gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A proposal for securing a large-scale highinteraction honeypot (2014)

This paper presents the design of a secured high-interaction honeypot. The challenge is to have a honey-pot that welcomes attackers, allows userland malicious activities but prevents from system corruption. The hon-eypot must be scalable to authorize a large amount of malicious activities and to analyze those activities effi-ciently. The hardening of the honeypot is proposed for two kinds of host. The first class prevents system corrup-tion and has never to be reinstalled. The second class as-sumes system corruptions but easy reinstallation is avail-able. A first cluster enables to deploy a wide range of honeypots and security sensors. A second cluster pro-vides an efficient auditing facility. The solution is totally based on open source software and has been validated during one year. A statistical analysis shows the effi-ciency of the different sensors. Origin and destination of attacks are given. Moreover, the complementarities of the sensors are discussed. Ongoing works focus on recognition of complex malicious activities using a cor-relation grid.
DAPI Staining of DNA:  Effect of Change in Charge, Flexibility, and Contour Length on Orientational Dynamics and Mobility of the DNA during Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (1996)

Microscopy studies of the DNA electrophoresis process demands fluorescent staining of DNA, and it is important to reveal how the staining affects the electrophoretic behavior. In this work the influence of the dye DAPI on the behavior of DNA in agarose gel has been studied by mobility and orientational measurements. From the measurements and comparisons with theories, it is estimated that DAPI, at the binding ratio 0.2 dye molecule per DNA base, decreases the electrokinetic charge and persistence length of DNA by 13% and at least 40%, respectively, and increaes the contour length by 20%. These changes affect strongly both mobility and orientational dynamics of the DNA, but the mode of motion is not affected for neither short nor long DNA (2−164 kpb). For long DNA that reptates with oscillations between stretched and coiled states, the steady-state mobility in 1% agarose is reduced by 30% at all studied fields (5−25 V/cm). In these fields the characteristic times in the buildup of the steady state orientation as well as the reorientation time and the period time in the oscillatory motion are increased by 60%. For both DAPI−DNA and uncomplexed DNA the field-free relaxation of the major part of the orientation is dominated by two fast processes with time constants that are similar for the two molecules but with a ratio between the amplitudes that is different. Analysis of this difference indicates that the lower mobility of the DAPI−DNA complex is due mainly to the strong reduction in the persistence length caused by the dye. However, the difference in the orientational dynamics during migration and in field-free relaxation disappears if comparison is made, not at the same field strength, but at field strengths where the two molecules show the same mobility.
Characterization of the Ziegler‐Natta olefin polymerization system: surface science studies on model catalysts (2001)

Abstract Modern surface science techniques have been applied to the heterogeneous Ziegler‐Natta catalysis system, polymerizing α‐olefins to produce polyolefins, and revealed the correlation between the catalyst surface structure and polymer properties. Two types of thin films—TiCl x /MgCl 2 and TiCl y /Au—were fabricated on an inert gold substrate, using chemical vapor deposition methods, to mimic the high‐yield catalysts of MgCl 2 ‐supported TiCl 4 and TiCl 3 ‐based catalysts, respectively. Once activated with triethylaluminum (AlEt 3 ) vapor, both catalysts were active for polymerization of ethylene and propylene in the absence of excess AlEt 3 . The model catalyst films were as active as the high‐surface‐area industrial catalysts. Both catalysts were terminated with chlorine at the surface but had different surface structures. The TiCl x /MgCl 2 film had a distribution of two structures: the dominant sites had the (001) basal plane of these halide crystallites and the minority sites had a non‐basal plane structure. The surface of the TiCl y /Au film assumed only the non‐basal plane structure. These structural differences resulted in different tacticity of the polypropylene produced with these catalysts. The TiCl x /MgCl 2 catalyst produced both atactic and isotactic polypropylene, whereas the TiCl y catalyst without the MgCl 2 support produced exclusively isotactic polypropylene. The titanium oxidation states did not appear to be an important factor in determining the tacticity of the polypropylene. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular Weight of αs3- and αs4-Caseins by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (1976)

Molecular weights of both bovine as 3and as4-casein were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Analysis by least squares of natural logarithm of molecular weight versus distance of migration gave a molecular weight of 27,800 + 900 daltons for each protein. The value agrees closely with the molecular weight (26,000 daltons) for bovine as3-casein reported by Richardson and Creamer and is less than 31,800 daltons for reduced ass-casein reported by Toma and Nakai.
Intestinal Epithelial Cells Control Dendritic Cell Function (2004)

Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise a family of cells specializing in antigen capture and presentation to T cells. We have recently shown that DC play an active role in bacterial uptake across mucosal surfaces. Indeed, DC are able to open tight junctions and to sample antigens directly across epithelia, both in vitro and in vivo. Because DC express tight junction proteins, the integrity of the epithelial barrier is preserved. In this study we have analyzed the possible involvement of epithelial cells in controlling DC function. We developed an in vitro model in our laboratory consisting of a three-player system of dendritic cells, epithelial cell monolayers, and bacteria. The crosstalk between epithelial cells and dendritic cells was analyzed, and epithelial cells were tested for their capacity to release cytokines and chemokines that induce the migration and activation of DC. We show that the capacity of epithelial cells to produce cytokines and activate DC is dependent on the invasiveness of the bacteria tested. In particular, invasive bacteria stimulate epithelial cells to release proinflammatory cytokines and to induce the maturation state of DC. By contrast, noninvasive bacteria are unable to stimulate epithelial cells, but can activate DC directly when DC translocate to the apical side. In conclusion, epithelial cells are not simply a barrier to bacteria entering via the oral route, but actively influence the activating properties of bystander DC.
A New Surgical Approach to Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Nissen Fundoplication with Highly Selective Vagotomy (2007)

Purpose: A standard Nissen fundoplication does not address gastric acid secretion; hence an accompanying highly selective vagotomy (HSV), which will reduce gastric acid secretion by 60%, could help sustain long-term symptom response. To assess this we measured the rate of proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) use postoperatively in a cohort of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who underwent Nissen fundoplication with HSV in comparison to a group who did not undergo HSV during the procedure. Methods: 14 patients (8 females) underwent a Nissen fundoplication with HSV, and 19 without HSV for refractory GERD symptoms, particularly nocturnal regurgitation. PPI use pre-operatively and during the postoperative follow up was recorded. Esophageal manometry, esophageal pH monitoring, and gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) were performed preoperatively Results: Mean age of patients in both the groups was similar at 47 years. The mean lower esophageal sphincter pressure was 8 mmHg (95% CI: 6–10 mmHg) in the HSV and was not significantly different (P-0.44) than the non-HSV group (Mean 10 mmHg; 95% CI: 9–11 mmHg). The mean% of retained food after 4 hours on GES was also similar (P-0.44) in both groups- 8% (95% CI: 2–14%) in the HSV group and 12% (95% CI: 5–19) in the non-HSV group. All patients in both groups were on a PPI (Usually double dose therapy) prior to the surgery. Median duration of follow up was 63 months (Range: 6–88 months). 1/14 (7%) patients in the HSV group and 9/19 (47%) in the non-HSV group either remained on a PPI post-operatively or were re-started, generally within the first 6 months after surgery. The odds ratio of being on a PPI in the HSV group after surgery as opposed to the non-HSV group was 0.08 (95% CI- 0.009–0.8). None of the patients in the HSV group had symptoms suggestive of gastroparesis postoperatively Conclusion: 1) Adding a HSV to the standard Nissen fundoplication procedure significantly reduced the use of PPI's during long term post-operative follow up and was not associated with any adverse events. 2) This new surgical approach for refractory GERD warrants further objective studies to confirm these important observations.
Temporal pooling of video quality estimates using perceptual motion models (2010)

Emerging multimedia applications have increased the need for video quality measurement. Motion is critical to this task, but is complicated owing to a variety of object movements and movement of the camera. Here, we categorize the various motion situations and deploy appropriate perceptual models to each category. We use these models to create a new approach to objective video quality assessment. Performance evaluation on the Laboratory for Image and Video Engineering (LIVE) Video Quality Database shows competitive performance compared to the leading contemporary VQA algorithms.
A Chemotherapy-Free Induction Followed by Allogeneic HSCT for Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Ph+ ALL) (2017)

Introduction: Recent studies demonstrate that nearly all patients will gain hematologic complete remission (CR) with an induction regimen of dasatinib and corticosteroids alone; however patients who are fit for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) are often treated with additional chemotherapy prior to HSCT. Whether chemotherapy prior to HSCT provides benefit is unknown. In this retrospective study, the outcomes of adult patients treated with the regimen of dasatinib and steroids alone prior to HSCT are assessed for relapse prior to HSCT, rate of successful progression to HSCT, event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS). Rates of pre- and post- transplant minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity were recorded as well. Methods: A retrospective review of all adult patients with Ph+ ALL treated at our institution since 2012 was performed. Hematologic CR was defined as <5% blasts present in the marrow after induction and MRD was defined as <.01 copies BCR-ABL via PCR. Relapse was defined as recurrence of >5% of marrow or by extramedullary disease. EFS was measured from the time of HSCT until relapse or death. OS was defined as the probability of survival irrespective of disease state at any point from HSCT. EFS and OS were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 18 patients treated with dasatinib and steroids as initial therapy for their Ph+ ALL were identified of which 6 were not felt to be candidates for allogeneic hsct and were excluded. The median age of the transplant eligible patients was 44 yrs (23-63 yrs) and 3 of 12 did receive a single cycle of chemotherapy prior to being diagnosed with Ph+ disease; with Ph+ diagnosis, they received dasatinib/steroids only. All patients attained CR but 4 of 12 patients had a hematologic relapse prior to HSCT; all harbored a T315I mutation. All 4 were successfully salvaged with ponatinib + chemotherapy (n = 2) or chemotherapy alone (n = 2). All patients successfully underwent allogeneic HSCT, with donor source including matched sibling (n = 5), MUD (n = 5) or cord blood (n = 2). Two patients underwent RIC and the remainder myeloablative conditioning. At the time of transplant, 7 patients were MRD negative, and 5 were MRD positive (.03-1.0 copies). There have been 3 deaths, two secondary to TRM and one relapse. With a median follow up of 20 months, the EFS was 66.6% and the OS was 83.3%. Conclusion: While numbers are small, these data demonstrate that a dasatinib/corticosteroid regimen alone is satisfactory to allow patients to proceed to allogeneic HSCT. Given all relapses were due to a T315I mutation, upfront evaluation for this mutation and usage of ponatinib as initial TKI may avoid the problem of relapse. Current median follow up is short at 20 months; if these current outcomes are sustained, dasatinib/corticosteroids may be considered as an induction strategy to avoid toxicity in adults with Ph+ ALL scheduled to undergo allogeneic HSCT.
HfO2-based memristors for neuromorphic applications (2016)

In recent years, biologically inspired systems, which emulate the nervous system of living beings, are becoming more and more requested due to their ability to solve ill-posed problems such as pattern recognition or interaction with the external environment. By virtue of their nanoscaled size and their tunable conductance, memristors are key elements to emulate high-density networks of biological synapses that regulate the communication efficacy among neurons and implement learning capability. We propose a TiN/ HfO2/Ti/TiN memristor as artificial synapse for neuromorphic architectures. The device can gradually change its conductance upon application of proper electrical stimuli. More specifically, it features gradual potentiation and depression when stimulated by trains of identical potentiating or depressing spikes, which are easy to be implemented on-chip. Moreover, we demonstrate that the memristor conductance can be regulated according to the delay time between two spikes incoming to the device terminals. This regulation of memristor conductance implements the typical biological learning process named Spike-Time-Dependent-Plasticity (STDP). Finally, collected STDP data were used to simulate a simple fully connected Spiking Neural Network (SNN) for pattern recognition.
Cefotaxime: microbiology, pharmacology, and clinical use. (1983)

The microbiological activity, pharmacology, and clinical efficacy of the third-generation cephalosporin cefotaxime are reviewed. Cefotaxime has greater activity than other available first- and second-generation cephalosporins against Enterobacteriaceae. It is more active than older cephalosporins against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp., but most strains are still considered resistant. Cefotaxime is also active against some gram-negative bacilli that are resistant to aminoglycosides, including amikacin. Cefotaxime has activity comparable with other cephalosporins against gram-positive cocci, except staphylococci and enterococci, which are resistant. Cefotaxime in combination with penicillins or aminoglycosides may be synergistic against selected gram-negative bacilli. Cefotaxime is metabolized in vivo to the desacetyl derivative, which is also microbiologically active. Cefotaxime appears to penetrate most body tissues and fluids, including cerebrospinal fluid. Clinical use of cefotaxime has resulted in response rates between 70 and 95% in most infections. The ultimate role of cefotaxime and other third-generation cephalosporins is not established since controlled clinical comparisons with standard antimicrobial regimens are lacking. Possibilities include the empiric and specific therapy of serious gram-negative bacillary infection probably in combination with a penicillin or an aminoglycoside. Cefotaxime appears to be potentially useful in the management of gram-negative bacillary meningitis.
The use of fine‐needle aspiration cytology in the molecular characterization of neuroblastoma in children (1999)

BACKGROUND The utility of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) material in the molecular characterization of a group of neuroblastic tumors (NT) in children is presented. METHODS A recent study showed a high accuracy rate for FNA cytology (FNAC) in combination with immunostaining as a diagnostic method in 26 children with NT. In the current study FNA smears from 18 children were analyzed, either at the time of diagnosis or retrospectively, on available stored smears for cellular DNA content (DNA ploidy) by means of image cytometry (ICM) and 1p deletion and N-myc amplification by interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULTS A total 62 analyses (DNA ploidy, 20 analyses; chromosome 1 or 2 number, 11 analyses; 1p deletion, 16 analyses; and N-myc, 15 analyses) resulted in clear information in 60 cases, whereas 2 tests for N-myc amplification failed. The results were compared with each other and with cytometric DNA analyses on tumor touch imprints (n = 12) and N-myc analyses on material from surgical specimens (Southern blot analysis, n = 12). The results were concordant in all but seven analyses (all with clear informative results) in six children. These discrepancies may be explained as an effect of either chemotherapy or tumor heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS FNA is a fast and noninvasive diagnostic technique that yields sufficient material for the molecular characterization of neuroblastic tumors by means of FISH and ICM. Such analyses are of prognostic significance because they predict tumor behavior and response to therapy according to International Neuroblastoma Staging System/International Neuroblastoma Risk Groups criteria. In the majority of cases it also is possible to obtain material for storage and future investigations. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 1999;87:60–8. © 1999 American Cancer Society.
The Isolation of Pleiotropic Mutants of Pseudomonas aminovorans Deficient in the Ability to Grow on Methylamine and an Examination of their Enzymic Constitution (1979)

Summary: Mutants deficient in several enzymes of methylamine oxidation and assimilation have been obtained by treating Pseudomonas aminovorans with ultraviolet light. One of these mutants was studied in detail and was shown to lack the enzymes of trimethylamine and dimethylamine oxidation. In addition, activities of the following enzymes, all postulated as being involved in C1 metabolism, were lost: hydroxypyruvate reductase, serine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, isocitrate lyase, phosphoeno/pyruvate carboxylase, N-methylglutamate dehydrogenase, γ-glutamylmethylamide synthetase, formate dehydrogenase and dye-linked formaldehyde dehydrogenase. In contrast, three enzymes - NAD+,glutathione-linked formaldehyde dehydrogenase, N-methylalanine dehydrogenase and N-methylglutamate synthase - were retained. This phenotype suggests either a lesion in a regulatory gene, a deletion in an early structural gene of an operon or the loss of a plasmid. Results obtained indicated that P. aminovorans possesses an isocitrate lyase-serine pathway.
ChemInform Abstract: Supercritical Fluids as Reaction Media for Molecular Catalysis (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Boundary element method taking into account external power source (1988)

A formulation for solving two-dimensional magnetic field problems making use of boundary integral equations to extend the application of T. Nakata and N. Takashi's (1982) finite-element method including the external power source has been developed. The development of the method of analysis has made it easy to calculate practical magnetic field problems using the boundary-element method. The same procedure of the boundary-element formulation may be applied to three-dimensional magnetic field problems by using this two-dimensional boundary-element method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Characterization of a Thiosulfate Functionalized Polymer: A Water Soluble Photosensitive Zwitterion (1989)

The characterization of a water-soluble zwitterionic polymer derived from aminoethane thiosulfuric acid (AETSA) and a diglicydyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) has been accomplished. The polymer has been shown to form an associative network in water at high concentrations. The gel network disassociates at higher temperatures or under a shearing stress. Upon heat treatment above 165 °C, the polymer sustains a measurable weight loss and is crosslinked to form a water-insoluble film presumably with disulfide formation. Photolysis of coalesced films, either direct or sensitized, results in sulfur-sulfur bond cleavage with subsequent disulfide formation and loss of water sensitivity. Initial imaging studies demonstrate the potential of the thiosulfate functionalized polymer as a photoresist.
Automated determination of the left ventricular long axis in cardiac positron tomography (1996)

Interpretation of emission tomographic images of the heart is typically performed using short-axis sections which are oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the left ventricle. A completely automated method is presented to find the orientation and length of the long axis in positron emission tomographic studies of the heart. The correlation coefficient is maximized between the measured transaxial images and an ellipsoid model of the left ventricular myocardium. The major axis of this fitted ellipsoid corresponds to the long axis of the left ventricle. The orientation and position of the long axis (with respect to the measured transaxial images) define two rotation angles and a 3D coordinate origin which are used to re-orient the transaxial images into a series of standard short-axis sections. The accuracy and precision of this technique are validated on phantom data as well as on patients with documented myocardial infarction. The transaxial and vertical long-axis rotation angles are determined with standard deviations of 3.3 degrees and 1.5 degrees, respectively. The 3D coordinate origin (centre) of the ellipsoid is accurate to within 1.5 mm on average. The estimated length of the left ventricle is accurate to within 3 mm. All parameters are insensitive to statistical noise found in typical 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) patient studies. The technique produces accurate estimates even in the presence of moderate uptake defects in the lateral wall and septum. Apical defects in the uptake of FDG do not increase the variance of the length estimate. These results demonstrate that an ellipsoid model can be fitted accurately to the myocardium of the left ventricle. Standard short-axis sections are produced with no inter-operator or intra-operator variability because the technique is fully automatic.
Acute stroke: usefulness of early CT findings before thrombolytic therapy. (1997)

The response to rt-PA in patients with ischemic stroke can be predicted on the basis of initial CT findings of the extent of parenchymal hypoattenuation in the territory of the middle cerebral artery.
VIBRATIONAL SPECTRA AND STRUCTURE OF PERFLUOROVINYL-DIFLUOROBORANE AND PERFLUOROVINYLDICHLOROBORANE (1977)

Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, Furman University