gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of an unsaturated fatty acid analogue (18-(4′-azido-2′-hydroxybenzoylamino)-oleic acid) and its interaction with lysophosphatidylcholine: acyl-CoA-O-acyltransferase (1998)

Acylation/deacylation reactions represent a basic requirement of triglyceride as well as phospholipid metabolism, and maintenance of membrane lipid composition. In order to examine enzymes participating in these pathways, we synthesized 18-(4'-azido-2'-hydroxybenzoylamino)-oleic acid, an iodinable photoaffinity analogue of oleic acid as a new tool for analyzing enzymes, especially those binding unsaturated fatty acids or acyl-CoAs. For the synthesis of omega-amino-oleic acid, coupling two bifunctional Cg-components was used. The described synthesis scheme is also suited for the specific generation of other fatty acid analogues with distinct positions of the double bond. The functionality of 18-(4'-azido-2'-hydroxybenzoylamino)-oleic acid was investigated with the enzyme lysophosphatidylcholine:acyl-CoA-O-acyltransferase (LAT) [EC 2.3.1.23], an enzyme that shows high specificity towards (poly)unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs. It could be shown that the photolabel, esterified with coenzyme A, acts in the dark as a reversible inhibitor of the enzyme activity, but photolysis of the label results in irreversible inactivation of LAT. This inactivation could be prevented by addition of the native substrate arachidonyl-CoA during photolysis. Several proteins could be specifically visualized using the iodinated analogue. The data indicate that this new photoaffinity label may have application to identify and characterize lipid biosynthetic enzymes using unsaturated fatty acids as well as acyl-CoA binding proteins and the active site of these proteins.
Cobalt(II) Catalyzed Coupling Reaction of α,β-Unsaturated Compounds with Aldehydes by the Use of Phenylsilane. New Method for Preparation of β-Hydroxy Nitriles, Amides, and Esters (1989)

Abstract A new crossed coupling reaction of α,β-unsaturated nitriles with aldehydes was performed by using phenylsilane and a catalytic amount of bis(1,3-diketonato)cobalt(II) to give β-siloxy nitriles in good yields. Similarly, α,β-unsaturated amides and esters also reacted under the same conditions to afford β-siloxy amides or esters. The present reaction provides a new and facile method for preparation of β-hydroxy nitriles, amides, and esters.
Boolean Logic Gates From A Single Memristor Via Low-Level Sequential\n Logic (2014)

By using the memristor's memory to both store a bit and perform an operation\nwith a second input bit, simple Boolean logic gates have been built with a\nsingle memristor. The operation makes use of the interaction of current spikes\n(occasionally called current transients) found in both memristors and other\ndevices. The sequential time-based logic methodology allows two logical input\nbits to be used on a one-port by sending the bits separated in time. The\nresulting logic gate is faster than one relying on memristor's state switching,\nlow power and requires only one memristor. We experimentally demonstrate\nworking OR and XOR gates made with a single flexible Titanium dioxide sol-gel\nmemristor.\n
Regularized tomographic inversion with geological constraints (2016)

ABSTRACT Reflection tomography is the industry standard tool for velocity model building, but it is also an ill‐posed inverse problem as its solution is not unique. The usual way to obtain an acceptable result is to regularize tomography by feeding the inversion with some a priori information. The simplest regularization forces the solution to be smooth, implicitly assuming that seismic velocity exhibits some degree of spatial correlation. However, velocity is a rock property; thus, the geometry and structure of rock formations should drive correlation in velocity depth models. This observation calls for constraints driven by geological models. In this work, we present a set of structural constraints that feed reflection tomography with geometrical information. These constraints impose the desired characteristics (flatness, shape, position, etc.) on imaged reflectors but act on the velocity update. Failure to respect the constraints indicates either velocity inaccuracies or wrong assumptions concerning the constraints. Reflection tomography with structural constraints is a flexible framework that can be specialized in order to achieve different goals: among others, to flatten the base of salt bodies or detachment surfaces, to recover the horizontalness of oil–water contacts, or to impose the co‐location of the same imaged horizon between PP and PS images. The straightforward application of structural constraints is that of regularizing tomography through geological information, particularly at the latest stages of the depth imaging workflow, when the depth migration structural setting reached a consistent geological interpretation. Structural constraints are also useful in minimizing the well‐to‐seismic mis‐ties. Moreover, they can be used as a tool to check the consistency of interpreters' hypothesis with seismic data. Indeed, inversion with structural constraints will preserve image focusing only if the interpreters' insights are consistent with the data. Results from synthetic and real data demonstrate the effectiveness of reflection tomography with structural constraints.
40 Years with the Ungerboeck Model: A Look at its Potentialities [Lecture Notes] (2015)

It has been about 40 years since Gottfried Ungerboeck published his paper [1] on an alternative maximum-likelihood (ML) detector for intersymbol interference (ISI) channels. The ISI model used by Ungerboeck is commonly referred to as the Ungerboeck model. Ungerboeck?s ML detector has equivalent performance compared to Forney?s detector, which was published two years earlier in [2], but received lesser considerations. Perhaps the best example of this is the fact that a BCJR algorithm [3] operating on the Ungerboeck model was derived as late as 2005 [4]. However, the Ungerboeck model has many strong aspects and has therefore been rediscovered over the last few decades.
Controlling Subcritical Crack Growth at Epoxy/Glass Interfaces (2002)

The resistance of silane bonded epoxy/glass interfaces to subcritical crack growth was studied as a function of the density of primary bonds between the silane and epoxy using the double-cleavage drilled compression test (DCDC). The silane coupling agents propyltriethoxysilane (PES), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APES) and various mixtures of 3-APES and PES were used to systematically control the bonding density since 3-APES can form primary bonds with both the glass and the epoxy, while PES forms primary bonds only with the glass. The resistance of these interfaces to crack growth was tested under both static and cyclic loading in high and low humidity test environments. These tests allowed the separation of the effects on crack growth due to stress corrosion and cyclic fatigue. Experimental results showed that the density of primary bonding between the silane layer and the epoxy controls the cyclic fatigue resistance of the silanized interfaces. Additionally, for 3-APES bonded epoxy/glass interfaces cyclic fatigue crack growth predominates at both high and low humidities but for PES bonded interfaces, crack growth by stress corrosion dominates at high humidity and by cyclic fatigue at low humidities. For a 50% 3-APES/50% PES bonded interface, stress corrosion effects are somewhat greater than cyclic fatigue effects at high humidities but at low humidities the two effects are comparable. When testing the interfaces for durability, PES bonded interfaces showed spontaneous delamination when aged in distilled water for 36h at 94°C. On the other hand, 3-APES and mixtures of 3-APES bonded interfaces did not show any detrimental effect of the cyclic fatigue resistance when aged in distilled water at temperatures up to 98°C.
Pure endoscopic resection versus laparoscopic assisted procedure for upper gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Perspective from a surgical endoscopist (2022)

Management of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) has evolved significantly over the past two decades. For GIST size smaller than 5 cm, laparoscopic resection has become the current standard. To avoid postoperative gastric deformity and preserve gastric function, laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) was developed and various modifications have been reported and utilized successfully. Pure endoscopic resection techniques have also been reported at a similar period of time, which further push the boundary of incisionless surgery in managing these lesions. Both tunneling and nontunneling exposed type endoscopic full thickness resection are well described procedures for resection of small UGI GIST. In this review, a summary of these procedures is provided, and the pros and cons of each technique from the perspective of a surgical endoscopist are discussed in detail. LECS and endoscopic resection are complementary to each other. The choice of technique should be tailored to the location, morphology, and size of the target lesions, taking into account the experience of the laparoscopic surgeons and endoscopists.
A Study on 3D Object and GUI Representation Based on MPEG-4 BIFS for Mobile TV (2009)

Despite the fact that the mobile environment has favorable conditions for using data contents, it is not easy to implement enhanced data services for mobile broadcasting based on MPEG-4 BIFS. With a structure inherited from VRML, BIFS targets different types of content with a development approach that is not very compatible with broadcasting contents. Furthermore, it is not easy to implement BIFS because the standard is too complicated for the mobile broadcasting environment. Accordingly, this study proposes an enhanced mobile TV contents model that provides interactive 3D objects and GUI for the viewers to interact with the broadcasting contents. By applying the model to the DMB environment, this study suggests a direction for future developments of mobile broadcasting contents. In order to represent 3D graphics on mobile TV, we analyzed MPEG-BIFS 3D nodes and composed a subset of VRML profile, and defined new nodes that can efficiently represent GUI at the content development level. If this study helps facilitate expression of 3D graphics and interactions in data contents composition, enhanced efficiency of contents development is expected to promote the development of various contents suitable for the mobile broadcasting environment.
Brickelia eupatorioides var. corymbulosa (2015)

https://thekeep.eiu.edu/herbarium_specimens_byname/17894/thumbnail.jpg
Effect of St John's Wort on Drug Metabolism by Induction of Cytochrome P450 3A4 Enzyme (2003)

A 14-day course of St John's wort administration significantly induced the activity of CYP 3A4 as measured by changes in alprazolam pharmacokinetics. This suggests that long-term administration of St John's wort may result in diminished clinical effectiveness or increased dosage requirements for all CYP 3A4 substrates, which represent at least 50% of all marketed medications.
Correction: Disability Mediates the Impact of Common Conditions on Perceived Health (2013)

Background: We examined the extent to which disability mediates the observed associations of common mental and physical conditions with perceived health.
IL-4/IL-13 antagonist DNA vaccination successfully suppresses Th2 type chronic dermatitis (2009)

These data showed that the simultaneous suppression of IL-4/IL-13 signals successfully controlled Th2-type chronic dermatitis. IL-4DM DNA treatment is a potent therapy for AD and related diseases.
Sodium Borohydride Reduction of N-Alkyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium Iodides<sup>1</sup> (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSodium Borohydride Reduction of N-Alkyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium Iodides1Wilson M. Whaley and Charles N. RobinsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1953, 75, 8, 2008–2009Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01104a521https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01104a521research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views60Altmetric-Citations5LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ausblick in die Zukunft fuer das Fachgebiet Tunnelbau, Underground Space (2000)

Der Tunnelbau hat eine lange Tradition. Er wird wegen des in der Zukunft zu erwartenden hohen Bedarfs an unterirdischen Verkehrswegen und Hohlraumbauten ohne Zweifel eine noch groessere Bedeutung erlangen, als es jetzt der Fall ist. Die schwierigen, rein technischen Aufgaben werden heute durch vertragsrechtliche und wirtschaftliche Zwaenge leider in unzulaessiger Weise ueberstimmt. Der Tunnelbau ist eine der interessantesten, aber auch eine der schwierigsten Ingenieurdisziplinen; er verbindet Theorie und Praxis in besonderer Weise zu einer eigenen Ingenieurbaukunst. Er ist in hohem Masse interdisziplinaer: Das klassische Bauingenieurwesen allein reicht nicht aus. Geologie, Geomechanik, Maschinentechnik und vor allem Bauverfahrenstechnik gehoeren gleichwertig dazu. Im Beitrag werden die derzeitigen Probleme bei der Ausfuehrung von Tunneln dargestellt. Ein Rueckblick auf die Zeit der ersten Tunnelbauten zeigt, dass viele Dinge, die heute als Neuerungen angesehen werden, schon frueher angewendet wurden. Die Weiterentwicklung der Maschinentechnik ist eine Voraussetzung fuer die Bewaeltigung kuenftig anstehender Aufgabe. Titel in Englisch: Outlook for the future for the special field tunnelling, underground space.
Cloning and Expression in Insect Cells of two Pancreatic Lipases and a Procolipase from <i>Myocastor coypus</i> (1995)

The physiological role of pancreatic lipases has traditionally been assigned solely to triacylglyceride metabolism, while the digestion of phospholipids requires the presence of the pancreatic phospholipase A2, a 14-kDa enzyme unrelated to pancreatic lipases. However, in the guinea pig, it was observed that the pancreatic phospholipase A2 was absent and that a guinea pig pancreatic-lipase-related protein 2 (GPL-RP2) was responsible for phospholipase activity, in contrast to the situation observed in other mammalian species. As the guinea pig is a member of the hystricomorph rodents, it was of interest to investigate if other species within this evolutionary suborder display similar characteristics. The coypu (Myocastor coypus) also a member of the hystricomorph rodents, was chosen for further investigations. The cDNAs encoding two pancreatic lipases and a procolipase from the coypu were cloned, expressed and characterized. One lipase, CoPL-RP2, was identified as belonging to the RP2 subfamily, while the second, CoPL, was found to belong to the classical pancreatic lipase subfamily. Enzymic characterization and sequence data suggest a role for coypu colipase as a specific cofactor for CoPL, while this coypu colipase cannot be an important cofactor for CoPL-RP2 in vivo. Also, the new lipase cDNA sequences were used in a phylogentic analysis to reinvestigate the taxonomical position of the hystricomorph rodents (e.g. coypu and guinea pig) with respect to the myomorph rodents (e.g. rat and mouse).
ChemInform Abstract: Calcium Channel Blocking and Positive Inotropic Activities of Ethyl 5‐ Cyano‐1,4‐dihydro‐6‐methyl‐2‐((phenylsulfonyl)methyl)‐4‐aryl‐3‐ pyridinecarboxylate and Analogues. Synthesis and Structure‐Activity Relationships. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New Short Circuit Failure Mechanism for 1.2kV 4H-SiC MOSFETs and JBSFETs (2018)

The short circuit (SC-SOA) capability of power devices is crucial for power systems. In this paper, 1.2 kV SiC MOSFETs and JBSFETs are characterized, and their SC-SOA behavior was tested and analyzed. Due to the lower saturated drain current, the JBSFETs were found to have superior SC-SOA compared with MOSFETs despite the integrated Schottky contact. A new short circuit failure mechanism related to melting of the top Al metallization is proposed based up on non-isothermal TCAD numerical simulations supported with SEM measurements of failed die using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis.
A Tunable Biquad Switched-Capacitor Amplifier-Filter for Neural Recording (2010)

With the emerging interest in local field potentials (LFPs) as input signals for brain-machine interfaces, there is a need for integrated circuits capable of amplifying spikes and LFPs. A two-stage complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) amplifier-filter has been implemented with 0.18-μm CMOS for simultaneous, multimodal recording of extracellular unit spikes and LFPs. For the frequency tuning and the reduction of the 1/f noise, it employs a switched-capacitor technique. The filter bandwidth is reconfigurable by using a different sampling clock frequency. The prototype amplifier has gains of 19.1 dB and 37.5 dB for low-pass only filter and cascaded filter, respectively. With a 100-kHz sampling frequency, the equivalent input noise spectral density is 38.8 nV/√Hz while the total power consumption is 69 μW with a 1.6-V supply, including clock generation and biasing occupying an area of 44 × 148 μm(2).
A carrier modulation method for minimizing the dc link capacitor current ripple of the HEV DC-DC converter and inverter systems (2011)

Minimization of the dc capacitor is an essential step towards developing and manufacturing compact low-cost hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) converter/inverter systems for high temperature operation, long life and high reliability. Previously, most papers have been focused on the AC-DC-AC pulse-width modulation (PWM) converters with relatively complicated close-loop control methods, while few papers have analyzed the DC-DC-AC PWM converters that also commonly exist in HEV systems. The so-called DC-DC-AC PWM converter consists of a bidirectional dc-dc converter and an inverter cascaded together. This paper proposes a carrier modulation method for the previously mentioned dc-dc converter, which connects the battery or any energy storage system to the dc link, in order to match the converter output current with the inverter input current so as to minimize the current ripple going through the dc link capacitor. Compared with the conventional triangle carrier, the proposed carrier is able to shift the converter output current pulses left and right, so they match with the inverter input current, and finally minimize the current ripple flowing through the dc link capacitor at unity power factor by a simple and easy implementation. Simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
PP13. PHASE II STUDY OF THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF INFLIXIMAB IN GIANT CELL ARTERITIS (GCA): 22 WEEK INTERIM ANALYSIS (2005)

Background: Although GCA is responsive to glucocorticoids (GCS), therapy causes significant toxicity and often fails to induce sustained remission. Purpose: Assess safety and efficacy of infliximab (IFX) in patients (pts) with new onset GCA in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center, Phase II study. Methods:Eligibility: diagnosis of GCA (ACR criteria); GCA of ≤4 weeks (wks) duration; resolution of GCA features and normal ESR following treatment with 40–60 mg prednisone or prednisolone/day; remission for 1 wk prior to randomization. Exclusions: absence of infection, malignancies within 5 years, congestive heart failure and advanced disease of critical organs. Treatment randomization: 1:2 ratio, to receive infusions of placebo or IFX 5 mg/kg, respectively, at wks 0, 2, 6, 14, 22, 30, 38, 46. All pts received GCS on a specified tapering schedule with starting dose between 40–60 mg/day. Visits: every 4 wks, through 54 wks; interim analyses at wk 22. Primary endpoints: proportion of relapse-free patients through wk 22 and safety (frequency and types of adverse events). Relapse definition: rise in ESR, normal to ≥40 mm; and one of following (i) 1 or more specified features of GCA; and (ii) any other features of GCA not attributable to any other cause and a concomitant increase in dose of GCS. Secondary endpoints included: (i) proportion of relapse-free patients at week 54; (ii) time to 1st relapse; and (iii) cumulative dose of GCS. Results: 44 pts were randomized (placebo, n = 16, IFX, n = 28) at 22 centers in 5 countries. Mean age in both groups (gps) was 71.0 years (range: 50–93). Baseline features between gps were comparable except for gender (placebo 31.3% males vs. IFX 14.3% males); fever (placebo 50.0% vs. IFX 17.9%) and visual impairment (placebo 31.3% vs. IFX 7.1%). More IFX-treated pts had positive temporal artery biopsies (66.7 placebo vs. IFX 92.3%). Efficacy was evaluated using cumulative data from 22 wks follow up. There were no differences between gps in regard to: (1) proportion of pts remaining relapse-free (50% placebo vs. 43% IFX, p = 0.651), (2) cumulative doses of GCS therapy (placebo mean±SD = 3117±971 mg vs. IFX = 3051±770 mg, p = NS) and (3) among pts who had 1st relapse, days to 1st relapse (placebo median = 84.5, IFX median = 96.5, p = NS). There was 1 case of heart failure in an IFX-treated pt. Infections were infrequent and limited to upper respiratory tract (12.5% placebo vs. 14.3% IFX). Conclusions: In this elderly population of pts with newly diagnosed GCA, IFX 5 mg/kg every 8 weeks, was well-tolerated, but during 22 weeks of treatment did not reduce number of 1st relapses or cumulative GCS dosage.
Antibody Production by Human Colostral Cells (1975)

The production of antibody by human colostral cells was assayed by the hemolysis in-gel technique. When sheep erythrocytes coated with O antigens from frequently encountered Escherichia coli bacteria were used as detector cells and anti-IgA serum was added for development, numerous plaque-forming cells (PFC) were demonstrated in all samples tested. In contrast, plaques were rarely seen in the presence of anti-IgG developing serum. The direct (IgM) plaques occasionally noted with both antigen-coated and uncoated sheep erythrocytes were mainly due to the production of heterophil antibodies, since they were not formed when human erythrocytes were used as O-antigen carriers. A strikingly high number of the colostral lymphocytes formed antibodies to the E. coli antigens, up to 8%. This suggests that these cells represent a rather selective population--possibly cells from the gastrointestinal tract exposed to enteric bacteria. The large number of plaques observed, the predominance of the cells forming IgA antibodies, and the marked changes in PFC number in relationship to parturition pose a number of questions relevant to the antibody-producing colostrum cells and their relationship to the secretory immune system.