gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein assembly in microsomal triglyceride transfer protein-deficient McA-RH7777 cells (2010)

Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is required for the assembly and secretion of apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins. Previously, we demonstrated that the N-terminal 1,000 residues of apoB (apoB:1000) are necessary for the initiation of apoB-containing lipoprotein assembly in rat hepatoma McA-RH7777 cells and that these particles are phospholipid (PL) rich. To determine if the PL transfer activity of MTP is sufficient for the assembly and secretion of primordial apoB:1000-containing lipoproteins, we employed microRNA-based short hairpin RNAs (miR-shRNAs) to silence Mttp gene expression in parental and apoB:1000-expressing McA-RH7777 cells. This approach led to 98% reduction in MTP protein levels in both cell types. Metabolic labeling studies demonstrated a drastic 90-95% decrease in the secretion of rat endogenous apoB100-containing lipoproteins in MTP-deficient McA-RH7777 cells compared with cells transfected with negative control miR-shRNA. A similar reduction was observed in the secretion of rat endogenous apoB48 under the experimental conditions employed. In contrast, MTP absence had no significant effect on the synthesis, lipidation, and secretion of human apoB:1000-containing particles. These results provide strong evidence in support of the concept that in McA-RH7777 cells, acquisition of PL by apoB:1000 and initiation of apoB-containing lipoprotein assembly, a process distinct from the conventional first-step assembly of HDL-sized apoB-containing particles, do not require MTP. This study indicates that, in hepatocytes, a factor(s) other than MTP mediates the formation of the PL-rich primordial apoB:1000-containing initiation complex.
Phased logic: a design methodology for delay-insensitive, synchronous circuitry (1995)

Phased logic is proposed as a solution to the growing problem of timing complexity in digital design. Sources of this complexity include the increase in wire propagation delays relative to gate delays and the difficulty of high-frequency, low-skew clock distribution. To satisfy timing constraints in the context of these problems, the logic designer must increasingly analyze and modify a circuit's physical implementation. Phased logic is a delay-insensitive design methodology that restores the separation between logical and physical design by reducing timing complexity. No propagation delays must be calculated, and no clock signals are needed. However, unlike asynchronous methodologies that also avoid clocks, phased logic remains synchronous. Instead of requiring the designer to learn a fundamentally new design paradigm, phased logic supports the same cyclic, deterministic behavior associated with clocked systems. This permits the designer to rely on his previous experience and CAD tools to create phased logic systems. Phased logic also has a predictable worst-case performance that makes real-time applications and interfaces to clocked circuitry possible.
To escape the limitations of regular gates in delay-insensitive design, phased logic uses gate primitives that operate directly on LEDR encoded signals. Marked graph theory provides a framework for governing interconnections of these primitives so that large, complex networks of gates behave in an overall delay-insensitive, synchronous fashion. The primitives can be used directly in gate topologies generated by CAD tools for clocked systems, but a small percentage of new signals and gates must be added to guarantee delay-insensitivity. An algorithm is developed for making these additions and is tested on benchmark circuits. To obtain realistic values for speed and area, a CMOS layout is created for a programmable gate similar to those found in FPGAs. The speed of the programmable gate is comparable to clocked gates of similar functionality, but the area is expanded by a factor of four due to the LEDR encoding. Although phased logic requires additional circuitry, it promises to significantly decrease design time because of the reduction of timing complexities.
Association between polymorphisms of <i>DRD2</i> and <i>DRD4</i> and opioid dependence: Evidence from the current studies (2011)

Several studies have assessed the association between genetic polymorphisms of DRD2 and DRD4 genes and opioid dependence risk, while the results were inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis, including 6,846 opioid dependence cases and 4,187 controls from 22 individual studies, to evaluate the roles of four variants (DRD2 -141ins/delC, rs1799732; DRD2 311 Ser > Cys, rs1801028; DRD2-related TaqI A, rs1800497 and DRD4 exon III VNTR) in opioid dependence for the first time. We found that the -141delC polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of opioid dependence (homozygote comparison: odds ratios [OR], 2.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.74-4.22; dominant comparison: OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.09-1.48). Similarly, the TaqI A1 polymorphism was also significantly increased opioid dependence risk (homozygote comparison: OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.25-3.42; dominant comparison: OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08-1.67). Moreover, long allele (≥5-repeat) and 7-repeat allele of DRD4 exon III VNTR were found to be associated with significantly increased opioid dependence risk (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.24-1.80 and OR, 1.57; 95%, 1.18-2.09, respectively). However, no association was detected between the DRD2 311 Ser > Cys polymorphism and opioid dependence. In conclusion, our results suggested that DRD2 -141ins/delC, DRD2-related TaqI A and DRD4 exon III VNTR polymorphisms might play important roles in the development of opioid dependence.
Involvement of medullary A2 noradrenergic neurons in the activation of oxytocin neurons after conditioned fear stimuli (2002)

Fear-related stimuli activate oxytocin neurons in the hypothalamus and facilitate oxytocin release from the pituitary. Oxytocin neurons in the supraoptic nucleus receive direct noradrenergic innervations from the A1 and A2 cell groups in the medulla oblongata. In the present study, we investigated the role of hypothalamic-projecting noradrenergic neurons in controlling oxytocin cell activity following fear-related stimuli in rats. An unconditioned fear stimulus (intermittently applied footshock) or conditioned fear stimulus induced expression of Fos protein, a protein product of an immediate-early gene, in magnocellular oxytocin neurons in the supraoptic or paraventricular nucleus. A neurotoxin, 5-amino-2,4-dihydroxy-alpha-methylphenylethylamine, microinjected into the vicinity of the supraoptic nucleus, selectively depleted the noradrenaline contents of the nucleus and blocked the Fos expression in the supraoptic nucleus after the unconditioned or conditioned fear stimulus. In the medulla oblongata, the unconditioned fear stimulus induced expression of Fos protein in both A2/C2 and A1/C1 catecholaminergic neurons. On the other hand, the conditioned fear stimulus induced expression of Fos protein preferentially in the A2/C2 neurons. Furthermore, the unconditioned fear stimulus induced Fos expression in the A1/C1 and A2/C2 catecholaminergic neurons labelled with retrograde tracers previously injected into the supraoptic nucleus. The conditioned fear stimulus induced Fos expression preferentially in the A2/C2 catecholaminergic neurons labelled with the retrograde tracers. These data suggest that the conditioned fear-induced oxytocin cell activity is mediated by the A2 noradrenergic neurons projecting to oxytocin neurons, while the unconditioned fear response is mediated by both A2 and A1 noradrenergic neurons.
An eyperimental 1Mb cache DRAM with ECC (1989)

In the recent progress of the micro processor unit (MPU), requirements for fast access aped memories have become strong. And a cost-effective cache subsystem is desired for the low-end work station and the personal computer. On the other hand, as for DRAMs, problems of the reliability such as α-particle induced soft errors will be more serious according to the increase of density.
Gate replacement techniques for simultaneous leakage and aging optimization (2009)

As technology scales, the aging effect caused by Negative Bias Temperature Instability (NBTI) has become a major reliability concern for circuit designers. On the other hand, reducing leakage power remains to be one of the design goals. Because both NBTI-induced circuit degradation and standby leakage power have a strong dependency on the input vectors, Input Vector Control (IVC) technique may be adopted to mitigate leakage and NBTI. However, IVC technique is in-effective for larger circuits. Therefore, in this paper, we propose two fast gate replacement algorithms together with optimal input vector selection to simultaneously mitigate leakage power and NBTI induced circuit degradation: Direct Gate Replacement (DGR) algorithm and Divide and Conquer Based Gate Replacement (DCBGR) algorithm. Our experimental results on 20 benchmark circuits at 65nm technology node reveal that: 1) Both DGR and DCBGR algorithms outperform pure IVC about on average 20% for three different object functions: leakage power reduction only, NBTI mitigation only, and leakage/NBTI co-optimization. 2) The DCBGR algorithm leads to better optimization results and save on average 100X runtime compared with the DGR algorithm.
Limiting Byzantine Influence in Multihop Asynchronous Networks (2012)

We consider the problem of reliably broadcasting information in a multi hop asynchronous network that is subject to Byzantine failures. That is, some nodes of the network can exhibit arbitrary (and potentially malicious) behavior. Existing solutions provide deterministic guarantees for broadcasting between all correct nodes, but require that the communication network is highly-connected (typically, 2k+1 connectivity is required, where k is the total number of Byzantine nodes in the network). In this paper, we investigate the possibility of Byzantine tolerant reliable broadcast between most correct nodes in low-connectivity networks (typically, networks with constant connectivity). In more details, we propose a new broadcast protocol that is specifically designed for low-connectivity networks. We provide sufficient conditions for correct nodes using our protocol to reliably communicate despite Byzantine participants. We present experimental results that show that our approach is especially effective in low-connectivity networks when Byzantine nodes are randomly distributed.
Factors affecting the social skills in the curriculum of mentally retarded students from the viewpoints of educational managers in Bushehr Province, Iran (2021)

Background: Due to considerable importance of education among children with intellectual disability, present study aimed at examination of effective factors on social skills curriculum among the students with mental retardation. Materials and methods: The statistical universe included all experts in organization of exceptional students’ education, all curriculum planning specialists in vocational high-school grade and all teachers of high-school mentally retarded students in Busher Province. Using Cochran’s formula, the statistical sample was selected through simple random sampling. A total number of 40 experts of exceptional students’ education, 80 curriculum planners and 93 teachers answered the questionnaire. The researcher-generated questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: The analyses suggest teachers’ belief on less suitability of vocational high-school curricula to social interests of such students, less individual self-sufficiency achievement among graduates and an insignificant role in vocational rehabilitation of mentally retarded students. Conclusion: More efforts should be taken to improve social interests and willingness, self-sufficiency and vocational rehabilitation of intellectual disabled children.
APPRICATION TO A CAR BODY FRAME BASED ON PARAMETER GUIDELINES FOR DERIVING DIVERSE SOLUTIONS USING EMERGENT DESIGN SYSTEM (2011)

In the early design process, diverse design ideas are generated from a global solution search under unclear design conditions. Because it is difficult to apply conventional engineering design in the early design process, the emergent design system capable of generating various three- dimensional forms is proposed. Although this system appropriately set the parameters in every application cases, the system cannot determine whether the values of the obtained parameters are the best because the parameters are selected by trial and error. The research herein extracted the parameters that influence the diversity of form with the goal of devising the emergent design system that uses these extracted parameters to generate forms. Then these guidelines in this emergent design system were applied to a car body frame design. The results demonstrate that diverse solutions satisfying the mechanical properties can be derived, and thus confirm the usefulness of the guidelines.
The quantification of pain: An analysis of words used to describe pain and analgesia in clinical trials (1982)

In this study 116 subjects were asked to quantify the descriptive pain terms commonly used in analgesimetry by using the visual analog scale as a tool. The results showed highly variable responses. Several words that have been assigned the same value on an ordinal scale do not convey the same meanings as on the visual analog scale. The words some and terrible are probably the least useful terms to quantify pain. The word complete for describing pain relief showed the least variation. The data on global ratings varied greatly; 10% of the participants gave the same values to the terms very good and excellent. The unequal differences between descriptive terms that are commonly considered equidistant on an ordinal scale are clearly demonstrated. We propose an approach to quantifying pain that takes into account the interindividual variations in interpretation of descriptive pain terms.
Electrically erasable programmable integrated circuits for replacement of obsolete TTL logic (1991)

Two microcircuits with electrically erasable programmable logic arrays, which use Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) tunneling for both programming and erasing, were designed to demonstrate the use of programmable logic for obsolete TTL logic replacement. Each microcircuit was fabricated in the Orbit 2-micron double-poly low noise analog CMOS process through MOSIS. Software to generate VHDL structural models from a pin list was developed and the logic of both designs was verified by simulation using the Zycad VHDL simulator. The first microcircuit included a simple programmable logic circuit and test cells that allowed measurement of the programming characteristics of the floating gate transistors. Test result on this microcircuit show a wide variance of programmability even between similar transistors on the same die. Some evidence of F-N tunneling from the control gate to the floating gate was also noted. The second microcircuit was designed to emulate the logic of a group of combinational TTL circuits. VHDL simulation was successful for each emulation. Device testing provided limited results due to a design error; however, successful emulation of two sections of a 7400 quad-NAND circuit was achieved. (Author)
New Section brings changes to forex gains and losses : income tax (2014)

Section 24(I)(10) of the Income Tax Act deals with unrealised foreign exchange gains or losses between a South African resident taxpayer and a foreign connected person. For the purposes of Section 24(I)(10), the unrealised foreign exchange gains or losses arising in the course of trade were disregarded for income tax purposes. The foreign gains or losses were only included as part of taxable income upon realisation of the exchange item (for example, repayment of the loan or settlement of a related party creditor).
Strategic Asset Allocation (2002)

Abstract One of the most important decisions many people face is the choice of a portfolio of assets for retirement savings. The leading academic paradigm of portfolio choice, the mean‐variance analysis of Markowitz, does not give adequate guidance for this long‐term investment problem because it assumes that investors care only about the mean and variance of return over a single short period. The book develops an alternative paradigm, the inter‐temporal model of Merton, into an empirically usable framework with the following implications. The safe asset for a long‐term investor is not a Treasury bill, but a long‐term inflation‐indexed bond that provides a stable stream of real income. A nominal bond is a good substitute for an inflation‐indexed bond only if inflation risk is low. There is evidence that stock returns are mean‐reverting, with bull markets tending to follow bear markets and vice versa; this suggests that long‐term investors should increase their average stockholdings but should also vary their stockholdings with the overall level of the stock market. Investors with a stable stream of labour income can afford a greater exposure to stock market risk.
An Enantioselective Synthesis of 1-(a-Hydroxyalkyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines through Optically Active N-Oxaacyliminium Ion Intermediates (1985)

v e synthesis of IS-(1's-hydroxyethy1)-. 1S-( 1 'S-hydroxybenzy1)-and 1R-(1' R-hydroxybenzy1)-l,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinol i n e was achieved by r e d u c t i v e cleavage o f the oxazolidinone r i n g o f the corresponding 1 -s u b s t i t u t e d oxazolo[4,3-a]isoquinolines, prepared by an a p p l i c a t i o n o f N-oxaacyliminium i o n c y c l i z a t i o n w i t h e n a n t i o s e l e c t i v i t y .n -C y c l i z a t i o n o f N-acyliminium ions has been documented as a potent t o o l i n a synthesis o f
The mathematics of ciphers: number theory and RSA cryptography (1999)

This book is an introduction to the algorithmic aspects of number theory and its applications to cryptography, with special emphasis on the RSA cryptosys-tem. It covers many of the familiar topics of elementary number theory, all with an algorithmic twist. The text also includes many interesting historical notes.
A Message of Congratulation on Behalf of the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction (2003)

Editor's Note: On the occasion of the publication of the 100th issue (Vol. 42, Number 2) of the Journal of the Korea Society of Mathematical Education Series A: The Mathematical Education, Professors Hyman Bass (President of the International Commission on Mathematics Instruction) and Bernard R. Hodgson (Secretary-General of ICMI) together send a message of congratulation to the Korea Society of Mathematical Education(KSME).
Association of alpha interferon production with natural killer cell lysis of U937 cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus (1989)

Mononuclear leukocytes from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative and -seropositive homosexual men lysed HIV-infected U937 cells to a significantly greater degree than uninfected U937 cells. Depletion of cell subsets with monoclonal antibodies and complement indicated that the effector cells were primarily of the CD16+ phenotype. Acid-stable alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) production induced by the HIV-infected cells correlated with, although was not an absolute requisite for, preferential lysis of the infected targets. The activity of these CD16+, natural killer (NK) cells decreased in relation to the duration of HIV infection and the presence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Pretreatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-seronegative subjects, but not HIV-seropositive men, with IFN-alpha or recombinant interleukin-2 enhanced lysis of both uninfected and HIV-infected U937 cells. These results suggest that IFN-alpha-associated, NK-like mechanisms are active in the cytotoxic response against HIV-infected cells and that HIV infection results in an early and progressive depression of such responses. Prospective investigations may be useful in determining the role of this NK cell response in the natural history and pathogenesis of HIV infection and the efficacy of therapeutic modalities.
The New St Peter's: Basilica or Temple? (1981)

Journal Article The New St Peter’s: Basilica or Temple? Get access IAN CAMPBELL IAN CAMPBELL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Oxford Art Journal, Volume 4, Issue 1, July 1981, Pages 3–8, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxartj/4.1.3 Published: 01 July 1981
In Support of Supportive Housing (2008)

The key aspects of Supportive Housing as a major form of support for homeless people in Victoria are discussed. The challenge for Victoria is to understand the principles underlying successful models of supportive housing in other parts of the world and adapt them to meet the specific and particular needs of homeless people.
Indicatory Sign Recognition Using A New Morphological Shape Matching Algorithm (1996)

in this paper, a new morphological shape matching algorithm based on binary rank order transform is introduced and its properties are analyzed. And a new scheme of shape recognition using the morphological shape matching algorithm is developed, which is translation and rotation-invariant. As a practical application, 11 indicatory traffic signs on roads are tested to identify themselves by the shape recognition method and then the results show robustness to noise.
DİSİPLİNLERARASI BAĞLAMLARDA ARAŞTIRMA PERFORMANSI SİMÜLASYONLARI: BİR MODEL VE BİR UYGULAMA (2017)

Bu makalenin amaci, capraz etkilesimlerin karakterize ettigi disiplinlerarasi baglamlarda, arz ve talebe dayali bir arastirma performansi modeli kurmak ve performansin seyrini simule etmektir. Makalede, beseri sermaye, arastirma teknolojisi ve disiplinlerarasi etkilesimlerin dikkate alindigi bir model araciligiyla, muhtemel performans yorungeleri incelenmektedir. Beseri sermayenin duzeyi ve teknolojiye bagli olarak farkli yorungelerin mumkun olabilecegi ortaya konulmaktadir. Universite yonetimleri, degisik performans yorungeleri arasinda, hedeflerine uygun secimi, arastirmaya oncelikler dogrultusunda tahsis edilmis kaynaklari kullanarak, yapabilirler.
Testing Media Richness Theory in the New Media: The Effects of Cues, Feedback, and Task Equivocality (1998)

Media richness theory argues that performance improves when team members use “richer” media for equivocal tasks. This experiment studied the effects of media richness on decision making in two-person teams using “new media” (i.e., computer-mediated and video communication). Media richness was varied based on multiplicity of cues and immediacy of feedback. Subjects perceived differences in richness due to both cues and feedback, but matching richness to task equivocality did not improve decision quality, decision time, consensus change, or communication satisfaction. Use of media providing fewer cues (i.e., computer mediated communication) led to slower decisions and more so for the less equivocal task. In short, the results found no support for the central proposition of media richness theory; matching media richness to task equivocality did not improve performance.
Linkage of severity of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis to the rat major histocompatibility locus. (1980)

The incidence of EAE is determined by Ir-EAE, a gene linked to the rat MHC. EAE severity can be assessed by quantitative clinical and pathologic measures. Using these measures, one can say that disease severity in LBNF1 is approximately one-tenth that in Lewis. Analysis of LBNF2, LBC, BNBC, and parental Lewis strain reveals that severity is primarily a function of dose of Lewis MHC alleles. Non-MHC genes have a small but discernable effect.