gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Food and range use habits of whitetail deer on Missouri River bottomlands in Northcentral Montana (2015)

A study was conducted on Missouri River bottomlands in northcentral Montana from June 1964 to June 1965 to obtain quantitative data on food and range use habits of the whitetail deer.Four vegetation types, including cottonwood, meadow, greasewood and weed were quantitatively sampled to aid in evaluating the results.The willow type was also described, Range use was evaluated from 4,647 field observations of whitetails.Forty and 33 per cent of summer observations and 22 and 35 per cent of fall observations were made in the meadow vegetation type and alfalfa fields respectively.Fifty per cent of winter and 19 per cent of spring observations were in the cottonwood type.The weed type accounted for 26 and 53 per cent of winter and spring observations respectively.Food habits were evaluated from analyses of 48 rumen samples and examination of 57 feeding sites.Browse averaged 45, 8l, 65 and 43 per cent of the contents of rumen samples for summer, fall, winter and spring respectively and was the most important forage class for all seasons except summer, Forbs averaged 54, 17, 29 and 18 per cent respectively and constituted the most important class during summer.Grass was present in rumen samples during all seasons but was a mirior item except in spring when its volume averaged 38 per cent.Examination of feeding sites generally supported the data from rumen content analyses but indicated a greater use of forbs, Western snowberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis), which occurred in 95 per cent of all rumen samples and had a yearlong average volume of 27 per cent, appeared to be the most important single food plant, Volume of snowberry in rumen samples decreased from 60 to 1 per cent and, volume of koehia (Kochia seoparia) increased from 6 to 51 per cent between early and late winter, -That near depletion of snowberry about mid-winter resulted in increased use of less valuable, but-more available plants, was suggested by the physical condition of the deer.Below average hog-dressed weights, low kidney fat indices and low values for femur marrow fat in most whitetails examined, indicated the deer were in relatively poor physical condition.In December 1964, classification of 188 whitetails showed a low fawn/doe ratio of 16 to 100, Twenty-four fetuses for 12 pregnant females collected between December 1964 and June 1965, indicated the prenatal fawn production rate for 1965 was high and may have been a compensation for the poor fawn crop for 1964.Relatively few observations of mule deer or elk on the "bottoms", especially during winter and spring, precluded any significant competition with the whitetail.There was a severe overlap in the use of browse by cattle and whitetails during winter as indicated by utilization of browse plants along transects located on both cattle-used and cattle-free areas.The heavy use of browse by cattle was apparently aggravated by reduced availability of grass during winter because of deep snow and by a reduced hay crop for supplemental winter feeding.
Optical and electrical properties of NiO for possible dielectric applications (2011)

Nickel oxide (NiO) is a versatile wide band gap semiconductor material. At present, transparent conducting oxide films find application as transparent electrodes and window coatings for opto-electronic devices but most are n-type. However p-type conducting films, of which NiO is one, are required as optical windows for devices where minority carrier injection is required. In this study, nickel (Ni) was resistively deposited on glass substrates and oxidised (isochronally) in oxygen at temperatures ranging from 300 ˚C to 600 ˚C. The oxidised Ni layers were subsequently characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-visible photospectrometry in the range 200 nm – 1000 nm. The four point probe method (van der Pauw geometry) was used to determine the sheet resistances of the oxidised films. SEM results of the surface revealed a strong dependence of the surface texture and particle size on the oxidation temperature and time. XRD performed on the oxidised Ni indicated progressive transformation from nanograined polycrystalline Ni to NiO at elevated temperatures. Film thicknesses, particle sizes, energy band gap and wavelength-dependent refractive indices were determined from transmission and absorbance data.
Drill Press and Mortiser (1962)

The drill press is a useful, versatile and easily operated machine. It is often considered a machinists’ tool because of its use for drilling holes in metals; however, it is also very adaptable to woodworking for such operations as boring, mortising, routing and sanding which can be performed with the aid of attachments.
Persistent Transactional Memory (2014)

This paper proposes persistent transactional memory (PTM), a new design that adds durability to transactional memory (TM) by incorporating with the emerging non-volatile memory (NVM). PTM dynamically tracks transactional updates to cache lines to ensure the ACI (atomicity, consistency and isolation) properties during cache flushes and leverages an undo log in NVM to ensure PTM can always consistently recover transactional data structures from a machine crash. This paper describes the PTM design based on Intel's restricted transactional memory. A preliminary evaluation using a concurrent key/value store and a database with a cache-based simulator shows that the additional cache line flushes are small.
Transposition of Noise Type Test Data for Tracks and Vehicles (2013)

New railway vehicles in Europe have to comply with noise limits as defined in the Technical Specification for Interoperability (TSI). The pass-by test has to be carried out at a site that fulfills with TSI requirements. The need has arisen to be able to perform TSI pass-by type testing at non-compliant sites. In the ACOUTRAIN project, procedures have been proposed for the transposition of pass-by measurement results for vehicle and track. This allows for transposition of pass-by data obtained at a non-compliant site to a TSI compliant track, or to another vehicle on the same track. Transposition of track or vehicle requires source separation of the rolling noise contributions of vehicle and track to the total pass-by level. Several methods will be discussed for this purpose, based on combinations of measurement results and calculations. A transposition method is illustrated and validated by a practical case, in which both the reference and the transposed situations have actually been measured.
A pharmacological evaluation of <i>Baphia nitida</i> Lodd (Leguminosae) ethanolic extract on rats and mice (1991)

Abstract Fresh leaves of Baphia nitida supplied by a herbalist were extracted, screened phytochemically and then subjected to various pharmacological tests. The phytochemical tests showed the presence of saponin, flavonoid glycosides and true tannins. In the dose range used, no acute toxicity was observed for the ethanolic extract. The extract showed a dose dependent antinociceptive (analgesic) activity in mice with the analgesic activity of 500 mg/kg extract being comparable to that of 300 mg/kg of acetylsalicylic acid. The extract demonstrated an antidiarrhoeal effect by protecting rats against castor oil induced diarrhoea. This was also dose related but less than the protection afforded by sodium salicylate. The extract did not demonstrate any appreciable anticonvulsant effect against strychnine‐induced convulsion in rats.
Queries and their application to reasoning with remote sensing and GIS (2005)

An intelligent system is being developed which integrates remote sensing data from aircraft and satellites with raster and vector geographic information systems (GIS). This System of Experts for Intelligent Data Management (SEIDAM) responds to queries or to product requests to select the appropriate mix of sensors, data processing methods and GIS to provide the answers. Recently, natural language processing was introduced into SEIDAM as one of the modes by which queries can be asked. The other two modes are selection of a stored query from a library or selection of subjects and attributes to create a query. Since SEIDAM contains more than one terrabyte of data, queries must also deal with meta data about the platforms, their sensors, and their properties. The long-term knowledge for SEIDAM is stored in frames which are object-oriented structures with multiple inheritance. Examples of queries are: "How much forest is there in this test site?" or "What are the wavelengths of the MODIS airborne simulator?" or "What remote sensing data are available for Clayoquot Sound before 1985?". A query is parsed in order to extract a set of goals that are passed to SEIDAM's reasoning system. Case-based reasoning and goal-regression are applied together to form a plan that, when executed, will satisfy the goals. A plan may involve the use of several expert systems that understand the use of GIS and the analysis of remotely sensed imagery. For the query "How much forest...", for example, SEIDAM creates a plan that would check the forest inventory GIS and evaluate the timeliness of the corresponding GIS files (maps). Older GIS files would be updated using satellite data such as Thematic Mapper, prior to responding to the query. The presentation format of the answers must be matched with the characteristics of the questioner. SEIDAM also allows the user to specify one or more products to be created. These products likely meet the need of a collection of queries. Products supported include: updated GIS files, temporal change products, maps (forest cover, timber volume, canopy chemistry, infected trees, etc.), enhanced imagery, values and tabular summaries, text, processing and dissemination histories. This paper describes the flow of a query in SEIDAM, the structure for processing this query, and the application of case-based planning.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Correction: Key Steps in Developing a Cognitive Vaccine against Traumatic Flashbacks: Visuospatial Tetris versus Verbal Pub Quiz (2012)

Background: Flashbacks (intrusive memories of a traumatic event) are the hallmark feature of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, however preventative interventions are lacking. Tetris may offer a 'cognitive vaccine' [1] against flashback development after trauma exposure. We previously reported that playing the computer game Tetris soon after viewing traumatic material reduced flashbacks compared to no-task However, two criticisms need to be addressed for clinical translation: (1) Would all games have this effect via distraction/enjoyment, or might some games even be harmful? (2) Would effects be found if administered several hours post-trauma? Accordingly, we tested Tetris versus an alternative computer game -Pub Quiz -which we hypothesized not to be helpful (Experiments 1 and 2), and extended the intervention interval to 4 hours (Experiment 2).
Effects of Different n-Electrode Patterns on Optical Characteristics of Large-Area p-Side-Down InGaN Light-Emitting Diodes Fabricated by Laser Lift-Off (2005)

Large-area p-side-down InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 1000×1000 µm 2 in size have been fabricated by laser lift-off (LLO). The p-side-down LEDs with different geometric patterns of n-electrodes were fabricated to investigate electrode pattern-dependent optical characteristics. The current crowding effect was observed in the large-area p-side-down InGaN LLO-LEDs. A LED with a well-designed n-electrode pattern shows a uniform distribution of light emission and a higher output power due to uniform current spreading. The output power saturation induced by the current crowding effect was investigated. In the absence of a transparent contact layer for current spreading, the n-electrode pattern has a marked influence on the current distribution and the consequent light output power of the large-area p-side-down LEDs.
A Novel Dual-Stator Hybrid Excited Synchronous Wind Generator (2009)

This paper presents a novel dual-stator hybrid excited synchronous wind generator and describes its structural features and operation principle. The no-load magnetic fields with different field currents are computed by 3-D finite-element method. Static characteristics, including the flux-linkage and EMF waveforms of stator windings, and inductance waveforms of armature windings and field winding, are analyzed. The simulation results show that due to the dual-stator structure, the air-gap magnetic flux can be easily controlled, while the output voltage can be increased effectively. Tests are performed on the prototype machine to validate the predicted results, and an excellent agreement is obtained.
Functional electrical stimulation (1997)

In the health-care professions, electrical stimulation is used for three purposes: to aid diagnosis; as a therapeutic tool; and to restore lost or damaged functions. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) and functional neurostimulation (FNS) are terms which are more or less interchangeable, and which encompass the third of these purposes. FES itself can also be conveniently divided into three classes, according to purpose: the restoration of sensor functions; the restoration of skeleto-motor functions; and the restoration of autonomic functions. Potentially, a fourth class would comprise devices restoring cognitive or psychological functions, but no such devices are clinically available as yet. The methods and devices which are currently available for providing FES are reviewed, as are the sorts of result and benefit that may be expected from them. The structure and emphasis of the review is on the clinical applications and the relevant anatomical and neurophysiological considerations and this approach is chosen for two main reasons. Firstly, the clinical, anatomical, and physiological considerations are independent of technological change and development, so they will not become quickly out of date. Secondly, the author is a clinician by profession, and an engineer only by inclination. The functional aims of FES methods will continue to develop as a result of experience gained following the introduction and use of successful devices, and these evolutionary improvements will come from within the FES programme; but the engineering embodiment of those devices may be revolutionized at any time by technological advances coming from elsewhere.
Spin-orbit splitting of the<i>L</i>-gap surface state on Au(111) and Ag(111) (2001)

We present high-resolution photoemission results on the L-gap surface state on Au(111) and Ag(111), in combination with fully relativistic density-functional calculations. In the case of Au(111), both experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the lack of inversion symmetry at the surface leads to a considerable spin-orbit splitting of this surface state over the whole Fermi surface, whereas in the case of Ag(111) this splitting is far too small to be experimentally resolved in our data.
An IMS-based manageable P2P live streaming system in NGN (2010)

In the IMS-based NGN service platform, live streaming is an important value-added service. But the distribution of streaming media is a difficult problem because of its massive bandwidth requirement and real-time requirement. Since IP multicast needs to update the whole network routers, this paper introduces P2P technology into live streaming system, which leverages the IP-based policy control and session-based QoS reservation mechanism of IMS. In the service system, the P2P cluster is constructed and managed in the central server deployed at the service plane without any modification to the standard IMS architecture. Several functional entities such as OMF, NRQF and P2P-enabled UE are extended based on the IMS-based IPTV architecture defined by ETSI TIAPAN. When the P2P-enabled UE initiates the service request, SCF as a SIP B2B UA is responsible for the session establishment among neighboring peers relying on the peer selected result from OMF. According to peer grouping judgment returned from NRQF, the OMF groups the UEs watching the same live channel into different peer clusters. Furthermore, this paper describes the session flows and QoS reserving procedure in the detail, and emphasizes the manageability of the P2P overlay.
High-efficiency integrated polarized backlight system for liquid crystal display (2006)

We propose a multiwavelength polarized backlight system (BLS) that is based on the stress-induced birefringence and the multilayer subwavelength grating. The polarized BLS requires no prism sheets and no quarter wave plate. Moreover, because of the high extinction ratio, the rear absorbing polarizer of the liquid crystal display panel is not required anymore. The proposed backlight can fully utilize the light, and the intensity at near normal angles is 2.3 times higher than that of a conventional unpolarized light emitting backlight.
Theory of Semi-Instantiation in Abstract Argumentation (2015)

We study instantiated abstract argumentation frames of the form $(S,R,I)$, where $(S,R)$ is an abstract argumentation frame and where the arguments $x$ of $S$ are instantiated by $I(x)$ as well formed formulas of a well known logic, for example as Boolean formulas or as predicate logic formulas or as modal logic formulas. We use the method of conceptual analysis to derive the properties of our proposed system. We seek to define the notion of complete extensions for such systems and provide algorithms for finding such extensions. We further develop a theory of instantiation in the abstract, using the framework of Boolean attack formations and of conjunctive and disjunctive attacks. We discuss applications and compare critically with the existing related literature.
On Choniostoma and Heptalobus (Copepoda, Choniostomatidae) (1958)

In the course of a study of prawns infected by epicarid isopods, I observed some specimens of Spirontocaris lilljeborgi (Dan.) showing deformations of the carapax very similar to those caused by parasitic isopods (fig. 1). In this case, however, the swellings of the carapax were not caused by epicarids, but by parasitic copepods of the family Choniostomatidae, lodged in the branchial cavity of the prawn. After painstaking dissection and examination of the appendages, I believe that my material belongs to a new species of the genus Choniostoma, for which the name Ch. rotundatum is proposed.\nHitherto, 2 species only have been referred to the genus Choniostoma: Ch. mirabile Hansen, and Ch. hanseni Giard & Bonnier. These two species have been described in a very satisfactory way by Hansen (1897). In comparing the literature on the subject, I discovered that Nierstrasz & Brender Ã Brandis (1930) created a new genus which they called Heptalobus, but which obviously is synonymous with Choniostoma. The opinion of Nierstrasz & Brender Ã Brandis that âthe systematic position of this organism is quite unknown. Its characters furnish no clue as to its relationshipsâ (1930, p. 5) is easily understood in the light of the astonishing superficiality of their study, which was strictly limited to what could be seen through a hand-lens.
A Best Practice Approach for Automating IT Management Processes (2006)

In an effort to bring more structure to the task of automating systems management, we introduce an approach for incrementally introducing best-practice-based automation into IT service delivery and management. Our approach is process-centric, using best-practice processes to structure the automation, scope out high-value automation opportunities, identify interaction points between automation and its broader environment, and expose the overall impact of automation on the service delivery organization. We illustrate our approach by applying it to a specific example: reducing the cost of IT change management via a system that automates changes in the domain of software lifecycle management (such as installation/deployment and configuration)
“Choice” and Feminist Praxis in Neoliberal Times (2011)

This article addresses the visual debate around a new image of the autonomous woman emerging on satellite television in West Bengal, India, a region rapidly changing under the influx of multinational finance. While this image appears to promote a revolutionary vision of choice opposing gender stratifications, it responds to the sexual anxieties of a shifting postcolonial context by reconciling women's choices with patriarchal and communalist values. To justify its ostensible “feminist” revolution, the imagery draws upon indigenous oppositional traditions of gender portrayal while flexibly utilizing opposition in the services of an inequitable market. Even as the neoliberal canon of (free) women and (unfree) labor is narrowcast on regional-language satellite channels throughout Bengal and its diasporas, this canon is being debated through critical embodiments of women, work, and choice in oppositional-feminist cinema. I look, on the one hand, at televisual adaptations of woman-centered works by a foremost gender-activist of the anti-colonial era, Rabindranath Tagore. The adaptive canon is read in tandem with a widely popular game show on Bengali satellite television called The Earning Homemaker. On the other hand, I consider how oppositional-feminist filmmaker Aparna Sen is undoing the prevalent canon of woman's autonomy in her recent films. My point overall is to explore how we could disentangle the oppositional from dominant neo-humanist communication patterns. I argue that we must situate various depictions of women's “choice” within specific relations of power, distribution, and technologies of persuasion—considering what differs and why the differences tend to be elided.
Supernatant decanting on a centrifugal platform (2011)

This study presents a novel approach to decant supernatant on a centrifugal platform. By manipulating the centrifugally induced pressure and the elastic deformation of the plastic lids in the decanting chamber, fixed amounts of the supernatant can be decanted into the detection chamber at lower rotational speeds. The experimental results showed that decanted volume is affected by the volume of deformation and the operating parameters. Factors that influence the decanting ratio are also discussed. This approach has the advantages of simple design and low manufacturing cost; further, it has no need of surface modification. It has been applied to on-disk separation of plasma from whole blood, and the results showed good stability and repeatability.
Antigenic Relationship among the Eight Prototype and New Serotype Strains of <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i> Revealed by Monoclonal Antibodies (1999)

Orientia tsutsugamushi, the etiologic agent of tsutsugamushi disease, exhibits great antigenic variation. Three classical strains (Karp, Gilliam, and Kato) and new antigenic types from Thailand (TA686, TA678, TA716, TA763, and TH1817) have been used as prototype strains of O. tsutsugamushi in many studies. In this study, monoclonal antibodies to the five Thailand strains were produced, and their reactivity against prototype strains and newly identified isolates from Korea and Japan was tested. With a panel of these monoclonal antibodies, we could analyze the antigenic relationship among various strains of O. tsutsugamushi from Thailand, Japan, and Korea. Twelve strains of the O. tsutsugamushi tested showed various reactivities to monoclonal antibodies, and no distinct pattern of reactivity was found according to their location of isolation. Although the Boryong and Kuroki strains were similar in reactivities to most monoclonal antibodies, several monoclonal antibodies could differentiate the two strains. These results indicate that the immunofluorescence antibody test using monoclonal antibodies used in this study is valuable for analyzing the antigenic relationship and classification of O. tsutsugamushi.