gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chronic pancreatitis (2011)

Results of this year's investigations further elucidated the genetic associations of tropical pancreatitis, a reversible mislocalization of ductal CFTR in AIP, the association of asymptomatic pancreatic hyperenzymemia with pancreatic disorders, limitations of diagnostic tests for EPI, diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis by EUS and endoscopic pancreatic function testing and treatment of pain.
Theory and numerical analysis of bulk acoustic wave multilayer composite resonator structure (2002)

Rigorous analytical expressions describing multilayer BAW microwave composite resonator-filter with input and output electrodes and taking into account wave properties and acoustic losses of all layers of the structure are obtained. The results are represented in the form of simple Z-coefficients connecting input and output voltages and currents. A special case of the multilayer /spl lambda//4 substrate providing one mode operation is analyzed and discussed. All the results are illustrated with numerical calculations.
Beleefdheid in Afrikaans: ’n sosiolinguistiese perspektief (1995)

Politeness in Afrikaans: a sociolinguistic perspectiveThis article argues that because the phenomenon of linguistic politeness is embedded in a particular linguistic community, linguistic politeness should in the first instance be studied from sociolinguistic and pragmatic perspectives. Using Afrikaans examples, different types of linguistic politeness are identified. The identified politeness types are discussed with special reference to conversational politeness, directives, complaints and honorifics. It is also argued that the specific choice of lexical items and ‘in group’ variants can be regarded as a form of linguistic politeness. A feminist perspective on politeness clearly illustrates that linguistic politeness is an everchanging, dynamic concept which is closely linked to both interpersonal and societal associations which prevail at a specific point in time.
The plasma laser: Population inversion in hydrogen plasmas (1976)

A rapidly recombining plasma preferentially populates the upper energy levels, thus producing population inversions. Laser devices in which the active medium is a recombining plasma are termed 'plasma' or 'recombination' lasers. A computer code was developed to determine the level populations of hydrogen as a function of time. The instantaneous cooling of the free electrons in a completely ionized hydrogen plasma was assumed. The resulting population inversion produced estimates of gain which were sufficient for laser action. The absorption of Lyman radiation in the plasma was also assumed. Generally, the effect of this absorption is to decrease the duration and magnitude of the gain. However, when the lower laser level and the ground level coincide, the resulting gain can be enhanced by this absorption. Comparison of the computer results shows reasonable agreement with other researchers' computer predictions. A cross-referenced bibliography is provided to assist in further study of plasma lasers. (Author)
Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy in children with asthma and rhinitis: A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study (2001)

To evaluate the efficacy of specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), we enrolled 15 children with asthma and rhinitis (7 girls, 8 boys, mean +/- SD age of 11.7 +/- 3.3) allergic to house dust mite (HDM) into a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. After a run-in period, patients were randomized to receive either placebo (n = 7) or SLIT (n = 8) with a standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus) + Dermatophagoides farinea (D. farinea) 50/50 extract. They received increasing doses up to 100 index units of reactivity (IR) every day for 4 weeks, then 100 IR/day for another 4 weeks, followed by maintenance therapy consisting of 20 drops 2 times a week for 4 months. Efficacy was assessed at the end of 6 months of therapy according to symptom and medication scores, serum total IgE levels, results of lung function tests, methacholine provocation tests, and skin prick tests. Daily means for the asthma score and use of inhaled beta-2-mimetics decreased significantly in the SLIT group (P = 0.05, P = 0.028, respectively), whereas no such difference was observed in the placebo group. At the end of follow-up, mean daily doses of intranasal steroids needed for control of rhinitis symptoms decreased significantly in the SLIT group (P = 0.04). Baseline skin sensitivity to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinea was not significantly different between in the two groups, whereas end-point wheal diameter obtained with D. pteronyssinus extract was significantly less in the SLIT vs. the placebo group (P = 0.026). At the end of 6 months, peak expiratory flow (PEF) values in the placebo group was significantly lower than in the SLIT group (P = 0.049). Throughout the treatment period, the SLIT group was found to have less asthma exacerbations than the placebo group (P = 0.007). The provocation concentration causing a 20% drop in forced expired volume in 1 sec did not change throughout the treatment period in either groups. None of the patients reported local or systemic side effects from SLIT. Results of this study suggests that SLIT may be a useful alternative or additional therapy in the treatment of children with asthma/rhinitis due to HDM.
Employers' perspectives on secondary education in El Salvador (1996)

One of the goals of a secondary school system in general, and vocational education in particular, is to provide graduates with skills that are relevant to the labor market. One method to judge the relative success of the school system in this task is to gather information on employer attitudes. A survey of 150 employers was carried out by the Fundacion Empresarial para el Desarrollo Educativo (FEPADES) in September 1996 to assess the attitudes of employers conceming the quality of secondary school graduates in the country and the appropriateness of their skills. The key findings of the survey are: 1) employers, in general, are satisfied with the secondary graduates working for them; 2) all secondary school graduates are not alike: employers clearly make distinctions among them. The survey indicates ways to improve the secondary school system without, necessarily increasing costs in the long term. According to employers, improving the system does not depend on increasing the resources devoted to it. In contrast, employers stressed the need to focus on the quality of the systerm and the efficient use of existing resources. Opportunities to decrease costs also exist. Given the high investment in training being made by firms, combining resources and efforts with the Ministry of Education could serve to lower costs to both sides and improve the quality of graduates. And finally, those areas of education providing low or negative rates of returns (public and private) could be identified and efforts targeted on either improving the quality of these programs or eliminating them.
The Nature and Distribution of Enzymes Catalyzing the Conjugation of Glutathione with Foreign Compounds (1974)

(1974). The Nature and Distribution of Enzymes Catalyzing the Conjugation of Glutathione with Foreign Compounds. Drug Metabolism Reviews: Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 185-220.
Effects of pH on arbuscular mycorrhiza I. Field observations on the long‐term liming experiments at Rothamsted and Woburn (1993)

SUMMARY The percentage colonization of roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was measured in the field in two crops of spring oats ( Avena sativa L.) and one of maincrop potatoes ( Solanum tuberosum L.), successively grown over a period of 3 yr on the long‐term liming experiments at Rothamsted and Woburn. In both crops, all years, both phosphorus treatments and at both sites, percentage colonization was little affected by soil pH from over a range approximately 4.5 to 7.5. There was little effect of pH on crop yields. Up to nine species of coarse endophyte could be identified from spores (≤ 50 μm diameter) in plots of pH 5.5 and above. There were markedly fewer spores at (approximately) pH 5.5 and none in the most acid plots.
The Time-Dependent Force and Radiation Impedance on a Piston in a Rigid Infinite Planar Baffle (1971)

An approach is presented to compute the time-dependent force acting on a piston in a rigid infinite planar baffle as a result of the specified velocity of the piston. The approach, which is based on a Green's function solution to the time-dependent boundary-value problem, utilizes a transformation of coordinates to simplify the evaluation of the resultant surface integrals. An impulse response function is defined as a function of a single surface integral. The time-dependent force can then be obtained by differentiating the convolution of the impulse-response and piston-velocity time functions. The approach to compute the force is applicable for both sinusoidal and nonsinusoidal velocity pulses and is valid for all piston shapes. Numerical results for the impulse response and forces on square pistons resulting from sinusoidal piston velocities are then presented and discussed. Finally, an approach is presented to compute the radiation impedance as a function of normalized frequency from the impulse response data. The approach, which is based on sampling theory, is used to obtain the normalized radiation resistance and reactance for square pistons. The results are then compared to those of earlier investigators.
A Comparison Between Pulsed Radiofrequency and Electro-acupuncture for Relieving Pain in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain (2010)

Many treatment options for chronic low back pain are available, including varied forms of electric stimulation. But little is known about the electricity effect between electro-acupuncture and pulsed radiofrequency. The objective of this study is to assess the difference in effectiveness of pain relief between pulsed radiofrequency and electro-acupuncture. Visual analog score (VAS) pain score, the Oswestry disability index (ODI) to measure a patient's permanent functional disability, and Short form 36 (SF-36) which is a survey used in health assessment to determine the cost-effectiveness of a health treatment, were used as rating systems to measure the pain relief and functional improvement effect of pulsed radiofrequency and electro-acupuncture, based on the methodological quality of the randomized controlled trials, the relevance between the study groups, and the consistency of the outcome evaluation. First, the baseline status before therapy shows no age and gender influence in the SF-36 and VAS score but it is significant in the ODI questionnaire. From ANOVA analyses, it is apparent that radiofrequency therapy is a significant improvement over electro-acupuncture therapy after one month. But electro-acupuncture also showed functional improvement in the lumbar spine from the ODI. This study provides sufficient evidence of the superiority of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) therapy for low back pain relief compared with both electro-acupuncture (EA) therapy and the control group. But the functional improvement of the lumbar spine was proved under EA therapy only. Both therapies are related to electricity effects.
Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of 3-Methyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroimidazo [5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazine-8-carboxylates and -carboxamides (2010)

Seventeen novel 3-methyl-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroimidazo[5,1-d][1,2,3,5]tetrazine-8-carboxylate and -carboxamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their growth inhibition in seven human solid tumor and a human leukemia HL-60 cell lines. Compound IVa showed more activity than the other compounds and the positive control temozolomide. In the presence of 40 μg/mL of IVa, the survival rate of all tested tumor cells was less than 10%. Esters displayed more potent antitumour activity than amides and temozolomide against HL-60 cells. These compounds also exhibited considerably enhanced water-solubility.
Observation of photon-stimulated desorption following valence-band excitation of alkali halides (1992)

We report observations of photon-stimulated desorption of excited alkali-metal atoms following valence-band excitation of alkali halide crystals by tunable ultraviolet light. Excitation functions of excited Li and K atoms desorbed from LiF and KCl surfaces were measured in the photon-energy range 10--28 eV using a synchrotron light source. Simultaneous measurements of the secondary-electron yield demonstrate that excess metal on the surface is required for this process to occur; however, the temperature, time, and dose dependence of excited-atom and secondary-electron yields are uncorrelated. Possible models for the process of desorption stimulated by valence-band transitions are briefly considered.
Learning Residual Images for Face Attribute Manipulation (2017)

Face attributes are interesting due to their detailed description of human faces. Unlike prior researches working on attribute prediction, we address an inverse and more challenging problem called face attribute manipulation which aims at modifying a face image according to a given attribute value. Instead of manipulating the whole image, we propose to learn the corresponding residual image defined as the difference between images before and after the manipulation. In this way, the manipulation can be operated efficiently with modest pixel modification. The framework of our approach is based on the Generative Adversarial Network. It consists of two image transformation networks and a discriminative network. The transformation networks are responsible for the attribute manipulation and its dual operation and the discriminative network is used to distinguish the generated images from real images. We also apply dual learning to allow transformation networks to learn from each other. Experiments show that residual images can be effectively learned and used for attribute manipulations. The generated images remain most of the details in attribute-irrelevant areas.
Home Schooling … A Growing Movement (1987)

(1987). Home Schooling … A Growing Movement. Kappa Delta Pi Record: Vol. 23, Special Issue: Conceptions of Schooling, pp. 114-117.
Proton-Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (2009)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVReviewNEXTProton-Transfer Reaction Mass SpectrometryRobert S. Blake, Paul S. Monks, and Andrew M. Ellis*View Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom* Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. Tel.: +44 (0)116 252 2138. Fax: +44 (0)116 252 3789.Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 3, 861–896Publication Date (Web):February 12, 2009Publication History Received4 June 2008Published online12 February 2009Published inissue 11 March 2009https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr800364qhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr800364qreview-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2009 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views11974Altmetric-Citations554LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Alcohols,Atmospheric chemistry,Ions,Ketones,Volatile organic compounds Get e-Alerts
Detecting Antipatterns in Android Apps (2015)

Mobile apps are becoming complex software systems that must be developed quickly and evolve continuously to fit new user requirements and execution contexts. However, addressing these constraints may result in poor design choices, known as antipatterns, which may incidentally degrade software quality and performance. Thus, the automatic detection of antipatterns is an important activity that eases both maintenance and evolution tasks. Moreover, it guides developers to refactor their applications and thus, to improve their quality. While antipatterns are well-known in object-oriented applications, their study in mobile applications is still in their infancy. In this paper, we propose a tooled approach, called Paprika, to analyze Android applications and to detect object-oriented and Android-specific antipatterns from binaries of mobile apps. We validate the effectiveness of our approach on a set of popular mobile apps downloaded from the Google Play Store.
Genetically engineered grafts to study xenoimmunity: a role for indirect antigen presentation in the destruction of major histocompatibility complex antigen deficient xenografts. (1994)

The strategies of gene targeting of donor species to produce less immunogenic xenografts may be hampered by the presence of a strong response through the indirect pathway of immunity. Immune intervention directed at the indirect antigen presentation pathway may be of benefit in xenotransplantation.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel indoline based nonlinear optical chromophore with excellent electro-optic activity and high thermal stability by modifying the π-conjugated bridges (2017)

Electro-optic activity and thermal stability are increased a lot after modifying the π-conjugated bridges <italic>via</italic> introducing suitable isolation groups.
Formal specification and verification of OSI session layer protocol using CCS (2002)

This paper describes an application of formal methods to protocol specification, validation and verification. The chosen formal method is the Calculus of Communicating Systems (CCS), which is used to build a CCS model of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference model session layer protocol and prove its inherent livelock using the CCS automated support.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Intravascular pathobiology of acetyl glyceryl ether phosphorylcholine (AGEPC), a synthetic platelet-activating factor (PAF). I. Intravenous infusion in guinea pigs. (1981)

Intravenous infusion of 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine (AGEPC), a synthetic platelet-activating factor (PAF), induced fatal anaphylactoid reaction in guinea pigs, or reversible thrombocytopenia and leucopenia. These reactions showed a maximal depression of circulating platelet and leucocyte numbers within 30 s after AGEPC infusion. Fatal reaction occurred at doses higher than 0.81 micrograms AGEPC/kg, while lower doses of AGEPC caused a reversible thrombocytopenia and leucopenia. The levels of circulating platelets and leucocytes at lower - non-fatal - doses of AGEPC, returned to pre-infusion levels within 60 min. These studies document that intravenous administration of AGEPC, into guinea pigs, initiates identical intravascular infusion of AGEPC into the rabbit and baboon, and supports the notion that the biological activity of AGEPC can cross species barriers.
Social Relationships and Health (1988)

Recent scientific work has established both a theoretical basis and strong empirical evidence for a causal impact of social relationships on health. Prospective studies, which control for baseline health status, consistently show increased risk of death among persons with a low quantity, and sometimes low quality, of social relationships. Experimental and quasi-experimental studies of humans and animals also suggest that social isolation is a major risk factor for mortality from widely varying causes. The mechanisms through which social relationships affect health and the factors that promote or inhibit the development and maintenance of social relationships remain to be explored.
Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma: A novel locoregional ablation decreasing lung metastasis (2014)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy. Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) is a new technology destroying tumor cells with a non-thermal high voltage electric field using ultra-short pulses. The study's aim was to evaluate the ablation efficacy of nsPEFs with human HCC cell lines and a highly metastatic potential HCC xenograft model on BALB/c nude mice. The in vivo study showed nsPEFs induced HCC cell death in a dose dependent manner. On the high metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HCCLM3) xenograft mice model, tumor growth was inhibited significantly in nsPEF-treated- groups (single dose and multi-fractionated dose). Besides a local effect, the nsPEF treatment reduced pulmonary metastases. The nsPEFs also enhanced HCC cell phagocytosis by human macrophage cell (THP1) in vitro. The nsPEF is efficient in controlling HCC progression and reducing its metastasis. NsPEF treatment may elicit a host immune response against tumor cells. This study suggests nsPEF therapy could be used as a potential locoregional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Dehalogenation of Polyfluoroarenes by Zinc in Aqueous Ammonia. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Polymorphisms in the VEGFA and VEGFR-2 genes and neovascular age-related macular degeneration. (2009)

PURPOSE: Genetic factors influence an individual’s risk for developing neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Previous studies on the potential genetic link between AMD and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key regulator of angiogenesis and vascular permeability, have yielded conflicting results. In the present case-control association study, we aimed to determine whether VEGF or its main receptor tyrosine kinase VEGFR-2 is genetically associated with neovascular AMD. METHODS: A total of 515 Caucasian patients with neovascular AMD and 253 ethically-matched controls were genotyped for polymorphisms in the VEGFA and VEGFR-2 genes. A tagging single nucleotide polymorphism (tSNP) approach was employed to cover each gene plus two kilobases on each side, spanning the promoter and 3′ untranslated regions. SNPs with a minimum allele frequency of 10% were covered by seven tSNPs in VEGFA and 20 tSNPs in VEGFR-2. Two VEGFA SNPs previously linked with AMD, rs1413711 and rs3025039, were also analyzed. RESULTS: The 29 VEGFA and VEGFR-2 SNPs analyzed in our cohort demonstrated no significant association with neovascular AMD. A single rare haplotype in the VEGFR-2 gene was associated with the presence of neovascular AMD (p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to investigate the association of VEGFR-2 polymorphisms with AMD and evaluates VEGFA genetic variants in the largest neovascular AMD cohort to date. Despite the angiogenic and permeability-enhancing effects of VEGF/VEGFR-2 signaling, we found minimal evidence of a significant link between polymorphisms in the VEGFA and VEGFR-2 genes and neovascular AMD.