gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Survey on Trust and Reputation Schemes in Ad Hoc Networks (2008)

The dynamic and cooperative nature of ad hoc networks present substantial challenges in securing these networks. There is a natural incentive for nodes to only consume, but not contribute to the services of the system. Intentional misbehavior can aim at an advantage for the misbehaving node or just constitute vandalism, such as enabling a malicious node to mount an attack or a selfish node to save power. The use of reputation systems in many different areas of IT is increasing because of their widely publicized use in online auctions and product reviews. Reputation systems are used to decide who to trust, and to encourage trustworthy behavior. In this paper we introduce the concept, goals, features and architecture of reputation systems and survey the reputation and trust based security schemes that were proposed for ad hoc networks. Finally we conclude this paper.
Error Concealment Technique of Satellite Imagery Transmission through Information Hiding (2007)

Imperfect transmission of satellite imagery results in the loss of image lines. This paper proposes a novel error concealment technique using LSB-based watermarking. We generate block description information and insert it into the LSB bit plane of the image. Missing lines after transmission are restored by extracting this block description information. Simulation results show outstanding performance of the proposed technique.
An electrically trainable artificial neural network (ETANN) with 10240 'floating gate' synapses (1989)

The use of floating-gate nonvolatile memory technology for analog storage of connection strengths, or weights, has previously been proposed and demonstrated. The authors report the analog storage and multiply characteristics of a new floating-gate synapse and further discuss the architecture of a neural network which uses this synapse cell. In the architecture described 8192 synapses are used to interconnect 64 neurons fully and to connect the 64 neurons to each of 64 inputs. Each synapse in the network multiplies a signed analog voltage by a stored weight and generates a differential current proportional to the product. Differential currents are summed on a pair of bit lines and transferred through a sigmoid function, appearing at the neuron output as an analog voltage. Input and output levels are compatible for ease in cascade-connecting these devices into multilayer networks. The width and height of weight-change pulses are calculated. The synapse cell size is 2009 mu m/sup 2/ using 1- mu m CMOS EEPROM technology.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Treatment of urinary infections with tetroxoprim/sulphadiazine (1979)

A clinical trial was done on the properties of a new chemotherapeutic agent, a combination of tetroxoprim (100 mg) plus sulphadiazine (250 mg), as treatment of acute and chronic urinary tract infection. The preparation was compared with a marketed product, co-trimoxazole. The observation period was 6 weeks, including a treatment period of 10 to 14 days. The impression gained from this study, especially when considering urine status, was this new chemotherapeutic agent showed an improved effectiveness over the control treatment. No increase in resistance of organisms to tetroxoprim/sulphadiazine or co-trimoxazole was observed.
The unidirectional equiangular spiral antenna (1959)

Circularly polarized unidirectional radiation, over a bandwidth which is at the discretion of the designer, is obtainable with a single antenna. The antenna is constructed by wrapping balanced equiangular spiral arms on a conical surface. The non-planar structure retains the frequency-independent qualifies of the planar models, and, in addition, provides a single lobe radiation pattern off the apex of the cone. Practical antennas have been constructed with radiation patterns and input impedance essentially constant over bandwidths greater than 12 to 1 and there is no reason to assume that these cannot be readily extended to more than 20 or 30 to 1.
EVALUATION OF MICROBIAL RISK IN SOIL AMENDED WITH ORGANIC FERTILIZERS FROM STABILIZED SWINE MANURE WASTE (2007)

AbstractThis study evaluated microbial risk that could develop within soil microbial communities after amended with organic fertilizers from stabilized swine manure waste. For this purpose, we assessed the occurrences and competitiveness of antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity in soil microbial communities that were amended with swine manure wastes stabilized by a traditional lagoon fermentation process and an autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion process, respectively. According to laboratory cultivation detection analysis, soil applications of the stabilized organic fertilizers resulted in increases in absolute abundances of antibiotic resistant bacteria and of two tested pathogenic bacteria indicators. The increase in occurrences might be due to the overall growth of microbial communities by the supplement of nutrients from the fertilizers. Meanwhile, the soil applications were found to reduce competitiveness for various types of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the soil microbial communities, as indicated by the decrease in relative abundances (of total viable heterotrophic bacteria). However, competitiveness of pathogens in response to the fertilization was pathogens-specific, since the relative abundance of Staphylococcus was decreased by the soil applications, while the relative abundance of Salmonella was increased. Further testes revealed that no MAR (multiple antibiotic resistance) occurrence was detected among cultivated pathogen colonies. These findings suggest that microbial risk in the soil amended with the fertilizers may not be critical to public health. However, because of the increased occurrences of antibiotic resistance and pathogenicity resulted from the overall microbial growth by the nutrient supply from the fertilizers, potential microbial risk could not be completely ruled out in the organic-fertilized soil samples.
The <i>N</i>-Hydroxymethyl Group for Stereoselective Conjugate Addition:  Application to the Synthesis of (−)-Statine (2002)

[reaction: see text] Efficient synthesis of enantiomerically pure (-)-statine was achieved with the stereoselective intramolecular conjugate addition of the hydroxyl group tethered to the amino group of a configurationally stable N-Boc-L-leucinal derivative.
An Optimal Set of Discriminant Vectors (1975)

A new method for the extraction of features in a two-class pattern recognition problem is derived. The main advantage is that the method for selecting features is based entirely upon discrimination or separability as opposed to the more common approach of fitting. The classical example of fitting is the use of the eigenvectors of the lumped covariance matrix corresponding to the largest eigenvalues. In an analogous manner, the new technique selects discriminant vectors (or features) corresponding to the largest "discrim-values." The new method is compared to some of the more popular alternative techniques via both data-dependent and mathematical examples. In addition, a recursive method for obtaining the discriminant vectors is given.
Mirrors of Utopia: Caryl Churchill and Joint Stock (1993)

Two women are looking into a mirror. They wear the clothes of the seventeenth century, the clothes of the poor. The mirror comes from a great house seized by the dispossessed. Its value, for the woman who took it - rather than food or a warm blanket - lies in the fact that a mirror situates you in the material world, granting - literally - self-possession. ‘They must know what they look like all the time. And now we do.’1 Self-creation is a prime activity for the poor and the women in Light Shining in Buckinghamshire, Churchill’s account of the English Civil War and its impact on the ordinary people.2 They choose new identities in relation to the hegemony: Saxons taking back their land from the Norman aristocracy; brothers and sisters with equal rights; fellows in Christ entitled to interpret and proclaim the word of God.
Stability of<i>d‐a</i>‐tocopherol alone, in solvents, and in methyl esters of fatty acids (1957)

Summary The stability of d‐a ‐tocopherol in stable solvents and in methyl esters of fatty acids varied with the stability of the medium and with the concentration of tocopherol. Pure tocopherol was less stable than tocopherol in solvents. The concentrations of tocopherol that were most effective in delaying rapid oxidation of the esters were also best for stability of tocopherol itself. The rate of destruction of tocopherol could not be described by simple kinetics.
A New Scheme for Device Packaging (1985)

A new method for forming low resistivity conductors in a doped polymer film has been used in a novel device packaging scheme. In a first application, the focused output of a laser is used to write silver connections between device bonding pads and package conductors to fabricate a working clock.
Introduction: Japan’s Possible Futures (2016)

The earthquake, tidal wave, and nuclear meltdown in 2011 brought enormous loss of life and destruction to a Japan already grappling with recession, demographic dilemmas, and challenges from China. Could the country rally, recover economic vitality, and face the future confidently or was the natural disaster the tipping point to national decline? Although there is no consensus among the authors in this volume--guarded pessimism vies with tentative optimism—they all see Japan’s future as precarious.
Modified Protocols for Internet Key Exchange (IKE) Using Public Encryption and Signature Keys (2011)

IPSec provides a framework of protocols for protecting transmissions over an IP network. This allows the creation of a secure VPN over the existing Internet, with data fully encrypted and secure when transferred between two points. IPSec resides at the network level and can be implemented regardless of applications used, giving remote users full access to their network and to robust data, voice, or video applications. A big advantage of IPsec is that security arrangements can be handled without requiring changes to individual user computers. IPSec defines two protocols, the Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) Protocols to provide authentication or encryption for packets at the IP level. To establish a logical relationship IPSec requires a Security Association between two hosts. For establishing this relation a protocol called Internet Key Exchange was designed. IKE is divided into two phases, phase I and phase II. Phase I creates SAs for phase II. Phase II creates SAs for a data exchange protocol such as IP Sec. In this paper we propose modified protocols for the IKE Phase I.
A Study of the Parameters Associated With Employing Laser Speckle Correlation Fringes to Measure In-Plane Strain (1972)

Basic experimental parameters associated with using laser speckle correlation fringes to measure in-plane strain have been investigated. Equations and inequalities are derived which provide bounding numbers for many of the physical parameters. The feasibility of employing this technique for obtaining in-plane strain data in a microscopic region is shown. This suggests that it may be applicable for studying strain distributions in the vicinity of either a crack or an interference fit fastener.
Beta-Blocker Supplementation of Standard Drug Treatment for Schizophrenia (2010)

Background Many people with schizophrenia or similar severe mental disorders do not achieve a satisfactory treatment response with ordinary antipsychotic drug treatment. In these cases, various add-on medications are used, among them beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists (beta-blockers). Objectives To evaluate the clinical effects of beta-blockers as an adjunct to antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia or similar severe mental disorders. Search strategy Publications in all languages were searched from the following databases: Biological Abstracts (1982-1999), The Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 1998), The Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Register (December 1999), EMBASE (1980-1999), LILACS (1982-1996), MEDLINE (1966-1999) and PsycLIT (1974-1999). Reference sections of included papers were screened. Selection criteria All randomised controlled trials comparing beta-blockers with placebo as an adjunct to conventional antipsychotic medication for those with schizophrenia. Data collection and analysis Studies were selected and then data extracted, independently, by at least two reviewers. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of homogeneous dichotomous data were calculated using the Peto method. A random effects model was used for heterogeneous dichotomous data. Weighted mean differences were calculated for continuous data. Main results Currently the review includes five studies but data are poorly presented and there is no evidence of any effect of beta-blockers as an adjunct to conventional antipsychotic medication. Reviewer's conclusions At present beta-blockers cannot be recommended in the treatment of schizophrenia. Any possible benefit of adjunctive beta-blockers is obscured by poor reporting within included studies. Existing data on beta-blockers as adjunctive medication to antipsychotics for those with schizophrenia should be collected and re-analysed in order to allow confident conclusions about the effect of this treatment or the need for further trials.
Works in Progress (2014)

This book investigates the gap between the plans and the reality of the Soviet Union's mid-20th-century project to industrialize and modernize its agricultural system. Historians agree that the project failed badly: agriculture was inefficient, unpredictable, and environmentally devastating for the entire Soviet period. Yet assigning the blame exclusively to Soviet planners would be off the mark. The real story is much more complicated and interesting, this book reveals. Using case studies from five Soviet regions, it does not only acknowledge hubris and short-sightedness where it occurred, but also gives fair consideration to the difficulties encountered and the successes—however modest—that were achieved.
Mentholated Cigarette Use and Lung Cancer (1995)

This study suggests that there is an increased risk of lung cancer associated with mentholated cigarette use in male smokers but not in female smokers.
The Maize (Zea mays L.) AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID Gene Family: Phylogeny, Synteny, and Unique Root-Type and Tissue-Specific Expression Patterns during Development (2013)

The plant hormone auxin plays a key role in the coordination of many aspects of growth and development. AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID (Aux/IAA) genes encode instable primary auxin responsive regulators of plant development that display a protein structure with four characteristic domains. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis of the 34 members of the maize Aux/IAA gene family was performed. Phylogenetic reconstructions revealed two classes of Aux/IAA proteins that can be distinguished by alterations in their domain III. Seven pairs of paralogous maize Aux/IAA proteins were discovered. Comprehensive root-type and tissue-specific expression profiling revealed unique expression patterns of the diverse members of the gene family. Remarkably, five of seven pairs of paralogous genes displayed highly correlated expression patterns in roots. All but one (ZmIAA23) tested maize Aux/IAA genes were auxin inducible, displaying two types of auxin induction within three hours of treatment. Moreover, 51 of 55 (93%) differential Aux/IAA expression patterns between different root-types followed the expression tendency: crown roots > seminal roots > primary roots > lateral roots. This pattern might imply root-type-specific regulation of Aux/IAA transcript abundance. In summary, the detailed analysis of the maize Aux/IAA gene family provides novel insights in the evolution and developmental regulation and thus the function of these genes in different root-types and tissues.
Production Technology for Strand-Particle Board (SPB) III. (2007)

接着剤にイソシアネート系樹脂（EMDI）を用いた小型のストランド･パーティクルボード（SPB）を製造した。接着剤添加率（3，6％），表層マット含水率（5，10，15，20％），熱圧温度（170，200，230℃）がSPB材質に及ぼす影響を検討した。また，接着剤添加率（10％），表層マット含水率（20％），熱圧温度（170，200，230℃）がSPBのパンクに及ぼす影響を検討した。得られた結果は以下のとおりである。1）熱圧温度230℃，接着剤添加率6％，表層マット含水率15％の条件で最も優れた材質のSPBが得られ，その材質は，ボード密度0.62 g/cm3，はく離強さ0.93 MPa，曲げ強さ43.1 MPa，吸水厚さ膨張率1.9％であった。2）表層マット含水率20％では，製造ボードのすべてで表層ストランド部分にパンクを生じた。3）EMDIとマット中の水分の反応により発生する二酸化炭素が熱圧時のパンクおよびボード材質に影響を及ぼす可能性が考えられた。
Optimising the airflow performance of ventilators for natural ventilation in buildings (2005)

Ventilation is essential if an adequate environment in buildings is to be provided. Natural ventilation is a sustainable method commonly used to achieve this. Natural ventilation can occur from random flow of air through unintentional (adventitious) openings, commonly referred to as infiltration, or can be facilitated through purpose-provided openings - commonly called controlled natural ventilation. Stringent national and international regulations have led to building structures becoming more and more air-tight so that ventilation is confined to airflow through intentionally provided openings only. These purpose-provided openings typically consist of one or a combination of basic components such as louvers, insect-screens or noise baffles. An extensive literature review indicated that the airflow performance of combinations of such components has neither been thoroughly determined nor fully understood, making it difficult to accurately predict their building performance. This investigation set out to answer some of these questions by employing experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) parametric studies. For the experimental study, a test rig was designed and constructed in accordance with European Standard BS EN 13141-1: 2004. The text rig was designed with sufficient flexibility to enable individual components and combinations of various components to be investigated. Components tested ranged from ordinary slots fabricated from pine wood to commercial ventilators and mesh-screens as are commonly found in natural ventilation applications. The results of this investigation indicate that the overall airflow properties of a ventilator are influenced by the combination of constituent components, the manner in which the components are incorporated into a ventilator and also the direction of airflow through it. A CFD study utilising three-dimensional models of some of the components tested during the experimental phase, and employing the k - ? turbulence representation was facilitated by a commercial software package (FLOVENT). Comparisons between CFD results and experimental data were reasonable and acceptable. A new mathematical approach, based up on experimental results, to analyse the airflow properties of combinations of ventilator components is introduced in this thesis. The proposed equations enable relative assessments of the impacts of each component on the overall airflow performance of a ventilator to be made. Comparisons between results from the proposed equations and those obtained experimentally showed good agreement. Although more work could be done to understand the physical meaning of the equations proposed, the author believes that this investigation has set a foundation for a generic representation of ventilator airflow performance. As such, refinements to the proposed equations would inevitably result if further research into this task is undertaken.
A VLSI architecture of the schnorr-enchner decoder for MIMO systems (2004)

The lattice decoder is shown to approach the performance of maximum-likelihood decoder for MIMO wireless systems with low complexity. A VLSI architecture of the K-best Schnorr-Euchner lattice decoder is proposed in this paper. The architecture is optimized on both algorithm and architecture levels, and supports a dynamic range of SNR /spl les/30 dB. Compared to a conventional VLSI implementation of the lattice decoder for MIMO systems, the proposed architecture results in up to 37% computation reductions, 20% area savings and more than 5 times decoding throughput improvements. The proposed architecture is implemented with 0.35 /spl mu/m technology for a system of 4 transmit/receive antennas and 16-QAM modulation. The results show that a decoding throughput of 53.3 Mbits/s can be achieved, and the decoding latency is less than 2.5 /spl mu/s.
Electrically Switched Cesium Ion Exchange (1998)

This report discusses the results of work to develop Electrically Switched Ion Exchange (ESIX) for separations of ions from waste streams relevant to DOE site clean-up. ESIX combines ion exchange and electrochemistry to provide a selective, reversible method for radionuclide separation that lowers costs and minimizes secondary waste generation typically associated with conventional ion exchange. In the ESIX process, an electroactive ion exchange film is deposited onto. a high surface area electrode, and ion uptake and elution are controlled directly by modulating the potential of the film. As a result, the production of secondary waste is minimized, since the large volumes of solution associated with elution, wash, and regeneration cycles typical of standard ion exchange are not needed for the ESIX process. The document is presented in two parts: Part I, the Summary Report, discusses the objectives of the project, describes the ESIX concept and the approach taken, and summarizes the major results; Part II, the Technology Description, provides a technical description of the experimental procedures and in-depth discussions on modeling, case studies, and cost comparisons between ESIX and currently used technologies.
Research Progress on the Effect of Non-Thermal Processing Technologies on Anthocyanin Content in Fruit Juice (2012)

Anthocyanins are an important class of nutrients present in fruit juice which has a vital impact on the quality of fruit juice and human health.Non-thermal processing is uniquely characterized by retaining nutrients in fruit juice and therefore has received extensive attention.This paper reviews the effects of four non-thermal processing including high hydrostatic pressure,pulsed electric field,ultrasonic treatment and irradiation on the stability of anthocyanins in fruit juice.In addition,the mechanism underlying the degradation of anthocyanins during non-thermal processing and its influencing factors are explored for the purpose of providing useful supports for stability control of anthocyanins in fruit juice.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Phenothiazines (1987)

This paper reviews the most recent methods for the synthesis of phenothiazine derivatives.
The Ageing Transport Workforce (2009)

The ageing workforce is currently one the most critical issues facing the Australian transport industry, especially the road freight sector. ABS (2004) reported that 39.8% of workers in the transport and storage industry were mature age workers (i.e. between 45 and 64 years), which was the fifth oldest group among all Australian industries, while on average the share of mature age workers for all industries was 33.1%. There is no sign that this ageing process is slowing down.
The Top Forty (1980)

A list drawn from the published listings from Melbourne radio stations starting on 25th October 1956 to 19th October 1978 is given. It shows the principal items which have reached the top of the Top Forty with the criterion for inclusion being that a piece should have occupied Number One position for at least six weeks.