gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An adaptive predistortion RF power amplifier with a spectrum monitor for multicarrier WCDMA applications (2005)

This paper presents an adaptive predistortion RF power amplifier for repeater systems with a spectrum monitor. For adaptive control of cancellation, we implement a spectrum monitor that improves the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) characteristics of the power amplifier by analyzing the output spectrums of RF power amplifiers directly and simultaneously. For experimental validation, we also implement a class-AB RF power amplifier that adopts a predistortion linearizer with the spectrum monitor and measure the characteristics for the wide-band code division multiple access (WCDMA) band. With an optimum gate bias voltage of the power amplifier, ACLRs of 22 and 20.5 dB are improved for the cases of one- and four-carrier WCDMA applications, respectively. The predistortion power amplifier with the spectrum monitor delivers a P <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">out</sub> of 37.5 dBm with an ACLR of -45 dBc for four-carrier WCDMA applications. Furthermore, excellent ACLR characteristics are consistently maintained with the minimization algorithm by adaptively controlling the vector modulator in the predistorter under various environments that include varying input power levels, temperatures, and operating frequencies
Duocarmycin Analogues Target Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 in Lung Cancer Cells (2012)

Reacquiring the target: A proteomic profiling approach has been used to show that aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 may be an additional or alternative target of duocarmycin. Selective inhibition of this enzyme in lung cancer cells explains the antitumor activity of duocarmycin analogues (see scheme). Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Stabilization of a Nutraceutical Omega‐3 Fatty Acid by Encapsulation in Ultrathin Electrosprayed Zein Prolamine (2010)

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid of the omega-3 series (omega-3), which exerts strong positive influences on human health. The target of this study was the stabilization by encapsulation of this bioactive ingredient in zein ultrathin capsules produced by electrospraying. The zein ultrathin DHA encapsulation was observed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to be more efficient against degradation under both ambient conditions and in a confined space (so-called headspace experiment). In the latter case, that more closely simulates a sealed food packaging situation, the bioactive DHA was considerably more stable. By fitting the degradation data to a specific auto-decomposition food lipids kinetic model, it was seen that the encapsulated omega-3 fatty acid showed a 2.5-fold reduction in the degradation rate constant and also had much higher degradation induction time. Moreover, the ultrathin zein-DHA capsules resulted to be more stable across relative humidity and temperature. Finally, headspace analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry showed that the presence of 3 main flavor-influencing aldehydes in the headspace was much lower in the zein encapsulated DHA, suggesting that the encapsulated bioactive also releases much less off-flavors. Electrosprayed ultrathin capsules of zein are shown to exhibit potential in the design of novel functional foods or bioactive packaging strategies to enhance the stability of functional ingredients. Practical Application: This article presents a novel methodology for the stabilization by encapsulation of omega 3 nutraceuticals via electrospraying and has potential application in the development of functional foods.
SOCRATES: a highly efficient automatic test pattern generation system (1988)

An automatic test pattern generation system, SOCRATES, is presented. SOCRATES includes several novel concepts and techniques that significantly improve and accelerate the automatic test pattern generation process for combinational and scan-based circuits. Based on the FAN algorithm, improved implication, sensitization, and multiple backtrace procedures are described. The application of these techniques leads to a considerable reduction of the number of backtrackings and an earlier recognition of conflicts and redundancies. Several experiments using a set of combinational benchmark circuits demonstrate the efficiency of SOCRATES and its cost-effectiveness, even in a workstation environment.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Applications of big data to smart cities (2015)

Many governments are considering adopting the smart city concept in their cities and implementing big data applications that support smart city components to reach the required level of sustainability and improve the living standards. Smart cities utilize multiple technologies to improve the performance of health, transportation, energy, education, and water services leading to higher levels of comfort of their citizens. This involves reducing costs and resource consumption in addition to more effectively and actively engaging with their citizens. One of the recent technologies that has a huge potential to enhance smart city services is big data analytics. As digitization has become an integral part of everyday life, data collection has resulted in the accumulation of huge amounts of data that can be used in various beneficial application domains. Effective analysis and utilization of big data is a key factor for success in many business and service domains, including the smart city domain. This paper reviews the applications of big data to support smart cities. It discusses and compares different definitions of the smart city and big data and explores the opportunities, challenges and benefits of incorporating big data applications for smart cities. In addition it attempts to identify the requirements that support the implementation of big data applications for smart city services. The review reveals that several opportunities are available for utilizing big data in smart cities; however, there are still many issues and challenges to be addressed to achieve better utilization of this technology.
In-situ H2 production via low temperature decomposition of ammonia: Insights into the role of cesium as a promoter (2014)

Cesium-promoted ruthenium nanoparticles supported on multi-walled carbon nanotubes catalysts are shown to be highly active for hydrogen production by ammonia decomposition. Its low temperature activity is significantly improved as the cesium loading increases, reducing the activation energy from 96.7 kJ/mol in the absence of cesium to 59.3 kJ/mol with a cesium/ruthenium molar ratio of 3. Hydrogen production was observed to proceed below 590 K which represents a breakthrough towards the use of ammonia as chemical storage for in-situ hydrogen production on fuel cells. The catalytic enhancement is shown to be due to the electronic modification of ruthenium by the electron donating cesium promoter located on the ruthenium surface and in close proximity on the CNT surface. However, higher promoter loadings above a cesium/ruthenium ratio of 3 leads to ammonia inaccessibility to the catalytic active sites.
Recurrent Basal Cell Carcinoma After Incomplete Resection (2000)

Because it is more difficult to control recurrent BCC, treating tumor remaining at the margin of resection in the immediate postoperative period could result in less extensive surgery.
The amino acid sequence of Limulus C-reactive protein. Evidence of polymorphism. (1986)

The amino acid sequence, the positions of the disulfide bonds, and the site of glycosylation for the three subunits of Limulus C-reactive proteins (CRPs) 1.1, 1.4, and 3.3 have been established. The three subunits were shown to exist approximately in equimolar amount and are tightly associated. The hexagonal structure of Limulus CRP, as revealed by electron microscopic studies of Fernandez-Moran et al. (Fernandez-Moran, H., Marchalonis, J., and Edelman, G. M. (1968) J. Mol. Biol. 32, 467-469) might consist of two each of the subunits. The three subunits share an identical amino-terminal sequence of 44 residues and a carboxyl-terminal sequence from residues 206 to 218. Microheterogeneity exists to the extent of 10 to 11% for the entire protein. The positions of 6 half-cystines that form the three disulfide bonds and the site of glycosylation are constant in all subunits. Sequence analyses of peptides derived from enzymatic and chemical cleavages of affinity purified Limulus CRP indicate that subunits other than the three mentioned above exist in the hemolymph. Limulus CRP is therefore polymorphic. Topological analyses of Limulus CRPs, human CRP, rabbit CRP, human amyloid P-component, and Syrian hamster female protein indicate that the seven proteins may originate from the same ancestral gene. Using the topological data generated from the amino acid sequences of the proteins, we calculate that human and Limulus CRPs diverged about 500 million years ago. This figure is in general agreement with the evolutionary distance postulated by anthropological estimation of 400-500 million years.
Random walk point spread functions—characteristics and applications (1992)

Characteristics of the random walk point spread function (psf) consisting of a set of N impulses randomly distributed within a pre scribed region in space and the associated transfer function are presented. We show that the effect of the multiple point psf is similar to that of a low pass filter having a peak value proportional to N 2 and an asymptotic value proportional to N at high spatial frequencies. The occurrence of zeros in the transfer function is also considered. A statistical argument is used to demonstrate that the zeros for this special transfer function present little difficulty in recovering images blurred by the random walk psf. This result is verified numerically, and we present a table summarizing the number of zeros per unit area for several common blur functions. The effects of the number of impulses and their spatial distributions on the occurrence of zeros is also considered. The relatively few number of zeros in the transfer function permits high fidelity reconstructions to be obtained by using a modified inverse filter. Several images are coded and recovered to show the general applicability of the method. Additionally, the low pass nature of the blur function allows improved compression ratios to be achieved by using the coded image, as compared to the original scene. We describe the noise using a quality factor to characterize the decompressed and decoded images. Excellent recovery is obtained.
A New Environment for Navies? (1984)

Maritime strategy has never been determined in a vacuum but always in a real world of constantly changing conditions. The works of the great naval writers like Mahan and Corbett can be seen, in fact, as a record of the way in which maritime strategy has adapted to those changes. But the extent of environmental change occasionally seemed to require something more drastic than mere adaptation; it seemed to call for some concepts to be totally discarded and others brought in to replace them. In modern conditions, the wisdom of past masters of the naval art might therefore be misleading, irrevelant or even downright dangerous, at least as a guide to present and future policy. This view has never been more widely held than it is now. Primarily it is a reaction to changes seen over the past generation or so in the political, economic, legal and technological environment of maritime strategy. The next step, therefore, must be briefly to consider these changes.KeywordsNuclear WeaponCoastal StateExclusive Economic ZoneGeneva ConventionMerchant ShipThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Diffusion de la RSE au sein d'une entreprise agro-alimentaire : les conditions perçues a priori de l'apprentissage de la norme ISO 26000 (2012)

L’article vise à comprendre les conditions d’acceptation et d’appropriation de l’ISO 26000 au sein d’une entreprise. Sur la base des processus d’émergence de l’apprentissage organisationnel (Crossan et al., 1999), l’interprétation, l’intégration et l’institutionnalisation attendue de l’ISO 26000 par les salariés d’une ETI/PME agro-alimentaire sont analysées. Il est observé que la nécessité de comprendre et d’adapter cette norme universelle aux contextes et spécificités d’une entreprise de moyenne taille, le coût et le temps requis pour la déployer, ainsi que la complexité de la norme représentent des contraintes perçues. Mais celles-ci sont dépassées par « la » dimension transcendantale du projet sous-tendue par la norme et par sa capacité à structurer et à mettre en cohérence les actions de l’entreprise déjà orientées vers l’environnement et le social.
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation with Limoge's Currents Decreases Halothane Requirements in Rats Evidence for the Involvement of Endogenous Opioids (1992)

Transcutaneous cranial electrical stimulation with Limoge's currents has been shown to facilitate anesthesia/analgesia in surgical patients. However, the neurobiologic substrate of this effect remains unknown. The present study was designed to analyze the influence of transcranial electrical stimulation (TCES) on halothane requirements in rats and the contribution of the central endogenous opioid, alpha 2-adrenergic and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT1 and 5-HT2) serotonergic systems to this effect. The influence of TCES on the MAC of halothane (MACH) and its reversibility by a subcutaneous 2 mg/kg naloxone injection were first determined in 20 rats using a randomized blinded protocol. MACH was decreased markedly in stimulated animals (TCES, n = 10) in comparison with sham-operated nonstimulated rats (controls, n = 10): MACH = 0.60 +/- 0.15, mean +/- SD, versus 1.07 +/- 0.05 vol%, P less than 0.001. In TCES animals, naloxone administration restored MACH values to the levels of controls but failed to affect MACH in controls. The influence of the duration of TCES applied prior to MACH determination was further investigated in 30 animals. The magnitude of MACH reduction was significantly increased with the cumulative duration of stimulation. For each duration of stimulation tested, administration of a 5-micrograms intracerebroventricular (icv) dose of the enkephalinase inhibitor thiorphan significantly enhanced TCES effects (P less than 0.05). Finally, the icv administration of a 15-micrograms naloxone dose appeared to reverse completely the MACH reduction elicited by TCES (n = 8, P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Optical fiber sensing and communication systems using fiber and microchip laser sources (2004)

Fiber optic strain sensor systems using fiber Bragg grating have been developed in our Section with time demultiplexing phase stabilized feed back Fabry-Perot tunable filter and signal processing technologies. The system can resolve < 1 μ strain, with measuring range of 4000 μ strain; and can monitor 20 points simultaneously. It has been used in real time long term hazard investigation and warning system on the bridges and traffic high-pass ways. The data from these smart fiber optic distributed stress and strain sensing systems had constantly been observed with satisfactory results. Our fiber optic communication system is a bi-directional audio-video and data signal transmission system. The source laser diodes are TE cooled with temperature control circuits. The system is dual audio bi-directional transmission and receiving channel with bandwidth 4.8 KHz. Video one direction transmission and receiving, meets NTSC specification with bandwidth 6 MHz. Dual data signals bi-directional transmission adn receiving channel, meets RS-232C specification and the Buad rate are 9.6 Kbps. The sstems are carefully designed and fabricated to meet the environmental wide temperature range conditions as well as high vibration and shock mobile transportation.
The Trypanocidal Activity of Nucleocidin against Trypanosoma vivax in West African Zebu Cattle (1960)

Lorne Edwin Stephen, Arthur Ross Gray, The Trypanocidal Activity of Nucleocidin against Trypanosoma vivax in West African Zebu Cattle, The Journal of Parasitology, Vol. 46, No. 4 (Aug., 1960), pp. 509-514
Bioassay-Directed Identification of Estrogen Residues in Urine by Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (2004)

A new approach to the search for residues of known and unknown estrogens in calf urine is presented. Following enzymatic deconjugation and solid-phase extraction, a minor part of the samples is screened for estrogen activity using a recently developed rapid reporter gene bioassay. The remainder of the bioactive extracts is analyzed by gradient liquid chromatography (LC) with, in parallel, bioactivity and mass spectrometric detection via effluent splitting toward a 96-well fraction collector and an electrospray quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (QTOFMS). The LC fractions in the 96-well plate are used for the detection of estrogen activity using the bioassay. The biogram obtained features a 20-s time resolution, and the suspect well numbers can be easily correlated with the LC/QTOFMS retention time. The mass spectral data from the thus assigned relevant parts of the chromatograms are background subtracted, followed by accurate mass measurement, element composition calculation, and identification. The method allows estrogen activity detection and identification of (un)known estrogens in urine at the 1-2 ng/L level, in compliance with current residue analysis performance for hormone abuse in cattle. The applicability of this LC/bioassay/QTOFMS approach for the identification of estrogens in real-life samples is demonstrated by the analysis of several calf urine samples, and preliminary data from a pig feed sample.
A knowledge based scheme for computer aided mechanical engineering design (1989)

A system for computer-aided mechanical engineering design is presented. The system adopts multi-inheritance frames as a scheme for knowledge representation and includes a design module that involves dynamic lists and weighted elements as a mechanism for learning. A common-sense knowledge module is added to enhance the representation of the design experience and assembly rules.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
PC‐Based product‐selection systems to enhance fire safety in construction (1992)

Abstract Growing use of PCs in offices has been accompanied by increasing dependence on these systems to accomplish construction/specification and CAD‐based design tasks. The combination of product performance and characteristic data with PC‐based data storage and retrieval techniques is a newly developed example of this. Storage techniques utilized range from floppy disks on single systems through those loaded to hard disks or ROM systems, such as compact disks containing hundreds of megabytes of information. The combination of artificial intelligence techniques to aid the specifier are particularly useful where complex code‐mandated fire performance requirements exist. Using through penetration fire‐stopping technology as an example illustrates how such technology can assist architects, designers and specifiers. Computer workstations—both PCs and Macs—are increasingly finding their way into the design and specification work implicit in constructing buildings. Because of the growing complexity of requirements for fire performance of these structures, use of computer‐based systems to aid in choosing the right components to maintain fire safety levels makes good sense. Coupling artificial intelligence approaches—i.e. quasi‐expert systems—to selection of such products with viewing of drawings can reduce design professionals' work loads and provide increased advantages for designers, specifiers, enforcement officials and product manufacturers and marketers.
On t-error correcting/all unidirectional error detecting codes (1989)

The authors present families of binary systematics codes that can correct t random errors and detect more than t unidirectional errors. The first step of the construction is encoding the k information symbols into a codeword of an (n', k, 2t+1) error-correcting code. The second step involves adding more bits to this linear error-correcting code in order to obtain the detection capability of all unidirectional errors. Asymmetric error-correcting codes turn out to be a powerful tool in the proposed construction. The resulting codes significantly improve previous results. Asymptotic estimates and decoding algorithms are presented.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Silicon Compounds, Inorganic (2000)

Abstract The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Silicon Hydrides 2.1. Monosilane 2.2. Disilane 2.3. Purification 2.4. Uses 2.5. Safety Measures 2.6. Photochemistry 3. Silicon Halides 3.1. Trichlorosilane 3.1.1. Preparation from Elemental Silicon 3.1.2. Preparation from Tetrachlorosilane 3.1.3. Purification 3.1.4. Waste Disposal 3.1.5. Uses 3.2. Tetrachlorosilane 3.2.1. Production 3.2.2. Purification 3.2.3. Uses 3.3. Hexachlorodisilane 3.3.1. Production 3.3.2. Uses 3.4. Other Silicon Chlorides 3.5. Silicon Fluorides 3.6. Silicon Bromides 3.7. Silicon Iodides 4. Silicon Oxides 4.1. Silicon Monoxide 4.1.1. Production 4.1.2. Properties 4.1.3. Uses 4.2. Silicon Sesquioxides 4.3. Other Silicon ‐ Oxygen Compounds 5. Silicon Sulfides 6. Silicon Nitrogen Compounds 7. Silicon Borides
Lipopolysaccharide, Mediator of Sepsis Enigma: Recognition and Signaling (2011)

The outer leaflet of Gram-negative bacterial membrane contains a great amount of lipopolysaccharides, also known as endotoxins, which play a central role in the pathogenesis of sepsis and ultimately septic shock. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is potent inducer of acute sepsis or chronic inflammation. Sepsis can strike anyone, but is most likely to develop from infection associated with events such as pneumonia, trauma, surgery, and burns, or serious illnesses such as cancer and AIDS. In fact, people whose deaths are ascribed to complications of cancer, AIDS, or pneumonia, often actually die as a direct result of sepsis. Sepsis involves a complex interaction between bacterial toxins and the host immune system. LPS stimulates Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 which leads to the formation and release of range of proinflammatory mediators which are essential for the potent immune response. The massive host response to this single bacterial pattern recognition molecule is sufficient to generate diffuse endothelial injury, tissue hypoperfusion, disseminated intravascular coagulation and refractory shock. LPS recognition involves LPS binding protein (LBP), CD14 ending up in TLR4/MD-2/LPS complex. The complex leads to activation of TLR4 and subsequent signaling cascade via two pathways i. e., myeloid differentiation protein 88 (MyD88)-dependent and TRIF-dependent. Here is a brief review of TLR4 signaling and LPS recognition biology with its impact if any on downstream pathways.
A Proof-Of-Principle Study of Epigenetic Therapy Added to Neoadjuvant Doxorubicin Cyclophosphamide for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (2006)

Hydralazine and magnesium valproate produce DNA demethylation, HDAC inhibition, and gene reactivation in primary tumors. Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide treatment is safe, well-tolerated, and appears to increase the efficacy of chemotherapy. A randomized phase III study is ongoing to support the efficacy of so-called epigenetic or transcriptional cancer therapy.