gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electrochemistry of Conductive Polymers 48. Electrochemical Polymerization of 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene in Ionic Liquids and Propylene Carbonate (2011)

Systematic studies on the electrochemical polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) were conducted at gold electrodes in two room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) sharing the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation (BMIM + ) for one of two anions, BF 4 − or TFSI − [bis(trifluoro-methylsulfonyl) imide], and in propylene carbonate (PC) containing BF 4 − or TFSI − for a common t-butylammonium cation. EDOT oxidation in RTILs was shown to undergo a change in charge-transfer mechanism during the potential sweep, which must have led to differences in polymerization reactions in the two media. Differences were noted between poly-EDOT (PEDOT) films prepared in RTILs and those in PC; PEDOT films were characterized using techniques including UV-visible absorption spectroscopic, scanning electron microscopic, and Fourier transform electrochemical impedance spectroscopic experiments. The films prepared in PC and with TFSI − displayed the better electrochemical properties. Differences in electron and mass transfer kinetics in different media led to differences observed for film growth kinetics, chain lengths, and redox characteristics for the PEDOT films. Also revealed was that different oxidation mechanisms are at work in RTILs in different potential regimes.
A search for interstellar pyrrole - Evidence that rings are less abundant than chains (1980)

Searches for three transitions of pyrrole (C4H5N) give maximum column density = 3-10 x 10 to the 13th per sq cm in Sgr B2. This limit is more than 10 times lower than previous ring molecule limits, and is slightly lower than column densities of known interstellar molecules with from four to six heavy atoms.
Regulation of Aldosterone Synthase Cytochrome P-450 in Rat Adrenals by Angiotensin II and Potassium* (1991)

Changes in the levels of aldosterone synthase cytochrome P-450, a recently identified enzyme in rat adrenals, were studied in response to the renin-angiotensin system and K stimuli. As examined by an immunoblot technique, the zona glomerulosa mitochondria from rats fed on a low Na-normal K diet (8.6 mmol Na+ and 207 mmol K+/kg of diet) or a low Na-high K (0.2 M KCl in drinking water) diet for 4-10 days contained significantly higher amounts of aldosterone synthase cytochrome P-450 than those from rats fed on a normal diet (86 mmol Na+ and 207 mmol K+/kg of diet). Activities of the enzyme were also found to increase by about 10-fold on day 10. In concert with these changes, both plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration increased, indicating that the renin-angiotensin system was activated in these rats. Feeding with a normal Na-high K diet also induced significantly higher levels of both amount and activity of aldosterone synthase cytochrome P-450 together with an elevated serum K concentration on day 4, though they all decreased to near the control level on the following days. On the other hand, when enalapril malate, an angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor, was administered to the low Na-normal K rats, the increases in the amount and activity of the enzyme as well as in plasma aldosterone concentration were suppressed altogether. However, the enalapril administration to the low Na-high K rats suppressed the increases only partially. These results indicate that the aldosterone synthase cytochrome P-450 is an ultimate target of the regulation of aldosterone biosynthesis by angiotensin II and K.
Effect of Perphenazine Treatment of Rats on Serum Ovarian and Adrenal Steroids (1974)

A comparison of the concentration of steroids in peripheral serum was made between normal rats in the third day of diestrus and rats injected subcutaneously for 3 days with 5 mg/kg body wt/day perphenazine. Progesterone levels were most markedly altered. When perphenazine treatment was begun on the afternoon following ovulation, the average progesterone level was increased 17-fold over that of untreated control rats; when treatment was begun on the afternoon preceding ovulation, the concentration of progesterone was increased only ten-fold. 20α-Hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one was only slightly decreased by the treatment. Irrespective of the day treatment was initiated, corticosterone was increased (threefold) and estradiol-17β was decreased (sixfold) by perphenazine administration. The results are discussed in relation to the known effects of perphenazine administration on prolactin secretion.
Signaling and induction of enhanced cytoadhesiveness via the hematopoietic progenitor cell surface molecule CD34 (1994)

The transmembrane glycoprotein CD34 shows a highly restricted expression on a crucial subset of hematopoietic cells. We show here that engagement of particular determinants of CD34 can lead to signal transduction and to enhanced adhesiveness of CD34+ hematopoietic cells. Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) directed against O-sialoglycoprotease- sensitive epitopes of CD34 (QBEND10, ICH3, BI.3C5, MY10) but not MoAbs against O-sialoglycoprotease-resistant epitopes (9F2, 8G12) induce actin polymerization in KG-1a and KG-1 cells and strongly enhanced cytoadhesiveness. The capacity to induce adhesion requires cellular energy, divalent cations, and intact cytoskeleton but not de novo protein synthesis. The observed cytoadhesion seems at least in part to be caused by a concomitant activation of the beta 2 integrin cytoadhesion pathway. It can be significantly inhibited with lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 and intercelluar adhesion molecule-1 antibodies. Protein kinase inhibition analyses suggest that the pathways initiated by engagement of the CD34 molecule with certain CD34 MoAbs involves protein tyrosine kinases but that protein kinase C is not critically involved.
Stereoselective syntheses of isoquinuclidones. I. (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStereoselective syntheses of isoquinuclidones. I.V. A. Snieckus, T. Onouchi, and V. BoekelheideCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1972, 37, 18, 2845–2848Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00983a011https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00983a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views228Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: Identification and Characterization of m4 Selective Muscarinic Antagonists. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
New (2-Methoxyphenyl)piperazine Derivatives as 5-HT1A Receptor Ligands with Reduced .alpha.1-Adrenergic Activity. Synthesis and Structure-Affinity Relationships (1995)

New 2-(methoxyphenyl)piperazine derivatives 1 and 2 containing a terminal heteroaryl or cycloalkyl amide fragment were prepared and their 5-HT1A affinities evaluated by radioligand binding assays. The influence of the alkyl chain length or the amide group on affinity was evaluated. A four-carbon chain appears to be optimal when the amide fragment is a heteroaryl group. Derivatives with a cycloalkyl moiety displayed maximum affinity in the two methylene chain series. Electronic distribution within the amide region seems to have an influence on affinity in heteroaryl derivatives. Replacement of the heteroaryl moiety by a cycloalkyl group led to compounds with enhanced affinity. Increasing the lipophilicity of the cycloalkyl derivatives by annelation and/or saturation increased their affinity for the 5-HT1A sites. Compounds with cis-bicyclo[3.3.0]octane (2a, 2c), norbornane (2f, 2g), and norbornene (2h, 2i) groups bind at 5-HT1A sites with 2-10-fold higher affinity than NAN-190. Antagonist activity at alpha 1-adrenergic receptors was evaluated for compounds with high affinity at 5-HT1A sites. Compounds 2a, 2c, 2f, 2g, and 2h strongly bind (Ki = 0.12-0.63 nM) at 5-HT1A receptors and are devoid of antagonist activity at alpha 1-adrenergic receptors.
Vein expression is induced by the EGF receptor pathway to provide a positive feedback loop in patterning the Drosophila embryonic ventral ectoderm (1999)

The presence of a single EGF receptor in Drosophila is contrasted by multiple ligands activating it. This work explores the role of two ligands, Spitz and Vein, in the embryonic ventral ectoderm. Spitz is a potent ligand, whereas Vein is an intrinsically weak activating ligand. We show that secreted Spitz emanating from the midline, triggers expression of vein in the ventral-most cell rows, by inducing expression of the ETS domain transcription factor Pointed P1. In the absence of Vein, lateral cell fates are not induced when Spitz levels are compromised. The positive feedback loop of Vein generates a robust mechanism for patterning the ventral ectoderm.
Temporally evaluated optical flow: study on accuracy (2003)

In order for visual feedback systems to have quick response, an image sequence captured at a much higher frame rate than the video rate has recently been employed. However when optical flow, which is often used for vision-based control, is computed by the conventional methods using such an image sequence, the result contains significant error because there is almost no variance between any two successive image frames. To deal with this problem, we propose temporally evaluated optical flow, which we compute by measuring the time required for each pixel to move a fixed distance using temporally consistent shifts of each pixel. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves accuracy and is superior to the conventional methods in terms of robustness.
Vasopressin-Resistant Diabetes Insipidus (1959)

In 1947 Williams and Henry<sup>1</sup>introduced the term "nephrogenic" to describe a form of diabetes insipidus in patients whose symptoms were not relieved by the administration of vasopressin. The disease had been mentioned in 1923 by Veil,<sup>2</sup>who noted the same lack of response in some of his patients. The published literature until 1945 describing this type of diabetes insipidus (as well as the ordinary type in which vasopressin is effective) was reviewed by Forssman,<sup>3</sup>who also included eight cases of his own. The supposition that the kidney was at fault was made by Williams and Henry<sup>1</sup>on the basis that renal function was found to be somewhat impaired in the patient whom they studied. They found the renal plasma flow (R. P. F.), the maximal tubular excretion (Tm) of iodopyracet (Diodrast), and the urea clearance to be low, in addition to subnormal renal concentrating powers
Characteristics of the Hedeman H-1, H-2, and H-3 Codes (1981)

This paper examines three new digital modulation binary codes developed by Hedeman and denoted as the H-1, H-2, and H-3 codes. It contains a complete description of the Hedeman codes and analyzes several of their important properties. The bit error probability is displayed as a function of signal-to-noise ratio, and detector implementation is discussed. It is shown that with a maximum likelihood sequence estimator using soft decisions, the H-2 and H-3 codes can achieve the same bit error rate as the nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) or Manchester codes. Autocorrelation functions and power spectral densities of the Hedeman codes are presented. These results indicate that they possess the favorable quality of no dc component. Finally, symbol synchronization is considered. Here, phase synchronizing template patterns are identified and the probability of resynchronization is given as a function of time after loss of synchronization.
Crack Sensitivity T-Tests on the Tentative High Tensile Mn-Si Steel (1956)

The crack sensitity T-tests in accodrance with DIN 50129 and its modification were conducted on the tentative high tensile Mn-Si steels using various types of electrode. Comparisons were made among the test plates and electrodes and they were graded in the order of weldability.
Photochemical reactions of arenecarbonitriles with aliphatic amines. 1. Effect of arene structure on aminyl vs. .alpha.-aminoalkyl radical formation (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical reactions of arenecarbonitriles with aliphatic amines. 1. Effect of arene structure on aminyl vs. .alpha.-aminoalkyl radical formationFrederick D. Lewis, Beth E. Zebrowski, and Paul E. CorreaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 1, 187–193Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00313a038https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00313a038research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views410Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Aggregate Size on Gene Expression (2010)

Titanium dioxide (titania) nanoparticle aggregation is an important factor in understanding cytotoxicity. However, the effect of the aggregate size of nanoparticles on cells is unclear. We prepared two sizes of titania aggregate particles and investigated their biological activity by analyzing biomarker expression based on mRNA expression analysis. The aggregate particle sizes of small and large aggregated titania were 166 nm (PDI = 0.291) and 596 nm (PDI = 0.417), respectively. These two size groups were separated by centrifugation from the same initial nanoparticle sample. We analyzed the gene expression of biomarkers focused on stress, inflammation, and cytotoxicity. Large titania aggregates show a larger effect on cell viability and gene expression when compared with the small aggregates. This suggests that particle aggregate size is related to cellular effects.
Mikroverkapselung partikulärer Materialien in einer überkritischen Wirbelschicht (2002)

No translation.
Kidney Allograft Fibrosis After Transplantation From Uncontrolled Circulatory Death Donors. (2014)

Existing data suggest that increased interstitial fibrosis may occur abnormally in renal transplants from donations after uncontrolled circulatory death (uDCD). To evaluate the factors that are associated with the progression of fibrosis and its functional impact on renal grafts, we compared 76 uDCD recipients with 86 recipients of kidney donations after brain death (DBD). Groups were matched for donor age, rank of transplantation, and absence of human leukocyte antigen sensitization. Histology was performed on sequentialbiopsies. Associations between variables were analyzed using linear mixed models and univariate analyses. In the uDCD group increased fibrosis was detected 3 months post-transplantation compared to pre-implantation. After 1 year, interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy score was significantly greater (1.5±0.7 vs. 1.0±0.9; p=0.003) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; 49.5±17.4 vs. 60.6±19.1 mL/min/1.73 m2; p=0.0003) was significantly lower in the uDCD group than in the DBD group. No flow duration and donor age were significantly associated with accelerated fibrosis. Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy score, interstitial inflammation score, and eGFR were significantly worse in uDCD patients with no flow >10 minutes. uDCD grafts show an increased fibrosis post-transplantation. No flow duration is associated with accelerated fibrosis and should be considered during uDCD graft allocation.
Transient atomic behavior and surface kinetics of GaN (2009)

An in-depth model for the transient behavior of metal atoms adsorbed on the surface of GaN is developed. This model is developed by qualitatively analyzing transient reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) signals, which were recorded for a variety of growth conditions of GaN grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) using metal-modulated epitaxy (MME). Details such as the initial desorption of a nitrogen adlayer and the formation of the Ga monolayer, bilayer, and droplets are monitored using RHEED and related to Ga flux and shutter cycles. The suggested model increases the understanding of the surface kinetics of GaN, provides an indirect method of monitoring the kinetic evolution of these surfaces, and introduces a novel method of in situ growth rate determination.
Controlling the Growth of Commercial Broiler Chickens Using Different Target Trajectories (2007)

status: Published
Bridging the quality gap: stroke (2008)

Stroke is a disease that has a marked impact on the length and quality of many people’s lives. In England each year there are more than 110,000 strokes – one quarter of these affect people under the age of 65. About 300,000 people are living in England with moderate to severe stroke disabilities, making stroke the leading cause of severe adult disability. The financial costs of stroke – directly to the healthcare system and indirectly to society as a whole – are significant. Total costs to the National Health Service (NHS) and the economy have been estimated to be £7 billion a year, comprising: • £2.8 billion in direct costs to the NHS • £2.4 billion in informal care costs (for example, the costs of home nursing borne by patients’ families) • £1.8 billion in income lost to productivity and disability (Saka et al, 2005). International comparisons show that quality of stroke care in England could be improved significantly: England lags behind comparator countries for rates of mortality, and there is unevenness in the availability of skilled facilities and in the provision of treatments that have been shown to improve outcomes. This chartbook focuses on quality of stroke care. Quality is broadly defined, encompassing the key domains of effectiveness, access, safety, structural capacity, patient responsiveness and equity. The chartbook comprises three main sections. Section 1 presents epidemiological data and summarises recent policy documents on stroke. The contents of this section may represent familiar territory to many readers, but it is included to provide the context against which quality can be judged. Section 2 presents data on quality of care in stroke and illustrates the gap between actual and achievable performance. It draws on data from disparate sources and highlights deficiencies in stroke services and variation in care across the country. It also provides international benchmarks to help define what level of performance is attainable in stroke services. Section 3 summarises available evidence about how to bridge the quality gap in stroke care. Drawing on systematic reviews of the literature, it illustrates the current state of knowledge about ‘what works’ to improve organisational performance and presents emergent research data on the costs involved in bridging the quality gap.
Detecting motion on center manifolds from a time series-an example (2002)

Recent progress in control from a geometric viewpoint using nonlinear dynamics techniques has focused primarily on linear control. When using embedding methods to locate local properties of controllable states, hyperbolicity is always assumed. However, many problems which contain symmetries also contain nonlinear instabilities. It is the purpose of this paper to give a procedure for detecting these nonlinear directions from time series using embedding methods.
Adaptation to bacterial lipopolysaccharide controls lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor production in rabbit macrophages. (1990)

These experiments provide an explanation for the observation that two intravenous injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) spaced 5 h apart in rabbits cause tumor necrosis factor/cachectin (TNF) levels to rise in the blood only after the first LPS injection. Herein we show that treatment of elicited peritoneal exudate rabbit macrophages (PEM) with two doses of LPS given 9 h apart results in a marked reduction in TNF production by the second LPS exposure. This state of hyporesponsiveness is a result of adaptation to LPS, is induced by LPS concentrations that are 1,000-fold less than required to induce TNF production (picograms vs. nanograms), is characterized by a decrease in LPS-induced TNF mRNA without any change in TNF mRNA half-life, is not changed by including indomethacin in cultures, and is specific for LPS since LPSadapted cells display a TNF response to heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus that is at least as good as that observed in control PEM. (
<title>Analysis of mechanical behavior and in-situ observations of Cu-Al-Be SMA under biaxial compressive tests by using DIC</title> (2002)

A Digital Image Correlation technique is used to develop and validate a new biaxial compression set-up. Some experimental test have been performed under proportional and nonproportional loading conditions with the experimental set-up. During these test, a particular attention is paid to the appearance and the disappearance of martensite plates during the loading path. By using a long distance microscope with a CCD camera, we show the importance of the mechanical loading path shape on the martensite formation.