gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On-chip measurement of the jitter transfer function of charge-pump phase-locked loops (1998)

An all-digital technique for the measurement of the jitter transfer function of charge-pump phase-locked loops (PLLs) is introduced. Input jitter may be generated using one of two methods. Both rely on delta-sigma modulation to shape the unavoidable quantization noise to high frequencies. This noise is filtered by the low-pass characteristic of the device and has little impact on the test results. For an input-output response measurement, the output jitter is compared against a threshold. As the stimulus generation and output analysis circuits are digital, do not require calibration, and demand a small area overhead, this jitter transfer function measurement scheme may be placed on the die to adaptively tune a PLL after fabrication. The technique can also implement built-in self-test (BIST) for the characterization or manufacture test of PLLs. The validity of the scheme was verified experimentally with off-the-shelf components.
Livestock production and sustainable recsource use : putting livestock on the sustainability agenda (1996)

One of the world's greatest challenges is to feed a growing population while sustaining the global natural resource base. How the relationship between human needs and natural resource requirements will balance depends largely on livestock management and production practices. Livestock production has massive requirements for natural resources - livestock use one-third of the world's land, including one-fifth of its cropping area.
Fast and Accurate Routing Demand Estimation for Efficient Routability-driven Placement (2007)

This paper presents a fast and accurate routing demand estimation called RUDY and its efficient integration in a force-directed quadratic placer to optimize placements for routability. RUDY is based on a rectangular uniform wire density per net and accurately models the routing demand of a circuit as determined by the wire distribution after final routing. Unlike published routing demand estimation, RUDY depends neither on a bin structure nor on a certain routing model to estimate the behavior of a router. Therefore RUDY is independent of the router. Our fast and robust force-directed quadratic placer is based on a generic demand-and-supply model and is guided by the routing demand estimation RUDY to optimize placements for routability. This yields a placer which simultaneously reduces the routing demand in congested regions and increases the routing supply there. Therefore our placer fully utilizes the potential to optimize the routability. This results in the best published routed wirelength of the IBMv2 benchmark suite until now. In detail, our approach outperforms mPL, ROOSTER, and APlace by 9%, 8%, and 5%, respectively. Compared by the CPU times, which ROOSTER needs to place this benchmark, our routability optimization placer is eight times faster
Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Naringin in Rat after Oral Administration of Chaihu-Shu-Gan-San Aqueous Extract and Naringin Alone (2013)

Chaihu-Shu-Gan-San (CSGS), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula containing seven herbal medicines, has been used in the clinical treatment of gastritis, peptic ulcer, irritable bowel syndrome and depression in China. In order to explore the interaction between naringin and other constituents in CSGS, the pharmacokinetic difference of naringin in rats after oral administration of CSGS aqueous extract and naringin alone was investigated. The pharmacokinetic parameters of naringin in rats were achieved by quantification of its aglycone, naringenin by LC-MS/MS method. The double peaks phenomenon was observed in both serum profiles of rats after orally administered CSGS aqueous extract and naringin alone. However, the T1/2b was significantly decreased in rats given CSGS aqueous extract compared with naringin alone, and the mean residence time (MRT) and the area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC0-τ) were higher than those of naringin, which indicated that naringin in CSGS had higher bioavailability, longer term efficacy and somewhat faster metabolism and excretion than those of naringin. The results suggested that certain ingredients co-exist in CSGS could influence pharmacokinetic behavior of naringin. This also provides a reference for human studies.
Docking and Charging System for Autonomous Mobile Robots (2005)

In this paper we describe a safe and reliable system for the autonomous batteries’ charging of a mobile robot. The project includes an electro-mechanical part, consisting of a station into which the robot can dock and wait during the charge, and a software part, to program the robot with the essential operations it has to execute to reach the dockingcharging station. The main part of the resarch is in the docking algorithm, based on a low-cost, simple and reliable alignment method inspired by an old aid to navigation: the use of range lights.
Unions optimistic as review body 'listens' (1998)

Labour backbench MPS put government under pressure over nurses' pay and shortages
Of Mice and Men: The Coronavirus MHV and Mouse Models as a Translational Approach to Understand SARS-CoV-2 (2020)

The fatal acute respiratory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020, infection and mortality rates have been rising steadily worldwide. The lack of a vaccine, as well as preventive and therapeutic strategies, emphasize the need to develop new strategies to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission and pathogenesis. Since mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2 share a common genus, lessons learnt from MHV and SARS-CoV could offer mechanistic insights into SARS-CoV-2. This review provides a comprehensive review of MHV in mice and SARS-CoV-2 in humans, thereby highlighting further translational avenues in the development of innovative strategies in controlling the detrimental course of SARS-CoV-2. Specifically, we have focused on various aspects, including host species, organotropism, transmission, clinical disease, pathogenesis, control and therapy, MHV as a model for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 as well as mouse models for infection with SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. While MHV in mice and SARS-CoV-2 in humans share various similarities, there are also differences that need to be addressed when studying murine models. Translational approaches, such as humanized mouse models are pivotal in studying the clinical course and pathology observed in COVID-19 patients. Lessons from prior murine studies on coronavirus, coupled with novel murine models could offer new promising avenues for treatment of COVID-19.
Simulation of minerals processing plants (1984)

Computer modelling of mineral processes has lagged behind similar developments in the chemical process industry. A large number of unit operations modules (for flotation, grinding, etc) exist, but these are mostly stand-alone packages. Few general purpose mineral flowsheet simulators exist and those that do are of the older sequential modular type. A promising area of development in CAD simulators is the equation-oriented approach. This overcomes numerical inefficiencies associated with the previous approach and widens the range of feasible problems to include dynamics and optimisation. The Department has been investigating, jointly with CSIRO Mineral Engineering Division, the potential for an equation-oriented package (SPEED-UP) to form the executive structure of a general purpose minerals processing simulation package. Progress has been encouraging and we believe SPEED-UP deserves wider consideration in this role.
Introduction (2002)

Extract In a recent collection of essays, Respect, Pluralism, and Justice: Kantian Perspectives, I explored the implications of basic Kantian ideas for several practical issues, including cultural conflicts, political violence, and responsibility for the consequences of wrongdoing. The essays in the present volume continue the same sort of investigation with regard to other topics. Broadly speaking, the main topics here are, first, self‐interest and regard for others (or 'human welfare') and, second, moral assessment of ourselves and others (or 'moral worth'). The first three essays provide background on certain central themes in Kant's ethics: a priori method, categorical imperatives, autonomy, the special value of a good will, and appeals to possible and hypothetical consent in moral arguments. Then the next essays raise particular questions regarding human welfare, for example: Are our obligations to help others prescribed and limited by our sentiments toward them? What reasons do we have to promote the welfare of others as well as our own? Is it our obligation to promote others' happiness as they conceive it or their 'human flourishing' as ancient philosophers define it? How demanding is the duty to promote others' happiness? Are some instances of helping supererogatory? Finally, the last four essays focus on the nature and grounds of moral assessments of persons as deserving esteem or blame for their choices. For example: How should we conceive of conscience? In what sense, if any, is it appropriate that we suffer for our wrongdoing? Is punishment justified because wrongdoers inherently deserve to suffer for their misdeeds? Is there anything morally worthy in our striving to avoid pangs of conscience and just punishment by our peers? In what sense, if any, should we feel guilty if we cause serious harm in tragic situations where we could find no better option?
Modern techniques for circular dichroism and synchrotron radiation circular dichroism spectroscopy: 1 (2009)

This timely book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and its application to structural biology. In particular, the newer methods of synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD) and linear dichroism (LD) are fully covered. Use of SRCD allows data between 190 and 160nm to be measured, where additional information content is obtained plus the ability to characterise biomolecules in diverse environments. The method has value in protein fold recognition and potential for use in structural genomics.
THE REPLACEMENT OF SECONDARY HYDROXYL GROUPS BY SULFONIC ACID SUBSTITUENTS<sup>1</sup> (1955)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE REPLACEMENT OF SECONDARY HYDROXYL GROUPS BY SULFONIC ACID SUBSTITUENTS1LESTER YODERCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1955, 20, 10, 1317–1321Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1955Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1955https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01127a003https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01127a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views373Altmetric-Citations2LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Etude du speckle de millieux diffusants liquides : Application à la détermination de paramètres biophysiques (2003)

Le travail presente dans ce memoire se place dans le cadre du developpement actuel de l'optique laser pour l'etablissement de diagnostics medicaux. Dans ce but, l'etude du champ de speckle peut se reveler etre une voie pertinente d'analyse. Le speckle, ou granularite lumineuse, forme par des milieux diffusants eclaires par une source de lumiere coherente, peut potentiellement apporter une quantite importante d'informations sur ces milieux. En effet, lorsque aucun systeme imageant n'est employe, les caracteristiques du speckle comme la taille des grains, le contraste, la polarisation ou encore la dynamique du speckle, sont fonctions des proprietes de diffusion et de la dynamique du milieu. Apres une presentation des aspects statistiques associes au speckle et une description des conditions experimentales employees, nous avons donc etudie l'effet de la diffusion de milieux liquides sur la taille des grains de speckle ainsi que sur le contraste de speckle. En transmission, cette etude nous a permis de caracteriser des echantillons selon la dimension des particules diffusantes. Une etude theorique a permis de voir que l'evolution de la taille des grains en fonction de la diffusion et de la dimension des particules du milieu diffusant peut etre prevue par la simulation de profils de diffusion par la methode de Monte Carlo. Actuellement, beaucoup de recherches sont menees pour determiner des methodes de mesures non invasive et in vivo de la glycemie pour les diabetiques. Dans ce contexte, nous avons mesure l'effet de l'addition de glucose dans un milieu diffusant sur la taille des grains de speckle observes dans une configuration de reflexion diffuse. L'analyse de la dynamique des grains de speckle permet d'acceder au controle de l'agitation des particules dans le milieu diffusant. Cet aspect a ete applique, dans le domaine de l'hematologie, au suivi de reactions de coagulation plasmatique. C'est ainsi que plusieurs echantillons de plasma ont pu etre caracterises selon leur temps et dynamiques de coagulations.
Performance, Carcass Yield, Hematological Parameters, And Feather Pecking Damage Of Thai Indigenous Chickens Raised Indoors Or With Outdoor Access (2011)

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the rearing system on growth performance, carcass yield, hematological parameters, and feather pecking damage of Thai indigenous chickens. Three hundred and sixty 1-d-old chicks were randomly assigned to 2 treatments: indoor treatment and outdoor access treatment. In the indoor treatment, the chickens were housed in floor pens (5 birds/m2). In the outdoor access treatment, the chickens were housed in a similar indoor house; in addition, they also had an outdoor grass paddock (1 bird/m2). All birds were provided with same diet and were raised for 16 wk of age. The results showed that growth performance and carcass yield were not different among treatment (P>0.05). Outdoor access had no effect on hematological parameters (P>0.05). However, the feather pecking damage of the chickens in the outdoor access treatment was lower than that of the chickens in the indoor treatment (P<0.05).
BREEDING AND VARIETAL IMPROVEMENT OF TROPICAL FRUITS AT MARDI (1992)

The breeding and varietal improvement of tropical fruits was discussed in the light of the breeding strategies used and achievement obtained at the Malaysia Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI). The first step in the breeding programme, to many an understatement, but nevertheless of foremost importance, is to set priorities and objectives clearly. There are more than 150 tropical fruit species and at MARDI, focus is given only to 16 that have the best potential. The clientele's preference of the fruit characteristics must be known through product specification studies so that breeding objectives become clear. Such studies, however, must be intelligent enough to predict the preferences some time in the future to take into consideration the time gap required for varietal development. The fruit collection and germplasm centres for fruits should be established to provide breeders with the basic resource i.e. genetic variation for crop improvement. These must be evaluated, characterized and comprehensively documented to provide the genetic inventory for breeding research. There are, at present, 3 major centres for fruit germplasm in MARDI i.e. Serdang, Kemaman and Bukit Tangga and evaluation and characterization for some fruits notably banana, papaya, citrus, durian, starfruit, ciku and mango have been completed. The breeding strategies adopted for clonally and seed propagated fruit species were different. For clonally propagated fruit species, the main strategy was to identify and select promising maternal trees and testing them over time and space to establish their 'repeatibility' (adaptability) of their performance. The success of this strategy depends on the existing variation which may be indigenous or generated through hybridization or recombination. Since in many cases the propagation requires the use of rootstocks, the breeding programme should also take into consideration their influence and suitability to the scion variety. For seed propagated fruit species such as papaya and watermelon, the breeding methodologies used were backcrossing for improving specific charactics and development of F1 hybrids to exploit heterosis in self-pollinated varieties. For open pollinated varieties, selection and random intercrossing and bulking of seeds provide a quick method to develop varieties.
Penfluridol suppresses glioblastoma tumor growth by Akt-mediated inhibition of GLI1 (2017)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common brain tumor with poor survival rate. Our results show that penfluridol, an antipsychotic drug significantly reduced the survival of ten adult and pediatric glioblastoma cell lines with IC50 ranging 2-5 μM after 72 hours of treatment and induced apoptosis. Penfluridol treatment suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 and reduced the expression of GLI1, OCT4, Nanog and Sox2 in several glioblastoma cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibiting Akt with LY294002 and siRNA, or inhibiting GLI1 using GANT61, cyclopamine, siRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 resulted in enhanced cell growth suppressive effects of penfluridol. On the other hand, overexpression of GLI1 significantly attenuated the effects of penfluridol. Our results further demonstrated that penfluridol treatment inhibited the growth of U87MG tumors by 65% and 72% in subcutaneous and intracranial in vivo glioblastoma tumor models respectively. Immunohistochemical and western blot analysis of tumors revealed reduced pAkt (Ser 473), GLI1, OCT4 and increase in caspase-3 cleavage and TUNEL staining, confirming in vitro findings. Taken together, our results indicate that overall glioblastoma tumor growth suppression by penfluridol was associated with Akt-mediated inhibition of GLI1.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of Catalytically Grown Graphite Nanostructures (1998)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Weaning Triggers a Decrease in Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand Expression, Widespread Osteoclast Apoptosis, and Rapid Recovery of Bone Mass after Lactation in Mice (2007)

A significant portion of milk calcium comes from the mother's skeleton, and lactation is characterized by rapid bone loss. The most remarkable aspect of this bone loss is its complete reversibility, and the time after weaning is the most rapid period of skeletal anabolism in adults. Despite this, little is known of the mechanisms by which the skeleton repairs itself after lactation. We examined changes in bone and calcium metabolism defining the transition from bone loss to bone recovery at weaning in mice. Bone mass decreases during lactation and recovers rapidly after weaning. Lactation causes changes in bone microarchitecture, including thinning and perforation of trabecular plates that are quickly repaired after weaning. Weaning causes a rapid decline in urinary C-telopeptide levels and stimulates an increase in circulating levels of osteocalcin. Bone histomorphometry documented a significant reduction in the numbers of osteoclasts on d 3 after weaning caused by a coordinated wave of osteoclast apoptosis beginning 48 h after pup removal. In contrast, osteoblast numbers and bone formation rates, which are elevated during lactation, remain so 3 d after weaning. The cessation of lactation stimulates an increase in circulating calcium levels and a reciprocal decrease in PTH levels. Finally, weaning is associated with a decrease in levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand mRNA in bone. In conclusion, during lactation, bone turnover is elevated, and bone loss is rapid. Weaning causes selective apoptosis of osteoclasts halting bone resorption. The sudden shift in bone turnover favoring bone formation subsequently contributes to the rapid recovery of bone mass.
A scalable distributed memory architecture for Network on Chip (2008)

Besides processors, DSPs and other IP blocks, Network on Chip (NoC) also integrates lots of memories. However, the research of on chip memory subsystem for NoC has not been undertaken thoroughly. In this paper, a distributed None Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) memory architecture for NoC is developed; the performance and the programming mode of this system are discussed. Two kinds of parallel algorithms are implemented, the pipelined matrix multiplication and the full-parallel FFT. Simulation results verify the proposed architecture can achieve high parallelism and provide flexible programming scheme.
An Efficient Medical Image Registration Algorithm Based on Gradient Descent (2007)

Image registration is a key technique in medical image analysis. Lucas-Kanade algorithm is a high precise optimization algorithm in correlation methods. However, huge computational cost prevents it from application. Then an efficient medical image registration algorithm based on gradient descent is introduced in this paper. Firstly, the algorithm redefines the objective function by switching the role of the image and the template. Then, the Gauss-Newton gradient descent algorithm is used to get the increments of the parameter. This ensures the Hessian to be constant in every step of iteration and can be pre-computed. At last, the parameter is iteratively solved until it satisfied the condition of convergence. Experimental results with several standard medical sequences, which are using the set of affine warp, show the improved algorithm ensures the precision and improve the computational efficiency.