gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
XML schema language: taking XML to the next level (2001)

Schemas add data typing and inheritance features, giving XML the sophistication required to create enterprise-class business applications. The XML schema language describes the legal structure, content, and constraints of XML documents. The XML schema language provides the necessary framework for creating XML documents by specifying the valid structure, constraints, and data types for the various elements and attributes of an XML document. Schema language provides enhanced as well as more comprehensive and powerful features than a document type definition (DTD). The XML schema language provides the rich data typing associated with ordinary programming languages. The W3C XML schema specification defines several different built-in data types, such as string, integer, Boolean, date, and time, among others. The specification also provides the capability for defining new types. Developers can use these built-in as well as user-defined data types to effectively define and constrain XML document attributes and element values.
Synthesis, and Structural and Thermal Characterizations of Tetrasulfonated Poly(arylene biphenylsulfone ether) Copolymer Ion Conducting Electrolytes (2011)

High molecular weight tetrasulfonated poly(arylene biphenylsulfone ether) (TsPBPSEH) copolymers containing up to four pendant sulfonate groups per repeat unit were synthesized via aromatic nucleophilic displacement condensation from 4,4'-bis(4-chloro-3-sulfonatophenylsulfonyl)biphenyl-2,2'-disulfonate (SBCSBPD), 4,4'-dichlorodiphenylsulfone (DCDPS) and 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol (6F-BPA). The synthesized copolymers were structurally characterized using <TEX>$^1H$</TEX> NMR and FT-IR techniques. They were analytically pure, amorphous and were readily soluble in a wide range of organic solvents. Electrolyte membranes were successfully cast using the synthesized polymers with various sulfonation levels and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. This new class of polymer membranes exhibited elevated thermal and physical stabilities and reduced swelling at high temperatures. An increase of acidic functional groups in the copolymer yielded high ion exchange capacity and moderate ionic conductivity values even at higher temperatures, which makes them potential ion conducting candidates.
Self-Assembly of Particles for Densest Packing by Mechanical Vibration (2006)

It is shown that by properly controlling vibrational and charging conditions, the transition from disordered to ordered, densest packing of particles can be obtained consistently. The method applies to both spherical and nonspherical particles. For spheres, face centered cubic packing with different orientations can be achieved by monitoring the vibration amplitude and frequency, and the structure of the bottom layer, in particular. The resultant force structures are ordered but do not necessarily correspond to the packing structures fully. The implications of the findings are also discussed.
Difficult-to-Treat or Resistant Hypertension: Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Innovative Therapies (2011)

Despite the many therapeutic options available today for the treatment of hypertension, a sizable number of patients still remain resistant to treatment. The prevalence of resistant hypertension in the general population under optimal conditions is about 3-5%. Although several factors and conditions can be identified and corrected a percentage of hypertensive patients remain with unacceptably high blood pressure levels. The high prevalence of hypertension in the general population renders this small percentage significant, in terms of actual patient numbers. This special issue of the journal expoars a whole spectrum of topics related to resistant hypertension: several articles address pathophysiolog and secondary causes of resistant hypertension and modern approaches to therapy. Of interest is the referance to the newer interventional approaches, that is, Baroreceptor stimulation therapy and catheter based sympathetic renal denervation.
Principles and Applications of Echo-planar Imaging: A Review for the General Radiologist (2001)

Echo-planar imaging is a very fast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique capable of acquiring an entire MR image in only a fraction of a second. In single-shot echo-planar imaging, all the spatial-encoding data of an image can be obtained after a single radio-frequency excitation. Multishot echo-planar imaging results in high-quality images comparable to conventional MR images. However, echo-planar imaging offers major advantages over conventional MR imaging, including reduced imaging time, decreased motion artifact, and the ability to image rapid physiologic processes of the human body. The use of echo-planar imaging has already resulted in significant advances in clinical diagnosis and scientific investigation, such as in evaluation of stroke and functional imaging of the human brain, respectively. The clinical indications for echo-planar imaging are expanding rapidly, and it can now be applied to many parts of the body, including the brain, abdomen, and heart. Today, with the availability of echo-planar imaging-capable MR imagers at many sites, the general radiologist can benefit from echo-planar imaging and its clinical applications.
Effect of human leukocyte interferon on invasiveness of Salmonella species in HEp-2 cell cultures (1983)

The effect of human leukocyte interferon on the invasiveness of Salmonella and Shigella species in HEp-2 cell cultures was examined. The intracellular and extracellular bacteria were identified by a combination of Nomarski differential interference contrast microscopy and UV incident light microscopy applied on the same microscope. Pretreatment of HEp-2 cells with human leukocyte interferon reduced the number of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella paratyphi-B bacteria per cell and the proportion of cells containing bacteria in a dose-dependent manner. Maximum inhibitory effect was observed with ca. 100 U of interferon per ml. The inhibitory effect was neutralized with anti-human interferon globulin. Murine fibroblast interferon did not influence the invasiveness of Salmonella species. Invasiveness of Shigella flexneri was not influenced by treatment of cells with human interferon.
REGULATION OF DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY (1982)

Mice develop highly significant levels of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to major and minor histocompatibility antigens when injected s.c. with lymphoid cells from X-irradiated allogeneic donors. However, when mice are inoculated i.v. with a high dose of X-irradiated allogeneic lymphoid cells, they not only fail to develop DTH to the allogeneic cells, but their ability to respond to an immunogenic challenge of the alloantigens is also significantly depressed. This suppression is adoptively transferable by antigen-specific suppressor T cells and not by immune serum. Cell surface phenotypic analysis shows that the primary suppressor cells for alloantigens are Thy-1+, Lyt-1+2-, and Ia-, whereas the secondary suppressor cells appearing after boosting injection are Thy-1+, Lyt-1+2+, and Ia-. These suppressor T (Ts) cells localize in the lymphoid organs shortly after their induction and are largely absent from the spleen or lymph node 1 month later. However, "suppressor memory" can be recalled by an immunogenic dose of alloantigens which would normally induce DTH effector cells rather than suppressor cells in naive mice. When the suppressor cells were cultured in vitro for 48 hr, the supernatant contained suppressive activity. It appears likely that the manifestation of the suppressor cells is via soluble, antigen-specific suppressor factor(s), the production of which is dependent on viable T cells.
Synthesis and Performance of High Efficiency Cosurfactants: 2. Commercial Variants (1992)

ABSTRACT Commercially viable cosurfactant species of enhanced surface activity were used to formulate middle phase microemulsions. These cosurfactants were made from butanol, with randomly added equal weights of ethoxylate (EO) and propoxylate (PO) groups, to give a wide variation in molecular weight. It was found that cosurfactant requirements for microemulsion formation with the highest molecular weight compound studied was reduced more than an order of magnitude when compared to 2-butanol.
Spontaneous venous pulsations should be monitored during glaucoma therapy (2002)

It is well established that lowering intraocular pressure slows or halts progression of glaucoma. None the less, changes in intracranial pressure also affect the pressure gradient across the lamina cribrosa. Normal intraocular pressures combined with low intracranial pressures produce the same pressure differential across the laminae as elevated intraocular pressures in conjunction with normal intracranial pressures.1–3 Failing to …
Evaluation of Procedures and Instrumentation Available for Time-Temperature Stability Studies of Crosslinked Fluids (1980)

ABSTRACT The rheological characterization of crosslinked fracturing fluids, even at ambient conditions, has proven to be a very difficult task. Because no unique Theological parameters exist for time-shear dependent fluids, the utility of n’ and K’ data gathered on these fluids depends entirely on the validity of the methodology used to prepare and evaluate the fluids. Since the prediction of fracture geometry and proppant placement is highly dependent on the n’ and K’ values used, it is imperative that the rheo-logical parameters are representative of the fluid that is used in the field. Present methods used to prepare cross-linked fluids for rheological characterization will be discussed. Criteria useful in evaluating laboratory procedures will be presented. Only a limited amount of instrumentation is available for measuring the rheological properties of fluids at temperatures greater than 212°F (100°C). The inherent limitations of the available equipment will be reviewed and data showing the effect of procedural variations will be presented. Procedures aimed at providing time-temperature stability data will also be presented.
A retail supply chain risk assessment conceptual model (2003)

\n\t\t\t\t\tSupply chains are increasingly relying on information and communications technologies and in particular electronic commerce to facilitate transactions between supply chain partners. The adoption of these enabling technologies brings several enhancements to the conduct of business including gains in efficiency. However there are also drawbacks inherent in these technologies that include threats that are imposed on businesses that use them. This paper presents a study on retail supply chains and the risks and vulnerabilities that cooperating supply chain partners are exposed to when adopting these technologies. In particular, the paper discusses the various threats and vulnerabilities of retail supply and presents a conceptual model of such risks.<br />\n\t\t\t\t