gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mortality in Diabetes (1990)

Compared with the general population or non-diabetic controls, people with non-insulindependent diabetes mellitus have an increased mortality rate from all causes, though the degree of increased risk varies in different studies and diminishes with increasing age at diagnosis The higher mortality rates are due to a higher absolute and proportional rate of cardiovascular deaths, principally from coronary heart disease [1, 2]; mortality ratios are thus generally higher for cardiovascular deaths than for all causes. Some studies report higher relative risk for female diabetics, but this is not a consistent finding
Research of quickly identifying markers on Augmented Reality (2010)

For complicated calculation caused by marker unwrapping in two main visual marker tracking platforms in Augmented Reality, ARToolKit and ARTag, a new kind of markers based on ARToolKit is designed and implemented, which are called diagonal connected components markers. Those markers can be recognized without unwrapping, which just rely on numbers of white connected components of two diagonals of those markers. Experiment results show that compared with ARToolKit markers, the speed of recognition of those new markers is greatly increased.
Effect of Prior Toothcleaning on Bi-Annual Professional Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride Topical Fluoride Gel-Tray Treatments (1984)

Need for professional prophylaxis prior to an acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) topical fluoride gel-tray application was assessed by comparing 3 years’ caries increments in three groups of school children. The children were initially 10–14 years old and resided in a fluoride-deficient community (F ≤ 0.1 ppm). All received bi-annual APF topical fluoride gel-tray treatments performed in the children’s schools by hygienist-assistant teams using portable equipment. Group I had a hygienist-administered prophylaxis with a fluoride-free prophylaxis paste prior to the fluoride treatment, and served as the positive control. Group II brushed and flossed their teeth under supervision, and group III had no toothcleaning prior to the topical fluoride treatment. Of 1,453 children examined at baseline, 949 were available for the final examination. There were no statistically significant differences between the 3 years’ DMFS or DMFT increments of groups II and III compared to group I. This result indicates that a meticulous, professionally administered prophylaxis may not be necessary before patients are given a topical fluoride treatment.
A computer Vision Algorithm for Tangerine Yield Estimation (2013)

The specific objective of this paper is to develop a computer vision algorithm to detect and count tangerine flowers in an image for estimate tangerine crops. The algorithm consists of image acquisition, Gaussian filter to remove noise, white color detection, counting of tangerine flowers. A Gaussian filter was used to reduce noise and illumination adjustment as much as possible for better clarity. It is observed that the developed method gives better valid output for tangerine flower detection in natural outdoor lighting, with different lighting condition without any alternative lighting source to control the luminance. The simulation result reveals that the method is reliable, feasible and efficient compared to other existing methods.
Automated Cloud Tracking Using Precisely Aligned Digital ATS Pictures (1972)

The measurement of winds to an accuracy of at least 2 knots (1 m/s) is a major requirement of the global atmospheric research program (GARP) [1]. Such accurate wind measurements will be needed over large regions presently lacking ground or rawinsonde observations. A man-computer system called WINDCO has been developed to measure cloud motion from ATS pictures. This system is capable of providing cloud motion measurements that are repeatable to within 6 knots over two independent time intervals in the majority of cases.
A figura do carona no Sistema de Registro de Preços da Administração Pública (2013)

O trabalho monografico tem por objetivo estudar a figura do “carona” no sistema de registro de precos da Administracao Publica, com vistas a apresentar as diferentes posicoes doutrinarias e as decisoes divergentes de alguns Tribunais de Contas Brasileiros sobre aplicabilidade do instituto a luz dos principios que regem a atividade administrativa brasileira, em especial, legalidade, isonomia, moralidade e economicidade. Para tanto, o aludido trabalho cientifico aborda a finalidade da Administracao Publica Brasileira, assim como os principios constitucionais e licitatorios que regem as licitacoes publicas. Apresenta, ainda, os aspectos gerais do instituto juridico da licitacao e as possibilidades de contratacao direta previstas na lei de licitacoes. Estuda-se, assim, a sistematica do registro de precos, ressaltando os aspectos atinentes a ata de registro de precos e a figura do “carona”. Tambem sao listadas as opinioes doutrinarias favoraveis e contrarias a utilizacao do “carona” pela Administracao Publica. Ao concluir a pesquisa, tem-se algumas posicoes dos Tribunais de Contas brasileiros acerca do procedimento de adesao a ata de registro de precos. Nesse passo, importante destacar que o tema estudado suscita muita controversia na doutrina e junto aos Tribunais de Contas brasileiros, tendo em vista, especialmente, o enfrentamento da materia frente aos principios norteadores da Administracao Publica.
Outcome of Neonates Less Than 30 Weeks Gestation with Histologic Chorioamnionitis (2005)

The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term outcome of newborns less than 30 weeks gestation when there is definite placental histologic chorioamnionitis. A retrospective analysis was performed of records of all neonates delivered at our institution from January 1989 through January 1999. This information was retrieved from our perinatal database and pathology database. The population was stratified according to the presence or absence of histologic chorioamnionitis. Statistical analysis was performed using student t-test and Mann-Whitney method. Logistic regression was used to control for potential confounding variables. There were 392 neonates less than 30 weeks gestation delivered during this time period. Complete placental histology was available for 342 patients (87.4%). Histologic chorioamnionitis was identified in 140 (40.9%) cases. Those with histologic chorioamnionitis delivered sooner (26.3 versus 27.5 weeks), were of lower birth weight (920.1 versus 1029.8 g), and had lower 5-minute Apgarscores. Neonatal septicaemia and pneumonia were strongly associated with underlying histologic chorioamnionitis. There was a significant reduction in the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) when histologic chorioamnionitis was present. Severe histologic chorioamnionitis increases the risk of premature delivery and is strongly associated with neonatal sepsis. There is a significant reduction in the incidence of RDS and neonatal mortality.
A Revised Medium for Growth of Pea Mesophyll Protoplasts (1977)

Abstract The nutrient requirements of mesophyll protoplasts from Pisum sativum L. cv. Timo have been investigated and a synthetic and completely defined medium has been designed. A high calcium concentration (12 m M ) stimulated both protoplast survival and cell division. The content of iron and zinc was also critical. Additions of nicotinic acid, pyridoxine and thiamine were necessary. The protoplast growth was enhanced when some amino acids were included in the medium. An absolute requirement for auxin and cytokinin was shown. In the revised medium about 90% of the isolated protoplasts survived and formed a cell wall. The first divisions were observed after 5 days and after 1 week 10–20% of the cells had divided at least once.
Ecosystem Complexity Described With Ontological Tool for a multi-scale, multi-model approaches in distributed environment (2004)

Aquatic ecosystems are natural complex systems. They are the site of a great number of phenomena. Thus, many studies model each of these phenomena, using law-based approach (most of the time differential equations ) or rulebased approach (individual-based models in particular). Owing to their complex nature, aquatic ecosystems are hard to study and resist a reductionist approach. We based our model on the holarchic (non directional hierarchic) nature of the ecosystems. First, aquatic ecosystems are crossed by structuring fluxes (light radiation, mass transport, etc.) which are mainly conveyed by fluid flow. So, we propose to model these fluid flows with a multi-scale simulation detecting emergent formation and managing them on different scales. Second, a part of aquatic ecosystems are species organizations called food chain. These ones are themselves interacting complex subsystems with multi non-directional retroactions between them and their environment. These retroactions can be modeled at different levels. Thus, we propose an hybrid holarchic compartmental model. This one aims at easing the gathering of phenomenon in a multi-model, multilevel simulation for studying food chain. We finally present a fluid-flow simulation and a food chain simulation using the proposed models.
Eosinophils and immune mechanisms. VI. The synergistic combination of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IL-5 accounts for eosinophil-stimulation promoter activity in <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>-infected mice. (1990)

Eosinophil stimulation promoter (ESP) is a lymphokine activity that stimulates eosinophil migration and is produced by mitogen or specific Ag stimulation of spleen cells from mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. It is also produced by intact, schistosome egg-induced granulomas isolated from the livers of such mice without additional antigenic exposure. The production of ESP activity is decreased during chronic infection in a time course coordinate with granuloma modulation. Characterization of ESP was pursued to determine its relationship to other cytokines and to identify factors that may play a role in granuloma formation and modulation. Chromatographic separations, assays of recombinant cytokines, and cytokine-specific immunodepletions were used in the characterization. ESP+ supernatant fluids contain both granulocyte-macrophage CSF and IL-5. The removal of both granulocyte-macrophage CSF and IL-5 is required to eliminate ESP activity, and together they act synergistically to constitute ESP.
Adsorption and Hysteresis of Bisphenol A and 17α-Ethinyl Estradiol on Carbon Nanomaterials (2008)

Adsorption of 17alpha-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and bisphenol A (BPA) on carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) was investigated. Single point adsorption coefficients (K) showed significant relationship with specific surface areas of CNMs for both chemicals, indicating surface area is a major factor for EDC adsorption on CNMs. BPA adsorption capacity is higher than EE2 on fullerene and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT). Our molecular conformation simulation indicated that BPA has a unique ability to adsorb on the curvature surface of CNMs because of its "butterfly" structure of two benzene rings. The higher adsorption capacity of BPA over EE2 is well explained by considering helical (diagonal) coverage of BPA on the CNMs surface and wedging of BPA into the groove and interstitial region of CNM bundles or aggregates. The comparison of K(HW) (hexadecane-water partition coefficient) normalized adsorption coefficients between EDCs and several polyaromatic hydrocarbons indicates that pi-pi electron donor--acceptor system is an important mechanism forthe adsorption of benzene-containing chemicals on CNMs. The high adsorption capacity and strong desorption hysteresis of both chemicals on SWCNT indicate that SWCNT is a potential adsorbent for water treatment.
Erythrodynamics in Goldfish, Carassius auratus L.: Temperature Effects (1992)

Goldfish, Carassius auratus L., were acclimated to constant (con15°, con25°, and con35° C) and diurnally cycling cyc25° ± 10° C) temperature regimes or exposed to abrupt heat shock (15° to shock25° C; 25° to shock35° C). Changes in peripheral erythrocyte populations were assessed in terms of red-cell numbers, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean erythrocytic volume and hemoglobin, cell major and minor axes, one-sided surface area, axis ratio, form factor ([4π area]/[perimeter²]) and ³H-thymidine uptake, and distribution. Temperature evoked a multicomponent response involving increased rates of erythropoiesis, karyorrhexis, and division of circulating juvenile cells. In addition, there was evidence of accelerated maturation and release of juvenile cells from storage sites. As Hb phenotype options are influenced by conditions obtaining during cell formation and/or maturation, adjustment of isomorph abundances may be achieved with minimal concomitant increase in blood viscosity and cardiac work through partial elimination and replacement of preexisting erythrocytes.
Spatial behavior analysis at the global level using fractal geometry. (2008)

Previous work has suggested that an estimate of fractal dimension can provide a useful metric for quantifying settlement patterns. This study uses fractal methods to investigate settlement patterns at a global scale showing that the scaling behavior of the pattern of the world's largest cities corresponds to that typically observed for coastlines and rivers. This serves to validate the use of fractal dimension as a scale-independent measure of settlement patterns which can be correlated with other physical features. Such a measure may be a useful validation criterion for models of human settlement and spatial behavior.
MATRIX REPRESENTATION AND ESTIMATIONS OF REMAINDER TERM OF MANY-KNOT SPLINE INTERPOLATING CURVES AND SURFACES (1982)

Many-knot spline interpolation is a new class of curve and surface fitting method,created by the author in 1974. Many-knot spline is suitable to Computer Aided Geo-metrie Design and handling problems for some data. In this paper the matrix forms of representation of interpolating function are con-sidered, the estimations of remainder term for quadratic and cubic many-knot splineare given: ||R_2~((l))(x)|| = O(h~(3--1)), l = 0, 1, 2and ||R_3~((l))(x)|| = O(h~(4--1)), l = 0, 1, 2, 3.
Superoxide dismutase activity in dauerlarvae of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) (1982)

Dauerlarvae are reportedly adapted to withstand adverse environmental conditions. Current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the unique characteristics of dauerlarvae is limited. This study characterizes superoxide dismutase (SODase) activity in several developmental stages of Caenorhabditis elegans (originally described by E. Maupas in 1900). Extracts of dauerlarvae have 17.1 units SODase per milligram protein, as compared with 4.3 and 3.8 units per milligram for obligate larvae and young adults, respectively. Since oxygen consumption in dauerlarvae is lower than that of young adults, the ratio of SODase to oxygen consumption is markedly higher in dauerlarvae than in young adults. The elevated SODase might contribute to an increased resistance to a variety of environmental stresses, including radiation. Furthermore, the elevation of this activity relative to metabolic rate could account for the long life-span of dauerlarvae.
A Self-Checking Scheme to Mitigate Single Event Upset Effects in SRAM-Based FPAAs (2009)

In this work the problem of Single Event Upset (SEU) is considered in a recent analog technology: The Field Programmable Analog Arrays (FPAAs). Some FPAA models are based on SRAM memory cells to implement the user programmability, which makes this kind of device vulnerable to SEU when employed in applications susceptible to the incidence of radiation. In the former part of this work some fault injection experiments are made in order to investigate the effects of SEU in the SRAM blocks of a commercial FPAA. For this purpose, single bit inversions are injected in the FPAA programming bitstream, when an oscillator module is programmed. In a second moment, a self-checking scheme using the studied FPAA is proposed. This scheme, which is built from the FPAA programming resources, is able to restore the original programming data if an error is detected. Fault injection is also performed to investigate the reliability of the proposed scheme when the bitstream section which controls the checker blocks is corrupted due to a SEU.
Effects of high-current pulses on polycrystalline silicon diode with <i>n</i>-type region heavily doped with both boron and phosphorus (1982)

A new phenomenon in polycrystalline silicon lateral diodes with very high doping concentrations is observed experimentally. The impurity concentrations of the experimental devices are greater than 1020 cm−3 in both n- and p-type regions, and the n-region is doped with both boron and phosphorus. When current pulses of 106 A/cm2 or larger are applied, abrupt transition of the current-voltage characteristics from those of a diode to those of a resistor is observed.
Oestrogen regulates cathepsin D mRNA levels in oestrogen responsive human breast cancer cells (1987)

A cDNA library was constructed from the mRNA of the ZR-75 oestrogen responsive human breast cancer cell line and screened for oestrogen regulated mRNA sequences. Of the recombinants isolated, 30 contained cDNA that corresponded to a single mRNA species of 2.1 kb that was induced between 10 and 15 fold by oestradiol treatment. The sequence of the entire open reading frame and 3' non-coding region of the mRNA was determined and shown to encode the aspartyl protease cathepsin D. The induction of cathepsin D mRNA is specific for oestrogen and is maximal at 3 X 10(-10) M. Cathepsin D mRNA levels were increased by oestrogen in 3 oestrogen responsive breast cancer cell lines. Cathepsin D mRNA was expressed but not regulated in an oestrogen receptor negative breast tumour cell line, BT 20, and in 2 other malignant cell lines, Hela and A431.
Modeling of remote sensing of thin current sheet (2004)

Cluster encountered a thin current sheet in the magnetotail during a substorm on Oct. 1, 2001. The phase space distributions observed by Cluster CIS showed large gradients in the phase space with ions existing only in one hemisphere of the phase space. It has been suggested that these non‐gyrotropic distributions come from remote sensing of a thin current sheet by spacecrafts outside the current sheet. We present the results of a test particle simulation that confirm non‐gyrotropic distributions can arise from remote sensing of a thin current sheet. These non‐gyrotropic distributions can yield large velocity moments even when the plasma is stationary. The large velocity moments are not in the convective flow direction that would be normal to the current sheet. Instead they are along the n × B direction where n is normal to the boundary. These modeling results reinforce the importance of examining full particle distributions when studying plasma sheet dynamics.
Pressure-dependent electrical conductivity of freestanding three-dimensional carbon nanotube network (2013)

The dependence of electrical conductivity on compression of a freestanding three-dimensional carbon nanotube (CNT) network is investigated. This macrostructure is made of mm-long and entangled CNTs, forming a random skeleton with open pores. The conductivity linearly increases with the applied compression. This behaviour is due to increase of percolating pathways—contacts among neighbouring CNTs—under loads that is highlighted by in situ scanning electron microscopy analysis. The network sustains compressions up to 75% and elastically recovers its morphology and conductivity during the release period. The repeatability coupled with the high mechanical properties makes the CNT network interesting for pressure-sensing applications.
Synthesis of Boc-Amino Tetrazoles Derived from α-Amino Acids (2009)

Abstract A simple route for the synthesis of Boc-protected tetrazole analogs of amino acids starting from N α-Boc amino acids has been described. The [2 + 3] cycloaddition of Boc-α-amino nitrile and sodium azide in the presence of a catalytic amount of zinc bromide yielded the desired tetrazoles in good yields and purity. All the compounds obtained have been characterized by 1H and 13C-NMR and mass spectral studies.
An FEC-based error control scheme for wireless MPEG-4 video transmission (2002)

In this paper, we propose an FEC-based error control scheme for the transmission of low bit rate MPEG-4 video over wireless channels. The proposed error control scheme, through integrating with MPEG-4 inherent error resilient techniques, divides the MPEG-4 bitstream into several classes. Such division of the bitstream not only facilitates unequal error protection for different classes of data but also allows local reorganization of the bitstream into a fixed-length structure. This reorganization enables robust decoding at the receiving end, however, results in little side information and causes negligible delay. The proposed scheme can also be combined with motion-compensation based error concealment for effective post processing. Experimental results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed scheme is much better than that of the simple equal error protection scheme, not only in PSNR but also in visual quality, in terms of the reconstructed video frames at the receiver.
Acceleration of Water Uptake and Germination of Sugarbeet Seedballs by Surface Coatings of Hydrophilic Colloids<sup>1</sup> (1959)

Synopsis Water uptake from sand and emergence of seedlings from soil were accelerated.
Determination of the Optimum Application Rate of Pig Slurry for Red Pepper Cultivation (2004)

This study was carried out to determine the application rate of pig slurry for red pepper. Field experiment was designed with non-fertilizer, chemical fertilizer recommended by soil testing (CFRST) and pig slurry treatments. In pig slurry (PS) plots, pig slurry was applied as basal fertilizer with different equivalents to nitrogen of chemical fertilizer plot (60%: PS60, 80%: PS80, 100%: PS100, 120%: PS120) and chemical fertilizer was top-dressed additionally. Soil organic matter contents after 50 day of planting and after experiment in the plots treated with PS were higher than that of CFRST plot, whereas content of of CFRST plot was higher than that of PS plot. Growth of red pepper were lowest in the non-fertilizer plot. Plant lengths of red pepper at 50 day after planting were similar among the different treatments, plant lengths of red pepper of PS100, PS120 and CFRST at 100 day after planting were higher than those of the PS60 and PS80 plots. But Main stem and stem diameter of red pepper were not different among the treatments. Uptake rate of N, P and K by red pepper plant were 27-44, 9-16 and 41-68% for total N, and , respectively. Utilization of applied fertilizer ingredient by red pepper plant were in the order of PS80> PS60> FRST> PS100> PS120. Yield of red pepper tends to increase by 3% in the PS100 compared with the CFRST, but there was not significant difference between PS120 and CFRST. Chemical component of run-off collected from the furrow of the red pepper field was not different among the treatments. Greenhouse gases ( and ) emission of non-fertilizer, PS100 and CFRST during the whole red pepper growth period were 4.0, 4.8 and , and 0.74, 6.68 and . Emission of and in PS100 was higher than those of CFRST by 23% and 26%, respectively. In this connection, to be used the pig slurry for red pepper, it is required that pig slurry must be decomposed for six months or more. Consequently, pig slurry equivalent to nitrogen of basal fertilizer of CFRST with additional top dressing of chemical fertilizer is recommend as an optimum application rate of pig slurry for red pepper.