gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Double salt ionic liquids based on 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate and hydroxyl-functionalized ammonium acetates: strong effects of weak interactions (2017)

The properties of double salt ionic liquids based on solutions of cholinium acetate ([Ch][OAc]), ethanolammonium acetate ([NH<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>OH][OAc]), hydroxylammonium acetate ([NH<sub>3</sub>OH][OAc]), ethylammonium acetate ([NH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>][OAc]), and tetramethylammonium acetate ([N(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>][OAc]) in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C<sub>2</sub>mim][OAc]) were investigated by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Through mixture preparation, the solubility of [N(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>][OAc] is the lowest, and [Ch][OAc] shows a 3-fold lower solubility than the other hydroxylated ammonium acetate-based salts in [C<sub>2</sub>mim][OAc] at room temperature. NMR and X-ray crystallographic studies of the pure salts suggest that the molecular-level mechanisms governing such miscibility differences are related to the weaker interactions between the -NH<sub>3</sub> groups and [OAc]<sup>-</sup>, even though three of these salts possess the same strong 1 : 1 hydrogen bonds between the cation -OH group and the [OAc]<sup>-</sup> ion. The formation of polyionic clusters between the anion and those cations with unsatisfied hydrogen bond donors seems to be a new tool by which the solubility of these salts in [C<sub>2</sub>mim][OAc] can be controlled.
Peptides of 23 residues or greater are required to stimulate a high affinity class II‐restricted T cell response (1993)

Helper T cells recognize fragments of antigen bound to the class II molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. Naturally processed antigenic fragments have been isolated from the class II molecules and shown to be heterogeneous in length, ranging from 13 to 25 residues, and to vary at both the N and C termini. A 15-residue peptide in an extended conformation is predicted to fit in an open peptide-binding cleft of the class II molecules. Thus, the longer peptides observed bound to class II presumably have regions which reside outside the cleft. It is not known if the additional length contributes significantly to T cell activation. We have carried out a systematic analysis of the antigenicity of peptides of increasing length beyond the minimally defined T cell antigenic peptide. Here we show that the full functional activities of peptides representing the major antigenic determinant of the protein antigen, cytochrome c, minimally require that the peptides be 23 amino acids long. The long peptides do not require processing and are presented by purified class II molecules incorporated into synthetic membranes, indicating that such peptides associate directly with class II and require no additional cellular machinery for presentation. We also show that a hybrid peptide, 51 residues in length, containing a 29-residue cytochrome c peptide and a "promiscuous" peptide of tetanus toxoid, is more antigenic than the 23-residue peptide alone and significantly, does not require processing. Thus, the additional peptide length, although not predicted to bind in the peptide-binding groove of the MHC class II molecule, has a significant impact on the ability of the peptides to stimulate T cell responses maximally.
Part A. Properties and Reactions of Pyridines (1974)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Physical Properties Chemical Reactivity Effect of the Pyridine Ring on Substituents Miscellaneous Topics
Commissioning and testing of a commercial intensity modulated treatment planning system (2002)

We report on the commissioning and testing of a commercial intensity-modulated radiation treatment planning system, Corvus 3.0. It is based on a simulated annealing inverse planning algorithm that generates intensity-modulated fluence maps and monitor units for each treatment field. Treatments were delivered with a dynamic multi-leaf collimator using the "step-and-shoot" method. Fidelity of delivery of the modulated beams was verified with film dosimetry. Dose to isocenter and isodose distributions in various axial planes were measured with ion chamber, film and TLDs. A simple algorithm was developed to independently calculate the dose at isocenter using the fluence maps and monitor units generated by Corvus. All tests demonstrated agreement with the Corvus calculations to /spl plusmn/3%. Detailed results are presented and discussed.
‘Nucleo-nanocages’: designed ternary oligodeoxyribonucleotides spontaneously form nanosized DNA cagesElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: a time course of absorbance increase of the ligated nucleo-nanocages 1–3, due to the enzymatic action of DNase I. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b2/b210139d/ (2003)

DNA three-way junctions formed from three 30-mer oligonucleotides that contain single-chained self-complementary sticky ends spontaneously self-assemble into 'nucleo-nanocages': the exo- and endo-nuclease digestion experiments indicate that defects such as the single and double strand end structures are absent on the spherical nano-assemblies, providing clear evidence for the closed nanocage structure.
Evaluation du potentiel de récupération d’énergie à l’échappement d’un moteur TDI à l’aide d’un cycle de Rankine organique (ORC) (2010)

Une étude expérimentale a été menée sur un cycle de Rankine organique de faible puissance (2,5kW). Les résultats expérimentaux ont permis de calibrer un modèle du cycle qui a ensuite été utilisé afin d’évaluer le potentiel de récupération d’énergie à l’échappement d’un moteur TDI pour 13 points de fonctionnement représentatifs. Les résultats montrent la possibilité de produire jusqu’à 2,4kW de puissance mécanique additionnelle. La fraction d’énergie récupérée (ERR) pouvant atteindre 6,8% de la puissance à l’arbre moteur.
Gene-environment interaction in determining plasma lipids and dietary response: the effect of common mutations in the gene for lipoprotein lipase (D9N and N291S) (1996)

In understanding the genetics of polygenic disorders, the modifying effects of the different environmental factors experienced by individuals are particularly important. We have detected such an interaction between environmental modulation of the effect of two mutations in the lipoprotein lipase gene which alter amino acids (D9N and N291S) to result in a moderate reduction in the lipoprotein lipase activity and mass secreted from COS cells in transient expression assays. Each mutation occurs at a frequency of 2%-3% in the general population, and carriers for these mutations have slightly elevated plasma triglyceride and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, as expected from the role of lipoprotein lipase in lipoprotein metabolism. However, when these individuals also are obese, the effect on plasma lipid levels is marked, such that the individuals are predicted to be at a significant risk of atherosclerosis. This increase in risk may be because obesity promotes overproduction of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins from the liver, which overwhelms the already partially deficient lipoprotein lipase in the adipose and muscle. Individuals with the lipoprotein lipase S291 variant have significantly greater postprandial lipemia, in support of this mechanism, and carriers of such mutations may have a distinct response to changes in dietary fat. An understanding of the mechanisms of these effects will help to identify individuals who may be particularly responsive to small dietary changes and to identify potential therapeutic targets.
Human telomeric G-quadruplex formation and highly selective fluorescence detection of toxic strontium ions (2011)

Strontium ions play important roles in biological systems. The inhalation of strontium can cause severe respiratory difficulties, anaphylactic reaction and extreme tachycardia. Strontium can replace calcium in organisms, inhibit normal calcium absorption and induce strontium "rickets" in childhood. Thus, the development of sensitive and selective methods for the determination of trace amounts of Sr(2+) in aqueous media is of considerable importance for environmental and human health protection. A number of methodologies, such as X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry, inductively coupled argon plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and instrumental thermal neutron activation analysis, have been reported. However, these methods are somewhat complex, costly, time consuming and, especially, need special instruments. Thus, the design of convenient and inexpensive approaches for the sensitive and selective detection of Sr(2+) with rapid, easy manipulation is in ever-increasing demand. To the best of our knowledge, using DNA conformational change to detect Sr(2+) has not yet been reported. Herein we utilized thiazole orange (TO) as a signal reporter to devise a simple Sr(2+) detection assay based on Sr(2+) induced human telomeric DNA conformational change in the presence of SWNTs. The limit of detection is 10 nM Sr(2+) (0.87 μg L(-1)), far below 4 mg L(-1), the U.S. Federal threshold in drinking water defined by the U.S. EPA.
Efficient CRT RSA with SCA Countermeasures (2011)

RSA cryptographic algorithm, working as a security tool for many years, has long achieved cryptographic and market maturity. However, as all crypto algorithms, RSA implementations, after the discovery and wide spread of Side Channel Attacks (SCA), are susceptible to a wide variety of different attacks that target the hardware structure rather than the algorithm itself. While there are a wide range of countermeasures that can be applied on the RSA structure in order to protect the algorithm from SCAs, combining several such measures in order to guarantee an SCA resistant RSA design is not an easy job. There are many incompatibility issues among SCA protection methods as well as an extensive performance cost added to an SCA secure RSA implementation. In this paper, we address some very popular and potent SCAs against RSA like Fault attacks (FA), Simple Power attacks (SPA), Doubling attacks (DA) and Differential Power attacks (DPA), and propose an algorithmic modification of RSA based on Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) that can thwart those attacks. We describe an implementation approach based on Montgomery modular multiplication and propose a hardware architecture for a SCA resistant CRT RSA that is structured on our proposed algorithm. The designed architecture is implemented in FPGA technology and results on its time and space complexity are extracted and evaluated.
Spatial/spectral filters for microphone array (1998)

The spatial and spectral filtering characteristics of a microphone array can be greatly enhanced through the use of an appropriately designed spatial/spectral filter. In this paper, we consider the design of optimum, in the minimax sense, spatial/spectral filters. The optimum minimax design problem is solved using the new efficient computational technique of Jiang et al. Numerical results demonstrating the effectiveness of the method are given.
ETIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF FUNCTIONAL ANKLE INSTABILITY (2001)

Lateral, or inversion, ankle sprain is the most common acute injury suffered among athletes and despite this prevalence the recurrence rate remains extremely high. The development of functional ankle instability (FAI) is hypothesized to be the primary cause for chronic instability following lateral ankle sprain. The purposes of this symposium are to describe the clinical and experimental evidence regarding the etiology of FAI following ankle sprain and to discuss conservative and surgical treatment options for athletes with FAI. Dr. Hertel will describe the role of joint laxity and sensorimotor deficits in the development of FAI. The contributions of joint laxity at the subtalar and talocrural joints will be explored, as will the roles of deficits in proprioception, postural control, and neuromuscular control. Dr. Kaminski will discuss rehabilitation principles for the conservative management of ankle sprains and those with FAI. Specific emphasis will focus on addressing concentric and eccentric strength deficits and sensorimotor impairments within a comprehensive rehabilitation program. Dr. Sebastianelli will detail current diagnostic criteria for surgical intervention in the unstable ankle and also describe specific surgical techniques. This mini-symposium will aim to discuss clinical care guidelines that address the prevention and treatment of FAI.
The role of fimbriae and flagella in the adherence of avian strains of Escherichia coli O78:K80 to tissue culture cells and tracheal and gut explants (2000)

To investigate the role of fimbriae and flagella in the pathogenesis of avian colibacillosis, isogenic insertionally inactivated mutant strains of Escherichia coli O78:K80 strain EC34195 defective in the elaboration of type-1 and curli fimbriae and flagella were constructed by allelic exchange. Single and multiple non-fimbriate and non-flagellate mutant strains were compared to the wild-type in vitro in adherence assays with a HEp-2 cell line, a mucus-secreting cell line HT2916E, a non-mucus-secreting cell line HT2919A, tracheal explant and proximal gut explant. Mutant strains defective in the elaboration of type-1 fimbriae were significantly less adherent--in the order of 90% reduction--than the wild-type strain in all assays. Mutant strains defective in the elaboration of flagella were generally as adherent as the wild-type strain except when assayed with the mucus-secreting cell line HT2916E, for which a significant reduction of adherence--of the order of 90%--compared with the wild-type strain was observed. Mutant strains defective for the elaboration of curli fimbriae adhered as well as the wild-type strain in all assays, except when assayed in tests with gut explant tissue for which a significant reduction of adherence--of the order of 80%--compared with the wild-type strain was observed. Adherence to explants was to epithelial, not serous, surfaces and was 10-fold greater to tracheal than to gut explants. Together, these data support the hypothesis that type-1 fimbriae are significant factors in adherence, aided by flagella for penetration of mucus and curli fimbriae for adherence to the gut.
Inherited predisposition to lung cancer. (1992)

This chapter summarizes data from epidemiologic and animal model studies which demonstrate that an inherited predisposition influences the incidence of lung cancer. The authors review the cell biologic events that contribute to neoplastic transformation and the biologic processes that influence tumor progression. They describe how host mechanisms may limit the genesis and progression of tumors and discuss how information about mechanisms of carcinogenesis may be applied to estimating the risk of lung cancer in individuals exposed to environmental carcinogens.
Substrate Specificity of a Carboxyl Proteinase from<i>Irpex lacteus</i> (1983)

Journal Article Substrate Specificity of a Carboxyl Proteinase from Irpex lacteus Get access Hideyuki Kobayashi, Hideyuki Kobayashi Institute of Applied Biochemistry, The University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Isao Kusakabe, Isao Kusakabe Institute of Applied Biochemistry, The University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kazuo Murakami Kazuo Murakami Institute of Applied Biochemistry, The University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 47, Issue 8, 1 August 1983, Pages 1921–1923, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1983.10865885 Published: 01 August 1983 Article history Received: 15 February 1983 Published: 01 August 1983
Group sparse beamforming for multicast green Cloud-RAN via parallel semidefinite programming (2015)

The Cloud radio access network (Cloud-RAN) has great potentials to improve energy efficiency and increase capacity of wireless networks. In this paper, we investigate multicast beamforming design for network power minimization of Cloud-RAN, which is shown to be a highly intractable non-convex mixed integer non-linear programming problem. To provide an efficient solution to this highly complicated problem, we propose a three-stage algorithm based on the group-sparsity inducing norm, which minimizes network power by coordinated multicast beamforming and adaptively selecting active remote radio heads (RRHs). In particular, a novel quadratic variational weighted ℓ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</inf> =ℓ <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> -norm aided alternating algorithm is proposed to exploit the group-sparsity structure of the beamforming vector, thereby guiding the active RRH set selection. Given the selected RRH set, multicast beamforming is performed to minimize the network power consumption. Furthermore, to enhance the computation efficiency upon utilizing the shared computing resources in the cloud center, we employ the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm to solve the resulting semidefinite programming problems in parallel. Extensive simulation results will demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed multicast group sparse beamforming algorithm.
Norne Field Development - Fast Track From Discovery to Production (1996)

The Norne Field was discovered in December 1991, and is one of the largest oil discoveries on the Norwegian Continental Shelf the last decade. In order to improve economy and maintain momentum in the development of the field, a novel approach of managing large and complex projects was initiated. This included a more integrated approach, with parallel execution of activities, standardisation and close relations to contractors, licence partners and authorities. This paper review the reservoir description and development, the concept evaluations and the new approach to project management.
A clinical trial on a plate? The potential of 384-well format solid phase extraction for high-throughput bioanalysis using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (2000)

The application of 384-well format solid phase extraction (SPE) for bioanalysis using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) is reported and a 384-well SPE method for the 5-HT agonist sumatriptan in human plasma described. Plasma samples were extracted on a prototype low-density polyethylene 384-well SPE block using a packed bed of 5 mg Oasistrade mark HLB. Liquid handling was automated by a combination of a robotic sampler processor and a 96/384 multi-channel dispensing station. Samples and SPE reagents were drawn through the SPE block by centrifugation. The extracts were analysed by LC/MS/MS with thermally and pneumatically assisted electrospray ionisation and selected reaction monitoring. The method is used to illustrate and discuss the feasibility and viability of sample preparation techniques in high-density microtitre plate format for routine bioanalysis.
Sol−Gel-Derived Ceria Nanoarchitectures:  Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrical Properties (2005)

Nanocrystalline ceria is under study to improve performance in high-temperature catalysis and fuel cells. We synthesize porous ceria monolithic nanoarchitectures by reacting Ce(III) salts and epoxide-based proton scavengers. Varying the means of pore-fluid removal yields nanoarchitectures with different pore−solid structures: aerogels, ambigels, and xerogels. The dried ceria gels are initially X-ray amorphous, high-surface-area materials, with the aerogel exhibiting 225 m2 g-1. Calcination produces nanocrystalline materials that, although moderately densified, still retain the desirable characteristics of high surface area, through-connected porosity in the mesopore size range and nanoscale particle sizes (∼10 nm). The electrical properties of calcined ceria ambigels are evaluated from 300 to 600 °C and compared to those of commercially available nanoscale CeO2. The pressed pellets of both ceria samples exhibit comparable surface areas and void volumes. The conductivity of the ceria ambigel is 5 times greater than the commercial sample and both materials exhibit an increase in conductivity in argon relative to oxygen at 600 °C, suggesting an electronic contribution to conductivity at low oxygen partial pressures. The ceria ambigel nanoarchitecture responds to changes in atmosphere at 600 °C faster than does the nanocrystalline, non-networked ceria. We attribute the higher relative conductivity of CeO2 ambigels to the bonded pathways inherent to the bicontinuous pore−solid networks of these nanoarchitectures.
Triangulation and display of rational parametric surfaces (2002)

We present a comprehensive algorithm to construct a topologically correct triangulation of the real affine part of a rational parametric surface with few restrictions on the defining rational functions. The rational functions are allowed to be undefined on domain curves (pole curves) and at certain special points (base points), and the surface is allowed to have nodal or cuspidal self-intersections. We also recognize that for a complete display, some real points on the parametric surface may be generated only by complex parameter values, and that some finite points on the surface may be generated only by infinite parameter values; we show how to compensate for these conditions. Our techniques for handling these problems have applications in scientific visualization, rendering non-standard NURBS, and in finite-element mesh generation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Phase-stable source of polarization-entangled photons using a polarization Sagnac interferometer (2006)

We demonstrate a simple, robust, and ultrabright parametric down-conversion source of polarization-entangled photons based on a polarization Sagnac interferometer. Bidirectional pumping in type-II phase-matched periodically poled $\mathrm{K}\mathrm{Ti}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ yields a measured flux of 5000 polarization-entangled pairs/s/mW of pump power in a $1\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{nm}$ bandwidth at 96.8% quantum-interference visibility. The common-path arrangement of the Sagnac interferometer eliminates the need for phase stabilization for the biphoton output state.
PHASE EQUILIBRIUM IN THE HYDROTHERMAL SHRINKAGE OF COLLAGEN (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPHASE EQUILIBRIUM IN THE HYDROTHERMAL SHRINKAGE OF COLLAGENJ. F. M. Oth, E. T. Dumitru, O. K. Spurr Jr., and P. J. FloryCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 12, 3288–3289Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01569a082https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01569a082research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views80Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts