gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional Analysis of Glutathione S‐Transferase Placental Form‐positive Lesion Development in Early Stages of Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis (1993)

The development of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive lesions in the rat liver, from single cells to foci, and their locations within liver lobules were examined by a combined stereological approach for calculation of three-dimensional (3-D) data and by 3-D computer graphics for reconstruction of lesions. Two weeks after initiation with diethylnitrosamine, the rats were divided into two groups. Animals in group 1 were given 2-acetylaminofluorene, and animals in group 2 were given basal diet for 6 weeks. Partial hepatectomy (PH) was performed at week 3. The GST-P-positive single cells increased in number per liver after PH in group 1, but not in group 2, where a plateau level was maintained. The number of GST-P-positive foci per liver in group 2 also reached an almost constant low value after 4 weeks. In contrast, foci in group 1 increased greatly after PH. A 3-D reconstruction, performed with a computer graphics system using up to 180 sections at 10 microns intervals, revealed the single cells to be distributed at random. Those that grew into foci were also not preferentially localized in any particular zone of the hepatic lobule. When foci within the same lobule came into contact, they underwent fusion. The present results thus indicate that only a small proportion of GST-P-positive single cells develops into foci, and that their growth is independent of zonal factors within individual lobules in early stages of rat hepatocarcinogenesis.
Influence du spectre de l'induction magnétique sur les pertes fer dans les stators de machines électriques (2016)

Cet article propose d’étudier expérimentalement la pertinence d’une analyse harmonique pour le calcul des pertes fer dans les matériaux magnétiques des machines électriques afin d’améliorer la représentativité de leurs modèles. Un banc d’essai avec un hystérésigraphe pouvant générer diverses formes d’ondes et mesurer les pertes fer induites sur des échantillons magnétiques sera utilisé. Des formes d’ondes sinusoïdales de différentes fréquences et amplitudes ont été étudiées seules, puis combinées entres elles. Ensuite l’influence de la phase des harmoniques a été observée. Il a ainsi été possible d’analyser l’impact de formes d’ondes complexes sur les pertes fer et collecter de nouvelles données afin d’établir ultérieurement des modèles de pertes fer sous spectre d’induction complexe
Amino Acid Contamination in Preparations of Hog Blood Group Substances<sup>1</sup> (1952)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAmino Acid Contamination in Preparations of Hog Blood Group Substances1Sidney Leskowitz, Helen Van Vunakis, and Elvin A. KabatCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1952, 74, 21, 5538Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1952Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1952https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01141a524https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01141a524research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
DIFFERENT LIFE HISTORIES OF THE CO-OCCURRING FAIRY SHRIMPS BRANCHIPUS SCHAEFFERI AND STREPTOCEPHALUS TORVICORNIS (ANOSTRACA) (2003)

Branchipus schaefferi and Streptocephalus torvicornis commonly co-occur in ephemeral ponds throughout the Mediterranean Region. We compared survivorship, growth, and reproduction. Our results show statistically significant differences in all three parameters under laboratory conditions at 25°C, reflecting different life history strategies between these species. Branchipus schaefferi grows quickly to 18 mm body length, producing roughly 1700 cysts during an average lifespan of 24 days, while S. torvicornis lives an average of 120 days (length 24 mm), laying 2400 cysts. This suggests that S. torvicornis is better adapted to deep longer-lived pools, whereas B. schaefferi may survive in small, more ephemeral pools as formed from spring melt water and autumn rains. While the lifespan is equal for both sexes in B. schaefferi, the males of S. torvicornis live 2.8 times longer than females (325 days versus 114) compelled into a long postreproductive period by lack of females in their environment.
Intratracheal Instillation of Stem Cells in Term Neonatal Rats (2020)

Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of oxygen leads to inflammation and acute lung injury, which is similar to human bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In premature infants, BPD is a major complication despite early use of surfactant therapy, optimal ventilation strategies, and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. Because pulmonary inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of BPD, corticosteroid use is one potential treatment to prevent it. Nevertheless, systemic corticosteroid treatment is not usually recommended for preterm infants due to long-term adverse effects. Preclinical studies and human phase I clinical trials demonstrated that use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in hyperoxia-induced lung injuries and in preterm infants is safe and feasible. Intratracheal and intravenous MSC transplantation has been shown to protect against neonatal hyperoxic lung injury. Therefore, intratracheal administration of stem cells and combined surfactant and glucocorticoid treatment has emerged as a new strategy to treat newborns with respiratory disorders. The developmental stage of rat lungs at birth is equivalent to that in human lungs at 26-28 week of gestation. Hence, newborn rats are appropriate for studying intratracheal administration to preterm infants with respiratory distress to evaluate its efficacy. This intratracheal instillation technique is a clinically viable option for delivery of stem cells and drugs into the lungs.
Induction of Optical Activity in an Oligothiophene Synchronized with pH‐Sensitive Folding of Amylose (2007)

Control of the helical sense in alpha-sexithiophene (6T) through pH-responsive wrapping with left-handed-helical amylose is demonstrated. A change in pH of the medium caused a significant conformational change in amylose as the host polymer, which resulted in either supramolecular complexation with 6T as the guest molecule to induce optical activity or decomplexation leading to loss of optical activity. Furthermore, we observed that chirality reversal in 6T does not require hosts of opposite helical chirality, but can be made possible simply by taking advantage of the pH sensitivity of the amylose folding, which is dependent on the pH history of the aqueous medium. In helical amylose, 6T assumes a clockwise-twisted conformation when the pH is changed from acidic to neutral, but assumes an anticlockwise-twisted conformation when the aqueous solution is acidified from very basic conditions.
Studies on the purification of antihemophilic factor (factor VIII) (1969)

Concanavalin A precipitates antihemophilic factor from normal plasma. Combining this precipitation with other techniques, we were able to separate fractions rich in antihemophilic activity from human plasma with rapidity. The molecular weight of antihemophilic factor was estimated to be greater than 2 million. Presumably, antihemophilic factor is a large glycoprotein.
Earth Fissure Formation from the Mechanics of Groundwater Pumping (2010)

This paper presents the formulation of the mechanics governing the changes in stress state from groundwater pumping. A two-layer alluvium consisting of a cemented alluvium layer on top of an unconfined aquifer alluvium layer is considered. It is shown that the stress state in the aquifer alluvium consists of compression, simple shear and couple stresses. The shear stresses on the vertical planes and horizontal planes are not equal. Consequently, a Cosserat rather than the conventionally used Cauchy continuum better simulates the stresses in the aquifer alluvium. Land subsidence from groundwater level decline consists of vertical compression (consolidation), shear displacement and macrorotation. The latter occurs when conditions are favorable for the microrotation imposed by asymmetric stresses to become macrorotation. Earth fissures are formed in aquifer alluvium from groundwater pumping by simple shear on vertical planes and rotation and not by tension as commonly suggested. Earth fissures are formed in the upper cemented alluvium by simple shear strains and rotations. Highly cemented alluviums are more prone to earth fissure formation than weakly cemented alluviums. It is shown that there is a critical characteristic length of √2 times the aquifer alluvium thickness below which earth fissures would, theoretically, not develop. The distances from the well face at which earth fissures will form depend not on the total drop in groundwater level but on the gradient of the groundwater profile. The slope of the subsidence bowl, which consists of simple shear strain and rotation, is established as an indicator for the initiation of earth fissures.
ChemInform Abstract: Search for Novel Leads for Histamine H3‐Receptor Antagonists: Oxygen‐ Containing Derivatives (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Redox Absorption Spectra from Single Pigment Cells of Squid (1959)

Single pigment cells from the squid Loligo forbesi have been studied by microspectrophotometry. The absorption spectra obtained show characteristic changes on reduction and oxidation which are compatible with those found in ommochromes. The presence of melanoid substances, however, cannot be excluded.
Methane-Air Mixture Ignition by Combined Laser and Microwave Discharges (2011)

Successful ignition of hydrocarbon fuel mixtures achieving a decreased ignition delay time and an increased flame propagation speed is one key goal of plasma assisted combustion. A combination of laser and microwave discharges was proposed to both create fuel-gas mixture ionization before ignition using a laser pulse and to subsequently ignite the mixture using the microwave discharge as the thermal source. In this paper we present the modeling results of the ignition phenomenon investigations for the case of this combined laser-microwave discharge. Ignition delay times as a function of the mixture ionization level formed by a laser pulse and the microwave electric field strength are presented. The ignition mechanism of the combined laser-microwave ignition is analyzed.
Ft‐Ir Study of the Interaction Between 1‐Dimethylamino‐2‐Propanone and Phenols (1992)

Abstract The hydrogen bonds between 1‐dimethylamino‐2‐propanone and phenols are investigated by FT‐IR spectroscopy. The thermodynamic parameters are determined in carbontetra‐chloride and in 1,2‐dichloroethane. The infrared spectra show that the oxygen and nitrogen atoms are involved in hydrogen bond formation. The occupation of the two sites depends on the solvent and the difference is discussed in terms of different conformational equilibria.
Enantioselective Carbolithiations (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Remote sensing and engineering: An interdisciplinary approach to assess vulnerability in urban areas (2006)

Urban areas especially in developing countries suffer from rapid changes due to explosive immigration and sprawl. Expectations predict an almost complete absorption of the world’s population growth between 2000 and 2030 by urban areas in less developed regions. One out of every two large cities in the developing world is vulnerable to natural disasters such as floods, severe storms, landslides and earthquakes. This paper presents an interdisciplinary approach combining remote sensing and civil engineering to assess vulnerability in urban areas. The aim is to develop new methodologies as well as interfaces to benefit from the potentials existing in both sources. It is shown how complex urban characteristics are classified area-wide from high resolution satellite imagery. The relevant building classes are allocated through analysis of the thematic urban land cover classification by parameters like roof type or building height. These parameters serve as input to estimate the behaviour of structures affected by natural disasters. Final result is the expected risk as an interaction between physical hazard and vulnerability. It is precisely the use of area-wide information from remote sensing and the adaptation of civil engineering methods which are the important improvements and indicate the future for vulnerability assessments.
Synaptically Activated Low‐threshold Muscarinic Inward Current Sustains Tonic Firing in Rabbit Prevertebral Sympathetic Neurons (1996)

Whole-cell patch-clamp experiments were performed on non-dissociated rabbit coeliac sympathetic neurons in the presence of nicotinic blockers. Coeliac neurons were classified as either silent or spontaneously active (pacemaker) cells. Under voltage-clamp conditions, pacemaker cells exhibited a steady-state N-shaped current-voltage relationship due to the presence of a persistent voltage-dependent inward current in the potential range of -100 to approximately -20 mV. This inward current sustained the regular firing activity of pacemaker cells and was absent from quiescent neurons. It disappeared in the presence of tetrodotoxin and in low Ca(2+)-high Mg2+ external solutions and was enhanced by eserine. Splanchnic nerve stimulation induced slow regenerative depolarizations and firing discharges in silent neurons by activating a low-threshold voltage-sensitive inward current. The synaptic current had a U-shaped voltage-dependence from -96 to approximately -20 mV and exhibited the dynamic properties of the muscarinic voltage-dependent inward current INa,M. It gave the current-voltage relationship an N shape similar to that observed in spontaneously active cells. The muscarinic antagonists atropine and pirenzepine abolished the inward current present in pacemaker cells and that induced by nerve stimulation in silent neurons. These data provide evidence that both spontaneous firing activity and nerve-evoked depolarizing responses in coeliac neurons are sustained by the activation of the muscarinic Na,M current. The tonic activation of INa,M in spontaneously firing cells results from a sustained Ca(2+)-dependent tetrodotoxin-sensitive release of acetylcholine. This study provides evidence that the role of the muscarinic receptors is not purely a neuromodulatory one, but that these receptors are directly involved in ganglionic neurotransmission.
Action of a microbial lipase/acyltransferase on phospholipid monolayers (1991)

Vibrio species release a lipase which shares many properties with mammalian lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. We have studied the action of the enzyme on phospholipid monolayers. At similar surface pressures, reaction velocities were higher with monolayers of dilauroylphosphatidylcholine than with the corresponding phosphatidylglycerol or phosphatidylethanolamine. The dependence of reaction velocity on molecular density was very similar for phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine monolayers. Lag times were shortest with phosphatidylglycerol at low molecular densities, but maximum velocity was reached at considerably lower densities than with the other two lipids. We have found [Hilton, S., McCubbin, N. D., Kay, C., & Buckley, J.T. (1990) Biochemistry 29, 9072-9078] that nicking of the enzyme with trypsin or other proteases results in an increase in its activity against lipids in membranes. Here we show that trypsin treatment results in a large change in the surface activity of the lipase, allowing it to penetrate monolayers at pressures higher than 40 mN.m-1.
Identification of Glycerol-3-phosphate Acyltransferase as an Adipocyte Determination and Differentiation Factor 1- and Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Protein-responsive Gene (1997)

We demonstrate that the mRNA levels of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), a mitochondrial enzyme catalyzing the initial step in glycerolipid synthesis, are induced during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to adipocytes and following ectopic expression of rat adipocyte determination and differentiation factor 1 (ADD1), a protein with high homology to the human sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1). The increase in GPAT mRNA levels that occurs during differentiation is partially prevented by ectopic expression of a dominant negative form of ADD1. Nucleotide sequences corresponding to the proximal promoter of the murine mitochondrial GPAT gene (Jerkins, A. A., Liu, W. R., Lee, S., and Sul, H. S. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 1416-1421) bound SREBP-1a and NF-Y in electromobility shift assays. In addition, GPAT promoter-luciferase reporter genes were stimulated by co-expression of SREBP-1a. This increase was attenuated when either a dominant negative form of NF-Y was co-transfected into the cells or when the GPAT promoter contained mutations in the putative binding sites for SREBP-1a or NF-Y. These studies demonstrate that the regulated expression of the mitochondrial GPAT gene requires both NF-Y and ADD1/SREBPs. Thus, SREBPs/ADD1 regulate not only genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis and fatty acid synthesis but also a key enzyme in glycerolipid synthesis.
Gaseous by-products from ARGON thermal plasma-air-water system (2008)

In this work, toxic gaseous by-products such as CO, NO, NO2, etc., generated by an argon plasma torch in different air environments were experimentally investigated. Experiments were conducted for plasma torch power from 0 to 1.5 kW, argon plasma flow rate from 0 to 20 L.min-1, and oxygen concentration from 0 to 12 %. In air, a significant amount of toxic gaseous by-products were observed. However, in the Ar-air-water system, the presence of water reduced NOx (sum of NO and NO2 concentrations) and CO formation. The mean plasma jet electron temperature value was measured by optical emission spectroscopy. The averaged axial temperature slightly increased with the increase of the argon flow rate.
Genetic Interrelatedness among Clover Proliferation Mycoplasmalike Organisms (MLOs) and Other MLOs Investigated by Nucleic Acid Hybridization and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analyses (1991)

DNA was isolated from clover proliferation (CP) mycoplasmalike organism (MLO)-diseased periwinkle plants (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.) and cloned into pSP6 plasmid vectors. CP MLO-specific recombinant DNA clones were biotin labeled and used as probes in dot hybridization and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses to study the genetic interrelatedness among CP MLO and other MLOs, including potato witches'-broom (PWB) MLO. Results from dot hybridization analyses indicated that both a Maryland strain of aster yellows and a California strain of aster yellows are distantly related to CP MLO. Elm yellows, paulownia witches'-broom, peanut witches'-broom, loofah witches'-broom, and sweet potato witches'-broom may be very distantly related, if at all, to CP MLO. A new Jersey strain of aster yellows MLO, tomato big bud MLO, clover phyllody MLO, beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence MLO, and ash yellows MLO are related to CP MLO, but PWB MLO is the most closely related. Similarity coefficients derived from restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses revealed that PWB and CP MLOs are closely related strains and thus provided direct evidence of their relatedness in contrast to reliance solely on biological characterization.
The function of macrophages in antigen recognition by guinea pig T lymphocytes. III. Genetic analysis of the antigens mediating macrophage-T lymphocyte interaction. (1976)

Activation of immune T lymphocytes by antigen-pulsed macrophages is mediated by the Ia antigens of the guinea pig MHC or the products of closely linked genes. Studies using combinations of macrophages and T cells derived from outbred animals with different Ia antigens and/or Ir gene products have demonstrated that sharing of Ir gene products between macrophage and T cells is not sufficient for effective macrophage-T cell interaction. The role of the Ia antigens in the absence of the linked Ir gene products could not be directly examined because we were unable to identify an animal which bore the full complement of Ia antigens in the absence of the Ir gene that is normally associated with them. The results of these studies support the concept of the functional expression of the Ir gene product in the macrophage.
Coordinate-Free Analysis of Mitral Valve Dynamics in Normal and Ischemic Hearts (2000)

This analysis uncovered a simple pattern of relatively constant intracardiac distances that describes the 3D geometry and dynamics of the papillary tips and leaflet edges from the dynamic mitral annulus. Ischemia perturbed the papillary-annular distances, and IMR occurred. Either type of ring annuloplasty prevented such changes, preserved papillary-annular distances, and prevented IMR.
Crystallographic structure of the  -helical triple coiled-coil domain of avian reovirus S1133 fibre (2009)

Avian reovirus fibre, a homo-trimer of the sigmaC protein, is a minor component of the avian reovirus outer capsid. It is anchored via a short N-terminal sequence to the inner capsid lambdaC pentamer, and its protruding globular C-terminal domain is responsible for primary host cell attachment. We have previously solved the structure of a receptor-binding fragment in which residues 160-191 form a triple beta-spiral and 196-326 a beta-barrel head domain. Here we have expressed, purified and crystallized a major sigmaC fragment comprising residues 117-326. Its structure, which was solved by molecular replacement using the previously determined receptor-binding domain structure and refined to 1.75 A (0.175 nm) resolution, reveals an alpha-helical triple coiled-coil connected to the previously solved structure by a zinc-ion-containing linker. The coiled-coil domain contains two chloride ion binding sites, as well as specific trimerization and registration sequences. The linker may act as a functionally important hinge.