gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Diuretics and Sudden Cardiac Death (1996)

Letters15 August 1996Diuretics and Sudden Cardiac DeathArno W. Hoes, MD, PhD and Diederick E. Grobbee, MD, PhDArno W. Hoes, MD, PhDErasmus University Medical School, Rotterdam, the NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this author and Diederick E. Grobbee, MD, PhDErasmus University Medical School, Rotterdam, the NetherlandsSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-4-199608150-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Aursnes and others question the use of a nonexperimental study design to evaluate drug effects. We are aware of the limitations of nonexperimental assessment of efficacy or side effects of medications, including the methods we applied to limit bias that resulted from lack of random allocation. We emphasize, however, that the case–control method has important advantages over randomized trials and may be the only way to study rare outcomes, such as sudden death, different antihypertensive medications, and the influence of dosage and duration of drug use [1]. Obviously, the published trials lacked the power to address these ...References1. Hoes AW, Grobbee DE, Lubsen J. Primary prevention in hypertension. Valid conclusions from observational studies. Circulation. 1991; 84(Suppl VI):78-83. Google Scholar2. Grobbee DE, Hoes AW. Non-potassium-sparing diuretics and risk of sudden cardiac death. J Hypertens. [In press]. Google Scholar3. Medical Research Council trial of treatment of hypertension in older adults: principal results. MRC Working Party. BMJ. 1992; 304:405-12. Google Scholar4. Siscovick DS, Raghunathan TE, Psaty BM, Koepsell TD, Wicklund KG, Lin X, et al. Diuretic therapy and the risk of primary cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med. 1994; 330:1852-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Erasmus University Medical School, Rotterdam, the Netherlands PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1996Volume 125, Issue 4Page: 348-349KeywordsCalciumCoronary heart diseaseDiureticsDrug usersDrugsElderlyMultivariate analysisRandomized trialsRelative riskSudden cardiac death ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 August 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Broadband dielectric study of the glass transition in poly(ethyleneglycol)-water mixture (2006)

We performed broadband dielectric measurements of a polyethyleneglycol-water mixture in the frequency range between 10 GHz and 1 microHz and the temperature range between 300 and 133 K. One relaxation process is observed throughout the whole temperature range. The temperature dependence of the relaxation time clearly obeys the Vogel-Fulcher law above 183 K, and the Arrhenius law below 183 K. This observed relaxation process is the secondary process, and the primary process related to the glass transition is masked by the low-frequency ionic contribution below 183 K. The glass transition concerned with the masked primary process leads to the Vogel-Fulcher to Arrhenius transition of the secondary process.
Abstract 1470: Enhancing radiation therapy by simultaneous inhibition of thioredoxin- and glutathione-dependent metabolism (2012)

Abstract Cancer cells have been shown to be in a constant state of metabolic oxidative stress, concurrent with an elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In order to facilitate survival in the face of increased steady-sate levels of ROS, cancer cells rely on glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx) dependent metabolism. We have recently demonstrated that the simultaneous inhibition of GSH using Buthionine sulphoximine [(BSO), a GHS synthesis inhibitor] and thioredoxin reductase using auronofin [(Au), a thioredoxin reductase inhibitor] effectively chemo-radio-sensitized lung cancer cells via a mechanism involving oxidative stress. In this work we extend this observation to demonstrate that Au 2 mg/kg and BSO 450 mg/kg, given prior to ionizing radiation (6 Gy x 2 doses) can significantly delay tumor growth rate for mice treated with radiation alone in H292 lung cancer xenografts. In addition, we demonstrate through clonogenic survival assays that the combination of Au (250-500 nM) and BSO (100 μM) radio-sensitizes two breast cancer cell lines in vitro, and more importantly the combination of Au and BSO given by intraperitoneal injection prior to radiation decreases the percent of breast cancer stem/progenitor cells in vivo. The rate limiting substrate for GSH synthesis is cysteine, whose level is controlled by the xc- cystine/glutamate antiporter. Sulfasazine (SSZ) has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of the xc- cystine/glutamate antiporter. We demonstrate that SSZ (0.1-0.5 mM) decreases total GSH (up to 90%) levels in a dose dependent manner in both Mia PaCa-2 and PANC-1 human pancreatic cell lines. The combination of Au (250 nM for 3 hours) with SSZ (0.2 mM for 24 hours) demonstrates an 80% and 30% decrease in clonogenic cell survival in MiaPaCa-2 and PANC-1 pancreatic cells that is inhibited by treatment with the thiol antioxidant, 15 mM N-acetylcysteine. These results indicate that inhibition of hydroperoxide metabolism using pharmacologically relevant agents to simultaneously disrupt GSH and Trx system, can sensitize multiple cancer cell lines to radiation. These results support the hypothesis that standard of care radiotherapy protocols could be enhanced using SSZ, Au, and/or BSO. Supported by The Iowa Center for Research by Undergraduates, R21CA139182, R01CA133114 and a Breast Cancer Research Group Seed Grand from the Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1470. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1470
Research on Flow Injection Fading Spectrophotometric Determination of Iron(III) (2011)

On the basis of the fading reaction of acid fuchsin with iron(Ⅲ),a fading spectrophotometric method combined with flow injection technology was developed for the determination of iron(Ⅲ).Under optimum analytical conditions,the concentration of iron(Ⅲ) is linear with absorbency in the range of 0.05～1.5 mg/L and the detection limit is 0.01 mg/L.The relative standard deviation(RSD) is 2.60% for 0.75 mg/L iron(Ⅲ)(n=11).The method has been successfully applied to the determination of iron(Ⅲ) in tap water,river water and well water,and the recoveries are between 96.8% and 101.2%,which has better reproducible and accurate effects.
Synthesis, Characterization and Degradation of Poly(silyl ester)s (1998)

To investigate the effects of sterics and polymer backbone composition upon the rates of hydrolytic degradation of polymers containing trialkyl-substituted silyl ester linkages, six poly(silyl ester)s with molecular weights typically ranging from 5000 to 15000 Da were synthesized through transsilylation ester exchange reactions of alkyl or aryl bis(trimethylsilyl)esters with methyl- and isopropyl-substituted bis(chlorosilyl)hexanes to give trimethylsilyl chloride as the condensate. Characterization of the poly(silyl ester)s included infrared spectroscopy (IR), 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 29Si NMR INEPT spectroscopies, size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Both 29Si NMR and SEC were employed to monitor the polymerization and the degradation experiments. As expected, the relative stability of the silyl ester bonds toward hydrolysis increased with increased steric hindrance of the substituents attached to the silicon atoms. The incorporation of p-phenylene groups into the polymer backbone allowed for the formation of crystalline domains, which in turn greatly increased the stability toward hydrolytic degradation of the polymers in the solid state. Hydrolysis of the polymers containing diisopropyl-substituted silyl esters gave small molecules; however, degradation of the dimethyl-substituted poly(silyl ester)s as solids in air resulted in the formation of poly(dimethylsilylhexylene siloxane) from the spontaneous condensation of 1,6-bis(dimethylhydroxysilyl)hexane.
Interdisciplinary Research (2001)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTInterdisciplinary ResearchRoyce W. MurrayCite this: Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 7, 173 APublication Date (Web):April 1, 2001Publication History Published online1 April 2001Published inissue 1 April 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac012424xhttps://doi.org/10.1021/ac012424xnewsACS Publications. This publication is available under these Terms of Use. Request reuse permissions This publication is free to access through this site. Learn MoreArticle Views285Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail PDF (8 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Cosolvent Effects on Dechlorination of Soil-Sorbed Polychlorinated Biphenyls Using Bentonite Clay-Templated Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron (2016)

Zero-valent iron synthesized using bentonite clay as a template (CZVI) was tested for its reactivity toward polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) dechlorination in soil slurries. Aqueous-phase decachlorobiphenyl (PCB209) was rapidly dechlorinated by CZVI with a reaction rate 10 times greater than that by conventional nanoscale zerovalent iron. This superior reactivity was due largely to the nanoscale size (∼0.5 nm) of the ZVI particles located in the clay galleries. In soil slurries where PCB209 was strongly soil-bound, adding ethanol as an organic cosolvent led to increased PCB209 desorption into the liquid phase, thereby enhancing the PCB209 dechlorination with CZVI. The more effective PCB209 dechlorination in such a cosolvent system also promoted the subsequent stepwise dechlorinative process, leading to a relatively more removal of chlorine in the product mixture. The dechlorination became more rapid as the ethanol fraction increased from 10% to 50%, due apparently to the increasingly greater PCB209 desorption and thus facilitated contact with CZVI. Further increase in ethanol fraction above 50% led to an insignificant enhancement in degradation rate, due partially to attenuated contact of PCB209 with CZVI and reduced proton source from limited water content in the liquid. It is suggested that addition of organic cosolvents may make CZVI potentially useful for remediation of soils containing halogenated organic contaminants.
Rapid Genetic Algorithm Optimization of a Mouse Computational Model: Benefits for Anthropomorphization of Neonatal Mouse Cardiomyocytes (2012)

While the mouse presents an invaluable experimental model organism in biology, its usefulness in cardiac arrhythmia research is limited in some aspects due to major electrophysiological differences between murine and human action potentials (APs). As previously described, these species-specific traits can be partly overcome by application of a cell-type transforming clamp (CTC) to anthropomorphize the murine cardiac AP. CTC is a hybrid experimental-computational dynamic clamp technique, in which a computationally calculated time-dependent current is inserted into a cell in real-time, to compensate for the differences between sarcolemmal currents of that cell (e.g., murine) and the desired species (e.g., human). For effective CTC performance, mismatch between the measured cell and a mathematical model used to mimic the measured AP must be minimal. We have developed a genetic algorithm (GA) approach that rapidly tunes a mathematical model to reproduce the AP of the murine cardiac myocyte under study. Compared to a prior implementation that used a template-based model selection approach, we show that GA optimization to a cell-specific model results in a much better recapitulation of the desired AP morphology with CTC. This improvement was more pronounced when anthropomorphizing neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes to human-like APs than to guinea pig APs. CTC may be useful for a wide range of applications, from screening effects of pharmaceutical compounds on ion channel activity, to exploring variations in the mouse or human genome. Rapid GA optimization of a cell-specific mathematical model improves CTC performance and may therefore expand the applicability and usage of the CTC technique.
Dendritic Cell-Secreted Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein-4 Regulates the T-cell Response by Downmodulating Bystander Surface B7 (2016)

The remarkable functional plasticity of professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) allows the adaptive immune system to respond specifically to an incredibly diverse array of potential pathogenic insults; nonetheless, the specific molecular effectors and mechanisms that underpin this plasticity remain poorly characterized. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4), the target of the blockbuster cancer immunotherapeutic ipilimumab, is one of the most well-known and well-studied members of the B7 superfamily and negatively regulates T cell responses by a variety of known mechanisms. Although CTLA-4 is thought to be expressed almost exclusively among lymphoid lineage hematopoietic cells, a few reports have indicated that nonlymphoid APCs can also express the CTLA-4 mRNA transcript and that transcript levels can be regulated by external stimuli. In this study, we substantially build upon these critical observations, definitively demonstrating that mature myeloid lineage dendritic cells (DC) express significant levels of intracellular CTLA-4 that they constitutively secrete in microvesicular structures. CTLA-4(+) microvesicles can competitively bind B7 costimulatory molecules on bystander DC, resulting in downregulation of B7 surface expression with significant functional consequences for downstream CD8(+) T-cell responses. Hence, the data indicate a previously unknown role for DC-derived CTLA-4 in immune cell functional plasticity and have significant implication for the design and implementation of immunomodulatory strategies intended to treat cancer and infectious disease.
ECT: facts, affects, and ambiguities (1984)

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Wavelength-multiplexed volume holograms for fully interconnected neural networks (1990)

The degrees of freedom available in a three-dimensional volume hologram only permit interconnection between sparse fractal planes 1 of optical neurons that do not adequately sample dense two-dimensional images. We are investigating the capabilities of spectral-hole-burning volume holography 2 for implementing N 2 to N interconnections, and will present several approaches for using the wavelength domain as the necessary extra dimension. Global interconnection architectures based on N wavelength-multiplexed N-to-N 2 mappings do not produce any unwanted Bragg degenerate diffractions, but those based on N 2 -to-N mappings produce unwanted diffractions that can be eliminated with a spatially dependent wavelength filter, such as a wedged Fabry-Perot étalon. Other architectures based on N 3/2 -to-N 3/2 mappings with N multiplexed wavelengths to achieve N 2 -to-N 2 global interconnections as well as local mappings requiring fewer wavelengths are also possible. These schemes access all of the degrees of freedom of a spectral-holeburning hologram simultaneously, allowing as many as 10 12 multiplications per readout, and learning architectures allow these interconnections to be adaptively modified based on a sequence of training patterns.
REVISED STRUCTURE FOR ARGLEGIN (1972)

is a metabolite produced by several Streptomyces and found to possess antiarrhythmic properties.
Radio wave propagation in curved rectangular tunnels at 5.8 GHz for metro applications (2011)

The need for wireless communication systems is increasing in the transport domain. These systems have to be operational in every type of environment and particularly tunnels for metro applications. These ones can have rectangular, circular or arch-shaped cross section. Furthermore, they can be straight or curved. This paper presents a new method to model the radio wave propagation in straight tunnels with an arch-shaped cross section and in curved tunnels with a rectangular cross section. The method is based on a Ray Launching technique combining the computation of intersection with curved surfaces, an original optimization of paths, a reception sphere, an IMR technique and a last criterion of paths validity. Results obtained with our method are confronted to results of literature in a straight arch-shaped tunnel. Then, comparisons with measurements at 5.8 GHz are performed in a curved rectangular tunnel.
Construction itérative d'un modèle de connaissance par l'exploitation de règles d'asssociation (2006)

National audience
Mobile Colloid Generation Induced by a Cementitious Plume: Mineral Surface-Charge Controls on Mobilization (2012)

Cementitious materials are increasingly used as engineered barriers and waste forms for radiological waste disposal. Yet their potential effect on mobile colloid generation is not well-known, especially as it may influence colloid-facilitated contaminant transport. Whereas previous papers have studied the introduction of cement colloids into sediments, this study examined the influence of cement leachate chemistry on the mobilization of colloids from a subsurface sediment collected from the Savannah River Site, USA. A sharp mobile colloid plume formed with the introduction of a cement leachate simulant. Colloid concentrations decreased to background concentrations even though the aqueous chemical conditions (pH and ionic strength) remained unchanged. Mobile colloids were mainly goethite and to a lesser extent kaolinite. The released colloids had negative surface charges and the mean particle sizes ranged primarily from 200 to 470 nm. Inherent mineralogical electrostatic forces appeared to be the controlling colloid removal mechanism in this system. In the background pH of ~6.0, goethite had a positive surface charge, whereas quartz (the dominant mineral in the immobile sediment) and kaolinite had negative surface charges. Goethite acted as a cementing agent, holding kaolinite and itself onto the quartz surfaces due to the electrostatic attraction. Once the pH of the system was elevated, as in the cementitious high pH plume front, the goethite reversed to a negative charge, along with quartz and kaolinite, then goethite and kaolinite colloids were mobilized and a sharp spike in turbidity was observed. Simulating conditions away from the cementitious source, essentially no colloids were mobilized at 1:1000 dilution of the cement leachate or when the leachate pH was ≤ 8. Extreme alkaline pH environments of cementitious leachate may change mineral surface charges, temporarily promoting the formation of mobile colloids.
Electric Field Induced Dewetting at Polymer/Polymer Interfaces (2002)

External electric fields were used to amplify interfacial fluctuations in the air/polymer/polymer system where one polymer dewets the other. Two different hydrodynamic regimes were found as a function of electric field strength. If heterogeneous nucleation leads to the formation of holes before the electrostatically driven instability sets in, the dewetting kinetics is not influenced by the electric field. Stronger electric fields lead to a spinodal electrohydrodynamic instability which causes the formation of polymer columns on top of the second polymer. The rapid column formation leads to a substantial deformation of the lower polymer layer at the column contact line, caused by the high viscous stress concentration there. With time, the deformation of the lower polymer layer is increased by the action of the interfacial electrostatic force. In addition, the analysis of the polymer−polymer interface during the early stage of the instability indicates a slip boundary condition for the upper layer on the liquid substrate.
Photocyclisation of enamides. Part VIII. Synthesis of 13-methylberbines; total synthesis of (±)-cavidine (1975)

Photocyclisation of 2-aroyl-1-ethylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines, which exist in two geometric forms, provides a useful route to various 13-methylberbines, as exemplified by the first total synthesis of (±)-cavidine.
GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF POLIOVIRUS IN H<scp>E</scp>L<scp>A</scp> CELLS: NUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM (1957)

The RNA and DNA contents of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the HeLa cell were determined. The rates of incorporation of P(32) into the various nucleic acid fractions were established for the ordinary HeLa cell maintained under a set of standard conditions. The changes in the rates of incorporation of P(32) and in the amounts of RNA and DNA which occurred subsequent to infection with poliovirus were followed throughout the infectious cycle. These changes were correlated with the intracellular appearance of the newly formed virus. A net synthesis of RNA occurred in the cytoplasmic component of the cell. The increase was detectable 2 hours before the first appearance of demonstrable virus and reached a maximum (2.5 times normal) at 6 hours. Viral increase was not maximal before the 7th hour after infection.
Propidium iodide as a nuclear counterstain for immunofluorescence studies on cells in culture. (1987)

We describe a rapid procedure using propidium iodide (PI) as a nuclear counterstain in immunofluorescence studies where cell surface or intracellular antigens are localized with fluorescein-conjugated antisera. In fixed monolayer preparations, all cell nuclei fluoresce red and can be seen simultaneously with cellular antigens that fluoresce green. Counterstaining with PI therefore makes possible quantification of the proportion of cells present in culture that stain immunocytochemically for a specific antigen.
Towards higher resolution analysis of Clinical Brain Diffusion Images (2012)

1st International Symposium on Deep Brain Connectomics, Clermont-Ferrand, France