gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dissolved air-flotation processes. Technical report (1986)

The theories and applications of various dissolved-air-flotation clarifiers (Supracell, Sandfloat, Floatpress, and Sedifloat) are presented. Supracell is a high-rate dissolved-air-flotation clarifier with only 3 to 5 minutes of detention time. Major application of Supracell is industrial-effluent treatment. Sandfloat is a package plant consisting of flocculation, dissolved-air floatation and automatic backwash filtration, and designed for either potable water treatment or tertiary wastewater-treatment. Sedifloat is a wastewater-treatment package plant consisting of both sedimentation and dissolved-air flotation. Floatpress consists of both dissolved air flotation and filter press and is specifically designed for sludge thickening. A Krofta Bargefloat is a floating lake-water clarification plant designed for acid-rain neutralization, phosphorus removal, algae removal and lake-water purification. Bargefloat has built-in chemical feeders, flocculator, dissolved-air-flotation clarifier and sand filter on a barge.
Acoustic measurements of suspended sediments in turbulent currents and comparison with <i>in-situ</i> samples (1997)

Increasingly in recent years the application of acoustic backscattering to the quantitative measurement of suspended sediment particle size and concentration at sea has gained acceptance. A number of works describing the interaction of sound with suspensions have been published, and the scattering properties of suspended sediments formulated. However, there have been relatively few experiments conducted in the marine environment, which have attempted to assess the accuracy of the acoustic measurements by direct comparison with in-situ samples, taken simultaneously with the acoustic observations. The purpose of the present work is to report on such an experiment, and to evaluate the accuracy of the acoustic technique. To this end multifrequency acoustic measurements of suspended sediment profiles were collected in an estuarine environment, subject to strong turbulent tidal currents, which generated high concentrations of suspended sediments. To obtain the sediment parameters from the acoustic data an inversion needs to be applied, and this inversion is examined here in some detail, particularly for the case when sediment attenuation is substantial. To assess the sediment parameters derived from the acoustic inversion, mean acoustic estimates of particle radius and concentration are compared with the benchmark of in-situ pumped sampling. In addition to the analysis of the mean data, high-resolution images of the suspension dynamics have been generated, and the validity of these observations appraised by evaluating the internal consistency of the multifrequency results.
Making Spousal Estate Tax Exemptions Transferable (2005)

Under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, taxpayers are permitted a federal gift tax exemption and an estate tax exemption. Although technically not exemptions but more in the nature of exemption "equivalents" that entitle taxpayers to a credit, each is more easily understood as an exemption. The gift tax exemption, as so understood, is $1 million for each taxpayer and is not scheduled to increase. The estate tax exemption, as also so understood, is $1 million for 2005 and is scheduled to become $2 million in 2006, 2007, and 2008 and reach $3.5 million in 2009. There will be no estate tax for individuals dying in 2010. Beginning in 2011, the estate tax exemption drops to the gift tax exemption level of $1 million.
Structural proteins of two salmonid rhabdoviruses (1975)

Purified infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) virus and the virus of haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) (Egtved virus) each contain five structural proteins which were designated L, G, N, M-1, and M-2. The IHN viral polypeptides have molecular weights estimated to be 157,000, 72,000, 40,000, 25,000 and 20,000, respectively, whereas those of VHS viral polypeptides are estimated to be 157,000 74,000, 41,000, 21,500, and 19,000, respectively. The carbohydrate composition of the glycoprotein (G) was confirmed by demonstrating selective incorporation of [3H]glucosamine into the designated G protein of both viruses. Phosphoproteins were identified by incorporation of [32P]orthophosphate into the N and M-1 proteins of IHN virus and into the N protein of VHS virus. The glycoprotein of each virus was selectively solubilized by treatment with Triton X-100 in low salt buffer, whereas the M-1, and M-2 proteins along with the G protein were solubilized by Ttition X-100 in 0.43 M NaCl. The protein composition of the salmonid rhabdoviruses resembles that of the rabies virus group more closely than the vesicular stomatitis virus group.
The floating-point unit of the PowerPC 603e microprocessor (1996)

The IBM PowerPC 603e™ floating-point unit (FPU) is an on-chip functional unit to support IEEE 754 standard single- and double-precision binary floating-point arithmetic operations. The design objectives are to be a low-cost, low-power, high-performance engine in a single-chip superscalar microprocessor. Using less than 15 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of the available silicon area on the chip (the size of the PowerPC 603e microprocessor is 98 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) and operating at the peak clock frequency of 100 MHz, an average single-pumping multiply-add-fuse instruction has one-cycle throughput and four-cycle latency. An average double-pumping multiply-add-fuse instruction has two-cycle throughput and five-cycle latency. The estimated performance at 100 MHz is 105 against the SPECfp92™ benchmark.
Simulation Evaluation of Dynamic TRANSYT and SCATS-Based Signal Control Logic under Time Varying Traffic Demand (2004)

This research compares the traffic operations in a small network of two intersections when the signal timing plans were calculated or controlled by TRANSYT and SCATS respectively, by means of microscopic traffic simulations using PARAMICS. The three different time varying OD matrices with fluctuating traffic volume have been used in the simulation experiment. The results of our simulation evaluation have shown that dynamic TRANSYT control appears better in more cases than SCATS-based control, except in handling the relatively high fluctuation in OD in the hypothetical network.
Hadoop acceleration through network levitated merge (2011)

Hadoop is a popular open-source implementation of the MapReduce programming model for cloud computing. However, it faces a number of issues to achieve the best performance from the underlying system. These include a serialization barrier that delays the reduce phase, repetitive merges and disk access, and lack of capability to leverage latest high speed interconnects. We describe Hadoop-A, an acceleration framework that optimizes Hadoop with plugin components implemented in C++ for fast data movement, overcoming its existing limitations. A novel network-levitated merge algorithm is introduced to merge data without repetition and disk access. In addition, a full pipeline is designed to overlap the shuffle, merge and reduce phases. Our experimental results show that Hadoop-A doubles the data processing throughput of Hadoop, and reduces CPU utilization by more than 36%.
Bombesin enhancement of cAMP accumulation in swiss 3T3 cells: Evidence of a dual mechanism of action (1988)

Addition of bombesin in the presence of either forskolin or cholera toxin caused a marked (4-6 fold) enhancement of cAMP accumulation in Swiss 3T3 cells. This effect was time and concentration dependent, induced by various bombesin-like peptides and blocked by a bombesin antagonist. Enhancement of cAMP accumulation by bombesin was diminished by chronic pretreatment with phorbol dibutyrate implicating the involvement of protein kinase C in the activation. Pretreatment with pertussis toxin, which uncouples protein kinase C activation from cAMP accumulation (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 84:2282, 1987) also inhibited bombesin enhancement of cAMP. Bombesin was also shown to release E type prostaglandins into the medium, an effect which was abolished by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. Low concentrations (100 nM) of indomethacin partially inhibited the accumulation of cAMP by bombesin in the presence of forskolin indicating that the release of E type prostaglandins into the medium is also involved in the accumulation of cAMP by bombesin. The additive nature of PBt2-mediated down-regulation and treatment with indomethacin suggests that activation of protein kinase C and the release of E type prostaglandins provide two distinct pathways involved in the enhancement of cAMP accumulation by bombesin. Finally, bombesin in the presence of forskolin stimulated the phosphorylation of the intermediate filament component vimentin, identified in the accompanying paper as a substrate for a cAMP dependent protein kinase in intact Swiss 3T3 cells.
Macrocyclic effect in transition metal ion complexes of a mixed (nitrogen, oxygen) donor macrocycle (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMacrocyclic effect in transition metal ion complexes of a mixed (nitrogen, oxygen) donor macrocycleRobert D. Hancock and Vivienne J. ThomCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1982, 104, 1, 291–292Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1982https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00365a055RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views191Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (260 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Drug Susceptibility in HIV Infection After Viral Rebound in Patients Receiving Indinavir-Containing Regimens (2000)

ContextLoss of viral suppression in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), who are receiving potent antiretroviral therapy, has been attributed to outgrowth of drug-resistant virus; however, resistance patterns are not well characterized in patients whose protease inhibitor combination therapy fails after achieving viral suppression.ObjectiveTo characterize drug susceptibility of virus from HIV-infected patients who are failing to sustain suppression while taking an indinavir-containing antiretroviral regimen.Design and SettingSubstudy of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group 343, a multicenter clinical research trial conducted between February 1997 and October 1998.PatientsTwenty-six subjects who experienced rebound (HIV RNA level ≥200 copies/mL) during indinavir monotherapy (n = 9) or triple-drug therapy (indinavir, lamivudine, and zidovudine; n = 17) after initially achieving suppression while receiving all 3 drugs, and 10 control subjects who had viral suppression while receiving triple-drug therapy.Main Outcome MeasureDrug susceptibility, determined by a phenotypic assay and genotypic evidence of resistance assessed by nucleotide sequencing of protease and reverse transcriptase, compared among the 3 patient groups.ResultsIndinavir resistance was not detected in the 9 subjects with viral rebound during indinavir monotherapy or in the 17 subjects with rebound during triple-drug therapy, despite plasma HIV RNA levels ranging from 102 to 105 copies/mL. In contrast, lamivudine resistance was detected by phenotypic assay in rebound isolates from 14 of 17 subjects receiving triple-drug therapy, and genotypic analyses showed changes at codon 184 of reverse transcriptase in these 14 isolates. Mean random plasma indinavir concentrations in the 2 groups with rebound were similar to those of a control group with sustained viral suppression, although levels below 50 ng/mL were more frequent in the triple-drug group than in the control group (P = .03).ConclusionsLoss of viral suppression may be due to suboptimal antiviral potency, and selection of a predominantly indinavir-resistant virus population may be delayed for months even in the presence of ongoing indinavir therapy. The results suggest possible value in assessing strategies using drug components of failing regimens evaluated with resistance testing.
Future directions for rhodopsin structure and function studies (1995)

Abstract NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) may be useful for determining the structure of retinal and its environment in rhodopsin, but not for determining the complete protein structure. Aggregation and low yield of fragments of rhodopsin may make them difficult to study by NMR. A long-term multidisciplinary attack on rhodopsin structure is required.
Buspirone Augmentation of Antidepressant Therapy (1998)

Thirty outpatients meeting DSM-III-R or DSM-IV criteria for major depression, single or recurrent episode, and failing to respond to an adequate trial of an antidepressant (>6 weeks at recommended dosage) received buspirone (20-30 mg/day) for 4 or 5 weeks in addition to their existing antidepressant. Of the 22 patients who had buspirone added to their selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant regimen (fluoxetine, paroxetine, or citalopram), 59% (13/22) showed complete or partial remission of their depressive symptomatology. Similarly, 63% (5/8) of patients treated with buspirone in addition to clomipramine showed complete or partial remission. The mean score on the Clinical Global Impressions Scale fell by 64% (from 4.7 to 1.7; p < 0.0001) in treatment responders (complete and partial). No serious side effects were observed during combination therapy. Seventy-nine percent (11/14) of initial responders (both complete and partial) who remained on augmentation therapy for at least 4 months were symptom-free at follow-up. Buspirone augmentation may produce marked clinical improvement in depressed patients who are initially unresponsive to standard antidepressant therapy.
The Application of Real-Time PCR to Food and Agricultural Systems. A Review (2004)

Abstract Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) allows each cycle of DNA amplification to be observed on a computer screen throughout the sequence of thermal cycling, hence the designation “real-time.” RT-PCR assays have been developed for a variety of target sequences of food borne microbial pathogens, plant pathogens, and genetically modified foods. A major and highly sensitive aspect of RT-PCR is the use of fluorescent reporter dyes that undergo enhanced fluorescence when bound to DNA. Among the fluorescent reporter systems employed are SYBR green, and the molecular probes designated TaqMan, FRET, molecular beacons, and variations of these systems. A major advantage of RT-PCR involves the amplification of short DNA target sequences of 60–70-bp, which allows greatly reduced extension times, which when coupled with the advanced technology of RT thermal cyclers with reduced ramp times, greatly reduces cycle times so that amplified targets can be recognized within 30 min of amplification in some cases. Another major advantage is that agarose-gel electrophoresis is not required to visualize amplified target DNA which greatly reduces assay time.
A genetic approach to color image compression (1997)

Advances in compression technique will have to keep pace with the exponential increase in the need for storage and transport of bulky multimedia images. This paper concerns the use of vector quantization for processing color images. We propose a new, genetic algorithm based, scheme for code book design in the quantization process, and compare its performance with the widely used Linde-Buzo-Gray algorithm We also introduce a new genetic operator known as synchronization that works especially well in this problem domain.
The Grey Clustering Evaluation Model of Enterprises IPR Performance Management (2011)

The enterprise intellectual property rights supervisory work is acomplex system engineering, the achievements of management performance is from management process and final product. Through the semantic resolution, from the service quality and the technical quality two aspects, has constructed the enterprise intellectual property rights management achievements pessimistic cluster quality synthetic evaluation model, and unifies the example confirmation model the accuracy and the validity.
Privacy issues on biometric systems (2005)

In the XXI“‘century, there is a strong interest on privacy issues. Technology permits obtaining personal information without individuals’ consent, computers make it feasible to share and process this information, and tbh can bring about damaging implications. In some sense, biometric information is personal information, so it is important to be conscious about what is true and what is false when some people claim that biometrics is an attempt to impinge upon an individuals’ privacy. In this paper, key points related to this matter are dealt with.
Effect of deicing salts on urban soils and health status of roadside trees in the Opole region (2004)

This article reports on a study whose aim was to evaluate the impact of snow removal salts on urban soil properties and the health of roadside trees. The evaluation was done by chemical analyses of soil samples and plant matter combined with toxicity testing, performed with a Protoxkit F, a protozoan microbiotest. Samples were collected at 45 locations on three main roads in the town of Opole (Poland). The roads differed in the snow removal technology and amount of chemical substances (mostly NaCl) used on them during the winter. The study showed that when soil was exposed to a high level of NaCl, it tended to be more alkaline and also exhibited increased content of Na(+) and Cl(-). The toxic effects of the soil extract on protozoa appeared at 26.0 mg Na(+)/100 g soil dry mass (s.d.m.) and 12.0 mg Cl(-)/100 g s.d.m., whereas salt injury symptoms (chlorosis and necrosis of the edge of leaf blades) appeared at 13.2 mg Na(+)/100 g s.d.m. and 3.9 mg Cl(-)/100 g s.d.m., becoming more severe at 26.0 mg Na(+)/100 g s.d.m. and 12.0 mg Cl(-)/100 g s.d.m. because of extensive necrosis and defoliation. The lysimetric experiment, which was used to test soil samples collected from the city park area, indicated that salt plays a significant role in the pollution of soil in urban areas, with the least toxic salt being CaCl(2).
Antigestogens (1993)

Antigestogens are compounds which inhibit the synthesis of progesterone or antagonise its biological action. The progesterone antagonist mifepristone (RU 486) binds with high affinity to progesterone receptors throughout the body, blocking the action of endogenous progesterone. In the last 10 years it has been demonstrated that mifepristone, in combination with a suitable prostaglandin, is a safe, effective alternative to vacuum aspiration for termination of pregnancy in the first two months. Preliminary trials suggest that antigestogens may be useful true contraceptives by inhibiting ovulation or by preventing implantation as once a month pills and postcoital agents. In late pregnancy, by sensitising the uterus to prostaglandins and by promoting cervical dilatation, they may induce labour and facilitate lactation. In non-pregnant women mifepristone may have application in the treatment of hormone-dependent conditions such as endometriosis, fibromyomata, meningioma and breast cancer. The availability of hormone antagonists to oestrogens, androgens and progesterone offers the possibility of new methods of regulating reproductive function in health and disease.
Direct Liquefaction of High-Sulfur Coals:  Effects of the Catalyst, the Solvent, and the Mineral Matter (2002)

Two low-rank coals with high sulfur contents (Gediz subbituminous coal: 7.6 wt % S:dry basis. Çayirhan lignite: 5.7 wt% S:dry basis.) were subjected to hydroliquefaction. Liquefaction conditions included dry or solvent mediated runs under pressurized hydrogen without added catalyst or with the impregnated catalyst precursor ammonium heptamolybdate (AHM). Gediz coal having higher sulfur content gave 90% conversion in the absence of catalyst and solvent. Maximum conversion (98%) and maximum oil + gas yield (70%) from this coal were obtained by impregnating AHM onto coal and carrying out liquefaction in H2/tetralin system at 450 °C for 30 min. Under the same conditions, Çayirhan lignite gave 85% conversion and 70.5% oil + gas yield. The superior hydrodesulfurization effect of impregnated AHM on the oil fraction when used in the absence of solvent (less than 0.1% S in lignite's oil and less than 1% S in subbituminous coal's oil following one-stage hydrogenation) is a promising finding of this work. AHM was found to be much more effective in liquefaction of Çayirhan lignite and this has been ascribed to the well-dispersion of AHM throughout this lignite's structure via a cation-exchange mechanism through oxygen functionalities. Strong evidence for the catalytic effect of clay minerals in coal structure on char-forming reactions during liquefaction was observed by making use of liquefaction reactions of demineralized coal samples. It was also observed that tetralin had a retarding effect on the condensation and subsequent cross-linking reactions.
Coal mine ground control (1978)

Mine Layouts and Ground Control Practices in Underground Coal Mines Common Ground Control Problems in Underground Coal Mines Rock Properties and in situ Stresses Geological Effects and Roof Stability Classification and Investigation Roof Bolting Coal Pillars Ground Control in Longwall Mining Ground Control in Multiple-Seam Mining Bumps Instrumentation Special Supports and Problems Surface Subsidence Appendixes.
Development Fees and Exemptions for Affordable Housing: Tailoring Regulations to Achieve Multiple Public Objectives (2018)

The author is very grateful for the invaluable comments of Marty Leitner, Senior Partner with Freilich, Leitner, Carlisle & Shortlidge and Michael Stegman, Dean of the Department of City and Regional Planning at the University of North Carolina; and to Mark Rosch of the Monroe County, Florida, Planning Department; Jim Hanna, Supervisor, Loveland, Colorado, Planning, Engineering and Building Department; Sam Bedders, Loveland, Colorado Housing Authority; and Chris Windecker, Reno Planning Department for the useful information they provided for the Case Studies.
An algorithm for the calibration of sensor arrays with sensor gain and phase uncertainties (1993)

A powerful, efficient non-iterative array calibration algorithm is presented. The algorithm determines the gain and phase compensation for translational invariant, particularly linear uniform arrays which are the basis for many efficient array processing algorithms. Starting with N measurements of the desired M-element array scan range, the algorithm computes just 2M weighted scalar products of N-element vectors and solves a (M-2)*(M-2) tridiagonal system of normal equations. An exact knowledge of the source position is not necessary. The algorithm also compensates for angle dependent model deviations like near field effects or element pattern mismatch in a least squares sense within the scan range.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>