gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design And Simulation Of Optically Interconnected Computer Systems (1988)

Optical interconnections within mainframe computers were first proposed over ten years ago, but the debate continues on their effectiveness at a given interconnection level (board-to-board, chip-to-chip, etc.) In order to gauge the impact of this new technology several studies have discussed the power and speed limitations of electrical interconnections. Unfortunately, hard data is difficult to generate due to the immense complexity of the systems involved. Many of these problems are due to the conceptual view of a computer as an array of devices connected by wires. As we move into the interconnect-limited regime it becomes advantageous to consider the system as a pattern of wires that must be excited by devices. It is in this spirit that we propose a model of the computer which is based on the statistical analysis of its interconnections. Previous work in this area has quoted the performance of interconnections in terms of effective averages. In this paper we produce closed-form analytic expressions for the interconnection distribution as a function of hierarchy. A self-similar hierarchical model, satisfying the observed power-law relationship between circuit complexity and interconnection count, is used to mimic the interconnection distribution within large computer systems. The length distribution function is accessible at all hierarchical levels. This enables the operational performance of optical interconnection strategies to be monitored and compared with their electrical counterparts.
Spontaneous Blinks Activate the Precuneus: Characterizing Blink-Related Oscillations Using Magnetoencephalography (2017)

Spontaneous blinking occurs 15-20 times per minute. Although blinking has often been associated with its physiological role of corneal lubrication, there is now increasing behavioral evidence suggesting that blinks are also modulated by cognitive processes such as attention and information processing. Recent low-density electroencephalography (EEG) studies have reported so-called blink-related oscillations (BROs) associated with spontaneous blinking at rest. Delta-band (0.5-4 Hz) BROs are thought to originate from the precuneus region involved in environmental monitoring and awareness, with potential clinical utility in evaluation of disorders of consciousness. However, the neural mechanisms of BROs have not been elucidated. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we characterized delta-band BROs in 36 healthy individuals while controlling for background brain activity. Results showed that, compared to pre-blink baseline, delta-band BROs resulted in increased global field power (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and time-frequency spectral power (<i>p</i> < 0.05) at the sensor level, peaking at ~250 ms post-blink maximum. Source localization showed that spontaneous blinks activated the bilateral precuneus (<i>p</i> < 0.05 FWE), and source activity within the precuneus was also consistent with sensor-space results. Crucially, these effects were only observed in the blink condition and were absent in the control condition, demonstrating that results were due to spontaneous blinks rather than as part of the inherent brain activity. The current study represents the first MEG examination of BROs. Our findings suggest that spontaneous blinks activate the precuneus regions consistent with environmental monitoring and awareness, and provide important neuroimaging support for the cognitive role of spontaneous blinks.
Determination of thermal accommodation coefficients of inert gases on a surface of vitreous UO/sub 2/ at about 35/sup 0/C (1982)

Estimation of gap conductance in nuclear reactor fuel rods requires values for thermal accommodation coefficients of several gases on Zircaloy, uranium dioxide, stainless steel, and other surfaces. These values for UO/sub 2/ have now been obtained by observing cooling rates of a UO/sub 2/ sphere suspended in the several gases in a manner similar to the authors' previous work on Zircaloy-2. These measurements are on socalled ''engineering'' surfaces, and no special attempt other than mild baking under high vacuum pumping was used to clean the surfaces.
Structural Organization of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels Obtained by Freezing and Thawing Techniques:  A SANS Study (2005)

The structural organization of matter in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels obtained by repeatedly freezing and thawing dilute solutions of PVA in D2O is investigated by use of small-angle neutron scattering measurements (SANS). This study is the first systematic and quantitative investigation in the medium range of length scales on PVA hydrogels obtained by freezing and thawing techniques. The studied gels have a complex hierarchical structure, extending over a wide range of length scales. The structural organization on the micron length scale originates from the presence of two separated phases constituted by polymer-rich and polymer-poor regions. The network structure may be interpreted in terms of the connectivity of the regions occupied by the polymer-rich phase, which extend over the macroscopic dimensions of the sample. The organization on the medium length scale is provided by the presence of small crystallites, fringed micelle-like, within the polymer-rich phase. In these regions, the crystals are highly connected by swollen amorphous tie chains. The presence of these tie chains ensures the connectivity of the macroscopic network. The structural organization on the short length scale is essentially provided by the relative arrangement of chains within the crystallites and in the swollen amorphous zones. The PVA hydrogel structure has been modeled as a collection of polydisperse and homogeneous spherical crystallites, interacting via hard-spheres potential. SANS experiments permitted us to obtain values of the crystallite size of about 33 Å, of the volume fraction of polymer-rich phase of the order of 1% and a value of the average crystallite−crystallite correlation distances of the order of a few tens of nanometers, independent of the imposed number of freeze/thaw cycles (n), for n > 1. The present analysis also indicates that the structure of the gel obtained imposing a single freeze/thaw cycle is somehow intermediate between the structure of the homogeneous starting solution and the structure of the already well-formed sample obtained by imposing two consecutive cycles.
Purification and Properties of Neutral Proteinase II from Aspergillus oryzae (1973)

Neutral proteinase II (the second peak in DEAE-cellulose chromatography) in the culture fluid of Aspergillus oryzae was purified the Amberlite IRC-50 adsorbed fraction by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and two steps of gel filtration through Sephadex G-100. The purified enzyme showed neither aminopeptidase nor carboxypeptidase activity. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be about 19, 300 by gel filtration method. The enzyme has an optimum pH of 5.5 to 6.0 in acetate and phosphate buffers. More than 70% of the activity was remained after heating at 90°C for 10min. About 70% of original activity was reduced in the presence of 10-2M EDTA (pH 6.0) and the activity with 18% NaCI was almost 50% of the activity without NaCl.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐HYDROXY‐3‐METHYL‐1,1‐DIMETHOXY‐BUTAN, EIN NEUES REAGENZ ZUR DIMETHYLCHROMENYLIERUNG, SYNTH. VON LONCHOCARPIN, JACAREUBIN, EVODIONOL‐METHYLAETHER UND ANDEREN CHROMENEN (1971)

Abstract In gleicher Weise wie Citral gehen auch dessen Dimethylacetal sowie entsprechend auch 3‐Methyl‐butenal (I) und dessen Dimethylacetal pyridinkatalysierte Kondensationen mit Diphenolen ein.
A five to seven-year follow-up of unicondylar arthroplasty. (1980)

Thirty-two unicondylar knee replacements in thirty patients were done between 1972 and 1974. Ten patients were lost to follow-up because of death or other reasons. The remaining twenty-two knees (seventeen medial and five lateral compartments replaced) had a follow-up ranging from five to seven years, with an average of six years. Although the quality and result of these unicondylar arthroplasties were initially considered good, they have subsequently shown a marked deterioration. At the time of this report only one knee was rated as excellent; seven knees, as good; four knees, as fair; and ten knees, as poor. Seven knees (28 per cent) have been converted to a bicondylar prosthesis. The lateral replacements did much better than the medial replacements.
Analytic model of phononic crystals with local resonances (2005)

A simple analytic model is presented to describe the low-frequency effective mass densities of three-component phononic crystals with local resonances. We show that the effective mass densities can turn negative close to the local resonances. Expressions for the effective mass densities are derived for both three-dimensional systems with coated spheres embedded in a host matrix, and two-dimensional systems with coated cylinders embedded in a host matrix.
Oxybutynin for detrusor instability with adjuvant salivary stimulant pastilles to improve compliance: results of a multicentre, randomized controlled trial (2000)

The combination of oxybutynin and salivary stimulant pastilles does not improve compliance or symptom relief compared with oxybutynin alone; it does not allow a greater dose of oxybutynin to be tolerated.
Fine-scale genetic analyses reveal unexpected spatial-temporal heterogeneity in two natural populations of the commercial mushroom Agaricus bisporus (2002)

This study examined the fine-scale genetic variation of the commercial mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, over 2 years at two sites in France. One site was a meadow fertilized with horse manure and disturbed regularly by humans; the other was a Monterey cypress forest free of human disturbance. Altogether, 50 mushrooms were collected and analysed for mitochondrial and nuclear genetic variation marked by RFLPs and multilocus enzyme electrophoretic polymorphisms. Population samples from these two sites were genetically different and both sites contained high levels of genetic diversity. No identical genotypes were found at either site between the 2 years and there was little evidence for extensive vegetative clonality for this species. Contrary to expectations, very limited evidence of pseudohomothallic reproduction was found. Results from tests of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and genotypic equilibrium showed that outcrossing and recombination have played significant roles in both populations. The results demonstrated spatial-temporal genetic heterogeneity of A. bisporus in natural populations.
Measurement of quantum efficiency of avalanche photodetectors based on quantum two-photon field (1998)

A pair of rigorously correlated photons (biphotons) from parametric down conversion makes it possible to use them for measuring the absolute value of the quantum efficiency of the optical detectors, both in photon counting and in analog regimes, that does not use any calibrated standard light sources. Using this method the quantum efficiency of EG&G avalanche photodetectors was determined.
Decentralized network coding (2005)

This paper proposes deterministic algorithms for decentralized network coding. Decentralized coding allows us to locally specify the coding operations at network nodes without knowledge of the overall network topology, and to accommodate future changes in the network such as addition of receivers. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first deterministic decentralized algorithms proposed for network coding.
Locally Deformable Shape Model to Improve 3D Level Set Based Esophagus Segmentation (2010)

In this paper we propose a supervised 3D segmentation algorithm to locate the esophagus in thoracic CT scans using a variational framework. To address challenges due to low contrast, several priors are learned from a training set of segmented images. Our algorithm first estimates the centerline based on a spatial model learned at a few manually marked anatomical reference points. Then an implicit shape model is learned by subtracting the centerline and applying PCA to these shapes. To allow local variations in the shapes, we propose to use nonlinear smooth local deformations. Finally, the esophageal wall is located within a 3D level set framework by optimizing a cost function including terms for appearance, the shape model, smoothness constraints and an air/contrast model.
Serology (IgA and IgG) may improve the etiologic diagnosis of childhood pneumococcal pneumonia : first results from the Pediatric Pneumococcal Pneumonia (3P) trial. (2010)

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
TRBAC (2001)

Role-based access control (RBAC) models are receiving increasing attention as a generalized approach to access control. Roles may be available to users at certain time periods, and unavailable at others. Moreover, there can be temporal dependencies among roles. To tackle such dynamic aspects, we introduce Temporal-RBAC (TRBAC), an extension of the RBAC model. TRBAC supports periodic role enabling and disabling---possibly with individual exceptions for particular users---and temporal dependencies among such actions, expressed by means of role triggers. Role trigger actions may be either immediately executed, or deferred by an explicitly specified amount of time. Enabling and disabling actions may be given a priority, which is used to solve conflicting actions. A formal semantics for the specification language is provided, and a polynomial safeness check is introduced to reject ambiguous or inconsistent specifications. Finally, a system implementing TRBAC on top of a conventional DBMS is presented.
An Ensemble Approach to Identifying Informative Constraints for Semi-Supervised Clustering (2007)

Abstract. A number of clustering algorithms have been proposed for use in tasks where a limited degree of supervision is available. This prior knowledge is frequently provided in the form of pairwise must-link and cannot-link constraints. While the incorporation of pairwise supervision has the potential to improve clustering accuracy, the composition and cardinality of the constraint sets can significantly impact upon the level of improvement. We demonstrate that it is often possible to correctly “guess ” a large number of constraints without supervision from the coassociations between pairs of objects in an ensemble of clusterings. Along the same lines, we establish that constraints based on pairs with uncertain co-associations are particularly informative, if known. An evaluation on text data shows that this provides an effective criterion for identifying constraints, leading to a reduction in the level of supervision required to direct a clustering algorithm to an accurate solution. 1
How to Tailor Structural Colors for Extended Visibility and White Light Generation Employing Direct Laser Interference Patterning (2019)

Front Cover: In the article number 1900205, Sabri Alamri and co-workers develop an innovative micro-structuring technique, with which it is possible to modify the optical properties of transparent or reflective materials in order to diffract white light. For example, this approach can be used in order to create light diffusers, which spread the light only in a defined direction, without altering its spectral properties or its quality.
Pressure dependence of a krypton mono-filamentary dielectric barrier discharge (2009)

International audience
Abstract 607: Enhanced inhibition of prostate cancer xenograft tumor growth by combining quercetin and green tea (2012)

Abstract The chemopreventive activity of green tea (GT) and green tea polyphenols (GTPs) in prostate cancer has been demonstrated in preclinical cell culture and animal models. However, extensive methylation of GTPs in vivo to less active methyl-metabolites may be limiting the anti-cancer activity of GT. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether quercetin (Q), a natural inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), will increase tissue concentrations of non-methylated GTPs and enhance the inhibition of xenograft tumor growth in severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice. Androgen-sensitive LAPC-4 prostate cancer cells were injected subcutaneously into SCID mice (n=12 per group). SCID mice were randomly assigned to four groups: control, GT, Q, and GT + Q treatment. The interventions were initiated when tumors reached volume of 10mm3. The final concentration of GTPs in brewed tea administered as drinking water was 0.07% and Q was supplemented in AIN-93G diet at a concentration of 4g/kg diet. There were no differences in food intake, body weight or water consumption during the intervention. Tissue bioavailability of GTPs was increased significantly by 2 to 3-fold in lung, kidney and xenograft tumors and showed a trend to increase by 1.3-fold in liver tissue by GT and Q treatment compared to GT alone. Methylation of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the main polyphenol in green tea, was decreased in tissues from mice in the GT+Q group. After 6 weeks, tumor growth was inhibited by 16% (Q alone), 21% (GT alone), and 45% (GT+Q) compared to the control group. Western blot analysis demonstrated a significant inhibition of methyl transferases such as COMT (31%) and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) (52%) in tumors from the GT+Q group compared to the control. It has been demonstrated previously that EGCG can act as androgen receptor (AR) antagonist as well as inhibit angiogenesis via inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Together Q+GT inhibited protein expression of AR (35%), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (39%), and VEGF (25%) more than either GT or Q alone. This study demonstrates an enhanced inhibition of prostate tumor growth when GT and Q are co-administered and this is likely due to inhibition of methylation resulting in enhanced anti-tumor activity of EGCG via effects on angiogenesis, and androgen-mediated tumor growth. This study sets the stage for future human interventions to confirm the increase in bioavailability and chemoprevention using GT in combination with Q. This project was supported by DOD grant W81XWH-10-1-0298 and NIH grant RO3 CA150047-01. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 607. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-607
A population based family study of a common oligogenic disease — part I: Association/aggregation analysis (1997)

In this paper, we demonstrate the association/aggregation analysis of case-control family data, which is described as part of the population-based family study design described in Zhao et al. [this issue]. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Subjective Visual Perceptionof a Dislocated Intraocular Lens (2002)

Yong, Vernon K.Y. FRCSEda; Lee, Hung-Ming FRCSEda; Eong, Kah-Guan Au FRCSEd, FRCS(Glasg), DRCOphtha; Yong, Victor S.H. FRCSEd, FRCOphtha Author Information
Silicon quantum photonic circuits for on-chip qubit generation, manipulation and logic operations (2013)

A silicon photonic quantum waveguide circuit capable of generating and manipulating quantum states on-chip is demonstrated. Path-separated indistinguishable photon states are generated and single-qubit and two-qubit quantum logic operations are realized.
N3-Substituted Thymidine Analogues: Radiosyntheses of N3-[4-(4-(2-[18F] fluoroethyl)phenyl)butyl]thymidine and N3-[5-(4-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)- phenyl)pentyl]thymidine for PET (2009)

Radiosyntheses of two new N3-substituted analogues of thymidine, N3-[4-(4-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)phenyl)butyl] thymidine ([18F]-FEPBT) and N3-[5-(4-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)phenyl)pentyl]thymidine ([18F]-FEPPT) are reported. Synthesesof the precursor compounds, 3,5-O-bis-tetrahydropyranyl-N3-[4-(4-(2-methanesulfonyl-ethyl)phenyl)butyl]thymidine and 3,5-O-bis-tetrahydropyranyl-N3-[5-(4-(2-methanesulfonyl-ethyl)phenyl)pentyl]thymidine are described. Radiofluorination of these precursors was performed using K[18F]/kryptofix 2.2.2. in dry MeCN. Hydrolysis of the protecting groups followed by HPLC purification yielded the desired products [18F]-FEPBT and [18F]-FEPPT. The radiochemical yields of [18F]-FEPBT were 35%-48% decay corrected (d. c.) with an average of 44%; and those of [18F]-FEPPT were 32%-40% (d. c.) with an average of 37% in three runs per compound. Radiochemical purity was > 99% and specific activity was > 74 GBq/μmol at the end of synthesis. The synthesis time was 80-90 min from the end of bombardment (EOB).
Etched cavity InGaAsP-InP waveguide Fabry-Perot filter tunable by current injection (1999)

A short cavity Fabry-Perot (FP) tunable filter was fabricated by chemically assisted ion beam etching (CAIBE) of an InGaAsP-InP waveguide. The FP cavity mirrors were formed by high reflectivity dielectric coatings deposited onto the two etched facets of the cavity. High-speed (less than 3 ns) wavelength-tuning of the filter was achieved by current injection. A super-linear dependence on current injection was observed in the wavelength tuning. The filter was tunable over a continuous range of 4 nm by up to 50 mA current injection. The device had a free-spectral range of 9 nm and gave a contrast ratio of about 10 dB. A theoretical simulation of the filter was developed using a beam propagation method calculation to estimate the reflection efficiency at different mirror tilt angles. The calculated contrast ratio of the filter was in good agreement with the measured result. The calculations showed that 20 dB contrast ratio should be possible by having a facet reflectivity of over 90% and ensuring that the etched facets are off-vertical by less than 1.8.
Plasma 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroids in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. (1994)

There is little information about the plasma concentrations of 3 beta-hydroxy-delta 5-steroids (delta 5-steroids) in untreated patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. To further study the delta 5 pathway, we measured plasma levels of delta 5- and delta 4-steroids in 21 adult patients with different degrees of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (11 salt-wasters, 5 simple virilizers, and 5 patients with the nonclassical form of the disease). In all patients, investigations were performed after withdrawal of steroid treatment for at least 10 days. In addition, catheterization of gonadal and adrenal veins was performed in two salt-wasting male patients displaying bilateral testicular tumors to study adrenal secretion of delta 5- and delta 4-steroids. In one of them, surgical resection of the intratesticular adrenal rests gave the opportunity to measure 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta HSD) activity. In all untreated patients, an increase in plasma delta 4-steroids was observed. In contrast, although plasma levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were not significantly modified in simple virilizers, a paradoxical decrease in all delta 5-steroids was observed in salt-wasters. Catheterization of the adrenal veins confirmed the decrease in delta 5-steroids, particularly DHEA and DHEAS. The androstenedione/DHEA ratio was increased in all patients proportionally to the severity of the disease, suggesting an increase in adrenal 3 beta HSD. In vitro analysis of 3 beta HSD activity showed a 4-fold increase in intratesticular adrenal tissue compared to that in normal adrenals. A positive correlation between the androstenedione/DHEA ratio and plasma ACTH levels was observed, suggesting a long term stimulatory effect of ACTH on 3 beta HSD. Angiotensin-II could have an additive effect on ACTH-induced 3 beta HSD activity.