gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Structure and Photochemical Reactions of Trimethylsilylmethyl-Substituted Masked Disilene (1998)

Abstract (Trimethylsilylmethyl)trimethyldisilene was generated photochemically from 1-phenyl-7-trimethylsilylmethyl-7,8,8-trimethyl-7,8-disilabicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5-diene (masked disilene). UV spectrum and regioselectivity of the addition reaction of phenols to the disilene were discussed. The molecular structure of the masked disilene was also determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Genetic Studies with TWo Superoxide Dismutase Loci in Soybean (1989)

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of water‐soluble seed proteins from soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.J, followed by specific staining for superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, detects up to nine achromatic bands in homozygous genotypes. A variant pattern, in which bands 8 and 9 have decreased mobilities, is observed in some soybean lines. This study was conducted to determine the mode of inheritance of this variant and to test for linkage between two SOD loci and several other loci. The inheritance of the variant pattern for bands 8 and 9 was investigated in segregating populations. The variant is coded by a single locus with codominant alleles Sod2 ‐ a (slow pattern) and Sod2 ‐ b (fast pattern). Sod1 and Sod2 were tested for linkage with several isozyme and morphological marker loci in segregating populations. The Sod1 locus segregated independently of 16 other loci, and Sod2 is independent of 11 other loci. The Sodl locus is independent of the Sod1 locus. Both loci can be used as markers in soybean genetic or breeding research.
Poselets and their applications in high-level computer vision (2011)

Part detectors are a common way to handle the variability in appearance in high-level computer vision problems, such as detection and semantic segmentation. Identifying good parts, however, remains an open question. Anatomical parts, such as arms and legs, are difficult to detect reliably because parallel lines are common in natural images. In contrast, a visual conjunction such as “half of a frontal face and a left shoulder” may be a perfectly good discriminative visual pattern. We propose a new computer vision part, called a poselet, which is trained to respond to a given part of the object at a given viewpoint and pose. There is a wide variety of poselets—a frontal face, a profile face, a head-and-shoulder configuration, etc. A requirement for training poselets is that the visual correspondence of object parts in the training images be provided. We create a new dataset, H3D, in which we annotate the locations of keypoints of people, infer their 3D pose and label their parts (the face, hair, upper clothes, etc.). Our richly annotated dataset allows for creation of poselets as well as other queries not possible with traditional datasets. 
To train a poselet associated with a given image patch, we find other patches that have the same local configuration of keypoints and use them as positive training examples. We use HOG features and linear SVM classifiers. The resulting poselet is trained to recognize the visual patterns associated with the given local configuration of keypoints, which, in turn, makes it respond to a specific pose under a specific viewpoint regardless of the variation in appearance. 
High-level computer vision is challenging because the image is a function of multiple somewhat independent factors, such as the appearance model of the object, its pose, and the camera viewpoint. Poselets allow us to “untie the knot”, i.e. decouple the pose from the appearance and model them separately. We show that this property helps in a variety of high-level computer vision tasks. Our person detector based on poselets is the leading method on the PASCAL VOC 2009 and 2010 person detection competitions and naturally extends to other visual classes. We currently have the best semantic segmentation engine for person and several other categories on the PASCAL 2010 segmentation datasets. We report competitive performance for pose and action recognition and we are the first method to do attribute classification for people under any viewpoint and pose.
Automation of Transient Flight Loads Estimation for Spacecraft Design (1993)

Abstract Quick and effective estimation of transient dynamic flight loads is a critical part of the spacecraft design process. In this work, a transient base drive procedure is used to estimate the flight loads on a spacecraft, during the spacecraft design iterations. In this base drive procedure, only the spacecraft dynamic model is used as against a coupled spacecraft-launch vehicle dynamic model. The well established fixed interface modal model representation, with a determinate interface, is used for the spacecraft substructure. The second part of this paper is on a new, constrained optimization based procedure for notching the qualification level sine vibration loads, specified by the launch vehicle organization. Finally, the base drive and the sine vibration notch procedures are demonstrated on a spacecraft stick model and a spacecraft structure with solar arrays.
Synthesis, Stability, and Antimicrobial Studies of Electronically Tuned Silver Acetate <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Carbenes (2008)

A series of methylated imidazolium salts with varying substituents on the 4 and 5 positions of the imidazole ring were synthesized. These salts were reacted with silver acetate to afford their corresponding silver N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. These complexes were then evaluated for their stability in water as well as for their antimicrobial efficacy against a variety of bacterial strains associated with cystic fibrosis and chronic lung infections.
A 127&#x2013;140GHz injection-locked signal source with 3.5mW peak output power by zero-phase coupled oscillator network in 65nm CMOS (2014)

A high output power and high efficiency injection-locked millimeter-wave (mm-wave) signal source is demonstrated by zero-phase coupled oscillator network (CON) at 140GHz. Each oscillator unit-cell is designed by an inter-digital coupler with zero-phase shift and 0.4dB loss at 70GHz, and is further doubled to 140GHz by a push-push frequency doubler. With four in-phase coupled unit-cells, high output power 140GHz signal is generated at the center of the CON by an in-phase power combination of the second harmonics generated by push-push frequency doublers. Moreover, a 9.7% frequency-tuning-range (FTR) centered at 133.5GHz is achieved by inductive tuing at each oscillator unit-cell. The proposed mm-wave signal source is farbicated in 65nm CMOS process with compact core chip area of 0.13mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The measured results are: 3.5mW peak output power, 2.4% power efficiency and 26.9mW/mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> power density.
Characteristics of GABA receptors on the ocellar L-neurons of American cockroach Periplaneta americana. (2007)

The ocellar L-neurons of cockroach Periplaneta americana were used in the present study as model systems to investigate the pharmacological properties of the GABA receptors. To do so, a glass microelectrode was impaled into the axon of the L-neurons to record the membrane potential intracellularly and to monitor membrane response to GABA treatment and cercal stimulation by air puff. The traditional GABA and their receptor agonists were introduced through perfusion and/or iontophoresis to monitor their effects on the L-neurons. The GABA receptor antagonists were administered by perfusion to examine if the response of the L-neurons to GABA and/or cercal stimulation was changed. The results revealed that administration of GABA, muscimol and imidazole acetic acid, two GABAA agonists, produced depolarization on the L-neurons. However, treatment of 3-APS and guanidine acetic acid, another two GABAA agonists, evoked hyperpolarization on the L-neurons. Among those tested antagonists, only picrotoxin, GABAA antagonist, antagonize the depolarization induced by GABA and/or cercal stimulation. More interestingly, administration of strychnine, glycine receptor antagonist, largely attenuated the depolarization response of the L-neurons to cercal stimulation. This attenuation caused by strychnine was even stronger than that initiated by varied GABA antagonists. In addition, phaclofen, a GABAB receptor antagonist, showed no antagonistic effect. These results strongly suggest that the characteristics of GABA receptors of the ocellar L-neurons may differ from those in vertebrates. It may be more likely to be a novel GABA receptor.
Simultaneous application of the nuclear Overhauser effect and an N.M.R. shift reagent. Conformation of costunolide and dihydrocostunolide in solution (1973)

Conformations of the ten-membered ring sesquiterpene lactones costunolide (1) and dihydrocostunolide (2) in [2H]chloroform have been determined by intramolecular inter-nuclear Overhauser effect measurements in the presence of an n.m.r. lanthanide shift reagent, [2H27]Eu(fod)3; care must be taken in applying these techniques simultaneously.
Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Related Properties in Sections of the Developing Green Maize Leaf (1980)

Light and dark (14)CO(2) assimilation, pulse-chase ((14)CO(2) followed by (12)CO(2)) labeling experiments both in the light and in the dark, photorespiratory activity and some enzymes (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase, and NADP-malic enzyme) were followed in sections of 2.5 centimeters from the base (younger tissue) to the tip (oldest tissue) of the green maize leaf. Tissue was taken from the third leaf of 12- to 16-day-old plants consisting of sections 0 to 2.5 centimeters (base), 4.5 to 7.0 centimeters (center) and 9.0 to 11.5 centimeters (top) measured from the base. Some of these properties were also determined in the intact leaves of 4-day-old maize plants.Electron microscopy indicated a Kranz anatomy in all sections. Differentiation into mesophyll granal chloroplasts and bundle sheath agranal chloroplasts had taken place only in the center and top pieces.All of the sections contained PEP carboxylase, RuBP carboxylase, and NADP-malic enzyme. The ratio of PEP:RuBP carboxylase increased from 3.03 (top) to 4.66 (base) whereas the PEP carboxylase:NADP-malic enzyme ratio rose from 2.87 (top) to 9.57 (base).Under conditions of light or dark, the majority of the newly incorporated (14)CO(2) was found in malate and aspartate in all sections and in 4-day-old leaves. The (14)C-labeling pattern typical of C(4) plants was present in the center and top sections and to a lesser extent in the 4-day-old leaves. In the base tissue, the percentage of radioactivity in malate and aspartate remained relatively constant both during photosynthesis and pulse-chase experiments. In contrast, radioactivity in glycerate-3-phosphate decreased with time coupled to an increase in sugar phosphates. To account for the isotopic pattern in the base tissue, parallel fixation by PEP carboxylase and RuBP carboxylase was proposed with the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle functioning to some extent independently within the bundle sheath chloroplasts. The apparent lack of cooperation between the mesophyll and bundle sheath cells may have been due to inadequate levels of NADP-malic enzyme required for shuttling carbon as CO(2) from the PEP carboxylase products to the Calvin cycle.
Age at onset of inflammatory bowel disease and the risk of surgery for non‐neoplastic bowel disease (2007)

For Crohn's disease, but not ulcerative colitis, the risk of surgery for non-neoplastic bowel disease decreases with increasing age at diagnosis, irrespective of disease distribution and history of cigarette smoking.
Circulatory and respiratory responses of spontaneously breathing, laterally recumbent horses to 12 hours of halothane anesthesia (1993)

Cardiovascular and respiratory changes that accompany markedly long periods (12 hours) of halothane anesthesia were characterized. Eight spontaneously breathing horses were studied while they were positioned in left lateral recumbency and anesthetized only with halothane in oxygen maintained at a constant end-tidal concentration of 1.06% (equivalent to 1.2 times the minimal alveolar concentration for horses). Results of circulatory and respiratory measurements during the first 5 hours of constant conditions were similar to those previously reported from this laboratory (ie, a time-related significant increase in systemic arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, left ventricular work, PCV, plasma total solids concentration, and little change in respiratory system function). Beyond 5 hours of anesthesia, arterial blood pressure did not further increase, but remained above baseline. Cardiac output continued to increase, because heart rate significantly (P < 0.05) increased. Peak inspiratory gas flow increased significantly (P < 0.05) in later stages of anesthesia. There was a significant decrease in inspiratory time beginning at 4 hours. Although PaO2 and PaCO2 did not significantly change during the 12 hours of study, PVO2 increased significantly (P < 0.05) and progressively with time, beginning 6 hours after the beginning of constant conditions. Metabolic acidosis increased with time (significantly [P < 0.05] starting at 9 hours), despite supplemental IV administered NaHCO3. Plasma concentrations of eicosanoids: 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (PGF1 alpha, a stable metabolite of PGI2), PGF2 alpha, PGE, and thromboxane (TxB2, a stable metabolite of TxA2) were measured in 5 of the 8 horses before and during anesthesia. Significant changes from preanesthetic values were not detected. Dynamic thoracic wall and lung compliances decreased with time.
Strong blue emission from As doped GaN grown by molecular beam epitaxy (2000)

Arsenic doped GaN grown by molecular beam epitaxy has been studied by room temperature photoluminescence. In addition to the wurzite band edge transition, luminescence from the cubic phase and very strong blue emission at ∼2.6 eV are observed. The intensities of the blue and the cubic band edge emissions have a power law dependence on the As2 flux. The formation of the cubic phase has been explained by the initial formation of GaAs before substitution of the As by the more reactive N. The intensity of the blue emission at room temperature of the As doped samples is more than an order of magnitude stronger than the band edge emission in undoped samples.
Infrared Spectrum and Vibrational Potential Function of Ketene and the Deuterated Ketenes (1963)

Infrared spectra of solid ketene and ketene in argon reveal a new fundamental at lower frequency (CH2CO, 438 cm—1; CD2CO, 371 cm—1; CHDCO, 398 cm—1) than any previously reported. These spectra and additional gas-phase spectra provide a basis for a reassignment of the vibrational spectrum. The vibrational potential function, centrifugal distortion constants, Coriolis coupling constants, and thermodynamic properties of ketene have been calculated. The out-of-plane hydrogen bending force constant is found to be surprisingly low, about one-third of that for ethylene. In addition, the analysis of the rotational structure of several perpendicular bands yields improved estimates of the A moment of inertia and hence of the HCH angle (122.3°) and the C–H bond length (1.079 Å) of ketene.
Electroless Plating of Silver Nanoparticles/Nanolayer on Polyester Fabric Using AgNO<sub>3</sub>/NaOH and Ammonia (2013)

A new method of producing conductive polyester fabric by using a novel electroless plating of silver nanoparticles on the fabric is introduced. The fabric was first treated with silver nitrate and sodium hydroxide at 130 °C for 1 h and then with ammonia at boil for 1 h. This treatment enhanced the fabric surface activity, created surface roughness, improved nanoparticle absorption, and produced ethylene as a reducing agent. This led to the formation of silver nanoparticles condensed into a nanolayer on the fabric surface after post-treatment with ammonia. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the presence of pure silver metal with a crystal size of 14 nm. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy images and energy-dispersive X-ray patterns also showed the presence of a silver nanolayer comprising silver nanoparticles on the fabric surface. The fabric treated under optimized conditions exhibited a low electrical resistivity of around 1.3 Ω/square.
Output flux instabilities in a flowing-gas cw CO2 electric discharge laser (1975)

Temporal measurements of laser output flux of a flowing-gas cw CO2 electron-beam-sustainer electric discharge laser exhibit large fluctuations. The amplitude of the fluctuations varies from 20 to 100% depending on cavity pressure, unstable resonator output coupling, and discharge specific power loading. Sharp discontinuities are observed in the laser medium when output flux is extracted. Gain measurements made simultaneously with output flux extraction show large fluctuations both above and below cavity threshold. These results are consistent with a basic self-oscillation instability mechanism proposed for fast-flow cw lasers using unstable resonators.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of the Acetates of α‐Chloro Methyl Hemiacetals with Nucleophiles. Synthesis of 2‐Hydroxy‐1,4‐dithianes. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Hispanic Ethnicity Is Associated with Younger Age at Presentation and Worse Survival in AML (2016)

Abstract Introduction: Previous studies have suggested differences in presentation, prognostic factors and treatment outcomes between blacks and whites with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Such differences, however, are not well described in Hispanics, who are otherwise known to have higher rates of B-ALL and APL compared to whites. This study aimed to examine the relationship of the hispanic ethnicity with non-APL AML baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes in comparison to non-Hispanic whites. Methods: All patients diagnosed with AML between the years 2000-2010 were identified within the Montefiore Medical System in the Bronx, NY. Descriptive statistics were used to compare differences in baseline patient and disease characteristics between white and hispanic subjects. Kaplan Meier survival function was utilized to compare the survival experience of patients, stratified by key prognostic factors. Cox PH multivariable models were constructed to look at ethnic differences in overall survival (OS), adjusted for clinically important and statistically significant prognostic variables. Results: 248 evaluable subjects with newly diagnosed AML were identified, among which 153 were whites (n=80) and Hispanics (n=73). Hispanics were significantly younger at presentation compared to whites [median age 59 (45-71) vs 70yrs (57-82), p<0.001]. The cytogenetic profile of AML in Hispanics (favorable 8.8%, intermediate 49.1%, high-risk 42.1%) was not significantly different when compared to Caucasians (favorable 3.8%, intermediate 58.5%, high-risk 37.7%, p=0.51) A subset of patients (n=81) had mutational testing done, that revealed a higher frequency of p53 mutations in hispanic (7/33, 21%) compared to white patients (1/25, 4%). Other mutations were not significantly different between the groups. 66% of Hispanics were treated with "7+3" induction chemotherapy, compared to only 50% of whites, due to the higher proportion of elderly AML patients in the latter group (p=0.09). Only 68% of those Hispanic AML patients induced, however, achieved complete remission compared to 76% of whites (p=0.45). The rates of allogeneic transplantation were similar in both ethnic groups (H: 12.7%, W: 11.3%, p=0.27). In multivariable Cox PH analysis, adjusted for age, cytogenetic risk group and initial treatment modality, Hispanics were noted to have significantly lower OS compared to whites (HR 1.72, 95%CI 1.02 - 2.88, p=0.04). Conclusion: In this multiethnic, multiracial, single-center, inner-city adult AML cohort, we report for the first time that even though AML in Hispanics presents at an earlier age, it is associated with worse OS. The higher frequency of deleterious p53 mutations in hispanic AML patients could explain their poorer outcomes. Ongoing mutational studies are testing larger cohorts of patients and will be reported at ASH. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Size exclusion chromatography – A blessing and a curse of science and technology of synthetic polymers (2010)

Size exclusion chromatography, SEC is one of the most popular methods for the separation of different kinds of macromolecules. This critical review gives concise information about macromolecules and their behavior in solution, basic understanding about principles, instrumentation, and application possibilities of SEC, and more in detail discusses drawbacks and pitfalls of the method with the emphasis on synthetic polymers. Selected practical advices are included to help enhance the quality of SEC results.
S-(DICHLOROVINYL)-L-CYSTEINE: AN AGENT CAUSING FATAL APLASTIC ANEMIA IN CALVES<sup>1</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTS-(DICHLOROVINYL)-L-CYSTEINE: AN AGENT CAUSING FATAL APLASTIC ANEMIA IN CALVES1L. L. McKinney, F. B. Weakley, A. C. Eldridge, R. E. Campbell, J. C. Cowan, J. C. Picken Jr., and H. E. BiesterCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 14, 3932–3933Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01571a093https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01571a093research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views52Altmetric-Citations58LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Chemistry and Stereochemistry of Iridoids, X. Enantiomerically Pure Hexahydropentalene Derivatives – Building Units for the Synthesis of Cyclopentanoid Natural Products (1987)

Abstract The synthesis of the enantiomerically pure hexahydropentalene derivatives 5a–5e starting from the iridoid glucoside catalpol is described. The absolute configuration reported for (1α,3aβ,6aβ)‐1,2,3,3a,4,6a‐hexahydro‐1‐pentalenol ( 5d ), which has been obtained by optical resolution, is confirmed by preparation of the crystalline camphanate 5e .
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 5,6‐DIHYDROPYRAN‐3(4H)‐ONE (1981)

Abstract Das Diketon (I) wird nach Acetalisierung zum Dioxolan (II) zum Alkohol (III) reduziert.