gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Gerodermia Osteodysplastica/Wrinkly Skin Syndrome: Report of Three Patients and Brief Review of the Literature (2008)

Gerodermia osteodysplastica and wrinkly skin syndrome are rare autosomal recessive disorders. Due to the many phenotypic similarities in these two conditions, it has been proposed that they represent the same disorder. Both conditions are well delineated in the genetic literature, but despite skin involvement being a striking feature, they are rarely reported in dermatology journals. In this report, we describe three Arab children from two consanguineous families who exhibit overlapping features of gerodermia osteodysplastica and wrinkly skin syndrome. All the patients had dysmorphic facial features, wrinkled skin more marked on the hands and feet, hyperextensible joints, intrauterine growth retardation, developmental delay, congenital dislocation of hips, and osteoporosis. Our observations also support the contention that gerodermia osteodysplastica and wrinkly skin syndrome have the same clinical spectrum; however, this needs to be confirmed at the molecular level.
矿石品位和解离粒度对煤—油—金团聚浮选金回收率的影响 (2001)

当前,为了提高金的回收率和降低选矿对环境和人类健康的有害影响,人们对重选、浮选、混汞和浸出法等传统的提金方法仍在仔细研究,同时,人们也正在研究比传统提金方法回收率高,而对环境无污染的新提金方法.本文通过试验,研究了原矿金品位和金粒度对煤-油-金团聚法分选效率的影响,这些参数对确定不同类型矿石的分选效率是至关重要的.为此,在本试验中采用具有不同品位和粒度的人工配制矿石作为试样.近十年来,许多研究者优化了煤-油-金团聚法中油和煤的种类及其用量.添加高用量的油和煤获得了回收率大于90%的令人兴奋的结果.为了提供经济实用的方法,在本研究中,选用最小煤和油用量进行试验,研究结果表明,从团聚剂和物料消耗的角度来看,应用煤-油-金团聚方法来强化金矿浮选可得到更令人满意的结果.
Diagnosis of cirrhosis by transient elastography (FibroScan): a prospective study (2005)

Transient elastography is a promising non-invasive method for detection of cirrhosis in patients with chronic liver disease. Its use for the follow up and management of these patients could be of great interest and should be evaluated further.
Time and time again: The many ways to represent time (1991)

One of the most crucial problems in any computer system that involves representing the world is the representation of time. This includes applications such as databases, simulation, expert systems, and applications of Artificial Intelligence in general. In this brief article, I will give a survey of the basic techniques available for representing time, and then talk about temporal reasoning in a general setting as needed in AI applications. Quite different representations of time are usable depending on the assumptions that can be made about the temporal information to be represented. the most crucial issue is the degree of certainty one can assume. Can one assume that a timestamp can be assigned to each event, or barring that, that the events are fully ordered? Or can we only assume that a partial ordering of events is known? Can events be simultaneous? Can they overlap in time and yet not be simultaneous? If they are not instaneous, do we know the durations of events? Different answers to each of these questions allow very different representations of time.
Protecting mobile code in the wild (2003)

Proposed applications for mobile code systems include autonomous shopping agents, autonomic systems, distributed sensor network applications, and interstellar space networks. I argue the case for mobile code systems as the next-generation distributed programming paradigm and discuss the security problems that must be addressed before this vision is practically realizable. The security discussion will focus on protecting mobile code programs that execute in the wild from malicious actions by remote hosts.
A three-dimensional surface profile measuring system with a specimen-levelling device (1991)

In the measurement of a surface profile by means of a two-dimensional machine, tilting between the specimen surface and the measuring reference plane makes the reduction of both longitudinal and lateral measuring range unavoidable. This problem remains even in three-dimensional measurement. The authors describe an improvement of the conventional two-dimensional surface profile measuring machine. A system controlled by a personal computer in order to correct the three-dimensional tilting is presented. The system enables one to obtain high-resolution data over a longer measuring range.
Preparing two-dimensional microporous carbon from Pistachio nutshell with high areal capacitance as supercapacitor materials (2014)

Two-dimensional (2D) porous carbon AC-SPN-3 possessing of amazing high micropore volume ratio of 83% and large surface area of about 1069 m(2) g(-1) is high-yield obtained by pyrolysis of natural waste Pistachio nutshells with KOH activation. The AC-SPN-3 has a curved 2D lamellar morphology with the thickness of each slice about 200 nm. The porous carbon is consists of highly interconnected uniform pores with the median pore diameter of about 0.76 nm, which could potentially improve the performance by maximizing the electrode surface area accessible to the typical electrolyte ions (such as TEA(+), diameter = ~0.68 nm). Electrochemical analyses show that AC-SPN-3 has significantly large areal capacitance of 29.3/20.1 μF cm(-2) and high energy density of 10/39 Wh kg(-1) at power of 52/286 kW kg(-1) in 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte and 1 M TEABF4 in EC-DEC (1:1) organic electrolyte system, respectively.
Bicuculline and spinal inhibition produced by dorsal column stimulation in the cat (1985)

In barbiturate anaesthetized cats, dorsal column stimulation inhibited ascending volleys recorded in the antero-lateral spinal fasciculus from electrical stimulation of the contralateral tibial nerve and the excitation of neurones of the dorsal horn by noxious heating of the skin. The inhibition was non-selective. Intravenous bicuculline (0.2-0.6 mg/kg) reduced dorsal column induced inhibition of ascending volleys. Bicuculline but not strychnine, administered electrophoretically from micropipettes, reduced dorsal column induced inhibition of the excitation of dorsal horn neurones by noxious heat. These findings suggest that the inhibition studied was produced by release of gamma-aminobutyric acid. This amino acid may play a role in the clinical suppression of pain produced by dorsal column stimulation.
Cause‐related marketing, philanthropy, and the arts (1995)

Abstract Joint fundraising and promotional programs between businesses and nonprofits, often referred to as cause‐related marketing, have been on the rise. During the 1980s, many large corporations initiated cause‐related marketing programs. Less is known, however, about how widespread cause‐related marketing has become among medium‐size companies. In the study of 478 medium‐size businesses reported here, one‐fifth made contributions to nonprofits as part of cause‐related marketing programs, and more were becoming interested, but many of the businesses were dissatisfied with the effect of their contributions to nonprofits. Satisfied business participants actively recommended nonprofits to other business owners and intended to increase their own contributions. The authors provide additional insights on business donor motivation through their application of the Seven Faces framework.
The influence of orthodontic treatment on esthetic perception of smiling face: an functional MRI study (2015)

Objective
To explore the brain activation pattern when individuals judged attractiveness of faces before and after orthodontic treatment by using functional MRI (fMRI) .


Methods
Ninety-six beautiful/ugly faces before and after orthodontic treatment were used as stimuli. fMRI scans were acquired while 20 healthy subjects performed the facial attractiveness judgment. fMRI data was processed by SPM8 software.


Results
Facial attractiveness judgment was associated with greater activation in occipital lobe, temporal lobe and fusiform gyrus. For attractive people, the faces before orthodontic treatment compared to those after orthodontic treatment elicited significant difference in right mediate frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus and right precentral gyrus. For unattractive people, the faces before orthodontic treatment compared to those after orthodontic treatment elicited significant difference in right paracentral lobule, right inferior parietal lobule, left middle temporal gyrus, bilateral cingulate gyrus and left precuneate gyrus.


Conclusion
Facial attractiveness judgment was associated with multiple brain regions. The faces before orthodontic treatment compared to those after orthodontic treatment elicited significant difference in the regions responsible for cognition, attention and emotion.


Key words: 
Orthodontic treatment; Facial attractiveness judgment; Functional MRI
Selective Convolutional Descriptor Aggregation for Fine-Grained Image Retrieval (2017)

Deep convolutional neural network models pre-trained for the ImageNet classification task have been successfully adopted to tasks in other domains, such as texture description and object proposal generation, but these tasks require annotations for images in the new domain. In this paper, we focus on a novel and challenging task in the pure unsupervised setting: fine-grained image retrieval. Even with image labels, fine-grained images are difficult to classify, letting alone the unsupervised retrieval task. We propose the selective convolutional descriptor aggregation (SCDA) method. The SCDA first localizes the main object in fine-grained images, a step that discards the noisy background and keeps useful deep descriptors. The selected descriptors are then aggregated and the dimensionality is reduced into a short feature vector using the best practices we found. The SCDA is unsupervised, using no image label or bounding box annotation. Experiments on six fine-grained data sets confirm the effectiveness of the SCDA for fine-grained image retrieval. Besides, visualization of the SCDA features shows that they correspond to visual attributes (even subtle ones), which might explain SCDA's high-mean average precision in fine-grained retrieval. Moreover, on general image retrieval data sets, the SCDA achieves comparable retrieval results with the state-of-the-art general image retrieval approaches.
Odor‐Taste Mixtures (1987)

A solution with both an odor and a taste may be considered to be a mixture that involves two sensory modalities. Estimates of the intensity of such mixtures appear to be additive. If the overall intensity of each of the unmixed components is compared with the overall intensity of the mixture, the additivity approaches 100%. If the intensities of the smell and taste of the unmixed components are compared with the overall intensity of the mixture, the additivity is less than 100%. Thus, the specific question that is given to the subjects influences the magnitude of the estimations. This suggests that the additive process involves a central (cognitive) mechanism. Considering that the perception of complex flavors also involves sensory information of touch, temperature, and possibly vision and hearing, a central interpretation seems appropriate. The influences of smell on the perception of taste also appear to involve a cognitive mechanism. These smell-taste confusions appear to be stimulus specific and are usually resolved in favor of taste. This may be true because the sensations of pressure, movement, and resistance are usually localized in the mouth. These accompanying sensations then suggest that the taste organs are active in determining the result even when no true taste is present. The influences of taste on the perception of smell are most pronounced when the tastant contains an odor. This suggests that the effect may be peripheral. That is, odorant molecules may be moving from the pharynx, through the posterior nares, to the olfactory receptors. If this interpretation is correct, the influences of taste on smell may be an odor-odor mixture involving "retronasal" and "nasal" olfaction.
Prostaglandin H synthase-dependent mutagenic activation of heterocyclic aromatic amines of the IQ-type (1987)

Microsomes from ram seminal vesicles known as a rich source of prostaglandin H synthase (PHS) activate the food mutagen IQ (2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline) to (a) product(s) mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA98. The activation is dependent on the PHS cofactor arachidonic acid and is strongly inhibited by the PHS inhibitor indomethacin. In this system, the mutagenic potency of IQ is 22 and 110 times higher than that of 2-aminofluorene and benzidine, respectively. The high mutagenic potency of IQ observed previously with mono-oxygenase activation is thus extended to the PHS system. The mutagenic activity produced by PHS increases for 4 h; this contrasts with the relatively short lifetime of the activity produced by mono-oxygenase and suggests that different agents are involved in the two processes. The PHS-mediated mutagenic activity of IQ is strongly dependent on the bacterial O-acetyltransferase which is defective in strain TA98/1,8-DNP6. Further, the responses of the strains TA1978 and TA1538 indicate that the mutagenic activity is dependent on lack of the bacterial DNA excision repair and independent of the plasmid pkM101 coded error-prone DNA repair system. Structural analogs of IQ without a methyl group on the imidazole ring and with a naphthalene instead of the quinoline ring show greatly diminished PHS-mediated mutagenic activity. The strain response pattern and structure-activity relationships are similar to those found with mono-oxygenase activation of IQ and thus indicate a basic similarity of the IQ activation via PHS with that via mono-oxygenase. It is hypothesized that PHS may activate carcinogenic heterocyclic aromatic amines in vivo.
The role of myosin II in glioma invasion: A mathematical model (2017)

Gliomas are malignant tumors that are commonly observed in primary brain cancer. Glioma cells migrate through a dense network of normal cells in microenvironment and spread long distances within brain. In this paper we present a two-dimensional multiscale model in which a glioma cell is surrounded by normal cells and its migration is controlled by cell-mechanical components in the microenvironment via the regulation of myosin II in response to chemoattractants. Our simulation results show that the myosin II plays a key role in the deformation of the cell nucleus as the glioma cell passes through the narrow intercellular space smaller than its nuclear diameter. We also demonstrate that the coordination of biochemical and mechanical components within the cell enables a glioma cell to take the mode of amoeboid migration. This study sheds lights on the understanding of glioma infiltration through the narrow intercellular spaces and may provide a potential approach for the development of anti-invasion strategies via the injection of chemoattractants for localization.
ANALYSIS OF DEVONIAN BLACK SHALES IN KENTUCKY FOR POTENTIAL CARBON DIOXIDE SEQUESTRATION AND ENHANCED NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION (2004)

Devonian gas shales underlie approximately two-thirds of Kentucky. In the shale, natural gas is adsorbed on clay and kerogen surfaces. This is analogous to methane storage in coal beds, where CO{sub 2} is preferentially adsorbed, displacing methane. Black shales may similarly desorb methane in the presence of CO{sub 2}. Drill cuttings from the Kentucky Geological Survey Well Sample and Core Library are being sampled to collect CO{sub 2} adsorption isotherms. Sidewall core samples have been acquired to investigate CO{sub 2} displacement of methane. An elemental capture spectroscopy log has been acquired to investigate possible correlations between adsorption capacity and mineralogy. Average random vitrinite reflectance data range from 0.78 to 1.59 (upper oil to wet gas and condensate hydrocarbon maturity range). Total organic content determined from acid-washed samples ranges from 0.69 to 4.62 percent. CO{sub 2} adsorption capacities at 400 psi range from a low of 19 scf/ton in less organic-rich zones to more than 86 scf/ton in the Lower Huron Member of the shale. Initial estimates based on these data indicate a sequestration capacity of 5.3 billion tons of CO{sub 2} in the Lower Huron Member of the Ohio Shale of eastern Kentucky and as much as 28 billion tons total in the deeper and thicker parts of the Devonian shales in Kentucky. Should the black shales of Kentucky prove to be a viable geologic sink for CO{sub 2}, their extensive occurrence in Paleozoic basins across North America would make them an attractive regional target for economic CO{sub 2} storage and enhanced natural gas production.
Multiple conductors in transverse magnetic field and their application in magnetic shielding (1991)

The problem of eddy currents induced in long conductors when placed in a transverse magnetic field is discussed. The induced currents are grouped into two types. The first type arises due to the flux incident over the region of the conductors. The second type arises due to the flux in the space between the conductors. The second type of current is possible only if the conductors are connected at the ends to form closed loops. To illustrate the two current types, a planar arrangement of perfect conductors is used. The possible use of multiple conductors as a magnetic shield is demonstrated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Role of Estrogen as Initiator of Daily LH Surges in the Ovariectomized Rat<sup>1</sup><sup>2</sup> (1975)

The following studies were performed to determine whether the occurrence of daily LH surges in long-term ovariectomized rats requires an increment in circulating estradiol concentrations, and if so, to investigate the nature of the estrogen stimulus. On the 15th day after bilateral ovariectomy (day 0), estradiol benzoate (EB, 50 μg/rat SC in sesame oil), estradiol–17β in Silastic capsules implanted SC, or sesame oil was administered at 7:00 AM. Within 10 hr following EB treatment, circulating estrogen increased to approximately 1800 pg/mland then declined progressively during the next 4 days to 100 pg/ml. Following insertion of estradiolimplants, however, serum estradiol levels attained maxima of approximately 125 pg/ml within 1 hr anddecreased within 14 hr to 75 pg/ml, a level maintained until implant removal. Blood samples were withdrawn from unanesthetized rats by carotid cannula or by cardiac puncture at 6:00 AM on day 0 and at 12:30 and 5:00 PM on days 0–4. Within 5½ hr following administration of EB or estradiol, circulating LH concentrations declined approximately 65% to levels 10- to 20-fold greater than those seen in diestrous rats, and remained low for 5 days insamples obtained at 12:30 PM. This sustained suppression of tonic LH secretion was interrupted by a striking increase in plasma LH levels on each of the next 4 days at 5:00 PM, a time coinciding with the preovulatory LH surge. These observations,coupled with the finding that the daily LH discharge could be blocked by administration of sodium pentobarbital, suggest that the mechanism controlling LH surges in long-term ovariectomized rat functions with 24-hr periodicity and has a neural component. A daily LH discharge was not observed at 5:00 PM in oil-treated ovariectomized controls. Finally, when the increment in serum estradiol was terminated abruptly by removal of the implants after 29½hr, the LH surges persisted for 4 days. These results suggest that an increment in circulating estradiol concentrations is necessary for the initiation, but not continuation, of a daily LH surge in long-term ovariectomized rats. (Endocrinology96: 50, 1975)
Factors Affecting Mortality and Morbidity in Adult Spina Bifida (1999)

This is a retrospective study from review of index cards. Individual case notes were scrutinised of patients who were deceased.
In Vitro Screening for Drought Tolerance in Different Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Varieties (2013)

Drought is one of the complex environmental factors affecting growth and yield of sorghum in arid and semi-arid areas of the world. Sixteen elite sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) genotypes were evaluated for their genetic potential to drought tolerance at callus induction and plant regeneration stage for drought tolerance. The non-ionic water soluble polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) of molecular weight 6000 was used as osmoticum to simulate water stress. The factorial experiment was laid down in a completely randomized design which comprised of a combination of two factors (genotypes and five PEG stress level; 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% (w/v) treatments). Data were recorded for callus induction efficiency, callus fresh weight, embryogenic callus percentage and plant regeneration percentage. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes, treatments and their interactions for the evaluated plant traits suggesting a great amount of variability for drought tolerance in sorghum. The correlation analysis also revealed strong and significant association between embryogenic callus percent and plant regeneration percent as well as between embryogenic callus percent and plant regeneration percent. By taking into consideration all the measured traits, Mann Whitney rank sum test revealed that 76T1#23 and Teshale followed by Meko, Gambella-1107 and Melkam showed better drought stress tolerance. Therefore they are recommended to be used as parents for genetic analysis, gene mapping and improvement of drought tolerance while Chelenko, Hormat and Raya appear to be drought sensitive.
Study of the technological limitations of photolithography for the relief surface of a SOI wafer during formation of the three-dimensional micromechanical structure of an integral tensoconverter (2013)

The results of studying the formation of the three-dimensional micromechanical structure of an integral tensoconverter are presented. The technological restrictions on contact photolithography over the relief structure formed on the device layer of the silicon-on-insulator wafer are analyzed. The effect of the design parameters (the frame height and the width of the frame slit) are described.
Boronic Acid Functionalized Boron Dipyrromethene Fluorescent Probes: Preparation, Characterization, and Saccharides Sensing Applications (2012)

Fluorescent probes based on boron dipyrromethene functionalized with a phenylboronic acid group (BODIPY-PBAs) were synthesized in high yield for the first time by Suzuki coupling of bis(pinacolato)diboron and 8-(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY). Wavelength tuning of the fluorophores was achieved by attaching an auxochromic substituent to the 5-position of the BODIPY core structure through Knoevenagel condensation. The emission intensity of fluorophores increases when binding to the analytes with diol groups and forming boronic esters at fixed pH. These compounds can detect monosaccharides in the concentration range of 0.1-100 mM. Whereas glycogen was found to quench the fluorescence of BODIPY-PBAs in an aqueous solution due to the self-quenching of the fluorophores after attaching in the extensively branched and compact glucose polymer, further addition of d-fructose to the solution can release the fluorophores from the polymer and the fluorescence regains. The BODIPY-PBA fluorophore has been applied in polymeric optodes containing anion exchangers to perform repetitive measurement. Such sensors respond to different monosaccharides in the range of 0.1-100 mM and demonstrate an improved selectivity toward d-fructose over other saccharides, compared to the results obtained from homogeneous assay.