gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Changes in the middle region of Sup35 profoundly alter the nature of epigenetic inheritance for the yeast prion [ <i>PSI</i> <sup>+</sup> ] (2002)

The yeast prion [PSI(+)] provides an epigenetic mechanism for the inheritance of new phenotypes through self-perpetuating changes in protein conformation. [PSI(+)] is a nonfunctional, ordered aggregate of the translation termination factor Sup35p that influences new Sup35 proteins to adopt the same state. The N-terminal region of Sup35p plays a central role in prion induction and propagation. The C-terminal region provides translation termination activity. The function of the highly charged, conformationally flexible middle region (M) is unknown. An M deletion mutant was capable of existing in either the prion or the nonprion state, but in either case it was mostly insoluble. Substituting a charged synthetic polypeptide for M restored solubility, but the prions formed by this variant were mitotically very unstable. Substituting charged flexible regions from two other proteins for M created variants that acquired prion states (defined as self-perpetuating changes in function transferred to them from wild-type [PSI(+)] elements), but had profoundly different properties. One was soluble in both the prion and the nonprion form, mitotically stable but meiotically unstable, and cured by guanidine HCl but not by alterations in heat shock protein 104 (Hsp104p). The other could only maintain the prion state in the presence of wild-type protein, producing Mendelian segregation patterns. The unique character of these M variants, all carrying the same N-terminal prion-determining region, demonstrate the importance of M for [PSI(+)] and suggest that a much wider range of epigenetic phenomena might be based on self-perpetuating, prion-like changes in protein conformation than suggested by our current methods for defining prion states.
Device physics and technology of complementary silicon MESFET's for VLSI applications (1991)

The development of a complete complementary MESFET technology is presented. The state-of-the-art, fully implanted, CMOS-like process uses Shannon implants together with a refractory silicide Schottky-gate material to combine high gate barrier heights with ease of fabrication. To minimize parasitic resistances, a unique sidewall structure and sidewall spacers are utilized to allow for self-aligned implantation of the source/drain regions. A self-aligned titanium silicidation technique is employed to minimize sheet and contact resistance of the source/drain regions. The SUPREM process simulator was employed extensively. The performance and modeling of device parameters (e.g., threshold voltage, gate leakage, and short-channel effects) and circuit parameters (e.g. standby current, noise margin, and speed) were accomplished through analytic formulations, the PISCES two-dimensional device simulator, and the SPICE circuit simulator.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Barriers to Metabolic Care for Adults with Serious Mental Illness: Provider Perspectives (2011)

This study assessed barriers to metabolic care for persons with serious mental illness (SMI) by surveying experienced healthcare providers. Sixty-eight medical, mental health, and other stakeholders who care for patients with SMI attended a CME conference focused on medical management of SMI patients in 2007. They completed a 27-item survey assessing barriers to and systemic responsibility for metabolic care. The top three ranked barriers were: "separate mental health and primary care systems," "patient's lack of resources," and "[mental health] providers are not trained to do basic primary care." Results indicated that ratings of CMHC responsibility for SMI metabolic care (M = 5.2, SD = 1.5) were significantly lower than ratings of public health (M = 5.7, SD = 1.4), t(66) = 2.3, p = 0.027, and primary care providers (M = 6.3, SD = 1.1), t(67) = 4.7,p <0.001. Experienced providers identified a lack of integrated care and patient characteristics as important barriers to metabolic care and concluded that the primary care and public health systems are primarily responsible for metabolic treatment.
Immunometabolism and Pulmonary Infections: Implications for Protective Immune Responses and Host-Directed Therapies (2019)

The biology and clinical efficacy of immune cells from patients with infectious diseases or cancer are associated with metabolic programming. Host immune- and stromal-cell genetic and epigenetic signatures in response to the invading pathogen shape disease pathophysiology and disease outcomes. Directly linked to the immunometabolic axis is the role of the host microbiome, which is also discussed here in the context of productive immune responses to lung infections. We also present host-directed therapies (HDT) as a clinically viable strategy to refocus dysregulated immunometabolism in patients with infectious diseases, which requires validation in early phase clinical trials as adjuncts to conventional antimicrobial therapy. These efforts are expected to be continuously supported by newly generated basic and translational research data to gain a better understanding of disease pathology while devising new molecularly defined platforms and therapeutic options to improve the treatment of patients with pulmonary infections, particularly in relation to multidrug-resistant pathogens.
Incidence of dual AV node physiology following termination of AV nodal reentrant tachycardia by adenosine-5'-triphosphate: a comparison with drug administration in sinus rhythm. (2003)

Administration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in sinus rhythm identifies dual atrioventricular node physiology (DAVNP) in 75% of patients with inducible slow/fast AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). The incidence of DAVNP following termination of AVNRT with ATP is unknown. Incremental doses of ATP (10-60 mg) were administered, first in sinus rhythm and then during tachycardia induced at electrophysiologic study, to 84 patients with inducible AVNRT and to 18 control patients with inducible AV reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) and no electrophysiologic evidence of DAVNP. Study end-points were the occurrence of DAVNP or > or = 2nd degree AV block following administration of ATP in sinus rhythm and tachycardia termination following administration of ATP during tachycardia. Of the 82 patients with AVNRT who completed the study, 62 (75.6%) exhibited DAVNP following administration of 17.1 +/- 9.4 mg ATP in sinus rhythm, while 30 (36.5%) exhibited DAVNP at the termination of AVNRT following administration of 10.6 +/- 2.4 mg ATP. The occurrence of DAVNP following the administration of 10 mg ATP in sinus rhythm.was a good predictor (62%) of its occurrence after termination of AVNRT with ATP. The dose of ATP had a strong correlation between the presence of DAVNP following AVNRT termination and the ATP doses needed for tachycardia termination. Of the 18 control patients, none had DAVNP at ATP test during sinus rhythm but 1 (5.5%) showed slight (60 msec) PR jump after termination of AVRT with ATP. In conclusion, DAVNP is present in a relatively high proportion (36.5%) of patients following termination of AVNRT with ATP but is much less frequent (5.5%) in control patients. Thus, findings at termination of tachycardia by ATP may be useful in the noninvasive diagnosis of the mechanism of a paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
Clinical Correlates and Familial Aggregation of Age at Onset in Bipolar Disorder (2006)

Age at onset is associated with clinical heterogeneity in bipolar disorder and aggregates, possibly along with drug abuse, within families. These findings are consistent with the conclusion that age at onset reflects underlying genetic heterogeneity in bipolar disorder. Thus, age at onset may conceivably be used to identify more homogeneous groups of bipolar disorder families and thereby facilitate the mapping of bipolar disorder susceptibility genes.
[HC{(CMe)(NAr)}2]Al[(NSiMe3)2N2] (Ar=2,6-iPr2C6H3): The First Five-Membered AlN4 Ring System (2000)

Egal wie viel man nimmt, Me3SiN3 reagiert mit der monomeren AlI-Verbindung [HC{(CMe)(NAr)}2]Al bei tiefen Temperaturen zu [HC{(CMe)(NAr)}2]Al[(NSiMe3)2N2], einer Verbindung einer neuen Klasse von binären Al-N-Ringsystemen (siehe Bild; Ar=2,6-iPr2C6H3). Dieses ist die erste charakterisierte cyclische Verbindung mit einem Element der Gruppe 13 in einer MN4-Einheit.
Th17 and Th1 responses directed against the immunizing epitope, as opposed to secondary epitopes, dominate the autoimmune repertoire during relapses of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2007)

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease with similarities to multiple sclerosis (MS). It has been suggested that relapses of EAE and MS may be associated with, and even driven by, T cells specific for novel epitopes that are primed during the course of tissue destruction in the target organ or in secondary lymphoid tissues. We show, however, that IFNgamma and IL-17 responses against the immunizing epitope remain dominant through out the course of multiphasic EAE. Furthermore, induction of tolerance against a putative secondary epitope did not prevent clinical relapses.
Application of Gas-Liquid Chromatography to Analysis of Liquid Petroleum Fractions (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTApplication of Gas-Liquid Chromatography to Analysis of Liquid Petroleum FractionsD. H. Desty and B. H. F. WhymanCite this: Anal. Chem. 1957, 29, 3, 320–329Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60123a001https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60123a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views201Altmetric-Citations46LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Taurine Lowers Blood Pressure in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat by a Catecholamine Independent Mechanism (1989)

Taurine, a sulfur aminoacid, has been studied for a role in blood pressure regulation since it functions as a generalized inhibitory neurotransmitter and is found in high concentrations in the myocardium. We reinvestigated the magnitude of the hypotensive effect of chronic taurine administration to the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and the role of catecholamines in such an action. The SHR received either a 1% taurine solution or tap water to drink for 16 weeks. Taurine treatment caused a significant persistent reduction in blood pressure by 4 weeks that was maximal at 16 weeks (146 +/- 6 [exp.] v 182 +/- 5 [control] mm Hg, P less than .01). While this taurine-induced decline in blood pressure in the SHR was not accompanied by alterations in plasma epinephrine levels, there was a steady 235% increment in the norepinephrine concentration from 231 +/- 31 pg/mL initially to 542 +/- 126 pg/mL at completion of the study, P less than .02. The reduction in blood pressure was associated with decreased proteinuria in the taurine-treated SHR (9.6 +/- 4 [exp.] v 21.5 +/- 7 [control] mg/24 h, P less than .02) and less cardiac and renal hypertrophy. We conclude that taurine administration results in a 20 to 25% reduction in blood pressure in the SHR. The mechanism of this hypotensive action requires further study but is independent of changes in plasma catecholamine levels. The vasodepressor effect of taurine leads to less hypertensive injury to the kidney and heart in the SHR.
PAVEMENT ELASTIC CHARACTERISTICS MEASURED BY MEANS OF TESTS CONDUCTED WITH THE FALLING WEIGHT DEFLECTOMETER (1985)

In this paper a procedure is described that obtains the elastic moduli of both flexible and semi-rigid pavements from tests carried out with a falling weight deflectometer (FWD). The pavements are schematized as an elastic four-layer body. For bituminous and hydraulic-bound layers, a linear elastic law was adopted, whereas a nonlinear elastic law was used for unbound layers (subbase and subgrade). The behavior of a large number of pavements subjected to the FWD load was analyzed by using a finite-element model. A wide range of layer thicknesses and moduli were included in the pavement sections tested. From this analysis and by using the multiple regression technique, it was possible to determine analytical functions between deflections and moduli. The procedure allows an evaluation of the moduli of the different pavement layers by using these functions and the deflections measured under the FWD load. An example of a practical application of this procedure to the elastic characteristics of semi-rigid pavements of some Italian motorways is presented in the paper.
Hearing Where We're Coming From‐Ethically and Professionally (2000)

Anthropologists concerned about the discipline's ability to cope ethically and ethnographically with a globalized world should not dismiss too hastily the methodology--and the ethics built into it--that anthropology developed over the last century. This methodology of making "displacing" translations, based on ethnographic experience and a politics of translation, can still provide a workable ethics and a viable labor of ethnography even in the world at present.
Technique for measuring phase-conjugation fidelity by heterodyning signals (1985)

A simple heterodyning technique is described that permits a rigorous measurement of the phase-conjugate fraction of a scattered beam in Brillouin scattering. A general expression for interferometry using phase-conjugate mirrors is derived. The applications of the technique to the measurement of laser phase structure and intensity-dependent phase shifts, and also for high-resolution determination of Brillouin acoustic frequencies, are discussed.
An evolutionary computing approach to minimize dynamic hedging error (2003)

The objective of our present paper is to derive a computationally efficient genetic pattern learning algorithm to evolutionarily derive the optimal rebalancing weights (i.e. dynamic hedge ratios) to engineer a structured financial product out of a multi-asset, best-of option. The stochastic target function is formulated as an expected squared cost of hedging (tracking) error which is assumed to be partly dependent on the governing Markovian process underlying the individual asset returns and partly on randomness i.e. pure white noise. A simple haploid genetic algorithm is advanced as an alternative numerical scheme, which is deemed to be computationally more efficient than numerically deriving an explicit solution to the formulated optimization model. An extension to our proposed scheme is suggested by means of adapting the Genetic Algorithm parameters based on fuzzy logic controllers. 1. Problem specification Let a structured financial product be made up of an envelope of J different assets such that the investor has the right to claim the return on the best-performing asset out of that envelope after a stipulated lock-in period [1]. Then, if one of the J assets in the envelope is the risk-free asset then the investor gets assured of a minimum return equal to the risk-free rate i on his invested capital at the termination of the stipulated lock-in period. This effectively means that his or her investment becomes endogenously capital-guaranteed as the terminal wealth, even at its worst, cannot be lower in value to the initial wealth plus the return earned on the risk-free asset minus a finite cost of portfolio insurance, which is paid as the premium to the option writer. The expected present value of terminal option payoff
Scratch Resistance and Localised Damage Characteristics of Polymer Surfaces – a Review (2003)

Abstract The “Scratch Test” is, arguably, the earliest and amongst the now most widely used techniques for evaluating a wide range of surface mechanical properties. Some of the areas where this test has been successfully used in the engineering field, both by research and industry, include the determination of the relative hardness of materials, characterizations of coatings, paints and thin‐films, modeling of the wear of materials and the estimation of different material deformation characteristics when subjected to hard asperity damage. In this paper we have reviewed the “state‐of‐the‐art” in the scratch method for polymeric materials. The paper provides some important theoretical models that have been developed in the field of scratching for material property characterizations. Results from different types of scratch tests (macro, micro and nano scales) on a range of polymeric materials are presented with critical discussion on the usefulness of each result. Finally, various areas for further research in scratching of polymer surfaces have been identified.
ASSESSMENT OF WIRE TENSION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY (2005)

Objectives: To develop a non-invasive method to assess the wire tension quantitatively which can be used in clinic. Background: Fine-wire external fixators are widely used in the fixation of fractures and limb reconstruction. A requirement of stable fixation is that the wires maintain their tension. Recent lab tests have shown that substantial reduction in wire tension occurred during the simulated operative procedures. Clinical experience also indicated that wire site discomfort might be related to loss in wire tension. It would be very helpful if the wire tension could be assessed quantitatively by a non-invasive method. Methods: An apparatus based on a LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) was developed to apply a constant transverse force to a wire and measure its deflection with respect to another parallel wire. An unstable oblique fracture was created in a Sawbones tibia and stabilized by a Sheffield Ring Fixator. The deflection of the testing wire was measured in four tests: (1) Two parallel wires fixation, tensioned reference wire, variable clamp to bone distance; (2) Two parallel wires fixation, loose reference wire, 80mm clamp-bone distance. (3) Two groups of parallel wires fixation with 70° crossing angle, tensioned reference wire, 80mm clamp-bone distance; (4) Two groups of parallel wires fixation with 70° crossing angle, tensioned reference wire, 80mm clamp-bone distance, osteotomy site fixed with a lag screw to simulate a stable fracture or a healing fracture. Fracture stiffness in the above conditions was derived from previous work. Stepwise multiple variable regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between wire deflection and wire tension, clamp-bone distance, number of wires, reference wire tension, and fracture stiffness. Results: The reference wire tension and fracture stiffness was excluded from the regression equation, indicating that they did not affect the wire deflection. The regression equation containing only the testing wire tension had an adjusted R-square value of 0.521, while the equation containing the testing wire tension and clamp-bone distance had the R-square values of 0.854. The addition of the number of wires to the regression equation resulted in a slight increase of the R-square value (0.862). Conclusion: The wire deflection and the clamp-bone distance are the two most important factors that affect wire deflection. The measurement of wire deflection has the potential to predict wire tension and the effect of clamp-bone distance must be considered. Further work is required to refine the apparatus for clinical use.
Spatio-temporal image filtering with cellular neural networks (1996)

This paper describes a cellular neural network for spatio-temporal image filtering. The filter implemented is similar to the space-time Gabor filter, which has been used as a preprocessing step in several algorithms for image motion analysis. Although it appears that algorithms based upon spatio-temporal filters are quite robust, a significant drawback is that they are computationally intensive on a digital computer. The eventual goal of this research is to implement the filter described here in an analog VLSI chip along with photosensors to sense the image. This chip will simultaneously sense and process the image in parallel, relieving the bottleneck of the filter computations.
ChemInform Abstract: (2 + 2)‐CYCLOADDITIONS TO STRAINED BRIDGEHEAD OLEFINS. II. DIPHENYLKETENE (1982)

Abstract ,Sowohl das bicyclische Olefin (I) "als.
The Mechanisms of Plant Stress Mitigation by Kaolin-based Particle Films and Applications in Horticultural and Agricultural Crops (2012)

Kaolin-based particle films have use in reducing insect, heat, photosynthetically active radiation ( PAR ), and ultraviolet radiation stress in plants resulting from the reflective nature of the particles. Particle films with a residue density of 1 to 4 g·m −2 have been evaluated in a range of crops and agricultural environments. The particle film is a general insect repellant resulting from the change in the plant’s leaf/fruit texture but also because it changes the reflected light signature of the plant causing insect avoidance for many pests. The alteration of reflected light is the result of the ability of the particle film to reflect infrared (IR), PAR , and ultraviolet radiation. Reflection of IR can reduce canopy temperature as much as 5 °C, which will reduce potential transpiration. The reduction of PAR by the film at the leaf level is compensated in varying degrees by diffusion of PAR into the interior of the canopy. Whole canopy photosynthesis can be increased by the combined particle film effects of reduced canopy temperature and increased diffusion of PAR into the interior of the canopy. In apple, reducing fruit surface temperature, PAR , and ultraviolet is an effective means of reducing sunburn damage. The use of a reflective particle film is effective in mitigating environmental stress and has significant economic benefits in agricultural crops.
Propulsion system needs (1991)

The needs of the designer of a solid core nuclear rocket engine are discussed. Some of the topics covered include: (1) a flight thrust module/feed system module assembly; (2) a nuclear thermal rocket (NTR), expander cycle, dual T/P; (3) turbopump operating conditions; (4) typical system parameters; (5) growth capability composite fuel elements; (6) a NTR radiation cooled nozzle extension; (7) a NFS-3B Feed System; and (8) a NTR Integrated Pneumatic-Fluidics Control System.