gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessing the self‐perception of young adults with severe learning difficulties (1992)

Abstract This study investigated the reliability and validity of assessing the self‐perceptions of young people with severe learning difficulties. Twelve young people from a social education centre were interviewed in three different ways, based on personal construct psychology methods. This involved using both rating and ranking methods with provided and elicited constructs. Self‐perception levels were found to be fairly stable over time and despite changes in the assessment methods. Peer perceptions of each young person corresponded fairly well with self‐perceptions, though parent or guardian estimates of self‐perceptions were far less accurate. The findings are interpreted as showing the feasibility of dependable assessment of the self‐perceptions of young people with severe learning difficulties.
Coded FFT and Its Communication Overhead (2018)

We propose a coded computing strategy and examine communication costs of coded computing algorithms to make distributed Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) resilient to errors during the computation. We apply maximum distance separable (MDS) codes to a widely used "Transpose" algorithm for parallel FFT. In the uncoded distributed FFT algorithm, the most expensive step is a single "all-to-all" communication. We compare this with communication overhead of coding in our coded FFT algorithm. We show that by using a systematic MDS code, the communication overhead of coding is negligible in comparison with the communication costs inherent in an uncoded FFT implementation if the number of parity nodes is at most $o(\log K)$, where $K$ is the number of systematic nodes.
Damping in high-frequency metallic nanomechanical resonators (2010)

International audience
Late diagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection in the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS): Missed opportunities for intervention (2014)

Many CHeCS patients had advanced liver disease concurrent with their initial HCV diagnosis despite many years of engagement with the healthcare system, and these patients had high rates of hospitalization and mortality.
Ultrasonic output from the excised rat larynx (2010)

The source of ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) produced by rats is thought to be within the larynx. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if the rat larynx is capable of producing ultrasounds with the full range of frequencies reported in vivo. Acoustic output of excised rat larynges with and without vocal fold constriction was measured. At biologically-reasonable airflow rates and pressures, only larynges with a constriction produced the full range of ultrasounds reported in vivo, providing support for the hypothesis that a constriction within the larynx is likely the source of rat USVs.
A taxonomy of market‐based resource management systems for utility‐driven cluster computing (2006)

Abstract In utility‐driven cluster computing, cluster Resource Management Systems (RMSs) need to know the specific needs of different users in order to allocate resources according to their needs. This in turn is vital to achieve service‐oriented Grid computing that harnesses resources distributed worldwide based on users' objectives. Recently, numerous market‐based RMSs have been proposed to make use of real‐world market concepts and behavior to assign resources to users for various computing platforms. The aim of this paper is to develop a taxonomy that characterizes and classifies how market‐based RMSs can support utility‐driven cluster computing in practice. The taxonomy is then mapped to existing market‐based RMSs designed for both cluster and other computing platforms to survey current research developments and identify outstanding issues. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bacterial diversity on the surface of potato tubers in soil and the influence of the plant genotype (2010)

The surface of tubers might be a reservoir for bacteria that are disseminated with seed potatoes or that affect postharvest damage. The numbers of culturable bacteria and their antagonistic potential, as well as bacterial community fingerprints were analysed from tubers of seven field-grown potato genotypes, including two lines with tuber-accumulated zeaxanthin. The plant genotype significantly affected the number of culturable bacteria only at one field site. Zeaxanthin had no effect on the bacterial plate counts. In dual culture, 72 of 700 bacterial isolates inhibited at least one of the potato pathogens Rhizoctonia solani, Verticillium dahliae or Phytophthora infestans, 12 of them suppressing all three. Most of these antagonists were identified as Bacillus or Streptomyces. From tubers of two plant genotypes, including one zeaxanthin line, higher numbers of antagonists were isolated. Most antagonists showed glucanase, cellulase and protease activity, which could represent mechanisms for pathogen suppression. PCR-DGGE fingerprints of the 16S rRNA genes of bacterial communities from the tuber surfaces revealed that the potato genotype significantly affected the Pseudomonas community structure at one site. However, the genotypes showed nearly identical fingerprints for Bacteria, Actinobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Bacillus and Streptomycetaceae. In conclusion, tuber-associated bacteria were only weakly affected by the plant genotype.
Medicinal Plants as Sources of Active Molecules Against COVID-19 (2020)

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection has been declared world pandemic causing a worrisome number of deaths, especially among vulnerable citizens, in 209 countries around the world. Although several therapeutic molecules are being tested, no effective vaccines or specific treatments have been developed. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, different traditional herbal medicines with promising results have been used alone or in combination with conventional drugs to treat infected patients. Here, we review the recent findings regarding the use of natural products to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection. Furthermore, the mechanisms responsible for this preventive or therapeutic effect are discussed. We conducted literature research using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and WHO website. Dissertations and theses were not considered. Only the situation reports edited by the WHO were included. The different herbal products (extracts) and purified molecules may exert their anti-SARS-CoV-2 actions by direct inhibition of the virus replication or entry. Interestingly, some products may block the ACE-2 receptor or the serine protease TMPRRS2 required by SARS-CoV-2 to infect human cells. In addition, natural products were shown to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 life-cycle related proteins such as papain-like or chymotrypsin-like proteases. In conclusion, we suggest that natural products could be used alone or in combination as alternative medicines to treat/prevent COVID-19 infection. Moreover, their structures may offer clues for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs.
Superconducting focusing solenoid for X-band klystron (2002)

A superconducting focusing solenoid for X-band klystron has been developed. The system consists of a conduction cooled NbTi solenoid, high T/sub c/ superconductor current leads, and a GM refrigerator. The GM refrigerator can cool down the solenoid from the room temperature to below 4 Kelvin by 4 days. This allow us to operate the system without supplying any cryogen such as liquid helium or nitrogen. The solenoid produces a desired field profile whose maximum value is about 7 kGauss. A normal conducting bucking coil is also implemented in order to tune the field at the cathode. Cool down tests performed at MELCO, KEK, and SLAC confirmed that the system can be cooled down by 4 days. Field measurements performed at those places confirmed that the field profile is very stable between thermal cycles.
Aetiology of diahrroea in children under five at the Bengo General Hospital, Angola (2014)

Diarrhoea is the second leading cause of death in children under five years being responsible for 760.000 deaths, corresponding to 9% of the total deaths in this age group. Africa is the region with more deaths due to diarrhoea (46%), followed by South Asia (38%). Three quarters of the total of deaths occurs within only 15 countries and Angola is in the 15th position with a record of 20,000 annual childhood deaths. Diarrhoeal disease can be caused by bacterial, viral and parasitic infectious agents and can be transmited through contaminated food or drinking water, or directly from person to person. Rotavirus and Escherichia coli were shown the most frequent pathogenic agents in developing countries. This study aims to identify the most frequent pathogenic agents of diarrhoea in children under five atttending the Bengo General Hospital (BGH)..
Ceramic Ink-Jet Printing for Digital Decoration: Physical Constraints for Ink Design (2014)

In the last decade, the drop-on-demand (DOD) ink-jet printing has become the leading technology for the decoration of ceramic tiles. The inks employed for such application are colloidal suspensions of oxide particles (0.3 μm) whose stability (against agglomeration and over time) is fundamental to get successfully the tile decoration. Jettability from the DOD print heads is a key requirement along with proper colour after sintering. This means that a careful set up of inks properties (viscosity, density, surface tension) is required. The phenomena involved in the different stages of the ink-jet printing process (drop ejection from the nozzles, impact and spreading on the substrates) are described through dimensionless numbers as Reynolds, Weber, and Bond numbers, or their combinations. In literature physical constraints, obtained with a semi-theoretical approach on the basis of experimental evidences on other systems, allow to define a reference region in the space of the dimensionless numbers (here called "printable fluid region," PFR) where the inks should be suitable for the application. In this paper, 26 inks currently used for ceramic tile decoration were characterized and mapped in the space of dimensionless numbers for several printing conditions. For typical nozzle diameters (20-50 gm) and drop velocities (6-8 m/s), it has been found that they fall in the region identified by 3 < Re < 30, 27 < We < 160, and 0.6 < 1/Oh < 2.5, where Re, We, and Oh, are the Reynolds, Weber and Ohnesorge numbers, respectively. Such experimental region can be taken as reference to tune the colloidal interactions in proper way, though the thresholds delimiting the PFR should be better defined.
CHAPTER 10: Towards understanding effector secretion, translocation and cell-to-cell trafficking during biotrophic invasion by the rice blast fungus (2017)

Live cell fluorescence imaging and interaction transcriptome analysis of IH invading rice sheath cells have provided new biological insights into the degree of biotrophy involved in rice blast disease. Blast IH secrete many novel proteins, some of which are translocated into the cytoplasm of living rice cells. With the host nuclear-targeting effector constructs used for enhanced detection of translocation, we have also provided the first images of nuclear location in invaded rice cells, and demonstrated the utility of delivering reporters through secretion by the pathogen for detecting host cell components and cell-to-cell trafficking. Demonstration of cell-to-cell trafficking of effectors suggested that many host cells surrounding individual infection sites have been impacted by effectors at early colonization stages. This further validates our trimmed rice leaf sheath enrichment technique for biotrophic interaction transcriptome analysis. Further functional analyses of BAS genes and of the host "effectortriggered-susceptibility" genes identified by the same techniques will begin to associate molecular mechanisms with the cell biology of biotrophic invasion.
<i>Candida antarctica</i> lipase B catalyzed polymerization of lactones: Effects of immobilization matrices on polymerization kinetics & molecular weight (2005)

This study investigated the effect of enzyme immobilization on its activity for the ring-opening polymerizations of lactones with differing ring sizes. Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was immobilized on a wide array of support materials that varied in polymer composition, relative hydrophobicity, pore diameter, and surface area. The reaction rates and polymer molecular weights were monitored by in situ NMR measurements. Synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy (SIRMS) was used to study the enzyme distribution and secondary structure within the support matrix. The fastest reaction rates resulted by immobilization of CALB on the macroporous matrices QDM 2-3-4 and Accurel. Both of these are constructed from polypropylene and had CALB distributed throughout the matrix particles. Immobilized CALB on QDM 2-3-4 gave ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) conversion that reached 50 and 95% in 12 and 60 min, respectively. In comparison, by using CALB immobilized on Deloxan HAP, a 50% CL conversion required 120 h. Other changes that were found by immobilization of CALB on different matrices are shifts in CALB selectivity and the frequency of step-condensation reactions at monomer conversions >50%. By changing the immobilization matrix, PCL molecular weight was increased from 5,000 to 15,000. All of the CALB-matrix systems investigated in this study gave polymerizations with ε-CL conversions that followed a first-order rate law. Changes in CALB catalytic activity and specificity imply variations in CALB conformation induced by the different surfaces. However, these conformational changes must be subtle since they were not found by synchrotron IR Microspectroscopy. Two common features observed that led to CALB-matrix systems with higher activity for polyester synthesis are: i) increased density of CALB molecules within the pores of matrices, and ii) distribution of CALB throughout the matrix.
<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> : a model for studies of colonization by non-pathogenic and plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (2001)

This paper originates from an address at the 8th International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, Sydney, NSW, December 2000 Arabidopsis thaliana L. has many features favoring its use as a model in studies of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), such as diazotrophs. Several niches are colonized in the root system of Arabidopsis , including xylem, and intact colonized roots can be observed microscopically without sectioning of tissues. Studies of plant genes involved in colonization are facilitated by the ease with which plants are transformed and by the availability of mutant lines and other accessions obtainable from stock centers. Lines of Arabidopsis carrying reporter gene fusions are helping to reveal the pattern of expression of previously cloned plant genes induced by rhizobacteria. Studies utilizing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-producing PGPR and Arabidopsis that contain an auxin-responsive GUS fusion suggest that plants perceive IAA released by bacteria in the rhizosphere. The role of flavonoids in the colonization of non-legumes is being assessed using transgenic Arabidopsis with altered flavonoid metabolism and using tt mutants, which lack functional versions of specific genes for flavonoid metabolism. Studies of plant defence and of stress responses are producing molecular data on plant genes induced by inoculation of Arabidopsis roots with non-pathogens.
Integration of Dirac’s Efforts to Construct a Quantum Mechanics Which is Lorentz-Covariant (2020)

The lifelong efforts of Paul A. M. Dirac were to construct localized quantum systems in the Lorentz covariant world. In 1927, he noted that the time-energy uncertainty should be included in the Lorentz-covariant picture. In 1945, he attempted to construct a representation of the Lorentz group using a normalizable Gaussian function localized both in the space and time variables. In 1949, he introduced his instant form to exclude time-like oscillations. He also introduced the light-cone coordinate system for Lorentz boosts. Also in 1949, he stated the Lie algebra of the inhomogeneous Lorentz group can serve as the uncertainty relations in the Lorentz-covariant world. It is possible to integrate these three papers to produce the harmonic oscillator wave function which can be Lorentz-transformed. In addition, Dirac, in 1963, considered two coupled oscillators to derive the Lie algebra for the generators of the O(3,2) de Sitter group, which has ten generators. It is proven possible to contract this group to the inhomogeneous Lorentz group with ten generators, which constitute the fundamental symmetry of quantum mechanics in Einstein’s Lorentz-covariant world.
Characterization of self-propagating formation reactions in Ni/Zr multilayered foils using reaction heats, velocities, and temperature-time profiles (2011)

We report on intermetallic formation reactions in vapor-deposited multilayered foils of Ni/Zr with 70 nm bilayers and overall atomic ratios of Ni:Zr, 2 Ni:Zr, and 7 Ni:2 Zr. The sequence of alloy phase formation and the stored energy is evaluated at slow heating rates (∼1 K/s) using differential scanning calorimetry traces to 725 °C. All three chemistries initially form a Ni–Zr amorphous phase which crystallizes first to the intermetallic NiZr. The heat of reaction to the final phase is 34–36 kJ/mol atom for all chemistries. Intermetallic formation reactions are also studied at rapid heating rates (greater than 105 K/s) in high temperature, self-propagating reactions which can be ignited in these foils by an electric spark. We find that reaction velocities and maximum reaction temperatures (Tmax) are largely independent of foil chemistry at 0.6±0.1 m/s and 1220±50 K, respectively, and that the measured Tmax is more than 200 K lower than predicted adiabatic temperatures (Tad). The difference between Tmax and Tad is explained by the prediction that transformation to the final intermetallic phases occurs after Tmax and results in the release of 20%–30% of the total heat of reaction and a delay in rapid cooling.
Somatostatin and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Inhibit Interleukin-1β-Stimulated Release of Interleukin-6 from Rat C6 Glioma Cells (2004)

The effects of IL-1 beta and LPC on IL-6 release from glioma cells are effectively antagonized by the inhibitory neurotransmitters SRIF and GABA. On the basis of correlative studies, we propose that the ability of inhibitory transmitters such as SRIF and GABA to counter the induction of IL-6 release may entail suppression of p38 activity.
Adiabatic optical entanglement between electron spins in separate quantum dots (2008)

We present an adiabatic approach to the design of entangling quantum operations with two electron spins localized in separate InAs/GaAs quantum dots via the Coulomb interaction between optically excited localized states. Slowly varying optical pulses minimize the pulse noise and the relaxation of the excited states. An analytical ``dressed-state'' solution gives a clear physical picture of the entangling process and a numerical solution is used to investigate the error dynamics. For two vertically stacked quantum dots we show that, for a broad range of dot parameters, a two-spin state with concurrence $C>0.85$ can be obtained by four optical pulses with durations $\ensuremath{\sim}0.1--1\text{ }\text{ns}$.
Human quadriceps cross‐sectional area, torque and neural activation during 6 months strength training (1996)

Quadriceps muscle and fibre cross-sectional areas (CSA), torque and neural activation were studied in seven healthy males during 6 months of weight training on alternate days with six series of eight unilateral leg extensions at 80% of one repetition maximum. After training, the quadriceps cross-sectional area increased by 18.8 +/- 7.2% (P < 0.001) and 19.3 +/- 6.7% (P < 0.001) in the distal and proximal regions respectively, and by 13.0 +/- 7.2% (P < 0.001) in the central region of the muscle. Hypertrophy was significantly different between and within the four constituents of the quadriceps. Biopsies of the vastus lateralis at mid-thigh did not show any increase in mean fibre cross-sectional area. Maximum isometric voluntary torque increased by 29.6 +/- 7.9%-21.1 +/- 8.6% (P < 0.01-0.05) between 100 degrees and 160 degrees of knee extension, but no change in the optimum angle (110 degrees-120 degrees) for torque generation was found. A 12.0 +/- 10.8% (P < 0.02) increase in torque per unit area together with a right shift in the IEMG-torque relation and no change in maximum IEMG were observed. Time to peak isometric torque decreased by 45.8% (P < 0.03) but no change in time to maximum IEMG was observed. In conclusion, strength training of the quadriceps results in a variable hypertrophy of its components without affecting its angle-torque relation. The increase in torque per unit area, in the absence of changes in IEMG, may indicate changes in muscle architecture. An increase in muscle-tendon stiffness may account for the decrease in time to peak torque.
The TCR ligand-inducible expression of CD73 marks γδ lineage commitment and a metastable intermediate in effector specification (2014)

Numerous studies indicate that γδ T cell receptor (γδTCR) expression alone does not reliably mark commitment of early thymic progenitors to the γδ fate. This raises the possibility that the γδTCR is unable to intrinsically specify fate and instead requires additional environmental factors, including TCR-ligand engagement. We use single cell progenitor assays to reveal that ligand acts instructionally to direct adoption of the γδ fate. Moreover, we identify CD73 as a TCR ligand-induced cell surface protein that distinguishes γδTCR-expressing CD4(-)CD8(-) progenitors that have committed to the γδ fate from those that have not yet done so. Indeed, unlike CD73(-) γδTCR(+) progenitors, which largely adopt the αβ fate upon separation from the intrathymic selecting environment, those that express CD73 remain CD4(-)CD8(-) and committed to the γδ fate. CD73 is expressed by >90% of peripheral γδ cells, suggesting this is a common occurrence during development. Moreover, CD73 induction appears to mark a metastable intermediate stage before acquisition of effector function, suggesting that γδ lineage and effector fate are specified sequentially. These findings have important implications for the role of ligand in γδ lineage commitment and its relationship to the specification of effector fate.
Plasminogen activator in tracheobronchial secretion of rat (1980)

In order to clarify the mechanism of the release of the plasminogen activator (Plg. Act.) in the tracheobronchial secretion of rat, the effect of some vasoactive drugs to this activity in the secretion was studied in this experiment.The results obtained from this experiment were as follows: It was observed that after the injection of noradrenalin the blood pressure was temporarily elevated and the fibrinolytic activity was too elevated. Following these changes the activity of Plg. Act. in the secretion was increased in comparison with the injection of atropine sulfate.From these results it was suggested that the release of Plg. Act. into the respiratory lumen might be partly regulated by neurogenic system.