gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Boundary Conditions for the Numerical Solution of Elliptic Equations in Exterior Regions (1982)

Elliptic equations in exterior regions frequently require a boundary condition at infinity to ensure the well-posedness of the problem. Examples of practical applications include the Helmholtz equation and Laplace’s equation. Computational procedures based on a direct discretization of the elliptic problem require the replacement of the condition at infinity by a boundary condition on a finite artificial surface. Direct imposition of the condition at infinity along the finite boundary results in large errors. A sequence of boundary conditions is developed which provides increasingly accurate approximations to the problem in the infinite domain. Estimates of the error due to the finite boundary are obtained for several cases. Computations are presented which demonstrate the increased accuracy that can be obtained by the use of the higher order boundary conditions. The examples are based on a finite element formulation but finite difference methods can also be used.
BINGO! and DAFFODIL: personalized exploration of digital libraries and web sources (2004)

Daffodil is a digital library system targeted at strategic support of advanced users during the information search process. It provides user-customizable &quot;stratagems&quot; for exploring and managing digital library objects with meta data annotations over a federation of heterogeneous digital libraries. Bingo! is a focused crawler that learns how to gather thematically relevant documents from the Web and Deep-Web sources. This paper presents a coupling architecture for Daffodil and Bingo! that allows advanced users to explore digital libraries and Web sources in a comprehensive and coherent way. Starting from a user&apos;s interest profile in Daffodil, Bingo! is instructed to find thematically similar documents on the Web, leading to high-quality recommendations that reach beyond the information that can be directly found in digital libraries. Our experimental studies demonstrate that this coupling does indeed lead to a powerful tool suite that improves the precision and recall compared to conventional library and Web search mechanisms.
The SA85-1.1 Protein of the<i>Trypanosoma cruzi trans</i>-Sialidase Superfamily Is a Dominant T-Cell Antigen (2000)

Trypanosoma cruzi currently infects 18 million people, and 30% of those infected develop a chronic inflammatory process that causes significant morbidity or mortality. The major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II)-restricted T-cell response is critical to the control of the infection and to the ensuing inflammatory pathology. The specific epitopes or major antigens of this response have not been identified. The parasite simultaneously expresses variant members of the trans-sialidase superfamily. To begin to analyze the MHC-II response to these variant proteins, the response to a single surface protein, SA85-1.1, was initiated. These studies have demonstrated that a biased gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) response to the SA85-1.1 protein develops during T. cruzi infection. In addition, adoptive transfer of a CD4 clone that recognizes an SA85-1.1 epitope, named epitope 1, and immunization with a peptide encoding epitope 1 were protective and suggested that epitope 1 may be immunodominant. In this report IFN-gamma intracellular staining demonstrated that splenocytes from acutely and chronically infected mice, incubated with SA85-1.1 protein or peptides that encode epitope 1, result in IFN-gamma synthesis by 4 to 6% of the splenic CD4 cells. These data indicate that during T. cruzi infection epitope 1 is a major epitope and that 4 to 6% of the CD4 cells are stimulated by a single trans-sialidase superfamily epitope and suggest that a combination of trans-sialidase superfamily proteins combines to stimulate a majority of CD4 cells. These data suggest that during T. cruzi infection the CD4 response to the trans-sialidase superfamily is critical to the protective response and to the ensuing chronic inflammatory pathology.
ChemInform Abstract: Unusual Reactions of Enopyranuronates with Hydroxy Acid Esters under Ferrier Conditions. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nitrite inhibition of denitrification by <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i> (1995)

Using a pure culture of Pseudomonas fluorescens as a model system nitrite inhibition of denitrification was studies. A mineral media with acetate and nitrate as sole electron donor and acceptor, respectively, was used. Results obtained in continuous stirred-tank reactors (CSTR) operated at pH values between 6.6 and 7.8 showed that growth inhibition depended only on the nitrite undissociated fraction concentration (nitrous acid). A mathematical model to describe this dependence is put forward. The maximum nitrous acid concentration compatible with cell growth and denitrification activity was found to be 66 mug N/L. Denitrification activity was partially associated with growth, as described by the Luedeking-Piret equation. However, when the freshly inoculated reactor was operated discontinuosly, nitrite accumulation caused growth uncoupling from denitrification activity. The authors suggest that these results can be interpreted considering that (a) nitrous acid acts as a proton uncoupler; and (b) cultures continuoulsy exposed to nitrous acid prevent the uncoupling effect but not the growth inhibition. Examination of the growth dependence on nitrite concentration at pH 7.0 showed that adapted cultures (grown on CSTR) are less sensitive to nitrous acid inhibition than the ones cultivated in batch. (c) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
One-Dimensional Model for Predicting Side Intrusion Injuries Including Effects of Padding (1991)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A new concept for interior padding for passenger automobiles is introduced. This type of padding is composed of closed cells filled with air, each cell contains an orifice or other type of restrictor which allows the air to escape and provide energy dissipation. The results of this study show that, in side impacts, this type of padding substantially reduces the side impact injury risk measures proposed by the biomechanics community. This padding is inexpensive, light weight and returns to its original shape after minor impacts. According to the results of the present study this padding is approximately twice as effective as other types of paddings studied.</div>
Solvent effects on the stereochemistry of coupling reactions of Grignard reagents with organosilanes (1971)

R. J. P. Corriu, J. P. Masse and G. Royo, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1971, 252 DOI: 10.1039/C29710000252
Optimal sizing of static converters for single phase feeding of three phase induction motor (2012)

The present paper develops a detailed analysis of the three-phase induction motor when connected to a single phase source, many operational considerations are taken into account and both symmetrical component analysis and equivalent circuit are used for the analytical work. The performance of the compensated motor is simulated with Simulink for mechanical loads between 0 PU and 1 PU of the nominal torque in order to test the analytical results. The minimization of sequence unbalance and the verification of phase currents were determined to be the best operational criteria for the motor optimization. This procedure was repeated for several motors with different nameplate power, voltage and equivalent circuit parameters.
Molecular-Genetic Characterization of CMS-S<i>Restorer-of-Fertility</i>Alleles Identified in Mexican Maize and Teosinte (2004)

Restorer-of-fertility (Rf) alleles for S-type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-S) are prevalent in Mexican races of maize and teosinte. Forty-five Rf alleles from 26 races of maize and 6 Rf alleles from different accessions of teosinte were found to be homozygous viable, consistent with the hypothesis that they are naturally occurring Rf alleles. Mapping and allelism studies were performed to assess the number of genes represented by these 51 alleles. Forty-two of the Rf alleles mapped to the long arm of chromosome 2 (2L), and 5 of these were further mapped to the whp1-rf3 region. The Rf3 restoring allele, found in some U.S. maize inbred lines, cosegregates with internal processing of CMS-S mitochondrial transcripts. Three of the 5 mapped Rf alleles were associated with a similar RNA processing event. Allelism or tight linkage was confirmed between Rf3 and 2 teosinte alleles (Rf K-69-6 and Rf 9477) and between Rf3 and the Cónico Norteño allele Rf C-N (GTO 22). The rf3 region of 2L potentially encodes a complex of linked rf genes. The prevalence of restoring alleles in this chromosomal region, among normal-cytoplasm accessions of Mexican maize and teosinte, supports the conclusion that these alleles have functions in normal mitochondrial gene expression that by chance allow them to restore male fertility in S cytoplasm.
Investigation of the applicability and limitations of the ROSA Large-Scale Test Facility for AP600 safety assessment (1992)

A comparison of the thermal hydraulic behavior of the Advanced Passive 600 MW(e) (AP600) and the Rig of Safety Assessment (ROSA) Large-Scale Test Facility (LSTF), under similar initial and boundary conditions, was developed through computer simulations of selected accident scenarios for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The purpose of the comparison was to develop criteria to evaluate the capability of a scaled integral facility to perform an AP600 safety assessment. It was concluded that ROSA LSTF, with a minimum of required modifications, is capable of reproducing most of the phenomena and behavior expected of AP600; distortions become important for slow transients and cases in which the nonsymmetric behavior of AP600 is relevant.
Continuous catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation in supercritical CO2 (2004)

Continuous hydrogenation in supercritical fluids has been shown to be a technically viable alternative to traditional batch-wise methodologies. Clearly, the next stage of development of this technology is the application of immobilised enantioselective catalysis in the preparation of optically active products. Enantioselective hydrogenation has been successfully carried out in supercritical carbon dioxide using batch-type reactors but has yet to be efficiently carried out continuously. Here we examine an established method of catalyst immobilisation and demonstrate its suitability for application in continuous reactors using supercritical carbon dioxide as solvent.
Odour measurement using conducting polymer gas sensors and an artificial neural network decision system (1999)

The conventional way of assessing the magnitude of nuisance odours using an olfactometer and a sensory panel is costly. This paper describes experiments that have been conducted into matching the results from trained sensory panellists to those from a conducting polymer-based electronic nose. By taking the data from the electronic nose and applying them to a trained neural network, it has been shown that the data can be manipulated to give rise to results that are within a few percent of those from the sensory panellists. This is the first time that an electronic nose has been calibrated in terms of odour intensity measurements and it points the way forward to more objective measurements of nuisance odours.
An in-plane switching liquid crystal cell with weakly anchored liquid crystals on the electrode substrate (2017)

We present the “one-side zero-anchoring in-plane switching” (OZ-IPS) mode in liquid crystal displays (LCDs) comprising an electrode substrate onto which poly(hexyl methacrylate) chains are grafted and a counter substrate coated with a rubbed polyimide film.
Control emissions with flare efficiency (1983)

The combustion of gas in flare towers is an efficient and effective way to control hydrocarbon emissions from many hydrocarbon processing plant processes, according to recent studies sponsored by the Chemical Manufacturers Assn. (CMA) and the Environmental Protection Agency. The study tested flares under 34 different operating conditions. Test variables included Btu content of the flare gas, flare gas flow rates, steam flow rates and air flow rates. The study found that when flares were operated under typical industrial operating conditions combustion efficiencies exceeded 98 percent. Excess steam, or flaring high volumes of low heating value gases, may contribute to lower combustion efficiencies. It also showed that smoking flares do not necessarily indicate inefficient hydrocarbon combustion. Samples of air over the flare were taken using a specially constructed 27-foot sample probe suspended over the flare flame. The samples were analyzed to determine the concentrations of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, total hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and oxygen. CMA sponsored the study to learn exactly how effective flares are for pollution control and determine if they can be more widely used as an effective, cost-efficient pollution control alternative. Savings associated with using flares instead of incinerators to control emissions maymore » be $500,000 to $10 million per facility.« less
FORELIMB MALFORMATION IN RATS CAUSED BY CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE (1985)

A single dose of cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg) was administered to female rats on Day 12 of gestation. Fetuses were collected at 24-h intervals from gestation Day 18 to 20. Gross malformations of the forelimb were observed, notably micromelia, oligodactyly, brachydactyly and adactyly. Specimens stained with Alizarin red-s and Alcian blue revealed postaxial skeletal deformities. Chronological histochemical investigations revealed delay in the ossification of the radius and completely unossified ulna; the end results showed the ulna to be more affected than the radius.
Dichlorobis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium (2001)

[1271-19-8] C10H10Cl2Ti (MW 248.98) InChI = 1S/2C5H5.2ClH.Ti/c2*1-2-4-5-3-1;;;/h2*1-5H;2*1H;/q;;;;+2/p-2 InChIKey = XKLWATAZDMHTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-L (used in hydrometalation and reduction; pinacol coupling reagent; carbometalation reagent; deoxygenation reagent; addition to carbonyls; Lewis acid catalyst; alkenation reagent) Alternate Name: titanocene dichloride. Physical Data: mp 289 °C; d 1.600 g cm−3. Solubility: sol toluene, chloroform, alcohol, and other hydroxylic solvents; sparingly sol water, petroleum ether, benzene, ether, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride. Form Supplied in: purple solid; commercially available. Preparative Methods: see Wilkinson and Birmingham2a and Clearfield et al.2b Handling, Storage, and Precautions: moisture sensitive; irritant; combustible.
Soluble Sugar Content in Fruit of Nine Wild and Forty-one Cultivated Strawberries. (1998)

イチゴ果実内の糖含量, 特に糖組成に着目して, 野生種および栽培種の50品種・系統における組成別糖含量を分析・測定し, その結果の主成分分析によって, 品種・系統の特性を調査した.1. 果実内に含まれる糖は主にスクロース, フルクトースおよびグルコースからなり, 全糖含量中に占めるそれら組成糖含量とその割合には, 品種・系統間差異が認められた.これらを主成分分析した結果, 栽培種は'とよのか'などのフルクトース・グルコース蓄積型品種群(グループ1), '幸玉'などのスクロース蓄積型品種群(グループ2), '女峰'などの中間型の品種群(グループ3), '夏芳'のようにフルクトースやグルコースの割合が多くても全糖含量が少ない品種群(グループ4)に類別できることが認められた.なお, 'White'を除くF. vescaとF. chiloensisはスクロース含量がフルクトースやグルコース含量とほぼ同じかやや多かった.F. virginianaは全糖含量が著しく少なく, 全糖含量中に占めるスクロース含量が少なかった.2. 栽培種41品種・系統における草高などの形質と全糖含量中に占める組成別糖含量との関係では, 全糖含量と草高および葉面積との間, 糖度と全糖含量およびスクロース含量との間に有意な正の相関が, また, 成熟日数とフルクトースおよびグルコース含量との間には有意な負の相関が認められた.以上のことから, 品種・系統の糖組成特性を利用して, 高糖含量や糖質の違いによる食味の良い個体を選抜できる可能性があると思われた.
Do Neural Dialog Systems Use the Conversation History Effectively? An Empirical Study (2019)

Neural generative models have been become increasingly popular when building conversational agents. They offer flexibility, can be easily adapted to new domains, and require minimal domain engineering. A common criticism of these systems is that they seldom understand or use the available dialog history effectively. In this paper, we take an empirical approach to understanding how these models use the available dialog history by studying the sensitivity of the models to artificially introduced unnatural changes or perturbations to their context at test time. We experiment with 10 different types of perturbations on 4 multi-turn dialog datasets and find that commonly used neural dialog architectures like recurrent and transformer-based seq2seq models are rarely sensitive to most perturbations such as missing or reordering utterances, shuffling words, etc. Also, by open-sourcing our code, we believe that it will serve as a useful diagnostic tool for evaluating dialog systems in the future 1 .
<title>Utilization Of Spatial Self-Similarity In Medical Image Processing</title> (1987)

Many current medical image processing algorithms utilize Fourier Transform techniques that represent images as sums of translationally invariant complex exponential basis functions. Selective removal or enhancement of these translationally invariant components can be used to effect a number of image processing operations such as edge enhancement or noise attenuation. An important characteristic of many natural phenomena, including the structures of interest in medical imaging is spatial self-similarity. In this work a filtering technique that represents images as sums of scale invariant self-similar basis functions will be presented. The decomposition of a signal or image into scale invariant components can be accomplished using the Mellin Transform, which diagonalizes changes of scale in a manner analogous to the way the Fourier Transform diagonalizes translation.
Prenatal gene therapy for the early treatment of genetic disorders (2008)

Prenatal gene therapy aims to deliver genes to cells and tissues early in prenatal life, allowing the correction of a genetic defect before long-term tissue damage has occurred. In contrast to postnatal gene therapy, prenatal application has a number of advantages, including targeting genes in a large population of dividing stem cells, and the smaller fetal size, which allows a higher vector-to-target cell ratio to be achieved. Early gestational delivery may result in the fetus developing immune tolerance to the transgenic protein, which would allow postnatal repeat of vector administration if needed. Recent advances in vector design and stem cell research have benefited this potential treatment. Although still in the preclinical stage, proof-of-principle studies in animal models of congenital disease, such as the hemophilic mouse, have shown the potential of prenatal gene therapy. Investigators have devised delivery strategies in large animals that could be used clinically to apply gene therapy to a human fetus, and prenatal gene therapy may be available for the treatment of certain life-threatening congenital disorders in the near future. With this treatment, pregnant women and their partners would have a third choice when faced with an affected fetus, where currently the only options are terminating the pregnancy or continuing with an affected fetus with a poor prognosis. A number of problems need to be resolved, including the long-term safety and efficacy of the therapy, the potential for germ-line gene transfer, how best to achieve informed consent for the therapy, as well as regulatory and ethical issues. In this article, we evaluate the current state and future implications of prenatal therapy in severe genetic diseases and outline the factors that will influence its movement into clinical practice.
Non-bias magneto-optical recording (2004)

Without applying an external magnetic field, high-density recording beyond the optical resolution limit was realized with light intensity modulation, using Domain Tail Erasing (DTE) and Domain Wall Displacement Detection (DWDD). In order to obtain a sufficiently strong bias field to perform recording with a bias layer introduced into the DTE medium, the stray field distribution during the recording process was studied by simulation. A stray field most effectively worked on the recording layer when the Curie temperature of the bias layer was designed at a certain level below the recording temperature. Furthermore, by replacing a part of the bias layer with a bias assist layer, which had a higher Curie temperature and lower coercive force, an even stronger stray field was generated. According to the simulation, non-bias DTE medium was designed, and as a result a sufficiently low jitter value and dropout rate were obtained without bias magnets at a bit length of 80 nm and a track pitch of 0.74 μm, using the same optical parameters of a current DVD.
Building accurate workload models using Markovian arrival processes (2011)

No abstract available.
El color oceánico como herramienta para el estudio de fluctuaciones pesqueras: aplicación en el Golfo de Cádiz (2006)

In this work, data collected by several in orbit radiometers have been used to better understand the physical and biological oceanography in the continental shelf of the Gulf of Cadiz. In addition, it is shown that the generated remote sensing information can be applied to analyze the dynamics of fisheries resources that are exploited in the area under approximations that consider the dynamics of the entire ecosystem.
To the Rescue of Art: Twenty-Six Essays (1993)

Never before published essays by the widely admired psychologist of art. Arnheim spiritedly asserts art's fundamental achievements. Rudolf Arnheim has spent a lifetime analyzing the basic psychological principles that make works of visual art meaningful, stirring, indispensable, and lasting. But recent fashionable attitudes and theories about art, he argues, are undermining the foundation of artistic achievement itself. The essays collected in this volume are written in his familiar, careful, and solidly supported manner, but under present circumstances they amount to a call to arms. Included is a series of miniature monographs on a variety of great works of art. In other essays, Arnheim uncovers enlightening perspectives in the art of the blind, in architectural space, in caricature, and in the work of psychotics and autistic children. He also presents new scientific aspects on the psychology of art and widens our range of vision by connecting art with language, literature, and religion.
Penicillin amidase production by bacillus megaterium (1973)

Abstract Penicillin amidase, an enzyme which hydrolyzes benzylpenicillin to 6‐aminopenicillanic acid and phenylacetic acid, is produced by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14945 as an extracellular enzyme. We used this system as a model to examine the effects of nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorous limitation on enzyme production in continuous culture. For these studies, we developed a minimal medium for B. megaterium which contained histidine as the sole nitrogen source. Batch experiments showed that this enzyme is produced as a growth‐associated metabolite. Enzyme production was shown to be a function of the growth‐limiting conditions and the concentration of the inducer, phenylacetic acid. Sulfur limitation in continuous culture yielded enzyme activities approximately three to five times those observed in nitrogen‐ and phosphorous‐limited chemostats. These results are discussed in terms of the environment's influence on enzyme production in continuous culture.
PUPIL SIZE ESTIMATION USING DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY. (2002)

Saturday, December 14, 2002: San Diego Convention Center: Room 11A: Vision Science Lectures: PDF Only