gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection and chemistry of the triplet state of thymine (1970)

The transient produced on flash excitation of degassed solutions of thymine in acetonitrile has been characterized as the triplet excited state of thymine. This triplet state has a lifetime of 14 ± 1 μs and the associated dimerization rate was found to be 5.3 ± 0.3 × 10 8 M −1 s −1 . The triplet state of thymine could be quenched by 2,4-hexadien-1-ol with a rate constant of 8.1 ± 0.6 × 10 9 M −1 s −1 .
ChemInform Abstract: Dibromosamarium: New Preparations and Evaluation as a Reducing Agent. (1995)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Comparison of Quality Characteristics and Breadmaking Functionality of Hard Red Winter and Hard Red Spring Wheat (2006)

ABSTRACT Various whole‐kernel, milling, flour, dough, and breadmaking quality parameters were compared between hard red winter (HRW) and hard red spring (HRS) wheat. From the 50 quality parameters evaluated, values of only nine quality characteristics were found to be similar for both classes. These were test weight, grain moisture content, kernel size, polyphenol oxidase content, average gluten index, insoluble polymeric protein (%), free nonpolar lipids, loaf volume potential, and mixograph tolerance. Some of the quality characteristics that had significantly higher levels in HRS than in HRW wheat samples included grain protein content, grain hardness, most milling and flour quality measurements, most dough physicochemical properties, and most baking characteristics. When HRW and HRS wheat samples were grouped to be within the same wheat protein content range (11.4–15.8%), the average value of many grain and breadmaking quality characteristics were similar for both wheat classes but significant differences still existed. Values that were higher for HRW wheat flour were color b *, free polar lipids content, falling number, and farinograph tolerance. Values that were higher for HRS wheat flour were geometric mean diameter, quantity of insoluble polymeric proteins and gliadins, mixograph mix time, alveograph configuration ratio, dough weight, crumb grain score, and SDS sedimentation volume. This research showed that the grain and flour quality of HRS wheat generally exceeds that of HRW wheat whether or not samples are grouped to include a similar protein content range.
Light intensification by cone oil droplets: electromagnetic considerations (1983)

Cone oil droplets are highly retractile, optically dense spheres located in front of the cone outer segment. Because of their refractile strength, absorbance, and size, these spherical oil droplets have a pronounced influence on the light reaching the photopigment. We used electromagnetic scattering theory to interrelate these factors, and we calculated the light energy distribution around cone oil droplets modeled as isolated spheres. The necessary electromagnetic parameters were determined from anatomical and optical measurements in the turtle retina. Cone and oil-droplet dimensions were determined with a light microscope. The index-of-refraction values for the red, yellow, orange, and clear oil droplets were measured to be 1.69, 1.55, 1.51, and 1.48, respectively, by the technique of immersion matching. The application of the electromagnetic scattering theory suggests that oil droplets significantly increase cone sensitivity. Cone action spectra predicted by this analysis show that the largest increases occur around the absorption maximum of each cone’s photopigment.
Acoustic microscopy for detection of osteoporotic bone properties (2005)

Acoustic microscopy reveals the possibility of delivering morphological and mechanical information simultaneously in the microscopic range and in two dimensions. Acoustic impedance was measured using a highly focussed 50 MHz transducer and a 200 MHz transducer to study the change in acoustic properties of bone in the case of osteoporotic skeletal disease. Iliac crest specimens, for which biopsies had shown different degrees of osteoporosis severity in histological staging, were measured by acoustic microscopy. The mean acoustic impedance, which is known to correlate well with bone mechanical properties, showed a decrease with the severity of the disease.
Systemic endotheliomatosis: a case report. (1975)

A 48-year-old Caucasian man was found to have a rare neoplastic process of vascular endothelial origin. The clinical presentation was that of plum-colored cutaneous plaques of the lower extremities. The histopathology, natural history, and treatment of this case are discussed and compared with previously reported cases. It is suggested that this disease entity represents a malignant state with systemic involvement and a poor prognosis.
Occurrence of AUSAB Test Positivity Unrelated to Prior Exposure to Hepatitis B Virus (1984)

Positive AUSAB test results in the absence of all other serological markers for hepatitis B have been seen frequently in serial serum specimens from quarantined chimpanzees. In this study the responsible reactant was found to be similar to IgM in terms of both size and charge. After the inoculation of hepatitis B virus, AUSAB-positive and AUSAB-negative chimpanzees were found to be equally susceptible to hepatitis B infection. Thus, the presence of this reactant did not confer immunity to hepatitis B or modulate the course of the disease. At present, hepatitis B virus-seronegative chimpanzees are excluded from use in research on hepatitis B because of the occurrence of this "false-positive" AUSAB test result. It is likely that humans may be denied active or passive immunization for similar reasons.
ChemInform Abstract: AROMATISCHE AMIDE 7. MITT. STERISCHE HINDERUNG DER WASSERSTOFF‐BINDUNG IN ORTHO‐SUBSTITUIERTEN ACETANILIDEN (1972)

Abstract Die Aniline (IIa) werden aus dem Nitroanilin (Ia) nach Sandmeyer und durch anschließende Reduktion mit Zn/HCI/Essigsäure erhalten, das Anilin (IIb) aus (Ib) durch saure Hydrolyse und anschließende katalytische Hydrierung des mit Diazomethan gebildeten Nitroesters.
Long-term mode shape degradation in large mode area Yb-doped pulsed fiber amplifiers (2016)

Experimental observation of long-term output mode shape degradation in pulsed Yb-doped fiber amplifiers is reported for the first time. The process occurs in large mode area Yb-doped fibers and is caused by the formation of the long period grating responsible for power transfer from the fundamental mode to the first high-order mode. The linkage between the process and photodarkening was revealed.
KNOCKOUT OF CASPASE-7 PROTECTS AGAINST OPTIC NERVE CRUSH-INDUCED RETINAL GANGLION CELL DEATH (2014)

Glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness worldwide is characterized by injury to the nerve of the eye leading to the death of certain eye cells called retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and vision loss. Currently available glaucoma therapies only attempt to reduce the eye pressure without addressing the associated RGC death problem. As a result, they do not always sufficiently slow the disease progression in all glaucoma patients. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop strategies for preventing glaucoma associated RGC death. Our preliminary studies have identified a novel protein, caspase-7 as a major player in RGC death pathways. We are studying the role of caspase-7 in RGC death in a mouse glaucoma model and whether it can be targeted for better therapeutic outcome. This project is significant because it will identify a new and potentially critical component of RGC death. This will aid in the design of better therapeutic treatment for glaucoma and other degenerative diseases.
Effect of heat and mass transfer properties on desiccant dehumidifier and cooling system performance (1988)

A mathematical model describing the heat and mass transfer processes that occur during sorption of water vapor in a dehumidifier consisting of parallel channels lines on either side with desiccant felt is presented. The model includes both gas-side and solid-side resistances for thermal and mass transport. The moisture diffusion in the desiccant is expressed by considering both gas phase diffusion and surface diffusion. The heat and mass transfer in the desiccant matrix occurs simultaneously and is coupled by an equilibrium sorption relation which is applied locally within the desiccant. Solutions are obtained by using an explicit finite-difference scheme. The effect of heat and mass transfer Biot numbers and other parameters on the performance of the desiccant dehumidifier and the cooling system are theoretically investigated. 26 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.
∂-Opioid Receptors and the Secretion of Growth Hormone in Man: Effect of Opioid ∂-Receptor Agonist Deltorphin on GH Responses to GH-Releasing Hormone and Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia (1992)

To investigate the role of delta-opioid receptors in the modulation of growth hormone (GH) secretion, we compared in normal subjects the effect of the highly selective delta-opioid receptor agonist Deltorphin (DT) on the GH secretion responses to pituitary (GH-releasing hormone, GHRH)- and hypothalamic (insulin-induced hypoglycemia, IIH)-mediated stimuli. DT blunted the GH response to IIH, whereas it had no effect on the GH response to GHRH. It is concluded that in man DT-induced activation of delta-opioid receptors exerts an inhibitory action on hypoglycemia-stimulated GH secretion. Based on the lack of an effect of DT on the GH response to GHRH, we suggest that DT may modulate the secretion of GH through suprapituitary mechanisms.
The X-SAR/SRTM Radar Data Analyzer (2000)

In order to monitor the performance of the X-SAR instrument during the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) of 1999 a software package which is called the Radar Data Analyzer (RDA) was applied. Therefore the Doppler centroid of both channels should be evaluated followed by a interferometric quicklook SAR processing comprising the calculation of the two single look complex (SLC) images as well as the formation of a (wrapped) interferogram. The visibility of the fringes in the interferogram finally indicates the correct setting of the beam steering. In addition to the basic functionality of the RDA, as quoted above, additional software tools were implemented to provide a comprehensive overview of the data quality and the sensor behavior.
Preliminary Test Results of Variable IF Tracking Loop (VITAL) for GNSS Signals (2017)

Correlation at an intermediate frequency (IF) produces a composite correlation function made of an envelope being that of the underlying code and an internal structure being that of the IF carrier. The IF carrier correlation introduces zero-crossings to the code correlation as if it pinches the code correlation envelope at the zero-crossing points, having the effect of creating a main peak and several secondary peaks. The quick decay towards zero-crossings sharpens the main peak, which is desired for accurate timing of the direct signal while isolating close-in multipath and spoofing signals. The functionality of variable IF correlation (VIC) in acquisition and its multipath performance are analyzed in a recent paper, together with its lock onto the main peak among secondary peaks without ambiguity and false lock. In this paper, the implementation of VIC into a variable IF tracking loop (VITAL) is presented. A publically available open-source software GPS receiver is modified into VITAL by simply replacing the conventional correlators using a half-chip spacing with the VIC using a spacing of one eighth cycle of IF. The modified software receiver is then used to demonstrate VITAL on real-world GPS C/A-code signals. The preliminary testing results show an increased code tracking accuracy as well as an increased performance positioning results.
Draft Genome Sequence of Tombunodavirus UC1 (2015)

We report here the draft genome sequence of tombunodavirus UC1 assembled from metagenomic sequencing of organisms in San Francisco wastewater. This virus shares hallmarks of members of the Tombusviridae and the nodavirus-like Plasmopara halstedii and Sclerophthora macrospora viruses.
Shape and reflectance from two-bounce light transients (2016)

Computer vision and image-based inference have predominantly focused on extracting scene information by assuming that the camera measures direct light transport (i.e., single-bounce light paths). As a consequence, strong multi-bounce effects are treated typically as sources of noise and, in many scenarios, the presence of such effects can result in gross errors in the estimates of shape and reflectance. This paper provides the theoretical and algorithmic foundations for shape and reflectance estimation from two-bounce light transients, i.e., scenarios where photons from a light source interact with the scene exactly twice before reaching the sensor We derive sufficient conditions for exact recovery of shape and reflectance given lengths and intensities associated with two-bounce light paths. We also develop algorithms for recovery of shape and reflectance, and validate these on a range of simulated scenes.
Computational Analysis of the Pulse Wave Velocity by a Fluid-Solid Coupled Model (2003)

Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) is a very useful index for the systemic assessment of the cardio vascular diseases. To explore more effective usage of the PWV for the localized diseases, we analyzed the fluid-solid coupled problem of the stenosed artery with various area reductions ranging from 0% to 50% by using our application software. It was assumed that the stenosed artery is axisymmetric and the shape of the stenosis is given as the Gaussian curve. It was found that the PWV of the stenosed artery increases with the increase of the severity of the stenosis and the difference of the PWV between the stenosed and straight arteries reached 0.9m/s for the stenosed artery with an area reduction of 50%.
Parameter estimation for link adaptation on land-mobile satellite links (2014)

Propagation conditions on a land-mobile satellite (LMS) link may change within the round-trip time. While for slowly fading channels the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the most important figure of merit to adapt the related transmission parameters, this does not hold true for mobile channels in general. Additional information about the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) and the Doppler spread of the fading component are typically necessary for successful link adaptation techniques. In this paper, we address carrier recovery as well as estimation of SNR, SIR, and Doppler spread for a Loo-Fontan channel, which is in the open literature frequently considered as a suitable model for LMS links. The focus is on the performance of an estimation framework, which we identified in a precursor study to be appropriate for correlated Rice channels. This developed framework is extended to LF conditions and verified by simulation results.
The Reaction between Propylene Oxide and the t-Butyl Grignard Reagent<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe Reaction between Propylene Oxide and the t-Butyl Grignard Reagent1Norman G. Gaylord and Lawrence D. CaulCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1955, 77, 11, 3132–3134Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01616a063https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01616a063research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views100Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Photoelectric Flow Birefringence Instrument of High Sensitivity (1958)

We have modified a conventional concentric-cylinder flow birefringence instrument (built by the Rao Instrument Company) by adding a photocell and a rotating disk that scans the annulus with a moving spot of light. In this way the optical intensity pattern formed in the image of the annulus by the combination of polarizer, analyzer, and quarter-wave plate is converted into an electrical wave which is then analyzed by an electronic device. Full advantage can be taken of the increased sensitivity to birefringence caused by the presence of the quarter-wave plate, since the presence of a bright background, so disturbing to the eye, is not important to the photocell. In effect, the system is converted to a linear dependence on the magnitude of the birefringence, instead of the quadratic one found in the conventional method of observation. The sensitivity is in fact increased by about a factor of ten over the same instrument used in the conventional way, and at the same time the measurements are made independent of the visual judgment of the experimenter. The linearity of the system also has considerable advantages when extraneous sources of birefringence are present, as is commonly the case.
Amino Acid Sequences of Neurotoxins I and III of the Elapidae Snake <i>Naja mossambica mossambica</i> (1977)

The amino acid sequences of two neurotoxins of the African cobra Naja mossambica mossambica have been determined using almost uniquely phenylisothiocyanate degradation in a liquid protein sequencer programmed alternatively with 'protein' and 'peptide' programs. When compared to known sequences of so-called 'short' neurotoxins belonging to other Elapidae snakes, neurotoxins I and III of Naja mossambica mossambica are very similar to the cobrotoxin, a neurotoxin isolated from the formosan cobra Naja atra atra.
Concentration- and Temperature-Induced Effects of Incorporated Desmopressin on the Properties of Reverse Hexagonal Mesophase (2009)

In this paper we report on the solubilization of desmopressin, as a model for peptide drugs, into reverse hexagonal (H(II)) liquid crystals. Concentration- and temperature-induced interactions of desmopressin, as well as the conformation of the peptide, were studied using small-angle X-ray scattering, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, SD-NMR, and rheological measurements. A considerable increase (up to 6 A) in the lattice parameter of the mesophases was obtained upon incorporation of the peptide. According to the ATR-FTIR analysis, the chaotropic effect of peptide embedment was assigned to its interactions with hydroxyls of monoglyceride in the outer interface region. These interactions had only a minor influence on the conformation of the peptide; weakening or opening the gamma-turns resulted in partial binding of the peptide's free carbonyls to monoolein. Temperature-dependent SAXS measurements displayed a chaotropic destabilizing effect of desmopressin on the structure, shifting toward the lower temperature H(II)-L(2) structural transition. Temperature increase resulted in an increase of the domain size in the presence of the peptide, in contrast to the trend observed in the empty mesophase. SD-NMR analysis enabled distinguishing between two factors impeding the diffusion of the peptide: the restriction of motion due to the geometrical constrain of diffusion within the water tubes, and the interactions of the guest molecule with monoglyceride. The onset of the critical behavior at 45 degrees C was found to be significant, indicating considerable weakening of the monoglyceride and desmopressin interactions and the destabilizing effect of the peptide on the mesophase above this temperature. Similar temperature-dependent behavior was revealed by rheological measurements displaying the same onset of the critical behavior. It was demonstrated by Franz diffusion cell measurements that hexagonal mesophases can potentially be used as delivery vehicles for sustained delivery of desmopressin.
Synthesis, cytotoxic evaluation, docking and <i>in silico</i> pharmacokinetic prediction of 4-arylideneamino/cycloalkylidineamino 1, 2-naphthoquinone thiosemicarbazones (2012)

In an attempt to develop potent anticancer agents, a series of 4-arylideneamino/cycloalkylidineamino-1, 2-naphthoquinone thiosemicarbazones were synthesized and characterized using FT-IR, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The compounds were screened for antiproliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines (Hep-G2, MG-63 and MCF-7) using the MTT assay. Significant anticancer activity was observed for several members of the series. The compounds 4-(3, 4, 5-trimethoxybenzylidene amino) 1, 2-naphthoquinone-2-thiosemicarbazone (TS10) and 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzylideneamino) 1, 2-naphthoquinone-2-thiosemicarbazone (TS13) were active cytotoxic agents in all three cancer cell lines, with IC50 values in the range of 3.5-6.4 µM. Further evaluation of some of these potent cytotoxic compounds demonstrated their good safety profile in a normal cell line (MCF-12A). Docking experiments showed a good correlation between the predicted glide scores and the IC50 values of these compounds. In silico ADME studies revealed that these compounds can be used for second generation development.
Involvement of Egr-1/RelA Synergy in Distinguishing T Cell Activation from Tumor Necrosis Factor-α–induced <i>NF-κB1</i> Transcription (1997)

NF-kappa B is an important transcription factor required for T cell proliferation and other immunological functions. The NF-kappa B1 gene encodes a 105-kD protein that is the precursor of the p50 component of NF-kappa B. Previously, we and others have demonstrated that NF-kappa B regulates the NF-kappa B1 gene. In this manuscript we have investigated the molecular mechanisms by which T cell lines stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and phytohemagglutin (PHA) display significantly higher levels of NF-kappa B1 encoding transcripts than cells stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha, despite the fact that both stimuli activate NF-kappa B. Characterization of the NF-kappa B1 promoter identified an Egr-1 site which was found to be essential for both the PMA/PHA-mediated induction as well as the synergistic activation observed after the expression of the RelA subunit of NF-kappa B and Egr-1. Furthermore, Egr-1 induction was required for endogenous NF-kappa B1 gene expression, since PMA/PHA-stimulated T cell lines expressing antisense Egr-1 RNA were inhibited in their ability to upregulate NF-kappa B1 transcription. Our studies indicate that transcriptional synergy mediated by activation of both Egr-1 and NF-kappa B may have important ramifications in T cell development by upregulating NF-kappa B1 gene expression.
Prestack 3-D TAU Migration and Velocity Analysis – Application to Seismic Data from Offshore Abu Dhabi (2005)

E015 Prestack 3-D TAU Migration and Velocity Analysis: Application to seismic data from Offshore Abu Dhabi Summary 1 We managed to apply a prestack 3-D τ� (a depth variant)� migration on a 3D seismic test data set from offshore Abu Dhabi using the final developed interval velocity model. The velocity model was built through an initial series of 2-D TAU migration velocity analysis and supplemented by 3-D subset migration. A 3-D TAU migration velocity analysis was used to apply the final two updates to the model. The final interval velocity model provided low residuals in common-image gathers and agreed well