gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ein verfeinertes elektrisches Modell für Teilchentreffer und dessen Auswirkung auf die Bewertung der Schaltungsempfindlichkeit (2008)

Immer kleinere Strukturgrößen machen digitale CMOS-Schaltungen zunehmend anfällig für Strahlungsteilchen. Auf der elektrischen Ebene werden die Auswirkungen eines Strahlungsteilcheneinschlags üblicherweise durch eine Stromquelle mit zeitveränderlichen Stromverlauf modelliert. Diese Modelle nehmen an, dass der Stromverlauf durch die veränderliche Spannung über dem getroffenen pn-Übergang nicht beeinflusst wird, was zu ungenauen Vorhersagen führen kann. In diesem Artikel wird ein verfeinertes Modell vorgestellt, das die beschriebene Ungenauigkeit vermeidet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen grundsätzliche Unterschiede zu den herkömmlichen Modellen hinsichtlich Dauer und Amplitude der vorhergesagten Störimpulse. Insbesondere zeigt das verfeinerte, realistischere Modell eine Verdopplung der Fehlerrate auf Schaltwerkebene.
Lymph flow and lymph node metastasis of the thoracic esophageal cancer. (1987)

胸部食道癌の適切なリンパ節郭清範囲を知るために, 44例にリンホシンチグラフィーを行い食道のリンパ流を検討し, さらに, 両側頸部・上縦隔郭清50例の転移状況と対比した. 胸部上・中部食道癌で頸部, 上・中縦隔, 胃上部リンパ節群, 下部食道癌で下縦隔, 胃上部, 腹腔動脈周囲リンパ節群に高い転移率を認めた. 頸部リンパ節ではNo.104とNo.101の下方, 上縦隔ではNo.106右, 左が転移率, RI uptakeともに高い. 上・中部食道から頸部に至る直結型リンパ流のため, 両側頸部郭清は対側の上縦隔郭清と同じ意義を有し, 下部食道からは, 大動脈周囲リンパ節といえども豊富なリンパ流を認めており, これらの部位の検索と郭清を今後積極的に検討すべきである.
Cognitive Abilities of Language-Delayed Children (1983)

The performance and verbal IQ scores for the WPPSI and WISC-R were compared for two groups of children aged 5 to 8 1/2 years, one normal and one specifically language delayed (SLD). There 34 to 38 children in each group. In accordance with selection procedures, performance IQ scores were not significantly different across the two groups. Both verbal and full scale IQ were significantly lower for the SLD than for the normal group. Profiles of verbal subtest scores differed for normal and SLD children but profiles for performance subtest scores did not. Variability of performance subtest scores was not greater for the SLD than for the normal children. The results do not support the hypothesis that language delay in children is related to a nonverbal cognitive deficit.
Dynamic offset correction of electromagnetic flow meters (2018)

This contribution addresses the electrochemical voltage drift of electromagnetic flow meters. We will extend the conventional discrete time alternating field method to continuous operation. A Kalman filter, based on a state space model of the sensor, was developed to separate the flow-proportional signal from the noisy voltage drift of the electrodes. The new algorithm allows to process flow information rarely used today, i.e., the electrode voltage during times of stable magnetic field. Thereby a lower energy consumption and an increased accuracy can be achieved. Compared to conventional signal processing, the performance of the new method is far more independent of the transient behavior of the actual flow. Measurements show a comparable accuracy, but with a significantly reduced energy demand. Off-line signal processing let expect a theoretical power reduction factor around 150.
Beneficial Long-Term Effects of Combined Oral/Topical Antioxidant Treatment with the Carotenoids Lutein and Zeaxanthin on Human Skin: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (2007)

The results obtained indicate that the combined oral and topical administration of lutein and zeaxanthin provides the highest degree of antioxidant protection. However, oral and topical administration of these antioxidants individually also provides significant activity in the skin. In addition, oral administration of lutein may provide better protection than that afforded by topical application of this antioxidant when measured by changes in lipid peroxidation and photoprotective activity in the skin following UV light irradiation.
Induction of multidrug resistance associated protein 2 in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells (2007)

Acquired resistance to tamoxifen (TAM) is a serious therapeutic problem in breast cancer patients. The transition from chemotherapy-responsive breast cancer cells to chemotherapy-resistant cancer cells is mainly accompanied by the increased expression of multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs). In this study, it was found that TAM-resistant MCF-7 (TAMR-MCF-7) cells expressed higher levels of MRP2 than control MCF-7 cells. Molecular analyses using MRP2 gene promoters supported the involvement of the pregnane X receptor (PXR) in MRP2 overexpression in TAMR-MCF-7 cells. Although CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta was overexpressed continuously in TAMR-MCF-7 cells, this might not be responsible for the transcriptional activation of the MRP2 gene. In addition, the basal activities of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) were higher in the TAMR-MCF-7 cells than in the control cells. The inhibition of PI3-kinase significantly reduced both the PXR activity and MRP2 expression in TAMR-MCF-7 cells. Overall, MRP2 induction plays a role in the additional acquisition of chemotherapy resistance in TAM-resistant breast cancer.
Indomethacin in the Treatment of Premature Labor (1988)

Indomethacin is a potent agent in the treatment of premature labor, but its use has been limited because of concern about its constrictive effects on the fetal ductus arteriosus. To study these effects we used serial fetal echocardiography in 13 pregnant women in premature labor who received indomethacin according to three different dose schedules, ranging from 100 to 175 mg per day, for a maximum of 72 hours. The gestational ages of the fetuses ranged from 26.5 to 31.0 weeks. The detection of ductal constriction in 7 of the 14 fetuses by echocardiography led to the discontinuation of indomethacin. Three fetuses also had tricuspid regurgitation. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean (+/- SEM) gestational age of the fetuses with ductal constriction and that of those without constriction (29.3 +/- 0.59 and 28.4 +/- 0.52, respectively). There was no relation between serum indomethacin levels in the mothers and ductal constriction. In all seven fetuses affected, ductal constriction had resolved by the time they were restudied 24 hours after the discontinuation of indomethacin. Persistent fetal circulation was not detected in any of the 11 neonates studied after delivery. Indomethacin used to treat premature labor appears to cause transient constriction of the ductus arteriosus in some fetuses, even after short-term use.
Preliminary study of copper oxide nanoparticles acoustic and magnetic properties for medical imaging (2015)

The implementation of multimodal imaging in medicine is highly beneficial as different physical properties may provide complementary information, augmented detection ability, and diagnosis verification. Nanoparticles have been recently used as contrast agents for various imaging modalities. Their significant advantage over conventional large-scale contrast agents is the ability of detection at early stages of the disease, being less prone to obstacles on their path to the target region, and possible conjunction to therapeutics. Copper ions play essential role in human health. They are used as a cofactor for multiple key enzymes involved in various fundamental biochemistry processes. Extremely small size copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) are readily soluble in water with high colloidal stability yielding high bioavailability. The goal of this study was to examine the magnetic and acoustic characteristics of CuO-NPs in order to evaluate their potential to serve as contrast imaging agent for both MRI and ultrasound. CuO-NPs 7nm in diameter were synthesized by hot solution method. The particles were scanned using a 9.4T MRI and demonstrated a concentration dependent T1 relaxation time shortening phenomenon. In addition, it was revealed that CuO-NPs can be detected using the ultrasonic B-scan imaging. Finally, speed of sound based ultrasonic computed tomography was applied and showed that CuO-NPs can be clearly imaged. In conclusion, the preliminary results obtained, positively indicate that CuO-NPs may be imaged by both MRI and ultrasound. The results motivate additional in-vivo studies, in which the clinical utility of fused images derived from both modalities for diagnosis improvement will be studied.
Cortisol inactivation overload: a mechanism of mineralocorticoid hypertension in the ectopic adrenocorticotropin syndrome. (1992)

The more severe mineralocorticoid manifestations in the ectopic ACTH syndrome compared to pituitary Cushing's disease have been attributed to hypersecretion of 11-deoxycorticosterone. Another difference between the two forms of ACTH-excess, however, is a more severe degree of hypercortisolism in the ectopic syndrome. Cortisol can become a potent mineralocorticoid if its peripheral metabolism is interfered with as occurs in the syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess. This mechanism also occurs in an experimental model of the apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome induced by licorice derivatives. We have tested the hypothesis that cortisol is a major mineralocorticoid in the ectopic ACTH syndrome because of two factors, marked hypersecretion and incomplete peripheral metabolism of cortisol as a result of an overload of metabolizing enzymes. Two measures of the peripheral metabolism of cortisol were found to be markedly decreased in two patients with the ectopic ACTH syndrome. The cortisol turnover quotients were 17.2 and 19.6 (normal = 215 +/- 98) and the ring A reduction constants were 11.8 and 13.8 (normal = 101 +/- 23). These values were comparable to that found in the syndrome of apparent mineralocorticoid excess and consistent with the hypothesis that cortisol is a significant functioning mineralocorticoid in the ectopic ACTH syndrome.
The Nuclear Receptor Superfamily and Drug Discovery (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
What Is the Mechanism of Oriented Crystal Growth on Rubbed Polymer Substrates? Topography vs Epitaxy (2002)

From the oriented growth of p-nitroaniline crystals on various rubbed polymer substrates, the orientation mechanism was found to basically rely upon the formation of intermolecular interactions at the crystal/polymer interface. The observations also show that the surface topography only plays a minor role in the oriented nucleation.
<b>The Tertiary Butyl Group as a Blocking Agent for Hydroxyl, Sulfhydryl and Amido Functions in Peptide Synthesis</b> (1963)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Tertiary Butyl Group as a Blocking Agent for Hydroxyl, Sulfhydryl and Amido Functions in Peptide SynthesisFrancis M. Callahan, George W. Anderson, Rolf. Paul, and Joan E. ZimmermanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1963, 85, 2, 201–207Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1963Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1963https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00885a020RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views1146Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (1 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Synthesis, and crystal and molecular structure of µ-dibromo-µ-tetraphenyl-diphosphane-bis[tricarbonylrhenium(<scp>I</scp>)], a molecule containing a new type of tetraphenyldiphosphane bridge (1976)

No cleavage of the P–P bond occurs during the reaction of the tetrahydrofuran (thf) complex [Re2Br2(CO)6(thf)2] with P2Ph4 in toluene; an X-ray study shows that the resulting compound contains bridging tetraphenyldiphosphane in a unique type of bonding.
Temperature dependence of sperm‐egg fusion and post‐fusion events in hamster fertilization (1978)

The effects of temperature (4--37 degrees C) on sperm-egg fusion and the post-fusion events were studied. At 4--10 degrees C, acrosome-reacted spermatozoa bound to egg plasma membranes, but could not fuse with them. At 25 degrees C or above, both binding and fusion took place. The post-fusion events could occur over a broad temperature range (4--37 degrees C) but the events progressed faster with increasing temperature. An abnormal development of egg pronucleus, possibly due to an incomplete functioning of the meiotic spindle mechanism, was observed in eggs inseminated at 37 degrees C and cultured at 25 degrees C.
Strategies for processing ad hoc queries on large data warehouses (2002)

As data warehousing applications grow in size, existing data organizations and access strategies, such as relational tables and B-tree indexes, are becoming increasingly ineffective. The two primary reasons for this are that these datasets involve many attributes and the queries on the data usually involve conditions on small subsets of the attributes. Two strategies are known to address these difficulties well, namely vertical partitioning and bitmap indexes. In this paper, we summarize our experience of implementing a number of bitmap index schemes on vertically partitioned data tables. One important observation is that simply scanning the vertically partitioned data tables is often more efficient than using B-tree based indexes to answer ad hoc range queries on static datasets. For these range queries, compressed bitmap indexes are in most cases more efficient than scanning vertically partitioned tables. We evaluate the performance of two different compression schemes for bitmap indexes stored is various ways. Using the compression scheme called Word-Aligned Hybrid Code (WAH) to store the bitmaps in plain files shows the best overall performance for bitmap indexes. Tests indicate that our bitmap index strategy based on WAH is not only efficient for attributes of low cardinality, say,
Time-segmentation parallel simulation of networks of queues with loss or communication blocking (1995)

This article is concerned with the efficient simulation of communication systems on parallel processors. In most of the article, we assume that the communication system under study can be modeled as a system of finite exponential queues with a general topology (in particular, the system need not be acyclic) and with either loss or communication blocking. We also assume that to estimate the performance measures of interest, it is necessary to generate long sample paths of the system. This is the case in both steady-state simulations and in long transient simulations. The approach involves applying each processor to simulate the entire system for a part of the time horizon of interest. We present theory guaranteeing the validity of the proposed approach, and numerical results proving the viability of the approach. The proof of the validity of the approach uses the fact that the queueing systems considered are continuous time Markov chains. An essential part of the argument is a proof that sample paths starting from different initial states eventually will couple (i.e., become identical), and a simple method for recognizing the time when a sample path has become independent of the original starting state (i.e., when all sample paths have coupled, regardless of the initial state). Finally, we discuss how our approach can be used for parallel trace-driven simulations of certain nonMarkovian systems, and state the implications of this research for the initialization bias problem in steady-state simulation.
APPROACH ON IMPROVEMENT OF WATER ENVIRONMENT QUALITY ADOPTED SYSTEMATIC MANAGEMENT (2002)

Beginning with the environmental goals of water function area in Hohhot, the urban water environmental protection were discussed, such as the establishment of environmental management system, the implementation of environmental engineering and strengthening environmental supervision management.
Sexual Abuse in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: To Ask or Not to Ask – That Is the Question (2002)

Physicians identify significant barriers to pursuing an inquiry into abuse. However, a minority cited 'clinical irrelevance' as a primal barrier, the implicit statement being that the abuse history has clinical relevance. This view is consistent with opinion leaders and published treatment recommendations. Therefore, by not inquiring into the abuse history, physicians are not fulfilling their ethical responsibility to the patient. Physicians need to resolve their barriers to inquiry. Furthermore, they need to familiarize themselves with treatment recommendations and include this review in their consultation.
Atom Selection in Continuous Dictionaries: Reconciling Polar and SVD Approximations (2019)

This paper deals with efficient atom selection procedure in a continuous dictionary, as required for instance in a Frank-Wolfe approach within a BLASSO problem for the one-dimensional deconvolution problem. We show that efficient maximization of a correlation between any given vector and an atom sweeping a continuous dictionary can be performed through a particular piece-wise linear approximation of dictionaries: the polar approximation. We finally identify the polar approximation as being optimal in a mean square error sense for dictionaries with raised-cosine Toeplitz kernels.
DIFFERENTIATION OF TUMOR VERSUS SARCOIDOSIS USING T1-201 IN PATIENTS WITH HILAR AND MEDIASTINAL ADENOPATHY. (1986)

Waxman, Alan D.; Goldsmith, Mark S.; Greif, Paul M.; Ramanna, Lalitha; Brachman, Michael B.; Tanasescu, Doina E.; Berman, Daniel S.; Julien, Peter; Friedman, John D. Author Information
Preventing Indoor Environment-Related Symptom Complaints in Office Buildings (2006)

The goal of this project was to develop, based on the experience of those who investigate health complaints in buildings, practical strategies for preventing building-related symptoms in office buildings, suitable for use by those who own, lease, or manage office space.
Gas Turbine/Solar Parabolic Trough Hybrid Design Using Molten Salt Heat Transfer Fluid: Preprint (2011)

Parabolic trough power plants can provide reliable power by incorporating either thermal energy storage (TES) or backup heat from fossil fuels. This paper describes a gas turbine / parabolic trough hybrid design that combines a solar contribution greater than 50% with gas heat rates that rival those of natural gas combined-cycle plants. Previous work illustrated benefits of integrating gasturbines with conventional oil heat-transfer-fluid (HTF) troughs running at 390?C. This work extends that analysis to examine the integration of gas turbines with salt-HTF troughs running at 450 degrees C and including TES. Using gas turbine waste heat to supplement the TES system provides greater operating flexibility while enhancing the efficiency of gas utilization. The analysis indicatesthat the hybrid plant design produces solar-derived electricity and gas-derived electricity at lower cost than either system operating alone.
Simple cost-efficient magnetic suspension (2011)

The problem of reducing electric losses in a magnetic suspension is considered. Specifically, the feasibility of decreasing electric losses in dynamics in addition to the well-known method of loss reduction in statics by means of permanent magnets is discussed. It is demonstrated by an example of a simple magnetic suspension with permanent magnets that, when the suspension is brought to equilibrium, the functional in the dependence of the electromagnet coil current squared reaches a minimum; i.e., electrical losses are minimized in dynamics.
MdfA from <i>Escherichia coli</i>, a Model Protein for Studying Secondary Multidrug Transport (2006)

MdfA is a prototypic secondary multidrug transporter from Escherichia coli, which recognizes and exports a broad spectrum of structurally and electrically dissimilar toxic compounds. Here we review recent studies of MdfA, which, on the one hand, provide advanced understanding of certain aspects of secondary multidrug transport, and, on the other, address major mechanistic questions, some of which remain to be elucidated. Using biochemical, genetic, and physiological approaches, we have revealed several surprisingly promiscuous properties of MdfA including its multidrug recognition capacity, proton recognition determinants, aspects of energy utilization, and physiological role.
<b>Natural language parsing:</b> Psychological, computational, and theoretical perspectives. Edited by David R. Dowty, Lauri Karttunen, and Arnold M. Zwicky Cambridge: University Press, 1985. Pp. xiii, 413. $49.50. (1987)

This book is the first volume in a series, Studies in Natural Language Processing, launched in 1984 under the sponsorship of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Aimed at a very wide audience, with back-ground in formal linguistics, psycholinguistics, cogni-tive psychology or artificial intelligence, the series ad-dresses a number of issues in the growing interdisciplinary field of computational linguistics. As a representative of these concerns, the inaugural volume succeeds quite well in setting the tone, by demonstrat-ing the range of treatments that the notion of parsing has received from the perspectives of formal linguistics, computational analysis of language, and psycholinguis-tics. The book is not yet another workshop or conference
Arabinogalactan and fructo‐oligosaccharides have a different fermentation profile in the <scp>S</scp> imulator of the <scp>H</scp> uman <scp>I</scp> ntestinal <scp>M</scp> icrobial <scp>E</scp> cosystem ( <scp>SHIME</scp> <sup>®</sup> ) (2013)

Current prebiotics, such as fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), are limited in their persistence in the distal colon and are predominantly fermented in the proximal colon. In order to identify a potential alternative, the differences in the fermentation profile of arabinogalactan (AG) and FOS have been assessed in the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem. The effect of each product on the composition and activity of the microbial community was analysed during a 3-week treatment period at a dose of 5 g day(-1). While FOS indeed was mainly fermented in the simulated proximal colon, AG was still available for fermentation in the simulated distal colon as shown by pH profiles, size exclusion chromatography and analyses of specific enzymatic activities. As a consequence, the main effect of the products (increase in propionate and butyrate and decrease in ammonium production) occurred in different intestinal areas. DGGE and qPCR analyses confirmed that the main modulation of the microbiota by the two products occurred in different areas of the gut. AG was associated with a statistically significant increase in the concentration of total bacteria, Bacteroidetes, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a delayed bifidogenic effect and a decrease of the pathogenic Clostridium perfringens. FOS led to a strong lactobacillogenic effect.