gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Capacity in Cellular Networks with Shared MIMO Links and Channel-Aware Scheduling (2005)

This work studies a TDMA cellular system that divides downlink resources between single users and users sharing a high speed connection. The shared high speed connection is more precisely a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) link between the base station and a mobile relay.In an attempt to increase cellular system capacity a channel-aware scheduling algorithm -proportional fair is implemented. This algoritm exploits multi-user diversity gains inherited in cellular systems and in scenarios with few antenna elements in the shared MIMO link, this technique is beneficial.As multiple transmit and receive antennas are added to base station and to relay, antenna-diversity gains is shown to be superior to the multi-user diversity gains obtained by channel-aware scheduling.Channel-aware scheduling also suffers from channel tracking problems in the investigated scenario and it is found that for a channel quality information feedback delay of 4 ms, a bus speed of 36 km/h reduce the actual capacity gain to zero compared to round robin scheduling.The option of using several antennas in the shared link reduces the gain from channel-aware scheduling to the point where round robin and MIMO constitute the best feasible solution to increase cellular capacity.
An Example-based Decoder for Spoken Language Machine Translation (2008)

In this paper, we propose an example-based decoder for a statistical machine translation (SMT) system, which is used for spoken language machine translation. In this way, it will help to solve the re-ordering problem and other problems for spoken language MT, such as lots of omissions, idioms etc. Through experiments, we show that this approach obtains improvements over the baseline on a Chinese-English spoken lan-guage translation task. 1
Project Scheduling: A Research Handbook (2002)

Our objectives in writing Project Scheduling: A Research Handbook are threefold: (1) Provide a unified scheme for classifying the numerous project scheduling problems occurring in practice and studied in the literature; (2) Provide a unified and up-to-date treatment of the state-of-the-art procedures developed for their solution; (3) Alert the reader to various important problems that are still in need of considerable research effort. Project Scheduling: A Research Handbook has been divided into four parts. Part I consists of three chapters on the scope and relevance of project scheduling, on the nature of project scheduling, and finally on the introduction of a unified scheme that will be used in subsequent chapters for the identification and classification of the project scheduling problems studied in this book. Part II focuses on the time analysis of project networks. Part III carries the discussion further into the crucial topic of scheduling under scarce resources. Part IV deals with robust scheduling and stochastic scheduling issues. Numerous tables and figures are used throughout the book to enhance the clarity and effectiveness of the discussions. For the interested and motivated reader, the problems at the end of each chapter should be considered as an integral part of the presentation
Identification of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> virulence determinants using an intranasal infection model (2005)

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative enterobacterium that has historically been, and currently remains, a significant cause of human disease. It is a frequent cause of urinary tract infections and pneumonia, and subsequent systemic infections can have mortality rates as high as 60%. Despite its clinical significance, few virulence factors of K. pneumoniae have been identified or characterized. In this study we present a mouse model of acute K. pneumoniae respiratory infection using an intranasal inoculation method, and examine the progression of both pulmonary and systemic disease. Wild-type infection recapitulates many aspects of clinical disease, including significant bacterial growth in both the trachea and lungs, an inflammatory immune response characterized by dramatic neutrophil influx, and a steady progression to systemic disease with ensuing mortality. These observations are contrasted with an infection by an isogenic capsule-deficient strain that shows an inability to cause disease in either pulmonary or systemic tissues. The consistency and clinical accuracy of the intranasal mouse model proved to be a useful tool as we conducted a genetic screen to identify novel virulence factors of K. pneumoniae. A total of 4800 independent insertional mutants were evaluated using a signature-tagged mutagenesis protocol. A total of 106 independent mutants failed to be recovered from either the lungs or spleens of infected mice. Small scale independent infections proved to be helpful as a secondary screening method, as opposed to the more traditional competitive index assay. Those mutants showing verified attenuation contained insertions in loci with a variety of putative functions, including a large number of hypothetical open reading frames. Subsequent experiments support the premise that the central mechanism of K. pneumoniae pathogenesis is the production of a polysaccharide-rich cell surface that provides protection from the inflammatory response.
Thiopental Effect on Cerebral Blood Flow During Carotid Endarterectomy (1991)

To investigate the effect of thiopental on cerebral blood flow (CBF) during carotid endarterectomy, five patients receiving isoflurane-N2O anesthesia were studied. During the period of temporary bypass shunting, a baseline CBF was measured using i.v. 133Xe washout, and global CBF was calculated from the mean of 10 detectors. Thiopental was given in a dose sufficient (mean 4.5, range 2.6–5.8 mg/kg) to result in burst-suppression on the electroencephalogram (EEG) of ∼1:1 duration and CBF was measured again. Data were compared using repeated measures analysis of variance. Thiopental significantly reduced mean (±SE) CBF (ml/100 g/min) from 37 ± 6 to 18 ± 2 (p <0.02). Corresponding PaCO2 (mm Hg) values were 42.8 ± 1.2 and 41.2 ± 1.6 and mean systemic blood pressure (mm Hg) was 101 ± 3 and 100 ± 6, respectively (NS). Mean % change in CBF was 48 ± 5 (range 32–62%). There was no relationship between the dose administered and the change in CBF. During steady-state anesthesia, a small dose of thiopental capable of suppressing EEG resulted in a profound reduction in CBF.
Nitro-Benzofurazanyl Ethers—A New Series of Fluorigenic Fingerprint Reagents (1987)

Abstract Five 7-nitro-4-benzofurazanyl ethers have been prepared and examined as potential fluorigenic reagents for latent fingerprints on paper. All developed latent fingerprints with high sensitivity, similar to that of the parent compound 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-chloride). Although development in solution is faster, vapor phase development is also possible, and it has certain advantages such as the avoidance of the use of solvents and the smaller background fluorescence and discoloration.
Cascading model based back propagation neural network in enabling precise classification (2016)

Artificial Neural Network has been widely used in types of tasks which are related to classification, for example image annotation, pattern recognition, trend prediction and so on. There are a number of neural network algorithm theories based on various concepts, however, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) has become the most famous one due to its remarkable function approximation ability. BPNN employs feed forward and back propagation to tune the parameters in neurons, and uses only feed forward to execute the classification. Based on gradient descent mechanism, BPNN can effectively find the mapping relationships between input and output. However, BPNN has met one critical issue. Due to large number of sum and sigmoid operations, BPNN has low efficiency in dealing with large number of instances. To speed up the processing, researchers employed data separation. However, simple data separation in training phase results in classification accuracy loss. Therefore, this paper presents a cascading model based BPNN (CBPNN) which aims at enhancing the classification accuracy of BPNN. The paper further employs multi-threading technique to speed up CBPNN. The experimental results indicate that CBPNN can improve the classification precision whilst maintains satisfied efficiency.
Función ejecutiva en pacientes con trastorno bipolar tipo I durante la fase asintomática (2015)

Resumen es: La funcion ejecutiva se ve involucrada en la mayor parte de las actividades que realizamos a diario, repercutiendo en la calidad de vida de las personas....
Analysis of ligand binding to a ribose biosensor using site‐directed mutagenesis and fluorescence spectroscopy (2007)

Computational design of proteins with altered ligand specificity is an emerging method for the creation of new biosensing systems. In this work, we investigated the outcome of site-directed mutagenesis on the Escherichia coli ribose binding protein (RBP), which is frequently used as a design scaffold for computational searches. A ribose biosensor was first constructed whereby an environmentally sensitive fluorescent probe was covalently attached to RBP at position S265C. This protein conjugate displayed a 54% decrease in emission intensity upon the addition of saturating ribose concentrations and exhibited an apparent dissociation constant (K(d) ) of 3.4 microM. Site-directed mutants within the RBP binding pocket were created and examined for ribose binding ability and overall structural stability. Because as many as 12 mutations are needed to alter ligand specificity in RBP, we measured the effect of single and multiple alanine mutations on stability and signal transduction potential of the ribose biosensor. Single alanine mutations had significant impact on both stability and signaling. Mutations of N190A and F214A each produced melting temperatures >8 degrees C below those observed for the wild-type protein. Residue Q235, located in the hinge region of RBP, appeared to be a hot spot for global protein stability as well. Additional single alanine mutations demonstrated as much as 200-fold increase in apparent K(d) but retained overall protein stability. The data collected from this study may be incorporated into design algorithms to help create more stable biosensors and optimize signal transduction properties for a variety of important analytes.
Growth and Infestation of Bollworms and Other Insects on Glanded and Glandless Strains of Cotton1 (1966)

Laboratory and field rests with experimental cotton lines showed that larval growth of the bollworm, Heliothis zea (Boddie), and the tobacco budworm, H. virescens (F.), was related to content of gossypol in the host plant supplied through pigment glands. Larval growth was greater on glandless than on glanded cotton strains, the glandless plants were highly attractive to several other insects which are not pests of glanded commercial varieties, an indication that commercial use of glandless varieties might introduce new insect-control problems. Results of the studies suggest that it may be possible to increase the resistance of cotton to insects by breeding for a higher gossypol content.
Micturition in rats: a chronic model for study of bladder function and effect of anesthetics (1986)

The volume-evoked micturition reflex (VEMR) and the effects of anesthetics on the VEMR were studied in a chronic unanesthetized rat model. The bladder catheter was implanted chronically through a laparotomy and externalized percutaneously. An intrathecal (IT) catheter was implanted chronically in animals scheduled for an IT injection. By 2 days after implantation, infusion of saline (200 microliter/min) in the bladder reliably resulted in a low base-line pressure (BP) followed by a transient increase in bladder pressure, an opening of the sphincter (bladder opening pressure, BOP) corresponding to expression of urine (volume of urination, V), then a further rise in pressure (peak pressure, PP) and a subsequent return to base line. Seven days after implantation, values (means +/- SE) for BP, BOP, PP, and V were 10 +/- 0.3, 30 +/- 2, 67 +/- 6 cmH2O, and 1.0 +/- 0.1 ml, respectively. Residual volumes were reliably less than 2-4% of the expressed volume. The VEMR was reliably evoked up to 28 days after implantation. V values in unimplanted and implanted animals were not different. In implanted animals, VEMR parameters were not different during infusion or during spontaneous urination after oral fluid load. Administration of pentobarbital sodium (50 mg/kg ip), alpha-chloralose (130 mg/kg ip), ketamine (100 mg/kg im), halothane (in air 2%), and local anesthetics (2-chloroprocaine 3% or bupivacaine 0.75%, 10 microliter IT) produced a complete blockade of the VEMR and overflow incontinence at pressures significantly higher than BOP values. To compare overflow pressures and passive compliance of the bladder, unanesthetized animals were decapitated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
PCR Assay for Monitoring <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> Parasitemia in Childhood after Specific Chemotherapy (2003)

Assessment of cure of Trypanosoma cruzi infection by antibody seroconversion usually involves several years of follow-up. Parasitological negativity is useless for cure assessment, since even untreated patients mostly show negative results; conversely, positive tests are of great value because they indicate treatment failure. Here, PCR was used to assess the rate of specific chemotherapy failure in a well-characterized Brazilian cohort of T. cruzi-seropositive children, who were enrolled in a field trial of benznidazole (Bz) efficacy. Paired blood samples from 111 children were taken at baseline and 36 months after treatment with either Bz (n = 58) or a placebo (n = 53). DNA extraction and PCR amplification were carried out as previously described, and hybridization was performed with all PCR products. At the end of follow-up, PCR was positive for 39.6% of the patients in the Bz group versus 64.2% in the placebo group (P = 0.01). Untreated patients had a 1.6-fold-higher chance of remaining positive by PCR than those in the Bz group (P < 0.05). We conclude that PCR is a useful tool for revealing therapeutic failure of T. cruzi infection on a short-term basis.
The reaction time in relation to the modality of stimulation (1996)

The goal of research is to estimate if there is a difference in speed reaction in the test of the association compared to the presentation of stimulation of different modality. The stimuli are presented visual and auditory. The subjects react to the drawings faster than to the printed words. The reaction time is longer under the nonlimited exposition compared to the limited exposition of visual stimulus. The subjects faster give the associative answers to unlimited exposition to the auditive stimulus, bat slower to the limited visual exposition. The results add to the further explanation of the meaning of the effect and the application of different modality of stimulus in physical culture and sport.
Cholinergic manipulations in the medial septal area: age-related effects on working memory and hippocampal electrophysiology (1995)

Aged rats have impairments in several types of cognitive functions, including spatial working memory (WM), that are dependent upon the septohippocampal cholinergic system. The present series of experiments was designed to assess the effectiveness of pharmacological manipulations of the medial septal area (MSA) in order to influence the physiology of the septohippocampal pathway and, therefore, the brain functions in which this pathway participates. Aged (22MO) and young (4MO) Fischer-344 rats received microinfusions into the MSA with either saline, the muscarinic agonist, oxotremorine (OXO), or the muscarinic antagonist, scopolamine (SCOP). Working memory was tested in a T-maze spatial alternation task, prior to infusion, immediately after infusion, and 90 min after infusion. Hippocampal theta activity and the population excitatory postsynaptic potential (pEPSP) of the dentate gyrus to perforant path stimulation were recorded immediately following behavioral testing at each of the three time periods. In 22MO rats, intraseptal OXO (0.5 micrograms, 2 micrograms, 5 micrograms) produced a dose-dependent improvement in choice accuracy, a shift of the hippocampal theta peak to a lower frequency and a higher peak power, and an increase in the initial slope of pEPSP. OXO, 0.1 microgram, did not have an effect on behavior or hippocampal physiology and OXO, 10 micrograms, produced an impairment in performance. In 4MO rats, OXO did not affect choice accuracy, nor the pEPSP slope, but altered hippocampal theta peak frequency and power similarly as in 22MO. The lowest behaviorally effective dose, 0.5 microgram OXO, did not influence WM performance when infused into the lateral ventricles (intracerebroventricularly) of either 22MO or 4MO rats. SCOP (2 micrograms, 5 micrograms, 15 micrograms) decreased choice accuracy in a dose-dependent fashion in both 22MO and 4MO rats. However, in 22MO rats, the behavioral dose-response curve for scopolamine was shifted towards greater sensitivity. SCOP produced a shift of the hippocampal theta to a higher frequency and a lower peak power, and a decrease in the initial slope of pEPSP. In 4MO rats, SCOP altered hippocampal theta similarly to 22MO, but did not affect the pEPSP slope. These results indicate that (1) cholinergic receptors in the MSA are a useful target for drugs to improve WM in aging rats, (2) age-related changes in the activity of the septohippocampal pathway may increase its sensitivity to drugs which alter its activity, and (3) alterations in hippocampal physiology may contribute differently to changes in WM in young and in old rats.
Navigating through a forest of quad trees to spot images in a database (2000)

This paper describes how we maintain color and spatial index information on more than 1,000,000 images and how we allow users to browse the spatial color feature space. We break down all our images in color-based quad trees and we store all quad trees in our main-memory database. We allow users to browse the quad trees directly, or they can pre-select images through our color bit vector, which acts as an index accelerator. A Java based GUI is used to navigate through our image indexes. 1991 ACM Computing Classification System: Data structures (E.1), Data storage representations (E.2), Information search and retrieval (H.3.3), Segmentation (I.4.6), Feature measurement (I.4.7) Keywords and Phrases: Quad-tree, color information, large volume image storage, content based image retrieval Note: Work carried out under project INS-1 `MIA.&apos; 1. INTRODUCTION We address the problem of efficient storage and quick searching through an image database with more than 1,000,000 images based on ...
Towards supporting on-demand virtual remodularization using program graphs (2006)

OOP style requires programmers to organize their code according to objects (or nouns, using natural language as a metaphor), causing a program's actions (verbs) to become scattered during implementation. We define an Action-Oriented Identifier Graph (AOIG) to reconnect the scattered actions in an OOP system. An OOP system with an AOIG will essentially support the dynamic virtual remodularization of OOP code into an Action-Oriented View. We have developed an algorithm to automatically construct an AOIG, and an implementation of the construction process. To automatically construct an AOIG, we use Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to process the natural language clues left by programmers in source code and comments, and we connect code segments through the actions that they perform. Using a reasonably sized program, we present several applications of an AOIG (feature location, working set recovery, and aspect mining), which demonstrate how the AOIG can be used by software engineering tools to combat the tyranny of the dominant decomposition.
Transcription of σ<sup>54</sup>‐dependent but not σ<sup>28</sup>‐dependent flagellar genes in <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> is associated with formation of the flagellar secretory apparatus (2003)

Summary We performed a genetic analysis of flagellar regulation in Campylobacter jejuni , from which we elucidated key portions of the flagellar transcriptional cascade in this bacterium. For this study, we developed a reporter gene system for C. jejuni involving astA , encoding arylsulphatase, and placed astA under control of the σ 54 ‐regulated flgDE2 promoter in C. jejuni strain 81‐176. The astA reporter fusion combined with transposon mutagenesis allowed us to identify genes in which insertions abolished flgDE2 expression; genes identified were on both the chromosome and the plasmid pVir. Included among the chromosomal genes were genes encoding a putative sensor kinase and the σ 54 ‐dependent transcriptional activator, FlgR. In addition, we identified specific flagellar genes, including flhA , flhB , fliP , fliR and flhF , that are also required for transcription of flgDE2 and are presumably at the beginning of the C. jejuni flagellar transcriptional cascade. Deletion of any of these genes reduced transcription of both flgDE2 and another σ 54 ‐dependent flagellar gene, flaB , encoding a minor flagellin. Transcription of the σ 28 ‐dependent gene flaA , encoding the major flagellin, was largely unaffected in the mutants. Further examination of flaA transcription revealed significant σ 28 ‐independent transcription and only weak repressive activity of the putative anti‐σ 28 factor FlgM. Our study suggests that σ 54 ‐dependent transcription of flagellar genes in C. jejuni is linked to the formation of the flagellar secretory apparatus. A key difference in the C. jejuni flagellar transcriptional cascade compared with other bacteria that use σ 28 for transcription of flagellar genes is that a mechanism to repress significantly σ 28 ‐dependent transcription of flaA in flagellar assembly mutants is absent in C. jejuni .
Characteristics of Anthropogenic Sulfate and Carbonaceous Aerosols over East Asia： Regional Modeling and Observation (2008)

, BC 和 OC 喷雾器集中和全部的喷雾器与在在东亚上的农村区域的观察一致与在模仿的 OC 喷雾器的更低的偏爱，由于人为的 OC 排出物的低估和第二等的器官的碳的失踪的处理可能。结果建议我们的模型是为描绘人为的喷雾器周期并且为在未来研究估计它的潜在的气候、环境的效果的一个有用工具。
Diagnostic open lung biopsy for diffuse pulmonary disease in immunocompromised pediatric patients (1982)

Diagnostic open lung biopsy was performed in 40 pediatric patients with diffuse pulmonary disease and underlying malignancy or immunosuppression. Specific diagnoses on which therapy could be based were made in 32 patients and there was only one false-negative result. Pneumocystis carinii was diagnosed antemortem in 28 patients. Complications of surgery occurred in six patients (15%), but no patients died as a result of the procedure. Open lung biopsy appears to be a safe and effective diagnostic procedure in immunocompromised pediatric patients with diffuse pulmonary disease of uncertain etiology.
PERSPECTIVAS DEL ECUADOR FRENTE A LA DINÁMICA OCEANOPOLÍTICA Y GEOECONÓMICA EN LA CUENCA DEL PACIFICO (2011)

La realidad que vive Ecuador, en la configuracion de la primera decada del Siglo XXI, dejo algunas dudas sobre lo que es como pais maritimo, porque aun no esta consciente de esa realidad y, en consecuencia, no ha desarrollado todas sus capacidades sobre ese eje esencial de su geografica: el mar, no interpreta el profundo significado de ser parte de la cuenca del Pacifico Sudeste, enclave de la vision oceanopolitica de este siglo: la gran Cuenca del Pacifico.
El Oceano Pacifico tiene un gran valor, y los recursos naturales, vivos y no vivos, que se encuentran en los espacios maritimos nacionales, vigentes y en los que se anadirian en el proceso de adhesion de Ecuador a la CONVEMAR, asi como el flujo comercial materializado en rutas de trafico maritimo que derivan de la explotacion de una ventajosa posicion geoestrategica, crean la necesidad imperiosa de politicas oceanicas a corto plazo para un aprovechamiento y explotacion de las oportunidades que brinda el mar y la region de la Cuenca del Pacifico.