gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detecting X-ray refraction in weakly absorbing thin films of beryllium and carbon (2009)

Features of X-ray refraction (XR) in thin, weakly absorbing films of beryllium and carbon are considered for radiation with a wavelength of λ ∼ 0.1 nm incident at a small grazing angle. It is established that an interference modulation of the angular diagram of XR appears due to the elastic wave scattering on defects of the film surface and the subsequent specular reflection from the film-substrate interface. The proposed experimental scheme of XR observation and the corresponding calculation model ensure determination of the film thickness at the sample edge to within ∼1%.
Polymers from sulfamide. II. Evaluation and structure (1964)

Abstract Acid‐ and base‐catalyzed polymers involving sulfamide, melamine, and formaldehyde have been prepared and investigated. The products are insoluble and their thermal stability does not exceed 225°C. in N 2 .
Sympathy of<i>Orius insidiosus</i>and<i>O. pumilio</i>(Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) in North Central Florida (2009)

Two closely related species of Anthocoridae, the minute pirate bugs Orius insidiosus (Say) and O. pumilio (Champion), were collected together from false Queen Anne's lace/ large bullwort (Ammi majus) planted on an organic farm in Gainesville, Alachua Co., FL., over a period of 5 successive weeks. The presumptive prey on the false Queen Anne's lace was a single species of thrips, Frankliniella bispinosa (Morgan). In the first 4 weekly collections from the flower heads, the densities of O. insidiosus adults were 2.7-fold higher than those of O. pumilio. No eggs or nymphs of either species were observed on the plants. Sex ratios (males:females) of 2.7 and 1.0 were observed for O. insidiosus and O. pumilio, respectively. A colony of O. insidiosus was established from field-collected specimens. The sex ratio of the F1 generation from this colony was 1.0, suggesting that the skewed field sex ratio was not a genetic phenomenon. These data demonstrate that these sympatric predators coexist at least temporarily, feeding on pests of the false Queen Anne's lace.
Bioactive lipids accumulate in stored red blood cells despite leukoreduction: a targeted metabolomics study (2016)

While the exact role the accumulation of PUFAs and oxylipins plays in RBC unit quality and transfusion medical outcomes remains undetermined, the analytes of interest in this study may serve as biomarkers for lipid degradation and oxidation during storage and may induce changes in human physiology upon transfusion.
On seismic deghosting by spatial deconvolution (2013)

ABSTRACT Receiver-side deghosting can be derived and implemented in the frequency domain as spatial deterministic deconvolution of marine pressure recordings. The deghosting/deconvolution operator is found analytically as the inverse Fourier transform of the wavenumber-domain wave equation deghosting function. For a sea surface reflection coefficient of −1, the wavenumber-domain deghosting function has well-known poles at fundamental frequencies equal to an integer multiple of a function of the receiver depth and the plane-wave dip angle relative to the depth axis. The first singularity is always at 0 Hz. The spatial deghosting operator has singularities at fundamental frequencies equal to an integer multiple of a function of the receiver depth, independent of its lateral coordinates. The first singularity is again at 0 Hz. In addition, the deghosting operator that is applied to 3D data has singularity when its lateral coordinate is zero. A simple numerical example demonstrates the method.
Transoral tongue base mucosectomy for the identification of the primary site in the work-up of cancers of unknown origin: Systematic review and meta-analysis (2019)

Tongue base mucosectomy, performed by TORS or TLM, is highly efficacious in identifying the unknown primary in the head and neck region.
Evidence for hidden quadrupolar fluctuations behind the octupole order in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>Ce</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.7</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>La<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mi>B</mml:mi><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>from resonant x-ray diffraction in magnetic fields (2014)

The multipole ordered phase in Ce${}_{0.7}$La${}_{0.3}$B${}_{6}$, emerging below 1.5 K and named phase IV, has been studied by resonant x-ray diffraction in magnetic fields. By utilizing diamond x-ray phase plates to rotate the incident linear polarization and a conventional crystal analyzer system, full linear polarization analysis has been performed to identify the order parameters. The analysis shows that the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{5g}$ (${O}_{yz}$, ${O}_{zx}$, ${O}_{xy}$) quadrupoles are more induced by the field than the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{3g}$ (${O}_{20}$ and ${O}_{22}$) quadrupoles on the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{5u}$ (${T}_{x+y+z}^{\ensuremath{\beta}}$) antiferro-octupole order in phase IV. The problem is that this result is contradictory to a mean-field calculation, which inevitably gives the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{3g}$ quadrupole as the main induced moment. This result indicates that the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{5g}$ quadrupole order is close in energy. We consider that a large fluctuation of the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{5g}$ quadrupole is hidden behind the primary ordering of the ${\ensuremath{\Gamma}}_{5u}$ octupole and that the multipolar fluctuation significantly affects the ordering phenomenon.
Lateral Control and Observation of a Micro Aerial Vehicle (2007)

A feedback controller and state observer are analyzed for a tailless Micro Aerial Vehicle (MAV) which is to be used for in-situ sensing of toxic plumes. The state space model for the lateral dynamics of the aircraft are determined using a combination of Computational Fluid Dynamics and lifting line theory. The response of the system is then simulated for a set of initial conditions and for a gusty environment, with sensor noise also modeled. It is found that the system is both completely reachable and completely observable for both oneand two-sensor configurations. However, for the single-sensor case, the system does not respond well because the eigenvectors of the system are nearly collinear.
SURF imaging for contrast agent detection (2009)

A contrast agent detection method is presented that potentially can improve the diagnostic significance of ultrasound contrast agents. Second order ultrasound field (SURF) contrast imaging is achieved by processing the received signals from transmitted dual frequency band pulse complexes with overlapping high-frequency (HF) and low-frequency (LF) pulses. The transmitted HF pulses are used for image reconstruction, whereas the transmitted LF pulses are used to manipulate the scattering properties of the contrast agent. In the present paper, we discuss how SURF contrast imaging potentially can overcome problems and limitations encountered with available contrast agent detection methods, and we give a few initial examples of in vitro measurements. With SURF contrast imaging, the resonant properties of the contrast agent may be decoupled from the HF imaging pulses. This technique is thus especially interesting for imaging contrast bubbles above their resonance frequency. However, to obtain adequate specificity, it is typically necessary to estimate and correct for accumulative nonlinear effects in the forward wave propagation.
Toxicity of levodopa and dopamine on cultured rat mesencephalic cells (2003)

Objective: To observe the toxic effects of levodopa and dopamine on cultured rat mesencephalic cells.Methods: Survival and function of DAergic neurons were assessed by immunohistochemical measurement of the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive cells and by isotope detection of DA uptake. The survival of astrocytes was measured by immunohistochemical detection of the number of GFAP positive cells. The survival of non DAergic neurons was detected by MTT assay. Results: The number of TH positive cells and GFAP positive cells as well as the viability of mesencephalic cells were significantly lower in levodopa or dopamine treated groups in a dose dependent manner. The remaining neurons became smaller and the process of axon was reduced, shortened or broken. TH and GFAP positive cells were more severely affected than non DAergic neurons after exposure to low dose of levodopa or dopamine. Conclusion: Levodopa and dopamine were neurotoxic to both DAergic and non DAergic neurons in mesencephalic neuronal enriched cultures from rat embryos. \[
Pulse Transmission on a Slow-Wave MIS and Schottky Coplanar Waveguide with Finite Conductor Thickness (1985)

A full-wave mode matching analysis is applied to a slow-wave coplanar waveguide with finite conductor thickness on a lossy substrate. The time domain response is computed by knowing the accurate frequency domain data. The analysis is for the designs of high speed digital and wideband analog integrated circuits.
Neurotoxic Manifestations of an Overdose Intrathecal Injection of Gadopentetate Dimeglumine (2010)

The intravenous administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine (GD) is relatively safe and rarely causes systemic toxicity in the course of routine imaging studies. However, the general safety of intrathecal GD has not been established. We report a very rare case of an overdose intrathecal GD injection presenting with neurotoxic manifestations, including a decreased level of consciousness, global aphasia, rigidity, and visual disturbance.
Executive functions and adhd in adults: Evidence for selective effects on ADHD symptom domains. (2005)

Dual-process models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that both executive functioning and regulatory functions (e.g., processing speed) are involved and that executive function weaknesses may be associated specifically with symptoms of inattention-disorganization but not hyperactivity-impulsivity. Adults aged 18-37 (105 with ADHD, 90 controls) completed a neuropsychological battery. The ADHD group had weaker performance than did the control group (p<.01) on both executive and speed measures. Symptoms of inattention-disorganization were uniquely related to executive functioning with hyperactivity-impulsivity controlled. Inattention was associated with slower response speed, and hyperactivity-impulsivity with faster output speed. Results were not accounted for by IQ, age, gender, education level, or comorbid disorders. Findings are discussed in terms of developmental and dual-process models of ADHD leading into adulthood.
Absence of the RET+3:T allele in the MTC patients (2012)

The mutations of the RET proto-oncogene contributes to the development of MTC by increasing the activity of the receptor encoded by this gene. Variant T of polymorphism rs2435357 located in the enhancer of the RET gene reduces the enhancer's activity. The opposite effects of rs2435357 and the mutations causing medullary thyroid carcinoma resulted in the investigation of the status of this polymorphism in patients with MTC. In our study, we compared the frequency of polymorphism rs2435357 in the group of 48 MTC patients with its frequency in Polish population. The frequency of heterozygotes C/T at rs2435357 reached almost 12% (18/152) for the Polish population, in contrast to the group of MTC patients where not even a single T allele was found. The frequency difference is statistically significant. This observation might indicate that the presence of the heterozygous T allele at rs2435357 may be associated with the inhibition of medullary thyroid carcinoma development.
The important role of feature selection when clustering load and generation scenarios (2013)

Power market models can generate load and generation scenarios, for a given market regulation. The generated scenarios can be interpreted as a sample of the future utilisation of the power network, and be used as a basis for a contingency and reliability analysis. However, to use all the generated scenarios as input in a contingency and reliability analysis can lead to quite extensive computational requirements. A data reduction framework, which finds groups of similar scenarios, and only uses the group characteristics as input in a contingency and reliability analysis, is presented and discussed. It is shown that the data reduction framework can reduce the computational requirements by about 90% with little loss of accuracy. However, the success of this approach is highly dependent on which features that are used to quantify similarity between scenarios, and it is shown that choosing a set of nonoptimal features leads to large errors. The feature selection is compared with the choice of clustering algorithm, and shows that the feature selection process has a much large impact on the results than the choice of clustering algorithm.
ANTIMYCIN A COMPONENTS. I (1970)

Antimycin A is a complex of four major components designated as A1, A2, A3 and A4, which were isolated, A4 for the first time, in pure crystalline form. All components exhibited the same fungicidal activity, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y-30 as the test organism ; the higher activity of A3 reported before was found to be only apparent, and could be attributed to its higher diffusion coefficient in agar. The teleocidal activity was also the same for all components. Mutations to increased production of antimycin A do not necessarily lead to a change of composition; but, in the various mutants examined, when a change in composition was observed, it was in favor of A1. Three new minor components, designated as A0, A5 and A6, have been detected which represent not more than 1 % of the complex.
Learning to optimally detect image boundaries using brightness, color and texture (2010)

Goal: Psychophysics, e.g. Rivest and Cavanagh (1996), has shown that humans make combined use of multiple cues to detect and localize boundaries in images. We use a dataset of natural images to learn optimum cue combination of local brightness, texture and color, as well as quantify the relative power of these cues. Methods: Cue combination is formulated as supervised learning. A large dataset (∼1000) of natural images, each segmented by multiple human observers (∼10), provides the ground truth label for each pixel as having an oriented boundary element or not. The task is to model the posterior probability of a pixel being at a boundary, at a particular orientation, conditioned on local features derived from brightness, texture and color. Our features are based on computing directional gradients of outputs of V1-like mechanisms. Texture gradients are computed as differences in histograms of oriented filter outputs, and color gradients on histograms of a*, b* features in CIE L*a*b* space. Several types of classifiers ranging from logistic regression to support vector machines were trained. Performance was evaluated on a separate test set using a precision-recall curve which is a variant of the ROC curve. This curve can be summarized by its optimal F-measure, the harmonic mean of precision and recall. Results: (1)The precise form of the classifier does not matter-equally good results were obtained using logistic regression (weighted linear combination of features) as with more complicated classifiers. (2) Singly, brightness, texture and color yield F-measures of 0.62, 0.61, and 0.60 respectively. The optimal gray-scale combination of brightness and texture has an F-measure of 0.65 and addition of color boosts it to 0.67. These results indicate that the different cues are correlated but do carry independent information. By measuring inter-human consistency, the gold standard F-measure is 0.8, thus quantifying the gap left for more global and high-level processing.
Segmented matched filtering of single event related evoked potentials (1995)

A fast segmentation-based Matched Filtering (MF) technique of single trial Evoked Potentials (EP's) is presented. MF improves the Signal-to-Noise Ratio of single EP's, reducing the number of repetitions necessary to obtain high quality signals by an order of magnitude. A computer simulation and analysis of experimental data of Movement Related Potentials and cognitive Event Related Potentials demonstrate the superior capabilities of MF compared to traditional Ensemble Averaging.
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER OF AS-BUILT AND PRELIMINARY SURVEYS USING GPS, SOFT PHOTOGRAMMETRY, AND VIDEO LOGGING (2002)

This research involved two studies: one to determine the local geoid to obtain mean sea level elevations from a global positioning system (GPS) to an accuracy of + or - 2 cm, and the other to determine the location of roadside features such as mile posts and stop signs for safety studies, geographic information systems (GIS), and maintenance applications, from video imageries collected by a van traveling at traffic speed. Four phases of local geoid determinations were conducted for nine stations in Story County. The variation fluctuated with time and the mean of all three had standard errors of less than + or - 2 cm. It was noted that the variations in local geoid may be due to motion of the axis of rotation of the earth. A need for a fixed-height antenna for all stations was indicated. It was also found that two sessions of observation can be used to detect blunders. It is recommended that the variation of local geoid over a long period of time, about 4-18 years, be studies so as to determine the validity of the moving average. A video logging van captured imageries at three test sites: Grand Avenue, an urban site; EDM baseline, a rural site; and US 30 in Nevada, a freeway, at 55 mph. Evaluation of the data showed that the roadside feature location can be determined with relative accuracy better than 10 cm and absolute accuracy of + or - 2 cm, depending on the global positioning system. The method developed was used to determine the state plane coordinates of mileposts and anchor points located along a 14-mile portion of US 30 from Ames to Nevada, Iowa. This information can be used in GIS and maintenance applications, as well as in safety studies. It is recommended that the Iowa Department of Transportation update the video logging van with a kinematic carrier phase GPS and conduct research with automatic data capture and by creating virtual roads.
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of carbon electrode surfaces following silver electrodeposition (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of carbon electrode surfaces following silver electrodepositionYang Wang. Alsmeyer and Richard L. McCreeryCite this: Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 13, 1289–1295Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00013a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00013a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views523Altmetric-Citations39LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Securitization and Systemic Risk Amid Deregulation and Regulatory Failure (2009)

During the recent housing boom, private-label securitization without regulation was unsustainable. Without regulation, securitization allowed mortgage industry actors to gain fees and to put off risks. The ability to pass off risk allowed lenders and securitizers to compete for market share by lowering their lending standards, which activated more borrowing. Lenders who did not join in the easing of lending standards were crowded out of the market. Meanwhile, the mortgages underlying securities became more exposed to growing default risk, but investors did not receive higher rates of return. Artificially low risk premia caused the asset price of houses to go up, leading to an asset bubble and creating a breeding ground for market fraud. The consequences of lax lending were covered up and there was no immediate failure to discipline the markets.\nThe market might have corrected this problem if investors had been able to express their negative views by short selling mortgage-backed securities, thereby allowing fundamental market value to be achieved. However, the one instrument that could have been used to short sell mortgage-backed securities-the credit default swap-was also infected with underpricing due to lack of minimum capital requirements and regulation to facilitate transparent pricing. As a result, there was no opportunity for short selling in the private-label securitization market. The paper ends with a proposal for countercyclical regulation to prevent a race to the bottom during the height of the business cycle.
G Proteins and Regulation of Adenylyl Cyclase (1989)

The cellular plasma membrane contains highly specialized systems for integration, amplification, and transduction of information that presents itself in the form of extracellular hormones, neurotransmitters, other regulatory molecules, and physical stimuli. A major mechanism for processing this information involves the sequential interactions of three membrane-bound proteins. Receptors for many extracellular regulators bind these molecules and interact with one or more of a family of guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G proteins). Conformational alteration of the G protein permits exchange of tightly bound guanosine diphosphate (an inactive ligand) for guanosine triphosphate (the activating ligand). The guanosine triphosphate-bound G protein in turn interacts with intracellular effector molecules, such as adenylyl cyclase, and controls their functions.
[2 roentgen projections for the subacromial space before and following acromioplasty. Results of a study series of 40 patients]. (1991)

It is suggested that two radiological projections of the scapula, an AP view and a lateral (tunnel) view, be obtained in order to estimate the form and size of the acromion before and after acromioplasty. In order to evaluate the standardized films precisely, a film must have been taken for comparison before the surgery. As the method described is easily reproducible, it can be used to evaluate the effect of an acromioplasty irrespective of whether the procedure was an open or an arthroscopic one. The radiological results can be correlated with the functional results at the beginning of rehabilitation and at the end of this period. More sophisticated studies might require a more elaborate X-ray technique than the one proposed in this article.
Crystallization and Preliminary X-Ray Crystallographic Analysis of bHLH Domain of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nucleus Translocator (2001)

The basic-helix-loop-helix(bHLH) DNA binding domain of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nucleus translocator (Arnt) was purified and crystallized in glutathione S transferase (GST) fusion form. The tetragonal crystal was grown in ammonium sulfate condition and diffracted up to 2.2 A. Keywords: CRYSTALLIZATION AND PRELIMINARY X-RAY, DNA binding domain, nucleus translocator