gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Music Generated by a Zn/Cu Electrochemical Cell, a Lemon Cell, and a Solar Cell: A Demonstration for General Chemistry (2014)

The circuit board found in a commercial musical greeting card is used to supply music for electrochemical cell demonstrations. Similar to a voltmeter, the “modified” musical device is connected to a chemical reaction that produces electricity. The commercial 1 V battery inside the greeting card circuit board can be replaced with an external power source such as a zinc and copper(II) electrochemical cell, a lemon battery or other zinc/proton cell variations, or a commercial solar cell. Directions are given to modify the musical circuit board, to make two types of homemade batteries, and to connect the “modified” musical device to an external power source to create a musical electrical circuit. Unlike a buzzer or flashing light, noticeable variations in music can warn the user of a gradual impending power failure. Students, including the visually impaired and blind, can relate the low volume and the slow tempo of a familiar song with weak or dying batteries and the lack of sufficient power.
Synthesis of highly dispersed super-refractory tantalum-zirconium carbide Ta4ZrC5 and tantalum-hafnium carbide Ta4HfC5 via sol-gel technology (2011)

Nanocrystalline powders of super-refractory complex carbides Ta4HfC5 and Ta4ZrC5 were synthesized using a hybrid method comprising sol-gel technology for preparing highly dispersed metal oxidescarbon starting mixtures and a relatively low-temperature (1300–1500°C) carbothermal synthesis under a dynamic vacuum (P = 1 × 10−3 to 1 × 10−5 MPa). The elemental and phase compositions of the products and average crystallite sizes were determined. TEM was used to study particle morphology and dispersion. Microstructures were observed by SEM. BET specific surface areas were determined for powders prepared at 1400°C.
Joint RGB-Pose Based Human Action Recognition for Anomaly Detection Applications (2019)

Human Action Recognition (HAR) and Human Behaviour Anomaly Detection (HBAD) systems require intelligent and multimodal features extraction for classification. The RGB deep learning based methods represent the state-of-the-art for HAR and HBAD. On the other hand, human poses extracted by popular RGB-based detectors have shown promising results for posture-level HAR and HBAD. However, both modalities present limitations, e.g. the RGB-based methods are difficult to extract explainable features relevant to generalisation, especially when contextual data is dominant. Furthermore, human poses cannot model complex human actions, i.e. involving objects or with high contextual information. To overcome the above limitations, three Joint RGB-Pose based multimodal networks are proposed. Combinations of CNNs, 3DCNNs, RNNs, MLSTMs, and ResNet-152 pre-trained CNN networks are exploited. The proposed three methods for joint learning are compared with the correspondent RGB-based and Pose-based methods, in the context of HAR for HBAD applications. Experimental results are provided on the challenging datasets UCF101 and MPOSE2019, showing promising results in terms of recognition accuracy and processing time.
Sucessão de cultura sob pivô central para controle de fitonematoides: variação populacional, patogenicidade e estimativa de perdas (2011)

Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-26T02:48:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1\nart_INOMOTO_Sucessao_de_cultura_sob_pivo_central_para_2011.pdf: 750878 bytes, checksum: 95567da7ef0c480afa4285cd5884f97a (MD5)\n Previous issue date: 2011
Burst synchronization of slotted random access with preamble power ramping in the reverse link of cdma systems (2003)

Efficient random access is one of the key designs in code-division multiple-access (CDMA) cellular systems. Random access is used by user equipment for initial access, requesting dedicated channels and transmitting short packet data to a base station. In random access, a preamble part is usually devised for fast and reliable burst synchronization, which is essential in order to avoid excessive access delay and/or repeated transmissions that may reduce the overall system capacity. This paper investigates the issue of burst synchronization for the slotted random access with preamble power ramping in the reverse link of CDMA systems. A flexible burst synchronizer based on a parallel-serial code-phase detector is proposed, which can be easily configured to achieve different complexity/performance tradeoffs. A general analysis is also presented with important design parameters being taken into account, including the number of correlators, power control error, power ramping step, diversity order, frequency offset, multipath combining, and others. The analysis is verified by computer simulations.
Detection of Super Sources and Destinations in High-Speed Networks: Algorithms, Analysis and Evaluation (2006)

Detecting the sources or destinations that have communicated with a large number of distinct destinations or sources (i.e., large “fan-out” or “fan-in”) during a small time interval is an important problem in network measurement and security. Previous detection approaches are not able to deliver the desired accuracy at high link speeds (10–40 Gb/s). In this work, we propose two novel algorithms that provide accurate and efficient solutions to this problem. Their designs are based on the insight that sampling and data streaming are often suitable for capturing different and complementary regions of the information spectrum, and a close collaboration between them is an excellent way to recover the complete information. Our first solution builds on the standard hash-based flow sampling algorithm. Its main innovation is that the sampled traffic is further filtered by a data streaming module which allows for much higher sampling rate (hence, much higher accuracy) than achievable with standard hash-based flow sampling. Our second solution is more sophisticated but offers higher accuracy. It combines the power of data streaming in efficiently estimating quantities (e.g., fan-out) associated with a given identity, and the power of sampling in collecting a list of candidate identities. The performance of both solutions are evaluated using both mathematical analysis and trace-driven experiments on real-world Internet traffic.
Universal identification scheme in machine-to-machine systems (2013)

Number of connected devices in Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems is rapidly growing: according to famous predictions made by Ericsson, by the end of 2020 there will be 50 billion devices in M2M systems around the world. The idea to connect a plethora of devices, whether they are fixed, movable or fully mobile, that communicate through different technologies (e.g. wireline, 2G/3G/4G, WiFi, ZigBee, Bluetooth) and thus create a heterogeneous environment provides remarkable opportunities. Such device and communication technology diversity offers new business concepts in numerous market verticals, creating a truly connected environment with seamless and automated flow of data and services. In this paper we explain current efforts in the area of M2M identification and addressing, and propose a new identification scheme that allows M2M Devices to establish communication with M2M Server or other M2M Devices in all available scenarios (i.e. with or without intermediary devices).
Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (1988)

• This report of an expert panel of the National Cholesterol Education Program provides new guidelines for the treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults 20 years of age and over. Total cholesterol levels are classified as follows: <200 mg/dL —"desirable blood cholesterol"; 200 to 239 mg/dL—borderline—high blood cholesterol; ≥240 mg/dL—high blood cholesterol. The guidelines detail which patients should go on to have lipoprotein analysis, and which should receive cholesterol-lowering treatment on the basis of their low density lipoprotein (LDL)—cholesterol levels and status with respect to other coronary heart disease risk factors. Dietary therapy is the primary cholesterol-lowering treatment. The report specifies the LDL-cholesterol levels at which dietary therapy should be started and the goals of therapy, and provides detailed guidance on the nature of the recommended dietary changes. If, after six months of intensive dietary therapy, LDL-cholesterol exceeds specified levels, drug treatment should be considered. (<i>Arch Intern Med</i>1988;148:36-69)
Progressive image transmission using a growth-geometry coding (1980)

A growth-geometry coding of bilevel images for transmission over low-capacity channels in a progressive fashion is described. In progressive techniques, a crude representation of the image is transmitted first, and the details are added later. Such presentation is desirable when a viewer wishes to recognize image content as soon as possible, and half transmission of unwanted detail, or initiate actions simultaneous to tranmsmission of the remaining detail. Progressive transmission is also desirable simply as a means to provide an aesthetically pleasing sequence which holds the viewer's attention. For these purposes, a progressive display is more effective than a line-by-line scanning display. Important applications of progressive display include bilevel aspects of teleconferencing, teleconsultation, still-picture broadcasting, remote plant surveillance, computer-graphics communication, and interactive visual search of large picture databases. In the growth-geometry approach, aggregates of picture elements (pels) within the image are identified as those which can be generated by applying specified growth processes to particular pels, called seed pels. The data transmitted consist of the location, type of growth, and number of growth stages for each seed pel. At the receiver, pels are attached in the neighborhood of each seed pel according to the indicated growth processes, and thus regenerate the image exactly. Inter-related aspects of coding efficiency, equipment complexity, and perceptual quality are discussed, coding methods for a number of growth processes and specific software and hardware implementations are described. While our experience with this coding is not extensive, we believe that it indicates this approach has the potential for desirable visual presentation, with relatively high coding efficiency and economical implementation. Possible extensions of this method to coding multilevel images, and an application of these processes to determining optimal routing for interconnections in electronic systems are also discussed.
Interactive fur modeling based on hierarchical texture layers (2006)

This paper presents a system to interactively model and render fur on surfaces of arbitrary topology. It employs the hierarchical layers of textured slices to represent fur so the computation complexity on rendering and editing can be reduced greatly. The system utilizes vector field and scalar field to control the geometric variations of the furry shape. Users can intuitively edit the fur by manipulating these fields, and view the variation results in real time. Our system supports several interactive fur modeling operations, including combing, wind blowing, interpolating, smoothing and disturbance operations. The experimental results have shown the feasibility of the proposed approach.
Comparative Tissue Reactivity to Topical Hemostatic Agents in the Periureteral Area (1983)

Application of the topical hemostatic agents microfibrillar collagen hemostat (Avitene), oxidized cellulose (Surgicel), and absorbable gelatin sponge (Gelfoam) to the periureteral regions in dogs did not incite an adverse inflammatory or fibrotic reaction when used in standard, recommended fashion. No instances of ureteral obstruction resulted from such application. The addition of a small amount of sterile urine in the same area with the topical agent did not influence the degree of reaction. We concluded that these useful hemostatic agents, when used properly, are absorbed with only slight or no residual tissue reaction. The adverse tissue reaction occasionally reported probably can be ascribed to either improper use of the hemostatic agent, other concomitant noxious influences such as infection, or admixture with abnormal collections of body fluids.
A Low Complexity Localization Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network (2010)

Localization is one of the most challenging and important issues in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), especially if cost-effective approaches are demanded. Range estimation is essential in many sensor network localization algorithms. Although wireless sensor systems usually have available received signal strength indication (RSSI) reading, but RSSI is susceptible to external influences, performances unstably, this information has not been effectively used in the existing localization algorithms. RSSI and LQI is good indicator which can reflect the changes in signal intensity and interference of channel with distance changing. LQI varies over a wider range over time for a given link which has a higher resolution. In the localization algorithm, LQI values are introduced to make more precise estimates in node localization. This paper proposes a weighted centroid localization algorithm based on RSSI and LQI. Combined with the rules of selecting fine anchor nodes, it uses weight coeffient to evaluate position accuracy of nodes. This algorithm is simple and no communication is needed while locating. Experimental results shows that the localization algorithm improve the accuracy and stability and meets the application's need.
Optical Signal Processing Based on All-Optical Analog-to-Digital Conversion (2008)

The nonlinearity of optical fiber provides attractive functionalities for all-optical signal processing. Recently, researchers have extensively studied all-optical analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters in an effort to surpass the inherently limited operating speed of these devices’ electronic counterparts.
Generic RAM-based architectures for two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform with line-based method (2005)

In this paper, three generic RAM-based architectures are proposed to efficiently construct the corresponding two-dimensional architectures by use of the line-based method for any given hardware architecture of one-dimensional (1-D) wavelet filters, including conventional convolution-based and lifting-based architectures. An exhaustive analysis of two-dimensional architectures for discrete wavelet transform in the system view is also given. The first proposed architecture is for 1-level decomposition, which is presented by introducing the categories of internal line buffers, the strategy of optimizing the line buffer size, and the method of integrating any 1-D wavelet filter. The other two proposed architectures are for multi-level decomposition. One applies the recursive pyramid algorithm directly to the proposed 1-level architecture, and the other one combines the two previously proposed architectures to increase the hardware utilization. According to the comparison results, the proposed architecture outperforms previous architectures in the aspects of line buffer size, hardware cost, hardware utilization, and flexibility.
Delivering Voice over IP Networks (1998)

From the Publisher:
An increasing number of companies are taking advantage of Voice over IP (VoIP) technology. Before implementing VoIP, companies must decide if the packetized voice should be delivered over Layer 2 networks such as ATM or Frame Relay, or over Layer 3 IP networks. This comprehensive book presents the latest standards and practices so you can determine which approach is best for your company. Drawing upon years of practical experience, the authors explore the unique engineering problems posed by running voice over a connectionless network. They clearly explain the advantages and disadvantages of IP versus traditional packet networks. This book is a significant expansion of the authors' first edition, which published in 1998 and had the distinction of being the first book in the industry dedicated to this important topic of key interest to enterprise customers.
Software design on a SaaS platform (2010)

This paper explores the concept of software as a service, which envisages a demand-led software market in which businesses assemble and provide services when needed to address a particular requirement. Comparison between SaaS and its counterparts are described. The design considerations and customer life cycle in SaaS is analyzed. Lastly, the implements for industry commercial prototype are given.
Polymer-Carbon Nanotube Composites, A Literature Review (2004)

Carbon nanotubes were first discovered in 1991, and quickly became the focus of much research activity, due to their exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. The extraordinary properties arise from the unique tubular structure; the nanotubes may be envisioned as rolled up graphene sheets that are on the order of a nanometer in diameter, and microns in length, resulting in high aspect ratios (length/diameter). In addition to the many applications of pure carbon nanotubes (gas storage, sensors, electronic devices, electron microscope tips, and electron emission devices), there are also a number of applications in which the nanotubes are dispersed in a polymeric matrix, such as electromagnetic shielding, antistatic coatings, high-strength low-density corrosion-resistant components, and lightweight energy storage. The presence of small amounts of nanotubes in an insulating polymeric matrix has been found to improve the mechanical properties as well as render the composite electrically conductive, thus polymer-carbon nanotube composites are of interest primarily for their mechanical and electrical properties. When the matrix polymer is also electrically conductive, in many cases the composite exhibits enhanced electrical properties. This technical memorandum is a survey of current literature on both insulating and conductive polymer - carbon nanotube composites.
Bromate formation in advanced oxidation processes (1996)

When conventional ozonation processes are replaced by a combination of ozone and hydrogen peroxide, bromate formation increases when the ozone residual is kept constant but decreases when the ozone dose is kept constant. Bromate formation in conventional ozonation and advanced oxidation processes combining ozone and hydrogen peroxide was investigated at five water treatment plants. Before ozonation, bromide concentrations ranged from 35 to 130 pg/L. Bromate formed during the ozonation step varied from <2 to 42 μg/L. In general, advanced oxidation leads to higher bromate concentrations when compared with a conventional ozonation process, if the same ozone residual is maintained for both processes. Lower concentrations result if the ozone dosage is kept constant and the hydrogen peroxide dosage is increased.
A novel aminopeptidase in the fat body of the moth <i>Achaea janata</i> as a receptor for <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> Cry toxins and its comparison with midgut aminopeptidase (2007)

Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal proteins bind to cell-surface receptors which represent a family of aminopeptidases [APN (aminopeptidase N)] present on the brush border membrane of insect midgut cells of susceptible insects leading to pore formation and death of the insect. We report here for the first time the presence of a novel APN in the fat body of the moth Achaea janata. Northern blotting detected at least one APN-specific transcript in the fat body, whereas two transcripts of different sizes were detected in the midgut. We have cloned two full-length APN cDNAs of 3015 bp and 2850 bp from fat body and midgut respectively, which encode proteins of 1004 and 950 amino acids. These two APNs share only 33% amino acid sequence identity, but both display the typical APN features, such as the N-terminal signal peptide, several putative glycosylation sites, C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor signal, the APN-specific zinc-binding/gluzincin motif HEXXHX(18)E and gluzincin motif GAMENWG. The fat body APN manifested a variation in its expression with respect to tissue and developmental stage. In spite of the abundance of the APN transcript in the fat body, fairly low APN activity was detected in this tissue. The fat-body- and midgut-specific APNs showed differential interaction with various Cry1A toxins. Besides, the level of toxicity of different Cry subtypes varied enormously with mode/site of delivery, such as intrahaemocoelic injections and feeding bioassays. These data indicate that the fat body might be a potential alternative Cry toxin target site in the moth.
Was leistet die Katastrophentheorie zur Erklärung des diskontinuierlichen sozialen Wandels? Das Beispiel der Entwicklung der modernen Sozialversicherungsgesetzgebung (1995)

"Zentraler Gegenstand dieses Diskussionsbeitrags sind jene Formen des diskontinuierlichen sozialen Wandels, welche, wie z.B. die Entwicklung des modernen Sozialversicherungswesens, auf einer Veränderung von entsprechenden gesetzlichen Grundlagen beruhen. Hierzu gehören also beispielsweise die Herabsetzung des gesetzlichen Rentenalters, die Verlängerung der Leistungsdauer der Arbeitslosenversicherung oder die Einführung des Krankenversicherungsobligatoriums. Ausgehend von konflikttheoretischen Ansätzen aus der neueren politischen Ökonomie wird in dieser Arbeit untersucht, inwieweit die von R. Thom begründete allgemeine Theorie der Katastrophen (R. Thom, Stabilite structurelle et morphogenese. Reading, 1972) einen Beitrag zur Beschreibung und Erklärung von diskontinuierlichem sozialem Wandel zu leisten vermag. Dabei zeigt sich, daß das katastrophentheoretische Standardmodell der Dynamik sozialpolitischen Gesetzesänderungen nur begrenzt gerecht wird. In dieser Arbeit wird daher ein alternatives Modell dieses Wandels vorgestellt. In seiner einfachsten Form beruht das vorgestellte Modell auf einer Potentialfunktion, welche den Einfluß der Zustandsvariablen 'Gesetzgebung' sowie der beiden Kontrollvariablen 'Macht der progressiv-reformwilligen Gruppen' und 'Macht der status-quo-orientierten Gruppen' auf das innenpolitische Konfliktpotential beschreibt. Die als Hypothese postulierte Minimierung dieses Konfliktpotentials durch die politischen Entscheidungsträger impliziert u.a. die in der Realität beobachteten diskontinuierlichen Anpassungen der Gesetzgebung an die kollektiven gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen. Um das beschriebene Modell für praktische Analysezwecke brauchbar zu machen, wird im Vortrag unter anderem auch diskutiert, wie nicht direkt beobachtbare Modellparameter aus den verfügbaren Daten geschätzt werden können. Derartige Schätzungen dienen dazu, das Modell an das vorhandene Beobachtungsmaterial anzupassen und gleichzeitig neue Einsichten in die untersuchten Wandlungsprozesse zu gewinnen." (Autorenreferat)
SWARM INTELLIGENCE: APPLICATION OF THE ANT COLONY OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM TO LOGISTICS‐ORIENTED VEHICLE ROUTING PROBLEMS (2010)

This research evaluates a set of logistics‐oriented vehicle routing problems (VRP) taken from the logistics and supply chain literature under the widely used Clark‐Wright Savings algorithm and the newer metaheuristic method employing a type of swarm intelligence called Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). ACO simulates the decision‐making processes of colonies of ants as they forage for food and is related to other artificial intelligence techniques such as Tabu Search, Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithms. Experimentation shows that ACO is successful in finding solutions near the best‐known solutions for problems with up to 20 demand locations. In addition, testing for the affect of spatial patterns suggested by the logistics literature for facility locations appears to make a difference in the quality of the solutions for the two algorithms. Finally, ACO is shown to be superior to the savings algorithm found in software packages and as a result should be tested on even larger, more complex logistics‐oriented vehicle routing problems, representative of those encountered in larger industrial and retail settings.