gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bringing proteomics into the lab: Proteomics lab 101 (2003)

Abstract With the increasing importance and visibility of proteomics there is a notable lack of teaching tools that can be used for “hands on” proteomic experience. Here we describe a simple lab for teaching proteomics that is based on the two‐hybrid system. Using only simple modifications of a commercial system, an experiment set is described that takes the student from the identification of potential protein:protein interactors from a large set of proteins through the classification of the disruption of these interactions in response to the presence of a neurotoxin, in this case lead. The lab uses a prokaryotic two‐hybrid system and two human neuronal cDNA libraries as the pool from which the initial interactors are drawn. The prokaryotic system provides increased transformation efficiencies, which translate into better cDNA library representation. The lab concludes with the identification of protein:protein interactions that are affected by increasing amounts of neurotoxin and the sequencing of the cDNA‐encoded genes. Students not only gain hands on proteomic experience but also then relate their sequence to an entry in one of the burgeoning sequence databases to glean information about the identified molecular target. The experiment set is flexible and could be adapted for use with any compound that affects protein complex formation.
Exploring Non‐Linear Relationship of Blendshape Facial Animation (2011)

Abstract Human face is a complex biomechanical system and non‐linearity is a remarkable feature of facial expressions. However, in blendshape animation, facial expression space is linearized by regarding linear relationship between blending weights and deformed face geometry. This results in the loss of reality in facial animation. To synthesize more realistic facial animation, aforementioned relationship should be non‐linear to allow the greatest generality and fidelity of facial expressions. Unfortunately, few existing works pay attention to the topic about how to measure the non‐linear relationship. In this paper, we propose an optimization scheme that automatically explores the non‐linear relationship of blendshape facial animation from captured facial expressions. Experiments show that the explored non‐linear relationship is consistent with the non‐linearity of facial expressions soundly and is able to synthesize more realistic facial animation than the linear one.
Ideokratie oder die Geburt der Gewalt aus enttrivialisierter Moral (2012)

Based on Immanuel Kant's dictum by which he states that only goodwill can be considered unconditionally good, both within and without this world, this article seeks to explain how violence can evolve from goodwill. The world - enhancing potential, which is inherent to goodwill and - in an abstract sense - to ideocracy, too, can be further increased by enlightenment. Therefore, one is to create the educational preconditions for improving the world by one's own means. This approach is followed by technocratic ideocracies. Furthermore, totalitarian ideocracies possess "higher moralism", which calls for the unity of theory and practice.
Principled Option Learning in Markov Decision Processes (2016)

It is well known that options can make planning more efficient, among their many benefits. Thus far, algorithms for autonomously discovering a set of useful options were heuristic. Naturally, a principled way of finding a set of useful options may be more promising and insightful. In this paper we suggest a mathematical characterization of good sets of options using tools from information theory. This characterization enables us to find conditions for a set of options to be optimal and an algorithm that outputs a useful set of options and illustrate the proposed algorithm in simulation.
Interspecies comparison of in vitro plasma degradation of dynorphin A 1-13. (1996)

Enzymatic cleavage of peptides might release metabolites with distinct pharmacological profile. Interspecies differences in the metabolism of peptides might represent a potential source of error when animal data are intended to predict the human situation. Therefore, the metabolism of dynorphin (Dyn) A1-13 was investigated in the plasma of various species used in experimental practice (monkey, rabbit, rat, guinea pig) and compared to previously reported human data. The metabolic pathways were evaluated by enzyme inhibition and kinetic analysis, both yielding almost identical results. Rapid metabolism was observed with all dynorphin fragments across all species (half-lives from 0.3 min for Dyn A1-12 in guinea pig plasma to 2.6 min for Dyn A2-12 in monkey plasma). The metabolism of Dyn A1-13 differed mainly with respect to the half-life (from 0.5 min in guinea pig plasma) to 1.1 min in monkey plasma), while the metabolic routes were similar across the species (Dyn A1-12 major metabolite of Dyn A1-13: from 88% in guinea pig plasma to 71% in rabbit plasma). The metabolic fate of Dyn A1-12, the most important metabolite of Dyn A1-13 is much more heterogeneous across the species then the one observed for Dyn A1-13. For a first assessment, the metabolic routes and rates of Dyn A1-13 in plasma of all investigated species, except from guinea pigs, resemble those in human plasma sufficiently.
The families of angiosperms: Automated descriptions, with interactive identification and information retrieval (1991)

A database containing automated descriptions of the angiosperm families, organised under the DELTA system, is described and illustrated with reference to its present capabilities and its potential. All 558 families are described in terms of certain basic information, including synonyms, geographical distributions, numbers of species and genera and classification according to four recent, influential classifications. Data on certain features have been widely or extensively incorporated (for example, with comprehensive coverage of variation in photosynthetic pathways, including source references); and 320 families (including all those represented in Australia) are described in sufficient morphological detail for multiple-entry, interactive identification. The interactive identification/information retrieval package is available in a form suitable for MS-DOS microcomputers.
Design, synthesis and properties of several heterocyclic dopaminergic ligands. (1994)

Two series of non-catechol dopamine (DA) bioisosteres with the hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring replaced by N-H groups were synthesized using phenethylamine as a parent molecule. Compounds from the first series (1-9) contained a primary amine group, while those from the second one (10-19) had a N,N-di-propylamino group introduced into the side chain of the phenethylamine. The affinity and selectivity of these compounds for the D-1 and D-2 subtypes of the DA receptor were determined in competition binding assays using synaptosomal membranes from bovine caudate nuclei and [3H]SCH 23390 (D-1 selective) and [3H]spiperone (D-2 selective) as radioligands. None of the 19 compounds examined expressed significant affinity for D-1 receptors, while compounds 15, 17 and 19, in this order of potency, strongly competed with [3H]spiperone binding to D-2 receptors under conditions that prevented radioligand binding to serotonin 5HT2 receptors. Varying affinities of the compounds examined for the DA receptors can be ascribed to different acidity of the N-H groups introduced at meta- and para-positions of the phenethylamine molecule.
Increased apoptosis in aplastic anemia bone marrow progenitor cells: possible pathophysiologic significance. (1995)

We have quantitated apoptotic cells by flow cytometry in human bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) from normal donors and aplastic anemia (AA) patients, using the fluorescent DNA-binding dye 7-amino actinomycin D (7AAD). No significant difference was found in baseline percent apoptosis between normal and AA samples. Serum deprivation induced cell death to a greater degree in AA samples than in normal samples, but this was not significant. Using dual staining with anti CD34 antibody and 7AAD, we have shown that CD34+ progenitors in normal PB are significantly more apoptotic than those in normal BM. AA BM CD34+ cells contain a significantly greater proportion of apoptotic cells than normal BM CD34+ cells. Those AA patients with the lowest absolute number of CD34+ cells showed the highest proportion of apoptotic CD34+ cells. This appears to be related to clinical severity (transfusion dependence) at the time of study. We conclude that apoptosis is accelerated in AA BM progenitors and that this may contribute to the stem cell deficiency characteristic of this disorder.
Radical Cyclopolymerization of Divinyl Ether. The Microstructure of the Polymer and the Cyclopolymerization Mechanism (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadical Cyclopolymerization of Divinyl Ether. The Microstructure of the Polymer and the Cyclopolymerization MechanismMitsuo Tsukino and Toyoki KinitakeCite this: Macromolecules 1979, 12, 3, 387–391Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60069a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60069a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views213Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Diabetes is associated with a high incidence of endothelial-binding antibodies which do not correlate with retinopathy, von Willebrand factor, angiotensin-converting enzyme or C-reactive protein. (1991)

Increasing evidence implicates endothelial cell dysfunction in the development of diabetic microvascular disease, but its precise nature is elusive. This study sought to extend previous observations on the association between diabetes and the endothelial cell-derived glycoprotein von Willebrand factor (vWF), in a study of 777 diabetic patients. Compared with a mean of 1.07 +/- 0.18 iu/ml in a non-diabetic population, vWF was found to be elevated to 1.59 +/- 0.14 iu/ml in the whole sample, but particularly in those with retinopathy or microalbuminuria. It was studied whether such an elevation is part of an acute phase response, or is accompanied by other indicators of endothelial cell dysfunction. Plasma samples were examined for vWF, and serum for angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), C-Reactive protein (CRP), IgG and IgM endothelial cell-binding antibodies (anti-EC Ig). A strong positive association was found (p less than 0.005) between the extent of elevation of vWF and the presence of diabetic retinopathy. ACE and CRP were rarely raised, and their levels did not correlate with either diabetic retinopathy or vWF levels. However, 52% of the patients had circulating anti-EC IgG or IgM, although their presence did not correlate with retinopathy, or with vWF, ACE or CRP. Thus diabetic retinopathy and probably nephropathy is associated with a specific but generalised disturbance of vascular endothelial cell function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Biological characterization of multidrug-resistant human colon carcinoma sublines induced/selected by two methods. (1990)

Two independent multidrug-resistant (MDR) sublines, AdR1.2 and SRA1.2, were developed from the established human colon carcinoma cell line LoVo. AdR1.2 was developed by a long-term continuous exposure of LoVo cells to Adriamycin in stepwise increments of concentration; SRA1.2 was selected/induced by pulse treatments by using a single concentration of Adriamycin. The two resistant sublines were cross-resistant and cross-sensitive to a similar spectrum of cytotoxic agents. However, AdR1.2 was most resistant to Adriamycin among the nine agents tested, and SRA1.2 was most resistant to Vinca alkaloids. Although SRA1.2 had biological characteristics similar to those of LoVo, AdR1.2 had remarkably altered biological properties, including no detectable carcinoembryonic antigen secretion, a smaller proportion of proliferating cells and a lower growth rate, lower fraction of cells in S phase, a lower colony-forming ability, and smaller colonies. In addition, the resistant phenotype of AdR1.2 was reversed when the cells were grown in a drug-free medium, whereas SRA1.2 maintained its resistance for at least 10 months under similar conditions. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the plasma membrane proteins demonstrated overproduction of an Mr 130,000 protein in both the resistant sublines. The Mr 130,000 protein was not immunoreactive with C219 monoclonal antibody against p170, but the absence of Mr 130,000 protein in an AdR1.2 revertant and the parental LoVo suggests that it is an MDR-related plasma membrane protein. The absence of a 46-kDa cytosolic protein and the presence of a Mr 150,000 plasma membrane protein were found in AdR1.2 but not in SRA1.2. This Mr 150,000 protein immunoreacted with C219. This protein was also present, although in a reduced amount, in an AdR1.2 revertant that retained three times the MDR of LoVo cells and was thus comparable to SRA1.2. The two MDR sublines thus may represent two independent subclones which may serve as two different models for the study of multidrug resistance in human colon cancer.
A customized LPM risk measure for portfolio analysis (1989)

(1989). A customized LPM risk measure for portfolio analysis. Applied Economics: Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 205-218.
1 T-odd fragmentation functions (2001)

We discuss the properties of fragmentation functions arising from the interference of two leading hadrons produced inside the same jet in the current fragmentation region of a hard process. For the case of semi-inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS), a proper folding of the cross section, integrated over the azimuthal position of the detected hadrons, produces a factorized form that allows for the extraction of the quark transversity distribution at leading twist. Using an extended spectator model, explicit calculations are shown for the hadron pair being two pions with invariant mass inside the ρ resonance width. Fragmentation functions (FF), like distribution functions (DF), describe the nonperturbative properties of partons when confined inside hadronic bound states at a low scale. Factorization theorems for hard processes, whenever available, ensure their univsersality. Several DF have been experimentally extracted and are parametrized with high accuracy. However, one of them, the quark transversity h1, is still unknown because it is connected to soft processes that flip chirality; as such, it is, e.g., unaccessible in inclusive DIS. Among alternative measurements, the single spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive DIS seem more favourable. In fact, a new generation of machines (HERMES, COMPASS, eRHIC)
Muscarinic receptor subtypes in airways. (1993)

Muscarinic receptor subtypes in the airways appear to subserve different physiological functions. M1-receptors facilitate neurotransmission through parasympathetic ganglia and enhance cholinergic reflexes, but are also localized to alveolar walls. M2-receptors act as autoreceptors on post-ganglionic cholinergic nerves and inhibit acetylcholine release. There is some evidence that they may be defective in asthma (as a consequence of airway inflammation?) and this may enhance cholinergic reflexes and account for beta-blocker-induced asthma. M2-receptors in airway smooth muscle may also counteract the bronchodilator action of beta-agonists. M3-receptors mediate contractile responses in airway smooth muscle via phosphoinositide hydrolysis, and are the predominant receptors on submucosal glands and airway vascular endothelium. M4- and M5-receptors have not been identified in human airways, but in rabbit lung M4-receptors are expressed on alveolar walls and smooth muscle. Anticholinergic drugs which selectively block M3 and M1-receptors may have an advantage over currently used non-selective antagonists in the treatment of airway obstruction.
Specificity of Lymphocyte-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Patients with Primary Intracranial Tumors (1978)

Abstract The specificity of a lymphocyte-mediated in vitro cytotoxic reaction was examined in a series of patients with primary intracranial tumors. Specific tumor-directed LMC was observed in 85% (35/41) of patients with gliomas and in 96% (24/25) of patients with nonglial tumors (meningiomas and acoustic neurilomas). The tumor specificity of these reactions was affirmed by testing the lymphocytes of each patient and the controls against nine to 12 different target cells. These target cells, each from an early passage culture, included both neoplastic and normal cells from the patient himself, as well as allogeneic tumor cells of types both related and unrelated to the patient's tumor. The specificity was further affirmed by showing that the LMC could be abolished by prior absorption of the lymphocytes on appropriate cell monolayers. The direct assays, in concert with the absorption studies, showed that, in glioma patients, the LMC was directed against two different determinants. One was found on cells from all glial tumors, regardless of their degree of anaplasia, and was called the common glioma antigen (CGA). The other was expressed on anaplastic gliomas, melanomas, and fetal glial cells, but not on well-differentiated gliomas, normal adult glial cells, fetal fibroblasts, or other tumors. This distribution of the second antigen was believed due to the common origin of melanocytes and glial cells from the ectodermal cells of the embryonic neural tube, and it was thus called the glioembryonic antigen (GEA).
Forecasting Output with the Composite Leading Index: A Real-Time Analysis (1991)

Abstract We examine the ability of the composite index of leading economic indicators to predict future movements in aggregate economic activity. Previous examinations of predictive performance have evaluated either the in-sample residual errors from a forecasting equation fitted to the entire sample of data or the out-of-sample forecast errors from an equation fitted to a subsample of the data. Unlike previous evaluations, we perform a real-time analysis, which uses the provisional and partially revised data for the leading index that were actually available historically, along with recursive out-of-sample forecasts. We find a substantial deterioration of forecasting performance in the real-time framework. Key Words: CausalityEvaluationPrediction
The problem of cultivation of Mycobacterium leprae: a review with criteria for evaluating recent experimental work. (1977)

Some criteria are presented to help evaluate papers appearing in the literature claiming successful cultivation of M. leprae either in the absence or in the presence of tissue-cultured cells. Recently, electrom microscopic studies have definitely shown M. leprae to belong to the genus Mycobacterium and its division to occur through transverse section. A survey is given of the mycobacterial strains isolated in the last 10 years from leprosy lesions. These strains belong to taxonomically different species and cannot be considered to be M. leprae. No substantial claim was made concerning the in vitro growth of M. leprae and the application of the tissue culture technique has been equally disappointing. The view is expressed that progress towards the in vitro cultivation of M. leprae can be made only as a result of increased knowledge about the intracellular environment and the metabolic activities of this organism, to be obtained by the application of modern biochemical and histochemical techniques.
The Miller team legacy—role models for cosmopolitan scholars and innovative futurists (2006)

Abstract There are those who join our earthly pilgrimage. James Grier Miller and Jessie Louise Miller were such people. As a close colleague and friend during their last 20 years, I focus here on just two aspects of their gifts to us—namely, as role models and innovators. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Algorithms for Least-Squares Linear Prediction and Maximum Entropy Spectral Analysis, (1978)

Experience with the maximum entropy method of spectral analysis suggests that it can produce inaccurate frequency estimates of short sample sinusoidal data, and it sometimes produces calculated values for the filter coefficients that are unduly contaminated by rounding errors. Consequently, this report develops an algorithm for solving the underlying least-squares problem directly, without forcing a Toeplitz structure on the model. This approach leads to more accurate frequency determination for short sample harmonic processes, and our algorithm is computationally efficient and numerically stable. The algorithm can also be applied to two other versions of the linear prediction problem. A FORTRAN program is supplied.
A centroid-based PWM switching technique for full-bridge inverter applications (1998)

A novel centroid-based pulse-width-modulation (PWM) switching strategy is proposed which is suitable for full-bridge inverter applications. This method is evaluated, and its performance is compared with existing PWM switching strategies. The performance evaluation and comparison are based on the total harmonic distortion (THD) and number of pulses per cycle of the inverter output waveform. The objective of the new switching strategy is to minimize both the THD and low-order harmonics. Simulation results show that this technique yields a significant improvement in performance. In addition, a hybrid switching sequence is developed for the proposed scheme, which can lead to further reduction in switching losses.
SEARCHY: An Agent to Personalize Search Results (2008)

User's behaviour in browsing sessions is a valuable source of information useful to analyze user interests and personalize the human-computer interaction during information seeking tasks. In this paper we present a simple way to machine-learn user profile and employ it to improve Web searches. Searchy is a personal agent, embedded in the Web browser, able to sense user's tastes, to assist her/him during query formulation phase and, finally, to filter and sort the results according to the user's needs. Searchy uses the DART P2P network to store user's profiles in order to enable collaborative recommendations.
Large-area helicon plasma source with permanent magnets (2007)

A helicon plasma source has been designed using annular permanent magnets to produce the required DC magnetic field (B-field). With the discharge tube located in the remote field, rather than the internal field of the magnet rings, the plasma can be injected into a processing chamber containing the substrate to be treated. The discharge tube, radiofrequency (RF) antenna and magnet size were optimized by computation and tested by experiment. A distributed source comprising eight individual discharges was constructed and tested. Such sources are capable of producing downstream densities >1012 cm−3 (in argon) over an arbitrarily large area for high-flux applications.