gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Carrier Particles in Two-Component Magnetic Brush Development System for Laser Printers(Mechanical Systems) (2009)

We have investigated dynamics of a magnetic brush of carrier particles in the two-component development system of electrophotography by the numerical simulation with an improved Distinct Element Method and the experimental observation with a high-speed microscope camera. Two-dimensional magnetic field was calculated by superposing measured discrete magnetic flux densities on a development sleeve. It has been calculated and observed that magnetic chains of the brush grow up in the development area inclining in parallel in the direction of the magnetic field and they are crushed by a photoreceptor drum. The brush is depressed to backward before the center of the gap and springs just before the brush become free. The spring-back of the brush at the backward of the development area seems to cause a stripe defect of the developed toner images on the photoreceptor if the force applied by the brush to the photoreceptor is excessive. The differential force applied by individual chain is dense and small with small particles. On the other hand, it is rough and large with large particles. These suggest that small carrier particles are preferable to prevent disturbance of developed toner particles on the photoreceptor. The effects of the development gap and the thickness of supplied carrier particles have also evaluated.
<title>Calculation Of The Geometrical Intensity On An Image Surface</title> (1976)

Laser fusion experiments involve the focusing of high power laser beams onto fuel pellets. The geometrical intensity is of interest in the cases where the laser is focused to the center of the pellet. Analytic expressions and ray trace methods for evaluating the geometrical intensity are presented.
Switching high-voltage shunt capacitor banks (1951)

ONE OF THE first 34.5-kv capacitor banks in this country was installed recently on the Indianapolis Power and Light Company system. This capacitor bank, totaling 7,290 kva, was part of a system program of adding reactive generation close to reactive load in the most practical and economical manner. See Figures 1 and 2.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of the Nonracemic Methyl syn‐(3‐Fluoroalkyl)isoserinates. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Microporous and macroporous materials (1996)

Explosive growth has been seen in research on both microporous and mesoporous molecular sieves. Accordingly this book focuses on major advances in synthesis, characterization and applications of porous materials. It opens with a section on synthetic approaches to zeolites, pillared materials, sol-gel materials and mesoporous materials. New types of microporous materials are described, including the preparation of microporous metal-organic solids which have both organic and inorganic building units in the structure. The area of mesoporous molecular sieves is also featured. Creative synthetic methods in this area have allowed design tailoring of composition, pore size, structure and texture. New mesoporous compositions are described, including hexagonal, transition metal-oxide structures. Such compositions may have catalytic uses. To complement the synthetic areas, advanced characterization techniques are also discussed. These include new methods for studying porosity, as well as advanced spectroscopic techniques. Applications of microporous and mesoporous materials include the areas of adsorption, batteries, catalysis, ceramic precursors, nonlinear optical materials, electronic conductivity, sensors, and similar areas.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of V‐Mg‐O Catalysts: Nature of Active Species Precursors. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ag<sub>13</sub>OsO<sub>6</sub>: A Silver Oxide with Interconnected Icosahedral Ag<sup>4+</sup><sub>13</sub> Clusters and Dispersed [OsO<sub>6</sub>]<sup>4‐</sup> Octahedra. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Microconcentric Nebuliser for the Analysis of Small Sample Volumes by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (1997)

A microconcentric nebuliser was evaluated for the analysis of small volumes of sample. An optimum set of conditions was obtained for a range of analytes by optimisation of the nebuliser gas flow rate. The technique was evaluated by accurate analysis of reference material NIES No. 5 using just 100 µl of sample. Recoveries between 95 and 106% were obtained for all the elements determined. The technique was then applied to the analysis of biological samples and to the analysis of a peptide, with multi-element analysis on less than 100 µl of sample. Acceptable reproducibility and precision were obtained for both sample types. Recoveries between 95 and 118% were obtained for the biological samples and between 72 and 104% for the peptide samples. The microconcentric nebuliser permits a significant decrease in sample volume for multi-element analysis without loss of accuracy.
Cytokines and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (2001)

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients show evidence of immune activation, as demonstrated by increased numbers of activated T lymphocytes, including cytotoxic T cells, as well as elevated levels of circulating cytokines. Nevertheless, immune cell function of CFS patients is poor, with low natural killer cell cytotoxicity (NKCC), poor lymphocyte response to mitogens in culture, and frequent immunoglobulin deficiencies, most often IgG1 and IgG3. Immune dysfunction in CFS, with predominance of so-called T-helper type 2 and proinflammatory cytokines, can be episodic and associated with either cause or effect of the physiological and psychological function derangement and/or activation of latent viruses or other pathogens. The interplay of these factors can account for the perpetuation of disease with remission/exacerbation cycles. A T-helper type 2 predominance has been seen among Gulf War syndrome patients and this feature may also be present in other related disorders, such as multiple chemical sensitivity. Therapeutic intervention aimed at induction of a more favorable cytokine expression pattern and immune status appears promising.
A new adaptive mutation technique for genetic algorithm (2012)

Genetic algorithm is a promising heuristic search algorithm, which searches the solution space for optimal solution using the genetic operations. Mutation is one among the genetic operators that plays a vital role in searching the solution space. This paper proposes a new adaptive mutation technique to improve the performance of genetic algorithm. The proposed technique intends to mutate the genes in such a way that the mutation aids both global and local searching options. This leads to faster convergence rather than the conventional techniques. The comparative results show that the proposed mutation technique exhibits a drastic performance improvement over the conventional static mutation techniques.
Consolidation of Carbon with Amorphous Graphite Transformation by SPS (2010)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Experimental Results and Discussion Conclusion
Triple-Decker Complexes. 12.<sup>1</sup> Triple-Decker Complexes with Bridging Boratabenzene Ligands. Syntheses, Structures of [(μ-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>BMe)(FeCp*)<sub>2</sub>]PF<sub>6</sub> and of [(μ-C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>BMe){Rh(COD)}<sub>2</sub>]CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>, and Boratabenzene Transfer Reactions (1996)

The orange complex Cp*Fe(C5H5BMe) (1a) was synthesized from [Cp*Fe(NCMe)3]PF6 and Li(C5H5BMe) in 91% yield. Electrophilic stacking reactions with metalloelectrophiles gave the triple-decker salts [(μ-C5H5BMe)(FeCp*)2]PF6 (4), [(μ-C5H5BMe)(FeCp*)(RuCp*)]CF3SO3 (5), and [(μ-C5H5BMe)(FeCp*)(MCp*)](CF3SO3)2 with M = Rh (for 6) and M = Ir (for 7). Electrophilic stacking of Rh(C5H5BMe)(COD) (8) with [(COD)Rh(MeNO2)x]CF3SO3 gave [(μ-C5H5BMe){Rh(COD)}2CF3SO3 (10). The structures of the two triple-decker complexes 4 and 10 were determined by X-ray diffraction. Boratabenzene transfer reactions were found for the heterobimetallic salts 5−7.
Crack Characteristics and Their Importance to NDE (2011)

The reliability of non-destructive evaluation depends on multitude of different factors. Consequently, it is difficult to assess the performance of the system. The only practical way to overcome this complexity and asses inspection reliability is using practical trials. In practical trials the inspection is performed on a known, flawed sample and reliability is judged by comparing the acquired inspection result with known state of the sample. However, confirming (and demonstrating), that the practical trials and, in particular, the used flaws are representative to postulated inspection case is, at present, challenging. In this paper, the open literature is reviewed and compiled to the extent necessary for providing a starting point for confirming and demonstrating representativeness of flaws used in the practical trials. The available information on essential flaw parameters for various NDE techniques is reviewed. The used measurement methods for each parameter is discussed and the available in-service data summarized. Finally, a simple procedure is proposed for confirming and demonstrating the representativeness of used flaws.
Implementation of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in visualization of functional structure of cat visual cortex (2000)

Optical intrinsic signal imaging (OISI)1 based on the analysis of reflected light from the surface of brain has been widely employed for the investigation of functional organization for its high reoslution apart from the widely used f-MRI, PET, EEG techniques.
Association between the apolipoprotein E polymorphism and arterial wall thickness in asymptomatic adults (2000)

In subjects without any evidence of cardiovascular disease, the presence of the epsilon2 allele is related to wall hypertrophy in carotid artery despite favourable effect on the lipid profile.
611 Integrated Design of Piezoelectric Placement and Control System for Smart Carriage Arm in Magnetic Disk Drive (2003)

In hard disk drives, vibration suppression is very important to boost the performance of information-processing equipments. It has beenexpected that technology of smart structure will contribute to the development of small and light-weight mechatronics devices with therequired performance. The smart structure is composed of the piezoelectric sensor and actuator in order to reduce the structural vibration. Theplacement of the piezoelectric actuator and H2 control system are simultaneously optimized based on genetic algorithm to improve the effecton the vibration suppression. It has been verified by some applications with a magnetic disk drive and an L-shaped beam that an enhancedperformance for the vibration suppuression can be achieved by the proposed optimal design method.
Crystal‐to‐Crystal Phase Transition in Self‐Assembled Mesoporous Iron Oxide Films (2005)

Ordnung erhalten: Mesoporöse kristalline Eisenoxidfilme wurden mithilfe spezieller Blockcopolymer-Template erzeugt. Dank der optimierten Templateigenschaften und der Temperaturbeständigkeit der Porogene kann eine Kristall-zu-Kristall-Phasenumwandlung (von Goethit zu Hämatit) in den Wänden des porösen Gerüsts ablaufen, ohne dass die Mesostruktur Schaden nimmt. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2006/z502332_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Visual contents adaptation for color vision deficiency (2004)

In this paper, we propose methods to adapt colors on the visual content for people with color vision deficiency. The proposed adaptation consists of two parts: adaptations for dichromat and anomalous trichromat. The adaptation for dichromats aims to give them better color information, while the adaptation for anomalous trichromats aims to give them original color. To verify the proposed methods, we used both quantitative and qualitative measurements. Experimental results showed that the proposed adaptation enhanced color information readability of the people with color vision deficiency.
How to compare the performance of two SMT microarchitectures (2005)

In this paper we discuss methods and metrics for comparing the performance of two simultaneous multithreading microarchitectures. We identify conditions under which the instructions-per-cycle metric may be misleading for comparing two simultaneous multithreading microarchitectures for the same amount of work. Part of the problem is isolated to the definition of what is same work. When simulating a mix of independent programs under the same initial conditions on two different simultaneous multithreading microarchitectures there are two approaches to ensure the work of the two runs is same: constant-work-per-thread or variablework-per-thread. For both approaches the total number of instructions in the run is constant, however, for the first, the instructions from each thread is also constant, whereas for the second is not. We claim that: (a) when simulating two microarchitectures with the constant-work-per-thread approach, the instructions-percycle is sufficient to compare them to establish the microarchitecture with the best performance, (b) when variable-work-per-thread approach is used the instruction-per-cycle may be inadequate for comparing performance. We attribute this to the inability of the instructions-per-cycle metric to account for differences in the load-balance of the two runs. A new performance metric,SMT-speedup, is proposed that enables accurate comparison of the performance of two simultaneous multithreading microarchitectures for runs with different load-balance. The new metric considers the loadbalance in terms of the size and performance of each thread. In light of the insight gain in this paper we contend that a simultaneous multithreading microarchitecture may need to trade-off throughput and load-balance to achieve the best performance.
Prediction of the stability derivatives of large flexible prop/rotors by a simplified analysis (1970)

Blade flexibility effects on static stability derivatives of prop/rotors in propeller flight mode
Characterization of water-in-oil emulsions produced with microporous hollow polypropylene fibers (2000)

The preparation of fine and monodispersed water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions by utilizing hydrophobic hollow polypropylene fibers with 0.4 mm pores was investigated in this work. The experiments were carried out using demineralized water as the disperse phase, mineral oil Velocite No. 3 as the continuous phase, and polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR 90) in the concentration range of 2.5 - 10 wt % as the oil-soluble emulsifier. The size of the water droplets in the prepared emulsions and the droplet size distribution strongly depend on the content of the disperse phase, the transmembrane pressure difference, and the emulsifier concentration. Stable emulsions with a very narrow droplet size distribution and a mean droplet diameter lower than 0.27 ?m were produced using 10 wt % PGPR 90 at a pressure difference below 30 kPa.
Characterization of the Changes in Secondary Structure and Architecture of Elastin−Mimetic Triblock Polypeptides during Thermal Gelation (2006)

Vibrational spectroscopy and light scattering studies identify the conformational changes associated with gelation of elastin−mimetic triblock (EMT) copolymers. The EMT polypeptide is based on the VPGVG repeat of elastin and is constructed as a BAB triblock copolymer with relatively hydrophobic B-blocks. Laser Raman and ATR-FTIR spectroscopies probed changes in secondary structure associated with gelation in H2O and D2O. The amide I regions of these spectra suggest that the network-stabilizing interactions are intermolecular β-sheets with a significant fraction of the network containing β-turns and disordered structures. Peak frequency shifts in the ATR-FTIR spectra showed a conversion of extended hydrogen-bonded structures (polyproline II-like structures) to β-sheets during gelation. Molecular weights extrapolated through static light scattering at temperatures below the thermal transition were greater than for a single EMT chain. This suggests that some molecular organization exists prior to gelation, thus requiring relatively modest changes for molecular assembly to occur.
microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of carboplatin/paclitaxel-based therapy (CP) in metastatic melanoma (MM) treated on the intergroup trial E2603. (2014)

9048 Background: Chemotherapy continues to be a commonly used modality in MM despite the recent successes of immunotherapy and targeted therapy. CP with or without sorafenib (S) results in objective response rates of 16-18% in unselected chemotherapy-naïve patients (intergroup trial E2603). Our primary objective was to identify molecular predictors of survival and response to CP-based chemotherapy in MM. Methods: E2603 randomized 823 MM pts to CP+S vs CP alone. This analysis was performed on pre-treatment formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues from 115 pts balanced across treatment arms, BRAF status, and clinical outcome. We used technology optimized for FFPE samples: Nanostring miRNA expression array and DASL/Illumina microarrays (HT12 v4) for mRNA expression. Integrative analysis was performed using a novel Tree-guided Recursive Cluster Selection (T-ReCS) algorithm to select the most informative features/genes; TargetScan Human v6.2 for miRNA target prediction and mirConnX for network inference. Results: High quality miRNA and mRNA expression data were generated from legacy samples from 115 MM pts treated in E2603 (median progression-free survival (PFS) 4.4 mos). T-ReCS identified miR-659-3p as the primary miRNA associated positively with PFS together with miR-219-1-3p, miR-516a-5p. miR-659-3p was differentially expressed based on PFS but not on treatment arm (CP+S vs CP; p=0.6), BRAF status (p=0.3), or NRAS status (p=0.6). Dichotomized by PFS < 4 mos vs > 4 mos, higher miR-659-3p expression remained prognostic of longer PFS (p=0.03). High miR-659-3p expression distinguished patients with responsive disease (complete or partial) from patients with stable disease (p=0.04.) Predicted gene targets using TargetScan and mirConnX included BRAF, PIK3C2A, FGF12, FGF18 and RAC1. Conclusions: Novel integrative analysis reveals miR-659-3p as a predictive biomarker in MM pts treated with platinum-based chemotherapy and may serve to improve patient selection. Validation in an independent population is ongoing and functional studies to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this observation are planned.
Data on left ventricular expression of STAT3 and AKT in transgenic mouse models with B16F10 melanoma (2019)

The dataset describes protein expression of phosphorylated and total signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), protein kinase B (AKT) and suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) in left ventricular tissue (LV) from healthy and B16F10 melanoma tumour-bearing (B16F10-TM) wildtype (WT) mice, mice with cardiomyocyte-specific constitutively active AKT transgene (AKTtg) and mice with cardiomyocyte-restricted deletion of STAT3 (CKO) analysed in Western blot and/or fluorescence microscopy experiments. The data presented in this article are related to the research paper entitled "Modulation of cardiac AKT and STAT3 signalling in preclinical cancer models and their impact on the heart", available in Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Res. (1).
THE DYNAMICAL JAHN–TELLER PROBLEM IN X<sub>3</sub><sup>2</sup>E ⊗ e SYSTEMS (1996)

We present some dynamical Jahn–Teller effects in X 3 2 E ⊗ e systems. Specific applications are made to Na 3 and Cu 3 , where spin–orbit interaction is expected to be negligible for the former and significant for the latter. The emphasis is put on localized vibronic standing-wave states for the ground vibronic level, Zeeman splittings of vibronic levels, and level splittings due to spin–orbit interaction.
Probing molecular-scale adsorption and dissolution-growth processes using nonlinear optical and scanning probe methods suitable for hydrothermal applications (2002)

Experimental hydrothermal geochemistry has made great strides on the basis of stoichiometric equilibrium studies, measured kinetic rates, and bulk-sensitive spectroscopic data, but there are current problems in hydrothermal geochemistry ranging from deep aquifer chemistry to nuclear waste tank chemistry that can benefit from new techniques able to provide direct spectroscopic and microscopic information about processes operative at mineral surfaces. We present and discuss applications of two inherently interface-sensitive techniques that are amenable to application in hydrothermal experimentation: optical second harmonic generation (SHG) and hydrothermal atomic force microscopy (HAFM). Results of experimental SHG from a corundum-water interface are presented, along with a model relating SHG signal in part to the structure of water in the electric double layer. Although the SHG signal is closely related to surface potential, direct extraction of surface potential over a wide range of pH and ionic strength will depend upon better understanding of water structure near oxide-water interfaces. We present applications of HAFM to dissolution and growth of barite, and in particular show that the velocity and spacing of kink sites along [010] and [120] steps can be extracted from the HAFM imagery using a simple step model. The model enables us to conclude that although steps may appear straight in AFM images, the atomic scale roughness can be large, giving rise to kinks at a large percentage of step sites. Both techniques are promising ways to extend our ability to probe and better understand the nature of mineral-water interface chemistry.
Evaluation of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Category 3 mammograms and the use of stereotactic vacuum‐assisted breast biopsy in a nonacademic community practice (2004)

The use of SVABB for BI-RADS 3 lesions reflected uncertainty regarding the potential for a diagnosis of malignant disease rather than the financial incentive of performing a biopsy. SVABB was not necessary for patients with BI-RADS 3 lesions without microcalcifications or for patients with nonlinear microcalcifications. Lesions with linear (casting or branching) microcalcifications should not be considered BI-RADS 3 abnormalities.