gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Resistance to Erythrosin B in the House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae)1 (1983)

Resistance to erythrosin B was induced by feeding successive generations of adult house flies with increasing molar concentrations of the dye before a light exposure period. After 32 generations of selection pressure, a 48-fold level of resistance was recorded. Upon removal of selection pressure after 20 generations, the level of resistance remained nearly constant. This constancy suggests that resistance to erythrosin B is relatively stable. Reciprocal crosses show that erythrosm B resistance is inherited as a codominant character and that sex linkage is not involved.
Abstract LB-110: Expression of multiple androgen receptor splice variants in late stage prostate cancer (2015)

Abstract The androgen receptor (AR) remains a key driver of disease progression even with the advent of new therapeutic agents such as abiraterone (A) and enzalutamide (E). Relapse after treatment with A or E has been associated with the emergence of tumour cells expressing AR splice variants, and at least one mutation in AR has been associated with resistance to E. We have investigated the expression of AR splice variants in late stage prostate cancers using Nanostring (nCounter®) to quantify the levels of AR transcripts and by IHC using antibodies targeting the N- and C-terminal AR domains. We also examined the expression of putative AR regulated genes found to be expressed in prostate cancer reported in publically available expression data. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue from 38 commercially sourced (TriStar Technology Group; Asterand; Avaden Biosciences) late stage prostate cancers including 10 castrate resistant prostate cancers (CRPC), were confirmed by pathology review. Total mRNA was isolated from a single 5μm section and gene expression from nCounter® analysis was expressed as normalised Log2 values. Immunohistochemical analysis of AR expression was determined by a pathologist using a H score. Our analysis of AR splice variant expression, relative to a Nanostring detection threshold based on housekeeping genes, has shown the presence of more than one constitutively active AR splice variant in individual tumours. ARV7 was detected in 4/10 CRPC and always found together with ARV1, AR45, and the constitutively active ARV12. All of the CRPC that were negative for ARV7 expressed AR45 and ARV12. Unsupervised clustering of 507 putative AR regulated genes revealed three molecular subgroups among the 38 prostate tumours. One of these subgroups was characterised by the presence of 12/14 AR splice variants including ARV7. Of the other two subgroups, one contained AR45, the other ARV12. Pathway analysis of genes that were expressed to a higher level (&gt;1.5 Log2 fold) in the ARV7 positive compared to ARV7 negative tumours were predominantly associated with cell cycle and proliferation functions. Our data suggests complexity in the molecular landscape of prostate cancer associated with AR splice variants, and that multiple AR splice variants may be of importance to identify patients likely to relapse on treatment with emerging therapy. Citation Format: Zara Ghazoui, Emma Jones, Margaret Veldman-Jones, Vivien N. Jacobs, Neil R. Smith, Michele Johnstone, J. Carl Barrett, Elizabeth A. Harrington, Paul Elvin. Expression of multiple androgen receptor splice variants in late stage prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-110. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-LB-110
Dendrimeric Organotelluride Catalysts for the Activation of Hydrogen Peroxide. Improved Catalytic Activity through Statistical and Stereoelectronic Effects (2003)

Dendrimeric polyorganotellurides are prepared in high yield using propyloxy spacers to connect the organotelluride groups to the core molecules. The polyorganotellurides catalyze the oxidation of thiophenol with hydrogen peroxide to give diphenyl disulfide in homogeneous solutions (5% CH2Cl2/MeOH or 46% CH2Cl2/MeOH). The polyorganotellurides with two, three, four, and six catalytic groups show roughly statistical increases for the number of catalytic groups relative to the corresponding monotellurides. Catalysts containing [4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]telluro groups and n-hexyltelluro groups are oxidized more rapidly by hydrogen peroxide and also show greater catalytic activity than the corresponding catalysts containing phenyltelluro groups. A combination of statistical effects and stereoelectronic effects give a 26-fold increase in catalytic activity from 1-phenoxy-3-(phenyltelluro)propane (23a; ν0 = 12 μM min-1) to dendrimer 22c with six n-hexyltelluro groups (ν0 = 312 μM min-1) for the oxidation of 1.0 × 10-3 M PhSH with 3.75 × 10-3 M H2O2 in the presence of 1.0 × 10-5 M catalyst. The rate of appearance of PhSSPh, with a molar extinction coefficient, ε, of 1.24 × 10-3 L mol-1 cm-1 at 305 nm, was monitored at 305 nm.
The physico-chemical properties and behaviour of the nucleic acids (1950)

V. Desreux, R. Signer, H. Schwander, A. G. Ogston, S. Furberg, D. P. Riley, G. Oster, G. Junger, D. O. Jordan, D. J. Cosgrove, W. G. Overend, A. R. Peacocke, J. A. V. Butler, B. E. Conway, K. A. Smith and L. Gilbert, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1950, 46, 790 DOI: 10.1039/TF9504600790
Tolerance induction for islet transplantation. (1997)

Type I diabetes is a systemic autoimmune disease. Although transplantation of pancreatic tissues restores glucose homeostasis, grafts are affected by acute and chronic rejection as well as re-occurrence of autoimmune destruction. One newly recognized promising strategy to interrupt these detrimental processes is hematopoietic chimerism induced by bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The application of hematopoietic chimerism has three domains in the treatment of Type I diabetes mellitus: (1) tolerance induction to pancreas or pancreatic islet grafts; (2) prevention of the re-occurrence of autoimmune processes in the graft; (3) prevention of the onset of overt diabetes once the pre-diabetic state is clearly identified. Unfortunately, conventional BMT is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), failure of engraftment and lethal conditioning. The risk of these complications cannot be justified in the treatment of non-malignant diseases including Type I diabetes. This chapter will outline potential strategies to achieve hematopoietic chimerism without the risk of deadly complications. With these strategies, it may be possible to apply hematopoietic chimerism in the treatment of Type I diabetes, both to induce tolerance to islet allografts as well as to intervene and interrupt the autoimmune process in its early stages.
Corrosion of Sn-0.75Cu solder and Sn-0.75Cu/Cu joint in salt solutions (2011)

The corrosion of Sn-0.75Cu solder and Sn-0.75Cu/Cu joint in 3.5% NaCl, l%NaCl-2%Na2S04 and l%NaCl-0.6%Na2SO4-3%Na2CO3 solutions were investigated using leaching test. The leaching of Sn from the solder in l%NaCl-0.6%Na2SO4-3%Na2CO3 solution was relatively serious, compared to that in the other two solutions. The amount of Sn leached from the joint was the largest in NaCl solution. Loosen corroded products formed on the surfaces of the solder or joint where a large amount of Sn leached. The XRD results showed that the corrosion products were mainly composed of SnO, Sn02 and Sn4(OH)6C12. The potentiodynamic polarization tests suggested that the galvanic corrosion which formed between solder alloys and Cu substrate was the main reason for the above differences.
An Alkali Metal-Capped Cerium(IV) Imido Complex (2016)

Structurally authenticated, terminal lanthanide-ligand multiple bonds are rare and expected to be highly reactive. Even capped with an alkali metal cation, poor orbital energy matching and overlap of metal and ligand valence orbitals should result in strong charge polarization within such bonds. We expand on a new strategy for isolating terminal lanthanide-ligand multiple bonds using cerium(IV) complexes. In the current case, our tailored tris(hydroxylaminato) ligand framework, TriNOx(3-), provides steric protection against ligand scrambling and metal complex oligomerization and electronic protection against reduction. This strategy culminates in isolation of the first formal Ce═N bonded moiety in the complex [K(DME)2][Ce═N(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)(TriNOx)], whose Ce═N bond is the shortest known at 2.119(3) Å.
Towards a consensus on a hearing preservation classification system (2013)

The Hearing Preservation Classification System proposed herein fulfills the following necessary criteria: 1) classification is independent from users' initial hearing, 2) it is appropriate for all cochlear implant users with measurable pre-operative residual hearing, 3) it covers the whole range of pure tone average from 0 to 120 dB; 4) it is easy to use and easy to understand.
Adlib: A Self-Tuning Index for Dynamic P2P Systems. (2005)

A NP-HPLC method using the relative response factors was developed and validated. This method provides a more accurate approach in determining cranberry PACs. It can be used to quantify individual oligomers from DP 2-9, total polymers and total PACs in cranberries and cranberry products.
Search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>W</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">±</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:math>boson with<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mn>7.5</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:msup><mml:mi>fb</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">−</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math>integrated luminosity at CDF (2012)

We present a search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a ${W}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ boson. This search uses data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $7.5\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{fb}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ collected by the CDF detector at the Tevatron. We select $WH\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\ell}\ensuremath{\nu}b\overline{b}$ candidate events with two jets, large missing transverse energy, and exactly one charged lepton. We further require that at least one jet be identified to originate from a bottom quark. Discrimination between the signal and the large background is achieved through the use of a Bayesian artificial neural network. The number of tagged events and their distributions are consistent with the standard model expectations. We observe no evidence for a Higgs boson signal and set 95% C.L. upper limits on the $WH$ production cross section times the branching ratio to decay to $b\overline{b}$ pairs, $\ensuremath{\sigma}(p\overline{p}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{W}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}H)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathcal{B}(H\ensuremath{\rightarrow}b\overline{b})$, relative to the rate predicted by the standard model. For the Higgs boson mass range of $100$ to $150\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$ we set observed (expected) upper limits from 1.34 (1.83) to 38.8 (23.4). For $115\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$ the upper limit is 3.64 (2.78). The combination of the present search with an independent analysis that selects events with three jets yields more stringent limits ranging from 1.12 (1.79) to 34.4 (21.6) in the same mass range. For 115 and $125\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}/{c}^{2}$ the upper limits are 2.65 (2.60) and 4.36 (3.69), respectively.
Polymer swelling. 4. A reexamination of reported swelling studies for conformance to equations that relate swellability to crosslink density (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolymer swelling. 4. A reexamination of reported swelling studies for conformance to equations that relate swellability to crosslink densityL. A. ErredeCite this: Macromolecules 1986, 19, 3, 654–658Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00157a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00157a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views288Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Epigenetic Biomarkers and Breast Cancer: Cause for Optimism (2006)

The term “epigenetics” was first coined in the 1940s to describe the interaction between genes and environment in the development of specific phenotypical traits ([1][1]). Within a decade, DNA methylation was identified as the first epigenetic marker ([2][2]). Sixty years later, there is
Abstract 5679: Differential phosphorylation of EGFR in response to PUFA supplementation (2010)

Abstract Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a 170 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein responsible for the initiation of a variety of cellular signaling cascades governing cell proliferation and survival, which are initiated by specific phosphorylation sites in its tyrosine-kinase domain (TKD). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that has been demonstrated to have positive effects on human health, including the inhibition of tumor growth in various cancer cell lines, both in vivo and in vitro. Preliminary data in our laboratory has shown that supplementation with both DHA, and the omega-6 PUFA, linoleic acid (LA), are capable of upregulating total EGFR phosphorylation in the TKD. Subsequent investigations have identified that increased EGFR phosphorylation in DHA treatments is largely due to enhanced phosphorylation at one particular site, the tyrosine 1068 residue. However, because EGFR has numerous activation sites, a systematic evaluation of the changes in EGFR phosphorylation upon supplementation with DHA and LA is necessary. The current research demonstrates specific EGFR phosphorylation events that are altered by PUFA supplementation. This data will provide critical insight into how PUFAs may be exerting some of the many other signaling changes that have been associated with their use (i.e. decreased p38, MAPK, pAkt, etc.). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5679.
Further studies in hospital noise control at the Johns Hopkins Hospital: Part 1. (2010)

Hospital noise levels remain well above World Health Organization guidelines. One of the main difficulties in treating hospital noise is the inability to use conventional sound absorption techniques. In intensive care units, the hospital does not allow any materials that can harbor bacteria or produce a high level of dust. This criterion prohibits conventional drop ceilings and conventional sound absorbing panels and carpet. Based on our previous panel design [M. MacLeod et al., “Weinberg 5C: A case study in hospital noise control, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 119, 3327 (2006)] a lower cost version of our hospital noise panels was implemented by replacing the wrapping with DuPont™ Tyvek©. The lowered cost makes implementation of these new panels more feasible for hospitals. In this talk, it will be shown that this new implementation produces comparable results to the original panel design. The performance of a modified DL2 measurement will be investigated as a new way to characterize hospital noise.
Finite vacuum energy density in quantum field theory (2004)

Abstract The observed energy density of the vacuum is shown to be finite for a relativistic scalar quantum field theory defined on the tangent bundle of Minkowski spacetime, and constrained by maximal proper acceleration. The vacuum expectation value of the energy per unit spatial volume is calculated on the worldline of the observer, and is shown to be convergent and finite. The vacuum energy density is near vanishing for sufficiently small spread in the spatial part of the observer's four-velocity.
Stille revolutie, contra-revolutie of cultureel conflict? Veranderingen in de politieke cultuur en hun invloed op het klassengebonden stemgedrag (2006)

Silent Revolution, Counter-revolution or Cultural Conflict?
Political Cultural Change and its Influence on Class Voting
This paper deals with the linkage between changes in the political culture and changes in
class-party alignments. First, we investigate how the political culture in Western countries
has changed over time. Three views are tested using data on party-manifestos. The first predicts
that only new-leftist issues will increase in salience. The second predicts that both
new-leftist and new-rightist issues will emerge at the same time. The third, which is empirically
corroborated, predicts that first new-leftist issues will emerge followed by a rise in new
rightist issues.
Second, we investigate how the emergence of these new issues has affected the traditional
class-party alignments. We show that the middle class increasingly votes left-wing as newleftist
issues become more important and that the working class increasingly votes rightwing
as new-rightist issues become more important. The middle class also appears to alienate
from the traditional party of their class as new-rightist issues rise in salience.
Cell Cycle Dysregulation During Hiv Infection: Perspectives of a Target Based Therapy (2002)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by a severe depletion of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, representing the result of virus-mediated killing of infected lymphocytes and the programmed cell death (apoptosis) of the uninfected bystander cells. Since only a small fraction of T lymphocytes are depleted by viral killing, apoptosis represents one of the most important mechanism of T cell death during HIV infection. Several apoptotic pathways can be triggered by the different stimuli: persistent T lymphocyte activation; altered death receptor (Fas, TNF-R, TRAIL R1-R2) membrane expression; viral proteins as well as gp120, Tat, and Nef; host factors such as the unbalance of cytokine synthesis by lymphocyte. Nevertheless, new evidences have demonstrated that the persistent HIV induced T cell activation and proliferation cause a cell cycle dysregulation resulting in a 5-fold increase in apoptotic cells. This perturbation represents a link between HIV infection, T cell activation, accelerated cell turnover and increased apoptosis and may thus represent a new therapeutic target. In fact, Interleukin-2 administration reverts such a cell cycle dysregulation and reduces activation induced T cell apoptosis. Herein we analyze the main HIV-related mechanisms of host cell death, that are dysregulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis induction of T lymphocytes. Finally, the role of cytokines at the site of infection and their association with apoptosis will be discussed to get insights into the immunological perturbations accounting for an accelerated disease progression. Current therapeutic approaches and strategies, like HAART and recombinant cytokines, that may, successfully, improve the immune-system dysregulation, are also discussed.
Detection of extranodal and spleen involvement by FDG‐PET imaging predicts adverse survival in untreated follicular lymphoma (2019)

Predicting early clinical failure in patients with untreated follicular lymphoma (FL) is important but difficult. This study aimed to determine the incidence and patterns of extranodal (EN) and spleen disease using PET/CT, and assess their utility in predicting early clinical failure. PET/CT images from 613 cases of untreated FL (2003-2016) were reviewed. The location and number of EN sites, patterns of bone involvement, and splenic involvement were recorded. Outcomes were assessed using event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and early clinical failure at 24 months (EFS24). So, 49% (301/613) of patients had PET/CT-detected EN involvement, and 28% (171/613) had spleen involvement. The presence of ≥2 EN sites, spleen, bone or soft tissue involvement all predicted failure to achieve EFS24. Presence of ≥2 EN sites and bone involvement pattern were also predictive of OS in a univariate analysis. In a multivariate analysis with FLIPI-2 factors, spleen involvement, pattern of bone involvement, and soft tissue involvement independently predicted a lower EFS (HR 1.49 (1.11-2.00), P = .007; HR 1.71 (1.10-2.65), P = .017; and HR 1.67 (1.06-2.62), P = .026, respectively). When the multivariate analysis was performed using PRIMA-PI factors (marrow and B2M), the number of EN sites was an independent prognostic factor for inferior OS (HR 2.28; P = .05). Baseline PET/CT identifies EN involvement in nearly half of patients with untreated FL. The presence of ≥2 EN sites, bone, soft tissue, or splenic involvement predicts early clinical failure. These results, when combined with other factors, may better identify high-risk patients and guide therapy.
Distribution of Micronuclei in Human Fibroblasts across the Bragg Curve of Light and Heavy Ions (2007)

The space environment consists of energetic particles of varying mass and energy, and understanding the :biological Bragg is essential in optimizing shielding effectiveness against space radiation induced impacts. The biological Bragg is dependent on the energy and the type of the primary particle, and may vary for different endpoints. Previously, we studied the induction of micronuclei (MN) across the Bragg curve of energetic Fe and Si ions, and observed no increased yield of MN at the location of the Bragg peak. However, the ratio of mono- to bi-nucleated cells, which indicates inhibition of cell progression, was found higher at the Bragg peak location in comparison to the plateau region of the Bragg curve. Here, we report the induction of MN in normal human fibroblast cells across the Bragg curve of incident protons generated at Loma Linda University. Similar to Si and Fe ions, the ratio of mono- to bi-nucleated cells showed a clear spike as the protons reached the Bragg peak. Unlike the two heavy ions, however, the MN yield also increased at the Bragg peak location. These results confirm the hypothesis that severely damaged cells at the Bragg peak of heavy, but not light ions are more likely to go through reproductive death and not be evaluated for micronuclei.