gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Are dividend taxes and tax imputation credits capitalized in share values (1998)

The relation between personal taxes and firm value has fundamental implications for understanding why firms pay dividends and how taxes influence capital structure choices. Assessing personal tax valuation effects also influences tax policy debates regarding the integration of corporate and personal taxes. Despite its importance, however, several underlying problems have hampered existing research on the valuation consequences of personal taxes, leading to mixed and inconclusive results. Using a new approach, we obtain three findings. First, firm-level results for the United States indicate that accumulated retained earnings are valued less per unit than contributed capital. This finding is consistent with the capitalisation of future dividend taxes in retained earnings, and it is robust to inclusion of a variety of control variables and tests for possible alternative explanations. Second, we find that differences in dividend tax rates across U.S. tax regimes are associated with predictable differences in the implied tax discount for retained earnings. Third, cross-country variation in dividend tax rates is associated with predictable variation in the implied tax discount. Furthermore, the difference in dividend tax rates across two different tax regimes in the United Kingdom is associated with predictable differences in the value discount.
A possible prognostic role of immunoglobulin-G antibody against recombinant Epstein-Barr virus BZLF-1 transactivator protein ZEBRA in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (1994)

The postradiotherapy ZEBRA/IgG titre could be a potentially useful marker for differentiating NPC patients with poor prognosis from those at high risk for the development of distant metastasis to the lung or liver.
Treatment of Severe Acyclovir-Resistant Herpes Simplex Virus Infection with Continuous Infusion of High Dose Acyclovir Following Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. (2009)

Abstract Abstract 2224 Poster Board II-201 Although acyclovir (ACV)-resistant herpes simplex virus (HSV) occurs in healthy patients, higher rates have been reported in 7-27% of immunocompromised patients, particularly in the setting of acyclovir prophylaxis. Infection due to ACV-resistant HSV (ACV-R HSV) is frequently severe and poses challenges to treatment, particularly following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Unfortunately, currently available alternative therapies including foscarnet, cidofovir, and ganciclovir are frequently limited by their toxicity profile. We present a series of five HCT patients from 1997-2008 with severe infections due to ACV-R HSV who were successfully treated with continuous infusion of high dose acyclovir. A Pubmed search of published literature from 1948-2009 confirmed this as the first report of ACV-R HSV in HCT patients treated with this regimen. The characteristics of the patients are summarized in the table. Patients ranged in age from 24 to 55 and had undergone an allogeneic HCT following a myeloablative preparative regimen. All grafts were composed of peripheral blood hematopoietic cells. Underlying diseases included acute myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and essential thrombocytosis. Four of the five patients were receiving treatment for GVHD of the skin (grades 2-4), with regimens that included varying doses of prednisone. Infection was due to HSV-1 in three patients and HSV-2 in two. In vitro testing revealed that high median inhibitory concentrations were necessary to inhibit viral replication by 50% (MIC50) for all five isolates consistent with resistance to acyclovir, ganciclovir, and foscarnet. Failed HSV treatment regimens included standard, intermittent doses of acyclovir (5-10 mg/kg IV every eight hours), foscarnet, cidofovir, and/or famciclovir. Adverse reactions to these agents included severe renal insufficiency, hyponatremia, and neutropenia. The doses of ACV administered via continuous infusion ranged from 30 to 50 mg/kg per day, and time to resolution of lesions ranged from 1 week to 2 months. No patients experienced toxicity associated with continuous infusion of high dose acyclovir and therapy could be continued as an outpatient when appropriate. Conclusions: Continuous infusion of high dose acyclovir for acyclovir resistant HSV is an attractive and more tolerable alternative for patients failing standard dose intermittent infusion acyclovir or intolerant of alternative standard therapies such as foscarnet, cidofovir, or ganciclovir. At this time it is not clear how the altered pharmacokinetics that results from continuous infusion of high doses of acyclovir overcomes viral resistance. We are currently investigating the mechanisms by which the sustained levels of ACV provide this therapeutic advantage. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Validation Of Equivalent Viscous Damping Methodologies (2012)

An important step in the design and verification process of spacecraft structures is the coupled dynamic analysis with the launch vehicle in the low-frequency domain. To obtain accurate predictions of the satellite’s dynamic environment, it is essential that the damping of the system is correctly defined and taken into account within the resolution methodologies for the coupled loads analysis (CLA). When working with finite element models, the materials’ damping is characterized by structural damping ratios. In addition, most of the load cases present in the CLA are transient excitations, and so the resolution of the equations of motion must be done in the time domain. Unfortunately, in the CLA, transient analyses cannot be carried out using structural damping models. Thus, a transformation from a structural to a viscous damping characterization is necessary in this case. Nevertheless, this transformation is not trivial. There exist many methodologies for computing an equivalent viscous damping (EqVD) matrix of the system which can be used in transient analyses. This paper describes the results obtained from the validation of EqVD methodologies used in the European Space Agency. This work identifies the limitations of these methodologies and comes up with an enhanced methodology that predicts more reliable results.
Structure et fonction du complexe CD16 :ζ :γ des cellules NK (1992)

Structure et fo nction du complexe CD 16 :t :y des cellules NK Les cellules natural killer sont de grands lymphocytes gra nuleux impliqus dans les mcanismes de dfense con tre les cellules tumorales et les cellules infectes par les virus. Outre une cytotoxicit directe indpendante du CMH, elles peuvent aussi induire la lyse de cellules cibles recouvertes d'anticorps (ADCC) grce au seul rcepteur Fe exprim leur surface, Fc')'RIIIAa ou CD16. CD16 est associ des dimres fo rms de deux sous-units transmembranaires homologues, r et 'Y. En fait, r et 'Y sont aussi des sous-units de transduction
Glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (1984)

The conformation of NADP+ in glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase--NADP+ binary complexes has been investigated using proton-proton transferred nuclear Overhauser enhancement measurements to determine interproton distance ratios between bound NADP+ protons. The enzymes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's yeast and baker's yeast) and Hansenula jadinii (Candida utilis, Torula utilis) form binary complexes with NADP+ in which the glycosidic bond of the adenine moiety is in the anti conformation whereas that of the nicotinamide moiety exists as a syn (69-70%)/anti (30-40%) mixture. The enzymes have similar subunit sizes (Mr approximately 58 000) and it is shown that they bind NADP+ in essentially similar conformations. Inactivation of the baker's yeast enzyme with acetylsalicylic acid caused little if any alteration in the conformation of bound NADP+, and the presence of NADP+ during inactivation afforded very little protection to the enzyme. Inactivation rates were, however, lower in the presence of glucose 6-phosphate. It is concluded that the epsilon-amino group of the lysine residue that is acetylated during the inactivation reaction with acetylsalicylic acid is not necessary for binary complex formation between the enzyme and NADP+, but that it is situated in a part of the molecule affected by formation of the enzyme--glucose-6-phosphate complex. The implication of the findings for the catalytic process, and related evolutionary aspects, are discussed briefly.
Ventricular Wall Granulations and Draining of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Chronic Giant Hydrocephalus (2009)

These previously unreported (to our knowledge) ventricular wall granulations may facilitate draining of CSF into the venous system when CSF outflow from the ventricular system is occluded. The presence of these ventricular structures illustrates biologic adaptation to anomalous conditions and successful compensation.
Implicit Yee-mesh-based finite-difference full-vectorial beam-propagation method (2005)

A novel Yee-mesh-based finite-difference full-vectorial beam-propagation method is proposed with the aid of an implicit scheme. The efficient algorithm is developed by splitting the propagation axis into two steps. The eigenmode analysis of a rib waveguide is performed using the imaginary-distance procedure. The results show that the present method offers reduction in computational time and memory, while maintaining the same accuracy as the conventional explicit Yee-mesh-based imaginary-distance beam-propagation method. It is demonstrated by the analysis of a polarization converter that the present method can be used for not only the eigenmode analysis but also the propagating beam analysis.
Lactoferrin sequestration and its contribution to iron‐deficiency anemia in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>‐infected gastric mucosa (2003)

The lactoferrin sequestration in the gastric mucosa of HPIDA was remarkable, and this finding seems to give a clue that leads to the clarification of the mechanism by which H. pylori infection contributes to iron-deficiency anemia.
The amazing power of pairwise independence (abstract) (1994)

Article The amazing power of pairwise independence (abstract) Share on Author: Avi Wigderson Institute for Computer Science, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel Institute for Computer Science, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, IsraelView Profile Authors Info & Claims STOC '94: Proceedings of the twenty-sixth annual ACM symposium on Theory of ComputingMay 1994 Pages 645–647https://doi.org/10.1145/195058.195420Online:23 May 1994Publication History 5citation534DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads534Last 12 Months8Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
A fast method for computing radiation from printed circuit boards (2002)

An alternative approach for computing radiation from a multilayer circuit board is presented. Compared to a full-wave electromagnetic approach, this method is much faster and requires less storage space for data. Computational efficiency is the key attribute of the approach. It allows solutions, previously unobtainable, to complex and realistic structures, such as those arising from typical product designs. The radiation is calculated using a transmission line model to find the amplitude and spatial distribution of currents in printed circuit traces. The far field is computed using the Green's function of a current element just above, or inside, a thin dielectric sheet. Two examples are considered: (1) a comparison of results in the frequency domain obtained by using the method described here with those of a full-wave electromagnetic approach based on the method of moments; and (2) a comparison of simulation results with real semianechoic chamber measurements.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
<i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Vivo</i> Activities of Posaconazole and Amphotericin B in a Murine Invasive Infection by Mucor circinelloides: Poor Efficacy of Posaconazole (2012)

The in vitro susceptibility of 17 strains of Mucor circinelloides to amphotericin B and posaconazole was ascertained by using broth microdilution and disk diffusion methods and by determining the minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC). We evaluated the efficacy of posaconazole at 40 mg/kg of body weight/day and amphotericin B at 0.8 mg/kg/day in a neutropenic murine model of disseminated infection by M. circinelloides by using 6 different strains tested previously in vitro. In general, most of the posaconazole MICs were within the range of susceptibility or intermediate susceptibility, while the small inhibition zone diameters (IZDs) were indicative of nonsusceptibility for all isolates tested. The MFCs were ≥ 3 dilutions higher than the corresponding MICs. In contrast, amphotericin B showed good activity against all of the strains tested regardless of the method used. The in vivo studies demonstrated that amphotericin B was effective in prolonging survival and reducing the fungal load. Posaconazole showed poor in vivo efficacy with no correlation with the MIC values. The results suggested that posaconazole should be used with caution in the treatment of infections caused by Mucor circinelloides or by strains of Mucor not identified to the species level.
Enhanced Functional Outcomes with Elective UE Amputations (2008)

With modern limb salvage procedures, successful reconstruction is not always\nachieved. This lecture will utilize case presentations to show increased functional\nbenefit in patients who underwent elective amputation surgeries. Neurological damage,\nsevere burn, and brachial plexus injuries are common occurrences that lead to a nonfunctional\nproblematic reconstructed limb. Typically considered failures by the surgical\nteam, potential prosthetic users need to be made aware of the positive benefits of\nelective surgeries. Preliminary outcomes measures will be presented including South\nHampton Hand Test and Functional Capacity Evaluations.
Recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of methemoglobinemia (2021)

Methemoglobinemia is a rare disorder associated with oxidization of divalent ferro-iron of hemoglobin (Hb) to ferri-iron of methemoglobin (MetHb). Methemoglobinemia can result from either inherited or acquired processes. Acquired forms are the most common, mainly due to the exposure to substances that cause oxidation of the Hb both directly or indirectly. Inherited forms are due either to autosomal recessive variants in the CYB5R3 gene or to autosomal dominant variants in the globin genes, collectively known as HbM disease. Our recommendations are based on a systematic literature search. A series of questions regarding the key signs and symptoms, the methods for diagnosis, the clinical management in neonatal/childhood/adulthood period, and the therapeutic approach of methemoglobinemia were formulated and the relative recommendations were produced. An agreement was obtained using a Delphi-like approach and the experts panel reached a final consensus >75% of agreement for all the questions.
MODULATION OF HEME OXYGENASE (HSP-32) BY COBALT-PROTOPORPHYRIN ABROGATES DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE GVHD IN A PARENT TO F1 MOUSE MODEL (1998)

637 Graft versus host disease (GVHD) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after bone marrow transplantation. Recently, we demonstrated that elevated expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1 or Hsp-32), an enzyme responsible for the degradation of hemoglobin to biliverdin and carbon-monoxide, results in the modulation of several immune effector functions. Based on these observations we evaluated if Cobalt-protoporphyrin(CoPP), a compound well known to induce HO-1 expression can prevent the development of acute GVHD. Acute GVHD was initiated by injection of unfractionated spleen cells from C57BL/6 into B6D2/F1 mice. Subsequently, recipients were given a single intravenous injection of saline or CoPP at 2.5 or 5 mg/kg. Administration of CoPP resulted in increased survival: 85% of CoPP treated animals (6 out of 7) survived for more than 30 days compared to only 29% of control animals (2 out of 7, p < 0.1). To determine if the protective effect of CoPP therapy was due to immunomodulation of the recipient or the donor cells, donor mice were treated with different doses of CoPP three days before harvesting their spleen cells. 80% of recipients (4 out of 5) injected with spleen cells from CoPP-treated donors (20 mg/kg) survived for more than 100 days compared to none of the mice (0 out of 5) injected with spleen cells from vehicle treated donors. No significant weight change was observed in animals injected with spleen cells from CoPP treated animals. The immunocompetence of injected animals was assessed on days 2, 15 and 100. Two days after injection of vehicle-treated donor-spleen cells, an increased spontaneous proliferation of lymphocytes could be measured in vitro. Such proliferation was not seen with recipients injected with CoPP-treated donor-spleen cells. Cytokine analysis revealed elevated IFN-γ production by spleen cells isolated from mice with GVHD, while spleen cells isolated from protected recipients secreted significantly lower levels of IFN-γ. Mice with active GVHD demonstrated a defective lymphoproliferative response to alloantigens or ConA. However, spleen cells isolated from survivors (on day 100) responded normally. Furthermore, anti-host cytotoxic T cell activity was reduced in protected mice compared to mice with GVHD. Flow cytometric analysis of splenic T cell populations revealed a majority of donor type (H2b+) cells in mice with active GVHD versus a majority of recipient (H2b+, H2d+) cells in protected mice on day 45. On day 100, the spleen cell population of three out of four (75%) long-term survivors showed a normal recipient phenotype. In conclusion, results from confirmed our previous observations that upregulation of HO-1 activity is associated with down-regulation of certain immune effector functions. This results in protection from acute GVHD in a parent into F1 mouse model.
A simple radioimmunoassay of human placental alkaline phosphatase (Regan isoenzyme) using specific antibody polymers. (1975)

Rabbit antiserum against highly purified high-molecular-weight B-variant of human placental alkaline phosphatase (M.W. 200,000) was rendered monospecific by absorption with polymerized pooled male serum proteins; the absorbed antiserum was then polymerized with ethyl chloroformate and used in radioimmunoassay as a stable solid-phase immunoabsorbent. Homogeneous preparation of the enzyme, with a specific activity of 477 mumoles phenol per mg per min, was also obtained by absorbing the chromatographically purified enzyme with polymerized rabbit antiserum directed to whole human serum proteins; the pure enzyme was then labeled with 125-I as the tracer retaining at least 80% of its antigenicity. Only a minute quantity of the polymerized antibody particles is required for each assay in admixture with the labeled and unlabeled enzyme. By adding a small amount of starch-gel particles before low-speed centrifugation, complete phase separation was achieved. The radioimmunoassay could detect 0.4 to 0.8 ng enzyme protein per tube, which is comparable to the sensitivity achieved by enzymic assays. However, radioimmunoassay is advantageous over the enzymic assay in being direct, specific (no interference by the nonplacental-type alkaline posphatase), and capable of detecting both catalytically active and inactive forms of the enzyme. Native variants of placental-type alkaline phosphatase including Regan isoenzyme and Nagao isoenzyme (D-phenotype of normal placental alkaline phosphatase), could thus be directly determined by this procedure in the clinical specimens.
Efficacy and tolerability of certolizumab pegol are sustained over 18 months: data from PRECiSE 2 and its extension studies (PRECiSE 3 and 4) (2008)

PRECiSE 2, a 26-week, open-label induction, double-blind maintenance trial, demonstrated that certolizumab pegol — an Fc-free PEGylated Fab' anti-TNF— is effective and well-tolerated in active Crohn's disease (CD).1 Patients could enter openlabel extension studies evaluating long-term continued maintenance of response (PRECiSE 3) or re-induction and maintenance after relapse (PRECiSE 4). PRECiSE 3 and PRECiSE 4 are ongoing studies; results after 12 and 18 months' treatment are presented here. In PRECiSE 2, responders to open-label induction (Weeks 0, 2, 4) with certolizumab pegol 400 mg (64.1%) were randomized at Week 6 to certolizumab pegol 400 mg (n =215) or placebo (n=210) every 4 weeks (Week 8-24). Patients completing PRECiSE 2 could enter PRECiSE 3 and continued to receive certolizumab pegol 400 mg every 4 weeks for up to 5 years. Patients who relapsed (Crohn's Disease Activity Index [CDAI] score increase ≥70 points or CDAI score ≥350 points) after randomization in PRECiSE 2 were eligible to enter PRECiSE 4 and receive re-induction with certolizumab pegol 400 mg (Weeks 0, 2, 4) followed by maintenance dosing every 4 weeks (i.e., re-induction from PRECiSE 2 into PRECiSE 4 was a single additional dose). In PRECiSE 3 and PRECiSE 4, efficacy was assessed by the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI: remission = HBI score ≤4; response = HBI decrease ≥3).2 Patients lost to follow-up or withdrawn were treated as non-responders. By Week 26 of PRECiSE 2, remission was achieved by 47.9% (103/215) of patients receiving certolizumab pegol (n =215). In an ITT-like analysis of the active arm in which all patients lost to follow up were classified as “failures”, 40.9% (88/215) achieved remission after 12 months of continued treatment in PRECiSE 3. After 18 months, 36.3% (78/215) remained in remission. Among patients that became active and were re-induced with certolizumab pegol in PRECiSE 4, 28.6% (14/49) achieved remission. The remission rate after re-induction was stable (34.7%17/49 6 and 12 months after starting PRECiSE 4). Among patients from the PRECiSE 2 placebo group who were re-induced with certolizumab pegol in PRECiSE 4, 44.0% (33/75) achieved remission. Remission rates were 44.0% (33/75) after 6 months and 36.0% (27/75) after 12 months. No new safety signals were identified following re-exposure of placebo patients from PRECiSE 2 to certolizumab pegol. Certolizumab pegol-induced remission in patients with CD is characterized by a remarkable long-term durability. Re-induction with a single supplemental dose of certolizumab pegol 400 mg after loss of response under certolizumab pegol maintenance was a well-tolerated, successful therapeutic strategy.