gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Maturation of human dendritic cells as sulfasalazine target. (2001)

Maturing human dendritic cells are hundred-fold more sensitive to sulfasalazine than T cells and NK cells and the most sensitive human cells described so far. Thus, dendritic cell maturation is an important target of sulfasalazine. Because of the role of dendritic cells in (auto)immunity, inhibition of their maturation might provide a target for further optimization of sulfasalazine therapy.
Shadow Corrosion Mechanism of Zircaloy (2005)

Abstract The mechanism of Zircaloy shadow corrosion was studied theoretically and experimentally. The theoretical study showed shadow corrosion, with a few exceptions, to be remarkably consistent with a galvanic corrosion mechanism. The exceptions may be explained as radiation effects. An experiment was therefore devised to test the galvanic hypothesis, based on the fact that galvanic corrosion requires a closed current loop. Three pieces of Zircaloy cladding with stainless steel counter electrodes were exposed in-pile. Two of the claddings were galvanically coupled to the counters. The third cladding was well insulated by fitting it to a 100 mm sapphire tube. The claddings were irradiated together in oxidizing water chemistry for one reactor period. The galvanically coupled claddings developed shadow corrosion, but not the well insulated cladding.
The Role of NSAIDs in Breast Cancer Prevention and Relapse: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives (2016)

Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have received considerable interest as potential chemopreventive agents. The aim of this review is to summarize the accumulated knowledge on the effect of NSAIDs on breast cancer incidence and natural history, and the underlying pathophysiology. NSAIDs mainly block inflammation by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes, leading to lower prostaglandin synthesis. The latter has been reported to affect breast cancer risk through hormonal and inflammation-related pathways. Intensity, dose, frequency, duration, and timing of administration may also be significant. There is currently enough evidence to support a role of NSAIDs in breast cancer prevention and relapse, which deserves further large-scale experimental and clinical investigation.
Band gap engineering of wurtzite and zinc-blende GaN/AlN superlattices from first principles (2010)

Based on all-electron density functional theory calculations, we systematically investigate the electronic structure of (0001)-oriented wurtzite (wz) and (111)-, (100)-, and (110)-oriented zinc-blende (zb) GaN/AlN superlattices, where the band gap, strength of the electric field and their correlation with biaxial stain as a function of the superlattice thickness are calculated. For the polar wz-(0001) and zb-(111) systems, the band gap values are found to continuously decrease with increasing thickness of the superlattice period due to the built-in electric field. By mapping the core-level shift, we demonstrate the presence of spontaneous polarization in both wz-(0001) and zb-(111) superlattices. The built-in electric field is calculated to be about 5.1±0.3 and 1.4±0.4 MV/cm in the “free-standing” (fully relaxed) wz-(0001) and zb-(111) superlattices, respectively. Strain-induced piezoelectric polarizations are estimated to contribute only about 5% for the wz-(0001) superlattice, and about 30% for the zb-(111) systems. The zb-(100) and (110) superlattices are characterized by flat core-level bands in the well and barrier regions. The zb-(100) superlattices are predicted to have a stronger quantum confinement than the zb-(110) superlattices. In both systems, confinement effects lead to a marked band gap increase with decreasing thickness of the superlattice period.
Chiral separations : methods and protocols (2004)

Methods for enantiomer separation are very important for controlling synthesis, for checking racemization, for enantiomeric purity control, and for pharmacokinetic studies. In Chiral Separations: Methods and Protocols, prominent experts from around the world detail the chromatographic and electroseparation techniques they have developed for chiral separations on an analytical scale. Described in step-by-step detail to ensure successful experimental results, the procedures are presented as either general methods or as specific applications to substance classes and special compounds, with emphasis on high performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis techniques, but also including thin layer chromotogrphic, gas chromatographic, and supercritical fluid chromatographic as well as recent electrochromotographic techniques. Each fully tested protocol includes an introduction to the principle underlying the method, equipment and reagent lists, and helpful notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Up-to-date and highly practical, Chiral Separations: Methods and Protocols will help both novice and advanced users not only choose optimal methods for their separation problems, but also readily obtain successful results
Development of Assembly for Fast BOD Estimation and Its Applications (1994)

A microbial BOD sensor for the continuous estimation of BOD was been developed by immobilizing Trichosporon cutaneum, which was immobilized between a dialysis and a gas-permeable membrane, on an oxygen electrode. The optimum pH and temperature for BOD measurement using this sensor were pH 7.0 and , respectively. The best result was obtained at 2~3ml/min flow rate in 0.1M phosphate buffer solution. A linear relationship was observed between and the concentration of standard GGA solution below 60mg/l(90ppm ). The reproducibility was found to be within 3% for the standard solution containing glucose 30mg/l and glutamic acid 30mg/l. The output DO value of this sensor was almost constant for 30 dalys. The response time and the recovery time were about 5 and 10 min, respectively. This sensor was employed for the BOD measurement of waste pollutants and was compared with method.
Electrolytic reduction of molecular nitrogen (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTElectrolytic reduction of molecular nitrogenEugene E. Van Tamelen and Bjorn AkermarkCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1968, 90, 16, 4492–4493Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01018a074RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views405Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (299 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Stochastic process customer lifetime value models with time-varying covariates (2016)

<p>Customer lifetime value (CLV) is a forecasted expectation of the future value of a customer to the firm. There are two customer behavioral components of CLV that represent a particular modeling challenge: 1) how many transactions we expect from a customer in the future, and 2) how likely it is the customer remains active. Existing CLV models like the Pareto/NBD are valuable managerial tools because they are able to provide forward-looking estimates of transaction patterns and customer churn when the event of a customer leaving is unobservable, which is typical for most noncontractual goods and services.</p> <p>The CLV model literature has for the most part maintained its original assumption that the number of customer transactions follows a stable transaction process. Yet there are many categories of noncontractual goods and services where the stable transaction rate assumption is violated, particularly seasonal purchase patterns. CLV model estimates are further biased when there is an excess of customers with no repeat transactions.</p> <p>To address these modeling challenges, within this thesis I develop a generalized CLV modeling framework that combines three elements necessary to reduce bias in model estimates: 1) the incorporation of time-varying covariates to model data with transaction rates that change over time, 2) a zero-inflated model specification for customers with no repeat transactions, and 3) generalizes to different transaction process distributions to better fit diverse customer transaction patterns. This CLV modeling framework provides firms better estimates of the future activity of their customers, a critical CRM application.</p>
An Efficient Path Pruning Algorithm for Geographical Routing in Wireless Networks (2008)

Geographical routing is powerful for its ability to discover a path to the destination without the help of global states. However, stateless geographical routing usually involves a large number of hops when detouring around voids of the network. In this paper, we propose an efficient path pruning (PP) strategy to reduce the excessive number of hops caused by the detouring mode of geographical routing protocols. The PP algorithm finds routing shortcuts by exploiting the channel listening capability of wireless nodes and is able to reduce a large number of hops with the help of a little state information passively maintained by a subset of nodes on the route. We also discuss algorithm properties and implementation considerations and provide simulation results demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in shortening the routing path and improving delivery rate when it is applied to existing geographical routing protocols.
Short-Term Efficacy of Intravenous Pulse Glucocorticoids in Acute Discogenic Sciatica. A Randomized Controlled Trial (2006)

Although an IV bolus of glucocorticoids provides a short-term improvement in leg pain in patients with acute discogenic sciatica, its effects are transient and have small magnitude.
[Organ transplantation: development, possibilities, socioeconomic aspects]. (1989)

The dramatic development in clinical organ transplantation has been continued and expanded. Due to the discovery and clinical application of Cyclosporin A--the most potent immunosuppressive drug so far known--the results (1-year-graft survival rate) in the field of kidney, pancreas, liver and heart transplantation have drastically improved. This has led to a remarkable widening of indications for the different types of organ transplantation. The surgical technique of organ transplantation has been solved in kidney, liver, and heart transplantation, but remains to be solved in pancreatic transplantation. The evaluation from the medical-insurance--print of view of this surgical treatment should be restricted to successfully kidney transplanted patients at the time being. It has to be stressed that a success can be assessed only from the 2nd year post-transplant on words. According to considerations on the basis of medical insurance high risk factors have to be distinguished in regard to the transplant (e.g. poor HLA-matching) as well as to the patients (age, secondary diseases, etc.).
Effect of Buffer and pH on Detergent-Assisted Foam Fractionation of Cellulase (2005)

Foam fractionation can be used to concentrate hydrophobic proteins (such as bovine serum albumin) in solution. However, it cannot be used directly to concentrate cellulase because cellulase solution alone produces only a small amount of foam when aerated. The addition of a surfactant to a cellulase solution makes it possible to foam nonfoaming proteins, such as cellulase. In this paper, three surfactants, namely, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, a cationic detergent), sodium dedecyl sulfate (SDS, an anionic detergent), and pluronic F-68 (a nonionic detergent), were individually added to a 200 mg/L cellulase solution and then aerated. The addition of these surfactants increased the amount of foam produced and enhanced the volume of foamate, the collapsed foam product. The detergent CTAB exhibited the highest enrichment and mass recovery ratios of the three detergents tested. Small changes in the pH in the cellulase foam fractionation process had a strong effect on the cellulase enrichment ratio. At an air flow rate of 4 mL/min, the enrichment ratio at pH 5.0 was 2.7, whereas the enrichment ratios at pH 4.8, 5.2, and 5.5 were less than 2.0. Increases in the buffer concentration resulted in increases in the mass recovery and decreases in the enrichment ratio.
Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 Acetylation by p300 Enhances Its DNA Binding Activity, Transcriptional Activity, and Myogenic Differentiation (2005)

Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) family proteins are key transcription factors controlling gene expression in myocytes, lymphocytes, and neurons. MEF2 proteins are known to be regulated by phosphorylation. We now provide evidence showing that MEF2C is acetylated by p300 both in vitro and in vivo. In C2C12 myogenic cells, MEF2 is preferentially acetylated in differentiating myocytes but not in undifferentiated myoblasts. Several major acetylation sites are mapped to the transactivation domain of MEF2C, some of which are fully conserved in other MEF2 members from several different species. Mutation of these lysines affects MEF2 DNA binding and transcriptional activity, as well as its synergistic effect with myogenin in myogenic conversion assays. When introduced into C2C12 myoblasts, the nonacetylatable MEF2C inhibits myogenic differentiation. Thus, in addition to phosphorylation, MEF2 activity is also critically regulated by acetylation during myogenesis.
Enhanced Electron Transfer by Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Superoxide Dismutase (1991)

We have previously shown that unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) facilitate electron transfer between iron centers such as ferrous iron and ferricytochrome C. Extending this concept to a more physiologic model of fatty acids associated with proteins, we find that electron transfer is also enhanced in this model. While investigating whether free superoxide was involved in this electron transfer, we discovered that superoxide dismutase (SOD) enhanced the electron transfer. While the mechanism of electron transfer is unknown, the above findings are consistent with UFA and SOD participating in membrane redox systems.
Resveratrol inhibition of lipid peroxidation (2000)

To define the molecular mechanism(s) of resveratrol inhibition of lipid peroxidation we have utilized model systems that allow us to study the different reactions involved in this complex process. Resveratrol proved (a) to inhibit more efficiently than either Trolox or ascorbate the Fe2+ catalyzed lipid hydroperoxide-dependent peroxidation of sonicated phosphatidylcholine liposomes; (b) to be less effective than Trolox in inhibiting lipid peroxidation initiated by the water soluble AAPH peroxyl radicals; (c) when exogenously added to liposomes, to be more potent than alpha-tocopherol and Trolox, in the inhibition of peroxidation initiated by the lipid soluble AMVN peroxyl radicals; (d) when incorporated within liposomes, to be a less potent chain-breaking antioxidant than alpha-tocopherol; (e) to be a weaker antiradical than alpha-tocopherol in the reduction of the stable radical DPPH*. Resveratrol reduced Fe3+ but its reduction rate was much slower than that observed in the presence of either ascorbate or Trolox. However, at the concentration inhibiting iron catalyzed lipid peroxidation, resveratrol did not significantly reduce Fe3+, contrary to ascorbate. In their complex, our data indicate that resveratrol inhibits lipid peroxidation mainly by scavenging lipid peroxyl radicals within the membrane, like alpha-tocopherol. Although it is less effective, its capacity of spontaneously entering the lipid environment confers on it great antioxidant potential.
Simple Divergence-Free Fields for Artistic Simulation (2005)

We discuss tools for calculating divergence-free fields for artistic particle simulations. We introduce a simple, fast divergence-free noise function which can be used for turbulence. We also describe how the interpolation technique used by the noise function can be used for calculating artist-controlled divergence-free fields. The artist can create realistic unbounded flow fields without the complexity or memory cost of voxel-grid methods.
Development of an Emotion Recognition Robot using a Vision Method (2006)

This paper deals with the robot system of recognizing human’s expression from a detected human’s face and then showing human’s emotion. A face detection method is as follows. First, change RGB color space to CIElab color space. Second, extract skin candidate territory . Third, detect a face through facial geometrical interrelation by face filter. Then, the position of eyes, a nose and a mouth which are used as the preliminary data of expression recognition are distinguished using geometrical features. Usually, when a person shows expression, he uses eyebrows, eyes and a mouth. In this paper, the change of eyebrows and a mouth are used as a feature value of expression recognition. Feature values which are gained in this way are sent to a robot through serial communication. Then the robot operates a motor that is installed and shows human’s expression. Experimental results on 10 persons show 78.15% accuracy. Keyword: emotion recognition, robot, face detection, serial communication
Abstract: Strathspey Vertical-Cable Seismic Survey: A North Sea First (1998)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Computer program for thin-wire structures in a homogeneous conducting medium (1974)

A computer program is presented for thin-wire antennas and scatters in a homogeneous conducting medium. The anaylsis is performed in the real or complex frequency domain. The program handles insulated and bare wires with finite conductivity and lumped loads. The output data includes the current distribution, impedance, radiation efficiency, gain, absorption cross section, scattering cross section, echo area and the polarization scattering matrix. The program uses sinusoidal bases and Galerkin's method.
Effect of a Stick on the Gas Turbulence Structure in a Cyclone Separator (2005)

Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) was used to measure the turbulence structure of the flow field in a cyclone separator. The measurement results showed that a stick inserted in the cyclone changed the distribution of the flow field. A flow wake region downstream the stick decreased the tangential velocity and increased the turbulence intensity. The size and shape of the stick cross-section had a remarkable effect on the distribution of the flow wake and the turbulence structure of the flow field. The changes of the flow field explained how the stick reduced the pressure drop over the cyclone.
Functional analysis of CHX21: a putative sodium transporter in Arabidopsis (2006)

The functional role of CHX21, a member of the Arabidopsis thaliana CHX cation transporter family, has been investigated in plants growing under "ideal" conditions and in the presence of elevated NaCl levels. In public databases, AtCHX21 (At2g31910) is annotated as a putative Na+/H+ antiporter. In this study, Southern analysis was used to identify a genotype that contained a single transposon insertion within its genome; using PCR, this insertion was shown to be within the CHX21 locus. No CHX21 transcript was detectable in Atchx21 (mutant) plants using RT-PCR. In the absence of salt stress, Atchx21 showed significant quantitative differences from the wild type (AtCHX21) in development with respect to characters such as rosette width and flowering time. In the presence of 50 mM NaCl, (i) roots of Atchx21 elongated more slowly than the wild type, (ii) the leaf sap Na+ concentration was significantly lower in Atchx21 compared with the wild type, and (iii) the concentra) in the xylem was lower compared with the wild type. The concentration of Na+ exported from the leaf in the phloem was unchanged. Thus, loading of Na+ into the root xylem could explain changes in leaf concentration of Na+. This hypothesis was supported by immunolocalization which demonstrated that the AtCHX21 transporter could only be detected in root endodermal cells. Immunogold labelling of ultra-thin sections, followed by transmission electron microscopy, demonstrated the localization of the protein in the plasma membrane. The data demonstrate that the CHX21 transporter may play a role in regulation of xylem Na+ concentration and, consequently, Na+ accumulation in the leaf.
Automatic recognition of induction variables and recurrence relations by abstract interpretation (1990)

The recognition of recurrence relations is important in several ways to the compilation of programs. Induction variables, the simplest form of recurrence, are pivotal in loop optimizations and dependence testing. Many recurrence relations, although expressed sequentially by the programmer, lend themselves to efficient vector or parallel computation. Despite the importance of recurrences, vectorizing and parallelizing compilers to date have recognized them only in an ad-hoc fashion. In this paper we put forth a systematic method for recognizing recurrence relations automatically. Our method has two parts. First, abstract interpretation [CC77, CC79] is used to construct a map that associates each variable assigned in a loop with a symbolic form (expression) of its value. Second, the elements of this map are matched with patterns that describe recurrence relations. The scheme is easily extensible by the addition of templates, and is able to recognize nested recurrences by the propagation of the closed forms of recurrences from inner loops. We present some applications of this method and a proof of its correctness.