gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a Population of Pre-Main-Sequence Stars in NGC 346 from Deep <i>Hubbl</i> <i>e Sp</i> <i>a</i> <i>ce Tel</i> <i>escope</i> ACS Images (2006)

We report the discovery of a rich population of low-mass stars in the young, massive NGC 346 star-forming region in the Small Magellanic Cloud from deep V, I, and Ha images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys. These stars have likely formed together with the NGC 346 cluster, 3-5 Myr ago. Their magnitudes and colors are those of pre-main-sequence stars in the mass range 0.6-3 M , , mostly concentrated in the main cluster, but with secondary subclusters spread over a region across 45 pc. These subclusters appear to be spatially coincident with previously known knots of molecular gas identified in groundbased and Infrared Space Observatory observations. We show that NGC 346 is a complex region, being shaped by its massive stars, and the observations presented here represent a key step toward the understanding of how star formation occurred and has progressed in this low-metallicity environment.
Unravelling Sex Differences in Drug‐Induced Liver Injury (2009)

Abstract Liver toxicity accounts for 40% of failed drugs in clinical studies and approximately 21% of drugs that are removed from the market. It is suspected that drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is more common in females, thus impacting women's health to a higher degree. However, it is unclear how common this potential sex‐based sensitivity may be and the mechanisms underlying the differences. High‐content and high‐throughput molecular technologies such as DNA microarrays have contributed significantly to the understanding of health and disease at the molecular level. In 2001, DNA microarray studies began to emerge to investigate sex‐associated liver gene expression profiles under physiological and pathological conditions. This review is an analysis of clinical reports published to date to determine the weight of evidence in support of sex‐biased sensitivity to DILI. Sex differences related to disease susceptibility/progression and adverse drug events are discussed at the molecular level with emphasis on genomic data in an attempt to place the evidence in a biological context.
Decoupling of Two Closely Located Dipoles by a Single Passive Scatterer\n for Ultra-High Field MRI (2019)

We report decoupling of two closely located resonant dipole antennas\ndedicated for ultra-high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We show that a\nscatterer slightly raised over the plane of antennas grants a sufficient\ndecoupling even for antennas separated by very small gap (below 1/30 of the\nwavelength). We compare the operation of two decoupling scatterers. One of them\nis a shortcut resonant dipole and another is a split-loop resonator (SLR).\nPreviously, we have shown that the SLR offers a wider operational band than the\ndipole and the same level of decoupling. However, it was so for an array in\nfree space. The presence of the body phantom drastically changes the decoupling\nconditions. Moreover, the requirement to minimize the parasitic scattering from\nthe decoupling element into the body makes the decoupling dipole much more\nadvantageous compared to the SLR.\n
Synthesis of First Nonannulated 1,2,3,4‐Tetrazine 1,3‐Dioxides (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Contribution of plasma proteins to splanchnic and total anabolic utilization of dietary nitrogen in humans (2003)

Splanchnic tissues are largely involved in the postprandial utilization of dietary amino acids, but little is yet known, particularly in humans, about the relative contributions of different splanchnic protein pools to splanchnic and total postprandial anabolism. Our aim was to develop a compartmental model that could distinguish dietary nitrogen (N) incorporation among splanchnic constitutive, plasma (splanchnic exported), and peripheral proteins after a mixed-protein meal in humans. Eight healthy subjects were fed a single mixed meal containing 15N-labeled soy protein, and dietary N postprandial kinetics were measured in plasma free amino acids, proteins, and urea and urinary urea and ammonia. These experimental data and others previously obtained for dietary N kinetics in ileal effluents under similar experimental conditions were used to develop the compartmental model. Six hours after the mixed-meal ingestion, 31.5, 7.5, and 21% of ingested N were predicted to be incorporated into splanchnic constitutive, splanchnic exported, and peripheral proteins, respectively. The contribution of splanchnic exported proteins to total splanchnic anabolism from dietary N was predicted to be approximately 19% and to remain steady throughout the simulation period. Model behavior and its predictions were strongly in line with current knowledge of the system and the scarce, specific data available in the literature. This model provides the first data concerning the anabolism of splanchnic constitutive proteins in the nonsteady postprandial state in humans. By use of only slightly invasive techniques, this model could help to assess how the splanchnic anabolism is modulated under different nutritional or pathophysiological conditions in humans.
Thermosensitivity of the lobster, Homarus americanus, as determined by cardiac assay (2000)

It is generally accepted that crustaceans detect, and respond to, changes in water temperature, yet few studies have directly addressed their thermosensitivity. In this investigation a cardiac assay was used as an indicator that lobsters (Homarus americanus) sensed a change in temperature. The typical cardiac response of lobsters to a 1-min application of a thermal stimulus, either warmer (n = 19) or colder (n = 17) than the holding temperature of 15 degrees C, consisted of a short bradycardia (39.5 +/- 8.0 s) followed by a prolonged tachycardia (188.2 +/- 10.7 s). Lobsters exposed to a range of rates of temperature change (0.7, 1.4, 2.6, 5.0 degrees C/min) responded in a dose-dependent manner, with fewer lobsters responding at slower rates of temperature change. The location of temperature receptors could not be determined, but lesioning of the cardioregulatory nerves eliminated the cardiac response. Although the absolute detection threshold is not known, it is conservatively estimated that lobsters can detect temperature changes of greater than 1 degree C, and probably as small as 0.15 degrees C. A comparison of winter and summer lobsters, both held at 15 degrees C for more than 4 weeks, revealed that although their responses to temperature changes were similar, winter lobsters (n = 18) had a significantly lower baseline heart rate (34.8 +/- 4.4 bpm) and a shorter duration cardiac response (174 s) than summer lobsters (n = 18; 49.9 +/- 5.0 bpm, and 320 s respectively). This suggests that some temperature-independent seasonal modulation of cardiac activity may be occurring.
Colorimetric Determination of Amino Acids in Presence of a Peptide (1960)

A photometric method for determination of free amino acids in presence of a peptide has been described. It is applicable to estimation of free amino acids present after hydrolysis of peptides by peptidases.
The syntheses and .BETA.-adrenoceptor activities of N-substituted 2-amino-5,6-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenols. (1977)

A series of N-substituted 2-amino-5, 6-dihydroxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenols (1), which are comformationally rigid derivatives of adrenergic catecholamine, were synthesized via three routes ; namely, the synthetic route in which the final step is 1) the reduction of 1-carbonyl group, 2) N-substitution by reductive alkylation of 2-amino group, or 3) removal of protecting groups of the catechol moiety. Several pairs of 1, 2-cis and trans isomers of 1 were prepared by stereoselective reactions or by separation of each stereoisomer with column chromatography or fractional crystallization. Thus, transamino alcohol (9-trans) was afforded by reduction of 2-amino-5, 6-dibenzyloxy-3, 4-dihydro-1 (2H)-naphthalenone (13) with sodium borohydride, while the cis isomer (9-cis) was obtained from 7, 8-dibenzyloxy-1, 2-dihydronaphthalene (19) via an aziridine intermediate. Several of 1 exhibited excellent β2-adrenoceptor activity superior to l-isoproterenol, the trans derivative being more potent than the cis isomer.
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 (2003)

Specific RET mutations predict the phenotypic expression of disease and the MTC aggressiveness in patients with MEN 2, guiding the timing of thyroidectomy and screening for pheochromocytoma.
The Investigation of The Elution Tests of The Fluorescent Whitening Agents Contained in The Paper Packing Container for Foodstuffs (2005)

紙を白く見せるために日常的に蛍光物質 (蛍光増白剤=蛍光染料) が使用されているが, 食品衛生法の食品添加物としての認可を受けていない蛍光増白剤は, 合成着色料の一種として規制され, 検査法としては昭和46年5月8日付厚生省課長通知環食第244号「蛍光物質を使用した器具または容器包装の検査法について」が定められ運用されてきた。02年12月に保健所の検査でタイ製の紙製ビーフントレー (意図的に原紙, 塗工層に蛍光増白剤を添加と推定) より蛍光増白剤の溶出が確認され, 食品の回収命令が出たのが発端となり, 03年7月には蛍光増白剤を意図的に使用していない紙製トレー (古紙配合品) でも回収指導を受ける事態が発生した。このままでは古紙配合製品すべて (白板紙のみならずライナー, 段ボールまで) が回収対象となり, 関係業界を巻き込む大問題に発展する恐れが出てきた。一方, 公定法にもかかわらず指定検査機関間で異なる判定結果となることもわかった。今回, この蛍光物質溶出検査法 (環食第244号) の問題点を抽出し, その原因を明らかにし, この結果をもとに, 日本製紙連合会から厚生労働省に検査法の見直しを03年11月9日に申し入れ, 異例とも言える速さで04年1月7日付厚生労働省課長通知 (食安基発第0107001号・食安監発第0107001号) で検査法が見直され, 判定基準も写真で実例が示されることにより, 古紙配合製品も概ね使用できる見通しとなった。ここまでの経緯と海外の規制状況もあわせて紹介する。
Combination of Non-Equilibrium Atmospheric Plasma and Catalyst for Gas Cleaning: NOx, VOCs, and CO Removal (2016)

International audience
Statistical formulation for an inhomogeneous random water surface: a basis for optical remote sensing of oceans (1994)

A statistical formulation for a stationary ocean surface has been fully developed in the angular spectral domain. The angular spectral formulation can be found in the theory of radiometry and optical coherence. The present theory is a rigorous generalization of the conventional framework of ocean-wave statistics, which represent the surface displacement in two-dimensional wave-number space. The present theory is applicable to an inhomogeneous (spatially nonstationary) surface as well as a homogeneous surface. A number of formulas for the statistical functions, such as the cross spectrum, the correlation function for the surface displacement, and the correlation function for the surface slopes, have been derived in connection with the spectrum that characterizes the ocean surface. By taking an adequate spectral model for the surface wave and using the present formalism, it is possible to treat statistically the light emitted from and scattered by the ocean surface, which is characterized by its spectrum. Optical statistical understanding of random ocean surface is essential for optical remote sensing of water and oceans.
Removal of Phytate from Great Northern Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Its Combined Density Fraction (1988)

ABSTRACT The effect of pH on the dissociation of phytate complexes and subsequent removal of phytate from Great Northern bean (GNB) flour and its combined density fraction (CDF) was investigated. The largest amount of phytate removed was from GNB flour and CDF dispersions adjusted to pH 7.0 during dialysis. Dialyzed, unadjusted GNB flour and CDF respectively contained 55.4% and 59% of phytate in water‐soluble form. The results indicate that phytic acid is present in GNB as a water soluble salt with a M.W. less than 1,000 daltons, water soluble complex with M.W. more than 1,000 daltons, and water insoluble complex. The presence of phytate in the CDF did not affect in vitro digestibility of CDF proteins.
Glenohumeral joint motion after subscapularis tendon repair: an analysis of cadaver shoulder models (2014)

As the size of the subscapularis tendon tear increased, the passive ranges of horizontal abduction and external rotation of the glenohumeral joint after repair decreased significantly. In shoulders with a subscapularis tendon tear, it is necessary to consider the reduction of external rotation depending on tear size.
PHYSICAL SCALES OF TRAFFIC NOISE: MINIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN ROAD AND DWELLINGS IN LEVEL UNSHIELDED TERRAIN /IN SWEDISH/ (1969)

SOME OF THE PARAMETERS ARE DISCUSSED AFFECTING NOISE GENERATION AND NOISE PROPAGATION AROUND A HIGHWAY, AND AN EMPIRICALLY CONSTRUCTED CLUSTER OF CURVES ARE PRESENTED INDICATING THE MINIMUM ACCEPTABLE DISTANCE BETWEEN THE ROAD AND DWELLINGS. THE USE OF THE TRAFFIC NOISE INDEX IN CALCULATING NOISE NUISANCE IS RECOMMENDED. /AUTHOR/
[P‐071]: Use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and age of Alzheimer's disease onset in patients with the Apolipoprotein E ϵ4 allele (2005)

Hypertension and the Apolipoprotein E allele may independently increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and a synergism has also been suggested in the development of AD. Recent studies have shown that some antihypertensive medications may reduce some of this risk. We hypothesize that the pattern of antihypertensive use differs between patients with AD and cognitively normal controls. 1) To determine the patterns of antihypertensive use among AD patients and cognitively normal controls (NL). 2) To explore the association between patterns of prior antihypertensive use and age of AD onset. 169 AD subjects prospectively followed in the Mayo Alzheimer Disease Patient Registry with disease onset or diagnosis between 1997 - 2001 were included. 507 NL subjects were matched (1:3) for gender, age, and year of enrollment. There was a higher frequency of ApoE ϵ4 alleles in AD (46.7%) than NL (25.4%, p< 0.001) subjects. Similar proportions of AD and NL subjects were hypertensive. Significantly fewer AD patients were on angiotensin receptor blockers or beta-blockers than NL. There was no significant difference in the use pattern of other antihypertensives, including angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, calcium-channel blockers, and diuretics. Univariate analysis showed only ACE inhibitor use to be associated with a later median age of onset (87 years), compared to using other anti-hypertensives (81.5 years) and no anti-hypertensives (80 years). ApoE ϵ4 carriers had an earlier age of onset, but this was not seen among carriers using ACE inhibitors. Kaplan-Meier disease-free-survival analysis showed that among ApoE ϵ4 carriers, using ACE inhibitors was associated with a reduced overall relative risk of having AD of 0.33 (95% confidence interval: 0.21–0.52, p< 0.001). In a group of community dwelling AD patients, those who were hypertensive were less likely to be on angiotensin receptor blockers and beta-blockers at disease onset than matched cognitively normal hypertensive controls. Furthermore, ACE inhibitor use was associated with an older age of disease onset among AD subjects with the ApoE ϵ4 allele. Different antihypertensives may have differential effects on AD risk and would need further confirmation from a prospective, longitudinal study.
Five subgroups of <i>Blastocystis hominis</i> isolates from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients revealed by restriction site analysis of PCR‐amplified 16S‐like rDNA (1997)

DNA polymorphism of Blastocystis hominis isolates was examined by the amplification of a gene fragment coding for the 16S-like rDNA. Using identical primers, fragments of approximately 850 bp were amplified from 110 B. hominis isolates and fragments of 1.1 kbp were amplified from 48 isolates. Digestion of the amplification products with the restriction enzymes HinfI, RsaI, and AluI revealed different profiles for each fragment length. Subgroup I and II, resulting from digestion of the smaller 850 bp fragment, have identical HinfI and AluI restriction bands, subgroup III and IV have identical RsaI fragments after digestion of the 1.1 kbp DNA. Subgroup V resembles subgroup III in a few bands after the RsaI and AluI restriction, respectively. Ninety (54%) of the isolates studied were assigned to subgroup I, 20 (12%) to subgroup II, 35 (21%) to subgroup III, 12 (7%) to subgroup IV, and 1 (1%) to subgroup V. Five (3%) of the examined people were coinfected with B. hominis of the subgroup III, 3 (2%) carried B. hominis of the subgroup I and II. These results show that there are 5 B. hominis subgroups none of which was found to be significantly correlated with the reported disease.
Suppression of γ-Tocotrienol on UVB Induced Inflammation in HaCaT Keratinocytes and HR-1 Hairless Mice via Inflammatory Mediators Multiple Signaling (2010)

Tocopherol (Toc) such as alpha-Toc has been expected to act as photochemopreventive agent of skin, but the effect of the other vitamin E forms [tocotrienols (T3)] has not been fully understood. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of T3 on UVB-induced inflammatory reaction using immortalized human keratinocytes and hairless mice. gamma-T3 suppressed UVB-induced PGE(2) production while similar alpha-Toc doses had no effect. The anti-inflammatory actions of gamma-T3 were explained by its ability to reduce UVB-induced inflammatory gene and protein expression [cyclooxgenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1]. Western blot analysis revealed gamma-T3 inhibited p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase activation. In HR-1 hairless mice, oral T3 suppressed UVB-induced changes in skin thickness, COX-2 protein expression, and hyperplasia, but alpha-Toc did not. These results suggest T3 has potential use to protect against UVB-induced skin inflammation.
Deserts and Waves in Gene Expression (2013)

A gene cluster that regulates limb development is controlled in two phases by regulatory elements that flank the cluster and operate independently. [Also see Research Article by Andrey et al. ]
New tool materials with a structural gradient for milling applications (1999)

New hardmetals with a structural gradient for milling applications are investigated experimentally and numerically on several length scales. On the macroscale, milling tests are performed and a numerical model for up-milling is developed. On the mesoscale, the interaction of cracks with the graded surface zones, especially large soft binder islands are studied. On the microscale, the influence of shape and volume of such inclusions are investigated, further on crack propagation in realistic microstructures is simulated. On the sub-microscale crack propagation and void growth in the ductile binder are modelled with crystal plasticity.
Selective transport of amino acids across a cation-exchange membrane via the specific reaction with metal ions fixed as counter ions in the membrane. (2003)

Ammo acids can be selectively transpored across a cation-exchange membrane via the specific region with heavy metal ions fixed as counter ions in the membrane. The selecrivrty cads on tlie complex fonnation constants of die amino acids with the metal ions, althaugh the transport of amino acids was also facilitabed by the proton fixed on the cation-exchange membrane. The transport rate was much rt riot oily on the stability consaxfls but also on the staring inmensity at the stuface of die membrane in the source phase solution. The transport mechanism and tie permeation characteristics of aomino acids were studied an the equilibmun theory.
Vibrational Analysis Study of Aluminum Trifluoride Phases (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
[The status of biological risk factors and the optimality concept in diagnosis of early childhood developmental disorders]. (1992)

In a prospective study the psychomotor development up to the end of the second year of life of 409 preterm and term newborn infants was examined in order to identify which optimality score might be associated with disturbances of normal childlike development. Significant connections between 24 and 55 risk factors and the mortality could be demonstrated, but only 3 factors (sex, apgar, acidosis) exert influence on psychomotor development. The risk loading of the collective was high, not one of the children showed an optimal score. Decreased patients possessed a stronger reduced optimality than survivors. The optimality concept is not suitable for the prediction of later disturbed development of children, because the items are unspecific. The marker of hypoxia, the erythrocytic-density-test, as well as the neuron-specific enolase showed better diagnostic values than the optimality concept.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Diastereoselective Catalytic Hydrogenations of Imines Using B(C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>5</sub>)<sub>3</sub>. (2011)

Abstract The hydrogenation of chiral imines in the presence of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane as catalyst is studied.
Stochastic Image Denoising by Sampling from the Posterior Distribution (2021)

Image denoising is a well-known and well studied problem, commonly targeting a minimization of the mean squared error (MSE) between the outcome and the original image. Unfortunately, especially for severe noise levels, such Minimum MSE (MMSE) solutions may lead to blurry output images. In this work we propose a novel stochastic denoising approach that produces viable and high perceptual quality results, while maintaining a small MSE. Our method employs Langevin dynamics that relies on a repeated application of any given MMSE denoiser, obtaining the reconstructed image by effectively sampling from the posterior distribution. Due to its stochasticity, the proposed algorithm can produce a variety of high-quality outputs for a given noisy input, all shown to be legitimate denoising results. In addition, we present an extension of our algorithm for handling the inpainting problem, recovering missing pixels while removing noise from partially given data.
Intravascular lymphomatosis: a clinicopathologic study of 10 cases and assessment of response to chemotherapy. (1994)

These findings suggest that IVL represents a high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with a propensity for systemic dissemination, and that CR and long-term survival may result in patients treated with aggressive combination chemotherapy.
A Q-factor enhancement technique for MMIC inductors (2002)

An increase of 50% in the peak Q-factor and a wider operating bandwidth for monolithic inductors is achieved by exciting a microstrip structure differentially. Conventional excitation of a 8 nH spiral inductor fabricated in a production silicon IC technology resulted in a peak (measured) Q-factor of 6.6 at 1.6 GHz, while the differential connection showed a maximum Q-factor of 9.7 at 2.5 GHz. These experimental results compared favorably with the behaviour predicted from simulation.
Characterization of Nonlinear Refractive Index Materials (2003)

As seen in the previous chapter, the nonlinear index of refraction, or the third order susceptibility, is an important parameter in the applications of nonlinear optics. It leads to a variety of phenomena. These phenomena, once understood, can in turn be used to measure the nonlinear index coefficient or x(3). This chapter describes several such characterization methods for studying materials exhibiting a nonlinear index of refraction.
Nonlinear energy transfer between nanosecond pulses in iron-doped InP crystals (1991)

Energy transfer between nanosecond light pulses interacting in a semi-insulating InP crystal is analyzed. Optically induced charge redistribution in the iron impurity states are shown to be the source of both photorefractive and absorption nonlinearities.