gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Electronic tuning of β-diketiminate ligands with fluorinated substituents: effects on the O<sub>2</sub>-reactivity of mononuclear Cu(<scp>i</scp>) complexes (2006)

Copper(i) complexes with the beta-diketiminate ligands HC{C(R)N(Dipp)}{C(R')N(Dipp)}(-) (Dipp = C(6)H(3)(i)Pr(2-)2,6; L(1), R = CF(3), R' = CH(3); L(2), R = R' = CF(3)) have been isolated and fully characterized. On the basis of X-ray structural comparisons with the previously reported complex LCu(CH(3)CN) (L = HC{C(CH(3))N(Dipp)}(2)(-)), the ligand environments at the copper centers in the analogous nitrile adducts with L(1) and L(2) impose similar steric demands. L(1)Cu(CH(3)CN) reacts instantaneously at low temperature with O(2) to form a thermally-unstable intermediate with an isotope-sensitive vibration at 977 cm(-1) (928 cm(-1) with (18)O(2)), in accord with the peroxo O-O stretch associated with side-on coordination for LCu(O(2)). However, L(2)Cu(CH(3)CN) is unreactive toward O(2) even at room temperature. Evaluation of the redox potentials of the nitrile adducts and the CO stretching frequencies of the carbon monoxide adducts revealed an incremental adjustment of the electronic environment at the copper center that correlated with the extent of ligand fluorination. Furthermore, theoretical calculations (DFT, CASPT2) predicted that an increasing extent of Cu(ii)-superoxo character and end-on coordination of the O(2) moiety in the Cu/O(2) product (L(2) > L(1) > L) are accompanied by increases in the free energy for the oxygenation reaction, with L(2) unable to support a Cu/O(2) intermediate. Calculations also predict the 1 : 1 Cu/O(2) adducts to be unreactive with respect to hydrogen atom abstraction from hydrocarbon substrates on the basis of their stability towards both reduction and protonation.
High-Temperature Liquid Water:  A Viable Medium for Terephthalic Acid Synthesis (2005)

We report new information concerning the effect of oxygen concentration and catalyst concentration and identity [MnBr2, CoBr2, ZrBr4, and Mn(OAc)2] on the partial oxidation of p-xylene in dense water from 250 to 380 degrees C. Water is a more environmentally benign replacementfor the acetic acid solvent used commercially. We used a 440 mL Hastelloy batch reactorfor all experiments and monitored O2 consumption and product (including COx) formation. Increasing the catalyst concentration at 300 degrees C significantly increased terephthalic acid yields. MnBr2 was the most active catalyst of those we assessed. Increasing the initial O2 concentration beyond a modest excess did not significantly alter the terephthalic acid yield, but it increased the CO2 yield. Injecting supplemental 02 midreaction, however, did cause the terephthalic acid yield to increase. The highest terephthalic acid yields (>80%) occurred at 300 degrees C, [p-xylene]0 = 0.02 M, [O2]0 = 0.10 M, [Br] = 0.014 M, and t = 5-15 min. These yields are the highest reported to date from this reaction in high-temperature liquid water. Moreover, under these conditions and t=15 min, COx yields were below 2% and reaction intermediates were not detected.
2,2-Dialkoxy-.DELTA.3-1,3,4-oxadiazolines: convenient thermal sources of dialkoxy carbenes (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT2,2-Dialkoxy-.DELTA.3-1,3,4-oxadiazolines: convenient thermal sources of dialkoxy carbenesManal El-Saidi, Karim Kassam, David L. Pole, Tanya Tadey, and John WarkentinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 22, 8751–8752Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00048a087https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00048a087research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views893Altmetric-Citations92LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design and Implementation of a Horizontal Injector Program for the Benchamas Waterflood - Gulf of Thailand (2001)

Abstract The Benchamas Development in the Gulf of Thailand is an oil play in a predominantly gas-condensate region. This development is unique in that the operator has significant oil reserves of high pour-point crude in several zones. Some zones have gas caps; others don't. Column heights are variable. The project is being developed as a waterflood with horizontal and monobore producers and injectors. The initial phase of horizontal producers were completed with sand exclusion capability, consisting of multilayerd sintered screens. This has so far proved to be effective. The Benchamas Waterflood project is comprised of eight stacked, compartmentalized, sandstone reservoirs. These sandstones are fluvial channels and are discontinuous. The waterflood is designed to maintain oil viscosity and gas cap location to maximize recovery. The economic impact of this waterflood is estimated to increase the recovery from an estimated 12-18% (primary) to 25-35% (secondary) of the OOIP. During the design stage of the waterflood project, simulation indicated that some horizontal injector wells would be required to enable the required injection rates. Three horizontal injectors were therefore planned. The drilling, completion, and clean up of these wells presented the Benchamas Asset Team with a series of unique challenges. Rock mechanics analysis was conducted in the decision process to address the need or lack of need for sand control. Results will be discussed. Drilling fluid and flow back aspects of the wells were carefully examined in order to avoid some of the problems of horizontal injectors drilled in other parts of the world by the company. An extensive literature search revealed that the laboratory work required to adequately address the issues comprehensively had not been done. The company and the fluids vendor collaborated to conduct the laboratory tests that were required to determine the correct combination of fluids and clean up procedures necessary to successfully install these wells. This paper will highlight the unique design challenges presented to the Asset Team, discuss the efforts that were undertaken to address these challenges and the results, and present the field results of the drilling, completion, clean up, and final injection results.
Verrucous Carcinoma of the Larynx: Possible Human Papillomavirus Etiology (1985)

Verrucous carcinoma of the larynx is a distinct and uncommon variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. By DNA hybridization techniques, we clearly demonstrated human papillomavirus (HPV-16-related) sequences in five patients with this neoplasm. In addition, HPV-16-related sequences were found in adjacent normal tissues. The DNAs from squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx were negative when hybridized to HPV-6, -11, or -16. Postirradiation anaplastic transformation of verrucous carcinoma has been described. We believe that radiotherapy should not be given unless the potential consequences are fully explained because of its potential to activate or alter HPV-16-related sequences.
Global Infrastructure: The Potential of SRTM Data to Break New Ground (2001)

The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data set presents a unique opportunity to obtain a global, cloud-transparent instantaneous snapshot of imagery from urban and suburban regions, together with collocated topographic information, which can be used to characterize building types, land use, and other key population variables. The SRTM data set in synergy with other global remote sensing data sets, such as Landsat 7, ASTER and DMSP-OLS nighttime imagery, can be used to derive a number of major (but not ALL) parameters constituting a significant part of the global infrastructure data set consistently at the time period during which the SRTM data set was collected (February 2000). The long-term goal is to create a database of global infrastructure which is useful for a multitude of physical and social scientific and operational applications. The general definition of infrastructure can be quite wide and includes all man-made structures and/or natural structures that are modified for human use. The resulting product will ultimately present a unique resource which can be used as a global reference of the state of the world in the year 2000 for future studies of urbanization, infrastructure, population and land use change.
BIM 형상정보를 이용한 증강현실기반 가시화 사례 (2012)

기존의 건축계획 및 설계과정에서는 건축물 내 외부의 공간감을 확인하기 위해 건물모형을 제작하였으나 건물모형은 비교적 많은 제작 시간과 노력이 들며 건물의 내부 정보를 파악하기에 어려움이 따른다. 이를 보완하기 위해 기존 설계, 계획 과정과 그에 대한 가시화 방법으로써 CAD툴을 사용하여 건물 모형으로는 파악하기 어려운 건물 내부 정보를 가시화 할 수 있었지만, 건물모형에서 확인할 수 있는 부피감을 확인하기에는 부족함이 존재한다. 기본적으로 CAD는 설계에 목적을 두고 만들어진 프로그램이며 일반적인 가시화 환경인 2차원 모니터 화면상에서 3차원 건물을 보여주게 되므로 공간에 대한 인지적 몰입감을 만족시키기에는 부족하다. 본 논문에서는 BIM 형상정보 데이터를 일련의 소프트웨어로 가공하여 증강현실 컨텐츠로 변환하는 과정을 소개한다. 이는 건축계획 및 설계과정에서 형상정보가 수정될 경우 최종 가시화까지 소요되는 비용과 시간을 단축시킬 수 있다. 또한 BIM 형상정보를 증강현실기법을 이용하여 3차원 인지공간에서 가시화함으로써 3차원 건물의 내 외부 공간정보를 분석하기가 용이하다. 또한 건물의 내 외부 정보를 증강현실 환경에서 효과적으로 조작할 수 있도록 건축 요소의 제거, 슬라이스컷 등 다양한 인터랙션을 제안한다. 【In the current construction planning and designing process, an architectural miniature model was designed to verify the interior or exterior spatial sense of a building structure, but building of the miniature model is demand much more effort and time; in addition to this it has limitation to identify interior information of the building. For a complement of it, CAD would be used in the existing planning and designing process to visualize the building information, but its visualization is not satisfactory for the 3D volume which could be easily verified with the miniature model. CAD is the specific software for designing building structures and the 3D results are usually rendered on 2D monitor screen. Therefore, there is a shortage of cognitive immersion for the 3D space. In this paper, we introduce the conversion process of BIM shape data into the Augmented Reality contents by using a series of softwares. As a result of modification on construction plan or design we reduced the cost and time to reconstruct the final visualization. We have shown that the interior or exterior information of the building structures are easily visualized with BIM shape data on augmented reality environment. Several proposed interaction methods, such as rem oval of building components, and slice-cut operation, provide the user for the effective manipulation of models on the augmented reality environment.】
Oeuvres complètes (1969)

Cette nouvelle édition des Oeuvres complètes de Ronsard fera date: la sûreté de son texte, la richesse de son appareil critique et la qualité de ses notes sont en effet bien propres à renouveler la lecture de l'oeuvre du grand Vendômois.Je résiste aux superlatifs auxquels invite un travail d'une telle qualité: 18 mois d'usage du tome I et six mois du tome II m'ont convaincu que cette édition se révélera indispensable aux ronsardisants et qu'elle transformera l'image que nous nous formons d'une oeuvre complexe entre toutes.Elle ne remplace certes pas l'édition monumentale de Paul Laumonier (1914-1975), dont l'utilisation reste de rigueur; au contraire, Jean Céard, Daniel Ménager et Michel Simonin ont expressément conçu leur entreprise dans une perspective complémentaire à cette édition avec laquelle elle forme un diptyque remarquablement fécond.Laumonier, on s' en souvient, a publié en ordre chronologique le iQxiQprinceps des poèmes de Ronsard et relevé leurs variantes successives, donnant ainsi à suivre la genèse et l'évolution d'une poésie qui ne cesse de se métamorphoser; les éditeurs de La Pléiade, qui reproduisent les Oeuvres de 1584, invitent à en lire le monument achevé tel que Ronsard avait souhaité qu'il fût transmis à la postérité.La
Expression of Ets-1 transcription factor is correlated with penetrating tumor progression in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (2000)

The authors propose that Ets-1 plays an important role in penetrating tumor progression, even very early in the invasive process (especially in the case of infiltrative invasive type tumors) at the deep margin areas of invasive sites in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
EBUS and EUS guided fine needle aspirations for molecular diagnostic analysis in lung cancer (2012)

In daily clinical practice the diagnosis of lung cancer is often based on cytological specimens. These cytological samples are increasingly obtained by ultrasound-guided techniques with fine needle aspirations. Recent developments have shown that transesophageal ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial fine needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) are minimally invasive diagnostic and staging procedures that have shown to be highly sensitive and accurate. Although several studies have shown that these cytological samples allow for reliable diagnosis and sub classification of non-small cell lung cancer, cytological samples for molecular analysis are not yet routinely used. In this paper we review the current literature regarding the results of molecular analysis of samples obtained by EUS-FNA and/or EBUS-TBNA, focusing on the targets for currently available treatments of non-small cell lung cancer like epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Kirsten rat sarcoma oncogene (KRAS) and Echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 gene anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene translocation (EML4-ALK). We conclude that the cytological samples obtained by endosonography guided fine needle aspirations (EUS and EBUS) are highly accurate for molecular analysis. This analysis can be performed reliably in the vast majority of patients in daily practice.
Industrial symbiosis: Corn ethanol fermentation, hydrothermal carbonization, and anaerobic digestion (2013)

The production of dry-grind corn ethanol results in the generation of intermediate products, thin and whole stillage, which require energy-intensive downstream processing for conversion into commercial animal feed products. Hydrothermal carbonization of thin and whole stillage coupled with anaerobic digestion was investigated as alternative processing methods that could benefit the industry. By substantially eliminating evaporation of water, reductions in downstream energy consumption from 65% to 73% were achieved while generating hydrochar, fatty acids, treated process water, and biogas co-products providing new opportunities for the industry. Processing whole stillage in this manner produced the four co-products, eliminated centrifugation and evaporation, and substantially reduced drying. With thin stillage, all four co-products were again produced, as well as a high quality animal feed. Anaerobic digestion of the aqueous product stream from the hydrothermal carbonization of thin stillage reduced chemical oxygen demand (COD) by more than 90% and converted 83% of the initial COD to methane. Internal use of this biogas could entirely fuel the HTC process and reduce overall natural gas usage.
Silicon Halide-Alkali Metal Flames as a Source of Solar Grade Silicon (1979)

A program is presented which was aimed at determining the feasibility of using high temperature reactions of alkali metals and silicon halides to produce low cost solar-grade silicon. Experiments are being conducted to evaluate product separation and collection processes, measure heat release parameters for scaling purposes, and determine the effects of the reactants and/or products on materials of reactor construction. During the current reporting period, the results of heat release experiments were used to design and construct a new type of thick-wall graphite reactor to produce larger quantities of silicon. A reactor test facility was constructed. Material compatibility tests were performed for Na in contact with graphite and several coated graphites. All samples were rapidly degraded at T = 1200K, while samples retained structural strength at 1700K. Pyrolytic graphite coatings cracked and separated from substances in all cases.
Solid-Core Probe Hydrophone (1964)

Analysis and experiment have shown that the sensitivity of small probe hydrophones using a ceramic tube as the active element can be substantially improved by properly proportioning the cylinder and mounting it on a solid metallic core. The solid core raises the resonance frequency of the hydrophone by more than an octave, thereby extending also the frequency range of uniform response.
Sexual Activities and Attitudes of Women With Vulvar Dysesthesia (2003)

In Brief OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between sexual activities and attitudes of women with and without vulvar dysesthesia. METHODS Women with vulvar dysesthesia, 18–60 years old, and ethnically matched women without this disorder were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, completed a 27-page questionnaire, and had a physical examination. We compared sexual activities and attitudes between patients and controls using univariate and multivariable analyses. RESULTS Between January 21, 2001, and December 12, 2002, we enrolled 63 women with vulvar dysesthesia and 62 controls who reported having a current sexual partner. Women with vulvar dysesthesia were less likely than controls to have had, during the previous month, intercourse (66.7% versus 83.9%, P = .03) and orgasms (57.6% versus 78.7%, P = .02), although the association with intercourse was no longer statistically significant after controlling for age, education, and smoking status (P = .07). Of those having had intercourse in the past month, the frequency of this activity was less among patients (3.0 ± 2.7 versus 6.2 ± 4.5 episodes, P < .001). Frequencies of orgasms, fellatio, cunnilingus, and masturbation did not significantly differ between patients and controls. Patients rated sex less important and rated themselves more negatively as sexual people than did controls (P < .001). CONCLUSION Women with vulvar dysesthesia are similar to those without in many sexual activities but are less likely to have had an orgasm in the past month or to have had intercourse at the same frequency as controls. Although some attitudes were similar, sexual interest and self-concept were decreased among those with this disorder Sexual activities and attitudes of women with vulvar dysesthesia were compared with those of women without vulvar pain, with differences and similarities identified.
Sildenafil increases chemotherapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin in prostate cancer and ameliorates cardiac dysfunction (2010)

We have shown that the potent phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor sildenafil (Viagra) induces a powerful effect on reduction of infarct size following ischemia/reperfusion injury and improvement of left ventricular dysfunction in the failing heart after myocardial infarction or doxorubicin (DOX) treatment. In the present study, we further investigated the potential effects of sildenafil on improving antitumor efficacy of DOX in prostate cancer. Cotreatment with sildenafil enhanced DOX-induced apoptosis in PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells, which was mediated by enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species, up-regulation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities, reduced expression of Bcl-xL, and phosphorylation of Bad. Overexpression of Bcl-xL or dominant negative caspase 9 attenuated the synergistic effect of sildenafil and DOX on prostate cancer cell killing. Furthermore, treatment with sildenafil and DOX in mice bearing prostate tumor xenografts resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth. The reduced tumor size was associated with amplified apoptotic cell death and increased expression of activated caspase 3. Doppler echocardiography showed that sildenafil treatment ameliorated DOX-induced left ventricular dysfunction. In conclusion, these results provide provocative evidence that sildenafil is both a powerful sensitizer of DOX-induced killing of prostate cancer while providing concurrent cardioprotective benefit.
Finding and understanding bugs in software model checkers (2019)

Software Model Checking (SMC) is a well-known automatic program verification technique and frequently adopted for checking safety-critical software. Thus, the reliability of SMC tools themselves (i.e., software model checkers) is critical. However, little work exists on validating software model checkers, an important problem that this paper tackles by introducing a practical, automated fuzzing technique. For its simplicity and generality, we focus on control-flow reachability (e.g., whether or how many times a branch is reached) and address two specific challenges for effective fuzzing: oracle and scalability. Given a deterministic program, we (1) leverage its concrete executions to synthesize valid branch reachability properties (thus solving the oracle problem) and (2) fuse such individual properties into a single safety property (thus improving the scalability of fuzzing and reducing manual inspection). We have realized our approach as the MCFuzz tool and applied it to extensively test three state-of-the-art C software model checkers, CPAchecker, CBMC, and SeaHorn. MCFuzz has found 62 unique bugs in all three model checkers -- 58 have been confirmed, and 20 have been fixed. We have further analyzed and categorized these bugs (which are diverse), and summarized several lessons for building reliable and robust model checkers. Our testing effort has been well-appreciated by the model checker developers, and also led to improved tool usability and documentation.
Concept and Relization of Intelligent Medical Assistance System for Operation of the Active Catheter. (1995)

Recently, the catheter has been down-sized and has become functional, and it has begun to be used for practical medical operations. Nowadays intravascular neurosurgery using the catheter is carried out for an aneurysm or cerebral thrombosis. However, it is quite difficult to select the direction at a divergence point because brain blood vessels are narrow and complex. For this reason, an active catheter whose tip can be actuated by a microactuator is studied and developed. Even if the active catheter is realized, its control is very difficult. Therefore we investigate an assistance system for the doctor operating the active catheter. In this paper, we propose the concept of an intelligent medical assistance system for operation of the active catheter. To realize this medical assistance system, we built a prototype of a virtual simulator system consisting of an active joystick, which has force feedback capability, and a 3D-computer graphics display. Using this simulator system, we evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed visual and operation assistance methods through extensive experiments.
ChemInform Abstract: ortho‐Hydroxyl Assisted Deoxygenation of Phenones. Regiochemical Control in the Synthesis of Monoprotected Resorcinols and Related Polyphenolic Hydroxyl Systems. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.