gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An implicit least-square method for the inverse problem of acoustic radiation (1987)

A simple and natural method, called the implicit least-square method, is developed to solve the inverse problem, especially for first-kind Fredholm integral equations of acoustic radiation. Unlike most previous methods, there are no artificial constraints or parameters to be specified. This method is proven to be equivalent to the pseudoinverse method and is tested in three examples: (i) inversion of Poisson’s formula of harmonic continuation, (ii) inversion of the free-space turbulent flame noise radiation for the heat release rate source, and (iii) inversion of the ducted combustion system noise radiation for the heat release rate source. Comparisons performed using the results of the present prediction, the exact solution, and the experimental data in these examples are satisfactory.
A linearly frequency modulated narrow linewidth single-frequency fiber laser (2013)

A novel linearly frequency modulated narrow linewidth single-frequency phosphate fiber laser has been demonstrated. The output power of the laser is more than 40 mW. A maximum frequency excursion of more than 700 MHz at the modulating bandwidth of 1 kHz has been achieved. Single longitudinal mode operation under modulation is confirmed and the linewidth of the laser is measured to be less than 2 kHz. This type of laser source shows real promise for applications in coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry.
Why 1149.1 (JTAG) really works (1994)

The IEEE 1149.1 boundary-scan standard (JTAG) has now been a reality for over four years, and has had a lot of success, not always in the ways that the pioneers anticipated. This paper gives an overview of the important things that the standard does; the ways that this has proved to be useful; the importance of standardized descriptions for the components; and some of the reasons why using boundary-scan is not always as delightful an experience as users would like.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Design and Implementation of Certificate Validation Mechanism Using Reduction Signature in Distributed Domain Environment (2008)

Certificate issued from verifying institution can be invalidated by a variety of reasons such as loss of private key, loss of qualification, and change of key. For such reasons, validation mechanism of certificate, which can check status of certificate that is used in transactions on real-time basis, is required. However, in existing real-time certificate validation mechanism, due to structural clustering problem in which all transactions are dealt with at one node and overload problem because of unnecessary transmissions of information, validation of certificate takes much time. This paper proposed real-time certificate validation mechanism that resolve structural problem of existing mechanism by positioning verifying server at each domain and unravel overload by requesting certificate validation by means of reduction signature.
Emotion recognition of speech based on RNN (2003)

Emotion recognition has various methods. Mainly, it can be performed by visual or aural methods. We know that it is possible to recognize people's emotion by only sound data. We use the pitch of speech as a main feature. We define features of four emotions (normal, angry, laugh, surprise) in pitch analysis. Based on this feature pattern, we implement a simulator using VC++. First of all, this simulator is composed of 'generation of individuals', 'recurrent neural net (RNN)', and 'evaluation'. Using the result from the learning part of this simulator, we can get results applied to other speech data (excepting for learning data). In detail, each module uses the following method. First, the generation of individuals part uses (1+100)-ES and (1+1)-ES (that is, random). Thus, we observe the comparison result of both methods. Then, we select the best way. Second, the RNN part is composed of 7-nodes. That is, 1 input node, 2 hidden layer nodes, 4 output nodes. Selection of this structure depends on the characteristics of sequentially inputted speech data. Third, the evaluation part is very important. This part is the cause of the extraction speed and satisfaction degree of result. Then we implement a simulator from the above modules. Applied to other speech data, we observe the result of recognition.
Association of Vascular Amyloid β and Cells of the Mononuclear Phagocyte System in Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage with Amyloidosis (Dutch) and Alzheimer Disease (1997)

Arterial and arteriolar amyloid-beta (A beta) deposition in hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis (Dutch) (HCHWA-D) and Alzheimer disease (AD) cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) were studied as to morphology, extent, and association with mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) cells using A beta, a-smooth muscle actin, and monocyte/macrophage marker (HLA-DR, CD68, CD11c, CD45) immunohistochemistry. The HCHWA-D/AD arterial/arteriolar media showed compact A beta deposits, first appearing at the media/adventitia junction, and concomitant smooth muscle loss. Only HCHWA-D CAA featured (a) severe involvement of larger arteries and (b) arterioles showing a single or double ring of radial A beta surrounding compact A beta. Radial A beta appeared to develop at the media/adventitia junction. Monocyte/macrophage marker-positive foci/cells co-localized with HCHWA-D arterial A beta. Focal HLA-DR/CD11c positivity was observed at the media/adventitia junction of AD/HCHWA-D arteries in the absence of local A beta, but not in controls. Monocyte/macrophage marker positivity co-localizing with radial A beta appeared continuous with perivascular cells and microglia clustering perivascularly. These results suggest that (a) MPS cells are topographically associated with HCHWA-D arterial A beta and radial arteriolar A beta, and (b) HLA-DR/CD11c immunoreactivity may appear at the media/adventitia junction prior to A beta. The latter finding and the assumed formation of radial A beta at the media/adventitia junction may relate to involvement of the abluminal basement membrane in CAA pathogenesis. The role of MPS cells in this process remains to be established.
The QCDOC supercomputer: hardware, software, and performance (2003)

An overview is given of the QCDOC architecture, a massively parallel and highly scalable computer optimized for lattice QCD using system-on-a-chip technology. The heart of a single node is the PowerPC-based QCDOC ASIC, developed in collaboration with IBM Research, with a peak speed of 1 GFlop/s. The nodes communicate via high-speed serial links in a 6-dimensional mesh with nearest-neighbor connections. We find that highly optimized four-dimensional QCD code obtains over 50% efficiency in cycle accurate simulations of QCDOC, even for problems of fixed computational difficulty run on tens of thousands of nodes. We also provide an overview of the QCDOC operating system, which manages and runs QCDOC applications on partitions of variable dimensionality. Finally, the SciDAC activity for QCDOC and the message-passing interface QMP specified as a part of the SciDAC effort are discussed for QCDOC. We explain how to make optimal use of QMP routines on QCDOC in conjunction with existing C and C++ lattice QCD codes, including the publicly available MILC codes.
Interference Management in D2D-Enabled Heterogeneous Cellular Networks Using Matching Theory (2018)

To support the increasing data traffic demand in wireless communications networks, a multi-tier architecture that consists of multiple small cells is adopted in traditional (macro) cellular networks. Nevertheless, due to the expansion of various wireless devices and services, there is still a need to increase the network capacity in new generation networks such as 5G. Hence, the integration of Device-to-Device (D2D) communication as a promising technology with heterogeneous networks has been proposed. This integration not only increases network capacity but also improves spectral efficiency and alleviates the traffic load of base stations. However, the co/cross-tier interferences between D2D and cellular communications caused by resource sharing is a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose a distributed resource allocation algorithm based on matching theory to minimize these interferences and optimize the network performance. It is shown in this paper that the proposed algorithm converges to a stable matching and terminates after finite iterations. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is able to achieve more than 90 percent of the optimum network performance with much lower overhead and complexity.
Fracture and Production Data Integration Using Discrete Fracture Network Models for Carbonate Reservoir Management, South Oregon Basin Field, Wyoming (2000)

Abstract This paper describes the development of a discrete feature network (DFN) model for the South Oregon Basin field in the Big Horn Basin of Wyoming. This DFN model is being developed to support well placement and gel treatment in order to recover previously bypassed oil in this highly heterogeneous, structurally controlled carbonate reservoir. The DFN model developed in this paper is based on data from outcrop studies, fracture and lithologic data from wells and lineament maps from 3D seismic. The model is calibrated against tracer test results.
Ontology-Based Multimedia Data Mining for Design Information Retrieval (1998)

Design information systems serve different purposes during different phases of the design process. During the early conceptual design stage the information they define the required function and the constraints, and sketches indicate the alternatives considered. Once a partial design is developed, they provide information for its further elaboration. During later stages designers need information about the physical components for the detailing the design solution. If the final design is used and constructed, there is also a need to collect and file related information for later recall.
Priority assignment for sub-transaction in distributed real-time databases (1996)

Recent studies on deadline assignment to sub-tasks in distributed real-time systems have suggested different heuristics for priority assignment to improve the system performance [6,10]. These heuristics only consider the real-time constraints of the tasks and may not be suitable for distributed real-time database systems (DRTDBS). In this paper, we examine the performance of these heuristics for DRTDBS and suggest better alternatives. Our performance results show that many factors, such as data conflict resolution, transaction aborts and restarts, that are unique to a database system in fact have significant impact on the performance of the heuristics for subtransaction priority assignment. One of our proposed heuristics, which considers both real-time constraints of the transactions and the impact on data contention, gives the best performance. 1 Introduction Transactions in a distributed real-time database system (DRTDBS) have constraints on their completion times which are usually...
A Fast Fourier Trans- form Algorithm for a Global, Highly Parallel Processor (1969)

A fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm is presented for an unstructured, parallel ensemble of computing elements with global control. The procedure makes efficient use of a fixed-size memory and minimizes data transmission between computing elements. Included are some practical considerations of the trade-offs between element utilization and gain of computing speed via parallelism.
Equivalence of ion-size effect and hydrostatic-pressure effect on exchange coupling in spinels and garnets (1985)

The equivalence of ion-size effect and hydrostatic-pressure effect on the superexchange coupling is quantitatively established by using experimental results published in the literature for spinel and garnet ferrimagnetic materials. The method of investigation is based on the introduction in ${\mathrm{NiFe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ and in ${\mathrm{Y}}_{3}$${\mathrm{Fe}}_{5}$${\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ of two kinds of nonmagnetic ions with different ionic radii r and with low concentrations x: the volume variation \ensuremath{\Delta}V and the Curie-temperature variation \ensuremath{\Delta}${T}_{C}$ due to the ion-size effect permit one to find the value of \ensuremath{\beta}=(\ensuremath{\Delta}${T}_{C}$/${T}_{C}$)/\ensuremath{\Delta}V/V of the law ${T}_{C}$\ensuremath{\sim}${V}^{\ensuremath{\beta}}$. These values of \ensuremath{\beta} also agree with those obtained from the thermal-expansion measurements by using the expression of the volume anomaly deduced from molecular-field theory.
Gross Air Handling Characteristics of Membrane Oxygenators: An In Vitro Study (1994)

The goal of this study was to quantitate gross air handling characteristics of membrane oxygenators. Three oxygenator designs were tested: 1) flat plate, 2) blood-inside hollow fiber, and 3) blood-outside hollow fiber. Neither filters nor bubble traps were utilized in the test circuit; however, the purge line remained open during testing. The priming solution was Plasmalyte and expired human blood. The total circuit volume was 1000 ml with a resulting hematocrit of 23-25%. Tested blood flow range was 1-5 L/min and tested temperatures were 25°, 30° and 37°C. Tests were performed with oxygenator gas flow either on or off. Air boluses were introduced and counted by a micro bubble detector. In this study, all six oxygenators allowed macro air bubbles to pass through at flow rates of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 L/min. The distribution of non-visual micro bubble numbers and sizes varied with the flow rates and size of introduced air boluses. High flow rates (3-5 L/min) and 10-30 ml air boluses produced larger (81-160 μm) micro bubbles and low flow rates (1-2 L/min) and 5 ml air boluses produced smaller (1-80 μm) micro bubbles. This study shows that while membrane oxygenators may moderate, they cannot eliminate micro bubbles. Therefore, membrane oxygenators do not eliminate the risks of air during during cardiopulmonary bypass. The results suggest that arterial filters/bubble traps should be used in cardiopulmonary bypass circuits with membrane oxygenators.
OCULOMOTOR IMBALANCE IN BINOCULAR VISION AND FIXATION DISPARITY (1968)

Optometry and Vision Science is the most authoritative source for current developments in optometry, physiological optics, and vision science. This frequently cited monthly scientific journal has served primary eye care practitioners for more than 75 years, promoting vital interdisciplinary exchange among optometrists and vision scientists worldwide. Official Journal of the American Academy of Optometry.
Enzymes of energy metabolism in the bradyzoites and tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii (1996)

The bradyzoite and tachyzoite forms of Toxoplasma gondii, purified from infected animals, were analysed for their activities of phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, NAD+-and NADH-linked isocitrate dehydrogenases, and succinic dehydrogenase. Both developmental stages contained high activities of phosphofructokinase (specific for pyrophosphate rather than ATP), pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, suggesting that energy metabolism in both forms may centre around a high glycolytic flux linked to lactate production. The markedly higher activity of the latter two enzymes in bradyzoites suggests that lactate production is particularly important in this developmental form. NAD+-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase was not detectable in either stage of the parasite (and proved useful as a measure of the purity of the bradyzoite preparation), whereas both parasite forms contained low activities of NADP+-linked is&rate dehydrogenase. The results are consistent with the bradyzoites lacking a functional TCA cycle and respiratory chain and are suggestive of a lack of susceptibility of this developmental stage to atovaquone.
Performance of the green spruce aphid, <i>Elatobium abietinum</i> (Walker) on previously defoliated Sitka spruce (2005)

Abstract 1 The green spruce aphid, Elatobium abietinum , is an important defoliator of Sitka spruce in the U.K. However, it is usual for years in which high E. abietinum populations occur to be followed by a year with low aphid densities. The possibility that the performance of E. abietinum is reduced on previously infested Sitka spruce, and that this is the cause of year‐to‐year fluctuations in population density, was investigated by comparing population development and the growth rate of individual aphids on experimentally defoliated trees. 2 Separate experiments were performed to determine whether aphid performance was reduced either in the autumn immediately after defoliation in the spring, or was reduced in the spring of the next year. Different rates of initial defoliation on trees used to test aphid performance were created by artificially infesting the trees with aphids in the spring before the experiments, and varying the time of infestation. 3 Population development and the mean relative growth rate (MRGR) of individual aphids on previously defoliated and undefoliated Sitka spruce did not differ significantly in the spring of the next year. No differences were observed in the nutrient content of the 1‐year‐old needles of previously defoliated or undefoliated trees at this time. 4 In the autumn and winter immediately after spring defoliation, aphid MRGR was significantly higher on trees that had been heavily defoliated earlier in the season compared with trees that had been lightly defoliated. However, the difference in MRGR decreased over the winter period. Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium concentrations were 9.4–12.2% higher, at the beginning of the autumn, in the current year needles of heavily defoliated trees than in the current year needles of lightly defoliated trees. 5 The experiments indicate that high populations of E. abietinum in the spring do not induce any defensive mechanisms in Sitka spruce that adversely affect subsequent generations of the aphid. By contrast, the results suggest that high spring densities of the aphid improve the nutritional quality of the current year's foliage for autumn generations.
Maximum <i>a</i> <i>p</i> <i>o</i> <i>s</i> <i>t</i> <i>e</i> <i>r</i> <i>i</i> <i>o</i> <i>r</i> <i>i</i> estimation of narrow-band signal parameters (1980)

Maximum a posteriori (MAP) techniques are applied to the problem of estimating the unknown parameters of a frequency modulated narrow-band signal in additive white Gaussian noise. Signals are assumed to have unknown amplitude, initial phase, and frequency versus time history, although a priori information concerning the frequency trajectory may be available. In addition, it is assumed that the signal frequency trajectory can be adequately modeled by a continuous piecewise linear function of time. It is shown that the MAP estimator maximizes a linear combination of (1) coherent match of signal induced outputs to received observations, and (2) a term dependent only upon a priori knowledge. This second term reduces to a measure of trajectory smoothness in the special case of a Gauss–Markov a priori frequency model. Lastly, a MAP detection scheme is suggested for cases in which the presence of such signals is an issue.
Influence of nutrient media on the characteristics of the exopolysaccharide produced by three mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. (1984)

Mucoid strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa of the 'gelatinous' (strain PM1) and 'mucoid' (strains PM3 and PM11) types (Wahba and Darrell, 1965), from cystic fibrosis patients were grown on different nutrient media, in liquid and on solid matrix, and their ability to synthesize uronic acid-containing exopolysaccharide of varying molecular sizes was assessed. Strain PM1 produced the exopolysaccharide in all liquid media tested. However, the exopolysaccharide was always polydispersed when citrate was present but monodispersed and of high molecular weight (HMW) in its absence. Strain PM1 also formed non-mucoid colonies on some solid media and on those media no exopolysaccharide was produced. On media, on which the organism was always mucoid monodispersed, HMW exopolysaccharide was recovered. Strains PM3 and PM1 produced monodispersed, HMW exopolysaccharide in liquid MacConkey's and V-8 media, but polydispersed or no exopolysaccharide in ll other liquid media tested. On MacConkey's agar these strains were mucoid initially but appeared non-mucoid as the cultures aged. This colonial change was accompanied by a quantitative and qualitative change in the exopolysaccharide. In media on which these strains produced only non-mucoid colonies little or no exopolysaccharide was recovered. Crude enzyme preparations from all three strains indicate that enzyme(s) capable of depolymerizing the indigenous exopolysaccharide exist in each organism.
Free Circulating Tumor <scp>DNA</scp> as a Diagnostic Marker for Breast Cancer (2012)

The present study suggests that the level of cfDNA can be easily quantified using plasma samples. Thus, level of plasma cfDNA might constitute an important noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic valuable tool in cancer breast patients' management.
Progastrin and its Products from Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis and Liver Cirrhosis (2003)

Plasma levels of progastrin and gastrin are significantly increased in cirrhotic patients and this could be attributed to reduced metabolism of these peptides in liver cirrhosis and to their increased release due to H. pylori infection rate in this disease.
High-Valent Iron(IV)–Oxo Complexes of Heme and Non-Heme Ligands in Oxygenation Reactions (2007)

High-valent iron(IV)-oxo species have been implicated as the key reactive intermediates in the catalytic cycles of dioxygen activation by heme and non-heme iron enzymes. Our understanding of the enzymatic reactions has improved greatly via investigation of spectroscopic and chemical properties of heme and non-heme iron(IV)-oxo complexes. In this Account, reactivities of synthetic iron(IV)-oxo porphyrin pi-cation radicals and mononuclear non-heme iron(IV)-oxo complexes in oxygenation reactions have been discussed as chemical models of cytochrome P450 and non-heme iron enzymes. These results demonstrate how mechanistic developments in biomimetic research can help our understanding of dioxygen activation and oxygen atom transfer reactions in nature.
A Fraud Detection Visualization System Utilizing Radial Drawings and Heat-maps (2014)

We present a prototype system developed in cooperation with a business organization that combines information visualization and pattern-matching techniques to detect fraudulent activity by employees. The system is built upon common fraud patterns searched while trying to detect occupational fraud suggested by internal auditors of a business company. The main visualization of the system consists of a multi-layer radial drawing that represents the activity of the employees and clients. Each layer represents a different examined pattern whereas heat-maps indicating suspicious activity are incorporated in the visualization. The data are first preprocessed based on a decision tree generated by the examined patterns and each employee is assigned a value indicating whether or not there exist indications of fraud. The visualization is presented as an animation and the employees are visualized one by one according to their severity values together with their related clients.
Public perception and water quality management (1996)

The visual and odorous characteristics of the environment tend to be those which have the greatest impact upon the public's assessment of environmental quality. In many cases the public's perception of water quality may be based entirely on these aesthetic aspects of a water environment. Those responsible for the management of surface water quality recognise the need to apply a range of management strategies including a consideration of the public's perception of water quality and the impact of this upon their use of rivers and beaches for recreation and amenity. This paper reports upon the results from a recent investigation into the impact of sewage derived litter on perceived water and environmental quality.