gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Flowering Ash in Wichita, Kansas (1994)

Flowering ash (Fraxinus omus L.) is native to southern Europe and western Asia. At maturity, this ash is an oval-headed tree with glossy, dark green leaves, which grows to about 50 feet (15 meters) tall. Its most notable feature appears in May: showy panicles of fragrant, cream-colored flowers, which help make this species a popular street and park tree in those regions where it is winter hardy. Dirr (1983) notes that it is hardy to -10°F (- 230C) and, similarly, it is listed for USDA Hardiness Zone 6 in Hortus Third (1976). A seedling population of flowering ash, PI 385252, from Bosnia & Herzegovina was evaluated at eleven sites in USDA Hardiness Zones 3b to 6a across the northcentral United States from 1976 to 1986 (Widrlechner et al., 1992), but only one of 32 trees survived the trial and the above ground portions of the single survivor were repeatedly killed to the base.
First-principles study of phonons and related ground-state properties and spectra in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Zn-IV-N</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>compounds (2008)

The ${\text{Zn-IV-N}}_{2}$ compounds, with the group-IV element Si, Ge, and Sn, which have a common crystal structure closely related to the wurtzite-structure form a series analogous to the group-III nitrides GaN, AlN, and InN, respectively. Calculations of the phonons and related quantities in these materials are reported here using the density-functional perturbation-theory linear-response approach in the local-density approximation and using a plane-wave pseudopotential method. We focus on spectra, such as the imaginary part of the dielectric function and the energy-loss function as measurable by infrared absorption or reflectivity, and the Raman spectra. We also present phonon densities of states, band dispersions, and related integrated thermodynamic quantities such as the specific heat, and Helmholtz free energy and entropy as functions of temperature. Structural and elastic properties such as the lattice constants and bulk moduli are also reported. Finally, high-frequency and static dielectric tensors are presented. The trends in the series and the relation to the corresponding III-N nitrides are discussed. It is found that the bimodal bond-length distribution with IV-N bonds shorter than the Zn-N bonds (even for Sn) strongly modifies the spectra from those in III-N nitrides. While in ${\text{ZnGeN}}_{2}$ and ${\text{ZnSnN}}_{2}$ folded acoustic-like modes are clearly separated from the optic type modes, this is not the case in ${\text{ZnSiN}}_{2}$. The calculated Born effective charges indicate that ${\text{ZnGeN}}_{2}$ has the lowest ionicity of the three materials.
DO YOU KNOW WHERE YOUR TRAIN IS (1996)

SUBTITLE: THERE'S MORE THAN ONE WAY TO LOCATE A TRAIN, AND THERE'S NO SHORTAGE OF AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY: THE DRIVING QUESTION, HOW MUCH ACCURACY IS DESIRED.
Electron relaxation in the CdSe quantum dot - ZnO composite: prospects for photovoltaic applications (2014)

Quantum dot (QD)-metal oxide composite forms a "heart" of the QD-sensitized solar cells. It maintains light absorption and electron-hole separation in the system and has been therefore extensively studied. The interest is largely driven by a vision of harvesting the hot carrier energy before it is lost via relaxation. Despite of importance of the process, very little is known about the carrier relaxation in the QD-metal oxide composites. In order to fill this gap of knowledge we carry out a systematic study of initial electron dynamics in different CdSe QD systems. Our data reveal that QD attachment to ZnO induces a speeding-up of transient absorption onset. Detailed analysis of the onset proves that the changes are caused by an additional relaxation channel dependent on the identity of the QD-ZnO linker molecule. The faster relaxation represents an important factor for hot carrier energy harvesting, whose efficiency can be influenced by almost 50%.
Measurement of Voice Onset Time in Dysarthric Patients: Methodological Considerations (2000)

Voice onset time (VOT) reflects the timing control between laryngeal and supralaryngeal adjustments. It has been studied both in normal speakers and patients with speech disorders, but very little information has been published on the feasibility of this measure in clinical practice. We examined 10 repeated utterances involving the voiceless stop consonants [p], [t] and [k] in 110 subjects (27 controls, 48 with spastic dysarthria and 35 with hypokinetic dysarthria). The mean rate of measurable VOT was 95% for normal speech, 80% for hypokinetic dysarthria and 84% for spastic dysarthria. The main obstacle to successful measurement was lack of the burst signifying the release of the plosive. The posterior stop [k] presented the greatest measurement difficulties for the dysarthric subjects, which is in accordance with previous perceptual reports on dysarthria.
Practical methods in coverage-oriented verification of the Merom microprocessor (2006)

Functional coverage is a well known means of measuring verification progress. However, approaches to coverage, such as Coverage Driven and Coverage Oriented approaches, are often difficult or impractical to implement. This paper presents the coverage methodology used in the verification of Merom, Intel's first converged-core microprocessor. We describe practical methods and applied techniques which enabled a high return on a significantly reduced investment in coverage measurement and analysis.Given the tight schedule, this approach provided a clear metric for measuring verification progress and for effectively steering resources to improve the quality of the design under test.
Measurement of the Soot and Dust Discharged from Incinerators and Industry Plants (1999)

This paper describes an environmental monitor method. Here we describe a method for measuring the amount of soot and dust discharged from the plant and incinerator. The method is based on the electrostatics engineering.When the soot and dust pass through the strong electric field, these contact to the ionized air and are charged. These induce the change in the electrostatic field near the electrode in the downstream when passing through near it and the small current occurs in the electrode. The current is proportional to the amount of electric charge of the soot and dust, and the amount of soot and dust is proportional to the charge. Thus, the soot and dust amount can be estimated from the current.In this paper, a mathematical model that relates the current (voltage) detected by the sensor and the mass flow rate of the soot and dust is constructed, and a new measurement method based on the model is presented. The validity of the method is experimentally examined.
A critical review of visual analogue scales in the measurement of clinical phenomena (1990)

Visual analogue scales (VAS) have been used in the social and behavioral sciences to measure a variety of subjective phenomena. The VAS method has potential utility for the measurement of a variety of clinical phenomena of interest to nurse investigators. In this review a description of the various forms of the VAS and an historical overview of their development are presented. In addition, conceptual, psychometric, and statistical aspects of the VAS are considered. Finally, strengths and limitations of the VAS method are addressed.
Plane metric rectification from a single view of multiple coplanar circles (2009)

Metric rectification has important applications to topics such as single-view metrology, camera calibration, optical character recognition and texture extraction or synthesis. This paper proposes a method for estimating the rectification homography of a world plane that pertains to a single view containing the images of at least two circles in general position. The method does not presuppose that the circles radii, the camera's intrinsics or the plane's vanishing line are known and can simultaneously accommodate multiple circles. Comparative experimental results demonstrate the approach's efficacy.
A fast Bayesian approach using adaptive densifying approximation technique accelerated MCMC (2015)

A novel algorithm is presented in this study to improve the efficiency and accuracy of Bayesian approach for fast sampling of posterior distributions of the unknown structure parameters. This algorithm can save a computational cost by resolving the efficiency problem in Bayesian identifications. In this algorithm, an approximation model based on the radial basis function is first used to replace the actual joint posterior distribution of the unknown parameters. An adaptive densifying technique is then introduced to increase the accuracy of the approximation model by reconstructing them with densified samples. Finally, the marginal posterior distributions for each parameter with fine accuracy can be efficiently achieved using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method based on the present densified approximation model. Two numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate that the present algorithm can achieve significant computational gains without sacrificing the accuracy.
Activated T Lymphocytes are Essential Drivers of Pathological Remodeling in Ischemic Heart Failure (2017)

CD4<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes are globally expanded and activated in chronic ischemic HF, with Th2 (versus Th1) and Th17 (versus Treg) predominance in failing hearts, and with expansion of memory T cells in the spleen. Cardiac and splenic T cells in HF are primed to induce cardiac injury and remodeling, and retain this memory on adoptive transfer.
Forced Landing Technologies for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Towards Safer Operations (2009)

While using unmanned systems in combat is not new, what will be new in the foreseeable future is how such systems are used and integrated in the civilian space. The potential use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in civil and commercial applications is becoming a fact, and is receiving considerable attention by industry and the research community. The majority of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles performing civilian tasks are restricted to flying only in segregated space, and not within the National Airspace. The areas that UAVs are restricted to flying in are typically not above populated areas, which in turn are one of the areas most useful for civilian applications. The reasoning behind the current restrictions is mainly due to the fact that current UAV technologies are not able to demonstrate an Equivalent Level of Safety to manned aircraft, particularly in the case of an engine failure which would require an emergency or forced landing. This chapter will preset and guide the reader through a number of developments that would facilitate the integration of UAVs into the National Airspace. Algorithms for UAV Sense-and-Avoid and Force Landings are recognized as two major enabling technologies that will allow the integration of UAVs in the civilian airspace.
Continuous Vacuum Drying of Whole Milk Foam. IV. Pilot Plant (1970)

This paper reports the operation of a pilot plant designed to produce engineering data for specification of a commercial size plant. Modifications to a small-scale continuous vacuum dehydrator necessary to adapt it to drying milk are described, with required inputs and control parameters given. Also, the physical dimensions of the auxiliary equipment components and their operating conditions for preparing the gasconcentrate foam from raw milk, with correct properties for drying, are outlined. The pilot plant was successfully operated for 42 one-shift periods at an average production rate of 6.95 kg per hour. An economic evaluation is to be given.
Length Matters: Clustering System Log Messages using Length of Words (2016)

The analysis techniques of system log messages (syslog messages) have a long history from when the syslog mechanism was invented. Typically, the analysis consists of two parts, one is a message template generation, and the other is finding something interesting using the messages classified by the inferred templates. It is important to generate better templates to achieve better, precise, or convincible analysis results. In this paper, we propose a classification methodology using the length of words of each message. Our method is suitable for online template generation because it does not require two-pass analysis to generate template messages, that is an important factor considering increasing amount of log messages produced by a large number of system components such as cloud infrastructure.
Soft Modelling by Latent Variables: The Non-Linear Iterative Partial Least Squares (NIPALS) Approach (1975)

The NIPALS approach is applied to the ‘soft’ type of model that has come to the fore in sociology and other social sciences in the last five or ten years, namely path models that involve latent variables which serve as proxies for blocks of directly observed variables. Such models are seen as hybrids of the ‘hard’ models of econometrics where all variables are directly observed (path models in the form of simultaneous equations systems) and the ‘soft’ models of psychology where the human mind is described in terms of latent variables and their directly observed indicators. For hybrid models that involve one or two latent variables the NIPALS approach has been developed in [38], [41] and [42]. The present paper extends the NIPALS approach to path models with three or more latent variables. Each new latent variable brings a rapid increase in the pluralism of possible model designs, and new problems arise in the parameter estimation of the models. Iterative procedures are given for the point estimation of the parameters. With a view to cases when the iterative estimation does not converge, a device of range estimation is developed, where high profile versus low profile estimates give ranges for the parameter estimates.
High-power and high-efficiency LD pumped Yb:YAG micro-thickness slab laser (2004)

A high-power and high-efficiency Yb:YAG oscillator has been developed using a micro-thickness slab gain structure. Laser output power of 260 W was obtained in cw oscillation with 42% optical conversion efficiency.
Clearance of apoptotic neutrophils and resolution of inflammation (2016)

The engulfment of apoptotic cells by phagocytes, a process referred to as efferocytosis, is essential for maintenance of normal tissue homeostasis and a prerequisite for the resolution of inflammation. Neutrophils are the predominant circulating white blood cell in humans, and contain an arsenal of toxic substances that kill and degrade microbes. Neutrophils are short-lived and spontaneously die by apoptosis. This review will highlight how the engulfment of apoptotic neutrophils by human phagocytes occurs, how heterogeneity of phagocyte populations influences efferocytosis signaling, and downstream consequences of efferocytosis. The efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils by macrophages promotes anti-inflammatory signaling, prevents neutrophil lysis, and dampens immune responses. Given the immunomodulatory properties of efferocytosis, understanding pathways that regulate and enhance efferocytosis could be harnessed to combat infection and chronic inflammatory conditions.
Purification of acetonitrile (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPurification of acetonitrileMarc. Walter and Louis. RamaleyCite this: Anal. Chem. 1973, 45, 1, 165–166Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1973https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60323a041RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1740Altmetric-Citations200LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (274 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
[Lumbar and cervical "traumatic intervertebral disk displacement"]. (1993)

25 cases with traumatic lumbar and cervical disc herniation are described and criteria for a causal connection between trauma and prolapse are discussed: 1. The accident must be adequate, e.g. jumps from considerable height, falls, car collisions and lifting heavy weights (only in private insurance companies). 2. Typical discopathic complaints must occur soon after the accident. 3. Major degenerative disease before trauma of the vertebral column must be excluded. The medical expert has to assess in each case of possible traumatic disc herniation the cause of trauma and the resulting reduction of earning capacity.
L'homme et la dynamique littorale : maîtrise ou adaptation ?, sous la direction d'Yvonne BATTIAU-QUENEY, Yannick LAGEAT et Marie-Claire PRAT, 2014 (2014)

Le numéro 30 de la revue Dynamiques Environnementales (LGPA-Éditions, Université de Bordeaux 3) présente, sous une forme très attrayante (présentation soignée, très nombreuses figures et photographies en couleur), un gros numéro thématique (plus de 200 pages) consacré à l'homme et la dynamique littorale. Coordonné par Yvonne BATTIAU-QUENEY, Yannick LAGEAT et Marie-Claire PRAT, ce numéro regroupe 14 articles, auxquels s'ajoute notamment un dossier pédagogique sur le littoral basque (p. 189-198...
Magnetic and robotic catheter navigation (2015)

Catheter ablation for treatment of atrial fibrillation and associated arrhythmias has become a very common procedure in the electrophysiology laboratory. Remote magnetic navigation (RMN) of catheters uses operator-designated changes in magnetic fields centered on the patient's torso to deflect and maintain the position of an electrode at the end of a mapping/ ablation catheter. Catheters can also be maneuvered by nonmagnetic, robotic manipulation of the catheter tip. Remote catheter manipulation decreases operator fluoroscopic exposure and fatigue, but the advantages do not benefit the patient and staff in the procedure room. Procedure duration appears to be somewhat longer with magnetic as opposed to manual catheter movement, with tradeoff benefits of more precise electrode movement, more consistent electrode tissue contact, and almost nonexistent perforation or steam pop risk. Newer technologies for remote catheter manipulation may further improve procedure times and outcomes and lower fluoroscopic exposure while improving efficiency.
Green Pavement using Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) as Partial Fine Aggregate Replacement in Modified Asphalt (2013)

Most plastics collected for recycling from the household waste stream are plastic bottles. The majority of bottles are made from Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) estimated that the ratio is 55-60%. The objective of this research is to determine optimum quality and the effect usage of recycled PET as partial fine aggregate replacement in modified asphalt mixture by determining the permanent deformation and stiffness behaviour. The modified asphalt mixtures were produced from content concentrate of recycled PET pallet range between 5 and 25% of the weight of asphalt mixture with sieve size from 2.36 mm to 1.18 mm and 5% weight of bitumen content as follow hot mix asphalt wearing course 14 (ACW14) in Standard Specification of Road Work in Malaysia. The samples were subjected to Repeated Load Axial Test (RLAT) loading for 1800 cycles and axial load applied 100 kN at to determine permanent deformation of modified asphalt mixture. The Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus Test (ITSM) was used to evaluate stiffness modified asphalt sample at 25 °C. The result obtained from the lab testing reveals the maximum permanent deformation of modified asphalt mixture reach at 20% replacement with recycled PET. However the stiffness of PET modified asphalt mixtures tend to decrease compare to unmodified asphalt mixture. The finding indicates that PET has ability to improve permanent deformation properties of asphalt mixture. In the environmental and economical aspects, PET modified asphalt mixture is found suitable to be used for road pavements.
Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Older Adults with Small Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Detected by Ultrasonography: The Cardiovascular Health Study (2001)

Rates of total mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, and incident cardiovascular disease were higher in participants with abdominal aortic aneurysm than in those without aneurysm, independent of age, sex, other clinical cardiovascular disease, and extent of atherosclerosis detected by noninvasive testing. Persons with smaller aneurysms detected by ultrasonography should be advised to modify risk factors for cardiovascular disease while under surveillance for increase in the size of the aneurysm.
Localized biogeography-based optimization (2013)

Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) is a relatively new heuristic method, where a population of habitats (solutions) are continuously evolved and improved mainly by migrating features from high-quality solutions to low-quality ones. In this paper we equip BBO with local topologies, which limit that the migration can only occur within the neighborhood zone of each habitat. We develop three versions of localized BBO algorithms, which use three different local topologies namely the ring topology, the square topology, and the random topology respectively. Our approach is quite easy to implement, but it can effectively improve the search capability and prevent the algorithm from being trapped in local optima. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a set of well-known benchmark problems. We also introduce the local topologies to a hybrid DE/BBO method, resulting in three localized DE/BBO algorithms, and show that our approach can improve the performance of the state-of-the-art algorithm as well.
A Signal Processing Technique for Detecting Local Defects in a Gear from the Signal Average of the Vibration (1985)

An approximate digital signal processing technique is presented which can assist in the early detection of local defects such as fatigue cracks in gears by enhancing the changes which these defects produce in the signal average of the vibration of the gear. The technique is demonstrated by the identification of an early fatigue crack in a helicopter gear. The importance of phase modulation in the detection of defects is indicated.
A novel finger-vein recognition method with feature combination (2009)

A novel method of exploiting finger-vein features for personal identification is proposed in this paper. First, the circular Gabor filter is used to enhance finger-vein region in an image. Then, image segmentation is implemented for finger-vein network extraction. To obtain the finger-vein skeleton, thinning operation is performed accordingly. Based on the extracted network and skeleton, finger-vein features on local moments, topological structure and statistics are exploited respectively. Finally, a fusion scheme is adopted for decision making. The experimental results show that the proposed method has good performance in personal identification.