gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Indirect reduction and percutaneous fixation <i>versus</i> open reduction and internal fixation for displaced intra-articular fractures of the distal radius (2005)

A total of 179 adult patients with displaced intra-articular fractures of the distal radius was randomised to receive indirect percutaneous reduction and external fixation (n = 88) or open reduction and internal fixation (n = 91). Patients were followed up for two years. During the first year the upper limb musculoskeletal function assessment score, the SF-36 bodily pain sub-scale score, the overall Jebsen score, pinch strength and grip strength improved significantly in all patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the radiological restoration of anatomical features or the range of movement between the groups. During the period of two years, patients who underwent indirect reduction and percutaneous fixation had a more rapid return of function and a better functional outcome than those who underwent open reduction and internal fixation, provided that the intra-articular step and gap deformity were minimised.
Vibrating Wire Viscometer (1964)

The damping of transverse vibrations of a wire in a viscous fluid is the basis for a viscometer of high precision and versatility. A solution to the hydrodynamic problem is indicated, and shown to be valid for a wide range of physical parameters. The device is simple in operation and design, adaptable to various decay constant measuring techniques, and requires only a small volume of sample fluid. The viscosity of liquid helium II between 1.10°K and the lambda point has been measured with this technique, and shows a mean scatter of about 2%. This technique is particularly appropriate for fluids of low viscosity.
Container Size Alters Root Growth of Western Black Cherry as Measured via Image Analysis (1994)

Microcuttings of three western black cherry ( Prunus serotina var. virens Ehrh.) phenotypes obtained from seedling trees with profuse or scant root systems were grown in two container sizes to examine the early effects of root constraint. Because manual methods to estimate root length and other characteristics are time consuming and subjective, an image analysis hardware and software system (image capture and analysis system) was used to classify and measure the roots. There was a significant effect of clone on fine-root surface area, coarse: fine root ratio, and root dry weight ( P ≤ 0.05), but root characteristics (profuse or scant root development) of the parent material were absent in the vegetative propagules from these lines. Container size had no significant effect on coarse- or fine-root surface area but did reduce coarse: fine root ratio ( P ≤ 0.05). A threshold effect of container size on root dry weight was detected ( P ≤ 0.1).
A Sensor-Based Method for Diagnostics of Machine Tool Linear Axes. (2015)

A linear axis is a vital subsystem of machine tools, which are vital systems within many manufacturing operations. When installed and operating within a manufacturing facility, a machine tool needs to stay in good condition for parts production. All machine tools degrade during operations, yet knowledge of that degradation is illusive; specifically, accurately detecting degradation of linear axes is a manual and time-consuming process. Thus, manufacturers need automated and efficient methods to diagnose the condition of their machine tool linear axes without disruptions to production. The Prognostics and Health Management for Smart Manufacturing Systems (PHM4SMS) project at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) developed a sensor-based method to quickly estimate the performance degradation of linear axes. The multi-sensor-based method uses data collected from a 'sensor box' to identify changes in linear and angular errors due to axis degradation; the sensor box contains inclinometers, accelerometers, and rate gyroscopes to capture this data. The sensors are expected to be cost effective with respect to savings in production losses and scrapped parts for a machine tool. Numerical simulations, based on sensor bandwidth and noise specifications, show that changes in straightness and angular errors could be known with acceptable test uncertainty ratios. If a sensor box resides on a machine tool and data is collected periodically, then the degradation of the linear axes can be determined and used for diagnostics and prognostics to help optimize maintenance, production schedules, and ultimately part quality.
Isolated ACTH deficiency. Metabolic and endocrine studies in a 7-year-old boy. (1978)

Metabolic and endocrine studies on a 7-year-old boy who presented with hypoglycaemic convulsions are reported in detail, proving the diagnosis of isolated ACTH deficiency--a rare cause of hypoglycaemia in childhood. Adrenaline secretion during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia was reduced. Low blood alanine levels occurred during starvation-induced hypoglycaemia, together with raised total blood ketone bodies; blood glucose did not increase adequately after oral alanine at this time. Hypoglycaemia in isolated ACTH deficiency appears to be due to a combination of impaired alanine mobilisation and a decreased rate of gluconeogenesis.
A New Access to Diarylmaleic Anhydrides (1999)

A new three-step synthesis of diarylmaleic anhydrides 6, starting from 3-aryl-2-hydroxybut-2-enedioates 2, is reported.
Upconversion Nanoparticle-Based Förster Resonance Energy Transfer for Detecting DNA Methylation (2016)

Aberrant methylation of a crucial CpG island is the main mechanism for the inactivation of CDKN2A in the early stages of carcinogenesis. Therefore, the detection of DNA methylation with high sensitivity and specificity is important, and various detection methods have been developed. Recently, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been found to display a high signal-to-noise ratio and no photobleaching, making them useful for diagnostic applications. In this pilot study, we applied UCNPs to the detection of CDKN2A methylation and evaluated the feasibility of this system for use in molecular diagnostics. DNA PCR was performed using biotinylated primers, and the PCR amplicon was then intercalated with SYTOX Orange dye, followed by incubation with streptavidin-conjugated UCNPs. Fluorescence detection of the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) of the UCNPs (MS-UC-FRET) was then performed, and the results were compared to those from real-time PCR (RQ-PCR) and pyrosequencing. Detection by MS-UC-FRET was more sensitive than that by either RQ-PCR or pyrosequencing. Our results confirmed the success of our MS-UC-FRET system for detecting DNA methylation and demonstrated the potential application of this system in molecular diagnostics.
Axial distribution of solid holdup in bubble column for gas‐liquid‐solid systems (1989)

Abstract The axial distribution of solid holdup was investigated in a bubble column of 0.07 m in diameter and 4.25 m in height. The particle phase was glass beads of diameter 66, 118, 243, 465 or 1,300 μm. The effective slip velocity and the axial dispersion coefficient of the solid particles were evaluated in batch operation without solids feed and were correlated on the basis of mixing length theory. The equations obtained were applied to analyze axial profiles of particle concentration with a continuous feed of solids, and experimental data in the literature were simulated successfully over a wide range of solid concentration.
Strengthening of Solid-State Joining of Cu Using Femtosecond Laser-Induced Periodical Surface Nanostructure (2010)

In the present research we investigated the feasibility of reducing the joining temperature in the solidstate
Proton Ejection Accompanying Light-Induced Electron Transfer in Chlorophyll-Quinone System (1967)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTProton Ejection Accompanying Light-Induced Electron Transfer in Chlorophyll-Quinone SystemKenneth Quinlan and Eiji FujimoriCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1967, 71, 12, 4154–4155Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1967Publication History Published online23 February 2006Published inissue 1 November 1967https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100871a600https://doi.org/10.1021/j100871a600research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Fructose Malabsorption and Lactose Maldigestion in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Other GI Conditions (2005)

Purpose: Carbohydrates may play a role in symptoms experienced by patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and those with other functional or undiagnosed abdominal conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of fructose malabsorption (FM) and lactose maldigestion (LM) in a cohort of patients who did and did not meet Rome I and II criteria for IBS. Methods: The study group consisted of patients who were evauated for IBS, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, bloating or other symptoms attributable to the hollow viscus. A questionnaire was completed noting demographics, Rome I and II IBS symptom criteria and exclusions. Study subjects had breath collections before and after lactose challenge with 50g powdered lactose in water and on a separate day 1 week apart challenge with fructose 25g. Breath samples were analyzed for hydrogen, methane and CO2 (for correction) using a Quintron MicroLyer model SC. FM and LM were defined by a greater than 20ppm gas rise above fasting baseline. Results: Of the 66 subjects (72% of the study cohort) who met IBS criteria, there were 54 females and 12 males. The mean age of the IBS group was 47 years ± 14. Nine (14%) had FM and 26 (39%) had LM. Of those who did not meet IBS criteria, there were 19 females and 7 males. The mean age was 56 ± 12. Three (11%) had FM and nine (34%) had LM. No symptom or demographic predicted carbohydrate challenge results. Conclusions: The prevalence of FM and LM are such that carbohydrate testing is advised for those with IBS and other functional and undiagnosed gastrointestinal conditions. Further experience and investigation will be needed to elucidate the clinical importance of FM and LM in these disorders.
Progressive Retinal Toxicity in Neonatal Rats Treated with D, L-2-amino-3-phosphonopropionate (D,L-AP3) (1995)

D,L-2-amino-3-phosphonopropionate (D,L-AP3) has complex pharmacologic activity at central nervous system metabotropic glutamate receptors important in excitatory neurotransmission and development. Previous studies have described retinal and optic nerve atrophy in adult rats after postnatal treatment with D,L-AP3. Using neonatal male Sprague-Dawley rats, the present studies examined normal postnatal retinal development (n = 20) and the progression of retinal toxicity induced by D,L-AP3 (n = 30). Retinal development was examined by light microscopy on postnatal days (PNDs) 5, 9, 12, 16, and 22. Between PNDs 5 and 16, the retina underwent considerable postnatal differentiation. A prominent neuroblastic layer evident on PND 5 differentiated into outer retinal layers by PND 16. To examine the effects of D,L-AP3, neonatal rats were treated intraperitoneally with sterile water or 400 mg/kg/day D,L-AP3 on PNDs 3-6. On PNDs 5, 7, 10, 15, and 20, retinas were examined by light and electron microscopy. On PNDs 5 and 7, cells with swollen, pale cytoplasm were evident in the more differentiated inner nuclear layer and in the middle of the developing neuroblastic layer. Retinal toxicity rapidly progressed after treatment, because developing outer retinal layers had cytoplasmic swelling, nuclear pyknosis, and necrosis on PND 10. By PNDs 15 and 20, retinal dystrophy was severe and involved primarily outer layers. This study showed that early postnatal treatment with D,L-AP3 initiates rapidly progressing retinal toxicity, thus implicating metabotropic glutamate receptors in the postnatal retinal development of rats.
Reversible Renovascular Hypertension and Renal Arterial Pressure (1974)

SummaryIn the conscious, trained dog we have noted an increase in apparent renin secretion following renal artery constriction and reduction of renal arterial pressure, with little or no change in renal blood flow, and without significant change in distribution of cortical blood flow. Within 2-5 days, however, basal renin secretion rates declined toward normal despite maintained renal arterial hypotension; body fluid volume was increased. A highly significant correlation between systemic blood pressure and body wt was noted. With release of the cuff, a natriuresis and diuresis was observed, with a return of body weight and hematocrit to normal within the first 24-48 hr. However, despite the decrease in body fluid, and the decrease in renin secretion and PRA, blood pressure returned to control level more slowly, suggesting a resetting of the baroreceptor reflex.
The manipulation of air-sensitive compounds (Shriver, D. F.) (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVBook and Media Revie...Book and Media ReviewNEXTThe manipulation of air-sensitive compounds (Shriver, D. F.)E. C. Ashby Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 10, A721Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1970Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 October 1970Published inissue 1 October 1970https://doi.org/10.1021/ed047pA721.2RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views596Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 1,5‐ AND 1,7‐NAPHTHYRIDIN‐4(1H)‐ONES (1976)

Abstract Die Reaktion des 3‐Aminopyridins (I) mit den β‐Ketoestern (II) liefert die 3‐Aminoacrylsäure ester (III), die beim Erhitzen mit siedendem Diphenyläther unter verdünnten Bedingungen eine Mischung der Naphthyridinone (IV) und (V) im Verhältnis 4:1 bilden.
Retinoscopy/autorefraction: which is the best starting point for a noncycloplegic refraction? (2005)

The present results confirm that when performed by an experienced clinician, retinoscopy is more accurate than automatic refraction, giving a better starting point to noncycloplegic refraction.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ROLE OF ZWITTERIONIC PEROXIDES IN CONTROLLING HYDROPEROXIDATION (1979)

Abstract Bei der Hydroperoxidierung der isomeren Olefine (I) und (III) mit Singulett‐Sauerstoff werden unterschiedliche Ergebnisse erhalten, indem aus (I) ausschließlich das Hydroperoxid (II), aus (III) dagegen ein Gemisch aus (II) und einem Isomeren (IV) gebildet werden.
An Easily Implemented Method for Abbreviation Expansion for the Medical Domain in Japanese Text (2012)

Character information may be a good alternative in terms of simplicity to morphological information for abbreviation expansion in English medical abbreviations appeared in Japanese texts on the Internet.
Management of Incomplete Initial Repair in the Treatment of Degenerative Mitral Insufficiency (2018)

We sought to present our institutional protocol to manage incomplete initial repair of degenerative mitral regurgitation and to evaluate its mid-term outcomes. Eight hundred and fifteen patients with degenerative mitral insufficiency undergoing mitral valve repair were investigated in this study. The initial repair attempt was incomplete in 48 patients, leaving a degree of residual regurgitation > mild, and an elevated transmitral gradient or systolic anterior motion (SAM). These patients were further treated with medication or mitral valve re-repair or replacement under reinstituted cardiopulmonary bypass. Transesophageal echocardiographic reports and operational records were reviewed to identify morphological causes and establish management of incomplete initial repair. Mid-term outcomes of patients with re-repair and complete initial repair were evaluated and compared. Residual mitral regurgitation > mild was detected in 25 patients, an elevated transmitral gradient was detected in seven patients, and SAM was detected in 16 patients. The condition of eight patients with SAM was resolved with medication only. Mitral valve re-repair was performed in 23 patients and replacement was performed in 17, with comparable early mortality and morbidity. At 60.3 ± 25.5 months after surgery, late mitral stenosis and reoperation rate were significantly higher in re-repair patients than in patients with complete initial repair, despite comparable survival, left chamber reverse remodeling, and degree of residual regurgitation. Based on our institutional protocol, acceptable outcomes can be achieved for patients with incomplete initial mitral valve repair. Management should be tailored based on the characteristics of the mitral valve complex, expected repair durability, and operative risk.
EFFECT OF NITROGEN SOURCE AND CALCITIC LIME ON SOIL pH AND POTATO YIELD, LEAF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AND TUBER CADMIUM CONCENTRATIONS (2002)

Three glasshouse experiments, using light textured soils, were conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) source and calcitic lime on i) soil pHw(soil pH in water), ii) tuber yield, iii) leaf chemical composition, and iv) cadmium (Cd) accumulation in tubers of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars Russet Burbank and Atlantic. The N sources applied were calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, urea, and ammonium sulfate. Rates of calcitic lime ranged from 0 to 20 t ha−1. Liming increased soil pHwvalues up to 2.8 units, and depending on sampling time, differences in soil pHwof up to 1.8 units occurred between the N sources. In 2 of the 3 experiments there was a significant interaction between lime and N source in their effects on tuber yield. When calcium nitrate was the N source, liming decreased tuber yields. In contrast, with ammonium sulfate yield increased. The effects of liming and N source on the chemical composition of the 5th leaf were not consistent between experiments. Liming significantly decreased potassium (K), sulfur (S), boron (B), and manganese (Mn) concentrations and increased calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) concentrations. The application of ammonium sulfate consistently decreased Ca and Mg concentrations in the 5th leaf compared with calcium nitrate. Liming significantly decreased tuber Cd concentrations in all experiments. The use of calcium nitrate as the N source resulted in significantly higher Cd concentrations in tubers compared with ammonium sulfate when no calcitic lime was applied. It is possible that Ca added in this fertilizer enhanced Cd uptake through displacement of Cd from soil surfaces.
Repair of Locked Bucket-Handle Meniscal Tears in Knees with Chronic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficiency (2003)

Locked bucket-handle meniscal tears heal at a high rate when repaired as an isolated procedure, even when full weightbearing and activity before reconstruction is allowed and when the tear is in the white-on-white zone.
Pipeline Lubrication of Heavy Oil: Experimental Investigation of Flow and Restart Problems (2005)

Heavy oil represents a large quantity of hydrocarbon resources. Unfortunately its high viscosity makes it difficult to produce and to transport. Different solutions have been developed to transport heavy oil in pipeline like blending the crude oil by a light hydrocarbon. In this study we investigate a technique based on two-phase flow: pipeline lubrication. A thin water film is injected around the internal oil core and lead to the core-annular flow regime. Water lubricates the heavy oil and longitudinal pressure gradient is then largely reduced. An experimental study has been carried out where the influence of the water content and oil flow rate has been optimized for real heavy oil as the core of the flow. The tests were conducted in steady laminar flow at moderate flow rates. The results, obtained with annular water injection at the pipe wall, show a pressure drop reduction over than 90% as compared with the same product without lubrication. These results confirm the effectiveness of the lubricating process for heavy oil transport. Restart problems and specifically the limitation of restart pressure has been also investigated.
DISSOLUTION OF URANIUM-ZIRCONIUM FUEL ELEMENTS IN FUSED NaF-ZrF$sub 4$ (1957)

Fusion of the zirconium-bearing fuel material with metallic fluorides other than KF, namely, NaF, RbF, and PbF/sub 2/ also improved the separation of uranium upon subsequent treatment with BrF/sub 3/. The best fluoride for fuel pretreatment was found to be KF. The extent of uranium removal from NaF-ZrF/sub 4/-UF/sub 4/ as a function of the amount of KF used in prefusion showed that a maximum separation of 95 per cent was obtained with a mole ratio of KF/ZrF/sub 4/ = 1. The uranium removal from NaF-ZrF/sub 4/UF/sub 4/ was increased to 98.2 per cent by employing a 2 cycle KF fusion-BrF/sub 3/ treatment. (auth)
Formal consistency verification between BPEL process and privacy policy (2006)

Despite the increased privacy concerns in the Internet, not much attention has been paid into enforcing privacy policies of organisations who collect and consume personal data using automatic means (e.g., Web services). In this paper, we propose a graph-transformation based framework to check whether an internal business process (implemented using a standard Web service composition language such as BPEL) adheres to the organisation's privacy policies. The graph-based specification formalism combines the advantages of an intuitive visual framework with rigorous semantical foundation that allows consistency checking between a business process and privacy policy. The privacy consistency verification framework is defined by a set of rules to build the system state and sets of constraints (positive and negative) to specify the wanted and unwanted substates.
Morphosyntactic Tagging with a Meta-BiLSTM Model over Context Sensitive Token Encodings (2018)

Bernd Bohnet, Ryan McDonald, Gonçalo Simões, Daniel Andor, Emily Pitler, Joshua Maynez. Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers). 2018.