gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A novel multi-mode interferometer system (2002)

In this paper we consider a new interferometer comprising wideband multi-mode antenna elements rather than conventional antenna elements. As a result, the phase ambiguities associated with the long baselines of the interferometer are resolved using the angle estimates provided by the multi-mode elements. This results in the elimination of the short baseline interferometers of the conventional five-element interferometer; the hybrid multimode interferometer needs only three elements. In addition, since the multi-mode elements are wide band, the hybrid multi-mode interferometer is capable of giving good performance over a wide bandwidth.
Microfabricated SrTiO3 ridge waveguides (2005)

We report the microfabrication and characterization of SrTiO3∕SiO2∕Si ridge waveguides. SrTiO3 films are very attractive for optical integrated systems as they present a high transparency in the visible and infrared wavelength range as well as a relatively high refractive index. In this work, SrTiO3 films were grown by means of a reactive pulsed-laser-deposition technique and patterned using UV photolithography and high-density plasma etching. Propagation and loss characteristics at the telecommunication wavelength of 1.55μm were investigated using top-view scattering and Fabry-Perot resonance methods. For specific ridge widths, we obtained single-mode propagation with relatively low losses (∼1.5dB∕cm), thereby demonstrating the strong potential of SrTiO3 films for guided-wave components for advanced optical integrated systems.
High frequency of CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursors specific for herpes simplex viruses in persons with genital herpes (1996)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) have rarely been detected in humans, presumably because of virus-induced mechanisms that downregulate major histocompatibility complex class I expression. We have developed a method that has allowed us to consistently demonstrate HSV-specific CD8+ precursor CTL (pCTL) from HSV type 1- and 2-seropositive persons. Major histocompatibility complex-restricted HSV-specific CD8+ pCTL were found in 10 consecutively tested HSV type 1- and 2-seropositive subjects at frequencies ranging from 1 in 21,000 to 1 in 300 (median, 1 in 6,000) versus a pCTL frequency of 1 in 100,000 in HSV-seronegative donors. These results suggest that CD8+ CTL are important effector cells in resolving HSV lesions.
Experimental demonstration of epsilon-near-zero water waves focusing (2015)

We explore an ϵ-near-zero analogue for water waves using deep water and shallow water domains to obtain different phase velocities. Being inherently non linear, water waves permit to inspect focusing of harmonically generated waves. Experimental measurements show cascade of focal spots up to the fourth harmonic, allowing sub wavelength focusing with respect to the first harmonic wavelength.
Molecular cloning and sequencing of the  -isopropylmalate dehydrogenase gene from the cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis (1992)

The gene for beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.85) of Spirulina platensis (leuB) was cloned from a lambda EMBL3 genomic library by heterologous hybridization using the Nostoc UCD 7801 leuB gene as a probe. The sequence of the entire leuB coding region was determined as well as 645 bp of 5' flanking region and 956 bp of 3' flanking region. DNA sequencing revealed an open reading frame of 1065 nucleotides capable of encoding a polypeptide of 355 amino acids. Homologies between the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the S. platensis leuB gene and the amino acid sequences published for corresponding proteins either from bacteria or yeasts are 45% or more. Northern hybridization analysis indicated that the S. platensis leuB gene is transcribed as a single monocistronic RNA of approximately 1200 bases.
Wall-layer model for the velocity profile in turbulent flows (1989)

In the calculation of turbulent flows near walls, a substantial amount of mesh points and computational effort is required to adequately resolve the intense velocity profile variations in the near-wall region. In this study, a profile approximation is obtained for the mean velocity that is based upon consideration of the coherent structure of the time-dependent wall-layer flow. The profile approximation is an analytical formula that satisfies all of the required compatibility conditions at the wall and the logarithmic behavior at the edge of the wall layer. A general method for utilizing the present wall-layer profile model in a prediction method is indicated.
Biologically inactive growth hormone caused by an amino acid substitution. (1997)

Short stature caused by biologically inactive growth hormone (GH) is characterized by lack of GH action despite high immunoassayable GH levels in serum and marked catch-up growth to exogenous GH administration. We found a heterozygous single-base substitution (A-->G) in exon 4 of the GH-1 gene of a girl with short stature, clinically suspected to indicate the presence of bioinactive GH and resulting in the substitution of glycine for aspartic acid at codon 112. We confirmed the presence of mutant GH in the serum using isoelectric focusing analysis. The locus of mutation D112G was found within site 2 of the GH molecule in binding with GH receptor (GHR)/GH binding protein (GHBP). The expressed recombinant mutant GH tended to form a 1:1 instead of the 1:2 GH-GHBP complex normally produced by wild-type GH. The formation of a 1:2 GH-GHBP complex is compatible with the dimerization of GHRs by GH, a crucial step in GH signal transduction. Mutant GH was less potent than wild-type GH not only in phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in GHR, janus kinase 2 (JAK2), and signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) in IM-9 cells, but also in metabolic responses of BaF/GM cells, a stable clone transfected with cDNA of the chimera of the extracellular domain of human GHR, the transmembrane and the cytoplasmic domain of the human thrombopoietin receptor. These results indicate that the D112G mutation in the GH-1 gene causes production of bioinactive GH, which prevents dimerization of GHR and is therefore responsible for the patient's short stature.
Association between fibrillin-1 gene exon 15 and 27 polymorphisms and risk of mitral valve prolapse. (2003)

Patients with MVP have higher frequencies of FBN1 exon 15 TT and exon 27 GG genotypes, which supports a role of the FBN1 exon 15 and 27 polymorphisms in determining the risk of MVP among the Chinese population in Taiwan.
Medications Associated with Probable Medication Overuse Headache Reported in a Tertiary Care Headache Center Over a 15‐Year Period (2006)

While overuse of acute medications remains an important problem in the tertiary care arena, the substances associated with the overuse have dramatically changed over the past 15 years. Educational initiatives should emphasize that the newer specific acute migraine medications (triptans) may also be associated with PMOH.
Significance of a new fluorodeoxyglucose-positive lesion on restaging positron emission tomography/computed tomography after induction therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (2011)

New solitary FDG-positive lesions on restaging PET/CT after induction chemotherapy for NSCLC are not rare in good responders to chemotherapy. In our experience, all these lesions were not associated with malignancy.
SOLITARY PLASMOCYTOMA OF THE SPLEEN WITH MARKED POLYCLONAL INCREASE OF GAMMA G, NORMALIZED AFTER SPLENECTOMY (1970)

Abstract. A routine medical examination revealed a markedly increased ESR in a 40‐year‐old man. Further studies showed an enlarged spleen and a marked polyclonal increase of serum globulins. Splenectomy was performed, revealing a solitary plasmocytoma which weighed 1 kg. In the course of the first six weeks following splenectomy the serum proteins became practically normalized.
An improved inter-relay cooperation scheme for distributed relaying networks (2012)

We consider a two-hop distributed relaying network using orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBC), where several relays using Decode-Forward (DF) support the transmission from one source to one destination. In order to mitigate the impact of error propagation for DF, an inter-relay cooperation (IRC) scheme allowing message exchanges among the relays was presented in our previous work based on punctured channel codes. Specifically, one of the relays that decodes the source message correctly re-generates and broadcasts the punctured bits as side information to support the relays with decoding errors for re-decoding. Subsequently, only the error-free relays transmit to the destination using OSTBC. It was shown that this IRC scheme may increase the number of error-free relays when at least one relay decodes the source message correctly. In this paper we focus on the scenario that all relays fail to decode the source message correctly. To this end, an improved IRC scheme is presented based on received signal exchange, in which the whole or part of the received frame are exchanged among the relays to apply signal combining. Additionally, the total energy consumption for signal transmission, baseband processing and RF circuit at all relays is evaluated for practical preferences. It is shown that the improved scheme outperforms our original scheme significantly with respect to the overall system throughput.
Cu doping effect on FePt grains prepared by rapid thermal annealing on SiO2 substrate and wall structure in TbFeCo∕FePt CGC-like film (2006)

We report that Cu substitution is effective in raising the degree of (001) crystal orientation of FePt grains prepared by rapid thermal annealing on SiO2. We fabricated coupled granular and continuous (CGC) like films such as TbFeCo on FePt grains. The wall coercivity was about twice that of the TbFeCo single layer film. From three-dimensional micromagnetic simulations with Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation, it was confirmed that wall coercivity was enhanced and domain shapes made smooth in CGC film. When the thickness of the TbFeCo layer was thin, wall width was thinner than the theoretical value.
T wave alternans evaluation using adaptive time–frequency signal analysis and non-negative matrix factorization (2011)

Each year 400,000 North Americans die from sudden cardiac death (SCD). Identifying those patients at risk of SCD remains a formidable challenge. T wave alternans (TWA) evaluation is emerging as an important tool to risk stratify patients with heart diseases. TWA is a heart rate dependent phenomenon that manifests on the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) as a change in the shape or amplitude of the T wave every second heart beat. The presence of large magnitude TWA often presages lethal ventricular arrhythmias. Because the TWA signal is typically in the microvolt range, accurate detection algorithms are required to control for confounding noise and changing physiological conditions (i.e. data nonstationarity). In this study, we address the limitations of two common TWA estimation methods, spectral method (SM) and modified moving average (MMA). To overcome their limitations, we propose a modified TWA quantification framework, called Adaptive SM, that uses non-linear time-frequency distribution (TFD). In order to increase the robustness of TWA detection in ambulatory ECGs, we also propose a new technique, called non-negative matrix factorization (NMF)-Adaptive SM. We present the analytical background of these methods, and evaluate their accuracy in detecting synthetic TWA signal in simulated and real-world ambulatory ECG recordings under conditions of noise and data non-stationarity. The results of the numerical simulations support the effectiveness of the proposed approaches for TWA analysis, which may ultimately improve SCD risk assessment.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. VON BIS‐(GEMINALEN‐DIMETHYL)‐CYCLOALKANONEN UND TETRAKIS‐(GEMINALEN‐DIMETHYL)‐CYCLOALKANDIONEN (1972)

Abstract Aus zweifach (gem‐dimethyl)‐substituierten Diestem, Dinitrilen und Diketenen werden nach den Methoden von Dieckmann, Ziegler und Blomquist Monoketocycloparaffine mittlerer Ringgröße (7‐12 C‐Atome) und die entsprechenden dirneren Diketocycloparaffine dargestellt.
Improved production of human immunoglobulin .GAMMA.1 chain Fc polypeptides in Escherichia coli and their properties. (1988)

Humanimmunoglobulin G (IgG) is a major component of the immune system and is important in the biological defence against bacteria and viruses. The Fc region, com-prising approximately the C-terminal half of the two y chains, mediates most of the effector functions of the IgG molecule. Wehave reported the construction of hybrid plasmids which allow the direct expression of human y1 chain Fc region genes under the control of the trp promoter.1} Fc polypeptides were generated as monomeric
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (2001)

Abstract Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X‐linked recessive disorder that affects muscles and causes progressive weakness. Dystrophin, the product of the DMD gene, is one of several membrane proteins that form the dystrophin–glycoprotein complex, which helps to maintain the integrity of muscle cells; loss of these proteins leads to the wasting of muscle cells and to the pathology of DMD.
Geochemistry and physics of ocean circulation (1959)

The use of radioactive isotopes for determination of oceanic mixing rates is examined The main features of the tracer method are illustrated by an analogy. Experimental procedure is outlined and a discussion of results is presented. It is pointed out that great quantities of data are needed and complete correlation of these data with available oceanographic information is required as a basis for useful circulation models. C/sup 14/ appears to be the most useful tracer. It is concluded that isotope methods are best for large scale problems. Mixing within given masses of water is in many cases apparently too rapid to show appreciable concentration differences. In this respect the method supplements the deep float method which yields more detailed information in local areas. Diagrams and charts are included. (J. R. D.)
Ignaz Semmelweis: A physician-hero (2015)

Recently, I had my photo taken with Ignaz Semmelweis. Not with the man himself, but with his statue. Although his is not a household name, the man is a physician-hero.
On turbo codes for environments impaired by impulsive noise (2005)

In the recent past, iterative ("turbo") processing techniques with soft-in/soft-out components have received considerable attention. Examples are turbo decoding, turbo equalization, and turbo multi-user detection. The authors consider the application of turbo-codes to environments with impulsive white noise. Impulsive noise has a non-Gaussian nature and is, e.g., found in some wireless channels due to impulsive phenomena of radiofrequency interference and also in power line and in digital subscriber line communication systems. A detector/turbo decoder concept, derived from turbo equalization, is presented. The illustrated concept avoids numerical instabilities. Clearly, the turbo-codes facilitate considerable performance improvements over non-coded systems in impulsive noise scenarios. Furthermore, for benchmarking reasons, the deployment of a conventional rate 1/2 convolutional code with constraint length 5 and octal generators 23/sub 8/, 35/sub 8/ are taken into account.
Efficient Construction of Pipelined Multibit-Trie Router-Tables (2006)

Efficient algorithms to construct multibit tries suitable for pipelined router-table applications are developed. We first enhance the 1-phase algorithm of Basu and Narlikar, obtaining a 1-phase algorithm that is 2.5 to 3 times as fast. Next, we develop 2-phase algorithms that not only guarantee to minimize the maximum per-stage memory but also guarantee to use the least total memory subject to the former constraint. Our 2-phase algorithms not only generate better pipelined trees than those generated by the 1-phase algorithm, but they also take much less time. A node pull-up scheme that guarantees no increase in maximum per-stage memory as well as a partitioning heuristic that generates pipelined multibit tries requiring less maximum per-stage memory than required by the tries obtained using the 1-phase and 2-phase algorithms are also proposed
MDL: a language and compiler for dynamic program instrumentation (2002)

We use a form of dynamic code generation, called dynamic instrumentation, to collect data about the execution of an application program. Dynamic instrumentation allows us to instrument running programs to collect performance and other types of information. The instrumentation code is generated incrementally and can be inserted and removed at any time. Our instrumentation currently runs on the SPARC, PA-RISC, Power 2, Alpha, and x86 architectures. Specification of what data to collect are written in a specialized language called the Metric Description Language, that is part of the Paradyn Parallel Performance Tools. This language allows platform independent descriptions of how to collect performance data. It also provides a concise way to specify, how to constrain performance data to particular resources such as modules, procedures, nodes, files, or message channels (or combinations of these resources). We also describe the details of how we weave instrumentation into a running program.
Quantitative Solid-Phase Microextraction (SPME)–Raman Spectroscopy for the Detection of Trace Organics in Water (2012)

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was used along with Raman spectroscopy to quantify the partitioning of trace organics into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrices. PDMS has previously been utilized with SPME-Raman to pre-concentrate trace benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, and xylene fuel components from contaminated water, thereby enhancing detected Raman signals. Here, we show that SPME can increase Raman signals more than two orders of magnitude for the compounds investigated. We also demonstrate the quantitative features of SPME-Raman by estimating PDMS-organic partition coefficients for benzene [log(K) = 1.90 ± 10] and toluene [log(K) = 2.35 ± 20] by using linear regression fits in the dilute limit of concentrations. The K values obtained are within the range of values obtained with other quantitative SPME techniques. The method was also used to characterize quinoline, a pyridine-based organic, which yielded reasonable K values [log(K) = 1.20 ± 20]. Combining PDMS-based SPME with a technique such as Raman spectroscopy potentially enhances optical detection methods used in microfluidic systems, wherein PDMS is a common material of construction.
Magneto-optical study of flux penetration and critical current densities in [001] tilt<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">YBa</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cu</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>7</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">δ</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>thin-film bicrystals (1996)

Magneto-optical (MO) imaging has been used to visualize and calculate magnetic flux and current distributions at temperatures T ranging from 7 to 80 K in thin-film [001] tilt ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}$${\mathrm{O}}_{7\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\delta}}}$ bicrystals with misorientation angles 3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremath{\le}10\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. A characteristic cusp in the flux distribution ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{z}}$(x,y) was observed for 5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremath{\le}7\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, which is shown to indicate that the critical current density ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{b}}$ across the boundary is smaller than the intragrain ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{c}}$. We use the Bean model for thin-film superconductors to calculate the observed features of the ${\mathit{B}}_{\mathit{z}}$(x,y) distribution and to separate both the intragrain ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{c}}$ and intergrain ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{b}}$(\ensuremath{\theta}) independently from the MO data. The study of angular and temperature dependencies of ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{b}}$(T,\ensuremath{\theta}) in bicrystals with different \ensuremath{\theta} shows that ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{b}}$(\ensuremath{\theta}) strongly decreases with \ensuremath{\theta} above \ensuremath{\theta}\ensuremath{\approxeq}5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}. The decrease of ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{b}}$(T,\ensuremath{\theta}) with temperature becomes weaker as the misorientation angle \ensuremath{\theta} is increased, so the substantial difference in ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{b}}$ for 5\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} and 7\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} boundaries at low T turns out to be less pronounced at liquid-nitrogen temperatures. In addition, the ratio ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{b}}$(\ensuremath{\theta},T)/${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{c}}$(T) for low-angle grain boundaries is shown to exhibit an anomalous increase with T, thus indicating that the grain boundaries can provide additional flux pinning. This is plausibly associated with the grain boundary dislocations that accommodate the misorientation of the grains. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Optical properties of two-dimensional dye aggregate (1995)

Absorption and emission spectra of a monolayer J aggregate of a cyanine dye have been studied in detail from room temperature to liquid helium temperature. Various sources of disorder that affects the degree of delocalization of the exciton have been investigated including the hitherto unnoticed effect of He gas. Simple numerical simulations were performed, which reproduce the basic features of the spectra fairly well. The spectral signatures indicate that we have a typical two-dimensional Frenkel exciton system characterized by large red shift and large cooperation number despite strong disorder, which is in contrast to the well-studied pseudoisocyanines (PICs) that have been analyzed as one-dimensional even in the Langmuir–Blodgett monolayers. The disorder stems partly from the exciton–phonon coupling but is dominantly of the static character at low temperatures.