gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid identification of metal‐binding peptoid oligomers by on‐resin <scp>X</scp>‐ray fluorescence screening (2014)

N-Substituted glycine peptoid oligomers have recently attracted attention for their metal binding capabilities. Due to their efficient synthesis on solid phase, peptoids are well suited for generation of compound libraries, followed by screening for molecular recognition and other diverse functional attributes. Ideally, peptoids could be simultaneously screened for binding to a number of metal species. Here, we demonstrate the use of bench-top X-ray fluorescence (XRF) instrumentation to screen rapidly, on solid support, a library of peptoid oligomers incorporating metal-binding functionalities. A subset of the peptoid sequences exhibited significant metal binding capabilities, including a peptoid pentamer and a nonamer that were shown to selectively bind nickel. The binding capabilities were validated by colorimetric assay and by depletion of Ni(2+) ion concentration from solution, establishing bench-top XRF as a rapid, practicable high-throughput screening technique for peptoid oligomers. This protocol will facilitate discovery of metallopeptoids with unique material properties.
Ruthenium doped high power 1.48 μm SIPBH laser (2003)

SIPBH 1.48 /spl mu/m pumping laser diodes with ruthenium doped InP semi-insulating layers are demonstrated for the first time. Structures with an InP:Ru layer, an InP:Ru and additional n-InP hole block, and a reference structure with InP:Fe and n-InP are compared. The use of an n-InP hole blocking layer is necessary to obtain high output power. Light output power of 190 mW is obtained for a SIPBH with InP:Ru in comparison to 207 mW for the InP:Fe reference structure at 700 mA. With an improved active layer design 275 mW of output power was demonstrated at 1000 mA.
Hysteresis and multiple pulsing in a semiconductor disk laser with a saturable absorber (2008)

We report on bistable mode-locking in a semiconductor disk laser. The disk laser mode-locked with a semiconductor saturable absorber is investigated for different designs of the gain medium that allow the hysteresis loop to be controlled. Hysteresis formation in the pulsed regime of a semiconductor oscillator with saturable absorption and unsaturated gain is discussed qualitatively. The laser represents an attractive setup for generation and manipulation of dissipative solitons and observation of their interaction.
Pyrrolo[1,2-c]thiazole, a ring-fused nonclassical thiazole system (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPyrrolo[1,2-c]thiazole, a ring-fused nonclassical thiazole systemJohn M. KaneCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 26, 5396–5397Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01314a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01314a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views179Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Quantitative structure-activity relationships: analysis of interactions of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2-substituted analogues with rat, mouse, guinea pig, and hamster cytosolic receptor. (1987)

The competitive receptor binding affinities of thirteen 2-substituted 3,7,8-trichlorodibenzo-p-dioxins to hepatic cytosol from rat, mouse, guinea pig, and hamster were determined with [3H]-2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin as the radioligand. Multiple parameter linear regression analysis of the binding data from the four species gave the following equations: pEC50 (rat) = 7.196 + 0.600 pi - 0.255 delta Es - 1.683 HB pEC50 (mouse) = 6.365 + 1.641 pi + 1.206 sigma 0 pEC50 (hamster) = 7.416 + 1.026 pi + 0.509 delta Es + 0.748 sigma 0 pEC50 (guinea pig) = 6.892 + 1.035 pi where pi, delta Es, HB, sigma 0, and Vw are physicochemical parameters for substituent lipophilicity, steric effect, hydrogen bonding capacity, electronegativity, and van der Waals volume (relative to H), respectively. These equations demonstrate that there are important species differences in the receptor protein binding site interactions with the substituted analogues. These data, coupled with the known species differences in the molecular properties of the receptor proteins, are evidence for a heterologous nature of the receptor between mammalian species. Multiple parameter linear regression analysis of the relative aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) induction potencies of these analogues in rat hepatoma H-4-II E-cells in culture gave the following equation. The correlation pEC50 (AHH induction) = 3.208 + 0.950 pEC50 (rat binding) - 0.955 delta B5 between receptor binding and AHH induction was dependent on a steric parameter (delta B5, STERIMOL) and the results suggest that an additional substituent-dependent process (e.g., an activation step) may be required after initial ligand-receptor binding for the ultimate expression of the receptor-mediated response (i.e., AHH induction).
Valorisation of olive mill wastewater by enhancement of natural hydroxytyrosol recovery (2014)

Summary Recovery of natural and simple phenolic compounds with high added value was performed successfully from olive mill wastewater. Three types of olive mill wastewater were assayed in bioconversion at 15 and 40 L in mechanically stirred systems for 2 h at 50 °C. Maximum hydroxytyrosol concentrations of about 1.53, 0.83 and 0.46 g L −1 were obtained in the presence of 5 IU Aspergillus niger β‐glucosidase per milliliter of OMW in North OMW , MSP and MCC , which were 2.70‐, 1.38‐ and 1.77‐fold higher than the controls, respectively. Enzymatic pretreatment was followed by two tangential flow membrane separation steps, microfiltration ( MF ) and ultrafiltration ( UF ), and concentration procedures for the ultrafiltration permeate. The latter exhibited a COD level of 48.44 g L −1 . The UF permeate concentration increased the hydroxytyrosol concentration to 7.2 g L −1 . Hence, this innovative work described an environmently friendly process; pilot‐scale has allowed producing a new and natural product which obeyed the dietary requirements; it contains some minerals beneficial to health and does not contain heavy metals or chemicals. Overall, this chemical‐free large‐scale process proved efficient for recovery of natural hydroxytyrosol.
New composite ion‐exchange resins made from neutral precursors (1976)

Abstract The preparation of composite ion‐exchange or “no‐matrix” resins by polymerizing a mixture of basic and acidic monomers is a practical proposition only if some means can be found to minimize interaction between the monomers, so that the sites in the final polymer are not rendered inactive by internal salt formation. This paper reports one method of avoiding the strong interaction between the oppositely charged monomers by employing one or both of the monomers as an electrically neutral precursor. After carrying out the polymerization, the groups may be converted to a usable form by hydrolysis. The effect of solvent, the acid to base ratio, the degree of crosslinking, and the effect of the nature of the initiator on the preparation and properties of no‐matrix resins prepared using neutral acid precursors was studied; it was found that no‐matrix resins may be obtained with thermally regenerable capacities comparable to “plum pudding” resins.
235 The Effects of Lubricant on the Characteristics of the Magnetic Abrasive Brush in Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (2003)

The effects of lubricant on the characteristics of the magnetic abrasive brush are explicated. The normal force is measured with several sorts of lubricant, and their differences in the characteristics are studied Comparative experiments are also conducted with three types of magnetic particles in order to confirm the effects of lubricant. Measurements of the normal force are carried out by force measuring equipment, which has 4 semi-circular springs with strain gages mounted on each spring surface. The measuring equipment is set on the table of the magnetic finishing machine converted from an ordinary milling machine. The results of this experiment show that there is a strong relation between lubrication and force transmission in the magnetic abrasive brush. The force generated by the magnetic abrasive brush without lubricant is stronger than that with soluble or emulsion type cutting fluid during pole rotation, although there is no dispersion in the normal force of the brush before the pole rotates.
Abstract 839: HER2 expression occurs early in breast cancer dissemination (2010)

Abstract Background: Systemic spread of disseminated tumor cells from the primary site may occur early in breast tumorigenesis. The role of HER2 in breast cancer (BC) dissemination is not well understood. We evaluated the expression of HER2 on peripheral blood Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) from women with various stages of breast cancer (BC). Methods: 81 women with preinvasive breast lesions (Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia, Lobular Carcinoma In Situ and Ductal Carcinoma In Situ), 101 women with early invasive BC and 35 women with metastatic BC were included. CTCs were defined as Cytokeratin 8,18,19+/CD45-/DAPI+ cells detected using the CellSearch® technology. Any staining for HER2 on CTCs using the CellSearch® HER2 profiling kit was considered positive. HER2 detection was calibrated through peripheral blood spiking experiments with MCF7 and SKBR3 cells. Results: &gt; 1 CTCs/22.5mL of blood were detected in 6 of 81 (7%) women with preinvasive breast lesions (range 0-3 CTCs) and 15 of 101 (15%) women with early invasive BC (range 0-8 CTCs), whereas &gt; 1 CTCs/7.5mL of blood were detected in 17 of 35 (49%) women with metastatic BC (range 0-1160 CTCs) (p&lt;0.001). HER2 expression on CTCs was not associated with estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression or the histological grade of the primary tumor. In women with detectable CTCs, the ratio of HER2-positive CTCs/total CTCs was higher in HER2-positive than HER2-negative primary tumors (p=0.023). Despite a higher detection rate of CTCs, the ratio of HER2-positive CTCs/total CTCs was lower in metastatic BC (median 0.15, range 0-1.0) than in preinvasive (median 1.0, range 0-1.0) or early invasive BC (median 1.0, range 0.3-1.0) (p&lt;0.001). Similar results were observed when only HER2-negative primary tumors were considered (p=0.004). Conclusion: This is the first report showing that HER2-positive CTCs can be detected in women with preinvasive breast lesions, further supporting the hypothesis that dissemination occurs early in breast tumorigenesis. HER2 expression on CTCs is more commonly observed in earlier stages of breast cancer, suggesting that HER2 plays an important role in early dissemination. The EORTC 90091-10093 trial will test the hypothesis that trastuzumab can eliminate HER2-positive CTCs in patients with HER2-negative early breast cancer. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 839.
Tm:CaGdAlO<sub>4</sub>: spectroscopy, microchip laser and passive Q-switching by carbon nanostructures (2017)

Absorption, stimulated-emission and gain cross-sections are determined for 3 at.% Tm:CaGdAlO<sub>4</sub>. This crystal is employed in a microchip laser diode-pumped at 802 nm. In the continuous-wave (CW) regime, this laser generates 1.16 W at 1883-1893 nm with a slope efficiency of 32% with respect to the absorbed pump power. Using a special "bandpass" output coupler, vibronic CW laser operation up to 2043 nm is achieved. For passive Q-switching of the Tm:CaGdAlO<sub>4</sub> laser-saturable absorbers (SAs) based on CVD-grown graphene and randomly-oriented arc-discharge single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in a PMMA film. The SWCNT-SA demonstrates superior performance. The laser produced a maximum average output power of 245 mW at 1844 nm with a slope efficiency of 8%. The latter corresponds to a pulse energy and duration of 6 μJ and 138 ns, respectively, at a repetition rate of 41 kHz. Using the graphene-SA, 2.8 μJ, 490 ns pulses are obtained at a repetition rate of 86 kHz.
Thrombin stimulates dissociation and induction of HSP27 via p38 MAPK in vascular smooth muscle cells (2002)

We investigated the effects of thrombin on the induction of heat shock proteins (HSP) 70 and 27, and the mechanism behind the induction in aortic smooth muscle A10 cells. Thrombin increased the level of HSP27 but had little effect on the level of HSP70. Thrombin stimulated the accumulation of HSP27 dose dependently between 0.01 and 1 U/ml and cycloheximide reduced the accumulation. Thrombin stimulated an increase in the level of HSP27 mRNA and actinomycin D suppressed the thrombin-increased mRNA level. Thrombin induced the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The HSP27 accumulation by thrombin was reduced by SB-203580 and PD-169316 but not by SB-202474. SB-203580 and PD-169316 suppressed the thrombin-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. SB-203580 reduced the thrombin-increased level of HSP27 mRNA. Dissociation of the aggregated HSP27 to the dissociated HSP27 was induced by thrombin. Dissociation was inhibited by SB-203580. Thrombin induced the phosphorylation of HSP27 and the phosphorylation was suppressed by SB-203580. These results indicate that thrombin stimulates not only the dissociation of HSP27 but also the induction of HSP27 via p38 MAPK activation in aortic smooth muscle cells.
Limited development and progression of resistance of HIV-1 to the nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor lamivudine in human primary macrophages (2005)

Our results show that the chances of development of resistance are far lower in M/M than in lymphocytes. This underlines the importance and the peculiar role of M/M as reservoirs of either wild-type or resistant strains in human organs.
Welfare Impacts of Intellectual Property Protection in the Seed Industry (2005)

We examine the welfare impact of different intellectual property protection (IPP) regimes in private sector seed research and development (R&D). We take into account the period after expiration of legal IPP, and require simultaneous equilibrium in markets for R&D, seeds, and final product. Optimal IPP is remarkably insensitive to alternative parameterizations, except for R&D productivity. Results suggest that optimal IPP is greater than IPP in the U.S. seed corn market, but lower than the IPP that could be attained with genetic use restriction technologies. Optimal IPP is much higher than IPP achieved under open‐pollinated crops or where legal IPP is limited.
Expert Review Panel Approves First Action Methods for Antioxidants in Foods (2012)

as part of the AOAC INTERNATIONAL Mid-Year Meeting, an AOAC expert review panel (ERP) granted First Action status to two methods for antioxidants in foods. The methods were evaluated against standard method performance requirements (SMPRs) developed and approved through voluntary stakeholder consensus, under the AOAC Stakeholder Panel on Strategic Foods Analytical Methods (SPSFAM).
Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in Multicomponent Polymer Systems. 18. Effect of Short-Chain Branching (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid-Liquid Phase Separation in Multicomponent Polymer Systems. 18. Effect of Short-Chain BranchingL. A. Kleintjens, R. Koningsveld, and M. GordonCite this: Macromolecules 1980, 13, 2, 303–310Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60074a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60074a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views147Altmetric-Citations27LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Disruption of neurogenesis by amyloid β‐peptide, and perturbed neural progenitor cell homeostasis, in models of Alzheimer's disease (2002)

Neurogenesis occurs in the adult mammalian brain and may play roles in learning and memory processes and recovery from injury, suggesting that abnormalities in neural progenitor cells (NPC) might contribute to the pathogenesis of disorders of learning and memory in humans. The objectives of this study were to determine whether NPC proliferation, survival and neuronal differentiation are impaired in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and to determine the effects of the pathogenic form of amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) on the survival and neuronal differentiation of cultured NPC. The proliferation and survival of NPC in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus was reduced in mice transgenic for a mutated form of amyloid precursor protein that causes early onset familial AD. Abeta impaired the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of cultured human and rodent NPC, and promoted apoptosis of neuron-restricted NPC by a mechanism involving dysregulation of cellular calcium homeostasis and the activation of calpains and caspases. Adverse effects of Abeta on NPC may contribute to the depletion of neurons and cognitive impairment in AD.
Liver Transplantation for Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Less than 3 cm in Diameter in Child A Cirrhosis (2007)

Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the treatment of choice for patients with unresectable tumors within the Milan criteria associated with Child B or C cirrhosis. Liver transplantation provides the best cure for both the HCC and the underlying cirrhosis. In recent years, some authors have advocated liver transplantation even for resectable early HCC associated with Child A cirrhosis, leading to a controversy of whether resection or transplantation should be the first-line therapy for patients with small HCC in Child A cirrhosis. Recent studies comparing liver resection and transplantation for early HCC demonstrated similar long-term survival of 60-70%, but liver transplantation is associated with a lower tumor recurrence rate. However, the current shortage of deceased donor liver grafts limits the applicability of liver transplantation for HCC. The use of live donor liver transplantation for patients with a small solitary HCC in Child A cirrhosis that is resectable may not be justified ethically because of the potential risk to the donors. Patients put on a transplantation waiting list run a significant risk of tumor progression and dropout, while liver resection is immediately applicable to all. Advocating primary liver transplantation for patients with early HCC associated with compensated cirrhosis will increase the waiting time for transplantation and further increases the chance of dropout. Resection first and salvage transplantation for recurrent tumors or liver failure is an alternative strategy that may reduce the use of liver grafts. However, the long-term survival result of such a strategy compared with primary liver transplantation remains unclear.
Effects of paper-aged state on space charge characteristics in oil-impregnated paper insulation (2012)

Oil-paper compound insulation has been widely used in power transformers for quite a long time because of its good performance. The paper insulation degrades under the combined stresses of thermal, electrical and chemical stresses during routine operations, resulting in the reduction of its degree of polymerization (DP) and hence its mechanical and electrical strength. Space charges in a dielectric material have a close relation to its electrical performance. Therefore, in this work, the effect of paper-aged states (with different DP values) on the space charge behavior in oil-impregnated paper insulation is investigated, and the pulsed electro-acoustic (PEA) method is used for the space charge distribution measurement. In order to achieve this purpose, new oil-impregnated paper samples are thermally-accelerated aged for different time interval to obtain different DP values, and then the residual oil in each sample is removed, and the Kraft paper samples are dried in a vacuum dry oven. After that, all paper samples are impregnated with new oil, and PEA measurements are performed at room temperature. The experimental results show that, when the external dc voltage is applied on the oil-paper sample, homo-charge injection occurs for all samples. The samples with different aging states exhibit quite different space charge characteristics for both voltage-on and voltage-off conditions. When the aged states are worse, for voltage-on condition, more charges are induced at cathode and anode, as well as more space charges are accumulated in the bulk. For voltage-off condition, the space charge decay rate shows no obvious change for different aged samples.
Histamine production by Propionibacterium acnes in batch and continuous culture. (1986)

Histamine production by Propionibacterium acnes was studied using batch and continuous culture. In batch culture, the culture pH and the production of histamine closely paralleled the pattern of growth, increasing as the growth increased. Continuous culture studies using a chemostat and varying culture pH showed that highest levels of growth of P. acnes occurred at pH 6.0 and that two clear 'peaks' of histamine production were apparent at pH 4.5 and at pH 7.5. The levels measured at pH 7.5 were approximately one third the maximum value measured at pH 4.5. When P. acnes was grown at different dilution rates at pH 5.7, the histamine and biomass production rates increased proportionately as the growth rates were increased, except at the lowest relative dilution rate employed (0.75 microrel) where the production rate of histamine was higher than the value predicted by a proportional relationship.