gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Haciendo accesibles a las personas con discapacidad visual los Sistemas de Posicionamiento Global (GPS): el Proyecto HaptiMap (2011)

Se analizan la utilidad y fiabilidad de los Sistemas de Posicionamiento Global (GPS) para los usuarios con discapacidad visual, senalando sus deficiencias y las posibles soluciones a los problemas que plantean. Se presenta la situacion actual del Proyecto HaptiMap (Haptic, Audio and Visual Interfaces for Maps and Location Based Services), un proyecto integrado de ambito europeo cuyo objetivo esencial es facilitar herramientas de desarrollo que permitan a la industria optimizar la accesibilidad de los Sistemas de Posicionamiento Global.
Se describen las principales herramientas disponibles (acceso a datos geograficos en formato vectorial, adquisicion de datos geograficos de otras fuentes, representacion cartografica), asi como los diferentes metodos de diseno y la aportacion de la ONCE en las fases de desarrollo y pruebas del navegador NavEscort. Se valoran los resultados de estas pruebas, se sintetizan los logros obtenidos y se indican las futuras lineas de actuacion en este proyecto.
SHELL DEBRIS AND SHORELINE ENERGY ON FLORIDA GULF BEACHES (1970)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Biochemical composition and bioactivity analysis of sour honey samples from Nagaland, Northeast India (2021)

Sour honey is a natural product produced by Trigona species, which is a stingless bee. The distribution of this honey is very low because of the limited knowledge and has resulted in being less popular in terms of industrial production and quality standard. The objective of the present study is the biochemical and bioactivity analysis of 7 sour honeys (Trigona species) and one sweet honey collected from Nagaland, Northeast India. The biochemical and physiochemical screening of all samples was performed. The results of these tests are certainly encouraging its utilization as food supplements. In the antioxidant assay, the honey samples have exhibited 31-81% (P > 0.05) of inhibition on DPPH as compared to standard ascorbic acid. Antibacterial test of the 7 sour honey samples has displayed a zone of inhibition ranging from 12 ± 0.21 mm to 17 ± 0.5 mm (P > 0.05)against Escherichia coli. The catalase and oxidase tests conducted on the isolated microbial colonies from honey samples expressed positive results. In HPLC analysis, the retention time of the highest peak in all samples (3.79- 3.84) was identical to the retention time of standards (3.79-3.87) at dilution 10−5 and a percentage of the area was nearly similar in all honey samples (11.93-14.84%) except SH6 which has 19.92%. In brief, the beneficial effects of stingless bee honey in different contexts, such as biochemical components, physicochemical properties, quantification of sugars, antioxidant and antibacterial activity has experimented and all the results were positive. Further, these honey samples may have the probable potential for many nutraceuticals.
Sensitivity to image recurrence across eye-movement-like image transitions through local serial inhibition in the retina (2017)

Standard models of stimulus encoding in the retina postulate that image presentations activate neurons according to the increase of preferred contrast inside the receptive field. During natural vision, however, images do not arrive in isolation, but follow each other rapidly, separated by sudden gaze shifts. We here report that, contrary to standard models, specific ganglion cells in mouse retina are suppressed after a rapid image transition by changes in visual patterns across the transition, but respond with a distinct spike burst when the same pattern reappears. This sensitivity to image recurrence depends on opposing effects of glycinergic and GABAergic inhibition and can be explained by a circuit of local serial inhibition. Rapid image transitions thus trigger a mode of operation that differs from the processing of simpler stimuli and allows the retina to tag particular image parts or to detect transition types that lead to recurring stimulus patterns.
Geometrically pinned magnetic domain wall for multi-bit per cell storage memory (2016)

Spintronic devices currently rely on magnetic switching or controlled motion of domain walls (DWs) by an external magnetic field or a spin-polarized current. Controlling the position of DW is essential for defining the state/information in a magnetic memory. During the process of nanowire fabrication, creating an off-set of two parts of the device could help to pin DW at a precise position. Micromagnetic simulation conducted on in-plane magnetic anisotropy materials shows the effectiveness of the proposed design for pinning DW at the nanoconstriction region. The critical current for moving DW from one state to the other is strongly dependent on nanoconstricted region (width and length) and the magnetic properties of the material. The DW speed which is essential for fast writing of the data could reach values in the range of hundreds m/s. Furthermore, evidence of multi-bit per cell memory is demonstrated via a magnetic nanowire with more than one constriction.
An approach for optimizing WIP/cycle time/output in a semiconductor fabricator (2002)

The relationships between work in progress (WIP), cycle time, and daily going rates (DGR) are relatively well understood. However, selecting parameters for optimum operation in a fabricator is more of an art form than an analytical process. This paper describes a process used in our 0.7 /spl mu/m wafer fabricator at IBM Microelectronics in Essex Junction, Vermont, to optimize these parameters. This process uses real manufacturing-line data to quantify tool and organizational capabilities, which are then consolidated at the line level. Line and department targets are set to optimize unit costs, cycle time, and to drive day-to-day as well as long-term learning plans. In addition, this paper attempts to bridge empirical data to the queuing theory models.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in the Zucker obese rat. (1992)

The development of many endocrine, metabolic, and behavioral abnormalities characteristic of genetically obese Zucker rats is dependent upon the presence of glucocorticoids, the secretion of which is regulated by a neuroendocrine cascade initiated by hypothalamic release of CRF. Recent reports have inferred alterations in central CRF tone as a putative factor contributing to dysregulation of the pituitary-adrenal axis and of metabolic processes in this phenotype. In the current study the hypothalamic CRF system in Zucker lean (FA/?) and obese (fa/fa) phenotypes was functionally evaluated. Neither the stalk median eminence content of CRF or arginine vasopressin (AVP) nor hypothalamic levels of CRF or AVP mRNA differed in the lean and obese phenotypes. No phenotypic differences were observed in either basal or stimulated CRF release from hypothalamic tissue obtained from lean and obese rats. Furthermore, in intact rats the magnitude of pituitary-adrenal responses to various stressors was also similar between phenotypes. However, secretion of CRF and AVP into the hypophysial-portal circulation of obese rats was, respectively, 73% and 35% lower than that of the lean rats. Adrenalectomy was associated with a 3-fold elevation of hypophysial-portal CRF levels in obese rats compared to intact controls. Corticosterone infusion was more effective in suppressing portal CRF levels in adrenalectomized obese compared to adrenalectomized lean rats. Finally, neither CRF receptor number and affinity nor the magnitude of pituitary-adrenal responses to rat CRF challenge (1 micrograms, iv) differed between Zucker phenotypes. These observations lead us to infer that rats of the obese phenotype exhibit reduced hypothalamic CRF tone due to dysregulation of the HPA axis at a site proximal to the hypophysiotropic CRF system that mediates glucocorticoid feedback regulation.
Semantic parameterization (2008)

Software engineers must systematically account for the broad scope of environmental behavior, including nonfunctional requirements, intended to coordinate the actions of stakeholders and software systems. The Inquiry Cycle Model (ICM) provides engineers with a strategy to acquire and refine these requirements by having domain experts answer six questions: who, what, where, when, how, and why. Goal-based requirements engineering has led to the formalization of requirements to answer the ICM questions about when , how , and why goals are achieved, maintained, or avoided. In this article, we present a systematic process called Semantic Parameterization for expressing natural language domain descriptions of goals as specifications in description logic. The formalization of goals in description logic allows engineers to automate inquiries using who , what , and where questions, completing the formalization of the ICM questions. The contributions of this approach include new theory to conceptually compare and disambiguate goal specifications that enables querying goals and organizing goals into specialization hierarchies. The artifacts in the process include a dictionary that aligns the domain lexicon with unique concepts, distinguishing between synonyms and polysemes, and several natural language patterns that aid engineers in mapping common domain descriptions to formal specifications. Semantic Parameterization has been empirically validated in three case studies on policy and regulatory descriptions that govern information systems in the finance and health-care domains.
Abnormalities of Fatty Acid Oxidation (1988)

Inborn errors involving the oxidative metabolism of fatty acids represent a newly recognized area of human disease. Despite their recent discovery, these disorders in the aggregate appear to be relatively common. Their clinical presentation may be misleading, and definitive diagnosis difficult. Yet, they can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality. In this issue of the Journal, there are two important contributions to this emerging field.1 , 2 The classic presentation of systemic abnormalities of fatty acid oxidation includes hypoketotic hypoglycemia. Acute episodes of vomiting and lethargy may occur, often after fasting induced by intercurrent illness, and may progress to coma.3 Understandably, . . .
Improving the performance of ITU-T G.729A for VoIP (2002)

The authors propose a novel method for improving the performance of ITU-T G.729A for Voice-over-IP (VoIP) applications. One of the most important features for a speech compression algorithm that is to be used for VoIP is that it be resistant to packet loss. Because of the memory that resides in the G.729A algorithm, a packet loss will not only cause degradations during the period of the loss but also following the packet loss due to the differing states of the encoder and decoder. The G.729A algorithm deals quite well with the packet loss period through error concealment, but it does not deal with the state error that follows the packet loss. The paper introduces a new scheme called recovery by reinitialization (RbR) that reduces this state error at minimal cost.
Children’s Representation in Family Law Proceedings (2019)

In the debate on child participation in family law proceedings, a pertinent question is whether or not to provide children with representation and if so, how to provide it. Article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child ( uncrc ) provides minimum standards for the child’s right to express views and to do so, in judicial proceedings, through a representative. This article takes these minimum standards as a yardstick to evaluate the legal frameworks of child representation in the family law proceedings of four jurisdictions: Australia (New South Wales), France, the Netherlands and South Africa. On the basis of a systematic legal comparison and evaluation, this article presents a “compliance report card” and concludes with new insights and questions regarding children’s representation and Article 12, uncrc .
Structural features of influenza A virus panhandle RNA enabling the activation of RIG-I independently of 5′-triphosphate (2016)

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) recognizes specific molecular patterns of viral RNAs for inducing type I interferon. The C-terminal domain (CTD) of RIG-I binds to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) with the 5'-triphosphate (5'-PPP), which induces a conformational change in RIG-I to an active form. It has been suggested that RIG-I detects infection of influenza A virus by recognizing the 5'-triphosphorylated panhandle structure of the viral RNA genome. Influenza panhandle RNA has a unique structure with a sharp helical bending. In spite of extensive studies of how viral RNAs activate RIG-I, whether the structural elements of the influenza panhandle RNA confer the ability to activate RIG-I signaling has been poorly explored. Here, we investigated the dynamics of the influenza panhandle RNA in complex with RIG-I CTD using NMR spectroscopy and showed that the bending structure of the panhandle RNA negates the requirement of a 5'-PPP moiety for RIG-I activation.
A Strong Association Between Down-Regulation of HLA-DR Expression and the Late Mortality in Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis (2006)

In severe acute pancreatitis, there was a strong association between the persistent down-regulation of HLA-DR expression and the late mortality. Furthermore, a cutoff value of 52.3% of HLA-DR expressed monocytes on the 10th hospitalization day is a good predictor for late mortality in patients with severe acute pancreatitis.
rap1B, a cAMP-dependent protein kinase substrate, associates with the platelet cytoskeleton. (1990)

rap1B is a member of the ras superfamily of low molecular weight GTP binding proteins which constitutes a focal point of GTP and cAMP signal transduction systems. Like other members of this superfamily, rap1B is membrane-associated in resting platelets, presumably through polyisoprenylation. The studies presented here were undertaken to determine the subcellular changes in rap1B localization during cell activation. Activated and unactivated platelets were fractionated by Triton X-100 lysis followed by differential centrifugation to obtain a 10,000 x g cytoskeleton fraction, a 100,000 x g membrane skeleton fraction, and a 100,000 x g supernatant fraction containing solubilized proteins. In unactivated platelets, rap1B was present in the 100,000 x g supernatant fraction. In contrast, in platelets activated with 1 unit/ml alpha-thrombin or with the calcium ionophore, A23187, rap1B was quantitatively recovered in the 10,000 x g cytoskeleton fraction. rap1B was absent from the 100,000 x g fraction containing the membrane skeleton and could not be detected in the 100,000 x g supernatant containing cytosolic proteins and solubilized membrane components. These results indicate that rap1B associates with the cytoskeleton during cell activation.
A microprocessor-based instrument for nystagmus analysis (1977)

This paper describes a microprocessor-based instrument for on-line recording and analysis of ocular nystagmus. A novel acceleration sensitive saccade detector is used to differentiate between slow and fast phases of nystagmus. Once saccades are located, they are removed and an estimate of cumulative slow phase position is obtained. Also available as outputs are slow phase velocity, saccadic frequency, and maxima and times of occurrence for each of these parameters. The advantages of such an insmunent include low cost coupled with a high level of sophistication. These factors would allow the instrument to be used in a physician's office by relatively naive personnel Software is written in STOIC, a new general purpose interactive language for microprocessors. An Intel 8080 microprocessor, 16K of memory, A/D and D/A converters, interrupting clock, and CRT terminal are used in the present configuration. The system provides semi-automatic calibration of eye movement monitoring and detection of excessive drift and noise artifacts. Flowcharts for the processing algorithm and examples of output are presented.
A laser ultrasound transducer using carbon nanofibers–polydimethylsiloxane composite thin film (2015)

The photoacoustic effect has been broadly applied to generate high frequency and broadband acoustic waves using lasers. However, the efficient conversion from laser energy to acoustic power is required to generate acoustic waves with high intensity acoustic pressure (&gt;10 MPa). In this study, we demonstrated laser generated high intensity acoustic waves using carbon nanofibers–polydimethylsiloxane (CNFs-PDMS) thin films. The average diameter of the CNFs is 132.7 ± 11.2 nm. The thickness of the CNFs film and the CNFs-PDMS composite film is 24.4 ± 1.43 μm and 57.9 ± 2.80 μm, respectively. The maximum acoustic pressure is 12.15 ± 1.35 MPa using a 4.2 mJ, 532 nm Nd:YAG pulsed laser. The maximum acoustic pressure using the CNFs-PDMS composite was found to be 7.6-fold (17.62 dB) higher than using carbon black PDMS films. Furthermore, the calculated optoacoustic energy conversion efficiency K of the prepared CNFs-PDMS composite thin films is 15.6 × 10−3 Pa/(W/m2), which is significantly higher than carbon black-PDMS thin films and other reported carbon nanomaterials, carbon nanostructures, and metal thin films. The demonstrated laser generated high intensity ultrasound source can be useful in ultrasound imaging and therapy.
Malaria and blood transfusion (2006)

The transmission of malaria by blood transfusion was one of the first recorded incidents of transfusion-transmitted infection. Although a number of different infections have been reported to be transmitted by transfusion since then, on a global scale malaria remains one of the most common transfusion-transmitted infections. Transfusion-transmitted malaria can have serious consequences, as infection with Plasmodium falciparum may prove rapidly fatal. Ensuring that, in non-endemic countries, the blood supply is free from malaria is problematical, especially as travel to malarious areas is increasing and there is some spread of the disease into new areas, as well as a resurgence of malaria in areas where previously it had been eradicated. In non-endemic countries, donor deferral can be effective, but clear guidelines are needed. In endemic countries the problem is far greater as the majority of donors may be potentially infected with malaria parasites. In both situations, the simple deferral of donors may be wasteful and can eventually erode the donor base. Thus, other strategies are needed to ensure safety with sufficiency. However, the screening of donations for evidence of malaria is not without its problems. Although the examination of blood films is still the basis for diagnosing acute malaria, in most situations it is not sufficiently sensitive for blood bank screening. In non-endemic countries, donor deferral in combination with screening for specific antimalarial immunoglobulin provides an effective means of minimizing the risk of transmission. In endemic countries, more specific donor questioning, consideration of seasonal variation and geographical distribution may help to identify the population of donors who are most likely to be infected. In addition, the administration of antimalarials to transfusion recipients may help to prevent transmission. Nonetheless, no matter what strategy is adopted, it is likely that cases of transfusion-transmitted malaria may still occur, so malaria must always be considered in any patient with a febrile illness post-transfusion.
DSP-based sensor fault-tolerant control of electric vehicle powertrains (2011)

This paper describes a sensor fault-tolerant control for a high performance induction motor drive that propels an electrical vehicle. The proposed strategy deals with instrument failure detection and isolation within a reconfigurable induction motor direct torque control scheme. To increase the vehicle powertrain reliability regarding speed sensor failures, a maximum likelihood voting algorithm is implemented. It uses two virtual sensors (extended Kalman filter and an adaptive observer) and the encoder. Experiments on an induction motor drive and simulations on an electric vehicle are carried-out using a European urban and extra urban driving cycle to show that the proposed sensor fault-tolerant control approach is effective and provides a simple configuration with high performance in term of speed and torque responses.
Some Further Experiments upon the Recognition of Speech, with One and with Two Ears (1954)

The experiments described here continue a series reported in this Journal earlier. A number of objective tests are described, directed towards the general problem concerning the faculty we possess of perceiving only one acoustic world under normal conditions (in spite of having two ears) and yet, if our ears be stimulated by different signals, artificially, we can attend to one or the other of them. The tests have been made with continuous speech (readings from light fiction) and the results assessed statistically. The first tests aim at measuring the reaction time r required to “switch the attention” from one ear to the other, as assessed by perception of the words of the message. A second set of tests show that we perceive only one speaker, as a “gestalt,” when the ears are stimulated by similar messages but with a delay between them exceeding 20 times that ever experienced in real life by virtue of binaural directivity.
Numerical comparison of DMOS, VMOS, and UMOS power transistors (1983)

Two-dimensional simulation of breakdown voltage and on-resistance of DMOS, VMOS, and UMOS vertical power devices is performed. The three devices are evaluated for breakdown-voltage designs of 100, 550, and 1000 V.
A novel time delay estimation using chirp signals robust to sampling frequency offset for a ranging system (2010)

We propose a novel time delay estimation algorithm using a training and data sequence composed of chirp signals for a ranging system with frequency offset. This training and data sequence can be used for SNR enhancement using the proposed denoising method. Then, a subspace-based algorithm, ESPRIT, is applied to estimate the time delay of the first arrival path. We analyze the estimation performance of ESPRIT based on the proposed denoising method and verify it through Monte-carlo simulations in AWGN and a multi-path channel.
Multiple-Parameter De-Interleaving System in ESM Data Processing Scheme (2006)

First, the paper shows a novel sorting method based on cascade coupling and support vector clustering (SVC). Secondly, recognition technology of type-entropy is introduced into signal sorting system so that a novel radar sequence signal sorting system is to be presented. The experiment result shows that the system can sort efficiently radar signals in the complex pulses environment
Path-based routing provisioning with mixed shared protection in WDM mesh networks (2006)

In this paper, the authors focus on studying the problem of survivable routing provisioning to prevent single link failure in wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) mesh networks, and propose a novel protection scheme called mixed shared path protection (MSPP). With MSPP, the authors define three types of resources: 1) primary resources that can be used by primary paths; 2) spare resources that can be shared by backup paths; and 3) mixed resources that can be shared by both the primary and the backup paths. In the proposed protection scheme, each connection is assigned a primary path and a link disjoint backup path. Differing from pervious protection schemes, MSPP allows some primary paths and backup paths to share the common mixed resources if the corresponding constraints can be satisfied. In this paper, the authors consider three types of path-based protection schemes, i.e., dedicated path protection (DPP), shared path protection (SPP), and MSPP, and evaluate their performance for both the static and the dynamic provisioning problems. Simulation results show that MSPP outperforms DPP and SPP