gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Journals of John Edwards Godfrey: Bangor, Maine, 1863-1884 (1990)

Review of the book: The Journals of John Edwards Godfrey: Bangor, Maine, 1863-1884 edited by James B. Vickery
A Serotypic Survey of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Poultry (1986)

One hundred forty-eight Pasteurella multocida isolates from four southeastern states and California were serotyped by a gel diffusion precipitin test. The isolates were predominantly from turkeys and chickens. Sixty-eight percent of the isolates had antigenic characteristics of serotypes 3 and 4 (3 X 4). In turkeys, 76% of the isolates were 3 X 4, and serotype 3 was second (17%) in frequency. In chickens, 54% of the isolates were 3 X 4 and 19% were serotype 1.
A Low-Cost Vision-Based Unmanned Aerial System For Extremely Low-Light Gps-Denied Navigation And Thermal Imaging (2015)

This paper presents the design and implementation details of a complete unmanned aerial system (UAS) based on commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) components, focusing on safety, security, search and rescue scenarios in GPS-denied environments. In particular, The aerial platform is capable of semi-autonomously navigating through extremely low-light, GPS-denied indoor environments based on onboard sensors only, including a downward-facing optical flow camera. Besides, an additional low-cost payload camera system is developed to stream both infra-red video and visible light video to a ground station in real-time, for the purpose of detecting sign of life and hidden humans. The total cost of the complete system is estimated to be $1150, and the effectiveness of the system has been tested and validated in practical scenarios.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF DIPHENYLCYCLOPROPENONE WITH PYRIDINIUM N‐IMINE IN PROTIC MEDIA. QUENCHING OF A REACTIVE INTERMEDIATE (1976)

Abstract Diphenyl‐cyclopropenon (I) reagiert mit N‐Amino‐pyridiniumjodid (II) in Gegenwart von Basen in aprotischen Medien über das Addukt (III) zu einem Keten (IV), das mit Methanol, Wasser, Formamid oder Anilin die entsprechenden Addukte liefert.
Scale Up Center-Based Data Clustering Algorithms by Parallelism (2000)

parallel algorithms, data mining, data clustering, K-Means, K-Harmonic Means, Expectation Maximization, parallel, E.M As data collection increases at an accelerating rate with the advances of computers and networking technology, analyzing the data (data mining) becomes very important. Data clustering is one of the basic tools widely used as a component in many data mining solutions. Even though many data clustering algorithms have been developed in the last few decades, they face new challenges in front of huge data sets. Algorithms with quadratic (or higher order) computational complexity, like agglomerative algorithms, drop out very quickly. More efficient algorithms like K-Means and EM, which have linear cost per iteration, also need scale-up before they can be applied to very large data sets. This paper shows that many parameter estimation algorithms, including the clustering algorithms like K-Means, K-Harmonic Means and EM, have intrinsic parallel structure in them. Many workstations over a LAN or a multiple-processor computer can be efficiently used to run this class of algorithms in parallel. With 60 workstations running in parallel (on a fast LAN), clustering 28.8 GBytes of 40 dimensional data into 100 clusters, the utilization of the computing units is above 80%.
Penetration into rice tissues by brown planthopper and fine structure of the salivary sheaths (2008)

Abstract The fine structure of the salivary sheaths in plant tissues can provide important information on homopteran probing and ingestion behaviors. Salivary sheaths secreted by the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Homoptera: Delphacidae), and their tissue pathway were investigated using light, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopy. About half of the salivary flanges on the surface of the food substrate were connected with internal salivary sheaths. Only 43% of the salivary sheaths showed side branches. Many sculpture‐like protuberances and small cavities had been formed on the outer surface of the salivary sheath, but the sheath lumen circumferences were sealed. Brown planthoppers showed a preference for probing and leaving salivary sheaths in the susceptible rice variety TN1 rather than in the resistant variety B5 during the first 2 days of the experiments. The salivary sheaths in rice tissues reached the inner tissue layer of the leaf sheaths and stems, but were mostly observed to end in the first and second layer of the leaf sheaths. Brown planthoppers also preferred to probe into the thick segment of the outer leaf sheath. After ingestion by the insect, the cytoplasm in both phloem and companion cells degraded and the main organelles were lost. Numerous small vesicles were found in most of the phloem cells, but cell walls remained intact. Large numbers of symbiont‐like structures were observed inside the salivary sheath lumen. These results indicated that BPH has complicated feeding behaviors, which warrants further investigation.
Research challenges in future multi-domain network performance measurement and monitoring (2015)

The perfSONAR-based Multi-domain Network Performance Measurement and Monitoring Workshop was held on February 20-21, 2014 in Arlington, VA. The goal of the workshop was to review the state of the perfSONAR effort and catalyze future directions by cross-fertilizing ideas, and distilling common themes among the diverse perfSONAR stakeholders that include: network operators and managers, end-users and network researchers. The timing and organization for the second workshop is significant because there are an increasing number of groups within NSF supported data-intensive computing and networking programs that are dealing with measurement, monitoring and troubleshooting of multi-domain issues. These groups are forming explicit measurement federations using perfSONAR to address a wide range of issues. In addition, the emergence and wide-adoption of new paradigms such as software-defined networking are taking shape to aid in traffic management needs of scientific communities and network operators. Consequently, there are new challenges that need to be addressed for extensible and programmable instrumentation, measurement data analysis, visualization and middleware security features in perfSONAR. This report summarizes the workshop efforts to bring together diverse groups for delivering targeted short/long talks, sharing latest advances, and identifying gaps that exist in the community for solving end-to-end performance problems in an effective, scalable fashion.
A detailed study of yield and reliability for vacuum packages fabricated in a wafer-level Au-Si eutectic bonding process (2009)

An Au-Si eutectic wafer-level bonding process was developed for low-temperature vacuum packaging of MEMS devices. Using Au-Si eutectic bonding, devices were encapsulated by bonding a silicon cap wafer to a device wafer. Micromachined Pirani vacuum sensors were encapsulated in order to characterize the packaged pressures. These packages had cavity dimensions of 2.3times2.3 mm with a depth of 90 mum. Yields of 84.6% and 94.1% were achieved in packages with bond ring widths of 100 and 150 mum. With the use of getters and a pre-bond outgassing step, pressures from <3.7 to 23.3 mTorr were achieved. Furthermore, pressures were shown to remain stable to within plusmn2.5 mTorr for over 4 years of testing.
Upconversion‐Nanophosphor‐Based Functional Nanocomposites (2013)

Upconversion nanophosphors have the ability to generate visible or near-infrared (NIR) emissions under continuous-wave NIR excitation. Utilizing this special photoluminescent properties, upconversion nanophosphors can be used as key components in complex nanocomposites for a wide range of applications. This review summarizes the basic concept, fabrication strategy, and typical application of upconversion-nanophosphor-based functional nanocomposites. The motivation to design these structures comes from the potential applications in detection, multi-modality bioimaging, and NIR light-induced therapy, as well as the tuning of the upconversion luminescence emissions. This review will give a brief summary of this rapidly developing field, and provide guidance to design and to fabricate new nanocomposites based on upconversion nanophosphors.
Exacerbation of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in P2X7R−/− Mice: Evidence for Loss of Apoptotic Activity in Lymphocytes (2006)

The purinergic receptor P2X7R is a nucleotide-gated ion channel that has been proposed to function as a major regulator of inflammation. In this study we examined the role of this receptor in regulating inflammation in the CNS by determining the effects of the loss of this receptor (P2X7R-/-) on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for multiple sclerosis. We show here that P2X7R-/- mice developed more severe clinical and pathological expression of EAE than wild type (WT) controls and that spleen and lymph node cells from P2X7R-/- mice proliferated more vigorously to Ag in vitro. Bone marrow (BM) radiation chimeras revealed that enhanced susceptibility to EAE was detected in chimeric mice of WT host engrafted with P2X7R-/- BM cells, indicating that the genotype of the BM cells regulated disease susceptibility. Coculture of P2X7R-/- macrophages with WT lymphocytes and vice versa showed that enhanced proliferative activity resided within the P2X7R-/- lymphocyte population and correlated with reduced levels of IFN-gamma and NO and apoptosis of lymphocytes. mRNA and protein for IFN-gamma were also significantly reduced in the CNS of P2X7R-/- mice with EAE. FACS analysis of cells isolated from the CNS showed significantly fewer annexin V/propidium iodide-positive lymphocytes in the CNS of P2X7R-/- mice early in the disease, and TUNEL staining of inflamed CNS tissues supported this result. From these data we conclude that enhanced susceptibility of P2X7R-/- mice to EAE reflects a loss of apoptotic activity in lymphocytes, supporting an important role for this receptor in lymphocyte homeostasis.
Crossing the Date line: Perspectives of Canadian students studying education in an Australian Regional University (2009)

The research reported here aims to develop understandings around the expectations and perceptions of Canadian students entering a Graduate Diploma of Education program in an Australian university. The study align well with the theme of “crossing borders”, as the study focuses on international students ‘crossing borders’ to achieve their accreditation goals in another country. The particular context of this research is a sizeable cohort (90 – 100 annually) of Canadian students who attend an Australian regional university to gain a teaching qualification. Based on the theoretical perspective of interpretivism, the study employed qualitative methods to understand the expectations and perspectives of the students early in, and during their progress through the program. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews: researchers conducted three interviews with each participant across the first six months of the students’ year long stay. The ’moments’ of each interview were: (i) prior to attending their first week of lectures; (ii) after they had completed the first lecture series of four courses; and (iii) after participants completed their first block of practical experience in an Australian school. The data was then analysed using constant interrogation and context theory. This report is based on the initial findings of these interviews and identifies the themes and understandings expressed by the Canadian students who have ‘crossed the date line’.
Biodegradation of cell types in normal and brown midrib mutant pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R Br): microspectrophotometric and electron microscopic studies of walls and wall layers (1993)

Aromatic constituents of cell walls limit the feeding value of forages, but information is lacking on the sites and types of these constituents that retard biodegradation. A series of cell types in stems and leaf blades of a normal (N) and a brown midrib (bmr) mutant line of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R Br) were analyzed by UV absorption microspectrophotometry from freeze-dried bulk walls and from 4 µm thick sections. Cell types were evaluated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy for rumen microbial degradation . Generally, N cell walls had a higher absorbance, hypsochromatically shifted λmax' and a higher absorbance ratio (280:320 nm) compared with bmr walls. Spectra suggested that ester-linked phenolic acids were present in lignified and non-lignified walls of both plant lines. Results are consistent with previous information that N cell types have substantially higher concentrations of esterlinked p-coumaric acid and more condensed aromatics than bmr walls. Pronounced variations occurred within regions of some cell types, including the middle lamella region vs. secondary layers of sclerenchyma cells and the outer vs. inner regions of epidermal cells. Biodegradable cell walls, such as stem parenchyma and epidermis and parenchyma bundle sheaths of leaf blades, showed less absorbance than heavily lignified walls. For some walls, UV spectra related well with variations in digestibility, while for other cell walls further work is needed to relate spectra to biodegradation.
Architectural tradeoffs in field-programmable-device-based computing systems (2002)

Reprogrammable Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have enabled the realization of high-performance and affordable reconfigurable computing engines. The authors examine the architectural tradeoffs involved in designing general purpose FPGA-based computing systems with field-programmable gate arrays and field-programmable interconnects. The fact that FPGAs provide both programmable logic and programmable interconnects raises numerous design issues that need to be considered with care. Factors that influence the tradeoffs are routability, rearrangeability and speed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Overcoming Barriers to Collaboration in an Open Source Ecosystem (2014)

IntroductionCollaboration is the act of working with another individual or grouping to create something. It involves working jointly and openly with others. When collaborators bring their own diverse skills and experience – and new perspectives – the potential for innovation is great. However, collaboration is far from easy, and the diversity that brings benefits to the
Laser speckle rotary encoder (1989)

A new rotary encoder is proposed which detects displacement of speckle arising in the diffraction field of a cylinder illuminated by a narrow laser beam. The displacement is detected from the peak position of the cross-correlation between the outputs of a linear image sensor. The speckle displacement due to small rotation of the cylinder is derived first. In experiments correlation is computed on a microcomputer for investigating the sensitivity and repeatability. A He-Ne laser and a laser diode are used for metal and paper surfaces. Acceleration and extension of the measurement range has also been possible by developing a real-time correlator.
Picosecond soliton propagation using nonlinearoptical loop mirrors as intensity filters (1994)

The authors show that by inserting nonlinear optical loop mirrors into an optical fibre transmission line, 1.5 ps solitons may be transmitted over at least 750 km, with amplifiers spaced at 15 km intervals.
Evolution of the Ultraviolet Upturn at 0.3 < z < 1: Exploring Helium-rich Stellar Populations (2021)

Abstract We measure the near-UV (rest-frame ∼2400 Å) to optical color for early-type galaxies in 12 clusters at 0.3 < z < 1.0. We show that this is a suitable proxy for the more common far-ultraviolet bandpass used to measure the ultraviolet upturn and find that the upturn is detected to z = 0.6 in these data, in agreement with previous work. We find evidence that the strength of the upturn starts to wane beyond this redshift and largely disappears at z = 1. Our data are most consistent with models where early-type galaxies contain minority stellar populations with non-cosmological helium abundances, up to around 46%, formed at z ≥ 3, resembling globular clusters with multiple stellar populations in our Galaxy. This suggests that elliptical galaxies and globular clusters share similar chemical evolution and star formation histories. The vast majority of the stellar mass in these galaxies also must have been in place at z > 3.
A Hadamard weighted loop shaping design procedure (2005)

The authors introduce a design procedure for linear system controllers that incorporates the loop shaping design of D. C. McFarlane and K. Glover (1992) and allows element-by-element weighting, or Hadamard weighting, of the closed loop. The method provides a single design variable which the designer can vary to trade off stability robustness with performance. A design example carried out on an ill-conditioned plant is presented. This example demonstrates the ease with which approximate decoupling can be enforced while maintaining stability robustness and the way in which time domain requirements can be achieved using H/sub infinity /-based techniques.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: SELECTIVE SIDE‐CHAIN CHLORINATION OF METHOXYBENZENES (1977)

Abstract Anisol (I) wird unter radikalischen Bedingungen in der Seitenkette unter Bildung von (II) chloriert, bei verlängerter Reaktionsdauer entstehen das Dichlorid (III) und das Trichlorid (IV).
Tag Completion for Image Retrieval (2012)

Many social image search engines are based on keyword/tag matching. This is because tag-based image retrieval (TBIR) is not only efficient but also effective. The performance of TBIR is highly dependent on the availability and quality of manual tags. Recent studies have shown that manual tags are often unreliable and inconsistent. In addition, since many users tend to choose general and ambiguous tags in order to minimize their efforts in choosing appropriate words, tags that are specific to the visual content of images tend to be missing or noisy, leading to a limited performance of TBIR. To address this challenge, we study the problem of tag completion, where the goal is to automatically fill in the missing tags as well as correct noisy tags for given images. We represent the image-tag relation by a tag matrix, and search for the optimal tag matrix consistent with both the observed tags and the visual similarity. We propose a new algorithm for solving this optimization problem. Extensive empirical studies show that the proposed algorithm is significantly more effective than the state-of-the-art algorithms. Our studies also verify that the proposed algorithm is computationally efficient and scales well to large databases.
Computer vision based object detection and recognition for vehicle driving (2002)

Applying computer technology to vehicle driving has been studied for many years. Most of the studies focused on autonomous vehicle driving in a simplified environment like freeways, or life independent systems like GPS. A general case where kind of unexpectedly fatal conditions may occur which we are driving in an urban area, however, has not been considered. We proposed a system to satisfy the basic criteria for such a general driving assistance. We detect the obstacles on the ground in front of the vehicle we are driving, and then classify them into three predefined categories: pedestrians, vehicles and others. In the proposed system, we exploit a simplified stereovision system to detect the obstacles instantly. After that, to search and track pedestrians and vehicles, different methods are used for adapting to their heterogeneity. For the sake of implementation, we also propose a method to decide the maximal speed of driving to keep such kind of systems working.
Microwave-frequency synthetisers (1969)

A new type of microwave-frequency synthetiser, suitable for use in digitally tuned u.h.f. and microwave superheterodyne receivers (and possibly also signal generators), is described. The method is based on phase locking a voltage-tuned transistor oscillator to successive harmonics of a fundamental crystal oscillator, resulting in an all solid-state design capable of operation up to Xband. Early experimental work on a u.h.f. synthetiser is noted, and basic functional diagrams are provided.
Uncertainty and the Estimation of Human Hazard: The Science of Food Safety (1984)

Journal Article Uncertainty and the Estimation of Human Hazard: The Science of Food Safety Get access SANPORD A. MILLER, SANPORD A. MILLER Bureau of Foods, Food and Drug AdministrationWashington, D.C. 20204 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KAREN SKINNER KAREN SKINNER Bureau of Foods, Food and Drug AdministrationWashington, D.C. 20204 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Toxicological Sciences, Volume 4, Issue 3part2, June 1984, Pages 426–433, https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/4.3part2.426 Published: 01 June 1984
Cerebral blood flow after carotid occlusion and extracranial-intracranial bypass. (1984)

Eleven patients with occlusion of one internal carotid artery showed marked reduction of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) through the hemisphere on the affected side with high rCBF on the opposite side. Six of the patients had no surgery, during follow-up of 2 to 5 years. rCBF increased on both sides leaving a persisting asymmetry of rCBF. Five patients had extracranial-intracranial bypass; rCBF increased on the affected side but not on the opposite side. Asymmetry of rCBF between the hemispheres remained but was much less than in the non-operated group.
FPGA implementation of an integrate-and-fire legion model for image segmentation (2006)

Despite several previous studies, little progress has been made in building successful neural systems for image segmentation in digital hardware. Spiking neural networks offer an opportunity to develop models of visual perception without any complex structure based on multiple neural maps. Such models use elementary asynchronous computations that have motivated several implementations on analog devices, whereas digital implementations appear as quite unable to handle large spiking neural networks, for lack of density. In this work, we consider a model of integrate-and-fire neurons organized according to the standard LEGION architecture to segment grey-level images. Taking advantage of the local and distributed structure of the model, a massively distributed implementation on FPGA using pipelined serial computations is developed. Results show that digital and flexible solutions may efficiently handle large networks of spiking neurons.
A blind review and an informed review of interval breast cancer cases in the Limburg screening programme, the Netherlands (2000)

About one third of the interval cancers could have been detected in the previous screening round. In order to diminish the number of avoidable interval cancers, review and classification of interval cancers is an important tool for continuing the education of screening radiologists. Therefore, further development of review training procedures is necessary.