gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Controlled quantum dot formation in atomically engineered graphene\n nanoribbons field-effect transistors (2019)

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have attracted a strong interest from researchers\nworldwide, as they constitute an emerging class of quantum-designed materials.\nThe major challenges towards their exploitation in electronic applications\ninclude reliable contacting, complicated by their small size ($<$50 nm), as\nwell as the preservation of their physical properties upon device integration.\nIn this combined experimental and theoretical study, we report on the quantum\ndot (QD) behavior of atomically precise GNRs integrated in a device geometry.\nThe devices consist of a film of aligned 5-atoms wide GNRs (5-AGNRs)\ntransferred onto graphene electrodes with a sub 5-nm nanogap. We demonstrate\nthat the narrow-bandgap 5-AGNRs exhibit metal-like behavior resulting in linear\nIV curves for low bias voltages at room temperature and single-electron\ntransistor behavior for temperatures below 150~K. By performing spectroscopy of\nthe molecular levels at 13~K, we obtain addition energies in the range of\n200-300 meV. DFT calculations predict comparable addition energies and reveal\nthe presence of two electronic states within the bandgap of infinite ribbons\nwhen the finite length of the 5-AGNRs is accounted for. By demonstrating the\npreservation of the 5-AGNRs electronic properties upon device integration, as\ndemonstrated by transport spectroscopy, our study provides a critical step\nforward in the realisation of more exotic GNR-based nano-electronic devices.\n
<title>Selective parallel interference cancellation (S-PIC) receiver for MC-CDMA systems</title> (2002)

In this paper, performance of different MultiUser Detection (MUD) receivers are investigated for a MultiCarrier (MC)-Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system in an Indoor Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). Simulation results show that benefits of MC-CDMA schemes in terms of capacity, throughput and Bit Error Rate (BER), are enhanced by means of Least Mean Square Error (LMSE) and Selective Parallel Interference Cancellation (S-PIC) receivers, at the expense of a moderate increase in overall system complexity. In particular, the S-PIC receiver is able to outperform other techniques in all the conditions examined. Moreover, we have investigated robustness of our proposed scheme with respect to phase and/or amplitude estimates errors, to prove that performance are not highly affected if errors are not large enough.
Leaning Impedance Distribution of Object from Images Using Fully Convolutional Neural Networks (2020)

Robots have been introduced into industrial factory automation. It is necessary to consider interactions between the robots and environments to expand executable tasks of the robots. In the interaction, impedance is an essential factor for the robot to contact with the environment, whereas the impedance is unobservable without contact. In this study, we introduce a concept of affordance for impedance estimation without contact. We propose the impedance estimation method from an RGB image input using deep learning. In this paper, we show that the proposed method can extract pixels corresponding to sponges with its impedance composed of stiffness and viscosity, including the distribution of the impedance. We conducted the experiments to validate the proposed method.
Nanostructured Polymeric Materials and Their Implementation in Enhancing Biocatalytic Processes (2018)

Polymer science has played a pivotal role in the development of nanotechnology. Self-assembly of polymeric materials at the molecular-level enables the fabrication of periodic arrays of nanostructures with various geometries and sizes, which present exciting opportunities in fabrication of nanoscale devices. However, self-assembled structures are often too regular for use in fabricating complex devices. Therefore, a simple layer-by-layer method was developed to allow for quantitative control over both size and shape of equilibrium nanostructures in self-assembled block copolymer thin films. The use of photolithography imparted spatial control over the self-assembly process.\nSuch self-assembly can result in structures approaching the size of single biomacromolecules, potentially enabling the precise placement of individual enzymes. Using these nanostructured thin films as inspiration, the effect of nanopatterning enzymes for multi-step biocatalysis was explored numerically by developing a kinetic Monte Carol simulation. Molecular trajectories of the reaction species as well as turnover frequency of individual enzymes on the surface were tracked under diffusion-limited and reaction-limited conditions. Interestingly, these simulations revealed that enzyme density and arrangement have little impact on overall activity of the multi-enzyme cascade reaction.\nGiven these results, we turned our attention to improving enzymatic activity by covalent modification of the enzyme with polymeric materials. This covalent modification holds tremendous promise as an approach to tune the molecular-level interactions between enzymes and their solvent environments. Enzymes modified with highly soluble polymers had greatly improved solubility in an ionic liquid. This correlated with increases of up to 19-fold in enzyme activity. However, because the preparation and purification of enzymes can be costly, the loss of recyclability of the newly homogeneous enzyme-polymer conjugates was undesirable. By utilizing a responsive polymeric material, the miscibility of the enzyme can be altered adaptively. Specifically, thermodynamic interactions between the enzyme-polymer conjugate and solvent were varied as a function of temperature by utilizing a thermoresponsive polymer. When recycled via sequential dissolution and precipitation, the enzyme did not lose any activity. This approach enables the benefits of both increased activity of homogeneous biocatalysis and improved processability of heterogeneous biocatalysis in non-native solvents.
[Validation study of the 10-channel Sidas 2010 registration unit for diagnosis of sleep-related respiratory disorders]. (1993)

We found 10 patients with an apnoea index (AI) > 10/h (mean AI 53.2), 4 patients with AI between 5 and 10/h (mean AI 6.4) and 6 patients with an AI < 5/h (mean AI 3.4). 5835 apnoeas and hypopnoeas were evaluated. The statistical analyses yielded the following results: equal classification of central apnoeas in 87%, of obstructive apnoeas in 90% and of mixed apnoeas in 92% of the cases; on the whole, 10% more hypopnoeas were classified in the SIDAS recordings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Comparison of the antinociceptive effect between cyclic dipeptide, cyclo[Tyr(Et)-homoarginine]r and linear dipeptide, Boc-Tyr(Et)-homoarginine-OMe, in rats (1983)

The antinociceptive effect of cyclic dipeptide, cyclo[Tyr(Et)-homoarginine](C.TEHA) was examined using tail flick test and digitus pinching test in rats in comparison with linear dipeptide, Boc-Tyr(Et)-homoarginine-OMe(B.TEHM). Though both dipep-tides administered into the lateral, the 3rd and the 4th cere-broventricle produced antinociceptive effect eguipotent to morphine,except the 4th cerebroventricle administration of B.TEHM, the administration into the spinal subarachnoid space was without effect. The effect of B.TEHM was completely antagonized by the pretreatment of naloxone(i.ρ.) when administered into the 3rd cerebroventricle where its effect was demonstrated to be the strongest, but naloxone had no significant effect on C.TEHA administered into the 3rd cerebroventricle in both tests. It was concluded that both dipep-tides act on the upper brain stem, especially around the 3rd cerebroventricle. Moreover, it was also thought that the effect of B.TEHM may be involved in the brain opioid system,and that of C.TEHA can be produced via naloxone-resistant opioid system or non-opioid system.
Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of Three-Dimensional Supramolecular Dendrimers (2010)

The design and synthesis of novel three-dimensional (3-D) supramolecular dendrimers is described. The coordination-driven self-assembly of a 120 degrees diplatinum acceptor and tritopic pyridyl donors bearing [G-0]-[G-3] Fréchet-type dendrons results in a series of supramolecular dendrimers under mild conditions, possessing a robust adamantanoid core of well-defined shape and size. The assemblies were identified using multinuclear ((31)P and (1)H) NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, as well as pulsed-field-gradient spin-echo (PGSE) NMR measurement together with computational simulations. Isotopically resolved mass spectral data support the existence of the [6 + 4] assembly of adamantanoid dendrimers, and the NMR results are consistent with the formation of these symmetrical assemblies. PGSE NMR measurements together with MMFF force-field modeling clearly reveal the structural feature of the 3-D supramolecular dendrimers with varying sizes.
TiN nanocrystal flash memory devices (2008)

Memory characteristics of TiN metal nanocrystals embedded by high-κ Al2O3 films have been investigated. The TiN (0.5 nm)/Al2O3 (1 nm) multilayers with high-κ Al2O3 film as a blocking oxide on SiO2/p-Si substrates have been deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). After subsequent annealing treatment (>900°C), tiny TiN nanocrystals with a diameter of ∼3 nm have been formed. The size and density of TiN nanocrystals have been measured by High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). The densities of TiN nanocrystals are found to be ∼1.6 × 1012/cm² at 950°C for 2 min and ∼5.3 × 1012/cm² at 900° for 2 min in N2 (90%) + O2 (10%) annealing ambient. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) shows the Ti-N bonds, suggesting that the TiN nanocrystals embedded in high-κ Al2O3 films can be formed. A high programming speed of threshold voltage shift (ΔVt) ∼6.7 V @ 0.1 ms can be observed for the TiN nanocrystal memory devices. The erasing speed of ΔVt ∼6.7 V @ 20 ms is slow, due to low work function poly-Si gate electrode. The charge loss of the TiN nanocrystal memory devices is ∼14% at 20°C and ∼17% at 85°C, which is better result as compared with the best published data in the literatures. A good programming speed, endurance and retention characteristics have been observed, due to small metal nano-dot, high density and deep level charge trapping as well as strong charge confinement in the TiN nanocrystals. The memory device performance can be improved with increasing the density of TiN nanocrystals. The TiN nanocrystal flash memory devices can be useful in future nanoscale high-performance applications.
ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC STUDY ON COOKED RICE WITH DIFFERENT AMYLOSE CONTENTS (1998)

ABSTRACT The texture of six varieties of cooked rice with different amylose contents was measured with a Texturometer. Masticatory behavior of the rice was evaluated using electromyography (EMG) of masticatory muscles. Differences in mastication patterns among the seven subjects examined were greater than between rice varieties. Masticatory behavior was more related to the adhesiveness and stickiness of rice as measured using a Texturometer than to the hardness. The number of chews and masticatory time, total duration of mastication and total muscle activities were highly correlated with each other, and were greater in cooked rice with a high amylose content, which showed low adhesiveness and stickiness values using a Texturometer. Cooked rice with a high amylose content was masticated with high masseter muscle activities. The ratio of jaw‐opening muscle activity to the preceding jaw‐closing muscle activity was low in high‐amylose varieties, which corresponds to the ratio of stickiness to hardness using a Texturometer. Between‐sample differences in mastication parameters were more apparent in the early stage of mastication, and no significant diference was observed in the late stage.
Computerunterstützte Bildanalyse in der dynamischen Perfusions-MRT des Gehirns durch Vektorquantisierung mit neuronalen Netzen (2005)

Ziele: Entwicklung, Test und Evaluation einer Methode zur Vektorquantisierung (VQ) für die dynamische KM-unterstützte Perfusions-MRT des Gehirns durch Neuronale Netze. Methode: Dynamische KM-unterstützte Perfusions-MRT wurde bei 4 Patienten mit subakutem Insult (2–4 Tage nach Beginn neurologischer Symptome) durchgeführt (1,5 T, 2D GE-EPI-Sequenz, 10 axiale Schichten, 38 Akquisitionen, Intervall 1.5s, 0.15mmol/kg KG GD-DTPA-Bolusinjektion). Für jedes Pixel wurde die Zeitreihe der relativen Signalminderung errechnet. Die neuronale VQ der resultierenden hochdimensionalen Merkmalsvektoren wurde mit den Algorithmen Minimal Free Energy VQ (MFE), Self-Organizing Map (SOM) und Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) durchgeführt, wobei jeweils 16 Cluster verwendet wurden. Die VQ-Ergebnise wurden evaluiert durch (i) visuelle Beurteilung von Clusterzuordnungskarten und zugehörigen Signalzeitreihen, (ii) quantitativen Vergleich mit konventionellen Perfusionsparameter-Karten zur Detektion von Gehirnregionen mit lokaler Minderperfusion (niedriges rCBV und hohes MTT) durch Flächenbestimmung (AUC) nach ROC-Kurvenanalyse. Ergebnis: Die neuronale VQ ermöglichte eine funktionelle Segmentierung bzgl. Gefäßkaliber, detektierte Seitenasymmetrien der KM-Anflutung und identifizierte Regionen lokaler Minderperfusion bei Patienten mit zerebralem Insult. Die ROC-Analyse bestätigte, dass die neuronale VQ mit hoher Validität Regionen reduzierter Gehirnperfusion im Vgl. zu konventionellen rCBV- und MTT-Karten identifiziert, wobei MFE-VQ (AUC=0.98 (rCBV), 0.81 (MTT)) gering bessere Ergebnisse erzielte als SOM (AUC=0.97 (rCBV), 0.81 (MTT)) und FCM (AUC=0.97 (rCBV), 0.70 (MTT)). Schlussfolgerung: Die neuronale VQ erweist sich als nützliches Instrument für den Radiologen, Unterschiede bzgl. Signaldynamik und -amplitude zu identifizieren und hierdurch die zerebrale Perfusionssituation zu analysieren und zu visualisieren. Somit kann sie nutzbringend zur computerunterstützten Diagnose zerebraler Zirkulationsstörungen durch nichtinvasive Bildgebung beitragen.
(Invited) Non-Planar Transistors with High-Mobility SiGe/Ge Channels for CMOS Applications (2010)

Firstly, advantages and fabrication processes for strained SiGe fin- and wire-pMOSFETs are summarized. It is shown that strained SiGe-on-insulator channels formed by the Ge condensation process is effective to keep strain in the channel and hence to boost the current drivability of pMOSFETs. Secondly, our recent progress on a new gate-stack technology using SrGex interlayer and fabrication process of narrow Ge-fin structures using anisotropic wet etching were demonstrated for all-Ge CMOS applications. It is shown that these processes are beneficial for realizing non-planar Ge-CMOS devices in future technology nodes.
Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography/Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as Complementary Analytical Techniques for Unambiguous Identification of Polymethoxylated Flavones in Residues from Molecular Distillation of Orange Peel Oils (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) (2005)

Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/nuclear magnetic resonance techniques with ultraviolet/diode array detection were used as complementary analytical tools for the reliable identification of polymethoxylated flavones in residues from molecular distillation of cold-pressed peel oils of Citrus sinensis. After development of a liquid chromatographic separation procedure, the presence of several polymethoxy flavones such as sinensetin, nobiletin, tangeretin, quercetogetin, heptamethoxyflavone, and other derivatives was unambiguously confirmed. In addition, proceranone, an acetylated tetranortriterpenoid with limonoid structure, was identified for the first time in citrus. Keywords: LC/NMR; LC/MS; Citrus sinensis; polymethoxylated flavones; polymethoxyflavones; tetranortriterpene; limonoid; proceranone
Preparation of zinc sulfide and cadmium sulfide by thermal degradation of (methanethiolato)zinc and cadmium complexes, [M(SMe)2]n (M = Zn, Cd) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation of zinc sulfide and cadmium sulfide by thermal degradation of (methanethiolato)zinc and cadmium complexes, [M(SMe)2]n (M = Zn, Cd)Kohtaro Osakada and Takakazu YamamotoCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 10, 2328–2332Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00010a020https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00010a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views184Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Water-core waveguide for pollution measurements in the deep ultraviolet (1998)

A fiber optic system for water analysis with high transparency in the deep-UV region (lambda >/= 190 nm) is presented. The system consists of special UV-improved silica fibers and a liquid-core waveguide (LCW) as an optical cell. The apertures of both light guides, the silica fiber and the LCW, are matched. The optical losses of the device are investigated experimentally and compared with theory, especially with a standard free-space geometry. The performance of the system with respect to UV absorption spectroscopy is demonstrated for nitrate and chlorine pollution in pure water. For a 203-mm-long LCW the detection limits have been determined to be as low as 22 mug/L for nitrate and 26 mug/L for chlorine.
Distributed Iterative Processing for Interference Channels with Receiver Cooperation (2012)

We propose a framework for the derivation and evaluation of distributed iterative algorithms for receiver cooperation in interference-limited wireless systems. Our approach views the processing within and collaboration between receivers as the solution to an inference problem in the probabilistic model of the whole system. The probabilistic model is formulated to explicitly incorporate the receivers' ability to share information of a predefined type. We employ a recently proposed unified message-passing tool to infer the variables of interest in the factor graph representation of the probabilistic model. The exchange of information between receivers arises in the form of passing messages along some specific edges of the factor graph; the rate of updating and passing these messages determines the communication overhead associated with cooperation. Simulation results illustrate the high performance of the proposed algorithm even with a low number of message exchanges between receivers.
MicroRNA history: Discovery, recent applications, and next frontiers (2011)

Since 1993, when the first small non-coding RNA was identified, our knowledge about microRNAs has grown exponentially. In this review, we focus on the main progress in this field and discuss the most important findings under a historical perspective. In addition, we examine microRNAs as markers of disease diagnosis and prognosis, and as new therapeutic targets.
Metallization and packaging of compound semiconductor devices at Sandia National Laboratories (1996)

Recent advances in compound semiconductor technology utilize a variety of metal thin films fabricated by thermal and electron-beam evaporation, and electroplating. An overview of metal processes used by Sandia`s Compound Semiconductor Research Laboratory is presented. Descriptions of electrical n-type and p-type ohmic contact alloys, interconnect metal, and metal layers specifically included for packaging requirements are addressed. Several illustrations of devices incorporating gold plated air bridges are included. ``Back-end`` processes such as flip-chip under bump metallurgy with fluxless solder reflow and plated solder processes are mentioned as current research areas.
Towards an energy management system of systems: An industrial case study (2012)

A cloud based on energy related information, which is provided as services from all system components from the shop floor to the management systems, is a desire of the industry business. This paper is based on the first part of a Case Study applied to the multinational company Schneider Electric, focused to a System of Systems approach for Energy Management. It presents a State-of-the-Art analysis of some general topics related to System of Systems, Energy Management, and European Projects in order to understand the new architecture approached today, and their care towards Energy Efficiency. This background helped to start a Case Study, which in its first part regards to Energy Efficiency tools from machine builders and the next step to EcoStruxure program. This approach explains its methodology and architecture inside the industry business. It is concluded generally that Schneider Electric, as one sample of the companies providing solutions for the industry, care about developing products, services, and projects oriented to an Energy Efficient world.
Suramin: an anticancer drug with a unique mechanism of action. (1989)

We administered suramin, an anti-parasitic drug and reverse transcriptase inhibitor, to 15 patients with metastatic cancer. This compound is known to inhibit the binding of growth factors (eg, epidermal growth factor [EGF], platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF], tumor growth factor-beta [TGF-beta]) to their receptors and thus antagonize the ability of these factors to stimulate growth of tumor cells in vitro. There were no complete responses (CRs), four partial responses (PRs) (two of ten adrenal cortex, one of four renal, one of one adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma [HTLV-1]), and two minimal responses (MRs) (two of ten adrenal cortex). Toxicity included proteinuria (14 patients), reversible liver function test abnormalities (eight), vortex keratopathy (five), adrenal insufficiency (three), coagulopathy secondary to increased circulating levels of glycosaminoglycans (11), and one case of a reversible acute demyelinating polyneuropathy resembling the Guillain-Barrè syndrome. We conclude that suramin is an active agent in the treatment of metastatic cancer, and further work is necessary to define its scope.