gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation of neurofilament H subunit as related to arrangement of neurofilaments (1994)

To find out what causes differences in phosphorylation states in neurofilaments (NF), we selected two types of dendrite, one provided with very few NFs (Purkinje cell) and the other with relatively many (anterior horn cell). We examined these with four monoclonal antibodies selected by the Western blot analysis, two (NE14 and SMI31) recognizing only phosphorylated, SMI32 recognizing only nonphosphorylated, and N52 recognizing phosphorylation-independent epitopes of NF-H. The immunoperoxidase labeling of dendrites, and also of perikarya, in both neurons was detectable with all four antibodies. After the tissue was treated with Triton X-100, the labeling was still detectable with SMI32 or N52, but undetectable with NE14 and SMI31. The brain homogenate Triton-extracted supernatant after centrifugation at 100,000g for 1 hr showed the staining of NE14, SMI31, and N52 but not that of SMI32. In Purkinje cell dendrite and perikaryon, NFs always appeared singly. In the immunogold labeling, they were labeled only with SMI32 or N52. Labeling by NE14 or SMI31 was distributed throughout the cytoplasm and hardly associated with NFs. In the anterior horn cell dendrite and perikaryon, NFs appeared both singly and in bundles. They were predominantly labeled with SMI32 or N52 when they were single, and with NE14, SMI31, or N52 when they were bundled. Even in one NF, portions that appeared single were labeled mostly with SMI32 or N52, while the remainder, to which other NFs approached closely, were labeled mostly with NE14, SMI31, or N52. Thus, when NFs appear singly, NF-H in their projections or cross-bridges with other organelles is not phosphorylated, while when NFs are bundled, NF-H is phosphorylated in crossbridges between NF core filaments. These data may explain why the NF-H is heavily phosphorylated in axons, where NFs are abundant, and not in dendrites and perikarya, where NFs are sparse.
Preparation of Porous Alumina by Anodization (2005)

The characteristics of porous alumina produced by anodization in both oxalic acid and sulfuric acid solution have been studied. The diameter of the pores for oxalic acid as electrolyte is about 60 nm and for sulfuric acid as electrolyte is about 30 nm. The morphologies of the pores have been improved by two-step anodization process. It has been observed that the temperature and operation voltage are two of the most important factors in the fabrication process of porous alumina films.
Preventing Bird–Window Collisions (2009)

Birds behave as if clear and reflective glass and plastic windows are invisible, and annual avian mortality from collisions is estimated in the billions worldwide. Outdoor flight cage and field experiments were used to evaluate different methods to prevent collisions between birds and windows. Stripe and grid patterns of clear UV-reflecting and UV-absorbing window coverings presented an effective warning that birds avoid while offering little or no obstructed view for humans. Birds used UV-reflected signals to avoid space occupied by clear and reflective sheet glass and plastic. Window coverings with effective UV-reflecting and UV-absorbing patterns as warning signals can prevent unintentional killing of birds from collisions with windows. One-way films that made the outer surface of windows opaque or translucent were successful in deterring bird strikes. Ceramic frit glass consisting of a visual pattern of densely spaced 0.32-cm diameter dots, 0.32 cm apart was an effective collision deterrent. Uniformly covering windows with decals or other objects that are separated by 5 to 10 cm was completely or near-completely effective in preventing strikes. Twice the number of window strikes occurred at non-reflective sheet glass compared to conventional clear panes. Continuous monitoring of windows revealed one in four bird strikes left no evidence of a collision after 24 hrs and, without continuous monitoring, 25% of bird strikes were undetected.
An integrative transcriptome analysis framework for drug efficacy and similarity reveals drug-specific signatures of anti-TNF treatment in a mouse model of inflammatory polyarthritis (2019)

Anti-TNF agents have been in the first line of treatment of various inflammatory diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis and Crohn's Disease, with a number of different biologics being currently in use. A detailed analysis of their effect at transcriptome level has nevertheless been lacking. We herein present a concise analysis of an extended transcriptomics profiling of four different anti-TNF biologics upon treatment of the established hTNFTg (Tg197) mouse model of spontaneous inflammatory polyarthritis. We implement a series of computational analyses that include clustering of differentially expressed genes, functional analysis and random forest classification. Taking advantage of our detailed sample structure, we devise metrics of treatment efficiency that take into account changes in gene expression compared to both the healthy and the diseased state. Our results suggest considerable variability in the capacity of different biologics to modulate gene expression that can be attributed to treatment-specific functional pathways and differential preferences to restore over- or under-expressed genes. Early intervention appears to manage inflammation in a more efficient way but is accompanied by increased effects on a number of genes that are seemingly unrelated to the disease. Administration at an early stage is also lacking in capacity to restore healthy expression levels of under-expressed genes. We record quantifiable differences among anti-TNF biologics in their efficiency to modulate over-expressed genes related to immune and inflammatory pathways. More importantly, we find a subset of the tested substances to have quantitative advantages in addressing deregulation of under-expressed genes involved in pathways related to known RA comorbidities. Our study shows the potential of transcriptomic analyses to identify comprehensive and distinct treatment-specific gene signatures combining disease-related and unrelated genes and proposes a generalized framework for the assessment of drug efficacy, the search of biosimilars and the evaluation of the efficacy of TNF small molecule inhibitors.
Information Sharing for Homeland Security: A Brief Overview (2004)

In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, various recommendations and efforts have been made with the intention of improving information sharing among government entities at all levels within the United States, the private sector, and certain foreign governments, with a view to countering terrorists and strengthening homeland security. The National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (9/11 Commission) was among those to have most recently offered recommendations in this regard in its July 22, 2004, report. The types of information potentially within the scope of such sharing include raw data, which has undergone little or no assessment regarding its accuracy or implications; knowledge, which has been determined to have a high degree of reliability or validity; and intelligence, which has been carefully evaluated concerning its accuracy and significance, and may sometimes be credited in terms of its source. This report reviews some of the principal existing homeland security information sharing arrangements, as well as some projected arrangements in this regard, and discusses related policy, evaluations, and proposed legislation. It will be updated as events warrant.
REVIEW — MARION AND PRINCE EDWARD ISLANDS (1973)

Report on the South African Biological and Geological Expedition 1965-1966. Edited by E. M. van Zinderen Bakker, J. M. Winterbottom and R. A. Dyer. A. A. Balkema. Cape Town. $25.33. Reviewed by G. W. Ramsay
Faraday and Cotton-Mouton effects of helium at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>λ</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>1064</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>nm (2013)

We present measurements of the Faraday and the Cotton-Mouton effects of helium gas at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=1064$ nm. Our apparatus is based on an up-to-date resonant optical cavity coupled to longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields. This cavity increases the signal to be measured by more than a factor of 270 000 compared to the one acquired after a single passage of light in the magnetic field region. We have reached a precision of a few percent for both the Faraday and the Cotton-Mouton effect. Our measurements give the experimental value of the Faraday effect at $\ensuremath{\lambda}=\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}1064$ nm. This value is compatible with the theoretical prediction. Concerning the Cotton-Mouton effect, our measurement agrees at better than 1$\ensuremath{\sigma}$ with theoretical predictions.
Seabed topographic contour match based on angle code technique (2010)

Seabed topographic match is a very important work for fulfilling the blend of different-source sounding data and the underwater positioning and navigation. Contour match is a classic method for the seabed topographic match. However, the traditional contour match algorithm will lead to obvious time consuming and mismatch, especially in the longer contour match. Thus, a kind of contour match algorithm based on angle code technique is presented and studied in this paper. Firstly, the principle of this match method is detailed. Then some key problems are studied, and the matching procedure is given out. Besides, the method was used for a simulation experiment of underwater topographic matching navigation, the satisfying results are achieved.
Google Apps Hacks (2008)

Can applications really become an alternative to the venerable Microsoft Office suite? Conventional wisdom may say no, but practical wisdom says otherwise. Right now, 100,000 small businesses are currently running trials of office applications. So are large corporations such as General Electric and Proctor & Gamble. Google Apps Hacks gets you in on the action with several ingenious ways to push Google's web, mobile, and desktop apps to the limit. The scores of clever hacks and workarounds in this book help you get more than the obvious out of a whole host of Google's web-based applications for word processing, spreadsheets, PowerPoint-style presentations, email, calendar, and more by giving you ways to exploit the suite's unique network functionality.You get plenty of ways to tinker with: documents - share and edit documents with others in real time, view them on the run with Docs mobile service, and use Notebook for web research; Spreadsheets - add real-time data to spreadsheets, and generate charts and tables you can embed in web pages; presentations - view them on a mobile phone and save them as video; Gmail - send email to and from a mobile phone, adjust Gmail's layout with a style sheet, and a lot more; iGoogle - create your own gadgets, program a screenscraper, add Flash games, and more; calendar - add web content events, public calendars, and your Outlook Calendar to this application; Reader; Maps; Earth; and SketchUp: the new 3D modeling software tool; Picasa; YouTube; and, Video - discover new ways to customize and use these media management apps. In addition, Google Apps Hacks outlines ways you can create a simple web site with nothing but tools, including Page Creator, Blogger, Analytics, and content from other apps. This amazing collection just might convince you that Microsoft Office is not the last word in business applications.
La cultura parasitaria y el colapso sistémico neoliberal (2010)

Para que pudiera funcionar materialmente el modelo de economía casino que creó la crisis económica financiera en la fase avanzada del neoliberalismo salvaje, se requirió también contar ideológicamente con el respaldo y la actuación intensiva de sus correspondientes valores subjetivos y procesos de comunicación de casino. Así, paralelamente a la transformación económica especulativa se construyó el modelo de comunicación casino , que se basó en la creación y promoción constante de una mentalidad de valores bárbaros del capitalismo salvaje que respaldaron y movilizaron socialmente como una gran oportunidad de compra las inversiones basura , los derivados financieros de alto riesgo y otros productos paralelos que durante varios años había generado este modelo económico especulador. Por ello, la verdadera corrección de este nuevo hundimiento económico sistémico, en última instancia, no se arreglará con la simple inversión económica de los Estados nacionales, sino que se solucionará en la medida en que se sanen las raíces ético-morales profundas que lenta y silenciosamente le dieron vida.
Tomoscintigraphic assessment of myocardial metabolic heterogenity. (1983)

I-123-omega-heptadecanoic acid (HDA) was evaluated for myocardial scanning in 59 healthy volunteers and 133 patients, using a 7-pinhole collimator. Early (uptake) and late (retention) images were compared visually. Regional HDA elimination was also followed semiquantitatively based on the calculation of a retention-over-uptake ratio, R(phi), derived from the maximal counts/pixel in 60 midventricular slice sectors. The healthy heart concentrated HDA homogeneously in all segments with no difference between early and late images. The minimal R(phi), taken as representative of that myocardium with the best function, was unchanged after maximal ergometer stress and with dipyramidole-induced hyperperfusion. A circumscribed decreased HDA uptake is the clear-cut criterion for an abnormal finding. HDA tomography of the myocardium had an 86% sensitivity for myocardial infarcts (MIs) up to 4 wk old, and 83% for myocardial scars (MSs). Comparing early and late tomograms, we find a cool-warm sequence more often with acute and subacute MIs. A cool-cool or a cold-cold sequence dominated with MSs. HDA tomoscintigraphy cannot replace TI-201 for the evaluation of regional coronary reserve in coronary heart disease.
Rapid selection of donor myoblast clones for muscular dystrophy therapy using cell surface expression of NCAM. (1993)

This study describes an easy 3 step-procedure to prepare rapidly and at low cost, pure myoblast cell cultures from a normal muscle biopsy. Following collagenase and trypsin treatment of the tissue (step 1), dissociated cells were cloned at a density of 10 cells/ml in MCDB 120 medium (0.2 ml/well). Clones that grew were then tested for NCAM cell surface expression by cytofluorometric analysis (CFA) using Coulter CD56-PE monoclonal antibodies (step 2). Only those clones with more than 98% strongly labelled positive cells were expanded (step 3) for further trials in cell transfer therapy for dystrophic patients. Visualization of the pattern of NCAM expression was performed by immunoperoxidase assay, while the potential ability to form myotubes was confirmed by the observation of their formation within a period of 1 to 2 weeks. The 65% of the CD56+ clones in CFA were the same clones that proved to be myogenic with positive immunoperoxidase assay and myotube formation. This method avoids the fastidious and costly approach of cell sorting (whenever available), avoids contamination hazards due to many manipulations of the clones. Moreover this approach leads to a pure myoblast population free of any contaminating fibroblast which could contribute to connective tissue implement already deleterious in dystrophic patients.
Dilute Acid Pretreatment of Oven-dried Switchgrass Germplasms for Bioethanol Production<sup>†</sup> (2009)

Bioethanol production potential of three oven-dried switchgrass germplasms (St6−1, St6−3E, and St6−3F) containing 26.65−29.28% glucan, 17.92−19.37% xylan, and 17.74−19.23% lignin (dry matter basis) was investigated. Evaluation of the effect of three acid concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% w/v) and residence times (30, 45, and 60 min) on composition of all germplasms indicated significant hemicellulose solublization relying greatly on pretreatment intensity. No apparent delignification was observed during pretreatment. Pretreated samples with the least lignin content or greatest hemicellulose solubilization within each germplasm were selected for hydrolysis and fermentation. Enzymatic hydrolysis at cellulase activities of 0, 15, and 30 FPU (filter paper units)/g dry biomass indicated that addition of cellulase significantly improved glucan hydrolysis (P < 0.05) but supplementation with xylanase did not statistically improve hydrolysis (P > 0.05). Glucan-to-glucose conversion was enhanced by acid pretreatments, especially those resulting in greater hemicellulose solubilization. The greatest glucan conversion of 91.8% was obtained from 60 min/1.5% acid pretreated St6−3E switchgrass hydrolyzed at 30 FPU cellulase/g dry biomass supplemented with xylanase. Fermentation of hydrolyzates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC 24859) resulted in nearly complete utilization of glucose. The highest ethanol yield of 0.082 g ethanol/g raw St6−3E switchgrass corresponded with 53.5% of theoretical yield based on glucose fermentation. These results demonstrate that the new switchgrass germplasms are potential energy crops for bioethanol production through appropriate processing.
Write Great Code: Understanding the Machine (2003)

From the Publisher:
This is the first in a series of three texts. This volume teaches the important concepts of machine organization in a language-independent fashion, giving programmers the information they need to write great code in any language. Write Great Code will help any programmer make wiser choices with respect to programming statements and data types when writing software.
Simulated microgravity decreases DNA repair capacity and induces DNA damage in human lymphocytes (2009)

The effect of simulated microgravity on DNA damage and apoptosis is still controversial. The objective of this study was to test whether simulated microgravity conditions affect the expression of genes for DNA repair and apoptosis. To achieve this objective, human lymphocyte cells were grown in a NASA-developed rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor that simulates microgravity. The same cell line was grown in parallel under normal gravitational conditions in culture flasks. The effect of microgravity on the expression of genes was measured by quantitative real-time PCR while DNA damage was examined by comet assay. The result of this study revealed that exposure to simulated microgravity condition decreases the expression of DNA repair genes. Mismatch repair (MMR) class of DNA repair pathway were more susceptible to microgravity condition-induced gene expression changes than base excision repair (BER) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) class of DNA repair genes. Downregulation of genes involved in cell proliferation (CyclinD1 and PCNA) and apoptosis (Bax) was also observed. Microgravity-induced changes in the expression of some of these genes were further verified at the protein level by Western blot analysis. The findings of this study suggest that microgravity may induce alterations in the expression of these DNA repair genes resulting in accumulation of DNA damage. Reduced expression of cell-cycle genes suggests that microgravity may cause a reduction in cell growth. Downregulation of pro-apoptotic genes further suggests that extended exposure to microgravity may result in a reduction in the cells' ability to undergo apoptosis. Any resistance to apoptosis seen in cells with damaged DNA may eventually lead to malignant transformation of those cells.
A new methodtorealizetherelayprotection (2006)

deflection Oshows as: Abstract-- Theoptical current transducer isgaining interest becauseofitsobvious advantages overconventional current transducers suchasimmunity toelectromagnetic interference, highdynamicrangeandeaseofintegration intofuture digital control andprotection systems. Asthedigital substation hasbeen thetendency ofpowersystem, thestudyoftheinterface between electronic transducer andtheprotective device hasbecomeahot topic. Thispaperhasexecuted themergingunit,whichcan collect thedigital signal fromtheAdaptive Optical Current Transducer andhasrealized howtotransmit thedigital signal to theprotective device following IEC61850 through Ethernet. The circuit boardbasedon MSP430and CS8900Ahasbetter integrated level andoperates stably. Thispaperalsodesigned the schemetorealize optical fiber linedifferential protection based onAOCT following industrial computer andLabVIEWreal-time system. IndexTermsIEC61850; MergingUnit(MU);Adaptive Optical CurrentTransducer (AOCT);LabVIEW;Real-Time System (RT); RelayProtection; DataCommunication
Fractionation of <i>Aspergillus niger</i> cellulases by combined ion exchange affinity chromatography (1987)

Eight chemically modified cellulose supports were tested for their ability to absorb components of the Aspergillus niger cellulase system. At least two of the most effective adsorbents, aminoethyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose, were shown to be useful for the fractionation of cellulases. These supports apparently owe their resolving capacity to both ion exchange and biospecific binding effects; however, the relative importance of each effect is unknown. These observations form the basis for a new cellulase fractionation technique, combined ion exchange-affinity chromatography.
Wind influence on radio waves propagating through vegetation at 1.8 GHz (2005)

The impact of moving vegetation on propagating radio waves under the influence of wind had been investigated. It was found that the fast-fading component of the vegetation-shadowed signal, originating from a line-of-sight (LOS) transmitter, resembles a Rician distribution. From the measured data, a new empirical model at 1.8 GHz of the Rician k-factor has been proposed. The model characterizes the dynamic impact of the wind influence for radio waves propagating through vegetation. The proposed model was then assessed against a different set of measured data and was found to be in close agreement.
Synthesis of sigma-pi neural networks by the breeder genetic programming (2002)

Genetic programming has been successfully applied to evolve computer programs for solving a variety of interesting problems. The breeder genetic programming (BGP) method has Occam's razor in its fitness measure to evolve minimal size multilayer perceptrons. In this paper, we apply the method to synthesis of sigma-pi neural networks. Unlike perceptron architectures, sigma-pi networks use product units as well as summation units to build higher-order terms. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated on benchmark problems. Simulation results on noisy data suggest that BGP not only improves the generalization performance, but it can also accelerate the convergence speed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>