gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor transport in human intestinal epithelial (Caco‐2) cells (1995)

1. The role of proton-linked solute transport in the absorption of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors captopril, enalapril maleate and lisinopril has been investigated in human intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cell monolayers. 2. In Caco-2 cell monolayers the transepithelial apical-to-basal transport and intracellular accumulation (across the apical membrane) of the hydrolysis-resistant dipeptide, glycylsarcosine (Gly-Sar), were stimulated by acidification (pH 6.0) of the apical environment. In contrast, transport and intracellular accumulation of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, lisinopril, were low (lower than the paracellular marker mannitol) and were not stimulated by apical acidification. Furthermore, [14C]-lisinopril transport showed little reduction when excess unlabelled lisinopril (20 mM) was added. 3. pH-dependent [14C]-Gly-Sar transport was inhibited by the orally-active ACE inhibitors, enalapril maleate and captopril (both at 20 mM). Lisinopril (20 mM) had a relatively small inhibitory effect on [14C]-Gly-Sar transport. pH-dependent [3H]-proline transport was not inhibited by captopril, enalapril maleate or lisinopril. 4. Experiments with BCECF[2',7',-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein]-loaded Caco-2 cells demonstrate that dipeptide transport across the apical membrane is associated with proton flow into the cell. The dipeptide, carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) and the ACE inhibitors enalapril maleate and captopril, all lowered intracellular pH when perfused at the apical surface of Caco-2 cell monolayers. However, lisinopril was without effect. 5. The effects of enalapril maleate and captopril on [14C]-Gly-Sar transport and pHi suggest that these two ACE inhibitors share the H(+)-coupled mechanism involved in dipeptide transport. The absence of pH-dependent [14C]-lisinopril transport, the relatively small inhibitory effect on [14C]-Gly-Sar transport,and the absence of lisinopril-induced pHi changes, all suggest that lisinopril is a poor substrate for thedi/tripeptide carrier in Caco-2 cells. These observations are consistent with the greater oral availability and time-dependent absorption profile of enalapril maleate and captopril, compared to lisinopril.
Pharmacokinetics of Sulfamethoxypyridazine Following Intravenous Administration in Renal Impaired Goats (1999)

Abstract Kumar, S., Ahmad, A.H. and Sharma.L.D. 1999. Pharmacokinetics of sulfamethoxypyridazine following intravenous administration in renal impaired goats. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 16: 147–152. Pharmacokinetics of sulfamethoxypyridazine (SMPZ) was studied following intravenous dose (25mg/kg) in normal and renal impaired goats. Therapeutic concentration (25/*micro;g/ml) in plasma was maintained upto 4 and 18h in normal and renal impaired goats, respectively. The plasma elimination half life was 29h, 36 min in renal impaired goats compared to 6h, 5min in normal ones. The volume of distribution was similar in both normal and renal impaired goats. Clearance of SMPZ was significantly (p<0.01) lower in renal impaired goats (0.25ml/min/kg) compared to normal ones (lml/min/kg). Area under the curve was significantly (P<0.01) higher in renal impaired (100196μg/ml.min) compared to normal goats (24876μ/ml.min). Based on the pharmacokinetic parameters intravenous dosage regimen in renal impaired goats (priming dose of 27.5mg/kg followed by maintenance dose of 13mg/kg at 24h interval) and goats with normal kidneys (priming dose of 33.5mg/kg followed by maintenance dose of 20mg/kg at 8h interval) is recommended. Key words: Sulfamethoxypyridazinerenal impairmentgoats
Intraobserver and interobserver measurements of the anorectal angle and perineal descent in defecography (2000)

Intraobserver and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients of anorectal angle and perineal descent, which were measured by both methods, were more than 0.60, indicating that both methods are reliable and consistent for measurement of anorectal angle and perineal descent. However, centers should consistently use the same line for measurement of anorectal angle and perineal descent because of the statistically significant differences between the two methods and the possibility of inconsistent results.
Erstes technisches Verfahren mit ionischen Flüssigkeiten (2004)

Abstract Ionische Flüssigkeiten sind neuartige Materialien mit einem Eigenschaftsprofil, das bislang nicht zur Verfügung stand [1]. Das BASIL™‐Verfahren der BASF, das seit 2002 routinemäßig in der Produktion von Alkoxyphenylphosphinen eingesetzt wird, ist das erste Beispiel, bei dem ionische Flüssigkeiten gezielt in einem technischen Prozess genutzt werden.
Frequency dependent response of cardio-vascular system to foot based vibration while in the seated position (2002)

The objective of this study was to determine the frequency dependent response of heart rate variability (HRV) to mechanical vibration, applied at the feet with the subject in the seated position. Ten female volunteers in the age group of 22 to 70 were exposed to the vibration stimulus at each of 6 different frequencies (0, 15, 22, 44, 60, 88 Hz, 0.2g) for 20 minutes, with only one frequency per day being tested. Tests were carried out in a randomized manner for 6 weeks and blood pressure and continuous heart rate were recorded. Frequency analysis by FFT was used to evaluate HRV. Initial results suggest that both blood pressure and HRV can be affected by vibration at frequencies of 40 Hz and above.
Datation par thermoluminescence : contribution du CRIAA à une expérience internationale de mesure de dose annuelle béta (1988)

A l'initiative de Dr. E.H. Haskell (voir note 1), 8 laboratoires de datation par thermoluminescence ont participé à un programme international d'intercomparaison de méthodes de mesure de dose annuelle béta, en 1982 et 1983. Pour cette expérience, 10 échantillons de brique ont été distribués aux laboratoires participants. Après avoir explicité nos propres modes de mesure (fluorescence X, spectrométrie d'émission de flamme, spectrométrie d'émission de plasma, analyse par activation neutronique), nous analysons les résultats publiés par l'ensemble des laboratoires. L'accord entre les mesures est en général satisfaisant (de 3 à 8 % de dispersion relative selon les échantillons) ; les écarts les plus significatifs apparaissent pour les échantillons riches en potassium, la dosimétrie par TL tendant à fournir des valeurs plus élevées que les autres modes de mesure pour cette expérience. Nous discutons de la signification de ces observations.
The synthesis of polymeric surfactants for the operations of sterically-stabilized polyaniline colloids (1989)

Since 1986 several groups have described the preparation of spherical sub-micronic polypyrrole colloids in aqueous media. These polypyrrole particles were sterically-stabilized by an outer layer of physically adsorbed macromolecular surfactant (e.g., methylcellulose, poly(vinyl alcohol-co-vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), poly(4-vinyl pyridine-co-butyl methacrylate) etc.). However, most of these stabilizers cannot be used to prepare polyaniline colloids under similar reaction conditions. Recently we have reported the preparation of colloidal polyaniline using a tailor-made random copolymer containing pendant aniline groups. In the present work we describe two general methods for the synthesis of such stabilizers. In addition we present the first spectroscopic evidence that these pendant aniline groups participate in the in situ aniline polymerization, resulting in chemical grafting of the stabilizer to the polyaniline particles. 11 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.
Hepatitis B virus serological markers in Africans with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. (1984)

Serum samples were collected at the time of hospitalization from 221 black Africans suffering from cirrhosis and 453 suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These patients came from Senegal, Burundi and Mali, and 6655 adults from different population groups in these countries were used as controls. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) serum markers, including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HBs, antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), HBeAg and anti-HBe, were determined by radioimmunoassay, while alpha-fetoprotein and complexes between HBsAg and IgM were detected by ELISA tests. HBsAg was detected in 11.8-17.6% of controls as opposed to 63.3% of patients suffering from cirrhosis and 62.7% of patients suffering from HCC. There was less evidence for HBV replication in cirrhosis and HCC in older patients. A significant increase in the frequency of HBsAg/IgM complexes was found in passing from the HBsAg chronic carrier state (13.9%) to cirrhosis (29.9%) and finally to HCC (33.7%).
Chemical Control of Crupina vulgaris, a New Range Weed in Idaho and the United States (1981)

W. S. Belles, D. W. Wattenbarger, G. A. Lee, Chemical Control of Crupina vulgaris, a New Range Weed in Idaho and the United States, Journal of Range Management, Vol. 34, No. 6 (Nov., 1981), pp. 468-470
Testing site size requirements in chemisorption: Experiment and theory (1986)

‘‘Ensemble requirements’’ in surface chemistry refer to the number and shape of contiguous empty sites necessary for chemisorption of a particular molecule. Ensemble effects can play a major role in directing the course of surface reactions, leading, for example, to dramatic changes in catalytic selectivity when the active metal component is diluted upon alloying with an inert metal. We will review here fundamental surface science studies that have attempted to isolate and probe this site size requirement by diluting active sites on a single crystal surface with an inert metal overlayer. In these studies, initial sticking probability and saturation coverage are measured as a function of diluent metal coverage. We will emphasize recent results in our lab on the interaction of simple molecules (CO, H2, O2) with Cu-, Ag-, and Bi-dosed Pt(111). These show that the group IB metals (Cu, Ag, Au) are poor diluents since they cluster into two-dimensional islands. We find that adsorbed Bi spreads out uniformly over the surface and effectively tests ensemble sizes. Theoretical models based upon Monte Carlo simulations will be summarized which, when compared to such data, allow more accurate determination of ensemble sizes. These models predict uptake curves that deviate strongly from the commonly used (1−θ)A law (A=number of sites in ensemble), which is valid only for an array of isolated ensembles.
Analysis of the Journal Bearing Friction Losses in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine (2015)

Internal combustion engines (ICE) for the use in heavy-duty trucks and buses have to fulfil demanding requirements for both vehicle efficiency as well as for emission of greenhouse gases. Beside the piston assembly the journal bearings are among the largest contributors to friction in the ICE. Through a combination of measurements and validated simulation methods the journal bearing friction losses of a state-of-the-art heavy-duty Diesel engine are investigated for a large range of real world operating conditions. To this task recently developed and extensively validated simulation methods are used together with realistic lubricant models that consider the Non-Newtonian behaviour as well as the piezoviscous effect. In addition, the potential for further friction reduction with the use of ultra-low viscosity lubricants is explored. The results reveal a potential of about 8% friction reduction in the journal bearings using a 0W20 ultra-low viscosity oil with an HTHS-viscosity (The HTHS-viscosity is defined as the dynamic viscosity of the lubricant measured at 150 °C and at a shear rate of 106 s
Identification of Predominant Aroma Compounds in Muscadine Grape Juice (1997)

ABSTRACT The aroma components of muscadine ( Vitis rotundifolia Michx) grape juice were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry and GC/olfactometry (aroma extract dilution analysis). 2,5‐Dimethyl‐4‐hydroxy‐3(2H)‐furanone (furaneol), with a burnt sugar‐like aroma, was the most intense aroma in the juice. Other predominant compounds included 2,3‐butanedione, ethyl butanoate, ethyl 2‐methylbutanoate, 2‐phenylethanol, and o‐aminoacetophenone. These compounds were described as buttery/cream cheese, bubble gum/fruity, green apple/fruity, rosy, and foxy, respectively. Furaneol and o‐aminoacetophenone were thought to be responsible for characteristic candy and foxy‐like aroma notes of muscadine grape juice. Flavor dilution chromatograms were similar for juices prepared from grapes harvested on different dates and from different locations.
Modular distributed manufacturing systems and the implications for integrated control (1998)

Driven by the need for more responsive manufacturing processes and as a consequence of increasing complexity in products and production systems, this short paper introduces a number of developments in the area of modular, distributed manufacturing systems. Requirements for the development of such systems are addressed and, in particular, the relevance to current and future integrated control systems is examined. One of the key issues for integrated control systems in the future is the need to provide support for distributed decision-making in addition to existing distributed control capabilities. Modularity is typically introduced into a manufacturing operation to increase the flexibility of the operation both in terms of its range of functions and also its ability to be easily reconfigured in the face of changing conditions. Modularity almost always also leads to a distribution of functionality (not necessarily a physical distribution), and this paper examines the role of these two properties in the design and operation of manufacturing production units.
Analysis of the N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl) adduct of the food derived carcinogen PhIP using capillary electrophoresis (1997)

Conference Abstract| February 01 1997 Analysis of the N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl) adduct of the food derived carcinogen PhIP using capillary electrophoresis Sarah J. Crosbie; Sarah J. Crosbie 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London. U.K. W12 0NN Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Alan R. Boobis; Alan R. Boobis 2Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London. U.K. W12 0NN Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Nigel J. Gooderham Nigel J. Gooderham 3Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London. U.K. W12 0NN Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1997) 25 (1): 27S. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025027s Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation Sarah J. Crosbie, Alan R. Boobis, Nigel J. Gooderham; Analysis of the N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl) adduct of the food derived carcinogen PhIP using capillary electrophoresis. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1997; 25 (1): 27S. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst025027s Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1997 Biochemical Society1997 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Abstract 259: Histone Deacetylase1 and 2 Are Increased in Myofibroblasts/Fibroblasts After MI (2012)

Myofibroblast activation after myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the major mechanisms of myocardial fibrosis and subsequent heart failure. Elucidating the mechanisms of myofibroblast activation will provide a strategy to treat heart failure. Histone Deacetylases (HDAC) were reported to regulate myofibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix deposition in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Furthermore, HDAC inhibitors were shown to retards myocardial remodeling and improve cardiac function after MI. Therefore, here we examined whether HDAC1/2 are up-regulated after MI, and identify which myocardial cell type is predominately expressing HDAC. MI was created in rats by ligation of the left coronary artery. First, we assessed expression of HDAC 1 and 2 following MI in heart sections. Both HDACs uniformly expressed in myocardium in right ventricular (LV) and left ventricular (LV) in sham hearts. On the other hand, we observed up-regulation of both HDAC1 and 2 in the infarcted LV following MI. In addition, HDAC1 and 2 were co-localized with fibroblast marker Vimentin in the infarcted area. Next, we performed western blot analysis to investigate protein levels of HDAC1 and HDAC2 in right ventricular (RV), septum (S) and LV (infarcted and remote area). We found up-regulation of HDAC1 and HDAC2 only in the infarcted area compared to sham rats. Altogether these results suggest HDAC1 and 2 play a role in fibrosis following MI.
Probing Local Electronic Transitions in Organic Semiconductors through Energy‐Loss Spectrum Imaging in the Transmission Electron Microscope (2015)

Improving the performance of organic electronic devices depends on exploiting the complex nanostructures formed in the active layer. Current imaging methods based on transmission electron microscopy provide limited chemical sensitivity, and thus the application to materials with compositionally similar phases or complicated multicomponent systems is challenging. Here, it is demonstrated that monochromated transmission electron microscopes can generate contrast in organic thin films based on differences in the valence electronic structure at energy losses below 10 eV. In this energy range, electronic fingerprints corresponding to interband excitations in organic semiconductors can be utilized to generate significant spectral contrast between phases. Based on differences in chemical bonding of organic materials, high‐contrast images are thus obtained revealing the phase separation in polymer/fullerene mixtures. By applying principal component analysis to the spectroscopic image series, further details about phase compositions and local electronic transitions in the active layer of organic semiconductor mixtures can be explored.
Total Synthesis of (−)‐Amphidinolide E (2006)

The unique structural features of the cytotoxic marine macrolide (−)-amphidinolide E make it an intriguing synthetic target. Its total synthesis has now been completed by employing a radical cyclization of a β-alkoxy acrylate to form the oxolane ring, a Kocienski–Julia olefination to create the E CC bond, and a lactonization reaction to close the macrocyclic ring.
Alloanti‐c (RH4) revealing that the <i>(C)ce<sup>s</sup></i> haplotype encodes a partial c antigen (2009)

These data provide the evidence that anti-c in our patient was an alloanti-c and, consequently, that (C)ce(s) haplotype encodes a partial c antigen. The clinical significance of anti-c related to this haplotype should be evaluated in the future.
The effect of oestradiol-17β on the rate of synthesis of ribonucleic acid in rat uterus (1969)

Research Article| September 01 1969 The effect of oestradiol-17β on the rate of synthesis of ribonucleic acid in rat uterus R J Billing; R J Billing 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar B Barbiroli; B Barbiroli 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar R. M. S. Smellie R. M. S. Smellie 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1969) 114 (2): 37P–38P. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1140037Pb Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation R J Billing, B Barbiroli, R. M. S. Smellie; The effect of oestradiol-17β on the rate of synthesis of ribonucleic acid in rat uterus. Biochem J 1 September 1969; 114 (2): 37P–38P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1140037Pb Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1969 The Biochemical Society1969 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
<i>Azolla-Anabaena</i> Relationships (1978)

The N(2)-fixing Azolla-Anabaena symbiotic association is characterized in regard to individual host and symbiont contributions to its total chlorophyll, protein, and levels of ammonia-assimilating enzymes. The phycocyanin content of the association and the isolated blue-green algal symbiont was used as a standard for this characterization. Phycocyanin was measured by absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. The phycocyanin content and total phycobilin complement of the symbiotic algae were distinct from those of Anabaena cylindrica and a free-living isolate of the Azolla endophyte. The algal symbiont accounted for less than 20% of the association's chlorophyll and protein. Acetylene reduction rates in the association (based solely on the amount of algal chlorophyll) were 30 to 50% higher than those attained when the symbiont was isolated directly from the fern. More than 75% of the association's glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activities are contributed by the host plant. The specific activity of glutamate dehydrogenase is greater than that of glutamine synthetase in the association and individual partners. Both the host and symbiont have glutamate synthase activity. The net distribution of these enzymes is discussed in regard to the probable roles of the host and symbiont in the assimilation of ammonia resulting from N(2) fixation by the symbiont.
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Stimulates Surface Expression and Activity of Na+/H+ Exchanger NHE3 via Mechanism Involving Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (2000)

Na(+)/H(+) exchanger NHE3 is a plasma membrane (PM) protein, which contributes to Na(+) absorption in the intestine. Growth factors stimulate NHE3 via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), but mechanism of this process is not clear. To examine the hypothesis that growth factors stimulate NHE3 by modulating NHE3 recycling, and that PI3-K participates in this mechanism, we used PS120 fibroblasts expressing a fusion protein of NHE3 and green fluorescent protein. At steady state, approximately 25% of cellular NHE3 content was expressed at PM. Inhibition of PI3-K decreased PM expression of NHE3, which correlated with retention of the exchanger in recycling endosomal compartment. In contrast, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) increased PM expression of NHE3, which was associated with a 2-fold increase in rate constant for exit of the exchanger from the recycling compartment. Qualitatively similar effects of bFGF were observed in cells pretreated with PI3-K inhibitors, but their magnitude was only approximately 50% of that in intact cells. These data suggest that: (i) bFGF stimulates NHE3 by increasing PM expression of the exchanger; (ii) PI3-K mediates PM expression of NHE3 in both basal and bFGF-stimulated conditions, and (iii) not all of the effects of bFGF on NHE3 expression are mediated by PI3-K, suggesting additional regulatory mechanisms.
A Case of Intrahepatic Aneurysm with Arterioportal Shunt (2009)

動門脈瘻を伴う肝内動脈瘤の1例を経験したので報告する．症例は57歳の女性で，C型肝炎ウイルスによる肝硬変に発生した肝細胞癌の精査中に肝動脈瘤を診断された．血管造影検査にて左胃動脈より起始する副左肝動脈に径約3 cmの動脈瘤を認め，動門脈瘻を伴っていた．塞栓術による治療を検討したが，側副血行路と動門脈瘻があり，塞栓術単独での根治は困難と考えられたため，肝外側区域切除術を行った．病理組織学的には真性動脈瘤であった．本症は比較的まれな疾患で，破裂例の死亡率は高いが，近年では未破裂の肝動脈瘤が診断されることが増加している．根治には動脈瘤への完全な血流遮断が必要であるが，肝内動脈瘤では側副血行路の存在が問題となるため，慎重な検討が必要である．