gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Trace elements in soils and plants: An overview (1999)

Abstract The movement of both essential and non‐essential trace elements through agricultural ecosystems and food chains is a complex phenomenon. Such elements as As, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, U, V, and Zn, are generally present in soils in low concentrations but concentrations may be elevated because of natural processes and human activities, such as fossil fuel combustion, mining, smelting, sludge amendment to soil, fertilizer application, and agricultural practices. Although a significant effort has been expended over the past 40 years to evaluate and quantify the transfer of trace elements from soils to plants, more attention needs to be given to mechanisms within the soil and plant systems, which influence their solubility, chemical speciation, mobility, and uptake by and transport in plants. The prediction of movement of trace elements in the agricultural ecosystem must be partially based on understanding the soil and plant processes governing chemical form and the uptake and behavior of trace elements within plants.
Immunotherapeutic Intervention against Sarcomas (2011)

Advances in systemic therapy for sarcoma have produced, over the last two decades, relatively short-term benefits for the majority of patient. Among the novel biologic therapeutics that will likely increase our ability to cure human cancer in the years to come, immunotherapy is one of the most promising approaches. While past attempts to use immunotherapy have failed to dramatically shift the paradigm of care for the treatment of patients with sarcoma, major advances in basic and translational research have resulted, in more recent years, in clinical trial activity that is now beginning to generate promising results. However, to move from "proof of principle" to large scale clinical applicability, we need well-designed, multi-institutional clinical trials, along with continuous laboratory research to explore further the immunological characteristics of individual sarcoma subtypes and the consequent tailoring of therapy.
Access control meets public key infrastructure, or: assigning roles to strangers (2002)

The Internet enables connectivity between many strangers: entities that don't know each other. We present the Trust Policy Language (TPL), used to define the mapping of strangers to predefined business roles, based on certificates issued by third parties. TPL is expressive enough to allow complex policies, e.g. non-monotone (negative) certificates, while being simple enough to allow automated policy checking and processing. Issuers of certificates are either known in advance, or provide sufficient certificates to be considered a trusted authority according to the policy. This allows bottom-up, "grass roots" buildup of trust, as in the real world. We extend, rather than replace, existing role based access control mechanisms. This provides a simple, modular architecture and easy migration from existing systems. Our system automatically collects missing certificates from peer servers. In particular this allows use of standard browsers, which pass only one certificate to the server. We describe our implementation, which can be used as an extension of a Web server or as a separate server with interface to applications.
Abstract 001: Mutation in the PPARγ Ligand Binding Domain Impairs the Anti-inflammatory Action of PPARγ (2015)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) has been proposed to antagonize the activities of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) to regulate inflammation. Transgenic mice expressing dominant negative (DN) PPARγ specifically in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) exhibited exacerbated atherosclerosis but the mechanism remains unknown. We hypothesized that DN PPARγ promotes NFκB-induced inflammation in SMC. To test this, we cultured mesenteric SMCs from transgenic mice that would conditionally express wild-type (WT) or DN PPARγ (P467L) in response to adenovirus expressing Cre-recombinase (AdCRE). PPARγ expression remained silent in control SMC infected with AdGFP. TNF-α (0.05 ng/ml, 6 hr) induced NFκB target gene (MCP-1, iNOS and MMP9) expression to a greater extent in P467L-Cre compared to P467L-GFP. For example, MMP9 expression was induced 6.3±0.2-fold in P467L-Cre vs 3.2±0.5-fold in P467L-GFP (p<0.01). The NFκB subunit, p65, mRNA level was not altered in these cells. There was no induction of the PPARγ target aP2 in P467L-Cre, but it was induced 6.5±1.7-fold in WT-SMC infected with AdCRE (WT-Cre). The ability of TNF-α to induce NFκB target gene expression was blunted or abrogated in WT-Cre cells, and their expression was significantly reduced in TNF-α-treated WT-Cre compared to WT-GFP (MMP9: 0.7±1.2 vs 6.0±0.3, p<0.01). To examine mechanisms in vivo, we crossbred transgenic mice expressing WT PPARγ specifically in SMC (S-WT) with mice expressing luciferase under control of a NFκB-responsive promoter. TNF-α (500 ng/ml, 24 hr)-induced NFκB activity was decreased in aorta and carotid artery from S-WT mice compared to control mice (aorta: 4.7±1.1 v s 6.7±0.7, p<0.05, carotid artery: 4.0±0.6 vs 8.7±1.2, p<0.01). Finally, to assess the mechanism preventing anti-inflammatory activity by DN PPARγ, we assessed its interaction with p65 protein when co-expressed in HEK293T cells. WT PPARγ co-precipitated with p65, but the interaction between p65 and P467L PPARγ was severely impaired (n=6). Other mutants (R165T, V290M) could bind to p65, suggesting that loss of the ability is specific to P467L PPARγ. We conclude that SMC-PPARγ has anti-inflammatory effects mediated through inhibition of NFκB activity, which is abolished by P467L mutation.
Primary Extracranial Meningioma of the Maxillary Antrum (1997)

A case of primary extracranial meningioma of the maxillary antrum is reported. A 45-year-old male presented with symptoms of chronic sinusitis. Imaging studies showed a soft tissue mass with calcification, filling the maxillary antrum. The mass was removed surgically, and pathological studies revealed a ribroblastic meningioma. The maxillary antrum is an uncommon location of primary extracranial meningioma, and our case is the sixth to be reported in that location.
Concrete Deterioration in High Chloride and Sulfate Environment and Repair Strategies (1991)

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Relationship between CRP and hypofibrinolysis: Is this a possible mechanism to explain the association between CRP and outcome in critically ill patients? (2004)

BACKGROUND-: Endothelial cell dysfunction may be implicated in the development of multiple organ failure (MOF) by a number of mechanisms. Among these, altered fibrinolysis promotes fibrin deposition, which may create microvascular alterations during inflammation. Elevated concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), especially when these persist over time, are correlated with an increased risk of MOF and death. CRP may inhibit fibrinolysis by inducing plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) release from human aortic endothelial cells. Moreover, the administration of recombinant CRP in volunteers may increase circulating PAI-1 levels.In this study, we tested the hypothesis that CRP is associated with hypofibrinolysis in intensive care patients with and without sepsis. METHODS-: We studied the association of inflammation and abnormal fibrinolysis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with (n = 11) and without (n = 21) sepsis. The inflammatory response was assessed by serum concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of the acute phase reaction, which increase rapidly in the inflammatory response, and the plasma fibrinolytic capacity was evaluated by the Euglobulin Clot Lysis Time (ECLT), determined by a new semi-automatic method. RESULTS-: ECLT was significantly higher in septic than non-septic patients (1104 +/- 439 vs 665 +/- 275 min; p = 0.002) and was significantly correlated with CRP concentration (R2 = 0.45; p < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, CRP was the strongest predictor of ECLT (R2 = 0.51, F = 25.6, p < 0.001). In addition, the overall ICU length of stay was significantly correlated with CRP (R2 = 0.264, p = 0.003) and ECLT (R2 = 0.259, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION-: In critically ill patients a significant correlation thus exists between plasma fibrinolytic capacity and serum CRP levels. Our data were obtained in the first 24 hours of ICU admission or of sepsis, thus, the relation between CRP and hypofibrinolysis appeared very quickly. This finding is compatible with a link between inflammation and abnormal fibrinolysis, and may explain the negative prognostic value of CRP in critically ill patients.
Transverse cusp caustics produced by reflection and transmission: The caustic surface and optical simulations (1987)

High-frequency sound reflected from curved surfaces or refracted by inhomogeneities may produce cusped caustics that open up roughly transverse to the direction of propagation. Though the better-known longitudinal cusp or arête is produced by a concave cylindrical wave front, transverse cusps are produced by distinctly noncylindrical wave fronts of the form W(x,y) = − (a1x2 + a2y2x + a3y2), where a2≠0 and the distance z to the observation plane ≠ (−2a1)−1 [Marston, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 81, 226–232 (1987)]. The wave front propagates in the z direction and in the orthogonal (u,v) observation plane the caustic has the form D(u − uc)3 = v2. The present research is concerned with the caustic surface generated by considering the z dependence of the caustic parameters D and uc. Reflection and transmission problems that lead to this W(x,y) in the paraxial approximation are discussed as well as a novel property of merging rays. Sound radiated by a point source so as to reflect from a surface whose height relative to the xy plane is of the form h1x2 + h2 y2x + h3 y2 produces a transverse cusp. The reflected wavefield is described by the Pearcey function. Transverse cusps were simulated by reflecting light from a surface of this form. [Work supported by ONR.]
Comparação entre imagens periapicais e de tomografia computadorizada volumétrica na avaliação de perdas ósseas alveolares (2010)

As radiografias interproximais e periapicais sao as mais indicadas para avaliacao periodontal, porem apresentam limitacoes no diagnostico da condicao ossea. A tomografia computadorizada volumetrica tem sido o recurso de imagem mais utilizado quando ha necessidade de avaliacao tridimensional em Odontologia. O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar radiografias periapicais e imagens tomograficas volumetricas na deteccao e localizacao de perdas osseas alveolares, por meio da comparacao de medidas lineares da altura, profundidade e largura dos defeitos e identificacao dos defeitos osseos combinados nas imagens tomograficas. As imagens foram selecionadas a partir de um banco de dados
secundario contendo imagens de pacientes com indicacao para avaliacao periodontal. A amostra foi composta por 51 sitios apresentando perdas osseas horizontais e verticais avaliados por tres examinadores previamente treinados. Os
resultados mostraram que os metodos de imagem comparados nao apresentaram diferencas estatisticamente significantes entre si quanto a identificacao do padrao da perda ossea. Entretanto, as medidas da distância entre a juncao cementoesmalte (JCE) a crista alveolar (CA), apresentaram diferencas entre os dois metodos. Quando comparadas as medidas da distância da JCE ao ponto mais fundo do defeito e da largura do defeito, os metodos nao apresentaram diferencas estatisticamente significantes. Neste estudo 30,77% dos 39 dentes avaliados apresentavam defeitos osseos combinados. Concluiu-se que os dois metodos
apresentam diferencas na deteccao da altura da crista ossea alveolar, porem com visualizacao similar da profundidade e largura dos defeitos osseos. A tomografia computadorizada volumetrica foi o unico metodo que permitiu analise das faces
vestibular e lingual/palatina e melhor visualizacao da morfologia do defeito.
On-line human motion transition and control for humanoid upper body manipulation (2010)

This paper represents the method to manipulate the objects with the upper body of a humanoid robot by capturing human motions in real-time. To control the upper body of a humanoid robot and make it behave as a human does, we define several virtual spring-damper elements between the humanoid robot and the human. The resultant motions given by the virtual forces of the elements lead the humanoid robot to move as the human acts. We employ the forward dynamics formulation to represent the dynamics model of humanoid upper body as an articulated body system with those virtual spring-damper elements for obtaining the resultant motions. Due to considering the whole dynamics of upper body, it is easy to resolve the ill-posedness or singularity of inverse kinematics problem and to involve external forces. The present method may be of use in teaching a humanoid robot working skills or detailed motions of a human. For validating the proposed method, we transited human motions to a humanoid robot using a motion capture system and controlled the robot to grasp an object passed by a person simultaneously.
Demonstration of opposing thermal sensitivities in hollow-core fibers with open and sealed ends (2019)

The output phase and propagation time of an optical signal propagating through a hollow-core optical fiber (HCF) drift with changes in environmental temperature significantly less than in conventional optical fibers. In all earlier experimental studies, however, the simplifying assumption was made that the thermo-optic effect of air was negligible. In this Letter, we present, to the best of our knowledge, the first experimental demonstration that the air inside a HCF core can make an appreciable contribution to the fiber's thermal sensitivity with the performance depending on whether the fiber is open to the atmosphere or sealed at both ends (e.g., spliced to solid fiber pigtails). We measure both the sensitivity of the accumulated phase as well as the signal propagation time for both open and sealed HCF and show that these are opposite in sign. Most importantly, we show that the thermal sensitivity contribution from the air inside an open HCF has the sign opposite to the effect of fiber elongation (which is otherwise the dominant effect responsible for the overall thermal sensitivity of HCF). We then go on to show that these two effects can be used to balance each other out in order to achieve zero thermal sensitivity for both accumulated phase and propagation time. We demonstrate this property experimentally over a large spectral range.
A Note on Ideal Spaces of Banach Algebras (1998)

In a previous paper, the second author introduced a compact topology τr on the space of closed ideals of a unital Banach algebra A. If A is separable, then τr is either metrizable or else neither Hausdorff nor first countable. Here it is shown that τr is Hausdorff if A is C1[0, 1], but that if A is a uniform algebra, then τr is Hausdorff if and only if A has spectral synthesis. An example is given of a strongly regular, uniform algebra for which every maximal ideal has a bounded approximate identity, but which does not have spectral synthesis. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification 46H10.
Photon Correlation Measurement of Ion Oscillation Frequencies in a Combined Trap (1992)

Abstract We present experimental verification of the oscillation frequencies of magnesium ions in a combined trap for a wide range of a.c. voltages and magnetic fields. We employ a new technique to measure these trap resonances using the distribution of time intervals between consecutively detected fluorescence photons.
OFDM-IDM Space-Time Coding in two-hop relay-systems with error-prone relays (2012)

In this paper, the combination of distributed Interleave-Division-Multiplexing-Space-Time Codes (IDM-STCs) with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) in two-hop relay systems applying Decode-and-Forward (DF) is investigated. In order to cope with erroneous decoding at the relays, a model to capture the decoding reliabilities of the relays is formulated and a method to incorporate these reliabilities in the iterative detection process at the destination is presented. In addition, different approaches to keep the required signaling overhead low are discussed and compared with each other. It is shown, that the proposed scheme achieves significant gains over the common DF detection scheme assuming perfect decoding at the relays. Even with only one bit signaling per frame and relay an improvement of 3.6 dB can be obtained in certain scenarios.
Cyclic Sulfones. VI. Synthesis and Reactions of 4-Hydroxythiaepane 1,1-Dioxide<sup>1</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCyclic Sulfones. VI. Synthesis and Reactions of 4-Hydroxythiaepane 1,1-Dioxide1C. G. Overberger and A. KatchmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 9, 1965–1968Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01590a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01590a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views90Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cross‐Metathesis of Propane and Methane: A Catalytic Reaction of CC Bond Cleavage of a Higher Alkane by Methane (2004)

Methan, ein Baustein für Grundchemikalien: Beim Überleiten einer Methan/Propan-Mischung über einen Tantalhydridkatalysator bei 250 °C wird Propan durch den Einbau einer Methaneinheit in zwei Ethanmoleküle überführt. Diese Reaktion entspricht einer Kreuzmetathese von Propan und Methan (siehe Schema). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2004/z460982_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Cervical Spine Dysfunctions in Patients With Chronic Subjective Tinnitus (2014)

Although a higher prevalence of neck dysfunction was found in the CST group, neck dysfunction is often in non-CST patients.
Psychophysical investigations into the neural basis of synaesthesia (2001)

We studied two otherwise normal, synaesthetic subjects who 'saw' a specific colour every time they saw a specific number or letter. We conducted four experiments in order to show that this was a genuine perceptual experience rather than merely a memory association. (i) The synaesthetically induced colours could lead to perceptual grouping, even though the inducing numerals or letters did not. (ii) Synaesthetically induced colours were not experienced if the graphemes were presented peripherally. (iii) Roman numerals were ineffective: the actual number grapheme was required. (iv) If two graphemes were alternated the induced colours were also seen in alternation. However, colours were no longer experienced if the graphemes were alternated at more than 4 Hz. We propose that grapheme colour synaesthesia arises from 'cross-wiring' between the 'colour centre' (area V4 or V8) and the 'number area', both of which lie in the fusiform gyrus. We also suggest a similar explanation for the representation of metaphors in the brain: hence, the higher incidence of synaesthesia among artists and poets.
Computer Science: Not Just for Nerds Anymore (2007)

We chat with Prof. Mark Guzdial, director of undergraduate programs in the College of Computing at Georgia Tech about novel computer science education approaches
A Study on Frequency-Dependent Parameters and Sunde's Formulas of a Counterpoise (2007)

This paper investigates frequency-dependent parameters of a counterpoise which are identified from measured voltages and currents by a numerical optimization technique. Based on the investigation, the frequency characteristics of the impedance and the admittance are made clear. Then, Sunde's formulas of the frequency-dependent impedance and admittance, which are not widely used because of requiring iterative calculations to determine the final values, are compared with the measured results. It appears that Sunde's iterative formulas show a similar trend to the frequency-dependent parameters identified from the measured results, and can be adopted in a frequency lower than 100kHz. However above the frequency, the formula is case sensitive and is not reliable.
<i>Ab initio</i>theory of surface segregation: Self-consistent determination of the concentration profile (1996)

The parameters of the effective Ising Hamiltonian governing segregation and ordering phenomena in the surface region of an alloy are determined from first principles. Employing the force theorem, the total energy of semi-infinite disordered alloys is mapped onto an Ising Hamiltonian. The band term is treated within the generalized perturbation method, and, in addition, the contributions to the on-site terms of the Ising Hamiltonian from core states, and the double-counting and Madelung terms are included. The concentration profile is determined by using Monte Carlo simulations. The electronic structure and the Ising Hamiltonian parameters are then recalculated for the profile, and the whole procedure is repeated until self-consistency between the electronic and atomic structures of the alloy surface is achieved. As an illustration, the results for an fcc(001) surface of the Cu-Ni alloys as calculated within the all-electron fully relativistic tight-binding linear-muffin-tin-orbital coherent potential approximation method are discussed. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.