gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Determination of Circulating Soluble Egg Antigen in Urine and Serum of Schistosoma mansoni-Infected Individuals Using a Combined Two-Site Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (1994)

Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA-5B1 using monoclonal antibody [MAb] 114-5B1-A [IgG1] and ELISA-4D12 using MAb 114-4D12-A [IgG3]) that detect circulating soluble egg antigen (CSEA) of Schistosoma mansoni were combined into one assay. This assay showed better performance than either of the two MAbs alone in detecting egg antigen, which was demonstrated with 80 urine samples from patients infected with Schistosoma mansoni from Zaire. The lower detection limit of the combined ELISA was 90 pg of the trichloroacetic acid-soluble fraction of soluble egg antigen (SEA-TCA) per milliliter. Thirty-two serum samples and 107 urine samples from uninfected Dutch individuals were negative when tested with the combined ELISA. This assay showed the same sensitivity (86.3%) with patients' urine samples as parallel testing with ELISA-5B1 and ELISA-4D12 (85%), while ELISA-5B1 and ELISA-4D12 showed sensitivities of 81.3% and 75%, respectively. The sensitivity of the combined ELISA with 51 serum samples was 84.3%, and three of five serum samples available from the seven patients with negative urine were positive for CSEA. The concentration of CSEA calculated from a four-parameters logistic curve for samples tested showed a correlation with egg output and serum circulating anodic antigen (P < 0.0001). Circulating soluble egg antigen in urine showed a significant decrease with an increase in age of the patients in relation to serum CSEA and egg output.
Clinical conversations: nurses who work with patients with interstitial cystitis. (2000)

Nurses who work with patients with interstitial cystitis agree these patients demand considerable clinician time. Interstitial cystitis is a chronic disease with several etiologic theories explaining the syndrome. Diagnosis and treatment are already updated in the preceding article by Dr. Peters. Conversations with nurses who practice in different areas of the United States extend this discussion by addressing patient issues and offering specific nursing advice.
Impaired Recognition of Facial Emotion in Mania (2002)

Impaired perception of facial emotion may contribute to behaviors in mania. Impaired recognition of fear and disgust, with relatively preserved recognition of other basic emotions, contrasts with findings for depression and is consistent with a mood-congruent positive bias.
Is Interferon Tissue Specific? -- Effect of Human Leukocyte and Fibroblast Interferons on the Growth of Lymphoblastoid and Osteosarcoma Cell Lines (1977)

The growth inhibitory effect of human leukocyte and fibroblast interferons was tested in vitro. The effect of fibroblast interferon was more pronounced on osteosarcoma cells and the effect of leukocyte interferon was more pronounced on lymphoid cells. This suggests that the capacity of interferon to inhibit cell growth is, in some measure, tissue specific.
Ultra Wide Swath Deep Sea Interferometric Multibeam Echo Sounder With Sea Bottom Imaging System (2005)

The SIMRAD EM12 is a new full ocean depth multibeam echo sounder, operating at 13 kHz. By use of interf erometric signal processing techniques it will acheive an ultra wide swath geometry of 150 degrees, corresponding to 7 . 5 times the depth of water. The system will in addition to the bathymetry produce a fully corrected sidescan sonar image of the seafloor.on to the depth soundings, the EM12 has the capability to generate a sidescan image of the seabed. Basic Concepts
Atlas of the Schumann–Runge Absorption Bands of O2 in the Wavelength Region 175–205 nm (1984)

After a critical summary of previous wavelength measurements and rotational line assignments of the Schumann–Runge absorption bands of O2, the results of the present study performed at high resolution with a 6.65 m vacuum spectrograph are given. These include (a) an atlas of the Schumann–Runge absorption bands of O2 at 300 K showing detailed rotational line assignments in the wavelength region 175–205 nm containing the bands (v′,0) with v′=0–21 and (v′,1) with v′=2–16; (b) tables of wave numbers measured for rotationally assigned principal branch lines belonging to the bands (v′,0) with v′=0–17 and (v′,1) with v′=2–17; (c) a table of measured wave numbers of lines in the region near the dissociation limit where many unassigned lines exist; (d) a table of wave numbers calculated for satellite and forbidden lines belonging to the bands (9,0)–(17,0) together with the few values obtained from our measurements; and (e) a table of term values for the upper state B 3Σ−u vibration–rotation levels with v′=9–17 calculated from measurements of the principal branch lines of the (9,0)–(17,0) bands and the known ground state term values.
BONE MINERAL DENSITY AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION (1995)

Kidney transplant recipients are exposed to multiple factors that lead to osteoporosis after kidney transplantation. Recent short-term longitudinal studies revealed a strong decline of bone mineral density (BMD) within 1 year after transplantation. The long-term course of BMD after transplantation is still unknown. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional study to determine BMD in 190 renal graft recipients (mean age 44 years, range 20-71 years) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at various time intervals up to 20 years after transplantation (range 0-237 months). Mean BMD of graft recipients was lower than BMD values of an age- and sex-matched European reference collective at every time of measurement after renal transplantation (P < 0.01). Lowest mean BMD values were measured 12-24 months after transplantation. No loss of BMD occurred after the second posttransplant year beyond the normal age- and sex-dependent decline of BMD. Mean daily prednisone dosage was significantly higher within the first 2 posttransplant years compared with the later posttransplant period (13.1 +/- 6.2 vs. 6.7 +/- 3.4 mg/day). Other drugs or metabolic causes, including daily dosage of CsA, AZA, parathormone level, and graft function, did not show additional important differences before and after the second posttransplant year. Interpreting the results of a cross-sectional study in light of a time-dependent process, we suggest that the preexisting low BMD of kidney transplant recipients at the time of transplantation is further strongly reduced within the initial 2 posttransplant years, probably due mainly to the effect of prednisone therapy. After that time, when prednisone dosage is below a threshold of 7.5 mg/day, only a moderate, normal loss of BMD is apparent, even in patients up to 20 years after transplantation.
Low temperature, sulfur tolerant homogeneous catalysts for the water-gas shift reaction (1986)

The objective of this project is to identify, prepare, test, characterize, and evaluate a practical, homogeneous catalyst for a water-gas shift process. The project effort is divided into the following five tasks: (1) Update SRI's recent review of the literature on the catalysis of the water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) to include references after 1982 and those in the patent literature. Based on this review, SRI will choose ten candidate systems to be evaluated as to their abilities to catalyze the WGSR using syngas derived from gasified coal. (2) Develop a test plan designed to effectively evaluate both the catalysts and, to some extent, reactor configuration for WGSR catalysis. (3) Perform a series of experiments to identify the most effective and economical of the ten candidate catalysts and then further evaluate the reaction kinetics of at least one selected catalyst system to develop sufficient data to provide the basis for the work in Task 4. (4) Develop a mathematical model of the final candidate system that uses rate expressions to describe the catalytic process. (5) Perform a techno-economical evaluation of the catalyst in terms of a proposed plant design based on the reaction model, current costs, and standard chemical engineering practice and compare the proposed design with a conventional hydrogen plant.
Calcium Zincate Synthesized by Ballmilling as a Negative Material for Secondary Alkaline Batteries (2004)

Calcium zincate has been successfully synthesized by a high-energy ballmilled method. The crystal structure, chemical composition, surface morphology, granularity distribution, and electrochemical performance have been investigated to compare with that prepared by a conventional chemical precipitation method. X-ray powder diffraction results revealed that the calcium zincate prepared by the two methods had a well-defined monoclinic structure using a Rietveld refinement method. Scanning electron microscope images and granularity analysis indicated that the ballmilled material was a finer powder with a higher specific surface area. The thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis showed that there was a slight difference in the crystalline water content in the chemical composition of the powders prepared by the two methods. The galvanostatic charge and discharge results showed that the ballmilled powder had a promising cyclic behavior due to the better electrochemical stability as revealed from the cyclic voltammetry. It is suggested that the ballmilled calcium zincate is more suitable for applications in secondary alkaline batteries. © 2004 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Iterative channel estimation for short preamble based OFDM/OQAM system (2009)

The existed preamble structure for orthogonal frequency division multiplex/offset QAM (OFDM/OQAM) system requires two zero-value guard symbols to guarantee ISI and ICI avoidance (equivalent to 3/2 complex value symbols in OFDM with cyclic prefix system), which leads to OFDM/OQAM system with low spectrum efficiency. In this paper, we shorten the preamble with 1 zero-value guard symbol to improve the spectrum efficiency. Unfortunately, the residual inter symbol interference (ISI) from neighbor symbols degrade the channel estimation performance. Therefore, we propose an iterative channel estimation method for OFDM/OQAM system to remove the residual ISI. Simulation results demonstrate that short preamble with iterative channel estimation is an effective method for OFDM/OQAM system. Furthermore, as the number of iterative time increasing, BER performance of short preamble with iterative channel estimation is approximately close to perfect channel estimation.
Economic Events Diary (2006)

The aim of the WER is to provide authoritative and objective analysis and commentary on the Welsh economy, and regional economies in general, in a manner that promotes understanding and informs decision-making. The intended audience includes academics, economic development practitioners, policy-makers, and anyone with an interest in the Welsh economy and/or regional economics.
EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC FIELD ON THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF QUANTUM DOTS (2002)

Within the framwork of the effective mass approximation, the electronic structures of quantum dots in the presence of electric field are investigated by the finite element method. Numerical calculation results show that, with finite confining potential, the highest electronic bound state in the quantum dots gradually changes into a quasi-bound state as the electric field strength increases. For the quantum-dot molecules, the valence bonds between quantum dots alternates between the covalent bonds and ionic bonds with increasing electric field strength. The oscillator strength of intraband transition reflects the effect of the electric field on the valence bond property in quantum-dot molecules.
Sex Therapy With LDS Couples (1982)

Recently, Allen Bergin in his President's Message in the Spring 1981 AMCAP Newsletter presesnted a statement of his views on sex therapy suggesting that is merely represents "modern sensual technologies" which "too frequently offer sensual substitutes for genuine intimacy" (1981a, p.1). It is our belief thet Dr. Bergin has presented an extreme view which some members may have misinterpreted as an AMCAP position paper rather than an individual's opinion. The authors, having specialized in the treatment of sexual dysfunction as well as in marital therapy, will present an alternative viewpoint on the value and need for sex therapy among LDS couples.
Lignin masks the presence of fibrillar network structure in the cell corner middle lamella (CCML) (2014)

Abstract The presence of fibrillar structures (FS) in the cell corner middle lamella (CCML) regions was demonstrated in several species of plants. The FS in the CCML of bass wood, oak wood, and bamboo became clearly visible after removal of lignin by wood decay fungi. The occurrence of FS in the CCML was also confirmed by examining early stages of cell wall formation in silver poplar, Japanese red pine, Arabidopsis and alfalfa. The fibrillar texture became increasingly less defined with the onset of lignification as the interfibrillar spaces were masked by lignin polymers and the fibrillar network became embedded within the lignin matrix. The FS stained positively with PATAg and ruthenium red, which is interpreted to be an indicator of the presence of structural polysaccharides (non-cellulosics and pectins). Our work demonstrated that fibrillar network is a characteristic feature of CCML of plant cell walls that is clearly visible prior to lignification of this cell wall region, but becomes invisible after the deposition of lignin.
The Continuing Increase of Diabetes in the U.S. (2001)

Diabetes is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the U.S. (1). The health care direct and indirect costs associated with diabetes in 1997 were an estimated $98 billion (2). Evidence from several studies indicates that obesity and weight gain are associated with an increased risk …
Making silicananoparticle-covered graphene oxide nanohybrids as general building blocks for large-area superhydrophilic coatings (2010)

We report a facile strategy to synthesize silica nanoparticles-coated graphene oxide (GO-SiO2) nanohybrids in a water-alcohol mixture at room temperature. AFM observations revealed that silica nanoparticles with ca. 50 nm in size were densely and evenly covered on graphene oxide sheets. Due to the space layer of silica nanoparticles, micro-scale GO-SiO2 hybrid plates could be individually dispersed in water and polar organic solvents, promising good solution-based processibility. The growth process of GO-supported silica is traced by TGA and XRD measurements, showing that 24 hours is enough to achieve a fine cover effect for the disappearance of (002) diffraction peak of GO. Based on the high dense overlaying of silica nanoparticles, up to micro-scale silica sheets with thickness of ca. 8 nm were readily fabricated by burning GO-SiO2 at 650 °C in air. Likewise, a centimeter-scale semitransparent film of silica nanosheets was prepared by calcining a GO-SiO2 film. Interestingly, the GO-SiO2 nanohybrids exhibit excellent hydrophilic nature and can be directly applied as a general kind of building blocks to construct large-area superhydrophilic surfaces on arbitrary substrates (e.g., lotus leaf, ceramic tile and polypropylene) through the simple drop-coating method. Such a coating methodology paves the way for making large-area superhydrophilic surface without extra process treatments and damaging the intrinsic structure of substrates.
REVERSAL OF SELECTIVE IgA DEFICIENCY IN A CHILD WITH JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AFTER PLASMA TRANSFUSIONS (1973)

A 10-year-old girl with selective IgA deficiency, recurrent sinusitis, otitis media, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis was given plasma for replacement of IgA. These treatments were followed by improvement in inflammatory joint disease and resolution of upper-respiratory tract infections. IgA was detected in her serum, parotid saliva, and tears 11 months after these transfusions. In addition, transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in response to phytohemagglutinin returned to normal levels.
3D wavefield extrapolation based demultiple in Ormen Lange (2004)

Complex surface related multiples generated by a rugose water bottom constitute a serious problem for obtaining a good quality image in the Ormen Lange field. The water bottom reflection is full of diffractions and the multiples of these diffractions are challenging for any 2D multiple suppression method. 2D Surface Related Multiple Elimination ( SRME) followed by high resolution Radon demultiple attenuate the specular part of the multiples along with part of the diffractions. This work is an attempt to further improve the multiple attenuation using a 3D wavefield extrapolation based demultiple method.
Reduced Environmental Impact and Improved Drilling Performance with Water-Based Muds Containing Glycols (1993)

ABSTRACT Concern over the environmental impact of drilling operations – in particular the disposal of whole mud and contaminated cuttings – is leading to a major reappraisal of acceptable mud types and the way in which they are used. Strict control over the use and discharge of fluids is exercised in, for example, the USA, the North Sea, the Adriatic and the CIS. Government agencies in almost every area of the world are conscious of the potential damage caused by drilling mud and cuttings discharges and are legislating accordingly. In addition to these legislative pressures, increasing demands are placed on fluids as the industry drills more extended reach, horizontal and high temperature/high pressure wells. These new challenges are in addition to existing ones – such as the need to control reactive shales, provide good fluid loss control and minimise formation damage – which remain critically important to the success of a well. Given these requirements asked of the fluid, many operators are convinced of the benefits of continuing to use oil based mud (OBM). Hence the industry, including companies such as BP, is committing considerable resources to developing ways of using OBM which comply with good environmental practices. These methods, such as cuttings cleaning and cuttings injection, are discussed by Minton, 1992 and Minton, Begby et. al., 1991.
The Efficacy Of Noncontact Oxygen Delivery Methods (2002)

Although wafting can never replace conventional methods of oxygen delivery to children, if these have failed, a standard pediatric oxygen mask can give significant oxygen therapy without irritating the patient. Care should be taken to place the mask in the area described (ie, opposite the chest) to give the maximum benefit. Short-term administration can be appropriate with standard oxygen tubing aimed at the airway.
SAW Parameters on Y-cut Langasite Structured Materials (2007)

This paper presents results and investigations of several new, man-made piezoelectric single crystal, Czochralski-grown substrate materials for surface acoustic waves (SAW) applications. These materials, langanite (LGN), langatate (LGT), Sr3TaGa3Si2O14 (STGS), Sr3NbGa3Si2O14 (SNGS), Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 (CTGS), and Ca3NbGa3Si2O14 (CNGS), have the same structure as langasite (LGS) and are of the same crystal class as quartz. These compounds are denser than quartz, resulting in lower phase velocities. They also have higher coupling. Unlike quartz and lithium niobate, there is no degradation of material properties below the material melting points resulting in the possibility of extreme high-temperature operation (> 1000 degrees C). This paper gives a summary of extracted SAW material parameters for various propagation angles on Y-cut substrates of the six materials. Parameters included are electromechanical coupling, phase velocity, transducer capacitance, metal strip reflectivity, and temperature coefficient of frequency. Using previously published fundamental material constants, extracted parameters are compared with predictions for LGT and LGN. In addition, power flow angle and fractional frequency curvature data are reported for propagation angles on CTGS and CNGS Y-cut substrates that exhibit temperature compensation near room temperature. Detailed descriptions of the SAW parameter extraction techniques are given. A discussion of the results is provided, including a comparison of extracted parameters and an overview of possible SAW applications.
Path planning algorithms for agricultural field machines (2007)

In this thesis, a coverage path planning problem is discussed in the case of agricultural fields and agricultural machines. Methods and algorithms to solve this problem are developed. The necessary condition is to cover the whole field, while the goal is to find as efficient a route as possible. As yet, there is no universal algorithm or method capable of solving the problem in all cases.\n\nIn this thesis, two new approaches to solve the coverage path planning problem in the case of agricultural fields and agricultural machines are presented. In the first algorithm, the field plot is split into subfields that are simple to drive. Each subfield is constructed from trapezoids, the sides of which are attached. Thus the opposite sides of each subfield are parallel. In the search method, the best driving direction for each subfield is found. In the second algorithm, the path is planned on the basis of the machine's current state. Inspired by model predictive control, all the possible routes are simulated over the horizon of one route around the field or one back-and-forth swath. The best of the simulated routes is selected and the first part of that route is applied, up to the next turning. In the next turning, the algorithm is repeated. There are advantages and drawbacks in both algorithms. Neither of them solves the universal problem optimally. Nevertheless, the developed algorithms are remarkable steps towards finding a way to solve the problem.\n\nAs a side-result, the properties of Finnish field plots are discussed and the field plot shape analysis is made. The classification of field plots based on shape was investigated, but only 25% of field plots belong to one or other simple-shape classes, such as rectangles and triangles, while the rest are more or less undetermined shapes.\n\nThe other side-result is a trajectory generation for a tractor-trailer vehicle in a headland. The problem is formulated as an optimal control problem and solved using available methods and tools. With this approach, the trajectory can be solved for any headland width and angle.
The seed coat as a modulator of seed-environment relationships in Fabaceae (2001)

The seed coat is one of the main determinants of seed germination, vigor and longevity potentials. It is also intimately associated with temporal and spatial dispersion of seed germination in a large number of plant species. The understanding of its properties and characteristics may explain, anticipate or even allow the modification of seed performance under certain environmental conditions. There is a growing volume of evidence associating seed coat characteristics to specific seed problems. For example, susceptibility to mechanical damage is related to lignin content of the seed coat, while seed longevity and tolerance to field weathering depends on seed coat integrity. Seed performance in many legumes has been associated with certain seed coat structures, such as the hilum, strophiole and micropyle. In soybean, permeability is also related with porosity, color, and cerosity, that affect seed vigor, storage potential, resistance to shrinking and fungi infection, and to susceptibility to imbibition damage. The understanding of these associations is necessary before genetic alterations through breeding for desirable characteristics and is fundamental for the development and improvement of seed pre-sowing treatments, production, handling and quality evaluation procedures, which may ultimately result in reduction of seed quality losses and increase the efficiency of agricultural production systems.