gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Computed Tomography Dose Assessment - A Practical Approach (1995)

Computed Tomography Dose Assessment - A Practical Approach Get access W. Leitz, W. Leitz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. Axelsson, B. Axelsson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. Szendrö G. Szendrö Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 57, Issue 1-4, 1 January 1995, Pages 377–380, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082564 Published: 01 January 1995
Evidence of prior infection with influenza A/Texas/77 (H3N2( virus in dogs with clinical parainfluenza. (1980)

Eighty dogs exhibiting clinical signs of respiratory disease were sampled for influenza virus isolation and serologically tested for hemagglutination inhibiting antibody to influenza A/Hong Kong/68, A/Victoria/75, A/Texas/77 and A/USSR/77. Forty-one animals without clinical signs of respiratory disease were also examined serologically. Hemagglutinating agents were isolated from nasal and/or pharyngeal swabs taken from 21 of the 80 dogs with clinical respiratory disease. Twenty of these 21 isolates were canine parainfluenza virus. Twenty-one of 80 clinically ill animals (26.3%) and eight of 41 normal animals (19.5%) had low level hemagglutination inhibiting antibody to influenza A/Texas/77. There was no evidence that human influenza caused the respiratory disease in the dogs included in this study, since none had an increase in hemagglutination inhibiting antibody to influenza in convalescent sera. The presence of antibody to A/Texas/77, however, does suggest the possibility that these dogs had at some time been infected with this virus, and that dogs could play a role in the epidemiology of influenza in man.
Elevated Levels of p53 Antigen in Cultured Skin Fibroblasts From Patients With Hereditary Adenocarcinoma of the Colon and Rectum and Its Relevance to Oncogenic Mechanisms<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref> (1986)

Skin fibroblasts (SFs) from patients with adenomatosis of the colon and rectum (ACR) were shown, in general, to express elevated amounts of the p53 antigen as determined by immunoprecipitation with the monoclonal antibody PAb421. Infection with simian virus 40 (SV40) induced expression of the p53 antigen in SFs from normal individuals and further amplified its expression in ACR cells. The half-lives of the p53 antigen in mock-infected ACR cells and in SV40-transformed normal or ACR cells were about 2 and 15 hours, respectively. No immediate differences were detected in the coding segment of the human p53 gene between normal and ACR cells by either Southern or Northern blot analysis. These results suggest that over-expression of the p53 antigen is due, in part, to the increased stability of the p53 antigen in ACR cells. Over-expression represents an early event that is possibly associated with initiation and promotion of inherited colon cancer.
Wave digital biquads derived from RC-active configurations (1984)

A general method for deriving digital-filter structures from corresponding <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RC</tex> -active configurations is presented. The method is then used to derive digital-filter structures from various low-sensitivity <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RC</tex> -active configurations such as the three-amplifier state-variable biquad, and the corresponding summing four-amplifier biquad. The new digital structures are found to have the salient features of the reference configurations. For example, the structures based on the summing four-amplifier biquad embody the simultaneous realization of a variety of filter transfer functions, namely, a low-pass, a bandpass, and a general biquadratic transfer function. In addition, it is shown that in these structures, limit cycles can be eliminated by using a known technique based on magnitude truncation.
Above-Threshold Ionization in Low-Frequency Limit (1988)

Above-threshold ionization of Rydberg atoms by microwave intensities of 3 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{4}$ W/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ produces electrons with kinetic energies of up to 9 eV, corresponding to the absorption of up to 3 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{5}$ photons. The observations can be described in terms of a classical free electron in an oscillating field, which is the low-frequency limit of more conventional treatments of the phenomenon.
Collisionality and safety factor scalings of H-mode energy transport in the MAST spherical tokamak (2011)

A factor of 4 dimensionless collisionality scan of H-mode plasmas in MAST shows that the thermal energy confinement time scales as [formula]. Local heat transport is dominated by electrons and is consistent with the global scaling. The neutron rate is in good agreement with the ¿* dependence of tE,th. The gyrokinetic code GYRO indicates that micro-tearing turbulence might explain such a trend. A factor of 1.4 dimensionless safety factor scan shows that the energy confinement time scales as [formula] . These two scalings are consistent with the dependence of energy confinement time on plasma current and magnetic field. Weaker qeng and stronger ¿* dependences compared with the IPB98y2 scaling could be favourable for an ST-CTF device, in that it would allow operation at lower plasma current.
EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of brain metastases from non-small-cell lung cancer (2012)

The incidence of brain metastasis (BM) is high in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Available standard therapeutic options, such as whole-brain radiation therapy and systemic chemotherapy, provide a slight improvement in local control, overall survival and symptom relief. Novel agents, such as EGF receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), have now been included in standard non-small-cell lung cancer treatments. In a small subset of patients harboring EGFR-activating mutations, erlotinib and gefitinib administration was followed by a response rate of 70-80%, and a longer progression-free and overall survival than those obtained with standard chemotherapeutic regimens. However, since most of the larger studies on these agents have excluded BM patients from their series, few prospective data are available on the efficacy of these agents in this setting. In recent years, however, several authors have reported a growing number of cases of partial and complete response in BM patients treated with EGFR TKIs. Data from retrospective series and Phase II studies also suggest that a response can be obtained using EGFR TKI treatment for patients with BM, especially those harboring EGFR mutations.
A theoretical study of the signal response of a shielded MR sensor (magnetic heads) (1990)

A general analysis of the behavior of a shielded magnetic-field biased magnetoresistive sensor is presented. Using a transmission-line model and assuming linear magnetic behavior for the MR sensor material, the nature of the MR transfer curve and the dependence of output amplitude and asymmetry on bias levels and signal strengths is studied. Results show that, in general, there is no single optimum bias level that simultaneously maximizes the small-signal response amplitude and minimizes the positive-negative output asymmetry. As a result, in MR head designs, compromise must be made according to the relative importance of these two objectives.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pressure control of a Moscow water supply system using expert system technology (2002)

The paper presents modeling and simulation studies of the current, semi-manual, and the proposed fully automatic pressure control schemes for the Zelenograd water supply system. Dynamic operational simulations are an essential feature of the project. However, it was necessary to enhance the network hydraulic simulator by including pressure feedback controls in order to produce acceptable results. Analysis of the operational requirements and the simulation results provide a basis for the design of an improved controller using an expert system approach. Extended time period operational simulations are used to verify the rules and to compare the results with those of existing practice. There are expectations of immediate benefits in terms of operating economies.
Proper names extraction from fax images combining textual and image features (2004)

In the frame of a unified messaging system, a crucial task of the system is to provide the user with key information on every message received, like keywords reflecting the object of the message, or the name of the sender. However, in the case of facsimiles, this information is not as easy to detect as in the case of e-mails, since no standard headers are defined. The aim of the presented work is to identify and extract specific information (the name of the sender) from a fax cover page. For this purpose, methods based on image document analysis (OCR recognition, physical blocks selection), and text analysis methods (optimized dictionary lookup, local grammar rules), are implemented to work in parallel. The fusion of their results brings a more accurate guess than any of the methods would achieve separately.
INHIBITION BY PUROMYCIN OF AMINO ACID INCORPORATION INTO PROTEIN (1959)

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans the biological, physical, and social sciences.
BUY IT NOW: ESTABLISHING PERSONAL JURISDICTION OVER OUT-OF-STATE DEFENDANTS WHO CONDUCT BUSINESS THROUGH ONLINE INTERMEDIARIES (2013)

According to the United States Census Bureau, in 2008, ecommerce retail sales accounted for approximately 3.6% of all retail sales in the country and generated $142 billion in revenue. A study by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) estimates that in the same year, approximately 73% of all electronic retail sales were conducted through online retail intermediaries (“online intermediaries”). Online intermediaries facilitate Internet transactions for new and used goods by connecting buyers with suppliers, and they provide a range of services such as a platform for auctions, fixed prices, and transaction processing. One of the largest online intermediaries is eBay.com. In June 2011, 223.5 million people accounting for 16.2% of the world’s Internet population visited eBay. The increasing use of the Internet and online intermediaries—like eBay—by manufacturers and sellers to distribute their products across the United States has posed significant problems for courts in determining where these
Actinic granuloma. An annular connective tissue disorder affecting sun- and heat-damaged (elastotic) skin (1975)

Ring-shaped inflammatory lesions sometimes develop in the abnormal "elastotic" connective tissues of skin damaged by sun and heat. The lesions, which commence as papules and nodules, enlarge very slowly and may persist for years. Microscopical sections show that there is an infiltrate composed mainly of foreign-body giant cells, the cells being engaged in digesting and absorbing the abnormal elastotic fibers. The disorder, which occurs on several continents, should probably be regarded as a phenomenon of repair within damaged connective tissue. The name actinic granuloma indicates its external or environmental origin and distinguishes it from other granulomas with which it is constantly being confused. Actinic granuloma and granuloma annulare appear to be related. In granuloma annulare, a productive and resorptive process also occurs, but its nature remains obscure. Actinic granuloma may be misdiagnosed as "atypical necrobiosis lipoidica" or as a sarcoidosis. The subject of actinic damage to blood vessels deserves study.
A Distributed Multimedia CDN Model with P2P Architecture (2006)

Use for reference of the great success of P2P in distributed file sharing and locating, by abolishing CDN central node and making all POP nodes, which adopt the cluster technique, being peers to each other, a distributed multimedia CDN model with P2P architecture is put forward. In order to implement the global load optimization, the two-level load balance algorithm based on network measurement is proposed. Files are sliced up and transmitted through P2P mechanism to satisfy the requirement on real time multi-media application and high quality of service. Results of analysis show us that this multimedia CDN model has better expansibility, robustness, and quality of service
Long-lived CO2 lasers with distributed heterogeneous catalysis (1974)

In a sealed CO2-N2-He system with a clean discharge tube the degree of dissociation of the CO2 is greater than 80% (with no hydrogen present) and laser action cannot be obtained. If platinum is distributed along the discharge tube walls as a discontinuous film it catalyses back-reactions reforming CO2. The degree of dissociation is then less than 40% and efficient laser action at 10·6 μm is obtained. Using such distributed heterogeneous catalysis a CO2-N2-He-Xe laser has operated for more than 3000 h. In this system both hydrogen and deuterium are undesirable additives because they decrease the excitation rate of the upper laser level.
Bipolar Resistive Switching Characteristics in Flexible Pt/MZT/Al Memory and Ni/NbO<sub>2</sub>/Ni Selector Structure (2018)

The use of a threshold-switching Ni/NbO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Ni device with a memory-switching Pt/magnesium zirconate titanate/Al device on a flexible substrate was proposed to suppress undesired sneak currents. The proposed flexible one selector and one resistor (1S1R) memory device exhibits a low operation voltage, good ON/OFF ratio of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> , uniform current distribution, excellent flexibility, and stable I-V curve at 85 °C. The good selection and memory properties of the flexible 1S1R memory device are highly promising for high-density and low-power flexible electronic applications.
Guiding, Focusing, and Collimated Transport of Hot Electrons in a Canal in the Extended Tip of Cone Targets (2009)

Hot electrons are produced, guided into a beam, and transported over 60 microm in a small canal to the outside tip of a structured cone target. The diameter of the electron beam is defined by the inside tip diameter. This carries the potential to create electron beams of specific diameters propagating over specific distances of interest for several applications.
Bio F1B hamster: a unique animal model with reduced lipoprotein lipase activity to investigate nutrient mediated regulation of lipoprotein metabolism (2007)

Evidence is presented for the first time that alterations in lipoprotein lipase activity and mRNA levels contribute to varied response of these hamsters to dietary fat, highlighting the importance of genetic background in the regulation of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism by dietary fats. Bio F1B hamster may prove to be an important animal model to investigate nutrient mediated regulation of metabolic parameters under lipoprotein lipase deficiency.
New Approaches to Reduce <i>Staphylococcus Aureus</i> Nosocomial Infection Rates: Treating <i>S. Aureus</i> Nasal Carriage (1998)

Given the importance of S. aureus nosocomial infections and the increased risk of S. aureus nasal carriage in patients with nosocomial infections, investigators need to study cost-effective strategies to prevent certain types of nosocomial infections or nosocomial infections that occur in specific settings. One potential strategy is to decrease S. aureus nasal carriage among certain patient populations.
In vivo and in vitro identification of a hypervariable region in Schmallenberg virus (2013)

Detected for the first time in 2011, Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is an orthobunyavirus of the Simbu serogroup that caused a large outbreak in European ruminants. In a tight time frame, data have been obtained on SBV epidemiology and the clinical pictures associated with this new viral infection, but little information is available on the molecular biology of SBV. In this study, SBV sequence variability was characterized from the central nervous system of two stillborn lambs in a naturally infected herd. A hypervariable region (HVR) was detected in the N-terminal region of the SBV Gc glycoprotein through sequencing and analysis of the two full-length genomes representative of intra-herd SBV dissemination. In vitro growth assays coupled with full-length genome sequencing were performed on the two isolates after successive cellular passages, showing an in vitro adaptation of SBV and mutation accumulation inside the HVR in the absence of immune selective pressure.
Mechanical engineering design (2001)

Part I Basics1 Introduction2 Statistical Considerations3 Materials4 Load and Stress Analysis5 Deflection and StiffnessPart II Failure Prevention6 Failures Resulting from Static Loading7 Fatigue Failure Resulting from Variable LoadingPart III Design of Mechanical Elements8 Screws, Fasteners, and the Design of Nonpermanent Joints9 Welding, Brazing, Bonding, and the Design of Permanent Joints10 Mechanical Springs11 Rolling-Contact Bearings12 Lubrication and Journal Bearings13 Gears - General14 Spur and Helical Gears15 Bevel and Worm Gears16 Clutches, Brakes, Couplings and Flywheels17 Flexible Mechanical Elements18 Shafts and AxlesA Appendix A Useful TablesB Appendix B Solutions to Selected ProblemsIndex
Aerobic methanol-oxidizing<i>Bacteria</i>âin soil (2009)

Methanol is an atmospheric compound that is primarily released from plant polymers and impacts ozone formation. The global methanol emission rate from terrestrial ecosystems is of the same order of magnitude (4.9 x 10(12) mol year(-1)) as that of methane (10 x 10(12) mol year(-1)). The major proportion of the annual plant-released methanol does not enter the atmosphere, but may be reoxidized by biological methanol oxidation, which is catalyzed by methanol-oxidizing prokaryotes. Fifty-six aerobic methanol-oxidizing species have been isolated from soils. These methylotrophs belong to the Alpha-, Beta-, and Gammaproteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Their ecological niches are determined by oxygen and methanol concentration, temperature, pH, the capability to utilize nitrate as an electron acceptor, and the spectrum of nitrogen sources and utilizable multicarbon substrates. Recently discovered interactions with eukaryotes indicate that their ecological niches may not solely be defined by physicochemical parameters. Nonetheless, there are still gaps in knowledge; based on global methanol budgets, methanol oxidation in soil is important, but has not been addressed adequately by biogeochemical studies. Ratios of above-ground and soil-internal methanol oxidation are not known. The contribution to methanol-oxidation by aerobic and anaerobic methylotrophs in situ also needs further research.
A Review of Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Autism Spectrum Disorders (2012)

Given the severe and chronic problems associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and the limitations of available treatments, there exists a large public health need for additional interventions. As more parents are inquiring about complementary and alternative treatments (CATs), both parents and practitioners require up-to-date information about them and whether and how to integrate them into treatment. After presenting data on CAT usage patterns for ASD, we review 13 ingestible (i.e., orally administered) and 6 noningestible (i.e., externally administered) CATs for ASD. For each CAT we briefly describe its definition; rationale for use; current research support, limitations, and future directions; safety issues; and whether we currently recommend, not recommend, or find it acceptable for the treatment of ASD. We conclude this paper with recommendations for future research and ten clinical recommendations for practitioners.
Immobilization of African Elephants with Carfentanil and Antagonism with Nalmefene and Diprenorphine (1988)

Elliott R. Jacobson, George V. Kollias, Darryl J. Heard, Randolph Caligiuri, Immobilization of African Elephants with Carfentanil and Antagonism with Nalmefene and Diprenorphine, The Journal of Zoo Animal Medicine, Vol. 19, No. 1/2 (Mar. - Jun., 1988), pp. 1-7
Dietary N-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Mechanisms, Clinical Outcomes, Controversies, and Future Directions. (1996)

Studies on the use of dietary n-3 fatty acids supplementation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis started to appear in the scientific literature in the early 1980's. Interest in n-3 fatty acid-modified diets developed further when it was observed that such diets in animal models partly alleviated autoimmune-induced inflammatory disease. Human studies indicate that n-3 fatty acids may reduce inflammation; however, the mechanism of these effects have not been fully elucidated. Inflammatory stimuli result in cytokine production and free radical release, which may enhance the production of tissue necrosis factor (TNF) and cytokines other than those produced through the cyclo-oxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase enzyme systems and the platelet-activating factor (PAF) system. Clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis have been established by the American College of Rheumatology. The diagnostic criteria most commonly used in the clinical management of rheumatoid arthritis include prolonged morning stiffness, swelling and pain in more than one joint, commonly involving the hands, wrists, knees, and feet in a symmetrical pattern, and an ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) of at least 28mm/h. Systemic symptoms associated with active disease include low-grade fever, weakness, and extra articular manifestations such as vasculitis, neuropathy, and pleuritis. There are inconsistencies reported in the literature regarding the effects of n-3 fatty acid supplementation on these clinical parameters. Controversies associated with n-3 fatty acids and rheumatoid arthritis studies may be associated with the crossover design protocol which is not appropriate because of the long carry over effects of fish oils. Also, a study length of less than 12 weeks is insufficient for alteration of cellular lipid levels. Another source of confusion is that the level of supplementation with n-3 fatty acids has not been dose related, and there has not been any control of linoleic acid levels in the background diet. The purpose of this article is to review the recent studies utilizing n-3 fatty acids in clinical investigations of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and to suggest directions for future research efforts.
The Risk and Return from Factors (1997)

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Using shared-packed forests in a GB parser (2002)

By utilizing structure sharing among its parse trees, a GB parser can increase its efficiency dramatically. Using a GB parser which has as its phrase structure recovery component an implementation of Tomita's natural language algorithm (M. Tomita, 1986), we investigate how a GB parser can preserve the structure sharing output by Tomita's algorithm. We give some details of the structure-sharing parser currently under construction. Our approach to preserving sharing within a shared-packed forest is applicable not only to GB parsing, but anytime we want to preserve structure sharing in a parse forest in the presence of features.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>