gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Personal Authentication Using Finger Knuckle Surface (2009)

This paper investigates a new approach for personal authentication using fingerback surface imaging. The texture pattern produced by the finger knuckle bending is highly unique and makes the surface a distinctive biometric identifier. The finger geometry features can be simultaneously acquired from the same image at the same time and integrated to further improve the user-identification accuracy of such a system. The fingerback surface images from each user are normalized to minimize the scale, translation, and rotational variations in the knuckle images. This paper details the development of such an approach using peg-free imaging. The experimental results from the proposed approach are promising and confirm the usefulness of such an approach for personal authentication.
Molecular-beam studies of Penning ionization (1993)

Molecular-beam experiments have exposed a new wealth of detail on the general reaction ${A}^{*}+B\ensuremath{\rightarrow}A+{B}^{+}+{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ first suggested by Penning in 1927. The new capabilities not available to traditional swarm techniques include mass and electron spectroscopy on the reaction products and angle-resolved measurements of the scattering of both reagents and products. These new results have stimulated the recent development of both the electronic structure and the dynamical theories necessary for a first-principles description of at least the simplest of these reactions, those involving small atomic and diatomic species $B$. Recent progress in both experiment and interpretation is critically reviewed, and the prospects for attaining a global understanding of Penning ionization in larger systems are assessed.
Two constructions with parabolic geometries (2005)

This is an expanded version of a series of lectures delivered at the 25th Winter School ``Geometry and Physics'' in Srni. After a short introduction to Cartan geometries and parabolic geometries, we give a detailed description of the equivalence between parabolic geometries and underlying geometric structures. The second part of the paper is devoted to constructions which relate parabolic geometries of different type. First we discuss the construction of correspondence spaces and twistor spaces, which is related to nested parabolic subgroups in the same semisimple Lie group. An example related to twistor theory for Grassmannian structures and the geometry of second order ODE's is discussed in detail. In the last part, we discuss analogs of the Fefferman construction, which relate geometries corresponding different semisimple Lie groups.
BIOFILM FORMATION ON BRASS COUPONS EXPOSED TO COOLING WATER (1997)

Brass coupons were installed in a bypass in an industrial cooling water that uses seawater. The metal samples were removed at 15, 30, 45, and 60-day intervals for quantitative and qualitative analyses of the microorganisms constituting the biofilm adhering to the metal surface. After 15 days of exposure, a biofilm had already been generated which contained aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. The aerobic bacteria were the most stable in relation to quantity, followed by the fungi. Anaerobic microorganisms, as well as sulfate-reducing bacteria, were present at higher concentrations. Variations in sulfide contents were observed in the biofilm. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy revealed microalgae, bacteria, filaments, and corrosion products as constituents of the biofilm adhering to the surface of the metal. After the biofilms were scraped off the brass samples, evidence of corrosion was observed on the metal surface
Numerical investigation of nonlinear oscillations of gas bubbles in liquids (1976)

Forced oscillations of a spherical gas bubble in an incompressible, viscous liquid (water) are calculated numerically. The information gathered is mainly displayed in the form of frequency response curves of the steady-state solutions showing the harmonics, subharmonics, and ultraharmonics. Bubbles oscillating ultraharmonically at frequencies below the main resonance may emit half the driving frequency. This fact gives rise to a new explanation for the occurrence of the first subharmonic in the spectrum of the cavitation noise in ultrasonic cavitation. Subject Classification: [43]30.70, [43]30.75.
INTOR impurity control and first wall system (1983)

The highlights of the recent INTOR effort on examining the key issues of the impurity control/first wall system are summarized. The emphasis of the work was an integrated study of the edge-region physics, plasma-wall interaction, materials, engineering and magnetic considerations associated with the poloidal divertor and pump limiter. The development of limiter and divertor collector plate designs with an acceptable lifetime was a major part of the work.
Visible blind p+/p/n-/n+ UV 4H-SiC photodiodes based on 4H-SiC homoepilayers (2006)

The p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> /p <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> /n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> /n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">+</sup> structure ultraviolet 4H-SiC photodiodes with different sizes of active areas have been fabricated and characterized by the I-V characteristics and photoresponse spectra. The statistical leakage current was around 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-11</sup> nA at zero bias and it was less than 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-9</sup> A at -5 V obtained from the 100 times 100 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> size samples. The photoresponse spectra, measured at different biases, showed high detectivity at ultraviolet range of 330-360nm, which means that the photodiodes have excellent performance in the detection of the solar ultraviolet light
Allopurinol Inhibits Lipid Peroxidation in Warm Ischaemic and Reperfused Rabbit Kidneys (1989)

Rabbit kidneys were subjected to 120 min of warm ischaemia or to 120 min of warm ischaemia followed by 60 min reperfusion with blood in vivo before being removed, homogenised and incubated at 37 degrees C for 90 min. Lipid extracts were obtained and monitored for Schiff base (fluorescence emission 400-450 nm, excited at 360 nm), thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-reactive material (emission 553 nm, excited at 515 nm) and diene conjugates (absorbance at 237 nm). Samples removed before incubation were assayed for reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidised glutathione (GSSG) to provide an index of glutathione redox activity (GSH:GSSG). Allopurinol injected systemically i.v. (a) 15 mins before kidneys were clamped, (b) 15 mins before they were reperfused or (c) as two injections (before clamping and before reperfusion) significantly inhibited these biochemical markers of lipid peroxidation. Administration before reperfusion had a markedly more pronounced effect than when allopurinol was given before warm ischaemia only. It is concluded that allopurinol is probably effective because of its ability to inhibit xanthine oxidase and consequently lipid peroxidation during reperfusion rather than by preventing loss of purine nucleotides from hypoxic cells during ischaemia.
Alternative methods for attenuation correction for PET images in MR-PET scanners (2007)

This paper describes and compares procedures to obtain attenuation maps used for the absorption correction (AC) of PET brain scans if a transmission scan is not available as in the case of future MR-PET scanners. A previously reported approach called MBA (MRT-based attenuation correction) used T1- weighted MR images which were segmented into four tissue types representing brain tissue, bone, other tissue and sinus to which appropriate attenuation coefficients were assigned. In this work a template-based attenuation correction (TBA) is presented which applies an attenuation template to single subjects. A common attenuation template was created from transmission scans of 10 normal volunteers and spatially normalized to the SPM2 standard brain shape. For each subject the T1-MR template of SPM2 was warped onto the subject’s individual MR image. The resulting warping matrix was applied to the common attenuation template so that an attenuation map matching the subject’s brain shape was obtained. The attenuation maps of MBA and TBA were forward projected into attenuation factors which were alternatively used for AC. FDG scans of four subjects were reconstructed after AC with MBA and TBA and compared to images whose ACs were based on conventional attenuation maps (PBA=PET-based attenuation correction). Using PBA as refer- ence in a region of interest analysis, MBA and TBA showed similar under- and overestimation of the reconstructed radioac- tivity up to −10% and 9%, respectively. The procedure to obtain the attenuation template needs still some improvements. Never- theless, the TBA method of attenuation correction is a promising alternative to MBA with its still complex and not yet resolved accurate segmentation of MR images.
Crowdsourcing Based Description of Urban Emergency Events Using Social Media Big Data (2016)

Crowdsourcing is a process of acquisition, integration, and analysis of big and heterogeneous data generated by a diversity of sources in urban spaces, such as sensors, devices, vehicles, buildings, and human. Especially, nowadays, no countries, no communities, and no person are immune to urban emergency events. Detection about urban emergency events, e.g., fires, storms, traffic jams is of great importance to protect the security of humans. Recently, social media feeds are rapidly emerging as a novel platform for providing and dissemination of information that is often geographic. The content from social media usually includes references to urban emergency events occurring at, or affecting specific locations. In this paper, in order to detect and describe the real time urban emergency event, the 5W (What, Where, When, Who, and Why) model is proposed. Firstly, users of social media are set as the target of crowd sourcing. Secondly, the spatial and temporal information from the social media are extracted to detect the real time event. Thirdly, a GIS based annotation of the detected urban emergency event is shown. The proposed method is evaluated with extensive case studies based on real urban emergency events. The results show the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Les pancréatites chroniques en Afrique francophone de l’Ouest « de la Mauritanie au fleuve Zaïre » (1992)

Les auteurs tentent de faire le point sur la frequence et l’etiologie des pancreatites chroniques en Afrique francophone de l’Ouest. C’est a partir des donnees de la litterature et d’etudes personnelles en Afrique de l’Ouest qu’ils constatent, sur des elements anamnestiques, clinico-biologiques et radiologiques la faible frequence des pancreatites chroniques calcifiantes. Ils retrouvent l’etiologie alcoolique predominante et un tres faible pourcentage de syndrome de pancreatite tropicale lie a la malnutrition.
[Correlation between abnormal serum lipid and erectile dysfunction]. (2005)

Hyperlipidemia is an important factor of ED. HDL and TC/HDL ratio are good predictors of ED.
Introduction of disaster index for the labor of manual snow-removal in Hokuriku, Japan (1982)

This paper reviews several indices for describing the intensity of snow disaster, proposed by the present author (Nakatao, 1968 and 1976) : the three fundamental indices Pθ for this air temperature, PW for the precipitation and PH for the maximum snow cover depth; and applied indices in consideration of the snow-removal operation. Secondly, this paper introduces a new disaster index U, which corresponds to the personal labor in energy E, when a civilian removes manually the snow cover from the road. Personal labor E in the Hokuriku district is expressed in terms of new snowfall depth h. snow cover depth H, road width and so on. In the expression obtained, introducing an equivalent depth of snow removal by λ H, where λ depends on the road condition and snow condition, its value is about 1.7. Rewriting h and H in the expression for E in terms of PW, and PH the manual snow-removal labor index U= kλPWPHB is obtained where k is a certain constant and B is the area of road of personal removal. The index gives the local difference of daily or annual labor in different distracts along the Japan sea.
Characterization of heavy metals resistant heterotrophic bacteria from soils in the Windmill Islands region, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica (2014)

Abstract In this study, selected heavy metals resistant heterotrophic bacteria isolated from soil samples at the Windmill Islands region, Wilkes Land (East Antarctica), were characterized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed affiliation of isolates to genera Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Micrococcus and Stenotrophomonas. The strains were found to be psychrotolerant and halotolerant, able to tolerate up to 10% NaCl in the growth medium. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of the seven heavy metals Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Cd, Zn, and Pb was determined in solid media for each bacterial strain. Gram−positive Vi−2 strain and Gram−negative Vi−4 strain showed highest multiply heavy metals resistance, and Vi−3 and Vi−4 strains showed multi−antibiotic resistance to more than a half of the 13 used antibiotics. Plasmids were detected only in Gram−negative Vi−4 strain. The bacteria were able to produce different hydrolytic enzymes including industrially important proteases, xylanases, cellulases, and β−glucosidases. High heavy metals resistance of the Antarctic bacteria suggests their potential application for wastewater treatment in cold and temperate climates. Highly sensitive to Cd and Co ions Vi−1, Vi−5 and Vi−7 strains would be promising for developing biosensors to detect these most toxic heavy metals in environmental samples.
Aminoalkohole, XIII. Konstellation cyclischer 1.2‐Aminoalkohole (1961)

Abstract An Hand der IR‐Spektren, Dipolmomente und Leitfähigkeitsmessungen werden die Konstellationsverhältnisse cyclischer 1.2‐Aminoalkohole diskutiert.
The efficient operation of the surgical pathology gross room (2008)

The gross room is the area where pathology specimens from operating rooms are transferred for pathology review and analysis, serving as the bridge between the treating physician and diagnostic surgical pathologist. Reaching the correct diagnosis for a specimen depends on the proper handling and processing of tissue transferred to this very busy area. We review here the basic function and management of the gross room including a brief discussion of common specimen types, biohazard exposure and safety, and collection of tissue for research.
Inherent Bias and Noise in the Hough Transform (1983)

Considering the Hough transformation as a linear imaging process recasts certain well-known problems, provides a useful vocab-ulary, and possibly indicates a source of applicable literature on the behavior of the Hough transformation in various forms of noise. A consideration of the analytic form of peaks in parameter space sets the stage for the idea of using complementary (negative) votes to cancel off-peak positive votes in parameter space, thus sharpening peaks and reducing bias.
COVID 19: The catalyst for digital transformation in the hospitality industry? (2021)

Despite its benefits related to efficiency, creating better customer experiences, increasing revenue, and supporting decision-making, until the outbreak of COVID-19 digital transformation was not on many hotels’ strategic plans. However, like in many other industries, the COVID-19 physical distancing good practices and governments’ restrictions acted as catalysts and promoted hotel digitalization. To this end, a questionnaire was administered to 51 hotel managers to verify if that happened in Portuguese hotels and what processes were most impacted. Results showed that 92% of the hotel managers agreed that COVID-19 promoted the digitalization of processes, with most organizations considering that online meetings and technology productivity tools are here to stay. Hotels’ digitalization has the potential to generate high-efficiency gains both in public-facing operations and back-office operations. This study highlights these implications and intends to spur researchers to investigate the practical impact of these implications on business efficiency and social theory.
Generation of Phase-Only Holograms Based on Aliasing Reuse and Application in Holographic See-Through Display System (2019)

In the point-based method, the aliasing phenomenon in the hologram plane is usually considered as a harmful phenomenon because it will degrade the reconstructed image quality. In this paper, the advantage of the aliasing phenomenon is employed to improve the reconstructed image quality of the phase-only hologram. Through analysis of the principle of this phenomenon, we proposed a method to improve the reconstructed image quality of the phase-only hologram. By controlling the strength of the aliasing, the amplitude distribution in the hologram plane can be turned into a nearly uniform distribution. It is helpful to generate an optimized phase-only hologram, which results in higher quality of the reconstructed image because the effect of lost information caused by abandon the amplitude part can be diminished. Moreover, a holographic see-through display system is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
A new approach to the traveling salesman problem (2005)

A new technique for combinatorial optimization is proposed. It is a combination of several variations on existing themes. Specifically it makes combined use of evolutionary programming and simulated annealing in novel ways. Simulation results are reported for 10 city and 50 city tours for the traveling salesman problem. The results show that the authors' proposed (GESA) approach can discover a very good near-optimum solution after examining an extremely small fraction of possible solutions.
Optical network security: technical analysis of fiber tapping mechanisms and methods for detection and prevention (2005)

Increasing emphasis on reliable data transmission for homeland security and network-centric operations makes secure communications a critical component of national security. While fiber optic cables are immune to typical EMI/RFI issues, it is possible to intercept an optical signal successfully if risk areas are not understood and if detection and/or prevention mechanisms are not actively integrated into network management practices. There are several ways to 'tap' into an optical fiber, including fiber bending, splitting, evanescent coupling, scattering, and V-grooves. Many of these techniques require altering the physical characteristics of the fiber with a significant risk of damaging the fiber and having the optical intercept detected by the end user. Of all the techniques, the bent fiber tap is the most easily deployed with minimal risk of damage or detection. The paper quantifies the bend loss required to tap a signal propagating in a single mode fiber and analyzes the properties of the bend that could be used to detect that a tap is occurring. Understanding the mechanisms used for fiber tapping provides greater insight into ways of actively detecting unauthorized optical intercepts or compromised network security. Enhanced monitoring techniques enable the detection and localization of fiber taps. Monitoring techniques are reviewed with detailed analysis of each method's effectiveness in detecting bent fiber taps and their cost-effectiveness for integration into optical networks.
Measurement of myofilament calcium sensitivity at physiological temperature in intact cardiac trabeculae (2006)

Cardiac contraction-relaxation coupling is determined by both the free intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and myofilament properties. We set out to develop a technique where we could assess these parameters (twitch and steady-state force [Ca2+]i) under near physiological conditions. Bis-fura-2 was iontophorically introduced into ultrathin rat trabeculae preparations to monitor the [Ca2+]i, and steady-state contractures were achieved by using a modified Krebs-Henseleit solution containing high K+. During K+ contractures, the very slow changes in [Ca2+]i and force development were in equilibrium and allowed for the construction of a steady-state, force-[Ca2+]i relationship. Twitch contractions before and after this myofilament calcium sensitivity assessment were unaltered, and this protocol could be repeated several times. For the first time, this novel protocol allows us to measure myofilament calcium sensitivity under physiological temperature. Not only do the data so obtained allow us to assess myofilament calcium sensitivity, the data also will allow us, in the same preparation under nearly identical conditions, to compare the dynamic to the steady-state, force-calcium relationship. To test whether the steady-state relationship between force and calcium in our novel protocol reproduces expected changes, we determined this relationship in the presence of isoproterenol and under acidosis and alkalosis. As expected, beta-adrenergic stimulation resulted in an increase of calcium amplitude and twitch force and a desensitization of the myofilaments as indicated by a rightward shift of the obtained steady-state, force-calcium relationship. An increase in pH shifted the curve leftward, whereas a decrease in pH resulted in the expected rightward shift.
Development and use of a gold-standard data set for subjectivity classifications (1999)

This paper presents a case study of analyzing and improving intercoder reliability in discourse tagging using statistical techniques. Bias-corrected tags are formulated and successfully used to guide a revision of the coding manual and develop an automatic classifier.
Fenofibric acid plus statin combination therapy for the treatment of mixed dyslipidemia (2009)

Patients with mixed dyslipidemia have a higher risk of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease than patients with isolated elevated LDL‑C. Evidence‑based guidelines target LDL‑C reduction and other lifestyle factors to reduce risk. However, patients with mixed dyslipidemia have a high risk of vascular events, even with statin treatment to optimal LDL‑C levels. Available treatments for other modifiable lipid factors, such as elevated triglycerides and reduced HDL‑C, are underutilized in such patients since there are no large‑scale clinical outcomes trials showing incremental benefit, as well as clinician concerns regarding safety with combination treatment. Recent efficacy and safety trials have demonstrated that the combination of fenofibric acid and a statin improves multiple lipid parameters in patients with mixed dyslipidemia without additional safety concerns compared with the individual monotherapies. Ongoing surrogate and event outcomes trials are testing the incremental benefit of such a combination treatment strategy.