gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Applying Pair-Program Downloading Method for Industrial Remote Operations (2003)

We developed a dynamic pair-program downloading architecture to establish flexible industrial remote operation environments. In the architecture, a pair of programs appears in one remote operation context. One program is downloaded to a plant side and another is downloaded to a remote operator side. Both programs are simultaneously started and communicate each other. The remote-side operator’s commands are executed in the plant side program and the execution results are viewed via the operator-side program. By using this architecture, the remote-side operator is able to select best match programs whenever he or she needs, and dynamically start them. Remote operations such as maintenance, diagnoses, and command executions are more and more needed in these days in industrial automation domains. This architecture provides a solution for flexible computing environments where dynamic operation changes are highly needed. In this paper, we explain our architecture first, and then, report the evaluation results through the experiences of architecture development, prototype application developments, and using the applications in a real remote plant-operation environment
1496: The Predictive Value of Clinical Versus Pathological Information in Prostate Cancer: How Often is the Change Significant? (2005)

You have accessJournal of UrologyDiscussed Poster, Wednesday, May 25, 2005, 8:00am - 12:00 pm1 Apr 20051496: The Predictive Value of Clinical Versus Pathological Information in Prostate Cancer: How Often is the Change Significant? Puneet Masson, Sarah M. Lambert, Robert E. Mitchell, Eric T. Goluboff, Aaron E. Katz, Mitchell C. Benson, Carl A. Olsson, and James M. McKiernan Puneet MassonPuneet Masson More articles by this author , Sarah M. LambertSarah M. Lambert More articles by this author , Robert E. MitchellRobert E. Mitchell More articles by this author , Eric T. GoluboffEric T. Goluboff More articles by this author , Aaron E. KatzAaron E. Katz More articles by this author , Mitchell C. BensonMitchell C. Benson More articles by this author , Carl A. OlssonCarl A. Olsson More articles by this author , and James M. McKiernanJames M. McKiernan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(18)35630-1AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "1496: The Predictive Value of Clinical Versus Pathological Information in Prostate Cancer: How Often is the Change Significant?." The Journal of Urology, 173(4S), p. 405 © 2016 by American Urological AssociationFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 173Issue 4SApril 2005Page: 405 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2016 by American Urological AssociationMetricsAuthor Information Puneet Masson More articles by this author Sarah M. Lambert More articles by this author Robert E. Mitchell More articles by this author Eric T. Goluboff More articles by this author Aaron E. Katz More articles by this author Mitchell C. Benson More articles by this author Carl A. Olsson More articles by this author James M. McKiernan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
Darstellung, Reaktionen und Stereochemie der 2.3;6.7;2′.3′;6′.7′‐Tetrabenzo‐heptafulvalene (1969)

Abstract Die Darstellung der beiden möglichen Formen des Tetrabenzo‐heptafulvalens [ anti ( 3a ) und syn ( 3b )] wird beschrieben. Die syn ‐Form wird aus dem Thioketon 4 oder aus dem geminalen Dichlorid 5 durch Kochen mit Kupfer‐Pulver in Toluol erhalten. Die höherschmelzende anti ‐Form entsteht irreversibel thermisch aus der syn ‐Form. Die UV‐Bestrahlung von 3a oder 3b führt zu ein und derselben Käfigverbindung 16 , welche beim Erwärmen 3a liefert. Die Überführung von 3a oder 3b in das Tetrahydroprodukt 15 erfolgt durch Hydrierung an Raney‐Nickel bzw. mit Wasserstoff/Platindioxid. Die IR‐, NMR‐, Raman‐, UV‐ und Massenspektren der Verbindungen 3a , 3b und 16 werden diskutiert. Auf das unterschiedliche Verhalten von 3 gegenüber dem formal ähnlichen Bixanthylen ( 1a ) bezüglich Einwirkung von Thionylchlorid, Thermochromie und Photolyse wird hingewiesen.
Evidence for the importance of community involvement: Implications for initiatives to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV (2001)

This paper offers lessons learned from a literature review of community involvement in biomedical and other technologies that can guide appropriate and effective introduction of services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. A companion paper discusses research in Botswana and Zambia that showed gaps in community knowledge about HIV transmission, particularly from mother to child, and yielded insights into community perspectives about barriers to using voluntary counseling and testing services; stigma and fear associated with HIV; traditional norms on breastfeeding; and the role of family and community members in women’s decisions to participate in programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. A separate publication (“Community involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV: Insights and recommendations”) offers recommendations for community involvement strategies. Placed within the framework of community involvement, an intervention that addresses mother-to-child transmission of HIV offers an enormous opportunity to improve HIV prevention and care. Successful interventions can influence how AIDS is perceived by the community, reduce stigma, and have an effect beyond the immediate prevention of perinatal transmission.
A broad-spectrum sunscreen prevents UVA radiation-induced gene expression in reconstructed skin in vitro and in human skin in vivo (2011)

The efficacy of sunscreens to protect against ultraviolet (UV) A radiation is usually assessed by measuring erythema formation and pigmentation. The biological relevance of these endpoints for UVA-induced skin damage, however, is not known. We therefore carried out two complementary studies to determine UVA protection provided by a broad-spectrum sunscreen product at a molecular level by studying UVA radiation-induced gene expression. One study was performed on human reconstructed skin in vitro with a semi-global gene expression analysis of 227 genes in fibroblasts and 244 in keratinocytes. The second one was conducted in vivo in human volunteers and focused on genes involved in oxidative stress response and photo-ageing (haeme oxygenase-1, superoxide dismutase-2, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, matrix metalloproteinase-1). In-vitro UVA radiation induced modulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix homeostasis, oxidative stress, heat shock responses, cell growth, inflammation and epidermal differentiation. Sunscreen pre-application abrogated or significantly reduced these effects, as underlined by unsupervised clustering analysis. The in vivo study confirmed that the sunscreen prevented UVA radiation-induced transcriptional expression of the five studied genes. These findings indicate the high efficacy of a broad-spectrum sunscreen in protecting human skin against UVA-induced gene responses and suggest that this approach is a biologically relevant complement to existing methods.
Degradation of 4H-SiC MOSFETs under different short circuit test conditions: A simulation study (2017)

The influence of different short circuit (SC) test conditions, including bias voltages and case temperature, on the degradation of Silicon Carbide (SiC) MOSFETs performance is investigated. Sentaurus TCAD is utilized with the trap degradation model included in the simulations to assess the density of hot holes trapped in the gate oxide during this procedure. Simulation results demonstrate that higher temperature and drain bias voltage will result in faster degradation while a degradation extremum exists with the increase of gate voltage.
Maximum Bladed Disk Forced Response From Distortion of a Structural Mode (2002)

A method is presented for obtaining maximum bladed disk forced response from distortion of a structural mode. It is shown that maximum response from mode distortion in a bladed disk occurs when the harmonic components of a distorted mode superimpose in a certain manner, causing localization of the mode and strong response in a particular blade. In addition, it is shown that the response of an intentionally mistuned system with maximum response does not change significantly when small random mistuning is added to the system. A method is described for calculating the structural mistuning necessary to obtain the distorted mode that gives maximum response. The theory is validated numerically.
Computing stereoscopic disparity with binocular cortical simple and complex cells (1999)

The analysis of the depth coordinates of objects in a visual scene is of vital importance for animals and in technological applications. In 2D camera projections of a 3D visual scene depth information is initially lost but can be recovered when using two cameras in a stereoscopic setup. The projection of an object located at a finite distance from the camera is laterally displaced in the left camera image compared to the right camera image. This displacement, called disparity, can be used to retrieve the object's depth coordinate. Sanger (1988) proposed that the phase relation between two spatial band-pass filter responses (Gabor filters) could be used to measure local disparity. Simple cells in the visual cortex have receptive fields which can be described as Gabor filters. Most of them are driven binocularly and tuned to respond most strongly to stimuli at a certain preferred distance from the fixation plane. Cortical complex cells receive input from simple cells. As a consequence also complex cells implicitly encode visual depth. Here we formalize the computational procedure which could underlie the extraction of depth information from complex cell responses and solve it analytically for two different stimulus situations. The theory predicts that a strong discrepancy should exist between the actual and the perceived depth of sine-wave luminance modulated (grating) stimuli. If the spatial frequency of the grating is increased it should appear to move closer to the observer.
Studies on the Synthesis of 17β-Hydroxyandrostan-3-one (1960)

In the synthesis of 17β-hydroxyandrostan-3-one from 3β-acetoxy-5-androsten-17-one, carbonyl group at 17-position is reduced to 17β-hydroxyl almost quantitatively by means of sodium borohydride without accompanying saponification of 3-ester. By catalytic hydrogenation over Raney nickel under high pressure and heating, double bond at 5-6 position of the steroidal B-ring is saturated and the trans-form is produced. In this case, aromatic ring at 17-ester is first reduced, followed by the double bond at 5-position. 3-Hydroxyl is oxidized to 3-keto group in a good yield on heating with activated alumina and cyclohexanone in nonpolar solvent. Finally, 17-ester is saponified quantitatively to 17β-hydroxyandrostan-3-one.
Reinforcement Learning Based on Many Parallel CMAC Neural Networks (2008)

To solve the problem of the slow convergent rate of standard Q-learning, a reinforcement learning algorithm based on many parallel Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller (CMAC) neural networks was proposed. The input state variables were divided to decrease the grades of quantization without changing the resolution. Therefore, the storage spaces of CMAC were reduced effectively, and the outputs of CMAC with lower storage spaces were used to approximate the Q-functions of the corresponding input state variables by integrating CMAC with Q-learning method. So, the learning rate and control precision of Q-algorithm were improved simultaneity, and the generalization of continuous state variables was realized. The method was applied to control the balance of inverted pendulum, and the simulation results show its correctness and efficiency.
Electrophilic Interference in Methods for Estimating Nucleophilic Assistance in Solvolyses (1987)

Methods for estimating the extent of nucleophilic solvent assistance (NSA) in solvolyses generally ignore electrophilic solvent assistance (ESA), or they assume that variation in ESA covaries with solvent ionizing power during solvent variation. In the present work, we argue that these assumptions are incorrect and that they lead to overestimation of NSA. The solvatochromic equation is applied to the solvolyses of tert-butyl chloride, 1-adamantyl chloride, and a mustard derivative to permit estimation of the sensitivity of these substrates to ESA. The results show that ESA can vary dramatically even when the leaving group is unchanged. Finally, we examine a recent failure of the EtOH-TFE (trifluoroethanol) approach for estimating NSA and conclude that failure is due to the unusually high sensitivity of the model compound, 1-adamantyl chloride, to ESA.
Intrinsic Magnetoresistance of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Probed by a Noncontact Method (2010)

The intrinsic magnetotransport effect of the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) has been observed by the cavity perturbation technique, which is a noncontact method for evaluating transport properties. The inverse Q factor of the cavity resonator, which corresponds to the resistance of the sample, shows a linear increase as a function of the magnetic field. The angular and tube diameter dependence of oriented SWNT thin films, and measurements using sorted SWNTs reveal that the observed positive magnetoresistance is due to the Aharonov-Bohm effect of metallic nanotubes.
Some Modern Developments in 3D EM Modeling and Inversion for Surface, Marine, and Borehole Applications (2004)

We present examples of application of the software developed for interpretation of electromagnetic observations in complicated geological environments. The software includes codes for numerical simulation and inversion of EM data.
PRETRANSPLANT CONDITIONING WITH BUSULFAN (MYLERAN) AND CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE FOR NONMALIGNANT DISEASES (1985)

Four pediatric patients with diseases potentially curable by bone marrow transplantation (BMT)--i.e., common variable immune deficiency, Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (WAS), mucopolysaccharidosis type VI, and mucopolysaccharidosis type I received a conditioning regimen consisting of busulfan and cyclophosphamide prior to BMT from HLA-identical, mixed leukocyte culture (MLC)-unreactive siblings. Only one of the four patients achieved full engraftment. Of the remaining three patients, one experienced failure of engraftment, and two had persistent mixed chimerism. Although no serious complications were directly related to the preparative therapy, the doses of busulfan and cyclophosphamide previously described to be adequate for conditioning children with WAS were completely effective in only one of three pediatric patients in this series. Despite a higher dose of busulfan (16 mg/kg), mixed chimerism was observed in a subsequent patient. Of 13 evaluable patients in the literature in whom busulfan and cyclophosphamide had been used as preconditioning regimens for a variety of nonmalignant conditions, eight demonstrated lack of complete and sustained engraftment. On the other hand, clinical improvement has accompanied partial engraftment in some cases. We conclude that additional immunosuppressive and/or myeloablative conditioning is necessary if complete engraftment is attempted in histocompatible allogeneic BMT for many of the nonmalignant disorders.
A simple and direct pre-embedding technique for ultrastructure of scarce biological specimens (2008)

A simple and rapid technique for pre-embedding scarce biological specimens for Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is reported. It is based on pre-embedding biological samples in bovine serum albumin (BSA) and bis-acrylamide (BA), cross-linked and polymerized with paraformaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, ammonium persulfate and Temed. Pre-embedding in BSA and BA offers several advantages over traditional pre-embedding techniques for TEM including the ability to visualize the sample and a more resistant matrix. This results in more reproducible and consistent analysis. It can be applied to tissues, cells, and subcellular structures handled as pellets or suspensions. In addition, use of the pre-embedding matrix for light microscopy is reported. The ability to pre-embed scarce biological specimens efficiently and reproducibly provides a valuable way to study and characterize cytological tissues such as biopsies or cystic and amniotic fluid cells.
Distinction between postsurgical changes and carcinoma by means of stereotaxic fine-needle aspiration biopsy after reduction mammaplasty. (1993)

Stereotaxic fine-needle aspiration biopsy (SFNAB) was performed to evaluate suspicious mammographic findings (31 stellate lesions, 20 regions of grouped calcifications, two nodules, and one area of prominent trabecular markings) in 54 patients who had undergone reduction mammaplasty. SFNAB findings were correlated with findings in histologic specimens whenever possible; the cytologic samples were classified as malignant, atypical, or benign. In 22 lesions, the abnormalities on mammograms were considered highly suspicious for malignancy. In the 32 others, the degree of suspicion was lower, but these lesions had a change in appearance since acquisition of the first postoperative mammogram. SFNAB enabled diagnosis of adenocarcinoma in five women. Patients who have undergone mastectomy with reconstruction of one breast and mammaplasty in the other are at higher risk for development of contralateral breast cancer, as are all patients who have had such cancer. SFNAB is reliable for evaluation of suspicious mammographic abnormalities that develop after mammaplasty and findings that change after acquisition of the first postoperative mammogram.
The action of alkali on some pyrimidines and their derivatives (1966)

Thymine and 1-substituted thymines were completely stable when treated with N-potassium hydroxideat 100° for 1 hr. Uracil was also shown to be stable, but 1-substituted uracils underwent ring fission to give urea and ammonia. Urea was found to give ammonia under these conditions. Cytosine derivatives were deaminated to different extents, depending on the nature of the 1-substituent, to give the corresponding 1-substituted uracil derivatives. No breakage of the 1-substituent bond in the cytosine derivatives was detected. Syntheses of 1-(p-nitrobenzyl)cytosine and 1-(p-nitrobenzyl)uracil are described.
Assessment of Papillary Fibroelastomas with Live Three‐Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiography (2008)

Seven consecutive patients presenting with typical echocardiographic features of papillary fibroelastoma requiring surgery were studied. All patients underwent standard two-dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) followed by live three-dimensional (live 3D) echocardiography with data set storage allowing analysis with systematic cropping of the acquired 3D data and volume measurement of the lesions. Assessment of papillary fibroelastoma by 2D and live 3D TTE was compared to operative findings. The feasibility of live 3D echocardiography in this setting was 100%. The quality of images was considered as optimal in three patients, good in three patients, and poor in one patient. A typical speckled appearance of the tumor was observed in three patients presenting with large tumors. The location of the tumor attachment was precisely defined in all but one patient, with a clear improvement in spatial assessment with live 3D TTE in three patients. Live 3D TTE also improved the operative planning in three patients. Live 3D TTE appears to be useful in the assessment of intracardiac tumors as small as papillary fibroelastomas, leading to a comprehensive approach of the lesion and facilitating the operative planning.
The effect of sputter-deposition conditions on the coercive force in amorphous rare-earth-transition-metal thin films (1988)

The origins of the coercive force in amorphous rare-earth-transition metal films have been investigated. The results are discussed in terms of how the growth conditions of the sputter-deposited films determine the pinning features that cause the coercive force. A model has been developed for the variation of coercive force with film thickness that enables a local pinning force per unit area to be deduced. This suggests that it should be possible to increase the coercive force by breaking up the microstructure with a multilayered structure. An increase in coercive force obtained by making such structures with tungsten is described. A reduction in coercive force obtained when the films are deposited in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field is also reported and interpreted in terms of a growth annealing model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Spatio-temporal dynamics of repetitive sequences in preimplantation rabbit embryos (2011)

International audience
Development of interpretive criteria and quality control limits for broth microdilution and disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae (1994)

A five-center collaborative study was undertaken to develop quality control and specific interpretive criteria for susceptibility testing of Streptococcus pneumoniae against 12 antimicrobial agents. MICs were determined for 248 pneumococcal clinical isolates (with an emphasis on resistant strains) by use of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS)-recommended broth microdilution procedure incorporating lysed horse blood-supplemented Mueller-Hinton broth. NCCLS disk diffusion testing was also performed for each isolate by using Mueller-Hinton sheep blood agar incubated in 5% CO2. Repetitive testing of S. pneumoniae ATCC 49619 with different sources and lots of media and disks allowed development of quality control ranges which encompassed approximately 95% of MIC and zone size values observed in the study. Good intra- and interlaboratory reproducibilities were seen with these testing methods and all of the drugs examined. On the basis of the results of this study, MIC interpretive criteria are proposed for 11 agents. Comparisons of MICs and disk diffusion zone sizes allowed disk diffusion zone size interpretive criteria to be proposed for five drugs and confirmed the use of the oxacillin disk test for prediction of penicillin susceptibility among pneumococci. Excessive numbers of minor-category interpretive errors precludes recommendation at this time of the disk diffusion method for testing of pneumococci against five of the drugs. Use of these proposed quality control and interpretive criteria should provide for reproducible test results and allow recognition of recently emerging resistance among pneumococcal clinical isolates.
Adherence to Calcium and Vitamin D supplementations: results from the ADVICE Survey. (2012)

Activities aimed to strengthen motivation of the patients improved the adherence to calcium and vitamin D supplementations after only 6 months.