gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Boc-L-Dmt-OH as a fully N,S-blocked cysteine derivative for peptide synthesis by prior thiol capture. Facile conversion of N-terminal Boc-L-Dmt-peptides to H-Cys(Scm)-peptides (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBoc-L-Dmt-OH as a fully N,S-blocked cysteine derivative for peptide synthesis by prior thiol capture. Facile conversion of N-terminal Boc-L-Dmt-peptides to H-Cys(Scm)-peptidesD. S. Kemp and Robert I. CareyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1989, 54, 15, 3640–3646Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00276a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00276a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1359Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A tumor profile in Down syndrome (1998)

We conducted a review of cancers in Down syndrome (DS), because solid tumors are poorly understood in DS. Cancers are in excess in this condition because of the 20-fold excess of leukemias, whereas malignant solid tumors seem to be globally underrepresented as compared with those in the general population. However, among these tumors, some tumors are in excess: lymphomas, gonadal and extragonadal germ cell tumors, and possibly retinoblastomas and pancreatic and bone tumors. Neoplasms in excess are seen earlier, sometimes in fetal life (leukemias and testicular germ cell tumors) or neonatally (leukemias and lymphoma) and affect mainly male subjects. There seems to exist an excess of rare karyotypes. Other tumors are underrepresented, particularly neuroblastomas and nephroblastomas, in young children, and perhaps common epithelial tumors in adults. These observations suggest that DS has a particular tumor profile, with some tissues more affected by malignant diseases (hematopoietic tissue and germ cells) and others that seem to be protected (central and peripheral nervous system, renal tissue, and epithelial tissues). The mechanism is mainly genetic, but differences in exposure to exogenous agents compared with the general population must be kept in mind. These findings are of interest for the management of these patients and early detection of cancers. Better knowledge of this tumor profile could help us to understand the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and should be compared to the current knowledge of genes on chromosome 21.
Pharmacotherapy and the neurobehavioural sequelae of traumatic brain injury (1988)

Recent advances in clinical neuropharmacology are likely to improve the treatment and rehabilitation of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Treatment may be directed to alleviate specific symptoms, to improve function in certain areas, or even to enhance the cortical recovery process. The author reviews pertinent issues in clinical neuropharmacology for the following drug classes: stimulants, other dopamine agonists, antidepressants, lithium, cholinergics, neuroleptics, anticonvulsants, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, nootropes, opiates and neuropeptides. Since the relevant research literature in TBI is so sparse, information and recommendations are extrapolated from some other patient groups, especially developmentally handicapped children and adults, and patients with dementia.
<title>Highly accurate pattern generation using acousto-optical deflection</title> (1991)

A laser reticle writer for 5X reticle production using acousto-optical deflection, Micronic LRS-18, is described and discussed. Polygon scanners have higher ultimate through-put, but an acousto-optical scanner is faster at short scans. Using a short scan simplifies the optics and reduces stripe butting errors. Sub-pixel addressing is done in a single pass with no loss of writing speed. The stage has a fast return stroke and vibration-free movement. The beam position is updated at the start of every scan cycle, i.e., every 20 microsecond(s) , by inertia-free servos, and the influence of mechanical vibrations is highly suppressed. A quartz plate with a known pattern is used for calibration. Laser scanners for R&D and large-area masks are in development.
Second-Order IIR Notch Filter Design and Implementation of Digital Signal Processing System (2013)

In this paper the AC power 50Hz power interference, we use IIR digital notch filter method for industrial frequency interference filter. From the design of IIR digital filter method proceed with, on the IIR digital notch filter simulation, the algorithm deduced, on the fixed-point DSP programming method and overflow handling problems made elaborate incisively, and in digital audio signal processing system has been applied.
Therapeutic trial of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation after acute ischemic stroke (2005)

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or sham stimulation was given over the motor cortex daily for 10 days to two randomly assigned groups of 26 patients with acute ischemic stroke. Patients otherwise continued their normal treatment. Disability scales measured before rTMS, at the end of the last rTMS session, and 10 days later showed that real rTMS improved patients' scores more than sham.
A fixed point solution for convolved audio source separation (2002)

We examine the problem of blind audio source separation using independent component analysis (ICA). In order to separate audio sources recorded in a real recording environment, we need to model the mixing process as convolutional. Many methods have been introduced for separating convolved mixtures, the most successful of which require working in the frequency domain. This paper proposes a fixed-point algorithm for performing fast frequency domain ICA, as well as a method to increase the stability and enhance the performance of previous frequency domain ICA algorithms.
Cinryze&trade; as the first approved C1 inhibitor in the USA for the treatment of hereditary angioedema: approval, efficacy and safety (2010)

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a clinical disorder characterized by a deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH). HAE has traditionally been divided into two subtypes. Unique among the inherited deficiencies of the complement system, HAE Types I and II are inherited as an autosomal dominant disorder. The generation of an HAE attack is caused by the depletion and/or consumption of C1-inhibitor manifested as subcutaneous or submucosal edema of the upper airway, face, extremities, or gastrointestinal tract. Attacks can be severe and potentially life-threatening, particularly with laryngeal involvement. Despite the availability of C1-INH for the treatment of HAE since the 1980s in Europe and other countries, HAE treatment in the United States was limited to androgen therapy. The human plasma-derived C1 esterase inhibitor (Cinryze™), distributed by Lev Pharmaceuticals, was approved in October 2008 for the prevention of HAE attacks based on the results of a phase III clinical trial. This review aims to describe the history of C1-INH replacement in HAE as well as the pharmacology, efficacy and safety of C1-INH, concentrating on Cinryze as the first approved chronic replacement treatment for the prophylaxis of HAE attacks.
La caracterización económica de la enseñanza superior: Una revisión (1983)

o y, en principio, tan duradero como la propia vida del individuo que lo ha adquirido. Por el contrario, el producto con el que se desenvuelve tradicionalmente el analisis del mercado es, en buen numero de casos, tangible, concreto y de corta o media dura-
Multiparallel decompression simultaneously using multicore central processing unit and graphic processing unit (2013)

The discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-based compression algorithm is widely used in many image compression systems. The time-consuming computation of the 9/7 discrete wavelet decomposition and the bit-plane decoding is usually the bottleneck of these systems. In order to perform real-time decompression on a massive bit stream of compressed images continuously down-linked from the satellite, we propose a different graphic processing unit (GPU)-accelerated decoding system. In this system, the GPU and multiple central processing unit (CPU) threads are run in parallel. To obtain the maximum throughput via a different pipeline structure for processing continuous satellite images, an additional balancing algorithm workload has been implemented to distribute the jobs to both CPU and GPU parts to have approximately the same processing speed. Through the pipelined CPU and GPU heterogeneous computing, the entire decoding system approaches a speedup of 15× as compared to its single-threaded CPU counterpart. The proposed channel and source decoding system is able to decompress 1024×1024 satellite images at a speed of 20 frames/s .
Nursing Education on Child Sexual Abuse: A Three-Tiered Strategy (1994)

1Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, Memorial University of New Foundland, St. John's, NF, Canada 2Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Memorial University of New Foundland, St. John's, NF, Canada
Chemicals from alternative feedstocks in the United States (1995)

Growing industrial interest in products from renewable alternative feedstocks has resulted in the creation of more industry-led federal research and development programs. The basis of this interest is introduced, followed by an overview of the various federal programs that support basic through applied research relevant to chemical products from renewable resources, and evidence of the increased coordination efforts between programs. The majority of the paper outlines a new program within the U.S. Department of Energy, the Alternative Feedstocks Program, which specifically targets chemicals from renewables which have the potential to become part of the next generation of high-volume chemical feedstocks for the manufacturing industries. The first product of the program, an iterative process technology decision analysis tool, is broadly presented using the first process development project: succinic acid from fermentable sugars.
Deubiquitinating Enzymes as Therapeutic Targets in Cancer (2013)

Abnormal regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has been known to be involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of human diseases. A number of studies have focused on the identification of small modifiers for the UPS. Even though the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (Velcade®) has been approved for the therapy of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma, there are still no DUB inhibitors endorsed for clinical usage. Since deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) are becoming as a new class of modifiers in the UPS, potential drugs that target specific DUBs have been investigated with the development of experimental technologies for screening small inhibitor molecules. However, the molecular mechanisms of these molecules are poorly understood. In order to design and develop specific small inhibitor molecules for specific DUBs, identification of specific substrates and molecular structures for each DUB is required. Here, we review structures, substrates, and small inhibitor molecules of DUBs identified up to date, providing a clear rationale for the development of novel small inhibitor molecules of DUBs for cancer.
Origins and divergence times of mammalian class II MHC gene clusters (2000)

The class I and II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are apparently subject to evolution by a birth-and-death process. The rate of gene turnover is much slower in the latter genes than in the former. In placental mammals, the class II region can be subdivided into different orthologous subregions or gene clusters (DR, DQ, DO, and DN), but the origins and evolutionary relationships of these gene clusters are not well established. Here we report the results of our study of the times of origin and evolutionary relationships of these gene clusters in mammals. Our analysis suggests that both class II alpha-chain and beta-chain gene clusters are shared by placental mammals and marsupials, but the gene clusters from nonmammalian species are paralogous to mammalian gene clusters. We estimated the times of divergence between gene clusters in placental mammals using the linearized tree and distance regression methods. Our results indicate that most gene clusters originated 170-200 million years (MY) ago, but that DO beta-chain genes diverged from the other beta-chain gene clusters approximately 210-260 MY ago. The phylogenetic trees for the alpha- and beta-chain genes were not congruent, suggesting that the evolutionary history of the class II gene clusters is more complex than previously thought.
L'idéologie et la construction du politique : le royaume d'Oviedo-León. À propos d'une thèse récente (2006)

RÉSUMÉ La Première Guerre mondiale révèle l’importance du pétrole. Importatrice, la France était approvisionnée par les grandes sociétés étrangères. Au début des années 1920, l’État français se propose de réaliser l’indépendance énergétique du pays en favorisant la création d’une industrie pétrolière nationale. La Compagnie française des pétroles est constituée en 1924 mais la France a peu de prise sur l’Irak, sa principale source d’approvisionnement. La politique nationale du pétrole connaît son apogée suite à la découverte en 1956 des réserves considérables situées en Algérie. La France détient enfin d’importantes quantités de brut ( « pétrole franc » ) et la matière première de sa politique. Cette perspective est remise en question par l’indépendance de l’Algérie et le desserrement des relations pétrolières entre les deux pays. L’article avance l’idée que la fin de la phase algérienne annonce le reflux de la politique pétrolière nationale de la France.
The Fast Multilevel Fuzzy Edge Detection of Blurry Images (2007)

To realize the fast and accurate detection of the edges from the blurry images, the fast multilevel fuzzy edge detection (FMFED) algorithm is proposed. The FMFED algorithm first enhances the image contrast by means of the fast multilevel fuzzy enhancement (FMFE) algorithm using the simple transformation function based on two image thresholds. Second, the edges are extracted from the enhanced image by the two-stage edge detection operator that identifies the edge candidates based on the local characteristics of the image and then determines the true edge pixels using the edge detection operator based on the extremum of the gradient values. Experimental results demonstrate that the FMFED algorithm can extract the thin edges and remove the false edges from the image, which leads to its better performance than the Sobel operator, Canny operator, traditional fuzzy edge detection algorithm, and other multilevel fuzzy edge detection algorithms
Manual of Photography (2013)

The Manual of Photography is the standard work for anyone who is serious about photography - professional photographers and lab technicians or managers, as well as students and enthusiastic amateurs who want to become more technically competent. The authors provide comprehensive and accessible coverage of the techniques and technologies of photography. The Manual has aided many thousands of photographers in their careers. The ninth edition now brings this text into a third century, as the first edition dates from 1890. Major new updates for the ninth edition include:Coverage of digital techniques - more emphasis on electronic and hybrid mediaGreater coverage of colour measurement, specification and reproduction - illustrated with a new colour plate sectionDealing with the fundamental principles as well as the practices of photography and imaging, the Manual topics ranging from optics to camera types and features, to colour photography and digital image processing and manipulation. The authors write in a reader-friendly style, using many explanatory illustrations and dividing topics into clear sections.
Importance et distribution du nouveau biotype Ne:1 du puceron de la laitue en Suisse alémanique (2011)

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) can be deployed to monitor the health of patients suffering from critical diseases. Also a wireless network consisting of biomedical sensors can be implanted into the patient's body and can monitor the patients' conditions. These sensor devices, apart from having an enormous capability of collecting data from their physical surroundings, are also resource constraint in nature with a limited processing and communication ability. Therefore we have to integrate them with the Grid technology in order to process and store the collected data by the sensor nodes. In this paper, we proposed the SEnsor Grid Enhancement Data Management system, called SEGEDMA ensuring the integration of different network technologies and the continuous data access to system users. The main contribution of this work is to achieve the interoperability of both technologies through a novel network architecture ensuring also the interoperability of Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and HL7 standards. According to the results, SEGEDMA can be applied successfully in a decentralized healthcare environment.
Packet Filtering in Gigabit Networks Using FPGAs (2007)

Network security is an important aspect for a networked information society. The ever growing datarates of Internet traffic call for dedicated hardware solutions to prevent networks from malicious attacks. Packet filtering belongs to a number of measures to ensure the availability and reliability of networks. Packet filters classify the network traffic by rules and omit those packets that might affect the network security. Our work turns out that the latest series of Xilinx FPGAs is a very effective platform to realize such filters in hardware. The Xilinx Virtex-4 series provides hard macros for network access, has ample memory resources to store filter rules, and provides embedded processors to manage and maintain the built network devices. Our pipelined packet-filter architecture on Virtex-4 FPGAs is able to filter Gigabit Ethernet traffic. On a small Virtex-4 FX-12 device, 32 complex filter rules can be applied to decide the acceptance (or dropping) of packets by applying linear search. The filter causes a latency of only 2,300 ns, which is magnitudes faster than software solutions. The pipelined architecture allows for scaling for larger rule sets on larger FPGAs and for multi-Gigabit throughput rates when moving to larger wordsizes than the currently applied 8-bit datapaths. 1
Melatonin receptors in human fetal brain: 2‐[<sup>125</sup>I]iodomelatonin binding and MT1 gene expression (2002)

The purpose of this study was to identify sites of action of melatonin in the human fetal brain by in vitro autoradiography and in situ hybridization. Specific, guanosine triphosphate (GTP) sensitive, binding of 2-[(125)I]iodomelatonin was localized to the leptomeninges, cerebellum, thalamus, hypothalamus, and brainstem. In the hypothalalmus, specific binding was present in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) as well as the arcuate, ventromedial and mammillary nuclei. In the brainstem specific binding was present in the cranial nerve nuclei including the oculomotor nuclei, the trochlear nuclei, the motor and sensory trigeminal nuclei, the facial nuclei, and the cochlear nuclei. The localization of MT1 receptor subtype gene expression as determined by in situ hybridization matched the localization of 2-[(125)I]iodomelatonin binding. No MT2 receptor subtype gene expression was detected using this technique. Thus, melatonin may act on the human fetus via the MT1 receptor subtype at a number of discrete brain sites. A major site of action of melatonin in both fetal and adult mammals is the pars tuberalis of the pituitary gland. However, no 2-[(125)I]iodomelatonin binding or melatonin receptor gene expression was detected in the pituitary gland in the present study, indicating that the pituitary, particularly the pars tuberalis, is not a site of action of melatonin in the human fetus.
Prayers for Our Protection and Prosperity at Court: Shakers, Children, and the Law (1992)

At the top of Prospect Hill in Harvard, Massachusetts, are the Fruitlands Museums, founded in 1914 by Clara Endicott Sears, a wealthy Bostonian who summered in Harvard. She befriended the last members of the Shaker communities of Harvard and Shirley that formed the Harvard Bishopric of the United Believers of Christ, and chronicled their histories. Miss Sears structured the Museum around the farmhouse in which Bronson Alcott and his family lived in a communistic experiment from June 1843 to January 1844. She later added a Shaker building, an art gallery of early American itinerant portraits and Hudson River School landscapes, and a gallery devoted to the American Indian. As Miss Sears intended, the eclectic collection of the Museums forces the visitor to connect different aspects of the past, and the past with the present.\nThis paper is my modest effort to make the same sort of connections through an examination of one aspect of the Shakers' lives: the method by which they obtained and retained children who came to Shaker communities without their parents. Because Shaker theology required that community members subscribe to a creed of celibacy, new members could only come from outside a community's boundaries. When adults joined a community, they signed a covenant and "consecrated themselves and their property to God." When these relationships crumbled, courts were faced with the broken pieces. For example, could a man who had signed a community's covenant, in which he acknowledged that his work would be for the good of all, recover wages if he left? When families, or only portions of them, joined the Shakers, different legal questions were posed. Did a woman have grounds for obtaining a divorce if her husband joined the Shakers? The way that courts dealt with these issues has received some analysis by scholars of legal and Shaker history.