gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<i><i>T</i><sub><b><i>C</i></b></sub></i>Suppression of SrRuO<sub><b>3</b></sub>/SrTiO<sub><b>3</b></sub>Superlattices (1998)

The transverse and longitudinal magnetoresistivities of SrRuO 3 /SrTiO 3 superlattices on SrTiO 3 (001) substrates were measured to study low-dimensional effects on the magnetic properties of SrRuO 3 . Both the differential resistivity, dρ( T )/ d T , and magnetoresistivity, Δρ( H )=ρ( H )-ρ(0), become maximum at the ferromagnetic transition temperature, T C . The transition appears when the SrRuO 3 layer is as thick as 2 unit-cells or more. The T C decreases quickly with decreasing thickness, especially for less than 4 unit-cell thickness.
Data-Mining of Factors Affecting Circuit Connection Reliability on Laser-Drilled Micro Blind via Holes in Multi-Layer PWBs (2006)

The purpose of the present study is to analyze the circuit connection reliability of printed wiring boards (PWBs) in relation to the thermal stresses obtained by FEM and to apply the FEM data to a data-mining method in order to clarify the factors that influence the thermal stress of the copper plating on the drilled hole walls. The following are the conclusions obtained herein: (1) Decreasing the thickness of the build-up layer is effective in reducing the thermal stress of the copper plating. (2) Using the data-mining method, new factors that were hidden in the data, such as the coefficient of thermal expansion in the Z direction, were revealed, despite the presence of other complex factors.
Enzymatic Oxidative Conversion of Thio to Oxo by Baker’s Yeast in Thiocarbamates and Thioureas (1990)

Abstract The enzymatic conversion of aryl allylthiocarbamates and 1-allyl-3-arylthioureas by baker’s yeast to the corresponding carbamates and ureas in good yields is described.
CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory lymphocytes require interleukin 10 to interrupt colon carcinogenesis in mice. (2003)

Roles for host immune response in carcinogenesis are not well defined. Recent studies have shown that microbially driven inflammation can lead to colon cancer and that prior transfer of regulatory lymphocytes expressing CD4 and CD25 prevents the innate inflammatory events that lead to colon cancer in mice. To further examine the ability of regulatory lymphocytes to inhibit carcinogenesis, 129/SvEv Rag-2-deficient mice were inoculated by gastric gavage with Helicobacter hepaticus, an enteric bacterial pathogen of mice. Mice were then treated at 1, 3, or 12 months after infection with adoptive transfer of CD4(+)CD45RB(lo)CD25(+)-regulatory cells. Mice dosed with regulatory cells at 4 or 12 weeks after H. hepaticus infection had reduced severity of inflammatory bowel disease and significantly lower risk of colon cancer during the 8 month observation period, compared with infected mice that had not received cells. This suggested that regulatory cells were able to interrupt the ongoing innate immune events in the stepwise progression to cancer. Transfer of regulatory cells into chronically infected mice with established cancer reduced severity of colitis, epithelial dysplasia, and cancer, but did not eliminate all tumors. Regulatory cells lacking anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 were unable to inhibit inflammatory bowel disease, dysplasia, or cancer, showing that IL-10 was required for the protective effects of lymphocytes in this setting. Taken together, the data suggest that IL-10-mediated suppression of host innate inflammatory response was pivotal in interrupting carcinogenesis. Regulatory lymphocytes and cytokines may have implications for novel therapies for colon cancer in humans.
Studies of homograft sex and of gamma globulin phenotypes after orthotopic homotransplantation of the human liver. (1969)

It has been established that several serum proteins synthesized exclusively by the liver convert in the recipient to the phenotype specificity of the original donor following orthotopic liver transplantation (1, 2, 3). In this study the gamma G globulins (IgG) which are normally thought to be nonhepatic in origin were examined in 10 human recipients of replacement livers. When it was unexpectedly found that the Gm types of the donor were transmitted to the recipient, histopathologic studies of the livers were carried out to determine their source.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Transformation of Azabicyclothionocarbonate to Azaspirolactone. (1990)

Abstract Starting with the hexadiynedicarboxylate (I), the thiocarbonates (VIII) mentioned in the title are prepared in a 5‐step reaction sequence.
Prototype Antiepileptic Drug Clinical Development Plan (1993)

Antiepileptic drug (AED) development has been generally difficult owing to many factors: regulatory requirements for demonstration of efficacy and safety, subject availability, traditional trial designs, and physicians' beliefs about epilepsy and its treatment. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations require a new drug to be shown safe and effective for its intended use before it can be marketed. The unambiguous proof required is a formidable hurdle for AED development. We report a recent clinical development plan highlighting innovations in clinical trial design that have addressed these requirements, discuss alternative endpoints, and compare the results of various trial designs at various stages of development. This model clinical development plan includes trials relevant to all three clinically relevant contexts in which an AED might be used: as an adjunct to an existing regimen, as a substitution for much of an existing AED regimen, and as monotherapy.
Modern Potentiometry (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
IP cores design from specifications to production: Modeling, verification, optimization, and protection (2013)

This paper discusses the IP cores life cycle process from specification to product which includes four major steps: 1) IP Modeling, 2) IP verification, 3) IP optimization, 4) IP protection.
Similarity Search on the Web: Evaluation and Scalability Considerations (2001)

Allowing users to find pages on the web similar to a particular query page is a crucial component of modern search engines. A variety of techniques and approaches exist to support Related Pages queries. In this paper we discuss shortcomings of previous approaches and present a unifying approach that puts special emphasis on the use of text, both within anchors and surrounding anchors. In the central contribution of our paper, we present a novel technique for automating the evaluation process, allowing us to tune our parameters to maximize the quality of the results. Finally, we show how to scale our approach to millions of web pages, using the established Locality-Sensitive-Hashing technique.
Energy efficient protocols for sensing multiple events in smart dust networks (2004)

Wireless sensor networks are comprised of a vast number of ultra-small, autonomous computing and communication devices, with restricted energy, that cooperate to accomplish a large sensing task. In this work: a) we propose extended versions of two data propagation protocols for such networks: the sleep-awake probabilistic forwarding protocol (SW-PFR) and the hierarchical threshold sensitive energy efficient network protocol (H-TEEN). These non-trivial extensions improve the performance of the original protocols, by introducing sleep-awake periods in the PFR protocol to save energy, and introducing a hierarchy of clustering in the TEEN protocol to better cope with large networks; b) we implemented the two protocols and performed an extensive simulation comparison of various important measures of their performance with a focus on energy consumption; c) we investigate in detail the relative advantages and disadvantages of each protocol; and d) we discuss a possible hybrid combination of the two protocols towards optimizing certain goals.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Spectral Studies of Natural Chlorins Having Antioxidative Activity (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Where Are We With the Management of Hypertension? From Science to Clinical Practice (2009)

The management of elevated blood pressure in patients at high cardiovascular risk is still a subject of debate. The authors review current international guidelines and results of large clinical trials and recent meta-analyses to discuss the different approaches in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. The different treatment options are considered in view of the modern approach and of the different classes of drugs (diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, and angiotensin II receptor blockers) currently in use. A case report is presented as an illustration of the difficulties related to the management of high blood pressure in patients at increased risk. The benefits of the use of 2 medications that include an inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and a calcium channel blocker or a diuretic are discussed. Choosing the proper drugs and correct doses are important considerations for the long-term management of hypertension.
Enrichment of the Dust‐to‐Gas Mass Ratio in Bondi/Jeans Accretion/Cloud Systems due to Unequal Changes in Dust and Gas Incoming Velocities (2008)

The ratio of the Bondi and Jeans lengths is used to develop a cloud-accretion model that describes both an inner\nBondi-type regime where gas pressure is balanced by the gravity of a central star and an outer Jeans-type regime\nwhere gas pressure is balanced by gas self-gravity. The gas density profile provided by this model makes a smooth\ntransition from a wind-type inner solution to a Bonnor-Ebert-type outer solution. It is shown that high-velocity dust impinging on this cloud will tend to pile up due to having a different velocity profile from gas so that the dust-to-gas ratio is substantially enriched above the 1% interstellar medium (ISM) level.
Development and Bayesian evaluation of an ELISA to detect specific antibodies to <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> var <i>suis</i> in the meat juice of pigs (2006)

Samples of ear scrapings, serum and diaphragmatic muscle were collected from 271 fattening pigs at the slaughterhouse. The scrapings were examined for the presence of mites, and tests for specific antibodies to Sarcoptes scabiei var suis in the serum and meat juice were made with an experimental ELISA. The cut-off value for the meat-juice ELISA was estimated at an optical density of 0.5 by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, on the basis of the cut-off value for the serum ELISA of 0.4. The results of the three tests were used in a Bayesian model to estimate the characteristics of each test. The specificity of the tests of the ear scrapings was considered to be 1 and their sensitivity was estimated by Bayesian analysis to be 0.86, with a 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) of 0.73 to 0.99. The sensitivity of the meat juice ELISA (0.71, 95 per cent CI 0.6 to 0.8) and its specificity (0.77, 95 per cent CI 0.66 to 0.89) were comparable with the sensitivity (0.73, 95 per cent CI 0.6 to 0.8) and specificity (0.81, 95 per cent CI 0.69 to 0.95) of the serum ELISA.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Hetero‐Substituted Iminoacyl Functions (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Prognostic impact of bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytosis in patients with chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (2018)

<b>Introduction:</b> Acute hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is typically characterized by lymphocytic alveolitis. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is also discussed to be crucial in the diagnostic workup of chronic HP (cHP) to differentiate from other fibrotic ILDs. However, data on the association of BAL cell differentiation to survival in cHP are sparse. We therefore aimed to assess the prognostic impact of BAL in cHP patients. <b>Methods:</b> The database of a tertiary referral centre for ILD was reviewed for BAL cell differentiation and survival in cHP patients. <b>Results:</b> 211 patients with cHP were identified (mean age 63 years, 53 % male, FVC mean 73%, mean DLCO SB 44%), mean follow up was 32 months. 194 received BAL with lymphocytes < 20 % n=111, lymphocytes >20 % n=100, lymphocytes >30% n=73, lymphocytes >40 % n=61. BAL lymphocytes >30% (p=0.009) and >40% (p=0.020) were associated with improved survival compared to pts without BAL lymphocytosis (<20%). Logistic regression of BAL lymphocyte categories and HRCT pattern revealed that honeycombing was associated with BAL lymphocytes >20% (p=0.037), while NSIP-pattern on CT was predictive of BAL lymphocytes >30% (p=0.045) and traction bronchiectasis was predictive of BAL lymphocytes >40% (p=0.027). There was no significant association of BAL lymphocytes count and immunosuppression on survival. <b>Conclusion:</b> BAL lymphocytosis is significantly associated with an improved survival, therefore BAL should be considered not only for diagnostic but also prognostic reasons in the work-up of cHP.
Sensing Strategies for Opportunistic Spectrum Access in Cognitive Radio Networks (2015)

In this thesis, we address an important issue in opportunistic spectrum sensing, dealing with medium access strategies in decentralized cognitive radio networks. Speci cally, our focus is on MAC layer channel selection schemes for e cient discovery and allocation of spectrum opportunities. Opportunistic Spectrum Access (OSA) is developed as a dynamic resource allocation model to e ciently utilize the scarce resource of wireless spectrum. Particularly, low-priority Secondary Users (SUs) are allowed to share the spectrum with licensed Primary Users (PUs) in an opportunistic non-intrusive manner, such that no interference will be introduced to the PUs. This involves spectrum sensing, where SUs monitor the activity of PUs to identify and further utilize the idle bands, whenever no primary activity is detected. Recognizing hardware restrictions and the overhead caused by central infrastructure, we assume SUs have no prior knowledge about primary activity and channel state information. In this uncertain environment, secondary nodes that are cognitive devices have to distributively learn the primary activity parameters at the same time as sensing the spectrum for accessing idle bands. The goal is to maximize secondary network spectral utilization while minimizing interference introduced to the primary. This is where exploration versus exploitation dilemma arises in search for a balance between choosing empirically best channel while investigating other channels for potential opportunities. Moreover, competition should also be dealt with in order to prevent collision when multiple secondary users in the network intend to access the same channel. In this thesis, after introducing the concept of OSA for dynamic resource allocation, and discussing relevant existing work in the literature, we consider the problem of spectrum sensing and arising issues in a fading environment. Collaborative spectrum sensing is then addressed as a method to combat undesired fading e ects. Afterwards, MAC layer sensing and channel selection problem is considered. First, by modeling the problem as a multi- armed bandit, a sub-optimal channel selection algorithm referred to as modi ed-myopic strategy is proposed for the single-user scenario. Providing analysis and simulation results, we will show e cient as well as timely performance of our method compared to other strategies in the literature. Next, taking advantage of generalized Carrier Sense Multiple Access-Collision Avoidance (CSMA-CA) technique, we extend our algorithm to design a fair and low-complexity asymptotically optimal access strategy in the multi-user scenario. Analyses and simulation results are provided to evaluate the performance in dense as well as sparse networks. As a result, maximal network utilization, fairly distributed among users, is achievable in high-density decentralized network.
An Attempt to Characterize Malignant Lymphoma in Spleen, Liver and Lymph Nodes with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1987)

An attempt was made to explore whether relaxation times and/or normalized image intensities obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can separate malignant and non-malignant lymphomatous tissue. Spin-echo (SE) techniques with repetition times of 500 and 1,500 ms and echo times of 35 and 70 ms were used for estimating T1 and T2. Estimation of T1 and T2 with such a low number of spin-echo sequences resulted in considerable variation in the data especially when T1 was long. Similar information was also extracted by normalizing the image intensities to the 'proton density' image (1,500/35), and the spread of the data was then markedly reduced. Therefore, the method of normalizing was considered a more appropriate way of handling the image data when only a few sequences were available. No significant difference could be discerned in the MRI parameters between normal spleens and spleens infiltrated with malignant lymphoma, between normal livers and livers in patients with malignant lymphoma and between lymph nodes with low or high grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Lymphomatous tissue had similar MRI characteristics irrespectively of whether the cells were malignant or not, or located in spleens or in lymph nodes. The main biologic explanation for variation in data seems to be mostly the variable amounts of fibrosis, necrosis, oedema and/or iron content.
A new sensor for heavy metals detection in aqueous media (2012)

A novel technique for rapid and ultrahigh sensing of heavy metals in aqueous media based on microfluidic platform coated with Porous Anodic Alumina (PAA) membrane and functionalized with ultrathin porous layer of highly ordered hexagonal arrays of Au nanoparticles with 25nm sub-gaps is proposed. The sensor demonstrated high selectivity between three different heavy metals (Hg, Cd, and Pb) with concentrations varied from 1 to 20 ppb. The platform provides an instant and fully integrated detection method that is based on in situ surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. The observed Raman enhancement is due to the excitation and interference of surface plasmon waves, which are highly dependent on the type and concentration of the heavy metal. As a result, the proposed sensor is an unprecedented fully integrated platform that is easy to fabricate and can be seamlessly integrated with an in situ signal detection device for added functionality.
Expression of the type I DNA topoisomerase gene in adenovirus-5 infected human cells (1990)

The amount of topoisomerase I specific mRNA increases three- to fivefold during the early phase of infection of HeLa cells with adenovirus-5. The observed increase in specific mRNA is mainly due to an increased rate of transcription of the gene. In human 293 cells, which constitutively express the viral E1A and E1B genes, we determined an elevated level of topoisomerase I mRNA, comparable to the amount of mRNA present in HeLa cells early after infection with adenovirus. In contrasts, in HeLa cells infected with adenovirus dI312, a mutant were the E1A region had been deleted, the amount of topoisomerase I mRNA remained constant, unless the cells were superinfected with wild type virus. Our experiments indicate that the topoisomerase I gene is transactivated by an early adenovirus protein product coded by the E1A region. In contrast to the increase in mRNA synthesis, the amount of topoisomerase I protein and the topoisomerase I activity remain constant up to 24 hours after infection.
Postprandial effects on arterial stiffness parameters in healthy young adults (2015)

Postprandial lipemia has been associated with acute endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction, in turn, is associated with increased arterial stiffness. However, the relationship between postprandial lipemia and acute changes in arterial stiffness has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study on the effects of postprandial lipemia on arterial stiffness in 19 healthy young adults before and after consumption of a high-fat mixed meal. Arterial stiffness was assessed locally with echo-tracking carotid arterial strain (CAS) and globally with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). As assessed by these two benchmark parameters, arterial stiffness did not differ significantly postprandially. However, the arterial distension period (ADP) was significantly lower 2 hours after mixed meal ingestion. In addition, slopes of carotid artery area (CAA) curves were significantly steeper postprandially. Therefore, we concluded that ADP may be a more sensitive marker of arterial stiffness in healthy young adults when compared to PWV and CAS.
Prognostic significance of immunological tests in lung cancer. (1981)

We performed a battery of tests on peripheral blood samples from 94 patients with lung cancer to determine the extent to which immunological depression was due to abnormal lymphocyte function, as compared to changes in the number of lymphoid cells in the peripheral blood or in the efficiency of purification of cells in Ficoll-Hypaque gradients in preparation for testing. The percentage of lymphocytes in the gradient-derived cell suspension (%LG) was the most informative test. It decreased significantly with advancing stage of cancer and could predict survival of patients with uniform stage. The %LG correlated with survival better than any other test when multivariate analyses of all test combinations were performed. Low values of %LG reflected both the depressed lymphocyte counts and the altered buoyant density of the leucocytes of many patients with advanced cancer. A large proportion of the depression in other immune function tests was statistically attributed to changes in %LG. We concluded that this simple measurement provides valuable information about patients with lung cancer.
Atomic Scale Design and Control of Cation Distribution in Hexagonal Ferrites (2008)

Using a novel alternating target laser ablation deposition technique, Mn cations were placed in specific interstitial sites of BaFe12O19 thin films as opposed to being distributed throughout the unit cell as in conventional bulk materials. The distribution of Mn cations has been confirmed experimentally and predicted theoretically. As a result of site selection, the saturation magnetization increased 12%-22%, and the Néel temperature increased by 40-60 K compared to bulk materials. This technique implies a new methodology to design and process a new generation of ferrite, oxide, and alloy materials.
Robustness analysis of genetic programming controllers for unmanned aerial vehicles (2006)

While evolving evolutionary robotics controllers for real vehicles is an active area of research, most research robots do not require any assurance prior to operation that an evolved controller will not damage the vehicle. For controllers evolved in simulation where testing a poorly performing controller might damage the vehicle, thorough testing in simulation - subject to multiple sources of sensor and state noise - is required. Evolved controllers must be robust to noise in the environment in order to operate the vehicle safely. We have evolved navigation controllers for unmanned aerial vehicles in simulation using multi-objective genetic programming, and in order to choose the best evolved controller and to assure that this controller will perform well under a variety of environmental conditions, we have performed a series of robustness tests. The results show that our best evolved controller outperforms two hand-designed controllers and is robust to many sources of noise.