gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A New Modified Technique for Harvest of Calcaneal Bone Grafts in Surgery on the Foot and Ankle (1998)

Reported sites for retrieval of cancellous bone for grafts include the iliac crest, greater trochanter, proximal tibia, and distal tibia. A new lateral technique for retrieval of cancellous bone from the calcaneus is evaluated through anatomic review, quantitative analysis, and retrospective clinical assessment. Of 22 patients managed with this technique over a 2-year period, 17 returned for an evaluation by questionnaire, physical examination, and radiographic follow-up at an average of 7 months after surgery (range, 4-16 months). Complaints/complications were minor: three had minor incisional symptoms, five had medial heel pain (3 caused by plantar fasciitis), and one had unchanged preoperative heel pain secondary to clubfoot deformity. Compared with more extensive bone-grafting procedures, this procedure offers the advantages of bone harvested under local anesthesia using a readily accessible ipsilateral extremity and producing minor complications.
Rules, Radical Pragmatics and Restrictions on Regular Polysemy (2011)

Although regular polysemy [e.g. producer for product (John read Dickens) or container for contents (John drank the bottle)] has been extensively studied, there has been little work on why certain polysemy patterns are more acceptable than others. We take an empirical approach to the question, in particular evaluating an account based on rules against a gradient account of polysemy that is based on various radical pragmatic theories (Fauconnier 1985; Nunberg 1995). Under the gradient approach, possible senses become more acceptable as they become more closely related to a word’s default meaning, and the apparent regularity of polysemy is an artefact of having many similarly structured concepts. Using methods for measuring conceptual structure drawn from cognitive psychology, Study 1 demonstrates that a variety of metrics along which possible senses can be related to a default meaning, including conceptual centrality, cue validity and similarity, are surprisingly poor predictors of whether shifts to those senses are acceptable. Instead, sense acceptability was better explained by rule-based approaches to polysemy (e.g. Copestake & Briscoe 1995). Study 2 replicated this finding using novel word meanings in which the relatedness of possible senses was varied. However, while individual word senses were better predicted by polysemy rules than conceptual metrics, our data suggested that rules (like producer for product) had themselves arisen to mark senses that, aggregated over many similar words, were particularly closely related.
Hollow-core and photonic bandgap optical fibres (2009)

This paper will present a review of hollow-core and bandgap optical fibres. These have many applications and were demonstrated in a variety of materials. They guide light using photonic bandgaps as well as the inhibited coupling mechanism.
Mise au point d'un algorithme d'aide à la génération automatique de modèles d'écoulement à compartiments à partir de traçages expérimentaux dans des réacteurs industriels (2002)

Texte intégral accessible uniquement aux membres de l'Université de Lorraine
Parvovirus Infection Suppresses Long-Term Repopulating Hematopoietic Stem Cells (2003)

The functional disturbance of self-renewing and multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in viral diseases is poorly understood. In this report, we have assessed the susceptibility of mouse HSCs to strain i of the autonomous parvovirus minute virus of mice (MVMi) in vitro and during persistent infection of an immunodeficient host. Purified 5FU(r) Lin(-) Sca-1(+) primitive hematopoietic precursors were permissive for MVMi genome replication and the expression of viral gene products. The lymphoid and myeloid repopulating capacity of bone marrow (BM) cells was significantly impaired after in vitro infection, although the degree of functional effect proportionally decreased with the posttransplantation time. This indicated that MVMi targets the heterogeneous compartment of repopulating cells with differential affinity and suggests that the virus may persist in some primitive HSCs in the quiescent stage, killing those eventually recruited for proliferative activity. Immunodeficient SCID mice oronasally infected with MVMi were cured of the characteristic virus-induced lethal leukopenia by transplantation of immunocompetent BM grafts. However, two double-stranded viral DNA species, probably uncommon replicative intermediates, remained in the marrow of every transplanted mouse months after infectious virus clearance. Genetic analysis of the rescued mice showed that the infection ensured a stable engraftment of donor hematopoiesis by markedly depleting the pool of endogenous HSCs. The MVMi-induced suppression of HSC functions illustrates the accessibility of this compartment to infection during a natural viral hematological disease. These results may provide clues to understanding delayed hematopoietic syndromes associated with persistent viral infections and to prospective gene delivery to HSCs in vivo.
RAT INTERLEUKIN-2 IMMUNOGLOBULIN M FUSION PROTEINS ARE CYTOTOXIC IN VITRO FOR CELLS EXPRESSING THE IL-2 RECEPTOR AND CAN ABOLISH CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY IN VIVO (1994)

A hybrid cDNA coding for a fusion protein between rat interleukin 2 (IL-2) and a truncated heavy chain from rat immunoglobulin M (IgM) was constructed. The rat IL-2 and rat IgM CH2-3-4 hybrid gene was subcloned into a vector (PKCR6) for expression of the fusion molecule in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Cells transfected with the hybrid cDNA secrete multimeric forms of the fusion protein (IL-2-Mu). Size analysis of the construct revealed that the majority (95%) of the secreted proteins have a high mw (>500 kDa). The IL-2-Mu construct bind specifically to cells bearing the IL-2 receptors (IL-2R) with a binding affinity around 5 nM. The specific binding to IL-2R leads to T cell proliferation or, if rabbit complement is added, to T cell lysis. Multimeric forms (>500 kDa) of the fusion protein mediate complement-dependent lysis but trigger only weak proliferation when compared with the low-mw forms (<500 kDa). In contrast, the latter only efficiently mediate T cell proliferation without inducing complement-dependent lysis. After intravenous administration of CHO supernatant containing IL-2-Mu, or purified IL-2-Mu proteins into rats, the fusion proteins disappeared from the circulation with a t½ of 1 hr. The circulating IL-2-Mu constructs in the rat serum retained their capacity to induce complement-dependent lysis of IL-2R-bearing T cells in vitro. Furthermore, the IL-2-Mu construct was able to suppress the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction (an IL-2R, T helper cell-dependent event) in mice. A weak immune response (antirat IL-2-Mu antibodies) was observed when rats received multiple daily injections of the construct.
Efficiency enhancement in Si solar cells by textured photonic crystal back reflector (2006)

An efficient light-trapping scheme is developed for solar cells that can enhance the optical path length by several orders of magnitude using a textured photonic crystal as a backside reflector. It comprises a reflection grating etched on the backside of the substrate and a one-dimensional photonic crystal deposited on the grating. Top-contacted crystalline Si solar cells integrated with the textured photonic crystal back reflector were designed and fabricated. External quantum efficiency was significantly improved between the wavelengths of 1000 and 1200nm (enhancement up to 135 times), and the overall power conversion efficiency was considerably increased.
Brillouin Scattering Study on the Elastic Properties of Epoxy Adhesive Layer (1999)

Wave properties (wave velocity and attenuation) in epoxy adhesive layers during cure were investigated. Longitudinal and shear wave properties in the GHz region were measured by the Brillouin scattering technique using 90°A-scattering geometry. The longitudinal and shear wave properties showed similar changes during cure. Compared with the ultrasonic wave properties in the MHz region, a clear frequency dispersion could be seen during cure, in the glass transition region. It is supposed that this dispersion results from a strong α relaxation. Longitudinal modulus and shear modulus were also obtained from the longitudinal and shear wave velocities. The longitudinal modulus was always proportional to the shear modulus during the entire curing process.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperprolactinemia: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline (2011)

Practice guidelines are presented for diagnosis and treatment of patients with elevated prolactin levels. These include evidence-based approaches to assessing the cause of hyperprolactinemia, treating drug-induced hyperprolactinemia, and managing prolactinomas in nonpregnant and pregnant subjects. Indications and side effects of therapeutic agents for treating prolactinomas are also presented.
Mobility Header Home Agent Switch Message (2008)

This document specifies a new Mobility Header message type that can be used between a home agent and mobile node to signal to a mobile node that it should acquire a new home agent.
THE ARTIFICIAL HEART-LUNG AND ITS PRACTICAL APPLICATION TO CARDIAC SURGERY (1955)

Journal Article THE ARTIFICIAL HEART-LUNG AND ITS PRACTICAL APPLICATION TO CARDIAC SURGERY Get access W. P. CLELAND, F.R.C.S. M.R.C.P., W. P. CLELAND, F.R.C.S. M.R.C.P. Lecturer in Thoracie Surgery Postgraduate Medical SchoolLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. G. MELROSE, M.A. B.M. B.Ch. D. G. MELROSE, M.A. B.M. B.Ch. Lecturer in Surgery Postgraduate Medical School of LondonLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar British Medical Bulletin, Volume 11, Issue 3, 1955, Pages 236–239, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a069501 Published: 01 September 1955
Independent roles of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor and endogenous, but not exogenous glucocorticoids in regulating leukocyte trafficking (2009)

These results suggest that endogenous MIF and GC regulate leukocyte-EC interactions in vivo reciprocally but through predominantly independent mechanisms, and that the anti-inflammatory effect of MIF deficiency is comparable to that of exogenous GC.
Dehydrochlorination and dechlorination of chloroethanes on chromia catalyst (1968)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDehydrochlorination and dechlorination of chloroethanes on chromia catalystIsao Mochida and Yukio YonedaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1968, 33, 5, 2163–2165Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01269a119Request reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (387 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Autoantibodies to DNA topoisomerase II in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and connective tissue disease. (1989)

Sera from patients with autoimmune lung and connective tissue diseases were investigated for antibodies to topoisomerase II. Anti-topoisomerase II antibodies were detected by ELISA in 37% of sera from patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA), in one (8%) case of sarcoidosis and in 31% of sera from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Sera from rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, progressive systemic sclerosis, Sjögren's syndrome and undifferentiated connective tissue disease were negative. CFA and sarcoidosis sera strongly reacted in immunoblotting with a 170 kD protein, also recognized by rabbit antiserum to recombinant topoisomerase II, while SLE sera presented a weak reaction. Pre-adsorption with dsDNA dramatically decreased the topoisomerase II binding in ELISA by the most positive SLE serum, but did not affect the binding by the most positive CFA serum, thus indicating that anti-topoisomerase II reactivity of SLE sera is probably due either to cross-reacting antibodies or, in part, to minor DNA contamination of our enzyme preparation. The determination of DNA topoisomerase II relaxation activity, performed after incubation with antibody-positive sera, showed that only CFA sera precipitate enzymatic activity. The finding that CFA presents antibodies to an enzyme essential to cell survival stresses the role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This may offer further insight into the cause of autoimmune disease and prove a valuable tool in the study of enzyme molecular biology.
Pseudomonas eradication in cystic fibrosis: who will join the ELITE? (2010)

Arguably, the most significant event in the life of a person with cystic fibrosis (CF) is the acquisition of chronic pulmonary infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It heralds, in many cases, more hospitalisations,1 a more rapid decline in pulmonary function and a shorter life expectancy.2 P aeruginosa has the ability to form biofilms which are composed of non-motile organisms embedded in an exopolysaccharide matrix and which confer resistance to antibiotics.3 In individuals with CF, biofilms have been observed in lungs examined at autopsy and explanted lungs from transplant recipients.4 The extraordinary persistence of infection with P aeruginosa in the CF lung is thought to derive from biofilm formation. The mucoid phenotype of P aeruginosa is a marker of biofilm formation,4 and this phenotype is in turn associated with a worse prognosis compared with non-mucoid organisms.5 However, in the initial stages of infection when the organism is mainly in planktonic form, there is an opportunity to eradicate the infection before it becomes persistent.

The first randomised controlled trial of an eradication regimen for early P aeruginosa infection was reported by Valerius and Koch in 1991.6 This evaluated a 3-week regimen of nebulised colistin and oral ciprofloxacin …
Measure, Criteria and Procedure for Track and Search Allocation. (1973)

Abstract : A general procedure for radar resource allocation is presented. It requires the computation of the covariance matrix of the position estimates. Therefore, four estimation algorithms commonly used for track are evaluated and compared. A tracking measure applicable to the non-tactical EAR system is defined. Finally, a schema for track and search allocation is presented. An example illustrates how the tracking measure is computed and use in the track and search algorithm. (Author)
Alternative Theoretical Frameworks for Finite Horizon Discrete-Time Stochastic Optimal Control (1978)

Stochastic optimal control problems are usually analyzed under one of three types of assumptions: a) Countability assumptions on the underlying probability space—this eliminates all difficulties of measure theoretic nature; b) Semicontinuity assumptions under which the existence of optimal Borel measurable policies can be guaranteed; and c) Borel measurability assumptions under which the existence of p-optimal or p-$\varepsilon $-optimal Borel measurable policies can be guaranteed (Blackwell [3], Strauch [31]). In this paper we introduce a general theoretical framework based on outer integration which contains these three models as special cases. Within this framework all known results for finite horizon problems together with some new ones are proved and subsequently specialized. An important new feature of our specialization to the Borel measurable model is the introduction of universally measurable policies. We show that everywhere optimal or nearly optimal policies exist within this class and this enables us to dispense with the notion of p-optimality.
Scanning force microscopy investigation of the Pb(Zr0.25Ti0.75)O3/Pt interface (2002)

We report on a novel approach for the investigation of the Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3/Pt interface applying scanning force microscopy techniques. Ferroelectric samples (PZT film /Pt/SiO2/Si) were polished at a shallow angle (∼6.1°) thereby enlarging the film cross section from a 430 nm film thickness to a width of more than 4 μm. Piezoresponse force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy were applied in order to deduce the dielectric polarization P and local potential distribution over the full cross section. We clearly observe a transition layer with a thickness of ∼240 nm which manifests itself both in a gradual decrease of the piezoresponse signal as a function of film thickness and in a corresponding variation of the surface potential. Furthermore, after polarization reversal due to a dc voltage applied to the tip, a different retention behavior was observed within the transition layer. The results are tentatively attributed to negatively charged defects accumulated at the PZT/Pt interface.
Incremental Timing Optimization for Automatic Layout Generation (2005)

This paper presents a method to improve the timing performance of combinational circuits tailored to an automatic layout generation strategy. Using a transistor sizing method, delay improvements are achieved by changing the size of gates that belong to the longest sensitizable paths. An incremental technique is used to accelerate the false path-aware timing analysis and to perform the selection of gates for sizing. The proposed transistor sizing algorithm performs discrete sizing according to the performance constraints and therefore can be applied to row-based layouts by using the folding technique. The obtained results show that the proposed method is able to optimize automatically generated circuits with smaller area penalties than currently most used sizing methods, which are based on topological timing analysis.
Low Insertion Loss Waveguides in Lithium Niobate using Multi-Scan Femtosecond Inscription (2007)

We have fabricated waveguides in z-cut lithium niobate using multi-scan femtosecond inscription of the bulk material. Insertion losses as low as 3.5 dB have been measured coupling to single mode fibre at 1550 nm.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Dielectric Properties of Phthalocyanines with Ester and Carboxylic Acid Functionalities (2008)

Monomeric phthalocyanine pentylester derivatives containing Cu and Zn were synthesized via the cyclotetramerization of 4,5-dipentylphthalonitrile. Conversion of the pentylester derivatives by hydrolysis yielded the octacarboxylic acid phthalocyanine derivatives in high purity, without any contamination by oligomers. The dielectric properties of pressed pellets were investigated as a function of frequency. When exposing the phthalocyanine powders to water vapor, a high increase in the dielectric constant was found for the carboxylic acid derivatives, whereas the esters showed no effect. For Cu containing octacarboxylic acid phthalocyanine derivatives, the low-frequency dielectric constant of the pellets was raised from 12 to >1 × 105 when going from a water content of 6.4 to 14.7 wt %, respectively. The concomitant sharp rise in conductivity was attributed to the protons released from the acid groups after water uptake. The present work clearly demonstrates that water uptake and not oxygen is the major factor for achieving surprisingly high dielectric constants in carboxylic acid phthalocyanine derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Unequivocal Determination of Isomeric Products of Reaction Between 3‐Methyl‐1‐phenyl‐2‐pyrazoline‐4,5‐dione and Aromatic 1,2‐Diamines (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Determination of the Na/Cu(001) Potential Energy Surface from Helium Scattering Studies of the Surface Dynamics (1997)

The quasielastic peak broadening and the frustrated translational vibrations of a low coverage $({\ensuremath{\Theta}}_{\mathrm{Na}}<5%)$ of Na atoms on a Cu(001) surface have been probed with high resolution helium atom scattering. The observed behavior at temperatures between ${T}_{s}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}150$ and 390 K and for a wide range of parallel wave vectors along the surface symmetry directions is analyzed with a theoretical model based upon Langevin dynamics. Comparison between theory and experiment allows a complete determination of the lateral adsorption potential as well as the frictional coupling of the Na atoms to the substrate.
Quality of life in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH: change over time in real-life practice according to treatment—the QUALIPROST study (2016)

Improvements in QoL and symptoms were equivalent across the medical treatments most widely used in real-life practice to manage patients with moderate or severe LUTS. HESr showed an equivalent efficacy to AB and 5ARI with fewer side effects.
Recovery of contractility and pHi during respiratory acidosis in ferret hearts: role of Na(+)-H+ exchange (1990)

During acute respiratory acidosis, cardiac contractile pressure first drops but then recovers substantially. We investigated the mechanism of this response in isovolumic perfused ferret hearts. Developed pressure (DP) and its first derivative (dP/dt) were measured before, during, and after hypercapnia induced by equilibrating the perfusate with 15% CO2, rather than the 5% CO2 used in control. Intramyocardial pH (pHi) was measured by phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. After the onset of hypercapnia (1-2 min), DP and +dP/dt reached minimal mean values of 37 +/- 2 and 39 +/- 3% of control, respectively. This early decline in myocardial contactility was followed by a partial recovery such that DP and +dP/dt had returned to 66 +/- 6 and 62 +/- 4% of control, respectively, by 14 min of hypercapnia. pHi fell from 7.17 +/- 0.01 in control to 6.88 +/- 0.11 after approximately 2 min of hypercapnia. Thereafter, pHi recovered linearly with a mean slope of 0.011 +/- 0.003 pH U/min. Ethylisopropylamiloride (10(-6) M), a blocker of Na(+)-H+ exchange, prevented the recovery of pHi during hypercapnia and attenuated the recovery of contractility by 40%. We conclude that the recovery of contractility during respiratory acidosis at least partially reflects an underlying recovery of pHi mediated by Na(+)-H+ exchange.