gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Understanding, Preventing and Eradicating <i>Klebsiella Pneumoniae</i> Biofilms (2016)

The ability of pathogenic bacteria to aggregate and form biofilm represents a great problem for public health, since they present extracellular components that encase these micro-organisms, making them more resistant to antibiotics and host immune attack. This may become worse when antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains form biofilms. However, antibiofilm screens with different compounds may reveal potential therapies to prevent/treat biofilm infections. Here, we focused on Klebsiella pneumoniae, an opportunistic bacterium that causes different types of infections, including in the bloodstream, meninges, lungs, urinary system and at surgical sites. We also highlight aspects involved in the formation and maintenance of K. pneumoniae biofilms, as well as resistance and the emergence of new trends to combat this health challenge.
Parallel benchmarks on the Transtech Paramid (2002)

This paper presents the results of running the some benchmarks from the Genesis suite on the Transtech Paramid. The benchmarks use the PARMACS parallel processing standard, and are based on applications in the fields of general relativity, molecular dynamics and QCD. The Paramid is a distributed memory parallel computer, using up to 64 Intel i860-XP processors. The results demonstrate good parallel performance, and the ability of the machine to run standard portable software.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Assessment of Subconjunctival and Intrascleral Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2007)

An intrascleral infusion was successful in transporting Gd-DTPA to the posterior segment from an anterior infusion site with limited anterior segment exposure. The suprachoroidal space appears to be an expandible conduit for drug transport to the posterior segment. Further studies are indicated to explore the feasibility of clinical applications.
Optical properties of atomic thallium centres in alkali halides (1985)

The three-lowest-energy absorption bands of the Tl0(1) centres of KF, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, RbCl, and KI were identified by the technique of measuring their magnetic circular dichroism tagged by ESR and/or by measuring the excitation spectrum of the near-infrared emission band. The transition energies of the two lowest-energy absorption bands and the emission band as function of the lattice parameter can be explained by the atomic model with the change of the crystal-field splitting. The temperature dependence of the absorption and emission bands could be measured in all of the compounds except for NaCl and KF. Its analysis reveals two different effective phonon frequencies in each electronic state. The low frequency is due predominantly to an atomic Tl motion along the centre axis, while the higher frequency is associated with modes in which mainly the host-lattice ions are moving. A comparison of the frequencies in the ground and excited states suggests that the Tl atom is more relaxed towards the vacancy in the ground state than in the excited state.
Using Toll Data to Improve the Quality of Road Freight Transport Statistics (RFTS) on Austrian Roads (2020)

The European road freight transport statistics (RFTS) result from surveys, which are conducted by several states on the basis of EU-legislation. As there is no strict methodology for the implementation of these surveys, they are slightly different regarding the individual states. This article analyses the additional use of toll data to improve the European RFTS and to impute transport volume and performance of third states affecting the Austrian territory. First, it was attempted to derive journeys as defined in the RFTS from the toll data and assign them to their type of transport. These analyses were very elaborate but showed no satisfying results. The number of journeys from the RFTS data and toll data were too different to allow a reliable interpretation. Hence, this approach was rejected. A comparison of vehicle-kilometres on the higher road network between the two data sources proved to be more successful, as the differences were in an explainable and acceptable scope. Two thirds of them could be derived from methodological reasons regarding the survey in the respective member states and due to missing third states. On the basis of the vehicle-kilometres from the toll data a correction factor for the RFTS results of the individual member states and a procedure for the imputation of third states were developed and applied to publish weighted results.
Highly Regioselective Ring Opening of Epoxides with Polymer Supported Phenoxide and Naphthoxide Anions (2004)

Abstract Amberlite IRA‐400 supported phenoxide and naphthoxide anions are easily prepared. These polymer supported reagents that are highly air stable are used for the regioselective ring opening reactions of different epoxides to give aryl ether alcohols in high yields under mild reaction conditions. Keywords: Functionalized polymerPolymer supported phenoxidesPolymer supported naphthoxideAryl‐ether alcoholsEpoxide Acknowledgment We are thankful to Shiraz University Research Council for the partial support of this work.
Practical Synthesis of Two Different Pseudoenantiomeric Organocatalysts with <i>cis</i>‐Cyclohexanediamine Structure from a Common Chiral Source (2017)

Abstract An approach has been developed for the practical synthesis of two different, structurally robust, pseudoenantiomeric amino Tf‐amido organocatalysts with a cis ‐1,2‐cyclohexanediamine structure. These pseudoenantiomeric organocatalysts, which are very useful for the practical synthesis of both enantiomeric aldol products, are easily prepared from commercially available cis ‐4‐cyclohexene‐1,2‐dicarboxylic acid in a four‐step sequence. The Diels–Alder strategy of 2‐alkyl‐1,3‐butadiene and maleic anhydride would provide a general approach to the facile synthesis of various pseudoenantiomeric organocatalysts.
Detection of hepatitis a virus rna in serum from patients with acute hepatitis (1989)

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) RNA was extracted from the sera of patients with acute hepatitis and then detected by molecular hybridization using cloned HAV complementary DNA (cDNA). HAV RNA was detected in 20 of 85 patients with acute HAV infection, mainly during the prodromal stage, or early during the icteric phase of the disease; it was detected as long as 21 days after its initial detection. Patients with HAV RNA in the serum had a significantly higher titer of anti-HAV IgM.
Laser flash photolysis of 9-diazofluorene in low-temperature glasses (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLaser flash photolysis of 9-diazofluorene in low-temperature glassesJan Ruzicka, Elisa Leyva, and Matthew S. PlatzCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 3, 897–905Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00029a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00029a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views89Altmetric-Citations10LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Huge left-ventricular pseudoaneurysm compressing coronary artery 10 weeks after stabbing attack (2013)

This paper was guest edited by Prof. Dr T. Carrel, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, thierry.carrel@insel.ch 



A 27-year-old male patient was referred 10 weeks following a stab wound to his left chest, for which he underwent an emergency-thoracotomy to repair a left lung-laceration and penetrating left-ventricular injury at the time. After an initial unremarkable recovery, he now re-presented …
Location-Based Distance Measures for Geosocial Similarity (2017)

This article investigates the problem of geosocial similarity among users of online social networks, based on the locations of their activities (e.g., posting messages or photographs). Finding pairs of geosocially similar users or detecting that two sets of locations (of activities) belong to the same user has important applications in privacy protection, recommendation systems, urban planning, and public health, among others. It is explained and shown empirically that common distance measures between sets of locations are inadequate for determining geosocial similarity. Two novel distance measures between sets of locations are introduced. One is the mutually nearest distance that is based on computing a matching between two sets. The second measure uses a quad-tree index. It is highly scalable but incurs the overhead of creating and maintaining the index. Algorithms with optimization techniques are developed for computing the two distance measures and also for finding the k -most-similar users of a given one. Extensive experiments, using geotagged messages from Twitter, show that the new distance measures are both more accurate and more efficient than existing ones.
O2‐13‐01: INCIDENCE OF CEREBRAL MICROBLEEDS AND AMYLOID BURDEN: THE MAYO CLINIC STUDY OF AGING (2018)

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are associated with underlying cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) when located in a lobar distribution, and hypertensive arteriopathy when located in deep regions. However, the temporality of the association between amyloid PET and CMBs has not been examined. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of CMBs and whether amyloid burden on PET is associated with incident CMBs. We analyzed 567 Mayo Clinic Study of Aging participants age 50 years and older (54% male) with 3T MRI scans with at least two separate T2* GRE sequences from October 2011-August 2017. 489 (86%) underwent C-11-Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB) PET scans at the time of the baseline MRI scan. We performed logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between demographic factors and odds of incident CMBs (having developed on subsequent neuroimaging). We stratified by location to examine the relationship between PiB SUVR and lobar versus deep CMBs. The mean age (SD) of participants was 69.4 (9.8) years at baseline. 84 participants (15%) had at least one baseline CMB. The mean (SD) of the time interval between scans was 2.6 (0.9) years. The incidence of any CMB over the follow-up period was 9%. CMB incidence increased with age, from 5% in persons aged 50 to 59 years to 15% in participants of 70 years and older. Male sex (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) (2.12 [1.15, 3.91], p= 0.02) and greater PiB SUVR (2.65 [1.45, 4.83], p<0.001) were associated with increased odds of having an incident CMB while APOE ε4 carrier status was not (1.29 [0.71, 2.34]p=0.41). In a subsequent logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, sex, and APOE ε4 carrier status, greater PiB SUVR was associated with incident CMBs (1.48 [1.00, 2.17]p=0.048). When stratified by location, greater PiB SUVR was associated with lobar (1.62 [1.07, 2.45]p=0.02), but not deep CMBs (1.22 [0.59, 2.53] p=0.59). The frequency of new CMBs in the Mayo Clinic study of aging was 9% over an average of 2.6 years of follow-up. Greater amyloid PET burden was associated with the development of lobar, but not deep CMBs supporting CAA as the underlying pathophysiology.
Using Census Data and Birth Certificates to Reconstruct the Early-Life Socioeconomic Environment and the Relation to the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease (2001)

The early-life environment and its effect on growth and maturation of children and adolescents are associated with several adult chronic diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Because it is not feasible to collect information prospectively over the average life span, methods to reconstruct the early-life environment of the aged are necessary to evaluate these associations. In a community-based case-control study conducted in the United States, we collected U.S. census records and birth certificates to reconstruct the early-life socioeconomic environment of each elderly subject. Information was found on 82% of the available Alzheimer's disease cases (239 of 292) and 87% of the available controls (245 of 282). We investigated risk of Alzheimer's disease associated with father's occupation, parental age, household size, sibship size, and birth order. Subjects whose fathers were unskilled manual workers or laborers were at higher risk for Alzheimer's disease (odds ratio = 1.80, 95% confidence interval = 1.19--2.73). The risk of Alzheimer's disease was increased with increasing number of people in the household. We also evaluated whether subjects with the apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele (APOE epsilon 4), a strong genetic risk factor that is not a necessary cause or a sufficient cause by itself for the development of Alzheimer's disease, were at higher risk than subjects who did not carry this allele. Among subjects with the APOE epsilon 4 allele whose fathers held lower-socioeconomic level occupations, the odds of developing Alzheimer's disease were higher (odds ratio = 2.35, 95% confidence interval = 1.07--5.16) compared with subjects without the allele (odds ratio = 1.40, 95% confidence interval = 0.78--2.52). Subjects carrying the APOE epsilon 4 allele alone have a threefold increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (odds ratio = 3.17, 95% confidence interval = 1.99--5.04). Compared with subjects with neither risk factor, subjects with both the genetic and the environmental risk factors (household size of seven or more and father's occupation being manual) had a relatively high risk of Alzheimer's disease (odds ratio = 14.8, 95% confidence interval = 4.9--46). The data suggest that APOE epsilon 4 may modify the associations between father's occupation, other early-life environmental factors, and development of Alzheimer's disease in late life.
Carcinoma of the tongue and floor of the mouthresults of radical radiotherapy (1969)

A review was made of 104 cases of carcinoma of the tongue and floor of the mouth treated at the Hunter Radiation Center of the Yale New Haven Hospital from October 1958 through December 1966. This study was undertaken to determine the cure rates and complications of irradiation therapy in the management of this disease. The cure rates varied according to the location and stage of the tumor. The overall, corrected, cumulative 3-year survival was 45%. Serious complications developed in 5% of the patients. Twenty-six patients considered to be radiation failures underwent resectional surgery. The results of this study justify continuation of the approach thus far employed. To improve the cure rates, emphasis ought to be put on earlier detection of cases.
Effect of millimeter waves on cyclophosphamide induced suppression of T cell functions (2003)

The effects of low power electromagnetic millimeter waves (MWs) on T cell activation, proliferation, and effector functions were studied in BALB/c mice. These functions are important in T-lymphocyte mediated immune responses. The MW exposure characteristics were: frequency = 42.2 GHz; peak incident power density = 31 +/- 5 mW/cm(2), peak specific absorption rate (SAR) at the skin surface = 622 +/- 100 W/kg; duration 30 min daily for 3 days. MW treatment was applied to the nasal area. The mice were additionally treated with cyclophosphamide (CPA), 100 mg/kg, a commonly used immunosuppressant and anticancer drug. Four groups of animals were used in each experiment: naive control (Naive), CPA treated (CPA), CPA treated and sham exposed (CPA + Sham), and CPA treated and MW exposed (CPA + MW). MW irradiation of CPA treated mice significantly augmented the proliferation recovery process of T cells (splenocytes). A statistically significant difference (P <.05) between CPA and CPA + MW groups was observed when cells were stimulated with an antigen. On the other hand, no statistically significant difference between CPA and CPA-Sham groups was observed. Based on flow cytometry of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, two major classes of T cells, we show that CD4(+) T cells play an important role in the proliferation recovery process. MW exposure restored the CD25 surface activation marker expression in CD4(+) T cells. We next examined the effector function of purified CD4(+) T cells by measuring their cytokine profile. No changes were observed after MW irradiation in interleukin-10 (IL-10) level, a Th2 type cytokine, while the level of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), a Th1 type cytokine was increased twofold. Our results indicate that MWs enhance the effector function of CD4(+) T cells preferentially, through initiating a Th1 type of immune response. This was further supported by our observation of a significant enhancement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production by peritoneal macrophage's in CPA treated mice. The present study shows MWs ameliorate the immunosuppressive effects of CPA by augmenting the proliferation of splenocytes, and altering the activation and effector functions of CD4(+) T cells.
EGF-induced PIP2 hydrolysis releases and activates cofilin locally in carcinoma cells (2007)

Lamellipodial protrusion and directional migration of carcinoma cells towards chemoattractants, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), depend upon the spatial and temporal regulation of actin cytoskeleton by actin-binding proteins (ABPs). It is generally hypothesized that the activity of many ABPs are temporally and spatially regulated by PIP(2); however, this is mainly based on in vitro-binding and structural studies, and generally in vivo evidence is lacking. Here, we provide the first in vivo data that directly visualize the spatial and temporal regulation of cofilin by PIP(2) in living cells. We show that EGF induces a rapid loss of PIP(2) through PLC activity, resulting in a release and activation of a membrane-bound pool of cofilin. Upon release, we find that cofilin binds to and severs F-actin, which is coincident with actin polymerization and lamellipod formation. Moreover, our data provide evidence for how PLC is involved in the formation of protrusions in breast carcinoma cells during chemotaxis and metastasis towards EGF.
Introduction to Geophysics Dissertation Abstracts (2010)

Abstract Before ending his term as the SEG Editor, Kees Wapenaar noted that some interesting studies in applied geophysics are carried out by students who write their theses and earn their degrees but never publish the results elsewhere. He suggested that publishing abstracts of recently defended Ph.D. dissertations in Geophysics might be a valuable service to the SEG members. Both GEOPHYSICS editors and staff enthusiastically supported Kees’ idea. As a result, you see the first section of Dissertation Abstracts in GEOPHYSICS. The hope is that this section, which will now appear regularly, could introduce GEOPHYSICS readers to research that otherwise might go unnoticed and perhaps even prompt someone to contact authors of the abstracts or read the dissertations when links are provided.
The Role of Mood States Underlying Sex Differences in the Perception and Tolerance of Pain (2006)

While sex differences in pain reporting are frequently observed, the reasons underlying these differences remain unclear. The present study examined sex differences in self-report and physiological measures of pain threshold and tolerance following the administration of two laboratory pain-induction tasks. The primary study aim centered on determining whether repeated exposure to such tasks would yield sex differences in terms of pain threshold and tolerance. In addition, it was hypothesized that if such differences did exist, negative mood states might account for changes in pain ratings, threshold, and/or tolerance in subsequent exposure to noxious stimuli. Recruited from a convenience sample, 66 participants (44 female and 22 male) were exposed to both thermal and cold noxious stimuli at three separate times, while psychophysiological and self-report data were collected. Because women outnumbered men 2:1, Fisher z transformations were performed to determine whether the observed associations between mood states and pain ratings differed. We found stronger associations between fatigue and thermal-heat pain ratings for men at their first and third exposure to the pain task compared to women (z = 2.11, P < 0.05; z = 3.14, P < 0.001, respectively). Results indicated that women evidenced greater pain tolerance than men on both a behavioral and physiological level; however, they reported greater pain severity than men. Fatigue was also found to be particularly important to reports of pain severity in men and pain tolerance in response to noxious stimuli for women. Possible pathways in which mood states influenced these endpoints are discussed.
A technique for near-infrared autofluorescence imaging of skin: preliminary results (2006)

Melanin is essentially a nonfluoresent material under ultra-violet (UV) and short wavelength visible light excitation. However, fluorescence emission from in vivo cutaneous melanin has recently been detected spectroscopically under near-infrared (NIR) excitation by our group. The objective of this study is to develop an in vivo NIR autofluorescence imaging system for direct observation and characterization of melanin distribution in human skin. In the imaging system, light coming from a 785 nm diode laser is coupled into a ring light guide to uniformly illuminate the skin surface. The fluorescence or reflectance light is collected by an NIR-sensitive CCD camera with and without long-pass filters. Both reflectance and autofluorescence images of nevi from three volunteers were obtained with exposure time of less than 1 second. In NIR autofluorescence images the pigmented areas showed higher fluorescence than adjacent normal skin, thus confirmed the previous spectroscopic results and demonstrated great promises for using NIR autofluorescence for evaluating pigmented skin lesions.
Anticancer Activity of Narcissus Extracts in Mice (1973)

Anticancer activity of the alkaloidal and non-alkaloidal neutral fractions of narcissus bulbs has been demonstrated against Ehrlich ascites tumor and #6C3HED solid lymphosarcoma cells in mice. The residual alkaloid also showed moderate activity against syngeneic MCDV-12 leukemia cells in BALB/c mice and the 5th subfraction of neutrals (N-5) enhanced the activity of cyclophosphamide against the cells although N-5 itself was not active. The single ip administration of the neutral fraction was enough to eradicate Ehrlich ascites cells in about 50% of mice, while the alkaloidal fraction needed multiple administrations to suppress tumor growth. The cytotoxicity of the narcissus agents on KB cells was also investigated.