gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Quadratic deferred-merge embedding algorithm for zero skew clock distribution network (2002)

Design of clock distribution networks (CDNs) in SoCs is one of the critical aspects in the realization of high performance products. Traditionally, the CDNs are generated based on binary tree data structure. However, this approach has it own limitations in terms of silicon utilization, power dissipation and latency. In this paper we propose to migrate to a quadrature tree data structure in order to gain more flexibility in locating the Steiner nodes, that can be used to minimize the CDN wire length. The quadratic data structure is applied to the Deferred-Merge Embedding algorithm (DME) where the results show that the total wire length of the CDN can be reduced effectively as the number of clock pins increases. For CDNs of 256, 1024, 4096, 16384 and 65536 clock pins, the proposed technique can reduce the CDNs total wire length by 1.85%, 3.48%, 9.2%, 23.7% and 40.3% respectively with an insignificant increase in run time. Also, using the Quadratic structure helped reducing the clock delay and the total wire elongation lengths required to achieve Zero Skew CDN.
La Arquitectura Medieval en Segovia (1991)

Toda manifestacion artistica se desarrolla en un contexto historico que no podemos soslayar, sin embargo, y habida cuenta del caracter de este congreso no considero oportuno entrar en campo ajeno por lo que me circunscribire al muy estricto de la arquitectura y solo al estado de la cuestion. El lector interesado encontrara, sin duda alguna, respuesta a los numerosos y variados interrogantes que le puedan suscitar las distintas facetas de la historia local, pero creo necesario insistir un avez mas, como premisa para iniciar el estudio de la arquitectura en Segovia, que esta no fue creacion ex novo, ni reconstruccion de un casar, sino restauracion por Alfonso VI del orden perdido entre aquellos, suponemos que escasos, habitantes que vivian en la abandonada ciudad romana. En este sentido, la fecha de 1088 no es sino la de su renacimiento, la del comienzo de participacion en la vida politica del reino de Castilla.
Decreased levels of serum glutathione peroxidase 3 are associated with papillary serous ovarian cancer and disease progression (2011)

Serum GPX3 levels are decreased in women with papillary serous ovarian cancer in a stage-dependent manner and also decreased in women with disease recurrence. Whether this decrease represents a general feature in response to the disease or a link to the progression of the cancer is unknown. Understanding this relationship may have clinical and therapeutic consequences for women with papillary serous adenocarcinoma.
Quantum magnetotransport in a highly correlated two-dimensional electron liquid on a superfluid helium surface (1997)

The theoretical concept of the inelastic quantum magnetotransport of highly correlated surface electrons on superfluid helium is presented. The low-temperature magnetoconductivity data are obtained from the damping of the edge magnetoplasmons. It is shown that the temperature and magnetic field dependences of the magnetoconductivity can be perfectly described by the inelastic many-electron theory as the interplay of two kinds of Landau level broadening produced by scatterers and by mutual Coulomb interaction.
Caga-positive strains of Helicobacter pylori may protect against Barrett's esophagus (2000)

Colonization by cagA+ H. pylori strains may be protective against the formation of short- and long-segment Barrett's esophagus and its malignant complications.
Electronic implementations of interaction-free measurements (2010)

Three different implementations of interaction-free measurements (IFMs) in solid-state nanodevices are discussed. The first one is based on a series of concatenated Mach-Zehnder interferometers, in analogy to optical-IFM setups. The second one consists of a single interferometer and concatenation is achieved in the time domain making use of a quantized electron emitter. The third implementation consists of an asymmetric Aharonov-Bohm ring. For all three cases we show that the presence of a dephasing source acting on one arm of the interferometer can be detected without degrading the coherence of the measured current. Electronic implementations of IFMs in nanoelectronics may play a fundamental role as very accurate and noninvasive measuring schemes for quantum devices.
A General Approach to Selective Functionalization of 1,2,4‐Triazines Using Organometallics in Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling and Addition Reactions. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of [14C]Azodicarbonamide (1999)

[14C]Azodicarbonamide, a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 was prepared by reaction of hydrazine sulfate with potassium [14C]cyanate, followed by oxidation of the resulting biurea. The overall radiochemical yield was 57% and the specific activity of the product was 1.48 GBq/mmol (39.9 mCi/mmol). Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanisms of cytochrome P450 substrate oxidation: MiniReview (2007)

Cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes catalyze a variety of oxidation and some reduction reactions, collectively involving thousands of substrates. A general chemical mechanism can be used to rationalize most of the oxidations and involves a perfenyl intermediate (FeO3+) and odd-electron chemistry, i.e. abstraction of a hydrogen atom or electron followed by oxygen rebound and sometimes rearrangement. This general mechanism can explain carbon hydroxylation, heteroatom oxygenation and dealkylation, epoxidation, desaturation, heme destruction, and other reactions. Another approach to understanding catalysis involves analysis of the more general catalytic cycle, including substrate specificity, because complex patterns of cooperativity are observed with several P450s. Some of the complexity is due to slow conformational changes in the proteins that occur on the same timescale as other steps.
ChemInform Abstract: HALOGEN EXCHANGE REACTIONS OF METHYL FLUORIDE WITH GASEOUS GROUP 4 CHLOROCATIONS AND SOLID GROUP 3 CHLORIDES. A STUDY OF PARALLELS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ISOELECTRONIC SPECIES (1978)

Abstract Halogen‐Austauschreaktionen von MeF mit SiCIQ′, TiClgä, verschiedenen anderen Chlorofluorosilicium‐ und ‐titanionen sowie AlCl 3 und ScCl 3 werden beschrieben.
Determination of methylmercury in fish tissues by isotope dilution SPME-GC-ICP-MS (2003)

A method is described for the accurate and precise determination of monomethylmercury (MMHg) by species specific isotope dilution (ID) calibration using solid phase microextraction (SPME) in combination with gas chromatographic (GC) separation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (ICP-MS) detection. Samples were digested with methanolic potassium hydroxide, derivatized in aqueous solution with sodium tetrapropylborate and headspace sampled with a polydimethylsiloxane coated SPME fused silica fiber. The analyte was then directly transferred from the fiber to the head of the GC column for desorption by insertion of the fiber through the heated injection port. Reverse spike ID analysis was performed to determine the accurate concentration of an in-house synthesized 198Hg-enriched monomethylmercury (MM198Hg) spike [candidate Certified Reference Material (CRM) EOM-1] using two natural abundance MMHg standards. Concentrations of 0.719 ± 0.015 and 4.484 ± 0.029 µg g−1 (one standard deviation, n = 4) as Hg were obtained for MMHg in NRCC CRMs DOLT-2 and DORM-2, respectively, using the present method. These are in good agreement with the certified values of 0.693 ± 0.053 and 4.47 ± 0.32 µg g−1 (as 95% confidence interval). A MMHg concentration of 4.69 ± 0.12 µg g−1 (one standard deviation, n = 4) as Hg in DORM-2 was subsequently determined by standard additions calibration using ethylmercury (EtHg) as an internal standard. A nearly 4-fold improvement in the precision of determination using ID was obtained, clearly demonstrating its superiority in providing more precise results compared to the method of standard additions. The method was applied to the determination of MMHg in a new biological CRM DOLT-3 and a concentration of 1.540 ± 0.025 µg g−1 (one standard deviation, n = 6) as Hg was obtained. A method detection limit (3σ) of 2.1 ng g−1 was estimated for a 0.25 g of subsample, sufficiently low for the routine determination of MMHg in most biological samples.
SENECA method for a social evaluation of energy projects (2002)

The article suggests an experimental method for supporting evaluations of social consequences due to energetic projects in developing countries. It attempts to forecast possible side effects in the social-cultural texture of small rural communities.
Paradoxical brain embolism from vena caval filter in a patient with cancer (2002)

A 71-year-old man experienced sudden onset of hemiparesis and aphasia. He had a 4-month history of gallbladder cholangiocarcinoma, complicated with a postoperative deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) that necessitated a vena caval filter placement. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed multiple hyperintense foci. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was compatible with cerebral infarction. Abdominal computed tomography showed a thrombus in the inferior vena cava extending through the filters, A transcranial Doppler bubble study revealed the presence of a right-to-left shunt. Paradoxical cerebral embolism must be considered in patients with DVT who have new onset neurologic deficits even in the presence of a caval filter.
Uncompressed 8K-video system using high-speed video server system over IP network (2015)

Live public viewing of sports and other events are rapidly increasing in popularity. Ultra-high-resolution (4K and 8K) video transmission systems make it possible for the public to experience the full impact of such events. Since 4K video has four times and 8K video has 16 times the resolution of high definition television (HDTV), they can capture the detailed facial expressions of performers than in greater detail than with HDTV. However, no uncompressed 4K/8K video storage or delivery system over IP network is currently available. Moreover, no uncompressed 8K video transmission system is currently available. To address this deficiency, we developed a scalable high-speed video server system to deliver high-quality video, including uncompressed HD and uncompressed 4K video, streams over IP networks and a synchronization method for it that combines multiple 4K transmission systems and video servers. We demonstrated the method's validity by implementing and testing an uncompressed 8K video real-time transmission system and an uncompressed 8K video on-demand system. Through experiments performed on both systems via commercial 100- Gbit/s Ethernet, we succeeded in achieving the world's first bidirectional uncompressed 8K video transmission and 8K video on-demand systems.
Agent Orange exposure, Vietnam War veterans, and the risk of prostate cancer (2008)

Individuals who were exposed to Agent Orange had an increased incidence of prostate cancer; developed the disease at a younger age, and had a more aggressive variant than their unexposed counterparts. Consideration should be made to classify this group of individuals as 'high risk,' just like men of African-American heritage and men with a family history of prostate cancer.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF LOW TEMPERATURE THERMAL STRESS RESTRAINED SPECIMEN TEST RESULTS (1992)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of mixture variables, which include asphalt type, aggregate type, air voids content, degree of aging, and interactions between these variables, on the low temperature cracking characteristics of asphalt concrete mixtures. To accomplish the purpose, thermal stress restrained speciment tests were performed on both short- term and long-term aged specimens prepared with a combination of fourteen asphalt and two aggregate types. Statistical analyses were performed on the Thermal Stress Restrained Speciment Test (TSRST) results using a Statistical Analysis System (SAS) package. For the convering abstract for this Conference see IRRD abstract number 807982. (A)
Fabrication of clean carbon nanotube field emitters (2006)

We have developed a method for fabricating a good carbon nanotube (CNT) field emitter using electrophoretic deposition and fissure formation techniques. A thin film of CNTs was deposited on a Ti substrate, by electrophoresis, from an aqueous mixture of CNT and detergent, dried naturally, and then pressed on the surface to make it smooth. By firing, it was changed to numerous microsized islands. As a result very clean CNT tips were generated from the fissures formed. The film showed good field emission properties. Our method affords a process of simple steps and does not need any postdeposition or activation process for field emission.
Binding Energies of Gaseous Diatomic Hydrides and Halides of Group II and Group III Metals (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBinding Energies of Gaseous Diatomic Hydrides and Halides of Group II and Group III MetalsJohn L. MargraveCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1954, 58, 3, 258–260Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150513a019https://doi.org/10.1021/j150513a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views39Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFICIENCY OF SELECTION FOR HATCHABILITY (1958)

Abstract not available
Beiträge zur Chemie der heterocyclischen, pseudobasischen Aminocarbinole, XXXI. Eine neue Isochinolin‐Ringschlußreaktion, VIII. Synthese eines Biisochinolyls‐(2.2′) (1966)

Abstract Die Hydrazonderivate 2e – h des Cotarnons ( 1 ) werden durch katalytische Kaliumcyanid‐Mengen in alkalischem Alkohol in das Isochinolinderivat 4 umgewandelt. Cotarn‐azin ( 5 ) ergibt unter ähnlichen Bedingungen ein Gemisch von 4 und 6 , ohne Cyanidkatalysator das Derivat 7 des Biisochinolyls‐(2.2′).
Proton NMR studies of hydrogen diffusion and electronic structure in crystalline and amorphous titanium-copper hydrides (1982)

The proton line shapes, spin-lattice and rotating-frame relaxation times, and Knight shifts have been measured in crystalline TiCu${\mathrm{H}}_{0.94}$, ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}$Cu${\mathrm{H}}_{1.9}$, and ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}$Cu${\mathrm{H}}_{2.63}$, and in amorphous $a$-TiCu${\mathrm{H}}_{1.4}$. The second moments of the rigid-lattice line shapes indicate that protons occupy ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{4}$ interstitial sites in crystalline TiCu${\mathrm{H}}_{0.94}$ and ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}$Cu${\mathrm{H}}_{1.9}$ while both ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{4}$ and ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{4}$${\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}$ sites are occupied in crystalline ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}$Cu${\mathrm{H}}_{2.63}$. Although a detailed determination of hydrogen site occupancy in amorphous $a$-TiCu${\mathrm{H}}_{1.4}$ was not possible, the proton second moment implies octahedral site occupancy in addition to tetrahedral site occupancy. The host-metal structure and hydrogen site occupancies strongly influence both the hydrogen-diffusion behavior and electronic properties. The proton hyperfine interactions appear to be dominated by the transferred core-polarization terms from the Ti $d$ states near the Fermi level as previously found in $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-phase $\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{H}}_{x}$ and other Ti-based ternary hydrides. The density of electron states at the Fermi level as monitored at the proton sites is apparently reduced in amorphous $a$-TiCu${\mathrm{H}}_{1.4}$ when compared with densities for the crystalline samples. It is suggested that this reduction may reflect a smearing of the energy bands with the elimination of long-range order in the amorphous phase. The greatly enhanced hydrogen diffusion (relative to crystalline TiCu${\mathrm{H}}_{0.94}$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{H}}_{x}$) has been confirmed for amorphous $a$-TiCu${\mathrm{H}}_{1.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.1}$. The diffusion behavior in crystalline ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}\mathrm{Cu}{\mathrm{H}}_{x}$ supports the view that H-atom diffusion jumps through octahedral sites have lower activation energies than the direct tetrahedral-to-tetrahedral jump paths.
New York City Police Department Automated Fuel Monitoring System. Volume I. Overview. (1981)

The New York City Police Department's (NYCPD) automated fuel monitoring system was initiated in 1977 by the Naval Underwater Systems Center (NUSC) and became operational in September 1981. For this study, a flowchart was prepared of the existing manual fuel control system from which it was revealed that: (1) all transactions were manually recorded in a gasoline and oil receipt book by the pump attendant and were signed by the department vehicle operator; (2) the system required the services of a full-time pump attendant for at least two of the three daily duty shifts; and (3) each precinct was responsible for reordering its own fuel from the vendor. After a data collection effort, a number of recording errors were noted and the major system problems were identified. An automated fuel system was proposed and a pilot project was undertaken to determine the system's effectiveness. System design, specifications, configuration, and implementation are discussed in the report, and the system's cost and benefits are noted.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSELECTIVE EPOXIDATIONS OF ACYCLIC ALLYLIC ALCOHOLS BY TRANSITION METAL‐HYDROPEROXIDE REAGENTS, SYNTHESIS OF DL‐C18 CECROPIA JUVENILE HORMONE FROM FARNESOL (1974)

Abstract Die Synthese des Cecropia Juvenilhorrnons (V) aus dem Bis‐homofarnesol (IVb) wurde bereits früher durchgeführt.
Formation and discharge of deep and bottom water in the northwestern Weddell Sea (1995)

Deep and bottom water formation in the Weddell Sea is the major source of the bottom water of the world ocean. Measurements made in the northwestern Weddell Sea between 1989 and 1993 during the 'Weddell Gyre Study' indicate that the outflow of young bottom water with the western boundary current of the Weddell Gyre is dominated by a rather fresh water mass which obtains its thermohaline characteristics by mixing of deep water with a flow from the shelf in front of the Larsen Ice Shelf. The more saline source water mass, which is necessary to maintain the thermohaline properties of the Weddell Sea Deep Water, is less prominent in the bottom water outflow. The transport of bottom water with the western boundary current of the Weddell Gyre ranges from 1 to 4 10 6 m 3 s -1 . The outflow is subject to a seasonal cycle with minimum temperatures and maximum velocities in early austral winter.
Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and faecal persistence of morantel in cattle and goats (1993)

Morantel could not be detected (< 0.05 microgram/ml) in the plasma of cattle or goats following the oral administration of morantel tartrate at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg bodyweight. No morantel was detected in the milk of lactating goats except in one animal where a concentration of 0.092 microgram/ml was detected at 8 h after drug administration. Morantel was highly effective against Cooperia oncophora infections in calves treated 6, 9 or 18 days after infection; however, was highly effective against Ostertagia ostertagi only when treated 18 days after infection. Morantel did not affect the fecundity of adult O. ostertagi surviving treatment 18 days after infection which had similar average numbers of eggs in their uteri (range 13.4 +/- 0.73-16.8 +/- 0.98) as did parasites from control animals (range 12.0 +/- 0.70-13.6 +/- 0.66). Morantel could be detected at a concentration of 96 +/- 4.5 micrograms/g (dry weight) in the faeces of a calf 24 h after treatment with 10 mg/kg bodyweight of morantel tartrate. The concentration of morantel in replicate samples of this faeces exposed to natural atmosphere, but not to soil or soil organisms, declined slowly over the following 322 days. At day 322 after the start of the experiment 8.8 micrograms/g of morantel could be measured in the remaining faecal material. Throughout the faecal degradation study the concentration of morantel in the crusts of the replicate sample pats was lower than the concentration in the core samples.
<i>In Vivo</i> Biodistribution of Dendrimers and Dendrimer Nanocomposites — Implications for Cancer Imaging and Therapy (2005)

Our results indicate that the surface chemistry, composition, and 3-D structure of nanoparticles are critical in determining their in vivo biodistribution, and therefore the efficacy of nanodevice imaging and therapies. We demonstrate that gold/dendrimer nanocomposites in vivo, present biodistribution characteristics different from PAMAM dendrimers in a B16 mouse tumor model system. We review important chemical and biologic uses of these nanodevices and discuss the potential of nanocomposite devices to greatly improve cancer imaging and therapy, in particular radiation therapy. We also discuss major issues confronting the use of nanoparticles in the near future, with consideration of toxicity analysis and whether biodegradable devices are needed or even desirable.
High salt intake reprioritizes osmolyte and energy metabolism for body fluid conservation (2017)

Natriuretic regulation of extracellular fluid volume homeostasis includes suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, pressure natriuresis, and reduced renal nerve activity, actions that concomitantly increase urinary Na+ excretion and lead to increased urine volume. The resulting natriuresis-driven diuretic water loss is assumed to control the extracellular volume. Here, we have demonstrated that urine concentration, and therefore regulation of water conservation, is an important control system for urine formation and extracellular volume homeostasis in mice and humans across various levels of salt intake. We observed that the renal concentration mechanism couples natriuresis with correspondent renal water reabsorption, limits natriuretic osmotic diuresis, and results in concurrent extracellular volume conservation and concentration of salt excreted into urine. This water-conserving mechanism of dietary salt excretion relies on urea transporter-driven urea recycling by the kidneys and on urea production by liver and skeletal muscle. The energy-intense nature of hepatic and extrahepatic urea osmolyte production for renal water conservation requires reprioritization of energy and substrate metabolism in liver and skeletal muscle, resulting in hepatic ketogenesis and glucocorticoid-driven muscle catabolism, which are prevented by increasing food intake. This natriuretic-ureotelic, water-conserving principle relies on metabolism-driven extracellular volume control and is regulated by concerted liver, muscle, and renal actions.