gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of 3‐Methoxy‐ and 3‐(β‐<scp>D</scp>‐Glucopyranosyloxy)flavylium Ions. Influence of the flavylium substitution pattern on the reactivity of anthocyanins in aqueous solution (1994)

Abstract The synthesis of 3‐glycosyloxylated flavylium ions (anthocyanins), in particular of callistephin ( 4 ), a natural anthocyanin, is described. The structural transformations in aqueous solution and molecular complexation with chlorogenic acid ( 7 ) and caffeine ( 8 ) of the synthesized pigments 3 and 4 are investigated and compared to those of the corresponding 3‐methoxyflavylium ions 1 and 2 and to those of oenin ( 5 ) and malvin ( 6 ), two very common natural anthocyanins. The results are discussed in terms of the role played by the glycosyloxy residues in the chemical properties of anthocyanins. Anthocyanin molecular complexation (copigmentaion) is quantitatively investigated by UV/VIS spectroscopy and 1 H‐NMR. In particular, the UV/VIS spectroscopic data are interpreted using a general theoretical treatment, which, e.g. , allows to demonstrate the formation of molecular complexes between the colourless forms of an anthocyanin and 8 .
QSAR Based on Multiple Linear Regression and PLS Methods for the Anti-HIV Activity of a Large Group of HEPT Derivatives (1997)

Quantitative structure-activity relationships have been developed for a set of 107 inhibitors of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, derivatives of a recently reported HIV-1 specific lead: 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT). The activity of these compounds was investigated by means of multiple linear regression (MLR) and PLS regression techniques and topological indexes as well as several tabulated physicochemical substituent constants were used as predictor variables. The results obtained indicate that the anti-HIV activity of the HEPT derivatives is strongly dependent on hydrophobic factors as expressed by the Hansch constant (sigma pi (R1+R2)), and especially dependent on the geometric factors mainly accounted for by the 1 chi N (R2) and 4 chi pN molecular connectivity indexes and also for the molecular volume (Vx), the Taft steric constant (Es(2R1)), and the Verloop parameter for the smallest width value (B1(3R1)). Besides, for this data set, comparison of the quality of MLR and PLS models show that PLS is a better approach to MLR for improving the interpretability of the data and also to exhibit models with a better predictive quality.
'You Cannot Hate the Bastard Who is Trying to Kill You...'Combat and Ideology in the British Army in the War Against Germany, 1939-45 (2000)

During the Second World War the British Army faced a difficult task when it tried to transform recruits who were mostly peace-loving civilians, into men prepared to kill. This article examines how it went about doing so and how front-line soldiers responded to the demand that they kill their German (and Italian) opposite numbers. It also analyses the extent to which front-line soldiers in the British Army retained a sense of a shared common humanity with their enemies that transended the political divisions of the war. It does so by analysing the ways in which they treated their enemies when they were completely at their mercy, either as prisoners of war or as civilians in occupied territory.
Disassembly-based bill of materials data for consumer electronic products (2020)

Consumer electronic products have a complex life cycle, characterized by environmental, social, and economic impacts and benefits associated with their manufacturing, use, and disposal at end-of-life. Accurately analysing these trade-offs and creating sustainable solutions requires data about the materials and components that make up these devices. Such information is rarely disclosed by manufacturers and only exists in the open literature in disparate case study format. This study presents a comprehensive database of bill of material (BOM) data describing the mass of major materials and components contained in 95 unique consumer electronic products. Data are generated by product disassembly and physical characterization and then validated against external benchmarks in the literature. The study also contributes a reproducible framework for organizing BOM data so that they can be expanded as new products enter the market. These data will benefit researchers studying all aspects of electronics and sustainability, including material scarcity, product design, environmental life cycle assessment, electronic waste policy, and environmental health and safety.
The Role of Behavior in Diabetes Care (1982)

The treatment of people with diabetes mellitus almost always involves an effort on the part of the health-care team to impose new patterns of behavior on their patients. Too often this behavior modification is undertaken without any specific attention to factors in the treatment regimen that may enhance or detract from patient compliance. If, however, the treatment of disease is viewed in terms of changes in both physiology and behavior, the importance of intervention aimed at either direct behavioral manipulation of physiology, or alterations of secondary behavior related to the disease and its therapy, becomes apparent. We have reviewed in this paper the current "state of the art" of both direct behavioral treatment of diabetes and techniques to enhance compliance with treatment program.
Oral manifestations of bone marrow transplantation (1985)

Bone marrow protection by transplantation permits the administration of large doses of antitumor drugs and radiation. Severe oral complications occur in about 70% of patients who have had allogeneic bone marrow transplants and to a lesser degree in patients who have had autologous and syngeneic transplants. Oral complications consist of mucositis, salivary gland dysfunction, loss of resiliency of perioral tissues, periodontal disease, and caries. Pre- and post-transplant oral care aimed at plaque control, control of dental pathology, and hydration of oral tissues are important factors in support therapy of bone marrow transplant patients.
[Radiosensitization effect of taxol on malignant tumor cells]. (2002)

Radiosensitizating abilities of taxol have been investigated in vitro using L929 cells and in vivo Geren carcinoma (T-8 cell line). Radiosensitizating effect of taxol was detected for the both cell lines. Pathologic mitoses have been also analyzed and increasing of abnormal mitosis total level was observed. It is supposed that this phenomenon could determine radiosensitizating abilities of taxol.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Related Uveomyelitis (1994)

The association of uveitis and neurologic disease in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is not uncommon. Usually, it is due to an easily recognizable simultaneous opportunistic infection or neoplasm of the eye and nervous system. We describe herein a patient with AIDS, uveitis, myelitis, and a moderate degree of immunosuppression in whom no secondary cause could be found and whose disease was presumably due directly to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Report of a Case. A 44-year-old homosexual man was referred to the eye clinic in August 1993 with gait disturbance and blurred vision of 2 months' duration. In 1985 he was treated for syphilis, in 1989 for herpes zoster ophthalmicus in the left eye, and in 1990 for left lumbar (L1-2) zoster, all of which resolved without neurologic sequelae. The patient was not known to have had positive test results for HIV and was taking no medications.
Cardiomyocyte precursors and telocytes in epicardial stem cell niche: electron microscope images (2010)

A highly heterogeneous population of stem and progenitor cells has been described by light immunohistochemistry in the mammalian adult heart, but the ultrastructural identity of cardiac stem cells remains unknown. Using electron microscopy, we demonstrate the presence of cells with stem features in the adult mouse heart. These putative cardiac stem cells are small (6-10 microm), round cells, with an irregular shaped nucleus, large nucleolus, few endoplasmic reticulum cisternae and mitochondria, but numerous ribosomes. Stem cells located in the epicardial stem cell niche undergo mitosis and apoptosis. Cells with intermediate features between stem cells and cardiomyocyte progenitors have also been seen. Moreover, electron microscopy showed that cardiomyocyte progenitors were added to the peripheral working cardiomyocytes. Telocytes make a supportive interstitial network for stem cells and progenitors in the stem cell niche. This study enhances the hypothesis of a unique type of cardiac stem cell and progenitors in different stages of differentiation. In our opinion, stem cells, cardiomyocyte progenitors and telocytes sustain a continuous cardiac renewal process in the adult mammalian heart.
Anterior Horn Changes of Motor Neuron Disease Associated with Demyelinating Radiculopathy (1986)

Morphologic study of the spinal cord of a patient with generalized motor deficits revealed changes in the anterior horns characterized by the selective loss of large motor neurons, gliosis and the abnormal accumulation of 10 nm filaments which appeared as argyrophilic spheroids in the perikarya and axons of motor neurons. The ventral roots were predominantly affected and showed a variable loss of axons. The remaining axons displayed prominent onion-bulb formations, frequent axonal sprouting and occasionally evidence of active demyelination. The coexistence of a demyelinating motor radiculopathy and anterior horn changes simulating those of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may contribute to our understanding of the unresolved question of whether the neuronal perikaryon or its axon is the primary target in the pathogenesis of ALS. These observations also indicate that a rigid separation of pathogenetic mechanisms into neuronopathy, axonopathy and myelinopathy may not be always possible.
A comparative analysis of the fluorescence properties of the wild-type and active site mutants of the hepatitis C virus autoprotease NS2-3 (2009)

Hepatitis C virus encodes an autoprotease, NS2-3, which is required for processing of the viral polyprotein between the non-structural NS2 and NS3 proteins. This protease activity is vital for the replication and assembly of the virus and therefore represents a target for the development of anti-viral drugs. The mechanism of this auto-processing reaction is not yet clear but the protease activity has been shown to map to the C-terminal region of NS2 and the N-terminal serine protease region of NS3. The NS2-3 precursor can be expressed in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies, purified as denatured protein and refolded, in the presence of detergents and the divalent metal ion zinc, into an active form capable of auto-cleavage. Here, intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence has been used to assess refolding in the wild-type protein and specific active site mutants. We also investigate the effects on protein folding of alterations to the reaction conditions that have been shown to prevent auto-cleavage. Our data demonstrate that these active site mutations do not solely affect the cleavage activity of the HCV NS2-3 protease but significantly affect the integrity of the global protein fold.
Polymerisation von n‐substituierten maleimiden in epoxidverbindungen, 1 (1990)

Abstract N‐substituierte Maleimide Polymerisieren in Glycidethern mit einer Reaktion erster Ordnung, ausgelöst durch eine Startreaktion zweiter (pseudo‐erster) Ordnung. Die Aktivierungsenergie der Startreaktion liegt mit fast 70 kJ/mol oberhalb, die der Polymerisation mit 48 kJ/mol weit unterhalb der Werte der rein thermischen Maleimidpolymerisation von etwa 60 kJ/mol. Die Werte werden durch DSC‐Untersuchungen von Bismaleimiden in Diepoxiden bestätigt. Die Startreaktion verläuft ab 100°C mit deutlichef Exothermie unter Epoxidverbrauch, Rotfärbung und Bildung von Radikalen mit g = 2.0034. Die Polymerisation wird durch Säuren und nicht durch Radikalfänger abgebrochen. Es werden Maleimid‐Oligomere mit P n = 5 – 7 erhalten, die glycidether‐spezifische Gruppen tragen und katalytisch wirken. Eine anionische Initiierung wird diskutiert.
Emergency management of acute asthma. (2002)

The key to successful treatment of life threatening asthma is a rapid assessment of severity, an early emergency call for an ambulance, oxygen, continuous nebulised beta 2 agonist, corticosteroids and the use of parenteral adrenaline for the patient in extremis.
Research on Semantic Distributed Network Technology (2007)

Semantic network is the direction of Internet development. Distributed network technology belongs to new technology, and it is applied widely now. Currently, the third generation distributed network technology has better node management, expansibility, search efficiency than the old two generations, but it doesn't support semantic search. This article discusses about semantic distributed network technology, and it probes into the semantic search in distributed network, and the ways to enhance the search efficiency.
EVALUATION OF LABORATORY PROPERTIES OF STONE MATRIX ASPHALT (SMA) MIXTURES (1993)

Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) has been proven to resist permanent deformation in Europe and has shown promise in the United States as a stable and durable surface mixture. SMA mixtures were developed in Europe and have been used successfully for the past twenty years to provide resistance to rutting under heavy loads and wear from studded tires. The SMA also shows potential for improved long term performance and durability. The success in Europe has encouraged the U.S. to adopt the use of SMA mixtures, particularly on high volume roads such as Interstates and urban intersections. However, this new methodology has to be evaluated using U.S. materials and construction methods to insure satisfactory performance in the U.S. This NCAT report is an effort to compare, through laboratory tests developed for dense graded mixtures, the properties of SMA mixtures to that of dense graded mixtures. It evaluates the laboratory test properties of SMA mixtures, which will assist in characterizing and understanding performance. Primary emphasis in the laboratory was to evaluate SMA properties for various aggregate types, aggregate gradations, fiber types and contents, and asphalt contents. This report also discusses SMA projects constructed in 1991 and 1992 and provides information on materials used, as well as mixture properties.
Ionomer-Liquid Electrolyte Hybrid Ionic Conductor for High Cycling Stability of Lithium Metal Electrodes (2015)

The inhomogeneous Li electrodeposition of lithium metal electrode has been a major impediment to the realization of rechargeable lithium metal batteries. Although single ion conducting ionomers can induce more homogeneous Li electrodeposition by preventing Li(+) depletion at Li surface, currently available materials do not allow room-temperature operation due to their low room temperature conductivities. In the paper, we report that a highly conductive ionomer/liquid electrolyte hybrid layer tightly laminated on Li metal electrode can realize stable Li electrodeposition at high current densities up to 10 mA cm(-2) and permit room-temperature operation of corresponding Li metal batteries with low polarizations. The hybrid layer is fabricated by laminating few micron-thick Nafion layer on Li metal electrode followed by soaking 1 M LiPF6 EC/DEC (1/1) electrolyte. The Li/Li symmetric cell with the hybrid layer stably operates at a high current density of 10 mA cm(-2) for more than 2000 h, which corresponds to more than five-fold enhancement compared with bare Li metal electrode. Also, the prototype Li/LiCoO2 battery with the hybrid layer offers cycling stability more than 350 cycles. These results demonstrate that the hybrid strategy successfully combines the advantages of bi-ionic liquid electrolyte (fast Li(+) transport) and single ionic ionomer (prevention of Li(+) depletion).
On Polarization by Transmission with Particular Reference to Selenium Films in the Infrared (1954)

The old method of polarization by transmission through a pile of plates or films inclined to the incident radiation at Brewster’s angle is widely used both in the infrared and ultraviolet regions. The polarization effected is commonly estimated by an expression due to Provostaye and Desains in which it is assumed that there are multiple reflections among all the surfaces. Such an expression does not give agreement with experiment; for example, the predicted figure for eight films of selenium in the infrared is 89 percent, while the observed value is over 99 percent.The performance of such polarization units is analyzed and comparison is made with observations on thin films of zaponlac in the visible and of selenium in the infrared. Multiple reflections among the component films are of little importance because of the significant intervals between the plates. Interference within the films is examined. Because the tolerance permitted to the phase difference between the interfering components is small, these phase differences are to be regarded as randomly distributed. There is, therefore, little regular interference, and the phase change introduced by such components is negligible if the refractive index is large. Detailed expressions are derived and discussed. Calculated figures of polarization agree with experiment.
Protein C Is Responsible for the Rapid Inactivation of Factor Va following Blood Clotting In Vitro (1994)

When whole blood is allowed to clot in vitro, factor V is rapidly activated to factor Va which is subsequently inactivated. We developed two monoclonal anti-protein C antibodies, one of which inhibits protein C activation and the other inhibits protein C activity. The addition of either antibody to blood before clotting in vitro significantly inhibited the inactivation of factor Va, confirming the essential role of protein C in mediating the rapid inactivation of factor Va.
Continuous Drug Delivery Through the Use of Disposable Contact Lenses (1993)

This in vitro study examined the ability of the available disposable soft contact lenses to absorb various ocular therapeutic agents and release them. After a 2-h or 4-h presoaking time, we measured the amount of drug released into fresh saline baths for up to 3 h. Drug levels were determined spectrophotometrically at the peak ultraviolet (UV) absorption wavelength for each drug. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, prednisolone sodium phosphate, and cromolyn sodium were found to be released from the disposable contacts at a rate that provided higher concentrations of drug for a longer period of time than would be expected with drops. Depending on the lens used these drugs were released continuously for a period of up to 3 h. Disposable lenses soaked in pilocarpine hydrochloride or idoxuridine released drug for 30 min or less. These data indicate that disposable contact lenses could provide an acceptable means of drug delivery for some situations and overcome drawbacks associated with the use of nondisposable hydrogel lenses.
A Cloud-based monitoring framework for Smart Home (2012)

Today, Smart Home monitoring services have attracted much attention from both academia and industry. However, in the conventional monitoring mechanism the remote camera can not be accessed for remote monitoring anywhere and anytime. Besides, traditional approaches might have the limitation in local storage due to lack of device elasticity. In this paper, we proposed a Cloud-based monitoring framework to implement the remote monitoring services of Smart Home. The main technical issues considered include Data-Cloud storage, Local-Cache mechanism, Media device control, NAT traversal, etc. The implementation shows three use scenarios: (a) operating and controlling video cameras for remote monitoring through mobile devices or sound sensors; (b) streaming live video from cameras and sending captured image to mobile devices; (c) recording videos and images on a cloud computing platform for future playback. This system framework could be extended to other applications of Smart Home.
Medical Image Retrieval via Histogram of Compressed Scattering Coefficients (2016)

The features used in many current medical image retrieval systems are usually low-level hand-crafted features. This limitation may adversely affect the retrieval performance. To address this problem, this paper proposes a simple yet discriminative feature, called histogram of compressed scattering coefficients (HCSC), for medical image retrieval. In the proposed work, the scattering transform, a particular variation of deep convolutional networks, is first performed to yield more abstract representations of a medical image. A projection operation is then conducted to compress the obtained scattering coefficients for efficient processing. Finally, a bag-of-words (BoW) histogram is derived from the compressed scattering coefficients as the features of the medical image. The proposed HCSC takes the advantages of both scattering transform and BoW model. Experiments on three benchmark medical computer tomography image databases demonstrate that HCSC outperforms several state-of-the-art features.
Relapse to Cocaine-Seeking After Hippocampal Theta Burst Stimulation (2001)

Treatment efforts for cocaine addiction are hampered by high relapse rates. To map brain areas underlying relapse, we used electrical brain stimulation and intracranial injection of pharmacological compounds after extinction of cocaine self-administration behavior in rats. Electrical stimulation of the hippocampus containing glutamatergic fibers, but not the medial forebrain bundle containing dopaminergic fibers, elicited cocaine-seeking behavior dependent on glutamate in the ventral tegmental area. This suggests a role for glutamatergic neurotransmission in relapse to cocaine abuse. The medial forebrain bundle electrodes supported intense electrical self-stimulation. These findings suggest a dissociation of neural systems subserving positive reinforcement (self-stimulation) and incentive motivation (relapse).
Cache Memory Protocols (1999)

Abstract The sections in this article are Existing Directory‐Based Schemes Performance Evaluation Conclusion
Applications of Knot Theory (Proceedings of Symposia in Applied Mathematics) (2009)

Over the past 20-30 years, knot theory has rekindled its historic ties with biology, chemistry, and physics as a means of creating more sophisticated descriptions of the entanglements and properties of natural phenomena--from strings to organic compounds to DNA. This volume is based on the 2008 AMS Short Course, Applications of Knot Theory. The aim of the Short Course and this volume, while not covering all aspects of applied knot theory, is to provide the reader with a mathematical appetizer, in order to stimulate the mathematical appetite for further study of this exciting field. No prior knowledge of topology, biology, chemistry, or physics is assumed. In particular, the first three chapters of this volume introduce the reader to knot theory (by Colin Adams), topological chirality and molecular symmetry (by Erica Flapan), and DNA topology (by Dorothy Buck). The second half of this volume is focused on three particular applications of knot theory. Louis Kauffman discusses applications of knot theory to physics, Nadrian Seeman discusses how topology is used in DNA nanotechnology, and Jonathan Simon discusses the statistical and energetic properties of knots and their relation to molecular biology.
A Time-Saving Device for the Counting of Reticulocytes* (1950)

Journal Article A Time-Saving Device for the Counting of Reticulocytes* Get access George Brecher, M.D., George Brecher, M.D. From the National Institute of Health, Belhesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Schneiderman, B.S. M. Schneiderman, B.S. From the National Institute of Health, Belhesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 20, Issue 11_ts, November 1950, Pages 1079–1083, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/20.11_ts.1079 Published: 01 November 1950 Article history Received: 08 May 1950 Published: 01 November 1950