gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Paenibacillus favisporus sp. nov., a xylanolytic bacterium isolated from cow faeces (2004)

During a search for xylan-degrading micro-organisms, a sporulated bacterium was recovered from recent and old cow dung and rectal samples. The isolates were identified as members of a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. According to the results of phylogenetic analysis, the most closely related species was Paenibacillus azoreducens. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments also showed that the isolates belonged to a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus. The novel species is a facultatively anaerobic, motile, Gram-variable, sporulated rod. The spores of this rod-shaped micro-organism occur in slightly swollen sporangia and are honeycomb-shaped. The main fatty acid is anteiso-branched C(15:0). Growth was observed with many carbohydrates, including xylan, as the only carbon source and gas production was not observed from glucose. The novel species produces a wide variety of hydrolytic enzymes, such as xylanases, cellulases, amylases, gelatinase, urease and beta-galactosidase. On the contrary, it does not produce caseinase, phenylalanine deaminase or lysine decarboxylase. According to the data obtained in this work, the strains belong to a novel species, for which the name Paenibacillus favisporus sp. nov. is proposed (type strain, GMP01T=LMG 20987T=CECT 5760T).
General health of end stage renal disease program beneficiaries. (1997)

A telephone survey of a national sample of 515 Medicare End Stage Renal Disease Program beneficiaries was conducted to obtain information on their health status and its determinants. The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) was applied during the interview process to obtain the health-status information. The reliability of each SF-36 health-status dimension was at least 0.85, and the validity of seven of the eight dimensions was high. Weighted least-squares regression results showed that health-status levels were often lower among older patients and Hispanic persons, and sometimes lower for those with low incomes. The implications of using the SF-36 for health-status measurement are also described.
Design of a Silicon Bipolar Laser- and Line-Driver IC with Adjustable Pulse Shape and Amplitude for Data Rates Around and Above 10 Gbit/s (1992)

Article Design of a Silicon Bipolar Laser- and Line-Driver IC with Adjustable Pulse Shape and Amplitude for Data Rates Around and Above 10 Gbit/s was published on January 1, 1992 in the journal Frequenz (volume 46, issue 1-2).
<scp>CRISPR</scp>/Cas9 mutagenesis in <i>Volvox carteri</i> (2018)

Volvox carteri and other volvocine green algae comprise an excellent model for investigating developmental complexity and its origins. Here we describe a method for targeted mutagenesis in V. carteri using CRISPR/Cas9 components expressed from transgenes. We used V. carteri nitrate reductase gene (nitA) regulatory sequences to conditionally express Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9, and V. carteri U6 RNA gene regulatory sequences to constitutively express single-guide RNA (sgRNA) transcripts. Volvox carteri was bombarded with both Cas9 vector and one of several sgRNA vectors programmed to target different test genes (glsA, regA and invA), and transformants were selected for expression of a hygromycin-resistance marker present on the sgRNA vector. Hygromycin-resistant transformants grown with nitrate as sole nitrogen source (inducing for nitA) were tested for Cas9 and sgRNA expression, and for the ability to generate progeny with expected mutant phenotypes. Some transformants of a somatic regenerator (Reg) mutant strain receiving sgRNA plasmid with glsA protospacer sequence yielded progeny (at a rate of ~0.01%) with a gonidialess (Gls) phenotype similar to that observed for previously described glsA mutants, and sequencing of the glsA gene in independent mutants revealed short deletions within the targeted region of glsA, indicative of Cas9-directed non-homologous end joining. Similarly, bombardment of a morphologically wild-type strain with the Cas9 plasmid and sgRNA plasmids targeting regA or invA yielded regA and invA mutant transformants/progeny, respectively (at rates of 0.1-100%). The capacity to make precisely directed frameshift mutations should greatly accelerate the molecular genetic analysis of development in V. carteri, and of developmental novelty in the volvocine algae.
Informed Traders and Price Variations in the Betting Market for Professional Basketball Games (1998)

This paper examines betting line changes from the opening to the closing of the point spread betting market on National Basketball Association games for evidence of informed trader betting. We show that within‐betting period line changes significantly improve the accuracy of betting lines as forecasts of game outcomes. We examine individual line change magnitudes and show that these are directly and proportionately related to biases in opening lines. Further, line changes are of sufficient magnitude to remove these biases by the close of betting. We interpret these results as evidence that informed traders are influential in this market.
The Structure of the Protonated Adenine Dimer by Infrared Multiple Photon Dissociation Spectroscopy and Electronic Structure Calculations (2009)

The infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectrum of electrosprayed adenine proton-bound dimers were recorded in the gas-phase inside the cell of a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance spectrometer coupled to a tunable optical parametric oscillator/amplifier infrared laser. While gas-phase B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) calculations indicate that the four lowest isomers are essentially isoenergetic, comparisons of the experimental and predicted IR spectra suggest that only two of the four isomers are observed in the experiment. However, computed solvation effects, as modeled using both a polarizable continuum model and microsolvation with five explicit water molecules, preferentially stabilize these two observed isomers, consistent with the interpretation of the IRMPD spectra. This work shows that for these small species the solvent-phase structure is preserved. It also demonstrates the potential danger of using gas-phase calculations to predict the structures of gaseous ions born in solution, such as those from an electrospray source.
A simplified and efficient germline-specific CRISPR/Cas9 system for<i>Drosophila</i>genomic engineering (2013)

The type II CRISPR/Cas9 system (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated) has recently emerged as an efficient and simple tool for site-specific engineering of eukaryotic genomes. To improve its applications in Drosophila genome engineering, we simplified the standard two-component CRISPR/Cas9 system by generating a stable transgenic fly line expressing the Cas9 endonuclease in the germline (Vasa-Cas9 line). By injecting vectors expressing engineered target-specific guide RNAs into Vasa-Cas9 fly embryos, mutations were generated from site-specific DNA cleavages and efficiently transmitted into progenies. Because Cas9 endonuclease is the universal component of the type II CRISPR/Cas9 system, site-specific genomic engineering based on this improved platform can be achieved with lower complexity and toxicity, greater consistency, and excellent versatility.
Antistatic and Hydrophilic Synthetic Fibers: A Critique (2000)

The dominance of synthetic fibers increased in 1997 with a big leap in their share of world fiber demand. After surpassing the 50% mark in 1994, the share of manufactured fibers was 53.4% in 1997 [...
Potato, Wireworm Control, Pasco, WA, 1980 (1982)

Abstract The test was conducted in a grower’s solid-set, sprink Ier-irrigated field. The soil type was Ritzville silt loam (Calciorthidic HaploxerolIs), and the organic matter content was less than 0.5%. On Apr 2, 5 soil samples were taken at each of 10 sites to a depth of at least 18 inches with a posthole digger; 28 wireworms were found for an estimated density of 2.24 wireworms/ft2 . The test area consisted of 4 adjacent blocks of 4 different application methods: i preplant broadcast (BCST), at-plant sidedress (APSD), at-plant seed furrow (FURR), and post-emergence sidedress (PESD). Each plot’ measured 40 ft long and 4 rows wide (34 inch row spacing), and each treatment was replicated 4 times. On May 1, BCST applications were made: granular formulations with a hand-operated Cyclone grass seeder, and liquid formulations diluted in water to a volume of 1 qt with a hand-held, 2-row sprayer with a boom consisting of 4 TeeJet (No. AL80015) nozzles and applied at a rate of 24 gal/acre at a pressure of 30 psi. The plots were rototilled to a depth of 4-6 inches within 1 hr after application.
Epidemiologic Hearing Studies in the USSR (1970)

Previous studies in many areas of the world have shown that where there is a high incidence of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and high intake of saturated fats the cholesterol levels tend to be high, and hearing levels tend to be reduced. This was dramatically demonstrated in Finland. Studies in two areas of the Soviet Union again show that in one, Moscow, the higher incidence of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and higher cholesterol levels is accompanied by lower levels of hearing. In the second area, the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic, the incidence of the above factors is lower and the hearing levels are better than those of Moscow. Otological participation in epidemiological studies of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease is a relatively new development. The organ of hearing, a very sensitive indicator, may give us a first clue to the cardiovascular state.
Analyzing of CPFR success factors using fuzzy cognitive maps in retail industry (2012)

The retail sector environment is characterized by intense pressure of competition, ever-changing portfolio of products, hundreds of different products, ever-changing customer requirements and be able to stand in a mass market. When considering that the giant retailers work together with their suppliers, each independent operation is seen as a comprehensive structure, consisting of thousands of sub-processes. In short, the retail industry dynamism and work in cooperation with the competitiveness of the sector is one of a rare combination. Of course in such a sector businesses of all sizes in many aspects of creating an efficient and low cost structure is in the effort. Collaborative planning, forecasting and replenishment (CPFR) model which is a scheme integrating trading partners’ internal and external information systems is proposed to assist establishing a more effective supply chain structure in retail industry. Although CPFR can provide many benefits, there have been many failed implementations. The aim of this study is to determine the factors that will support better implementation of CPFR strategy in retail industry and analyze them using fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) approach. FCMs have proven particularly useful for solving problems in which a number of decision variable and uncontrollable variables are causality interrelated. A CPFR model made up of three sub-systems, namely information sharing, decision synchronization and incentive alignment, is proposed and “what–if” scenarios for proposed model are developed and interpreted. To our knowledge, this is the first study that uses FCMs for CPFR success factors assessment.
Electrospun Nanofibers of <i>p</i>-Type NiO/<i>n</i>-Type ZnO Heterojunctions with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity (2010)

One-dimensional electrospun nanofibers of p-type NiO/n-type ZnO heterojunctions with different molar ratios of Ni to Zn were successfully synthesized using a facile electrospinning technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy, resonant Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) were used to characterize the as-synthesized nanofibers. The results indicated that the p-n heterojunctions formed between the cubic structure NiO and hexangular structure ZnO in the NiO/ZnO nanofibers. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of the as-electrospun NiO/ZnO nanofibers for the degradation of rhodamine B (RB) was much higher than that of electrospun NiO and ZnO nanofibers, which could be ascribed to the formation of p-n heterojunctions in the NiO/ZnO nanofibers. In particular, the p-type NiO/n-type ZnO heterojunction nanofibers with the original Ni/Zn molar ratio of 1 exhibited the best catalytic activity, which might be attributed to their high separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes. Notably, the electrospun nanofibers of p-type NiO/n-type ZnO heterojunctions could be easily recycled without a decrease of the photocatalytic activity due to their one-dimensional nanostructural property.
Webcam-based Eye Gaze Tracking under Natural Head Movement (2018)

This manuscript investigates and proposes a visual gaze tracker that tackles the problem using only an ordinary web camera and no prior knowledge in any sense (scene set-up, camera intrinsic and/or extrinsic parameters). The tracker we propose is based on the observation that our desire to grant the freedom of natural head movement to the user requires 3D modeling of the scene set-up. Although, using a single low resolution web camera bounds us in dimensions (no depth can be recovered), we propose ways to cope with this drawback and model the scene in front of the user. We tackle this three-dimensional problem by realizing that it can be viewed as series of two-dimensional special cases. Then, we propose a procedure that treats each movement of the user's head as a special two-dimensional case, hence reducing the complexity of the problem back to two dimensions. Furthermore, the proposed tracker is calibration free and discards this tedious part of all previously mentioned trackers. Experimental results show that the proposed tracker achieves good results, given the restrictions on it. We can report that the tracker commits a mean error of (56.95, 70.82) pixels in x and y direction, respectively, when the user's head is as static as possible (no chin-rests are used). Furthermore, we can report that the proposed tracker commits a mean error of (87.18, 103.86) pixels in x and y direction, respectively, under natural head movement.
Rational use of antioxidants in solid oral pharmaceutical preparations (2012)

Antioxidants are currently used as efficient excipients that delay or inhibit the oxidation process of molecules. Excipients are often associated with adverse reactions. Stability studies can guide the search for solutions that minimize or delay the processes of degradation. The ability to predict oxidation reactions in different drugs is important. Methods: This study was conducted to assess the rational use of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), sodium metabisulfite (SMB), propyl gallate (PG) and cysteine (CYS) in tablet formulations of simvastatin and ketoconazole. These antioxidants were evaluated according to stability parameters and the relationship between efficiency of the antioxidant and chemical structure of the drugs. Results were compared with DPPH tests and computational simulations. BHT was most efficient regarding simvastatin stability, and the most effective BHT concentrations for maintaining stability were 0.5 and 0.1%. In relation to ketoconazole, SMB was most efficient for maintaining content and dissolution profile. The evaluation by DPPH showed that the largest percentage of absorbance reduction was observed for PG, while SMB proved most efficient and had lower consumption of DPPH. The same pattern was observed, albeit with lower efficiency, for the other lipophilic antioxidants such as BHT and BHA. The results of the molecular modeling study demonstrated that electronic properties obtained were correlated with antioxidant activity in solution, being useful for the rational development of liquid pharmaceutical formulations but not for solid oral formulations. This study demonstrated the importance of considering stability parameters and molecular modeling to elucidate the chemical phenomena involved in antioxidant activity, being useful for the rational use of antioxidants in the development of pharmaceutical formulations.
Electronic analog and hybrid computers (1952)

Electronic analog and hybrid computers , Electronic analog and hybrid computers , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Technology '89: solid state (1989)

Developments in solid-state technology during 1988 are discussed. The pace was set by memory integrated circuits, with the proliferation of flash E/sup 2/PROMs (electrically erasable programmable read-only memories) and the announcement of prototype 16 Mb dynamic RAMs (random-access memories). Analog integrated circuitry continued its mild renaissance, as methods of combining analog and digital devices on the same chip where further explored and refined. Chip makers continued to find paths around roadblocks to high integration, breaching the 1- mu m barrier. On the business front, the semiconductor market was more profitable than it has been in some time, and there were a number of significant mergers, and international competition continued to be tense.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Epigenetic and genetic factors affect transgene methylation imprinting (1989)

In some lines of transgenic mice, the methylation of MspI sites within or adjacent to the transgene locus is affected by the sex of the parent from which the transgene is inherited. These differences are consistent with a role for DNA methylation in genome imprinting. In a previous report, we noted that in one such line, all offspring of females exhibited hypermethylation of the transgene while only some offspring of males carried a hypomethylated transgene. In this report, we provide evidence that this phenomenon is controlled by at least two factors, one of which acts in cis and is dependent on the transgene locus, and one of which acts in trans and is supplied by the maternal genome. We also provide evidence that there are genetic differences between inbred mouse strains in the trans-acting factor.
Design of apochromats and superachromats (1992)

This paper reviews the developments in the design of color corrected lens systems particularly apochromats and superachromats. The historical development of the theory, method of selecting compatible optical materials and design techniques are summarized. Examples of apochromats and superachromats are described and the performance evaluations of these designs are shown.
New Low-Loss Surface Acoustic Wave Transducers in the UHF Range (1987)

Absfracf-Some new low-loss surface acoustic wave (SAW) transducers are described which can be used for UHF range applications. The characteristic of these new low-loss SAW transducers is that the electrode widths are about X0/4 (X,:SAW wavelength), so the frequency limitation of these devices is almost the same as that for the conventional uniform two-electrodeslwavelength transducers. The theoretical analysis includes the internal reflections within the transducers caused by the difference of the thickness of metal electrode film or both the difference of electromechanical coupling coefficients (K’) and the mass loading effect. The fundamental equations are derived and some simple results are given. In addition, the new low-loss SAW transducers are fabricated by a self-aligned angle evaporation technique which use only one photo mask, and no mask alignment is needed in the fabrication process. Experimental results show directivities of 1026 dB/transducer at about 500 MHz and 10 dB at about 2 GHz. A prototype SAW filter has shown a very encouraging passband characteristic with a minimum insertion loss of 2.8 dB at about 500 MHz on 128” Y-X LiNb03.
RED CELL, PLASMA, AND BLOOD VOLUME IN HEALTHY WOMEN MEASURED BY RADIOCHROMIUM CELL-LABELING AND HEMATOCRIT* (1962)

In a previous study of 201 healthy men (1), red cell volume (Vrbc) was measured by a modification of Sterling and Gray's radiochromium method (2), and whole blood and plasma volumes (Vwb and Vpl) were derived from venous he- miatocrits.The influence of factors other than body size on the variance of the data was studied, and standards for predicting normal volumes were derived.The present report describes a similar examination of 101 women. SUBJECTS AND METHODSThe women, all of whom volunteered for study, were actively employed as housewives, laboratory personnel, nurses, or office workers, and most were white (Table I).None were taking medications regularly or were subject to dietary control other than mild voluntary caloric restriction, and none were pregnant.Although some engaged in sports regularly, none were trained athletes.All had been living at sea level for at least a year.Cases of gross clinical obesity were not included.No subject was a regular blood donor, and none had given blood within 10 weeks.Health screening tech- niques included a medical history, physical examination, chest X-ray, and urinalysis.A hematocrit below 37 per cent, the limit of normal as defined by Wintrobe (3), caused exclusion of only one volunteer.In no subject was the arterial blood pressure over 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic.The method' of labeling the autologous cells with NaCr5O4 and of determining their volume of distri- bution (VCr"1) was as described in the study on men (1, 4).Tests were performed before breakfast or, rarely, in the afternoon when lunch had been omitted.Subjects lay down for at least 30 minutes before the labeled cells were delivered and until sampling was completed no less than 35 minutes later.
The Fast Response Double Buck DC–DC Converter (FRDB): Operation and Output Filter Influence (2005)

The fast response double buck (FRDB) dc-dc converter was presented like a low output voltage dc-dc converter with fast transient response, in order to feed devices such as microprocessors and digital signal processors (DSPs). The topology of the FRDB is composed of two buck converters connected in parallel, each one of them with different features and aims, and controlled by means of the novel linear-non-linear (LnL) control. In this paper, the topology, the control strategy and the operation principle are shown. Finally, experimental results in different prototypes are presented to show both, the transient response and the recovery time when these prototypes are subjected to load current steps, and the influence of the output filter on these parameters.
<title>Intelligent Optical Disk Controller Architecture</title> (1983)

Optical Disc Recorder parameters are examined with respect to data and control management. Data processing requirements discussed include sync timing recovery and error management. Control processing requirements discussed include disc drive interface and user computer interface. In addition, the approach to data handling using an intelligent control processor is presented. The modular hardware controller described is adaptable to disc drive configurations: 1) to support data rates exceeding 100 Mb/s 2) to support multiple turntables per drive, 3) to support a jukebox library and automatic disc loader mechanism. The controller design considerations will be given along with the selected architecture.
Kinetically-enhanced polysulfide redox reactions by Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>nanocrystals for high-rate lithium–sulfur battery (2016)

Rational introduction of electrocatalytically-active nanocrystals into carbon–sulfur enables the accelerated kinetics of sulfur redox reactions, thus achieving an ultra-high-rate and long-life Li–S battery.