gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automatic Maintenance of the Category Hierarchy (2013)

Hierarchical models becomes one of the most widely-adopted and effective solutions in organizing large volume of documents. Although there are general taxonomies on the Web, we observe that in most cases there will be many inconsistencies between general taxonomy and specific resources as the generation of taxonomies is independent of the resources. Besides with the newly available resources into the hierarchy, the internal patterns of categories will change due to emerging some new topics or merging some original topics. These problems will result in a poor taxonomy and it will finally hurt user experience in searching and locating resources. So in this paper, we propose an effective method AMHC (Automatic Maintenance of Hierarchical Classification) to modifying an existing taxonomy by a two-phrase adjustment from the global and local perspective respectively. The first phrase is to modify the hierarchical taxonomy into more topically cohesive categories based on resources clustering, which can speed up the category's inter-branches movements. The second phrase is to accomplish localized modification with three operations (namely Pull-Up, Merge and Split) for better classification performance. We conduct experiments on Reuters-21578 and 20Newsgroup dataset, report improved performance and make some detailed explanations.
Dopamine Modulates Inwardly Rectifying Hyperpolarization-Activated Current (<i>I</i> <sub>h</sub>) in Cultured Rat Olfactory Receptor Neurons (1999)

The presence of dopamine receptors in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) suggests that odor sensitivity may be modulated by neurotransmitters at the level of primary sensory neurons. Using standard patch-clamp techniques on rat ORNs, we found that 1 microM dopamine, 500 microM SQ 22536 (SQ, an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor), 20 and 50 microM quinpirole (a selective dopamine D2 receptor agonist), and 1 mM adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) modulate the hyperpolarization-activated current Ih. On hyperpolarizing from a holding potential of -58 mV, a small Cs+-sensitive inwardly rectifying current (Ih) was observed. Increases in extracellular K+ increased Ih amplitude without shifting its voltage dependence of activation, whereas increases in temperature produced an increase in Ih amplitude and a hyperpolarizing shift in the activation curve. Application of 1 microM dopamine reversibly shifted Ih activation to more negative potentials and decreased Ih current amplitudes. These effects were blocked by concomitant application of dopamine with sulpiride, a selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist. The effects of dopamine were mimicked by quinpirole. Quinpirole (20 microM) decreased Ih current amplitude, but was without effect on Ih voltage dependence of activation. However, 50 microM quinpirole produced both a reduction of Ih peak currents and a hyperpolarizing shift in the activation curve for Ih. External application of the adenylyl cyclase inhibitor SQ 22536 produced a reversible decrease in peak currents but had no effect on Ih voltage dependence of activation, whereas internal application of cAMP shifted Ih activation to more depolarized potentials. Because Ih modulates cell excitability and spike frequency adaptation, our findings support a role for dopamine in modulating the sensitivity and output of rat ORNs to odorants.
A Convenient Route to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes Based on Polymer-Supported α-Selenoaldehydes (2003)

Polystyrene-supported (4-phenylseleno)morpholine was synthesised and could be used as an efficient α-selenenylating agent for saturated aldehydes; subsequent oxidation of polystyrene-supported α-selenoaldehydes and the products from the Wittig reaction of them with chloromethylidenetriphenylphosphorane with an excess of 30% hydrogen peroxide at room temperature afforded α,β-unsaturated aldehydes in good yields and purities.
Sub-acute spongiform encephalopathies : proceedings of a seminar in the CEC Agricultural Research Programme, held in Brussels, 12-14 November 1990 (1991)

Proceedings of a Seminar in the CEC Agricultural Research Programme, held in Brussels, November 12-14, 1990
Sphingosin-1-phosphate Receptor 1: a Potential Target to Inhibit Neuroinflammation and Restore the Sphingosin-1-phosphate Metabolism (2015)

The observed ameliorating effects of FTY720 and SEW7821 can be partly attributed to the interruption of the vicious cycle of abnormal S1P metabolism and neuro-inflammation. The close imitation of the FTY720 effects by SW2871 in Aβ-induced neuro-inflammation may highlight the attractive role of S1P1 as a potential target to restore S1P metabolism and inhibit inflammatory processes.
On the use of anti-sense RNA: down-regulation of mRNA encoding a metalloproteinase inhibitor. (1987)

In this article we describe methods used for producing anti-sense RNA and the mechanisms by which specific eukaryotic gene functions are inhibited. We also describe some of our studies with plasmid constructs producing anti-sense RNA targeted to a murine metalloproteinase inhibitor and review the evidence for naturally occuring anti-sense transcripts in eukaryotes.
Horse Gene Mapping Report: Mapping of 31 horse genes in BACs by FISH (2001)

International audience
Polyamine Profiles of Some Members of the Gamma Subclass of the Class Proteobacteria: Polyamine Analysis of Twelve Recently Described Genera (2003)

Cellular polyamines of 65 recently described species(12 genera) belonging to the gamma sub- class of the class Proteobacteria were analyzed by HPLC. Thiothrix species belonging to the gamma-1 subgroup and Xanthomonas species belonging to the gamma │ 2 subgroup ubiquitous- ly contained spermidine alone. A gamma │ 2 proteobacterium, Stenotrophomonas, contained cadaverine and spermidine. In the gamma │ 3 subgroup, Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus locat- ed in the family Enterobacteriaceae, ubiquitously contained putrescine and spermidine and spo- radically contained cadaverine. Putrescine and spermidine were the major polyamines in all 21 authentic species of Pseudomonas and cadaverine was found in a half of them. Psychrobacter and Moraxella species are located in the family Moraxellaceae and the former ubiquitously con- tained spermidine as the major polyamine, however, the polyamine patterns within the latter were heterogeneous, showing the occurrence of diaminopropane and / or norspermidine as the major polyamine in seven species among the 13 species tested. Putrescine alone, spermidine alone, 2- hydroxyputrescine / putrescine, putrescine / cadaverine, and putrescine / spermidine were found as the polyamine profiles of Shewanella species, indicating heterogeneous polyamine patterns within the genus. Oceanomonas baumannii and O. doudoroffi contained putrescine, cadaverine and spermidine. Cardiobacterium and Suttonella belonging to the family Cardiobacteriaceae contained diaminopropane and spermidine. The present data serve for the polyamine catalogues of gamma proteobacteria, as a chemotaxonomic marker.
Gel immobilization of acrylamide‐modified single‐stranded DNA template for pyrosequencing (2007)

A novel two-step process was developed to prepare ssDNA templates for pyrosequencing. First, PCR-amplified DNA templates modified with an acrylamide group and acrylamide monomers were copolymerized in 0.1 M NaOH solution to form polyacrylamide gel spots. Second, ssDNA templates for pyrosequencing were prepared by removing electrophoretically unbound complementary strands, unmodified PCR primers, inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi), and excess deoxyribonucleotides under alkali conditions. The results show that the 3-D polyacrylamide gel network has a high immobilization capacity and the modified PCR fragments are efficiently captured. After electrophoresis, gel spots copolymerized from 10 microL of the crude PCR products and the acrylamide monomers contain template molecules on the order of pmol, which generate enough light to be detected by a regular photomultiplier tube. The porous structure of gel spots facilitated the fast transportation of the enzyme, dNTPs and other reagents, and the solution-mimicking microenvironment guaranteed polymerase efficiency for pyrosequencing. Successful genotyping from the crude PCR products was demonstrated. This method can be applied in any laboratory; it is cheap, fast, simple, and has the potential to be incorporated into a DNA-chip format for high-throughput pyrosequencing analysis.
Middle Ear Resonance and Acoustic Immittance Measures in Children (1993)

This study established a normal middle ear resonance estimated from sweep frequency tympanometry (250-2000 Hz) and established normal equivalent ear canal volume, static acoustic admittance, and tympanometric peak pressure at 226 Hz in children with normal hearing (N = 90) and in children with severe to profound sensorineural impairments (N = 68). Children's ages ranged from 6 to 15 years. No statistically significant differences between the groups or across ages were found. Means, standard deviations, and 90% ranges (5-95%) for these four tympanometric measures are presented and compared to other studies.
The Search for Circulating Epilepsy Biomarkers (2014)

Few would experience greater benefit from the development of biomarkers than those who suffer from epilepsy. Both the timing of individual seizures and the overall course of the disease are highly unpredictable, and the associated morbidity is considerable. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop biomarkers that can predict the progression of epilepsy and treatment response. Doing so may also shed light on the mechanisms of epileptogenesis and pharmacoresistance, which remain elusive despite decades of study. However, recent advances suggest the possible identification of circulating epilepsy biomarkers - accessible in blood, cerebrospinal fluid or urine. In this review, we focus on advances in several areas: neuroimmunology and inflammation; neurological viral infection; exemplary pediatric syndromes; and the genetics of pharmacoresistance, as relevant to epilepsy. These are fertile areas of study with great potential to yield accessible epilepsy biomarkers.
Isolation of human cationic antimicrobial protein-18 from seminal plasma and its association with prostasomes (2002)

These findings suggest that hCAP-18 may have an important role in antimicrobial defence during human reproduction. The binding of hCAP-18 to prostasomes indicates that protasomes can serve as a reservoir of this precursor of the antibiotic peptide LL-37.
Effects of Environmental pH and Calcium on Ammonia Toxicity in Channel Catfish (1980)

The twenty-four-hour median lethal concentrations (24-hour LC50) of total ammonia nitrogen (TA-N) to channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) at pH 7, 8, and 9 (total hardness, 40 mg/liter; temperature, 21–25 C) were 263.6 ± 11.3 (SE), 38.8 ± 1.8, and 4.5 ± 0.2 mg/liter, respectively. The 24-hour LC50 of un-ionized ammonia nitrogen (UIA-N) concentration at pH 8 was significantly higher (1.82 ± 0.06 mg/liter) than at pH 7 or 9 (1.39 ± 0.06 and 1.49 ± 0.12 mg/liter). Enrichment of the water to 440 mg/liter total hardness at pH 7 significantly increased the 24-hour LC50 of TA-N and UIA-N (356.3 ± 16.4 and 1.79 ± 0.07). Fish exposed to 25 mg/liter TA-N for 12 hours at pH 7 and 8 showed no differences from control fish in hematocrit, percent total plasma protein, or plasma and muscle chloride. Plasma sodium showed no difference between control and experimental groups at pH 7; however, a significant decrease occurred in fish exposed to 25 mg/liter TA-N at pH 8. No differences in blood pH were found between the control groups and fish exposed to 100 and 200 mg/liter TA-N at pH 7, and to 10 and 25 mg/liter TA-N at pH 8. Plasma sodium depletion is suggested as a contributing mechanism of ammonia toxicity.
P2P-Based VoIP QoS Management in Heterogeneous Networks (2009)

Peer to peer (P2P) technology has dramatically transformed the landscape of the Internet traffic in recent years, which induces greatly attention and research on the deployment of P2P-based applications in heterogeneous networks. Indeed many obstacles still lie ahead. The main objective of this paper is to present a new method to deploy the most promising P2P technologies for heterogeneous networks based voice services. IMS, SIP and SOA are adopted in this work to ensure the possibility of heterogeneous communication and the scalable VoIP service in the heterogeneous environment. Because P2P VoIP traffic potentially suffers from performance issues like packet loss, delay, jitter, which greatly affect the quality of service (QoS), a QoS-aware scheme deployed on end-points is proposed in the paper. A flow diagram is presented to make clear of how the Qos-aware scheme operates. Finally, we set up a simple testbed to validate the proposed scheme.
Mixtures of Heterogeneous Experts (2020)

No single machine learning algorithm is most accurate for all problems due to the effect of an algorithm's inductive bias. Research has shown that a combination of experts of the same type, referred to as a mixture of homogeneous experts, can increase the accuracy of ensembles by reducing the adverse effect of an algorithm's inductive bias. However, the predictive power of a mixture of homogeneous experts is still limited by the inductive bias of the algorithm that makes up the mixture. For this reason, combinations of different machine learning algorithms, referred to as a mixture of heterogeneous experts, has been proposed to take advantage of the strengths of different machine learning algorithms and to reduce the adverse effects of the inductive biases of these algorithms. This paper presents a mixture of heterogeneous experts, and evaluates its performance to that of a number of mixtures of homogeneous experts on a set of classification problems. The results indicate that a mixture of heterogeneous experts aggregates the advantages of experts, increasing the accuracy of predictions. The mixture of heterogeneous experts not only outperformed all homogeneous ensembles on two of the datasets, but also achieved the best overall accuracy rank across the various datasets.
Action learning in software development (1999)

This paper discusses some of the problems in staffing the information technology (IT) industry. It looks at a number of solutions that have been adopted and the role of action/experiential learning in helping to alleviate these problems. It reviews some recent empirical work that takes a holistic approach to on-the-job learning in the software industry and it explores some of the theories of learning that inform the process.
<i>GATA‐6</i> gene enhancer contains nested regulatory modules for primary myocardium and the embedded nascent atrioventricular conduction system (2004)

The cGATA-6 gene is flanked by an enhancer that selectively marks the atrioventricular conduction system (AVCS) in transgenic mice. This enhancer reads anterior/posterior and medial/lateral positional information very early in the cardiogenic program and remains active in progressively more restricted regions of primary myocardium leading up to the emergence of a histologically distinct AVCS. We undertook to parse this enhancer to resolve how the respective AVCS-specific transcription program is regulated at the molecular level. We determined that this AVCS enhancer includes a 102 bp module that is sufficient to restrict expression to primary nonchamber myocardium. This offers a novel tool to analyze the early molecular delineation of primary and chamber myocardium, which subsequently give rise to components of the central and peripheral conduction system, respectively. Furthermore, we show that this 102 bp module in turn contains a nested 47 bp core module that has the potential to direct expression specifically to the AVCS domain of primary myocardium, albeit with low efficiency. Accordingly, we show that a GATA site and a GC-rich site in the 102 bp region bolster the activity of the nested 47 bp AVCS core region even within the context of the parental 1,478 bp enhancer. These are the first functional elements to be reported for a cardiac conduction system-specific control region.
Ultra-high current density carbon nanotube field emitter structure on three-dimensional micro-channeled copper (2012)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Indranil Lahiri, Joyce Wong, Zilu Zhou, Wonbong Choi; Ultra-high current density carbon nanotube field emitter structure on three-dimensional micro-channeled copper. Appl. Phys. Lett. 6 August 2012; 101 (6): 063110. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4745010 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioApplied Physics Letters Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Consumer Involvement and the Consumer Product Safety Act (1974)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze those sections of the CPSA that invite consumer involvement; to present a brief survey of how the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), the independent agency administering the Act, has tried to interact with consumers in the first months of the Commission's existence; and to offer a few speculations on the longer-range prospects for meaningful consumer participation in the work of the Commission.
Mycophenolate mofetil in lupus nephritis (2005)

There is an increasing body of literature suggesting the efficacy and tolerability of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) for the treatment of lupus nephritis. The rationale for its use is based upon its successful profile as an immunosuppressive agent for prevention of allograft rejection, as well as studies in murine models of lupus which have reported improved renal function and animal survival compared to placebo. This report reviews the data regarding MMF therapy in murine lupus models, and describes the initial anecdotal experience with MMF in human lupus, especially in patients with glomerulonephritis who were unresponsive to corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide, or who had unacceptable toxicity on this standard of care regimen. The results of several nonblinded, controlled clinical trials are also described, in which MMF was compared to intravenous or oral cyclophosphamide in patients with lupus nephritis. MMF was found to be well tolerated, with most studies showing fewer infections than that associated with cyclophosphamide. Efficacy of MMF was at least equivalent to cyclophosphamide, and therefore appears to provide an alternative as a standard of care for induction and maintenance treatment of lupus nephritis.
Activity of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids on the Blood Pressure of Normotensive Rats (2000)

Plants belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family have been shown to be a good source of biologically active alkaloids. The effect of 20 Amaryllidaceae alkaloids on the blood pressure of normotensive rats was assessed. The compounds evaluated belong to the lycorine, homolycorine, galanthamine, crinane, tazettine and miscellaneous skeletal types.



At 1.5 mgkg−1, eight of the alkaloids assayed showed a significant effect on the arterial pressure of normotensive rats. Seven elicited a hypotensive response > 20%, with a lasting time ranging from 2.0 to 36.0 min while crinamine showed a hypertensive effect. These findings support the potential of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids as hypotensive drugs.
Novel approach to cell sampling from preimplantation ovine embryos and its potential use in embryonic genome analysis (2000)

The major obstacle in the extensive analysis of the embryonic genome is the small number of cells typically obtained after the embryo biopsy. The object of the present study was to develop a simple approach that would allow the collection of a sufficient number of cells from a single embryo for use in further analyses. A micromanipulator was used to make a hole in the zona pellucida of 28 compacted morulae, 27 early blastocysts and 31 expanded blastocysts. After further culture, the trophoblastic cells, which herniated through this hole, were cut and cultured in vitro for different periods and used for embryo sexing. The results showed that biopsies can be taken successfully from 96.3% of early blastocysts, compared with 67.7% of expanded blastocysts and 71.4% of compacted morulae. The trophoblastic vesicles contained 20.8 +/- 6.7 cells (mean +/- SEM) and, when cultured, formed a confluent monolayer. The sex of cells cultured was assayed by PCR and the 12 lambs born after transfer of biopsied embryos confirmed its 100% accuracy. Moreover, no significant differences were found in the viability rates in vitro among blastocysts vitrified immediately after biopsy (77.8%), blastocysts biopsied and vitrified after 24 h culture (76.9%) and blastocysts vitrified without manipulation (88.5%). In experiments in vivo, the lambing rate of biopsied and vitrified blastocysts was significantly (P < 0.05) lower (40.0%) compared with vitrified control embryos (68.7%). This new approach to the biopsy of preimplantation embryos is a useful good model in the assisted reproductive technologies of domestic, wild and human species.
Handling Persistent States in Process Checkpoint/Restart Mechanisms for HPC Systems (2009)

Computer clusters are today the reference architecture for high-performance computing. The large number of nodes in these systems induces a high failure rate. This makes fault tolerance mechanisms, e.g. process checkpoint/restart, a required technology to effectively exploit clusters. Most of the process checkpoint/restart implementations only handle volatile states and do not take into account persistent states of applications, which can lead to incoherent application restarts. In this paper, we introduce an efficient persistent state checkpoint/restoration approach that can be interconnected with a large number of file systems. To avoid the performance issues of a stable support relying on synchronous replication mechanisms, we present a failure resilience scheme optimized for such persistent state checkpointing techniques in a distributed environment. First evaluations of our implementation in the kDFS distributed file system show the negligible performance impact of our proposal.
Business Modeling with UML (2001)

The structure of the major protein of the pellicular membrane of Leishmania tropica was investigated. This protein is composed of two polypeptides, of ca. 50,000 d molecular weight, that were found to cross-react immunologically with the alpha and beta subunits of pig brain tubulin. The polypeptides and pig brain tubulin subunits were partially digested with S. aureus V8 protease, and the peptides obtained analysis by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A comparison of the patterns showed that the beta subunits of Leishmania and pig tubulin have very similar primary structures, while the alpha subunits have evolved divergently. These experiments demonstrate that the major polypeptides found in the pellicular membrane of L. tropica are alpha and beta subunits of tubulin. Immunoelectron microscopy indicates that the tubulin is located in the microtubules associated with the pellicular membrane of Leishmania. Arrays of microtubules were prepared by nonionic detergent treatment of the cells and observed by electron microscopy after negative staining. Optical diffraction reveals a 5 nm spacing between protofilaments in the microtubule and a 4 nm axial periodicity corresponding to the tubulin subunits. The pitch of the shallow left-hand three-start helix is 12 degrees. A distance of 47 nm separates each microtubule from the next. These data show that the dimensions and supramolecular organization of the tubulin subunits in the microtubules are identical in the pellicular membrane of L. tropica and in mammalian brain.