gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quality Control and Standardisation of Absorptiometric and Computer Tomographic Measurements of Bone Mineral Mass and Density (1993)

A lack of standardisation has to be stated for quantitative assessment of bone mineral mass and density. While daily quality control is adequately provided by most manufacturers, there is a general lack of comparibility between different machines. Measurements of the same phantom or patient differ significantly. For dual X ray absorptiometry, differences of 10% or more are reported for the major manufacturers. In quantitative computer tomography, similar differences for measurements of spongiosa density have been found. While reproducibility appears adequate on both types of systems, the need for calibration standards is evident. National and international organisations have demanded standardisation efforts; an initiative started within the European Community (COMAC BME project ‘Quantitative Assessment of Osteoporosis’) appears promising. It provides anthropomorphic phantoms for spine and forearm measurements which are geometrically defined and provide definitions of the true values for all quantities to be measured. Densities and geometric dimensions span the ranges which are found in patients. These new phantoms are described in detail and compared with existing phantoms.
Aging of Human Skin: Review of a Mechanistic Model and First Experimental Data (2000)

The physical, chemical, and biochemical factors that accelerate skin aging have been proposed to activate a self-maintained microinflammatory process, one of the expected end results of which is an imbalance in the turnover of macromolecules in the dermis. Surface peroxides are recognized as controllable factors of skin aging, and their accumulation is attributed to environmentally induced impairment of defense enzymes. Topical application of antioxidants decreases the rate at which skin elasticity and skin thickness are modified.
The ACE I/D polymorphism does not explain heterogeneity of natural course and response to enzyme replacement therapy in Pompe disease (2018)

The majority of children and adults with Pompe disease in the population of European descent carry the leaky splicing GAA variant c.-32-13T>G (IVS1) in combination with a fully deleterious GAA variant on the second allele. The phenotypic spectrum of this patient group is exceptionally broad, with symptom onset ranging from early infancy to late adulthood. In addition, the response to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) varies between patients. The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) has been suggested to be a modifier of disease onset and/or response to ERT. Here, we have investigated the effect of the ACE I/D polymorphism in a relatively large cohort of 131 children and adults with Pompe disease, of whom 112 were followed during treatment with ERT for 5 years. We assessed the use of wheelchair and mechanical ventilation, muscle strength assessed via manual muscle testing and hand-held dynamometry (HHD), distance walked on the six-minute walk test (6MWT), forced vital capacity (FVC) in sitting and supine position and daily-life activities assessed by R-PAct. Cross sectional analysis at first visit showed no differences between the genotypes with respect to age at first symptoms, diagnosis, wheelchair use, or ventilator use. Also response to ERT over 5 years assessed by linear mixed model analyses showed no significant differences between ACE groups for any of the outcome measures. The patient cohort contained 24 families with 54 siblings. Differences in ACE genotype could neither explain inter nor intra familial differences. We conclude that the ACE I/D polymorphism does not explain the large variation in disease severity and response to ERT observed among Pompe patients with the same c.-32-13T>G GAA variant.
Die elektroerosive Bearbeitung (1963)

Unter dem Begriff »Elektroerosion« sollen hier »alle durch elektrische Entladungsvorgänge zwischen zwei Elektroden unter einem Arbeitsmedium hervorgerufenen Abtragungen von elektrisch leitenden Werkstoffen zum Zwecke der Bearbeitung« verstanden werden [2]. Die elektrische Energie wird in Form einer Entladung an der Arbeitsstelle unmittelbar in die zum Abtrag erforderliche Arbeit umgesetzt. Der Werkstückstoff wird mit der zeitlichen Aufeinanderfolge der Entladungen punktweise abgetragen, und durch die Wahl einer geeigneten Entladungsart ist es möglich, die durch das Werkzeug vorgegebene Form im Werkstück abzubilden. Diese letzte Bedingung läßt sich nur mit der Bearbeitung nach dem Funkenverfahren erfüllen. Zum Unterschied gegenüber dem Lichtbogenverfahren ist die Funkenerosion definiert als »das Abtragen durch aufeinander folgende, zeitlich voneinander getrennte, nichtstationäre oder quasistationäre Entladungen. Die Entladungen erfolgen vorwiegend aus Energiespeichern mit Spannungen von mehr als rund 20 V während des Entladungsvorganges in einem isolierenden Arbeitsmedium. « [2]
An α-adrenergic blocker titrated by self-measured blood pressure recordings lowered blood pressure and microalbuminuria in patients with morning hypertension: the Japan Morning Surge-1 Study (2008)

Adding a bedtime dose of an alpha-adrenergic blocker titrated by self-measured morning blood pressure in treated hypertensive patients with uncontrolled morning hypertension significantly reduced blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion rate, particularly in those with microalbuminuria.
The <i>as</i>-Indacenyl Dianion and Bis(<i>as</i>-indacenyliron) (1964)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe as-Indacenyl Dianion and Bis(as-indacenyliron)Thomas J. Katz and Jerome. SchulmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1964, 86, 15, 3169–3170Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1964Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1964https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01069a053RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (247 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Novel Electric-Field Effects in Quantum Wells, Superlattices, and Microcavities (2000)

Abstract : We have used an external electric field to control important properties of semiconductor quantum wells. Specifically: (1) We have modified the exciton-exciton interaction. This interaction is determined by many-body effects, which depend on the overlap between the exciton's electron and hole wavefunctions, and is manifested in the energy difference between photoluminescence spectra with different polarizations. In time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) experiments with circular polarization we have observed that spectral difference, which we controlled by an electric field applied to GaAs-GaAlAs coupled quantum wells. Our results confirm the predictions of theory but also point out its limitations to fully explain our observations. (2) We have reversed the valence-band ordering in strained-layer quantum wells, thus 'undoing' the effects of strain. To prove the concept we have used strained InGaAs-InAlAs quantum wells in which the light-hole state is the ground state in the valence band. Photocurrent measurements under various fields have shown a change in the valence-band states that contribute to the fundamental (lowest-energy) transition, from light-hole states to heavy-hole states. This result opens the door to reversing the polarization of light emission in quantum wells, from TM to TE, which could find application in optical modulators. (3) We have shown the presence of low-temperature exciton-photon coupling in microcavities using PL spectroscopy. Because of thermalization until now it has been almost impossible to use PL to study at low temperature (T = 20K or less) the coupling of excitons and photons. We have determined the difference between the lowest-energy PL peak from a quantum well-microcavity system and that of an isolated quantum well, at various temperatures. This difference is constant with T when a field is applied but is T dependent when the field is suppressed. The maximum variation is a direct measure of the exciton-photon coupling.
Ruthenium Complexes as DNA Photonucleases in Treatment of Malignant Skin Carcinoma (2010)

A variety of Ruthenium complexes possessing terpyridine complexes as ligands in their coordination sphere have been investigated extensively as DNA photo nucleases in vitro. This work has led to the realization that compounds of Ruthenium bind to DNA purines and that the interactions are of an unprecedented bridging variety. Owing to the molar absorptivity of these complexes in the visible region, direct cleavage of duplex DNA by these complexes requires irradiation in the range of 400-500 nm. Although the observation of DNA photo cleavage in vitro makes these systems good candidates for further investigation, it does not provide any information on whether the compounds would enter cells in vivo, cause cellular damage or death, or be able to penetrate the nucleus to affect DNA photo cleavage. In the present study, we explore the DNA photo cleavage using gel electrophoresis, cytotoxicity, photocytotoxicity and nuclear DNA damage by the Ruthenium compounds, which were recently shown to possess an emissive, pH- dependent ligand centered excited state.
A nonvirulent mutant of Listeria monocytogenes does not move intracellularly but still induces polymerization of actin (1990)

Listeria monocytogenes has the capacity to penetrate and multiply within professional and nonprofessional phagocytic cells, such as the Caco-2 human enterocytelike cell line. It was shown recently that shortly after listeriae have been phagocytosed, the phagosomal membrane is dissolved, probably by the action of the bacterial cytolysin listeriolysin O. The listeriae, which are then lying obviously free in the cytoplasm, become surrounded by a coat of actin filaments within a few hours. Once formed, this layer of actin filaments is reorganized in an as yet unknown way to form polar tails, which seem to be associated to the generation of listerial movement inside the cytoplasm and in intercellular spread. By using transposon Tn916 mutagenesis, a bank of L. monocytogenes mutants was generated and subsequently screened by the plaque assay system in order to select an intracellular, nonmotile mutant of L. monocytogenes. One such mutant was identified. This mutant, called L. monocytogenes M117 Imt- (for intracellular motility), like the wild type, induced actin polymerization but was not able to rearrange the actin coat to generate movement and as a result remained entrapped within the actin cloud. In a mouse virulence assay, this strain was significantly reduced in virulence. L. monocytogenes M117 is the first example to date of a Listeria mutant which is still hemolytic and invasive but reduced in virulence.
SELF-SCANNING LINEAR DIODE ARRAY DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY. (1982)

The development of high resolution, self-scanning, solid state linear diode arrays and fast computer memories allows for the construction of an imaging system which overcomes many of the limitations associated with current x-ray film-screen and TV-fluoroscopy systems. In our digital radiography method, a fan-shaped x-ray beam illuminates a phosphor screen that is fiber optically coupled to a row of self-scanning, linear diode arrays whose output is then digitized and transmitted to a computer for storage, display and processing. This technique images small density differences which permits the visualization of vessels and lesions with intravenous administration of radiopaque contrast media rather than the invasive method of directly introducing contrast into the artertes. The fact that images are recorded in a digital memory allows for greater flexibility for processing and display of these images.
EyePlay (2014)

What new challenges does the combination of games and eye-tracking present? The EyePlay workshop brings together researchers and industry specialists from the fields of eye-tracking and games to address this question. Eye-tracking been investigated extensively in a variety of domains in human-computer Interaction, but little attention has been given to its application for gaming. As eye-tracking technology is now an affordable commodity, its appeal as a sensing technology for games is set to become the driving force for novel methods of player-computer interaction and games evaluation. This workshop presents a forum for eye-based gaming research, with a focus on identifying the opportunities that eye-tracking brings to games design and research, on plotting the landscape of the work in this area, and on formalising a research agenda for EyePlay as a field. Possible topics are, but not limited to, novel interaction techniques and game mechanics, usability and evaluation, accessibility, learning, and serious games contexts.
Bodies in Unsteady Flow. (1987)

Abstract : Reports research accomplished on: Vortex shedding from a cylinder; Development of a floating element gauge for measuring shear stress; Axisymmetric towed hydrophone housing; and Experimental study of a thick axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer. Keywords: Vortex shedding; Shear stress; Towed body; Axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer.
3D Panoramic Mosaiciking in 3D Image Image Mosaicking for Far-range Urban Area Visualization (2005)

3D image mosaicking is useful for 3D visualization of the roadside scene of urban area by projecting 2D images to the 3D planes. When a sequence of images are filmed from a side-looking video camera passing long distance areas, the ghost effect in which same objects appear repeatively occurs. To suppress such ghost effect, the long distance range areas are detected by using the distance between the image frame and the 3D coordinate of tracked optical flows. The ghost effects are suppressed by projecting the part of image frames onto 3D multiple planes utilizing vectors passing the focal point of frames and a virtual focal point. The virtual focal point is calculated by utilizing the first and last frames of the long distance range areas. We demonstrate an algorithm that creates efficient 3D panoramic mosaics without the ghost effect at the long distance area.
Novel “Flow Injection” Channel Flow Cell for the Investigation of Processes at Solid−Liquid Interfaces. 1. Theory (1997)

A novel “flow injection” channel flow cell is described which enables transient phenomena at the solid−liquid interface to be investigated. In the cell the solution reactant is injected into the main channel of a flow cell upstream from, and through the opposite wall from, the solid substrate. A detector electrode is positioned downstream of the latter so that current−time transients can be used to infer the kinetics and mechanism of processes at the solid−liquid interface. The performance of the cell was theoretically modeled using FLOTRAN. It was shown that the “injection” of reactant causes only very minor disturbance to the main channel flow. This facilitates the assumption of Poiseuille flow in the channel so as to enable the numerical interpretation of the current−time transients.
Visual Data Mining in Large Geospatial Point Sets (2004)

Visual data-mining techniques have proven valuable in exploratory data analysis, and they have strong potential in the exploration of large databases. Detecting interesting local patterns in large data sets is a key research challenge. Particularly challenging today is finding and deploying efficient and scalable visualization strategies for exploring large geospatial data sets. One way is to share ideas from the statistics and machine-learning disciplines with ideas and methods from the information and geo-visualization disciplines. PixelMaps in the Waldo system demonstrates how data mining can be successfully integrated with interactive visualization. The increasing scale and complexity of data analysis problems require tighter integration of interactive geospatial data visualization with statistical data-mining algorithms.
Functional assessment of the autotransplanted uterus and ovary in the ewe (1976)

Abstract The ovary, uterus or ovary and uterus were autotransplanted to the neck of the ewe. The success rate in transplanting the ovary alone (17/22) or the ovary with the uterus (7/9) was much higher than transplantation of the uterus alone (3/8). Angiographic evidence was obtained for the patency of the uterine and ovarian arteries anastomosed to the carotid artery and utero-ovarian vein anastomosed to the jugular vein in ewes with all three types of autotransplants. Ewes with utero-ovarian autotransplants showed regular oestrous cycles and had normal luteal phases, as judged by the pattern of progesterone concentration in peripheral jugular venous plasma. However, ewes with ovarian autotransplants failed to show oestrus due to maintenance of the corpus luteum as indicated by the fact that the concentration of progesterone remained elevated for up to 220 days. The relatively high success rate in this series indicates that more extensive use could be made of these techniques.
Risk-Informing Flooding Hazard Analysis. (2013)

Abstract not provided.
How cryptic is distorted speech? (1985)

A series of tests was conducted examining the ability of native Swedish speakers to learn to comprehend phonologically distorted speech. Two versions of the same text were produced: one with a heavy Chinese accent and one with an artificially produced accent (Cryptic) which was very different in character from the Chinese one. Two groups of 22 subjects listened to either one of the versions. A list of isolated words produced only with the Cryptic accent followed both of the text versions. A third group, acting as a control, listened only to the isolated Cryptic word list. It was shown that the group exposed to the Cryptic text version had almost double the comprehension of the word list as those exposed to either the Chinese accent or to no text prior to the list—both performing equally poorly. We conclude that learning to compensate for a particular accent is specific to that accent and its comprehension will not be augmented by prior exposure to a very different accent, and that this result should hold true for distortions in general. [Work supported by HSFR.]
Uniform circular arrays for smart antennas (2004)

One of the most recent innovations to overcome the demands for increased capacity nowadays, is that of deploying smart antennas for wireless communications. A smart or adaptive antenna is defined as one that combines multiple antenna elements with a signal processing capability to optimize its radiation or reception pattern automatically, in response to the signal environment. The paper concentrates on the use of circular arrays for smart antennas. An overview of smart antennas is provided. The necessity for implementing uniform circular arrays (UCAs) for adaptive antennas and several adaptive algorithms applicable to UCAs are mentioned. For the simulation process, a specific UCA configuration has been examined, where adaptive beamforming was performed in both azimuth and elevation (for fixed elevation and azimuth angles, respectively) according to certain requirements in the design (directions of signals of interest and signals not of interest) imposed by the wireless environment.
Protein kinase C-mediated preconditioning of cardiac myocytes: role of adenosine receptor and KATP channel (1997)

Activation of the adenosine receptor, protein kinase C (PKC), and the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel is known to induce preconditioning. The objective here was to determine the signaling role of the adenosine receptor, PKC, and the KATP channel and the temporal sequence of activation of these three mediators in preconditioning of cardiac myocytes. Chick embryo ventricular myocytes were used as a myocyte model of preconditioning. Brief hypoxic or adenosine exposure preconditioned the myocytes, and the PKC inhibitors chelerythrine or calphostin C blocked this preconditioning effect, suggesting that PKC is an effector distal to the adenosine receptor in initiating the hypoxia- or adenosine-induced preconditioning. The PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), but not the inactive phorbol 4 alpha-phorbol [2,13-didecanoate or 4 alpha-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, could precondition the myocyte; the PMA-induced preconditioning effect was blocked by chelerythrine or calphostin C. Glibenclamide or 5-hydroxydecanoate, when present during a 5-min exposure to PMA or a 90-min hypoxic period, blocked the PMA-induced preconditioning. However, the presence of 8-sulfophenyltheophylline during exposure to PMA failed to block the PMA-induced preconditioning, whereas 8-sulfophenyltheophylline was able to abolish this preconditioning effect when added during the 90-min hypoxic period. The data provide direct evidence that the KATP channel, not the adenosine receptor, is the effector down-stream from PKC in initiating PKC-mediated preconditioning. Both the adenosine receptor and KATP channel are required to exert the actual protective effect during the sustained hypoxia.
Evidence for the Existence of a Terminal Imidoscandium Compound: Intermolecular CH Activation and Complexation Reactions with the Transient ScNAr Species (2008)

Don't blink or you'll miss it: A transient imidoscandium complex (see scheme) can be generated by several routes. The imido ligand can activate the CH bond in pyridine and benzene, and it can be complexed with Al(CH3)3 to yield an imide zwitterion. A combination of isotopic labeling, reactivity, and theoretical studies strongly endorse formation of a terminal imido ligand at scandium. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Low noise near infra-red detection system using InGaAs <i>pin</i> photodiode (1993)

A low noise detection system using an pin photodiode for near infra-red spectroscopic measurement was developed. The InGaAs pin photodiode is more suitable than the Ge pin photodiode for detecting low level light as regards dark current and quantum efficiency. The detection system consists of an InGaAs pin photodiode with a charge integrating amplifier (InGaAs-CIA) operated at 77 K. The minimum detectable power of 10−16 W was achieved at 1.28 μm wavelength.