gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Speech reception thresholds in noise with and without spectral and temporal dips for hearing-impaired and normally hearing people (1998)

People with cochlear hearing loss often have considerable difficulty in understanding speech in the presence of background sounds. In this paper the relative importance of spectral and temporal dips in the background sounds is quantified by varying the degree to which they contain such dips. Speech reception thresholds in a 65-dB SPL noise were measured for four groups of subjects: (a) young with normal hearing; (b) elderly with near-normal hearing; (c) young with moderate to severe cochlear hearing loss; and (d) elderly with moderate to severe cochlear hearing loss. The results indicate that both spectral and temporal dips are important. In a background that contained both spectral and temporal dips, groups (c) and (d) performed much more poorly than group (a). The signal-to-background ratio required for 50% intelligibility was about 19 dB higher for group (d) than for group (a). Young hearing-impaired subjects showed a slightly smaller deficit, but still a substantial one. Linear amplification combined with appropriate frequency-response shaping (NAL amplification), as would be provided by a well-fitted "conventional" hearing aid, only partially compensated for these deficits. For example, group (d) still required a speech-to-background ratio that was 15 dB higher than for group (a). Calculations of the articulation index indicated that NAL amplification did not restore audibility of the whole of the speech spectrum when the speech-to-background ratio was low. For unamplified stimuli, the SRTs in background sounds were highly correlated with absolute thresholds, but not with age. For stimuli with NAL amplification, the correlations of SRTs with absolute thresholds were lower, but SRTs in backgrounds with spectral and/or temporal dips were significantly correlated with age. It is proposed that noise with spectral and temporal dips may be especially useful in evaluating possible benefits of multi-channel compression.
Theoretical Study of the Reaction Mechanism of Fe Atoms with H<sub>2</sub>O, H<sub>2</sub>S, O<sub>2</sub> and H<sup>+</sup> (2001)

Density functional B3LYP/6-31G**, B3LYP/6-311G**, B3LYP/6-311+G(3df,2p), and ab initio CCSD(T)/6-311G** calculations showed the reaction of free iron atoms with water in the ground quintet electronic state to proceed by the formation of a weakly bound Fe−OH2 molecular complex. The complex is slightly unbound at the CCSD(T)/6-311G** level but stable according to density functional calculations and can isomerize to the HFeOH molecule, overcoming a barrier of 15−33 kcal/mol (with respect to the reactants), but further decomposition of HFeOH to FeO and H2 is hindered by a high barrier. In the presence of protons (in acidic environment), iron atoms can easily attach H+ with formation of the quintet FeH+ molecules. The reaction of these molecules with water, q-FeH+ + H2O → q-HFeOH2+ → q-FeOH+ + H2, is exothermic and occurs without activation barrier. In solution, q-FeOH+ may attach another proton (if the Coulomb repulsion barrier between the two ions can be overcome) and dissociate to q-Fe2+ and H2O, so the water molecule assists oxidation of a neutral iron atom to Fe2+, and two protons can be converted into molecular hydrogen transferring their charge to Fe. The FeH+ molecules are also shown to readily react with molecular oxygen, producing FeOOH+ without energy barrier. The FeH+ + O2 reaction is more facile than the reaction of FeH+ with water due to higher overall exothermicity (68−88 kcal/mol vs 20−34 kcal/mol for FeH+ + H2O → FeOH+ + H2) and a lower barrier for the intermediate reaction step (14−17 vs 35−46 kcal/mol), which can be rate-determining if the reaction occurs in solution. The reaction mechanism involving sequential Fe(5D) + H+ → q-FeH+, q-FeH+ + O2 → q-HFeO2+ → q-FeOOH+ reactions, followed by dissociation of q-FeOOH+ in solution yielding Fe2+, may be relevant to the first step of rusting. The calculations showed that electronically excited triplet iron atoms are more reactive with H2O. The triplet Fe + H2O → Fe−OH2 → HFeOH reaction is exothermic and has its transition state lying lower in energy than the reactants. No triplet-quintet intersystem crossing was found along the reaction pathway. The mechanism for the Fe + H2S reaction in the ground quintet electronic state is found to be similar to that for the reaction with water, but the critical barrier for the formation of the HFeSH intermediate is lower. Because of the reduced endothermicity of the Fe + H2S → FeS + H2 reaction and lower reaction barriers, the reaction of iron atoms with H2S is more likely to yield iron sulfide and molecular hydrogen than the reaction with water to produce FeO + H2.
Digital image analysis supports a nuclear‐to‐cytoplasmic ratio cutoff value of 0.5 for atypical urothelial cells (2017)

The identification of AUC with an N:C ratio >0.486 has a high predictive power for HGUC on follow-up in AUC specimens. This justifies using the N:C ratio as a required criterion for the AUC category. Individual laboratories using different cytopreparation methods may require independent validation of the N:C ratio cutoff value. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:710-6. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Vascular Delay and Administration of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Augment Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap Perfusion and Function (2000)

Ischemia of the distal latissimus dorsi muscle flap occurs when the entire muscle is acutely elevated. Although this level of ischemia may not be critical if the muscle is to be used as a conventional muscle flap, the ischemia causes decreased distal muscle function if it is used for dynamic muscle flap transfer. This experiment was designed to determine whether or not the administration of exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), combined with a sublethal ischemic insult (i.e., vascular delay), would further augment muscle perfusion and function. Both latissimus dorsi muscles of nine canines were subjected to a bipedicle vascular delay procedure immediately followed by thoracodorsal intraarterial injection of 100 microg of bFGF on one side and by intraarterial injection of vehicle on the other. Ten days later, both latissimus dorsi muscles were raised as thoracodorsally based island flaps, with perfusion determined by laser-Doppler fluximetry. The muscles were wrapped around silicone chambers, simulating cardiomyoplasty, and stimulating electrodes were placed around each thoracodorsal nerve. The muscles were then subjected to an experimental protocol to determine muscle contractile function. At the end of the experiment, latissimus dorsi muscle biopsies were obtained for measurement of bFGF expression. The results demonstrated that the administration of 100 microg of bFGF immediately after the vascular delay procedure increases expression of native bFGF. In the distal and middle muscle segments, it also significantly increased muscle perfusion by approximately 20 percent and fatigue resistance by approximately 300 percent. The administration of growth factors may serve as an important adjuvant to surgical procedures using dynamic muscle flap transfers.
Cosmic-Ray-Induced Errors in MOS Devices (1980)

The results are reported for a comprehensive analytical and experimental study of galactic cosmic-ray-induced errors in MOS devices. An error rate model is described which utilizes exact expressions for a path-length distribution function and a Linear Energy Transfer (LET) spectrum for the cosmic ray environment to calculate the expected cosmic-ray-induced error rate in space for a given parallel-piped-shaped sensitive volume. The model validity is confirmed by comparison of predictions to bit-error data from devices in orbiting satellites, and to cosmic ray simulation measurements on the same device types at a cyclotron. The experimental results and model predictions are described for a wide variety of device types, including NMOS, PMOS, CMOS/bulk, CMOS/SOS, and ANOS.
SDNN/RMSSD as a Surrogate for LF/HF: A Revised Investigation (2012)

Thousands of papers involved in heart rate variability (HRV). However, little was known about one important measure of HRV, the root mean square of successive heartbeat interval differences (RMSSDs). Another fundamental measure SDNN indicates standard deviation of normal to normal R-R intervals, where R is the peak of a QRS complex (heartbeat). Compared with SDNN, RMSSD is a short-term variation of heart rate. Through a time-frequency transformation, the ratio of low- and high-frequency power LF/HF represents the sympatho-vagal balance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Some research claimed that SDNN/RMSSD was a good surrogate for LF/HF. However, only two special cases supported this hypothesis in the literature survey. The first happened in resting supine state and the other was a group of prefrontal cortex patients. Both of their Pearson correlation coefficients reached 0.90, a reasonable criterion. In our study, a 6-week experiment was performed with 32 healthy young Asian males. The Pearson correlation coefficients had a normal distribution with average values smaller than 0.6 for 3 and 5-minute epochs, respectively. Our findings suggest this surrogate aspect could remain as a hypothesis.
A Critical Exploration of the Rhetoric of Equity Belied by Practice in Postgraduate Teacher Education (2006)

This paper presents the initial results of an investigation into the current awareness and perceptions of equity issues amongst academic staff working on a postgraduate learning and teaching course for teachers in tertiary education in the Republic of Ireland. The study is set in the contemporary landscape of discourses around equality, egalitarianism and equity in education generally
A novel floating offshore wind turbine concept: new developments (2010)

A novel concept for offshore floating wind turbines (Deep Wind) was presented by the authors in [1].This paper deals with new developments of the novel concept.Three configurations, each with different degrees of freedom, have been selected to be presented in this paper.The first configuration, characterized by the lowest number of degrees of freedom, is investigated by an aero-elastic code.
2D/3D indoor navigation based on multi-sensor assisted pedestrian navigation in Wi-Fi environments (2012)

Because of the complementary nature of inertial measurement unit based pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) and Wi-Fi positioning, the combination of both systems yields a synergetic effect resulting in higher navigation performance. Barometric sensors can provide height information for 2D/3D indoor navigation applications in multi-floor environments. In this paper, we explore the multi-sensor assisted pedestrian navigation. A PDR/Wi-Fi/barometer integrated system is presented. The adaptive Kalman filter is employed for sensor fusion, which can adapt dynamic noise statistics. One field experiment has been conducted in a multi-floor building. The numerical results are presented to show the navigation performance of the integrated system.
A Novel Symbolic Simulation for Scan Chain Diagnosis (2007)

Abstract- Locating the scan chain faults is very important for dedicated IC manufacturers to guide the failure analysis process for yield improvement. In this paper, we propose a new symbolic simulation for scan chain diagnosis to solve the diagnosis resolution problem. The proposed symbolic simulation, called the SFsimulation, is able to analyze the effects caused by faulty scan cells in good scan chains. Therefore, for scan chain diagnosis, we use the faulty information in good scan chains which are not contaminated by the faults while unloading scan out responses. The SF-simulation can tighten the size of the candidate list and achieve a high diagnosis resolution by analyzing fault effects of good scan chains, which are ignored by most previous works. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Bilateral Deepening of Upper Lid Sulcus From Topical Bimatoprost Therapy (2009)

Deepening of upper lid sulcus is one of the adverse effects related to treatment with bimatoprost. This effect may be more prominent in Asians who have relatively full upper lid sulcus.
A design of four-quadrant analog multiplier (2005)

The paper proposes a new four-quadrant analog multiplier which consists of a multiplier cell, a mixed signal circuit and three signal subtraction circuits. Its advantages are: the design has single ended inputs; the geometry of all the transistors is equal; its output can be the product of two signal voltage, or the product of a signal current and a signal voltage. Simulation results are demonstrated by PSpice to confirm the operation of the circuit.
Epitaxial growth of YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films on LiNbO3 substrates (1989)

I n situ epitaxial growth of YBa2Cu3O7−δ thin films on Y-cut LiNbO3 substrates using a standard laser ablation technique is reported. Resistance of the films shows a normal metallic behavior and a very sharp (&lt;1 K) superconducting transition with Tc(R=0) of 92 K. High critical current density of Jc(77 K)=2×105 A/cm2 is observed, which is in accordance with epitaxial growth. Film orientation observed from x-ray diffraction spectra indicates that the c axis is normal to the substrate plane and the a axis is at 45° to the [11.0] direction of the hexagonal lattice of the substrate with two domains in mirror image to the (110) plane.
Synthesis of a gold nanoparticle dimer plasmonic resonator through two-phase-mediated functionalization (2008)

We report that Au nanoparticles, ligand-exchanged with a thiol ligand at the liquid-liquid interface, were dimerized using an N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide-mediated amide bond formation. This dimerization of 60 nm sized Au nanoparticles achieved 24% overall yield and was visually confirmed by transmission electron microscopy as well as by scanning electron microscopy images. The resultant electromagnetic field enhancement of a single Au nanoparticle dimer was proven by dark field spectroscopy which, in turn, made the Au nanoparticle dimer suitable for molecular sensing applications, such as in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Our dimerization method demonstrated that the synthesis of Au nanoparticle dimers with a high yield and enhanced optical properties of the dimers were possible. Our methodology also has good prospects as regards the formation of nanoscale building blocks.
On the challenge of quantifying man-made nanoparticles in the aquatic environment (2009)

Technologies based on nanomaterials are developing daily, finding applications as diverse as new sensors for improved monitoring and detection, new medical imaging techniques, novel approaches to the treatment and remediation of contaminated land and green technologies for chemical production. An inevitable consequence of Man's exploitation of nanotechnology is both the deliberate and accidental release of manufactured nanomaterials into the environment. This presents the analytical science community with a challenge for which it is, at present, poorly prepared--the quantification of specific nanoparticles in the environment. The problem is the development of trace analysis methods targeted at solid phase species, rather than the dissolved species measured, for example, in a typical pesticide residue analysis. This will require the adoption of radically different approaches and techniques, many of which will be unfamiliar to the conventionally trained environmental analyst. This paper sets out to give a very brief overview of the techniques that are available, specifically questioning their suitability for the quantification of man-made nanoparticles in the aquatic environment. Suggestions are made as to how these techniques might be transferred from the characterization of synthetic products to the field of trace analysis. The analytical community is presented with a new frontier of environmental investigation that can only commence with the development of innovative approaches to the quantitative measurement of man-made nanomaterials in the environment.
REGIONAL SATURATION MUTAGENESIS AS AN APPROACH TO IDENTIFICATION OF SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY DETERMINANTS IN CYTOCHROME P450 BM3 (1993)

Conference Article| November 01 1993 REGIONAL SATURATION MUTAGENESIS AS AN APPROACH TO IDENTIFICATION OF SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY DETERMINANTS IN CYTOCHROME P450 BM3 Andrew W. Munro; Andrew W. Munro 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow. G12 8QQ. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar John R. Coggins; John R. Coggins 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow. G12 8QQ. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. Gordon Lindsay J. Gordon Lindsay 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow. G12 8QQ. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1993) 21 (4): 409S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021409s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Andrew W. Munro, John R. Coggins, J. Gordon Lindsay; REGIONAL SATURATION MUTAGENESIS AS AN APPROACH TO IDENTIFICATION OF SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY DETERMINANTS IN CYTOCHROME P450 BM3. Biochem Soc Trans 1 November 1993; 21 (4): 409S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst021409s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1993 Biochemical Society1993 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Acute Necrotizing Fasciitis in Childhood (1973)

Eleven patients, ranging in age from 3 weeks to 17 years, had acute necrotizing fasciitis. Seven patients developed infection following surgery or trauma. The trunk was the most common site of involvement. Five patients had infection caused by group A β-hemolytic streptococci. Staphylococci, gramnegative organisms, or a mixture of bacteria caused the remainder. Cultures of the involved areas were positive in the ten cases in which specimens were obtained, and blood cultures were positive in eight of ten patients. Extension of infection to underlying muscle occurred in seven cases, and fasciotomy was performed in nine patients. Four patients died and five required skin grafting. Effective therapy must include fasciotomy and extensive debridement in addition to antibiotic administration.
애니메이션 캐릭터가 아동 패션에 미치는 영향 - 애니메이션 아기 공룡둘리를 중심으로 - (1999)

아동패션의 애니메이션 캐릭터의 중요성은 `걸어 다니는 광고`라는 표현까지 쓴다. 그러나 우리 나라의 아동패션의 애니메이션캐릭터 사업은 특정 애니메이션이 유행 할 때의 부대행사의 역할밖에는 못했다. 본 연구에서 선택한 아기공룡둘리는 1984년 연재 만화로 시작하여 둘리와 그의 친구들이 다양한 캐릭터로 아동패션캐릭터로 사용되어왔다. 이는 아기공룡둘리의 연재만화에서 끝나지 않고 T.V 방영물과 비디오로 제작되고, 극장용 애니메이션까지 지속적인 개발이 있었기 때문이다. 아동패션캐릭터의 성공적 선택은 지속적으로 아동들에게 인기를 누리는 애니메이션 캐릭터를 선정하는 것이 중요하다. 또한 선정된 캐릭터는 섬유에 쉽게 프린팅 되고 재봉이 편하게 베리에이션 되어 아동들에게 쉽게 인지할 수 있어야 한다.
그리고 생산된 제품이 계약조건과 같은 품질과 환경에서 팔리고 있는 가에 대한 감독관리도 중요하다. 아동패션의 애니메이션 캐릭터 사업은 아동사회에 정착되어 가는 문화의 장르로 12세기를 맞이하여 고부가가치 산업이라 여겨진다.
Using milk leukocyte differentials for diagnosis of subclinical bovine mastitis (2017)

This research study aimed to evaluate the use of the milk leukocyte differential (MLD) to: (a) identify quarter milks that are culture-positive; and (b) characterize the milk leukocyte responses to specific groups of pathogens causing subclinical mastitis. The MLD measures the absolute number and relative percentage of inflammatory cells in milk samples. Using the MLD in two dairy herds (170 and 172 lactating cows, respectively), we studied all lactating cows with a most recent monthly Dairy Herd Improvement Association somatic cell count (SCC) >200 × 103 cells/ml. Quarter milk samples from 78 cows meeting study criteria were analysed by MLD and aseptically collected milk samples were subjected to microbiological culture (MC). Based upon automated instrument evaluation of the number and percentage of inflammatory cells in milk, samples were designated as either MLD-positive or - negative for subclinicial mastitis. Positive MC were obtained from 102/156 (65·4%) of MLD-positive milk samples, and 28/135 (20·7%) of MLD-negative milk samples were MC-positive. When MC was considered the gold standard for mastitis diagnosis, the calculated diagnostic Se of the MLD was 78·5% (IC(95%) = 70·4 to 85·2%) and the Sp was 66·5% (IC(95%) = 58·6 to 73·7%). [corrected]. Quarter milks positive on MC had higher absolute numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages, with higher neutrophils% and lymphocytes% but lower macrophages%. The Log10 (N/L) ratios were the most useful ratio to differentiate specific subclinical mastitis quarters from healthy quarters. Use of the MLD on cows with monthly composite SCC > 200 × 103 cells/ml for screening at quarter level identified quarters more likely to be culture-positive. In conclusion, the MLD can provide an analysis of mammary quarter status more detailed than provided by SCC alone; however, the MLD response to subclinical mastitis was not found useful to specifically identify the causative pathogen.
A Memory Intensive Functional Architecture for Distributed Computer Control Systems (1984)

A memory-intensive functional architecture for distributed data-acquisition, monitoring, and control systems with large numbers of nodes has been conceptually developed and applied in several large-scale and some smaller systems. This discussion concentrates on (a) the basic architecture; (b) recent expansions of the architecture which now become feasible in view of the rapidly developing component technologies in microprocessors and functional large-scale integration circuits; (c) implementation of some key hardware and software structures and one system implementation which is a system for performing control and data acquisition of a neutron spectrometer at the Brookhaven High Flux Beam Reactor. The spectrometer is equipped with a large-area position-sensitive neutron detector.
Flow in Fractured Media: a Darcy-Stokes-Brinkman Modelling Approach (2018)

Coupling between porous media and free flow is widely present in many applications. In fractured reservoirs, fractures are often treated as parallel (smooth) plates, between which the flow is assumed to be steady state fully developed, with no-slip boundary condition. Under these assumptions, the Darcy law is employed inside fractures with permeability (Kf ) as a quadratic function of aperture (a), i.e., Kf = a2/12. Although this model is a rough simplification of real rock fractures, it is still widely used in subsurface flow modelling. This study aims to investigate the validity range of the so-called local cubic law (LCL) by using a Darcy-Stokes-Brinkman model in which a unified formulation describes the Stokes flow in the free-flow sub-domain and Darcy flow in the porous sub-domain. Two simulation strategies are developed: a sequentially coupled approach, and a fully coupled approach. The nonlinear velocity profiles inside the free flow require enough grid resolution to be captured. As such, the grid resolution sensitivity is presented. More importantly, the permeability contrast between the two media is found to be an important factor for the applicability of the LCL (Darcy-Darcy) approach. A threshold of 10−7 is found, below which the difference between the two modelling approaches is negligible, and above which the LCL model no longer provide reasonable results.