gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Haptic (2005)

Authentication for the purposes of security has taken giant strides since the introduction of Biometrics to help identify people by their behavioral and physiological features. From organizations and corporations to educational institutes, electronic resources, and even crime scenes, Biometrics offers a wide application scope to detect fraud attempts. This paper proposes a research path to achieve the task of authenticating users that are working in a haptic-based environment. The field of Biometrics can be divided into two main classes of human features. Birth-given characteristics like fingerprints and facial features cannot be developed or altered by humans. Behavioral characteristics such as hand signature and voice fall into the second class [1]. The work presented in this paper pursues the latter class and specifically studies how a person reacts to using daily devices or tools. The fact that we can exploit people's habits in handling devices to detect identity was the hypothesis that motivated this work.
Development of an Antiwhirl Core Bit (1995)

Summary The application of whirl-reducing technology to core bits has provided significantly improved coring performance. Laboratory and field tests show that the elimination of bit whirl reduces core jamming problems and produces cores that are smoother, closer to gauge diameter, and less fractured than those drilled with standard polycrystalline-diamond-compact (PDC) core bits. Eliminating bit whirl also results in a more efficient cutting process, which can lead to improved rates of penetration. Utilizing the antiwhirl core-bit technology can improve the economics of conventional coring operations significantly and also can make wireline-retrievable coring with conventional rigs and drillstrings a practical alternative.
Critical evaluation of thermal and non-thermal accelerated lipid oxidation in fish oil (2014)

Today saturated lipids in food are increasingly replaced by healthier unsaturated lipids. These new lipid-rich food products are more susceptible to lipid oxidation resulting in the formation of undesired flavors and aromas. Fish oil is one of the most oxidative instable products due to its high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as DHA and EPA. The development of undesired organoleptic changes in fish oil is often noticeable after a few days or weeks. To study these oxidative lipid mechanisms in a faster manner, accelerated oxidation tests are required. Today most accelerated lipid oxidation tests are based on increasing temperature (e.g. Rancimat approach). However, several studies indicate a poor correlation with natural lipid oxidation mechanisms due to widely divergent kinetics in function of the employed temperature. Recent studies also show that antioxidant properties can be falsely interpreted when applying elevated temperatures. In this study a-tocopherol was added to fish oil. Both standard fish oil, as the enriched matrix, were exposed to different thermal conditions for accelerated oxidation. In this work volatile organic compounds were measured as markers for fish oil oxidation. A natural aging test was set up by storing a sample of fresh fish oil in the dark at ambient temperature. This test was used as a reference to evaluate the above-mentioned accelerated oxidation methods. Additionally, in this study a highly innovative technique, non-thermal plasma technology, was applied on the fish oil matrices. Recently, Van Durme et al. (2014) published that Non-thermal Plasma might have the potential to study lipid oxidation mechanisms in an faster manner at moderate conditions, hence possibly inducing changes closer to natural oxidation mechanisms. Fish oil samples were treated with a radio-frequency plasma jet (0.3% O2/Argon plasma). First results of this highly innovative technique will be discussed for fish oil, with and without a-tocopherol, and compared with both the discussed thermally-based and natural oxidation tests.
ChemInform Abstract: New Chromenols from a Southern Australian Tunicate, Aplidium solidum. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pentamidine Pharmacokinetics in Patients with AIDS with Impaired Renal Function (1987)

In patients with normal renal function, pentamidine elimination half-life and plasma clearance (mean +/- SD) were 6.22 +/- 1.17 hr and 411 +/- 55 liters/hr, respectively. With creatinine clearances from 35 to 145 ml/min, neither the elimination half-life (P = .47) nor the plasma clearance (P = .40) was correlated with renal function. Plasma concentrations in patients receiving dialysis ranged between 5.9 and 582 ng/ml and appeared not to be significantly affected by dialysis. The number of prior doses and the elimination half-life estimated from the terminal slope were correlated (r = .81, P = .025), and the results suggested that the current assay technology is still not sensitive enough to detect true elimination half-life. Trough plasma concentrations ranged between 4.3 and 67.5 ng/ml (28.4 +/- 26.6 ng/ml) in patients who had received prior doses of pentamidine, a result suggesting that drug accumulation occurs with multiple dosing. The data suggest that dosage adjustments are not necessary with creatinine clearances of greater than 35 ml/min. Because multiple dosing leads to increased trough concentrations and drug accumulation, lower dose regimens may still be efficacious, yet associated with reduced toxicity.
In Vitro Interaction of the HIV Protease Inhibitor Ritonavir with Herbal Constituents: Changes in P-gp and CYP3A4 Activity (2004)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro interactions of commercially obtained pure herbal constituents with p-glycoprotein P-gp and cytochrome P-450 3A4 (CYP3A4) activities, which can further modulate the transcellular transport and metabolism kinetics of orally administered drugs. Caco-2 cells grown in the presence of 0.25 micromol/L 1alpha,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and multidrug-resistant 1 (MDR1) transfected MDCK cells were used as models to evaluate the effect of purified herbal constituents (quercetin, hypericin, hyperforin from St. John's wort, kaempferol from ginseng, silibinin from milk thistle, and allicin from garlic) on P-gp-mediated efflux of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitor ritonavir. In addition, the inhibitory effect of these constituents on CYP3A4-mediated metabolism was determined by using cortisol as a model compound. Silibinin and hyperforin did not significantly alter cellular uptake of H-ritonavir in Caco-2 cells. A similar result was also observed for silibinin when tested in MDR1-MDCK cells. Quercetin, hypericin, and kaempferol exhibited a remarkable inhibition of P-gp-mediated efflux of ritonavir by increasing its cellular uptake in these models. These values were also comparable with the inhibitory effect of quinidine in Caco-2 cells, a well-known inhibitor of P-gp, on ritonavir efflux from Caco-2 cells. Allicin exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibition of ritonavir efflux when tested on MDR1-MDCK cells. There was a significant decrease in the Apical to Basal/Basal to Apical (AP-BL/BL-AP) transport ratio of ritonavir in presence of hypericin, kaempferol, and quercetin. These herbal constituents inhibited the CYP3A4 activity when tested with the Vivid CYP3A4 assay kit, whereas silibinin did not alter cortisol metabolism. Hypericin showed a significant inhibition in reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent metabolism of cortisol with 64.6% of intact drug at the end of a 1-hour study. Similarly, kaempferol and quercetin also caused substantial inhibition of cortisol metabolism with 89.7% and 90.1% of intact cortisol, respectively, compared with 45.9% in the control. Prolonged exposure of quercetin resulted in significant increase of mRNA expression of both MDR1 and CYP3A4 levels in Caco-2 cells. However, hyperforin caused upregulation of CYP3A4 and downregulation of MDR1, whereas the effect of silibinin and kaempferol remained inconclusive on these gene expressions. Hypericin, kaempferol, quercetin, and allicin inhibit the efflux and CYP3A4-mediated metabolism of xenobiotics in vitro. Hence, this study warns against the use of herbal constituents along with prescribed HIV protease inhibitors that are substrates for P-gp and/or CYP3A4.
Oral Inflammation and Periodontitis (2010)

The oral cavity is a complex organ system composed of salivary glands, tongue, tonsils, and teeth. The tissues of the oral cavity are either mineralized-hard (e.g., enamel, dentin, cementum, and bone) or soft tissues (e.g., mucosa, periodontal ligament, and gingiva), which altogether maintain a complex system of function and esthetics. The oral cavity is the entrance to and a major component of the gastrointestinal tract as the first site in the body to break down the food due to its masticatory function; it is also the gateway for respiration. Oral systems are crucial for proper phonation; the alignment of the teeth affects how words are pronounced. Facial esthetics is also directly associated with the shapes of the teeth and soft tissues surrounding them. With this unique blend of components and functions, the health and the disease of the oral cavity, therefore, present an important area of research as well as a challenge to the maintenance of general health. As in many diseases common to humankind, oral pathologies are associated with alterations in tissue homeostasis. Oral pathological conditions and diseases have been recognized as important health problems since the dawn of the early civilizations. For example, golden toothpicks found in Mesopotamia have indicated that Sumerians were practicing oral hygiene as early as 3000 B.C. Various herbal medications were used by Babylonians and Assyrians to “treat” periodontal problems. Egyptians, Chinese, and Indians all have written documentation of treating dental and periodontal inflammation, ulcerations, and abscesses.
A reference collection for web spam (2006)

We describe the WEBSPAM-UK2006 collection, a large set of Web pages that have been manually annotated with labels indicating if the hosts are include Web spam aspects or not. This is the first publicly available Web spam collection that includes page contents and links, and that has been labelled by a large and diverse set of judges.
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Prolactinoma: Outcomes in 56 Patients (2017)

Introduction: Prolactinoma is the most common type of hormonally active pituitary adenoma. Medication remains the primary treatment, but many studies on microsurgical outcomes of prolactinomas have been reported; however, reports using the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) are rare. We report a large series of prolactinoma patients analyzed by cavernous sinus invasiveness using the Knosp's criteria.
A new microsporidiosis occurring in larvae of Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) released on an oak tree, Quercus acutissima and a possible insect-vector, Lepidogma kiiensis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) inhabitating the same plant (2002)

On a detecte des spores de microsporidiens sur les larves malades du ver a soie du chene chinois, Antheraea pernyi. On a trouve des spores similaires sur des larves de Lepidogma kiiensis et on a considere que cette espece etait un vecteur de la microsporidiose. Des isolats des larves de A. pernyi et de L. kiiensis ont ete nommes respectivement a titre d'essai, NISES-AP et NISES-LK et sont tres similaires aux spores NIS M12 de Vairimorpha sp. precedemment enregistrees chez des larves de Bombyx mori mortes, de par leur forme allongee et leur reactivite aux latex traites aux anticorps monoclonaux utilises pour detecter l'antigene specifique de surface des spores M12. Les nouveaux isolats presentent une pathogenicite pour les larves de B. mori. Ces resultats suggerent que les isolats que l'on a actuellement trouves sont NIS M12 de V. sp lui-meme.
Role of T<sub>H</sub>17 Responses in Increasing Herpetic Keratitis in the Eyes of Mice Infected with HSV-1 (2020)

Our results suggest that the absence of IL17 protects against HSV-1-induced eye disease, but has no role in protecting against virus replication, latency, or reactivation. In addition, our data provide rationale for blocking IL17RC function rather than IL17A or IL17RA function as a key driver of HSV-1-induced eye disease.
Correlation of macrophage‐mediated tumor‐cell lysis with the production of macrophage cytolytic factor (CF). preliminary characterization of a factor inhibiting cf production (1986)

Macrophage-mediated cytolysis of thymidine-prelabelled murine A9 fibrosarcoma cells was compared to the level of cytolytic factor (CF) present in the cultures by assaying supernatant aliquots on actinomycin (AcD)-treated A9 fibrosarcoma cells. A good correlation between the level of A9 killing and CF titer was observed when different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were added to various macrophage populations: murine peritoneal cells, short-term bone-marrow (BM)-derived macrophages and JBM phi macrophage lines. Optimal A9 killing and CF secretion, equivalent to the killing of about 1000 AcD-pretreated A9 cells by a single macrophage, were obtained following activation of JBM phi by LPS. CF production by BM-derived macrophages was enhanced in serum-free medium when compared to its release in the presence of fetal calf serum. The LPS-activated macrophages could be restimulated by the activating agent to produce CF following one week of propagation in the absence of LPS. On the other hand, CF activity was absent from the supernatants of activated macrophages co-cultured with normal embryonic fibroblasts, which are resistant to macrophage-mediated killing. This effect could be attributed to a factor, secreted by normal fibroblasts but not by A9 cells, which suppressed CF release from the activated macrophages. Our data strongly support earlier observations, suggesting that CF [which appears to resemble the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)] is responsible for LPS-induced macrophage-mediated tumor cell lysis. It is suggested that suppression of the latter process by the fibroblast-derived factor proceeds via inhibition of CF/TNF production from the macrophage.
Chromate conversion coatings on aluminium: Growth of layers of spherical particles (1984)

SUMMARYThe development of conversion coatings during the immersion of aluminium in a solution of 6.5g/l CrO3 + 3.875g/l NaF at 20°C was studied by scanning electron microscopy. X-ray microanalysis, weight change and potential-time techniques. Coatings were formed by precipitation of spherical particles, 2–4μm diameter, which merged and formed successive layers. Growth mechanisms and adhesion of the coatings are discussed and related to conversion coatings formed from widely used solutions.
The hydrodynamic Nano Particles Radius Measured in Three Dimensions to Reduce Measurement Error (2013)

Engineering and Technology in the coming century instrumentations, will encounter the dimensions within the range of nanometers for nano particles. Knowing the size of nano particles has great impact on mechanical strength, density, optical and thermal properties for final product, the nano measurements are very necessary. From the current styles about the measurement of nano particles can name dynamic and static light scattering. Dynamic light scattering is one of the most applicable techniques for measuring the hydrodynamic radius of nano particles. In this method autocorrelation function computes in the certain angle by measuring intensity scattering of incident light. In this paper theoretically simultaneously measures the scattering and computes in three directions, and the results compared with measuring in a direction mode. The procedure showed that the measurement accuracy was improved. It also showed the need for a measurement system in high speed hardware.
Measured 234,238U and Fallout 239,240Pu in Human Bone Ash from Nepal and Australia (1983)

Human bone samples from Nepal and Australia were analyzed for isotopic uranium and fallout plutonium. The Nepalese samples were obtained for a 3-yr period (1976–78) while the Australian samples are representative of a single year (1977). The surface air plutonium concentrations for the latitude bands of these countries were either measured and/or estimated from 1954 through 1978. With the plutonium air concentrations and age-dependent breathing rates as input data, the measured human bone results were compared with skeletal estimates derived from the ICRP Task Group Inhalation Model, and the agreement was found to be reasonably good. The measured isotopic uranium concentrations in these samples provide a benchmark against which to assess fallout plutonium based upon a comparison of the skeletal alpha radiation dose from a natural actinide to these populations.
Arterial stiffness is increased in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (2012)

Arterial stiffness is increased in patients with IBD independently of conventional cardiovascular risk factors.
Natural Cytotoxicity of Mouse Monocytes and Macrophages (1979)

Abstract Adherent-phagocytic cells were obtained from the peripheral blood and the unstimulated peritoneal cavity of normal C3H/HeN mice and tested for their cytotoxicity in an in vitro 3H-TdR release assay and in a growth inhibition assay. These cells had appreciable cytolytic and cytostatic activity, which varied with the attacker: target (A:T) cell ratio, against TU5, an SV40 virus-transformed BALB/c tumor cell line. Cytolytic activity was first detected after 48 hr of incubation and was considerably higher at 72 hr. In contrast, this line was resistant to cytotoxicity by nonadherent lymphoid cells at the A:T ratios employed, and adherent cells from the peritoneal cavity were not cytotoxic against YAC-1 target cells in a 4-hr 51Cr release assay. The natural cytotoxicity of adherent cells from the peritoneal cavity was largely inhibited by treatment with silica. These results indicated that the natural reactivity observed here was mediated by macrophages and not by natural killer cells. The cytotoxic reactivity of the macrophages from normal mice could not be attributed to activation by a variety of possible in vivo or in vitro stimuli. Cells from germ-free nude mice had cytolytic activity, as did cells cultured in medium containing endotoxin-free fetal bovine serum or normal mouse serum. Activation by interferon produced in vitro was also unlikely since marcophages cultured in the presence of anti-interferon were also cytotoxic. As previously described for activated macrophages, peritoneal macrophages from normal C3H/HeJ mice were significantly less cytotoxic than macrophages from syngeneic C3H/HeN mice. The monocytes and macrophages seemed to have somewhat different properties since the addition of lymphokine-containing medium to the adherent peripheral monocytes increased their cytotoxicity, whereas no enhanced activity was observed by adding this supernatant to resident peritoneal macrophages. The normal macrophages and monocytes reacted against both syngeneic (1023) and allogeneic (TU5) tumor cells as well as mouse fibroblast cells transformed by SV40 virus (SV40-3T3). Similar activity was also observed against a human cell line derived from a patient with breast cancer (G11) and against human fibroblast cells transformed by SV40 (SV40-2931 and SV40-2303), but not against nontransformed fibroblasts from the same donors. Thus, normal murine peripheral monocytes and peritoneal macrophages possess natural cytotoxic activity that is selective for tumor and virus-transformed cells.
Effect of monomer composition on the properties of high temperature polymer concretes (1980)

The effects of organic monomer composition on the thermomechanical properties of polymer concrete (PC) containing sand-cement mixtures as an agregate filler were investigated. The effects of various monomer mixtures on compressive strength and hydrolytic stability are discussed. Composites were fabricated in the same way as ordinary concrete, with monomer solutions of various compositions and concentrations used to bind the sand-cement mixture. The compressive strengths of th composites before and after exposure to air and to brine solutions at 240/sup 0/C are discussed.
Localization of <i>P. gingivalis</i> in Preterm Delivery Placenta (2009)

Increasing evidence suggests an association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Although infection is considered as a risk factor for preterm delivery, the localization of oral bacteria or their antigens in chorioamnionitis placental tissue has never been demonstrated. This study was devised to test the hypothesis that periodontal pathogens may be present and affect human placenta in cases of chorioamnionitis. Using immunocytochemistry, we have identified the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis antigens in placental tissues. The antigens were detected in the placental syncytiotrophoblasts, chorionic trophoblasts, decidual cells, and amniotic epithelial cells, as well as the vascular cells. There was a substantial increase in immunostaining intensity of the tissues sectioned from women with chorioamnionitis compared to those experiencing normalterm pregnancy, p < 0.019 (Mann-Whitney test). These results suggest that P. gingivalis may commonly colonize placental tissue, and that the presence of the organism may contribute to preterm delivery.
Hydrogen-related dynamic dielectric behavior of barium titanate single crystals (2006)

Barium titanate single crystals had been placed in 0.01M NaOH solution to deposit hydrogen on their electrodes through the electrolysis of water. Two kinds of time-dependent changes in dielectric properties of the single crystals were observed: One occurred in the course of hydrogen deposition and the other lasted for a long period of time after the deposition. The diffusion of hydrogen and in and out of the single crystals may be the cause for the changes. This hydrogen-related dynamic dielectric behavior clearly shows that hydrogen is an important mobile ion other than oxygen vacancy in perovskite-type lattice. Extra attention should be paid to the role of hydrogen in time-dependent property changes, including resistance degradation and ferroelectric aging, of perovskite-type ferroelectric titanates.
A multi frequency radar for detecting landmines: design aspects and electrical performance (2001)

A radar has been designed and built for application in the problem of anti-personnel landmine detection. The radar is based on the principle of a Stepped Frequency Continuous Wave (SFCW) transmission scheme. The novelty of the system is, that it transmits 8 frequencies at the same time through one antenna and that it repeats this procedure 16 times with shifted frequency offsets in order to collect a set of 128 frequency samples. The resolution in the synthesized range profile in air is just over 3cm, while the total frequency coverage is from 400MHz upto 4845 MHz, so ultra wide band. The architecture of the radar however is based on Commercial Off The Shelf narrow band technology. The acquisition time for collection of a full set of 128 frequencies covering the ultra wide band is less than 2 msec. This short time was achieved by simultaneously transmitting 8 frequencies and using Direct Digital Synthesis for signal generation. The concept of SFCW radar is prone to errors in phase. Therefore a calibration facility is built in. First results of the system while it is still in the setting-to-work phase are encouraging.