gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Field Trial, Using Killed-Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccine To Protect Against Chicken Respiratory Mycoplasmosis (1975)

In a field trial with chickens, the efficacy of killed Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine against respiratory mycoplasmosis was determined. Broiler chickens were vaccinated by aerosol administration at 3, 14, and 25 days of age, and observations were made of survival rate, body weight gain ratio, macroscopic lesion grade of airsacculitis, isolation of organisms, serologic test results, histopathologic changes, and clinical signs. Inhalation of the vaccinal aerosol did not influence livability and body weight gain ratios. In the control group, M gallisepticum, M synoviae, or both, wereisolated in 6 of 10 chickens at age 84 days and in 1 of 10 chickens at age 134 days. In all of the vaccinated groups (10 broilers each), however, results of bacteriologic cultural examination during the observation period were negative. The killed M gallisepticum vaccine also suppressed increase of antibody titers in the tube agglutination and the hemagglutination-inhibition tests at different intervals. Both the histopathologic changes and the clinical signs appeared minimal in the vaccinated group.
Reliability of the International Prostate Symptom Score in the Assessment of Patients With Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and/or Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (1996)

Purpose: The reliability of the International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) was tested in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and/or benign prostatic hyperplasia.Materials and Methods: A total of 71 consecutive men with benign prostatic hyperplasia and/or lower urinary tract symptoms was asked to complete the I-PSS at baseline and 8 weeks later.At the second visit the physician also completed the I-PSS according to the complaints of the patient.Variability between both scores was evaluated by calculation of duplo errors and results were compared to the clinical data.Results: A considerable variability existed between the I-PSS results obtained at baseline and 8 weeks.The duplo error was 4.3.In a regression analysis of I-PSS, including all clinical parameters, only free flow had some predictive value for I-PSS outcomes.Conclusions: It is important to consider the variability of the I-PSS score when making decisions concerning treatment.
Accelerator Radiocarbon Dating at SFU (1986)

The Simon Fraser University accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facility has now been in semi-routine use since the beginning of 1985. The advantages and limitations for 14 C dating are described.
Alkoxyethylidene functions as reactive sites for the attachment of pendent groups to complexes of macrocyclic ligands. Crystal structure and reactivity patterns (1973)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAlkoxyethylidene functions as reactive sites for the attachment of pendent groups to complexes of macrocyclic ligands. Crystal structure and reactivity patternsP. W. R. Corfield, J. D. Mokren, Christian J. Hipp, and Daryle H. BuschCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1973, 95, 13, 4465–4466Publication Date (Print):June 27, 1973Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 27 June 1973https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00794a077https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00794a077research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Two novel proteins expressed by the venom glands of <i>Apis mellifera</i> and <i>Nasonia vitripennis</i> share an ancient C1q‐like domain (2010)

An in-depth proteomic study of previously unidentified two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis spots of honey bee (Apis mellifera, Hymenoptera) venom revealed a new protein with a C1q conserved domain (C1q-VP). BlastP searching revealed a strong identity with only two proteins from other insect species: the jewel wasp, Nasonia vitripennis (Hymenoptera), and the green pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera). In higher organisms, C1q is the first subcomponent of the classical complement pathway and constitutes a major link between innate and acquired immunity. Expression of C1q-VP in a variety of tissues of honey bee workers and drones was demonstrated. In addition, a wide spatial and temporal pattern of expression was observed in N. vitripennis. We suggest that C1q-VP represents a new member of the emerging group of venom trace elements. Using degenerate primers the corresponding gene was found to be highly conserved in eight hymenopteran species, including species of the Aculeata and the Parasitica groups (suborder Apocrita) and even the suborder Symphyta. A preliminary test using recombinant proteins failed to demonstrate Am_C1q-VP-specific immunoglobulin E recognition by serum from patients with a documented severe bee venom allergy.
Process Optimization of Hydrogen Production from CoalGasification (2006)

Hydrogen is a high quality energy carrier, contains no carbon and generates little or no polluting emissions at the point of use. A hydrogen-based energy system is an advantageous option for delivering efficient, clean and safe energy in a wide range of applications [1]. At present, significant cost and performance improvements in production, storage, transportation and technologies are required. Research, development and commercial efforts should be combined to achieve these goals. Hydrogen is a secondary form of energy, produced using other primary energy sources. Most of the hydrogen is made by steam reforming of natural gas (which is mainly methane). However, the use of coal as source is desirable, being a low-cost fuel and guaranteeing a longterm availability. Coal gasification is an efficient, clean and versatile process, which can be adapted for producing hydrogen [2]. The comparison of different technologies as well as the assessment of advanced options (e.g. introduction of a combined cycle, use of pure oxygen, CO2 sequestration) are necessary to maximize the conversion, the process efficiency and the environmental benefits [3]. Even, the integration of the gasification process with a centralized power plant (thus sharing steam, heat, emissions and residue char) may be competitive, reducing significantly the cost for hydrogen production. This work aims to assess the efficiency of the coal gasification process, the opportunity of different options and the effect of the operating conditions on hydrogen production, net energy production. Preliminary experimental applications and process modeling on the coal pyrolysis Enel plant of Bastardo (Perugia – Italy) gave promising results [4]. These are the bases to develop a process optimization method, which uses thermodynamic databases, parametric models (for the pyrolysis and gasification steps) and a steady state simulation software. The results reported in this work are a first example of the potential of combining these tools and will be deepened in the frame of the FISR project “Integrated Systems for Hydrogen Production and Use in Distributed Generation”, which will optimize the integration with a centralized power plant [5].
Immunohistochemical Staining Characteristics of Nephrogenic Adenoma Using the PIN-4 Cocktail (p63, AMACR, and CK903) and GATA-3 (2014)

Nephrogenic adenoma (NA) is a benign lesion of the urinary tract associated with injury to the urothelium. The varied morphologic patterns of NA make it a potential diagnostic pitfall, because it can mimic closely prostatic adenocarcinoma and urothelial carcinoma. In current practice, an antibody cocktail comprising p63, CK903, and AMACR (PIN-4 cocktail) is frequently utilized to evaluate foci suspicious for prostatic adenocarcinoma. Although the staining characteristics of the individual components of the PIN-4 cocktail have been reported for NA, no study has described the expression patterns for NA when the stains are applied as a cocktail. GATA-3 is an emerging marker of urothelial carcinoma; however, the GATA-3 staining characteristics of NA have yet to be described. Sixty-three NA specimens (M:F=36:27, average age=51.4 y) from various locations in the urinary tract including urinary bladder (n=40), ureter (n=3), and urethra (n=20) were collected from the archives of 2 institutions. Immunohistochemical analysis with the PIN-4 cocktail and GATA-3 antibodies was performed, and the distribution and intensity of staining was recorded for each antibody in each case. PIN-4 cocktail staining revealed AMACR expression in 56% of cases, CK903 expression in 97%, and rare p63 positivity (in only 2 cases). Only 2 NA cases displayed an overall PIN-4 staining pattern compatible with prostate cancer. GATA-3 expression was noted in 40% of NAs. No correlation between AMACR, CK903, or GATA-3 positivity and histologic pattern or anatomic location was identified. Although heterogenous staining patterns were seen within individual cases, use of the PIN-4 cocktail effectively discriminates NA from prostate cancer because of the high frequency of coexpression of AMACR and CK903 within NA. In addition, GATA-3 is not a useful marker in differentiating between NA and urothelial carcinoma.
ChemInform Abstract: EIGENSCHAFTEN VON 1,2‐DIAMINO‐AETHYLENEN UND IHREN DIIMMONIUMSALZEN (1970)

Abstract Die Reaktion von Dichloracetylchlorid (I) mit den Aminen (II) liefert die Amide (III), die mit den Aminen (IV) die Amide (V) ergeben.
A New Magneto-Optic Transfer Readout with Magnetic Garnet Film (1985)

Previous garnet film transfer readout methods suffered from drawbacks such as transfer domain disorder and slow response. Here a new type of transfer readout method, in which the domains of garnet film are formed into parallel stripes and the garnet film is placed close to the recording medium, so that leakage flux from the latter changes the garnet domain widths, which are detected by a laser readout beam. In experiments, signals recorded at 5 MHz and various recording currents were read out as expected, with transfer domains changing continuously with the recording current. The new method seems to be feasible for use in high-speed response narrow-track readout.
Beurteilung von Kraniosynostosen mit der Mehrschicht-CT (2009)

Vorzeitige Synostosen der kraniellen Synchondrosen führen zu spezifischen Abweichungen der Kopfform abhängig von der betroffenen kranialen Naht. Die Inzidenz vorzeitiger Nahtsynostosen beträgt etwa 0.6/1000 Geburten. Neben den Formveränderungen mit kosmetischen Konsequenzen, können unter anderem Erhöhungen des intrakraniellen Druckes und syndromale Pathologien vorliegen. Eine frühzeitige Diagnose ermöglicht eine Abwägung des möglichen Nutzens einer Operation und eine Planung des Operationszeitpunktes.
A Composite of Multiple Signals Distinguishes Causal Variants in Regions of Positive Selection (2010)

The human genome contains hundreds of regions whose patterns of genetic variation indicate recent positive natural selection, yet for most the underlying gene and the advantageous mutation remain unknown. We developed a method, composite of multiple signals (CMS), that combines tests for multiple signals of selection and increases resolution by up to 100-fold. By applying CMS to candidate regions from the International Haplotype Map, we localized population-specific selective signals to 55 kilobases (median), identifying known and novel causal variants. CMS can not just identify individual loci but implicates precise variants selected by evolution.
The nature of vitamin D resistance of patients with chronic renal disease. (1969)

Chronic renal disease is characteristically attended by derangements in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. 1-3 Many investigators have documented an impaired intestinal absorption of calcium in patients with chronic renal failure using either classical metabolic balance or isotopic marking techniques. 3-5 This defect has also been noted in patients without manifest azotemia or acidosis 3,6 and has been confirmed in chronic experimental renal insufficiency by Kessner and Epstein. 7 Liu and Chu initially considered a to vitamin D action in the uremic individual as a cause for defective intestinal calcium absorption. 8 Stanbury and Lumb 3 and Dent and co-workers 9 have also suggested that the acquired vitamin D resistance results primarily in the defective absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract. The subsequent studies of Fletcher et al made during the therapeutic trials of alkali, aluminum hydroxide, vitamin D, and calcium supplements in uremic osteodystrophic patients appear confirmatory
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL OXIDATIVE DESULPHURISATION OF S‐TRITHIANES AND THIOACETALS WITH IODINE IN DIMETHYLSULFPHOXIDE (1973)

Abstract Aus den Trithianen (I) erhält man bei der Behandlung mit Jod in DMSO über diskutierte Zwischenstufen die freien Oxoverbindungen (II).
Energy Transfer from a Cationic Conjugated Polyelectrolyte to a DNA Photonic Wire: Toward Label-Free, Sequence-Specific DNA Sensing (2014)

We demonstrate a label-free, sequence specific DNA sensor based on fluorescence resonant energy transfer (FRET) occurring between a cationic conjugated polyelectrolyte and a small intercalating dye, malachite green chloride. The sensor combines (1) conjugated polymer chain conformation changes induced by the binding with DNA, with the conjugated polymer wrapping/twisting around the DNA helical duplex and experiencing a 3-fold increase in its photoluminescence quantum yield and (2) FRET from the conjugated polymer to the intercalated DNA. Owing to its small size, the dye intercalates at maximal, one-to-one dye-to-base pair load, making the intercalated DNA a molecular photonic wire with dyes excitonically coupled and chiroptically active. Any sequence mismatch between probe and target DNA degrades the intercalated DNA photonic wire by decreasing its brightness, excitonic coupling, and chiroptical properties, and this provides a signal transduction method for the DNA sensor. Coupling of intercalated DNA with the conjugated polymer via FRET provides target signal amplification and increased sensitivity toward sequence mismatch, with the FRET efficiency decreasing with added DNA sequence mismatch.
The Chemical Nature of Atomic Oxygen Adsorbed on Rh(111) and Pt(111):  A Density Functional Study (1997)

The bonding of atomic oxygen on Pt(111) and Rh(111) was examined using density functional theory in order to understand their different chemical properties. The oxygen−surface interactions were modeled by bonding atomic oxygen to 10-atom clusters of Pt and Rh designed to model the (111) surface. Density functional theory was applied using the local density and generalized gradient approximations; results were obtained for both double-ζ and triple-ζ basis sets. Optimized geometries and binding energies were computed and favorably compared to available experimental values. Interestingly, the ionic bonding in the two cases is nearly the same, based on the similarities in the charge on oxygen. The Hirshfeld charges on oxygen were −0.225 and −0.207 for Rh10−O and Pt10−O , respectively, using the double-ζ basis set. A more detailed analysis of the covalent bonding using crystal orbital overlap populations indicated that the 2p orbitals of oxygen interact in a greater bonding fashion with both the sp and d orbitals of Rh than with those of Pt. Additional calculations with adsorbed hydroxyl on these metal clusters show differences in covalent bonding similar to that of oxygen. In this case, however, differences in ionic bonding play a role; oxygen in hydroxyl has a greater charge on Pt than Rh. This leads to smaller differences in the interaction energies of hydroxyl on Rh and Pt compared with oxygen, resulting in differences in chemical reactivity between the two metals, especially with respect to reactions involving hydrogen transfer.
Increased pressure stimulates aberrant dendritic cell maturation (2007)

Patients with malignancy typically exhibit abnormal dendritic cell profiles. Interstitial tumor pressure is increased 20-50 mmHg over that in normal tissue. We hypothesized that elevated pressure in the tumor microenvironment may influence dendritic cell (DC) phenotype and function. Monocyte-derived immature and mature DC isolated from healthy human donors were exposed to either ambient or 40 mmHg increased pressure at 37 degrees C for 12 hours, then assessed for expression of CD80, CD86, CD83, CD40, MHC-I and MHC-II. IL-12 production and phagocytosis of CFSE-labeled tumor lysate were assessed in parallel. Elevated pressure significantly increased expression of all co-stimulatory and MHC molecules on mature DC. Immature DC significantly increased expression of CD80, CD86, CD83 and MHC-II, but not MHC-I and CD40, versus ambient pressure controls. Pressure-treated immature DC phenotypically resembled mature DC controls, but produced low IL-12. Phenotypic maturation correlated with decreased phagocytic capacity. These results suggest increased extracellular pressure may cause aberrant DC maturation and impair tumor immunosurveillance.
Kinetic Analyses of the Surface-Transmembrane Disulfide Bond Isomerization-Controlled Fusion Activation Pathway in Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (2005)

The surface (SU) and transmembrane (TM) subunits of Moloney murine leukemia virus (Mo-MLV) Env are disulfide linked. The linking cysteine in SU is part of a conserved CXXC motif in which the other cysteine carries a free thiol. Recently, we showed that receptor binding activates its free thiol to isomerize the intersubunit disulfide bond into a disulfide within the motif instead (M. Wallin, M. Ekström and H. Garoff, EMBO J. 23:54-65, 2004). This facilitated SU dissociation and activation of TM for membrane fusion. The evidence was mainly based on the finding that alkylation of the CXXC-thiol prevented isomerization. This arrested membrane fusion, but the activity could be rescued by cleaving the intersubunit disulfide bond with dithiothreitol (DTT). Here, we demonstrate directly that receptor binding causes SU-TM disulfide bond isomerization in a subfraction of the viral Envs. The kinetics of the isomerization followed that of virus-cell membrane fusion. Arresting the fusion with lysophosphatidylcholine did not arrest isomerization, suggesting that isomerization precedes the hemifusion stage of fusion. Our earlier finding that native Env was not possible to alkylate but required isomerization induction by receptor binding intimated that alkylation trapped an intermediate form of Env. To further clarify this possibility, we analyzed the kinetics by which the alkylation-sensitive Env was generated during fusion. We found that it followed the fusion kinetics. In contrast, the release of fusion from alkylated, isomerization-blocked virus by DTT reduction of the SU-TM disulfide bond was much faster. These results suggest that the alkylation-sensitive form of Env is a true intermediate in the fusion activation pathway of Env.
CACTI-IO Technical Report (2012)

We describe CACTI-IO, an extension to CACTI that includes power,\narea and timing models for the IO and PHY of the off-chip memory interface for\nvarious server and mobile configurations. CACTI-IO enables quick design space\nexploration of the off-chip IO along with the DRAM and cache parameters. We\ndescribe the models added to CACTI-IO that help include the off-chip impact to\nthe tradeoffs between memory capacity, bandwidth and power. This technical\nreport also provides three standard configurations for the input parameters\n(DDR3, LPDDR2 and Wide-IO) and illustrates how the models can be modified for a\ncustom configuration. The models are validated against SPICE simulations and\nshow that we are within 0-15% error for different configurations. We also\ncompare with measured results.Pre-2018 CSE ID: CS2012-0986
Acting Optimally in Partially Observable Stochastic Domains (1994)

In this paper, we describe the partially observable Markov decision process (pomdp) approach to finding optimal or near-optimal control strategies for partially observable stochastic environments, given a complete model of the environment. The pomdp approach was originally developed in the operations research community and provides a formal basis for planning problems that have been of interest to the AI community. We found the existing algorithms for computing optimal control strategies to be highly computationally inefficient and have developed a new algorithm that is empirically more efficient. We sketch this algorithm and present preliminary results on several small problems that illustrate important properties of the pomdp approach. Introduction Agents that act in real environments, whether physical or virtual, rarely have complete information about the state of the environment in which they are working. It is necessary for them to choose their actions in partial ignorance and o...
Picosecond Dephasing of Coherently Excited Vibrations in Liquid<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">N</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>-Ar Mixtures (1977)

Vibrational-dephasing times have been measured in mixtures of liquid ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ and Ar. The correlation time of the molecular motion initiating the dephasing process is calculated to be 2.2 and 4.6 ps in pure ${\mathrm{N}}_{2}$ and pure Ar, respectively. These rather long correlation times suggest that the dephasing results from the average force field determined by the number of nearest-neighbor molecules.
IgE Concentrations Measured by PRIST® in Serum of Healthy Adults and in Patients with Respiratory Allergy (1981)

In order to establish reference values for total serum IgE in an adult non-atopic population, 175 individuals, 17-85 years of age, were investigated. The usefulness of a sensitive method (PRIST) for serum IgE determinations in discriminating atopy from non-atopic conditions in allergological routine diagnosis was elucidated by investigating 445 patients with symptoms of asthma, rhinitis, urticaria and eczema. Comparisons were made with case histories, in vivo tests and circulating IgE antibodies. The geometric mean for serum IgE in the reference material was 13.2 kU/l with a 2 SD range of 1.53 to 114 kU/l. No significant difference between age groups or sexes was observed. In patients classified as non-atopic and pronounced atopic, the geometric mean values for IgE were 40, 123 and 458 kU/l respectively. The IgE level correlated with number of allergens positive in RAST and with skin test results. It is concluded that IgE determinations are of great help in discriminating atopic conditions from other diseases with similar symptoms. A serum IgE value above 100 kU/l in a patient is strong evidence for the presence of an atopic disease while a value below 20 kU/l indicates that the symptoms are due to intrinsic or infectious disease.