gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strained-layer InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs buried-heterostructurelasers with nonabsorbingmirrors by selective-area MOCVD (1995)

Design, fabrication and operation of strained-layer InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs buried-heterostructure (BH) lasers with nonabsorbing mirrors fabricated by selective-area epitaxy (SAE) are presented. The SAE-BH lasers with nonabsorbing mirrors operate at powers up to ~325 mW/facet (4 µm wide output aperture), which is a > 40% increase over conventional SAE-BH lasers.
[Cytogenetic analysis of lung tumors by in situ hybridization with chromosome-specific DNA probes]. (1992)

Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with biotinated chromosome-specific repetitive DNA probes was used for the cytogenetic study of lung tumors and three cell lines of human lung cancer. The authors utilized a set of satellite DNA probes, specific for chromosomes 7, 17, X, Y in order to detect numerical chromosome aberrations in tumor cell nuclei. Normal diploid human lymphocyte nuclei, which served as the control, have have two signal spots in 95% of nuclei in response to 7, 17 chromosome probes. However, lung cancer cells have numerical heterogeneity, and copy numbers as determined by FISH were not definite with each probe. Discrepancies between cytogenetic and flow cytometric studies in the detection of aneuploidy in some tumors were shown. The number of FISH spots showed a correlation only with the Ki-67 labeling index expressed in proliferating cells. Loss of the Y chromosome in a high percentage of cells was seen by FISH in some tumors from male patients. These data indicate that FISH with chromosome-specific repetitive DNA probes can serve as a cytogenetic tool for the analysis of interphase nuclei of lung tumors with respect to the detection of numerical chromosome abnormalities.
Transient Response of Braided-Wire Shields (1979)

We present time-domain measurements to determine the shielding properties of braided coaxial cables. We show the influence of the transfer inductance and capacitance for various geometrical structures of the braid and, furthermore, that the waveform of the response signal depends on the optical coverage ratio of the shield.
Evaluation of vascular healing of polymer-free sirolimus-eluting stents in native coronary artery stenosis: a serial follow-up at three and six months with optical coherence tomography imaging (2016)

In patients who had inadequate vascular healing three months after polymer-free SES implantation, serial OCT showed almost complete vascular healing at six months.
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in the supermorbidly obese patient. (2007)

In the hands of an experienced surgical endoscopist, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy can be safely performed in patients at the extremes of morbid obesity. Future studies are warranted to validate the results of our small series.
[Endoscopic insertion of a prosthesis in the palliative treatment of tumors of the head of the pancreas]. (1989)

The Authors report their experience of biliary endoscopic endoprosthesis placement in 42 patients for palliative treatment of carcinoma of the pancreatic head. The morbidity, the mortality and the duration of hospitalization are considerably less than with surgical biliodigestive anastomosis. The mean survival is almost the same in both cases.
Analytical Assessment of the Suitability of a Liquid Explosive Substitute for Shaped Charge Testing (1991)

Abstract : In this analysis, a 95% nitromethane (NMe) and 5% diethylamine (DEA) liquid explosive is substituted into a BRL 3.3 inch 42 degree conical copper lined charge. The original charge is Octol loaded. Since NMe is less energetic, it is expected to give a reduced jet tip velocity, less jet mass, and lower overall jet kinetic energy. This would naturally follow from the use of a lower energy density explosive. The liquid explosive load will then be modified by a combination of liner subcalibering and detonation front wave shaping to investigate how the original jet characteristics may be recovered. Shaped charge jetting model, Liquid explosive, Gurney energy, Octol, Nitromethane, Wave shaping, Finite difference methods.
Performance Evaluation of ITI Canceller Using Granular Medium Model (2011)

The performance of an iterative decoding system is evaluated in shingled magnetic recording (SMR). The medium model is made by a discrete Voronoi model, and the 2-D sensitivity function of reader is used to obtain the reproducing waveform. As the sensitivity function extends to adjacent tracks, intertrack interference (ITI) deteriorates the signal detection system. In order to recover the intrinsic performance, it is required to reduce the influence of ITI to the system. Then, the ITI canceller is employed to combat ITI for the iterative decoding system, and the performance is evaluated by computer simulation. The results show that the introduction of ITI canceller improves the bit-error-rate performance in SMR system.
FREQUENT P16INK4A/CDKN2A ALTERATIONS IN CHEMICALLY INDUCED SYRIAN GOLDEN HAMSTER PANCREATIC TUMORS. (2004)

The p16INK4A/CDKN2A (p16) tumor suppressor gene is known to be inactivated in up to 98% of human pancreatic cancer specimens. Chemically induced pancreatic tumors in Syrian golden hamsters have been demonstrated to share many morphological and biological similarities with human pancreatic tumors and represent a potentially suitable model for the evaluation of therapies targeting p16. The purpose of this study was to evaluate primary hamster pancreatic tumor specimens for potentially inactivating p16 alterations. Tumors were induced with N-nitrosobis-(2-oxopropyl)amine, and were harvested on day 100. Foci of tumor cells were identified by light microscopy after staining with hematoxylin and eosin, and corresponding tumor tissues were excised for DNA extraction. The techniques of multiplex real-time PCR, direct sequencing and methylation specific PCR were used to evaluate 30 tumor specimens for homozygous deletions, mutations and aberrant methylation of 5′ CpG islands, respectively. Homozygous deletions were identified in 11 of 30 (36.7%) specimens, mutations were identified in four of 30 (13.3%) specimens, and aberrant methylation of 5′ CpG islands was found in 14 of 30 (46.7%) specimens. The overall frequency of p16 alterations was 93.3% (28 of 30 specimens) and the majority of changes (83.3%) were noted to be secondary to methylation or homozygous deletion. The four mutations significantly impaired cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitory activity, and two resulted in perturbation of the global structure of P16 protein. These findings indicate that p16 inactivation is a common event in chemically induced hamster tumors, and that this animal model is appropriate for comparative studies evaluating pancreatic cancer therapeutic strategies targeting p16.
Improvements to the structural simulation toolkit (2012)

Designing supercomputer architectures and applications is becoming more difficult because of their increased size and complexity, because of new technologies, and due to new constraints such as power and thermal limits.The Structural Simulation Toolkit (SST) is an architectural simulation framework designed to assist in the design, evaluation, and optimization of High Performance Computing (HPC) architectures and applications. Its initial release included a parallel simulation core with a number of system component models.The SST has been expanded and improved in a number of ways. New memory, network, and processor models have been added, as well as new high-level system simulation capabilities. Also, scalability results are presented.
Design and optimization of a permanent magnet linear reluctance motor for reciprocating electro-mechanical systems (1996)

A Doctoral Thesis. Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University.
Functions Encoded by Pyrrolnitrin Biosynthetic Genes from <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> (1998)

Pyrrolnitrin is a secondary metabolite derived from tryptophan and has strong antifungal activity. Recently we described four genes, prnABCD, from Pseudomonas fluorescens that encode the biosynthesis of pyrrolnitrin. In the work presented here, we describe the function of each prn gene product. The four genes encode proteins identical in size and serology to proteins present in wild-type Pseudomonas fluorescens, but absent from a mutant from which the entire prn gene region had been deleted. The prnA gene product catalyzes the chlorination of L-tryptophan to form 7-chloro-L-tryptophan. The prnB gene product catalyzes a ring rearrangement and decarboxylation to convert 7-chloro-L-tryptophan to monodechloroaminopyrrolnitrin. The prnC gene product chlorinates monodechloroaminopyrrolnitrin at the 3 position to form aminopyrrolnitrin. The prnD gene product catalyzes the oxidation of the amino group of aminopyrrolnitrin to a nitro group to form pyrrolnitrin. The organization of the prn genes in the operon is identical to the order of the reactions in the biosynthetic pathway.
RP‐HPLC detection of a sulphiting‐induced artefact from paeoniflorin in dried roots of <i>Paeonia lactiflora</i> (2006)

Paeoniflorin is one of the bioactive ingredients of the roots of Paeonia lactiflora (Paeoniaceae). A comparative study of processed and non-processed commercial samples of dried roots of P. lactiflora indicated a very low level of paeoniflorin in the processed sample and the formation of a new more polar component, sodium paeoniflorin sulphonate, during treatment of the roots with sulphiting agents.
Focal liver lesions: characterization with conventional spin-echo versus fast spin-echo T2-weighted MR imaging. (1997)

PURPOSE: To compare prospectively the diagnostic accuracy of T2-weighted conventional spin-echo (SE) and fast SE magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for differentiation of benign (hemangiomas or cysts) from malignant (metastases or hepatocellular carcinoma) liver lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients with 55 confirmed liver lesions (20 hemangiomas, eight cysts, 22 metastases, four hepatocellular carcinomas, one malignant fibrous histiocytoma) underwent T2-weighted conventional SE (repetition time msec/echo time [TE] msec = 3,100/ 80,160) and fast SE (5,000-5,000/99-104 [effective TE]) MR imaging at 1.5 T. The images were evaluated quantitatively (lesion-liver signal intensity ratio and lesion T2 index [SIlesion TE80/SIlesion TE160, where SI = signal intensity] and qualitatively (blinded reading) by using receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: Quantitatively, the T2 index (Az = .988) was more accurate than the signal intensity ratio at conventional SE (Az = .920) and fast SE (Az = .910) imaging (P < .05). Qualitatively, there was no statistically significant difference between the blinded reading of conventional SE (Az = .988) and fast SE (Az = .986) images in lesion characterization (benign vs malignant). There was a trend, however, toward superiority of conventional SE imaging for evaluation of "hypervascular" metastases (n = 9). CONCLUSION: With the specific parameters used, conventional SE and fast SE images provide equal accuracy for characterization of focal liver lesions. In patients with hypervascular metastases, double-echo conventional SE images may be preferable.
[Valve saving correction of aneurysms of the ascending aorta with aortic insufficiency or annular dilatation]. (1993)

The current technique to correct aneurysms of the ascending aorta with incompetence of the aortic valve or dilatation of the aortic root is the implantation of a valved conduit. In many cases however structurally normal aortic leaflets are resected by this technique and patients are at the risk of complications due to mechanical heart valve prostheses and the necessary anticoagulation respectively. By resuspension of the aortic valve into the aortic prostheses similar to the technique used at implantation of homograft valves, competence of the valve can be restored and the dilatation of the aortic annulus can be prevented or even reduced. Our article describes the successful, valve sparing correction of an acute aortic dissection type A with dilatation of the aortic annulus in a 43 year old patient and in another patient with ascending aortic aneurysm with aortic insufficiency.
BJT avalanche breakdown voltage improvement by introduction of a floating P-layer in the epitaxial collector region (1998)

International audience
A photon computer: Implementation principles and performance estimation (2017)

A structure and implementation principles of a photon computer are proposed. Its functioning is based on effects of the interaction between coherent light wave systems generated by a laser source. The performance of photon computers, consumed energy, and physical sizes are estimated. These estimates show possible advantages of photon computers over electronic ones.
Signal-to-noise ratio improvement in Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis combining Brillouin gain and loss effects (2012)

A novel scheme is proposed to measure Brillouin gain spectrum in an optical fiber combining Brillouin gain and loss effects. A dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator is used to generate upshifted afterward downshifted single sideband with suppressed carrier by periodically chopping the dc bias. The two successive single sidebands serve as Brillouin pump and probe waves to amplify and absorb the carrier wave for lock-in detecting of the net Brillouin gain between Brillouin gain and loss effects. The signal-to-noise ratio of the cost-effective measurement system with fewer optical devices is twofold enhanced. Distributed strain sensing ability with a nominal spatial resolution of 1.6 cm is experimentally demonstrated by utilization of this scheme into a Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis system.
Galileo Public Regulated Services (PRS) with Limited Key Distribution (2015)

The Galileo Public Regulated Service (PRS) provides encrypted Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals which give it inherent authenticity and anti-spoofing capabilities. The challenge of any such system is to securely distribute keys to authorized users. To address this challenge the UK Space Agency (UKSA) and the UK’s Innovation Agency (Innovate UK), commissioned a set of projects [3] which included EXPLORERS. The EXPLORERS objective was to build a technology demonstrator of a server based system that can deliver Galileo PRS services over a communication link without the associated cryptographic key distribution to user terminals.
EXPLORERS includes two server based architectures; PROSPA and ASPIRE. PROSPA [1] provides “snippets” of the satellite transmitted ranging codes to the user terminal over a communications link. ASPIRE [2] processes samples of the received RF signal which are sent back over a communications channel to a central server.
This paper provides details and results from the EXPLORERS technology demonstrator. The technology demonstrator has provided potential user groups a first approximation, of the capabilities of Galileo PRS based authentication which will open up opportunities for early experimentation of GNSS authentication services in a wide range of governmental applications.
Polymerization of Acetylene by Binary Systems Composed of Triethylaluminum and Various Acetylacetonates of Transition Metals (1962)

最近,著者らはチーグラ-型触媒を用いて,アセチレンを重合して得たアセチレン重合体が典型的な有機半導体であることをみいだしたが,さらにこのような重合体を合成することができる新しい触媒系をみいだした。アセチレンよりアセチレン重合体を合成するとき,触媒の一成分として不可欠な遷移金属化合物の性質が重合生成物の結晶性に本質的影響を及ぼす。TiCl4,VOCl3,VCl3,VCl4のようにハロゲン原子をもつ求電子試薬が用いられると生成するアセチレン重合体は非晶性であって,求電子性の小さい化合物が用いられると生成重合体は結晶性である。そこで,求電子性のごく小さい安定なキレート化合物とAl(C2H5)3系で重合を試み,高結晶性のアセチレン重合体をえようとした。キレート化合物としては,Ti,V,Cr,Fe,CoおよびCuなどの2,4-ペンタンジオノ(アセチルアセトナート)化合物が用いられたが,このうちTiO(CH3COCHCOCH3)2・Al(C2H5)3系やVO(CH3COCHCOCH3)2・Al(C2H5)3系のみが,アセチレンの重合触媒として有効であるのみならず,生成したアセチレン重合体の結晶性は,いちじるしく高かった。ハロゲン化合物と同様に,TiおよびVの化合物のみがアセチレンの重合を行なうことができることは,未充満の電子準位をもつ電子構造に原因があるのであろう。Ti,V以外の金属アセチルアセトナート・Al(C2H5)3系はアセチレンの重合を行なわなかった。
Organic computing for face and object recognition (2004)

Compulsive sexual behavior consists of sexual obsessions and compulsions that are recurrent, distressing, and interfere with daily functioning. It has been called hypersexual disorder in the upcoming diagnostic and statistical manual 5(th) edition. Though hypersexuality is commonly seen in mania, it can also be seen in depression and anxiety disorders. This case report describes a case that presented with depression and had underlying compulsive sexual behavior in the form of frottage.
New carbohydrate amphiphiles, 2. Gel formation and gel morphologies (1998)

The physical gelation of 3,4,5-trialkoxy-N-(1-deoxysorbitol-1-yl)benzamides and 3,4,5-trialkoxy-N-(2-deoxyglucos-2-yl)benzamides in organic solvents and monomeric methacrylates at ambient temperature is reported. UV polymerization of the methacrylate solvent yielded interpenetrating networks of the crosslinked polymethacrylate and the aggregated solute. The embedded gels exhibit two different morphologies depending on the solvent. Either white/turbid gels containing a percolating network of globular aggregates (ϕ = 1–10 μm) or clear, transparent gels consisting of rod-like crystals (ϕ = 4–100 nm) were found. The sphere morphology consists of small rod-shaped crystallites assembled to spherical objects and is assumed to be caused by a liquid-liquid demixing process prior to gelation.
Involvement of a metalloprotease in the shedding of human neutrophil FcγRIIIB (1997)

Fc gammaRIIIb is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchored, low-affinity IgG receptor, expressed exclusively on human neutrophils. Upon activation or apoptosis of neutrophils, Fc gammaRIIIb is shed from the cell surface, but the enzyme(s) responsible for this process is (are) still unknown. Recently, metalloproteases have been suggested to mediate the shedding of cell surface proteins such as L-selectin and TNF-alpha. Using hydroxamic acid-based inhibitors of this class of proteases (BB-3103, Ro31-9790), we have observed a clear inhibitory effect on Fc gammaRIIIb shedding after PMA stimulation of neutrophils or induction of apoptosis. These inhibitors did not affect PMA-induced degranulation or superoxide generation.
Advances in research on spatial and binaural hearing (2005)

The advanced developments in research on spatial and binaural auditory perception, were described. The research on sound localization revealed one important development of virtual acoustic space (VAS) as a research tool. Sound sources in VAS can be repositioned in other acoustic environments. The second research area included sound segregation, which exhibited that listeners are able to selectively attend to the signal in one ear while ignoring any interfering signal that might occur in the opposite ear. Regardless of the role that perceived spatial location plays in speech perception, it becomes clear that uncertainty about the spatial location of a target word can have a profound impact on performance in multitalker listening tasks.
Endoxylanase Inhibition Activity in Different European Wheat Cultivars and Milling Fractions (2002)

ABSTRACT Twenty‐three wheat samples from 19 different European wheat cultivars ( Triticum aestivum L.) were tested for their quantitative and qualitative variation in inhibition activity against family 11 endoxylanases of Aspergillus niger , Bacillus subtilis , and Trichoderma viride and a family 10 endoxylanase of A. aculeatus . Under the experimental conditions, the A. aculeatus enzyme was not inhibited by the wheat extracts, the A. niger and B. subtilis endoxylanases were affected to a similar extent, while the T. viride enzyme was much more inhibited. The inhibition activities in the different wheat samples against the A. niger , B. subtilis , and T. viride endoxylanases varied between 36.0 and 11.7, 34.0 and 12.9, and 86.2 and 46.6 IU/100 mg of dry whole meal, respectively. One IU (inhibition unit) corresponds to the amount of inhibitor resulting in 50% inhibition of endoxylanase activity under the conditions of the assay. The inhibitor activities were linearly related, indicating that the levels of different endoxylanase inhibitors with different endoxylanase specificities in the dormant wheat grains are also linearly related or that one (or more) of these inhibitors are predominantly present or has much higher specific activity, consequently causing almost all of the inhibition activity measured. Wheat flour accounted for ≈57% of the total inhibition activity in wheat grains, while the shorts and bran fractions each contained ≈21% of the total activity. On dry weight basis, the inhibition activities were about three times higher in shorts and about two times higher in bran than in flour. The results obtained may be useful in explaining differences in functionality of different endoxylanases in biotechnological processes in which wheats of different cultivars, or fractions thereof, are used as well as in screening endoxylanases for applications in wheat‐based processes.
An open‐framework zinc phosphate with ZnOZn linkages (1994)

Open framework crystalline solids have great potential as catalysts and absorbers and for many other applications in materials science. The synthesis and structural characterization of a new zinc phosphate prepared from a predominantly non‐aqueous system are described. The unique features of the compound, which has the empirical formula Zn 4 (PO 4 ) 3 (H 2 O)(C 2 H 5 NH 3 ), such as three‐coordinated oxygen atoms and a ratio of Zn to P greater than 1, are discussed.
Space flight survival of nitrogen-cycle microorganisms (2018)

Ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) Ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA)Nitrite oxidizing bacteria (
Thermodynamic considerations for the use of vanadium alloys with ceramic breeder materials (1995)

Fusion energy is considered to be an attractive energy form because of its minimal environmental impact. In order to maintain this favorable status, every effort needs to be made to use low activation materials wherever possible. The tritium breeder blanket is a focal point of system design engineers who must design environmentally attractive blankets through the use of low activation materials. Of the several candidate lithium-containing ceramics being considered for use in the breeder blanket, Li{sub 2}O, Li{sub 2}TiO{sub 3}, are attractive choices because of their low activation. Also, low activation materials like the vanadium alloys are being considered for use as structural materials in the blanket. The suitability of vanadium alloys for containment of lithium ceramics is the subject of this study. Thermodynamic evaluations are being used to estimate the compatibility and stability of candidate ceramic breeder materials (Li{sub 2}O, Li{sub 2}TiO{sub 3}, and Li{sub 2}ZrO{sub 3}) with vanadium and vanadium alloys. This thermodynamic evaluation will focus first on solid-solid interactions. As a tritium breeding blanket will use a purge gas for tritium recovery, gas-solid systems will also receive attention.
Mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis: MR imaging appearance with clinicopathologic correlation. (1996)

The most common MR imaging appearance of mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis was as inhomogeneous nodes with marked hyperintensity on T2-weighted images and peripheral enhancement after injection of contrast material. This typical MR imaging appearance was mostly seen in severely symptomatic patients and was due to caseation necrosis of the tuberculous nodes.