gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeting of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2, VPAC2, a secretin family G-protein coupled receptor, to primary cilia (2013)

Primary cilia protrude from the cell surface of many cell types in the human body and function as cellular antennae via ciliary membrane localized receptors. Neurons and glial cells in the brain possess primary cilia, and the malfunction of primary cilia may contribute to neurological deficits present in many cilia-associated disorders. Several rhodopsin family G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are specifically localized to a subset of neuronal primary cilia. However, whether other family GPCRs target to neuronal cilia and whether glial primary cilia harbor any GPCRs are not known. We conducted a screening of GPCRs to determine their ability to target to primary cilia, and identified a secretin family member, Vasoactive Intestinal Receptor 2 (VPAC2), as a novel ciliary GPCR. Here, we show that endogenous VPAC2 targets to primary cilia in various brain regions, including the suprachiasmatic nuclei and the thalamus. Surprisingly, VPAC2 not only localizes to neuronal cilia but also to glial cilia. In addition, we show that VPAC2's C-terminus is both necessary and sufficient for its ciliary targeting and we define a novel ciliary targeting signal: the tetrapeptide RDYR motif in the C-terminus of VPAC2. Furthermore, we demonstrate that VPAC2 ciliary targeting is dependent on Tubby, the BBSome (a complex of Bardet-Biedl syndrome proteins) and the BBSome targeting factor, Arl6.
Solutions of Metals in Amine Solvents. IV. The Effect of Temperature on the Conductance of Lithium in Methylamine<sup>1,2</sup> (1960)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolutions of Metals in Amine Solvents. IV. The Effect of Temperature on the Conductance of Lithium in Methylamine1,2Armand J. Panson and E. Charles EversCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1960, 82, 17, 4468–4471Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1960https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01502a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01502a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views31Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
On the static conductivity of a heavily doped semiconductor (1979)

Abstract It is shown that the static conductivity of a heavily doped semiconductor may be obtained in terms of a transport relaxation time. Not only the term of Born's approximation is regained in the framework of the assumptions made but as well the terms associated with the scattering by two impurities are taken into account. The relevant correction to the static conductivity is calculated.
Facile transformation of β-<scp>D</scp>-ribofuranosyl purines and pyrimidines into their respective 3′-deoxy-threo-pentofuranosyl nucleosides (1989)

Practical syntheses of 3′-deoxy-β-D-threo-pentofuranosyl-uracil, -cytosine, -adenine, and -guanine (3U, C, A, G) from the corresponding ribonucleosides by two one-pot reactions with readily accessible reagents are described. The key reactions are the selective 3′-O-methanesulphonylations of the ribonucleosides, the deoxygenative [1,2]-hydride shift of the methanesulphonates, and the reduction of in situ generated 3′-deoxy-2′-keto nucleosides therefrom.
Three Cases of Autoimmune Pancreatitis (2004)

Autoimmune pancreatitis is a distinct entity with characteristic histologic, morphologic, and clinical features. It may be isolated or associated with Sjogren syndrome, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, or other immune-mediated disorders. Recent studies have reported the profiles of autoantibodies in autoimmune pancreatitis. Also a number of reports on single cases or small series of cases have been published. We report three cases of autoimmune pancreatitis; one case was associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis, which was misdiagnosed as pancreatic cancer; the other two cases were improved with steroid therapy.
Atta: Automatic Time-Span Tree Analyzer Based On Extended Gttm. (2005)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Statistical models for topic identification using phoneme substrings (2002)

Phoneme substrings that are recurrent within training data are detected and logged using dynamic programming procedures. The resulting keystrings (cluster centroids) are awarded a usefulness rating based on smoothed occurrence probabilities in wanted and unwanted data. The rankings of the keystrings by usefulness measured on training, development test and final test data for three language-pairs from the OGI multi-language corpus are highly consistent, showing that language-specific features are being found. Statistical measures of local association also suggest that keystring occurrences can be correlated in a manner similar to that of keywords for a particular topic. With improved recognition accuracy it should be possible to exploit this information in order to enhance performance in topic identification.
Optical Zeeman Spectroscopy of Ytterbium Monofluoride, YbF (2009)

The Zeeman-induced shifts and splittings of low-J lines in the (O)P(12) branch of the (0,0) band of the A(2)Pi(1/2)-X(2)Sigma(+) electronic transition of a cold molecular beam sample of ytterbium monofluoride, YbF, have been recorded. The Zeeman spectra for the (171)YbF, (172)YbF, and (174)YbF isotopologues have been analyzed using a standard effective Hamiltonian approach. The magnetic g-factors determined for the A(2)Pi(1/2)(v = 0) state are rationalized using the predicted and observed electronic state distribution. The observed Zeeman tuning of the levels in the A(2)Pi(1/2)(v = 0) state is unexpectedly large; this is caused by mixing with the B(2)Sigma(+) state.
Internal strains in kink bands in silver chloride crystals (1962)

Abstract The characteristic birefringence pattern of kink bands in AgCl crystals is described and the internal (elastic) strains are calculated from photoelastic measurements. A kink band model is presented which takes into account second-order elastic strains and core effects associated with tilt-wall arrays of edge dislocations. Dislocation pinning at a kink band is discussed in terms of interactions between dislocations of primary and secondary glide systems.
A method for the design of a class of optimum marine propulsors (1989)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 1989.
Self-aggregation of synthetic zinc 3-hydroxymethyl-chlorophyll-<i>a</i> derivatives possessing electron-withdrawing groups at the 20-position in aqueous micelle solution (2021)

Zinc methyl 3-hydroxymethyl-pyropheophorbides-[Formula: see text] bearing an acetyl or nitro group at the 20-position were prepared by chemically modifying natural chlorophyll-[Formula: see text]. The synthetic zinc 20-substituted bacteriochlorophyll-[Formula: see text] analogs self-aggregated in an aqueous Triton X-100 micelle solution to give red-shifted and broadened electronic absorption bands, similarly as in one of the photosynthetic light-harvesting antennas, chlorosomes. Although the sterically bulky 20-substituents of the semisynthetic zinc 3 1 -hydroxy-13 1 -oxo-chlorins partially disturbed the chlorosomal self-aggregates which would be produced by the [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] stacking of the chlorin chromophores, their electron-withdrawing abilities should enhance the specific, intermolecular interaction of Zn[Formula: see text]O3 2 –H[Formula: see text]O=C-13 which was essential for the chlorosomal self-aggregation. Such self-assemblies using these model pigments would provide a new clue for constructing of artificial photosynthetic systems.
The Relative Rate and Isomer Distribution in the Acetylation of Benzene and Toluene in Ethylene Dichloride under the Influence of Aluminum Chloride<sup>1,2</sup> (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Relative Rate and Isomer Distribution in the Acetylation of Benzene and Toluene in Ethylene Dichloride under the Influence of Aluminum Chloride1,2Herbert C. Brown, Gianlorenzo Marino, and Leon M. StockCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1959, 81, 13, 3310–3314Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01522a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01522a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views231Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Screening for L-arabinose fermenting yeasts. (1996)

Utilization of pentose sugars (D-xylose and L-arabinose) derived from hemicellulose is essential for the economic conversion of biomass to ethanol. Xylose-fermenting yeasts were discovered in the 1980s, but to date, no yeasts have been found that ferment L-arabinose to ethanol in significant quantities. We have screened 116 different yeasts for the ability to ferment L-arabinose and have found the following species able to ferment the sugar: Candida auringiensis, Candida succiphila, Ambrosiozyma monospora, and Candida sp. (YB-2248). Though these yeasts produced ethanol concentrations of 4.1 g/L or less, they are potential candidates for mutational enhancement of L-arabinose fermentation. These yeasts were also found to ferment D-xylose.
Influence of reflections on the operation of the 2 MW, CW 170 GHz coaxial cavity gyrotron for ITER (2003)

The influence of reflections on the operation of the 2 MW, CW 170 GHz coaxial cavity gyrotron oscillating in the mode is studied. In particular, frequency-independent power reflections, e.g. from plasma or some elements of the transmission line, larger than 1% and occurring in a poor phase may lead to oscillation breakdown and should be avoided. Frequency-dependent reflections from a specially designed diamond window influence mode competition, but contract the oscillation region of the operating mode noticeably only under the unrealistic assumption that all reflected power returns to the cavity. The conclusion is that the gyrotron is sufficiently robust against possible negative effects related to reflections.
Pillar[5]arene as a Co-Factor in Templating Rotaxane Formation (2013)

After the manner in which coenzymes often participate in the binding of substrates in the active sites of enzymes, pillar[5]arene, a macrocycle containing five hydroquinone rings linked through their para positions by methylene bridges, modifies the binding properties of cucurbit[6]uril, such that the latter templates azide-alkyne cycloadditions that do not occur in the presence of only the cucurbit[6]uril, a macrocycle composed of six glycoluril residues doubly linked through their nitrogen atoms to each other by methylene groups. Here, we describe how a combination of pillar[5]arene and cucurbit[6]uril interacts cooperatively with bipyridinium dications substituted on their nitrogen atoms with 2-azidoethyl- to 5-azidopentyl moieties to afford, as a result of orthogonal templation, two [4]rotaxanes and one [5]rotaxane in >90% yields inside 2 h at 55 °C in acetonitrile. Since the hydroxyl groups on pillar[5]arene and the carbonyl groups on cucurbit[6]uril form hydrogen bonds readily, these two macrocycles work together in a cooperative fashion to the extent that the four conformational isomers of pillar[5]arene can be trapped on the dumbbell components of the [4]rotaxanes. In the case of the [5]rotaxane, it is possible to isolate a compound containing two pillar[5]arene rings with local C5 symmetries. In addition to fixing the stereochemistries of the pillar[5]arene rings, the regiochemistries associated with the 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions have been extended in their constitutional scope. Under mild conditions, orthogonal recognition motifs have been shown to lead to templation with positive cooperativity that is fast and all but quantitative, as well as being green and efficient.
Percutaneous Balloon Angioplasty of Superior Mesenteric Artery Stenosis in an Adolescent (2005)

Percutaneous Balloon Angioplasty of Superior Mesenteric Artery Stenosis in an AdolescentDagmar Honnef1, Gundula Staatz1, Andreas H. Mahnken1, Urte Hannig2 and Rolf W. Günther1Audio Available | Share
A thermodynamic study of polycrystalline tin dioxide sensors and antimony doped devices in the presence of combustible gases (1996)

A previous paper described preliminary results obtained by simultaneously monitoring changes in tin dioxide sensor resistance and temperature upon exposure to various reducing gas mixtures. Sensors were prepared by coating a small diameter platinum wire spiral with a sintered polycrystalline tin dioxide based bead to which an additional surface contact wire was attached enabling the semiconductor resistance to be measured. Changes in sensor temperature were monitored by incorporating the sensor coil into a conventional resistance bridge circuit. When the sensors were operated under oxygen depleted conditions, the introduction of reducing gases such as CO or H{sub 2} gave rise to considerable increases in resistance response of up to 4 orders of magnitude and this was matched by a significant cooling of the SnO{sub 2} bead. This is in direct contrast to sensor behavior in air where the presence of these reducing gases leads to a measurable increase in bead temperature and moderate changes in SnO{sub 2} resistance.
Practicability of protontherapy using compact laser systems (2004)

Protontherapy is a well-established approach to treat cancer due to the favorable ballistic properties of proton beams. Nevertheless, this treatment is today only possible with large scale accelerator facilities which are very difficult to install at existing hospitals. In this article we report on a new approach for proton acceleration up to energies within the therapeutic window between 60 and 200 MeV by using modern, high intensity and compact laser systems. By focusing such laser beams onto thin foils we obtained on target intensities of 6 x 10(19) W/cm2, which is sufficient to produce a well-collimated proton beam with an energy of up to 10 MeV. These results are in agreement with numerical simulations and indicate that proton energies within the therapeutic window should be obtained in the very near future using such economical and very compact laser systems. Hence, this approach could revolutionize cancer treatment by bringing the "lab to the hospital-rather than the hospital to the lab".
Optimal Steady-State Temperature Field in an Experimental Annealing Furnace (2016)

The computation of an optimal steady-state operating point in an experimental annealing furnace is considered. In particular, the optimum spatial distribution of electric power supplied to IR-lamps is computed to ensure the temperature uniformity in the specimen fillet. A control-oriented reduced-order model of the steady-state 2D temperature distribution is derived and compared with the full-order model. Saturation functions are used to consider input constraints in a tailored optimization problem. The evaluation of the optimal control input is carried out with the full-order model. Uniqueness of the solution of the optimization problem is investigated numerically. The temperature field in the specimen fillet deviates less than 0.4% of the setpoint value if sufficient heating power is available.
Assessment of Sagittal Plane Segmental Motion in the Lumbar Spine (1998)

Measurement precision of distortion-compensated Roentgen analysis is slightly inferior to that of Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis but substantially higher than that of conventional protocols assessing lumbar segmental motion. If measurement precision is considered adequate and if a noninvasive technique is indicated, distortion-compensated Roentgen analysis can be used to provide reliable motion data required for epidemiologic and clinical studies.
Bile acid transport and regulating functions in the human biliary epithelium (2001)

Whether bile acids regulate biliary epithelial cell (BEC) secretory functions in human is poorly known. The purpose of the study was to determine if human gallbladder-derived BEC exhibit bile acid transport activity that affect their secretory functions and to evaluate the influence of bile acid hydrophobicity in this response by comparing the effects of tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) and of taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC). Expression of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) and of the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP-A) was detected and associated with sodium-dependent and sodium-independent [(3)H]taurocholate uptake in BEC. Sodium-dependent uptake (K(m), 66 +/- 2.5 micromol/L; Vmax, 39.4 +/- 4.6 pmol/mg protein/min) was significantly higher than sodium-independent uptake. TCDC stimulated Cl(-) efflux and mucin secretion in cultured cells, and both effects were sodium-dependent. Both TCDC and TUDC were efficiently transported in BEC, as assessed by competitive uptake experiments. However, as compared with TCDC, TUDC induced significantly lower mucin secretion whereas there was no significant difference between TCDC- and TUDC-induced chloride efflux. Protein kinase C down-regulation caused a 70% reduction in TUDC-induced mucin secretion, but did not affect TCDC-induced secretion, which was mediated predominantly by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II activation. These results provide evidence that bile acids may be transported mainly via ASBT in human gallbladder BEC and stimulate hydroelectrolytic and mucin secretion in these cells. Individual bile acids activate different signaling pathways leading to a different balance between mucin and chloride secretion. The differential effect of TUDC may cause a reduction in bile inspissation and provide a benefit in biliary disorders.
Novel ruthenium nitrosyl complexes formed by nitrosating the tris(violurato)- and tris(1,3-dimethylviolurato)-ruthenate(II) anions (1977)

The salt Na2[Ru(NO)(NO2)4(OH)] reacts with barbituric acid in water to give Na[Ru(H2va)3](H2va–= bidentate violurate), and with 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid to give Na[Ru(dmva)3](dmva–= bidentate 1,3-dimethylviolurate). The complexes react with Na[NO2] in acidic aqueous solutions to afford a series of novel diamagnetic nitrosylruthenium complexes of the general type cis-[Ru(L–L)2(NO)X](L–L = bidentate H2va– or dmva–; X–= Cl–, Br–, or unidentate H2va– or dmva–). In water, acetomtrile, or dimethyl sulphoxide. the complexes cis-[Ru(L–;L)3(NO)] release the co-ordinated nitrosyl lirgand owing to the intramolecular transformation: cis-[Ru(L–L)2(NO)(unidentate L–L)]→[Ru(L–L)2(bidentate L–L)]–+[NO]+. On the basis of the i.r. and 1H n.m.r. spectra, the most probable structures of the complexes are given and the high electrophilicity of co-ordinated NO is shown to result from the strong π-backbonding properties of the bidentate violurate ligands.
Collisional redistribution of vibrational energy in CO2-laser-excited benzene (1981)

We have monitored changes in the population of benzene vibrational levels during and after irradiation with an intense CO2-laser pulse. Our method was to induce fluorescence from the first excited singlet state (1B2u) by absorption of tunable ultraviolet radiation. By varying the delay time between the infrared and ultraviolet pulses and by employing ultraviolet frequencies within many bands of the 1A1g–1B2u system, we measured the temporal evolution of the vibrational energy distribution over 12 benzene levels. We also used the technique to assign bands of the ultraviolet absorption spectrum that involve vibrational levels pumped by the infrared laser.
High-performance Ultra Violet 4H-SiC Avalanche Photodiode detectors (2007)

4H-SiC avalanche photodiodes are studied in both linear and Geiger mode. Single photon detection efficiency of 14% is reported in Geiger mode.
Computer-supported collaborative learning of mathematical problem solving and problem posing (2000)

sponsorship: Afdeling Didactiek.