gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Power-Aware Wireless Virtualized Resource Allocation with D2D Communication Underlaying LTE Network (2016)

To meet the increasing mobile data services demand, several solutions have been proposed such as wireless resource virtualization and device-to-device (D2D) communication. Virtualization allows for more efficient utilization of the spectrum, reduces expenditures, and can support higher peak rates. D2D communication can achieve higher data rates due to the proximity of devices while controlling the interference it causes to cellular communication. However, the increase in data rate multimedia demand has led to an increase in global energy consumption. Thus, it is crucial to employ more energy-aware schemes as this would provide both environmental and financial gains for service providers. In this paper, we extend our work in [1] by formulating the problem of power-aware wireless resource virtualization with D2D communication underlaying the LTE network. Since the problem is a mixed integer non-linear programming problem (MINLP), it is divided into four smaller linear programs, each of which is solved to optimality. Two lower complexity heuristic algorithms to solve the power allocation problems are introduced. Results show significant savings at both eNodeB and D2D devices.
Newly Diagnosed Anemia Increases Risk of Parkinson’s disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study (2016)

Anemia and low hemoglobin have been identified to increase Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. This population-based cohort study investigated PD risk in newly diagnosed anemic patients by using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. All newly diagnosed anemic patients (n = 86,334) without a history of stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury, major operations, or blood loss diseases were enrolled. A cohort of nonanemic controls, 1:1 matched with anemic patients on the basis of the demographics and pre-existing medical conditions, was also included. Competing risk analysis was used to evaluate PD risk in anemic patients compared with that in their matched controls. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of PD risk in the anemic patients was 1.36 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-1.52, p < 0.001). Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) patients tended to exhibit a higher PD risk (aHR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.24-1.79, p < 0.001). Furthermore, Iron supplement did not significantly affect the PD risk: the aHRs for PD risk were 1.32 (95% CI: 1.07-1.63, p < 0.01) and 1.86 (95% CI: 1.46-2.35, p < 0.001) in IDA patients with and without iron supplementation, respectively. The population-based cohort study indicated newly diagnosed anemia increases PD risk.
Temperature-dependent formation of Ru-based nanocomposites: structures and properties (2014)

A new route to produce Ru-based nanocomposites with mixed valence states of ruthenium is reported in this paper via a solid-phase sintering process. Precursor particles were prepared by an intimate mixing of RuCl3 and native β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with a molar ratio of 1 : 1, followed by a sintering process at various temperatures ranging from 573 to 1173 K in ambient atmosphere. The so-obtained composite nanomaterials have been characterized by X-ray diffraction and notably the results show that an adjustment of the temperature enabled us to obtain Ru-based nanoparticles with controllable compositions. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering performances of the obtained nanomaterials have been analyzed using Rhodamine 6G (R6G) as the Raman probe. Their magnetic behaviors have been investigated as a function of the field strengths. The present work provides a significant advance in the development of both transformation in valence states of transition metals and in situ nanocomposites of metal/metal oxide combinations.
Taking into account variability in wireless communication devices performance (2015)

The quality of the radio link in a wireless communication is heavily dependent on what happens at both ends of the link, especially on the terminal side when the base station is in an elevated and free space location. In addition, these devices are often of highly varying performance and in widely variable kinds of environments, both regarding the local propagation context and the immediate (near field) medium. All this constitutes many sources of variability, which are not easily accounted for and which, in practice, are seldom considered.
Resistance of<i>Capnocytophaga canimorsus</i>to Killing by Human Complement and Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (2009)

Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a bacterium of the canine oral flora known since 1976 to cause rare but severe septicemia and peripheral gangrene in patients that have been in contact with a dog. It was recently shown that these bacteria do not elicit an inflammatory response (H. Shin, M. Mally, M. Kuhn, C. Paroz, and G. R. Cornelis, J. Infect. Dis. 195:375-386, 2007). Here, we analyze their sensitivity to the innate immune system. Bacteria from the archetype strain Cc5 were highly resistant to killing by complement. There was little membrane attack complex (MAC) deposition in spite of C3b deposition. Cc5 bacteria were as resistant to phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) as Yersinia enterocolitica MRS40, endowed with an antiphagocytic type III secretion system. We isolated Y1C12, a transposon mutant that is hypersensitive to killing by complement via the antibody-dependent classical pathway. The mutation inactivated a putative glycosyltransferase gene, suggesting that the Y1C12 mutant was affected at the level of a capsular polysaccharide or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure. Cc5 appeared to have several polysaccharidic structures, one being altered in Y1C12. The structure missing in Y1C12 could be purified by classical LPS purification procedures and labeled by tritiated palmitate, indicating that it is more likely to be an LPS structure than a capsule. Y1C12 bacteria were also more sensitive to phagocytosis by PMNs than wild-type bacteria. In conclusion, a polysaccharide structure, likely an LPS, protects C. canimorsus from deposition of the complement MAC and from efficient phagocytosis by PMNs.
Chemical constitution and bacteriostatic activity of isomeric hydroxybenzamides. II. Antimycotic substances (1963)

cf. CA 59, 2070e. Of the hydroxybenzamides tested, the o-hydroxybenzanilides with 1 or 2 halogen atoms in the anilide ring exhibit the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Highest activity was shown by the 4-bromoanilide and 2,4-dichloroanilide. The fact that the phenolic hydroxyl group has a marked influence on bacteriostatic properties was demonstrated by complete loss of such activity when shifting this group to the meta position. When, on the other hand, the hydroxyl substituent is shifted to the para position, the antibacterial effect was much enhanced, provided 2 Cl atoms were present in the aniline ring (p-hydroxybenz-2,3-dichloroanilide and p-hydroxybenz-2,4-dichloroanilide). An influence of halogen position on bacteriostatic activity is slightly noticeable in monohalogen derivs., but is very pronounced in dihalogenated hydroxybenzanilides. The 2,4-position proved to be the most favorable configuration.
Azo-group labelled polyesters by end-capping with 2-oxazoline derivatives– preparation (2001)

Two azobenzene containing 2-oxazolines were used for labelling of polyesters with carboxylic end groups by the end-capping method. The reaction proceeded under the conditions of reactive processing, and in a solution. High conversions in melt were achieved in several minutes. The coupling of the modifiers was proved by NMR spectroscopy.
Introduction (1994)

Minerals, naturally occurring solid-state compounds, form the firm earth under our feet, the hard rocks that make up continents, the ores of commercial importance, and the inaccessible depths of the earth and other planets. Mineralogy and crystallography have long been linked both esthetically, because many minerals occur as beautiful crystals, and intellectually, because the periodic arrangement of atoms in a crystal provides the fundamental explanation for all mineral properties. Indeed, elucidating crystal structures has been the main business of mineralogy for fifty years, from the first X-ray diffraction experiments around 1910 to the automation of diffraction techniques that came with the first small computers in the late sixties. This technological development spelled both the end and the beginning of an era. The end came in the sense that solving or refining a crystal structure no longer represents a laborious task in itself worthy of an advanced degree. The beginning was, and is, the opportunity to use crystallography as a tool, often in a comparative sense, to study many related structures and how they vary with imposed constraints of pressure, temperature, and composition. X-ray crystallography can now be used in combination with other emerging structural techniques such as neutron diffraction and electron microscopy, with spectroscopic studies, and with work on phase equilibria and thermochemistry. Crystallography and many spectroscopic tools have been rejuvenated by access to much higher intensity sources of radiation, such as those provided by synchrotrons.
Rôle du récepteur aux cannabinoïdes de type 1 (CB1) hypothalamique dans la régulation de la balance énergétique et de l’homéostasie du glucose (2013)

Le système endocannabinoïde est un acteur majeur de la régulation de la balance énergétique. Cependant, son rôle au niveau de l’hypothalamus, une région critique dans la régulation de la balance énergétique, reste méconnu. L’objectif général de ce travail de thèse a été de disséquer le rôle du récepteur aux cannabinoïdes de type 1 (CB1) exprimé par des populations neuronales hypothalamiques spécifiques dans la régulation de la balance énergétique et l’homéostasie du glucose en caractérisant trois nouvelles lignées de souris possédant une mutation conditionnelle de CB1. En régime standard, la délétion de CB1 dans l’hypothalamus induit une augmentation de la dépense énergétique et une baisse de prise de poids corporel sans modifier la prise alimentaire alors que la délétion de CB1 dans le noyau ventromédian de l’hypothalamus (VMN-CB1-KO) entraîne une baisse significative de masse grasse, une augmentation de l’oxydation des acides gras in vivo, une augmentation de l’activité du système nerveux sympathique (SNS) et un métabolisme du glucose périphérique amélioré. Enfin, la délétion de CB1 dans le noyau paraventriculaire de l’hypothalamus (PVN-CB1-KO) induit une baisse de poids sans modifier la prise alimentaire ni la composition corporelle. Lors de l’exposition à un régime riche en graisses, les souris VMN-CB1-KO prennent plus de poids et de masse grasse que les WT, tandis que les souris PVN-CB1-KO sont partiellement protégées de l’obésité alimentaire grâce à une dépense énergétique accrue.Ces résultats suggèrent que CB1 exprimé par différentes populations hypothalamiques joue un rôle différent dans la régulation de la balance énergétique, qui dépend aussi du régime alimentaire.
Characterization of an Optical Switch Based on a Four Discrete Position Digital Actuator for Telecommunication Applications (2014)

An optical fiber switch based on a digital actuator with four discrete positions is presented and characterized in this paper. These discrete positions are obtained through a magnetic holding of a Mobile Permanent Magnet (MPM) placed in a fixed square cavity. The MPM can switch between four discrete positions that correspond to the four corners of the square cavity. This digital actuator is used as base for a 1×4 fiber optical switch by fixing a prismatic mirror on the top side of the MPM. A matrix of this elementary unit can be easily obtained to perform a N×N optical fiber switch. In this paper, the digital actuator and the 1×4 optical switch are presented. Then, the specifications and characterization of the optical switch to be used in a telecommunication network are discussed. Finally, experimental test results are shown.
A Low-Cost 30-W Class X-Band GaN-on-Si MMIC Power Amplifier with a GaAs MMIC Output Matching Circuit (2018)

In this paper, a high output power and high gain X-band GaN-on-Si MMIC power amplifier with a GaAs MMIC output matching circuit is developed to achieve a low-cost and miniaturized module. A GaAs MMIC output matching circuit is employed to reduce circuit loss. Measured performance of the developed amplifier shows output power of 44.8 dBm (30.4 W), associated gain of 29.8 dB and PAE of 30 % in X-band. The developed amplifier achieves the highest output power, gain and PAE among X-band GaN-on-Si amplifiers ever reported. The developed amplifier is estimated to be less than half the cost of GaN-on-SiC amplifiers of the same size.
Hemicarceplexes That Release Guests upon Irradiation (1998)

Cleavage of one of the four bridging units in the two new types of hemicarceplexes presented here is sufficient to effect immediate guest release into the chloroform solvent (shown schematically on the right). The thermal stability and photoactivity of these hemicarceplexes indicate that incarceration is potentially useful for the controlled delivery of drugs.
Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐4 (rhBMP‐4) enhanced posterior spinal fusion without decortication (2009)

DOI: 10.1016/S0736-0266 (01) 00167-X When the authors recently read through their original paper, in order to expand part of their previous study, they discovered several errors which are shown below. For the most part, the values that were shown in milligrams were changed to micrograms. 1. Page 740—Abstract: line 7: Two animals underwent sham operation without bone grafts, the other 16 animals were randomly allocated into three groups, using hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP) ceramic blocks augmented with 0, 1.25 and 5 microgm of rhBMP-4 respectively. 2. Page 741—Preparation of Grafts: line 11-14: rhBMP-4 was diluted with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution to achieve the final concentration of 3.125 microgm/ml (solution 1) and 12.5 microgm/ml (solution 2). Animals in group II, III and IV received HA-TCP loaded with 0.4 ml PBS without rhBMP-4, 0.4 ml solution 1 (1.25 microgm rhBMP-4) and 0.4 ml solution 2 (5 microgm rhBMP-4) respectively. 3. Page 742—Table 1 Experiment groups 4. Page 743—Fig. 2. caption Fig. 2. Microradiography of sagittal sections of L5 and L6 transverse processes and the fusion mass at week 7. ITS: Intertransverse space: new bone formation. (a) Sham operation without decortication, (b) sham operation with decortication, (c) implantation of HA-TCP on decorticated L5-L6 transverse processes, (d) complete bony fusion after decorticated fusion with the application of 5 microgm rhBMP-4, and (e) complete bony fusion after un-decorticated fusion with application of 5 microgm rhBMP-4. The article to which this Erratum refers can be found in Wiley InterScience. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 2002; 20: 740-746. The authors regret these errors.
Tomographic Imaging in Practical Combustion Devices Based on Hyperspectral Absorption Spectroscopy (2009)

A hyperspectral tomography sensor has been developed to measure the distribution of temperature and chemical species. The spatial and temporal resolution enabled by this sensor is expected to resolve key issues in practical combustion devices.
Temporal summation of magnetic response to chromatic stimulus in the human visual cortex (2002)

The temporal-summation characteristics of the human visual cortex were investigated by recording the magnetic responses to isoluminant red-green gratings. In one condition, exposure duration (ED) of a single-pulse stimulus was varied between 16.7 ms and 200 ms, and in the other, stimulus-onset-asynchrony (SOA) of a double-pulse (presented for 16.7 ms each) stimulus was varied between 16.7 ms and 200 ms. The magnetic responses showed an initial peak at a latency of around 100 ms, the origin of which was estimated to be in the vicinity of the striate cortex. The peak amplitude increased with increasing ED and decreased with increasing SOA, showing a clear sign of temporal summation. The critical ED and SOA estimated from the peak amplitude vs. ED/SOA functions were about 50 ms. These values indicate the upper limit of temporal summation for chromatic stimuli in the human early visual cortex.
Paleomagnetic applications in hydrocarbon exploration and drilling operations (1983)

A new generation of high-sensitivity cryogenic magnetometers permits paleomagnetic applications in weakly magnetized sedimentary rocks. One of the most useful paleomagnetic applications is drill-core orientation, which is important for determining fracture orientations, for stress analysis, and for determining sediment transport directions. A 2-year study involving approximately 600 core plug samples from five wells in three Rocky Mountain basins yielded paleomagnetic orientations that agree with those obtained using the conventional photographic multishot technique. The strongest paleomagnetic signal in these rocks points toward the late Cenozoic paleomagnetic pole and probably represents a secondary magnetization imposed by thermal effects associated with the late Cenozoic uplift and tectonism in this region. Weaker paleomagnetic signals, reflecting earlier thermal, diagenetic, or depositional magnetizations are also commonly preserved in sedimentary rocks and can also be used to orient core.
Soluble carbohydrate content of ryegrass cultivars (2009)

A set of 18 ryegrass cultivars and breeders' lines, some selected for elevated concentrations of high molecular weight fructan, were compared for forage composition in mown row trials at two sites, in Canterbury and Manawatu. Cultivars varied significantly and consistently, with cultivars selected for elevated high molecular weight fructan showing consistently higher concentrations of these and total soluble carbohydrate, and lower concentrations of crude protein. Keywords: fructan, soluble carbohydrates, protein metabolism, forage quality, ryegrass breeding, cultivars
Remote Survey of the Leaning Tower of Pisa by Interferometric Sensing (2009)

The Leaning Tower of Pisa, one of the world-famous architectural marvels of Italian heritage, needs continuous surveying to assess its stability. In this letter, remote-sensing equipment recently developed by the authors, based on the principle of microwave radar interferometry, has been experimented to measure the frequency response of the Tower without requiring any contact with its structure. Wind and human traffic were used as natural excitation sources, allowing the natural frequencies of the first vibration mode of the Tower to be measured in the north-south and in the west-east directions. Modal shapes of the Tower vibrations were also obtained from data acquired by the radar.
Training ‘greeble’ experts: a framework for studying expert object recognition processes (1998)

Twelve participants were trained to be experts at identifying a set of 'Greebles', novel objects that, like faces, all share a common spatial configuration. Tests comparing expert with novice performance revealed: (1) a surprising mix of generalizability and specificity in expert object recognition processes; and (2) that expertise is a multi-faceted phenomenon, neither adequately described by a single term nor adequately assessed by a single task. Greeble recognition by a simple neural-network model is also evaluated, and the model is found to account surprisingly well for both generalization and individuation using a single set of processes and representations.
Heterogeneity of potassium currents in cultured oligodendrocytes (1988)

In the present study we have analyzed the membrane currents of mature oligodendrocytes in cultures from dissociated fetal mouse cerebral hemispheres and explant cultures from fetal mouse spinal cord. Both types of oligodendrocytes showed large voltage-dependent, but time-independent inward and outward currents that were partially blocked by Ba2+. In addition, time- and voltage-dependent inward and outward currents were observed in a minority of oligodendrocytes from spinal cord. All voltage-dependent currents were completely blocked by Ba2+, and inward currents were completely blocked by Cs+, suggesting that they are mediated by K+ channels. Current-voltage curves of mouse spinal cord oligodendrocytes varied from being linear to outwardly or inwardly rectifying. In contrast, oligodendrocytes cultured from mouse brain always showed an inward rectification of the current voltage relation and a lack of time-dependent currents. It thus appears that mature oligodendrocytes in explant cultures of mouse spinal cord, in contrast to oligodendrocytes from dissociated brain, consist of different cell populations that are distinguished by their expression or active state of K+ channels.
Negative‐Stain Transmission Electron Microscopy of Molecular Complexes for Image Analysis by 2D Class Averaging (2019)

Negative-stain transmission electron microscopy (EM) is a technique that has provided nanometer resolution images of macromolecules for about 60 years. Developments in cryo-EM image processing have maximized the information gained from averaging large numbers of particles. These developments can now be applied back to negative-stain image analysis to ascertain domain level molecular structure (10 to 20 Å) more quickly and efficiently than possible by atomic resolution cryo-EM. Using uranyl acetate stained molecular complexes of influenza hemagglutinin bound to Fab 441D6, we describe a simple and efficient means to collect several hundred micrographs with SerialEM. Using RELION, we illustrate how tens of thousands of complexes can be auto-picked and classified to accurately describe the domain level topology of this unconventional hemagglutinin head-domain epitope. By comparing to the cryo-EM density map of the same complex, we show that questions about epitope mapping and conformational heterogeneity can readily be answered by this negative-stain method. © 2019 The Authors.
Optical Assessment of the Interaction Between EL2 and EL6 Levels in Boron Implanted GaAs (1987)

The majority optical cross section and the concentration of levels with optical response induced by boron implantation at 1010 ions/cm2 in GaAs, have been obtained using the technique labelled Optical Isothermal Transient Spectroscopy, OITS, in an energy range between 0.8 eV and 1.4 eV. The experimental optical data measured at different annealing temperatures, show only the presence of the EL2 and EL6 electron trap levels. The optical behaviour found is in complete agreement with the existence of an interaction between these two deep levels, EL2 and EL6. Besides, this interaction has been found to be the origin of the U-band in the DLTS spectra and of the anomalous dependence of the level concentration on the annealing temperature deduced from the OITS and DLTS spectra.