gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Incidence of Decreased Red Blood Cell Deformability in Sepsis and the Association With Oxygen Free Radical Damage and Multiple-System Organ Failure (1989)

We studied the incidence of decreased red blood cell deformability (RBCD) in sepsis and the association between decreased RBCD and oxygen free radical generation (as measured by malonyldialdehyde) and the occurrence of multiple-system organ failure (MSOF). Patients were divided into three groups: septic (n = 28), nonseptic (n = 15), and control (n = 5). Serial measurements of deformability index, malonyldialdehyde, and MSOF were made. The deformability index for the septic group (0.23 +/- 0.17) was significantly less than that for the nonseptic (1.12 +/- 0.48) and control (1.11 +/- 0.25) groups. The malonyldialdehyde levels for the septic group (4.5 +/- 1.0 nmol/mL) were significantly greater than those for the nonseptic (2.7 +/- 0.9 nmol/mL) and control (2.6 +/- 0.8 nmol/mL) groups. The MSOF index for the septic group (10.1 +/- 2.5) was significantly greater than that for the nonseptic (7.6 +/- 1.7) and control (6.0 +/- 0.0) groups. An inverse correlation existed between malonyldialdehyde and deformability index ( = .501, less than .001, n = 40) and between deformability index and MSOF index (= .350, less than .05, n = 61). We conclude that RBCD is decreased during human sepsis; free radicals generated during sepsis may play a role in the decrease in RBCD. Decreased RBCD may contribute to the MSOF that occurs during sepsis.
Design and implementation of the plasma reactor for pulsed power system (2013)

In pulsed power system, mechanical characteristic means the structure of the plasma reactor, and impedance matching between the pulse generator and the plasma reactor means the electrical characteristics. It is a very important issue in the industry because impedance matching is closely related to the efficiency and reliability of the pulsed power system. In this paper, the design and implementation for improving the energy density of the wire-plate plasma reactor are presented. The system configuration, impedance characteristics and structures of the plasma reactor are described, and the output characteristic of the plasma reactor according to the structure of the wires and plates is analyzed. The plasma reactor model is realized on the simulation tool, and the simulation results are compared with the experiment data. Based on the theoretical analysis and the simulated model, impedance matching between the wire-plate plasma reactor and the pulsed power generator can be more fully achieved.
Data-Driven Development of the Dewey Decimal Classification (2017)

Changes involved in maintaining the Dewey Decimal
 Classification (DDC), a general classification system, have derived in the past
 from many distinct sources. Without disregarding these sources, the DDC
 editorial team is also considering data-driven methods of (1) identifying
 existing areas of the DDC warranting further development or (2) identifying
 topics with sufficient literary warrant to justify explicit inclusion in the
 DDC. The use of two sources of data is under investigation. The first data
 source reflects the assignment of recently created Library of Congress Subject
 Headings (LCSHs) to resources described in WorldCat records (i.e., LCSHs added
 within the past 5 years). The second data source reflects the assignment of
 numbers from the current full edition of Dewey to WorldCat records. The topics
 and schedule areas identified through these means require investigation to
 ascertain if they are viable candidates for further development. Preliminary
 work with these data sources reveals that the strategies hold
 promise.
"I Am Hot, Irritable and Feeling Low; What Alternatives do I have Besides Hormone Replacement Therapy?". (2010)

Women at the end of their reproductive age often complain of climacteric symptoms which can be quite debilitating at times. Physiological changes due to deficient oestrogen have received global attention in the search for an acceptable and safe measure to improve quality of life for women with these complaints. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) used to be the main treatment for menopausal symptoms. Lately there are concerns about its possible adverse effects of increasing risks of breast malignancy, heart diseases, etc. Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM) plays a significant role in relieving these climacteric symptoms especially in women with contraindications to hormonal therapy and in those who are worried of its adverse effects. It is important for women to be aware of these CAM to provide them with options to improve their quality of life. This paper explores other pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures as alternatives to hormone replacement therapy (HRT), to assess how useful and reliable they are according to available scientific evidence.
EvoDroid: segmented evolutionary testing of Android apps (2014)

Proliferation of Android devices and apps has created a demand for applicable automated software testing techniques. Prior research has primarily focused on either unit or GUI testing of Android apps, but not their end-to-end system testing in a systematic manner. We present EvoDroid, an evolutionary approach for system testing of Android apps. EvoDroid overcomes a key shortcoming of using evolutionary techniques for system testing, i.e., the inability to pass on genetic makeup of good individuals in the search. To that end, EvoDroid combines two novel techniques: (1) an Android-specific program analysis technique that identifies the segments of the code amenable to be searched independently, and (2) an evolutionary algorithm that given information of such segments performs a step-wise search for test cases reaching deep into the code. Our experiments have corroborated EvoDroid's ability to achieve significantly higher code coverage than existing Android testing tools.
金聖嘆擬史批評所見《水滸傳》敘事之史家書法 (2011)

This thesis investigate the historical narrative methodology and rhetoric of Shui-Hu through Jin Sheng-Tan’s similar criticism of historical biographies. There are three arguments: At first, the narrative methodology and rhetoric of The Spring and Autumn Annuals is an important writing principle of historical biographies, it is also a method to interpret novels. From Jin Sheng-Tan’s viewpoint, he interprets the writing principle and methodology dictated by The Spring and Autumn Annuals throughout the narratives of Shui-Hu. In my discourses, I analyze and categorize the Shui-Hu commentary by Jin Sheng-Tan which corresponds to the five examples of the narrative methodology and rhetoric of The Spring and Autumn Annuals, and refer to the standard historical commentary in Shi Ji Ping Lin. The result of Chapter 2 is the narratives of Shui-Hu express morals through similar historical commentary and statements. The second points, the narrative methodology and rhetoric of The Spring and Autumn Annuals includes two essential factors: writing methods of historical biographies and article techniques. The author of Shi Ji, Si Ma-Qian, creates the writing style of historical biographies. Si Ma-Qian expects to reflect historic changes by narrativing typical characters in history, and to emphasize the significances of the wills and activities of human in history. Chapter 3 arguments that the narrative of Shui-Hu reveals the writing style of historical biographies. The third points, the narrative techniques of Shui-Hu can trace to the Zuo Chuan. Due to most writing methodology and historical documents of Zuo Chuan are followed by Shi Ji, and the article anthology in the period of wan-li to the end of Ming Dynasty most respect Zuo Chuan, so the Zuo Chuan can be regarded as the source of Chinese narrative text. Chapter 3 argument that the article techniques of Shui-Hu refer to the Zuo Xiu and the other Zuo Chuan commentary.
Fundamentals of Clinical Hematology (1997)

Part I: Introduction to Clinical Hematology. Basic Principles of Clinical Hematology. Hematopoiesis. Part II: Introduction to Leukocytes. Granulocytic Blood Cells. Monocyte/Macrophage Blood Cells (MO). Lymphocytes and Plasma Cells. Leukocyte Testing. Part III: Introduction to Erythrocites. Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells, RBC). Hemoglobin (HGB). Normal Responses and Diseases of Erythrocytes. Erythrocyte Testing. Part IV: Components of Hemostasis (Vasculature, Platelets, And Coagulation Pathways and Proteins). Thrombocytes (Platelets). Blood Coagulation. Coagulation Testing. Part V: Introduction to Body Fluids. Body Fluids. Body Fluid Testing. Part VI: Interrelationships. Correlation, Validation, Verification, And Considerations.
The national simulation laboratory: the unifying tool for air traffic control system development (1991)

The authors report on efforts within the Federal Aviation Administration to develop a national simulation laboratory (NSL) for the study of advanced concepts in air traffic control (ATC). The NSL is intended to serve as a resource to developers and managers for studying future ATC concepts in an integrated multisystem environment. The authors also describe work on the NSL's precursor activity, the integration and interaction laboratory (I-Lab), which is helping to develop the core capabilities necessary for the NSL and to demonstrate the technical feasibility of the program. >
Maternal immunity against avian influenza H5N1 in chickens: limited protection and interference with vaccine efficacy (2011)

After avian influenza (AI) vaccination, hens will produce progeny chickens with maternally derived AI-specific antibodies. In the present study we examined the effect of maternal immunity in young chickens on the protection against highly pathogenic AI H5N1 virus infection and on the effectiveness of AI vaccination. The mean haemagglutination inhibition antibody titre in sera of 14-day-old progeny chickens was approximately eight-fold lower than the mean titre in sera of vaccinated hens. After H5N1 infection at the age of 14 days, chickens with maternal antibody titres lived a few days longer than control chickens. However, only a low proportion of chickens with maternal immunity survived challenge with H5N1. In most progeny chickens with maternal immunity, high virus titres (>10(4) median embryo infective dose) were present in the trachea during the first 4 days after H5N1 infection. In the cloaca, only low virus titres were present in most chickens. In 14-day-old progeny chickens with maternal immunity, the induction of antibody titres by vaccination was severely inhibited, with only a few chickens showing responses similar to the control chickens. It is concluded that high maternal antibody titres are required for clinical protection and reduction of virus titres after infection of chickens, whereas low antibody titres already interfere with vaccine efficacy.
Effects of topical anesthesia on essential tremor. (1992)

In a single-blinded study, the effects of skin desensitization by topical anesthesia (4% xylocaine) on six patients who had essential tremor were investigated. Resting hand tremor was monitored using an accelerometer and multiple surface electromyograms. The amplitude and frequency characteristics of the oscillations were determined using spectral analysis. Topical anesthesia significantly suppressed the tremor amplitude and the associated electrical activity in all patients: the mean tremor amplitude was reduced by 40%. No changes in the frequencies of the essential tremors were detected.
A Distributed Sensor Relocatlon Scheme for Environmental Control (2007)

We consider the problem of self-deployment and relocation in mobile wireless networks, where nodes are both sensors and actuators. We propose a unified, distributed algorithm that has the following features. During deployment, our algorithm yields a regular tessellation of the geographical area with a given node density, called monitoring configuration. Upon the occurrence of a physical phenomenon, network nodes relocate themselves so as to properly sample and control the event, while maintaining the network connectivity. Then, as soon as the event ends, all nodes return to the monitoring configuration. To achieve these goals, we use a virtual force-based strategy, which proves to be very effective even when compared to an optimal centralized solution.
Regulation of FoxP<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>Regulatory T Cells and Th17 Cells by Retinoids (2008)

Vitamin A has both positive and negative regulatory functions in the immune system. While vitamin A is required for normal formation of immune cells and epithelial cell barriers, vitamin A deficiency can lead to increased inflammatory responses and tissue damage. The mechanism with which vitamin A and its metabolites such as retinoids negatively regulate inflammatory responses has not been clearly defined. Recently, it has been established that retinoids promote the generation of immune-suppressive FoxP3+ regulatory T cells while they suppress the T cell differentiation into inflammatory Th17 cells in the periphery such as intestine. These novel functions of retinoids provide a potentially important immune regulatory mechanism. In this review, we discuss the functions of retinoids in the development of the FoxP3+ cells and Th17 cells, the phenotype and functions of retinoid-induced FoxP3+ T cells, and the impact of retinoid-induced FoxP3+ T cells on the immune tolerance.
Variable-Force Eddy-Current Damper (1986)

Variable damping achieved without problems of containing viscous fluids. Eddy-current damping obtained by moving copper or aluminum conductors through magnetic fields. Position of magnet carrier determines amount of field engagement and, therefore, amount of damping. Three advantages of concept: Magnitudes of stiffness and damping continously varied from maximum to zero without bringing rotor or shaft to stop; used in rotating machines not having viscous fluids available such as lubricating oils; produces sizable damping forces in machines that pump liquid hydrogen at - 246 degrees C and liquid oxygen at - 183 degrees C and are compact in size.
The role of dietary gangliosides on immunity and the prevention of infection (2007)

Gangliosides are acid glycosphingolipids widely distributed in most vertebrate tissues and fluids. They are present in mammalian milk, where they are almost exclusively associated with the membrane fraction of the fat globule. In human milk, the content and individual distribution of gangliosides changes during lactation, GD3 being the most abundant ganglioside in colostrum, while in mature milk, GM3 is the major individual species. Gangliosides function as "unintended" target receptors for bacterial adhesion in specific tissues. After oral administration, they can be putative decoys that interfere with pathogenic binding in the intestine, this being the main mechanism by which these compounds can prevent infection. Ganglioside-supplemented infant formula has been reported to modify the intestinal ecology of preterm newborns, increasing the Bifidobacteria content and lowering that of Escherichia coli. In addition, the influence of dietary gangliosides on several parameters related to the development of intestinal immune system, such as cytokine and intestinal IgA production, has also been described in animal models. Recently, the influence of GM3 and GD3 on dendritic cell maturation and effector functionalities has also been reported, suggesting a role for these milk gangliosides, especially GD3, in modulating the process of oral tolerance during first stages of life. In summary, dietary gangliosides may have an important role in the modification of intestinal microflora and the promotion of intestinal immunity development in the neonate, and consequently in the prevention of infections during early infancy.
Pro-angiogenic effects of X-rays on murine endothelial cells (2005)

Recently, significant attention has been paid to the possibility of thwarting cancer progression by inhibition of neoangiogenesis (formation of new blood vessels) in growing tumors. Although general mechanisms of angiogenesis have been elucidated, virtually nothing is known about the effects of low doses of ionizing radiation on pro-angiogenic properties of endothelial cells. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of a low (0.2 Gy), intermediate (1 Gy), and high (4 Gy) doses of X-rays on a few angiogenesis-related parameters of isolated murine endothelial cells. We show here that 24 to 48 hours after irradiation with 0.2 Gy the cell proliferation was inhibited to a similar extent as after the exposure to 1 Gy. Also, adhesion of the 0.2 Gy-irradiated cells to both gelatin and Matrigel ® was inhibited 24 hours post-exposure, whereas irradiation with 1 or 4 Gy resulted in the increased adhesion of the cells to these substrata. Similar effects were observed during the wound migration assay. Finally, 24 hours after exposure of the cells to 0.2 Gy of X-rays, the surface expression of the β3 integrin subunit was down-regulated, whereas irradiations with 1 and 4 Gy of X-rays resulted in the significantly elevated expression of this subunit. These results indicate that proliferating endothelial cells are sensitive in vitro to relatively low doses of ionizing radiation and that the effects of a low dose are opposite to those observed after irradiations with 1 and 4 Gy of X-rays.
French People and Skin Diseases (2003)

This survey of perceived health status in France highlights both the prevalence of skin disorders and the underestimation of the effects of dermatologic disorders in public health. A majority of the French population is satisfied with the care supplied by dermatologists.
Investigation of MOS capacitors with thin ZrO<sub>2</sub>layers and various gate materials for advanced DRAM applications (1986)

Thin ZrO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> layers were used to realize MOS capacitors with aluminum, polysilicon, and molybdenum gate electrodes. The layers, 300-600 Å in thickness, were obtained by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. The effects of various high-temperature treatments as well as gate material deposition conditions on the MOS capacitor properties were studied. Processing conditions compatible with standard silicon technology were established to obtain capacitors suitable for advanced DRAM application. Relative dielectric constant ∈ ≥ 16, breakdown field <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E_{B} \ge 3</tex> MV/cm, and leakage currents at applied voltage of 5V around 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-8</sup> A/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> enable the realization of capacitors with dielectric layer equivalent to 35 Å of SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> .
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND C‐NUCLEOPHILIC REACTION BEHAVIOR OF 2‐METHYL‐3‐ETHOXYTHIAPSEUDOPHENALENIUM TETRAFLUOROBORATE (1978)

Abstract Das Thiapseudophenolenon (I) reagiert mit Triethoxoniumtetrafluoroborat zu 2‐Methyl‐3‐ethoxy‐3H‐naphtho/1.8‐bc/‐thiopheniumtetrafluoroborat (II), dessen Reaktionsweise mit carbonylaktiven Verbindungen, wie Anisaldehyd, Vanillin, 4‐Dimethylamino‐benzaldehyd, β‐Naphtholaldehyd, Flavon, Thioxanthon, zu Kondensationsprodukten, z.B. (III), beschrieben ist.
Ultrafast Feedback A/D Conversion Made Possible by a Nonuniform Error Quantizer (1983)

The paper presents a means of increasing the speed of a tracking (feedback) A/D converter by replacing the single comparator with an error quantizer having exponentially spaced representative levels. The technique is particularly suited to digitizing the class of signals which exhibit a large covariance between temporally adjacent samples. An n bit converter realized in this way incorporates a quantizer which has a maximum of 2n comparators. Data compression may be simply realized by encoding the quantizer output to produce a DPCM word stream.
PLANT ASSOCIATIONS IN MIANKALEH BIOSPHERE RESERVE, MAZANDARAN PROVINCE (N. IRAN) (2007)

The Miankaleh Biosphere Reserve with a surface area of 68800 hectares is located in 12 km N of Behshahr (MazandaranProvince, N. Iran) between 53˚ 35' - 54˚ 2' eastern longitude and 36˚ 45' - 36˚ 55' northern latitude. The vegetation of MiankalehPeninsula was studied, using the Braun-Blanquet (Zygmatist) method. Based on the analysis of phytosociological data using the Anaphyto software and AFC and CAH methods 26 associations were recognized. The following associations occupy the large part of the area: Punicetum granati, Junco maritimi - Rubetum sancti, Juncetum littoralis and Salicornietum europaea. The distribution of plant associations in the Miankaleh area is mainly influenced by the soil chemical factors including EC, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl‾, HCO3‾, SO42‾ and water table.
The Effects Of Injury And Sepsis On Fuel Utilization (1989)

The objective of this review is to provide an overview of intermittent fasting regimens, summarize the evidence on the health benefits of intermittent fasting, and discuss physiological mechanisms by which intermittent fasting might lead to improved ...Read More
Repair of DNA lesions induced by ultraviolet irradiation and aromatic amines in normal and repair-deficient human lymphoblastoid cell lines (1995)

A host cell reactivation (HCR) assay was employed to study the capacity of a normal and three repair-deficient human lymphoblastoid cell lines to repair DNA damage induced by UV irradiation and the aromatic amines 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene (AAF) respectively. The cell line belonging to xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XP-C) removed all three types of damage less efficiently than the normal cell line, but more efficiently than the cell line belonging to xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XP-D). The cell line belonging to complementation group B of Cockayne's syndrome (CS-B) showed reduced host cell reactivation. Fibroblasts from CS-B patients have reduced gene-specific DNA repair, but normal total genomic DNA repair, thus our data suggest that the HCR assay measures the capacity for gene-specific DNA repair. In the XP-D cell line, which had practically no DNA repair capacity, AAF adducts had a more potent inhibitory effect on gene expression than UV and PhIP adducts. When corrected for this inhibitory effect, the wild-type, XP-C and CS-B cell lines repaired low levels of AAF and UV adducts with similar efficiencies, however, PhIP adducts were repaired less efficiently.