gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A mouse model for chronic lymphocytic leukemia based on expression of the SV40 large T antigen (2009)

The simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigen is a potent oncogene able to transform many cell types and has been implicated in leukemia and lymphoma. In this report, we have achieved sporadic SV40 T-antigen expression in mature B cells in mice, by insertion of a SV40 T antigen gene in opposite transcriptional orientation in the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy (H) chain locus between the D and J(H) segments. SV40 T-antigen expression appeared to result from retention of the targeted germline allele and concomitant antisense transcription of SV40 large T in mature B cells, leading to chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although B-cell development was unperturbed in young mice, aging mice showed accumulation of a monoclonal B-cell population in which the targeted IgH allele was in germline configuration and the wild-type IgH allele had a productive V(D)J recombination. These leukemic B cells were IgD(low)CD5(+) and manifested nonrandom usage of V, D, and J segments. V(H) regions were either unmutated, with preferential usage of the VH11 family, or manifested extensive somatic hypermutation. Our findings provide an animal model for B-CLL and show that pathways activated by SV40 T antigen play important roles in the pathogenesis of B-CLL.
Nonlinear optical properties of near-infrared region Ag<sub>2</sub>S quantum dots pumped by nanosecond laser pulses (2015)

This study investigates near-infrared region Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) and their nonlinear optical response under 532 nm nanosecond laser pulses. Our experimental result shows that nonlinear transmission is reduced from 0.084 to 0.04. The observed narrowing behavior of the output pulse width shows superior optical limiting. We discuss the physical mechanisms responsible for the nonlinear optical response of the QDs. The average size of the nanocrystals was 5.5 nm. Our results suggest the possibility of using these Ag2S QDs for photoelectric, biosensor, optical ranging, and self-adaptive technologies.
An energy-complexity model for VLSI computations (1995)

An energy-complexity model for CSP programs to be implemented in CMOS VLSI is developed. This model predicts with some accuracy the energy dissipation of the asynchronous VLSI implementation of a CSP program, associated to a given trace of that program. This energy-complexity is used in the analysis of CSP programs, in order to optimize this high-level representation of asynchronous circuits for energy efficiency. A lower bound to the energy-complexity of a CSP program is derived, based on the information theoretical entropy per symbol of the input/output behavior of the CSP program. This lower bound abstracts the specification of the circuit (that is, its input/output behavior), from the implementation of the specification (that is, the text of the program), and therefore applies to any program that meets the specification. A number of techniques are presented to write programs of low energy-complexity, and are applied to several examples.
To link the high level representation of circuits to the CMOS representation, several circuits are analyzed to provide standard translations for basic CSP operators into CMOS. In particular, a method for pipelining bus transfers using the sense-amplifier of the bus as a register is proposed.
Incidence of Campylobacter jejuni in Processed Egg Products (1988)

Egg samples were obtained from two commercial egg-processing facilities to determine if Campylobacter jejuni could be isolated from the raw product or from further-processed egg products intended for human consumption. No C. jejuni were detected in any of the egg or egg-product samples or from water samples collected from the overflow of the egg washer. Campylobacter jejuni was recovered from all control samples, which had been inoculated at the plants. These findings suggest that properly processed egg products are an extremely unlikely source of C. jejuni contamination.
Single or Multiple Sourcing: An integrated Optimization Framework for Sustaining Time-Based Competitiveness (1998)

This paper establishes an integrated framework that incorporates significant factors from the literature to date into joint decisions of sourcing and lot sizing. As many winning companies are switching from doing business with many suppliers to few suppliers, selecting competitive suppliers and maintaining time-based competitiveness have become more and more important. We develop an optimization procedure that can be conveniently implemented on a spreadsheet to determine the optimal number of sources and the lot size. Our sensitivity analysis shows that the impact of transportation on the sourcing and lot sizing decisions is significant.
The report of Tuberculosis condition from 2002 to 2004 in Chaoyang district (2009)

Objective Understand law of Tuberculosis in last few years in Chaoyang district,explore reason of Tuberculosis.Methods Through analyse Tuberculosis occuring situation,professional distribution,time law,age sex partition in near 3 years.Results The condition that Tuberculosis occuriag rose year by year in all district,rural population are more than town resident,the illness incidence of middle-aged is high.Conclusions It is the effective channel that reduces Tuberculosis illness incidence,through emphasize the medical guarantee of rural peasant,strengthen knowledge propaganda of preventing Tuberculosis,improvement surroundings,raise healthy level.

Key words: 
Tuberculosis; Inquiry; Report
3D Tracking and Positioning of Surgical Instruments in Virtual Surgery Simulation (2011)

3D tracking and positioning of surgical instruments is an indispensable part of virtual Surgery training system, because it is the unique interface for trainee to communicate with virtual environment. A suit of 3D tracking and positioning of surgical instruments based on stereoscopic vision is proposed. It can capture spatial movements of simulated surgical instrument in real time, and provide 6 degree of freedom information with the absolute error of less than 1 mm. The experimental results show that the 3D tracking and positioning of surgical instruments is highly accurate, easily operated, and inexpensive. Combining with force sensor and embedded acquisition device, this 3D tracking and positioning method can be used as a measurement platform of physical parameters to realize the measurement of soft tissue parameters.
Response of a Bi12SiO20 Pockels readout optical modulator to x rays (1979)

Response of a Pockels readout optical modulator to x rays has been measured. Sensitivity data and results of cursory imaging experiments suggest novel applications such as on-line radiography.
Factors Affecting Rate Capability of Graphite Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries (2003)

Kinetic problems associated with rate capability of graphite electrode were examined by impedance measurement, current-pulse relaxation technique, and voltage-step chronoamperometry. The impedance and current-pulse relaxation data showed a diffusion behavior. The diffusion behavior was examined as to which process is reflected on the data, i.e., lithium-ion transport in a graphite solid matrix or in a liquid electrolyte, using a lithium electrode substituting for the lithiated graphite electrode and using the same electrolyte, separator, and cell. It was shown that the diffusion behavior observed for the lithiated graphite electrode was the same as that of lithium electrode reflecting lithium salt diffusion in the electrolyte. To examine specifically whether or not lithium transport in the solid matrix is responsible for the rate capability, the voltage-step chronoamperometry of lithiated graphite electrodes having different porosity in the electrode mix was carried out. The current per graphite sample weight was highly dependent on the porosity, confirming that the rate capability problem is not due to lithium transport in the solid matrix. From these results, factors affecting the rate capability of graphite negative electrodes for lithium-ion batteries are discussed. © 2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Impurity profiles of GaAs epitaxial layers doped with Sn, Si, and Ge grown with molecular beam epitaxy (1975)

Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) n−type GaAs layers are commonly doped with Sn, Si, and Ge. The abrupt doping profiles resulting from these three dopants differed significantly when the epitaxy was carried out between temperatures ranging from 550 to 615 °C. The abrupt doped profile of Sn−doped GaAs layers when grown above 550 °C did not follow the time−intensity profile of the dopant beam, while layers doped with Si or Ge did. In the case of Sn, the effect is attributed to surface segregation during deposition.
The Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Phosphatase Calcineurin Is the Major Elk-1 Phosphatase (1997)

The transcription factor Elk-1 is a component of ternary complex factor and regulates gene expression in response to a wide variety of extracellular stimuli. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain of Elk-1, especially at serine 383, is important for its transactivation activity. Recently mitogen-activated protein kinases, such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase, stress-activated protein kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase have been demonstrated to be Elk-1 kinases. However, negative regulators of Elk-1, such as protein phosphatases, still remain to be identified. Here we report that COS cell lysates were able to dephosphorylate an extracellular signal-regulated kinase-phosphorylated glutathione S-transferase-Elkc fusion protein, including serine 383. The phosphatase activity was inhibited by cyclosporin A (a calcineurin inhibitor) but not by okadaic acid (a PP1 and PP2A inhibitor). Purified calcineurin also could efficiently dephosphorylate glutathione S-transferase-Elkc in vitro. Pretreatment of COS cells with cyclosporin A significantly enhanced epidermal growth factor-induced serine 383 Elk-1 phosphorylation whereas ionomycin inhibited the Elk-1 phosphorylation. These data provide both in vitro and in vivo evidence that calcineurin is the major Elk-1 phosphatase and plays a critical role in Elk-1 regulation. The identification of calcineurin as the major Elk-1 phosphatase may provide a mechanism for Elk-1 regulation by Ca2+ signals as well as a possible biochemical basis for the neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of the immunosuppressant drug cyclosporin A.
Anti‐inflammatory and antipyretic properties of N‐(α,α,α‐Trifluoro‐<i>m</i>‐tolyl) anthranilic acid (CI‐440; flufenamic acid) (1963)

Abstract Flufenamic acid is more potent than phenylbutazone as an anti‐inflammatory agent in guinea pigs (ultraviolet erythema) and rats (granulation on subcutaneous cotton pellets), without evidence of adrenal dependence or corticoid hormonal effects. Its antipyretic potency in rats approximates that of phenylbutazone. Like phenylbutazone and unlike aminopyrine, it had no antinociceptive effect in rat tail‐pinching experiments. In ordinary concentrations as the sodium salt, it is a tissue irritant in rodents. Supratherapeutic oral doses were well tolerated.
Enzymes in analytical chemistry (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzymes in analytical chemistryMyer M. FishmanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1980, 52, 5, 185–199Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50055a023https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50055a023research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Modeling Localness for Self-Attention Networks (2018)

Self-attention networks have proven to be of profound value for its strength of capturing global dependencies. In this work, we propose to model localness for self-attention networks, which enhances the ability of capturing useful local context. We cast localness modeling as a learnable Gaussian bias, which indicates the central and scope of the local region to be paid more attention. The bias is then incorporated into the original attention distribution to form a revised distribution. To maintain the strength of capturing long distance dependencies and enhance the ability of capturing short-range dependencies, we only apply localness modeling to lower layers of self-attention networks. Quantitative and qualitative analyses on Chinese-English and English-German translation tasks demonstrate the effectiveness and universality of the proposed approach.
THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MULTILAYERED STRUCTURES ASSOCIATED WITH FLAGELLAR BASES IN MOTILE CELLS OF<i>TRENTEPOHLIA AUREA</i><sup>1</sup> (1975)

SUMMARY An ultrastructural study of motile cell development in the green alga Trentepohlia aurea has revealed the presence of multilayered structures (MLS) associated With flagellar bases. These MLS are ultrastructurally similar to MLS described in pteridophyte and bryophyte sperm and in the zoospore of the green algae Coleochaete and Klebsormidium. However, 2 MLS are found in each biflagellate motile cell of T. aurea , while other previously described MLS occur singly in biflagellate motile cells. In addition, the MLS of T. aurea consist of fewer microtubules and are structurally simpler than most other MLS described. The MLS of Trentepohlia may represent a stage in the evolutionary development of the MLS of land plants. The presence or absence of the MLS in motile cells of green algae may be a useful character in phylogenetic studies.
A xanthine‐based KMUP‐1 with cyclic GMP enhancing and K<sup>+</sup> channels opening activities in rat aortic smooth muscle (2001)

1. KMUP-1 (1, 3, 5 mg kg(-1), i.v.), a xanthine derivative, produced dose-dependent sustained hypotensive and short-acting bradycardiac effects in anaesthetized rats. This hypotensive effect was inhibited by pretreatment with glibenclamide (5 mg kg(-1), i.v.). 2. In endothelium-intact or denuded aortic rings preconstricted with phenylephrine, KMUP-1 caused a concentration-dependent relaxation. This relaxation was reduced by endothelium removal, the presence of NOS inhibitor L-NAME (100 microM) and sGC inhibitors methylene blue (10 microM) and ODQ (1 microM). 3. The vasorelaxant effects of KMUP-1 was attenuated by pretreatment with various K(+) channel blockers TEA (10 mM), glibenclamide (1 microM), 4-AP (100 microM), apamin (1 microM) and charybdotoxin (ChTX, 0.1 microM). 4. Increased extracellular potassium levels (30 - 80 mM) caused a concentration-related reduction of KMUP-1-induced vasorelaxations. Preincubation with KMUP-1 (1, 10, 100 nM) increased the ACh-induced maximal vasorelaxations mediated by endogenous NO release, and enhanced the potency of exogenous NO-donor SNP. 5. The vasorelaxant responses of KMUP-1 (0.01, 0.05, 0.1 microM) together with a PDE inhibitor IBMX (0.5 microM) had an additive action. Additionally, KMUP-1 (100 microM) affected cyclic GMP metabolism since it inhibited the activity of PDE in human platelets. 6. KMUP-1 induced a dose-related increase in intracellular cyclic GMP levels in rat A10 vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells, but not cyclic AMP. The increase in cyclic GMP content of KMUP-1 (0.1 - 100 microM) was almost completely abolished in the presence of methylene blue (10 microM), ODQ (10 microM), and L-NAME (100 microM). 7. In conclusion, these results indicate that KMUP-1 possesses the following merits: (1) stimulation of NO/sGC/cyclic GMP pathway and subsequent elevation of cyclic GMP, (2) K(+) channels opening, and (3) inhibition of PDE or cyclic GMP breakdown. Increased cyclic GMP display a prominent role in KMUP-1-induced VSM relaxations.
La digestibilidad de nutrientes in vitro de harina de forraje de Vigna unguiculata blanca en las aves. Nota técnica (2003)

"Se utilizó un método in vitro para determinar la digestibilidad de la Vigna unguiculata vc. blanca en aves. Después de un proceso de incubación de 12 y 24 h, se determinaron los coeficientes de digestibilidad de la materia seca (MS), fibra neutro detergente (FND), ceniza, materia orgánica (MO), proteína bruta (PB) y los ácidos grasos de cadena corta (AGCC). Se observó aumento de la MS, FND, ceniza y AGCC, no así de la MO y PB. El patrón fermentativo fue acético. Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de validar in vivo estos resultados, además de realizar estudios con diferentes edades de corte."
Distance metric learning for RRT-based motion planning with constant-time inference (2015)

The distance metric is a key component in RRT-based motion planning that deeply affects coverage of the state space, path quality and planning time. With the goal to speed up planning time, we introduce a learning approach to approximate the distance metric for RRT-based planners. By exploiting a novel steer function which solves the two-point boundary value problem for wheeled mobile robots, we train a simple nonlinear parametric model with constant-time inference that is shown to predict distances accurately in terms of regression and ranking performance. In an extensive analysis we compare our approach to an Euclidean distance baseline, consider four alternative regression models and study the impact of domain-specific feature expansion. The learning approach is shown to be faster in planning time by several factors at negligible loss of path quality.
Beamforming networks using reduced size and Cascaded Butler Matrices (2010)

This paper presents the design and realization of reduced size branch-line coupler operating at 2.45GHz. Wireless communication has created a continuing demand for increased bandwidth and better quality of services. Smart antenna systems are one of the ways to accommodate this demand which can provide numerous benefits to service provider and the customer. Nowadays people tend to choose the compact and smaller size for wireless devices. Therefore, size reduction of branch-line coupler using eight two-step stubs has been proposed in this work, where the area of branch-line coupler has been reduced up to 50% from the normal size. The practical application of this reduced size branch-line coupler has been implemented on a 4×4 Butler Matrix which consist of branch-line coupler, crossover and phase shifter. Results from simulation are obtained by using Advanced Design System (ADS) in term of S-Parameter analysis and the phase difference between ports. The Butler matrix has been fabricated on Flame Resistance Board (FR4 Board). The measured results show satisfactory performance and good agreement with the simulated results.
Epiphytic fungi on apple leaves and their value for control of the postharvest pathogens Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia fructigena and Penicillium expansum (1994)

Fungal populations were examined each month on apple leaves, cv. 'Golden Delicious', during 1989. Out of 32 different fungal species studied, 21 were present throughout the season in large numbers. Of these, 368 isolates were selected and tested in vitro and in vivo for antagonistic activity against the postharvest pathogens Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia fructigena and Penicillium expansum. If applied to wounded apples, isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans, Epicoccum purpurascem, Sorclaria fimicola and Trichoderma polysporum (20 μl containing 10 7 spores/ml) provided good protection against the three postharvest pathogens at a ratio of 100: 1 (antagonists to pathogen). Better control with much smaller numbers of antagonists was obtained with mixtures, such as E. purpurascens plus A. pullulans, S. fimicola, or T. polysporum. After the application of such mixtures to freshly wounded apples, ratios between 1:1 until 10:1 (antagonists to pathogen) were sufficient to control postharvest decay over a broad range of concentrations of the micro-organisms.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Sprays Produced by Ultrasonic Atomisers (1997)

The atomisation of liquids by means of low‐frequency ultrasonic atomisers results from unstable surface waves generated on the free surface of a thin liquid film. These unstable waves are obtained from the tuning of the amplitude and the frequency of an imposed oscillation. The thin liquid film develops as the liquid spreads over the atomising surface of the atomiser. This paper focuses on a systematic experimental analysis of the sprays produced by low‐frequency ultrasonic atomisers. The thickness of the liquid film was measured and its effects on the drop diameter were studied together with the effects of both the liquid's physical properties and the ultrasonic atomiser's characteristics. The relationship between the mean drop diameter and the surface wave wavelength was accurately determined and introduced into a mathematical approach based on the maximum entropy formalism to predict the drop size distribution of the spray. Within the range of working conditions tested, the application of this formalism is successful and provides a procedure for the prediction of spray drop size distributions from calculations only.
Real-Time Neuronavigation with High-Quality 3D Ultrasound SonoWand® in Pediatric Neurosurgery (2007)

Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) serves as a basic imaging tool in neurosurgery. However, its low quality and difficulty in interpreting the images make its use as a resection control tool and navigation system cumbersome. We present our experience using a high-resolution 3D IOUS system combined with a navigation system in pediatric cranial surgery. We retrospectively reviewed 16 pediatric neurosurgical procedures in which a high-resolution 3D IOUS combined with a navigation system was used. The system enables basic navigation based on preoperative computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans. In addition, IOUS images serve as a data set for updated intraoperative navigation. The indications for IOUS were preoperative navigation to define the skin incision and exact craniotomy site, and for real-time neuronavigation and resection control during tumor removal. The added time per case was short and no technical difficulties were encountered. High-resolution 3D IOUS combined with navigation systems has advantages for the pediatric neurosurgical population, including both real-time basic navigation and improved resection control.
[A new solution of simultaneous equations and its application in assay of compound preparations]. (1990)

A new solution of simultaneous equations in spectrophotometry is studied. Owing to replacing the absorption coefficients by the absorption ratios, the authors have obtained rather greater accuracy from Vierordt's method than hitherto. A further development of the same formulation has led to a simple theoretical criterion, which enables the analyst to avoid pairs of wavelengths that are unsatisfactory for precision. This new method has been applied to the assay of compound injection of sodium benzoate and caffeine and compound tablet of amidopyrine and caffeine with satisfactory results.