gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Repair of Damaged Steel-Concrete Composite Girders Using Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Sheets (2003)

The aging infrastructure of the United States requires significant attention for developing new materials and techniques to effectively and economically revive this aging system. Damaged steel-concrete composite girders can be repaired and retrofitted by epoxy bonding carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates to the critical areas of tension flanges. This paper presents the results of a study on the behavior of damaged steel-concrete composite girders repaired with CFRP sheets under static loading. A total of three large-scale composite girders made of W355×13.6 A36 steel sections and 75-mm-thick by 910-mm-wide concrete slabs were prepared and tested. One, three, and five layers of CFRP sheet were used to repair the specimen with 25, 50, and 100% loss of the cross-sectional area of their tension flange, respectively. The test results showed that epoxy bonded CFRP sheet could restore the ultimate load-carrying capacity and stiffness of damaged steel-concrete composite girders. Comparison of the experimental and analytical results revealed that the traditional methods of analysis of composite beams were conservative.
Docking protein-1 promotes inflammatory macrophage signaling in gastric cancer (2019)

Docking protein-1 (DOK1) is a tumor suppressor frequently lost in malignant cells, however, it retains the ability to control activities of immune receptors in adjacent stroma cells of the tumor microenvironment. We therefore hypothesized that addressing DOK1 may be useful for cancer immunotherapy. <i>DOK1</i> mRNA and DOK1 protein expression were downregulated in tumor cells of gastric cancer patients (n = 249). Conversely, its expression was up-regulated in cases positive for Epstein Barr Virus (EBV+) together with genes related to macrophage biology and targets of clinical immunotherapy such as programmed-cell-death-ligand-1 (PD-L1). Notably, high DOK1 positivity in stroma cells conferred poor prognosis in patients and correlated with high levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase in CD68+ tumor-associated macrophages. In macrophages derived from human monocytic leukemia cell lines, DOK1 (i) was inducible by agonists of the anti-diabetic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), (ii) increased polarization towards an inflammatory phenotype, (iii) augmented nuclear factor-κB-dependent transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and (iv) reduced PD-L1 expression. These properties empowered DOK1+ macrophages to decrease the viability of human gastric cancer cells in contact-dependent co-cultures. DOK1 also reduced PD-L1 expression in human primary blood monocytes. Our data propose that the drugability of DOK1 may be exploited to reprogram myeloid cells and enforce the innate immune response against EBV+ human gastric cancer.
Impact of Chronic Levels of Naturally Multi-Contaminated Feed with Fusarium Mycotoxins on Broiler Chickens and Evaluation of the Mitigation Properties of Different Titers of Yeast Cell Wall Extract (2020)

The chronic intake of naturally multi-mycotoxin contaminated feed by broilers with or without titers of Yeast Cell Wall Extract (YCWE, a.k.a Mycosorb A+<sup>®</sup>), was investigated. Day-old male Cobb chicks (1600 birds, 64 pens, 25 birds/pen) were randomly allocated to diets of control (CON); diet containing mycotoxins (MT); CON + 0.2% YCWE; MT + 0.025% YCWE; MT + 0.05% YCWE; MT + 0.1% YCWE; MT + 0.2% YCWE; and MT + 0.4% YCWE. Growth performance, blood biochemical parameters and gut health were recorded over 42 days. Compared with CON, MT had reduced body weight (BW) and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) on days 35 and 42 with increased duodenal crypt depth and fewer goblet cells. Furthermore, European Poultry Production Efficiency (EPEF) was reduced for MT versus CON. Feeding MT + 0.2% YCWE improved BW, lowered FCR, reduced crypt depth, increased goblet cell count and improved EPEF. Considering titration of YCWE (0 to 0.4%) during mycotoxin challenge, a cubic effect was observed for FCR with NC + 0.2% YCWE having the lowest FCR. These findings suggest that chronic consumption of multiple <i>Fusarium</i> mycotoxins present in common field concentrations can negatively impact broiler performance and gut health while inclusion of YCWE, particularly 0.2%, could be effective in counteracting mycotoxins.
Mapping 3D salt using the 2D marine magnetotelluric method: Case study from Gemini Prospect, Gulf of Mexico (2006)

Abstract The dominant salt body at Gemini Prospect, Gulf of Mexico, has been analyzed by seismic methods, revealing a complex 3D salt volume at depths 1 to 5 km beneath the mud line. Because of the high contrast in electrical conductivity between the salt and surrounding sediments, Gemini is an attractive target for electromagnetic interrogation. Using a broadband magnetotelluric (MT) sensor package developed at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, data in the period band of 1 to 3000 s were collected at 42 sites in a series of profiles over Gemini, one of which was directly over a linear ridgelike salt feature striking roughly northwest–southeast and another orthogonal to it. These two profiles reveal that the strongest MT response arises when the electric field is oriented northeast–southwest. We test the suitability of 2D inversion of these data for recovering the true salt structure by examining inversions of both actual data and synthetic 3D MT responses derived from the seismically inferred salt volume. Occam inversions of the northeast–southwest component result in resistivity images that generally agree with the seismic data, whereas inversions of the complementary component yield significantly poorer fidelity. Disagreement is greatest (1–2 km) along the salt sides and base. Depth errors for top of salt are less than 500 m. Although thin, deep salt (&lt; 1 km thick at 5 km depth) is not well resolved, the inversions reveal a resistive basement and a shallow subseabed environment rich in electrical heterogeneity that is weakly, if at all, suggested by the seismic data. A notable exception is a correlation between a previously uninterpreted seismic reflector and the base of a shallow resistivity anomaly whose presence is consistent with gas accumulation near the hydrate stability zone.
Solid-State Emission Enhancement via Molecular Engineering of Benzofuran Derivatives (2018)

A series of linear benzofuran derivatives consisting of either a vinylene or a cyanovinylene were prepared in order to investigate their emission properties. The X-ray crystallography of structurally similar derivatives was also evaluated. The crystalline structures of the vinylene derivatives showed only lateral contacts that involved the benzofurans and no π-stacking. In contrast, π-stacking was observed for the bisbenzofuran and benzofuran-phenyl cyanovinylene derivatives. No intermolecular π-π stacking was observed for the extended cyanovinylene structures. Intermolecular bonding between the nitrile and a furan atom was found. The fluorescence quantum yields (Φ<sub>fl</sub>) of the vinylene derivatives were consistently high (>50%) in both solution and the crystal state. The exception was the benzofuran-furan-vinylene-phenyl, the Φ<sub>fl</sub> of which was <10% when in the solid state. The cyanovinylene counterparts emitted weakly in solution (Φ<sub>fl</sub> < 2%). Their luminogenic property was demonstrated with a ca. 15-fold increase in emission in the solid state. A 6-fold emission enhancement was also found when they were aggregated in a 90 vol% methanol/water mixture. The solid-state emission enhancement of the cyanovinylene benzofurans was in part attributable to intermolecular contacts that suppressed excited-state deactivation by molecular motion.
Prevalence of ABO Maternal‐Infant Incompatibility in Asians, Blacks, Hispanics and Caucasians (1988)

Previous studies suggest that race is a risk factor in ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO-HDN). In order to compare the prevalence of ABO-HDN in Asian, Black, Hispanic and Caucasian infants, we studied 10,611 consecutive births at one hospital over a 6-year period. Among group A infants born to group O mothers, the prevalence of positive DAT differed among the four groups (p = 0.007), and was highest in Asians (50%) and lowest in Caucasians (31%). However, the proportions of infants who required exchange transfusion were not different (p = 0.351). Among group B infants born to group O mothers, the prevalence of positive DAT was not different among the four groups (p = 0.26) and none of these 166 group B infants with a positive DAT result required exchange transfusion. Our findings suggest that there are small ethnic differences in the prevalence of positive DAT results in group A infants born to group O mothers, but the prevalence of clinical disease which requires exchange transfusion does not differ significantly among Asian, Black, Hispanic and Caucasian infants.
Transition from tunneling to direct contact in tungsten nanojunctions (2003)

We apply the mechanically controllable break junctions technique to investigate the transition from tunneling to direct contact in tungsten. This transition is quite different from that of other metals and is determined by the local electronic properties of the tungsten surface and the relief of the electrodes at the point of their closest proximity. When flat surfaces approach each other, an avalanchelike jump to direct contact occurs at anomalously large distances $z\ensuremath{\approx}3--5\mathrm{\AA{}}.$ In contrast, ballistic contact between irregularly shaped electrodes is established without discontinuity in conductance curves, indicating the absence of spontaneous formation of an adhesive neck. Conductance histograms of tungsten are either featureless or show two distinct peaks related to the sequential opening of spatially separated groups of conductance channels. The role of surface states of tungsten and their contribution to the junction conductance at sub-\AA{} electrode separations are discussed.
A technique for adding volatile dopants to the melt during crystal pulling (1966)

A new method for adding volatile dopants to the melt, in which the dopant is first encapsulated in a glass bead, is described and the successful application of the technique to the doping of Ge with Zn is reported.
The contralateral bilobed trapezius myocutaneous flap for closure of large defects of the dorsal neck permitting primary donor site closure (2000)

The bilobed technique allows the primary closure of massive soft tissue neck wounds. Preservation of the accessory nerve to the superior fibers of the trapezius muscle permitted normal arm elevation in our patients.
Aspects of HF spectral occupancy (2000)

Stable day and stable night European occupancy models are presented, with examples of their extrapolation and interpolation properties to predict occupancy both outside and inside the area covered by the measurement sites. An investigation into the possible long-term change of the utilisation of the HF spectrum is also presented and observations are made on the effects of the 1999 eclipse.
Expression of shared idiotypes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma (1991)

The expression of shared idiotypes (Slds) has been studied on malignant CD5+B cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) using a panel of 37 murine monoclonal antibodies previously demonstrated to be reactive with Slds derived from follicular B-cell lymphomas. Thirteen anti-Slds identified tumor cells from 31 of 105 (30%) CLL patients and 4 of 6 SLL patients. In comparison, the same panel of anti-Slds is reactive with 33% of follicular and diffuse B-cell lymphomas. Ten of these anti-Slds reacted with CLL cases at similar frequencies to that of the B-cell lymphomas. Two anti-Slds, which are known to react with autoantibodies, were significantly more prevalent in CLL than in B-cell lymphomas. These data confirm the presence of Slds in CLL and provide further evidence of an association between CLL and autoimmunity. The identification of a panel of antibodies reactive with a significant number of CLL and SLL patients will facilitate the application of anti-idiotype antibody therapy in these diseases.
Fabrication of large diameter external-diffusion processed Nb&lt;inf&gt;3&lt;/inf&gt;Sn composites (1983)

Large diameter multifilamentary Nb <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> Sn composites have been fabricated by the external-diffusion process. Consideration of the phase relationship in the CuSn binary system, Sn diffusion kinetics and vacancy diffusion has led to the development of an appropriate Sn homogenization anneal. By correctly annealing the composites Sn flow and Kirkendall porosity may be controlled. The application of bronze electrodeposition has also been investigated and found to significantly reduce annealing times. These concepts have been applied successfully to 0.76 mm (0.030 in) diameter composites which have overall critical currents in excess of 7 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> amps/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 17 Tesla.
The combined therapeutic effects of 131iodine-labeled multifunctional copper sulfide-loaded microspheres in treating breast cancer (2018)

Compared to conventional cancer treatment, combination therapy based on well-designed nanoscale platforms may offer an opportunity to eliminate tumors and reduce recurrence and metastasis. In this study, we prepared multifunctional microspheres loading <sup>131</sup>I-labeled hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles and paclitaxel (<sup>131</sup>I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX) for imaging and therapeutics of W256/B breast tumors in rats. <sup>18</sup>F-fluordeoxyglucose (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging detected that the expansion of the tumor volume was delayed (<i>P</i><0.05) following intra-tumoral (i.t.) injection with <sup>131</sup>I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX plus near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. The immunohistochemical analysis further confirmed the anti-tumor effect. The single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/photoacoustic imaging mediated by <sup>131</sup>I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX demonstrated that microspheres were mainly distributed in the tumors with a relatively low distribution in other organs. Our results revealed that <sup>131</sup>I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX offered combined photothermal, chemo- and radio-therapies, eliminating tumors at a relatively low dose, as well as allowing SPECT/CT and photoacoustic imaging monitoring of distribution of the injected agents non-invasively. The copper sulfide-loaded microspheres, <sup>131</sup>I-HCuSNPs-MS-PTX, can serve as a versatile theranostic agent in an orthotopic breast cancer model.
Demonstration of anti-tumor immunity via intratumoral regulated platform ad-RTS-hIL-12 in advanced breast cancer and recurrent glioblastoma patients. (2018)

3038 Background: Ad-RTS-hIL-12 (Ad) is a novel gene therapy candidate expressing IL-12 under the control of an orally administered activator ligand, veledimex (V), through a proprietary RheoSwitch Therapeutic System (RTS) gene switch. This platform reduces systemic toxicity and stimulates anti-cancer T cell immune response. Methods: Two open label trials evaluated the tolerability of local inducible IL-12 expression in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) or recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM). Ad was administered as a single intratumoral injection with V 80 mg PO Qdx7 in mBC and 10-40 mg Qdx15 PO in rGBM. Results: We observed local expression of IL-12 and downstream IFNg demonstrating biological activity with a mean increase in tumor cytotoxic T cells (CD3+CD8+) baseline: 0.4 ± 0.2 to biopsy:1.9±0.8% cells with a mean reduction in Treg (CD4+FOXP3+) baseline: 0.8 ± 0.4 to biopsy: 0.6±0.3% cells. Sustained increases in tumor IFNg were documented in both mBC (by biopsy at Day 42 post injection) and rGBM (biopsy range:130 - 175 days post injection) while tumor IL-12 returned to baseline and systemic levels of IFNg and IL-12 were undetectable. In mBC, injected and non-injected lesions (abscopal effect) showed a reduction in lesion diameter. In the mBC study, 9 iRECIST evaluable subjects showed PR/stable disease in 5 subjects, for a disease control rate of 44% at Week 6 and 22% at Week 12. In the ongoing rGBM study we observe a mOS of 12.5 months with 5 of 15 subjects alive in the 20 mg V cohort with survival follow up ongoing. Across studies, the adverse event profile of Ad+ V, was predictable, controllable, and fully reversible upon stopping V including a dose response to frequency and severity of cytokine release syndrome. Conclusions: Local regulated controlled IL-12 expression using the Ad + V platform in advanced mBC and rGBM patients is promising, eliciting sustained increases in cytotoxic T cells, reduces Treg, including in non-injected lesions (abscopal effect) turning cold tumors hot, with a good safety profile. This platform warrants further evaluation in multiple tumor types in monotherapy and in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clinical trial information: NCT02026271; NCT02423902.
Identification of staphylococcal delta-hemolysin (1971)

Staphylococcal δ-hemoIysin is identified electrophoretically as a hemolytic entity which, when electrophoresed at 5 mA/cm for 2 h in Ionagar No. 2 using barbital buffer, pH 8.4, remained mainly at the origin with tailing towards the anode and completely lysed human, horse, and rabbit erythrocytes. Strain 146P is proposed as the prototype strain for its production.
Effect of phorbol myristate acetate on the recovery of spontaneous and ultraviolet light-induced 6-thioguanine and ouabain-resistant Chinese hamster cells. (1977)

12-0-Tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phorbol were tested in Chinese hamster cells for their effects on mutagenesis (resistance to 6-thioguanine and to ouabain), DNA repair, and survival after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Recovery of 6-thioguanine- and ouabain-resistant colonies was significantly increased by TPA treatment and, to a lesser extent, by phorbol in UV-irradiated cells. Moreover, maximum enhancement of recoverable UV-induced 6-thioguanine- and ouabain-resistant mutants occurred when TPA was present after the mutation "expression" time and after the completion of DNA repair. This eenhancement effect, while persisting up to 18 days in the 6-thioguanine mutation system, was maximal when TPA was applied about 2 days after UV irradiation for the ouabain resistance mutation system. No significant decrease in cell survival was noted after post-UV treatment with TPA or phorbol, under conditions where there was a slight but nonspecific inhibition of unscheduled DNA repair synthesis. These results do not support the hypothesis that the tumor-promoting activity of TPA is due to its ability to inhibit "error-free" excision repair. The results are, however, consistent with a "two-stage" hypothesis of carcinogenesis which includes mutational and epigenetic mechanisms to explain the initiation and promotion phases.
Reactive transport studies at the Raymond Field Site (1995)

To ensure the safety of a nuclear waste repository, an understanding of the transport of radionuclides from the repository nearfield to the biosphere is necessary. At the Raymond Field Site, in Raymond, California, tracer tests are being conducted to test characterization methods for fractured media and to evaluate the equipment and tracers that will be used for Yucca Mountain`s fracture characterization. Recent tracer tests at Raymond have used reactive cations to demonstrate transport with sorption. A convective-dispersive model was used to simulate a two-well recirculating test with reasonable results. However, when the same model was used to simulate a radially convergent tracer test, the model poorly predicted the actual test data.
Injection de fautes par impulsion laser dans des circuits sécurisés (2013)

From time immemorial, human beings have been forced to protect the fruits of their creativity and ensure the security of their property. This information is very often strategic, in particular in political and commercial relationships. Also the need to protect this information by keeping it concealed in regards to enemies or competitors soon appeared. From ancient times, the methods used for masking and eventually encrypting information were numerous. Protection techniques have only advanced grown since the industrial era and have led to the precursor of electro-mechanic machines (such as the famous Enigma machine). Nowadays, new protection circuitry embeds very efficient algorithms. Despite these protections, they remain a prime target for « attackers » who try to break through all means of securing structures, for fraudulent uses. These « attackers » have a multitude of attack techniques. One of them uses a method of fault injections using a laser beam. From the beginning (Chapter I), this manuscript describes the state of the art of fault injections, focusing on those made using a laser beam. It explains these intrusive methods and provides information on how to protect even the most secure microcontrollers against these types of attacks. It is necessary to understand the physical phenomena involved in the interaction between a coherent light wave, such as lasers, and the physicochemical material that makes up a microcontroller. To better understanding these phenomena, an electrical modeling of CMOS gates under laser illumination was implemented to predict their behavior (Chapter II). Good correlations have been obtained between measurements and electrical simulation. These results can be used to test the laser sensitivity of CMOS gates through electrical cartographies. Due to the better understanding of the phenomena and the developed simulator, many countermeasures have been developed. The techniques presented in this manuscript offer new possibilities to increase the robustness of CMOS circuits against laser attacks. This work has already enabled the implementation of efficient counter-measures on embedded laser sensors and significantly enhanced product security against different laser attacks.
Offset reflectarray fed by a printed source (2016)

This paper presents the design of an offset reflectarray illuminated by a printed primary source. The proposed build-up is compatible with flip-chip technology, enabling a direct connection between the RFIC and the antenna source. Measurements are realized using a GSG RF probe and a good agreement is obtained with simulated data.
Haem arginate infusion stimulates haem oxygenase‐1 expression in healthy subjects (2010)

HA is an effective inducer of HO-1 in humans irrespective of the GT(n) genotype. The potential therapeutic application of HA needs to be evaluated in clinical trials.
CCD Based Moire Interferometric Strain Sensor (MISS) (1989)

The Moire Interferometric Strain Sensor (MISS) is based on the principle that gratings diffract light in preferred directions determined by their frequency. Hence by tracking the change in diffraction angle the frequency of the grating can be determined. In engineering applications, a grating attached to the specimen would change frequency as a consequence of the strain at that point. Thus the change in diffraction angle can directly be related to strain. Since for most elastic strain measurements the change in diffraction angle is very small, this paper describes the use of a CCD array to improve the sensitivity.