gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Anomalous Electrochromic Behavior Of Ag-WO 3 And Au-WO 3 Cermets (1989)

Optical and electrochromic properties of Ag-WO<sub>3</sub> and Au-WO<sub>3</sub> cermets with different metal filling factors are presented. The two cermet systems show entirely different optical properties which have been examined in the light of Maxwell-Garnett theory. Under low density lithium ion insertion these systems exhibit normal electrochromic coloration with the formation of tungsten bronze (Li<sub>x</sub>W0<sub>3</sub>). However, beyond a certain threshold density of lithium ion insertion these systems show an anomalous behavior in the optical properties. This behavior seems to be originating from the irreversible formation of lithium tungstate (Li<sub>2</sub>W0<sub>4</sub>).
Scintillation Photon Detection and Event Selection in High Resolution Positron Emission Tomography (1987)

The scintillation photon detection and event selection subsystem for the high spatial resolution Donner 600-channel positron emission tomograph is described. The tomograph spatial resolution of better than 3.0 mm, FWHM, is obtained by using 600 closely-packed bismuth germanate 3 mm thick scintillation detectors. Each detector has its own 13.5 mm diameter photomultiplier and event selection channel, consisting of two fast pulse amplifiers, a charge integrator, a differential pulse height discriminator and precision time delay for event strobing. The event selection channel is capable of starting a timing cycle from the first photoelectron emitted from the photocathode. It is also capable of discriminating between true events and noise and of eliminating events occurring simultaneously in two adjacent channels. Adjustments of the event strobing time and two discriminator levels are performed by a computer.
Enhanced 77 K vortex-pinning in Y Ba2Cu3O7−x films with Ba2Y TaO6 and mixed Ba2Y TaO6 + Ba2Y NbO6 nano-columnar inclusions with irreversibility field to 11 T (2016)

Pulsed laser deposited thin Y Ba2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) films with pinning additions of 5 at. % Ba2Y TaO6 (BYTO) were compared to films with 2.5 at. % Ba2Y TaO6 + 2.5 at. % Ba2Y NbO6 (BYNTO) additions. Excellent magnetic flux-pinning at 77 K was obtained with remarkably high irreversibility fields greater than 10 T (YBCO-BYTO) and 11 T (YBCO-BYNTO), representing the highest ever achieved values in YBCO films.
1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor ontogenesis in fetal renal development (1995)

We used immunohistochemical techniques to examine the distribution of 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptors (VDR) in developing rat and mouse kidneys and murine metanephric organ culture. In vivo, the patterns of expression in the two species were similar despite the slight difference in gestational periods (rat, 22 days; mouse, 19 days). Starting at gestational day 15, epitopes for VDR were found in cells of branching ureteral buds and in surrounding mesenchyme and at later developmental stages in glomerular visceral and parietal epithelial cells and proximal and distal tubules (DT). Epitopes for the 28-kDa calcium-binding protein (calbindin D28k) were found exclusively in DTs starting at gestational day 19. The pattern of VDR expression during in vitro nephrogenesis in serum-free murine metanephric organ culture paralleled that seen in vivo. At the time of explantation into organ culture (gestational day 13), VDR epitopes were not detected. By 3 days of in vitro development, VDR expression was identical to that found in gestational day 15 metanephroi in vivo. VDR expression after 5 days of in vitro development mirrored the pattern of gestational day 17 metanephroi in vivo. No calbindin D28k epitopes were seen at any in vitro developmental stage studied. We demonstrate for the first time that VDR are present in specific areas of the developing rat and mouse kidney early in gestation. Calbindin D28k appears later in developing rat and mouse kidney and is distributed differently than the VDR. Metanephric organ culture may be a useful model for studying the regulation and function of VDR during early renal development.
Optical properties of molecular beam epitaxy grown ZnTe epilayers (1991)

Systematic comparative studies of the optical properties in the excitonic energy regime of MBE-grown ZnTe/GaAs and ZnTe/GaSb epilayers are presented. For these different substrate materials we investigate the influence of strain between layer and substrate the possible incorporation of impurities the electronic structure of the impurity-related exciton complexes and biexciton recombination processes at high-density excitation.
Visualization of ex vivo human ciliated epithelium and induced flow using optical coherence tomography (Conference Presentation) (2017)

The ciliated epithelium is important to the human respiratory system because it clears mucus that contains harmful microorganisms and particulate matter. We report the ex vivo visualization of human trachea/bronchi ciliated epithelium and induced flow characterized by using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). A total number of 17 samples from 7 patients were imaged. Samples were obtained from Columbia University Department of Anesthesiology’s tissue bank. After excision, the samples were placed in Gibco Medium 199 solution with oxygen at 4°C until imaging. The samples were maintained at 36.7°C throughout the experiment. The imaging protocol included obtaining 3D volumes and 200 consecutive B-scans parallel to the head-to-feet direction (superior-inferior axis) of the airway, using Thorlabs Telesto system at 1300 nm at 28 kHz A-line rate and a custom built high resolution SDOCT system at 800nm at 32 kHz A-line rate. After imaging, samples were processed with H and E histology. Speckle variance of the time resolved datasets demonstrate significant contrast at the ciliated epithelium sites. Flow images were also obtained after injecting 10μm polyester beads into the solution, which shows beads traveling trajectories near the ciliated epithelium areas. In contrary, flow images taken in the orthogonal plane show no beads traveling trajectories. This observation is in line with our expectation that cilia drive flow predominantly along the superior-inferior axis. We also observed the protective function of the mucus, shielding the epithelium from the invasion of foreign objects such as microspheres. Further studies will be focused on the cilia’s physiological response to environmental changes such as drug administration and physical injury.
QUASI SIMILARITY AND INJECTIVE p-QUASIHYPONORMAL OPERATORS (2005)

In this paper it is proved that quasisimilar n-tuples of tensor products of injective p-quasihyponormal operators have the same spectra, essential spectra and indices, respectively. And it is also proved that a Weyl n-tuple of tensor products of injective p-quasihyponormal operators can be perturbed by an n-tuple of compact operators to an invertible n-tuple.
HFpEF treatment: pharmacological therapy (2018)

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a diverse syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms of heart failure with relatively preserved ejection fraction. Despite the established efficacy of numerous classes of drugs and devices in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, no specific therapy has yet proven to reduce morbidity and mortality in HFpEF. Currently, treatment of HFpEF remains empiric, and includes diuretic therapy for decongestion, treatment of hypertension, diagnosis and treatment of ischaemia, rate control for atrial fibrillation, and treatment of co-morbidities. While outcomes trials in HFpEF have tested renin–angiotensin–aldosterone inhibitors, and none have met their primary endpoint, there is some evidence that in appropriate patients, the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone may be helpful to reduce heart failure hospitalizations. Several other medications have been tested in phase II trials. Sildenafil, isosorbide mononitrate, and the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator vericiguat did not show benefit in phase II trials. In contrast, sacubitril/valsartan was associated with a significant decrease in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide values and improvement in left atrial size in a phase II trial. A large phase III trial to confirm these findings is under way.
The variation of plasma concentrations of a novel, adipocyte derived protein, adiponectin, in patients with acute myocardial infarction (2003)

Adiponectin is a new member of adipocyte derived proteins belonging to the soluble defence collagens.1 Plasma adiponectin concentrations in obese subjects are decreased in spite of an adipose specific expression.1 More interestingly, the patients with chronic coronary artery disease exhibited lower plasma adiponectin concentrations compared to body mass index (BMI) matched control subjects.2 On the other hand, adiponectin accumulates in the vascular subendothelial space when the endothelial barrier is damaged.3 In vitro, adiponectin suppresses the expression of adhesion molecules in the vascular endothelial cells and cytokine production from macrophages.2,4 Therefore, the molecule may be involved in the inflammation and tissue repairing processes.

Acute coronary syndrome is often precipitated by acute thrombosis.5 It is commonly accepted that the rupture or the erosion of plaques by the inflammatory process leads to coronary thrombosis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The C reactive protein (CRP) concentrations in the acute phase are suggested to reflect pre-existing coronary plaque instability associated with the onset of AMI. The significance of adiponectin in acute coronary syndrome has never been investigated. In the present study, we examined the serial change in plasma adiponectin concentrations and its relation to plasma CRP concentration in …
Virtual Reality Technology for Psychological/Neuropsychological/Motor Assessment and Rehabilitation: Applications and Issues (2006)

Summary form only for tutorial. After an early period of inflated expectations and limited delivery, Virtual Reality (VR) technology has emerged as a viable tool for cognitive/behavioral mental health and rehabilitation applications. VR allows for the systematic presentation of stimuli that target human behavioral and cognitive processes relevant for assessment and intervention purposes. The capacity of VE technology to create dynamic interactive three-dimensional (3D) stimulus environments, within which all behavioral responding can be recorded and measured, offers clinical assessment and intervention options that are not available using traditional methods. These applications have shown promise for addressing: fear and anxiety with phobic and PTSD clients, distracting patients during painful and anxiety-provoking medical and dental procedures, treating eating disorders and obesity, navigation and spatial training in children with motor impairments, functional skills in persons with developmental disabilities and autism, and in the assessment (and in some cases, rehabilitation) of memory, attention, spatial skills, and executive cognitive functions in populations with CNS dysfunction. Functional VE training scenarios have also been designed to test and teach instrumental activities of daily living such as street-crossing, automobile driving, meal preparation, supermarket shopping, use of public transportation, and wheelchair navigation. The therapeutic targets chosen thus far for these clinical applications reflect an informed appreciation for the unique assets that are available using virtual technology and these initiatives have formed a foundation of work that provides support for the value of further development of VR Mental Health/ Rehabilitation applications.
Analog architectures for neural network acceleration based on non-volatile memory (2020)

Analog hardware accelerators, which perform computation within a dense memory array, have the potential to overcome the major bottlenecks faced by digital hardware for data-heavy workloads such as deep learning. Exploiting the intrinsic computational advantages of memory arrays, however, has proven to be challenging principally due to the overhead imposed by the peripheral circuitry and due to the non-ideal properties of memory devices that play the role of the synapse. We review the existing implementations of these accelerators for deep supervised learning, organizing our discussion around the different levels of the accelerator design hierarchy, with an emphasis on circuits and architecture. We explore and consolidate the various approaches that have been proposed to address the critical challenges faced by analog accelerators, for both neural network inference and training, and highlight the key design trade-offs underlying these techniques.
ABSENCE OF THE COOH-TERMINAL PEPTIDE ON ECTOPIC HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN B-SUBUNIT (hCGB) (1982)

A comparison of the physical properties and immunoreactivity of ectopic hCG beta from cultured cervical cancer cells and standard hCG beta was performed. The heterogeneity of the preparations was examined by ion-exchange chromatography, and the molecular size by analytical gel filtration. Two distinct forms of ectopic hCG beta were identified. One form was indistinguishable from standard hCG beta, while the other, although larger, lacked the characteristic COOH-terminal peptide (CTP). This was shown by the failure of antisera specific for determinants on the cTP to recognize this molecule, and by the apparent absence of the 0-linked oligosaccharides and thermolysin cleavage site normally found in this region.
Influence des expériences sensorielles précoces sur le comportement alimentaire (2014)

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Kaplan Turbine Blade-Operating Mechanism Without Oil Head (1965)

The traditional operating mechanism of Kaplan turbine blades involves an external power supply transmitted to the runner hub by oil pressure. In the Carillon turbines the only connections to the hub are a flexible electric cable and a mechanical valve-operating rod. Elimination of the oil supply lines has been achieved by reducing the power requirement for moving the blades, by use of roller bearings and slow blade operation, and by providing suitable means of energy conversion within the hub. The paper describes the mechanism used and gives first field data on blade torques.
Asymmetric Synthesis of all the Stereoisomers of Tarchonanthuslactone (I). (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access the actual ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Disruption Erosion Tests on La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Containing Tungsten Material (2001)

Disruption erosion tests on La2O3 containing and pure tungsten materials were performed by the electron beam irradiation facility. As a result, it was found that the disruption erosion of La2O3 – W evaluated from the weight loss was three times larger than that of pure – W. The surface observations suggest that the splashing of the melted layer during the electron beam irradiation occurs only for the La2O3 – W, which results in the larger weight loss in disruption erosion. This is considered to be due to the lower melting point of the added La2O3.
Conformational Analysis of a 4-Hydroxyequilenin Guanine Adduct Using Density Functional Theory (2002)

Equilenin, a component of the drug Premarin (Wyeth), can be metabolized to a quinonoid, 4-hydroxyequilenin (4-OHEN). 4-OHEN can react with 2'-deoxynucleosides to form unusual cyclic adducts, among which 4-hydroxyequilenin-2'-deoxyguanosine (4-OHEN-dG) is the major product under physiological conditions. The structure and stereochemistry of one stereoisomer, 4-OHEN-dG1, has been obtained previously using electrospray mass spectrometry and NMR methods [Shen et al. (1997) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119, 11126-11127]; however, details of the conformations around the linkage site have not yet been investigated. The objective of this paper was to determine the conformation at the five-membered ring linkage site for this adduct. We have carried out a computational investigation involving high level quantum mechanical geometry optimization using density functional theory (DFT) for the 4-hydroxyequilenin-guanine adduct (4-OHEN-G1). Our results reveal that there are three conformational families which differ in the puckering of the five-membered ring at the linkage site and in the cyclohexene-type A ring conformation. The overall structures of all three families are "V"-shaped; however, two are quite compact while the third is more open. The lowest energy structure contains a half chair-type cyclohexene A ring, while two structures whose energies are approximately 3-4 kcal/mol higher are boat-type. Since the Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding edge of the modified guanine is obstructed by the formation of this bulky nonplanar adduct, it likely would reside in a groove of the DNA double helix.
Total dose and single event effects testing of UTMC commercial RadHard/sup TM/ gate arrays (2002)

Results from total dose and single event effects testing of a UTMC Microelectronic Systems Commercial RadHard/sup TM/ gate array standard evaluation circuit (SEC) are reported. Total dose levels up to 300 krad(Si) and error rates of less than 1/spl times/10/sup -10/ errors/bit-day, with no single event latch-up (SEL), were demonstrated. Results from total dose testing of capacitor test structures from AMI's 0.6 /spl mu/m mixed signal process are also reported, indicating the possibility of greater than 200 krad(Si) total dose hardness for 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS when processed with the UTMC Commercial RadHard/sup TM/ process module.
Antigen processing and presentation of vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (1993)

Antigen processing and presentation is the complex series of steps involving numerous compartments of cells derived from multiple lineages. This collective process is central to the initiation of specific cellular immune responses. Internalization of foreign proteins or infectious agents, degradation of proteins to peptides, and transfer to 1a heterodimers which are then translocated to the cell surface, comprise the pathway. This can be blocked by drugs which interfere with compartment acidification (ammonium chloride, methylamine, chloroquine), protein synthesis (emetine), vesicle trafficking (brefeldin A), and microtubule metabolism (taxol, colchicine, nocadazole).
Bacterierot in sedum : hoe te handelen? (2009)

In natte periodes kan bacterierot in Sedum optreden. Hoe behandel je dit?
Asymmetric transformation. III. Crystal properties and structures of a 1,4-benzodiazepinooxazole derivative. (1989)

Three forms of crystals, the optically active α-form and the optically inactive β-and γ-forms, of 10-bromo-11b-(2-fluorophenyl)-2, 3, 7, 11b-tetrahydrooxazolo[3, 2-d][1, 4]benzodiazepin-6(5H)-one (1) were obtained by different crystallization procedures. The α-form crystal was estimated to be the most stable and the least soluble crystal among them by comparison of the thermodynamic properties of these crystals and the mutual transformations among these crystal forms. X-Ray analyses elucidated that the α-form crystal was an enatiomer, and the β- and γ-form crystals were racemates. Consequently, if a suitable crystallizing condition is selected, it is possible for compound 1 to crystallize as more stable and less soluble crystals of one enantiomer (prior to crystallization of racemates) from methanol solution. These crystal properties of 1 are essential for the second-order asymmetric transformation to occur.
Tau Loss Attenuates Neuronal Network Hyperexcitability in Mouse and<i>Drosophila</i>Genetic Models of Epilepsy (2013)

Neuronal network hyperexcitability underlies the pathogenesis of seizures and is a component of some degenerative neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, the microtubule-binding protein tau has been implicated in the regulation of network synchronization. Genetic removal of Mapt, the gene encoding tau, in AD models overexpressing amyloid-β (Aβ) decreases hyperexcitability and normalizes the excitation/inhibition imbalance. Whether this effect of tau removal is specific to Aβ mouse models remains to be determined. Here, we examined tau as an excitability modifier in the non-AD nervous system using genetic deletion of tau in mouse and Drosophila models of hyperexcitability. Kcna1(-/-) mice lack Kv1.1-delayed rectifier currents and exhibit severe spontaneous seizures, early lethality, and megencephaly. Young Kcna1(-/-) mice retained wild-type levels of Aβ, tau, and tau phospho-Thr(231). Decreasing tau in Kcna1(-/-) mice reduced hyperexcitability and alleviated seizure-related comorbidities. Tau reduction decreased Kcna1(-/-) video-EEG recorded seizure frequency and duration as well as normalized Kcna1(-/-) hippocampal network hyperexcitability in vitro. Additionally, tau reduction increased Kcna1(-/-) survival and prevented megencephaly and hippocampal hypertrophy, as determined by MRI. Bang-sensitive Drosophila mutants display paralysis and seizures in response to mechanical stimulation, providing a complementary excitability assay for epistatic interactions. We found that tau reduction significantly decreased seizure sensitivity in two independent bang-sensitive mutant models, kcc and eas. Our results indicate that tau plays a general role in regulating intrinsic neuronal network hyperexcitability independently of Aβ overexpression and suggest that reducing tau function could be a viable target for therapeutic intervention in seizure disorders and antiepileptogenesis.
Detection of cerebrospinal fluid leakage by specific measurement of transferrin glycoforms (2015)

A simple and rapid detection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage would benefit spine surgeons making critical postoperative decisions on patient care. We have assessed novel approaches to selectively determine CSF β2-transferrin (β2TF), an asialo-transferrin (aTF) biomarker, without interference from serum sialo-transferrin (sTF) in test samples. First, we performed mild periodate oxidation to selectively generate aldehyde groups in sTF for capture with magnetic hydrazide microparticles, and selective removal with a magnetic separator. Using this protocol sTF was selectively removed from mixtures of CSF and serum containing CSF aTF (β2TF) and serum sTF, respectively. Second, a two-step enzymatic method was developed with neuraminidase and galactose oxidase for generating aldehyde groups in sTF present in CSF and serum mixtures for magnetic hydrazide microparticle capture. After selectively removing sTF from mixtures of CSF and serum, ELISA could detect significant TF signal only in CSF, while the TF signal in serum was negligible. The new approach for selective removal of only sTF in test samples will be promising for the required intervention by a spine surgeon.
The prevalence and clinical characteristics of cystic fibrosis in South Asian Canadian immigrants (2005)

These data suggest that the prevalence and natural history of CF in South Asians is similar to that among individuals of European origin. The relatively lower prevalence among older South Asians may reflect an improving recognition of CF in this ethnic subgroup.