gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microchip Immobilized Enzyme Reactors for Hydrolysis of Methyl Cellulose (2005)

Microchip immobilized enzyme reactors (microIMERs) with immobilized endoglucanases were applied for the hydrolysis of methyl cellulose (MC). MCs of various molecular weights were hydrolyzed using two microIMERs containing immobilized celloendoglucanase Cel 5A from Bacillus agaradhaerens (BaCel 5A) connected in series. Hydrolysis by the microIMER could be confirmed from the average molar masses and molar mass distributions measured by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with online multiangle light scattering and refractive index detection. Methylated cellooligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization (DP) between 1 and 6 formed during hydrolysis were analyzed by direct infusion electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry (ESI-ITMS). Mass spectra of microIMER- and batch-hydrolyzed samples were compared and no significant differences were found, indicating that microIMER hydrolysis was as efficient as conventional batch hydrolysis. A fast and automated hydrolysis with online MS detection was achieved by connecting the microIMER to high-performance liquid chromatography and ESI-ITMS. This online separation reduced the relative intensities of interfering signals and increased the signal-to-noise ratios in MS. The microIMER hydrolysates were also subjected to SEC interfaced with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. With this technique, oligomers with DP 3-30 could be detected. The hydrolysis by the microIMER was performed within 60 min, i.e. significantly faster compared with batch hydrolysis usually performed for at least 24 h. The microIMER also allowed hydrolysis after 10 days of continuous use. The method presented in this work offers new approaches for the analysis of derivatized cellulose and provides the possibility of convenient online, fast, and more versatile analysis compared with the traditional batch method.
Health Care-Seeking Behavior for Childhood Diarrhea in Mirzapur, Rural Bangladesh (2013)

We evaluated patterns of health care use for diarrhea among children 0-59 months of age residing in Mirzapur, Bangladesh, using a baseline survey conducted during May-June 2007 to inform the design of a planned diarrheal etiology case/control study. Caretakers of 7.4% of 1,128 children reported a diarrheal illness in the preceding 14 days; among 95 children with diarrhea, 24.2% had blood in the stool, 12.2% received oral rehydration solution, 27.6% received homemade fluids, and none received zinc at home. Caretakers of 87.9% sought care outside the home; 49.9% from a pharmacy, and 22.1% from a hospital or health center. The primary reasons for not seeking care were maternal perception that the illness was not serious enough (74.0%) and the high cost of treatment (21.9%). To improve management of childhood diarrhea in Mirzapur, Bangladesh, it will be important to address knowledge gaps in caretakers' assessment of illness severity, appropriate home management, and when to seek care in the formal sector. In addition, consideration should be given to inclusion of the diverse care-giving settings in clinical training activities for diarrheal disease management.
Optical bistability on reflection with an InSb étalon controlled by a guided wave (1984)

We report experimental results on optical bistability using an InSb étalon gold coated on one face, at 80 K and 5.59-microm wavelength. The bistability, observed on reflection, was controlled by a beam coupled through the edge of the étalon. The geometry lends itself to the possibility of addressing a large number of individual spots, all of which are controlled by the same guided beam.
The adenovirus major late promoter TATA box and initiation site are both necessary for transcription<i>in vitro</i> (1984)

Mutagenized DNA templates and HeLa whole cell extracts were used to study the effects of promoter-specific base changes on in vitro transcription. DNA templates where the initiating adenine (+1) was changed to thymidine (AT+1) in the adenovirus 2 major late transcription unit were transcribed with 50% efficiency of the unaltered template. We have described a mutant at the TATA box, where the A at position -28 was changed to a C (AC-28). Transcription efficiency was reduced to less than 20% of control in the AC-28 mutant (Concino et al., 1983, J. Biol. Chem. 258: 8493-8496). Primer extension analysis revealed increased 5' end heterogeneity for in vitro transcripts derived from AC-28 and AT+1 DNA templates. Specific transcription was completely abolished from AT+1 DNA templates when a second change was introduced within the TATA sequence, creating a double mutant (AC-28 . AT+1). Neither the AC-28 nor the AT+1 change alone had such an effect, suggesting a coordinated interaction in transcription initiation involving both the TATA box and the initiation site.
Retinopathy predicts coronary heart disease mortality (2008)

A finding of retinopathy in people with or without diabetes may signal increased CHD risk. The increased CHD mortality associated with retinopathy in people without diabetes was equivalent to the presence of diabetes itself.
Particle distribution tail and related energy formula (2009)

We present a simple derivation of the energy formula found by Tan, relative to the single-channel Hamiltonian relevant for ultracold Fermi gases. This derivation is generalized to particles with different masses, to arbitrary mixtures, and to two-dimensional space. We show how in a field-theoretic approach, the $1/{k}^{4}$ tail in the momentum distribution and the energy formula arise in a natural way. As a specific example, we consider quantitative calculations of the energy from different formulas within the ladder diagram approximation in the normal state. The comparison of the results provides an indication on the quality of the approximation.
Bubbling behavior of a fluidized bed of fine particles caused by vibration-induced air inflow (2013)

We demonstrate that a vibration-induced air inflow can cause vigorous bubbling in a bed of fine particles and report the mechanism by which this phenomenon occurs. When convective flow occurs in a powder bed as a result of vibrations, the upper powder layer with a high void ratio moves downward and is compressed. This process forces the air in the powder layer out, which leads to the formation of bubbles that rise and eventually burst at the top surface of the powder bed. A negative pressure is created below the rising bubbles. A narrow opening at the bottom allows the outside air to flow into the powder bed, which produces a vigorously bubbling fluidized bed that does not require the use of an external air supply system.
An Algebraic Approach to Data Quality Metrics for Entity Resolution over Large Datasets (2008)

This chapter introduces abstract algebra as a means of understanding and creating data quality metrics for entity resolution, the process in which records determined to represent the same real-world entity are successively located and merged. Entity resolution is a particular form of data mining that is foundational to a number of applications in both industry and government. Examples include commercial customer recognition systems and information sharing on “persons of interest” across federal intelligence agencies. Despite the importance of these applications, most of the data quality literature focuses on measuring the intrinsic quality of individual records than the quality of record grouping or integration. In this chapter, the authors describe current research into the creation and validation of quality metrics for entity resolution, primarily in the context of customer recognition systems. The approach is based on an algebraic view of the system as creating a partition of a set of entity records based on the indicative information for the entities in question. In this view, the relative quality of entity identification between two systems can be measured in terms of the similarity between the partitions they produce. The authors discuss the difficulty of applying statistical cluster analysis to this problem when the datasets are large and propose an alternative index suitable for these situations. They also report some preliminary experimental results, and outlines areas and approaches to further research in this area.
Investigation of the Role of Glypican 3 in Liver Regeneration and Hepatocyte Proliferation (2010)

Glypicans are heparan sulfate proteoglycans that are bound to cell surface through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. Our study focused on glypican 3 (GPC3). Loss of function mutations of GPC3 result in the Simpson‐Golabi‐Behmel syndrome, an X‐linked disorder characterized by pre‐ and postnatal liver and other organ overgrowth. GPC3 is over‐expressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma; however, its role in normal liver regeneration and hepatocyte proliferation is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of GPC3 in hepatocyte proliferation. We found that GPC3 mRNA and protein begin to increase at 2 days after hepatectomy with a peak expression at day 5. In hepatocyte cultures GPC3 reaches plateau level when hepatocyte proliferation decreases. In vitro studies using Morpholino oligonucleotides showed that blocking GPC3 expression promoted hepatocyte growth. Yeast two hybrid assays revealed that GPC3 interacts with CD81, a member of the tetraspanin family. We found that CD81 level also increased from day 2 after PHx and towards the end of regeneration. Immunofluorescence showed that CD81 and GPC3 co‐localize at day 2 and day 6 after hepatectomy. Co‐immunoprecipitation validated the interaction of GPC3 and CD81. Our results indicate that GPC3 may be a negative regulator of liver regeneration and hepatocyte proliferation, and this regulation may involve CD81.
Beyond the Nernst-limit with dual-gate ZnO ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (2011)

The sensitivity of conventional ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) is limited to 59 mV/pH, which is the maximum detectable change in electrochemical potential according to the Nernst equation. Here we demonstrate a transducer based on a ZnO dual-gate field-effect transistor that breaches this boundary. To enhance the response to the pH of the electrolyte, a self-assembled monolayer has been used as a top gate dielectric. The sensitivity scales linearly with the ratio between the top and bottom gate capacitances. The sensitivity of our ZnO ISFET of 22 mV/pH is enhanced by more than two orders of magnitude up to 2.25 V/pH.
Inlet Fogging of Gas Turbine Engines—Part I: Fog Droplet Thermodynamics, Heat Transfer, and Practical Considerations (2004)

The inlet fogging of gas turbine engines for power augmentation has seen increasing application over the past decade yet not a single technical paper treating the physics and engineering of the fogging process, droplet size measurement, droplet kinetics, or the duct behavior of droplets, from a gas turbine perspective, is available. This paper provides the results of extensive experimental and theoretical studies conducted over several years coupled with practical aspects learned in the implementation of nearly 500 inlet fogging systems on gas turbines ranging in power from 5 to 250 MW. Part I of the paper covers the underlying theory of droplet thermodynamics and heat transfer, and provides several practical pointers relating to the implementation and application of inlet fogging to gas turbine engines.
Analysis of Microstructure of Polyamic Acid Alkylamine Salt Monolayers by Atomic Force Microscopy and Friction Force Microscopy (2000)

The surface microstructures of monolayers of polyamic acid alkylamine salts having long alkyl chains were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and friction force microscopy (FFM). Two different aromatic structures of polyamic acids and four different single chain alkylamine structures were used for the preparation of polyamic acid alkylamine salt monolayers. Although single chain alkylamines tend to form an island-like domain structure, the homogeneous island-free surface structure of monolayers were observed for the long alkyl chain dimethylamine derivative. The island-like structure was formed by the coagulation of alkylamine during the film preparation process. It was found that the coagulation of alkylamine chains could be eliminated by the selection of the starting single chain alkylamine structure and by the conditions of monolayer deposition, such as surface pressure.
The use of combination of nonlinear optical materials to control terahertz pulse generation and detection (2008)

We suggest composite nonlinear optical media based on the pair of ZnTe and GaP crystals for terahertz pulse detection or generation. The influence of laser wavelength, pulse duration, and media thickness on the terahertz pulse conversion are studied. The optimization of the composite structure performed numerically allowed for essential improvement of the phase-matching condition observed in the experiment.
A logistic prediction model for individual allowable noise levels (2008)

Annoyance to noise is probably a good measure of the potential for complaint and community action. Each individual's degree of annoyance to noise cannot be accurately predicted from conventional laboratory studies and social surveys. Therefore, a logistic prediction model for individual allowable noise levels has been developed. In a previous paper [K. Furihata et al., Acta Acust. Acust. 93, 73-83 (2007)], an annoyance scale using the most frequently used annoyance ratings related to noise for community noise assessment in Japan was constructed. The dose-response relationships were obtained by actually listening to sounds in a field situation (1474 subjects) carried out at 14 metropolitan cities in Japan. The logistic prediction model was developed using the logistic regression parameters estimated from each cumulative percentage curve of seven annoyance scale scores based on all data (n=2940). To verify the hypothesis, individual relationships between annoyance and L(Aeq, (5 min)) for 24 normal-hearing subjects were constructed using a laboratory experiment. The main conclusion drawn from the results is that if at least one dose-response relation is obtained from each subject, the model can predict whether a sound is annoying or not from its L(Aeq,(5 min)) value. Moreover, validation of the model is needed in a field situation.
Nitrogen-vacancy-center imaging of bubble domains in a 6-angstrom film of cobalt with perpendicular magnetization (2014)

We employ a scanning nitrogen-vacancy-center microscope to perform stray field imaging of bubble magnetic domains in a perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/AlOx trilayer with 6 A of Co. The stray field created by the domain walls is quantitatively mapped with few-nanometer spatial resolution, with a probe-sample distance of about 100 nm. As an example of application, we show that it should be possible to determine the Bloch or Neel nature of the domain walls, which is of crucial importance to the understanding of current-controlled domain wall motion. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
Comparison of DNA- and mRNA-Transfected Mouse Dendritic Cells as Potential Vaccines against the Human Papillomavirus Type 16 associated Oncoprotein E7 (2008)

Genetically modified DCs are suitable vehicles for the induction of E7-specific CTL responses in mice and hence could help to eradicate HPV-associated lesions in humans.
Isotopie‐Effekte bei der peroxydatischen Formiatoxydation durch Leberkatalase (1958)

Abstract The coupled oxidation of H 14 COONa and D 14 COONa by catalase has been studied using notatin + glucose (and SH‐compounds) as an H 2 O 2 ‐generating system.
Influence of the polymerization conditions on the impact properties of metallocene‐catalyzed copolymers of ethylene and aryl‐substituted norbornenes with low exo/endo ratios (2000)

When testing copolymers of ethylene and aryl-substituted norbornenes with the Charpy impact method it was found that under certain polymerization conditions their impact properties increased with increasing polymerization time. It was also found that this improvement on impact properties was due to increasing exo/endo ratios of the incorporated aryl-substituted norbornene comonomers. This effect is important because impact-resistant copolymers can be made using aryl-substituted norbornene comonomers with low exo/endo ratios, which are more easily synthesized and purified. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1108–1117, 2000
Stability analysis based on synchronized phasor measurements (2008)

A method to analyze stability on a multi-machine power system was developed. For steady state estimation the phasor voltages and angles were used to calculate the frequency deviations. The calculated frequency deviations were then filtered by an FFT filter to extract the power oscillations. By linearly approximating a set of differential equations, the eigenvalues for the system were identified from the dominant mode. To do transient stability analysis, rotor angles were calculated from generator parameters; phasor voltages and currents by using direct methods. The equal area criterion was used to analyze disturbance scenario and determine the critical stability region of the power system. The algorithms developed were tested on a four-machine two area system by simulation of disturbance scenario in the network.
The generation of hydroxide and methoxide ions by photo-irradiation: use of aromatization to stabilize ionic photo-products from acridine derivatives (1996)

The photolysis of 9-hydroxy-10-methyl-9-phenyl-9,10-dihydroacridine 1 or its 9-methoxy derivative 2 occurs with heterolytic cleavage of a C–O bond and formation of the desired strong base together with a cation that stabilizes itself through aromatization.
Bathymetry calculations with Landsat 4 TM imagery under a generalized ratio assumption (1987)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text R. Kent Clark, Temple H. Fay, and Charles L. Walker, "Bathymetry calculations with Landsat 4 TM imagery under a generalized ratio assumption," Appl. Opt. 26, 4036_1-4038 (1987) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Similarity search plug-in: Clone detection meets internet-scale code search (2012)

This paper presents an Eclipse plug-in that provides source code similarity search over source code available on the Internet. We show how our Linked Data repository (SeCold) and scalable clone search approach (SeClone) can provide the enabling technology for an open Internet-scale similarity search service.
Altered intestinal antibacterial gene expression response profile in irritable bowel syndrome is linked to bacterial composition and immune activation (2018)

This study demonstrates an altered antibacterial gene expression profile in IBS patients compared to HS and UC patients. While not linked to symptoms, immune activity-defined IBS clusters showed different intestinal antibacterial gene expression and distinct fecal and mucosal bacterial profiles.
Local Immunologic Response to Immunization with Inactivated Newcastle Disease Virus (1971)

Abstract Chickens were immunized with Newcastle disease virus inactivated by β propriolactone. The antigen was administered by the intramuscular or intranasal route, and the appearance of HI antibodies in the serum and lungs was followed. Local secretory antibodies in the lung were found only as a consequence of intranasal immunization, whereas serum antibodies were found after administration of antigen by either route.
Bond-Forming Reactions of Gas-Phase Molecular Dications (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBond-Forming Reactions of Gas-Phase Molecular DicationsStephen D. Price, Michelle Manning, and Stephen R. LeoneCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 19, 8673–8680Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1994https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00098a030RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations66LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (931 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cavity QED effects in semiconductor microcavities (1999)

A theoretical investigation of cavity QED effects in semiconductor microcavities containing quantum wells is presented. A model Hamiltonian is used to derive equations of motion for the quantum photon and exciton fields in the cavity. Quantum effects such as squeezing and antibunching are predicted in the light field going out of the cavity under irradiation by a coherent laser field, if exciton-phonon scattering is weak enough. Exciton-phonon scattering is shown to destroy the nonclassical effects and to yield excess noise in the output field.
Development of control mechanisms for a laser wakefield accelerator-driven bremsstrahlung x-ray source for advanced radiographic imaging (2020)

Abstract A high power laser was used to accelerate electrons in a laser-driven wakefield accelerator. The high energy electrons were then used to generate an x-ray beam by passing them through a converter target. This bremsstrahlung source was characterised and used to perform penetrative imaging of industrially relevant samples. The photon spectrum had a critical energy in excess of 100 MeV and a source size smaller than the resolution of the diagnostic ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mo>≲</mml:mo> </mml:math> 150 µ m). Simulations indicate a significantly smaller source is achievable. Variations in the x-ray source characteristics were realised through changes to the plasma and converter parameters while simulations confirm the adaptability of the source. Imaging of high areal density objects with 150 µ m resolution was performed, demonstrating the unique advantages of this novel source.