gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A First Study of Langmuir−Blodgett Films of 1-[<i>N</i>-(<i>n</i>-Hexadecyl)-4-pyridinio]-2-[5-(dicyano- methanidyl)thien-2-yl]ethene (1997)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTA First Study of Langmuir−Blodgett Films of 1-[N-(n-Hexadecyl)-4-pyridinio]-2-[5-(dicyano- methanidyl)thien-2-yl]etheneRiccardo Ricceri, Alessandro Abbotto, Antonio Facchetti, Giorgio A. Pagani, and Gabriella GabrielliView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via G. Capponi, 9, I-50121 Firenze, Italy, and Department of Organic and Industrial Chemistry, University of Milan, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy Cite this: Langmuir 1997, 13, 15, 4182–4184Publication Date (Web):July 23, 1997Publication History Published online23 July 1997Published inissue 1 July 1997https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la970134zhttps://doi.org/10.1021/la970134zbrief-reportACS PublicationsCopyright © 1997 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Absorption,Compression,Dyes and pigments,Monolayers,Thin films Get e-Alerts
An immunomagnetic separation polymerase chain reaction assay for rapid and ultra-sensitive detection of Cryptosporidium parvum in drinking water (1999)

A sensitive and rapid method was developed to detect Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in drinking water. This molecular assay combined immunomagnetic separation with polymerase chain reaction amplification to detect very low levels of C. parvum oocysts. Magnetic beads coated with anti-cryptosporidium were used to capture oocysts directly from drinking water membrane filter concentrates, at the same time removing polymerase chain reaction inhibitory substances. The DNA was then extracted by the freeze-boil Chelex-100 treatment, followed by polymerase chain reaction. The immunomagnetic separation-polymerase chain reaction product was identified by non-radioactive hybridization using an internal oligonucleotide probe labelled with digoxigenin. This immunomagnetic separation-polymerase chain reaction assay can detect the presence of a single seeded oocyst in 5–100-l samples of drinking water, thereby assuring the absence of C. parvum contamination in the sample under analysis.
Forward characteristics of heterojunctions (1965)

An empirical equation is put forward which describes the temperature-dependent behaviour of the forward characteristics of heterojunctions. No satisfactory theoretical derivation of this equation is yet available.
A Symbiotic Approach to the Human-Technology Relationship: Usability Engineering Prospects (2009)

This article presents the notion of symbiosis and how it changes the principles of conception and evaluation to insure the acceptance of technology. It is important to understand these new symbiotic technologies, in particular how they introduce new types of interaction and suggest new principles for human-computer interaction ergonomy. We first present a review of the literature and the main concepts that have been developed to gain a better understanding of acceptance, such as the TAM model (usability and usefulness), user satisfaction, and expectation and disconfirmation of expectations. The notion of symbiotic technology is then presented in relation to the critical capacity of the system to really complement and augment human information processing. Examples of symbiotic technologies are given, together with the principles which underlie their success and make up the ergonomic guidelines for symbiotic computer systems. New ergonomic criteria are proposed to ensure efficient symbiotic computer interactions?: amplification of intelligence, augmentation of perception, multiplier operative efficiency, adaptation of knowledge in context, balancing emotional, resilience in the management of errors, reduction of the distracters, and continuity of information flow. Their consequences are discussed from an ergonomical point of view.
A hybrid VIGBT-LDMOS transistor (1988)

A hybrid VIGBT-LDMOS transistor which consists of a VIGBT (vertical insulated-gate bipolar transistor) path with a lateral DMOSFET path, implemented in a 300-V, p-channel version, has been demonstrated. The device can be operated with series resistors attached to either the collector or the drain terminals. The case in which the collector resistor equals zero is called the LACOSH-VIGBT (lateral collector shorted-vertical IGBT), and the case in which the drain resistor equals zero is called LABIENFET (lateral bipolar enhanced DMOSFET). Experimental characterization of the LACOS-VIGBT showed that the onset of the minority injection is retarded from 0.6 to 1.1 V, and the forward drop varies from 1.4 to 3.6 V and from 1.1 to 3.0 V, with and without the collector short, respectively, for 1 A (14 A/cm/sup 2/) to 6 A (83 A/cm/sup 2/) of collector current. Corresponding improvements in turnoff times are 5.5-4.4 mu s vs. 9.5-7.2 mu s. The reverse conducting diode has a forward drop of 0.82-1.57 V for 1-6 A of current and a switching time over 10 mu s. In the LABIENFET mode, the forward drop at 1 A (14 A/cm/sup 2/) decreases from 15.6 to 1.4 V when the collector series resistance changes from 150 to 0 Omega , with corresponding turnoff times of 1.7-5.5 mu s. This device is attractive either as a fast switching VIGBT or as a low-voltage-drop FET, with an integral antiparallel diode.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Biomarkers in the Age of Omics: Time for a Systems Biology Approach (2011)

Limitations to biomarker discovery are not only technical or bioinformatic but conceptual as well. In our attempt to offer a solution, we are highlighting three issues that we think are limiting progress in biomarkers discovery. First, the confusion stemming from the imposition of a pathology-type immunohistochemical marker (IHCM) concept on omics data without fully understanding the characteristics and limitations of IHCMs as applied in clinical pathology. Second, the lack of serious consideration for the scope of disease heterogeneity. Third, the refusal of the biomedical community to borrow from other biological disciplines their well established methods for dealing with heterogeneity. Therefore, real progress in biomarker discovery will be attained when we recognize that an omics biomarker cannot be assigned and validated without a priori data modeling and subtyping of the disease itself to reveal the extent of its heterogeneity, and its omics' clonal aberrations (drivers) underlying its subtypes and pathways' diversity. To further support our viewpoints, we are contributing a novel a systems biology method such as parsimony phylogenetic approach for disease modeling prior to biomarker circumscription. As an analytical approach that has been successfully used for a half of a century in other biological disciplines, parsimony phylogenetics simultaneously achieves several objectives: it provides disease modeling in a hierarchical phylogenetic classification, identifies biomarkers as the shared derived expressions or mutations--synapomorphies, constructs the omics profiles of specimens based on the most parsimonious arrangement of their heterogeneous data, and permits network profiling of affected signaling pathways as the biosignature of disease classes.
In Vitro Effects of β-Carotene and Vitamin A on Peripartum Bovine Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Proliferation (1991)

The effects of beta-carotene, retinol, and retinoic acid on function of mononuclear cells during the peripartum period was assessed in vitro. Blood was collected from 14 Holstein cows on wk -4, -1, 0, 1, and 4 postpartum, and mononuclear cells were obtained by gradient centrifugation. Mononuclear cell proliferation induced by concanavalin A was measured in the presence of beta-carotene, retinol (1 x 10(-9) and 1 x 10(-8) M), and retinoic acid (1 x 10(-10) and 1 x 10(-9) M). Retinol and beta-carotene had no effect on spontaneous cell proliferation, whereas retinoic acid was suppressive. However, 1 x 10(-9) M beta-carotene enhanced concanavalin A-induced proliferation at wk -1, whereas 1 x 10(-8) M beta-carotene was suppressive at wk -4. Retinoic acid suppressed concanavalin A-induced proliferation at wk 0, but retinol had no effect. These results suggest a mechanism by which beta-carotene affords the mammary gland protection against infection immediately prepartum.
Simultaneous occurrence of thyroiditis and papillary carcinoma. Report of two cases (1953)

COMMON VARIETIES of thyroiditis, Tsuil. x u t e thyroiditis and strunia lymphomatosa, generally can be differentiated from carcinoma without difficulty. T h e rubbery consistency of struma lyniphomatosa and the usually diffuse involvement of the entire gland distinguish it from malignant tumors, which tend to involve only one portion of the gland. In subacute thyroiditis, pain and tenderness usually are present, and, although only one lobe inay be involved, the lobe tends to retain its nornial shape as in struiiia lymphomatosa. For these reasons, it is not as a rule difficult to differentiate thyroiditis from carcinoma on the basis of the clinical examination, and, generally, the pathologist has no difficulty in distinguishing thyroiditis from carcinoma either horn examination of frozen sections or from Silverman needle biopsies.
Kinetics of Electrochemical Incorporation of Lithium into Aluminum (1977)

The electrochemical incorporation of lithium into aluminum was investigated by chronocoulometric, galvanostatic, and potentiostatic techniques. Results of the chronocoulometric measurements were interpreted in terms of the theory developed by Astakhov. Incorporation of lithium to form the solid solution α‐phase is limited by its rate of diffusion into aluminum, with a measured diffusion coefficient of about at 450°C. Implantation at potentials where a layer of intermetallic compound forms on the electrode surface was found to be limited initially by the reaction to form the compound (β‐phase) and subsequently by the rate of lithium diffusion into the growing β‐phase layer. The results of galvanostatic transient measurements indicate a diffusivity of lithium in of the order of 10−8 cm2/sec and a fast charge transfer step. The initial steps in the formation of the intermetallic compound appear to involve typical electrocrystallization (i.e., nucleation and growth) processes.
Visually mining and monitoring massive time series (2004)

Moments before the launch of every space vehicle, engineering discipline specialists must make a critical go/no-go decision. The cost of a false positive, allowing a launch in spite of a fault, or a false negative, stopping a potentially successful launch, can be measured in the tens of millions of dollars, not including the cost in morale and other more intangible detriments. The Aerospace Corporation is responsible for providing engineering assessments critical to the go/no-go decision for every Department of Defense space vehicle. These assessments are made by constantly monitoring streaming telemetry data in the hours before launch. We will introduce VizTree, a novel time-series visualization tool to aid the Aerospace analysts who must make these engineering assessments. VizTree was developed at the University of California, Riverside and is unique in that the same tool is used for mining archival data and monitoring incoming live telemetry. The use of a single tool for both aspects of the task allows a natural and intuitive transfer of mined knowledge to the monitoring task. Our visualization approach works by transforming the time series into a symbolic representation, and encoding the data in a modified suffix tree in which the frequency and other properties of patterns are mapped onto colors and other visual properties. We demonstrate the utility of our system by comparing it with state-of-the-art batch algorithms on several real and synthetic datasets.
PHYSIOLOGIC, METABOLIC, AND PERCEPTUAL RESPONSES TO SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE USING A TOTAL BODY RECUMBENT STEPPER 1235 (1996)

The purposes of this study were to 1.) evaluate physiologic, metabolic, and perceptual responses to submaximal exercise on a total body recumbent stepper(NUSTEP ™), 2.) assess work load reliability, 3.) compare predicted vs. measured total calories (TOT KCAL), and 4.) determine and validate the regression equations for VO2, heart rate (HR), and TOT KCAL. Fifty adults (18-35 yr) were randomly assigned to the experimental (EXP, N=30) and validation (VAL, N=20) groups. Subjects exercised arms and legs simultaneously at 100 steps/min. Following the familiarization trials, EXP subjects were randomly assigned to one of two experimental trials (T1 = levels 1,3,5,7; T2 = levels 2,4,6,8). Subjects performed each level until they achieved steady state (VO2 ≤ 150 ml between two consecutive 30 s readings). HR, differentiated ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and blood pressure were also recorded. Fifteen EXP subjects performed retest trials. VAL subjects performed a single, steady-state trial at a randomly assigned work load, exercising for four min at steady state. Pearson product-moment and interclass correlation coefficients as well as simple regressions were calculated. Validation procedures consisted of applying the regression equations derived from EXP data to the independent VAL group. The authors concluded: 1.) submaximal exercise using the present ergometer elicited expected physiologic, respiratory-metabolic, and perceptual responses, 2.) the total body recumbent stepper was reliable (r =.93 to.99, p≤.002), 3.) predicted vs.measured TOT KCAL were highly correlated (r =.98,p≤.0001), and 4.) VO2 (ml/kg/min) and (l/min), HR, and TOT KCAL can be predicted for the work loads (r =.95,.92,.90,.97,p≤.005, respectively).
Voiced excitation functions calculated from micropower impulse radar information (1997)

Efforts underway at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to use newly designed micropower impulse radars (MIR) to measure in real time the excitation function of the vocal tract will be presented. Studies undertaken in collaboration with the University of California at Davis and the University of Iowa with high-speed laryngoscopic cameras, electroglottographs, flow masks, and subglottal pressure transducers have solidified the relationship between the signal returned by the MIR and the voiced excitation function of the vocal tract. As a result, for the first time a transfer function of the vocal tract can be calculated in real time and with unprecedented clarity for voiced speech. This new capability could have significant implications for improvements in speech recognition and speech synthesis processing.
Wnt5a and Wnt11 are essential for second heart field progenitor development (2012)

Wnt/β-catenin has a biphasic effect on cardiogenesis, promoting the induction of cardiac progenitors but later inhibiting their differentiation. Second heart field progenitors and expression of the second heart field transcription factor Islet1 are inhibited by the loss of β-catenin, indicating that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is necessary for second heart field development. However, expressing a constitutively active β-catenin with Islet1-Cre also inhibits endogenous Islet1 expression, reflecting the inhibitory effect of prolonged Wnt/β-catenin signaling on second heart field development. We show that two non-canonical Wnt ligands, Wnt5a and Wnt11, are co-required to regulate second heart field development in mice. Loss of Wnt5a and Wnt11 leads to a dramatic loss of second heart field progenitors in the developing heart. Importantly, this loss of Wnt5a and Wnt11 is accompanied by an increase in Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and ectopic Wnt5a/Wnt11 inhibits β-catenin signaling and promotes cardiac progenitor development in differentiating embryonic stem cells. These data show that Wnt5a and Wnt11 are essential regulators of the response of second heart field progenitors to Wnt/β-catenin signaling and that they act by restraining Wnt/β-catenin signaling during cardiac development.
Phase II clinical study on stent therapy for unresectable malignant colorectal stenosis (JIVROSG-0206) (2008)

9641 Background: A phase II clinical study on stent therapy for unresectable malignant colorectal stenosis was conducted to ascertain clinical efficacy, safety and procedural feasibility. Methods: Inclusion criteria were as follows: unresectable stenosis of the rectum or sigmoid colon with large bowel obstruction; no apparent stenosis of the oral side of the gastrointestinal tract; no bleeding requiring a procedure; ECOG PS ≤3; and maintained major organ function. The treatment protocol was to place an uncovered metal stent through the anus in a stenotic portion under X-ray fluoroscopic guidance. The patient was followed for 4 weeks after therapy, and the degree of improvement in subjective symptoms lasting ≥2 weeks was assessed in significantly effective (SE), moderately effective (ME) or ineffective (IE). Rate of clinical efficacy was defined as the proportion of SE and ME cases. Adverse reactions were assessed by NCI-CTC (version 2.0). Procedural feasibility was assessed based on the rate of treatment protocol completion. Results: A total of 33 patients (13 men and 20 women, PS 1, 2, 3 in 17, 7, 9 patients) were enrolled and all satisfied the inclusion criteria. Mean patient age was 60 years (range, 34–84 years). Rate of treatment completion was 97.0% (32/33), and no procedural complications were encountered. Therapy was SE in 15 patients, ME in 12, IE in 4 and unassessable in 1, yielding a clinical efficacy rate of 81.8% (27/33). Among treatment completed cases, death (n=3), stent removal due to anal pain (n=1) and occlusion at another location (n=1) were noted during the observation period. Among clinically effective cases, recurrence was not seen. Adverse reactions included grade 2–3 diarrhea (n=12, 33.3%), pain (n=5, 15.2%), bleeding (n=1, 3.0%) and dysuria (n=1, 3.0%), but no grade 4 adverse reactions or treatment-related deaths were seen. Conclusions: Stent therapy for unresectable malignant colorectal stenosis is highly practical, safe and effective. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Possibilities and limitations of endoscopic management of nasal and paranasal sinus malignancies. (1999)

Over the last decade, the use of rigid endoscopes in surgery of tumorous lesions of the nose, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx and anterior skull base has extended and diversified. Endoscopic surgical approaches for malignant lesions are very controversially discussed as of today, yet. From 1989-1999 we have treated 43 patients with invasive/destructive tumors of the paranasal sinuses and the anterior skull base strictly endoscopically, transnasally. These included 5 patients with juvenile angiofibromas and 36 patients with various malignant tumors, one with a large invasive macroadenoma of the pituitary and one case of a craniopharyngeoma. The age range was 3 months to 82 years. Whereas the very first patients were approached endoscopically in a palliative intention, we have started endoscopic surgery for selected malignancies with curative intention in the last years. Histologically, patients with various carcinoma differentiation were operated (n = 18), as well as patients with malignant melanoma (n = 5), esthesioneuroblastoma (n = 8), clivus chordoma (n = 3), immature teratoma (n = 1) and leiomyosarcoma (n = 1). Our first results appear to indicate, that outcome is at least equal to standard external approaches, however with excellent functional terms and significantly better overall quality of life. The limitations result from the anatomical spread of the tumor, when extensive infiltration of orbit, dura/brain and other vital structures exist. However, in experienced hands, endoscopic surgery in this region can be rather radical, bone and even dura of the anterior skull base can be resected as can the periorbit, and all structures reconstructed in the same session. Endoscopic techniques lend themselves very well to cooperation with neighbouring specialities like neurosurgery. In individual cases, gamma-knife therapy has proven an extremely helpful adjunctive. With this combined approach, all 8 patients with esthesioneuroblastoma are alive and free of disease with a mean observation time of 37.2 months. We will therefore continue to use this procedure in selected cases as a reliable alternative to external approaches in the future. However we recommend, that these techniques are only applied at centers, where all other surgical approaches can be performed, should need for this arise.
Acoustic wave resonances in a solid layer with a periodically irregular boundary (2002)

Interaction of acoustic wave harmonics in a solid layer with a one-dimensional periodically irregular boundary is studied in detail. Resonances between different modes of the harmonics has been predicted in such a structure. Due to the resonances the acoustic spectrum of the layer takes miniband character with densely spaced forbidden gaps.
SIMULATION STUDIES OF THE FARLEY-BUNEMAN INSTABILITY IN THE EQUATORIAL ELECTROJET (2000)

No abstract prepared.
Synthese und Metallierung des Diaminosiloxans O(Si<i>i</i>Pr<sub>2</sub>NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> (2008)

Abstract Synthesis and Metalation of the Diaminosiloxane O(Si i Pr 2 NH 2 ) 2 The 1,3‐diaminoldisiloxane O(Si i Pr 2 NH 2 ) 2 ( 1 ) was obtained from the reaction of O(Si i Pr 2 Cl) 2 with NH 3 . The reactions of 1 with AlEt 3 or GaEt 3 produced the compounds [O{Si i Pr 2 N(H)MEt 2 }{Si i Pr 2 NMEt}] 2 ( 2 : M = Al; 3 : M = Ga). The crystal structures of 2 and 3 were determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, showing a polycyclic M 4 N 4 Si 4 O 2 core structure of these molecules.
Bandit View on Noisy Optimization (2011)

This chapter deals with the problem of making the best use of a finite number of noisy evaluations to optimize an unknown function. We are primarily concerned with the case where the function is defined over a finite set. In this discrete setting, we discuss various objectives for the learner, from optimizing the allocation of a given budget of evaluations to optimal stopping time problems with ( , δ)-PAC guarantees. We also consider the so-called online optimization framework, where the result of an evaluation is associated to a reward, and the goal is to maximize the sum of obtained rewards. In this case, we extend the algorithms to continuous sets and (weakly) Lipschitzian functions (with respect to a prespecified metric).