gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preliminary Measurements of X-Ray and Neutron Emission from Laser-Produced Plasmas (1972)

Two Nd-glass laser systems have been assembled for producing high-temperature plasmas. The smaller laser, which gives subnanosecond pulses of about 5 J, has been used primarily for x-ray studies. The spectrum above 2 keV is being explored using Bragg reflection from a cylindrically curved graphite crystal. Line radiation appears to be present in the spectra measured for laser-produced plasmas of lead and gold. Plasma temperatures implied by x-ray transmission measurements are found to vary with absorber thickness. Temperatures of a few tens of keV, inferred from thick-absorber measurements of low-Z plasmas, suggest the operation of anomalous heating mechanisms. A second glass laser system, involving face-pumped disks 14 cm in diameter, is also in use for plasma-heating experiments and has led to the production of D-D neutrons. This system has been used to produce pulses of several tens of joules in a few nanoseconds for recent experiments. A calibrated plastic scintillator with two photomultipliers is used f r neutron detection. Targets of CD(2) have produced total yields of more than 10(4) neutrons. Effective neutron production appears to require laser pulses longer than 2 nsec and to be accompanied by a large reflected pulse.
Conical whispering gallery mode resonator (2005)

Novel type of the whispering gallery mode resonator is proposed. Dependence of eigen frequency, quality factors, filling factor of conducting endplate and electric field distribution on a slope angle of the generatrix of Teflon cone lying on a conducting plate are experimentally investigated in K/sub a/-band.
Copper post-CMP brush cleaning (2003)

Both metallic and abrasive particle cleaning after Cu CMP processing was studied. Two chemical (citric acid and K/sub 2/-EDTA) based cleaning systems were evaluated as functions of concentration and pH. Results of <5/spl times/10/sup 10/ at/cm/sup 2/ for Cu contamination were achieved with both optimized systems. Cu was presented on the wafer surface in the form of a homogeneous film, yet alumina was detected in both localized particle and thin film form. No Cu corrosion or surface roughening were detected after the cleaning process.
Enhanced isobutanol production from acetate by combinatorial overexpression of acetyl-CoA synthetase and anaplerotic enzymes in engineered <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2018)

Acetic acid is an abundant material that can be used as a carbon source by microorganisms. Despite its abundance, its toxicity and low energy content make it hard to utilize as a sole carbon source for biochemical production. To increase acetate utilization and isobutanol production with engineered Escherichia coli, the feasibility of utilizing acetate and metabolic engineering was investigated. The expression of acs, pckA, and maeB increased isobutanol production by up to 26%, and the addition of TCA cycle intermediates indicated that the intermediates can enhance isobutanol production. For isobutanol production from acetate, acetate uptake rates and the NADPH pool were not limiting factors compared to glucose as a carbon source. This work represents the first approach to produce isobutanol from acetate with pyruvate flux optimization to extend the applicability of acetate. This technique suggests a strategy for biochemical production utilizing acetate as the sole carbon source.
Evaluating strategic project and portfolio performance (2012)

To assess performance at the portfolio level, it is vital to measure the performance of individual projects and consolidate the measurements in a mathematically meaningful way that reflects the strategic importance of the member projects. Beyond the traditional metrics, obvious questions are how to: (1) derive project strategic performance using traditional performance measurements, (2) synthesise individual project measurements into meaningful strategic performance measurements at the portfolio level, and (3) assess current project and portfolio strategic performance with respect to continued expectation of achieving strategic objectives as they progress through implementation. This article proposes solutions for the first two questions and suggests a means of approaching the third.
Prenatal Care and Infant Mortality in Nevada (2006)

Prenatal care, also known as antepartum care, refers to the health services that a pregnant woman receives before a baby’s birth. Health care providers know from numerous studies that prenatal care is important because potential problems that may endanger the mother or her baby may be discovered and treated prior to birth. In many cases, potential problems can be prevented altogether. Because of this, it is important that the pregnant woman not only begins prenatal care early, but also receives continuous care throughout her pregnancy. The preconception (before pregnancy) care is also an important factor affecting the future mother’s and baby’s health. The United States (U.S.) Department of Health and Human Services, Maternal and Child Health Bureau, in their report, A Healthy Start, Begin Before Baby’s Born, at http://www.mchb.hrsa.gov/programs/womeninfants/prenatal.htm, states that Babies born to mothers who received no prenatal care are 3 times more likely to be born at low birth weight and 5 times more likely to die than those whose mothers received prenatal care.
Synthesis of Mixed Lumped and Distributed Impedance-Transforming Filters (1972)

The design of a class of impedance-transforming filters in the form of very compact and convenient mixed lumped and distributed ladder networks is presented. The synthesis utilizes the distributed prototype technique introduced in a previous paper, but here a new approximation function appropriate to the impedance transformer problem is derived. In addition to combining the properties of an impedance transformer and a low-pass filter, the new circuit represents a solution to the problem of short-line matching to an extreme impedance value without using extreme impedance values in the transformer. Broad-band designs are tabulated for a wide range of parameters. A discussion of the application of the technique in the design of mixed lumped and distributed broad-band matching networks is included. A 50-10-/spl Omega/ transformer was designed for the band 3.5-7.0 GHz, having a voltage standing-wave ratio of 1.15 and giving an attenuation >20 dB in the band 10.5-21.0 GHz. The length of this transformer is 0.875 in, and the experimental results showed excellent agreement with theory.
Population-Based MCMC on Multi-Core CPUs, GPUs and FPGAs (2015)

Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is a method to draw samples from a given probability distribution. Its frequent use for solving probabilistic inference problems, where big-scale data are repeatedly processed, means that MCMC runtimes can be unacceptably large. This paper focuses on population-based MCMC, a popular family of computationally intensive MCMC samplers; we propose novel, highly optimized accelerators in three parallel hardware platforms (multi-core CPUs, GPUs and FPGAs), in order to address the performance limitations of sequential software implementations. For each platform, we jointly exploit the nature of the underlying hardware and the special characteristics of population-based MCMC. We focus particularly on the use of custom arithmetic precision, introducing two novel methods which employ custom precision in the largest part of the algorithm in order to reduce runtime, without causing sampling errors. We apply these methods to all platforms. The FPGA accelerators are up to 114x faster than multi-core CPUs and up to 53x faster than GPUs when doing inference on mixture models.
High-risk Problem of Penetration Testing of Power Grid Rainstorm Disaster Artificial Intelligence Prediction System and Its Countermeasures (2019)

System penetration testing is an important measure of discovering information system security issues. This paper summarizes and analyzes the high-risk problems found in the penetration testing of the artificial storm prediction system for power grid storm disasters from four aspects: application security, middleware security, host security and network security. In particular, in order to overcome the blindness of PGRDAIPS current SQL injection penetration test, this paper proposes a SQL blind bug based on improved second-order fragmentation reorganization. By modeling the SQL injection attack behavior and comparing the SQL injection vulnerability test in PGRDAIPS, this method can effectively reduce the blindness of SQL injection penetration test and improve its accuracy. With the prevalence of ubiquitous power internet of things, the electric power information system security defense work has to be taken seriously. This paper can not only guide the design, development and maintenance of disaster prediction information systems, but also provide security for the Energy Internet disaster safety and power meteorological service technology support.
Trade-off between Reliability and Energy Consumption in Transport Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (2006)

packets are created than the network can carry and the network starts to drop packets. The more packets are dropped, the more energy is consumed and the lesser is the reliability Summary Efficient design and implementation of wireless sensor networks has become a hot area of research in recent years. In comparison with other existing networks, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have some limitations. Typically, nodes in WSN have limited power, computational capacity, and memory. These problems require the need of having particular protocols designed for WSN. Currently, many research focused on developing transport protocols. This paper proposes a probability model that can be applied in transport protocols using hop-by-hop and end-to-end mechanism. From this model, we evaluate the number of hops that a packet has to pass when it is being sent from source to destination. We also solve the optimal number of transmissions in transport layer. The result from this model shows that there is a trade-off between reliability and energy consumption. Key words:
DESCRIPCIÓN DE UN MODELO LOCAL DE LAS DISTRIBUCIONES DE CAMPO MAGNÉTICO HIPERFINO DE LAS ALEACIONES Fe0.60Al0.40 y Fe0.65Al0.35 (2010)

En este trabajo se presenta un modelo local basado en el metodo de distribucion binomial para interpretar las distribucion de campos hiperfino obtenidas las medidas de espectroscopia Mossbauer de las aleaciones Fe0.60Al0.40 y Fe0.65Al0.35 a T = 292K y 77 K. En el modelo, los atomos constituyentes se asumen distribuidos aleatoriamente en una red cristalina bcc de acuerdo con la estructura cristalina y el caracter desordenado de las muestras. Los resultados muestran la sustitucion de atomos de Fe por atomos de Al en el primer vecindario, produce una reduccion del campo hiperfino de 16.9T y 23.4T a 292K y 77K respectivamente para Fe0.60Al0.40 y de 22.3T y 24.3T a 292 K y 77K respectivamente para Fe0.65Al0.35 . A diferencia de esto, sustituciones de Al en el segundo vecindario, producen una reduccion del campo hiperfino de 4.6T y 6.9 T, para ambas temperaturas y concentraciones. El modelo tambien permite obtener el valor del campo hiperfino medio, asi como determinar las configuraciones (sitios) mas probables del sistema, involucrando primeros y segundos vecinos. Las curvas teoricas obtenidas por el metodo de distribucion binomial y las experimentales obtenidas por espectroscopia Mossbauer ajustan muy bien, al igual que los datos experimentales y los teoricos.
<title>Design And Implementation Of A Broadband Infrared Atmospheric Transmissometer</title> (1981)

For the past several years the Air Force has been involv..ed with the attempt to measure narrowband atmospheric transmission over horizontal paths (up to 8km) in three spectral regions--visible, 3-5 micrometers and 8-12 micrometers. The data is required for use in LOWTRAN model verification, itself a prime tool for predicting imaging sensor performance as it relates to meteorological conditions. Problems associated with the use of commercially available equipment purchased by the Air Force are briefly described, as well as the design of a new transmissometer receiver intended to operate over the full 8km range. Measurements taken with this new receiver are presented along with their LOWTRAN predictions. Preliminary data indicates that the accuracy attainable with this instrument far exceeds that of the original equipment and will serve as a great help in LOWTRAN validation efforts currently underway.
Unsymmetrically Substituted Phthalocyanine Derivatives via a Modified Ring Enlargement Reaction of Unsubstituted Subphthalocyanine (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUnsymmetrically Substituted Phthalocyanine Derivatives via a Modified Ring Enlargement Reaction of Unsubstituted SubphthalocyanineA. Weitemeyer, H. Kliesch, and D. WoehrleCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 15, 4900–4904Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00120a038https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00120a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1114Altmetric-Citations89LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Design and Implementation of a Distributed Accounting Management Model (2005)

With the rapid development of Internet/Intranet, network is becoming larger and more complex. Traditional decentralized accounting management exposes many shortages. So we propose a new distributed framework, which takes advantage of the mobile agent. In this paper here, the design and implementation of the new framework is described in detail. The experiment result in the network of our campus is also presented.
Two early finds of gold-of-pleasure (<i>Camelina</i> sp.) in middle Neolithic and Chalcolithic sites in western France (1998)

Two new finds of Camelina seeds prove the presence of the plant in middle Neolithic and Chalcolithic western France nearly 3000 years before widespread cultivation in France.
Measurement on an Active Phased Array Antenna on a Near-Field Range and an Anechoic Far-Field Chamber (2001)

Active Phased Array Antennas especially for use in Radar Systems (e.g. Airborne Radars) have to be adjusted and tested very well before they can be operated in the Radar System. This Adjustment Process shall guarantee the Antenna Performance under all operating conditions. Therefore, the Active Phased Array Antenna is measured on a Near-Field Test Range to determine the Adjustment Corrections to improve the Antenna Performance, e.g. the Pattern Quality. After applying the Adjustment Corrections, the actual Antenna Performance has to be determined. This can be performed on the Near-Field Test Range and within an Anechoic Chamber. This paper gives a description about the adjustment process and the later on measurements performed on the Active Phased Array on both measurement facilities, demonstrated with an Active Phased Array Antenna for fighter aircrafts. Furthermore, it gives a detailed description about the measurement equipment and setup needed for measuring - Near-Field Range Patterns - Directivity - Average Far SLL - Far-Field Pattern (Sum and Difference) - EIRP - Pulse Shape - Noise Figure (described by G/T) - Gain - Beam Pointing Resolution - and the Antenna Signature.
Redundant Via Insertion with Cut Optimization for Self-Aligned Double Patterning (2017)

Line-end cuts are employed to enable 1D gridded designs in self-aligned double patterning (SADP) process. Due to the minimum spacing constraints between adjacent cuts, cut optimization is important component. However, it brings a new challenge to redundant via (RV) insertion. As the cuts for RVs are not taken into account during line-end cut optimization, inserting some RVs may cause coloring conflicts or design rule violations.
Freshwater prawn culture : the farming of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (2000)

The farming of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii has developed rapidly during recent years. Advances in techniques, and the huge expansion of world demand for this species, continue to stimulate the growth of a multi-million dollar industry. This landmark publication is a compendium of information on every aspect of the farming of M. rosenbergii. A comprehensive review of the status of freshwater prawn farming research, development and commercial practice, the book is intended to stimulate further advances in the knowledge and understanding of this important field. An extremely well-known and internationally-respected team of contributing authors have written cutting edge chapters covering all major aspects of the subject. Coverage includes biology, hatchery and grow-out culture systems, feeds and feeding, up-to-date information on the status of freshwater prawn farming around the world, post-harvest handling and processing, markets, and economics and business management. Further chapters are devoted to the culture of other prawn species, prawn capture fisheries and the sustainability of freshwater prawn culture. Contributions to the book have been brought together and edited by Michael New and Wagner Valenti, themselves widely known for their work in this area. The comprehensive information in Freshwater Prawn Culture will give an important commercial edge to anyone involved in the culture and trade of freshwater prawns. Readership should include prawn farm personnel, business managers and researchers, and invertebrate, freshwater and crustacean biologists. Copies of the book should be available on the shelves of all libraries in research establishments and universities where aquaculture and fisheries are studied and taught. Michael Bernard New, OBE is a Past-President of the World Aquaculture Society and President-Elect of the European Aquaculture Society; Wagner Cotroni Valenti is a Professor at the Aquaculture Center, São Paulo State University, Brazil.
Capsaicin Increases Endurance Capacity and Spares Tissue Glycogen through Lipolytic Function in Swimming Rats (2003)

The influences of various doses of capsaicin on endurance capacity remain to be clarified. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not capsaicin delays stored tissue glycogen depletion. Rats were orally given either a vehicle or a dose of capsaicin, 6, 10, or 15 mg/kg of body weight, 2 h before exercise. The rats in each group were divided into three subgroups for resting and swimming exercise (30 min, exhaustion). Swimming exercises were performed with a weight corresponding to 3% body weight attached to the tail, and the endurance capacity was evaluated by the swimming time until exhaustion. The 15 mg/kg dose of capsaicin significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the endurance performance time and plasma concentration of epinephrine, norepinephrine, free fatty acid and glucose rose to significantly higher levels within 30 min; swimming exercise compared to rest (p < 0.05). At the 15 mg/kg capsaicin dosage. the plasma insulin level decreased to significantly lower levels in group subjected to 30-min swimming as compared to the resting group (p < 0.05), while plasma glucagon rose to a significantly higher level (p < 0.05). Liver and gastrocnemius muscle glycogen in the group subjected to 30-min swimming was maintained at significantly higher concentrations in the rats fed 15 mg/kg of capsaicin as compared to the vehicle counterparts (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the improvement in swimming endurance with the high capsaicin dosage is caused by an increase in fatty acid utilization as the energy source, resulting in the sparing of glycogen.
An Assessment of NFC for Future Mobile Payment Systems (2007)

In this paper, we present an assessment of NFC (near field communication) for future mobile payment systems. NFC is expected to become a very trendy technology for mobile services, more specifically for mobile payments. The objective of our paper is to evaluate in a systematic manner the potential of NFC as an upcoming technology for mobile payments. In order to ensure the rigor of our research, we used a formal and structured approach based on multi-actor multi-criteria methods. Our research provides one of the first assessment of NFC and a realistic picture of the current Swiss situation as we involved numerous mobile payment experts. Our findings show that Swiss industry experts are quite enthusiastic about the future of NFC.
Considerations in the placement of phase calibration tones (1980)

In the use of tones to calibrate unwanted instrumental phases for very long baseline interferometry experiments, certain problems exist which are related to the placement of these phase calibrator tones. (1) A bias exists in an analytically generated stopping function used during correlation if its frequency satisfies the following condition; f = (f sub s)x(m)/n, where f sub s = sampling frequency, m = any integer, and n = any odd integer. (2) Due to the quantized representation of sine waves in the stopping function, odd harmonics of the fundamental frequencies are generated. Several mechanisms are available through which these harmonics can cause errors in the residual phase extracted from the recorded tones. (3) When multiple tones are injected into a pass band, intermodulation products can occur. The magnitude of these effects is discussed along with strategies designed to avoid them.
Image fusion and subpixel parameter estimation for automated optical inspection of electronic components (1996)

The authors present a new approach to automated optical inspection (AOI) of circular features that combines image fusion with subpixel edge detection and parameter estimation. In their method, several digital images are taken of each part as it moves past a camera, creating an image sequence. These images are fused to produce a high-resolution image of the features to be inspected. Subpixel edge detection is performed on the high-resolution image, producing a set of data points that is used for ellipse parameter estimation. The fitted ellipses are then back-projected into 3-space in order to obtain the sizes of the circular features being inspected, assuming that the depth is known. The method is accurate, efficient, and easily implemented. The authors present experimental results for real intensity images of circular features of varying sizes. Their results demonstrate that their algorithm shows greatest improvement over traditional methods in cases where the feature size is small relative to the resolution of the imaging device.