gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Improved plutonium identification and characterization results with NaI(Tl) detector using ASEDRA (2008)

The ASEDRA algorithm (Advanced Synthetically Enhanced Detector Resolution Algorithm) is a tool developed at the University of Florida to synthetically enhance the resolved photopeaks derived from a characteristically poor resolution spectra collected at room temperature from scintillator crystal-photomultiplier detector, such as a NaI(Tl) system. This work reports on analysis of a side-by-side test comparing the identification capabilities of ASEDRA applied to a NaI(Tl) detector with HPGe results for a Plutonium Beryllium (PuBe) source containing approximately 47 year old weapons-grade plutonium (WGPu), a test case of real-world interest with a complex spectra including plutonium isotopes and 241Am decay products. The analysis included a comparison of photopeaks identified and photopeak energies between the ASEDRA and HPGe detector systems, and the known energies of the plutonium isotopes. ASEDRA's performance in peak area accuracy, also important in isotope identification as well as plutonium quality and age determination, was evaluated for key energy lines by comparing the observed relative ratios of peak areas, adjusted for efficiency and attenuation due to source shielding, to the predicted ratios from known energy line branching and source isotopics. The results show that ASEDRA has identified over 20 lines also found by the HPGe and directly correlated to WGPu energies.
Increased fusiform area activation in schizophrenia during processing of spatial frequency-degraded faces, as revealed by fMRI (2009)

These data suggest that impairments in basic integration abilities may be compensated for by relatively increased activity in this region.
Effect of temperature on nickel uptake and elimination in <i>Daphnia magna</i> (2019)

It is well known that temperature can affect the ecotoxicity of chemicals (including metals) to aquatic organisms. It was recently reported that nickel (Ni), a priority substance under the European Water Framework directive, showed decreasing chronic toxicity to Daphnia magna with increasing temperature, between 15 and 25 °C. We performed a toxicokinetic study to contribute to an increased mechanistic understanding of this effect. More specifically, we investigated the effect of temperature on Ni uptake and elimination in D. magna (in 4 clones) using an experimental design that included Ni exposures with different stable isotopic composition and using a one-compartment model for data analysis. Both Ni uptake and elimination were affected by temperature, and some clear interclonal differences were observed. On average (across all clones), however, a similar pattern of the effect of temperature was observed on both Ni uptake and elimination, that is, the uptake rate constant (k<sub>u</sub> ) and elimination rate constant (k<sub>e</sub> ) during 72 h of Ni exposure were lower at 25 than at 19 °C, by 2.6-fold and 1.6-fold, respectively, and they were similar at 19 and 15 °C. This pattern does not correspond to the effects of temperature on chronic Ni toxicity reported previously, suggesting that Ni compartmentalization and/or toxicodynamics may also be affected by temperature. The data gathered with our specific experimental design also allowed us to infer that 1) the k<sub>u</sub> was up-regulated over time, that is, the k<sub>u</sub> after 2 d of Ni exposure was significantly higher than the initial k<sub>u</sub> , by 1.5- to 2.3-fold, and 2) the k<sub>e</sub> decreased significantly when the external Ni exposure was stopped, by 1.2- to 1.9-fold. These 2 findings are in contrast with 2 commonly used assumptions in toxicokinetic models, that is, that k<sub>u</sub> is constant during exposure and k<sub>e</sub> is independent of external exposure. We suggest that future toxicokinetic studies consider these factors in their experimental designs and data analyses. Overall, our study contributes to the growing body of evidence that temperature affects toxicokinetics of metals (and chemicals in general), but at the same time we emphasize that knowledge of toxicokinetics alone is not necessarily sufficient to explain or predict temperature effects on (chronic) toxicity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:784-793. © 2019 SETAC.
ChemInform Abstract: THE PHOTOCHEMICAL DECOMPOSITION OF BENZENEDIAZONIUM O‐CARBOXYLATE IN SEVERAL SOLVENTS (1975)

Abstract Die Photolyse der Titelverbindung (III) in Wasser ergibt Salicylsäure (′Ausbeute 24%), während in Äthanol Benzoesäure (II) (92%) gebildet wird.
Virtual Device Simulator of Bipolar Photogalvanic Cell (2002)

A virtual bipolar photogalvanic cell was developed using Visual Basic. On the basis of the simulation, it is indicated that the charge separation (kd) and the charge recombination (kr) rate constants can be estimated using the photocurrent response. The thickness of the charge separation region can be anticipated by photocurrent response at various layer thicknesses. The increase in diffusion coefficients raises the short-circuit photocurrent to enhance the performance of the photogalvanic cell. An actual device was fabricated using tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) complex ([Ru(bpy)32+]) as a sensitizer and Prussian Blue as a mediator. This device worked as a photogalvanic cell: short-circuit photocurrent (JSC), 2.3μA/cm2; open-circuit photovoltage (VOC), 0.118V; fill-factor, 20.5 %. It was shown from the action spectrum that electrons are transferred from [Ru(bpy)32+*] to Prussian Blue. The charge separation and the recombination rate constants were estimated, using the virtual device, to be 5 × 102 mol-1cm3s-1 and 6 × 109 mol-1cm3s-1, respectively.
Classification, Ranking, and Top-K Stability of Recommendation Algorithms (2016)

Recommendation stability measures the extent to which a recommendation algorithm provides predictions that are consistent with each other. Several approaches have been proposed in prior work to defining, measuring, and improving the stability of recommendation algorithms. Previous studies have focused primarily on understanding and evaluating recommendation stability in prediction-oriented settings, i.e., recommendation settings where it is crucial to provide the precise prediction of a user’s preference rating for an item. However, the research literature has been largely silent on the topic of recommendation stability in other important types of settings, such as classification-oriented (i.e., where it is important to accurately classify the item as relevant versus irrelevant, without having to quantify the user’s preference precisely), ranking-oriented (i.e., where it is important to provide accurate relative ranking of items to users), or top-K oriented (i.e., where it is important to suggest K items that are most appealing to the user). Therefore, this paper builds on prior work by generalizing the notion of stability to a broader set of recommendation settings and developing corresponding stability metrics. The paper also provides a comprehensive empirical analysis of classification, ranking, and top-K stability performance of popular recommender algorithms on real-world rating data sets under a variety of settings.
Surgical myectomy improves pulmonary hypertension in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (2013)

Surgical myectomy is associated with improvement in PH, most pronounced in moderate or severe PH. These data provide insight into pulmonary haemodynamics following obstruction relief and can help to guide therapeutic expectations.
ChemInform Abstract: PRAEPARATIV ANWENDBARE MIKROBIOLOGISCHE RK. 2. MITT. RED., HYDROLYTISCHE RK., ACYLIERUNG UND KONDENSATION, AMINIERUNGEN UND DECARBOXYLIERUNGEN (1970)

Abstract Die Übersicht über die auf mikrobiologischem Weg einfacher und selektiver als auf klassischem Weg durchführbaren chemischen Reaktionen wird abgeschlossen und in einer Schlußbemerkung auf die vielfältigen Möglichkeiten hingewiesen, die dieser erst in den Anfängen stehenden Arbeitsweise innewohnen.
Mineralogy of ODP Site 105-645 (1989)

Cores from the upper 70 meters below seafloor (mbsf) (upper Pleistocene) at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 645 in Baffin Bay show dramatic meter-scale changes in color and mineralogy. Below this interval, mineralogical changes are more gradual to the top of the Miocene at about 550 mbsf. The Pliocene-Pleistocene section can be divided into five facies: Facies 1 - massive, poorly sorted, gravel-bearing muds; Facies 2 - gray silty clays and silty muds; Facies 3 - laminated detricarbonate silty muds; Facies 4 - silty sand and sandy silt; and Facies 5 - poorly sorted muddy sands and silty muds. Facies 4 and 5 are restricted to the Pliocene section below depths of about 275 mbsf. The mineralogical/color cycles in the upper 70 mbsf are the result of alternations between Facies 2 and three lithotypes of Facies 1: lithotype A - tan-colored, carbonate-rich, gravel-bearing mud; lithotype B - weak, red-colored, gravel-bearing mud rich in sedimentary rock fragments; and lithotype C - gray, gravel-bearing mud. A fourth lithotype, D, is restricted to depths of 168-275 mbsf and is dark gray, carbonate-poor, gravel-bearing mud. We believe that all lithotypes of Facies 1 and the sand and gravel fractions of Facies 2 and 3 were deposited by ice rafting. Depositional processes for Facies 4 and 5 probably include ice rafting and bottom- and turbidity-current transport.Data from petrographic analyses of light and heavy sand-sized grains and X-ray analyses of silt- and clay-size fractions suggest that tan-colored sediments (lithotype A of Facies 1; Facies 3) were derived mainly from Paleozoic carbonates of Ellesmere, Devon, and northern Baffin islands. Weak red sediments (lithotype B) contain significant red sedimentary clasts, reworked quartzarenite grains and clasts, and rounded colorless garnets, all derived from Proterozoic sequences of the Borden and Thule basins, and from minor Mesozoic red beds. Other sediments in the upper 335 mbsf at Site 645 contain detritus from a heterogeneous mixture of sources, including Precambrian shield terranes around Baffin Bay.Sediments from 335 to 550 mbsf (Facies 5) are rich in friable sedimentary clasts and detrital micas and contain glauconite and, in a few samples, reworked diatoms. These components suggest derivation from poorly consolidated Mesozoic-Tertiary sediments in coastal outcrops and beneath the modern shelves of northeastern Baffin Island and western Greenland.For the upper Pleistocene section (about 0-100 mbsf), marked mineralogical cyclicity is attributed to fluctuating glacial margins, calving rates, and iceberg melting rates, particularly around the northern end of Baffin Bay. Tan-colored, carbonate-rich units were derived at times of maximum advance of glaciers on Ellesmere and Devon islands, during relatively warm intervals induced by incursion of warm Atlantic surface water into the bay. At the beginning of these warmer episodes, most icebergs were contributed by glaciers near sea level around the Arctic channels, which resulted in deposition of weak red, ice-rafted units rich in Proterozoic sedimentary clasts.
Methyl <i>tert</i>-Butyl Ether (MTBE) in Public and Private Wells in New Hampshire: Occurrence, Factors, and Possible Implications (2008)

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) concentrations > or = 0.2 /microg/L were found in samples of untreated water in 18% of public-supply wells (n = 284) and 9.1% of private domestic wells (n = 264) sampled in 2005 and 2006 in New Hampshire. In counties that used reformulated gasoline (RFG), MTBE occurred at or above 0.2 microg/L in 30% of public- and 17% of private-supply wells. Additionally, 52% of public-supply wells collocated with fuel storage and 71% of mobile home park wells had MTBE. MTBE occurrence in public-supply wells was predicted by factors such as proximity to sources of fuel, land use, and population density, as well as low pH and distance from mapped lineaments. RFG use, land-use variables, and pH were important predictors of private-well MTBE occurrence. Variables representing sources of MTBE, such as the distance to known fuel sources, were not significant predictors of MTBE occurrence in private-supply wells. It is hypothesized that private wells may become contaminated from the collective effects of sources in high population areas and from undocumented incidental releases from onsite or proximal gasoline use. From 2003 to 2005, MTBE occurrence decreased in 63 public-supply wells and increased in 60 private-supply wells, but neither trend was statistically significant.
The PIT MkV pulsed inductive thruster (1993)

The pulsed inductive thruster (PIT) is an electrodeless, magnetic rocket engine that can operate with any gaseous propellant. A puff of gas injected against the face of a flat (spiral) coil is ionized and ejected by the magnetic field of a fast-rising current pulse from a capacitor bank discharge. Single shot operation on an impulse balance has provided efficiency and I(sub sp) data that characterize operation at any power level (pulse rate). The 1-m diameter MkV thruster concept offers low estimated engine mass at low powers, together with power capability up to more than 1 MW for the 1-m diameter design. A 20 kW design estimate indicates specific mass comparable to Ion Engine specific mass for 10,000 hour operation, while a 100,000 hour design would have a specific mass 1/3 that of the Ion Engine. Performance data are reported for ammonia and hydrazine. With ammonia, at 32 KV coil voltage, efficiency is a little more than 50 percent from 4000 to more than 8000 seconds I(sub sp). Comparison with data at 24 and 28 kV indicates that a wider I(sub sp) range could be achieved at higher coil voltages, if required for deep space missions.
Are<i>Drosophila</i>a Useful Model for Understanding the Toxicity of Inhaled Oxidative Pollutants: A Review (2005)

Oxidative atmospheric pollutants represent a significant stress and cause injury to both vertebrate and invertebrate species. In both, the biosurfaces of their respiratory apparatus are directly exposed to oxidizing pollutant-induced stresses. Respiratory-tract surfaces contain integrated antioxidant systems that appear to provide a primary defense against environmental insults caused by inhaled atmospheric reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), whether gaseous or particulate. When the biosurface antioxidant defenses are overwhelmed, oxidative and nitrosative stress to the acellular and cellular components of the exposed biosurfaces can ensue via direct chemical reactions that lead to the induction of inflammatory, adaptive, injurious, and reparative processes. The study of model invertebrates (e.g., Drosophila) has a long history of yielding valuable insights into both fundamental biology and pathobiology. Mutants and/or transgenic insects, with specific alterations in key components of innate and/or adaptive antioxidant defense systems and immune genes, offer opportunities to dissect the complex systems that maintain respiratory tract surface defenses against environmental oxidants and the ensuing host responses. In this article, we use a comparative absfont approach to consider interactions of atmospheric oxidant pollutants with selected biosystems. We focused primarily on ozone (O(3)) as the pollutant, vertebrate and invertebrate respiratory tracts as the exposed biosystems, and nonenzymatic micronutrient antioxidants as significant contributors to overall antioxidant defense strategies. We present parallels among these diverse organisms with regard to their protective strategies against environmental atmospheric oxidants, with particular focus given to using the invertebrate Drosophila as a potentially useful model for vertebrate respiratory-tract responses to inhaled oxidants specifically and pollutants in general. We conclude that the insect respiratory system has considerable promise toward understanding novel aspects of vertebrate respiratory tract responses to inhaled oxidative environmental challenges.
Classification of Variable Clinical Response After Photorefractive Keratectomy for Myopia (1995)

Variation in the amount of subepithelial healing response occurs after excimer laser PRK. Abnormal healing responses may be detected early in the postoperative period by correlation of refractive error with the amount of subepithelial haze.
Intramolecular effects in cellulose mixed benzyl ethers blended with poly(ε‐caprolactone) (1995)

Abstract Tri‐ O ‐benzyl cellulose, tri‐ O ‐ p ‐fluorobenzyl cellulose, and a corresponding series of cellulose mixed benzyl ethers were synthesized and blended with poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL). Mechanical and thermal analyses indicated that none of the cellulose benzyl ethers of the cellulose mixed benzyl ethers was miscible with PCL. However, there was evidence of a limited degree of compatibility that exhibited a dependence on the substituent ratio, or copolymer composition, of the cellulose mixed benzyl ethers. The weak interactions in these blends were found to be nonspecific, and thus the limited compatibility is thought to arise from intramolecular interactions within the cellulose mixed benzyl ethers. The treatment of cellulose mixed derivatives as copolymers and the potential use of intramolecular effects in cellulose derivative blending is discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
4D metrology of flapping-wing micro air vehicle based on fringe projection (2013)

Inspired by dominant flight of the natural flyers and driven by civilian and military purposes, micro air vehicle (MAV) has been developed so far by passive wing control but still pales in aerodynamic performance. Better understanding of flapping wing flight mechanism is eager to improve MAV’s flight performance. In this paper, a simple and effective 4D metrology technique to measure full-field deformation of flapping membrane wing is presented. Based on fringe projection and 3D Fourier analysis, the fast and complex dynamic deformation, including wing rotation and wing stroke, of a flapping wing during its flight can be accurately reconstructed from the deformed fringe patterns recorded by a highspeed camera. An experiment was carried on a flapping-wing MAV with 5-cm span membrane wing beating at 30 Hz, and the results show that this method is effective and will be useful to the aerodynamicist or micro aircraft designer for visualizing high-speed complex wing deformation and consequently aid the design of flapping wing mechanism to enhanced aerodynamic performance.
Two-look method for correction of roll errors inaircraft-borneinterferometric SAR (1997)

A technique is described for compensating for aircraft roll in dual antenna interferometric SAR from an airborne platform. The technique does not rely on prior knowledge of the target scene, or input from an inertial navigation unit (INU). The technique is tested on real data from the DRA's C-band interferometric SAR, which is fitted to an Andover aircraft, and the results are compared with output from a Litton-93 medium accuracy INU.
Chronic Granulomatous Disease (2015)

We present a large, single-center US experience with CGD. Twenty-three of 27 patients are alive after 3276 patient-months of follow-up (1 has been lost to follow-up), and our serious infection rate was 0.62 per patient-year.
Radiolysis transients in viscous liquids. Biphenyl in liquid paraffin (1970)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRadiolysis transients in viscous liquids. Biphenyl in liquid paraffinJ. Fuller, N. Peteleski, D. Ruppel, and Michael TomlinsonCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1970, 74, 16, 3066–3073Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1970Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1970https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j100710a008https://doi.org/10.1021/j100710a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views30Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Analysis of the static characteristics and dynamic response of push-pull switching converters operating in the current programmed mode (1981)

The control theory of "Current-Programmed" switching converters is extended to push-pull circuits with transformer isolation. Both small signal and large signal models that include the effects of transformer magnetizing current and transistor turn-off delays are derived. The models are used to predict the stability and performance of an experimental, voltage regulated, 2.5kW converter operating at 18 kHz. Analytical and measured characteristics are compared.
Chemical and biological characterization of emissions from coal- and oil-fired power plants. (1983)

Emission samples were obtained from two medium-sized power plants, one fired with oil and the other with pulverized coal. Particles obtained by a miniscale plume stack gas sampler (MIPSGAS), simulating the dilution process in the plume, were subjected to detailed physical, chemical and biological characterization. Studies by scanning electron microscopy and by Coulter counter demonstrated that the particles from the oil-fired boiler were considerably larger than the particles from the coal-fired boiler. Chemical analyses revealed more organic substances and more S, Ni, V, in the oil than in the coal particles. The latter contained a larger proportion of Al, Si, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Se, Rb, Y, Zr, Ba and Pb. Biological testing revealed a greater acute and subacute toxicity by the intratracheal route in the hamster, a greater toxicity to alveolar macrophages and a greater lung retention of BaP coated on the particles from oil combustion than on those from coal combustion. In another sampling line, employed simultaneously with the MIPSGAS-particulate sampler, the total emissions were collected, i.e., both particle and gas phase. These samples were used for chemical analyses and Ames mutagenicity test. Analyses of specific PAHs in emissions from both plants demonstrated that concentrations were below the detection limit (less than 4 ng/m3 of benzo(a)pyrene), which is in accord with an efficient combustion of the fuel. The mutagenicity of the samples were below the detection limit of the mutagenicity assay.
Apolipoprotein and lipoprotein synthesis and modifications (1991)

Conventional and molecular biological approaches have defined the sites of apolipoprotein synthesis and have described intra- and extracellular apolipoprotein modifications. Topics selected for discussion in this review include new aspects of apolipoprotein synthesis and modifications, modification of apolipoprotein B byproducts of lipid oxidation, remodeling of lipoproteins by transfer of apolipoproteins and functional significance, in vivo and in vitro assembly of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, and intracellular versus extracellular assembly of high-density lipoprotein and lipoprotein-type particles.