gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
User-centered design in the context of large and distributed projects (2006)

User-centered design (UCD) is a research and product development orientation that utilizes end user or customer information for making better (efficient, usable, enjoyable etc.) and thus commercially successful products. In practice, this is achieved by involving the end user early on, and maintaining this orientation throughout the developmental project.This paper presents lessons learned in EU IST project MobiLife about the management of user-centered design. We reflect best practices of UCD in a setting consisting of complex technological problems being solved by large coalition of geographically distributed partners.
From body space to interaction space: modeling spatial cooperation for virtual humans (2011)

This paper introduces a model which connects representations of the space surrounding a virtual humanoid's body with the space it shares with several interaction partners. This work intends to support virtual humans (or humanoid robots) in near space interaction and is inspired by studies from cognitive neurosciences on the one hand and social interaction studies on the other hand. We present our work on learning the body structure of an articulated virtual human by using data from virtual touch and proprioception sensors. The results are utilized for a representation of its reaching space, the so-called peripersonal space. In interpersonal interaction involving several partners, their peripersonal spaces may overlap and establish a shared reaching space. We define it as their interaction space, where cooperation takes place and where actions to claim or release spatial areas have to be adapted, to avoid obstructions of the other's movements. Our model of interaction space is developed as an extension of Kendon's F-formation system, a foundational theory of how humans orient themselves in space when communicating. Thus, interaction space allows for analyzing the spatial arrangement (i.e., body posture and orientation) between multiple interaction partners and the extent of space they share. Peripersonal and interaction space are modeled as potential fields to control the virtual human's behavior strategy. As an example we show how the virtual human can relocate object positions toward or away from locations reachable for all partners, and thus influencing the degree of cooperation in an interaction task.
Broadband Hybrid Holographic Multiplexing with Geometric Metasurfaces (2015)

An effective way for broadband holographic multiplexing based on geometric metasurfaces is demonstrated by the integration of several recording channels into a single device. Each image can be individually addressed with a unique set of parameters, such as circular polarization, position, and angle. Such a technique paves the way for a wide range of applications related to optical patterning, encryption, and information processing.
An underwater system for explosive detection (2007)

Once the presence of the anomaly on the bottom of the shallow coastal sea water is confirmed it is necessary to establish if it contains explosive charge. This could be performed by using neutron sensor installed within an underwater vessel - "surveyor". When positioned above the object, or to its side, the system inspects the object for the presence of the explosive by using neutrons from the sealed tube d+t neutron generator. In order to evaluate various components and geometries a test basin containing sea water and sand was constructed. Components of the neutron sensor were placed inside a waterproof stainless steel box which could be moved up and down inside the basin. Measurements were performed by neutron generators with and without detection of associated alpha particles. Low energy resolution gamma detectors (BGO and NaI) were used. The sensor using neutron generator with detection of associated alpha particles was found to have a superior performance since the detection of alpha particles defines the neutron beam which helps the reduction of the background. The most common military explosives are characterized by H, C, N, O concentration values. Whole spectrum signature could be used for the identification of the materials investigated.
Poly(tertiary phosphines and arsines). 15. Some polyphosphines with terminal dialkylamino and alkoxy groups (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPoly(tertiary phosphines and arsines). 15. Some polyphosphines with terminal dialkylamino and alkoxy groupsR. B. King and W. F. MaslerCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 12, 4001–4008Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00454a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00454a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views396Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Digging up the Earliest Astronomical Observatory in China (2007)

At the town of Taosi,the county of Xiangfen,Shanxi province the earliest (up to date about 4000 years ago) astronomical observatory and sacrificial altar relic was dug up,which consists of an observing site,some tamped soil columniations and slits between those columniations,This construction was used to observe the variations of the sunrise azimuth and determine the tropical year length in order to constitute the calendar.It is indicated from the simulated observations that the two slits located in the southeast and the northeast could be precisely used to determine the dates of the Winter Solstice and the Summer Solstice.Between those two slits there are 10 columniations which could indicate that the visual Sun moving from the one columniation to another is a solar term.It implies that in the Emperor Yao time the calendar was the solar calendar in which one year was divided into 20 solar terms.The Yin-Yang five-element calendar,that is,10-month solar calendar in the very ancient time was based on this calendar.
Calculating binomial probabilities when the trial probabilities are unequal (1982)

The problem of computing binomial probabilities when the trial probabilities are unequal is investigated. An algorithm for computing such probabilities is formulated by expanding the probability generating function and collecting the appropriate coefficients via a recursive scheme. Various examples are given, and comparisons are made with calculations of such probabilities using the probability distribution.
The hepatitis B virus post-transcriptional regulatory element contains two conserved RNA stem-loops which are required for function (1998)

Human Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) RNAs contain a cis -acting sequence, the post-transcriptional regulatory element (HPRE), which facilitates the cytoplasmic localization of intronless transcripts. Our previous studies have shown that the HPRE is composed of at least two independent sub-elements, HPREalpha and HPREbeta, which co-activate a reporter for RNA export in a greater than additive manner. Utilizing deletion, mutation and co-variational analyses, we have identified three regions important for full HPRE activity. The three separate regions of the HPRE function can function independently in a dose-dependent manner when multimerized. Two of these regions contain stem loops, HSLalpha and HSLbeta1, which are necessary for full HPRE function. These structures are conserved throughout the mammalian Hepadnaviruses. Disruption of either stem-loop structure by mutagenesis decreases HPRE function while compensatory mutations restore activity. The location of the stem-loops in the genome reveal that they are present in all of the HBV transcripts. HSLalpha and HSLbeta1 are likely to contain the binding sites for the cellular factor(s) which mediates HPRE function.
Analysis of polymorphic variation in drug metabolism: I. Kernal density estimation. (1994)

Kernel density estimation was examined as an objective, nonparametric approach to the detection of polymorphic variation in distributions containing multiple complex data sets. Power curves were constructed for the kernel density estimate based on its ability to detect worked bimodality in stimulated distributions as a function of the distribution size, the fraction contained within a particular subdistribution, and the location of the mean of that subdistribution with respect to the mean of the overall distribution. Comparisons were then made between kernel density estimation and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of maximal differences. Results showed that kernel density estimation performed as well or better than the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and offered a number of advantages, including identification of the frequency and placement of individual modes and antimodes. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, on the other hand, examined normality of a distribution rather than modality or inherent polymorphism, and the outcome was highly dependent on the subdistribution location and total distribution size. We conclude that kernel density estimation is an excellent method for analysis of polymorphic variation in drug metabolism.
SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE `MENSTRUAL STIMULANT' SUBSTANCES <i>A</i> 1 AND <i>A</i> 2 (1963)

Summary. The `menstrual stimulant Component A' substances, which have now been identified as certain prostaglandins, generally stimulate smooth-muscle preparations but may inhibit the human myometrium in certain circumstances. A tentative re-assessment of their physiological significance is suggested.
A security analysis of the OAuth protocol (2013)

The OAuth 2.0 authorization protocol standardises delegated authorization on the Web. Popular social networks such as Facebook, Google and Twitter implement their APIs based on the OAuth protocol to enhance user experience of social sign-on and social sharing. The intermediary authorization code can be potentially leaked during the transmission, which then may lead to its abuse. This paper uses an attacker model to study the security vulnerabilities of the OAuth 2.0 protocol. The experimental results show that common attacks such as replay attacks, impersonation attacks and forced-login CSRF attacks are capable of compromising the resources protected by the OAuth 2.0 protocol. The paper presents a systematic analysis of the potential root causes of the disclosed vulnerabilities.
Synthesis of a 39-peptide and a 25-peptide by thiol capture ligations: observation of a 40-fold rate acceleration of the intramolecular O,N-acyl-transfer reaction between peptide fragments bearing only cysteine protective groups (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of a 39-peptide and a 25-peptide by thiol capture ligations: observation of a 40-fold rate acceleration of the intramolecular O,N-acyl-transfer reaction between peptide fragments bearing only cysteine protective groupsD. S. Kemp and Robert I. CareyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 8, 2216–2222Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00060a043https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00060a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views736Altmetric-Citations95LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein-(1–36) Stimulates Renal Tubular Calcium Reabsorption in Normal Human Volunteers: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy1 (2001)

All would agree that hypercalcemia occurs among patients with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) as a result of osteoclastic bone resorption. Some studies suggest that enhanced renal calcium reabsorption, which plays an important pathophysiological role in the hypercalcemia occurring in primary hyperparathyroidism, is also important pathophysiologically in HHM. Other studies have not agreed. In large part, these differences result from the inability to accurately assess creatinine and calcium clearance in critically ill subjects with HHM. To circumvent these issues, we have developed steady state 48-h PTH-related protein (PTHrP) infusion and 8-h hypercalcemic calcium clamp protocols. These techniques allow assessment of the effects of steady state PTHrP and calcium infusions in normal healthy volunteers in a setting in which renal function is stable and measurable and in which the filtered load of calcium can be matched in PTHrP- and calcium-infused subjects. Normal subjects were infused with saline (placebo), PTHrP, or calcium. Subjects receiving PTHrP, as expected, displayed mild hypercalcemia (10.2 mg/dL), suppression of endogenous PTH-(1--84), and phosphaturia. Subjects receiving the hypercalcemic calcium clamp displayed indistinguishable degrees of hypercalcemia and PTH suppression. Despite their matched degrees of hypercalcemia and PTH suppression, the two groups differed importantly with regard to fractional calcium excretion (FECa). The hypercalcemic calcium clamp group was markedly hypercalciuric (FECa averaged 6.5%), whereas FECa in the PTHrP-infused subjects was approximately 50% lower (between 2.5--3.7%), and no different from that in the normal controls, which ranged from 1.5--3.0%. These studies demonstrate that PTHrP is able to stimulate renal calcium reabsorption in healthy volunteers. These studies suggest that PTHrP-induced renal calcium reabsorption, in concert with the well established acceleration of osteoclastic bone resorption, contributes in a significant way to the hypercalcemia observed in patients with HHM.
The data-document distinction in information retrieval (1984)

article Free Access Share on The data-document distinction in information retrieval Author: David C. Blair Univ. of Michigan, Ann Arbor Univ. of Michigan, Ann ArborView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 27Issue 4April 1984pp 369–374https://doi.org/10.1145/358027.358049Published:01 April 1984Publication History 21citation500DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations21Total Downloads500Last 12 Months39Last 6 weeks8 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Improving resistance and resiliency through crisis intervention training. (2012)

To our knowledge no research has been done on the impact of crisis intervention training programs on resistance and resiliency. This paper describes the use of a localized crisis intervention course and its impact on resistance and resiliency in the participants after 2 days of training. Participants attending the localized version of ICISF Individual Crisis Intervention and Peer Support courses participated in a pre-course quiz and a post-course quiz. The overall resistance and resiliency scores improved at the end of the localized 2-Day Individual Crisis Intervention and Peer Support course. Organizations should view the training of employees in mental health and crisis intervention as contributing to the overall resiliency of the organization, in addition to providing services that facilitate the resilience and recovery of employees affected by personal or workplace stress or critical incidents.
Multiple Sequence Alignment Containing a Sequence of Regular Expressions (2005)

A classical algorithm for the pairwise sequence alignment is the Smith Waterman algorithm which uses dynamic programming. The algorithm computes the maximum score of alignments that use insertions, deletions, and substitutions, with no consideration given in composition of the alignments. However, biologists favor applying their knowledge about common structures or functions into the alignment process. For alignment of protein sequences, several methods have been suggested for taking into account the motifs (a restricted regular expression) from the PROSITE database to guide alignments. One method modifies the Smith Waterman dynamic programming solution to reward alignments that contain matching motifs. Another method introduces the regular expression constrained sequence alignment problem in which pairwise alignments are constrained to contain a given regular expression. This latter method constructs a weighted finite automaton from a given regular expression, and presents a dynamic programming solution that simulates copies of this automaton in seeking an alignment with maximum score containing the regular expression. We generalize this approach: 1) We introduce a variation of the problem for multiple sequences, namely the regular expression constrained multiple sequence alignment, and present an algorithm for it; 2) We develop an algorithm for the case of the problem when the alignments sought are required to contain a given sequence of regular expressions.
Fast, functional prototypes via multiphase jet solidification (1995)

Rapid prototyping (RP) systems were designed to reduce the time taken to develop new products, and, today, available RP systems work with different techniques using paper, polymers and waxes. In order to fulfil the demand for the direct production of metallic prototypes for functional application and testing, the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Materials Research (IFAM) has developed a new process, named “multiphase jet solidification (MJS)”, which is able to produce metallic or ceramic parts. The MJS process uses low‐melting alloys or a powder‐binder mixture which is squeezed out through a computer‐controlled nozzle. Parts are manufactured layer by layer and the “green parts” are debinded and sintered to reach final density. Presents experiences of using this new technique, along with some results.
Determination of the Epitope of an Inhibitory Antibody to Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (1996)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is an essential component for the normal processive DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase delta and is also required for DNA excision repair. Human PCNA autoantisera has been shown to inhibit the function of PCNA in vitro, in contrast to induced antibodies. A monoclonal IgG2 PCNA antibody, 74B1, that effectively inhibited DNA replication in vitro was identified. The inhibitory effect was dose dependent and using synthetic overlapping peptides of PCNA the 74B1 epitope was mapped to aa 121-135, a region of the PCNA protein containing the interdomain connector implicated in intermolecular interactions. Interestingly, a neighboring and partly overlapping peptide, aa 111-125, contains an immunodominant region recognized by a number of monoclonal PCNA antibodies with no inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis. The 74B1 antibody is a potentially useful antibody in future studies of PCNA and its interaction in complexes associated with cell cycle progress, DNA replication, and DNA repair.
Intelligent simulation environments (1988)

A problem exists in efficiently combining a non-deterministic decision capability with a current discrete event simulation language for use by the simulationist (programmer and in the future the user). This paper explores this problem in the context of the discrete event simulation problem domain implemented in Siman. The purpose is (1) to provide an ontological definition of abstract ideas from data to wisdom, (2) identify a taxonomy of simulation and artificial intelligence combination dialects, and (3) establish the need for and then introduce a “decide node” which will assist the simulationist in incorporating a broader spectrum of the ontology more easily than current dialects allow.
Considerations of Alloy 617 Application in the Gen IV Nuclear Reactor Systems: Part II—Metallurgical Property Challenges (2009)

Alloy 617 is currently considered as a leading candidate material for high temperature components in the Gen IV Nuclear Reactor Systems. Because of the unprecedented severe working conditions beyond its commercial service experience required by the Gen IV systems, the alloy faces various challenges in both mechanical and metallurgical properties. Following a previous paper discussing the mechanical property challenges, this paper is focused on the challenges and issues in metallurgical properties of the alloy for the intended nuclear application. Considerations are given in details about its metallurgical stability and aging evolution, aging effects on mechanical properties, potential Co hazard, and internal oxidation. Some research and development activities are suggested with discussions on viability to satisfy the Gen IV Nuclear Reactor System needs.
Romantic to Sentimental: The Changing Line of Women's Dress, 1830-1860 (1969)

It is difficult when faced with the enchanting fashion plates of the early 1830s, particularly those from Townsend's Parisian Costumes, to discuss anything so mundane as the patterns and techniques used in the construction of the dresses so illustrated. However, it is from this study that we can date, with any certainty, the dresses which survive from this period.