gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low-power ion propulsion for small spacecraft (1997)

Analyses were conducted which indicate that sub kW-class ion thrusters may provide performance benefits for near-Earth space commercial and science missions. Small spacecraft applications with masses ranging from 50 to 500 kg and power levels less than 0.5 kW were considered. To demonstrate the efficacy of propulsion systems of this class, two potential missions were chosen as examples; a geosynchronous north-south station keeping application, and an Earth orbit magnetospheric mapping satellite constellation. Xenon ion propulsion system solutions using small thrusters were evaluated for these missions. A payload mass increase of more than 15% is provided by a 300-W ion system for the north-south station keeping mission. A launch vehicle reduction from four to one results from using the ion thruster for the magnetospheric mapping mission. Typical projected thruster performance over the input power envelope of 100-300 W range from approximately 40% to 54% efficiency and approximately 2000 to 3000 seconds specific impulse. Thruster technologies required to achieve the mission-required performance and lifetime are identified.
Particle Size Studies on Plutonium Aerosols (1961)

Particle size is recognized as an important factor in evaluating the health hazard of aerosols and, in addition, has other applications in health physics; however, very little published data is available on plutonium aerosols in plant and laboratory operations. Since the concentration of plutonium in most such aerosols is extremely small relative to the normal dust loading of the atmosphere, direct identification and measurement of plutonium particles is impossible. In these studies, an alfa-track technique has been used. The sample is collected on a membrane filter and transferred directly to a nuclear emulsion where it is allowed to remain in contact for various time periods. After development of the film, the number of tracks per particle are counted with the microscope. Assuming the particles are spheres of pure plutonium oxide, the particle diameter can be calculated from the number of tracks. Limitations of the technique are discussed. General air samples and breathing zone samples were collected in a processing plant where plutonium metal is handled in glove boxes. The operations conducted in the rooms included metallurgy and machining of plutonium. Particle sizes measured were mostly less than 0.3 μ with standard deviations of the size distributions being less than 2.0. There was very little variation in these parameters from one operation to another. Reasons for these results are presented. The effect of these data on calculated lung deposition and on sampling efficiency with the annular impactor are discussed.
Suppression of Cellular Immune Activity Following Severe Head Injury (1990)

Infection is a major cause of morbidity following multiple traumatic and head injury. Although immunosuppression has been demonstrated after multiple traumatic injury, the effects of head injury on immune function have not been thoroughly investigated. In a prospective study of 10 severely head-injured patients, in vitro and in vivo parameters of cellular immune activity were assessed. In vitro measurements of lymphocyte surface antigen expression following mitogen stimulation were made serially over a 3-week period in 10 patients with severe head injury. The control group consisted of 20 healthy subjects. Phenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) was performed following incubation with and without mitogens. Phenotypes were determined by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies (MABs) to T lymphocyte subsets and the alpha subunit of interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptors. In vivo cellular immune function was determined by measuring patient responses to delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin testing within 24 h of injury. When head-injured patients were compared to controls, PBLs incubated in the presence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) demonstrated a decrease in cells marking as T cells (p = 0.005), helper-inducer T cells (p = 0.001), and in the number of IL-2 receptor-bearing cells (p = 0.001). The functional ability of these lymphocyte subpopulations to proliferate in the presence of PHA was significantly suppressed within 24 h of injury and normalized within 3 weeks of injury. DTH skin testing to Candida, mumps, trichophyton, and PPD antigens was performed within 24 h of injury and resulted in anergic responses in all 10 patients when measured at 24, 48, and 72 h following administration. The overall infection rate was 60%, with the majority of infections occurring within the first 4 days following injury. The results of this study indicate that severe head injury results in suppression of cellular immune function with a corresponding high rate of infection. The possible significance of the decrease in the percentage of helper-inducer T cells and in the number of cells bearing IL-2 receptors following mitogen stimulation is discussed.
Modulation of intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> in the parathyroid cell (1985)

Stimuli which enhance secretion from parathyroid cells such as low extracellular Ca2+ or Mg2+ are associated with a decrease in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration as measured by quin2. Current evidence suggests that increased production of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) releases Ca2+ from cellular stores thus increasing cytosolic Ca2+. We used saponin-permeabilized dispersed bovine parathyroid cells to study the effect of IP3 on intracellular Ca2+. IP3 released Ca2+ from these cells in a dose-dependent manner; half-maximal response occurred with 0.3 microM IP3 and maximal response with 1.2 microM IP3. Permeabilized cells incubated in the presence of the mitochondrial inhibitor antimycin A released a similar amount of Ca2+ suggesting that IP3 releases Ca2+ from a non-mitochondrial pool. These results suggest that IP3 regulates cytosolic Ca2+ in this system and may function as a second messenger controlling hormone secretion.
Characterization and corrosion performance of γ-glycidoxyropyltrimethoxsilane modified epoxy polymer (2010)

Epoxy polymers have been widely used in a protective coating and adhesive due to its strong adhesion, high chemical resistance, and good processing characterisitics. However; epoxy coatings absorbs moisture easily, and the diffusion of absorbed water into the epoxy.steel interface weakens the interfacial adhesion strength between epoxy and steel in corrosive enviroment, due to the presence of hydrophilic hydroxy group in the cured network (epoxy/amine reaction). In this study, commercial epoxy polymer was chemically modified by γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane monomer under the catalysis organotin compound via the reaction between hydroxyl group in epoxy polymer and alkoxy group in silanes, aiming to enhance the corrosion performans of epoxy polymer. Commercial epoxy polymer and silane modifed epoxy polymer were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, epoxy equivalent weight measurement, contact angle measurement, surface energy measurement, hardness test and MEK double-rub test. The results showed that γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane has been successfully grafted to epoxy polymer. Corrosion performance was evaluated by salt spray test acording to ASTM B117. The results showed that the chemically modified epoxy coating perform an improvement in resistance againts the penetration of water in polymeric resin and beter protectiveness on metalic corrosion.
Surface Modification of CdSe and CdS Quantum Dots-Experimental and Density Function Theory Investigation (2012)

Surface Modification of CdSe and CdS Quantum Dots-Experimental and Density Function Theory Investigation 161 the Bader charge, implying a larger charge donation than OA, and the modification of CdSe QD by molecular capping plays a vital role in improving the CdSe charge donation. System Charge(e) Charge difference(e) System Charge(e) Charge difference(e) CdSe Se:6.
Competition in the Pharmaceutical Industry: The Case of PAH Drugs (2009)

The nature and extent of competition between different therapies for a given medical condition often is an important and controversial issue in both antitrust cases and general strategic analysis in the pharmaceutical industry. The market for pulmonary arterial hypertension ('PAH') therapies provides an interesting case study for analyzing these issues. An event study analyzing how the stock prices of PAH therapy providers respond to competitive developments in the industry sheds light on the nature of competition among different types of therapies. The results support the view that the strength of competition between any two drugs for the same condition can vary greatly depending on factors such as the stage of the patient's disease, the mode of drug delivery, the mechanism of action, convenience/ease of use and other characteristics.
NIH Branch Seeks Ways To Spur Innovation Despite Tight Budget (1993)

The National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), like other branches of the National Institutes of Health, is facing the tightest funding situation in memory. With a fiscal 1993 budget that is less than 1992's when inflation is taken into account, NIGMS expects to be able to award grants to only about 15% of the proposals it receives this year. That stressful situation has the institute's officials and advisers wondering how to ensure that a broad array of innovative research is funded. Earlier this month, NIGMS's advisory council debated whether the institute should take action to keep riskier research proposals from being shut out—perhaps by even going so far as to set aside money for wild ideas. If society wants to give us only a finite amount of resources, we have to live with that, NIGMS's deputy director Marvin Cassman says. But we want to be sure we fund as broad and diverse ...
An implementation of scoreboarding mechanism for ARM-based SMT processor (2003)

A SMT architecture uses TLP (Thread Level Parallelism) and increases processor throughput, such that issue slots can be filled with instructions from multiple independent threads. Having multiple ready threads reduces the probability that a functional unit is left idle, which increases processor efficiency. To utilize those advantages for the SMT processor, the issue unit must control the flow of instructions from different threads and not create conflicts among those instructions, which make the SMT issue logic extremely complex. Therefore, our SMT architecture, which is modeled in this paper, uses an in-order-issue and completion scheme. The SMT architecture which has an in-order-issue scheme can use a simple issue mechanism with a scoreboard array instead of using register renaming or a reorder buffer. However, a SMT scoreboarding mechanism is still more complex and costlier than that of a single threaded conventional processor. This paper presents a simple but effective implementation of a scoreboard array for the ARM-based SMT processor.
Undetected error probability performance of cyclic redundancy-check codes of 16-bit redundancy (2000)

The authors investigate the performance of cyclic redundancy check (CRC) codes generated by polynomials of degree 16 over GF(2) which can be used for pure error detection in communication systems. Their minimum distance, properness and undetected error probability for binary symmetric channels (BSCs) are computed and comparison with the existing standards is made.
Corneal collagen crosslinking in keratoconus and other eye disease. (2015)

Keratoconus is a condition characterized by biomechanical instability of the cornea, presenting in a progressive, asymmetric and bilateral way. Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) with riboflavin and Ultraviolet-A (UVA) is a new technique of corneal tissue strengthening that combines the use of riboflavin as a photo sensitizer and UVA irradiation. Studies showed that CXL was effective in halting the progression of keratoconus over a period of up to four years. The published studies also revealed a reduction of max K readings by more than 2 D, while the postoperative spherical equivalent (SEQ) was reduced by an average of more than 1 D and refractive cylinder decreased by about 1 D. The major indication for the use of CXL is to inhibit the progression of corneal ecstasies, such as keratoconus and pellucid marginal degeneration. CXL may also be effective in the treatment and prophylaxis of iatrogenic keratectasia, resulting from excessively aggressive photo ablation. This treatment has been used to treat infectious corneal ulcers with apparent favorable results. Most recent studies demonstrate the beneficial impact of CXL for iatrogenic ecstasies, pellucid marginal degeneration, infectious keratitis, bullous keratopathy and ulcerative keratitis. Several long-term and short-term complications of CXL have been studied and documented. The possibility of a secondary infection after the procedure exists because the patient is subject to epithelial debridement and the application of a soft contact lens. Formation of temporary corneal haze, permanent scars, endothelial damage, treatment failure, sterile infiltrates, bullous keratopathy and herpes reactivation are the other reported complications of this procedure.
A Triaxial Apparatus for Testing Large Soil Specimens (1951)

The object of this paper is to describe the construction and operation of a triaxial apparatus for testing soils containing material passing the 3-in. sieve size. Also, the presentation of a few typical results obtained on various types of soil will be made. The development of this type of equipment was accelerated, late in 1948, by the specific need for investigating the shear strength characteristics of foundation material for the Corps of Engineers' Folsom Project in California. This soil varied from gravel to clayey sandy gravel. Since, in general, the amount of clay present was of a significant amount, it was necessary to determine the shear resistance of the minus 3-in. portion of the material, in order to bring out the effect of the very plastic fines on the relatively high shearing resistance of the gravel. A second, and equally important, need for equipment of this magnitude was the testing of gravel without plastic fines under conditions of high lateral pressure. It was, therefore, necessary to devise equipment which would accommodate material of this size. No attempt was made to revolutionize the present equipment generally used in testing by triaxial methods the shear characteristics of soil; rather, an effort was made to adapt current ideas to new equipment capable of testing large soil specimens. Wherever possible, standard stock items were used in preference to prefabricating special parts, so that the unit could be made with a minimum of expense. Where commercial products are referred to by name in this paper, it is only for the purpose of clearer description. Competitive products can, in most cases, be satisfactorily substituted.
Designing an Authentication Protocol via Authentication Test (2007)

The proving process of protocol with authentication test suggests a design process of a proper authentication protocol. This paper inherits the idea of designing protocols via authentication test, and then describes the thought and procedure of designing protocols in terms of authentication test from protocol analyzing standpoint. We construct a new bilateral authentication and key negotiation protocol KNP under these rules. Bringing authentication test to protocol designing has opened up a new space in the application of authentication test, and this will contribute to understanding of protocol security attributes.
Bezafibrate in men with lower extremity arterial disease: randomised controlled trial (2002)

Bezafibrate has no effect on the incidence of coronary heart disease and of stroke combined but may reduce the incidence of non-fatal coronary events, particularly in those aged <65 years at entry, in whom all coronary events may also be reduced.
Ionic and ligand-specific effects on the DNA binding of progesterone receptor bound to the synthetic progestin R5020 and the antiprogestin RU486. (1991)

Antiprogestin and other antihormones are valuable therapeutic agents in hormone-responsive cancers. A fundamental mechanism in the action of antiprogestin is its binding to PR,3 an intracellular protein that mediates the action of progesterone by direct interaction at the regulatory sites of responsive genes. To elucidate the mechanism of action of PR bound to agonistic and antagonistic ligands, we determined the binding affinity of rabbit uterine PR bound to R5020 and RU486, respectively, with different DNA sequences. We used 2 recombinant plasmid DNAs, pDHf14 and pDHf2, with 60- and 23-base pair inserts of potential Z-DNA-forming (dA-dC)n.(dG-dT)n sequences, respectively, parental plasmid pDPL6 with no insert, calf thymus DNA, and several synthetic polynucleotides in this study. The concentration of DNA required to elute 50% of the receptor bound to DNA-cellulose (EC50) was used as a measure of the relative binding affinity of the receptor for DNA. EC50 values of plasmids pDHf14 and pDHf2 were 1.2 +/- 0.5 (SD) and 2.5 +/- 0.6 micrograms/ml, respectively, for PR bound to R5020. In contrast, EC50 for control plasmid was 350 micrograms/ml. PR.R5020 had lower affinity for calf thymus DNA and polynucleotides compared with pDHf2 and pDHf14. Receptors complexed with the antiprogestin RU486 had lower affinity for the plasmids; EC50 values were 2.4 +/- 0.4 and 10 +/- 1 microgram/ml, respectively, for pDHf14 and pDHf2. This ligand-specific difference in DNA binding was amplified by the presence of 5 mM Mg2+ or Ca2+. The relative binding affinity of PR.R5020 to pDHf14 was 6- and 7-fold higher than that of PR.RU486, in the presence of 5 mM Mg2+ and Ca2+, respectively. These results show that PR.RU486 has lower binding affinity for specific DNA sequences than PR.R5020, but the binding affinity of both receptors is in a range that cannot preclude competitive interactions at the DNA recognition site. The effects of Mg2+ and Ca2+ on PR binding to DNA further suggest that these cations could affect PR recognition of DNA in a ligand-specific manner.
The Development of the Narrow Gap Multi-Pass Welding System Using Laser Vision System (2002)

In the multi-pass welding of pressure vessels or ships. the mechanical touch sensor system is generally used together with a manipulator to measure the gap and depth of the narrow gap to perform seam tracking. Unfortunately, such mechanical toueh sensors may commit measuring errors caused by the deterioration of the measuring device. 
An automation system of narrow gap multi-pass welding using a laser vision system which can track the seam line of narrow gap and which can control welding power has been developed. The joint profile of the narrow gap, with 250mm depth and 28mm width, can be captured by laser vision camera. The image is then processed for defining tracking positions of the torch during welding. Then, the real-time correction of lateral and vertical position of the torch can be done by the laser vision system. The adaptive control of welding conditions like welding currents and welding speeds. can also be performed by the laser vision system, which cannot be done by conventional mechanical touch systems. The developed automation system will be adopted to reduce the idle time of welders, which happens frequently in conventional long welding processes, and to improve the reliability of the weld quality as well.
Real-time Math Function of DL850 ScopeCorder (2012)

In recent years, energy-saving instruments including inverters have been actively developed. Researchers in R&D sections want to evaluate their prototypes in real time to enhance the development efficiency. Therefore, measuring instruments are required to have functions for not only simply recording data but also immediately calculating power values and efficiency based on the data. To meet this demand, Yokogawa has developed a unique real-time math function for the DL850 ScopeCorder, our multi-channel waveform recording instrument. This paper gives an overview of the function and its application examples.
From the Executive Director and the President (2011)

Greetings to you in this New Year! We hope that 2011 has started well for you. It seems that every new year brings changes in life and that is true for The Hymn Society as well. Recognizing the changing landscape of organizations and communication tools, we are implementing some new approaches for staying in touch with our members and friends. During 2011 you'll see three significant changes in Hymn Society materials you receive. These changes are all part of an overall blueprint to broaden awareness of the society, adapt to technological shifts, and stretch our funds most wisely. If we have your email address, you'll be receiving a new monthly e-news publication from us. (If you haven't shared your e-mail address with us yet, now is the time!) Given the trend established with first THE HYMN, then THE STANZA, what else could we name this one but THE VERSE? We'll be able to get news to you more quickly to let you know about upcoming events, hymn searches, festivals, and news about our members. We'll also feature some items in our Book Service to remind you of those resources. The links to Facebook and our website will be there as well, so we hope you'll forward the newsletter to friends and encourage them to explore the ways The Hymn Society can be beneficial to them. As I and others represent the society at conferences and gatherings, we'll invite people to sign up to receive this newsletter. Staying in touch with interested friends who are not yet members is an important step in building the relationship that leads to membership! So THE VERSE will be a tool not only to keep members informed, but also a way to make new friends and raise awareness of the treasure that is The Hymn Society. If you don't have access to e-mail, just notify the office and we'll be happy to send print copies of this newsletter to you quarterly. You may have already noted that the Fall 2010 issue of THE STANZA is posted as a PDF on our website. We'll put other issues there as they are produced. You'll still receive a print copy for now, but soon we'll be asking if you would rather receive THE STANZA electronically than through the mail. As much of the information that has been coming to you through THE STANZA will now reach you sooner in THE VERSE, we are redesigning THE STANZA to emphasize resources and practical helps for enlivening congregational song. The most significant change we are at work on is a move to make THE HYMN available in electronic format as well as in printed form. …
9. Remote handling developments for inspection and repair of highly active reprocessing plant (1988)

Introduction Dissolver Inspection Manipulator (Diman 2) Dissolver Inspection And Repair Manipulator - Repman The Task And Its Constraints Main Manipulator (Fig 5) Manipulator Deployment System And Containment Workheads Control System Progress And Summary Acknowledgements
Sprinklers in Houses (1995)

The inadequate installation of automatic water sprinkler systems in New Zealand houses due to cost considerations and erroneous perceptions is discussed. It is suggested that sprinklers are the best way of increasing life safety and decreasing the cost of fire damage in the event of a fire accident.
Design and simulation single stage CMOS TIA for 1.4 GHz,-27 dB MEMS SAW resonator (2017)

This paper present the design and simulation of low power transimpedance amplifier (TIA) for MEMS SAW resonator. The amplifier should consume low power to compensate the large resonator losses. The design was realized by using Silterra 0.18μm CMOS process. The designed amplifier produced 26.69 dBΩ gain at frequency 1.4 GHz. and consume 2.6 mW power with supply voltage, V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> 1.8 V. When integrate with MEMS SAW resonator, the system made 125.3 dB/Hz@ 1 kHz cut off frequency.