gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of Spittlebug Injury on Root Production and Sod Reserves of Coastal Bermudagrass<sup>1</sup> (1967)

Abstract Aboveground growth in fields of Coastal and other bermudagrass cultivars is often severely injured or killed in the southeastern United States by the two‐lined spittlebug, Prosapia bicincta (Say). Results of greenhouse and field investigations show that sustained spittlebug damage to the aboveground growth of Coastal bermudagrass significantly reduces root production and available sod reserves. The data suggest that the toxin, which the insect injects into plant stems, has little if any adverse effect on underground plant parts and that the reduction in root development and sod reserves is primarily a function of the cessation of photosynthesis and other essential life processes in top growth. The significant reduction in roots and sod reserves indicates that prolonged or yearly repetition of spittlebug damage can be expected to drastically reduce the productivity and persistence of bermudagrass.
Alterations in membrane transport properties by freezing injury in herbaceous plants: (1980)

Abstract Leakage of ions from a thawed tissue is a common phenomenon of freezing injury. This leakage is usually assumed to be due to loss of membrane semipermeability or membrane rupture by freezing injury. Freeze injured, yet living, onion ( Allium cepa L.) epidermal cells were used to study alterations in cell membranes that result in leakage of ions. In spite of a large efflux of ions, freeze injured cells could be plasmolysed and they remained plasmolysed for several days just like the unfrozen control cells. Injured cells also exhibited protoplasmic streaming. Passive transport of KCl, urea and methyl urea across the cell membranes of injured and control cells was also studied. No difference could be detected for the transport rates of urea and methyl urea between control and injured cells. However, a dramatic increase in the transport rate of KCl was found for the injured cells. Depending upon the extent of initial freezing injury, an increase or a decrease in injury symptoms was found in the post‐thaw period. During the progress of freezing injury, 10 days after thawing, a swelling of the protoplasm was seen in the irreversibly injured cells. In spite of this swelling, these cells could be plasmolysed. It appears that the high amount of K + that leaks out into the extracellular water, due to freezing injury, causes protoplasmic swelling by replacing Ca 2+ in the plasma membrane. We conclude that protoplasmic swelling is a sign of secondary injury. The results presented in this study show that membrane semipermeability is not completely lost and membrane rupture does not occur during the initial stage of freezing injury. In fact, the cells have the ability to repair damage depending upon the degree of injury. Our results show there are specific alterations in membrane semipermeability (e.g., transport of K + ) which could be repaired completely depending on the degree of injury. These findings suggest that ion leakage due to freezing injury is due to alteration in the membrane proteins and not in the membrane lipids.
<i>cis</i>-Di-μ-oxido-bis[(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethyldithiocarbamato-κ<sup>2</sup><i>S</i>,<i>S</i>′)oxidomolybdenum(V)](<i>Mo</i>—<i>Mo</i>) tetrahydrofuran monosolvate (2011)

The title compound, [Mo(2)(C(5)H(10)NS(2))(2)O(4)]·C(4)H(8)O, can be readily prepared in tetra-hydro-furan (THF) by an oxidation reaction between the Mo(IV) precursor [MoO(S(2)CNEt(2))(2)] with [ReMeO(3)]. The compound is an axially symmetric Mo(V) dimer (2 symmetry), in which the metal atoms exhibit a distorted square-pyramidal coordination environment. A THF mol-ecule was found to be equally disordered over two symmetry-related sites (around a twofold rotation axis), trans-coordinated to the apical oxido group and weakly inter-acting with the Mo(V) atoms [Mo-O = 2.6213 (19) Å]. In the crystal, some weak C-H⋯O inter-actions occur between the terminal oxido and neighbouring -CH(3) groups of an adjacent [Mo(μ-O)O(S(2)CNEt(2))](2) unit.
Synthesis of Multi‐Substituted Pyrazoles Utilizing the N‐Alkylated 3‐Hydroxy‐3‐propargyl‐ or Allenylisoindolines. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Differential translation of the Na,K-ATPase subunit mRNAs. (1992)

Expression of the Na,K-ATPase alpha and beta subunit genes is influenced by a complex series of regulatory pathways. For example, unequal amounts of subunit mRNAs are detected in several tissues, both at rest and upon mRNA induction, even though equal quantities of subunit proteins exist. We therefore studied mRNA stability and translational efficiency of wild type, deletion mutant, and chimeric subunit mRNAs in a cell-free translation system, to examine the possible role of post-transcriptional events in regulating subunit expression. alpha 1 mRNA translated less efficiently than beta 1 mRNA and competed less efficiently for rate-limiting translation factors. Deletion of the 5'-untranslated region of alpha 1 mRNA significantly increased its translation efficiency. Conversely, the alpha 1 5'-untranslated region impaired translation of beta 1 mRNA when attached upstream of the beta 1 coding sequence. This region is G/C-rich, and has a complex mRNA secondary structure. We propose that differential translational efficiency may contribute to the equal biosynthesis of subunit proteins in those tissues in which subunit mRNAs either exist in unequal amounts or are differentially induced.
Modeling Dike Failure using the Material Point Method (2017)

In this study, the material point method (MPM) is used to simulate and analyze the onset and evolution of the failure of a sand dike due to seepage flow. To that purpose, a MPM formulation in conjunction with an elastic-perfectly plastic soil model with Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion is used. For comparison, the onset of failure is also simulated with the standard finite element method. The results show that the double-point MPM formulation can satisfactorily model the essential features of the failure mechanism of the dike.
New Architecture Supporting Plug and Play of Service Modules for A Home Network System with Flexible Expandability (2006)

We propose a new architecture that supports the plug and play of service modules for a centrally managed home network system. Service modules are designed independent of the server package and are managed flexibly. Modules belonging to the same service class can be configured to work exclusively or cooperatively. This architecture provides the possibility to set up a system adapted to user needs, which contributes to the spread of home networks and further progress in consumer electronics.
Pancreas (2007)

Abstract Cancer of the pancreas is fundamentally a genetic disease; a disease caused by inherital and acquired alderations in cancer associated genes.
Correlation between radiation dose and damage to optic disc and macula in eyes treated with ruthenium brachytherapy (2015)

Purpose Poor visual acuity and blindness due to retinal damage are challenging side effects to 106Ru‐plaque treatments of malignant melanomas. In this study, we evaluated the dose to fovea and to the optic nerve and investigated the link between dose and the occurrence of macular and optic nerve damage. Methods The study included 54 patients treated in 2005 and 2006 in Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark. Six patients were excluded due to missing information on ocular outcome. Using dedicated commercial software, the tumour was retrospectively contoured on pre‐treatment fundus images. The position of the plaque was determined from the radiation scar in post‐treatment fundus images and enabled to recreate the dose distribution. The presence of ocular damage was determined from the same post‐treatment fundus images. The dose to the fovea and optic nerve were reported and compared to the presence of ocular damage. Results The estimated dose to the macula for patients with macular damage (median: 64 Gy, range: 7–668 Gy) was significantly larger than for patients with no macular damage (me‐ dian: 7, range: 0‐31 Gy) (p = 1.8·10 −7 ). Optic nerve doses for patients with optic nerve damage (median: 87 Gy, range: 38–257 Gy) similarly differed significantly from those for patients without damage (median: 17 Gy, range: 0–122 Gy) (p = 1.7·10 −4 ). Conclusions After 106Ru‐plaque treatment, patients where ocular damage was identified had received a significantly higher dose to the macula and optic nerve compared to patients with no signs of ocular damage.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in SAR1A Codon Regions Associated with Hydroxyurea Response in Sickle Cell Disease and Potentially Influenced in Mirnas Binding (2019)

Therapeutic induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is one of the most promising approaches to ameliorate the severity of hemoglobinopathies such as β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SCD). Among HbF induction agents, hydroxyurea (HU) was approved by FDA to use for the treatment of SCD. However, there is variability in HU response among SCD patients. Individual genetic variants are mostly influenced in differences in pharmacological responsiveness to drug. We previously reported that the small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein, secretion-associated and RAS-related (SAR1A) protein was a specific HU-inducible gene. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SAR1A promoter also contributed to inter-individual differences in regulation of HbF expression and SCD patient responses to HU. Additionally, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as potential key genes that regulate HbF induction and related with the clinical heterogeneity of SCD. Here, we demonstrate that SNPs within SAR1A coding regions are associated with differences in individual responses to HU therapy and potentially influenced in miRNAs binding. In order to determine SNPs in SAR1A coding regions, we sequenced all 8 exons of SAR1A gene in 32 SCD patients. Three (rs56090714, rs3812693, rs56381518)and twenty-four (rs78341510, rs114346554, rs72807054, rs1370644731, rs1491135303, rs1412150420, rs1423653432, rs1480964347, rs1479076497, rs1180306451, rs1482823291, rs1275470720, rs201493587, rs1470556171, rs2394643, rs80028936, rs7919647, rs115340990, rs15801, rs1046747, rs79535872, rs7653, rs1280408553, and rs10586) variants were identified in codon 1 and 8, respectively. Interestingly, codon 2 was found a novel mutation at position 119, C&gt;A. No mutation was detected in codon 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Among these SNPs, rs7919647 at codon 8 was highest frequency (96.9%) in SCD patients. Next, we analyzed the association of SNPs and clinical and laboratory profiles using multiple regression. The rs56381518, rs1479076497, rs1180306451, rs1482823291, rs2394643 and rs115340990 showed significant association with total Hb levels after HU treatment in SCD patients. Only rs1180306451 was associated with absolute HbF levels (P= 0.0161). While no SNPs were observed significant association with HbF, F-cell or F-reticulocyte levels. In addition, the potential miRNAs binding to SNPs at 3'UTR regions were determined by using MicroSNiPer. We found miRNAs that may bind to SNPs as shown in Table 1. miR-625-5p, miR-5003-3p, miR-1236-5p, miR4271, miR-345-3p, miR4725-3p, miR-378a-3p, miR-548q and miR-135a-3p were previously identified only in mild-SCD patients. Furthermore, it has been reported that miR-1200 and miR-19b-1-5p were differentially expressed in high HbF levels condition. Our findings highlight the importance of genetic variants in SAR1A codon region that may predict the hydroxyurea response in SCD patients and miRNAs role in clinical heterogeneity of SCD. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Lethargy of laser oscillations and supermodes in free-electron lasers. I (1988)

We propose an analytical solution to the propagation equation of the optical pulse both in free-electron lasers and in optical klystrons. Our results include in a natural way the lethargy and wave-packet spreading.
Local gating of a graphene Hall bar by graphene side gates (2007)

We have investigated the magnetotransport properties of a single-layer graphene Hall bar with additional graphene side gates. The side gating in the absence of a magnetic field can be modeled by considering two parallel conducting channels within the Hall bar. This results in an average penetration depth of the side gate created field of approximately $90\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$. The side gates are also effective in the quantum Hall regime and allow to modify the longitudinal and Hall resistances.
Ba<sub>2</sub>Nd<sub>7</sub>Si<sub>11</sub>N<sub>23</sub>—A Nitridosilicate with a Zeolite‐Analogous Si–N Structure (1997)

A synthetic access to novel nitridozeolites has been opened by the formal exchange of oxygen for nitrogen in microporous oxozeolites. Ba2Nd7Si11N23 is the first example of a network structure containing corner-sharing SiN4 tetrahedra with wide channels. In sharp contrast to conventional oxidic zeolites, this nitridozeolite is stable up to 1600 °C.
Changes in the mutual orientation of tRNA and 23S rRNA at the peptidyl transferase center of the ribosome detected by crosslinking of a photoreactive transition-state analog (2007)

Dynamic interactions between the amino acid acceptor end of tRNA and the ribosome underlie the synthesis of successive peptide bonds at the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Photo-crosslinking of the 3′-terminal nucleotide of tRNA, which is adjacent to the attached amino acid or peptide, to components of the 50S subunit has proven to be a sensitive means for identifying specific protein and RNA segments in close proximity to the site of peptide bond formation. I have used this approach to follow changes in the position of the tRNA during peptide bond formation using several photoreactive tRNA-derived ligands. Three new photoreactive tRNA derivatives have been synthesized for use as probes of the PTC of the ribosome. In two of these derivatives, the 3′ adenosine in position 76 of yeast tRNAPhe has been replaced by either 2-azidodeoxyadenosine or 2-azido-2′-O-methyladenosine, while in a third the 3′-terminal 2-azidodeoxyadenosine of the tRNA is joined to puromycin via a phosphoramidate linkage to generate a photoreactive transition-state analog. All three derivatives bind to the P site of 70S ribosomes with affinities similar to that of unmodified tRNA Phe and can be crosslinked to components of the 50S ribosomal subunit by irradiation with near UV light. Yeast tRNAPhe containing 2-azidoadenosine, [2N3A76]tRNAPhe, typically crosslinks to the N-terminal sequence of protein L27 as well as to nucleotides U2506 and U2585 of the 23S rRNA. While the photoreactive transition-state analog, [2N3dA76]tRNAPhe-p-Puro, crosslinked the same components as [2N3A76]tRNAPhe, the distribution of crosslinks is altered significantly. The crosslinking to nucleotide U2506 is strongly reduced, and two new crosslinked nucleotides A2450 and A2602 were detected. Characteristic differences in the crosslinking patterns suggest that these tRNA derivatives can be used to follow subtle changes in the position of the tRNA relative to the components of the PTC.
Effect of cross-transplantation on normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rat arterial muscle membrane. (1981)

Transplantation of arteries into the anterior eye chamber of rats for 8 weeks was used to test the hypothesis that the neurohumoral environment is important in establishing the altered membrane potential (observable during electrogenic ion transport inhibition) of vascular muscle in hypertension. When caudal arteries from 12- to 16-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) or genetically matched Kyoto-Wistar normotensive rats (KNR) were transplanted into the opposite strain, there was no change in the transport inhibited membrane potential (Em) of the arterial muscle cells from that found in freshly excised donor arteries. However, when caudal arteries from 2-week-old animals were transplanted into the anterior eye chamber, the arteries always developed the appropriate Em for the host animal. In other words, a genetically KNR artery developed the Em of an SHR artery in an SHR host; conversely, a genetically SHR artery developed the Em of a KNR artery in the KNR host. These results provide evidence that: 1) the differences between th Em of caudal arteries from SHR and KNR are not inherent in those muscle cells; 2) the change in Em is triggered in young animals preceding development of hypertension, but not after hypertension is established; and 3) the Em alteration of the caudal artery is independent of structural changes that occur in the artery as a result of increased blood pressure (because KNR transplants were not connected in series with the host anterior eye chamber vasculature and subject to the elevated blood pressures). We conclude that the arterial muscle cells up to a certain age respond to an external factor that regulates their Em and presumably their sensitivity to vasopressor agents.
Automated synthesis of computational circuits using genetic programming (2002)

Analog electrical circuits that perform mathematical functions (e.g., cube root, square) are called computational circuits. Computational circuits are of special practical importance when the small number of required mathematical functions does not warrant converting an analog signal into a digital signal, performing the mathematical function in the digital domain, and then converting the result back to the analog domain. The design of computational circuits is difficult even for mundane mathematical functions and often relies on the clever exploitation of some aspect of the underlying device physics of the components. Moreover, implementation of each different mathematical function typically requires an entirely different clever insight. This paper demonstrates that computational circuits can be designed without such problem-specific insights using a single uniform approach involving genetic programming. Both the circuit topology and the sizing of all circuit components are created by genetic programming. This uniform approach to the automated synthesis of computational circuits is illustrated by evolving circuits that perform the cube root function (for which no circuit was found in the published literature) as well as for the square root, square, and cube functions.
Preface: Forum on Conjugated Polymer Materials for Sensing and Biomedical Applications (2013)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTPreface: Forum on Conjugated Polymer Materials for Sensing and Biomedical ApplicationsShu Wang and Kirk S. SchanzeCite this: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2013, 5, 11, 4487Publication Date (Web):June 12, 2013Publication History Published online12 June 2013Published inissue 12 June 2013https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/am401866uhttps://doi.org/10.1021/am401866ueditorialACS PublicationsCopyright © 2013 American Chemical Society. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views1161Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (111 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Biomaterials,Conjugated polymers,Fluorescence,Interfaces,Materials Get e-Alerts
Iron‐Mediated Coupling of Two Ethyl Anions to Form a 2‐Butyne Ligand (2014)

Abstract The σ‐aryliron complexes [ 5 CpFe(C 6 H 3 i Pr 2 ‐2,6)] ( 2 , 5 Cp = η 5 ‐C 5 i Pr 5 ) and [ 4 CpFe(C 6 H 3 i Pr 2 ‐2,6)] ( 6 , 4 Cp = η 5 ‐C 5 H i Pr 4 ) are available from the halides [ 5 CpFe(μ‐Br)] 2 ( 1 ) and [ 4 CpFe(μ‐Br)] 2 ( 4 ) and have been used for σ/π rearrangement reactions with trialkylaluminum compounds. Whereas trimethylaluminum can be added to 2 and 6 to form the aryltrimethylaluminate complexes [ 5 CpFe(μ,η 6 :η 1 ‐C 6 H 3 i Pr 2 ‐2,6)AlMe 3 ] ( 3 ) and [ 4 CpFe(μ,η 6 :η 1 ‐C 6 H 3 i Pr 2 ‐2,6)AlMe 3 ] ( 7 ) in clean σ/π rearrangement reactions, the addition of tripropylaluminum to 6 afforded a mixture containing the aryl(bromo)dipropylaluminate complex [ 4 CpFe(μ,η 6 :η 1 ‐C 6 H 3 i Pr 2 ‐2,6)AlBr(C 3 H 7 ) 2 ] ( 8 ). With triethylaluminum, a similar product mixture was obtained and could be separated to yield the aryl(bromo)diethylaluminate [ 4 CpFe(μ,η 6 :η 1 ‐C 6 H 3 i Pr 2 ‐2,6) AlBr(C 2 H 5 ) 2 ] ( 9 ), the aryltriethylaluminate [ 4 CpFe(μ,η 6 :η 1 ‐C 6 H 3 i Pr 2 ‐2,6)Al(C 2 H 5 ) 3 ] ( 10 ), the arene complex [ 4 CpFe(η 6 ‐C 6 H 4 i Pr 2 ‐1,3)]Br ( 11 ), and the 2‐butyne complex [( 4 CpFe) 2 (μ,η 2 :η 2 ‐MeCCMe)] ( 12 ). The formation of 12 involves the coupling of two ethyl groups with the loss of four hydrogen atoms and could also be observed in reactions of the bromide dimer 4 or the σ aryl complex 6 with ethylmagnesium bromide. The aluminates 3 , 7 , 8 , and 10 , the arene sandwich 11 , the 2‐butyne complex 12 , as well as the alkylcyclopentadienyliron(II) halides [ 5 CpFe(μ‐Br)] 2 ( 1 ), [ 4 CpFe(μ‐Br)] 2 ( 4 ), and [ 4 CpFe(μ‐I)] 2 ( 5 ) have been crystallographically characterized.
Glucocorticoid receptor mRNA levels are selectively decreased in neutrophils of children with sepsis (2009)

Children with sepsis or septic shock showed a transient depression of glucocorticoid receptor mRNA in their neutrophils. This feature may represent a tissue-specific adaptation during sepsis leading to increased cortisol resistance of neutrophils. Our study adds to understanding the mechanism of cortisol sensitivity in immune cells. Future treatment strategies, aiming at timing and tissue specific regulation of glucocorticoids, might benefit patients with sepsis or septic shock.
Further Development of a Micro Hall Thruster (2006)

The operation and performance characterization of a micro Hall thruster is presented. The thruster is co-axial in design, with a 0.5 mm channel width and 4 mm outer diameter. The magnetic circuit includes a SmCo permanent magnet generating approximately 0.7 T at the exit plane and 1 T in the channel. Operation with a hollow cathode neutralizer is achieved in the 10-40 W power range with an anode flow rate of 0.12-0.20 mg/s Xe. The thrust is measured to be in the range of 0.6-1.6 mN for an anode flow rate of 0.17-0.20 mg/s and an applied voltage of 110-275V. Thrust efficiency and the specific impulse are in the range of 10-15 % and 300-850 s, respectively, for the same conditions. Relatively broad ion energy distributions and large beam divergence are observed from an analysis of the plume using a retarding potential analyzer and ion current probe. The thruster exhibits the characteristic “breathing mode” instability in the 35-70 kHz frequency range.