gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunotherapy – 2073. Therapeutic effect of mite allergen vaccines by subcutaneous route in allergic Cuban asthmatic patients (2013)

This article was originally published online on 23 April 2013 World Health Organization position paper on immunotherapy recommends using mite allergen vaccines for rhinitis and mild to moderate asthma. Allergic sensitization to domestic mites and particularly to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides siboney and Blomia tropicalis has been described before in Cuba, as strongly linked to respiratory allergy symptoms. The aim of this work was to study the therapeutic effect and safety of allergen vaccines of these 3 mite species (VALERGEN, BIOCEN, Cuba) by subcutaneous route, in asthmatic patients. Three Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled clinical trials were performed in 40 patients each, showing asthmatic symptoms and positive predominant Skin Prick Test (SPT) to each mite, respectively. Half of patients received the active treatment consisting of subcutaneous injections with increasing doses, up to 6000 BU. Therapeutic effect was assessed after 6 and 12 months using symptoms/medication diary cards, peak expiratory flow (PEF) measures and skin sensitivity to investigated mites. Adverse reactions were classified using the World Allergy Organization scale. The total 1 year cumulative dose was 63035 BU, in an average of 20.5 injections. The treatment was effective in the reduction of clinical symptoms (up to 32%, 95%CI:28-36%; p=0.0006) and medication intake (23%, 95%CI:18-28%), as compared to control treatment. The skin sensitivity to the allergens decreased significantly (p=0.0001), with regard to the beginning of the treatment. The allergen amount needed to induce a positive SPT increased 297-fold. Improvement of the lung function was observed, expressed in a modest Peak-Expiratory-Flow increase (p<0.05) and reduction of PEF daily variability. SIT was considered effective in 71% of patients. The frequency of local adverse reactions was 2.4 % of injections. Summing up subcutaneous immunotherapy, using VALERGEN vaccines, is effective and safe for the control and amelioration of the asthma.
Synthetic Allergen Design Reveals the Significance of Moderate Affinity Epitopes in Mast Cell Degranulation (2012)

This study describes the design of a well-defined homotetravalent synthetic allergen (HTA) system to investigate the effect of hapten-IgE interactions on mast cell degranulation. A library of DNP variants with varying affinities for IgE(DNP) was generated (K(d) from 8.1 nM to 9.2 μM), and 8 HTAs spanning this range were synthesized via conjugation of each DNP variant to the tetravalent scaffold. HTAs with hapten K(d) < 235 nM stimulated degranulation following a bell-shaped dose response curve with maximum response occurring near the hapten K(d). HTAs with hapten K(d) ≥ 235 nM failed to stimulate degranulation. To mimic physiological conditions, the percent of allergen specific IgE on cell surface was varied, and maximum degranulation occurred at 25% IgE(DNP). These results demonstrated that moderate hapten-IgE affinities are sufficient to trigger mast cell degranulation. Moreover, this study established the HTA design as a well-defined, controllable, and physiologically relevant experimental system to elucidate the mast cell degranulation mechanism.
Abstract 1084: Triple-negative breast cancer displays a unique subset of macrophages dependent on CCL5 signaling (2014)

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer. While five-year survival rates have reached 98% in patients treated with anti-ER or anti-HER2 therapies, patients with TNBC have a five-year survival rate of only 24%. Currently, the only form of therapy for these patients is surgery and platinum based chemotherapy. However, patient outcome is generally poor. Additionally, this disease disproportionately affects African-American women and lower income women, with rates seen approximately three times higher in African-American women compared to the rest of the population. An alternative strategy for treating TNBC patients involves targeting the tumor stroma. Here we have used an RNA sequencing approach that utilizes species information to precisely resolve tumor- and stroma-specific gene expression in a xenograft system. We employed a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) model in which primary tumor invasiveness is controlled by the metastasis suppressor Raf Kinase Inhibitory Protein (RKIP). RKIP expression, which converts invasive tumors to noninvasive tumors, dramatically inhibits macrophage infiltration. The mechanism, which is dependent on Let-7 suppression of HMGA2, involves decreased expression of the chemokine CCL5. Furthermore, overexpression of CCL5 partially rescued the infiltration of macrophages into the tumor and intravasation of tumor cells into the blood stream. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was used to characterize the TNBC-infiltrating macrophages. Together, these studies identify targetable pathways involving tumor-macrophage crosstalk that potentiate TNBC cell invasion and metastasis. Citation Format: Daniel C. Rabe, Casey Frankenberger, Russell Bainer, Yoav Gilad, Marsha Rich Rosner. Triple-negative breast cancer displays a unique subset of macrophages dependent on CCL5 signaling. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1084. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1084
CIGS Solar Cells with Efficiencies > 20 %: Current Status and New Developments (2011)

Thin-film photovoltaic modules with chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) as light-absorbing layer are the most promising candidates for the further deployment of thin-film technologies in the market due to their high efficiencies. At ZSW the parameters for increasing the efficiencies of CIGS on glass are elaborated in a lab system. At the same time, production-related aspects such as the uniformity of the layers, reproducibility etc. are considered by preparing cells and modules up to 30x30 cm² in an inline pilot line. Further potential for increasing efficiency arises from window optimisation by replacing the traditional CdS buffer with more transparent materials such as Zn(O,S). By using alternative substrate materials such as novel types of polyimide films, mild steel foils or special enamelled steel, flexible or non-flexible CIGS modules with less weight and new features are under investigation. They offer the possibility to apply advanced and cost effective fabrication methods such as roll-to-roll processing. In this paper, we present the current status for the above mentioned features.
Vocal Sticky Notes: Adding Audio Comments on Paper Documents (2010)

In this paper we present a tool to annotate paper documents with vocal comments. This tool does not require specially processed documents, and allows natural and simple interactions: sticking a note to add a comment, and place an object on it to listen to the record. A pilot experiment in which teachers used this tool to annotate reports revealed that vocal comments require an extra effort compared to writing. We discuss future work that could either fix or take advantage of this extra effort.
Developmental aspects of Intelligent Adaptive Systems (DIAS) (2017)

The workshop on Developmental Aspects of Intelligent Adaptive systems is the second in this series held along with ISEC conference. In this workshop, we focus on adaptive, autonomous systems like Internet of Things (IoT), their requirements and new paradigms like learning and decision making. In particular, we look at the influence of these paradigms on the development life cycle of adaptive software, starting from requirements, design and architecture and also their verification and validation.
Performance Analysis of ClearSpeed's CSX600 Interconnects (2009)

ClearSpeed's CSX600 that consists of 96 Processing Elements (PEs) employs a one-dimensional array topology for a simple SIMD processing. To clearly show the performance factors and practical issues of NoCs in an existing modern many-core SIMD system, this paper measures and analyzes NoCs of CSX600 called Swazzle and ClearConnect. Evaluation and analysis results show that the sending and receiving overheads are the major limitation factors to the effective network bandwidth. We found that (1) the number of used PEs, (2) the size of transferred data, and (3) data alignment of a shared memory are three main points to make the best use of bandwidth. In addition, we estimated the best- and worst-case latencies of data transfers in parallel applications.
Down-regulation of TGF-β receptors in human colorectal cancer: implications for cancer development (1999)

Many colorectal cancer cells are resistant to the anti-proliferative effects of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). TGF-beta also acts as paracrine factor from cancer cells on their mesenchymal cells. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of TGF-beta and its receptors in human colorectal cancer tissue and determine any relationship with cancer growth. In situ hybridization and Northern blot hybridization detection of TGF-beta1, type I and type II receptor mRNA and immunohistochemical staining of TGF-beta1 were performed using 11 human colorectal adenomas, 22 colorectal cancers and ten normal colorectal mucosas as control. TGF-beta receptor mRNAs were expressed mainly by normal colorectal epithelial cells and adenoma. However, mRNAs for TGF-beta receptors were only faintly, if at all, expressed in eight of 22 human colorectal cancers. In addition, intense signals of TGF-beta1 mRNA and the protein were detected in all colorectal cancers. TGF-beta receptor mRNAs and TGF-beta1 protein were also distributed in fibroblasts and endothelial cells in the interstitium. Moreover, Smad 4 protein was translocated to nucleus in primarily cultured adenoma cells, but not in cancer cells after TGF-beta stimulation. The escape of human colon cancer from TGF-beta-mediated growth inhibition by down-regulation of TGF-beta receptors as well as the effects of TGF-beta on stroma formation and angiogenesis indicate a possible role for TGF-beta in the progression of colon cancer in an intact host.
A Synchronous Engine for Wireless Sensor Networks (2007)

The development and deployment of robust and highly populated Wireless Sensor Networks require addressing a wide variety of challenges. Among them, the synchronization and energy management of the nodes composing the network have been identified as two challenges to overcome. In this paper, we follow a cross-layer approach by defining a synchronous engine built across the radio, MAC and routing layers. The design of our proposal has been based on the results of our previous research efforts dealing with various experimental platforms and experimental trials.
Accelerating the reconstruction of genome-scale metabolic networks (2006)

We show that our methodology can be applied to accelerate the reconstruction of genome-scale metabolic networks by taking optimal advantage of existing, manually curated networks. As orthology detection is the first step in the method, only the translated open reading frames (ORFs) of a newly sequenced genome are necessary to reconstruct a metabolic network. When more manually curated metabolic networks will become available in the near future, the usefulness of our method in network prediction is likely to increase.
Additional file 1: of Estrogenic and cytotoxic potentials of compounds isolated from Millettia macrophylla Benth (Fabaceae): towards a better understanding of its underlying mechanisms (2016)

Figure S1. 1H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) spectrum of compound 6. Figure S2. ESI-MS (negative mode ionization) spectrum of compound 6. Figure S3. 1H NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) spectrum of compound 13. Figure S4. ESI-MS (positive mode ionization) spectrum of compound 13. (DOC 112 kb)
Time-Course Microarray Analysis Reveals Differences between Transcriptional Changes in Tomato Leaves Triggered by Mild and Severe Variants of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid (2018)

Viroids are small non-capsidated non-coding RNA replicons that utilize host factors for efficient propagation and spread through the entire plant. They can incite specific disease symptoms in susceptible plants. To better understand viroid-plant interactions, we employed microarray analysis to observe the changes of gene expression in "Rutgers" tomato leaves in response to the mild (M) and severe (S23) variants of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). The changes were analyzed over a time course of viroid infection development: (i) the pre-symptomatic stage; (ii) early symptoms; (iii) full spectrum of symptoms and (iv) the so-called 'recovery' stage, when stem regrowth was observed in severely affected plants. Gene expression profiles differed depending on stage of infection and variant. In S23-infected plants, the expression of over 3000 genes was affected, while M-infected plants showed 3-fold fewer differentially expressed genes, only 20% of which were specific to the M variant. The differentially expressed genes included many genes related to stress; defense; hormone metabolism and signaling; photosynthesis and chloroplasts; cell wall; RNA regulation, processing and binding; protein metabolism and modification and others. The expression levels of several genes were confirmed by nCounter analysis.
Defense by foot adhesion in a beetle ( <i>Hemisphaerota cyanea</i> ) (2000)

The beetle Hemisphaerota cyanea (Chrysomelidae; Cassidinae) responds to disturbance by activating a tarsal adhesion mechanism by which it secures a hold on the substrate. Its tarsi are oversized and collectively bear some 60,000 adhesive bristles, each with two terminal pads. While walking, the beetle commits but a small fraction of the bristles to contact with the substrate. But when assaulted, it presses its tarsi flatly down, thereby touching ground with all or nearly all of the bristles. Once so adhered, it can withstand pulling forces of up to 0.8 g ( approximately 60 times its body mass) for 2 min, and of higher magnitudes, up to >3 g, for shorter periods. Adhesion is secured by a liquid, most probably an oil. By adhering, the beetle is able to thwart attacking ants, given that it is able to cling more persistently than the ant persists in its assault. One predator, the reduviid Arilus cristatus, is able to feed on the beetle, possibly because by injecting venom it prevents the beetle from maintaining its tarsal hold.
Evolution in the Management of the Complex Liver Injury at a Level I Trauma Center (1998)

Isolated severe blunt liver injury may be managed nonoperatively with better survival and less blood products use.
Optimum design of highly efficient end-pumped Yb:YAG rod amplifier (2002)

An end-pumped Yb:YAG rod amplifier is analyzed for efficient amplification of repetitive pulses for the average power of sub-kW. The laser rod and pumping parameters are optimized.
A New Approach to the Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube-Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Nanohybrids (2015)

To date, the functionalization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (POSS) has become one of the most intensively explored methods to produce CNT-based nanostructure composite materials. In this study, a simple and effective synthesizing method has been reported to prepare a nanohybrid material consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and aminopropylisobutyl-POSS. The approach is based on covalent bonding between CNTs and POSS molecules. Characterization of the as-received materials as well as the POSS-treated CNTs has been performed. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analyses verify the covalent grafting of POSS onto CNT walls through the formation of amide bonds. TEM studies reveal the attachment of relatively high amount of POSS to the CNT walls in POSS-treated product. TGA observations suggest that the presence of relatively high amount of POSS in MWCNT-POSS product is responsible for the thermal stability of CNTs at temperature range of RT–200 °C. The resulting nanohybrids with improved functionality and thermal stability would be good candidates as reinforcing materials for compatible polymer matrices.
Process and Device Simulation of a SiC Floating Junction Schottky Barrier Diode (Super-SBD) (2005)

This paper describes process and device simulation results of SiC floating junction Schottky barrier diodes (Super-SBDs). Two-dimensional process simulation of a SiC device is implemented using the customized ISE’s process simulator “DIOS”. The simulation results reproduce the experimentally observed buried floating junction structure of a SiC Super-SBD. The device simulation method using the anisotropic impact ionization coefficients is formulated. The effect of anisotropic avalanche breakdown field on termination structures of SiC SBDs is examined. Finally, by the device simulation we have shown that the trade-off between the on-state resistance and the breakdown voltage of the super-SBD that contains two drift layers exceeds that of the conventional SBD.
Conditioned Fear-Related Ultrasonic Vocalizations are Emitted as an Emotional Response (2003)

Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are observed along with freezing behavior when rats are placed under fearful situation. Coping style with stress is categorized into two forms, namely passive and emotional avoidance and active operant avoidance. In this study, fear-induced USV was compared between two conditioning protocols. Two groups of male Wistar rats were contextually conditioned for 10 days by exposing to the shock box. One group was shock-unavoidable and the other shock-avoidable by operant control of emitting the USVs. They were then proceeded to the extinction phase. As the results, the shock-unavoidable group emitted greater USV in both conditioning and extinction phases. The extinction burst, commonly seen in active learned responses, was not observed in either group. The duration of freezing was also longer in shock-unavoidable conditioned rats. These results suggest that under the shock-unavoidable condition, rats receive more stress and thus emit more USV. It is therefore concluded that fear-induced USV is an emotional and passive response to the stress, rather than being controlled in an operant-way.
Mechanism of Action of the Mannopeptimycins, a Novel Class of Glycopeptide Antibiotics Active against Vancomycin-Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria (2004)

The naturally occurring mannopeptimycins (formerly AC98-1 through AC98-5) are a novel class of glycopeptide antibiotics that are active against a wide variety of gram-positive bacteria. The structures of the mannopeptimycins suggested that they might act by targeting cell wall biosynthesis, similar to other known glycopeptide antibiotics; but the fact that the mannopeptimycins retain activity against vancomycin-resistant organisms suggested that they might have a unique mode of action. By using a radioactive mannopeptimycin derivative bearing a photoactivation ligand, it was shown that mannopeptimycins interact with the membrane-bound cell wall precursor lipid II [C(55)-MurNAc-(peptide)-GlcNAc] and that this interaction is different from the binding of other lipid II-binding antibiotics such as vancomycin and mersacidin. The antimicrobial activities of several mannopeptimycin derivatives correlated with their affinities toward lipid II, suggesting that the inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis was primarily through lipid II binding. In addition, it was shown that mannopeptimycins bind to lipoteichoic acid in a rather nonspecific interaction, which might facilitate the accumulation of antibiotic on the bacterial cell surface.
Cladinose Analogues of Sixteen-membered Macrolide Antibiotics.IV. Improved Therapeutic Effects of 4-O-Acyl-L-cladinose Analogues of Sixteen-membered Macrolide Antibiotics. (1997)

Six derivatives of sixteen-membered macrolides possessing 4-O-acyl-alpha-L-cladinose as a neutral sugar were synthesized via 3"-methylthiomethyl ether intermediates in reasonable yield. Introduction of a methyl group on the 3"-hydroxyl group of midecamycin A1 was effective for enhancing its antibacterial activity. All these derivatives exhibited excellent therapeutic effects in mice, and some of them showed improved pharmacokinetics compared with the natural antibiotics (mycarose type) in mice. Facile synthesis of 9-O-acylated analogues are also described.
Synthesis, crystal structure and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry of a novel one-dimensional cyano-bridged Ni(II)–Au(I) polymer (2000)

Reaction of nickel(II) acetate with tren [tren=tris(2-aminoethyl)amine] and K[Au(CN)2] produced [Ni(tren)Au(CN)2][Au(CN)2] (1), which consists of cis-[Ni(tren)]2+ units linked by Au(CN)2− to form infinite zig-zag chains. The complex obeys the Curie–Weiss law throughout the temperature range 4–300 K, with a Curie constant of 1.10 cm3 K mol−1 and a Weiss temperature, θ, of 0.62 K. The electrospray mass spectrum of 1 in H2O–CH3OH shows peaks that can be described by the general formulae {[Ni(tren)]n[Au(CN)2]2n−1}+ (n=1–4) and {[Ni(tren)]n[Au(CN)2]2n−2}2+ (n=2–9). Based on the crystal structure of the polymer, these ions are best described as composed of an oligomeric cation that may be associated with one or more Au(CN)2− counter ions.
Uprolides D-G, 2. A Rare Family of 4,7-Oxa-bridged Cembranolides from the Caribbean Gorgonian Eunicea mammosa (1995)

Five new cytotoxic cembranolides possessing a rare 4,7-oxa-bridged functionality were isolated from the gorgonian Eunicea mammosa. The structures of 5, 7-9, and 10 were deduced from spectroscopic data and by chemical correlation experiments.
Inter- and Intramolecular Hetero-Diels-Alder Reactions, Part 48.<sup>1</sup> <i>De-Novo</i>Synthesis of Enantiopure Carbohydrates: Preparation of Ethyl β-D- and β-L-Mannopyranosides by an Asymmetrically Induced Hetero Diels-Alder Reaction (1994)

The synthesis of dihydropyrans 4 and 5 based on the asymmetrically 1,6-induced intermolecular hetero Diels-Alder reaction of the heterodiene 2 [(4S)-4-tert-Butyl-3-[(E)-4′-benzyloxy-2′-oxo-3′-butenoyl]-oxazolidin-2-one] with (Z)-1-acetoxy-2-ethoxyethene 3 in the presence of a Lewis acid is described. A reversal of facial differentiation could be achieved by variation of the Lewis acid. Thus cycloaddition of 2 and 3 preferentially yields 4 in the presence of Me2AICl and 5 using TMS-OTf. Simple transformations of 4 and 5, respectively afforded the desired ethyl mannopyranosides 12 and ent-12 diastereoselectively and in good yield.
The C31 parallel benchmark suite - introduction and preliminary results (1996)

Current parallel benchmarks, while appropriate for scientific applications, lack the defense relevance and representativeness for developers who are considering parallel computers for their Command, Control, Communication, and Intelligence (C3I) systems. We present a new set of compact application benchmarks which are specific to the C3I application domain. The C3I Parallel Benchmark Suite (C3IPBS) program is addressing the evaluation of not only machine performance, but also the software implementation effort. Our methodology currently draws heavily from the PARKBENCH[2] and NAS Parallel Benchmarks[1]. The paper presents the benchmarking methodology, introduces the benchmarks, and reports initial results and analysis. Finally, we describe the lessons that we have learned so far from formulating and implementing the C3I benchmarks.