gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A simple one pot synthesis of 1‐(<i>s</i>‐triazolo[4,3‐<i>x</i>]azinyl‐3)‐substituted polyols (1997)

Abstract Open‐chain C ‐nucleosides, 1‐( s ‐triazolo[4,3‐ x ]azinyl‐3)polyols 13–18 were prepared by one‐pot synthesis from hydrazinoazines 20a,c and various D ‐aldoses 1–6. No protective groups were required for these transformations. 1‐( s ‐Triazolo[4,3‐ b ]pyridazinyl‐3)‐ D ‐ xylo ‐tetritol (15a) was isolated and characterised in the form of its 4‐ O ‐triphenylmethyl derivative 19. Reaction of hydrazinopyridazines 20a,b with methyl 2,3‐di‐ O ‐acetyl‐ L ‐threuronate ( 22 ), followed by treatment with bromine, gave the corresponding (2 R ,3 S )‐2,3‐diacetoxy‐3‐( s ‐triazolo[4,3‐ b ]pyridazinyl‐3)propanoic acid methyl esters 24a,b. Acetonisation of 1‐(6‐chloro‐ s ‐triazolo[4,3‐ b ]pyridazinyl‐3)‐ D ‐ gluco ‐pentitol ( 17a ) gave a mixture of isomeric bis‐acetonides 25 and 26 , while acetonisation of 1‐(6‐chloro‐ s ‐triazolo[4,3‐ b ]pyridazinyl‐3)‐ D ‐ manno ‐pentitol ( 18a ) gave acetonide 27 as a single isomer.
Design and simulation of a multistable nano-actuator (2014)

The design of a monolithic multistable nano-actuator is presented. Then, a mathematical model and a finite element model (FEM) are constructed and compared. This multistable nano-actuator is based on four parallel coupled bistable modules. Each bistable module uses three central clamped bistable buckled beams as the bistable mechanism. In order to have an output at nano-scale, a flexible hinges based stroke reducing structure is integrated for each bistable module. A bistable module has two stable output positions. The four bistable modules are coupled through levers which are connected by flexible hinges in the aim to get sixteen discrete output positions. By appropriate design, these output positions can be linearly distributed over an axis. The designed nano-actuator presented in this work has linearly distributed output positions from 0 to 150nm with a constant step about 10nm.
Senescence Mutants of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> With a Defect in Telomere Replication Identify Three Additional <i>EST</i> Genes (1996)

The primary determinant for telomere replication is the enzyme telomerase, responsible for elongating the G-rich strand of the telomere. The only component of this enzyme that has been identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the TLC1 gene, encoding the telomerase RNA subunit. However, a yeast strain defective for the EST1 gene exhibits the same phenotypes (progressively shorter telomeres and a senescence phenotype) as a strain deleted for TLC1, suggesting that EST1 encodes either a component of telomerase or some other factor essential for telomerase function. We designed a multitiered screen that led to the isolation of 22 mutants that display the same phenotypes as est1 and tlc1 mutant strains. These mutations mapped to four complementation groups: the previously identified EST1 gene and three additional genes, called EST2, EST3 and EST4. Cloning of the EST2 gene demonstrated that it encodes a large, extremely basic novel protein with no motifs that provide clues as to function. Epistasis analysis indicated that the four EST genes function in the same pathway for telomere replication as defined by the TLC1 gene, suggesting that the EST genes encode either components of telomerase or factors that positively regulate telomerase activity.
Flexible Mask Subtraction For Digital Angiography (1988)

We describe a parallel structured algorithm that suppresses motion artifacts in coronary digital subtraction angiography (DSA). DSA involves the subtraction of a "mask" -- an image of the heart before injection of contrast medium -- from a "live" image. The mask and live images are x-ray images of the heart before and after, respectively, the injection of contrast medium. Although the two images are at the same or nearly the same phase of the cardiac cycle, physical changes occurring in the interim between the acquisition of the images produce several artifacts and distortions. Among these artifacts and distortions are mean gray-level shift, rotation, translation and nonisotropic scaling. The artifacts and distortions are spatially and temporally varying. In our algorithm each image is partitioned into an array of rectangular segments. Each segment is first matched to the mask, then transformations of rotation, translation and nonisotropic scaling are carried out iteratively, converging to the best match in the least squares sense. This algorithm, we believe, is an improvement over earlier methods, because it is fully automatic, it overcomes nonisotropic scaling artifacts, it gives a good correction for gray level variations, and it offers a matching accuracy of 0.1 pixel or better. Experimental results on both phantoms and real images are presented.
Biased and Constitutive Signaling in the CC-chemokine Receptor CCR5 by Manipulating the Interface between Transmembrane Helices 6 and 7 (2013)

The equilibrium state of CCR5 is manipulated here toward either activation or inactivation by introduction of single amino acid substitutions in the transmembrane domains (TMs) 6 and 7. Insertion of a steric hindrance mutation in the center of TM7 (G286F in position VII:09/7.42) resulted in biased signaling. Thus, β-arrestin recruitment was eliminated, whereas constitutive activity was observed in Gαi-mediated signaling. Furthermore, the CCR5 antagonist aplaviroc was converted to a full agonist (a so-called efficacy switch). Computational modeling revealed that the position of the 7TM receptor-conserved Trp in TM6 (Trp-248 in position VI:13/6.48, part of the CWXP motif) was influenced by the G286F mutation, causing Trp-248 to change orientation away from TM7. The essential role of Trp-248 in CCR5 activation was supported by complete inactivity of W248A-CCR5 despite maintaining chemokine binding. Furthermore, replacing Trp-248 with a smaller aromatic amino acid (Tyr/Phe) impaired the β-arrestin recruitment, yet with maintained G protein activity (biased signaling); also, here aplaviroc switched to a full agonist. Thus, the altered positioning of Trp-248, induced by G286F, led to a constraint of G protein active, but β-arrestin inactive and thus biased, CCR5 conformation. These results provide important information on the molecular interplay and impact of TM6 and TM7 for CCR5 activity, which may be extrapolated to other chemokine receptors and possibly to other 7TM receptors.
Alpha 2-macroglobulin binds and inhibits activated protein C (1991)

In previous studies using a nonhuman primate model of Protein C (PC) activation in vivo, immunoblotting showed substantial amounts of activated PC (APC) in a high molecular weight complex with what was presumed to be a previously unrecognized APC binding protein. This APC complex can also be formed in citrated plasma in vitro. It is of low electrophoretic mobility, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) stable, with an apparent Mr of 320 Kd. Its purification from human plasma was accomplished using barium citrate adsorption, sequential polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitations, diethylaminoethyl sepharose chromatography, AcA-34 gel filtration, and zinc-chelate affinity chromatography. This was monitored by subjecting the fractions to nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), transfer to polyvinylidene-difluoride membranes, and probing with 125I-labeled human APC. The purified APC-binding protein was homogeneous by SDS-PAGE with an Mr of 275 Kd. Its identity as alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) was demonstrated immunochemically. Complex formation between alpha 2M and APC was found to be almost completely inhibited by EDTA, but to a lesser extent by citrate. Complex formation could also be prevented by active site inhibition with D-Phenylalanyl-L-Prolyl-L-Arginine- Chloromethyl Ketone (PPACK) or pretreatment of alpha 2M with methylamine. Incubation of APC (33 nmol/L) with alpha 2M (1 mumol/L) resulted in time-dependent inhibition of APC anticoagulant activity when measured using an activated partial thromboplastin time based APC assay. These data show that alpha 2M binds and inhibits APC in vitro and the interaction is both metal-ion and active-site dependent, requiring functionally intact alpha 2M. As the complexes formed in vitro comigrate electrophoretically with those observed in vivo after PC activation, it is suggested that alpha 2M is a physiologically relevant inhibitor involved in the processing of APC in vivo.
Thermal behavior of functionalized conventional polyaniline with hydrothermally synthesized graphene/carbon nanotubes (2019)

Conventional polyaniline (PANI) was mixed as a binder polymer matrix with carbonous materials. Hydrothermal technique was utilized to fabricate a nanocomposite of graphene (G)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The morphological features and quality of the synthesized PANI, G/CNTs, and their mixtures were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirm the formation of wide area graphene sheets with folds around the edges. In addition, the hydrothermally fabricated G/CNTs exhibited a uniform distribution with partial agglomeration. However, adding their mixture to PANI generated a mesh like porous morphology which demonstrates an enhancement in surface area and providing 3D conduction network. Moreover, Raman spectra confirm the quality of the synthesized samples. The generated disorder and defects within the structure, and the ratio of quinoid ring (Q) to benzenoid (B) ring in the fabricated samples were depicted. In addition, the enhancement in thermal parameters and reversing the thermo-electric carrier type into N-type after doping were attributed to the generated facile conduction paths of G/CNTs.
Repeated High Doses of Clopidogrel in 2 Cases of Pharmacological Resistance (2008)

In the case of stent thrombosis and resistance to clopidogrel, choices of an alternative drug remain limited. In 2 cases of subacute stent thrombosis associated with clopidogrel resistance, an adequate response was obtained in these patients after repeated loading doses of clopidogrel.
Thermodynamic Correlation Between Proton Solubility and Hole Conductivity in Ceria‐Based Fluorite Oxides (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Polymers Containing a Novel Class of Light Emitters (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTSynthesis and Photophysical Properties of Polymers Containing a Novel Class of Light EmittersNicolas Leclerc, Marie-Christine Pasareanu, and André-Jean AttiasView Author Information Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR CNRS 7610, 4, Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France Cite this: Macromolecules 2005, 38, 5, 1531–1534Publication Date (Web):February 10, 2005Publication History Received15 December 2004Revised22 January 2005Published online10 February 2005Published inissue 1 March 2005https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma047424ohttps://doi.org/10.1021/ma047424orapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views354Altmetric-Citations12LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Chromophores,Copolymerization,Copolymers,Monomers,Polymers Get e-Alerts
Quantized and sampled control of linear second order systems (2009)

Continuous systems are today controlled digitally. It is therefore necessary to consider the effects of quantization and sampling. We show that any second-order LTI system can be controlled exactly by fixed quantized feedback independently from the resolution of the sensors. When sampling is considered, only practical stabilization can be achieved and the size of the limit cycle depends on the sampling rate.
Linear and quadratic Stark effect studies of the Cs ground state using Faraday-Ramsey spectroscopy (2002)

Spin alignment created by optical pumping with linearly polarized resonance radiation in a thermal beam of cesium atoms is allowed to evolve in static electric and/or magnetic fields over a distance of 30 cm and is probed downstream via the paramagnetic Faraday rotation. When scanning the applied fields typical Ramsey fringes are obtained, although no oscillating fields are used. With a suitably chosen field geometry one observes a linear Stark effect, which may be interpreted in terms of the Aharonov- Casher phase shift and which allows to calibrate the electric field. In another geometry the technique can be used to measure the electric tensor polarizability of the Cs ground state. This polarizability is suppressed by 6 or 7 orders of magnitude with respect to the scalar polarizability. The measurement is expected to shine more light on a long standing discrepancy between theory and experiment.
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MECHANICAL TENSILE BEHAVIOR AND MICRO-MECHANISMS IN POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE) AT HIGH TEMPERATURES: INFLUENCE OF THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION (2002)

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a crystalline polymer known for its multiple crystalline phases. When elongated at room temperature before necking, the nucleation and growth of micro-voids is a major process. No phase transition was observed. In this paper, micromechanisms of deformation are studied and linked to the macroscopic mechanical tensile behavior at temperatures higher than 100°C and after necking. Cavitation, crystalline phase transitions and orientation process are investigated by small and wide angle x-ray experiments. Two PVDF with different molecular weight distributions are considered. These microstructure differences mainly affect cavitation.
Epitaxial Pb(Zrx,Ti1−x)O3 (0.30 ≤ x ≤ 0.63) films on (100)MgO substrates for energy harvesting applications (2012)

Piezoelectric energy harvesting systems are of interest as a long-term power source for low-power wireless sensors. Transduction from elastic to electrical energy depends on the product of the piezoelectric charge and voltage coefficients; optimization of this figure of merit is an essential step towards improved microelectromechanical energy harvesting devices. This work reports on the composition dependence on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of epitaxial {001}Pb(Zrx, Ti1−x)O3 films grown by chemical solution deposition and crystallized at 650 °C on (100)Pt//(100)MgO substrates for 0.63 ≤ x ≤ 0.30. The power generation figure of merit shows the greatest magnitude at compositions near x = 0.52, for which e31,f = −12 C/m2 and εr = 420. Lattice parameters were determined as a function of [Zr] to assess when comparisons to single domain properties calculated from Landau-Devonshire theory were appropriate. Furthermore, films doped with 1 at. % Mn had the highest observed figure of merit, four times greater than of AlN.
FATIGUE THRESHOLDS AND DUCTILE‐BRITTLE TRANSITIONS IN Ti‐30Mo (1981)

Abstract— Substantial effects of hydrogen are found on the DBTT and cleavage fracture stress in both cathodically and gas phase charged samples of a BCC Ti alloy. Fatigue thresholds when plotted as a function of temperature exhibit a peak and this peak shifts towards higher temperatures when the hydrogen level is increased. An elastic calculation of static threshold stress intensities using experimentally observed fracture stress parameters show a similar trend to fatigue threshold stress intensities.
Changing shape of disease: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Crohnʼs disease—A case series and review of the literature (2011)

NAFLD is increasing in incidence and prevalence among the general population. With improvements in therapy, NAFLD is likely increasing among the CD population as well. When evaluating an IBD patient with abnormal LFTs, clinicians need to consider NAFLD. NAFLD may impact IBD management in the future if therapeutic modalities are limited due to elevated LFTs. Further, patients should be monitored for excessive weight gain and counseled regarding healthy dietary and exercise habits.
Adsorption – a Successful and Versatile Separation Technique Continuously Improved at Linde (2010)

Abstract The current Linde adsorption processes, whether using pressure swing adsorption (PSA) operations for purifying hydrogen or methane, vacuum PSA for producing oxygen or temperature swing adsorption for H 2 O and CO 2 retention in front of air separation plants, were developed from the first steps some 30 years ago to today's high standards of process maturity and reliability. Numerous experiences from plants worldwide, in conjunction with increasingly refined design and operation tools and high‐performance laboratory test units have helped to create an ever‐expanding set of improvements for adsorption plant concepts and process implementations.
Molecular mechanisms of RNAi: Implications for development and disease (2005)

Research over the past few years has led to dramatic new discoveries on the role of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in the cell. RNA duplexes have been shown to orchestrate epigenetic changes, repress translation, and direct mRNA degradation in a sequence-specific manner. These diverse effects of dsRNA on gene expression have been termed RNA interference (RNAi). In addition to playing a role in viral defense and silencing transposons, RNAi also has a critical function in a number of developmental processes in the embryo. In this review, we explore these roles and discuss the molecular mechanisms behind dsRNA-mediated gene silencing. Further, we address the use of RNAi as a tool to study gene function in biology, and as a strategy for treating human disease.
Design and construction of a prehydrated sand–bentonite liner to contain brine (1988)

The containment of brine in shallow ponds is one of the most serious problems facing waste-management engineers today. Brine waste is produced in many mining and processing operations. It is characterized by high salt concentrations which may seriously contaminate groundwater if not successfully contained. However, brine reacts chemically with clays used in liner construction. As brine permeates the liner, physicochemical interactions between the clay and brine lead to a reduction in volume of the liner. This shrinkage may cause cracking of the liner and the creation of a highly fractured permeable macrostructure.Numerous techniques have been tried to find an effective and economical method of containing brine. Some of these techniques have involved the use of soil, concrete, asphalt, and synthetic liners. However, all of these techniques have major deficiencies in either cost or effectiveness. This paper presents a case study of the first attempt to solve the volume change problem by designing and constructing a sand–bentonite liner prehydrated with brine. The design was based on the results of a triaxial permeability testing program. The results of the testing program and monitoring of the liner since construction indicate that brine prehydration of sand–bentonite liners is an effective technique for use in brine containment. Key words: bentonite, brine, liner, prehydration, containment, waste management, physicochemical effects, clays.
Vehicle Tracking/Feedback System Using Gps Technology (2012)

Today almost everywhere car theft abounds and for this reason it is necessary to know at any time where ones vehicle is located and in what condition. This work aimed at designing a navigation/tracking system using a parallax GPS module, PIC16F873 microcontroller, PL-2303 USB microcontroller and MAX232 converter. Sony Ericsson T69 and a laptop with a visual basic programmed interface aids in giving output information for the tracking and navigation sub systems respectively. The GPS receiver interacts with the satellite in space and receives data i.e. location information in the form of radio waves. This information is sent to the USB microcontroller and the 8-bit microcontroller as raw NMEA 0183 string in TTL level. The 8-bit microcontroller stores the information in memory and when requested is sent through an RS-232 converter that converts the TTL message to RS level message that the GSM modem can understand. The GSM modem then sends the strings as a text to an IMEI number already programmed on the microcontroller. The location as at the time of transmission is shown on the graphic user interface where the message is keyed into.
In situ remediation of ground water contaminated with chromate and chlorinated solvents using zero-valent iron: A field study (1995)

A small-scale field test was recently initiated to evaluate the in situ remediation of ground water contaminated with chromate and chlorinated organics using a permeable reactive barrier. The barrier was composed of an iron metal-coarse sand-native aquifer solid mixture, and was installed using a staggered {open_quotes}fence{close_quotes} design through large hollow-stem augers. The objectives of the project were to evaluate the ability of the cylinders or {open_quotes}fence posts{close_quotes} to remove contaminants from solution immediately downgradient and adjacent to the iron cylinders, evaluate the resultant changes in aqueous geochemistry induced by the presence of the zero-valent iron, and identify chemical, physical and biological processes which may affect long-term performance of such remedial technologies.
A Remote Control Service for OSGi-based Unmanned Vehicle Using SmartPhone in Ubiquitous Environment (2011)

Recently, Nationally and internationally, increased interest in electric vehicles for the development of vehicles has also been done with. In addition, due to the development of Smart phone to integrate technology in the development of life is being made. In this paper, according to this flow of unmanned electric vehicles we proposed the architecture that the control the vehicle and management by the Smart phone. We use OSGi framework for designed this architecture. OSGi middleware starts at home, but recent increases in the API, the increase of services about the vehicles and possible benefits are extended to mobile. We aim to create a new service as refer to useful OSGi services. We were converting to control the car, make OSGi modules and the mobile application. As a Smart phone, we studied how to manage the vehicle. In addition, this part seems to control the vehicle remotely. We performed the result that made of our architecture.
Immediate Hypersensitivity to Hog Trypsin Resulting from Industrial Exposure (1975)

Clinical, immunologic and psysiologic studies were undertaken to establish the role of hog trypsin dust in four cases of occupational asthma and to define the mechanism of this respiratory disease. Objective evidence was obtained that these patients, but not their asymptomatic co-workers, were allergic to trypsin, and that this fact accounted for their respiratory symptoms. Direct skin testing, passive transfer of IgE antibodies, antigen-mediated histamine release from peripheral blood leukocytes and airway obstruction in response to inhalation challenge indicated IgE-mediated, Type I hypersensitivity. These effects were induced by inactivated trypsin and were therefore independent of tryptic enzymatic activity. The data suggested that periodic skin testing for immediate sensitivity to organic dust would be an inexpensive and convenient screening procedure for early detection and prevention of some types of occupational asthma.