gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Time-resolved phase microscopy for the study of laser-material interactions in optical materials (2016)

Laser-materials interactions at high intensity have important implications for many scientific and industrial applications. In order to gain knowledge on the physical processes that occur in such processes, i.e., material excitation and response to the laser irradiation at different time scales, experimental tools that allow to observe and analyze in-situ and in real time these interactions are very valuable. For this purpose there exists a large variety of pump/probe techniques that are based on the monitoring of the change of properties of a probe beam (reflection, transmission, phase shift, etc) passing in an area where a pump beam induces the material modifications. With the use of very short laser pulses, a high temporal resolution can be obtained on the material response dynamic. By implementing such techniques in a microscope configuration it is also possible to obtain information on the excited zone with high spatial resolution. In such a configuration if one wants to obtain a complete picture of the material properties at a particular time, ie optically the real and complex part of the refractive index, it is necessary to acquire simultaneously amplitude and phase images of the excited zone. For that purpose time-resolved digital holography has gained a lot of interest in the last years. The technique is however relatively complex to implement and requires specific algorithms for the phase retrieval. In this talk we will discuss on an alternative technique to obtain time-resolved intensity and phase images of an ultrafast event based on direct wavefront analysis of a probe beam. Based on the described system and methodology we will present results for different cases: direct quantitative measurement of the third order non-linear optical properties of optical materials and analysis of laser energy deposition leading to damage and ablation of dielectric optical coatings. It will be shown that the technique combines different advantages: straightforward, highly sensitive, self calibrated and high spatial resolution. Eventually the experimental results will be compared to numerical simulations based on the Keldysh photo-ionization rate and the description of impact ionization by a multiple-rate-equation system, taking into account transient optical properties of the materials during the pulse.
Stress Relaxation Behavior of Bidisperese Polystyrenes in Shear and Biaxial Extension (2013)

Two bidisperse PS samples B1 and B2 (blend of monodisperse polystyrenes) are employed to investigate the effects of bimodal molecular weight distribution on damping behavior of stress relaxation in shear and biaxial extension. The order of characteristic relaxation times, reptation time τd and contraction time τs of each component, for B1 is (τs,1 < τs,2 < τd,1 <τd,2) and that for B2 is (τs,1 < τd,1 < τs,2 < τd,2), where suffixes 1 and 2 denote lower and higher molecular weight component respectively. Time dependent damping functions in shear h(t,γ) and in biaxial extension hB(t,εB) are employed to confirm the time-strain separability for bidisperse polymer systems. Time dependent damping functions of B1 are almost constant, but B2 vary with time in both shear and biaxial extension. To investigate effects of reptative constraint release (RCR) via double reptation scheme and convective constrain release (CCR) in shear and biaxial stress relaxation for bidisperse polymer systems, we use multi-mode extension of the Ianniruberuto and Marrucci (IM) model and the Mead-Larson-Doi (MLD) model. The model predictions of h(t,γ) and hB(t,εB) well describe experimental tendency. Time dependent damping functions become independent of time after contraction of long chain and the multi mode model prediction seems almost the same strain dependence. Effect of CCR is very important to describe damping behavior for bidisperse polymer systems.
Muconic acid in urine: A reliable indicator of occupational exposure to benzene (1994)

In male subjects not occupationally exposed to benzene, the concentration of muconic acid (MA) in urine is usually below 0.5 mg/g creatinine. At ambient levels of benzene exposure (below 0.01 ppm), the mean MA level was greater in 21 smokers than in 14 nonsmokers. In 38 male subjects employed in garages and coke ovens, a statistically significant correlation was found between the airborne concentration of benzene measured with passive monitors and MA in postshift urine. The mean postshift MA concentrations corresponding to a benzene 8-hour time-weighted average exposure (TWA) of 0.5 and 1 ppm were 0.8 and 1.4 mg/g creatinine, respectively.
Assignment of configuration of cis,trans-4-phosphorinanols. X-ray analysis of trans-1-methyl-4-tert-butyl-4-phosphorinanol (1972)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAssignment of configuration of cis,trans-4-phosphorinanols. X-ray analysis of trans-1-methyl-4-tert-butyl-4-phosphorinanolAndrew T. McPhail, Patricia A. Luhan, Sidney I. Featherman, and Louis D. QuinCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1972, 94, 6, 2126–2127Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1972Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1972https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00761a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00761a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views28Altmetric-Citations22LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Computational Chemical Analysis of the Chiral Recognition of Binuclear Copper (II) of N-Salicylidene (R)-2-Amino-1,2-<i>bis</i>(2-butoxy-5-<i>tert</i>.butylphenyl)-3-phenyl-1-propanol in Liquid Chromatography (1994)

Abstract The chiral recognition of a binuclear copper (II) complex of N-salicylidene-(R)-2-amino-1,2-bis(2-butoxy-5-tert.-butylphenetyl)-3-phenyl-1-propanol was analyzed by computational chemical calculation. The difference in the final energy calculated by molecular mechanics indicated the elution order of enantiomers on this chiral selective molecule.
Dielectronic recombination for boronlike ions (1998)

We have calculated the total dielectronic recombination (DR) coefficients for the ${}^{2}{P}_{1/2}$ and ${}^{2}{P}_{3/2}$ states in B-like ${\mathrm{Ti}}^{17+},$ ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{21+},$ and ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{37+}$ ions for electron temperatures $0.1<~T<~10000$ eV. The calculations are carried out using the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock method in intermediate coupling with a configuration interaction. We find that accurate Coster-Kronig energies are critical for a successful determination of low-temperature DR coefficients. We also find that the DR involving fine-structure excitations can be as important as the $2s\ensuremath{-}2p$ excitation channels in the low-temperature regime for some ions.
Síntesis del 10,11-epoxi-carbamazepina (CBZ-E) mediante el empleo de un método triboquímico (2007)

La carbamazepina (CBZ) (5Hdibenzo[ b,f]azepine-5-carboxamida)1 es un fármaco bluckbuster que se utiliza como antiepiléptico, analgésico, antimaníaco2 y antinarcótico.3 Uno de los metabolitos hepáticos con mayor significación farmacológica, el 10,11-epoxi-carbamazepina (CBZ-E),4 constituye un potencial patrón de referencia e interesante sustrato para estudios de farmacocinética clínica y toxicología debido a su similar actividad farmacológica. En Cuba tiene un amplio uso (> 100 000 pacientes) en la práctica clínica y para el tratamiento de patologías neurológicas como la epilepsia
Reconstruction of 3D Urban Scenes Using a Moving Lidar Sensor (2013)

In this report, we propose algorithms which interpret and display 3D environments.The input of this procedure is a LiDAR sensor mounted atop of a car. The sensor outputs a data stream covering more than 100 meters radius of space, collecting data at 15Hz. The recording is done in real environment on the streets of Budapest in real time, while the processing is offline, implemented on CPU keeping in mind the future implementation on GPUs to reach real time data processing. The aim is to segment several region classes (such as roads, building walls, vegetation) and to identify specified objects (such as people, vehicles, traffic signs) in the point clouds through a presegmentation step. To achieve this classification, we need several features such as the color and geometrical properties of the specified objects and their possible geometrical and physical interactions. Also, we need to take into account the time domain features calculated based on the LiDAR data stream. After this presegmentation step we are able to reconstruct building facades in 3D and to track the detected objects in the 3D space. Also, in the future, this processed data set can be registered against 2D images provided by conventional cameras to reproduce realistic, colored 3D virtual
Coxsackie A9 Virus: Mutation from Drug Dependence to Drug Independence (1965)

During the multiplication of Coxsackie A9 virus dependent on 2 - (alpha - hydroxybenzyl) - benzimidazole there arise some drug-independent virus particles, which are either drug-resistant or drug-sensitive. We studied the properties of such revertant particles under conditions which did not favor the selection of resistant over sensitive virus particles. These particles exhibited a wide range of responses to 2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-benzimidazole, from high sensitivity to high resistance. Subclones showed the same degree of sensitivity or resistance as the respective parent clones.
Identification of exposed epitopes on the envelope glycoproteins of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) (1998)

Several lines of evidence underscore the important role of the humoral response specific for HTLV-I envelope protein in the protection against viral infection. One approach to producing efficient immunogens is to synthesize peptides corresponding to the primary amino-acid sequence of neutralizing epitopes found in the external sub-unit gp46. In this study, we have selected synthetic peptides overlapping the major linear neutralizing determinants described earlier and used them as immunogens in rabbits and mice. All rabbit polyclonal anti-sera raised against peptides recognized epitopes in a denaturated context as well as MAbs raised against the HB peptide (aa287-311). By contrast, synthetic peptides O (aa89-110), HH (aa190-209), T (aa190-212) and HB (aa287-311) have generated antibodies efficiently binding their epitopes in a native context, suggesting that these domains are well exposed both at the heterodimer and at the oligomer surface. None of the antibodies induced by synthetic peptides show in vitro neutralizing properties, even those with a good capacity to bind the native form of HTLV-I envelope proteins.
The first examples of carbon monoxide trapping in a manganese(III)-induced oxidation system (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThe first examples of carbon monoxide trapping in a manganese(III)-induced oxidation systemIlhyong Ryu and Howard AlperCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 16, 7543–7544Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00069a080https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00069a080research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views367Altmetric-Citations32LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
PHENYLEPHRINE-INDUCED HYPERTENSION DECREASES THE EXTENT OF ISCHEMIA FOLLOWING MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION IN THE RAT (1988)

The Departments of Anesthesia of the Veterans' Administration Medical Center, San Diego, the University of California San Diego, the Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul Korea, and Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California.
New Gyro Drilling Technology Delivers Accurate Azimuth and Real Time Quality Control for All Well Trajectories (2014)

Abstract In response to the increasing demand for a reduction in the uncertainty of wellbore placement to minimise drilling risks and potential liabilities, a new gyro survey tool capable of operating at any attitude during the drilling process has been developed; an all attitude gyro while drilling tool. Gyro survey systems determine the direction of the survey tool in the wellbore, the tool azimuth, using measurements of the horizontal components of Earth's rotation in a process known as gyro compassing or north finding. Current gyro while drilling systems are based on angular rate measurements taken about two axes only. These measurement axes are both perpendicular to the direction of the wellbore and perpendicular to each. While two-axis systems provide accurate estimates of azimuth near vertical, this accuracy degrades as inclination increases, with the azimuth becoming indeterminate due to a mathematical singularity at 90 degrees inclination. To overcome this, an additional rate measurement about the along-hole axis of the tool needs to be performed. Only gyro instruments with 3 orthogonal sensitive axes, as adopted in the new tool, are capable of measuring the full horizontal Earth rate signal in all wellbore geometries. This paper describes a number of innovative technological advances that have allowed all attitude gyro while drilling to become a reality, including: a brand new gyroscope designed specifically for the down hole drilling environment a new system mechanisation to control gyro biases a signal processing technique known as Continuous Adaptive Processing that estimates the g-sensitive bias errors at each gyrocompass station a more robust quality control scheme The new high angle gyro while drilling system is well suited to handle any wellbore placement needs. These include high inclination kick-offs, in-fill drilling, relief wells, and the provision of improved accuracy in east-west wells. With the improved reliability of the data comes increased confidence that the resulting survey is representative of the true wellbore trajectory. The detection of gross errors can also be accomplished by comparing real time gyro while drilling and MWD data. Further, with the memory multishot capability that is available, reliable high accuracy surveys from section TD to surface are generated verifying both MWD and gyro while drilling performance on the trip out eliminating the need for separate and rig time dependent gyroscopic surveys. Finally, a number of case studies are presented to illustrate the performance capabilities of the new gyro system over a range of well trajectories and latitudes. The all attitude gyro while drilling system not only allows the survey reliability goals to become a reality in a cost effective manner - as set out in the earlier QC papers published in conjunction with the SPE Well Positioning Technical Section - but also does this real time, while drilling.
Detection of orbital fluctuations above the structural transition temperature in the iron pnictides and chalcogenides (2012)

We use point-contact spectroscopy (PCS) to probe $AE{\text{Fe}}_{2}A{s}_{2}$ ($AE=\text{Ca,}\phantom{\rule{4.pt}{0ex}}\text{Sr,}\phantom{\rule{4.pt}{0ex}}\text{Ba}$) and ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{1+\mathrm{y}}\mathrm{Te}$. For $AE=\text{Sr},\text{Ba}$ we detect orbital fluctuations above ${T}_{S}$ while for $AE=\text{Ca}$ these fluctuations start below ${T}_{S}$. Co doping preserves the orbital fluctuations while K doping suppresses it. The fluctuations are only seen at those dopings and temperatures where an in-plane resistive anisotropy is known to exist. We predict an in-plane resistive anisotropy of ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{1+\mathrm{y}}\mathrm{Te}$ above ${T}_{S}$. Our data are examined in light of the recent work by Lee and Phillips (arXiv:1110.5917v2). We also study how joule heating in the PCS junctions impacts the spectra. Spectroscopic information is only obtained from those PCS junctions that are free of heating effects while those PCS junctions that are in the thermal regime display bulk resistivity phenomena.
Effect of thymectomy on the termination of immunological tolerance in rabbits (1964)

IT is well established that the thymus plays an important part in the neonatal development of the immune mechanisms. Thymectomy during early life inhibits the rejection of homografts made later1,2. Similarly, animals thymectomized during early life show a decreased ability to produce circulating antibodies, while thymectomy during adult life has no apparent effect on the production of circulating antibodies3–6. Rabbits thymectomized within five days after birth showed either the absence of or greatly reduced response to injections of bovine serum albumin (BSA)7. Although the thymus appears to exert its influence primarily during the neonatal period, it also can function during adult life in that thymectomy pro longs the recovery of immunological capacity following X-radiation8–11. Furthermore, Claman and Talmage12 have shown that adult mice made tolerant by neonatal injection of bovine γ-globulin do not spontaneously lose their tolerant state so rapidly if the thymus is removed. They interpreted their data as supporting the hypothesis that immunological tolerance occurs through irreversible inhibition or death of competent cells and that the loss of tolerance occurs through the development of newly arisen (uninhibited) cells which may originate in the thymus.
Stable Production of Gasoline-Ranged Hydrocarbons from Dimethyl Ether over Iron-Modified ZSM-22 Zeolite (2018)

In this work, we developed metal-modified ZSM-22 zeolites for the application of converting dimethyl ether (DME) to gasoline-ranged hydrocarbons. ZSM-22 zeolite samples were modified by microwave-assisted ion exchange with nitrates of iron, nickel, copper, cobalt, and calcium. In the meantime, the acidity of the ZSM-22 zeolite was noticeably changed on the basis of the type of metal. The H-ZSM-22 zeolite showed a high selectivity to light olefins (72%). The iron-modified ZSM-22 zeolite showed a stable catalytic activity (more than 3 h) and a high olefin selectivity (54%). A strong hydrogenation behavior was observed over the nickel-modified sample, in which DME was converted to ethane, while copper, cobalt, and calcium showed a very low DME conversion combined with high selectivity to aromatics and hexane, which can be attributed to the pore blockage. Interestingly, the copper-modified sample showed a high initial selectivity to ethylene. The calcium-modified catalyst showed the lowest textural properties with very low acidity, as observed by the temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia analysis. This study will open a plethora of further research and application of the ZSM-22 zeolite and other medium-pore zeolites as catalysts for the DME to gasoline process.
Advanced Anterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse (Stage III and IV) (2004)

Pelvic organ prolapse and pelvic floor relaxation are common problems in older multiparouswomen, affecting 16% of women aged 40-56 (1). A detailed knowledge of pelvic anatomy is paramount for the proper evaluation and management of such patients. Pelvic support defectsresult from both neurophysiologic and anatomic changes (2) and often occur as a constellationof abnormal findings. Although a thorough pelvic examination is always indicated, evenexperienced clinicians may be misled by the physical findings, having difficulty differentiatingamong cystocele, enterocele, and high rectocele by physical examination alone. Depending onthe position of the patient, strength of Valsalva maneuver, and modesty of the patient, thesurgeon may be limited in his or her ability to accurately diagnose the components of pelvicprolapse. Furthermore, with uterine prolapse, the cervix and uterus may fill the entire introitus,making the diagnosis of concomitant pelvic prolapse even more difficult. Regardless of theetiology of the support defect, the surgeon must identify all aspects of vaginal prolapse andpelvic floor relaxation for proper surgical planning. Accurate preoperative staging shouldreduce the risk of recurrent prolapse. Radiographic evaluation plays an important role in theidentification of these defects, and should be used as an extension of the physical examination.II. ANATOMY
Redução da função sistolica e diastolica do ventriculo esquerdo, estimada pela velocidade do anel mitral, em pacientes hipertensos com e sem hipertrofia ventricular (2006)

Epidemiological studies have established a continuous relationship between the left ventricular (LV) mass and cardiovascular risk in the general and hypertensive population.
ChemInform Abstract: Fumaflorine, a New 1‐Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid from Fumaria densiflora. (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Learning Networking by Reproducing Research Results (2017)

In the past five years, the graduate networking course at Stanford has assigned over 200 students the task of reproducing results from over 40 networking papers. We began the project as a means of teaching both engineering rigor and critical thinking, qualities that are necessary for careers in networking research and industry. We have observed that reproducing research can simultaneously be a tool for education and a means for students to contribute to the networking community. Through this editorial we describe our project in reproducing network research and show through anecdotal evidence that this project is important for both the classroom and the networking community at large, and we hope to encourage other institutions to host similar class projects.