gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Removing Eye‐movement Artifacts from the EEG during the Intracarotid Amobarbital Procedure (2005)

ICA appears to be a generally applicable and effective method for removing ocular artifacts from EEG recordings during IAP, although slow waves and ocular artifacts share similar frequency distributions.
Evolution of Sterol and Triterpene Cyclases (1994)

Squalene- and oxidosqualene cyclase enzymes catalyze remarkable and complex cyclization/rearrangement reactions. Recently, two cyclase genes have been cloned and sequenced, making it possible to address questions of cyclase evolution and mechanistic enzymology. A comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences of the squalene-hopene cyclase from Bacillus acidocaldarius and the oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase from Candida albicans is presented. These enzymes have different substrate and product specificities but share four regions of substantial amino acid identity, consistent with a divergent evolutionary relationship. These cyclases also share a general richness in tryptophan and tyrosine residues. This feature, the cationic nature of the cyclization/rearrangement reactions, and literature precedents have led to formulation of the aromatic hypothesis--that electron-rich aromatic sidechains from tryptophan, tyrosine, and perhaps phenylalanine are essential features of cyclase active sites, where they direct the folding of substrate and stabilize positively charged transition states and/or high-energy intermediates during cyclization/rearrangement.
Number of interleukin‐4‐ and interferon‐γ‐secreting human T cells reactive with tetanus toxoid and the mycobacterial antigen PPD or phytohemagglutinin: distinct response profiles depending on the type of antigen used for activation (1993)

The enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay has been proven to be an efficient and sensitive method for the enumeration of single cells secreting antibodies or cytokines. Here we have used this method to determine the number of interleukin-4 (IL-4)- and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing cells in vitro secondary responses to tetanus toxoid (TT) and the mycobacterial antigen (purified protein derivative; PPD) or the mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA). PHA-induced IL-4 and IFN-gamma secretion was well correlated suggesting polyclonal activation of cells. This was not the case with the specific antigens, where PPD preferentially induced IFN-gamma- and very few IL-4-producing cells, while TT-induced both IL-4 and IFN-gamma. These differences are probably a reflection of the types of immunity the two antigens induce, mycobacteria preferentially inducing a cell-mediated T helper type 1 (Th 1) type of immunity, while immunity to tetanus is an antibody-dependent, Th 2 type of response. In individuals recently boosted with TT, a significant increase in both IL-4- and IFN-gamma-producing cells in response to TT was seen at day 7 after boost, followed by decline. This was in contrast to what was seen in response to PPD where an increase of IFN-gamma-producing cells after the TT boost at day 7 persisted for at least 14 days. These results suggest that after an in vivo boost both antigen-specific and nonspecific T cells are activated and that antigen-specific cells home to other organs and therefore may be difficult to demonstrate in the circulation. Our data show that the ELISPOT assay is a powerful tool for determining the frequency of cells secreting cytokines. The assay has several advantages over other assays since it is sensitive, measures the number of actually secreting cells, and avoids the problems of binding of cytokines to their cell-bound or soluble receptors.
Clinical evaluation of two new bifunctional chelating agents for immunoscintigraphy (I.S.) with indium-111-anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (1994)

Previous animal studies have shown that chelates of In-111 with semi-rigid cyclohexyl EDTA (CDTA) derivatives produce improved in-vivo stability compared to non-rigid analogs. Two CDTA derivatives, CDTA-EN-SCN (dilithium salt of N-(methyl (2-isothiocyanato-ethyl) carbamide) trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane N,N{prime},N{prime}-triacetic acid) and 4-ICE (4-isothiocyanato-trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane-N,N,N {prime},N{prime}-tetraacetic acid), were synthesized, coupled to anti-CEA F(ab{prime}){sub 2} fragments and labeled with In-111 with a specific activity of 111MBq/mg. Five patients were injected with CDTA-EN-SCN and 4 with 4-ICE. IS was performed 3 days after injection. Mean blood activity, at the time of IS, expressed as the percentage of injected dose per ml, was 0.0038% with 4-ICE and 0.0071% with CDTA-EN-SCN. For comparative purposes, the mean value previously obtained with DTPA coupled to the same antibody was 0.0035%. Liver uptake was estimated from semi-quantitative calculations on scintigraphic images. Compared with the value obtained in a patient injected with 72.3 antibody coupled to DTFPA, a 2.5-fold reduction in liver uptake was observed. However, this reduction was sufficient to allow visualization of a large liver metastasis in one patient. With CDTA-EN-SCN, colon activity was moderate in 3 patients and intense in 1. With 4-ICE it was moderate in 2 patients and intense in 1, With CDTA-EN-SCN, true-positive IS results were observed inmore » 2 patients (pelvis and mediastinum) and a false-negative result was observed in 1 patient (pelvis). In 3 patients, IS was negative and recurrence not yet confirmed despite high serum CEA level. With 4-FICE, true-positive IS results were observed in 3 patients (2 pelvis, 1 lung). A false-negative result was found in a patient with a confirmed liver metastasis.« less
New Design of Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) for Ternary Separations (2005)

A semicontinuous two-zone SMB/chromatography hybrid system was designed for ternary separations, and compared to cascades with two two-zone SMBs and two four-zone SMBs. Operating conditions, productivity, and minimum Dtotal/F values were determined with the local equilibrium model, and purities were simulated using Aspen Chromatography version 11.1. Phenolic mixtures and sugar mixtures were used as models of moderately difficult and difficult linear separations, respectively. At the same productivity, the two-zone SMB/chromatography system gives at least 95% purities with reasonable Dtotal/F values and shows comparable performance with the two four-zone SMB cascade for the moderately difficult separation. For the difficult separation, the two-zone SMB/chromatography system has low purities with large Dtotal/F values, while the two four-zone SMB cascade gives higher purities at lower Dtotal/F values.
A VE-RFQ-injector for a cyclotron (2002)

Based on the development of the variable energy 4-rod-RFQ, a new injector for the ISL heavy ion cyclotron at the HMI Berlin (the former VICKSI machine) is under construction. The ECR source together with two VE-RFQs will replace the 8UD-Tandem injector to meet the demands of solid state physics users. The design of the new RFQ injector and the status of the project will be discussed.
An Expeditious Route to Novel 1,4,2-Benzodiazaphosphepin-5-one 2-Oxide Analogues (1999)

A short and efficient synthesis of the novel 1,4,2-benzodiazaphosphepin-5-one 2-oxide ring system, a phosphonamidate isostere of the 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-dione system, has been carried out in good overall yield. The key step is the base-induced cyclization of (2-aminobenzamido)methylphosphonates 6a-c to the 1,4,2-benzodiazaphosphepin-5-one 2-oxides 7a-c. Alkylation of 7b with methyl iodide gives the expected N-methyl analogue 9. When a tandem one-pot cyclization/alkylation is carried out from 6b in the presence of excess base, the sole isolable product obtained is the phosphonate 13, presumably via ethanolysis of a transiently formed 9. Carrying out the tandem cyclization/alkylation in the absence of excess base, however, affords only 9. Thionation of 7 with Lawesson's reagent occurs at either the phosphonamidate oxygen (P-2) or the amide carbonyl (C-5) depending on the steric constraint of the N-4 substituent.
Membrane forces and key protein determinants of hematopoietic cell function: Lamins and myosin-II in hematopoiesis and CD47 in immunotherapy of cancer (2014)

Hematopoiesis in human bone marrow generates every second about 10 5–106 anucleated platelets and red blood cells as well as nucleated white blood cells that are capable of infiltrating distant tissues. The thesis begins in the marrow with a description of (1) nuclear membrane 'lamina' physicochemical properties that influence marrow-to-circulation trafficking, and proceeds to detail (2) the physicochemical roles of membrane cortex 'myosin' in key marrow processes of motility and division as well as platelet biogenesis and disease. The thesis finishes with (3) studies of macrophages in peripheral tissues far from the marrow and aspects of how such cells distinguish 'foreign' cells from 'self' cells. Collaborative studies show the lamin-A:B ratio controls nuclear viscoelasticity and in turn cell trafficking relevant to marrow escape. Additionally, differential lamin expression can direct erythroid and megakaryocyte differentiation. Secondly, xenografts show that MIIB is required for blood cell generation, while MIIA is required for long-term HSC/P engraftment. MII inhibition by blebbistatin prior to xenotransplantation enriches for long-term hematopoietic multilineage reconstituting cells, and also multi-nucleated megakaryocytes. Cone and plate rheometry demonstrates an optimal shear stress for platelet-like-particle generation from MKs that is enhanced by MII inhibition, and that MIIA heavy chain phosphorylation at S1943 is shear sensitive. Micropipette aspiration of MKs with mutations of the MIIA gene, MYH9, recapitulates MYH9-RD macrothrombocytopenia. Comparing MYH9-RD patient and normal donor platelets shows a similarity in pre/pro-platelets when normals are treated with blebbistatin. These findings provide evidence that regulation of MIIA activity through S1943 phosphorylation is critical to proper MK fragmentation and proplatelet fission to generate platelets of normal size and number. The dissertation concludes with an investigation of an immunotherapy approach to treat peripheral solid tumors by controlling tumor cell CD47 expression and administering an anti-human polyclonal IgG antibody. These in vivo xenograft models provide a mechanism of selective tumor clearance driven by FcR stimulation of macrophages. In all, this work highlights biophysical factors of cortical and nuclear membranes that govern hematopoietic differentiation and trafficking, normal and pathological thrombopoiesis, and a mechanism of phagocytic clearance of cancer cells through CD47 attenuation and species specific but epitope non-specific antibody infusion.
Neoplastic and Tumorlike Lesions Detected on MR Imaging of the Knee in Patients with Suspected Internal Derangement (2002)

Neoplastic and Tumorlike Lesions Detected on MR Imaging of the Knee in Patients with Suspected Internal DerangementPart 2, Articular and Juxtaarticular EntitiesGregory S. Stacy1, Robert K. Heck2 3, Terrance D. Peabody2 and Larry B. Dixon1Audio Available | Share
Colorimetric Assay for Reaction of Sulfhydryl Groups with Organic Mercurials (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTColorimetric Assay for Reaction of Sulfhydryl Groups with Organic MercurialsIrwin. Fridovich and Philip. HandlerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1957, 29, 8, 1219–1220Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac60128a034https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60128a034research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views50Altmetric-Citations34LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
A Metabolic Prototype for Eliminating Tryptophan From The Genetic Code (2013)

We set out to reduce the chemical constitution of a living organism to 19 amino acids. A strain was constructed for reassigning the tryptophan codon UGG to histidine and eliminating tryptophan from Escherichia coli. Histidine codons in the gene for an essential enzyme were replaced with tryptophan codons and the restoration of catalytic activity by missense suppressor His-tRNA bearing a CCA anticodon was selected. We used automated cultivation to assess the stability of this genetic construct during evolution. Histidine to tryptophan mutation at codon 30 in the transketolase gene from yeast and its cognate suppressor tRNA were stably propagated in a tktAB deletant of E. coli over 2500 generations. The ratio of histidine misincorporation at tryptophan sites in the proteome increased from 0.0007 to 0.03 over 300 days of continuous culture. This result demonstrated that the genetic code can be forced to evolve by permanent metabolic selection.
Dephosphorylation by peroxyanions in micelles and microemulsions (1990)

Abstract Dephosphorylation of p ‐nitrophenyl diphenylphosphate (pNPDPP) by OH − in aqueous cationic micelles of cetyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (CTAOH) is inhibited by tert ‐butyl hydroperoxide ( t ‐BuO 2 H), which reduces the binding of OH − , and whose anion is a relatively ineffective nucleophile. Reaction is faster in microemulsions of CTACl, n ‐octane and OH − , with t ‐BuO 2 H as cosurfactant, than in otherwise similar microemulsions with t ‐butyl alcohol as cosurfactant. Dephosphorylation by m ‐chloroperoxybenzoate ion is slower in microemulsions of cetyltrimethylammonium mesylate or benzenesulfonate, with n ‐octane and tert ‐butyl alcohol, than in cationic micelles, but a wide range of concentrations can be examined. The reaction rates qualitatively follow the concentration of peroxy acid relative to surfactant, and inert anions slow the reaction. Dephosphorylation by peroxyphthalate dianion in micelles of CTACl fits a pseudophase kinetic model, except in very dilute surfactant where reaction is faster than predicted.
Local adoptive immunotherapy of human head and neck cancer xenografts in nude mice with lymphokine-activated killer cells and interleukin 2. (1990)

The efficacy of local adoptive immunotherapy with human lymphokine-activated killer cells and recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) in growth inhibition of established squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) was evaluated in a nude mouse model. The model of xenografted SCCHN was established by s.c. injections of in vitro maintained tumor cells (2-10 x 10(6) cells/mouse) into the flank of splenectomized animals pretreated with cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg). The SCCHN line used was tumorigenic in 95% of the appropriately conditioned nude mice. Inhibition of tumor growth by locally administered effector cells was the end point of the study, since the tumors did not metastasize within 6 weeks of tumor challenge. Either i.p. or local administration of rIL-2 alone (1000 units/day) to the tumor site daily for 2 weeks resulted in a significant inhibition of tumor growth. In the absence of detectable natural killer activity in these mice, a modest dose of rIL-2 had a direct antitumor effect on SCCHN cells in vivo. In addition, complete inhibition of tumor growth was achieved with 3 times weekly injections of 5-10 x 10(6) lymphokine-activated killer cells delivered to the tumor site and 1000 units of rIL-2 administered locally every day for 2 weeks. Our data indicate that local or systemic immunotherapy with rIL-2 alone or local adoptive immunotherapy with an adequate dose of lymphokine-activated killer cells plus rIL-2 may be effective in preventing the growth of established SCCHN tumors in vivo.
Influence Of Year In School On Health-related Quality Of Life Among Collegiate Athletes (2017)

Transitioning from high school to college can be a difficult experience; freshmen must adapt to life away from home, new responsibilities, and higher academic demands. For collegiate athletes, this transition also requires adjusting to more rigorous training and greater performance pressures. Together, these stressors may negatively impact health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among freshmen collegiate athletes. PURPOSE: To examine changes in HRQoL over a competitive season among freshmen and senior collegiate athletes. METHODS: 69 freshmen (age=18.2±0.47, male=56) and 23 senior (age=21.4±0.49, male=14) collegiate athletes at a large, Division I university completed the Short Form 12v2.0 Acute Recall (SF-12) prior to the start of the competitive season (PRE) and within 1 month following the end of the competitive season (POST). Participants included athletes who did not sustain an injury during the season or 6 months prior to PRE competing in football (freshman=36, senior=12), soccer (freshman=16, senior=3), and cross country (freshman=17, senior=8) over the 2013-2014 or 2014-2015 seasons. Raw scores were converted to norm-based scores via a linear z-score transformation. Changes (median (IQR)) in PRE to POST Mental Composite Score (MCS) and Physical Composite Score (PCS) were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. RESULTS: MCS significantly decreased (p<0.001) pre- to post-season among freshmen collegiate athletes (PRE=57.06 (54.79, 59.43), POST=54.67 (48.93, 57.06)). This decrease was observed in both males and females (p<0.001 and p=0.027, respectively). There was no change (p=0.341) in PCS among freshmen. Among senior collegiate athletes, MCS (PRE=55.34 (54.22, 58.26), POST=54.20 (49.50, 58.10)) and PCS (PRE=57.47 (54.39, 57.84), POST=56.71 (55.34, 58.40)) did not change significantly pre- to post-season (p=0.487 and p=0.889, respectively). CONCLUSION: Among freshmen collegiate athletes, mental aspects of HRQoL decreased over the course of the competitive season. Transitioning from high school to collegiate academics and athletics may produce high levels of psychological stress that can negatively impact HRQoL. University athletic programs should consider offering stress-management and counseling services to help incoming freshmen athletes adjust to college life.
Nodular Hyperplasia, Black Thyroid, and Chronic Minocycline Ingestion in a Teenager (1992)

An 18-year-old man with left-lobe thyroid hemiagenesis underwent isthmectomy for management of a nodule that failed to take up radioactive iodine during a nuclear scan. The resected tissue, which demonstrated nodular hyperplasia, and the remaining right lobe, were black. The association between deep staining and chronic minocycline ingestion was subsequently recognized. Twelve years later, the patient remained asymptomatic, suggesting that complete resection of tetracycline-stained thyroid tissue is unnecessary.
Flight Dynamics and Control Authority of Flap Controlled Open Boxes in Atmospheric Flight (2005)

3 2 1 0 , , , q q q q : Quaternion orientation parameters of box. w v u , , : Components of velocity vector of mass center in body reference frame. r q p , , : Components of angular velocity vector in body reference frame. Z Y X , , : Total applied force components in body reference frame. N M L , , : Total applied moment components about mass center in body reference frame. A A A w v u , , : Relative aerodynamic velocity components of mass center in body reference frame. A V : Magnitude of relative aerodynamic velocity vector of mass center.
Case report: inspiratory muscle training in chronic critically ill patients — A report of two cases (2005)

These positive results indicate further research is needed to investigate the effect of inspiratory muscle training on respiratory function, exercise tolerance and functional performance, for the possible inclusion of inspiratory muscle training into the physiotherapy management of patients following prolonged mechanical ventilation.
An Efficient Method for the In Vitro Production of Azol(in)e‐Based Cyclic Peptides (2014)

Abstract Heterocycle‐containing cyclic peptides are promising scaffolds for the pharmaceutical industry but their chemical synthesis is very challenging. A new universal method has been devised to prepare these compounds by using a set of engineered marine‐derived enzymes and substrates obtained from a family of ribosomally produced and post‐translationally modified peptides called the cyanobactins. The substrate precursor peptide is engineered to have a non‐native protease cleavage site that can be rapidly cleaved. The other enzymes used are heterocyclases that convert Cys or Cys/Ser/Thr into their corresponding azolines. A macrocycle is formed using a macrocyclase enzyme, followed by oxidation of the azolines to azoles with a specific oxidase. The work is exemplified by the production of 17 macrocycles containing 6–9 residues representing 11 out of the 20 canonical amino acids.
Chiral transformations of <scp>D</scp>-ribose to 2-(β-<scp>D</scp>-ribofuranosyl)-<scp>L</scp> and <scp>D</scp>-glycine and an anhydroallose hemiacetal used in C-nucleoside synthesis (1983)

Conversion of D-ribose to the epimeric 3,6-anhydro-4,5,7-tri-O-benzyl-D-glycero-D-(allo and altro)-heptonamides (5) followed published methods. Mesylation of 5 allowed convenient separation of the 2-O-methanesulfonyl D-allo (6a) and D-altro (6b) diasteromers. Individual treatment of 6a and b with lithium azide in DMF provided the inverted 2-azido D-altro (7a) and D-allo (7b) products. Acid catalyzed hydrolysis of the amide funciton of 7a and b followed by catalytic hydrogenolysis of the benzyl protecting and azide groups gave the target glycosyl amino acids, 2-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-L-glycine (2-amino-3,6-anhydro-2-deoxy-D-glycero-D-altro-heptonic acid) (9a) and its D-glycine (D-allo) epimer (9).Deacylation of the known 2-(5-O-benzoyl-2,3-O-isopropylidene-β-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,3-diphenylimidazolidine (10a) followed by mild acid catalyzed deprotection of the masked aldehyde function of 10b gave 3,4-O-isopropylidene-2,5-anhydro-D-allose (11), a compound prepared previously in racemic form and used in C-nucleoside synthesis.
Ternary ReB6 emitters: A brief study (2016)

Binary rare-earth lanthanum hexaborides LaB6 and CeB6 have been successfully used in specialty electron guns, such as e-beam lithography systems, for over two decades. During this time, there were a few papers suggesting ternary compound crystal ReB6 may be a better emitter than binary crystals. We have started studying basic emissive properties of the ternary compound La <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Ce <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> B6.
Utilizing Dynamic Kinetic Resolution in Asymmetric Dihydroxylation (2017)

Key words dynamic kinetic resolution - Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation - osmium catalysis