gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variegated aneuploidy related to premature centromere division (PCD) is expressed in vivo and is a cancer-prone disease (2001)

We present three patients with variegated aneuploidy and premature centromere division (PCD), a rare chromosomal abnormality in humans. Comparison of these three and eight other patients with variegated aneuploidy related to PCD demonstrates a phenotype comprising most frequently microcephaly, CNS anomalies (with cerebellar affection and migration defects), mental retardation, pre-and postnatal growth retardation, flat and broad nasal bridge, apparently low-set ears, eye and skin abnormalities, and ambiguous genitalia in male patients. The occurrence of Wilms tumor in three patients, rhabdomyosarcoma in two others and acute leukemia in a fifth characterizes this condition as a chromosome or genome instability disorder with a high risk of malignancy. FISH studies in uncultured blood and buccal smear cells demonstrate that the random aneuploidies are not limited to cultured cells, but also occur in vivo.
Proposed method for controlling and minimizing reflections from a surface (1961)

This paper proposes a method whereby the reflection of an electromagnetic wave from a surface can be controlled. The idea is to use a p-n junction as the controlling device. The device is made in such a way that the junction is parallel to the surface upon which the electromagnetic radiation is impinging. If the p region is very narrow the wave will penetrate through it into the depletion region. If the n region is hi conductivity, the wave is reflected from it. Then if the depletion layer width is right for the frequency considered, the reflected wave will interact with the impinging wave to give the desired effect. By changing the bias applied to the junction a tuning effect can be obtained. Detailed analysis of the proposed device is covered in the paper. There are some practical limitations to creating the device described, but the idea and the method of analysis could be useful to individuals interested in creating microwave tuning and control components.
The 2nd Generation divided RESURF structure for High Voltage ICs (2008)

The 2nd generation divided RESURF structure has been developed by applying a P- substrate-on-P- epitaxial layer and micro- N+ buried layer (micro-NB) provided at the edge region of the N+ buried layer (NB). The micro-NB reduces the electric field around its own area, and it improves the breakdown voltage with no additional area. Beside, the 2nd generation divided RESURF structure has no effect on the breakdown voltage, because the divide RESURF structure is designed that the depletion layer enough reduces its own electric field.
Allocation and scheduling of precedence-related periodic tasks (1995)

This paper discusses a static algorithm for allocating and scheduling components of periodic tasks across sites in distributed systems. Besides dealing with the periodicity constraints, (which have been the sole concern of many previous algorithms), this algorithm handles precedence, communication, as well as replication requirements of subtasks of the tasks. The algorithm determines the allocation of subtasks of periodic tasks to sites, the scheduled start times of subtasks allocated to a site, and the schedule for communication along the communication channel(s). Simulation results show that the heuristics and search techniques incorporated in the algorithm are very effective.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Status of Policies on HIV/AIDS: Responses of Nebraska Postsecondary Institutions with Health Occupations Programs (1992)

This study was conducted to assess the status of HIV/AIDS policies in postsecondary health occupations programs in Nebraska. The purposes of the study were to determine which postsecondary health occupations education programs had policies adequate to address HIV/AIDS, and to review a copy of the program’s policies for agreement with a set of criteria developed from those recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and the American College Health Association. Results revealed that the institutions’ policies submitted for review did not meet the criteria developed for the study.
What Makes Online Grocers Work? A Case Study Analysis of Factors Contributing to Online Grocery Store Profitability (2008)

This research examined the factors contributing to the performance of online grocers prior to, and following, the 2000 dot.com collapse. The primary goals were to assess the relationship between a company’s business model(s) and its performance in the online grocery channel and to determine if there were other company and/or market related factors that could account for company performance. To assess the primary goals, a case based theory building process was utilized. A three-way cross-case analysis comprising Peapod, GroceryWorks, and Tesco examined the common profit components, the structural category (e.g., pure-play, partnership, and hybrid) profit components, and the idiosyncratic profit components related to each specific company. Based on the analysis, it was determined that online grocery store business models could be represented at three distinct, but hierarchically, related levels. The first level was termed the core model and represented the basic profit structure that all online grocers needed in order to conduct operations. The next model level was termed the structural model and represented the profit structure associated with the specific business model configuration (i.e., pure-play, partnership, hybrid). The last model level was termed the augmented model and represented the company’s business model when idiosyncratic profit components were included. In relation to the five company related factors, scalability, rate of expansion, and the automation level were potential candidates for helping to explain online grocer performance. In addition, all the market structure related factors were deemed possible candidates for helping to explain online grocer performance. The study concluded by positing an alternative hypothesis concerning the performance of online grocers. Prior to this study, the prevailing wisdom was that the business models were the primary cause of online grocer performance. However, based on the core model analysis, it was hypothesized that the customer relationship activities (i.e., advertising, promotions, and loyalty program tie-ins) were the real drivers of online grocer performance.
A semiconductor detector for measuring ultraweak fluorescence decays with 70 ps FWHM resolution (1983)

The performance of a new single-photon avalanche photodiode particularly suitable for the detection of fast and ultraweak light pulses is described. The advantages of this device over other available detectors are discussed. The electronic circuitry developed allows the measurement of fluorescence decays with a time resolution of 70 ps FWHM (full-width at half-maximum) and a data acquisition rate of up to 50 kHz.
중국의 천둥신(雷神)에 관한 小考 —명칭을 중심으로 (2019)

I investigate Gods of thunder in china as a part of nature deity focising on their name in this article. Gods of thunder in china have a very various name, that is, leishen(雷神), leishou(雷獸), leigong(雷公), leishi(雷師), leiwang(雷王) and leigui(雷鬼), etc. Generally speaking, these names change from a defied being to a personified being according to the changes of the times. In this process, Taoism and folk beliefs absorbed popular reverence and fear for God of thunder into their own religious dogma. Some sect of Taoism installed leifu(雷府) and built a hierarchical system. In this system, supreme deity took charge of wind, rain, thunder and lightning. This hierarchy of multideity is a result oft Gods of thunder in china melted into Taoism and folk beliefs naturally and an indication of personification in Gods of thunder.
p-type oxide semiconductors as hole collectors in dye-sensitized solid-state solar cells (2006)

Oxide semiconductors with p-type conductivity were found to be good candidates to be used as hole collectors in dye sensitized solid-state solar cells (DSSC). In this paper, a delofossite p-type CuAlO2 semiconductor was synthesized by a hydrothermal method and its properties were investigated as a hole collector in DSSC. The valence band (VB) and conduction band (CB) positions of CuAlO2 were appropriate to be used as the hole conductor in DSSC. Solar cells constructed with TiO2/Ru dye/CuAlO2 deliver Isc = 0.08 mA cm−2 and Voc = 525 mV. The particle size of CuAlO2 prepared by the hydrothermal method was ~300–500 nm and the large CuAlO2 particle penetrates weakly into the pores of a nanocrystalline matrix resulting in the weak interaction of the dye and hole collector, which was found to be one of the reasons for the poor solar cell performance of the solar cell constructed with CuAlO2 as the hole collector. Bigger particle size and poor p-type conductivity are found to be the major limiting factors of CuAlO2 as a hole collector. The solar cell performances of electrodes constructed with TiO2/Ru dye/NiO are also discussed.
Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in neutral solutions by organic compounds with quinonoid structure (1993)

Electrochemical techniques have been used to study the inhibiting properties for carbon steel in neutral aqueous solutions of a series of organic compounds with a quinonoid structure and varying oxidising and adsorption properties. In sodium sulphate solutions the oxidising properties control the inhibition, whereas in sodium chloride and hydroxide solutions and in an artificial cooling water adsorption effects predominate. Adsorption is facilitated by the presence of n electron systems and conjugated bonds in the molecules, as well as by increase in molecular size.
CULTURAL STUDIES OF FOUR POLYPORES (BASIDIOMYCOTINA) COLLECTED FROM TAIWAN (1996)

本文報導臺灣産四種多孔菌的性別、培養描述、氧化酵素反應及細胞核行爲研究。這四種是Earliella scabrosa, Gloeophyllurn subferrugineum, Trametes elegans, 以及T. hirsuta。文內並提供研究材料的擔子果照片。
A Simplified, Langendorff-Free Method for Concomitant Isolation of Viable Cardiac Myocytes and Nonmyocytes From the Adult Mouse Heart (2016)

We present a novel, simplified method, demonstrating concomitant isolation of viable cardiac myocytes and nonmyocytes from the same adult mouse heart. We anticipate that this new approach will expand and accelerate innovative research in the field of cardiac biology.
483. Interdependence of molecular conformation and conjugation in aromatic ethers. Part IV (1961)

G. Baddeley and N. H. P. Smith, J. Chem. Soc., 1961, 2516 DOI: 10.1039/JR9610002516
Surface and Cytoplasmic Expression of CD45 Antigen Isoforms in Normal and Malignant Myeloid Cell Differentiation (1991)

The CD45 family contains protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) activity and is expressed in one or more of its isoforms on all lymphohematopoietic cells. Considerable work has focused on CD45 expression by lymphoid cells, but minimal work has involved granulocytes. Granulocytic, or myeloid, cell differentiation is accompanied by a number of morphologic and immunophenotypic changes. This study used flow cytometric and immunocytochemical methods in conjunction with morphologic assessment to investigate the expression of CD45 isoforms during differentiation of normal and malignant granulocytic cells. On normal bone marrow cells, the quantity of surface CD45 did not change during earlier stages but did increase significantly at the terminal stages (bands and polymorphonuclear leukocytes [PMNs]). CD45RO (the low relative molecular mass [Mr] isoform) was very dimly expressed on immature cells but became increasingly brighter beginning at approximately the myelocyte stage. The high Mr isoform (CD45RA) was virtually absent from the cell surface at all stages. Only a small percentage (3-15%) of PMNs expressed surface CD45RA. However, there was a cytoplasmic pool of each isoform associated with membrane-bound granules found throughout differentiation, with remarkable increases in expression at the terminal stages. In the case of acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs), most cases expressed surface CD45RA with, or without, CD45RO, regardless of their French-American-British (FAB) classification. This appeared to be a stable process at diagnosis and relapse in individual patients and may therefore serve as a diagnostic aid. The biologic significance of this aberrant expression of CD45RA by malignant cells is unknown but raises important questions regarding the cellular processes of phosphorylation/dephosphorylation in normal and malignant cells.
Insulin Resistance and Hyperinsulinemia Are Related to Plasma Aldosterone Levels in Hypertensive Patients (2007)

OBJECTIVE—An association between aldosterone and insulin resistance has been demonstrated in obesity and primary aldosteronism and in blacks with the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of plasma aldosterone with insulin sensitivity in white subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In 356 patients with essential hypertension and 102 normotensive control subjects of comparable age and BMI, we measured, after discontinuation of treatment, plasma active renin, aldosterone, cortisol, glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels and calculated markers of insulin sensitivity. Direct assessment of insulin sensitivity was obtained in a subset of 64 hypertensive patients by a hyperinsulinemic clamp. RESULTS—Hypertensive patients had significantly greater fasting plasma insulin and C-peptide concentrations and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) indexes than normotensive control subjects. A positive association with increasing plasma aldosterone concentrations was demonstrated for plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptides, and HOMA. Assessment of insulin sensitivity by clamp showed a significant decrease of the metabolic clearance rate of glucose with increasing aldosterone levels. Significant correlations were found between plasma aldosterone, plasma insulin, and C-peptide levels, HOMA, and glucose metabolic clearance rate. Blood pressure and plasma potassium, plasma cortisol, and renin levels, but not BMI, were also directly correlated with plasma aldosterone. Multiple regression analysis showed that HOMA, together with plasma potassium, cortisol, and renin levels, was independently correlated with plasma aldosterone. CONCLUSIONS—This study demonstrates a direct relationship between aldosterone, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia in white subjects. In patients with hypertension, this relationship might contribute to maintenance of high blood pressure and increased cardiovascular risk.
From Neurotransmitters to Neurotrophic Factors to Neurogenesis (2008)

New neurons continue to be produced in adult mammals, including humans, predominantly in the anterior subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus. This update focuses on the emerging concept that adult CNS neurogenesis can be regulated by targeting neurotransmitter receptors, which, in turn, drive expression of crucial neurotrophic and growth factors. Such an approach might enable the development of pharmacological treatments that harness the endogenous potential of the CNS to replace lost cells in neurological disorders such as stroke and Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases. This review samples in vivo studies in adult mammals from 2006 to mid-2008. It also provides some considerations for navigating toward translation to human disorders. Among them are the formidable problems of scaling up production of new neurons within the two "niches" of the brain and delivering sufficient numbers to distant degenerating regions for cell replacement. However, an expedition can only succeed if started.
EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR STIMULATES PRODUCTION OF PROGESTERONE IN CULTURED HUMAN CHORIOCARCINOMA CELLS (1980)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates the production of progesterone by JEG-3, a clonal strain of human choriocarcinoma cells. Stimulation occurs in a time and dose-dependent manner. In addition, EGF increases [14C]-acetate incorporation into [14C]-cholesterol in JEG-3 cells, and this may constitute its mechanism of action in enhancing progesterone synthesis.
Structure, crystal growth and physical anisotropy of KYb(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, a new laser matrix (2002)

The crystal structure of monoclinic KYb(WO 4 ) 2 (KYbW) crystals has been refined (in space group C 2/ c ) at room temperature by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. KYbW undoped crystals were grown by the TSSG (top-seeded-solution growth) slow-cooling method. The crystals show {110}, {\bar{1}11}, {010} and {310} faces, which basically define their habit. The linear thermal expansion tensor has been determined and the principal axis with maximum thermal expansion (\alpha ^{\,\prime}_{33} = 16.68 × 10 −6 K −1 ), {\bf X}^{\,\prime}_{3}, was located 12° from the c axis. Its principal {\bf X}^{\,\prime}_{1}, {\bf X}^{\,\prime}_{2} and {\bf X}^{\,\prime}_{3} axes are [302], [010] and [106] directions, respectively, in the crystallographic system. The optical tensor has been studied at λ = 632.8 nm at room temperature; two principal axes, N g and N m , are located in the a c plane, while the other, N p , is parallel to [010]. The principal axis with maximum refractive index ( n g = 2.45), N g , was located 19° from the c axis.
Bayesian Sensor Estimation for Machine Condition Monitoring (2007)

We present a Bayesian framework to tackle the problem of sensor estimation, a critical step of fault diagnosis in machine condition monitoring. A Gaussian mixture model is employed to model the normal operating range of the machine. A Gaussian random vector is introduced to model the possible deviations of the observed sensor values from their corresponding normal values. Different levels of deviations are elegantly handled by the covariance matrix of this random vector, which is estimated adaptively for each input observation. Our algorithm doesn't require faulty operation training data, as desired by previous methods. Significant improvements over previous methods are achieved in our tests.
Callus and Plantlet Regeneration from Cell Cultures of Ladino Clover and Soybean (1977)

Abstract The auxin to cytokinin ratios are described for promoting growth in the in vitro cultures of soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Bragg) and perennial clover ( Trifolium repens L. cv. Regal Ladinc). Callus growth was induced on somatic tissue with 50:1 auxin to cytokinin (w/w) ratio. A 5:1 ratio served for initiation of cell suspensions from callus and for subsequent growth of callus from cells in suspension. A 1:2 ratio served for regeneration of buds and plantlets from the callus grown from cells. Although (2,4‐dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid was the auxin for suspension and regenerative cultures, (2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid was the more effective auxin for initiation of callus on somatic tissue. All cultures were grown with 6‐furfurylaminopurine as the cytokinin. The phytohormones strongly influenced the rates of culture growth, but determination of culture type was augmented by dl ‐alpha tocopherol acetate and iron. Tocopherol and a relatively high complement of iron promoted growth of juvenile cultures, whereas low level of iron and absence of tocopherol favored growth to comparatively more differentiated cultures. Without tocopherol, no callus formed on somatic tissue during the allotted period of incubation. Tocopherol plus a complement of low iron enabled growth of callus on rapidly growing somatic tissue. A high level of iron enabled comparatively more callus growth but suppressed growth of somatic tissue. In suspension cultures tocopherol and a high iron level enhanced dispersion of cells. A low iron complement in the absence of tocopherol induced growth of callus from cells and subsequent regeneration of buds and plantlets from the callus.
Chemical composition of white currant seed extract (2011)

From the seeds of white currant (Ribes rubrum, cv. White Champagne), a new sesquiterpenoid glucoside (1) was isolated, along with two known compounds: dihydrophaseic acid 3?-O-?-Dglucopyranoside (2), and 3-carboxymethyl-indole-1-N-?-Dglucopyranoside (3). The structure of the new compound was identified as dihydrophaseic acid 3?-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-1,6-?-D-glucopyranoside, based on extensive NMR and MS spectral studies.
Cranberries as Antibiotics? (2011)

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Time‐Related Loss of Glutamine from Hippocampal Slices and Concomitant Changes in Neurotransmitter Amino Acids (1993)

Abstract: A dramatic, time‐dependent loss of l ‐glutamine was observed in mouse and rat hippocampal slices equilibrated in normal artificial CSF under static (no‐flow) and super‐fused (constant‐flow) conditions. Concomitant with the decline in l ‐glutamine, there was a significant, but less pronounced, decrease in levels of the neurotransmitter amino acids, γ‐aminobutyric acid, l ‐aspartate, and l ‐glutamate. The disappearance of l ‐glutamine was a result of diffusion from the tissue to the artificial CSF rather than chemical or biochemical transformation. The loss of amino acids from the hippocampal slices was prevented to different degrees by the addition of 0.5 m M exogenous l ‐glutamine to the artificial CSF. The levels of newly synthesized amino acids were also determined, because they may be more indicative of the neuronal activity than the total tissue levels of amino acids. The effects of perturbations in glutamine (length of the equilibration time and addition of exogenous. glutamine) on newly synthesized glutamate were more pronounced under 4‐aminopyridine‐stimulated than control (unstimulated) conditions. Therefore, a loss of l ‐glutamine from the hippocampal slices may have neurophysiological effects and warrants further investigation.
Induction of alloxan/streptozotocin diabetes in dogs: A revised experimental technique (1993)

The diabetic dog represents an excellent model for use in many aspects of diabetic research. The present paper describes, in detail, a reproducible experimental protocol for the successful induction of chemical diabetes in beagles using a combination of the 2 pancreatic beta-cell cytoxic agents alloxan and streptozotocin.