gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic Malware Signature Generation (2006)

The times when malware researchers could spend weeks analyzing a new piece of malware are long gone. Today newmalicious programs are written and distributed at such speed that it just is not possible. Virus scanners are the most common countermeasure against malware attacks and they need up-to-date signatures to successfully identify malware. This thesis describes Autosig, a program for automatic generation of malware signatures. The generation of signatures is based on the fact that most malware come in many different variants, but still share some invariant code. Using statistical data on how often certain byte combinations appear in legitimate files, Autosig extracts a substring from this invariant code to generate a signature. The signatures are tested and those that fail to pass all tests are discarded. By remembering all discarded signatures, Autosig learns which code to avoid. This technique has turned out to be successful in many of the time consuming routine cases, leaving the human analysts more time to generate working signatures for more complicated malware. It has also turned out helpful in replacing overlapping and redundant signatures, leading to a smaller signature database.
OriDB: a DNA replication origin database (2006)

Replication of eukaryotic chromosomes initiates at multiple sites called replication origins. Replication origins are best understood in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where several complementary studies have mapped their locations genome-wide. We have collated these datasets, taking account of the resolution of each study, to generate a single list of distinct origin sites. OriDB provides a web-based catalogue of these confirmed and predicted S.cerevisiae DNA replication origin sites. Each proposed or confirmed origin site appears as a record in OriDB, with each record comprising seven pages. These pages provide, in text and graphical formats, the following information: genomic location and chromosome context of the origin site; time of origin replication; DNA sequence of proposed or experimentally confirmed origin elements; free energy required to open the DNA duplex (stress-induced DNA duplex destabilization or SIDD); and phylogenetic conservation of sequence elements. In addition, OriDB encourages community submission of additional information for each origin site through a User Notes facility. Origin sites are linked to several external resources, including the Saccharomyces Genome Database (SGD) and relevant publications at PubMed. Finally, a Chromosome Viewer utility allows users to interactively generate graphical representations of DNA replication data genome-wide. OriDB is available at www.oridb.org.
Substituent parameter analysis of the carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts 4-substituted p-terphenyls (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSubstituent parameter analysis of the carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts 4-substituted p-terphenylsNancy K. Wilson and Robert D. ZehrCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 7, 1184–1188Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00346a008https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00346a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views164Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The start of the 50<sup>th</sup> year! (2004)

The Start of the 50 th Year!This issue of the AIChE Journal is the first of its 50 th year, an event worthy of some special recognition.This will be done in a number of ways during the year.First, in this issue you will find a list of the 100 most cited articles in the history of the Journal.These articles have hundreds of citations-and three have more than a thousand-which is evidence of the quality of articles published in the Journal and their impact on chemical engineering.Second, most of the issues this year will contain 50-year reviews of areas within chemical engineering by acknowledged leaders in their fields.The first of these reviews "Mathematics in Chemical Engineering: A 50-Year Introspection" by Doraiswami Ramkrishna and Neal Amundson appears in this issue.This will be followed by reviews of transport phenomena by R. Byron Bird, of biomedical engineering by Robert Langer and Nicholas Peppas, of thermodynamics by John M. Prausnitz and others in the months ahead.Also, there will be two sessions celebrating the golden anniversary of the Journal at the 2004 Annual Meeting of the Institute next November in Austin, TX.There have been many changes in the Journal since its founding under the leadership of Harding Bliss, and changes in both content and process will continue as the profession evolves.During the past year, we introduced a Web-based submission and review process that has reduced the average time between when an author submits a manuscript and it appears in print by more than two months.Our goal in the immediate future is to reduce this time by another two months to an average of about nine months for the print version.An important change with this issue is that John Wiley & Sons, Inc. has assumed post-editorial publishing responsibilities for the AIChE Journal (as well as two other AIChE publications, Environmental Progress and Process Safety Progress).This will have a number of advantages for authors and readers of the Journal, including the Wiley commitment to continued excellence of the Journal, the launching of online editions through Wiley Interscience with reference linking and improved searchability, the creation and distribution of a digital archive of all previous volumes of the Journal, and electronic publication of articles before their appearance in print.This and Wiley's worldwide marketing and distribution network hold the promise of a more rapid dissemination of articles in the AIChE Journal to a larger readership.While this editorial is not the place for a detailed history of the Journal, some retrospection is justified.When the Journal was introduced 1955, its foundation editor Harding Bliss wrote, "We plan to emphasize in the Journal those theoretical developments and research results which are immediately interesting to many and which it is hoped will be of great ultimate value for all."That is still our goal.Evidence of the success of the Journal was apparent from its start as a quarterly publication, to a bimonthly in 1962 and then monthly issues in 1985.Enhancing the electronic delivery of articles has been ongoing in an effort to keep abreast
Treatment of schizophrenia (1991)

The most important development in the treatment of schizophrenia has been that of remoxipride as a new neuroleptic drug. There are also interesting developments with other new drugs, with targeted versus continuous maintenance treatment, and with drug side-effects
Morphology of Calcite (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) Crystals Growing from Aqueous Solutions in the Presence of Li<sup>+</sup> Ions. Surface Behavior of the {0001} Form (2004)

Calcite crystals were nucleated and grown from supersaturated aqueous solutions in the presence of variable concentrations of lithium. The diagram of supersaturation vs [Li+]/[Ca2+] concentration ratio (“morphodrome”) shows a continuous habit variation, from the dominant {011̄1} rhombohedron (at low [Li+]/[Ca2+] ratio) to the dominant {0001} form (at high [Li+]/[Ca2+] ratio). The morphological change is interpreted in terms of two-dimensional layers having the structure of the monoclinic Li2CO3 crystal which are epitaxially adsorbed on the restructured {0001} form of calcite. Hence, even if {0001} is a K form (in the sense of Hartman-Perdok), the corresponding surface behaves like a F form, growing layer by layer from low to high supersaturation values.
Enhancing sulforaphane absorption and excretion in healthy men through the combined consumption of fresh broccoli sprouts and a glucoraphanin-rich powder (2011)

Sulforaphane (SF) is a chemopreventive isothiocyanate (ITC) derived from glucoraphanin (GRP) hydrolysis by myrosinase, a thioglucoside present in broccoli. The ability of broccoli powders sold as supplements to provide dietary SF is often of concern as many supplements contain GRP, but lack myrosinase. In a previous study, biomarkers of SF bioavailability from a powder rich in GRP, but lacking myrosinase, were enhanced by co-consumption of a myrosinase-containing air-dried broccoli sprout powder. Here, we studied the absorption of SF from the GRP-rich powder used in the previous study, but in combination with fresh broccoli sprouts, which are commercially available and more applicable to the human diet than air-dried sprout powder. A total of four participants each consumed four meals (separated by 1 week) consisting of dry cereal and yogurt with sprouts equivalent to 70 μmol SF, GRP powder equivalent to 120 μmol SF, both or neither. Metabolites of SF were analysed in blood and urine. The 24 h urinary SF-N-acetylcysteine recovery was 65, 60 and 24 % of the dose ingested from combination, broccoli sprout and GRP powder meals, respectively. In urine and plasma, ITC appearance was delayed following the GRP powder meal compared with the sprout and combination meals. Compared with the GRP powder or sprouts alone, combining broccoli sprouts with the GRP powder synergistically enhanced the early appearance of SF, offering insight into the combination of foods for improved health benefits of foods that reduce the risk for cancer.
Multisensor state fusion estimation with correlated measurement noise (2004)

Based on matrix theory, a new decomposed state fusion estimation algorithm is presented, and the covariance matrix of correlated measurement noise is successfully parallel decomposed. The algorithm is optimal for a special data fusion system, in which the covariance matrix of correlated measurement noise is a Pei-Radman matrix and observation matrices are identical.
Time-Series Modeling for Statistical Process Control (1988)

In statistical process control, a state of statistical control is identified with a process generating independent and identically distributed random variables. It is often difficult in practice to attain a state of statistical control in this strict sense; autocorrelations and other systematic time-series effects are often substantial. In the face of these effects, standard control-chart procedures can be seriously misleading. We propose and illustrate statistical modeling and fitting of time-series effects and the application of standard control-chart procedures to the residuals from these fits. The fitted values can be plotted separately to show estimates of the systematic effects.
Probability distributions of the aggregated residential load (2006)

This paper deals with the characterization of the probability distributions of the aggregated residential load. A detailed statistical study has been performed on a set of data referred to single-house extra-urban customers, in order to assess the time evolution of the average value and standard deviation of the aggregated load and its possible representation with some typical probability distributions. The results have shown that the aggregated residential load data can be satisfactorily represented by using a Gamma probability distribution with parameters variable in function of time and number of customers
Usefulness of S100B protein in neurological disorders. (2011)

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the clinical use of brain markers. The S100B is a calcium-binding peptide and is used as a parameter of glial activation and/or death in many disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). It plays important roles in normal CNS development and recovery after injury. Although S100B is mainly found in astroglial and Schwann cells, it also has extracerebral sources. S100B is a useful neurobiochemical marker of brain damage such as in circulatory arrest, stroke and traumatic brain injury. S100B is also associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease or other chronic neurological diseases. Moreover, S100B may have a potential in predicting the efficiency of treatment and prognosis. In this review, an updated overview of the role of S100B in human neurological disorders is presented.
Broadband dual-frequency V-shape patch antenna (2000)

A new design of a V-shape patch antenna for broadband dual-frequency operation is proposed. The radiating V-shape patch, supported by nonconducting post, is placed above the ground plane, and an H-shape coupling slot is cut in the ground plane and centered below the V-shape patch. Through the H-shape slot, electromagnetic energy is coupled from a microstrip feed line, printed on the other side of the ground plane, to the V-shape patch. Experimental results show that the proposed V-shape patch antenna can perform broadband dual-frequency operation. The impedance bandwidths, determined from 10 dB return loss, of the two operating frequencies can both be greater than 10%. Details of the antenna design and experimental results are presented and discussed. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 25: 121–123, 2000.
Separating Liquids From Solids by Pellet Flocculation (1975)

A new solid‐liquid separation process is described in which pellets are formed from suspended particles in a dispersion medium such as water. The process is known as pellet flocculation and should have useful applications in the water‐treatment field.
Warum jede (Werbe-)Sekunde zählt… (2004)

Mit der Zunahme des Fernsehprogrammangebotes und der Ausweitung der Werbung im Fernsehen ist das Zapping-Phänomen zu einem gern diskutierten Thema geworden, mit dem sich die Medien- und Werbefachleute auseinandersetzen. Im Jahr 2002 konnten die deutschen TV-Sender insgesamt 4,0 Mrd. Euro netto durch den Verkauf von Fernsehwerbezeit einnehmen. In Summe wurden 2,6 Mio. Werbespots im Fernsehen ausgestrahlt, 85 Prozent mehr als in 1996 (vgl. ZAW 2003, S. 296f.). Die Wirksamkeit des Werbefernsehens wird immer wieder in Frage gestellt. Für die Vermarkter von Fernsehwerbezeit stellt sich damit die Schwierigkeit, die Leistungsfähigkeit des Mediums Fernsehen als Werbeträger zu belegen und den Werbekunden Problemlösungen bei der Mediaplanung bieten zu können.
International Evidenceon the Determinants of Trade Dynamics (1997)

This paper provides some new empirical perspectives on the relationship between international trade and macroeconomic fluctuations in industrial economies. First, a comprehensive set of stylized facts concerning fluctuations in trade variables and their determinants are presented. A measure of the quantitative importance of international trade for the propagation of domestic business cycles is then constructed, focusing on the role of external trade as a catalyst for cyclical recoveries. Finally, structural vector autoregression models are used to characterize the joint dynamics of output, exchange rates, and trade variables in response to different types of macroeconomic shocks.
Physical map of Hz-1 baculovirus genome from standard and defective interfering particles (1990)

Restriction maps of the 228 kb genome of the Hz-1 standard baculovirus were constructed for XhoI, HindIII, EcoRI, SstII and SmaI, using cosmid pVK102 and pBluescript vectors. The genome does not contain a NotI restriction site. Three regions of the genome were unclonable and were mapped by isolation of DNA fragments, in vitro labelling and Southern hybridization procedures. Serial passage in tissue culture was used to produce defective interfering (DI) particles. The majority of DI particles in five virus isolates contained genomic deletions ranging from 24 to 52 kb in the 22 to 45 map unit region.
Resonance—Antiresonance of Conducting Piezoelectric Resonators (1965)

The input impedance of conducting piezoelectric plates, excited to thickness vibrations, is calculated and the equivalent circuit is shown. Antiresonance and resonance appear as maximum and minimum the resistance curve. They are just as strongly excited if ω0τ = 1. (ω0 = 2π×resonance frequency, τ = RC, the relaxation time of the circuit far from resonance.) Contrary to the case with nonconducting piezoelectric resonators, higher harmonics are advantageous for determining the electromechanical coupling coefficient.
Proceedings of International Conference on Systems Science and Engineering (ICSSE '88) : 25-28 July 1988, Beijing, China (1988)

Some 170 papers of the July 1988 meeting survey advances in the main areas of systems science and engineering. Areas covered include: theoretical and methodical developments; applications to population, telecommunication, transportation, and water resource systems; optimization, multicriteria decisi
PointNet: A 3D Convolutional Neural Network for real-time object class recognition (2016)

During the last few years, Convolutional Neural Networks are slowly but surely becoming the default method solve many computer vision related problems. This is mainly due to the continuous success that they have achieved when applied to certain tasks such as image, speech, or object recognition. Despite all the efforts, object class recognition methods based on deep learning techniques still have room for improvement. Most of the current approaches do not fully exploit 3D information, which has been proven to effectively improve the performance of other traditional object recognition methods. In this work, we propose PointNet, a new approach inspired by VoxNet and 3D ShapeNets, as an improvement over the existing methods by using density occupancy grids representations for the input data, and integrating them into a supervised Convolutional Neural Network architecture. An extensive experimentation was carried out, using ModelNet - a large-scale 3D CAD models dataset - to train and test the system, to prove that our approach is on par with state-of-the-art methods in terms of accuracy while being able to perform recognition under real-time constraints.
Noise analysis of conventional and gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifiers (2000)

We present a numerical study of the noise of conventional and gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), using a detailed device model. The model makes use of a density-matrix gain calculation, and takes into account the forward and backward amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) spectra and the spatial carrier hole-burning. The device is longitudinally divided into M sections and a rate equation for averaged photon and carrier densities is used for each section. We demonstrate that the accuracy on the calculated noise figure strictly depends on the number of sections M. We obtain a good tradeoff between the results accuracy and the computational complexity with M=8. The model is then applied to study the noise in a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR)-type gain-clamped SOA for varying signal power, pump current, and lasing wavelength. We show that changes in the spatial carrier profile caused by the input signal significantly affect the noise figure, even when the gain is constant. A slight dependence of the noise figure on lasing wavelength is also foreseen, while the dependence on the pump current is negligible. A new method for gain-clamped SOA noise figure reduction is proposed, based on unbalanced Bragg reflectors. An improvement of noise figure (NF) as large as 2 dB is devised.
Specific phosphorylation of the 2′- and 3′- positions in ribonucleosides (1969)

A. W. Schwartz, J. Chem. Soc. D, 1969, 1393a DOI: 10.1039/C2969001393A
Supplementary material from "The Cognitive Lens: a primer on conceptual tools for analysing information processing in developmental and regenerative morphogenesis" (2019)

Brains exhibit plasticity, multi-scale integration of information, computation and memory, having evolved by specialization of non-neural cells that already possessed many of the same molecular components and functions. The emerging field of basal cognition provides many examples of decision-making throughout a wide range of non-neural systems. How can biological information processing across scales of size and complexity be quantitatively characterized and exploited in biomedical settings? We use pattern regulation as a context in which to introduce the Cognitive Lens—a strategy using well-established concepts from cognitive and computer science to complement mechanistic investigation in biology. To facilitate the assimilation and application of these approaches across biology, we review tools from various quantitative disciplines, including dynamical systems, information theory and least action principles. We propose that these tools can be extended beyond neural settings to predict and control systems-level outcomes, and to understand biological patterning as a form of primitive cognition. We hypothesize that a cognitive-level information-processing view of the functions of living systems can complement reductive perspectives, improving efficient top-down control of organism-level outcomes. Exploration of the deep parallels across diverse quantitative paradigms will drive integrative advances in evolutionary biology, regenerative medicine, synthetic bioengineering, cognitive neuroscience and artificial intelligence.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Liquid brains, solid brains’.
Introduction: The Political Scene (1996)

The period from the Revolution of 1688 to the Reform Act in 1832 gave the modern world an early example of parties operating in a parliamentary nation. Those parties differed considerably, however, from the ones with which we are familiar today. Not until well into the nineteenth century did the terms Liberal and Conservative replace the older Whig and Tory as official party names. The Labour party came even later, in the early twentieth century. Moreover a large number of Members of Parliament existed in the earlier period without any party ties at all. Such independent Members could be won over by a party's policy from time to time, but they preserved their basic right to differ from the instinct which led others into political groupings. Outside Parliament nationwide party organisations were not fully present in British political life in the eighteenth century or even as late as the second Reform Act in 1867. This meant that new parliamentarians' party allegiances often had to be defined by their activities after entering Parliament rather than in advance of their election as is the case today when candidates are chosen by a constituency party.
REVIEWS Gilles Deleuze and the Theater of Philosophy. Edited by BOUNDASCONSTANTIN V. and OLKOWSKIDOROTHEA. New York-London, Routledge, 1994. ix + 343 pp. Hb £40.00; Pb £12.99. (1997)

REVIEWS Get access Gilles Deleuze and the Theater of Philosophy. Edited by CONSTANTIN V. BOUNDAS and DOROTHEA OLKOWSKI. New York-London, Routledge, 1994. ix + 343 pp. Hb £40.00; Pb £12.99. ANDREW BROWN ANDREW BROWN KING'S COLLEGECAMBRIDGE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume LI, Issue 3, July 1997, Pages 360–361, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/LI.3.360 Published: 01 July 1997