gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Morphological characterization and genetic diversity analysis of Tunisian durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) accessions (2021)

Overall, this study demonstrates the genetic richness of local durum wheat germplasm for better in situ and ex situ conservation and for the subsequent use of these accessions in wheat breeding programs.
Identity by Descent: Variation in Meiosis, Across Genomes, and in Populations (2013)

Gene identity by descent (IBD) is a fundamental concept that underlies genetically mediated similarities among relatives. Gene IBD is traced through ancestral meioses and is defined relative to founders of a pedigree, or to some time point or mutational origin in the coalescent of a set of extant genes in a population. The random process underlying changes in the patterns of IBD across the genome is recombination, so the natural context for defining IBD is the ancestral recombination graph (ARG), which specifies the complete ancestry of a collection of chromosomes. The ARG determines both the sequence of coalescent ancestries across the chromosome and the extant segments of DNA descending unbroken by recombination from their most recent common ancestor (MRCA). DNA segments IBD from a recent common ancestor have high probability of being of the same allelic type. Non-IBD DNA is modeled as of independent allelic type, but the population frame of reference for defining allelic independence can vary. Whether of IBD, allelic similarity, or phenotypic covariance, comparisons may be made to other genomic regions of the same gametes, or to the same genomic regions in other sets of gametes or diploid individuals. In this review, I present IBD as the framework connecting evolutionary and coalescent theory with the analysis of genetic data observed on individuals. I focus on the high variance of the processes that determine IBD, its changes across the genome, and its impact on observable data.
Study on color image processing based intelligent fruit sorting system (2004)

A machine vision system that can be used for automatic high-speed fruit sorting is proposed. Fruit area was first segmented out from image with an Ohta-color-space based thresholding algorithm; blob algorithm was utilized to remove noises in image; spline-interpolation based algorithm was adopted to detect fruit contour. In fruit sorting process, fruit's color ratio, which was calculated with HSI color space, was selected as classification feature. Fruit sorting was realized by classic Bayes classifier, whose parameters were obtained by a study module. This system was tested with Crystal Fuji apples, and an average sorting accuracy of 90% was achieved.
Retooling the basics. (1999)

Spending on staff training in health care lags behind other fields, but several hospitals are getting ahead of the curve with innovative programs. They're offering classes to department managers, clinicians, even housekeeping staff. "Before, we were considered managers without brains," says the education coordinator at one hospital. "Now you have ownership, responsibility, and authority. The morale at the hospital is the best it's ever been."
On visual cryptography schemes (2002)

We consider visual cryptography schemes in which two pixels combine in an arbitrary way. We analyze the pixel expansion and the contrast of (2,n)-threshold visual cryptography schemes, that is schemes in which any pair of n shares can visually reconstruct the secret image, but any single share has no information on the secret image.
The Gothic Cathedral (1968)

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The relevancy of environmental parameter space for electrical insulation design in aerospace vehicles (2004)

As mission scenarios expand and flight profiles change, both military and commercial aerospace vehicles will be required to operate in a broader range of environments than current flight vehicles. This implies the need for increased reliability across a wide range of environmental conditions, i.e., environmental parameter space. A critical element to the overall operational capability of the vehicle is the reliability of the electrical systems onboard. In the case of electrical systems insulation, both reliability and lifetime can depend on addressing the relevant environmental issues in the design phase, to minimize or eliminate the degrading effects of corona or gas volume breakdown that can lead to insulation system failures. This paper presents the results from a recent study initiated by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). The study was conducted to determine the shortcomings of electrical insulation systems and design guides that, if not properly accounted for, may result in breakdowns or discharges leading to compromised or aborted missions due to premature electrical failures
A Cache Based Session Setup Mechanism for IMS (2008)

This paper improves the IMS basic session setup mechanism, and proposes a novel session setup mechanism based on caching. An analytical model is established and the cost function and mean time delay function are presented based on the model. Moreover, the performance of this mechanism is evaluated over the basic session setup mechanism and the outcomes show that the novel mechanism gets the benefit in cost and time delay.
Ubiquitous and Secure Certificate Service for Mobile Ad Hoc Network (2008)

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is suitable for providing a communication platform for resource sharing or instant messaging to people in public places where no communication infrastructure exists. Like many other applications of MANET, the application over the communication platform has non-trivial security requirements due to the unique features of MANET (e.g. the open nature of wireless links and absence of security infrastructure). As the basis of almost all security services, key management is essential for securing the applications. In this paper, we first propose a certificate-based key management scheme, the ubiquitous and secure certificate service (USCS) for MANET based on the fully distributed certificate authority (FDCA) approach. Compared with FDCA, the proposed USCS is more secure, however, the availability of the basic scheme is sacrificed to some extent. Therefore, an optimized USCS scheme is further proposed for our scenario. Through analysis and simulation, we show that the optimized USCS scheme not only can address the security issue, but also have availability as high as the FDCA approach in our scenario.
Feather pecking behaviour in White Leghorns, a genetic study (1997)

1. Genetic variables of feather pecking (FP) behaviour in a 1993 commercial pure line of White Leghorns were estimated at the age of 6, 38 and 69 weeks. 2. Heritability estimates of performing FP were 0.05 +/- 0.06, 0.14* +/- 0.07 and 0.38** +/- 0.12 for 6, 38 and 69 weeks respectively for sum of pecks (PECKS) and 0.13* +/- 0.07, 0.13* +/- 0.07 and 0.35** +/- 0.12 for sum of bouts (BOUTS). 3. Heritability estimates of receiving FP were not significantly different from 0 except at 6 weeks (0.15* +/- 0.07 and the average of the 3 age classes (AVG) (0.22** +/- 0.09) for PECKS and at 6 weeks (0.15* +/- 0.07) using BOUTS. 4. Genetic correlations of performing FP among age classes were in general high and significant. This was not the case with receiving FP. 5. Plumage cover at 51 weeks had a negative genetic correlation with performing FP at 69 weeks and AVG, but not with receiving FP. No phenotypic correlations were significant between plumage and FP. 6. Body weight at 51 weeks had a negative genetic correlation with performing FP at AVG. 7. Heritability estimates for performing and receiving FP at 6 weeks correspond to those in the literature. No estimates have previously been reported on feather pecking at 38 weeks or 69 weeks. 8. Selection of birds with no or a very low tendency to perform feather pecking should, on the basis of our results, be feasible.
High-Throughput Polymerase Chain Reaction in Parallel Circular Loops Using Magnetic Actuation (2008)

We report here a novel multichannel closed-loop magnetically actuated microchip for high-throughput polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This is achieved by designing a series of concentric circular channels on one microchip and exploiting a magnetic force to drive DNA samples flowing continuously through the closed loops. The magnetic force arises from an external permanent magnet through ferrofluid plugs inside the microchannels. The magnet enables simultaneous actuation of DNA samples in all the channels. As the samples go around the loops, they pass through three preset temperature zones. Parameters of PCR, such as incubation time, temperatures, and number of cycles, can be fully controlled and adjusted. High reproducibility was achieved for different channels in the same run and for the same channels in consecutive runs. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) were amplified simultaneously using the developed device. This simple, reliable, and high-throughput PCR microchip would find wide applications in forensic, clinical, and biological fields.
Pioneers assess the role Java can play in health care. (1998)

Since Sun Microsystems Inc. introduced Java in 1995, the new object-oriented programming language has attracted a great deal of attention. While many CIOs continue to sort the hype from the substance, a handful of health care organizations are deploying Java-based applications.
Detection and Analysis of Online Extremist Communities (2017)

Online social networks have become a powerful venue for political activism. In many cases large, insular online communities form that have been shown to be powerful diffusion mechanisms of both misinformation and propaganda. In some cases these groups users advocate actions or policies that could be construed as extreme along nearly any distribution of opinion, and are thus called Online Extremist Communities (OECs). Although these communities appear increasingly common, little is known about how these groups form or the methods used to influence them. The work in this thesis provides researchers a methodological framework to study these groups by answering three critical research questions: How can we detect large dynamic online activist or extremist communities? What automated tools are used to build, isolate, and influence these communities? What methods can be used to gain novel insight into large online activist or extremist communities? These group members social ties can be inferred based on the various affordances offered by OSNs for group curation. By developing heterogeneous, annotated graph representations of user behavior I can efficiently extract online activist discussion cores using an ensemble of unsupervised machine learning methods. I call this technique Ensemble Agreement Clustering. Through manual inspection, these discussion cores can then often be used as training data to detect the larger community. I present a novel supervised learning algorithm called Multiplex Vertex Classification for network bipartition on heterogeneous, annotated graphs. This methodological pipeline has also proven useful for social botnet detection, and a study of large, complex social botnets used for propaganda dissemination is provided as well. Throughout this thesis I provide Twitter case studies including communities focused on the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), the ongoing Syrian Revolution, the Euromaidan Movement in Ukraine, as well as the alt-Right.
Methods for simulation of reflection and crosstalk effects on printed circuit boards (1994)

Three simulation tools (FREACS, CROSS, and SPICE), which are designed or extended to compute the signal propagation on transmission line structures on printed circuit boards, are discussed and compared. The implemented algorithms and the related basic assumptions, the transmission line models, and the termination models are explained. The applicability of the simulators is discussed by comparing precision and runtime using examples from practice.
College Law: 1970-1971 (1971)

The evolution and development of college law has continued to accelerate during the past year. Perhaps the best indication of the topics of direct and current concern to those practicing in this area of legal specialization is the agenda of the June 1970 meeting of the NACUA. With few exceptions, the papers presented emphasized the problem of order on the campus and the role of the judiciary in its preservation.
Hemoglobin switching and modulation: genes, cells, and signals (2002)

A detailed understanding of hemoglobin production in erythroid cells is of fundamental clinical importance for the treatment of hemoglobinopathies. Several hundred scientific reports and dozens of reviews describe this intriguing topic of research. Early studies demonstrated the temporal nature of a hemoglobin-switching phenomenon during development in the circulating erythrocytes of humans. The focus then shifted from descriptive to experimental analyses and model systems in an effort to define the switching mechanisms. The application of molecular biology in those experimental models has been a primary focus for the last two decades. Today, advances in the fields of stem cell biology and signal transduction are being integrated with those genetic studies. Genomic and proteomic approaches are also being developed to provide a more robust description of the biologic variables involved. This review highlights recent advances in erythroid genetics and cellular biology with an emphasis upon the modulation of fetal hemoglobin expression during the maturation of adult human erythrocytes.
Reconciling deep learning with symbolic artificial intelligence: representing objects and relations (2019)

In the history of the quest for human-level artificial intelligence, a number of rival paradigms have vied for supremacy. Symbolic artificial intelligence was dominant for much of the 20th century, but currently a connectionist paradigm is in the ascendant, namely machine learning with deep neural networks. However, both paradigms have strengths and weaknesses, and a significant challenge for the field today is to effect a reconciliation. A central tenet of the symbolic paradigm is that intelligence results from the manipulation of abstract compositional representations whose elements stand for objects and relations. If this is correct, then a key objective for deep learning is to develop architectures capable of discovering objects and relations in raw data, and learning how to represent them in ways that are useful for downstream processing. This short review highlights recent progress in this direction.
The curious case of aging plasticity in honey bees (2010)

As in all advanced insect societies, colony-organization in honey bees emerges through a structured division of labor between essentially sterile helpers called workers. Worker bees are sisters that conduct all social tasks except for egg-laying, for example nursing brood and foraging for food. Curiously, aging progresses slowly in workers that engage in nursing and even slower when bees postpone nursing during unfavorable periods. We, therefore, seek to understand how senescence can emerge as a function of social task performance. The alternative utilization of a common yolk precursor protein (vitellogenin) in nursing and somatic maintenance can link behavior and aging plasticity in worker bees. Beneficial effects of vitellogenin may also be mediated by inhibitory action on juvenile hormone and insulin-like signaling.
Digestibility and bulking effect of ispaghula husks in healthy humans (1994)

The digestibility of ispaghula, a mucilage from Plantago ovata composed mainly of arabinoxylans, and its faecal bulking effect were studied in seven healthy volunteers who ingested a low fibre controlled diet plus either placebo or 18 g/day of ispaghula for two 15 day periods. Whole gut transit time and gas excretion in breath and flatus were not different during the periods of ispaghula and placebo ingestion. Faecal wet and dry weights rose significantly, however, during ispaghula ingestion. Faecal short chain fatty acid concentrations and the molar proportions of propionic and acetic acids also increased. Most of the ispaghula had reached the caecum four hours after ingestion in an intact highly polymerised form. During ispaghula ingestion, the increase in the faecal output of neutral sugars was accounted for by the faecal excretion of arabinose and xylose in an intact highly polymerised form; the apparent digestibilities of these sugars were 24 (11) and 53% (6) respectively (mean (SEM)). In conclusion, ispaghula is more resistant to fermentation than previously reported in humans, and its bulking effect largely results from intact material.
Meteorology section considers new name (1981)

The AGU Meteorology Section business meeting was held at the Jack Tar Hotel, December 9, during the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco. The principal item discussed at the half‐hour meeting was the proposal made by several members that consideration be given to renaming the section ‘Atmospheric Science.’ The members present felt the proposed name would better serve the strong physical, chemical, and electrical constituencies now in the Meteorology Section. There was also some indication that those now in the SPR: Aeronomy Section would be interested in joining a revamped Atmospheric Science Section.
Initializing control charts in a startup environment with pre-control concepts (2002)

The application of control charts is always cumbersome because the initial limits for the charts are somewhat subjective. Combined with these initialization demands are products with short life cycles in manufacturing environments operating under startup conditions. The reason for some of the implementation difficulty is the cycle of control chart application. The challenge is to break the cycle (or circle) and establish a starting point.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On argumentation in Old English philology, with particular reference to the editing and dating of <i>Beowulf</i> (2003)

If poststructuralist literary and cultural theory does not pervade Anglo-Saxon literary studies as thoroughly as it does scholarship in later periods, as it has sometimes been said, to a considerable extent the cause is surely the field's dependence on philology. Some see this as cause for regret. It may be, however, that philology is the field's greatest asset. Given the high value that recent literary studies accord textual alterity, Old English texts are of unparalleled worth in the English canon, since they are culturally the most removed. Philology is the set of protocols designed to mediate the cultural difference, making the language accessible and putting texts into a form that modern readers can comprehend. In making Old English studies resistant to the homogenization of critical methods apparent in later periods, philology perhaps represents the respect in which this field has most to offer literary studies at large, embodying a methodology for dealing with texts of a high degree of alterity.
An advanced computational method for radiation and scattering of acoustic waves in three dimensions (1985)

The method proposed in this paper provides a computational method for implementing the Helmholtz integral formula for acoustic radiation and scattering problems associated with arbitrary shaped three-dimensional bodies. In particular an isoparametric element formulation is used in which both the surface geometry and the acoustic variables on the surface of the body are represented by second-order shape functions within the local coordinate system. A general formula for the surface velocity potential and the exterior field is derived. This result is applicable to nonsmooth bodies, i.e., it includes the case where the surface may have a nonunique normal (e.g., at the edge of a cube). Test cases are shown involving spherical, cylindrical, and cubical geometry.
Influenza Vaccination and Warfarin Anticoagulation: A Comparison of Subcutaneous and Intramuscular Routes of Administration in Elderly Men (1998)

Elderly individuals are able to mount an immune response to influenza vaccine and produce antibody concentrations deemed protective. The routes of administration are similarly effective at inducing an immune response. The intramuscular route in anticoagulated elderly men does not commonly result in local bleeding complications.
Whispering-Gallery Modes of Dielectric Structures: Applications to Millimeter-Wave Bandstop Filters (1987)

The purpose of this paper is to show the feasibility of millimeter-wave resonators utilizing whispering-gallery (WG) modes excited in planar and cylindrical dielectric structures. Measured resonant frequencies and quality factors in Ka- and W-bands are reported. Their applications to millimeter-wave integrated circuits are also dealt with. For this, a bandstop filter obtained by coupling two WG-mode dielectric resonators to a dielectric image guide is presented at about 35 GHz.
AT-rich region and repeated sequences – the essential elements of replication origins of bacterial replicons (2011)

Repeated sequences are commonly present in the sites for DNA replication initiation in bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic replicons. Those motifs are usually the binding places for replication initiation proteins or replication regulatory factors. In prokaryotic replication origins, the most abundant repeated sequences are DnaA boxes which are the binding sites for chromosomal replication initiation protein DnaA, iterons which bind plasmid or phage DNA replication initiators, defined motifs for site-specific DNA methylation, and 13-nucleotide-long motifs of a not too well-characterized function, which are present within a specific region of replication origin containing higher than average content of adenine and thymine residues. In this review, we specify methods allowing identification of a replication origin, basing on the localization of an AT-rich region and the arrangement of the origin's structural elements. We describe the regularity of the position and structure of the AT-rich regions in bacterial chromosomes and plasmids. The importance of 13-nucleotide-long repeats present at the AT-rich region, as well as other motifs overlapping them, was pointed out to be essential for DNA replication initiation including origin opening, helicase loading and replication complex assembly. We also summarize the role of AT-rich region repeated sequences for DNA replication regulation.
Molecular and morphological data confirmed the presence of the rare species Mattirolomyces terfezioides in China (2016)

Although the species <i>Mattirolomyces terfezioides</i> (≡ <i>Terfezia terfezioides</i>) has been recorded from China several times but it is really rare taxon with important ecological and economic value, the conspecificity with European material has never been tested by molecular data. We re-examined three specimens labelled as <i>T. terfezioides</i>, one as <i>T. leonis</i> and one as <i>Terfezia</i> sp. in the herbarium HMAS and obtained five ITS and three LSU sequences. Our morphological observation and DNA sequences show that one specimen (HMAS 83766) labelled as <i>M. terfezioides</i> turns out to be <i>Choiromyces</i> sp. and the other four are <i>M. terfezioides</i>. The ITS and (or) LSU sequences of the Chinese samples are identical with or with 99% similarity to those from the European samples, which fully confirms the presence of <i>M. terfezioides</i> in China. The species is currently known from northern China (Hebei Province, Beijing and Shanxi Province). This study shows that <i>M. terfezioides</i> has a Euroasia distribution other than European endemism and such distribution might be explained by the co-occurrence with the potential host tree <i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i>.