gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Soluble Product of Human Corneal Fibroblasts Inhibits Lymphocyte Activation. Enhancement by Interferon-gamma (1993)

Corneal stromal fibroblasts expressed HLA-DP, -DQ and -DR Class II MHC antigens in response to interferon-gamma, but did not induce proliferative responses by allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro when used as stimulator cells in a mixed leukocyte-type reaction. Furthermore, corneal stromal fibroblasts inhibited mixed leukocyte reactions between peripheral blood mononuclear cells of allogeneic donors, even when the corneal stromal fibroblasts were separated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells by a 0.4 micron pore membrane. Pretreatment of the corneal stromal fibroblasts with interferon-gamma increased the inhibitory activity. Both [3H]thymidine incorporation and interleukin-2 production were inhibited, and the inhibition appeared to be mediated by a soluble factor whose production required protein synthesis. The inhibitory activity was not abolished by including 1-10 micrograms ml-1 indomethacin in the culture media. No inhibition was observed in the proliferation dose-response curves of responder peripheral blood mononuclear cells that had been cultured with corneal stromal fibroblasts for 3 days, prior to culture with allogeneic stimulator peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Thus, the ability of corneal stromal fibroblasts to interfere with alloimmune responses in vitro was dependent upon the continued presence of the fibroblasts and their continued production of a soluble inhibitory factor or factors. Inhibitors of allogeneic reactions that are produced by corneal stromal fibroblasts stimulated by immune cytokines (e.g. interferon-gamma) may play a role in prolonging corneal allograft survival.
Physiological significance of delayed rectifier K+ channels (Kv1.3) expressed in T lymphocytes and their pathological significance in chronic kidney disease (2014)

T lymphocytes predominantly express delayed rectifier K(+) channels (Kv1.3) in their plasma membranes. More than 30 years ago, patch-clamp studies revealed that the channels play crucial roles in facilitating the calcium influx necessary to trigger lymphocyte activation and proliferation. In addition to selective channel inhibitors that have been developed, we recently showed physiological evidence that drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, and anti-hypertensives effectively suppress the channel currents in lymphocytes, and thus exert immunosuppressive effects. Using experimental animal models, previous studies revealed the pathological relevance between the expression of ion channels and the progression of renal diseases. As an extension, we recently demonstrated that the overexpression of lymphocyte Kv1.3 channels contributed to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by promoting cellular proliferation and interstitial fibrosis. Together with our in-vitro results, the studies indicated the therapeutic potency of Kv1.3-channel inhibitors in the treatment or the prevention of CKD.
The Prevention of Violent Behavior by Chronic and Serious Male Juvenile Offenders (2004)

Over the past several decades, an increasing number of youth have been incarcerated for violent offenses. Existing interventions for serious offenders target the prevention of subsequent delinquent behavior in general, rather than the prevention of violent behavior in particular. Within the context of a randomized clinical trial of 79 adolescent males involved in the juvenile justice system, we examine the ability of multidimensional treatment foster care (MTFC) to prevent subsequent violent offending relative to services-as-usual group home care (GC). Data on offending were collected every 6 months for a 2-year period following entry into the study. The method of generalized estimating equations was used to analyze the data. Results indicate that MTFC youth were significantly less likely to commit violent offenses than youth placed in services-as-usual group care. The group effect held even after control variables, including age at placement, age at first arrest, official and self-reported prior offenses, and time since baseline,were introduced into the model. Twenty-four percent of GC youth had two or more criminal referrals for violent offenses in the 2 years following baseline versus only 5% of MTFC youth. The rates of self-reported violent offending for MTFC youth were in the normative range following baseline, whereas rates for GC youth were 4 to 9 times higher. MTFC youth were also significantly less likely to report incidents of common violence, such as hitting.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESE VON 1‐ACYLISOCHINOLINEN UEBER REISSERT‐VERBINDUNGEN 19. MITT. DIHYDROISOCHINOLIN‐UMLAGERUNG (1973)

Abstract Aus Isochinolin bzw. ö?‐Dimethoxy‐isochinolin,; Kaliumcyanid und den en sprechenden Carbonsäurehalogeniden werden nach der Methylenchlorid/Was Methode die Reissert‐Verbindungen (I) dargestellt, die mit Perchlorsäure die Cyclisierungsprodukte (II) ergeben.
Automation of Infrared Spectrometry (1965)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAutomation of Infrared SpectrometryNeal L. McNiven, Paul. Hoffman, and George. ScrimshawCite this: Anal. Chem. 1965, 37, 6, 778–779Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1965Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1965https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60225a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60225a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views14Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Experimental and Theoretical Analysis for Designing a Grid Clearing System for the NEXT Ion Propulsion System (2005)

Screen to accelerator grid shorts have occurs on two NASA spacecraft using ion propulsion systems. This resulted in loss of thrusting capabilities on one of the spacecraft.
<i>HERODOT</i> Thematic Network and the Tuning of Geography Education in Europe (2004)

This article outlines the aims and role of the European HERODOT Thematic Network for Geography in Higher Education. It focuses in particular on one of the project’s research pillars, which considers Europeanisation in Geography and the curriculum. The Tuning of academic subjects, through subject specific Thematic Networks, addresses several of the recommendations of the Bologna Declaration. This pillar is currently undertaking a survey of academics, students and employers in order to identify the importance placed on both subject specific and generic competences. The outcome of this research is the self-Tuning of Geography in Europe leading ultimately to curriculum changes and course developments based upon an increased awareness of the needs of employers.
Forecasting with Alternative Data (2020)

We consider the problem of forecasting fine-grained company financials, such as daily revenue, from two input types: noisy proxy signals a la alternative data (e.g. credit card transactions) and sparse ground-truth observations (e.g. quarterly earnings reports). We utilize a classical linear systems model to capture both the evolution of the hidden or latent state (e.g. daily revenue), as well as the proxy signal (e.g. credit cards transactions). The linear system model is particularly well suited here as data is extremely sparse (4 quarterly reports per year). In classical system identification, where the central theme is to learn parameters for such linear systems, unbiased and consistent estimation of parameters is not feasible: the likelihood is non-convex; and worse, the global optimum for maximum likelihood estimation is often non-unique.
Salivary Proteins Associated with Periodontitis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2012)

The objective of this study was to investigate the salivary proteins that are associated with periodontitis in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Volunteers for the study were patients from the Diabetic Unit, University of Malaya Medical Centre, whose periodontal status was determined. The diabetic volunteers were divided into two groups, i.e., patients with periodontitis and those who were periodontally healthy. Saliva samples were collected and treated with 10% TCA/acetone/20 mM DTT to precipitate the proteins, which were then separated using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Gel images were scanned using the GS-800(TM) Calibrated Densitometer. The protein spots were analyzed and expressed in percentage volumes. The percentage volume of each protein spot was subjected to Mann-Whitney statistical analysis using SPSS software and false discovery rate correction. When the expression of the salivary proteins was compared between the T2DM patients with periodontitis with those who were periodontally healthy, seven proteins, including polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, plastin-2, actin related protein 3, leukocyte elastase inhibitor, carbonic anhydrases 6, immunoglobulin J and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, were found to be differentially expressed (p < 0.01304). This implies that the proteins may have the potential to be used as biomarkers for the prediction of T2DM patients who may be prone to periodontitis.
Development of a new type surface actuator (2002)

In recent times, actuators using linear pulse motors have increased in industrial applications because they can obtain linear motion without gears and belts. Moreover, actuators that move in two directions on the x-y plane, have been reported and studied. Conventional actuators can only move in horizontal and vertical directions on the x-y plane. The authors describe a new actuator which consists of electromagnets as a stator and one or two pairs of permanent magnets as a mover. Consequently, the mover is free from wire connection, and the mover can rotate in addition to motion in the horizontal and vertical directions by the excitation of the stator coils. This paper presents the principles of operation and the characteristics of this actuator when the air gap is varied. Moreover, in cases where repelling force is used, the consumed power is reduced by about half.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Loss of chromosome 17p13 sequences and mutation of p53 in human breast carcinomas. (1991)

DNAs from ninety seven primary breast carcinoma biopsies have been examined for loss of sequences on 17p13. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis has been carried out on the majority of these cases to determine whether p53 gene expression can be detected. Detection of p53 expression is taken to indicate mutation of p53 leading to stabilisation of the protein and thus detectable levels of p53 in the cell. In 86% of breast carcinoma samples where both allele loss and expression data were available, loss of sequences on 17p13 and/or expression of p53 was detected. Alterations to p53, whether loss of one allele or mutation, are therefore by far the most common changes so far detected in primary human breast tumours. In three cases where expression of p53 could be detected by immunohistochemistry, the precise mutation to p53 was identified. All three mutations fall within the regions which are highly conserved in p53, encoded by exons 5 to 8. Two are single base changes leading to misense mutations, and the third is a single base-pair deletion. The expression of the latter gene would result in production of a truncated protein which should lack normal biological activities.
Butyramide-utilizing Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8602 which Produce an Amidase with Altered Substrate Specificity (1969)

SUMMARY Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 8602 were isolated which, unlike the wild type, were able to grow with butyramide as a carbon source. Six mutants derived from the constitutive strain c 11 were shown to produce an enzyme (B amidase) with altered electrophoretic mobility and altered substrate specificity. The apparent K m for butyramide of the B amidase was about a tenth of that of the A amidase and the V max was about ten-fold greater. A further mutation produced mutants able to grow on valeramide.
Involvement of the sphingomyelin pathway in autocrine tumor necrosis factor signaling for human immunodeficiency virus production in chronically infected HL-60 cells (1994)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a potent inducer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proviral transcription and subsequent mature virus production. Recent investigations have shown that TNF can use a signal transduction pathway in HL-60 cells involving sphingomyelin hydrolysis to ceramide with subsequent stimulation of a ceramide-linked kinase. When sphingomyelinase was added exogenously to activate this cascade in HIV-1-infected HL-60 cells, it mimicked TNF- induced HIV production. Phospholipases A2, C, or D, which do not generate ceramide, had no effect; however, a synthetic ceramide analog added exogenously potently induced HIV production. In addition, anti- TNF antibodies blocked much of the effect of both sphingomyelinase and the synthetic ceramide analog on virus expression, suggesting that, although signaling is initiated through the sphingomyelin pathway, it is sustained by autocrine TNF synthesis. Thus, direct activation of the sphingomyelin pathway recapitulated the effect of TNF on both HIV and TNF production. These studies indicate that the sphingomyelin pathway is involved in TNF signaling for HIV production in chronically infected myeloid cells.
Brain transport of neurotoxin‐I with PLA nanoparticles through intranasal administration in rats: a microdialysis study (2008)

The purpose of this study was to encapsulate neurotoxin-I (NT-I) within polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticles (NPs) and to evaluate their transport into the brain after intranasal administration (i.n.) using a microdialysis sampling technique. NT-I-NPs (NT-I radiolabeled with sodium [(125)I]iodide) were prepared and characterized. Then, NT-I-NPs were administered i.n. or i.v. to rats and the radioactivities in the olfactory bulbs were monitored for up to 240 min. The nanoparticles prepared were spherical with a homogenous size distribution. The mean particle size, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency were -28.6+/-2.3 mV, 65 nm and 35.5+/-2.8%, respectively. The brain transport results showed that the time to reach the peak level (T(max)) of NT-I-NPs (i.n.) was 65 min, shorter than NT-I-NPs (i.v.) (95 min) or NT-I (i.v.) (145 min). The concentration at peak level (C(max)) and the total area under the concentration-time curves from zero to 4 h (AUC(0-4 h)) of each group followed the following order: NT-I-NPs (i.n.)>NT-I-NPs (i.v.)>NT-I (i.v.). The corresponding absolute bioavailabilities (Fabs) of NT-I-NPs (i.n.) were about 160%, 196% with NT-I-NPs (i.v.) and NT-I (i.v.) as reference preparations, respectively. The brain delivery of NT-I could be enhanced with PLA nanoparticles either through i.n. or i.v. administration. Furthermore, the enhancement was more significant for i.n. than for i.v. administration. Nanoparticles as carriers would be a potential way to improve the brain transport for centrally active peptides.
The Role of Pollen Allelopathy in Weed Ecology<sup>1</sup> (2001)

Pollen allelopathy results when pollen releases toxins that inhibit seed germination, seedling emergence, sporophytic growth, or sexual reproduction. Of the six known pollen-allelopathic species, two are crops (timothy and corn and four are weeds (orange hawkweed, parthenium, yellow hawkweed, and yellow-devil hawkweed). Allelopathic pollen in weeds could pose threats to crops, especially if both are wind pollinated. Even if it is the crop that is pollen-allelopathic, other crops could be threatened, or more likely, weeds might adapt to pollen allelopathy and pose a greater problem. Nonetheless, pollen allelopathy could be a useful approach to biological control because allelochemicals are packaged in a natural targeting system (pollen grains) and are biologically active at low doses (<10 grains/mm2 on stigmas). If it is to be an effective biological control agent, pollen allelopathy must be examined within the wider context of farming systems management and used as one method of varying selection pressures to prevent weeds from adapting to any one particular management technique or suite of techniques.Nomenclature: Corn, Zea mays L. var. chalquiñocónico Hernández; orange hawkweed, Hieracium aurantiacum L. #3 HIEAU; yellow hawkweed, Hieracium pratense Tausch # HIECA; yellow-devil hawkweed, Hieracium floribundum W. et G. # HIEFL; parthenium, Parthenium hysterophorus L. # PTNHY; timothy, Phleum pratense L. # PHLPR.Additional index words: Biological control, farming systems, heterospecific pollen transfer, improper pollen transfer, integrated weed management, pollination, Elytrigia repens, Sonchus oleraceus, AGRRE, SONOL.
An inverse problem of thickness design for single layer textile material under low temperature (2010)

Based on the model of steady-state heat and moisture transfer through textiles, we propose an inverse problem of thickness design for single layer textile material under low temperature. Adopting the idea of regularization method, solving the inverse problem can be formulated into a function minimization problem. Combining the finite difference method for ordinary differential equations with direct search method of one-dimensional minimization problems, we derive three kinds of iteration algorithms of regularized solution for the inverse thickness problem. Numerical simulation is achieved in order to verify the validity of proposed methods.
Real-time structured light patterns coding with subperfect submaps (2010)

Coded structured light is a technique that allows the 3-D reconstruction of poorly or non-textured scene areas. The codes, uniquely associated with visual primitives of the projected pattern, allow to solve the correspondence problem using local information only with robustness against pertubations like high curvatures, occlusions, out of field of view, out-of-focus. Real-time 3-D reconstruction is possible with pseudo-random arrays, where the encoding is done in a single pattern using spatial neighbourhood. Ensuring a higher Hamming distance between all the used codewords, will allow to correct more mislabeled primitives and thus ensure patterns globally more robust.1 Up to now, the proposed coding schemes ensured the Hamming distance between all the primitives of the pattern which was generated offline, beforehand, producing Perfect SubMaps (PSM). But knowing the epipolar geometry of the projector-camera system, one can ensure the Hamming distance only between primitives that will project along nearby epipolar lines, because these only can produce correspondence ambiguity during the decoding process. As for such a new coding scheme, the Hamming distance have to be checked only in subsets of the pattern primitives, the patterns are globally far less constrained and therefore can be generated at a video framerate. We call such a new pattern coding as SubPerfect SubMaps (SPSM).
Public libraries in Catalonia : a status report after a decade of the Library Law (1993)

Starts with a critique of the Library Law (1981) and the Normes per\na biblioteques publiques a Catalunya, and continues with an analysis of achievements,\nplanning studies and action taken in this field since then.\nThe most recent activities of the agencies involved in the public library field are\npresented, together with the conclusions reached by the Public Library\nCommission created by the Department of Culture.\nA general outline of a desirable plan of action is given, with definitions of jurisdictions,\ndistribution of funds, and a description of the Library Map.\nProposals for the development of aspects of the Law in the field of public libraries\nand the role of the associations in overseeing compliance are presented.\nIn conclusion, the authors emphasize the need to change the image of the\npublic library.
Safety and tolerability of dalcetrapib (RO4607381/JTT-705): results from a 48-week trial (2010)

Dalcetrapib 900 mg administered for up to 48 weeks showed no clinically relevant changes in lymph nodes, BP, or other safety parameters. Dalcetrapib effectively increased HDL-C over 48 weeks of treatment.
Virulent Marek's disease virus generated from infectious bacterial artificial chromosome clones with complete DNA sequence and the implication of viral genetic homogeneity in pathogenesis (2010)

Genetic homogeneity of a test population is essential to precisely associate a viral genome sequence and its phenotype at the nucleotide level. However, homogeneity is not easy to achieve for Marek's disease virus (MDV) due to its strictly cell-associated replication. To address this problem, two virulent infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones of MDV were generated from an MDV genome previously cloned as five overlapping cosmids. The Md5SN5BAC clone has the BAC vector inserted between the 3' ends of UL3 and UL4, such that no known ORFs should be disrupted. The BAC vector is flanked by loxP sites, so that it can be deleted from the viral genome by transfecting Md5SN5BAC into a newly developed chicken cell line that constitutively expresses Cre recombinase. The Md5B40BAC clone has the BAC vector replacing a portion of US2, a location similar to that used by other groups to construct MDV-BAC clones. Although both BACs were capable of producing infectious virulent MDV when inoculated into susceptible chickens, Md5B40BAC-derived viruses showed somewhat better replication in vivo and higher virulence. Removal of the BAC vector in Md5SN5BAC-derived viruses had no influence on virulence. Interestingly, when genetically homogeneous virulent MDV generated from Md5B40BAC was mixed with avirulent virus, the overall virulence of the mixed population was noticeably compromised, which emphasizes the importance of MDV population complexity in pathogenesis.