gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of a phencyclidine implantation pellet; Suitable for tolerance development. (1984)

When using laboratory animals (e.g., mice) for phencyclidine (PCP) tolerance studies, an essential part of the procedure is to administer the PCP in such a way that the animals received adequate doses of the drug at frequent enough intervals to reach and maintain the desired levels of tolerance or employ a osmotic minipump which is either suitable or convenient to develop a high degree of tolerance to PCP in a large number of animals in a short period. However, these methods are unfit for routine work because of repeated daily injections consume too much time and osmotic minipump comes expensive. Therefore, in this paper we attempted to develop PCP pellet suitable for tolerance development. The s.c. implantation of a 10 or 20 mg PCP pellet in the back of a conscious mouse resulted in a much more rapid development of tolerance to PCP than that produced in mice receiving daily i.p. injection of, 10 or 20 mg/kg, PCP-HCl. Assessment of and degree of tolerance to PCP by PCP pellet implantation and daily injection of PCP-HCl were evidenced by a degree of decrease in the duration of motor incoordination after the challenge with, 20 mg/kg, PCP-HCl 24 h after removal of PCP pellets or a last injection of PCP-HCl. These studies may demonstrate a substantial methodological improvement in producing a high degree of tolerance to PCP in a short period of time by means of the s.c. pellet implantation technique.
Construction of Designed Peptide Microarrays Toward "Omics" Studies (2012)

"オミクス"研究のツールとして期待されているものの一つにマイクロアレイが挙げられる．著者らは，これまで設計ペプチドを捕捉剤として，特にプロテオミクスに向けたプロテインアレイの開発と，セロミクスを視野に入れた細胞アレイの開発に携ってきた．本論文では，プロテオミクスをはじめとしてグライコミクス，リピドミクス，ゲノミクス，セロミクス研究に向けた，設計ペプチドを用いるマイクロアレイの開発についてまず述べる．次にそのアレイ技術を支える重要要素である検出技術について，蛍光標識を用い分子の特性を生かした二つの方法（標的タンパク質自身の排除体積効果を利用する方法と検出分子の構造変化効率を利用する方法）について述べる．最後に，金の異常反射（AR）を利用した非標識かつ簡便な方法の新規開発や改良の試みについて述べる．これら設計ペプチドを用いたマイクロアレイ技術は今後，日本のナノバイオ分野の一翼を担う基盤技術となることが期待できる．
Perpendicular-incidence photometric ellipsometry (PIPE) of surfaces with arbitrary anisotropy (1981)

The authors describe the photoellipsometric measurement of an arbitrary normal-incidence-reflection Jones matrix of an anisotropic surface using an instrument with modulated polarizing/analyzing optics. Two modulation schemes are considered that employ (1) a synchronously rotating half-wave linear retarder; (2) a linear retarder of fixed azimuth whose relative retardation is periodically modulated as a linear saw-tooth function of time of pi (half-wave) amplitude. Reflection-matrix parameters are explicitly derived by Fourier analysis of the resulting periodic detected signal. Analysis of one signal is sufficient to determine a normalized diagonal or symmetric reflection matrix. Analysis of two signals, obtained in the presence and absence of a given Faraday rotation in front of the surface, permits the determination of any normalized reflection matrix of a surface with arbitrary anisotropy.
Mirror syndrome due to coxackie B virus associated to maternal peripartum cardiomyopathy (2008)

Sir,
Functional genomics studies of the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis (2013)

Neisseria meningitidis is a strictly human pathogen and is one of the major causes of septicemia and meningitis worldwide. Functional genomics approaches have been extensively applied to study how N. meningitidis adapts to grow and survive in different human niches encountered during the infection. DNA microarrays performed in in vitro and ex vivo conditions have revealed changes in the transcriptome profiles of N. meningitidis upon interaction with human cells and after incubation in human serum and blood. Mutagenesis studies allowed detecting mutants in genes crucial for N. meningitidis colonization and systemic infection. The analysis of N. meningitidis genomes has been also successful in the identification of vaccine candidates used to develop an effective protein-based vaccine. The application of all these approaches revealed the potential to identify new virulence factors and vaccine candidates and to assign functions to previously uncharacterized genes providing new insights in the biology and pathogenesis of N. meningitidis.
Modulating the release of drugs from alginate matrices with the addition of gelatin microbeads (2014)

Injectable drug-loaded matrices and controlled release technology offer numerous advantages over conventional dosages. Cross-linkable alginate hydrogels have been proposed for in vivo injection, but their large initial burst release of encapsulated drugs represents a limitation for the transition to the clinical phase. To reduce this effect, a new drug delivery system was prepared by combining uncross-linked, drug-loaded gelatin microbeads with cross-linkable alginate solution. Gelatin microbeads ranging from 5 to 50 µm were obtained depending on gelatin concentration, stirring rate, and emulsifying time. The release behavior of drug-loaded gelatin microbeads encapsulated within cross-linked alginate gel was characterized both at room temperature and 37°C and compared with the release from gelatin microbeads and cross-linked alginate gel alone. Gelatin microbeads reduced the initial burst release of fluorescein from cross-linked alginate matrix, with a corresponding decrease in the release efficiency. Burst release in the first 2 h was reduced from 30% to about 5%, while cumulative release at 37°C declined from about 95% to 50% after 7 days. This system represents a promising approach for the development of novel and versatile injectable drug delivery systems.
A backpack-portable mass spectrometer for measurement of volatile compounds in the environment (1991)

Environmental measurements of volatile pollutants and metabolic gases are preferably made in situ. In situ measurement provides immediate information to the investigator while minimizing disturbance and eliminating the need for sample collection, preservation, and transport. A self-contained mass spectrometer, capable of being carried by one person, has been designed and built for this purpose. The instrument is based on a compact crossed-field analyzer using a high-energy-product magnet and control circuitry optimized for low power consumption using a 12-V dc primary power source. An internal, rechargeable battery can provide up to several hours of operation in the field. Provision is made to facilitate the addition of an interface, via RS-232, to a compact battery-operated laptop microcomputer. A variety of inlet configurations is possible, the simplest being a probe, containing a small silicone-rubber membrane, which may be inserted into a gas- or water-containing environment of interest.
Radioactive lutetium metallofullerene <sup>177</sup>Lu<sub>x</sub>Lu<sub>(3−x)</sub>N@C<sub>80</sub>–PCBPEG derivative: a potential tumor-targeted theranostic agent (2015)

A radioactive metallofullerene <sup>177</sup>Lu<sub>x</sub>Lu<sub>(3-x)</sub>N@C<sub>80</sub> was firstly synthesized by means of neutron irradiation on Lu<sub>3</sub>N@C<sub>80</sub>. After modification by methoxypolyethylene glycol amine, in vivo investigation on tumor-bearing mice was performed. The results reveal favorable affinity toward tumors, suggesting that the obtained <sup>177</sup>Lu<sub>x</sub>Lu<sub>(3-x)</sub>N@C<sub>80</sub>-PCBPEG could be promising for tumor diagnosis and therapy.
The SID-1 double-stranded RNA transporter is not selective for dsRNA length (2009)

The double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) transport protein SID-1 enables systemic RNA interference (RNAi) in Caenorhabditis elegans, whereby silencing initiated by local exposure to dsRNA spreads throughout the animal and to its progeny. Previously, we showed that providing dsRNA in the growth medium of Drosophila S2 cells that express C. elegans SID-1 efficiently triggers RNAi. In these experiments long dsRNA proved to be significantly more effective than short dsRNA in silencing the target gene. Here, we show that equivalent masses of long or short dsRNA accumulate in these cells, indicating that size-dependent silencing is not due to size-selective transport through SID-1. Furthermore, using pulse-chase dsRNA uptake experiments, we show that short dsRNA accumulates more rapidly than long dsRNA. We found that import rates are dependent on dsRNA concentration, consistent with energy-independent, diffusion-limited transport through the SID-1 channel. Comparison of silencing efficiencies between Drosophila S2 cells heterologously expressing SID-1 and primary-cultured C. elegans cells shows similar dsRNA concentration and size dependencies, suggesting that C. elegans regulatory proteins do not measurably enhance or restrict dsRNA transport through SID-1. Finally, we find that coexpressing mutant SID-1 with wild-type SID-1 in S2 cells interferes with SID-1 function, indicating that SID-1 may function as a multimer.
Post Irradiation Evaluation of Thermal Control Coatings and Solid Lubricants to Support Fission Surface Power Systems (2007)

The development of a nuclear power system for space missions, such as the Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter or a lunar outpost, requires substantially more compact reactor design than conventional terrestrial systems. In order to minimize shielding requirements and hence system weight, the radiation tolerance of component materials within the power conversion and heat rejection systems must be defined. Two classes of coatings, thermal control paints and solid lubricants, were identified as material systems for which limited radiation hardness information was available. Screening studies were designed to explore candidate coatings under a predominately fast neutron spectrum. The Ohio State Research Reactor Facility staff performed irradiation in a well characterized, mixed energy spectrum and performed post irradiation analysis of representative coatings for thermal control and solid lubricant applications. Thermal control paints were evaluated for 1 MeV equivalent fluences from 1013 to 1015 n/cm2. No optical degradation was noted although some adhesive degradation was found at higher fluence levels. Solid lubricant coatings were evaluated for 1 MeV equivalent fluences from 1015 to 1016 n/cm2 with coating adhesion and flexibility used for post irradiation evaluation screening. The exposures studied did not lead to obvious property degradation indicating the coatings would have survived the radiation environment for the previously proposed Jupiter mission. The results are also applicable to space power development programs such as fission surface power for future lunar and Mars missions.
Data from: Indirect protection from vaccinating children against influenza in households (2018)

Vaccination is an important intervention to prevent influenza virus infection, but indirect protection of household members of vaccinees is not fully known. Here, we analyze a cluster household randomized control trial, with one child in each household randomized to receive vaccine or placebo, for an influenza B epidemic in Hong Kong. We apply statistical models to estimate household transmission dynamics and quantify the direct and indirect protection of vaccination. Direct vaccine efficacy is 71%. The infection probability of unvaccinated household members in vaccinated households was only 5% lower than in control households, because only 10% of infections are attributed to household transmission. Even when that proportion rises to 30% and all children are vaccinated, we predict that the infection probability for unvaccinated household members is only reduced by 20%. This suggests that benefits of individual vaccination remain important even when other household members are vaccinated.
Phenyl Radical-Induced Damage to Dipeptides (2009)

Laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) incorporated with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR) has been utilized to investigate phenyl radical-induced damage to dipeptides in the gas phase. On the basis of the product branching ratios measured for the reactions of two different positively charged phenyl radicals with 17 different dipeptides, the overall order of susceptibility to attack of the different sites in the dipeptides was determined to be heteroaromatic side chain approximately = S atom in SCH(3) group > H atom in SH group > H atom in CH group > aromatic side chain > S atom in SH group > NH(2) in side chain > N-terminal NH(2) > COOH in side chain approximately = C-terminal COOH. The amino acid sequence also influences the selectivity of these reactions. As expected, the ability of a phenyl radical to damage dipeptides increases as the electrophilicity of the phenyl radical increases.
Evaluation of selected metrics for flexibility of Cyber Physical Production Systems (2017)

Flexibility of Cyber Physical Production Systems (CPPS) has already been widely discussed, but apart from some definitions, only few measures exist. These, however, are required to compare different CPPS regarding their flexibility and the effort necessary to increase flexibility during evolution. This paper presents the application and evaluation of already proposed flexibility and adaptivity metrics for automated Production Systems. The interdependencies among product, process and resource are shown. An AML description is provided for a lab size application example as a basis to demonstrate changes that incorporate flexibility. Such changes are to produce heavier work pieces (WPs), realize different processes and use different resources. At the example of the model in Automation Markup Language (AML), we highlight the interdependencies between product, process and resource, thus showing the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed metric.
Unusually strong binding of Ca2+ ions by the novel antibiotic squalestatin-1 (1994)

The squalestatins, inhibitors of squalene synthase and potent antimicrobial agents, have potential both as cholesterol-lowering drugs and as antibiotics; using potentiometry and circular dichroism, we show that squalestatin-1 has a much higher affinity for Ca2+ than citrate, and readily inserts into SDS micelles (a model membrane), processes which may be relevant to its mechanism of action.
AFM and X-ray Studies of Crystal and Ionic Domain Morphology in Poly(ethylene-<i>co</i>-methacrylic acid) Ionomers (2000)

New AFM methods were applied to resolve the morphology of the ionic domains in poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) copolymers. Using standard tapping AFM techniques with a precision in the lateral dimensions on the order of a nanometer, the crystalline lamellar structure and overall morphology consisting of stacks of ethylene-rich lamellae separated by sometimes broad noncrystalline regions were characterized. By operating the AFM under special low oscillation amplitude conditions where tip−ionic cluster interactions could be induced to dominate the phase signal, it was shown that this method could be used to uniquely resolve ionic-rich regions and individual ionic domains. The individual domains were found to be on the order of 2 nm in diameter. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) characterization was used to confirm some aspects of the morphology and to contrast the different levels of resolution of the two techniques for both lamellar crystals and ionic domains. By sequential images taken under different tapping AFM conditions, the “softer” amorphous regions were found to be the richest in ionic domains. Lamellar morphology and perfection were found to be controlled by mobility in the melt which depends on acid level, neutralization level, and counterion type in the different ionomers studied. The crystalline domains in the metal neutralized ionomers were compared to the unneutralized “acid” form of the ionomer. Data for the acid form verified that no ionic domains exist in this material.
Structural features of thyroid hormone response elements that increase susceptibility to inhibition by an RTH mutant thyroid hormone receptor. (1996)

The chicken lysozyme silencer F2 (F2) thyroid hormone response element (TRE) contains an unusual everted palindromic arrangement, has a high affinity for thyroid hormone receptor (TR) homodimers, and is especially sensitive to dominant negative inhibition by, the T3 resistance (RTH) mutant TR beta P453H. We used various TREs and TR mutations to determine the mechanisms for this sensitivity. Changing the F2 orientation from an everted palindrome to a direct repeat with a 4-bp gap (DR+4) (F2-DR) decreased the sensitivity to inhibition at high T3 concentrations, while a loss of this sensitivity occurred with a palindromic arrangement of these same half-sites. F2 contains the dinucleotide TG 5' to each consensus half-site conforming to the optimal TR-binding octamer, YRRGGTCA. A T to A change in position 1 of both F2 half-sites markedly reduced T3-induction, yet only slightly reduced TR homodimer or TR-retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimer binding. The TR beta ninth heptad mutation, L428R, prevents TR heterodimerization with RXR and eliminates the inhibitory effect of the P453H mutant TR on the F2-DR, but not the F2 element. Structural features of a TRE that favor strong TR binding of both TR homodimers and TR-RXR heterodimers containing the mutant TR, such as the everted palindromic conformation or the optimal TR-binding consensus octamer, enhance the sensitivity of a TRE to inhibition by the mutant TR. Thus, both half-site orientation and sequence contribute to the sensitivity of a given TRE to dominant negative inhibition by a mutant TR.
Process design simulation of H<sub>2</sub>production by sorption enhanced steam methane reforming: evaluation of potential CO<sub>2</sub>acceptors (2007)

A concept for pure H2 production with CO2 capture by sorption enhanced steam methane reforming (SESMR) has been investigated. Conventional steam reforming with CO2 capture has been used as a base case for comparison. SESMR resulted in competitive thermal efficiencies, which were highly dependent on the CO2 acceptor material. Thus, CaO and other more novel solid acceptors such as Li2ZrO3, K-doped Li2ZrO3, Na2ZrO3 and Li4SiO4 were screened in terms of thermodynamics, kinetics and stability. It was concluded that higher H2 yields and efficiencies can be obtained for the acceptors that have good ability for removing CO2 at low partial pressures. The best efficiencies were obtained using CaO as acceptor due to its more favourable thermodynamics and high reaction rates; however, the stability of CaO has to be improved. On the other hand, Na2ZrO3 is a promising alternative due to the good kinetics for CO2 removal and the stability.
Interconnected musical networks: bringing expression and thoughtfulness to collaborative group playing (2003)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2003.
Crystalglobulin-Induced Nephropathy and Keratopathy (2019)

Crystalglobulinemia, a rare manifestation of monoclonal gammopathy, results from vascular deposition of crystallized monoclonal proteins leading to tissue injury. A 56-year-old man initially presented several years earlier with migratory polyarthralgias and blurry vision with no unifying diagnosis. Following an acute episode of malignant hypertension and rapidly progressive kidney failure, kidney biopsy was performed and was interpreted as idiopathic thrombotic microangiopathy. Further evaluation revealed an underlying monoclonal protein disorder. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy evaluation showed crystalline keratopathy. Re-evaluation of the kidney biopsy material with pronase staining confirmed crystalglobulin-induced nephropathy. The patient was initially treated with cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone with partial response, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation with normalization of monoclonal protein studies, improvement in kidney function and joint symptoms, and decreased corneal deposits. His disease recurred but did not require additional treatment 1 year later. This case exemplifies the unique systemic presentation of diseases in the monoclonal gammopathy spectrum and emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach when caring for these patients.
Thermal and mechanical design of a doublewalled steam generator (1983)

A double-walled steam generator is used in the fusion power cycle to replace the intermediate loop. This will save the cost associated with a complicated system and the associated temperature degradation. The mechanical design of the steam generator is similar to that proposed for LMFBR application. The heat transfer and tritium diffusion calculations are performed. The double-walled steam generator provides a tritium diffusion barrier factor > 10/sup 5/ while increasing the surface area by 25% compared to a singlewalled steam generator.
α-Hydroxybenzylphosphonate Modified Oligonucleotides: Synthesis, Properties, and a Novel Route via Monomer Building Blocks (2003)

In general, alpha-hydroxybenzylphosphonate modified 2'-deoxyadenosine-thymidine dimer building blocks 1, 2 are utilized for the incorporation into alpha-hydroxybenzylphosphonate pro-oligonucleotides. For a universal application of our pro-oligonucleotide concept on biologically relevant oligonucleotides a route for the synthesis of modified monomer building blocks 3 was developed and is presented herein.
Criteria governing ion and solvent transport rates in electroactive polymers: the existence of kinetic permselectivity (1990)

Ion and solvent transport in polythionine and polyvinylferrocene films have been monitored under transient conditions using the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. Film sources of required species are utilized before solution-phase sources. Potential gradients within the film influence ion motion, resulting in a diversity of transport rates which can give rise to transient permselectivity.
Determination of Thermodynamic Equilibrium Constants in Mixed Solvents (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of Thermodynamic Equilibrium Constants in Mixed SolventsLeGrand G. Van Uitert and W. C. FerneliusCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76, 22, 5887–5888Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1954https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01651a110RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views122Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (233 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts