gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Eye·in·hand robot vision scores over fixed camera (1983)

The advent of low cost miniature solid state cameras now makes eye‐in‐hand robot vision a practical possibility. This paper discusses the advantages of eye‐in‐hand vision and shows that with the Unimation VAL operating system it is easier to use than is possible with static overhead cameras.
A hierarchical classification of dependency amongst older people : Use of artificial neural networks (1998)

This article describes the use of artificial intelligence technology, artificial neural networks (ANNs), in analysing multivariate data relating to the functional well-being of older people. ANNs are a relatively new set of data mining techniques that have been developed to extract information from complex databases and datasets that cannot be readily detected by conventional statistical analysis. This article describes one such technique, the Kohonen Self-Organizing Map (KSOM), and how it has been used to analyse EASY (Elderly Assessment System) data collected in Belfast and Southampton. EASY is a multidimensional health outcome assessment system, which has been developed to assess the health and social functioning of older people as part of routine care in community settings. A database has been established at the University of Sheffield (in collaboration with the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe) to analyse and compare EASY data collected from different centres throughout Europe. This article reports the use of the KSOM technique in the secondary analysis of EASY data relating to the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) of older people in community settings in Belfast and Southampton. The analysis revealed a hierarchical classificatior of dependence in IADL amongst older people and demonstrates the use of ANNs as a data analysis tool complementary to more traditional techniques.
Integrated optimization of dynamic feature parameters for hidden Markov modeling of speech (1994)

Construction of dynamic (delta) features of speech, which has been in the past confined to only the preprocessing domain in the hidden Markov modeling (HMM) framework, is generalized and formulated as an integrated speech modeling problem. This generalization allows us to utilize state-dependent weights to transform static speech features into dynamic ones. In this letter, we describe a rigorous theoretical framework that naturally incorporates the generalized dynamic-parameter technique and present a maximum-likelihood-based algorithm for integrated optimization of the conventional HMM parameters and of the time-varying weighting functions that define the dynamic features of speech.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Analog signal processing with microwave magnetics (1988)

The main performance advantage that analog signal-processing devices have over their digital competitors is the ability to operate with wide instantaneous bandwidths and moderately high dynamic ranges at microwave frequencies. Here, applications of magnetostatic wave (MSW) devices that capitalize on these advantages are reviewed. The first area is broadband microwave receivers, which includes frequency channelizers, dispersive delay lines for compressive receivers, delay lines for pulse storage, and frequency-selective limiters. The second area is beamsteering of phased-array antennas by variable time delays. In both cases, the MSW device approaches and applications are discussed with emphasis on the device characteristics and their systems utilization. Where possible, comparisons with other analog signal-processing approaches are given.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Electrical Insulating Liquids for Power Cables - an Overview (1987)

Today synthetic liquids are more widely used than conventional mineral oils, due to their superior electrical performance and greater availability.
[Virtual reality in medicine]. (1995)

The methods of virtual reality (VR) will come to play a routine part in the work of hospitals. It is difficult to understand and explain what VR means in medicine and its scope in medicine. This paper distinguishes the four functional categories of Immersive VR, Desktop VR, Pseudo VR and Inverse VR. Immersive VR uses a head-mounted display and data gloves as input devices, while Desktop VR uses VR shutter glasses and a 3D input device such as the 3D mouse. Pseudo VR comprises interactive controllable animation. Inverse VR uses, for example, biosignals as an input device in order to support the computer user in the real world. This paper discusses the potential applications of the four categories of VR in medicine with reference to topical projects.
<i>Eimeria tenella</i> : Cultivation of the Asexual Stages in Cultured Animal Cells (1965)

Eimeria tenella, an intracellular protozoan parasite of the cecal epithelium of chickens, developed asexually in monolayer cultures of mammalian fibroblasts, mammalian epithelial cells, and avian fibroblasts mintained under various mediums at 41 degrees C. Sexual stages of the parasite were not seen. Established cell lines and secondary cell cultures were equally suitable for cultivation of the parasite.
Optimal Trust Network Analysis with Subjective Logic (2008)

Trust network analysis with subjective logic (TNA-SL) simplifies complex trust graphs into series-parallel graphs by removing the most uncertain paths to obtain a canonical graph. This simplification could in theory cause loss of information and thereby lead to sub-optimal results. This paper describes a new method for trust network analysis which is considered optimal because it does not require trust graph simplification, but instead uses edge splitting to obtain a canonical graph. The new method is compared with TNA-SL, and our simulation shows that both methods produce equal results. This indicates that TNA-SL in fact also represents an optimal method for trust network analysis and that the trust graph simplification does not affect the result.
Development of high gradient and open gradient magnetic separation (1982)

This paper was prepared: to review the accomplishments in both high-gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) and open-gradient magnetic separation (OGMS) by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) group during the past three years; to show, through the medium of motion pictures, the operation of the various separation methods and devices used and developed; to show qualitative results of the separation performed; and to make available, to those interested, detailed reports of the experimental procedures and the resulting data. The qualitative separation of pyritic sulfur and ash forming minerals from fine coal by high gradient magnetic separation has been demonstrated at feed rates up to one ton per hour, and in a machine that is commercially produced in sizes for feed rates up to several hundred tons per hour. The quantitative separation of pyritic sulfur and ash forming minerals from fine coal by free fall open gradient magnetic separation has been demonstrated at a laboratory scale and at 300 kg per hour in a solenoidal magnet configuration. A magnet modeling analysis has shown that an optimum magnet can be designed with practical physical constraints which can generate separating forces two to three times those of the existing solenoidal configuration and with amore » large processing capacity. The analytical predictions of the behavior of particles traversing these separating forces have been experimentally confirmed within 15% in existing magnets.« less
Nicotinamide: An Oral Antimicrobial Agent with Activity against Both<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (2003)

Coinfection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is responsible for one-third of all deaths due to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. More than 99% of cases of HIV-M. tuberculosis coinfection occur in the developing world, where limited resources add urgency to the search for effective and affordable therapies. Although antimicrobial agents against each of these infections are available, single agents that have activity against both M. tuberculosis and HIV are uncommon. The activity of nicotinamide has been evaluated in 2 different eras: in anti-M. tuberculosis studies performed during 1945–1961 and in anti-HIV studies performed from 1991 to the present. This review brings together these 2 bodies of inquiry and raises the possibility that, with more study, this small molecule could emerge at the beginning of the 21st century either as a therapeutic agent in itself or as the lead compound for a new class of agents with activity against both M. tuberculosis and HIV.
A dissipativity approach to stability of a shape memory alloy position control system (1998)

This paper deals with the L/sub 2/ stability of a shape memory alloy (SMA) actuated position control system, based on a single SMA wire under constant axial load. It is shown that the system stability can be guaranteed for a large class of controllers having certain dissipativity characteristics. In particular, the results can be used to show stability under approximated proportional integral derivative (PID), PI, and PD control. Experimental step responses are given for two different PI controllers. The first controller guarantees a stable response, based on the work presented. While the second system displays superior performance and seems stable, but it does not satisfy the stability criterion of the paper. This comparison underscores the conservative nature of the stability result.
Inhaled Cyclosporine — A Breath of Fresh Air? (2006)

During the past two decades, lung transplantation has evolved from a new investigational intervention performed in fewer than 20 patients per year at one institution to an accepted, albeit complex, therapy for a wide variety of end-stage lung diseases that is performed in more than 1700 patients annually at nearly 150 centers worldwide.1 Early graft failures and deaths of patients were attributable to an amalgam of technical complications, opportunistic infections, and acute rejection. Refinements in surgical technique, enhanced graft preservation, and the routine use of contemporary monitoring and prophylactic and preemptive regimens for opportunistic viruses, fungi, and protozoan organisms have . . .
Modern floorplanning based on fast simulated annealing (2005)

Unlike classical floorplanning that usually handles only block packing to minimize silicon area, modern VLSI floorplanning typically needs to pack blocks within a fixed die (outline) and additionally considers the packing with block positions and interconnect constraints. Floorplanning with bus planning is one of the most challenging modern floorplanning problems because it needs to consider the constraints with interconnect and block positions simultaneously. We study in this paper two types of modern floorplanning problems: (1) fixed-outline floorplanning and (2) bus-driven floorplanning. Our floorplanner uses the B*-tree floorplan representation and is based on a fast three-stage simulated annealing scheme, called Fast-SA. For fixed-outline floorplanning, we present an adaptive Fast-SA that can dynamically change the weights in the cost function to optimize wirelength under the outline constraint. Experimental results show that our floorplanner can achieve almost 100% success rates efficiently for fixed-outline floorplanning with various aspect ratios, compared to 10%--90% success rates obtained by the most recent works. For the bus-driven floorplanning, we explore the feasibility conditions of the B*-tree with the bus constraints and develop a bus-driven floorplanning algorithm based on the conditions and Fast-SA. Experimental results show that our floorplanner on the average reduces 20% (55%) dead space for the floorplanning with hard (soft) macro blocks, compared with the most recent work. In particular, our floorplanner is more efficient than the previous works.
General Analysis of Feedback DAC's Clock Jitter in Continuous-Time Sigma-Delta Modulators (2014)

This brief describes a framework for the analysis of continuous-time sigma-delta (ΣΔ) modulators (CTSDM) in the presence of a feedback digital-to-analog converter (DAC)'s clock jitter using the discrete-time Volterra series. A time-domain mixing operation between jitter and CTSDM's digital output sequence is modeled with a second-order Volterra operator. The resulting closed-form jitter-induced CTSDM's output power spectral density is simple and includes the effects of the following: 1) quantization noise power; 2) input signal power and frequency; 3) CTSDM's quantization noise transfer function; 4) DAC's pulse shape; and 5) colored jitter. A third-order CTSDM is analyzed as a test bed. Excellent agreement between theoretical predictions and behavioral simulations is observed.
(In-)Security of Cookies in HTTPS: Cookie Theft by Removing Cookie Flags (2019)

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) cookies are widely used on the web to enhance communication efficiency between a client and a server by storing stateful information. However, cookies may contain private and sensitive information about users. Thus, in order to guarantee the security of cookies, most web browsers and servers support not only Transport Layer Security (TLS) but also other mechanisms such as HTTP Strict Transport Security and cookie flags. However, a recent study has shown that it is possible to circumvent cookie flags in HTTPS by exploiting a vulnerability in HTTP software that allows message truncation. In this paper, we propose a novel cookie hijacking attack called rotten cookie which deactivates cookie flags even if they are protected by TLS by exploiting a weakness in HTTP in terms of integrity checks. According to our investigation, all major browsers ignore uninterpretable sections of the header of HTTP response messages and accept incorrect formats without any rejection. We demonstrate that, when combined with TLS or application vulnerabilities, this form of attack can obtain private cookies by removing cookie flags. Thus, the attacker can impersonate a legitimate user in the eyes of the server when cookies are used as an authentication token. We prove the practicality of our attack by demonstrating that our attack can lead five major web browsers to accept a cookie without any cookie flags. We thus present a mitigation strategy for the transport layer to preserve cookie security against our attack.
Sex differences in cerebellar synaptic transmission and sex-specific responses to autism-linked Gabrb3 mutations in mice (2016)

Neurons of the cerebellar nuclei (CbN) transmit cerebellar signals to premotor areas. The cerebellum expresses several autism-linked genes, including GABRB3, which encodes GABAA receptor β3 subunits and is among the maternal alleles deleted in Angelman syndrome. We tested how this Gabrb3 m-/p+ mutation affects CbN physiology in mice, separating responses of males and females. Wild-type mice showed sex differences in synaptic excitation, inhibition, and intrinsic properties. Relative to females, CbN cells of males had smaller synaptically evoked mGluR1/5-dependent currents, slower Purkinje-mediated IPSCs, and lower spontaneous firing rates, but rotarod performances were indistinguishable. In mutant CbN cells, IPSC kinetics were unchanged, but mutant males, unlike females, showed enlarged mGluR1/5 responses and accelerated spontaneous firing. These changes appear compensatory, since mutant males but not females performed indistinguishably from wild-type siblings on the rotarod task. Thus, sex differences in cerebellar physiology produce similar behavioral output, but provide distinct baselines for responses to mutations.
Applied non-Gaussian processes : examples, theory, simulation, linear random vibration, and MATLAB solutions (1995)

Non-Gaussian data and probalilistic methods classes of non-Gaussian processes simulation of non-Gaussian processes response of linear systems to non-Gaussian inputs.
Liquid Wetting, Transport, and Retention Properties of Fibrous Assemblies: Part I: Water Wetting Properties of Woven Fabrics and Their Constituent Single Fibers (1992)

An experimental protocol is described for simultaneous measurements of liquid wetting and retention characteristics in woven fabrics. Dynamic measurements of the liquid-fabric interaction between the lower edge of a vertically hung fabric and a liquid are done with an electronic microbalance. A decoupling method is proposed and tested for separating the liquid wetting and retention components of the measurements. The wetting characteristics of cotton fabrics are not affected by fabric configurations, including length, fabric-water interface depth, and direction. The cosine contact angles obtained on the woven cotton fabrics are identical to those measured on the constituent single cotton fibers. Similar wetting properties between fabrics and their constituent single fibers are also verified on other 100% woven fabrics containing polyester, Nomex, acetate, or rayon fibers. This study demonstrates that the wettability of any fabric containing a single fiber type is the same as its constituent single fibers. The experimental protocol and decoupling approach permit convenient measurement of the intrinsic wetting property of any fiber in its woven form.
Multi-modal control of systems with constraints (2002)

In multi-modal control paradigm, a set of controllers of satisfactory performance have already been designed and must be used. Each controller may be designed for a different set of outputs in order to meet the given performance objectives and system constraints. When such a collection of control modes is available, an important problem is to be able to accomplish a variety of high level tasks by appropriately switching between the low-level control modes. In this paper, we propose a framework for determining the sequence of control modes that will satisfy reachability tasks. Our framework exploits the structure of output tracking controllers in order to extract a finite graph where the mode switching problem can be efficiently solved, and then implement it using the continuous controllers. Our approach is illustrated on a robot manipulator example, where we determine the mode switching logic that achieves the given reachability task.
A general model for recurring real-time tasks (2002)

A new model for hard real time tasks-the recurring real time task model-is introduced. This model generalizes earlier models such as the sporadic task model and the generalized multiframe task model. An algorithm is presented for feasibility analysis of a system of independent recurring real time tasks in a preemptive uniprocessor environment.
Development of Luminal Protein Digestion (1989)

Section of Neonatology and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Pediatrics and The Children's Research Center, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A.
Diet-Induced Obesity Impairs the T Cell Memory Response to Influenza Virus Infection (2010)

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has suggested that obesity may be an independent risk factor for increased severity of illness from the H1N1 pandemic strain. Memory T cells generated during primary influenza infection target internal proteins common among influenza viruses, making them effective against encounters with heterologous strains. In male, diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice, a secondary H1N1 influenza challenge following a primary H3N2 infection led to a 25% mortality rate (with no loss of lean controls), 25% increase in lung pathology, failure to regain weight, and 10- to 100-fold higher lung viral titers. Furthermore, mRNA expression for IFN-gamma was >60% less in lungs of obese mice, along with one third the number of influenza-specific CD8(+) T cells producing IFN-gamma postsecondary infection versus lean controls. Memory CD8(+) T cells from obese mice had a >50% reduction in IFN-gamma production when stimulated with influenza-pulsed dendritic cells from lean mice. Thus, the function of influenza-specific memory T cells is significantly reduced and ineffective in lungs of obese mice. The reality of a worldwide obesity epidemic combined with yearly influenza outbreaks and the current pandemic makes it imperative to understand how influenza virus infection behaves differently in an obese host. Moreover, impairment of memory responses has significant implications for vaccine efficacy in an obese population.
A level-map approach to transform coefficient coding (2017)

Transform coding is widely used in the video and image codec to largely remove the spatial correlation. The magnitude of transform coefficient is weakly correlated to a number of factors, including its frequency band, the neighboring coefficient magnitudes, luma/chroma planes, etc. To exploit such correlations for efficient entropy coding, one would build a probability model conditioned on the available contexts. However, the interaction of these factors creates a high dimensional space, a direct use of which would easily fall into the over-fitting problem. How to construct a compact context set which effectively captures the underlying correlations remains a major challenge in video and image compression. Prior research work primarily relies on bucketizing the previously coded coefficients into a small number of categories as the context model for next coefficient. Certain information loss is inevitable due to the classification process. To fully exploit the available context in a limited model space, a level map approach is proposed in this work. It decomposes the coding of coefficient magnitudes into consecutive runs of binary map coding, each corresponds to whether a coefficient is equal to or greater than the given level. Under the Markov assumption across the levels, nearly all the reference symbols available to each level map can be approximated as binary random variables. It hence allows the context model to account for all the surrounding coefficients information provided by the lower level maps, while retaining a reasonably compact size. Experimental evidence demonstrates that the proposed coding scheme provides considerable compression performance gains consistently over a large test settings.
Learning Vertex Representations for Bipartite Networks (2019)

Recent years have witnessed a widespread increase of interest in network representation learning (NRL). By far most research efforts have focused on NRL for homogeneous networks like social networks where vertices are of the same type, or heterogeneous networks like knowledge graphs where vertices (and/or edges) are of different types. There has been relatively little research dedicated to NRL for bipartite networks. Arguably, generic network embedding methods like node2vec and LINE can also be applied to learn vertex embeddings for bipartite networks by ignoring the vertex type information. However, these methods are suboptimal in doing so, since real-world bipartite networks concern the relationship between two types of entities, which usually exhibit different properties and patterns from other types of network data. For example, E-Commerce recommender systems need to capture the collaborative filtering patterns between customers and products, and search engines need to consider the matching signals between queries and webpages.