gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Learning under Storage and Privacy Constraints (2022)

Storage-efficient privacy-guaranteed learning is crucial due to enormous amounts of sensitive user data required for increasingly many learning tasks. We propose a framework for reducing the storage cost while at the same time providing privacy guarantees, without essential loss in the utility of the data for learning. Our method comprises noise injection followed by lossy compression. We show that, when appropriately matching the lossy compression to the distribution of the added noise, the compressed examples converge, in distribution, to that of the noise-free training data. In this sense, the utility of the data for learning is essentially maintained, while reducing storage and privacy leakage by quantifiable amounts. We present experimental results on the CelebA dataset for gender classification and find that our suggested pipeline delivers in practice on the promise of the theory: the individuals in the images are unrecognizable (or less recognizable, depending on the noise level), overall storage of the data is substantially reduced, with no essential loss of the classification accuracy. As an added bonus, our experiments suggest that our method yields a substantial boost to robustness in the face of adversarial test data.
A review of radiation countermeasures focusing on injury-specific medicinals and regulatory approval status: part I. Radiation sub-syndromes, animal models and FDA-approved countermeasures (2017)

From the U.S. and global perspectives, biomedical research concerning medical countermeasure development is quite robust, largely due to increased government funding following the 9/11 incidence and subsequent rise of terrorist-associated threats. A wide spectrum of radiation countermeasures for specific types of radiation injuries is currently under investigation. However, only a few radiation countermeasures have been fully approved by regulatory agencies for human use during radiological/nuclear contingencies. Additional research effort, with additional funding, clearly will be needed in order to fill this significant, unmet medical health problem.
Pharmacogenetics of Nicotine Metabolism in Twins: Methods and Procedures (2004)

This article describes a pharmacogenetic investigation of nicotine metabolism in twins. One hundred and thirty-nine twin pairs (110 monozygotic and 29 dizygotic) were recruited and assessed for smoking status, zygosity, and health conditions known or suspected to affect drug metabolism. Participants underwent a 30-minute infusion of stable isotope-labeled nicotine and its major metabolite, cotinine, followed by an 8-hour in-hospital stay. Blood and urine samples were taken at regular intervals for analysis of nicotine, cotinine, and metabolites by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and subsequent characterization of pharmacokinetic phenotypes. DNA was genotyped to confirm zygosity and for variation in the primary gene involved in nicotine metabolism, CYP2A6. Univariate and multivariate biometric analyses planned for the future will determine genetic and environmental influences on each pharmacokinetic measure individually and in combination with each other, and in the presence and absence of covariates, including measured genotype. When the analyses are completed, this study will result in a more complete characterization of the impact of genetic and environmental influences on nicotine and cotinine metabolic pathways than has heretofore been reported. The approach taken, with its use of a quantitative model of nicotine metabolism, highly refined metabolic phenotypes, measured genotype, and advanced tools for biometric genetic analysis, provides a model for the use of twins in next-generation studies of complex drug-metabolism phenotypes.
Experience of family function, family involvement, and self‐management in adult patients with type 2 diabetes: A thematic analysis (2019)

During clinical check-ups, patients should be encouraged to involve their family in lifestyle changes. Healthcare professionals need to recognize illness- and treatment beliefs and the impact of family function in disease management.
Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(B-+/- -> J/psi pi(+/-))/B(B-+/- -> J/psi K-+/-) (2009)

We report a measurement of the ratio of branching fractions of the decays B-+/- -> J/psi pi(+/-) and B-+/- -> J/psi K-+/- using the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The signal from the Cabbibo-suppressed B-+/- -> J/psi pi(+/-) decay is separated from B-+/- -> J/psi K-+/- using the B-+/- -> J/psi K-+/- invariant mass distribution and the kinematical differences of the hadron track in the two decay modes. From a sample of 220 pb(-1) of p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV, we observe 91 +/- 15 B-+/- -> J/psi pi(+/-) events together with 1883 +/- 34 B-+/- -> J/psi K-+/- events. The ratio of branching fractions is found to be B(B-+/- -> J/psi pi(+/-))/B(B-+/- -> J/psi K-+/-) = (4.86 +/- 0.82(stat) +/- 0.15(syst))%.
Validating engineering objectives of hydraulic fracture stimulations using microseismicity (2013)

Ted Urbancic and Adam Baig describe how engineering objectives of hydraulic fractures can be identified and validated through source characterization of microseismicity recorded as part of the stimulation programme.
Direct Correlation between Ionic Liquid Transport Properties and Ion Pair Lifetimes: A Molecular Dynamics Study (2015)

Self-diffusivities as a function of temperature were computed for 29 different ionic liquids (ILs) covering a wide variety of cation and anion classes. Ideal ionic conductivities (σNE) were estimated from the self-diffusivities via the Nernst-Einstein relation. The ion pair (IP) lifetimes (τIP) and ion cage (IC) lifetimes (τIC) of each IL were also computed. A linear relationship between the calculated self-diffusivities and the inverse of IP or IC lifetimes was observed. A similar inverse linear relationship was also observed for ideal ionic conductivity. These relationships were found to be independent of temperature and the nature of the IL. These observations connect macroscopic dynamic properties with local atomic-level motions and strongly suggest that the dynamics of ILs are governed by a universal IP or IC forming and breaking mechanism. Thus, in order to design an ionic liquid with enhanced dynamics, one should consider how to minimize IP or IC lifetimes.
The Hardy–Littlewood theorem for multiple fourier series with monotone coefficients (2016)

It was proved earlier that, for multiple Fourier series whose coefficients are monotone in each index, the classicalHardy–Littlewood theorem is not valid for p ≤ 2m/(m+1), where m is the dimension of the space. We establish how the theorem must be modified in this case.
A CASE OF IDIOPATHIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA PRESENTING MENTAL SIGNS AND GENERAL CLONIC SPASM (1965)

けいれん発作および精神症状を呈した特発性血小板減少性紫斑病の1例を経験した.症例は29才の女.主訴は皮下出血斑と倦怠感.入院時,全身に点状,および直径1～2cmの出血斑を認め,とくに下腹部に著明であつた.著しい貧血と血小板の減少を認めた. ITPの診断のもとに治療を行なつていたが10日目に突然全身の間代性けいれんを起こし,発作は日に2～3回で,発作時以外には意識障害はなかつた.しかし,発作がつゞいて起こつたあとから,いつもにこにこしてよく笑つていて,著明な記銘力の低下,自発書字の困難,見当識障害を示した.脳波は両側の前頭部とくに前頭極より1.5～2.0c/s, 100～300μVの高電圧の徐波を認めた.精神症状が軽快した後は脳波もほゞ正常に復した.初期のけいれん発作後4カ月目左口角部より起こり全身に及ぶジャクソン型のけいれん発作を起こしたが,発作間歇時の脳波では全く異常を認めなかつた.その後経過は良好である.けいれん発作は出血性素因による脳内出血のためで,その吸収過程において一部瘢痕化したため,後のジャクソン型けいれん発作を惹起したものと考える.けいれん発作が3日間つゞいた後にみられた精神症状は,けいれん発作のために二次的に起こつて来たもので,単一律動性デルタ波もおそらくけいれん発作の重積のためにひきおこされたものであろう.なお本例はthrombotic thrombocytopenic purpuraと鑑別せられる.
Reference intervals for bone turnover markers in Spanish premenopausal women (2015)

Robust reference intervals for BTMs in a Southern European country are provided. The effects of OCPs and BMI on their levels are significant, whilst serum 25OHD levels did not influence BTMs. Age, calcium intake, BMI and PTH influenced CTX-I. The two automated assays for measuring PINP and CTX-I are not interchangeable.
GaSb-based 2µm Semiconductor Disk Laser: Power scaling for optical pumping of Ho:YAG (2015)

Paper CB_P_7
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEXES OF BIDENTATE GROUP VB LIGANDS. PART XVIII. NICKEL(II) COMPLEXES OF CIS‐1‐DIMETHYLARSINO‐2‐DIPHENYLARSINOETHYLENE (1976)

Abstract Der in Aceton gelöste Titelligand bildet mit Ni(II)halogeniden und ‐thiocyanat die .diamagnetischen, quadratisch‐pyramidalen Ni(II)‐Komplexe (Ia) und (Ib), zum Teil unter Zugabe von Na‐tetraphenylborat.
Effect of Harvest Date, Storage Period, and Ripening Time on the Quality of Chinese Gooseberries (1972)

Excerpts from the report: The Chinese Gooseberry (Actinidia chinensis Planch), also known as Kiwi fruit, was brought to California about 45 years ago by research workers at the U.S. Plant Introduction Station at Chico. In 1961, the plant was released by that station as a potential new fruit crop for the United States. Since that time, small, but expanding, plantings of the vine have been made in suitable growing areas of California. Little work has been done on the postharvest handling of Chinese gooseberries in the United States. Because of the potential commercial importance of the crop, more information was needed on the physiological changes that occur in the fruit during storage and ripening, on the optimum dates for picking the fruit for immediate marketing or for storage, and on other factors affecting the postharvest quality of the fruit.
Dimer of Trifluoropyruvic Acid: Synthesis and Molecular Structure (2003)

The dimer of trifluoropyruvic acid was obtained starting from perfluoropropene-1,2-oxide in good yield by a simple and convenient procedure, and its structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction.
Cation exchange chromatographic separation of zinc and cadmium and their fluorometric determination with thiooxine (1977)

亜鉛及びカドミウムはチオオキシンとけい光性錯体を形成する.水中では両金属は共存することが多いが,陽イオン交換樹脂に Amberlyst 15を 用い, 0.4M塩酸 -80% エタノールを溶離液とした液体クロマトグフラ法により定量的に分離濃縮される.亜鉛,カドミウムを含む溶離液に直接チオオキシンの N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)溶液,緩衝液を加えることにより,これら金属はけい光定量できることが分かった.錯体の吸収ピークは385nmであり,けい光ピークは535nmである.最適pHは2.5,溶媒組成は水,エタノール, DMF各1容が適当であり,チオオキシンは金属量に対して亜鉛の場合8倍以上,カドミウムの場合20倍以上の濃度が必要であった.
Note on generalization in experimental algorithmics (2000)

A recurring theme in mathematical software evaluation is the generalization of rankings of algorithms on test problems to build knowledge-based recommender systems for algorithm selection. A key issue is to profile algorithms in terms of the qualitative characteristics of benchmark problems. In this methodological note, we adapt a novel all-pairs algorithm for the profiling task; given performance rankings for m algorithms on n problem instances, each described with p features, identify a (minimal) subset of p that is useful for assessing the selective superiority of an algorithm over another, for all pairs of m algorithms. We show how techniques presented in the mathematical software literature are inadequate for such profiling purposes. In conclusion, we also address various statistical issues underlying the effective application of this technique.
Rosetta Stone? Hockney, Falco and the Sources of “Opticality” in Lorenzo Lotto's <i>Husband and Wife</i> (2004)

In his book Secret Knowledge, David Hockney proposes that the “optical quality” of Flemish art arose around 1420, because artists such as van Eyck then began to use optical devices for accurate projection of subject images onto the canvas. Although Hockney describes Lotto's Man and Wife as the “Rosetta Stone” of his argument, the author's analysis reveals that its perspective structure is incompatible with the logic of local optical projection. Regions that should be geometrically coherent in an optical projection display pronounced distortions, while regions that should be incoherent show no such distortions. Such detailed evidence, as well as the inability of optical projection to capture the effect of windblown garments, is inconsistent with Hockney's claim.
Preface to the second edition (1997)

The ten years since the first edition of this book appeared have seen a remarkable increase in interest in cellular solids. New techniques for making ceramic and metallic foams have widened the range of man-made materials and the diversity of their applications; and the continued interest in wood, cork, and cancellous bone has stimulated new experiments and models to characterise natural cellular structures. This second edition was stimulated by these developments and by the very diverse community of enthusiastic scientists and engineers who have contacted us to discuss aspects of the structure and properties of cellular solids. Each chapter of the first edition has been extensively revised and brought up to date, but this, we found, was not enough. Techniques for making foams are more fully described; recent work on the mechanical response of solid foams to multiaxial loading, to deformation under creep conditions, and to impact loading have required new sections; acoustic properties are included for the first time; and there is a new chapter on the selection of foams to meet specified design criteria and on data sources and databases for foam properties.
Acute confusion indicators: Risk factors and prevalence using MDS data (1999)

Long-term care (LTC) Minimum Data Set (MDS) data from a Midwestern state were analyzed to validate whether components of a conceptual model developed from findings in acute care identified acute confusion risk variables in LTC. The prevalence of probable acute confusion in this sample was 13.98% (n = 324). Using a cross-sectional design, both univariate and unconditional stepwise logistic regression analyses were accomplished with presence or absence of probable acute confusion as the outcome variable (N = 2,318). Variables significantly related to acute confusion by univariate analysis were included in the logistic regression analysis. Inadequate fluid intake was the first variable to enter the stepwise equation and was highly significant (OR 3.40, 95% CI 2.99-3.81, p < .0001). Other significant variables included a diagnosis of dementia or a fall in the last 30 days. Implications for nursing practice, education and research are discussed.
Impact of Molecular Staging Methods in Primary Melanoma: Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) of Ultrasound-Guided Aspirate of the Sentinel Node Does Not Improve Diagnostic Accuracy, But RT-PCR of Peripheral Blood Does Predict Survival (2008)

US-FNAC is highly accurate and eliminates the need for SLNB in 16% of all SLNB patients. RT-PCR of the aspirate or excised SN does not improve sensitivity or specificity. RT-PCR of blood samples predicts DFS and OS.
Spectrum sharing under the asynchronous UPCS etiquette (1996)

Recently the FCC opened three I 0 M Hz bands for unlicensed use. In order to operate in UPCS bands. devices must comply with rules known as the UPCS etiquette [ 1]. In this paper we study channel sharing between two or more collocated systems under the asynchronous UPCS etiquette. In particular we show that under heavy load individual systems have a tendency to hold the channel for hundreds of milliseconds. thus blocking all traffic in other. competing systems. We have calculated the distribution of the blocking time for two versions (or interpretations) of the UPCS etiquette. The impact of the average blocking time on delay sensitive traffic is discussed and possible improvements achieved through a tradeoff between system capacity and average blocking time are investigated.
Asociación del polimorfismo del codon 72 del gen p53 con el riesgo de cáncer gástrico en una población de alto riesgo de Costa Rica (2014)

Gastric cancer is the second most common cancer associated death cause worldwide. Several factors have been associated with higher risk to develop gastric cancer, among them genetic predisposition. The p53 gene has a polymorphism located at codon 72. which has been associated with higher risk of several types of cancer, including gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the association of p53, codon 72 polymorphism. with the risk of gastric cancer and pre-malignant lesions in a high-risk population from Costa Rica. The genotyping was carried out by PCR-RFLP in 58 gastric cancer patients, 99 controls and 41 individuals classified as group I or II. according to the Japanese histological classification. No association was found for p53. codon 72 polymorphism with neither the risk of gastric cancer nor the risk of less severe gastric lesions in the studied population. Based on this study and taking into account other studies carried out with p53, codon 72 polymorphism. the role of this polymorphismn in the development of gastric cancer remains unclear. De novo mutations on p53 gene produced during neoplasic development of this disease might play a greater role than germinal polymorphisms of the gene. Other polymorphic genes have been associated with higher risk to develop gastric cancer.
Conformational aspects in the studies of organic compounds by electronic circular dichroism (2011)

The electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of flexible molecules include the contributions of all conformers populated at the working temperature. ECD spectra of chiral substrates depend on their stereochemistry in terms of both absolute configuration, as reflected in the sign of the spectrum, and molecular conformation, which dictates the overall spectral shape (possibly including the sign) in a very sensitive manner. The unique high sensitivity of ECD towards conformation, as well as of other chiroptical spectroscopies, renders these techniques a useful alternative or complement to standard spectroscopic tools for conformational investigations, such as NMR. This tutorial review provides first a brief discussion of the main principles of ECD spectroscopy and related methods for interpretation of spectra, with special reference to conformational aspects. The review focuses on the common problems encountered in the application of ECD for assignments of absolute configuration of flexible molecules. These problems can be handled either by taking into account the whole conformational ensemble or by considering rigid derivatives prepared ad hoc. Finally, the review presents the relatively less common but very interesting application of ECD spectroscopy for conformational analyses of organic compounds.
Les paires de raies spectrales pour le codage de la parole à bas débit (1991)

National audience
Cardiac magnetic resonance for prognostic assessment: present applications and future directions (2014)

Cardiac magnetic resonance is increasingly used in clinical practice for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. In the field of ischemic heart disease, perfusion imaging permits the assessment of ischemia, which is strongly related to future cardiac events and mortality. Late gadolinium enhancement is also associated with the prognosis and can be used as a marker of functional recovery. Cardiac magnetic resonance also permits the detection of microvascular obstruction and infarct hemorrhage, both related to an adverse outcome. In non-ischemic heart disease, the presence of late gadolinium enhancement is linked to mortality and hard events. Finally, coronary angiography, as well as new techniques, such as T1 mapping, may also have a prognostic role.
Efficient Revalidation of XML Documents (2007)

We study the problem of schema revalidation where XML data known to conform to one schema must be validated with respect to another schema. Such revalidation algorithms have applications in schema evolution, query processing, XML-based programming languages, and other domains. We describe how knowledge of conformance to an XML Schema may be used to determine conformance to another XML Schema efficiently. We examine both the situation where an XML document is modified before it is revalidated and the situation where it is unmodified
Power Management System for the Electric Taxiing System Incorporating the More Electric Architecture (2013)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">With airlines increasingly directing their attention to operating costs and environmental initiatives, the More Electric Architecture for Aircraft and Propulsion (MEAAP) is emerging as a viable solution for improved performance and eco-friendly aircraft operations. This paper focuses on electric taxiing that does not require the use of jet engines or the auxiliary power unit (APU) during taxiing, either from the departure gate to take-off or from landing to the arrival gate. Many researchers and engineers are considering introducing electric taxiing systems as part of efforts to improve airport conditions. To help cut aircraft emissions at airports, MEAAP seeks to introduce an electric taxiing system that would reduce the duration for which engines and APUs operate while on the ground. Given this goal, the aircraft electrical system deployed for use at airports must rely on a power source other than the jet engines or APU.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">A report based on a specific airport indicates that use of the jet engine and APU while on the aircraft is on the ground consumes 3% of all fuel consumed during the course of a flight. Cutting engine operating times during taxiing, including wait and standby times, should reduce both fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions. This would require an electric power management system that shuts down the main power supply, including the engines and APU. Clearly, the alternative electric power source would simultaneously need to supply power not just for taxiing propulsion, but for all aircraft electric and electronics systems. This paper examines these systems and proposes an ecologically-sound (ECO) solution for reducing aviation emissions at airports.</div></div>
Correspondence of High Levels of Beta-Exotoxin I and the Presence of <i>cry1B</i> in <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (2002)

Examination of 640 natural isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis showed that the 58 strains (9%) whose supernatants were toxic to Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) produced between 10 and 175 micro g of beta-exotoxin I per ml. We also found that 55 (46%) of a sample of 118 strains whose culture supernatants were not toxic to A. grandis nevertheless produced between 2 and 5 micro g/ml. However, these amounts of beta-exotoxin I were below the threshold for detectable toxicity against this insect species. Secretion of large amounts of beta-exotoxin I was strongly associated with the presence of cry1B and vip2 genes in the 640 natural B. thuringiensis isolates studied. We concluded that strains carrying cry1B and vip2 genes also possess, on the same plasmid, genetic determinants necessary to promote high levels of production of beta-exotoxin I.
Laser Irradiation of Metal Oxide Films and Nanostructures: Applications and Advances (2018)

Recent technological advances in developing a diverse range of lasers have opened new avenues in material processing. Laser processing of materials involves their exposure to rapid and localized energy, which creates conditions of electronic and thermodynamic nonequilibrium. The laser-induced heat can be localized in space and time, enabling excellent control over the manipulation of materials. Metal oxides are of significant interest for applications ranging from microelectronics to medicine. Numerous studies have investigated the synthesis, manipulation, and patterning of metal oxide films and nanostructures. Besides providing a brief overview on the principles governing the laser-material interactions, here, the ongoing efforts in laser irradiation of metal oxide films and nanostructures for a variety of applications are reviewed. Latest advances in laser-assisted processing of metal oxides are summarized.