gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
SMO: an integrated approach to intra-array and inter-array storage optimization (2016)

The polyhedral model provides an expressive intermediate representation that is convenient for the analysis and subsequent transformation of affine loop nests. Several heuristics exist for achieving complex program transformations in this model. However, there is also considerable scope to utilize this model to tackle the problem of automatic memory footprint optimization. In this paper, we present a new automatic storage optimization technique which can be used to achieve both intra-array as well as inter-array storage reuse with a pre-determined schedule for the computation. Our approach works by finding statement-wise storage partitioning hyperplanes that partition a unified global array space so that values with overlapping live ranges are not mapped to the same partition. Our heuristic is driven by a fourfold objective function which not only minimizes the dimensionality and storage requirements of arrays required for each high-level statement, but also maximizes inter-statement storage reuse. The storage mappings obtained using our heuristic can be asymptotically better than those obtained by any existing technique. We implement our technique and demonstrate its practical impact by evaluating its effectiveness on several benchmarks chosen from the domains of image processing, stencil computations, and high-performance computing.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric (2,3) Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Chiral Allylic Selenonium Ylides. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synthesis of Dense MgB2 Bulks and Their Critical Current Properties (2005)

Dense MgB2 bulk superconductors were prepared by a diffusion method in sealed stainless tubes, into which magnesium and boron powders were separately packed. After diffusion reaction at a temperature above 780°C for a long time, dense MgB2 bulks with densities of 2.35˜2.60 g cm-3 formed at the initially boron packed part. The critical current properties of the dense bulks were high, and the highest Jc was more than 0.8 MA cm-2 at 20 K in low magnetic fields. This value is almost threefold higher than that of conventionally processed MgB2 bulks with low densities of ˜1.3 g cm-3. A largely increased effective current path is essential for enhanced Jc characteristics. Doping of boron, carbon and silicon-carbide further improved the critical current properties of the dense MgB2 bulks, particularly under high magnetic fields. This is mainly due to the substitution effect of carbon for the boron site. In addition, starting from premixed MgB2 and boron powders was found to be effective for suppressing the generation of cracks, thereby resulting in the successful fabrication of long and dense MgB2 plates. The newly developed diffusion method can provide homogeneous and dense MgB2 bulks that are suitable for basic research on flux pinning properties including doping effects, as well as for application to large current carrying devices such as current leads.
A natural soil and mechanism of removal (1965)

Abstract Nitrogen compounds in natural soils are studied in relation to their effect on the soil removal mechanism in detergency. Nitrogen compounds in various forms and in fairly large amts are found in natural soils, and more than 24% of these nitrogen compounds are presumed to be high mol wt nitrogen compounds or proteins. These high mol wt nitrogen compounds which cannot be removed by water can be removed by the detergent action of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBS). When the detergency of DBS was compared with nonyl phenol‐polyoxyethylene adduct, the detergency for artificial soil cloths did not coincide with results obtained with naturally soiled cloths. These data suggest that some interaction between DBS and nitrogen compounds might have contributed to the detergent action. If proteins were added to the present artificial soil formulation, better correlation might be expected between artificial and natural soil detergency results in DBS evaluation.
Microwave Effects on the Central Nervous System - A Study of Radar Mechanics (1989)

Seventeen radar mechanics and engineers and 12 unexposed referents were examined, using extensive neurological, psychometric and neuropsychiatric techniques to determine whether there were any indications of central nervous system effects of microwave exposure. Pathological neurological findings were not more common in the exposed group than among the referents. In addition, the psychometric tests and the psychiatric rating scales did not reveal any statistically significant adverse effects of microwave exposure. The frequency of the occurrence of an increased protein band with an isoelectric point of 4.5 in the cerebrospinal fluid was higher among the men exposed to microwaves than among the referents. The nature and clinical significance of this or these proteins are still unclear. The time derivative of the magnetic flux density close to some of the transmitter units was surprisingly high (up to 350 T s-1).
Interventional Oncology in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2016)

The clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma has evolved greatly in the last decade mostly through recent technical innovations. In particular, the application of cutting-edge image guidance has led to minimally invasive solutions for complex clinical problems and rapid advances in the field of interventional oncology. Many image-guided therapies, such as transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation, have meanwhile been fully integrated into interdisciplinary clinical practice, whereas others are currently being investigated. This review summarizes and evaluates the most relevant completed and ongoing clinical trials, provides a synopsis of recent innovations in the field of intraprocedural imaging and tumor response assessment, and offers an outlook on new technologies, such as radiopaque embolic materials. In addition, combination therapies consisting of locoregional therapies and systemic molecular targeted agents (e.g., sorafenib) remain of major interest to the field and are also discussed. Finally, we address the many substantial advances in immune response pathways that have been related to the systemic effects of locoregional therapies. Knowledge of these new developments is crucial as they continue to shape the future of cancer treatment, further establishing interventional oncology along with surgical, medical, and radiation oncology as the fourth pillar of cancer care.
Channel Wing as a Potential VTOL/STOL Aero-Vehicle Concept (2010)

Low-cost, high efficiency, multi-purpose and compact aircraft capable of Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) or Short Takeoff and Landing (STOL) flight have long been desired by the aerospace community. The channel wing concept, first proposed by Willard Custer in the late 1940s, is a promising candidate for efficient V/STOL performance. A channel wing has an upwardly opening semi-cylindrical channel placed near the aircraft fuselage. A propulsion unit is mounted in the channel; usually a propeller located towards the rear. When the propeller is operated at static or low speed conditions, the speed of the air flowing through the channel is much higher than that of the air flowing below the wing. As a result, high lift is generated. The concept was brought to life in prototype airplanes manufactured by the Custer Channel Wing Corporation in the 1950s and the 1960s, but these designs had a number of problems. The improvements in aerospace technology since then and recent developments in circulation control technology may facilitate the realization of a superior channel wing configuration. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the most significant patents on this subject and concludes with comments on possible future developments.
Equations of State for Tricritical Points (1975)

Renormalization-group recursion relations are used to calculate to order $\ensuremath{\epsilon}=4\ensuremath{-}d$ the free-energy, ordering-susceptibility, and magnetization-crossover scaling functions for tricritical points in isotropic $n$-vector models. The equations of state describe critical and tricritical behavior in both ordered and disordered phases.
Smart material actuated rotor technology - SMART (2000)

Vibration, noise, and aerodynamic design compromises are primary barriers to further improvements in effectiveness of the helicopter. The MD900 light utility helicopter main rotor system is modified to include in-blade smart material actuation for active control. A piezoelectric (PE)-driven trailing edge flap is used for vibration, noise, and aerodynamic performance improvements. A shape memory alloy (SMA)-driven trailing edge trim tab is used for in-flight blade tracking.Sizing and conceptual design of an active flap and trim tab system for the MD900 helicopter were completed. Several two-dimensional airfoil and flap/tab models were wind tunnel tested and an aerodynamic database was established. Structural samples of the flap actuator mounts, flap section, tab, and full-span flap were fabricated and successfully tested. Several prototype actuators were developed and extensively tested to establish their performance and robustness in the dynamic operating environment. The flap actuator uses two biaxial PE...
Efficiently Executing Information-Gathering Plans. (1997)

We describe Razor, a planning-based information-gathering agent that assists users by automatically determining which Internet information sites are relevant to their query, accessing those sites in parallel, and integrating the results. Razor uses a disjunctive graph-based plan representation. It then uses a novel and powerful form of local completeness reasoning in order to transform those plans into contingent plans of high quality. These contingent plans can be efficiently executed, obtaining more answers at less cost than the original plans. We focus in this paper on the algorithms underlying the plan transformation process.
DEVELOPMENT OF SHEAR BANDING IN SANDSTONE (2004)

Closed-loop, servo-controlled compression tests were conducted to investigate the development of shear banding in Berea sandstone. The experiments were performed with a Vardoulakis-Goldscheider type plane-strain apparatus, designed to allow the shear band to develop in an unrestricted manner. Dilatancy and friction were evaluated at three confining pressures, and several tests were halted in the strain-softening regime. Thin section microscopy and digital image analysis provided direct observations of the shear band. Porosity increase within the shear band was 4-8 grain diameters wide and associated with intragranular microcracks; increased porosity did not extend beyond the tip of the shear band.
9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine (Ganciclovir) in the Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Gastrointestinal Disease with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (1987)

9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine (ganciclovir) was used to treat 41 patients (median age, 37 years) with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal infection. Sites of infection were the colon in 31, the esophagus in 5, the rectum in 4, and the small bowel in 1. Patients received ganciclovir, 5 mg/kg body weight, intravenously every 12 hours for 14 days. Clinical improvement was seen in 30 patients and virologic response in 32. Mainly hematologic toxicity occurred: moderate leukopenia (1000 to 1900/mm3) was seen in 7 patients and severe (less than 1000/mm3) in 1, and moderate neutropenia (500 to 1000/mm3) in 5 and severe (less than 500/mm3) in 1. A cutaneous rash developed in 2 patients. Median overall survival was 16 weeks (range, 2 to 56). Cytomegalovirus recurred in 13 patients; median time to recurrence was 9 weeks from the start of treatment. Ganciclovir may be effective in treating cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Cardiac motion analysis from cine MR sequences using non-rigid registration techniques (2006)

The objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of using non-rigid registration techniques to estimates myocardial motion from CINE-MR images without user interaction. Myocardial displacement field was obtained using a pair-wise non rigid registration technique that computes incremental motion for every consecutive pair of images in the sequence. We use a semi-local parametric deformation model that balances both local and global motion estimation. This analytical representation provides an excellent frame work to derive myocardial function parameters such as strain. In order to assess the applicability of the method we measure and compare radial displacement (Dr) and strain (Sr) in a total number of 56 normokinetic segments and 26 hypokinetic segments. These measurements correlate well with previous functional knowledge of the myocardial function from tagged MR data.
Major quantitative trait loci affecting honey bee foraging behavior. (1995)

We identified two genomic regions that affect the amount of pollen stored in honey bee colonies and influence whether foragers will collect pollen or nectar. We selected for the amount of pollen stored in combs of honey bee colonies, a colony-level trait, and then used random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and interval mapping procedures with data from backcross colonies to identify two quantitative trait loci (pln1 and pln2, LOD 3.1 and 2.3, respectively). Quantitative trait loci effects were confirmed in a separate cross by demonstrating the cosegregation of marker alleles with the foraging behavior of individual workers. Both pln1 and pln2 had an effect on the amount of pollen carried by foragers returning to the colony, as inferred by the association between linked RAPD marker alleles, D8-.3f and 301-.55, and the individual pollen load weights of returning foragers. The alleles of the two marker loci were nonrandomly distributed with respect to foraging task. The two loci appeared to have different effects on foraging behavior. Individuals with alternative alleles for the marker linked to pln2 (but not pln1) differed with respect to the nectar sugar concentration of their nectar loads.
Clearance of rabbit plasma angiotensinogen and relationship to CSF angiotensinogen (1983)

Rabbit plasma angiotensinogen was purified 1,390-fold by classical purification procedures. Analytical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and direct activity assay revealed that the purified preparations were greater than 90% native angiotensinogen. The purified angiotensinogen was radiolabeled with 125I-Na using the immobilized lactoperoxidase-Sepharose method and injected into awake, conscious rabbits. Complex clearance kinetics were observed that were resolved by a three-component model; half of the protein was cleared rapidly (t1/2 = 6 and 54 min), presumably reflecting mixing and redistribution, whereas half exhibited slow clearance kinetics (t1/2 = 8.58 h). The clearance kinetics were independent of the method of iodination and the isoelectric-point microheterogeneity of the protein. With knowledge of clearance kinetics we tested whether cerebrospinal fluid angiotensinogen could derive from the plasma pool. After injection of approximately 100 microCi 125I-angiotensinogen into the rabbit circulation, little 125I-angiotensinogen was detected in cerebrospinal fluid. Further, the brain space of 125I-angiotensinogen was identical to that of 125I-albumin, a protein that does not partition from plasma into the central nervous system. We conclude that the brain prohormone does not appear to be derived from the plasma pool.
Bile Acid-Induced Virulence Gene Expression of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Reveals a Novel Therapeutic Potential for Bile Acid Sequestrants (2010)

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a bacterial pathogen, causes human gastroenteritis. A type III secretion system (T3SS2) encoded in pathogenicity island (Vp-PAI) is the main contributor to enterotoxicity and expression of Vp-PAI encoded genes is regulated by two transcriptional regulators, VtrA and VtrB. However, a host-derived inducer for the Vp-PAI genes has not been identified. Here, we demonstrate that bile induces production of T3SS2-related proteins under osmotic conditions equivalent to those in the intestinal lumen. We also show that bile induces vtrA-mediated vtrB transcription. Transcriptome analysis of bile-responsive genes revealed that bile strongly induces expression of Vp-PAI genes in a vtrA-dependent manner. The inducing activity of bile was diminished by treatment with bile acid sequestrant cholestyramine. Finally, we demonstrate an in vivo protective effect of cholestyramine on enterotoxicity and show that similar protection is observed in infection with a different type of V. parahaemolyticus or with non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae strains of vibrios carrying the same kind of T3SS. In summary, these results provide an insight into how bacteria, through the ingenious action of Vp-PAI genes, can take advantage of an otherwise hostile host environment. The results also reveal a new therapeutic potential for widely used bile acid sequestrants in enteric bacterial infections.
Oxidative rearrangements of a pelletierine-derived building block (2012)

Propylpiperidine units (“C5NC3”) closely related to pelletierine are involved in the biosynthesis of Lycopodium alkaloids [1]. Our interest in the biomimetic synthesis of this class of sometimes complex alkaloids (see the example of himeradine A below), led us to the conception and preparation of a stable (R)-phenylglycinol-based oxazolopiperidine analog of pelletierine. Among other reactivity studies, an original rearrangement in oxidative conditions will be presented leading to another useful analog.
Synthesis of Tetrameric Arabinogalactans Based on 1,2-Anhydrosugars (1998)

The spacer-containing tetrameric arabinogalactans 1−3, suitable for CCRC-M7 epitope characterization, are readily accessible by ZnCl2-assisted stepwise elongation of 11-methoxycarbonylundecanol 9 with the 1,2-anhydrogalactose building unit 6. NIS/cat. TfOH-mediated glycosylation of the newly formed 2-OH, 2′-OH, or 2′′-OH function in the β-(16)-galactoside backbone with the 1-thioarabinofuranoside donor 8, followed by deprotection, provided the target tetramers in high overall yield.
On the Possibility of Aesthetic Atheism: Philosophy and the Market in Art (1985)

What can we learn about art by analyzing the art market? The author offers a skeptical argument. Judgements of aesthetic value change with time. Since those changes reflect market value, perhaps we can show that aesthetic value is market value. The critic, we would then believe, seeks to persuade us that art has aesthetic value, for our beliefs about art’s value depend upon a consensus established in part by the critic. Recently some critics and philosophers have argued that the traditions of art are dead. The prospects for such an ‘aesthetic atheism’ in relation to this skeptical argument are discussed.
Simple Esterification of [1-<sup>13</sup>C]-Alpha-Ketoglutarate Enhances Membrane Permeability and Allows for Noninvasive Tracing of Glutamate and Glutamine Production (2021)

Alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) is a key metabolite and signaling molecule in cancer cells, but the low permeability of α-KG limits the study of α-KG mediated effects in vivo. Recently, cell-permeable monoester and diester α-KG derivatives have been synthesized for use in vivo, but many of these derivatives are not compatible for use in hyperpolarized carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HP-<sup>13</sup>C-MRS). HP-<sup>13</sup>C-MRS is a powerful technique that has been used to noninvasively trace labeled metabolites in real time. Here, we show that using diethyl-[1-<sup>13</sup>C]-α-KG as a probe in HP-<sup>13</sup>C-MRS allows for noninvasive tracing of α-KG metabolism in vivo.
GATE RESIZING TO REDUCE POWER CONSUMPTION (2002)

We study the problem of resizing gates so as to reduce overall power consumption while satisfying a circuit's timing constraints. Polynomial time algorithms for series-parallel and tree circuits are obtained. Gate resizing with multigate modules is shown to be NP-hard. Algorithms that improve upon those presented by Chen and Sarrafzadeh 4 for general circuits are also developed.
Genotyping of the Pseudorabies Virus by Multiplex PCR Followed by Restriction Enzyme Analysis (2011)

Suid herpesvirus 1 (SuHV-1) is the causative agent of Aujeszky's disease. The infectious agent has only one serotype, but it was classified by restriction enzyme analysis of the whole genome into four genotypes, named I to IV. The aim of this study was to standardize a rapid method for genotyping SuHV-1 without virus isolation, using a multiplex-PCR followed by enzymatic restriction analysis. The complete genome of the virus was analyzed in silico to determine the restriction sites for the enzyme BamHI. Primers were designed to flank sites with emphasis on certain points of differentiation of genotypes. The standard PCRs were able to detect the SuHV-1 and also to differentiate genotypes from brain tissue of infected pigs. The BamHI-PCR is a rapid, practical, and sensitive way to genotype SuHV-1.
Cobalamin binding proteins and their receptors (1994)

Mammalian cobalamin binding proteins include those proteins that bind cobinamides. All molecules containing four reduced pyrrole rings linked together (called ‘corrin’ because they are at the core of the molecule) are called corrinoids. The prefix ‘cob’ is used when a cobalt atom is present, and such corrinoids are termed cobinamides. The cobinamides that show biological activity in microorganisms and/or mammals are called vitamin B12 and those that are active only in human and mammalian metabolism are called cobalamins. The two naturally occurring forms of cobalamin (cbl) in man are methyl-cobalamin (found mostly in the cytoplasm) and adenosylcobalamin (found in mitochondria). Cobinamides used by bacteria lack the ribosyl, aminopropanol, or nucleotide groups of cobalamin, or contain substitutions on these moieties (Hogenkamp, 1975).
Connectome Reorganization Associated With Surgical Outcome in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (2015)

To identify the distinct pattern of anatomical network reorganization in surgically refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) patients using a longitudinal design. We collected longitudinal diffusion-weighted images of 19 MTLE patients before and after anterior temporal lobectomy. Patients were classified as seizure-free (SF) or nonseizure-free (NSF) at least 1 year after surgery. We constructed whole-brain anatomical networks derived from white matter tractography and evaluated network connectivity measures by graph theoretical analysis. The reorganization trajectories of network measures in SF and NSF patients were investigated by two-way mixed analysis of variance, with factors "group" (SF vs NSF) and "treatment" (presurgery vs postsurgery). Widespread brain structures showed opposite reorganization trajectories in FS and NSF groups (interaction effect). Most of them showed group difference before surgery and then converge after surgery, suggesting that surgery remodeled these structures into a similar status. Conversly, contralateral amygdala-planum-temporale and thalamic-parietal tracts showed higher connectivity strength in NSF than in SF patients after surgery, indicating maladaptive neuroplastic responses to surgery in NSF patients. Our findings suggest that surgical outcomes are associated not only with the preoperative pattern of anatomical connectivity, but also with connectome reconfiguration following surgery. The reorganization of contralateral temporal lobe and corticothalamic tracts may be particularly important for seizure control in MTLE.