gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Change in Teacher Efficacy as a Result of Collaborative Literacy Coaching (2014)

The purpose of this qualitative multiple participant case study was to understand the impact of a nine month collaborative literacy coaching (CLC) initiative on middle and high school content teachers’ sense of efficacy for literacy teaching. The CLC design used here consisted of a required three-hour weekly cadre session that incorporated brainstorming, implementation and reflection of strategies and routines used. An after school study group, one-on-one coaching and “field trip” opportunities were available and used as well. Data including transcripts of weekly cadres meetings, individual interviews, and initial and followup questionnaires allowed three teachers to describe how the CLC initiative affected them. Despite varied grade levels taught, experiences, strengths, and weaknesses, each case benefitted from the CLC in unique ways. Teachers identified particular components of the CLC that impacted efficacy development across all cases: collaboration, resources, time, and coaching. Indeed, the process of influencing teachers’ self-efficacy is complex and idiosyncratic.
The Radiation Reduction of Misonidazole (1981)

[14C]Misonidazole, a 2-nitroimidazole radiation sensitizer, was reduced in dilute aqueous solution by irradiation in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of excess formate ions. In solutions buffered at pH 7.0 the misonidazole absorption spectrum is lost with increasing radiation exposure, consuming 4.0 + 0.2 reducing equivalents per molecule, with no evidence for the formation of products absorbing in the range of 220 to 500 nm. HPLC separations of these samples produced two peaks, one containing 80-90% of the radioactivity, which grew at the same rate as misonidazole was lost. These peaks did not contain the amine, azo, azoxy, or hydrazo derivatives and had only very weak absorption (E254 = 100 M-1 cm-1). Although mass spectrometry of the main peak indicated the presence of some material with the m/e ratio expected for the hydroxylamine (187), repeated NMR analysis demonstrated that the yield of this derivative constitutes much less than 10% of the separated products. Irradiation at very high dose rate gave these same peaks and, in addition, a small yield of the amine derivative. Although reduction of misonidazole by the one-electron radical species produced by radiation occurs with four-electron stoichiometry, under these conditions the expected hydroxylamine derivative is unstable and cannot be recovered in large yield from the reduction mixture.
Yeast genetic selections to optimize RNA decoys for transcription factor NF-κB (2003)

In vitro-selected RNA aptamers are potential inhibitors of disease-related proteins. Our laboratory previously isolated an RNA aptamer that binds with high affinity to human transcription factor NF-kappaB. This RNA aptamer competitively inhibits DNA binding by NF-kappaB in vitro and is recognized by its target protein in vivo in a yeast three-hybrid system. In the present study, yeast genetic selections were used to optimize the RNA aptamer for binding to NF-kappaB in the eukaryotic nucleus. Selection for improved binding to NF-kappaB from RNA libraries encoding (i) degenerate aptamer variants and (ii) sequences present at round 8 of 14 total rounds of in vitro selection yielded RNA aptamers with dramatically improved in vivo activity. Furthermore, we show that an in vivo-optimized RNA aptamer exhibits specific "decoy" activity, inhibiting transcriptional activation by its NF-kappaB target protein in a yeast one-hybrid assay. This decoy activity is enhanced by the expression of a bivalent aptamer. The combination of in vitro and in vivo genetic selections was crucial for obtaining RNA aptamers with in vivo decoy activity.
Assessment of a disease-specific muscular impairment rating scale in myotonic dystrophy (2001)

The MIRS is a quick, simple, and reliable measurement of muscular impairment in DM1. The FSI questionnaire and the timed motor activities supported its construct validity. The MIRS is useful to monitor major stages of DM1 progression, to study the natural history of the disease, and to identify homogeneous groups of patients for clinical trials.
Assessment of In-Cloud Enterprise Resource Planning System Performed in a Virtual Cluster (2015)

This paper introduces a high-performed high-availability in-cloud enterprise resources planning (in-cloud ERP) which has deployed in the virtual machine cluster. The proposed approach can resolve the crucial problems of ERP failure due to unexpected downtime and failover between physical hosts in enterprises, causing operation termination and hence data loss. Besides, the proposed one together with the access control authentication and network security is capable of preventing intrusion hacked and/or malicious attack via internet. Regarding system assessment, cost-performance (C-P) ratio, a remarkable cost effectiveness evaluation, has been applied to several remarkable ERP systems. As a result, C-P ratio evaluated from the experiments shows that the proposed approach outperforms two well-known benchmark ERP systems, namely, in-house ECC 6.0 and in-cloud ByDesign.
Compliance of agilized (software) development processes with safety standards (2018)

Hybrid software development, meant as a combination of traditional and agile methods/practices, has become a reality in safety-critical systems engineering. The spreading of hybrid software development stems from the impossibility to face the manyfold challenges via the definition of a process by the book. In this context, compliance management becomes challenging and the role of existing means for compliance should be clarified/rethought. In this position paper, we discuss the challenges and we propose our compliance management vision, which is being implemented in the context of the EU ECSEL AMASS project.
Maternal renal interlobar vein impedance index is higher in early‐ than in late‐onset pre‐eclampsia (2010)

Maternal vascular maladaption in pre-eclampsia is associated with abnormal Doppler findings in the venous compartment. RIVI is higher in EP than in LP pregnancies and this is associated with lower birth-weight percentiles and higher proteinuria.
Programmable power supply system for SiPM bias (2011)

NEXT is a double beta decay experiment that will be operated in Canfranc Underground Laboratory (Spain). The goal of the NEXT Collaboration is to search for ββ0ν decays of the 136Xe isotope. This challenge can be met with a 100 kg High Pressure enriched Xenon TPC. One key issue of such a TPC will be an excellent energy resolution, which can only be achieved if the TPC is operated in electroluminescent mode. This mode provides two different signals: primary scintillation (weak and fast) and electroluminescence light (strong and slow). The tracking system will be done with TPB coated SiPMs sensitive to ultraviolet light. A prototype of TPC called NEXT1-IFIC is equipped with about 250 SiPMs that require stable bias supply voltage. Within this context, a programmable microcontroller-based power supply board has been developed in order to monitor and program the bias voltages to the required values with convenient accuracy. The system is based on an ATMEL microcontroller, which can be controlled via USB. The system is equipped with high resolution ADCs and DACs to obtain resolutions of the order of decants of milivolts.
Ionization on Platinum and Tungsten Surfaces. II. The Potassium Halides (1956)

The ionization of the potassium halides on tungsten follows the Saha-Langmuir equation and indicates the formation of stable partial films of halide. On platinum, however, reflection occurs amounting to more than 99% for KCl, KBr, and KI, and about 75% for KF.
HeartCode BLS with voice assisted manikin for teaching nursing students: preliminary results. (2010)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of HeartCode BLS, a self-directed, computer-based course for obtaining basic life support (BLS) certification. For part 2 of the course, students learned and practiced their cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) psychomotor skills on a voice assisted manikin (VAM). Students from 10 schools of nursing were randomly assigned to two types of CPR training: HeartCode BLS with VAM or the standard, instructor-led (IL) course with manikins that were not voice assisted; 264 students trained using HeartCode BLS and 339 had an IL course. When students passed their respective courses and were certified in BLS, their CPR skills were tested using the Laerdal PC SkillReporting System. Students who trained using HeartCode BLS and practiced their CPR skills on VAMs were significantly more accurate in their ventilations, compressions, and single-rescuer CPR than students who had the standard, IL course with regular manikins.
Linking Arable Crop Occurrence with Site Conditions by the Use of Highly Resolved Spatial Data (2019)

Agricultural land use is influenced in different ways by local factors such as soil conditions, water supply, and socioeconomic structure. We investigated at regional and field scale how strong the relationship of arable crop patterns and specific local site conditions is. At field scale, a logistic regression analysis for the main crops and selected site variables detected, for each of the analyzed crops, its own specific character of crop–site relationship. Some crops have diverging site relations such as maize and wheat, while other crops show similar probabilities under comparable site conditions, e.g., oilseed rape and winter barley. At the regional scale, the spatial comparison of clustered variables and clustered crop pattern showed a slightly stronger relationship of crop combination and specific combinations of site variables compared to the view of the single crop–site relationship.
Arterial Thrombosis and Protein S Deficiency (1989)

Dosage par immunoelectrophorese du taux plasmatique de l'antigene de la proteine S chez des patients souffrant d'une thrombose arterielle; correlation entre le deficit en proteine S et la thrombose
Production of Extracellular Polysaccharides by the Medicinal Mushroom Trametes trogii (Higher Basidiomycetes) in Stirred-Tank and Airlift Reactors (2013)

Extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs) produced by submerged culture of Trametes trogii exhibit antioxidant and antitumor activities. In this study, mycelial growth and EPS production of T. trogii were investigated using optimal culture conditions (maltose [53.12 g/L] and polypeptone [4.21 g/L] in distilled water) in a 5-L jar fermenter. Maximum biomass growth (10.81 g/L) occurred after 5 days of cultivation, whereas maximal EPS yield (1.86 g/L) was achieved after 5 days in a 5-L stirred-tank reactor. Furthermore, the morphological parameters (i.e., mean diameter, circularity, roughness, and compactness) of the pellets and the viscosity of the broth were characterized. It was proved that the compactness of the pellets were significantly positively correlated with EPS content.
Optoacoustic phase angle measurement for probing a metal (1979)

It is shown that using optoacoustic phase angle scanning rather than amplitude scanning enables precise measurements of subsurface structure in metal. For some applications the method can be an alternative to x-ray imaging.
Inhibition of the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma by indomethacin in conventional, nude, and beige mice. (1988)

The effects of a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin (Indo), on the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) growing as primary subcutaneous tumors in either conventional C57BL/6 mice, T cell deficient nude mice, or natural killer (NK) cell deficient beige mice were studied. In conventional mice, Indo, when continuously administered in the drinking water, consistently and significantly inhibited, in a dose-related fashion, the growth of LLC implanted either subcutaneously in the footpad or in the inguinal region; however, the degree of inhibition of footpad tumor appeared to be greater than that of inguinal tumor. Maximum inhibition was found when Indo was initiated before detectable or measurable tumor developed. If Indo treatment was initiated after tumor growth was evident, then Indo was found to be less effective, although significant inhibition was still observed. Indo also effectively inhibited LLC growing either in the footpad or in the inguinal region of nude or beige mice. The degree of inhibition of both footpad and inguinal tumors in both these mice was comparable to that seen in conventional C57BL/6 mice, indicating that mature T cells, NK cells, or soluble products produced only by these cells are not involved in mediating or modulating the inhibitory effects of Indo on LLC growth. Although Indo treatment significantly inhibited LLC growth in vivo, continuous treatment of cultured LLC cells with Indo in vitro did not decrease the growth of cultured cells. These results indicate that the inhibitory effect of Indo in vivo is not the result of a direct inhibitory effect of Indo on these tumor cells. Lastly, this inhibitory effect of Indo in vivo could not be reversed or negated, not even in part, by the simultaneous, daily i.p. administration of 16,16-dimethyl-PGE2. This finding suggests that the inhibitory effect of Indo involves a mechanism other than the inhibition of prostaglandin E2 production.
Ratiometric Fluorescence‐Imaging Assays of Plant Membrane Traffic Using Polyproteins (2006)

Fluorescent protein markers are widely used to report plant membrane traffic; however, effective protocols to quantify fluorescence or marker expression are lacking. Here the 20 residue self-cleaving 2A peptide from Foot and Mouth Disease Virus was used to construct polyproteins that expressed a trafficked marker in fixed stoichiometry with a reference protein in a different cellular compartment. Various pairs of compartments were simultaneously targeted. Together with a bespoke image analysis tool, these constructs allowed biosynthetic membrane traffic to be assayed with markedly improved sensitivity, dynamic range and statistical significance using protocols compatible with the common plant transfection and transgenic systems. As marker and effector expression could be monitored in populations or individual cells, saturation phenomena could be avoided and stochastic or epigenetic influences could be controlled. Surprisingly, mutational analysis of the ratiometric assay constructs revealed that the 2A peptide was dispensable for efficient cleavage of polyproteins carrying a single internal signal peptide, whereas the signal peptide was essential. In contrast, a construct bearing two signal peptide/anchors required 2A for efficient separation and stability, but 2A caused the amino-terminal moiety of such fusions to be mis-sorted to the vacuole. A model to account for the behaviour of 2A in these and other studies in plants is proposed.
TraceSim: a method for calculating stack trace similarity (2020)

Many contemporary software products have subsystems for automatic crash reporting. However, it is well-known that the same bug can produce slightly different reports. To manage this problem, reports are usually grouped, often manually by developers. Manual triaging, however, becomes infeasible for products that have large userbases, which is the reason for many different approaches to automating this task. Moreover, it is important to improve quality of triaging due to a large volume of reports that needs to be processed properly. Therefore, even a relatively small improvement could play a significant role in the overall accuracy of report bucketing. The majority of existing studies use some kind of a stack trace similarity metric, either based on information retrieval techniques or string matching methods. However, it should be stressed that the quality of triaging is still insufficient.
Diagnosis and management of urinary tract infections in the emergency department. (2014)

Urinary tract infections are a heterogeneous group of disorders, involving infection of all or part of the urinary tract, and are defined by bacteria in the urine with clinical symptoms that may be acute or chronic. Approximately 1 million urinary tract infections are treated every year in United States emergency departments. The female-to-male ratio is 6:1. Urinary tract infections are categorized as upper versus lower tract involvement and as uncomplicated versus complicated. The emergency clinician must carefully categorize the infection and take into account patient host factors to optimally treat and disposition patients. A working knowledge of local or at least national susceptibility patterns of the most likely pathogens is essential. A variety of special populations exist that require special management, including pregnant females, patients with anatomic abnormalities, and instrumented patients.
A Non-Organometallic Method for the Synthesis of Methyl Ketones from Acyl Chlorides (1980)

Abstract A large number of procedures exists for the alkylation of acyl halides to give 2-alkanones or homologues. However, most of these methods rely on organometallic alkylation reagents1 and thus suffer from the usual restrictions or disadvantages associated with such species.
Differential effects of the mitochondrial uncoupling agent, 2,4‐dinitrophenol, or the nitroxide antioxidant, Tempol, on synaptic or nonsynaptic mitochondria after spinal cord injury (2008)

We recently documented the progressive nature of mitochondrial dysfunction over 24 hr after contusion spinal cord injury (SCI), but the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. We investigated the effects of targeting two distinct possible mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction by using the mitochondrial uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) or the nitroxide antioxidant Tempol after contusion SCI in rats. A novel aspect of this study was that all assessments were made in both synaptosomal (neuronal)- and nonsynaptosomal (glial and neuronal soma)-derived mitochondria 24 hr after injury. Mitochondrial uncouplers target Ca(2+) cycling and subsequent reactive oxygen species production in mitochondria after injury. When 2,4-DNP was injected 15 and 30 min after injury, mitochondrial function was preserved in both populations compared with vehicle-treated rats, whereas 1 hr postinjury treatment was ineffective. Conversely, targeting peroxynitrite with Tempol failed to maintain normal bioenergetics in synaptic mitochondria, but was effective in nonsynaptic mitochondria when administered 15 min after injury. When administered at 15 and 30 min after injury, increased hydroxynonenal, 3-NT, and protein carbonyl levels were significantly reduced by 2,4-DNP, whereas Tempol only reduced 3-NT and protein carbonyls after SCI. Despite such antioxidant effects, only 2,4-DNP was effective in preventing mitochondrial dysfunction, indicating that mitochondrial Ca(2+) overload may be the key mechanism involved in acute mitochondrial damage after SCI. Collectively, our observations demonstrate the significant role that mitochondrial dysfunction plays in SCI neuropathology. Moreover, they indicate that combinatorial therapeutic approaches targeting different populations of mitochondria holds great potential in fostering neuroprotection after acute SCI.
HIV-1 syncytium-inducing phenotype, virus burden, codon 215 reverse transcriptase mutation and CD4 cell decline in zidovudine-treated patients. (1994)

The variable rate of disease progression in HIV-1-infected patients treated with zidovudine may be related to certain viral characteristics, such as, antiviral drug resistance, virus burden, and viral syncytium-inducing (SI) capacity. Thirty-two HIV-1-infected patients treated with zidovudine (mean of 34 months) were studied to determine the relationship of SI phenotype and the codon 215 pol gene mutation (a marker of zidovudine resistance) to virus burden and CD4 cell decline. Patients with SI strains and the codon 215 mutation in their proviral DNA had a 54% decline in CD4 cells and a virus burden of 21,480 proviral DNA copies/10(6) CD4 cells. In contrast, patients with non-SI (NSI) strains and wild-type at codon 215 had a 10% increase in CD4 cells and had a viral burden 1/46 that of patients with SI and the 215 mutation. Among patients with NSI strains, changes in CD4 cells depended on the presence of the codon 215 mutation (-160 CD4 cells/microliters), compared with those wild-type at codon 215 (+28 CD4 cells/microliters) (p < 0.01). There was a concordant rise in virus burden between proviral DNA and plasma HIV RNA depending on HIV phenotype and genotype. Using multiple linear regression, SI phenotype and the codon 215 mutation were found to independently predict CD4 cell decline and increased virus burden in zidovudine-treated patients.
Structural Characterization, DNA Interactions, and Cytotoxicity of New Transplatin Analogues Containing One Aliphatic and One Planar Heterocyclic Amine Ligand (2006)

We report in the present work new analogues of clinically ineffective transplatin in which one ammine group was replaced by aliphatic and the other by a planar heterocyclic ligand, namely trans-[PtCl(2)(isopropylamine)(3-(hydroxymethyl)-pyridine)], 1, and trans-[PtCl(2)(isopropylamine)(4-(hydroxymethyl)-pyridine)], 2. The new compounds, in comparison with parent transplatin, exhibit radically enhanced activity in tumor cell lines both sensitive and in particular resistant to cisplatin. Concomitantly, the DNA binding mode of 1 and 2 compared to parent transplatin and other antitumor analogues of transplatin in which only one ammine group was replaced is also different. The results also suggest that the reactions of glutathione and metallothionein-2 with compounds 1 and 2 do not play a crucial role in their overall biological effects. In addition, the monofunctional adducts of 1 and 2 are quenched by glutathione considerably less than the adducts of transplatin, which may potentiate cytotoxic effects of these new platinum complexes.
Cow Comfort Issues in Freestall Barns (2005)

Large scale dairies have become very popular in the past decade because of the adoption of new housing styles and the development of new production-enhancing technologies. These technologies allow producers to enhance labor efficiency, increase profits and improve the quality of life for both dairy owners and workers. To support the high production levels expected of or modern dairies, facilities must be designed to provide a comfortable place for cows to lie. Designs must also consider the initial and on-going cost to maintain the stalls. These objectives often are antagonistic and the producer must select a design that considers both criteria. Current research has shown stall usage increases with increased stall size and the use of certain stall base materials. The task for the producer is to weigh the value of the expected increased milk production, lower health costs, and / or increased longevity in the herd against the extra costs incurred. Freestall Design – Manure Curb Height The key freestall dimensions to consider are curb height, stall width, stall length, neck-rail height, and freestall divider mounting specifications. If curbs are too low, manure may enter the stall when manure it being removed from the barn and if too high, cows will be reluctant to back out of the stalls. A curb height of 10 ” is normally recommended, but often will be 9.5 ” if a 2”x10 ” plank is used to form the