gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence and seroincidence of Leptospira infection in dogs during a one-year period in an endemic urban area in Southern Brazil (2015)

Follow-ups with mean trimester intervals were incapable of detecting any increase in seroprevalence due to seroincident cases of canine leptospirosis, suggesting that antibody titers may fall within three months. Further studies on incident infections, disease burden or risk factors for incident Leptospira cases should take into account the detectable lifespan of the antibody.
Pre‐Ripening damage to cottonseed by<i>aspergillus flavus</i> is not influenced by seed coat permeability (1991)

Abstract Infection of cottonseed ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) by Aspergillus flavus and associated production of aflatoxins are problems in the arid portions of the United States cotton belt. The hard seed (impermeable to water) characteristic confers resistance to these problems in ripened cottonseed. Experiments were done to determine if low seed coat permeability to water or impermeability protect developing seeds from deterioration and aflatoxin formation. No differences were observed in the degree of seed deterioration in the various cotton lines that could be attributed to seed coat permeability. It is likely that, because the impermeable or low permeability phenotypes are expressed only upon seed ripening, these characteristics afford no protection to cottonseed against attack by A. flavus during seed development.
Emulsion polymerization of ethylene. I. Polymerization formulas and conditions (1965)

Formulas and operating conditions for the emulsion polymerization of ethylene are described. Stable latex products were obtained with a variety of anionic and nonionic emulsifiers, but for the majority of the work fatty acids or polyethoxylated alkyl phenols were used. Potassium persulfate was a satisfactory initiator at concentrations of 0.05–0.50 part per 100 parts of aqueous medium. Substitution of up to 15% of the water with tert-butyl alcohol increased the latex particle size and the molecular weight of the polymer. Pressures of 3000–5000 psig and temperatures in the range of 80–100°C. provided practical polymerization rates and stable latex products that could be concentrated by evaporation to 40–50% solids. The concentrated products were fluid and stable during storage for one year or more. Polymer isolated from the latexes exhibited a tensile strength of 1100–1400 psi, an elongation of 30–50%, and a Shore D hardness of 40–45.
Lebensbedrohliche Lactatacidosen bei totaler parenteraler Ernährung: Therapieerfolg mit Thiamin (2008)

Two patients, 37 and 44 years old, respectively, developed severe metabolic acidosis after abdominal surgery which was followed by three weeks of total parenteral nutrition. Septicaemia, peritonitis or hypoxia were excluded as possible causes. Both patients had very high serum lactate concentrations (24.3 and 22.8 mmol/l, respectively). Conventional treatment with buffer agents was unsuccessful. Because vitamin B1 deficiency was suspected, two doses of 400 mg thiamine were administered. In both patients the extreme lactic acidosis disappeared immediately after the injections. Both patients were later discharged without any symptoms.
Intracellular calcium, currents, and stimulus-response coupling in endothelial cells. (1993)

Vascular endothelium appears to be a unique organ. It not only responds to numerous hormonal and chemical signals but also senses changes in physical parameters such as shear stress, producing mediators that modulate the responses of numerous cells, including vascular smooth muscle, platelets, and leukocytes. In many cases, the initial response of endothelial cells to these diverse signals involves elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ and activation of Ca(2+)-dependent enzymes, including nitric oxide synthase and phospholipase A2. Both the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores, most likely the endoplasmic reticulum, and the influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular space contribute to the [Ca2+]i increase. The most important trigger for Ca2+ release is inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, which is generated by the action of phospholipase C, a plasmalemmal enzyme activated in many cases by the receptor-G protein cascade. Ca2+ influx appears to be related to the activity of receptor-G protein-enzyme complex and to the degree of fullness of the endoplasmic reticulum but does not involve voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. The magnitude of the Ca2+ influx depends on the electrochemical gradient, which is modulated by the membrane potential, Vm. Under basal conditions, Vm is dominated by a large inward rectifier K+ current. Some stimuli, e.g., acetylcholine, have been shown to hyperpolarize Vm, thus increasing the electrochemical gradient for Ca2+, which appears to be modulated by activation of Ca(2+)-dependent K+ and Cl- currents. However, the lack of potent and specific blockers for many of the described or postulated channels (e.g., nonselective cation channel, Ca(2+)-activated Cl- channel) makes an estimation of their effect on endothelial cell function rather difficult. Possible future directions of research and clinical implications are discussed.
Koronarbypassoperation bei hochgradig eingeschränkter Ventrikelfunktion (2002)

We conclude that CABG can be used successfully to improve life expectancy of patients with end-stage coronary artery disease. CABG leads to acceptable prognosis for these high-risk patients when the myocardium is preoperatively identified as being viable.
Duplex signaling by CaM and Stac3 enhances CaV1.1 function and provides insights into congenital myopathy (2018)

Ca<sub>V</sub>1.1 is essential for skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling. Its functional expression is tuned by numerous regulatory proteins, yet underlying modulatory mechanisms remain ambiguous as Ca<sub>V</sub>1.1 fails to function in heterologous systems. In this study, by dissecting channel trafficking versus gating, we evaluated the requirements for functional Ca<sub>V</sub>1.1 in heterologous systems. Although coexpression of the auxiliary β subunit is sufficient for surface-membrane localization, this baseline trafficking is weak, and channels elicit a diminished open probability. The regulatory proteins calmodulin and stac3 independently enhance channel trafficking and gating via their interaction with the Ca<sub>V</sub>1.1 carboxy terminus. Myopathic stac3 mutations weaken channel binding and diminish trafficking. Our findings demonstrate that multiple regulatory proteins orchestrate Ca<sub>V</sub>1.1 function via duplex mechanisms. Our work also furnishes insights into the pathophysiology of stac3-associated congenital myopathy and reveals novel avenues for pharmacological intervention.
Skyline-sensitive joins with LR-pruning (2012)

Efficient processing of skyline queries has been an area of growing interest. Most existing techniques assume that the skyline query is applied to a single data table. Unfortunately, this is not true in many applications where, due to the complexity of the schema, the skyline query may involve attributes belonging to multiple tables. Recently, various hybrid skyline-join algorithms have been proposed. However, the current proposals suffer from several drawbacks: they often need to scan the input tables exhaustively in order to obtain the set of skyline-join results; moreover, the pruning techniques employed to eliminate the tuples are largely based on expensive pairwise tuple-to-tuple comparisons. In this paper, we aim to address these shortcomings by proposing two novel skyline-join algorithms, namely skyline-sensitive join (S 2J) and symmetric skyline-sensitive join (S 3J), to process skyline queries over multiple tables. Our approaches compute the results using a novel layer/region pruning technique (LR-pruning) that prunes the join space in blocks as opposed to individual data points, thereby avoiding excessive pairwise point-to-point dominance checks. Furthermore, the S 3J algorithm utilizes an early stopping condition in order to successfully compute the skyline results by accessing only a subset of the input tables. We report extensive experimental results that confirm the advantages of the proposed algorithms over the state-of-the-art skyline-join techniques.
Differences in Autotoxicity among Seven Alfalfa Cultivars (1995)

Abstract There is a need to determine if alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L. subsp. sativa ) can be selected for low concentrations of allelopathic compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate alfalfa cultivar differences in autotoxic traits in relation to various concentrations of aqueous extracts. Plant extracts from seven alfalfa cultivars (Apollo‐Supreme, Arrow, Vernal, DK‐125, Dawn, Pioneer 5472, and Magnum III) were evaluated in the laboratory for autotoxic effects on the same cultivar at four levels of extract solution (10, 20, 30, and 40% w/v). Double‐distilled water was used as a control. Germination percentage, seedling length, and seedling dry weight were measured to determine the effect of the same cultivar extracts on alfalfa growth. These parameters were significantly reduced as the extract concentration increased. The highest concentration (40%) caused the greatest reduction in hypocotyl and radicle length, seedling dry weight, germination percentage, and seedling vigor in all cultivars. It also significantly increased the time required for germination. Autotoxicity effects were significantly different among the various cultivars. Cultivars may be classified in the following order of decreasing inhibition: Pioneer 5472, Arrow, Magnum III, Vernal, Apollo‐Supreme, DK‐125 and Dawn. The results indicate that there may be genetic differences among cultivars for resistance to alfalfa autotoxicity, and that selection for low autotoxicity may be possible.
Stabilization of charge on electrically insulating surfaces during SIMS experiments—experimental and theoretical studies of the specimen isolation method (1985)

Abstract Recent experiments have shown that secondary ion mass spectrometric (SIMS) measurements of insulator surfaces can be greatly facilitated by the use of a charged aperture located immediately above the analysis area (the ‘specimen isolation technique’). This allows the surface potential within the aperture area to be stabilized. Charging is stabilized when the potential difference between the surface and the aperture becomes large enough that excessive charge, in the form of secondary electrons, is drained away from the surface to the aperture. The potential difference generated on such insulating surfaces can be measured experimentally by varying the voltages applied to the electrostatic analyzer to measure the secondary ion intensity as a function of kinetic energy. Such measurements have been carried out on a Cameca IMS‐3F instrument for a range of aperture dimensions and for different primary and secondary ions. The surface potential can be stabilized at a potential readily measurable by the electrostatic analyzer for both O − and Cs + ion beams. The mechanism for this stabilization has been analyzed through calculations of two dimensional contours for the region around the specimen holder. For surfaces with a very high charging potential (>600 V), potential wells which can trap ions of low kinetic energy develop near the surface. Element and oxide secondary ion kinetic energy distribution curves, taken under specimen isolation conditions, which differ from those obtained under normal non‐charging SIMS conditions, are evidence for such ion trapping.
Three‐dimensional localization for the MagneBike inspection robot (2010)

Abstract The MagneBike inspection robot is a climbing robot equipped with magnetic wheels. The robot is designed to drive on three‐dimensional (3D) complexly shaped pipe structures; therefore it is necessary to provide 3D visualization tools for the user, who remotely controls the robot out of sight. The localization system is required to provide a 3D map of the unknown environment and the 3D location of the robot in the environment's map. The localization strategy proposed in this paper consists of combining 3D odometry with 3D scan registration. The odometry model is based on wheel encoders and a three‐axis accelerometer. Odometry enables the tracking of the robot trajectory between consecutive 3D scans and is used as a prior for the scan matching algorithm. The 3D scan registration facilitates the construction of a 3D map of the environment and refines the robot position computed with odometry. This paper describes in detail the implementation of the localization concept. It presents the lightweight, small‐sized 3D range finder that has been developed for the MagneBike. It also proposes an innovative 3D odometry model that estimates the local surface curvature to compensate for the absence of angular velocity inputs. The different tools are characterized in detail based on laboratory and field experiments. They show that the localization concepts reliably track the robot moving in the specific application environment. We also describe various techniques to optimize the 3D scanning process, which is time consuming, and to compensate for the identified limitations. These techniques are useful inputs for the future automatization of the robot's control and optimization of its localization process. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accelerated monochromatic radiative transfer for scattering atmospheres: Application of a new model to spectral radiance observations (1997)

A fast and numerically accurate model for monochromatic transfer in scattering atmospheres has been developed to extend the capabilities of the existing LBLRTM line‐by‐line model to the treatment of clouds and aerosols. The algorithm is based on the adding‐doubling method and is specifically designed to perform radiance calculations in both the thermal and the solar regimes using any specified number of computational streams. The efficient implementation of the adding‐doubling scheme makes it possible to use the multiple‐scattering algorithm in retrieval applications, an essential requirement for the intended use of the algorithm in atmospheric validation studies. The algorithm is applied to observations of water clouds from the ground‐based high spectral resolution atmospheric emitted radiance interferometer (AERI) made during the daytime. Retrieval of cloud mode radius, cloud liquid water, and effective cloud fraction is required to model the AERI radiance measurements in the 520–1500 cm −1 band and in the 1800–3020 cm −1 band which contains significant scattered solar energy. An initial assessment is made of the spectral information content of the AERI measurements for water cloud properties and of the quality of the spectral fits obtainable with those three parameters in the two spectral bands.
The association of C-Reactive Protein Level with Muscle Strength in Japanese Adult Men (2011)

BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation impairs muscle function. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level is considered to represent the grade of chronic inflammation. High CRP level is associated with general loss of muscle function in older age. We investigated if muscle strength is associated with the levels of CRP in Japanese adults who have lower levels of CRP within normal range (1mg/L). PURPOSE: To determine the association between serum CRP level and muscle strength and its gain or loss in Japanese adult men in a 1-year prospective study. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from Japanese workers in their annual health check-up examination in 2008 for hsCRP measurement. Grip strength and leg extension power was measured at both 2008 and 2009. RESULTS: After adjustment for potential confounders, the adjusted means (95% confidence interval [CI]) for grip strength across the tertiles of serum CRP level in a cross sectional analysis of 954 men (age 46.7±10.5 years) at baseline, were 44.2 kg (43.5, 44.9), 44.1 kg (43.4, 44.7), 42.5 kg (41.8, 43.3) with a significant trend of lower grip strength towards higher CRP (p for trend=0.003). The adjusted means (95% confidence interval [CI]) for leg extension power across the tertiles of serum CRP levels in a sub-group cross sectional analysis of 690 men (age 46.7±10.7 years) were 18.4 W/kg (17.8, 18.9), 18.1 W/kg (17.6, 18.7), 17.8 W/kg (17.3, 18.4) with a significant trend of lower leg power towards higher CRP (p for trend=0.04). After 1-year follow-up, the adjusted means (95% confidence interval [CI]) for left grip strength loss across the tertiles of serum CRP level, were 0.86 kg (0.24, 1.48), 1.17 kg (0.55, 1.79), 1.50 kg (0.89, 2.12) with a significant trend of loss towards higher CRP (p for trend<0.05). No significant trend for strength or power loss or gain was found in right grip strength and leg extension power. CONCLUSION: Higher CRP level within normal range (1mg/L) was associated with lower grip strength and lower leg extension power. Higher CRP level within normal range (1mg/L) was associated with loss of grip strength after 1 year. Precise evaluation of serum CRP may enable earlier detection of functional muscle decline.This work is supported by a Grant-in-Aid under the "Knowledge Cluster Initiative" from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.
Acceleration of Electrons in Modulated Plasma Channels with Radially Polarized Laser Pulses (2010)

Two highly versatile experimental techniques are demonstrated for making preformed plasma waveguides with periodic structure capable of supporting the propagation of ultra‐intense femtosecond laser pulses. These waveguides were made in hydrogen, nitrogen and argon plasmas with a length of 15 mm and modulation period as short as 35 μm. Simulations show that these guides allow direct laser acceleration of electrons, achieving gradients of 80 MV/cm and 10 MV/cm for laser pulse powers of 1.9 TW and 30 GW, respectively. We also demonstrate a technique for making the required radially polarized pulses.
Ferromagnetism in the high-pressure phases of (GaSb)1−x Mnx (2006)

The electrophysical and magnetic properties of recently discovered high-pressure phases in the GaSb-Mn system with simple cubic and tetragonal structures have been examined. It has been shown that samples with the primitive cubic structure for low temperatures are in the ferromagnetic state and the Curic temperature depends on the initial manganese content and reaches T c = 280 K for x = 0.6. It has been shown that these samples for a manganese content x ≤ 0.5 are in the semiconducting state with large impurity conduction and pass to the metallic state as x increases. The GaSbMn phase with the tetragonal structure has ferromagnetic properties up to temperatures of T ∼450 K (at which the phase begins to decay) and exhibits metallic properties. The magnetization at T = 77.3 K is equal to M = 0.58 μB and 0.28 μB per manganese ion for the simple cubic and tetragonal phases, respectively.
A New Tire Cord Adhesion Test (1978)

Abstract A new tire cord adhesion test is reported. Although developed primarily for measuring adhesion of rubber to tire cord, the test is applicable to any cord‐ or wire‐reinforced composite, for example, rubber hose or belting. The specimen is a rubber bar of square cross section containing two partially embedded cord ends opposite each other. Upon the application of sufficient tensile force to the cords, failure is initiated at the tip of the embedded end and proceeds along the cord to the exterior, resulting in pull‐out of one of the ends. This result contrasts with the initiation of failure in a specimen of the pull‐through type containing a throughgoing cord. In the latter specimen, failure initiates where the cord emerges from the rubber and runs back into the interior. Failure is adhesive when pull‐out occurs. Under special conditions cohesive failure (tear) occurs and the specimen is cleaved transversely. Reproducibility is excellent and the test has high discriminating power. A theoretical equation permits calculation of the energy of adhesion.
ChemInform Abstract: GALLENFARBSTOFFSYNTH. 5. MITT. MESOBILIVIOLINE (1971)

Abstract In Nacharbeitung früherer Synthesen werden unter Verwendung reiner Ausgangsmaterialien und neuerer chromatographischer Methoden die Farbstoffe (IIIa) (Mesobiliviolin‐IXα‐dimethylester) und (IIIb) dargestellt; für letzteren, der früher als Mesobilirhodin‐IXα‐dimethylester bezeichnet wurde, jedoch ein Strukturisomeres von (IIIa) darstellt, wird der Name Isomesobiliviolin‐IXα‐dimethylester vorgeschlagen.
ChemInform Abstract: Acyclic Nucleoside and Nucleotide Analogues Derived from 2‐Azaadenine (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Synergistic Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets and Nanoclay on Epoxy Polymer Nanocomposites (2015)

The prime objective of this study was to fabricate epoxy polymer composite modified with graphene nanoplatelets (GP) and montmorillonite nanoclay (MMT) binary filler materials. Different loading percentages of individual and binary nanofillers were incorporated into an epoxy matrix system to investigate the synergistic effect of nanofillers on composites properties. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and three point bend test were carried out to investigate the viscoelastic and flexural properties of neat epoxy and nanofillers reinforced nanocomposites. Incorporation of 3 wt. % of MMT and 0.1 wt. % of GP resulted in better flexure strength, modulus and storage modulus although there is no significance change in glass transition temperature (Tg).
Phase change in tetraphenylphosphonium perchlorate (2000)

The title compound, C(24)H(20)P(+).ClO(4)(-), undergoes a sudden reversible phase change in the region of 173-180 K which involves ordering of three quarters of the perchlorate anions.
Synthesis, characterization, and anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of water-soluble salts of polyoxotungstate anions with covalently attached organic groups (1992)

The cesium and tetramethylammonium (TMA) salts of polyoxotungstate anions with covalently attached organosilyl groups of formula [(RSi)2O]SiW11O39(4-), where R = CH2CH2COCH3, (CH2)3CN, and CH==CH2 (1-R, cesium salt, unless otherwise noted) have been prepared, purified, and spectroscopically characterized. The water solubility (25 degrees C) of these 10 new compounds ranges from 0.14 mM to 2.16 mM. All appear to be stable in aqueous media over a period of several hours as assessed by 1H NMR. The activities (EC50) of the new compounds against human immunodeficiency virus in primary human lymphocytes range from 3.3 microM to 39.0 microM. Their toxicities (IC50) are all greater than 100 microM. The inhibition constants of the new compounds against purified virion-derived HIV-1 reverse transcriptase are in the 1-10 microM range.
Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions in the Cornea of the Guinea Pig (1962)

Summary Guinea pigs sensitized to a stage of Arthus skin response developed corneal opacification following careful intracorneal injection of small doses of the inciting protein antigen. The “Wessely ring,” representing precipitated antigen-antibody complexes and inflammatory cells in the avascular cornea, is rarely seen as a primary manifestation of immediate corneal sensitivity in the guinea pig. More commonly, a diffuse interstitial clouding accompanied by a limbal inflammatory response is seen. This must not be interpreted as a manifestation of delayed sensitivity since it can be reproduced passively with humoral antibody. An identical quantity of Evans blue dye is more rapidly removed from the cornea of the guinea pig than from the cornea of the rabbit. The anatomic make-up of the normal guinea pig’s cornea is believed to account for this discrepancy.
Self-Powered Low Power Signal Processing (2004)

A chip has been designed and tested t o demonstrate the feasibility of operating a digital system from power generated by vibrations in its environment. Calculations show that power on the order of 800 p W can be generated. Tests verify 1 MHz operation of a subband Alter chip using only 10’s of p W of power.