gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
P1‐141: Altered core body temperature in triple transgenic (3xTgAD) Alzheimer's disease mice (2010)

Alterations in energy balance such as changes in body weight and food intake are frequently observed throughout the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in humans. In triple transgenic (3xTgAD) mice we have also observed changes in energy balance, namely changes in body weight, food intake and metabolic rate. Interestingly there are also reports of elevated core body temperature in AD patients. The cause and consequences of these alterations in body temperature in AD have not yet been resolved, and warrant further investigation, therefore we chose to study this in 3xTgAD mice. Individually-housed 8-month old 3xTgAD and non-transgenic (Non-Tg) control mice had their core body temperature monitored by remote radiotelemetry for a period of 2 months. To establish whether any changes in body temperature were mediated via the cyclooxygenase pathway sub-groups of 3xTgAD and Non-Tg mice were treated with ibuprofen. Immediately prior to sacrifice all cohorts of mice were tested (Y-maze) for cognitive function. Core body temperature was elevated chronically over a 2-month period in 3xTgAD mice when compared to Non-Tg. Elevations in temperature did not appear to be due to increased food intake and were not cyclooxygenase dependent, since the temperature rise was not abolished by chronic ibuprofen treatment. These data demonstrate a chronic increase in core body temperature in 3xTgAD mice, although the underlying mechanisms and relevance to human AD remains to be tested.
Multispectral image feature selection for land mine detection (2000)

The authors' system uses a camera that acquires registered images in six spectral bands and a supervised-learning algorithm to detect metal and plastic land mines. Results show that even with a small sample size, the detection performance is good and holds promise for future work with larger data sets.
Studies on Vitamin B<sub>1</sub> and Related Compound. XXIII (1951)

By reacting 2-methyl-4-amino-5-aminomethylpyrimidine (I) and γ-aceto-γ-thiocyanopropyl acetate (II) in butanol 3-[2′-methyl-4′-aminopyrimidyl (5′)]-methyl-4-methyl-5-β-acetoxyethylthiazolone imide (2) (V), m.p. 208° (picrate, m.p. 208° (decomp.)), was obtained with a concurrent formation of acetylthiochrome (IV). Hydrolysis of (V) with diluted hydrochloric acid yields 3-[2′-methyl-4′-aminopyrimidyl (5′)]-methyl-4-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethylthiazolone imide (2) (VI), m.p. 228°, which gives a hydrochloride of m.p. 267-268° (decomp.), and a picrate which melts once at 195° and decomposes with blackening and effervescence at 220°. (VI) can also be obtained by the reaction of 2-methyl-4-amino-5-bromomethylpyrimidine hydrobromide (VII) and 2-amino-4-methyl-5-β-hydroxyethylthiazole (VIII) in dioxane or butanol with subsequent liberation by alkalis. Both these processes, however, give poor yield of (VI) which inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and acts as an antagonist to thiamine.
Abstract 1612: Investigating NF-κB pathway as a novel therapeutic target in preclinical lung cancer mouse models (2011)

Abstract Lung cancer represents the most frequent cancer type and the leading cause of cancer death (1.3 million worldwide). Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of all lung cancer cases. NSCLC development is associated with frequent mutations in well-defined oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes such as Kras (30%) and p53 (50-70%). We recently demonstrated that hyper-activated NF-kB pathway in NSCLC is required for the initiation and maintenance of lung cancer, indicating this pathway as a promising therapeutic target. In this study, we tested therapeutic delivery of proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib (Velcade) to inhibit NF-κB pathway in NSCLC mouse models. In mouse lung cancer cell lines harboring KrasG12D and p53 loss (KP cells), Bortezomib efficiently reduced nuclear p65, repressed NF-kB target genes such as Bcl2 and rapidly induced apoptosis. The cell lines with high NF-kB activity are especially sensitive to Bortezomib. Using autochothonous mouse models and microCT imaging, we showed that Bortezomib treatment at a well-tolerated dose leads to lung tumor regression in mice and prolonged survival. Our results demonstrated using preclinical mouse models to study cancer treatment response and supported NF-kB pathway as an effective therapeutic target in lung cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1612. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1612
N‐terminal fusion of a hyperthermophilic chitin‐binding domain to xylose isomerase from <i>Thermotoga neapolitana</i> enhances kinetics and thermostability of both free and immobilized enzymes (2010)

Immobilization of a thermostable D-xylose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.5) from Thermotoga neapolitana 5068 (TNXI) on chitin beads was accomplished via a N-terminal fusion with a chitin-binding domain (CBD) from a hyperthermophilic chitinase produced by Pyrococcus furiosus (PF1233) to create a fusion protein (CBD-TNXI). The turnover numbers for glucose to fructose conversion for both unbound and immobilized CBD-TNXI were greater than the wild-type enzyme: k(cat) (min(-1)) was approximately 1,000, 3,800, and 5,800 at 80 degrees C compared to 1,140, 10,350, and 7,000 at 90 degrees C, for the wild-type, unbound, and immobilized enzymes, respectively. These k(cat) values for the glucose to fructose isomerization measured are the highest reported to date for any XI at any temperature. Enzyme kinetic inactivation at 100 degrees C, as determined from a bi-phasic inactivation model, showed that the CBD-TNXI bound to chitin had a half-life approximately three times longer than the soluble wild-type TNXI (19.9 hours vs. 6.8 hours, respectively). Surprisingly, the unbound soluble CBD-TNXI had a significantly longer half-life (56.5 hours) than the immobilized enzyme. Molecular modeling results suggest that the N-terminal fusion impacted subunit interactions, thereby contributing to the enhanced thermostability of both the unbound and immobilized CBD-TNXI. These interactions likely also played a role in modifying active site structure, thereby diminishing substrate-binding affinities and generating higher turnover rates in the unbound fusion protein.
Measurement of Secondary Ultrasonic Waves from Microbubbles by Holographic Image Reconstruction (2003)

Oscillation of a microbubble under an ultrasonic wave produces a secondary ultrasonic wave around the bubble. In this paper, a novel method for reconstructing a secondary wave source map is proposed. A holographic method is adopted in order to derive both the amplitude and phase maps of secondary ultrasonic wave sources. Experiments are carried out using microbubbles produced by an ultrasonic wave contrast agent.
Effect of damping resistance on voltage versus flux relation of a dc SQUID with large inductance and critical current (1985)

The effect of a damping resistance on the relation between a voltage V and a magnetic flux Φ of a dc SQUID is studied theoretically for the case with a large SQUID parameter βL=2LI0/Φ0 , where L is a loop inductance, I0 is a critical current, and Φ0 is the flux quantum. An approximate analytical expression for the V-Φ relation is obtained by replacing the Josephson junctions with ac current generators. It is shown that the V-Φ relation becomes almost independent of the value of βL in the case of large damping. As a result, the conversion efficiency dV/dΦ is not degraded even for large βL , as is not the case with a conventional SQUID without the damping resistance. This result indicates the possibility to use the SQUID with large βL for the improvement of the coupling between the SQUID and the input coil without the degradation of the conversion efficiency. Effect of the capacitance is also studied. It is shown that the effect of the capacitance becomes remarkable for the case of βc≳0.4 , where βc is the McCumber parameter; for example, at βc=1 the conversion efficiency becomes about 30% of that at βc=0 . These analytical results are in good agreement with numerical-simulation ones.
Induction of apoptosis, depletion of glutathione, and DNA damage by extracorporeal photochemotherapy and psoralen with exposure to UV light in vitro. (2001)

Extra corporeal photochemotherapy (ECPT) is a novel treatment for disorders caused by aberrant T lymphocytes. The effects of ECPT were investigated in mononuclear cells (MNC) of six patients suffering from either Sezary syndrome, mycosis fungoides, systemic sclerosis, pemphigus vulgaris or Hodgkin's disease. ECPT caused moderate to severe induction of apoptosis and depletion of glutathione in the MNC of two out of these six patients. The MNC were then treated with 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and UV light in vitro and analyzed for apoptosis and glutathione levels. 8-MOP and UV light induced a profile of cellular alterations that is similar to ECPT. In addition, we measured DNA damage by means of a PCR-based methodology. As exemplified by the T-cell receptor-delta and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase genes, DNA damage correlated with induction of apoptosis and depletion of glutathione. It is, therefore, reasonable to propose that UV-induced glutathione depletion contributes to DNA lesions which ultimately account for the onset of apoptosis.
Suppression of Electromigration Early Failure of Cu/Porous Low-<i>k</i>Interconnects Using Dummy Metal (2009)

The electromigration (EM) lifetime of Cu/porous low-k interconnects was evaluated by EM experiments in which the effect of back-flow stress was negligible. The EM lifetime of the downstream mode was reduced using a porous low-k film (SiOCH) as an intermetal dielectric (IMD) in comparison with using a SiO2 dielectric. The reduction in EM lifetime was observed only at low cumulative failure probability, considered as "early failure". The early failure was caused by the formation of a slit void under a via. It was found that the early failure was suppressed by placing a dummy metal near the metal/via contact that inhibited the formation of a slit void. The EM degradation of Cu/porous low-k interconnects is likely to be caused by the mechanical properties of porous low-k film. The dummy metal supports the porous low-k film near the metal/via contact, which leads to improved EM.
Posttranscriptional Regulation of Urokinase Receptor Expression by Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonuclear Protein C (2008)

Interaction of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) with its receptor, uPAR, is a key regulatory step in uPA-mediated cell proliferation and migration. Our previous studies demonstrated that posttranscriptional stabilization of uPAR mRNA by uPA contributes to the induction of cell surface uPAR expression, and heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein C1 (hnRNPC) binds to a 110 nt sequence of uPAR mRNA 3'-UTR, thereby preventing its degradation. These observations indicate that hnRNPC could be involved in the induction of uPAR expression by uPA. In the present study, we investigated this possibility and confirmed that uPA increased the binding of hnRNPC to the 3'-UTR of uPAR mRNA. Furthermore, uPA induced tyrosine phosphorylation of hnRNPC and uPAR expression through mRNA stabilization. Inhibition of hnRNPC tyrosine phosphorylation abolished its interaction with uPAR mRNA and suppressed mRNA stabilization and cell surface uPAR expression. Deletion experiments revealed that hnRNPC binds to uPAR mRNA through its RNA binding domain (RBD). Site-directed mutagenesis studies further indicated that phosphorylation of tyrosine residue 57 (Y57) present in RBD of hnRNPC by uPA is essential for uPAR 3'-UTR mRNA binding and uPAR expression. Increased hnRNPC interaction with the uPAR mRNA 3'-UTR through phosphorylation of Y57 represents a novel mechanism by which uPA regulates posttranscriptional uPAR mRNA turnover and cell surface uPAR expression.
Sensor Integration by Joint PDF Construction using the Exponential Family (2013)

We investigate the problem of sensor integration to combine all the available information in a multi-sensor setting from a statistical standpoint. Specifically, we propose a novel method of constructing the joint probability density function (pdf) of the measurements from all the sensors based on the exponential family and small signal assumption. The constructed pdf only requires knowledge of the joint pdf under a reference hypothesis and, hence, is useful in many practical cases. Examples and simulation results show that our method requires less information compared with existing methods but attains comparable detection/classification performance.
CFD SIMULATION OF FLOW THROUGH AN OPEN CELL FOAM (2008)

A sample of an open-celled plastic foam has been examined using a combination of experimental, microscopic and computational methods. The aim was to use image-based meshing techniques to generate for the first time geometrically faithful models of the microstructure of the foam, and to use Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to compute flow properties and pressure drops across the sample. The microstructure of the foam was also investigated experimentally and using SEM to provide further information for the computational analysis. A comparison was made with existing experimental data on flows through foams, and the unit pressure drop was found to correlate with the flow speed in the appropriate manner.
Efficient Bio-Inspired Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis with Electropolymerized Cobalt Corroles (2018)

Fuel cells are considered as the only viable solution for long-range electromobility, but very rare and expensive platinum is currently required for catalyzing the bottleneck reaction therein: oxygen reduction. Within the search for catalysts that are not based on precious metals, cobalt corroles were uncovered to fulfill the requirements of high selectivity and low overpotential. We now report on the electropolymerization of a specifically designed catalyst, a cobalt(III) complex of tris(4-aminophenyl)corrole, upon which 3D polymeric structures were obtained. Much better catalytic activity was obtained by this approach in comparison to monomeric catalyst, manifested by significantly lower overpotentials, as well as higher selectivity to the desired 4e–/4H+ pathway. The performance in an alkaline environment makes it the most active molecular catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction reported to date.
Metallothionein structure update (1999)

Metallothioneins (MTs) are low molecular weight (2–7 kDa), cysteine-rich proteins which bind with high affinity to metal ions, such as Zn(II), Cd(II), Cu(I) and Ag(I), in unusual metal-thiolate clusters [1-3]. MT biosynthesis is induced by a wide range of factors, including metal ions, oxidative stress, glucocorticoid hormones and cytokines, leading to their implication in many diverse cellular processes. However, the primary function of MTs under normal physiological conditions is in the transport and storage of the essential metals: zinc and copper.
Organometallic Complexes for Non-Linear Optics. 51. Second- and Third-Order Non-Linear Optical Properties of Alkynylgold Complexes* (2012)

The alkynes HC=CC6H2-2,6-Et2-4-C=CC6H4-4-NO2 (4) and HC=CC6H4-4-C=CC6H2-2,6-Et2-4-C=CC6H4-4-NO2 (6) and gold alkynyl complexes Au{C=CC6H2-2,5-(OEt)2-4-C=CC6H4-4-NO2}(PPh3) (7), Au(C=CC6H2-2,6-Et2-4-C=CC6H4-4-NO2)(PPh3) (8), and Au(C=CC6H4-4-C=CC6H2-2,6-Et2-4-C=CC6H4-4-NO2)(PPh3) (9) have been synthesized. The linear optical properties and quadratic optical non-linearities of 7–9 have been measured, the latter by hyper-Rayleigh scattering at 1064 nm, and compared with data for the previously reported complexes Au(C=CC6H4-4-NO2)(PPh3) (10) and Au(C=CC6H4-4-C=CC6H4-4-NO2)(PPh3) (11). The optical absorption maximum red-shifts and the first hyperpolarizabilities increase on p-system lengthening and on introduction of electron-releasing substituents on the p-bridge ring adjacent to the metal centre. The cubic non-linear optical properties of 1,4-{(PCy3)Au(C=C)}2C6H4 (12) and {(PCy3)Au(C=C-4-C6H4C=C)}6C6 (13) have been assessed by wide spectroscopic range femtosecond Z-scan studies; the maximal values of the imaginary component and the effective two-photon absorption cross-section increase markedly on proceeding from linear complex 12 to 6-fold-symmetric complex 13, an increase that is maintained when data are scaled by relative molecular weight.
Construction of Hilbert Transform Pairs of Wavelet Bases and Gabor-like Transforms (2009)

We propose a novel method for constructing Hilbert transform (HT) pairs of wavelet bases based on a fundamental approximation-theoretic characterization of scaling functions--the B-spline factorization theorem. In particular, starting from well-localized scaling functions, we construct HT pairs of biorthogonal wavelet bases of L^2(R) by relating the corresponding wavelet filters via a discrete form of the continuous HT filter. As a concrete application of this methodology, we identify HT pairs of spline wavelets of a specific flavor, which are then combined to realize a family of complex wavelets that resemble the optimally-localized Gabor function for sufficiently large orders. Analytic wavelets, derived from the complexification of HT wavelet pairs, exhibit a one-sided spectrum. Based on the tensor-product of such analytic wavelets, and, in effect, by appropriately combining four separable biorthogonal wavelet bases of L^2(R^2), we then discuss a methodology for constructing 2D directional-selective complex wavelets. In particular, analogous to the HT correspondence between the components of the 1D counterpart, we relate the real and imaginary components of these complex wavelets using a multi-dimensional extension of the HT--the directional HT. Next, we construct a family of complex spline wavelets that resemble the directional Gabor functions proposed by Daugman. Finally, we present an efficient FFT-based filterbank algorithm for implementing the associated complex wavelet transform.
Oxidative Extraction of Lanthanide Metals from Molten Bismuth by Fused Salts (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOxidative Extraction of Lanthanide Metals from Molten Bismuth by Fused SaltsWilliam S. GinellCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1959, 51, 2, 185–188Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1959https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie50590a046https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50590a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views98Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
A LIBS spectral database obtained in Martian conditions with an echelle spectrometer for in situ analysis of Mars soils and rocks (2002)

LIBS method is well-known for its numerous advantages such as 1) rapid analysis, 2) simultaneous multi-elemental detection, 3) detection of high and low z elements, 4) ability to drill onto the sample up to several hundreds of micrometers and 5) stand-off analysis capability [1, 2]. A project called MALIS (Mars elemental Analysis by Laser Induced breakdown Spectroscopy) is under study to perform in situ geochemical analysis of Mars soils and rocks. To demonstrate its feasibility, a laboratory set-up is tested in order to determine the specific characteristics of the laser, the optical components and the detection system that could be mounted on a rover [3]. Thus, the achievement of a LIBS spectral database under Mars atmospheric conditions seems to be of major importance to observe the actual sensitive emission lines for each element of interest without any interference and to ensure a reliable recognition of elemental composition of rock and soil in Mars atmospheric conditions.
Nitric Oxide Formation from Fuel Nitrogen Studied with a Pulse-Flame Combustor (1984)

About 5 vol.% of aniline, pyrrole, cyclohexylamine, piperidine, pyridine, pyrrolidine or n-hexylamine were used as additives in isooctane to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen bonds in fuel molecules on the formation of NO in a laboratory combustor. All of these additives increased the NO concentration substantially over that resulting from isooctane alone. Under identical experimental conditions most of the additives produced essentially the same NO concentration, with the exception of aniline and pyrrole, which increased NO to a lesser extent. The influence of N2 on NO formation was studied by comparing nitrogen and argon as a carrier gas under rich and lean conditions. The smallest contribution of fuel nitrogen to the NO formation was measured in N2 under oxidizing conditions.