gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Individual Genetic Effects from Binary Observations on Relatives Applied to a Family History of Respiratory Illnesses and Chronic Lung Disease of Newborns (2000)

This paper considers methods for estimating the relationship between a binary response Y and the genetic effects responsible for a second binary trait Z. The responses Y are observed only for target individuals, and the responses Z are observed only for the relatives of these targets. The analysis consists of two parts. The first part concerns the analysis of the family data Z and the second part estimates the relation between the genetic effects and Y. For the family data, a generalized linear mixed model with a logit link and Gaussian genetic (random) effects is used. Estimates of the variances of the genetic effects are obtained by using a pseudo-profile log-likelihood method. Estimation of the log likelihood involves averaging over n-dimensional normal distributions, which is done by importance sampling. The methods used in the second part are straightforward. The methods are applied to a data set containing chronic lung disease (CLDN) responses of newborns and asthma (AS), allergy (AL), chronic bronchitis (CB) and eczema (EC) responses observed for the relatives of these newborns. The clinical question is whether genetic effects of AS, AL, CB, and EC have an effect on the risk for CLDN. It can be concluded that for AS, AL, CB, and EC, the influence of genetic effects is significant. However, these genetic predispositions have no significant effect on CLDN.
FAUST: fault-injection script-based tool (2004)

The tool described in this paper aims at evaluating the effectiveness of software-implemented fault-tolerant techniques used in safety-critical systems. The target application is stressed with the injection of transient or permanent faults. The user can therefore observe the real behaviour of the application in presence of a fault, and, if necessary, take the appropriate countermeasures. The accent is put on the extreme easiness of the use and the portability on all UNIX platforms.
Effect of Air Gap on the Performance of a Capacitive Shunt RF MEMS Switch and a New Design Approach for Improved Performance (2014)

 Abstract— A Fixed - Fixed RF MEMS switch has been simulated for various air gaps and the variation of the electrical performance in accordance with the air gap has been studied. The switch was simulated and the pulls in voltages for different air gaps were practically determined by electrostatic analysis using IntelliSuite software. Subsequently, the theoretical values were determined analytically and the values were found to be closely matching with less than 2% error. The pull in voltage was found to be 9.78V for an air gap of 1.5 µm and increased to 51.36V for an air gap of 4.5 µm. However, the insertion loss was at -0.5522 dB for an air gap of 1.5µm at 60 GHz and smaller insertion losses was achieved only with larger air gaps. These investigations showed that large compromise on electrical performance is required for lower pull in voltage which is essential for the use of these switches in mobile applications. Considering these difficulties the authors have proposed a varying section fixed - fixed beam switches that can be designed to give lower pull in voltages even for larger air gaps. Therefore these proposed switches can ensure superior electrical performance along with low pull in voltages.
Medications exposure during pregnancy. A study in a university hospital. (1993)

To collect informations about drugs prescribed during pregnancy in France we carried out a retrospective survey from august to december 1989. This study was based on a questionnaire at delivery for 225 women. Socio-economic status, obstetrical past history and patterns of prescribing medications were studied. 99.5% of the women were found to have used drugs during pregnancy with a mean of 6.84 medications per woman. There was no influence of age, geographic origins, number of previous pregnancies on drug consumption; socio-professional status was also found to have a poor correlation with drug intake. Patterns of prescribing were compared to those of a previous French study made in 1976: changing pattern of prescribing were found for progestatives, corticoids, neurotropes, aspirin and beta adrenergic agents. We also pointed out that self-administered drugs decreased from 25.9 to 17.9%. This evaluation supports the need of further epidemiological studies in our country.
Diagnostics for TSE agents. (2006)

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is a fatal acquired neuro-degenerative disease in cattle, belonging to the group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) or prion diseases. Since its first recognition in the U.K. in 1986, BSE has raised great public health concerns because the BSE agent has been shown to cause variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (vCJD) in humans. With the introduction of mandatory active surveillance programmes in the European Union the need to develop rapid tests to diagnose BSE has become a high priority. Up to now, the European Union has approved twelve rapid tests for BSE monitoring in cattle, and approval for two new tests which have been evaluated in 2004 is pending. These rapid screening tests have been used in active surveillance of BSE and have greatly improved the detection of infected cattle before their entry into the human food chain. At present, no diagnostic test exists for the detection of prions in live animals or humans. New diagnostic techniques aimed at increasing the sensitivity and specificity of PrPsc detection in body fluids and at identifying novel surrogate markers are under development.
LATE ONSET OF ACUTE GENERALIZED PERITONITIS CAUSED BY INFLAMMATION OF THE REMNANT PANCREAS AFTER PYLORUS PRESERVING PANCREATODUODENECTOMY-A CASE REPORT- (1999)

A case of generalized peritonitis occurred eight months after a pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy was experienced. The patient developed anastomotic leakage at the anastomosed site between the pan-creas and jejunum after the initial operation. The leakage was cured conservatively, but some mechanism of causing stricture at the anastomosed site might occur in the course of cure. A slight dilatation of the pancreatic duct in the remnant pancreas and segmental low density area in the parenchyma were confirmed. Local-ized pancreatitis due to impaired defluxion of pancreatic juice was thought. The patient presented with abrupt onset of abdominal pain during observation of clinical course after the operation on ambulant basis. An emergency operation was performed with a diagnosis of generalized peritonitis, when a great volume of purulent fluid retention with high level of amylase was found in the abdomen. Pronounced inflammation was noted in the vicinity of the remnant pancreatic tail on the posterior surface of the remnant stomach. We diagnosed the case as generalized peritonitis due to inflammation of the remnant pancreas. After the operation, a contaminated exudate with high amylase level which was not pure pancreatic juice was continuously drained from an indwelt drain on the gastric posterior surface, that offered a suspicion of breakdown of the pancreatic duct. It is thought that anastomotic leakage caused impaired defluxion of pancreatic juice to induce the inflammatory breakdown of the pancreatic duct, with an aid of increasing internal pressure of the intestine due to adhesion as well.
Electron spin resonance spectroscopy of radical cations and anions of methylated biphenylenes, tetraphenylene, and octa-β-methyltetraphenylene (1990)

Octa-β-methyltetraphenylene has been prepared in low yield by the thermolysis of tetra-β-methyl-biphenylene.The radical cations and radical anions of tetra-α-methylbiphenylene, tetra-β-methylbiphenylene, and octamethylbiphenylene, and the radical cation of octa-β-methyltetraphenylene have been generated and their ESR spectra have been recorded and analysed. In trifluoroacetic acid containing mercury(II) trifluoroacetate, the tetra-α-methylbiphenylene radical cation undergoes mono- and dimercuriation. Tetra-β-methylbiphenylene in tetrahydrofuran in the presence of lithium apparently undergoes ring-opening to give a radical anion derived from 2,2′-dilithiobiphenyl. The structures which these spectra imply, particularly the apparent distortion which has been reported in the tetraphenylene radical anion, are discussed.
Change in the Bacterial Community of Natural River Biofilm during Biodegradation of Aniline-Derived Compounds Determined by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (2003)

The biodegradation capacity of planktonic cells and biofilms obtained from a natural river located in an industrial area was compared through the use of a river die-away biodegradation test. The change in the bacterial community during the biodegradation process was also investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA fragments and multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis of banding patterns in DGGE gel. The bacterial community structure of biofilm formed on ceramic slides submerged in natural river water were similar to those formed on natural stones in the river bed, that is, ceramic is a more suitable material for forming natural biofilm than glass or polycarbonate. Biodegradation of aniline-derived compounds revealed that aniline was easily biodegraded by both planktonic and biofilm communities. N-methylaniline, a difficult compound to biodegrade, could not be biodegraded by planktonic bacterial cells, although biofilm communities could biodegrade this compound within 7 days. The banding pattern in DGGE gel showed that one dominant bacterium appeared during biodegradation of aniline and the bacterial community was disturbed by the addition of chemicals, although bacteria formed a relatively stable community after biodegradation was completed. DGGE of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA fragments and MDS analysis of banding patterns in DGGE gel are available for monitoring bacterial populations in the biodegradation test system. These results should be useful to improve the river die-away biodegradation test.
Global gene expression profiles associated with retinoic acid‐induced differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells (2006)

We have evaluated the effects of retinoic acid (RA) treatment of F9 embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, which induces differentiation into primitive endoderm, on gene expression patterns. F9 cells were exposed to RA in culture, and global expression patterns were examined with cDNA-based microarrays at early (8 hr) and later times (24 hr) after exposure. Of the 1,176 known transcripts examined, we identified 57 genes (4.8%) that were responsive to RA at 8 and/or 24 hr: 35 were induced, 20 were repressed, and 2 were differentially regulated at these time points. To determine if our results were dependent on the array technology employed, we also evaluated the response to RA at 24 hr with oligonucleotide-based arrays. With these more dense arrays (12,488 genes), we identified an additional 353 RA-regulated genes (2.8%): 173 were upregulated and 180 were downregulated. Thus, a total of 410 genes regulated by RA were identified with roughly equivalent numbers induced or repressed. Although the expression of many genes found on both array platforms was consistent, the results for some genes were disparate. Quantitative PCR studies on a subset of these genes supported the results obtained with the cDNA arrays. Our results confirmed the regulation of several known RA-responsive genes and we also identified a number of genes not previously known to be RA-responsive. Those novel genes that were induced presumably contribute to the cellular processes required for a shift from proliferation to differentiation, whereas those new genes that were downregulated may possibly contribute to the maintenance of cell proliferation.
Synthesis of [6,n] cis-fused ring compounds via Cr-mediated dearomatisation–ring-closing metathesis (2005)

cis-Fused [6,8], [6,7], [6,6] and [6,5] ring systems containing a cyclohexadiene ring unit, a cycloenone ring and a quaternary carbon at the ring junction were obtained in only two steps from [Cr(CO)3(eta6-p-methoxyphenyl oxazoline)]. The sequence proceeds via diastereoselective addition of three C-substituents across an arene double bond, followed by allylation and ring closing metathesis (RCM). RAMP-hydrazone and (R)-isopropyloxazoline were used as chiral auxiliaries to provide, after removal of the auxiliaries, the enantiomerically highly enriched [6,7] cis-fused system.
Incremental harmonic balance method for analysis of standard/smart vehicles-to-rigid barrier frontal collision (2007)

The aim of this paper is to investigate and to enhance crashworthiness of frontal barrier impact using a new idea of crash improvement. Two different types of smart front-end structure are proposed to support the function of the existing vehicle. The work described includes developing and analysing mathematical models of vehicle-to-rigid barrier full and offset frontal collision events for the two types of smart front-end structure. In these models, vehicle components are modelled by lumped masses and nonlinear springs. Moreover, the hydraulic cylinders are represented by non-linear damper elements. In this paper, the dynamic responses of the crash events are obtained with the aid of analytical approach using the Incremental Harmonic Balance Method (IHBM). In addition, the intrusion injury and occupant deceleration are used for interpreting the results. It is demonstrated from simulation results that significant improvements to both intrusion and deceleration injuries are obtained using the smart front-end structures.
Buckling of Tubing in Pumping Wells, Its Effects and Means for Controlling It (includes associated paper 1053-G) (1957)

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 210, 1957, pages 73–88. Abstract It is explained why the bottom portion of freely suspended tubing in a pumping well buckles and straightens in succession during the pumping cycle. Field evidence of resulting rod-on-tubing wear and excessive polished rod load and horsepower are given. The possibility that buckling hastens pump wear is strongly suggested. Means for either prevention of buckling or for minimizing its effects are explained, their relative merits compared, and field results of their use given. These means are: tension anchors, tail pipe, sucker rod guides, arid corrosion inhibitors Charts and formulae for best use of tension anchors, tail pipe, and guides are given. Buckling which generally occurs above compression anchors is more harmful than buckling of freely suspend tubing. Buckling above a compression anchor may be prevented by a heavy tail pipe below the pump. Introduction It is well known that a column must be subjected to some compression in order to buckle; and also that a structural member does not buckle if subjected to a tension. when consideration is given to a tubular column, the question may be asked, "How is the buckling phenomenon affected by inside or outside pressure?" At first, it would seem that it should not be affected. However, this is not so. In order to arrive at a correct answer to the question one should first understand the basic reasons for buckling of a column under loading. Then he should add to the effect of that loading the effect of pressure. Following this procedure, one may discover quite unexpected phenomena. In some cases, when subjected to more pressure inside than outside, a pipe may buckle under tension. In some other cases, a pipe may remain straight, although subjected to a very large compression.
Fabrication of Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Films for Flexible Organic Light Emitting Diode Devices (2009)

We fabricated transparent composite films which have good thermal stability, low CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) and high mechanical properties for flexible OLED substrate. Glass fiber reinforced composite films were made by UV light induced chemical crosslinking of composite materials consisted of glass fiber and UV curable resin in film state. It was noted that the pattern of the reinforce glass fiber had important effect on the optical and mechanical properties of the resulting composite film. The performance of the composite films in the ITO thin film deposition process and subsequent OLED device fabrication was better than those of the known polymer films such as PET, PC, and PES
Biophysical analysis of proteins and protein–protein interactions (2005)

Recent advances in molecular biology and its application to medicine have led to an ever improving understanding of the genetic lesions that underlie a large number of disease states. However, knowledge of the alteration in the genetic code that is linked to the illness tells us little about how the change affects underlying molecular mechanisms that leads to phenotype. To achieve this we must understand the functions and malfunctions of the protein coded by the mutant gene. In this section the details of some of the techniques commonly used to investigate protein form and function will be discussed with respect to a number of common respiratory syndromes.
Suppression of Gene Expression and Production of Interleukin 13 by Dexamethasone in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. (1998)

We examined the effect of dexamethasone on the gene expression and production of interleukin (IL)-13 by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls. The gene expression was assessed semiquantitatively by sequential transcription polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot analysis, and the production of this cytokine was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Dexamethasone suppressed IL-13 gene expression induced by stimulation with phytohemagglutinin and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in a dose-dependent manner, with 96% suppression at 10(-6) M, and also suppressed the increased production of IL-13. This is suggested to be one of the mechanisms by which glucocorticoids suppress allergic inflammation.
ChemInform Abstract: Exploration of Lipase‐Catalyzed Direct Amidation of Free Carboxylic Acids with Ammonia in Organic Solvents. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
VirA, a coregulator of Ti-specified virulence genes, is phosphorylated in vitro (1990)

High-level expression of a chimeric virA gene was obtained by replacing the first 524 codons of virA with the first half of trpE. The encoded fusion protein was isolated and found to exhibit autokinase activity. Therefore, a kinase domain is in the C-terminal portion of VirA, and protein phosphorylation may be an important feature of VirA function.
Original Research (2000)

Background: Both life expectancy and rates of cancer death increase in Korea, and quality of life is increasingly recognised as an important issue for cancer patients. Despite the developments of early diagnosis and treatments for cancer, increased medical costs have became a major problem for families and for governments. This study assessed the medical costs and the quality of life in terminal cancer patients in various care facilities to assess the contribution of hospice care to the maintenance of quality of life and to cost reduction.Methods: A total of 159 patients (male: 70, female: 89) with terminal cancer were entered into the study. Their care was managed in four types of care facility (home hospice, charity hospital hospice unit, university hospital hospice unit, university hospital non-hospice unit) between November 1 1997 and January 31 1999. Differences in medical costs and quality of life (pain, depression, ADLs, family APGAR score) were assessed during the last 1 week of life in these facilities, analysed by one-way ANOVA test.Results: Mean costs of the medical care during the last week of life was US$ 54.4 in the charity hospital hospice unit, US$ 87.6 in the home hospice, US$ 585.1 in the university hospital hospice unit, and US$ 864.5 in the university hospital non-hospice unit. ADL scores for patient in the home hospice were lower than those of other medical facilities (p<0.001). Pain scores on the dying day and one day before death were lowest in the home hospice and university hospital hospice (p<0.01). No differences were noted in depression scales or family APGAR scores.Conclusion: In Korea, where much charitable and volunteer effort maintains hospice programmes, the cost of hospice care is less than that of the non-hospice care. Patients of home hospice, even with low ADLs, experienced less pain and had measures of psychological and family functioning score during the last days of life no less than in other settings. Hospice approaches to care deserve greater recognition and official support in Korea.
Surface Defects Repairing by Polymer Coating with Low Fraction of Nano-Reinforcements (2007)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Nanog regulates molecules involved in stemness and cell cycle‐signaling pathway for maintenance of pluripotency of P19 embryonal carcinoma stem cells (2012)

To identify potential downstream targets of Nanog, a key transcription factor in the maintenance of pluripotency of embryonic stem (ES) and embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, global gene expression profiles in Nanog small interfering RNA (siRNA)-transfected P19 EC stem cells were performed using cDNA, 60-mer, and 30-mer microarray platforms. The putative Nanog target genes identified by Nanog silencing were verified using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction after Nanog overexpression. Downregulation of Nanog in P19 cells resulted in reduction of pluripotency markers, such as Fgf4, Klf2, Mtf2, Oct-4, Rex1, Sox1, Yes, and Zfp143, whereas overexpression of Nanog in P19 cells reversely upregulated their expression. However, expressions of pluripotency markers Cripto, germ cell nuclear factor, Sox2, and Zfp57 as well as leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)/Stat3 pathway molecules LIF, IL6st, and Stat3 were not affected after 48 h transfection with Nanog siRNA or construct. Nanog silencing also downregulated expression of molecules involved in the p53- and cell cycle-signaling pathway (Atf3, Jdp2, Cul3, Hist1hic, and Bcl6), whereas expression of E2f1, Tob1, Lyn, and Smarcc1 was upregulated by Nanog silencing. Expressions of cyclins D1, D2, D3, and E1 as well as cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 1 and Cdk6 were downregulated by Nanog silencing in P19 cells, whereas Nanog overexpression reversely increased their expressions. Taken together, examination of global transcriptional changes after Nanog silencing followed by verification by Nanog overexpression has revealed new molecules involved in the maintenance of self-renewal and in the regulation of the p53- and cell cycle-pathway of P19 cells.