gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Caracterisation frequentielle des pertes magnetiques hors gyroresonance des ferrites. Etude comparative de trois structures resonantes (1990)

Les pertes magnetiques hors gyroresonance des materiaux ferrites sont difficiles a determiner avec precision. Le but de cette etude est de les caracteriser sur la plus grande plage de frequence, avec un minimum d'echantillons et avec la meilleure precision possible. Dans une premiere partie, les frequences de resonance et la configuration des champs des trois structures suivantes sont analysees par la methode des modes propres: tore a ferrite metallise; resonateur a ferrite centre dans une cavite metallique; resonateur a ferrite metallise. Le calcul des pertes est presente sur chacun de ces dispositifs. Dans une deuxieme partie, la validation experimentale de la theorie developpee est realisee. Les pertes magnetiques sont determinees. Enfin, les performances des trois structures etudiees sont comparees afin de degager la plus favorable a une caracterisation frequentielle des pertes magnetiques hors gyroresonance des ferrites
Sensing, Compression, and Recovery for WSNs: Sparse Signal Modeling and Monitoring Framework (2012)

We address the problem of compressing large and distributed signals monitored by a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and recovering them through the collection of a small number of samples. We propose a sparsity model that allows the use of Compressive Sensing (CS) for the online recovery of large data sets in real WSN scenarios, exploiting Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to capture the spatial and temporal characteristics of real signals. Bayesian analysis is utilized to approximate the statistical distribution of the principal components and to show that the Laplacian distribution provides an accurate representation of the statistics of real data. This combined CS and PCA technique is subsequently integrated into a novel framework, namely, SCoRe1: Sensing, Compression and Recovery through ON-line Estimation for WSNs. SCoRe1 is able to effectively self-adapt to unpredictable changes in the signal statistics thanks to a feedback control loop that estimates, in real time, the signal reconstruction error. We also propose an extensive validation of the framework used in conjunction with CS as well as with standard interpolation techniques, testing its performance for real world signals. The results in this paper have the merit of shedding new light on the performance limits of CS when used as a recovery tool in WSNs.
ChemInform Abstract: Isatogens: Crystal Structure, Electron Density Calculations, and <sup>13</sup>C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra. (1986)

Abstract The structures of the isatogens (Ia) and (Ib) are determined by X‐ray analysis [space group Pbca, Z=8 (both)].
Characterization of Chitin Synthase 2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (1995)

Chitin synthase 2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was characterized by means of site-directed mutagenesis and subsequent expression of the mutant enzymes in yeast cells. Chitin synthase 2 shares a region whose sequence is highly conserved in all chitin synthases. Substitutions of conserved amino acids in this region with alanine (alanine scanning) identified two domains in which any conserved amino acid could not be replaced by alanine to retain enzyme activity. These two domains contained unique sequences, Glu561-Asp562-Arg563 and Gln601-Arg602-Arg603-Arg604-Trp605, that were conserved in all types of chitin synthases. Glu561 or arginine at 563, 602, and 603 could be substituted by glutamic acid and lysine, respectively, without significant loss of enzyme activity. However, even conservative substitutions of Asp562 with glutamic acid, Gln601 with asparagine, Arg604 with lysine, or Trp605 with tyrosine drastically decreased the activity, but did not affect apparent Km values for the substrate significantly. In addition to these amino acids, Asp441 was also found in all chitin synthase. The mutant harboring a glutamic acid substitution for Asp441 severely lost activity, but it showed a similar apparent Km value for the substrate. Amounts of the mutant enzymes in total membranes were more or less the same as found in the wild type. Furthermore, Asp441, Asp562, Gln601, Arg604, and Trp605 are completely conserved in other proteins possessing N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity such as NodC proteins of Rhizobium bacterias. These results suggest that Asp441, Asp562, Gln601, Arg604, and Trp605 are located in the active pocket and that they function as the catalytic residues of the enzyme.
Organic-Silicon Hybrid Photovoltaic Devices (2010)

The transition from bulk photovoltaic devices to thin film has been slow, but with recent silicon feedstock issues, thin film technologies may have a chance to be more competitive with silicon wafer photovoltaic devices. Polymer photovoltaic research has
Differential cytokine regulation of type I and type VII collagen gene expression in cultured human dermal fibroblasts. (1994)

Type VII collagen is the major component of anchoring fibrils in the cutaneous basement membrane zone. In this study, we have examined the effects of various cytokines on the expression of types I and VII collagen genes in dermal fibroblasts in culture. The pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and leukoregulin (LR) strongly elevated (approximately 5-9-fold) type VII collagen mRNA levels, as measured by Northern blot hybridizations. These effects were also observed at the protein level by indirect immunofluorescence using a monoclonal antibody specific for type VII collagen. By contrast, IL-1 beta had only a slight stimulatory effect (approximately 2-fold) on type I collagen gene expression, while TNF-alpha and LR markedly reduced type I collagen mRNA steady-state levels. Interestingly, IL-1, TNF-alpha and LR had additive effects with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) on type VII collagen gene expression, whereas they counteracted the up-regulatory effect of TGF-beta on type I collagen gene expression. Thus, our data indicate that the modulation of type I and type VII collagen gene expression by cytokines involves different regulatory pathways.
FASTUS (1993)

FASTUS is a (slightly permuted) acronym for Finite State Automaton Text Understanding System. It is a system for extracting information from free text in English (Japanese is under development), for entry into a database, and potentially for other applications. It works essentially as a set of cascaded, nondeterministic finite state automata.
BiP, HSP70, NDK and PDI in wheat endosperm. II. Effects of high temperature on protein and mRNA accumulation (1998)

The effects of high temperature on accumulation of the 70‐kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) and nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDK) as well as two other proteins that have roles in the biosynthesis of storage proteins were examined during grain development. An HSP70 homolog and a 17‐kDa NDK were co‐purified from wheat endosperm, their identity verified, and a cDNA for an HSP70 expressed in endosperm was isolated. Wheat plants ( Triticum aestivum , cvs Butte and Vulcan) were heat shocked at 40°C or exposed to maximum daily temperatures of 37 or 40°C during early or mid‐grain fill. Antibodies and cDNA probes for BiP, HSP70, NDK and PDI were used to examine the effect of high temperatures on the accumulation of protein and mRNA in the endosperm. HSP70 mRNA levels increased substantially when plants were exposed to heat shock or to a 1‐day gradual increase to 40°C. The effects of a 5‐day heat treatment on mRNA levels were more complicated and depended on the developmental stage of the grain. A treatment that began at 7 days post‐anthesis (DPA) decreased the level of mRNA for HSP70, BiP, PDI and NDK, whereas a treatment that began at 14 DPA slightly increased mRNA levels. The same treatments increased the accumulation of HSP70 but did not affect BiP, PDI, or NDK protein levels. This is the first detailed report on the effects of heat on mRNA and protein levels for HSP70 in a developing seed storage tissue.
Development of an Er–Ni liquid alloy ion source (1999)

We have developed a procedure for the fabrication of Er–Ni liquid alloy ion sources. The source is tested and analyzed in a MicroBeam 150 focused ion beam system. Our experimental results show that an Er2+ target current of 95–100 pA was produced, representing 50% of the total target current. The ion emission current–voltage slope is ∼36 μA/kV. Source lifetimes are generally larger than 20 h. The alloy oxidizes quickly once it is exposed to air. This must be minimized to ensure proper source performance.
Positive and Negative Tone Protein Patterning on a Photobase Generating Polymer (2002)

This study investigates the use of a copolymer containing O-acryloyl acetophenone oxime (AAPO) and a 4-acryloyloxybenzophenone (ABP) sensitizer as a platform suitable for the patterning of proteins. While low dose UV exposure (312 nm) of the acyloxyimino component photogenerates pendant amine groups at the polymer surface, rendering it protein repelling, the laser ablation method (337 nm) creates hydrophobic features on which proteins adsorb preferentially. These patterning methods produce negative and positive tone protein features, respectively. A critical factor that ensures the quality of the protein patterning is the unusual photodarkening effect for the exposure wavelengths, which concentrates the photoinduced physicochemistry at the very surface of the polymer. The versatility of the proposed patterning methods makes AAPO−ABP an interesting candidate for the patterning of proteins for biochip fabrication.
Characterization of the HBHA response in TB patients with or without HIV infection (2017)

<b>Introduction:</b> It would be important to identify subjects at risk to develop tuberculosis (TB) disease. RD1-based Interferon-γ Release Assays (IGRAs) cannot distinguish latent from active TB disease. Conversely, a positive response to HBHA-based IGRAs, among TB-infected subjects, correlates with Mtb containment and low risk of TB progression. <b>Aims:</b> to characterize HBHA-immune responses in HIV-infected and uninfected subjects with active TB or latent TB infection (LTBI). <b>Methods:</b> 49 subjects were prospectively enrolled, 22 HIV-uninfected (13 TB, 9 LTBI) and 27 HIV-infected (12 HIV-TB, 15 HIV-LTBI). Whole blood and PBMC were stimulated with HBHA and RD1 antigens. IFNγ release was evaluated by ELISA whereas cytokine profile (IFNγ, TNFα, IL2) and phenotype (CD45RA, CD27) by FACS. <b>Results:</b> Among LTBI individuals, HBHA stimulation induced IFNγ release in all the HIV-uninfected, while only 4/15 HIV-infected responded. Within the active TB, only 6/13 HIV-uninfected and 1/12 HIV-TB patients responded. Differently than what observed for RD1, the cytokine profile of HBHA-specific T cells evaluated by FACS showed that the CD4 T cells were mostly monofunctional. Conversely, CD8-specific T cells were mostly monofunctional for both HBHA and RD1 stimulations. The phenotype of HBHA-specific T cells showed a predominantly central memory (CM) and effector memory (EM) phenotype in CD4 T cells without differences among the groups. Differently, HBHA-specific CD8 T cells, showed mainly a CM and naive phenotype in LTBI group while TB, HIV-LTBI and HIV-TB groups were characterized by EM or TEMRA phenotypes. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results may help to better define immunological correlates of protection from TB disease.
Alpha Tocopherol Decreases Lipid Peroxidation, Neuronal Necrosis, and Reactive Gliosis in Reaggregate Cultures of Fetal Rat Brain (1986)

This study explored the effects of the lipid-soluble free radical scavenger, alpha tocopherol (vitamin E), on neuronal injury and glial protein accumulation in a well-characterized, three-dimensional, mixed neuronal and glial culture system derived from fetal rat prosencephalon. As these reaggregated spheroidal cultures grew and enlarged, they developed small central areas of necrosis (presumably due to nutritional compromise) which we used as a model for central nervous system injury. Treatment with vitamin E (delivered in egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes beginning on day 8 in vitro) did not alter the appearance of the central necrotic areas, but it strongly suppressed the reaction of adjacent astroglia and microglia. Histological examination showed that by day 35 in vitro control cultures which received liposomes without tocopherol were nearly devoid of neurons and contained many glial and microglial cells. In contrast, tocopherol-treated cultures contained many viable-appearing neurons and did not exhibit an overgrowth of glia. Both glial fibrillary acidic protein (as measured by immunoassay) and lipid peroxidation (as estimated by malondialdehyde levels) were markedly reduced in the tocopherol-treated cultures. We speculate that the vitamin exerts its protective effect on injured nervous tissues by scavenging free radicals, stabilizing cellular membranes, and quenching the cascade of biochemical events that follows necrosis in brain. This work suggests that the signal(s) to initiate gliosis are mediated, at least indirectly, by free radical formation.
HLA-DQ allelic polymorphisms constrain patterns of class II heterodimer formation (1993)

HLA-DQ class II molecules are complex heterodimers in which polymorphic alpha- and beta-polypeptides form noncovalent associations leading to cell surface expression. Using gene transfer with retroviral vectors, we demonstrate that surface expression of heterodimers among various DQ alpha and -beta polypeptides is not universal. Two types of allele-specific constraints were found: DQ beta chains that are associated with the DQw1 specificities do not form stable cell surface heterodimers with DQ alpha chains encoded on haplotypes that are associated with DQw2, DQw3, or DQw4. Similarly, surface expression of heterodimers composed of DQw2- or DQw3-associated DQ beta chains and DQw1 DQ alpha chains were not detected. The formation of mixed isotype heterodimers also showed allelic preference: DR alpha/DQw1 beta dimers were detected on the cell surface, but DR alpha/DQw3 beta dimers were not. Failure to express class II heterodimers on the cell surface was apparently due to either inefficient assembly of the alpha- and beta-chains or retention of the mismatched dimers in an intracellular compartment. DQ beta cDNA encoding DQw1- and DQw3-associated beta-polypeptides were modified to create chimeric expression vectors in which portions of the DQ beta polypeptides were exchanged between different alleles. The resulting chimeric DQ beta polypeptides were tested for their ability to form stable heterodimers with different DQ alpha polypeptides. A cluster of polymorphic amino acid residues encoded by the 3' end of the DQB1 second exon, corresponding to residues 60 to 91 in the DQ beta polypeptide, were found to be critical determinants constraining stable cell surface heterodimer formation among preferential alpha- and beta-combinations.
Search for direct production of supersymmetric partners of the top quark in the all-jets final state in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV (2017)

A search for direct production of top squark pairs in events with jets and large transverse momentum imbalance is presented. The data are based on proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at the CERN LHC, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb -1 . The search considers a variety of R-parity conserving supersymmetric models, including ones for which the top squark and neutralino masses are nearly degenerate. Specialized jet reconstruction tools are developed to exploit the unique characteristics of the signal topologies. With no significant excess of events observed above the standard model expectations, upper limits are set on the direct top squark pair production cross section in the context of simplified supersymmetric models for various decay hypotheses. Models with larger differences in mass between the top squark and neutralino are probed for masses up to 1040 and 500 GeV, respectively, whereas models with a more compressed mass hierarchy are probed up to 660 and 610 GeV, respectively. The smallest mass difference probed is for masses near to 550 and 540 GeV, respectively.
A Method to Detect Differential Gene Expression in Cross-Species Hybridization Experiments at Gene and Probe Level (2010)

Supplementary data are available at http://anson.ucdavis.edu/~ychen/cross-species.html.
Deficiency in Current Hemophilia Therapy: Need for Factor XIV (1972)

Hemophiliacs often find themselves somewhat less than sought after by physicians and hospitals, even at the largest academic centers. In return, most hemophiliacs resent the physicians and hospitals they depend on. This mutual resentment, which occasionally blossoms into overt hatred, might seem hard to fathom, especially since recent advances in the treatment of hemophilia allow us to prevent and correct the complications of this disease. A second look at the situation reveals three major reasons for the bilaterally strained doctor-patient relationship when this disease is involved. First, hemophiliacs are an economic liability to physicians and hospitals. Their chronic need for expensive medical care and for frequent hospitalizations rapidly overwhelms their limited earning power. They occasionally amass huge debts, then, when the dunning by physician or hospital becomes too great, switch to a different institution and take with them not only a debt, but a load of guilt toward the healthcare
Étude préliminaire sur la localisation du nickel dans une garniérite naturelle (1979)

Dans cet article, nous donnons les résultats d'une étude préliminaire menée sur un échantillon de garniérite constitué d'un mélange de minéraux 1 : 1 et 2 : 1. L'utilisation conjointe de plusieurs méthodes d'investigation, dont notamment la microscopie électronique couplée à un spectromètre à dispersion d'énergie et certaines méthodes volumétriques, a permis de montrer qu'une proportion importante de nickel se trouve sous forme d'un composé amorphe, probablement de l'hydroxyde associé à la phase 10 Å, mais ne faisant pas partie de la couche octaédrique de la phase minérale. En outre, l'analyse par microsonde à haute résolution indique que le nickel réticulaire est localisé principalement dans la phase 10 Å, et non réparti de manière homogène entre les phases à 7 Å et à 10 Å.
Folding of bovine growth hormone is consistent with the molten globule hypothesis (1989)

Previous results from equilibrium and kinetic studies of the folding of bovine growth hormone (bGH) have demonstrated that bGH does not follow a simple two-step folding mechanism. These results are summarized and interpreted according to the "molten globule" model. The molten globule state of bGH is characterized as a folding intermediate which is largely alpha-helical, retains a compact hydrodynamic radius, has packing of the aromatic side chains that is similar to the unfolded state, and possesses a solvent-exposed hydrophobic surface along helix 106-127 that readily leads to association.
Magnetic resonance imaging and the reduction of motion artifacts: review of the principles. (1997)

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a non-invasive diagnostic tool which is widely used nowadays. In this paper, the basic principles of MR imaging are explained and it is shown how images can be reconstructed in case of standard 2D Fourier Transform (2DFT) imaging. Several aspects of MR signal encoding are described. Unfortunately, motion of the patient during a magnetic resonance experiment often causes severe artifacts in the images. For example, in 2DFT imaging blurring and ghosting are seen and the appearance of motion artifacts remains one of the major drawbacks in MR imaging. Several methods to reduce motion artifacts in MR imaging have been proposed in the past. An overview of the principles on which these methods are based is given in this paper. Both post-processing methods and techniques that rely on gating or the use of alternative acquisition schemes such as projection reconstruction are discussed.
Issues for Ease of Use in personal computing (abstract only) (1981)

It has been demonstrated that interactive natural language dialog is remarkably unruly, with many misspellings and grammatical errors. Although progress has been made in getting computers to process pristine English text, the day when computers will be able to process unlimited interactive natural language dialog is still very far off.The vast majority of the effort that has gone into designing interactive natural language systems has concentrated on the computer half of the human-computer dyad. Our approach concentrates on the human half. Specifically, the goal of our research is to define a human engineered subset of natural language that retains all of the user-oriented benefits of unrestricted natural language dialog, while greatly reducing the processing burden that true natural language interaction places on the computer. This paper is a preliminary examination of the possibility that these criteria may be satisfied by simply asking usres to be concise.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular ω‐Olefinic Ketone Ene‐Reaction for the Construction of Trifluoromethylated Five‐Membered Ring Compounds. (1988)

Abstract The unsaturated trifluoromethyl ketone (I) is cyclized in the presence of ethylaluminum dichloride to give the 1‐trifluoromethylcyclopentanol (II).
On Temporal Path Conditions in Dependence Graphs (2007)

Program dependence graphs are a well-established device to represent possible information flow in a program. Path conditions in dependence graphs have been proposed to express more detailed circumstances of a particular flow; they provide precise necessary conditions for information flow along a path or chop in a dependence graph. Ordinary Boolean path conditions however cannot express temporal properties, e.g. that for a specific flow it is necessary that some condition holds, and later another specific condition holds. In this contribution, we introduce temporal path conditions, which extend ordinary path conditions by temporal operators in order to express temporal dependencies between conditions for a flow. We present motivating examples, generation and simplification rules, application of model checking to generate witnesses for a specific flow, and a case study. We prove the following soundness property: if a temporal path condition for a path is satisfiable, then the ordinary boolean path condition for the path is satisfiable. The converse does not hold, indicating that temporal path conditions are more precise.
Electric Field Dependent Dimensionality of Excitonic States in Single Quantum Well Structures with Asymmetric Barriers (1998)

2D-3D transformation of excitonic states dimensionality with an external electric field parallel to the growth axis has been observed in GaAs/Al(x)Ga(1-x)As single quantum well (QW) structures with asymmetric barriers. When the maximum of electronic wavefunction shifts to the lower barrier with field, the exciton binding energy starts to decrease. With further increase of field the transformation of 2D exciton to the quasi-3D exciton takes place. The latter involves a heavy hole in QW and an electron of resonant above-barrier state.