gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Relations of Losartan and EXP3174 in a Porcine Animal Model (1997)

The pharmacokinetics of losartan and EXP3174, an active metabolite of losartan, were evaluated in the anesthetized pig after both a single intravenous dose (3 mg/kg) and during constant intravenous infusion. The pharmacodynamic activities of losartan and EXP3174 were determined during constant intravenous infusion as the degree of inhibition of angiotensin II-induced increase in the diastolic pressure. The systemic plasma clearance of losartan was 22.1 +/- 4.4 ml/min/kg (mean +/- SEM) and had an apparent volume of distribution at steady state of 0.56 +/- 0.16 L/kg after a 3-mg/kg intravenous dose. The elimination half-life of losartan was 40 +/- 6 min. Less than 2% of the intravenous losartan doses was estimated to be present as unconjugated EXP3174. The plasma clearance of EXP3174 was approximately 50% that of losartan, 11.8 +/- 1.5 ml/min/kg, and had a smaller steady-state apparent volume of distribution, 0.18 +/- 0.04 L/kg. The elimination half-life for EXP3174 was slightly longer than that of losartan (52 min). The time course of the pharmacodynamic effects of losartan and EXP3174 closely followed their respective plasma concentrations. The apparent dissociation constant of EXP3174 to the angiotensin II receptor was estimated, based on the total plasma concentrations, to be approximately 5 times lower than that for losartan.
Register-sensitive selection, duplication, and sequencing of instructions (2001)

In this paper, we present a new framework for selecting, duplicating and sequencing instructions so as to decrease register pressure. The motivation for this work is to target current and future high-performance processors where reductions in register pressure in the compiled programs can lead to improved performance.
Regulation of p53 localization (2001)

Despite intensive study of p53, the regulation of p53 cellular localization is still poorly understood. This is an overview of the elements and molecules involved in p53 nucleocytoplasmic transportation. These include the nuclear import and export signals of p53, inhibition of p53 nuclear import and export by oligomerization, MDM2-mediated p53 nuclear export, and possible roles of p53 phosphorylation in regulating p53 cellular localization. Finally, questions regarding p53 cellular trafficking will also be discussed.
Interferometric inclinometer for structural monitoring (2003)

The introduction of long-gauge fiber optic sensors has opened new opportunities for the monitoring of large structures. Using these sensors it is possible to observe the local elongation of a structure and calculate its global deformations. The use of internal sensors detecting integrated strain is however unable to detect the rigid-body motion of a structure, relative to an external reference system. This would require the installation of long deformation sensors connecting the structure with external reference points. Another possibility is to use gravity as a reference to measure vertical rotations of the structure. A gravity-referenced rotation sensor is conventionally called an inclinometer and measures the angle variations between a nominally vertical reference line in the structure and the direction of gravity. It is possible to use uni-axial inclinometers or bi-axial ones, measuring rotations in the two perpendicular vertical planes. Today's inclinometers are based on a variety of techniques and can achieve sensitivities in the micro-radian range. When using fiber optic deformations sensors in a given structure, it would however be interesting to use the same technology to obtain inclination reading. This prompted us to develop a fiber optic-based inclinometer compatible with the SOFO system. This contribution describes the development of this novel sensor and the first measurements obtained with it.
An Evaluation of Long‐term Stimulation Thresholds by Measurement of Chronic Strength Duration Curves (1981)

Successful long-term cardiac pacemaker therapy requires both reliable generator output and stable, attainable chronic stimulation thresholds. Strength duration curves, which display cardiac stimulation thresholds as a function of impulse duration, provide needed data to evaluate more thoroughly acute and chronic lead thresholds. We measured chronic strength duration curves at the time of generator replacement in 47 patients with three different types of lead systems of variable geometry and surface area and compared these curves with acute strength duration curves measured at the time of initial implantation in 19 patients. We found that strength duration curves has a characteristic shape; however, chronic strength duration curves were shifted upward and to the right of acute strength duration curves, regardless of electrode tip surface area or geometric design. Our data suggest that variable pulse width exceeding 1 ms may not significantly reduce stimulation thresholds.
Audio cues for graphic design (1992)

Rockit is a system for the inference of graphical constraints, embedded within a graphical editor as part of larger project on applications development. The graphical editor allows the application designer to draw application-domain-specific objects and define constraints among them. On the basis of direct manipulation techniques, Rockit can infer the most likely graphical constraints as the designer manipulates the objects. Both graphical and audio feedback are used to guide the designer towards their choices. In this short document, we present our experience in designing and using audio, as a complement to graphical feedback, for this purpose.
Identification of Structural Features of 2‐Alkylidene‐1,3‐Dicarbonyl Derivatives that Induce Inhibition and/or Activation of Histone Acetyltransferases KAT3B/p300 and KAT2B/PCAF (2014)

Dysregulation of the activity of lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) is related to a variety of diseases and/or pathological cellular states; however, their role remains unclear. Therefore, the development of selective modulators of these enzymes is of paramount importance, because these molecules could be invaluable tools for assessing the importance of KATs in several pathologies. We recently found that diethyl pentadecylidenemalonate (SPV106) possesses a previously unobserved inhibitor/activator activity profile against protein acetyltransferases. Herein, we report that manipulation of the carbonyl functions of a series of analogues of SPV106 yielded different activity profiles against KAT2B and KAT3B (pure KAT2B activator, pan-inhibitor, or mixed KAT2B activator/KAT3B inhibitor). Among the novel compounds, a few derivatives may be useful chemical tools for studying the mechanism of lysine acetylation and its implications in physiological and/or pathological processes.
Hysteresis of the RT Interval With Exercise (1997)

Hysteresis of the RT interval with exercise may be useful for the diagnosis of LQTS.
Luminescence of ultrathin organic films: transition from monomer to excimer emission (1996)

We investigate high-quality evaporated dye layers of N, N'-dimethylperylene-3,4:9,10-bis-discarboximide of varying thicknesses, using temperature-dependent luminescence. Layers with a nominal thickness much less than a monolayer show monomer emission similar to that of dilute solutions. With increasing layer thickness, the luminescence is dominated by excimer transitions. The excimer linewidth decreases markedly with decreasing temperature. We show that the aggregation of molecules can be controlled by variation of the surface roughness.
New stereoselective method for the preparation of vicinal diamines from olefins and cyanamide (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNew stereoselective method for the preparation of vicinal diamines from olefins and cyanamideHarold Kohn and Sang Hun JungCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 12, 4106–4108Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00350a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00350a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1312Altmetric-Citations30LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Responses of Cytokinins, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Lipid Peroxidation in Shoots of Creeping Bentgrass to High Root-zone Temperatures (2003)

This study was designed to examine whether shoot injury induced by high root-zone temperature is associated with changes in shoot detoxifying metabolism and to determine the level and duration of high root-zone temperatures that would induce physiological changes in two cultivars of creeping bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera var . palustris Huds) differing in heat tolerance. Plants of `Penn A-4' (heat tolerant) and `Putter' (heat susceptible) were grown in sand and exposed to root-zone temperatures of 20 (control), 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 31, and 35 °C in water baths while air temperature was maintained at 20 °C in a growth chamber. Turf quality, leaf cytokinin content, and antioxidant enzyme activities declined at increased soil temperatures and the duration of treatment for both cultivars. A decline in turf quality occurred following 40 days of exposure to 35 °C for `Penn A-4' and 26 days of exposure to 31 °C for `Putter'. The root-zone temperature causing the decline of isopentenyl adenosine and zeatin cytokinins was 25 °C at 37 d for `Putter' and 27 °C at 47 days for `Penn A-4'. The temperature causing the decline of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities was 25 °C and 27 °C at 33 days for `Putter' and 27 °C and 31 °C at 43 days for Penn A-4, respectively. Malondialdehyde content increased at 27 °C for `Putter' and 31 °C for `Penn A-4' at 43 days of treatment. The decline in cytokinin content and antioxidant enzyme activity occurred at a lower soil temperature and earlier during the treatment than the decline in turf quality, possibly contributing to turf quality decline. The root-zone temperatures causing the decline in turf quality, cytokinin content, and oxidative damage were higher in the heat-tolerant cultivar than heat-susceptible cultivar.
Buffer insertion with accurate gate and interconnect delay computation (2003)

Buffer insertion has become a critical step in deep submicron design, and several buffer insertion/sizing algorithms have been proposed in the literature. However, most of these methods use simplified interconnect and gate delay models. These models may lead to inferior solutions since the optimized objective is only an approximation for the actual delay. We propose to integrate accurate wire and gate delay models into Van Ginneken's buffer insertion algorithm (1990) via the propagation of moments and driving point admittances up the routing tree. We have verified the effectiveness of our approach on an industry design.
Propagation of transverse hypersound in solution with stratification region (2007)

The fine structure of the Rayleigh line wing depolarized spectrum in a form of a triplet caused by the light scattering by transverse hypersonic waves was detected in a critical solution with a closed stratification region at low temperatures. The propagation velocity of transverse hypersound and its absorbance were measured. The temperature dependence of the shear modulus in solution was calculated. The temperature dependence of the shear modulus was compared to temperature dependences of limiting bulk elastic moduli. The results obtained suggest that the solution structure changes in passing through the stratification region at changing temperature.
Combined Extraction of Cesium, Strontium, and Actinides from Alkaline Media: An Extension of the Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) Process Technology (2004)

The wastes present at DOE long-term storage sites are usually highly alkaline, and because of this, much of the actinides in these wastes are in the sludge phase. Enough actinide materials still remain in the supernatant liquid that they require separation followed by long-term storage in a geological repository. The removal of these metals from the liquid waste stream would permit their disposal as low-level waste and dramatically reduce the volume of high-level wastes.
Sepsis (2001)

Sepsis is the clinical syndrome denoting systemic inflammatory response to an infection. There is some confusion over the use of the terms “bacteremia” and “septicemia.” Most studies in the United States used the term bacteremia to denote a positive blood culture with evidence of infection. Septicemia was used to denote a state of microbial invasion from a portal of entry into the bloodstream that causes signs of illness. Sepsis syndrome was initially described by Bone et al. to identify a population of patients at risk for adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death (1).
Immunogenetics and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (1976)

Immunological capability is to a substantial extent genetically determined. Because genetic linkage exists between histocompatibility gene loci and certain immune response gene loci, histocompatibility specificities can serve as indicators for the presence of particular inherited immunological traits. In man, certain HLA antigens seem to be associated with immunogenetic traits which result in altered susceptibility to disease with known or suspected viral or autoimmune etiologies. We have found an association between HLA-A3 and "classic" cases of ALS. The A3 antigen was present in 49% of these cases, but not in the more chronic or benign form of the disease. Five out of six "benign" cases carried HLA-B12, suggesting perhaps the presence of a trait conferring resistance to the disease. Epidemiological surveys provide evidence both for and against a correlation between the incidence of ALS and that of HLA-A3 in various population groups. Because of the multiplicity of immune response genes, susceptibility or resistance to ALS in different populations may depend on different immune response genes. The association of a disease with selected HLA antigens or phenotypes might be suggestive of a viral-allergic etiology. Evidence that bears on this hypothesis has been reviewed.
Spectral imaging for complex clinical breast structures (2012)

We have imaged several breast cancer patients at multiple intervals during her neoadjuvant chemotherapy to assess the capability of microwave tomography as a therapy monitoring device. For the patient discussed here, we illustrate the spectral behavior of our tomographic approach in the context of a complex imaging situation with a large scattering tumor along with less frequently encountered structures such as thickened skin in the tumor vicinity. These results demonstrate that the microwave technology is sensitive to dielectric property perturbations associated with treatment-induced physiological changes. In addition, it also confirms previously hypothesized notions that the lower frequency images provide lower resolution but useful counterparts to the enhanced resolution, higher frequency images. This spectral data can be instructive for both UWB radar approaches and multi-frequency or time-domain tomographic approaches. The chemotherapy patients are unique with respect to breast cancer imaging cases in that they usually involve electrically large tumors along with other non-standard features such as extra-thick skin (easily as thick as 1 cm). These large, high contrast features are quite challenging for all types of microwave imaging (radar and tomography-based) and form an important benchmark for testing imaging techniques. For our efforts, we have developed a log transformation as part of the image reconstruction process which we have shown to have superior convergence behavior (i.e. no local minima) while retaining phase wrapping information that is generally lost when only considering more classical minimization criteria. As we will show, this technique requires broadband scattering data which we provide from measurements using our ultrawideband monopole antennas.
Development and Validation of the EXAm Separation Process for Single Am Recycling (2012)

The EXAm process aims at recovering americium alone. The principle of the EXAm process is based on the extraction of americium together with some light lanthanides having close values of distribution coefficients in high nitric acidity, while curium and other lanthanides remain in the aqueous phase. The TEDGA amide molecule is added in the aqueous phase to increase Am/Cm and Am/heavy Ln selectivity, because of the preferential complexation of curium and heavy lanthanides by this diglycolamide. The Am is subsequently selectively stripped from the light lanthanides. The full approach aiming at validating this complex process is illustrated in this paper.
Insulin and cholesterol gallstones: New insights for a complex pathogenic relationship (2008)

Biddinger SB, Haas JT, Yu BB, Bezy O, Jing E, Zhang W, Unterman TG, Carey MC, Kahn CR. Hepatic insulin resistance directly promotes formation of cholesterol gallstones. Nat Med 2008;14:778–782. Abstract Available at: http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/v14/n7/abs/nm1785.html
Tunneling Versus Thermionic Emission in One-Dimensional Semiconductors (2004)

This Letter focuses on the role of contacts and the influence of Schottky barriers on the switching in nanotransistors. Specifically, we discuss (i) the mechanism for injection from a three-dimensional metal into a low-dimensional semiconductor, i.e., the competition between thermionic emission and thermally assisted tunneling, (ii) the factors that affect tunneling probability with emphasis on the importance of the effective mass for transistor applications, and (iii) a novel approach that enables determination of barrier presence and its actual height.
Characterisation of Cyclosporine-Induced Suppressor Cells in Murine Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Responses (1986)

The effect of Cyclosporine A (CsA) on T cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions to murine alloantigens was analysed by transferring spleen cells from sensitised and suppressed mice into irradiated naive recipients. Selective removal of Thy1+, Ly1+ or Ly2+ cells prior to intravenous transfer of cells from alloantigen-sensitised mice showed that Ly1+ Thy1+ cells transferred sensitivity. Concomitant treatment of mice with alloantigen and CsA suppressed the DTH response to alloantigens, and spleen cells transferred from these suppressed mice abrogated the response of sensitised cells transferred at the same time. The suppressor cells were strain-restricted and antigen-specific with the surface phenotype Thy1+, Ly1-Ly2+.
Front Matter (2007)

The ESA Handbook series began in 1994 and continues to this day. Each handbook covers a different variety of insect groups or insecticides. Such groups include but are not limited to turfgrass insects, rangeland insects, and ixodoidea.
Drug Discovery and Development for Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Lessons from Screening Approaches and Future Challenges for Clinical Development (2010)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a progressive pediatric neuromuscular disease. Because disease severity is related to survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels, increasing SMN production from the SMN2 gene has been a major SMA drug-discovery strategy. Cell-based assays using neuronal cell lines and cells from SMA patients have identified compounds that can increase SMN protein expression. Our experience of using such an assay signaled potential risks to be avoided through the use of appropriate secondary assays. In addition to the 'SMN2' approach, compensating for decreased SMN protein or neuroprotection are also potential SMA drug-discovery strategies. SMA clinical trials are now a reality; however, trial design in a slowly progressing rare disease such as SMA will present an interesting future challenge.
Philosophy of EOR (2019)

Abstract This paper seeks answers, through a ‘philosophical’ approach, to the questions of whether enhanced oil recovery projects are purely driven by economic restrictions (i.e. oil prices) or if there are still technical issues to be considered, making companies refrain from enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applications. Another way of approaching these questions is to ask why some EOR projects are successful and long-lasting regardless of substantial fluctuations in oil prices. To find solid answers to these two, by ‘philosophical’ reasoning, further questions were raised including: (1) has sufficient attention been given to the ‘cheapest’ EOR methods such as air and microbial injection, (2) why are we afraid of the most expensive miscible processes that yield high recoveries in the long run, or (3) why is the incubation period (research to field) of EOR projects so lengthy? After a detailed analysis using sustainable EOR example cases and identifying the myths and facts about EOR, both answers to these questions and supportive data were sought. Premises were listed as outcomes to be considered in the decision making and development of EOR projects. Examples of said considerations include: (1) Every EOR process is case-specific and analogies are difficult to make, hence we still need serious efforts for project design and research for specific processes and technologies, (2) discontinuity in fundamental and case-specific research has been one of the essential reasons preventing the continuity of the projects rather than drops in oil prices, and (3) any EOR project can be made economical, if technical success is proven, through proper optimization methods and continuous project monitoring whilst considering the minimal profit that the company can tolerate. Finally, through the ‘philosophical’ reasoning approach and using worldwide successful EOR cases, the following three parameters were found to be the most important factors in running successful EOR applications, regardless of oil prices and risky investment costs, to extend the life span of the reservoir and warrant both short and long-term profit: (1) Proper technical design and implementation of the selected EOR method through continuous monitoring and re-engineering the project (how to apply more than what to apply), (2) good reservoir characterization and geological descriptions and their effect on the mechanics of the EOR process, and (3) paying attention to experience and expertise (human factor). It is believed that the systematic analysis and philosophical approach followed in this paper and the outcome will provide proper guidance to EOR projects for upcoming decades.
<i>N</i>-Butylthiophene-3-carboxamide and 2-Benzylseleno-<i>N</i>-butylthiophene-3-carboxamide at 130K (1997)

In N-butylthiophen-3-carboxamide, C9H13NOS, the N-butylcarboxamide group is almost planar with the aromatic thiophene ring, with the amide N atom cis to C2. In the 2-benzylseleno derivative, C16H19NOSSe, the N-butylcarboxamide group adopts an orientation with the amide O atom cis to C2 and forming a close contact with the Se atom. In both compounds the amide N atom is involved in hydrogen bonding with the O atom of an adjacent molecule forming zigzag chains.