gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and evaluation of improved barrier fabrics for protection against toxic aerosols and biological agents. Phase 2. Final report, January 1993-December 1994 (1995)

The ultimate objective of this research is to develop semipermeable barrier fabrics which provide better protection for chemical protective clothing applications. In order to understand the relationship between the aerosol particle penetration and the structure of barrier fabrics, the research activities in Phase I focused on measuring the transmission of aerosols through test fabrics, determining the penetration mechanisms, and evaluating the pore size distributions in the fabrics. Based on the knowledge gained in Phase I, a set of 32 fabrics was designed, fabricated, and evaluated in Phase II using a 2-level, 7-factor, statistical design. Five additional outer fabrics and a carbon foam liner supplied by the U.S. Army Natick RDE Center (Natick) were evaluated to provide further insights into the effect of dual layers of fabrics and their relative orientations on aerosol penetration. The results of this research have been described in a Doctoral Dissertation by Dr. Surinder M. Maini (based on the 32 statistically designed fabrics) 1 and in a Master of Science thesis by Ms. Amelia Tosti 2 (on the fabrics supplied by Natick) in accordance with the research proposal. Abstracts of these two documents are presented in Section 2.0. The rest of this report describes the workmore » and results conducted during Phase II. pg14. JMD.« less
Effect of Epoxy-Based Structural Foam on Energy Management: An Experimental & Analytical Investigation (2001)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The effect of epoxy-based structural foam on strength, stiffness, and energy absorption of foam filled structural components is investigated and implemented to formulate design guide-lines that can be used in enhancing weight reduction and engineering functions of systems.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">An experimental approach is first utilized to identify design variables such as foam density, gage, and foam layer thickness, that are needed to enhance the weight/ performance ratio of structural hat-section components. A CAE approach using non-linear, large deformation finite element analysis is used to model the hat-section components. An acceptance level of confidence in the CAE analytical tools is then established based on comparisons of results between the two approaches. Upon that, the CAE analytical tools are deployed in a sensitivity study to quantify the crush/crash characteristics of foam-filled hat-section components with respect to the changes in the afore mentioned design variables. Design charts are presented, from which design variables can be selected for particular applications in order to establish the weight effectiveness of foam reinforcement.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In the foam thickness range investigated (5–8 mm), the axially absorbed energy increased between 50–125%, while the maximum axial strength increased by 10–25% only. On the other hand, the flexural energy absorption increased from 10–40%, while the maximum bending load registered an increase ranging from 25 to 80%. Therefore, the use of thin gages accompanied by foam layers in the 5 to 8 mm range would result in the most efficient energy absorbing axial structural components. In addition, maximum bending strength can also be increased with almost no weight penalty, by deploying similar thicknesses of the epoxy-based foam in beam components. The cut-off gages for the efficiency of the epoxy-based foam (in the studied foam thickness layers of 5–8 mm) ranges from 1.4-1.8 mm for flexural applications and from 2.0–2.2mm for axial applications.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The enhancement in the structural characteristics of columns and beams through structural foam deployment, is due to a delayed local buckling mechanism. On the other hand, foam deployment in beams has to be enhanced in density and location, where plastic hinges are likely to form. This enhancement in location will minimize the total weight of the component thus maximizing the total specific energy gain per that member.</div>
Detection of Inconsistency Between Subject and Speaker Based on the Co-occurrence of Lip Motion and Voice Towards Speech Scene Extraction from News Videos (2011)

We propose a method to detect the inconsistency between a subject and the speaker for extracting speech scenes from news videos. Speech scenes in news videos contain a wealth of multimedia information, and are valuable as archived material. In order to extract speech scenes from news videos, there is an approach that uses the position and size of a face region. However, it is difficult to extract them with only such approach, since news videos contain non-speech scenes where the speaker is not the subject, such as narrated scenes. To solve this problem, we propose a method to discriminate between speech scenes and narrated scenes based on the co-occurrence between a subject's lip motion and the speaker's voice. The proposed method uses lip shape and degree of lip opening as visual features representing a subject's lip motion, and uses voice volume and phoneme as audio feature representing a speaker's voice. Then, the proposed method discriminates between speech scenes and narrated scenes based on the correlations of these features. We report the results of experiments on videos captured in a laboratory condition and also on actual broadcast news videos. Their results showed the effectiveness of our method and the feasibility of our research goal.
The Nucleotide Sequence of the Leftmost XhoI Fragment (6%) of Simian Adenovirus SA7P (1984)

The DNA of simian adenovirus SA7P was cloned in pBR322. The nucleotide sequences of the leftmost 2238 bp and the rightmost 188 bp of the viral genome were determined. SA7P DNA has an inverted terminal repeat of 183 bp. The sequence at the left terminus exhibits extensive homology with that of the E1 regions of human adenovirus 5, 7 and 12 DNAs. Based on this homology, the RNA coordinates and coding regions could be deduced. The sequenced SA7P DNA contains the entire E1A and part of the E1B region.
Nondestructive evaluation of composite materials via scanning laser ultrasound spectroscopy (2017)

Composite materials pose a complex problem for ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation due to their unique material properties, greater damping, and often complicated geometry. In this study, we explored acoustic wavenumber spectroscopy (AWS) as a means of rapid inspection of laminate and honeycomb composites. Each aerospace sample was tested at different ultrasonic frequencies using steady-state excitation via a piezo electric actuator. We measured the velocity response of the composite at each pixel via a raster scan using a laser Doppler vibrometer. We were able to detect radial inserts along corners, delamination, and facing-core separation by analyzing local amplitude and wavenumber responses. For each honeycomb composite, we excited the sample at the first resonant frequency of the individual cells. The local mode shape for each cell was extracted from the local amplitude response. Analyzing local amplitude and phase responses for each cell provided an accurate indication as to the presence, size, shape, and type of defect present in the composite. We detected both delamination and deformation of cells within a honeycomb composite. For the laminar composites, we analyzed the non-resonance steady-state response at several excitation frequencies.
Cleavable Substrate Containing Molecular Beacons for the Quantification of DNA‐Photolyase Activity (2002)

In order to gain deeper insight into the function and interplay of proteins in cells it is essential to develop methods that allow the profiling of protein function in real time, in solution, in cells, and in cell organelles. Here we report the development of a U-type oligonucleotide (molecular beacon) that contains a fluorophore and a quencher at the tips, and in addition a substrate analogue in the loop structure. This substrate analogue induces a hairpin cleavage in response to enzyme action, which is translated into a fluorescence signal. The molecular beacon developed here was used to characterize DNA-photolyase activity. These enzymes represent a challenge for analytical methods because of their low abundance in cells. The molecular beacon made it possible to measure the activity of purified class I and class II photolyases. Photolyase activity was even detectable in crude cell extracts.
Determinants of antagonist binding at the α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid receptor subunit, GluR‐D (2002)

Previous structural and mutagenesis studies indicate that the invariant alpha-amino and alpha-carboxyl groups of glutamate receptor agonists are engaged in polar interactions with oppositely charged, conserved arginine and glutamate residues in the ligand-binding domain of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor. To examine the role of these residues (R507 and E727 in the GluR-D subunit) in the discrimination between agonists and antagonists, we analyzed the ligand-binding properties of homomeric GluR-D and its soluble ligand-binding domain with mutations at these positions. Filter-binding assays using [3H]AMPA, an agonist, and [3H]Ro 48-8587, a high-affinity antagonist, as radioligands revealed that even a conservative mutation at R507 (R507K) resulted in the complete loss of both agonist and antagonist binding. In contrast, a negative charge at position 727 was necessary for agonist binding, whereas the isosteric mutation, E727Q, abolished all agonist binding but retained high-affinity binding for [3H]Ro 48-8587, displaceable by 7,8-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione. Competition binding studies with antagonists representing different structural classes in combination with ligand docking experiments suggest that the role of E727 is antagonist-specific, ranging from no interaction to weak electrostatic interactions involving indirect and direct hydrogen bonding with the antagonist molecule. These results underline the importance of ion pair interaction with E727 for agonist activity and suggest that an interaction with R507, but not with E727, is essential for antagonist binding.
Gene defect behind APECED: a new clue to autoimmunity (1998)

The molecular background of human autoimmunity is poorly understood. Although many autoimmune diseases have a genetic basis, the actual disease appearance results from a complex interplay between genes and environment and thus these diseases represent typical multifactorial diseases. Even with molecular tools provided by the Human Genome Project, it still remains a challenge to identify the predisposing DNA variants behind such multifactorial traits. Two strategies have been suggested to provide short-cuts to the dissection of the genetic background of complex autoimmune diseases: (i) identification of genes in rare human diseases with a strong autoimmune component or (ii) unravelling loci causing phenotypes resembling autoimmune diseases in inbred mice strains. Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a monogenic autosomal disease with a recessive inheritance pattern, characterized by multiple autoimmune endocrinopathies, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and ectodermal dystrophies. Since it is the only known human autoimmune disease inherited in a Mendelian fashion, it provides an excellent model to analyse the genetic component of human autoimmunity. The causative gene for APECED was isolated recently by a traditional positional cloning strategy by two independent groups. The cDNA for the APECED gene proved to originate from a novel gene, AIRE , which is expressed prevalently in thymus, pancreas and adrenal cortex. Multiple mutations in AIRE have been identified in APECED patients. The predicted proline-rich AIRE polypeptide harbours two PHD-type zinc finger motifs and contains a putative nuclear targeting signal suggesting its involvement in the regulation of transcription. In the future, functional analysis of the AIRE protein both in vitro and in vivo will provide valuable insight not only into the molecular pathogenesis of APECED but also into the aetiology of autoimmunity in general.
Correlation of high-resolution magic angle spinning proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy with histopathology of intact human brain tumor specimens. (1998)

High-resolution magic angle spinning proton (HRMAS 1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy produces well-resolved spectra of metabolites from intact tissue specimens. Here we report the results of a preliminary study of 19 human brain tumors obtained by applying this method. Among these 19 cases were 2 low-grade astrocytomas, 1 anaplastic astrocytoma, 8 glioblastomas, 6 meningiomas, and 2 schwannomas. In addition, autopsy human brain tissues from two subjects without any known neurological diseases were used as normal controls. The HRMAS 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements were performed at 2 degrees C on a 400-MHz NMR spectrometer with a HRMAS speed of 2.5 kHz. From these HRMAS 1H MR spectra, we measured the concentrations of 11 metabolites, the ratios of 15 metabolites (resonances) to creatine (at 3.03 ppm), and the spin-spin relaxation time for these metabolites (resonances). Our results indicate that these parameters have the potential to characterize tumor types and grades with statistical significance as well as identify tumor biochemical characteristics. In particular, we found that compared with metabolite concentrations and metabolite spin-spin relaxation time, the metabolic ratios presented the highest sensitivity in differentiating normal tissue from tumors, as well as in distinguishing between tumor groups. Of 15 analyzed metabolic ratios, 12 showed statistical significance in differentiating normal tissue from low-grade and anaplastic astrocytomas, 13 showed statistical significance in differentiating normal tissue from glioblastomas, 14 showed statistical significance in differentiating normal tissue from schwannomas, and 9 showed statistical significance in differentiating normal tissue from meningiomas. Moreover, our results strongly indicate that the resonance ratio of inositol (at 4.05 ppm) to creatine may help distinguish tumor type. Our results suggest that the HRMAS method for intact tissue measurement may function as an adjunct to histopathology and contribute to improved accuracy for brain tumor diagnoses.
SOA-Induced Noise Effects on Chaos Generation and Synchronization of Semiconductor Lasers (2007)

In this letter, the noise effects induced by semiconductor optical amplification within a cavity with external optical feedback are studied, in terms of chaos complexity of the generated emitter's signal, as well as the ability of an appropriate receiver to synchronize with the emitted signal in a chaos-based optical communication system.
Catalytic combustion for NOx abatement. (1990)

This paper describes concept and current status of development of catalytic combustion for NOx (nitrogen oxides) abatement. Catalytic combustion is an alternative technology, currently under development, which has been offering the potential of meeting SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx) emission level and cost reduction. A conventional combustion process produces a peak temperature which is far into the thermal NOx formation region. In contrast, a catalytic combustion process maintains a peak temperature well below the NOx formation region without compromising combustion efficiency.Two types of the catalytic combustion concept have been proposed. One employs both homogeneous (gas phase) reaction and heterogeneous (catalyst surface) reaction to accomplish complete combustion within a honeycomb catalyst bed. It suggests that the catalyst temperature reaches the adiabatic temperature of fuelair mixtures and that the catalyst shoud withstand above 1300°C. The other employs only heterogeneous reaction, within a honeycomb catalyst bed, to reduce maximum catalyst temperature. And, complete combustion takes place in a post catalyst bed without a catalyst. The maximum catalyst temperature is maintained around 1000°C.Based on these concepts, several development programs for gas turbine applications have been conducted in USA and Japan. They demonstrated very low NOx emission performance (lower than 10ppmv). Despite the low NOx capability of catalytic combustion, further development efforts are needed in catalyst material, combustor design and control system.
Papillary squamous cell carcinoma in three young dogs (1988)

Papillary squamous cell carcinomas were located on the gingiva of 3 young dogs. The tumors locally invaded the soft tissues of each dog, and invaded bone in 2 dogs. Surgical excision was unsuccessful in eliminating 2 of the tumors. Surgery and radiotherapy were effective, and recurrence has not been observed in 39 months in 1 dog, 32 months in a second, and 10 months in a third. Superficially, the oral masses resembled papillomas, which are known to be caused by viruses. Cytopathologic indication of productive infection was not evident, and papillomavirus antigens could not be detected by immunohistochemical methods. Electron microscopy failed to identify viral particles in 2 of the tumors. High and low molecular weight DNA extracts from 2 of the tumors contained no detectable papillomavirus genome when probed under conditions of either high or low stringency by Southern blot hybridization with a cloned canine oral papillomavirus genome.
Protein Loss in Piglets Infected with Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (1975)

Summary A study on the behaviour of 131 I‐labelled homologous albumin administered to experimental piglets infected with transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus at 4 or 7 days of age showed that the rates of albumin elimination from the blood and its excretion in the faeces were more than fourfold higher than in uninfected controls. An investigation into the kinetics of albumin in the piglet body after TGE virus infection demonstrated hypercatabolism of albumin which occurred at the expense of albumin in the extravascular compartments. From these results it appears that TGE of pigs is accompanied not only by malabsorption but also by considerable losses of extravascular protein. Zusammenfassung Proteinverlust in Ferkeln, die mit dem TGE Virus infiziert wurden Es wurde die Ausscheidungsrate von 131 J‐markiertem homologem Albumin in Ferkeln studiert, die im Alter von 4 bzw. 7 Tagen mit dem TGE Virus infiziert worden waren. Es zeigte sich, daß die Albuminausscheidung aus dem Blut und seine Exkretion mit dem Faeces bei den infizierten Tieren mehr als um das Vierfache erhöht waren im Vergleich zu nichtinfizierten Kontrollen. Der übermäßige Albuminabbau in Ferkeln nach einer TGE Virusinfektion erfolgte auf Kosten des Albumins im extravaskulären Gewebe. Aus den Ergebnissen geht hervor, daß während der TGE Infektion der Ferkel nicht nur eine schlechte Absorption von Protein erfolgt, sondern auch ein starker Verlust an extravaskulärem Protein eintritt. Résumé Perte de protéines chez des porcelets infectés avec le virus de la gastroentérite infectieuse (TGE) Le taux d'excrétion de l'albumine homologue marquée au 131 J a été étudié chez des porcelets infectés à l'âge de 4 et 7 jours avec le virus TGE. La sécrétion de l'albumine par le sang et son excrétion dans les fèces fut quatre fois plus élevée chez les animaux infectés en comparaison avec les contrôles non infectés. La diminution massive de l'albumine chez des porcelets infectés avec le virus TGE s'est faite au dépens de l'albumine des tissus extravasculaires. Les résultats ont montré, pendant une infection à TGE du porcelet, qu'il y a non seulement une mauvaise absorption des protéines, mais également une forte perte de protéine extravasculaire. Resumen Pérdida proteica en los lechones que fueron infectados con el virus GET Se estudió la tasa de eliminación de albúmina homóloga marcada con 131 J en lechones, que se infectaron a la edad de 4 resp. 7 días con el virus de la GET. Se vió que la eliminación de albúmina sanguínea y su excreción con las heces se hallaba aumentada en los animales infectados en más del cuádruple, en comparación con los testigos no infectados. El catabolismo albumínico excesivo en los lechones tras su infección por el virus GET acontecía a costa de la albúmina del tejido extravascular. Se desprende de los resultados que durante la infección de GET no se produce solo una absorción mala de las proteínas, sino que también se origina una pérdida descomedida de las proteínas extravasculares.
A linear programming solution to the gate assignment problem at airport terminals (1980)

June 1980
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Thieno[2,3‐c:5,4‐c]dipyridine and the One Electron Transfer Properties of Its Dimethyl Diquaternary Salt. (1986)

Abstract 3,3′‐Thio‐bis‐pyridin (I) kann mit Natrium in Ammoniak mit schlechter Ausbeute zum Thjeno‐dipyridin (II) cyclisiert werden.
Rearrangements of Bicyclic Nitrones to Lactams: Comparison of Photochemical and Modified Barton Conditions. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Managing Uncertainty of Well Log Data in Reservoir Characterization (2009)

Abstract Well log data provides valuable information for characterizing reservoirs through seismic analysis, reservoir modeling and fluid substitution. Reliable economic evaluation of a reservoir demands reliable characterization of reservoir properties. It is crucial to have a reliable uncertainty analysis for non-unique solutions of reservoir characterization. A stochastic petrophysical model based on an inversion algorithm was used to compute reservoir properties. The well log data uncertainty and the resulting impact were studied with an error propagation algorithm. The algorithm was presented to calculate propagated error and manage uncertainties based on Gassmann's fluid substitution. Data control for the input measurement of Gassmann's equation was performed through environmental uncertainties analysis before proceeding with the inversion. To demonstrate the error propagation in reservoir characterization, we studied both in-situ and dry models before fluid substitution. Then, the uncertainty analysis was performed for the new model with fluid substitution. Moreover, the propagated errors for velocities of the new model were also evaluated. A joint interpretation based on a volumetric mathematical model of various logging measurements was used to analyze data quality. In this paper, we present an important insight into uncertainty analysis and error propagation in fluid replacement modeling. The algorithm provides stable solutions with uncertainty control for reservoir characterization.
A formalization of the CORDS Process Model using Mondel (1992)

The CORDS Process Model (CPM) represents an architectural model on which the components of the CORDS project will be patterned. The CPM describes a set of concepts, like process, port, conventions for process creation, ports initialization and binding, and some abstract primitives for interprocess communication. It includes a set of language independent datatypes that can appear in messages exchanged between processes and an interface definition mechanism for specifying contracts between communicating processes. In this paper, we describe formally the concepts of inport, outport, and process using the object-oriented specification language Mondel. The modelization in Mondel of the abstract primitives of the CPM is provided. We also discuss the applications and advantages of such formal description of the CPM.