gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Case Study in Application Integration (2000)

In this position paper, we present an architecture that we used in a case study on Enterprise Application Integration (EAI). The architecture encapsulates all business logic in a workflow, and uses intelligent adapters to provide for the “glue” that links the external applications to the workflow. These adapters are able to transform XML message formats into other data formats or into objects. They are intelligent by which we mean that the y are able to take different actions based on the content of the message. To communicate with the applications, the adapters can make use of the services offered by a message broker.
Optimal conductivity reconstruction using three‐dimensional joint and model‐based inversion for controlled‐source and magnetotelluric data (2008)

The growing use of the controlled‐source electromagnetic method (CSEM) for exploration applications has been driving the technical development of data acquisition, as well as three‐dimensional (3D) modeling and imaging techniques. However, targeting increasingly complex geological environments also further enhances the problems inherent in large‐scale inversion, such as non‐uniqueness and resolution issues. In this paper, we report on two techniques to mitigate these problems. We use 3D joint CSEM and MT inversion to improve the model resolution. Further, a hybrid model parameterization approach is presented, where traditional cell‐based model parameters are used simultaneously within a parametric inversion.
Simultaneous connections routing in multi-log/sub 2/N switching fabrics (2004)

Conditions for successful packet routing in multi-log/sub 2/N switching fabrics are considered. Normally, a rearrangeable switching fabric is sufficient to route all conflict-free packets simultaneously. Path selection algorithms, based on graph coloring or finding the perfect matching, are used in this case. Another group of algorithms is based on matrix decomposition. We consider the simple sequential algorithm for routing conflict-free packets in the multi-log/sub 2/N switching fabric. When n is even, the sequential algorithm needs the same number of planes as rearrangeable switching fabrics to route all possible permutations. For n odd, the number of planes needed is greater than for rearrangeable ones.
Time adjustable mixture weights for speaking rate fluctuation (2003)

Abstract Oneof themostseriousproblemsin spontaneousspeechrecog-nition is the degradation of recognition accuracy due to thespeaking rate ﬂuctuation in an utterance. This paper proposesa method for adjusting mixture weights of an HMM frame byframe depending on the local speaking rate. The proposedmethodisimplementedusingtheBayesiannetworkframework.A hidden variable representing the variation of the “mode” ofthespeakingrateisintroducedanditsvaluecontrolsthemixtureweights of Gaussian mixtures. Model training and maximumprobability assignment of the variablesare conducted usingtheEM/GEMandinferencealgorithmsforBayesiannetworks. TheBayesian network is used to rescore the acoustic likelihood ofthe hypotheses in N-best lists. Experimental results show thatthe proposed method improves word accuracy by 1.6% for theabsolute value on meeting speech given the speaking rate in-formation, whereas improvement by a regression HMM is lesssigniﬁcant. 1. Introduction Conventional HMM-based recognizers suffer a lower recogni-tion rate for spontaneous speech. One of the signiﬁcant factorsreducing the recognition rate is the variable nature of sponta-neousutterances[1]. For example,thespeakingratecanchangeeven within one utterance. A possible strategy to manage thisproblem is ﬁrst estimating the speaking rate and then adjustingarecognizer basedonthe speakingrate. Thispaperinvestigateshow to use the speaking rate information to control probabilitydensity functions in the HMM.Since estimating the speaking rate is itself a difﬁcult prob-lem and assuming an accurate detection is unrealistic, themethod of adjusting the decoder accordingto the speaking rateshould be probabilistic. This paper proposes a method of ad-justing mixture weights of the HMM at every frame based onthe speaking rate. A hidden variable that represents a “mode”ofthespeakingratecontrolsthemixtureweights. Theproposedmethod can model complex changes of acoustic characteristicswith only asmall increaseof the numberof parameters.The proposed method is implemented using the Bayesiannetwork framework to realize detailed control of HMM param-eters[2]. WeuseGMTK[3]for modelparametertraining usingthe EM/GEM algorithms and for decoding. The network ac-ceptsthespeakingrateinadditiontotheusualacousticfeatures.The proposed method is used to rescore the acoustic likelihoodof N-best hypotheses.This paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, the pro-posed method is formulated as a Bayesian network. In Sec-tion 3, an experimental set up is described. Training processesof the Bayesian network are described in Section 4, and ob-tained parameters related to the speaking rate are analyzed inSection 5. The proposed method is applied to meeting speechrecognition in Section 6 and the results are discussed in Sec-tion 7. It is shown that the proposed method is more effectivein improving the recognition ratethan aregressionHMM givenspeaking rate information. Finally, in Section 8, the paper isconcluded.
Scattering of electromagnetic waves from random media with multiple scattering included (1982)

Closed-form results which include all orders of multiple scattering have been obtained for the field and intensity when an arbitrary electromagnetic wave is incident on a randomly inhomogeneous medium. In obtaining the results it is assumed that the magnitude of the permittivity fluctuations is small in comparison with unity and the spatial extent of the fluctuations is large in comparison with the wavelength. Simplified approximations, which are valid outside the backscatter cone, are then obtained. These approximations are found to depend only on the second moments of the field in the medium, and are valid if the mean free path between photon scatterings is large in comparison with the size of the inhomogeneities.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoface‐Selective Epoxidations: Dependency on the Reagent Electrophilicity. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Ultrasonographic arterial portography with second harmonic imaging: evaluation of hepatic parenchymal enhancement with portal venous flow. (1999)

Ultrasonographic arterial portography was evaluated with second harmonic and conventional gray scale imaging after the administration of 0.001 to 0.1 ml/kg of FS069 (Optison) in 10 dogs (four dogs with ligation of the portal vein branch) and two woodchucks with hepatocellular carcinomas. Harmonic imaging was required to obtain good liver parenchymal enhancement for ultrasonographic arterial portography to be useful. The tumors were visible as regions of greater enhancement after intravenous injection and as hypoechoic regions after superior mesenteric artery injection. The segments with portal vein ligation were not detected after intravenous injection but were clearly seen after superior mesenteric artery injection. Doppler signal measurement verified a significant difference between the portal vein and hepatic vein after superior mesenteric artery injection and in the femoral artery after intravenous versus superior mesenteric artery injection, demonstrating that minimal levels of FS069 pass through the liver.
Characteristics of HIV-infected U.S. Army soldiers linked in molecular transmission clusters, 2001-2012 (2017)

These findings identify areas to explore as HIV prevention targets in the U.S. Army. An increased frequency of current force testing may be justified, especially among Soldiers assigned to duty in installations with high local HIV prevalence such as southern U.S. states.
Ursodeoxycholic Acid Amides As Novel Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators (2010)

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is used for the treatment of hepatic inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have shown that UDCA's biological effects are partly glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mediated. UDCA derivatives were synthesized and screened for ability to induce GR translocation in a high content analysis assay using the esophageal cancer SKGT-4 cell line. UDCA derivatives induced GR translocation in a time dependent manner with equal efficacy to that of dexamethasone (Dex) and with greatly increased potency relative to UDCA. The cyclopropylamide 1a suppressed TNF-α induced NF-κB activity and it induced GRE transactivation. 1a was unable to displace Dex from the GR ligand binding domain (LBD) in a competition experiment but was capable of coactivator recruitment in a time-resolved fluorescence energy transfer assay (TR-FRET). This represents a novel mechanism of action for a GR modulator. These derivatives could result in a new class of GR modulators.
CYP1A1*2B (Val) allele is overrepresented in a subgroup of acute myeloid leukemia patients with poor-risk karyotype associated with NRAS mutation, but not associated withFLT3 internal tandem duplication (2003)

The etiology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is largely unknown. Biologic and epidemiologic data implicate exogenous toxicants, including cytotoxic drugs, benzene, radiation, and cigarette smoking. Allelic variation in genes encoding enzymes such as NADP(H) quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) and glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) that metabolize environmental toxicants predispose to subtypes of AML, including therapy-related AML. We assayed NRAS oncogene mutation and FLT3 internal tandem duplication in 447 AML patients with an abnormal karyotype treated in Medical Research Council (MRC) AML clinical trials. Functional allelic variant frequencies in genes encoding carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes GSTT1, GSTM1, CYP1A1, CYP2D6, CYP2C19, SULT1A1, and NQO1 were previously determined for this cohort. FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) frequency was 17%, and NRAS mutation 12% for the entire cohort. The 2 mutations were found together in only 4 patients. No association was found between enzyme allelic variant frequencies and the presence of FLT3 ITD for the entire cohort or within cytogenetic subgroups. CYP1A1*2B (Val) high-inducibility variant allele was overrepresented in patients with NRAS mutation compared with no mutation, for (1) the entire AML cohort (n = 8/53 vs 26/371; odds ratio [OR] = 2.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-5.53) and (2) the poor-risk karyotype group (n = 6/14 vs 4/89; OR = 15.94; 95% CI 3.71-68.52) comprising patients with partial/complete deletion of chromosome 5 or 7, or abnormalities of chromosome 3. The CYP1A1*2B allele may predispose to the development of these subgroups of AML by augmented phase 1 metabolism to highly reactive intermediates of CYP1A1 substrates, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or by generation of oxidative stress as a metabolic by-product.
Dosimetry for Norwegian rats based on Monte Carlo simulations using a realistic rat phantom and kinetics for 177Lu- and 90Y-BR96 monoclonal antibodies (2009)

1860 Objectives Biokinetic and dosimetry studies in small animals often precede clinical radionuclide therapies. Reliable evaluation of therapeutic efficacy is essential and must be based on accurate dosimetry, which must rely on a realistic dosimetry model. The aim of this study was to develop an anatomically realistic dosimetry model for Brown Norwegian rat and calculate S factors. These together with published kinetic data for 90Y- and 177Lu-BR96 monoclonal antibodies were used to calculate and compared the absorbed dose to other dosimetry models. Methods The realistic rat phantom (Roby) was used. Roby is based on NURBS surfaces and allows for a flexible definition of organ sizes. The phantom was modified to represent the geometry of a brown Norwegian rat. Individually phantoms and subsequent S-factors were created as a function of body weight. Tumors were added and modeled as ellipsoids centered on the skin. The phantoms were used for Monte Carlo calculations of absorbed fractions and S factors with the MCNPX 2.6f-code. Dosimetry was calculated from published data based on dissected animals and blood samples. Results If not considering the variation in animal weights (225 to 275 g) an error in self absorbed fraction for 90Y of ~5% is introduced. For 177Lu this error is Conclusions A correct geometrical representation of the animal together with the individual weight of the animal is important to calculate an accurate absorbed dose. Research Support Swedish Cancer Foundation
Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: epidemiologic, clinical, and immunologic associations. (2009)

Recognition of the association between RA and PD on both a clinical and biologic level may provide new opportunities for intervention that will modify the course of both of these prevalent chronic inflammatory disorders. Furthermore, an enhanced understanding of the early events that initiate RA may result in strategies that prevent disease-onset.
Bench-scale synthesis of nanoscale materials (1994)

A novel flow-through hydrothermal method used to synthesize nanoscale powders is introduced by Pacific Northwest Laboratory. The process, Rapid Thermal Decomposition of precursors in Solution (RTDS), combines high-pressure and high-temperature conditions to rapidly form nanoscale particles. The RTDS process was demonstrated on a laboratory scale and scaled up to accommodate production rates attractive to industry. The process is able to produce a wide variety of metal oxides and oxyhydroxides. The powders are characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopic methods, surface-area measurements, and x-ray diffraction. Typical crystallite sizes are less than 20 nanometers, with BET surface areas ranging from 100 to 400 m{sup 2}/g. A description of the RTDS process is presented along with powder characterization results. In addition, data on the sintering of nanoscale ZrO{sub 2} produced by RTDS are included.
Local vs general anaesthesia in the development of neurosensory disturbances after mandibular third molars extraction: A retrospective study of 534 cases (2016)

Since GA is a perioperative variable that seems to significantly increase the risk of developing IAN and LN lesions, when treating patients that request GA, they must be adequately informed that an higher incidence of post-surgical sensory disturbances is expected.
Survival of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons during Diesel Combustion (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurvival of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons during Diesel CombustionPaul J. Tancell, Michael M. Rhead, Robin D. Pemberton, and Jim. BravenCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1995, 29, 11, 2871–2876Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es00011a025https://doi.org/10.1021/es00011a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cytomegalovirus infection of the adult nervous system (1979)

Abstract In 2 patients, 1 with brachial plexus neuropathy and another with relapsing chronic encephalitis, the acute neurological syndrome was accompanied by fever, tachycardia, abnormal liver function, and atypical lymphocytosis. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was documented in both patients by viral isolation and a fourfold rise in complement‐fixation titer. CMV may produce peripheral neuropathy, brachial plexus neuropathy, or an acute or chronic meningoencephalitis in previously healthy adults without immune deficiency.
The combined performance of UV light and chlorine during reclaimed water disinfection (2008)

The combined effects of disinfectant agents on the microbiological quality of reclaimed water produced by two full-scale water reclamation plants in Catalonia, Spain, were examined in this work. All the disinfectant treatments tested led to the absence, or near absence, of E. coli in 100 mL samples of water, with log reductions of more than 3 log u. Hypochlorite reduced the bacterial concentrations. However, ultraviolet light was more effective than hypochlorite at reducing the concentrations of bacteriophages, viruses and pathogenic protozoa such as Cryptosporidium spp. We conclude that a combination of these two disinfectant agents is effective in protecting public health, as each agent acts to a different degree against the different groups of microorganisms studied. Further studies should investigate the combined action of disinfectant agents at water reclamation plants with ultraviolet light equipment in more favourable working conditions in order to assess their capacity to inactivate microorganisms.
Optical waveguides and integrated electro-optic modulators based on highly-efficient organic nonlinear optical crystal OH1 (2009)

We have recently developed a very promising organic crystal OH1 (2-(3-(4-hydroxystyryl)-5,5-dimethyl- cyclohex-2-enylidene)malononitrile). OH1 presents excellent electro-optic properties reaching electro-optic figures of merit as large as in the state-of-the-art organic salt DAST. Additionally, the processing possibilities of OH1 are considerably improved compared to DAST. We have developed an epitaxial solution growth technique that allows reproducible fabrication of high-quality OH1 films with large-area single- crystalline domains of more than 2 cm2 and thickness between 0.1 and 4 Icircfrac14, which is of particular importance for integrated optics. Using a specially developed photolithographic process, we have fabricated wire single-crystalline optical waveguides of OH1 on glass substrates, as shown in Fig. In these waveguides, phase electro-optic modulation with high in-device figures of merit has been demonstrated, i.e. half- wave voltage x interaction length product V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pi</sub> L of 8.4 Vcm and 28 Vcm at 632.8 nm and 852 nm, respectively. With an optimized electrode configuration with smaller (1 Icircfrac14m) spacing between the electrodes and the waveguide,V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pi</sub> L will be reduced from 8.4 Vcm, as obtained in our device, to 0.3 Vcm in the optimized case. This allows for the fabrication of sub-l-V half-wave voltage, organic electro-optic modulators with highly stable chromophore orientation.
Saturable absorber modelocking using non-epitaxially grown semiconductor-doped films (2003)

Summary form only given. We demonstrate novel, non-epitaxially grown semiconductor saturable absorber devices for laser modelocking. These devices consist of semiconductor nanocrystallites doped into silica films using RF sputtering. These films can be deposited on virtually any substrate, including oxides such as glass and dielectric coatings as well as metal mirrors. By varying the doping density of the semiconductor quantum dots, one can adjust the absorption coefficient of the device. A wide range of semiconductor materials can be doped into the silica films. Therefore, appropriate choice of the semiconductor and knowledge of quantum confinement effects allow one to control the operating wavelength and absorption edge of the device.
Synthesis, characterization, and electrochemistry of novel diruthenium cofacial porphyrin dimers (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, characterization, and electrochemistry of novel diruthenium cofacial porphyrin dimersJames P. Collman, Kimoon Kim, and Charles R. LeidnerCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1987, 26, 7, 1152–1157Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00254a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00254a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views251Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Reliable cooperative information storage in wireless sensor networks (2008)

Reliable data retrieval from a sensor network can require a temporal distributed data storage of the measured data among all motes. This is the case when a sink of information, or a gateway, is only occasionally present in the network. We consider a network consisting of a set of motes that in order to save energy independently of each other go into offline mode, switching theirs radios off. We propose a cooperative mechanism for distributed data storage that allows complete data retrieval with high probability. Reliable data retrieval is crucial for data-critical applications. Reliability is achieved by introducing redundancy in the system by applying Reed-Solomon scheme for data encoding. This solution can tolerate the situation where a certain number of devices in the sensor cluster is unavailable at the moment of information retrieval. A probabilistic analytical model is developed to investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm. This model is verified by simulation and prototype testing. Prototyping is done on the OpenSensor platform developed at Aalborg University. Performance results indicate that the proposed cooperative data distribution method outperforms the non-cooperative one.