gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Steel Coating Type and Galvanneal Coating Structure on Electrocoat Primer Paintability (1999)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The electrocoat operating windows of five automotive sheet steel products (uncoated cold rolled, electrogalvanized, hot dip galvanized, electrogalvanneal, and hot dip galvanneal) were compared. The effect of variations in base steel chemistry and galvanneal coating structure on the operating window were also evaluated. While all variations exhibited an acceptable electrocoat operating window, there was a measurable difference between the five sheet steel products. There was no effect of the galvanneal coating structure or base steel chemistry on the operating window.</div>
Scientifically Gifted Students' Conceptions of Nature of Science (2003)

The purpose of this study is to assess gifted students' conceptions about nature of science (NOS). Scientifically gifted students who are expected to be professionals in the future should possess an adequate understanding of NOS that if firm foundation for scientific career. 47 volunteers from the 8th grade gifted science program in Seoul National University Gifted Education Center participated to answer questions inquiring NOS conceptions. Their answers were analyzed and compared to different groups such as non-gifted students and younger gifted students. As a result, gifted students' understanding of NOS appeared to surpass that of non-gifted students in many aspects and it seemed that gifted students formed their NOS view in early ages. The relative weakness in their NOS conceptions was found in understanding of scientific enterprise. Their strong misunderstanding about obstacles that minority people would face in scientific enterprise was noticed, too. They admitted that there has been discrimination in scientific enterprise, but they wrongly believed that outstanding scientists cannot be affected by it. Further studies will be required to probe more.
Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid and Histamine Release from Rat Mast Cells (1982)

The action of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the release of histamine induced by clinical dextran, concanavalin A and compound 48/80 has been studied in rats after intraperitoneal and intrapedial injection as well as in tubes containing isolated peritoneal mast cells. Whereas large doses of EDTA were required for inhibiting histamine release in the whole animal, relatively much smaller concentrations were necessary when the inhibitor was injected locally into the paw or included in the incubation mixture with isolated cells. When dextran was used as the histamine releaser, EDTA was relatively much more effective an inhibitor in vitro than in vivo.
Thermostable alpha-amylase production by an extreme thermophile Bacillus thermooleovorans (2001)

Bacillus thermooleovorans produces a calcium-independent and thermostable amylase which can find use in starch saccharification.
NMR Imaging of Solvent Diffusion in Polymers (1989)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging is sensitive to the mobile protons of solvent molecules and, as such, is well suited for studying the solvent diffusion in polymers. The fundamentals of NMR imaging are described, providing a platform for application of NMR imaging to diffusion processes in polymers. The constraints on the imaging experiment imposed by the diffusion process are discussed with respect to sample geometry and the rate of diffusion. A fast imaging scheme known as FLASH is described as an alternative method which reduces the influence of the diffusion rate and NMR relaxation parameters. Example images are given with regard to each of the constraints. An example of the successful application of NMR imaging to the study of Case II diffusion in PMMA is also given. The advantages and disadvantages of NMR imaging as applied to diffusion in polymers, as well as examples of the diffusion process that NMR imaging is uniquely qualified to study, are given in the conclusion.
Wilfrid Noel Bond and the Bond number (2012)

Although the Bond number is generally known in fluid mechanics to describe the effects of surface tension and weight of a liquid drop or bubble, W.N. Bond as an individual is currently hardly known. Based on a lucky coincidence, the author was able to find documents, medals and photographs through his grandson. This work describes on the one hand the physical background of Bond's works, mainly relating to the measurement of viscosity and surface tension, the significance and relevance of the Bond number, and the professional and private background of a young and outstanding individual, who tragically passed away due to a serious illness. It is hoped that the basic knowledge of fluid flow is revitalized by this work, and that similar projects may be directed to the understanding of the historical developments of the hydraulic community.
A Novel Data Replication and Management Protocol for Mobile Computing Systems (2006)

Mobile computing has enabled users to seamlessly access databases even when they are on the move. Mobile computing environments require data management approaches that are able to provide complete and highly available access to shared data at any time from any where. In this paper, we propose a novel replicated data protocol for achieving such goal. The proposed scheme replicates data synchronously over stationary sites based on three dimensional grid structure while objects in mobile sites are asynchronously replicated based on commonly visited sites for each user. This combination allows the proposed protocol to operate with less than full connectivity, to easily adapt to changes in group membership and not require all sites to agree to update data objects at any given time, thus giving the technique flexibility in mobile environments. The proposed replication technique is compared with a baseline replication technique and shown to exhibit high availability, fault tolerance and minimal access times of the data and services, which are very important in an environment with low‐quality communication links.
Robust speech recognition over mobile and IP networks in burst-like packet loss (2005)

This paper addresses the problem of achieving robust distributed speech recognition in the presence of burst-like packet loss. To compensate for packet loss a number of techniques are investigated to provide estimates of lost vectors. Experimental results on both a connected digits task and a large vocabulary continuous speech recognition task show that simple methods, such as repetition, are not as effective as interpolation methods which are better able to preserve the dynamics of the feature vector stream. Best performance is given by maximum a-posteriori (MAP) estimation of lost vectors which utilizes statistics of the feature vector stream. At longer burst lengths the performance of these compensation techniques deteriorates as the temporal correlation in the received feature vector stream reduces. To compensate for this interleaving is proposed which aims to disperse bursts of loss into a series of unconnected smaller bursts. Results show substantial gains in accuracy, to almost that of the no loss condition, when interleaving is combined with estimation techniques, although this is at the expense of introducing delay. This leads to the proposal that, for a distributed speech recognition application, it is more beneficial to trade delay for accuracy rather than trading bit-rate for accuracy as in forward error correction schemes.
Human Amniotic Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Cells from Fetuses with a Neural Tube Defect Do Not Deposit Collagen Type I Protein After TGF-β1 Stimulation In Vitro (2013)

In spina bifida, the neural tube fails to close during the embryonic period. Exposure of the neural tube to the amniotic fluid during pregnancy causes additional neural damage. Intrauterine tissue engineering using a biomaterial seeded with stem cells might prevent this additional damage. For this purpose, autologous cells from the amniotic fluid are an attractive source. To close the defect, it is important that these cells deposit an extracellular matrix. However, it is not known if amniotic fluid mesenchymal cells (AFMCs) from a fetus with a neural tube defect (NTD) share the same characteristics as AFMCs from a healthy fetus. We found that cells derived from fetuses with a NTD, in contrast to healthy human amniotic fluid cells, did not deposit collagen type I. Furthermore, the NTD cells showed, compared with both healthy amniotic fluid cells and fetal fibroblasts, much lower mRNA expression levels of genes that are involved in collagen biosynthesis [procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer proteins (PCOLCE), PCOLCE2, ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 2 (ADAMTS2), ADAMTS14]. This indicates that NTD-AFMCs have different characteristics compared with healthy AFMCs and might not be suitable for fetal therapy to close the defect in spina bifida patients.
Stereoselective Synthesis of 2-Acetamido-1,2-dideoxyallonojirimycin (DAJNAc), a New Potent Hexosaminidase Inhibitor (2013)

A practical synthesis of the previously unreported N-acetyl-D-allosamine glycomimetic DAJNAc is described. The reaction sequence involves Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution by phthalimide in an azaheterobicyclic scaffold as the key step. The new iminosugar resulted in being a stronger β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (human placenta) competitive inhibitor than the D-gluco (DNJNAc) and D-galacto (DGJNAc) stereoisomers.
Study on the Shock-transmission Mechanism of Stock Price among China, Russia and India (2014)

Researchers pay more and more attention on the price comovement-effect among international stock markets. This paper deals with the transmission mechanism of price shocks among three stock markets of China, Russia and India, with a sample of weekly returns. The results showed that the price fluctuation of each market has an influence on other markets, although the price behavior is significantly independent. The impact of external price innovations will last 5 or 6 weeks usually and disappear after about 8 weeks. The pattern of transmission-mechanism for the price shocks is very different from each other. Besides, a further study revealed that the influence of external shocks on the domestic stock price increased significantly among the three markets after the 2008 international financial crisis.
Differences in behaviour of adsorbed water in kaolinites and montmorillonites in temperature range from −90°C to +140°C by dielectric spectroscopy (2012)

Two different types of natural layer aluminosilicates (clay minerals), montmorillonite with the exchangeable K+ and Ni2+ cations and kaolinite with the exchangeable K+ and Ba2+ cations, were investigated by dielectric spectroscopy. The different effects of water adsorption in montmorillonites and kaolinites on the dielectric response were observed in wide temperature (−90°C ÷ +140°C) and frequency (1 Hz ÷ 1 MHz) ranges. The influence of the nature of the hydration centers on adsorbed water dynamics and influence of ions nature on the activation energy values of the relaxation processes were discussed.
Behavior and scenario modeling for real-time virtual environments (2000)

Virtual environments provide a powerful medium for studying human behavior. To exploit the potential of virtual environments as laboratories for psychological experimentation, we must be able to control the dynamics of complex virtual environments populated with autonomous entities. In experiments, the right things must happen at the right time and place. My research addresses two essential components required to create engaging, realtime, virtual environments: (1) Representations of the physical environment adapted to the needs of autonomous behavior programming in urban settings, and (2) An interpreted scripting language for online programming of scenario control processes. I introduce the Environment Description Framework (EDF) and the Scen...
Registration of low resolution medical images (1992)

There are several situations in which the registration of two medical images is desirable. One example is the registration of two images of the same organ taken using different radionuclide tracers, for example the ventilation and perfusion components of a V/Q lung scan, where the aim is to compare the regional uptake of the two tracers. Another example is the registration of images of an organ belonging to a single patient but taken at different times, where the aim is to follow changes in tracer uptake. Such techniques require a reliable method of registering images. One image is usually brought into registration with another image using a coordinate transfer function (CTF) and the central problem in image registration is the determination of the appropriate CTF. A new semi-automatic approach to the problem of finding the CTF for similar images is described which is especially applicable to low resolution images.
A miniature piezoelectric ultrasonic motor based on circular bending vibration mode (2000)

A rod-type miniature piezoelectric ultrasonic motor based on free-free bending vibration mode with improved construction was developed for application of precise positioner. The design methodology, construction, and operation principle of the motor are presented. By using the finite element method, the motor's vibration modes and driving mechanism were modeled. The characteristics of the prototype were investigated experimentally. The experimental results first reveal that both a corrugated tube type of horn and "soft-type" piezoelectric ceramic in the piezoelectric transducer (stator) can widen the band of operational frequency of the motors notably. The developed prototypes, 15 mm in diameter and 25 mm in length, have shown some advantages such as low speed (70 r/min) with large torque (0.055 N/spl middot/M), very high resolution (0.01/spl deg/), and good speed stability of over 10 h, etc. The miniature motor has been successfully applied to laser resonant cavity as a precise driving element.
Interactive Healthcare Big Data Analytics Platform under Simulated Performance (2016)

To utilize data from hospital systems, big data analytics (BDA) has become increasingly important. BDA enable queries of large highly diverse and real volumes of patient data in an interactively dynamic way that enriches the use of the platform with data visualization for healthcare. We established a Healthcare BDA (HBDA) platform at the University of Victoria (UVic) with Compute Canada/Westgrid, and Vancouver Island Health Authority (VIHA), Victoria, BC, Canada. The framework was a proof-of-concept implementation that tested emulated patient data representative of the main hospital system at VIHA. We cross-referenced all data, its profiles and metadata, with the existing clinical reporting. Our HBDA platform and its performance was tested for different patient query types in simulation with the data ingested into Hadoop file system over different applications of Apache Spark with Zeppelin and Jupyter web-based interfaces, and Apache Drill interfaces. The results showed that the ingestion time of one billion records took circa 2 hours via Apache Spark. Apache Drill outperformed Spark/Zeppelin and Spark/Jupyter. However, it was restricted to running more simplified queries, and very limited in its visualizations exhibiting poor usability for healthcare. Zeppelin running on Spark showed ease-of-use interactions for health applications, but it lacked the flexibility of its interface tools and required extra setup time before running queries. Jupyter on Spark offered high performance stacks not only over our HBDA platform but also in unison to run all queries simultaneously with high usability for a variety of reporting requirements by providers and health professionals.
Improving Coarsening Schemes for Hypergraph Partitioning by Exploiting Community Structure (2017)

We present an improved coarsening process for multilevel hypergraph partitioning that incorporates global information about the community structure. Community detection is performed via modularity maximization on a bipartite graph representation. The approach is made suitable for different classes of hypergraphs by defining weights for the graph edges that express structural properties of the hypergraph. We integrate our approach into a leading multilevel hypergraph partitioner with strong local search algorithms and perform extensive experiments on a large benchmark set of hypergraphs stemming from application areas such as VLSI design, SAT solving, and scientific computing. Our results indicate that respecting community structure during coarsening not only significantly improves the solutions found by the initial partitioning algorithm, but also consistently improves overall solution quality.
FUNDAMENTALS OF CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (1966)

associate director, Coronary Care Unit, Presbyterian-University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa.
Design guidelines for landmarks to support navigation in virtual environments (1999)

Unfamiliar, large-scale virtual environments are difficult to navigate. This paper presents design guidelines to ease navigation in such virtual environments. The guidelines presented here focus on the design and placement of landmarks in virtual environments. Moreover, the guidelines are based primarily on the extensive empirical literature on navigation in the real world. A rationale for this approach is provided by the similarities between navigational behavior in real and virtual environments.
Azadirachtin: Potential Use for Controlling Lepidopterous Insects and Increasing Marketability of Cabbage (1996)

Azadirachtin (ATI), an insect growth regulator derived from extracts of neem ( Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed, was evaluated for the control of cabbage looper ( Trichoplusia ni Hübner), diamondback moth ( Plutella xylostella L.), and silverleaf whitefly (Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring) in cabbage ( Brassica oleracea L. Capitata Group) grown in southwestern Texas. In Fall 1992, ATI was tested with the a.i. at 0, 22, 33 and 44 g·ha –1 . In 1993, ATI was evaluated at 33 g·ha –1 and in combination with M-Pede (1%, v/v), an organic insecticide based on potassium salts of fatty acids at 49%. Two commercial (Align and Neemix) and one experimental hydrogenated (LDF) ATI formulations were evaluated at 11 g·ha –1 in 1994. Insect populations were monitored weekly before and after treatment application. Plant damage was evaluated immediately before harvest, and marketable yields were determined. In 1992, large (>6 mm long) and total cabbage looper counts were reduced by ATI compared with the nontreated control. Insect mortality was similar for all ATI rates tested in 1992. In 1993, ATI at 33 g·ha –1 + M-Pede reduced the number of cabbage looper and diamondback moth larvae. ATI efficacy against cabbage looper and diamondback moth was enhanced when crop oil (polyol fatty acid esters with polyethoxylated derivatives) was tank-mixed with Align or LDF formulations in 1994. ATI did not reduce the number of silverleaf whitefly nymphs compared to the control. In all seasons, ATI-treated plants had lower insect-induced plant damage and higher marketable head weights than the nontreated control. Using ATI on lepidopterous pests appears to be beneficial for integrated pest management strategies.
Fortschreitender Verfall von Protektionismus (1993)

Protektionismus ist in einem solchen internationalen Umfeld anachronistisch, und wir beobachten deshalb weltweit seinen Verfall.
Prevention of Online Transaction Using MAC Address of the Machine, OTP Two Layer Model to Identify Legitimate User (2016)

E-shopping changed the world of selling and buying the products.With the Increase in technology and availability of resources on just one click modify the style of shopping, business, buying and selling.Use of online transaction to buy the products and conducting e-payments increasing day by day.Users now prefer to buy things and conduct shopping activities by just clicking from their machine.Trend of online shopping involved the online payments, involvement of online transactions enhance the use of credit cards, debit cards etc.The involvement of online payment is providing the facility to user and also providing the opportunity to fraudster took benefit of this to commit frauds like hacking of payment and transfer of money to some other accounts etc.The proposed model provided in this paper identify the user with the help of two layer model.The proposed model focus on the identification of user through MAC address of the machine used by the user to carry out the transaction process.With the concept that user's mostly use the same machine to carry out the transactions.
Beat‐to‐Beat Repolarization Variability Measured by T Wave Spectral Variance Index in Chronic Infarcted Animals (2002)

This noninvasive measure confirms the presence of temporal repolarization variability associated with chronic myocardial infarction and further contributes to identify the infarcted animals.
An Efficient Off-line Electronic Cash System Based On The Representation Problem. (1993)

We present a new off-line electronic cash system based on a problem, called the representation problem, of which little use has been made in literature thus far. Our system is the first to be based entirely on discrete logarithms. Using the representation problem as a basic concept, some techniques are introduced that enable us to construct protocols for withdrawal and payment that do not use the cut and choose methodology of earlier systems. As a consequence, our cash system is much more efficient in both computation and communication complexity than previously proposed systems. Another important aspect of our system concerns its provability. Contrary to previously proposed systems, its correctness can be mathematically proven to a very great extent. Specifically, if we make one plausible assumption concerning a single hash-function, the ability to break the system seems to imply that one can break the Diffie-Hellman problem. Our system offers a number of extensions that are...
Nail Art (2010)

Beautiful nails are considered to be a precious gift to be treasured and cared for. In Greek mythology Eros is identified as the first manicurist. He cut the goddess Aphrodite’s fingernails while she was sleeping and scattered them on the beaches of the earth. Seeing what had transpired, the fates c
Adaptation of Aquatic Microbial Communities to Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (1986)

The effects of long-chain (C(12) to C(18)) quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) on the density, heterotrophic activity, and biodegradation capabilities of heterotrophic bacteria were examined in situ in a lake ecosystem. Monoalkyl and dialkyl substituted QACs were tested over a range of concentrations (0.001 to 10 mg/liter) in both acute (3 h) and chronic (21 day) exposures. In general, none of the QACs tested had significant adverse effects on bacterial densities in either acute or chronic studies. However, significant decreases in bacterial heterotrophic activity were noted in acute studies at QAC concentrations from 0.1 to 10 mg/liter. Chronic exposure of lake microbial communities to a specific monoalkyl QAC resulted in an adaptive response and recovery of heterotrophic activity. No-observable-effect level in the adapted populations was >10 mg/liter. Chronic exposure also resulted in significant increases in the number and activity of bacteria capable of biodegrading the material. The increase in biodegradation capability was observed at low (microgram per liter) concentrations which are approximately the same as realistic environmental levels. In general, our studies indicated that exposure of lake microbial communities to QACs results in the development of adapted communities which are less sensitive to potential toxic effects and more active in the biodegradation of these materials.