gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plasmonic Manipulation of Color and Morphology of Single Silver Nanospheres (2012)

Optical control of size, shape, or orientation of a metal nanoparticle is important for development of nanoscale optical devices and elements of photonic circuits. Thus far, however, independent control of two or more parameters has not yet been achieved. Here we place a simple spherical Ag nanoparticle on TiO(2) with high refractive index and separate a plasmon mode localized at the Ag-TiO(2) interface from the other mode distributed over the nanoparticle. Selective excitation of each mode gives rise to a corresponding morphological change and selective suppression of the plasmon mode, resulting in multicolor changes of scattering light from orange to red, green, or a dark color.
Use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for quantitative analysis: a comparative study of different detection methods (1987)

The value of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the mid-infrared region for the quantitative analysis of protein-starch mixtures is examined. Attenuated total reflectance, diffuse reflectance and photoacoustic detection are compared. It is concluded that photoacoustic detection is the best method of analysis for protein but that only attenuated total reflectance is of use in wet systems. Diffuse reflectance gave poorly resolved spectra, which severely limited its usefulness.
Efficient representation and analysis of power grids (2008)

Modern deep sub-micron ULSI designs with hundreds of millions of devices require huge grids for power distribution. Such grids, operating with increasingly low-power voltages, are a design limiting factor and accurate analysis of their behavior is of paramount importance as any voltage drops can seriously impact performance or functionality. As power grid models have millions of unknowns, highly optimized special purpose simulation tools are required to handle the time and memory complexity of solving for their dynamic behavior. In this work, we propose a hierarchical matrix representation of the power grid model that is both space and time efficient. With this representation, reduced storage matrix factors are efficiently computed and applied in the analysis at every time-step of the simulation. Results show an almost linear complexity growth, namely O(n loga (n)), for some small constant a, in both space and time, when using this matrix representation. Comparisons of our academic implementation with production-quality code proves this method to be very efficient when dealing with the simulation of large power grid models.
ChemInform Abstract: General Method for the Synthesis of N‐Methyl Amino Acids and N‐Alkyl Amino Esters from O′Donnell′s Schiff Bases. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Choosing a Model and Appropriate Transition Dipole Moments for Time-Dependent Calculations of Intervalence Electronic Transitions (1996)

Intervalence electron transfer spectra in mixed-valence molecules are frequently modeled by an interacting pair of adiabatic potential energy surfaces. The presence or absence of a double minimum in the lower surface is correlated with trapped or delocalized charges, respectively. In the time-dependent picture of the spectroscopy, calculations are conveniently carried out in a diabatic basis. The choice of a diabatic basis for a given adiabatic potential surface is not unique. The appropriateness of a given representation depends on the physical model that is chosen to represent the system. We present three diabatic models that give the same adiabatic potential surface. The first model represents charge transfer between two sites, the second represents a transition between bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals, and the third represents a nonbonding to nonbonding transition. Each of these models gives rise to a different calculated absorption spectrum even though they arise from the same adiabatic picture. A very important consideration after a model is chosen is the selection of the transition dipole moment. We derive and discuss the symmetry of the transition dipole moment for each of the models for the different polarization directions of the incident light and show how the symmetry depends on the choice of the model. Surprisingly, the Condon approximation corresponds to different polarization directions in the different models. We derive the explicit relationships and interconnections between the three models and the adiabatic model.
ChemInform Abstract: UEBER DIE CARBANION‐INVERSION BEI VIER‐, FUENF‐ UND SECHS‐GLIEDRIGEN CYCLISCHEN ORGANOMAGNESIUM‐VERBINDUNGEN (1971)

Abstract In der angegebenen Weise werden die 1,1‐Dimethylcycloalkylbromide (II), (IV), (VIII), (XII) und (XIIIb) hergestellt und die daraus erhältlichen 1,1‐ Dimethyl‐cycloalkylmagnesiumhalogenide′‐werden untersucht.
Partially reflecting sheet arrays (1956)

Multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves between two planes are studied, and the increase in directivity that results by placing a partially reflecting sheet in front of an antenna with a reflecting screen is investigated at a wavelength of 3.2 cm. The construction and performance of various models of such arrays is discussed. Thus, for example, a "reflex-cavity antenna" with an outer diameter of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1.88 \lambda</tex> and an over-all length of only <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.65 \lambda</tex> is described which has half-power beamwidths of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">34\deg</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">41\deg</tex> in the <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">E</tex> and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">H</tex> planes, respectively, and a gain of approximately 14 db. It is shown that larger systems produce considerably greater directivity but that their efficiency is poor.
ChemInform Abstract: Halogenation of Pyridinols Using Bis(sym‐collidine)iodine(I) and Bis( sym‐collidine)bromine(I) hexafluorophosphate. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Long-term responses of women to indole-3-carbinol or a high fiber diet. (1995)

We test the hypothesis that the estrogen metabolite ratio 2-OH-estrone:estriol can be raised via dietary indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and that this higher ratio can be sustained over a 3-month test period. We also explore the possible role of pure fiber on estradiol metabolism. Using a randomized clinical trial with three arms, each containing 20 subjects, arm 1 received 400 mg/day of I3C daily for 3 months, arm 2 received 20 g of alpha-cellulose daily for the same time period as a source of added fiber, and arm 3 received a placebo dose. Blood levels of a variety of biochemical parameters were measured. The urinary 2-OH-estrone:estriol estrogen metabolite ratio was measured monthly at the same time of the menstrual cycle. While no changes were observed in the control and alpha-cellulose-treated arms, a substantial mean increase in the ratio was observed in the I3C-treated arm at month 1; that increase was maintained over the 3-month time period. Three of the 20 subjects in this I3C-treated group differed from the others in that no significant change in the metabolite ratio was observed at any time point. The results suggest that I3C can serve to increase the 2-OH-estrone:estriol metabolite ratio in a sustained manner without detectable side effects and that some individuals may be resistant to such change.
3D object surface generation from range point data for object shape model matching (2003)

The problem here is the 3D object recognition by registering a given 3D point data to stored models. In our research, we generate a smooth and continuous surface from the point set to avoid the resolution difference. In this paper, we describe details of the generation of the surface and the ICP (iterative closest point) matching.
Giant invasive intracerebral dermoid tumor with subependymoma-like reaction (1989)

A large, completely intracerebral, dermoid tumor with extensive outgrowth of appendages into brain tissue caused prominent reactive changes in the surrounding white matter, similar to those seen in a typical subependymoma. This case lends support to the notion that some subependymomas are reactive in etiology.
205. Interaction between carbonyl groups and biologically essential substituents. Part IV. An enzyme model system for cysteine desulphydrase (1962)

F. Bergel, K. R. Harrap and A. M. Scott, J. Chem. Soc., 1962, 1101 DOI: 10.1039/JR9620001101
Screening of Drug Databases (2001)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Methods for virtual screening Ligand similarity-based virtual screening Structure-based virtual screening Practical virtual screening First test scenario: application of fast similarity searching algorithms Library generation Computational details Discussion of screening results Second test scenario: docking as a tool for virtual screening tool Library generation Docking procedure Discussion of docking results Conclusions and outlook
Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease with Anti-Homocysteic Acid Antibody in 3xTg-AD Male Mice (2010)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-associated progressive neurodegenerative disorder with dementia, the exact pathogenic mechanisms of which remain unknown. We previously reported that homocysteic acid (HA) may be one of the pathological biomarkers in the brain with AD and that the increased levels of HA may induce the accumulation of intraneuronal amyloidbeta (Ab) peptides. In this study, we further investigated the pathological role of HA in a mouse model of AD. Four-monthold prepathological 3xTg-AD mice exhibited higher levels of HA in the hippocampus than did age-matched nontransgenic mice, suggesting that HA accumulation may precede both Ab and tau pathologies. We then fed 3-month-old 3xTg-AD mice with vitamin B6-deficient food for 3 weeks to increase the HA levels in the brain. Concomitantly, mice received either saline or anti-HA antibody intraventricularly via a guide cannula every 3 days during the course of the B6-deficient diet. We found that mice that received anti-HA antibody significantly resisted cognitive impairment induced by vitamin B6 deficiency and that AD-related pathological changes in their brains was attenuated compared with the saline-injected control group. A similar neuroprotective effect was observed in 12-month-old 3xTg-AD mice that received anti-HA antibody injections while receiving the regular diet. We conclude that increased brain HA triggers memory impairment and that this condition deteriorates with amyloid and leads to subsequent neurodegeneration in mouse models of AD.
The regulatory role of long-term depression in juvenile and adult mouse ocular dominance plasticity (2011)

The study of experience-dependent ocular dominance (OD) plasticity has greatly contributed to the understanding of visual development. During the critical period, preventing input from one eye results in a significant impairment of vision, and loss of cortical responsivity via the deprived eye. Residual ocular dominance plasticity has recently been observed in adulthood. Accumulating evidence suggests that OD plasticity involves N-methyl-(D)-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term depression (LTD). Here we report that the administration of a selective LTD antagonist prevented the ocular dominance shift during the critical period. The NMDAR co-agonist D-serine facilitated adult visual cortical LTD and the OD shift in short-term monocularly deprived (MD) adult mice. When combined with reverse suture, D-serine proved effective in restoring a contralaterally-dominated visual input pattern in long-term MD mice. This work suggests LTD as a key mechanism in both juvenile and adult ocular dominance plasticity, and D-serine as a potential therapeutic in human amblyopic subjects.
Hyperglycemia and β-Cell Adaptation During Prolonged Somatostatin Infusion with Glucagon Replacement in Man (1983)

To assess the relationship between beta-cell function and the level and duration of hyperglycemia during generalized beta-cell impairment, we studied the effects of acute and prolonged infusion of somatostatin in seven normal men. Twenty minutes after beginning an acute infusion of somatostatin (200 microgram/h) plus glucagon replacement (0.75 ng/kg/min), plasma glucose (PG) remained unchanged, but plasma insulin (IRI) and acute insulin response to isoproterenol had fallen markedly. Seventy minutes after beginning somatostatin-plus-glucagon, a rise in PG was associated with an increase in the acute insulin response to isoproterenol, though not to the control level. In a separate study, after 46 h of the somatostatin-plus-glucagon infusion, at a glucose level similar to the 70-min level, plasma insulin had returned nearly to the control level and the acute insulin response to isoproterenol had returned completely to the control level. Such increases inb basal and stimulated insulin secretion most likely represent a time-dependent adaptation by the beta-cells to the persistent hyperglycemia. First- and second-phase insulin responses to intravenous glucose were markedly inhibited after 46 h of somatostatin-plus-glucagon. In summary, a 46-h infusion of somatostatin with glucagon replacement in humans leads to hyperglycemia, a slightly diminished basal insulin level, markedly decreased insulin responses to glucose, and an insulin response to isoproterenol maintained at a normal level by acute and probably chronic adaptation to the hyperglycemia. We speculate that beta-cell adaptation to hyperglycemia may explain the similar abnormalities of islet function observed in patients with NIDDM.
Studies on polynucleotides. 146. High-pressure liquid chromatography in polynucleotide synthesis (1978)

Reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using columns containing microparticulate materials with bonded octadecyl groups has been developed as a rapid and efficient method for the separation of nucleosides, nucleotides, and, in particular, of protected oligonucleotides which are standard intermediates in the stepwise synthesis of deoxyribopolynucleotides. Reported are extensive studies of the influence of the different purine and pyrimidine bases, of protecting groups, of the phosphate groups, and of the chain lengths of oligonucleotides on their retention on such columns. Further, the application of HPLC in the stepwise synthesis of an oligonucleotide, d(G-G-A-A-G-C-T-T-A-A-C), has been described. The methods, which are herein described, lend themselves to separations on a preparative scale and effect a marked reduction (up to 50%) in the time required for the synthesis of oligonucleotides.
Hepatitis E virus in donor plasma collected in Japan (2016)

Our detection rate of HEV-RNA in donor populations in Japan outside Hokkaido (1/15 075 donations) is generally lower than reported in Europe and lower than previously reported for Hokkaido (1/8173 donations). As methods varied, we cannot exclude that these differences are reflective of differing RNA detection limits. In contrast to Hokkaido where genotype 4 has been reported among blood donations, all our positive donations were genotype 3, which is less pathogenic.
[E-N-trimethyl-lysine: a natural cellular component with mitogenic activity]. (1980)

The blastogenic capacity of a new mitogenic agent, E-N-trimethyl-lysine (TML) was examined on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The results of combined TML-PHA treatment experiments suggested a difference in the trigger mechanism of these two mitogenic compounds.
Fabrication of a novel polypyrrole/poly(methyl methacrylate) coaxial nanocable using mesoporous silica as a nanoreactor (2001)

We report on the fabrication of a polypyrrole/poly(methyl methacrylate) coaxial nanocable through the sequential polymerization of methyl methacrylate and pyrrole monomers inside the channels of mesoporous SBA-15 silica, followed by the removal of the silica template.
THE INFLUENCE OF INITIAL CONDITIONS ON DYNAMICAL PROCESSES IN MOLECULAR SOLIDS (1985)

Recent ideas on the effects of optical preparation on the dynamics of vibrational excitations in solids are presented. A significant effect is predicted [see reference 4]. An understanding of the various contributions to the Raman linewidth in molecular crystals yields values for the vibrational relaxation times of the Raman active modes.
Radiolytic gas production from tritiated water adsorbed on molecular sieve 5A. (1987)

Hydrogen evolution from 60Co γ- and 3H β-irradiated molecular sieve 5A adsorbing HTO was measured. The results showed an additional evolution of H2(HT) gas due to energy transfer from molecular sieve to adsorbed water in both γ- and β-irradiations, and the yield at a given irradiation dose was higher than that from radiolysis of liquid HTO but lower than that in the silica gel-HTO system. The additional yield was formulated as a function of the amount of adsorbed water and irradiation dose. However a large difference in hydrogen yields was observed between γ- and β-irradiations contrary to silica gel-HTO system. A possible reason is considered.
Antagonism of Interleukin-1 (IL-1)-Induced Uveitis with Synthetic IL-1 Blockers (1997)

Because of the discovery of potent interleukin-1 (IL-1) blocking effects by CK-103A (4,6-dihydropyridazino[4,5-c]pyridazin-5 (1H)-ones) on rat uveitis induced by IL-1, numerous derivatives of CK-103A have been synthesized and their efficacies on the same animal model studied. The uveitis was induced by injection of 1 ng IL-1/10 microliters intravitreally. The inflammation reached peak at 12 hr after the injection of IL-1. The prevention/blockade of IL-1-induced uveitis was measured at this peak inflammation time point. It was found that 8 out of 12 CK-analogs studied produced an effective blockade of IL-1-induced uveitis. Most of them were at least equipotent or even more potent than prednisolone in blocking IL-1-induced uveitis. It is concluded that most dihydropyridazinopyridazin derivatives are effective anti-uveitis compounds. Some could be found to be safe and useful for the treatment of this dreadful disease.
Differentiation, Dedifferentiation, and Apoptosis of Smooth Muscle Cells During the Development of the Human Ductus Arteriosus (1997)

Differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) is characterized by several molecular transitions. As differentiation proceeds, proteins of the cytoskeletal and contractile apparatus, such as alpha-smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin, calponin, and heavy caldesmon, and the expression of the membrane-related protein smooth muscle phosphoglucomutase-related protein increase, whereas the expression of other proteins, such as fibronectin splice variants with extradomains A (EDA) and B (EDB), decreases. In this study, we investigated the differentiation of the SMCs of the ductus arteriosus during the development of intimal thickening. Ascending and descending aortas of the same age were used for comparison because these vessels lack intimal thickening. In the fetal ductus arteriosus, a relatively early differentiation of the contractile apparatus was observed compared with the ascending and descending aortas. EDA and EDB expression was already low, being similar in the ductus and descending aorta and even lower in the ascending aorta. In the neonatal ductus, SMCs of the media and outer intima were well differentiated and comparable with SMCs of the ascending aorta. Dedifferentiated SMCs, with a low expression of cytoskeletal and contractile proteins and a high expression of EDA and EDB, were found in regions in the inner intima that show features of progression of intimal thickening and in areas of cytolytic necrosis in the media. With a technique using in situ end labeling of DNA fragments, we found extensive apoptosis in the area of cytolytic necrosis and to a lesser extent in these areas of the inner intima. In conclusion, SMCs of the fetal ductus arteriosus have an advanced differentiation of the contractile apparatus compared with the adjacent aorta. Reexpression of fetal characteristics is seen in a number of cells in inner intima and media of the neonatal ductus arteriosus. The finding of apoptosis in these areas suggests that dedifferentiation and apoptosis are associated processes that may play a role in vascular remodeling.
Carrier-mediated transport through bulk liquid membranes: dependence of transport rates and selectivity on carrier properties in a diffusion-limited process (1985)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarrier-mediated transport through bulk liquid membranes: dependence of transport rates and selectivity on carrier properties in a diffusion-limited processJean Paul Behr, Michele Kirch, and Jean Marie LehnCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 1, 241–246Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1985Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1985https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00287a043https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00287a043research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views544Altmetric-Citations145LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Transient Structure and Radiation Properties of Strongly Radiating Buoyant Flames (1992)

Measurements of instantaneous temperature and soot volume fractions based on absorption and emission in highly buoyant turbulent acetylene/air and propylene/air flames are reported. These measurements are used to predict mean, rms, probability density functions, and power spectral densities of spectral radiation intensities along a representative horizontal chord in the flame. The results show the presence of large quantities of relatively cold soot in the vicinity of smaller amounts of hot soot particles. The resulting inhomogeneity in the temperature of soot in the flame leads to negative cross correlations between temperature and soot volume fractions. The treatment of such correlations was found necessary for predicting the observed probability density functions and the power spectral densities of spectral radiation intensities.
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus and Alcaligenes faecalis Infections in Turkeys (1982)

D. J. Jackwood, Y. M. Saif, P. D. Moorhead, R. N. Dearth, Infectious Bursal Disease Virus and Alcaligenes faecalis Infections in Turkeys, Avian Diseases, Vol. 26, No. 2 (Apr. - Jun., 1982), pp. 365-374