gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Addiction to opioids in chronic pain patients: A literature review (2006)

Opioids have proven very useful for treatment of acute pain and cancer pain, and in the developed countries opioids are increasingly used for treatment of chronic non-malignant pain patients as well. This literature review aims at giving an overview of definitions, mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, incidence and prevalence of addiction in opioid treated pain patients, screening tools for assessing opioid addiction in chronic pain patients and recommendations regarding addiction problems in national and international guidelines for opioid treatment in cancer patients and chronic non-malignant pain patients. The review indicates that the prevalence of addiction varied from 0% up to 50% in chronic non-malignant pain patients, and from 0% to 7.7% in cancer patients depending of the subpopulation studied and the criteria used. The risk of addiction has to be considered when initiating long-term opioid treatment as addiction may result in poor pain control. Several screening tools were identified, but only a few were thoroughly validated with respect to validity and reliability. Most of the identified guidelines mention addiction as a potential problem. The guidelines in cancer pain management are concerned with the fact that pain may be under treated because of fear of addiction, and the guidelines in management of non-malignant pain patients include warnings of addiction. According to the literature, it seems appropriate and necessary to be aware of the problems associated with addiction during long-term opioid treatment, and specialised treatment facilities for pain management or addiction medicine should be consulted in these cases.
Ambiguities in AVO inversion of reflections from a gas-sand (1995)

Abstract We examine the reflections from a thick sand layer embedded in shales deposited in an open marine environment of Miocene age. Borehole data indicate that the sand bed is gas saturated. Making the assumptions of single interface reflections, plane-wave propagation in elastic and isotropic media, and correct amplitude recovery of the actual seismic data, we try to invert the amplitude variation with offset (AVO) response for the compressional velocity (alpha 2 ), shear velocity (beta 2 ), and density (rho 2 ) of the gas-sand layer, knowing the parameters of the upper layer and the calibration constant. The actual reflections reach incidence angles up to 54 degrees at the farthest offset. Notwithstanding the large range of incidence angles, the outcomes of the inversion are ambiguous for we find many solutions that fit equally well, in a least-squares sense, the observed AVO response. We present the locus of the solutions as curves in compressional velocity (alpha 2 ), shear velocity (beta 2 ), and density (rho 2 ) space.To gain a better understanding of the results, we also perform the same inversion experiment on synthetic AVO data derived from the borehole information. We find that when inverting the AVO response in the same range of incidence angles as in the real data case, the exact solution is found whichever starting point we choose; that is, we have no ambiguity. However, if we limit the incidence angle range, e.g., to 15 degrees, the inversion is no longer able to find a unique solution and the set of admissible solutions defines regular curves in alpha 2 , beta 2 , rho 2 space. We infer that residual noise in the recorded data is responsible for the ambiguities of the solutions, and that because of numerical noise, a wide range of incidence angle is required to obtain a unique solution even in noise-free synthetic data.
In the Line of Fire (2008)

Soldiers returning home from Iraq are experiencing an increased number of head injuries related to blasts and explosions compared to soldiers of previous conflicts. These injuries are often undetected until the soldiers return home and have difficulty functioning as they did prior to the war. It is therefore important for occupational health nurses to understand blast injury, its pathophysiology, methods for detecting traumatic brain injury, and how these soldiers can be treated.
Capillary Pressure and Permeability Relationships in Tight Gas Sands (1985)

ABSTRACT An improved technique for determination of the Swanson Petrophysical parameter, (Sb/Pc)A for correlating permeability with capillary pressure data has been developed. (Pc/Sb)1/2 as a function of Sb, yields a well defined minimum which corresponds to the values of Pc and Sb from the Swanson graphical method. The improved technique leads to ease of computer determination of the parameter. The relationships developed by Swanson for correlating permeability with capillary pressure work well for samples with permeabilities greater than 10 microdarcies. A new relationship between the Swanson parameter and permeability has been developed for tight gas sands which leads to a more accurate permeability prediction below 10 microdarcies. Mercury capillary pressure data at wetting phase saturations higher than 50% are approximately a factor of 10 greater than centrifuge air-brine capillary pressure for tight gas sands. This contrasts with the more commonly assumed value of 5. Consequently gas-water relative permeabilities computed from mercury injection capillary pressure data will result in predictions of higher water-gas ratios than the air-brine data. Optimistic cleanup times for tight gas wells completed in water-base fluids would, therefore, be deduced from the mercury injection data.
Comparison of Two Types of Mechanical Assistance in Experimental Heart Failure (1960)

In open-chest dog experiments, 7 different types of cardiac failure were produced. In each type of failure, the effect of veno-arterial pumping and of left ventricular bypass (blood pumped from the left atrium to femoral artery) was investigated. Pressures were recorded in the left ventricle, the left atrium, the right ventricle, and the femoral artery. Veno-arterial pumping reversed failure of the right ventricle. It also was beneficial when overtransfusion had aggravated failure of the right or left ventricles, except in pre-existing aortic insufficiency. Veno-arterial pumping markedly increased decompensation of the left heart in the majority of observations, even though it occasionally reduced pressures in the left atrium and the right ventricle. The experiments suggest the use of veno-arterial pumping or of partial bypass with a heart-lung machine in acute cor pulmonale and in pulmonary congestion caused by abnormalities of the mitral valve where the left ventricle remains compensated. Veno-arterial pumping appears contraindicated in true failure of the left ventricle. Left ventricular bypass always restored compensation in all types of heart failure except cor pumonale. The experiments suggest the clinical use of left ventricular bypass in left heart failure.
Fertility preservation medicine: A new field in the care of young cancer survivors (2009)

Treatment modalities for numerous oncological and non-oncological conditions result in gonadal insufficiency and infertility. Furthermore, pelvic-abdominal radiation may result in uterine damage resulting in poor reproductive outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and spontaneous abortion in adult survivors of childhood cancers. In response to the recognition of the impact of cancer treatments on fertility, several fertility preservation techniques have been developed. In prepubertal children, fertility preservation options are usually limited to ovarian cryopreservation because of sexual immaturity, but oocyte freezing can be performed in adolescent children. Two prospective randomized studies showed no benefit of gonadal suppression with GnRH analogs to preserve gonadal function and thus this treatment should not be recommended. For adult survivors of childhood cancer who experienced reproductive failure, third party reproduction techniques are highly successful.
Antitumor Necrosis Factor Therapy Is Associated With Improved Survival in Clinical Sepsis Trials (2013)

Antitumor necrosis factor agents produced a modest but significant decrease in the risk of dying with sepsis. Prior individual trials failed to demonstrate benefit, likely because they were underpowered. A definitive trial demonstrating the potential benefit of such agents might require 10,000 or more patients with sepsis.
Cutting the last wires for mobile communications by microwave power transfer (2015)

The advancements in microwave power transfer (MPT) over recent decades have enabled wireless power transfer over long distances. The latest breakthroughs in wireless communication - massive MIMO, small cells, and millimeterwave communication - make wireless networks suitable platforms for implementing MPT. This can lead to the elimination of the “last wires” connecting mobile devices to the grid for recharging, thereby tackling a huge long-standing ICT challenge. Furthermore, the seamless integration between MPT and wireless communication opens up a new area called wirelessly powered communications (WPC) where many new research directions arise, such as simultaneous information and power transfer, WPC network architectures, and techniques for safe and efficient WPC. This article provides an introduction to WPC by describing the key features of WPC, shedding light on a set of frequently asked questions, and identifying the key design issues and discussing possible solutions.
Highly water-soluble platinum(ii) complexes as GLUT substrates for targeted therapy: improved anticancer efficacy and transporter-mediated cytotoxic properties (2013)

Glucose-conjugated malonato-platinum(II) complexes are designed and synthesized to target tumor-specific active transporters, namely, glucose transporters (GLUTs); the complexes exhibit much higher aqueous solubility by 150 times, improved potency in cytotoxicities by 10 times, and increased therapeutic index by over 30 fold compared to the newest generation of clinical drugs oxaliplatin.
Max-Schmeling-Halle, Berlin, Prenzlauer Berg (1996) (1997)

ZusammenfassungDie Max-Schmeling-Halle wäre ein Stoff, an dem Hollywood Gefallen finden könnte. Durch den Basketball- Club Alba hat der Ort in denkbar kürzester Zeit einen Nimbus bekommen. Aber auch architektonisch steckt in dem Gebäude eine Erfolgsgeschichte: Ein junges Architektenteam, das gerade einmal einen Laden umgebaut hat, setzt sich in einem Wettbewerb gegen internationale Konkurrenz durch und erhält danach tatsächlich den Auftrag. Es folgt der Kampf um den Bau, begleitet von beständigen Kürzungen und einem immer umfangreicheren Nutzungs- programm. Dennoch gelingt es den Newcomern, auf alle Bedenken des vielköpfigen Bauherrn eine Antwort zu finden. Und am Tage der Eröffnung, als die zuvor in West- Berlin beheimatete Mannschaft von Alba mit ihren Fans in den Osten zieht, ereignet sich der Triumph.
Noise Modeling For Charge Amplification and Sampling (2006)

A new cyclostationarity-based analytical model for noise analysis of a charge amplifier followed by a correlated double sampling (CDS) circuit is proposed. It determines output noise (power spectral density and squared voltage) resulting from input noise voltages and currents. Model validation is performed by comparing the obtained results with those of temporal noise simulations. This model allows analysis of consequences of CDS and integration duration on noise contributions. It predicts that CDS does not suppress or attenuate effect of input current sources. In the case of 1/f input noise current, the SNR can not be improved by increasing the integration duration.
Notice of Retraction: Cardio-Protective Effects of Total Flavonoids from Dracocephalum moldavica L. on Acute Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats (2011)

This article has been retracted by the publisher.
DOBBS: Towards a Comprehensive Dataset to Study the Browsing Behavior of Online Users (2013)

The investigation of the browsing behavior of users provides useful information to optimize web site design, web browser design, search engines offerings, and online advertisement. This has been a topic of active research since the Web started and a large body of work exists. However, new online services as well as advances in Web and mobile technologies clearly changed the meaning behind "browsing the Web" and require a fresh look at the problem and research, specifically in respect to whether the used models are still appropriate. Platforms such as YouTube, Netflix or last.fm have started to replace the traditional media channels (cinema, television, radio) and media distribution formats (CD, DVD, Blu-ray). Social networks (e.g., Facebook) and platforms for browser games attracted whole new, particularly less tech-savvy audiences. Furthermore, advances in mobile technologies and devices made browsing "on-the-move" the norm and changed the user behavior as in the mobile case browsing is often being influenced by the user's location and context in the physical world. Commonly used datasets, such as web server access logs or search engines transaction logs, are inherently not capable of capturing the browsing behavior of users in all these facets. DOBBS (DERI Online Behavior Study) is an effort to create such a dataset in a non-intrusive, completely anonymous and privacy-preserving way. To this end, DOBBS provides a browser add-on that users can install, which keeps track of their browsing behavior (e.g., how much time they spent on the Web, how long they stay on a website, how often they visit a website, how they use their browser, etc.). In this paper, we outline the motivation behind DOBBS, describe the add-on and captured data in detail, and present some first results to highlight the strengths of DOBBS.
Microwave Cavity for High Temperature Electron Spin Resonance Measurements (1961)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation L. S. Singer, W. H. Smith, G. Wagoner; Microwave Cavity for High Temperature Electron Spin Resonance Measurements. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 1 February 1961; 32 (2): 213–214. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1717324 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioReview of Scientific Instruments Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Predicting Shipping Time with Machine Learning (2019)

With the globalization of trade, transit time reliability has become a critical point in the shipping industry\nas irregularities will lead to more delays further down the supply chain. Our sponsoring company, A.P.\nMøller – Mærsk A/S (Maersk) provides freight forwarding services to its clients, offering them a complete\nset of supply chain solutions for shipping their goods across the world. Currently Maersk uses an in-house\ntool, Harmony, which provides descriptive analytics for shipment times and their variations based on\nhistorical distributions. However, Maersk is facing commercial pressure from its customers for a better\nestimation of its shipment transit time reliability, which has become a key measurement of its operational\nperformance. The goal of our project was to determine whether Machine Learning and predictive analytics\ncan improve the estimated time of arrival for a shipment. Using Machine Learning computing, we\ndeveloped a model capable of predicting shipping times by training the algorithms on historical shipment\ndata, and incorporating external sources of data related to the most impactful factors regarding schedule\nreliability (e.g. holiday seasons and port congestion levels). We found that Machine Learning in this\ninstance might be a partial answer to this problem, as it performs better on long lead time than on short lead\ntime when comparing to more classical approaches. Our model has a mean absolute error (MAE) of 3.74\ndays when making a prediction at the time of booking transportation whereas our baseline model (which\nonly considers historical average transit times on a shipping lane) predicts with a 4.3 days MAE at the same\ntime. When making a prediction at the time the vessel leaves the port of origin, the two models actually\nperform similarly, with a MAE of 2.1 days for both.
Comparison of clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide, tretinoin plus clindamycin, and the combination of clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide and tretinoin plus clindamycin in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized, blinded study. (2005)

In the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris, the combination of an antibiotic and benzoyl peroxide provides enhanced efficacy over the individual agents, with the potential to decrease the emergence of resistant strains of P. acnes. To evaluate treatment regimens combining the daily use of a clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide gel, a tretinoin gel, and a clindamycin gel, the current randomized, evaluator-blind study was conducted. Results demonstrate that once-daily administration of clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide gel (combination formulation) was as effective as clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide gel + tretinoin gel + clindamycin gel. Both of these regimens provided greater efficacy than tretinoin + clindamycin. Treatment with clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide demonstrated a significant benefit over other treatments at Week 2, highlighting its rapid onset of action. All regimens were safe and generally well tolerated, with less severe peeling seen in patients who received clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide. In conclusion, the regimens that included clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide were more effective than tretinoin + clindamycin in the treatment of acne vulgaris, with no clinical advantage of adding tretinoin + clindamycin to once-daily clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide treatment.
Marketing, Business Processes, and Shareholder Value: An Organizationally Embedded View of Marketing Activities and the Discipline of Marketing (1999)

The authors develop a framework for understanding the integration of marketing with business processes and shareholder value. The framework redefines marketing phenomena as embedded in three core business processes that generate value for customers—product development management, supply chain management, and customer relationship management—which in turn creates shareholder value. Such a conceptualization of marketing has the potential to introduce dramatic shifts in the scope, content, and influence of marketing in the organization. The authors highlight the implications of an organizationally embedded view of marketing for the future of marketing theory and practice.
Seismic Surface Wave Technique for Agricultural Applications (2011)

A laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) based multi-channel analysis of surface wave (MASW) method has recently been developed. in the method, an electro-mechanical shaker was used as a seismic source operating in a frequency sweeping mode to excite Rayleigh waves propagating through the surface. the surface vibrations along a straight line were detected by a moving LDV. Unlike conventional MASWs that explore soil profile from a few meters to a few tens of meters below the ground, the present MASW investigates soil depth from a few centimeters to a few meters due to its high frequency excitation and high spatial resolution of moving LDV. It is therefore more appropriate for agricultural soils applications. the method could be applied to the studies of soil surface crusting, soil moisture variation, compaction effects, layering, and underground water flow. Several case studies will be presented.
Skeletal muscle SIRT1 and the genetics of metabolic health: therapeutic activation by pharmaceuticals and exercise (2012)

Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) is implicated in the control of skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and function through deacetylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and participation in the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis. The SIRT1/PGC-1α axis control of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis is an important therapeutic target for obesity and obesity-related metabolic dysfunction, as skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple metabolic diseases. This review will establish the importance of the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis in the control of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, and explore possible pharmacological and physiological interventions designed to activate SIRT1 and the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis in order to prevent and/or treat obesity and obesity-related metabolic disease. The current evidence supports a role for therapeutic activation of SIRT1 and the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis by both pharmaceuticals and exercise in the treatment and prevention of metabolic disease. Future research should be directed toward the feasibility of pharmaceutical activation of SIRT1 in humans and refining exercise prescriptions for optimal SIRT1 activation.
Mathematical Modelling: Case studies from industry (2002)

There is a growing need in today's world to support the study of industrial problems with an appropriate analysis anchored in the underlying basic physical principles that are involved and their description in mathematical terms. With the increasing availability of ever-improving computational facilities, it is all the more important to ensure that a balanced understanding of the problem is based on sound physical principles that concentrate on effects of leading importance and to ensure that secondary effects are appropriately considered. This process requires a proper consideration of mathematical techniques that often concentrate on partial differential equations to formulate the equations of motion and to achieve their solution. This involves an appreciation of a wide range of techniques, both analytical as well as numerical, ranging from underlying symmetries to asymptotic techniques. The purpose of this book is to address a selection of a wide-ranging set of typical industrial problems highlighting just these very features in a balanced way.
Flow Cytometric Analysis of Micronuclei in the CD2 ± Subpopulation of Human Lymphocytes Enriched by Magnetic Separation (1995)

An improved flow cytometric method for the scoring of micronuclei in human lymphocytes irradiated in vitro is presented. Because, especially in cultivated human lymphocytes, unspecific DNA-containing debris from dying cells can influence the measured frequency of micronuclei, a preselection of CD2 + population was performed before preparation of the suspension of micronuclei and nuclei. Magnetic separation using anti-CD2 antibody-conjugated magnetic beads were used for this purpose. The results obtained by this improved flow cytometric technique were compared with results obtained by microscopic scoring using the CB technique. No correlation was found when the individual values in unirradiated controls were compared, due mainly to the presence of DNA-containing particles from fragmented cell nuclei and other unspecific debris. The averaged data from nine dose-effect curves simultaneously analysed by both techniques showed a linear-quadratic dose dependence with alpha and beta's that were similar for flow cytometry and for microscopic scoring. Only the constant term was higher for the flow cytometric results. A correlation between both techniques applied to individual data at doses > 0.2 Gy could also be demonstrated. It is concluded that a dose estimation of man exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation can at present not be improved by the flow cytometric technique.