gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential Regulation of Pulmonary Vascular Cell Growth by Hypoxia-Inducible Transcription Factor–1α and Hypoxia-Inducible Transcription Factor–2α (2013)

Hypoxia-inducible transcription factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α can contribute to pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling, but their mechanisms remain unknown. This study investigated the role of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in pulmonary artery endothelial and smooth muscle cells. The exposure of human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) to hypoxia (10% O₂ or 5% O₂) increased proliferation over 48 hours, compared with cells during normoxia (21% O₂). The adenovirus-mediated overexpression of HIF-2α that is transcriptionally active during normoxia (mutHIF-2α) increased HPAEC proliferation, whereas the overexpression of HIF-1α, which is transcriptionally active during normoxia (mutHIF-1α), exerted no effect. The knockdown of HIF-2α decreased proliferation during both hypoxia and normoxia. Both HIFs increased migration toward fibrinogen, used as a chemoattractant. In an angiogenesis tube formation assay, mutHIF-2α-transduced cells demonstrated increased tube formation, compared with the mutHIF-1α-transduced cells. In addition, the tubes formed in HIF-2α-transduced cells were more enduring than those in the other groups. In human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs), chronic exposure to hypoxia increased proliferation, compared with cells during normoxia. For HPASMCs transduced with adenoviral HIFs, HIF-1α increased proliferation, whereas HIF-2α exerted no such effect. Thus, HIF-1α and HIF-2α exert differential effects in isolated cells of the human pulmonary vasculature. This study demonstrates that HIF-2α plays a predominant role in the endothelial growth pertinent to the remodeling process. In contrast, HIF-1α appears to play a major role in pulmonary smooth muscle growth. The selective targeting of each HIF in specific target cells may more effectively counteract hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling.
Fast higher-order full-wave FEM analysis of traveling-wave optoelectronic devices (2001)

The evaluation of the microwave propagation characteristics of traveling-wave optoelectronic devices by the full-wave finite element method leads to large generalized eigenvalue equations which have to be solved for each frequency point. This paper describes a novel approach, based on the singular value decomposition, which drastically reduces the size of the eigenvalue problem without loss of accuracy. Moreover, by employing higher order elements, conductor losses are evaluated with a smaller number of unknowns, and the discontinuity of the normal field components at material interfaces is correctly modeled. The effectiveness of our numerical technique is demonstrated by discussing applications to electrooptic and electroabsorption modulators.
Hybrid geopolymeric foams with diatomite addition: Effect on chemico-physical properties (2017)

Organic–inorganic hybrid foams were prepared by using metakaolin or diatomite as a partial (or total) replacement of metakaolin, as precursor and metal silicon and whipped protein as blowing agents. The foamed systems were cured at defined temperature and time and then characterized by chemical point of view through Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction and by mechanical and morphological point of view by compression tests and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental findings highlighted that the replacement of diatomite in the formulation affected the morphological structure of the foams and consequently their mechanical properties, due to a different chemism between the sodium silicate and the solid phase. In particular, the consolidation mechanism in the diatomite based-hybrid foams changed from geopolymerization to a silicate polycondensation. Consequently, mechanical performances enhanced with increase of the diatomite content.
The regio- and stereoselectivity of intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions of fumarates: An unusual rearrangement-cyclization (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe regio- and stereoselectivity of intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions of fumarates: An unusual rearrangement-cyclizationMarcel K. Eberle and Hans Peter WeberCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 2, 231–235Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00237a001https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00237a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views349Altmetric-Citations17LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Design of Next-Generation Chiral Acid-Base Catalysts and Application to Fine Organic Synthesis (2005)

Apart from enzymes as biocatalysts, a broad repertoire of chiral reagents, auxiliaries, and catalysts can be developed in recent years. In this respect, the design of new catalysts and new reactions in a practical and an environmentally benign manner is increasingly important in the 21st century for the construction of new and useful organic molecules. Accordingly, we have developed new catalytic asymmetric reactions based on [1] the rational design of conceptually new, chiral bidentate Lewis acids (particularly, aluminum and titanium Lewis acids) in organic synthesis including catalytic asymmetric synthesis; [2] the design of environmentally benign, binaphthylmodified chiral phase-transfer catalysts as chiral organocatalysts for practical asymmetric synthesis.
Bacterial profiles of saliva in relation to diet, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic status (2014)

The bacterial profile of saliva seems independent of diet intake, but influenced by smoking and maybe socioeconomic status.
ChemInform Abstract: Co‐Containing Zeolites Prepared by Solid‐State Ion Exchange. (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pancarditis affecting the conducting system and all valves in human African trypanosomiasis. (1976)

This paper describes the pathological features of 10 cases of human African trypanosomiasis occurring in Uganda over an 8-year period. Three cases were clinically proved, and in all 10 cases chronic meningoencephalitis and myocarditis were present. There was chronic pancarditis in 6 cases, and in 3 of these there was a generalized focal valvulitis and in 2 lesions of the conducting system. Previous descriptions of carditis in human African trypanosomiasis are briefly reviewed, and the present findings are compared with some cardiomyopathies as well as American human and experimental trypanosomiasis.
On-line variance minimization in O(n2) per trial? (2010)

Consider the following canonical online learning problem with matrices [WK06]: In each trial t the algorithm chooses a density matrixWt ∈ Rn×n (i.e., a positive semi-definite matrix with trace one). Then nature chooses a symmetric loss matrix Lt ∈ Rn×n whose eigenvalues lie in the interval [0, 1] and the algorithms incurs loss tr(WtLt). The goal is to find algorithms that for any sequence of trials have small regret against the best dyad chosen in hindsight. Here a dyad is an outer product uu # of a unit vector u in Rn. More precisely the regret after T trials is defined as follows: T∑ t=1 tr(WtLt) − L∗, where L ∗ = inf u:‖u‖=1 tr uu#L≤T with L≤T =
Surface radio-mineralisation mediates chelate-free radiolabelling of iron oxide nanoparticles (2019)

We introduce the concept of surface radio-mineralisation (SRM) to describe the chelate-free radiolabelling of iron-oxide and ferrite nanoparticles. We demonstrate the effectiveness of SRM with both <sup>111</sup>In and <sup>89</sup>Zr for bare, polymer-matrix multicore, and surface-functionalised magnetite/maghemite nanoparticles; and for bare Y<sub>3</sub>Fe<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> nanoparticles. By analogy with geological mineralisation (the hydrothermal deposition of metals as minerals in ore bodies or lodes) we demonstrate that the heat-induced and aqueous SRM process deposits radiometal-oxides onto the nanoparticle or core surfaces, passing through the matrix or coating if present, without changing the size, structure, or magnetic properties of the nanoparticle or core. We show in a mouse model followed over 7 days that the SRM is sufficient to allow quantitative, non-invasive, prolonged, whole-body localisation of injected nanoparticles with nuclear imaging.
Design of extended WDM access system for providing broadband communication and broadcast TV services (2002)

We propose extended WDM access system employing optical packet/SCM hybrid amplification scheme for supporting larger number of subscribers. For suppressing interference between optical packets and SCM signal, optimum operating conditions of EDFA are discussed.
Beliefs about medications: measurement and relationship to adherence in patients with severe mental disorders (2008)

The BMQ has satisfactory psychometric properties for use in patients with severe mental disorders. The constructs measured by the BMQ are related to adherence in these patients.
Urinary and biliary excretion of ergot alkaloids from steers that grazed endophyte-infected tall fescue. (1998)

Ergot alkaloids cause fescue toxicosis when livestock graze endophyte-infected (E+) tall fescue. Little is known about the bioavailability of the ergot alkaloid classes (lysergic acid, lysergic acid amides, or ergopeptine alkaloids) in livestock, and this hampers development of pharmacological strategies to ameliorate the toxicosis. One method used to determine bioavailability of ergot alkaloids is to examine urinary and biliary excretion patterns. Thus, our objectives were to compare ergot alkaloid excretion via urinary or biliary systems and to determine the rate of appearance or clearance of these alkaloids in cattle that were grazing E+ or endophyte-free (E-) tall fescue. In autumn 1996, bile and urine samples were collected from eight steers (203 kg), each grazing E+ and E- tall fescue, and total alkaloid excretion was quantified using competitive ELISA. Approximately 96% of the ergot alkaloids were excreted in urine. The same steers were used to examine the rate of appearance in, or clearance from, urine when switched from E+ to E-, or from E- to E+, pastures in comparison with steers that were continuously grazing E+ or E- tall fescue at 0, 2, 5, and 7 d. Steers were returned to their original pastures after 7 d, and urine was collected at 2, 5, and 7 d. Urinary alkaloid concentrations in steers switched from E- to E+ pastures were similar (P = .55) to those in steers that continuously grazed E+ tall fescue after 2 d. Steers switched from E+ to E- pastures had urinary alkaloid concentrations similar (P = .91) to those in steers that continuously grazed E- pastures after 2 d. In 1997, two trials were conducted in which steers (191 kg) were switched or remained on E+ or E- pastures, and urine was collected at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h to estimate rate of alkaloid appearance or clearance. Steers switched from E- to E+ 1) had about 33% as much urinary alkaloids as steers grazing E+ pasture after 12 h, 2) were not different after 24 h (P = .76), 3) had twice those of the E+ steers at 48 h (P < .05), and 4) were not different after 96 h. Steers switched from E+ to E- tall fescue had approximately 33% less (P < .05) urinary alkaloids than those grazing E+ at 12 h, 67% less (P < .05) at 24 and 48 h, and were not different (P = .86) from steers continuously grazing E- pastures after 96 h. Urinary alkaloid excretion patterns were similar to ergot alkaloid solubility patterns from in vitro digestion of E+ tall fescue. We suggest that alkaloids, liberated from the forage by ruminal microorganisms, were rapidly absorbed as lysergic acid amides and biotransformed ergopeptine alkaloids.
Acute effects of dexamethasone on cation transport in colonic epithelium. (1987)

Single pharmacological doses of glucocorticoid hormones stimulate net Na+ and water absorption, K+ secretion and electrical potential difference in rat distal colon and human rectum after five hours. To determine the cellular basis of these effects, the Na+ and K+ transport properties of epithelial cell membranes in rat distal colon were studied in vitro five hours after in vivo treatment with dexamethasone 600 micrograms/100 g body weight. Compared with control tissues, dexamethasone increased transepithelial voltage 3.5-fold (p less than 0.001) and short circuit current 4.5-fold (p less than 0.001), and decreased total resistance by 20% (p less than 0.005). Measurements of cell membrane voltages obtained with intracellular microelectrodes indicated that the dexamethasone-induced rise in transepithelial voltage reflected a significant decrease (p less than 0.05) in apical membrane voltage, consistent with the induction of apical Na+ channels and the stimulation of electrogenic Na+ absorption. Apical addition of 10(-4) mol/l amiloride (a Na+ channel blocker) and then 30 mmol/l tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA; a K+ channel blocker) to control tissues had little or no effect on transepithelial electrical parameters, indicating the absence of significant apical Na+ and K+ conductances. In contrast, in dexamethasone treated tissues, amiloride and TEA produced electrical changes that were consistent with the inhibition of glucocorticoid-induced apical Na+ and K+ conductances. Kinetic studies of the basolateral membrane Na+-K+ pump revealed that five hours after administration, dexamethasone had no effect on the maximum capacity of the pump for Na+ transport, but significantly increased the affinity of the pump for Na+, and the number of Na+ ions binding to each pump site. Thus, the acute stimulatory effects of dexamethasone on distal colonic Na+ absorption and K+ secretion reflect increased apical membrane conductance to Na+ and K+, and an increase in the 'efficiency' of the basolateral membrane Na+-K+ pump.
Optimisation des paramètres de loi de comportement d'un acier de disque de frein pour matériel ferroviaire (1996)

National audience
Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction (2000)

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached epidemic proportions among the population of the United States. The American Diabetes Association recently reported that the prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed DM in the United States is currently 6% and rising (1). This increase is felt to be secondary to a rising incidence of obesity as well as a change in the criteria for the diagnosis of DM (from a fasting blood glucose of 140 mg/dL to 126 mg/dL). Besides impaired blood glucose regulation, many direct and indirect sequelae of DM can occur. Lower urinary tract dysfunction is relatively common in this group of patients and the etiology of these symptoms is commonly attributed to DM. Owing to the high incidence of DM and its frequent involvement of the lower urinary tract, a complete understanding of its epidemiology, physiology, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment is essential for clinicians caring for these patients.
HIV-1 infection and expression in human colonic cells (1991)

Three human colonic epithelial cell lines, SW620, HT29, and T84, were characterized with respect to HIV-1 infection and gene expression. SW620 and HT29, but not T84, could be infected with HIV-1. CD4 messenger RNA and its protein product were identified in SW620 cells but not in HT29 or T84 cells. Anti-CD4 antibody blocked infection of SW620 cells but had no effect on infection of HT29 cells. In SW620 and HT29 cells transfected with the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) linked to the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) reporter gene, an intact HIV-1 enhancer element was required for stimulation of CAT activity by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and phorbol ester. T84 was not able to mediate a TNF alpha or phorbol ester response. These studies provide further evidence that HIV-1 can infect cells by mechanisms other than those mediated by the CD4 receptor and describe complementary models for analyzing HIV-1 infection and expression in colonic epithelial cells.
Development of strong, tough struct~ral steels based on copper–high-silicon additions (1980)

"Development of strong, tough struct~ral steels based on copper–high-silicon additions." Metals Technology, 7(1), pp. 305–306
Observation of two-dimensional quadratic spatial-solitons in type I potassium niobate (2002)

This current work demonstrates these quadratic spatial solitons (QSSs) in a type I phase matched second harmonic configuration in potassium niobate (KNbO/sub 3/), reducing the system to a two-wave interaction between singular second harmonic and fundamental wave fields.
Development and evaluation of transmission type four detectors photopolarimeter (2009)

Referring to the reflection type four detector photopolarimeter developed by R.M.A. Azzam, we have fabricated transmission type four detectors photopolarimeter (T-FDP). Simulations of the polarization states were carried out for the T-FDP. Simulated results were compared with measured values for the arbitrarily polarizations.
Methods to obtain quantitative parametric descriptions of the optical surfaces of the human crystalline lens from Scheimpflug slit-lamp images I Image processing methods (1998)

Of the methods developed (e.g., phakometry, magnetic resonance imaging, etc.) for noninvasive measurement of the geometry of the anterior segment of the human eye, Scheimpflug photography offers the best resolution and the highest precision. The primary obstacle encountered with this or any other image-based method has been in obtaining quantitative measurements directly from the images. Image enhancement (gray-scale gradient analysis) and pattern recognition methods (Hough transform and recursive least-squares algorithms) are developed so that parametric representations of lens surfaces and zone boundaries can be obtained directly from the images. Methods to correct for nonlinear Scheimpflug camera reproduction ratios and provide error estimates for geometrical parameters are also developed and will be presented separately. Combined, these techniques yield representations of lens geometry having sufficient precision, to which paraxial ray tracing can be applied to determine lens optical properties by using well-posed optical models with one unknown.
Cassette-like variation of restriction enzyme genes in Escherichia coli C and relatives (2004)

A surprising result of comparative bacterial genomics has been the large amount of DNA found to be present in one strain but not in another of the same species. We examine in detail one location where gene content varies extensively, the restriction cluster in Escherichia coli. This region is designated the Immigration Control Region (ICR) for the density and variability of restriction functions found there. To better define the boundaries of this variable locus, we determined the sequence of the region from a restrictionless strain, E.coli C. Here we compare the 13.7 kb E.coli C sequence spanning the site of the ICR with corresponding sequences from five E.coli strains and Salmonella typhimurium LT2. To discuss this variation, we adopt the term 'framework' to refer to genes that are stable components of genomes within related lineages, while 'migratory' genes are transient inhabitants of the genome. Strikingly, seven different migratory DNA segments, encoding different sets of genes and gene fragments, alternatively occupy a single well-defined location in the seven strains examined. The flanking framework genes, yjiS and yjiA, display approximately normal patterns of conservation. The patterns observed are consistent with the action of a site-specific recombinase. Since no nearby gene codes for a likely recombinase of known families, such a recombinase must be of a new family or unlinked.
Implantable Continuous Intravenous Insulin Infusion Device (1986)

KERNSHNE, KEMP H.; KRYJESKI, SHEILA R.; WIGNESS, BRUCE D.; GOLDENBERG, FZY J.; ROHDE, THOMAS D.; DORMAN, FRANK D.; CHUTE, EDMUND P.; RUPP, WILLIAM M.; BUCHWALD, HENRY Author Information
CRRES spectrometer for electrons and protons (1992)

Covers advancements in spacecraft and tactical and strategic missile systems, including subsystem design and application, mission design and analysis, materials and structures, developments in space sciences, space processing and manufacturing, space operations, and applications of space technologies to other fields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1‐(3‐Azido‐2,3‐dideoxy‐β‐D‐allofuranosyl)thymine, 1‐(2,3‐Dideoxy‐β‐D‐allofuranosyl)thymine, and 1‐(2,3‐Dideoxy‐β‐D‐erythro‐hex‐2‐enofuranosyl)thymine. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
318. The reactions of organic phosphates. Part IV. Oxygen exchange between water and orthophosphoric acid (1961)

C. A. Bunton, D. R. Llewellyn, C. A. Vernon and V. A. Welch, J. Chem. Soc., 1961, 1636 DOI: 10.1039/JR9610001636
Effect of mammalian lignans on f MLP-induced oxidative bursts in human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (1992)

We examined the effects of mammalian lignans, enterolactone, prestegane B and 2,3-dibenzylbutane-1,4-diol (DBB) on superoxide production and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (LCL) response in human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs). The three lignans had no direct effect on the responses of human PMNs. DBB and prestegane B enhanced the superoxide production and LCL response induced by formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), but enterolactone inhibited fMLP-induced effects. The effects of DBB were stronger than those of prestegane B and the effects of DBB were inhibited by bromophenacyl bromide, mepacrine, N-(6-aminophenyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene, sulphonamide and trifluoroperazine, but not by gossypol, nordihydroguaretic acid, indomethacin, staurosporine, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulphonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride or (R,S)-2-methoxy-3-(octadecyl-carbamoyloxy)-propyl-2-(2-thiazoli o)-ethylphosphate. These results suggest that DBB primes the responses of human PMNs, and the priming effect is caused by the activation of phospholipase A2--and Ca(2+)-calmodulin-pathways, but not by the activation of lipoxygenase, cyclo-oxygenase and protein kinase C or by the release of platelet activating factor.