gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nonlocal transport in normal-metal/superconductor hybrid structures: Role of interference and interaction (2010)

We have measured local and nonlocal conductance of mesoscopic normal-metal/superconductor hybrid structures fabricated by e-beam lithography and shadow evaporation. The sample geometry consists of a superconducting aluminum bar with two normal-metal wires forming tunnel contacts to the aluminum at distances of the order of the superconducting coherence length. We observe subgap anomalies in both local and nonlocal conductance that quickly decay with magnetic field and temperature. For the nonlocal conductance both positive and negative signs are found as a function of bias conditions, indicating at a competition of crossed Andreev reflection and elastic cotunneling. Our data suggest that the signals are caused by a phase-coherent enhancement of transport rather than dynamical Coulomb blockade.
Stacked multiple slot microstrip patch antenna for wireless communication system (2008)

A novel multiple slot microstrip patch antenna for wireless communication is proposed. This paper presents stacked probe fed inverted multiple slot microstrip patch antenna. The composite effect of integrating these techniques and by introducing the novel multiple shaped patch, offer a low profile, high gain, and compact antenna element. Simulated results for main parameters such as return loss, impedance bandwidth, radiation patterns and gains are also discussed herein. The study showed maximum achievable gain of about 11.44 dBi with simplicity in designing and feeding, can well meet for wireless communication system especially for base station.
Total Cranial Vault Reconstruction for the Older Child with Scaphocephaly (1993)

A technique is described for the surgical correction of primary of secondary sagittal synostosis in the older child. This involves placing the patient in the modified prone position, reshaping the supraorbital bar, and reconstructing virtually the entire cranial vault with microplates. This technique of total cranial vault reconstruction has been performed successfully on 5 patients without mortality or significant morbidity, although blood loss is significant, averaging 1.8 blood volumes. Further experience will be needed to establish the proper indications for the procedure, the best method of fixation, and the optimal timing.
OPEN LOOP OPERATING MODE OF MICROMACHINING CAPACITIVE ACCELEROMETER (1999)

Electrostatic force is served as feedback in closed-loop operating mode to improve the linear character of micromachining capacitive accelerometer. Its function in open-loop operating mode of capacitive accelerometer was analyzed in this paper. The derived equations which describe bias related sensitivity are in well agreement with experimental results. Based on this technology, an accelerometer originally used in range of ±1g was successfully used in range of ±0.01g with non linearity less than 0.2%.\;
A survey into the experience of musically induced chills: Emotions, situations and music (2018)

Musically induced chills, an emotional response accompanied by gooseflesh, shivers and tingling sensations, are an intriguing aesthetic phenomenon. Although chills have been linked to musical features, personality traits and listening contexts, there exists no comprehensive study that surveys the general characteristics of chills, such as emotional qualities. Thus, the present research aimed to develop a broad understanding of the musical chills response, in terms of emotional characteristics, types of music and chill-inducing features, and listening contexts. Participants ( N = 375) completed a survey collecting qualitative responses regarding a specific experience of musical chills, with accompanying quantitative ratings of music qualia and underlying mechanisms. Participants could also describe two more “chills pieces”. Results indicate that chills are often experienced as a mixed and moving emotional state, and commonly occur in isolated listening contexts. Recurring musical features linked to chills include crescendos, the human voice, lyrics, and concepts such as unity and communion in the music. Findings are discussed in terms of theories regarding musical chills, and implications for future empirical testing of the response.
The c-cbl proto-oncogene is preferentially expressed in thymus and testis tissue and encodes a nuclear protein (1989)

Cas NS-1 is an acutely transforming murine retrovirus that induces early B-lineage lymphomas and occasional myeloid leukemias. The transforming sequence of this virus, v-cbl, shows no homology to known oncogenes but has some similarities to the yeast transcriptional factor GCN4. In this study we used a v-cbl probe to analyze mRNAs from a wide range of murine and human hemopoietic tumor cell lines and detected an 11-kilobase mRNA in all lineages. In normal mouse tissues the expression of c-cbl was highest in testis and thymus tissues, the predominant species in testis tissue being a 3.5-kilobase mRNA. The v-cbl oncogene was inserted into a bacterial expression vector to produce protein for the immunization of rabbits. Affinity-purified v-cbl antibodies identified abundant levels of p100gag-cbl in Cas NS-1-transformed fibroblasts and lower levels of a 135-kilodalton protein (p135c-cbl) in both normal and transformed cells. Subcellular fractionation showed that p100gag-cbl and p135c-cbl are both located in the nucleus and retained following 420 mM salt extraction. These results indicate that the translational product of a c-cbl is a 135-kilodalton nuclear protein.
Learning Optimal Classification Trees Using a Binary Linear Program Formulation (2019)

We provide a new formulation for the problem of learning the optimal classification tree of a given depth as a binary linear program. A limitation of previously proposed Mathematical Optimization formulations is that they create constraints and variables for every row in the training data. As a result, the running time of the existing Integer Linear programming (ILP) formulations increases dramatically with the size of data. In our new binary formulation, we aim to circumvent this problem by making the formulation size largely independent from the training data size. We show experimentally that our formulation achieves better performance than existing formulations on both small and large problem instances within shorter running time.
Cadmium‐free stabilizer systems for flexible vinyl (1991)

Abstract Recently, cadmium‐containing additives for plastics have been designated as undesirable environmentally. Prior to this adverse characterization of cadmium derivatives most flexible vinyl in the United States involving severe stabilizer demand during processing or service utilized metal blends based on cadmium salts. As a result many vinyl formulators have been forced to find suitable alternatives. Replacement of a stabilizer composed of specific levels of barium/cadmium salts in flexible vinyl with another containing the same levels of barium/zinc has been found to give dramatically reduced performance in heat stability tests. Results of this study has shown that satisfactory replacement of barium/cadmium/zinc or barium/cadmium systems in flexible vinyl is possible with barium/zinc stabilizers. This replacement appears to depend on higher barium‐to‐zinc ratios than those utilized in barium/cadmium analogs, use of special ligands that compensate for the smaller sized zinc cation; and prevention of their destruction by inadvertent addition of competitors.
The Case for RAID 4: Cloud-RAID Integration with Local Storage (2016)

The proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) requires innovative solutions for all aspects of computing, including storage. The small footprint of IoT devices limits their capacity for local reliable storage. A solution is presented which combines local and cloud storage in a RAID-like (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) configuration, increasing the amount of storage, access speed, and/or data reliability and availability for systems which implement the discussed configurations. Previously, cloud-RAID, where data is distributed across multiple cloud storage providers, has been proposed and implemented. However, the current architectures place an emphasis on RAID 0, and other levels of RAID with their application to cloud storage have not been thoroughly explored. A novel architecture for local+cloud-RAID storage is presented, and benefits provided by the architecture in the areas of availability, reliability, and security are discussed. An effort to quantify the reliability of various configurations of RAID, cloud-RAID, and hybrid local+cloud-RAID levels will be made. While RAID 4 has been widely regarded as obsolete and supplanted by RAID 5, we argue that RAID 4 can be useful in a local+cloud-RAID configuration. A new RAID level based on RAID 4, with the addition of a second dedicated parity drive, is proposed, and is deemed RAID 4.5. We conclude that cloud storage, from the perspectives of availability, reliability, security, and performance, is beneficial to include in various RAID configurations which include local drives.
A FLEXIBLE SWITCHING ARCHITECTURE FOR DIVERSE SIGNAL TYPES (2007)

ITC/USA 2007 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Third Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2007 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
Expression of Adhesion Molecules and c-kit on CD34 <sup>+</sup> Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells: Comparison of Cytokine-Mobilized Blood Stem Cells with Normal Bone Marrow and Peripheral Blood (1993)

We assessed the expression of the adhesion molecules leukocyte function antigen-1 (LFA-1, CD11a), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54), homing-associated cell adhesion molecule (H-CAM, CD44), and c-kit (stem cell factor receptor) on the CD34+ progenitor population from the leukapheresis products of 23 patients (LP CD34+). For blood stem cell collection granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or interleukin-3/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (IL-3/GM-CSF) was administered after cytotoxic chemotherapy. Furthermore, bone marrow- and blood-derived CD34+ progenitor cells from 6 normal volunteers (BM and PB CD34+) were analyzed. LFA-1 expression was higher on PB CD34+ (88.2 +/- 2.5%, mean +/- SEM) than on BM CD34+ (75.3 +/- 4.3%). Following cytokine administration, LFA-1 was expressed on only 59.7 +/- 3.7% of LP CD34+ at a low fluorescence intensity, suggesting that down-regulation of LFA-1 may facilitate the egress of cells from the bone marrow and prolong their circulation. In contrast, ICAM-1 was weakly positive on CD34+ cells from all sources. CD44 was expressed on the vast majority of CD34+ cells (> 95%) in all samples studied. The highest proportion of CD34+ cells costaining for c-kit was found in normal bone marrow (32.2 +/- 3.3%). In normal peripheral blood and after cytokine mobilization, fewer of the CD34+ cells weakly expressed c-kit (< 15%). The low percentage and level of c-kit expression may indicate that the majority of cytokine-mobilized CD34+ cells are lineage-committed progenitor cells, as reflected by the coexpression pattern for CD38, HLA-DR, and CD33.
Osteomalacia secondary to renal tubular acidosis in a patient with primary Sjögren's syndrome. (1991)

We report a case of a 41-year-old woman whose disease manifested as osteomalacia and whose etiological investigation revealed renal tubular acidosis secondary to primary Sjögren's syndrome. Proximal tubular dysfunction was also present and was documented by increased urinary excretion of beta-2-microglobulin and retinol-binding protein. The patient showed clinical and laboratory improvement after treatment with oral potassium citrate, calcium supplements and steroids.
Design and system integration of power-efficient gigabit parallel optical links for computer communication (2004)

Computer communication requires high-bandwidth, low-latency and low-power interconnection to keep pace with the increasing performance of microprocessors. Parallel optical interconnects is a promising candidate for such applications due to their inherent advantages in bandwidth, interconnect density, power consumption and inter-channel crosstalk. While a number of well-established optical transceiver design and operation techniques are available for long-distance communication, short distance communication, however, imposes a different set of design constraints and performance requirements on parallel optical transceiver design. Compact, robust, low-power and low-cost transceivers are desired to support parallel optical links in short distance applications. 
This research explores novel circuit topologies, signaling and timing schemes in transceiver systems that enable efficient application of parallel optical links to computer communication. Two parallel optical transceiver ICs and demonstration systems are presented in this dissertation. 
First, the design and implementation of a 4-channel source synchronous parallel optical link is described. This is designed to eliminate the per-channel clock recovery block that is currently power- and area-consuming. Double data rate (DDR) signaling is employed to achieve the target data transfer rate with half of the clock frequency, resulting in less power dissipation. Suitable inter-channel skew compensation circuit is also proposed and implemented to extend this scheme to applications where inter-channel skew might be a problem. 
Power-efficient operation is of increasingly importance for parallel optical links in many applications. In the second transceiver system, a novel concept—link dynamical power-down during idle states—is proposed, designed and implemented. A dynamic sleep transistor technique is used to turn off transceiver circuits and optical devices during power-down. Optically and electrically differential signaling is adopted to enable self-thresholding and allow the transceiver to quickly return from power-down to normal operation. Differential signaling also provides good noise immunity to switching noise (Δ-I noise, crosstalk). Additionally, its DC-coupled nature obviates the necessity of encoder/decoder (CoDec), reducing transmission latency. 
Both ICs are designed and fabricated using a 0.5μm Silicon-on-Sapphire CMOS process. VCSEL and Photodetector arrays are hybrid integrated to the ICs through flip-chip bonding. An FPGA-based test-bed and free-space optical link system are built to evaluate transceiver performance. Experimental results show a link performance of greater than 2-Gb/s/channel and power-down and power-on transition times to be within a few nanoseconds (<10 ns). Inter-channel crosstalk measurements also show that these transitions do not significantly impact signal integrity of adjacent active channels.
Long-term morbidity, mortality, and economics of rheumatoid arthritis (2001)

A Markov model can be used to estimate lifelong morbidity, mortality, and costs associated with RA, providing a context in which to consider the potential value of new therapies for the disease.
Suppressing phosphorus diffusion in germanium by carbon incorporation (2005)

A problem in the Ge MOSFET process is that the phosphorus for n-type doping in Ge diffuses very fast. It is very difficult to form the shallow source/drain p-n junctions. It is reported, for the first time, that the phosphorus diffusion in Ge during activation (or annealing) can be suppressed effectively owing to carbon incorporation.
A Heuristic Based Pre-processing Methodology for Short Text Similarity Measures in Microblogs (2018)

Short text similarity measures have lots of applications in online social networks (OSN), as they are being integrated in machine learning algorithms. However, the data quality is a major challenge in most OSNs, particularly Twitter. The sparse, ambiguous, informal, and unstructured nature of the medium impose difficulties to capture the underlying semantics of the text. Therefore, text pre-processing is a crucial phase in similarity identification applications, such as clustering and classification. This is because selecting the appropriate data processing methods contributes to the increase in correlations of the similarity measure. This research proposes a novel heuristic-driven pre-processing methodology for enhancing the performance of similarity measures in the context of Twitter tweets. The components of the proposed pre-processing methodology are discussed and evaluated on an annotated dataset that was published as part of SemEval-2014 shared task. An experimental analysis was conducted using the cosine angle as a similarity measure to assess the effect of our method against a baseline (C-Method). Experimental results indicate that our approach outperforms the baseline in terms of correlations and error rates.
Stroke Declines From Third to Fourth Leading Cause of Death in the United States (2011)

The recent rank decline of stroke among leading causes of American death is testament to a half century of societal progress in cerebrovascular disease prevention and acute care. Renewed commitments are needed to preserve and broaden this historic achievement.
Relative Activity of the Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics in Birds as Measured by Clinical Effect (1960)

THE two broad-spectrum antibiotics, chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline, have found wide application in the control of certain infectious diseases of birds, with special reference to bluecomb disease, infectious synovitis, ornithosis and PPLO infections. The clinical activity of the two antibiotics following equivalent administrations has been assumed to be more or less equal in view of parallel in-vitro activity against most microorganisms. This perhaps is true in the case of infectious agents limited to the gastro-intestinal tract. Peterson and Hymas (1951) found the two drugs to be essentially identical in the control of experimental bluecomb disease in poults. Similar relative activity was noted by Pomeroy and Sieburth (1953), and Sieburth and Pomeroy (1956). In the case of systemic infections, however, the relative activity of drugs will be determined in part by the degree of intestinal absorption, the amount of conjugation, and the rapidity of elimination. The broad-spectrum antibiotics are known to be …
Retardation-induced plasmon resonances in coupled nanoparticles (2001)

We study the coupling induced by retardation effects when two plasmon-resonant nanoparticles are interacting. This coupling leads to an additional resonance, the strength of which depends on a subtle balance between particle separation and size. The scattering cross section and the near field associated with this coupled resonance are studied for cylindrical particles in air and in water. Implications for surface-enhanced Raman scattering and nano-optics are discussed.
Annealing Mechanism and Effect of Microwave Plasma Assisted Annealing on Properties of Sputtered Pb(Zr<SUB>0.52</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.48</SUB>)O<SUB>3</SUB> Thin Films (2016)

To solve some problems existing in PZT films, such as: large residual stresses, interface diffusion, and lead loss, etc., which were caused by high post-annealing temperatures, and to obtain thin films with high-preferred orientation and uniform size grain and dense microstructure, different technological conditions of microwave plasma assisted post-annealing had been pilot studied. X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the crystal structures of the films. Transmission electronic microscope was used to analyze the surface and the interface morphology of the films. Ferroelectric properties were showed by measuring the remnant polarization and the leakage current dependence of electric field. The results indicated that it was good for reducing lead loss and annealing temperature of PZT films by microwave plasma assisted annealing. Ferroelectric properties of the film could also be enhanced by this pilot annealing method.
Some tether applications with small launch vehicles (1988)

This paper describes four potentially useful tether applications that are best suited to or even limited to small launch vehicles and their payloads. The first application uses a Small Expendable-tether Deployment System (SEDS) to deploy a 20-40 km tether which transfers momentum from the spent final stage to its payload. This de-orbits the stage and boosts the payload. The other concepts are endo-atmospheric applications specific to various kinds of boosters. In one, a large helicopter gently recovers a reusable booster while it is descending by parachute. Another improves the performance of a small single-stage-to-orbit launch vehicle, by lifting it by helicopter to an altitude of about 3 kilometers before ignition. The last tows an air-breathing launch vehicle to high speed behind a supersonic aircraft, to eliminate any need for low-speed propulsion on the launch vehicle.
Reduced Pyruvate Decarboxylase and Increased Glycerol‐3‐phosphate Dehydrogenase [NAD] Levels Enhance Glycerol Production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1996)

This investigation deals with factors affecting the production of glycerol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In particular, the impact of reduced pyruvate-decarboxylase (PDC) and increased NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) levels was studied. The glycerol yield was 4·7 times (a pdc mutant exhibiting 19% of normal PDC activity) and 6·5 times (a strain exhibiting 20-fold increased GPD activity resulting from overexpression of GPD1 gene) that of the wild type. In the strain carrying both enzyme activity alterations, the glycerol yield was 8·1 times higher than that of the wild type. In all cases, the substantial increase in glycerol yield was associated with a reduction in ethanol yield and a higher by-product formation. The rate of glycerol formation in the pdc mutant was, due to a slower rate of glucose catabolism, only twice that of the wild type, and was increased by GPD1 overexpression to three times that of the wild-type level. Overexpression of GPD1 in the wild-type background, however, led to a six- to seven-fold increase in the rate of glycerol formation. The experimental work clearly demonstrates the rate-limiting role of GPD in glycerol formation in S. cerevisiae.
Simty: un processeur SIMT généraliste synthétisable (2016)

Simty is a massively multi-threaded processor core that dynamically assembles SIMD instructions from scalar multi-thread code. It runs the RISC-V (RV32-I) instruction set. Unlike existing SIMD or SIMT processors like GPUs, Simty takes binaries compiled for general-purpose processors without any instruction set extension or compiler changes. Simty is described in synthesizable RTL. A FPGA prototype validates its scaling up to 2048 threads per core with 32-wide SIMD units.
[Making up tuberculosis risk groups from decreed contingents]. (2001)

The paper provides materials to make up risk groups from decreed contingents by using the database developed and introduced in the Novomoskovsk district, as well as a programme for rapid determination of the risk of tuberculosis. This procedure reduces a scope of fluorographic surveys among the decreed contingents, as well as their expenditures by 60%. Moreover, it may be useful for professional choice in the employment of the decreed persons, which may promote a decrease in the incidence of tuberculosis among them.
A High-Performance FFT Algorithm for Vector Supercomputers (1988)

Many traditional algorithms for computing the fast Fourier transform (FFT) on conventional computers are unacceptable for advanced vector and parallel computers because they involve nonunit, power-of-two memory strides. This paper presents a practical technique for computing the FFT that avoids all such strides and ap pears to be near-optimal for a variety of current vector and parallel computers. Performance results of a pro gram based on this technique are presented. Notable among these results is that a Fortran implementation of this algorithm on the CRAY-2 runs up to 77% faster than Cray's assembly-coded library routine.