gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glass transition temperature of bulk metallic glasses: A linear connection with the mixing enthalpy (2007)

A linear relationship is found between the glass transition temperature Tg and the absolute value of the mixing enthalpy, |ΔHchem|, for bulk metallic glass systems. The increasing (or lowering) of Tg with an admixture of metals or other elements manifests itself in the larger (or smaller) of |ΔHchem| in a given system. The results indicate that the composition dependence of Tg results from the change of excess entropy (Sex) during thermal excitation. The |ΔHchem|, which relates to the strength of interaction among different atoms, corresponds to part of the Sex at Tg [Sex(Tg)]. The glass transition temperatures for Cu-Zr (Hf)-, Zr-Cu-, and La-Al-based glassy alloys are correlated with the interaction intensity between their based binary eutectic compositions, respectively.
Binding to DNA protects alpha/beta-type, small, acid-soluble spore proteins of Bacillus and Clostridium species against digestion by their specific protease as well as by other proteases (1995)

Binding of alpha/beta-type, small, acid-soluble proteins from Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium bifermentans to DNA protected these proteins against cleavage by their specific protease (GPR) as well as by trypsin and chymotrypsin. These data suggest that alpha/beta-type, small, acid-soluble protein binding to DNA (i) may result in a structural change in these proteins, giving a more compact protein structure, and (ii) may be important in slowing the degradation of these proteins by GPR, in particular during sporulation.
Antibiotic-Induced Alterations of the Gut Microbiota Alter Secondary Bile Acid Production and Allow for Clostridium difficile Spore Germination and Outgrowth in the Large Intestine (2016)

It is hypothesized that the depletion of microbial members responsible for converting primary bile acids into secondary bile acids reduces resistance to Clostridium difficile colonization. To date, inhibition of C. difficile growth by secondary bile acids has only been shown in vitro. Using targeted bile acid metabolomics, we sought to define the physiologically relevant concentrations of primary and secondary bile acids present in the murine small and large intestinal tracts and how these impact C. difficile dynamics. We treated mice with a variety of antibiotics to create distinct microbial and metabolic (bile acid) environments and directly tested their ability to support or inhibit C. difficile spore germination and outgrowth ex vivo. Susceptibility to C. difficile in the large intestine was observed only after specific broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment (cefoperazone, clindamycin, and vancomycin) and was accompanied by a significant loss of secondary bile acids (deoxycholate, lithocholate, ursodeoxycholate, hyodeoxycholate, and ω-muricholate). These changes were correlated to the loss of specific microbiota community members, the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families. Additionally, physiological concentrations of secondary bile acids present during C. difficile resistance were able to inhibit spore germination and outgrowth in vitro. Interestingly, we observed that C. difficile spore germination and outgrowth were supported constantly in murine small intestinal content regardless of antibiotic perturbation, suggesting that targeting growth of C. difficile will prove most important for future therapeutics and that antibiotic-related changes are organ specific. Understanding how the gut microbiota regulates bile acids throughout the intestine will aid the development of future therapies for C. difficile infection and other metabolically relevant disorders such as obesity and diabetes. IMPORTANCE Antibiotics alter the gastrointestinal microbiota, allowing for Clostridium difficile infection, which is a significant public health problem. Changes in the structure of the gut microbiota alter the metabolome, specifically the production of secondary bile acids. Specific bile acids are able to initiate C. difficile spore germination and also inhibit C. difficile growth in vitro, although no study to date has defined physiologically relevant bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we define the bile acids C. difficile spores encounter in the small and large intestines before and after various antibiotic treatments. Antibiotics that alter the gut microbiota and deplete secondary bile acid production allow C. difficile colonization, representing a mechanism of colonization resistance. Multiple secondary bile acids in the large intestine were able to inhibit C. difficile spore germination and growth at physiological concentrations and represent new targets to combat C. difficile in the large intestine.
The importance of cytosolic glutamine synthetase in nitrogen assimilation and recycling (2009)

Glutamine synthetase assimilates ammonium into amino acids, thus it is a key enzyme for nitrogen metabolism. The cytosolic isoenzymes of glutamine synthetase assimilate ammonium derived from primary nitrogen uptake and from various internal nitrogen recycling pathways. In this way, cytosolic glutamine synthetase is crucial for the remobilization of protein-derived nitrogen. Cytosolic glutamine synthetase is encoded by a small family of genes that are well conserved across plant species. Members of the cytosolic glutamine synthetase gene family are regulated in response to plant nitrogen status, as well as to environmental cues, such as nitrogen availability and biotic/abiotic stresses. The complex regulation of cytosolic glutamine synthetase at the transcriptional to post-translational levels is key to the establishment of a specific physiological role for each isoenzyme. The diverse physiological roles of cytosolic glutamine synthetase isoenzymes are important in relation to current agricultural and ecological issues.
Characterization of aluminum hydroxide particles from the Bayer process using neural network and Bayesian classifiers (1997)

An automatic process of isolating and characterizing individual aluminum hydroxide particles from the Bayer process in scanning electron microscope gray-scale images of samples is described. It uses image processing algorithms, neural nets and Bayesian classifiers. As the particles are amorphous and different greatly, there were complex nonlinear decisions and anomalies. The process is in two stages; isolation of particles, and classification of each particle. The isolation process correctly identifies 96.9% of the objects as complete and single particles after a 15.5% rejection of questionable objects. The sample set had a possible 2455 particles taken from 384 256x256-pixel images. Of the 15.5%, 14.2% were correctly rejected. With no rejection the accuracy drops to 91.8% which represents the accuracy of the isolation process alone. The isolated particles are classified by shape, single crystal protrusions, texture, crystal size, and agglomeration. The particle samples were preclassified by a human expert and the data were used to train the five classifiers to embody the expert knowledge. The system was designed to be used as a research tool to determine and study relationships between particle properties and plant parameters in the production of smelting grade alumina by the Bayer process.
Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Micro- and Nano-sized SiC/Fluoroelastomer Composites (2013)

微尺寸、缩放 nano 的 SiC/fluoroelastomer (FKM ) composites 被一个机械混合方法准备。这些 composites 被一个无转子的电流计首先描绘。然后效果微尺寸、缩放 nano 原文如此在坚硬，静电干扰和 composites 的动态机械性质上被调查。增加的数量原文如此， filler 增加了治好系统的联本基的治好的效率，它从产生 composites 的 rheometric 性质是明显的。张力的性质合成与增加增加了微尺寸、缩放 nano 原文如此满意。什么时候微尺寸、缩放 nano 原文如此满意比 20 phr 高， composites 显示出几乎未改变的张力的性质。增加张力的性质主要原文如此被归因于微尺寸、缩放 nano 的驱散的井粒子由 SEM 图象描绘了。比作纯 FKM， composites 展出了更高的玻璃转变温度和更低的黝黑的山峰价值。
GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN THE ANTIGENIC CHARACTER OF WEST NILE VIRUS (1967)

Journal Article GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN THE ANTIGENIC CHARACTER OF WEST NILE VIRUS Get access WINSTON H. PRICE, WINSTON H. PRICE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar WALTER O'LEARY WALTER O'LEARY 1Department of Epidemiology, School of Hygiene and Public Health, The Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, Maryland 21205 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 85, Issue 1, January 1967, Pages 84–86, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120677 Published: 01 January 1967 Article history Received: 27 April 1966 Published: 01 January 1967
Grid Binary LOgistic REgression (GLORE): building shared models without sharing data (2012)

The results suggest that GLORE performs as well as LR and allows data to remain protected at their original sites.
The Implementation of the RTS Adaptive Controller (1990)

This paper discusses the implementation of the RTS (Real time System) adaptive controller as applied on a continuous slab casting machine. Comparisons are made with the presently installed industrial adaptive controller.
Multicriterion Network Design Using Geostatistics (1985)

Geostatistics and multicriterion decision making are combined to design a regular observation network for several spatially correlated and anisotropic parameters. The decision variables are network density, distance between observation points for the Various parameters, and observation effort. The estimation error is calculated as a function of the decision variables by use of a geostatistical model based on prior variograms. Composite programming, an extension of compromise programming with more than one value of p in the l p distance, makes it possible to account for the analytical characteristics of statistical criteria versus the economic value of observation effort. Thus an l 1 metric is applied to statistical criteria and an l 2 metric to observation effort criteria. The algorithm for solution uses gradient optimization. The approach is extended to the case when an existing network is to be augmented. The example of a two‐layer aquifer system, where thickness and porosity are the parameters to be identified, illustrates the methodology. The composite solution appears to be quite robust with respect to parameter weight changes.
Making the message clear: visualizing mRNA localization (2010)

Localized mRNA provides spatial and temporal protein expression essential to cell development and physiology. To explore the mechanisms involved, considerable effort has been spent in establishing new and improved methods for visualizing mRNA. Here, we discuss how these techniques have extended our understanding of intracellular mRNA localization in a variety of organisms. In addition to increased ease and specificity of detection in fixed tissue, in situ hybridization methods now enable examination of mRNA distribution at the ultrastructural level with electron microscopy. Most significantly, methods for following the movement of mRNA in living cells are now in widespread use. These include the introduction of labeled transcripts by microinjection, hybridization based methods using labeled antisense probes and complementary transgenic methods for tagging endogenous mRNAs using bacteriophage components. These technical innovations are now being coupled with super-resolution light microscopy methods and promise to revolutionize our understanding of the dynamics and complexity of the molecular mechanism of mRNA localization.
Adiabatic radiofrequency pulse forms in biomedical nuclear magnetic resonance (2002)

Adiabatic radio frequency (RF) pulses are in widespread use in biomedical magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. The primary advantage of adiabatic pulses is that provided the condition for adiabaticity is satisfied they can be made insensitive to inhomogeneities in the RF field. In this pedagogical article the principles of adiabatic fast passage (AFP) are explained, and the use of AFP to invert both stationary and flowing spin systems is examined. The hyperbolic secant pulse is presented as a pulse capable of performing slice selective adiabatic inversion. Lower power alternatives to this pulse are described, and the principle of offset independent constant adiabaticity is elucidated. Instantaneous reversal of the orientation of the effective RF field as a means of producing excitation and refocusing pulses is presented, as are methods of obtaining slice selective excitation with these pulses. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson 2: 89–101, 2002
Identification of a developmental timer regulating the stability of embryonic cyclin A and a new somatic A-type cyclin at gastrulation. (1995)

We have identified a second Xenopus cyclin A, called cyclin A2. Cyclin A2 is a 46.6-kD protein that shows a greater homology to human cyclin A than to the previously identified Xenopus cyclin A1. It is present throughout embryonic development (up to stage 46 at least) and is found in adult tissues as well as in Xenopus tissue culture cell lines. In contrast, cyclin A1 is present in eggs and early embryos but cannot be detected in late embryos or in tissue culture cells. We have found that the maternally stored pools of mRNAs encoding both of these cyclin A proteins are stable until the onset of gastrulation and then are degraded abruptly. At this time, new transcription replaces cyclin A2 mRNA. Interestingly, we have also observed a dramatic change in the stability of the cyclin A proteins at this time. Prior to the onset of gastrulation, cyclin A1 protein is stable during interphase of the cell cycle. At gastrulation, however, both A1 and A2 proteins turn over rapidly during interphase of the cell cycle. Together, these results indicate that developmental programs controlling cyclin A protein and mRNA stability are activated at gastrulation. We have shown that this program is independent of new transcription beginning at the mid-blastula transition. Furthermore, treatment of early stage embryos with cycloheximide demonstrates that activation of this degradative program is independent of cell division and translation. Collectively, our observations suggest that a previously uncharacterized timing mechanism activates new degradative pathways at the onset of gastrulation, which could play an essential role in releasing cells from maternal programming.
Service oriented platform design for collaborative engineering data analysis (2007)

Data and knowledge sharing for seamless and innovative engineering collaboration is critical to quick yield ramping. This paper presents the developments of a pragmatic methodology and a platform design for quick, flexible and collaborative composition and provision of engineering data analysis (EDA) services. The methodology combines Markov chain-based EDA procedure modeling and knowledge extraction with an identification method of re-usable service components from the EDA procedures. The platform adopts a service oriented architecture and web service technology to facilitate EDA service management and sharing. The design and developments are conveyed and supported by using a legacy EDA system and its usage data.
Chemotherapy of Experimental Tuberculosis with Quinoline Derivatives (1952)

1. Nineteen quinoline derivatives, including eleven 3-amiinoquinolme derivatives, were evaluated for tuberculostatic action upon M. tuberculosis H37Rv. 2. Seven quinoline derivatives were tested in vivo in experimentally induced tuberculosis in guinea pigs. 3. The relationship between chemical structure and tuberculostatic action was discussed.
Automatic Heart Sound Analysis for Cardiovascular Disease Assessment (2014)

Tese de doutoramento em Ciências e Tecnologias da Informação, apresentada ao Departamento de Engenharia Informática da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra
Fabrication and Characterization of carbon nanotube tip modified by focused ion beam (2007)

The paper described on the development of a scanning probe microscope tip with CNT (carbon nanotube). Dielectrophoresis was used for assembling the CNT on the sharp end of a Si AFM tip. To adjust the morphology of the CNT tip, focused ion beam (FIB) was systematically used. The straightness of the CNT tip was improved and its length was controlled by cutting a part of the CNT. Tip's characteristics in non-contact AFM(atomic force microscopy) mode was mainly dealt with various experimental results such as wear, deep trench measurement, and high resolution imaging. Comparing to the conventional Si tip, a CNT-modified FIB tip was stronger to wear, more traceable to deep trench structure and more adaptable to figure out the fine structure like anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) structure. It is expect that CNT-modified tip is very promising for industrial usage of AFM.
CameraNet: A Two-Stage Framework for Effective Camera ISP Learning (2019)

Traditional image signal processing (ISP) pipeline consists of a set of individual image processing components onboard a camera to reconstruct a high-quality sRGB image from the sensor raw data. Due to the hand-crafted nature of the ISP components, traditional ISP pipeline has limited reconstruction quality under challenging scenes. Recently, the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated their competitiveness in solving many individual image processing problems, such as image denoising, demosaicking, white balance and contrast enhancement. However, it remains a question whether a CNN model can address the multiple tasks inside an ISP pipeline simultaneously. We make a good attempt along this line and propose a novel framework, which we call CameraNet, for effective and general ISP pipeline learning. The CameraNet is composed of two CNN modules to account for two sets of relatively uncorrelated subtasks in an ISP pipeline: restoration and enhancement. To train the two-stage CameraNet model, we specify two groundtruths that can be easily created in the common workflow of photography. CameraNet is trained to progressively address the restoration and the enhancement subtasks with its two modules. Experiments show that the proposed CameraNet achieves consistently compelling reconstruction quality on three benchmark datasets and outperforms traditional ISP pipelines.
Design Strategies for 3D Printing (2015)

At this stage you have explored a wide range of design possibilities using simple geometric forms. If you have gone through every step in the 3D-printing pipeline, from the initial design to the final 3D-printed product, you should have the confidence to begin working on more complicated designs for 3D printing.
User-Authentication on Wearable Devices Based on Punch Gesture Biometrics (2017)

Due to commoditization and convenience, wearable technology are interwoven with our daily life. However, privacy sensitive data stored on those devices such as personal email, message can be easily stolen. Most devices require a PIN input to unlock. However, this mechanism is vulnerable to shoulder surfing attack. Thus many novel authentication approaches have been proposed to solve this problem. And biometric-based methods have been adopted by many researchers because of the efficiency and excellent performance. In this paper, we propose a new biometric-based authentication system. We focus on how the user performs a straight punch gesture subconsciously. By analysis the acceleration data from the smartwatch when user performing the gesture, we are able to profile the user. And we authenticate the user according to the biometrics of this action. This mechanism is light-weighted and do not require user to remember any secret code. We develop an authentication system on Samsung Gear Fit 2 and conducted a real-world experiment on 20 volunteers. And we collected 13000 gesture samples to evaluate our system. Results show that our system can achieve a classification accuracy of at least 95.45%. In attacking scenario, our system can achieve an equal error rate lower than 4%. The maximum number of samples required by a well-trained classifier is 25.
The AlphaServer 2100 I/O subsystem (1994)

The AlphaServer 2100 I/O subsystem contains a dual-level I/O structure that includes the high-powered PCI local bus and the widely used EISA bus. The PCI bus is connected to the server&apos;s multiprocessing system bus through the custom-designed bridge chip. The EISA bus supports eight general-purpose EISA/ISA connectors, providing connections to plug-in, industry-standard options. Data rate isolation, disconnected transaction, and data buffer management techniques were used to ensure bus efficiency
Therapy and Monitoring of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Type II in Critically Ill Patients During Continuous Venovenous Hemodiafiltration: Comparison of aPTT and Ecarin Clotting Time for Monitoring of r-Hirudin Therapy (2002)

We conducted a survey of therapy, complications, and monitoring of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) type II in critically ill patients during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). We also compared activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and ecarin clotting time (ECT) for monitoring recombinant (r)-hirudin therapy. Six patients with HIT type II were treated with r-hirudin and were on CVVHDF due to acute renal failure (blood flow rate 90 ml/hr, dialysate flow rate 1 L/hr, substitution 1 L/hr predilution, acrylonitrile membrane 0.9 m 2 ). The mean duration of CVVHDF was 6.2 ± 3.6 days (range 3-17 days). Diagnosis of HIT was established 5.0 ± 1.5 days (range 3-8 days) after a decrease in the platelet count. Three of six patients had other possible reasons for thrombocytopenia apart from HIT, such as massive transfusion, sepsis, or liver cirrhosis. Three thromboembolic events occurred before the diagnosis of HIT was established, none of them during treatment of HIT with r-hirudin. In all patients the platelet count doubled or increased up to 100/nl within 2.5 ± 0.5 days. The dose-response relationship of r-hirudin and aPTT was not satisfactory ( r = 0.371). In patients receiving CVVHDF with one of two different doses of r-hirudin (1 mg/hr versus 2 mg/hr), there was no difference in aPTT ( p < 0.77) but a significant difference in ECT ( p < 0.001). The correlation between r-hirudin dose and ECT was r = 0.654 ( p < 0.0001). r-Hirudin was safe and effective in the treatment of HIT type II in critically ill patients during CVVHDF. ECT seems to be superior to aPTT for monitoring r-hirudin therapy because it correlates better with the concentrations of r-hirudin.
Spontaneous Narrative-Discourse Performance of Parents of Autistic Individuals (1991)

The spontaneous narrative-discourse performance of parents of autistic individuals was compared to controls. The narratives of autism parents were similar in length to controls' narratives but were less complex and less coherent. A subgroup of autism parents produced either skeletal or rambling narratives that were not characterized by the type of simplifications that are reported to facilitate comprehension in very young or language-impaired children. The narrative-discourse deficits of this subgroup appeared to be consistent with the hypothesis of a genetic liability for autism that expresses in milder forms and may include impaired language abilities.