gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of the effect of derivatisation of [Ru(BPY)2phen]2+ with a quinoline moiety on the interaction with DNA (2001)

The bifunctional Ru(II) complex [Ru(BPY)2POQ-Nmet]2+ (1), in which the metallic unit is tethered by an aliphatic chain to an organic DNA binder, was designed in order to increase the affinity toward nucleic acids. The interaction of 1 with DNA was characterised from luminescence and absorption data and compared with the binding of its monofunctional metallic and organic analogues, [Ru(BPY)2(ac)phen]2+ (2) and Nmet-quinoline (3). The bifunctional complex has a binding affinity one order of magnitude higher than that of each of its separated moieties. Absorption changes induced upon addition of DNA at different pH indicate protonation of the organic sub-unit upon interaction with DNA under neutral conditions. The combination of the luminescence data under steady-state and time-resolved conditions shows that the attachment of the organic unit in 1 induces modifications of the association modes of the metallic unit, owing to the presence of the aliphatic chain which probably hinders the metallic moiety binding. The salt dependence of the binding constants was analysed in order to compare the thermodynamic parameters describing the association with DNA for each complex. This study demonstrates the interest of the derivatisation of a Ru(II) complex with an organic moiety (ia the bifunctional ligand POQ-Nmet) for the development of high affinity DNA probes or photoreactive agents.
Influence of Relative Humidity on Electrodermal Levels and Responses (2018)

<b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> Electrodermal activity (EDA) is a widely used measure in psychophysiological research, and its use in wearable devices has grown in recent times. It is recommended to have proper conditions for EDA measurement, and skin hydration is one factor that has a significant influence. It is, however, not known to what extent the ambient humidity influences the recording. This study explored the influence of relative humidity (RH) on EDA levels, and also the responses using a new technique for simultaneous recording of all measures of EDA: skin conductance (SC), skin susceptance (SS), and skin potential (SP) at the same skin site. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 10 healthy subjects were exposed to environments of low and high RH while EDA measures were recorded, including cognitive, visual and breathing stimuli for evoking electrodermal responses of different origin. EDA levels and responses were compared between the two humidity levels for all stimuli and all EDA measures. <b><i>Results:</i></b> It was found that EDA levels, in particular for SC and SS, were significantly increased during high humidity exposure, but that the change in EDA responses (SC, SS, and SP) was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> &#x3e; 0.05, paired <i>t</i> test). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This suggests that ambient humidity influences the recording of EDA levels and is important to consider when these parameters are used, but is not important in the recording or analysis of EDA responses.
Urine gamma-synuclein as a biomarker for the diagnosis of bladder cancer (2016)

Gamma-synuclein (SNCG) is secreted from tumor cells and elevated in the urine of bladder cancer (BCa) patients, however, the diagnostic and prognostic values of urine SNCG for BCa remain unknown. Here, we used enzyme immunoassay and western blotting to measure urine SNCG levels. Patients with BCa or other urological diseases and healthy controls were enrolled at four Chinese hospitals from April 2010 to November 2014. Diagnostic performance was evaluated by analyzing the area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs). The AUROC was 0.903 ± 0.019 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.867 - 0.940) for the test and 0.929 ± 0.015 (95% CI, 0.901 - 0.958) for the validation cohort. The optimal cutoff value yielded sensitivities of 68.4%, 62.4% and specificities of 97.4%, 97.8% for the test and validation cohort, respectively. Urine SNCG levels were decreased after tumor resection, but were higher in BCa patients with recurrence than those without (P = 0.001). The urine SNCG levels in patients with urological benign diseases were significantly lower than BCa patients (all P < 0.05) but higher than healthy controls (all P < 0.05). Hematuria did not interfere with the SNCG detection by spiking urine specimens with whole blood. Compared with a nuclear-matrix-protein-22 assay in an additional cohort excluding hematuria, SNCG showed a similar sensitivity and higher specificity. In summary, our results demonstrated that urine SNCG can discriminate BCa from urinary diseases, and is a useful prognosticator of postsurgical recurrence.
Moving horizon closed‐loop production scheduling using dynamic process models (2016)

The economic circumstances that define the operation of chemical processes (e.g., product demand, feedstock and energy prices) are increasingly variable. To maximize profit, changes in production rate and product grade must be scheduled with increased frequency. To do so, process dynamics must be considered in production scheduling calculations, and schedules should be recomputed when updated economic information becomes available. In this article, this need is addressed by introducing a novel moving horizon closed‐loop scheduling approach. Process dynamics are represented explicitly in the scheduling calculation via low‐order models of the closed‐loop dynamics of scheduling‐relevant variables, and a feedback connection is built based on these variables using an observer structure to update model states. The feedback rescheduling mechanism consists of, (a) periodic schedule updates that reflect updated price and demand forecasts, and, (b) event‐driven updates that account for process and market disturbances. The theoretical developments are demonstrated on the model of an industrial‐scale air separation unit. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 63: 639–651, 2017
Adaptive acquisitions in biomedical optical imaging based on single pixel camera: Comparison with compressive sensing (2016)

Single pixel imaging opened the door to a cheaper camera architecture able to operate in a wide spectral range. Such an optical setup has been used with compressed sensing to reconstruct an image via l1-minimization ruling out real time applications. In order to have a direct restoration of the image, we consider an adaptive approach for which we propose a new acquisition strategy. Our method progressively acquires an image in the wavelet domain by predicting the significant coefficients. For this, we base our technique on the non-linear approximation of the wavelet transform taking advantage of the transformation's sparsity. This new strategy is shown to offer high performance on simulated and real data that we compare to compressive sensing acquisitions. One possible application of the single pixel camera can be foreseen in fluorescence images of biological structures.
Optical vibration sensor fabricated by femtosecond laser micromachining (2005)

We fabricated an optical vibration sensor using a high-repetition rate femtosecond laser oscillator. The sensor consists of a single straight waveguide written across a series of three pieces of glass. The central piece is mounted on a suspended beam to make it sensitive to mechanical vibration, acceleration, or external forces. Displacement of the central piece is detected by measuring the change in optical transmission through the waveguide. The resulting sensor is small, simple, and requires no alignment. The sensor has a linear response over the frequency range 20 Hz–2 kHz, can detect accelerations as small as 0.01m∕s2, and is nearly temperature independent.
Observation of prolonged power transients in a reconfigurable multiwavelength network and their suppression by gain-clamping of optical amplifiers (1998)

We observe channel power transients lasting several seconds in a reconfigurable multiwavelength network, which includes cascaded automatic channel power equalizers and fiber amplifiers in 1018- and 1898-km fiber links. Such prolonged power transients occur upon reconfiguration of the network due to coupling between the feedback control loops of the channel power equalizers and their interaction with the delay through the fiber link. Experiments performed under numerous conditions support this hypothesis. In particular, we experimentally demonstrate that gain-clamping of the amplifiers in the network significantly suppresses the power transients.
Application of <i>Z</i>-pinch discharge to additive compression of imploding shock plasmas (1986)

Cylindrical imploding shock waves were produced by detonating cylindrical explosive shells. The Z-pinch discharge was applied to the additive compression of imploding plasmas. Pulsive electric current was supplied through the axis of imploding plasmas at the instant of focusing. An additional rise of temperature of 50–100% was achieved. It might then be concluded that the additive compression of imploding shock plasmas is attained by the application of the Z-pinch discharge.
Thermite Reaction Between CuO Nanowires and Al for the Crystallization of a-Si (2010)

Nanoenergetic materials were synthesized and the thermite reaction between the CuO nanowires and the deposited nano-Al by Joule heating was studied. CuO nanowires were grown by thermal annealing on a glass substrate. To produce nanoenergetic materials, nano-Al was deposited on the top surface of CuO nanowires. The temperature of the first exothermic reaction peak occurred at approximately <TEX>$600^{\circ}C$</TEX>. The released heat energy calculated from the first exothermic reaction peak in differential scanning calorimetry, was approximately 1,178 J/g. The combustion of the nanoenergetic materials resulted in a bright flash of light with an adiabatic frame temperature potentially greater than <TEX>$2,000^{\circ}C$</TEX>. This thermite reaction might be utilized to achieve a highly reliable selective area crystallization of amorphous silicon films.
P-425 Utility of non-contact mapping technique for identification and ablation of non-pulmonary vein foci (2003)

UROPACE 2003
The Tandem Dynamitron (1969)

A two-stage tandem accelerator system, powered by a Dynamitron high voltage generator, is currently undergoing factory tests. The parallel-coupled, cascaded-rectifier generator has been designed for a 5 mA current capability at maximum guaranteed voltage for future high current operation. A large diameter gas stripping canal is used in two-stage operation to optimize beam transmission. Titanium getter-ion pumps are mounted in the terminal at the ends of the stripper assembly to insure acceptable vacuum conditions in the fully shielded acceleration tubes. Guaranteed specifications of this model series are 150 μA of targeted proton current at 10 MeV. The injector has delivered up to 250 μA of H <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> and the generator has operated at 5.7 MV during initial testing. The complete system is now being assembled for beam test. Some novel features of this new tandem are described and operational performance characteristics measured during factory testing are reported.
Full range line-field parallel swept source imaging utilizing digital refocusing (2014)

We present geometric optics-based refocusing applied to a novel off-axis line-field parallel swept source imaging (LPSI) system. LPSI is an imaging modality based on line-field swept source optical coherence tomography, which permits 3-D imaging at acquisition speeds of up to 1 MHz. The digital refocusing algorithm applies a defocus-correcting phase term to the Fourier representation of complex-valued interferometric image data, which is based on the geometrical optics information of the LPSI system. We introduce the off-axis LPSI system configuration, the digital refocusing algorithm and demonstrate the effectiveness of our method for refocusing volumetric images of technical and biological samples. An increase of effective in-focus depth range from 255 μm to 4.7 mm is achieved. The recovery of the full in-focus depth range might be especially valuable for future high-speed and high-resolution diagnostic applications of LPSI in ophthalmology.
A Prototypical Small‐Molecule Modulator Uncouples Mitochondria in Response to Endogenous Hydrogen Peroxide Production (2013)

A high membrane potential across the mitochondrial inner membrane leads to the production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) implicated in aging and age-related diseases. A prototypical drug for the correction of this type of mitochondrial dysfunction is presented. MitoDNP-SUM accumulates in mitochondria in response to the membrane potential due to its mitochondria-targeting alkyltriphenylphosphonium (TPP) cation and is uncaged by endogenous hydrogen peroxide to release the mitochondrial uncoupler, 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP). DNP is known to reduce the high membrane potential responsible for the production of ROS. The approach potentially represents a general method for the delivery of drugs to the mitochondrial matrix through mitochondria targeting and H(2)O(2)-induced uncaging.
A subset coloring algorithm and its applications to computer graphics (1988)

We consider the following problem: we are given a diagram made up of intersecting circles, where each region is colored either black or white. We wish to display this diagram on a bitmap device, where we are allowed to (i) paint a given circle white and (ii) invert the colors within a given circle, changing white to black and vice versa. (These operations are frequently provided in graphics hardware or software.) We ask: using only these paint and invert operations, is it possible to draw the diagram? A generalization of this problem leads to an analogous coloring problem on a subset of the power set of n elements. We give a polynomial-time algorithm that answers the question above, and produces a "short" sequence of instructions to draw the diagram, if one exists. A simple modification of the algorithm permits us to handle the case where there are more colors than just black and white, and the colors are represented by bit strings. This corresponds to the conventions frequently used with color raster devices.
Evaluating polymeric biomaterial–environment interfaces by Langmuir monolayer techniques (2017)

Polymeric biomaterials are of specific relevance in medical and pharmaceutical applications due to their wide range of tailorable properties and functionalities. The knowledge about interactions of biomaterials with their biological environment is of crucial importance for developing highly sophisticated medical devices. To achieve optimal <i>in vivo</i> performance, a description at the molecular level is required to gain better understanding about the surface of synthetic materials for tailoring their properties. This is still challenging and requires the comprehensive characterization of morphological structures, polymer chain arrangements and degradation behaviour. The review discusses selected aspects for evaluating polymeric biomaterial-environment interfaces by Langmuir monolayer methods as powerful techniques for studying interfacial properties, such as morphological and degradation processes. The combination of spectroscopic, microscopic and scattering methods with the Langmuir techniques adapted to polymers can substantially improve the understanding of their <i>in vivo</i> behaviour.
Spur-free dynamic range measurements of a fiber optic link with traveling wave linearized directional coupler modulators (1994)

Two-tone testing was performed on a laboratory fiber optic link with LiNbO/sub 3/ traveling wave linearized directional coupler modulators. The third-order distortion was measured at 500 MHz and 1000 MHz, and the spur-free dynamic range was determined. Two modulator configurations, with either one or two passive bias sections, were tested and the results were compared with measurements of simple directional coupler modulators. A 9.5-11 dB improvement in the dynamic range was found in the links employing the linearized modulators.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
MOBILE DEVICE VISUALIZATION OF CLOUD GENERATED TERRAIN VIEWSHEDS (2014)

Cloud GIS based services, large scale DEM GIS datasets, and onboard mobile device graphic and sensor resources allow creation of a functional terrain viewshed least observed path (LOP) geovisualization mobile application. The LOP application enables a mobile device user to visualize the best path to travel, from their current location to a point visible through their device’s camera, minimizing the possibility of being seen from one or more application identified observer points. The application consumes cloud generated terrain viewsheds, for the identified observer points, combines the viewsheds locally and constructs an augmented reality color scaled geolayer. The application’s dashboard viewer overlays the generated geolayer on the devices live camera feed to provide the LOP view. The LOP view updates as the mobile user’s location changes and traverses observer point viewsheds. The LOP Android application implemented several critical technical decisions. Sensor orchestration algorithms manage GPS, accelerometer, gyroscope and device orientation input to synchronize the LOP geolayer with the live camera feed. Key system elements supporting the application include services and data hosted by a cloud GIS. Utilizing cloud based services significantly reduces computational times to perform viewshed terrain analysis for identified observer points. The cloud also provides large scale storage of DEM datasets providing a geospatially wide operational domain. Field tests of the LOP application utilized SRTM 3 arc-second, ASTER GDEM 1 arc-second, NED 1/3 and 1/9 arc-second, and 1 meter lidar first return. Initial performance results indicate DEM data source resolution has negligible impact on computational processing times on the cloud and mobile platforms but LOP results vary based on DEM data sources in urban landscape The LOP results and user experience can be improved by considering nearest neighbor results when calculating the LOP geolayer.
Action of Lysozyme on Penicillin-Induced Filaments of <i>Proteus vulgaris</i> (1974)

Penicillin-induced filaments of Proteus vulgaris P 18 had a seemingly unaltered cell envelope. Lysozyme, however, reduced the wall part of these filaments into a three-layered structure and caused transformation into spheroplasts. Although cross walls and membrane septa were absent in the filaments, most of the lysozyme-induced spheroplasts remained attached to each other.
Heterosupramolecular Chemistry:  Recognition Initiated and Inhibited Silver Nanocrystal Aggregation by Pseudorotaxane Assembly (2000)

Near size-monodisperse silver nanocrystals stabilized by chemisorption of a mixture of an alkane thiol (85%) and an alkane thiol incorporating a dibenzo-24-crown-8 moiety (15%) have been prepared. Using dynamic light scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance, it is shown that addition of bis-dibenzylammonium dication initiates aggregation of the silver nanocrystal dispersion by pseudorotaxane assembly. It is also shown that addition of excess dibenzylammonium cation or dibenzo-24-crown-8 inhibits further aggregation. This novel demonstration of controlled nanocrystal aggregation points the way toward the programmed assembly of complex nanocrystal architectures in solution.
In<sub>0.53</sub>Ga<sub>0.47</sub>As MOS‐HEMTs on GaAs and Si substrates grown by MOCVD (2012)

Abstract High‐performance In 0.53 Ga 0.47 As metal‐oxide‐semiconductor high‐electron‐mobility‐transistors (MOS‐HEMTs) on GaAs substrates grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) are demonstrated. A low‐temperature process has been developed to achieve low contact resistances while maintaining the quality of the dielectric/III–V interface. Atomic‐layer‐deposited Al 2 O 3 was used as the gate dielectric on top of a δ‐doped In 0.51 Al 0.49 As/In 0.53 Ga 0.47 As metamorphic heterostructure. A 1‐µm gate‐length device exhibits a maximum drain current of 646 mA/mm and an extrinsic peak transconductance of 575 mS/mm, respectable values for III–V metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (MOSFETs) on GaAs substrates. In addition, preliminary results of In 0.53 Ga 0.47 As MOS‐HEMTs on Si substrates, also grown by MOCVD, are presented for comparison.
Survival of Patients with Disseminated Midgut Carcinoid Tumors after Aggressive Tumor Reduction (1996)

Sixty-four consecutive patients with disseminated midgut carcinoids were treated during an 8-year period according to a single clinical protocol aimed at aggressive tumor reduction by surgery alone or with subsequent hepatic artery embolization. All patients had markedly elevated urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels (581 +/- 79 micromol/24 h) and hormonal symptoms. Fourteen patients (22%) reached anatomic and biochemical cure by surgery alone. At follow-up, the mean 5-HIAA levels were still normal after 69.0 +/- 6. 2 months; two patients had died from unrelated causes. With the introduction of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, subclinical disease was diagnosed in 7 of these 14 patients. Forty patients with bilobar hepatic disease underwent embolization in combination with octreotide. In this group, 5-HIAA levels were still reduced by 55% after 71 +/- 11 months of follow-up, and the 5-year survival was 56%, estimated from the total death hazard function. After embolization, two subgroups could be identified with marked differences in their long-term response to treatment. Ten patients were not embolized owing to complicating diseases. The 5-year survival for the entire series was 58%. A significantly increased risk of cardiovascular deaths was seen, which underlines the importance of total survival analysis in a disease with multiple hormonal effects. It is concluded that an active surgical approach must be recommended to patients with the midgut carcinoid syndrome. In patients with bilobar hepatic disease, embolization combined with octreotide treatment markedly reduced the 5-HIAA excretion and suggested a prolonged 5-year survival.