gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Structure of Acyclic Bis(ketenimine) Complexes of Zirconium (1998)

Mono- and disubstituted bis(ketenimine) complexes of zirconium (1 and 2, respectively) can be readily prepared by reaction of these ligands (3) with Zr(NMe)4 or, in some cases, the homoleptic tetrabenzyl derivative ZrBn4. Treatment of 1 (Ar = Ph, p-CF3Ph; X = NMe2) with Me2NH·HCl and of 2 (Ar = Ph, X = NMe2) with either Me2NH·HCl or TMSCl provides the corresponding chloro derivatives in high yield. Alkyl derivatives of 2 (X = Me, Bn) can be readily prepared by reaction of the corresponding chloro derivatives with Grignard or organolithium reagents. Monocyclopentadienyl bis(ketenimine) complexes 4 (Ar = Ph, p-CF3Ph; Cp = η5-C5H5, η5-C9H7; X = Cl) were prepared from 1 (Ar = Ph, p-CF3Ph; X = Cl) by reaction with CpLi or IndLi in high yield, and methyl derivatives 4 (Ar = Ph, p-CF3Ph; Cp = η5-C5H5, η5-C9H7; X = Me) were accessible by treatment of the chloro precursors with methyllithium. The X-ray structure of 2 (Ar = Ph; X = NMe2) reveals a distorted-octahedral geometry in which the bis(ketenimine) ligands are σ-bound to the metal and the dimethylamido groups are cis to one another, and the corresponding dichloro derivative also adopts a similar structure in the solid state, whereas the bis(ketenimine) ligands adopt a distorted, η5 binding mode in the monoindenyl derivative 4 (Ar = Ph; Cp = η5-C9H7; X = Cl). Enantiomers of 2 (Ar = Ph, X = Cl) readily interconvert in solution via a Bailar-twist mechanism, as revealed by variable-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopic studies; activation parameters for this process were determined (ΔH‡ = 9.0 ± 0.45 kcal mol-1; ΔS‡ = −9.9 ± 1.0 cal mol-1 K-1).
The impact of cigarette smoking on zona pellucida thickness of oocytes and embryos prior to transfer into the uterine cavity (2003)

Our study demonstrates that active and passive cigarette smoking increases the zona pellucida thickness of oocytes and embryos. Our findings also show that active and passive smoking has no significant effect on the thinning mechanism of the zona pellucida, which implies that it is independent of the initial zona pellucida thickness.
An Ontology-Based Dialogue Management System for Banking and Finance Dialogue Systems (2018)

Keeping the dialogue state in dialogue systems is a notoriously difficult task. We introduce an ontology-based dialogue manage(OntoDM), a dialogue manager that keeps the state of the conversation, provides a basis for anaphora resolution and drives the conversation via domain ontologies. The banking and finance area promises great potential for disambiguating the context via a rich set of products and specificity of proper nouns, named entities and verbs. We used ontologies both as a knowledge base and a basis for the dialogue manager; the knowledge base component and dialogue manager components coalesce in a sense. Domain knowledge is used to track Entities of Interest, i.e. nodes (classes) of the ontology which happen to be products and services. In this way we also introduced conversation memory and attention in a sense. We finely blended linguistic methods, domain-driven keyword ranking and domain ontologies to create ways of domain-driven conversation. Proposed framework is used in our in-house German language banking and finance chatbots. General challenges of German language processing and finance-banking domain chatbot language models and lexicons are also introduced. This work is still in progress, hence no success metrics have been introduced yet.
DNA Polymerase in the Core of the Human Hepatitis B Virus Candidate (1974)

Experiments were done to show that the human hepatitis B antigen (HBAg)-associated DNA polymerase is a component of Dane particles and their antigenically distinct cores prepared by Nonidet P-40 detergent treatment of Dane particles. Before detergent treatment, the DNA polymerase was precipitated by serum containing anti-HB surface antigen (anti-HB(s)) but not with serum containing anti-HB core antigen (anti-HB(c)). After detergent treatment, the enzyme was precipitated by anti-HB(c)- and not by anti-HB(s)-containing serum. Highly purified 16- to 25-nm HBAg particles blocked only the precipitation of DNA polymerase in untreated HBAg preparations. The 110S structure with which the DNA reaction product remains associated in Nonidet P-40-treated preparations was identified as Dane particle core by immunoprecipitation with serum containing anti-HB(c). The DNA polymerase and the radioactive DNA reaction product were used as markers for core in immunoprecipitation tests for anticore. In such assays, 8 of 11 human sera with anti-HB(s) activity and all of 10 sera from chronic HBAg carriers were found to contain anti-HB(c) activity.
Tracking hardware evolution (2011)

Software evolution is the term used to describe the process of developing and updating software systems. Software repositories such as versioning systems and bug tracking systems are used to manage the evolution of software projects. The mining of this information is used to support predictions and improve design and reuse. Integrated circuit development can also benefit from these techniques. Nowadays, both software and hardware development use repositories and bug tracking systems. There are many hardware open source projects such as SUN's OpenSparc and designs at Opencores.org. We propose a methodology to track specific HDL metrics in order to improve design quality. Our results present a case study that correlates HDL metrics and bug proneness of Verilog HDL modules. We also present EyesOn, an open source framework designed to automate historical and complexity metrics tracking of HDL projects.
A 1.7 volts operating CMOS 64K bit E/sup 2/ PROM (1989)

A E2PROM is an ideal nonvolatile memory device which can be electrically erased and programmed. Two broad application fields have demanded a wide operating voltage range and low power consumption E2PROM. One is the field of the IC cards. A great number of the IC cards having the E'PROM for satisfying the demand for their data reliability have been announced. The conventional IC card requires a data terminal and an on-line operation is premised. Recently consumer demand a stand alone (off-line operating) IC card which can operate with internal dry buttery. To realize off-line operation the wide operating voltage and low power consumption E3PROM is necessary
Specific modification of the carboxyl groups of hemoglobin S. (1983)

The reactivity of the carboxyl groups of hemoglobin S to form amide bonds with glycine ethyl ester by carbodiimide-activated coupling, and the influence of this derivatization on the functional properties of the protein have been investigated. Incubation of carbonmonoxy or oxyhemoglobin S with 20 mM 1-ethyl-3-(3'-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide in the presence of 100 mM [14C]glycine ethyl ester, at pH 6.0 and 23 degrees C for 1 h resulted in the modification of, on an average, three carboxyl groups of the protein. The Hill coefficient of the modified hemoglobin S was 2.7, indicating normal subunit interactions. The derivatization increased the oxygen affinity of the molecule (the P50 was lowered from 8.0 to 5.0). The derivatization also resulted in an increase in the minimum gelling concentration of hemoglobin S from 16 to 24 g/100 ml. The reaction conditions used for the derivatization of the carboxyl groups of hemoglobin S are very selective for the protein carboxyl groups; very little of the label is associated with the heme carboxyls. Tryptic peptide mapping of the modified hemoglobin S indicated that the peptide beta T5, i.e. the segment representing amino acid residues 41 to 59 of beta-chain, accounted for nearly 75% of the label associated with the globin, demonstrating the high selectivity of the derivatization. Sequence analysis of the derivatized beta T5 demonstrated that at least 65% of the label incorporated into hemoglobin S is targeted toward the carboxyl group of Glu-43(beta), identifying it as the most reactive carboxyl group in hemoglobins. The results suggest that modification of the carboxyl group of hemoglobins S, presumably the gamma-carboxyl of Glu-43(beta), reduces the propensity of deoxyhemoglobin S to polymerize.
Fire and ice in the Midlands : MPO KwaZulu-Natal (2007)

The last week of June 2007 saw the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands experiencing some of the most devastating forest fires in decades. The Karkloof area was particularly hard hit with over 13 000 ha of commercial forest destroyed. Numerous homesteads belonging to smallholders, farmers and farm workers were damaged or destroyed, some people losing everything they owned.
Minimizing Energy Losses: Optimal Accommodation and Smart Operation of Renewable Distributed Generation (2010)

The problem of minimizing losses in distribution networks has traditionally been investigated using a single, deterministic demand level. This has proved to be effective since most approaches are generally able to also result in minimum overall energy losses. However, the increasing penetration of (firm and variable) distributed generation (DG) raises concerns on the actual benefits of loss minimization studies that are limited to a single demand/generation scenario. Here, a multiperiod AC optimal power flow (OPF) is used to determine the optimal accommodation of (renewable) DG in a way that minimizes the system energy losses. In addition, control schemes expected to be part of the future Smart Grid, such as coordinated voltage control and dispatchable DG power factor, are embedded in the OPF formulation to explore the extra loss reduction benefits that can be harnessed with such technologies. The trade-off between energy losses and more generation capacity is also investigated. The methodology is applied to a generic U.K. distribution network and results demonstrate the significant impact that considering time-varying characteristics has on the energy loss minimization problem and highlight the gains that the flexibility provided by innovative control strategies can have on both loss minimization and generation capacity.
The Complexities and Potential of Theorizing Gender, Caste, Race, and Class (2002)

Most economists have not yet grappled with the demands of intersectional scholarship, which recognizes the intertwined nature of gender, race, class, caste and other influences on the economic situation of individuals and groups. Among economists, feminist economists may have made the most progress and be best positioned to break further ground, though we can do better and much remains to be done. This article synthesizes the case for intersectional work, reviews the state of the economic literature, describes the contributions of the articles in this special issue of Feminist Economics on "gender, color, caste and class, " and sketches directions for the future.
Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors (2005)

The Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) comprises morphologically heterogeneous tumors that are characterized by nonrandom chromosomal translocations involving the EWS gene and one of several members of the ETS family of transcription factors. The translocation t(11;22)(q24;q12) is the most common and leads to the formation of the EWS-FLI1 fusion protein, which contributes to ESFT pathogenesis by modulating the expression of target genes. Tumors may be composed of small uniform cells with minimal morphologic evidence of differentiation, or they may be composed of larger, less uniform cells with varying degrees of neuroectodermal differentiation. CD99 expression is identified in nearly all ESFT and constitutes a useful positive marker when used as part of a panel of immunostains that can help rule out other differential diagnostic considerations. Molecular diagnostic tests commonly used to detect the presence of ESFT-specific translocations include RT-PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Current therapy for patients with ESFT includes chemotherapy and surgery with or without radiation therapy. At present, the most significant prognostic factor for patients with ESFT is whether the disease is localized or metastatic.
Recombinant human uncoupling protein‐3 increases thermogenesis in yeast cells (1999)

The long form of human uncoupling protein-3 (hUCP3L) is highly homologous to thermogenin (UCPI), the uncoupling protein of brown fat mitochondria, but is expressed predominantly in skeletal muscle. Its putative role is to regulate the coupling efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation and thus thermogenesis in skeletal muscle, a major thermogenic tissue in higher mammals. To study the functional relevance of hUCP3L, the protein was expressed in yeast cells under the control of the galactose promoter. Expression of hUCP3L induced a series of phenotype changes in the yeast cells. The cellular growth and the mitochondrial membrane potential were both diminished. The portion of cellular respiration coupled to oxidative phosphorylation decreased from 57% to 11% (P<0.001) and the cellular heat production, as measured by direct microcalorimetry, was increased by 33.3 +/- 3.2% (P<0.001) after induction of UCP3L. These observations demonstrate for the first time the intrinsic thermogenic properties of hUCP3L in intact cells.
Bacillus subtilis acyl carrier protein is encoded in a cluster of lipid biosynthesis genes (1996)

A cluster of Bacillus subtilis fatty acid synthetic genes was isolated by complementation of an Escherichia coli fabD mutant encoding a thermosensitive malonyl coenzyme A-acyl carrier protein transacylase. The B. subtilis genomic segment contains genes that encode three fatty acid synthetic proteins, malonyl coenzyme A-acyl carrier protein transacylase (fabD), 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (fabG), and the N-terminal 14 amino acid residues of acyl carrier protein (acpP). Also present is a sequence that encodes a homolog of E. coli plsX, a gene that plays a poorly understood role in phospholipid synthesis. The B. subtilis plsX gene weakly complemented an E. coli plsX mutant. The order of genes in the cluster is plsX fabD fabG acpP, the same order found in E. coli, except that in E. coli the fabH gene lies between plsX and fabD. The absence of fabH in the B. subtilis cluster is consistent with the different fatty acid compositions of the two organisms. The amino acid sequence of B. subtilis acyl carrier protein was obtained by sequencing the purified protein, and the sequence obtained strongly resembled that of E. coli acyl carrier protein, except that most of the protein retained the initiating methionine residue. The B. subtilis fab cluster was mapped to the 135 to 145 degrees region of the chromosome.
Isolation and in vitro Cultivation of an Unidentified Ciliate Causing Scuticociliatosis in Japanese Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). (1993)

The ciliate causing scuticociliatosis in Japanese flounder was isolated, and axenic cultures were established. Sterilization of the ciliate was accomplished by serial washing with capillary pipettes. Growth of the ciliate was compared in different dilutions of Millport S solution containing 2% proteose peptone and 1% yeast extract at different temperatures. Optimum growth was obtained at dilution of 1 : 2 (osmolarity : 438 mOsm) at 22.5-27.5°C with a maximum cell density of 1.0×104 cells/ml.
Nested named entity recognition (2009)

Many named entities contain other named entities inside them. Despite this fact, the field of named entity recognition has almost entirely ignored nested named entity recognition, but due to technological, rather than ideological reasons. In this paper, we present a new technique for recognizing nested named entities, by using a discriminative constituency parser. To train the model, we transform each sentence into a tree, with constituents for each named entity (and no other syntactic structure). We present results on both newspaper and biomedical corpora which contain nested named entities. In three out of four sets of experiments, our model outperforms a standard semi-CRF on the more traditional top-level entities. At the same time, we improve the overall F-score by up to 30% over the flat model, which is unable to recover any nested entities.
Oil, the Ogoni and Nigeria: A Conversation with Barine Yorbe TeeKate (1999)

Research Article| May 01 1999 Oil, the Ogoni and Nigeria: A Conversation with Barine Yorbe TeeKate Lisa Brock Lisa Brock Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Radical History Review (1999) 1999 (74): 25–30. https://doi.org/10.1215/01636545-1999-74-25 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Lisa Brock; Oil, the Ogoni and Nigeria: A Conversation with Barine Yorbe TeeKate. Radical History Review 1 May 1999; 1999 (74): 25–30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/01636545-1999-74-25 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsRadical History Review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright © 1999 by MARHO: The Radical Historians' Organization, Inc.1999 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal Issue Section: Feature Articles You do not currently have access to this content.
Alkylresorcinols in Fruit Pulp and Leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. (2000)

These studies were undertaken to characterise resorcinolic lipids (5-n-alk(en)ylresorcinols) composition and to determine their seasonal fluctuations in fruit pulp and leaves of Ginkgo biloba L. Resorcinolic lipid concentrations were consistently higher in fruit pulp than in leaves. In pulp, several mono- and di-unsaturated homologs of alkylresorcinols were the predominant group of analysed lipids. Contrary to the fruit pulp, only 5-n-pentadecylresorcinol was demonstrated in leaves. Initially, the alkylresorcinol's content both in pulp and leaves increased until June-July and decreased following seeds ripening. This trend continued until senescence of leaves in late September and October.
Measuring cavitation and its cleaning effect (2015)

The advantages and limitations of techniques for measuring the presence and amount of cavitation, and for quantifying the removal of contaminants, are provided. After reviewing chemical, physical, and biological studies, a universal cause for the cleaning effects of bubbles cannot yet be concluded. An "ideal sensor" with high spatial and temporal resolution is proposed. Such sensor could be used to investigate bubble jetting, shockwaves, streaming, and even chemical effects, by correlating cleaning processes with cavitation effects, generated by hydrodynamics, lasers or ultrasound.
Simulator of Water Tank Level Control System Using PID-Controller (2008)

The difficulty of a Water Tank Level Control System (WTLCS) is often operates under unstable condition such as above setpoint level or below setpoint level. The unstable condition normally contributes to damage of devices and equipments of a process plant. However, this problem can be solved by introducing feedback controller by visualizing it using interactive simulator. One of the feedback controller is a Proportional (P) controller. Nonetheless, the P controller has drawbacks to control the non-linearity of a water level. The aim of this paper is to present the implementation of a PID controller to control virtual WTLCS. The P controller and PID controller is implemented in a WTLCS virtual model which has been developed using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 (VB). The both P and PID controller have been compared. The simulation result shows that the PID controller gives better control system response as compared to P controller.
Accident patterns and prospects for maintaining the safety of older drivers (2014)

The demographic shift and increased mobility especially in the group of the elderly drivers will induce a greater focus on transport safety for older people. The project Safer Mobility for Elderly Road Users (SaMERU) was intended to significantly contribute to a debate at the European level about this topic. The report originates from the EU-supported project and presents selected results. It discusses the actual risk of driving in old age as well as approaches and alternatives for age-friendly auto-mobility and their implementation. These are illustrated using examples from selected European cities and communities. Part of the SaMERU project was to assess the risks to older transport users, based on scientific work and detailed analysis on accident figures. However, during the SaMERU project there have been a number of issues relating to the analysis of accident data: Firstly, the word “risk” is often used with different meanings; secondly, comparing accident statistics in Europe is difficult for different reasons. The age spectrum of seniors also requires a differentiated approach because they are a heterogeneous group. Increased age results in various skills being subjected to age-related limitations. As well as age-related changes, a number of illnesses, and the medication taken for them, can influence mobility, in particular the driving ability of elderly people. As part of the political and social debate, recommendations and possibilities for a safe form of mobility for elderly people are being discussed. Driving in the elderly is positively correlated to quality of life, functional independence, and physical and spiritual well-being. As such, there should be a focus on maintaining the driving ability of elderly drivers through active training in simulators or real traffic; training for diminished body strength, agility and stamina; cognitive training; mobility advice; and road education. It is also recommended that communication should be improved between doctors and patients in terms of mobility advice. Another key factor is sustainable town planning and transport planning that adequately takes into consideration the requirements and age limitations of this target group. This should include a number of various aspects. Accessibility, transport options and civil infrastructure should all be incorporated into planning. The report mainly discusses the structural measures which contribute to this goal.
Query by music segments: an efficient approach for song retrieval (2002)

We present the techniques for retrieving songs by music segments. A music segment consists of a segment type and the associated beat and pitch information. The similarity measures for the beat and pitch are defined. Two index structures for music segments are proposed, in which the minimal and maximal values of the beat and pitch of the music segments are stored to aid the song retrieval process. Moreover, the threshold propagation functions are developed for efficient approximate searching. Experiments are performed to show the superiority of this approach.
Wetting-Induced Budding of Vesicles in Contact with Several Aqueous Phases (2012)

Osmotic deflation of vesicles enclosing two liquid phases can lead to bulging of one of the phases from the vesicle body. This budding process is preceded by a complete to partial wetting transition of one of the liquid phases on the membrane and depends on the membrane tensions and the tension of the interface between the enclosed liquid phases. These tensions dominate in different morphology regimes, the crossover of which initiates the budding process. In addition, the degree of budding can be controlled by aspiration via micropipets. We also demonstrate that the budding direction can be reversed if there are two external phases in contact with the vesicle.
HIV in adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa (2009)

Young people in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly young women, continue to bear the brunt of the HIV epidemic. Adolescents must be an important focus for HIV prevention programming and research. It is increasingly clear that multilevel approaches to prevention will be required to reduce rates of HIV in this age group.