gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity in hepatitis C virus in Egypt and possible association with hepatocellular carcinoma (2007)

Egypt has one of the world's highest prevalences of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with a majority of genotype 4 infections. To explore the genetic diversity of HCV in Egypt, sera from 131 Egyptians [56 from community studies, 37 chronic hepatitis patients, 28 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and 10 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma] were genotyped by restriction fragment-length polymorphism and phylogenetic analyses of sequences from the mid-core and non-structural 5B regions. The different genotyping methods showed good agreement. The majority of the viruses (83 of 131; 63%) were of subtype 4a, but five other subtypes within genotype 4 were also observed, as well as three genotype 1b, five genotype 1g and one genotype 3a samples. Interestingly, subtype 4o, which was easily identifiable in all three genomic regions, showed an association with HCC (P=0.017), which merits further investigation.
Mismatch and parasitics limits in capacitors-based SAR ADCs (2016)

The effect of mismatch and parasitics in SAR architectures is analysed. Analytical study and simulations results show that there is a trade-off among resolution, silicon area, and power consumption for different architectures and technologies.
Nucleation and growth of elongated Si islands on Si(100) (1992)

We consider the nucleation and growth of Si islands on Si(100). Recent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) observations find that small islands formed at ≊200 °C or above are greatly elongated, with aspect ratios of ≊10–20. On annealing, the islands grow and become less anisotropic, with aspect ratios ≊2–3. We show that this interesting behavior can be explained by very general thermal equilibrium effects occuring at or near a phase transition. Our theory reconciles the STM observations with other independent research on this system: molecular-beam epitaxy results, other experimental observations, and recent theoretical calculations, based on elasticity theory, that predict a phase transition for the equilibrium Si(100) surface at ≊200 °C.
Membranas assimetricas de acetato de celulose para osmossedimentação e ultrafiltração (1983)

Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal a obtencao de membranas com caracteristicas adequadas para osmossedimentacao de proteinas e outros solutos macromoleculares. Foi investigada a influencia de diversos parâmetros na preparacao das membranas: tempo de evaporacao do solvente, espessura total do filme, concentracao do acetato de celulose e composicao da mistura solvente. As membranas obtidas foram caracterizadas quanto a fluxo e retencao em ensaios de ultrafiltracao e a sua estrutura foi observada em microscopios optico e eletronico. O ajuste dos diversos parâmetros relevantes na preparacao possibilitou a obtencao de membranas adequadas a retencao de solutos de diferentes pesos moleculares, que puderam ser utilizadas de maneira satisfatoria em experimentos de osmossedimentacao de dextrana azul e gamaglobulina.

Abstract
S0305-1-4 Fabrication and Evaluation of Micro IT-SOFC Using Proton Conducting Electrolytes (2009)

This paper describes a novel fabrication and evaluation of micro intermediate temperature operating solid oxide fuel cells (micro T-SOFC) using proton conducting electrolytes. The micro IT-SOFC has 15mol% Y doped BaZrO_3 (BZY15) electrolyte thin film which is fabricated by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and Pt-Pd (8:2) electrodes. The micro IT-SOFC single cell was successfully fabricated by micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) process. The area specific resistance (ASR) of the micro IT-SOFC was over jΩcm^2 which is target value of common SOFC. However, the micro IT-SOFC using proton conductor will fill required performance because it is thought that the electrode reaction resistance can be improved by using appropriate electrode materials.
Familial aggregation and antimicrobial response dose-dependently affect the risk for Crohnʼs disease (2009)

We found an additive risk increment for CD in subjects from multicase families per additional affected relative and per additional positive antibody, independent of NOD2. Furthermore, a very high disease incidence was observed in these multiple-affected families.
Predicting Probabilities of Pregnancy and Multiple Gestation From In Vitro Fertilization—A New Model (1998)

P1 increases with increasing total embryo score but decreases with increasing age. P2/P1 increases with increasing total embryo score but does not depend on age. Embryo scoring is useful because the total embryo score is a better predictor of P1 and P2/P1 than the number of embryos alone. By using patient-specific information (age and total embryo score) and cycle-specific tables, an estimate of the probability of pregnancy and multiple gestation can be provided before embryo transfer.
Unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation in adult patients (2003)

Since January 1996, we have administered myeloablative therapy followed by infusion of unrelated umbilical cord blood cells in 57 adult patients with high-risk disease. The median age was 31 years (range, 18-58 years), and the median weight was 70 kg (range, 46-110 kg). Two patients were treated for genetic disorders and 55 for advanced hematologic malignancies. The preparative regimens were total body irradiation or busulfan based, both with antithymocyte globulin. HLA matching between donor and recipient was 3 of 6 in 3 patients, 4 of 6 in 44 patients, 5 of 6 in 8 patients, and 6 of 6 in 2 patients. The median nucleated cell dose was 1.50 x 10(7)/kg (range, 0.54-2.78 x 10(7)/kg), and the median CD34(+) cell dose was 1.37 x 10(5)/kg (range, 0.02-12.45 x 10(5)/kg). All patients received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after transplantation until neutrophil recovery. Graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporine and steroids. The median number of days to an absolute neutrophil count of 500/microL was 26 (range, 12-55 days). The median time to an untransfused platelet count of >20000/microL was 84 days (range, 35-167 days). Seventeen patients developed grade II to IV acute GVHD. The median survival of the entire group was 91 days (range, 10-2251 days). Eleven patients were alive at a median follow-up of 1670 days (range, 67-2251 days), 1 with autologous recovery and 1 with relapsed lymphoma. The actuarial projected 3-year survival is 19%. Infection was the primary cause of death. These results suggest that unrelated umbilical cord blood transplantation is a viable option for adult patients and should be explored in patients with earlier-stage disease.
Diagnosis and management of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [digest]. (2017)

Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a clinical diagnosis that is based on changes in dyspnea, cough, and/or sputum production in a COPD patient; however, patients presenting with an acute exacerbation may be undiagnosed or have a variety of comorbid conditions that can complicate diagnosis. This issue presents strategies and algorithms for the early use of evidence-based interventions, including appropriate use of antibiotics, bronchodilators, and corticosteroids, along with noninvasive ventilation with capnography, to minimize morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. [Points & Pearls is a digest of Emergency Medicine Practice.].
Effects of Leaf Ascorbate Content on Defense and Photosynthesis Gene Expression in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> (2003)

Ascorbate deficiency in the Arabidopsis thaliana vtc1 mutant had no effect on photosynthesis, but modified defense pathways. The ascorbate content of vtc1 leaves was increased 14-fold after 10 mM ascorbate was supplied, without a concomitant change in redox state. High ascorbate modified the abundance of 495 transcripts. Transcripts encoding dehydroascorbate reductase, pathogenesis-related protein 1, and a peroxiredoxin were decreased, whereas those encoding salicylate induction-deficient protein 1, Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase, iron superoxide dismutase, metallothionein, and glutathione transferases were increased. Catalase transcripts were unaffected, but ascorbate peroxidase isoforms APX1 and tAPX were slightly decreased and sAPX transcripts increased. A number of nuclear encoded transcripts for photosynthetic electron transport components were repressed as a result of ascorbate accumulation, whereas those that were chloroplast-encoded were increased. High ascorbate caused decreases in mRNAs encoding chloroplast enzymes such as fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase that are activated by reduced thioredoxin. In contrast, others, such as glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, whose activity is inactivated by reduced thioredoxin, were repressed. Together, these results show that ascorbate is involved in metabolic cross-talk between redox-regulated pathways. The abundance of this antioxidant provides information on redox buffering capacity that coordinates redox processes associated with the regulation of photosynthesis and plant defense.
Impacts of antenna layout enhanced charging damage on MOSFET reliability and performance (2002)

The effects of antenna configuration, the electrically floating antenna and the electrically connected antenna to the substrate during plasma processing, on the charging damage of MOSFETs have been studied. The floating antenna adjacent to the gate antenna increases the degradation of both Q/sub bd/ and V/sub th/. The adjacent diode antenna significantly increases the degradation of Q/sub bd/ without increasing that of V/sub th/. The diode antenna induced damage is enhanced with an increase of electrons injected from the gate antenna to the gate oxide in the bi-directional charging during plasma processing. This phenomenon is explained by a local decrease of the antenna surface charging.
Building a 3D world model with a mobile robot: 3D line segment representation and integration (2002)

A system whereby a mobile robot in an unknown environment can incrementally build a world model is described. The model discussed is segment-based. A trinocular system is used to build a local map of the environment. A global map is obtained by integrating a sequence of stereo frames taken while the robot navigates in the environment. Emphasis is on the representation of the uncertainty of 3D segments from stereo and on the integration of segments from multiple views. The representation is simple and very convenient for characterizing the uncertainty of segments. A Kalman filter is used to merge matched line segments. An important characteristic of the integration strategy is that a segment observed by the stereo system corresponds only to one part of the segment in space, so that the union of different observations gives a better estimate on the segment in space. The integration of 35 stereo frames taken in a robot room is described.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Transcriptional Analysis of<i>p30</i>Major Outer Membrane Multigene Family of<i>Ehrlichia</i><i>canis</i>in Dogs, Ticks, and Cell Culture at Different Temperatures (2001)

Ehrlichia canis, an obligatory intracellular bacterium of monocytes and macrophages, causes canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. E. canis immunodominant 30-kDa major outer membrane proteins are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family consisting of more than 20 paralogs. In the present study, we analyzed the mRNA expression of 14 paralogs in experimentally infected dogs and Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks by reverse transcription-PCR using gene-specific primers followed by Southern blotting. Eleven out of 14 paralogs in E. canis were transcribed in increasing numbers and transcription levels, while the mRNA expression of the 3 remaining paralogs was not detected in blood monocytes of infected dogs during the 56-day postinoculation period. Three different groups of R. sanguineus ticks (adult males and females and nymphs) were separately infected with E. canis by feeding on the infected dogs. In these pools of acquisition-fed ticks as well as in the transmission-fed adult ticks, the transcript from only one paralog was detected, suggesting the predominant transcription of that paralog or the suppression of the remaining paralogs in ticks. Expression of the same paralog was higher whereas expression of the remaining paralogs was lower in E. canis cultivated in dog monocyte cell line DH82 at 25 degrees C than in E. canis cultivated at 37 degrees C. Analysis of differential expression of p30 multigenes in dogs, ticks, or monocyte cell cultures would help in understanding the role of these gene products in pathogenesis and E. canis transmission as well as in designing a rational vaccine candidate immunogenic against canine ehrlichiosis.
Impact of uncoupling glucose stimulus from secretion on B-cell release and biosynthesis (1992)

We studied the impact of a defined degree of long-term hyperglycemia with or without blockade of attendant insulin release on subsequent B-cell secretory responsiveness and biosynthesis. Nondiabetic rats were infused for 48 h with glucose to produce marked hyperglycemia (21.3 +/- 0.5 mmol/l). Comparable levels of hyperglycemia were upheld when additions were made to this protocol. Hyperglycemia increased plasma insulin 12-fold but depressed glucose (27 mmol/l)-induced insulin secretion in vitro (isolated islets) by 67% compared with saline-infused rats. Addition of diazoxide infusion during hyperglycemia completely inhibited the hyperglycemia-induced rise in plasma insulin but enhanced glucose-induced insulin release in vitro eightfold compared with islets from rats infused with glucose alone. Addition of insulin (2 U/day) to the diazoxide plus hyperglycemia protocol inhibited the secretory response to glucose in vitro by 46% (P less than 0.05). Proinsulin biosynthesis was enhanced by 67% in islets from rats infused with glucose alone; this effect was paralleled by a similar increase in preproinsulin mRNA. Diazoxide in vivo did not affect these stimulatory effects of hyperglycemia on insulin biosynthesis; however, insulin infusion in vivo abolished the hyperglycemia-induced increase in proinsulin biosynthesis. We conclude that impairment by hyperglycemia of glucose-induced insulin secretion occurs concomitant with stimulation of biosynthesis. Uncoupling of glucose stimulus from secretion crucially affects subsequent secretory responsiveness but not biosynthesis. Insulin biosynthesis is depressed by direct or indirect effects of circulating insulin.
Dynamically Interchangeable Nanoparticle Superlattices Through the Use of Nucleic Acid-Based Allosteric Effectors (2013)

DNA is a powerful tool for programmably assembling colloidal crystals, and has been used to generate nanoparticle superlattices with synthetically adjustable lattice parameters and crystal symmetries. However, the majority of these superlattice structures remain static once constructed, and factors such as interparticle distance cannot be controlled in a facile and rapid manner. Incorporation of these materials into functional devices would be greatly benefitted by the ability to change various aspects of the crystal assembly after the lattice has been synthesized. Herein, we present a reversible, rapid, and stoichiometric on-the-fly manipulation of nanoparticle superlattices with allosteric effectors based upon DNA. This approach is applicable to multiple different crystal symmetries, including FCC, BCC, CsCl, and AlB2.
Data-Driven Subclassification of Speech Sound Disorders in Preschool Children (2014)

Characteristics of children in the larger subgroup were consistent with the proportionally large SDCS class termed speech delay; characteristics of children in the smaller subgroup were consistent with the SDCS subtype termed motor speech disorder-not otherwise specified. The authors identified candidate measures to identify children in each of these groups.
[ <sup>18</sup> F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography in Response Evaluation of Oncolytic Adenovirus Treatments of Patients with Advanced Cancer (2013)

Computed tomography (CT) is the most commonly used radiological response evaluation method in contemporary oncology. However, it may not be optimally suitable for assessment of oncolytic virus treatments because of paradoxical inflammatory tumor swellings, which result from virus treatments, particularly when viruses are armed with immunostimulatory molecules. Here we investigated the prognostic utility of CT and [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in oncolytic virus treatments. We also investigated possible appearance of false-positive FDG signals in FDG-PET imaging of humans and hamsters treated with oncolytic adenoviruses. First, immunocompetent Syrian hamsters were treated with intratumoral adenovirus injections, tumor growth was followed up, and [(18)F]-FDG-uptake was quantitated with small animal PET/CT. Second, we describe a retrospective patient series, essentially 17 individual case reports, of advanced cancer patients treated with oncolytic adenoviruses in the context of an Advanced Therapy Access Program (ATAP) who underwent radiological response evaluation with both contrast-enhanced CT and FDG-PET. Third, we collected a retrospective case series of radiological response and survival data of 182 patients treated with oncolytic adenoviruses in ATAP to evaluate the prognostic reliability of CT and FDG-PET. Overall, responses in CT and FDG-PET correlated well with each other and were equally reliable as prognostic markers for long survival after oncolytic adenovirus treatment. Interestingly, we observed that new FDG-avid lymph nodes appearing in FDG-PET after virus treatments may represent inflammatory responses and therefore should not be interpreted as treatment failure in the absence of other signs or verification of disease progression. We also observed indications that FDG-PET might be more sensitive in detection of responses than tumor size.
Comparison of antibacterial activity of simplified adhesive systems. (2002)

The size of inhibition zones produced by adhesives varied among the brands. None of the available commercial adhesives showed significant inhibition against all three of the bacterial species tested. Light-irradiation reduced the size of inhibition zones for a few materials, but a similar trend to the effectiveness of non-irradiated specimens was observed. The antibacterial activity of commercial products determined in terms of MIC/MBC values were different from the results by disc-diffusion tests. The self-etching adhesives with low pH were not necessarily more effective than priming/bonding solutions, and no significant relationships between the acidity and antibacterial effects were found. Compared with commercial products, an experimental primer containing chlorhexidine produced significantly larger inhibition zones against all species (P < 0.05) and exhibited greater bacteriostatic/bactericidal activity, demonstrating lower MIC/MBC values.
A Double-Blind, Comparative Study of Nonanimal-Stabilized Hyaluronic Acid versus Human Collagen for Tissue Augmentation of the Dorsal Hands (2008)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cosmetic surgery to counteract the aging process is an evolving field. Most procedures have concentrated on the face; however, the hands are an often-neglected area. Current methods of hand rejuvenation include autologous fat injection, sclerotherapy, intense pulsed light, chemical peel, and microdermabrasion. Only autologous fat injection restores dermal thinning. We compare the use of hyaluronic acid (Restylane, Medicis Aesthetics Inc.) versus collagen (Cosmoplast, INAMED Aesthetics) for soft tissue augmentation of the dorsal hands. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten female patients who demonstrated dermal thinning of the dorsal hands were randomized to receive 1.4 mL of hyaluronic acid or 2.0 cm3 collagen to alternate interphalangeal spaces of dorsal hands. Patients returned at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months for digital photography and completion of a patient/physician questionnaire. RESULTS Hands were scored by two separate blinded physicians on scales of 1 to 5 for clearance of veins. Patients scored both tolerability and satisfaction on a scale of 1 to 5. Analysis showed a mean difference of 0.95 (0.004), median difference of 0.9 (0.008) for clearance, and a mean difference of 0.90 (0.010) with a median difference of 1.0 (0.031). The satisfaction difference was not significant with a mean difference of 0.80 (0.070) and median difference of 1.0 (0.117). CONCLUSION Aging of the hands is a common problem that is often overlooked. The use of soft tissue fillers is a viable tool in hand rejuvenation. In this study hyaluronic acid proved to be superior in efficacy to collagen.
Ag<sub>3</sub>SnCuP<sub>10</sub>: [Ag<sub>3</sub>Sn] Tetrahedra Embedded Between Adamantane‐Type [P<sub>10</sub>] Cages. (2006)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Relevancy of a computer controlled in-vitro model of cardiac mechanics in physiological circumstances (2003)

To obtain relevant physiological information the physical models of the heart acting as a pump should be adapted to the time-independent diastolic and systolic pressure-volume relation that governs the in vivo cardiac pumping function. The authors describe a pressure-controlled in vitro model of the human left heart that can be extended to a pressure-volume-controlled model. The hydraulic part of the in vitro model, driven by pressurized air, and the electronic part of this model are described. A case study is presented using the pressure-controlled model. The case study indicates a wide range of possible applications of the model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Insula of Reil Revisited: Multiarchitectonic Organization in Macaque Monkeys (2011)

The insula of Reil represents a large cortical territory buried in the depth of the lateral sulcus and subdivided into 3 major cytoarchitectonic domains: agranular, dysgranular, and granular. The present study aimed at reinvestigating the architectonic organization of the monkey's insula using multiple immunohistochemical stainings (parvalbumin, PV; nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein, with SMI-32; acetylcholinesterase, AChE) in addition to Nissl and myelin. According to changes in density and laminar distributions of the neurochemical markers, several zones were defined and related to 8 cytoarchitectonic subdivisions (Ia1-Ia2/Id1-Id3/Ig1-Ig2/G). Comparison of the different patterns of staining on unfolded maps of the insula revealed: 1) parallel ventral to dorsal gradients of increasing myelin, PV- and AChE-containing fibers in middle layers, and of SMI-32 pyramidal neurons in supragranular layers, with merging of dorsal and ventral high-density bands in posterior insula, 2) definition of an insula "proper" restricted to two-thirds of the "morphological" insula (as bounded by the limiting sulcus) and characterized most notably by lower PV, and 3) the insula proper is bordered along its dorsal, posterodorsal, and posteroventral margin by a strip of cortex extending beyond the limits of the morphological insula and continuous architectonically with frontoparietal and temporal opercular areas related to gustatory, somatosensory, and auditory modalities.