gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Isolation of <i>Phaffia rhodozyma</i> Mutants with Increased Astaxanthin Content (1989)

Plating of the astaxanthin-producing yeast Phaffia rhodozyma onto yeast-malt agar containing 50 muM antimycin A gave rise to colonies of unusual morphology, characterized by a nonpigmented lower smooth surface that developed highly pigmented vertical papillae after 1 to 2 months. Isolation and purification of the pigmented papillae, followed by testing for pigment production in shake flasks, demonstrated that several antimycin isolates were increased two- to fivefold in astaxanthin content compared with the parental natural isolate (UCD-FST 67-385). One of the antimycin strains (ant-1) and a nitrosoguanidine derivative of ant-1 (ant-1-4) produced considerably more astaxanthin than the parent (ant-1 had 800 to 900 mug/g; ant-1-4 had 900 to 1,300 mug/g; and 67-385 had 300 to 450 mug/g). The mutant strains were compared physiologically with the parent. The antimycin mutants grew slower on ammonia, glutamate, or glutamine as nitrogen sources compared with the natural isolate and also had lower cell yields on several carbon sources. Although isolated on antimycin plates, they were found to be more susceptible to antimycin A, apparently owing to the spatial separation of the papillae from the agar. They were also more susceptible than the parent to the respiratory inhibitor thenoyltrifluoroacetone and were slightly more susceptible to cyanide, but did not differ from the natural isolate in susceptibility to azide. The antimycin-derived strains were also killed faster than the parent by hydrogen peroxide. The carotenoid compositions of the parent and the antimycin-derived strains were similar to those previously determined in the type strain (UCD-FST 67-210) except that two carotenoids not previously found in the type strain were present in increased quantities in the antimycin mutants and phoenicoxanthin was a minor component. The chemical properties of the unknown carotenoids suggested that the strains isolated on antimycin agar tended to oxygenate and desaturate carotene precursors to a greater extent than the parent. The physiology of the antimycin isolates and the known specificity of antimycin for cytochrome b in the respiratory chain suggests that alteration of cytochrome b or cytochrome P-450 components involved in oxygenation and desaturation of carotenes in mitochondria are affected, which results in increased astaxanthin production. These astaxanthin-overproducing mutants and more highly pigmented derivative strains could be useful in providing a natural source of astaxanthin for the pen-reared-salmon industry or for other farmed animals that contain astaxanthin as their principal carotenoid.
Rapid Ultrasound in Shock (RUSH) Velocity‐Time Integral (2015)

Ultrasound assessment of patients in shock is becoming the standard of care in emergency and critical care settings worldwide. One of the most common protocols used for this assessment is the rapid ultrasound in shock (RUSH) examination. The RUSH protocol is a rapid evaluation of cardiac function, key vascular structures, and likely sources of hypotension. Stroke volume is an established important value to assess in the setting of shock, allowing the provider to predict the patient's response to treatment. However, the calculation of stroke volume or its surrogates is not part of any protocol, including RUSH. We propose the addition of ultrasound calculation of stroke volume or surrogates to the RUSH protocol and provide support for its utility and relative ease of calculation. The resulting product would be the RUSH velocity-time integral protocol.
Use of an interactive game to increase food acceptance – a pilot study (2003)

An interactive food game is a successful tool for increasing food variety in healthy children with chronic food refusal. As this report included only three subjects, the results will be used for subsequent work on this topic.
Quantum dots: synthesis, bioapplications, and toxicity (2012)

This review introduces quantum dots (QDs) and explores their properties, synthesis, applications, delivery systems in biology, and their toxicity. QDs are one of the first nanotechnologies to be integrated with the biological sciences and are widely anticipated to eventually find application in a number of commercial consumer and clinical products. They exhibit unique luminescence characteristics and electronic properties such as wide and continuous absorption spectra, narrow emission spectra, and high light stability. The application of QDs, as a new technology for biosystems, has been typically studied on mammalian cells. Due to the small structures of QDs, some physical properties such as optical and electron transport characteristics are quite different from those of the bulk materials.
The Integrated Control of<i>Armillaria mellea</i>2. Field Experiments (2006)

ABSTRACT Several isolates of Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride and T. hamatum, and an isolate each of Dactylium dendroides and Chaetomium olivaceum, found antagonistic in vitro and under glasshouse conditions against several isolates of the root rot pathogen, Armillaria mellea, were evaluated for their ability to suppress root rot of young apple trees under field conditions. Some of these antagonists were selected for integration with two systemic fungicides, fosetyl-Al and fenpropidin. The antagonists were applied on mushroom compost with dead mycelia of Agaricus bisporus either before or after a 2000 mg 1−1 dose of the fungicides, with a time interval of 40 days. Some isolates of the Trichoderma spp. and D. dendroides reduced the extent of infection as compared with that on control plants inoculated only with A. mellea. A significant interaction was found between the antagonists, fungicides and their sequence of application. D. dendroides was significantly (p < 0.05) more effective in reducing the rot when applied 40 days before fosetyl- Al. Conversely, T. harzianum isolate Th23 showed greater efficacy when introduced 40 days after fenpropidin. T. hamatum isolate Tham 1, however, exhibited a greater effect when applied before fenpropidin. Changing sequence of application of the other antagonists with either of the two fungicides had no significant effect on the extent of the root rot. Trees treated with Trichoderma viride isolate Tv3 and fenpropidin had a greater increase in number of branches > 30 cm, but Chaetomium olivaceum caused a greater increase with fosetyl-Al than with fenpropidin. Similarly, increase in branches > 30 cm was significantly greater on trees treated with fosetyl-Al only, compared with those treated with fenpropidin only. Whereas dose rates of fosetyl-Al did not cause significant differences, a dose rate of 8000 mg 1−1 of fenpropidin resulted in significantly fewer branches < 30 cm, compared with the lower dose rates of 2000 and 4000 mg 1−1.
An Implementation of High Availability in Networked Robotic Systems (2008)

Fault-tolerance is provided to the cell communication system (Fig. 14), and therefore redundancy at both Station Controller level (a break down of a Robot Controller is detectable, the production tasks can be rescheduled to the remaining valid units for graceful degraded behaviour) and Station Computer level (replication of data bases for the IBM PCtype device terminals, reassignment of computers in case of break downs). The fault tolerance solution presented in this paper is worth to be considered in environments where the production structure has the possibility to reconfigure, and where the manufacturing must assure a continuous production flow at batch level (job shop flow). There are also some drawbacks in this solution, like the need of an additional NFS cluster. The spatial layout and configuring of robots must be done such that one robot will be able to
Criminal profiling from crime scene analysis (1986)

Abstract Since the 1970s, investigative profilers at the FBI's Behavioral Science Unit (now part of the National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime) have been assisting local, state, and federal agencies in narrowing investigations by providing criminal personality profiles. An attempt is now being made to describe this criminal‐profile‐generating process. A series of five overlapping stages lead to the sixth stage, or the goal of apprehension of the offender: (1) profiling inputs, (2) decision‐process models, (3) crime assessment, (4) the criminal profile, (5) investigation, and (6) apprehension. Two key feedback filters in the process are: (a) achieving congruence with the evidence, with decision models, and with investigation recommendations, and (b) the addition of new evidence.
Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von Gold‐Barium‐Thiostannat(lV), Au<sub>2</sub>,BaSnS<sub>4</sub> (1978)

Abstract Es wird über die Darstellung und die Eigenschaften der neuen Verbindung Au 2 ,BaSnS 4 berichet. Die Strukturanalyse mit Röntgeneinkristalldaten ergibt eine Blockstruktur mit: a = 1098,2 ± 0,4; b 1109,3 ± 0.4; c = 665,2 ± 0,4 pm, Raumgruppe D P2 1 2 1 2 (Nr. 18) orthorhombisch und Z = 4 Formeleinheiten pro Elementarzelle. Die Kristallstruktur von Au 2 ,BaSnS 4 wird beschrieben und zusammen mit den Ergebnissen früherer Untersuchungen an Cu 2 BaSnS 4 [1] und Ag 2 ,BaSnS 4 [2, 3] diskutiert.
AGONIST AND ANTAGONIST ACTIONS OF MORPHINELIKE DRUGS ON THE GUINEA‐PIG ISOLATED ILEUM (1966)

Substitution of the side-chain attached to the N atom of narcotic analgesic drugs of the morphine, morphinan and benzomorphan series leads to compounds which antagonize the action of the parent compounds; nalorphine and levallorphan, the allyl analogues of morphine and levorphanol, are widely used as " narcotic antagonists."However, these and other analogues also exhibit agonist properties; for example, they may act as analgesics and depress respiration (Eddy, Halbach & Braenden, 1957; Lasagna, De Kornfeld & Pearson, 1964).This dual action of the "narcotic antagonists " has also been observed in isolated tissues.Paton (1957a) showed that morphine and nalorphine are equally effective in depressing the electrically induced contraction of the longitudinal muscle of the guinea- pig ileum, and Gyang, Kosterlitz & Lees (1964) found that the same holds for their inhibitory actions on the peristaltic reflex or the graded reflex contraction of the longitudinal muscle.The experiments presented in this paper were planned to analyse more fully the actions of " narcotic agonists " and " narcotic antagonists " on the guinea-pig ileum.
Theretical Considerations of Optical Diffraction from RCA Videodise Signals (1978)

This paper presents exact model calculations of optical diffraction from VideoDisc signals. It describes the simplified model of VideoDisc signal elements used in the calculations. Solutions to the plane-wave and the focused-spot diffraction problems are given. In each case differences between the results of the scalar and the exact theories, and their implications for the optical playback and inspection systems, are pointed out and discussed.
Molecular Diversity via a Convertible Isocyanide in the Ugi Four-Component Condensation (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular Diversity via a Convertible Isocyanide in the Ugi Four-Component CondensationThomas A. Keating and Robert W. ArmstrongCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 29, 7842–7843Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00134a044https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00134a044research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1269Altmetric-Citations141LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Nanoparticle-Enhanced Sensitivity of a Nanogap-Interdigitated Electrode Array Impedimetric Biosensor (2011)

Interdigitated electrode (IDE) arrays with nanometer-scale gaps have been utilized to enhance the sensitivity of affinity-based detection. The geometry of nanogap IDEs was first optimized on the basis of simulations of the electric field and current density. It was determined that the gap (G) between the electrodes was the most important geometric parameter in determining the distribution and strength of the electric field and the current density compared to the width (W) and height (H) of the IDEs. Several devices were materialized and analyzed for their sensitivity to the electrochemical environment using faradic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as the detection technique. Nanogap optimized IDEs were then employed as biosensors for the label-free, affinity-based detection of antitissue transglutaminase antibodies (αtTG-Abs), a biomarker for the detection of autoimmune disorder celiac sprue, triggered by ingesting gluten. The label-free biosensor assay was found to be less sensitive compared to on-chip ELISA. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were then employed to improve the sensitivity of the nanogap IDE-based biosensor. With GNPs, the transducer sensitivity increased by 350% over that of label-free detection. The suitability of nanogap IDEs as biosensor transducers for EIS in label-free and GNP-labeled formats was established. The immunobiosensor assay detection sensitivity with the GNPs was found comparable to ELISA.
Raman spectroscopic characterization and differentiation of seminal plasma (2011)

Raman spectroscopy (RS) was applied for the analysis of seminal plasma in order to detect spectral parameters, which might be used for differentiating the normal and abnormal semen samples. Raman spectra of seminal plasma separated from normal and abnormal semen samples, showed a distinct difference in peak ratios between 1449 and 1418 cm(-1) (P < 0.05). More efficient alternative method of using principal component analysis-linear discriminate analysis based on Raman spectroscopic data yielded a diagnostic sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 82%. The results suggest that RS combined with the multivariate analysis method has the potential for differentiating semen samples by examination of the corresponding seminal plasma.
A systematic design formulation for Butler matrix applied FFT algorithm (1981)

A systematic general design formulation for a Butler matrix ( <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</tex> matrix) is described. The <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</tex> matrix design problem discussed is used to determine phase shift location and value in a matrix, when the number of beam (elements of array) <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">M = 2^{N}</tex> and the scattering matrix for the hybrid couplers are specified. The design formulation presented is based on the fact that a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</tex> matrix design procedure and an FFT algorithm are equivalent in fundamental concepts. It is shown that the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</tex> matrix design procedure can be systematically formulated by the FFT algorithm modifications, which preserves the topological properties of the original signal flow diagram. A simple design formula has been established by this formulation.
Genetic separation of phototropism and blue light inhibition of stem elongation. (1992)

Blue light-induced regulation of cell elongation is a component of the signal response pathway for both phototropic curvature and inhibition of stem elongation in higher plants. To determine if blue light regulates cell elongation in these responses through shared or discrete pathways, phototropism and hypocotyl elongation were investigated in several blue light response mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. Specifically, the blu mutants that lack blue light-dependent inhibition of hypocotyl elongation were found to exhibit a normal phototropic response. In contrast, a phototropic null mutant (JK218) and a mutant that has a 20- to 30-fold shift in the fluence dependence for first positive phototropism (JK224) showed normal inhibition of hypocotyl elongation in blue light. F1 progeny of crosses between the blu mutants and JK218 showed normal phototropism and inhibition of hypocotyl elongation, and approximately 1 in 16 F2 progeny were double mutants lacking both responses. Thus, blue light-dependent inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and phototropism operate through at least some genetically distinct components.
Neutrophil chemotactic factors promote leukocytosis. A common mechanism for cellular recruitment from bone marrow (1992)

We investigated cellular responses in a rabbit to i.v. administration of five established chemotactic factors (leukotriene B4 (LTB4), platelet-activating factor (PAF), C5a, N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (F-MLF), and IL-8), and each exerted a characteristic effect on circulating white blood cell levels. All five factors induced a rapid and transient leukopenia. The blood was nearly devoid of circulating neutrophils 5 min after administration of each chemotactic factor. Other leukocytes were also variably depleted during the leukopenic phase, including eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. The lymphocyte numbers remained significantly depressed (approximately 30%) for as long as 3 h after administration of PAF or f-MLF. Each chemotactic factor produced a marked neutrophilia (i.e., 250-400% of baseline levels) after the initial leukopenia. Eosinophil numbers were elevated along with the neutrophil response in the C5a- and LTB4-treated animals. Basophil levels were significantly elevated only in LTB4-treated animals. The cellular response to PAF, f-MLF, and IL-8 appeared to be specific for the neutrophils. The kinetic profiles of the neutrophilia induced by PAF (10 micrograms/kg) or f-MLF (2.5 micrograms/kg) were similar, with maximal responses occurring 3 to 4 h after administration. In contrast, LTB4 (10 micrograms/kg), IL-8 (2.5 micrograms/kg), and C5a (5 micrograms/kg) induced a more rapid neutrophilia, with peak responses occurring 1 to 1.5 h after injection, and remaining elevated for 3 to 4 h. In all animals the neutrophilia was accompanied by a relative increase in the number of nonsegmented neutrophils (bands), suggesting that a major component of leukocytosis is caused by the release of bone marrow reserves. Phenidone (10 mg/kg), a dual cyclooxygenase/5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, affected neither the neutropenia nor the neutrophilia induced by C5a, f-MLF, or PAF. The protein synthesis inhibitor actinomycin D also failed to suppress neutrophil responses induced by either C5a or PAF. These results suggest that leukocytosis is a common response induced by all neutrophil chemotactic factors. Leukocytosis appears to be a direct result of the dynamic adaptive response of neutrophils to chemotactic factor stimulation without involvement of a secondary mediator system.
Perfect Power Prototype for Illinois Institute of Technology (2014)

Starting in October 2008, Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT), in collaboration with over 20 participating members, led an extensive effort to develop, demonstrate, promote, and commercialize a microgrid system and offer supporting technologies that will achieve Perfect Power at the main campus of IIT. A Perfect Power system, as defined by the Galvin Electricity Initiative (GEI), is a system that cannot fail to meet the electric needs of the individual end-user. The Principle Investigator of this Perfect Power project was Dr. Mohammad Shahidehpour, Director of the Robert W. Galvin Center for Electricity Innovation at IIT. There were six overall objectives of the Perfect Power project: (1) Demonstrate the higher reliability introduced by the microgrid system at IIT; (2) Demonstrate the economics of microgrid operations; (3) Allow for a decrease of fifty percent (50%) of grid electricity load; (4) Create a permanent twenty percent (20%) decrease in peak load from 2007 level; (5) Defer planned substation through load reduction; (6) Offer a distribution system design that can be replicated in urban communities.
Optimizing Inbound Baggage Handling at Airports (2017)

In this paper we consider the planning and scheduling of inbound baggage that is picked up by passengers at the baggage claim hall. Although this is a standard process at airports, to our knowledge there has been no mathematical model proposed in the literature optimizing the inbound baggage handling process. As the inbound baggage handling problem turns out to be NP-hard, we propose a hybrid heuristic combining a greedy randomized adaptive search procedure with a guided fast local search and path-relinking. We demonstrate how we implemented the algorithm at Munich’s Franz Josef Strauss Airport where it is in use to operate the inbound baggage handling process. In a case study, we compare the results of the mathematical model with the solutions of the hybrid heuristic and the solutions provided by the airport. The proposed algorithm reduces baggage peaks at the baggage carousels by 38% and waiting times for passengers by 11%. All computational results are based on an extensive simulation incorporating real world data. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2016.0702 .
On Secrecy Rate of the Generalized Artificial-Noise Assisted Secure Beamforming for Wiretap Channels (2013)

In this paper we consider the secure transmission with multiple-input, single-output, single-antenna eavesdropper (MISOSE) in fast fading channels where the transmitter knows perfect legitimate channel state information but only the statistics of the eavesdropper's channel. For the MISOSE channels, the artificial noise assisted beamforming proposed by Goel and Negi is a promising technique, where the artificial noise is imposed on the null space of the legitimate channel to disrupt the eavesdropper's reception. Here we propose a generalized artificial noise scheme which allows the injection of the artificial noise to the legitimate channel. Although the generalized artificial noise may cause the leakage of artificial noise at the legitimate receiver, the secrecy rate can still be improved since the covariance matrix of it is more flexible than the heuristic one selected by Goel and Negi. To fully characterize the proposed scheme, we investigate the optimization of its secrecy rate. We first derive the conditions under which the beamformers of the message bearing signal and the generalized artificial noise being the same is optimal. Based on this choice, the complicated secrecy rate optimization problem over the covariance matrices of the message-bearing signal and the generalized artificial noise can be reduced to a much simpler power allocation problem. We also develop an efficient algorithm to solve this non-convex power allocation problem. Numerical results show that our generalized artificial noise scheme outperforms Goel and Negi's heuristic selection, especially in the near eavesdropper settings. In particular, with the aid of the proposed scheme, the regime with non-zero secrecy rate is enlarged, which can significantly improve the connectivity of the network.