gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oxidatively Induced α-Hydrogen Abstraction. A Mild Protocol to Generate Terminal Titanium Alkylidenes Containing a β-Hydrogen (2006)

One-electron oxidation of the Ti(III) bis-isobutyl complexes (nacnac)Ti(CH2iPr)2 (1) (nacnac- = [ArNC(tBu)]2CH, Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3) and (PNP)Ti(CH2iPr)2 (4) (PNP- = N[2-P(CHMe2)2-4-methylphenyl]2) with AgOTf promotes exclusive α-hydrogen abstraction to provide the first structurally characterized examples of terminal group 4 alkylidenes bearing a β-hydrogen, namely, (nacnac)TiCHiPr(OTf) (2) and (PNP)TiCHiPr(OTf) (5). These complexes have been prepared and characterized by means of multinuclear NMR spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In the case of the nacnac framework, the reactive TiCHiPr motif can readily engage in an intramolecular Wittig-like rearrangement. However, the isobutylidene motif can be stabilized when supported by a more robust ancillary ligand such as PNP, which is demonstrated by the thermal resistance of 5 and the preparation of a rare example of a stable alkylidene methyl complex (PNP)TiCHiPr(Me) (6).
TERNA DEL INSTITUTO DE INGENIERÍA (1999)

LA TERNA DE CANDIDATOS A LA DIRECCION DEL INSTITUTO DE INGENIERIA QUEDO INTEGRADA POR BLANCA E. JIM‚NEZ CISNEROS, MARIO G. ORDAZ SCHROEDER Y FRANCISCO J. S NCHEZ SESMA.
Simple criteria for distinguishing between inner- and outer-sphere electrode reaction mechanisms (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSimple criteria for distinguishing between inner- and outer-sphere electrode reaction mechanismsMichael J. Weaver and Fred C. AnsonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1975, 97, 15, 4403–4405Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00848a048https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00848a048research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views311Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reiter's syndrome in Japan (1986)

Reiter's syndrome is a syndrome which has a classical triad of polyarthritis, conjunctivitis, and non-gonoccal urethritis, and is closely associated with histocompatibility antigen HLA-B27. In this paper we report a typical case of this syndrome with a review of fifty cases collected from Japanese literature.A 38 year-old male admitted our hospital with chief complaints of joint pain, pyuria and photophobia. He had had several episodes of urethritis and iritis. On admission he had polyarthritis, conjunctivitis, iritis, urethritis and balanitis circinatum. Labolatory data included accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 3+ C-reactive protein, and the presence of HLA B-27. Sacro-iliac joint was irregular and narrow by X-ray. The diagnosis of Reiter's syndrome was made. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were given for two months, but without effect. Within a few days of 30 mg prednisolone daily, his complaints disappeared and within one week inflammatory signs also disappeared.As far as we could identify, there are 51 cases of Reiter's syndrome in Japanese medical literature. Among them thirty-three cases had a classical triad of the syndrome, and 18 cases had also cutaneous lesions. HLA was examined in 11 cases and 7 of them demonstrated B-27. Over 80% of the patients steoidal therapy was effective, an observation different from reported cases in English literature. Elevated serum levels of GOT and GPT are reported in five casesincluding our own case, a finding which is also not common in English literature. HLA B-27 is quite rare (0.5%) among Japanese and this may partly account for the lower incidence of this syndrome in Japan.
H7N9 avian influenza A virus in China: a short report on its circulation, drug resistant mutants and novel antiviral drugs (2017)

The first human H7N9 avian influenza virus case was reported in Shanghai in 2013. Shortly thereafter, this virus spread to other regions in China. Molecular analysis indicated that the H7N9 virus is a reassortant virus containing internal genes from the H9N2 virus and previously described mammalian adaption markers, which could allow the virus to adapt efficiently to a mammalian host. Fortunately, there is no evidence of sustained person-to-person spread. Most of the human H7N9 cases have a history of exposure to live poultry markets (LPMs). The circulating H7N9 were low pathogenic viruses, however highly pathogenic H7N9 viruses were recently identified in human cases. Areas covered: In the present article, the circulation of H7N9 in LPMs of China, the five waves of H7N9 infection in humans, recently identified drug resistant mutants and potential antiviral drugs against H7N9 are discussed; this may provide further understanding of the evolution and pandemic potential of the H7N9 influenza viruses. Expert commentary: All the data reveal that the major source of H7N9 viruses are LPMs and the H7N9 virus is still circulating widely in China. It is concerning that the recent emergence of highly pathogenic H7N9 viruses may result in highly transmissible viruses in mammalian species.
Improved Sensitivity in the Detection and Differentiation of Citrus Huanglongbing Bacteria from South Africa and the Philippines (2000)

Author(s): Harakava, R.; Marais, L. J.; Ochasan, J.; Manjunath, K. L.; Febres, V. J.; Lee, R. F.; Niblett, C. L.
Effects of stimulated diffusion for simultaneous reaction and diffusion processes (1989)

The phenomena of stimulated diffusion in reaction-diffusion systems may cause transitions between states, each of which corresponds to specific forms (linear or nonlinear) of the diffusion coefficient. When this coefficient involves a higher order term, e.g., ε n3, (ε ≪ 1) in addition to e.g., a term linear in n, stimulated diffusion may ocur for high enough n, built up by the dynamic process.
Magnetic navigation in AV nodal re-entrant tachycardia study: early results of ablation with one- and three-magnet catheters (2006)

AVNRT can be successfully mapped and ablated using magnetic navigation. A learning curve was evident, unrelated to catheter type, but to increasing operator experience. Physician radiation times were one-third of patient times. No complications occurred. Procedure time is comparable with that of conventional ablation.
Germination Studies of Soybeans as a Biofuel Resource using Magnetic and Electromagnetic Fields (2007)

Summary form only given. A comparative study of biofuels made from the oils of canola, soybean, and olive has shown that soybean biofuel is the most efficient, with the highest energy emitted per gram per second. If manufactured correctly, biofuels have the potential to have energy output that can compete with fossil fuels. Thus there is a need to study the optimization of soybean as biofuel resources through the maximization of yield, plant growth and its protection against disease etc. Bio stimulation is one such optimization method and is accomplished through a host of bio stimulants such as i) Electromagnetic stimulation, ii) Magnetic stimulation, iii) Radiation with laser light, iv) Radiation of live organisms with ultraviolet (UV-rays), gamma rays, ultrasound, ionized radiation etc. Since it does not leave any toxic residue, both electromagnetic and magnetic fields are unique as bio stimulators. The germination of rice, barley, and lettuce seed show encouraging results using EM fields as stimulants. In this paper we present our findings on the germination of soybean seeds under EM and magnetic fields. Soybean seeds were subjected to several levels of bio stimulation. Initial moisture of the soybean seed prior to bio stimulation was 13%. 100 seed from each bio stimulation treatment were analyzed for % germination. In addition a portion of the seeds were germinated and grown to maturity. Mature seed were harvested from these plants and analyzed for stearic, palmitic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic fatty acids. Protein and oil concentrations were also evaluated on harvested soybean seed.
Regulation of calcium phosphate formation by amelogenins under physiological conditions (2011)

Amelogenin is essential for proper enamel formation. The present in vitro study extends our previous work at low (10 mM) ionic strength (IS) by examining the effect of amelogenin on mineralization under higher (162 mM) IS conditions found in developing enamel. Full-length phosphorylated (P173) and non-phosphorylated (rP172) amelogenins were examined, along with P148 and rP147 that lack the hydrophilic C-terminus. Calcium phosphate formation was assessed by pH change, while the minerals formed were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Amelogenin self-assembly was also studied using dynamic light scattering and TEM. The results indicate that IS does not influence the effects of rP147, rP172, and P173 on mineralization. However, in contrast to the findings for low IS, where both P173 and P148 stabilize initially formed amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanoparticles for >1 d, elongated hydroxyapatite crystals were observed after 24 h using P148 at high IS, unlike that seen with P173. Differences in self-assembly help explain these findings, which suggest that P173 and P148 may play different roles in regulating enamel mineral formation. The present data support the notion that proteolytic processing of P173 is required in vivo to induce the transformation of initial ACP phases to apatitic enamel crystals.
3-Alkylthiopyrroles: synthesis and oxidative polymerization to conductive materials (1990)

3-Alkylthiopyrroles are obtained by decarboxylation of 4-alkylthiopyrrole-2-carboxylic acids, in turn prepared by alkaline hydrolysis of the corresponding methyl ester. These compounds were accessible by thiocyanation of 2-methoxycarbonylpyrrole, followed by alkylation in basic media. Anodic coupling of 3-thioalkylpyrroles in 0.1 mol dm–3 tetraethylammonium perchlorate (TEAP)+ acetonitrile produces polypyrrole films which are reversibly oxidized around 0.0 V vs. Ag/Ag+ with 0.3 electrons per monomeric unit. Polymers were characterized by IR reflectance spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Conductivities are in the range (1–30)× 10–3 S cm–1.
Unique Substrate Specificity of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK):  Development of Phosphoacceptor Peptides for the Assay of ALK Activity (2005)

The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), whose constitutively active fusion proteins are responsible for 5-10% of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, shares with the other members of the insulin receptor kinase (IRK) subfamily an activation loop (A-loop) with the triple tyrosine motif Y-x-x-x-Y-Y. However, the amino acid sequence of the ALK A-loop differs significantly from the sequences of both the IRK A-loop and the consensus A-loop for this kinase subfamily. A major difference is the presence of a unique "RAS" triplet between the first and second tyrosines of the ALK A-loop, which in IRK is replaced by "ETD". Here we show that a peptide reproducing the A-loop of ALK is readily phosphorylated by ALK, while a homologous IRK A-loop peptide is not unless its "ETD" triplet is substituted by "RAS". Phosphorylation occurs almost exclusively at the first tyrosine of the Y-x-x-x-Y-Y motif, as judged by Edman analysis of the phosphoradiolabeled product. Consequently, a peptide in which the first tyrosine had been replaced by phenylalanine (FYY) was almost unaffected by ALK. In contrast, a peptide in which the second and third tyrosines had been replaced by phenylalanine (YFF) was phosphorylated more rapidly than the parent peptide (YYY). A number of substitutions in the YFF peptide outlined the importance of Ile and Arg at positions n - 1 and n + 6 in addition to the central triplet, to ensure efficient phosphorylation by ALK. Such a peculiar substrate specificity allows the specific monitoring of ALK activity in crude extracts of NPM-ALK positive cells, using the YFF peptide, which is only marginally phosphorylated by a number of other tyrosine kinases.
Ion beam amorphization of YBa2Cu3O<i>x</i> (1987)

The microstructure of ion-implanted thin films of the superconductor YBa2Cu3Ox has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The superconducting properties of the films were dominated by large pancake-shaped grains of YBa2Cu3Ox with their c axis perpendicular to the substrate. Other grains of YBa2Cu3Ox whose c axis was parallel to the substrate formed spherulites. Irradiation with 500 keV O+ ions caused amorphous zones to appear on the grain boundaries between the pancake grains, which initially were free of amorphous or second phases. At higher dose a continuous amorphous layer 150 Å thick was formed. However, the interior of the grains showed no irradiation-induced microstructural features until they became amorphous at a dose of 3×1014 ions/cm2. The appearance of the amorphous layer on the grain boundaries at low doses accounts for the reduction in the superconducting transition temperature observed in these films.
Mark Twain Describes a San Francisco Earthquake (1957)

“Jim Smiley and His Jumping Frog” was published in the New York Saturday Press on 18 November 1865. On that same day the New York Weekly Review announced ( xvi , 5): “… a contribution from the sprightly pen of M ark T wain , one of the cleverest of the San Francisco writers, will appear … next Saturday.” Accordingly, on Saturday, 25 November, the Weekly Review printed “The Great Earthquake in San Francisco” over the signature of M ark T wain .
[Morphological changes on gold-coated brass endodontic pins]. (1995)

Scanning electron microscope (SEM) connected with X-ray microanalysis (EDX) was used to study surface alterations of gold-coated brass dental pins (Dentatus), taken out after some years from restored teeth due to necessity for repeating a restorative therapy. The study method led to establish that: --the gold coating of the base material, constituted of copper alloy, absolutely insufficient to prevent corrosion attack; --the observed morphological alterations are the consequence of a localized corrosion attack, produced by anaerobic bacteria, which origin is confirmed by the presence of S on the most attacked points; --finally the corrosive phenomenon does not cause a periapical pathology, but the process is contrary, or rather, it is the pathology that leads to the favourable conditions to create corrosion.
Adaptability of the backpropagation procedure (2003)

Possible paradigms for concept learning by feedforward neural networks include discrimination and recognition. An interesting aspect of this dichotomy is that the recognition-based implementation can learn certain domains much more efficiently than the discrimination-based one, despite the close structural relationship between the two systems. The purpose of this paper is to explain this difference in efficiency. We suggest that it is caused by a difference in the generalization strategy adopted by the backpropagation procedure in both cases: while the autoassociator uses a (fast) bottom-up strategy, MLP has recourse to a (slow) top-down one, despite the fact that the two systems are both optimized by the backpropagation procedure. This result is important because it sheds some light on the nature of backpropagation's adaptive capability. From a practical viewpoint, it suggests a deterministic way to increase the efficiency of backpropagation-trained feedforward networks.
Naturally Occurring Mutants Inform SHBG Structure and Function (2014)

SHBG transports and regulates the activities of androgens and estrogens. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human SHBG gene have been linked to sex steroid-dependent diseases, including those associated with the metabolic syndrome. The N-terminal laminin G-like domain of SHBG includes binding sites for calcium, sex steroids, and fibulin family members, as well as a dimerization domain. We have found that 8 of 18 uncharacterized nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms within this domain alter the production or biochemical properties of SHBG in ways not previously recognized. O-Linked glycosylation at Thr7 is disrupted in SHBG T7N, whereas abnormal glycosylation of SHBG G195E limits its secretion. Three SHBG mutants (R135C, L165M, and E176K) bind estradiol with abnormally high affinity. SHBG R135C also has an increased interaction with fibulin-2. Two different substitutions within the dimer interface at R123 (R123H and R123C) reduce the affinity for 5α-dihydrotestosterone, while increasing the relative binding affinity for estradiol. SHBG T48I is defective in calcium binding, which leads to a defect in dimerization, reduced affinity for sex steroids, and an enhanced interaction with fibulin-2, which can all be restored by calcium supplementation. These naturally occurring mutants provide insight into SHBG structure and function, and defects in SHBG production or function need to be considered in the context of its utility as a biomarker of diseases.
Immunoglobulin deposits in peripheral nerve endings detected by skin biopsy in patients with IgM M proteins and neuropathy (1987)

Immunofluorescence studies of sural nerve and skin biopsies from three patients with IgM M proteins and clinical neuropathy showed that IgM M protein was bound to the nerve myelin in two patients and by the peri and endoneurium in one. It is suggested that immnohistochemical studies of skin biopsies provide a simple effective method of detecting immunoglobulin binding to peripheral nerves in patients suspected of having an autoimmune neuropathy. In contrast to sural nerve biopsy, skin biopsy does not cause sensory loss or pain in a denervated area and can easily be repeated.
Country Deviations of the PSTN Mapped to VoIP (2008)

This chapter contains sections titled: Country-Specific Deviations Country-Specific Deviations on VoIP Interfaces Call Progress Tones for Multiple Countries Call Progress Tone Detectors
Effect of Somatostatin on the Release of Gonadotropins in Male Rats (1997)

Since somatostatin, the growth hormone release-inhibiting hormone, has inhibitory actions in many cell types and is delivered to the anterior pituitary gland via the hypophysial portal vessels, as well as being synthesized by cells within the gland, we tested the hypothesis that it might inhibit the release of gonadotropins from anterior pituitaries in vitro. Consequently, the effect of somatostatin on gonadotropin release from incubated anterior pituitaries of male rats with and without the stimulatory action of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was studied. After a preincubation period of 1 hr, hemipituitaries from adult male rats were incubated in fresh Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate (KRB) buffer in a Dubnoff incubator with an atmosphere of 95% O(2)-5% CO2 at 37 degrees C for 3 hr. Incubation with somatostatin (10(-6), 10(-7), and 10(-8) M) had no effect on basal release of either LH or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). However, somatostatin (10(-6)-10(-8) M) suppressed LHRH (1.7 x 10(-8) M)-induced release of LH (P < 0.01 to P < 0.0001), but not FSH. Furthermore, somatostatin antiserum (1:1000) had no significant effect on basal LH or FSH release, whereas incubation with the antiserum plus LHRH (1.7 x 10(-9) or 1.7 x 10(-8) M) increased LH (P = 0.015 and P=.005, respectively), but not FSH release. In summary, our results suggest that somatostatin exerts a physiologically significant inhibitory effect on LH but not FSH release in the presence of LHRH in vitro. Presumably, somatostatin is secreted in vitro by pituitary cells since not only have anterior pituitaries of rats been shown to contain somatostatin, but also somatostatin mRNA. Somatostatin then diffuses to the LH gonadotropes, where it exerts its inhibitory action. However, the release of somatostatin is insufficient to alter basal in vitro release. On the other hand, at least at the concentrations employed, there was no significant effect either of somatostatin or the antiserum to alter basal or stimulated FSH release.
3α,20-Dihydroxy-5β-pregn-9(11)-en-12-one. Side-Chain Conformations in the Light of Ultraviolet and Infrared Studies (1966)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT3α,20-Dihydroxy-5β-pregn-9(11)-en-12-one. Side-Chain Conformations in the Light of Ultraviolet and Infrared StudiesJohn C. GrivasCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1966, 31, 5, 1349–1353Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1966Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1966https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01343a009https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01343a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views49Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
β-1,3-Glucan polysaccharide can act as a one-dimensional host to create novel silica nanofiber structures (2005)

We have demonstrated that the creation of novel silica nanofibers with a uniform diameter is possible by utilizing beta-1,3-glucan polysaccharide as a one-dimensional host for monoalkoxysilane; the finding establishes that beta-1,3-glucan can act not only as a novel one-dimensional host for metal alkoxide polycondensation but also as an interface between inorganic nanofibers and functional organic molecules.
Insulin effect on the cell cycle: analysis of the kinetics of growth parameters in confluent chick cells. (1976)

Several techniques, including flow microfluorometry, were utilized to study the effect of insulin on the growth of cultured cells. It was demonstrated that chick fibroblasts can be stimulated to synthesize DNA and undergo mitosis after insulin addition. The kinetics of the cell movement through the cell cycle as well as the length of the cycle itself, however, were distinctly different in insulin- and serum-treated cultures. The insulin-treated cells had a shorter G1, an extended S, and a much extended G2 residence time compared to cells treated with serum. A model of growth regulation which includes both primary cultures and cell lines is proposed.
DEJERINE-SOTTAS SYNDROME IN CHILDREN (1974)

The occurrence of hypertrophic interstitial polyneuritis (H.I.P.) in 2 children, each of whom had characteristic roentgenographic features, is presented.