gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Melatonin neutralizes neurotoxicity induced by quinolinic acid in brain tissue culture (2005)

Quinolinic acid is a well-known excitotoxin that induces oxidative stress and damage. In the present study, oxidative damage to biomolecules was followed by measuring lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl formation in rat brain tissue culture over a period of 24 hr of exposure to this prooxidant agent at a concentration of 0.5 mm. Quinolinic acid enhanced lipid peroxidation in an early stage of tissue culture, and protein carbonyl at a later stage. These data confirm and extend previous studies demonstrating that quinolinic acid can induce significant oxidative damage. Melatonin, an antioxidant and neuroprotective agent with multiple actions as a radical scavenger and signaling molecule, completely prevented these prooxidant actions of quinolinic acid at a concentration of 1 mm. Morphological lesions and neurotoxicity induced by quinolinic acid were evaluated by light microscopy. Quinolinic acid produced extensive apoptosis/necrosis which was significantly attenuated by melatonin. Cotreatment with melatonin exerted a profound protective effect antagonizing the neurotoxicity induced by quinolinic acid. Glutathione reductase and catalase activities were increased by quinolinic acid and these effects were antagonized by melatonin. Furthermore, melatonin induced superoxide dismutase activity. Quinolinic acid and melatonin acted independently and by different mechanisms in modulating antioxidant enzyme activities. Our findings using quinolinic acid and melatonin clearly demonstrate that such changes should always be seen in the context of oxidative neurotoxicity and antioxidant neuroprotection.
Predicting recovery in acute poststroke aphasia (2018)

Lesion load in left pSTG and SLF/AF at onset predicts later naming performance. Although based on a small number of patients, our preliminary results suggest outcome might be modulated by SSRIs, but these associations need to be confirmed in a larger randomized controlled trial. Ann Neurol 2018;83:612-622.
Co-Production of Ethanol and 1,2-Propanediol via Glycerol Hydrogenolysis Using Ni/Ce–Mg Catalysts: Effects of Catalyst Preparation and Reaction Conditions (2017)

Crude glycerol from biodiesel production is a biobased material capable of co-producing biofuels and chemicals. This study aimed to develop a line of Ni catalysts supported on cerium–magnesium (Ce–Mg) to improve the process efficiency of glycerol hydrogenolysis for ethanol and 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO). Results showed that catalytic activity was greatly improved by changing the preparation method from impregnation to deposition precipitation (DP), and by adjusting calcination temperatures. Prepared via DP, the catalysts of 25 wt % Ni supported on Ce–Mg (9:1 mol/mol) greatly improved the effectiveness in glycerol conversion while maintaining the selectivities to ethanol and 1,2-PDO. Calcination at 350 °C provided the catalysts better selectivities of 15.61% to ethanol and 67.93% to 1,2-PDO. Increases in reaction temperature and time improved the conversion of glycerol and the selectivity to ethanol, but reduced the selectivity to 1,2-PDO. A lower initial water content led to a higher conversion of glycerol, but lower selectivities to ethanol and 1,2-PDO. Higher hydrogen application affected the glycerol conversion rate positively, but the selectivities to ethanol and 1,2-PDO negatively. A comparison to the commercial Raney® Ni catalyst showed that the Ni/Ce–Mg catalyst developed in this study showed a better potential for the selective co-production of ethanol and 1,2-PDO from glycerol hydrogenolysis.
Instrumentation applications to Space Shuttle models and thermal protection system tiles tested in NASA-AMES wind tunnels (1981)

The highlights of the many wind-tunnel tests conducted in the course of the Space Shuttle development program are presented with emphasis on instrumentation applications. The examples of tests discussed include airframe aerodynamics, aerodynamic heating, aerodynamic noise, tile dynamic response, and tile loads. Many of the tests were conducted with standard wind-tunnel instrumentation. Most of the more unusual instrumentation requirements were related to the thermal protection system, where some pressure-sensor concepts were adapted to measure airloads on tiles. These measurements provided the only quantitative data that could be used to confirm the airload analysis procedure. Limited applications of computers to experimental control, in conjunction with data taken during Shuttle tests, have resulted in substantial benefits in overall test efficiency.
Inter- and extrapolation of correction coefficients in dynamic image rectification (2002)

High level angiographic image analyses systems like those for 3-D reconstruction of entire vascular trees require proper corrections of geometric image distortions. Due to the fact that distortion patterns are not static, a dynamic image rectification method has to be applied for each different angulation. The authors aimed to avoid major impairment of the clinical routine, using minimal information as reference only. Since the coefficients of the correction polynomial highly correlate with the basic image rotation, the authors' method reliably eliminates geometric distortions even for intermediate angulations without the need of separate grid imaging.
A 200 MHz, 300 ° gallium arsenide MIS transistor (1967)

This paper discusses R&D work performed on gallium arsenide insulated gate field effect transistors directed toward the development of a 200 MHz amplifier. Results on planar type diffused channel devices using deposited silicon dioxides as gate insulator are briefly discussed and restrictions on device performance are analyzed. Investigation of other possible insulators revealed that silicon nitride films show a wastly improved capacitance-voltage response over silicon dioxide films on GaAs.
Parametric Phenomena in Physics (1971)

Parametric excitation of a resonant system is a self-excitation caused by a periodic variation of some parameter of the system. A brief history of parametric phenomena is given from Faraday and Lord Rayleigh through modern day physics. The general characteristics of “parametric generators” are viewed through a specific example from acoustics, which is treated in detail.
Structural and magnetic properties of an InGaAs/Fe<sub>3</sub>Si superlattice in cylindrical geometry (2008)

The structure and magnetic properties of an InGaAs/Fe(3)Si superlattice in a cylindrical geometry are investigated by electron microscopy techniques, x-ray diffraction and magnetometry. To form a radial superlattice, a pseudomorphic InGaAs/Fe(3)Si bilayer has been released from its substrate self-forming into rolled-up microtubes. Oxide-free interfaces as well as areas of crystalline bonding are observed and an overall lattice mismatch between succeeding layers is determined. The cylindrical symmetry of the final radial superlattice shows a significant effect on the magnetization behavior of the rolled-up layers.
Safety of oligonol, a highly bioavailable lychee-derived polyphenolic antioxidant, on liver, kidney and heart function in rats (2012)

Oligonol (OLG), derived from lychee fruit, is a novel compound produced from the oligomerization of polyphenols. In this study, the acute effect of OLG treatment was investigated on heart, liver and kidney in rats. OLG treatment at two different doses (15 or 30 mg/kg body weight) and two different time points (1 day or 7 days of treatment) demonstrated that no toxic effects were observed on heart, liver and renal functions. Moreover, OLG did not induce any DNA damage or oxidative stress as measured by 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in plasma. OLG supplementation increased the phosphorylation of myocardial endothelial nitric oxide (NO) level (p-eNOS) in both the treatment groups. Even the low dose OLG treatment (15mg/kg b.w) demonstrated an increase in p-eNOS/eNOS ratio after normalization of p-eNOS values with eNOS on day 1 (1.5-fold) and day 7 (2.2-fold) groups as compared to control. The above results suggest that OLG treatment increases endothelial NO levels and may play a role in NO-mediated vasodilatory effects without adverse side effects on cardiovascular function. This endothelial NO production may underlie the beneficial effect of OLG in cardiovascular health.
Bottleneck ANN: Dealing with small amount of data in shift-MLLR adaptation (2012)

The aim of this work is to propose a refinement of the shift-MLLR (shift Maximum Likelihood Linear Regression) adaptation of an acoustics model in the case of limited amount of adaptation data, which can lead to ill-conditioned transformations matrices. We try to suppress the influence of badly estimated transformation parameters utilizing the bottleneck Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The ill-conditioned shift-MLLR transformation is propagated through a bottleneck ANN (suitably trained beforehand), and the output of the net is used as the new refined transformation. To train the ANN the well and the badly conditioned shift-MLLR transformations are used as outputs and inputs of ANN, respectively.
Modeling Local Structural Rearrangements Using FEP/REST: Application to Relative Binding Affinity Predictions of CDK2 Inhibitors (2013)

Accurate and reliable calculation of protein-ligand binding affinities remains a hotbed of computer-aided drug design research. Despite the potentially large impact FEP (free energy perturbation) may have in drug design projects, practical applications of FEP in industrial contexts have been limited. In this work, we use a recently developed method, FEP/REST (free energy perturbation/replica exchange with solute tempering), to calculate the relative binding affinities for a set of congeneric ligands binding to the CDK2 receptor. We compare the FEP/REST results with traditional FEP/MD (molecular dynamics) results and MM/GBSA (molecular mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area model) results and examine why FEP/REST performed notably better than these other methods, as well as why certain ligand mutations lead to large increases of the binding affinity while others do not. We also introduce a mathematical framework for assessing the consistency and reliability of the calculations using cycle closures in FEP mutation paths.
Development of novel LOXL1 genotyping method and evaluation of LOXL1, APOE and MTHFR polymorphisms in exfoliation syndrome/glaucoma in a Greek population. (2013)

We confirmed the association between LOXL1 and XFS/XFG, but the APOE and MTHFR polymorphisms are not significant risk factors for the development of XFS/XFG in our population of patients from Epirus (Greece).
Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Restores Mineralization in Glucocorticoid-Inhibited MC3T3-E1 Osteoblast Cultures (2003)

Suppression of BMP-2 gene expression plays a pivotal role in GC inhibition of osteoblast differentiation. However, the inability of rhBMP-2 to rescue the entire osteoblast phenotype suggests BMP-2-independent inhibitory effects of CCs. BMP-2 exerts both positive and negative effects on osteoblasts, possibly depending on the differentiation stage and/or the existing BMP signaling.
Morphinan derivatives--A review of the recent patent literature. (2003)

Alkaloids extracted from the Papaverum somniferum are among the most powerfully acting and clinically used drugs for diseases of the central nervous system, in particular for pain. The basic ring system, common to these opiate alkaloids, is the morphinan skeleton, which in the last 50 years has been chemically manipulated to obtain compounds with improved potency and increased selectivity toward different populations of opioid receptors. Despite a huge amount of research, interest surrounding these compounds is still high. This review will discuss the patent applications published from January 2001 to June 2002, focusing on new chemical entities that could become drugs over the next few years, new chemical processes for the production of the morphinans currently used in therapy, novel formulations and combined compositions.
Hydration characteristics of lithium, zinc, potassium and sodium salts (2013)

International audience
DPYD*6 plays an important role in fluoropyrimidine toxicity in addition to DPYD*2A and c.2846A>T: a comprehensive analysis in 1254 patients (2019)

Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) is a highly polymorphic gene and classic deficient variants (i.e., c.1236G>A/HapB3, c.1679T>G, c.1905+1G>A and c.2846A>T) are characterized by impaired enzyme activity and risk of severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients treated with fluoropyrimidines. The identification of poor metabolizers by pre-emptive DPYD screening may reduce the rate of ADRs but many patients with wild-type genotype for classic variants may still display ADRs. Therefore, the search for additional DPYD polymorphisms associated with ADRs may improve the safety of treatment with fluoropyrimidines. This study included 1254 patients treated with fluoropyrimidine-containing regimens and divided into cohort 1, which included 982 subjects suffering from gastrointestinal G≥2 and/or hematological G≥3 ADRs, and cohort 2 (control group), which comprised 272 subjects not requiring dose reduction, delay or discontinuation of treatment. Both groups were screened for DPYD variants c.496A>G, c.1236G>A/HapB3, c.1601G>A (DPYD*4), c.1627A>G (DPYD*5), c.1679T>G (DPYD*13), c.1896T>C, c.1905 + 1G>A (DPYD*2A), c.2194G>A (DPYD*6), and c.2846A>T to assess their association with toxicity. Genetic analysis in the two cohorts were done by Real-Time PCR of DNA extracted from 3 ml of whole blood. DPYD c.496A>G, c.1601G>A, c.1627A>G, c.1896T>C, and c.2194G>A variants were found in both cohort 1 and 2, while c.1905+1G>A and c.2846A>T were present only in cohort 1. DPYD c.1679T>G and c.1236G>A/HapB3 were not found. Univariate analysis allowed the selection of c.1905+1G>A, c.2194G>A and c.2846A>T alleles as significantly associated with gastrointestinal and hematological ADRs (p < 0.05), while the c.496A>G variant showed a positive trend of association with neutropenia (p = 0.06). In conclusion, c.2194G>A is associated with clinically-relevant ADRs in addition to the already known c.1905+1G>A and c.2846A>T variants and should be evaluated pre-emptively to reduce the risk of fluoropyrimidine-associated ADRs.
Degradation des arn messagers et regulation de l'expression genetique : role de l'endoribonuclease regb chez le phage t4 (1993)

Les mecanismes gouvernant la degradation des arnm sont restes longtemps relativement obscurs. Cependant, depuis quelques annees des concepts generaux commencent a emerger, principalement en ce qui concerne les arnm procaryotiques. Cette these etudie le role de l'endoribonuclease regb codee par le bacteriophage t4 infectant e. Coli. Cette rnase a la particularite unique de couper les arnm dans la sequence ggag. Cette sequence est trouvee frequemment dans les sites de fixation des ribosomes procaryotes. Les resultats de la these montrent que la rnase regb a deux fonctions distinctes au cours de l'infection par le phage t4: 1) regb inhibe la traduction d'une classe de genes precoces en coupant directement dans leur site de fixation des ribosomes. Ce mecanisme d'inhibition original permet de limiter la synthese d'un groupe de proteines precoces aux premieres minutes de l'infection. 2) regb facilite la degradation des arnm precoces. Les coupures par regb dans ces arnm permettraient aux rnases de l'hote de les degrader rapidement. La rnase regb ne semble pas agir sur les arnm moyens et tardifs du phage. Ceci suggere que l'activite de la rnase est regulee au cours du developpement viral. Une hypothese possible est que cette regulation se fasse par l'intermediaire d'un couplage entre l'activite de regb et la traduction
CD18 adhesion blockade decreases bacterial clearance and neutrophil recruitment after intrapulmonary <i>E. coli</i>, but not after <i>S. aureus</i> (1997)

Abstract Leukocyte emigration in the lung occurs by both CD18-dependent and -independent mechanisms that are stimulus specific. We examined the effect of CD18 blockade (mAb 60.3) on neutrophil (PMN) emigration into, and bacterial clearance from, the lung. After intravenous treatment with either mAb 60.3 or saline, rabbits were given an intralobar inoculation with 109 colony-forming units of either Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli. Four hours after inoculation, lungs were lavaged to assess PMN emigration. CD18 blockade reduced PMN emigration to E. coli by 76% but only 45% to S. aureus. Experiments to determine bacterial recovery from the lungs at 4, 8, and 24 h after inoculation showed that CD18 blockade impaired the early (4 h) clearance of E. coli but not S. aureus. These findings suggest that PMN emigration to intrapulmonary S. aureus is largely CD18-independent. In contrast, intrapulmonary E. coli elicits CD18-mediated PMN emigration. CD18 blockade results in impaired clearance of E. coli but not S. aureus from the lung.
Binding of XPA and RPA to Damaged DNA Investigated by Fluorescence Anisotropy (2001)

The proteins XPA and RPA are assumed to be involved in primary damage recognition of global genome nucleotide excision repair. XPA as well as RPA have been each reported to specifically bind DNA lesions, and ternary complex formation with damaged DNA has also been shown. We employed fluorescence anisotropy measurements to study the DNA-binding properties of XPA and RPA under true equilibrium conditions using damaged DNA probes carrying a terminal fluorescein modification as a reporter. XPA binds with low affinity and in a strongly salt-dependent manner to DNA containing a 1,3-d(GTG) intrastrand adduct of the anticancer drug cisplatin or a 6-nt mismatch (K(D) = 400 nM) with 3-fold preference for damaged vs undamaged DNA. At near physiological salt conditions binding is very weak (K(D) > 2 microM). RPA binds to damaged DNA probes with dissociation constants in the range of 20 nM and a nearly 15-fold preference over undamaged DNA. The presence of a cisplatin modification weakens the affinity of RPA for single-stranded DNA by more than 1 order of magnitude indicating that binding to the lesion itself is not a driving force in damage recognition. Our fluorescence anisotropy assays also show that the presence of XPA does not enhance the affinity of RPA for damaged DNA although both proteins interact. In contrast, cooperative binding of XPA and RPA is observed in EMSA. Our results point to a damage-sensing function of the XPA-RPA complex with RPA mediating the important DNA contacts.
Changes in plasma levels of gastrointestinal regulatory peptides during hemorrhagic shock in pigs. (1985)

In an experimental study of hemorrhagic shock, systemic and portal plasma levels of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), secretin and insulin were measured with radioimmunoassay methods. Six pigs (30-40 kg) in general anesthesia were submitted to severe hemorrhage (approximately 30% of the blood volume) for 60 min, followed by reinfusion of the shed blood. Aortic blood pressure and cardiac output fell significantly during the shock state and recovered after the infusion. Plasma levels of somatostatin, PP, insulin and secretin rose significantly. The portal levels always presented earlier and greater elevation than did the systemic levels, except as regards secretin. No change was seen in the levels of VIP and GIP.
An ultrasonic motor using a bolt clamped Langevin-type transducer for solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (2016)

In this study, an ultrasonic motor for a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometer has been fabricated and evaluated. In the solid-state NMR spectroscopy, a sample spinning in high magnetic field is an important factor. The motor is composed of non-magnetic materials and consists of a bolt-clamped Langevin-type transducer (BLT) and a rotor. The diameter and the height of the BLT are 6 mm and 16 mm. The decrease of the motor rotation by the magnetic field was not observed. The solid-state NMR spectroscopy of alanine was measured using the motor under the high intense magnetic field of 7 T. We have successfully obtained a signal of alanine.
Combined Liver Resection and Reconstruction of the Supra-Renal Vena Cava (2006)

IVC resection and reconstruction combined with liver resection can be safely performed in selected patients. The lack of alternative treatments and the spontaneous poor prognosis justify this approach, provided that surgery is carried out at a center specialized in both liver surgery and liver transplantation. The development of adjuvant chemotherapy regimens is required to improve the long-term results of this salvage surgery.
Social capital: a framework for innovative learning and teaching? (2015)

We propose that social capital has potential in helping to create dynamic, interested and ‘lean forward’ thinkers in higher education. In the last twenty years the measures used to assess social capital in education have moved beyond achievement and attainment to include aspiration, engagement and motivation . Attendance, behaviour and commitment to education have also been used as successful indicators which suggests that educational innovations that promote these factors will see an increase in the equality of opportunity. For optimum development of social capital, it is proposed that a blend of bonding, bridging and linking connectivity is aspired to and we discuss how learning and teaching innovations at the research site can contribute to developing such connectivity. By creating dynamic collaborative experiences we are not only encouraging the students to take control over their education; we are also creating deep horizontal and vertical ties; in short developing social capital.
Transcriptional and Functional Analysis of Oxalyl-Coenzyme A (CoA) Decarboxylase and Formyl-CoA Transferase Genes from <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> (2006)

Oxalic acid is found in dietary sources (such as coffee, tea, and chocolate) or is produced by the intestinal microflora from metabolic precursors, like ascorbic acid. In the human intestine, oxalate may combine with calcium, sodium, magnesium, or potassium to form less soluble salts, which can cause pathological disorders such as hyperoxaluria, urolithiasis, and renal failure in humans. In this study, an operon containing genes homologous to a formyl coenzyme A transferase gene (frc) and an oxalyl coenzyme A decarboxylase gene (oxc) was identified in the genome of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus. Physiological analysis of a mutant harboring a deleted version of the frc gene confirmed that frc expression specifically improves survival in the presence of oxalic acid at pH 3.5 compared with the survival of the wild-type strain. Moreover, the frc mutant was unable to degrade oxalate. These genes, which have not previously been described in lactobacilli, appear to be responsible for oxalate degradation in this organism. Transcriptional analysis using cDNA microarrays and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR revealed that mildly acidic conditions were a prerequisite for frc and oxc transcription. As a consequence, oxalate-dependent induction of these genes occurred only in cells first adapted to subinhibitory concentrations of oxalate and then exposed to pH 5.5. Where genome information was available, other lactic acid bacteria were screened for frc and oxc genes. With the exception of Lactobacillus gasseri and Bifidobacterium lactis, none of the other strains harbored genes for oxalate utilization.
The case for disappearing cyber security (2018)

A proposal for keeping cyber security both out of sight and out of mind for end users.
Acoustic tests of duct-burning turbofan jet noise simulation: Comprehensive data report. Volume 2: Model design and aerodynamic test results (1978)

The selection procedure is described which was used to arrive at the configurations tested, and the performance characteristics of the test nozzles are given.
The Ability of Hematologic Parameters in Prediction of Heterozygote of Severe Type of α-Thalassemia (α-Thalassemia 1): Preliminary Study (2015)

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