gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Curli Produced by <i>Escherichia coli</i> PHL628 Provide Protection from Hg(II) (2010)

The role of curli, amyloid extracellular fibers, in the tolerance of Escherichia coli PHL628 to Hg(II) was examined. Our findings indicate that by sorbing Hg(II) extracellularly, curli protect the cells. To our knowledge, this is the first time a protective role of curli against toxic metals has been demonstrated.
Recent advances in carbon nanodots: synthesis, properties and biomedical applications (2014)

Herein, a mini review is presented concerning the most recent research progress of carbon nanodots, which have emerged as one of the most attractive photoluminescent materials. Different synthetic methodologies to achieve advanced functions and better photoluminescence performances are summarized, which are mainly divided into two classes: top-down and bottom-up. The inspiring properties, including photoluminescence emission, chemiluminescence, electrochemical luminescence, peroxidase-like activity and toxicity, are discussed. Moreover, the biomedical applications in biosensing, bioimaging and drug delivery are reviewed.
Lactate metabolism in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. (1979)

Abstract The possible effect of tumor glycolysis on whole-body lactate metabolism has not been previously measured in humans. Using an isotope tracer technique, we found increased rates of lactate production in 20 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer compared to 13 control subjects of comparable age and sex (15.6 ± 1.3 µmol/kg/min versus 10.4 ± 0.6 µmol/kg/min; p
Progesterone crystallization from a solvent: a new procedure (2002)

We have grown progesterone single crystals from a gradually heated solution in acetone + ethyl ether. Transparent crystals obtained were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The X-ray and electron diffraction show an orthorhombic structure. Spectroscopy confirms that the crystal is constituted by the same components as the progesterone molecule.
Competências, formação continuada e o ensino de línguas (2003)

Diante do processo .de globalizacao, e necessario que o professor repense oseu papel e faca corri que sua praticaS.'pedagogica
Surface normalization of sensitized stainless steel by laser surface melting (1978)

A scanning laser beam was used to melt and normalize the surface layer of sensitized 304 stainless steel. Subsequent Strauss tests indicated a complete resistance to intergranular corrosion. Mechanical testing at strains less than 15% also showed laser surface melting to indefinitely extend specimen life in a stress corrosion environment. At strains greater than 15%, the laser-scanned protective layer was breached by cracks. A maximum critical laser-scanning velocity compatible with normalization of the surface layer is calculated. Similarly, a minimum critical laser-scanning velocity required to avoid resensitization is determined. The stress distribution in a 304 stainless-steel specimen with a laser-melted and self-quenched surface layer is estimated and shown to be compatible with the observed appearance of martensite in the melted surface layer.
Composite Materials Infiltrated by Aluminium Alloys Based on Porous Skeletons from Alumina, Mullite and Titanium Produced by Powder Metallurgy Techniques (2017)

The infiltration technology with reinforcement in the form of porous skeletons fabricated with powder metallurgy methods has been presented in relation to the general characteristics of metal alloy matrix composite materials. The results of our own investigations are presented pertaining to four alternative technologies of fabrication of porous, sintered skeletons, and their structure and their key technological properties are presented. Porous skeletons made of Al2O3 aluminium are sintered reactively using blowing agents or are manufactured by ceramic injection moulding (CIM) from powder. Porous skeletons made of 3Al2O3⋅2SiO2 mullite are achieved by sintering a mixture of halloysite nanotubes together with agents forming an open structure of pores. Titanium porous skeletons are achieved by selective laser sintering (SLS). The structure and properties of composite materials with an aluminium alloy matrix—mainly EN AC-AlSi12 and also EN AC-AlSi7Mg0.3 alloys—reinforced with the so manufactured skeletons are also described. A unique structure of the achieved composite materials, together with good mechanical properties and abrasive wear resistance at low density, ensured by an aluminium alloy matrix, are indicating broad application possibilities of such composites.
Airbag-Hybridtechnik im neuen Opel Vectra (1996)

Social phobia has a direct effect on the ability of the individual to interact with others in social or work situations and as a result is associated with a high level of dysfunction. The level of impairment is as severe as that found in other chronic disorders such as depression and is increased by a cascade of comorbidity, which complicates management. Efficacy in social phobia was reported with the MAOIs and this led to the investigation of reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-A (RIMA) which offer a safer alternative. The efficacy of moclobemide has been shown in social phobia and the effect is more clear cut in patients with more severe symptoms. The better effect in severe social phobia has also been reported with the SSRI paroxetine. Effective treatment of social phobia appears to be able to overcome the substantial chronicity of illness which is frequent in sufferers. The introduction of these treatments should encourage people with social phobia to seek medical help for this hitherto much neglected disorder.
Clot-busting for stroke (2011)

It's human nature to remember our “firsts”. I still remember the first time I gave intravenous alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke to a young man with severe neurological impairment. His wife, heavily pregnant with their first child, faced the prospect of becoming the carer for both her child and husband in just a few weeks. But the young man responded to alteplase and made a remarkable, almost “Lazarus”, recovery. He walked out of hospital 4 days later in time to be with his wife when she gave birth.
Laser Based Fabrication of Graphene (2013)

Graphene, two dimensional (2D) carbon-carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonally honey‐ comb lattice structure, is the latest carbon (C) allotrope to be discovered. It has gained tremendous scientific research interests due to some unique properties, such as quantum hall effect and nearly ballistic electronic transportation in ambient.[1-4] These properties have stimulated intense activity among physicists, chemists and material scientists. Much research has focused on developing routs for the controllable growth of high quality graphene. Historically, graphene can be produced via micromechanical cleavage and SiC decomposition methods.[2, 5, 6] In order to meet even higher requirements, such as good crystallinity, less impurities and large area coverage, the present most successful fabrica‐ tion technique focuses on chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on copper [5 8] Some other graphene growth methods include growth of graphene from solid carbon source, gra‐ phene synthesis by ion beam implantation, and graphene formation by decomposition of C60, have also been reported in the recent years.[9, 10] Apart from these, pulsed laser deposition (PLD), which is one of the unique physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods, represents a completely new fabrication way in this field.
A procedure to obtain mill cutter and cutting parameters using parameter optimization under constraints and expert rules (2008)

In this paper, remove material processes are into account for developing an expert mill cutter and cutting parameters selection system based on numerical methods of performance evaluation. The knowledge base is given by limitations in process variables, which let us to define the allowable cutting parameter space. The mentioned limitations lead to instabilities due to tool-work-piece interaction, known as chatter vibrations. The power available in the spindle motor and milling force control restrictions are also considered as process limitations. Moreover, an additional term is taken into consideration in order to be sure of avoiding chatter vibrations when the spindle speed is varied due to spindle deflexions or perturbations. Then, a novel tool cost model is contrived. It is used to choose a suitable tool, among a known set of candidate available cutters, and to obtain the appropriate cutting parameters in an optimal way. Once the tool and the cutting parameters are obtained, the developed system is able to redefine the cutting parameters automatically if new considerations about machinery data are required through expert rules. Nevertheless, such optimal cutting parameters can be obtained by introducing into the system production and/or machine tool constraints and/or by manipulating the cost function weighting factors. An example is presented in order to illustrate the method.
Insulin: Rates and Routes of Delivery (1974)

Treatment of the diabetic patient with insulin can generally be considered in the context of two clinical situations: the management of acute, severe disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma) and the long-term regulation of blood glucose concentration. For the former, the goal is rapid repletion of insulin, fluid, and electrolyte deficits. The optimal long-term objectives in the insulin-treated diabetic patient include not only reduction of blood glucose to normal but prevention of microangiopathy as well. Current trends and research suggest that the management of both situations, which has varied little since the introduction of insulin over 50 years . . .
Snoring Surgery: Which One is Best for You? (1999)

Excessive snoring is a common problem that is frequently treated surgically. In the early 1980s, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty was introduced to the United States as the first surgical treatment for excessive snoring. It remains in common use, but its limitations created an incentive to develop a procedure that is as effective, but safer and more economical. Several other surgical procedures for snoring were developed, including laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty, palatal stiffening operations, and radiofrequency ablation. Each of these procedures has its own advantages and limitations; which procedure is the best treatment for excessive snoring is controversial. We present our experience with each of these procedures, along with a thorough review of the literature, to help the otolaryngologist determine which is the best snoring surgery for the individual patient.
Recent Advances in Trifluoromethylation Reactions with Electrophilic Trifluoromethylating Reagents (2014)

Electrophilic trifluoromethylation reactions have been the latest approach to achieve the fluoroalkylation of compounds with newly-discovered reagents, such as the Togni's (1-trifluoromethyl-1,2-benziodoxol-3-(1 H)-one), Umemoto's (S-(trifluoromethyl)dibenzothiophenium tetrafluoroborate), Yagupolskii's (S-(trifluoromethyldiarylsulfonium salts), Shreeve's (S-(trifluoromethyl)dibenzothiophenium triflate), and Shibata's (trifluoromethylsulfoximine salts) reagents. All these reagents produce an electrophilic trifluoromethylating (CF3 (+) ) species that undergoes reaction with nucleophiles. In addition, these latter reactive species (i.e. CF3 (+) ) can undergo electron-transfer (ET) processes affording CF3 (⋅) radicals that expand the scope to substrates other than conventional nucleophiles that can undergo reaction. In this Review, we shall discuss the trifluoromethylation reactions of diverse families of organic substrates of biological interest as a means to comparing the reagents scope and best reaction conditions. Some, though not all, of these reactions require the assistance of metal or organometallic catalysts. Some require additives and catalysts to promote the fluoroalkylation reaction, but invariably all are initiated and carried out by electrophilic trifluoromethylating species.
MIMO Detection of 16-QAM Signaling Based on Semidefinite Relaxation (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We propose a computationally efficient semidefinite relaxation (SDR) of the maximum likelihood (ML) detector for 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The SDR stems from a variant of the ML problem, which utilizes set operation algorithms to formulate the alphabet constraint. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed method can provide improved error performance as compared to some previous detectors. </para>
A Knowledge-Enhanced Pretraining Model for Commonsense Story Generation (2020)

Story generation, namely generating a reasonable story from a leading context, is an important but challenging task. In spite of the success in modeling fluency and local coherence, existing neural language generation models (e.g., GPT-2) still suffer from repetition, logic conflicts, and lack of long-range coherence in generated stories. We conjecture that this is because of the difficulty of associating relevant commonsense knowledge, understanding the causal relationships, and planning entities and events with proper temporal order. In this paper, we devise a knowledge-enhanced pretraining model for commonsense story generation. We propose to utilize commonsense knowledge from external knowledge bases to generate reasonable stories. To further capture the causal and temporal dependencies between the sentences in a reasonable story, we employ multi-task learning which combines a discriminative objective to distinguish true and fake stories during fine-tuning. Automatic and manual evaluation shows that our model can generate more reasonable stories than state-of-the-art baselines, particularly in terms of logic and global coherence.
Information policy audit : A case study of an organizational analysis tool (1996)

. Il s'agit ici d'une enquete empirique basee sur une etude pilote centree sur l'existence et l'efficacite des politiques generales au sein des organismes. Les sortes et sources d'informations employees dans la planification de la strategie, l'innovation et les modifications, ainsi que les politiques gouvernant l'acces et la confidentialite, sont examinees. L'etude se focalise sur l'utilite d'un modele dans l'expertise d'une politique d'information. Un modele eventuel base sur la documentation et cette recherche est presente a titre d'exemple.
Basic unit layer rate control for video security (2010)

Video security is one of multi-view video applications. However the current multi-view video coding (MVC) software does not contain any rate control technique, this paper proposes a rate control algorithm for MVC based on the quadratic rate-distortion (R-D) model. The proposed algorithm adopts the fluid-flow traffic model, HRD (hypothetical reference decoder) and linear prediction model of MAD (the mean absolute difference). Compared to the multi-view video coding with fixed quantization parameter, the proposed scheme can efficiently control the bit rate with an average rate control error of 0.62% while keeping high coding efficiency.
Introduction (1983)

This is a book about the nature of God. But which God? Since the book is written by a Christian philosopher, it is not surprising that it is concerned with the Christian view of God. It is a discussion of the attributes or properties of God from a Christian perspective.
Structure and function of cardiac ATP-sensitive K+ channels. (1999)

心筋細胞のATP感受性K+ (KATP) チャネルは, 細胞内ATPにより抑制される内向き整流K+チャネルであり, 虚血時に開口して心筋収縮力を抑制すると考えられている.最近このチャネルが, ABO蛋白質の―種のスルフォニルユレア受容体2A (SUR2A) と2回膜貫通型K+チャネルサブユニット (Kir6.2) の複合体である可能性が示唆された.そこでSUR2AとKir6.2をHEKX93T細胞株に共発現し, その特性をパッチクランプ法で検討した.SUR2A/Kir6.2チャネルは, インサイドアウトパッチ構成時に自然開口する弱い内向き整流K+チャネルで, その単一電流コンダクタンスは約80pSであった (細胞外K+=150mM) .細胞内ATPは, Mg2+の存非にかかわらず, 約150μMの1C50で自然開口を抑制した.UDPはランダウン後のチャネルを活性化した.この場合UDPはATPの抑制効果に拮抗しなかったが, ランダウン前に投与されると拮抗作用を示した.K+チャネル開口薬のSUR2A/Kir6.2チャネルに対する親和性は, ピナシジル>ニコランジルであり, ジアゾキサイドはほとんど無効であった.したがって, 心筋型KATPチャネルはSUR2AとKir6.2で構成されると考えてほぼ間違いないと思われた.
Methadone maintenance vs. implantable naltrexone treatment in the pregnant heroin user (2003)

Maternal heroin use during pregnancy is associated with significant risks to both mother and neonate, including decreased neonatal birth weight and increased neonatal mortality [1]. To date, methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) has been the treatment of choice for the pregnant heroin user [1,2]. Naltrexone implant treatment (NIT) has also undergone a trial as a management strategy with pregnant heroin users [3]. This brief communication reports obstetric and neonatal outcomes of 17 pregnant women who were managed with NIT (16 who conceived while on implant treatment) compared with 90 women who were managed with MMT. Obstetric and neonatal outcomes for the two groups were compared with each other and separately to national norms in Australia. Mean (±S.D.) gestation age associated with NIT [38.6 weeks (±1.55)] was not significantly different from that observed with MMT [38 weeks (±2.1)]. There were, however, significantly more deliveries of <37 weeks of gestation amongst MMT compared with national data. In contrast, the proportion of deliveries <37 weeks of gestation for NIT-managed women did not differ significantly from national data (Table 1). The mean (±S.D.) birth weight for infants whose mothers were managed by MMT (2888±533 g) and NIT (3037±428 g) were not significantly different. There were, however, significantly more neonates born of low birth weight in the MMT group compared with national data. In contrast, the proportion of neonates born of low birth weight amongst NIT-managed women did not differ significantly from the national mean (Table 1). The mean (±S.D.) APGAR score at 1 min for NIT-managed patients (9±0) was significantly better than that of their MMT counterparts (7.9±1.54). Five-minute APGAR scores for the NIT (9.17±0.39) and MMT (8.97±0.8) groups were not significantly different. The variance in infant APGAR score at both 1 and 5 min amongst MMT-managed women was also statically greater when compared with infants whose mothers were treated with NIT. This reflects consistently better postnatal adjustment for neonates born to NIT women. Exposure to low dose naltrexone delivered via implant treatment throughout much of the pregnancy was not associated with apparent negative outcomes for either mother or neonate. This result is similar to those previously reported for pregnant heroin-dependent women managed by oral and NIT [3,4]. The authors conclude that NIT may offer an alternative and more beneficial method of management than MMT for the pregnant heroin-dependent patient who finds it difficult to shift away from dependent heroin use patterns.
Selective dopamine D4 receptor agonist (A-412997) improves cognitive performance and stimulates motor activity without influencing reward-related behaviour in rat (2008)

Current therapies for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder comprise psychostimulants, which block the dopamine transporter and/or stimulate the release of dopamine, leading to a global elevation in extrasynaptic dopamine. These drugs are, however, associated with a series of unwanted side effects such as insomnia, anorexia, headache, stomach problems and potential drug abuse. Recent evidence suggests that the dopamine D4 receptor may represent a selective dopamine target that could mediate cognitive as well as striatal motor processes. In this study we compare the effects of a selective D4 receptor agonist, A-412997, with methylphenidate or amphetamine in preclinical models of efficacy versus abuse liability. Both methylphenidate and A-412997 improved a temporally induced deficit in the rat novel object recognition task at doses 10-fold lower than those stimulating activity. In both cases, procognitive doses were associated with elevated extracellular levels of dopamine and acetylcholine in the medial prefrontal cortex. In contrast to amphetamine, A-412997 did not mediate reward-related behaviour in the conditioned place preference paradigm, a preclinical rodent test used to assess potential abuse liability. Collectively, these data suggest that selective activation of the D4 receptor may represent a target for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder without the potential drug abuse liability associated with current psychostimulant therapies.
Electronic banking goes to market (1988)

Online transaction systems, already menacing automatic teller machines, are bringing a cashless society closer by infiltrating stores, restaurants and gas stations. POS debit systems enable people to acquire cash at any of these outlets. These POS systems connect three businesses: the retailer, a switching company through which the transaction is routed, and the bank. Retailers are buying, installing and maintaining their own POS systems without looking to the banks for subsidies. The current arrangements over operating expenses are closely guarded secrets, but observers agree that POS fees are lower than those charged on ATM networks. Retailers are not going to want to pay large fees on what they consider merely a substitute for cash and checks.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Review article: Micrometastasis in colorectal carcinoma: A review (1998)

Lymph node metastasis is the most important predictor of prognosis, after surgery, in colorectal carcinoma. The term "micrometastasis" has evolved from a morphological definition to one that is used with molecular-based techniques. We review the literature to evaluate the significance of detecting micrometastases in colorectal carcinoma, either by morphological or molecular techniques, and address technical difficulties encountered with both. Routine use of immunohistochemistry is not recommended as most studies show little change in staging or prognosis. Radioimmunoguided surgery may prove beneficial, but problems of false positives in benign diseases need to be addressed. Immunohistochemical detection of micrometastatic deposits in bone marrow aspirates holds the most promise for clinical practice. Molecular techniques are more sensitive than immunohistochemistry, but prognostic value needs to be determined. Molecular diagnostics can also determine genetic alterations and mutations that should improve our understanding of metastatic colon cancer and staging accuracy.
How Good Are Hand Washing Practices? (1974)

Observations of hand washing by nursing personnel in medical-surgical units show that this supposedly essential activity is not only infrequently performed but is not performed well. © Lippincott-Raven Publishers.
Induction of Central Deletional T Cell Tolerance by Gene Therapy (2002)

Transgenic mice expressing an alloreactive TCR specific for the MHC class I Ag K(b) were used to examine the mechanism by which genetic engineering of bone marrow induces T cell tolerance. Reconstitution of lethally irradiated mice with bone marrow infected with retroviruses carrying the MHC class I gene H-2K(b) resulted in lifelong expression of K(b) on bone marrow-derived cells. While CD8 T cells expressing the transgenic TCR developed in control mice reconstituted with mock-transduced bone marrow, CD8 T cells expressing the transgenic TCR failed to develop in mice reconstituted with H-2K(b) transduced bone marrow. Analysis of transgene-expressing CD8 T cells in the thymus and periphery of reconstituted mice revealed that CD8 T cells expressing the transgenic TCR underwent negative selection in the thymus of mice reconstituted with K(b) transduced bone marrow. Negative selection induced by gene therapy resulted in tolerance to K(b). Thus, genetic engineering of bone marrow can be used to alter T cell education in the thymus by inducing negative selection.