gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Modal Mixed-State Dynamic Bayesian Network for Robust Meeting Event Recognition from Disturbed Data (2005)

In this work we present a novel multi-modal mixed-state dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) for robust meeting event classification. The model uses information from lapel microphones, a microphone array and visual information to structure meetings into segments. Within the DBN a multi-stream hidden Markov model (HMM) is coupled with a linear dynamical system (LDS) to compensate disturbances in the data. Thereby the HMM is used as driving input for the LDS. The model can handle noise and occlusions in all channels. Experimental results on real meeting data show that the new model is highly preferable to all single-stream approaches. Compared to a baseline multi-modal early fusion HMM, the new DBN is more than 2.5%, respectively 1.5% better for clear and disturbed data, this corresponds to a relative error reduction of 17%, respectively 9%
The Enhancing Connections Program: A six-state randomized clinical trial of a cancer parenting program. (2014)

The Enhancing Connections Program benefitted mothers and children in specific areas and warrants refinement and further testing.
The influence of chemical activation on hardness of dual-curing resin cements (2004)

During the cementation of metallic restorations, the polymerization of dual-curing resin cements depends exclusively on chemical activation. This study evaluated the influence of chemical activation compared with dual-curing (chemical and light activation), on the hardness of four dual-curing resin cements. In a darkened environment, equal weight proportions of base and catalyst pastes of the cements Scotchbond Resin Cement, Variolink II, Enforce and Panavia F were mixed and inserted into moulds with cavities of 4 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height. Subsequently, the cements were: 1) not exposed to light (chemical activation = self-cured groups) or 2) photoactivated (dual-curing = dual-cured groups). The Vickers hardness number was measured at 1 hour, 24 hours and 7 days after the start time of cements' spatulation. For all the cements, the hardness values of self-cured groups were lower than those of the respective dual-cured groups at 1 hour and 24 hours. At 7 days, this behavior continued for Variolink II and Panavia F, whilst for Scotchbond Resin Cement and Enforce there was no statistical difference between the two activation modes. All cements showed a significant increase in their hardness values from 1 hour to 7 days for both activation modes. Of the self-cured groups, Scotchbond Resin Cement and Variolink II presented the highest and the lowest hardness values, respectively, for all three times tested. Within the limitations of this study, up to the time of 24 h, chemical activation alone was unable to promote similar hardness as to that obtained with dual-curing.
Instrumentation measurement and analysis (1985)

Instrumentation, Measurement and Analysis , Instrumentation, Measurement and Analysis , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
A page-classification approach to web usage semantic analysis (2007)

With the emergence of the World Wide Web, analyzing and improving Web communication has become essential to adapt the Web content to the visitors ’ expectations. Web communication analysis is traditionally performed by Web analytics software, which produce long lists of page-based audience metrics. These results suffer from page synonymy, page polysemy, page temporality, and page volatility. In addition, the metrics contain little semantics and are too detailed to be exploited by organization managers and chief editors, who need summarized and conceptual information to take high-level decisions. To obtain such metrics, we propose to classify the Web site pages into categories representing the Web site topics and to aggregate the page hits accordingly. In this paper, we show how to compute and visualize these metrics using OLAP tools. To solve the page-temporality issue, we propose to classify the versions of the pages using support vector machines. To validate our approach, we perform experiments on real data with SQL Server OLAP Analysis Service, the R statistical tool, and our prototype WASA-PC. Finally, we compare our results against directory-based metrics and concept-based metrics.
The Enigma of the Clayton Act (1957)

Why Clayton Act, seemingly intended to exempt union activities from Sherman Antitrust Act and to limit use of injunctions in labor disputes, failed to accomplish these aims has been a source of continuing controversy. The debate has revolved mainly around the proper interpretation of labor provisions of act. According to this article, however, there is no one correct interpretation. Rather, Woodrow Wilson--seeking a compromise, for political purposes, between demands of labor and of business--was responsible, together with members of Congress, for passage of legislation in such form that two opposite interpretations could be, and were, taken of it by labor and business, and even by Congressmen who voted for it. (Author's abstract courtesy EBSCO.)
Penalized maximum likelihood estimation of lifetime and amplitude images from multi-exponentially decaying fluorescence signals (2013)

We investigated the penalized maximum likelihood estimation of lifetime and amplitude images for fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. The proposed method penalizes large variations in the lifetimes and amplitudes in the spatial domain to reduces noise in the images, which is a serious problem in the conventional maximum likelihood estimation method. For an effective optimization of the objective function, we applied an optimization transfer method that is based on a separable surrogate function. Simulations show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional MLE method in terms of the estimation accuracy, and the proposed method yielded less noisy images in real experiments.
Beyond the Cells: Scaffold Matrix Character Affects the In Vivo Performance of Purified Adipocyte Fat Grafts (2008)

Differences in matrix composition in this study were associated with profound changes in graft longevity and volume maintenance. These results suggest that cell-extracellular matrix interactions play an important role in graft survival. Future research into the nature of these interactions may provide an avenue for optimizing fat graft outcomes.
A Novel Approach to Qualifying Bismuth as a Barrier Material (2019)

The barrier material conventionally used for permanent P&A is cement. Since two barriers are a requirement to properly isolate potentially flowing formations, the reliability of the barriers could be enhanced by introducing a second barrier material. Application of two distinct barrier materials with differing sealing and failure mechanisms will promote a higher level of independence between the barriers.\nQualification of bismuth as a barrier material provides operators with an alternative to cement. Bismuth is a metal with such unique characteristics making it tailor-made for P&A applications. For instance, the required plug length is significantly reduced compared to the current length requirements for cement plugs. Thereby, costs are reduced. This thesis defines why bismuth is such a suitable barrier material for permanent P&A, in addition to addressing risk related issues.\nAker BP has together with BiSN initiated a verification process to verify bismuth as a barrier material inside cased hole. BiSN is utilizing thermite technology to melt a bismuth based alloy downhole, creating a fully impermeable metal-to-metal sealing plug after solidification.\nThe verification process presented in this thesis targets a bismuth plug sealing inside a 20” casing, without having to retrieve the 13 3/8” casing. Full scale testing was performed with various learnings to optimize the final design parameters, before conducting a field installation. The field installation, thoroughly described step by step in this thesis, was performed to verify the bismuth plug in an offshore well. This is the worlds first bismuth P&A barrier plug ever installed, and by far the largest considering its geometry.\nBased on the results presented in this thesis, a proposed EAC-table for a bismuth plug has been produced to describe the function, necessary requirements and verification for future bismuth plugs.
Degenerative joint disease in the mouse knee; histological observations (1977)

The knee joints from males of two strains (CBA/ORT and STR/ORT) were studied histologically. The incidence of degenerative joint disease was very high in the STR/ORT strain. Degeneration of the cartilage invariably occurred first at the interface of the cruciate ligament and articular cartilage of the tibia. Lesions were only seen on the medial tibial and later the medial femoral condyles. Blocks of fibrillated, uncalcified cartilage were gradually lost across the condyle, leaving the tidemark as a secondary articulating surface. Meanwhile the subchondral bone thickened and erosion continued through the calcified cartilage into the underlying bone. A statistically significant relationship was found between the development of the lesion and (a) medial dislocation of the patella, (b) calcification and ossification of the medial collateral ligament. Patella dislocation gave rise to extensive cartilaginous and bony metaplasia of the synovial tissue. In joints with advanced degeneration there was often evidence of a slight lateral subluxation of the femur relative to the tibia.
Free radicals and apoptosis: relationships with glutathione, thioredoxin and the BCL family of proteins (2005)

Cellular fate is controlled by a number of factors within the cell, including an abundance of, and defenses against, free radicals generated both endogenously and exogenously. Free radical species are involved in regulating various growth, differentiation and death processes including apoptosis. Apoptosis is a preferred form of cell death because it is highly ordered resulting in the death of a cell with minimal effects on surrounding cells or tissues. Radicals generated during apoptosis directly modulate signaling cascades by activating or inhibiting survival transcription factors (i.e. NF-kappa B and AP-1), or more indirectly affecting such signaling by changing the cellular redox status [i.e. glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx)]. At high levels, free radicals, including reactive oxygen species and various unwanted and harmful byproducts of reactions with tissue macromolecules, particularly lipids, can cause acute injury if not hindered by cellular antioxidants. These antioxidant protective systems are not only involved in preventing stress, but also maintaining the normal functioning of specific transcription factors and the bcl proteins. This review will discuss the association of reactive oxygen species with GSH, Trx and bcl proteins in apoptosis.
Analysis of triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and TATP synthetic intermediates by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (2007)

The explosive triacetone triperoxide (TATP) has been analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) on a linear quadrupole instrument, giving a 62.5 ng limit of detection in full scan positive ion mode. In the ESI interface with no applied fragmentor voltage the m/z 245 [TATP + Na](+) ion was observed along with m/z 215 [TATP + Na - C(2)H(6)](+) and 81 [(CH(3))(2)CO + Na](+). When TATP was ionized by ESI with an applied fragmentor voltage of 75 V, ions at m/z 141 [C(4)H(6)O(4) + Na](+) and 172 [C(5)H(9)O(5) + Na](+) were also observed. When the precipitates formed in the synthesis of TATP were analyzed before the reaction was complete, a new series of ions was observed in which the ions were separated by 74 m/z units, with ions occurring at m/z 205, 279, 353, 427, 501, 575, 649 and 723. The series of evenly spaced ions is accounted for as oligomeric acetone carbonyl oxides terminated as hydroperoxides, [HOOC(CH(3))(2){OOC(CH(3))(2)}(n)OOH + Na](+) (n = 1, 2 ... 8). The ESI-MS spectra for this homologous series of oligoperoxides have previously been observed from the ozonolysis of tetramethylethylene at low temperatures. Precipitates from the incomplete reaction mixture, under an applied fragmentor voltage of 100 V in ESI, produced an additional ion observed at m/z 99 [C(2)H(4)O(3) + Na](+), and a set of ions separated by 74 m/z units occurring at m/z 173, 247, 321, 395, 469 and 543, proposed to correspond to [CH(3)CO{OOC(CH(3))(2)}(n)OOH + Na](+) (n = 1,2 ... 5). Support for the assigned structures was obtained through the analysis of both protiated and perdeuterated TATP samples.
Problems (2001)

In this chapter we outline the problems to be studied, namely, the two-dimensional (2-D) compressible Euler system. When special conditions such as irrotationality are assumed, we reduce the Euler system to simplified systems. Asymptotic methods yield asymptotic systems for special and localized solutions such as the 2-D Burgers system or the unsteady transonic small disturbance system (UTSD). We also mention the interesting 2-D complex Burgers sytem, which is a symbolic generalization of the exceptionally successful 1-D Burgers model.
Word sense disambiguation using Conceptual Density (1996)

This paper present a method for the resolution of lexical ambiguity of nouns and its automatic evaluation over the Brown Corpus. The method relies on the use of the wide-coverage noun taxonomy of WordNet and the notion of conceptual distance among concepts, captured by a Conceptual Density formula developed for this purpose. This fully automatic method requires no hand coding of lexical entries, hand tagging of text nor any kind of training process. The results of the experiments have been automatically evaluted against SemCor, the sense-tagged version of the Brown Corpus.
Adaptive Carrier Synchronization Using Decision-Aided Kalman Filtering Algorithms (2007)

A new adaptive carrier recovery algorithm is proposed by using the decision-aided extended Kalman filtering technique. In order to reduce computational complexity of the Kalman recursions, the state model in the new algorithm uses only phase rather than both phase and frequency which are usually used in conventional modeling. The frequency is considered as an input term to the system equation and estimated by a phase error detector. A reduced observation model is also introduced to relieve computing load from multiple matrix to scalar operations in the Kalman recursions. Simulations show that the proposed one-state Kalman algorithm has better performance and lower complexity than the two-state Kalman algorithm for synchronization applications. The new algorithm is applied to the cable modem downstream system to demonstrate its effectiveness with FPGA implementation results.
Accessible On-Line Floor Plans (2015)

Better access to on-line information graphics is a pressing need for people who are blind or have severe vision impairment. We present a new model for accessible presentation of on-line information graphics and demonstrate its use for presenting floor plans. While floor plans are increasingly provided on-line, people who are blind are at best provided with only a high-level textual description. This makes it difficult for them to understand the spatial arrangement of the objects on the floor plan. Our new approach provides users with significantly better access to such plans. The users can automatically generate an accessible version of a floor plan from an on-line floor plan image quickly and independently by using a web service. This generates a simplified graphic showing the rooms, walls, doors and windows in the original floor plan as well as a textual overview. The accessible floor plan is presented on an iPad using audio feedback. As the users touch graphic elements on the screen, the element they are touching is described by speech and non-speech audio in order to help them navigate the graphic.
Design of a "Riesenrad" Ion Gantry for Hadrontherapy (2000)

The benefit of hadrontherapy can be maximized by offering the possibility to deliver the particle beam from any direction in space towards the patient with the help of a medical gantry. For carbon ions, their increased (magnetic) beam rigidity yields considerable structural difficulties and has so far prevented a practical realization of an ion gantry. The concept of a 'Riesenrad' ion gantry promises to provide an effective and efficient solution. The basic idea is to deflect the ion beam with a single 90° dipole, which rotates around the incoming beam axis, and direct it towards the eccentrically positioned patient cabin. Inside the cabin similar conditions as exist in a classical isocentric treatment room prevail. The practical design of such a Riesenrad gantry, its structural principles and its function are presented. The underlying beam optics and its integration into the mechanical structure are explained. Aspects of safety, and flexibility are discussed.
Convergent Pathways for Utilization of the Amino Sugars <i>N</i> -Acetylglucosamine, <i>N</i> -Acetylmannosamine, and <i>N</i> -Acetylneuraminic Acid by <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1999)

N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) are good carbon sources for Escherichia coli K-12, whereas N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) is metabolized very slowly. The isolation of regulatory mutations which enhanced utilization of ManNAc allowed us to elucidate the pathway of its degradation. ManNAc is transported by the manXYZ-encoded phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) transporter producing intracellular ManNAc-6-P. This phosphorylated hexosamine is subsequently converted to GlcNAc-6-P, which is further metabolized by the nagBA-encoded deacetylase and deaminase of the GlcNAc-6-P degradation pathway. Two independent mutations are necessary for good growth on ManNAc. One mutation maps to mlc, and mutations in this gene are known to enhance the expression of manXYZ. The second regulatory mutation was mapped to the nanAT operon, which encodes the NANA transporter and NANA lyase. The combined action of the nanAT gene products converts extracellular NANA to intracellular ManNAc. The second regulatory mutation defines an open reading frame (ORF), called yhcK, as the gene for the repressor of the nan operon (nanR). Mutations in the repressor enhance expression of the nanAT genes and, presumably, three distal, previously unidentified genes, yhcJIH. Expression of just one of these downstream ORFs, yhcJ, is necessary for growth on ManNAc in the presence of an mlc mutation. The yhcJ gene appears to encode a ManNAc-6-P-to-GlcNAc-6-P epimerase (nanE). Another putative gene in the nan operon, yhcI, likely encodes ManNAc kinase (nanK), which should phosphorylate the ManNAc liberated from NANA by the NanA protein. Use of NANA as carbon source by E. coli also requires the nagBA gene products. The existence of a ManNAc kinase and epimerase within the nan operon allows us to propose that the pathways for dissimilation of the three amino sugars GlcNAc, ManNAc, and NANA, all converge at the step of GlcNAc-6-P.
The Adsorption Properties and Kinetics of Uranium(VI) with a Novel Fibrous and Polymeric Adsorbent Containing Amidoxime Chelating Functional Group from Seawater (2003)

The adsorption properties of U(VI) with a new type of fibrous and polymeric adsorbent containing amidoxime chelating functional group (FPAO) from seawater was studied by the method of the static state adsorption at 25 °C. The optimum conditions of the adsorption were determined by investigating the influence of the concentrations of FPAO, U(VI), feed acidity, temperature, and the shape and size of FPAO on the adsorption equilibrium. The maximum adsorption capacity of U(VI) in theory was deduced to be 384.6 mg/g dry FPAO by Langmuir isothermic adsorption equation. Freundlich isothermic adsorption equation, expressed as Q=4.116[U(VI)]0.4293, shows that this process can taken place easily because the adsorption factor 1/n equals to 0.4293, which is in the region of 0.1–0.5. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics of U(VI) with FPAO was also studied. The rate equation of the adsorption reaction was determined as −d[U(VI)]/dt=k[U(V)]FPAO]1.70/[H+] and the rate constant of the adsorption reaction k was calculated to be 0.5912 min−1 for pH 6.0 and ionic strength 0.1 mol/l. The activation energy of the adsorption reaction was calculated to be 28.54 kJ/mol. On the basis of the kinetics results, the adsorption mechanism of FPAO on U(VI) was discussed. The diffusion of uranium ion in internal of the adsorbent was thought to be the rate-controlling step.
On-Demand Telemedicine as a Disruptive Health Technology: Qualitative Study Exploring Emerging Business Models and Strategies Among Early Adopter Organizations in the United States (2019)

On-demand telemedicine is a potentially disruptive innovation currently in the early adopter stage of technology adoption and diffusion. On-demand telemedicine must cross into the early majority stage to truly be a positive disruption that will increase accessibility and affordability for health care consumers. Our findings provide guidance for adopter organizations as they seek to deploy viable business models and successful strategies to smooth the transition to early majority status. We present important insights for both early adopters and potential early majority organizations to better harness the disruptive potential of on-demand telemedicine.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy studies of RF sputtered Cd/sub 1-x/Mn/sub x/Te films (2005)

Automatic spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) with a 0.75 - 6.5 eV photon energy range was used together with atomic force microscopy to investigate surface optical and structural characteristics of as-deposited, annealed, and chloride treated Cd/sub 1-x/Mn/sub x/Te thin films. The E/sub 1/, E/sub 1/ + /spl Delta//sub 1/, and E/sub 2/ critical-point structures were clearly observed in the SE data for as-deposited samples. The variation of the pseudodielectric function for as-deposited samples was observed under different surface preparation and measurement conditions by in situ SE. The AFM images of the corresponding as-deposited samples revealed variations in surface morphology that were consistent with the SE results. For chloride treated samples, the pseudodielectric function was much different from that of as-deposited samples. This difference was due not only to oxidation of the surface, but also to a disruptive change of the bulk film under such annealing conditions.
Beer Flavor Terminology (1979)

Joint Working Groups of the American Society of Brewing Chemists, the European Brewery Convention, and the Master Brewers Association of the Americas have developed a system of flavor terminology to meet the dual needs of i) enabling brewers to communicate effectively about flavor and ii) naming and defining each separately identifiable flavor note in beer. The system comprises 44 terms to meet the first objective, and 78 additional terms are suggested for the second. The industry is urged to use this terminology and to comment on it.
Nodal Nomenclature–General Principles (1979)

Abstract A new, comprehensive graph‐based nomenclature system for chemical substances is proposed. Substances are named by using nodal nomenclature to name graphs derived from their structures by ignoring chemical details such as atom identities, bonding, charges, etc. After the fundamental graph is named, these chemical details are introduced by modifications and additions to the name of the graph to yield the name of the actual substance. Although development of nodal nomenclature originated with problems in naming some organic systems, it is not limited to organic substances. In this paper, only general principles for naming the graph are described; applications to specific substances will be discussed in future papers.