gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
PpSP32, Phlebotomus papatasi immunodominant salivary protein, exerts immunomodulatory effects on human monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes (2022)

Abstract Background: The saliva of sand flies, vectors of Leishmania parasites,contains several components that exert pharmacological activities facilitating the acquisition of blood by the insect and contribute to the establishment of the infection.Previously, we demonstrated that PpSP32 is the immunodominant salivary antigen in humans exposed to Phlebotomus papatasi bites and validated its usefulness as a predictive biomarker of the disease.PpSP32, whose functions are little known to date, is an intriguing protein due to its involvement in the etiopathogenesis of pemphigus, an auto-immune disease. Herein, we aimed to better decipher its role through the screening of several immunomodulatory activities either on lymphocytes or on monocytes/macrophages. Methods: Peripheral mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers were stimulated with anti-CD3 / anti-CD28 antibodies, phytohemagglutinin, phorbol 12-myristate13-acetate / Ionomycin or lipopolysaccharide in the presence of increasing doses of PpSP32. Cell proliferation was measured after the addition of tritiated thymidine. Monocyte activation was tested by analyzing the expression of CD86 and HLA-DR molecules by flow cytometry. Cytokine production was analyzed in culture supernatants by ELISA. THP-1 derived macrophages were stimulated with LPS in the presence of increasing doses of PpSP32 and cytokine production was analyzed in culture supernatants by ELISA and multiplex technique. The effect of PpSP32 onNF-kB signaling was tested by Western blot. The anti-inflammatory activity of PpSP32 was assessed in vivo in an experimental inflammatory model, the carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Results: Our data showed that PpSP32 down-modulated the expression of activation markers in LPS-stimulated monocytes and THP1-derived macrophages. This protein negatively modulated the secretion of Th1 and Th2 cytokines by human lymphocytes as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines by monocytes, and THP1-derived macrophages. PpSP32 treatment led to a dose-dependent reduction of theIκB phosphorylation. When PpSP32 was injected into the paw of carrageenan-injected rats, edema was significantly reduced. Conclusions: Our data indicatesthat PpSP32 induces a potent immunomodulatory effect on monocytes and THP-1 derived macrophages. This inhibition could be mediated, among others, by the modulation of the NF-kB signaling pathway. The anti-inflammatory activity of PpSP32 was confirmed in vivo in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats.
Transvascular and Interstitial Migration of Neutrophils in Rat Mesentery (1996)

ABSTRACT Objective : The consequential implications of the leukocyte‐endothelial cell adhesion reaction, as well as the subsequent migratory activity of the leukocytes within the interstitium proper, are currently known only in general phenomenological terms. Our objective was to carry out a detailed quantitative analysis of transendothelial and interstitial migration. Method : We incorporated several new features, such as the video recording of time‐lapse photography in conjunction with the time history of individual leukocytes under the influence of representative stimulators and inhibitors. The mesentery was suffused with the chemical activator N‐formyl‐met‐leu‐phe (fMLP, 5 ± 10 −8 M) and histamine (10 −6 M) for periods up to 3 h. This leads to an attachment of neutrophils preferentially to the walls of small postcapillary venules followed by migration into the adjacent interstitium. Results : The time interval between the initial neutrophil adhesion to the luminal side of the venules and their first appearance on the abluminal side of the venule wall was about 25 min. The time interval for the actual physical migration across the endothelium was only about 1‐2 min. There was an initial increase in the number of neutrophils migrating across the wall per unit time after the application of fMLP. However, this effect then gradually decreased over the course of 1 h. In the extravascular tissue, the neutrophils appeared to migrate along random pathways with an average trajectory away from the venular wall. When histamine (1 μM) was applied topically in conjunction with fMLP, the overall migratory flux across the venular wall increased, although the cells migrated comparatively short distances into the interstitium. After pretreatment with phalloidin (25 μg/kg), an actin cross‐linking agent, neutrophil adhesion and migration in response to fMLP stimulation was reduced. The mast cell stimulator 48/80 (25 mg/ml) resulted in rapid degranulation, which was accompanied by an insignificant increase in neutrophil diapedesis. After fMLP stimulation there was reduced neutrophil emigration in the presence of mast cell inhibitors, such as lodoxamide (1 μg/kg) and ketotifin (1 μg/kg). Conclusions : Our results demonstrate that both the endothelial cells and interstitial mast cells are involved in the rate of transvascular migration of leukocytes across postcapillary venules and into the interstitium.
Formation of GaN Self-Organized Nanotips by Reactive Ion Etching (2001)

We describe a new method of forming self-organized GaN nanotips by reactive ion etching using chlorine plasma and its mechanism. Nanotips with a density of approximately 8×10 9 cm -2 have been formed after etching. The nanotips have diameters between 10 and 30 nm, a length of about 0.7 µm and a high aspect ratio. It is revealed that nanotip formation is attributed to a nanometer-scale mask with a high etch selectivity to GaN. The structure simulated using our formation mechanism is almost similar to the experimental nanotip structure. These results prove the validity of the formation mechanism by nanomasking effect of ionized SiO 2 sputtered by Cl + ions.
THYROID TO SALIVARY RATIOS DETERMINED BY TECHNETIUM‐99<sup>M</sup>PERTECHNETATE IMAGING IN THIRTY‐TWO EUTHYROID CATS (2005)

Thyroid to salivary (TS) ratio is the most commonly used scintigraphic parameter for differentiating euthyroid and hyperthyroid cats. Studies to determine the normal TS ratio have been performed in small cat populations. In this study, the TS ratio was determined in 32 cats between 8 and 13 years of age. The study population was documented to be euthyroid based on normal initial and 6-week follow-up serum thyroid concentrations and normal T3 suppression tests. All images were obtained with a low-energy all-purpose collimator between 20 and 40 min after the injection of approximately 111 MBq (3.0 mCi) pertechnetate. Manual regions of interest (ROI) were made of the thyroid and salivary glands of the ventral image A 95% prediction interval based on the natural log of the TS ratio was computed to provide a normal range of 0.48-1.66. This range is similar to previous studies, but suggests a slightly higher upper limit than previously reported.
Langmuir Probe Studies of Magnetic Confinement in an Ion Thruster Discharge Plasma (2009)

Magnetic confinement studies on a 30-cm-diameter ion thruster were performed to determine the dependence of plasma confinement and uniformity on the ring-cusp magnetic field. Four primary cases were investigated to determine the effects of an additional magnetic cusp, increasing the strength of the highest value closed magnetic contour line, and varying the magnetic field free volume. A laboratory model NASA Solar Electric Propulsion Technology Application Readiness engine was modified to investigate three- and four-ring-cusp geometries. Electrical parameters and langmuir probe sweeps in the discharge chamber were used to measure the performance of each configuration. Increasing the strength of the closed magnetic contour line reduces ion loss to the anode, resulting in a reduction in discharge power for a given beam current. Similarly, increasing the magnetic field free volume in the near-grid region improves plasma uniformity, removing the on-axis current density peak responsible for accelerator grid erosion. The enhanced magnetic circuit geometries investigated resulted in a 20% reduction in discharge loss and discharge current at the TH15 (2.3 kW) throttle point, with similar gains over the full throttle range. The reduction in discharge power and peak current density can significantly increase the total throughout per engine by limiting wear mechanisms that limit thruster life.
[Anxiety, life style and obstetric history of women working in a high-fashion clothing industry]. (2001)

Women with a mean age of 38 years (range 20-62) were employed in an industry producing clothes of high fashion. A part of them (n = 210) performed their activities with hands and others (n = 90) utilising machines with more repetitive procedures. All the recruited women answered to a questionnaire including the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) test, working activities, lifestyle and obstetric history. There was no relation between obstetric history and working activities. The group of women with age ranging from 35 to 42 years showed the score of the STAI higher than that of the younger women and slightly lower than that of the subjects with older age. This may depend on the "healthy worker effect" in the old subjects able to continue their job. The scores of the STAI were also slightly influenced by the repetitive tasks utilising machines. On the whole, the working activity of women had beneficial effect on their role inside the family and in the social life.
Rapid and specific detection of Helicobacter pylori macrolide resistance in gastric tissue by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (2000)

Whole cell hybridisation of rRNA holds great promise for cultivation independent, reliable, and rapid (three hours) genotypic determination of clarithromycin resistance in H pylori. Compared with PCR techniques it is independent of nucleic acid preparations, not prone to inhibition, and allows semiquantitative visualisation of the bacteria within intact tissue samples.
Pyrolysis of aminonitriles, cyanohydrazones, and cyanoacetamides. Part II. Elimination reactions of arylacetylhydrazone, arylcyanoacetylhydrazone, and substituted cyanoacetamides (1996)

Rates of pyrolytic reactions of arylacetylhydrazone and arylcyanoacetylhydrazone (1–4) of the general formula GCH2CONHNCHAr (G = H,CN) have been measured. The increase in the acidity of the hydrogen atom involved in the six-centered elimination process suggested for these reactions causes a significant increase in rates and thus appears to be the limiting factor in these pyrolytic reactions. The implication of this conclusion for the pyrolytic reactions of substituted cyanoacetamides (5–8), NCCH2CONHAr are considered. The mechanism of pyrolytic reactions of compounds (5–8) appears to proceed through a 4-membered cyclic transition state. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Interaction of disulfiram with benzodiazepines (1978)

The disposition of chlordiazepoxide (50 mg, intravenously), diazepam (0.143 mg/kg, orally), and oxazepam (0.429 mg/kg, orally) were studied in normal and alcoholic men before and after chronic disulfiram administration. Decreases in the plasma clearance of chlordiazepoxide (54%, p < 0.05), diazepam (41%, p < 0.05), and their active N‐desmethyl metabolites were observed. Oxazepam has no important active metabolites and its net disposition is minimally altered by disulfiram. Oxazepam disposition is unaffected by age and liver disease. These considerations together with that of the short half‐life of oxazepam (median, 6.1 hr) suggest that oxazepam may be the drug of choice if benzodiazepine therapy is used for patients taking disulfiram.
Lysosomale proteinabbauende Enzyme in der regenerierenden Rattenleber und deren Beeinflussung durch D-Galaktosamin (1971)

Article Lysosomale proteinabbauende Enzyme in der regenerierenden Rattenleber und deren Beeinflussung durch D-Galaktosamin was published on January 1, 1971 in the journal Biological Chemistry (volume 352, issue 2).
Crystal structure and physical properties of new boride Ca<sub>1+ϵ</sub>Co<sub>4</sub>B<sub>4</sub> (2009)

We report the crystal structures and physical properties of a novel boride Ca1+Co4B4. This is a Gd1+Fe4B4-type compound, composed of tetrahedral chains of CoB and infinite atomic chains of Ca, with independent translation periods cCa and cCo. This is the first boride of this structural type that has a divalent metal at the rare earth site. The very low electrical resistivity showing linear decrease with decreasing temperature indicated a highly metallic nature of Ca1+Co4B4. The very small magnetization suggested that Ca1+Co4B4 is paramagnetic. First-principles calculations supported this paramagnetism, and revealed the nature of chemical bonding and electric conduction in this compound.
Silver as acrolein hydrogenation catalyst: intricate effects of catalyst nature and reactant partial pressures (2007)

The hydrogenation of acrolein over pure and supported silver has been investigated with a focus on the influence of catalyst structure and reaction pressure (mbar to 20 bar range) on activity and selectivity. An onset of formation of allyl alcohol beyond 100 mbar reaction pressure (at 250 degrees C) is ascribed to a change in adsorption geometry upon increasing coverage. Smaller silver particles (in the nanometer range), the proximity of a reducible oxide component as well as high pressure lead to enhanced allyl alcohol formation; the selectivity to the other main product propionaldehyde is reduced. The silver dispersion changed depending on the reaction pressure. Moreover, the presence of oxygen, most likely as subsurface oxygen, and the presence of defects are of paramount importance for the catalytic behaviour. The considerable changes of the silver catalysts under reaction conditions and the pressure dependence call for in situ measurements to establish true structure-activity/selectivity relationships for this system.
An Alleged Free Radical Reaction in Which Benzene Undergoes Attack More Readily Than Nitrobenzene (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn Alleged Free Radical Reaction in Which Benzene Undergoes Attack More Readily Than NitrobenzeneRobert A. Benkeser, Rex B. Gosnell, and William SchroederCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 9, 2339–2340Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01566a088https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01566a088research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views85Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Moment-Type Electromagnetic Actuator and Its Application to Plate Deflection Control. (1994)

This paper presents an electromagnetic actuator consisting of rectangular permanent magnetic chips and a cylindrical coil, which is applicable to bending moment control of plates. The analytical expression for obtaining the control force against the control current is obtained based on the electromagnetic theory. A control method is presented for producing the required deflection of the plate by means of the bending-type electromagnetic actuator. Numerical calculations are carried out for some typical problems which will be of practical importance. It is clarified that the actuator and the method of control presented are valid for controlling plate shapes.
Enantiomeric Analysis of Pharmaceutical Compounds by Ion/Molecule Reactions (2001)

Protonated complexes involving cyclodextrin hosts and guest compounds that are pharmacologically important are produced in the gas phase and reacted with a gaseous amine. The guest is exchanged to produce a new protonated complex with the amine. The reaction is enantioselective and is used to develop a method for determining enantiomeric excess using only mass spectrometry. The pharmaceutical compounds include DOPA, amphetamine, ephedrine, and penicillamine. The presence of more than one reacting species is observed with DOPA and penicillamine. Molecular dynamics calculations are used to understand the nature of the interactions and the possible source of the variations in the reactivities.
Panel Session II Testing Embedded Memories in the Nano-Era: Will the Existing Approaches Survive? (2009)

With the technology scaling and increase in integration density, severe static (e.g., random dopant, sub- wavelength lithography, etc) and dynamic (e.g., voltage, temperature, etc) variations will rise. It is widely recognized that variability in device characteristics and its impact on the overall reliability of the system represent major challenges to scaling and integration for present and future nanotechnology generations. Moreover, the failure mechanism in the nano-era will be more dominated by transient faults (e.g., external perturbations, radiation, power fluctuations) and intermittent faults (e.g., timing faults, degradation of the component parameters) rather than permanent faults. This shift in failure mechanisms will impact the reliability in a sever way. It is becoming very hard to guarantee the reliability with today's extensive, hence costly, traditional approaches (e.g., testing at extreme stresses, Burn-in, etc). Moreover, such approaches may reduce the lifetime of devices fabricated using nano technology nodes. As new failure mechanisms emerge, the existing test approaches may need to be changed and/or adapted to guarantee the outgoing product quality. The question is now how to deal with this shift in failure mechanisms in order to keep an acceptable product quality for embedded memories. Can the existing test approaches do the job? Do we need to rely more on stresses rather than the algorithms themselves? However, too much stress/ Burn-in may degrade the lifetime of the chip. Do we need to move more towards DFT rather than functional testing? Is programmable DFT the ideal solution? Can on-the-fly detect/repair and reconfigure be the answer? Or do we need completely new approaches?
Construction, aminoacylation and 80 S ribosomal complex formation with a yeast initiator tRNA having an arginine CCU anticodon (1986)

The digestion of yeast initiator methionine tRNA with mung bean nuclease and U 2 ribonuclease yielded 5'‐ and 3'‐fragments, respectively. These two fragments together represent the entire tRNA sequence except for A 35 , the central nucleotide of the anticodon, and the CCA terminus. Using RNA ligase, a cytosine was added and the anticodon loop having a C 35 was reformed. Subsequent treatment of this product with CCA‐transferase yielded a full‐length methionine tRNA having an arginine CCU anticodon. This recombinant tRNA Met (CCU) was charged with methionine by the yeast tRNA synthetase. Aminoacylation of the recombinant was however less extensive than in the case of native tRNA Met (CAU). After aminoacylation the recombinant tRNA formed an 80 S ribosomal complex.
FOLLOW UP STUDY OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS (1965)

1. 273 cases consisting of 97 cases of thoracoplasty, 145 cases of lung resection and 31 cases of lung resection with thoracoplasty were followed up post-operatively 1-5 years.2. Failure was 22.6% in thoracoplasty, 13.1% in lung resection (12.7% in pneumonectomy, 8.9% in lobectomy, and lobectomy with segmentectomy, and 22.2% in segmentectomy) 25.7% in concomitant thoracoplasty.3. Failure was more prominent in cases of more than 2 cavity, big size of the cavity and resistant bacilli in thoracoplasty. About same indication except bacilli sensitivity was applied to resection. particularly in lobectomy and segmentectomy. However, the cases of concomittant thoracoplasty showed almost opposite result. Preoperative irregular chemotherapy was one of prominent factors of failure in all kinds of surgery but others were insignificant except above-mentioned factors.
B-VHF - a multi-carrier based broadband VHF communications concept for air traffic management (2005)

In this paper, we introduce the B-VHF project which is funded by the European Commission and has started in January 2004. The prime goal of the B-VHF project is to verify the feasibility of broadband VHF aeronautical communications system based on multi-carrier technology and to demonstrate its benefits to the aeronautical community. The project deals with the investigation, design, and evaluation of a broadband overlay communications system for air traffic control (ATC) and air traffic management (ATM) communications in the VHF band. This overlay concept facilitates in-band transition from the current to a future ATC communications system and, thus, allows future ATC communications to remain in the advantageous and protected VHF band. The focus in this paper is on the technical approach for realizing the overlay concept and on the system architecture concept behind B-VHF. The proposed transmission system, which permits the parallel operation with the current DSB-AM system, utilizes multicarrier technologies which are based on orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)
Applications of Exoelectron Emission to Nondestructive Evaluation of Alloying, Crack Growth, Fatigue, Annealing, and Grinding Processes (1972)

It has been demonstrated that exoelectron emission phenomena can be used to observe and measure alloying, crack growth, fatigue, annealing, and grinding processes. For observation of alloying, crack growth, annealing, and grinding a fixed plate or wire collector biased at +90 V is used to collect the electrons. The current is measured by a picoammeter and recorded directly via a strip chart recorder. To find the fatigued area in a specimen a heat source is scanned along the coupon and the exoelectron emission is picked up by a moving collector wire connected to a picoammeter. These experiments are usually done in ambient air without any special control of temperature and humidity. The initiation of crack growth is observed as a sudden change in exoelectron emission level. In a fatigued but uncracked specimen a significant increase in exoelectron emission is observed when the heat source and collector move over the area where the fatigue damage is most intense. Most of the data to date has been obtained with aluminum but we feel that this technique can be extended to other aircraft structural materials.
Interleukin-29 Suppresses Hepatitis A and C Viral Internal Ribosomal Entry Site-Mediated Translation (2012)

Our aim was to investigate the effects of interferons (IFNs)-λ (interleukin-29 [IL-29], IL-28A, and IL-28B) on hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-mediated translation. The effects of these IFNs on HCV/HAV translation from HAV/HCV IRES were investigated using bicistronic reporter constructs. We transfected HCV/HAV IRES constructs into these IFN-expressing cell lines. IL-29 showed stronger inhibition of their IRES-mediated translation. Combining IL-29 with IFN-α or amantadine resulted in stronger inhibition of HAV IRES activity. Our findings demonstrated a novel antiviral effect of IFNs-λ against HAV and HCV through the suppression of IRES-mediated translation.