gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Federal Pension Benefits: The Reach of Preemption (1982)

This Article examines whether the law forbidding division of certain federal pension benefits between divorcing spouses applies as well to the division of assets whose source- may be traced to federal pension benefits theretofore received. After an examination of the Hisquierdo and McCarty decisions and four California court of appeal cases, the Article concludes that preemption of division of received railroad retirement and social security benefits does not automatically follow from the decided cases. Recent legislation reversing the McCarty decision will largely eliminate preemption of division of received military retired pay. The author believes that Congress should extend the reach of the legislation reversing McCarty to railroad retirement benefits and clarify the status of military retired pay already in hand: Congress also should assure that social security benefits are fully divisible under state law. The Article further discusses alternative bases for state jurisdiction over assets which might otherwise be considered nondivisible because of the federal preemption doctrine.
The efficacy of ultrasound treatment as a reversible male contraceptive in the rhesus monkey (2012)

The sustained reduction in sperm count, percent motility, normal morphology, and sperm vigor with the cup exposure method provides proof of principle that testicular treatment with ultrasound can be an effective contraceptive approach in humans.
Introduction (2008)

This book preserves the raw and vivid memories of combat veterans and their families as well as those of public officials. The stories span from the battlefield to the offices of Washington to capture the broadest spectrum of voices, all of which depict the reality of the Iraq War. They uncover the emotional toll of war on its participants. What goes through a soldier's mind when he or she witnesses (or participates) in killing? How does a volunteer soldier evolve into an antiwar activist? How does it feel to lose a son or daughter in war? By examining the unfettered and often riveting words of soldiers and other individuals who were touched by the war, including some who came to reject what they saw, readers will better understand the true nature of war.KeywordsOral HistoryBush AdministrationCombat VeteranHistorical InterpretationVivid MemoryThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Pathobiological and Behavioral Effects of Lead Intoxication in the Infant Rhesus Monkey (1974)

When infant rhesus monkeys were exposed to lead via the addition of lead acetate (0.5-9 mg/kg body weight) to their formula or by the consumption of lead particles from lead-based surrogate mothers, they developed symptoms of lead intoxication within 6 weeks. Seizures, muscular tremors, and altered social interaction were the predominant changes. Visual impairment was also apparent in the more severely affected animals. In the animals showing obvious symptoms lead levels varied between 300 to 500 mug/100 ml of blood. Even in those animals having blood lead levels below 100 mug, hyperactivity and insomnia were observed. When the exposure to lead was eliminated, seizures subsided and visual impairment was reduced; however, the abnormal social interaction persisted. These animals also experienced a gradual decline in hematocrit and hemoglobin values during the period of examination. Liver and kidney biopsies obtained from these lead-exposed animals revealed characteristic intranuclear inclusions.When adolescent and adult monkeys were exposed to doses of lead acetate similar to those employed in the infant experiments, lead levels in excess of 200 mug/100 ml of blood were recorded. However, there were no obvious behavioral abnormalities observed. There were, however, numerous lead inclusion bodies in kidney biopsy specimens from these animals. These data suggest that, like man, the infant nonhuman primate is much more susceptible to lead intoxication than is the adult. The clinical and behavioral changes recorded in these infant rhesus monkeys suggest their use as an experimental model to evaluate lead intoxication.
Grammar-Based Model Transformations (2014)

Model transformation is a key concept in modeldriven software engineering. The definition of model transformations is usually based on meta-models describing the abstract syntax of languages. While meta-models are thereby able to abstract from superfluous details of concrete syntax, they often loose structural information inherent in languages, like information on model elements always occurring together in particular shapes. As a consequence, model transformations cannot naturally re-use language structures, thus leading to unnecessary complexity in their development as well as analysis.
Heines »Geschichtsschreibung der Gegenwart« (1999)

Mein Thema wird Heines Geschichtsbegriff sein. Am Beispiel seines »Geschichtsbuches« »Französische Zustände« soll gezeigt werden, wie der Autor in der intensiven Auseinandersetzung mit Hegels Geschichtsphilosophie einen eigenen, dem Hegeischen Ansatz verpflichteten, diesen aber kritisch befragenden ›Begriff der Geschichte‹ herausarbeitet. Die Besonderheit liegt darin, daß die Diskussion des hegelianischen Weltbildes überwiegend nicht-diskursiv geführt wird. Sie findet vielmehr an entscheidenden Stellen immer wieder mittels einer schriftstellerischen Bildarbeit statt, deren Stellenwert bis heute unterschätzt wird.1
A 30-Minute Preparative Method for Isolationof IgG from Human Serum (1972)

IgG antibody activity may be isolated in good yield from non-dialysed serum in under 30 min. The method requires the mixing of serum with prepared DEAE Sephadex A-50 for a few minutes, followed by centrifugation and aspiration of the IgG-rich fraction. Immuno-electrophoresis, anti-IgG neutralisation and partition of mixed anti-red cell antibodies suggests good separation of IgG from other immunoglobulin classes.
Digital Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification on a Commercial Membrane (2019)

In this work, we report digital loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) or reverse-transcription LAMP (RT-LAMP) on a commercial membrane, without the need for complex chip fabrication or use of specialized equipment. Due to the pore size distribution, the theoretical error for digital LAMP on these membranes was analyzed, using a combination of Random Distribution Model and Multivolume Theory. A facile peel-off process was developed for effective droplet formation on the commercial track-etched polycarbonate (PCTE) membrane. Each pore functions as an individual nanoreactor for single DNA amplification. Absolute quantification of bacteria genomic DNA was realized with a dynamic range from 11 to 1.1 × 10<sup>5</sup> copies/μL. One-step digital RT-LAMP was also successfully performed on the membrane for the quantification of MS2 virus in wastewater. With the introduction of new probes, the positive pores can be easily distinguished from negative ones with 100 times difference in fluorescence intensities. Finally, the cost of a disposable membrane is less than $0.10/piece, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the most inexpensive way to perform digital LAMP. The membrane system offers opportunities for point-of-care users or common laboratories to perform digital quantification, single cell analysis, or other bioassays in an inexpensive, flexible, and simplified way.
Capital Social e Políticas Municipais. Um estudo comparativo no Vale do Rio dos Sinos (2014)

EnglishThe purpose of this article is to demonstrate the effects of social capital on the local public policies, through a comparative study between the amount of social capital in Vale do Rio dos Sinos Council Development (COREDE Vale do Rio dos Sinos in Rio Grande do Sul), and Estância Velha city, that belongs to this Corede. Our working hypothesis suggests that social capital, proper from the local political culture in this region and city, constitutes into an ally to political institutions, because it favors in a positive way. Therefore after reviewing the relevant bibliography, we built a theoretical framework that is considered both in formal institutional implications, as well as the local values patterns to perform our analysis in this empirical material. The methodology uses the results of two quantitative surveys, a kind of home survey applied in Corede Vale do Rio dos Sinos in 2007 and in Estância Velha city in 2012, with random samples totalizing about 1,200 questionnaires, with a sampling error of 4% and confidence of 95% by University Feevale Research and Planning Center (CPP/Feevale), as well as a documentary research on the City Halls sites, IBGE, TCE and FEE portuguesO objetivo deste artigo e demonstrar os efeitos do capital social sobre as politicas publicas municipais, atraves de um estudo comparado entre o volume de capital social existente no Conselho de Desenvolvimento do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Corede do Vale do Rio dos Sinos) e a cidade de Estância Velha, pertencente a este Corede no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Nossa hipotese de trabalho sugere que o capital social, proprio da cultura politica local existente na regiao e na cidade em tela, constitui-se num aliado as instituicoes politicas, pois ele pode favorecer positivamente a avaliacao das politicas publicas municipais. Para tanto, a partir da revisao da bibliografia especializada, construimos um quadro teorico que leva em consideracao tanto as implicacoes institucionais formais em si, bem como os padroes valorativos locais para efetuarmos nossa analise do material empirico. A metodologia utiliza os resultados de duas pesquisas quantitativas, tipo surveys domiciliares aplicadas no Corede do Vale do Rio dos Sinos em 2007 e em Estância Velha, no ano de 2012, com amostras probabilisticas, totalizando cerca de 1200 questionarios, com erro amostral de 4% e confianca de 95% pelo Centro de Pesquisa e Planejamento da Universidade Feevale (CPP/Feevale), bem como pesquisa documental aos sites das referidas prefeituras, IBGE, TCE e da FEE.
Computer Analysis of Electro-Nystagmography Recordings in Normal Subjects (1997)

A quantitative analysis of eye movement with optokinetic and caloric nystagmus was undertaken in normal subjects using a digital computer. Fifteen parameters were established to differentiate nystagmus from artifacts. Eight of the parameters were used to diagnose the quick phase and the other 7 parameters were used to diagnose the slow phase. On OKN (optokinetic nystagmus), the velocity gain was calculated. The adaptation limits of slow phase velocity were a maximum slow phase velocity, while the velocity gain was over 0.8. In 20 normal subjects, the average slow phase velocity was 90°/sec (S. D.15.5). In the caloric test, the average maximum slow phase velocity was 32°/sec (S. D.11) and the average with the visual suppression test was 70% (S. D.10.5) in 31normal ears. In this analysis, the frequency of nystagmus was not necessarily reduced with visual suppression, so that the FFI (failure of fixation suppression index) was not a valid parameter.
Cubic boron nitride films synthesized by low-energy ion-beam-enhanced vapor deposition (1992)

Single phase-cubic boron nitride (cBN) films have been synthesized by means of the low-energy ion-beam-enhanced vapor deposition method. Cubic BN films were deposited at 4 nm min−1 by electron-beam evaporation of boron with N2+Ar ion beam bombardment under the energy range of 500–600 eV, at ion beam current density around 0.4 mA cm−2, and also, could be obtained in both cases with external rf or dc substrate biasing. The infrared spectra showed strong absorption at 1090 cm−1, which was shifted significantly towards a higher wave number due to the residual internal stress in the cBN films. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy of cBN films deposited showed that the microstructure consists of polycrystalline particles with a size of 10 nm.
Intrusion detection system based on Boosting and support vector machine (2010)

For improving attack detection rate and lowering false positive rate of many current intrusion detection methods,Boosting algorithm is combined with support vector machine,this paper makes use of support vector machine to train and get classifier by small training samples,then uses the Boosting algorithm to further improve the generalization ability of support vector machine.In Matlab 2009,the use of KDD99 intrusion detection data were simulated.The simulation proved that this technology can improve the classification precision and accuracy,and improve the success rate of intrusion detection.
Modulation of Gut Microbiota in the Management of Metabolic Disorders: The Prospects and Challenges (2014)

The gut microbiota plays a number of important roles including digestion, metabolism, extraction of nutrients, synthesis of vitamins, prevention against pathogen colonization, and modulation of the immune system. Alterations or changes in composition and biodiversity of the gut microbiota have been associated with many gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Recent evidence suggests that altered composition and diversity of gut microbiota may play a role in the increased prevalence of metabolic diseases. This review article has two main objectives. First, it underscores approaches (such as probiotics, prebiotics, antimicrobial agents, bariatric surgery, and weight loss strategies) and their prospects in modulating the gut microbiota in the management of metabolic diseases. Second, it highlights some of the current challenges and discusses areas of future research as it relates to the gut microbiota and metabolic diseases. The prospect of modulating the gut microbiota seems promising. However, considering that research investigating the role of gut microbiota in metabolic diseases is still in its infancy, more rigorous and well-designed in vitro, animal and clinical studies are needed.
Use of a bidirectional cannula to study biliary secretion in conscious dogs (1983)

A new biliary bidirectional cannula is described which allows the study of biliary secretion in conscious dogs under conditions which approach physiological normality.
Pharmacokinetics and safety of transcorneal iontophoresis of tobramycin in the rabbit. (1988)

Transcorneal iontophoresis of tobramycin in normal eyes of New Zealand white rabbits was compared to an eye cup control and application of fortified topical drops. Iontophoresis was performed with 25 mg/ml of tobramycin at 0.8 mAmps for 10 or 5 min. The eye cup with 25 mg/ml of tobramycin was placed on the eye for 10 min without current. Topical fortified drops (13.6 mg/ml) were applied every half hour for 4 hr. Epithelium, stroma, and aqueous humor were assayed separately at 1, 4, 8 and 16 hr after treatment. The eyes were examined using the slit-lamp biomicroscope before and immediately after the treatment, and prior to sacrifice. Two eyes were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy 5 and 10 min after iontophoresis. Iontophoresis yielded significantly higher tobramycin concentrations than the eye cup or fortified topical drops at 1 hr and 4 hr after treatment (P = 0.001). In all treated eyes, iontophoresis resulted in epithelial edema and mucous discharge, which resolved by 24 hr after the treatment. Histologically there was evidence of epithelial disruption in the superficial layer after 5 min of iontophoresis and in all layers of the epithelium after 10 min of iontophoresis. Iontophoresis is a relatively safe, effective method to deliver medications to ocular tissues and may be useful alone or as an adjunct to current modes of antimicrobial chemotherapy.
Pyramids to Players Clubs: The Battle for Competitive Advantage in Las Vegas (2012)

The evolution of the Las Vegas casinos from owner operator to the institutionally financed and corporately managed casino-resort has been the predominant feature of the evolution of the US Gaming market in the past 30 years. This paper examines the strategic frameworks used by Las Vegas casino resorts and identifies the drivers for competitive advantage moving forward.
The effects of carnitine on the growth of sea bass, <i>Dicentrarchus labrax</i> L., fry (1986)

Carnitine treatment has an appreciable effect on the hatchery‐reared sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax , fry. The administration of the laevorotatory isomer (1‐carnitine) which is engaged in the transport of the acyl and acetyl groups through the mitochondrial membrane, stimulating lipid metabolism, increases the growth rate and the protein content of the treated fry. The dextrorotatory isomer (d‐carnitine), which is an antagonist of the 1‐carnitine, has an opposite effect on the growth and metabolism of the treated fry.
A formulation of the Cauchy method suitable for the synthesis of lossless circuit models of microwave filters from lossy measurements (2006)

In this letter, a novel formulation of the Cauchy method is presented, to be employed in the extraction of circuit models from measured(lossy) response of microwave filters. In particular, it is shown how to generate,from lossy measurements, the characteristic polynomials which allow synthesis of a lossless low-pass prototype (and the evaluation of the coupling matrix). To this purpose, suitable constraints are introduced in order to have the transmission zeros generated with the Cauchy method strictly compatible with the low pass synthesis requirements (pure imaginary or complex pair with opposite real part). The application of the proposed method has been verified employing measurements from a test filter for GSM base stations. This method can find application in computer-aided tuning procedures.
THE ROLE OF DOSAGE OF THE REGION 7D1–7D5-6 OF THE <i>X</i> CHROMOSOME IN THE PRODUCTION OF HOMEOTIC TRANSFORMATIONS IN <i>DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER</i> (1980)

A high frequency of homeotic transformation appears in Df(3)red/+ progeny of Df(1)snC128/+ females. Generally, the metathoracic appendages are partially transformed into mesothoracic ones. Df(1)snC128 includes a small region of the X chromosome: 7D1 to 7D5-6. Hypodosage of this region is mainly effective at the level of the maternal genotype, and the effect is probably due to hypodosage of the wild-type allele of the gene fs(1)h. Df(3)red has an effect that is mainly, if not exclusively, zygotic, probably due to hypodosage of the wild-type allele of Rg-bx. The frequencies of transformed flies resulting from the interaction between Df(1)snC128 and Df(3)red are not very sensitive to external conditions and genetic background. Studies of the interactions between Df(1)snC128 and other mutations or deficiencies of chromosome 3 [Rg-pbx, bx, pbx, Ubx1, Ubx130, Ubx80, Df(3)P9] reveal an analogy between the hypodosage effect of region 7D1-7D5-6 and the effects of ether treatment of blastoderm stage eggs. The role of the gene fs(1)h in the process of segment determination is discussed in the light of these results.
The role of the missions in pre-Gold-Rush Pacific (1999)

The Pacific Ocean covers one third of the earth's surface making it large enough to place all the global land masses within its boundaries. For those of us who study it, live around the perimeter and within its borders, we must from time to time step back and witness the complexity, the vastness and the contexts that have shaped our cultures and economies. It is infrequent that we step back, and it is understandable why. First, no one can study all of the facets all the time. Second, once we are committed to the study of a specific time, a technology or a culture, so much of our energy is given over to understanding the complexities of the specific questions that we forget about the 'BIG PICTURE'. Finally, we are influenced by the dominant European interpretation of the 'exploration and development' of the Pacific. But, it is healthy for us to step back, especially for periods of history that are often treated as if they are anomalous, like the gold-rushes of the Pacific. If we look at these historical periods in a vacuum we are apt to make the erroneous conclusion that they bloomed full blown out of the head of Zeus.
An open-circuit fault-diagnosis method for inverters based on phase current (2020)

Abstract The inverter is an indispensable part of a power electronics system. Its safety and stability are important indicators for evaluating the reliability of the system. Inverter faults are usually caused by operating faults in the switch elements. This paper therefore proposes a non-intrusive fault-diagnosis method for open-circuit faults in inverter semiconductor power switches. This method requires only a current signal. It is simple and economical. Faults can be diagnosed quickly using the proposed algorithm. First, the phase current waveforms before and after the open-circuit fault are analysed based on the mathematical model. Then, based on the analysis of the phase currents, the fault features are extracted and the fault is located using the proposed integration algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed fault-diagnosis method are verified using a hardware-in-the-loop experiment.
Space-based space surveillance and tracking demonstrator: mission and system design (2015)

This paper presents the capabilities of a Space-Based Space Surveillance (SBSS) demonstration mission for Space Surveillance and Tracking (SST) based on a micro-satellite platform. The results have been produced in the frame of ESA’s Assessment Study for Space Based Space Surveillance Demonstration Mission performed by the
Airbus Defence and Space consortium. The assessment of SBSS in an SST system architecture has shown that both an operational SBSS and also already a well-
designed space-based demonstrator can provide substantial performance in terms of surveillance and tracking of beyond-LEO objects. Especially the early deployment of a demonstrator, possible by using standard equipment, could boost initial operating capability and create a self-maintained object catalogue. Furthermore, unique statistical information about small-size LEO debris (mm size) can be collected in-situ. Unlike classical technology demonstration missions, the primary goal is the demonstration and optimisation of the functional elements in a complex end-to-end chain (mission planning, observation strategies, data acquisition, processing, etc.) until the final products can be offered to the users and with low technological effort and risk. The SBSS system concept takes the ESA SST System Requirements into account and aims at fulfilling SST core
requirements in a stand-alone manner. Additionally, requirements for detection and characterisation of small-sizedLEO debris are considered. The paper presents details of the system concept, candidate micro-satellite platforms, the instrument design and
the operational modes. Note that the detailed results of performance simulations for space debris coverage and cataloguing accuracy are presented in a separate paper “Capability of a Space-based Space Surveillance System to Detect and Track Objects in
GEO, MEO and LEO Orbits” by J. Silha (AIUB) et al., IAC-14, A6, 1.1x25640.
Automatic detection and removal of disfluencies from spontaneous speech (2010)

Unlike rehearsed and prepared speech, spontaneous speech contains high occurrence of disfluencies, like repetitions, filled pauses, and hesitations. Disfluencies can seriously hamper the word recognition accuracy of an Automatic Speech Recogniser (ASR), by increasing word insertion and deletion and rejection rates. In this paper we introduce signal processing algorithms to automatically identify and remove repetitions and filled pauses from spontaneous speech before passing it to an ASR for transcription. The algorithms are tested with Dragon NaturallySpeaking Speech Recogniser and show significant improvements in the word recognition accuracy, and ensuing reductions in substitution and deletion and insertion errors.