gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dystrophin binding to nonmuscle actin (1998)

We purified actin from bovine brain by DNase I affinity chromatography in order to compare the binding of dystrophin to muscle actin with its binding to nonmuscle actin. While both β- and γ-nonmuscle actins are expressed in brain, Western blot analysis with isoform-specific antibodies indicated that our purified brain actin was exclusively the γ-isoform. The recombinant amino-terminal, actin-binding domain of dystrophin bound to muscle and brain actin in a saturable manner (∼1 mol/mol actin) with similar Kd values of 13.7 ± 3.5 and 10.6 ± 3.7 μM, respectively. We further demonstrate that intact dystrophin in the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex bound with equal avidity to muscle and brain F-actin. These data argue that a preferential binding of dystrophin to nonmuscle actin is not the basis for its targeting to the muscle cell plasmalemma but do support the hypothesis that dystrophin is capable of interacting with filamentous actin in nonmuscle tissues. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 41:264–270, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Movement timing: a tutorial (2002)

Abstract Two broad traditions underlie behavioural studies of movement timing. In one, which we will refer to as the information processing approach, time is considered a mental abstraction, applicable to, but represented independently of, any particular effector system. In this view our ability to carry out an action fast or slow, to write slow or fast, to speak with variation in rate, or to adjust the speed of the music we play, depends on central timing processes. It may be supposed that these depend on brain circuits that make contact with the motor system. However, they are functionally contained in that they do not require the action of any particular effector system. Rather they may be set to initiate movements at certain times, and these movements’ other parameters, such as force or direction, may be independently speci1ed.
Introduction of an alcoholic hydroxyl group into 2,3-dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans with oxidizing agents and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the oxidation products. (1980)

Attempts were made to introduce an alcoholic hydroxyl group stereospecifically at the C-5 or C-6 position of 2, 3-dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans with lead tetraacetate and osmic acid as oxidizing agents. 5-Acetoxyarctigenin monoacetate (III) was obtained from arctigenin monoacetate (II), 5-acetoxyisoarctigenin monoacetate (XIII) from isoarctigenin monoacetate (XII) and 5-acetoxytrachelogenin diacetate (XXIII) from trachelogenin diacetate (XXII) by oxidation with lead tetraacetate in acetic acid. 6-Hydroxyisomethyltrachelogenin (XXXII) was obtained from 3-(3, 4-dimethoxybenzyl)-2-(3, 4-dimethoxybenzylidene) butyrolactone (XXXI) by oxidation with osmic acid. The 13C-NMR spectra of these oxidation products and analogs are discussed with regard to the differences of the chemical shifts resulting from changes in the substituents and the stereochemistry of the 2, 3-dibenzylbutyrolactone skeleton.
Human Infection with<i>Schineria larvae</i> (2007)

baumannii isolate also being resistant to carbapenems. This resistance was likely acquired in vivo under imipenem treatment, but the susceptible strain was not available for strain comparison. This is also the first description of a PER-1 A. baumannii isolate from Russia, a country from which little epidemiologic data on antimicrobial drug resistance are available, except for the emergence of ESBLs of CTX-M type in Enterobacteriaceae (10).
Co-channel interference canceller using CMA adaptivearrayantenna (1997)

A co-channel interference canceller that uses a CMA adaptive array antenna is presented. In this canceller, when a CMA adaptive array antenna captures a co-channel interference signal, a replica of this signal is generated and then eliminated from a received signal, thus a desired signal can be obtained. Computer simulation results show that the proposed canceller can effectively reduce co-channel interference.
Thermal design of superconducting digital circuits for millikelvin operation (2003)

Niobium based rapid-single-flux-quantum (RSFQ) digital circuits generally operate at temperature 4 K. It is desirable to develop RSFQ circuits for operation at much lower temperatures, in particular to use as control and interface circuitry for superconducting qubits, and eventually for a full scale quantum computer. The total heat load is moderate - current designs generate 0.5 /spl mu/W per bias resistor, so simple RSFQ integrated circuits are easily compatible with commercial helium dilution refrigerators, and this power can readily be reduced by several orders of magnitude for complex future designs - but thermal conductivity will be a bottleneck. We present a simple model of heat flow through standard RSFQ structures. We find that circuits designed for 4 K operation can be used with little or no modification below one Kelvin. At lower temperatures however the heat generated on chip cannot be removed, and the temperature of a working circuit will rise. We suggest fabrication design rule changes to address this problem.
WhichStreams: A Dynamic Approach for Focused Data Capture from Large Social Media (2021)

Due to the huge amount of data produced on large social media, capturing useful content usually implies to focus on subsets of data that fit with a pre-specified need. Considering the usual API restrictions of these media, we formulate this task of focused capture as a dynamic data sources selection problem. We then propose a machine learning methodology, named WhichStreams, which is based on an extension of a recently proposed combinatorial bandit algorithm. The evaluation of our approach on various Twitter datasets, with both offline and online settings, demonstrates the relevance of the proposal for leveraging the real-time data streaming APIs offered by most of the main social media.
Plasma medicine - Opportunities and challenges for science and healthcare (2009)

Summary form only given: Although ionized gases have been known to have biological effects for more than 100 years, their impact on the practice in healthcare service became very significant only recently. Today, plasma-based surgical tools are used for tissue reduction and blood coagulation as surgical procedures. Most significant however is the speed at which low-temperature gas plasmas are finding new applications in medicine and biology, including plasma sterilization, wound healing, and cancer therapies just to name a few. In the terminology of biotechnology, the "pipeline" is long and exciting. This presentation reviews the current status of the field through examples with a particular emphasis on plasma inactivation of microorganisms and biomolecules, for which comprehensive scientific evidence has been obtained. Many early speculations of biocidal plasma species have now been confirmed through a combination of optical emission spectroscopy, laser-induced fluorescence, mass spectrometry, fluid simulation and biological sensing with mutated bacteria. Similarly, fundamental studies are being performed to examine cell components targeted by gas plasmas, from membrane, through lipid and membrane proteins, to DNA. Scientific challenge is significant, as the usual complexity of plasma dynamics and plasma chemistry is compounded by the added complication that cells are live and constantly evolving. Nevertheless, the current understanding of plasma inactivation currently provides strong momentum for plasma decontamination technologies to be realized in healthcare. A very recent focus has been the use of low-temperature plasmas for manipulation of mammalian cells, for example, for wound healing and cancer therapies. Clinical trial data suggest that plasmas are effective in inactivating bacteria embedded in open wounds and as a result encourage more rapid wound healing. Plasma-triggered programmed cell death has also been observed, highlighting the possibility of plasma-enabled cancer therapy. Whilst opportunities thus highlighted are significant and exciting, the undepinning science poses many open questions. Some of these will be reviewed and discussed. The presentation will then discuss main requirements for plasma sources appropriate for their biomedical applications, in terms of the control of glow-to-arc transition, plasma chemistry, the scope of scaling. Finally a perspective will be offered, in terms of both opportunities and challenges.for which comprehensive scientific evidence has been obtained.
An Ehrlichia strain from a llama (Lama glama) and Llama-associated ticks (Ixodes pacificus) (1997)

An ehrlichia was identified in the blood of a diseased llama (lama glama). Sequencing of its 16S rRNA gene showed the ehrlichia to be closely related to members of the Ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup. The agent was also found in a pool of ticks (Ixodes pacificus) collected at the llama site.
Filterbänke (1996)

Unter Filterbänken versteht man Anordnungen aus Tief-, Band- und Hochpaßfiltern, mit denen Signale gewissermaßen spektral zerlegt oder aus ihren Spektralanteilen zusammengesetzt werden können. Als Beispiel zeigt Bild 3.1 eine MKanal-Filterbank. Das Eingangssignal wird dabei in M sogenannte Teilbandsignale zerlegt, von denen jedes die Information über das Eingangssignal in einem bestimmten Spektralbereich bzw. Frequenzband enthält. Bei der in Bild 3.1 gezeigten Filterbank findet noch eine Unterabtastung der Teilbandsignale um den Faktor N statt. Wegen dieser Unterabtastung, die im Bild durch Blöcke mit nach unten gerichteten Pfeilen symbolisiert wird, bezeichnet man die Filterbank auch als ein Multiratensystem. Die Unterabtastung dient in der Regel dazu, die in den M Teilbandsignalen enthaltene Redundanz zu reduzieren bzw. vollständig zu entfernen. Da man nur dann damit rechnen kann, ein Signal x(n) aus unterabgetasteten Teilbandsignalen fehlerfrei zurückgewinnen zu können, wenn die Gesamtanzahl aller Teilband-Abtastwerte je Zeiteinheit größer oder gleich der Anzahl der Eingangswerte ist, spricht man bei einer Unterabtastung um N = M von einer kritischen Abtastung. Wählt man N < M, so nennt man die Abtastung unkritisch.
Vitamin D Supplementation and Hemoglobin Levels in Hypertensive Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2016)

Epidemiological evidence suggests that circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels are inversely associated with hemoglobin (Hb) levels and anemia risk. We evaluated whether vitamin D supplementation improves Hb levels and reduces anemia risk in hypertensive patients. Two hundred patients with 25OHD levels <75 nmol/L who attended the Styrian Vitamin D Hypertension Trial were included, of whom 188 completed the trial. Patients randomly received 2800 IU vitamin D3 daily or a matching placebo for eight weeks. Initially, the prevalence of anemic status (Hb levels <12.5 g/dL) and deficient 25OHD levels (<30 nmol/L) was 6.5% and 7.5%, respectively. All anemic patients had 25OHD levels >50 nmol/L. The mean (95% confidence interval) vitamin D effect on Hb levels was 0.04 (-0.14 to 0.22) g/dL (P = 0.661). Moreover, vitamin D treatment did not influence anemic status significantly (P > 0.999). Likewise, vitamin D had no significant effect on Hb levels in the subgroups of anemic patients or in patients with initial 25OHD levels <30 nmol/L. In conclusion, a daily vitamin D supplement of 2800 IU for eight weeks did not improve Hb levels or anemic status in hypertensive patients. Future trials should focus on anemic patients with deficient 25OHD levels (e.g., <30 nmol/L). This trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov [NCT02136771].
Functional and computational studies of the ligand‐associated metal binding site of β3 integrins (2008)

A combination of experimental and computational approaches was used to provide a structural context for the role of the beta3 integrin subunit ligand-associated metal binding site (LIMBS) in the binding of physiological ligands to beta3 integrins. Specifically, we have carried out (1) adhesion assays on cells expressing normal alphaIIbeta3, normal alphaVbeta3, or the corresponding beta3 D217A LIMBS mutants; and (2) equilibrium and nonequilibrium (steered) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of eptifibatide in complex with either a fully hydrated normal alphaIIbeta3 integrin fragment (alphaIIb beta-propeller and the beta3 betaA (I-like), hybrid, and PSI domains) or the equivalent beta3 D217A mutant. Normal alphaIIbeta3 expressing cells adhered to immobilized fibrinogen and echistatin, whereas cells expressing the alphaIIbeta3 D217A LIMBS mutant failed to adhere to either ligand. Similarly, the equivalent alphaVbeta3 mutant was unable to support adhesion to vitronectin or fibrinogen. The alphaIIbeta3 D217A mutation increased the binding of mAb AP5, which recognizes a ligand-induced binding site (LIBS) in the beta3 PSI domain, indicating that this mutation induced allosteric changes in the protein. Steered MD simulating the unbinding of eptifibatide from either normal alphaIIbeta3 or the equivalent beta3 D217A mutant suggested that the reduction in ligand binding caused by the LIMBS mutant required the loss of both the LIMBS and the metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS) metal ions. Our computational results indicate that the LIMBS plays a crucial role in ligand binding to alphaIIbeta3 by virtue of its effects on the coordination of the MIDAS.
Towards 3D adaptive dynamic walking of a quadruped robot on irregular terrain by using neural system model (2002)

We are trying to induce a quadruped robot to walk dynamically on irregular terrain by using a neural system model. In our previous study, we integrated several reflexes into a CPG (central pattern generator) and realized adaptive 2D walking on terrain of medium degree of irregularity. In this paper, in order to make the role of a CPG be clear, we investigate the relation between parameters of a CPG and the mechanical system by simulations and experiments. In addition, we show a newly developed quadruped robot, of which mechanism is designed to make adaptive 3D walking on irregular terrain be realized more simply. At this moment, 3D walking on flat terrain is realized by using a neural system model consisting of CPG and reflexes.
Preparation, surface‐active properties and acid decomposition profiles of a new “soap” bearing a 1,3‐dioxolane ring (1993)

New soap‐type surfactants bearing a 1,3‐dioxolane ring were prepared in good yields by the acid‐catalyzed condensation of 1‐ O ‐alkylglycerols (alkyl: decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, or cis ‐9‐octadecenyl) with oxocarboxylic acid esters, followed by alkaline hydrolysis without any expensive reagent and special equipment. These surfactants were soluble in alkaline water at room temperature. Their critical micelle concentrations were much smaller than that of sodium dodecanoate. An alkaline solution of the octadecyl homologue was nonfoaming, but the other homologues, including the cis ‐9‐octadecenyl derivative, showed high foaming ability in alkaline solutions. The structural effect of these compounds on the area per molecule at the surface is also discussed. Because these surfactants contain a 1,3‐dioxolane ring, they can be utilized as a new acid‐decomposable type of cleavable surfactant. At pH 1, they decompose almost completely into nonsurface‐active species after 80 min.
Experimental investigation of unsteady convective heat transfer under airflow velocity and temperature variations (2021)

Abstract An experimental approach to study unsteady local heat transfer characteristics due to airflow velocity and/or airflow temperature variations is presented. It uses controlled electrical heaters and rotating vanes to independently vary the flow and thermal boundary conditions. Time-resolved surface temperatures are measured using an in situ calibrated infrared thermography camera. Those surface temperatures are analyzed by modeling the transient conjugate heat transfer process in the wall to obtain locally resolved surface heat flux distributions. The applicability is illustrated for a flow and heat transfer behind a tetrahedral vortex generator on a flat plate.
M1-like monocytes are a major immunological determinant of severity in previously healthy adults with life-threatening influenza (2017)

In each influenza season, a distinct group of young, otherwise healthy individuals with no risk factors succumbs to life-threatening infection. To better understand the cause for this, we analyzed a broad range of immune responses in blood from a unique cohort of patients, comprising previously healthy individuals hospitalized with and without respiratory failure during one influenza season, and infected with one specific influenza A strain. This analysis was compared with similarly hospitalized influenza patients with known risk factors (total of <i>n</i> = 60 patients recruited). We found a sustained increase in a specific subset of proinflammatory monocytes, with high TNF-α expression and an M1-like phenotype (independent of viral titers), in these previously healthy patients with severe disease. The relationship between M1-like monocytes and immunopathology was strengthened using murine models of influenza, in which severe infection generated using different models (including the high-pathogenicity H5N1 strain) was also accompanied by high levels of circulating M1-like monocytes. Additionally, a raised M1/M2 macrophage ratio in the lungs was observed. These studies identify a specific subtype of monocytes as a modifiable immunological determinant of disease severity in this subgroup of severely ill, previously healthy patients, offering potential novel therapeutic avenues.
Mutations within the TNF-Like Core Domain of RANKL Impair Osteoclast Differentiation and Activation (2008)

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) is a key factor necessary for osteoclast differentiation and activation. Mutations within the TNF-like core domain of RANKL have been recently reported in patients with osteoclast-poor autosomal recessive osteopetrosis. However, the functional consequence owing to RANKL mutations has not been well characterized. Here we describe the functional propensity of RANKL mutants in osteoclast differentiation and their impact on RANKL-mediated signaling cascades. Recombinant RANKL (rRANKL) mutants within the TNF-like core domain exhibited diminished osteoclastogenic potential as compared with wild-type rRANKL1 encoding the full TNF-like core domain [amino acids (aa) 160-318]. Consistent with the insufficient activities on osteoclastogenesis, rRANKL mutants showed reduced activation of nuclear factor-kappaB, IkappaBalpha degradation, and ERK phosphorylation. In addition, we found that rRANKL mutants interfered with wild-type rRANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis with deletion mutant rRANKL5 (aa 246-318) exhibiting the greatest inhibitory effect. The same mutant also significantly reduced wild-type rRANKL1 (aa 160-318)-induced osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro. BIAcore assays demonstrated that rRANKL5 alone, lacking the AA'' and CD loops, weakly binds to receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (RANK). Intriguingly, preincubation of mutant rRANKL5 with rRANKL1 before exposure to RANK enhanced the maximal binding level to RANK, indicating that rRANKL5 forms hybrid trimeric complexes with rRANKL1. Furthermore, RANKL mutant mimicking human RANKL V277 mutation in patients, impairs osteoclast differentiation and signaling. Taken together, these data lend support to the notion that the TNF-like core domain of RANKL contains structural determinants that are crucial for osteoclast differentiation and activation, thus providing a possible mechanistic explanation for the observed phenotype in osteopetrotic patients harboring RANKL mutations.
Partial purification and characterization of anextracellular xylanasefrom Penicillium janthinellum and Neurospora crassa (2011)

The aim of this experimental study was to isolate and partially purify extracellular xylanase from Penicillium janthinellum and Neurospora crassa.The species were inoculated in a xylanase fermentation medium .The supernatants were collected after 5 days. The partial purification was realized by applying respectively, ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis and DEAE-Cellulose ion exchange chromatography to the supernatant. Effect of pH and temperature on enzyme activity and stability were determined. In addition, the molecular mass of the obtained enzyme was investigated by Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDSPAGE). The final enzyme preparation from Penicillium janthinellum and Neurospora crassa were 6.5 and 2.2 fold more pure than the crude homogenate respectively. The molecular mass of the partially purified enzyme from Penicillium janthinellum and Neurospora crassa were found to be 39kDa by using SDS-PAGE.
Coexisting social conditions and health problems among clients seeking treatment for illicit drug use in Finland: The HUUTI study (2013)

The existence of illicit drug use with other social and health problems could lead to increased utilisation and cost of healthcare services. Coexisting social and health problems may interfere with clients' treatment response. Our findings support the call for integration of relevant social, medical and mental health support services within drug treatment programmes.
Inhibition of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Limits Lipopolysaccharide-induced Pulmonary Neutrophil Influx (2005)

The influx of neutrophils into the lung is a sentinel event in LPS-induced acute lung inflammation. Previous studies have shown that systemic inhibition of p38 decreases LPS-induced neutrophil influx into the alveolar space but has no effect on pulmonary parenchymal neutrophil accumulation or on microvascular leak, indicating other pathways are important in LPS-induced acute lung inflammation. This study examined the role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in LPS-induced acute lung inflammation. Systemic inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase, with the specific c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor SP600125, decreased the LPS-induced accumulation of neutrophils into the lung parenchyma and alveolar space. In addition, increases in microvascular leak after LPS exposure were diminished by c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibition. To determine mechanisms by which systemic c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibition decreased pulmonary neutrophil influx, LPS and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha-)-induced neutrophil actin assembly and retention were examined. Neutrophil actin assembly was decreased after LPS and TNF-alpha stimulation with SP600125 pretreatment, as well as LPS-induced neutrophil retention. Finally, c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibition decreased Cdc42 activation after LPS or TNF-alpha stimulation, thereby providing one mechanism by which c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibition decreased actin assembly, and thereby pulmonary neutrophil accumulation.
Water-soluble Ir(<scp>iii</scp>) complexes of deprotonated N-methylbipyridinium ligands: fluorine-free blue emitters (2015)

New blue or blue-green emitting iridium complexes have been synthesised with cyclometalating ligands derived from the 1-methyl-3-(2'-pyridyl)pyridinium cation. Efficient luminescence is observed in MeCN or aqueous solutions, with a large range of lifetimes in the μs region and relatively high quantum yields.