gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
<title>Predicted optical performance of the high-altitude balloon experiment telescope in an adverse thermal environment</title> (1994)

The High-Altitude Balloon Experiment telescope was designed to operate at an ambient temperature of -55 degree(s)C and an altitude of 26 km, using a precooled primary mirror. Although at this altitude the air density is only 1.4 percent of the value at sea level, the temperature gradients within the telescope are high enough to deform the optical wavefront. This problem is considerably lessened by precooling the primary mirror to -35 degree(s)C. This paper describes the application of several codes to determine the range of wavefront deformation during a mission.
Advances in the generation of transgenic pigs via embryo-derived and primordial germ cell-derived cells. (1997)

The development of new technologies that would increase the efficiency for generation of transgenic livestock and would overcome some of the problems associated with random insertion of the transgene will greatly benefit animal agriculture. A potential alternative technology to pronuclear injection for the generation of transgenic pigs involves the isolation, culture and genetic manipulation of cell lines that can be reintroduced into the embryo for participation in the formation of the germ cells. We have isolated and cultured pig primordial germ cells (PGC) while maintaining them in an undifferentiated state as determined by morphology and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity. More importantly, PGC-derived cells were stably transformed with the green fluorescent protein marker driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter. After visual identification of transgenic colonies, the pluripotential characteristics of the transgenic PGC-derived cells were tested by chimaera formation and to date we have identified, by genomic Southern blots, two chimaeric fetuses that contain tissues with the transgene incorporated into their chromosomes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a chimaeric transgenic pig fetus obtained via a cultured cell line.
The Surface Chemical Bond (1977)

Abstract Adsorbed particles can be bound chemically to the surface of a solid (chemisorption). Modern variants of electron diffraction and electron spectroscopy now enable us to gain an insight into the nature of such surface chemical bonds, which play a key role in heterogenous catalysis and many other technically important phenomena such as adhesion, lubrication etc. Predominantly localized surface bonds can be compared to the covalent bonds in cluster compounds.
Soil adsorption of urea: I. On the mechanism of adsorption of urea (1960)

Abstract Since urea itself scarcely dissociates in water solution, it has been vaguely considered that soil adsorption of urea is so little that the amount of nitrogen adsorbed is almost negligible as compared with ammonium salt. But possibly a considerable quantity of urea may be adsorbed in any other manner than the ion adsorption which occurs in the case of ammonium ion.
Conformational Characteristics of Poly(vinyl fluoride), Poly(fluoromethylene), and Poly(trifluoroethylene) (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConformational Characteristics of Poly(vinyl fluoride), Poly(fluoromethylene), and Poly(trifluoroethylene)Alan E. TonelliCite this: Macromolecules 1980, 13, 3, 734–741Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma60075a047https://doi.org/10.1021/ma60075a047research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views120Altmetric-Citations24LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Three Cases of Calcifying Pseudoneoplasm which Involve the Epidural Space of the Spine (2015)

Calcifying psuedoneoplasm of the spine is a rare non-neoplastic lesion of unknown origin. Radiologic and histologic manifestations are very variable and clinical symptoms include isolated pain, myelopathy, and radiculopathy. Surgical resection is the preferred option of treatment. This report describes three cases of calcifying pseudoneoplasm in the spine. The first case is a 77-year-old female with pain in both legs. The second case is a 67-year-old woman who presented as right leg pain. The third case is a 78-year-old woman with isolated back pain. The involved sites of each of cases were T12, L2-3, and L1, respectively. Surgical resection of the involved masses relieved symptoms.
Liposomes as immunological adjuvants in vaccines: studies with entrapped and surface-linked antigen (1986)

Conference Article| December 01 1986 Liposomes as immunological adjuvants in vaccines: studies with entrapped and surface-linked antigen DAVID DAVIS; DAVID DAVIS 1Medical Research Council Group, Academic Department of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London NW3 2QG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar ALUN DAVIES; ALUN DAVIES 1Medical Research Council Group, Academic Department of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London NW3 2QG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar GREGORY GREGORIADIS GREGORY GREGORIADIS 1Medical Research Council Group, Academic Department of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London NW3 2QG, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1986) 14 (6): 1036–1037. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0141036 Article history Received: June 11 1986 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation DAVID DAVIS, ALUN DAVIES, GREGORY GREGORIADIS; Liposomes as immunological adjuvants in vaccines: studies with entrapped and surface-linked antigen. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1986; 14 (6): 1036–1037. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0141036 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: MLV, multilamellar vesicles, DRV, dehydration-rehydration vesicles, PC, phosphatidylcholine, DMPC, dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine, DPPC, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, DLPC, dilinoleoyl phosphatidylcholine, DOPC, dioleyl phosphatidylcholine, DSPC, distearoyl phosphatidylcholine This content is only available as a PDF. © 1986 Biochemical Society1986 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
MICROCOMPUTERS IN TRANSPORTATION. TRENDS IN DIGITAL ROAD MAP DATA BASES FOR MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN TRANSPORTATION (1993)

This is a discussion of present and future trends in geographically-based information and its application to transportation systems, and how these trends are becoming evident from developments in IVHS (intelligent vehicle highway systems), navigation, and GIS (geographic information systems) programs. Digital road-map database structures are available that reduce the data storage times by two orders of magnitude compared to previous approaches. Dramatic advances are expected in the near future. These capabilites, together with navigation systems (global positioning systems, map matching, and radio location), permit users to obtain and utilize precise, geographically-based information, regardless of their location. Such approaches are useful in many applications including GIS data collection and utilization, congestion management, transit planning and scheduling, traffic data collection systems, traveler information systems, fleet management, etc.
Deliberate interactions (2010)

We present results from a qualitative study examining how professionals living and working in Nairobi, Kenya regularly use ICT in their everyday lives. There are two contributions of this work for the HCI community. First, we provide empirical evidence demonstrating constraints our participants encountered when using technology in an infrastructure-poor setting. These constraints are limited bandwidth, high costs, differing perceptions of responsiveness, and threats to physical and virtual security. Second, we use our findings to critically evaluate the "access, anytime and anywhere" construct shaping the design of future technologies. We present an alternative vision called deliberate interactions--a planned and purposeful interaction style that involves offline preparation and discuss ways ICT can support this online usage behavior.
Technique d'imagerie polarimétrique déportée par fibre optique pour la caractérisation de tissus biologiques (2009)

International audience
Observer and Data-Driven-Model-Based Fault Detection in Power Plant Coal Mills (2008)

This paper presents and compares model-based and data-driven fault detection approaches for coal mill systems. The first approach detects faults with an optimal unknown input observer developed from a simplified energy balance model. Due to the time-consuming effort in developing a first principles model with motor power as the controlled variable, data-driven methods for fault detection are also investigated. Regression models that represent normal operating conditions (NOCs) are developed with both static and dynamic principal component analysis and partial least squares methods. The residual between process measurement and the NOC model prediction is used for fault detection. A hybrid approach, where a data-driven model is employed to derive an optimal unknown input observer, is also implemented. The three methods are evaluated with case studies on coal mill data, which includes a fault caused by a blocked inlet pipe. All three approaches detect the fault as it emerges. The optimal unknown input observer approach is most robust, in that, it has no false positives. On the other hand, the data-driven approaches are more straightforward to implement, since they just require the selection of appropriate confidence limit to avoid false detection. The proposed hybrid approach is promising for systems where a first principles model is cumbersome to obtain.
Stabilizer Partitioning in Rubber-Modified Systems (1989)

Additives in rubber-modified systems partition between the elastomeric phase and the thermoplastic phase. Because the rate and mechanism of oxidation of each phase differ, the actual concentration of stabilizer in the elastomeric and thermoplastic phases can be an important factor influencing overall polymer stability. The partitioning behavior of various antioxidants in model two-phase systems was studied by electron microscopy by using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Antioxidants used in the study included thiodipropionates, phosphites, and a phenolic antioxidant. Highly alkylated additives partitioned preferentially into the polybutadiene phase when the elastomer was dispersed in styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer. Effects of composition and relative solubility measurements of additives in polybutadiene and thermoplastics are described. The effects of matrix-phase composition on oxidative stability as determined by oxygen uptake and dynamic scanning calorimetry are shown to correlate with partitioning behavior.
Salt stress aVects xylem diVerentiation of grey poplar (Populus £ canescens) (2009)

In this study the impact of salt stress on the physiology and wood structure of the salt-sensitive Populus £ canescens was investigated. Two weeks of salt stress altered wood anatomy signiWcantly. The xylem diVerentiation zone was reduced and the resulting vessels exhibited reduced lumina. To understand this phenomenon, ion composition, levels of corresponding transcripts and of the stress hormone ABA were analysed. With increasing sodium and chloride concentrations, a general reduction of potassium was found in roots and shoots, but not in leaves. Consequently, the corresponding K + channel transcripts in roots favoured K + release. The overall osmolarity in leaves was up to fourfold higher than in roots or shoots. Therefore, adjustment of the K + /Na + balance seemed not to be required in leaves. Sodium increased gradually from roots to shoots and then to leaves indicating that sodium storage took place Wrst in roots, then in shoots, and Wnally in leaves to protect photosynthesis from salt eVects as long as possible. Since leaf abscisic acid levels markedly increased, stomatal clo- sure seemed to limit CO 2 uptake. As a consequence, dimin- ished nutrient supply to the cambium in combination with lowered shoot K + content led to decreased vessel lumina, and a reduction of the radial cambium was observed. Thus, xylem diVerentiation was curtailed and the development of full size vessels was impaired.
INFLUENCE OF FULLERENE C<sub>60</sub> ADDUCT WITH THREONINE ON PRODUCTIVITY, ELEMENTAL AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WHEAT IN DROUGHT CONDITIONS (2018)

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
On the Ionization Equilibrium in High-temperature Plasmas (1981)

A comparison is made between measured and calculated distribution of ionization stages in high-temperature low- (Tokamak) and high-density (laser produced) plasmas. The relative abundances of ionization species were derived from the dielectronic satellite spectra of Fe XXV-XVIII in the region λ = 1.85-1.95 Å. New calculations for ionization balance included effects of autoionization accompanied by excitation of doubly-excited states of recombining ion and density-dependence of the dielectronic recombination rate were carried out. The results differ considerably from those of previous calculations which took into account these effects (Jacobs et al. [25]) as well as earlier ones made by Jordan [19]. There is a satisfactory agreement between the experimental ion concentration measured in laser plasmas and that predicted for the electron temperature Te = 1.3 × 107 K, ionization temperature Tz = 7.6 × 106 K and density Ne ≈ 1021-22 cm-1; transient or "quasi-steady-state" conditions are observed (Te ≠ Tz). In the low-density Tokamak plasma obtained by Hill et al. [5] an ionization equilibrium was found to exist at the ionization temperature Tz = Te.
A Lower Bound on the Expected Distortion of Joint Source-Channel Coding (2019)

We consider the classic joint source-channel coding problem of transmitting a memoryless source over a memoryless channel. The focus of this work is on the rate of convergence of the smallest attainable expected distortion to its asymptotic value, as a function of blocklength n. Our main result is that in general the convergence rate is not faster than n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1/2</sup> . In particular, we show that for the problem of transmitting i.i.d uniform bits over a binary symmetric channels with Hamming distortion, the smallest attainable distortion (bit error rate) is at least Ω(n <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-1/2</sup> ) above the asymptotic value, if the "bandwidth expansion ratio" is above 1.
The changing patterns of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors in the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2016 (2018)

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; and Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
Thermal behavior of simulated chips during power-off transient period (2004)

Experiments are conducted to study the heat transfer characteristics from an array of 4/spl times/1 flush mounted simulated electronic chips using water as the working fluid in a vertical up-flow rectangular channel. The data covers a range of laminar flow data with Reynolds number based on heat source length ranging from 1050 to 2625 for an inlet water temperature of about 23/spl deg/C. The applied uniform heat fluxes to the chips are 2, 4, 6 and 8 W/cm/sup 2/. Steady state results are obtained to ensure that the test rig is in good working condition. Experiments are then extended to study the transient heat transfer regime for 75 s after the heater power is cut-off, keeping the coolant pump power on. The effects of heat flux, coolant flow rates and geometric parameters such as chip numbers are investigated. Finally, the correlation equations are presented for individual chips as well as for overall data in the transient regime.
The Role of Laparoscopy in the Management of Penetrating Trauma (1996)

To ascertain the need for operative intervention is the key management issue in stable patients with penetrating abdominal trauma. This article addresses the role of laparoscopy in refining the indications for celiotomy, especially in wounds of the intrathoracic abdomen and those with doubtful peritoneal violation. Technical considerations, possible future uses, and cost also are discussed.
Endometrial expression of epithelial neutrophil-activating peptide-78 during the menstrual cycle or in progestin-only contraceptive users with breakthrough bleeding and the influence of doxycycline therapy (2006)

The endometrial production of ENA-78 is altered in progestin-only contraceptive users experiencing breakthrough bleeding and is regulated by MPA and TNF-alpha in ESCs. Although Dox therapy did not alter uterine ENA-78 secretion, its suppression in ESCs suggests that Dox, acting site-specifically and through an anti-inflammatory mechanism, may influence the outcome of breakthrough bleeding in contraceptive users.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Homoallylic Alcohols with NaIO<sub>4</sub>/NaHSO<sub>3</sub> Reagent—Synthesis of Alkyl‐Substituted Tetrahydrofuran Derivatives. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
From foxglove to the heart: classification and mode of action of inotropic agents (1984)

The pharmacological identification of positive and negative inotropic agents requires only classical and simple experimental methods. However, the haemodynamic effects of such agents cannot easily be predicted from the response of an isolated heart preparation. This is not only due to the role played by vascular effects in the resulting cardiac output, but also because heart failure which represents the main therapeutic indication of inotropic agents, is a complex pathophysiological situation that can be caused by various diseases and also by drug intoxications. In this report, I would like to examine some of the factors encountered in heart failure with the purpose to illustrate the concept that heart failure is the obvious manifestation of different alterations. Then, I will briefly review the most important classes of drugs (β agonists and cardiac glycosides), and discuss the properties of endogenous factors that could play a role in physiological and pathological situations.
Development of Nanogel-based Nasal Vaccine against Pneumonia (2020)

Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) cause pneumococcal disease in children and adults all over the world. Although there are vaccines comprising several pneumococcal polysaccharides in clinical use, they cannot cover the broad protections. Recently we established the cationic nanogel-based nasal vaccine against Pneumonia using a recombinant protein of pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA). We have designed three PspA chimeric antigens for trivalent vaccine and combined them with a cationic nanogel, a novel drug delivery system which adhere to the epithelial layer of the nasal cavity after nasal immunization and elicit the effective immunity by sustained antigen release. Indeed, the PspA nanogel vaccine induced not only the antigen-specific IgG in the body but also the antigen-specific secretory IgA (SIgA) at the mucosal surfaces such as nasal cavity where the entrance of pathogens. Both induced antigen-specific IgG and SIgA could bind to various serotypes of S. pneumoniae, indicating that these antibodies have neutralizing activity against broad types of S. pneumoniae. Moreover, the vaccinated mice were protected from infections by a several types of S. pneumoniae, and the nasal vaccine exhibited protective efficacy in some strains which cannot be covered by the current vaccines. Thus, our findings demonstrated the nasally administered PspA nanogel vaccine effectively elicit a protective immunity and provide a broad protection against S. pneumoniae infections.
The first shell formation in meniscus free casting (1999)

The meniscus free casting technology was jointly developed by CRM (Centre de Recherches Métallurgiques) and Irsid (Central Research Laboratory of Usinor) in order to significantly improve the surface and subsurface quality of continuously cast long products. This technology realizes a shifting of the meniscus zone upstream of the solidification area by means of a refractory feed‐head located above the mould. In this way, the hydrodynamical perturbations of the meniscus and the meniscus shape do not affect anymore the shell solidification. An important part of the development work was dedicated to the understanding of the solidification mechanisms at the very top of the mould, where the first solidified shell is formed. For that purpose, EMN (Ecole des Mines de Nancy) and Irsid have developed a physical and numerical model of the shell solidification in the new concept. This model takes into account the relative motion between the mould and the product together with two stages of solidification: static near the upper edge of the copper mould and dynamic at the contact of the skin of the cast product. During the casting trials realized at CRM and Irsid, the temperature of the copper on the first 50 mm of the mould and the heat flux extracted were recorded. These values were used to determine the boundary conditions entered into the model. The model calculates the location of the isotherms and the iso‐fraction of solid along the mould wall at each moment of the oscillation cycle. It can predict whether or not the skin is sufficiently solid at the end of the negative strip to be extracted without any damage. When the casting speed increases, the resistance of the skin decreases. In order to alleviate this effect, the influence of the oscillation parameters was studied during continuous casting trials. Sinusoidal and non‐sinusoidal oscillation cycles were investigated. A triangular cycle brings good surface quality for the high carbon grades while a sinusoidal cycle is better suited to the casting of the peritectic and low carbon steel grades. These results are discussed and a guide for the choice of the best oscillation parameters is provided.