gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A SOLUBLE BASIC SELENATE OF BERYLLIUM (1950)

This paper presents three-dimensional static modeling of the human lumbar spine to be used in the formation of anatomically-correct movement patterns for a fully cable-actuated robotic lumbar spine which can mimic in vivo human lumbar spine movements to provide better hands-on training for medical students. The mathematical model incorporates five lumbar vertebrae between the first lumbar vertebra and the sacrum, with dimensions of an average adult human spine. The vertebrae are connected to each other by elastic elements, torsional springs and a spherical joint located at the inferoposterior corner in the mid-sagittal plane of the vertebral body. Elastic elements represent the ligaments that surround the facet joints and the torsional springs represent the collective effect of intervertebral disc which plays a major role in balancing torsional load during upper body motion and the remaining ligaments that support the spinal column. The elastic elements and torsional springs are considered to be nonlinear. The nonlinear stiffness constants for six motion types were solved using a multiobjective optimization technique. The quantitative comparison between the angles of rotations predicted by the proposed model and in the experimental data confirmed that the model yields angles of rotation close to the experimental data. The main contribution is that the new model can be used for all motions while the experimental data was only obtained at discrete measurement points.
Relationship Between Leukocyte Kinetics and Behavioral Tests Changes in the Inflammatory Process of Hemorrhagic Stroke Recovery (2010)

In this study, we investigated the inflammatory response to hemorrhagic stroke (HS) as the main mechanism of brain functional recovery. Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 24) underwent surgery with sterile saline (control group, n = 12) and collagenase IV-S (stroke group, n = 12) being injected into the right striatum. White blood cell analysis, histological and immunohistological examination of the brain slices, as well as densitometric analysis of polymorphonuclear and microglial cells/macrophages were correlated with behavioral tests, and the data were subjected to appropriate statistical processing. The results indicate a strong correlation between polymorphonuclear and mononuclear changes in the blood and the zone of hemorrhagic stroke with behavioral tests of functional brain recovery. We propose that the inflammatory response is determined by kinetics of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells in both the blood and the hemorrhagic stroke zone. Kinetics of these cells is followed by the restoration of functions, and the maximum functional recovery is observed by the time polymorphonuclear and mononuclear stages have completed. With the development of inflammation and leukocyte kinetics, it is possible to predict functional recovery of hemorrhagic stroke. Improvement of the degree and rate of hemorrhagic stroke functional recovery may be achieved by therapeutic interventions into the inflammatory mechanisms influencing polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell kinetics.
A sulfone .BETA.-lactam compound which acts as a .BETA.-lactamase inhibitor. (1978)

CP-45,899 [3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo(3,2,0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 4,4-dioxide [2S-(2alpha,5alpha)]] has low intrinsic activity against most Gram-positive cocci, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas. It inhibits Neisseria at concentrations of 0.1 approximately 6.2 microgram/ml. The combination of CP-45,899 and ampicillin inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae resistant to ampicillin by virtue of beta-lactamase activity. Combination of CP-45,899 and cephalothin was synergistic less often, and CP-45,899 did not act synergistically with carbenicillin or ticarcillin against Pseudomonas resistant to these agents. CP-45,899 acted synergistically with ampicillin against Bacteroides. Synergy of CP-45,899 and ampicillin was demonstrated at varying concentrations suggesting that it may significantly enlarge the antibacterial activity of ampicillin against resistant bacteria.
Fast direct voltage controller for VSC transmission (2004)

This paper develops a controller that enables good stability and fast responses of voltage source converter (VSC) transmission. The design is challenging because the uncontrolled system is multivariable having two possible rectifier inputs and many possible rectifier outputs and similar inputs and outputs on the inverter side. It is determined that the fastest possible controller is inverter DC voltage. An additional controller loop is introduced to further improve the controller performance. Although the additional stabilising controller reduces the percentage overshoot it has negative affect at higher frequencies and this is improved by introducing an additional transfer function zero. The fast controller ensures that the system is stable but steady state error is eliminated by the introduction of two slower controllers: rectifier DC power and inverter AC voltage. The fast VSC transmission controller is tested in MATLAB and also in PSCAD to confirm operation in non-linear environment. It is concluded that this design achieves very fast DC voltage control with minimum overshooting and in this way components' overvoltages will be minimized.
Association of mood disturbance and arrhythmia events in patients after cardioverter defibrillator implantation (1999)

Mood disturbances, such as anxiety, may increase the risk for arrhythmia events after ICD insertion.
Acoustic waves and heating due to molecular energy transfer in an electric discharge CO laser (1976)

This paper summarizes analytical studies and the interpretation of experimental results for the compression and rarefaction waves generated in the cavity of a pulsed CO electric discharge laser. A one-dimensional analysis of acoustic waves is applied to a transversely excited laser. The influences of heating in the cathode fall, heat transfer to the cathode, flow through both the anode and cathode, and bulk heating of the plasma are included. The analysis is used to relate the bulk heating rate to observable features of the pressure and density waves. Data obtained from interferograms and reported elsewhere are used to infer the bulk heating rates in a pulsed CO laser. Results are presented for CO/Ar, CO/N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> , and N <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> plasmas. Comparison of the data with recent theoretical results for the heating due to electron/ neutral collisions and the anharmonic defect associated with <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">V-V</tex> energy transfer shows substantial differences at lower values of total energy deposition. The change of heating With <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E/N</tex> is in fairly good agreement with predicted values.
STUDIES ON THE DYEING PHENOMENA IN RELATION TO THE CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE OF FIBRES (1955)

Experiments with selected substantive dyestuffs, it has been confirmed that the crystalline regions of natural and regenerated cellulose fibres obtained by Maeda's method show a characteristic dyeability according to crystalline structure and the spatial distribution, size, and uniformity of crystallites. As a rule, under the same dyeing condition, the crystalline region from the fibre of higher crystallinity shows a better dyeability. The materials arranged in order of dyeability of the crystalline region concerned are as follows:a) Cotton, b) Tramomen, c) Curled Rayon Staple, d) Tyre Cord Rayon, e) Ordinary Rayon, f) Ordinary Rayon Staple.This may be due to the hardening of crystalline regions while drying. The smaller the crystalline region, the more remarkable is the effect of hardening. In other words, dyeability decreases as the crystalline region becomes smaller. Generally the dyeability of a crystalline region is greater than that of the fibre itself. But dyeing behavior varies according to the dyeing conditions.
Identification of a Streptococcus gordonii SspB domain that mediates adhesion to Porphyromonas gingivalis (1997)

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a primary pathogen in adult periodontitis, may establish itself in the oral cavity by adhering to early plaque bacteria such as Streptococcus gordonii. Our previous studies (R. J. Lamont et al., Microbiology 140:867-872, 1994) suggested that this interaction is mediated by the SspB polypeptide, a member of the antigen I/II family of streptococcal surface proteins. S. gordonii was recently shown to express a second Ssp polypeptide (SspA) that resembles SspB and the structurally homologous antigen I/II polypeptide (Pac) of Streptococcus mutans. To determine if all of these related antigen I/II proteins interacted with P. gingivalis, SspA, SspB, and Pac were tested for adhesion to P. gingivalis cells. Both of the S. gordonii Ssp proteins bound labeled target cells, whereas the S. mutans Pac polypeptide did not, suggesting that antigen I/II-mediated binding of P. gingivalis by streptococci may be species specific. To investigate the molecular basis for this functional difference, the P. gingivalis binding domain of SspB was mapped. The binding properties of a family of truncated SspB polypeptides lacking C-terminal sequences were determined. In addition, the lack of binding activity exhibited by the Pac protein was exploited to construct and analyze chimeric SspB-Pac polypeptides. Both approaches revealed that the region defined by residues 1167 to 1250 of SspB was essential for P. gingivalis binding. This region of SspA and SspB is entirely conserved, consistent with the binding properties determined for these proteins. However, the corresponding region of Pac differs in both the primary sequence and predicted secondary structure, suggesting that the overall structure of this domain may define its functional activity.
TETRAHYDRO-3,4-FURANDIONE. II. DIOXOLANE AND DIOXANE DERIVATIVES (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTETRAHYDRO-3,4-FURANDIONE. II. DIOXOLANE AND DIOXANE DERIVATIVESEdward C. Kendall and Zoltan G. HajosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 12, 3220–3221Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01497a060https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01497a060research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Tomato Fruit Size and Quality Interrelationships1 (1971)

Abstract The interrelationships between tomato fruit weight, Brix, pH and titratable acidity were studied in 2 constant parent groups of F 1 ’s, their 11 parental lines and 2 sets of P-F 1 ’s. Estimates of genetic and phenotypic correlations between high Brix and high titratable acidity and between low pH and high titratable acidity suggested considerable pleiotropic role of genes. The desirable assocation of high Brix with low pH was phenotypically unstable and appeared to have little detectable genetical basis. Fruit weight was poorly correlated with quality traits. Implications of these findings in a breeding program are discussed.
Scavenger Receptors for Oxidized Lipoprotein in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (2007)

Oxidized lipoproteins are present in AMD lesions. Macrophages and RPE in the CNV membranes express cell surface scavenger receptors for oxidized lipoproteins. These findings suggest that macrophages may accumulate to take up oxidized lipoproteins in AMD and that the control of oxidative stress and macrophage responses may therefore be potential treatments for AMD.
Protection of porcine endothelial cells against apoptosis with interleukin‐4 (2011)

IL-4 induces activation of Jak3/STAT6 and phosphorylation of Bad in porcine ECs, ultimately resulting in effective protection of the ECs from apoptosis. Delineation of downstream signals activated by IL-4 that are required for induction of protection suggests possible sites of intervention to design effective therapeutic agents. This is of interest because substances such as IL-4 have pleiotropic effects and cannot be used directly due to potential deleterious effects. Inducing resistance to apoptosis in porcine vascular endothelium may be important to facilitate xenograft survival and accommodation.
Etude de l'activation des plaquettes sanguines induite par l'adenosine 5-diphosphate : les thienopyridines comme outil pharmacologique selectif (1991)

We explored a "template-free" approach to arranging colloidal particles into a network pattern by a convective self-assembly technique. In this approach, which we call "two-step convective self-assembly," a stripe pattern of colloidal particles is first prepared on a substrate by immersing it in a suspension. The substrate with the stripes is then rotated by 90° and again immersed in the suspension to produce stripes perpendicular to the first ones, resulting in a grid-pattern network of colloidal arrays. The width of the colloidal grid lines can be controlled by changing the particle concentration while maintaining an almost constant spacing between the lines. On the basis of these results, we propose a mechanism for grid pattern formation. Our method is applicable to various types of particles. In addition, the wide applicability of this method was employed to create a hybrid grid pattern.
Noncontact monitoring of incision depth in laser surgery with air-coupled ultrasound transducers (2016)

Lack of haptic feedback during laser surgery makes it difficult to control the incision depth, leading to high risk of undesired tissue damage. Here, we present a new feedback sensing method that accomplishes noncontact real-time monitoring of laser ablation procedures by detecting shock waves emanating from the ablation spot with air-coupled transducers. Experiments in soft and hard tissue samples attained high reproducibility in real-time depth estimation of the laser-induced cuts. The advantages derived from the noncontact nature of the suggested monitoring approach are expected to advance the general applicability of laser-based surgeries.
A discussion on detonation (1950)

Abstract The fundamental physical, chemical and mechanical processes which occur when a detonation wave passes through an explosive were imperfectly understood at the beginning of the recent war. As part of the scientific war effort in the British Common-wealth and in the United States of America, many theoretical and experimental studies were made of detonation processes. Much of the work has recently been declassified and some has been published. Several centres of research in this country and elsewhere are vigorously continuing with these studies. As later papers will show, the quality and general scientific interest of much of this work was considered sufficient to form the basis of a Discussion of the Royal Society. If one neglects the finite width of the zone in the detonation front where chemical reactions occur, a freely running steady plane detonation front can only advance through an explosive with the Chapman-Jouguet velocity defined by D = u+c. Once the explosive products are formed, their subsequent chemical reactions and motion in the detonation front may be considered as adiabatic. Although Chapman (1899) and Jouguet (1901) correctly stated their equation, neither attempted to discuss the reaction zone itself. It was therefore thought necessary that the recent views on the reaction zone should be described in a manner which throws new light on the Chapman-Jouguet equation. Professor J. von Neumann, Dr⋅ S. F. Boys and Dr A. F. Devonshire were the principal contributors on the theoretical side and von Neumann’s theory (1942) will be outlined later.
Novel parallel path mechanism for the oxidation of allyl alcohol by aqueous palladium(II) chloride (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNovel parallel path mechanism for the oxidation of allyl alcohol by aqueous palladium(II) chlorideK. Zaw, M. Lautens, and P. M. HenryCite this: Organometallics 1983, 2, 1, 197–199Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/om00073a051https://doi.org/10.1021/om00073a051research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views135Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Molecular Cloning and Gene Expression Analysis of Tomato Endo-β-<i>N</i>-acetylglucosaminidase, an Endoglycosidase Involved in the Production of High-Mannose Type Free<i>N</i>-Glycans during Tomato Fruit Ripening (2009)

In this study, we identified a gene encoding tomato ENGase (Endo-LE) using the gene information of rice ENGase, and expressed the Endo-LE protein in Escherichia coli. The substrate specificity of the recombinant Endo-LE was the same as that of the native enzyme, showing strong activity towards the high-mannose type N-glycans with the Manalpha1-2Manalpha1-3Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAc unit. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that the gene expression of Endo-LE did not vary significantly with the tomato ripening process, indicating that Endo-LE activity is ubiquitously expressed.
Towards automated caricature recognition (2012)

This paper addresses the problem of identifying a subject from a caricature. A caricature is a facial sketch of a subject's face that exaggerates identifiable facial features beyond realism, while still conveying his identity. To enable this task, we propose a set of qualitative facial features that encodes the appearance of both caricatures and photographs. We utilized crowdsourcing, through Amazon's Mechanical Turk service, to assist in the labeling of the qualitative features. Using these features, we combine logistic regression, multiple kernel learning, and support vector machines to generate a similarity score between a caricature and a facial photograph. Experiments are conducted on a dataset of 196 pairs of caricatures and photographs, which we have made publicly available. Through the development of novel feature representations and matching algorithms, this research seeks to help leverage the ability of humans to recognize caricatures to improve automatic face recognition methods.
Chemical characterization and biological properties of lipopolysaccharides isolated from smooth and rough strains of Brucella abortus (1979)

The chemical composition and some of the biological activities of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) extracted from a smooth-intermediate strain (45/0) and a rough strain (45/20) of Brucella abortus have been examined. LPS were found in both the phenolic and aqueous extraction phases of strain 45/0, but only in the aqueous phase of 45/20. The phenolic LPS contained 9- to 16-fold-lower levels of heptose and reduced amounts of dideoxyaldoses compared with aqueous fractions. The major neutral sugars were glucose, galactose, and mannose. beta-Hydroxymyristic-acid, a common marker of enteric LPS, was not detected. Fatty acids present in highest amounts were hydroxylated and nonhydroxylated species with chain lengths of 16, 18, and 20 carbons. Only the phenolic LPS of strain 45/0 exhibited mouse lethality and a curable wasting disease; however, both phenolic and aqueous fractions caused carbohydrate depletion in mice. The toxicity of aqueous LPS could not be potentiated with Pb(OAc)4. These data, coupled with the lack of mitogenic activity for B-lymphocytes, are indicative of the unique structure-function relationships of Brucella LPS.
Stereospecific Synthesis of β-<scp>d</scp>-Fructofuranosides Using the Internal Aglycon Delivery Approach (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTStereospecific Synthesis of β-d-Fructofuranosides Using the Internal Aglycon Delivery ApproachChristian Krog-Jensen and Stefan OscarsonView Author Information Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden Cite this: J. Org. Chem. 1996, 61, 14, 4512–4513Publication Date (Web):July 12, 1996Publication History Received29 April 1996Published online12 July 1996Published inissue 1 January 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo960776bhttps://doi.org/10.1021/jo960776brapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 1996 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views337Altmetric-Citations41LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Alkyls,Ethyl groups,Mixtures,Reaction products Get e-Alerts