gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of point targets in image sequences by hypothesis testing: a temporal test first approach (1999)

This paper addresses the problem of designing an efficient and effective image sequence processing scheme that will successfully detect very small (point) targets in a cluttered background when both the target and clutter are moving through the image scene. The specific application area was detection of targets such as airplanes in infrared (IR) image sequences of a cloudy sky which have been taken by a stationary camera. In general we assume that targets are typically one to two pixels in extent and move only a fraction of a pixel per frame, are often low amplitude, and are found in scenes which also contain evolving clutter, e.g. clouds. Our algorithm is based on signal processing and detection theory, includes a perfect measurement performance analysis, and can be made computationally efficient compared to other approaches. Thus the algorithm could be applicable to other image sequence processing scenarios, using other acquisition systems besides IR, such as detection of small moving objects or structures in a biomedical or biological imaging scenario or the detection of satellites, meteors or other celestial bodies in night sky imagery acquired using a telescope. We present a GLRT solution, perfect measurement analysis including ROC curves, and results using real-world infrared data.
Allelic loss of the loci containing the androgen synthesis gene, <i>StAR</i>, is prognostic for relapse in intermediate‐risk prostate cancer (2011)

Allelic losses of the loci containing StAR and HSD17B2 have significant prognostic value for intermediate-risk prostate cancer. With this hypothesis generating information future studies should test StAR and HSD17B2 losses as biomarkers of androgen response in combined modality protocols.
Factors Associated With Lack of Vision Improvement in Children With Cortical Visual Impairment (2017)

Most of the children with CVI showed improvement in vision. Older age at presentation, but not etiology of CVI, was associated with poor improvement in VA.
Bidirectional Non-Filamentary RRAM as an Analog Neuromorphic Synapse, Part I: Al/Mo/Pr<sub>0.7</sub>Ca<sub>0.3</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub> Material Improvements and Device Measurements (2017)

We report on material improvements to non-filamentary RRAM devices based on Pr <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.7</sub> Ca <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.3</sub> MnO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> by introducing an MoOx buffer layer together with a reactive Al electrode, and on device measurements designed to help gauge the performance of these devices as bidirectional analog synapses for on-chip acceleration of the backpropagation algorithm. Previous Al/PCMO devices exhibited degraded LRS retention due to the low activation energy for oxidation of the Al electrode, and Mo/PCMO devices showed low conductance contrast. To control the redox reaction at the metal/PCMO interface, we introduce a 4-nm interfacial layer of conducting MoOx as an oxygen buffer layer. Due to the controlled redox reaction within this Al/Mo/PCMO device, we observed improvements in both retention and conductance on/off ratio. We confirm bidirectional analog synapse characteristics and measure “jump-tables” suitable for large scale neural network simulations that attempt to capture complex and stochastic device behavior [see companion paper]. Finally, switching energy measurements are shown, illustrating a path for future device research toward smaller devices, shorter pulses and lower programming voltages.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Evaluation of Some New 2,3,8‐Trisubstituted‐4(3H)‐quinazoline Derivatives. (2012)

Abstract A series of title compounds is prepared using (IV) as one of the key intermediates.
Natural Language Generation with Computational Intelligence [Guest Editorial] (2017)

The articles in this special section focus on using natural language generation techniques (NLG) and natural language processing (NLP) to build computational systems that generate reports and other kinds of text in human languages. NLG uses analytics, AI, and NLP to obtain relevant information about non-linguistic data and to generate textual summaries and explanations of these data which help people understand and benefit from them. In this regard, NLG is a research field that addresses the data-value chain by using natural language as a tool for bridging the gap between raw data and valuable information communicated to users in a comprehensible way, adapted to their information needs.
Angiography effectively supports the diagnosis of hepatic metastases in medullary thyroid carcinoma (2001)

BACKGROUND Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) belongs in the group of neuroendocrine tumors with early lymphatic and hepatic dissemination. A high rate of undetectable metastases is hypothesized to be responsible for the frequent mismatch between the apparent relatively small tumor burden and the elevated plasma tumor marker level. METHODS Thirty-six MTC patients with residual/recurrent biochemical signs (elevated basal calcitonin level) and/or characteristic general symptoms (diarrhea and/or flushing) were systematically examined by conventional radiology, whole-body 18F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET), dynamic liver computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and hepatic angiography. RESULTS Conventional diagnostic imaging revealed lymph node (LN) involvement in the cervical, mediastinal, supraclavicular, and axillary regions (16 cases), and multiple pulmonary (3 cases), bony (1 solitary and 1 multiple case), and breast (1 case) metastases. 18F-deoxyglucose PET identified all these extralymphatic metastatic lesions (except 2 cases with multiple pulmonary metastases), and also supradiaphragmatic LN involvement in 34 (94%) patients. In 32 (89%) cases, multiple small (generally ≤ 1 cm) hypervascular, hepatic metastases undetectable by other imaging methods were localized angiographically. Of the 23 original pathologic specimens investigated, 18 (78%) exhibited LN involvement. The smallest primary tumor in patients with hepatic metastases was 1 cm. CONCLUSIONS Hepatic angiography is recommended for primary staging in MTC patients with a primary tumor measuring 1 cm or larger, and/or pathologically proven LN involvement, and also during restaging for suspected recurrences to avoid unnecessary extensive surgical LN dissection in the neck and mediastinum. Cancer 2001;91:2084–95. © 2001 American Cancer Society.
Controlling Broad Mites [Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks)] Using Neoseiulus californicus McGregor and Sulfur After Transplanting Infested Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Seedlings in the Greenhouse (2005)

Pepper seedlings can be infested with broad mites prior to transplanting. Transplanted seedlings may not present visible mite damage symptoms and few microscopic mites will be undetected by growers. A rapid increase of the mite population can subsequently result in yield losses in greenhouse-grown crops. Control of broad mites based on biological ( N. californicus ) and conventional (sulfur) methods were evaluated after infested transplants were introduced into a production greenhouse. Seedlings were artificially infested with two broad mites, 3 days before they were transplanted in mid-September in a passively ventilated greenhouse in Florida. Plants had either two predatory mites released once [4 days after transplanting (DAT)], or twice (4 and 22 DAT), or were sprayed with sulfur (four weekly applications starting 13 DAT when first damage symptoms were noticed). Damage on plants was assessed by an injury scale transformed into percentage values, with 100% being total damage on untreated infested plants. Broad mites were absent in all plants 38 DAT but the damage caused to the plants at this time was negatively correlated ( r = –0.95) with marketable yield at 90 DAT. Plants produced no marketable yield where broad mites were not controlled. One or two releases of predators led to respective damages of 56% and 45%, and fruit yields of 2.0 and 3.0 kg·m -2 . Plants sprayed with sulfur had a damage of 7% after reaching a maximum of 74% at 18 DAT; however, yields were 4.3 kg·m -2 , which was similar to the yield obtained in the uninfested control treatment (4.6 kg·m -2 ). Releases of predators prior to transplanting and/or higher predator release densities may be needed under similar conditions and will be evaluated in a subsequent experiment.
THK5351 and flortaucipir PET with pathological correlation in a Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease patient: a case report (2019)

Our findings add pathological evidence that increased THK5351 uptake in sporadic CJD patients might be caused by an off-target binding driven by its high affinity for MAO-B.
Adaptive multi sensor based nonlinear identification of skeletal muscle force (2010)

Skeletal muscle force and surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals are closely related. Hence, the later can be used for the force estimation. Usually, the location for the sEMG sensors is near the respective muscle motor unit points. EMG signals generated by skeletal muscles are temporal and spatially distributed which results in cross talk that is recorded by different sEMG sensors. This research focuses on modeling muscle dynamics in terms of sEMG signals and the generated muscle force. Here, an array of three sEMG sensors is used to capture the information of the muscle dynamics in terms of sEMG signals and generated muscle force. Optimized nonlinear Half-Gaussian Bayesian filters and a Chebyshev type-II filter are used for the filtration of the sEMG signals and the muscle force signal, respectively. A Genetic Algorithm is used for the optimization of the filter parameters. sEMG and skeletal muscle force is modeled using multi nonlinear Auto Regressive eXogenous (ARX) and Wiener-Hammerstein models with different nonlinearity estimators/classes using System Identification (SI) for three sets of sensor data. An adaptive probabilistic Kullback Information Criterion (KIC) for model selection is applied to obtain the fusion based skeletal muscle force for each sensor first and then for the final outputs from each sensor. The approach yields good skeletal muscle force estimates.
Agonist-specific Transactivation of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Signaling Pathway Mediated by the Dopamine D2 Receptor (2003)

Bromocriptine, acting through the dopamine D2 receptor, provides robust protection against apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in PC12-D2R and immortalized nigral dopamine cells. We now report the characterization of the D2 receptor signaling pathways mediating the cytoprotection. Bromocriptine caused protein kinase B (Akt) activation in PC12-D2R cells and the inhibition of either phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), or c-Src eliminated the Akt activation and the cytoprotective effects of bromocriptine against oxidative stress. Co-immunoprecipitation studies showed that the D2 receptor forms a complex with the EGFR and c-Src that was augmented by bromocriptine, suggesting a cross-talk between these proteins in mediating the activation of Akt. EGFR repression by inhibitor or by RNA interference eliminated the activation of Akt by bromocriptine. D2 receptor stimulation by bromocriptine induced c-Src tyrosine 418 phosphorylation and EGFR phosphorylation specifically at tyrosine 845, a known substrate of Src kinase. Furthermore, Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor or dominant negative Src interfered with Akt translocation and phosphorylation. Thus, the predominant signaling cascade mediating cytoprotection by the D2 receptor involves c-Src/EGFR transactivation by D2 receptor, activating PI 3-kinase and Akt. We also found that the agonist pramipexole failed to stimulate activation of Akt in PC12-D2R cells, providing an explanation for our previous observations that, despite efficiently activating G-protein signaling, this agonist had little cytoprotective activity in this experimental system. These results support the hypothesis that specific dopamine agonists stabilize distinct conformations of the D2 receptor that differ in their coupling to G-proteins and to a cytoprotective c-Src/EGFR-mediated PI-3 kinase/Akt pathway.
STUDY OF X-RAY LASER SCHEMES USING NEW EXPERIMENTAL FACILITIES AT THE RUTHERFORD APPLETON LABORATORY (1986)

New experimental facilities have recently been developed at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory for line focus irradiation using the Vulcan Neodymium glass laser installation and for time-resolved spectroscopy of VUV emission. The system is designed for study of XUV lasers and has been used in a preliminary survey of several schemes. Particular emphasis has been placed on study of the CVI recombination laser using fibre targets of up to 2cm length. Measurements show clear evidence of amplification on the 18.2nm Hα transition in CVI.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. EINIGER RIBOFURANOSYL‐INDAZOLE (1970)

Abstract Indazol (I) kann zu (II) silyliert und dann mit 2,3,5‐Tri‐O‐acetyl‐D‐ribofuranosylbromid (III) kondensiert werden, wobei die beiden isomeren Kondensate (IVa) und (Va) entstehen, die zu (IVb) und (Vb) verseift werden.
Corneal Wound Healing Strength with Topical Antiinflammatory Drugs (1995)

The objective of this study was to compare the force required to separate corneal wounds after topical applications of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids. Bilateral central 8-mm long corneal full-thickness incisions in 50 NZW rabbits were closed with five interrupted 10-0 nylon sutures. There were four paired-eye groups: (a) control/control, (b) control/diclofenac sodium (0.1%), (c) control/flurbiprofen sodium (0.03%), and (d) control/prednisolone acetate (1%) treated six times per day for 7 or 21 days. The wound strength was measured by determining the force necessary to separate the incision along its length. The eyes did not differ statistically from their contralateral eye for each group except control/diclofenac (7.98 g/12.32 g) and control/flurbiprofen (6.96 g/11.67 g) at 21 days. The strongest scars occurred after treatment with diclofenac and flurbiprofen, which were similar (p = 0.74). The weakest wounds for each time period were with prednisolone (1.74 g/3.21 g). The diclofenac and flurbiprofen were stronger than prednisolone-treated eyes at 7 days (p = 0.028 and p = 0.023, respectively) and at 21 days (p < 0.001). The bilateral controls were stronger than the prednisolone controls (p = 0.008 at 7 days and p = 0.001 at 21 days). Steroid treatment caused weaker corneal wound scars than did the NSAIDs. Unilateral steroid treatment adversely affected their untreated contralateral eyes. The NSAID-treated wounds were the strongest and stronger than their contralateral control eyes.
Use of simple sets in isolating interferences in analyses of pesticide residues (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleUse of simple sets in isolating interferences in analyses of pesticide residuesDonald Wohlenberg and Dean BondermanCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1969, 17, 6, 1420–1421Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf60166a069https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60166a069research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views16Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detection of Staphylococci with Reduced Susceptibility to Glycopeptides (2002)

Detection of Staphylococci
Dietary Bile Acids and Lipid Metabolism. V. Reversibility of the Effects of Lithocholic Acid in Chicks (1964)

Chicks fed lithocholic acid for 3 weeks had elevated plasma lipid levels, increased liver size and depressed body weights in comparison to chicks fed a bile acid-free diet. Feeding a lithocholic acid-free diet to chicks previously fed the bile acid completely reversed all of the biochemical changes. Lithocholic acid also induced a marked proliferation of bile ductules in the livers of chicks which was reversed by feeding a lithocholic acid-free diet.
Left ventricular epicardial deformation in isolated arrested dog heart (1987)

We have developed a method for measuring epicardial deformation in the isolated arrested dog heart. A biplane video system was used to record the motion of discrete epicardial markers at midanterior sites (n = 4 hearts) and midposterior sites (n = 1) during quasi-static left ventricular (LV) filling. Experimental procedures, performed at room temperature, were completed within 20 min, and LV pressure-volume curves were repeatable and within the range of data presented by other authors. To obtain a complete description of local deformation, epicardial displacements derived from the video record were analyzed using homogeneous strain theory. Local epicardial strain was nonuniform; the mean ranges of midanterior major and minor extensions were 0–13.9 and 0-7.2%, respectively, for LV filling pressures of 0–20 mmHg. For the midanterior wall, the mean orientation of the major extension was 28–35 degrees below the LV circumference, compared with an orientation of approximately 62 degrees at the midposterior site. The results demonstrate the value of this preparation for studying passive ventricular mechanics and are not consistent with the predictions of mathematical models of ventricular stress and strain, in which it has been assumed that the material properties of the passive myocardium are isotropic.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of [60]Fullerene‐oligo(thienylene—ethynylene) Dyads. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Developing Falling-Ball Viscometer for Highly Flowable Cement-Based Materials (2007)

First Name is required invalid characters Last Name is required invalid characters Email Address is required Invalid Email Address Invalid Email Address
ChemInform Abstract: TELLURONIUM SALT CHEMISTRY: SOME FLUORIDES AND CARBOXYLATES (1982)

Abstract Frisch bereitete Silbersalze der entsprechenden Benzoesäuren reagieren mit Methyldiphenyltelluroniumiodid in der Siedehitze zu den Tellur(IV)‐carboxylaten (I).
Studies on Aldehydecollidine Derivatives The Synthesis of Polyamides having Pyridine Rings in the Main Chain (part 2) (1962)

2, 5-ジアミノメチルピリジンとメチルン基数3-8の二塩基酸とからそれぞれ相当するナイロン塩をつく蜘それらのナイロン塩の重縮合反応を行なって, 主鎖中にピジジン環を有するポリアミドを合成した。これらのポリアミドの性状についてこ塩基酸のメチルン基数による影響を調べた.さらに2, 5-ジアミノメチルピリジンとアジピン酸とから得られるポリアミドとナイロン66とを種々の割合で混合した共重合ポリアミドを得た。
Preoxygenation: Comparison of Maximal Breathing and Tidal Volume Techniques (2000)

ProfessorDepartment of AnesthesiologyUniversity of California San DiegoSan Diego, Californiajbenumof@ucsd.eduIn Reply:—Drs. Morrison and Videira make the valid point that pediatric patients desaturate faster than adults and that preoxygenation is especially indicated in several types of pediatric patients. In fact, I have previously reported complete apnea-oxyhemoglobin desaturation curves for various humans using computer modeling 1and have showed that a 10-kg pediatric patient will desaturate twice as fast as a 70-kg adult. Rather than offer a convoluted explanation as to how the words “obvious exclusion examples” were chosen, I agree the phrase is too broad and that Dr. Morrison provides examples of two patients who deserve to be preoxygenated.Dr. Salem et al. are probably correct with their hypothesis that Baraka et al. actually studied 10 to 12 deep breaths in 75 to 90 s rather than eight deep breaths in 60 s. In ongoing studies I have tried to repeat the Baraka et al. methodology. Even with extensive preoxygenation coaching of the patients, I have found that the preoxygenation process is always extended by at least 2 breaths beyond the intended period. In fact, if one wants to study eight deep breaths in 60 s, then the rapid sequence induction must be begun on the inspiratory limb of the sixth breath. I agree with the Salem et al. comment regarding the effect of an extended period of hyperventilation on shifting the oxyhemoglobin curve further to the left.In summary, I thank Drs. Morrison, Videira, and Salem for their thoughtful insights.
Introduction of disulfide bonds into <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> neutral protease (1993)

The effects of engineered disulfide bonds on autodigestion and thermostability of Bacillus subtilis neutral protease (NP-sub) were studied using site-directed mutagenesis. After modelling studies two locations that might be capable of forming disulfide bonds, both near previously determined autodigestion sites in NP-sub, were selected for the introduction of cysteines. Analysis of mutant enzymes showed that disulfide bonds were indeed formed in vivo, and that the mutant enzymes were fully active. The introduced disulfides did not alter the autodigestion pattern of the NP-sub. All mutant NP-subs exhibited decreased thermostability, which, by using reducing agents, was shown to be caused by the introduction of the cysteines and not by the formation of the disulfides. Mutants containing one cysteine exhibited intermolecular disulfide formation at elevated temperatures, which, however, was shown not to be the cause of the decreased thermostability. Combining the present data with literature data, it would seem that the introduction of disulfide bridges is unsuitable for the stabilization of proteases. Possible explanations for this phenomenon are discussed.
Bulk Electroluminescence from Conjugated Polymer Thin Films via the Formation of Gold Nanoislands (2008)

Electroluminescence from extremely large planar-polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) is demonstrated. By physical deposition of an ultrathin layer of gold on top of a polymer film, thousands of tiny light-emitting p–n junctions form upon the entire interelectrode spacing of 0.5 mm. This is attributed to the formation of gold nanoislands, which transform the emission profile from that of a single, narrow p–n junction to that of a more efficient bulk homojunction (see image), with 3.4-nm gold film deposited on top of the polymer film.
Development and Use of a Lee James Surface Cracked Specimen for Evaluating Chemistry and Flow Rate Effects in Realistic Cracks (2004)

Abstract Modifications and finite element analyses have been performed to adapt a surface cracked specimen developed by Lee James. The specimen design produces very tight, linear cracks that are approximately semi-circular and which closely simulate the nature of cracks that form in plant components. This is particularly important for studying flow rate effects.