gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Nitroalkyltetrazoles. Final report, January-September 1979 (1979)

The objective of this work was the synthesis of low hydrogen content 1- or 5-substituted polynitroalkytetrazoles utilizing as the starting materials several available polynitroalkyl azides and polynitroalkylnitriles. Fluorodinitroacetonitrile, trinitroacetonitrile, methyl cyanodinitroacetate, alkali salts of cyanodinitromethide, and fluorodinitroethyl azide were used in this work. The experimental approach to this goal was based on utilization of a well known condensation reaction of azides with nitriles yielding tetrazole derivatives. Two 5-substituted tetrazoles, 5-(fluorodinitromethyl)tetrazole and 5-(trinitromethyl)tetrazole, were obtained by reacting fluorodinitroacetonitrile and trinitroacetonitrile, respectively, with sodium azide and trimethylsilyl azide. These two tetrazoles were characterized as their ammonium salts. Methyl cyanoacetate did not form tetrazoles in its reaction with azides. Fluorodinitroethyl azide did not react with either sodium azide or organic azides.
SHREC '11 Track: Generic Shape Retrieval (2011)

In this paper we present the results of the 3D Shape Retrieval Contest 2011 (SHREC'11) track on generic shape retrieval. The aim of this track is to evaluate the performance of 3D shape retrieval algorithms that can operate on arbitrary 3D models. The benchmark dataset consists of 1000 3D objects classified in 50 categories. The 3D models are mainly classified based on visual shape similarity and each class has equal number of models to reduce the possible bias in evaluation results. Two groups have participated in the track with six methods in total.
Super-hard diamond indenter prepared from high-purity synthetic diamond crystal (2005)

The Knoop hardness in (001)⟨110⟩ of high-purity synthetic type IIa diamond crystal synthesized under high pressure and high temperature is known to be extremely high. Knoop indenters were prepared from the synthetic type IIa diamonds by taking the tip orientation to the hard crystal orientation of the diamonds, i.e., the z axis and the longitudinal direction of the indenter tip are parallel to the ⟨001⟩ and ⟨110⟩ direction of the crystal, respectively. Numerous indentation tests on diamond crystals revealed that the indenter is substantially rigid and has very high performance. The lifetime of the indenter was more than ten times longer than that of the conventional natural diamond indenter.
Use of 3-halo-1-azaallylic anions in heterocyclic chemistry (2003)

The synthetic potential of lithio 3-halo-1-azaallylic anions as building blocks in organic chemistry and especially in heterocyclic chemistry will be highlighted by the synthesis of functionalized imines, obtained after reaction of 3-halo-1-azaallylic anions with het- eroatom-substituted electrophiles. Thus, the latter generated functionalized imines are suitable building blocks for the synthesis of a whole range of heterocycles and physiologically active compounds, including agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. 3-Halo-1-azaallylic anions were used in the synthesis of N -alkyl-3,3-dichloroazetidines, 2,3-disubstituted pyrroles, piperidines, 2-substituted pyridines, 2-alkoxytetrahydrofurans,etc., from which a large range of useful and interesting chemicals can be produced, e.g., 2-azetines and 9-alkyl- 2-phenyl-3a-beta,4,6,7,8,9,9a-beta,9b-beta-octahydro-1 H -pyrrolo [3,4, h ]quinoline-1,3-diones. The utility of the present methodology is demonstrated by the synthesis of the pheromone (S)-manicone, the sulfur-containing flavor compound 2-[(methylthio)methyl ]-2-butenal, and some agrochemical and pharmaceutical compounds.
Light-induced metastable states in nitrosyl-compounds and their peculiar physical properties (2002)

Recently, vigorous search for new synthetic methodologies has been observed in the area of chemistry. It has been found that solid state with conformational restriction of molecules can be effectively used in various non-solvent processes, including solid-state synthesis. Majority of chemical reactions performed in the solvent-free conditions consider chemical transformation (photochemical, thermal etc.) of the single substrate. From the practical reason however, binary systems containing two different partners are of higher significance. Designing crystals of organic and organometallic compounds with appropriate orientation and distances between reacting groups is a new, challenging field in crystallochemistry. We propose the use of supramolecular synthons library (i.e. hydrogen bonding, ionic forces, --stacking etc.) for construction of such materials, dedicated for the non-solvent processes. The presented model system is based on anthracene derivatives that are functionalized in order to form binary crystals, further used for condensation reactions. The result of chemical transformation can be always rationalized on the basis of knowledge of crystal construction.
ChemInform Abstract: STEROIDANALOGE MIT NICHT NATUERLICHER KONFIG. 1. MITT. 4,4,14ALPHA‐TRIMETHYL‐19(10‐9BETA)ABEO‐10ALPHA‐PREGNENE‐(5) AUS CUCURBITACINEN (1970)

Abstract Bei der Behandlung der Cucurbitacinacetate (I) mit Pb‐tetraacetat in siedendem Benzol erfolgt Abspaltung der Seitenkette unter Bildung der Titelverbindungen (II).
Phase 1 study of epigenetic priming with decitabine prior to standard induction chemotherapy for patients with AML (2011)

We conducted an open-label phase 1 study exploring the feasibility, safety, and biologic activity of epigenetic priming with decitabine before standard induction chemotherapy in patients with less-than-favorable risk of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). We directly compared the clinical and DNA-hypomethylating activity of decitabine delivered at 20 mg/m² by either a 1-hour infusion (Arm A) or a continuous infusion (Arm B) for 3, 5, or 7 days before a single, standard induction with infusional cytarabine (100 mg/m² for 7 days) and daunorubicin (60 mg/m² × 3 doses). Toxicity was similar to that of standard induction chemotherapy alone. Although we did not identify a maximum tolerated dose, there was more gastro-intestinal toxicity with 7 days of decitabine priming. Decitabine induced DNA hypomethylation at all dose levels and there was a trend toward greater hypomethylation in CD34(+) bone marrow cells when decitabine was delivered by a short pulse (Arm A). Twenty-seven subjects (90%) responded to therapy: 17 with complete remission (57%) and 10 with partial remission (33%). Of the patients with partial remission to protocol treatment, 8 achieved remission to their next therapy, bringing the overall complete remission rate to 83%. We conclude that epigenetic priming of intensive chemotherapy can be safely delivered in an attempt to improve response rates. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00538876.
Spectral analysis of previewing controllers (1980)

Analytical expressions for the performance of optimal and suboptimal control policies in trajectory tracking problems are derived. Special attention is devoted to the finite preview problem. In the time-invariant infinite-duration case correspondence of the performance indices for finite energy, finite power, and stationary stochastic trajectories, all with the same spectral density, is established. Using this correspondence, the performance of different control policies is studied in the frequency domain. Simulation results demonstrate the facility of the theory of this paper.
INTERFERENCE BETWEEN POLIOMYELITIS VIRUSES IN TISSUE CULTURE (1954)

The inhibition of multiplication of one poliomyelitis virus by a poliomyelitis virus of another immunologic type has been established by using tissue cultures of monkey testes. The degree of interference varied from none, to partial, to complete, depending upon the time between inoculation of the interfering and the challenge viruses, and the amount of each virus inoculated. Reciprocal interference was demonstrated between Types 1, 2, and 3 poliomyelitis viruses. Under conditions which resulted in complete suppression of the growth of one poliomyelitis virus by another, interference by poliomyelitis virus with the multiplication of four antigenically distinct "orphan" viruses and of three antigenically related strains of Coxsackie virus could not be demonstrated. Poliomyelitis virus rendered non-infective by formalin or by irradiation with high energy electrons or with ultraviolet light, or treated so that only traces of residual active virus remained, failed to interfere with the propagation of active homologous virus.
Antibody-Catalysis of a Bimolecular Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction (2000)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTAntibody-Catalysis of a Bimolecular Asymmetric 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition ReactionJonathan D. Toker, Paul Wentworth,, Yunfeng Hu, K. N. Houk, and Kim D. JandaView Author Information Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology 10550 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla, California 92037 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, California 90095-0569 Cite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 13, 3244–3245Publication Date (Web):March 17, 2000Publication History Received20 December 1999Published online17 March 2000Published inissue 1 April 2000https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja994423ghttps://doi.org/10.1021/ja994423grapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2000 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views531Altmetric-Citations28LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Addition reactions,Biopolymers,Immunology,Peptides and proteins,Transition states Get e-Alerts
Increasing the credibility of MR spectroscopy-based automatic brain tumor classification systems (2014)

In the last decade many approaches have been introduced that allow for automatic classification of brain tumors by means of pattern recognition and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Despite promising classification accuracies, none of these methods has found its way into clinical practice, which is also related to the missing transparency for the basis of their decision making. In this work, we develop two methods to increase the interpretability of such classification systems. First we propose a new reliability measure that determines a lower bound for the probability that a particular classification is correct. Additionally, we present a method that visualizes important regions for the classifier directly in the spectral domain. As a basis for this, seven classification methods were evaluated for their performance in discriminating aggressive tumors, low-grade glioma and meningioma, based on a common database. Our results show that the novel reliability measure is in good agreement with the actual classification accuracy. Further we point out that our visualization method clearly indicates which spectral regions are important for a classifier and how metabolite concentrations correspond to specific tumor types. Combining both methods can help to better understand a classifier's decision and therefore make the outcome more transparent and trustworthy.
Glutathione Content of In Vivo and In Vitro Matured Canine Oocytes Collected from Different Reproductive Stages (2007)

Glutathione (GSH) concentrations of oocytes are considered as an important marker of the cytoplasmic maturation. The present study was designed to compare GSH concentrations of in vivo and in vitro matured canine oocytes. In vivo matured oocytes were collected 72 hr after ovulation by flushing fallopian tubes after laparotomy. Ovaries were collected from bitches with different reproductive stages, and collected oocytes were divided into 2 groups according to the size viz. < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter and cultured for 72 hr in Tissue Culture Medium-199 supplemented with 10% FBS, 2.2 mg/ml sodium bicarbonate, 2.0 microg/ml estrogen, 0.5 microg/ml FSH, 0.03 IU/ml hCG, and 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution in the presence or absence of 50 microM beta-mercaptoethanol. GSH concentrations were determined by the dithionitrobenzoic acid-glutathione disulfide (DTNB-GSSG) reductase recycling assay. GSH concentrations of immature canine oocytes were 2.9 and 3.8, 3.5 and 6.8, and 3.1 and 6.5 pM/oocyte for < 120 microm and > 120 microm in diameter oocyte groups at anestrous, follicular and luteal stage, respectively (P<0.05). In vivo matured oocytes had significantly higher GSH concentrations compared with in vitro matured oocytes. The GSH content was 19.2 pM/oocyte for in vivo matured oocytes, while 4.1 to 8.1 and 5.7 to 13.2 pM/oocyte for in vitro matured oocytes cultured in the absence or presence of beta-mercaptoethanol, respectively (P<0.05). Presence of beta-mercaptoethanol increased GSH synthesis in canine oocytes cultured in vitro, and oocytes collected from follicular and luteal stage was superior to anestrus oocytes.
Minimum-time trajectory control of a two-link flexible robotic manipulator (2002)

An analysis is made of the experimental results of a minimum-time trajectory control scheme for a two-link flexible robot. An offline optimization routine determines a minimum-time, straight-line tip trajectory which stays within the torque constraints of the motors and ends with no vibrational transients. An efficient finite-element model is used in the optimization to approximate the flexible arm dynamics. The control strategy described is used to determine the feedback gains for the position, velocity, and strain gage signals from a quadratic cost criterion based on the finite-element model linearized about the straight-line tip trajectory. These feedback signals are added to the modeled torque values obtained from the optimization routine and used to control the robot arm actuators. The results indicate that this combination of model-based and error-driven control strategies, achieves a closer tracking of the desired trajectory and a better handling of modeling errors than either strategy alone.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Current source modular multilevel converter for HVDC and FACTS (2013)

A current source modular multilevel converter (MMC) is proposed for high voltage AC/DC power conversion applications, such as HVDC and FACTS. Current source converters possess the advantage of short-circuit fault tolerance, which is a pivotal feature for grid applications. By partially following the circuit duality transformations, the proposed converter is derived from the well-known voltage source MMC. Inductor-based current source cells are connected in parallel and form a current source arm that can synthesize a desired current waveform. By adding a reduced-energy capacitor in parallel to each current source arm, these arms can be further connected in series, thereby allowing voltage scaling. By using fully controllable switches, the converter is capable of providing full control on its active and reactive power. Protection schemes against open-circuit failures inside the inductor cells are also proposed. Simulation results show the operation of the current source MMC and its capability of DC fault tolerance.
Topical vascular endothelial growth factor reverses delayed wound healing secondary to angiogenesis inhibitor administration (2005)

The prevention of new blood vessel growth is an increasingly attractive strategy to limit tumor growth. However, it remains unclear whether anti-angiogenesis approaches will impair wound healing, a process thought to be angiogenesis dependent. Results of previous studies differ as to whether angiogenesis inhibitors delay wound healing. We evaluated whether endostatin at tumor-inhibiting doses delayed excisional wound closure. C57/BL6J mice were treated with endostatin or phosphate-buffered solution 3 days prior to the creation of two full-thickness wounds on the dorsum. Endostatin was administered daily until wound closure was complete. A third group received endostatin, but also had daily topical vascular endothelial growth factor applied locally to the wound. Wound area was measured daily and the wounds were analyzed for granulation tissue formation, epithelial gap, and wound vascularity. Endostatin-treated mice showed a significant delay in wound healing. Granulation tissue formation and wound vascularity were significantly decreased, but reepithelialization was not effected. Topical vascular endothelial growth factor application to wounds in endostatin-treated mice resulted in increased granulation tissue formation, increased wound vascularity, and wound closure approaching that of control mice. This study shows that the angiogenesis inhibitor endostatin delays wound healing and that topical vascular endothelial growth factor is effective in counteracting this effect.
ChemInform Abstract: Superelectrophiles (1993)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Endoscopic resection of juvenile angiofibromas--long term results. (2005)

Resection of nasopharyngeal angiofibromas type I-IIIa can be safely achieved endoscopically. The advantage of this minimally invasive technique is avoidance of external scars and low morbidity. The intraoperative computer assisted guiding system ENTrak was highly accurate and provided substantial help in selected cases.
Transient association of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ATPase with the Na+/K+-ATPase and H+/K+-ATPase β-subunits during its biogenesis in <i>Xenopus</i> oocytes (2003)

We examined the effect of the beta-subunits of the Na+/K+ and H+/K+ ATPases on the biogenesis of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ ATPase in Xenopus oocytes. Oocytes were simultaneously injected with cRNAs for both the SR Ca2+ ATPase and the beta-subunit of the Na+/K+ or the H+/K+ ATPase. Immunoprecipitation with antiserum specific for the beta-subunit of the Na+/K+ or the H+/K+ ATPase yielded not only the respective beta-subunit but also the SR Ca2+ ATPase, indicating that the SR Ca2+ ATPase was associated with the beta-subunits of the Na+/K+ and the H+/K+ ATPases. Pulse-chase experiments revealed that the complex between the SR Ca2+ ATPase and the beta-subunit of the Na+/K+ ATPase was formed transiently and dissociated during the course of maturation. This is the first report that demonstrates the association of the SR Ca2+ ATPase with the beta-subunit of the Na+/K+ and H+/K+ ATPases.
ANNUAL SIMULATIONS WITH THE EBSILON PROFESSIONAL TIME SERIES CALCULATION MODULE (2010)

Although not used by most of the solar thermal power plants today, the ability to store thermal energy is considered as their main technological advantage in the future. During the planning phase of solar plants with storage powerful and flexible simulation tools are required. The cycle simulation tool EBSILONProfessional has been extended by a solar thermal component library in release 9.0 published in spring 2010. Besides steady-state calculations of the thermodynamic cycle, the tool offers a time series calculation module that allows simulation of solar thermal power plants with ntegrated thermal storage. The paper presents two examples for such calculation, the one being a molten salt parabolic trough plant and the second a conventional, oil based parabolic trough system. Both units are equipped with a two-tank molten salt storage.
Prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis by microvillar membrane enzyme analysis in amniotic fluid. (1991)

Prenatal diagnosis was performed in 92 pregnancies high-risk for cystic fibrosis during six years. Amniotic fluid samples obtained by amniocentesis were examined with regard to their microvillar membrane enzyme activity. Though trehalase, alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and L-gamma-glutamyltransferase in the amniotic fluid are not specific markers of cystic fibrosis, their activity is significantly lower than in normal pregnancies. By measuring the three enzymes simultaneously, sensitivity, specificity and reliability of the method were found to be over 92%. It is concluded that mid-trimester amniotic fluid diagnosis is indispensable for some heterozygotic couples for cystic fibrosis even in the possession of DNA (desoxyrobonucleic acid) methods.
Retrograde regulation of mossy fiber axon targeting and terminal maturation via postsynaptic Lnx1 (2018)

Neuronal connections are initiated by axon targeting to form synapses. However, how the maturation of axon terminals is modulated through interacting with postsynaptic elements remains elusive. In this study, we find that ligand of Numb protein X 1 (Lnx1), a postsynaptic PDZ protein expressed in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons, is essential for mossy fiber (MF) axon targeting during the postnatal period. Lnx1 deletion causes defective synaptic arrangement that leads to aberrant presynaptic terminals. We further identify EphB receptors as novel Lnx1-binding proteins to form a multiprotein complex that is stabilized on the CA3 neuron membrane through preventing proteasome activity. EphB1 and EphB2 are independently required to transduce distinct signals controlling MF pruning and targeting for precise DG-CA3 synapse formation. Furthermore, constitutively active EphB2 kinase rescues structure of the wired MF terminals in <i>Lnx1</i> mutant mice. Our data thus define a retrograde trans-synaptic regulation required for integration of post- and presynaptic structure that participates in building hippocampal neural circuits during the adolescence period.
Pharmacokinetics and Tolerability of Amikacin Administered as BAY41-6551 Aerosol in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Gram-Negative Pneumonia and Acute Renal Failure (2011)

CVVHDF appears to provide adequate clearance of systemically absorbed amikacin in mechanically ventilated patients with ARF, suggesting that dose adjustments for BAY41-6551 are probably not necessary for this patient population. Nonetheless, the standard precautionary measures for critically ill patients receiving i.v. amikacin should be followed for patients with ARF who are treated with BAY41-6551.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of N‐Arylhydroxylamines by Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling. (2011)

Abstract Optimized conditions A) allow an efficient coupling of the protected hydroxylamine (I) with various aryl halides.