gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Resonant-state expansion applied to planar open optical systems (2012)

The resonant-state expansion (RSE), a rigorous perturbation theory of the Brillouin-Wigner type recently developed in electrodynamics[E. A. Muljarov, W. Langbein, and R. Zimmermann, Europhys. Lett. 92, 50010 (2010)], is applied to planar, effectively one-dimensional optical systems, such as layered dielectric slabs and Bragg reflector microcavities. It is demonstrated that the RSE converges with a power law in the basis size. Algorithms for error estimation and their reduction by extrapolation are presented and evaluated. Complex eigenfrequencies, electromagnetic fields, and the Green's function of a selection of optical systems are calculated, as well as the observable transmission spectra. In particular, we find that for a Bragg-mirror microcavity, which has sharp resonances in the spectrum, the transmission calculated using the RSE reproduces the result of the transfer- or scattering-matrix method.
An Ultra-low Power Always-on Camera Front-end for Posture Detection in Body-worn Cameras Using Restricted Boltzman Machines (2016)

The Internet of Things (IoTs) has triggered rapid advances in sensors, surveillance devices, wearables and body area networks with advanced Human-Computer Interfaces (HCI). One such application area is the adoption of Body-Worn Cameras (BWCs) by law enforcement officials. The need to be ‘always-on’ puts heavy constraints on battery usage in these camera front-ends thus limiting their widespread adoption. Further, the increasing number of such cameras is expected to  create a data deluge, which requires large processing, transmission and storage capabilities. Instead of continuously capturing and streaming or storing videos, it is prudent to provide “smartness” to the camera front-end. This requires hardware assisted image recognition and template matching in the front-end capable of making judicious decisions on when to trigger video capture or streaming. Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) based neural networks have been shown to provide high accuracy for image recognition and are well suited for low power and re-configurable systems. In this paper we propose an RBM based “always-on’’ camera front-end capable of detecting human posture. Aggressive behavior of the human being in the field of view will be used as a wake-up signal for further data collection and classification. The proposed system has been implemented on a Xilinx Virtex 7 XC7VX485T platform. A minimum dynamic power of 19.18 mW for a recognition accuracy of more than 80% has been measured. The hardware-software co-design illustrates the trade-offs in the design with respect to accuracy, resource utilization, processing time and power. The results demonstrate the possibility of a true “always-on” body-worn camera system in the IoT environment.
Using object-oriented typing to support architectural design in the C2 style (1996)

Software architectures enable large-scale software development. Component reuse and substitutability, two key aspects of large-scale development, must be planned for during software design. Object-oriented (OO) type theory supports reuse by structuring inter-component relationships and verifying those relationships through type checking in an architecture definition language (ADL). In this paper, we identify the issues and discuss the ramifications of applying OO type theory to the C2 architectural style. This work stems from a series of experiments that were conducted to investigate component reuse and substitutability in C2. We also discuss the limits of applicability of OO typing to C2 and how we addressed them in the C2 ADL.
Measurement of the Electroweak Penguin Process<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>B</mml:mi><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>X</mml:mi><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:msup><mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>ℓ</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math> (2003)

We report the first measurement of the branching fraction for the inclusive decay B-->X(s)l(+)l(-), where l is either an electron or a muon, and X(s) is a hadronic recoil system that contains an s quark. We analyzed a data sample of 65.4 x 10(6) B meson pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) asymmetric-energy collider. We find B(B-->X(s)l(+)l(-))=[6.1 +/-1.4(stat) +1.4-1.1(syst)] x 10(-6) for dilepton masses greater than 0.2 GeV/c(2).
Specificity and Mechanisms for Induction of PDE4 Up‐Regulation by PGE2 and Related Agents in Lung Fibroblasts (2016)

Introduction Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an important modulator of the fibrotic changes that occur in pulmonary fibrosis and COPD. It is important to understand the mechanisms that regulate the initiation and desensitization of lung fibroblast responses to PGE2. Our previous studies (Am J Respir Crit Care Med 191:A4945, 2015) showed that pretreating lung fibroblasts with PGE2 induced a desensitization of PGE2 stimulation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation that could be reversed by the phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor roflumilast. PGE2 did not reduce the cAMP response to the beta‐adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol (Iso), and Iso pretreatment reduced the response to Iso but not to PGE2. The current study more directly examined the specificity and mechanisms of PGE2 desensitization with direct assays of PDE enzyme activity. Methods Human fetal lung (HFL‐1) fibroblasts were incubated with or without 100 nM PGE2, 10 uM Iso, or 30 uM forskolin (Fsk) for 24 hr. Cells were washed to remove pretreatment drug and then lysed for PDE4 enzyme activity assays with cell lysates. Results Pretreatment of cells with PGE2 induced a 2‐ to 3‐fold increase in PDE enzyme activity in cell lysates, and this increased cAMP breakdown was largely reduced by including the PDE4 inhibitor roflumilast. With 24‐hr pretreatments, half‐maximal increases in PDE activity occurred between 1 and 10 nM PGE2. With 100 nM PGE2 pretreatments, half‐maximal increases occurred between 3 and 6 hrs. In contrast to PGE2 pretreatment, pretreatment with Iso induced little or no increase in PDE activity. Although Iso did not mimic the PGE2‐induced increase in PDE activity, pretreatment with the direct adenylyl cyclase activator Fsk did induce an increase in PDE activity. The mRNA synthesis inhibitor actinomycin D (2 ug/mL) and the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (5 uM) nearly completely eliminated the PGE2‐induced increase in PDE activity. Conclusions Pretreatment of HFL‐1 fibroblasts with PGE2, but not with Iso, induces an increase in PDE enzyme activity that is inhibited by roflumilast, implicating PDE4 as the up‐regulated isozyme. The ability of receptor‐independent elevation of cAMP with Fsk to up‐regulate PDE activity implicates cAMP as the likely mediator of the PDE up‐regulation; the failure of cAMP elevation by Iso to induce the same response is likely related to differential localization and signaling by PGE receptors vs. beta‐2 adrenergic receptors (Am J Physiol ‐ Cell Physiol 298:L819, 2010). The inhibition by actinomycin D and cycloheximide suggests that transcriptional and translational processes mediate an up‐regulation of PDE enzyme expression. These adaptive changes in PDE activity due to cAMP elevation will be important considerations for future studies to explore either PGE‐ or PDE‐targeted therapies for fibrotic diseases of the lung. Support or Funding Information NIH CoBRE 5P30GM106397 Pilot Project grant to MLT and the Larson Endowment from UNMC to SIR.
NF-κB Induction by Bisperoxovanadium Compounds Requires CD45, p36<sup>LAT</sup>, PKC, and IKK Activity and Exhibits Kinetics of Activation Comparable to Those of TCR/CD28 Coengagement (2003)

We have previously shown that bisperoxovanadium (bpV) phosphotyrosyl phosphatase inhibitors can potently activate NF-kappaB. We have already determined that p56(lck), ZAP-70, SLP-76, capacitative entry of calcium, and calcium-regulated effectors are important in bpV-induced NF-kappaB activation. In this study, we evaluated whether other signal transducers previously reported in NF-kappaB induction by T cell activating stimuli are also activated by bpV compounds. Nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB was evaluated in cell lines deficient for either CD45 or p36(LAT) to assess the role of these signal transducers in bpV-mediated NF-kappaB activation. A deficiency of either protein greatly reduced the extent of NF-kappaB nuclear translocation following bpV treatment. Isoform-specific PKC inhibitors were then used to show that bpV compounds activate NF-kappaB through both calcium-sensitive and -insensitive PKC isoforms. The implication of the IkappaB-kinase complex was then investigated through the use of an IkappaBalpha-specific kinase assay and plasmids expressing catalytically inactive forms of IKKalpha and IKKbeta. Upstream kinases involved in IKK complex activation such as TPL-2/COT, NIK, and IKKepsilon were also shown to play an important role in bpV-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Finally, reporter gene transcriptional assays and gel shift assays were performed to compare the kinetics of activation of NF-kappaB by bpV with those of antigenic and TNFalpha stimulation. We demonstrate, both in Jurkat cells and in primary T cells, that bpV-mediated NF-kappaB activation kinetics are comparable to those of an antigenic stimulation but occur much slower than the kinetics seen upon TNFalpha treatment.
Functional expression of horseradish peroxidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris (2000)

The ability to engineer proteins by directed evolution requires functional expression of the target polypeptide in a recombinant host suitable for construction and screening libraries of enzyme variants. Bacteria and yeast are preferred, but eukaryotic proteins often fail to express in active form in these cells. We have attempted to resolve this problem by identifying mutations in the target gene that facilitate its functional expression in a given recombinant host. Here we examined expression of HRP in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Through three rounds of directed evolution by random point mutagenesis and screening, we obtained a 40-fold increase in total HRP activity in the S.cerevisiae culture supernatant compared with wild-type, as measured on ABTS ¿2, 2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (260 units/l/OD(600)). Genes from wild-type and two high-activity clones were expressed in Pichia pastoris, where the total ABTS activity reached 600 units/l/OD(600) in shake flasks. The mutants show up to 5.4-fold higher specific activity towards ABTS and 2.3-fold higher specific activity towards guaiacol.
Irradiation Effect on Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Behavior of Nano-Filamentary Copper-Silver Composites (2007)

Quasi-nano filamentary copper-silver composites were irradiated and annealed to study irradiation degradation behavior. The specimen was irradiated in CT hole of HANARO of KAERI for 36 days at 320°C with the maximum neutron flux of 4.8x1020 n/cm2 (E>1.0 MeV). The gamma heating rate was in the range of 2.0-6.45 W/gm. Irradiation embrittlement was observed. Hardness determined by nano-indentation technique were 32.3 GPA for as-received condition, however, it decreased 24.6 GPa due to gamma heating, which was above the value of the specimen with same annealing effect without irradiation. Weight change of specimen with oxidation increased with annealing time, temperature and amount of dose 0.21-0.27 mR/h. Hardness change of the irradiated specimen followed by annealing was significantly dependent upon amount of dose of the specimen.
Electron-lattice coupling and stripe formation in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">La</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mi>−</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ba</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">CuO</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math> (1997)

The temperature dependence of the resistance $R(T)$ and the thermoelectric power $\ensuremath{\alpha}(T)$ under different hydrostatic pressures $P$ are reported for polycrystalline ${\mathrm{La}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ba}}_{x}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4},$ $0.11<~x<~14;$ they reveal a minimum in $R(T)$ and an abrupt change in the sign of $\ensuremath{\alpha}(T)$ at a transition from the low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) to the low-temperature orthorhombic phase. Superconductivity is suppressed at ambient pressure in the range $0.12<~x<~0.13,$ where neutron-diffraction data have shown a static charge ordering into hole-rich and magnetic stripes, but pressure introduces $n$-type superconductivity into these compositions within the LTT phase with a ${\mathrm{dT}}_{0}/dP\ensuremath{\approx}1.0\mathrm{K}/\mathrm{k}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{r}.$ The $x=0.14$ sample is superconductive at ambient pressure in the LTT phase, and ${\mathrm{dT}}_{0}/dP>0$ changes to ${\mathrm{dT}}_{0}/dP=0$ at a ${P}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}10\mathrm{kbar}.$ No anomaly in the transport properties is found at the magnetic ordering temperature ${T}_{N}\ensuremath{\approx}30\mathrm{K}$ in the LTT phase. These data, which show no support for stripe formation and superconductivity resulting from magnetic interactions, are found to be compatible with a model of strong coupling of charge carriers in coherent electronic states to fluctuations in the Cu-O bond lengths. Periodically alternating stripes of hole-rich and magnetic domains in the ${\mathrm{CuO}}_{2}$ sheets are pinned, for $x\ensuremath{\approx}1/8,$ by the crystallographic distortion of the LTT phase; but the application of hydrostatic pressure, which decreases the magnitude of the LTT deformation, restores superconductivity apparently by depinning the stripes.
Antibody Production in Plants and Green Algae (2016)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have a wide range of modern applications, including research, diagnostic, therapeutic, and industrial uses. Market demand for mAbs is high and continues to grow. Although mammalian systems, which currently dominate the biomanufacturing industry, produce effective and safe recombinant mAbs, they have a limited manufacturing capacity and high costs. Bacteria, yeast, and insect cell systems are highly scalable and cost effective but vary in their ability to produce appropriate posttranslationally modified mAbs. Plants and green algae are emerging as promising production platforms because of their time and cost efficiencies, scalability, lack of mammalian pathogens, and eukaryotic posttranslational protein modification machinery. So far, plant- and algae-derived mAbs have been produced predominantly as candidate therapeutics for infectious diseases and cancer. These candidates have been extensively evaluated in animal models, and some have shown efficacy in clinical trials. Here, we review ongoing efforts to advance the production of mAbs in plants and algae.
Cytolysis of <i>Chattonella subsalsa</i> by aponin (1981)

Abstract Cultures of the Japanese red tide organism Chattonella subsalsa were treated with aponin, the material that is extracted from cultures of Gomphosphaeria aponina. Aponin is cytolytic toward the Florida red tide organism, Ptychodiscus brevis, but it was less cytolytic toward C. subsalsa, based upon analysis of cells surviving after a 24‐hour period. The implications of this preliminary study are considered.
RF-sputter-deposited magnesium oxide films as high-quality adjustable tunnel barriers (1989)

High-quality RF-sputtered MgO films as tunnel barriers to fabricate small-area nitride tunnel junctions. A magnetism oxide barrier deposited as a single layer or as a multilayer film results in devices with similar characteristics. Annealing trilayers at temperatures in excess of 250 degrees C for several hours decreases junction current density and improves device quality, presumably by increasing barrier heights through reducing resonant tunneling states. A self-aligned process utilizing only two mask levels is used to produce junctions as small as 0.5 mu m/sup 2/ with excellent critical current uniformity. These junctions exhibit energy gaps of 5.1 mV and low subgap currents at current densities in excess of 1000 A/cm/sup 2/, which make them suitable for a variety of applications such as SIS (superconductor-insulator-superconductor) mixers and logic circuits.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Correction. Chlorination of Unsaturated Material in Nonpolar Media. VII. Butadiene: a Reevaluation. (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCorrection. Chlorination of Unsaturated Material in Nonpolar Media. VII. Butadiene: a Reevaluation.Marvin PoutsmaCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1967, 32, 11, 3725Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1967Publication History Published online14 October 2003Published inissue 1 November 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01286a614https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01286a614research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views23Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Impulsive Control of Unified Chaotic System with Parameter Uncertainty (2007)

An impulsive control scheme for a class of unified chaotic systems with parameter uncertainty is proposed using the linear state feedback as the signal to realize the global asymptotic stability.In addition,some new global asymptotic criteria and their extended forms are presented.Compared with the existing results,less conservative conditions are obtained to guarantee the global asymptotic stability.The controller thus designed is simple and easy to implement at high response speed and available to lay down a theoretical foundation for the applications in chaotic secure communication systems and chaotic spread spectrum of carrier communications.The effectiveness of the method proposed is verified theoretically and simulatively.
Thermal analysis and design of multi-layer insulation for re-entry aerodynamic heating (2001)

The combined radiation/conduction heat transfer in high-temperature multi-layer insulations was modeled using a finite volume numerical model. The numerical model was validated by comparison with steady-state effective thermal conductivity measurements, and by transient thermal tests simulating re-entry aerodynamic heating conditions. A design of experiments technique was used to investigate optimum design of multi-layer insulations for re-entry aerodynamic heating. It was found that use of 2 mm foil spacing and locating the foils near the hot boundary with the top foil 2 mm away from the hot boundary resulted in the most effective insulation design. A 76.2 mm thick multi-layer insulation using 1, 4, or 16 foils resulted in 2.9, 7.2 or 22.2 percent mass per unit area savings compared to a fibrous insulation sample at the same thickness, respectively.
Preparation of Mesoporous Si@PAN Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries via the In-Situ Polymerization of PAN (2015)

This paper details a new binder for mesoporous Si (mp-Si) via the in-situ polymerization and stabilization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN). Using this method mp-Si@PAN electrodes for Li-ion battery anodes have been fabricated. Though the mp-Si@PAN electrodes delivered a reversible specific capacity in excess of 800 mAh g−1 (electrode), the first cycle coulombic efficiency of these electrodes was still less than 50% without a pre-lithiation treatment. The results of an all-solid-state battery experiment confirmed that low first cycle reversibility should be attributed primarily to mechanical pulverization of the internal porous structure of mp-Si particles.
New HPLC stationary phases based on (methacryloyloxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) copolymers coated on silica. Preparation and characterisation (2002)

New silica based supports for use in HPLC separations have been prepared by the coating of a series of copolymers containing various molar fractions of vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and methacryloyloxypropyl beta cyclodextrin (βW7 MAHP) units on LiChrospher Si100. These chromatographic supports were fully characterised using the following techniques: thermogravimetric analysis, specific area and porous volume measurements, scanning electron micrography, NMR, EDAX and RAMAN spectroscopy. It was demonstrated that the interactions of the copolymer with the silica surface imply the VP units through H-bonding between the amide groups and the silanol functions explaining the increase of the polymer adsorption with the VP residue content. The analysis of the surface area, porous volume and pore size distribution showed that the coating process involved first the largest pores of silica and in a second step the smallest ones. From the 29Si NMR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis, it appears that only the supports with high amounts of polymer adsorbed ensured a complete passivation of the silanol groups.
A new framework for control systems with tolerance against sensor failures (2000)

Recently, measures for control system safety against failures in control devices, especially in sensors, have attracted widespread attention. The author has presented reliable control systems with tolerance against sensor failures. Decision by majority has been introduced under a situation in which several redundant sensors for the output of a controlled object are in operation simultaneously and independently. This paper presents a method for fault detection of the redundant sensors, which is derived from making the best use of characteristics of the reliable control systems. It leads to a new framework for control systems with tolerance against sensor failures, which is much different from the ordinary one. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 83(10): 27–36, 2000
Engineering yeast for high-level production of stilbenoid antioxidants (2016)

Stilbenoids, including resveratrol and its methylated derivatives, are natural potent antioxidants, produced by some plants in trace amounts as defense compounds. Extraction of stilbenoids from natural sources is costly due to their low abundance and often limited availability of the plant. Here we engineered the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of stilbenoids on a simple mineral medium typically used for industrial production. We applied a pull-push-block strain engineering strategy that included overexpression of the resveratrol biosynthesis pathway, optimization of the electron transfer to the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, increase of the precursors supply, and decrease of the pathway intermediates degradation. Fed-batch fermentation of the final strain resulted in a final titer of 800 mg l<sup>-1</sup> resveratrol, which is by far the highest titer reported to date for production of resveratrol from glucose. We further integrated heterologous methyltransferases into the resveratrol platform strain and hereby demonstrated for the first time de novo biosynthesis of pinostilbene and pterostilbene, which have better stability and uptake in the human body, from glucose.