gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On LQG control across a stochastic packet-dropping link (2005)

In this paper, we consider the problem of optimal linear quadratic Gaussian control of a system in which communication between the sensor and the controller occurs across a packet-dropping link. We first prove a separation principle that allows us to solve this problem using a standard LQR state-feedback design, along with an optimal algorithm for propagating and using the information across the unreliable link. Then we present one such optimal algorithm, which consists of a Kalman filter at the sensor side of the link, and a switched linear filter at the controller side. Our design does not assume any statistical model of the packet drop events, and is thus optimal for any arbitrary packet drop pattern. Further, the solution is appealing from a practical point of view because it can be implemented as a small modification of an existing LQG control design.
Endotracheal Intubation in the Field Does Not Improve Outcome in Trauma Patients Who Present without an Acutely Lethal Traumatic Brain Injury (2003)

Prehospital intubation is associated with a significant increase in morbidity and mortality in trauma patients with traumatic brain injury who are admitted to the hospital without an acutely lethal injury. A randomized, prospective study is warranted to confirm these results.
Hyper‐Reactive Hypothalamo‐Pituitary‐Adrenocortical Axis in Rats Bred for High Anxiety‐Related Behaviour (1999)

Psychiatric patients suffering from anxiety disorders or endogenous depression exhibit increased activity in their hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Recently, two Wistar rat lines, bred for high (HAB) and low (LAB) anxiety-related behaviour on the elevated plus-maze, were described as a unique psychopathological animal model (1). The present study focused on the HPA axis reactivity of HAB and LAB animals to an emotional stressor. Thus, adult male HAB and LAB animals, fitted with jugular vein catheters 5 days prior to the experiment, were exposed to an open arm of the elevated plus-maze for 5 min. Whereas basal levels of ACTH and corticosterone were similar in both lines, HAB rats showed higher plasma concentrations at 5 and 15 min following stressor exposure (both hormones and both time points: P<0.01 vs LAB). Furthermore, increased basal (P<0.05 vs LAB) and stimulated (P<0.01 vs LAB) prolactin concentrations in HAB rats were found. In contrast to ACTH, corticosterone and prolactin, plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels did not differ between HAB and LAB animals; oxytocin, but not vasopressin, responding to open arm exposure with a significant increase in both lines (P<0.05). In conclusion, particularly due to the association between inborn anxiety and HPA axis hyper-reactivity, the HAB rat represents a promising animal model for further investigation of the relationship between emotional disturbance and neuroendocrine activity.
Production of heparan sulphate proteoglycans by human bone marrow stromal cells (1991)

Haemopoietic progenitors from human bone marrow bind strongly to human marrow stromal cell cultures but the interaction only occurs if the stromal cells are maintained in methyl prednisolone. Heparan sulphate has been implicated in this interaction and in the binding of haemopoietic cell growth factors. In the present study we have compared the molecular structures of the heparan sulphate proteoglycans, metabolically labelled with [35S]sulphate, produced by methyl prednisolone-treated and untreated human marrow stromal cells in vitro. [35S]proteoglycans were examined in the cell layers (extracted with 1% (v/v) Triton X-100 in 6 M urea) and in the culture medium. Fractionation of proteoglycans by ion-exchange chromatography indicated that the heparan sulphate produced by the treated cultures eluted at a higher NaCl concentration than the counterpart from untreated cells. The heparan sulphate appeared to be mainly expressed on the cell surface, since it was efficiently extracted by treatment with dilute trypsin (50 micrograms ml-1 for 10 min). All cultures contained two heparan sulphate proteoglycan species, the major component eluted from a Sepharose CL-4B column with a median Kav of 0.33 and apparently contained an average of only one heparan sulphate chain. Small quantities of a larger proteoglycan, which was eluted in the void volume from the CL-4B column, was also detected, mainly in the cell layer extracts. The molecular structure of the heparan sulphate chains was analysed by oligosaccharide mapping, following specific enzymic depolymerisation, and separation of breakdown products by gradient PAGE. The maps revealed significant differences in overall enzyme susceptibilities and sulphation patterns of polysaccharides produced by methyl prednisolone-treated and untreated cultures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Water Transport Mechanisms in Textile Materials (1957)

In view of the interest in the phenomenon of "wicking" in apparel fabrics made of synthetic fibers or of blends, a basic study of the mechanism of water transport in yarns and fabrics has been made. The movement of water along fabrics is shown to depend on the laws of capillary action. Because the rates of travel of water in many fabrics and in yarns from these fabrics are approximately equal, it is concluded that water is carried mainly in the capillaries formed by the fibers in the individual yarns. The speed of travel of water in these capillaries is readily reduced by the presence of randomly arranged fibers in the yarn, and it is this factor rather than the nature of the fiber mate rial which accounts for the wide range of water transport properties found in blended fabrics. The rates at which drops of water placed on the surface of such fabrics are absorbed also appear to depend on the same principles. However, for the fabrics that have been studied, these are considerably lower in magnitude than the rates for water travel within the fabrics. Since the water-holding capacities of fabrics made of different fiber materials in a similar construction are also similar, the amount of water carried by a fabric in a rate experiment depends mainly on the capillary laws which define the distance of travel in unit time. The rate of travel of water in a group of wool-type blended fabrics can be correlated with their thermal resistance properties, and both appear to depend on the arrangement of the individual fibers in the fabrics. Random arrangement of the fibers in the yarns leads to fabrics along which water travels slowly and which possess increased thermal insulation in the moist state. The water transport properties of fabrics in general provide useful information about fiber arrangement in fabrics and yarns, and it appears that the rather simple drop absorption technique for surface wetting can be conveniently used for this purpose in studying wool-type fabrics.
IL‐5 deficiency abolishes aspects of airway remodelling in a murine model of lung inflammation (2001)

Our results demonstrate that eosinophil accumulation, but not IL-5 alone, plays a central role in the initial stages of the lung remodelling process and suggests that therapies directed at inhibiting eosinophilic inflammation may be beneficial in treating chronic asthma.
Splenic interleukin 1 gene expression is associated with accumulation of macrophages and oxygen radical production in <i>Plasmodium vinckei</i> malaria (1994)

High levels of interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) were detected in vitro, in murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with Plasmodium vinckei exogenous antigens, and in vivo, in sera of P. vinckei-parasitized mice. Moreover, high production of IL-1 alpha mRNA could be detected by in situ hybridization analysis in spleen sections of mice during the course of P. vinckei malaria. The observed IL-1 alpha gene expression in the spleen was associated with the accumulation of F4/80+ macrophages in the red pulp and in the marginal zone of follicles, as well as with the relative proportions of Mac-1+ cells in the spleen and the capacity of spleen cells to produce reactive oxygen intermediates during murine malaria.
Fly Ash Properties and Mercury Sorbent Affect Mercury Release from Curing Concrete (2009)

The release of mercury from concrete containing fly ashes from various generator boilers and powdered activated carbon sorbent used to capture mercury was measured in laboratory experiments. Release of gaseous mercury from these concretes was less than 0.31% of the total quantity of mercury present. The observed gaseous emissions of mercury during the curing process demonstrated a dependency on the organic carbon content of the fly ash, with mercury release decreasing with increasing carbon content. Further, lower gaseous emissions of mercury were observed for concretes incorporating ash containing activated carbon sorbent than would be expected based on the observed association with organic carbon, suggesting that the powdered activated carbon more tightly binds the mercury as compared to unburned carbon in the ash. Following the initial 28-day curing interval, mercury release diminished with time. In separate leaching experiments, average mercury concentrations leached from fly ash concretes were less than 4.1 ng/L after 18 h and 7 days, demonstrating that less than 0.02% of the mercury was released during leaching.
Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Neuroinflammation after Cranial Irradiation with<sup>56</sup>Fe Particles (2008)

Exposure to heavy-ion radiation is considered a potential health risk in long-term space travel. In the central nervous system (CNS), loss of critical cellular components may lead to performance decrements that could ultimately compromise mission goals and long-term quality of life. Hippocampal-dependent cognitive impairments occur after exposure to ionizing radiation, and while the pathogenesis of this effect is not yet clear, it may involve the production of newly born neurons (neurogenesis) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. We irradiated mice with 0.5-4 Gy of (56)Fe ions and 2 months later quantified neurogenesis and numbers of activated microglia as a measure of neuroinflammation in the dentate gyrus. Results showed that there were few changes after 0.5 Gy, but that there was a dose-related decrease in hippocampal neurogenesis and a dose-related increase in numbers of newly born activated microglia from 0.5-4.0 Gy. While those findings were similar to what was reported after X irradiation, there were also some differences, particularly in the response of newly born glia. Overall, this study showed that hippocampal neurogenesis was sensitive to relatively low doses of (56)Fe particles, and that those effects were associated with neuroinflammation. Whether these changes will result in functional impairments or if/how they can be managed are topics for further investigation.
The core flux of the brightest 10 $\mathsf{\mu}$m galaxies in the southern sky (2008)

Aims. Near diffraction-limited images have been taken at 8.9, 11.9, and 12.9 μm for the brightest extragalactic sources in the southern sky, in order to optimally plan N-band observations with MIDI (MID-infrared Interferometric instrument) at the VLTI.
Acute anxiety and autonomic arousal induced by CO2 inhalation impairs prefrontal executive functions in healthy humans (2019)

Acute anxiety impacts cognitive performance. Inhalation of air enriched with carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) in healthy humans provides a novel experimental model of generalised anxiety, but has not previously been used to assess cognition. We used inhalation of 7.5% CO<sub>2</sub> to induce acute anxiety and autonomic arousal in healthy volunteers during neuropsychological tasks of cognitive flexibility, emotional processing and spatial working memory in a single-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover, within-subjects study. In Experiment 1 (n = 44), participants made significantly more extra-dimensional shift errors on the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift task under CO<sub>2</sub> inhalation compared with 'normal' air. Participants also had slower latencies when responding to positive words and made significantly more omission errors for negative words on the CANTAB Affective Go/No-go task. In Experiment 2 (n = 28), participants made significantly more total errors and had poorer heuristic search strategy on the CANTAB Spatial Working Memory task. In both experiments, CO<sub>2</sub> inhalation significantly increased negative affect; state anxiety and fear; symptoms of panic; and systolic blood pressure/heart rate. Overall, CO<sub>2</sub> inhalation produced robust anxiogenic effects and impaired fronto-executive functions of cognitive flexibility and working memory. Effects on emotional processing suggested a mood-congruent slowing in processing speed in the absence of a negative attentional bias. State-dependent effects of anxiety on cognitive-emotional interactions in the prefrontal cortex warrant further investigation.
Josephson Junctions with Short Semiconductor Links Separated by Osidized Layer (1985)

Josephson junctions with short semiconductor links have been fabricated by a thermal oxidation process. The length and width of typical links are 20 nm and 2 µm, respectively. The two electrodes of the junction are separated by a thin oxide layer and are electrically coupled through an underlying degenerate semiconductor layer. With this structure, it should be possible in principle to fabricate links of length in the 10 nm range with relatively high reproducibility. The I - V characteristics were measured at 4.2 K, from which the I c R n products of 0.1–1.0 mV were obtained. From the rf excitation measurements, more than 33 microwave induced steps were observed at a frequency of 9.18 GHz.
Paediatric surgery (2006)

© Cambridge University Press 2006 and 2009. The specialty of paediatric surgery has developed in recognition of the facts that infants and children differ from adults in their anatomy, physiology and psychology as well as in the diseases they encounter. It is a broad specialty and is defined by age rather than by organ systems. There are two levels of specialization: specialist paediatric surgery and general paediatric surgery. Specialist paediatric surgery consists of: Neonatal surgery from birth to postconceptional age of 44 weeks; Surgery of major or complex conditions in infants and older children, including neoplasms, hepatobiliary diseases, specialized gastrointestinal conditions, thoracic anomalies, major trauma, etc.; Paediatric urology. General paediatric surgery encompasses relatively common and less demanding disorders, including elective conditions such as inguinal hernia and emergency conditions such as appendicitis in older children. The outcome of infants and children requiring surgery has improved enormously in recent years as a result of a better understanding of physiology of children, improvement of surgical techniques, advances in paediatric anaesthesia and intensive care and the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach. Attention to the psychological needs of children, involvement of the family in the management process and more effective postoperative pain relief further enhance the quality of care for these children. SURGICAL PHYSIOLOGY; Children are not ‘small adults’. The differences between children and adults are greatest immediately after birth as the infant adapts to extrauterine life: these are further accentuated in preterm babies.
717: Mycobacterial Cell Wall-DNA Complex (MCC) Induces IgG Antibody Responses Against MCC and BCG in Patients with CIS of the Bladder (2004)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Monday, May 10, 2004, 8:00 am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 2004717: Mycobacterial Cell Wall-DNA Complex (MCC) Induces IgG Antibody Responses Against MCC and BCG in Patients with CIS of the Bladder Mario C. Filion, Benoit Filion, Alvaro Morales, and Nigel C. Phillips Mario C. FilionMario C. Filion More articles by this author , Benoit FilionBenoit Filion More articles by this author , Alvaro MoralesAlvaro Morales More articles by this author , and Nigel C. PhillipsNigel C. Phillips More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)37966-7AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "717: Mycobacterial Cell Wall-DNA Complex (MCC) Induces IgG Antibody Responses Against MCC and BCG in Patients with CIS of the Bladder." The Journal of Urology, 171(4S), p. 190 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 171Issue 4SApril 2004Page: 190 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Mario C. Filion More articles by this author Benoit Filion More articles by this author Alvaro Morales More articles by this author Nigel C. Phillips More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Identification of the srtC1 transcription start site and catalytically essential residues required for Actinomyces oris T14V SrtC1 activity (2011)

In Actinomyces oris T14V, sortase SrtC1 mediates the assembly of type 1 fimbriae. We analyzed the effects of the conserved residues (H184, H204, F213, Y236, L263, T265, C266 and R275) on the SrtC1 activity by site-directed mutagenesis. We identified three essential conserved residues (H204, Y236 and C266) that are critical for the assembly of type 1 fimbriae in this organism. rapid amplification of cDNA ends analyses and reverse transcriptase-PCR results indicate that srtC1 was transcribed together with the putative adhesin gene fimQ and major structural subunit gene fimP as a single polycistronic mRNA.
Food Resource Utilization in the Sea Urchin Lytechinus variegatus in Contrasting Shallow-Water Microhabits of Saint Joseph Bay, Florida (1999)

The feeding activity and relative percentages of different foods consumed by the regular sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus in three contrasting microhabitats were examined over a 2-yr period in Saint Joseph Bay, FL, at its northern limits of distribution. In 1993, feeding activity levels of individuals at a site dominated by the seagrass Thalassia testudinum were higher on average than at a site characterized mostly by sand substrates alone or a site dominated by the seagrass Syringodium filiforme. No other significant difference in feeding activity levels was detected between sites or years. Feeding activity was markedly reduced at all sites in winter months of both years. Lytechinus variegatus in Saint Joseph Bay displayed generalist feeding behaviors with diets that appeared to be governed by the availability and palatability of food items. Foods consumed by sea urchins varied seasonally at each site, apparently in response to changes in food availability. Some seasonally abundant algae (e.g., the fleshy red alga Laurencia porteaur) were not consumed, presumably due to chemical defenses. Seasonal depressions in resource utilization and changes in food types likely impact aspects of growth and reproduction of individuals comprising subpopulations of L. variegatus that fringe on the northern limits of their biogeographic distribution.
Anesthesia for Endovascular Neurosurgery (2006)

Endovascular neurosurgical procedures are complex, requiring significant planning, foresight, and coordination. The neuroanesthetist is an integral part of these procedures, organizing efforts of the technicians and nurses and responding to the needs of the neurointerventionalist. The purpose of this article is to review, in detail, the role of the neuroanesthetist in the endovascular operating room. An overview of all areas either partially or completely managed by the anesthetist is provided.
High-Performance 3D Articulated Robot Display (2011)

In the domain of telerobotic operations, the primary challenge facing the operator is to understand the state of the robotic platform. One key aspect of understanding the state is to visualize the physical location and configuration of the platform. As there is a wide variety of mobile robots, the requirements for visualizing their configurations vary diversely across different platforms. There can also be diversity in the mechanical mobility, such as wheeled, tracked, or legged mobility over surfaces. Adaptable 3D articulated robot visualization software can accommodate a wide variety of robotic platforms and environments. The visualization has been used for surface, aerial, space, and water robotic vehicle visualization during field testing. It has been used to enable operations of wheeled and legged surface vehicles, and can be readily adapted to facilitate other mechanical mobility solutions. The 3D visualization can render an articulated 3D model of a robotic platform for any environment. Given the model, the software receives real-time telemetry from the avionics system onboard the vehicle and animates the robot visualization to reflect the telemetered physical state. This is used to track the position and attitude in real time to monitor the progress of the vehicle as it traverses its environment. It is also used to monitor the state of any or all articulated elements of the vehicle, such as arms, legs, or control surfaces. The visualization can also render other sorts of telemetered states visually, such as stress or strains that are measured by the avionics. Such data can be used to color or annotate the virtual vehicle to indicate nominal or off-nominal states during operation. The visualization is also able to render the simulated environment where the vehicle is operating. For surface and aerial vehicles, it can render the terrain under the vehicle as the avionics sends it location information (GPS, odometry, or star tracking), and locate the vehicle over or on the terrain correctly. For long traverses over terrain, the visualization can stream in terrain piecewise in order to maintain the current area of interest for the operator without incurring unreasonable resource constraints on the computing platform. The visualization software is designed to run on laptops that can operate in field-testing environments without Internet access, which is a frequently encountered situation when testing in remote locations that simulate planetary environments such as Mars and other planetary bodies.
Electrothermal Supercharging in Mass Spectrometry and Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Native Proteins (2012)

Electrothermal supercharging of protein ions formed by electrospray ionization from buffered aqueous solutions results in significant increases to both the maximum and average charge states compared to native mass spectrometry in which ions are formed from the same solutions but with lower spray potentials. For eight of the nine proteins investigated, the maximum charge states of protonated ions formed from native solutions with electrothermal supercharging is greater than those obtained from conventional denaturing solutions consisting of water/methanol/acid, although the average charging is slightly lower owing to contributions of small populations of more folded low charge-state structures. Under these conditions, electrothermal supercharging is slightly less effective for anions than for cations. Equivalent sequence coverage (80%) is obtained with electron transfer dissociation of the same high charge-state ion of cytochrome c formed by electrothermal supercharging from native solutions and from denaturing solutions. Electrothermal supercharging should be advantageous for combining structural studies of proteins in native environments with mass spectrometers that have limited high m/z capabilities and for significantly improving tandem mass spectrometry performance for protein ions formed from solutions in which the molecules have native structures and activities.