gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Surface interpolation and slant anisotropy (2010)

Although the role of surface-level processes has been demonstrated, models of visual interpolation emphasize contour relationships. We report research on geometric constraints governing 3D interpolation between surface patches having no visible contours. In a previous study, we demonstrated that 3D relatability acts as a cue for spatial unification in the absence of explicit edge information. Observers were asked to classify pairs of planar surface patches — specified by random dot disparities and visible through circular apertures in a fronto-parallel occluder — as aligned or misaligned. On each trial, surfaces appeared in parallel or intersecting planes with equal amounts of absolute slant around the horizontal axis. We expected this task to be facilitated when patches were perceived as connected. We found enhanced sensitivity and speed for 3D relatable patches — those joinable by a smooth, monotonic connection — versus nonrelatable patches. Here 3D relatability involves not oriented edges, but surface patch orientations computed from stereoscopic information. In a second experiment surfaces were inclined around a vertical, rather than horizontal, axis. Performance was markedly affected by slant anisotropy: both sensitivity and speed were worse for surfaces inclined around the vertical. We found nearly identical advantages of 3D relatability on performance, suggesting more isotropic unit formation effects. Results are interpreted as suggesting that, in the absence of explicit edge information, virtual lines — as extracted on the basis of orientation disparity of surface elements — constrain surface interpolation. The results suggest that 3D contour and surface interpolation may share common geometric constraints.
Packing Techniques for Virtex-5 FPGAs (2009)

Packing is a key step in the FPGA tool flow that straddles the boundaries between synthesis, technology mapping and placement. Packing strongly influences circuit speed, density, and power, and in this article, we consider packing in the commercial FPGA context and examine the area and performance trade-offs associated with packing in a state-of-the-art FPGA---the Xilinx ® Virtex TM -5 FPGA. In addition to look-up-table (LUT)-based logic blocks, modern FPGAs also contain large IP blocks. We discuss packing techniques for both types of blocks. Virtex-5 logic blocks contain dual-output 6-input LUTs. Such LUTs can implement any single logic function of up to 6 inputs, or any two logic functions requiring no more than 5 distinct inputs. The second LUT output has reduced speed, and therefore, must be used judiciously. We present techniques for dual-output LUT packing that lead to improved area-efficiency, with minimal performance degradation. We then describe packing techniques for large IP blocks, namely, block RAMs and DSPs. We pack circuits into the large blocks in a way that leverages the unique block RAM and DSP layout/architecture in Virtex-5, achieving significantly improved design performance.
Use of MRI to guide electrophysiology procedures (2014)

The susceptibility of cerebral cortex to epileptiform activity was studied in cats undergoing barbiturate withdrawal. Epileptiform afterdischarges were initiated in neuronally isolated cortex by electrical stimulation, and the threshold and duration of the afterdischarges were measured. In some animals, afterdischarges were prolonged during barbiturate withdrawal. In other animals who were judged to be equally dependent on barbiturates by their increased sensitivity to pentylenetetrazol, the duration and threshold of afterdischarges were in the normal range. The changes in the responsiveness of cortex to electrical stimulation during barbiturate withdrawal were small and unreliable in comparison to changes produced by chronic neuronal isolation of cortex. It was concluded that the principal change responsible for the increased susceptibility to seizures during barbiturate withdrawal occurred in subcortical structures. In control animals, the duration of afterdischarges in isolated cortex depended on the amplitude of the electrical shocks used to elicit the afterdischarge. The bearing of this observation on theories regarding the mechanism of electrically induced paroxysmal activity is discussed.
Large-Scale Purification of Rubella Virus and Preparation of an Experimental Split Rubella Virus Vaccine (1971)

Large-scale purification of rubella virus from tissue culture fluid and preparation of an experimental rubella subunit vaccine are described. The virus, purified isopycnically in sucrose gradients, was Tween 80-ether treated, and the product was filtered sterile. The vaccines were of two types, formalinized and nonformalinized. They were not infectious, had only a slight pyrogenicity, and caused no harmful symptoms in animals. The immune response in guinea pigs was better when the nonformalinized vaccine was used and the dosage was 2,500 hemagglutinating units per injection (0.5 ml).
ChemInform Abstract: Formation of Disulfide Links by Dioxysulfonium‐Oxidation. (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
CD13 is a therapeutic target in human liver cancer stem cells (2010)

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are generally dormant or slowly cycling tumor cells that have the ability to reconstitute tumors. They are thought to be involved in tumor resistance to chemo/radiation therapy and tumor relapse and progression. However, neither their existence nor their identity within many cancers has been well defined. Here, we have demonstrated that CD13 is a marker for semiquiescent CSCs in human liver cancer cell lines and clinical samples and that targeting these cells might provide a way to treat this disease. CD13+ cells predominated in the G0 phase of the cell cycle and typically formed cellular clusters in cancer foci. Following treatment, these cells survived and were enriched along the fibrous capsule where liver cancers usually relapse. Mechanistically, CD13 reduced ROS-induced DNA damage after genotoxic chemo/radiation stress and protected cells from apoptosis. In mouse xenograft models, combination of a CD13 inhibitor and the genotoxic chemotherapeutic fluorouracil (5-FU) drastically reduced tumor volume compared with either agent alone. 5-FU inhibited CD90+ proliferating CSCs, some of which produce CD13+ semiquiescent CSCs, while CD13 inhibition suppressed the self-renewing and tumor-initiating ability of dormant CSCs. Therefore, combining a CD13 inhibitor with a ROS-inducing chemo/radiation therapy may improve the treatment of liver cancer.
<scp>U</scp>rinary dysfunction in early de novo patients with Parkinson's disease (2017)

Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher's web-site. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Optimizing gene expression in BPV-transformed cells: effects of cell type on enhancer/promoter interaction (1987)

We have compared several combinations of enhancers and promoters in expressing the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene in transient assays, in mouse C127, the most widely used host cell for the bovine papilloma virus (BPV) expression vector. Of the various combinations tested, the unit comprised of the SV40 enhancer and adenovirus type 2 major late promoter (MLP) was the most active in BPV transformed C127 cells. We further demonstrate that untransformed and BPV transformed C127 cells respond differently to the various enhancer/promoter combinations tested. Moving the SV40 enhancer closer to the cap site of a complete MLP (from -414 to -107) reduced potentiation to less than half in BPV transformed cells. The level of potentiation with enhancer at either site was similar in human HeLa cells. In BPV transformed C127 cells, the SV40 enhancer and the MLP (at the -414 site) supports 4-5 fold greater levels of expression than the murine sarcoma virus (MSV) enhancer/mouse metallothionein (MT) promoter which has previously been extremely effective in BPV vectors. Our findings provide a basis for the improvement of the BPV vector system in supporting increased levels of expression of proteins of important therapeutic application.
The Effect of Age, Sex and Hormonization on the Flavor of Chicken Meat , (1958)

INTRODUCTION FLAVOR has been defined as the stimuli given by the sample to the taster’s receptors both oral and nasal when the sample is consumed orally (Pippin et al., 1954). As the broiler industry expands and the competition with other meat products becomes keener, the flavor of poultry meat should not be left unconsidered. The literature, however, contains little work on this subject. In early work, Maw (1935) reported that corn-fed birds were more flavorful than those fed barley, oats, or wheat. Lewis (1955) found that 10 percent dried chicken feces added to an all vegetable ration significantly improved the flavor score of broilers. Weisburg (1956) determined that the broth from the broilers fed dairy products was more flavorful, and the meat more flavorful and more tender than that of the controls. Pippin et al. (1954) reported that chicken fat was a minor source of flavor in poultry, but that . . .
Computer simulation of the conformational properties of oligopeptides. Comparison of theoretical methods and analysis of experimental results (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComputer simulation of the conformational properties of oligopeptides. Comparison of theoretical methods and analysis of experimental resultsA. T. Hagler, P. S. Stern, R. Sharon, J. M. Becker, and F. NaiderCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 23, 6842–6852Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00517a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00517a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views234Altmetric-Citations123LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR CARBENOID REACTIONS OF PYRROLE DERIVATIVES. EFFICIENT SYNTHESES OF PYRROLIZINONE AND DIHYDROINDOLIZINONE (1984)

Abstract Die auf bekannte Weise erhaltenen Säuren (I) werden nach Standardmethoden in die Diazoketone (V) übergeführt, die in Gegenwart von Kupfer über intermediäre Carbenoide zu den bicyclischen Verbindungen (VI) reagieren.
Frontiers in semiconductor-based devices (2009)

This special cluster of Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics reports proceedings from the Frontiers in Semiconductor-Based Devices Symposium, held in honor of the 60th birthday of Professor Pallab Bhattacharya by his former doctoral students. The symposium took place at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor on 6–7 December 2009.
A semiconductor laser amplifier-reflector for the future FTTH applications (1997)

One component for the reception and emission for the subscriber in the future WDM (FTTH) fibre to the home network is considered. A study of the performances of a modulator based on a semiconductor laser amplifier with a reflector is presented. It offers the prospect of a low-cost subscriber module.
Effect of Uarious Herbal Extracts on Nitric Oxide Production in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Murine Perito~neal Macrophages (1999)

Nitric oxide (NO) can mediate numerous physiological processes, including vasodilation, neurotransmission, cytotoxicity, secretion and inflammatory response. The regulation of NO production by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is considered to be the possible target of the development of anti-inflammatory agent, based on the observation that NO can activate cyclooxygenase, which results in the synthesis of prostaglandins. In an effort to screen new inhibitor of NO production from about 352 species of herbal extracts, we found 9 species with 50% or more inhibitory effect on NO production. Especially, the dose-dependent inhibition of NO production in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophages by two of the herbal extracts (Artemisiae asiaticae Herba and Saussureae Radix) was due to the decrease in the expression of iNOS.
Primate phonation: Anterior cingulate lesion effects on response rate and acoustical structure (1981)

Four juvenile rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) that were conditioned to emit a discriminative vocal response underwent unilateral and bilateral lesions of anterior cingulate gyrus in stepwise sequence. Pre- and post-lesion measures of vocal response rate and acoustical features (call duration, amplitude, and fundamental frequency) were obtained for the conditioned task and for vocalization in the home colony (spontaneous vocalization). Unilateral lesions produced little consistent change in spontaneous "coo" vocalization rate and call duration. Conditioned vocalization of the monkeys exhibited no significant change in rate at this stage, although call duration was reduced significantly. Bilateral lesions produced no further modifications in acoustic properties of spontaneous calls, while the vocal rate decreased slightly. Conditioned calls were not significantly altered in acoustic features at this stage, although the discriminative vocalization rate was significantly decreased for all monkeys. The results indicate limited control over vocal motor systems by anterior cingulate cortex, while suggesting that this region participates in initiation of voluntary phonation.
Mutation spectrum of the p53 gene in bone and soft tissue sarcomas. (1992)

We present here an analysis of the spectrum of mutations of the p53 gene seen in 127 bone and soft tissue sarcomas of various histological classifications. Gross rearrangements were analyzed by Southern blotting using a complementary DNA probe from the p53 gene, and subtle alterations in the entire coding sequence (exons 2 through 11) were identified by a combination of single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct genomic sequencing. A total of 42 somatic alterations of the p53 gene were found, of which 21 were gross rearrangements and 21 were subtle alterations. These included 17 cases of a single base substitution, 3 small deletions, and one single base insertion. In contrast to reported findings for other types of cancer, we found that mutations of the p53 gene in sarcomas are quite heterogeneous both in their distribution throughout the gene and in the type of genetic alterations that result. All 13 missense mutations we found occurred at highly conserved residues, whereas 8 nonsense mutations occurred at sites that spanned the gene from codons 46 to 316. Surprisingly, approximately one-half of the osteosarcomas with allelic deletions on 17p did not have detectable alterations in the coding sequence of the p53 gene.
Tunable distributed Bragg reflectors with wide-angle and broadband high-reflectivity using nanoporous/dense titanium dioxide film stacks for visible wavelength applications (2014)

Highly-tolerant distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) based on the same materials consisting of nanoporous/dense titanium dioxide (TiO2) film pair structures with wide-angle and broadband highly-reflective properties at visible wavelengths are reported. For a high refractive index contrast, the two dense and nanoporous TiO2 film stacks are alternatingly deposited on silicon (Si) substrates by a oblique angle deposition (OAD) method at two vapor flux angles (θα) of 0 and 80° for high and low refractive indices, respectively. For the TiO2 DBRs at a center wavelength (λ(c)) of 540 nm, the maximum level in reflectance (R) band is increased with increasing the number of pairs, exhibiting high R values of > 90% for 5 pairs, and the normalized stop bandwidth (∆λ/λ(c)) of ~17.8% is obtained. At λ(c) = 540 nm, the patterned TiO2 DBR with 5 pairs shows an uniform relative reflectivity over a whole surface of 3 inch-sized Si wafer and a large-scalable fabrication capability with any features. The angle-dependent reflectance characteristics of TiO2 DBR at λ(c) = 540 nm are also studied at incident angles (θ(inc)) of 20-70° for p-, s-, and non-polarized lights in the wavelength region of 350-750 nm, yielding high R values of > 70.4% at θ(inc) values of 20-70° for non-polarized light. By adjusting the λ(c)/4 thicknesses of nanoporous and dense films, for λ(c) = 450, 540, and 680 nm, tunable broadband TiO2 DBRs with high R values of > 90% at wavelengths of 400-800 nm are realized.
Lightweight security protocol for health monitoring in Ambient Assisted Living environment (2017)

Security is one of the major challenges that affect the deployment of the biosensors that form Wireless Body Sensor Networks (WBSNs). However, the implementation of any security protocol will result in the introduction of additional functional blocks to the device, which invariably lead to an increase in power consumption and processing delay. Both aspects are of critical importance to biosensor nodes in WBSNs as they tend to have limited power and need to have real-time processing capabilities. In this paper, a lightweight security protocol is presented to secure the medical information transmitted from the biosensor to the gateway. The proposed security protocol relies on a counter method at the biosensor side, which implements several security techniques at the biosensor side such as the nonce, hash, and public key encryption in order to minimize the consumption of biosensor's power needed for security operations. The security protocol comes with acceptable low computation overhead and hence results in minimal processing delay. Therefore, the proposed protocol, as compared with that of other existing ones, can be used for real time sensing and transmission of medical data.
Development of the airway Management Training System WKA-5: Improvement of mechanical designs for high-fidelity patient simulation (2012)

In recent years advanced robotic technology has seen more use in the medical field to assist in the development of Active Training systems. Such training systems must fulfill the following criteria: they must provide quantitative information, must simulate the real-world conditions of the task, and assure training effectiveness. For these reasons, we have developed WKA (Waseda Kyotokagaku Airway) series which can satisfy the above three conditions. However, the mechanical mechanisms of the previous system WKA-4 were not designed to consider internal organs and external appearance. As a result, it cannot simulate high fidelity anatomical organs including tongue, oral cavity, nasal cavity, upper airway and esophagus. Therefore, we are proposing WKA-5 (Waseda Kyotokagaku Airway No. 5), which improves those mentioned defects of the WKA-4. In this paper, we present mechanical mechanism designs such as a mandible and a tongue mechanism which consider internal organs such as upper airway, tongue, nasal cavity, esophagus and external appearance. Finally, a set of experiments was carried out to doctor subjects in order to verify the usefulness of our proposed mechanism, and discuss the doctors on the results of the experiments.
Synthesis of Poly(<i>p</i>-phenylene-vinylene) Derivatives Containing an Oxadiazole Pendant Group and Their Applications to Organic Electronic Devices (2013)

Poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) derivatives with 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-diyl (OXD) as the side chain, poly[2-{4-[5-(4-(heptyloxy)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yI]phenyl-oxy}-1,4-phenylene-vinylene] (OXH-PPV), poly[2-{4-[5-(4-(heptyloxy)phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadia-zole-2-yl]phenyl-oxy}-1,4-phenylenevinylene-co-2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene] (OXH-PPV-co-MEH-PPV), and poly[2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyl-oxy)-p-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV), were synthesized via a modified Gilch route. The electron-deficient oxadiazole moiety was introduced on the side chain of the polymer backbone to increase the electron-affinity of the polymers. The electroluminescent (EL) properties of the resulting polymers as an active layer, were investigated by the fabrication of single-layer LEDs and the devices using OXH-PPV-co-MEH-PPV showed better EL properties than those using pure MEH-PPV. Also, to investigate the switching properties of the resulting polymers as an active layer, OFET devices were fabricated in a top-contact/bottom-gate configuration. The resulting FETs exhibited typical p-channel characteristics, field-effect mobility of 6.5 x 10(-4) - 7.0 x 10(-5) cm2 V(-1) s(-1), and on-off ratio of about 10(4)-10(5).
Characterization of the neuronal marker NeuN as a multiply phosphorylated antigen with discrete subcellular localization (2004)

NeuN (neuronal nuclei) is an antigen used widely in research and diagnostics to identify postmitotic neurons. The present study aims at an initial understanding of the molecular nature and functional significance of this as yet ill-defined antigen. Using isoelectric focusing, both the 46- and 48-kDa isoforms of NeuN can be separated in multiple spots spanning a pH range of 8-10.5, suggesting that they might be phosphorylated. Enzymatic dephosphorylation abolishes NeuN immunoreactivity, confirming that NeuN is indeed a phosphoprotein, and establishing that binding of the defining antibody depends on its state of phosphorylation. Combined biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis show that both the 46- and the 48-kDa NeuN isoforms can be localized to the cell nucleus as well as in the neuronal cytoplasm. Their relative concentration in these compartments is distinct, however, with the 48-kDa isoform being the predominant isoform in the cytoplasm. Within the nucleus, NeuN is found preferentially in areas of low chromatin density and virtually excluded from areas containing densely packed DNA. The present identification of multiple differentially phosphorylated isoforms of NeuN, together with recent reports on the dependence of NeuN immunoreactivity levels on a variety of physiologic or pathologic signals, suggests a previously unappreciated level of complexity in the regulation of this enigmatic, neuron-specific antigen.
UK-US collaborative programme - advanced materials for low emission power plant. Review of standards for measurement of high temperature materials properties. (2006)

This report reviews the current status of standardisation for measurement methods relating to the high temperature performance of materials.
Cellular mechanisms of glucocorticoid immunosuppression in salmon (1987)

Limiting dilution analysis was employed to determine the effect of cortisol and conditioned media on precursor frequency and clone size of antibody‐producing cells sensitive to trinitrophenylated‐lipopolysaccharide (TNP‐LPS). This analysis demonstrated that the restoration of the cortisol‐suppressed antibody response by conditioned media occurs through the activation of previously inhibited B cell precursors to that antigen, and not by the recruitment of other antigen‐insensitive B cell precursors.