gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Expression of Cad-II gene in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with Cad-II cDNA after autografted into the bone defects. (2009)

[Objective]To study the expression of Cad-Ⅱ gene in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) transfected with Cad-ⅡcDNA after autografted into the bone defects. [Method]The experimental model of ilium segment defect was established in 20 Japanese white rabbits.The rabbit MSCs were isolated,cultured and expanded in vitro,and then the MSCs,transfected with Cad-Ⅱ and compounded with collagen sponge were autografted into the ilium segment defect.At 4 weeks of operation,the MSCs/ collagen sponge were excised,and the expression of Cad-Ⅱ was evaluated with RT-PCR and immunohistochemical methods.[Result]All of the bone defects treated with implants exhibited new bone formation at 4 weeks postoperatively.In the transfection group,Cad-Ⅱ gene mRNA expression was higher than that in the control group(P0.01).The results of immunohistochemical staining showed there was a significant increase of the positive cells in the transfection group as compared with the control group(P0.01).[Conclusion]MSCs transfected with Cad-Ⅱ is highly expressed after autografted into the bone defects.
Effects of temperature and series resistance on GaAs concentrator solar cell (2008)

Concentrators use reflection or refraction of light, or a combination of both, but concentration of light leads to a crucial heating of the cell, which involves degradation of its performance. However, solar cells especially conceived for concentration can support very intense illuminations as far as an active cooling is assured. In this work, a GaAs solar cell with AlxGaAs window layer, operating under low injection conditions, has been studied with temperature and solar concentration. The temperature corresponding to each concentration was calculated, and then used in the calculation of photovoltaic parameters. The study was carried out under free mode conditions (without heat sink) and then under forced conditions (with a cooling system) in order to demonstrate the importance of cooling in the concentrator solar cells. The effect of series resistance on solar cell characteristics has also been studied. The simulation was carried out using SCAPS-1D simulator. The results were compared with those obtained theoretically; a good agreement was found between the two models.
Preparation of a high-quality PZT thick film with performance comparable to those of bulk materials for applications in MEMS (2008)

High-quality lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thick films have been prepared on silicon substrates by combining PZT–Si bonding and wet-etching technology. The bulk PZT wafer was first bonded to the silicon substrate using a 2 µm thick intermediate layer of epoxy resin with a bonding strength higher than 10 MPa. Then the bulk PZT was thinned by a wet-etching method. The thickness of the final PZT films depends on the etching time. The PZT thick films after being polished showed a surface roughness of about 20 nm (RMS), which can satisfy most of the requirements in MEMS. The prepared PZT thick films show a dielectric constant as high as 2400 below 100 kHz, remnant polarization of 13 µC cm−2, piezoelectric constant d31 of about −280 pm V−1 and Young's modulus of about 63 GPa. The measured electromechanical properties of the PZT thick films were comparable to those of the corresponding bulk ceramics. This approach makes it possible to obtain high-quality PZT films because it separates the PZT wafer fabrication from the target substrate and consequently allows integration of the PZT thick films onto many kinds of substrates. Finally, a self-sensing bulk PZT thick film actuator was fabricated as an example of a basic PZT–Si diaphragm structure that can be used in piezoelectric micropumps, and its sensing and actuating performances were also demonstrated.
MERCURY AND MERCURIALS (1975)

Journal Article MERCURY AND MERCURIALS Get access L. MAGOS, M.D. L. MAGOS, M.D. Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit CarshaltonSurrey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar British Medical Bulletin, Volume 31, Issue 3, September 1975, Pages 241–245, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071293 Published: 01 September 1975
Role of residual olfactory cues in the determination of feeding site selection and exploration patterns of domestic rats. (1976)

Weanling domestic rat pups feed and explore in areas containing residual olfactory cues deposited by conspecific adults in preference to clean areas. Both nulliparous and lactating Long-Evans female rats deposit residual cues in an area that induce pups to explore and feed in it. Residual cues continue to affect the feeding and exploratory behavior of pups to maturity. Discrepancies between results obtained in the olfactory discrimination apparatus used by Leon and Moltz and those of the present experiments are resolved, and evidence is presented for the existence of residual cues not contained in anal excreta, which are attractive to pups. It is suggested that residual cues deposited by adult rats can play a role in directing weanlings to their first meals of solid food in the natural environment.
Schwann cell precursors and their development (1991)

During development of peripheral nerves, an apparently homogeneous pool of embryonic Schwann cells gives rise to two morphologically and antigenically distinct mature Schwann cell types. These are the myelin-forming cells associated with axons of larger diameter and the non-myelin-forming cells associated with axons of smaller diameter. The development of these cells from precursors that can be identified in early embryonic nerves can be followed with the help of antigenic differentiation markers. This development depends on Schwann cells retaining a close association with axons. The effect of axons can be mimicked in vitro by agents that elevate cAMP levels. This has given rise to the idea that the effects of axon-associated signals in Schwann cell development are to a significant extent mediated via elevation in Schwann cell cAMP levels. In vitro, the cAMP induced progression of cells from a premyelination state to a myelination state depends on withdrawal from the cell cycle. It is therefore possible that in vivo, the timing of myelin formation by individual Schwann cells is determined by signals that suppress proliferation.
A BENCH-TOP PROTOTYPE OF A VARIABLE STIFFNESS PROSTHESIS (2005)

A prototype of a variable stiffness prosthetic joint has been constructed and tested. The joint\nis based on two actuator subsystems arranged in an antagonistic configuration. Each actuator\nsubsystem is composed of a small, high-speed electric motor, a single stage, worm-gear based\ntransmission and a nonlinear stiffness element. Each nonlinear stiffness element is composed of a\nset of short sections of elastic tube that was chosen based on its stiffness characteristics. The system\nis powered by batteries and can be controlled in a number of ways. The paper will present the basis\nused for selecting the nonlinear stiffness elements, the details of the design as constructed and a\ncomparison of the actual performance of the prototype to predictions based on design calculations\nand simulations. The prototype has performance that is comparable to commercially available\nprostheses and showed good correspondence between simulation and prototype. The prototype\nwas able to lift a 2 kg load through 135 degrees in 1.42 seconds and to vary its stiffness from 14 to\n24 Nm/rad.
Multiprocessor Organization—a Survey (1977)

article Free Access Share on Multiprocessor Organization—a Survey Author: Philip Enslow School of Information and Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia School of Information and Computer Science, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GeorgiaView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM Computing SurveysVolume 9Issue 1March 1977 pp 103–129https://doi.org/10.1145/356683.356688Published:01 March 1977Publication History 146citation1,717DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations146Total Downloads1,717Last 12 Months187Last 6 weeks15 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
High-Yield Synthesis of Few-Layer Graphene Flakes through Electrochemical Expansion of Graphite in Propylene Carbonate Electrolyte (2011)

High-yield production of few-layer graphene flakes from graphite is important for the scalable synthesis and industrial application of graphene. However, high-yield exfoliation of graphite to form graphene sheets without using any oxidation process or super-strong acid is challenging. Here we demonstrate a solution route inspired by the lithium rechargeable battery for the high-yield (>70%) exfoliation of graphite into highly conductive few-layer graphene flakes (average thickness <5 layers). A negative graphite electrode can be electrochemically charged and expanded in an electrolyte of Li salts and organic solvents under high current density and exfoliated efficiently into few-layer graphene sheets with the aid of sonication. The dispersible graphene can be ink-brushed to form highly conformal coatings of conductive films (15 ohm/square at a graphene loading of <1 mg/cm(2)) on commercial paper.
Shakespeare's Arena-stage at Court (1953)

Discovery of new documents revolutionizes our ideas of Shakespeare's methods of production at Court. We know now that his plays were acted completely 'in the round.' No authority exists for the universal assumption that for plays at Court the stage was set against the lower or 'screen' end of the Hall (as it was for the curtained tableaux of scenic masques, pastorals, or 'shows').
Conserved 3′ UTR stem-loop structure in L1 and Alu transposons in human genome: possible role in retrotransposition (2016)

Here we presented an evidence for the presence of a highly conserved 3'UTR stem-loop structure in L1 and Alu retrotransposons in the human genome. Both stem-loops show structural similarity to the stem-loops of the stringent-type LINEs experimentally confirmed as essential for retrotransposition. Here we hypothesize that both L1 and Alu RNA are recognized by L1 RT via the 3'-end RNA stem-loop structure. Other conserved stem-loop positions in L1 suggest their possible functions in protein-RNA interactions but to date no experimental evidence has been reported.
Computational Modeling of Multi-Layered Reservoirs With Unequal Initial Pressures: Development of a New Pre-Production Well Test (1995)

Abstract The objective of this paper is to present a description and verification of a new semi-analytical simulator used to model the wellbore performance of multi-layered reservoirs with unequal initial pressures. The semi-analytical simulator proved to be faster than a conventional three-dimensional, finite-difference commercial simulator. Also the amount of information needed to run the model is much reduced. The semi-analytical simulator allows each layer to have different layer properties, different boundary conditions, and different initial pressures. The semi-analytical simulator was used to model the reservoir performance for two, three and five layered reservoir cases from the literature. The results were verified by comparing them to the results generated using a finite-difference simulator. The agreement was excellent for all the tested cases. Also, we developed a new well test, the Pre-Production Well-test or PPWT. The PPWT is performed early in the life of a reservoir when the information is most needed for planning production schedules and making economic decisions concerning the life of the wells. Pre-production is the period after completion but before production of the well. Immediately after perforation, we position a pressure gauge above the top perforation to measure the pressure performance from the total system (in two or three layer systems). Cross flow in the wellbore from one layer to another will cause the pressure signal. The cross flow is due to the differential pressure between the layers. One important advantage of the pre-production well test is that there is no production on surface during the test. Thus, the environmental impact caused by flaring oil or gas during a conventional well test is alleviated. We developed the "Derivative Extreme Method" (DEM) for the analysis of wellbore pressures measured during the pre-production well test. The DEM determines layer properties form single pressure profile; no rate measurements are required. The DEM requires that the wellbore pressure be measured until one boundary is felt (i.e., the late-transient region must be reached).
The Portulaca Leafmining Weevil, Hypurus Bertrandi, in Hawaii (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Ceutorhynchinae) (1957)

The subfamily Ceutorhynchinae is not represented in the native Hawaiian fauna, but two species, accidentally introduced, have been discovered in the Islands since the recent world war. One of these is North American, the other is Mediterranean.
Prediction intervals for growth curve forecasts (1995)

Abstract Since growth curves are often used to produce medium‐ to long‐term forecasts for planning purposes, it is obviously of value to be able to associate an interval with the forecast trend. The problems in producing prediction intervals are well described by Chatfield. The additional problems in this context are the intrinsic non‐linearity of the estimation procedure and the requirement for a prediction region rather than a single interval. The approaches considered are a Taylor expansion of the variance of the forecast values, an examination of the joint density of the parameter estimates, and bootstrapping. The performance of the resultant intervals is examined using simulated data sets. Prediction intervals for real data are produced to demonstrate their practical value.
The American School, 1642-1985: Varieties of Historical Interpretation of the Foundations and Development of American Education (1987)

A history of the social, political and ideological forces that have shaped the evolution of schooling in America from colonial times to the present, the main purpose of which is to develop an analytical approach in the reader.
On mitosis in the multicellular alga <i>Ulva mutabilis</i> føyn (1970)

ABSTRACT Mitosis has been studied in the multicellular green alga Ulva mutabilis by light microscopy and by electron microscopy. Mitosis seems to be of the classical type with regard to spindle, centrioles and continuous and chromosomal microtubules. The nuclear membrane, however, disappears only at the poles and persists as a boundary around the mitotic apparatus. In this respect the Ulva cell seems to be in an intermediate position between those species which have intranuclear mitosis and the forms where the nuclear membrane breaks down. A hypothesis which involves localized synthesis of membranes explains partly the intracellular rearrangement of nucleus, Golgi region and chloroplast after mitosis.
Anser: an application of speech technology to the Japanese banking industry (1990)

A system called Anser, which combines speech recognition and synthesis to offer telephone banking services to millions of customers, is described. Anser's design, its current application in banking services and the reasons for its success are discussed. Experience with Anser is examined and potential applications are indicated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An Accumulator Chip (1969)

A large-scale integrated-circuit chip has been designed under the sponsorship of the Air Force Avionics Laboratory. The chip was developed as part of a logic synthesizer effort of the Design Automation group at Litton Systems, Inc., Guidance and Control Systems Division. It was designed as a type or category to be multiply used with one other gating type chip whose format is prescribed by the logic synthesizer. A major goal of this effort will be to design a complete digital system by design-automated techniques using only these two types of chips in a large-scale array.
Variation in the composition of brine from the Sylvania formation near Midland, Michigan (1969)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTVariation in the composition of brine from the Sylvania formation near Midland, MichiganGranville C. Egleson and Charles W. QuerioCite this: Environ. Sci. Technol. 1969, 3, 4, 367–371Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1969Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1969https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es60027a003https://doi.org/10.1021/es60027a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views57Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Final Separation (2003)

Empedocles, the Greek philosopher, believed that one of the main principals of existence is the tension between love and strife (hate). When love rules all the elements are drawn together into a solid substance with no movement or distinction. When hate or strife rule all the elements separate into the smallest atoms and fly away from each other like dust. Neither of these options is conducive to life. According to Empedocles life depends on maintaining the tension between love and hate, between unification and separation. 'Birth is when we are snatched by strife and borne into this world of plurality' (Kirk and Raven, 1957, pp. 356–7).
Benzodiazepines (1974)

DERIVATIVES of the 1,4-benzodiazepine nucleus (Fig. 1) are among the most widely used drugs in clinical medicine. In 1972 more than 77 million prescriptions for benzodiazepine antianxiety agents were filled in American retail pharmacies, of which two thirds were for diazepam. Another four million prescriptions were filled for flurazepam, a hypnotic agent. The total expenditure exceeded 200 million dollars. Benzodiazepines also are extensively administered to hospitalized patients. In two Boston teaching hospitals monitored by the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program in 1973, 30 per cent of all medical inpatients received diazepam, and 32 per cent received flurazepam.Five benzodiazepine derivatives . . .
A novel, facile technique for deacetylating chitin (1990)

Abstract The use of water‐miscible organic solvents such as 2‐propanol, 2‐methyl‐2‐propanol and acetone in the alkaline deacetylation of chitin was examined. Using such diluents enables adequate deacetylation to be obtained with much smaller volumes of alkali, typically 1,5 cm 3 50 wt.‐% aq. NaOH per 1 g of chitin, although in general the extent of deacetylation is less than that obtained using alkali alone under the same conditions of time and temperature. Sufficient deacetylation to render the product acid‐soluble may be obtained at temperatures as low as 56°C, but temperatures of 75–80°C are preferred. The extent of chain cleavage may be reduced by addition of thiophenol or sodium borohydride to the reaction mixture, or by carrying out the deacetylation in an inert atmosphere, and chitosan having M̄ v > 1 · 10 6 and ca. 70% deacetylated sugar units was obtained using the latter technique.
Catalysis of dimerization and oligomerization reactions of lower alkenes by systems based on Ni(PPh3)2(C2H4) and Ni(PPh3) n Cl (n = 2 or 3) (2014)

The catalytic characteristics of the individual complex Ni(PPh3)2(C2H4) and Ni(PPh3) n Cl (n = 2 or 3) and those of systems based on these complexes in combination with Brönsted and Lewis acids in ethylene and propylene oligomerization have been determined. A correlation between the BF3 · OEt2 solution storage time and the catalytic properties of the nickel systems has been established for the reactions of the lower alkenes. The observed increase in the turnover frequency and turnover number of the catalyst is due to the increase in the Brörsted acid concentration as a result of irreversible conversions of BF3 · OEt2 caused by its interaction with impurity water in the solvent. The formation of the Ni(PPh3)2(C2H4)-BF3 · OEt2 catalytic system in the presence of a substrate dramatically extends the system’s service life. The interaction of the nickel precursors with boron trifluoride etherate has been investigated using a complex of physical methods, and the main reactions yielding catalytically active species have been revealed.
The GABA Hypothesis in Essential Tremor: Lights and Shadows (2014)

Background: The gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) hypothesis in essential tremor (ET) implies a disturbance of the GABAergic system, especially involving the cerebellum. This review examines the evidence of the GABA hypothesis. Methods: The review is based on published data about GABA dysfunction in ET, taking into account studies on cerebrospinal fluid, pathology, electrophysiology, genetics, neuroimaging, experimental animal models, and human drug therapies. Results: Findings from several studies support the GABA hypothesis in ET. The hypothesis follows four steps: 1) cerebellar neurodegeneration with Purkinje cell loss; 2) a decrease in GABA system activity in deep cerebellar neurons; 3) disinhibition in output deep cerebellar neurons with pacemaker activity; and 4) an increase in rhythmic activity of the thalamus and thalamo‐cortical circuit, contributing to the generation of tremor. Doubts have been cast on this hypothesis, however, by the fact that it is based on relatively few works, controversial post‐mortem findings, and negative genetic studies on the GABA system. Furthermore, GABAergic drug efficacy is low and some GABAergic drugs do not have antitremoric efficacy. Discussion: The GABA hypothesis continues to be the most robust pathophysiological hypothesis to explain ET. There is light in all GABA hypothesis steps, but a number of shadows cannot be overlooked. We need more studies to clarify the neurodegenerative nature of the disease, to confirm the decrease of GABA activity in the cerebellum, and to test more therapies that enhance the GABA transmission specifically in the cerebellum area.