gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of chronic exposure to lead on estrogen action in the prepubertal rat uterus (2003)

Lead is a widely spread environmental pollutant known to affect both male and female reproductive systems in humans and in experimental animals. The present study investigated the effect of a chronic exposure to lead on different parameters of estrogen stimulation in the uteri of prepubertal rats. Chronic exposure to lead enhanced some parameters of estrogen stimulation, inhibited other estrogenic responses, while the remainder were unaltered. Estrogen-induced uterine eosinophilia (24 h), the proportion of uterine eosinophils in the mesometrium (6 h), and luminal epithelial hypertrophy and RNA content (24 h) appeared to be enhanced by lead exposure, compared to lead-unexposed control animals. Eosinophilia in the endometrium (6 h), the proportion of uterine eosinophils in the endometrium (6 and 24 h), edema in superficial and deep endometria (6 h), luminal epithelial hypertrophy (6 h), and mitotic response (cell proliferation) in all uterine cell types were inhibited by lead exposure, whereas circular myometrial hypertrophy was not significantly modified. The effects of lead exposure on responses to estrogen found in this study showed some differences with those previously reported for acute or subacute exposure to lead. The results revealed an interaction with the different mechanisms of estrogen action in the uterus at various levels, suggesting that some uterine cell types are more sensitive to lead than others. The relevance of the results for lead-induced infertility is discussed in this article, and possible mechanisms of action are proposed.
Dual mode nonlinear model based predictive control with guaranteed stability (2014)

This paper proposes a Nonlinear Model based Predictive Control (NMPC), with guaranteed stability using a dual mode Model based Predictive Control approach with a PI controller inside a terminal region. Within the formulation of this control strategy, a terminal region (Ω) and an attraction domain are calculated using invariant sets theory and a randomized Montecarlo type algorithm. In addition, this proposal is complemented with a commutation strategy to constrain final control elements smoothing controllers commutation. This Dual Mode NMPC multivariable control is implemented by simulation over a Continuous Stirred Reactor Tank and comparing Dual Mode NMPC with a conventional NMPC multivariable and with two PI controllers. Finally, this article concludes that the NMPC for dual mode is the control strategy that in addition to having stability guaranteed, presents a better performance.
Metal Complexes with Sulphur Donor Ligands. Part-IV. Some Mixed Xanthate Complexes of Nickel(ll) with N-Donor Ligands (1985)

Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul-Iraq <em>Manuscript received 2 April 1985, accepted 31 July 1985</em> Some new mixed ligand complexes of nickel(II) having the compositions Ni(RXan)<sub>2</sub> Ni(RXan)<sub>2</sub>, L<sub>2</sub> and Ni(RXan)<sub>2</sub> L', where RXan -2-methoxyethylxanthate and 2-ethoxy­ethyl xanthate ; L pyridine, <em>β</em>-picoline, \(\gamma\) picoline, 3,5-lutidine, 3,5-dichloropyridine or isoquinoline ; and L' -1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2'-iminodipyridine or 2,2'-dipyridyl have been synthesised and characterised on the basis of elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibi­lity, infrared and electronic spectral studies. The free base complexes are diamagnetic, while the base adducts and the tris(xanthato) complexes are paramagnetic with distorted octahedral structures. Relevant ligand field parameters have been calculated for the six-coordinated complexes.
Fully-Reversible "Moving Fiber" Switch Permits Enhanced Applications (1988)

Fiber optic switches which use the "moving fiber" principle to obtain low insertion loss and mode independence are discussed. Because the precisely-cleaved endfaces of the fibers are accurately aligned in close proximity, most of the modes can be transferred, and losses kept to a minimum (typically 0.6 dB). Due to the mature technology of electromechanical relays, and the low inertia associated with moving fibers instead of moving mirrors, prisms, or lenses, the switches are very reliable. Both bypass and fully-reversible versions will be discussed. The loopback capability of the fully-reversible switch makes possible an extended range of applications, including dual attachment station bypass and self-healing ring "wrap around".
Someone else’s chain, someone else’s road: U.S. military strategy, China’s Belt and Road Initiative, and island agency in the Pacific (2019)

The islands of the western Pacific have increasingly been portrayed by policymakers, military strategists, journalists, and scholars as places caught between a rising China and traditional powers such as the United States and their allies. In this article, however, we aim to challenge the geopolitical view of islands as ‘falling’ into the sphere of influence of one power or another. Specifically, we use an approach informed by assemblage theory to highlight the ways that islands in the Pacific simultaneously engage with multiple powers and their associated political, economic, and social influences. To ground our argument, we discuss two ‘great power’ schemes that aim to bring islands in the region into specific relational configurations: U.S. ‘littoral defense lines’ and China’s Belt Road Initiative. We also include a brief case study of Chinese tourism investment in Yap Island (Wa‘ab) in the Federated States of Micronesia (which is a state in ‘free association’ with the U.S.). Through these examples, we show how influence in the island Pacific is not a zero-sum game between foreign powers vying for hegemony. Instead, from an island perspective, residents and policymakers are attempting to weave together and navigate multiple foreign influences in ways that frustrate colonial and neocolonial logics of international relations.
The Photooxidative Degradation of Polypropylene. Part I. Photooxidation and Photoinitiation Processes (1976)

Abstract All unstabilized organic polymers are degraded upon exposure to terrestrial sunlight in the presence of oxygen. However, the rates of photooxidative deterioration vary enormously with polymer structure, and range from a few months outdoor lifetime for polypropylene (PPH) and poly(l,3-phenylene isophthalamide) up to several years for poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(methyl methylacrylate), and poly-(tetrafluoroethylene). Despite its high photosensitivity, PPH is now widely exploited in the form of films, fibers, and moldings. Current PPH capacity in the United States is rated at ∼1.2 × 106 metric tons, of which −30% is used as thin films and fibers [1].
All-in-One: Achieving Robust, Strongly Luminescent and Highly Dispersible Hybrid Materials by Combining Ionic and Coordinate Bonds in Molecular Crystals (2017)

Extensive research has been pursued to develop low-cost and high-performance functional inorganic-organic hybrid materials for clean/renewable energy related applications. While great progress has been made in the recent years, some key challenges remain to be tackled. One major issue is the generally poor stability of these materials, which originates from relatively fragile/weak bonds between inorganic and organic constituents. Herein, we report a unique "all-in-one" (AIO) approach in constructing robust structures with desired properties. Such approach allows formation of both ionic and coordinate bonds within a molecular cluster, which greatly enhances structural stability while maintaining the molecular identity of the cluster and its high luminescence. The novel AIO structures are composed of various anionic (Cu<sub>m</sub>I<sub>m+n</sub>)<sup>n-</sup> clusters and cationic N-ligands. They exhibit high luminescence efficiency, significantly improved chemical, thermal and moisture stability, and excellent solution processability. Both temperature dependent photoluminescence experiments and DFT calculations are performed to investigate the luminescence origin and emission mechanism of these materials, and their suitability as energy-saving LED lighting phosphors is assessed. This study offers a new material designing strategy that may be generalized to many other material classes.
Sequential Postsynaptic Maturation Governs the Temporal Order of GABAergic and Glutamatergic Synaptogenesis in Rat Embryonic Cultures (2007)

Sequential formation of GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses is thought to be crucial for constructing the stereotypic neural networks during brain development. However, why GABAergic synapses are formed earlier than glutamatergic synapses in the developing brain is not well understood. We used electrophysiology and fluorescence imaging to study GABAergic and glutamatergic synaptogenesis in embryonic hypothalamic cultures, which contain approximately 40% GABAergic and approximately 60% glutamatergic neurons. The newly dissociated embryonic hypothalamic neurons contained a significant pool of functional GABA(A) receptors but a very low level of glutamate receptors. Within the first week of culture, the time course of GABAergic synaptogenesis in embryonic neurons coincided with that of presynaptic vesicle cycling, but both measurements lagged behind the detection of functional GABA(A) receptors. Remarkably, the GABA(A) receptors of newly dissociated embryonic neurons can be rapidly clustered into postsynaptic apparatus and generate functional synaptic currents within 4-6 h when cocultured with mature neurons. Consistent with earlier expression of GABA(A) receptors in immature neurons, synaptic GABAergic events were always detected before the onset of glutamatergic events in both purely embryonic and heterochronic cultures. Interestingly, overexpression of glutamate receptors in embryonic neurons not only increased whole-cell glutamate currents but also significantly increased the frequency of excitatory synaptic events. We conclude that the sequential formation of GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses in immature neurons is likely governed by a sequential expression of GABA(A) and glutamate receptors during neuronal development.
Association between Secreted Phosphoprotein-1 (SPP1) Polymorphisms and Low Bone Mineral Density in Women (2014)

SPP1 htSNP protected against low BMD in middle-aged women. SPP1 genetic markers may be important for the prediction of osteoporosis at an early age.
Functionalized Polylactides:  Preparation and Characterization of [<scp>l</scp>]-Lactide-<i>co</i>-Pentofuranose (2002)

The new monomer 1,2-O-isopropylidene-3-benzyloxy-pentofuranose-4,4'-cyclic carbonate (IPPTC) was prepared. IPPTC has both a ketal-protected diol and a benzyl ether-protected hydroxyl. Thus, these two sets of hydroxyl groups can be independently deprotected to give IPPTC repeat units with one, two, or three free hydroxyl groups. Stannous octanoate at 130 °C was used for the copolymerization of [l]-LA with IPPTC. When fLA/fIPPTC was 91/9, the percent yield, Mn, and percent incorporation of IPPTC units were 78%, 77 800 g/mol, and 4 mol %, respectively. By the method of Fineman and Ross, the [l]-LA and IPPTC comonomer reactivity ratios were 8.6 and 0.51, respectively. Relative to poly([l]-LA), incorporation of IPPTC units into [l]-LA/IPPTC copolymers gave products that are lower melting (112 °C, 14 mol % IPPTC) and have higher thermal stabilities and higher glass transition temperatures (69 °C, 100 mol % IPPTC). The liberation of hydroxyl pendant groups by the selective removal of the benzyl ether, the ketal groups, or both was possible without substantial loss in the product molecular weight. The removal of the protecting groups of poly([l]-LA-co-4.0 mol % IPPTC) did not change the Tm value (160 °C) but did alter the copolymer crystallization kinetics and thermal stability.
Prestack layer replacement (1986)

Abstract We present a method of layer replacement based on the Kirchhoff integral solution to the scalar wave equation. The term 'layer replacement' refers to replacing the overburden velocity with the velocity of the substratum, thereby eliminating raypath bendings at the interface between the overburden and the substratum. It is the raypath bendings that induce distortions and disruptions on reflections beneath a complex structure. When implemented before stack, layer replacement provides an opportunity to revise velocity estimates after correcting for the nonhyperbolic moveout on CMP data caused by a complex overburden. As a result, layer replacement also yields an improved unmigrated stack section. Imaging can then be completed by time migration after stack. We demonstrate the layer-replacement technique on field data with irregular water-bottom topography.
Amniotic‐fluid Lactoferrin: A Marker for Subclinical Intraamniotic Infection Prior to 32 Weeks Gestation (1995)

AF lactoferrin levels increase after 31 weeks in normal gestations, but lactoferrin levels >2.5 mug/ml in PTL patients before this gestational age are highly suggestive of IAI. AF lactoferrin levels may be a useful clinical tool for selecting those PTL patients who might benefit from antimicrobial therapy, closer observation, or early delivery.
Optoelectronic Techniques for Microwave and Millimeter-Wave Engineering (1995)

Background and Introduction. Ultrashort Optical Pulse Generation. Optical-Electrical Interaction Mechanisms. Experimental Techniques for Ultrafast Optical Measurements. Electro-Optic Sampling of High-Speed Devices and Circuits. Microwave and Millimeter Wave Experiments with Freely-Propagating Electromagnetic Transients. Optical Mixing for the Generation and Control of Microwave and Millimeter Wave Signals.
Some aspects of clearance of mitoguazone in cancer patients and experimental cancer models. (1986)

Mitoguazone (methylglyoxal-bis(guanyl-hydrazone), MGBG) was studied by its first-pass mechanism in both cancer patients and experimental cancer models. It appears from the study that 90% of MGBG is cleared from the plasma within minutes. 24-h recovery in the urine, however, did not exceed 16% so that 84% of the drug seems to be bound to subcellular compartments. Tissue levels of MGBG in the normal prostate ranged higher than in experimental prostate cancer type 3327 M/G, i.e. enhanced clearance from cancer tissues: polyamine biosynthetic enzymes ornithine decarboxylase as well as S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase are contrarily affected by MGBG.
For humanities' sake. Programs in continuing education (1984)

1 Dean, University Extension, UEXT, 2223 Fulton St., Berkeley, California 94720 Dean, University Extension, UEXT, 2223 Fulton St., Berkeley, California 94720 a Mr. Stern is dean of University Extension, University of California, Berkeley. He was the first chairman of NUCEA's Committee on Liaison and Accreditation for Continuing Education and is a board member and treasurer of the Western Consortium for the Health Professions. His books include The First years in College, People, Programs and Persuasion and Power and Conflict in Continuing Professional Education.
Approaches and Issues in Location-Aware Continuous Authentication (2010)

Convergence of technologies enabling physical and information security makes it possible to combine the features of location-aware and continuous authentication in a single system. We discuss the design of a location-aware continuous authentication system and discuss different implementation approaches that would strike a balance between usability and security of such a system. Issues of location privacy arising from using such systems are also discussed.
Zinc homeostasis and neurodegenerative disorders (2013)

Zinc is an essential trace element, whose importance to the function of the central nervous system (CNS) is increasingly being appreciated. Alterations in zinc dyshomeostasis has been suggested as a key factor in the development of several neuropsychiatric disorders. In the CNS, zinc occurs in two forms: the first being tightly bound to proteins and, secondly, the free, cytoplasmic, or extracellular form found in presynaptic vesicles. Under normal conditions, zinc released from the synaptic vesicles modulates both ionotropic and metabotropic post-synaptic receptors. While under clinical conditions such as traumatic brain injury, stroke or epilepsy, the excess influx of zinc into neurons has been found to result in neurotoxicity and damage to postsynaptic neurons. On the other hand, a growing body of evidence suggests that a deficiency, rather than an excess, of zinc leads to an increased risk for the development of neurological disorders. Indeed, zinc deficiency has been shown to affect neurogenesis and increase neuronal apoptosis, which can lead to learning and memory deficits. Altered zinc homeostasis is also suggested as a risk factor for depression, Alzheimer's disease (AD), aging, and other neurodegenerative disorders. Under normal CNS physiology, homeostatic controls are put in place to avoid the accumulation of excess zinc or its deficiency. This cellular zinc homeostasis results from the actions of a coordinated regulation effected by different proteins involved in the uptake, excretion and intracellular storage/trafficking of zinc. These proteins include membranous transporters (ZnT and Zip) and metallothioneins (MT) which control intracellular zinc levels. Interestingly, alterations in ZnT and MT have been recently reported in both aging and AD. This paper provides an overview of both clinical and experimental evidence that implicates a dysfunction in zinc homeostasis in the pathophysiology of depression, AD, and aging.
Treatment with a Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist Decreases Severity of Established Cystitis (2013)

Treatment with a selective cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist decreased severity of established acrolein induced cystitis and inhibited bladder inflammation associated increased referred mechanical sensitivity and increased bladder urinary frequency. Our data indicate that cannabinoid receptor 2 is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of painful inflammatory bladder diseases.
Clinical and metabolic responses of menopausal women to sequential versus continuous estrogen and progestin replacement therapy. (1988)

To minimize the cyclic menstrual bleeding associated with the sequential administration of estrogen and progestin in menopausal women, medroxyprogesterone acetate at the daily dose of 10 mg orally was administered, either sequentially for ten days of each 25-day treatment cycle or continuously with conjugated equine estrogen for three months. Cyclic menstrual bleeding occurred in all ten patients on sequential therapy; their endometrial histology was secretory in six, proliferative in two, and adenomatous hyperplasia in one. Of the ten patients on continuous therapy, four were amenorrheic and six experienced acyclic bleeding, but the endometrial histology was atrophic or inactive in all ten. The continuous treatment group experienced a statistically significant decrease in the mean serum levels of total cholesterol, whereas the serum levels of both low- and high-density cholesterol fractions decreased slightly. However, the sequential group experienced no change in serum levels of total cholesterol, a slight rise in high-density lipoprotein, and a significant decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol fractions. Our data suggest that the combined and continuous use of conjugated equine estrogen and medroxyprogesterone acetate effectively relieves menopausal symptoms, decreases the frequency of uterine bleeding, induces endometrial atrophy, and significantly decreases serum levels of total cholesterol.
56.6 dB high gain L-band EDFA utilizing short-length highly-doped erbium rare-earth material (2014)

In this paper, we experimentally investigate the performance of an efficient high gain L-band erbium-doped fiber (EDF) amplifier structure utilizing short-length highly-doped erbium rare-earth material with a single pump source. The amplifier gain and noise figure variation for different amplifier structures have been investigated. A filter is used to reduce the self-saturation effect and suppress the C-band amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise. The amplifier achieves a signal gain of 56.6 dB with a low noise figure of 4.8 dB at −50 dBm input signal power using only 8 m of EDF length. The amplifier gain shows significant improvement of 6 dB with C/L band coupler and 13 dB with tunable-band pass filter compared to amplifier structure without ASE suppression.
Cluster-based find and replace (2004)

In current text editors, the find & replace command offers only two options: replace one match at a time prompting for confirmation, or replace all matches at once without any confirmation. Both approaches are prone to errors. This paper explores a third way: cluster-based find & replace, in which the matches are clustered by similarity and whole clusters can be replaced at once. We hypothesized that cluster-based find & replace would make find & replace tasks both faster and more accurate, but initial user studies suggest that clustering may improve speed on some tasks but not accuracy. Users also prefer using a perfect-selection strategy for find & replace, rather than an interleaved decision-action strategy.
Diversity and New Records of Coleopteran Water Beetles (Dyctiscidae, Hydrophilidae) in Kenyir Water Catchment of Terengganu, Malaysia (2010)

0.5 mm 0.5 mm 0.5 mm
Broadway: A Compiler for Exploiting the Domain-Specific Semantics of Software Libraries (2005)

This paper describes the Broadway compiler and our experiences in using it to support domain-specific compiler optimizations. Our goal is to provide compiler support for a wide range of domains and to do so in the context of existing programming languages. Therefore, we focus on a technique that we call library-level optimization, which recognizes and exploits the domain-specific semantics of software libraries. The key to our system is a separation of concerns: compiler expertise is built into the Broadway compiler machinery, while domain expertise resides in separate annotation files that are provided by domain experts. We describe how this system can optimize parallel linear algebra codes written using the PLAPACK library. We find that our annotations effectively capture PLAPACK expertise at several levels of abstraction and that our compiler can automatically apply this expertise to produce considerable performance improvements. Our approach shows that the abstraction and modularity found in modern software can be as much an asset to the compiler as it is to the programmer.
SOME STRINGS ATTACHED (2012)

I want everyone to see this work as I do, so I felt the need to create a new word that best describes my work. This new word is Haptiacle, which is formed by combining two words Haptic and Spectacle. Haptiacle: A hands on event or performance, designed for viewer transformation that is visually striking that can be experienced, especially something of a remarkable or impressive nature accessible to all. This body of work is installed to create the environment as a Haptiacle. First, the work demonstrates the spectacle due to the unusual transformation of the sterile gallery, combined with the entertaining public display of the work. Secondly it is also a haptic because of the hands on connection with work; in this case the ceramic bowling balls. This Haptiacle is the first of its kind, never performed before until now. This is the new Americana approach of ceramics, art, and the exhibition space. After the installation of this show I have relinquished the control to the viewers for a full Haptiacle experience with the complete elimination of the confinement of the gallery walls. This show exist everywhere that you have Internet and fully accessible to all around the world to provide an abundance of memories, and to provoke the imagination. Plus raise awareness of ritual involving the handling, breaking and performance aspect of ceramic objects.