gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pretreatment Capabilities and Benefits of Electrocoagulation (2004)

Abstract : The goals of the research project were 1) to demonstrate the removal capabilities of the electrocoagulation (EC) technology and 2) to define the best application of the technology within the context of providing pretreatment to reverse osmosis systems.
Application of Bamboo Vinegar with Process to Evaluate Fungi Resistance of Bamboo Materials (2006)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the vinegar obtained from Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla), as a fungi resistant agent using the vacuum process, for treating bamboo-based products. The intent was to use this bj product to increase the value-added part of the products, and at the same time provide a substitute for the current use of fungicides, in order to reduce environmental pollution. The specimens used were Moso bamboo that had been processed wlth either the carbonizing or the steaming process. Exposure to fungi from the air for 30min and four strains of experimental fungi were used, including Aspergillus uiger, Mucor sp., Penicillum sp., and Trichoderma viride. From the results obtained, it was evident that the fungal resistance of the molds on the bamboo surface increased with the increased uptake of the bamboo vinegar, as measured by tirne period of vacuum and impregnation, and the C/N ratio of fungi inoculated bamboo powder was increased as well. The FTIR analysis showed that when the bamboos were treated with the vacuum process at 60 min of vacuum period and 240min of impregnation tune, no functional groups of the fungal chemical compounds, at 1654 cm 1 (C=0) and 1552 cm * (N-H), were found after 70 days. From this it was concluded that bamboo vinegar is useful to restrain the molds and that it can decrease microbiological deterioration of bamboo materials.
Double-Layer Formation of [Bmim][PF<sub>6</sub>] Ionic Liquid Triggered by Surface Negative Charge (2010)

Applications of ionic liquids (ILs) in electrified interfaces and electrochemical systems require insight into the molecular-level structure and properties of the interfacial ILs. Using atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we show here that a new double-layer stacking formation of the [Bmim][PF(6)] IL can be triggered by the surface negative charge. We also found that the double-layer formation induced by the surface charge thoroughly extended into the bulk phase, implying a strong unscreened ion effect in our IL system. Further study indicated that the double-layer formation in the bulk phase was due to a rapid structural transition. Different IL formations, including the conventional adsorption layer and the double-layer formation, can be achieved in sequence by increasing the surface negative charge. Moreover, the diffusion ability of the new double-layer formation in the bulk phase is much lower when compared to that observed in its original uncharged condition. The structure and properties of the ILs formation may be attributed to the tail-tail aggregation hypothesis of the nonpolar domain in the IL.
Microbiota Modulates Behavior and Protein Kinase C mediated cAMP response element-binding protein Signaling (2016)

Evolutionary pressure drives gut microbiota-host coevolution and results in complex interactions between gut microbiota and neural development; however, the molecular mechanisms by which the microbiota governs host behavior remain obscure. Here, we report that colonization early in life is crucial for the microbiota to modulate brain development and behavior; later colonization or deletion of microbiota cannot completely reverse the behaviors. Microarray analysis revealed an association between absence of gut microbiota and expression in cAMP responding element-binding protein (CREB) regulated genes in the hippocampus. The absence of gut microbiota from birth was shown to be associated with decreased CREB expression, followed by decreases of protein kinase C beta (PRKCB) and AMPA receptors expression, and an increase of phosphorylation CREB (pCREB) expression. Microbiota colonization in adolescence restored CREB and pCREB expression, but did not alter PRKCB and AMPARs expression. The removal of the gut microbiota from SPF mice using antibiotics only reduced pCREB expression. These findings suggest that (i) colonization of the gut microbiota early in life might facilitate neurodevelopment via PKC-CREB signaling and (ii) although GF mice and ABX mice display reduced anxiety-related behaviors, the molecular mechanisms behind this might differ.
Role of an Alginate Lyase for Alginate Transport in Mucoid <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (2005)

The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes a capsule-like polysaccharide called alginate that is important for evasion of host defenses, especially during chronic pulmonary disease of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Most proteins for alginate biosynthesis are encoded by the 12-gene algD operon. Interestingly, this operon also encodes AlgL, a lyase that degrades alginate. Mutants lacking AlgG, AlgK, or AlgX, also encoded by the operon, synthesize alginate polymers that are digested by the coregulated protein AlgL. We examined the phenotype of an DeltaalgL mutation in the highly mucoid CF isolate FRD1. Generating a true DeltaalgL mutant was possible only when the algD operon was under the control of a LacI(q)-repressed trc promoter. Upon induction of alginate production with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside, the DeltaalgL mutant cells were lysed within a few hours. Electron micrographs of the DeltaalgL mutant showed that alginate polymers accumulated in the periplasm, which ultimately burst the bacterial cell wall. The requirement of AlgL in an alginate-overproducing strain led to a new model for alginate secretion in which a multiprotein secretion complex (or scaffold, that includes AlgG, AlgK, AlgX, and AlgL) guides new polymers through the periplasm for secretion across the outer membrane. In this model, AlgL is bifunctional with a structural role in the scaffold and a role in degrading free alginate polymers in the periplasm.
Scene adaptive vector quantization (1989)

A scene adaptive VQ-scheme for 8*8 blocks is proposed. The dimension is reduced by thresholding DCT-transformed block components. A classification in activity and energy concentration as well as an edge detector is used for setting the threshold value. Supra-threshold DCT-coefficients are quantized by several vector quantizers using gain/shape-separation and a multistage technique. Both the frequency response and the masking effect of the human visual system are utilized by the VQ.
Parallel implementation of 3‐D DMO on shared memory systems (1994)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1994Parallel implementation of 3‐D DMO on shared memory systemsAuthors: Lee LuLee BellKwang LimLee LuCogniSeis Development Inc., Lee BellGeosignal Inc., and Kwang LimCONVEX Computer Corp.https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822898 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822898FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byAn implementation of 3‐D prestack depth migration on distributed memory systemsLin Zhang and Qing Yu Yang10 February 2005 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1994ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1994 Pages: 1679 publication data© 1994 Copyright © 1994 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Lee Lu, Lee Bell, and Kwang Lim, (1994), "Parallel implementation of 3‐D DMO on shared memory systems," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 214-217. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1822898 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Tracking Source azimuth Using a Single Vector Sensor (2010)

This paper aims at estimating the azimuth of an underwater acoustic source with a single vector sensor. A vector sensor is a device that measures the scalar acoustic pressure field and the vectorial acoustic velocity field at a single location in space. The actual sensor technology allows to build compact vector sensors, with an operational frequency response ranging from a few hertz to several tens of kilohertz, thus the same device can be used to receive shipping noise upto dolphin whistles. It is demonstrated that one can attain a reliable estimate of the azimuth of a source with a single vector sensor. The method presented is based on the inner product between the sampled acoustic field and the different particle velocity orthogonal components. The method is very simple and low computational demanding thus, well suited to be used in mobile or light platforms where space and/or computational power requirements is of concern. It is shown that the proposed method can be used either in time or in frequency domain, giving rise to easily estimating the azimuth of several sources with non-overlapping frequency bands. The data discussed herein (ship noise, communication signals, tomographic signals) were acquired during the Makai'2005 experiment using a four element vector sensor array. It is shown that the estimates obtained with a single vector sensor are comparable with those obtained with the full vector sensor array and are inline with the expected results as known from the geometry of the experiment.
MPEG-2 error concealment based on block-matching principles (2000)

The MPEG-2 compression algorithm is very sensitive to channel disturbances due to the use of variable-length coding. A single bit error during transmission leads to noticeable degradation of the decoded sequence quality, in that part or an entire slice information is lost until the next resynchronization point is reached. Error concealment (EC) methods, implemented at the decoder side, present one way of dealing with this problem. An error-concealment scheme that is based on block-matching principles and spatio-temporal video redundancy is presented in this paper. Spatial information (for the first frame of the sequence or the next scene) or temporal information (for the other frames) is used to reconstruct the corrupted regions. The concealment strategy is embedded in the MPEG-2 decoder model in such a way that error concealment is applied after entire frame decoding. Its performance proves to be satisfactory for packet error rates (PER) ranging from 1% to 10% and for video sequences with different content and motion and surpasses that of other EC methods under study.
Apostle of a Humane Economy: Remembering Wilhelm Ropke (2000)

Wilhelm Ropke entered my life, with immense effect, more than fifty years ago.That was a time in which the political and intellectual climate was rather different from today.The world was just begirming to rise from the ashes of the greatest war.World War II.Socialism was everywhere in the ascendant.The Soviet colossus bestrode half the planet.China was soon to become a monolithic Communist state.And the United States stood virtually alone, if we except Switzerland, as guardian of the market economy Who could then have foreseen that in the year 2000 the Soviet empire would be no more, that a united Germany would have arisen like a phoenix to become the economic powerhouse of Europe, that "socialism" and "planned economy" would become derisory, even pejorative terms (except maybe in Cuba), and that expressions such as "social market economy," "third way," and "a humane economy" would become the fashionable slogans of the moment? Ropke in China?Consider the case of China.Who could have imagined that China, of all places, the mysterious, impenetrable, isolated land of a billion people, tyrannized for forty-five years by the monstrous
Electrosurgical Suspension Apparatus (2000)

The use of a suspended electrosurgical handpiece results in reduced surgical time, eliminates many of the inconveniences associated with the current use of electrosurgery, and facilitates the use of electrosurgery as a tool of the dermatologic surgeon.
Implantation: Uterine pinopodes as markers of the ‘nidation window’ in cycling women receiving exogenous oestradiol and progesterone (1995)

In 14 cycling women participating in an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) donation programme, we examined the timing of the 'nidation window' using as a stage-specific 'marker' the presence of fully developed pinopodes on the apical surface of the luminal uterine epithelium. Each woman received exogenous oestradiol from the second day of their cycle and progesterone starting on day 8 or day 15 of the oestrogenic treatment. The women underwent two biopsies during the same artificial cycle, on either days 6 and 9 or days 8 and 10 of the progesterone treatment. All patients to whom oestradiol was administered for 7 days prior to progesterone administration (n = 9), and two of the five treated with oestradiol for 14 days prior to the addition of progesterone, showed uterine pinopodes in either one or both biopsies. When present on a given day, pinopodes were at the same stage, developing, fully developed or regressing, showing that their total lifespan did not exceed 48 h. Fully developed pinopodes existed for 1 day only which may correspond to the short period of optimal endometrial receptivity observed in animal models. The timing of the presence of fully developed pinopodes varied from patient to patient, but these individual differences were not correlated with progesterone and oestradiol plasma concentrations. The brief duration of the nidation window and the observed individual variations in its timing suggest that the detection of uterine pinopodes could be a valuable tool for the prediction, on an individual basis, of the optimal date for successful egg replacement in IVF patients.
The Optimal Evaporation Temperature of Subcritical ORC Based on Second Law Efficiency for Waste Heat Recovery (2012)

The subcritical Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) with 28 working fluids for waste heat recovery is discussed in this paper. The effects of the temperature of the waste heat, the critical temperature of working fluids and the pinch temperature difference in the evaporator on the optimal evaporation temperature (OET) of the ORC have been investigated. The second law efficiency of the system is regarded as the objective function and the evaporation temperature is optimized by using the quadratic approximations method. The results show that the OET will appear for the temperature ranges investigated when the critical temperatures of working fluids are lower than the waste heat temperatures by 18 ± 5 K under the pinch temperature difference of 5 K in the evaporator. Additionally, the ORC always exhibits the OET when the pinch temperature difference in the evaporator is raised under the fixed waste heat temperature. The maximum second law efficiency will decrease with the increase of pinch temperature difference in the evaporator.
Ballistic Impact Response of Kevlar 49 and Zylon under Conditions Representing Jet Engine Fan Containment (2008)

A ballistic impact test program was conducted to provide validation data for the development of numerical models of blade out events in fabric containment systems. The impact response of two different fiber materials — Kevlar 49 (E.I. DuPont Nemours and Company) and Zylon AS (Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was studied by firing metal projectiles into dry woven fabric specimens using a gas gun. The shape, mass, orientation and velocity of the projectile were varied and recorded. In most cases the tests were designed such that the projectile would perforate the specimen, allowing measurement of the energy absorbed by the fabric. The results for both Zylon and Kevlar presented here represent a useful set of data for the purposes of establishing and validating numerical models for predicting the response of fabrics under conditions simulating those of a jet engine blade release situation. In addition some useful empirical observations were made regarding the effects of projectile orientation and the relative performance of the different materials.
QBEND/10, a new monoclonal antibody to endothelium: assessment of its diagnostic utility in paraffin sections (1990)

The immunoreactivity of a new monoclonal antibody to endothelium. QBEND/10, in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections from a variety of vascular and lymphatic tumours is described and compared to that of two other endothelial markers, von Willebrand factor and Ulex europaeus agglutinin, type 1. All the benign tumours of blood vascular origin showed immunoreactivity whereas only five out of eight lymphangiomas demonstrated a weak focal reaction with QBEND/10. Primitive lumina in epithelioid and spindle cell haemangioendotheliomas were highlighted in all the cases. Tumour cells in angiosarcoma forming vasoformative areas and solid areas showed immunopositivity to QBEND/10 in 17/23 and 13/24 cases respectively, and complementary immunoreactivity for von Willebrand factor was observed. Proliferating vessels and the majority of spindle cells in Kaposi's sarcoma were positive in all 40 cases. Only one of 54 cases of carcinoma showed luminal reaction to QBEND/10. However, 17 of 45 spindle cell tumours displayed a positive reaction. QBEND/10 is an additional marker for demonstrating endothelial differentiation and has some advantages over currently available antibodies.
[Detection of immune complexes using atomic force microscopy]. (2005)

Complex formation between immunoglobulins and ligands immobilized on mica was studied by atomic force microscopy in two different systems. In the first system, 60-kDa ligands possessing only one site for antibody recognition were used. In the other system, a more complex interaction of human immunoglobulin with immobilized polyclonal antibodies was studied. In both systems, specific complexes with proper ligand appeared, and unspecific interaction was not detected. The method of revealing immunocomplexes by image atomic force microscopy can be used in the development of modern diagnostic systems.
Delay-Power Tradeoff of Fixed-Rate Wireless Transmission With Arbitrarily Bursty Traffics (2016)

Wireless communication system is expected to provide service with low latency and high energy efficiency. To improve the energy efficiency, the transceiver prefers sending packets, when the channel states are good. However, such opportunistic transmission may induce undesirably large latency. Therefore, a fundamental tradeoff exists between the average transmission power and average queuing delay, and is studied in this paper via cross-layer probabilistic scheduling. In particular, we consider the delay-power tradeoff when the packet arrivals have arbitrary probabilistic distributions. A Markov reward model is adopted to model the queue of the backlogged packets. Based on that, we formulate a nonlinear optimization problem and convert it into a linear programming (LP) problem by using variable substitution. The optimal solution to the LP problem allows us to derive the optimal scheduling parameters. Based on the optimal solution, we can derive the optimal scheduling policy, which turns out to be threshold-based. Besides, we consider the source scheduling with the specific packet arrival distribution being unknown. Adaptive algorithms are proposed to achieve the corresponding delay-power tradeoff.
Forming-free resistive switching of TiO<inf>x</inf> layers with oxygen injection treatments (2011)

In terms of defect generation and redistribution, the electrical forming process and filamentary conduction lead conventional RRAM cells to low yield, high operation current, and large operation variations [1-3]. Recently, emerging RRAM cells based on the redox reaction mechanism were proposed to eliminate electrical forming process [4]. However, the endurance was below few thousands cycles and device reliability still remained issues. Moreover, variations in operation parameters and device characteristics could not be avoided unless complex material engineering and film stacks were conducted [5, 6]. In this work, we fabricated TiN/TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> /TiN RRAM cells with a oxygen injection (OI) treatment to place excess oxygen ions into TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> films and characterized their forming-free and bi-polar resistive switching. Maximum resistance ratio is above 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> and low set/reset current density is lower than 10 nA/um <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The capability of various resistance sates shows highly potential of multi level cell (MLC). Then resistive switching is also discovered by structural and electrical analyses showing the excess oxygen occupations of vacancies in TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> layers.
The first filamentous fungal genome sequences: Aspergillus leads the way for essential everyday resources or dusty museum specimens? (2006)

The published Aspergillus genome sequences (A. nidulans, A. fumigatus, A. oryzae) and further sequence data from A. clavatus, Neosartorya fischeri, A. flavus, A. niger, A. parasiticus and A. terreus are the first from a group of related filamentous fungi. They indicate the gains possible from genomic approaches, but also problems that arise after the sequences are finished. Benefits include a greater understanding of genome structure and evolution, insights into gene regulation, predictions of new factors that may be relevant to pathogenicity and the discovery of novel enzymes with biotechnological value. Areas where further developments are needed include gene and structure-function predictions, methods for comparative genome analysis and the interfaces for access to genome information. In addition, strategies for continued maintenance and updating need to be developed at the start of the post-genomic era to increase the value of genome sequences into the future.
Authenticated Group Key Transfer Protocol Based on Secret Sharing (2010)

Key transfer protocols rely on a mutually trusted key generation center (KGC) to select session keys and transport session keys to all communication entities secretly. Most often, KGC encrypts session keys under another secret key shared with each entity during registration. In this paper, we propose an authenticated key transfer protocol based on secret sharing scheme that KGC can broadcast group key information to all group members at once and only authorized group members can recover the group key; but unauthorized users cannot recover the group key. The confidentiality of this transformation is information theoretically secure. We also provide authentication for transporting this group key. Goals and security threats of our proposed group key transfer protocol will be analyzed in detail.