gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of anticoagulant therapy started pre-operatively in preventing coronary vein graft occlusion (1992)

Oral anticoagulant therapy with warfarin commenced pre-operatively (n = 102) to prevent coronary artery vein graft occlusions was compared in terms of efficacy and safety with dipyridamole and aspirin (n = 130) in a randomized consecutive series of patients. Anticoagulant therapy was started at least 2 weeks before coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and antiplatelet therapy was started at least 3 days before CABG with dipyridamole followed by a combination of 250 mg aspirin once a day via a nasogastric tube 6 h after CABG. Overall, vein graft patency at 3 months after surgery did not differ significantly between the anticoagulant group (203/275, 74%) and dipyridamole-aspirin group (238/311, 77%), but the occlusion rate for grafts with endarterectomy was higher in the anticoagulant (46%) than in the dipyridamole and aspirin group (16%), (P less than 0.05). The rate of peri-operative complications including deaths, re-operation and myocardial infarction was higher in the anticoagulant than antiplatelet group (26.5% vs 13.8%, P less than 0.05). The occurrence of postoperative bleeding complications did not differ significantly between the groups. Thus, oral anticoagulant therapy commenced pre-operatively has no advantages over conventional antiplatelet therapy in patients who undergo CABG. Neither antithrombotic regimens proved to be satisfactory for preventing acute bypass vein graft occlusions in this patient population with advanced coronary artery disease.
Interventional nerve visualization via the intrinsic anisotropic optical properties of the nerves (2015)

We present an optical concept to visualize nerves during surgical interventions. The concept relies on the anisotropic optical properties of the nerves which allows for specific switching of the optical reflection by the nervous tissue. Using a low magnification polarized imaging system we are able to visualize the on and off switching of the optical reflection of the nervous tissue, enabling a non-invasive nerve specific real-time nerve visualization during surgery.
Transcriptome analysis of distinct mouse strains reveals kinesin light chain-1 splicing as an amyloid-β accumulation modifier (2014)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ). The genes that govern this process, however, have remained elusive. To this end, we combined distinct mouse strains with transcriptomics to directly identify disease-relevant genes. We show that AD model mice (APP-Tg) with DBA/2 genetic backgrounds have significantly lower levels of Aβ accumulation compared with SJL and C57BL/6 mice. We then applied brain transcriptomics to reveal the genes in DBA/2 that suppress Aβ accumulation. To avoid detecting secondarily affected genes by Aβ, we used non-Tg mice in the absence of Aβ pathology and selected candidate genes differently expressed in DBA/2 mice. Additional transcriptome analysis of APP-Tg mice with mixed genetic backgrounds revealed kinesin light chain-1 (Klc1) as an Aβ modifier, indicating a role for intracellular trafficking in Aβ accumulation. Aβ levels correlated with the expression levels of Klc1 splice variant E and the genotype of Klc1 in these APP-Tg mice. In humans, the expression levels of KLC1 variant E in brain and lymphocyte were significantly higher in AD patients compared with unaffected individuals. Finally, functional analysis using neuroblastoma cells showed that overexpression or knockdown of KLC1 variant E increases or decreases the production of Aβ, respectively. The identification of KLC1 variant E suggests that the dysfunction of intracellular trafficking is a causative factor of Aβ pathology. This unique combination of distinct mouse strains and model mice with transcriptomics is expected to be useful for the study of genetic mechanisms of other complex diseases.
Skattebol-type rearrangement of lithium carbenoids at low temperatures (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSkattebol-type rearrangement of lithium carbenoids at low temperaturesPhilip M. Warner and Robert D. HeroldCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 26, 5411–5412Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00174a067https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00174a067research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views136Altmetric-Citations19LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Successful pancreatectomy with en-bloc resection of the celiac artery and portal vein for pancreatic endocrine carcinoma. (2007)

Invasion to the celiac axis and portal vein is one reason for the unresectability of pancreatic carcinoma of the body and tail. Some authors advocate a radical distal pancreatectomy with en-bloc resection of the celiac artery and portal vein. However, long-term survival is still rare. We report here on a very rare, long-term survivor of a locally-advanced endocrine carcinoma of the body of the pancreas that was treated by distal pancreatectomy with en-bloc resection of the celiac artery and portal vein. The patient recovered well postoperatively, and has survived for 55 months without evidence of recurrence. The experience gained in the present case suggests that radical pancreatectomy with en-bloc resection of the celiac artery and portal vein is a potential approach that might increase tumor resectability and improve the prognosis of patients with locally-advanced endocrine carcinomas of the pancreas.
ChemInform Abstract: Sex Pheromone of the Pine Sawfly, Macrodiprion nemoralis. Stereoselective Synthesis of the Sixteen Stereoisomers of 3,7,9‐Trimethyl‐2‐tridecyl Acetate. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Behavioral inhibition in rats: a model to examine mechanisms underlying the risk to develop anxiety and depression (2010)

Behavioral inhibition (BI) is an adaptive defensive response to threat that has been evolutionarily conserved. Extreme BI in childhood is a temperamental disposition for the development of psychopathology. Our goal was to develop a rodent model of BI that is elicited by predator exposure. The ferret exposure test consists of placing a rat in a housing cage in the ferret colony room for 15 min and rating behavior for BI. We show that predator‐induced BI is stable across development when measured in rats (n = 37) in adolescence and again in adulthood (r = 0.475, p < 0.01). BI is reduced by the anxiolytic diazepam (1 mg/kg, 30 min pretreatment; n = 8/group; p < 0.05), and BI is associated with heightened paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and CA3 activity as measured by expression of the immediate early gene homer1a (r = 0.379, p < 0.05; r = 0.309, p < 0.05 respectively). Finally, we show that rats with high levels of BI display disruptions in appetitive behavior as a consequence of prior threat exposure compared to rats with low levels of BI (p < 0.001, n = 7 and 8). Taken together, these findings show that rodent BI is a stable, trait‐like characteristic that is associated with maladaptive responding. This model can be useful in identifying the molecular underpinnings for the childhood risk to develop psychiatric illness. This work was supported by NIH grant MH43454, Meriter Hospital and UW HealthEmotions Research Institute.
A Script Independent Technique for Extraction of Characters from Handwritten Word Images (2010)

A script independent character segmentation from word images technique has been reported here. Word to character segmentation is an important preprocessing step of optical character recognition process. But in case of handwritten text, presence of touching characters decreases the accuracy of the technique of the segmentation of the characters from the word. In this paper, segmentation of handwritten word of four different scripts namely, Bangla, Devanagri, Gurmukhi and Syloti are considered as the test samples. All these scripts are characterized by the presence of a distinct line along the top of the most of the characters forming the words, called the headline or Matra. Unlike English script, the characters of these handwritten scripts and its components often encircle the main character, making the conventional segmentation methodologies inapplicable. For the segmentation technique two fuzzy features, to identify the Matra region and potential segmentation point, are used here. Experimental results, using the proposed segmentation technique, on sample of 400 handwritten word images containing all the above mentioned scripts of Bangla, Devanagri, Gurmukhi and Syloti show a success rate of 95.41%, 93.61%, 91.23% and 92.37% respectively.
A very short peptide makes a voltage‐dependent ion channel: The critical length of the channel domain of colicin E1 (1986)

Cleavage of colicin E1 molecules with a variety of proteases or with cyanogen bromide (CNBr) generates COOH-terminal fragments which have channel-forming activity similar to that of intact colicin in planar lipid bilayer membranes. The smallest channel-forming fragment obtained by CNBr cleavage of the wild-type molecule consists of the C-terminal 152 amino acids. By the use of oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, we have made nine mutants along this 152 amino acid peptide, in which an amino acid was replaced by methionine in order to create a new CNBr cleavage site. The smallest of the CNBr-cleaved C-terminal fragments with channel-forming activity, in planar bilayer membranes, was generated by cleavage at new Met position 428 and has 94 amino acids, whereas a 75 amino acid peptide produced by cleavage of a new Met at position 447 did not have channel activity. The NH2-terminus of the channel-forming domain of colicin E1 appears therefore to lie between residues 428 and 447. Since, however, the last six C-terminal residues of the colicin can be removed without changing activity, the number of amino acids necessary to form the channel is 88 or less. In addition, the unique Cys residue in colicin E1 was replaced by Gly, and nine mutants were then made with Cys placed at sequential locations along the peptide for eventual use as sulfhydryl attachment sites to determine the local environment of the replaced amino acid. In the course of making 21 mutants, eight charged residues have been replaced by uncharged Met or Cys without changing the biological activity of the intact molecule. It has been proposed previously that the conformation of the colicin E1 channel is a barrel formed from five or six alpha-helices, each having 20 amino acids spanning the membrane and two to four residues making the turn at the boundary of the membrane. Our finding that 88 amino acids can make an active channel, combined with recently reported stoichiometric evidence that the channel is a monomer excludes this model and adds significant constraints which can be used in building a molecular model of the channel.
Artificial neural network for correction of effects of plasticity in equibiaxial residual stress profiles measured by hole drilling (2017)

The hole drilling method is a widely known technique for the determination of non-uniform residual stresses in metallic structures by measuring strain relaxations at the material surface caused through the stress redistribution during drilling of the hole. The integral method is a popular procedure for solving the inverse problem of determining the residual stresses from the measured surface strain. It assumes that the residual stress can be approximated by step-wise constant values, and the material behaves elastically so that the superposition principle can be applied. Required calibration data are obtained from finite element simulations, assuming linear elastic material behavior. That limits the method to the measurement of residual stresses well below the yield strength. There is a lack of research regarding effects caused by residual stresses approaching the yield strength and high through-thickness stress gradients as well as the correction of the resulting errors. However, such high residual stresses are often introduced in various materials by processes such as laser shock peening, for example, to obtain life extension of safety relevant components. The aim of this work is to investigate the limitations of the hole drilling method related to the effects of plasticity and to develop an applicable and efficient method for stress correction, capable of covering a wide range of stress levels. For this reason, an axisymmetric model was used for simulating the hole drilling process in ABAQUS involving plasticity. Afterward, the integral method was applied to the relaxation strain data for determining the equibiaxial stress field. An artificial neural network has been used for solving the inverse problem of stress profile correction. Finally, AA2024-T3 specimens were laser peened and the measured stress fields were corrected by means of the trained network. To quantify the stress overestimation in the hole drilling measurement, an error evaluation has been conducted.
Mitral valve prolapse: a review of the syndrome with emphasis on current antibiotic prophylaxis. (1991)

Mitral valve prolapse syndrome (MVPS) is the name given to the heart valve abnormality described by Barlow over two decades ago. This condition is of particular importance to the dentist as these patients are thought to be at risk of developing infective endocarditis with routine dental procedures which may cause gingival bleeding. This paper is an updated version of an article that originally appeared in the University of Toronto Dental Journal in 1990. In 1984, guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis were provided by the American Heart Association (AHA). More current prophylactic regimens are also presented, with emphasis on the current recommendations of the AHA, recently published in December of 1990.
Clinical and metabolic studies in children of diabetic-mothers. (1976)

Children of diabetic mothers are a high-risk group. The perinatal mortality and the malformation frequency of the newborns as well as the psychosomatic, somatic and speech development during childhood until the age of 15 were statistically significantly influenced by quality of metabolic compensation, toxaemia and urinary tract infections during pregnancy. To evaluate the diabetogenic risk in children of diabetic mothers metabolic follow-up studies were performed. A statistically significant insulin-high-response without disturbed carbohydrate tolerance was seen in 25% after intravenous glucose infusion and in 28% after oral glucose load. 17% exhibited a paradoxical growth hormone reaction, while the intravenous glucose tolerance and the insulin secretion was in the normal range. Both symptoms could be early diabetic signs in children of diabetic mothers. The oGTT had pathological results in 18% and the glucose infusion test in 8%.
Laguerre-Type Exponentials, and the Relevant 𝐿-Circular and 𝐿-Hyperbolic Functions (2003)

Abstract Some classes of entire functions which are eigenfunctions of generalizations of the Laguerre derivative operator are considered. Since this property is an analog of the one characterizing the exponential function, we refer to such functions as Laguerre-type exponentials, or shortly 𝐿-exponentials. The definition of 𝐿-circular and 𝐿-hyperbolic functions easily follows. Applications in the framework of generalized evolution problems are also mentioned.
Non-equilibrium effects in the processing of materials using plasmas (2016)

We have provided experimental evidence that nanoparticles in plasma are heated to temperatures that are significantly higher than that of the background gas. This result gives experimental confirmation to a number of theoretical/computational studies that predicted this behavior. Moreover, this study has provided with the first measurement of the temperature of nanoparticles in a processing dusty plasma, i.e. under conditions that are relevant for the growth and modification of nanopowders.
On the structure of andrographolide (1951)

Abstract The infrared spectrum of andrographolide shows the presence of a five‐membered unsaturated lactone‐ring and a terminal methylene group in the molecule. On catalytic hydrogenation more than four atoms of hydrogen are taken up. A new diacetyl‐anhydro‐andrographolide is described.
Clustering, factor discovery and optimal transport (2020)

Abstract The clustering problem, and more generally latent factor discovery or latent space inference, is formulated in terms of the Wasserstein barycenter problem from optimal transport. The objective proposed is the maximization of the variability attributable to class, further characterized as the minimization of the variance of the Wasserstein barycenter. Existing theory, which constrains the transport maps to rigid translations, is extended to affine transformations. The resulting non-parametric clustering algorithms include $k$-means as a special case and exhibit more robust performance. A continuous version of these algorithms discovers continuous latent variables and generalizes principal curves. The strength of these algorithms is demonstrated by tests on both artificial and real-world data sets.
Dislogdement of Deposited Dust Layer on Fabric Filter by Normal Stress (1982)

濾布上に集塵捕集した粉塵層に対し, 衝突加速度により捕集面に対して垂直に応力を作用させ, 払い落とし実験を行った.濾布には汎用のテトロン製の織布とカレンダー処理を施したフェルトを用い, JIS8種の関束ローム粉を, 45cm/sの一定風速で集塵した.衝突加速度は落下高さにより変えた.実験は集塵条件 (捕集粉塵量), 払い落とし条件 (衝突加速度) をパラメータとして行った.実験結果を, 払い落とし開始条件, 進行過程, 最終状態の三つの段階に分けて整理し, それぞれ考察を加えた.実験結果から, 払い落とし機構はどの段階においても, 払い落とし力と付着力, という関係だけでは説明できないことが明らかとなった.また, これらの結果と観察事実より, 払い落としにおいては, 粉塵層に対して外からなされる仕事量が重要な役割を果していることを導いた.
[Risk of application of contrast medium in computed tomography (author's transl)]. (1981)

The paper deals with the risk associated with the application of contrast medium in CT. The risk is to be seen in intolerance reactions, such as allergic or circulatory reactions and neurotoxic side-effects. In this paper the problems of renal failure caused by the injection of contrast medium are given special attention. Furthermore an iodine-induced hyperthyreosis might result. Especially the possible disturbance of the kidney function means that contrast medium should not be applied arbitrarily and that the examination should be done only by experienced staff. Furthermore the indication for the application of contrast medium in CT should be strictly qualified.
IL-13Rα1 Expression on β-Cell–Specific T Cells in NOD Mice (2011)

IL-13 may be important for regulating autoimmunity in the early stages of insulitis, and the loss of IL-13Rα1 on islet-reactive T cells may be a biomarker for fading regional immune regulation and progression to overt diabetes.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. VON ROSOXIDEN, CIS‐ UND TRANS‐2‐(2‐METHYL‐1‐PROPENYL‐(1))‐4‐METHYL‐TETRAHYDRO‐PYRAN (1970)

Abstract 2,6‐Dimethyl‐2,3,8‐triacetoxy‐octan (I) liefert bei der Pyrolyse die drei Dienmonoacetate (IIa), (IIIa) und (IV) sowie die beiden Diacetat‐monoolefine (V) und (VI); die Zusammensetzung der Reaktionsgemische wird in Relation zu den Bedingungen diskutiert.
<title>Surface and bulk ultrashort-pulsed laser processing of transparent materials</title> (2000)

Ultrashort pulsed laser ablation of dielectrics has been investigated using ex-situ morphological examinations in combination with in-situ time-of-flight mass spectrometry of the ablated species. Analysis of the energy spectrum of the ablation products provides a wealth of information on the processes occurring during femtosecond laser ablation of materials. The presentation will focus on the case of sapphire (Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>) and discuss the fundamental processes in ultrashort pulsed laser sputtering. Two different ablation phases have been identified, a gentle phase with low ablation rates and a strong etch phase with higher ablation rates, but with limitation in structure quality. A comparison of the energy and momentum distributions of ejected ions, neutrals and electrons allows one to distinguish between non-thermal and thermal processes that lead to the macroscopic material removal. Fast positive ions with equal momenta are resulting from Coulomb explosion of the upper layers at low fluence and low number of irradiating laser pulses (gentle etch phase). Pump-probe studies with fs laser pulses reveal the dynamics of excitation and electron mediated energy transfer to the lattice. At higher laser fluences or after longer incubation, evidence for phase explosion can be derived from both the morphology of the surface and the results of the in-situ experiments.
Forced mode locking of a single-line high-pressure CO laser (1975)

Peak powers in excess of 1 kW and pulsewidths in the nanosecond regime have been measured by forcibly mode locking a high-pressure CO laser operating on single vibrational-rotational transitions. Successful short-pulse operation has been achieved on some 30 lines in the 5.1–5.3-μ wavelength region.
Adaptive neural control of SISO non-affine nonlinear time-delay systems with unknown hysteresis input (2008)

In this paper, adaptive neural control is investigated for a class of SISO unknown non-affine nonlinear systems with state time-varying delays and unknown hysteresis input. The non-affine problem is solved by adopting mean value theorem and implicit function theorem. The unknown time-varying delay uncertainties are compensated for using appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals in the design. The effect of the unknown hysteresis with the Prandtl-Ishlinskii model is also mitigated through the proposed adaptive control. By utilizing the Lyapunov synthesis, the closed-loop control system is proved to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB).
Series-parallel approaches and clamp methods for extreme dynamic response with advanced digital loads (2006)

The series-input parallel-output dc-dc converter combination provides inherent sharing among the converters. With conventional controls, however, this sharing is unstable. Recent literature work proposes complicated feedback loops to correct the problem, at the cost of dynamic performance. This paper shows that a simple sensorless current mode control stabilizes sharing with fast dynamics suitable for advanced digital loads. With this control in place, a "super-matched" current sharing control emerges. Sharing occurs through transients, limited only by the energy limits of the converters. The control approach has considerable promise for high-performance voltage regulator modules. For even faster response, clamping techniques are proposed.