gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Implementing the 3-omega technique for thermal conductivity measurements (2013)

Thermal conductivity of the constituent materials is one of the most important properties affecting the performance of micro- and nanofabricated devices. These devices often make use of thin films with thicknesses ranging from some nanometers to few micrometers. The thermal conductivity of thin films can be measured with the three-omega method. In three-omega technique a metal wire acting as a resistive heater is microfabricated on the sample. Alternating current passing through the metal heater at a frequency ω heats the sample periodically and generates oscillations in the resistance of the metal line at a frequency 2ω. The oscillating resistance component is coupled with the driving current to create a third harmonic (3ω) voltage component over the heater. The magnitude and frequency dependence of the 3ω voltage can be used to obtain the thermal properties of the sample. The measurement setup consisted of a vacuum chamber with a custom sample mount, lock-in amplifiers to supply the voltage and to record the output, and various other electrical components. Custom LabVIEW programs were used for data acquisition and input signal modification. The goal of the project was to build and validate a 3ω-measurement setup by measuring the thermal conductivities of 300 nm thick SiO2 thin films. Bismuth and gold were used as the heater materials because they have noticeable temperature coeffcients of resistivity, bismuth even at temperatures of a few kelvin. Data analysis revealed that the output of the examined measurement setups can not be used to calculate the thermal properties of the samples. This is most probably due to spurious 3ω-signal in the measurement circuit, originating from the components and voltage sources.
Adapting semantic networks and fuzzy logic for the creation of the planning coordinator's primitive structure database (2002)

Previous work has introduced the planning coordinator, a logical extension to the coordination level of the intelligent machine model that provides a platform for error recovery and online planning by autonomous and semi-autonomous robotic systems. This paper refines the design architecture of the planning coordinator focusing on the primitive structure database and node/link weighting mechanism. This architecture facilitates the role of the planning coordinator as the mechanism by which an existing robotic system can be made more autonomous.
Tissue Distribution of Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase in (1984)

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase lacetyl-CoA-carbon dioxide ligase (ADP forming), EC 6.4.1.21 is a biotin-containing enzyme catalyzing the formation of malonyl-CoA. The tissue distribution of this enzyme was determined for leaves of C3- and C4-plants. The mesophyll tissues of the C3-plants Pisum sativum and Allium porrum contained 90% of the leaf acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity, with the epidermal tissues containing the remainder. Western blotting of proteins fractionated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, using '25I-streptavidin as a probe, revealed biotinyl proteins of molecular weights 62,000, 51,000, and 32,000 in P. sativum and 62,000, 34,000, and 32,000 in A. porrum. In the C4-plant sorghum, epidermal protoplasts, mesophyll protoplasts and strands of bundle sheath cells contained 35, 47, and 17%, respectively, of the total leaf acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity. In Zea mays leaves the respective figures were 10% for epidermal protoplasts, 56% for mesophyll protoplasts, and 32% for bundle sheath strands. Biotinyl proteins of molecular weights 62,000 and 51,000 were identified in leaves of sorghum and Z. mays. The results are discussed with respect to each tissue's requirements for malonyl-CoA for various metabolic pathways.
1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Suppresses Telomerase Expression and Human Cancer Growth through MicroRNA-498 (2012)

Telomerase is an essential enzyme that counteracts the telomere attrition accompanying DNA replication during cell division. Regulation of the promoter activity of the gene encoding its catalytic subunit, the telomerase reverse transcriptase, is established as the dominant mechanism conferring the high telomerase activity in proliferating cells, such as embryonic stem and cancer cells. This study reveals a new mechanism of telomerase regulation through non-coding small RNA by showing that microRNA-498 (miR-498) induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)) decreases the mRNA expression of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase. MiR-498 was first identified in a microarray analysis as the most induced microRNA by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) in ovarian cancer cells and subsequently validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays in multiple human cancer types. A functional vitamin D response element was defined in the 5-prime regulatory region of the miR-498 genome, which is occupied by the vitamin D receptor and its coactivators. Further studies showed that miR-498 targeted the 3-prime untranslated region of human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA and decreased its expression. The levels of miR-498 expression were decreased in malignant human ovarian tumors as well as human ovarian cancer cell lines. The ability of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) to decrease human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA and to suppress ovarian cancer growth was compromised when miR-498 was depleted using the sponges in cell lines and mouse tumor models. Taken together, our studies define a novel mechanism of telomerase regulation by small non-coding RNAs and identify miR-498 as an important mediator for the anti-tumor activity of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3).
External Pipeline Leak Detection Based on Fiber Optic Sensing for the Kinosis 12″–16″ and 16″–20″ Pipe-in-Pipe System (2014)

The concern of the pipeline industry and general population for a safe and green environment is higher than ever. This highlights the need for efficient leak detection to prevent environmental catastrophes and operational disruption. Therefore, accurate techniques to detect and locate very small leaks that could develop into larger leaks are a valuable asset for the construction of key pipelines. External pipeline leak detection systems based on distributed fiber optic sensing emerge as the most appropriate solution for automatic detection and localization of very small leaks. In the case of the Kinosis pipeline system, two 11km Electrically Heat Traced Pipe-In-Pipe (EHTPIP) pipelines have been built between the Nexen Long lake upgrader and Nexen Kinosis SAGD facilities. The fiber optic sensing cable is directly in contact with the EHTPIP external surface. These pipelines carry Produced Emulsion and Boiler Feed Water at temperatures as high as 120°C and 150°C respectively. The fiber optic distributed sensing system provides temperature feedback information to the operator, not only in operation and in case of a leak but also when the Electrical Heat Trace system is turned on; in this case, the monitoring system can detect and locate overheating problems and/or signs of heating failures. In the case of a leak, the outer temperature of the pipeline will increase; this will automatically be detected and monitored by the DITEST temperature monitoring system and will trigger an alarm to the Nexen LONG LAKE upgrader SCADA system for that specific location. Furthermore, the combination of fiber optic distributed monitoring with the PIP technology enables to detect and locate a leak in the inner pipeline at a very early stage, therefore avoiding any environmental damage (the leak is still contained by the outer PIP tube) and giving time to the pipeline operator to plan a sectional replacement.
Influence of holding time in the die on structure development of low-alloyed TRIP steels (2019)

Press-hardening is a modern forming technology for the production of shaped sheet parts. Its use has been growing in recent years because of high production accuracy, lower spring back effect and lower forming forces. This technology is also suitable for high strength TRIP steels (transformation induced plasticity). The problem with this technology is, in the case of forming into a die at room temperature, a high cooling rate which leads to the formation of martensitic structures with a low ferrite content. These structures, while achieving high strength limits, but low ductility. Therefore, after forming, it is important to terminate the quenching in the tool at the right time, or to carry out further heat treatment in the furnace. Two low-alloy TRIP steels with a carbon content of 0.2% with the difference in niobium content were selected for the experiment. In the first part, there was performed quenching of the sheets between the die of the hydraulic press. The holding time was varied from 0 to 10s and the sheet temperature after removal from the die was measured with a thermal camera. In the second part, an experiment was carried out directly in the flat press-hardening tool, which was supplemented by an isothermal holding time in the furnace. Mixed structures formed by martensite, bainite, proeutectoid ferrite and retained austenite were obtained with proper parameter selection.
High-throughput whole genome sequencing reveals suppressor mutations that compensate the detrimental effects of SpoT deletion and affect glycogen content in Escherichia coli. (2013)

Trabajo presentado en el XXIV Congreso de Microbiología SEM (Sociedad Española de Microbiología), celebrado en L´Hospitalet del 10 al 13 de julio de 2013.-- Montero, Manuel et al.
Determination of the Red Blood Cell Apparent Membrane Elastic Modulus From Viscometric Measurements (1990)

Rhelogical measurements on a dilute suspension of red blood cells (RBCs) are interpreted by means of a microheological model that relates the shear evolution of the apparent viscosity to the intrinsic properties of the suspended particles. It is then possible to quantify the average deformability of a RBC population in terms of a mean value of the membrane shear elastic modulus, Es. Dilute suspensions of erthrocytes exhibit shear-thinning behavior with a constant high shear viscosity. This behavior is identical to the one predicted for a suspension of spherical capsules where the same phenomena of deformation and orientation prevail. A comparison between theoretical and experimental curves yields a mean value of Es, assuming all other cell properties--internal viscosity, geometry--to be otherwise equal. In Dextran, the values of Es for normal RBCs are found to be of order 3.10(-6) N/m. For erythrocytes hardened by heat exposure for 15 minutes at 48 degrees C, the increase in Es reaches 45 percent. This procedure of shear elastic modulus determination is easy to perform and seems to give a good discrimination between normal and altered erythrocytes.
<title>Hierarchical Markov random-field modeling for texture classification in chest radiographs</title> (1996)

A hierarchical Markov random field (MRF) modeling approach is presented for the classification of textures in selected regions of interest (ROIs) of chest radiographs. The procedure integrates possible texture classes and their spatial definition with other components present in an image such as noise and background trend. Classification is performed as a maximum a-posteriori (MAP) estimation of texture class and involves an iterative Gibbs- sampling technique. Two cases are studied: classification of lung parenchyma versus bone and classification of normal lung parenchyma versus miliary tuberculosis (MTB). Accurate classification was obtained for all examined cases showing the potential of the proposed modeling approach for texture analysis of radiographic images.
Advanced Terahertz Data Processing for NDE Applications (2016)

Recently terahertz technology (THz) has emerged as a very powerful NDE tool for inspecting and characterizing dielectric materials. Due to its exceptional longitudinal and lateral resolutions, time-domain pulsed THz scan is particularly effective for inspecting thin layered dielectric media. This pulsed scanning produces multi-dimensional data for which advanced processing techniques are needed to extract and analyze the ample information within. In this presentation we conduct a comparable study of several renowned data processing techniques to determine their applicability and performance in processing THz data. These data processing techniques include an outlier detection algorithm based on minimum covariance determinant estimator, the popular partial least squares method in the field of chemometrics and a Bayesian classifier also known as probabilistic neural network in the fields of pattern recognition/machine learning. We will present the results on common simulated data as well as interface data obtained from fiber glass composites.
Transparent Fourier transform spectrometer (2011)

We realized a transparent Fourier transform spectrometer and investigated its operating principle. The spectrometer consists of a low-reflectivity Fabry-Perot interferometer and a partially transparent photodetector, which allows for the operation of the spectrometer in transmission. By changing the distance between the low-reflectivity mirrors of the Fabry-Perot interferometer, the light intensity that reaches the partially transparent photodetector is modulated and the spectral information of the incident light is determined by the Fourier transform of the generated photocurrent. This transparent Fourier transform spectrometer allows easy miniaturization and integration into any kind of optical system.
Area of ischemia assessed by physicians and software packages from myocardial perfusion scintigrams (2014)

There was large variability in the estimated ischemic defect size obtained both from different physicians and from different software packages. When the physicians were provided with a suggested delineation, the inter-observer variability decreased significantly.
Electrical Stability Impact of Gate Oxide in Channel Implanted SiC NMOS and PMOS Transistors (2017)

Operation of SiC MOSFETs beyond 300°C opens up opportunities for a wide range of CMOS based digital and analogue applications. However the majority of the literature focuses only on the optimization of a single type of MOS device (either PMOS or more commonly NMOS) and there is a lack of a comprehensive study describing the challenge of optimizing CMOS devices. This study reports on the impact of gate oxide performance in channel implanted SiC on the electrical stability for both NMOS and PMOS capacitors and transistors. Parameters including interface state density ( D it ), flatband voltage ( V FB ), threshold voltage ( V TH ) and effective charge ( N EFF ) have been acquired from C-V characteristics to assess the effectiveness of the fabrication process in realising high quality gate dielectrics. The performance of SiC based CMOS transistors were analyzed by correlating the characteristics of the MOS interface properties, the MOSFET 1/f noise performance and transistor on-state stability at 300°C. The observed instability of PMOS devices is more significant than in equivalent NMOS devices. The results from MOS capacitors comprising interface state density ( D it ), flatband voltage ( V FB ), threshold voltage ( V TH ) for both N and P MOS are in agreement with the expected characteristics of the respective transistors.
Theoretical Study on the Molecular and Dissociative Adsorptions of H2 on a ZrO2 Surface (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTheoretical Study on the Molecular and Dissociative Adsorptions of H2 on a ZrO2 SurfaceH. Nakatsuji, M. Hada, H. Ogawa, K. Nagata, and K. DomenCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 46, 11840–11845Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100097a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100097a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views282Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Thermophysical Properties of Biporous Heat Pipe Evaporators (2008)

Thirty biporous slugs with 3 different cluster diameters and 5 different particle diameters (15 combinations with 2 repetitions) and 12 monoporous slugs with 6 different particle diameters were sintered from spherical copper powder, and thermophysical properties were measured. The neck size ratio for all the particles was approximately 0.4. The porosity of monoporous samples was found to be independent of particle diameter and was equal to 0.28, and the porosity of biporous samples was found to be independent of cluster and particle diameters, and was equal to 0.64. The liquid permeability and maximum capillary pressure of small pores were found to be a linear function of the particle diameter. Similarly, vapor permeability was found to be a linear function of the cluster diameter. The thermal conductivity of monoporous samples was measured to be 142±3W∕mK at 42±2°C, and it was independent of particle diameter. The thermal conductivity of biporous samples was found to be a function of cluster to particle diameter ratio.
Les endoprothèses actives : succès de mode ou véritable révolution ? (2002)

Par chance, le premier patient dilate par Andreas Gruentzig, il y a juste 25 ans, n'avait pas eu de restenose et c'est sans doute ce qui a permis le veritable « demarrage » de cette nouvelle technique de revascularisation myocardique. Pourtant, des les tous debuts de l'angioplastie, la restenose a constitue le point sensible de cette technique. Au fil des annees, les essais cliniques testant une variete considerable de medicaments se sont succede, pour aboutir toujours au meme constat d'echec. A l'inverse, l'utilisation des stents a bouleverse la pratique de l'angioplastie et s'est accompagnee d'une reelle baisse du taux des restenoses, mais le probleme persiste neanmoins pour 20 a 25 % des patients ainsi traites. Plus recemment, la curietherapie endocoronaire a permis de reduire le risque de recidive chez des patients ayant developpe une restenose intra-stent, mais cette technique, relativement lourde a mettre en œuvre, a suscite des inquietudes legitimes sur le devenir a long terme des vaisseaux traites.
Lifetime of Molecule-Atom Mixtures near a Feshbach Resonance in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">K</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">40</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math> (2004)

We report a dramatic magnetic-field dependence in the lifetime of trapped, ultracold diatomic molecules created through an s-wave Feshbach resonance between fermionic atoms. The molecule lifetime increases from less than 1 ms away from the Feshbach resonance to greater than 100 ms near resonance. We also have measured the trapped atom lifetime as a function of magnetic field near the Feshbach resonance; we find that the atom loss is more pronounced on the side of the resonance containing the molecular bound state.
Thirty-Day Outcomes After Craniotomy for Primary Malignant Brain Tumors (2018)

This study provides a descriptive analysis and identifies predictors for short-term complications, including death, after craniotomy for primary malignant brain tumors.
The Stereochemistry of Pyridoxal Phosphate Enzymes (1973)

Abstract Serine hydroxymethylase catalyzes the reversible cleavage of several β-hydroxy-α-amino acids to glycine and the appropriate aldehyde. With d-alanine as substrate, the α-hydrogen is labilized and a slow transamination to pyruvate and the pyridoxamine phosphate enzyme occurs. The absolute stereochemistry of this transamination has been determined by using pyridoxamine pyruvate transaminase to analyze the pyridoxamine phosphate product of the serine hydroxymethylase transamination. These two enzymes were found to protonate the cofactor C'4 from the same face. Thus, all five pyridoxal phosphate enzymes so far examined show the same absolute stereochemistry of cofactor protonation, adding the proton from the si face of C'4, so that the labile proton occupies the pro-S position of the pyridoxamine methylene group.
Elaboration of drug nanocarriers based on a glucosamine labeled amphiphilic polymer (2014)

A new amphiphilic polymer was successfully synthesized using a metal free synthetic strategy for the elaboration of glucosamine labeled drug carriers.
Omenn syndrome associated with a functional reversion due to a somatic second-site mutation in CARD11 deficiency (2015)

Omenn syndrome (OS) is a severe immunodeficiency associated with erythroderma, lymphoproliferation, elevated IgE, and hyperactive oligoclonal T cells. A restricted T-cell repertoire caused by defective thymic T-cell development and selection, lymphopenia with homeostatic proliferation, and lack of regulatory T cells are considered key factors in OS pathogenesis. We report 2 siblings presenting with cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Pneumocystis jirovecii infections and recurrent sepsis; one developed all clinical features of OS. Both carried homozygous germline mutations in CARD11 (p.Cys150*), impairing NF-κB signaling and IL-2 production. A somatic second-site mutation reverting the stop codon to a missense mutation (p.Cys150Leu) was detected in tissue-infiltrating T cells of the OS patient. Expression of p.Cys150Leu in CARD11-deficient T cells largely reconstituted NF-κB signaling. The reversion likely occurred in a prethymic T-cell precursor, leading to a chimeric T-cell repertoire. We speculate that in our patient the functional advantage of the revertant T cells in the context of persistent CMV infection, combined with lack of regulatory T cells, may have been sufficient to favor OS. This first observation of OS in a patient with a T-cell activation defect suggests that severely defective T-cell development or homeostatic proliferation in a lymphopenic environment are not required for this severe immunopathology.
Compact fluorescent lamps (1993)

Although it had been discussed in principle over a long period, it was only after rare earth phosphors had been developed that small fluorescent lamps with high power loading and high brightness became available. In the early 1980s, a concept for reducing mercury pressure by a lamp design with a geometric ‘cold spot’ was introduced, thus allowing the lamp to work at its optimum efficacy. With geometries similar to the incandescent bulb, and being produced when there was a high demand for energy conservation, these lamps boomed especially in connection with, mostly electronic, integral ballasts, thus being applicable in almost any incandescent fixture. Giving new impetus to luminaire design, today this new lamp family also covers lighting applications which, for a long time, were restricted to ‘normal’, double-capped fluorescent lamps.