gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrode Coating With Ultrathin Films Containing Electroactive Molecules for Biosensor Applications (2004)

Redox molecules, i.e., ferrocene (Fc), ferrocene carboxylic acid (Fc-COOH), and 3-3', 5-5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), are good mediators for typical coenzymes of several dehydrogenases. Such mediators were immobilized in monolayers of dipalmitoylphosphatidic acid (DPPA) by means of the cospreading technique at the water-air interface. TMB was found to interact more strongly than Fc and Fc-COOH with the DPPA matrix; moreover, we observed that DPPA/TMB monolayers could be transferred on different solid supports with the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. LB films, containing TMB immobilized by means of cospreading and incubation procedure, were characterized recording UV-Vis absorption spectra. Such investigation evidenced the presence of TMB with different oxidation states. Hybrid films containing the mediators were prepared combining two techniques: LB and self-assembly of octadecylmercaptane and octylmercaptane on gold. The resulting structures were characterized by means of ellipsometry and contact angle measurements. Information on the influence of the multilayer structure on the electrode currents and on the redox activity of the immobilized mediators was obtained by cyclic voltammetry. A significant electrochemical signal was observed for TMB included in LB films. The sets of results independently evidenced that TMB can be quantitatively embedded in the ultrathin films of a lipid matrix maintaining its electroactive behavior.
Signal Transduction of Opioid-induced Cardioprotection in Ischemia-Reperfusion (2001)

Stimulation of delta1-opioid receptors generates oxygen radicals via mitochondrial KATP channels. This signaling pathway attenuates oxidant stress and cell death in cardiomyocytes.
OLYMPIC: A Modular, Tendon-Driven Prosthetic Hand With Novel Finger and Wrist Coupling Mechanisms (2019)

Prosthetic hands, while having shown significant progress in affordability, typically suffer from limited repairability, specifically by the user themselves. Several modular hands have been proposed to address this, but these solutions require handling of intricate components or are unsuitable for prosthetic use due to the large volume and weight resulting from added mechanical complexity to achieve this modularity. In this letter, we propose a fully modular design for a prosthetic hand with finger and wrist level modularity, allowing the removal and attachment of tendondriven fingers without the need for tools, retendoning, and rewiring. Our innovative design enables placement of the motors behind the hand for remote actuation of the tendons, which are contained solely within the fingers. Details of the novel coupling-transmission mechanisms enabling this are presented, and the capabilities of a prototype using a control-independent grasping benchmark are discussed. The modular detachment torque of the fingers is also computed to analyse the trade-off between intentional removal and the ability to withstand external loads. Experiment results demonstrate that the prosthetic hand is able to grasp a wide range of household and food items, of different shape, size, and weight, without resulting in the ejection of fingers, while allowing a user to remove them easily using a single hand.
Proteasomal Regulation of the Hypoxic Response Modulates Aging in <i>C. elegans</i> (2009)

The Caenorhabditis elegans von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor homolog VHL-1 is a cullin E3 ubiquitin ligase that negatively regulates the hypoxic response by promoting ubiquitination and degradation of the hypoxic response transcription factor HIF-1. Here, we report that loss of VHL-1 significantly increased life span and enhanced resistance to polyglutamine and beta-amyloid toxicity. Deletion of HIF-1 was epistatic to VHL-1, indicating that HIF-1 acts downstream of VHL-1 to modulate aging and proteotoxicity. VHL-1 and HIF-1 control longevity by a mechanism distinct from both dietary restriction and insulin-like signaling. These findings define VHL-1 and the hypoxic response as an alternative longevity and protein homeostasis pathway.
Autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (1998)

Cationic germ line gene-encoded anti-DNA antibodies appear to cause inflammatory lesions via deposition and in situ formation of immune complexes, but also perhaps through apoptosis of glomerular mesangial cells. Somatic mutation is not critical for the expression of the electrical net charge of anti-DNA. In one transgenic mouse model, the nephrogenicity of anti-DNA was dependent on the expression of interleukin α by epidermal cells. Anti-P autoantibodies are present in the serum of healthy children but are masked by IgG antibodies. Some anti-P antibodies appear to be a subset of antilymphocyte autoantibodies. It was confirmed that anti-Ro/SS-A antibodies react with structurally unrelated conformational epitopes. The combined results of immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the detection of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody has a 99.5% specificity for vasculitis among patients with connective tissue diseases. Antinucleosome antibodies are highly prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and show an inverse correlation with nucleosome plasma levels. Transfected T-cell receptor α chains specific for nucleosomal autoepitopes from a Th clone that accelerates lupus nephritis, recognized the nucleosomal epitopes presented by antigen presenting cell-bearing I-A molecules, as well as human DR molecules, via the classical major histocompatibility complex class II groove. IgG antibodies against (β2-glycoprotein (GP)-I are significantly associated with thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome, with a specificity and sensitivity that ranges from 85% to 98% and 32% to 54%, respectively. The lupus anticoagulant activity, or the lack of it, of anti-β2-glycoprotein-l appears to reside on the epitope specificity. β2-glycoprotein-l binds to apoptotic cells; in turn, anti-β2-glycoprotein-l facilitate apoptotic cell clearance by macrophages. The recently described anti-A2/RA33 autoantibody appears to recognize an epitope capable of distinguishing patients with lupus or with rheumatoid arthritis from those with mixed connective tissue disease.
Remote Refractive Indices Difference Meter for Salinity Sensor (1988)

Remote refractive indices difference meter was designed and tested for use of salinity sensor. The principle is to measure the difference between the real sea water's indices and the standard water's. It is composed of a semiconductor laser, a partitioned water cell and a solid position detector. The performance of the sensor is also described.
The Effect of a Dry or Liquid Application of Lactobacillus plantarum MTD1 on the Fermentation of Alfalfa Silage (2001)

Alfalfa was wilted to 30 and 54% dry matter and was untreated or treated with Lactobacillus plantarum MTD1 applied either as a liquid or dry inoculant to determine whether form of inoculation affected silage fermentation. In silages with 30% dry matter, both forms of inoculation resulted in silages with more lactic acid and a lower pH than in untreated silage after 2 d of ensiling. In addition, both forms of inoculation resulted in silages with lower concentrations of acetic acid between 8 and 45 d of ensiling than in untreated silage. The ammonia-N content was also lower in silages that had been treated with both forms of inoculation during the early and intermediate stages of ensiling, but not after 45 d of ensiling. In silages containing 54% dry matter, dry and liquid inoculation produced a more rapid decrease in pH from d 4 to 14 when compared with untreated silage, but the effect was greater when the inoculant was applied in water. In contrast to findings from 30% silages, the inoculated silages with 54% dry matter had lower concentrations of ammonia-N than untreated silage from d 8 to 45, and both forms of inoculation were equally effective. The results of this study agree with previous research that shows that microbial inoculation can improve the fermentation of alfalfa silage. However, this report shows that a microbial inoculant was more effective when applied in a liquid- rather than a dry-form to alfalfa with a high DM content.
Kinetics of Sicl4 Oxidation (1978)

The oxidation rate of SiCl 4 was studied at 1100° to 1300°C. The reaction was first order in SiCl 4 and zero order in O 2 up to a 20‐fold excess of O 2 . At higher O 2 concentrations, the reaction becomes first order in oxygen. The activation energy for the reaction was 96 ± 5 kcal/mol which is approximately the CI 3 SiCI bond energy. The reaction SiCl 4 → SiCl 3 + Cl is proposed as the rate‐determining step.
Continuum Percolation of Rods (1985)

We determine the aspect-ratio dependence of the critical percolation threshold for various systems of rods. An exact expansion, due to Coniglio et al., tests the conjecture that the threshold is proportional to the inverse of the expected excluded volume. We confirm the conjecture, and show that the proportionality becomes equality, for isotropic rods in three dimensions, in the slender-rod limit. In this limit, the critical region in which nonclassical exponents are valid vanishes.
Design and implementation of a microgrid controller (2011)

A microgrid control system is required to efficiently monitor and optimally operate a microgrid with Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and storage devices. This control system should provide several functions to be able to reliably and optimally manage the microgrid. A general architecture is proposed comprising of the local and supervisory controllers, communication system, enhanced Human Machine Interface (HMI) and forecasting server. The role of each element of control system is described. The potential integration of the microgrid protection and control systems is discussed. Implementation and performance to date of a control system into a remote, isolated grid is presented.
Disposable Receptor-Based Optical Sensor for Nitrate (2005)

A new optical absorption-based disposable sensor for nitrate is described. The nitrate-sensitive element is a bicyclic cyclophane receptor next to a suitable pH-sensitive lipophilic dye immobilized in a plasticized polymeric membrane. The rigid amide-based receptor with C3 symmetry controls the anion selectivity pattern of the optical element. The optical selectivity coefficients obtained for nitrate over a variety of naturally occurring anions in natural waters meet the requirements for the determination of nitrate in waters. The disposable sensor responds to nitrate rapidly-the typical response time is 5 min-and reversibly over a wide dynamic range (26 microM-63 mM) with sensor-to-sensor reproducibility (relative standard deviation, RSD, 3.68%, as log aNO3-, at the medium level of the range and RSD 1.39% for repeated measurements with the same sensor). The performance of the optical disposable sensor was tested for the analysis of nitrate in different types of natural waters (river, well, spring), validating results against a reference procedure. The proposed method is quick, inexpensive, selective, and sensitive and uses only conventional instrumentation.
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease in identical twins (1984)

A pair of female identical twins exhibited slurred speech, nystagmus, and oculogyral spasms starting at age 11. The patients then had episodic rage, extrapyramidal and lower motor neuron abnormalities, and grand mal seizures, but retained largely normal intelligence, until death at age 21. Severe loss of nigral and craniospinal motor neurons was noted postmortem. Round, eosinophilic, autofluorescent inclusion bodies, 3 to 10 microns in diameter, were observed in the nuclei of most nerve cell types of the central and peripheral nervous systems and retina. Ultrastructurally the inclusions appeared as masses of filaments without a limiting membrane, the constituent filaments having a diameter of 8.5 to 9.5 nm. Histochemical results suggested the presence of proteins with a high content of tryptophan. Four similar cases have been reported previously under various designations. We propose the name neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease for the disorder.
Automatic gain control of transistor amplifiers (1955)

Due to the dependence of transistor small signal parameters on the dc operating point, the gain of a transistor amplifier is function of the emitter current Ie and of the collector voltage Vc. An analysis of the variation of the series-parallel transistor parameters hij with the operating point shows that the gain decreases with decreasing Ie or decreasing Vc in the region of small values of Ie and Vc. The appreciable control power necessary to vary Ie or Vc (of possibly several amplifying stages) can be obtained advantageously by operating the controlled stages as dc amplifiers of the control signal and employing transistor detectors. Automatic gain control systems applicable to linear amplifiers and converters using Ie and Vc control have been developed, and their performance is described in this paper. Some problems arising in-transistor AGC systems are distortion, detuning and bandwidth variation.
Control architectures for autonomous underwater vehicles (1997)

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) share common control problems with other air, land, and water unmanned vehicles. In addition to requiring high-dimensional and computationally intensive sensory data for real-time mission execution, power and communication limitations in an underwater environment make it more difficult to develop a control architecture for an AUV. In this article, the four types of control architectures being used for AUVs (hierarchical, heterarchical, subsumption, and hybrid architecture) are reviewed. A summary of 25 existing AUVs and a review of 11 AUV control architecture systems present a flavor of the state of the art in AUV technology. A new sensor-based embedded AUV control system architecture is also described and its implementation is discussed.
Capability of cord blood hematopoietic stem cells: a comparison with adult bone morrow hematopoietic stem cells (2003)

Human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in cord blood (CB) are increasingly being used as an alternative to those in adult bone marrow (BM) for treating patients with various hematological disorders. However, the difference in the hematopoietic activity of HSC between CB and adult BM is still unclear. We then compared CD34+ cells, a hematopoietic cell population, in CB with those in adult BM, using their phenotypic subpopulations, colony-forming activity and long-term repopulating ability. Although the proportion of CD34+ cells was higher in adult BM than CB mononuclear cells in flow cytometry, more immature subpopulations, CD34+CD33- and CD34+CD38- cells, were present in CB CD34+ cells. Clonal culture assay showed that more multipotential progenitors were present in CB CD34+ cells. When transplanted into immunodeficient NOD/SCID mice, adult BM CD34+ cells could not reconstitute human hematopoiesis in recipient BM, but CB CD34+ cells achieved a high level of engraftment, indicating that CB CD34+ cells possess greater repopulating ability. Thus, CB CD34+ cells contain more primitive hematopoietic cells including HSC, suggesting the usefulness of CB CD34+ cells not only as a graft for therapeutic HSC transplantation, but as a target cell population of ex vivo expansion of transplantable HSC.
Sutureless Lens Ring Fixation for Vitrectomy Using Cellulose Eye Drain (2010)

Casparis, Heather MD; Bovey, Etienne H MDEditor(s): Williams, George A Author Information
Scalable Visualization of Time-varying Multi-parameter Distributions Using Spatially Organized Histograms (2016)

Visualizing distributions from data samples as well as spatial and temporal trends of multiple variables is fundamental to analyzing the output of today's scientific simulations. However, traditional visualization techniques are often subject to a trade-off between visual clutter and loss of detail, especially in a large-scale setting. In this work, we extend the use of spatially organized histograms into a sophisticated visualization system that can more effectively study trends between multiple variables throughout a spatial domain. Furthermore, we exploit the use of isosurfaces to visualize time-varying trends found within histogram distributions. This technique is adapted into both an on-the-fly scheme as well as an in situ scheme to maintain real-time interactivity at a variety of data scales.
Carotid artery stenting with filters. (2013)

Filters are a valuable aid for safe carotid artery stenting, but require good knowledge of their function, and their shortcomings. Filters capture visible particles in 5-20% and microscopically in about 70% of the cases. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound and diffusion weighted MRI investigations have shown that particles are released during filter placement and also during the next steps of the procedure. They can pass through the filter pores when they are small enough and through unprotected areas when the filter is not completely apposed to the arterial wall. Therefore, they do not reliably prevent transient ischemic attacks and minor strokes, but major strokes. They are easier to handle than proximal balloon protection in normal anatomy and are safe in patients with moderate plaque burden and effective medication with platelet inhibitors and anticoagulation.
On the hardness of decoding quantum stabilizer codes under the depolarizing channel (2012)

We classify the complexity classes of several important decoding problems for quantum stabilizer codes. First, regardless of the channel model, quantum bounded distance decoding is shown to be NP-hard, like what Berlekamp, McEliece and Tilborg did for classical binary linear codes in 1978. Then under the depolarizing channel, the decoding problems for finding a most likely error and for minimizing the decoding error probability are also shown to be NP-hard. Our results indicate that finding a polynomial-time decoding algorithm for general stabilizer codes may not be possible, but this, on the other hand, strengthens the foundation of quantum code-based cryptography.
The Structure and Logic of Interdisciplinary Research in Agent-Based Social Simulation (2004)

To cite articles published in the Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, reference the above information and include paragraph numbers if necessary Received: 28-Dec-2003 Accepted: 09-May-2004 Published: 30-Jun-2004 This article reports an exploratory survey of the structure of interdisciplinary research in Agent-Based Social Simulation. One hundred and ninety six researchers participated in the survey completing an on-line questionnaire. The questionnaire had three distinct sections, a classification of research domains, a classification of models, and an inquiry into software requirements for designing simulation platforms. The survey results allowed us to disambiguate the variety of scientific goals and modus operandi of researchers with a reasonable level of detail, and to identify a classification of agent-based models used in simulation. In particular, in the interdisciplinary context of social-scientific modelling, agentbased computational modelling and computer engineering, we analyse the extent to which these paradigmatic models seem to be mutually instrumental in the field. We expect that our proposal may improve the viability of submitting, explaining and comparing agent-based simulations in articles, which is an important methodological requirement to consolidate the field. We also expect that it will motivate other proposals that could further validate, extend or change ours, in order to refine the classification with more types of models. Keywords:
Optical fiber geostationary tether satellite (F-GTS) system design (1997)

The geostationary satellite orbit (GSO) is a limited natural resource and its efficient utilization is very important. The geostationary tether satellite (GTS) system has a number of satellites aligned along the local vertical on either side of the nominal geostationary position. The system is synchronized with the Earth's rotation and all the various altitudes are geostationary, Furthermore, optical-fiber geostationary tether satellite (F-GTS) system has been introduced to improve the GTS system, with regard to increment of communication capacity, simplification of interference paths and intersatellite link (ISL) capability. The F-GTS system design is discussed with the purpose of achieving a realistic satellite network. Three frequency bands, i.e., the 14/11, 30/20, and 50/40 GHz bands, are examined for selection of the optimum frequency band. The F-GTS system example for covering the service areas in Japan is discussed with regard to satellite antenna diameter, communication capacities, etc. To apply the F-GTS system to the whole GSO, the diagonal azimuth orbit arrangement method is proposed for low latitude service areas. Moreover, the F-GTS communication capacity and total communication capacity, when the F-GTS systems are applied to the whole GSO, are also examined.
13C labeling experiments at metabolic nonstationary conditions: An exploratory study (2008)

It was found that the use of a (specifically) labeled substrate will significantly increase the parameter estimation accuracy. An overall information gain of about a factor of six is observed for the example network. The information gain is achieved from the specific influence of the kinetic parameters towards the labeling measurements. This also leads to a significant decrease in correlation of the kinetic parameters compared to an experiment without 13C-labeled substrate.
Metadata services for the Parallax storage system (2009)

Parallax is a distributed storage system that uses virtualization to provide storage facilities specifically for virtual environments. In Parallax, fragmentation occurs when the block addresses visible to the guest virtual machine are sequentially placed, but the corresponding physical addresses are not. Because of the copy-on- write (CoW) nature of Parallax, as virtual disks are created, cloned, deleted, snapshotted and migrated, some fragmentation of the physical media can occur, potentially incurring seeks even when performing sequential accesses to the virtual disk. As the storage pool ages, performance issues due to unchecked fragmentation, unreclaimed storage space and duplicate data can cause significant concern. CoW snapshots also introduce sharing semantics between virtual disks and snapshots. The ability to create CoW clones of virtual disks from snapshots of other virtual disks leads to more sharing relationships. As a result block reclamation and allocation become non-trivial. We have developed utilities for garbage collecting, de-fragmenting free disk space and virtual disks and reclaiming duplicate read-only blocks in the storage pool managed by Parallax. They work by updating and maintaining the metadata structures related to each virtual disk and its snapshots. They use very coarse grained locking on the metadata and work at the block level. They operate across the storage pool and are agnostic to the operating systems and file systems used by the virtual machines.
GARM: A Simple Graph Based Algorithm For Association Rule Mining (2013)

Association rule mining is an important component of data mining. In the last years a great number of algorithms have been proposed with the objective of solving the obstacles presented in the generation of association rules. In this work, a new graph based algorithm for associative rule mining which has so many advantages over the existing methods is proposed. It can be used to improve decision making in a wide variety of applications such as: market basket analysis, medical diagnosis, bio-medical literature, protein sequences, census data, logistic regression, fraud detection in web, CRM of credit card business etc.