gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A discriminative approach to grounded spoken language understanding in interactive robotics (2016)

Spoken Language Understanding in Interactive Robotics provides computational models of human-machine communication based on the vocal input. However, robots operate in specific environments and the correct interpretation of the spoken sentences depends on the physical, cognitive and linguistic aspects triggered by the operational environment. Grounded language processing should exploit both the physical constraints of the context as well as knowledge assumptions of the robot. These include the subjective perception of the environment that explicitly affects linguistic reasoning. In this work, a standard linguistic pipeline for semantic parsing is extended toward a form of perceptually informed natural language processing that combines discriminative learning and distributional semantics. Empirical results achieve up to a 40% of relative error reduction.
A Study on the Optimum Locations of University Restaurant (1998)

The paper analyses the optimum locations of university facilities. Pick up a student restaurant, and, using network model, do that examine the following thing with a purpose. 1) Do comparison examination with a current location and optimum location of restaurant. 2) Plan an location of existing restaurant again, and examine location of new restaurant. As a result, made clear what that did the total sum of distance with a minimum could utilize.
Enterprise Office Services (2010)

Some of the capabilities made available in SharePoint are directly tied to Microsoft Office programs. These capabilities use SharePoint to extend the functionality of Microsoft Office. In this chapter, we will discuss these enterprise Office services and describe how they extend Microsoft Office programs and enhance SharePoint centric solutions.
Clinical Perspectives on Targeting of Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells in the Treatment of Cancer (2013)

Tumors escape immune recognition by several mechanisms, and induction of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC) is thought to play a major role in tumor mediated immune evasion. MDSC arise from myeloid progenitor cells that do not differentiate into mature dendritic cells, granulocytes, or macrophages, and are characterized by the ability to suppress T cell and natural killer cell function. They are increased in patients with cancer including renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and their levels have been shown to correlate with prognosis and overall survival. Multiple methods of inhibiting MDSCs are currently under investigation. These can broadly be categorized into methods that (a) promote differentiation of MDSC into mature, non-suppressive cells (all trans retinoic acid, vitamin D), (b) decrease MDSC levels (sunitinib, gemcitabine, 5-FU, CDDO-Me), or (c) functionally inhibit MDSC (PDE-5 inhibitors, cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors). Recently, several pre-clinical tumor models of combination therapy involving sunitinib plus vaccines and/or adoptive therapy have shown promise in MDSC inhibition and improved outcomes in the tumor bearing host. Current clinical trials are underway in RCC patients to assess not only the impact on clinical outcome, but how this combination can enhance anti-tumor immunity and reduce immune suppression. Decreasing immune suppression by MDSC in the cancer host may improve outcomes and prolong survival in this patient population.
Metal‐Ion‐Coordinating Properties of a Viral Inhibitor, a pyrophosphate analogue, and a herbicide metabolite, a glycinate analogue: The solution properties of the potentially five‐membered chelates derived from phosphonoformic acid and (aminomethyl)phosphonic acid (1994)

Abstract The pyrophosphoric‐acid‐analogue phosphonoformic acid (pfa) and the amino‐acid‐analogue (aminomethyl)phosphonic acid (ampa) both form, in the deprotonated state, i.e. , as – OOC–PO and H 2 NCH 2 PO , respectively, five‐membered chelate rings with metal ions. pfa inhibits both phosphate transport and virus replication, while ampa is a metabolic product of the common herbicide glyphosate (  N ‐(phosphonomethyl)glycine). The acidity constants of H 2 pfa – and H 2 ampa± as well as the stability constants of the [M(Hpfa)], [M(pfa)] – , [M(Hampa)] + , and [M(ampa)] complexes, where M 2+  Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , Ba 2+ , Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cu(2,2′‐bipyridyl) 2+ , Cu(1,10‐phenanthroline) 2+ , Zn 2+ , or Cd 2+ , have been determined by potentiometric pH titrations in aqueous solution at 25° and I  0.1 M (NaNO 3 ). The structures of isomeric complexes and the connected intramolecular equilibria are deduced and evaluated based on the equilibrium constants measured and those calculated via the p K a values of the above mentioned ligands and previously established log K vs. p K a straight‐line plots ( H. Sigel et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 1992 , 75 , 2634) for a simple phosphonate‐M 2+ coordination. pfa forms stronger complexes than ampa with all the above mentioned metal ions, with the single exception of [Cu(ampa)] which is slightly more stable than [Cu(pfa)] – . In neutral solutions, more precisely at pH of ca. 6, pfa complexes of alkaline‐earth‐metal ions retain one phosphonate‐bound proton, [M(Hpfa)], while those of the transition‐metal ions chelate with the trianionic ligand, pfa 3– . In accord with increasing ligand‐basicity, the stability‐constant order for all metal‐ion complexes is oxalate > pfa > pyrophosphate but, owing to proton competition in pyrophosphate, in neutral solutions metal‐ion complexation of pfa 3– competes with P 2 O . With ampa alkaline‐earth‐metal ions interact only with the phosphonate group of even the dianionic ligand (though Mg 2+ appears to form a low fraction of a [Mg(ampa)] chelate) while transition‐metal ions form chelates which are comparable in stability to those of glycinate.
Atmospheric boundary layer flows: their structure and measurement (1994)

1. Flow over flat uniform terrain 2. Spectra and cospectra over flat uniform terrain 3. Flow over plant canopies 4. Flow over changing terrain 5. Flow over hills 6. Sensors and techniques for observing the boundary layer 7. Acquisition and processing of boundary layer data Index
Defining resilience for the US building industry (2018)

Initiatives to operationalize the concept of resilience in the building industry are rapidly emerging. The concept of resilience has introduced a way to explore solutions to some important problems in the building industry. However, much of the work that has taken place to date represents activities generally assigned to risk management, which is discussed as being inherently insufficient for sustaining the functions of the built environment under stresses. This commentary considers the opportunities and limitations for mainstreaming resilience into building industry processes and actors. Barriers include indeterminate analytical meaning, event and performance uncertainty, immature regulatory standards setting, and untested enterprise economics. Further, the multiple outcomes of recovery and the relationship between building recovery and adaptation are discussed and, along with economics of resilience investments, a research need highlighted. A simple heuristic is presented to illustrate the complement of resilience to risk management and advance the integration of resilience into existing industry workflows.
ECG beat recognition using fuzzy hybrid neural network (2001)

This paper presents the application of the fuzzy neural network for electrocardiographic (ECG) beat recognition and classification. The new classification algorithm of the ECG beats, applying the fuzzy hybrid neural network and the features drawn from the higher order statistics has been proposed in the paper. The cumulants of the second, third, and fourth orders have been used for the feature selection. The hybrid fuzzy neural network applied in the solution consists of the fuzzy self-organizing subnetwork connected in cascade with the multilayer perceptron, working as the final classifier. The c-means and Gustafson-Kessel algorithms for the self-organization of the neural network have been applied. The results of experiments of recognition of different types of beats on the basis of the ECG waveforms have confirmed good efficiency of the proposed solution. The investigations show that the method may find practical application in the recognition and classification of different type heart beats.
The effects of a myasthenic serum on the acetylcholine receptors of C2 myotubes. I. Immunological distinction between the two toxin-binding sites of the receptor. (1985)

We have examined the effect of a serum from a patient with myasthenia gravis on the binding of alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-BuTx) to the acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) of a mouse muscle cell line, C2. After a 2-hr incubation, antibodies in the serum reduced toxin binding to C2 myotubes to a maximal extent of approximately 50%. The degradation of surface AChRs could account for the loss of only 5% of sites during the incubation; the remainder, therefore, must have been lost by blockage of binding. To investigate whether the antibodies blocked specifically one of the two toxin-binding sites that each AChR possesses, we used an analysis based on that of Sine, S. W., and P. Taylor, [1981) J. Biol. Chem. 255: 10144-10156). Although the two sites could not be distinguished by their rates of binding of alpha-BuTx, d-tubocurarine (dTC) inhibition of the initial rate of toxin binding revealed that the sites had affinities for dTC that differed by approximately 30-fold. Incubation with the myasthenic antibodies reduced the number of high affinity dTC sites, without affecting those of low affinity. We conclude that the two toxin-binding sites of the AChR are immunologically distinct.
Understanding the architecture of the egg shell (1995)

The biological function of the egg shell is as a chamber for embryonic development and from which the chick is able to emerge at the appropriate time. The characteristics which serve this purpose in an optimum way are quite different from the requirements of the table egg industry. Among the challenges imposed by commercial egg production and marketing is the ability to resist fracture damage. The industry sustains economic loss from cracked eggs and at least some of the cracking can be attributed to deficiencies in shell structure. While early research concentrated on the thickness of the shell, more recently there has been an increased emphasis on its fine structure and shape. Egg shell strength has been the subject of much research, but relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship of strength and other shell parameters to breakage under commercial conditions. Where this has been studied, the power of shell measurements to predict breakage has been found to be low. The ultrastructure of the shell has been studied during the past 25 years and this has led to extensive gains in understanding. In the case of the mammillary layer, knowledge has been advanced following the use of plasma etching and scanning electron microscopy. Several structural anomalies have been described which significantly affect shell strength and resistance to breakage. The use of finite element analysis has made possible a definitive description of shell shape and led in turn to useful work on crack generation and shell failure. Studies of the protein content of the shell, which may be an important factor in its crystal growth and structure, are also contributing to our understanding of egg shell architecture.
Open Automated Demand Response Communications in Demand Response for Wholesale Ancillary Services (2014)

The Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) is conducting a pilot program to investigate the technical feasibility of bidding certain demand response (DR) resources into the California Independent System Operator's (CAISO) day-ahead market for ancillary services nonspinning reserve.Three facilities, a retail store, a local government office building, and a bakery, are recruited into the pilot program.For each facility, hourly demand, and load curtailment potential are forecasted two days ahead and submitted to the CAISO the day before the operation as an available resource.These DR resources are optimized against all other generation resources in the CAISO ancillary service.Each facility is equipped with four-second real time telemetry equipment to ensure resource accountability and visibility to CAISO operators.When CAISO requests DR resources, PG&E's OpenADR (Open Automated DR) communications infrastructure is utilized to deliver DR signals to the facilities' energy management and control systems (EMCS).The pre-programmed DR strategies are triggered without a human in the loop.This paper describes the automated system architecture and the flow of information to trigger and monitor the performance of the DR events.We outline the DR strategies at each of the participating facilities.At one site a real time electric measurement feedback loop is implemented to assure the delivery of CAISO dispatched demand reductions.Finally, we present results from each of the facilities and discuss findings.
Effect of Hydrophobic Residue Substitutions with Glutamine on Ca<sup>2+</sup>Binding and Exchange with the N-Domain of Troponin C (2002)

Troponin C (TnC) is an EF-hand Ca(2+) binding protein that regulates skeletal muscle contraction. The mechanisms that control the Ca(2+) binding properties of TnC and other EF-hand proteins are not completely understood. We individually substituted 27 Phe, Ile, Leu, Val, and Met residues with polar Gln to examine the role of hydrophobic residues in Ca(2+) binding and exchange with the N-domain of a fluorescent TnC(F29W). The global N-terminal Ca(2+) affinities of the TnC(F29W) mutants varied approximately 2340-fold, while Ca(2+) association and dissociation rates varied less than 70-fold and more than 45-fold, respectively. Greater than 2-fold increases in Ca(2+) affinities were obtained primarily by slowing of Ca(2+) dissociation rates, while greater than 2-fold decreases in Ca(2+) affinities were obtained by slowing of Ca(2+) association rates and speeding of Ca(2+) dissociation rates. No correlation was found between the Ca(2+) binding properties of the TnC(F29W) mutants and the solvent accessibility of the hydrophobic amino acids in the apo state, Ca(2+) bound state, or the difference between the two states. However, the effects of these hydrophobic mutations on Ca(2+) binding were contextual possibly because of side chain interactions within the apo and Ca(2+) bound states of the N-domain. These results demonstrate that a single hydrophobic residue, which does not directly ligate Ca(2+), can play a crucial role in controlling Ca(2+) binding and exchange within a coupled and functional EF-hand system.
Reagentless, Structure-Switching, Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Sensors (2016)

The development of structure-switching, electrochemical, aptamer-based sensors over the past ∼10 years has led to a variety of reagentless sensors capable of analytical detection in a range of sample matrices. The crux of this methodology is the coupling of target-induced conformation changes of a redox-labeled aptamer with electrochemical detection of the resulting altered charge transfer rate between the redox molecule and electrode surface. Using aptamer recognition expands the highly sensitive detection ability of electrochemistry to a range of previously inaccessible analytes. In this review, we focus on the methods of sensor fabrication and how sensor signaling is affected by fabrication parameters. We then discuss recent studies addressing the fundamentals of sensor signaling as well as quantitative characterization of the analytical performance of electrochemical aptamer-based sensors. Although the limits of detection of reported electrochemical aptamer-based sensors do not often reach that of gold-standard methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, the operational convenience of the sensor platform enables exciting analytical applications that we address. Using illustrative examples, we highlight recent advances in the field that impact important areas of analytical chemistry. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects for this class of sensors.
Molecular cloning and expression of a human heart inward rectifier potassium channel (1994)

We have isolated a cDNA encoding an inwardly rectifying K+ channel (HH-IRK1) from human heart. The cDNA codes for a 427-amino acid protein, with two putative transmembrane domains and an H5 region. The primary structure of HH-IRK1 is homologous to that of the IRK1 channel cloned from a mouse macrophage-like cell line. Functional expression in Xenopus oocytes showed that HH-IRK1 is a K+ channel with strong inward rectification, blocked by extracellular Ba2+ and Cs+, and with a single-channel conductance of 30 pS. Northern analysis showed HH-IRK1 transcripts in human heart, brain, skeletal muscle, placenta, lung and kidney. HH-IRK1 was mapped to human chromosome 17.
Landing Page Optimization: The Definitive Guide to Testing and Tuning for Conversions (2008)

A fully updated guide to making your landing pages profitableEffective Internet marketing requires that you test and optimize your landing pages to maximize exposure and conversion rate. This second edition of a bestselling guide to landing page optimization includes case studies with before-and-after results as well as new information on web site usability. It covers how to prepare all types of content for testing, how to interpret results, recognize the seven common design mistakes, and much more. Included is a gift card for Google AdWords.Features fully updated information and case studies on landing page optimization Shows how to use Google's Website Optimizer tool, what to test and how to prepare your site for testing, the pros and cons of different test strategies, how to interpret results, and common site design mistakesProvides a step-by-step implementation plan and advice on getting support and resourcesIncludes a Google AdWords gift cardLanding Page Optimization, Second Edition is a comprehensive guide to increasing conversions and improving profits.
Dynamic Path Planning for Unmanned Vehicles Based on Fuzzy Logic and Improved Ant Colony Optimization (2020)

Technical advancement has propelled the proliferation of unmanned vehicles. Out of the multiple paths between origin (O) and destination (D), the optimal O-D path should be selected in the light of travel distance, travel time, fuel cost and pollutant emissions. This paper proposes a dynamic path planning strategy based on fuzzy logic (FL) and improved ant colony optimization (ACO). Firstly, the classic ACO was improved into the rank-based ant system. The rank-based ant system works well in static environments, but cannot adapt well to dynamic environments. Considering the difficulty in accurate digitization of dynamic factors, the improved ACO was integrated with the FL into the fuzzy logic ant colony optimization (FLACO) to find the optimal path for unmanned vehicles. Finally, the FLACO, the classic ACO and the improved ACO were separately applied to find the optimal path in a road network, with a novel concept called virtual path length. The results show that the FLACO output the shortest virtual path among the three algorithms, i.e. identified the most cost-effective path. This mean the FLACO can find the most efficient and safe path for unmanned vehicles in a dynamic manner.
Validity of indirect comparison for estimating efficacy of competing interventions: empirical evidence from published meta-analyses (2003)

Adjusted indirect comparisons usually but not always agree with the results of head to head randomised trials. When there is no or insufficient direct evidence from randomised trials, the adjusted indirect comparison may provide useful or supplementary information on the relative efficacy of competing interventions. The validity of the adjusted indirect comparisons depends on the internal validity and similarity of the included trials.
Measurement and Modeling of Propeller Cavitation in Uniform Inflow (2004)

An experimental and theoretical investigation on a cavitating propeller in uniform inflow is presented. Flow field investigations by advanced imaging techniques are used to extract quantitative information on the cavity extension. A refined map of the propeller cavitating behavior is established. Measurements are compared to numerical results obtained using an inviscid flow boundary element method for the analysis of blade partial sheet cavitation and supercavitation. The effect of the trailing wake vorticity on the prediction of the cavitation pattern is analyzed via a wake alignment technique.
Antimicrobial and physical characteristics of orthodontic primers containing antimicrobial agents (2016)

Incorporation of CHX into an orthodontic primer may help prevent enamel demineralization around surfaces without compromising its physical properties.
Association of <i>nad7a</i> Gene with Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Pigeonpea (2015)

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has been exploited in the commercial pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] hybrid breeding system; however, the molecular mechanism behind this system is unknown. To understand the underlying molecular mechanism involved in A<sub>4</sub> CMS system derived from C. cajanifolius (Haines) Maesen, 34 mitochondrial genes were analyzed for expression profiling and structural variation analysis between CMS line (ICRISAT Pigeonpea A line, ICPA 2039) and its cognate maintainer (ICPB 2039). Expression profiling of 34 mitochondrial genes revealed nine genes with significant fold differential gene expression at P ≤ 0.01, including one gene, nad4L, with 1366-fold higher expression in CMS line as compared with the maintainer. Structural variation analysis of these mitochondrial genes identified length variation between ICPA 2039 and ICPB 2039 for nad7a (subunit of nad7 gene). Sanger sequencing of nad4L and nad7a genes in the CMS and the maintainer lines identified two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in upstream region of nad4L and a deletion of 10 bp in nad7a in the CMS line. Protein structure evaluation showed conformational changes in predicted protein structures for nad7a between ICPA 2039 and ICPB 2039 lines. All above analyses indicate association of nad7a gene with the CMS for A<sub>4</sub> cytoplasm in pigeonpea. Additionally, one polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based Indel marker (nad7a_del) has been developed and validated for testing genetic purity of A<sub>4</sub> derived CMS lines to strengthen the commercial hybrid breeding program in pigeonpea.
Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Shocks (2013)

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death and prolong life in selected populations; however, many patients will receive an ICD shock, either appropriate or inappropriate. It is imperative that patients be counseled regarding this risk and adverse outcomes associated with shocks. Reduction of ICD shock should be individualized to ensure that patients receiving these devices experience the maximal benefits of therapy while minimizing the adverse consequences.