gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Embryonic Alternative (2001)

The rallying cry of those who oppose work with embryonic stem cells is that cells from adults are sufficient (see main text). But if scientists must study embryonic stem cells, they should focus on those from rhesus monkeys. That's the argument of Kevin Fitzgerald, a bioethicist at Loyola University Medical Center outside Chicago. Fitzgerald, a Jesuit priest who holds a Ph.D. in molecular genetics, is a founding member of the Coalition of Americans for Research Ethics, a group that lobbies against the use of human embryonic stem cells. Biologists can't draw a line somewhere after fertilization that marks the start of “human life,” says Fitzgerald. “It's a spectrum all the way along. That's why the end- and beginning-of-life issues are so difficult.” For that reason, he thinks that embryos deserve the same protection and respect as infants and so shouldn't be destroyed to obtain embryonic stem cells.
Desensitization of nicotinic agonist-induced [3H]gamma-aminobutyric acid release from mouse brain synaptosomes is produced by subactivating concentrations of agonists. (1999)

Several neurochemical and electrophysiological studies have shown that neuronal nicotinic receptors are desensitized by pretreatment with lower agonist concentrations than are required to activate the receptors, but the extent of desensitization and agonist concentration required to produce desensitization vary depending upon receptor subtype. Recently, we reported that nicotinic agonists will stimulate the release of [3H]gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from synaptosomes prepared from mouse brain. The studies described herein evaluated desensitization of [3H]GABA release produced by pretreatment with 12 nicotinic agonists. Pretreatment produced near total desensitization that developed slowly (onset T(1/2) = 3.46 min) and was totally reversible (recovery T(1/2) = 4.95 min). Nine of the 12 compounds tested induced total or near total desensitization at concentrations that were less than those required to produce a reliably measured increase in [3H]GABA release. Nicotine produced total block with an IC(50) value of 26 nM. This value is two orders of magnitude lower than the EC(50) for nicotine-induced [3H]GABA release (1630 nM). The three compounds that showed an overlap of the desensitization and activation concentration-effect curves (cytisine, anabasine, nornicotine) are all partial agonists. Comparison of the desensitization properties of the [3H]GABA release with an ion ((86)Rb+) efflux that we have measured previously suggests that the receptor that mediates GABA release and (86)Rb(+) efflux is the same, most likely the alpha4beta2 subtype.
Traffic Engineering Techniques for Determining Trunk Requirements in Alternate Routing Trunk Networks (1954)

In 1945 the Bell System embarked on an extensive study with the purpose of developing a program for operator toll dialing on a nationwide basis. Operator toll dialing had been done, of course, on a limited scale in various parts of the country for many years, but the concept of this program was one of nationwide proportions carried on with a uniform numbering plan <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">∗</sup> arrangement and a completely integrated trunking system which would handle traffic at a high speed between any two points in the United States and Canada, even in the busier hours of the day. Implementation of this program required the development of new switching mechanisms and the exploitation of carrier transmission potentialities to a degree never before achieved. Great strides had already been made in these fields, resulting in the practical development of the coaxial cable system and the first toll crossbar switching office installed at Philadelphia in 1943. But the very core of the nationwide dialing plan was the proposal to revolutionize the method of traffic distribution so as to combine high speed handling over the intertoll trunk network with a highly efficient use of facilities. The method of accomplishing is called “engineered alternate routing”
Context in information bases (1998)

Although semantic data models provide expressive conceptual modeling mechanisms, they do not support context, i.e. providing controlled partial information on conceptual entities by viewing them from different viewpoints or in different situations. The authors present a model for representing contexts in information bases along with a set of operations for manipulating contexts. These operations support creating, updating, combining, and comparing contexts. The model contributes to the efficient handling of information, especially in distributed, cooperative environments, as it enables (i) representing (possibly overlapping) partitions of an information base; (ii) partial representations of objects, (iii) flexible naming (e.g. relative names, synonyms and homonyms), (iv) focusing attention, and (v) combining and comparing different partial representations. The work advances towards the development of a formal framework intended to clarify several theoretical and practical issues related to the notion of context. The use of context in a cooperative environment is illustrated through a detailed example.
A Capability Requirements Approach for Predicting Worker Performance in Crowdsourcing (2013)

Assigning heterogeneous tasks to workers is an important challenge of crowdsourcing platforms. Current approaches to task assignment have primarily focused on contentbased approaches, qualifications, or work history. We propose an alternative and complementary approach that focuses on what capabil
Late‐onset hematological complications post <scp>COVID</scp>‐19: An emerging medical problem for the hematologist (2021)

Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is considered a multisystemic disease. Several studies have reported persistent symptoms or late-onset complications after acute COVID-19, including post-COVID-19 hematological disorders. COVID-19-induced coagulopathy, an immunothrombotic state, has been linked to thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events. Late-onset thrombocytopenia related to immune system dysregulation has also been reported as a rare manifestation post COVID-19. Close monitoring of laboratory dynamics is considered essential to identify timely abnormal values that need further investigation, providing supportive care whenever indicated. The role of hematologists is essential in terms of the multidisciplinary approach of long COVID-19. This review summarizes all the available evidence on post-acute COVID-19 hematological complications.
Thermodynamic and Related Properties of Alkyl Cationic Surfactants Based on Dimethyl and Diethyl Ethanol Amines (2006)

Abstract The synthesis and micellar properties of alkyl cationic surfactants based on dimethyl and diethyl ethanol amines have been investigated using conductometric and fluorimetric techniques. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) and degree of counterion binding was determined as a function of temperature. Employing mass action model the relative contribution of hydrophobic and surface energy to Gibbs energy of micellization, degree of counterion binding, and the monomer concentration in the post‐micellar region were evaluated. The aggregation numbers were determined employing fluorimetric techniques. The micellar properties of these series of surfactants were compared with their corresponding trimethyl and triethyl ammonium series to evaluate the effect of substitution of a hydroxyethyl group in place of either a methyl or ethyl group in the head group. Keywords: Cationic surfactantsmicellar propertiesmass action modelthermodynamicsaggregation numbersmicropolarity Acknowledgments RP acknowledges the generous support received from NSERC in the form of a discovery grant. AG and MM are grateful for the award of USRA 2002 and 2004 respectively from NSERC.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7): a neurodegenerative disorder with neuronal intranuclear inclusions (1998)

Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia with progressive macular degeneration is caused by a CAG/glutamine repeat expansion in the SCA7 gene/protein. Neuronal intranuclear inclusions were detected in the brain of an early onset SCA7 case with the 1C2 antibody directed against an expanded polyglutamine domain. Nuclear inclusions were most frequent in the inferior olivary complex, a site of severe neuronal loss in SCA7. They were also observed in other brain regions, including the cerebral cortex, not considered to be affected in the disease. Using confocal microscopy we showed that some inclusions were ubiquitinated, but to varying degrees, ranging from <1% in the cerebral cortex to 60% in the inferior olive. In addition, we also observed cytoplasmic staining using the 1C2 antibody, particularly in the supramarginal gyrus, the hippocampus, the thalamus, the lateral geniculate body and the pontine nuclei. These data confirm that the presence of intranuclear inclusions in neurons is a common characteristic of disorders caused by CAG/polyglutamine expansions, but unlike what has been reported for Huntington's disease, SCA1 and SCA3/MJD, in SCA7 the inclusions were not restricted to the sites of severe neuronal loss.
Linux Virtual Server for Scalable Network Services (2000)

This paper describes the motivation, design, internal implementation of Linux Virtual Server. The goal of Linux Virtual Server is to provide a basic framework to build highly scalable and highly available network services using a large cluster of commodity servers. The TCP/IP stack of Linux kernel is extended to support three IP load balancing techniques, which can make parallel services of different kinds of server clusters to appear as a service on a single IP address. Scalability is achieved by transparently adding or removing a node in the cluster, and high availability is provided by detecting node or daemon failures and reconfiguring the system appropriately.
Guided Wave Inspection of Supported Pipe Locations Using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (2014)

The goal of the work in this thesis is to develop a rapid and reliable NDT system to detect hidden corrosion at pipe-support interfaces using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (EMATs). Since there are often many support interfaces over a piping run, information is needed on the support interface conditions to optimize subsequent detailed inspections.In this work it is important to be able to isolate the effects produced from the support interface and the incident guided wave. To do this an optimum EMAT operating point is first selected, then the support interfaces and wall loss type defects are independently analyzed through experimentally validated finite element models. It is found that operating the SH1 plate wave mode near the `knee' of its dispersion curve gives a high sensitivity to wall loss type defects while experiencing a minimal effect from the support contact region.
Photo-Induced Dissociation of Protonated Peptide Ions in a Quadrupole Ion Trap Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (2007)

We have constructed a quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometer to study photo-induced dissociation (PID) of biologically important molecules in the gas phase.The performance and capabilities of the mass spectrometer were investigated by measuring the mass spectra of protonated peptide ions produced by electrospray ionization.The typical mass resolution (m/Am) was around 1000 and the collection efficiency measured for photo-fragment ions of protonated Tyr-Ala ions (YAH+) was about 41%.The PID spectra of YAH+ and protonated Gly-Trp ions (GWH+) were compared to their respective spectra obtained by collisioninduced dissociation in the same instrument.The chromophore effect in photodissociation of protonated peptide ions was addressed with the PID spectrum of GWH+.
Protective effects of thiol containing chelating agents against liver injury induced by hexavalent chromium in mice. (1992)

The effects of the chelating agents, L-cysteine ethyl ester (LCEE), L-cysteine methyl ester (LCME), N-acetyl-L-(+)-cysteine (NAC), 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS), N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (MPG), and 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), on the distribution, excretion and hepatotoxicity of ip injected hexavalent chromium were studied in male mice. The chelating agents (500 mg/kg) were injected iv as single doses given immediately or 30 min after potassium dichromate (20 mg Cr/kg) as hexavalent chromium was administered. When the chelating agents were injected immediately after the metal compound was administered, LCEE, LCME, NAC, DMPS, and MPG reduced the chromium contents in the liver and kidney, and facilitated the urinary excretion of chromium. The liver injury induced by chromium, which was evaluated by serum ornithine carbamyl transferase (OCT) activity, was prevented significantly by LCEE, LCME, DMPS, and MPG. On the other hand, when these chelating agents were injected at 30 min after the chromium administration, only DMSA could prevent the liver injury induced by the metal, and decreased the chromium contents in the liver. However, when DMSA was given at 3 hr after the metal administration, there was no therapeutic effect on them. These results suggest that the chelating agents tested may be useful in the treatment of intoxications due to hexavalent chromium, but there is the difference in the therapeutic effects of the chelating agents owing to the time intervals after the administration of the metal.
Electrochemically sliced low loss AlGaN optical microresonators (2017)

High quality single crystal III-Nitride films are often formed over a thick buffer to reduce growth induced defects on a lattice mismatched substrate. However, it is challenging to fabricate nanophotonic waveguiding structures directly from this very top layer. Here, we demonstrate electrochemical slicing of high quality AlGaN thin films and its subsequent transfer to a lower index oxided silicon substrate for lithographic patterning of photonic waveguide and microresonators. TEM analysis of the nanomembrane waveguide demonstrates an AlGaN layer free of misfit dislocations commonly found in conventional epitaxial AlGaN grown on sapphire or Si. We probe the low material optical loss (1.22 dB/cm) of the nanomembrane by measuring the optical quality (Q) factor at 780 nm. High intrinsic quality factors of 680 000 are achieved after optimizing fabrication process. This versatile, low loss AlGaN device opens applications for nonlinear photonics at visible wavelengths.
DSSylation, a novel guide for protein degradation? (2014)

The natural design for the generation and the fate of proteins in an organism could be as complicated as life itself. A protein is biosynthesized strictly according to the message carried by the mRNA transcribed from its gene. However, when, where, what and how much a gene is expressed are regulated precisely and dynamically at multiple levels, including at transcription, mRNA maturation, alternative splicing, and translation levels. A newly synthesized protein often needs to be further modified and sorted posttranslationally for its optimal confirmation and function. When a protein reaches its life span, the senescent protein is degraded by protein degradation machinery involving the ubiquitin-proteosome system and lysosomes. Protein homeostasis is essential for maintaining the normal morphology and function of the cell.
Drift collection of alpha generated carriers and design implications (1982)

A report on the effects of alpha particles which can induce an electric field and enhance the collection of carriers will be presented. The collection has been found to be fast, efficient, directional and sensitive to bias and substrate resistivity. The impact of this mechanism on VLSI scaling, design concepts, cell structures and technology will be discussed.
Identification of new sensitive biomarkers for the <i>in vivo</i> response to interferon‐β treatment in multiple sclerosis using DNA‐array evaluation (2009)

We identify IFI27, CCL2 and CXCL10 as sensitive biomarkers for the response to IFN-beta. The expression of these markers adequately reflects bioactivity of IFN-ss as documented by the decreased induction in low NAb-positive patients and the lost induction in patients with moderate/high NAb levels.
[Five-day rabeprazole-based triple therapy for helicobacter pylori infection]. (2004)

The 5-day rabeprazole-based triple therapy( combined with clarithromycin and furazolidone) for helicobacter pylori infection is an effective regimen with excellent patient acceptability and compliance.
A New Class of Digital Division Methods (1958)

This paper describes a class of division methods best suited for use in digital computers with facilities for floating point arithmetic. The division methods may be contrasted with conventional division procedures by considering the nature of each quotient digit as generated during the division process. In restoring division, each quotient digit has one of the values 0,1, . . . , r -1, for an arbitrary integer radix r. In nonrestoring division, each quotient digit has one of the values -(r-1),. . ., -1, +1, . . ., +(r-1). For the division methods described here, each quotient digit has one of the values -n, -(n-1), . . ., -1, 0, 1, . . . n-1, n, where n is an integer such that ½(r-1)≤n≤r-1. A method for serial conversion of the quotient digits to conventional (restoring) form is given. Examples of new division procedures for radix 4 and radix 10 are given.
A Review on Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery With Special Reference to Marginal/Uneconomical Reserves (2007)

Abstract Oil and natural gas are vital for any economy and the importance of these resources in determining the social stability and economic viability of a nation is enormous. As the search for petroleum continues, recovery of known reserves must be improved if the goal of avoiding shortages is to be met. In today's energy sector, the high oil prices have driven the oil companies to recover the maximum amount of oil with the lowest production costs. Thus, economic production of oil and gas resources requires carefully engineered recovery projects of increasing technical complexity and sophistication. One of the promising recovery methods is the microbiological enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). MEOR technology has the potential to be one of the reliable technologies that suits best the economic constraints of the current oil markets. The technology is a potential alternative to other EOR/ IOR methods, as it is being implementing in most parts of the world with satisfactory results not only form economics point of view but also from having lesser environmental impact. The paper provides a review on MEOR technology and discusses it with special reference to marginal and/or uneconomical reserves. The goal of cost reduction, which is a major objective in any recovery methods, can be met by using MEOR technology which involves injecting a small amount of a solution containing microorganisms to spread through the reservoir and consequently produce desirable chemicals and gases that will enhance oil recovery and therefore profit. The paper also outlines the strategies to identify and meet the challenge of recovering large proportions of oil using MEOR techniques which could be very helpful in closing the energy gap by draining large proportions of oil which is left behind and minimizing the supply and demand difference in today's "energy hungry world".
초고층 건물 기둥축소 엔지니어링 프로세스 개발 및 DB구축 (2014)

본 논문에서는 초고층 건물 기둥축소 엔지니어링을 위한 단계별 엔지니어링 프로세스를 개발하고 DB를 구축하였다. 기둥축소 엔지니어링 특성상, 여러 프로젝트 수행단계들 중 다양한 분야의 이해관계자들과 협업으로 인해, 효과성과 효율성이 저하되는 문제가 발생한다. 이 때, 일반적인 초고층 건물의 프로젝트 수행단계에 따른 관련 기둥축소 엔지니어링 각 단계별 업무 및 검토사항을 정리한 업무지침서와 주요 기둥축소 엔지니어링 사례분석 자료가 효과적인 대안이 될 수 있다. 이를 위해, 초고층 건물 프로젝트 수행단계별로 기둥축소 엔지니어링 관련 업무분석 및 요구사항을 도출하여 기둥축소 엔지니어링 프로세스를 구축하고 각 프로세스 단계별 검토사항 및 기준을 작성하였다. 또한, 기둥축소량 해석 시 핵심 영향인자 선별 등을 통해 DB Template을 작성하여 포스코건설이 수행한 11개 프로젝트 19개 동에 대한 기둥축소 엔지니어링 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 구축된 DB사례 검토 및 통계분석을 통해, 주요 변수별 상관관계를 구축하여 각 프로세스 단계별 엔지니어링 검토 시 활용할 수 있도록 하였다. 추후, 초고층 건물의 초기 설계단계에서의 기둥축소 엔지니어링 사전검토를 위한 기둥축소 핵심영향인자, 유사사례 분석 및 추출, 데이터베이스 활용 시나리오 등에 대한 심층적 분석을 통해 데이터베이스의 활용성에 대한 추가 연구가 필요하다.
Challenges in the NEGF Simulation of Quantum‐Well Photovoltaics Posed by Non‐Locality and Localization (2019)

In this paper, the implications of non‐locality and localization for the implementation and performance of quantum‐opto‐electronic device simulators based on the non‐equilibrium Green's function formalism are considered. It is shown that in the case of electron–photon interaction enabling interband transitions, restriction of the non‐locality range (the spatial distance over which the coupling acts) not only leads to an underestimation of the coupling strength as for intraband electron‐phonon scattering, but also to an inaccurate spectral shape of the response functions and to the violation of selection rules applying to the scattering rates. On the other hand, localization of electronic states (the restriction of finite probability density to a small spatial region) induced by discontinuities and fluctuations in the band profile has a detrimental impact on the speed of convergence of the self‐consistent evaluation of Green's functions and scattering self‐energies, as illustrated by the example of photocarrier extraction from different quantum well configurations.
Evidence that TSC2 acts as a transcription factor and binds to and represses the promoter of Epiregulin (2014)

The TSC2 gene, mutated in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), encodes a 200 kDa protein TSC2 (tuberin). The importance of TSC2 in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation is irrefutable. TSC2 in complex with TSC1 negatively regulates the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) via RHEB in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and in turn regulates cell proliferation. It shows nuclear as well as cytoplasmic localization. However, its nuclear function remains elusive. In order to identify the nuclear function of TSC2, a whole-genome expression profiling of TSC2 overexpressing cells was performed, and the results showed differential regulation of 266 genes. Interestingly, transcription was found to be the most populated functional category. EREG (Epiregulin), a member of the epidermal growth factor family, was found to be the most downregulated gene in the microarray analysis. Previous reports have documented elevated levels of EREG in TSC lesions, making its regulatory aspects intriguing. Using the luciferase reporter, ChIP and EMSA techniques, we show that TSC2 binds to the EREG promoter between -352 bp and -303 bp and negatively regulates its expression. This is the first evidence for the role of TSC2 as a transcription factor and of TSC2 binding to the promoter of any gene.
Interband Magnetoreflection of ZnO (1973)

Abstract In magnetic fields up to 50 kOe and for photon energies greater than the band gaps for light polarized with E ⊥ c and E ‖ c oscillatory changes of reflectivity are observed on ZnO‐crystals at helium temperatures. The anisotropic reduced masses and hole masses and the energy gaps are deduced from the shift of the reflection maxima in dependence on the magnetic field ( H ‖ c , H ⊥ c ). The influence of the Coulomb interaction of holes and electrons and the electron‐phonon interaction on the Landau levels are discussed. The results are compared with the valence band structure of wurtzite type crystals and the band parameters of ZnO previously reported.
林俊杰 俊杰魅力无限 家族完美呈现 (2007)

JJ的魅力是一点一点渗透进歌迷的心的。早在他正式发专辑前,大家就在阿杜的歌声中认识了他,这个单眼皮、阳光、才华横溢的大男生迅速征服了歌迷的心。两年多前,在JJ来内地宣传的第二天,林俊杰内地家族就正式开通了。他们的永久域名为www.jjfamily.com,口号是:俊杰魅力无限,家族完美呈现!并开始接待来自内地、港澳台、新加坡、马来西亚、韩国、日本等亚洲各国家以及地区的五湖四海的朋友。经过两年多的过程,家族已经发展成为在中国内地乃至全球最为知名的JJ网站之一,凡是JJ在的通告活动,就有家族朋友的身影。他们有自己的会服,会徽,并录制了会歌,将送给JJ听,非常完美齐备。
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐PYRONES PART 6, REACTIONS OF CHROMONES AND THIOCHROMONES WITH AMINES (1974)

Abstract Die Chromone (I) reagieren mit entsprechenden Aminen (II) zu den Verbindungen (III); mit Hydrazin (IVa), Phenylhydrazin (VI) bzw. Hydroxylamin (IVb) werden die Pyrazole (Va), (VII) bzw. das Isoxazol (Vb) gebildet.