gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multistable corrugated shells (2008)

We have been constructing and investigating multistable corrugated shell structures. The multistability arises from the interaction between internal prestresses created during forming and nonlinear geometrical changes during deformation. Using a simplified analytical elastic model, we homogenize the properties of the shells through simultaneously considering the material on two scales: the ‘local’ scale of the isotropic material; and the ‘global’ scale of the corrugated sheet, which is then modelled as an equivalent flat sheet with anisotropic properties. This model is applied to simulate two modes of bistability observed in prototypes: first, prestressed corrugated shells that, when buckled, can coil up into a tube repeatably and reversibly; and second, corrugated sheets with a symmetry-breaking ‘twisting’ curvature. The model gives an intuitive understanding of the behaviour, and has enabled us to understand forming processes that give the behaviour we wish, including tristable shells that combine both bistable modes.
Electrospinning of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/acrylic acid aqueous solutions (2006)

Abstract Chitosan bicomponent fibers were prepared via the electrospinning of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/acrylic acid aqueous solutions with different concentrations. With a 4% acrylic acid aqueous solution, when the chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) mass ratios were lower than 80/20, electrospinning nanofibers could be obtained. With a 90% acrylic acid aqueous solution, when the chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) mass ratios were less than 95/5, good nanofibers could be electrospun. The average diameter of the nanofibers gradually decreased, and its distribution became narrower as the poly(vinyl alcohol) concentration increased. Chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/acrylic acid aqueous solutions could be electrospun at various concentrations by the adjustment of the chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) concentrations. The effects of the viscosity and conductivity of the blend solution on the morphologies of the fiber mats were also investigated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5692–5697, 2006
Geothermal Research and Development Program (1993)

Results are reported on adsorption of water vapor on reservoir rocks, physics of injection of water into vapor-dominated geothermal reservoirs, earth-tide effects on downhole pressures, injection optimization at the Geysers, effects of salinity in adsorption experiments, interpreting multiwell pressure data from Ohaaki, and estimation of adsorption parameters from transient experiments.
Reseña de "Seguridad urbana y policía en Colombia" de Pablo Casas Dupuy, Ángela Rivas Gamboa, Paola González Cepero y Hugo Acero Velásquez (2009)

Americanae nace como un proyecto conjunto que surge dentro de la Red Europea de Información y Documentación sobre América Latina (REDIAL), y que ha afrontado la Biblioteca de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Esta nueva biblioteca virtual hace más accesibles los libros digitales de tema americanista a los investigadores y usuarios interesados de cualquier parte del mundo.
Micromixing Characteristics in a Small‐Scale Spinning Disk Reactor (2012)

Abstract Thin films formed under high acceleration fields in a spinning disk reactor (SDR) are characterized by high shear rates and intense surface ripples which are known to play an important role in improving the selectivity, yield, and final product quality in many mixing‐dependent processes. The micromixing efficiency of a small‐scale SDR of 10 cm disk diameter for a range of hydrodynamic conditions by means of the iodide‐iodate test reaction is determined. Under optimized conditions, the SDR exhibits a better micromixing performance than the mechanically stirred vessel and other continuous intensified reactors, such as the rotating packed bed, when processing water‐like fluids at the highest investigated flow rate of 5 mL s –1 . These results highlight the potential of the SDR as an alternative intensified mixer/reactor for processes where a high degree of mixing is desirable.
Distributed conditional computation (2014)

L'objectif de cette thèse est de présenter différentes applications du programme de recherche de calcul conditionnel distribué. On espère que ces applications, ainsi que la théorie présentée ici, mènera à une solution générale du problème d'intelligence artificielle, en particulier en ce qui a trait à la nécessité d'efficience. La vision du calcul conditionnel distribué consiste à accélérer l'évaluation et l'entraînement de modèles profonds, ce qui est très différent de l'objectif usuel d'améliorer sa capacité de généralisation et d'optimisation. Le travail présenté ici a des liens étroits avec les modèles de type mélange d'experts. Dans le chapitre 2, nous présentons un nouvel algorithme d'apprentissage profond qui utilise une forme simple d'apprentissage par renforcement sur un modèle d'arbre de décisions à base de réseau de neurones. Nous démontrons la nécessité d'une contrainte d'équilibre pour maintenir la distribution d'exemples aux experts uniforme et empêcher les monopoles. Pour rendre le calcul efficient, l'entrainement et l'évaluation sont contraints à être éparse en utilisant un routeur échantillonnant des experts d'une distribution multinomiale étant donné un exemple. Dans le chapitre 3, nous présentons un nouveau modèle profond constitué d'une représentation éparse divisée en segments d'experts. Un modèle de langue à base de réseau de neurones est construit à partir des transformations éparses entre ces segments. L'opération éparse par bloc est implémentée pour utilisation sur des cartes graphiques. Sa vitesse est comparée à deux opérations denses du même calibre pour démontrer le gain réel de calcul qui peut être obtenu. Un modèle profond utilisant des opérations éparses contrôlées par un routeur distinct des experts est entraîné sur un ensemble de données d'un milliard de mots. Un nouvel algorithme de partitionnement de données est appliqué sur un ensemble de mots pour hiérarchiser la couche de sortie d'un modèle de langage, la rendant ainsi beaucoup plus efficiente. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse est au centre de la vision de calcul conditionnel distribué émis par Yoshua Bengio. Elle tente d'appliquer la recherche dans le domaine des mélanges d'experts aux modèles profonds pour améliorer leur vitesse ainsi que leur capacité d'optimisation. Nous croyons que la théorie et les expériences de cette thèse sont une étape importante sur la voie du calcul conditionnel distribué car elle cadre bien le problème, surtout en ce qui concerne la compétitivité des systèmes d'experts.
Expert consensus document on ?-adrenergic receptor blockersThe Task Force on Beta-Blockers of the European Society of Cardiology (2004)

Guidelines and Expert Consensus documents aim to present all the relevant evidence on a particular issue in order to help physicians to weigh the benefits and risks of a particular diagnostic or therapeutic procedure.They should be helpful in everyday clinical decisionmaking.A great number of Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documents have been issued in recent years by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and by different organisations and other related societies.This profusion can put at stake the authority and validity of guidelines, which can only be guaranteed if they have been developed by an unquestionable decision-making process.This is one of the reasons why the ESC and others have issued recommendations for formulating and issuing Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documents.In spite of the fact that standards for issuing good quality Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documents are well defined, recent surveys of Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documents published in peer-reviewed journals between 1985 and 1998 have shown that methodological standards were not complied with in the vast majority of cases.It is therefore of great importance that guidelines and recommendations are presented in formats that are easily interpreted.Subsequently, their implementation programmes must also be well conducted.The ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) supervises and coordinates the preparation of new Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documents produced by Task Forces, expert groups or consensus panels.The chosen experts in these writing panels are asked to provide disclosure statements of all relationships they may have which might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest.These disclosure forms are kept on file at the European Heart House, headquarters of the ESC.The Committee is also responsible for the endorsement of these Guidelines and Expert Consensus Documents or statements.The Task Force has classified and ranked the usefulness or efficacy of the recommended procedure and/or treatment and the Level of Evidence as indicated in the tables below: Classes of Recommendations*Use of Class III is discouraged by the ESC.
A Hierarchical Method for Determining the Number of Clusters (2008)

确定数据集的聚类数目是聚类分析中一项基础性的难题.常用的trail-and-error方法通常依赖于特定的聚类算法,且在大型数据集上计算效率欠佳.提出一种基于层次思想的计算方法,不需要对数据集进行反复聚类,它首先扫描数据集获得CF(clustering feature,聚类特征)统计值,然后自底向上地生成不同层次的数据集划分,增量地构建一条关于不同层次划分的聚类质量曲线;曲线极值点所对应的划分用于估计最佳的聚类数目.另外,还提出一种新的聚类有效性指标用于衡量不同划分的聚类质量.该指标着重于簇的几何结构且独
Storage utilization in a memory hierarchy when storage assignment is performed by a hashing algorithm (1971)

The utilization of storage is studied in a two-level memory hierarchy. The first storage level, which is the fast store, is divided into a number of storage areas. When an entry is to be filed in the hierarchy, a hashing algorithm will attempt to place the entry into one of these areas. If this particular area is full, then the entry will be placed into the slower second-level store, even though other areas in the first-level store may have space available. Given that N entries have been filed in the entire hierarchy, an expression is derived for the expected number of entries filed in the first-level store. This expression gives a measure of how effectively the first-level store is being used. By means of examples, storage utilization is then studied as a function of the hashing algorithm, the number of storage areas into which the first-level store is divided and the total size of the first-level store.
Infrared Transmitting Glasses (1985)

The basic principles used to design infrared transmitting glasses are briefly explained. The composition and properties of oxide, halide, and nonoxide chalcogenide glasses show the utility and limitations of these materials for infrared applications. In general, glass systems with an infrared absorption edge at longer wavelengths have smaller compositional areas of glass formation, and the glasses have poorer physical and chemical properties.
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> second‐line rescue therapy with levofloxacin‐ and bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy, after failure of standard triple or non‐bismuth quadruple treatments (2015)

Fourteen-day bismuth- and levofloxacin-containing quadruple therapy is an effective (≥90% cure rate), simple and safe second-line strategy in patients whose previous standard triple or non-bismuth quadruple (sequential or concomitant) therapies have failed.
Status Epilepticus Increases the Intracellular Accumulation of GABAA Receptors (2005)

Status epilepticus is a neurological emergency that results in mortality and neurological morbidity. It has been postulated that the reduction of inhibitory transmission during status epilepticus results from a rapid modification of GABA(A) receptors. However, the mechanism(s) that contributes to this modification has not been elucidated. We report, using an in vitro model of status epilepticus combined with electrophysiological and cellular imaging techniques, that prolonged epileptiform bursting results in a reduction of GABA-mediated synaptic inhibition. Furthermore, we found that constitutive internalization of GABA(A) receptors is rapid and accelerated by the increased neuronal activity associated with seizures. Inhibition of neuronal activity reduced the rate of internalization. These findings suggest that the rate of GABA(A) receptor internalization is regulated by neuronal activity and its acceleration contributes to the reduction of inhibitory transmission observed during prolonged seizures.
Facial Expression Recognition using Hybrid Texture Features based Ensemble Classifier (2017)

Communication is fundamental to humans. In the literature, it has been shown through many scientific research studies that human communication ranges from 54 to 94 percent is non-verbal. Facial expressions are the most of the important part of the non-verbal communication and it is the most promising way for people to communicate their feelings and emotions to represent their intentions. Pervasive computing and ambient intelligence is required to develop human-centered systems that actively react to complex human communication happening naturally. Therefore, Facial Expression Recognition (FER) system is required that can be used for such type of problem. In this paper, FER system has been proposed by using hybrid texture features to predict the expressions of human. Existing FER system has a problem that these systems show discrepancies in different cultures and ethnicities. Proposed systems also solve this type of problem by using hybrid texture features which are invariant to scale as well as rotate. For texture features, Gabor LBP (GLBP) features have been used to classify expressions by using Random Forest Classifier. Experimentation has been performed on different facial databases that demonstrate promising results.
Video System with Properties of Binocular and Motor Vision (1991)

We developed a video system with properties of binocular vision and motor vision, that is designed following the specification of appropriate position arrangement of cameras and CRT display.The property of binocular vision is realized in the system by means of a pair of video cameras and a pair of liquid crystals. The directions of two cameras are set in appropriate way. Two images from video cameras-one is for right eye and the other for left eye-are displayed alternately on CRT display which viewers observe through synchronous optical shutters.The property of motor vision is realized by means of supersonic sensors and a single dimensional camera-shifting mechanism with stepping-motor. Supersonic generating element is attached on the viewer's head and the supersonic wave from it is received by a pair of receiving elements attached on the top of CRT display. From the phase difference of two waves, the right-left motion of viewer's head is computed, which specifies the corresponding shifting of two video cameras.We introduced the mapping from the space of real scene to the space of display image to discuss the geometric distortion of 3-D image constructed by binocular and motor properties. And we show qualitatively that the distortion is reduced, in our method, by means of appropriate position arrangement and shift mechanism of video cameras.In our trial system, the motion of viewer is assumed to be right-left only. But the system can be extended simply for also up-down motion and forward-backward motion. In order to treat the latter motion, auto-zoom mechanism is required in cameras.
Antigenic Site Variation in the Hemagglutinin of Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses between 2009–2017 in Ukraine (2019)

The hemagglutinin (HA) is a major influenza virus antigen, which, once recognized by antibodies and substitutions in HA genes, helps virus in escaping the human immune response. It is therefore critical to perform genetic and phylogenetic analysis of HA in circulating influenza viruses. We performed phylogenetic and genetic analysis of isolates from Ukraine, the vaccine strain and reference strains were used to phylogenetically identify trends in mutation locations and substitutions. Ukrainian isolates were collected between 2009-2017 and clustered in the influenza genetic groups 2, 6, 7, and 8. Genetic changes were observed in each of the antigenic sites: Sa - S162T, K163Q, K163I; Sb - S185T, A186T, S190G, S190R; Ca1 - S203T, R205K, E235V, E235D, S236P; Ca2 - P137H, H138R, A141T, D222G, D222N; Cb - A73S, S74R, S74N. In spite of detected mutations in antigenic sites, Ukrainian isolates retained similarity to the vaccine strain A/California/07/09 circulated during 2009-2017. However, WHO recommended a new vaccine strain A/Michigan/45/2015 for the Southern Hemisphere after the emergence of the new genetic groups 6B.1 and 6B.2. Our study demonstrated genetic variability of HA protein of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses isolated in 2009-2017 in Ukraine. Influenza surveillance is very important for understanding epidemiological situations.
An Efficient Capacity Allocation Scheme of Periodic Polling Services for a Multimedia Traffic in an IEEE802.16 System (2006)

In this paper, we consider a capacity allocation scheme of periodic polling services for a multimedia traffic in an IEEE 802.16 system. In the scheme of our interest, a base station assigns a subscriber station contiguous M uplink subframes for uplink traffic transmission and v vacation frames for saving power and opportunities for other subscriber stations. Among M uplink subframes, the subscriber station returns its remaining frames, when its queue is empty. The returned bandwidth will then be allocated to other subscriber stations. We carry out an analysis on this queueing system, by using a generating function approach. The performance of the proposed capacity allocation scheme is presented in terms of the first moment of queue length, the mean vacation and transmission period. We also compare its performance with that of a deterministic capacity allocation scheme, in which allocated bandwidth would not be returned
Coordinated transport of phosphorylated amyloid-β precursor protein and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase–interacting protein-1 (2005)

The transmembrane protein amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) and the vesicle-associated protein c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase-interacting protein-1 (JIP-1) are transported into axons by kinesin-1. Both proteins may bind to kinesin-1 directly and can be transported separately. Because JIP-1 and APP can interact, kinesin-1 may recruit them as a complex, enabling their cotransport. In this study, we tested whether APP and JIP-1 are transported together or separately on different vesicles. We found that, within the cellular context, JIP-1 preferentially interacts with Thr(668)-phosphorylated APP (pAPP), compared with nonphosphorylated APP. In neurons, JIP-1 colocalizes with vesicles containing pAPP and is excluded from those containing nonphosphorylated APP. The accumulation of JIP-1 and pAPP in neurites requires kinesin-1, and the expression of a phosphomimetic APP mutant increases JIP-1 transport. Down-regulation of JIP-1 by small interfering RNA specifically impairs transport of pAPP, with no effect on the trafficking of nonphosphorylated APP. These results indicate that the phosphorylation of APP regulates the formation of a pAPP-JIP-1 complex that accumulates in neurites independent of nonphosphorylated APP.
Elementary Linear Circuit Analysis (1981)

1: Basic Elements and Laws. 2: Circuit Analysis Techniques. 3: Important Circuit Concepts. 4: Energy-Storage Elements. 5: First-Order Circuits. 6: Second-Order Circuits. 7: Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis. 8: Sinusoidal Analysis. 9: Power. 10: Important AC Concepts. 11: The Laplace Transforms. 12: Two-Port Networks. 13: Fourier Series. Appendices:. A. Matrices and Determinants. B. SPICE
Accounting Ethics: A Reluctant Progression Forward (2009)

Ethics is a discipline that encompasses the moral duties and obligations of individuals as they deal with what is good and bad, and as such, it is the backbone of a civilized society. This paper takes an in-depth look at the philosophical foundations of ethics, especially accounting ethics, and offers proposals to improve ethical oversight and behavior.
Molecular cloning and expression of the human melanocyte stimulating receptor cDNA (1996)

Three errors have been noticed in the nucleotide sequence reported in Fig. 2. Nucleotide G at position 487, C at position 489 and G at position 490 should be replaced by A, G and C, respectively.These changes in nucleotides result in a change in the amino acid sequence from Arg-Arg-Arg-Val to Arg-Gln-Ala-Val.The corrected sequence corresponding to nucleotide number 456 to 589 of the coding sequence as read out from the ALF nucleotide sequencer can be seen below in the corrected Fig. 2.
Microfluidic device for continuous magnetophoretic separation of red blood cells (2008)

This paper presents a microfluidic device for magnetophoretic separation red blood cells from blood under continuous flow. The separation method consist of continuous flow of a blood sample (diluted in PBS) through a microfluidic channel which presents on the bottom ldquodotsrdquo of ferromagnetic layer. By applying a magnetic field perpendicular on the flowing direction, the ferromagnetic ldquodotsrdquo generate a gradient of magnetic field which amplifies the magnetic force. As a result, the red blood cells are captured on the bottom of the microfluidic channel while the rest of the blood is collected at the outlet. Experimental results show that an average of 95 % of red blood cells is trapped in the device.
Hydrazine und Azoverbindungen aus Diamiden der Schwefelsäure (1968)

Abstract Diamide der Schwefelsäure mit mindestens zwei N ‐ständigen H‐Atomen ( 1 bzw. 13 ) reagieren mit alkalischem Hypochlorit zu Hydrazin‐Derivaten ( 5 , Tab. 1, bzw. 16 , Tab. 3). Die Reaktion verläuft intramolekular über instabile S ‐N ‐N‐Dreiringe (z. B . 3 , 24 ). N . N ′‐Disubstituierte Sulfamide ( 1 ) liefern mit Überschüssigem Hypochlorit Azoverbindungen (6, Tab. 1 ) in guten Ausbeuten. ‐ N ‐Methoxy‐sulfamide lassen sich in alkalischer Lösung ebenfalls einer intramolekularen Aminierungsreaktion unterwerfen, bei der eine N ‐N‐Bindung geknöpft wird (z. B . 27 → 24 → 25 ).
Novel, technique for sensing inductor current and DC output current of PWM DC-DC converter (2003)

A method of sensing inductor and DC output currents of a pulse-with-modulated (PWM) converter is presented. By sensing the currents in the transistors, rectifiers, and capacitors of the converter using current transformers and adding the sensed outputs appropriately, the waveforms of the inductor and DC output currents can be reconstructed accurately with isolation. This method offers the advantages of high bandwidth, clean waveforms at high frequency, practically zero power dissipation, and a simple circuit. This technique is applicable to all PWM power converters in both continuous and discontinuous mode, and is most valuable for the implementation of hysteretic current mode control, PWM conductance control, and output current feedforward. This approach has been experimentally verified for a wide range of current levels, duty cycles, and switching frequencies up to 1.4 MHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>