gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pressure-Flow Relationships in Collapsible Tubes (1969)

The pressure-flow characteristic of a short collapsible tube held open at its ends and inserted between two constrictions was investigated as a function of flow for different external pressures and downstream constrictions. Taking the upstream and downstream pressure and the flow through the tube as coordinates, a surface can be determined from which the results of any steady flow investigation at constant external pressure can be calculated. The surface has three regions corresponding to the open, partially collapsed, and almost completely collapsed tube. Steady flow through the tube was a multiple-valued function of the pressure drop across it. A collapsible tube is thus a flow-controlled nonlinear resistance, (QNLR) whose shape depends on external pressure and downstream circuit. The magnitude of the negative dynamic resistance (slope of the pressure drop-flow curve at the operating point) of the QNLR was approximately equal to the dynamic resistance of the downstream circuit. Negative dynamic resistance appeared when the tube collapsed at a critical transmural pressure independent of flow. The tube oscillated and amplified when the dynamic resistance was negative, but would not switch. An equivalent circuit for the tube was proposed with a variable compliance in shunt across a QNLR and variable inertance in series. Van der Polls equation qualitatively described oscillations in the tube. The collapsible tube model should apply to fluid conductors whose lumen significantly varies, for example, veins, coronary arteries, muscle pumps, and cardiac assist devices.
A multiplex liquid-chip assay based on Luminex xMAP technology for simultaneous detection of six common respiratory viruses (2017)

We utilized one-step multiplex reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and Luminex xMAP technology to develop a respiratory multiplex liquid-chip assay (rMLA) for simultaneous detection of 6 common respiratory viruses, including influenza virus type A (FluA) and type B (FluB), para-influenza virus type 3 (PIV-3), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (MPV) and a threatening virus to China, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Performance of rMLA was evaluated by comparing with real-time RT-PCR. Detection data from clinical specimens showed that the rMLA had diagnostic sensitivities of 97.10% for FluA, 94.59% for FluB, 98.68% for PIV-3, 94.87% for RSV and 95.92% for MPV (No Data for MERS-CoV due to the lack of positive specimens). Data of analytical sensitivities showed that the detection limits of the rMLA assay were 5-25 viral RNA copies per μl for FluA, FluB, PIV-3 and MERS-CoV, approximate to the real-time RT-PCR assay; while the values were 8 and 22copies/μl for MPV and RSV, lower than the real-time RT-PCR(78 and 114 copies/μl respectively). The results indicated that the rMLA is a sensitive, specific detection tool and comparable to real-time RT-PCR, especially suitable for high-throughput detection of respiratory specimens.
Coinware for Multilingual Passphrase Generation and Its Application for Chinese Language Password (2006)

Civilian cryptosystem applies Kerckhoff's law to have security dependency 100% on the password secrecy. This reflects the fact that key length and key space are very important to ensure enough entropy or randomness for securing a cryptosystem. For stronger password, passphrase is suggested. Currently, there are three methods to generate passphrase: acronym, full sentence and diceware. Here, we propose an alternate method to diceware: Coinware, by using the coin. Coinware uses four coins to generate one hexadecimal digit. The created word lists will be in hexadecimal order and can be applied for multilingual passphrase generation. Its exemplary application for Chinese language password is shown. Readily-made Chinese character word list in the CJK unified ideographs of the Unicode enables fast hexadecimal reading for random passphrase generation. Hanyu Pinyin and Sijiao Haoma are used for Chinese character romanization to uniquely represent each Han character. Jyutping is then used for Cantonese language
The Heliogyro - an Interplanetary Flying Machine (1967)

A design concept is developed for a type of solar sail vehicle that employs long I narrmv blades made from thin films and that operates in the manner of a helicopter rotor.The blades are unrolled from spools during deployment.'!.
Evaluation of the OSOM <i>Trichomonas</i> Rapid Test versus Wet Preparation Examination for Detection of <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i> Vaginitis in Specimens from Women with a Low Prevalence of Infection (2008)

The OSOM Trichomonas rapid test (OSOM Trich) was compared to the wet preparation examination (WP) for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis vaginitis in women with a low prevalence of infection. A total of 19/1,009 (2%) women had T. vaginalis infection. OSOM Trich had very good performance, with sensitivity, specificity, efficiency, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 94.7, 100, 99.9, 100, and 99.9%, respectively. The implementation of OSOM Trich would decrease labor costs.
Cross Relaxation in Ruby (1960)

A pulsed microwave method has been used to study paramagnetic relaxation in synthetic ruby at Cr/Al concentrations from 0.02% to 0.3%, and over a wide range of fields and angles with respect to the crystal axis. The experimental frequency was 7.17 kMc/sec. At settings for which one interval between energy levels was twice as large as another, decay traces with two characteristic periods were observed. The more rapid decay was independent of temperature, and is attributed to a cross-relaxation process involving three spins. Similar behavior became apparent at all concentrations whenever two intervals approached the same value. At 0.3%, two period decay traces were observed for any arbitrary field and angle setting, indicating at this concentration, a general cross relaxation between the Zeeman levels in times of 0.3 millisecond and less.
Grazing intensity of cattle on a complex of rangeland communities in Central Australia. (1980)

Distribution of cattle grazing the rangeland communities of Kunoth Paddock in central Australia was determined from aerial surveys at fortnightly intervals over a 4.5 year period. Mean density throughout the study was 3.5 cattle/km2 and varied between communities from 8.0 cattle/km2 to 0.4 cattle/km2 on the major communities and from 25.6 cattle/km2 to 3.2 cattle/km2 on the minor communities. Cow-days of use were calculated for seasonal intervals to show grazing intensity on the communities over ti~ne. Grazing concentrations throughout the study revealed three groups of utilization levels of the major communities. Foothill fans, Woodlands, Floodplains and Gilgaied plains received about twice the mean grazing intensity for the paddock. Mulga-annual grass received about average grazing intensity and Hills and Mulga-perennial grass received less than half the average grazing intensity. Our sti~dy shows that cattle graze range communities differentially in a free-ranging situation. This information is useful in interpreting results of range condition and trend studies, and also suggests that more uniform utilization of all the communities might be obtained by controlhng grazing distribution.
Artificial electronic tongue in comparison to the electronic nose. State of the art and trends (2002)

Many researchers aim for the development of sensors or sensor systems which are similar or comparable to the human sensory system. Of all the human sensory systems, olfaction is the least understood in terms of the primary receptor mechanism and biological transduction. It is difficult to describe a set of reference odours that describe the olfactory input. A high degree of signal processing takes place in the olfactory system so that compounds of similar chemical structure can give completely different olfactory responses. That is the reason why the understanding of the olfactory system is relatively poor. The situation is comparable in the case of gustation. Nevertheless, there are many practical applications that require a quantitative or qualitative objective recording of odours or taste. In the following the development in the field of electronic tongue is described. It is a relatively new field. The state-of-the-art in understanding of electronic noses and tongues is discussed. They are illustrated describing their working principles, the types of sensors, circuit architectures and features. The applied sensor types are considered more in detail. Future perspectives of electronic tongue systems and their applications are illustrated. Problems which had to be solved yet are discussed.
Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of high-quality CdSe quantum dot in liquid paraffin (2011)

High-quality cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots (QDs) were synthesised in liquid paraffin with a mixture of octadecylamine and trioctylphosphine oxide as stabilising ligands. The synthesised CdSe QDs were characterised by ultraviolet–visible absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction techniques. Compared with CdSe QDs synthesised in liquid paraffin stabilising with only oleic acid, CdSe QDs synthesised by this new route possess higher quantum yields, more symmetric and narrower emission spectra. The new route enables us to achieve high-quality CdSe QDs in less expensive solvent, liquid paraffin.
A critical analysis of continuum electrostatics: The screened Coulomb potential–implicit solvent model and the study of the alanine dipeptide and discrimination of misfolded structures of proteins (2002)

An analysis of the screened Coulomb potential--implicit solvent model (SCP--ISM) is presented showing that general equations for both the electrostatic and solvation free energy can be derived in a continuum approach, using statistical averaging of the polarization field created by the solvent around the molecule. The derivation clearly shows how the concept of boundary, usually found in macroscopic approaches, is eliminated when the continuum model is obtained from a microscopic treatment using appropriate averaging techniques. The model is used to study the alanine dipeptide in aqueous solution, as well as the discrimination of native protein structures from misfolded conformations. For the alanine dipeptide the free energy surface in the phi--psi space is calculated and compared with recently reported results of a detailed molecular dynamics simulation using an explicit representation of the solvent, and with other available data. The study showed that the results obtained using the SCP--ISM are comparable to those of the explicit water calculation and compares favorably to the FDPB approach. Both transition states and energy minima show a high correlation (r > 0.98) with the results obtained in the explicit water analysis. The study of the misfolded structures of proteins comprised the analysis of three standard decoy sets, namely, the EMBL, Park and Levitt, and Baker's CASP3 sets. In all cases the SCP--ISM discriminated well the native structures of the proteins, and the best-predicted structures were always near-native (cRMSD approximately 2 A).
Federal Criminal Law (1997)

Low and Hoffman's casebook provides detailed information federal criminal law. The casebook provides the tools for fast, easy, on-point research. Part of the University Casebook Series; , it includes selected cases designed to illustrate the development of a body of law on a particular subject. Text and explanatory materials designed for law study accompany the cases.
The MicroRNA 15a/16–1 Cluster Down-regulates Protein Repair Isoaspartyl Methyltransferase in Hepatoma Cells (2011)

Asparaginyl deamidation, a spontaneous protein post-biosynthetic modification, determines isoaspartyl formation and structure-function impairment. The isoaspartyl protein carboxyl-O-methyltransferase (PCMT1; EC 2.1.1.77) catalyzes the repair of the isopeptide bonds at isoaspartyl sites, preventing deamidation-related functional impairment. Protein deamidation affects key apoptosis mediators, such as BclxL, thus increasing susceptibility to apoptosis, whereas PCMT1 activity may effectively counteract such alterations. The aim of this work was to establish the role of RNAi as a potential mechanism for regulating PCMT1 expression and its possible implications in apoptosis. We investigated the regulatory properties of the microRNA 15a/16-1 cluster on PCMT1 expression on HepG2 cells. MicroRNA 15a or microRNA 16-1 transfection, as well as their relevant antagonists, showed that PCMT1 is effectively regulated by this microRNA cluster. The direct interaction of these two microRNAs with the seed sequence at the 3' UTR of PCMT1 transcripts was demonstrated by the luciferase assay system. The role of PCMT1 down-regulation in conditioning the susceptibility to apoptosis was investigated using various specific siRNA or shRNA approaches, to prevent non-PCMT1-specific pleiotropic effects to take place. We found that PCMT1 silencing is associated with an increase of the BclxL isoform reported to be inactivated by deamidation, thus making cells more susceptible to apoptosis induced by cisplatinum. We conclude that PCMT1 is effectively regulated by the microRNA 15a/16-1 cluster and is involved in apoptosis by preserving the structural stability and biological function of BclxL from deamidation. Control of PCMT1 expression by microRNA 15a/16-1 may thus represent a late checkpoint in apoptosis regulation.
Optimization Methods for the Unit Commitment Problem in Electric Power Systems (2014)

This thesis addresses the Unit Commitment (UC) problem, which is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem arising in operation planning of power systems. In the UC problem, one wishes to schedule a subset of a given set of generation units and also to determine their production output in order to meet energy demands at minimum cost over a given time horizon. In addition, the solution must satisfy a set of technological and demand constraints. This problem is typically formulated as a nonlinear mixed-integer programming problem and has been solved in the literature by a huge variety of optimizations methods, ranging from exact methods (such as dynamic programming, branch-and-bound) to heuristic methods (genetic algorithms, simulated annealing, particle swarm). The work reported here can be divided into three parts: First, a Hybrid Biased Random Key Genetic Algorithm (HBRKGA) is proposed to address the traditional UC problem. The main motivation for choosing a HBRKGA is its reported good performance on many combinatorial optimization problems. In the HBRKGA, solutions are encoded by using random keys, which are represented as vectors of real numbers in the interval [0,1]. The algorithm proposed is a variant of the random key genetic algorithm, since bias is introduced in the parent selection procedure, as well as in the crossover strategy. Computational experiments were carried out on benchmark large-scale power systems with up to 100 units for a 24−hour period. The results obtained have shown the proposed methodology to be an effective and
The pitching edge (1993)

Nolan Ryan, Randy Johnson, Kevin Brown, and on and on. Tom House helped develop these athletes into the great pitchers they became-Hall of Famers and Cy Young award winners. Having spent 20 years in the Major Leagues as a pitcher and pitching coach, and more than that studying the science of pitching, House was well-prepared to unleash the maximum potential from his star pitcher pupils. Now, in the new edition of his highly acclaimed Pitching Edge, House accomplishes through a book what he has been doing directly for decades with pitching prodigies.To House, pitchers are products of four things-their genes, their degree of mastery of the pitching motion, their level of physical conditioning, and their mental toughness and skills. The first factor cannot be changed; the other three can, and they form the three parts of Pitching Edge. Part I is the best, clearest, and most complete information on pitching mechanics ever presented in a book. Each phase of the pitching motion, from initial set up through the post-follow-through is explained in detail and demonstrated through computer-generated stick figures and accompanying full-body line drawings. Here, and throughout the book, the author offers special trouble-shooting advice for pitching problems in an element called House Calls. Physical conditioning specifically for pitchers is covered in Part II. Far beyond the standard training advice, this section of the book provides clear exercise and program prescriptions for taking care of the throwing arm, preparing between starts and relief appearances, and maintaining all off-season fitness gains throughout the long competitive season. Finally, in Part III House looks at the psychology of pitching. More than the standard goal setting and mental imagery mumbo-jumbo, this section mixes what House has found to be most effective in mental and emotional management on and off the playing field. Always focused on the practical, this part of the book includes many valuable lessons and tips for making winning strategic pitching decisions throughout the course of a game and season. As a bonus feature, House includes his new Athletic Determination Inventory, which measures pitchers' motivational drive and mental makeup. In all, House has masterfully combined the art and science of pitching into a very useful guide for players and coaches. This book truly is Pitching Edge.
A novel gene, <i>tendin</i>, is strongly expressed in tendons and ligaments and shows high homology with chondromodulin‐I (2001)

Chondromodulin-I (CHM1) was identified recently as an angiogenesis inhibitor in cartilage. It is highly expressed in the avascular zones of cartilage but is absent in the late hypertrophic region, which is invaded by blood vessels during enchondral ossification. Blast searches with the C-terminal part of CHM1 in available databases led to the identification of human and mouse cDNAs encoding a new protein, Tendin, that shares high homology with CHM1. Based on computer predictions, Tendin is a type II transmembrane protein containing a putative proteinase cleavage and two glycosylation sites. Northern assays with mouse RNAs demonstrated strong expression of a 1.5-kb tendin transcript in the diaphragm, skeletal muscle, and the eye and low levels of expression in all other tissues investigated. In 17.5-day-old mouse embryos, in situ hybridization revealed high levels of tendin transcript in tendons and ligaments. Additional signals were detected in brain and spinal cord, liver, lung, bowels, thymus, and eye. Cartilage, where CHM1 is found, revealed low levels of tendin m-RNA. In adult mice, tendin is expressed in neurons of all brain regions and the spinal cord. The tendin gene is localized in the human Xq22 region, to which several human diseases have been mapped.
Polyethers (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPolyethersCharles C. PriceCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1974, 7, 9, 294–301Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1974https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50081a003Request reuse permissionsArticle Views406Altmetric-Citations57LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (857 KB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
"I'm Going To Let You Walk Home" (2013)

In response to David Pimentel’s article, Criminal Child Neglect and the “Free Range Kid”: Is Overprotective Parenting the New Standard of Care?, 2012 Utah Law Review 947.
Novel oral taxane therapies: recent Phase I results (2013)

The oral taxanes are analogues of existing taxanes with a possible broad range of antitumor activity. They also have the potential advantages of ease of administration, better efficacy and lesser toxicity than currently available taxanes. These drugs have been used in several Phase I clinical trials, the methodology and results of which will be reviewed here.
Spatial cognition for robots (2009)

The paper discusses robot navigation from biological inspiration. The authors sought to build a model of the rodent brain that is suitable for practical robot navigation. The core model, dubbed RatSLAM, has been demonstrated to have exactly the same advantages described earlier: it can build, maintain, and use maps simultaneously over extended periods of time and can construct maps of large and complex areas from very weak geometric information. The work contrasts with other efforts to embody models of rat brains in robots. The article describes the key elements of the known biology of the rat brain in relation to navigation and how the RatSLAM model captures the ideas from biology in a fashion suitable for implementation on a robotic platform. The paper then outline RatSLAM's performance in two difficult robot navigation challenges, demonstrating how a cognitive robotics approach to navigation can produce results that rival other state of the art approaches in robotics.
IBM's relational DBMS products (1993)

This paper very briefly summarizes the features and technologies implemented in the IBM relational DBMS products. The topics covered include record and index management, concurrency control and recovery methods, commit protocols, query optimization and execution techniques, high availability and support for parallelism and distributed data. Some indications of likely future product directions are also given.
Growth factors and myelin regeneration in multiple sclerosis (1997)

Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) are multifunctional growth factors which are found in the CNS. Oligodendroglia are the cells that form and maintain myelin sheaths and many in vitro experiments have shown that these growth factors promote the proliferation, differentiation and survival of cells in the oligodendroglial lineage. Since myelin breakdown is often severe in multiple sclerosis (MS), the possibility of growth factor use in the treatment of MS has been considered and recently, IGF-I treatment has been shown to reduce lesion severity and promote myelin regeneration in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. This review briefly summarizes the structural characteristics of these growth factors and the actions which might help reduce oligodendrocyte-myelin sheath injury in MS and promote myelin regeneration.