gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ford SYNC and Microsoft Windows Embedded Automotive Make Digital Lifestyle a Reality on the Road (2010)

With Ford SYNC, Microsoft Corporation and Ford Motor Company have democratized in-vehicle infotainment systems delighting consumers and bringing a new kind of agility to the automobile industry. Built on Microsoft Auto (now Windows Embedded Automotive), Ford SYNC is a factory-installed, voicecontrolled communications and entertainment system that allows drivers to converge their digital lifestyle with their life on the road. Windows Embedded Automotive is an industry leading technology platform that provides integrated infotainment features and a rich user interface. Car manufacturers and suppliers worldwide can use this software to create differentiated, infotainment in-vehicle systems that are immediately attractive to consumers. This white paper will examine: • Past approaches to in-car infotainment system development; • The evolution of the Windows Embedded Automotive platform as Microsoft addressed market readiness and other business/technical issues through collaboration with the automotive industry; • How Ford and Microsoft had a common vision, validated it with research, and worked in partnership to bring the vision to market, giving consumers the ability to combine their digital lifestyle with their life on the road; • How the auto manufacturer democratized in-car systems by delivering it first on the most affordable car in Ford's line-up, the Focus sedan and coupe, to the increasing surprise and delight of its customers; • The collaborative marketing campaign that leveraged Ford and Microsoft brand name recognition around the globe; • Positive business results generated by Ford SYNC, including broad consumer satisfaction with the technology; and, • The future of Ford SYNC and Windows Embedded Automotive technology.
Protective passenger smoke hood. (1968)

Abstract : Several recent jet transport accidents have focused the attention of the aviation industry upon smoke and toxic gases as causal factors of passenger incapacitation and failure to evacuate aircraft before fire and heat render the environment uninhabitable. If it were possible to provide passengers with a short duration supply of breathing air sufficient to maintain the passengers' mobility and allow completion of aircraft evacuation, survival would be enhanced. Simple, light-weight, bag-shaped hoods incorporating a neck seal were fabricated of a thin pliable, high-temperature, transparent, polyimide plastic film. Polyimide film has no melting point but reportedly chars at 1500 deg F. In a more advanced design, thin transparent metallic coatings were applied to the polyimide film in order to reflect up to 90% of the radiant heat. Upon exposure to a specific infra-red heat flux, facial skin temperatures of 114-115 F were recorded on twelve human subjects wearing the non-metalized hood. Under identical conditions, skin temperatures of the same subjects wearing the metalized hood did not exceed 99 F. Capability of the hood to provide short term and extended protection from smoke and flame inhalation in a fire environment is discussed. (Author)
Numerical Calculation of Time-Dependent Viscous Incompressible Flow of Fluid with Free Surface (1965)

A new technique is described for the numerical investigation of the time-dependent flow of an incompressible fluid, the boundary of which is partially confined and partially free. The full Navier-Stokes equations are written in finite-difference form, and the solution is accomplished by finite-time-step advancement. The primary dependent variables are the pressure and the velocity components. Also used is a set of marker particles which move with the fluid. The technique is called the marker and cell method. Some examples of the application of this method are presented. All non-linear effects are completely included, and the transient aspects can be computed for as much elapsed time as desired.
GLOBALIZATION OF HUMAN INFECTIOUS DISEASE (2007)

Globalization has facilitated the spread of numerous infectious agents to all corners of the planet. Analysis of the Global Infectious Disease and Epidemiology Network (GIDEON) database quantitatively illustrates that the globalization of human infectious agents depends significantly on the range of hosts used. Infectious agents specific to humans are broadly and uniformly distributed, whereas zoonotic infectious agents are far more localized in their geographical distribution. Moreover, these patterns vary depending on transmission mode and infectious agent taxonomy. This dichotomy is unlikely to persist if certain aspects of globalization (for example, exotic species introductions) continue unabated. This raises a serious concern for public health and leaves nations with the task of determining the infectious agents that have the greatest potential to establish within their borders. At the advent of a century characterized by an apparent increase in emerging infectious diseases, these results have critical implications for public-health policy and future research pathways of infectious disease ecology.
Mouse <i>Spam1</i> (<i>PH‐20</i>): Evidence for its Expression in the Epididymis and for a New Category of Spermatogenic‐Expressed Genes (2000)

The gene for the sperm adhesion molecule 1 (PH-20), SPAM1, has been known to be testis-specific and exclusively haploid expressed. We show that in mice, the 2 common isoforms of the protein (Spam1) observed in sperm are also present in the caput, corpus, and cauda epididymides. Both qualitative and quantitative variation of expression of the protein were observed in epididymis with the highest expression detected in the corpus. The endogenous production of enzymatically active (via hyaluronidase) Spam1 by epididymal cells is supported by the detection of steady-state Spam1 epididymal messenger RNA in both wild type and germ cell-deficient mice. In situ transcript hybridization shows the transcript to be localized to the principal cells of the epithelium. The protein was similarly immunolocalized to these cells, predominantly in vesicles near the apical region. The results suggest a mechanism for transportation of Spam1 from the epididymal epithelium to sperm during their transit and storage in the cauda. None of the current categories of spermatogenic-expressed genes shows the dual transcription pattern (haploid testicular/diploid epididymal) observed for Spam1. The work also confirms and extends the finding that Spam1 is expressed in the kidney.
Rebound tonometry: new opportunities and limitations of non-invasive determination of intraocular pressure (2006)

trials designed to assess biannual and annual repeat distributions, intensive treatment of children and construction of latrines are currently under way. If they are conducted well, we expect that Cochrane Collaboration reports will only be too happy to include them.
Obesity management: update on orlistat. (2007)

Over the past 20 years obesity has become a worldwide concern of frightening proportion. The World Health Organization estimates that there are over 400 million obese and over 1.6 billion overweight adults, a figure which is projected to almost double by 2015. This is not a disease restricted to adults - at least 20 million children under the age of 5 years were overweight in 2005 (WHO 2006). Overweight and obesity lead to serious health consequences including coronary artery disease, stroke, type-2 diabetes, heart failure, dyslipidemia, hypertension, reproductive and gastrointestinal cancers, gallstones, fatty liver disease, osteoarthritis and sleep apnea (Padwal et al 2003). Modest weight loss in the obese of between 5% and 10% of bodyweight is associated with improvements in cardiovascular risk profiles and reduced incidence of type 2 diabetes (Goldstein 1992; Avenell et al 2004; Padwal and Majumdar 2007). Orlistat, a gastric and pancreatic lipase inhibitor that reduces dietary fat absorption by approximately 30%, has been approved for use for around ten years (Zhi et al 1994; Hauptman 2000). There is now a growing body of evidence to suggest that Orlistat assists weight loss and that it may also have additional benefits. The aim of this review is to provide a brief update on the current literature studying the efficacy, safety and significance of the use of Orlistat in clinical practice.
Interpretation of the Construction of Socialist New Countryside (2011)

Several old problems in the new countryside construction at present are analyzed. For instance the land transfer mechanism is not flexible, land problems have restricted the development of agricultural industrialization; farmers still have serious problems in income increase and lack the rational investment and consumption awareness; farmers receive low level of education and their cultural qualities are general poor; for a long time, legalization and democratization process of rural grass-roots organizations has been lagged behind. Causations for problems in the new countryside construction are various, such as lacking the subject consciousness, a long-term mechanism, industrial support and capital input. Finally, several new ideas about the construction of socialist new countryside are put forward, including speeding up the development of modern agriculture and doing everything possible to increase the income of farmers; paying attention to the development of civilized villages and towns and doing everything possible to enrich the knowledge of farmers; accelerating the establishment of long-term mechanism and gathering the ideas of farmers to the maximum extent; fully integrating project funds and constructing the socialist new countryside.
A primer on employment contracts. (2003)

This article identifies and defines the key terms contained in most physicians' employment contracts.
Self‐Recovering Tough Gel Electrolyte with Adjustable Supercapacitor Performance (2014)

A self-recovering gel with integrated functions synthesized via self-initiated UV poly­merization is described. It offers an effective platform for a gel electrolyte to attain adjustable supercapacitor performances for energy-storage devices.
Development of Mobile Mapping System for 3D Road Asset Inventory (2016)

Asset Management is an important component of an infrastructure project. A significant cost is involved in maintaining and updating the asset information. Data collection is the most time-consuming task in the development of an asset management system. In order to reduce the time and cost involved in data collection, this paper proposes a low cost Mobile Mapping System using an equipped laser scanner and cameras. First, the feasibility of low cost sensors for 3D asset inventory is discussed by deriving appropriate sensor models. Then, through calibration procedures, respective alignments of the laser scanner, cameras, Inertial Measurement Unit and GPS (Global Positioning System) antenna are determined. The efficiency of this Mobile Mapping System is experimented by mounting it on a truck and golf cart. By using derived sensor models, geo-referenced images and 3D point clouds are derived. After validating the quality of the derived data, the paper provides a framework to extract road assets both automatically and manually using techniques implementing RANSAC plane fitting and edge extraction algorithms. Then the scope of such extraction techniques along with a sample GIS (Geographic Information System) database structure for unified 3D asset inventory are discussed.
Lung Inflammation and Fibrosis (2004)

The alveolar inflammatory reaction, important for amplifying host defenses in the lungs, is in part under the cellular control of the pulmonary alveolar macrophage, which can initiate and modulate the reaction. A chronic, poorly regulated reaction can cause tissue dysfunction including fibrosis. This historical perspective will review the efferent function of alveolar macrophages that elicits inflammation through secretion of several chemokines, examining how some of these were identified from normal macrophages, and later investigated in lung fibrosis, particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The focus is on two chemokines: interleukin-8 (IL-8) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4).
Degree and Diploma Courses in Applied Physics (1957)

On general grounds, it may be thought that my claims to speak on the teaching of Applied Physics in Universities are firmly established in that I hold what is probably the only Chair in Applied Physics in this country. However, when ray credentials are more closely examined, I am sure that my claims will not hold water ; with the best of intentions I have not been able to live up to my title, and I think that the reasons for this failure may well be worth discussing in this conference. When I took up my position as the Head of the Department of Pure and Applied Physics (to give it its full title) in 1945, the department was essentially a service department for the rest of the Faculty—the Faculty of Technology in the University of Manchester.
Equivalent PI circuit for zero-sequence double circuit transmission lines (2012)

To accurately represent a transmission line, the equivalent PI circuit is required. This representation is based on the distributed parameter line model and fully considers the fact that the parameters including impedance and admittance are uniformly distributed throughout the entire length of the line. For a single-circuit transmission line or a positive/negative sequence double-circuit line, its equivalent PI circuit based on the distributed parameter line model has been well established in the literature. This paper aims to provide the equivalent PI circuit parameters for the zero-sequence networks of a double-circuit line where there is a mutual coupling between the parallel lines. The derivation is based on the solution of the differential equations in the time-domain. Hyperbolic forms of the parameters of the equivalent PI circuit are resulted. A numerical example is utilized to demonstrate the application of the equivalent PI circuit parameters and compare with the nominal PI circuit parameters.
Halo performance on low light level image intensifiers (2013)

To analyze the formation mechanism of the halo on low light level image intensifiers and the influencing factors on the halo size, a halo tester has been designed. Under the illumination between 10<sup>-2</sup> lx and 10<sup>-4</sup> lx, we use the tester to collect a 0.1922 mm hole image directly with CoolSNAP<sub>K4</sub> charge-coupled device (CCD) in a darkroom. The practical measurement result shows that the amplification ratio is 343.4. Then we put the super second and third generation image intensifiers after the hole, and the halo sizes of the hole images on the screens are determined as 0.2388 and 0.5533 mm respectively. The results are helpful to improve the quality of the low light level image intensifiers.
Thermal fluctuations in plasmas (1975)

A survey is presented of the fluctuations to be expected in plasmas. A resume of the familiar test particle results is followed by a derivation of the wave transport equation and an examination of the effects of plasma nonuniformity on the fluctuation spectrum. The effect of a magnetic field is then examined, where, in addition to the modes of a uniform plasma, drift waves also appear. Observable effects on fluctuations are discussed and the scattering cross section form factor evaluated. (auth)
Predicting the Specific Energy Consumption of Reverse Osmosis Desalination (2016)

Desalination is often considered an approach for mitigating water stress. Despite the abundance of saline water worldwide, additional energy consumption and increased costs present barriers to widespread deployment of desalination as a municipal water supply. Specific energy consumption (SEC) is a common measure of the energy use in desalination processes, and depends on many operational and water quality factors. We completed multiple linear regression and relative importance statistical analyses of factors affecting SEC using both small-scale meta-data and municipal-scale empirical data to predict the energy consumption of desalination. Statistically significant results show water quality and initial year of operations to be significant and important factors in estimating SEC, explaining over 80% of the variation in SEC. More recent initial year of operations, lower salinity raw water, and higher salinity product water accurately predict lower values of SEC. Economic analysis revealed a weak statistical relationship between SEC and cost of water production. Analysis of associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions revealed important considerations of both electricity source and SEC in estimating the GHG-related sustainability of desalination. Results of our statistical analyses can aid decision-makers by predicting the SEC of desalination to a reasonable degree of accuracy with limited data.
Finite Element Vibration Analysis of Damped Structures (1982)

A finite element computer program, MAGNA-D, has been developed for predicting the response of damped structures to steady-state inputs. The use of a unique finite element library and efficient programming techniques make the procedure especially applicable to sizable three-dimensional structures composed of both solid and shell-like components. The program predicts frequencies and mode shapes, steady-state amplitudes and phase angles, and modal damping -factors. The analysis includes the damping effects of viscoelastic materials characterized by complex moduli, and of Coulomb friction at sliding interfaces. Examples are presented to illustrate the utility and efficiency of the computer program.
The Mask of Eternity: The Quest for Immortality and the Afterlife (2016)

When we are gone, only the ultimate question remains. Evidence that consciousness survives death remains elusive. With or without warm, welcoming smiles from relatives we may have loathed in life, it remains our obsession to know what happens when our screen-reality stops, and fades to black. Conscious immortality remains questionable. This writer remains firmly agnostic but enjoys entertaining wishful thinking. Death is the greatest mystery of life. Buddha rejected the question as useless, according to Jung. Throughout history, it remains a source of wonder, fear, hopefulness, and puzzlement. We seek compassionate ways of dealing with this uncertainty that no discussion of entanglement or holographic memory can assuage. There is little wonder we tend to fall back on traditional attitudes informed by simplicity, meaningful ceremony, and acceptance. It is something we cannot grasp at all, despite our conceptions of time and space and what might lie beyond them, even if some of our psychic experience seems unbound by spacetime. There is NoWhere to go and we are all going to get there.
Cambridgeshire's financial management initiative for schools (1986)

This time next year all the secondary schools in Cambridgeshire will take responsibility for creating their own (cash‐limited) budgets and managing their own finances. This will represent the most radical attempt so far to devolve responsibility to schools and to enhance their capacity to manage their affairs. It has implications not only for other education authorities but also for the organisation of other public services.
A Hundred-Year History of the Nationalization of Chinese Oil Painting (2013)

Chinese oil painting creation in the true sense began in the early days of last century, from the end of the 19th century to the 1920s and 1930s, and the oil painting creation in this period laid foundation for the later development of Chinese oil painting, which made pioneering contribution; From the 1930s to the late 1970s was the second creation period of Chinese oil painting, when the oil painting creation and society and realpolitik were combined together, resulting in the art of oil painting entering common people’s life and accepted by the general public; The oil painting creation since the new period is the third stage, when the nationalization of Chinese oil painting has been recognized by the world and become a component of the worldwide oil painting creation.
Association of rheumatoid factors and anti‐filaggrin antibodies with severity of erosions in rheumatoid arthritis (2000)

Since no significant correlation was observed between joint damage progression and AFA positivity, the determination of AFA does not appear to be useful in assessing the prognosis of RA. However, AFA, which appear early in RA, could be helpful for the diagnosis of RA in patients who do not fulfil four American College of Rheumatology criteria.
Studies on the procurement of blood coagulation factor VIII (1984)

Coagulation factor VIII is needed for the treatment of patients with haemophilia. Requirements for factor VIII are important in determining the numbers of blood donations to be collected in Scotland. The final yield of factor VIII:C in products prepared from blood plasma, when prepared either in the Transfusion Centres or the National Fractionation Centre, is relatively low (30-40%). Improvements in these processes would have major implications for the Transfusion Service. Present technology requires the freezing of plasma from blood donations prior to the preparation of cryoprecipitate; this may then be processed further to produce factor VIII concentrate. In this study, the effects of using different anticoagulants (citrate, heparin), of varying the rate of freezing and the duration of storage on the factor VIII content of plasma and subsequent products have been investigated. The influence of ABO blood group and of drug induced enhancement on levels of factor VIII in starting plasma were also studied. Improvements in the mode of preparing cryoprecipitate from plasma have been made on the basis of the observed effects on processing plasma of different quality (collection procedure, age, etc .) and by various methods. Investigation of the mechanism of cryoprecipitation has led to the development of a high-yield method for the preparation of factor VIII from unfrozen plasma by precipitation with hydrophilic polymers. In the course of this work, methods were developed for the isolation of factor VIII and fibronectin and immunological assays for these and other proteins (fibrinogen), based on immunoprecipitation and immunoradiometric methods, were set up. The immunoradiometric methods were used to follow the recovery and survival of factor VIII components following infusion into patients deficient in this protein. Based on the work described in this thesis, recommendations will be made on the possibilities for improved procurement of factor VIII from blood donations.
Anthopleurine: A Sea Anemone Alarm Pheromone (1975)

The sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima responds with characteristic contraction to a pheromone released by wounded conspecifics. The alarm pheromone was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography and identified by chemical and spectroscopic methods as the quaternary ammonium ion (3-carboxy-2, 3-dihydroxy-N, N, N-trimethyl)-1-propanaminium. Median effective concentration of the crystalline pheromone is 3.5 X 10-minus 10 mole per liter of seawater.
IgG, IgA and C3 deposits in the extra-thyroidal manifestations of autoimmune Graves' disease: their in vitro solubilization by intravenous immunoglobulin. (1996)

The results of our study suggest that different classes of antibodies, mainly IgG and IgA, may be implicated in the disease process in autoimmune TAO and PTM. Activation of the complement cascade, via the classic or the alternative pathway, could take place in about 40% of these patients. IVIG in vitro may solubilize, by a specific mechanism, IgG and complement immune complex deposition in the extrathyroidal manifestations of autoimmune Grave's disease.