gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Restaurant Survival Analysis with Heterogeneous Information (2017)

For shopkeepers, one of their biggest common concerns is whether their business will thrive or fail in the future. With the development of new ways to collect business data, it is possible to leverage multiple domains' knowledge to build an intelligent model for business assessment. In this paper, we discuss what the potential indicators are for the long-term survival of a physical store. To this end, we study factors from four pillars: geography, user mobility, user rating, and review text. We start by exploring the impact of geographic features, which describe the location environment of the retailer store. The location and nearby places play an important role in the popularity of the shop, and usually less competitiveness and more heterogeneity is better. Then we study user mobility. It can be viewed as supplementary to the geographical placement, showing how the location can attract users from anywhere. Another important factor is how the shop can serve and satisfy users. We find that restaurant survival prediction is a hard task that can not be solved simply using consumers' ratings or sentiment metrics. Compared with conclusive and well-formatted ratings, the various review words provide more insight of the shop and deserve in-depth mining. We adopt several language models to fully explore the textual message. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that review text indeed have the strongest predictive power. We further compare different cities' models and find the conclusions are highly consistent. Although we focus on the class of restaurant in this paper, the method can be easily extended to other shop categories.
Beam Selection and Power Allocation for Massive Connectivity in Millimeter Wave NOMA Systems (2020)

Massive connectivity is one of the killer use cases for fifth generation (5G) wireless systems over the millimeter wave (mmWave) band. Due to the sparse nature of mmWave channel, several users may choose the same beam as the strongest one, leading to severe intra-beam interference (intra-BI). Although intra-BI can be mitigated through digital precoding, the required number of RF chains for fulfilling massive connectivity becomes large. By applying non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and properly allocating transmit power to each beam and user, the sum rate can be maximized using a smaller number of RF chains. However, the power allocated to each user depends on that allocated to other users within the same beam. Since the joint beam selection and power allocation problem contains a non-convex objective function with a large set of coupled and mixed integer variables, direct solutions may not exist particularly when both the number of users and antennas are large. In this work, we decompose the aforementioned problem into two subproblems, where the beam selection sub-problem is first solved under an equal power allocation. The outcome of beam selection is then used as the input to the power allocation sub-problem. For both subproblems, we develop numerous efficient algorithms to find the active beam set and the user power allocation, respectively. The notions of embedded methods from machine learning and that of intelligent searching from metaheuristics are adopted in our work as the key ingredient for algorithm constructions. Numerical results demonstrate that in the region of large user population, the proposed beam selection and power allocation algorithms can effectively improve the sum rate using a less number of RF chains in comparison with some existing solutions.
A high-efficiency RF transmitter using VCO-derived synthesis: CALLUM (2002)

The combined analogue locked-loop universal modulator (CALLUM) is an RF transmitter topology which produces a linear output through the use of non-linear but highly efficient RF power amplifiers. This is achieved through careful phasing of two constant-envelope vectors, each derived from voltage-controlled oscillators. The system up-converts and amplifies a baseband signal within a closed-loop feedback scheme. The optimal CALLUM system requires complex baseband processing, but a simplified version, known as CALLUM2 can be implemented using simple analogue circuitry. This paper provides some insight into the behaviour of such systems and gives results from an experimental CALLUM2 system in response to a modulating signal compatible with that used in the TETRA standard.
SOME FACTORS AFFECTING THE JOB SATISFACTION OF COMMUNITY COLLEGE FACULTY IN PENNSYLVANIA (1983)

Previous research on job satisfaction among community college faculty has tended to present a picture of this faculty as a group of highly satisfied professionals. However, little attention has been given to possible sources of satisfaction/dissatisfaction. The present study presents an analysis of six facet‐specific dimensions of job satisfaction of 161 community college faculty members in Pennsylvania and examines the effects of selected personal characteristics and job related activities on these six dimensions. Findings indicate that heavy involvement in routine academic activities such as teaching, advising, working with student groups, committee work, and related tasks has an adverse effect on many dimensions of job satisfaction. Results also suggest that involvement in certain types of faculty development programs may be a leading cause of job dissatisfaction among those surveyed. Implications for collective bargaining are discussed.
A Joint Model of Conversational Discourse and Latent Topics on Microblogs (2018)

Conventional topic models are ineffective for topic extraction from microblog messages, because the data sparseness exhibited in short messages lacking structure and contexts results in poor message-level word co-occurrence patterns. To address this issue, we organize microblog messages as conversation trees based on their reposting and replying relations, and propose an unsupervised model that jointly learns word distributions to represent: (1) different roles of conversational discourse, and (2) various latent topics in reflecting content information. By explicitly distinguishing the probabilities of messages with varying discourse roles in containing topical words, our model is able to discover clusters of discourse words that are indicative of topical content. In an automatic evaluation on large-scale microblog corpora, our joint model yields topics with better coherence scores than competitive topic models from previous studies. Qualitative analysis on model outputs indicates that our model induces meaningful representations for both discourse and topics. We further present an empirical study on microblog summarization based on the outputs of our joint model. The results show that the jointly modeled discourse and topic representations can effectively indicate summary-worthy content in microblog conversations.
System Simulation of a Differential Radiometer Using Standard RF-Microwave Simulators (2005)

A complete radiometer simulation framework with special emphasis on high frequencies and switched system performance is proposed. The simulation procedures have been tested on a system configuration used in a branch of the 30-GHz Planck Radiometer, which detects radiation from the cosmic microwave background in a window with 20% relative bandwidth centered at 30 GHz. The goal of the article is not to obtain detailed conclusions about this radiometer in particular but to test the viability of proposed techniques in a realistic context. Basic RF performance of an ideal and a more realistic version of the radiometer is compared. Furthermore, the whole system simulation is implemented in the frequency domain and the time domain, on the same platform that is used to design separate microwave components, introducing realistic parameters for the high-frequency components, such us measured S parameters of the amplifiers and measured current-voltage characteristics of the detectors.
A Linear Fractional Semidefinite Relaxation Approach to Maximum-Likelihood Detection of Higher-Order QAM OSTBC in Unknown Channels (2009)

This paper considers the blind maximum-likelihood (ML) detection problem for orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBCs) in multiple-input multiple-output flat-fading channels. While the blind ML detection problem for general space-time codes is difficult to solve, it has been shown that for OSTBCs with constant modulus constellations, the blind ML detection problem can be formulated as a discrete quadratic program, and then handled by a powerful convex approximation technique known as semidefinite relaxation (SDR). In this paper, we turn our attention to the case of higher order QAM OSTBCs. Due to the nonconstant modulus nature of higher order QAM signals, the blind ML detection problem turns out to be a discrete Rayleigh quotient maximization problem, and as a result the current SDR technique is no longer directly applicable. We propose a linear fractional SDR (LFSDR) approach to this problem. This approach first relaxes the higher order QAM blind ML detection problem into a quasi-convex problem, followed by a simple solution approximation procedure. In general, quasi-convex problems are computationally more complex to solve than convex problems, but we show that an optimum solution of our quasi-convex problem can be efficiently obtained by solving a convex semidefinite program. The approximation accuracy of the proposed approach relative to other possible relaxation approaches is also studied. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate that the proposed LFSDR-based blind ML detector outperforms some existing suboptimal detectors and can yield promising performance even with a small to moderate number of code blocks.
Perspectives on Transdermal Electroporation (2016)

Transdermal drug delivery offers several advantages, including avoidance of erratic absorption, absence of gastric irritation, painlessness, noninvasiveness, as well as improvement in patient compliance. With this mode of drug administration, there is no pre-systemic metabolism and it is possible to increase drug bioavailability and half-life. However, only a few molecules can be delivered across the skin in therapeutic quantities. This is because of the hindrance provided by the stratum corneum. Several techniques have been developed and used over the last few decades for transdermal drug delivery enhancement. These include sonophoresis, iontophoresis, microneedles, and electroporation. Electroporation, which refers to the temporary perturbation of the skin following the application of high voltage electric pulses, has been used to increase transcutaneous flux values by several research groups. In this review, transdermal electroporation is discussed and the use of the technique for percutaneous transport of low and high molecular weight compounds described. This review also examines our current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of electroporation and safety concerns arising from the use of this transdermal drug delivery technique. Safety considerations are especially important because electroporation utilizes high voltage pulses which may have deleterious effects in some cases.
Synthesis of Oligo(ethylene glycol) toward 44-mer (2006)

A synthetic method for oligo(ethylene glycol) toward 44-mer (FW = 1956.35) is described. Reiteration of Williamson's ether synthesis and hydrogenation to remove protecting benzyl group affords desired oligo(ethylene glycol) toward 44-mer in moderate yields. The advantages in this method are use of commercially easily available materials as starting materials and procedures avoiding difficulty in purification of the products as much as possible.
Treatment of psoriasis with trioxsalen baths and dysprosium lamps (1976)

Photochemotherapeutic treatment of psoriasis with trioxsalen baths (0.5 mg/1) for 15 minutes followed by irradiation with dysprosium lamps (Osram HQI-TS) healed or nearly healed the psoriatic lesions in 18 patients within 3-5 weeks. A control area treated with the Ingram method showed a slower healing in 9 of these patients. Methoxsalen bath was not as effective in healing at the concentration used (1 mg/l). The bath method is easy to administer and cosmetically acceptable. Sensitisation to light is maximal immediately after the bath and disappears more quickly than after painting with an alcoholic trioxsalen solution. By using baths, there is less risk of accidental burns or uneven pigmentation than with the often time-consuming local application of psoralen solutions. Toxic systemic effects, which are possible with oral treatment, are less apt to occur. The dysprosium lamps give high intensity in the UV-A region. Exposure times of 10 seconds to 8 minutes are effective in the treatment of psoriasis, where both the UV-B region itself and the UV-A in combination with trioxsalen have psoriasis-healing properties.
Privacy-Aware and Highly-Available OSN Profiles (2010)

The explosive growth of online social networks (OSNs) and their wide popularity suggest the impact of OSNs on today's Internet. At the same time, concentration of vast amount of personal information within a single administrative domain causes critical privacy concerns. As a result, privacy-conscious users feel dis-empowered with today's OSNs. In this paper, we report on an on-going research work and introduce a privacy-aware decentralized OSN called porkut. Our system exploits trust relationships in the social network for decentralized storage of OSN profiles and their content. By taking users' geographical locations and online time statistics into account, it also addresses availability and storage performance issues. We finally advocate indexing of social network content and present an approach for indexing in a privacy-preserving manner.
The Middle Pleistocene Lithic Assemblage from Yarimburgaz Cave, Turkey. (1996)

Excavations in the lower chamber of Yanmburgaz cave, located a short distance west of the city of Istanbul, have yielded a large assemblage of stone artifacts and a fauna dominated by Ursus deningeri. The strata yielding these materials are of probable Middle Pleistocene age. The lithic assemblage consists primarily of steeply retouched and often extensively modified flake tools, along with smaller numbers of unifacial choppers. Neither bifaces nor Levallois technology are represented. A striking aspect of the Yanmburgaz assemblage is the variety of methods used to manufacture flakes and tool blanks. Variation in the technology of flake production is strongly linked to the type of raw material.
Hydrolysis of androgen receptor by cathepsin D: its biological significance in human prostate cancer (1998)

Endogenous CatD can hydrolyse AR, thereby possibly modulating AR function/metabolism in LNCaP cells, and in cancer specimens. CatD activity also appears to differ significantly between normal and malignant tissue. Thus, CatD may play a pivotal role as a growth modulator in androgen-dependent prostate cancer.
Real-Time Drilling Engineering: Hydraulics and T&D Modeling for Predictive Interpretation While Drilling (2012)

Abstract In the early stages of real-time data transmission from the rigsite, real-time monitoring engineers focused on viewing data as it was presented on the rigsite. While this setup was ideal for service quality and event mitigation, it fell short of providing predictions of wellbore condition. As remote real-time monitoring matures in its use of "while drilling" data, remote engineers need to identify issues before they affect drilling operations and are evident to rigsite personnel. Using a combination of data analysis, engineering models, algorithms for data reduction, historic behavior, and experience, a remote monitoring engineer is able to see the data in the context of the drilling environment and to identify developing incidents. However, as data volume increases, remote engineers must focus their analysis on the tools by which they can have the biggest impact and effectiveness. Real-time hydraulics and torque and drag (T&D) analysis are such tools, and by using engineering models, engineers can judge the condition of a wellbore before it impacts operations. Two examples show how effective monitoring of "while drilling" models of hydraulics and T&D identified events, allowing them to be prevented before they were evident on the rigsite and caused nonproductive time.
Control technologies in distributed generation system based on renewable energy (2009)

Greats efforts have been done to distributed renewable energy (RE) power system in latest years. This paper summarizes the research achievements of New Energy Research Center (a research center in Electric Power College, South China University of Technology) in distributed RE power system. The paper is mainly divided into three parts, including wind energy generation, photovoltaic generation and energy management system. Firstly, the wind energy generation control technologies is presented in variable speed constant frequency, maximum wind power capture, power decoupled control, pitch control, low voltage ride through, and grid synchronization. Secondly, the photovoltaic generation control technologies is introduced including photovoltaic maximum power point tracing, configuration and optimization of photovoltaic array and grid-connected converter. Lastly, the energy management system is proposed as the super manage layer to hybrid REs, which including wind speed forecast, integrative evaluate to power quality, power quality analytical instrument and the construction of energy management system based on multi-agent technology.
Artificial Intelligence and Integrated Intelligent Information Systems: Emerging Technologies and Applications (2006)

"This book presents the recent advances in multi-mobile agent systems, the product development process, fuzzy logic systems, neural networks and ambient intelligent environments among many other innovations in this exciting field" - Provided by publisher
Comparison of atmospheric refraction at radar and optical wavelengths (2005)

A study is carried out to classify possible combinations of refractivity conditions for RF and IR over a wide range of meteorological conditions using different micrometeorological bulk models. The calculated refractivity profiles are analyzed for evaporation duct height (EDH), mainly relevant for RF propagation, and for gradients of the modified refractivity at different heights, relevant for both RF and IR propagation. These refractivity gradients are a direct indicator for the occurrence of sub- or super refraction at the height of interest. The present study reveals that under humid and unstable conditions evaporation ducts are found at approximately 3±2 m above cold (5°C) waters and at approximately 8±5 m over warm waters (25°C). Under dry conditions, these duct heights are approximately 9±5 m and 20±10 m, respectively. Duct heights decrease with increasing wind speed. Under humid and near-neutral conditions, duct heights range from 1 to 25 m, and decrease with increasing air temperature and/or wind speed. On the other hand, for dry and near-neutral conditions, and also for neutral conditions, the duct height is not well defined. Values between 1 m and 100 m are found, with an irregular dependence on air temperature and wind speed. Reliable modeling of duct height under these conditions remains questionable due to a lack of vertical mixing in the surface layer. The paper also shows that all four combinations of RF and IR sub- and super-refraction can occur in the atmosphere. The occurrence of a specific combination depends predominantly on temperature and humidity, and to a relatively minor part on wind speed. The magnitude of refraction effects in the two spectral bands is not necessarily coupled but varies with environmental conditions and height. Sub-sub refraction is generally weak and occurs under neutral conditions or at large heights. Super-super refraction occurs under warm and dry conditions and can reach medium strengths. RF-super refraction in combination with IR-sub refraction occurs under strong unstable conditions (e.g., surface temperature higher than air temperature) and can reach medium strengths. RF-sub refraction in combination with IR-super refraction occurs under stable and warm conditions. The magnitude of refraction can be very large, especially at low altitude.
Test blueprint (2011)

Test coverage is about assessing the relevance of unit tests against the tested application. It is widely acknowledged that a software with a "good" test coverage is more robust against unanticipated execution, thus lowering the maintenance cost. However, insuring a coverage of a good quality is challenging, especially since most of the available test coverage tools do not discriminate software components that require a "strong" coverage from the components that require less attention from the unit tests.
Prolactin and infertility. (1978)

Prolactin is a polypetide hormone structurally similar to a growth hormone. It is secreted by lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary gland. The levels rise during pregnancy in response to estrogens formed by the feto-placental unit. Hyperprolactaemia in women causes a characteristic pattern of reproductive disturbance. The most severe form accounts for 15-20% of amennorhoea. Subnormal secretion of estradiol occurs because ovarian follicles do not mature. Symptoms are dyspareunia and dryness during intercourse. Hyperprolactinaemia in men suppresses gonadtropin secretion, and testosterone concentrations may be subnormal. Suppression of prolactin can be achieved by withdrawing drugs which provoke prolactin release, by correcting hypothyroidism and by direct treatment of a prolactin-secreting pituitary tumor. Bromocriptine suppresses prolactin secretion by direct action on the pituitary lactotrophs. It may be possible to avoid procedures such as radiation therapy and surgery in patients with small pituitary tumors who wish to become pregnant, but close cooperation of patients in special units is essential.
A Guide to the Legislative History of the America Invents Act: Part II of II (2012)

This article is the second in a two-part series examining the origins and the legislative commentary on the provisions of the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act. This second article addresses the AIA's enactment of a prior-user right, its repeal of the false-marking qui tam action and the best-mode defense and the 1952 Act's deceptive-intent restrictions, its authorization of supplemental examination and post-grant review of patents and special review of business-method patents, its revisions to inter partes proceedings, its limits on joinder of defendants and on use of evidence relating to advice of counsel, its authorization of virtual marking of patents, and its modification of the deadline for seeking a patent-term extension. The article is organized by the sections of title 35 that are significantly amended by the AIA, and then by the uncodified sections of the AIA.
Encapsulation of contrast imaging agents by polypropyleneimine‐based dendrimers (2012)

Polypropyleneimines (PPIs) functionalized by glycerol-based entities are prepared and characterized by diffusion-ordered spectroscopy NMR. Showing low cytotoxicity against MRC5 fibroblasts, their encapsulation capacities of gadolinium complexes was evaluated. T(1) measurements were performed to determine the relaxivity of the encapsulated gadopentetate dimeglumine (GdBOPTA) in dendrimers of fourth and fifth generation (GD-PPI-4 and GD-PPI-5). Comparison of the GdBOPTA relaxivity and the relaxivity of GdBOPTA-loaded dendrimers showed a slight increase of the gadolinium chelate relaxivity.