gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Follow up to Study the Behaviour of Cable Bolts in Shear: Experimental Study and Mathematical Modelling (2016)

A mathematical model which is able to determine the pure shear strength of cable bolt was introduced and calibrated for various conditions. The proposed equation is developed based on the Fourier series concept and a linear relationship between shear and normal forces generated during cable bolt shearing. The conventional double shearing instrument was up to date to evaluate the pure\nshear strength of cable bolt by removing the contribution of concrete block frictional force. The experimental data obtained from the revised double shear instrument was in good agreement with the prediction of the proposed mode.
Novel mutations in <i>DLL3</i>, a somitogenesis gene encoding a ligand for the Notch signalling pathway, cause a consistent pattern of abnormal vertebral segmentation in spondylocostal dysostosis (2003)

The spondylocostal dysostoses (SCD) are a group of disorders characterised by multiple vertebral segmentation defects and rib anomalies. SCD can either be sporadic or familial, and can be inherited in either autosomal dominant or recessive modes. We have previously shown that recessive forms of SCD can be caused by mutations in the delta-like 3 gene, DLL3. Here, we have sequenced DLL3 in a series of SCD cases and identified 12 mutations in a further 10 families. These include 10 novel mutations in exons 4-8, comprising nonsense, missense, frameshift, splicing, and in frame insertion mutations that are predicted to result in either the truncation of the mature protein in the extracellular domain, or affect highly conserved amino acid residues in the epidermal growth factor-like repeats of the protein. The affected cases represent diverse ethnic backgrounds and six come from traditionally consanguineous communities. In all affected subjects, the radiological phenotype is abnormal segmentation throughout the entire vertebral column with smooth outlines to the vertebral bodies in childhood, for which we suggest the term "pebble beach sign". This is a very consistent phenotype-genotype correlation and we suggest the designation SCD type 1 for the AR form caused by mutations in the DLL3 gene.
New azaborine-thiophene heteroacenes (2010)

A new class of heteroacenes containing B, N and S elements in the 22-electron aromatic nucleus has been synthesized by reaction of diaminoterthiophenes with dichlorophenylborane. Their structure was studied by X-ray crystallography and DFT calculations. UV-Vis absorption /emission spectroscopy shows high rigidity and deep-blue fluorescence of these compounds.
Monopulse Tracking System Patent (2013)

Monopulse tracking system with antenna array of three radiators for deriving azimuth and elevation indications
Usability and privacy in identity management architectures (2007)

Digital identities represent who we are when engaging in online activities and transactions. The rapid growth in the number of online services leads to an increasing num-ber of different identities that each user needs to manage. As a result, many people feel overloaded with identities and suffer from password fatigue. This is a serious prob-lem and makes people unable properly control and pro-tect their digital identities against identity theft. This pa-per discusses usability and privacy in online identity man-agement solutions, and proposed a general approach for making users better able to control and manage their dig-ital identities, as well as for creating more secure iden-tity management solutions. More specically, we propose a user-centric approach based on hardware and software technology on the user-side with the aim of assisting users when accessing online services.
Regression As An Analytical Tool (1962)

In this article Dr Moore first illustrates some pitfalls in the application of simple regression methods to industrial problems, and goes on to discuss the usefulness of multiple regression as an analytical tool. However, when there are potentially many independent variables, the amount of computation for a complete analysis is very large; two short‐cut methods are described here in which much less computation is required.
Silane coupling agents for attaching Nafion to glass and silica (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilane coupling agents for attaching Nafion to glass and silicaMarilyn N. Szentirmay, Leigh F. Campbell, and Charles R. MartinCite this: Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 3, 661–662Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00294a042https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00294a042research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views458Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
C–H Functionalization via Remote Hydride Elimination: Palladium Catalyzed Dehydrogenation of<i>ortho</i>-Acyl Phenols to Flavonoids (2017)

Although deprotonation of electron-poor C-H bonds to carbon anions with bases has long been known and widely used in organic synthesis, the hydride elimination from electron-rich C-H bonds to carbon cations or partial carbocations for the introduction of nucleophiles is a comparatively less explored area. Here we report that the carbonyl β-C(sp<sup>3</sup>)-H bond hydrogens of ortho-acyl phenols could be substituted by intramolecular phenolic hydroxyls to form O-heterocycles, followed by dehydrogenation of the O-heterocycle into flavonoids. The cascade reaction is catalyzed by Pd/C without added oxidants and sacrificing hydrogen acceptors.
Optimization models for reliability of modular software systems (1993)

The authors present optimization models for software systems that are developed using a modular design technique. Four different software structures are considered: one program, no redundancy; one program, with redundancy; multiple programs, no redundancy; and multiple programs, with redundancy. The optimization problems are solved by using the authors' version of established optimization methods. The practical usefulness of this study is to draw the attention of software practitioners to an existing methodology that may be used to make an optimal selection out of an available pool of modules with known reliability and cost. All four models maximize software reliability while ensuring that expenditures remain within available resources. The software manager is allowed to select the appropriate model for a given situation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optical pulse generator using liquid crystal light valve (1984)

Numerical optical computing is discussed. A design for an optical pulse generator using a Hughes Liquid crystal light valve and intended for application as an optical clock in a numerical optical computer is considered. The pulse generator is similar in concept to the familiar electronic multivibrator, having a flip-flop and delay units.
A voltage‐clamp study of the effect of two lidocaine derivatives on the time course of end‐plate currents. (1976)

1. Voltage-clamped end-plate currents (e.p.c.s) have been studied in the glycerol-treated Rana pipiens sartorius nerve-muscle preparations in normal Ringer solution and in the presence of QX-222 and QX-314. 2. Both QX-222 and QX-314, the trimethyl and triethyl analogues, respectively, of lidocaine, greatly modify end-plate current kinetics. The altered e.p.c.s still show a true reversal potential, which is essentially the same as the reversal potential before drug treatment. The time course of the altered end-plate currents varies with both membrane potential and drug concentration. 3. In the presence of 0-1-1-0 mM QX-222, end-plate currents decay as the sum of three exponentials: I(t) =I1(0)e-k1t+I2(0)e-k2t+I3(0)e-k3t, where the subscipts 1, 2 and 3 refer to the rapidly, intermediately, and slowly decaying components, respectively. Both the amplitudes, Ij(0), and the decay rates, kj, depend upon membrane potential. 4. Hyperpolarization increases the relative size of the first and third components, i.e. I1(0) and I3(0) increase relative to I2(0). Depolarization increases the relative size of the second component. 5. Hyperpolarization causes a decrease in the decay rates k2 and k3 and causes a slight increase in the decay rate k1. Dependence of the three decay rates on membrane potential is well described by: kj=bjeajv. 6. The Q10 of each of the kj is about 3. 7. Raising QX-222 concentration, at any given membrane potential, augments I1(0) and I3(0) at the expense of I2(0). Raising concentration increases k1 and decreases k3; their voltage-dependence is little affected. 8. At all QX-222 concentrations tested the decay rate k2 is nearly the same as the decay rate of a normal e.p.c. recorded at an equivalent holding potential from the same fibre before drug exposure. 9. End-plate currents in the presence of 0-1 mM-QX-314 show a "major" or rapidly decaying phase and a very small, slowly decaying phase or "tail", but no intermediate component. Only the major component is discernible for end-plate currents in 0-5 mM-QX-314. 10. Voltage- and concentration-dependence of the decay rate of the major component in QX-314 is similar to k1 and QX-222. Voltage-dependence of the tails decay rate appears to be similar to k3. It is hypothesized that the second component in QX-222 represents currents of unaltered or normal conductance kinetics, and that the first and third components in QX-222, as well as the major component and tail in QX-314, represent current of "QX-altered conductance kinetics".
ESRGAN+ : Further Improving Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (2020)

Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (ESRGAN) is a perceptual-driven approach for single image super-resolution that is able to produce photorealistic images. Despite the visual quality of these generated images, there is still room for improvement. In this fashion, the model is extended to further improve the perceptual quality of the images. We have designed a network architecture with a novel basic block to replace the one used by the original ESRGAN. Moreover, we introduce noise inputs to the generator network in order to exploit stochastic variation. The resulting images present more realistic textures.
Relation between localization and function of rat liver Kupffer cells. (1982)

Kupffer cells were found to be distributed over zone 1 (periportal), zone 2 (midzonal), and zone 3 (perivenous) of the rat liver acinus in a ratio of 4:3:2. After pronase digestion of the liver, two purified tractions of Kupffer cells could be obtained by centrifugal elutriation. Liver zone marking with methylene blue prior to cell isolation revealed that one fraction contained Kupffer cells from the periportal area; the other consisted mainly of such cells from the midzonal and perivenous areas. Periportal Kupffer cells were larger and showed higher lysosomal enzyme activities on a per cell basis as compared with midzonal and perivenous Kupffer cells. The immediate uptake of 0.31-micrometer. latex particles during a 2-minute perfusion of the liver was mainly accomplished by periportal Kupffer cells. The higher phagocytic activity of these cells was independent of the direction which latex was flushed through the liver. Seven days after in vivo administration of latex particles, at least 80 per cent of all Kupffer cells contained latex, but again periportal Kupffer cells showed a higher phagocytic activity in that they accumulated a relatively larger number of particles per cell. Latex phagocytosis increased the activity of cathepsin D in all Kupffer cells. Titration with pepstatin revealed that periportal Kupffer cells contained many more cathepsin D molecules than pepstatin revealed that periportal Kupffer cells contained many more cathepsin D molecules than midzonal and perivenous Kupffer cells. Latex particle uptake stimulated an increase in the molecular activity of cathepsin D in periportal cells as well as in the number of cathepsin D molecules in perivenous and midzonal cells. Kupffer cells show a functional heterogeneity that is related to their position in the liver acinus. Kupffer cells with a high endocytic activity, large and heterogeneous lysosomes, and high lysosomal enzyme activities are found in the periportal zone. This zonal heterogeneity can be reduced after phagocytosis of a triggering dose of latex.
Dynamic Version of the Economic Lot Size Model (1958)

A forward algorithm for a solution to the following dynamic version of the economic lot size model is given: allowing the possibility of demands for a single item, inventory holding charges, and setup costs to vary over N periods, we desire a minimum total cost inventory management scheme which satisfies known demand in every period. Disjoint planning horizons are shown to be possible which eliminate the necessity of having data for the full N periods.
An Experimental Study on Reduction Effect of Scour Depth arounding Uniform Cylindrical Pier with Various Size of Circular Collar (2003)

This study is to propose reduction effect of scour depth and a optimum size of circular collar through experimental analyses with various collar sizes. To do so, we carried out hydraulic model experiments. In the case of with considering the collar, the effect of reduction of scour depth increased according to the increase of collar size. When size of collar is 2 as the ratio of collar diameter(W) to pier diameter(D), scour depth is decreased about 67% and deposition height is increased about 70%. The optimal size of collar proposed in this study is W/D=2 by analyzing reduction effect of scour depth, size of scour hole, and deposition height.
Distributed hybrid agent based intrusion detection and real time response system (2004)

Wireless LANs are growing rapidly and security has always been a concern. We have implemented a hybrid system, which does not only detect active attacks such as identity theft causing denial of service attacks, but also detects the usage of accesspoint discovery tools. The system responds in real time by sending out an alert to the network administrator.
A scalable formal method for design and automatic checking of user interfaces (2005)

The paper addresses the formal specification, design and implementation of the behavioral component of graphical user interfaces. Dialogs are specified by means of modular, communicating grammars called VEG (Visual Event Grammars), which extend traditional BNF grammars to make the modeling of dialogs more convenient. A VEG specification is independent of the actual layout of the GUI, but it can be easily integrated with various layout design toolkits. The specification may be verified with the model checker Spin, in order to test consistency and correctness, to detect deadlocks and unreachable states, and also to generate test cases for validation purposes. Efficient code is automatically generated by the VEG toolkit, based on compiler technology. Realistic applications have been specified, verified and implemented, like a Notepad-style editor, a graph construction library and a large real application to medical software. The complete VEG toolkit is going to be available soon as free software.
GaN-based epitaxy on silicon: stress measurements (2003)

We present an in situ method for the determination of the stress in GaN layers on hetero-substrates, in particular Si, via measuring the wafer curvature. For device application it is essential to obtain stress free low-curvature layers. With our in situ method we directly observe the evolution of strain and can identify the sources of strain and the efficiency of strain compensating layers. We find a strong increase in tensile stress with increasing Si doping up to 0.18 GPa for a 1018 cm−3 Si doping concentration. This can be significantly reduced by an appropriate buffer layer growth scheme. The compensation of tensile thermal stress by introducing AlN interlayers to avoid cracking of GaN on Si is in situ investigated. We find that the impact of undoped AlN interlayers is independent of growth temperatures Tgrowth up to Tgrowth > 1000 °C. A linear dependence of strain reduction on AlN interlayer thickness up to a thickness of 12 nm is observed. Using appropriate growth schemes more than 6 μm thick crack free high quality GaN layers on Si were grown. (© 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Software Engineering for Web Services: A Focus on Separation of Concerns (2001)

This report has been submitted for publication outside of IBM and will probably be copyrighted if accepted for publication. It has been issued as a Research Report for early dissemination of its contents. In view of the transfer of copyright to the outside publisher, its distribution outside of IBM prior to publication should be limited to peer communications and specific requests. After outside publication, requests should be filled only by reprints or legally obtained copies of the article (e.g. payment of royalties). Copies may be requested from IBM T. J. Watson Research Center , P. O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 USA (email: reports@us.ibm.com). Some reports are available on the internet at http://domino.watson.ibm.com/library/CyberDig.nsf/home . Software Engineering for Web Services: A Focus on Separation of Concerns Authors: Brent Hailpern (bth@watson.ibm.com) and Peri Tarr (tarr@watson.ibm.com) IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center&lt;
Bayesian Differential Privacy on Correlated Data (2015)

Differential privacy provides a rigorous standard for evaluating the privacy of perturbation algorithms. It has widely been regarded that differential privacy is a universal definition that deals with both independent and correlated data and a differentially private algorithm can protect privacy against arbitrary adversaries. However, recent research indicates that differential privacy may not guarantee privacy against arbitrary adversaries if the data are correlated.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antinociceptive Activity of (2‐Benzazolon‐3‐yl)propionamide Derivatives. (2002)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Predicting cardiovascular risk in England and Wales: prospective derivation and validation of QRISK2 (2008)

Incorporating ethnicity, deprivation, and other clinical conditions into the QRISK2 algorithm for risk of cardiovascular disease improves the accuracy of identification of those at high risk in a nationally representative population. At the 20% threshold, QRISK2 is likely to be a more efficient and equitable tool for treatment decisions for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. As the validation was performed in a similar population to the population from which the algorithm was derived, it potentially has a "home advantage." Further validation in other populations is therefore advised.
An evolution in switching therapy for psoriasis patients who fail to meet treatment goals (2015)

Switching psoriasis treatment is a common, accepted practice that is used to improve disease management and improve patient outcomes (e.g., when patients are experiencing suboptimal efficacy and/or tolerability with a given therapy). Historically, switching treatment was often performed to limit patients' cumulative exposure to conventional systemic agents (e.g., methotrexate, cyclosporine) with the goal of reducing end-organ toxicity. However, the practice of switching treatments has evolved in recent years with the availability of highly effective and tolerable biologic agents. In current practice, near-complete skin clearance with minimal side effects should be a realistic treatment goal for most patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis, and consideration for switching therapies has shifted to become more focused on achieving maximum possible skin clearance, enhanced quality of life, and improved patient satisfaction. This review provides a discussion of recent guidance on switching psoriasis therapies, including initial considerations for when switching therapy may be advisable and challenges associated with switching therapy, along with an overview of published clinical studies evaluating outcomes associated with switching therapy. The goal of this review is to empower dermatologists to optimally manage their patients' psoriasis by providing the tools needed to develop rational strategies for switching treatments based on the pharmacologic characteristics of available treatments and each patient's clinical needs and treatment preferences.
Blood Pressure Variability And Organ Damage (2001)

1. Blood pressure variability (BPV) is expressed as the standard deviation of the average blood pressure (BP). Blood pressure variability is increased in hypertensive patients and animals. However, BPV is not necessarily related to the BP level. 2. For nearly any level of 24 h mean BP, hypertensive patients in whom the BPV is low have a lower prevalence and severity of organ damage than patients in whom the 24 h BPV is high. This observation has been confirmed further in spontaneously hypertensive rats with direct pathological analysis for organ damage. 3. In sinoaortic-denervated (SAD) rats, 24 h average BP is normal and BPV is markedly increased. Myocardial damage, renal lesions and vascular remodelling are seen in these animals 4 weeks after SAD. 4. Haemodynamic effects and activation of the renin- angiotensin system are hypothesized to contribute to organ damage induced by increased BPV. 5. Blood pressure variability is of potential importance in antihypertensive therapy.