gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Improvement of a multi-target screening analysis for drugs using a QTRAP liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry system]. (2007)

We have investigated the usefulness of an improved multi-target screening method based on liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis on a hybrid triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer for detecting major drugs in toxicological analysis. Fifteen drugs, most frequently detected in intoxicated patients treated at the emergency medicine section in our institute, were mixed together in serum or urine at concentration of 100 ng/ml each, and then extracted by liquid-liquid extraction using 1-chlorobutane, followed by an analysis using LC/MS/MS. By setting the collision energy at the multiple reaction monitoring mode and declustering potential at the enhanced product ion scan mode individually for each drug, clinically satisfactory sensitivity was attained for the detection of drugs in extracted samples. The results of the present study on several serum/urine samples of intoxicated patients indicated that this method is superior to other screening methods in reliability. Taken together, our improved LC/MS/MS analysis is useful for detecting major drugs causing intoxication in the field of emergency medicine.
XPS and STEM Study of the Interface Formation between Ultra-Thin Ru and Ir OER Catalyst Layers and Perylene Red Support Whiskers (2013)

The interface formation between perylene red (PR) and ruthenium or iridium OER catalysts has been studied systematically by XPS and STEM. The OER catalyst over-layers with thicknesses ranging from ~0.1 to ~50 nm were vapor deposited onto PR ex-situ . As seen by STEM, Ru and Ir form into nanoparticles, which agglomerate with increased loading. XPS data show a strong interaction between Ru and PR. Ir also interacts with PR although not to the extent seen for Ru. At low coverages, the entire Ru deposit is in the reacted state while a small portion of the deposited Ir remains metallic. Ru and Ir bonding occur at the PR carbonyl sites as evidenced by the attenuation of carbonyl photoemission and the emergence of new peak assigned to C-O single bond. The curve fitting analysis and the derived stoichiometry indicates the formation of metallo-organic bonds. The co-existence of oxide bonds is also apparent.
Ubiquitin Ligase Parkin Promotes Mdm2–Arrestin Interaction but Inhibits Arrestin Ubiquitination (2011)

Numerous mutations in E3 ubiquitin ligase parkin were shown to associate with familial Parkinson's disease. Here we show that parkin binds arrestins, versatile regulators of cell signaling. Arrestin-parkin interaction was demonstrated by coimmunoprecipitation of endogenous proteins from brain tissue and shown to be direct using purified proteins. Parkin binding enhances arrestin interactions with another E3 ubiquitin ligase, Mdm2, apparently by shifting arrestin conformational equilibrium to the basal state preferred by Mdm2. Although Mdm2 was reported to ubiquitinate arrestins, parkin-dependent increase in Mdm2 binding dramatically reduces the ubiquitination of both nonvisual arrestins, basal and stimulated by receptor activation, without affecting receptor internalization. Several disease-associated parkin mutations differentially affect the stimulation of Mdm2 binding. All parkin mutants tested effectively suppress arrestin ubiquitination, suggesting that bound parkin shields arrestin lysines targeted by Mdm2. Parkin binding to arrestins along with its effects on arrestin interaction with Mdm2 and ubiquitination is a novel function of this protein with implications for Parkinson's disease pathology.
Systematic Study on Ce:LuLiF<sub>4</sub> as a Fast Scintillator Using Storage Ring Free-Electron Lasers (2010)

Ce:LuLiF 4 is evaluated as a fast scintillator using a storage ring free-electron laser operating in the deep-ultraviolet region. The relatively flat spectral response across its absorption bands makes this material an attractive scintillator for various excitation sources. Its decay time is acceptable for ignition timing in fast-ignition, inertial confinement nuclear fusion using laser. This report is the first systematic study on Ce:LuLiF 4 as a scintillator, wherein the storage ring free-electron laser is also shown as a powerful tool for material survey.
Abstract 21236: Novel Immune Regulatory Defects Contribute to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation (2017)

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a significant and serious health problem with an incidence as high as 9% and is associated with 15,000 deaths each year in the U.S. Recently AAA has increasingly been considered to be an autoimmune disease, where a pro-inflammatory cascade with cytotoxic and proteolytic features results aortic wall degradation and aneurysm formation, but the underlying causes of this imbalance remain unknown. Regulatory T cells prevent both the activation and effector function of reactive T cells sensitized to auto-antigens. Critical in this process are Type 1 regulatory T-cells (Tr1) which are antigen-specific and identified by expression of CD49b and lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3). Tr1 cells exhibit strong immunosuppressive activity and are able to restore tolerance in several immune-mediated diseases, through the secretion of high amounts of IL-10. Most importantly IL-10 is essential in the induction as well as immune suppressor activity of Tr1 cells. We found that AAA patients have a decreased number of Tr1 cells compared to risk-factor matched controls, and that those cells are functionally defective, producing reduced levels of IL-10 and having impaired immune suppression abilities. Moreover, naive CD4+ T cells from AAA patients were resistant to Tr1 induction in vitro , and AAA plasma likewise impaired the induction of Tr1 cells from healthy CD4+ T cells. Plasma miRNA analysis revealed a profile of expression changes in AAA patients that inhibit IL-10 expression. Together, these results suggest a critical defect of Tr1 cells in AAA, driven by impaired IL-10 expression, which could contribute to AAA disease pathology.
RF radiometery sensor sensitivity and detection profile (2007)

Temperature sensing using microwave radiometry has proven value for non-invasively measuring the absolute temperature of tissues inside the human body. However, current clinical radiometers operate in GHz or infrared frequency ranges; this limits their depth of penetration since the human body is not "transparent" at these frequencies. To address this problem, we have previously designed and built an advanced, near-field radiometer operating at VHF frequencies (64 MHz) with a ~100 KHz bandwidth. The radiometer has performed accurate temperature measurements to within plusmn0.1degC, over a tested physiological range of 28-40degC in saline phantoms whose electric properties match those of human tissue. In this work we analyze radiofrequency (RF) coil designs suitable for RF Radiometry. We investigate the coil profile sensitivity to look where temperature information is coming from and the depth of penetration associated with the receiver used. We also look into the virtues of using multi-turn coils versus single loop coils. We conclude that by using multi-turn coils the received noise signal is more sensitive to sample noise and temperature can be estimated more accurately especially with the use of smaller receivers.
Weakly pulse-coupled oscillators, FM interactions, synchronization, and oscillatory associative memory (1999)

We study pulse-coupled neural networks that satisfy only two assumptions: each isolated neuron fires periodically, and the neurons are weakly connected. Each such network can be transformed by a piece-wise continuous change of variables into a phase model, whose synchronization behavior and oscillatory associative properties are easier to analyze and understand. Using the phase model, we can predict whether a given pulse-coupled network has oscillatory associative memory, or what minimal adjustments should be made so that it can acquire memory. In the search for such minimal adjustments we obtain a large class of simple pulse-coupled neural networks that can memorize and reproduce synchronized temporal patterns the same way a Hopfield network does with static patterns. The learning occurs via modification of synaptic weights and/or synaptic transmission delays.
Genetic Control of the Immune Response to Phage fd (1977)

Abstract The immune response to bacteriophage fd has been tested in congenic resistant strains of mice. B10 mice are high responders; B10.BR and B10.D2 mice are low responders. B10.A mice with the recombinant H-2a haplotype as well as heterozygous H-2k/d (B10.BR × B10.D2) F1 mice respond with high antibody titers, indicating the existence of two complementing Ir genes. From the results obtained with recombinant and F1 hybrid mice, Irfd α can be localized to the right of the crossover between the IE and IC subregions, Irfd β to the left of IB, presumably at IA. Complementation is observed with selected pairs of alleles only, suggesting α-β coupled complementation. In addition to genes in the H-2 complex, there are non-H-2 background genes modulating H-2 regulated anti-fd response. B10.BR mice lack primary IgM and IgG antibodies, yet are able to mount a secondary IgG anti-fd response, giving evidence for intact memory formation in this low responder strain. The combined data are most easily interpreted by assuming that both H- and non-H- genes modulate the effective immunogenic dose of antigen.
Totally Synthetic Lumiestrone (1951)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTotally Synthetic LumiestroneWilliam S. Johnson and Leland J. ChinnCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1951, 73, 10, 4987–4988Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1951Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1951https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01154a526https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01154a526research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views75Altmetric-Citations8LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cyclic Variations in the Increased Responsiveness of the Pituitary to Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone (LHRH) Induced by LHRH (1975)

Following a single iv injection of 50 ng of LH-releasing hormone (LHRH), a small increase in plasma LH titers was observed and this response was greater on proestrus and estrus than in other stages of the cycle. When a second injection of a similar dose of the neurohormone was given one hour later, the response to the second injection was markedly enhanced on proestrus but only slightly increased at other stages of the cycle. The response to LHRH in androgenized females was similar to that observed on proestrus, and, as on proestrus, an enhanced response to a second injection occurred. Only small increases in FSH followed these injections and there was no increase in responsiveness to the second injection in any of the groups. It is postulated that rising estrogen titers can bring about a priming action of LHRH which enhances the response of the gland to a second injection on proestrus. The priming action of LHRH may magnify the response of the pituitary to endogenous decapeptide release to further increase the release of LH on the afternoon of proestrus.
Recording Performance of Perpendicular Magnetic Recording Media Measured With Contact-Type Cusp-Field Write Head (2006)

The recording performance of perpendicular magnetic recording media with CoPtCr-SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> storage layers was investigated by using contact-type and flying-type cusp-field write heads. It was suggested that contact recording can be very effective in improving the recording performance, in comparison with the flying-type write head. The recording resolution and overwrite performance were explained in terms of write ability, but were independent of the microstructure of the granular storage layer. On the other hand, the magnetic isolation between magnetic grains in the storage layer was very effective in decreasing medium noise. This improvement of recording performance was attributed to the formation of a well-isolated fine-gain structure from the initial growing region in a two-step deposited storage layer. Moreover, it was confirmed that the transition jitter is still the main cause of the medium noise in perpendicular magnetic recording using contact-type write heads
Cell surface lipids and adhesion: III. the effects on cell adhesion of changes in plasmalemmal lipids (1975)

The two preceding papers of this series suggest that the state of the plasmalemmal lipids affects cell adhesion. Plasmalemmal composition was altered by the experimental incorporation of fatty acids into R1 and R2 positions in the phosphatidyl components of the cell surface. In this paper we report that: (1) If the incorporation is of long chain length fatty acids (saturated) cell adhesion rises. (2) If the incorporation is of unsaturated fatty acids cell adhesion falls as the unsaturation increases. (3) Incorporation has to be extensive to produce a large change in adhesion. (4) Changes in adhesion parallel the plasmalemmal incorporation but do not follow the total cell incorporation. Item (4) argues that it is plasmalemmal and not other membrane lipids that are involved in cell adhesion. Item (3) suggests that bulk membrane properties and not some very specific grouping are involved in the effects of lipids on adhesion. The similar extents of incorporation of the various different fatty acids and the negligible amounts of lysophospholipids in the membranes of cells that have incorporated fatty acids argue that the effects are not due to differential accumulations of these lysolipids when incubations are done with different fatty acids. The changes in adhesion cannot be accounted for by changes in surface charge density since the electrophoretic mobility of the cells is unchanged by these incubations. It is suggested that these effects on adhesion due to changes in plasmalemmal lipids can be explained either in terms of the action of intermembrane van der Waals--London (electrodynamic) forces in cell adhesion or of changes in surface fluidity. These alternatives are discussed.
Comparison of Two Sets of Low-Order Basis Functions for Tetrahedral VIE Modeling (2004)

A convergence study is made for the two types of low-order basis functions for the volume integral equation (VIE). Both functions impose the continuity of the normal component of the electric flux through the faces. The one basis function is that of Schaubert, Wilton, and Glisson (1984) and is face-based. Another basis function was first introduced by de Carvalho and de Souza Mendes (1999) and is edge-based. The exact number of unknowns for the edge-based functions is determined in this study. The study demonstrates a better performance of the edge-based basis functions compared to the face-based bases. First, the edge-based basis functions have nearly the same or a faster convergence rate for equal tetrahedral meshes. They also show a high numerical stability. Second, for the same tetrahedral mesh, the number of unknowns for the edge-based functions is considerably smaller. The ratio of unknowns (edge-based versus face-based) ranges from 0.6 for rough plate meshes to approximately 0.5 for large volumetric meshes. Third, the edge-based functions are piecewise constant and are easily implemented into the method of moments. Their disadvantage is a preliminary condition "operation," which implies the elimination of the nullspace of the basis set.
An Artificial Diet for the Boll Weevil, Anthonomus grandis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Based on the Analysis of Amino Acids in Cotton Squares12 (1966)

Diets suitable for larvae and adults of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, were formulated from cotton flower bud protein and free amino acids in combination with other standard nutrients. Analyses of anthers of young flower buds determined the quantities of protein and free amino acids to be included. Preliminary results indicated that the diet could be used to study the lipid requirements of the weevil. Naturally occurring lipids were effectively removed from the finely divided flower bud protein by Soxhlet extraction for 12 days. Pure fats and sterols were then added back to the diet to replace those removed. A uniform dispersal of lipids in the diet was accomplished by adding an ethyl ether solution of lipids to the dried protein. The ether was allowed to evaporate, and the lipid-coated protein was then mixed with the other diet ingredients. Larvae reared from this diet were larger than those reared from other less refined diets. Adults laid almost as many eggs in artificial diet as they did in fresh cotton flower buds.
Case 39-1977 (1977)

Presentation of CaseAn 11-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of azotemia.She was well until eight days previously, when a sore throat developed. On the following day fever and cervical pain appeared, and she experienced urinary frequency, urgency and dysuria; aspirin was administered. Six days before entry there was the onset of a nonpruritic, erythematous, papular rash over the trunk and extremities; the rash subsided during the next two or three days. Five days before admission she complained of headache, and her temperature rose to 38.9°C. Three days before entry dark urine was observed. On the following . . .
Utilizing Cell–Matrix Interactions To Modulate Gene Transfer to Stem Cells Inside Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels (2011)

The effective delivery of DNA locally would increase the applicability of gene therapy in tissue regeneration, where diseased tissue is to be repaired in situ. One promising approach is to use hydrogel scaffolds to encapsulate and deliver plasmid DNA in the form of nanoparticles to the diseased tissue, so that cells infiltrating the scaffold are transfected to induce regeneration. This study focuses on the design of a DNA nanoparticle-loaded hydrogel scaffold. In particular, this study focuses on understanding how cell-matrix interactions affect gene transfer to adult stem cells cultured inside matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) degradable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel scaffolds. HA was cross-linked to form a hydrogel material using a MMP degradable peptide and Michael addition chemistry. Gene transfer inside these hydrogel materials was assessed as a function of polyplex nitrogen to phosphate ratio (N/P = 5 to 12), matrix stiffness (100-1700 Pa), RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) concentration (10-400 μM), and RGD presentation (0.2-4.7 RGDs per HA molecule). All variables were found to affect gene transfer to mouse mensenchymal stem cells culture inside the DNA loaded hydrogels. As expected, higher N/P ratios lead to higher gene transfer efficiency but also higher toxicity; softer hydrogels resulted in higher transgene expression than stiffer hydrogels, and an intermediate RGD concentration and RGD clustering resulted in higher transgene expression. We believe that the knowledge gained through this in vitro model can be utilized to design better scaffold-mediated gene delivery for local gene therapy.
P1‐309: AGREEMENT, SENSITIVITY, AND SPECIFICITY BETWEEN THE NEUROPATHOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL DIAGNOSES OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (AD) DEMENTIA: A MULTICENTER LONGITUDINAL STUDY (2014)

The definite diagnosis of AD dementia relies on neuropathology. The literature reports an agreement of 83-93% between clinical and neuropathological diagnosis. In vivo markers could improve the diagnosis accuracy.Objectives: To analyze the agreement between the clinical and the neuropathological diagnosis & to establish the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic markers. A cohort of 604 patients is being followed (“cohort FRA”) annually with clinical follow-up including neuropsychological standardized evaluation, MRI and molecular imaging. So far 76 patients deceased, of which 39 accepted the postmortem brain neuropathological exam. We reviewed their pre-mortem and the neuropathological data. The agreement for the clinical and neuropathological diagnosis was subsequently established and the agreement between each exam (neuropsychological evaluation, CSF biomarkers, MRI, SPECT/PET) and the clinical and neuropathological diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of each marker was also calculated. The mean age was 60,0 ±10,2 years at dementia onset. They died at a mean age of 69,5±10,3 years. The prevalence of AD pathology was (31/39) 79,5%. AD patients had at least another pathological finding among which the two more frequent were amyloid angiopathy (65 %) and Lewy body accumulation (45 %, half diffuse). The agreement between clinical and neuropathological diagnosis was 93,3% with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% for the diagnosis of AD dementia and the agreement between neuropsychological evaluation and both clinical and neuropathological diagnosis was 96% notwithstanding associated pathology (Lewy pathology was clinically underestimated). For CSF biomarkers assay, the agreement with both clinical and neuropathological diagnosis was 100%. For the patients who underwent functional imaging (SPECT/PET), the exam had an agreement of 90,0% for the clinical diagnosis and of 82,6% for the neuropathological diagnosis. MRI in this sample was unhelpful in 40-50% of the cases. The agreement, sensitivity and specificity between clinical and neuropathological diagnoses in this sample were high even though the cohort was multicentric and the mixed pathology prevalence elevated. The exams that have proven more useful were the extensive and early neuropsychological evaluation and the biomarkers assay in CSF.
Blind identification of nonlinear channels excited by discrete alphabet inputs (2002)

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are employed to describe digital communication channels, and their parameters are estimated in a blind fashion. General nonlinear channels can be accommodated which are not restricted to be of the Volterra type. Contrary to standard HMM parameter estimation techniques, which resort to nonlinear optimization of the likelihood function, the proposed method is based on a graph theoretic approach. We exploit the De Bruijn property of the channel's state transition graph, and develop computationally efficient blind estimation procedures involving shortest path searches. We show the identifiability of the associated graph problem and discuss convergence issues. Finally, some illustrative simulations are presented.