gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Notification of Final Adoption of an International Method and Standard Solution for Hemoglobinometry Specifications for Preparation of Standard Solution (1967)

Journal Article Notification of Final Adoption of an International Method and Standard Solution for Hemoglobinometry Specifications for Preparation of Standard Solution. Get access Russell J. Eilers, M.D. Russell J. Eilers, M.D. Department of Clinical Laboratories, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 47, Issue 2, 1 February 1967, Pages 212–214, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/47.2.212 Published: 01 February 1967 Article history Received: 10 November 1966 Published: 01 February 1967
Beyond the Second Amendment: An Individual Right to Arms Viewed through the Ninth Amendment (1992)

Traditionally, the debate over the individual right to possess firearms has focused on the origins and meaning of the Second Amendment. Some constitutional scholars have dismissed the idea that the Second Amendment protects an individual right to arms. They argue that it only prevents the federal government from disarming states. Other scholars, focusing on the language of the amendment and its historical context, conclude that it does indeed establish an individual right to firearms. This article examines whether, even absent the Second Amendment, the Constitution restrains government from taking away what may be individuals' best tools of self-defense. The foothold for the analysis is the controversial Ninth Amendment.
ISCSI performance for mobile appliances using intermediate target storage (2009)

Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Bird Impact Forces in Aircraft Windshield Design (1976)

In order to design transparent aircraft windshield and canopy panels which can withstand the impact of birds, and at the same time meet other equally important operational requirements, it is necessary to define the forces generated during the birdstrike event. The total force as a function of time was measured by impacting birds onto a large diameter Hopkinson bar. The local pressures and pressure distribution during the bird impact were measured by flush mounting piezo-electric pressure transducers in a heavy rigid flat plate and impacting the plate/transducer assembly. The forces and pressures are a function of the relative impact velocity and angle, the weight and average density of the bird and the stiffness of the impacted structure. In order to define the temporal and spatial distribution of the bird impact forces, a parametric bird/plate impact test program was initiated. These tests cover a velocity range from 30 m/s to 350 m/s, impact angles from 15 to 90 deg in trajectory and bird weights from 0.05 kg to 3.6 kg. The results at the 90 deg test angle indicate that: (1) Birds behave essentially as a fluid during impact; (2) Birds do not bounce at impact -- the impuse is equal to the initial impact momentum; (3) The high-frequency component of pressure superimposed on the base pressure-time pulse is caused by breakup of the bird flesh and inhomogeneities in the bird; and (4) The duration of loading is approximately equal to the 'squash up' time.
Mechanical Properties of Nanophase Materials (1996)

It has become possible in recent years to synthesize new materials under controlled conditions with constituent structures on a nanometer size scale (below 100 nm). These novel nanophase materials have grain-size dependent mechanical properties that are significantly different than those of their coarser-grained counterparts. For example, nanophase metals are much stronger and apparently less ductile than conventional metals, while nanophase ceramics are more ductile and more easily formed than conventional ceramics. The observed mechanical property changes are related to grain size limitations and/or the large percentage of atoms in grain boundary environments; they can also be affected by such features as flaw populations, strains and impurity levels that can result from differing synthesis and processing methods. An overview of what is presently known about the mechanical properties of nanophase materials, including both metals and ceramics, is presented. Some possible atomic mechanisms responsible for the observed behavior in these materials are considered in light of their unique structures.
Decompose Document Image Using Integer Linear Programming (2007)

Document decomposition is a basic but crucial step for many document related applications. This paper proposes a novel approach to decompose document images into zones. It first generates overlapping zone hypotheses based on generic visual features. Then, each candidate zone is evaluated quantitatively by a learned generative zone model. We formulate the zone inference problem into a constrained optimization problem, so as to select an optimal set of non-overlapping zones that cover a given document image. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is very robust to document structure variation and noise.
Carotenoid-Derived Aroma Compounds (2001)

This chapter gives an introduction to the field of carotenoid-derived aroma compounds and illustrates the importance of short-chain carotenoid metabolites as flavor and fragrance substances. Although carotenoid-derived aroma compounds (so-called norterpenoids or norisoprenoids) are ubiquitous constituents in plant derived aromas, very little is known about their biogeneration. Hence, possibilities for an efficient biotechnological production are still limited. After a brief summary of the historical development of norisoprenoid chemistry, this introductory chapter reviews the present knowledge about the occurrence and formation of carotenoid-derived aroma compounds in natural tissues and discusses possibilities for a biotechnological production.
Oral Ketamine and Transdermal Nitroglycerin as Analgesic Adjuvants to Oral Morphine Therapy for Cancer Pain Management (1999)

Low-dose ketamine and transdermal nitroglycerin were effective coadjuvant analgesics. In conjunction with their opioid tolerance-sparing function, joint delivery of ketamine or nitric oxide donors with opiates may be of significant benefit in cancer pain management.
High-energy electron beam technology (1994)

A high-energy electron beam (HEEB) technology was developed under the US Department of Defense (DOD) charged-particle-beam (CPB) directed-energy program. The program's objective was advanced military weapon systems. For the past two decades, charged-particle-beam research focused on producing intense beams and the vehicles to deliver large amounts of electrical energy. The charged-particle beams of interest for weapon systems had particle energies up to 100 MeV, beam currents of tens of kiloamperes, and propagation distances in excess of 100 m. However, such high energy levels are not required for industrial uses of the technology. It is anticipated that these less-aggressive beams will provide an electrical heat source suitable for a variety of materials processing applications, including surface treatment, joining, shock hardening, phase-transformation hardening, peening, shock-wave compaction, and melting. Much more R and D is needed to transfer to industry the high-energy electron beam technology developed in the CPB program. For example, its power as a materials processing tool must be convincingly demonstrated. Also required are compact, reliable accelerators that are relatively simple to use and reasonably priced.
Interferons: basic research, clinical studies, and their support. (1982)

Interferon research has recently made great progress. Interferons are now seen to be a family of agents, each with its own chemical and immunologic characteristics. Clinically, research using the techniques of recombinant DNA has made interferons available in quantities sufficient to perform full clinical trials in patients with various viral diseases and cancers. Interferon research promises to be an exciting and fruitful field in years ahead; however, efforts to study interferon may be hamstrung by a shortage of funds for basic research.
Effects of alpinetin on rat vascular smooth muscle cells (2003)

The object of this work was to study the effects of alpinetin on cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells. It was observed that H2O2 (100 micromol L(-1)) induced increase of LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) leakage in the medium of VSMC by 7.4% (p < 0.01) and 10(-7) mol L(-1) alpinetin significantly decreased LDH leakage induced by H2O2 (p < 0.01). Alpinetin had the effects of inhibiting VSMC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner under the condition of serum stimulation for 24 and 48 h, but with serum stimulation for 72 h adverse effects on VSMC proliferation appeared. 10(-7) and 10(-8) mol L(-1) alpinetin had significantly inhibitory effects on VSMC migration by 67.9% (p < 0.001) and 34.1% (p < 0.01) respectively. It was also found that alpinetin (10(-7)-10(-9) mol L(-1)) could significantly inhibit the production of NO in cultured VSMC induced by TNFalpha (200 U ml(-1)). At 10(-7), 10(-8) and 10(-9) mol L(-1) the modulation of NO was by 22.6% (p < 0.001), 20.6% (p < 0.01) and 13.9% (p < 0.05), respectively. In summary, the data show that alpinetin has, to some extent, protective effects on VSMC.
Genetic epidemiology of mutated K- <i>ras</i> proto-oncogene, altered suppressor genes, and microsatellite instability in colorectal adenomas (1999)

Genetic progression in colorectal adenomas is heterogeneous, involving factors related to patient age and the presence of RER for the occurrence of ras mutations, but different intraindividual characteristics for the occurrence of p53 alterations and RER.
Nonuniform depth grids in parabolic equation solutions (2013)

The parabolic wave equation is solved using a finite-difference solution in depth that involves a nonuniform grid. The depth operator is discretized using Galerkin's method with asymmetric hat functions. Examples are presented to illustrate that this approach can be used to improve efficiency for problems in ocean acoustics and seismo-acoustics. For shallow water problems, accuracy is sensitive to the precise placement of the ocean bottom interface. This issue is often addressed with the inefficient approach of using a fine grid spacing over all depth. Efficiency may be improved by using a relatively coarse grid with nonuniform sampling to precisely position the interface. Efficiency may also be improved by reducing the sampling in the sediment and in an absorbing layer that is used to truncate the computational domain. Nonuniform sampling may also be used to improve the implementation of a single-scattering approximation for sloping fluid-solid interfaces.
Clinical, mammographic, and sonographic determination of preoperative breast cancer size (1987)

Clinical, mammographic, and sonographic preoperative size measurements were correlated with the values obtained at pathologic examination in a series of 31 patients with pathologically T1 (n = 23) and T2 (n = 8) breast carcinomas. Sonographic measurements demonstrated the highest correlation coefficient (r = 0.84), with the lowest residual standard deviation calculated in relation to the regression line. As a result, real-time sonography yielded the most accurate determination of breast cancer size in this series. Sonographic tumor size determination has proved valuable when mammography failed to delineate the tumor, particularly in patients with dense breasts. It may also be recommended in the evaluation of tumor response to nonsurgical conservative treatment.
BACE-1 and γ-Secretase as Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer’s Disease (2019)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing global health concern with a massive impact on affected individuals and society. Despite the considerable advances achieved in the understanding of AD pathogenesis, researchers have not been successful in fully identifying the mechanisms involved in disease progression. The amyloid hypothesis, currently the prevalent theory for AD, defends the deposition of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) aggregates as the trigger of a series of events leading to neuronal dysfunction and dementia. Hence, several research and development (R&D) programs have been led by the pharmaceutical industry in an effort to discover effective and safety anti-amyloid agents as disease modifying agents for AD. Among 19 drug candidates identified in the AD pipeline, nine have their mechanism of action centered in the activity of β or γ-secretase proteases, covering almost 50% of the identified agents. These drug candidates must fulfill the general rigid prerequisites for a drug aimed for central nervous system (CNS) penetration and selectivity toward different aspartyl proteases. This review presents the classes of γ-secretase and beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE-1) inhibitors under development, highlighting their structure-activity relationship, among other physical-chemistry aspects important for the successful development of new anti-AD pharmacological agents.
A High-Power CMOS Switch Using A Novel Adaptive Voltage Swing Distribution Method in Multistack FETs (2008)

A high-power CMOS switch using a novel adaptive voltage swing distribution method in a multistack field-effect transistor (FET) scheme is proposed. The proposed adaptive voltage swing distribution method in multistack FETs is very effective in preventing unwanted channel formation with low control voltage supply in OFF-state FETs. This, in turn, increases power-handling capability when a large-signal voltage swing is applied. In the proposed CMOS switch, the behavior of the voltage swing in OFF-state multistack FETs shows a difference with respect to the level of input voltage swing. The characteristics of voltage swing distribution and leakage channel formation in the CMOS switch is fully analyzed with incorporation of the novel adaptive voltage swing distribution method into a three-stacked nMOS Rx switch in a standard 0.18-mum triple-well CMOS process. In addition, linearity of the proposed technique is verified through the measurement data of the single-pole double-throw switches that employ the proposed technique in the Rx switch. Two different types of configurations are implemented and characterized at the Rx switches, which consist of four-stacked nMOS devices, to demonstrate the method of minimizing voltage stress issues on one of the multistacked FETs. Layout consideration was also taken to prevent interference between leakage signals at the substrate. The measured performance of the proposed design shows an input 0.3-dB compression point of 33.5 dBm at 1.9 GHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest power-handling capability of a CMOS switch in a standard CMOS process ever reported. The insertion losses of the Tx and Rx switches are 1.6 and 1.9 dB, respectively, at 1.9 GHz. The isolation of the Tx and Rx switches is around 20 and 30 dB, respectively, at 1.9 GHz.
Archaeological Studies of the Middle and Late Holocene, Papua New Guinea. Part I. Ceramic sites on the Duke of York Islands (2007)

Surveys and surface collections of pottery and obsidian from 21 localities in the Duke of York Islands are reported. Test pits dug in seven of these revealed similar stratigraphies in nearly all, with pottery, obsidian, and sometimes other stone, animal bone and shell, underlying Rabaul volcanic ash dated to c. 1400
State of the Art in Liposuction (1997)

Dermatologic Surgery: December 1997 - Volume 23 - Issue 12 - p 1190-1191 doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.1997.tb00471.x
Mutations of zeste that mediate transvection are recessive enhancers of position-effect variegation in Drosophila melanogaster. (1995)

Evidence is presented demonstrating that mutations of zeste, particularly the null state, are strong recessive enhancers of position-effect variegation (PEV) for the white, roughest and Notch loci. The zeste locus encodes a DNA-binding protein that acts as a transcription factor and mediates transvection phenomena at several loci. Its involvement with these seemingly diverse phenomena suggests that the normal zeste product functions in the decondensation of chromatin. A model is presented proposing that zeste is important for opening and stabilizing domains of chromatin, a step in gene determination and the establishment of cell memory. It postulates that chromatin domains that have been structurally modified by chromosomal rearrangement or by insertion of transposable elements are particularly sensitive to the absence or modification of the zeste protein. Such a view unifies the role of zeste in transcription, transvection and PEV.
Atmospheric Carbon Tetrafluoride: A Nearly Inert Gas (1979)

An analysis of existing thermodynamic, photochemical, and kinetic data indicates that the dominant sinks for atmospheric carbon tetrafluoride (CF(4)) are in and above the mesosphere. Theoretical calculations predict an atmospheric residence time for CF(4) of over 10,000 years, about 100 times that for dichlorodifluoromethane (CF(2)Cl(2)) and monofluorotrichloromethane (CFC1(3)). It is predicted that CF(4) will be well mixed through the stratosphere and mesosphere; only one or two parts of hydrogen fluoride in 10(12) are predicted in the high stratosphere as a result of the decomposition of CF(4). Although natural sources of CF(4) cannot be ruled out, there are several likely industrial sources that may account for its present concentration. The principal environmental effect of CF(4) could be the trapping of outgoing planetary infrared energy in its intense bands near 8 micrometers.
Contemporary American Indian writing: unsettling literature (2000)

Starting with the premise that American Indians have been colonized, Home outlines the dangers of colonial mimicry. She proposes a theory of subversive mimicry through which writers can use the language of the colonial power to subvert it and inscribe diverse First Nations voices. Drawing on select works by Thomas King, Beatrice Culleton, Ruby Slipperjack, Jeannette Armstrong, Lee Maracle, and Tomson Highway, the study also elucidates decolonizing strategies with which readers can collaborate.
Anaerobes: General Characteristics (1996)

The broad classification of bacteria as anaerobic, aerobic, or facultative is based on the types of reactions they employ to generate energy for growth and other activities. In their metabolism of energy-containing compounds, aerobes require molecular oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor and cannot grow in its absence (see Chapter 4). Anaerobes, on the other hand, cannot grow in the presence of oxygen. Oxygen is toxic for them, and they must therefore depend on other substances as electron acceptors. Their metabolism frequently is a fermentative type in which they reduce available organic compounds to various end products such as organic acids and alcohols. The facultative organisms are the most versatile. They preferentially utilize oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor, but also can metabolize in the absence of oxygen by reducing other compounds. Much more usable energy, in the form of high-energy phosphate, is obtained when a molecule of glucose is completely catabolized to carbon dioxide and water in the presence of oxygen (38 molecules of ATP) than when it is only partially catabolized by a fermentative process in the absence of oxygen (2 molecules of ATP). The ability to utilize oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor provides organisms with an extremely efficient mechanism for generating energy. Understanding the general characteristics of anaerobiosis provides insight into how anaerobic bacteria can proliferate in damaged tissue and why special care is needed in processing clinical specimens that may contain them.
Image retrieval evaluation (2002)

One of the most significant problems in content-based image retrieval results from the lack of a common test-bed for researchers. Although many published articles report on content-based retrieval results using color photographs, there has been little effort in establishing a benchmark set of images and queries. Doing so would have many benefits in advancing the technology and utility of content-based image retrieval systems. We address the growing need for establishing a common content-based image retrieval test-bed.
BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION FOR THE WISKOTT-ALDRICH SYNDROME (1990)

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WAS) is a sex-linked disease characterized by immunodeficiency and thrombocytopenia. Supportive treatment of this disease is inadequate and bone marrow transplantation has been reported to result in excellent survival. The long-term follow-up of 8 male patients who received bone marrow transplantation for the WAS is reported here. All of these patients received ablative preparative treatment consisting of ATS (antithymocyte serum), cytoxan and either busulfan or TBI (total body irradiation). Bone marrow was transplanted from an HLA-matched donor. Seven of eight of these male patients have had excellent engraftment of their transplant and now have adequate lymphocyte and platelet function. In addition, they have had good growth and development. This suggests that ablative preparative treatment followed by early bone marrow transplantation from an HLA-matched donor is a highly successful therapy for this congenital disease.
Approche mixte, analytique et par apprentissage, pour la synthèse d'une prise naturelle (2008)

Notre interet se porte sur la determination d'une prise adaptee a un objet donne, a partir de sa forme geometrique et des contraintes fixees par la tâche. L'idee de notre approche est issue de l'observation du comportement humain lors de la saisie d'objets. Pour expliquer la faculte de saisie exceptionnelle humaine, nous nous inspirons d'une theorie proposee en neuroscience et intitulee reconnaissance par composantes. Cette theorie suppose que les objets sont decoupes mentalement selon leurs parties naturelles et que l'assemblage de ces differentes parties servira de clef pour leur identification. Si l'homme decoupe les objets en primitives geometriques simples afin de les reconnaitre, pourquoi n'emploie-t-il pas cette decomposition pour les saisir? Nous avons une forte conviction que plusieurs objets de la vie courante sont munis, a leur fabrication, d'une partie facilitant leur prehension. L'approche developpee determine, pour un objet de forme quelconque, cette partie prehensible. L'objet est alors approche par un ensemble de formes geometriques simples. A partir de l'observation de la saisie humaine, un reseau de neurones est entraine afin d'identifier la partie prehensible de l'objet. Une fois, nous disposons de la partie prehensible, nous nous interessons a l'identification des points de contacts sur cette partie garantissant la stabilite de l'objet. Pour cette fin, nous proposons une nouvelle approche pour la generation de prises dites force-closure. Cette approche permet, en se servant de l'algebre de Grassmann, de reduire considerablement le temps de generation d'une prise stable.
Keyword extraction from online product reviews based on bi-directional LSTM recurrent neural network (2017)

Online reviews are acknowledged as an important source of product information when customers make purchasing decisions. However, in the era of information overload, product review data on the Internet are too abundant and contain much irrelevant information. This makes it difficult for customers to find useful reviews. To solve this issue, some e-commerce websites provide keywords for product reviews, but these are generated beforehand and have the potential to distort customers' opinions of products. This paper presents an automatic keyword extraction method based on a bi-directional long short-memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN). The results of experiments conducted on product reviews obtain by data-crawling jd.com show that the proposed approach has a very high accuracy of keyword extraction. This can help reduce human annotation efforts in e-commerce.