gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A simulation approach to a Real-Time Ethernet protocol: EtherCAT (2008)

In the last years the use of Ethernet as the communication technology for automation systems has been sensibly increasing. In particular, real-time Ethernet networks have become widely adopted. In this paper we consider one of the most popular Real-Time Ethernet networks, namely EtherCAT. We firstly provide a short outline of the protocol, along with a description of a simulation model we have developed. Subsequently, we focus on some typical network configurations and provide some insights on their performance by means of both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.
Campylobacter Enteritis in the United States (1983)

During a 15-month study, 8097 fecal specimens submitted to clinical microbiology laboratories at eight hospitals in different parts of the United States were examined. Campylobacter jejuni was isolated from 4.6%, Salmonella from 2.3%, and Shigella from 1.0%. Isolation rates for each pathogen were highest from stool specimens that were watery, bloody, or contained leukocytes. The peak isolation rate for C. jejuni was in persons ages 10 to 29 years; for Salmonella, in children younger than age 10 years; and for Shigella, in children ages 5 to 9 years. The clinical features of the three infections were nearly identical. In contrast, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, fever, tenesmus, and abnormal sigmoidoscopy findings were present significantly more often in patients infected with C. jejuni than in a control group of patients with diarrhea. Of patients with leukocytes in their stools and a history of fever, 45.9% were infected with one of the three pathogens. Use of laboratory and clinical findings defined groups with high or low risk of these three infections but could not accurately predict isolation. Fecal cultures had the highest yields when obtained from patients within 7 days from the onset of symptoms.
Space-time analysis of reactivity measurements (1984)

Space-time changes in the neutron flux or shape function at the detector location should be considered in rod worth measurements through the inverse kinetics equation. The modal-local method proposed in this study calculates the shape function, representing the localized perturbations due to reactor parameter changes. Once the lambda modes and local functions for several intermediate rod locations are calculated, the shape function is very easily obtained for varying rod positions. This allows implementation of the modal-local method as a reactivity meter for on-line data analysis. A rod drop experiment in a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor test facility, KAHTER, has been simulated in two-dimensional geometry and two energy groups with the time-dependent diffusion theory code, FX2-TH. The modal-local method reproduces the time-dependent FX2-TH reactivity and shape function with an overal accuracy of a percent. A control rod calibration with thermal-hydraulic feedback included was simulated in one-dimensional geometry and two energy groups, with the modal-local results within 0.5% of both the control-rod and the feedback reactivities calculated with the FX2-TH code. The modal-local method reroduced equally well the perturbed steady state flux distributions for the KAHTER facility in three-dimensional geometry and six energy groups calculated with the CITATION code, providing accurate space-time analysis of the integral and differential rod worth measurements performed at the KAHTER facility. These static and transient studies indicate the applicability of the proposed method in accounting for space-time effects in detector signals.
Progress of Journal 'Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy' (2009)

The paper has introduced the Journal 'Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy',presented its main journal evaluation indexes. The result indicates that the journal has made great progress in recent years. It gives much info. about the journal to authors.
Sequential localization of a radiating source by Doppler-shifted frequency measurements (1992)

For a single omnidirectional sensor in contact with a constant velocity source that radiates a constant frequency tone, the measurements of the Doppler-shifted frequencies over time do not provide sufficient information to localize the source. Instead, only the parameters of source rest frequency, speed, and range relative to a sensor can be determined. However, if over time three or more sensors sequentially come in contact with the source, the source trajectory can then be specified. This is termed sequential localization. A two-dimensional grid search technique to find the Doppler parameters from measurements taken by a single sensor alone is presented. From these parameters, it is next shown how sequential localization is accomplished. Two simulation examples are provided to verify the development. The localization root mean squared errors (RMSEs) are found to be very close to the Cramer-Rao bound.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cooking for restricted potassium diets in dietary treatment of renal patients (1989)

The efficiency of special cooking procedures for reduction of potassium levels in boiled potatoes was examined. All treatments produced lower potassium levels than usual boiling methods. Lowest levels were achieved with a combination of thinly sliced potato pieces, a 4:1 ratio of water volume to vegetable weight and a double cooking method. Overnight soaking before cooking and extension of cooking time did not give a similar magnitude of potassium reduction.
Negative Hydrogen Ion Source (1956)

A negative hydrogen ion source has been built which will yield from 25 to 30 μa of H− ions focused on a ¼-inch diameter spot. This is accomplished by first producing positive ions in a magnetic ion source. These ions are extracted and accelerated by at most 17.5 kv. The ions then pass through an electron pickup capillary tube into the center of which the electron donating gas is introduced. The H− ions emerging from this tube are accelerated by an additional 20 to 30 kv while the emerging secondary electrons are electrostatically repelled. The negative ions are then focused by an electrostatic ``saddle field'' lens and magnetically analyzed. An Evapor-ion pump is used to maintain the pressure in the ion source container less than 10−4 mm Hg.
Environmentally Responsive Molecular Baskets:  Unimolecular Mimics of Both Micelles and Reversed Micelles (2004)

[structure: see text] When four facially amphiphilic cholate derivatives are attached to a tetraaminocalixarene scaffold, the resulting molecule responds to environmental changes by rotation of the cholate units. In polar solvents, the molecule adopts a micellelike conformation with the hydrophilic alpha-faces of the cholates pointing outward. In nonpolar solvents, it turns inside out, assuming a reversed micellelike conformation with the hydrophobic beta-faces pointing outward. Switching between the two conformations is driven by solvophobic interactions and is fully reversible.
Secure Translation Using Fully Homomorphic Encryption and Sequence-to-Sequence Neural Networks (2018)

Working with confidential data and classified letters is very sensitive. Any operation on such data (e.g. archiving, transferring, and translating) is subject to strict rules; one of these important rules is to avoid any untrusted copy of such data. Political and governmental affairs are mainly dependent on full security of the related information especially when it comes to text translation. This paper is proposing a solution and a proof of concept for secured translation through a combination between Sequence-to-Sequence Neural Network and Homomorphic encryption, where neural network is trained on the plaintext. During the production, we feed the encoder with the encrypted text as well as the public key used for encryption and the decoder will generate the translated text in an encryption format which will be decrypted using the private key hosted at client side. The proposed work is verified using a large dataset of English and Arabic words. The results show that the output of the translation is not affected at all under the secure mode (after encryption of the input words) in comparison to the normal mode (without encryption.) However, the computational complexity is much increased.
Pathophysiology and Immune Dysfunction in Endometriosis (2015)

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent, chronic, proinflammatory disease prevalent in 10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. Characterized by the growth of endometrium-like tissue in aberrant locations outside of the uterus, it is responsible for symptoms including chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and subfertility that degrade quality of life of women significantly. In Canada, direct and indirect economic cost of endometriosis amounts to 1.8 billion dollars, and this is elevated to 20 billion dollars in the United States. Despite decades of research, the etiology and pathophysiology of endometriosis still remain to be elucidated. This review aims to bring together the current understanding regarding the pathogenesis of endometriosis with specific focus on mechanisms behind vascularization of the lesions and the contribution of immune factors in facilitating lesion establishment and development. The role of hormones, immune cells, and cytokine signaling is highlighted, in addition to discussing the current pharmaceutical options available for management of pain symptoms in women with endometriosis.
Improving Human Performance and Comfort Through Perception: Technological Applications for Space (2013)

Perception allows us to represent, interpret, and interact with our world, a process that depends on the human brain and on its ability to adapt to change. Confined space quarters exert harsh physical and mental rigors on humans, which can be detrimental to human brain function. However, technology can alleviate the effect of severe environmental conditions. When technology is compatible with our brain's mode of operation, the interface becomes intuitive, and human error is less likely. Technology systems and patents that support effective interaction between perception and our environment, along with their evolution, could lead to improved function and even comfort under strenuous conditions. Keywords: Perception, virtual reality, augmented reality, neural systems, circadian rhythms, human brain, cognition, environment, patent.
The CD112R/CD112 axis: a breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy (2021)

The recent discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors is a significant milestone in cancer immunotherapy research. However, some patients with primary or adaptive drug resistance might not benefit from the overall therapeutic potential of immunotherapy in oncology. Thus, it is becoming increasingly critical for oncologists to explore the availability of new immune checkpoint inhibitors. An emerging co-inhibitory receptor, CD112R (also called PVRIG), is most commonly expressed on natural killer (NK) and T cells. It binds to its ligand (CD112 or PVRL2/nectin-2) and inhibits the strength with which T cells and NK cells respond to cancer. Therefore, CD112R is being presented as a new immune checkpoint inhibitor with high potential in cancer immunotherapy. CD112 is easily detectable on antigen-presenting or tumor cells, and its high level of expression has been linked with tumor progression and poor outcomes in most cancer patients. This review explores the molecular and functional relationship between CD112R, TIGIT, CD96, and CD226 in T cell responses. In addition, this review comprehensively discusses the recent developments of CD112R/CD112 immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy and prognosis.
강릉지역 고등학교 도시락 급식에 있어서의 영양적 품질 평가 (2000)

This study was carried out to evaluate nutritional quality of the dosirak served by 3 Dosirak manufacturing establishments in Kangnung. The subjects of this study came from 3 different male high schools in Kangnung. The portion amounts of Dosirak were weighed and the food intake was measured by substracting the leftover from the averaged portion amount. The leftover was measured by a modified aggregate selection plate waste measurement technique. The nutrient intakes were analyzed by a computer aided nutritional analysis program for professionals(CAN pro). The menu of the dosirak was too simple. The total amount of Dosirak was 7l4g and the percent of plate waste was 7.2%. The male high school students were taking adequate energy, but the nutrients which did not meet 75% of the 1/3RDA(Recommended Dietary Allowances) were Ca, Fe, and vitamin B2. (Korean J Community Nutrition 5(2S) : 316~323, 2000)
Increase in blood viscosity in the sprinting horse: can it account for the high pulmonary arterial pressure? (1998)

Blood was taken from 49 Thoroughbred horses before and after racing at the track to determine if frusemide modified the apparent viscosity of the blood and to determine the effects of changes in shear rate and packed cell volume (PCV), associated with strenuous exercise, on apparent and relative viscosities. Small increases in apparent viscosity of the blood (at a specified PCV and shear rate) occurred in horses given frusemide compared to those receiving no frusemide; however, no differences were seen in relative viscosity. Although 2 groups of horses, those receiving frusemide before racing and those not receiving this drug were studied, the results suggest no influence of frusemide on any red blood cell variable that might modify apparent blood viscosity. Apparent viscosity of the blood was slightly (but significantly) higher after racing than before racing at any given PCV and shear rate, but relative viscosity was lower in the post race than in the prerace blood sample. The most important contributing factor to the increase in apparent viscosity in blood during racing is the increase in PCV, because the blood becomes nearly shear rate independent at shear rates likely to exist in the cardiovascular system during exercise. With an increase in PCV from 40 to 65% at shear rates above 225/s, apparent viscosity approximately doubled. However, this increase alone cannot account for the elevated pulmonary vascular pressure in the running horse, and additional factors, especially those causing the high left atrial pressure, must be considered. The cause of the elevated pressure may be multifactorial in nature.
Biopesticides: an ecofriendly approach for pest control. (2010)

An ecofriendly alternative to chemical pesticides is biopesticides, which encompasses a broad array of microbial pesticides, biochemicals derived from micro-organisms and other natural sources, and processes involving the genetic incorporation of DNA into agricultural commodities that confer protection against pest damage. Biopesticides fall into three major classes. The potential benefits to agriculture and public health programmes through the use of biopesticides are considerable. The interest in biopesticides is based on the disadvantages associated with chemical pesticides are discussed. The total world production of biopesticides is over 3,000 tons/yr, which is increasing at a rapid rate. India has a vast potential for biopesticides. However, its adoption by farmers in India needs education for maximizing gains. The market share of biopesticides is only 2.5% of the total pesticide market. The stress on organic farming and on residue free commodities would certainly warrant increased adoption of biopesticides by the farmers. Biopesticides being target pest specific are presumed to be relatively safe to non-target organism including humans. However, in India, the registration committee requires the data on chemistry, bioefficacy, toxicity and packaging and labeling, for registration. Pesticide Registration Committee has so far not approved any guidelines for the registration of GM biopesticides. In India, some of the biopesticides like Bt, NPV, neem based pesticides, etc. have already been registered and are being practiced.
Growth peculiarities of graded band Gap GaAsSb/GaAs heterostructures and effective light modulation in the 1.06 μm wavelength region (1983)

Growth features of LPE n-GaAs1−x-Sbx/n+-GaAs (n ≈ 1015 cm−3) continuously graded composition heterostructures are investigated and the electroabsorption spectra in these heterocompositions are analysed. Franz-Keldysh light modulators are used with a modulation coefficient up to 30% in the wavelength region up to 1.06 μm. [Russian Text Ignored].
CIP: A new technique for measuring doping profiles (1968)

A new technique for plotting doping profiles, CIP, involves driving a Schotky diode deposited on the surface of a semiconductor wafer with a small constant RF current (a few hundred microamps at 5 MHz). The depth of depletion layer is varied by changing the dc bias, but this is the only role of the dc voltage. The inverse doping profile n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> (x) is obtained by monitoring the voltage across the dbde at the fundamental frequency, which is proportional to the depth x, and the second harmonic voltage, which is proportional to n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> . An X-Y recorder is used directly to plot n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> as a function of x as the dc voltage is varied. If desired, an analog divider circuit could be added to invert the n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1</sup> signal so that n would be plotted. This type of plotter has the advantages of simplicity, high resolution (limited only by the Debye length in most cases), immediate results and a large reduction in cost. It can also be used to evaluate junction devices.
Circulating cancer cells: Pre-and post-chemotherapy observations (1971)

Multiple samples of blood were obtained from the antecubital vein of 45 women with breast cancer and 26 patients with adenocarcinoma of the colorectum for circulating cancer cells. Each specimen, consisting of 10 ml of heparinized blood, was poured onto a Nuclepore membrane filter, followed by an application of 100 ml of isotonic saline solution for clear filtration. The filters were stained by conventional Papanicolaou method and examined by light microscopy. Two of 27 women with breast cancer metastasized to lymph nodes yielded positive results. Thirteen of 8 patients with adenocarcinoma limited in the breast, however, showed a high incidence (72%) of circulating cancer cells. Twenty-five of 27 women with positive axillary lymph nodes failed to yield cancer cells. One of 18 patients with adenocarcinoma of the colorectum involving the regional lymph nodes showed tumor cells, while 17 patients had negative blood cytology. On the other hand, 5 of 8 patients with adenocarcinoma limited to the colon and rectum had multiple groups of cancer cells. An intravenous injection of 5-Fluorouracil (15 mg/kg of body weight per week) was continued for 2 months, followed by reexamination of multiple blood samples for circulating cancer cells. Post-chemotherapy specimens yielded groups of cancer cells showing extreme degeneration. Most of the blood samples obtained from patients with mammary and colonic carcinomas which metastasized to regional lymph nodes did not generally reveal circulating cancer cells, while 72,% of the patients with cancer confined within the breast or colon yielded many circulating cancer cells. It was postulated that certain patients possessed some type of intrinsic host resistance which destroys the detached cancer cells. A few circulating cancer cells might have been neutralized or dissolved by antibodies allegedly secreted from nodes containing tumor. The immunologic defense mechanism allegedly present in some patients with cancer, which prevents the spread of tumor, will, however, have to be the subject of future intense and tedious investigation.
Delayed Tarsal Eversion Following Periorbital Trauma (1995)

Delayed onset of upper lid edema with exuberant chemosis developed in a 3-year-old girl following blunt periorbital trauma. Examination under anesthesia demonstrated a tightly everted upper tarsus that focally compressed the underlying conjunctiva at the superior tarsal border. Injection of subconjunctival hyaluronidase followed by local compression and temporary tarsorrhaphy resulted in rapid resolution of the chemosis and restoration of the normal lid position.
CAR-T cells in multiple myeloma: current status (2020)

Summary Starting with the approval of bortezomib, a proteasome-inhibiting drug, tremendous progress has been achieved in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) patients during the last 15 years. Due to a plethora of novel drugs such as second generation proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulating agents and monoclonal antibodies the 5‑year survival of MM patients has been extended from 33% at the turn of the millennium to approximately 60% in younger patients (<65–70 years) who were eligible for consolidation with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Unfortunately, virtually all patients suffer from relapse and ultimately succumb to the disease, indicating the need for additional treatment strategies. Currently there are two promising immunologic approaches. First, bispecific antibodies called BITE ( bi specific T -cell e nhancer), which act as fusion proteins with two single-chain variable fragments, target antigens on malignant cells and bind the CD3 receptor and thereby recruit T‑cells to the target cells. The second strategy is chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineered T‑cell therapy that attacks myeloma cells by recognizing specific targets such as CD138, BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen), light-chains, SLAM-F7 (signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 7) or the pan B‑cell antigen CD19. Several early phase clinical trials show encouraging results in patients who have relapsed after modern treatment including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulating drugs and monoclonal antibodies. Here, we briefly summarize current clinical knowledge about CAR‑T cell treatment in multiple myeloma, including clinical data presented at the 61st American Society of Hematology annual meeting held in December 2019 in Orlando.
Equivalent Black volatilities (1999)

We consider European calls and puts on an asset whose forward price F(t) obeys dF(t)=α(t)A(F)dW(t,) under the forward measure. By using singular perturbation techniques, we obtain explicit algebraic formulas for the implied volatility σ B in terms of today's forward price F 0 ≡ F(0), the strike K of the option, and the time to expiry tex . The price of any call or put can then be calculated simply by substituting this implied volatility into Black's formula. For example, for a power law (constant elasticity of variance) model dF(t)=aFβ dW(t) we obtain σ B = a/f aυ 1− β {1 + (1−β)(2+β)/24 (F 0 − K/f aυ)2 + (1 − β)2/24 a 2 tex /f aυ 2−2β +…} where f aυ = ½(F 0 + K). Our formula for the implied volatility is not exact. However, we show that the error is insignificant, rarely approaching 1/1000 of the time value of the option. We also present more accurate (albeit more complicated) formulas which can be used for the implied volatility.
Iron Chelation by the Powerful Antioxidant Flavonoid Quercetin (2006)

Chelation of the bare and hydrated iron(II) cation by quercetin has been investigated at the DF/B3LYP level in the gas phase. Several complexed species arising from neutral and anionic forms of the ligand have been taken into account. Both 1:1 and 1:2 metal/flavonoid stoichiometries have been considered. Results indicate that among the potential sites of chelation present on quercetin, the oxygen atoms belonging to the 3-hydroxy and 4-oxo, and to the 5-hydroxy and 4-oxo groups, are the preferred ones. Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations, used to reproduce the electronic UV−vis spectra of isolated quercetin and its complexes with Fe2+, were also performed in methanol and dimethylsulfoxide. Keywords: Quercetin; iron(II); complexation; antioxidants