gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Stability of streptokinase incubated in various solvents at different temperatures (author's transl)]. (1977)

Streptokinase was dissolved in various solvents and the decay recorded. The method employed was a recently described clot lysis assay for quantitative streptokinase determination. The decrease in activity of 5 u streptokinase, 1500 u streptokinase, and 50,000 u steptokinase dissolved in one milliltre of different solvents (NaCl solution, glucose solution, laevulose solution, dextran solution (Rheomacrodex), gelatin solution (Haemaccel, starch solution (Plasmasteril,albumin solution, Michaelis buffer, heparin-glucose solution) and incubated over various periods of time (15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 4h, 8h, 12h, 48h) was investigated. Solution media tested for streptokinase-potecting quality were broken down into three groups.-Group I: Solvents displaying excellent stabilizing properties (gelatin, albumin).-Group II: Solvents displaying medium stabilizing properties (dextran, levulose)--Group III: Solvents displaying properties (starch, NaCl, glucose, Michaelis buffer).--In testing streptokinase concentrations as used for therapeutic purpose (1500 u/ml, 50,000 u/ml), no decay was found to take place over observation periods as long as 48 h. This finding was independent of the different solvents (Group I, II or III) employed. Heparin stored with streptokinase at rooom temperature did not alter the streptokinase stability. From the clinical point of view, the choice of solvents for streptokinase infusion turned out to be of minor importance.
Location-based correlation estimation in social network via Collaborative Learning (2016)

In social network analysis, correlation estimation is a critical part for various applications. With the prevalence of location-based services, geographic information is incorporated as a new perspective to refer the interpersonal correlation. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-scale multi-feature collaborative learning model for robust location-based correlation estimation. Geographic attributes are explored from multiple scales, and in the meantime, depicted by multiple features. Using the observed interactions as labeled data and the unobserved ones with high predictive confidence as recommended unlabeled data, the global correlation can be estimated in a collaborative way.
Traceability as input for model transformations (2007)

Abstract. Some model transformations require more information than can be derived from its source model(s) in order to generate a meaningful target model. For example, a transformation with two source models needs to know how their respective model elements relate; these relations often only exist implicitly as part of the transformations developer’s knowledge. In this paper we show that traceability models, who can be automatically generated as part of any model transformation, contain explicit inter- and intra-model relations that are valuable to subsequent transformations. We explain how to extract this information and propose a number of additions to current transformation techniques that are needed to completely open up traceability information to transformation developers. 1
Performance considerations for slotted spread-spectrum random-access networks with directional antennas (2003)

The throughput/delay performance of certain types of spread spectrum random-access (SSRA) networks employing directional antennas is considered. The use of directional antennas in the receiving sites to improve the network performance is presented and analyzed. The basic idea is to reduce the contention of the users (transmitters) by dividing the coverage area into different regions; at the receiving site, a single directional antenna is aimed at one region, so that transmissions from different regions do not interface with each other. In addition to the reduction of the multiuser interference, the directional antennas allow for different classifications, in different regions, of the users according to their physical and link level parameters. The throughput improvement is substantial for heavy-traffic conditions, and the gains are further amplified if the number of available receivers is increased. Numerical results for performance comparison with the case receivers using omnidirectional antennas are also included.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Two-Step ADC With a Continuous-Time SAR-Based First Stage (2019)

This article presents a two-step analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that operates its first-stage successive approximation register (SAR) ADC in the continuous-time (CT) domain. It avoids the front-end sample-and-hold (S/H) circuit and its associated sampling noise. Hence, the proposed ADC allows the input capacitor size to be substantially reduced without incurring large sampling noise penalty. With input ac coupling, the first-stage CT-SAR can simultaneously perform input tracking and SAR quantization. Its conversion error is minimized by accelerating the SAR speed and providing redundancy. A floating-inverter-based (FIB) dynamic amplifier (DA) is used as the inter-stage amplifier and acts as a low-pass filter for the first-stage residue. To verify the proposed techniques, a 13-bit prototype ADC is built in 40-nm CMOS process. Its input capacitor is only 120 fF, which is over 20 times smaller than what would be needed in a classic Nyquist ADC with the S/H circuit. Operating at 2 MS/s, it achieves 72-dB signal-to-noise-and-distortion-ratio (SNDR) at the Nyquist rate while consuming only 25 μW of power and 0.01 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> of area.
Low Temperature Electrochemical Synthesis of Nanostructured ZrC Powder in Molten Salt (2020)

ZrC powder was directly electrosynthesized from inexpensive ZrO2 and carbon black precursors in molten CaCl2-NaCl at 800 °C. Constant voltage electrolysis was applied at 3.1 V between a graphite anode and a cathode composed of a ZrO2/carbon mixture. The reaction pathway of the solid state reduction was investigated by characterizing the composition and microstructure of partially and fully reduced samples. The spontaneous formation of the intermediate compound CaZrO3 was studied by an immersion experiment and thermodynamic analysis. The results show that the as-synthesized ZrC was composed of spherical particles with an average particle size of roughly 50 nm. The reduction pathway started by converting m-ZrO2 to CaZrO3, ZrCxO1-x and t,c-ZrO2. The phases of t,c-ZrO2 and CaZrO3 were then reduced to ZrCxO1-x, which was subsequently reduced to ZrC by the removal of oxygen and in situ carbonization.
Local magnetic susceptometry : Visualizing functional properties of novel materials (2005)

One of the rapidly growing instrumentation technologies of late has been Surface Probe Microscopy. Since the award of the Nobel Prize in 1986, this form of instrumentation has expanded into various ...
Single-mode optical fibre networks to the home (1990)

Passive split, distributed star, and virtual single star networks are realized using a variety of optical techniques, including splitting and wavelength division multiplexing, and may operate in either broadcast or centrally switched modes. The authors examine the effectiveness and relative advantages of different optical network architectures and transmission methods from the point of view of delivering high-quality services. It is concluded that alternative architectures, such as passive star and active double star arrangements, hold the promise of cost-competitively addressing the small business and domestic market segments, although the full technical feasibility and viability will be confirmed only after fibre-to-the-home trials and subsequent development. It is also envisaged that, as such networks are installed in large numbers, the component costs will be reduced and the all-fibre local network realized. New optical fibre maintenance and management procedures will be essential to operate such complex network configurations effectively and to offer the quality of service sought by customers.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The global burden of mental disorders. (1999)

Recent data on the burden of mental disorders worldwide demonstrates a major public health problem that affects patients, society, and nations as a whole. Research must be done to find effective ways to deal with the increasing burden of mental disorders. Given the growing evidence that mental disorders are disorders of the brain and that they can be treated effectively with both psychosocial counseling and psychotropic medications, intervention packages could be developed to deal with the increasing burden. Such packages should be tested for real-world effectiveness and their cost-effectiveness should be demonstrated to guide policymakers to choose from among many other non-mental health interventions. The transportability and sustainability of intervention packages should be studied in public health research and a link between efficacy, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, generalizability, and sustainability should be demonstrated. The World Health Organization's initiative on the World Mental Health 2000 Survey will provide the first basic epidemiologic data. Together with other data, the initiative will provide solid evidence for including mental disorders into essential treatment packages. In this way, parity can be achieved for mental disorders and mental health can be mainstreamed into health and public health practice.
Sparse array performance (1978)

In a linear array with equispaced elements, any elements not forming a unique pair spacing with at least one other element are redundant and may be eliminated to form a sparse array. The average power output of a sparse array can be made the same as for the full array by substituting self- and cross-power terms from the remaining elements. Such processing assures identical signal-to-noise gain and directivity (beam patterns) for the sparse and full arrays, but the output variability for any finite averaging time will generally be greater for the sparse array. Linear combinations of possible substitution terms for each missing term may be optimized for minimum output variance. This concept has been applied to both sparse and full arrays to develop an optimum processing technique that minimizes output variance. An analysis technique has been developed for evaluating the output variance of sparse arrays operating in sound fields with specified signal-to-noise ratio and noise fields with arbitrary portions of independent, isotropic, and directional interference. For example, in isotropic noise with a wave length 2.5 times the basic element spacing and a signal-to-noise ratio of 0.001, a five-element sparse array providing the same average output as a full, ten-element equispaced line array will have an output standard deviation 2.08 times the standard deviation of the full array. For a signal-to-noise ratio of 1.0, the factor is 1.09.
Model-driven indoor scenes modeling from a single image (2015)

In this paper, we present a new approach of 3D indoor scenes modeling on single image. With a single input indoor image (including sofa, tea table, etc.), a 3D scene can be reconstructed using existing model library in two stages: image analysis and model retrieval. In the image analysis stage, we obtain the object information from input image using geometric reasoning technology combined with image segmentation method. In the model retrieval stage, line drawings are extracted from 2D objects and 3D models by using different line rendering methods. We exploit various tokens to represent local features and then organize them together as a star-graph to show a global description. Finally, by comparing similarity among the encoded line drawings, models are retrieved from the model library and then the scene is reconstructed. Experimental results show that, driven by the given model library, indoor scenes modeling from a single image could be achieved automatically and efficiently.
Congress renews helium conservation effort (1980)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTCongress renews helium conservation effortIndustry experts say new legislation is improvement over previous efforts; bill would open up market, set goals for helium storageEARL ANDERSONView Author Information New YorkCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1980, 58, 23, 11–12Publication Date (Print):June 9, 1980Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 9 June 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v058n023.p011https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v058n023.p011newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1980 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Helium Get e-Alerts
Cryo-electron tomography of cells: connecting structure and function (2008)

Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) allows the visualization of cellular structures under close-to-life conditions and at molecular resolution. While it is inherently a static approach, yielding structural information about supramolecular organization at a certain time point, it can nevertheless provide insights into function of the structures imaged, in particular, when supplemented by other approaches. Here, we review the use of experimental methods that supplement cryo-ET imaging of whole cells. These include genetic and pharmacological manipulations, as well as correlative light microscopy and cryo-ET. While these methods have mostly been used to detect and identify structures visualized in cryo-ET or to assist the search for a feature of interest, we expect that in the future they will play a more important role in the functional interpretation of cryo-tomograms.
Existence of Reservoir in the Stratum Corneum (1963)

A new concept of the function of the stratum corneum in percutaneous transfer is presented. Topically applied steroids forced into this layer by occlusion for a few hours with Saran Wrap remain for up to two weeks. Their presence can be demonstrated by the development of a physiological marker— vasoconstriction—after repeated occlusion with Saran. The reservoir is in the stratum corneum, as material injected intradermally does not produce a reservoir, no reservoir is demonstrable on skin stripped of the stratum corneum, and a reservoir established on unstripped skin can be destroyed by stripping the area.
Epidemic of Pseudomonas cepacia in an adult cystic fibrosis unit: evidence of person-to-person transmission (1993)

An epidemic of Pseudomonas cepacia occurred in an adult cystic fibrosis center in the United Kingdom, despite a policy of segregation of infected and noninfected patients within the hospital. Investigation of the outbreak by ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to characterize P. cepacia strain genomes together with inquiry into social contacts between patients revealed evidence of person-to-person transmission outside the hospital environment. Segregation policies aimed at reducing the spread of this infection in the cystic fibrosis community need to encompass patient contacts outside the hospital environment.
Question-based authentication using context data (2006)

In everyday life there are low risk situations where resources normally need to be protected and thus access to them controlled, but at the same time the implications of occasional unauthorized access are not severe. In these situations using an authentication technique that is expensive or requires significant effort from the user may not be justified. In this paper, we introduce a question-based authentication scheme appropriate for low risk situations. The scheme utilizes the context data already collected within a smart environment to generate the questions. Despite, the limited capabilities of the smart environment used in this experiment our preliminary study shows that using simple questions based on workplace events it is possible to discriminate between genuine users and impostors.
Foreign chemical firms strengthen hold in U.S. (1971)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTForeign chemical firms strengthen hold in U.S.In past 10 years sales by foreign chemical companies in U.S. have almost quadrupled to about $4 billionMICHAEL HEYLINCite this: Chem. Eng. News 1971, 49, 40, 20–24Publication Date (Print):September 27, 1971Publication History Published online7 November 2010Published inissue 27 September 1971https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v049n040.p020https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v049n040.p020newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1971 American Chemical SocietyArticle Views3Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Fibers,Materials processing,Metals,Organic polymers,Plastics Get e-Alerts
A Multi-Layer Perceptron SoC for Smart Devices (2013)

This paper presents a programmable System-On-a-chip for various embedded applications that need Neural Network computations. The system is fully implemented into Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based prototyping platform. The SoC consists of an embedded processor core and a reconfigurable hardware accelerator for neural computations. The performance of the SoC is evaluated using real image processing applications, such as optical character recognition (OCR) system.
Optimization of aircraft container loading (2003)

We address the problem of loading as much freight as possible in an aircraft while balancing the load in order to minimize fuel consumption and to satisfy stability/safety requirements. Our formulation methodology permits to solve the problem on a PC, within ten min, by off-the-shelf integer linear programming software. This method decides which containers to load (and in which compartment) and which to leave on the ground.
Infection risks associated with peripheral vascular catheters (2016)

This article discusses the sources and routes of PVC-associated infection and outlines known effective prevention and intervention strategies.
Extracting and Analyzing the Implemented Security Architecture of Business Applications (2013)

Security is getting more and more important for the software development process as the advent of more complex, connected and extensible software entails new risks. In particular, multi-tier business applications, e.g., based on the Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), are vulnerable to new attacks, which may endanger the business processes of an organization. These applications consist often of legacy code, which is now exported via Web Services, although it has originally been developed for internal use only. The last years showed great progress in the area of static code analysis for the detection of common low level security bugs, such as buffer overflows and cross-site scripting vulnerabilities. However, there is still a lack of tools that allow an analyst to assess the implemented security architecture of an application. In this paper, we propose a technique that automatically extracts the implemented security architecture of Java-based business applications from the source code. In addition, we carry out threat modeling on this extracted architecture to detect security flaws. We evaluate and discuss our approach with the help of two commercial real-world case studies, one taken from the e-government domain and the other one from logistics.
Error Checking for Chinese Query by Mining Web Log (2015)

For the search engine, error-input query is a common phenomenon. This paper uses web log as the training set for the query error checking. Through the n -gram language model that is trained by web log, the queries are analyzed and checked. Some features including query words and their number are introduced into the model. At the same time data smoothing algorithm is used to solve data sparseness problem. It will improve the overall accuracy of the n -gram model. The experimental results show that it is effective.
P‐96: Electro‐optical Devices from Polymer‐stabilized Molecular Shape Polarity of a Cholesteric Liquid Crystal (2004)

Abstract We present the electro‐optical devices prepared from polymer‐stabilized cholesteric liquid crystals. By using a small concentration of polymer we are able to stabilize two switching modes, phase‐only (in‐plane switching at low field) and birefringence (out‐of plane at high field), of the uniformly lying helix (ULH) texture of a cholesteric with a sub‐millisecond response time.
Femoral Component Rotation During Total Knee Arthroplasty (1999)

One-hundred consecutive posterior cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasties were performed by one surgeon in 81 patients with an average age of 69 years. Diagnoses included osteoarthritis in 93 knees and rheumatoid arthritis in seven. The femoral alignment necessary to create a rectangular flexion gap was determined and compared with Whiteside's line, the transepicondylar axis, and a line in 3° external rotation relative to the posterior condyles of the femur. The transepicondylar axis most consistently recreated a balanced flexion space whereas 3° external rotation off the posterior condyles was least consistent especially in knees in valgus.