gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Potential Enhanced Performances in Radiation Transport Analysis on Structured Mesh Grids Made Available by BOT3P (2007)

This paper aims to stimulate research and to focus the attention of deterministic radiation transport code developers and users on further methodologies in transport analysis that some recent additions to the code package BOT3P potentially make possible in structured Cartesian or cylindrical mesh grids simulating complex geometries. In particular, BOT3P Version 5.0 can compute the possible area/volume error of material zones due to the stair-cased geometrical representation and automatically correct material densities in order to conserve masses, as described in a previous BOT3P paper published in Volume 154, Number 2 of Nuclear Science and Engineering to which the present one is logically and strictly related. When calculating areas and volumes refinements or when reducing the problem sizes of a voxelized geometry, typical of medical applications, BOT3P generates binary files that store also a fine submesh grid for each coarse cell at material interfaces. These files were originally conceived only for density correction computation and plotting purposes. However, the availability of such cell data intuitively suggests multistep transport analysis approaches that may combine detailed solutions at material interfaces with acceptable problem sizes and computational times. Reaching this appealing target could let deterministic codes based on structured mesh grid successfully deal with any challenging geometry problem. That might be particularly useful in medical and reactor applications.
Inflatable space structures (1992)

The importance of inflatable structures for activities in space is discussed, and their history is described. The changes in structural principles when such structures are used in a zero-gravity environment are highlighted. Technical issues arising for large precision structures, regarding environment, surface accuracy, analysis and electrical properties are considered. A typical large inflatable antenna structure is examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Molecular study of nosocomial nocardiosis outbreak involving heart transplant recipients (1996)

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis and rRNA gene restriction patterns (ribotyping) were compared as methods of investigating a nosocomial outbreak of nocardiosis involving three heart transplant recipients. No clear distinctions between three clinically related isolates and four unrelated strains were obtained by ribotyping. On the contrary, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis with two selected primers, primers 2650 and DKU49, showed one pattern for the three related isolates and four patterns for the unrelated strains.
The Synthesis of Certain Ketones and Carbinols Containing Perfluoroalkyl Groups<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Synthesis of Certain Ketones and Carbinols Containing Perfluoroalkyl Groups1Thomas F. McGrath and Robert LevineCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 13, 3656–3658Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01618a075https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01618a075research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views382Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Relating the energy of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mo>[</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Xe</mml:mi><mml:mo>]</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>5</mml:mn><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>configuration of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ce</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>in inorganic compounds with anion polarizability and cation electronegativity (2002)

Recently, the energy of all five levels of the $[\mathrm{Xe}]5d$ configuration of ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$ in 63 different fluorides and oxides have become available. It provides values for the barycenter shift of the $5d$ configuration. This shift was analyzed by a model that involves the polarizability of the anion ligands, and values for the in-crystal anion polarizability were obtained. In this work, for ${\mathrm{Ce}}^{3+}$ in both the oxides and the fluorides, a linear relationship between the anion polarizability and the inverse square of the average electronegativity of the cations in the compounds is demonstrated. With few parameters, the magnitude of the nephelauxetic effect in inorganic compounds can now be predicted. More importantly, insights are provided on the relationship between physical and chemical properties of compounds and the luminescent properties of lanthanides.
An angle recoding method for CORDIC algorithm implementation (1993)

The coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC), an iterative arithmetic algorithm for computing generalized vector rotations without performing multiplications, is discussed. For applications where the angle of rotation is known in advance, a method to speed up the execution of the CORDIC algorithm by reducing the total number of iterations is presented. This is accomplished by using a technique called angle recoding, which encodes the desired rotation angle as a linear combination of very few elementary rotation angles. Each of these elementary rotation angles takes one CORDIC iteration to compute. The fewer the number of elementary rotation angles, the fewer the number of iterations are required. A greedy algorithm which takes only O(n/sup 2/) operations is developed to perform CORDIC angle recoding. It is proven that this algorithm is able to reduce the total number of required elementary rotation angles by at least 50% without affecting the computational accuracy.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Location System based on Sensor Fusion: Research Areas and Software Architecture (2005)

Abstract: Information about the current position of a mobile device is required by context-aware applications. An inexpensive, pervasive, all-purpose location system is not yet available. This paper discusses approaches of different location systems and provides an insight in our ongoing research work, in particular for indoor locations. 1
The American Landscape (2013)

American landscapes are some of the most well-known images of any kind - the Manhattan skyline, Monument Valley, the Grand Canyon and Niagara Falls are instantly recognisable in a thousand ads and TV shows. But how have these places come to be as they are, and why are some places familiar while others are quite unknown? This book introduces the reader to the changing face of the American environment, tracing the way in which the present array of forests and farms, parks and highways, cities and suburbs has come about, and how these changes have been thought about, painted and turned into movie sets. From Thelma and Louise to Northern Exposure, the book concludes that the American landscape is what Americans have made of their surroundings.
Fuzzy logic process controller (2002)

The application of a hierarchical structure for the design of a fuzzy logic process controller is described. With this hierarchical structure, the number of rules constituting a fuzzy controller will increase linearly and not exponentially with the number of system variables. An example in which the hierarchical fuzzy control method is used to control the feedwater flow of the steam generator of a power plant is described. The effectiveness of the fuzzy controller is studied through simulation for several disturbances. The results show that the fuzzy controller yields better performance than a proportional, integral, and derivative (PID) controller in terms of less risetime and less overshoot for feedwater flow and maintenance of drum level at the desired value
The tetracycline repressor of pSC101. (1985)

We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the gene for the repressor of the pSC101 tetracycline resistance element (tetR). The repressor gene is transcribed divergently from the gene that encodes the resistance protein and encodes a putative protein of 219 amino acids. The genetic organizations of the three major types of bacterial tetracycline resistance elements thus appear to be equivalent, even though they do not show substantial nucleic acid similarity. The pSC101 repressor protein is 80% identical with the Tn 1721 repressor over its N-terminal 150 residues, whereas the C-termini of the two species are only 35% identical. Examination of the nucleic acid sequences of the regions between the two divergent promoters suggests a model in which two dimers of the tetracycline repressor molecule interact at two adjacent dyad repeats. The dimers may interact with each other, thus strengthening their grip on the operator, and affect transcription of the repressor gene. Comparison of the tetracycline (Tet) repressor with the lambda repressor suggests that the N-terminal region of the Tet repressor forms a helix-turn-helix structure and interacts with DNA in the major groove. The region of the Tet repressor implicated in DNA binding shows significant sequence similarity to a region of histone H4, suggesting that the histone may bind to DNA by means of a similar structural motif.
Chlorination of N-acetyltyrosine with HOCl, chloramines, and myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride system. (2001)

N-acetyl-L-tyrosine (N-acTyr), with the alpha amine residue blocked by acetylation, can mimic the reactivity of exposed tyrosyl residues incorporated into polypeptides. In this study chlorination of N-acTyr residue at positions 3 and 5 in reactions with NaOCl, chloramines and the myeloperoxidase (MPO)-H2O2-Cl- chlorinating system were invesigated. The reaction of N-acTyr with HOCl/OCl- depends on the reactant concentration ratio employed. At the OCl-/N-acTyr (molar) ratio 1:4 and pH 5.0 the chlorination reaction yield is about 96% and 3-chlorotyrosine is the predominant reaction product. At the OCl-/N-acTyr molar ratio 1:1.1 both 3-chlorotyrosine and 3,5-dichlorotyrosine are formed. The yield of tyrosine chlorination depends also on pH, amounting to 100% at pH 5.5, 91% at pH 4.5 and 66% at pH 3.0. Replacing HOCl/OCl- by leucine/chloramine or alanine/chloramine in the reaction system, at pH 4.5 and 7.4, produces trace amount of 3-chlorotyrosine with the reaction yield of about 2% only. Employing the MPO-H2O2-Cl- chlorinating system at pH 5.4, production of a small amount of N-acTyr 3-chloroderivative was observed, but the reaction yield was low due to the rapid inactivation of MPO in the reaction system. The study results indicate that direct chlorination of tyrosyl residues which are not incorporated into the polypeptide structure occurs with excess HOCl/OCl- in acidic media. Due to the inability of the myeloperoxidase-H2O2-Cl- system to produce high enough HOCl concentrations, the MPO-mediated tyrosyl residue chlorination is not effective. Semistable amino-acid chloramines also appeared not effective as chlorine donors in direct tyrosyl chlorination.
Homologous recombination at the border: Insertion-deletions and the trapping of foreign DNA in <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (2002)

Integration of foreign DNA was observed in the Gram-positive human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) after transformation with DNA from a recombinant Escherichia coli bacteriophage lamda carrying a pneumococcal insert. Segments of lamda DNA replaced chromosomal sequences adjacent to the region homologous with the pneumococcal insert, whence the name insertion-deletion. Here we report that a pneumococcal insert was absolutely required for insertion-deletion formation, but could be as short as 153 bp; that the sizes of foreign DNA insertions (289-2,474 bp) and concomitant chromosomal deletions (45-1,485 bp) were not obviously correlated; that novel joints clustered preferentially within segments of high GC content; and that the crossovers in 29 independent novel joints were located 1 bp from the border or within short (3-10 nt long) stretches of identity (microhomology) between resident and foreign DNA. The data are consistent with a model in which the insert serving as a homologous recombination anchor favors interaction and subsequent illegitimate recombination events at microhomologies between foreign and resident sequences. The potential of homology- directed illegitimate recombination for genome evolution was illustrated by the trapping of functional heterologous genes.
Structural-group composition and properties of heavy oil asphaltenes modified with sulfuric acid (2016)

Details of the change of structural-group composition of heavy oil asphaltenes modified with sulfuric acid and oleum depending on the process conditions have been determined. The effect of the amount and concentration of sulfuric acid, exposure time, and elevated pressure has been evaluated. The formation of sulfo-, sulfono-, phenolic hydroxyl, carboxylic, and carbonyl functional groups has been detected in Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra for the obtained sulfonated asphaltenes. Spectral coefficients have been calculated for asphaltenes and products of their sulfonation according to the main absorption bands in FT-IR spectra. Analysis of spectral coefficients has indicated the relationship of the fraction of newly formed functional groups in sulfonated asphaltenes and process conditions of sulfuric acid modification. The obtained sulfonated asphaltenes have been analyzed as sulfocationites with the evaluation of sorption capacity. It has been shown that the successive modification of heavy oil asphaltenes with sulfuric acid and oleum gives sulfocationite with the static exchange capacity of 3.39 meq/g. The relationship of spectral coefficients and sorption characteristics of sulfonated asphaltenes has been determined.
Gold(I)-Mediated C−H Activation of Arenes (2010)

We demonstrate the first Au(I)-mediated C-H activation of arenes. Au(I) salts undergo C-H activation with electron-poor arenes, in stark contrast to Au(III) salts, which activate electron-rich arenes. This operationally simple and highly regioselective process occurs under very mild conditions and gives access to a variety of Au(I)-arene complexes in excellent yields.
Anserini (2017)

Software toolkits play an essential role in information retrieval research. Most open-source toolkits developed by academics are designed to facilitate the evaluation of retrieval models over standard test collections. Efforts are generally directed toward better ranking and less attention is usually given to scalability and other operational considerations. On the other hand, Lucene has become the de facto platform in industry for building search applications (outside a small number of companies that deploy custom infrastructure). Compared to academic IR toolkits, Lucene can handle heterogeneous web collections at scale, but lacks systematic support for evaluation over standard test collections. This paper introduces Anserini, a new information retrieval toolkit that aims to provide the best of both worlds, to better align information retrieval practice and research. Anserini provides wrappers and extensions on top of core Lucene libraries that allow researchers to use more intuitive APIs to accomplish common research tasks. Our initial efforts have focused on three functionalities: scalable, multi-threaded inverted indexing to handle modern web-scale collections, streamlined IR evaluation for ad hoc retrieval on standard test collections, and an extensible architecture for multi-stage ranking. Anserini ships with support for many TREC test collections, providing a convenient way to replicate competitive baselines right out of the box. Experiments verify that our system is both efficient and effective, providing a solid foundation to support future research.
Ritual funerario y status social: Los combates gladiatorios prerromanos en la Península Ibérica (1993)

les luttes a caractere funeraire sont bien connues dans le monde classique et hellenistique grecs (scenes du mausolee d'Halicarnasse et sarcophage d'Alexandre). Des rituels semblables, mettant en presence des combats de gladiateurs, existent depuis avant la seconde guerre punique dans la peninsule iberique sans que l'on puisse etre sur d'une quelconque influence
A model for multilevel security in computer networks (1990)

A model is presented that precisely describes the mechanism that enforces the security policy and requirements for a multilevel secure network. The mechanism attempts to ensure secure flow of information between entities assigned to different security classes in different computer systems connected to the network. The mechanism also controls the access to the network devices by the subjects (users and processes executed on behalf of the users) with different security clearances. The model integrates the notions of nondiscretionary access control and information flow control to provide a trusted network base that imposes appropriate restrictions on the flow of information among the various devices. Utilizing simple set-theoretic concepts, a procedure is given to verify the security of a network that implements the model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A new lighting model for computer graphics (2002)

A new lighting model called the natural sun lighting model is presented in this paper. In the model, a new function named cloud density distribution function is used to simulate the cloud in the sky, and the sky dome is considered as the source of the sunlight.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
La agencia comercial y los sistemas de distribución en el arbitraje internacional (2010)

Resumen es: En este articulo se discute si el arbitraje internacional se puede utilizar como mecanismo para eliminar la proteccion dada a los agentes comerciales por...
Are continuous therapies superior to intermittent haemodialysis for acute renal failure on the intensive care unit? (1995)

upon the efficiency of CRRT, comparative data is scanty. This has led to considerable controversy as to which specific form of dialytic support should be preferred in this group of patients [2,3].
Prostaglandins: their actions on the gastrointestinal tract (1974)

Prostaglandins both stimulate and inhibit intestinal motility, inhibit gastric acid secretion, and influence glucose and glycogen metabolism in the liver. Their mechanisms of action have not been clearly defined, although it appears certain that their effects are closely involved with the adenylate cyclase-cyclic adenosine monophosphate system. Neither has it been determined whether these compounds play a role in gastrointestinal physiology. There are studies, however, to indirectly support this hypothesis. Similarities exist between the effects of cholera toxin, other bacterial toxins, and prostaglandin on water and electrolyte movement in the small intestine. Prostaglandins may play a role in the pathogenesis of the diarrhea and shock associated with bacterial infections. Prostaglandin analogues that promise to provide an effective means of decreasing gastric acid secretion in man are now being tested.
File Assignment in a Star Network. (1977)

Radiologic evidence of pre-treatment abnormal IM chain lymph nodes was associated with advanced stage, high grade, and negative estrogen receptor status. The majority of positive lymph nodes were located within the first two intercostal spaces, while none were below the third. Radiation of the IM chain in combination with modern systemic therapy was effective in achieving locoregional control without surgical resection in this cohort of patients.
Methods of calibration for different functions of a SCR-system (2018)

The goal of this research is to try and compare different methods ofcalibration in order to tune the parameters of the pumping and tankheater monitoring functions of the AdBlue Delivery Module of a SelectiveCatalytic Reduction (SCR) system. The goal of the SCR systemis to reduce the emission of NOx gases, which are considered as greenhousegases.In a first step, while calibrating the parameters of the pumping function,a real-time calibration method has been used. The advantage inthis process is that a detailed model of the system is not needed totune it. Then, the tank heater monitoring function has been calibratedthrough simulations. The understanding of the system is better in thiscase, which could help tuning it more effectively.The results shows that both methods should ensure the proper functioningof the system. However, the parameters found in this studycould not be totally approved without being tested on vehicle, in reallifeconditions. Moreover, as the priority is to avoid the malfunctionof the system, the chosen parameters might not be the optimal ones interms of performance.With these two methods, most of the systems could be calibrated. Thechoice of the method should be done according to the initial level ofknowledge of the object of study
Computational framework for simulating the mechanisms and ECG of re-entrant ventricular fibrillation (2002)

Ventricular arrhythmias remain an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. Although the underlying mechanisms of these arrhythmias can be studied experimentally, these investigations are in general limited to mapping electrical activity on the heart surface. Computational models of action potential propagation offer a potentially powerful way to study electrical activation and arrhythmias, but current models are not easy to link to the clinical environment. In this paper, we describe a framework for computing action potential propagation in which the geometry, electrophysiology and regional properties of ventricular myocardium can be specified so that, for example, different models for cardiac cellular electrophysiology can be used. We have computed action potential propagation during both normal beats and re-entry in an anatomically accurate model of ventricular geometry. By computing the resultant electric current flow in the torso we have also generated simulated ECG signals that result from specific activation patterns in the ventricular model. Models can be powerful tools for explaining observations, and this approach is able to provide a direct link between the different configurations of re-entry observed in computational and experimental studies, and the ECG signals observed in patients.