gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Protein stability parameters measured by hydrogen exchange (1994)

The hydrogen exchange (HX) rates of the slowest peptide group NH hydrogens in oxidized cytochrome c (equine) are controlled by the transient global unfolding equilibrium. These rates can be measured by one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance and used to determine the thermodynamic parameters of global unfolding at mild solution conditions well below the melting transition. The free energy for global unfolding measured by hydrogen exchange can differ from values found by standard denaturation methods, most notably due to the slow cis-trans isomerization of the prolyl peptide bond. This difference can be quantitatively calculated from basic principles. Even with these corrections, HX experiments at low denaturant concentration measure a free energy of protein stability that rises above the usual linear extrapolation from denaturation data, as predicted by the denaturant binding model of Tanford.
Letters to the Editor: Dispensing practices and labelling of drugs (2005)

Editor, -Recommendations from the Safety and Quality Council regarding the 'High-risk medication alert: intravenous potassium chloride' (Aust Prescr 2005;28:14-16) warrant further comment. Many elderly and frail patients requiring parenteral potassium supplementation are readily at risk of volume overload if administered potassium salts in dilute infusions, as illustrated in the article. High dependency and intensive monitoring areas are now being approached to admit and supervise patients merely for the intravenous administration of concentrated potassium salt, or at worst to manage the The Australian pharmaceutical industry sees increased transparency as the right to scrutinise the deliberations of the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC). Currently, companies are informed why their drugs are not recommended for subsidy on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. Increased
The ac quantum Hall effect as a primary standard of impedance (2006)

The quantum Hall resistance measured at frequencies in the kilohertz range shows frequency- and current-dependent deviations from the quantized dc resistance value. This has been attributed to capacitive effects which are reflected in the ac longitudinal resistance. Nulling the ac longitudinal resistance results in a frequency- and current-independent quantum Hall resistance. This criterion is in close analogy to the dc case and shows that the quantum Hall effect measured with ac is the same as with dc. This allows application as a primary standard of impedance.
Préface (1992)

Depuis près d’un siècle est édité annuellement ou presque à Lyon un annuaire qui s’impose sous son titre abrégé du « Tout-Lyon », et on pourrait croire qu’analyser le Tout-Lyon est verser dans l’histoire lyonnaise, au sens étroit du terme. Or qui dit « Tout-Lyon » dit nécessairement choix, présents et absents, critères de choix, signification de l’inscription dans une liste de noms de familles. Les sciences sociales, la sociologie et l’histoire se sont depuis longtemps intéressées à de tels a...
Evaluation of high resolution thermal imaging to determine the effect of vertebral fractures on associated skin surface temperature in children with osteogenesis imperfecta (2018)

Vertebral fractures are common in children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Current imaging methods for fracture detection (X-ray and DXA) use ionising radiation. This pilot study explored whether the alteration in blood flow in vertebral fractures results in skin temperature changes that may be detected using high resolution thermal imaging (HRTI) and thus assist diagnosis and monitoring of fractures in OI patients. Eleven participants aged 5-18 years with OI and known vertebral fractures were enrolled. Small metal discs were placed on the skin surface alongside the vertebrae before participants had DXA and X-ray scans and thermal imaging of their backs. Visibility of the discs on the DXA and X-ray scans and thermal images allowed the temperatures of the skin surface above vertebrae without (healthy) and with fractures to be compared to their respective adjacent skin surface regions (region of reference, ROR) by calculating the temperature percentage change (TPC). The TPC between the skin temperature over the fractured thoracic vertebrae (n = 11) and the ROR was significant (1.44%, p = 0.002, 95% confidence). TPC between the skin temperature over healthy thoracic vertebrae and ROR was not significant (0.97%, p = 0.15, 95% confidence). HRTI may provide a novel tool for assisting in detection of vertebral fractures in OI. Graphical abstract • Patients (aged 5-18) with osteogenesis imperfecta and known vertebral fractures. • Thermal imaging was performed alongside routine imaging (DXA scan and spinal X-ray). • The temperature above each vertebra was compared with its adjacent skin region to assist with diagnosis of the fracture.
Improved prediction of the intermodulation distortion characteristics of MESFETs and PHEMTs via a robust nonlinear device model (2002)

The paper investigates the intermodulation distortion (IMD) prediction capabilities of the COBRA model by analysing the first, second and third order derivatives of the drain I/V model and the gate Q/V model. The model is extracted simply from DC and small-signal S-parameter data, without the need for complex low-frequency (VHF) measurements of harmonic output levels under low-load conditions, as proposed in previous studies. The computed main I/V characteristic and its derivatives are shown to be continuous over the entire bias plane, and are proven to give better results than other models available. Results of two-tone large signal tests for the case of a 0.2 /spl mu/m PHEMT process are presented, showing excellent agreement between simulated and experimental third and fifth intermodulation products.
"Betweenness Centrality" as an Indicator of the "Interdisciplinarity" of Scientific Journals (2009)

In addition to science citation indicators of journals like impact and immediacy, social network analysis provides a set of centrality measures like degree, betweenness, and closeness centrality. These measures are first analyzed for the entire set of 7,379 journals included in the Journal Citation Reports of the Science Citation Index and the Social Sciences Citation Index 2004, and then also in relation to local citation environments which can be considered as proxies of specialties and disciplines. Betweenness centrality is shown to be an indicator of the interdisciplinarity of journals, but only in local citation environments and after normalization because otherwise the influence of degree centrality (size) overshadows the betweenness-centrality measure. The indicator is applied to a variety of citation environments, including policy-relevant ones like biotechnology and nanotechnology.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Status in Breast Cancer Metastases to the Central Nervous System (2004)

Thirty-nine percent of patients with metastatic breast cancer express EGFR, with parallel expression between metastatic sites and the primary neoplasm in 82% of the cases. The discordance in 18% of the cases, however, suggests that anti-EGFR agents might not show equal efficacy against metastatic tumor deposits and the primary tumor within a given patient. An additional corollary for pathologists based on this nonhomogeneity of receptor expression is that both the primary breast and multiple metastatic tumor deposits may need to be individually assessed for EGFR status. In our study, most metastatic tumor deposits showed expression for either EGFR or HER-2/neu, and less often for both, implying that drug therapies could be individualized for patients based on test results for both receptors.
Trellis-Coded Quantization of Phases in MISO Wireless Systems (2012)

This correspondence considers multiple-input single-output (MISO) wireless systems with equal gain transmission (EGT) at the transmitter and maximum ratio combining (MRC) at the receiver. In such systems, the receiver feedbacks the elemental phases of beam-forming vectors to the transmitter. Due to finite feedback rate, the elemental phases of beam-forming vectors have to be quantized effectively before feedback. This correspondence makes use of the trellis-coded quantization (TCQ) to quantize elemental phases of beam-forming vectors. The principle of TCQ and its application to phase quantization are introduced in detail. Representative simulation results are given to verify the superiority of TCQ phase quantization over other quantization schemes. The research results can be applied to the image information such as wireless transmission systems on many agricultural robots to work together, improve the efficiency and reliability of information transmission DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v10i7.1579 Full Text: PDF
A differenciálódás folyamata a politika lokális színterein: Baranya megyei példa (1991)

be, hanem a brokratikus szocializmus erjedsnek hosszas folyamata utn, amellyel prhuzamosan nvekedtek az j politikai rendszer csri a gazdasgban, az orszgos s helyi politikban, az egyes emberek hatalomhoz val viszonyban. Az albbiakban a nyilvnos alternatv politizls kialakulsnak egyik esett mutatom be a Baranya megyei Bly pldjn abban a meggy zdsben, hogy a politikai differencilds nagyon hasonl trtnetek sort produklta orszgszerte.
Incorporating Stability in Deployable Origami-based Engineering Applications (2020)

For origami-based designs to be functional, they need to be stable. Typically, stability is achieved through the introduction of exterior supports or members. This work focuses on incorporating stability into deployable origami-based engineering applications, including the development of deployable stiffeners or hard stops and generating concepts for stable origami-based systems in specific applications. Two types of deployable stiffeners are developed. Models for transcrease hard stops are presented, which can be directly implemented into origami-patterns to block motion at a specified angle. Thickness Utilizing Deployable Hard Stops (ThUDS), adapted from the transcrease hard stop models, can be implemented into thick materials for use in origami-based design. The application of self-deploying, self-locking ThUDS in an origami-based CubeSat reflectarray is shown, designed using optimization principles. Last, various multistable furniture concepts are presented, with stability incorporated into the concept design. These concepts focus on using composite wood as the base material, due to wood's abundance and commonality in furniture design.
Clinical experience with a prototype real-time dedicated breast scanner (1982)

The evaluation of 1,003 sonomammographic examinations on a predominantly symptomatic population using a prototype real-time dedicated breast scanner is presented. Interpretations were initially made by one of four experienced radiologists without knowledge of clinical data (i.e., symptoms, age, physical findings, or other imaging modality interpretations). A second interpretation was subsequently made with this information. Pathologic confirmation was available on 262 lesions, including 71 carcinomas and 191 benign biopsies. Of the carcinomas, 19 were smaller than 2.0 cm in diameter. The sensitivity of sonographic detection of breast cancer on initial readings was 0.76 and on second readings with clinical data was 0.85. The specificity for a benign reading on sonography was 0.80 on initial interpretation and 0.81 on the second interpretation.
Insufficient Phosphorylation Prevents FcγRIIB from Recruiting the SH2 Domain-containing Protein-tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-1 (2001)

Fc gamma RIIB are IgG receptors that inhibit immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-dependent cell activation. Inhibition depends on an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM) that is phosphorylated upon Fc gamma RIIB coaggregation with ITAM-bearing receptors and recruits SH2 domain-containing phosphatases. Agarose bead-coated phosphorylated ITIM peptides (pITIMs) bind in vitro the single-SH2 inositol 5-phosphatases (SHIP1 and SHIP2) and the two-SH2 protein tyrosine phosphatases (SHP-1 and SHP-2). Phosphorylated Fc gamma RIIB, however, recruit selectively SHIP1/2 in vivo. We aimed here at explaining this discordance. We found that beads coated with low amounts of pITIM bound in vitro SHIP1, but not SHP-1, i.e. behaved as phosphorylated Fc gamma RIIB in vivo. The reason is that SHP-1 requires its two SH2 domains to bind on adjacent pITIMs. Consequently, the binding of SHP-1, but not of SHIP1, increased with pITIM density on beads. When trying to increase Fc gamma RIIB phosphorylation in B cells and mast cells, we found that concentrations of ligands optimal for Fc gamma RIIB phosphorylation failed to induce SHP-1 recruitment. SHP-1 was, however, recruited by Fc gamma RIIB when hyperphosphorylated following cell treatment with pervanadate. Our data suggest that Fc gamma RIIB phosphorylation may not be sufficient in vivo to enable the recruitment of SHP-1 but that (pathological?) conditions that would hyperphosphorylate Fc gamma RIIB might enable SHP-1 recruitment.
Rotator Cuff Tear (2011)

Preface: Maffulli, N. Epidemiology, Genetics and Biological Factors of Rotator Cuff Tears: Longo, U.G. Berton, A. Papapietro, N. Maffulli, N. Denaro, V. Biomechanics of the Rotator Cuff: European Perspective: Longo, U.G. Berton, A. Papapietro, N. Maffulli, N. Denaro, V. Role of Biomechanics in Rotator Cuff Pathology: North American Perspective: Karas, V. Cole, B.J. Wang, V.M. The Scapula in Rotator Cuff Disease: Kibler, W.B. Instability and Rotator Cuff Tear: Porcellini, G. Caranzano, F. Campi, F. Paladini, P. Growth Factors and Tendon Healing: Oliva, F. Gatti, S. Porcellini, G. Forsyth, N.R. Maffulli, N. Autologous Blood Products in Rotator Cuff Repair: Mei-Dan, O. Carmont, M.R. Tendinopathy of the Long Head of the Biceps: Snyder, G.M. Mair, S.D. Lattermann, C. Conservative Treatment and Rotator Cuff Tear Progression: Longo, U.G. Franceschi, F. Berton, A. Maffulli, N. Denaro, V. Operative Management of Partial- and Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears: Franceschi, F. Papalia, R. Palumbo, A. Del Buono, A. Maffulli, N. Denaro, V. Subscapularis Tears: Longo, U.G. Berton, A. Marinozzi, A. Maffulli, N. Denaro, V. Single- and Double-Row Repair for Rotator Cuff Tears - Biology and Mechanics: Papalia, R. Franceschi, F. Vasta, S. Zampogna, B. Maffulli, N. Denaro, V. Arthroscopic Transosseous Rotator Cuff Repair: Longo, U.G. Franceschi, F. Berton, A. Maffulli, N. Denaro, V. Treatment Options for Chronic Retracted Degenerative Rotator Cuff Tears: Deering, S.J. Mair, S.D. Lattermann, C. Synthetic Augmentation in Massive Rotator Cuff Tears: Longo, U.G. Lamberti, A. Rizzello, G. Maffulli, N. Denaro, V. Understanding and Preventing Complications in Repairing Rotator Cuff Tears: Osti, L. Papalia, R. Del Buono, A. Denaro, V. Maffulli, N.
<title>Preparation and characterization of lithium-doped and undoped CeO<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula>-TiO<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula>-ZrO<formula><inf><roman>2</roman></inf></formula> films</title> (2000)

Thin films of CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> with 23 percent mol of Ce, 45 percent mol of Ti and 32 percent mol of Zr have been prepared by the sol-gel method. The precursor sol was synthesized from a mixture of Ce(NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> (NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>6</SUB>, Ti(OP<SUP>i</SUP>)<SUB>4</SUB> and Zr(OP<SUP>i</SUP>)<SUB>4</SUB> solubilized in isopropanol and then sonicated. Xerogels were characterized by thermal analysis and x-ray diffraction. The films were deposited by dip-coating technique on ITO-Asahi glass and tread at 80 degrees C during 15 min and 450 degrees C during 15 min in oxygen atmosphere. Through the addition of lithium salt to the precursor solution films with different electrochemical performance are obtained. Their possible use as ion storage in electro chromic devices was analyzed by spectroelectrochemical measurements using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry coupled to spectrometric measurement.
Stapler Malfunction and Management (2005)

Laparoscopic nephrectomy has evolved since the first reported case by Clayman et al. (1) and is an acceptable alternative for live renal donation (2,3) and the treatment of benign (4,5) and malignant disease (6,7). Early challenges the procedure involved the controlled ligation and division of the renal artery and renal vein. The GIA was developed and allowed for safe controlled ligation and division of the intended vessel. Failure of the device, however, can be associated with severe consequences including emergent conversion to an open procedure and the possible loss of renal allograft in cases of live kidneydonation. The majority of problems, however, can be avoided with careful application and recognition. Many failures, especially if recognized prior to release of the device, can be managed without conversion to an open procedure.
Soluble carbon nanotubes open door on chemistry (1998)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTSoluble carbon nanotubes open door on chemistryRON DAGANICite this: Chem. Eng. News 1998, 76, 40, 9Publication Date (Print):October 5, 1998Publication History Published online16 November 2010Published inissue 5 October 1998https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v076n040.p009https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v076n040.p009newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 1998 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views7Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Carbon nanotubes,Nanoscience Get e-Alerts
The Transcription Initiation Pathway of Sigma 54 Mutants That Bypass the Enhancer Protein Requirement (1996)

In vitro transcription, DNase I footprinting, and abortive initiation assays were used to characterize transcription using mutant forms of sigma 54 shown previously to bypass certain enhancer requirements in vitro. The holoenzymes containing these sigma mutants produce low levels of open complexes at both the glnAp2 and glnHp2 promoters. The open complexes are unusual in that they are destroyed by heparin. Enhancer protein and ATP convert them into a stable heparin-resistant state. The enhancer response occurs over a similar range of NtrC concentration as occurs with the wild-type holoenzyme, indicating that the activation determinants have been largely preserved within these mutants. One-round transcription assays show that the mutant holoenzymes can be driven to transcribe both promoters without NtrC. The unstable opening induced by these mutations apparently serves as a conduit that can shuttle templates into transcriptionally competent complexes. The results lead to a model in which activation occurs in two steps. First, the enhancer complex overcomes an inhibitory effect of the sigma 54 leucine patch and unlocks the melting activity of the holoenzyme. Second, different sigma 54 determinants are used to drive stabilization of the open complexes, allowing the full transcription potential to be realized.
Modeling the surface condition of ferromagnetic metal by the swept-frequency eddy current method (2002)

Many ferromagnetic metals have, either by design or by happenstance, a very thin surface layer of reduced magnetic permeability. Such a layer might occur intrinsically or it might be induced by surface treatments such as case hardening, shot peening, or surface alloying. We studied the frequency-dependent impedance of a small air-cored coil of wire placed flat upon ferromagnetic metal plates. The impedance changes for nickel and iron could not be fitted to the half-space model for any values of conductivity and permeability. It is likely that the permeability varies continuously with depth in the near-surface region. Hence, it is possible that a multiple-layer model would yield a better representation of the data with a layer depth closer to that observed. In this paper, we illustrate that the multiple-layer model improves the agreement between the measured data and the approximate analytic solution. The results show that the permeability of pure nickel and pure iron decay exponentially from the base to surface.
Reliability of High-Power IGBT Modules for Traction Applications (2007)

The enhancement of the system efficiency in conjunction with a reduction of weight and volume in transportation applications requires high temperature power devices with reduced losses and with an optimized thermal management. This paper addresses the main technology issues and some recently-developed design tools to be considered in order to reach the imposed reliability level.
Distinct chemokine and cytokine gene expression pattern of murine dendritic cells and macrophages in response to<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>infection (2008)

In this study, the early innate cytokine and chemokine response of murine dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was compared. The findings indicate a dissimilar gene expression pattern between the two cell types. The expression of IL-12 and IL-23, important for promoting Th1 and Th17 cells, respectively, was up-regulated only in DCs. In addition, expression of CCL1 and CCL17, which are important in recruitment of T regulatory cells, was DC-specific, as was the expression of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10. Macrophages, in contrast, exhibited enhanced expression for CCL2 and CXCL10, chemokines that recruit cells to sites of inflammation, and for mycobactericidal molecules NO synthase 2 and TNF. Together, the findings suggest that a component of the innate DC response is not only programmed toward Th1 priming but is also for controlling the magnitude of the Th1 response, and part of the macrophage response is intended for recruiting cells to the lung and for mycobactericidal functions.
Elver fishing on the River Severn (1965)

In late February, March and April countless numbers of elvers, the fry of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla (Linn.) ), enter the mouth of the river Severn and travel upstream into fresh-water. They have been spawned in the western Atlantic in the Sargasso Sea about mid-way between Bermuda and the Leeward Islands, over two thousand miles from the coastline of Europe, and the journey across the Atlantic has taken nearly three years. The larvae, known as Leptocephalids, are transparent and laterally flattened, and they travel in the upper levels of the ocean at depths less than fifty fathoms.