gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Frontotemporal dementia: latest evidence and clinical implications (2017)

FTD is an underdiagnosed group of neurological syndromes comprising multiple variants with distinct neurobiological profiles and presentations. Recent advances suggest there is an array of potential novel therapeutic targets, although data concerning their effectiveness are still preliminary or preclinical. Further studies are required to develop pharmacological interventions, as there are currently no US Food and Drug administration approved treatments to manage FTD syndromes.
Upgrading of Athabasca Vacuum Tower Bottoms (VTB) in Supercritical Hydrocarbon Solvents with Activated Carbon-Supported Metallic Catalysts (2007)

The hydrotreatment of Athabasca vacuum tower bottoms (VTB) has been examined in supercritical fluids of lower boiling-point hydrocarbon solvents (pentane, heptane, and toluene) and 10 MPa H2 with and without activated carbon-supported Ni−Mo catalysts (in a reduced or sulfided form). For conversion of asphaltenes (AS) to maltenes (MA), the reduced metal catalysts were more active than the sulfided ones and the acid-washed activated charcoal without any metal loading was found to be the most effective catalyst for converting AS to MA. Sulfided metal catalysts, supported on either γ-Al2O3 or activated carbon (AC), showed much higher activity for both the sulfur and nitrogen conversions than those without sulfidation. Because of its best activities for HDS/HDN, the sulfided 3% Ni−10% Mo/AC (S Ni−Mo/AC) was selected as the catalyst for further detailed studies. With respect to both AS conversion and S/N removal efficiencies for hydrotreatment of the VTB, the following priority sequence for the three supercritical solvents was obtained: toluene > heptane > pentane, following the same decreasing trend of their molecular weights, and hence, supercritical toluene was selected as the reaction medium for more detailed studies discussed in this work. The optimal temperature for hydroconversion of the VTB in supercritical toluene appears to be at around 380 °C, where the greatest yields of MA and the lowest yields of AS and TI were obtained, irrespective as to whether the catalyst was present or not. The catalyst was also most effective for sulfur conversion at 380 °C, attaining a HDS activity of about 70% compared to only about 35% in the treatment without the catalyst at the same temperature. The optimal reaction time for hydroconversion of VTB in supercritical toluene appears to be shorter than 30–60 min, where a greater yield of MA and lower yields of AS and TI as well as less aromatic liquid products might be expected, irrespective as to whether the catalyst was present or not. The optimal time for HDS of VTB in supercritical toluene with the catalyst appears to be at 60 min. On the other hand, the effects of temperature, reaction time, and the catalyst on nitrogen conversion were less significant, compared to those on sulfur conversion, while the catalyst did show some HDN activities in the hydrotreatment of the VTB.
La ciudad del signo escrito (2000)

Despues de haber dejado a los trovadores en el espacio rural, desde los pasquines economicos repartidos en puertos europeos hasta los medios de comunicacion masiva, la ciudad es prensa. Marca de comunicacion urgente, la prensa se entroniza con el grafo como signo; no la cancion, no lo oral sino lo escrito define la comunicacion urbana.
Mechanical Responses of Copper Bicrystalline Micro Pillars with &Sigma;3 Coherent Twin Boundaries by Uniaxial Compression Tests (2013)

Two types of bicrystalline micro pillars (BCMs) involving 3 coherent twin boundaries along the pillar axis and single-crystalline micro pillars of two grains constituting the BCMs were fabricated in an oxygen-free copper sample by focused ion beam milling. These pillars were compressed using a nanoindenter to investigate slip transfer across grain boundary (GB). Referring their stressstrain (SS) curves, the possible slip systems were resolved from scanning electron microscope images after deformation and GB interaction criteria with the three largest Schmid factors (SFs) of each grain and the geometric relationship of intersections between the slip planes and the GB. The quite different SS behaviors were observed in the two types of BCMs, of which one was the unstable elastic-almost perfect plastic deformation due to large strain bursts and the other was work-hardening accompanying several small strain bursts. The slip transfer analyses suggest that the slip directions of both grains with the maximum SF are almost parallel to GB plane to the former behavior, and the combination of three slip systems from both grains produces the terraced hardening with repeated slipping across GB and piling-up against GB to the latter.
Study on the Mechanism of Silicon Etching in HNO<sub>3</sub>-Rich HF/HNO<sub>3</sub> Mixtures (2007)

The wet chemical etching of silicon using HNO3-rich HF/HNO3 mixtures has been studied. The effect of different parameters on the etch rate of silicon, for example, the HF/HNO3 mixing ratio, the silicon content of the etchant, temperature, and stirring speed in these solutions, has been examined and discussed in light of a previous study on etching in HF-rich HF/HNO3 mixtures. Nitrogen(III) intermediates are generated owing to the dissolution of silicon and the decomposition if the solution is exposed to air. The nitrite ion concentration, measured in diluted etchant solution by ion chromatography, acts as a sum parameter for the reactive N(III) species in the concentrated etchant. The etch rate shows two different correlations to the nitrite concentration. In the region of high nitrite concentrations, the etch rate decreases slightly with decreasing nitrite concentration, whereas at lower nitrite concentrations, the etch rate increases linearly with further decreasing nitrite concentration. Stirring experiments and the determination of activation energies show that the etching of silicon in HNO3-rich etchants is controlled by diffusion. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements of the silicon surface after etching revealed a hydrogen termination independent of the concentration of reactive species and the content of HNO3 in the etchant. Si−O containing surface species were not found. A combined electrochemical (injection of holes into the valence band of silicon) and chemical (Si−Si back-bond breaking by an attack of HF) reaction mechanism of silicon etching without generation of SiO2 is proposed.
Laughter: the best medicine. (1991)

Introducing the joy of play and laughter into high-stress, high-demand work environments can increase creativity, productivity and motivation, as well as improve communication and boost morale, say several experts on humor in the workplace.
Motional correlation times of nitroxide spin labels and spin probes in an amine-cured epoxy resin: solvent dependence (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMotional correlation times of nitroxide spin labels and spin probes in an amine-cured epoxy resin: solvent dependenceI. M. Brown and T. C. SandreczkiCite this: Macromolecules 1985, 18, 12, 2702–2709Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00154a056https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00154a056research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views106Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Simplified analytic stability test for systems with commensurate time delays (1984)

A Routh-Hurwitz type test for asymptotic stability independent of delay for systems with commensurate time delays, and such a test for determining the intervals of the values of common delay for which such a system is asymptotically stable (if it is not stable independent of delay), are significantly simplified. Illustrative examples are provided.
Functional aspects of primary cilia in signaling, cell cycle and tumorigenesis (2013)

Dysfunctional cilia underlie a broad range of cellular and tissue phenotypes and can eventually result in the development of ciliopathies: pathologically diverse diseases that range from clinically mild to highly complex and severe multi-organ failure syndromes incompatible with neonatal life. Given that virtually all cells of the human body have the capacity to generate cilia, it is likely that clinical manifestations attributed to ciliary dysfunction will increase in the years to come. Disputed but nevertheless enigmatic is the notion that at least a subset of tumor phenotypes fit within the ciliopathy disease spectrum and that cilia loss may be required for tumor progression. Contending for the centrosome renders ciliation and cell division mutually exclusive; a regulated tipping of balance promotes either process. The mechanisms involved, however, are complex. If the hypothesis that tumorigenesis results from dysfunctional cilia is true, then why do the classic ciliopathies only show limited hyperplasia at best? Although disassembly of the cilium is a prerequisite for cell proliferation, it does not intrinsically drive tumorigenesis per se. Alternatively, we will explore the emerging evidence suggesting that some tumors depend on ciliary signaling. After reviewing the structure, genesis and signaling of cilia, the various ciliopathy syndromes and their genetics, we discuss the current debate of tumorigenesis as a ciliopathy spectrum defect, and describe recent advances in this fascinating field.
Intuitive visual teleoperation for UGVs using free-look augmented reality displays (2015)

For numerous real-world applications teleoperated unmanned guided vehicles (UGVs) can quite successfully assist a human in fulfilling her mission objectives. It is important for the specialists to get an overview of the site quickly and with as intuitive means as possible. Our approach to an intuitive human-machine interface for visually teleoperating UGVs makes use of a spherical camera in combination with the Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Display (HMD) Oculus Rift. The Oculus Rift is equipped with an inertial measurement unit to track the teleoperator's head orientation. With this orientation information, the current field of view is synthesized from the panoramic image coming from the spherical camera allowing a free look for the operator. In this paper, we present the hardware setup and the software system of our free-look HMD approach on our UGV. Our approach allows for multi-view, i.e, several operators can collaborate on a given task. What is more, we augment the spherical image with heading and orientation information of the robot as well as of other viewers. Our preliminary evaluation with a number of untrained user suggests that our free-look HMD offers an intuitive multi-view human-machine interface for teleoperating UGVs.
Co-modified pigments in magnetic recording (1987)

This paper surveys the physical properties and storage performance of the class of 650 Oe pigments, which are presently mainly being used for home video, high-quality audio and will in the future be intended for high-density digital storage applications. The temperature dependence of coercivity, the change of coercivity by annealing of a sample in a magnetic field and various aspects of the switching field distribution are shown up in detail. The different data are discussed within a newly developed comprehensive model of Co-modified particles. The model correlates morphological and chemical data with physical properties and storage performance, especially print-through data and erasability effects.
Chromosomal Cephalosporinases Responsible For Multiple Resistance To Newer Beta-Lactam Antibiotics (1987)

Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly pathogenic HCoVs: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and ...Read More
Modeling Input Validation in UML (2008)

Security is an integral part of most software systems but it is not considered as an explicit part in the development process yet. Input validation is the most critical part of software security that is not covered in the design phase of software development life-cycle resulting in many security vulnerabilities. Our objective is to extend UML to new integrated framework for model driven security engineering leading to ideal way to design more secure software. Input validation in UML has not been addressed previously, hence we incorporate input validation into UML diagrams such as use case, class, sequence and activity. This approach has some advantages such as preventing from common input tampering attacks, having both security and convenience in software at high level of abstraction and ability of solving the problem of weak security background for developers.
Application of a CMOS current mode approach to on-chip current sensing in smart power circuits (1995)

A novel accurate CMOS current sensing circuit for the protection of smart power MOS switches, using the current mode approach is proposed. It has the advantage of not requiring any passive components and it is based on a CMOS current mode building block presenting a wide frequency bandwidth as well as temperature insensitivity. Two current sensing cells are necessary to detect open load, short-circuit and overcurrent situations. Detection is achieved by monitoring a small portion of the power switch current provided by a single-cell transistor (SENSEFET). The performance of these functions is analysed by electrical PSPICE simulations and experimental results obtained from a silicon test chip.
Anisotropic Elasticity (1996)

Anisotropic Elasticity offers for the first time a comprehensive survey of the analysis of anisotropic materials that can have up to twenty-one elastic constants. Focusing on the mathematically elegant and technically powerful Stroh formalism as a means to understanding the subject, the author tackles a broad range of key topics, including antiplane deformations, Green's functions, stress singularities in composite materials, elliptic inclusions, cracks, thermo-elasticity, and piezoelectric materials, among many others. Well written, theoretically rigorous, and practically oriented, the book will be welcomed by students and researchers alike.
Nanofibers of 1,3‐Diphenyl‐2‐pyrazoline Induced by Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide Micelles (2003)

A self-inducing template-growth approach to the production of nanofibers of 1,3-diphenyl-2-pyrazoline (DP) in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in an aqueous phase is discussed (see picture). Not only the surfactant CTAB molecules assume the role of surface-active colloidal stabilizers; but also the rodlike CTAB micelles, which are induced by DP molecules dissolved in spherical CTAB micelles, further direct the growth of cylindrical DP nanofibers like templates. It is found that the crystal-packing forces drive the DP molecules to self-assemble as J-type aggregates in nanofibers. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2003/z50961_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Ordered Mesoporous Silicon Oxynitrides (2001)

The functionalization of mesostructured and/or mesoporous MCM-41 related silicas is easily achieved by treatment under NH3 atmosphere at relatively low temperatures without structural collapse. Nitridation, which occurs through a single-step solid-state reaction, yields for the first time ordered mesoporous silicon oxynitrides with high surface area (see Figure).
A BRADYKININ‐POTENTIATING FACTOR (BPF) PRESENT IN THE VENOM OF <i>BOTHROPS JARARACA</i> (1965)

Corrado & Rocha e Silva, 1962) it was shown that some metal-binding agents, like dimer- caprol (BAL) and thioglycollic acid, were able to potentiate in vitro and in vivo some of the pharmacological actions of synthetic bradykinin. While determining whether dimercaprol could potentiate in situ the slowly reacting substances released by the venom of Bothrops jararaca when acting on the guinea-pig isolated ileum, it was found that the venom itself had a strong potentiating action upon the concentrations elicited by bradykinin. The present report deals with the chemical nature and biological actions of this bradykinin-potentiating factor (BPF).
Ultrasonic Excitation and Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing Based on Wavelet Analysis (2014)

Plate metallic structures are widely used in various engineering equipments, in which the structure damage will be potential cause of failure, or even destroy the whole equipment. To ensure structural and operational safety, it is important to research structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques. This paper puts forward a kind of detection method based on the ultrasonic extraction and Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG) sensing, taking the aluminum plate as the research object, and discusses a denoising method based on wavelet transform. In the signal processing of the wavelet analysis, the appropriate wavelet function is selected in the MATLAB environment under different conditions, and the damage location is analyzed according to the denoised signals on the aluminum plate. On these bases, the detection system was used to research the damage location of a hole in the aluminum alloy plate. Test results show that the combination of wavelet analysis makes the damage information more easily identified and facilitates subsequent analysis of damage detection.
Formation of glutathione conjugates of prostaglandin A1 in human red blood cells. (1976)

When prostaglandin A1 was incubated with a Tris/saline suspension of washed human red blood cells, a substantial amount was converted to polar metabolites. These were purified by solvent extraction, XAD-2 column, and cellulose thin layer chromatography and characterized by chromatography, amino acid analysis, and mass spectrometry. The polar metabolites were a mixture of two glutathione conjugates of prostaglandin A1. The first (approximately 40%) was identical with the product of the nonenzymic reaction of glutathione with prostaglandin A1. The second (approximately 60%) was formed from the first by reduction of the 9-keto group of the prostaglandin moiety. The latter compound was also prepared synthetically by treating the glutathione conjugate of prostaglandin A1 with sodium borohydride.
The optimization of the tracking mechanism used for a group of PV panels (2009)

The paper presents researches on increasing the energetic & economic efficiency of the photovoltaic conversion by designing and optimizing a dual-axis tracking mechanism that simultaneously changes the position of the panels using two motor sources; the driving source for the daily motion is a rotary motor, while the seasonal motion is performed with a linear actuator. The main task in optimizing the tracking mechanism is to maximize the energetic gain by increasing the solar input and minimizing the energy consumption for tracking. The design strategy aims to identify the optimum angular field for the daily motion, as well as the optimum actuating time in the step-by-step motion. The study is made by developing the virtual prototype of the tracking mechanism, in the mechatronic concept.
Rapid and effective correction of RF inhomogeneity for high field magnetic resonance imaging (2000)

The well-known variability in the distribution of high frequency electromagnetic fields in the human body causes problems in the analysis of structural information in high field magnetic resonance images. We describe a method of compensating for the purely intensity-based effects. In our simple and rapid correction algorithm, we first use statistical means to determine the background image noise level and the edges of the image features. We next populate all "noise" pixels with the mean signal intensity of the image features. These data are then smoothed by convolution with a gaussian filter using Fourier methods. Finally, the original data that are above the noise level are normalized to the smoothed images, thereby eliminating the lowest spatial frequencies in the final, corrected data. Processing of a 124 slice, 256 x 256 volume dataset requires under 70 sec on a laptop personal computer. Overall, the method is less prone to artifacts from edges or from sensitivity to absolute head position than are other correction techniques. Following intensity correction, the images demonstrated obvious qualitative improvement and, when subjected to automated segmentation tools, the accuracy of segmentation improved, in one example, from 35.3% to 84.7% correct, as compared to a manually-constructed gold standard.
A cohort study to examine maternally‐associated risk factors for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (1997)

This long-term cohort study, initiated in July 1989, was designed to examine maternally-associated risk factors for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), forming part of the epidemiological research programme to assess the risks of non-feedborne transmission of BSE. In this study, the incidence of BSE in offspring of cows which developed clinical signs of BSE is compared with that in offspring, born in the same calving season and herd, of cows which had reached at least six years of age and had not developed BSE. All offspring were allowed to live to seven years of age. The results indicate a statistically significant risk difference between the two cohorts of 9.7 per cent and a relative risk of 3.2 for offspring of cows which developed clinical BSE. However, there is some evidence that this enhanced risk for offspring of BSE cases declined the later the offspring was born, but was increased the later the offspring was born in relation to the stage of the incubation period of the dam. The results presented cannot distinguish between a genetic component and true maternal transmission or a combination of both risks, but they do not indicate either that the BSE epidemic will be unduly prolonged or that the future incidence of BSE in Great Britain will increase significantly.
Microsecond Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon Films on Glass Substrates by Joule Heating (2016)

Joule-heating-induced crystallization (JIC) of amorphous silicon (a-Si) films was conducted by applying an electric pulse to a conductive layer located beneath or above the films. Crystallization occurs across the whole substrate surface within few tens of microseconds. The phase-transformation phenomena during the JIC process were detected electrically and optically by the in-situ measurements of input voltage/current and normal reflectance at wavelength of 532 nm. We devised a method for the crystallization of a-Si films while preventing arc generation; this method consisted of pre-patterning an a-Si active layer into islands and then depositing a gate oxide and gate electrode. Electric pulsing was then applied to the gate electrode formed using a Mo layer. JIC-processed poly-Si thin-film transistors were fabricated successfully, and the proposed method was found to be compatible with the standard processing of coplanar top-gate poly-Si TFTs.