gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Are Gene Regulation Networks Evolvable? (2011)

This chapter discusses some of the difficulties of development, which lie in the fact that, to develop, an organism must do different things at different times or in response to changes in its environment. Moreover, cells in organisms face different microenvironments within the organism and must change their activities accordingly. Human cells differ not because they have different genes inside them, but because of differences in the expression of genes. The gene regulation system is arguably one of the most ingenious systems in the body, since it must solve one of the most challenging difficulties of development. The gene is taken here to be a section of DNA that is directly utilized in the production of a messenger RNA transcript, which is then used to synthesize a particular protein.
A biometrics system based on haptics for user authentication in virtual environments (2007)

Haptics is the discipline that deals with the study of the complex sense of touch as an interface between human beings and machines. Consequently, haptic technology facilitates the exploration of and the interaction with the virtual world through touch. This can be done by utilizing special electro-mechanical interface devices equipped with specialized sensors. Haptic technology is being applied in many fields, such as scientific visualization, surgical procedures, education and arts. This research investigates the issues related to the usage of haptics as a mechanism to extract behavioral features that characterize a biometric identifier system. In order to test this possibility, we designed a haptic-biometric system in which, position, velocity, force, angular orientation of the end-effector and torque data, among other attributes extracted from given haptic interfaces, are continuously measured and stored as users perform a specific task. We first proved the applicability of the haptic technology to analyze the characteristics of human hand movement patterns while users are interacting with a particular haptic device. Then, we analyzed the information content of the haptic data generated directly from the haptic interface in order to select those of the greatest user-classificatory worth. For example, the physical attributes, such as force, angular orientation of the end-effector as well as torque are presumed to provide valuable information content pertaining to a user's unique behavior when he/she interacts with haptics in a Virtual Environment (VE). To analyze the information content, a new concept called entropic signature has been introduced, which characterizes both the way in which an individual is unique, and the magnitude of that uniqueness when using haptics in VE. Consequently, through a series of experimental works, which were based on the entropic signature approach, it was shown the suitability of haptics for authentication based on behavioral haptic biometrics. Moreover, we provided evidence that our proposed haptic-based biometric system is best suited in biometrics' verification mode rather than in biometric identification. In addition, we conducted further testing in order to discover individual's abilities and to evaluate their psychomotor patterns through selected tasks under different conditions such as stress, repeatability and concentration. Finally, an important and novel advantage of this research versus current authentication modes (biometrics and non-biometrics) is the fact that the authentication mode can be carried out at any given moment during the multimodal human-computer interaction process.
ICU nursing retention in a general hospital of China (2011)

Objective To explore ICU nursing retention so as to provide reference for the administrators.Methods Leanne Cowin scale of nursing retention was adopted to conduct questionnaires among ICU nurses in the General Hospital of Wenzhou.Data were recorded in office 2003 Excel and analyzed with SPSS12.0 by variance.Results ICU nurses' will of retention in general hospital was lower than the average in Wenzhou city,especially the nurses with high professional title and those highly educated.Conclusion The income of ICU nurses should be promoted and the professional development of nurses with high professional title and high educational diploma should be emphasized by the administrators.Promotion of humane management will be likely to increase nursing retention.
Optical Interconnects For Multiprocessors (1988)

Advances in the performance of electronic devices for computing and signal processing are being largely negated by problems associated with interconnecting these devices to form systems. Metallic interconnects are proving to be more and more costly, especially with respect to processing speeds. The use of optical beams in place of electronic streams is very appealing from several viewpoints. Current technology can provide multi-gigahertz bandwidths for the interconnect channels and can support many times the fan-out as compared to electronics. Significant gains will also be realized in reduced cross-talk and in the power required to drive longer links. Also, optical interconnections between chips need no longer be constrained to the plane of chip carriers and boards, and can cross one another without interfering, thereby leading to a much higher density of interconnects.
Frustum ConvNet: Sliding Frustums to Aggregate Local Point-Wise Features for Amodal 3D Object Detection (2019)

In this work, we propose a novel method termed \emph{Frustum ConvNet (F-ConvNet)} for amodal 3D object detection from point clouds. Given 2D region proposals in an RGB image, our method first generates a sequence of frustums for each region proposal, and uses the obtained frustums to group local points. F-ConvNet aggregates point-wise features as frustum-level feature vectors, and arrays these feature vectors as a feature map for use of its subsequent component of fully convolutional network (FCN), which spatially fuses frustum-level features and supports an end-to-end and continuous estimation of oriented boxes in the 3D space. We also propose component variants of F-ConvNet, including an FCN variant that extracts multi-resolution frustum features, and a refined use of F-ConvNet over a reduced 3D space. Careful ablation studies verify the efficacy of these component variants. F-ConvNet assumes no prior knowledge of the working 3D environment and is thus dataset-agnostic. We present experiments on both the indoor SUN-RGBD and outdoor KITTI datasets. F-ConvNet outperforms all existing methods on SUN-RGBD, and at the time of submission it outperforms all published works on the KITTI benchmark. Code has been made available at: {\url{https://github.com/zhixinwang/frustum-convnet}.}
Some New Reactions and Derivatives of Azulene<sup>1</sup> (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSome New Reactions and Derivatives of Azulene1Arthur G. Anderson Jr., Donald J. Gale, Richard N. McDonald, Robert Griffin Anderson, and Robert C. RhodesCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1964, 29, 6, 1373–1377Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1964https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01029a025https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01029a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views311Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Laboring Landscape (2010)

Abstract This chapter examines work by Nabuco and the longtime planter Julio Bello, along with Lins do Rego and Freyre, to analyze the landscape discourse that crystallized among the elite in written, elaborated form through multiple mediums in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, a crucial period of change for the region that established a pattern for much of the twentieth century. During this period some members of the traditional planter class were forced out of their positions as a new production mo-del emerged; this crisis not only changed the enterprise of agriculture, it also transmuted itself into this distinct intellectual formation. This discourse came to define how Pernambuco thought about itself, putting in written form an understanding of the world.
Electrocutaneous Stimulation with High Voltage Capacitive Discharges (1983)

This paper presents research on the sensory and electrical properties of human subjects in response to electrical stimuli from highvoltage capacitive discharges. Threshold data for single monophasic transient stimuli are analyzed. The psychophysical measurements are related to a neuroelectric model with parameters that depend on some of the basic properties of excitable membranes.
BACTERIOSTATIC ACTIVITIES OF HOP RESIN MATERIALS (1957)

The bacteriostatic activities of humulone, cohumulone, adhumulone and various derivatives of humulone against two Lactobacillus spp. and an Acetobacter sp. Were measured, using a simple haemocytometer technique. The α-acids themselves showed considerable activity against the Lactobacillus spp. tested (gram positive), but none was shown against the Acetobacter sp. (gram negative). Humulinone and its transformation products had no marked activity.
How Should Aerosols Be Delivered During Invasive Mechanical Ventilation? (2017)

The delivery of aerosols to mechanically ventilated patients presents unique challenges and differs from inhaled drug delivery in spontaneously breathing patients in several respects. Successful aerosol delivery during invasive mechanical ventilation requires careful consideration of a host of factors that influence the amount of drug inhaled by the patient. Pressurized metered-dose inhalers and nebulizers (jet, ultrasonic, and vibrating mesh) are the most commonly used aerosol delivery devices in these patients, although other delivery devices, such as dry powder inhalers, soft mist inhalers, and intratracheal nebulizing catheters, could also be adapted for in-line use. Bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids, antibiotics, pulmonary surfactant, mucolytics, biologicals, genes, prostanoids, and other agents are administered by inhalation during mechanical ventilation for a variety of indications. The goals of inhalation therapy during mechanical ventilation could be best achieved by (1) assuring drug delivery; (2) optimizing drug deposition in the lung; (3) providing consistent dosing; (4) avoiding inappropriate therapies; (5) achieving reproducible dosing; (6) employing clinically feasible methods; (7) enhancing the safety of inhaled drugs; and (8) controlling costs of aerosol therapy. The techniques of administration of aerosols with various delivery devices during mechanical ventilation are well known, but there continues to be significant variation in clinical practice and guidelines are needed to provide best practices for a wide range of clinical settings encountered in mechanically ventilated patients.
Effects of different foliar fertilizers on the physiology and biochemistry of tomato and population ecology of Bemisia tabaci (2013)

施肥可以影响植物的生长和营养状况, 从而影响植食性昆虫的生长发育、繁殖和为害等。在室内条件下[(25±1) ℃, L∶D=14 h∶10 h, 70%~80%RH]研究了氨基酸叶面肥、植物营养素和支链氨基酸3种肥料叶面喷施对番茄植株生长及烟粉虱生长发育和繁殖的影响。结果表明, 施氨基酸叶面肥处理能明显促进番茄植株生长, 株高、叶片展幅、叶面积显著高于对照, 其次为施植物营养素处理。不同叶面肥处理影响番茄叶片矿物质及营养物质含量(N和糖含量没有显著差异), P、蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量与番茄生长指标株高、叶片展幅、叶面积基本呈正比, 而K则相反; 不同处理间的叶片叶绿素和水含量基本无显著差异。不同叶面肥处理番茄植株上烟粉虱生长发育及生殖表现存在差异, 发育历期在氨基酸叶面肥处理番茄上最长(22.95 d), 其次为植物营养素处理(22.83 d), 最短的为对照处理(21.78 d), 显著短于氨基酸叶面肥和植物营养素处理; 存活率总体受叶面肥影响不大; 烟粉虱1龄若虫体型在支链氨基酸处理番茄上较大, 对照上较小, 但随着龄期的发育, 氨基酸叶面肥处理番茄上的4龄若虫体型达到最大, 对照上的仍为最小。烟粉虱雌成虫寿命在支链氨基酸处理番茄上最长(26.64 d), 植物营养素上的最短(16.92 d), 两者差异显著; 产卵量在支链氨基酸处理番茄上最高(190.55粒), 对照上的最低(119.91粒), 差异达到显著水平。烟粉虱内禀增长率在植物营养素处理番茄上最高(0.474 9), 而在氨基酸叶面肥处理上, 内禀增长率与对照相比并没有明显提高(分别为0.406 4和0.405 4)。施肥在促进作物生长的同时, 也为植食性昆虫提供了良好的营养条件, 作物产量的增加和害虫为害造成的损失两者之间的平衡是获得收益的关键。本研究中氨基酸叶面肥能明显促进番茄生长, 对烟粉虱取食产卵有利, 但同时会延长烟粉虱的发育历期, 且氨基酸叶面肥处理番茄上的烟粉虱雌成虫寿命和生殖力并非最高, 抵消了营养对烟粉虱的有利作用。同时, 氨基酸叶面肥不会提高烟粉虱的内禀增长率, 也就是不会促进烟粉虱的种群增长, 在生产中有良好的应用前景。
Creative optomechanical tolerancing in lens systems (1998)

The interface between optical design and fine-mechanical design is a creatively fertile stage in the design of an optical system. The optical designer learns `What the system is all about' and the fine-mechanical engineer is liberated creatively by finding out what the priorities are. On the other hand, optical tolerancing as a discipline, which is an attractive mix of optical physics at one end and hard-nosed mechanical pragmatism at the other, has a relatively fragmented literature. It is the purpose of this paper to (1) Point out some cultural contrasts between optical engineers, mechanical engineers and physicists in this context, (2) To present a new method of displaying the optical surface sensitivities so that one may identify datum surfaces in an intuitive way and (3) To summarize some useful formulae which provide a key to the mounting of optical components. Together these three aspects illustrate the scenery of this fertile terrain.
From Authorship to Contributorship (1998)

Shared authorship in nursing research presents practical and ethical dilemmas and does not effectively capture individual research participation and accountability. This study, which defined author contributions and practices in multiauthored nursing research, contributed to a better understanding of contemporary author participation and the inherent challenges faced by nurse scholars in determining authorship credit. A method of "contributorship" is proposed which would delineate individual contributions to the research project while maintaining professional integrity, scientific accountability, and scholarly recognition.
Organo-Aluminium Compounds. I. Preparation and Properties of Some Phenylaluminium Compounds (1963)

Reaction of phenylmagnesium halides with aluminium chloride affords a good route to triphenylaluminium etherate and hence to triphenylaluminium, diphenylaluminium chloride, and phenylaluminium dichloride. The molecular weights of these compounds were determined ebulliometrically. Diphenylaluminium chloride and phenylaluminium dichloride form mono-etherates. Possible reactions with benzene, toluene, chloroform, mercuric chloride, and organic halides were examined. A convenient preparation of diphenylmercury is described.
Sustainable Passenger Transportation: Dynamic Ride-Sharing (2009)

textabstractRide-share systems, which aim to bring together travelers with similar itineraries and time schedules, may provide significant societal and environmental benefits by reducing the number of cars used for personal travel and improving the utilization of available seat capacity. Effective and efficient optimization technology that matches drivers and riders in real-time is one of the necessary components for a successful ride-share system. We formally define dynamic ride-sharing and outline the optimization challenges that arise when developing technology to support ride-sharing. We hope that this paper will encourage more research by the transportation science and logistics community in this exciting, emerging area of public transportation.
Improving accuracy of genomic predictions within and between dairy cattle breeds with imputed high-density single nucleotide polymorphism panels (2012)

Achieving accurate genomic estimated breeding values for dairy cattle requires a very large reference population of genotyped and phenotyped individuals. Assembling such reference populations has been achieved for breeds such as Holstein, but is challenging for breeds with fewer individuals. An alternative is to use a multi-breed reference population, such that smaller breeds gain some advantage in accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) from information from larger breeds. However, this requires that marker-quantitative trait loci associations persist across breeds. Here, we assessed the gain in accuracy of GEBV in Jersey cattle as a result of using a combined Holstein and Jersey reference population, with either 39,745 or 624,213 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The surrogate used for accuracy was the correlation of GEBV with daughter trait deviations in a validation population. Two methods were used to predict breeding values, either a genomic BLUP (GBLUP_mod), or a new method, BayesR, which used a mixture of normal distributions as the prior for SNP effects, including one distribution that set SNP effects to zero. The GBLUP_mod method scaled both the genomic relationship matrix and the additive relationship matrix to a base at the time the breeds diverged, and regressed the genomic relationship matrix to account for sampling errors in estimating relationship coefficients due to a finite number of markers, before combining the 2 matrices. Although these modifications did result in less biased breeding values for Jerseys compared with an unmodified genomic relationship matrix, BayesR gave the highest accuracies of GEBV for the 3 traits investigated (milk yield, fat yield, and protein yield), with an average increase in accuracy compared with GBLUP_mod across the 3 traits of 0.05 for both Jerseys and Holsteins. The advantage was limited for either Jerseys or Holsteins in using 624,213 SNP rather than 39,745 SNP (0.01 for Holsteins and 0.03 for Jerseys, averaged across traits). Even this limited and nonsignificant advantage was only observed when BayesR was used. An alternative panel, which extracted the SNP in the transcribed part of the bovine genome from the 624,213 SNP panel (to give 58,532 SNP), performed better, with an increase in accuracy of 0.03 for Jerseys across traits. This panel captures much of the increased genomic content of the 624,213 SNP panel, with the advantage of a greatly reduced number of SNP effects to estimate. Taken together, using this panel, a combined breed reference and using BayesR rather than GBLUP_mod increased the accuracy of GEBV in Jerseys from 0.43 to 0.52, averaged across the 3 traits.
From lipoic acid to multi‐enzyme complexes (1998)

I shall retrace the high points of a trail of research that I have had the pleasure of establishing in association with many collaborators.This trail has led from the isolation and identification of a microbial growth factor to the structure.function, and regulation of a-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes.The high points of this trail in the 1950s were the isolation, characterization, and synthesis of lipoic acid and identification of its functional form.In the late 1950s and into the 1960s the trail led to the isolation, resolution, and reconstitution of the Escherichia coli pyruvate and a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes, characterization of their component enzymes, and elucidation of their macromolecular organization.In the late 1960s part of our research effort was directed toward isolating and characterizing the bovine pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex.In the early stage of this investigation we found that the complex is regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation.Resolution of the mammalian PDH complex and characterization of its component enzymes, including the kinase and the phosphatase, continued in the 1970s and early 1980s.We also obtained evidence that the dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase components of the E. coli and bovine PDH complexes possess a multi-domain structure.In the 1980s we isolated and characterized the bovine branchedchain a-keto acid dehydrogenase complex and the phosphatase that regulates its activity.In the late 1980s and early 1990s we cloned and disrupted the genes encoding the components of the Succhammyces cerevisiue PDH complex and used protein engineering techniques to study structure-function relationships.In the mid-1 990s we cloned, sequenced, and expressed cDNAs encoding the two subunits comprising bovine PDH phosphatase and gained a deeper understanding of their nature and regulation (Fig. I).This trail of discovery started in the spring of 1949, about six months after I joined the faculty of the Department of Chemishy at The University of Texas.At that time I started working on the
Inhibition of poly‐<scp>ADP</scp> ribose polymerase enzyme activity prevents hyperglycemia‐induced impairment of angiogenesis during wound healing (2014)

We previously reported a zebrafish model of type I diabetes mellitus (DM) that can be used to study the hyperglycemic (HG) and metabolic memory (MM) states within the same fish. Clinically, MM is defined as the persistence of diabetic complications even after glycemic control is pharmacologically achieved. In our zebrafish model, MM occurs following β-cell regeneration, which returns fish to euglycemia. During HG, fish acquire tissue deficits reflective of the complications seen in patients with DM and these deficits persist after fish return to euglycemia (MM). The unifying mechanism for the induction of diabetic complications involves a cascade of events that is initiated by the HG stimulation of poly-ADP ribose polymerase enzyme (Parp) activity. Additionally, recent evidence shows that the HG induction of Parp activity stimulates changes in epigenetic mechanisms that correlate with the MM state and the persistence of complications. Here we report that wound-induced angiogenesis is impaired in DM and remains impaired when fish return to a euglycemic state. Additionally, inhibition of Parp activity prevented the HG-induced wound angiogenesis deficiency observed. This approach can identify molecular targets that will provide potential new avenues for therapeutic discovery as angiogenesis imbalances are associated with all HG-damaged tissues.
Development of a simulated data set for the SeaWiFS mission (1997)

A realistic simulated data set is essential for mission readiness preparations and can potentially assist in all phases of ground support for a future mission. Such a data set was created for the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS), a global ocean color mission due for launch in 1997. This data set incorporates a representation of virtually every known aspect of the flight mission. Thus, it provides a high fidelity data set for testing most phases of the ground system, including data processing, data transfers, calibration and validation, quality control, and mission operations. The data set is constructed for a seven-day period, March 25-31, 1994. Specific features of the data set: it includes Global Area Coverage (GAC), recorded Local Area Coverage (LAC), and real-time High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) data for the seven-day period; it includes a realistic orbit which is propagated using a Brouwer-Lyddane model with drag; the data correspond to a command schedule based on the orbit for this seven-day period; it includes total (at-satellite) radiances for ocean, land, clouds, and ice; it utilizes a high-resolution land/sea mask; it includes actual SeaWiFS spectral responses; it includes the actual sensor saturation responses; it is formatted according to current onboard data structures; and it includes corresponding telemetry (instrument and spacecraft) data. The methods are described and some examples of the output are given.