gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
System design and optimization of optically amplified WDM-TDM hybrid polarization-insensitive fiber-optic Michelson interferometric sensor (2000)

We investigate the optically amplified time-division-multiplexed (TDM) polarization-insensitive fiber-optic Michelson interferometric sensor (PIFOMIS) system using erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). The EDFA was named preamplifier, in-line amplifier or postamplifier; by the position it was located. We find that the preamplifier EDFA has limited usefulness because of its unstable amplification of the optical pulse trains. Both post- and in-line cases can work successfully in the TDM-PIFOMIS system. The amplitudes of the optical pulse trains are stable after amplified by the in-line EDFA, this is a significantly advantage of the optically amplified TDM-PIFOMIS system. The MPDS of the unamplified TDM-PIPOMIS system with an extinction ratio (ER) of 33 dB of the output pulse of the optical guide wave (OGW) modulator was 2.4/spl times/10/sup -5/ rad/(Hz)/sup 1/2/ at 1 kHz. For maintaining MPDS better than 3.4/spl times/10/sup -5/ rad/(Hz)/sup 1/2/ at 1 kHz, the allowable worst ER for the post- and in-line amplified system are 20 and 17.8 dB, respectively, and the corresponding input signal peak power should be larger than -20 and -25 dBm. While employing such two post- and two in-line EDFAs in the TDM-PIFOMIS system, the allowable loss of the sensor array is 47 dB. We analyze the phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) of the optically amplified TDM-PIFOMIS system in detail and propose methods to reduce the PIIN. The output optical pulse of an intensity modulator with high ER is a key issue to minimize the PIIN and sensor crosstalk in the system. In order to reduce the system PIIN, complexity and cost, we suggest an optimum optically amplified WDM (wavelength-division multiplexing)-TDM hybrid PIFOMIS system with four wavelengths and four eight-sensor subarrays.
Reliability and validity of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. (2005)

To investigate the reliability and validity of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), 28 youth aged 6 to 17 years with Tourette's syndrome (TS) participated in the study. Data included clinician reports of tics and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) severity, parent reports of tics, internalizing and externalizing problems, and child reports of depression and anxiety. All children participated in a 2nd YGTSS administration by the same rater 48 days later. Good internal consistency and stability were found for the YGTSS scores. YGTSS scores demonstrated strong correlations with parent-rated tic severity (r = .58-.68). YGTSS scores were not significantly related to measures of clinician ratings of OCD severity (r = .01-.15), parent ratings of externalizing and internalizing behavior (r = -.07-.20), and child ratings of depression (r = .02-.26) and anxiety (r = -.06 -.28). Findings suggest that the YGTSS is a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of pediatric TS.
The case for federalism (2012)

i have a confession to make. In this country, it’s more in the nature of revealing a dirty little secret. Now don’t gasp with horror, but you see, I’m a federalist. I believe you get better outcomes across a range of criteria when states have real power and are not at the mercy of the central government’s diktats. Yes, yes, yes, I know that the vast preponderance of our federal politicians, on both sides of the House, are centralists. For them, the states are at best an annoyance, and at worst, something to be gotten rid of as soon as they figure out how. Meantime, they opt to parade around under the pretence of ‘cooperative federalism,’ as though that phrase means anything more than having two layers of bureaucracy, with the states kowtowing to the commonwealth. You see, there’s a widespread belief in Australia that federalism just means duplication and extra layers of bureaucracy. But in wellfunctioning democratic federal states, federalism is always competitive, not cooperative. Think of Switzerland, the United States, Canada, or Germany: the states or provinces or cantons or lander in all those countries compete against each other. You don’t have to live in Australia very long to hear the case against federalism from all points on the political spectrum—it’s inefficient; it’s just an extra layer of duplication; and it gives us too many politicians for the number of people. And then there’s this one that seems to be a clear favourite, namely, that those elected to the state legislatures just aren’t up to the job. They’re second-rate hacks compared to those who go into commonwealth politics. James Allan argues that federalism creates a more competitive and prosperous society ThE CASE FOR FEdERAliSm
Mindful Classrooms: A Synthesis of Research on Multiple Intelligences Theory in Cross-Cultural Contexts (2005)

The scene is a primary school in regional Australia that has a large proportion of students from non-English-speaking backgrounds (NESB). In one of these culturally diverse classrooms, I observed the following exchange at the beginning of a blustery Thursday with the students gathered together on the front mat. The teacher was quizzing her Grade 1 class on the days of the week. She held up flashcards and the children were asked to read the day. When she held up ‘Thursday’, she drew attention to the ‘ur’ sound and asked which other day also included the ‘ur’ sound. After a few incorrect attempts from various class members, the answer of ‘Saturday’ was given. As the teacher resumed ‘testing’ the days of the week, James, a boy from Papua/New Guinea, said, “Turtle has the ‘ur’ sound, too.” The teacher nodded at the child and continued with the days of the week when James again interrupted with, “And dinosaur. That ends with ‘ur’.” The teacher looked at him and with ill-humour, said, “Yes, but dinosaur doesn't make the ‘ur’ sound, does it?” before continuing with the lesson. What interpretations can be made of this exchange? We could assume that this is a teacher who does not welcome interruptions that take the class ‘off-task’ and this is certainly the explanation given after the lesson. In response, I commented to the teacher that James seemed to be a bright boy to which she replied, “James is too smart. He gets us off task all the time.” However, on a number of other occasions, I observed the teacher capitalising on those ‘off-task’ teaching moments when another child was responsible for the interruption, particularly when the 'culprit' was a white girl.
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) Suppresses the Trafficking of Lymphocytes to Epidermal Melanocytes <i>via</i> Inhibition of JAK2: Its Implication for Vitiligo Treatment (2015)

Vitiligo is an inflammatory skin disorder in which activated T cells play an important role in its onset and progression. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major chemical constituent of green tea, exhibits remarkable anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. EGCG administration has been confirmed to decrease the risk of vitiligo; however, the underlying mechanism is undetermined. In this study, we proved that EGCG directly inhibited the kinase activity of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2). In primary cultured human melanocytes, EGCG pre-treatment attenuated interferon (IFN)-γ-induced phosphorylation of JAK2 and its downstream signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1 and STAT3 in a dose-dependent manner. We further examined the chemoattractant expression in melanocytes and demonstrated that EGCG significantly inhibited IFN-γ-induced expression of intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, CXCL10, and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 in human melanocytes. In addition, EGCG reduced the protein levels of the corresponding receptors including CD11a, CXCR3, and CCR2 in human T lymphocytes. As a consequence, adhesion of human T cells to melanocytes induced by IFN-γ was effectively suppressed by EGCG. Taken together, our results provided new evidence for the effectiveness of EGCG in vitiligo treatment and supported JAK2 as a molecular target for vitiligo medicine development.
Pattern recognition receptors: sentinels in innate immunity and targets of new vaccine adjuvants (2012)

The innate immune system plays an essential role in the host's first line of defense against microbial invasion, and involves the recognition of distinct pathogen-associated molecular patterns by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Activation of PRRs triggers cell signaling leading to the production of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines and Type 1 interferons, and the induction of antimicrobial and inflammatory responses. These innate responses are also responsible for instructing the development of an appropriate pathogen-specific adaptive immune response. In this review, the focus is on different classes of PRRs that have been identified, including Toll-like receptors, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors, and the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors, and their importance in host defense against infection. The role of PRR cooperation in generating optimal immune responses required for protective immunity and the potential of targeting PRRs in the development of a new generation of vaccine adjuvants is also discussed.
Chemical Sensors and Biosensors Based on Prussian Blues (2002)

This article is a review of the literature devoted to analytical sensors and biosensors based on Prussian blue and its analogues. Electrochemical and optical devices are characterized. Several sensing schemes and their practical analytical applications are reported. Trends and perspectives for development of Prussian blues-based (bio)sensors are indicated. The review contains 155 references.
3D Stereo Viewing Evaluation for the Virtual Haptic Back Project (2006)

The purpose of the Virtual Haptic Back (VHB) project is to develop a realistic haptic/graphical model of the human back that can be used for palpation (diagnosis though touch) in medical training. The goal of this research is to design, implement, and evaluate methods to improve viewing realism for the VHB project by applying 3D stereo effects and bringing the virtual model to the user’s fingertips like in the real world. Two graphical viewing methods were designed and applied to the VHB project for evaluation along with the standard 23-inch flat-screen LCD monitor: a Head Mounted Display (HMD) with head tracking and a Mirror Viewing System (MVS) which combines graphic and haptic images so that the 3D stereo VHB model appears at the user’s fingertips. Evaluations with osteopathic medical students showed that both of these methods (especially the MVS) improve the VHB realism compared to the flat-screen monitor.
A mutation in the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of the FGD1 gene in an Italian family with faciogenital dysplasia (Aarskog–Scott syndrome) (2000)

Aarskog-Scott Syndrome (AAS) is an X-linked disorder characterised by short stature and multiple facial, limb and genital abnormalities. A gene, FGD1, altered in a patient with AAS phenotype, has been identified and found to encode a protein with homology to Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rho/Rac GEF). However, since this original report on identification of a mutated FGD1 gene in an AAS patient, no additional mutations in the FGD1 gene have been described. We analysed 13 independent patients with clinical diagnosis of AAS. One patient presented a mutation that results in a nucleotide change in exon 10 of the FGD1 gene (G2559>A) substituting a Gln for Arg in position 610. The mutation was found to segregate with the AAS phenotype in affected males and carrier females in the family of this patient. Interestingly, Arg-610 is located within one of the two pleckstrin homology (PH) domains of the FGD1 gene and it corresponds to a highly conserved residue which has been involved in InsP binding in PH domains of other proteins. The same residue is often mutated in the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) gene in patients with an X-linked agammaglobulinemia. The Arg610Gln mutation represents the first case of a mutation in the PH domain of the FGD1 gene and additional evidence that mutations in PH domains can be associated to human diseases.
Association Between Regular Cannabis Use and Ganglion Cell Dysfunction (2016)

Our results demonstrate a delay in transmission of action potentials by the ganglion cells in regular cannabis users, which could support alterations in vision. Our findings may be important from a public health perspective since they could highlight the neurotoxic effects of cannabis use on the central nervous system as a result of how it affects retinal processing.
Foggy drone: Application to a hexarotor UAV (2018)

In this paper, a rescue methodology is proposed using a Hexarotor UAV. The aerial vehicle is used for scanning the roads in foggy weathers by using thermal sensing camera fixed on it. The drone will escort the police cars and/or car-ambulances by scanning the road ahead of them, and navigating them to reach their destinations safely and quickly despite the poor visibility caused by the fog. The main purpose of this work is to reduce the number of accident fatalities caused in foggy weather days by helping the rescue services to arrive quickly to the accident location. The project is implemented and flight tests are conducted and presented in this paper.
How I learned to stop worrying and love ISO 16363 (2016)

Presentation at PASIG in NYC on ISO16363.
Relationship between Cr and breathing pattern in mechanically ventilated patients (1994)

In mechanically ventilated patients the natural gas-conditioning process of the upper airways is bypassed by the use of an endotracheal tube or a tracheostomy. We hypothesized that under these conditions the breathing pattern may greatly influence the convective respiratory heat loss (Cr). Cr values were computed from minute ventilation (VE) and inspiratory and expiratory gas temperatures, which were measured in six patients under mechanical ventilation for the management of cranial trauma. In each patient the effects of 11-20 different breathing patterns were investigated. Relationships between Cr and VE and between combined tidal volume and respiratory frequency were obtained by simple and multiple linear regression methods, respectively. Comparison of the standard errors of estimate indicated that multiple linear regression gives the best fit. Thus, Cr was highly dependent on the breathing pattern and was not related only to VE. For the same VE value, Cr was higher when VE was achieved with high tidal volume and low respiratory frequency. These data are consistent with previous studies in which thermal exchanges through the upper airways were taxed by hyperventilation of frigid air.
Adaptive Antenna Arrays for Precision GNSS Receivers (2009)

Antenna arrays with adaptive filters are currently used to provide interference suppression capabilities for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers.An adaptive array allows greater performance over a single element antenna by providing beamforming/null steering in the directions of satellites and interference sources.Unfortunately, there are some important limitations to the GNSS adaptive arrays in use today.For example, in the process of suppressing interference, adaptive antennas may inadvertently distort the GNSS signal and introduce bias errors into the receiver's position and time estimates.Furthermore, many systems produce suboptimal interference suppression performance, which degrades the accuracy of the navigation solution.To overcomes these limitations, this dissertation develops novel adaptive antenna algorithms and techniques suitable for precision GNSS receivers.Three primary contributions are made.First, it develops an approach for optimal suppression of interference.For a GNSS application, this corresponds to an adaptive filter that maximizes carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N 0 ).The second contribution is the development of approaches for preventing the adaptive antenna array from introducing errors into the GNSS receiver measurements.These techniques take the form of a special adaptive filter algorithm and additional receiver logic that mathematically guarantee zero antenna-induced error even during interference suppression.Since ii mitigation of these errors requires accurate antenna manifold information, a calibration procedure is needed to obtain the antenna manifolds in an efficient and practical manner.Consequently, the third contribution is a novel self-calibration algorithm.This algorithm simultaneously estimates the antenna manifold and navigation information "on-the-fly".Collectively, these contributions advance the state-of-the-art in GNSS adaptive antennas in terms of performance, precision and practicality.iii
Stories and Storytelling in Extension Work (2012)

Deep budget cuts, increased accountability, and the growth of anti-government and anti-intellectual sentiments place Extension systems in a defensive position. In response, we're engaging in organizational change exercises, restructuring, regionalizing, rewriting mission statements, and developing strategic plans. We're spending considerable time counting and measuring our efforts to defend the public impacts and value of our work. In this article we argue that we also need to become better storytellers by learning how to craft and strategically communicate stories that capture important truths about the public value, meaning, and significance of our work.
STD: Sparse-to-Dense 3D Object Detector for Point Cloud (2019)

We present a new two-stage 3D object detection framework, named sparse-to-dense 3D Object Detector (STD). The first stage is a bottom-up proposal generation network that uses raw point cloud as input to generate accurate proposals by seeding each point with a new spherical anchor. It achieves a high recall with less computation compared with prior works. Then, PointsPool is applied for generating proposal features by transforming their interior point features from sparse expression to compact representation, which saves even more computation time. In box prediction, which is the second stage, we implement a parallel intersection-over-union (IoU) branch to increase awareness of localization accuracy, resulting in further improved performance. We conduct experiments on KITTI dataset, and evaluate our method in terms of 3D object and Bird's Eye View (BEV) detection. Our method outperforms other state-of-the-arts by a large margin, especially on the hard set, with inference speed more than 10 FPS.
The use of the Walkman mini-stereo system in the management of tinnitus (1987)

The Walkman mini-stereo system was tried on 50 patients who had tinnitus and 86.7 per cent of the patients found it effective and useful. In spite of the few minor disadvantages, its use is recommended, at least before prescribing an expensive tinnitus masker.
MACS: maintenance assistance capability for software-a KADME (2002)

MACS's goal is to offer a customizable software maintenance assistance system. Its main concern is to help the maintainer in gaining a deep understanding of existing or in-progress applications, of the factual data (change management world and abstraction recovery world), the design decisions rationale (reasoning world), and the mapping of domain to programming components (interconnection world). This broad reverse-engineering approach is enhanced by impact analysis techniques to better perceive the interaction between components. The MACS supervisor proposes a set of maintenance process models to guide the maintainer through the MACS worlds. Knowledge base and expert system techniques are used in conjunction with software engineering techniques, which makes MACS a KADME (knowledge assistance for development and maintenance environment).< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Inhibition of Arginase by <i>N</i>ω-Hydroxy-<scp>l</scp>-Arginine Controls the Growth of <i>Leishmania</i> Inside Macrophages (2001)

Polyamine synthesis from l-ornithine is essential for Leishmania growth. We have investigated the dependence of Leishmania infection on arginase, which generates l-ornithine, in macrophages from BALB/c, C57BL/6, and nitric oxide synthase II (NOS II)-deficient mouse strains. We have found that N(omega)-hydroxy-l-arginine (LOHA), a physiological inhibitor of arginase, controls cellular infection and also specifically inhibits arginase activity from Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum parasites. The effect was proportional to the course of infection, concentration dependent up to 100 microM, and achieved without an increase in nitrite levels of culture supernatants. Moreover, when the l-arginine metabolism of macrophages is diverted towards ornithine generation by interleukin 4-induced arginase I, parasite growth is promoted. This effect can be reversed by LOHA. Inhibition of NOS II by N(G)-methyl-l-arginine (LNMMA) restores the killing obtained in the presence of interferon (IFN)-gamma plus lipolysaccharide (LPS), whereas the nitric oxide scavenger 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5,-tetramethylimidazoline-3-oxide-1-oxyl (carboxy-PTIO) was without effect. However, exogenous l-ornithine almost completely inhibits parasite killing when added in the presence of LOHA to macrophages from NOS II-deficient mice or to BALB/c-infected cells activated with IFN-gamma plus LPS. These results suggest that LOHA is an effector molecule involved in the control of Leishmania infection. In addition, macrophage arginase I induction by T helper cell type 2 cytokines could be a mechanism used by parasites to spread inside the host.
A Monte-Carlo AIXI Approximation (2011)

This paper introduces a principled approach for the design of a scalable general reinforcement learning agent. Our approach is based on a direct approximation of AIXI, a Bayesian optimality notion for general reinforcement learning agents. Previously, it has been unclear whether the theory of AIXI could motivate the design of practical algorithms. We answer this hitherto open question in the affirmative, by providing the first computationally feasible approximation to the AIXI agent. To develop our approximation, we introduce a new Monte-Carlo Tree Search algorithm along with an agent-specific extension to the Context Tree Weighting algorithm. Empirically, we present a set of encouraging results on a variety of stochastic and partially observable domains. We conclude by proposing a number of directions for future research.
Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism with spiral CT: comparison with pulmonary angiography and scintigraphy. (1996)

Spiral CT can reliably depict central PE and may be introduced into the classic diagnostic algorithms.
Building wide-area applications with the ARToolkit (2003)

We show how splitting the ARToolkit in several functional components leads to an extension of its capabilities. We present how these ARToolkit components can be used to extend the functionality of the Toolkit to wide area indoor tracking. The marker detection gets reconfigured whenever the system's user comes near so-called transitional markers, resulting in the possibility of integrating several ARToolkit based applications within a single system. The cost of a wide area tracking infrastructure based on optical marker detection is very low, as only some markers have to be printed out and attached to known places. The ARToolkit provides all features necessary for this application, but has a limited number of markers that can be stored in and distinguished by the system at a given point in time. Wide area tracking usually requires many known features in the environment. Splitting the ARToolkit library in several components (image acquisition, marker detection and processing of the marker information) allows the realization of this wide area tracking scenario. Every component gets implemented in a separate process, communicating with each other using the DWARF system. As a result, the output of every component can be used by several others. To solve the problem of a limited number of markers we attach transitional markers at prominent places like entrance doors to buildings.