gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
52.2: Highly Efficient Field Emission from Spin‐Coated Electride Powder (2006)

Abstract A considerably low threshold voltage of the electron emission has been observed on spin‐coated [Ca 24 Al 28 O64] 4+ (4e − ) electride powder. The optimal particle density provided an efficient electron emission at a low applied voltage. Experimental results are compared with the calculated ones as a function of the particle density. Light emission was also demonstrated.
Intelligent interface of an exoskeletal robot for human elbow motion support considering subject's arm posture (2003)

We develop exoskeletal robots for the motion support of physically weak persons. In this study, the human elbow motion is assisted by the exoskeletal robot system, since the elbow motion is one of the simplest and the most important motion of human beings in everyday life activities. The angular position and impedance of the exoskeletal robot system are controlled by multiple fuzzy-neuro controllers. The skin surface electromyogram (EMG) signals and the generated wrist force by the human subject during the elbow motion are used as input information of the controller. Since the activation level of working muscles tends to vary with the human subject's arm posture, an intelligent interface that cancels out the effect of posture changes of the human subject's arm is proposed in this paper. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed intelligent interface.
ChemInform Abstract: Steric Acceleration of Intramolecular Cycloaddition Reactions. (1994)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Isolation of Polysaccharides Modulating Intestinal Immune System and Single Oral Dose Toxicity Test in Astragalus membranaceus Abovegroud Parts (2014)

The six polysaccharide fractions were prepared by chromatographic procedure from the hot water extractsof the aboveground parts of Astragalus membranaceus. These six polysaccharides from aboveground parts of Astragalusmembranaceus Bunge were tested for gut-mucosal immune activity and acute toxicity. In a view of molecular weight, the sixfractions were estimated to be 75000, 88000, 129000 and 345000 Da, respectively. Component sugar analysis indicated thatthese fractions were mainly consisted of galactose (46.3 ~ 11.8%) and arabinose (35.4 ~ 9.9%) in addition to glucose,rhamnose, fucose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucuronic acid and galacturonic acid. Among the six major purifiedpolysaccharides, AMA-1-b-PS2 showed highest bone merrow cell proliferation and lymphocyte of Peyer's patch stimulatingactivity. It may be concluded that intestinal immune system modulating activity of aboveground parts from Astragalusmembranaceus Bunge is caused by polysaccharides having a polygalacturonan moiety with neutral sugars such as arabinoseand galactose. In single oral dose toxicity study, no differences were observed between control and treated groups in clinicalsigns. The results indicated that lethal dose 50 (LD50) of water extracts from Astragalus membranaceus-aboveground partswas found to be higher than 5000 ㎎/㎏/day in this experiment. From the above results, we may suggest that Astragalusmembranaceus-aboveground parts might have useful as a safe material for functional food and pharmaceutics.
Isomeric phenols of benzo[e]pyrene (1981)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTIsomeric phenols of benzo[e]pyreneHongmee Lee, N. Shyamasundar, and Ronald G. HarveyCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1981, 46, 14, 2889–2895Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1981Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1981https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00327a010https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00327a010research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views587Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photochemistry of the phthalimide system. VII. Regioselective remote photocyclization. Examples of a photochemical macrocyclic synthesis with sulfide-containing phthalimides (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of the phthalimide system. VII. Regioselective remote photocyclization. Examples of a photochemical macrocyclic synthesis with sulfide-containing phthalimidesY. Sato, H. Nakai, T. Mizoguchi, Y. Hatanaka, and Y. KanaokaCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 8, 2349–2351Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00424a066https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00424a066research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views163Altmetric-Citations45LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Importance of Context in Protein Folding:  Secondary Structural Propensities versus Tertiary Contact-Assisted Secondary Structure Formation (2006)

Molecular dynamics simulations can be used to reveal the detailed conformational behaviors of peptides and proteins. By comparing fragment and full-length protein simulations, we can investigate the role of each peptide segment in the folding process. Here, we take advantage of information regarding the helix formation process from our previous simulations of barnase and protein A as well as new simulations of four helical fragments from these proteins at three different temperatures, starting with both helical and extended structures. Segments with high helical propensity began the folding process by tethering the chain through side chain interactions involving either polar interactions, such as salt bridges, or hydrophobic staples. These tethers were frequently nonnative (i.e., not i --> i + 4 spacing) and provided a scaffold for other residues, thereby limiting the conformational search. The helical structure then propagated on both sides of the tether. Segments with low stability and propensity formed later in the folding process and utilized contacts with other portions of the protein when folding. These helices formed via a tertiary contact-assisted mechanism, primarily via hydrophobic contacts between residues distant in sequence. Thus, segments with different helical propensities appear to play different roles during protein folding. Furthermore, the active role of nonlocal side chains in helix formation highlights why we must move beyond simple hierarchical models of protein folding.
Cryptomycocolax: A New Mycoparasitic Heterobasidiomycete (1990)

Descriptions are provided of new basidiomycetous taxa, i.e., Cryptomycocolacales, Cryptomycocolacaceae, Cryptomycocolax, and Cryptomycocolax abnorme. The type species is parasitic on an ascomycete and is characterized by scattered, clamped hyphae without basidiocarps. In cell contact zones, the host cell forms globose to botryose outgrowths. These are completely surrounded by a closely attached cell of the parasite. Specialized cell organelles of the parasite, designated here as colacosomes, interact with host cells. Basidia are subulate. After the first meiotic division, an apical, spore-like body develops from the upper part of the basidium. Meiosis II takes place there and in the remaining basal part of the basidium. The latter elongates and produces terminal, sessile basidiospores. The simple septal pores are associated with Woronin bodies. Interphase and prophase spindle pole bodies have large lateral discs that are connected by small middle pieces. Meiosis is described in detail. The heterobasidiomycete Cryptomycocolax abnorme appears to be closely related to the ascomycetes.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Additions to Olefins in the Presence of Iodobenzenediacetate: An Easy Route to Alkyl Dithiocyanates. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hierarchical reconfiguration of dataflow models (2005)

This paper presents a unified approach to analyzing patterns of reconfiguration in dataflow graphs. The approach is based on hierarchical decomposition of the structure and execution of a dataflow model. In general, reconfiguration of any part of the system might occur at any point during the execution of a model. However, arbitrary reconfiguration must often be restricted, given the constraints of particular dataflow models of computation or modeling constructs. For instance, the reconfiguration of parameters that influence dataflow scheduling or soundness of data type checking must be more heavily restricted. The paper first presents an abstract mathematical model that is sufficient to represent the reconfiguration of many types of dataflow graphs. Using this model, a behavioral type theory is developed that bounds the points in the execution of a model when individual parameters can be reconfigured. This theory can be used to efficiently check semantic constraints on reconfiguration, enabling the safe use of parameter reconfiguration at all levels of hierarchy.
Theory of thermal phase noise in Michelson and Sagnac fiber interferometers (1994)

The intrinsic thermal phase noise spectra of the Michelson, Michelson with phase conjugate mirrors, and Sagnac fiber optic interferometers are presented. The thermal phase noise is maximum at dc and zero at the loop frequency for the Michelson with ordinary mirrors. Thermal phase noise eliminates the factor of two transducer phase sensitivity advantage of the Michelson over a comparable length Mach Zehnder. The Michelson with two phase conjugate mirrors exhibits identical noise to a Sagnac interferometer with the same total fiber length. The Sagnac exhibits common mode phase noise rejection at low frequencies and a broad maximum in the phase noise at the loop frequency of ~1 .µrad rms/?Hz for a 1 km fiber ioop at 1319 nm.
Expansion and contraction of the hepatitis B virus transcriptional template in infected chimpanzees (2004)

We have previously shown that hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication is controlled by noncytolytic mechanisms that depend primarily on the effector functions of the CD8(+) T cell response, especially the production of IFN-gamma in the liver. The mechanisms that control the nuclear pool of viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) transcriptional template of HBV, which must be eliminated to eradicate infection, have been difficult to resolve. To examine those mechanisms, we quantitated intrahepatic HBV cccDNA levels in acutely infected chimpanzees whose virological, immunological, and pathological features were previously described. Our results demonstrate that the elimination kinetics of the cccDNA are more rapid than the elimination of HBV antigen-positive hepatocytes during the early phase of viral clearance, and they coincide with the influx of small numbers of IFN-gamma producing CD8(+) T cells into the liver. In contrast, terminal clearance of the cccDNA is associated with the peak of liver disease and hepatocellular turnover and with a surge of IFN-gamma producing CD8(+) T cells in the liver. Collectively, these results suggest that cccDNA clearance is a two-step process mediated by the cellular immune response. The first step reduces the pool of cccDNA molecules noncytolytically, probably by eliminating their relaxed circular DNA precursors and perhaps by destabilizing them. The second step enhances this process by destroying infected hepatocytes and triggering their turnover. Surprisingly, despite this multipronged response, traces of cccDNA persist indefinitely in the liver, likely providing a continuous antigenic stimulus that confers lifelong immunity.
MNGO-15. ANALYSIS OF GROWTH RATE OF MENINGIOMAS SELECTED FOR OBSERVATION WITHOUT TREATMENT (2016)

When meningiomas are asymptomatic, the decision to observe rather than treat requires balancing the growth potential of the lesion, patient age and expected longevity with the potential consequences and side effects of treatment. We set out to characterize the growth patterns of presumed meningiomas in our patient population to better inform this process. Patients with presumed meningiomas were identified from brain tumor related diagnoses between 2005 and 2015. Those without treatment who had been followed for 2 or more years with 3 or more MRI scans were included. Scans were measured with orthogonal diameters, geometric mean diameters (GMDs) and volumes using the ABC/2 method (simplified ellipsoid volume). Two hundred and ten scans for 34 female (85%) and 6 male (15%) patients with a total of 42 tumors were evaluated. Tumor volume ranged from 0.11cc to 14.5cc: the mean and median volumes were 3.18cc and 1.95cc respectively. Follow-up times ranged from 1.7 to 12 years. Regression analysis of the diameters and volumes identified 14 tumors (33%) whose tumor growth rates were significantly different from zero. The growth rates had slopes ranging from 0.11 to 1.95 mm/year for the maximum diameter, 0.09 to 1.78 mm/year for GMD and 0.03 to 2.03 cc/year for volume. A model that allowed for a normally distributed linear model (NNL) had the smallest prediction error for all three parameters (volume, largest diameter and GMD). Analysis of sequential scans for the population of patients undergoing monitoring without treatment demonstrates that approximately two thirds of tumors managed conservatively have zero growth and the remainders have tumor growth that can be approximated with a linear regression model. This allows a quantitative approximation of future tumor growth and size that will facilitate clinical decision-making.
Tributyrate as a substrate for the determination of lipase activity in milk (1975)

A procedure is described for the determination of the lipolytic activity in milk using tributyrate as substrate. The method is based on the titration of liberated butyric acid in a diethyl ether: light petroleum (2-75:1, v/v) extract of the incubation mixture. Some of the fundamental factors involved in the procedure are discussed.
RODS AND TUBES AS ROOF BRACING TENSION MEMBERS (1984)

The behavior of rods and tubes as horizontal tension members is investigated. Pretensioning forces measured in rods are found to be much higher than expected but these do not affect the ultimate tensile capacity. The effect of self weight bending on the ultimate capacity of tubes is only marginal and the influence may be ignored in the design.
The Campylobacter pylori Story (1988)

The Campylobacter pylori story began before the turn of the century, with early works describing 'spirochaetes' in the gastric mucosa of animals. Culture of the organism in 1982 enabled investigators to make sense of the many previous works concerning the microbiology, biochemistry, and histology of the gastric mucosa. Whereas some physicians remain skeptical of C. pylori's pathogenic role, those who have studied the new organism believe it is a major gastrointestinal pathogen and see the possibility of curative therapy for what is now called 'acid peptic disease'.
Hyperpolarizabilities of Organic Molecules: Ab Initio Time-Dependent Coupled Perturbed Hartree-Fock-Roothaan Studies of Basic Heterocyclic Structures (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHyperpolarizabilities of Organic Molecules: Ab Initio Time-Dependent Coupled Perturbed Hartree-Fock-Roothaan Studies of Basic Heterocyclic StructuresVijaya Keshari, Wijekoon M. K. P. Wijekoon, Paras N. Prasad, and Shashi P. KarnaCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 22, 9045–9050Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100022a015https://doi.org/10.1021/j100022a015research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views168Altmetric-Citations37LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Magnetic field topology variations in plasmas generated by radial foils (2012)

Summary form only given. Radial foil implosions on the COrnell Beam Research Accelerator (COBRA) and MAGPIE [1, 2] are used to understand the magneto-hydrodynamics of astrophysical plasma jets. While this configuration shares geometrical similarities with its celestial counterpart, the topology of the magnetic field may exhibit substantial differences. One possible improvement uses external magnetic fields (using permanent magnets or copper coils) to alter the magnetic field generated by the plasma current and recover more realistic dynamics. The other possibility is to change the shape of the pin cathode. The standard setup uses a single straight pin. Since all the discharge current focuses onto that pin, the magnetic field is azimuthally symmetric during the lifetime of the jet, as is the plasma dynamics. However if the pin geometry is changed, the magnetic field becomes fully three-dimensional, as is often the case in astrophysical plasma jets. Using single and multi-pin setups, we will assess how the magnetic field topology can be changed to yield plasma dynamics which matches that of astrophysical jets more closely. In particular, we will look at the impact of three-dimensional magnetic fields on plasma flows and how they influence the actual structure of the jet. Experimental results will be compared to numerical simulations from the 3D PERSEUS extended MHD computer code. The impact of the Hall effect on the plasma dynamics will be highlighted.
GESTÃO DE PESSOAS PARA GERENCIAMENTO DE RISCO NA INDUSTRIA DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL. (2015)

Este trabalho propõe identificar a gestão de pessoas como facilitador de gerenciamento de risco, através de analises de APRs (analise preliminar de risco) e, atividades importantes, considerando os acidentes de trabalho, na construção civil. A importância deste segmento implica na necessidade de criação e desenvolvimento de novas praticas de gestão objetivando minimizar os riscos relacionados a segurança e a saúde do trabalhador. Apresentamos as atividades com maior índice de acidentes, e consolidamos a importância da metodologia utilizada, estimulando as partes interessadas, principalmente a direção e colaboradores, a perceberem e assumirem a responsabilidade frente aos problemas de segurança e saúde ocupacional e conscientizar da necessidade de mudança no estilo da produção. Após a compreensão desses conceitos, apresenta-se caso em 02 atividades da construção civil, que historicamente apresentam o maior numero de acidentes do trabalho, com o objetivo de destacar a importância desta pesquisa.
Detuned-loading effect in fiber Bragg grating semiconductor lasers (2002)

Fiber Bragg grating semiconductor lasers (FGSLs) are interesting laser sources for WDM and many other applications. Dispersive fiber grating together with a laser diode chip form a complex cavity and can lead to many interesting phenomena. We have found that a discrete mode hop associated with an increase of the injection current can lead to a decrease of the relaxation oscillation frequency. The experimental observation and the theoretical explanation are reported in this paper.
Direct detection of oxygen free radicals produced in the viscera of burned rats using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. (2002)

There is a direct evidence of oxygen free radicals (OFRs) injury to viscera of burned rats between 10-15 minutes after burn.
THE THERMAL DEAQUATION OF SOME AQUOPENTAMMINECOBALT(III) COMPLEXES<sup>1</sup> (1961)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE THERMAL DEAQUATION OF SOME AQUOPENTAMMINECOBALT(III) COMPLEXES1Wesley W. Wendlandt and John L. BearCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1961, 65, 9, 1516–1519Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1961Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1961https://doi.org/10.1021/j100905a010RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views72Altmetric-Citations35LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (517 KB) Get e-Alerts