gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Physiology and pathophysiology of liver inflammation, damage and repair. (2008)

The liver is the largest organ of the body. It is located between the portal and the general circulation, between the organs of the gastrointestinal tract and the heart. The main function of the liver is to take up nutrients, to store them, and to provide nutrients to the other organs. At the same time has the liver to take up potentially damaging substances like bacterial products or drugs delivered by the portal blood or microorganisms, which reach the circulation. The liver is not only an important power and sewage treatment plant of the body. In fact, the liver is probably the best example for a cheap recycling system. Both parenchymal and nonparenchymal liver cells participate in the clearance activities. The function of the liver as clearance organ, however, harbors the danger that the substances that should be degraded and/or eliminated lead to tissue damage. Thus, effective defense mechanisms are necessary. Among the nonparenchymal cells Kupffer cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells, and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes exert cellular defense functions for the whole body but also for the liver itself. Furthermore, each cell type of the liver, including the hepatocytes, possesses its own defense apparatus.
The West Coast Picket Fence Experiment during STORM-FEST (1995)

Mesoscale weather systems that develop in the central United States are often forced by environmental features that have formed far upstream over the conventional data-sparse Pacific Ocean. Although remotely sensed observations, such as satellite retrievals, are becoming more numerous and accurate, they still may not have the resolution necessary to enhance global model-based analyses and forecasts over this region. These global model products are the primary source of lateral boundary conditions that have been found to have large impacts on the downstream forecast skill of regional mesoscale models over the United States. In addition, the temporal and spatial resolution of the current rawinsonde network along the West Coast may not be sufficient to detect and measure mesoscale flow features as they move inland. During the STORM-FEST experiment in February–March 1992, a “Picket Fence” of seven special rawinsonde stations were interspersed among the seven regular rawinsonde sites from Port Hardy, British Columbia, to San Diego, California. All sites obtained observations every 3 h rather than the normal 12 h. The objective of the Picket Fence was to examine the feasibility of using extra observations in time and space to improve upstream boundary conditions for forecasts of mesoscale weather events in the central United States. As a first step in examining the potential boundary condition impact of the Picket Fence, fluxes of mass, heat, momentum, potential energy, kinetic energy, and moisture across the West Coast resolved with various spatial and temporal combinations of Picket Fence data are compared with the 12-h regular upper-air sites as the standard. When a wave system crossed the middle of the Picket Fence, significantly different fluxes were calculated with the full spatial and 3-h Picket Fence observations. For other systems that crossed near the margins of the Picket Fence, only small changes were detected by the additional observations.
Combining Naive Bayes and Decision Tree for Adaptive Intrusion Detection (2010)

in the last decades. However, there remain various issues needed to be examined towards current intrusion detection systems (IDS). We tested the performance of our proposed algorithm with existing learning algorithms by employing on the KDD99 benchmark intrusion detection dataset. The experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm achieved high detection rates (DR) and significant reduce false positives (FP) for different types of network intrusions using limited computational resources.
Exchange transfusion in premature newborns: effect of maturity on thyrotropin and thyroxine responses. (1987)

The effects of exchange transfusion on plasma T4 and TSH were studied in two groups of premature newborns to evaluate the effect of maturation on the reactivity of the pituitary-thyroid axis. In newborns with a birth weight between 1900-2500 g (gestational age 35.4 +/- 0.45 weeks) the responses of both hormones were essentially similar to those reported previously for mature newborns (a profound decrease during the procedure and an increase 24 h later). In a group of newborns with a birth weight below 1900 g (average 1673 +/- 55, gestational age 32.7 +/- 0.72 weeks), however, the secondary increase in plasma T4 at 24 h after the procedure was absent. At this time both T4 and TSH levels were significantly lower than in those in heavier newborns. It is concluded that the ability to respond to exchange transfusion by an increase in plasma thyroxine at 24 h after the procedure matures at the gestational age between 32 and 35 weeks.
High-isolation polarization-independent optical circulator coupled with single-mode fibers (1991)

A high-isolation polarization-independent optical circulator is reported. The goal is to provide a simple structure that sharply diminishes the degradation on the isolation caused by imperfection of polarization separation in the polarizing beam splitters. The circulator structure is almost the same as that of a conventional circulator except that a birefringent plate is added to each port to achieve high isolation. The effectiveness of the added birefringent plate has been confirmed by calculation and experiment. Insertion loss and isolation of the fabricated circulator coupled with single-mode fibers have been measured to be <1.0 dB and >29.9 dB, respectively, for 1.299 mu m wavelength light. A loss ratio over 28.9 dB has been realized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Current limiting properties of YBCO-films on sapphire substrates (1999)

This work presents results of switching experiments with meander shaped YBCO films on sapphire substrates. For the experiments YBCO-layers with a thickness of 0.3 micrometer deposited on sapphire substrates with 2 inch in diameter were available. The critical current densities of the superconducters were about 10/sup 6/ A/cm/sup 2/. The films were coated with additional gold shunt layers to protect them against thermal destruction during the limiting process. Test results with a 30 cm long and 0.4 cm wide sample up to a nominal power of 3.4 kVA (235 V rms and 14.4 A rms) are reported. During the measurements attention was directed to the expansion of the first quenching zone. To detect the expansion several voltage taps along the entire length of the meander were mounted. It is shown that the thermal conductivity of the substrate exerts a strong influence on the quench expansion over the whole sample and therefore on the switching properties of FCLs.
(P(subscript k), S(subscript k))-Multidecomposition of C(subscript n, n-1) (2010)

In this paper, we investigate the multidecomposition problem of the crown C(subscript n, n-1) into k-paths and k-stars. Some sufficient conditions for the existence of the multidecomposition are given. Moreover, we consider the multipacking and multicovering of C(subscript n, n-1) with 3-paths and 3-stars, and give the maximum multipacking and minimum multicovering explicitly.
Alanine Aminotransferase (1967)

Abstract The substrate specificity of soluble alanine aminotransferase from pig heart was examined. On the basis of competitive inhibition studies it was concluded that, in many cases, the low reactivities of enzyme-substrate analogue complexes were due to the effect of the amino acid side chains on the maximum reaction velocity rather than to a change in the Michaelis constant. Formate was found to stimulate alanine aminotransferase-catalyzed amino transfer from alanine to either pyruvate or α-ketoglutarate, but to inhibit that from glutamate to either α-ketoglutarate or pyruvate. Rates of removal of the α-hydrogen atoms of glutamate and alanine in D2O were affected by formate in the same manner as were the rates of transamination. Other monocarboxylate anions inhibited both transamination reactions. Formate acted as a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-aminobutyrate transamination. Results were interpreted to mean that activation by formate was due to its binding to the site which normally binds the γ-carboxyl group of glutamate. No effect of formate on the spectrum of the enzyme in the presence of an excess of alanine and pyruvate was observed, and its effect on the spectrum of the enzyme in the presence of excess glutamate and α-ketoglutarate was slight. Two other enzymes, d-alanine aminotransferase from Bacillus subtilis and aspartate aminotransferase from pig heart, catalyze amino transfer from alanine to α-ketoglutarate, at rates which are increased by monocarboxylate anions.
Immobilization of Enzymes and Cells: Some Practical Considerations (2003)

The technology for immobilization of cells and enzymes evolved steadily for the first 25 years of its existence (1), but in recent years it has reached a plateau, if not a slight decline. However, the expansion of biotechnology, and the expected developments that will accrue from advances in genetic technology, has revitalized enthusiasm for immobilization of enzymes and cells (2). Research and development work has provided a bewildering array of support materials and methods for immobilization. Much of the expansion may be attributed to developments to provide specific improvements for a given application (3). Surprisingly, there have been few detailed and comprehensive comparative studies on immobilization methods and supports. Therefore, no ideal support material or method of immobilization has emerged to provide a standard for each type of immobilization. Selection of support material and method of immobilization is made by weighing the various characteristics and required features of the enzyme/cell application against the properties/limitations/characteristics of the combined immobilization/support. A number of practical aspects should be considered before embarking on experimental work to ensure that the final immobilized enzyme and/or cell preparation is fit for the planned purpose or application and will operate at optimum effectiveness (4–6). This chapter does not aim to provide a review of available methods, but does provide some background to assist in choice evaluation for support and method of immobilization.
Phase transitions of fluids in shear flow (1997)

We review theories and experiments on the effects of shear in fluids undergoing phase transitions. We put emphasis on near-critical fluids and polymer solutions as representative examples, but also discuss related problems in polymer blends, gels, and surfactant systems, etc. In near-critical fluids, convective deformations can drastically alter the critical behaviour, spinodal decomposition, and nucleation. In this case the hydrodynamic interaction suppresses the fluctuations and gives rise to a downward shift of the critical temperature (shear-induced mixing). The rheology in two-phase states, and effects of random stirring are also reviewed. In semidilute polymer solutions near the coexistence curve, on the other hand, the composition fluctuations can be strongly influenced by the viscoelastic stress. In shear flow, this dynamical coupling results in enhancement of the composition fluctuations (shear-induced demixing). They grow, but are eventually disrupted by convective deformations, yielding chaotic dynamical steady states where phase separation is incompletely taking place. Such nonlinear shear regimes are examined using computer simulations based on a viscoelastic Ginzburg - Landau model.
Micro-tube array on transflective liquid crystal displays for enhancing the backlight utiliation efficiency (2004)

A novel transflective LCD with micro-tube array structure is demonstrated to make most backlight be utilized effectively. By redistributing the area ratio of transmissive and reflective regions, high light efficiency in both transmissive and reflective sub-pixels can be yielded. Based on the principle of light collecting, a simulation model was established to characterize the features and optimize micro-tube array structure. Furthermore, a typical TFT-LCD process was utilized to fabricate the optimized structure. A prototype of micro-tube array was fabricated, and the measured enhancement of backlight utilization efficiency can be a factor of LSI.
Contextualize Your Listening: The Playlist as Recommendation Engine (2011)

2011 I certify that this thesis, and the research to which it refers, are the product of my own work, and that any ideas or quotations from the work of other people, published or otherwise, are fully acknowledged in accordance with the standard referencing practices of the discipline. I acknowledge the helpful guidance and support of my supervisors, Dr. Christophe Rhodes, Prof. Mark d’Inverno and It is not hyperbole to note that a revolution has occurred in the way that we as a society distribute data and information. This revolution has come about through the confluence of Web-related technologies and the approachinguniversal adoption of internet connectivity. Add to this mix the normalised use of lossy compression in digital music and the increase in digital music download and streaming services; the result is an environment where nearly anyone can listen to nearly any piece of music nearly anywhere. This is in many respects the pinnacle in music access and availability. Yet, a listener is now faced with a dilemma of choice. Without being familiar with the ever-expanding millions of
A Fuzzy Logic Map Matching Algorithm (2008)

Many Intelligent Transportation System applications require continuous and accurate positioning information of the vehicles traveling on the road network. The common devices used for vehicle location are based on Global Position System (GPS), dead-reckoning (DR) sensors, map matching (MM). The paper develops a fuzzy logic based map matching algorithm. The algorithm is tested on different road networks of varying complexity. The results show that the fuzzy logic based map matching algorithm provides a significant improvement over existing map matching algorithms both in terms of identifying correct links and estimating the vehicle position on the links.
Blood Conservation in Cardiac Operations. Cell Separation Versus Hemofiltration (1990)

BOLDT, J.; KLING, D.; BORMANN, B. VON; ZUGE, M.; SCHELD, H.; HEMPELMANN, G. Author Information
A case study of leaner centered practice in blended learning supported with Blackboard (2012)

This paper is written base on the background of a research conducted by Guangdong university educational technology center which named Guangdong university network teaching platform, resources construction and application status research. One of the aims in the research is to find out the outstanding teaching reform cases in blended learing. And in this paper, the authors carried out a case study which is one of the excellent cases weve found during the research mentioned above. It is a good example of blended learning supported with Blackboard in the school of economy in Jinan University, and the name is corporate finance. In this blended learning case, learner-centered theory and practice was used and the teaching result is good enough to surprise all of us when we are inquiring in Jinan Unversity. By analyzing the model in the course and interviewing the teachers and students in the class, the authors found out the factors which contributed in the course. It was just because that in the course the students were hosts, they feel they are respected by teachers, they as learners were the center of the class, the course can really be taught so successfully. This result can provide a good reference for the future research.
Vision-Based Vehicle Detection System With Consideration of the Detecting Location (2012)

In this paper, we propose a vision-based vehicle detection system. We use a method composed of a hypothesis generation (HG) step and a hypothesis verification (HV) step, following the general approach to vision-based vehicle detection systems. In the HG step, the system extracts hypotheses using shadow regions that appear under vehicles. In the HV step, the system classifies feature vectors extracted from hypotheses to determine whether those hypotheses are vehicles. Along with the histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), we propose and implement a new type of feature vector, i.e., HOG symmetry vectors, in this paper. We also propose a new classification method that uses data importance in the HV step. The data importance value is based on the locations of hypotheses to prioritize hypotheses that have greater risks of accident. Experimental results show the strong performance of our proposed system.
CVD Growth of In[sub 2]O[sub 3] Nanowires Using a Mixed Source of Indium and Indium Chloride (2008)

The growth of nanowires (NWs) at a lower precursor temperature of were investigated using a cost-effective chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method at growth temperatures of . Different reactants for CVD precursors were tested, and the only successful reactant for growing NWs was the mixture. The structure and crystallography of NWs was characterized by selected-area diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. It is proposed that the effective precursor formed by the reaction between indium and is able to dissociate and dissolute into gold catalysts for the purpose of growing CVD nanowires via the vapor-liquid-solid growth mechanism, but only is difficult to do and is easily oxidized to form crystals instead of NWs.
Measurement of Plasma and Intracellular S-Adenosylmethionine and S-Adenosylhomocysteine Utilizing Coulometric Electrochemical Detection: Alterations with Plasma Homocysteine and Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate Concentrations (2000)

Increased homocysteine in serum is associated with an increase in SAH and a decrease in the SAM/SAH ratio that could negatively affect cellular methylation potential. Accurate and sensitive detection of these essential metabolites in plasma and in specific tissues should provide new insights into the regulation of one-carbon metabolism under different nutritional and pathologic conditions.
Cytokines and Chemokines as Biomarkers of Tuberculosis (2013)

Tuberculosis (TB) is an old disease representing a major public health problem globally. The current widely used tools are very long time since licensed and are inefficient in diagnosing and prognosing of tuberculosis infection and disease. A new diagnostic test which is sensitive, specific and rapid is urgently needed for timely detection, appropriated treatment response and control. Biomarkers are crucial to the development of new diagnostic and prognostic tools, drugs and vaccines against tuberculosis and could be instrumental in reducing morbidity and mortality and curtailing spread of tuberculosis. In this review we shall highlight the progress of biomarkers focusing on cytokines and chemokines as biomarkers of tuberculosis infection and reactivation; tuberculosis disease and tuberculosis cure.
Estrogen–Growth Factor Interactions and Their Contributions to Neurological Disorders (2008)

Estrogen has diverse and powerful effects in the brain, including actions on neurons, glia, and the vasculature. It is not surprising, therefore, that there are many changes in the female brain as serum estradiol levels rise and fall during the normal ovarian cycle. At times of life when estradiol levels change dramatically, such as puberty, postpartum, or menopause, there also are dramatic changes in the central nervous system. Changes that occur because of fluctuations in serum estrogen levels are potentially relevant to neurological disorders because symptoms often vary with the time of the ovarian cycle. Moreover, neurological disorders (eg, seizures and migraine) often increase in frequency in women when estradiol levels change. In this review, the contribution of 2 growth factors targeted by estrogen, the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), will be discussed. Estrogen-sensitive response elements are present on the genes for both BDNF and VEGF, and they are potent modulators of neuronal, glial, and vascular function, making them logical candidates to mediate the multitude of effects of estrogen. In addition, BDNF induces neuropeptide Y, which has diverse actions that are relevant to estrogen action and to the same neurological disorders.
Optimizing parallel programs with explicit synchronization (1995)

We present compiler analyses and optimizations for explicitly parallel programs that communicate through a shared address space. Any type of code motion on explicitly parallel programs requires a new kind of analysis to ensure that operations reordered on one processor cannot be observed by another. The analysis, based on work by Shasha and Snir, checks for cycles among interfering accesses. We improve the accuracy of their analysis by using additional information from post-wait synchronization, barriers, and locks.
Correlation between NADPH Oxidase and Protein Kinase C in the ROS Production by Human Granulocytes Related to Age (2002)

These data suggest a correlation between age-related PKC activity, NADPH oxidase phosphorylation, and ROS production. The above correlations between unspecific and inflammatory responses related to age are discussed.
Seismic deconvolution by atomic decomposition: A parametric approach with sparseness constraints (2005)

In this paper an alternative approach to the blind seismic deconvolution problem is presented that aims for two goals namely recovering the location and relative strength of seismic reflectors, possibly with super-localization, as well as obtaining d
Emergence of a Small World from Local Interactions: Modeling Acquaintance Networks (2002)

How do we make acquaintances? A simple observation from everyday experience is that often one of our acquaintances introduces us to one of his or her acquaintances. Such a simple triangle interaction may be viewed as the basis of the evolution of many social networks. Here, it is demonstrated that this assumption is sufficient to reproduce major nontrivial features of social networks: short path length, high clustering, and scale-free or exponential link distributions.
Yeats and Tagore (1964)

T HE LONG association between Rabindranath Tagore, India's foremost modern poet, and W. B. Yeats has received scant notice from the critics and biographers of these two great figures. Yet their friendship, lasting for over thirty-seven years, had an important influence on both men. To Yeats, Tagore represented the wisdom and dignity of the East, and justified the faith that he had placed in the strength and vitality of Asian philosophy. For Tagore, Yeats was a vibrant symbol of the creative energy of the West. Yeats first heard of Tagore through William Rothenstein, the artist, who was Tagore's host in London during the Indian poet's visit in 1912 and 1913. When Tagore arrived at Rothenstein's in June 1912, he presented his English friend with several translations he had made from his Bengali poems while he was en route.' Rothenstein was delighted with these English translations and sent copies of them to Yeats, A. C. Bradley, and Stopford Brooke. Yeats's enthusiasm equalled Rothenstein's. Shortly after receiving the manuscript, he came to London where he went through the poems carefully. His delight is recorded in his introduction to the Gitanjali (1913), the book of poems drawn from the translations that Rothenstein had sent him. have carried the manuscript of these translations about with me for days, he wrote, reading it in railway trains, or on the top of omnibuses and in restaurants, and I have often had to close it lest some stranger see how much it moved me.2 Yeats met Tagore for the first time on the evening of June 27,