gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Polychlorinated biphenyls target Notch/Dll and VEGF R2 in the mouse placenta and human trophoblast cell lines for their anti-angiogenic effects (2017)

The intrauterine environment is particularly vulnerable to environmental exposures. We previously established a mouse model that provided evidence for pregnancy complications and placental anti-angiogenesis in response to Aroclor 1254 (A-1254), a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Importantly, these effects were observed in IL-10<sup>-/-</sup>, but not wild type, mice, suggesting that IL-10 deficiency predisposes to pregnancy disruptive effects of environmental toxicants. However, the mechanisms by which PCBs cause anti-angiogenic effects are unclear. Here, we evaluated PCB-mediated anti-angiogenic effects by diverse but complementary approaches, including HUVEC-mediated trophoblast invasion in nude mice, in vitro three-dimensional capillary tube formation involving HUVEC and/or HTR8 trophoblasts, and aortic ring endothelial cell outgrowth/sprouting. Taken together, our data suggest that PCBs act as potent anti-angiogenic agents. Importantly, we show that treatment of pregnant IL-10<sup>-/-</sup> mice with A-1254 resulted in placental activation of the Notch/Delta-like ligand (Dll) pathway, a master regulator of cell-cell interaction and vascular patterning. Similar results were obtained with HUVEC and HTR8 trophoblasts. Rescue of A-1254-induced disruption of HUVEC-based tube formation by γ-secretase inhibitor L1790 confirmed the critical role of the Notch/Dll pathway. Our data suggest that PCBs impart pregnancy disruptive functions by activating the Notch/Dll pathway and by inducing anti-angiogenic effects at the maternal-fetal interface.
Novel Approach in Algae Biofuel Production using Advanced Photonics (2012)

Utilization of evanescent fields for photosynthetic bacteria to produce biofuel can lead to thousandfold decrease in the volume of photobioreactors. We demonstrate the growth of bacteria enabled by the evanescent excitation using planar waveguides.
Reducing Artifacts in Volume Rendering by Higher Order Integration (1997)

In this paper we show that approximation errors predominate the artifacts that can be seen. A new integration scheme for solving the volume rendering equation is presented that leads to artifact free images and accurate resolutions down to voxel size. We propose a method for acquiring additional sample points needed for higher order integration very efficiently in order to allow the competing goals speed an accuracy to be traded off in a reasonable way. The computational overhead of this method is a factor of 2 to the conventional algorithm.
An incremental growing neural network and its application to robot control (2000)

This paper describes a novel network model, which is able to control its growth on the basis of the approximation requests. Two classes of self-tuning neural models are considered; namely Growing Neural Gas (GNG) and SoftMax function networks. We combined the two models into a new one: hence the name GNG-Soft networks. The resulting model is characterized by the effectiveness of the GNG in distributing the units within the input space and the approximation properties of SoftMax functions. We devised a method to estimate the approximation error in an incremental fashion. This measure has been used to tune the network growth rate. Results showing the performance of the network in a real-world robotic experiment are reported.
Novel Shuttle Markers for Nuclear Transformation of the Green Alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (2011)

The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii today is a premier model organism for the study of green algae and plants. Yet the efficient engineering of its nuclear genome requires development of new antibiotic resistance markers. We have recoded, based on codon usage in the nuclear genome, the AadA marker that has been used previously for chloroplast transformation. The recoded AadA gene, placed under the control of the HSP70A-RBCS2 hybrid promoter and preceded by the RbcS2 chloroplast-targeting peptide, can be integrated into the nuclear genome by electroporation, conferring resistance to spectinomycin and streptomycin. Transformation efficiency is markedly increased when vector sequences are completely eliminated from the transforming DNA. Antibiotic resistance is stable for several months in the absence of selection pressure. Shuttle markers allowing selection in both Chlamydomonas and Escherichia coli would also be a useful asset. By placing an artificial bacterial promoter and Shine-Dalgarno sequence in frame within the AadA coding sequence, we generated such a shuttle marker. To our surprise, we found that the classical AphVIII construct already functions as a shuttle marker. Finally, we developed a method to introduce the AadA and AphVIII markers into the vector part of the bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) of the Chlamydomonas genomic DNA library. Our aim was to facilitate complementation studies whenever the test gene cannot be selected for directly. After transformation of a petC mutant with a modified BAC carrying the AphVIII marker along with the PETC gene in the insert, almost half of the paromomycin-resistant transformants obtained showed restoration of phototrophy, indicating successful integration of the unselected test gene. With AadA, cotransformation was also observed, but with a lower efficiency.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial of zoledronic acid in the prevention of skeletal complications in Japanese women with bone metastases from breast cancer (2004)

668 Background: In Western populations, zoledronic acid (ZOL) has been proven effective for the prevention of skeletal related events (SREs) from bone metastases. For breast cancer patients, ZOL was shown to be superior to pamidronate. However, the efficacy of ZOL is unknown in Japanese patients. We report here data from the first randomized, placebo-controlled study of ZOL in Japanese patients. Methods: Japanese women with bone metastases from breast cancer were randomized to either ZOL 4mg i.v. infusion over 15 min every 4 weeks or placebo (P). The primary efficacy endpoint was SRE rate ratio (ratio of number of SREs per year for ZOL-treated patients over that for placebo) at 1 year. SREs included pathologic fractures, radiation to bone, spinal cord compression, and surgery to treat or prevent fractures. Secondary endpoints included proportion of patients with ≥1 SRE, time to first SRE and multiple event analysis (MEA: A-G model). Tumor induced hypercalcemia was included in the SRE composite in secondary endpoints. Safety was assessed according to NCI-CTC. Results: 227 patients (median age 53 years) were accrued to the study with 114 in the ZOL arm and 113 in the P arm. Patients were well matched with regard to baseline clinical characteristics. The primary endpoint, SRE rate ratio was 0.61 (p=0.027), indicating that SRE rate was reduced by 39% with ZOL. Proportions of patients with ≥1 SRE were 30.7% and 52.2% for the ZOL and P group, respectively (p=0.001). Median time to first SRE were 360 days in the P group while it did not reach in the ZOL group (p=0.004). Risk ratio of ZOL to P was 0.56 by MEA (p=0.009). ZOL was well tolerated. The most common adverse effects observed more frequently in the ZOL vs. P group were pyrexia (55% vs. 33%), fatigue (44.5% vs. 31.9%) and arthralgia (21.1% vs. 15.9%). One patient in the ZOL group (0.9%) experienced increased serum creatinine. Conclusions: ZOL 4mg demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in Japanese patients for preventing skeletal complications with bone metastases, with an overall 44% reduction in the risk of experiencing SREs as shown by MEA. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp.
Millimeter-wave 2×2 MIMO SC-FDE for an 8K wireless camera (2018)

We previously developed a high-definition (HD) wireless camera using millimeter waves with the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme. Now, we are developing an 8K wireless camera that can achieve larger transmission capacity with a smaller transmitter. Considering this, we study a single-carrier scheme with frequency domain equalization (SC-FDE) and a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) scheme. The SC-FDE could achieve a smaller peak-to-average power ratio, resulting in a smaller power amplifier. In this paper, we propose two structures of 2×2MIMO SC-FDE and evaluate their basic performance in several scenarios with computer simulations.
Development of Predictive Models for Airflow Obstruction in Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency (2009)

Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency is a genetic condition associated with severe, early-onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there is significant variability in lung function impairment among persons with the protease inhibitor ZZ genotype. Early identification of persons at highest risk of developing lung disease could be beneficial in guiding monitoring and treatment decisions. Using a multicenter, family-based study sample (2002-2005) of 372 persons with the protease inhibitor ZZ genotype, the authors developed prediction models for forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) and the presence of severe COPD using demographic, clinical, and genetic variables. Half of the data sample was used for model development, and the other half was used for model validation. In the training sample, variables found to be predictive of both FEV(1) and severe COPD were age, sex, pack-years of smoking, bronchodilator responsiveness, chronic bronchitis symptoms, and index case status. In the validation sample, the predictive model for FEV(1) explained 50% of the variance in FEV(1), and the model for severe COPD exhibited excellent discrimination (c statistic = 0.88).
Regulation of apoptosis by XIAP ubiquitin-ligase activity (2008)

Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) can bind to and inhibit caspases, the key executioners of apoptosis. Because IAPs are frequently overexpressed in human tumors, they have become major pharmacological targets for developing new cancer therapeutics. However, the precise physiological function of individual mammalian IAPs and their role as E3 ubiquitin-ligases in situ remain largely obscure. Here, we investigated the function of XIAP ubiquitin-ligase activity by inactivating the RING motif via gene targeting in the mouse. Removing the RING stabilized XIAP in apoptotic thymocytes, demonstrating that XIAP ubiquitin-ligase activity is a major determinant of XIAP protein stability. Surprisingly, the increased amounts of "XIAP-BIR-only" protein did not lead to attenuated but rather increased caspase activity and apoptosis. DeltaRING embryonic stem cells and fibroblasts had elevated caspase-3 enzyme activity, and XIAP DeltaRING embryonic fibroblasts were strongly sensitized to TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. Similar results were obtained with XIAP deficient mice. Furthermore, deletion of the RING also improved the survival of mice in the Emu-Myc lymphoma model. This demonstrates a physiological requirement of XIAP ubiquitin-ligase activity for the inhibition of caspases and for tumor suppression in vivo.
<i>Rb</i> intrinsically promotes erythropoiesis by coupling cell cycle exit with mitochondrial biogenesis (2008)

Regulation of the cell cycle is intimately linked to erythroid differentiation, yet how these processes are coupled is not well understood. To gain insight into this coordinate regulation, we examined the role that the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), a central regulator of the cell cycle, plays in erythropoiesis. We found that Rb serves a cell-intrinsic role and its absence causes ineffective erythropoiesis, with a differentiation block at the transition from early to late erythroblasts. Unexpectedly, in addition to a failure to properly exit the cell cycle, mitochondrial biogenesis fails to be up-regulated concomitantly, contributing to this differentiation block. The link between erythropoiesis and mitochondrial function was validated by inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis. Erythropoiesis in the absence of Rb resembles the human myelodysplastic syndromes, where defects in cell cycle regulation and mitochondrial function frequently occur. Our work demonstrates how these seemingly disparate pathways play a role in coordinately regulating cellular differentiation.
Down syndrome in diverse populations (2016)

Down syndrome is the most common cause of cognitive impairment and presents clinically with universally recognizable signs and symptoms. In this study, we focus on exam findings and digital facial analysis technology in individuals with Down syndrome in diverse populations. Photos and clinical information were collected on 65 individuals from 13 countries, 56.9% were male and the average age was 6.6 years (range 1 month to 26 years; SD = 6.6 years). Subjective findings showed that clinical features were different across ethnicities (Africans, Asians, and Latin Americans), including brachycephaly, ear anomalies, clinodactyly, sandal gap, and abundant neck skin, which were all significantly less frequent in Africans (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.05, and P < 0.05, respectively). Evaluation using a digital facial analysis technology of a larger diverse cohort of newborns to adults (n = 129 cases; n = 132 controls) was able to diagnose Down syndrome with a sensitivity of 0.961, specificity of 0.924, and accuracy of 0.943. Only the angles at medial canthus and ala of the nose were common significant findings amongst different ethnicities (Caucasians, Africans, and Asians) when compared to ethnically matched controls. The Asian group had the least number of significant digital facial biometrics at 4, compared to Caucasians at 8 and Africans at 7. In conclusion, this study displays the wide variety of findings across different geographic populations in Down syndrome and demonstrates the accuracy and promise of digital facial analysis technology in the diagnosis of Down syndrome internationally. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Computational Method for Formulation and Solution of Dynamical Equations for Complex Mechanisms and Multibody Systems (2017)

This paper presents a computational method for formulating and solving the dynamical equations of motion for complex mechanisms and multibody systems. The equations of motion are formulated in a preconditioned form using kinematic substructuring with a heuristic application of Generalized Coordinate Partitioning (GCP). This results in an optimal split of dependent and independent variables during run time. It also allows reliable handling of end-of-stroke conditions and bifurcations in mechanisms, thereby facilitating dynamic simulation of paradoxical linkages such as Bricard’s mechanism that has been known to cause problems with some multibody dynamic codes. The new Preconditioned Equations of Motion are then solved using a recursive formulation of the Schur Complement Method combined with Sparse Matrix Techniques. In this fashion the Preconditioned Equations of Motion are recursively uncoupled and solved one kinematic substructure at a time. The results are demonstrated using examples.
Numerical Simulation on Temporal Response of Spin-Torque Oscillator to Magnetic Pulses (2010)

For the application of the spin-torque oscillator to a high-data-transfer-rate read head, it is indispensable that the oscillation frequency responds promptly to the magnetic field from recorded bits. In this paper, we numerically exemplify the phase response to a short magnetic pulse. The phase basically follows the magnetic pulse although it takes several nanoseconds to return to the steady state because of the frequency nonlinearity. We also demonstrate the differential detection of recorded bits at the data-transfer rate beyond 5 Gbit/s.
Isolation and Phagocytic Properties of Neutrophils and Other Phagocytes from Nonmastitic Bovine Milk (1991)

A technique for the separation of neutrophils from macrophages-epithelial cells in samples of nonmastitic bovine milk with low cell counts has been developed. The procedure is based on centrifugation in a discontinuous metrizamide gradient and is rapid, taking less than 40 min. The recovery of the neutrophils is about 30% and their viability about 90%. The isolated neutrophils showed an appreciable unstimulated luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence, which was due to NADPH oxidase rather than to xanthine oxidase. The neutrophils had a higher rate of ingestion of C3-opsonized particles than macrophages-epithelial cells, whereas no significant differences in phagocytosis of IgG-opsonized yeast or unopsonized yeast were detected between the two cell populations. The macrophages-epithelial cells produced no luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and induced considerably lower activity in the lucigenin-dependent system than neutrophils, indicating that these cells contain no myeloperoxidase. Analyses of the activity of the neutrophils in response to C3-opsonized yeast particles showed that the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of cells isolated from residual milk increased significantly over the lactation period. Moreover, a tendency to a higher phagocytosis and chemiluminescence of neutrophils isolated from residual milk than from stripping milk was indicated.
Role of nitric oxide in positive reactant ions in plasma chromatography (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRole of nitric oxide in positive reactant ions in plasma chromatographyFrancis W. Karasek and Donald W. DenneyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1974, 46, 6, 633–637Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60342a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60342a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views103Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Deleted DOI: Error Recovery Properties and Soft Decoding of Quasi-Arithmetic Codes (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Etude expérimentale et modélisation du sillage d'un tore à bas nombre de Reynolds (1994)

Cette these est consacree a l'etude des allees de vortex dans le sillage d'obstacles toriques de grands rapports d'aspect pour des nombres de reynolds entre 45 et 400. L'interet de la geometrie du tore reside dans l'absence d'effets de bord, qui peuvent fortement influencer le sillage derriere les obstacles cylindriques. Dans le regime periodique du sillage, l'etude experimentale en soufflerie montre l'existence de modes discrets de l'allee de vortex sous forme d'anneaux ou d'helices de vorticite. Les mesures de phase, d'amplitude et de frequence des fluctuations de vitesse, qui caracterisent ces modes, sont comparees aux previsions du modele dynamique de ginzburg-landau, qui a ainsi pu etre valide dans un grand intervalle du nombre de reynolds. Ce modele permet ensuite d'identifier de facon qualitative et quantitative deux instabilites secondaires de l'allee de vortex: 1) l'instabilite d'eckhaus des modes en helices pour des faibles nombres de reynolds qui a ete observee de facon precise pour la premiere fois dans cette etude; 2) l'instabilite de benjamin-feir pour tous les modes periodiques aux grands nombres de reynolds, precedant la transition a la turbulence classique dans le proche sillage. L'etude experimentale sur les tores et le modele de ginzburg-landau donnent un grand nombre de nouveaux renseignements sur les sillages en general, concernant leur dynamique et leur tridimensionnalite a faible nombre de reynolds et leur transition vers la turbulence
Sinusoidal Stimulation of Retinal Bipolar Cells: A Modelling Study (2012)

Electrical stimulation of the retina have been shown to restore rubimentary vision to people who lost thier photoreceptors due to degenerative eye diseases. Models of the electrophysiological properties of two classes of retinal bipolar cells (RBCs) were constrained and validated using experimental data from the literature. The models were used to investigate the response of RBCs to sinusoidal electrical stimulation of varying frequencies. Modelling predicts that the class of RBCs with low-voltage activated Ca2+ current is more responsive to sinusoidal stimulation at lower frequencies (2-10Hz), than at higher frequency (100 Hz).
Orbital-dependent density functionals: Theory and applications (2008)

This review provides a perspective on the use of orbital-dependent functionals, which is currently considered one of the most promising avenues in modern density-functional theory. The focus here is on four major themes: the motivation for orbital-dependent functionals in terms of limitations of semilocal functionals; the optimized effective potential as a rigorous approach to incorporating orbital-dependent functionals within the Kohn-Sham framework; the rationale behind and advantages and limitations of four popular classes of orbital-dependent functionals; and the use of orbital-dependent functionals for predicting excited-state properties. For each of these issues, both formal and practical aspects are assessed.
The acoustical properties of large studios (1999)

New studios for Croatian Radio-Television were planned with the starting user conditions. The background noise level must fulfill N15 or N20 criteria. Demanded reverberation time for a 400 m2 radio studio is Tr=0.6 s, for TV studios of the same area, Tr=0.7 s, and for the 1000 m2 TV studio, reverberation time is 1 s. Since all three studios with built-in control rooms were built in an urban area with excessive noise, it was necessary to obtain very good protection against noise, and at the same time, using the same elements, achieve the desired reverberation time. Special attention was given to flutter echoes and achievement of diffuse sound fields. The inner shell construction was built up using special acoustical building blocks. Besides using double walls, the broad analysis was done in order to avoid any possible problem in sound insulation. The achieved coincident frequency for walls and floors is 7.6 Hz, and this is quite satisfactory. The computer simulation was used during the design of internal sound-absorbing and reflecting surfaces. Described solutions take care of all user demands, as well as the usage particularities of such spaces. The measurements of relevant acoustical parameters were done after the building was finished.