gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Direct Synthesis of 6-Pyridinyl-2(1<i>H</i>)-quinolinones<i>via</i>Palladium-Catalysed Cross-Coupling Reaction (1987)

Pyridinylzinc chlorides were treated with 6-haloquinolinones in the presence of a catalytic amount of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium to give the corresponding 6-pyridinylquinolinones in moderate to high yields.
Radioimmune Precipitation of Group a Arboviruses (1972)

Abstract A radioimmune precipitation (RIP) test was used to study selected group A arboviruses. Purified preparations of Sindbis (SIN), western equine encephalitis (WEE) and eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus were examined in homologous and heterologous reactions. RIP reactions were comparable to plaque reduction neutralization tests in both sensitivity and specificity. When SIN virus was precipitated by WEE virus antiserum, the RIP curve was biphasic. RIP inhibition of the homologous and biphasic heterologous reaction suggested three separate antibody populations of differing specificities. The results indicated that WEE virus antiserum contained: a) a high titered specific antibody, b) a broadly crossreactive antibody at intermediate antiserum dilutions and c) a low titered antibody which detected only the intra-group WEE-SIN virus complex.
Comparison of antibiotic tolerance, lipids and respiration in the tomato pathogens Fusarium oxysporum lycopersici and F. oxysporum radicis lycopersici (1987)

Abstract The respiration and lipid contents and the tolerance to mycostatin, chloramphenicol and cycloheximide were compared in the two morphologically similar forms of the tomato pathogens: Fusarium oxysporum lycopersici (FOL) and the virulent form F. oxysporum radicis lycopersici (FORL). The differential tolerances to mycostatin were the most significant feature of the comparisons. The MIC for FORL was 24 μg/mL for the mycelium and 38 μg/mL for the spores. For FOL, the MIC was 8 ug/mL for both. This pattern of higher mycostatin tolerance by FORL obtained at 19°C and 27°C. There were differences between FOL and FORL in their fatty acid composition. FORL contained about three times as much C18:0 and over twice as much C18:1 as FOL. Conversely FOL contains over two times as much C16:1 as FORL. There appeared to be no significant differences between the respiration rates of the two pathogens. The data is discussed relative to their significance as the biochemical basis for examining pathogenicity and virulence between the two organisms.
Review: Biomanipulation of fish assemblages as a lake restoration technique (1999)

We searched the limnological literature to assess the success of biomanipulation projects with respect to improvement of water quality in culturally eutrophic lakes and reservoirs. We reviewed 41 biomanipulation experiments (from 63 published papers/books) involving the reduction of zooplanktivorous and benthivorous fish abundances in 39 lakes. We divided the experiments into five categories based on the type of biomanipulation performed: piscivore stocking, piscivore stocking + partial fish removal, partial fish removal, elimination of fish, and elimination of fish followed by restocking. We judged success (consistently successful, partially successful, unsuccessful) by changes in water quality variables; primarily phytoplankton or chlorophyll biomass and water transparency, during the post-implementation period of each study. The percentage of consistently successful manipulations varied with approach: piscivore stocking (28.6 %), piscivore stocking + partial fish removal (60.0%), partial fish removal (90.0%), elimination of fish (40.0%), and elimination of fish followed by restocking (66.7 %). Overall, 61% of the biomanipulations were consistently successful in improving water quality, with most successful attempts involving small, shallow lakes (<25 ha, mean depth <3 m). Only 14.6% of the biomanipulations were unsuccessful in improving water quality for at least one year. Biomanipulations resulting in increased abundances of Daphnia and macrophytes were most likely to achieve stable clear water states and maintain improved water quality.
4. La ‘cultura X’: scrivere tra pop e tradizione (2016)

L’analisi della produzione letteraria dei giovani autori degli anni ’90, oltre a dover essere inserita in un contesto socio-politico adeguato, deve venire condotta all’interno di un quadro epistemologico in cui appaiano chiari gli strumenti che alle soglie del XXI secolo l’uomo ha a sua disposizione per rapportarsi con la realtà e per interpretarla, un insieme di grimaldelli e leve che non trovano più il loro punto di appoggio solo nella parola scritta – scalzata sia dalla sua
Optimal Position for the Artifical Patella During Resurfacing to Decrease Stress and Avoid Pre-Prosthetic Patellar Fracture (2010)

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is known to be an excellent solution to patients experiencing considerable pain at the joint and difficulty flexing and extending their knee. Unfortunately, after surgery, cases of peri-prosthetic patellar fracture are possible. The prevalence of this fracture ranges from 0.11% to 21.4% for the over 400,000 TKAs that are conducted in the United States every year and therefore, patellar fracture can become a serious concern. The factors that lead to this are several and many researchers are still investigating this problem. This research shows that the position of the surgically inserted artificial patella, also referred to as the patellar button, influences occurrence of patellar fractures and attempts to derive the ideal position for the button to reduce the risk of patellar fracture.
Organization of the intercellular junctions in the endothelium of cardiac valves. (1985)

The intramembranous organization of valvular endothelial cells and the structure of their intercellular junctions were studied using both thin section and freeze fracture electron microscopy. Using the double replica method, large areas of fractured endothelial cell plasma membrane are exposed. On both faces, the intramembranous particles are randomly distributed, but they are 2-3 times more frequent on the P face than on the E face: on the former, their number varies from 340 to 1700 particles/micron 2. The density of vesicular openings seems to be slightly higher on the tissue front (29-43 openings/micron 2) than on the blood front (24-34 openings/micron 2). The vesicular stomata are absent in parajunctional areas. The intercellular junction structure appears as a variation to that described for arteries. The occluding junctions appear as a network of 1-6 (most frequently 3-4) interconnected ridges on P faces or grooves on E faces. Occasionally, the presence of strands formed by association of short bars can be observed on the P face ridge. In addition, there are a small number of occluding junctions with low profile ridges, free or marked by few particles, similar to those described for the venules. These junctions are probably involved in the inflammatory reaction occurring during clinically manifested valvular disease. The communicating (gap) junctions, small or large, are free, partially or completely associated. In all valves examined we observed a special kind of communicating junction the particles of which are disposed in 1-4 rows, forming branched or circular patterns. Intracellular injection of 6-carboxyfluorescein shows transfer of the dye to the neighboring cell, suggesting that the cells are coupled. In both atrioventricular and sigmoid valves, the endothelial junctions have a similar pattern with some differences in the degree of complexity. The ventricular aspect of the valves contains junctions with a larger number of junctional strands than the atrial or arterial aspect. This suggests a possible relationship between the number of strands and the stress factors (i.e. blood hydrostatic pressure). The presence of functionally communicating junctions of various dimensions and shapes suggests that the endothelial cells of valvular endocardium are metabolically coupled. At short exposure times (5-10 min), filipin-incubated valves exhibit characteristic filipin-sterol complexes (FSC) around the vesicular stomata of the endothelium. After a longer exposure (30-90 min) FSC labeled randomly the rest of plasma membrane except for coated pits, gap junction regions and area boundering tight junctional strands.
Chelating Properties of β-Mercaptopropionic Acid (1958)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChelating Properties of β-Mercaptopropionic AcidQuintus Fernando and Henry FreiserCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 18, 4928–4931Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1958Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1958https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01551a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01551a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views446Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
LIAM-a linear induction accelerator model (2002)

A flexible linear induction accelerator model (LIAM) was developed to predict both beam centroid position and the beam envelope. LIAM requires on-axis magnetic profiles and is designed to easily handle overlapping fields from multiple elements. Currently, LIAM includes solenoids, dipole steering magnets, and accelerating gaps. Other magnetic elements can be easily incorporated into LIAM due to its object-oriented design. LIAM is written in the C programming language and computes fast enough on current workstations to be used in the control room as a tuning and diagnostic aid. Combined with a non-linear least squares package, LIAM has been used to estimate beam energy at various locations within the ETA-II accelerator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Effect of Insertions and Deletions on Wirings in Protein-Protein Interaction Networks: A Large-Scale Study (2009)

Although insertions and deletions (indels) are a common type of sequence variation, their origin and their functional consequences have not yet been fully understood. It has been known that indels preferably occur in the loop regions of the affected proteins. Moreover, it has recently been demonstrated that indels are significantly more strongly correlated with functional changes than substitutions. In sum, there is substantial evidence that indels, not substitutions, are the predominant evolutionary factor when it comes to structural changes in proteins. As a consequence it comes natural to hypothesize that sizable indels can modify protein interaction interfaces, causing a gain or loss of protein-protein interactions, thereby significantly rewiring the interaction networks. In this paper, we have analyzed this relationship in a large-scale study. We have computed all paralogous protein pairs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Yeast) and Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit Fly), and sorted the respective alignments according to whether they contained indels of significant lengths as per a pair Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based framework of a recent study. We subsequently computed well known centrality measures for proteins that participated in indel alignments (indel proteins) and those that did not. We found that indel proteins indeed showed greater variation in terms of these measures. This demonstrates that indels have a significant influence when it comes to rewiring of the interaction networks due to evolution, which confirms our hypothesis. In general, this study may yield relevant insights into the functional interplay of proteins and the evolutionary dynamics behind it.
Conformative Filter: A Probabilistic Framework for Localization in Reduced Space (2011)

Algorithmic problem reduction is a fundamental approach to problem solving in many fields, including robotics. To solve a problem using this scheme, we must reduce the problem into another one for which solutions exist. The reduction function, which infers a conformation between the problem and the solution space, plays an important role in solution evaluation and is sometimes used to transform the solutions into the problem domain. We consider robot path planning in the context of algorithmic problem reduction where a reduction can be used to adapt a path (referred to as solution) generated by a human or other subsystem to environmental constraints that may differ from those at plan-generation time. Usually, solving these problems involves estimating the current state in the plan and trying to retrieve the solution. We develop a probabilistic framework for reduction-based path planning where the solutions can be obtained from localization into the plan by exploiting the Markov property. We name it Conformative Filter. The algorithm is an extension of Bayes' filter which tries to search for not only the solutions but also conformation between the environment and the plan. An implementation based on Localization and Expectation-maximization is discussed along with evaluation on navigation tasks using a set of actual hand-drawn maps of simulated environments. The results demonstrate applicability and effectiveness of the algorithm in such tasks and show that the proposed filter results in improved localization when compared with conventional approaches.
Secure and efficient context data collection using Content-Centric Networking (2013)

Context data collection is a fundamental and important process for realizing context-aware recommender or personalization systems. The existing context data collection approaches are based-on traditional TCP/IP that has several disadvantages such as lack of mobility and security. On the other hand, Content-Centric Networking (CCN) provides advantages in terms of mobility, security, and bandwidth efficiency compared to TCP/IP. In this paper, we propose a secure and efficient context data collection and provision approach based on CCN. Simulation results show that this approach can reduce bandwidth consumption by 52.7%–98.9% in comparison to a TCP/IP-based one.
A Practical Analysis of Clustering Strategies for Hierarchical Radiosity (Supplementary material) (1999)

International audience
ChemInform Abstract: Modeling the Oxygen‐Evolving Center of Photosystem II: Synthesis and Characterization of a Tetranuclear Manganese Carboxylate Complex. (1988)

Abstract The preparation of (IV), the first mixed‐valence Mn tetramer having an all‐oxygen coordination sphere, which may be biologically relevant, is described.
CCD detectors (2006)

This chapter describes charge-coupled device (CCD) detectors. CCD detector assembly and calibration are described as well as the correction of data from CCD detectors. Integration of detector systems with hardware and data-acquisition software is covered and the use of CCD detectors in macromolecular crystallography is discussed.


Keywords:

area detectors;
CCD detectors;
calibration of CCD detectors;
charge-coupled device detectors;
dark-current subtraction for CCD detectors;
detector calibration;
detectors;
flat-field corrections for CCD detectors;
geometric distortion in CCD detectors;
obliquity correction for CCD detectors;
X-ray detectors
Mg acceptor level in InN epilayers probed by photoluminescence (2007)

Mg-doped InN epilayers were grown on sapphire substrates by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Effects of Mg concentration on the photoluminescence (PL) emission properties have been investigated. An emission line at ∼0.76eV, which was absent in undoped InN epilayers and was about 60meV below the band-to-band emission peak at ∼0.82eV, was observed to be the dominant emission in Mg-doped InN epilayers. The PL spectral peak position and the temperature dependent emission intensity corroborated each other and suggested that the Mg acceptor level in InN is about 60meV above the valance band maximum.
ADDENDUM On the simple actuator disk (2004)

Journal of Fluid Mechanics , vol. 494 (2003), pp. 399–405
Stability of Materials in High Temperature Water Vapor: SOFC Applications (2010)

Solid oxide fuel cell material systems require long term stability in environments containing high-temperature water vapor. Many materials in fuel cell systems react with high-temperature water vapor to form volatile hydroxides which can degrade cell performance. In this paper, experimental methods to characterize these volatility reactions including the transpiration technique, thermogravimetric analysis, and high pressure mass spectrometry are reviewed. Experimentally determined data for chromia, silica, and alumina volatility are presented. In addition, data from the literature for the stability of other materials important in fuel cell systems are reviewed. Finally, methods for predicting material recession due to volatilization reactions are described.
680 (2013)

Introduction: The optimal approach to improving mortality outcomes by managing increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among critically ill adults has not been defined. Methods: An observational study of 294,896 episodes of critical illness among adults was conducted in 271 geographically dispersed United States adult ICUs. All non-ambulating patients in the ICU for >24 hours without full anticoagulation, a thrombin inhibitor, or an exclusion to thrombosis prophylaxis were included. The primary outcomes were ICU and in-hospital mortality after matching on propensity for VTE prophylaxis. Primary outcomes were assessed using a competing risk proportional hazards model comparing patients receiving prophylactic anticoagulation vs mechanical device alone. Results: 32% of patients received both medication and device; 27% pharmacotherapy alone; 34% device alone; and 7% received no prophylaxis. The average APACHE IV score was clinically similar between those receiving pharmacotherapy (53.9) and device (53.6). Compared to those receiving device only, patients receiving pharmacotherapy were more likely to have heart failure (13.5% vs 4.8%; p<0.01) or sepsis (11.3% vs 7.1%; p<0.01). Patients receiving device were more likely to be post-operature (30.3% vs 6.7%; p<0.01) or be mechanically ventilated (29.5% vs 19.5%; p<0.01). After propensity matching 87,107 pairs, patients managed with prophylactic anticoagulation had significantly lower risk of death in the ICU (sub-hazard ratio 0.82 [95% CI, 0.78 to 0.85]; p < .001) and hospital (sub-hazard ratio 0.82 [95% CI, 0.79 to 0.85]; p < .001) than those managed with a mechanical device alone in propensity for VTE prophylaxis matched analyses. Conclusions: These findings support a recommendation for prophylactic anticoagulation in preference to mechanical device prophylaxis for critically ill adults that do not have a contraindication to anticoagulation.
A novel regulatory protein governing biofilm formation in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (2008)

Production of an extracellular matrix is a hallmark of biofilm formation. In the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis, the matrix consists of an exopolysaccharide, which is specified by the epsA-O operon, and a secreted protein TasA, which is encoded by the yqxM-sipW-tasA operon. Past and present evidence establish that the epsA-O and yqxM-sipW-tasA operons are controlled by the repressor proteins SinR and AbrB. Here, we report the identification of a novel regulatory protein Slr that promotes transcription of the yqxM-sipW-tasA operon but is not needed for expression of the epsA-O operon. We further show that the gene for Slr is itself under the negative control of SinR and AbrB. These findings reveal that matrix production is governed by an intricate network involving the interplay of negatively and positively acting regulatory proteins.
Evaluation of power generation performance using only the nameplate value using linear interpolation method (2018)

The standard test condition (STC) is defined as the measurement condition to accurately measure the power generation performance of solar module. Each photovoltaic (PV) module has nameplate values defined under STC. PV module can be measured indoor under STC, but it is difficult to measure under STC in outdoors, because the output power of PV module is greatly affected by solar radiation and temperature. In this study, I-V curves under STC and dark conditions were calculated by using only nameplate values. Irradiance, module temperature and these I-V curves are used for drawing reference I-V curve. One diode model equation was used for the calculation of these I-V curves. This paper used PV Module irradiance Sensor (PVMS) in outdoor experiment. By using calculated I-V curves, linear interpolation method and temperature correction were applied in order to create reference I-V curve to the experimental condition. The I-V curve after temperature correction was used as a reference. Then, reference I-V curve was compared with experiment values in outdoor as the correct value. The power generation performance of the PV module is evaluated by two curves error. Three conditions of irradiances between high irradiance and low irradiance were selected as experimental conditions. As a result, reference I-V curve was calculated about within 3% precision.
The role of glutathione in cancer (2004)

Glutathione is an abundant natural tripeptide found within almost all cells. Glutathione is highly reactive and is often found conjugated to other molecules via its sulfhydryl moiety. It instils several vital roles within a cell including antioxidation, maintenance of the redox state, modulation of the immune response and detoxification of xenobiotics. With respect to cancer, glutathione metabolism is able to play both protective and pathogenic roles. It is crucial in the removal and detoxification of carcinogens, and alterations in this pathway, can have a profound effect on cell survival. However, by conferring resistance to a number of chemotherapeutic drugs, elevated levels of glutathione in tumour cells are able to protect such cells in bone marrow, breast, colon, larynx and lung cancers. Here we present a number of studies investigating the role of glutathione in promoting cancer, impeding chemotherapy, and the use of glutathione modulation to enhance anti-neoplastic therapy.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,1‐DITHIOLATO COMPLEXES OF THE TRANSITION ELEMENTS (1980)

Abstract Review: Übersicht über die Haupttypen der Dithiolatliganden sowie Synthese, Charakterisierung und Struktur ihrer Übergangsmetall‐Komplexe.