gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Monitoring of People Flows and Indoor Temperature Distribution for Advanced Air-Conditioning Control (2008)

This paper proposes an advanced air-conditioning control system by using multiple laser range scanners and wireless sensor network technologies. In public space such as railway station or exhibition hall, more economical air-conditioning system has been desired because the population density changes continuously and the surrounding temperature is also not constant. Our proposed system aims to ventilate for only where and when the cool/warm wind is necessary, that is the pedestrians' flows close up and the temperature is not sufficient. In order to track crowds flows, multiple laser range scanners are exploited, and networked temperature sensors are deployed in the target space for temperature monitoring. The obtained temperature distribution is integrated to the results of people tracking on the real-time basis, and we simulate the wind direction from air-conditioner. In order to verify our system's effectivity, we conducted an experiment at Japan railway station. Finally, we conclude the number of pedestrians who receive the wind from the air-conditioner increases with 44% and the average time increases with 20%.
Operation of an ultrasonic flowmeter on a sodium loop of a fast breeder reactor (1977)

The flow of fluid in a pipe is determined from the upstream and downstream flight times of ultrasonic (4 MHz) pulses traveling obliquely across the pipe. Temperature effects on dimensions, sonic velocity, refraction angles, etc., are compensated from the measured mean-pulse travel times. This mean-pulse travel time also yields mean fluid temperature. This permits a pair of instruments on the hot and cold leg of a heat transfer loop to give total power flow. Total time delays across the pipe were measured over the temperature range 350°–70 °C and compared with values computed based on expansion coefficient and elastic modulus data from the Nuclear Materials Handbook. Ultrasonically measured flow rates were compared with the installed electromagnetic and hydrodynamic flowmeters as well as with a special neutron activation flow calibration technique. The transducers for the ultrasonic system were specially designed to be clamped to the outside of the hot pipe using gold foil between optically flat surfaces with a clamping force of 2000 N.
Power density spectrum of the hydrogen maser (1968)

The first measurements of the hydrogen maser's frequency spectrum were recently obtained at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. Preliminary data indicate a much higher degree of spectral purity than present day atomic frequency standards.
Recent Advances in Computational Methods for Microsystems (2013)

An algorithm, which combines the use of Domain Decomposition and Model Order Reduction methods based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, is proposed. The algorithm allows for the efficient handling of electro-mechanical coupled problems in MEMS, with a strong reduction of computing time with respect to standard monolithic or staggered solution strategies. Examples of coupled electro-mechanical problems, concerning a vibrating beam subject to variable electrostatic forces, are presented and discussed.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Human Hair Keratin Film (2013)

Human hair keratin film consisting of fine fibrous and particle structures has been utilized as an alternative device to hair samples. Since application of heat is a well-known factor causing hair damage, the thermal effects on the keratin films and hair samples were examined focusing on color change, morphological observation, protein solubility, and oxidative proteins. The opaque white appearance of the keratin film changed to a yellow/light brown color by the thermal treatments at more than 170°C. This color change at 170°C and higher was also detected by spectrophotometry. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation showed that there was little change in the fine structures of the keratin films and hair samples even after a thermal treatment at 200°C for 10 min. When protein solubility of heat-treated keratin films and hair samples were examined using a solution containing dithiothreitol (DTT) and urea, the amounts of proteins solubilized from heat-treated keratin films and hair samples were less than those from untreated keratin film and hair samples. The protein solubility decreased in a heating timeand temperature-dependent manner. A linear relationship between solubilized proteins and a heating temperature of 110 to 160°C was found. Compared to hair samples, the degree of change was clearly evident in the keratin films. The solubilized proteins consisted of keratin and keratin-associated proteins (KAPs). The amount of carbonylated proteins increased in the films treated at 120–180°C. This data suggests that thermal treatment promotes protein oxidization and induce the formation of “Stable Structure” which has not yet been identified. In any event, hair thermal damage will be quantitatively evaluated using the keratin films in place of hair samples.
Frequency-Dependent Stress Wave Attenuation in Cement-Based Materials (1995)

Ultrasonic techniques are a widely used, reliable form of nondestructive testing of materials. The nature of concrete as a heterogeneous mixture makes it somewhat ill-suited as a conductor of stress waves, and therefore makes the interpretation of ultrasonic data difficult. In order to quantify the attenuation of ultrasonic waves in concrete, a point source/point receiver (PS/PR) ultrasonic test system was set up, and the individual components were evaluated. PS/PR can be used to quantify (among other things) the ultrasonic attenuation in the materials. The technique was applied to a series of four portland-cement-based test specimens. These specimens ranged from a fine cement paste to concrete sample with a maximum aggregate size of 10 mm. The frequency-dependent attenuation was evaluated for each specimen. The results of this investigation showed that the wave-propagation characteristics of the materials can be quantified with this technique, and that certain characteristics of the attenuation curves can be linked to the degree of inhomogeneity in the material.
Homer as Both a Scaffold and Transduction Molecule (2002)

Increasing evidence shows that scaffold proteins not only control membrane assembly of receptors and channels, but also modulate intracellular signaling by assembled receptors. The Homer family of proteins act as scaffolds to bind clusters of proteins and glutamate receptors at postsynaptic sites. We review results of cloning and gene expression of this protein family, and summarize roles in glutamate receptor function and intracellular signaling in neurons. Homer proteins trigger the localization of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5 receptor) to the postsynaptic plasma membrane. They can also alter the kinetics and peak amplitude of the intracellular Ca2+ responses of mGlu1 and mGlu5 receptors. Homer proteins can either prevent or promote spontaneous activation of these receptors, depending on the type of Homer protein isoform expressed.
<i>FEMOSSA</i>: Patient‐specific finite element simulation of the prostate–rectum spacer placement, a predictive model for prostate cancer radiotherapy (2021)

FEMOSSA provides a realistic simulation of the hydrogel injection process that can facilitate spacer placement planning and reduce the associated uncertainties. Consequently, it increases the robustness and success rate of spacer placement procedure that in turn improves prostate cancer RT quality.
Influences of process scaling in metal cutting with geometrically defined cutting edges (2004)

A main tendency in technolgy is the miniaturization of devices and components. Micro-cutting has the potential to overcome restrictions other operations are limited to. When the cutting-depth decreases to the order of micro-meters some unexpected phenomena appear. These phenomena, not forseen by conventional scaling used for dimensioning in cutting, are called size-effects.
Using object-oriented principles to optimize update propagation to materialized views (2002)

View materialization is known to be a valuable technique for performance optimization in relational databases, and much work has been done addressing the problem of consistently maintaining relational views under update operations. However, little progress has been made thus far regarding the topic of view materialization in object-oriented databases (OODBs). In this paper, we demonstrate that there are several significant differences between the relational and object-oriented paradigms that can be exploited when addressing the object-oriented view materialization problem. We use the subsumption relationships between classes to identify branches of classes to which we do not need to propagate updates. Similarly, we use encapsulated interfaces combined with the fact that any unique database property is inherited from a single location to provide a "registration/notification" service for optimizing incremental view updates. We also report results from the experimental studies we have run on the MultiView system measuring the impact of these optimization strategies.
In Situ XRD Study of the Phase Evolution in Li<sub>x</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>Ni<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> as 4.7-Volt Positive Electrode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries (2014)

In situ X-ray diffraction has been carried out to study the structural changes of the bare and Cr-doped LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 O 4 crystallized samples in the disordered phase ( Fd m space group) are investigated during the galvanostatic charge/discharge process at C/24 rate. The de-intercalation of lithium proceeds through a series of first-order phase transitions with two regions of two-phase coexistence. The phase diagram is analyzed and discussed, together with the differences among different results reported in the literature.
Drug binding by branched DNA: selective interaction of tetrapyridyl porphyrins with an immobile junction (1990)

The differential binding of a number of water-soluble cationic porphyrins to a branched DNA molecule is reported. Tetrakis(4-N-methylpyridiniumyl)porphine (H2TMpyP-4) interacts near the branch point with an immobile DNA junction formed from four 16-mer strands. Its Cu(II) and Ni(II) derivatives show stronger preferential binding in the neighborhood of the branch point. Axially liganded derivatives, Zn, Co, and Mn, also interact near this branch point, but in a different way. We use the reagents methidiumpropyl-EDTA.Fe(II) [MPE.Fe(II)] and bis(o-phenanthroline)copper(I) [(OP)2Cu(I)] to cleave complexes of DNA duplex controls and the junction with these porphyrins. The resulting cleavage patterns are consistent with previous evidence that the branch point provides a strong site for intercalative binding agents, which is not available in unbranched duplexes of identical sequence. The preferential scission by (OP)2Cu(I) in the presence of Ni and Cu porphyrins near the branch point exceeds that seen for any agents we have studied. This hyperreactivity is not seen in the case of porphyrins with axial ligands, ZnTMpyP-4, CoTMpyP-4, and MnTMpyP-4, although these also interact near the branch point. The Zn derivative tends to protect sites close to the branch point from cutting, while the Co and Mn porphyrins moderately enhance cleavage of sites in this region.
ChemInform Abstract: Multicomponent Cyclizations. Efficient Methodologies for the Preparation of Complex Natural Products (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
EHMTI-0158. Positive allosteric modulators (PAMS) of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (MGLUR2) are effective against nerve injury induced facial allodynia in rats (2014)

Activation of mGluR2 is known to induce analgesic effect in animal pain models. mGluRs have been found in trigeminal ganglia and dura of rats.

Our aim was to examine effect of mGlu2 PAMS in facial allodynia model induced by partial ligation of infraorbital nerve (pIONL) in rats.

The two selective mGlu2 PAM compounds studied, JNJ-40068782 (JNJ), and Compound A (CA) of G.Richter have high in vitro potency with functional EC50 values on human mGlu2R of 8 nM and 39 nM, respectively.

Allodynia was measured by von Frey filaments at least ten days after pIONL. Gabapentin, a drug used in neuropathic pain, and sumatriptan, an anti-migraine drug significantly reduced allodynia.

Single p.o. dosing of CA produced dose-dependent reversal of allodynia with ED50=1.7 mg/kg and maximum effect of 92% at 10 mg/kg dose. In a 7-day repeated dose study with 0.5 mg/kg dose, a sustained, significant effect was seen. Similarly, no sign of tolerance was seen with 10-day repeated administration of JNJ at 30 mg/kg p.o. dose, selected based on acute dose-response study.

Potential side effects of both compounds were monitored by an automated behavioral observation system. In the above examined dose range and dosing regimens (acute and chronic) no considerable side effects were detected. No effect of CA on thermal or mechanical nociceptive threshold was seen up to 10 mg/kg dose.

Our results suggest potential utility of mGluR2 PAMs against trigeminal neuralgia or migraine. CA proved to be similarly effective but much more potent in vivo than JNJ.
Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase activity in apples is ripening-related: implications for fruit juice processing (1998)

In order to assess the role of endogenous enzymes during apple juice manufacturing by enzymic liquefaction, apples of different maturity were assayed for various enzyme activities. Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) activity increased dramatically from early September to mid October, and decreased slowly during cold storage. It was shown that XET is probably the most important, endo-acting activity in apple. The apples of different maturity were also treated by pectin lyase and various concentrations of cellulase. It appeared that less cellulase was needed for disintegration of apples with a high level of XET activity. This suggests that XET facilitates the liquefaction process. Under certain conditions, ‘high XET’ apples could be transformed into a cloudy apple juice. This cloud may be regarded as a dispersion of particles which is predominantly composed of cellulose and xyloglucan. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry.
Alkylations of Chiral Imidazolidinones Derived from Di‐ and Triglycine and Attempts at Cyclisations to Give Cycloisodityrosines (1996)

Abstract Di‐ and triglycine derivatives ( 1–5 ) containing a 2‐ tert ‐butyl‐1,3‐imidazolidin‐4‐one moiety were prepared in rac. and enantiopure forms. By deprotonations with LiNR 2 these imidazolidinones were converted to Li, Li 2 , and Li 3 derivatives ( H‐N ) and the latter alkylated, preferably with the more reactive electrophiles (MeI, benzylic and allylic bromides). The diastereoselectivity at the endocyclic (imidazolidinone) position is always very high (>95:5), while it varies with respect to the newly formed stereocentres at the exocyclic positions (2:1 to >95:5). Three dozens of new di‐ and triglycine derivatives were thus prepared and fully characterised. Cyclisation attempts with seven different diaryl ethers ( 23, 29, 32, 35, 39, 44, 45 ), which are potential precursors of cycloisodityrosines, failed. The configurations of the products were assigned by X‐ray structure analysis ( 29, 40, 53 ), NMR analysis, and hydrolysis to the amino acid components, followed by GC analysis.
Photochemistry of Substituted Benzoylformate Esters. A Convenient Method for the Photochemical Oxidation of Alcohols (1995)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemistry of Substituted Benzoylformate Esters. A Convenient Method for the Photochemical Oxidation of AlcoholsMichael C. Pirrung and Ronald J. TepperCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 8, 2461–2465Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1995https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00113a029https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00113a029research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views938Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (2)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Numerical studies of frontal motion in the atmosphere-I (1965)

The motion of frontal disturbances in the atmosphere is studied by the numerical solution of differential equations based upon a two-layer model of an incompressible fluid on a rotating earth. The density of each layer is assumed to be constant. The upper and lower fluids correspond respectively to warm and cold air. In this first attempt, only the motion of the lower cold air layer is studied by assuming, in effect, that the dynamics of the perturbations in the upper warm air layer can be neglected. The numerical study of this simple mechanical model shows that even though thermodynamic processes have been ignored, the occlusion process, characteristic for warm and cold fronts, develops from an initially sinusoidal frontal pattern. Two cases of different initial conditions are examined. Case A : Only the east-west component of wind velocity is initially geostrophic. Case B : Both east-west and north-south components are initially geostrophic. In both cases, computations indicate that the cold front propagates faster than the warm front and that a relatively strong mass convergence zone appears behind the cold front only. This fact suggests the occurrence of severe storms associated with cold fronts, but not with warm fronts in the atmosphere. The numerical method developed here to calculate the movement of the front is based on following the motion of the material “particles” at the front. This method has applications to the numerical solution of a certain class of hydrodynamic flow problems in which the entire boundary of the domain of integration is not given a priori , but must be determined (so-called free-boundary problems). DOI: 10.1111/j.2153-3490.1965.tb01418.x
Interaction of POB1, a Downstream Molecule of Small G Protein Ral, with PAG2, a Paxillin-binding Protein, Is Involved in Cell Migration (2002)

POB1 was previously identified as a RalBP1-binding protein. POB1 and RalBP1 function downstream of small G protein Ral and regulate receptor-mediated endocytosis. To look for additional functions of POB1, we screened for POB1-binding proteins using a yeast two-hybrid method and found that POB1 interacts with mouse ASAP1, which is a human PAG2 homolog. PAG2 is a paxillin-associated protein with ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein activity. POB1 formed a complex with PAG2 in intact cells. The carboxyl-terminal region containing the proline-rich motifs of POB1 directly bound to the carboxyl-terminal region including the SH3 domain of PAG2. Substitutions of Pro(423) and Pro(426) with Ala (POB1(PA)) impaired the binding of POB1 to PAG2. Expression of PAG2 inhibited fibronectin-dependent migration and paxillin recruitment to focal contacts of CHO-IR cells. Co-expression with POB1 but not with POB1(PA) suppressed the inhibitory action of PAG2 on cell migration and paxillin localization. These results suggest that POB1 interacts with PAG2 through its proline-rich motif, thereby regulating cell migration.
New Understanding of the Causes and Surgical Treatment of Postherniorrhaphy Inguinodynia and Orchalgia (2007)

Lichtenstein Hernia Institute and the Division of General Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA. Competing Interests Declared: None. *Correspondence address: Parviz K Amid, MD, UCLA Medical Center, 72-215 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6904. email: [email protected] Submitted January 25, 2007; revised February 22, 2007; accepted April 2, 2007.
Determination of Equilibrium Shapes and Optimal Volume of Solder Droplets in the Assembly of Surface Mounted Integrated Circuits. (1993)

The equilibrium shape of a liquid meniscus at a liquid-gas phase boundary of a system in which solid, liquid, and gaseous phases coexist is given by a balance of forces acting on the system. A method of calculation was introduced in Part I of this series for determining this equilibrium shape. Here, this method is used to calculate the equilibrium shapes of solder joints surrounding gullwing and jbend type lead wires present in surface mountedintegrated circuits. A study is also doneto determine the optimal volume needed to produce a good solder joint. Criteria are established, dimensionless calculations are done for gullwing and jbend leads, and a method is outlined for appiying these results to lead wires with different geometries.
A model for facilitating translational research and development in China: Call for establishing a Hong Kong Branch of the Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials (2014)

With significant improvements in living standards in China and the aging population that accompanies these improvements, the market demand for high-quality orthopaedic biomaterials for clinical applications is tremendous and growing rapidly. There are major efforts to promote cooperation between different scientific institutes with complementary strengths for the further development of the biomaterial industry in China to achieve the technological level of developed countries. An excellent example is that the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (MOST; Beijing, China) established the Chinese National Engineering Research Centres (CNERCs), which serve as a major initiative in driving basic and applied technological research and development (R&D) in mainland China. To create a win-win situation with Hong Kong, the MOST and the Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission are jointly establishing the Hong Kong Branch of the CNERCs. Through an amicable arrangement, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK; Shatin, Hong Kong) and the Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials (i.e., Main Centre) in Chengdu, People's Republic of China have decided to apply to establish the Hong Kong Branch of the CNERC for Biomaterials at the CUHK. The effort in establishing the Hong Kong Branch of Biomaterials seeks to promote further collaboration with the Main Centre with the goals of promoting synergy and a win-win cooperation between mainland China and Hong Kong in scientific research, talent cultivation, clinically driven novel biomaterials product design, and preclinical and clinical testing. It will thus become a model for the successful collaboration between the Hong Kong research institutions and the mainland CNERCs in the area of biomaterials. Such initiatives will facilitate close collaboration in translational medicine associated with biomaterial development and application.