gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Preparation of highly and generally enriched mammalian tissues for solid state NMR (2015)

An appreciable level of isotope labelling is essential for future NMR structure elucidation of mammalian biomaterials, which are either poorly expressed, or unexpressable, using micro-organisms. We present a detailed protocol for high level (13)C enrichment even in slow turnover murine biomaterials (fur keratin), using a customized diet supplemented with commercial labelled algal hydrolysate and formulated as a gel to minimize wastage, which female mice consumed during pregnancy and lactation. This procedure produced approximately eightfold higher fur keratin labelling in pups, exposed in utero and throughout life to label, than in adults exposed for the same period, showing both the effectiveness, and necessity, of this approach.
[Arthritides in the elderly]. (2004)

The arthritides of the elderly comprise a fairly heterogeneous group of diseases. They include conditions that affect exclusively or predominantly the elderly (such as, for instance, remitting seronegative symmetric synovitis with pitting edema) and conditions affecting any age group, but which can present with peculiar features in the elderly, like rheumatoid arthritis and the seronegative arthropathies. Therefore, in order to arrive at a correct diagnosis, a knowledge of the specific features of these disorders is required. In addition, the treatment of elderly patients differs from that of other age groups in that elderly subjects appear to have an increased susceptibility to adverse reactions. This susceptibility is related both to the different metabolism of aged subjects, including the impairment of the renal function, and to the multiple therapies that such subjects often receive. In view of the ever increasing elderly population in the western world, all physicians, over and beyond the limited circle of rheumatologists, should be knowlegeable about the principles of diagnosing and treating senile arthritis.
Cti6 Is an Rpd3-Sin3 Histone Deacetylase-associated Protein Required for Growth under Iron-limiting Conditions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2004)

Iron and copper are redox active metals essential for life. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, expression of iron and copper genes involved in metal acquisition and utilization is tightly regulated at the transcriptional level. In addition iron and copper metabolism are inextricably linked because of the dependence on copper as a co-factor for iron uptake or mobilization. To further identify genes that function in iron and copper homeostasis, we screened for novel yeast mutants defective for iron limiting growth and thereby identified the CTI6 gene. Cti6 is a PHD finger-containing protein that has been shown to participate in the interaction of the Ssn6-Tup1 co-repressor with the Gcn5-containing SAGA chromatin-remodeling complex. In this report we show that CTI6 mRNA levels are increased under iron-limiting conditions, and that cti6 mutants display a growth defect under conditions of iron deprivation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Cti6 is a nuclear protein that functionally associates with the Rpd3-Sin3 histone deacetylase complex involved in transcriptional repression. Cti6 demonstrates Rpd3-dependent transcriptional repression, and cti6 mutants exhibit an enhanced silencing of telomeric, rDNA and HMR loci, similar to mutants in genes encoding other Rpd3-Sin3-associated proteins. Microarray experiments with cti6 mutants grown under iron-limiting conditions show a down-regulation of telomeric genes and an up-regulation of Aft1 and Tup1 target genes involved in iron and oxygen regulation. Taken together, these data suggest a specific role for Cti6 in the regulation of gene expression under conditions of iron limitation.
Heat and Mass Transfer Modeling of Apple Slices Under Simultaneous Infrared Dry Blanching and Dehydration Process (2009)

To develop a new simultaneous infrared dry blanching and dehydration process for producing high-quality blanched and partially dehydrated products, apple slices with three different thicknesses, 5, 9, and 13 mm, were heated using infrared for up to 10 min at 4000 W/m2 IR intensity. The surface and center temperatures, moisture change, and enzymatic activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) of apple slices were determined. The models of heat and mass transfer and enzyme inactivation were developed for predicting the blanching and dehydration performance. In the model development, the apple slices were assumed as one dimensional with heat and mass transfer only occurring in one direction. The enzyme inactivation followed first-order kinetics. The models were solved using a finite element method. The predicted temperature and moisture profiles and inactivation rate of enzymes were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. This indicated that the process of simultaneous dry blanching and dehydration of apple slices under IR heating can be predicted with the developed models.
Transvenous Treatment of Carotid Cavernous and Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae: Results for 31 Patients and Review of the Literature (2003)

Transvenous treatment of CS and transverse/sigmoid sinus AVFs can be effective if all transvenous approaches, including combined surgical/endovascular approaches, are considered.
Adrenergic modulation of human colonic motor and sensory function (1997)

The effects of pharmacological modulation of adrenergic receptors on colonic motor and sensory function are unclear. We studied 40 healthy volunteers in a single-blind design; 12 received saline, and the remaining 28 received either clonidine, yohimbine, phenylephrine, or ritodrine. A barostat-manometric assembly in the left colon recorded drug effects on fasting and postprandial motor function, compliance, and sensation in response to standardized phasic balloon distensions delivered in random order. Clonidine reduced and yohimbine increased fasting, but not postprandial tone, by 63.2 ± 22.3% and 24.8 ± 8.8% (SE), respectively. Clonidine tended to reduce fasting phasic activity in the descending and sigmoid colon. A power exponential model provided the best fit to the compliance curve. Clonidine significantly increased colonic compliance. Clonidine reduced and yohimbine increased colonic perception of pain but not gas sensation during distension. Phenylephrine and ritodrine did not influence colonic motor or sensory function in the present studies. Thus α 2 -receptors modulate fasting colonic tone and compliance and alter perception of pain but not gas during mechanical stimulation of the colon.
ATP-Citrate Lyase Deficiency in the Mouse (2004)

ATP-citrate lyase (Acly) is one of two cytosolic enzymes that synthesize acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA). Because acetyl-CoA is an essential building block for cholesterol and triglycerides, Acly has been considered a therapeutic target for hyperlipidemias and obesity. To define the phenotype of Acly-deficient mice, we created Acly knockout mice in which a beta-galactosidase marker is expressed from Acly regulatory sequences. We also sought to define the cell type-specific expression patterns of Acly to further elucidate the in vivo roles of the enzyme. Homozygous Acly knockout mice died early in development. Heterozygous mice were healthy, fertile, and normolipidemic on both chow and high fat diets, despite expressing half-normal amounts of Acly mRNA and protein. Fibroblasts and hepatocytes from heterozygous Acly mice contained half-normal amounts of Acly mRNA and protein, but this did not perturb triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis or the expression of lipid biosynthetic genes regulated by sterol regulatory element-binding proteins. The expression of acetyl-CoA synthetase 1, another cytosolic enzyme for producing acetyl-CoA, was not up-regulated. As judged by beta-galactosidase staining, Acly was expressed ubiquitously but was expressed particularly highly in tissues with high levels of lipogenesis, such as in the livers of mice fed a high-carbohydrate diet. beta-Galactosidase staining was intense in the developing brain, in keeping with the high levels of de novo lipogenesis of the tissue. In the adult brain, beta-galactosidase staining was in general much lower, consistent with reduced levels of lipogenesis; however, beta-galactosidase expression remained very high in cholinergic neurons, likely reflecting the importance of Acly in generating acetyl-CoA for acetylcholine synthesis. The Acly knockout allele is useful for identifying cell types with a high demand for acetyl-CoA synthesis.
Ionic Polymerization. VII. Relative Reactivities of Mono- and p-Dialkylbenzenes as Molecular Terminating Agents in the Cationic Polymerization of Styrene<sup>1</sup> (1956)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIonic Polymerization. VII. Relative Reactivities of Mono- and p-Dialkylbenzenes as Molecular Terminating Agents in the Cationic Polymerization of Styrene1C. G. Overberger, G. F. Endres, and Avito MonaciCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 9, 1969–1973Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1956Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1956https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01590a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01590a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Radium-bearing pipe scale deposits: implications for national waterborne radon sampling methods. (1995)

A point-of-use waterborne radon-222 (222Rn) survey of a small Iowa town was performed to determine the cause of unnaturally high waterborne 222Rn concentrations in the municipality. The source of the elevated 222Rn concentrations was a newly discovered reservoir of waterborne 222Rn originating from distribution-system radium-226 (226Ra) adsorbed internal pipe scale deposits. Because the proposed national drinking water regulations for 222Rn require sampling at the origin of the distribution system rather than at the point of use, the proposed scheme for collection of water samples may not represent actual consumer waterborne 222Rn exposure in all cases.
Alternative Model for Path Analysis of Small‐Grain Yield (1992)

The model most widely used for path analysis of grain yield in small grains assumes bidirectional causal pathways between yield components; however, because yield components develop sequentially, it is questionable from a biological standpoint whether a yield component could influence others that develop earlier. The purpose of this research is to describe the theory and application of an alternative model for path analysis of grain yield that takes into account the sequential development of yield components. Path analysis was performed assuming bidirectional and unidirectional causal relationships among yield components of eight spring barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars grown at Palmer and Fairbanks, AK, in each of two years. Yield and the yield components spikes per square meter, kernels per spike, and kernel weight were estimated. The unidirectional model seems to reflect operative causal pathways more realisitically, and results in simpler estimates that present a clearer picture of the relationships among grain yield and yield components. Of the three yield components, spikes per square meter resulted in the greatest positive contribution to yield, while the effect of kernels per spike on kernel weight was the most negative compensatory response among yield components.
Damping of domain wall motion in rare-earth iron garnets (1972)

Landau-Lifshitz damping parameters deduced from domain wall mobility measurements are reported for a number of rare-earth iron garnets. These damping parameters are compared with the ones obtained from ferrimagnetic resonance experiments.
On the synthesis of multiple frequency tone burst stimuli for efficient high frequency auditory brainstem response (2008)

The development and digital waveform synthesis of a multiple-frequency tone-burst (MFTB) stimulus is presented. The stimulus is designed to improve the efficiency of monitoring high-frequency auditory-brainstem-response (ABR) hearing thresholds. The pure-tone-based, fractional-octave-bandwidth MFTB supports frequency selective ABR audiometry with a bandwidth that falls between the conventional click and single-frequency tone-burst stimuli. The MFTB is being used to identify high frequency hearing threshold change due to ototoxic medication which most generally starts at the ultra-highest hearing frequencies and progresses downwards but could be useful in general limited-bandwidth testing applications. Included is a Mathcad implementation and analysis of our MFTB synthesis technique and sample performance measurements of the MFTB stimulus configuration used in a clinical research ABR system.
The influence of the elasticity of magnetic tape on some parameters of magnetic recording (1980)

A tape driven by an accurately running capstan between precisely aligned guides cannot be scanned exactly. Due to the elastic properties of the tape there are elastic displacements superposed on the nominal tape movement. These additional tape movements which are generated by tension disturbances or natural frequencies may affect the recording and the playback. This effect is considered and estimated
<title>Improved prediction for lossless compression of multispectral images</title> (1997)

We study the use of spectral deltas for lossless multispectral image compression. Spectral deltas are differences between prediction errors. When bands are correlated, the prediction errors between the two bands are similar, thus the difference results in a smaller value. Building upon earlier work, we examine methods of detecting correlations and harnessing current advances in lossless still image compression. THe result is an algorithm that works well over a broad set of test images.
Band gap engineering of gallium nitride surface quantum wells (2005)

A simple model of the surface quantum well including spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric effects from the wurtzite material is proposed, and how the energy of the ground state and efficiency of emission can be varied is suggested by controlling the thickness of the capping layer, the thickness of the AlGaN confining layer, and by controlling the fields within the device though doping, or by introducing screening charge from an external excitation source such as a laser. A 1D Poisson solver is used to model the band structure, and Schrodinger's equation is solved numerically to find the bound states of the surface quantum well.
Legal Maturity of ‘Temple’ Oranges as Influenced by Lead Arsenate Sprays1,2 (1969)

Abstract Applications of lead arsenate to ‘Temple’ oranges lowered the titratable acid content but not the soluble solids or percentage juice. The percentage total decay, peel injury, and creasing were not appreciably influenced by the lead arsenate sprays. Fruit from trees sprayed with lead arsenate passed legal maturity standards 15 to 20 days earlier than fruit from non-sprayed trees.
Isolation, Identification, and Determination of Virulence of a Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus from the Beet Armyworm,Spodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (1986)

Journal Article Isolation, Identification, and Determination of Virulence of a Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus from the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Get access Wendy D. Gelernter, Wendy D. Gelernter 1 Division of Biological Control, Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 1 Current address: Mycogen Corporation, 5451 Oberlin Drive, San Diego, CA 92121. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brian A. Federici Brian A. Federici Division of Biological Control, Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Environmental Entomology, Volume 15, Issue 2, 1 April 1986, Pages 240–245, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/15.2.240 Published: 01 April 1986 Article history Received: 12 December 1984 Accepted: 17 December 1985 Published: 01 April 1986
Prostate Cancer Localization With Multispectral MRI Using Cost-Sensitive Support Vector Machines and Conditional Random Fields (2010)

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death for men in the United States. Fortunately, the survival rate for early diagnosed patients is relatively high. Therefore, in vivo imaging plays an important role for the detection and treatment of the disease. Accurate prostate cancer localization with noninvasive imaging can be used to guide biopsy, radiotherapy, and surgery as well as to monitor disease progression. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed with an endorectal coil provides higher prostate cancer localization accuracy, when compared to transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). However, in general, a single type of MRI is not sufficient for reliable tumor localization. As an alternative, multispectral MRI, i.e., the use of multiple MRI-derived datasets, has emerged as a promising noninvasive imaging technique for the localization of prostate cancer; however almost all studies are with human readers. There is a significant inter and intraobserver variability for human readers, and it is substantially difficult for humans to analyze the large dataset of multispectral MRI. To solve these problems, this study presents an automated localization method using cost-sensitive support vector machines (SVMs) and shows that this method results in improved localization accuracy than classical SVM. Additionally, we develop a new segmentation method by combining conditional random fields (CRF) with a cost-sensitive framework and show that our method further improves cost-sensitive SVM results by incorporating spatial information. We test SVM, cost-sensitive SVM, and the proposed cost-sensitive CRF on multispectral MRI datasets acquired from 21 biopsy-confirmed cancer patients. Our results show that multispectral MRI helps to increase the accuracy of prostate cancer localization when compared to single MR images; and that using advanced methods such as cost-sensitive SVM as well as the proposed cost-sensitive CRF can boost the performance significantly when compared to SVM.
An information - theoretic proof of Hadamard's inequality (Corresp.) (1983)

Hadamard's inequality follows immediately from inspection of both sides of the entropy inequality <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">h(X_{1}, X_{2},, \cdots, X_{n})\leq \sum h(X_{i})</tex> , when <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">(X_{l}, X_{2},\cdots, X_{n})</tex> is multivariate normal.
Embryonic Treatment with Xenobiotics Disrupts Steroid Hormone Profiles in Hatchling Red-Eared Slider Turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) (2000)

Many compounds in the environment capable of acting as endocrine disruptors have been assayed for their developmental effects on morphogenesis; however, few studies have addressed how such xenobiotics affect physiology. In the current study we examine the effects of three endocrine-disrupting compounds, chlordane, trans-nonachlor, and the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture Aroclor 1242, on the steroid hormone concentrations of red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) hatchlings treated in ovo. Basal steroid concentrations and steroid concentrations in response to follicle-stimulating hormone were examined in both male and female turtles treated with each of the three compounds. Treated male turtles exposed to Aroclor 1242 or chlordane exhibited significantly lower testosterone concentrations than controls, whereas chlordane-treated females had significantly lower progesterone, testosterone, and 5[alpha]-dihydrotestosterone concentrations relative to controls. The effects of these endocrine disruptors extend beyond embryonic development, altering sex-steroid physiology in exposed animals.
7,12‐Dimethylbenz[<i>a</i>]anthracene‐induced ‘early’ squamous cell carcinoma in the Golden Syrian hamster: evaluation of an animal model and comparison with ‘early’ forms of human squamous cell carcinoma in the upper aero‐digestive tract (1996)

To test and optimize photodynamic therapy of early cancers in the upper aero-digestive tract and oesophagus, we sought an appropriate animal model, which was found in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced early squamous cell carcinoma in the Golden Syrian hamster. This chemically induced neoplasm is shown, by histology and immunohistochemistry, to pass through similar stages of early cancer development as its human counterpart. Its time sequence is highly reproducible, leading to a well differentiated carcinoma in situ and microinvasive carcinoma in the hamster cheek pouch over a period of 10 weeks.
Enteral Feeding Improves Outcome and Protects against Glycerol-induced Acute Renal Failure in the Rat (1997)

Acute renal failure is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients and frequently results from vasoconstrictive ischemic injury to the kidney. Protein and amino acids can vasodilate renal blood vessels. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that enteral feeding could prevent renal ischemic injury using an experimental model in which renal vasoconstriction is believed to cause ischemic renal injury. This study was performed using male Sprague-Dawley rats, and renal injury was induced by glycerol injection into the hind limbs. The resulting muscle necrosis (rhabdomyolysis) causes acute renal injury. In the first part of the study, 35 animals were randomized to a peptide-based enteral diet or water via a duodenal feeding tube and subsequently injected with glycerol. Seventy-eight percent (14 of 18) of the animals receiving the enteral diet survived 3 d compared with 35% (six of 17) of the water-fed animals (p < 0.05). Blood urea nitrogen (47+/-8 versus 137+/-27 mg/dl) and creatinine (0.8+/-0.1 versus 2.0+/-0.3 mg/dl) were significantly lower in the enteral survivors than in the water survivors. In the second part of the study, renal plasma flow (para-aminohippurate clearance) and glomerular filtration rate (insulin clearance) were measured in similarly treated animals (n = 14) 1 d after injury. Renal plasma flow (4.83+/-0.65 versus 2.37+/-0.62 ml/min) and glomerular filtration rate (2.05+/-0.27 versus 0.89+/-0.22 ml/min) were significantly higher in the enteral group than in the water group. These data indicate that enteral feeding can prolong survival and decrease renal injury after glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis. The mechanism for the protection is partly related to maintenance of renal blood flow.