gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Epidemiological studies of <i>Colletotrichum gloeosporioides</i> disease of cocoa (1989)

Summary The intensities of foliar infection (leaf blight and shot hole) and pod rot, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides , were recorded from a cocoa‐areca mixed garden and a cocoa‐monocrop garden during 2 years. The intensity of pod rot was recorded from both the gardens. The intensities of leaf blight and shot hole gradually increased from July, reached a peak during September‐November, decreased thereafter and reached the lowest level during April‐June. Increase in leaf infection was associated in both plantings and in both years with the period of rain (June‐November). The phylloplane population of C. gloeosporioides also increased during June‐November when the temperature tended to be low and constant with high rainfall and relative humidity. During this period there were few susceptible stages of pods (cherelles and young pods) and pod infection was very low. Nearly mature pods were free from infection. I n both years, pod infection was more in the cocoaareca mixed garden than' in the cocoa‐monocrop; it was observed during January‐May, when the susceptible stages were mostly prevalent but when the C. gloeosporioides population was low and the climatic factors appeared to be relatively unfavourable. This may be one reason for the lesser incidence of pod rot when compared to foliar disease.
Lecithin: Cholesterol Acyltransferase Reduces the Adverse Effects of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein while Incurring Damage Itself (2001)

In this study, we tried to determine (a) whether there is any permanent effect of oxLDL on the LCAT molecule and its activator lipoprotein apoA-I, and (b) the fate of oxLDL after its exposure to LCAT and apoA-I. Purified LCAT and LDL/oxLDL was incubated at 37 degrees C for 1 h, and separated by gel-permeation chromatography. Its activity was significantly less (30% less) after separating from oxLDL compared to that of LDL. Cofactor activity of isolated apoA-I (incubated with LDL/oxLDL) was found affected by oxLDL. These results indicate modification of the LCAT and apoA-I molecule. But LCAT was found more affected compared to apoA-I in terms of LCAT activity. We are also reporting a novel function of LCAT. It was found to reduce the adverse effects of oxLDL, for example, ability to affect the LCAT activity and TBARS value. This ability of LCAT to repair oxLDL was dose-dependent. But there was no change in its REM values or fluorescence intensity.
Switchable and non-switchable zero backscattering of dielectric nano-resonators (2015)

Previous studies have shown that two-dimensional (2D) arrays of high-permittivity dielectric nanoparticles are capable of fully suppressing backward light scattering when the resonant frequencies of electrical and magnetic dipolar modes are coincident. In this paper, we numerically demonstrate that the zero-backscattering of 2D Si nanocuboid arrays can be engineered to be switchable or non-switchable in response to a variation in the environmental refractive index. For each cuboid width/length, there exist certain cuboid heights and orthogonal periodicity ratio for which the electrical and magnetic resonances exhibit similar spectra widths and equivalent sensitivities to the environmental index changes, so that the zero-backscattering is non-switchable upon environmental change. For some other cuboid heights and certain anisotropic periodicity ratios, the electric and magnetic modes exhibit different sensitivities to environmental index changes, making the zero-backscattering sensitive to environmental changes. We also show that by using two different types of nano-resonators in the unit cell, Fano resonances can be introduced to greatly enhance the switching sensitivity of zero-backscattering.
inv(16)/t(16;16) acute myeloid leukemia with non–type A CBFB-MYH11 fusions associate with distinct clinical and genetic features and lack KIT mutations (2012)

The inv(16)(p13q22)/t(16;16)(p13;q22) in acute myeloid leukemia results in multiple CBFB-MYH11 fusion transcripts, with type A being most frequent. The biologic and prognostic implications of different fusions are unclear. We analyzed CBFB-MYH11 fusion types in 208 inv(16)/t(16;16) patients with de novo disease, and compared clinical and cytogenetic features and the KIT mutation status between type A (n = 182; 87%) and non-type A (n = 26; 13%) patients. At diagnosis, non-type A patients had lower white blood counts (P = .007), and more often trisomies of chromosomes 8 (P = .01) and 21 (P < .001) and less often trisomy 22 (P = .02). No patient with non-type A fusion carried a KIT mutation, whereas 27% of type A patients did (P = .002). Among the latter, KIT mutations conferred adverse prognosis; clinical outcomes of non-type A and type A patients with wild-type KIT were similar. We also derived a fusion-type-associated global gene-expression profile. Gene Ontology analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed-among others-an enrichment of up-regulated genes involved in activation of caspase activity, cell differentiation and cell cycle control in non-type A patients. We conclude that non-type A fusions associate with distinct clinical and genetic features, including lack of KIT mutations, and a unique gene-expression profile.
Density estimation for color images (2001)

The <i>Journal of Electronic Imaging</i> (JEI), copublished bimonthly with the Society for Imaging Science and Technology, publishes peer-reviewed papers that cover research and applications in all areas of electronic imaging science and technology.
Time-Shift Circuit Switching (2008)

This paper introduces a new switching paradigm that can be implemented in (virtual) circuit switched networks for delay-tolerant applications. This paper numerically demonstrates the potential benefits of the proposed approach.
Optimal Object Localization Using Dual Number Quaternions (1989)

This paper presents a new algorithm for determining the position and orientation of objects. The problem is formulated as an optimization problem using dual number quaternions. It is shown that this reduces to an eigenvalue problem for which standard software library routines can be used to obtain the solution.
High Levels of Transgene Expression Following Transduction of Long‐Term NOD/SCID‐Repopulating Human Cells with a Modified Lentiviral Vector (2001)

Both oncoretroviral and lentiviral vectors have been shown to transduce CD34(+) human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) capable of establishing human hematopoiesis in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice that support partially human hematopoiesis. We and others have reported that murine stem cell virus (MSCV)-based oncoretroviral vectors efficiently transduced HSC that had been cultured ex vivo for 4-7 days with cytokines, resulting in transgene expression in lymphoid and myeloid progenies of SCID-engrafting cells 4-8 weeks post-transplantation. Although lentiviral vectors have been demonstrated to transduce HSC under minimal ex vivo culture conditions, concerns exist regarding the level of transgene expression mediated by these vectors. We therefore evaluated a novel hybrid lentiviral vector (GIN-MU3), in which the U3 region of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat was replaced by the MSCV U3 region (MU3). Human cord blood CD34(+) cells were transduced with vesicular stomatitis virus G envelope protein-pseudotyped lentiviruses during a 48-hour culture period. After a total of 4 days in culture, transduced cells were transplanted into NOD/SCID mice to examine gene transfer and expression in engrafting human cells. Fifteen weeks post-transplantation, 37% +/- 12% of engrafted human cells expressed the green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene introduced by the lentiviral vector. High levels of GFP expression were observed in lymphoid, myeloid and erythroid progenies, and in engrafted human cells that retained the CD34(+) phenotype 15 weeks post-transplantation. This study provides evidence that lentiviral vectors transduced both short-term and long-term engrafting human cells, and mediated persistent transgene expression at high levels in multiple lineages of hematopoietic cells.
Copolymers of 2-hydroxyethylacrylate and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate by nitroxide mediated polymerization: Kinetics, SEC-ESI-MS analysis and thermoresponsive properties (2012)

The nitroxide mediated copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate (MEA) is reported. The copolymerization kinetics followed the persistent radical model and revealed the formation of well-defined ideal random copolymers (r HEA = 0.93 ± 0.09; r MEA = 0.95 ± 0.09). SEC-ESI-MS proved the presence of both the initiation fragment and SG1 as chain ends of the polymers. The cloud point temperature of the copolymers increased from 5 °C and 60 °C with increasing HEA content from 0% to 70% and they are discussed in relation to both monomer and end-group structure. © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Syntheses of N-Substituted-3-glucosyloxy-2-methyl-4-pyridones and Their Aglycones (1970)

N-Substituted 3-glucosyloxy-2-methyl-4-pyridones were synthesized from natural maltol glucoside (III) and primary amines. Aliphatic amines reacted readily with (III) in aqueous methanol under reflux, while aromatic amines required the addition of potassium hydroxide as a catalyst. The aglycones, N-substituted 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridones, were obtained by acid hydrolysis of the above pyridone glucosides.
Synaptic communication and signal processing among sensory cells in taste buds (2014)

Taste buds (sensory structures embedded in oral epithelium) show a remarkable diversity of transmitters synthesized and secreted locally. The known transmitters accumulate in a cell type selective manner, with 5-HT and noradrenaline being limited to presynaptic cells, GABA being synthesized in both presynaptic and glial-like cells, and acetylcholine and ATP used for signalling by receptor cells. Each of these transmitters participates in local negative or positive feedback circuits that target particular cell types. Overall, the role of ATP is the best elucidated. ATP serves as a principal afferent transmitter, and also is the key trigger for autocrine positive feedback and paracrine circuits that result in potentiation (via adenosine) or inhibition (via GABA or 5-HT). While many of the cellular receptors and mechanisms for these circuits are known, their impact on sensory detection and perception remains to be elaborated in most instances. This brief review examines what is known, and some of the open questions and controversies surrounding the transmitters and circuits of the taste periphery.
Variability as a measure of semantic structure for document storage and retrieval (1985)

The introduction of office support technologies has created a situation in which unstructured documents are increasingly likely to be stored and retrieved from computers. Unstructured documents require different organizations and tools than those employed in existing structured databases (e.g. relational). This thesis is based on the notion that a better understanding of the way people classify and search for information may be instrumental in designing more effective systems. A field study carried out in four offices to investigate current handling of unstructured documents is described. A conceptual model of the process of document storage and retrieval is then proposed. Two experiments were conducted to test the model and to compare systems in manual and automated environments. The results of the experiment on the manual system were supportive of the basic approach of the model and the use of variability as a measure of semantic structure. The manual experiment also provided a retrieval performance baseline to evaluate a prototype computer-based structure editor in the second experiment. The results of this second experiment indicate that measures of semantic structure are more informative than simple measures of physical structure.
Numerical Analysis of Separative Power of Isotope Centrifuges, (II) (1977)

It is found from numerical analysis that a strong influence is exerted on the separative efficiency of centrifuges by the thermal convection arising from the temperature difference prevailing between the end plates of a centrifuge drum—known as “Ekman suction”. The numerical method previously developed by Nakayama & Torii is used to compute the distributions of concentration resulting from considerations of both thermal convection and forced flow. The effect of Ekman suction is represented by the parameter λE(≡(a2√E ρpsV∇T)/(16 lρDT0)), different values of which were adopted in the calculations, as were other parameters such as λ(≡GF/(∇ηlρpD), GF: feed rate) for the forced flow and θ representing the cut. The separative efficiency of an exemplified counter-flow type centrifuge is found to reach 58% when λe≒0.7, λ≒1.0 and θ≒O.3, with a product port radius r p= 0.5. It is also shown that the thermal convection in the Stewartson layer near the side wall of a centrifuge drum affects the separative, efficiency to relatively small but not negligible extent.
Population model of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban an oral, direct Factor Xa inhibitor in healthy subjects (2007)

This analysis confirms that rivaroxaban has predictable, dose-proportional PK and PD. The linear correlation between rivaroxaban plasma concentrations and PT suggests that this test might be useful to assess rivaroxaban exposure in patients, if required.
Symbolic synthesis of clock-gating logic for power optimization of synchronous controllers (1999)

Recent results have shown that dynamic power management is effective in reducing the total power consumption of sequential circuits. In this paper, we propose a bottom-up approach for the automatic extraction and synthesis of dynamic power management circuitry starting from structural logic-level specifications. Our techniques leverage the compact BDD-based representation of Boolean and pseudo-Boolean functions to detect idle conditions where the clock can be stopped without compromising functional correctness. Moreover, symbolic techniques allow accurate probabilistic computations; in particular, they enable the use of non-equiprobable primary input distributions, a key step in the construction of models that match the behavior of real hardware devices with a high degree of fidelity. The results are encouraging, since power savings of up to 34% have been obtained on standard benchmark circuits.
The influence of image magnification in first‐trimester screening for Down syndrome by fetal nuchal translucency in Asians (2004)

Our data indicate that the image magnification could reduce the false-positive rate by using a fixed cutoff value of NT thickness, but would have no influence on the results when using the assessing method either by the 95th centile cutoff value of NT thickness or the combined risk. In order to place the caliper more accurately, a magnified image should be recommended as a standard image in the measurements of the NT thickness.
Enhancement of Transport Characteristics in Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Films Deposited with Floating Film Transfer Method (2009)

A new solution-processed technique of floating film transfer method (FTM) is proposed for depositing organic thin film semiconductor. Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) have been fabricated to evaluate the transport characteristics in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films deposited with FTM and spin-coating methodology. An enhancement of hole mobility was found in the FTM film by one order of magnitude as compared to that in spin-coated films. Absorption spectra as well as X-ray diffraction profiles represent well-grown lamella structures of P3HT with FTM transverse to the substrate, representing the advantage of this method suitable for the carrier transport.
Natural Products Active Against African Trypanosomes: A Step Towards New Drugs (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Urinary n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase Excretion: an Indicator of Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes (2013)

The established marker for tubular damage, urinary n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase is significantly increased in type 1 and 2 diabetes patients and is related to albuminuria and other diabetic complications. In this cross sectional study of type 2 diabetes patients with a history of albuminuria, we studied the relationship between excretion of n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase in urine and diabetic neuropathy.160 type 2 diabetes patients were screened for diabetic peripheral neuropathy and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase excretion was detected in 24 h urine samples.Urinary excretion of n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase correlated significantly with -glucose control (fasting glucose r=0.18; p=0.04; HbA1c r=0.20; p=0.02) and urine albumin excretion (r=0.22; p=0.01). Binary regression analyses showed that increased urinary n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase concentration is an independent predictor for presence of clinical symptoms of peripheral neuropathy (OR 1.8 [95%CI 1.2-2.74] and vibration deficiency [OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.66]. There was also a significant negative association between urinary n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase and E/I-Ratio (r=-0.21, p<0.02) as well as the 30:15-Ratio (r=-0.24; p<0.01) of heart rate variability. Furthermore, increased n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase excretion independently predicted cardiovascular autonomic diabetic neuropathy with an OR for decreased E/I-Ratio of 1.7 [95%CI 1.1-2.75]; (p<0.02) and 30:15-Ratio:OR 2.4 [95% CI 1.26-4.45]; (p<0.01).Urinary n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosami-nidase excretion is an independent marker for diabetic peripheral and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients.
TraderBots: A New Paradigm for Robust and Efficient Multirobot Coordination in Dynamic Environments (2018)

The problem of efficient multirobot coordination has risen to the forefront of robotics research in recent years. The wide range of application domains demanding multirobot solutions motivates interest in this problem. In general, multirobot coordination strategies assume either a centralized approach, where a single robot/agent plans for the group, or a distributed approach, where each robot is responsible for its own planning. Inherent to many centralized approaches are difficulties such as intractable solutions for large groups, sluggish response to changes in the local environment, heavy communication requirements, and brittle systems with single points of failure. The key advantage of centralized approaches is that they can produce globally optimal plans. While most distributed approaches can overcome the obstacles inherent to centralized approaches, they can only produce suboptimal plans because they cannot take full advantage of information available to all team members. This work develops TraderBots, a market-based coordination approach that is inherently distributed, but also opportunistically forms centralized sub-groups to improve efficiency. Robots are self-interested agents with the primary goal of maximizing individual profits. The revenue/cost models and rules of engagement are designed so that maximizing individual profit has the benevolent effect of, on average, moving the team toward the globally optimal solution. This approach inherits the flexibility of markets in allowing cooperation and competition to emerge opportunistically. The outlined approach addresses the multirobot coordination problem for autonomous robotic teams executing tasks in dynamic environments where it is highly desirable to produce efficient solutions. This dissertation details the first in-depth study of the applicability of market-based techniques to the multirobot coordination and provides a detailed study of the requirements for robust and efficient multirobot coordination in dynamic environments. Contributions of this dissertation are the first extensive investigation of the application of market-based techniques to multirobot coordination, the most versatile coordinationapproach for dynamic multirobot application domains, the first distributed multirobot coordination-approach that allows opportunistic optimization by “leaders”, the first indepth investigation of the requirements for robust multirobot coordination in dynamic environments, the most extensively implemented market-based multirobot coordination approach, and the first systematic comparative analysis of multirobot coordination approaches implemented on a robot team.
Slow light propagation and amplification via electromagnetically induced transparency and four-wave mixing in an optically dense atomic vapor (2009)

We experimentally and theoretically analyze the propagation of weak signal field pulses under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in hot Rb vapor, and study the effects of resonant four-wave mixing (FWM). In particular, we demonstrate that in a double-$\Lambda$ system, formed by the strong control field with the weak resonant signal and a far-detuned Stokes field, both continuous-wave spectra and pulse propagation dynamics for the signal field depend strongly on the amplitude of the seeded Stokes field, and the effect is enhanced in optically dense atomic medium. We also show that the theory describing the coupled propagation of the signal and Stokes fields is in good agreement with the experimental observations.
Near-infrared surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using a diode laser (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNear-infrared surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy using a diode laserStanley M. Angel and Michael L. MyrickCite this: Anal. Chem. 1989, 61, 15, 1648–1652Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00190a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00190a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations33LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts