gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
JIT compilation policy for modern machines (2011)

Dynamic or Just-in-Time (JIT) compilation is crucial to achieve acceptable performance for applications (written in managed languages, such as Java and C#) distributed as intermediate language binary codes for a virtual machine (VM) architecture. Since it occurs at runtime, JIT compilation needs to carefully tune its compilation policy to make effective decisions regarding 'if' and 'when' to compile different program regions to achieve the best overall program performance. Past research has extensively tuned JIT compilation policies, but mainly for VMs with a single compiler thread and for execution on single-processor machines. This work is driven by the need to explore the most effective JIT compilation strategies in their modern operational environment, where (a) processors have evolved from single to multi/many cores, and (b) VMs provide support for multiple concurrent compiler threads. Our results confirm that changing 'if' and 'when' methods are compiled have significant performance impacts. We construct several novel configurations in the HotSpot JVM to facilitate this study. The new configurations are necessitated by modern Java benchmarks that impede traditional static whole-program discovery, analysis and annotation, and are required for simulating future many-core hardware that is not yet widely available. We study the effects on performance of increasing compiler aggressiveness for VMs with multiple compiler threads running on existing single/multi-core and future many-core machines. Our results indicate that although more aggressive JIT compilation policies show no benefits on single-core machines, these can often improve program performance for multi/many-core machines. However, accurately prioritizing JIT method compilations is crucial to realize such benefits.
Theoretical and Experimental Study on the Self-Raman Laser With<tex>$hbox Nd:YVO_4$</tex>Crystal (2006)

The intracavity photon densities and the initial population inversion density were assumed to be Gaussian distributions in the rate equations of the laser diode end-pumped actively Q-switched intracavity Raman laser. These space-dependent rate equations were solved numerically. In the experiment, an efficient self-Raman laser was realized based on the multifunctional Nd:YVO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> laser crystal with the acoustooptic Q-switch. The output, temporal, and spectral characteristics of the self-Raman laser were investigated experimentally in detail. The performance of the self-Raman laser was studied numerically, and the theoretical results showed the main trends of the intracavity Raman laser, which are in agreement with the experimental ones
“宜家”创始人英格瓦·坎普拉德 (2006)

“宜家”创始人英格瓦·坎普拉德在2004年初成为了报刊头条，原因是瑞典的商业杂志Veckans Affarer报道称他已经超越比尔·盖茨成为世界首富。“宜家”不同寻常的所有权结构使得该说法存在争议，但“宜家”无疑仍是世界上最庞大、最成功的私有企业之一——在31个同家有200多家分店，员工人数超过7万5千人，年销售额超过120亿欧元。
Bioactivity of Resveratrol (2006)

ABSTRACT: Resveratrol (3,5,4′‐trihydroxystilbene) is a natural polyphenolic phytochemical with a variety of bioactivities associated with health promotion. Resveratrol is readily absorbed with the other absorbable digestion products of its main human dietary sources (peanuts, peanut butter, grapes, and red wine). The polyphenolic structure of resveratrol confers antioxidant activity and may reduce oxidant‐induced apoptosis and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. Resveratrol may be responsible, in part, for the correlation between increased wine consumption and decreased risk of coronary heart disease. The cardioprotective activity of resveratrol is associated with the inhibition of platelet aggregation and LDL oxidation and the promotion of artery vasorelaxation. As a chemoprevention agent, resveratrol has been shown to inhibit tumor initiation, promotion, and progression, as well as inhibit the growth of cancerous cells through increased apoptosis and/or cell cycle blockage. Inflammatory processes are associated in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases including heart disease and cancer. Resveratrol has been shown to reduce inflammation via inhibition of prostaglandin production, cyclooxygenase‐2 activity, and nuclear factor‐кB activity. In addition, the estrogenic activity of resveratrol may help prevent post‐menopausal bone loss. Modulation of cellular signal transduction pathways (such as mitogen‐activated protein kinases) may explain, in part, the diverse bioactivities associated with resveratrol. Scientific information summarized in this review supports the many potential health benefits of resveratrol; however, further understanding of the bioavailability, metabolism, and cellular effects of resveratrol is necessary.
Wnt/β-catenin signaling cell-autonomously converts non-hepatic endodermal cells to a liver fate (2012)

Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays multiple roles in liver development including hepatoblast proliferation and differentiation, hepatocyte differentiation, and liver zonation. A positive role for Wnt/β-catenin signaling in liver specification was recently identified in zebrafish; however, its underlying cellular mechanisms are unknown. Here, we present two cellular mechanisms by which Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates liver specification. First, using lineage tracing we show that ectopic hepatoblasts, which form in the endoderm posterior to the liver upon activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, are derived from the direct conversion of non-hepatic endodermal cells, but not from the posterior migration of hepatoblasts. We found that endodermal cells at the 4-6(th) somite levels, which normally give rise to the intestinal bulb or intestine, gave rise to hepatoblasts in Wnt8a-overexpressing embryos, and that the distribution of traced endodermal cells in Wnt8a-overexpressing embryos was similar to that in controls. Second, by using an endoderm-restricted cell-transplantation technique and mosaic analysis with transgenic lines that cell-autonomously suppress or activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling upon heat-shock, we show that Wnt/β-catenin signaling acts cell-autonomously in endodermal cells to induce hepatic conversion. Altogether, these data demonstrate that Wnt/β-catenin signaling can induce the fate-change of non-hepatic endodermal cells into a liver fate in a cell-autonomous manner. These findings have potential application to hepatocyte differentiation protocols for the generation of mature hepatocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells, supplying a sufficient amount of hepatocytes for cell-based therapies to treat patients with severe liver diseases.
Concentrations of Thiocyanate and Hypothiocyanite in the Saliva of Young Adults. (1994)

The study was conducted to determine thiocyanate (SCN-) and hypothiocyanite (OSCN-) concentrations in resting (RWS) and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) and stimulated parotid saliva (SPS) of 20 healthy young adults aged 21-29 y. Samples of saliva were collected at 12:30, immediately before lunch. Resting saliva was collected by expectoration, and stimulated saliva was collected during the uniform chewing of paraffin wax. Parotid secretion was collected using a modified Carlsson-Crittenden cup (Carlsson et al., Am, J. Physiol., 26, 169-177, 1910). SCN- concentration was determined by the ferric nitrate method (Betts et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 75, 5721-5727, 1953) whilst OSCN- was assayed using 2-mercaptoethanol as a reducing agent (Pruitt et al., Caries Res., 16, 315-323, 1982). In RWS, SWS and SPS, the mean SCN- concentrations (in mM) were 1.48 +/- 0.59(S.D.), 0.90 +/- 0.56(S.D.) and 1.24 +/- 0.65(S.D.) whilst the mean OSCN- concentrations (in microM) were 31.21 +/- 13.54(S.D.), 24.90 +/- 12.61 and 30.19 +/- 23.35(S.D.) in the respective salivas. The presence of OSCN- in the secretion collected from the parotid gland supported previous findings by Tenovuo and Pruitt (Tenovuo et al., J. Oral Path, ol. 13, 573-584, 1984), who suggested an endogenous glandular (eukaryotic) source of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), since parotid saliva from healthy glands is devoid of bacteria and leukocytes.
When Jurisdictional Boundaries Become Barriers to Good Patient Care (2013)

Canada is a pioneer in remote cancer care delivery to underserved populations; however, it is trailing behind on policies that would support clinicians in providing care using distance technologies. The current policy framework is disjointed, and discussions by professional boards about online jurisprudence associated with licensure appear to be regressive. We hope that by addressing the discrepancies in interjurisdictional practice and focusing on the key issue of "where therapy resides," we will be able to nudge dialogue and thinking closer toward the reasoning and recommendations of national telehealth organizations. We present this discussion of jurisdictional issues and e-health practice in the context of a pan-Canadian online support program developed for cancer patients and family members. Although the present paper uses online support groups as a springboard to advocate for e-health, it ultimately addresses a broader audience: that of all Canadian health care stakeholders.
Comparison between noninvasive measurement of central venous pressure using near infrared spectroscopy with an invasive central venous pressure monitoring in cardiac surgical Intensive Care Unit (2016)

Noninvasive assessment of the CVP based on NIRS yields readings consistently close to those measured invasively. CVPn may be a clinically useful substitute for CVPi measurements with an advantage of being simple and continuous. It is a promising tool for early management of acute state wherein knowledge of CVP is helpful.
GTPases: a family of molecular switches and clocks (1995)

Members of the GTPase superfamily share a core domain with a conserved three-dimensional structure and a common GTPase cycle, but perform a wide variety of regulatory tasks in eukaryotic cells. Evolution has created functional diversity from the conserved GTPase structure in two principal ways: (i) by combining in the product of a single gene the core GTPase domain attached to one or more additional folded domains; (ii) by building around a core GTPase an assembly of proteins encoded by different genes. Analysis of the patterns of conserved amino acid side chains on surfaces of G alpha proteins reveals interfaces with other proteins in the G-protein signal linking device.
Essential Tremor (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Coleus forskohlii - a comprehensive review on morphology, phytochemistry and pharmacological aspects. (2010)

Coleus forskohlii is an important indigenous medicinal plant in India.  It has been used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for curing various disorders and this is the only source of the diterpenoid forskolin.  Forskolin is used for the treatment of eczema, asthma, psoriasis, cardiovascular disorders and hypertension, where decreased intracellular cAMP level is believed to be a major factor in the development of the disease process. A comprehensive account of the morphology, distribution, medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, analytical methods, cultivation aspects and biotechnological approaches for forskolin production reported are included in view of the many recent findings of importance on this plant.

	 

	Key words: Coleus forskohlii, forskolin, review.
A controller-based autonomic defense system (2004)

We demonstrate the results of our research into the implementation of a host-based autonomic defense system (ADS) using a partially-observable Markov decision process. The goal of an ADS is to "relexively" respond to an attack, thwarting it to the extent that humans have time to form a tactical response to the attack. A defensive system that automatically responds to an attack must meet two criteria: it must select the correct response in the face of an attack, and it must not take actions to attacks that are not there. This challenge is exacerbated by the fact that, in order to detect never-before-seen attacks, the ADS must use anomaly detectors for its sensor input; anomaly detectors typically have relatively high false positive and false negative rates. Thus, key to an ADS is a controller that can obtain a valid signal from a noisy sensor. The ALPHATECH Lightweight Autonomic Defense System (/spl alpha/LADS) is a prototype ADS constructed around a PO-MDP stochastic controller. The state model allows the controller to filter out the false positives from the anomaly sensor such that authorized processes are not killed and false alerts are not issued. We demonstrate /spl alpha/LADS defending against Internet worms operating in real time.
Introduction générale. La vulnérabilité des petits paysans face aux sécheresses : une approche interdisciplinaire (2001)

La question de la vulnérabilité des petits paysans face aux sécheresses se pose, dans le Nordeste du Brésil, dans un contexte social fortement inégalitaire. Cette fragilité, à la fois d’origine sociale et écologique, entraîne des conséquences en termes de durabilité des ressources naturelles de ces écosystèmes transformés par l’homme. Un exemple remarquable des problèmes causés par la semi-aridité sous tous ses aspects, climatiques, écologiques et sociaux, avec ses conséquences en termes de d...
An Overview of Speaker Identification: Accuracy and Robustness Issues (2011)

This paper presents the main paradigms for speaker identification, and recent work on missing data methods to increase robustness. The feature extraction, speaker modeling and system classification are discussed. Evaluations of speaker identification performance subject to environmental noise are presented. While performance is impressive in clean speech conditions, there is rapid degradation with mismatched additive noise. Missing data methods can compensate against arbitrary disturbances and remove environmental mismatches. An overview of missing data methods is provided and applications to robust speaker identification summarized. Finally combined approaches involving bottom-up estimation and top-down processing are reviewed, and their significance discussed.
A novel high speed current mirror compensation technique and application (2002)

In this paper, we propose a very simple but powerful method of bandwidth enhancement for general CMOS current-mirror circuits. Introducing a compensation resistor between the gates of the primary transistor pair of the current-mirror can lead to a significant bandwidth enhancement. Both simulated and measured results are presented in this paper.
Model-based probabilistic relaxation segmentation applied to threat detection in airport X-ray imagery (2003)

This paper presents a new model-based probabilistic relaxation technique for segmentation. Model-based probabilistic relaxation labeling (PRL) uses high-level model characteristics to segment out objects in an image. Airport security involves X-ray imaging to examine the contents of the carry-on baggage. Traditionally, security officers must inspect large amounts of data, and in most cases discover no threat objects. As a result, they become less attentive and easily distracted, allowing for the possibility that threat objects may be overlooked. This type of situation is well suited for a computer vision system, which never tires, operates at a consistent level and could establish a minimum expected level of threat detection. Any computer vision problem can be divided into three stages: segmentation, feature extraction and feature evaluation. This paper presents a new method of segmentation. The segmentation phase of computer vision can be viewed as an input stage in which candidate regions of the image are identified, and if they meet basic conditions are processed by the remaining stages of the vision system.
An old enzyme for current needs: adenosine deaminase and a dendritic cell vaccine for HIV (2011)

After nearly three decades of searching for a vaccine against HIV, a cure for this pandemic disease still remains elusive. The low immunogenicity of the surface proteins and the huge variability of the virus, together with the immunocompromised status of the host, have made developing an HIV vaccine an uphill battle. Over the past few years, both immunogen design and immunization strategies have improved, providing hope for future, although the anti-HIV responses achieved still remain modest. As developing a prophylactic vaccine seems unlikely nowadays, efforts have focused on alternative therapeutic immunization approaches, although these still need to be further optimized. Using an immunomodulator capable of restoring immune function in the context of infection, thereby boosting cell-mediated and humoral responses, could be critical in effectively improving current therapeutic approaches. Adenosine deaminase, a protein with a pivotal role in T-cell co-stimulation, has been shown to robustly enhance specific T-cell responses against HIV in vitro. Although its role in humoral responses has not yet been assessed, genetic defects in this enzyme are associated with impaired cellular and humoral responses. Importantly, this molecule is already commercially available pharmaceutically and, therefore, it fulfils all the requirements to be assayed as an anti-HIV vaccine adjuvant.
Interaction of Ras and Raf in intact mammalian cells upon extracellular stimulation. (1994)

It has recently been shown that Ras proteins interact directly with Raf serine/threonine kinases in vitro and in the yeast two-hybrid system, leading to speculation that Raf proteins function as effectors for Ras. Here it is demonstrated that the endogenous Raf-1 protein co-immunoprecipitates with Ras from mammalian cells when the non-neutralizing anti-Ras monoclonal antibody Y13-238 is used. The formation of a Ras-Raf complex is absolutely dependent on prior treatment of the cells with a stimulus that activates Ras: phorbol ester or anti-T cell receptor antibody in the case of human peripheral blood T lymphoblasts, or epidermal growth factor in the case of Rat-1 fibroblasts. Up to 3% of cellular Raf-1 can be found in association with Ras. The association is not competed by addition of exogenous GST-Raf to the cell lysates and is therefore unlikely to be due to Ras-Raf binding after cell lysis. Specific interaction of Ras and Raf therefore occurs in intact mammalian cells in response to stimuli that cause Ras to become GTP-bound.
A bisection algorithm for fuzzy quadratic optimal control problems (2007)

In this paper we propose an iterative method to solve an\noptimal control problem, with fuzzy target and constraints. A solving ethod is developed for such type of problem, under quite general hypotheses. The algorithm is developed in such a way as to satisfy as best as possible both the target function and all the constraints. It consists of an iterative procedure, which modifies the admissible region with the aim to increase at each step the global performance. Even if the procedure is quite general, the algorithm can be applied only if a method exists to solve a crisp parametric sub-problem obtained by the original one. This is the case for a quadratic-linear target function with linear constraints, for which some well established solvable methods exist for the crisp associated sub-problem. The algorithm is particularized to this case, and a numerical test is proposed, showing the quick convergence to the optimal solution.
Uncoupling protein gene: quantification of expression levels in adipose tissues of obese and non-obese humans (1997)

The mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP), which is exclusively expressed in brown adipose tissue, regulates energy expenditure in rodents but its importance in the energy homeostasis of adult humans is uncertain. To study associations of UCP gene expression with human obesity, we determined, by a competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay, UCP mRNA expression levels in intra- and extraperitoneal adipose tissues of 79 obese subjects and 17 lean controls. UCP mRNA and internal standard RNA were reverse transcribed and coamplified in one reaction in which the same primers were used. The signal intensities of UCP mRNA products were compared with the signal intensities of standard RNA products to quantify UCP mRNA abundance. UCP mRNA was detected in all intra- and extraperitoneal adipose tissues studied. In both obese and non-obese subjects, UCP mRNA abundance was higher in the intraperitoneal than in the extraperitoneal tissue (P < 0.001). Compared to lean controls, morbidly obese subjects showed a significantly lower age- and gender-adjusted UCP mRNA expression level in the intraperitoneal adipose tissue (3.467 +/- 2.483 vs. 6.917 +/- 4.292 amol/fmol beta-actin mRNA; mean +/- SD, P < 0.002), while UCP mRNA abundance in extraperitoneal adipose tissue did not differ between obese and nonobese subjects. These data are consistent with reduced energy expenditure in obesity, but it remains to be determined whether the association of decreased intraperitoneal UCP mRNA expression with obesity status reflects a causal contribution of brown adipose tissue function to the pathogenesis of obesity.
Conformational study of bridgehead lactams. Preparation and X-ray structural analysis of 1-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,6-dione (1989)

3-(2-Carboxyethyl)-4-piperidone (5), prepared from N-benzyl-4-piperidone and benzyl acrylate (9), was thermally cyclized in the presence of dibutyltin oxide to 1-azabicyclo[3.3.1 ]nonane-2,6-dione (4), which possesses a bridgehead amide nitrogen. The boat–chair conformation of (4) in the solid state has been characterized by X-ray crystal structure analysis and the bridgehead amide shown to be appreciably distorted from planarity, with N(1) displaced by 0.37 Å from the plane of C(2), C(8), and C(9). Crystallographic data are a= 6.214(4), b= 6.845(5), c= 17.850(8)Å, Z= 4, space group P21cn. X-Ray intensity measurements were made on a four-circle diffractometer and least-squares adjustment of the atomic parameters converged at R= 0.038 for 1 004 reflections.
Matching properties of linear MOS capacitors (1989)

Various random error mechanisms which affect the matching of MOS capacitors have been studied in a systematic manner. For the dimensions and technology considered, normalized random error in capacitor-ratio has been observed to have an inverse square-root dependence on the capacitor-area, a linear dependence on the perimeter-to-area ratio, and a very weak dependence, n/sup 16/, on the capacitor-ratio n. Increasing the intercapacitor gap slows down its dependence on n.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Hair Shaft Damage from Heat and Drying Time of Hair Dryer (2011)

Although using a hair dryer causes more surface damage than natural drying, using a hair dryer at a distance of 15 cm with continuous motion causes less damage than drying hair naturally.