gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Low noise optical multi-carrier generation using optical-FIR filter for ASE noise suppression in re-circulating frequency shifter loop (2014)

In this paper, an improved multi-carrier generation scheme based on single-side-band recirculating frequency shifter with optical finite impulse response (FIR) filter for amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise suppression is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The carrier-to-noise-ratio (CNR) instead of tone-to-noise-ratio (TNR) is introduced to more reasonably and exactly evaluate the signal-to-noise-ratio of a multi-carrier source with non-flat noise floor. We have experimentally attain the worst case CNR of 22.5dB and 19.1dB for generated 50 and 69 flat low noise carriers, which has shown significant improvement than the previous cited works based on recirculating frequency shifter.
K-means with Three different Distance Metrics (2013)

The power of k-means algorithm is due to its computational efficiency and the nature of ease at which it can be used. Distance metrics are used to find similar data objects that lead to develop robust algorithms for the data mining functionalities such as classification and clustering. In this paper, the results obtained by implementing the k-means algorithm using three different metrics Euclidean, Manhattan and Minkowski distance metrics along with the comparative study of results of basic k-means algorithm which is implemented through Euclidian distance metric for twodimensional data, are discussed. Results are displayed with the help of histograms.
CoCoNuT: combining context-aware neural translation models using ensemble for program repair (2020)

Automated generate-and-validate (GV) program repair techniques (APR) typically rely on hard-coded rules, thus only fixing bugs following specific fix patterns. These rules require a significant amount of manual effort to discover and it is hard to adapt these rules to different programming languages.
Polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells (2011)

The efficiency of solar cells made from a conjugated polymer blended with a fullerene derivative has risen from around 1 % to over 9 % in the last ten years, making organic photovoltaic technology a viable contender for commercialization. The efficiency increases have resulted from the development of new materials with lower optical gaps, new polymer:fullerene combinations with higher charge separated state energies, and new approaches to control the blend microstructure, all driven by a qualitative understanding of the principles governing organic solar cell operation. In parallel, a device physics framework has been developed that enables the rational design of device structures and materials for improved organic photovoltaic devices. We review developments in both materials science and device physics for organic photovoltaics.
Synthesis and formation mechanism of porous 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate–ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymer beads (1992)

Abstract Porous poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) beads cross‐linked with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDM) were prepared by the suspension polymerization of the monomers in the presence of cyclohexanol or toluene as the diluents. A 20% aqueous NaCl solution containing MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O, bentonite, and gelatine was used as the water phase. In this way, spherical, highly swellable, and/or porous copolymer beads of sizes 0.1–1.0 mm could be synthesized at EGDM contents higher than 20 mol %. The copolymers formed in cyclohexanol, compared to those prepared in the absence of a diluent, exhibit a larger degree of volume swelling in water, indicating that most of the diluent remains in the gel phase throughout the copolymerization. Contrarily, toluene induces porous structures even at a very low degree of cross‐linking (41% porosity at 2 mol % EGDM). An interesting feature of HEMA–EGDM copolymerization in toluene is that the pore volume of the networks increases with increasing EGDM concentration up to 20 mol %, but it decreases again as the EGDM concentration further increases. The results can be explained with the differences in the solvating conditions of the copolymers depending on their EGDM contents.
Effect of Guanabenz and Hydrochlorothiazide on Blood Pressure and Plasma Renin Activity (1981)

Patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were treated with guanabenz plus placebo (26 patients) or guanabenz plus hydrochlorothiazide (26 patients) for one year. Ambulatory plasma renin activity was determined during placebo treatment, after four weeks and one year of treatment with the study drugs, and one month after discontinuation of guanabenz while continuing the same hydrochlorothiazide dosage. Treatment with guanabenz plus hydrochlorothiazide proved more satisfactory than treatment with guanabenz plus placebo in that fewer patients were treatment failures, a smaller dosage of guanabenz was required, better control of supine blood pressure was achieved, and no increase in guanabenz dosage was needed to maintain chronic blood pressure control. Drowsiness, dry mouth, and dizziness were the side effects noted most commonly. Plasma renin activity was not significantly suppressed by chronic guanabenz therapy. Thus, guanabenz is an effective new antihypertensive that provides optimal blood pressure control when used with a diuretic.
A new packet scheduling scheme and performance analysis of high speed packet data access (2008)

The provision of data services in 3G systems requires spectral efficiency solutions to increase the capacity of the radio access network as well as support for high data rates. In this context, the 3GPP introduces a new feature in the release 5 specifications denominated high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA). The HSDPA concept appears as an umbrella of features to improve both user and system performance. The concept includes a reduction of the transmission time interval (TTI) to 2 ms, an adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme, and a fast physical layer hybrid ARQ mechanism. In this paper the objective is to analyze the HSDPA performance for streaming, interactive, and background services. Relevant characteristics such as the QoS demands of the different traffic classes, the throughput and delay characteristics has been analyzed and compared with shared channel. We also propose a new packet-scheduling scheme for HSDPA transmission, which improves the overall performance and fairness among the packet users.
Use and Adoption Challenges of Wearable Activity Trackers (2015)

Wearable activity trackers are becoming widely adopted, yet challenges continue to exist in effective longterm use and adoption. Existing research focuses mostly on the use and adoption challenges associated with technicalor device-related issues and respective workaround strategies. Little is known about how personal preferences and other individual characteristics affect use and adoption of wearable activity trackers. In this paper, we present a six-week user study of 26 users using physical activity trackers embedded in clip-on and smart watch physical devices. We describe novel implications of the usage patterns, including the need to help people be mindful of their physical activity trackers, to understand and further articulate gender differences in use and adoption of wearable devices, to incorporate big data analytics in informing and coaching people’s practices, and to reframe data inaccuracy as a byproduct of mismanagement of expectations of the device’s capabilities and its expected usage.
Automatic seam-line determination for orthoimage mosaics using edge-tracking based on a DSM (2017)

A novel seam-line determination method was developed via edge tracking based on Digital Surface Model (DSM). The whole workflow includes 4 steps: generation of initial network with standard Voronoi Diagram, generation of edge diagram with DSM, relocation of vertices in the initial network based on edge diagram, and optimization of seam-lines using edge tracking algorithm based on edge diagram. This method is not sensitive to terrain since the edge diagram is detected by height gradient based on DSM. The edge tracking algorithm is also efficient since none shortest path searching algorithm (such as Dijkstra’s algorithm) is used. All the seam-lines are optimized based on a single edge diagram which has the same size as the DSM data. Preliminary results have shown that the proposed method produces acceptable results, from quality and efficiency perspectives.
Rubber and Resin Yield Performance of New Guayule Selections (1992)

Abstract Guayule ( Parthenium argentatum Gray) is a promising alternative to the rubber tree ( Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) for domestic production of natural rubber in semiarid regions. Guayule is not yet a crop and its commercialization will depend on the development of high rubber‐yielding cultivars. The objectives of this study were to determine if individual plant selection has been effective in improving rubber yield; to determine the suitability of California selections for rubber and resin production in Arizona; and to examine the extent of genotype‐by‐environment (G ✕ E) interactions in improved guayule selections. Plant height, width, dry weight, rubber content, resin content, rubber plus resin content, rubber yield, resin yield, and rubber‐plus–resin yield were measured for 24 guayule genotypes planted at Riverside and Palmdale, CA, and Maricopa, AZ, from 1986 to 1989. Genotypes were significantly different for all traits except for plant width and dry weight at Maricopa. The highest rubber yields were 743 kg ha −1 yr −1 at Riverside, 172 at Palmdale, and 564 at Maricopa. Genotype A9 at Riverside and Genotype A22 at Maricopa exceeded the mean rubber yield of two standard varieties by 163 and 66%, respectively, indicating that selection for increased rubber yield within heterogeneous germplasm has been successful. The highest resin yield was 1405 kg ha −1 yr−1 at Riverside, 668 at Palmdale, and 1006 at Maricopa. With rubber plus resin yields of 2085 and 1579 kg ha −1 yr −1 , Genotypes A4 and A22 appear acceptable for large‐scale production at Riverside and Maricopa, provided economic markets are found for guayule resin. The G ✕ E interaction effects were significant for all traits. Analyses of data suggested that both quantitative and qualitative differences in performance of genotypes in different locations were responsible for the observed G ✕ E interactions.
Eine einfache Synthese von<scp>L</scp>‐Lysin (1958)

Abstract Ausgehend von Caprolactam wird DL ‐α‐Aminocaprolactam gewonnen. Dieses lässt sich leicht in L ‐α‐Aminocaprolactam verwandeln. Hydrolyse des letzteren gibt quantitativ L ‐Lysin‐dihydrochlorid.
Implementation of a SDH STM-N IC for B-ISDN using VHDL based synthesis tools (1994)

payload. The current recommendations include SDH as the physical layer transmission standard. It is defined the BISDN user network interface (UNI) SDH-based at 155.52 Mbit/s, but there is a straightforward way of creating a 622.08 Mbit/s (or 2.48832 Gbit/s) frame from four (or sixteen) STM-1s according to [4]. A general VHDL description, allowing to synthesize a set of B-ISDN user network interface (UNI) ICs for the different SDH levels (155, 622,... Mbit/s), is presented. The synthesized UNI ICs allow a STM-1 on STM-N frame multiplexation or to directly perform the payload mapping of N 155 Mbit/s ATM cell streams on a STM-N frame in a compact and cost-effective manner. We have developed a general VHDL description that, by means of a VHDL synthesis tool, allows the designer to obtain a set of B-ISDN UNI ICs for the different SDH levels. The synthesized ICs perform the SDH overhead processing and provide payload mapping of ATM cells. Two main reasons have motivated this work: the implicit scalability of the SDH standard is a very suitable feature to be captured with the descriptive capability of VHDL. On the other hand, although at this time we need only the SDH basic rate (this work belongs to a project called UNICORN 1 ), in the future this project will require the design of UNI ICs at greater SDH rates. This work focuses on three points: a comparison between both hardware methods, a discussion on the suitableness of using VHDL, and the choice of the appropriate design-validation methodology .
Interpreting Cardiac Catheterization Data Part 2 (1975)

Data obtained by cardiac catheterization, properly interpreted, are an extremely useful supplement to information obtained from the medical history, physical examination, electrocardiography, chest x-ray examination, and other noninvasive diagnostic techniques. Elevations of pressure in the cardiac chambers and great vessels and corresponding patterns of pressure curves are discerned in the presence of various pathologic conditions affecting the heart. Blood samples are taken during cardiac catheterization for measurement of cardiac output and to detect intracardiac shunting. Attempts have been made to estimate the magnitude of shunts from abnormal dye-dilution curves. Exercise stress is often used during cardiac catheterization to evaluate overall cardiovascular performance. Angiocardiography gives a permanent graphic record of structural abnormalities. Myocardial lactate metabolism provides a means of evaluating the adequacy of coronary blood flow.
Specific occurrence of selenium in enzymes and amino acid tRNAs <sup>1</sup> (1987)

In contrast to the widespread ability of bacteria, plants, and animals to incorporate selenium nonspecifically into proteins in the form of selenomethionine residues, the selenoamino acid selenocysteine occurs as a highly specific component of a few selenium-dependent enzymes. Selenocysteine has been identified in glycine reductase, formate dehydrogenase, and hydrogenase of bacterial origin and glutathione peroxidase from mammalian and avian sources. In these enzymes there is evidence that the selenol group, which is largely ionized at physiological pH, functions as a redox center. It now seems clear, from studies with both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, that the UGA opal stop codon is used to specify the cotranslational insertion of selenocysteine into proteins. The factors that allow this unusual use of the stop codon are, however, unknown. The occurrence of selenium as a normal constituent of several bacterial tRNA species has been established. The presence of a selenonucleoside, 5-methylaminomethyl-2-selenouridine, in the first or wobble position of the anticodons of certain glutamate and lysine iso-acceptor species influences codon-anticodon interaction and thus may serve to regulate translational processes. The biosynthesis of the selenonucleoside appears to involve the ATP-dependent activation of the sulfur in a preformed 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine residue in tRNA and replacement of the sulfur with selenium.
Community languages at lajamanu (1990)

This paper is about the history of how the Warlpiri language changed in Warlpiri communities, particularly Lajamanu, due to the impact of non-Aboriginal people coming into Warlpiri land in the Tanami Desert.
Anaerobic and aerobic skin bacteria before and after skin-disinfection with chlorhexidine: an experimental study in volunteers. (1975)

The amount, composition, and localization of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria in the normal skin before and after disinfection were the subject of a volunteer study. The superficial bacterial flora were sampled by velvet pad imprints, and the deep flora were determined from whole skin biopsies. Only one anaerobic species, Propionebacterium acnes, was encountered even though other and more strict anaerobic bacteria could have been grown with the anaerobic technique employed. Staphylococcus albus dominated among the aerobic superficial bacteria, while diphtheroids, Micrococcus spp., and lactobacilli occurred sporadically. The deep aerobic bacteria were present in a significantly greater amount than the anaerobic. A two-step cleansing/disinfection procedure was evaluated in vivo in volunteers as well as in surgical patients, and aqueous cetrimide/chlorhexidine (Savlon) followed by chlorhexidine in alcohol (Hibitane) almost eradicated both the superficial and deep anaerobic and aerobic skin flora.
Substituent Diversity-Directed Synthesis of Indole Derivatives (2009)

This paper reports a versatile, good-yielding, solution-phase method that is a substituent diversity-directed synthesis of 1H-indoles (6-13, 17-20) and 1-hydroxyindoles (14, 15) starting from commercially available 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. The synthetic products possessed the maximum six diversity points.
A smart card based user authentication scheme for multi-server environment (2011)

There are many severs that provide various services in the Internet. A user authentication scheme for these servers is a precondition. User authentication schemes are many studied by researchers for a multi-server environment. But user authentication doesn't secure safety in a multi-server environment that exist many servers by currently used authentication. Because we can't prove that all servers are safe, there are a variety of attacks like a Server spoofing, Password or Verification table attack, User Impersonation attack and Reply attack. To solve these problems, existing paper proposed various schemes using a public key algorithm, one-way hash function and mixed them together. And recently, more efficient authentication schemes are proposed by Tsai, Liao-Wang and Wang-Juang-Lei. However, Tsai's and Liao-Wang's scheme have an impersonation attack and a server spoofing. Wang-Juang-Lei's scheme has a password synchronization problem. And their's also can't ensure a forward secrecy. In this paper, we designed to be registered the unique value of its own into the Smart Card at the Registration phase for secure communication between the Smart card and user. This value SCV is encoded by operating the hash function. And because of this value, even if communication data is exposed between the Smart Card and User, however, can ensure safety. And also to solve a password synchronization problem, our scheme is designed safely, even if isn't continuously changed the password. And our proposed method use only one-way hash function. Thus, we can ensure more efficient and high safety than in the existing method.
Enforcing Access Control in Distributed Version Control Systems (2019)

Version control systems (VCS), including central VCS (CVCS) and distributed VCS (DVCS), are widely adopted to manage the changes to various types of data. Unlike the CVCS where all the entities obtain the data from the server and the access control is enforced with the cooperation of the server, each entity in the DVCS stores the entire repository, obtains the repository shared by any entity and is free to share its own repository. Therefore, existing access control schemes for CVCS are not suitable for DVCS. In this paper, we present a distributed access control scheme (Disac) for DVCS. Disac makes each entity have the whole control on its data, while the access control is enforced at each entity independently. We adopt Attribute-based Encryption (ABE) and Attribute-based Signature (ABS) to achieve the read and write permission control. The analysis of the Git client demonstrates that Disac is easy to be integrated.
Tetraspanin CD151 Promotes Cell Migration by Regulating Integrin Trafficking (2007)

Regulation of cell migration is an important feature of tetraspanin CD151. Although it is well established that CD151 physically associates with integrins, the mechanism by which CD151 regulates integrin-dependent cell migration is basically unknown. Given the fact that CD151 is localized in both the plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles, we found that CD151 and its associated alpha3beta1, alpha5beta1, and alpha6beta1 integrins undergo endocytosis and accumulate in the same intracellular vesicular compartments. CD151 contains a YRSL sequence, a YXXvarphi type of endocytosis/sorting motif, in its C-terminal cytoplasmic domain. Mutation of this motif markedly attenuated CD151 internalization. The loss of CD151 trafficking completely abrogated CD151-promoted cell migration on extracellular matrices such as laminin and diminished the internalization of its associated integrins, indicating a critical role for integrin trafficking in regulating cell motility. In conclusion, the YXXvarphi motif-mediated internalization of CD151 promotes integrin-dependent cell migration by modulating the endocytosis and/or vesicular trafficking of its associated integrins.
Epidemiology of Obesity (2005)

The prevalence of obesity is increasing at an alarming rate in many parts of the world. In White populations living in the west and north of Europe, Australia, and the United States, the prevalence of obesity is similarly high in men and women. In countries with relatively low gross national product, such as those in Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Latin-America, and Africa, the prevalence is 1.5 to 2 times higher among women than among men. Within affluent societies, the rates of obesity seem to be more common among women at older ages (65 years) and in groups with relatively low socioeconomic status. It can be tentatively concluded that obesity is particularly common in women living in relatively poor conditions.
Diastereoselective [2,3] Wittig rearrangement of carbohydrate-derived tertiary allylic ethers. 2. Synthesis of an advanced rapamycin intermediate from D-glucose. (1993)

The advanced rapamycin intermediate 26 has been prepared by an iterative sigmatropic sequence incorporating the diastereoselective [2,3] Wittig rearrangement of a D-glucofuranose-derived tertiary allylic ether.
Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis (1994)

Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis Get access European Heart Journal, Volume 15, Issue suppl_2, September 1994, Pages 49–50, https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/15.suppl_2.49 Published: 11 September 1994
[The central mechanism of corticoids in the incidence of stress-induced hypertension]. (1996)

We observed that in rats during the incidence of hypertension induced by stress, an increase in the plasma concentrations of catecholamines, corticosterone, glucose and lipids is parallel with an elevation of blood pressure and heart rate. Microinjection of corticoids into the rVLM elicits an effect of pressor, tachycardia and enhancement of pressor response to stimulation of the defense area, this may be one of the important causes in the incidence of stress-induced hypertension. This effect is taken place by a rapid membrane effect of the corticoids on the cardiovascular neurons in the rVLM, which is related to an abnormal enhancement of cholinergic activity and activation of calcium channel. Whereas NO plays an inhibitory effect on the cardiovascular neurons in the rVLM.
Post‐translational regulation of antiviral innate signaling (2017)

The innate immune system initiates immune responses by pattern-recognition receptors (PRR). Virus-derived nucleic acids are sensed by the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) family and the toll-like receptor (TLR) family as well as the DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS). These receptors activate IRF3/7 and NF-κB signaling pathways to induce the expression of type I interferons (IFNs) and other cytokines firing antiviral responses within the cell. However, to achieve a favorable outcome for the host, a balanced production of IFNs and activation of antiviral responses is required. Post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as the covalent linkage of functional groups to amino acid chains, are crucial for this immune homeostasis in antiviral responses. Canonical PTMs including phosphorylation and ubiquitination have been extensively studied and other PTMs such as methylation, acetylation, SUMOylation, ADP-ribosylation and glutamylation are being increasingly implicated in antiviral innate immunity. Here we summarize our recent understanding of the most important PTMs regulating the antiviral innate immune response, and their role in virus-related immune pathogenesis.