℝ , EXP ℝ and some others more.
A Phenotypic Spectrum of Sexual Development in Dax1 (Nr0b1)-Deficient Mice: Consequence of the C57BL/6J Strain on Sex Determination1 (2008)

Nuclear receptor subfamily 0, group B, member 1 (Nr0b1; hereafter referred to as Dax1) is an orphan nuclear receptor that regulates adrenal and gonadal development. Dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, critical region on the X chromosome, gene 1 (Dax1) mutations in the mouse are sensitive to genetic background. In this report, a spectrum of impaired gonadal differentiation was observed as a result of crossing the Dax1 knockout on the 129SvIm/J strain onto the C57BL/6J strain over two generations of breeding. Dax1-mutant XY mice of a mixed genetic background (129;B6Dax1(-/Y) [101 total]) developed gonads that were predominantly testislike (n = 61), ovarianlike (n = 27), or as intersex (n = 13). During embryonic development, Sox9 expression in the gonads of 129;B6Dax1(-/Y) mutants was distributed across a wide quantitative range, and a threshold level of Sox9 (>0.4-fold of wild-type) was associated with testis development. Germ cell fate also varied widely, with meiotic germ cells being more prevalent in the ovarianlike regions of embryonic gonads, but also observed within testicular tissue. Ptgds, a gene associated with Sox9 expression and Sertoli cell development, was markedly downregulated in Dax1(-/Y) mice. Stra8, a gene associated with germ cell meiosis, was upregulated in Dax1(-/Y) mice. In both cases, the changes in gene expression also occurred in pure 129 mice but were amplified in the B6 genetic background. Sertoli cell apoptosis was prevalent in 129;B6Dax1(-/Y) gonads. In summary, Dax1 deficiency on a partial B6 genetic background results in further modulation of gene expression changes that affect both Sertoli cell and germ cell fate, leading to a phenotypic spectrum of gonadal differentiation.
Stromal Cells Derived from Visceral and Obese Adipose Tissue Promote Growth of Ovarian Cancers (2015)

Obesity, and in particular visceral obesity, has been associated with an increased risk of developing cancers as well as higher rates of mortality following diagnosis. The impact of obesity on adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC), which contribute to the formation of tumor stroma, is unknown. Here we hypothesized that visceral source and diet-induced obesity (DIO) changes the ASC phenotype, contributing to the tumor promoting effects of obesity. We found that ASC isolated from subcutaneous (SC-ASC) and visceral (V-ASC) white adipose tissue(WAT) of lean(Le) and obese(Ob) mice exhibited similar mesenchymal cell surface markers expression, and had comparable effects on ovarian cancer cell proliferation and migration. Obese and visceral derived ASC proliferated slower and exhibited impaired differentiation into adipocytes and osteocytes in vitro as compared to ASC derived from subcutaneous WAT of lean mice. Intraperitoneal co-injection of ovarian cancer cells with obese or visceral derived ASC, but not lean SC-ASC, increased growth of intraperitoneal ID8 tumors as compared to controls. Obese and V-ASC increased stromal infiltration of inflammatory cells, including CD3+ T cells and F4/80+ macrophages. Obese and visceral derived ASC, but not lean SC-ASC, increased expression of chemotactic factors IL-6, MIP-2, and MCP-1 when cultured with tumor cells. Overall, these results demonstrate that obese and V-ASC have a unique phenotype, with more limited proliferation and differentiation capacity but enhanced expression of chemotactic factors in response to malignant cells which support infiltration of inflammatory cells and support tumor growth and dissemination.
Delivery of Topical Anesthesia (1996)

Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 22(2):p 155, March 1996. | DOI: 10.1016/S0886-3350(96)80207-0
An open channel coordination framework sustained by cooperative primary and secondary sphere interactions (2002)

A three-dimensional coordination solid is presented in which every metal ion is stabilized by both primary and secondary sphere interactions to form an open channel structure.
The Phenylacetyl Group—The First Amino Protecting Group That Can Be Removed Enzymatically from Oligonucleotides in Solution and on a Solid Support (1997)

Penicillin G acylase from E. coli was used to cleave the phenylacetyl group—the first enzyme‐labile protecting group for the amino function of nucleobases. Now protected oligonucleotides can be unmasked both in solution and on solid supports with this versatile enyzme under mild conditions (pH 7, room temperature). These results may lead to the development of new enzymatic reactions in oligonucleotide and solid‐phase chemistry as well as in combinatorial chemistry.
BRCA1: a movement toward cancer prevention (2015)

Breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) was first identified in 1994 and has since been shown to encode a tumor suppressor protein that maintains genetic stability through DNA damage response pathways. Carriers of mutations in BRCA1 are predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer; however, their cancers lack the targets for existing anticancer drugs. We describe a novel chemoprevention approach that uses DNA repair-activating agents to enhance the repair of oxidative DNA damage and, in turn, prevent tumorigenesis in the presence of mutant BRCA1.
Synthese neuer 5-Cycloaminopyridazin-3(2H)-one mit 4 Carbaldehydoxim Funktion als potentielle Inhibitoren der humanen SSAO (2009)

Im Zuge der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden neue 5-Cycloaminopyridazin-3(2H)-one mit 4-Carbaldehydoxim-Funktion zugänglich gemacht. Dabei fungieren 4-Methylpiperazin und Pyridin als cyclische tertiäre Amin-Substituenten in Position 5 des Heteroaromaten. Die Strukturen lehnen sich an verwandte Pyridin-Derivate mit bekannter Hemmwirkung auf verschiedene Aminoxidasen an, ihr Design basiert auf Ergebnissen früherer Untersuchungen, die vermuten lassen, dass die Carbaldehydoximgruppe am Heteroaromaten eine Hemmwirkung auf die Semicarbazid-sensitive Aminoxidase (SSAO) ausübt. Diese Erkenntnis, verknüpft mit dem Austausch des Pyridinrings durch einen Pyridazin-Heteroaromaten, dem Prinzip der Bioisosterie folgend, steht im Zentrum der durchgeführten Untersuchungen. Die zwei Zielverbindungen (12) und (16) wurden auf ihre Hemmwirkung auf humane SSAO getestet. Dabei zeigte sich, dass eine Hemmwirkung erst in höheren Konzentrationen einsetzt. Desweiteren kann festgehalten werden, dass die Verbindung mit einem Piperidinylrest in Position 5 bei der Testung eine deutlichere Hemmwirkung aufweist als als das Analogon mit einem N-Methylpiperazinylrest. Auch wenn sich diese Verbindungen nicht als Leitstrukturen herausgestellt haben, liefern die Ergebnisse dennoch ergänzende Informationen, die zu einem besseren Verständnis der Struktur-Wirkungs-Beziehungen von SSAO-Inhibitoren führen und die Synthese neuer Wirkstoffe mit verbesserter Wirksamkeit erleichtern könnten.
Cytocompatibility of the ready‐to‐use bioceramic putty repair cement iRoot BP Plus with primary human osteoblasts (2012)

iRoot and MTA were biocompatible and did not induce critical cytotoxic effects.
Coexistence of Terrestrial and HAP 3G Networks during Disaster Scenarios (2008)

The aim of this paper is to show the possible coexistence of an HAP and a terrestrial component of 3G networks at a single carrier frequency. The main goal is to compare the basic parameters of terrestrial and HAP com-ponent 3G networks modeled in suburban (macrocell) and urban (macro/microcell) areas and to demonstrate the way they impact on each other. This study should present what we assume are the better capabilities of HAP 3G networks compared to their terrestrial counterparts. The parameters of the HAP and terrestrial component of 3G networks, were the terrestrial cells to be disabled during disasters, are also presented.