gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fully self-aligned 6F/sup 2/ cell technology for low cost 1Gb DRAM (2002)

A fully self-aligned BOC (Bit-line Over Capacitor) cell for 1 Gb DRAM is proposed. By a 6F/sup 2/ open bit-line cell layout and a dual isolation structure, active region was designed with a simple line-and-space configuration offering a large lithography process margin. A self-aligned cylindrical stacked capacitor and a bit line plug fabrication process were developed in order to obtain sufficient storage capacity and a large alignment tolerance. A test structure was made using the 0.4-/spl mu/m design rule and cell characteristics were investigated.
Preparation and characteristics of ZnS thin films by intense pulsed ion beam (1988)

A new deposition system has been developed for the preparation of ZnS thin films by an intense pulsed ion beam (1 MeV, 80 ns). The maximum beam-power density of ∼5 GW/cm2 is concentrated on ZnS, so that a high-temperature plasma is easily produced. The plasma composed of Zn and S expands to be deposited onto a substrate kept at room temperature. Clear evidence has been obtained on the production of polycrystalline ZnS thin films with hexagonal structure. The deposition rate is estimated to be ∼108 Å/s, which is several orders of magnitude higher than with any other method.
Vegetable Crop Pests (1992)

Pests of chenopodiaceous crops pests of composite crops - lettuce pests of cruciferous crops pests of cucurbit crops - marrow pests of leguminous crops pests of monocotyledon crops pests of solanaceous crops pests of umbelliferous crops.
QR-code generator (2010)

Quick Response (QR) codes seem to appear everywhere these days. We can see them on posters, magazine ads, websites, product packaging and so on. Using the QR codes is one of the most intriguing ways of digitally connecting consumers to the internet via mobile phones since the mobile phones have become a basic necessity thing of everyone. In this paper, we present a methodology for creating QR codes by which the users enter text into a web browser and get the QR code generated. Drupal module was used in conjunction with the popular libqrencode C library to develop user interface on the web browser and encode data in a QR Code symbol. The experiment was conducted using single and multiple lines of text in both English and Thai languages. The result shows that all QR encoding outputs were successfully and correctly generated.
INDOCYANINE GREEN-ENHANCED DIODE LASER TREATMENT OF MELANOMA IN A RABBIT MODEL (1993)

Indocyanine green (ICG)-enhanced laser therapy was evaluated for the treatment of experimental intraocular melanoma. Immediately after an intravenous injection of ICG, a 790-nm chromophore, 810-nm semiconductor diode laser was used to irradiate Greene hamster melanomas that had been implanted in the iris of rabbits. ICG-enhanced laser treatment of melanoma (14 eyes) was compared with treatment by laser alone (4 eyes), ICG alone (1 eye), and no treatment (2 eyes). Tumors treated with ICG-enhanced laser showed no growth after treatment, as judged by clinical examination and photography. Histologically, 4 of the 14 tumors treated with ICG-enhanced laser showed total necrosis, whereas the remaining 10 tumors treated similarly demonstrated only rare viable cells around blood vessels or at the tumor periphery. Laser treatment without ICG enhancement resulted in only superficial tumor necrosis, and all four of these tumors continued to grow after treatment. With further evaluation, indocyanine green in combination with a commercially available diode laser may be useful in the treatment of ocular melanoma.
Lipemia: causes, interference mechanisms, detection and management (2014)

In the clinical laboratory setting, interferences can be a significant source of laboratory errors with potential to cause serious harm for the patient. After hemolysis, lipemia is the most frequent endogenous interference that can influence results of various laboratory methods by several mechanisms. The most common preanalytical cause of lipemic samples is inadequate time of blood sampling after the meal or parenteral administration of synthetic lipid emulsions. Although the best way of detecting the degree of lipemia is measuring lipemic index on analytical platforms, laboratory experts should be aware of its problems, like false positive results and lack of standardization between manufacturers. Unlike for other interferences, lipemia can be removed and measurement can be done in a clear sample. However, a protocol for removing lipids from the sample has to be chosen carefully, since it is dependent on the analytes that have to be determined. Investigation of lipemia interference is an obligation of manufacturers of laboratory reagents; however, several literature findings report lack of verification of the declared data. Moreover, the acceptance criteria currently used by the most manufacturers are not based on biological variation and need to be revised. Written procedures for detection of lipemia, removing lipemia interference and reporting results from lipemic samples should be available to laboratory staff in order to standardize the procedure, reduce errors and increase patient safety.
Optical properties of gallium oxide films deposited by electron-beam evaporation (2003)

Thin films of gallium oxide were deposited by electron-beam evaporation on unheated substrates. Samples were deposited either without oxygen, or under an oxygen partial pressure of 5×10−4 mbar. The films were amorphous. Films deposited with oxygen were stoichiometric, whereas those deposited without oxygen were substoichiometric. The optical properties of the films were derived from measurements, at normal incidence, of transmittance and reflectance. Films deposited without oxygen had higher values of the refractive index and extinction coefficient. The energy gaps were 5.04 and 4.84 eV for films deposited with and without oxygen, respectively.
Fuzzy based time domain analysis approach for fault diagnosis of analog electronic circuits (2009)

A fuzzy logic system for the diagnosis of single and multiple faults in analog circuits is proposed in this paper. The simulation-before-test (SBT) approach has been employed. Given the description of the circuit-under-test (CUT), the step response is simulated and consistent measurements of the response parameters are made following which a comprehensive fault dictionary is compiled. The capability of the fuzzy logic paradigm to reorganize structured data into a numerical framework has been capitalized upon. Fuzzy rule bases are built to typify the behavior of the circuit under fault free and several faulty conditions. The adoption of the time response parameters results in a fault dictionary that is free from masking and hence augments accuracy in fault isolation. An illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the applicability of this method.
A distributed system client/server architecture for interactive multimedia applications (2002)

This paper discusses a distributed Client/Server architecture for interactive multimedia applications. It begins by identifying properties of these applications and its requirements. A simple model of the system is described prior to the description of the distributed multimedia server and client architecture. A brief description of various network choices to connect the server and the client is given.
Cost and availability tradeoffs in replicated data concurrency control (1993)

article Free Access Share on Cost and availability tradeoffs in replicated data concurrency control Authors: Akhil Kumar Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NYView Profile , Arie Segev Univ. of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA Univ. of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Transactions on Database SystemsVolume 18Issue 1pp 102–131https://doi.org/10.1145/151284.151287Published:01 March 1993Publication History 47citation637DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations47Total Downloads637Last 12 Months16Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A technical review and guide to RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (2020)

RNA-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful tool to visualize target messenger RNA transcripts in cultured cells, tissue sections or whole-mount preparations. As the technique has been developed over time, an ever-increasing number of divergent protocols have been published. There is now a broad selection of options available to facilitate proper tissue preparation, hybridization, and post-hybridization background removal to achieve optimal results. Here we review the technical aspects of RNA-FISH, examining the most common methods associated with different sample types including cytological preparations and whole-mounts. We discuss the application of commonly used reagents for tissue preparation, hybridization, and post-hybridization washing and provide explanations of the functional roles for each reagent. We also discuss the available probe types and necessary controls to accurately visualize gene expression. Finally, we review the most recent advances in FISH technology that facilitate both highly multiplexed experiments and signal amplification for individual targets. Taken together, this information will guide the methods development process for investigators that seek to perform FISH in organisms that lack documented or optimized protocols.
Face Detection Based on the Use of Eyes Tracking (2016)

Brand awareness is an important issue for the advertising. How to know the effective of every ad for business is always being studied. This paper present a face detection based on the use of eyes tracking system, that can track how long, does the consumer pays attention on current advertising. Firstly, we use the harr-likes features to capture the faces in the image. Secondly, with the similar feature we can locate eyes on each face, which is called the ROI. For each eye region, we then decide whether the consumer is interested to the advertising or not by considering the position of the eye ball. Usually when a consumer is attracted by an ad, their eye ball will locate at the center of the eye. With this manner, we can observe the user behavior sustained and then give the feedback to the business. Finally, we provided a user friendly interface to demonstrate the advertising results. Testing results show that our system can easily be used for business such that business can integrated other marketing strategies for further advertising.
Packaging technology for the NEC SX-3 supercomputers (1992)

Since the performance of a computer system is mainly related to the machine cycle time, improvement of the logic circuit delay is the key for high-speed operations. In order to show how to reduce the logic circuit delay, the characteristics required for LSI chips and packaging technologies are discussed and the technological trends in packaging and their limitations are considered. As a typical application of high-performance packaging technology, the NEC SX-3 Supercomputer packaging is introduced, featuring 9 in/sup 2/ polyimide-ceramic substrates, a microchip carrier, flipped TAB carrier (FTC), high-density multichip packaging, high-speed coaxial cable interconnections, and a water cooling system.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The CPG 5-kWe Dish-Stirling Development Program (1992)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Through a program sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Cummins Power Generation, Inc. (CPG) and Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) have entered into a joint venture to develop and commercialize economically competitive dish-Stirling systems for remote power applications. CPG plans to commercialize 5-kW<sub>e</sub> systems that can be used in remote locations for water pumping and village electrification, or connected to an existing utility grid. The $14 million Dish-Stirling Joint Venture Program (JVP) is being conducted in three phases over a 3 1/2-year period in accordance with the Cummins Total Quality System (TQS) for new product development. Sixteen systems representing three generations of technology will be fielded and tested. The JVP is being funded equally by a consortium led by CPG and the DOE. Following completion of the program, CPG's commercialization effort will continue with limited production expected to start in 1995.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper, the program plan and technical approach for the JVP is presented. A description and current status of the key components and discussions of the key technical issues are also provided.</div>
Static and Dynamic Support Systems-Pressure Differences on the Body (1976)

A study has been carried out, with five subjects, to assess the relative magnitude of the pressures which develop between the skin and the support media in eight areas of the body with the patient in a lying, semi-recumbent and sitting position. Two types of support systems have been used: a dynamic system—the Low Air Loss Bed System (LALBS)—and a static system, an Ellison type King's Fund (KF) bed. A separation indicator pad system was developed and used. It should be noted that with this method, accurate location and maintenance of the pads over bony prominences may be difficult. Additionally the pressure recorded is dependent on the material used in the construction of the pad and the area of the pad. Thus, comparison with other published results using normally the same technique cannot be made. Within such limitations the findings of this study show that there is a more even distribution of pressures with their magnitude generally less for the LALBS than for the KF type 4 in. thick foam mattress on a ribbed metal base. To prevent the development of pressure sores, two hourly changing of position on the KF type bed is required. On the LALBS attention must be paid to the position of the heel and elbow relative to the apex of the air sac. To change the position of a patient on a KF bed requires at least two nurses, with the expenditure of considerable physical effort. With the LALBS, the position of the patient can be adjusted by the patient or one nurse with relatively little effort.
Predicting the severity of a reported bug (2010)

The severity of a reported bug is a critical factor in deciding how soon it needs to be fixed. Unfortunately, while clear guidelines exist on how to assign the severity of a bug, it remains an inherent manual process left to the person reporting the bug. In this paper we investigate whether we can accurately predict the severity of a reported bug by analyzing its textual description using text mining algorithms. Based on three cases drawn from the open-source community (Mozilla, Eclipse and GNOME), we conclude that given a training set of sufficient size (approximately 500 reports per severity), it is possible to predict the severity with a reasonable accuracy (both precision and recall vary between 0.65-0.75 with Mozilla and Eclipse; 0.70-0.85 in the case of GNOME).
Pattern recognition : statistical, structural and neural approaches / Robert J. Schalkoff (1992)

Serotonin neurons of the caudal raphe facilitate ventilatory and sympathetic responses that develop following blood loss in conscious rats. Here, we tested whether serotonin projections to the caudal portion of the dorsomedial brain stem (including regions of the nucleus tractus solitarius that receive cardiovascular and chemosensory afferents) contribute to cardiorespiratory compensation following hemorrhage. Injections of the serotonin neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine produced >90% depletion of serotonin nerve terminals in the region of injection. Withdrawal of ∼21% of blood volume over 10 min produced a characteristic three-phase response that included 1) a normotensive compensatory phase, 2) rapid sympathetic withdrawal and hypotension, and 3) rapid blood pressure recovery accompanied by slower recovery of heart rate and sympathetic activity. A gradual tachypnea developed throughout hemorrhage, which quickly reversed with the advent of sympathetic withdrawal. Subsequently, breathing frequency and neural minute volume (determined by diaphragmatic electromyography) declined below baseline following termination of hemorrhage but gradually recovered over time. Lesioned rats showed attenuated sympathetic and ventilatory responses during early compensation and later recovery from hemorrhage. Both ventilatory and sympathetic responses to chemoreceptor activation with potassium cyanide injection were attenuated by the lesion. In contrast, the gain of sympathetic and heart rate baroreflex responses was greater, and low-frequency oscillations in blood pressure were reduced after lesion. Together, the data are consistent with the view that serotonin innervation of the caudal dorsomedial brain stem contributes to sympathetic compensation during hypovolemia, possibly through facilitation of peripheral chemoreflex responses.
The <i>Pyruvate decarboxylase1</i> Gene of Arabidopsis Is Required during Anoxia But Not Other Environmental Stresses (2003)

Ethanolic fermentation is classically associated with flooding tolerance when plant cells switch from respiration to anaerobic fermentation. However, recent studies have suggested that fermentation also has important functions in the presence of oxygen, mainly in germinating pollen and during abiotic stress. Pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), which catalyzes the first step in this pathway, is thought to be the main regulatory enzyme. Here, we characterize the PDC gene family in Arabidopsis. PDC is encoded by four closely related genes. By using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we determined the expression levels of each individual gene in different tissues, under normal growth conditions, and when the plants were subjected to anoxia or other environmental stress conditions. We show that PDC1 is the only gene induced under oxygen limitation among the PDC1 gene family and that a pdc1 null mutant is comprised in anoxia tolerance but not other environmental stresses. We also characterize the expression of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene family. None of the three genes is induced by anoxia but ALDH2B7 reacts strongly to ABA application and dehydration, suggesting that ALDH may play a role in aerobic detoxification of acetaldehyde. We discuss the possible role of ethanolic fermentation as a robust back-up energy production pathway under adverse conditions when mitochondrial function is disturbed.
Structure-function relationships in the metallo-beta-lactamase of Bacillus cereus 5/B/6 (1995)

The major route by which pathogenic bacteria become resistant to the chemotherapeutic action of ^lactam antibiotics is through the acquisition of a gene coding for the production of enzymes called p-lactamases (P-lactamhydrolase, E.C. 3.5.2.6) (Livermore, 1991). These enzymes catalyze the hydrolytic inactivation of this type of antibiotic, thereby rendering them ineffective as antimicrobial agents (Figure 1; Livermore, 1991). A wide variety of microorganisms produce these enzymes with gram-positive bacteria producing them at highest concentrations (Citri, 1970). The p-lactamases produced by these microorganisms are divided into three classes (A, B and C) based on their physicochemical properties (Ambler, 1980; Jaurin and Gundstrom, 1981). Class A and C enzymes resemble serine proteases in their use of a catalytic serine residue and the formation of an acyl-enzyme intermediate during substrate turnover (Rahil and Pratt, 1991; Fisher et aL, 1980). Class B enzymes on the other hand are characterized by their absolute requirement for a divalent transition metal ion for catalysis (Ambler, 1980; Jaurin and Gundstrom, 1981). The native enzyme is isolated containing a catalytic zinc atom. The serine active site enzymes are sensitive to those agents which covalently modify serine residues and several inhibitors have been designed for these enzymes which make use of this and/or their catalytic mechanism (Rahil and Pratt, 1991; Gledhill et aL, 1991). The addition of clavulanic acid to the currently available p-lactam antibiotics has extended their usefulness against resistant bacterial strains (Wainwright, 1990). The metalloenzymes however have no known specific inhibitors (although a single report in the literature by Bush et aL claims inhibition of all major structural classes of the P-lactam hydrolyzing enzymes by tazobactam; the data that is contained therein show no significant level of inhibition of the class B enzymes tested (Bush et aL, 1993), other than those agents which will sequester the metal ion from the peptide or denature the peptide. The latter reagents do not offer the specificity which would be required in a pharmaceutically relevant preparation.
An Improved Method for the Preparation of Colloidal Chitin by using Methanesulfonic Acid (1988)

Journal Article An Improved Method for the Preparation of Colloidal Chitin by using Methanesulfonic Acid Get access Shigehiro Hirano, Shigehiro Hirano Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Norio Nagao Norio Nagao Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Tottori University, Tottori 680, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Volume 52, Issue 8, 1 August 1988, Pages 2111–2112, https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1988.10868977 Published: 01 August 1988 Article history Received: 15 February 1988 Published: 01 August 1988
Loss of imprinting of the IGF-II and H19 genes in epithelial ovarian cancer. (2000)

To establish a possible role of genomic imprinting in the carcinogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer, we determined the imprinting status of both IGF-II and H19 genes in 43 ovarian cancers, 7 low malignant potential ovarian tumors, and their matched normal tissues. In ovarian cancer, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of IGF-II, H19 RsaI, and H19 AluI was found in 4 of 24 (16.7%), 3 of 20 (15%), and 1 of 16 (6.3%) samples, respectively. All patients with tumor specimens exhibiting LOH are of advanced clinical stages. Loss of imprinting (LOI) was found in 5 of 20 (25%) for IGF-II and in 4 of 17 (23.5%) and 1 of 15 (6.7%) for the RsaI and AluI sites of H19 gene with no LOH. However, no LOH was found in low malignant potential tumors, and only one of them showed LOI in H19 AluI site. Overexpression of IGF-II was demonstrated in all five LOI samples with normal expression of H19. Three of the five tumor specimens exhibiting LOI were transcribed from P1 promoter, whereas the remaining two were from the P3 promoter. These results suggested that LOH of both IGF-II and H19 genes was associated with advanced ovarian cancer. LOI of IGF-II and H19 genes may be involved in the development of ovarian cancer. Transcription of IGF-II from the P1 promoter may account for the biallelic expression of the IGF-II gene.
Increasing the capability of voltage-limited distribution feeders with distribution static condensers (1995)

This study examines the possible benefits of using D-STATCONs to dynamically regulate voltage on long distribution feeders that are limited by voltage regulation considerations. Specifically, the study compares the capability of voltage-limited feeders using traditional voltage regulators and switched capacitors with that of feeders using D-STATCONs located at strategic points on the line. It shows that the capability of a feeder (measured in MW-miles) which employs D-STATCONs may be considerably larger than that of a feeder with more traditional voltage regulating equipment (i.e., regulators and fixed or switched capacitors). In some instances, lines at the distribution voltage level equipped with D-STATCONs may constitute a reasonable alternative to new or backup transmission.