gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PHM-Oriented Integrated Fusion Prognostics for Aircraft Engines Based on Sensor Data (2014)

As the heart of an aircraft, the aircraft engine's condition directly affects the safety, reliability, and operation of the aircraft. Prognostics and health management for aircraft engines can provide advance warning of failure and estimate the remaining useful life. However, aircraft engine systems are complex with both intangible and uncertain factors, it is difficult to model the complex degradation process, and no single prognostic approach can effectively solve this critical and complicated problem. Thus, fusion prognostics is conducted to obtain more accurate prognostics results. In this paper, a prognostics and health management-oriented integrated fusion prognostic framework is developed to improve the system state forecasting accuracy. This framework strategically fuses the monitoring sensor data and integrates the strengths of the data-driven prognostics approach and the experience-based approach while reducing their respective limitations. As an application example, this developed fusion prognostics framework is employed to predict the remaining useful life of an aircraft gas turbine engine based on sensor data. The results demonstrate that the proposed fusion prognostics framework is an effective prognostics tool, which can provide a more accurate and robust remaining useful life estimation than any single prognostics method.
Ultrahigh and controllable drain current peak-to-valley ratio in negative resistance field-effect transistors with a strained InGaAs channel (1994)

Negative resistance field-effect transistor (NERFET) devices using either strained InGaAs or unstrained GaAs channel layers have been fabricated. The strained InGaAs channel NERFET's show strong negative differential resistance and large drain current peak-to-valley ratio. The peak-to-valley ratio of the InGaAs channel NERFET is more than 3000 at room temperature and larger than one million (10/sup 6/) at 77 K. The peak-to-valley ratio is controllable by adjusting the collector voltage.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Effects of hypoxia and other vasoactive agents on pulmonary and cerebral artery smooth muscle cells (1992)

Smooth muscle cells (SMC) were isolated from cat cerebral arteries and three sizes of pulmonary artery (less than 200-, 200- to 600-, and greater than 800-microns diameter) and used within 72-96 h. Change in cell length in response to hypoxia and other vasoactive agents was measured in a specially constructed cell chamber on an inverted microscope. Pulmonary artery SMC responded to hypoxia differently according to artery size. SMC from less than 200- and 200- to 600-microns-diameter pulmonary arteries shortened 18.6 +/- 4.85 and 24.2 +/- 2.70%, respectively. However, SMC from greater than 800-microns-diameter pulmonary arteries shortened 0.81 +/- 0.44%. Cerebral artery SMC plated on a flexible polydimethyl siloxane membrane showed loss of tension during exposure to hypoxia. The shortening of SMC from the 200- to 600-microns pulmonary arteries was accompanied by myosin phosphorylation. SMC from greater than 800-microns-diameter pulmonary arteries and cerebral arteries contained myosin that did not phosphorylate during hypoxia. The SMC from both artery types responded to norepinephrine, serotonin, prostaglandin F2 alpha and indomethacin and exhibited alpha-adrenergic receptor population patterns similar to those of intact arteries. The pattern of hypoxic responses exhibited by these nondedifferentiated pulmonary and cerebral artery SMC supports the idea that, at least in the cat, the hypoxic sensor is located within the SMC.
Can Porphyritic Chondrules Form in Planetary Embryo Bow Shocks (2017)

An exhaustive parameter study involving 133 dynamic
crystallization experiments was conducted, to investigate the
validity of the planetary embryo bow shock model by testing whether
the cooling rates predicted by this model are consistent with the
most dominant chondrule texture, porphyritic. Results show that
using coarse-grained precursors and heating durations ≤ 5 minutes
at peak temperature, porphyritic textures can be reproduced at
cooling rates ≤ 600 K/hr, rates consistent with planetary embryo
bow shocks. Porphyritic textures were found to be commonly
associated with skeletal growth, which compares favorably to
features in natural chondrules from Queen Alexandra Range 97008
analyzed, which show similar skeletal features. It is concluded
that the experimentally reproduced porphyritic textures are
consistent with those of natural chondrules. This work shows
heating duration is a major determinant of chondrule texture and
the work further constrains this parameter by measuring the rate of
chemical dissolution of relict grains. The results provide a
robust, independent constraint that porphyritic chondrules were
heated at their peak temperatures for ≤ 10 minutes. This is also
consistent with heating by bow shocks. The planetary embryo bow
shock model therefore remains a viable chondrule mechanism for the
formation of the vast majority of chondrules, and the results
presented here therefore strongly suggest that large planetary
embryos were present and on eccentric orbits during the first few
million years of the Solar System’s history.
Unmet needs of patients with narcolepsy: perspectives on emerging treatment options (2015)

The treatment options currently available for narcolepsy are often unsatisfactory due to suboptimal efficacy, troublesome side effects, development of drug tolerance, and inconvenience. Our understanding of the neurobiology of narcolepsy has greatly improved over the last decade. This knowledge has not yet translated into additional therapeutic options for patients, but progress is being made. Some compounds, such as histaminergic H3 receptor antagonists, may prove useful in symptom control of narcolepsy. The prospect of finding a cure still seems distant, but hypocretin replacement therapy offers some promise. In this narrative review, we describe these developments and others which may yield more effective narcolepsy treatments in the future.
Human nucleoporin p62 and the essential yeast nuclear pore protein NSP1 show sequence homology and a similar domain organization. (1991)

NSP1 is an essential nuclear pore protein in yeast. We observed that anti-NSP1 antibodies label mammalian nuclear pore complexes and recognize nucleoporin p62. Also peptide antibodies raised against the NSP1 carboxy-terminal end cross-react with p62, a conserved component of the nuclear pore complex in higher eukaryotes. To further analyze the structural and functional similarity between NSP1 and mammalian nucleoporins, we cloned and sequenced nucleoporin p62 from a HeLa cDNA library. Human p62 consists of a carboxy-terminal domain homologous to the essential yeast NSP1 carboxy-terminal domain and an amino-terminal half resembling the repetitive middle domain of NSP1. The full-length p62 and a fusion protein consisting of cytosolic mouse dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and the p62 carboxy-terminal domain were expressed in transfected HeLa cells. Only overexpressed full-length p62, but not the DHFR-C-p62 fusion protein, binds wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). This suggests that modification by N-acetylglucosamine is mainly restricted to the repetitive amino-terminal half of p62 and implies a role of this type of repetitive sequences in nuclear transport. In the transfected HeLa cells, the DHFR-C-p62 fusion protein forms patchy aggregates that accumulate at the nuclear periphery but are also scattered through the cytoplasm. It is suggested that nucleoporin p62 may be targeted and anchored to the pore complex via its carboxy-terminal domain which reveals a hydrophobic heptad repeat organization similar to that found in lamins and other intermediate filament proteins.
Durable write cache in flash memory SSD for relational and NoSQL databases (2014)

In order to meet the stringent requirements of low latency as well as high throughput, web service providers with large data centers have been replacing magnetic disk drives with flash memory solid-state drives (SSDs). They commonly use relational and NoSQL database engines to manage OLTP workloads in the warehouse-scale computing environments. These modern database engines rely heavily on redundant writes and frequent cache flushes to guarantee the atomicity and durability of transactional updates. This has become a serious bottleneck of performance in both relational and NoSQL database engines. This paper presents a new SSD prototype called DuraSSD equipped with tantalum capacitors. The tantalum capacitors make the device cache inside DuraSSD durable, and additional firmware features of DuraSSD take advantage of the durable cache to support the atomicity and durability of page writes. It is the first time that a flash memory SSD with durable cache has been used to achieve an order of magnitude improvement in transaction throughput without compromising the atomicity and durability. Considering that the simple capacitors increase the total cost of an SSD no more than one percent, DuraSSD clearly provides a cost-effective means for transactional support. DuraSSD is also expected to alleviate the problem of high tail latency by minimizing write stalls.
ASTM Engine Coolant Testing (1979)

For more than 30 years, ASTM Committee D-15 on Engine Coolants has been active in the development, refinement, and promotion of test methods for antifreezes and inhibited coolants. The recent emphasis on higher operating temperatures and weight-reducing materials for automotive radiators, heater cores, and engine blocks and heads has increased the need for standards development and modernization.
Diagnostic and therapeutic arterial interventions in the ulcerated diabetic foot (2004)

Whether diabetic foot ulcerations arise from an amalgam of neuro-ischemic factors or because of arterial occlusive disease alone, the arterial circulation must be thoroughly evaluated. Clinical evaluation is foremost, but numerous non-invasive diagnostic options such as duplex ultrasonography and MRA are often enlisted. Contrast arteriography remains unrivaled for delineating the causative occlusive lesions and the possibilities for arterial reconstruction. The principal revascularizations, in our experience, are (1) pedal bypass with autogenous conduits and (2) iliacafemoral endarterectomy. Nearly all diabetic patients (>90%) and a majority of diabetic patients on hemodialysis are candidates for arterial reconstruction, with a resulting three-year limb-salvage rate of 85 to 90%. No matter how good the foot care and the off-loading is, the arterial lesion(s) (5) must be repaired in the overwhelming majority of patients to achieve sustained healing. Unfortunately the five-year survival of these diabetic patients is usually <50%.
Single‐scan z‐shim method for reducing susceptibility artifacts in gradient echo myelin water imaging (2018)

Purpose Myelin water imaging (MWI) reportedly corresponds closely to the myelin content in the brain. An MWI technique based on multi‐echo gradient echo (mGRE) has recently been proposed as an alternative to the conventional spin‐echo‐based MWI. However, the mGRE signal is vulnerable to macroscopic field inhomogeneity, which makes MWI unreliable. In the present study, a z‐shim‐based single‐scan correction method is proposed to overcome this limitation. Methods Z‐shim gradients in the slice‐selection direction were added to an mGRE sequence after an echo time of 12 ms. A 3‐pool model corresponding to the proposed sequence was suggested for fitting the acquired signal. The method was evaluated through a comparison with methods without a correction and with post‐processing only from non‐z‐shimmed data. To do this, numerical simulations and in vivo experiments were conducted. Results The simulation and in vivo experiment results indicated that post‐processing alone was not sufficient to offset the macroscopic field inhomogeneity, particularly in inferior regions of the brain. On the other hand, the proposed method compensated the field inhomogeneity in most brain areas. The estimated in vivo myelin water fraction values were in good agreement with literature values obtained by previously proposed field inhomogeneity correction method. Conclusion The proposed method showed reliable myelin water fraction in most regions of the brain in vivo, including those with severe field inhomogeneity.
A single-chip CMOS CODEC with switched-capacitor filters (1981)

PCM CODEC and filters integrated on a single chip (30.4mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) using CMOS technology will be described. Chip consists of encoder/decoder, switched-capacitor filters and two PLL clock generators. Power dissipation is as low as 35mW.
Satellite Breakup Risk Mitigation (2006)

Many satellite breakups occur as a result of an explosion of stored energy on-board spacecraft or rocket-bodies. These breakups generate a cloud of tens or possibly hundreds of thousands of debris fragments which may pose a transient elevated threat to spaceflight crews and vehicles. Satellite breakups pose a unique threat because the majority of the debris fragments are too small to be tracked from the ground. The United States Human Spaceflight Program is currently implementing a risk mitigation strategy that includes modeling breakup events, establishing action thresholds, and prescribing corresponding mitigation actions in response to satellite breakups.
Anti-<i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> antibodies (ASCA) in Crohn's disease are associated with disease severity but not NOD2/CARD15 mutations (2004)

Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCAs) have been proposed as serological markers, which may differentiate Crohn's disease (CD) from ulcerative colitis (UC) and predict disease phenotype. Their importance in pathogenesis is unproven. We investigated the relationship between ASCAs, disease phenotype and NOD2/CARD15 genotype in CD and whether ASCAs were related to antibodies to other fungal proteins. Serum from 228 patients [143 CD, 75 UC, 10 with indeterminate colitis (IC)] and 78 healthy controls (HC) were assayed for ASCA. Antibodies (IgA, IgG) to other fungal proteins (Fusarium species ATC20334, Mycoprotein) were measured in the same samples using an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay. ASCAs were present in 57% of CD, 19% of UC, 30% of IC and 8% of HCs. ASCA-positive status was a predictor for CD with sensitivity of 57%, specificity of 87%, positive predictive value of 78% and negative predictive value of 68%. ASCA was associated with proximal (gastroduodenal and small bowel involvement) rather than purely colonic disease (P < 0.001) and with a more severe disease phenotype and requirement for surgery over a median follow-up time of 9 years (P < 0.0001). No associations with NOD2/CARD15 mutations were seen. There was no association between ASCA and antibodies to MP (IgA or IgG). These data implicate ASCA as a specific marker of disease location and progression in CD, emphasizing the heterogeneity within IBD.
R&D on Key Technologies Based on Web Information Publishing System (2000)

This paper discusses the histories and status of information publishing systems based on Web, indicates that most of the information publishing systems in China only provide Chinese information and not use the popular code in the world. Auto translation and using the popular code, such as NACE code and HS code, are the key technologic problems. Under the research and development of a large information publishing system, the paper presents the solutions of auto translating, code standardization, data conversion among the heterogeneous databases, and data transfer on cross-platform. The details can be found in this paper.
Development of a Sensor to Measure Physician Consultation Times (2019)

The duration of patient-physician contact is an important factor for the optimisation of treatment processes in healthcare systems. Available methods can be labour-intensive and the quality is, in many cases, poor. A part of this research project is to develop a sensor system, which allows the detection of people passing through a door, including the direction. For this purpose, two time of flight sensors are combined with a door sensor and a motion detection sensor (for redundancy) on one single side of the door frame. The period between two single measurements could be reduced to 50 ms, which allows the measurement of walking speed up to 2 ms - 1 . The accuracy of the time stamp for each event is less than one second and ensures a precise documentation of the consultation time. This paper presents the development of the sensor system, the miniaturisation of the installation and first measurement results, as well as the measurement's concept of quality analysis, including multiple door applications. In future steps, the sensor system will be deployed at different medical practices to determine the exact duration of the patient-physician interaction over a longer time period.
Seismic moment tensor resolution by waveform inversion of a few local noisy records-I. Synthetic tests (1996)

A theory is described that takes into account the effects of the random noise contained in seismic records, the mislocation of the hypocentre and the inaccurate knowledge of the velocity structure, while estimating the error affecting the mechanism and the source time function determined by waveform inversion of noisy records. Assuming Gaussian errors, the variance of the forward model error is defined and then transformed into confidence regions of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the moment tensor and into error bars of the source time function. The method allows us to treat point sources, composed of a few subevents, either acting simultaneously or delayed in time. Therefore, in a series of synthetic tests, we investigate separately the effects of the noise level, the mislocation of the hypocentre and the inaccurate knowledge of the medium on the resolution of the two parts of a focus, composed of a double-couple (DC) and a volumetric (V) source, a general case that we find in volcanic areas.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Triarylmethanes by Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Arylation of Diarylmethylamines with Arylboroxines (2015)

The reaction of racemic diarylmethylamines, (Ar(1)Ar(2)CHNR2), where Ar(1) is substituted with a 2-hydroxy group, with arylboroxines (Ar(3)BO)3 in the presence of a chiral diene-rhodium catalyst gave high yields of chiral triarylmethanes (Ar(1)Ar(2)CH*Ar(3)) with high enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee). The reaction is assumed to proceed through o-quinone methide intermediates which undergo Rh-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of the arylboron reagents.
The Contracts between Leading Agribusiness Enterprises and Rural Households : Its Effects on Firm-level Export of Agricultural Products (2010)

In this paper, transaction cost is introduced into the general firm-level export behavior model. By so doing, we constructed a theoretical model to explain how connection modes between leading agribusiness enterprises and rural households affect the firm-level agricultural products export. Analyzing the dataset of 561 national leading agribusinesses of the year 2003, we use Tobit model to estimate the firm-level export effect of the connection modes. The empirical result demonstrates that connections in the mode of stock-cooperation or cooperation contracts have a significant positive effect on the enterprises export and export ratio. In addition, the connection with more characteristics of factor contract has stronger effect on export than that with commodity contract characteristics.
Inhibition of Protein Phosphatase PP1 in GH3B6, but Not in GH3 Cells, Activates the MEK/ERK/c-fos Pathway and the Human Prolactin Promoter, Involving the Coactivator CBP/p300 (2001)

The human (hPRL) PRL gene proximal promoter (164/15) is the target for numerous signal transduction pathways involving protein kinases. The inhibitor of Ser/Thr-protein phosphatases okadaic acid (OA) was shown to induce this promoter in rat pituitary GH3B6 through a synergism between increased amounts of the ubiquitous factor AP-1 and the pituitary-specific factor Pit-1. Here we show that this activation results mainly from transcriptional stimulation of the c-fos promoter leading to increased AP-1 activity. We report the surprising absence of the hPRL and c-fos promoter stimulation by OA in GH3 cells, closely related to GH3B6 cells, and we use this discrepancy to dissect the precise mechanism of action. c-fos gene activation involves the mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK)-ternary complex factor (TCF) pathway and can be obtained by expressing active V12ras in both cell lines. We show that OA acts by inhibiting protein phosphatase PP1, thereby protecting MAPK kinase (MEK)1/2 and/or a MEK1/2-kinase from dephosphorylation. PP1 inhibition of MEK activation by V12ras does not occur in GH3 cells, indicating that a distinct, PP1-sensitive phosphorylation site is used in GH3B6 cells to activate the TCF pathway in GH3B6 cells. Finally, we show that the synergistic OA activation of the hPRL promoter by Pit-1 and AP-1 is independent of the Pit-1 transactivation domain and is mediated by the general coactivator (CRE-binding protein)-binding protein (CBP)/p300.
Boxcar controller for low-repetition-rate use (1979)

We present a simple digital circuit which will control a Princeton Applied Research Corporation (model No. 164) boxcar integrator and thereby allow full utilization of the linear sum mode. This provides for improved signal-to-noise ratios and shorter data acquisition times for short signals [10-50 ns occuring at moderate repetition rates (1-20 Hz)]. This provides significant data acquisition time savings for low-repetition-rate, high-time-resolution measurements. It also increases the signal-to-noise ratio in many circumstances.
AOTF Overview: Past, Present, And Future (1987)

AOTF overview: past, present, and futureP. KatzkaLitton Applied Technology645 Almanor Avenue, Sunnyvale, California 94088 -3478AbstractThis paper reviews the historical development of the acousto -optic tunable filter, its presenttechnological status, and future trends.IntroductionThe acousto -optic tunable filter (AOTF)''2 is a solid -state electronically -tunable spectral bandpassfilter (Figure 1), which operates on the principle of acousto -optic (AO) interaction in an anisotropic
Effects of a dietary chitosan and calcium supplement on Ca and P metabolism in cats. (2004)

The aim of the present study in cats was to investigate the potential effects of a calcium carbonate and chitosan supplement on blood parameters in aged cats with moderate chronic renal failure and on the mineral balance in adult healthy cats. For the trials, 10 neutered cats 2-4 years of age were fed for 21 days and six neutered cats (2 male and 4 female), 14 years of age, with elevated urea and phosphorus level in the plasma were fed for 35 days with a supplement. The apparent digestibility of phosphorus was (p < 0.05) reduced in the treatment period. Plasma urea inorganic phosphate decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the old cats after 35 days of treatment. The treatment had a significant effect on the phosphorus, gross energy, dry matter, crude ash, crude fiber and crude protein digestibility in adult healthy cats. The practical implication could be an alternative treatment option for cats refusing to ingest veterinary renal diets.