gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Immunological Predictors of Survival in HIV Type 2-Infected Rural Villagers in Guinea-Bissau (2005)

We investigated the association between beta2-microglobulin, neopterin, serum levels of soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), CD4 count, and plasma viremia with survival in 133 HIV-2-infected villagers and 160 controls living in rural Guinea-Bissau. Subjects were recruited in 1991 and visited at home every 3-6 months until 1998. Median beta2-microglobulin, neopterin, and suPAR were significantly higher and CD4% significantly lower among HIV-2-infected individuals than controls. Thirty-one HIV-2-infected individuals died and 7 were lost to follow-up. beta2-Microglobulin, CD4%, and plasma viral load were associated independently with survival in multivariate analyses. Neopterin and suPAR did not reach statistical significance. These findings suggest that immune activation is central to the pathogenesis of HIV. They also have important implications for resource-poor settings where CD4 count and plasma viral load are unaffordable.
Demonstration and Validation of a Fractured Rock Passive Flux Meter (2015)

Abstract : The overall objective of this project was to demonstrate and validate a new closed-hole passive sensing technology for fractured media: the Fractured Rock Passive Fluxmeter (FRPFM). The FRPFM provides simultaneous measurement of (1) the presence of flowing fractures, (2) the location of active or flowing fractures; (3) active fracture orientation i.e., dip and azimuth; (4) direction of groundwater flow in each fracture; (5) cumulative magnitude of groundwater flux in each fracture; and (6) cumulative magnitude of contaminant flux in each fracture. Various technologies exist to measure (1), (2) and (3) above; however, the FRPFM is the only technology that also measures (4), (5) and (6).
Enzymatic Profiles of Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Bacteroides Species Obtained with the API ZYM System and Rosco Diagnostic Tablets (1995)

Journal Article Enzymatic Profiles of Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Bacteroides Species Obtained with the API ZYM System and Rosco Diagnostic Tablets Get access Bengül Durmaz, Bengül Durmaz From Inönü University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Malatya, Turkey; Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; and Veterans Affairs Wadsworth Medical Center and UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hannele R. Jousimies-Somer, Hannele R. Jousimies-Somer From Inönü University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Malatya, Turkey; Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; and Veterans Affairs Wadsworth Medical Center and UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Hannele Jousimies-Somer, Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sydney M. Finegold Sydney M. Finegold From Inönü University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Malatya, Turkey; Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland; and Veterans Affairs Wadsworth Medical Center and UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 20, Issue Supplement_2, June 1995, Pages S192–S194, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinids/20.Supplement_2.S192 Published: 01 June 1995
Frequency-Agile LIDAR Receiver for Chemical and Biological Agent Sensing (2010)

Abstract : Objective: Improve standoff range and chem-bio agent detection limits of direct detection LWIR differential absorption LIDAR systems * Standoff range: ~ 2x increase for fixed chem-bio sensitivity; scales as 1/sqrt(NEP) * CB agent sensitivity: ~ 4x increase for fixed standoff range, scales as NEP * Compatible with 200 Hz line-tuned CO2 laser.
Feasibility study for the application of computed tomography to Savannah River reactor-fuel tubes (1991)

Gamma-ray computed tomography (CT) is a potentially powerful nondestructive method for assessing enriched uranium-aluminum (U-Al) reactor-fuel tubes produced at the Westinghouse Savannah River Company (WSRC). Several proof-of-principle experiments were performed to obtain data that can be used to determine the feasibility and general operating parameters of a CT instrument for this application. We inspected a mock-fuel tube (contains U-238 instead of U-235) supplied by WSRC to assess the ability of CT to measure and distinguish changes in U density in the U-Al core, to distinguish the end of the U-Al core from Al, and to distinguish changes in the Al cladding thickness. The results indicate that CT can provide meaningful information about interior details and spatial measurements for both the U-Al core and Al cladding of the reactor-fuel tube. This feasibility study demonstrates the quantitative possibilities obtained from the nuclear-spectroscopy-based CT scanners used. 21 refs.
Hybridization of Localized and Guided Modes in 2D Metal–Insulator–Metal Nanocavity Arrays (2012)

This article describes the angle-dependent optical responses of 2D metal–insulator–metal (MIM) nanocavity arrays. Through a combination of soft nanolithography and template stripping, we fabricated arrays of plasmonic MIM nanostructures with subwavelength spacings over square centimeter areas. We controlled the coupling between the localized surface plasmon and guided modes as well as engineered the optical band structure by tuning the insulator thickness. Rabi splitting of hybridized modes strongly depended on the spatial overlap of the near-fields of the localized and guided modes.
Childhood trachoma in a nonendemic area. Danish trachoma patients and their close contacts, 1963 to 1973 (1978)

During ten years of study of Chlamydia trachomatis eye infections, trachoma was diagnosed in 14 Danish patients with onset during childhood. Clinical findings in the eye were characteristic of classical trachoma. The infecting C trachomatis immunotype was identified in all but one case. At the time of diagnosis, seven patients were still children (6 to 10 years of age), three were teenagers, and four were adults. In five young girls the disease was extremely severe. Delay in proper diagnosis and adequate therapy contributed to the prolongation and severity of the disease. Failure to diagnose is attributed to widespread opinion and teaching of physicians in Western countries that trachoma eye disease has disappeared. Studies of family members and other contacts of the patients contributed to an understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. The source of initial eye infection with C trachomatis organisms in these cases was thought to be the birth canal. It was further postulated that reinfection of the eyes of these children occurred either from a reservoir in their own or their mother's genital tract.
The management of anterior dislocation of the shoulder with proximal humerus fracture, bony Bankart lesion, and associated glenoid labrum avulsion: a report of 2 cases. (2003)

Proximal humerus fractures are common in the older population. These fractures can be associated with dislocation of the shoulder. Four-part fracture-dislocations and head-splitting 3-part fractures are generally indicated for shoulder hemiarthroplasty in the older population. When such surgery is warranted, inspection of the glenoid during the procedure is indicated, as loss of evaluation may lead to postoperative shoulder instability. There is value in alerting orthopedic surgeons to the possibility of anterior glenoid rim fracture in association with proximal shoulder fracture-dislocation. We focus on this issue and advise that the lesion can be visualized and confirmed at open reconstruction and does not need multiple radiographic views.
NMR Spectroscopy Using a Chiral Lanthanide Shift Reagent to Assess the Optical Purity of 1-Phenylethylamine (1995)

Enantiomeric forms of 1-phenylethylamine cannot be distinguished by 1H or 13C-NMR because the groups attached to the stereocenter are in an enantiopic environment. However, the chemical shifts of the protons in the groups attached to the stereocenter can be differentially altered to appear as distinct peaks in the NMR spectrum. This is accomplished by the use of a commercially available chiral lanthanide shift reagent, Yb(tfC)3. The NMR spectrum after the addition of a chiral shift reagent allows one to assess the optical purity of the sample.
Reactively Sputtered Mo–V Nitride Thin Films as Ternary Diffusion Barriers for Copper Metallization (2008)

The effectiveness and performance of Mo-based ternary nitride films as copper diffusion barriers were investigated. Thermally stable Mo–V nitride thin diffusion barrier layers were deposited using radio frequency reactive magnetron sputtering and their barrier capability was evaluated and studied. Cu/Mo–V nitride/Si structures were fabricated and annealed at different temperatures. The agglomeration of Cu and the formation of due to high-temperature annealing were probed using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The drastic increase in sheet resistance after annealing at was found to take place due to the formation of highly resistive , also evident from X-ray diffraction patterns. The formation of inverted pyramidal structure of at the interface penetrated into the Si substrate corroborated the breakdown of the barrier layer at . Our results suggest that an 8 nm thick Mo–V nitride barrier can effectively prevent the formation of up to high annealing temperatures.
Results from a nuclear microprobe analysis of selected rare earth fluor materials (2002)

Until recently, it was difficult to measure properties of individual fluor grains. The development of an accelerator-based nuclear microprobe, as is currently available at the Louisiana Accelerator Center, has made this type of research possible. Using ion beams as small as 1 /spl times/ 1 /spl mu/m (horizontal /spl times/ vertical extent), it is now possible to measure properties of individual fluor grains. Starting in 2000, a research program was initiated to determine the microscopic fluorescence properties for selected rare earth compounds, like Y/sub 2/O/sub 2/S:Eu. Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) was used to characterize individual fluor grains. Individual Y/sub 2/O/sub 2/S:Eu grains are clearly visible in the analysis and are less than 10 /spl mu/m in extent.
ChemInform Abstract: CIRCULAR DICHROISM STUDIES OF COPPER(2+)‐ATP COMPLEXES. EXISTENCE OF RIBOSE‐METAL ION INTERACTIONS (1977)

Abstract Die Wechselwirkung von Cu‐Ionen mit dem Ribose‐Teil von ATP werden mit Hilfe von CD‐Spektren untersucht, um die Bildung von Hydroxokomplexen im alkalischen pH‐Bereich zu verstehen.
Sub- W Switched-Capacitor Circuits Using a Class-C Inverter (2005)

In a switched-capacitor (SC) circuit, the major block is an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) designed in order to form a feedback loop. However, the OTA is the block that consumes most of the power in SC circuits. This paper proposes the use of a class-C inverter instead of the OTA in SC circuits and a corresponding switches configuration for extremely low power applications. A detailed analysis and design trade-offs are also provided. Simulation and experimental results show that suffcient performance can be obtained even though a class-C inverter is used. The second-order biquad filter and the second-order SC sigma-delta (ΣΔ) modulator based on a class-C inverter are designed. These circuits have been fabricated with a 0.35-μm CMOS process. The measurement results of the fabricated SC biquad filter show a 59-dB signal-to-noise-plus distortion ratio (SNDR) for a 0.2-Vp-p input signal and 0.9-V dynamic ranges. The power consumption of the biquad filter is only 0.4 μW with a 1-V power supply. The measurement results of the fabricated ΣΔ modulator show a 61-dB peak SNR for a 1.6-kHz bandwidth with a sample rate of 200 kHz. The modulator consumes 0.8 μW with a 1-V power supply.
High Electron Mobility (2270 cm<sup>2</sup>/Vsec) In<inf>0.53</inf>Ga<inf>0.47</inf>As Inversion Channel N-MOSFETs with ALD ZrO<inf>2</inf> Gate Oxide Providing 1 nm EOT (2008)

Self-aligned MOSFETs with high-Indium content InGaAs based channel, ultra-thin high-k dielectric and metal gate are attractive devices for logic applications. To be compatible with the future generation CMOS technology, these devices must demonstrate high channel mobility and excellent performance at low operating voltage. Development of a thermally stable I-V/high-k interface with low EOT and low interface state density remains the key challenge for compound semiconductor implementation.
A Model for Simultaneous Particulate and Dissolved Substrate Removal in a Biofilm Reactor (2006)

The present kinetic study develops a model describing zero-order soluble substrate (methanol) diffusion and biochemical reaction inside the porous biofilm matrix with simultaneous particle removal by bioflocculation at the surface of aerobic biological films. Methanol (CH3OH) served as the dissolved substrate and native corn starch served as the organic particulates; 95% of the particles were less than a 23.9-micron equivalent spherical diameter, the median particle diameter was 14.1 microns, and only 5% of the particles were less than 1.4 microns. A bench-scale completely mixed rotating disc biofilm reactor was used to grow and experimentally measure substrate removal, both dissolved and particulate, as a function of the ratio of external biofilm area to bulk liquid volumetric flow rate, A/Q. A curve-fitting routine revealed that within the range of concentrations used in this research, internal diffusion and consumption of methanol was predicted by a zero-order reaction, and the removal of organic particulates was described by a first-order bioflocculation kinetic expression. A significant effect of the influent concentration of methanol and corn starch on the numerical value of the kinetic constants could be observed.
4-Chloro-<i>N</i>-<i>m</i>-tolylbenzamide (2009)

In the title compound, C(14)H(12)ClNO, the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 11.29 (15)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds linking the mol-ecules into chains running along the c axis.
A wave-based substructuring approach for fast modification predictions and industrial vehicle optimization (2005)

In the vehicle development process, design decisions are increasingly based on virtual prototypes (for example using Finite Element (FE) models), as time-to-market must be reduced, while more and more variants must be designed and assessed. Substructuring and Component Mode Synthesis (CMS) methods are useful to speed up the time of local design modifications. Traditional CMS methods involve coupling the system matrices of each substructure along all interface degrees of freedom (DOFs). A Wave-Based Substructuring (WBS) approach has been developed, that aims to find a set of basis functions that describe the dynamic behavior of the coupling interfaces. The interface displacements in the assembled system are then written as a linear combination of these basis functions. As the number of basis functions is typically much lower than the number of interface DOFs, the procedure reduces the number of variables in the matrix equations and the size of the interface description. This greatly facilitates the model reduction procedure and results in faster structural and vibro-acoustic predictions. The WBS approach has been implemented in an integrated multi-attribute virtual simulation environment, where it complements the assembly definition and trimming functionality as it allows speeding up modification predictions and thus alleviates the computational burden of industrial vehicle optimization. This is demonstrated on the basis of three test cases taken from automotive industry. 1
Grid Optimization for Improved Monotonicity of MPFA Solutions on Unstructured Grids (2006)

Unstructured grids are useful for resolving key geological or flow features in reservoir simulation. Accurate finite volume discretization of the reservoir flow equations on such grids generally requires the use of multipoint flux approximation (MPFA). MPFA can be applied to heterogeneous, anisotropic systems on generally unstructured grids, though it may suffer from loss of monotonicity of the inverse of the resulting linear operator at moderate to high permeability anisotropy ratios. As a consequence, the resulting pressure solution can show errors in the form of spurious oscillations. In recent work, we developed new algorithms for 2D and 3D systems that address this loss of monotonicity from a grid optimization perspective. Given an underlying fine-scale heterogeneous permeability field, the approaches can be generalized (via iteration) to couple permeability upscaling with the unstructured grid optimization. <br>In our previous work, solutions of the single-phase incompressible pressure equation were considered for 2D and 3D models. In this paper we describe our grid optimization procedures, consider new example cases, and apply the approach to a two-phase flow problem. We demonstrate that the overall procedure is capable of providing accurate solutions (for both single-phase and two-phase flows) that are free of spurious pressure oscillations. An upscaling example demonstrates results in reasonably close agreement with the corresponding fine-grid solution. Although not presented here, the method can be coupled with a flow-based grid generation procedure to provide an overall gridding capability that resolves key flow regions while minimizing or eliminating spurious pressure oscillations. <br>
Sequences of the<i>E. coli uvrC</i>gene and protein (1984)

We have determined the sequence of a 2400 bp region of E. coli chromosomal DNA containing the uvrC gene. The coding region of uvrc is 2267 bp in length, encodes a polypeptide with a calculated molecular weight of 66,038 daltons, and is preceded by a typical E. coli ribosome binding site. By constructing deletion derivatives we have established that a uvrC promoter lies within the 113 bp region preceding the translational start of uvrC. The codon usage in uvrC is strongly biased in favor of codons used infrequently in E. coli, which may contribute to the relatively low intracellular concentration of uvrC protein.
Delta-Doped Si/SiGe Zero-Bias Backward Diodes for Micro-Wave Detection (2007)

We report the first directly-measured sensitivity performance of a zero-bias Si-based heterojunction backward detector, which is readily compatible with mainstream silicon technology. A measured sensitivity of 2376 V/W driven from a 50 Omega source at zero-bias has been obtained. A cutoff frequency of 1.8 GHz was extracted with a series resistance of 290 Omega and a junction capacitance of 0.307 pF using a small signal model established to fit the measured S-parameters for a 5 mum diameter mesa device.
Three-phase test for reaction intermediates. Nucleophilic catalysis and elimination reactions (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThree-phase test for reaction intermediates. Nucleophilic catalysis and elimination reactionsJulius Rebek, David Brown, and Stephen ZimmermanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 2, 454–455Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00835a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00835a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views438Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Remote Eye Tracking: State of the Art and Directions for Future Development (2006)

Recent years have seen rapid developments in the field of remote eye tracking. Whereas only a few years ago the standard in eye tracking was for systems to be intrusive, i.e. they either required the user’s head to be fixated or equipment to be mounted on the user’s head, systems have now evolved to the point where the user can move freely in front of the system (within certain limits), and good accuracy (1 degree or better) is achieved throughout the whole working range. This has been demonstrated by a number of commercial and academic systems, both multi-camera (Beymer and Flickner, 2003; LC Technologies, 2006) and singlecamera (Tobii, 2002; SMI, 2006; Hennessey et al., 2006; Guestrin and Eizenman, 2006; Meyer et al., 2006). To clarify terms, we will use the term “remote eye tracking” here to mean a system that operates without contact with the user and permits free head movement within reasonable limits without losing tracking.
ChemInform Abstract: New Synthesis of the 1‐Pyrazoline Ring. (1990)

Abstract The diazoazafluorene (I) reacts with the pyridinium methylides, generated in situ from the phenacylpyridinium bromides (II), to give the spiro compounds (III) and (IV).
Future prospects for the treatment of rapidly evolving viral pathogens: insights from evolutionary biology (2008)

The evolutionary dynamics of viruses must be taken into consideration in designing preventive and therapeutic treatments. Here we review mechanisms by which viruses adapt in response to antiviral interventions. We propose combination therapy and multiepitopic vaccines as adequate to circumvent virus adaptability. An alternative design, termed lethal mutagenesis or virus entry into error catastrophe is presented. It exploits the high error rates inherent in RNA virus replication, to provoke virus extinction through excess of mutations.
Second-order Recursive Oscillators for Musical Additive Synthesis Applications on SIMD and VLIW Processors. (1999)

This paper summarizes our work adapting a recursive digital resonator for use on sixteen-bit fixed-point hardware. The modified oscillator is a two-pole filter with error properties expressly matched to use in the range of frequencies relevant to additive synthesis of digital audio. We present the algorithm, error analysis, performance analysis, and measurements of an implementation on a fixed-point vector microprocessor system. 1. INTRODUCTION The most widely used digital sinusoidal oscillator structure employs a first order recursion to accumulate and wrap a phasor, followed by a sinusoidal functional evaluation --- usually by indexing precomputed tables. Second order recursions are an attractive alternative because the sinusoid is computed within the structure, avoiding the need for a large table or specialized hardware function evaluator. Unfortunately, numerous theoretical and practical challenges have to be overcome to use second order structures. We are motivated to overcome th...