gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
RF propagation on ex-USS Shadwell (2002)

The authors discuss the RFI environment on a warship within the Damage control-automation for reduced planning program. RF propagation measurements are carried out to study the ship environment effects on radio communication systems.
<title>Correlation of real-time-monitored process module parameters and wafer results</title> (1992)

The business climate of the integrated circuit industry in the 1990's is very different from that of the 1970's. Today's industry demands that manufacturers produce newer more complex designs with shrinking design time windows and higher return on investment for fabrication facilities. This tighter business climate inposes stricter controls on the day to day operation of the fabrication process. Now, not only must new equipment make significant improvements in process capability but every effort must be made to insure that older (already depreciated) equipment is used to its fullest. To this end extensive work has been undertaken to establish "sensor based manufacturing" (SBM) schemes with the goal of improving wafer to wafer as well as within a wafer repeatability and extending equipment useful lifetime. This improvement in repeatability translates into reduced need for expensive, time consuming, in-line metrology. The end result is improved cycle time and reduced overall facility costs. Early work on this topic centered around the generation of a parametrical view of the plasma process module. By viewing the module as the convolution of a plasma based chemical factory and the hardware necessary to establish and sustain it, a scheme for improved control becomes clear. Present control schemes are based only on hardware or machine parameters, yet the wafer results are defined by the plasma parameters. Therefore, shifting the focus of module control from the traditional machine parameters to the less conventional plasma parameters would place the focus of control closer to the wafer and improve process performance. This paper deals with the application of SBM concepts to establish the real time monitoring of fundamental machine and plasma parameters known to have direct correlation to wafer results such as etch rate and uniformity. Proper usage of SBM generated information includes improved end point capabilities, real time SPC and "go-no-go" decision analysis.
Properties and distribution of a metallo- -lactamase (ALI-1) from the fish pathogen Aliivibrio salmonicida LFI1238 (2014)

This work provides more data for the ever-expanding MBL group of enzymes. These periplasmic enzymes are activated by addition of NaCl, and the marine enzyme is highly salt tolerant and cold active. The observed enzyme properties very likely reflect the conditions that the enzymes face in situ.
Dopplerovské tkáňové zobrazení anulu trikuspidální chlopně acentrální hemodynamika u nemocných s chronickým srdečnímselháním (2000)

Dopplerovske tkaňove zobrazeni anulu trikuspidalni chlopně a
centralni hemodynamika u nemocných s chronickým srdecnim
selhanim
Noncontact Wide-Field Multispectral Imaging for Tissue Characterization (2011)

Imaging of large tissue areas (>;5 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) is often desired in clinical settings, e.g., of tissue oxygenation. Intrinsic contrasts such as absorption and scattering changes have the potential to enhance diagnostics and help monitor diseased tissue. An overview of existing noncontact multispectral diffuse reflectance imaging modalities for tissue characterization based on intrinsic optical contrast due to absorption and scattering properties of tissue is given here. Also, an overview of instrumentation advances, modeling approaches, applications, and ongoing work is described, primarily in, but not limited to, skin imaging, demonstrating the benefits and limitations of wide-field diffuse reflectance imaging.
3. The Numerical Treatment of the Navier—Stokes Equations (1998)

In this chapter we describe the numerical solution of the unsteady incompressible Navier—Stokes equations. We introduce the method of finite differences for the discretization of simple differential equations and apply it to the continuous Navier—Stokes equations, resulting in a finite-dimensional (discrete) problem. For the discretized Navier—Stokes equations, we give detailed instructions on the implementation of a computer program for flow calculations on rectangular domains. We conclude by introducing a method for extending the rectangular computational domain to more general two-dimensional domains. 3.1 The Discretization In numerical analysis, the term discretization refers to passing from a continuous problem to one considered at only a finite number of points. In particular, discretization is used in the numerical solution of differential equations by reducing the differential equation to a system of algebraic equations. These determine the values of the solution at only a finite number of points of the domain on which the solution is sought. In what follows, we will use the finite difference method. 3.1.1 Simple Discretization Formulas Discretization in One Dimension We begin with the one-dimensional case. The interval , on which a differential equation is to be solved, is subdivided into subintervals of equal size, . We thus obtain a grid consisting of the points , , at the subinterval boundaries (see Figure 3.1).
1200V super low loss IGBT module with low noise characteristics and high dI/dt controllability (2005)

This paper presents the superior characteristics of newly developed low loss and low noise 1200 V IGBT module for the first time. In order to realize low noise emission, it is necessary not only to improve the reverse recovery characteristics of FWD but also to reduce the low current turn-on dl/dt of IGBT. New IGBT chip with high turn-on dl/dt controllability and low turn-on power dissipation has been successfully developed by the reduction of the Miller capacitance by the optimization of the surface structure. A 1200 V-450 A IGBT module which is installed the new IGBT and an optimized FWD chips has been able to realize 30% reduction of the switching power dissipation compared with the conventional IGBT module under the conditions to have the same noise emission characteristics.
Significance of Multifocality in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: Outcomes of Women Treated With Breast-Conserving Therapy (2007)

Multifocality is a significant predictor of local recurrence in women who receive breast-conserving surgery for DCIS without radiotherapy; however, low recurrence rates can be achieved if adjuvant radiation is administered.
The Production of Novel Sordarin Analogues by Biotransformation. (2001)

The biotransformation of the fungal protein synthesis inhibitor sordarin is reported. Nine taxonomically diverse organisms supported the isolation and identification of twelve modified products. The structural diversity of the biotransformation products observed and their value in supporting further chemistry is discussed.
The Application of Biplot in Yield Analysis of Soybean Regional Test (2005)

Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Model named AMMI model com- bined with biplot was applied to soybean regional test in 2003 in Heilongjiang province.All the average yield of the individual regional test in the first accumulated temperature band of the west- ern region in Heilongjiang province was analyzed.According to the result:AMMI model com- bined variance analysis with principal component analysis,which made the adaptability and stabil- ity of every variety in all regional test.more visualization what's more,biplot is an intuitionistic and effective graphic tool.
New Syntheses of Bismuthonium Salts, Bismuthonium Ylides and Bismuthane Imides Using Triarylbismuth(V)-Oxo and -Hydroxo Compounds (2002)

Triarylbismuth(V)-oxo and -hydroxo compounds react with organoboronic acids and esters in the presence of BF3·OEt2 to afford the corresponding bismuthonium salts. They also undergo dehydrative coupling with cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, amides and sulfonamides to give stabilized bismuthonium ylides, bismuthane N-acylimides and bismuthane N-sulfonylimides, respectively. All reactions proceed efficiently under mild conditions.
Neutron diffraction and Mössbauer effect study of several Nd2Fe17−<i>x</i>Al<i>x</i> solid solutions (1993)

Aluminum-substituted Nd2Fe17−xAlx solid solutions with x=2.30, 4.44, 6.13, 8.00, and 9.40 have been studied by neutron diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy. A Rietveld analysis of the neutron scattering indicates that the aluminum atoms have a high initial affinity for the 18h site, show a high affinity for the 6c site at high aluminum concentrations, and are absent from the 9d site at all aluminum concentrations. The Mössbauer spectra show a maximum in both the maximum and weighted average hyperfine field for x≊2. This indicates that the lattice expansion which occurs with aluminum substitution is sufficient, at least for small values of x, where magnetic dilution is small, to enhance the intrasublattice coupling between the iron moments, and to increase the magnetic hyperfine fields.
Tree Growth Stage and Environment After Pathogen Inoculation Alters Susceptibility of Pear Trees to Phytophthora Canker~!2009-11-17~!2010-01-01~!2010-04-29~! (2010)

We investigated whether pear (Pyrus communis L. OHF97) tree growth stage, nitrogen (N) status, wound age, and infection environment influences susceptibility to Phytophthora syringae Klebahn. Actively growing trees were susceptible to the pathogen when inoculated before terminal budset and cooler temperatures increased disease severity. In the autumn, during early stages of dormancy development after budset there was no relationship between temperature after inoculation and susceptibility and as trees became more dormant a negative relationship developed between temperature and susceptibility. Altering tree N status in the autumn after budset by spraying leaves with urea had no influence on susceptibility, regardless of environmental conditions after inoculation. Lesions developed when fresh wounds (0 d to 1 d old) were inoculated after budset, but as wounds aged they were less susceptible to infection. These results suggest a combination of tree growth stage when inoculated with the pathogen and environmental conditions afterward play important roles in disease development. Differences in susceptibility may be a direct result of temperature on pathogen activity or an indirect effect of temperature on tree metabolic activity. Differences in tree susceptibility related to dormancy development may be related to stem N status or the ability of trees to produce a barrier to infection after stems are wounded. Surface wounds inflicted during handling after budset may serve as infection locations for P syringae; however the length of time between wound formation and exposure to the pathogen dictates whether infection will occur when trees are in the early stages of dormancy development.
Application des membranes dans la filière œnologique (2000)

Les traitements nécessaires à l’élaboration des vins et à leur préparation avant mise en bouteille conduisent à l’utilisation de filtrations successives contraignantes. Les moyens technologiques classiques disponibles (centrifugation, filtration par alluvionnage, par filtre rotatif sous vide, filtra
Maximum Likelihood Estimators for Coarsely Resolved Precipitation Data (2003)

Most of the literature dealing with hydrologic frequency analysis treats data as being exact and error free. This paper demonstrates that the use of common estimators for distribution parameters and quantiles can lead to serious biases and inadequate assessments of uncertainties when data are coarsely resolved, which is often the case for short-duration precipitation data. Alternative estimators are presented for cases of both data truncation and data rounding and are shown to be superior to common estimators for fitting of exponential and Gumbel probability distributions. A technique is also recommended for determination of the fraction of a data set that would be expected to consist of zeros, enabling an objective approach to augmentation of nonzero data.
Metabolism of Dibenzo- <i>p</i> -Dioxin and Chlorinated Dibenzo- <i>p</i> - Dioxins by a <i>Beijerinckia</i> Species (1980)

Whole cells of the parent strain of Beijerinckia, grown with succinate and biphenyl, oxidized dibenzo-p-dioxin and several chlorinated dioxins. The rate of oxidation of the chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins decreased with an increasing degree of chlorine substitution. A mutant strain (B8/36) of Beijerinckia oxidized dibenzo-p-dioxin to cis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydrodibenzo-p-dioxin. The mutant organism also oxidized two monochlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins to cis-dihydrodiols. No metabolites were detected from two dichlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. Growth of the parent strain of Beijerinckia on succinate was inhibited after 4 h when 0.05% dibenzo-p-dioxin was present in the culture medium. Resting cell suspensions of the parent organism, previously grown with succinate and biphenyl, oxidized dibenzo-p-dioxin to a compound identified as 1,2-dihydroxydibenzo-p-dioxin. Further degradation of this metabolite was not detected, as the compound was found to be a potent mixed-type inhibitor of two ring-fission oxygenases present in this organism.
Fine-filamentary<i>in situ</i>MgB<sub>2</sub>wires (2010)

Nineteen-filament MgB2/Ti/Cu/SS composites have been made by an in situ approach using only drawing deformation to a filament size of 16.6?58??m. Circular cables containing 133 filaments were assembled from 1 + 6 strands of diameter 0.25?mm and 0.375?mm. All wires and cables were heat treated at 800??C/0.5?h in pure Ar atmosphere. The critical current densities Jc of the different wire sizes were measured and EDX element mapping was done for some of them. It was found that the critical current density decreases with reduced filament size, especially below the filament diameter of 27??m due to copper penetration through the thin Ti barrier ( 104?A?cm ? 2 was measured at 4.2?K and field 5.5?T for the thinnest 16.6??m filaments published up to now.
Robust optical delivery system for measuring substrate temperature during molecular beam epitaxy (1999)

First Page
Advantages and challenges of optical coating production with indirect monochromatic monitoring (2015)

In this paper, we present our recent studies on raising the quality of optical coating production with an indirect monochromatic monitoring system. Preproduction error analysis and computational manufacturing are used to estimate potential advantages of application of indirect optical monitoring. It is then demonstrated that a key issue for realization of this advantage is accurate specification of tooling factors for layer thicknesses on test glasses. The tooling factors are precalibrated using single layer depositions and then are corrected using results of reverse engineering for the first production run. It is found that a gradual variation of tooling factors of low index layers is the main error factor in the first deposition run. Finally, we redeposit our coating with a modified monitoring strategy, taking into account this factor. The new experimental results show excellent correspondence with the theoretical spectral performance.
Xenopsylla bantorum is an East African Subspecies of X. cheopis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) (1992)

The geographic distribution, host association, and male genital morphology of Xenopsylla bantorum Jordan were examined and compared with the Nilotic and Oriental "strains" of Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothschild). The more acute shape of the ninth sternite separates X. bantorum from all types of X. cheopis; however, the length of the first process of the male's clasper and the number of setae on this process are significantly different among all three groups; the Nilotic strain of X. cheopis is intermediate to the others. Specimens collected from both wild and commensal rodents in Nakuru, Kenya, were all X. bantorum, suggesting that X. cheopis present early in the century that resulted from introductions on Rattus rattus had been absorbed by the native X. bantorum population. These factors and a review of opinions by others concerning the status of X. bantorum demonstrate that this flea is not specifically distinct from X. cheopis. The trinomial X. cheopis bantorum is erected. Furthermore, the Nilotic and Oriental "strains" of X. cheopis are distinguishable morphologically solely by the length of the male's first process.
Near-Atomic Resolution Structure of J-aggregated Helical Light Harvesting Nanotubes (2022)

Function-oriented design of supramolecular self-assemblies represents a foundational goal in chemistry. Especially, chromophore self-assemblies display extreme photophysical changes from their monomers that are sensitive to the nanoscale molecular arrangements. Slip-stacked arrangements in J-aggregates lead to red shifts (>200 nm) and enhanced quantum yields. Actively introducing specific molecular arrangements using supramolecular chemistry provides a platform to tune the excitonic couplings and avail exotic photophysical properties. However, the nanoscale molecular arrangements have not yet been directly observed in these solution-state assemblies. Here, we present a high-resolution structure of the prototypical biomimetic light harvesting nanotubes (LHNs) of an amphiphilic cyanine dye (C8S3-Cl). We achieve a 3.3 Å resolution with helical reconstruction of cryo-EM images, directly visualizing the atomic scale parameters and packing arrangements that control the excitonic properties. Our structure clearly shows a brick layer arrangement of the molecules as opposed to the previously thought herringbone arrangement. Furthermore, we identify a new non-biological supramolecular motif – interlocking sulfonates, that may be responsible for the slip-stacked packing and ultimately the J-aggregate nature of LHNs. This motif may be relevant towards other amphiphilic self-assemblies, in general and provides a new chemical handle on predictable self-assemblies.
Stabilisation of human telomeric quadruplex DNA and inhibition of telomerase by a platinum–phenanthroline complex (2007)

Two new mono-substituted phenanthroline ligands and their platinum(II) square planar complexes have been prepared; one of the complexes has been shown to induce a high degree of quadruplex DNA stabilisation and to inhibit telomerase.
A Case of Esophageal Mucosal Carcinoma with Intramural and Lymph Node Metastsis. (1994)

壁内転移とリンパ節転移を伴った食道多発粘膜癌の1例を経験したので報告する.症例は75歳の男性で, 嚥下困難を主訴として来院し, 内視鏡検査で中部食道の白苔と発赤を指摘され, 生検の結果, 扁平上皮癌と診断された.入院後の超音波内視鏡検査で固有筋層内への浸潤とリンパ節転移が疑われたため, 右開胸・開腹によって食道亜全摘とリンパ節郭清を施行した.切除標本の病理組織学的検索において内視鏡検査で認められた病変は深達度が粘膜内に留まる4個の多発病変であることが判明した.また超音波内視鏡で指摘された病変は粘膜下腫瘍の形態を呈しており, 連続切片を作成して検討した結果, 組織型は低分化扁平上皮癌で, 腫瘍を覆う粘膜の上皮から粘膜筋板まではすべての切片で保たれており, 最終的には食道mm癌からの壁内転移と診断された.食道mm癌の壁内転移はまれであるが, その可能性も十分念頭において術前診断に臨むべきことが示唆された.
Data processing compilers for small card reading computers (1959)

The D-Zero compiler, used by the New Univac Computer to prepare its own programs, is the firstEnglish-- natural language -- compiler written for a computer having only punched card input and punched or printed output. The D-0 compiler is a member of the FlowMatic System of compilers. Processing statements are similar to those used by FlowMatic for Univac I and II and the Air Force AIMACO Compiler for the Univac 1105. Additional verbs have been added to the language which apply to the card input and output and the on-line printer.
Achalasia and acromegaly: Co-incidence of these diseases or a new syndrome? (2021)

We here describe the first case report to our knowledge of a patient with both acromegaly and achalasia. Association of acromegaly and soft muscle tissue hypertrophy may contribute to achalasia's development. If one of these diagnoses is determined, the other also should be considered along with increased risk of oesophageal and colorectal malignancy.
Successful outcome after serial amnioreductions in triplet fetofetal transfusion syndrome (2003)

The option of serial amnioreduction, with the anticipation and preparation for delivery at around 28 weeks, should be seriously considered when triplet fetofetal transfusion syndrome is encountered.
A polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection and quantitation of proto‐oncogene and GAPD mRNAs in different cell growth rates (1997)

A reverse transcriptase followed by a polymerase chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed for the simultaneous detection and quantitation of proto-oncogene (c-fos and c-myc) mRNAs using an internal standard mRNA glyceraldehyde-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPD). Total cellular RNA was reverse transcribed and PCR amplified with oligonucleotide primers specific to GAPD and either c-fos or c-myc genes. In contrast to Northern blot analysis, the RT-PCR assay is rapid and sensitive enough to quantitate specific proto-oncogene levels from as little as 12-25 ng of total cellular RNA. The reliability of the assay was tested by measuring c-fos and c-myc expression in C3H 10T1/2 mouse embryo fibroblast cells under two different growth states: (a) quiescent cell entry into the proliferative cycle, and (b) plateau phase. Furthermore, the assay was used in measuring variations in c-fos or c-myc expression in HA-1 hamster cells following exposure to the cellular stressing agent, nitric oxide. In serum-stimulated cells, the RT-PCR measurements of transient increase in c-fos (16-fold at 30 min) and c-myc (10-fold at 1 h) mRNA levels were comparable to previously reported results in the literature using a Northern blotting assay. In addition, a two- to fivefold increase in c-fos mRNA levels was observed in plateau phase cells when compared to log phase growth. Furthermore, a transient increase in c-fos mRNA levels (threefold at 2 h) was also observed following cells' exposure to the stressing agent nitric oxide. These results suggest that the multiplex RT-PCR assay represents a significant improvement over current methods to quantitate specific cellular mRNAs under different growth conditions or following environmental insults.
Radical exchange reaction of multi-spin isoindoline nitroxides followed by EPR spectroscopy (2016)

The synthesis and exchange reaction of a rigid, isoindoline-functionalized tetraphenylmethane multi-spin system is described. The exchange reaction was followed using EPR spectroscopy.
The Corrosiveness of Nitrite in a Produced Water System (2009)

Abstract Increasing concentrations of sodium nitrite were added to synthetic North Sea produced water in the presence of either 1 bar CO2 or N2 to determine its effect on corrosion. These tests were run at 80°C in the presence of sulfide and at a sheer stress up to 25 Pa. The test materials were either A106 carbon steel or duplex stainless steel, representing the range of materials typical of upstream production equipment. Nitrite is an effective inhibitor of sulfate reducing bacteria activity as well as an enhancing agent for biocides. Because it is a green chemical it is desirable for controlling Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) in oilfield brines. Although known to be an effective anodic corrosion inhibitor in fresh water systems its inhibitory effects in oilfield brines are less understood. Duplex stainless steel did not show any enhanced corrosion in an inert or CO2 environment in presence of nitrite. In the case of carbon steel, nitrite displayed an inhibiting role when exposed to 1 bar CO2 at 80°C. Increases of chlorides or sulfates had only a small effect on increasing corrosion rates in the presence of nitrite and CO2. However, in the presence of an inert gas, increases in nitrite above 2 mM significantly increased corrosion rates of carbon steel. The addition of small amounts of sulfide in the presence of 2 mM nitrite resulted in a small increase in corrosion rates of carbon steel as did the impact of 25 Pa of sheer stress. The presence of 2 mM nitrite interfered with the corrosion inhibiting activity of a commercial inhibitor in the presence of CO2. This paper presents results of testing performed to determine the corrosiveness of nitrite in synthetic North Sea produced water.