gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular recognition directed phase transitions in side-chain liquid crystalline polymers containing crown ethers (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTMolecular recognition directed phase transitions in side-chain liquid crystalline polymers containing crown ethersV. Percec, G. Johansson, and R. RodenhouseCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 9, 2563–2565Publication Date (Print):April 27, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 27 April 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00035a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00035a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views189Altmetric-Citations52LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Femtochemistry of Norrish Type-I Reactions: I. Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Acetone and Related Ketones on the S1 Surface (2001)

The dissociation dynamics of two acetone isotopomers ([D0]- and [D6]acetone) after 93 kcal mol−1 (307 nm) excitation to the S1(n,π*) state have been investigated using femtosecond pump–probe mass spectrometry. We found that the nuclear motions of the molecule on the S1 surface involve two time scales. The initial femtosecond motion corresponds to the dephasing of the wave packet out of the Franck–Condon region on the S1 surface. For longer times, the direct observation of the build-up of the acetyl radical confirms that the S1 α-cleavage dynamics of acetone is on the nanosecond time scale. Density functional theory and ab initio calculations have been carried out to characterize the potential energy surfaces for the S0, S1, and T1 states of acetone and six other related aliphatic ketones. For acetone, the S1 energy barrier along the single α-positioned carbon–carbon (α-CC) bond-dissociation coordinate (to reach the S0/S1 conical intersection) was calculated to be 18 kcal mol−1 (∼110 kcal mol−1 above the S0 minimum) for the first step of the nonconcerted α-CC bond cleavage; the concerted path is energetically unfavorable, consistent with experiments. The S1 barrier heights for other aliphatic ketones were found to be substantially lower than that of acetone by methyl substitutions at the α-position. The α-CC bond dissociation energy barrier of acetone on the T1 surface was calculated to be only 5 kcal mol−1 (∼90 kcal mol−1 above the S0 minimum), which is substantially lower than the barrier on the S1 surface. Based on the calculations, the α-cleavage reaction mechanism of acetone occurring on the S0, S1, and T1 surfaces can be better understood via a simple physical picture within the framework of valence-bond theory. The theoretical calculations support the conclusion that the observed nanosecond-scale S1 dynamics of acetone below the barrier is governed by a rate-limiting S1→T1 intersystem crossing process followed by α-cleavage on the T1 surface. However, at high energies, the α-cleavage can proceed by barrier crossing on the S1 surface, a situation which is demonstrated for cyclobutanone in the accompanying paper.
A why-what-how tool for development and documentation of operating procedures (2000)

DSTOP (Design Support Tool for Operating Procedures) is a relatively simple software tool for the support of designers of new user interfaces and their procedures for use. DSTOP is based on two complementary models: the documentation coherence maxims and the situated-act model, which distinguishes domain actions from interface actions. Use of the tool involves the writing of operating procedures using a kind of grid, where the operating procedure runs from top to bottom and is divided horizontally into Why, What and How elements. The Why element represents the operating procedure's goal; the What represents the operating procedure's situated act, and the How represents the interface action(s) required to effect the act. The tool has been used to develop prototype operating procedures for computer-based aircraft cockpit interfaces. DSTOP adds new functionality associated with the coherence maxims, including explicit representation of variants of terms, and explicit tracking and display of procedures (and their Why-What-How components) in which any of the variants is used.
THE ORTHO–PARA CONVERSION OF HYDROGEN AND DEUTERIUM ON INHOMOGENEOUS PARAMAGNETIC SURFACES (1954)

The kinetics of the magnetic ortho–para conversion of hydrogen and deuterium on neodymium oxalate and hemin crystals has been determined over a wide temperature range in a static system. In these cases a similar type of rate curve is obtained: at high and at low temperatures the rate decreases with temperature, while in the intermediate region the rate increases with temperature. The behavior is explained in terms of an energetic surface heterogeneity. In case of neodymium oxalate two distinctly different groups of sites appear to be active having energy barriers to migration of the adsorbed hydrogen at considerably different height. The conversion mechanism of the "trapped" gas is assumed to be similar to the mechanism in liquids where repeated collisions are also assumed to occur.
Solar fuels production by artificial photosynthesis (2013)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Joel W. Ager, Min-Hyung Lee, Ali Javey; Solar fuels production by artificial photosynthesis. AIP Conf. Proc. 10 December 2013; 1568 (1): 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4848078 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Lessons from deploying NLG technology for marine weather forecast text generation (2004)

SUMTIME-MOUSAM is a Natural Language Generation (NLG) system that produces textual weather forecasts for offshore oilrigs from Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) data. It has been used for the past year by Weathernews (UK) Ltd for producing 150 draft forecasts per day, which are then post-edited by forecasters before being released to end-users. In this paper, we describe how the system works, how it is used at Weathernews and finally some lessons we learnt from building, installing and maintaining SUMTIME-MOUSAM. One important lesson has been that using NLG technology improves maintainability although the biggest maintenance work actually involved changing data formats at the I/O interfaces. We also found our system being used by forecasters in unexpected ways for understanding and editing data. We conclude that the success of a technology owes as much to its functional superiority as to its suitability to the various stakeholders such as developers and users.
Endoscopic Ultrasound for Differential Diagnosis of Focal Pancreatic Lesions, Confirmed by Surgery (2000)

While overall sensitivity was high, specificity of endoscopic ultrasound for diagnosis of malignancy was low, especially in presence of chronic pancreatitis. In addition, endosonography had only a limited potential to predict the histological type of lesions.
Magnetic switch for integrated atom optics (2001)

A magnetic waveguide structure allows switching of neutral atoms between two guides. The switch consists of lithographically patterned current-carrying wires on a sapphire substrate. By selectively sending current through a particular set of wires, we select the desired output port of an incoming beam. We utilize two different magnetic-guiding schemes to adiabatically manipulate the atom trajectory.
A Quality-of-Life Instrument for Young Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients (2001)

HSQuale is a reliable and valid QOL instrument. Compared with other outcome measures, it assesses a broader range of deficits and is better able to discriminate among subgroups of hemorrhagic stroke survivors.
Dinâmica do enxofre (35s) proveniente da mucuna-pretaem um sistema solo-planta1 (2002)

Green manures are an important source of sulfur for plants. Its efficiency depends on the establishment of culture management systems where the release pe...
A New Field Technique for Elevating Carbon Dioxide Levels in Climate Change Experiments (1996)

1. A compact, low-cost, free-air carbon dioxide enrichment system for use in climate change experiments is described. The system has been used in a small-scale study of the effects of an enriched carbon dioxide atmosphere on the growth and functioning of a natural plant community. 2. The experiment ran for 4 months in summer on a nutrient-poor limestone grassland in Derbyshire. The study examined the separate and combined effects of elevated CO 2 , temperature and soil nutrient status on the growth of seedlings of obligate mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plant species native to the site. 3. It was demonstrated that the CO 2 elevation could be controlled within the limits set for 64% of the time. Significant effects of elevated CO 2 on the growth and recruitment of seedlings were found in the presence of added nutrients and elevated temperatures.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclopropanation Mediated by Zinc Organometallics (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Aerodynamic Characterization of a New Concept of Long Range Projectiles from Free Flight Data (2017)

This paper presents the aerodynamic characterization of a new concept of long range projectile, fitted with six fins. Three distinct projectile architectures were investigated: two with canted fins, while the last one presents twisted fins. The aerodynamic characteristics are determined based on system identification techniques and free flight data obtained by means of different available measurement techniques like radar, magnetometers, accelerometers and 3D high speed optical system. Estimation results from experimental measurements were com-pared to aerodynamic predictions for two configurations investigated.
Development of quality indicators for liver cancer care (2008)

17500 Background: Appropriate management of liver cancer can significantly prolong survival and enhance the quality of life of patients. Although evidence-based practice guidelines to promote standards of care have been published, no systematically-developed quality indicators (QI) to assess or monitor care for hepatocellular carcinoma have been reported. Methods: Using a formal method combining literature review and expert opinion, we developed a set of process QIs for the care of hepatocellular carcinoma. We first identified candidate QIs based on the current clinical practice guideline sponsored by the Japanese government as well as literature review. Each candidate QI described the patients targeted and the standard of care that these patients should receive. The QIs were designed to be implemented through review of medical records. Next, a multi-disciplinary panel of nine clinical experts, including surgeons, internists, and radiologists, examined the candidate QIs and selected a final set through two rounds of anonymous rating of validity, between which a face-to- face consensus meeting was held. Results: total of 34 candidate QIs were evaluated by the expert panel. The panel added two QIs pertaining to the post-operative provision of information to the patient. After major modification of four other QIs, 25 QIs were finally rated as valid. This final set of QIs comprised 13 on appropriate choice and indications for treatment (e.g. surgical resection for solitary hepatocellular carcinoma of 3–5cm diameter), 5 on pre-treatment work-up (e.g. dynamic studies before treatment), and 7 on follow-up/post-treatment care (e.g. image study after chemoembolization). Conclusions: We developed a set of QIs to assess the care of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. These QIs will facilitate quality improvement efforts in liver cancer care. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Biotechnological Approach to Formulate Vaccines Within Liposomes: Immunization Studies (2018)

The immunogenicity enhancements induced by particulate antigen vehicle such as liposome are unsurprising, because natural pathogens are also particulates and the immune system has evolved to deal with these. The biotechnological challenges to produce liposome vaccines are the stability of both, the antigen and liposome. Vaccine stability is an essential prerequisite to the successful development and dissemination of inexpensive, effective vaccine formulation. In many instances in the past, potential vaccine candidates have failed due to substantial losses at the production or downstream processing stages. There are reports from the World Health Organization (WHO) where labile entities have been successfully produced at the commercial level, only to be inactivated by inadequacies in the handling procedures during transportation and distribution. Such occurrences have contributed to the failure of many vaccination campaigns. Consequently, it is useful to take into consideration all of the process steps which is, starting from antigen production down to its stability, including encapsulation within stable or stabilized liposomes.
Fluorescence spectral shape analysis for nucleotide identification (2019)

We report a conjugated polyelectrolyte fluorescence-based biosensor P-C-3 and a general methodology to evaluate spectral shape recognition to identify biomolecules using artificial intelligence. By using well-defined analytes, we demonstrate that the fluorescence spectral shape of P-C-3 is sensitive to minor structural changes and exhibits distinct signature patterns for different analytes. A method was also developed to select useful features to reduce computational complexity and prevent overfitting of the data. It was found that the normalized intensity of 3 to 5 selected wavelengths was sufficient for the fluorescence biosensor to classify 13 distinct nucleotides and distinguish as little as single base substitutions at distinct positions in the primary sequence of oligonucleotides rapidly with nearly 100% classification accuracy. Photophysical studies led to a model to explain the mechanism of these fluorescence spectral shape changes, which provides theoretical support for applying this method in complicated biological systems. Using the feature selection algorithm to measure the relative intensity of a few selected wavelengths significantly reduces measurement time, demonstrating the potential for fluorescence spectrum shape analysis in high-throughput and high-content screening.
ERdj4 Protein Is a Soluble Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) DnaJ Family Protein That Interacts with ER-associated Degradation Machinery (2012)

Protein localization within cells regulates accessibility for interactions with co-factors and substrates. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) BiP co-factor ERdj4 is up-regulated by ER stress and has been implicated in ER-associated degradation (ERAD) of multiple unfolded secretory proteins. Several other ERdj family members tend to interact selectively with nascent proteins, presumably because those ERdj proteins associate with the Sec61 translocon that facilitates entry of nascent proteins into the ER. How ERdj4 selects and targets terminally misfolded proteins for destruction remains poorly understood. In this study, we determined properties of ERdj4 that might aid in this function. ERdj4 was reported to retain its signal sequence and to be resistant to mild detergent extraction, suggesting that it was an integral membrane protein. However, live cell photobleaching analyses of GFP-tagged ERdj4 revealed that the protein exhibits diffusion coefficients uncommonly high for an ER integral membrane protein and more similar to the mobility of a soluble luminal protein. Biochemical characterization established that the ERdj4 signal sequence is cleaved to yield a soluble protein. Importantly, we found that both endogenous and overexpressed ERdj4 associate with the integral membrane protein, Derlin-1. Our findings now directly link ERdj4 to the ERAD machinery and suggest a model in which ERjd4 could help recruit clients from throughout the ER to ERAD sites.
Structural and metabolic brain changes in the striatum associated with methamphetamine abuse (2007)

Neuroimaging studies demonstrate abnormalities in brain structure and chemistry convincingly in individuals who used methamphetamine and in children with prenatal methamphetamine exposure, especially in the striatum. However, many important questions remain and larger sample sizes are needed to validate these preliminary observations. Furthermore, longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the effects of treatment and abstinence on these brain changes and to determine whether imaging, and possibly genetic, markers can be used to predict treatment outcome or relapse.
ChemInform Abstract: DER EINFLUSS DER KETTENLAENGE BEI DER KUPPLUNGSRK. ZU PEPTIDEN IN FESTER PHASE (1970)

Abstract Nach der Merrifield‐Methode wurden durch stufenweisen Aufbau an einem mit 2% Divinylbenzol vernetzten, chlormethylierten Polystyrol als Träger durch stufenweise Addition von BOC‐Alanin (I) und BOC‐Leucin (II) das Dodecapeptid (III) aufgebaut und die jeweils erhaltenen Anteile an Umsetzung bzw. die Abweichungen von 100% bestimmt.
Exploiting non-volatile RAM to enhance flash file system performance (2007)

Non-volatile RAM (NVRAM) such as PRAM (Phase-change RAM), FeRAM (Ferroelectric RAM), and MRAM (Magnetoresistive RAM) has characteristics of both non-volatile storage and random access memory (RAM). These forms of NVRAM are currently being developed by major semiconductor companies and are expected to be an everyday component in the near future. The advent of NVRAM may possibly bring about drastic changes to the system software landscape. In this work, we develop a new Flash memory based file system that exploits NVRAM in order to improve system performance. Specifically, we discuss the initial design and implementation of a file system that stores all metadata in NVRAM, while storing all file data in Flash memory. In so doing, we make two contributions in this work. First, we present a model that analyzes the amount of NVRAM that is needed for specific Flash memory storage capacity. Experimentally, we verify that this model represents the exact NVRAM usage in the realistic environment. Second, we present quantitative experimental results that show how much performance gains are possible by exploiting NVRAM. Compared to YAFFS, a popular Flash memory based file system, we show that this file system requires only minimal time for mounting and that the execution time improves by a maximum of 600% and an average of 437% for the realistic workloads that we considered.
Sample classification from protein mass spectrometry, by ‘peak probability contrasts’ (2004)

Compared to other statistical approaches for class prediction, the peak probability contrast method performs as well or better than several methods that require the full spectra, rather than just labelled peaks. It is also much more interpretable biologically. The peak probability contrast method is a potentially useful tool for sample classification from protein mass spectrometry data.
Spatio-Temporal A* Algorithms for Offline Multiple Mobile Robot Path Planning (Extended Abstract) (2011)

paper presents an offline collision-free path planning algorithm for multiple mobile robots using a 2D spatial-time map. In this decoupled approach, a centralized planner uses a Spatio- Temporal A* algorithm to find the lowest time cost path for each robot in a sequentially order based on its assigned priority. Improvements in viable path solutions using wait time insertion and adaptive priority reassignment strategies are discussed.
Preliminary observations on the metabolism of [1–14C]tyramine in man (1972)

Journal Article Preliminary observations on the metabolism of [1–14C]tyramine in man Get access Martha Tacker, Martha Tacker Division of Biological Research, Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences, Houston, Texas 77025, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P J Creaven, P J Creaven Division of Biological Research, Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences, Houston, Texas 77025, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W M McIsaac W M McIsaac Division of Biological Research, Texas Research Institute of Mental Sciences, Houston, Texas 77025, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Volume 24, Issue 3, March 1972, Pages 247–249, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.1972.tb08974.x Published: 12 April 2011 Article history Received: 18 November 1971 Published: 12 April 2011
Alzheimer's disease models and functional genomics—How many needles are there in the haystack? (2012)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) are complex human brain disorders that affect an increasing number of people worldwide. With the identification first of the proteins that aggregate in AD and FTLD brains and subsequently of pathogenic gene mutations that cause their formation in the familial cases, the foundation was laid for the generation of animal models. These recapitulate essential aspects of the human conditions; expression of mutant forms of the amyloid-β protein-encoding APP gene in mice reproduces amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque formation in AD, while that of mutant forms of the tau-encoding microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) gene reproduces tau-containing neurofibrillary tangle formation, a lesion that is also prevalent in FTLD-Tau. The mouse models have been complemented by those in lower species such as C. elegans or Drosophila, highlighting the crucial role for Aβ and tau in human neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we will introduce selected AD/FTLD models and discuss how they were instrumental, by identifying deregulated mRNAs, miRNAs and proteins, in dissecting pathogenic mechanisms in neurodegenerative disease. We will discuss some recent examples, which includes miRNA species that are specifically deregulated by Aβ, mitochondrial proteins that are targets of both Aβ and tau, and the nuclear splicing factor SFPQ that accumulates in the cytoplasm in a tau-dependent manner. These examples illustrate how a functional genomics approach followed by a careful validation in experimental models and human tissue leads to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of AD and FTLD and ultimately, may help in finding a cure.