gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Reproducibility Study of Technetium‐99m Macroaggregated Albumin Foot Perfusion Imaging in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (1995)

The reproducibility of Technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) foot perfusion imaging was assessed in 14 diabetic patients with foot ulcers. Bilateral femoral intra-arterial injections of 99mTc-MAA were administered and the feet imaged with a gamma camera. Patients returned 1 week later for a repeat study. The scans of 10 patients including one unilateral amputee were evaluated. Of these 19 limbs there were 4 failed injections (21%). The remaining 15 completed repeat studies were analysed both subjectively and semiquantitatively by 2 different observers who were blind to the patient's name and scan date. Subjectively the images of each individual were similar with reports highlighting the same abnormalities. Semiquantitatively areas of increased uptake on both images were significantly correlated for each individual (Pearson's Rho correlation coefficient = 0.96, r2 = 0.92, p < 0.0001) as were areas of poor uptake reported, reflecting decreased tissue perfusion (Pearson's Rho = 0.93, r2 = 0.86, p < 0.0001). There were no side-effects. 99mTc-MAA has proven to be a safe, generally acceptable, and reproducible technique for assessing tissue perfusion in the extremities which provides an accurate means of differentiating viable from non-viable tissue in patients with foot ulcers.
Preparation of dodecylamine and 6‐aminohexanoic acid from petroselinic acid (1962)

Abstract A procedure is given for the ozonization of petroselinic acid, chemical reduction of the ozonides to aldehydes, formation of oximes, and catalytic hydrogenation of the oximes using Raney nickel in the presence of ammonia, to yield 48% dodecylamine and 44% 6‐aminohexanoic acid calculated on the amounts theoretically available from the wt of petroselinic acid. The ultimate analyses, melting points, and distribution coefficients between ethyl ether and water of lauraldehyde and adipaldehydic acid oximes were determined. The infrared spectra of lauraldehyde oxime, adipaldehydic acid oxime, and 6‐aminohexanoic acid are given and interpreted.
Ranavirosis in Invasive Bullfrogs, Belgium (2011)

low (10), our fi ndings support the use of preventive hygiene measures (4) to minimize zoonotic risk when handling roe deer. The 2 MLVAtyped strains provided no evidence for spillover of the predominant strain involved in the Q fever epidemic in the Netherlands. More studies are required to adequately understand Q fever cycles in wildlife and their relationship with Q fever in domestic animals and humans.
Tolerance analysis of cascaded self-electro-optic-effect-device arrays (1994)

In constructing symmetric self-electro-optic-effect-device-based, two-dimensional information processing circuits, it is necessary to know the nonuniformity that can be tolerated of the reflectivity responses of the arrays of devices. It is also necessary to know the allowable nonuniformity of the passive optical components used to direct beam arrays onto and between the active symmetric self-electro-optic-effect devices. A method for determining the mutual tolerances is presented with examples of the volumes of acceptable operation in the parameter space of the circuits. Leakage between devices is considered, which leads to acceptable regimes for those parameters that can be adjusted once the circuit has been constructed and to narrower regimes in which high clock and cycle rates can be achieved.
Energy efficient radio range allocation in ad hoc wireless sensor networks (2007)

In ad hoc wireless sensor networks, energy use is in many cases the most important constraint since it corresponds directly to operational lifetime. The lifetimes can be extended by topology management schemes, such as GAF, Leach and SPAN that put the redundant nodes for routing to sleep in order to save the energy, and by optimizing each node's radio range as this determines the number of neighboring nodes that collaborate to forward data to a base station or sink. In this paper we modify the network simulation tool NS2 to accommodate nodes with different transmission ranges, and develop simulation and energy models of such topology management schemes for three simple linear wireless sensor networks. Our detailed packet-level simulations show that if the radio range is optimized then the network lifetime can be improved by 40% and 60% respectively compared with the best case where equal radio range and commercial off the shelf (COTS) systems are used.
Chlamydia pneumoniae Infection and Incident Coronary Heart Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (1999)

Pathologic findings and cross-sectional epidemiologic studies suggest that past infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae is associated with clinical and subclinical atherosclerotic disease, although evidence from prospective studies is still scarce. The association between chronic infection by C. pneumoniae and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) was investigated in a case-cohort study conducted among participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study who were free of CHD at the baseline examination (1986-1989). Levels of C. pneumoniae immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in serum collected at baseline from 246 incident cases of CHD identified during follow-up (median, 3.3 years; maximum, 5 years) were compared with those from a stratified sample of the baseline cohort (n = 550). Among incident CHD cases, 65% had IgG antibody titers > or =1:64, compared with 55% of noncases (compared with negative IgG titers, the relative hazard of CHD was 1.6 (p < 0.01)). In multivariate analyses controlling for other risk factors (age, gender, smoking, serum cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and educational level), the above estimates were substantially reduced and became statistically nonsignificant (relative hazard = 1.2). A significantly increased CHD hazard associated with IgG antibody titers > or =1:64 was observed among nonsmokers, even after adjustment for other risk factors. Overall, these results do not provide strong support for the hypothesis that C. pneumoniae infection is a risk factor for clinical CHD. Studies with longer follow-up periods will be necessary to determine whether C. pneumoniae infection is involved as an etiologic factor in earlier phases of atherogenesis.
The kinetics of the homogeneous gaseous oxidation of sulphur dioxide (1966)

Abstract Studies of the gaseous oxidation of sulphur dioxide show that in the absence of added catalysts an apparently homogeneous reaction can be observed only over a rather narrow temperature range (900 to 1050°C). On the basis of the dependence of the rate of this reaction on the concentration of the reactants and of the value of the activation energy (75 kcal/mole), a tentative reaction mechanism is proposed which involves initially the collisional activation of sulphur dioxide. In the presence of nitric oxide, reaction takes place at an appreciable rate at temperatures as low as 400°C. The catalysed reaction is essentially homogeneous and its rate is unaffected by nitrogen and water vapour. At fairly high concentrations of nitric oxide, the rate is approximately proportional to the square of the catalyst concentration and to the first power of the oxygen concentration, but is almost independent of the concentration of sulphur dioxide and of temperature. In the presence of lower concentrations of the additive, the rate is approximately proportional to the first power of both the nitric oxide and oxygen concentrations, increases slightly with the sulphur dioxide concentration, and is appreciably dependent on temperature. The observed kinetic relationships can be satisfactorily explained in terms of a mechanism involving the interaction of sulphur dioxide with the species, NO2 and NO3, the relative contribution of the two reactions: NO2 + SO2 = NO + SO3 and NO3 + SO2 = NO2 + SO3 varying with the concentrations of the reactants and with temperature.
A self-complementary PICA for UWB applications (2015)

We propose a novel and compact ultra wideband self-complementary Planar Inverted Cone Antenna (PICA) with slightly greater than hemispherical coverage, low return loss (below -10 dB) and low group delay (below 2 ns) over the frequency range from 3.1-10.6 GHz.
Uncertainty of the Cosmic Background Explorer quadrupole detection (1993)

The uncertainty of the quadrupole component of cosmic microwave background (CMB) heterogeneity estimated from Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) data is sensitive to assumptions about other multipoles. Smoot et al. (1992) and Bennett et al. (1992) implicitly assume that multipoles of degree l > 2 vanish. Higher order multipoles can "alias" into least- squares estimates of the quadrupole. If CMB heterogeneity is Gaussian with a power-law spectrum of index n, normalized to a quadrupole value Q_rms-PS_, aliasing effectively contributes to each quadrupole component a zero-mean Gaussian noise whose variance depends on n, Q_rms-PS_, and the spatial distribution of data. Gould's (1993) approach to adjusting COBE quadrupole estimates for the expected contribution of instrument noise can be used to adjust for such "aliasing noise" as well. If n = 1 and Q_rms-PS_ = 16, the adjusted estimate using 53 GHz data from Galactic latitudes |b| > 20^deg^ is 2.4 +/- 5.5 microK, and the adjusted estimate using "combination" data from Galactic latitudes |b| > 10^deg^ is 9.3 +/- 3.8 microK. If n = 1.5 and Q_rms-PS_ = 20, the adjusted "combination" estimate becomes 8.3 +/- 4.2 microK. These uncertainties neglect systematic errors, errors in the estimated kinematic quadrupole, covariance among the quadrupole components, and covariance of the aliasing effect. In 530 of 1000 simulations with Q_rms_ = 0, n = 1.5, Q_rms-PS_ = 20, and |b| > 10^deg^, the inferred rms quadrupole exceeds Gould's (1993) corresponding adjusted "combination" estimate less twice its standard deviation. In 910 of 1000 simulations with n = 1.5, Q_rms-PS_ = 20 microK, and |b| > 20^deg^, the inferred rms quadrupole exceeds Gould's adjusted 53 GHz estimate less twice its standard deviation. Most of the strength of the 10^deg^ "combination map" detection is due to components Q_2_ and Q_3_: they are large, have relatively low noise, and suffer least from aliasing. The reliability of the COBE detection depends on the true spectrum of CMB heterogeneity, and on how well the combination map suppresses Galactic structure in the range 10^deg^ <= |b| <= 20^deg^.
Auditory-filter shapes at three test frequencies with a burst and a fringed notched-noise masker (1989)

The shapes of the auditory filters centered at 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 kHz were determined using Patterson's notched-noise method, but with the onset of the tonal signal delayed either 1 ms (burst condition), or 350 ms (fringed condition) after the onset of the masking noise. The masking noise ranged from 0.1–10.0 kHz, and its spectrum level was 24 dB. All waveforms were gated with a rise/fall time of 10 ms, and the offset of the signal always preceded the offset of the noise by 2 ms. Although there were individual differences across listeners, for all six of them, the filters at the three test frequencies were narrower in the fringed than in the burst condition. In general, the differences in the filter shapes in the two conditions increased as the signal frequency increased. In accord with unpublished work of R. Carlyon, the narrowing process was complete with signal delays of 50–100 ms and was observed for signal durations of 25 and 50 ms, but not for a signal duration of 200 ms. Possible underlying mechanisms will be discussed. [Work supported by NINCDS.]
The equilibrium fraction of bridging chains and the swelling behavior of ABA triblock copolymer mesophases (1998)

The physical cross-linked network due to B blocks bridging different A domains of a microphase separated melt formed by an ABA copolymer in the strong-segregation limit is examined. The system is considered to consist of swollen elements of the same size, each containing an A domain and a B layer anchored to the A domain as loops or bridges. A lattice model and a generator-matrix method are employed to calculate the equilibrium fraction of the bridging B chains of the ABA mesophase and the equilibrium swelling concentration of the B layer in a selective solvent for the planar, cylindrical and spherical A domain structures. The effects of chain length and of two-dimensional surface density of the AB joints are discussed. The equilibrium fraction of the bridging chains as a function of chain stiffness and the equilibrium swelling concentration as a function of the fraction of bridging chains and of the interaction parameter are calculated. In addition, the segment density distributions of both loop and bridging chains for both the pure ABA and the swollen ABA mesophases are provided.
Comparative analysis of conventional PCR and real-time PCR to diagnose shrimp WSD (2013)

The aims of this study were to standard and optimize a qPCR protocol with FAM-BHQ1 probe, and to compare its sensitivity against TaqMan qPCR and PCR methods to diagnose shrimp WSD. The FAM-BHQ1 qPCR presented higher clinical sensitivity and showed to be a robust alternative to detect WSSV in clinical samples.
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF POLYMER DIFFUSION IN CONCENTRATED SOLUTION: IMPLICATIONS FOR DIFFUSION IN POLYMERIZATION (1983)

Abstract The Trommsdorf or gel effect in free radical polymerization is due to the fact that the termination reaction becomes strongly diffusion controlled above a critical concentration associated with the onset of molecular entanglements. Therefore, an understanding of polymer self-diffusion in entangled systems becomes essential to understanding the Trommsdorf effect. Our group has previously proposed a molecular model for the gel effect which uses a specific theory for polymer diffusion (reptution). The present work represents an experimental attack on the same problem Experimental studies of polymer self-diffusion in entangled systems are scarce. Quasielastic light scattering from ternary systems composed of solvent(l)-polymer(2)-polymer(3), in which species (3) is isorefractive to the solvent (i.e. 0n/0c 3 = 0), offers an attractive way to study the tracer diffusion coefficient of species (2) in a binary mixture of composition c 3. In regimes of low momentum transfer (qR G < 1,) where q is the scattered wave vector and R G is the polymer radius of gyration, we have shown that the correlation function of the scattered electric field should decay with a single exponential decay time, given by (D22 q 2)−1 where D 22(c 2, c 3) is the main ternary diffusion coefficient of component (2). Extrapolation to zero concentration of 2) at fixed concentration of (3) yields the tracer diffusion coefficient of (2) in the binary mixture of (1) and (3). The systems toluene(l)-polystyrene(2)-polymethylmethacrylate(3) (0n/0c 3 ≈ 0.007 at 25°C) and toluene(l)-polystyrene(2)-polyvinylmethylether (3) (0n/0c 3 ≈ 0.012 at 60°C) very nearly satisfy the above criteria. In both systems, we have found that the tracer diffusion coefficient of the polystyrene decreases with increasing concentration of the isorefractive polymer. Further studies have focused upon the dependence of the tracer diffusion coefficient upon polystyrene molecular weight, and upon the effect of incomplete index matching.
Efficient Semi-Analytical Methodology for the Pre-Design Analysis of the Shock Response of Marine Structures (2013)

We introduce a robust and computationally efficient methodology for numerical simulation of shock-structure interaction. The methodology is based on the use of some of the classical methods of mathematical physics, with the subsequent coupling between the fluid dynamics and structural parts using the finite-difference methodology. In order to demonstrate the versatility of the approach, we apply it to two rather different practically important problems of the interaction between shock waves and submerged cylindrical structures, aiming at providing insights that would be useful to engineers at the pre-design stage. We first consider a submerged cylindrical shell subjected to two consecutive shock waves, and analyze the effect of such loading in the context of both hydrodynamic fields and the structural stresses it induces. The most important result of this analysis is the observation, for certain values of the distance between the wavefronts, of a very significant increase of the maximum stress observed in the structure. Then, we consider a submerged cylindrical shell subjected to a single shock wave, but employ a more advanced shell theory than the one traditionally used, namely, the Reissner-Mindlin theory instead of the Kirchhoff-Love one. We demonstrate that such an advancement of the model not only leads to a very significant improvement of the accuracy of the respective simulations, but also allows for modeling relatively thick shells.
Electrical Insulating Gases: Hexafluoroethane and Octafluorocyclobutane (1964)

Properties of these gases are discussed with particular reference to their applicability as dielectrics. Physical properties — boiling point (dew point), freezing point, critical temperature, critical pressure, specific heat, thermal conductivity, viscosity, density — and natural convective heat transfer characteristics are discussed. Data on dielectric strength and corona inception voltages as determined in various field configurations and at various gas pressures are presented. Results of tests on the thermal stability of these gases in the presence of various materials of construction used in electrical apparatus are reported.
Extraspinal Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumors as a Cause of Sciatica (1999)

A high index of clinical suspicion is the key to early diagnosis of bone or soft-tissue tumors as a cause of sciatica; special attention should be given to pain pattern, physical examination of the entire course of the sciatic nerve, and selection of proper imaging studies. Routine anteroposterior plain radiography of the pelvis as part of the initial imaging screening process is recommended.
Central Chile: An example of quasi‐static crustal behavior (1997)

Abstract Indications of transient crustal displacement associated with the 3 March 1985, M, = 7.8, Central Chile earthquake are evidenced by various observational devices. Almost half a meter of coastal uplift at localities close to the epicentral region was detected by repeated leveling lines. A tide gauge at Valparaiso revealed minor coseismic coastal subsidence (∼ 10 cm) continuously developing after the earthquake. Two limnigraphs, 27 km apart, that were situated at the extremes of Rapel Lake to the south of the leveling line, have recorded continuously the equipotential lake level for more than 10 years, providing a permanent very‐long‐base tiltmeter. The water level difference at the two limnigraphs as a function of time resembles a ramp function, beginning approximately at the time of the earthquake occurrence and gradually developing over a period of 10 months with a maximum amplitude of 120 mm or 4.4 p radians in tilt. The shape of the time‐dependent tilt is mimicked by the sea level signal recorded at Valparaiso, ∼ 100 km away from Rapel Lake, showing a maximum coastal subsidence of 0.6 m. Comparisons of sea level changes produced by the 1971, M, = 7.5, earthquake indicates that they represent rupture in different portions along the seismogenetic region as well as a different rupture mode. Gravity surveys carried out in three different pre‐ and post‐seismic epochs, along the segment of the leveling line which shows major coseismic uplift, indicate that the whole region has subsided, post‐seismically, 10 em in 5 years. These observations are interpreted in terms of a variable slip dislocation model. Inversions show that it is the more than 2 m of fault displacement in 10 months of post‐seismic movement along the contact between the Nazca and South America plates, which is interpreted to be responsible for the time‐dependent elevation changes.
Kinetic and equilibrium studies of bi- and tridentate chelate ring-opening reactions of metal carbonyl complexes (1974)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTKinetic and equilibrium studies of bi- and tridentate chelate ring-opening reactions of metal carbonyl complexesWilliam J. Knebel and Robert J. AngeliciCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1974, 13, 3, 632–637Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1974Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1974https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50133a025https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50133a025research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views95Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Arterial and venular endothelial cell costimulation of cytokine secretion by human T cell clones (1998)

Vascular endothelial cell (EC) costimulation of cytokine secretion by T lymphocytes may be important in inflammation and allograft rejection. Venous and arterial iliac endothelial cells (VIEC, AIEC) both costimulate interleukin-2 (IL-2) production by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) or T cell clones stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production is costimulated in a subset of clones but IL-4 is not. Surprisingly, two T cell clones were reciprocally better costimulated by VIEC or AIEC. EC activation by pretreatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) does not increase T cell costimulation despite large increases in EC cell adhesion molecule expression. Neither VIEC nor AIEC express CTLA4-binding molecules and costimulation is blocked by cyclosporin A, suggesting that CD28 is not involved in EC costimulation of T cells. These data suggest that adult vascular EC costimulate production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma but not IL-4 by mature T cells, that EC costimulation is not increased in inflamed tissues, and that different EC optimally costimulate particular T cells. These findings have implications for the nature of the costimulatory signal(s) provided by EC and may be important in understanding vasculitis or atherosclerosis.
[On the enzymatics of the microbial breakdown of pyrazone (author's transl)]. (1976)

From samples of earth taken in different parts of the world bacteria were isolated which grow on pyrazone as the only source of carbon. When these bacteria are grown in a pyrazone mineral salt medium, four compounds are excreted into the medium. The structures of these compounds furnish information on the catabolic route of pyrazone. Since the suggested scheme of breakdown was incomplete, enzymatic tests were carried out to clarify the matter. It was possible to carry out the first steps of breakdown also in the cell-free extract of the pyrazone-degrading bacteria. For the second step of pyrazone breakdown, 2 different enzymes of the same catalytic activity were identified. For the oxidative cleavage of the pyrocatechole derivative 2 different enzymes were found: an ortho- and a meta-clearing enzyme. The 2-hydroxy muconic acid decarboxylase was identified as a further enzyme. The importance of this enzyme is discussed in connection with the further breakdown.