gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Remote-Collaboration System Using Mobile Robot with Camera and Projector (2010)

We have been studying a remote-collaboration system called SCOPE (sight collaboration by projection effect) featuring image projecting and capturing capabilities as implemented in a maintenance robot. With the help of SCOPE and a remote support person, an on-site worker can perform maintenance very efficiently. In this paper, we propose a mobile SCOPE named Campro-R that can significantly expand the area of activity of the conventional SCOPE. To enable an on-site worker to share the field of view of a remote support person, we developed a technique for aligning the optical axes of a camera and a projector. We present experimental data that demonstrates the validity of our optomechanical design. Finally, we show that the Campro-R enables workers to continuously share their field of view, no matter where the Campro-R moves.
The MODEM for Ultra-Wideband Communication Employing Surface-Acoustic-Wave Devices (2005)

In recent years, a novel technology for wireless communication which has been attracting a great deal of attention is UWB (ultra-wideband). This communication system is the high data-rate transceiver for WPAN (wireless personal area network) or the wireless modules for sensor networks with low power consumption, which transmit extremely short narrow pulses without carrier-waves. We have developed the prototype of a unique modem (modulator/demodulator) based on our original technique for the UWB transmission system. The special features of our UWB modem are the application of SAW matched filters that enable us to miniaturize the front-end modules and make the power consumption low because of passive devices, asynchronous circuit structure, etc. In this paper, the prototype of the modem system and some key devices originally developed are introduced, along with details of their good performance.
Understanding Photocarrier and Gas Dynamics to Rationally Design Heterostructured Nanocatalysts for Efficient Solar CO<sub>2</sub> Conversion (2022)

Recent research in CO2 photocatalysis has largely focused on exploring new catalysts; however, details of the relationship between charge carrier dynamics and gas dynamics on the surface of nanomaterials often remain unclear. Knowledge of these processes will allow one to rationally design highly efficient catalysts for solar CO2 conversion. This project aimed to develop state-of-the-art techniques and establish new capabilities in SRNL to enable the study of photocatalysts and other materials in detail. In FY21, we developed two new in situ techniques that are unique to SRNL, allowing the study of reaction intermediates and adsorbed gases during photocatalysis at various wavelengths of excitation. We also established a new in-house capability for catalyst synthesis and product evaluation which enables a deep understanding of how catalyst preparation methodologies impact product generation. In FY22, we gained in-house expertise and knowledge on the newly constructed a physical vapor deposition device, i.e. glancing angle deposition (GLAD) system, and constructed a flow photoreactor system for CO2 photoconversion and other photocatalytic studies.
Three-atom magnets with strong substrate coupling: a gateway towards non-collinear spin processing (2017)

A cluster composed of a few magnetic atoms assembled on the surface of a nonmagnetic substrate is one suitable realization of a bit for future concepts of spin-based information technology. The prevalent approach to achieve magnetic stability of the bit is decoupling the cluster spin from substrate conduction electrons in order to suppress spin-flips destabilizing the bit. However, this route entails less flexibility in tailoring the coupling between the bits which is ultimately needed for spin-processing. Here, we show using a spin-resolved scanning tunneling microscope, that we can write, read, and store spin information for hours in clusters of only three atoms strongly coupled to a substrate featuring a cloud of non-collinearly polarized host atoms, a so called non-collinear giant moment cluster (GMC). The GMC can be driven into a Kondo screened state by simply moving one of its atoms to a different site. Owing to the exceptional atomic tunability of the non-collinear substrate mediated Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, novel concepts of spin-based information technology get within reach, as we demonstrate by a logical scheme for a four-bit register.
The Delft MapBook (2014)

The Spring Introduction Programme 2014 welcomes about 200 new international students who follow anobligatory programme.Throughout a week of project work students make an acculturation plan and get familiarized with the Delft study method and working in multicultural groups.

A simpler, more portable and more informative map toolbook for the newly-arrived students.
HIV-1 transmission and function of virus-infected monocytes/macrophages. (1990)

Monocyte/macrophages (MM) were isolated from HIV-1 seronegative individuals, infected with HIV-1 and examined for their ability to infect autologous T lymphocytes with and without concomitant presentation of exogenous Ag. HIV-1-infected MM presented tetanus toxin (TT) and streptokinase to T cells (as measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation) comparable to presentation by uninfected MM. In these studies, it was observed that HIV-1-infected MM without additional exogenous Ag stimulated autologous T lymphocytes, however, to a lesser degree than with TT and streptokinase. Virus production in T cells appeared to be relative to the degree of stimulation with the highest levels of stimulation and infection observed when T cells were exposed to HIV-1-infected TT-presenting MM. Studies were carried out to examine some of the restricting elements in MM-mediated infection of T lymphocytes with and without TT presentation. Antibodies to CD4, as well as soluble immunopurified gp120, blocked cell-mediated infection indicating that infection of T cells was through the CD4 molecule as has been demonstrated with cell-free virus. In addition, soluble gp120 inhibited Ag presentation by HIV-1-infected and uninfected MM. mAb to MHC class II Ag HLA-DR and -DP blocked T cell infection by HIV-1-infected MM with and without presentation of TT. No effect was observed with mAb to MHC class I Ag. These results indicate that virus transmission to T lymphocytes can be mediated by HIV-1-infected MM and that these cells maintain their function as APC. Activation of T cells appears to be important in the process of T cell infection in this system inasmuch as antibodies that block Ag presentation and thus a T cell proliferative signal inhibit infection.
Protein degradation in Escherichia coli: the lon gene controls the stability of sulA protein. (1983)

Escherichia coli lon mutants are defective in the ATP-dependent proteolysis of abnormal proteins. The mutants are also sensitive to ultraviolet light (UV) in that septation is inhibited after exposure to UV. sulA mutations, isolated as suppressors of UV sensitivity unlinked to lon, do not affect proteolysis but allow septation to occur after DNA damage. We have confirmed the hypothesis that the product of the sulA gene is degraded by lon proteolysis. If sulA (the product of sulA) is a UV-inducible division inhibitor, as suggested by a variety of experiments, lon (the product of lon) may regulate cell division by regulating the half-life of sulA. We cloned the sulA gene in a bacteriophage lambda vector from a plasmid carrying the ompA region of E. coli. An 18-kilodalton polypeptide was identified as the product of the sulA gene. Pulse-chase labeling demonstrated that the half-life of the sulA protein is 1.2 min in lon+ cells and 19 min in lon- cells. This work demonstrates that lon proteolysis affects the stability of a native E. coli protein.
The <scp>Gac</scp> regulon of <i> <scp>P</scp> seudomonas fluorescens </i>   <scp>SBW</scp> 25 (2013)

Transcriptome analysis of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 showed that 702 genes were differentially regulated in a gacS::Tn5 mutant, with 300 and 402 genes up- and downregulated respectively. Similar to the Gac regulon of other Pseudomonas species, genes involved in motility, biofilm formation, siderophore biosynthesis and oxidative stress were differentially regulated in the gacS mutant of SBW25. Our analysis also revealed, for the first time, that transcription of 19 rhizosphere-induced genes and of genes involved in type II secretion, (exo)polysaccharide and pectate lyase biosynthesis, twitching motility and an orphan non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) were significantly affected in the gacS mutant. Furthermore, the gacS mutant inhibited growth of oomycete, fungal and bacterial pathogens significantly more than wild type SBW25. Since RP-HPLC analysis did not reveal any potential candidate metabolites, we focused on the Gac-regulated orphan NRPS gene cluster that was predicted to encode an eight-amino-acid ornicorrugatin-like peptide. Site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the encoded peptide is not involved in the enhanced antimicrobial activity of the gacS mutant but may function as a siderophore. Collectively, this genome-wide analysis revealed that a mutation in the GacS/A two-component regulatory system causes major transcriptional changes in SBW25 and significantly enhances its antimicrobial activities by yet unknown mechanisms.
Nivel sérico de folato y vitamina B12 en adultos mayores chilenos: Resultados de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud ENS 2009-2010 (2013)

Folate deficit is almost inexistent, but a significant percentage of participants had SFL suggesting the need for revising the current wheat flour fortification levels.
Sports injuries and illnesses during the London Summer Olympic Games 2012 (2013)

At least 11% of the athletes incurred an injury during the games and 7% of the athletes' an illness. The incidence of injuries and illnesses varied substantially among sports. Future initiatives should include the development of preventive measures tailored for each specific sport and the continued focus among sport bodies to institute and further develop scientific injury and illness surveillance systems.
Reproductive physiology of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles atroparvus. (2005)

When exposed to a human host, Anopheles gambiae started probing 4 h post-eclosion, but 95% successfully blood-fed by 16-20 h with maximal blood volumes of 5- 10 microl per female. When fed sugar, the 95% feeding was not observed until 36-40 h post-eclosion; sugar meals appeared to interfere with blood meals. Similarly in An. atroparvus, maximum volumes were 10 microl when starved but only 6 microl when fed sugar. This species did not bite before 2 d, and 95% biting was by 4 d. Given single blood meals to water-kept An. gambiae, a threshold body size for oogenesis was detected. With wing lengths below 2.8 mm, eggs never matured, but when sugar-fed, females of all sizes matured eggs including the synthesis of maternal deposits. Although sugar feeding interfered with blood feeding, more lipid was transferred to the yolk. In water-kept An. atroparvus only 5% of the females produced eggs. When sugar-fed for 4 d, all females matured eggs, so in this species sugar feeding appeared to be essential for oogenesis. An. gambiae always took multiple blood meals, tested at any time after the first ones, leading to 120 mature eggs/female. Yolk composition was 3.9 mcal protein and 3.8 mcal lipid/oocyte when kept on water, but 2.8 meal protein and 4.3 mcal lipid/oocyte with intermittent sugar meals, thus marking a surprising flexibility in synthesis of yolk protein and lipid that strongly depends on additional carbohydrates sources. Only 80% of water-fed An. atroparvus re-fed 2 d after a first blood meal with small females taking three blood meals but they still showed reduced fecundity. Only the large water-fed females matured eggs, with blood volumes higher than 9-12 microl. When fed sugar, the blood meal input was reduced, but oogenesis was possible, whereas water-fed females required three blood meals to reach the caloric level comparable to pre-feeding sugar-fed females. Water-fedAn. gambiae could survive on daily blood meals alone, but survival was further extended by intermittent sugar meals. When offered a blood donor daily, there was a behavioral difference. Females maintained alone showed a more or less regular 3 d feeding and oviposition activity, while females kept in groups fed daily followed a daily oviposition pattern, suggesting gonotrophic discordance.
Piezoelectric Properties of NaNbO3+MeNb2O6 (Me=Ba,Sr,Ca) Ceramics (2003)

The present paper deals with of the investigation of piezoelectric properties of xNaNbO3+(1-x)MeNb2O6 (Me=Ba, Sr, Ca) ceramics. The interesting behavior of the electromechanical coupling factor (kr) for composition was found. From the XRD analysis the structure at x=0.33 appeared single phase of Me2NaNb5O15, at x=0.4-0.9 it was observed to be double phases of Me2NaNb5O15 and NaNbO3, and at x≥0.95 it had single phase of NaNbO3. Hysteresis measurements showed that the phase of NaNbO3 was anti-ferroelectric at x=0.4-0.8 and ferroelectric at x≥0.90. 0.05NaNbO3+0.95(Ba0.4Sr0.4Ca0.2)Nb2O6 ceramics had εr=125 and θmax=86.7° (θmax is maximum phase angle between resonance point and antiresonance point). It was found that xNaNbO3+(1-x)(Ba0.4Sr0.4Ca0.2)Nb2O6 ceramics had possibility of the application for resonators.
Adults requiring cord blood transplants but have insufficient cell doses from a single cord blood unit can receive two units with successful engraftment kinetics similar to those of children receiving a single unit (2011)

We retrospectively evaluated neutrophil engraftment kinetics in 29 single versus nine double unit cord blood transplants (CBTs). All single CBTs were performed in pediatric patients (non-malignant/malignant diseases, 19/10), while all double CBTs were performed in adults (n = 8) and an adolescent (n = 1) with hematological malignancies. Median follow-up time was 2.3 years (range, 0.1-13.5 years). Engraftment was achieved in 69% and 89% of the single and double cord blood (CB) groups, respectively. Similarly, median day of engraftment was not different for the single versus the double CBTs, at 19 and 23 days, respectively, and the neutrophil engraftment kinetics was similar in the two groups. Our data indicate that adults without sufficient nucleated cell doses in a single CB unit may receive two units with similar engraftment kinetics to those of children receiving only a single unit.
Cluster computing software for <scp>GATE</scp> simulations (2007)

Geometry and tracking (GEANT4) is a Monte Carlo package designed for high energy physics experiments. It is used as the basis layer for Monte Carlo simulations of nuclear medicine acquisition systems in GEANT4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE). GATE allows the user to realistically model experiments using accurate physics models and time synchronization for detector movement through a script language contained in a macro file. The downside of this high accuracy is long computation time. This paper describes a platform independent computing approach for running GATE simulations on a cluster of computers in order to reduce the overall simulation time. Our software automatically creates fully resolved, nonparametrized macros accompanied with an on-the-fly generated cluster specific submit file used to launch the simulations. The scalability of GATE simulations on a cluster is investigated for two imaging modalities, positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Due to a higher sensitivity, PET simulations are characterized by relatively high data output rates that create rather large output files. SPECT simulations, on the other hand, have lower data output rates but require a long collimator setup time. Both of these characteristics hamper scalability as a function of the number of CPUs. The scalability of PET simulations is improved here by the development of a fast output merger. The scalability of SPECT simulations is improved by greatly reducing the collimator setup time. Accordingly, these two new developments result in higher scalability for both PET and SPECT simulations and reduce the computation time to more practical values.
Ultraviolet-enhanced photodiode employing n-ZnO/p-Si structure (2003)

We report on the photoelectric properties of n-ZnO/p-Si photodiodes which detect UV photons in the depleted n-ZnO and simultaneously detect visible photons in the depleted p-Si. As characterized by I–V measurements in the photon range of 310 to 650 nm our photodiodes exposed to UV photons show a linear increase in photocurrent with reverse bias. In the visible range, the photocurrent rises rapidly with bias but saturates beyond a critical voltage. Our diodes exhibit strong responsivities of 0.5 and 0.3 A/W for UV (310-nm) and red (650-nm) photons, respectively, under a 30-V bias with a weak minimum near 380 nm, the wavelength corresponding to the band gap of ZnO. It is concluded that our n-ZnO/p-Si diode can be a UV-enhanced photodiode that simultaneously detects UV and visible photons by employing two related photoelectric mechanisms in parallel.
Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Iron Release from the Emulsifier Interface and on the Oxidative Flavor Deterioration in Fish Oil Enriched Mayonnaise (1999)

This research examines the effect of ascorbic acid (0-800 ppm) on the sensory perception of mayonnaises containing 16% fish oil and on the levels of iron and copper in the aqueous phase. Ascorbic acid increased the formation of fishy off-flavors in fresh mayonnaise. Simultaneously, the iron concentration increased from below the detection limit (1.8 microM) to 34 microM in the aqueous phase of mayonnaises. Model mayonnaises with various concentrations of egg yolk (1-7% w/w) and ascorbic acid (0-8000 ppm) were prepared. Iron concentrations in the aqueous phase increased with increasing ascorbic acid levels, whereas iron concentrations in the assumed interfacial layer decreased. It is proposed that ascorbic acid is able to complex and reduce Fe(3+) to Fe(2+) from phosvitin in the egg yolk, whereby iron is released from the interface. The ascorbic acid-iron complex subsequently reacts with lipid hydroperoxides, resulting in increased lipid oxidation and in the immediate formation of rancid and fishy off-flavors.
RESTORATION OF WEAK PHASE-CONTRAST IMAGES RECORDED WITH A HIGH DEGREE OF DEFOCUS: THE"TWIN IMAGE" PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH CTF CORRECTION (2008)

Relatively large values of objective-lens defocus must normally be used to produce detectable levels of image contrast for unstained biological specimens, which are generally weak phase objects. As a result, a subsequent restoration operation must be used to correct for oscillations in the contrast transfer function (CTF) at higher resolution. Currently used methods of CTF-correction assume the ideal case in which Friedel mates in the scattered wave have contributed pairs of Fourier components that overlap with one another in the image plane. This"ideal" situation may be only poorly satisfied, or not satisfied at all, as the particle size gets smaller, the defocus value gets larger, and the resolution gets higher. We have therefore investigated whether currently used methods of CTF correction are also effective in restoring the single-sideband image information that becomes displaced (delocalized) by half (or more) the diameter of a particle of finite size. Computer simulations are used to show that restoration either by"phase flipping" or by multiplying by the CTF recovers only about half of the delocalized information. The other half of the delocalized information goes into a doubly defocused"twin" image of the type produced during optical reconstruction of an in-line hologram. Restoration with a Wiener filter is effective in recovering the delocalized information only when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is orders of magnitude higher than that which exists in low-dose images of biological specimens, in which case the Wiener filter approaches division by the CTF (i.e. the formal inverse). For realistic values of the S/N, however, the"twin image" problem seenwith a Wiener filter is very similar to that seen when either phase flipping or multiplying by the CTF are used for restoration. The results of these simulations suggest that CTF correction is a poor alternative to using a Zernike-type phase plate when imaging biological specimens, in which case the images can be recorded in a close-to-focus condition, and delocalization of high-resolution information is thus minimized.
A novel polishing stop for accurate integration of potassium yttrium double tungstate on a silicon dioxide platform (2018)

Rare-earth ion doped potassium yttrium double tungstate, RE:KY(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, is a promising candidate for the realization of on-chip lasers and amplifiers. Two major bottlenecks difficult the realization of compact, high-contrast devices. Firstly, the crystal can only be grown on a lattice matched substrate, leading to a low (<2×10<sup>-2</sup>) refractive index contrast between core and cladding. Secondly, the required thickness for the high-index contrast waveguides, ~1 μm, makes a lapping and polishing approach very challenging. In this work we propose a novel polishing stop that will permit to accurately control the final thickness of the KY(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> waveguide within a few tens of nanometers. A 1 mm thick KY(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> substrate is flip-chip bonded with an adhesive layer onto a SiO<sub>2</sub> substrate. Afterwards a low temperature pulsed laser deposited (PLD) Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layer - with the desired final thickness of the KY(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> waveguide core - is deposited on top of the assembly. The sample is then thinned using a multistep lapping and polishing procedure. Earlier work with a polishing stop made from SiO<sub>2</sub>, showed a decrease of the polishing speed with a factor 3-4, allowing the termination of the process within a tolerance of a few tens of nanometers.
Role of gram‐positive bacteria in chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) (2018)

Gram-positive isolates from CPPS patients showed enhanced ability to induce tactile allodynia compared to a single taxonomically similar gram-positive strain isolated from a healthy control. Responses were shown to be dependent on host genetic background and not on colonization differences between strains.
Reduktion von Eisenerz durch Methan in der Wirbelschicht (1971)

Abstract Nach orientierenden Festbett‐Versuchen wurde die Reduktion von hämatitischem Eisenerz durch Methan in der Wirbelschicht untersucht und dabie der Einfluß von Temperatur, Methan‐Konzentration, Korngröße des Erzes und Verweilzeit des Gases im Reaktor auf die Reduktionsdauer und die maximale Umsatzgeschwindigkeit des Erzes mit Hilfe faktorieller Veruchspläne bestimmt. Die Geschwindigkeit der Reduktion wurde durch hohe Temperatur und hohe Methan‐Konzentration begünstigt, während Korngröße und Verweilzeit nur geringen Eingfluß hatten. Die Reduktion ließ sich in der Wirbelschicht bei Temperaturen bis zu 850°C durchführen. Bei höheren Temperaturen führten Sintererscheinungen zu einer Agglomeration der Erzteilchen und damit zu einer Aufhebung der Fluidisierbarkeit des Erzes. Von den Versuchsergebnissen ausgehend wird die technische Durchführbarkeit der Reduktion diskutiert.