gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effects of ultraviolet-ozone-treated ultra-thin MnO-doped ZnO film as anode buffer layer on the electrical characteristics of organic light-emitting diodes (2015)

In this study, the efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) was enhanced by depositing an MnO-doped ZnO film as a buffer layer between the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and the α-naphthylphenylbiphenyldiamine hole transport layer. The enhancement mechanism was systematically investigated, and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy results revealed the formation of the UV-ozone-treated MnO-doped ZnO film. With this film, the work function increased from 4.8 eV (standard ITO electrode (∼10±5 Ω/◻)) to 5.27 eV (UV-ozone-treated MnO-doped ZnO deposited on the ITO electrode with 1 wt. % for 1 nm), while the surface roughness of the UV-ozone-treated MnO-doped ZnO film was smoother than that of the ITO electrode. The deposited UV-ozone-treated MnO-doped ZnO film increased the surface energy and polarity of the ITO surface, as determined from contact angle measurements. Further, results from admittance spectroscopy showed that the inserted UV-ozone-treated MnO-doped ZnO film increased the capacitance and conductance of the OLEDs. It was also found that the carrier injection increased in the space-charge region when the UV-ozone-treated MnO-doped ZnO buffer layer was inserted. Moreover, the turn-on voltage of the devices decreased from 3.8 V to 3.2 V, the luminance increased from 7588 cd/m2 to 20 350 cd/m2, and the current efficiency increased from 3.2 cd/A to 5.8 cd/A when a 1 nm-thick UV-ozone-treated MnO-doped ZnO film with 1 wt. % was inserted as a buffer layer in the OLEDs.
Dual-gate mesfet variable-gain constant-output power amplifier (1980)

Phase I of this study proved the feasibility of the variable-gain, constant-output power amplifier from the chosen approach by demonstrating a breadboard model. During Phase II, the development of the final packaged amplifier with improved performance, the following tasks were completed: (1) a dual-gate FET amplifier was redesigned to obtain more gain (10 dB) over the band; (2) a video amplifier was designed and developed for higher gain (40 dB); and (3) circulators were eliminated to reduce the size of the amplifier. This amplifier was demonstrated to operate over a 3-GHz band (4.5 to 7.5 GHz) and to provide an output power of 3 + or - 2 dBm over its entire dynamic range of -45 to 0 dBm of input power. The linear ACG amplifier developed under this program has the following key features. (1) It preserves amplitude modulation of the incoming signal. (2) It can perform normal AGC function under a multiple-pulse condition. This characteristic may prove to be very useful for handling multiple threats. (3) It is very versatile. It can provide separate ports to facilitate output power level adjustment and input signal detection and monitoring. (4) It has very fast response. The rise time and fall time of this amplifier are better than 15 ns which is limited by the measurement system.
Lens-Integrated Surface-Emitting DFB Laser (2015)

A lens-integrated surface-emitting DFB laser (LISEL) array̶ for next-generation small-size and lowcost optical modules̶ has been developed. Utilizing a short-cavity DFB structure with a high-gain InGaAlAs active layer, the LISEL array achieved high-speed operation up to 40 Gbps at hightemperature. Monolithically integrating a lens on the LISEL array produces a very narrow emission beam (2.6° × 2.2°); as a result, the LISEL array demonstrated large-tolerance optical coupling to an SMF array. These results indicate that the LISEL array is a promising light source for next-generation compact and low-cost optical modules.
The Conversion of Carboxylic Acids to Ketones: A Repeated Discovery (2004)

This article describes the history of the reaction converting carboxylic acids to ketones. The reaction has been rediscovered several times, yet has actually been known for centuries. The best known version of the process is the Dakin–West reaction (1928), which applies to α-amino acids and also involves the simultaneous conversion of the amine group to amido functionality. Unlike other examples, this particular reaction has attracted a reasonable amount of attention and it appears to be better known than the conversion of simple carboxylic acids to ketones. However, this reaction was described as long ago as 1612, when Beguin published an account of it in his book, Tyrocinium Chymicum. Since then, many chemists have rediscovered the reaction, apparently independently. One of the earliest modern accounts was by W. H. Perkin, Sr., in 1886, who made various simple ketones by refluxing the appropriate carboxylic acids with base. However, this work has been largely ignored, including by his son, W. H. Perkin, Jr., who used a more complicated base-catalyzed ketonization to prepare small ring compounds in the early years of the 20th century. Other articles detailing the application of ketonization to organic acids are discussed, including our own work, which employed the process to crosslink carboxylated polymers for possible technical application in coatings. Despite its relative obscurity, the reaction was used by Woodward et al. in the total synthesis of strychnine, reported in 1963, and this is discussed in detail at the end of the article.
Residential demand response from PV panel and energy storage device (2014)

This study proposes an optimal scheduling mechanism for residential appliances in a smart home equipped with photovoltaic panel and energy storage device. The optimal mechanism aims to manage the operation of centralized air conditioner, solar energy input and charging/discharging of energy storage device such that energy consumption cost is minimized. Mixed integer programming technique is applied to obtain optimal solution. For evaluating the effectiveness of proposed strategy, the results obtained from this technique are compared with previously established optimization technique using linear sequential algorithm in combination with price-aware storage algorithm. Results indicate that the proposed strategy have the capability of maximizing the savings in electricity cost. Contribution of this work is the introduction of a real time price based scheduling mechanism that utilizes smart grid capability of feeding power back to the grid.
A colorimetric micro-method for the determination of glycogen in tissues (1954)

Research Article| April 01 1954 A colorimetric micro-method for the determination of glycogen in tissues A. Kemp; A. Kemp 1Pharmaco-therapeutic Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Holland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Adrienne J. M. Kits Van Heijningen Adrienne J. M. Kits Van Heijningen 1Pharmaco-therapeutic Laboratory, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Holland Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1954) 56 (4): 646–648. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0560646 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation A. Kemp, Adrienne J. M. Kits Van Heijningen; A colorimetric micro-method for the determination of glycogen in tissues. Biochem J 1 April 1954; 56 (4): 646–648. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj0560646 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1954 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS1954 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Pulse Superposition Method for Measuring Ultrasonic Wave Velocities in Solids (1961)

The frequently used pulse method of measuring ultrasonic wave velocities in solids involves a high-frequency quartz crystal transducer cemented to one end of a specimen having parallel end faces. The phase shift for waves reflected from the transducer must be considered for highest accuracy. It is shown that combining several measurements of phase delay (at two frequencies differing by approximately 10%) with a theoretical analysis of the reflection phase angle makes possible a determination of velocity to within one part in 5000 for round trip delays greater than 5 μsec. Indirectly, the approximate thickness of the cement bond between transducer and specimen can be determined. The advantages of the method for making measurements as a function of temperature or pressure are discussed.
Theatre nursing (2). (1994)

Lyn Holmes continues her account of how she explored the topic of nursing care in her operating department. She goes on to describe the questionnaire she devised to test theatre nurses attitudes to and knowledge of primary nursing.
The Java syntactic extender (JSE) (2001)

The ability to extend a language with new syntactic forms is a powerful tool. A sufficiently flexible macro system allows programmers to build from a common base towards a language designed specifically for their problem domain. However, macro facilities that are integrated, capable, and at the same time simple enough to be widely used have been limited to the Lisp family of languages to date. In this paper we introduce a macro facility, called the Java Syntactic Extender (JSE), with the superior power and ease of use of Lisp macro sytems, but for Java, a language with a more conventional algebraic syntax. The design is based on the Dylan macro system, but exploits Java's compilation model to offer a full procedural macro engine. In other words, syntax expanders may be implemented in, and so use all the facilities of, the full Java language
The Complete Idiot's Guide to Windows XP (1993)

Many people have a love-hate relationship with their computer. They hate turning it on in the morning and love turning it off at night. Why all the angst? Because computers are nowhere near as easy to use as they should be. Seemingly simple tasks such as composing a memo or printing a file too often turn into heart-stopping, gray-hair-producing adventures. The Complete Idiot's Guide[registered) to Windows XP, Second Edition, provides readers with information to overcome such problems. It shows that there are ways to tame the computing beast and thus pacify the machine into doing one's bidding. With 'just the facts, ma'am', explanations, simple step-by-step instructions, and lots of useful examples, readers see that getting work done in Windows doesn't have to cost their sanity. Coverage includes: straightforward, step-by-step instructions for working with the most common Windows features; up-do-date coverage of Windows XP, including critical information on Service Pack 2; instructions on how to maintain and troubleshoot Windows XP, including a new '10-Step' maintenance program that takes the guesswork out of fine-tuning XP, and new sidebars showing easy to perform 'hacks'; all the basic techniques for working with menus, dialog boxes, windows, and documents, so new users can get off to a good start; extensive coverage of Windows XP's graphic goodies, including working with images, getting pictures from a scanner and digital camera, using Media Player, and much more; lots of material for business users, including chapters on faxing, networking, and using a notebook computer; and, in-depth coverage of Windows XP's Internet features, with special emphasis on Internet Explorer, Outlook Express, and special security features built into XP.
Magnetic Aging of Spinodal Alloys (1963)

The effect of a uniform magnetic field on the mechanism, kinetics, and resulting morphology of a spinodally decomposing alloy is investigated. It is shown that the magnetic field is most effective in forming uniformly spaced rods parallel to the magnetization if the aging is carried out just below the intersection (on the phase diagram) of the Curie temperature and the temperature where the spinodal instability sets in. This condition limits the effective magnetic aging alloys to the composition range near this intersection.
분산 및 병렬처리 : 참조 정보를 이용한 RAID5 제어기의 부하 균형 반출 기법 (2000)

RAID5 제어기의 디스크캐쉬에 저장된 쓰기 요구들은 반출 알고리즘에 의하여 디스크로 쓰여진다. 반출 동작은 병렬 입출력 요구들에 대한 응답 성능에 많은 영향을 주기 때문에 RAID5 제어기의 성능을 향상시키기 위하여 여러 가지 반출 기법들이 연구되었다. 이들 반출 기법들 중 부하 균형 반출 기법은 디스크배열을 이루는 디스크들간의 부하 분포를 고려하여 동적으로 디스크간 부하 균형을 유지하므로 입출력 부하가 큰 경우에 우수한 응답 성능을 보인다. 그러나 부하 균형 반출 알고리즘은 디스크들간의 부하 균형을 유지하는 데에 중점을 두고 있기 때문에 일부 디스크들에 작은 크기의 데이터에 대한 부하가 집중될 경우, 쓰기 데이터들의 참조 지역성에 의한 이득을 충분히 이용하지 못한 채로 디스크간의 부하 균형을 유지하려고 하므로 병렬 입출력 성능이 효과적으로 향상되기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 부하 균형 반출 기법에 디스크들의 참조 정보를 이용하여 반출 우선 순위를 결정하는 참조-부하균형 반출 기법을 적용한 새로운 RAID5 제어기를 제안하고, 시뮬레이션을 통하여 성능을 평가함으로써, 참조-부하균형 반출 기법이 기존의 부하 균형 반출 기법 비하여 RAID5 제어기의 입출력 성능을 개선할 수 있음을 입증하였다.
A digital storytelling tool for Arab children (2012)

In this study, we implemented a storytelling tool to help teachers and parents evaluate and improve the communication skills of 4-to 5-year-old Arab children. The purpose of this tool was to create effective multimedia learning software with various interactive features to provide children with new opportunities to improve their communication skills. This tool helps teachers and parents to measure four characteristics of students and children: general knowledge, creativity, self-confidence, and interactions between children and technology. The storytelling tool was implemented on the iPad and was tested with children between the ages of 4 and 5 years of age from private and public kindergarten schools. Data sources used in this study include questionnaire, interview content, observational notes, and time records while a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative approaches was employed for analyzing the data. The results showed that there was a slight difference between 4- and 5-year-old children; in particular, 4-year-old children were more self-confident, creative, and interactive than 5-year-olds. The results for boys and girls were sufficiently similar that the gender differences were negligible.
Current databases on biological variation: pros, cons and progress (1999)

A database with reliable information to derive definitive analytical quality specifications for a large number of clinical laboratory tests was prepared in this work. This was achieved by comparing and correlating descriptive data and relevant observations with the biological variation information, an approach that had not been used in the previous efforts of this type. The material compiled in the database was obtained from published articles referenced in BIOS, CURRENT CONTENTS, EMBASE and MEDLINE using "biological variation & laboratory medicine" as key words, as well as books and doctoral theses provided by their authors. The database covers 316 quantities and reviews 191 articles, fewer than 10 of which had to be rejected. The within- and between-subject coefficients of variation and the subsequent desirable quality specifications for precision, bias and total error for all the quantities accepted are presented. Sex-related stratification of results was justified for only four quantities and, in these cases, quality specifications were derived from the group with lower within-subject variation. For certain quantities, biological variation in pathological states was higher than in the healthy state. In these cases, quality specifications were derived only from the healthy population (most stringent). Several quantities (particularly hormones) have been treated in very few articles and the results found are highly discrepant. Therefore, professionals in laboratory medicine should be strongly encouraged to study the quantities for which results are discrepant, the 90 quantities described in only one paper and the numerous quantities that have not been the subject of study.
Study on Transition Characteristics of Poly(Ethylene Glycol)/ Selected Fatty Acids Phase Change Materials (2009)

In the present study, poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) with different molecular weights were blended with different fatty acids: capric, lauric or stearic acid as a thermal energy storage material. Latent heat thermal energy storages properties of the blends were evaluated by using the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal analysis indicated that it is possible to obtain homogeneous PEG/fatty acid blends by mixing in the melt and subsequent solidification. The PEG-fatty acids blends had greater enthalpy and exhibited good thermal stability and can be used as a new kind of phase change material for thermal energy storage material for thermal energy storage and temperature control. The heat of transition for PEG10 000/ stearic acid (1:3 w/w) blend was on extremely high level of 253.2 J.g-1 which is 35% more than for pure PEG 10000
SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE-LETHALITY RELATIONSHIPS OF 2,2-BIS(PARA-CHLOROPHENYL)-1,1,2-TRISUBSTITUTED ETHANE COMPOUNDS (1967)

Since the discovery of the outstanding insecticidal activity of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) by Müller of the J. R. Geigy, A.-G., in Switzerland in 1939, the synthesis and testing of related compounds have been actively pursued in many laboratories. These in- vestigations were motivated not only by the desire to find compounds with greater toxicity than DDT, but also by the development of widespread resistance to DDT2 and the long life of DDT residues. 3,4,5In keeping with the over-all objective of studying structure-lethality relationships, the synthesis of closely related members of an entire family of compounds was under- taken. These compounds were tested for lethality to house flies, Musca domestica, and mosquitoes, Anopheles albimanus (A. alb.) and Culex quinquefasciatus (C. 5-fasc.) in the WHO primary screen at Riverside, California.
A Note on Zimbabwe's Structural Predicament (2002)

A majority of Zimbabwe's critics locate that country's present crisis in 'poor governance'. Any aspect of the crisis, be it hyper inflation, unemployment, wealth inequality, the Congo war, land invasions and famine, has tended to be seen as a consequence of autocratic, patrimonial and corrupt misrule; the solution lying in a change of government. Without denying the brutality of the Mugabe regime it needs to be recognised that any solution has to be situated in the context of the structural predicament that since 1980 has confronted the independent state and which has its roots in the highly exclusive structures of production and wealth inherited from colonialism, especially as applied to land and agriculture. Within this structural setting macro-economic policy becomes critical. This note looks briefly at this element of the crisis.
Cooperation model for video document retrieval (1995)

Information retrieval in video document archives presents specific issues. One of them is that a video document contains a large amount of information and can be seen under different aspects. We propose an information retrieval process model based on the cooperation between different specialists: specialists in the application domain, specialists of the media, and specialists in information retrieval. Each specialist has a proper point of view on documents, a partial knowledge which can be exploited in the query interpretation and during the search, and a particular role to play in the different stages of the retrieval process. A facetted data model helps to refine documents descriptions and search results. Each facet can be linked to one structure level of video documents. During the retrieval process, a flexible collaboration between several information retrieval experts is set up to deal with the different aspects of documents and query descriptions and to improve retrieval performance. A prototype, using the MHEG standard, is being implemented to retrieve TV news sequences and to present search results in a hypermedia form.
Nondestructive, at-line measurement of dielectric constant for VLSI intermetal dielectrics (2002)

Shrinking VLSI metallization schemes require new intermetal dielectrics (IMD) with low dielectric constant, K. Materials being considered are doped glasses, polymers, porous material and composites. Both the magnitude and the variability of the dielectric constant must be measured for these new dielectrics, hence, a new need to make reliable, accurate and cost-effective at-line measurements of the dielectric constant has emerged. We have developed a technique using commercially available, non contact capacitive probe and spectral ellipsometry tools to measure K to an accuracy of better than 5% at K<4.0. The accuracy and measurement system error improves as K decreases, so that measurements at K=2.0 should be accurate to 2%.
CAGD-Based Computer Vision (1988)

Three-dimensional model-based computer vision uses geometric models of objects and sensed data to recognize objects in a scene. Likewise, Computer Aided Geometric Design (CAGD) systems are used to interactively generate three-dimensional models during the design process. Despite this similarity, there has been a dichotomy between these fields. Recently, the unification of CAGD and vision systems has become the focus of research in the context of manufacturing automation. This paper explores the connection between CAGD and computer vision. A method for the automatic generation of recognition strategies based on the geometric properties of shape has been devised and implemented. This uses a novel technique developed for quantifying the following properties of features which compose models used in computer vision: robustness, completeness, consistency, cost, and uniqueness. By utilizing this information, the automatic synthesis of a specialized recognition scheme, called a Strategy Tree, is accomplished. Strategy Trees describe, in a systematic and robust manner, the search process used for recognition and localization of particular objects in the given scene. They consist of selected featureS which satisfy system constraints and Corroborating Evidence Subtrees which are used in the formation of hypotheses. Verification techniques, used to substantiate or refute these hypotheses, are explored.
April 2010 News & Announcements (2010)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNews and Announcemen...News and AnnouncementsNEXTApril 2010 News & AnnouncementsJonathan R. HillView Author Information University of IowaIowa City, Iowa 52242Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 2010, 87, 4, 364–366Publication Date (Web):March 9, 2010Publication History Published online9 March 2010Published inissue 1 April 2010https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ed800140jhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ed800140jnewsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2010 The American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical Education, Inc. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views429Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (566 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Chemistry education,Students,Testing and assessment Get e-Alerts