gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
VoxLink—Combining sparse volumetric data and geometry for efficient rendering (2016)

Processing and visualizing large scale volumetric and geometric datasets is mission critical in an increasing number of applications in academic research as well as in commercial enterprise. Often the datasets are, or can be processed to become, sparse. In this paper, we present VoxLink, a novel approach to render sparse volume data in a memory-efficient manner enabling interactive rendering on common, offthe- shelf graphics hardware. Our approach utilizes current GPU architectures for voxelizing, storing, and visualizing such datasets. It is based on the idea of perpixel linked lists (ppLL), an A-buffer implementation for order-independent transparency rendering. The method supports voxelization and rendering of dense semi-transparent geometry, sparse volume data, and implicit surface representations with a unified data structure. The proposed data structure also enables efficient simulation of global lighting effects such as reflection, refraction, and shadow ray evaluation.
Annealing Effect on the Thermoelectric Properties of Hot Extruded Bi<sub>2</sub>(Te<sub>0.94</sub>Se<sub>0.06</sub>)<sub>3</sub>+0.07wt%I+0.03wt%CuBr+0.02wt%Te Compound (2006)

The n-type Bi2(Te0.94Se0.06)3 thermoelectric compound was prepared by the direct extrusion process using the powder as raw materials. Hot extruded specimens were annealed at 200°C and 350°C for 2hrs. The electrical conductivity, thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity of hot extruded and annealed specimens were measured at room temperature. The fractographs of the specimens showed that the grain size became coarser and a lot of porosities were generated during annealing process. The power factor value (PF) decreased with increasing the annealing temperature. The electric conductivity and thermal conductivity of the specimens also decreased with the increase of annealing temperature. This may be reasoned that the generated porosities affect the thermal conductivity of the specimens prepared in this study. The figure of merit (Z) value of the annealed specimens at 350°C was improved about 10%. The highest Z value of the specimens annealed at 350°C was 2.0 x 10-3/K among the prepared specimens.
Investigations of Photo-Excited TiO<sub>2</sub> Based on Time Resolved Microwave Conductivity and Oxygen Isotopic Exchange (2010)

Charge recombination is the main drawback of heterogeneous photocatalysis; it considerably limits the applications. Consequently, it is of paramount importance to study this process. Time resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC) is an appropriate technique for that purpose since it allows measurements without electrical contacts. Here are presented and discussed results obtained by TRMC for TiO2 powders. They indicate the importance of the TiO2 particle diameter in determining the conductivity. The attraction of TiO2 photoproduced electrons to deposited Pt particles was also shown by TRMC, as well as the very rapid charge recombination in TiO2 homogeneously doped with 0.85 ion % of Cr3+ cations. TRMC measurements for TiO2 affixed on thin fiberglass tissues using SiO2 as a binder demonstrated that TRMC is also adapted to composite materials; the type of SiO2 had only a secondary influence on the conductivity. Additionally, the effects of alcohols were investigated by TRMC to illustrate the occurrence of interfacial charge transfer. On the other hand, oxygen isotope exchange (OIE) of gaseous 18O2 occurs over photo-excited Ti16O2. It is believed to be facilitated by surface irregularities which can thus be probed. OIE measurements in the presence of compounds whose photocatalytic oxidation primary step requires the incorporation of an O atom suggested that labile O atoms of TiO2 do not play the dominant role. Contrasted effects on OIE and photocatalytic removal of methanol in air showed (i) the influence of thermal treatment on TiO2 surface re-structuring (ii) the preferential adsorption and subsequent UV-induced reduction of Se salts at more labile surface O atoms.
Structured Robust Control Against Mixed Uncertainty (2017)

We present new approaches to designing structured controllers, which are robust in the presence of mixed real parametric and complex dynamic uncertainty. As the synthesis of such controllers is inherently NP-hard, we discuss inner and outer relaxation techniques, which make this problem amenable to computations. Our relaxation methods are positively evaluated and compared on the basis of a rich test set and for a challenging missile pilot design problem.
High Overall <i>In Vitro</i> Efficiency of Porcine Handmade Cloning (HMC) Combining Partial Zona Digestion and Oocyte Trisection with Sequential Culture (2005)

We investigated the in vitro developmental competence of porcine embryos produced from in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes by improved HMC and parthenogenetic activation (PA). Embryos were cultured in a modified North Carolina State University (NCSU37) medium. Firstly, we compared the developmental competence between oocytes from sows and gilts by zona-intact (ZI) and zona-free (ZF) PA. Significantly higher (p < 0.05) blastocyst rates were obtained from sow oocytes (42 +/- 4% for ZF and 55 +/- 6% for ZI) than gilt oocytes (20 +/- 2% for ZF and 26 +/- 5% for ZI). Secondly, sow oocytes were used to establish the modified HMC that was based on a modified enucleation with partial zona digestion and trisection of porcine oocytes and the use of three cytoplasts and one somatic cell for embryo reconstruction. In vitro fertilization (IVF) and in parallel ZF PA were used as the control systems. After oocyte trisection, >90% of oocyte fragments were recovered, resulting in an average of 37 reconstructed embryos from 100 oocytes. Blastocyst rates of HMC, IVF, and ZF PA embryos were 17 +/- 4%, 30 +/- 6%, and 47 +/- 4%, respectively. Our results prove that HMC in pigs may result in high in vitro efficiency up until the blastocyst stage. In vivo developmental competence will be confirmed in embryo transfer experiments.
Echo envelope analysis method for quantifying heterogeneity of scatterer distribution for tissue characterization of liver fibrosis (2010)

The probability density function (PDF) of the echo signal envelope is an important factor for ultrasound tissue characterization (TC). Fibrotic tissue is inhomogeneous; therefore, its envelope PDF cannot be accurately modeled by a single PDF. Additionally, some regions have variable scatterer densities. In order to detect and characterize the fibrotic liver quantitatively, we examined the relationship between the scatterer distribution and the PDF of echo envelopes of inhomogeneous scattering media using computer simulations. Then, the analysis parameters in the simulated fiber tissue were successfully used to characterize fibrosis in clinical data sets.
Reactions of New Pi-Complex Catalysts (1962)

Three molecules of butadiene can be combined into 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene, using typical Ziegler-type catalysts. New π-complex catalysts have been developed by which it is possible to direct the synthesis at will in direction of a trimerization or dimerization. 1,5-Cyclo-octadiene or 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene can be obtained in 95% yields. The catalysts can be isolated and are mostly crystalline—for instance, Ni-(O)-[P(C6H5)3]4. It has been possible to isolate a definite intermediate of the trimerization, the structure of which has been determined. Some reactions of this intermediate elucidate the mechanism of the trimerization. The cyclic olefins obtained from butadiene are valuable starting materials for the production of α-ω difunctional compounds.
Immunoglobulin A-specific serodiagnosis of acute human cytomegalovirus infection by using recombinant viral antigens (1996)

The immunoglobulin A-specific reactivities of recombinant viral proteins from nine different reading frames of human cytomegalovirus were evaluated in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay experiments. Antigen fragments of reading frames pUL32, pUL44, and pUL57 were identified as preferable antigens for immunoglobulin A serodiagnosis. Application of autologous fusion proteins which combine these polypeptides may be useful especially for the early detection of acute secondary human cytomegalovirus infection.
Optimal placement of known symbols for slowly varying frequency-selective channels (2005)

The problem of placing known symbols in a data stream for a slowly varying frequency-selective channel is considered from an information-theoretic perspective. Given the amount of redundancy associated with known symbols, placement schemes that minimize the outage probability are derived by assuming that the transmitted codewords consist of packets that are constrained to have the same known symbol placement. Under the assumption that each known symbol cluster is at least as large as /spl alpha/ /spl ges/ 2L + 1 (where L is the channel order), we show that the optimal placement is obtained by arranging the known symbols into as many clusters as possible and placing them such that the unknown symbol blocks are as equal as possible. It is shown that the optimal placement of known symbol clusters does not depend on the probability density of the channel. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the ideas and potential gains of using optimal known symbol placement.
Risk of venous thromboembolism associated with a G to A transition at position 20210 in the 3′‐untranslated region of the prothrombin gene (1997)

The odds ratio for the FII 20210G/A mutation in 504 patients with venous thromboembolism compared to controls was 2.0 (95% CI 1.0-4.0) and, for factor V Leiden, 5.8 (95% CI 3.3-10.3). 3/504 patients were heterozygous for both mutations. None of the patients had combined natural anticoagulant deficiency and the FII 20210G/A mutation. We conclude that the FII 20210G/A mutation is present in 2.6% of the population and the relative risk of venous thromboembolism in carriers is 2.0.
Growth cone calcium elevation by GABA (1996)

Cytoplasmic calcium plays a key role in neurite growth. In contrast to previous work suggesting that gamma aminobutyrate's (GABA) role in regulating growth cone calcium is primarily to antagonize the effects of glutamate, we report that GABA can act in an excitatory manner on developing hypothalamic neurites, independently raising calcium in growing neurites and their growth cones. Time-lapse digital video and confocal laser microscopy with the calcium-sensitive dyes fluo-3 and fura-2 were used to study the influence of GABA on neurite calcium levels. GABA (10 μM) evoked a calcium rise in both bicarbonate- and Hepes-based buffers. The calcium rise was greatly reduced after chloride transport was blocked. GABA raised calcium by stimulating the cell body, resulting in an increase in calcium throughout the neuronal cell body and dendritic arbor. GABA also acted locally, stimulating a neuritic calcium rise only in a single dendrite or growth cone. In some neurites and growth cones during early development, GABA generated a greater calcium rise than did glutamate. Bicuculline, a GABAA receptor antagonist, reduced calcium levels in neurites of young synaptically coupled neurons, indicating that ongoing synaptic release of GABA raised neuritic calcium. These data suggest that during early development, GABA may play a significant role in regulating process growth and modulating the formation of early connections in the hypothalamus. Our data support the hypothesis that GABA receptors are functionally active and may play a calcium regulating role similar to that of glutamate in neuronal development. This is particularly true in early development, as later in development GABA's role becomes more inhibitory, and glutamate plays the primary excitatory role. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
A Practical 2,3-Pyridyne Precursor (1992)

Abstract 3-Bromo-2-chloro-4-methoxypyridine has been developed as a practical 2,3-pyridyne precursor. The substituted 2,3-pyridyne generated from this precursor by halogen-metal exchange has been found to react regioselectively with 2-methoxyfuran and 2-methylfuran.
Relaxin-Like Factor Expression as a Marker of Differentiation in the Mouse Testis and Ovary<sup>1</sup> (1998)

Expression of the relaxin-like factor (RLF) was studied at the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels in the testes and ovaries of the mouse, as well as through testicular development and differentiation in the mouse testis. In situ hybridization or RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry using a polyclonal antibody raised against a recombinant protein, provided mutually confirmatory results for a high expression of RLF in the Leydig cells of the adult testis and at a much lower level of expression in the luteal cells of the ovary through the cycle, pregnancy, and in lactation. Analysis of protein and mRNA expression, through postnatal testicular development, indicated moderate RLF expression also in the fetal population of Leydig cells, even in the hpg mutant mouse, lacking an active pituitary-gonadal axis. Prepubertal Leydig cells, however, exhibit only very low-level RLF gene expression, this phenotype persisting in the adult hpg mouse. In summary, fetal Leydig cells express RLF in an LH/human CG-independent fashion, whereas LH/human CG is essential to induce RLF expression in the adult-type Leydig cell. In cultured adult Leydig cells or in the mouse tumor MA-10 cell line, RLF mRNA is expressed in a constitutive fashion. RLF thus seems to be a useful marker of Leydig cell differentiation status.
Cytogenetic and molecular findings in 75 clear cell renal cell carcinomas (2005)

Cytogenetic analysis of 75 clear cell renal cell carcinomas (RCC) from adult patients revealed abnormal karyotypes in 59 (79%) tumors. Among structural abnormalities, the most frequent were deletions and unbalanced translocations leading to loss of 3p (found in 68% of karyotypically abnormal tumors), followed by rearrangements of chromosomes 5 (in 37%) and 1 (in 20%). Fifteen unbalanced interchromosomal rearrangements and one reciprocal translocation have not been hitherto reported in clear cell RCC. The most common numerical aberrations were trisomy 7, seen in 44% of tumors, and loss of chromosome Y, detected in 48% of RCCs diagnosed in male patients. In 25 tumors, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis was performed using five polymorphic markers spanning region 3p13-p25. LOH was identified in 10 RCCs with 3p loss detected cytogenetically and 4 karyotypically aberrant tumors without cytogenetic rearrangements of 3p; no LOH was found in 3 tumors with 3p loss seen at the cytogenetic level. Overall, 3p loss was detected by cytogenetic and/or LOH analyses in 75% of RCCs with abnormal karyotype studied. The presence or absence of 3p loss did not correlate with tumor size, nodal involvement, tumor grade or its ability to metastasize. However, karyotypes of metastasizing tumors contained more aberrations than those of non-metastasizing RCCs (5.5 versus 2.9 aberrations per tumor, respectively), and -14/14q-, -17 and -10 were significantly more frequent in metastasizing tumors, suggesting that these aberrations might contribute to the progression of RCC. One patient had t(X;1)(p11.2;p34) as a sole abnormality in the stemline. This is the sixth case with this translocation reported to date. Together with our case, all but 1 RCC with t(X;1)(p11.2;p34) had morphology with a clear cell component, which contrasts these RCCs from tumors harboring t(X;1)(p11.2;q21) that largely had papillary morphology.
MECHANISM OF CANCER CELL INDUCTION (1958)

For the purpose to revealing the mechanism of tumor cell formation some biochemical and morphological analysis have been carried out on the DAB rat hepatoma cells, especially in the changes of enzymatic activities and the morphology of mitochondria. The three dimentional observations of the morphological structure of the hepatoma tissue revealed that the hepatoma cells can grow apart from the capillaries in where the oxygen tension is supposed to be extremely low. Biochemical and cytochemical tests proved the low activities of succinic dehydrogenase, cytochrome C-cytochrome oxidase and catalase in tumor cells, whereas the marked higher activities in the adjacent non-tumorized liver cells. The ferritin, which is supposed to be the iron source of these enzymes, showed not so remarkable change, though a marked increase in the liver cells neighbouring to tumor cells. Observations in the course of tumor induction revealed that DAB uptake makes increase gradually the activities of the just describe enzymes and the quantity of ferritin.These results will show that there is not gradual changes between the cells affected with DAB and the cancer cells, as far as concerning the enzymes belonging to respiratory system, differently from the expectation deduced from the morphological researches The cells affected with DAB are rich in mitochondria having normal structure but hepatoma cells have the mitochondria irregular both in number and shape having the ambiguous cristae. These resutls suport strongly the view that the cancer cell will be born spontaneously by the mutation but not the gradual change from the normal cells.
Analysis and implementation of hybrid switching (1995)

The switching scheme of a point-to-point network determines how packets flow through each node, and is a primary element in determining the network's performance. In this paper, we present and evaluate a new switching scheme called hybrid switching. Hybrid switching dynamically combines both virtual cut-through and wormhole switching to provide higher achievable throughput than wormhole alone, while significantly reducing the buffer space required at intermediate nodes when compared to virtual cut-through. This scheme is motivated by a comparison of virtual cut-through and wormhole switching through cycle-level simulations, and then evaluated using the same methods. To show the feasibility of hybrid switching, as well as to provide a common base for simulating and implementing a variety of switching schemes, we have designed SPIDER, a communication adapter built around a custom ASIC, the Programmable Routing Controller (PRC).
Abstract 942: CYP3A4 epoxygenase mediates hypoxia-induced biosynthesis of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (±)-11,12- and (±)-14,15-EET in breast cancer cells (2012)

Abstract Introduction: CYP3A4 has recently been implicated in the growth of breast cancer cell proliferation but whether it promotes cell proliferation under conditions of hypoxia is unknown. This autocrine/paracrine growth promoting mechanism is dependent on epoxygenase activity, requires epoxygenation of arachidonic acid and can be complemented by add back of (±)-14,15-EET. Ambient tissue oxygen concentrations in tumors range from sub-microM to 50 microM. Methods: Human recombinant CYP3A4 SupersomesTM(BD Bioscience)-catalyzed epoxygenation of arachidonic acid (AA, 100 μM) reaction was performed at 37°C in the presence of a NADPH regenerating system. Oxygen concentration of the reaction solution was varied and rates of oxygen consumption were recorded with an oxygen electrode. Lineweaver Burke analysis was performed to calculate the oxygen Michaelis-Menten constant (Km). MCF7 breast cancer lines stably expressing two different CYP3A4 shRNA expression constructs were exposed to hypoxic conditions ([O2]=50 μM) and EET levels were quantified. Results: The oxygen Km for CYP3A4 was 21 μM. Under hypoxic incubation ([O2]=50 μM), (±)-8,9-EET levels were unaffected but (±)-11,12-EET and (±)-14,15-EET levels were induced 1.5 and 1.3-fold (P&lt;0.05; Student t-test). The MCF7 CYP3A4 knock down line 3-18 line, which exhibits 80% knock down of CYP3A4, exhibited no response to hypoxia compared to the MCF7 non-target (NT) line, which exhibited 1.25 and 1.33 fold increase of (±)-11,12- and (±)-14,15-EET respectively. Remarkably, (±)-8,9-EET exhibited no induction under hypoxic conditions. Conclusions: These results indicate that CYP3A4, which is known to promote breast cancer cell proliferation, is responsive to oxygen under ambient conditions comparable to those found in hypoxic tissues, exhibiting a Km of 21 μM. These results also indicate that hypoxia induces EETs in the breast cancer line, in a fashion dependent on CYP3A4. CYP3A4 therefore provides the majority of EETs induced in breast cancer cells under conditions of hypoxia and may contribute to autocrine and paracrine breast cancer growth signals under these conditions. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 942. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-942
WindMine: Fast and Effective Mining of Web-click Sequences (2011)

Given a large stream of users clicking on web sites, how can we find trends, patterns and anomalies? We have developed a novel method, WindMine, and its fine-tuning sibling, WindMine-part, to find patterns and anomalies in such datasets. Our approach has the following advantages: (a) it is effective in discovering meaningful “building blocks” and patterns such as the lunch-break trend and anomalies, (b) it automatically determines suitable window sizes, and (c) it is fast, with its wall clock time linear on the duration of sequences. Moreover, it can be made sub-quadratic on the number of sequences (WindMine-part), with little loss of accuracy. We examine the effectiveness and scalability by performing experiments on 67 GB of real data (one billion clicks for 30 days). Our proposed WindMine does produce concise, informative and interesting patterns. We also show that WindMine-part can be easily implemented in a parallel or distributed setting, and that, even in a single-machine setting, it can be an order of magnitude faster (up to 70 times) than the plain version.
The Role of C-Reactive Protein on the Long-Term Clinical Outcome after Primary or Rescue Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (2003)

A high incidence of cardiogenic shock and worse long-term survival after PCI are observed in AMI patients with an elevated CRP.
Heuristic Generation of Driving Input and Control of Brachiation Robot (1994)

This paper deals with a new type of dynamically mobile robot developed by modeling a gibbon, which is a long-armed ape that moves from branch to branch swinging its body like a pendulum. Since it makes use of gravity to swing, it does not use much force to move. The manner of moving like a gibbon is called brachiation. In this paper, we present a new method to control a brachiation robot and describe the results of simulations using a two-link-model robot. The main subject of this study is how to control it naturally and dynamically while taking advantage of gravity. First, we introduce a heuristic approach in which locomotive forces are generated by the robot itself after familiarizing repetitions. Next, we show that interpolation utilizing the spline function between heuristically generated driving inputs creates new forces that can accommodate the robot to previously unexperienced conditions. We also show that trajectory feedback control based on feedforward control achieves natural and dynamical locomotion of the brachiation robot.