gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hepatic detoxification of ammonia in the ovine liver: possible consequences for amino acid catabolism (1995)

The effects of either low (25 mumol/min) or high (235 mumol/min) infusion of NH4Cl into the mesenteric vein for 5 d were determined on O2 consumption plus urea and amino acid transfers across the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver of young sheep. Kinetic transfers were followed by use of 15NH4Cl for 10 h on the fifth day with simultaneous infusion of [1-13C]leucine to monitor amino acid oxidation. Neither PDV nor liver blood flow were affected by the additional NH3 loading, although at the higher rate there was a trend for increased liver O2 consumption. NH3-N extraction by the liver accounted for 64-70% of urea-N synthesis and at the lower infusion rate the additional N required could be more than accounted for by hepatic removal of free amino acids. At the higher rate of NH3 administration additional sources of N were apparently required to account fully for urea synthesis. Protein synthesis rates in the PDV and liver were unaffected by NH3 infusion but both whole-body (P < 0.05) and splanchnic tissue leucine oxidation were elevated at the higher rate of administration. Substantial synthesis of [15N]glutamine occurred across the liver, particularly with the greater NH3 supply, and enrichments exceeded considerably those of glutamate. The [15N]urea synthesized was predominantly as the single labelled, i.e. [14N15N], species. These various kinetic data are compatible with the action of ovine hepatic glutamate dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.2) in periportal hepatocytes in the direction favouring glutamate deamination. Glutamate synthesis and uptake is probably confined to the perivenous cells which do not synthesize urea.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Polyvinylpyrrolidone 40 Assists the Refolding of Bovine Carbonic Anhydrase B by Accelerating the Refolding of the First Molten Globule Intermediate (2006)

Protecting proteins from aggregation is one of the most important issues in both protein science and protein engineering. In this research, the mechanism of enhancing the refolding of guanidine hydrochloride-denatured carbonic anhydrase B by polyvinylpyrrolidone 40 (PVP40) was studied by both kinetic and equilibrium refolding experiments. The reactivation and refolding kinetics indicated that the rate constant of refolding the first refolding intermediate (I(1)) to the second one (I(2)) is promoted by the addition of PVP. Fluorescence quenching studies further indicated that PVP could bind to the aggregation-prone species I(1), resulting in the protection of the exposed hydrophobic surface, a minimization of the protein surface, and more importantly, an increase of the refolding rate of I(1). These properties were quite different from those of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), which has been shown to have a strong and stoichiometric binding to I(1) and does not interfere with the refolding pathway. Unlike PEG, the binding of PVP to I(1) does not block the aggregation pathway directly but decreases the energy barrier for I(1) to refold to I(2) and thus reduces the accumulation of I(1). These results suggested that PVP works by a quite different mechanism from those well established ones in chaperones and chemical promoters. PVP is more like a folding catalyst rather than a chemical chaperone. The distinct mechanism of enhancing protein aggregation by PVP is expected to facilitate the attempt to develop new chemical compounds as well as new strategies to protect proteins from aggregation.
Tunneling with service discovery: a remote access model and implementation (2006)

In this paper, we propose a new model, “Tunneling with Service Discovery”, for accessing local network services from a remote network. The model enables the splicing of local network services from multiple remote networks so that users can transparently access the advertised services as if they were local services. This model consists of splicing networks and relaying services, and is different from the existing remote access technologies such as VPN and SoftEther(Virtual Private Ethernet Environment). In this model, a server makes use of Service Discovery, and dynamically collects and updates the information about available local network services. A client on a remote network talks to the server, obtains the service information, maps these remote services onto its local services, and then, registers the mapped services on its local Service Discovery. Therefore, all hosts on the client’s network are able to use the relayed services as pseudo local services. The model also allows One-way Access, Multi-Network Access and Multi-Stage Access without requiring any network reconfiguration. As an implementation of this model, we have developed “RNSplicer” that splices local network services provided by Multicast DNS (mDNS). RNSplicer works with all types of services provided by Bonjour (Rendezvous), a standard service discovery technology employed by Mac OS X and Darwin.
The refurbishment of electrical plant operating in a geothermal power station (1988)

In 1983, four HP turbogenerators were de-commissioned, after 25 years continuous service, from the Wairakei Geothermal Power Station in New Zealand due to the ongoing decline in geothermal steam pressure. Two of these machines rated at 12 MW have undergone extensive refurbishment to fit them for a new life at the Ohaaki Geothermal Power Station, which is being constructed. The authors outline the steps taken by the Electricity Corporation of New Zealand to assess, test and refurbish the generators, generator exciters, power transformer, circuit breakers and associated electrical auxiliaries from decommissioning at Wairakei to installation and commissioning at Ohaaki. The measures adopted to improve the control and protection of the units for incorporating into a modern unmanned power station are given. Environmental considerations necessary to avoid hydrogen sulphide corrosion of electrical plant are outlined. >
Mobile Technology and Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities (2018)

This K4D Emerging Issues report highlights research and emerging evidence that show how mobile-enabled services can help increase inclusion of persons with disabilities. The aim is to provide DFID policy-makers with the information required to inform policies that are more resilient to the future. This report provides a synthesis of the current evidence on how mobile technology and mobile-enabled services can help increase inclusion of persons with disabilities. It was originally planned that this report would also explore how mobile enabled technology might exacerbate existing inequalities. Some evidence was found to focus on the barriers to ICT that marginalised groups encounter, however, no evidence was found to focus on how mobile technology might exacerbate inequalities. As such, the report focuses on the positive impact that mobile technology has been shown to have in increasing the inclusion of persons with disabilities.
Monensin toxicosis in a dairy herd. (2005)

An acute onset of illness was reported in a lactating dairy herd in Canada in which monensin had been incorporated in error in its ration at almost 10 times the prescribed level. All of the lactating cows became lethargic, were inappetant, developed diarrhea, and had decreased milk production from 28 kg/cow/day, the day before exposure, to 23 kg/cow/day, 3 d later. Within 9 d, all animals recovered from the incident and milk production returned to previous levels.
A New Method for the Synthesis of Certain Benz[a]acridines<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Method for the Synthesis of Certain Benz[a]acridines1Charles R. Hauser and James G. MurrayCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 14, 3858–3860Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01619a053https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01619a053research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views99Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On computing the Discrete Fourier Transform (1976)

New algorithms for computing the Discrete Fourier Transform of n points are described. For n in the range of a few tens to a few thousands these algorithms use substantially fewer multiplications than the best algorithm previously known, and about the same number of additions.
Use of diuretics in cardiovascular disease: (2) hypertension (2004)

Hypertension is a common condition associated with increased mortality and multiple morbidities. Evidence based management of hypertension is known to improve both the short term and the long term outcomes in patients with this condition. There are several general measures and pharmacological agents that are known to treat hypertension adequately. Diuretics, in particular low dose thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics, are widely used in the treatment of hypertension. They have excellent outcome data and high safety and low side effects profiles. In this article, the physiology, pharmacological actions, side effects, and outcome data of the use of diuretics in hypertension are reviewed. In addition, the effective use of diuretics in the management of hypertension is discussed.
Occlusal dysfunction and stress (1981)

A dysfunctional occlusal relationship was produced in six macaca irus monkeys by insertion of occlusal splints which raised the vertical dimension of occlusion by 3--4 mm and incorporated interferences into the occlusion. Cortisol levels of plasma and 24 h urine samples were measured by competitive protein-binding analysis. After insertion of the splints there was an immediate, approximately two-fold rise of the mean 24 h urinary cortisol excretion rate and a significant decrease of urinary volume and body weight. The plasma cortisol level did not rise significantly. During the 3 weeks experimental period the teeth showed increasing mobility and occlusal wear facets developed on the splints. Urinary cortisol excretion rates were significantly elevated throughout the experimental period. Urinary cortisol levels declined to basal values when the splints were removed. This animal model produces experimental evidence in support of the hypothesis that a dysfunctional occlusal relationship may result in bruxism associated with emotional stress.
Effective traffic measurement using ntop (2000)

Traffic measurements are becoming increasingly complex due to the variety of traffic types and the integration of different network media. Although traditional tools such as sniffers and network probes are still useful for traffic measurement, they often limit their scope to network packet analysis and visualization. This means that human operators need to manually perform specific actions when some anomalous traffic conditions happen since they have very limited, if any, support from the above tools. This article covers the design and implementation of ntop, an open-source Web-based traffic measurement and monitoring application. It enables users to track relevant network activities including traffic characterization, network utilization, network protocol usage, and congestion detection. Ntop's extensibility through dynamically loadable software components opens it to extensions by network administrators. In addition, its native security flaw detection facilities allow ntop to detect potentially dangerous traffic conditions, and hence to dynamically and autonomously adapt network configuration to tackle the identified problems.
Methods of Analysis in Musicology (1987)

Nicolas Ruwet's 'Methods' deserve a broader reception than they have so far been afforded. When they appeared in 1966, they represented the first coherent attempt to articulate a music-analytical system which drew on the distributional and taxonomic procedures of anthropology, linguistics and ethnomusicology; they also form a large part of a system which has generated much critical comment, especially in the French and French-Canadian musico-semiotic worlds,1* in its twenty years' existence; furthermore, they constitute one of the few sets of analytical methodologies which initially address repertories other than those of the 'common practice' era. The concentration in 'Methods' on monodies from the twelfth to the fourteenth centuries makes their exclusion from contemporary discussions of the 'analysis of early music', with its all-too- often duplicative obsession with voice-leading procedures,2 all the more regrettable.
Colorimetry: understanding the CIE system (2008)

Preface. Contributors and Referees. Part I: Historic Retrospection. 1. Translation of CIE 1931 Resolutions on Colorimetry (Translated by P. Bodrogi). 2. Professor Wright's Paper from the Golden Jubilee Book: The Historical and Experimental Background to the 1931 CIE System of Colorimetry (W. D. Wright). 3. CIE Colorimetry (Janos Schanda). 4. CIE Color Difference Metrics (Klaus Witt). 5. Spectral Color Measurement (Yoshi Ohno). 6. Tristimulus Color Measurement of Self-Luminous Sources (Janos Schanda, George Eppeldauer, and Georg Sauter). 7. Color Management (Jan Morovic and Johan Lammens). 8. Color Rendering of Light Sources (Janos Schanda). Part III: Advances in Colorimetry. 9. Color-Matching Functions: Physiological Basis (Francoise Vienot and Pieter Walraven). 10. Open Problems on the Validity of Grassmann's Laws (Michael H. Brill and Alan R. Robertson). 11. CIE Color Appearance Models and Associated Color Spaces (M. Ronnier Luo and Changjun Li). 12. Image Appearance Modeling (Garrett M. Johnson and Mark D. Fairchild). 13. Spatial and Temporal Problems of Colorimetry (Eugenio Martinez-Uriegas). 14. The Future of Colorimetry in the CIE (Robert W.G. Hunt). Appendix 1: Measurement Uncertainty (Georg Sauter). Appendix 2: Uncertainties in Spectral Color Measurement (James L. Gardner). Appendix 3: Use of CIE Colorimetry in the Pulp, Paper, and Textile Industries (Robert Hirschler and Joanne Zwinkels). Appendix 4: List of CIE Publications. Glossary. Index.
Virtual federated network operations on future internet (2011)

Federated network operations become more and more important and the central challenge for Future Internet testbeds around the world. This paper presents a framework that federates and operates the autonomous distributed networks (ADNs) in the perspective of virtual network operations and end-user oriented network management on end-to-end slices. In addition, we propose a virtual federated network (VFN) environment as a common federation interface between ADNs, associated with three key functionalities, that is, core network resource schema and representation, operational data exchanges, and federated network operations.
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease (1999)

Nicotinic cholinoceptive dysfunction associated with cognitive impairment is a leading neurochemical feature of Alzheimer's disease. There-fore, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors have attracted considerable interest as potential therapeutic targets. The deficit of nicotine binding sites in Alzheimer's disease may be related to alterations of nicotinic receptor synthesis on the levels of (i) transcription, (ii) translation and post-translational modifications, (iii) receptor transport and turnover, including membrane insertion. Current approaches aim at the elucidation of molecular changes at all three levels. Although a comprehensive picture has not yet been achieved, currently available data can be summarized as follows: (i) there are no changes at the level of transcription of subunit mRNAs studied so far, (ii) evidence is accumulating for a distinct decrease on the protein level in the expression especially of the alpha 4-subunit, and (iii) preliminary findings point to a possible correlation of cytoskeletal changes (hyperphosphorylation of tau-protein) with decreased nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression.
Condensation of Halophenols with Formaldehyde and Primary Amines<sup>1</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCondensation of Halophenols with Formaldehyde and Primary Amines1William J. Burke, E. L. Mortenson Glennie, and Carl WeatherbeeCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 4, 909–912Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01027a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01027a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views696Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
<i>Serenoa repens</i> extract in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (2011)

We are experiencing a revival of interest in phytotherapeutic agents, both in Europe and North America, especially as a consequence of patients' dissatisfaction with the adverse effects of the medical alternatives. One of the most frequently prescribed and studied such agents is Serenoa repens extract, derived from the berry of the dwarf palm tree. We aimed to review the most important published data regarding this type of treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. A review of the existing articles regarding the use of Serenoa repens extracts for benign prostatic hyperplasia was performed. The articles were analysed with regard to their relevance, scientific value and the size of the evaluated series. Multiple mechanisms of action have been attributed to this extract, including antiandrogenic action, an anti-inflammatory/anti-oedematous effect, prolactin signal modulation, and an antiproliferative effect exerted through the inhibition of growth factors. Regarding efficacy, European Association of Urology guidelines state that Serenoa repens extracts significantly reduce nocturia in comparison with placebo. However, the guideline committee is unable to make specific recommendations about phytotherapy of male lower urinary tract symptoms owing to the heterogeneity of the products and the methodological problems associated with meta-analyses. Most of the published trials regarding Serenoa repens phytotherapy demonstrate a significant improvement of urinary status and a favourable safety profile. Also, some authors have credited it with giving a significant improvement in erectile function and decreasing complications following transurethral resection of the prostate, especially bleeding. The results of phytotherapy with Serenoa repens extracts are very promising. More high-quality, randomized, placebo-controlled studies are required in order to demonstrate without doubt the true therapeutic value of these products. Particular attention must be focused on differentiating between registered preparations, which are regulated as drugs, and those considered to be food supplements.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses of Novel Liquid Crystalline Compounds with Partially Fluorinated Side Chains. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Image Analysis Techniques on Evaluation of Particle Size Distribution of Gravel (2012)

Particle size distribution of granular materials is usually evaluated by sieve analysis test. In this research, an image analysis technique using ImageJ is proposed to evaluate particle size distribution of gravels. On particular conditions, some differences of gradation curves determined by sieve analysis and image analysis were observed. Based on the results, several aspects related to image analyzing are discussed in the paper. They include appropriate evaluation of particle grain size in image analysis, minimization of shadow effects appeared in images, effects of number of particles adopted for sieve analysis and image analysis and so on. It was found that grain size in image analysis should be defined appropriately to compare the gradation curves by the two methods. Probably, due to light effects, it was also observed that black color sheets are better than white color sheets to place particles. This method can be used as an in-situ test method since this method needs only a camera and a computer.
Analysis of TM-polarized DFB laser structures with metal surface gratings (2000)

An analysis of distributed feedback (DFB) laser structures with metallized surface grating structures in TM polarization is presented. The modal properties of these structures are described using coupled-mode theory where the coupling coefficients are derived from rigorously computed on-resonant Floquet-Bloch solutions of the waveguide grating problem. Based on this theory, first- and second-order DFB quantum cascade laser structures operating at a wavelength of 10 /spl mu/m are investigated numerically. We show that, utilizing a metal stripe grating structure, second-order laser structures are feasible showing efficient surface emission, whereas radiation into the substrate is strongly suppressed. The fraction of stimulated emission power being emitted via the surface can be as high as 17.5% whereas a low threshold gain of 20 cm/sup -1/ is maintained.
Using repetitive control for THD reduction over wide load range for boost digital PFC converters (2012)

This paper proposes a control scheme for the reduction of the line current total harmonic distortion (THD) over wide load variation range. A new current sensing scheme is used to detect the average current under fixed or variable switching frequency condition. A repetitive controller is designed to minimize periodic errors within the current loop bandwidth. A design procedure is given for synthesizing the current loop controller to achieve good current tracking under wide input voltage variation range. A single-phase boost PFC converter with single-chip DSP controller has been constructed for the verification of the proposed control scheme. Simulation and experimental results confirm the feasibility and performances of the proposed control scheme.