gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CD-ROM as a mass storage device (2003)

The authors discuss the physical characteristics of a CD-ROM which is capable of holding the equivalent of approximately 270000 pages of textual data or over 10000 digitized images or even audio. This means of storing information is an offshoot of the highly successful audio compact disk. The CD-ROM is a permanent optical storage device that, in conjunction with a player, becomes a powerful peripheral for personal computer users. CD-ROM offers unequaled storage capacity and per-byte economy. Characteristics pertinent to access time, transfer rate and interfaces are discussed. CD-ROM logical characteristics are outlined. Proprietary logical formats are described. The High Sierra proposal for a standard logical is addressed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Purification and characterization of novel chondroitin ABC and AC lyases from <i>Bacteroides stercoris</i> HJ‐15, a human intestinal anaerobic bacterium (2002)

Two novel chondroitinases, chondroitin ABC lyase (EC 4.2.2.4) and chondroitin AC lyase (EC 4.2.2.5), have been purified from Bacteroides stercoris HJ-15, which was isolated from human intestinal bacteria with glycosaminoglycan degrading enzymes. Chondroitin ABC lyase was purified to apparent homogeneity by a combination of QAE-cellulose, CM-Sephadex C-50, hydroxyapatite and Sephacryl S-300 column chromatography with a final specific activity of 45.7 micromol.min-1.mg-1. Chondroitin AC lyase was purified to apparent homogeneity by a combination of QAE-cellulose, CM-Sephadex C-50, hydroxyapatite and phosphocellulose column chromatography with a final specific activity of 57.03 micromol.min-1.mg-1. Chondroitin ABC lyase is a single subunit of 116 kDa by SDS/PAGE and gel filtration. Chondroitin AC lyase is composed of two identical subunits of 84 kDa by SDS/PAGE and gel filtration. Chondroitin ABC and AC lyases showed optimal activity at pH 7.0 and 40 degrees C, and 5.7-6.0 and 45-50 degrees C, respectively. Both chondroitin lyases were potently inhibited by Cu2+, Zn2+, and p-chloromercuriphenyl sulfonic acid. The purified Bacteroidal chondroitin ABC lyase acted to the greatest extent on chondroitin sulfate A (chondroitin 4-sulfate), to a lesser extent on chondroitin sulfate B (dermatan sulfate) and C (chondroitin 6-sulfate). The purified chondroitin AC lyase acted to the greatest extent on chondroitin sulfate A, and to a lesser extent on chondroitin C and hyaluronic acid. They did not act on heparin and heparan sulfate. These findings suggest that the biochemical properties of these purified chondroitin lyases are different from those of the previously purified chondroitin lyases.
Efficient Expression of Modified Human Papillomavirus 16 E6/E7 Fusion Protein and the Antitumor Efficacy in a Mouse Model (2004)

Infection with human papillomavirus, particularly type 16 (HPV16), is highly associated with the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. The two early viral oncogenes, E6 and E7, are selectively retained and constitutively expressed in tumor cells and are therefore attractive immunotherapeutic targets. Thus a vaccine strategy based on recombinant HPV16 E6/E7 fusion protein represents an efficient approach against HPV16-associated tumors. Although the expression level of HPV16 E6/E7 fusion protein was presumed to be low, direct experimental proof in vivo was lacking. To enhance the expression level and investigate its antitumor efficacy in vivo, we constructed a modified HPV16 E6/E7 fusion gene with three point-mutations and expressed it in Escherichia coli. The encoded protein, denoted mE6(1-120)/mE7(1-60), comprises 120 N-terminus amino acids of E6 and 60 N-terminus amino acids of E7 plus a histine tag, was purified on an affinity column, and subsequently characterized by Western blotting. Immunization of mice with mE6(1-120)/mE7(1-60) completely protected them against subsequent challenge and rechallenge with TC-1 tumor cells expressing HPV16 E6 and E7 proteins. In the therapeutic experiments, most mice eliminated the preexisting tumors and had a long-term protection. Consistent with the results of in vivo experiments, the splenocytes from immunized mice elicited cytotoxic T lymphocytes and specifically lysed TC-1 cells in vitro. More importantly, the expression level of mE6(1-120)/mE7(1-60) was significantly improved, meeting the necessary quantity required for a vaccine clinical trial. In conclusion, these data provide a scientific basis for the use of modified mE6(1-120)/mE7(1-60) in future human trials.
Vector reconstruction of multicomponent seismic data (2013)

ABSTRACT A multicomponent seismic record was transformed to the frequency-wavenumber domain using the quaternion Fourier transform. This transform was integrated into the projection onto convex sets algorithm to allow for the reconstruction of vector signals. The method took advantage of the spectral overlap of components in the frequency-wavenumber domain. The results of the method were compared with standard component-by-component reconstruction. Results were found for synthetic and real data including an example of 5D reconstruction of a converted-wave data set acquired over a heavy oil reservoir. We found an improvement in reconstruction quality producing fully sampled radial and transverse offset-azimuth gathers with a preserved vector relationship.
Psychometric Properties of the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale in a Referred Population (2003)

The VADPRS is a reliable, cost-effective assessment for ADHD in clinical and research settings.
Reliability of LSI Memory Circuits Exposed to Laser Cutting (1979)

Laser activation of spare row or column elements of VLSI memories is a powerful tool for yield enhancement, and is presently in use on a 64K-bit MOS RAM. In order to learn as much as possible about the application and reliability of this new technology in advance of its use in manufacture, experiments were carried out on the effects of the laser on materials and structures of the device. Also, laser-cut 16K RAM testers and polysilicon resistors were bias-temperature aged, with particular attention paid to electrical drifts which might indicate penetration of contaminants at the laser-cut site. So far there is no indication of a reliability problem associated with laser processing.
Thread‐like Supercapacitors Based on One‐Step Spun Nanocomposite Yarns (2014)

Thread-like electronic devices have attracted great interest because of their potential applications in wearable electronics. To produce high-performance, thread-like supercapacitors, a mixture of stable dispersions of single-walled carbon nanotubes and conducting polyaniline nanowires are prepared. Then, the mixture is spun into flexible yarns with a polyvinyl alcohol outer sheath by a one-step spinning process. The composite yarns show excellent mechanical properties and high electrical conductivities after sufficient washing to remove surfactants. After applying a further coating layer of gel electrolyte, two flexible yarns are twisted together to form a thread-like supercapacitor. The supercapacitor based on these two yarns (SWCNTs and PAniNWs) possesses a much higher specific capacitance than that based only on pure SWCNTs yarns, making it an ideal energy-storage device for wearable electronics.
[Use of bentonite clays as accumulation media for enterobacteria]. (2001)

Bentonite media consisting of phosphate saline buffer and bentonite corpuscles of certain size are proposed as accumulation media for Enterobacteriaceae. The "attitude" of the studied bacteria to bentonite particles of different size is selective. Salmonella and Shigella multiply in medium consisting of 0.001 mm particles in 1% concentration similarly as in common growth media. The growth of Yersinia in medium of 0.05-mm corpuscles in 1% concentration was 3 Lg higher than in common growth medium. Bentonite media are cheap, easily available, and economic in comparison with common accumulation media.
Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs)‐Derived Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon Anchored on Graphene with Multifunctional Effects for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2018)

Abstract Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are highly appealing for next‐generation electrochemical energy storage owing to their high theoretical energy density, environmental friendliness, and low cost. However, the insulating nature of sulfur and migration of dissolved polysulfide intermediates lead to low active material utilization and fast capacity decay, which pose a significant challenge to their practical applications. Here, this paper reports a multifunctional carbon hybrid with metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)‐derived nitrogen‐doped porous carbon anchored on graphene sheets (NPC/G) serving as a sulfur host. On the one hand, the high surface area and nitrogen‐doping of the carbon nanoparticles enable effective polysulfide immobilization through both physical confinement and chemical adsorption; on the other hand, the highly conductive graphene provides an interconnected conductive framework to facilitate fast electron transport, improving the sulfur utilization. As a result, the NPC/G‐based sulfur cathode exhibits a high specific capacity of 1372 mAh g −1 with good cycling stability over 300 cycles. This approach provides a promising approach for the design of MOFs‐derived carbon materials for high performance Li–S batteries.
Coronary dilatory action of adenosine analogues: a comparative study. (1977)

The coronary dilatory action of 23 adenosine analogues was investigated on a comparative basis after i.v. administration in anaesthetized dogs. Substitution of adenosine in position 5' with a COOH group and esterification led to a 50- to 100-fold increase in coronary efficacy (flow increase integrated over the time of action). Amidation of the carboxylic acid analogue further enhanced the coronary efficacy. The most effective analogue, adenosine-5'-ethyl-carboxamide, showed 20000 times greater activity than adenosine. Additional substitution in positions 2' and 3' with NO2, O-methoxy-methyliden or O-methoxyethyliden resulted in a delayed onset and prolonged duration of action.
Tungsten Carbide Microspheres as a Noble‐Metal‐Economic Electrocatalyst for Methanol Oxidation (2005)

Thrifty catalysis: Tungsten carbide microspheres with high surface area and CO chemisorption capacity were prepared by heating mixtures of a resorcinol–formaldehyde polymer and ammonium metatungstate. Platinum supported on these microspheres (see electron micrograph) shows higher activity than the commercial catalyst with 20 % Pt–Ru (1:1) on C for the electrooxidation of methanol.
The glutamate analog 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate antagonizes synaptic transmission from cones to horizontal cells in the goldfish retina. (1989)

In the retina, the glutamate analog 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB) distinguishes a class of glutamate receptors that is thought to be found only on depolarizing bipolar cells (DBCs). We now report that APB is a potent antagonist of cone-driven horizontal cells in the goldfish retina. APB hyperpolarized the membrane to the same potential as cobalt Ringer's and blocked the light responses. APB acted specifically on the cone pathway, as it had no effect on rod-driven horizontal cells. The lowest effective APB concentration for antagonistic action on the horizontal cells (approximately 2 microM) was similar to the concentration for agonist action on DBCs. APB was not able to block the actions of exogenous glutamate or kainate on horizontal cells. We propose that the action of APB on the cone-horizontal cell synapse is mediated at a site that is distinct from the glutamate and kainate binding site. Therefore, APB is most probably acting at a different locus on the synaptic glutamatergic receptors of the horizontal cells or at presynaptic receptors located on the cones themselves.
The Effectiveness of Tuberculo-Glycolipid as an Adjuvant in Eliciting Allergic Encephalomyelitis and Aspermatogenesis, (1959)

Summary and Conclusions Guinea pigs were injected with testicular extract incorporated in water-in-oil emulsion containing graded amounts of killed, dried Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Wax D from human type of tubercle bacilli. The minimum amount of tubercle bacilli required to induce aspermatogenesis was 0.015 mg; and of Wax D, 0.1 mg. Guinea pigs were injected with rabbit spinal cord incorporated in water-in-oil emulsion containing graded amounts of killed, dried M. tuberculosis or Wax D from human strain tubercle bacilli. The minimum amount of tubercle bacilli required to induce encephalomyelitis with death was 0.04 mg; and of Wax D, 0.4 mg. The minimum amount of tubercle bacilli which induces encephalomyelitis with recovery was 0.02 mg; and of Wax D, 0.2 mg. The guinea pigs were tested for tuberculin sensitization. The minimum amount of tubercle bacilli or Wax D in the water-in-oil emulsion required for sensitization was determined: 0.0004 mg for M. tuberculosis, and 0.2 mg for Wax D. The data summarized in paragraphs 1 and 2 above indicate that 7–10 times more Wax D than tubercle bacilli was required for inducing allergic encephalomyelitis and aspermatogenesis. Since Wax D is only 6–8% of the whole bacillus, it may be concluded that if Wax D is the active factor in inducing delayed hypersensitivity, it is 84–160 times more active when contained in the mycobacterium than after isolation and purification. This consideration is not in favor of, but does not exclude, the role of Wax D in eliciting hypersensitivity of the delayed type. Various interpretations are discussed.
G. S. C. Tree-Ring Scanning Densitometer and Data Acquisition System (1970)

A tree-ring scanning densitometer and data acquisition system has been built by the Geological Survey of Canada to extract tree-ring density and tree-ring width data from dendrochronological specimens and X-ray negatives of specimens. The system produces tree-ring density plots, ring density and ring-width bar graphs, and printed and punch tape digital data. This prototype was built primarily from commercial pre-constructed electronic components, but a modified densitometer and other original-design units also were used in the construction.
Solution studies on the cuboidal mixed-metal complex molybdenum iron sulfido aqua ([Mo3FeS4(H2O)10]4+) (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolution studies on the cuboidal mixed-metal complex molybdenum iron sulfido aqua ([Mo3FeS4(H2O)10]4+)Paul W. Dimmock, Dominic P. E. Dickson, and A. Geoffrey SykesCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1990, 29, 25, 5120–5125Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00350a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00350a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Growth and characterization of relaxor ferroelectric PMNT single crystals (1999)

Abstract The results of relaxor ferroelectric PMNT single crystals grown by a modified Bridgman method with the size more than φ25×40 mm are reported in this paper. The crystal habit and growth mechanism of PMNT has been investigated to optimize the growth conditions. The reason that the PMNT crystals will grow along [111] direction under the condition of no seed crystals has been illustrated. It was found that the domain configuration in PMNT is much complicated and they will dominate the piezoelectric properties of PMNT single crystals. The characterization of PMNT single crystals shows that PMNT 67/33 single crystals have d33>2000pC/N. ϵ∼5500, k33-0.93. Keywords: relaxor ferroelectrics: PMNTcrystal growth: domain configurationcharacterization
Online Shopping Hesitation (2006)

This study was designed to understand which factors influence consumer hesitation or delay in online product purchases. The study examined four groups of variables (i.e., consumer characteristics, contextual factors perceived uncertainty factors, and medium/channel innovation factors) that predict three types of online shopping hesitation (i.e., overall hesitation, shopping cart abandonment, and hesitation at the final payment stage). We found that different sets of delay factors are related to different aspects of online shopping hesitation. The study concludes with suggestion for various delay-reduction devices to help consumers close their online decision hesitation.
Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in three Brazilian Indian tribes (1996)

The first 360 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) major noncoding region from 82 individuals affiliated with the Brazilian Xavante, Zoró and Gavião tribes were sequenced. A total of 14 different lineages were observed, the largest number (8) being found among the Zoró. The latter share five lineages with the Gavião (who are their neighbors and are culturally similar to them), but only one with the Xavante. The lineages can be grouped into four clusters, previously identified by other authors. The 9 base pair deletion characteristic of Asian and Pacific populations occurs in 32% of the individuals, whose mtDNA was classified in five lineages, all grouped in one of the four clusters. Nucleotide diversity, as evaluated by three indices, are not much different from those observed in Indians from Central and North America, despite the fact that the Xavante consistently show lower numbers. These results do not confirm previous generalizations about the genetic diversity of Amerindians, and the need for additional studies in this system is stressed. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The Infared Spectra of Metalloporphyrins (4000-160 Cm<sup>-1</sup>) (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Infared Spectra of Metalloporphyrins (4000-160 Cm-1)L. J. Boucher and J. J. KatzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 6, 1340–1345Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1967Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00982a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00982a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1572Altmetric-Citations171LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
THE LIMNOLOGY OF SOME SOUTH AFRICAN IMPOUNDMENTS I. THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL LIMNOLOGY OF HARTBEESPOORT DAM (1977)

SUMMARY Hartbeespoort Dam is a eutrophic, warm monomictic lake with overturn occurring in April. The lake is stratified for about six months of the year and in late summer the stratification appears stable. Light penetration in the dam depends both on the inflow of turbid water as well as on the magnitude of the algal population. In summer the surface waters are often super-saturated with oxygen, whilst the hype limnion is anaerobic. The concentrations of nitrogen compounds, phosphate, Na, K, Ca, CI and SO4 are higher in waters entering the dam via the Crocodile River. Nitrogen compounds arc the primary growth-limiting nutrients for algal growth and phosphate is the secondary growth-limiting nutrient. Phosphate concentrations in the water have increased approximately a hundredfold since 1928 and NO3 −N concentrations about threefold. The pH as well as the mineral content of the dam have also increased over the last 50 years.
Improvement of the differential busbar characteristic to avoid false operation during to CT saturation (2012)

The proposed technique is based on extracting the windowed wavelet transform of fault generated transients to distinguish between faults in a busbar protection zone from those outside the zone, particularly in case of early and severe current transformer (CT) saturation. Most given techniques are tending to block the differential measurement during the portion of the cycle that a current transformer is saturated. Some other techniques bring more meaning to the breakpoint settings of the operating characteristic. The traditional differential concept is based on the current magnitude for estimating the restraining and biasing values. The significant imbalance comes from the secondary current of a current transformer with a resistive burden which collapses to zero when saturation occurs and it remains at zero until the time when the next zero crossing would have occurred. The study describes a new technique with improved characteristic and the differential concept does not depend on the current magnitude. The wavelet transform (WT) depends on high frequencies of the faulted signal produced owing to CT saturation. The proposed WT is based on Mexican basis function that was found to be an excellent discriminant for identifying the fault signals during the CT saturation. The time and frequency information during saturation are obtained rather than the current magnitude.
MicroRNA Signatures in Neurological Disorders (2010)

A class of small, non-coding transcripts called microRNAs (miRNAs) that play a major role in post-transcriptional gene regulation has recently emerged and become the focus of intense research. MicroRNAs are abundant in the nervous system, where they have key roles in development and are likely to be important mediators of plasticity. A highly conserved pathway of miRNA biogenesis is closely linked to the transport and translatability of mRNAs in neurons. MicroRNAs have been shown to modulate programmed cell death during development. Although there are nearly 750 known human miRNA sequences, each of only approximately 20-25 nucleotides in length that bind to multiple mRNA targets, the accurate prediction of miRNA targets seems to lie just beyond our grasp. Nevertheless, the identification of such targets promises to provide new insights into many facets of neuronal function. In this review, we briefly describe miRNA biogenesis and the principle approaches for studying the function of miRNAs and potential application of miRNAs as biomarkers, diagnostic targets, and potential therapeutic tools of human diseases in general and neurological disorders in particular.