gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of the circulating amyloid precursor and other gelsolin metabolites in patients with G654A mutation in the gelsolin gene (Finnish familial amyloidosis): pathogenetic and diagnostic implications. (1997)

Familial amyloidosis of the Finnish type (FAF) is an autosomal dominant type of systemic amyloidosis caused by a G654A (Asn-187) or G654T (Tyr-187) mutation in the gelsolin gene. Herein we show that patients with the Asn-187 gelsolin mutation have, in addition to full-sized gelsolin, a series of lower-Mr C-terminal fragments of gelsolin (Mr of 70,000-45,000) in the circulation, and that a 50 to 55-kd fragment of gelsolin is excreted in the urine. In homozygous FAF (Asn-187), the 65-kd fragment, which contains the amyloid-forming region (Ala173-Met243), and the 55-kd fragment, which is devoid of that region, are the major gelsolin species in plasma; whereas normal gelsolin, as well as a 70-kd fragment identified as the C-terminal portion of gelsolin starting at Glu122, and a 45-kd fragment starting at Ser384, are minor components. In patients heterozygous for the Asn-187 mutation--the usual form of the expression of the dominant disease--normal-sized gelsolin is the major circulating form; the 65- and 55-kd fragments represent minor components. Immunodetection of the plasma 65-kd gelsolin fragment, which is disease-specific, and measurement of the urinary gelsolin fragment provide useful means for diagnosing FAF.
Total Synthesis of Schilancitrilactones B and C (2015)

The first total syntheses of schilancitrilactones B and C have been accomplished in 17 steps (longest linear sequence) from commercially available materials. Key steps include an intramolecular radical cyclization to provide the seven-membered ring, late-stage iodination, and an intermolecular radical addition reaction to complete the total synthesis.
Scientific background for AMS policy statement on atmospheric ozone (1996)

This paper provides the scientific background for each of the points of the American Meteorological Society statement on ozone, including the following topic areas: introduction; stratospheric ozone; tropospheric ozone.
Optical multilayer detection array for fast ultrasonic field mapping (1999)

An optical multilayer detection array for ultrasonic measurements is presented. The probe comprises a dielectric interference filter structure that is evaporated onto a glass plate. An incident acoustic pressure signal deforms the layer system, and the induced modulation of the optical reflectance is determined by a simple optical detection scheme. The principle of measurement is demonstrated by a line scan through the focus of a broadband transducer and can be applied to rapid two-dimensional characterization of ultrasonic fields. The high temporal and spatial resolution of the measurements is combined with high sensitivity and durability of the probe, and, in contrast with fiber-tip multilayer hydrophones, the multilayer detection array provides signals that are not influenced by acoustic resonances and diffraction phenomena.
Front Matter (2019)

No AccessFeb 2019Front MatterAuthors/Editors: Arti Grover Goswami, Denis Medvedev, Ellen OlafsenArti Grover Goswami, Denis Medvedev, Ellen Olafsenhttps://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1368-9_fmAboutView ChaptersPDF (4.4 MB) ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Next chapter FiguresreferencesRecommendeddetails View Published: February 2019ISBN: 978-1-4648-1368-9e-ISBN: 978-1-4648-1370-2 Copyright & Permissions PDF DownloadLoading ...
Factor Analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra of Compatible Blends of Polyphenylene Oxides and Polystyrene (1981)

Fourier transform infrared spectra has been obtained of compatible blends of polyphenylene oxide (PPO) and polystyrene (PS). An incompatible blend of polyphenylene oxide and poly(4-chlorostyrene) (P4C1S) was also studied. Factor analysis was used to determine the number of components in the blend system. The data indicated that three components existed in the PPO/PS compatible system and only two in the PPO/P4C1S system. The interaction spectrum in the compatible blend was determined by a double-subtraction technique and used to analyze the blend system for the magnitude of the interaction as a function of composition. The interaction was maximum at a 70/30 composition in agreement with other data.
ChemInform Abstract: CONDENSED HETEROTRICYCLES, POTENTIAL METABOLITES OF DIBENZ(B,F)(1,4)OXAZEPINE ANTIDEPRESSANT, SINTAMI (1974)

Abstract Verschiedene potentielle Metabolite des Antidepressivums Sintamil (Ia ° HCl) werden dargestellt.
Track-and-Tune Light Field Image Sensor (2014)

In this paper, we present a new technique for determining the angle of incident light using an image sensor. This technique makes use of two distinct pixel types for simultaneous coarse angle estimation and fine angle detection. A new type of pixel structure, the quadrature pixel cluster is introduced, which produces response that varies linearly with incident light angle. The proposed technique greatly reduces the overall sensor complexity and is very area efficient compared with the previous work on angle detection. The sensor is fabricated in 65-nm mixed-signal CMOS process and can accurately distinguish between angles in the range from -35° to +35°.
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">T</mml:mi><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>d</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi> </mml:mi><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">He</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>Reaction (1957)

The differential cross sections for neutron production in the $\mathrm{T}(d, n){\mathrm{He}}^{4}$ reaction have been measured over the deuteron bombarding-energy range 0.25 to 7.0 Mev. Legendre polynomial fits to the data are presented and compared with existing data. The total cross section plotted as a function of deuteron energy has an anomalous behavior which may indicate a broad level in ${\mathrm{He}}^{5}$ near 20-Mev excitation energy.
Synthesis and Properties of High Stability Silicone Modified Acrylate Emulsion (2004)

An approach to the title emulsion is introduced. The influence of ratio of long chain and short chain monomer, siclicone monomer, reaction temperature, emulsifiers, etc., on polymerization stability and properties of the resulted polymer are also discussed.
Age-specific MRI brain and head templates for healthy adults from 20 through 89 years of age (2015)

This study created and tested a database of adult, age-specific MRI brain and head templates. The participants included healthy adults from 20 through 89 years of age. The templates were done in five-year, 10-year, and multi-year intervals from 20 through 89 years, and consist of average T1W for the head and brain, and segmenting priors for gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It was found that age-appropriate templates provided less biased tissue classification estimates than age-inappropriate reference data and reference data based on young adult templates. This database is available for use by other investigators and clinicians for their MRI studies, as well as other types of neuroimaging and electrophysiological research.
Remarks on a Class of Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations with Potential Vanishing at Infinity (2013)

We study the following nonlinear Schrdinger equation - + () = ()(), R , 1 (R ), where the potential () vanishes at infinity. Working in weighted Sobolev space, we obtain the ground states of problem (P) under a Nahari type condition. Furthermore, if (), () are radically symmetric with respect to R , it is shown that problem (P) has a positive solution with some more general growth conditions of the nonlinearity. Particularly, if () = , then the growth restriction + 2/ -2 in Ambrosetti et al. (
An activator of PHD2, KRH102140, decreases angiogenesis via inhibition of HIF‐1<i>α</i> (2011)

Hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) play a pivotal role in the response of cells to hypoxia. HIFs are dimers of an oxygen-sensitive α-subunit (HIF-1α or HIF-2α), and a constitutively expressed β-subunit. In normoxia, HIF-1α is destabilized by post-translational hydroxylation of Pro-564 and Pro-402 by a family of oxygen-sensitive dioxygenases. Prolyl hydroxylation leads to von Hippel–Lindau protein-dependent ubiquitination and rapid degradation of HIF-1α. We previously reported that KRH102053, an activator of PHD2, rapidly decreased HIF-1α and eventually inhibited angiogenesis. Here, we report a potent activator of PHD2, KRH102140, which has a structure similar to KRH102053. KRH102140 more efficiently suppressed HIF-1α than KRH102053 in human osteosarcoma cells under hypoxia. Furthermore, KRH102140 decreased the mRNA levels of HIF-regulated downstream target genes associated with angiogenesis and energy metabolism such as vascular endothelial growth factor, adrenomedullin, Glut1, aldolase A, enolase 1 and monocarboxylate transporter 4. KRH102140 also inhibited tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelium cells. The results suggest that KRH102140 has potential therapeutic effects in alleviating various diseases associated with HIFs.
Finite state machines and their applications in software for industrial control (2005)

Finite state machines (FSMs) are a common presence in digital circuit design. However, they can be very useful also for the software developer. Actual operating systems and application software are event-based and communication issues play a big role; these fields can be more easily handled with software based on finite state machines - software that is simpler and easier to understand, debug and modify. Embedded systems' software can also benefit from state machines because of their efficient way of using the limited resources of the system. The paper presents some basic concepts of finite state machines, some typical applications, with focus on Web technologies (modem control, FTP - File Transfer Protocol, remote access via Telnet console) and some implementation issues - programming finite state machines in Delphi for Windows, in microcontroller assembly language and C. Latest trends are also analyzed - the hardware implementation of state machines in silicon, like the new Texas Instruments MSP430 series of low power microcontrollers. These electronic packages offer some features like reduced power consumption, a single chip solution for complex applications and high functional flexibility.
A Comparative Study of Gene Expression in Murine Embryos Developed In Vivo, Cultured In Vitro, and Cocultured with Human Oviductal Cells Using Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Differential Display1 (2001)

The objectives of this study were to compare the mRNA expression patterns in early mouse embryos in different culture conditions by differential display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR). Embryos developed in vivo, cultured in vitro, and cocultured with human oviductal epithelial cells were studied at the 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell/morula, and blastocyst stages. Messenger RNA profiles were displayed by DDRT-PCR using downstream T11VV (V = A, C, or G) and upstream decamer primers. Total cDNA banding patterns were highly conserved in the three groups studied. Some fragments are unique in different culture conditions. Thirteen out of the 40 selected differentially expressed clones were characterized. The DNA sequence analyses of these clones displayed high sequence homology with cDNA sequences in the mouse expressed sequence tag database. Using semiquantitative RT-PCR, we confirmed differential expression of these DD amplicons in the three groups of embryos. The temporal expression of some of the selected DD amplicons during preimplantation development were studied in the three groups of embryos. In conclusion, DDRT-PCR is an effective tool for contrasting gene expression patterns and characterizing mRNA transcripts in mouse embryo.
Inhibitors of blood platelet cAMP phosphodiesterase: a QSAR analysis. (1995)

A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis of two related series of the derivatives of 7-substituted imidazo [4,5-b]-quinolin-2-one active as inhibitors of human blood platelet cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) is presented with a view to reflecting upon the parametric requirements of the side chain as well as of the N-1 and N-3 substitutions on the heterocycle. For the first series (Figure 1) consisting of 114 congeners and having a more flexible functionalized side chain at the 7-position and only binary variations (Me or H) at N-1 and N-3, it has been shown that bulk (Vw), of the functionalized side chain tends to potentiate the inhibitory activity of a derivative while positions N-1 and N-3 should better remain unsubstituted, as reflected through the dummy variables. A similar analysis of the compounds of the second series (Figure 2), where a less flexible side chain is linked through a basic nitrogen, has provided a parabolic dependence of inhibition activity on Vw. From this relationship, a limiting size of the side chain, seems to be necessary for triggering a minimal response.
Proliferative and Metastatic Potential of Exfoliated Colorectal Cancer Cells (1986)

Exfoliated colorectal carcinoma cells were obtained by lavage of 27 freshly resected tumor-bearing segments of human bowel with the use of either Hartmann's solution or medium 199. The tumor cells were isolated from the lavage fluid on Nycodenz (Nyegaard, Oslo, Norway) columns. Their proliferative and metastatic potentials were investigated by their ability to incorporate tritiated thymidine ([3H]dThd) and by their ability to form experimental pulmonary tumors following iv injection into immune-deprived stain A mice. Tumor cells from 7 of 12 patients incorporated [3H]dThd as detected by autoradiography of the cells. Pulmonary nodules of colorectal carcinoma were seen in a single mouse after iv injection of tumor cells from 6 of 17 patients and were histologically distinct from spontaneous lung cancers seen in 3 other animals. No tumors were seen in 12 immune-deprived mice receiving tissue culture medium 199 only. Thus exfoliated colorectal carcinoma cells can undergo further division and might give rise to implantation metastases in humans.
Effect of policosanol on hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease in middle-aged patients. A 14-month pilot study. (1996)

To find out the long-term lipid-lowering efficacy of policosanol in low dose and its influence in the evolution of coronary heart disease (CHD), a pilot clinical randomized single-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 23 middle-aged outpatients, with well documented diagnosis of chronic CHD and primary or marginal hyperlipidemia. Twelve patients received policosanol tablets of 1 mg twice daily, and 11 patients placebo in the same fashion, followed with rest and stress electrocardiogram (ECG), and serum lipid blood samples by 14 months. The treated group showed significant reduction of total cholesterol in 14.8% (p < or = 0.001) and of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in 15.6% (p < or = 0.05), against non significant increase of 3% and 5.5%, respectively, in the placebo group. No patient had new coronary events in both groups, but 5 of 12 treated patients exhibited a clinical tendency to improve their CHD, in comparison with no one in the placebo group (p < or = 0.05). These findings show the effectiveness of low dose of policosanol lowering total cholesterol and LDL levels and suggest a CHD improvement in middle-aged patients with primary or marginal hyperlipidemia.
Triggering of the Ventilator in Patient-Ventilator Interactions (2011)

With current ventilator triggering design, in initiating ventilator breaths patient effort is only a small fraction of the total effort expended to overcome the inspiratory load. Similarly, advances in ventilator pressure or flow delivery and inspiratory flow termination improve patient effort or inspiratory muscle work during mechanical ventilation. Yet refinements in ventilator design do not necessarily allow optimal patient-ventilator interactions, as the clinician is key in managing patient factors and selecting appropriate ventilator factors to maintain patient-ventilator synchrony. In patient-ventilator interactions, unmatched patient flow demand by ventilator flow delivery results in flow asynchrony, whereas mismatches between mechanical inspiratory time (mechanical T(I)) and neural T(I) produce timing asynchrony. Wasted efforts are an example of timing asynchrony. In the triggering phase, trigger thresholds that are set too high or the type of triggering methods induces wasted efforts. Wasted efforts can be aggravated by respiratory muscle weakness or other conditions that reduce respiratory drive. In the post-triggering phase, ventilator factors play an important role in patient-ventilator interaction; this role includes the assistance level, set inspiratory flow rate, T(I), pressurization rate, and cycling-off threshold, and to some extent, applied PEEP. This paper proposes an algorithm that clinicians can use to adjust ventilator settings with the goal to eliminate or reduce patients' wasted efforts.
Adapted Printing: A Survey of its Use and Application (1985)

This article describes a third-year research project aimed at establishing whether adapted printing is an appropriate and acceptable form of therapy in occupational therapy departments. It was found that although adaptations to printing presses are available in many departments, staff have mixed views on their application. Schools of occupational therapy were found to have more positive views, but again some reservations were expressed. Finally, a short piece of action research was undertaken to establish patients' views on adapted printing and to identify possible constraints to its use. It is suggested that adapted printing is undervalued and underused, and a number of recommendations to increase its acceptability are made.
An Integrated Millimeter-Wave Broadband Microstrip-to-Waveguide Vertical Transition Suitable for Multilayer Planar Circuits (2016)

An integrated broadband vertical microstrip-to-rectangular waveguide (RWG) transition at Ka-band is presented. This transition is especially suitable for multilayer planar circuits, by utilizing a section of multilayer three-dimensional (3-D) stepped substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structure, along with a taper transition. A simplified initial transition model from 3-D stepped SIW to waveguide is first optimized, thereafter, a full microstrip-to-waveguide transition is constructed and further optimized. For demonstration, some back-to-back transition prototypes are fabricated by multilayer PCB processing. The experimental results show that the return loss better than 15 dB is obtained from 33 to 36.7 GHz, with the minimum net insertion loss about 0.7 dB for a single transition at 35 GHz.
Free Radical Mechanisms in the Central Nervous System: An Overview (1988)

Free radicals are highly toxic compounds which can react with a number of molecules such as glycoproteins or amino acids. These reactions can lead to the denaturation of proteins, destabilization of cellular membrane and eventually, cell death. Free radicals have been recently implicated in the pathogenesis and clinical course of a number of neuropsychiatric disorders including aging of the central nervous system (CNS), schizophrenia, and the development of tardive dyskinesia during chronic use of neuroleptics. This paper provides an overview of the nature of free radicals and discusses briefly their participation in the toxicity associated with catecholamines in the CNS.
A novel DDPG method with prioritized experience replay (2017)

Recently, a state-of-the-art algorithm, called deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG), has achieved good performance in many continuous control tasks in the MuJoCo simulator. To further improve the efficiency of the experience replay mechanism in DDPG and thus speeding up the training process, in this paper, a prioritized experience replay method is proposed for the DDPG algorithm, where prioritized sampling is adopted instead of uniform sampling. The proposed DDPG with prioritized experience replay is tested with an inverted pendulum task via OpenAI Gym. The experimental results show that DDPG with prioritized experience replay can reduce the training time and improve the stability of the training process, and is less sensitive to the changes of some hyperparameters such as the size of replay buffer, minibatch and the updating rate of the target network.
Active and dynamic information fusion for multisensor systems with dynamic bayesian networks (2006)

Many information fusion applications are often characterized by a high degree of complexity because: (1) data are often acquired from sensors of different modalities and with different degrees of uncertainty; (2) decisions must be made efficiently; and (3) the world situation evolves over time. To address these issues, we propose an information fusion framework based on dynamic Bayesian networks to provide active, dynamic, purposive and sufficing information fusion in order to arrive at a reliable conclusion with reasonable time and limited resources. The proposed framework is suited to applications where the decision must be made efficiently from dynamically available information of diverse and disparate sources.
Immigration Law—Some Regrettable Retreats (1981)

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Upregulation of Glt1 Attenuates Cue-Induced Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking Behavior in Rats (2009)

Relapse to cocaine-seeking behavior depends on increased glutamate transmission in key regions of the mesocorticolimbic motive circuit, including prefrontal cortex (PFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Because GLT1 is responsible for the uptake of >or=90% of extracellular glutamate, we tested the hypothesis that increased GLT1 expression attenuates cocaine relapse. Rats were trained to self-administer cocaine (0.125 mg per intravenous infusion) in a lever-pressing task in a daily 2 h session for 10-14 d followed by 5 d of extinction training. Immediately after each extinction session, rats received ceftriaxone (intraperitoneally), a beta-lactam antibiotic believed to increase GLT1 expression, or vehicle. On the following day, presentation of the cue (light and tone) previously associated with cocaine self-administration reinstated lever pressing in rats treated with vehicle, whereas 100 or 200, but not 50 mg/kg ceftriaxone blocked this response. Immunoblotting confirmed that the ceftriaxone-induced blockade of cocaine relapse was associated with an increase in GLT1 expression in both PFC and NAcc. In separate groups of rats, 200 mg/kg ceftriaxone failed to block cue-induced food seeking, arguing against a ceftriaxone-induced effect unique to extinction training or lever pressing. Our results suggest that glutamate plays a key role in cue-induced relapse to cocaine-seeking behavior, implicating GLT1 as a potential therapeutic target for cocaine addiction.