gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Acquired lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency in nephrotic syndrome (2001)

Lecithin-cholesterol acetyltransferase (LCAT) is involved in the synthesis of plasma cholesteryl esters and is pivotal in the maturation of plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and conversion of HDL3 to HDL2. In nephrotic syndrome (NS), the ratio of HDL2 to HDL3 is low even though the total concentration of HDL is generally normal. We hypothesize that the reduced HDL2/HDL3 ratio in NS is due to urinary losses of LCAT, leading to plasma LCAT deficiency. To test this hypothesis, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to NS (given 130 mg puromycin aminonucleoside on day 1 and 60 mg ip on day 14) or control groups and were studied on day 30. To dissect the effect of proteinuria from hypoalbuminemia, a group of Nagase rats with inherited hypoalbuminemia was included. Hepatic LCAT and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA abundance and plasma and urine LCAT activity were measured. The NS group showed a fourfold rise in serum cholesterol and triglycerides, a fivefold rise in free cholesterol, and a fourfold fall in the HDL-to-total cholesterol ratio. Despite severe hypoalbuminemia, the Nagase rats showed only a mild elevation of serum cholesterol and triglycerides with a normal serum free cholesterol and HDL-to-total cholesterol ratio. The NS group exhibited a normal hepatic LCAT-to-GAPDH mRNA ratio, a marked reduction in plasma LCAT activity, and a significant increase in urinary LCAT excretion. LCAT/GAPDH mRNA and plasma and urine LCAT were normal in Nagase rats. Thus NS led to heavy urinary losses and reduced plasma concentration of LCAT, despite normal hepatic LCAT mRNA abundance. However, hypoalbuminemia, per se, without proteinuria as seen in the Nagase rats had no effect on plasma LCAT or the HDL-to-total cholesterol ratio. Therefore, proteinuria, not hypoalbuminemia, causes LCAT deficiency and a depressed HDL-to-total cholesterol ratio in NS.
‘Nearly instantaneous’ digital compandor for transmitting six sound-programme signals in a 2.048 Mbit/s multiplex (1973)

A ‘near-instantaneous’ digital compandor for the transmission of high-quality sound signals is described that reduces the bit rate from 416 kbit/s to about 322 kbit/s per channel without noticeable impairment of the sound quality. Hence six audio channels can be multiplexed to form a 2.048 Mbit/s stream including frame synchronisation and transmission error-protection facilities.
Author response for "DIUTHAME offers higher reproducibility than DHB, a widely used matrix in FT‐ICR mass spectrometry imaging analysis" (2021)

Desorption ionization using through-hole alumina membrane offers higher reproducibility than 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, a widely used matrix in Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging analysis
Influence of side groups on the performance of infrared absorbing aza‐BODIPY organic solar cells (2015)

Abstract Abstractauthoren Organic solar cells are a promising technology for a large area conversion of sunlight into electricity. In particular for solar cells based on oligomers (small molecules), efficient donor materials absorbing wavelengths larger than 780 nm are still rare. Here, we investigate three aza‐BODIPY dyes absorbing in the infrared. The addition of side groups leads to a red shift of the optical gap from 802 to 818 nm. In optimized devices using these donors in a bulk heterojunction with , we observe a higher charge carrier mobility and a higher power conversion efficiency for the molecules without a methyl or methoxy side group lowering the molecular reorganization energy. Surprisingly, the donor–acceptor blend with the lowest energy loss during the electron transfer to the yields the highest short circuit current. With increasing size of the attached side chain, the devices exhibit a larger trap density, measured by impedance spectroscopy. Based on the investigation of different blend ratios, we conclude that these traps are mainly present in the donor phase.
High Order Lambda Measure Based Choquet Integral Composition Forecasting Model (2013)

In this paper, a novel fuzzy measure, high order lambda measure, was proposed, based on the Choquet integral with respect to this new measure, a novel composition forecasting model which composed the GM(1,1) forecasting model, the time series model and the exponential smoothing model was also proposed. For evaluating the efficiency of this improved composition forecasting model, an experiment with a real data by using the 5 fold cross validation mean square error was conducted. The performances of Choquet integral composition forecasting model with the P-measure, Lambda-measure, L-measure and high order lambda measure, respectively, a ridge regression composition forecasting model and a multiple linear regression composition forecasting model and the traditional linear weighted composition forecasting model were compared. The experimental results showed that the Choquet integral composition forecasting model with respect to the high order lambda measure has the best performance.
Spatio-temporally averaged positions of moving objects (1989)

This study investigated the case where a spatial offset was periodically and momentarily introduced between two vernier components during their excursion, to determine how such an offset affects the relative localization of the components. If the object in motion is perceived at a position averaged over a limited spatio-temporal range, spatial offsets in a moving vernier should be perceived accordingly. This prediction was confirmed by the outcome of the first experiment. A second experiment was performed to inquire into the relationship between vernier threshold and the averaging of spatial offset, and also the spatio-temporal limit of the integrative process. The upper temporal limit of the averaging was estimated to be about 50 ms, and the spatial extent of positional modulation was shown to have a significant effect on the detection of vernier offset. It was found that the larger the extent over which the vernier positions were distributed, the smaller the offset detected between them. It is suggested that spatial offset can be detected directly, perhaps by some mechanism sensitive to the phase relationship of the components of visual patterns.
Nicotine dependence is associated with compulsive alcohol craving (2006)

The severity of nicotine dependence is associated with higher craving in alcohol-dependent patients. These results point towards shared pathophysiological mechanisms in alcohol craving and nicotine addiction.
A sensitive method for measuring polymerized and depolymerized forms of tubulin in tissues. (1977)

A rapid method for measuring polymerized and depolymerized forms of tubulin in tissues has been developed. The procedure consists of homogenization and centrifugation of the tissue in a microtubule-stabilizing solution and depolymerization of the precipitated microtubules; polymerized and depolymerized forms of tubulin are quantitated by a colchicine-binding assay. The validity of the technique was assessed by electron microscopy and recovery studies with labeled and unlabeled preparations of polymerized and depolymerized forms of rat brain tubulin. The sensitivity of this technique allows quantitation of tubulin in 150 micrograms of tissue, wet weight. The method demonstrated that both the polymerized and depolymerized forms of tubulin were present in rat liver cells, and that in the fed state 31.3 +/-0.7% of the total tubulin pool was in the polymerized form.
ACCURATE TO A FAULT (1991)

Predicting and circumventing incipient faults in expensive and intensively used machinery becomes more important every day — from the points of view of extending machinery life, of reducing costly downtime and of avoiding critical failure situations. The author describes recent work done by one of Britain's leading scientific engineering consultancies in collaboration with the Naval Engineering Department of The Royal Aerospace Establishment. A series of techniques was evolved which, when integrated into an intelligent system, can produce an effective and economic condition‐monitoring concept for supervising turbocharged diesel engines. Based on the processing of signals from conventional sensors it could be added to a machine control system without significantly increasing its complexity.
Three Dances from Chaco Canyon (2006)

Dutch linguist Elizabeth Willink, mother of my composer-friend George Willink, invited me to stay at her adobe house near Cuba, New Mexico on my trips back and forth from Chaco Canyon. Using her piano, I sketched this work there, and years after her death I bought the home for my composing and teaching retreat. Additional program notes on the inside cover of the score.
Radioimmunodetection of non-small cell lung cancer using technetium-99m-anticarcinoembryonic antigen immu-4 fab′ fragment (1994)

The tumor detection rate was high, but the persistent blood pool at < 8 hours complicated image interpretation. An intermediate imaging time point (12-16 hours) might be preferable. SPECT is an important adjunct to imaging with this radioimmunoconjugate. The acceptable dosimetry estimated for 30 mCi Technetium 99m IMMU-4 Fab' and the lack of human anti-mouse antibody responses suggest this is a promising localizing tool for NSCLC:
Photopolymerization in Self-organizing Systems (1998)

Abstract Mesogenic monomers of 4-[6-(acryloyloxy) hexoxy] benzoic acid (AHB) and 4-[[6-[(2-methyl-l-oxo-2-propenyl)oxy]hexyl]oxy]-benzoic acid 4′-[(1-oxo-10,12-nonadecadiynyl)-oxy]-[1,1′-bi-phenyl]-4-yl] ester (MHNB) are prepared for polymerization in highly ordered smectic and nematic mesophases and liquid crystal solvents. AHB exhibits smectic C and nematic mesophases, whereas MHNB displays the phase sequence of smectic X, C, A and nematic phases. The highest molecular-weight polymers with the widest molecular-weight distribution were found in polymerization of the highly ordered smectic phase and using smectic solvents. Photopolymerization in nematic systems gave the narrowest molecular weight distribution polymers when compared with those in other systems. Key Words: Photopolymerizationnematic mesophasesliquid crystal
Suramin and reactive blue 2 are antagonists for a newly identified purinoceptor on rat megakaryocyte (1994)

1. The effects of purinoceptor antagonists on ATP-induced oscillatory K(+)-currents in rat isolated megakaryocytes were investigated. 2. Both reactive blue-2 (RB-2), a selective antagonist of the P2Y purinoceptor, purinoceptor, at concentrations of 0.3-10 microM and suramin, a non-selective P2 purinoceptor antagonist, at 1-30 microM blocked the ATP-induced oscillation in a concentration-dependent manner. 3. RB-2 and suramin also blocked the ADP-induced K(+)-current oscillation at the same concentration range as in the case of ATP. However, both suramin and RB-2 had no effect on thrombin- and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-induced K+ current oscillation, indicating that they act as specific purinoceptor antagonists. 4. Thus, the purinoceptors on megakaryocytes show the properties of the P2 subtype according to their blockade by antagonists.
Interplay Between Phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation of Sarcomeric Proteins in Ischemic Heart Failure (2018)

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of sarcomeric proteins could participate to left ventricular (LV) remodeling and contractile dysfunction leading in advanced heart failure (HF) with altered ejection fraction. Using an experimental rat model of HF (ligation of left coronary artery) and phosphoproteomic analysis, we identified an increase of desmin phosphorylation and a decrease of desmin O-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation). We aim to characterize interplay between phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation for desmin in primary cultures of cardiomyocyte by specific O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibition with thiamet G and silencing O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and, in perfused heart perfused with thiamet G in sham- and HF-rats. In each model, we found an efficiency of O-GlcNAcylation modulation characterized by the levels of O-GlcNAcylated proteins and OGT expression (for silencing experiments in cells). In perfused heart, we found an improvement of cardiac function under OGA inhibition. But none of the treatments either in <i>in vitro</i> or <i>ex vivo</i> cardiac models, induced a modulation of desmin, phosphorylated and O-GlcNAcylated desmin expression, despite the presence of O-GlcNAc moities in cardiac desmin. Our data suggests no interplay between phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation of desmin in HF post-myocardial infarction. The future requires finding the targets in heart involved in cardiac improvement under thiamet G treatment.
Rough Set Algorithms in Classification Problem (2000)

We we present some algorithms, based on rough set theory, that can be used for the problem of new cases classification. Most of the algorithms were implemented and included in Rosetta system [43]. We present several methods for computation of decision rules based on reducts. We discuss the problem of real value attribute discretization for increasing the performance of algorithms and quality of decision rules. Finally we deal with a problem of resolving conflicts between decision rules classifying a new case to different categories (classes). Keywords: knowledge discovery, rough sets, classification algorithms, reducts, decision rules, real value attribute discretization
The Stereochemistry of 10-Hydroxycodeine Derivatives<sup>1,2</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Stereochemistry of 10-Hydroxycodeine Derivatives1,2Henry Rapoport and Satoru MasamuneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 16, 4330–4335Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01621a045https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01621a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views199Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Can occupant protection systems benefit from precrash sensors (2004)

Internal studies have shown that the combination of active and passive safety features allow for both quantitative and qualitative further developments in occupant protection in case of frontal impact. Takata is working on a new generation of occupant protection systems which consist of anticipatory sensor technology, threat-assessment algorithms, and a precrash restraint and communication system. Real world accidents play a crucial role in the development and optimization of such systems. Real-world traffic accidents make up the basis for the assessment of performance of the components under development. By means of numerical simulation, relevant precrash scenarios are recreated and rendered in order to receive basic statements on the efficiency of different system concepts. All concepts, however, have a focus on a reduction of crash severity and the early warning and associated restraint of the occupant. Selected examples present main features from the daily practical work. They also answer the question which benefits linked to occupant protection may be gained from these new developments. For the covering abstract see ITRD E127621.
Anomalous diffusion producing normal relaxation and transport (2007)

From the Arrhenius law a probability distribution of timescales is derived by treating both the prefactor and the activation energy as random variables. In the defect-diffusion model this probability distribution is used to calculate the properties of the anomalous diffusion of defects. The timescales represent the pausing time distribution between movements of a defect. The conditions are determined for these mobile defects to produce stretched exponential relaxation. The diffusion of a single defect is anomalous, but the collective effect of all defects produces a characteristic relaxation timescale. The temperature and pressure dependence of this timescale is used to determine conductivity, dielectric relaxation, and viscosity.
Addition of some 1,3-diaryltriazenes to tetracyanoethylene (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAddition of some 1,3-diaryltriazenes to tetracyanoethyleneCarlo Maurizio Camaggi, Rino Leardini, and Chryssostomos ChatgilialogluCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 15, 2611–2614Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00435a015https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00435a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views74Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
An object-oriented concept for intelligent library functions (2002)

The increasing complexity of electronic systems has led to a core based design methodology where large, predesigned blocks can be reused and configured to compose huge systems with several million transistors on a single chip. In a core based methodology, the designer, or the tool, selects an appropriate core from a library and adapts it to the surrounding environment. However, a specific core configuration in a specific environment very often opens up the potential for performance and cost optimizations which today cannot be utilized due to the inflexibility of cores. In this paper we propose an object oriented concept for a library of cores, which not only contains design models of the cores but also rule based design transformations to optimize the core in the context of a specific configuration and a specific environment.
Synthesis of 11- and 15-oxygenated steroids. The course of 8,14-dienes oxidation by chromic acid (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of 11- and 15-oxygenated steroids. The course of 8,14-dienes oxidation by chromic acidMario Anastasia, Pietro Allevi, Alberto Fiecchi, Giovanni Galli, Pierluigi Gariboldi, and Antonio ScalaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 5, 686–689Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00153a013https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00153a013research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views111Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chiral Metallo–Supramolecular Complexes Selectively Induce Human Telomeric G‐Quadruplex Formation under Salt‐Deficient Conditions (2011)

Chiral molecular recognition of human telomeric DNA is important for rational drug design and developing structural probes of G-quadruplexes. Here we report that a chiral supramolecular complex can selectively induce human telomeric G-quadruplex formation and discriminate different G-quadruplex sequences under salt-deficient conditions studied by circular dichroism (CD), UV meltings, stopped-flow spectroscopy, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, enzyme cleavage, and gel electrophoresis. P-enantiomer induced G-quadruplex formation is fast and does not require a large excess of P enantiomer. More importantly, this chiral compound induces loop sequence-dependent G-quadruplex formation.
Finite element substructuring methods for composite mechanics (1988)

Finite element substructuring strategies are presented to obtain numerical solutions for three typical problems of interest to the composites community: (1) impact and toughness characterization of composites using Charpy's impact test specimen; (2) free-edge stress analysis of composite laminates; and (3) fracture toughness predictions of composites for individual and combined fracture of modes I, II, and III. The key issue common to these problems is the presence of singular or near singular stress fields. The regions prone to see steep stress gradients are substructured with progressively refined meshes to study the local response simultaneously with the global response. The results from the select examples indicate that finite element substructuring methods are computationally effective for composite singularity mechanics.
The role of T lymphocytes in ANCA associated vasculitis: neglected or revisited? (2005)

"Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) are pathogenic--Oh yes they are!" is the title of a recent review [Falk et al. 2002], discussing the current evidence on the pathogenic role of ANCA in vasculitis. But what about T lymphocytes? Do these cells also contribute to disease manifestation and if so to what extend? T-cells most likely play a role in delivering proper signals to autoreactive B cells for the production of ANCA, but, in the efferent arm of the immune response the involvement of T cells is less obvious and controversially discussed. Numerous studies provide evidence that peripheral T-cell phenotypes are dramatically changed in ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) patients. How these changes relate to disease manifestation is still a matter of discussion. In an attempt to provide a better understanding of how T cells might play a role in AAV, the present paper will review recent data presented at the 12th international vasculitis and ANCA workshop.