gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal Study of Children’s Exposure to Pyrethroids (2006)

P-467 Introduction: It is important to understand the exposures of young children to pesticides in the home, especially as the physical and chemical properties of those compounds applied indoors continue to change. The objectives of the study are to: (1) investigate the time course of the redistribution of pyrethroids in various media following application and factors affecting the redistribution; (2) investigate the functional relationships across time between environmental media, personal measurements and biological media; (3) estimate aggregate exposure after application and the importance of each exposure pathway; and (4) investigate the difference between the time course of pyrethroid metabolism between adults and children. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted to investigate 15 homes that use pyrethroids indoors and with stay-home children younger than 3 years old. Each of the homes was monitored intensively for 7 days after pesticide application. Then they were sampled once a week in the first month after application and every other month for the following 11 months. Environmental samples (surface wipes, air samples, toy wipes), food samples, personal samples (hand wipes, whole body dosimeter) and urine samples were collected from children and one stay-home parent. Results: In the end, 67% of the partcicpants completed the entire 12 month study and 80% completed through at least 10 months of sample collection. To date, analyses have been completed for surface wipes, air, toy wipes, hand wipes, and the urine samples collected without the use of a diaper. Deltamethrin and permethrin were the two most frequently measured compounds in surface wipes, with loadings ranging from 0.21 to 160 ng/square cm and 0.025 to 71 ng/square cm for deltametrhin and permethrin, respectively. Air pesticides were measured at low concentrations (likely from suspended dust) and hand wipes typically showed very little. Discussion and Conclusions: In a subset of those homes that had participants with detectable urinary markers of pyrethroid exposure, it was shown that these compounds did not show the anticipated spike following crack and crevice application, as measured by floor wipes, nor did they display the expected, clear decay over time. Additional analysis results showed residues of other, non-applied pyrethroid compounds, suggesting that other compounds were applied before the study and persist indoors. This work was supported by EPA STAR grant R829397-01-0.
Insertional Torque and Pull-out Strengths of Conical and Cylindrical Pedicle Screws in Cadaveric Bone (2000)

Study Design. Insertion torque and pull-out strengths of conical and cylindrical pedicle screws were compared in human cadaveric vertebral bodies. Objectives. To compare the performance of the conical design with the cylindrical design, and to determine whether insertional torque correlates with pull-out strength. Summary of Background Data. A tapered pedicle screw design may lessen the likelihood of implant failure. Its effect on thread purchase is not known. Previous studies of cylindrical designs on the relation between insertion torque and pull-out strength have been conducted in bovine and synthetic bone. Methods. Seventy-eight pedicles were assigned randomly to one of the following pedicle screw: Texas Scottish Rite Hospital (Sofamor-Danek, Memphis, TN), Steffee VSP (Acromed, Cleveland, OH), Diapason (Dimso, Paris, France), AO Schanz (Synthes, Paoli, PA), or Synthes USS (Synthes, Paoli, PA). Pedicle screws were inserted with a torque screwdriver. Each screw was extracted axially from the pedicle at a rate of 1.0 mm/sec until failure using an MTS machine (Bionix 858, Minneapolis, MN). Force data were recorded. Results. The conical design had the highest insertion torque. There were no significant differences in pull-out between any of the screw types. Correlation between insertional torque and pull-out strength was statistically significant only with the Texas Scottish Rite Hospital and Steffee VSP in L4 and AO Schanz in L5. Conclusions. A conical screw profile increases insertion torque, although insertional torque is not a reliable predictor of pull-out strength in cadaveric bone. Screw profile (with similar dimensions) has little effect on straight axial pull-out strengths in cadaveric bone.
A short channel MOSFET model (1977)

The MOSFET equivalent circuit model described incorporates short channel and temperature effects. It includes expressions for the device current in the subthreshold, triode and saturation regions and uses a field dependent mobility and a drain voltage dependent threshold voltage. The drain current-voltage characteristic and its first derivative are continuous in all regions. Relationships for the gate-source and gate-drain capacitances are derived as a function of the device potentials using a field dependent mobility. Using the closed form expressions of this model, simulations were performed for micron long devices having uniform and ion-implanted channel profiles and compared with data at room, above room and liquid nitrogen temperature.
A Model for Software Interoperation in Engineering Enterprise Integration (1997)

Abstract Engineering companies are seeking ways to achieve software interoperability between their internal applications and those of external vendors and customers. The emergence of open data exchange standards such as STEP, as well as the wide variety of possible implementation technologies, has led to our development of a model capable of supporting such software interoperation. Our model is independent of any specific implementation approach and protects proprietary knowledge of the software tools and data standards used within the participating organizations. It provides great flexibility in the configuration of software services and data exchange standards used. We have completed a formal description of the model and are now preparing to test it both locally at Stanford and with support from industrial corporations.
Un système neuro-flou pour la reconnaissance de montants numériques de chèques arabes (2000)

Nous proposons un systeme de reconnaissance de chaines de chiffres indiens dedie a la lecture automatique des montants numeriques de cheques arabes Saoudiens. Dans ce travail, nous presentons un nouveau jeu de primitives pour la caracterisation des chiffres du montant. Le systeme developpe s’articule autour de quatre modules distincts. Un module de pretraitements, un module de segmentation, un module de reconnaissance et un module de detection de symboles de delimitation. Ce dernier est un classifieur neuro-flou charge d’extraire l’information topologique et contextuelle pour reconnaitre les delimiteurs. Sa sortie sera combinee avec celle du module de reconnaissance pour la reconstitution du montant. Les resultats obtenus sur les bases de donnees VID et VCA de CENPARMI sont prometteurs.
Low BMD Is a Risk Factor for Low-Energy Colles??? Fractures in Women before and after Menopause (2005)

Prognostic study, Level I-1 (prospective study). See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Implantable loop recorder in unexplained syncope: classification, mechanism, transient loss of consciousness and role of major depressive disorder in patients with and without structural heart disease (2007)

The presence of SHD has little predictive value for the occurrence or type of arrhythmia in patients with unexplained syncope. Patients with major depressive disorder are prone to early recurrence of symptoms and have no evidence of arrhythmia in most cases. The ILR leads to specific treatment in half of all patients.
Identification of ZNF313 / RNF114 as a novel psoriasis susceptibility gene (2008)

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated skin disorder that is inherited as a multifactorial trait. Linkage studies have clearly identified a primary disease susceptibility locus lying within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), but have generated conflicting results for other genomic regions. To overcome this difficulty, we have carried out a genome-wide association scan, where we analyzed more than 408,000 SNPs in an initial sample of 318 cases and 288 controls. Outside of the MHC, we observed a single cluster of disease-associated markers, spanning 47 kb on chromosome 20q13. The analysis of two replication data sets confirmed this association, with SNP rs495337 yielding a combined P-value of 1.4 x 10(-8) in an overall sample of 2679 cases and 2215 controls. Rs495337 maps to the SPATA2 transcript and is in absolute linkage disequilibrium with five SNPs lying in the adjacent ZNF313 gene (also known as RNF114). Real-time PCR experiments showed that, unlike SPATA2, ZNF313 is abundantly expressed in skin, T-lymphocytes and dendritic cells. Furthermore, an analysis of the expression data available from the Genevar database indicated that rs495337 is associated with increased ZNF313 transcripts levels (P = 0.003), suggesting that the disease susceptibility allele may be a ZNF313 regulatory variant tagged by rs495337. Homology searches indicated that ZNF313 is a paralogue of TRAC-1, an ubiquitin ligase regulating T-cell activation. We performed cell-free assays and confirmed that like TRAC-1, ZNF313 binds ubiquitin via an ubiquitin-interaction motif (UIM). These findings collectively identify a novel psoriasis susceptibility gene, with a putative role in the regulation of immune responses.
Measurement and development of sound exposure level (SEL) versus distance curves for rotary-wing aircraft (1977)

Systematic measurements, similar to FAR Part 36, were made on eight models of Army rotary-wing aircraft (OH-58, AH-1G, UH-1M, UH-1B, UH-1H, CH47B, CH54, TH-55). The aircraft performed dynamic operations consisting of level flyovers, ascents, descents, turns, takeoffs, and landings; and static operations including in-ground and out-of-ground effect hovers. SEL versus distance curves were developed for these operations. Results are grouped according to model and type of operation and are suitable for use in manual or computerized programs for predicting noise impact for rotary-wing aircraft. Type of maneuver was not found to be a significant factor. The largest level differences are from one type of aircraft to another.
Both a ubiquitous factor mTEF-1 and a distinct muscle-specific factor bind to the M-CAT motif of the myosin heavy chain β gene (1993)

The A element, a fourteen base pair sequence in the rabbit myosin heavy chain (HC) beta promoter (-276/-263), contains the M-CAT motif, a cis-acting element found in several muscle-specific genes. The A element is essential for muscle-specific transcription of the myosin HC beta gene. Recently, we have identified both muscle-specific and ubiquitous factors (A1 and A2 factors, respectively) that bind to the A element. Since the sequence of the A element is very similar to the GTIIC motif in the SV40 enhancer, we examined the relationship between A-element-binding factors and a GTIIC binding factor TEF-1, recently isolated from HeLa cells. The GTIIC motif was bound by the A1 and A2 factors in muscle nuclear extracts and competed with the A element for DNA-protein complex formation. Antibody against human TEF-1 'supershifted' the ubiquitous A2 factor-DNA complex, but did not alter the mobility of the muscle-specific A1 factor-DNA complex. We isolated a murine cDNA clone (mTEF-1) from a cardiac cDNA library. The clone is highly homologous to Hela cell TEF-1. The in vitro transcription/translation product of mTEF-1 cDNA bound to the A element, and the DNA binding property of mTEF-1 was identical to that of the A2 factor. Transfection of mTEF-1 cDNA into muscle and non-muscle cells confirmed that mTEF-1 corresponds to A2, but not to A1 factors. The mTEF-1 mRNA is expressed abundantly in skeletal and cardiac muscles, kidney and lung, but it is also expressed at lower levels in other tissues. These results suggest that the M-CAT binding factors consist of two different factors; the ubiquitous A2 is encoded by mTEF-1, but the muscle-specific A1 factor is distinct from mTEF-1.
Picosecond pulsed two‐photon imaging with repetition rates of 200 and 400 MHz (1998)

We show the viability of high‐resolution two‐photon fluorescence imaging of fixed and live cells by exciting the fluorophores with a train of near‐infrared pulses with duration in the picosecond range. This is exemplified with a compact, diode‐pumped Nd:YVO 4 laser, emitting trains of 7‐ps pulses at a wavelength of 1064 nm, with a repetition rate of 200 MHz at two separate outputs. Incoherent combination of the outputs enabled two‐photon excitation with a repetition rate of 400 MHz. For a numerical aperture of 1.4 (oil), we used an average illumination power of up to 20–40 mW at the sample. The pulses were coupled into a beam scanning microscope, either directly or through a single mode glass fibre. Compared with standard femtosecond titanium–sapphire excitation conditions, our experiments were performed with a 2.5 or 5 times higher repetition rate, 30–70 times longer pulses and 10–35 times lower pulse peak intensity. The experiments indicate the possibility of significantly relaxing the temporal pulse width constraints for a series of applications.
Comparative analysis of knowledge representation and reasoning requirements across a range of life sciences textbooks (2014)

With some additional work, our representation methodology would be applicable to a range of textbooks. The requirements for knowledge representation are common across textbooks, suggesting that a shared semantic infrastructure for the life sciences is feasible. Because our representation overlaps heavily with those already being used for biomedical ontologies, this work suggests a natural pathway to include such representations as part of the life sciences curriculum at different grade levels.
<title>Transfer function of the thin-shell PZT ceramic cylinder as a phase modulator in fiber optic sensors</title> (1992)

An optical fiber PZT cylinder phase modulator is frequently used in an optical fiber interferometric sensor for demodulating sensing signals. In this paper, we combine the piezoelectric equations and the fiber phase shift relations to deliver a thorough description of the phase response of the optical fiber PZT cylinder phase modulator. We also design an experiment to verify our derivation. The result is quite compatible with published data.
Sécurité électrique et reconfiguration sur défaillance interne - Des structures de base aux architectures complexes (2014)

National audience
Oculatol, Oculatolide, and A-nor Sterols from the Sponge <i>Haliclona oculat</i>a (2006)

Chemical investigation of the marine sponge Haliclona oculata resulted in the isolation of eight new compounds including oculatol (1) and oculatolide (2) and six unusual A-nor steroids, 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta-hydroxy-A-nor-ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-4-one (3), 2-ethoxycarbonyl-24-ethyl-2beta-hydroxy-A-nor-cholesta-5-en-4-one (4), 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta,7beta-dihydroxy-A-nor-ergosta-5,24(28)-dien-4-one (5), 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta,7beta-dihydroxy-A-nor-cholesta-5-en-4-one (6), 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta,7beta-dihydroxy-24-methyl-A-nor-cholesta-5,22(E)-dien-4-one (7), and 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2beta,7beta-dihydroxy-A-nor-cholesta-5,22(E)-dien-4-one (8), along with 16 known steroids and indole derivatives. Their structures were unambiguously determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.
Growth Phase-Dependent Regulation and Stringent Control of <i>fis</i> Are Conserved Processes in Enteric Bacteria and Involve a Single Promoter ( <i>fis</i> P) in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (2003)

The intracellular concentration of the Escherichia coli factor for inversion stimulation (Fis), a global regulator of transcription and a facilitator of certain site-specific DNA recombination events, varies substantially in response to changes in the nutritional environment and growth phase. Under conditions of nutritional upshift, fis is transiently expressed at very high levels, whereas under induced starvation conditions, fis is repressed by stringent control. We show that both of these regulatory processes operate on the chromosomal fis genes of the enterobacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, Erwinia carotovora, and Proteus vulgaris, strongly suggesting that the physiological role of Fis is closely tied to its transcriptional regulation in response to the nutritional environment. These transcriptional regulatory processes were previously shown to involve a single promoter (fis P) preceding the fis operon in E. coli. Recent work challenged this notion by presenting evidence from primer extension assays which appeared to indicate that there are multiple promoters upstream of fis P that contribute significantly to the expression and regulation of fis in E. coli. Thus, a rigorous analysis of the fis promoter region was conducted to assess the contribution of such additional promoters. However, our data from primer extension analysis, S1 nuclease mapping, beta-galactosidase assays, and in vitro transcription analysis all indicate that fis P is the sole E. coli fis promoter in vivo and in vitro. We further show how certain conditions used in the primer extension reactions can generate artifacts resulting from secondary annealing events that are the likely source of incorrect assignment of additional fis promoters.
MACHINE LEARNING AS A DECISION SUPPORT TOOL FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT OPERATION (2019)

Wastewater treatment is a significant environmental challenge. It is also an economic challenge for all operators, who face more and more demanding national and supranational regulations. Optimizing wastewater treatment processes requires physical, biological and chemical models with various degrees of complexity. From an operational perspective, programmable logic controllers are generally used. Those controllers follow strategies implemented by technicians with various degrees of expertise. This may lead to over-or under-aeration, which can be very costly. Commonly used strategies are mostly based on business rules and expert guidelines, which do not necessarily consider specific operating conditions. In this study, focused on the aeration process, a machine learning approach is applied to predict the daily operating time of aerators. Two types of models, according to the data considered, have been evaluated. The first model considers only the operation data as explanatory variables (pollutant concentrations and inflow), while the second model includes exogenous weather data (temperature, hygrometry, rainfall depth). The best model reaches a mean error less than 1%.
Eosinophile Ösophagitis: Eine klinisch wie endoskopisch unterschätzte Krankheitsentität? (2004)

Bei Kindern sind 1/3 der Fälle mit vermeintlicher Refluxerkrankung durch Nahrungsmittelallergie verursacht, durch Säureblockade ohne Besserung, aber mittels Eliminationsdiät behandelbar. In anderen Fällen, in denen Säureblockade ebenfalls versagt, aber keine Allergie nachweisbar ist, zeigt die Histologie eine dichte Infiltration des Ösophagus mit eosinophilen Granulozyten. Beide Krankheitsbilder, „Allergische Ösophagitis“ mit fakultativer Gewebseosinophilie und „Idiopatische eosinophile Ösophagitis“, sind in der Pädiatrie seit Kurzem etabliert, im Erwachsenalter bislang kaum beschrieben. Hier präsentieren wir einen Fall von eosinophiler Ösophagitis bei einem 16jährigen Mann, der sich wegen unklarer Dysphagie seit frühester Kindheit und retrosternaler Schmerzen vorstellte. Ein Ösophagusbreischluck und eine Gastroskopie zeigten eine Passagestörung bei 25cm, die als entzündliche Striktur interpretiert wurde. Eine Therapie mit PPI erbrachte keine Besserung. Allergien waren nicht bekannt. Die erste bei uns durchgeführte Gastroskopie zeigte ein zu chronischer Refluxösphagitis passendes Bild mit konzentrischen narbigen und längsstreifigen ulzerativen Veränderungen über dem gesamten Ösophagus mit eindrücklichen Schleimhautdefekten. Differentialdiagnostisch wurden Lichen, Verätzung und Infektion vermutet. Die Biopsien aus dem distalen Ösophagus zeigten eosinophile Entzündung. Nach einer Woche unter PPI zeigte sich keine Befundbesserung, stattdessen erneut ausgeprägte Eosinophilie (22/HPF, normal <5/HPF). Trotz negativer Anamnese wurde eine Allergiediagnostik initiert, die multiple Sensibilisierungen auf Gräser, Milben und Nahrungsmittel erbrachte bei normalem Blutbild, normalem Gesamt-IgE und deutlich erhöhtem Serum-EPX, einem Eosinophilenaktivitätsmarker. Daraufhin wurde die PPI-Terapie abgesetzt und stattdessen zu Allergenkarenz instruiert. Nach 10 Wochen waren die Schleimhautdefekte leicht rückläufig bei unveränderter Eosinophilie, welche im proximalen Ösophagus zunahm (50/HPF) und im Magen nicht nachweisbar war. Die Therapie wurde um Prednisolon erweitert, was zu einer raschen Besserung führte. Der Fall zeigt die Relevanz der Abgrenzung zwischen klassischem Refluxleiden und eosinophiler Ösophagitis, weil vollkommen verschiedene Therapien benötigt werden. Eine Immunotherapie vor der Pollensaison muss hier erwogen werden.
Neuromodulated Neural Hardware and Its Implementation on an Autonomous Mobile Robot (2004)

In order to construct truly autonomous mobile robots, the concept of packaging is highly indispensable: all parts such as controllers, power systems, and batteries should be embedded inside a body. Therefore, implementing a controller on hardware is one of the most promising ways, since this contributes to low power consumption, miniaturization, and so on. Another crucial requirement in the field of autonomous mobile robots is robustness. That is, autonomous mobile robots have to cope with their unpredictably changing environments in real time. In this study, to meet these requirements the concept of Dynamically Rearrangeable Electrical Circuit(DREC) is proposed. In addition, we implement DREC onto FPGAs as physical electronic circuits by using the diffusion-reaction mechanism of neuromodulation which is widely observed in biological nervous systems. We developed the DREC for the peg-pushing task as a practical example. We confirmed that the physical DREC can successfully regulate the behavior according to the situation by changing its properties in real time.
Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin and Chronic Alcohol Ingestion in Subjects with Transferrin CD-Variants (2001)

Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is widely accepted as screening test for excessive alcohol consumption. However, results from subjects with transferrin variants must be interpreted with caution since chromatography-based methods may give false-positive results. Furthermore, due to the co-elution in HPLC or the co-migration in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) of the di- and trisialylated C transferrins with the tetrasialylated D peak, exact measurement of CDT is impossible in CD-variants. Therefore, in this study, we tried to offer a different solution, including only the asialo-D, asialo-C, monosialo-D, monosialo-C, disialo-D and trisialo-D transferrins in the CDT calculation and referring to a different cut-off value for CDT in transferrin CD-variants. Comparison of alcohol consumers with teetotalers demonstrated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.79 and 0.76 for carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, 0.71 and 0.71 for mean corpuscular volume and 0.51 and 0.68 for gamma-glutamyltransferase in 43 subjects with transferrin CD-variants and 225 subjects with CC-phenotypes, respectively. Since false-positive carbohydrate-deficient transferrin results due to a transferrin CD-variant have major social implications, capillary electrophoresis-based or similar methods (HPLC, FPLC) should be preferred in populations carrying a high D-allele frequency.