gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Intermediate Frequency Modes of Single‐ and Double‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes: A Raman Spectroscopic and In Situ Raman Spectroelectrochemical Study (2006)

In the manuscript by M. Kalbac et al., the bottom axis in the left-hand panel of Figure 5 is incorrect and could lead to a misunderstanding of the data presented. The correct version is shown below. The authors apologize for this error and for any inconvenience caused.1 Figure 5. Potential-dependent Raman spectra (excited at 2.18 eV) of DWCNTs on a Pt electrode in 0.2 M LiClO4+acetonitrile. The electrode potential varied by increments of 0.3 V from 1.2 to −1.8 V vs. Fc/Fc+ for curves from top to bottom. Spectra are offset for clarity, but the intensity scale is identical for all spectra. The peaks at 920 and 934 cm−1 (marked with *) are assigned to the electrolyte solution. The bands assigned to inner tubes are marked with arrows. The bold curve indicates the spectrum of DWCNTs in the nearly undoped state.
Coverage of Implementations by Simulating Specifications (2002)

In formal verification, we verify that an implementation is correct with respect to a specification. When verification succeeds and the implementation is proven to be correct, there is still a question of how complete the specification is, and whether it really covers all the behaviors of the implementation. In this paper we study coverage for simulation-based formal verification, where both the implementation and the specification are modelled by labeled state-transition graphs, and an implementation I satisfies a specification S if S simulates I. Our measure of coverage is based on small modifications we apply to I. A part of I is covered by S if the mutant implementation in which this part is modified is no longer simulated by S. Thus, “mutation coverage” tells us which parts of the implementation were actually essential for the success of the verification. We describe two algorithms for finding the parts of the implementation that are covered by S. The first algorithm improves a naive algorithm that checks the mutant implementations one by one by exploiting the significant overlaps among the mutant implementations. The second algorithm is symbolic, and it improves a naive symbolic algorithm by reducing the number of variables in the OBDDs involved. In addition, we compare our coverage measure with other approaches for measuring coverage.
Measurements of the nitric acid to NO<sub>x</sub> ratio in the troposphere (1990)

Nitric acid concentrations, measured by both teflon/nylon filter packs (FP) and the tungstic oxide denuder (DEN), are compared with the average NO x concentrations from laser‐induced fluorescent and chemiluminescent methods. The HNO 3 /NO x ratio based on filter packs ranged from 0.8 to 10.4, with a mean of 3.4. The DEN nitric acid concentrations produced ratios ranging from <0.3 to 9.8, with a mean of 2.6. Average marine ratios were larger than those from continental regions, in part due to continental anthropogenic sources of NO x . Although we collected very few boundary layer samples, their average ratios were smaller than those in the free troposphere, apparently because of the effect of dry surface removal of nitric acid. The nitric acid to NO x ratio was greatest when the NO x /NO y ratio was smallest, such that the nitrogen photochemistry was nearing completion.
Chromosomal assignments for porcine genes encoding enzymes in hepatic metabolic pathways. (2002)

International audience
The Lck Tyrosine Kinase Is Expressed in Brain Neurons (1996)

The lck gene product, p56lck, is a member of the src-related family of protein tyrosine kinases. It is known as lymphocyte specific and involved in thymocyte development and in the immune response mediated by the T cell receptor. We report that the lck gene is also expressed in adult mouse CNS and that brain p56lck is similar to the thymus protein. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry show that the lck gene is expressed in neurons throughout the brain in distinct regions, including hippocampus and cerebellum. In primary cultures from fetal mouse brain, neuronal cells are immunoreactive to Lck antiserum. This suggests that the lck gene product might be involved in a new signal transduction pathway in mouse brain.
Genome Variation, the Epigenome and Cellular Phenotypes (2019)

Phenotypic instability in the context of mammalian production cell lines can lead to substantial variation and unpredictable behavior of cells and to instability of recombinant protein expression. Reasons for this common phenomenon include genomic instability, consisting of sequence mutations, translocations resulting in chromosomal rearrangements, and variation in chromosome number as will occur in every rapidly growing cell line. On the other hand, epigenetic regulation has been identified as a major contributor to phenotypic variation. This is based on cis-acting mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, as well as trans-acting downstream effectors and noncoding RNAs. These mechanisms are highly interconnected and should not be considered as isolated processes. This chapter gives an overview over the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-related literature with respect to genomic instability and highlights the impact of epigenetics on the phenotype of cells, including an overview of how epigenetic modulation of gene expression (be it globally or targeted) offers an exciting complement to traditional genetic and metabolic engineering tools.
Modelling and design of microinductors for power supply on chip applications (2015)

The never-ending pursuit of higher power density and efficiency has driven researchers to explore new areas of device integration and fabrication of dc-dc converters. To improve power density and efficiency researchers are developing novel components and packaging technologies, with the ultimate goal of integrating active and passive components together to realise a heterogeneous Power Supply on Chip (PwrSoC). The main roadblock to achieving a fully integrated power supply on chip is an efficient, miniaturised inductive filter element. Microinductors are limited by a number of the factors including device structure, core materials and fabrication process constraints. Within these limits, however, lie significant opportunities to improve and advance research towards the holy grail of an efficient PwrSoC. This thesis contributes to the development of PwrSoC, a robust analytical analysis of uncoupled racetrack and coupled stripline microinductors, from the design stage through to their performance in prototype dc-dc converters. There is a particular focus on the distribution of microinductors to realise a highly granular power supply, leading to improved system level performance.
Derivation of Second Order Canonic All-Pass Digital Filter Realizations (2006)

This paper deals with the derivation of two canonic all-pass digital filter realizations, first proposed by Mitra and Hirano. In contrast to their derivation, which uses a three-pair approach, our derivation is much simpler because we use a two-pair approach, in which only four, instead of nine parameters have to be chosen.
Imaging the dynamic tissue response to inhaled carbogen (2004)

We have measured the dynamic changes in the optical properties of tissues in response to inspiratory hypercapnia and hyperoxia. We observed enhanced image contrast between cancerous and normal tissues of the animals studied.
Energy Landscape for large average submatrix detection problems in\n Gaussian random matrices (2012)

The problem of finding large average submatrices of a real-valued matrix\narises in the exploratory analysis of data from a variety of disciplines,\nranging from genomics to social sciences. In this paper we provide a detailed\nasymptotic analysis of large average submatrices of an $n \\times n$ Gaussian\nrandom matrix. The first part of the paper addresses global maxima. For fixed\n$k$ we identify the average and the joint distribution of the $k \\times k$\nsubmatrix having largest average value. As a dual result, we establish that the\nsize of the largest square sub-matrix with average bigger than a fixed positive\nconstant is, with high probability, equal to one of two consecutive integers\nthat depend on the threshold and the matrix dimension $n$. The second part of\nthe paper addresses local maxima. Specifically we consider submatrices with\ndominant row and column sums that arise as the local optima of iterative search\nprocedures for large average submatrices. For fixed $k$, we identify the\nlimiting average value and joint distribution of a $k \\times k$ submatrix\nconditioned to be a local maxima. In order to understand the density of such\nlocal optima and explain the quick convergence of such iterative procedures, we\nanalyze the number $L_n(k)$ of local maxima, beginning with exact asymptotic\nexpressions for the mean and fluctuation behavior of $L_n(k)$. For fixed $k$,\nthe mean of $L_{n}(k)$ is $\\Theta(n^{k}/(\\log{n})^{(k-1)/2})$ while the\nstandard deviation is $\\Theta(n^{2k^2/(k+1)}/(\\log{n})^{k^2/(k+1)})$. Our\nprincipal result is a Gaussian central limit theorem for $L_n(k)$ that is based\non a new variant of Stein's method.\n
National Identity and Democratic Prospects in Socialist China. By Edward Friedman. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1995. 359p. $55.00 cloth, $19.95 paper. (1996)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Haag-Dessau-Katalysatoren zur Ringöffnung von Cycloalkanen (2001)

Cycloalkane, die leicht aus überschüssigen, in der Petrochemie als Koppelprodukte anfallenden Arenen hergestellt werden können, lassen sich unter Wasserstoffdruck zu n-Alkanen für den Einsatz im Steamcracker umsetzen. Die höchsten Ausbeuten werden an Zeolith H-ZSM-5 mit verschwindend geringen Edelmetallmengen, einem Katalysator mit neuartigem Crackverhalten, erzielt.
Refining the Binding of the Escherichia coli Flagellar Master Regulator, FlhD <sub>4</sub> C <sub>2</sub> , on a Base-Specific Level (2011)

The Escherichia coli flagellar master regulator, FlhD(4)C(2), binds to the promoter regions of flagellar class II genes, yet, despite extensive analysis of the FlhD(4)C(2)-regulated promoter region, a detailed consensus sequence has not emerged. We used in vitro and in vivo experimental approaches to determine the nucleotides in the class II promoter, fliAp, required for the binding and function of FlhD(4)C(2). FlhD(4)C(2) protects 48 bp (positions -76 to -29 relative to the σ(70)-dependent transcriptional start site) in the fliA promoter. We divided the 48-bp footprint region into 5 sections to determine the requirement of each DNA segment for the binding and function of FlhD(4)C(2). Results from an in vitro binding competition assay between the wild-type FlhD(4)C(2)-protected fragment and DNA fragments possessing mutations in one section of the 48-bp protected region showed that only one-third of the 48 bp protected by FlhD(4)C(2) is required for FlhD(4)C(2) binding and fliA promoter activity. This in vitro binding result was also seen in vivo with fliA promoter-lacZ fusions carrying the same mutations. Only seven bases (A(12), A(15), T(34), A(36), T(37), A(44), and T(45)) are absolutely required for the promoter activity. Moreover, A(12), A(15), T(34), T(37), and T(45) within the 7 bases are highly specific to fliA promoter activity, and those bases form an asymmetric recognition site for FlhD(4)C(2). The implications of the asymmetry of the FlhD(4)C(2) binding site and its potential impact on FlhD(4)C(2) are discussed.
Ergonomics Applied to Hair Restoration (1996)

Surgeries that restore hair through mini or micro grafts are in many cases long and tedious. Trying to find a methodology to expedite surgery and make it more dynamic we approached its ergonomic and rational analysis. Ergonomics or human engineering—a science that studies the application of
Formation and decay mechanisms of electron–hole pairs in amorphous SiO2 (2002)

We present theoretical evidence for the creation of an electron–hole pair at an edge-sharing SiO4 site that is supposed to exist in a-SiO2 as an intrinsic structural defect. The present electron–hole pair consists of a nonbridging oxygen hole center and an E′ center, but these paramagnetic defects do not form a close pair but are separately located by over ∼4 Å. The subsequent decay mechanism along with the related radiolytic process is also discussed.
Asymmetric induction and configurational correlations in oxidations at sulphur. Part V. Oxidations of optically active esters of o-(methylthio)benzoic acid by achiral peroxy-acids (1969)

Oxidation of optically active esters of o-(methylthio)benzoic acid with achiral peroxy-acids (perbenzoic and 2,4,6-trimethylperbenzoic acids) yields mixtures of the corresponding diastereomeric sulphoxides, enriched in one of the components. Hydrolysis affords optically active o-methylsulphinylbenzoic acid. The absolute chirality of the latter depends on the chirality of the inducing alcohol. The optical yields are noticeably higher with the bulkier trimethylperbenzoic acid. The asymmetric induction is interpreted in terms of eclipsing effects of small, medium, and large groups. A correlation model, based on those conformations of the diastereomeric transition states which present the largest difference of steric compression, is suggested.
An Efficient Synthesis of <i>erythro</i>-β-Hydroxy-<scp>l</scp>-histidine, the Pivotal Amino Acid of Bleomycin-Fe(II)–O2 Complex (1988)

Abstract erythro-β-Hydroxy-l-histidine is efficiently synthesized in organic solvents from the aldol reaction of (R)-3-bromoacetyl-4-isopropyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one and 1-triphenylmethylimidazole-4-carbaldehyde followed by SN2 reaction with LiN3 and hydrogenation.
W88 integrated circuit shelf life program (1998)

The W88 Integrated Circuit Shelf Life Program was created to monitor the long term performance, reliability characteristics, and technological status of representative WR ICs manufactured by the Allied Signal Albuquerque Microelectronics Operation (AMO) and by Harris Semiconductor Custom Integrated Circuits Division. Six types of ICs were used. A total of 272 ICs entered two storage temperature environments. Electrical testing and destructive physical analysis were completed in 1995. During each year of the program, the ICs were electrically tested and samples were selected for destructive physical analysis (DPA). ICs that failed electrical tests or DPA criteria were analyzed. Fifteen electrical failures occurred, with two dominant failure modes: electrical overstress (EOS) damage involving the production test programs and electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage during analysis. Because of the extensive handling required during multi-year programs like this, it is not unusual for EOS and ESD failures to occur even though handling and testing precautions are taken. The clustering of the electrical test failures in a small subset of the test operations supports the conclusion that the test operation itself was responsible for many of the failures and is suspected to be responsible for the others. Analysis of the electrical data for the good ICs found no significant degradation trends caused by the storage environments. Forty-six ICs were selected for DPA with findings primarily in two areas: wire bonding and die processing. The wire bonding and die processing findings are not surprising since these technology conditions had been documented during manufacturing and were determined to present acceptable risk. The current reliability assessment of the W88 stockpile assemblies employing these and related ICs is reinforced by the results of this shelf life program. Data from this program will aid future investigation of 4/3 micron or MNOS IC technology failure modes.
<title>Micro-size ball lenses for micro-optics: theory and experiment</title> (1996)

Two modeling approaches for analyzing micro-size ball lenses will be described. Due to the low divergence angle of the light coming out of a single mode fiber (SMF), a Gaussian Optics analysis, integrated with ray tracing, is needed to design the optical subsystems such as fiber collimators. On the other hand, due to the large divergence angle of the light coming out of the laser diode (LD), an exact solution of Maxwell's equation which can be obtained by spherical harmonic expansion, is needed in order to predict the coupling efficiency from a LD to a SMF accurately. These models were applied to the cases of forward coupling and back reflections with various arrangements of the optical elements. Excellent agreement was found between the predictions of these two models and the experimental results. These models are very important for assemblies using micro-machined micro-optical parts since they have little or no allowance for alignment adjustments.
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease with an Asymptomatic Type I Choledochal Cyst (2013)

ìì¼ìì²´ ì°ì± ë¤ë­ì ì ê°ì¥ íí ì ì ì± ì ì§íì íëë¡ì ì ë³ë¥ ì´ ì¸êµ¬ ì½ 1,000ëª ë¹ 1ëª ì ì´ë¥´ê³ êµ­ë´ íì¡ í¬ì íìì ì½ 2%ë¥¼ ì°¨ì§íë¤. ADPKDìì ì ì¥ ì¸ ë­ì¢ ì ê°ìì ê°ì¥ ííê² ëíëë©° ê·¸ ì¸ ì¥ê¸°ë¡ ì·ì¥, ë¹ì¥ ë±ììë ë°ê²¬ëì§ë§ ë´ê´ë­ì¢ ì´ ëë°ë ê²½ì°ë ë§¤ì° ëë¬¼ë¤. ADPKDë¥¼ ì§ë¨ë°ê³ ì¸ë ê²½ê³¼ê´ì°° ì¤ì´ë 60ì¸ ì¬ì íìê° ì ì ì ì½ê³¼ ìì ì íë¡ ë´ìíìê³ ì ì í ì¤ìí ë³µë¶ ì»´í¨í°ë¨ì¸µì´¬ì ë° ë³µë¶ ìê¸°ê³µëª ë´ì·ê´ì¡°ìì ìì ë¤ë­ì ì ëë°ë Ií ë´ê´ë­ì¢ ì¼ë¡ ì§ë¨ëìë¤. íìë ë´ì í¹ì ë´ëì¼ ë±ì ê³¼ê±°ë ¥ì´ ì í ìê³ ììì¦ì¸ê° ìì¼ë©° ìììíì  ê²ì¬ìì ì¸ë¶ ì¢ ê´´ì ìí ë´ê´ ìë° ìê²¬ì´ ìì´ ì íì ì¸ ì ì²ì±ì ë´ê´ë­ì¢ ííë¥¼ ë³´ì´ê³ ìì´ ì¸ê³¼ì  ìì ë±ì ì¹ë£ë ìííì§ ìê³ ì¸ëìì ê²½ê³¼ê´ì°° ì¤ì´ë¤. ì ì ì  ì¬ì ë¤ë­ì¢ ì ì¼íì¼ë¡ ë³¼ ì ìë ë¤ë­ì ê³¼ ë´ê´ë­ì¢ ì ëë° ë°ìì ëí´ìë ìì§ ë°ì ê¸°ì ì´ ëª ííê² ë°íì§ì§ ììê³ ì¹ë£ë°©ë² ëí ì ë¦½ëì´ ìì§ ìë¤. ìì¼ë¡ ë ì§íì ì ì ì , ë°ìíì  ìê´ê´ê³ ë° ì¹ë£ì ëí ì°êµ¬ê° íìí ê²ì¼ë¡ ìê°íë¤. ì¤ì¬ ë¨ì´: ìì¼ìì²´ ì°ì± ë¤ë­ì ; ë´ê´ë­ì¢ ; ë¤ë­ê°
Set up of a cardiovascular simulator: application to the evaluation of the dynamical behavior of atheroma plaques in human arteries (2010)

In this work a circulating loop capable of mimicking the physiological pressure and flow conditions inside a vessel is set up. The circulating loop consists of an artificial heart coupled to a perfusion line made of polyethylene and silicon. The artificial heart is driven by a pneumatic pump which provides the desired heart rate, pressure values and length of the systolic and diastolic period of each cycle. To measure the changes in diameter of the segment under study, an ultrasonic probe in pulse eco mode is used. For pressure monitoring a pressure sensor is positioned inside the sample. Pressure-diameter loops were obtained for characterization of the dynamical properties of the arterial wall. In vitro measurements were made on three different conduits: 1) Calibrated tubes made of latex: these phantoms were characterized by the presented method, 2) Non-atherosclerotic human carotid arteries obtained from donors and 3) Atherosclerotic human carotid arteries with atheroma plaques. In the three cases, under physiological simulated conditions, the mechanical properties of the conduit were obtained. We conclude that atheroma plaques were successfully detected and its dynamical properties characterized. This method could be used in the experimental and clinical field to characterize the effects of atheroma plaques on the arterial wall biomechanics.
Influence of Pad Chamfering on Disk Brake Squeal (2008)

This study presents experimental and analytical results about the influence of pad chamfering on squeal vibration in the disk-pad-caliper system, which is modeled after an actual disk brake. In the leading side of contact area, the disk and the pad-caliper vibrate with the same amplitude and the same phase at a point. We call this point “contact point”. Chamfering of the pad on the leading edge decreases the sound pressure level of squeal and moves the contact point from the leading side to the center of the pad. On the other hand, chamfering of the pad on the trailing edge has no relation to the squeal vibration. To clarify the influence of chamfering on squeal, we analyzed the disk-pad-caliper system as a surface contact analysis model, which combined the disk with pad-caliper by distributed springs.
Intensified induction chemotherapy in adult acute myeloid leukemia followed by high-dose chemotherapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: an eastern cooperative oncology group trial (E4995) (2004)

The feasibility of intensified therapy in adults < 61-years-old with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was evaluated by adding high-dose cytarabine (HDAC) to conventional induction therapy and in post-remission therapy prior to peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Patients were treated with conventional induction therapy (daunorubicin days 1-3 and cytarabine days 1-7), followed by HDAC (2 gm/M2) every 12 h ( x 6) on days 8-10. Patients in complete remission (CR) with HLA-matched siblings were assigned to allogeneic PBSCT; the others received two courses of HDAC (3 gm/M2 every 12 h on days 1, 3, and 5) given 1 month apart. Peripheral blood stem cells were then harvested and infused after high-dose chemotherapy. Of 62 eligible, evaluable patients, 47 (76%) achieved CR. The mortality rate was 10% (6 patients); no deaths occurred during the two post-remission courses of HDAC. Fifteen patients were assigned to allogeneic PBSCT and 32 to autologous PBSCT. All surviving patients have been followed for more than 4 years. Including all patients scheduled to receive autoPBSCT in an intent-to-treat analysis, after a median 5-year follow-up the current, non-actuarial, four-year event-free and overall survival was 47% and 47%, respectively. Intensified induction therapy was associated with more toxicity than conventional induction therapy, and the CR rate did not improve. Nevertheless, intensive post-remission therapy was well tolerated, no treatment-related mortality occurred with autologous PBSCT, and disease-free survival and overall survival were lengthy.
Avid ln-111 Labeled WBC Accumulation in a Patient With Active Osteoarthritis of Both Knees (1995)

An In-111 WBC study showed intense periarticular uptake in both knees of a patient being investigated to exclude joint infection before total knee replacement surgery for advanced osteoarthritis. Infection was subsequently excluded. Patients with synovitis secondary to active osteoarthritis can have intense synovial uptake of labeled WBCs. This should be considered as a cause of false-positive scans in the investigation of septic arthritis with labeled WBCs.