gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Energy-efficient task scheduling algorithm for mobile terminal (2006)

Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) is one of the most effective methods to saving energy consumption for battery-operated embedded systems. In this paper, we propose a genetic optimization based task scheduling algorithm that minimizes energy consumption for the case when the task deadline times and execution cycles are given. We construct a general mathematical scaling model of the processor that can be varied either continuously or discretely. Based on this model, a task model and energy consumption model are also provided. According to these models, energy minimization is equivalent to select appropriate scaling coefficients for each task while meet their deadline constrains. A hybrid genetic algorithm, which involves very low computation cost, is introduced to determine the scaling coefficients. The scheduling algorithm is not restricted to scaling types of the processor, inter-task DVS or intra-task DVS, periodic or aperiodic tasks. Experimental results show that the algorithm can reach near 56% energy saving. (4 pages)
CHIRAL PHARMACEUTICALS (2001)

RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNewsNEXTCHIRAL PHARMACEUTICALSDrug firms continue to develop chiral drugs as single enantiomers, to carry out racemic switches, and to use chirality to manage drug life cyclesSTEPHEN C. STINSONView Author Information C&EN NORTHEAST NEWS BUREAUCite this: Chem. Eng. News 2001, 79, 40, 79–97Publication Date (Print):October 1, 2001Publication History Published online13 November 2010Published inissue 1 October 2001https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cen-v079n040.p079https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v079n040.p079newsACS PublicationsCopyright © 2001 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETYArticle Views81Altmetric-Citations124LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options SUBJECTS:Catalysts,Inhibitors,Peptides and proteins,Pharmaceuticals,Serum Get e-Alerts
Control of the estrous cycle to improve fertility for fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle: A review1 (2009)

Early estrus-synchronization protocols focused on regressing the corpus luteum (CL) with an injection of PGF(2alpha) followed by detection of estrus or involved the use of exogenous progestins that prevent estrus from occurring. Later, protocols combining the use of PGF(2alpha) and exogenous progestins were developed. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone was utilized to control follicular waves, synchronize ovulation, or to luteinize large dominant follicles. Our research aimed to develop reliable protocols that 1) relied solely on fixed-timed AI (TAI); 2) required a maximum of 3 animal handlings, and 3) were successful in estrous-cycling and noncycling females. In cows, insertion of an intravaginal progesterone insert during the 7-d interval between the initial GnRH and PGF(2alpha) injections enhanced pregnancy rates by 9 to 10%. In a multi-location study, a TAI protocol yielded pregnancy rates similar to a protocol involving detection of estrus plus a fixed-time clean-up AI for females not detected in estrus (54 vs. 58%, respectively, for cows and 53 vs. 57%, respectively, for heifers). Initiation of estrous cycles in noncycling cows is likely the primary manner in which beef producers may improve fertility in response to estrus synchronization and TAI protocols. Treatment of noncycling females with progesterone and GnRH increases the percentage of cycling females and improves fertility to a TAI, but inducing cyclicity with hCG failed to enhance fertility in TAI protocols. Supplementing progesterone after TAI failed to increase pregnancy rates in beef cattle. In contrast, administration of hCG 7 d after TAI induced an accessory CL, increased progesterone, and tended to enhance pregnancy rates. Development of TAI protocols that reduce the hassle factors associated with ovulation synchronization and AI provide cattle producers efficient and effective tools for capturing selective genetic traits of economic consequences. Location variables, however, which may include differences in pasture and diet, breed composition, body condition, postpartum interval, climate, and geographic location, affect the success of TAI protocols.
[The management of the treatment and diagnosis for the calcifying odontogenic cyst] (1996)

18 Patients with calcifying odontogenic cyst underwent surgery in our Department from 1977 to 1993 were reported.8 male and 10 female aged from 11 to 52 with medium or 33 years were included.16 cases were pathologically confirmed as primary intraosseous cyst(central),and 2 as extraosseous cyst(peripheral).There was no recurrence after the local excision for preripheral calcifying odontogenic cyst and local curettage for central one.There were 3 in 6 cases of tumor typed cyst who had recurred postoperatively,two of them had recurred repeatedly and cured by means of local radiotherapy.The authors recommend that the tumor type of intraosseous calcifying odontogenic cyst be classified as a border-line tumor and treated as well as the principles of low malignant tumor.Post-operative radiotherapy could be used for recurrent cases.
Preliminary guidelines for the use of tree shelters to regenerate northern red oak and other hardwood species on good to excellent growing sites (1995)

Regenerating northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) on good to excellent growing sites is a serious problem for forest managers throughout the eastern and central United States.
Unconventional High Aspect Ratio Joined-Wing Aircraft Incorporating Laminar Flow (2003)

Unmanned SensorCraft air vehicles have been proposed as the air-breathing component of a future intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) infrastructure to provide revolutionary capabilities. Such craft must take advantage of high aspect ratio (AR) wings for aerodynamic efficiency, and may also be required to enclose an antenna in a diamond aircraft planform. A large proportion of fuel must be carried, and loiter is at high altitudes for a few days in each flight. This implies that a wide CL–altitude capability is required. Several types of high AR joined-wing aircraft configurations can be envisaged to meet the possible flight envelope. Previous studies have considered configurations with aft- and forward- swept tips using conventional thick super-critical aerofoil sections. Implications of typical flight envelopes on wing design aspects have been mentioned. This paper extends the design and analysis to explore the use of laminar flow sections. Using panel codes, results are presented here for configurations with simple uncambered wing sections and then for configurations with designed camber and twist, trimmed for neutral stability. The designed wings display a considerable reduction in leading edge suction, yet maintain the lift, drag and near-elliptic wing loading characteristics. Results of an inverse design application are shown here, and further work is proposed in several areas.
A pilot evaluation of the effect of defibrotide in patients affected by peripheral arterial occlusive disease. (1988)

This was a random double-blind study versus placebo designed to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of defibrotide in patients with chronic peripheral vascular disease (PVD), Leriche stage II. A total of 20 male outpatients (mean age 58.8 years) were selected and treated with placebo for 2 weeks (run-in period), and then allocated randomly to treatment with defibrotide (200 mg/day, intramuscular, n = 10) or matched placebo (n = 10) for 90 days. Before intake and at 15, 30, 60, and 90 days of treatment, each patient received a Doppler ultrasound examination of the lower limbs, and the residual perfusion index (Winsor) was calculated at rest and immediately after a symptom-limited treadmill test. Absolute walking distance was measured in addition. Blood samples were taken for routine laboratory tests before intake and at 30 and 90 days of treatment. All patients completed the trial without adverse effects; no meaningful alterations of laboratory test returns were detected. Patients receiving defibrotide showed a significant increase of the Winsor index after exercise at 90 days versus basal (mean 0.47 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.43 +/- 0.05, p less than 0.05), and a parallel increase of walking distance (basal 288 +/- 42.3 m vs. 368 +/- 46.6 at 60 days, p less than 0.05, and 407 +/- 64.3 m at 90 days, p less than 0.01). No improvement was seen in the placebo group. These preliminary results suggest that defibrotide may prove beneficial to patients with PVD; further studies are needed to find the most appropriate dosage regime.
[Methicillin resistant Staphyloccus aureus infection: a case report and literature review]. (2009)

A case of healthcare-acquired MRSA infection was identified, but the isolates also showed some characteristics of MRSA of the community origin.
Secure Key Exchange and Encryption Mechanism for Ad Hoc Networks (2009)

Secured communication in ad hoc wireless networks is primarily important, because the communication signals are openly available as they propagate through air. The lack of any central coordination and shared wireless medium makes them more vulnerable to attacks than wired networks. As nodes in ad hoc network join or leave dynamically, the efficient key management and encryption mechanism is required to assure confidentiality, integrity and authentication of application data. The objective of this paper is to propose a key exchange and encryption mechanism where nodes are organized in spanning tree fashion and exchange of key occurs only with authenticated neighbors in ad hoc networks. The proposed method aims to use the MAC address as an additional parameter to encrypt as the message specific key to forward data among the nodes.
Redistribution of aquaporin-2 water channels induced by vasopressin in rat kidney inner medullary collecting duct (1995)

Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) is the predominant vasopressin-regulated water channel of the renal collecting duct. We tested whether vasopressin induces translocation of AQP2 from intracellular vesicles into the apical plasma membrane. AQP2 was quantitated in plasma membrane and intracellular vesicle fractions prepared from the inner medulla of one kidney from each rat before or 20 min after intravenous 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) treatment, using immunoblotting and densitometry. Contralateral kidneys were prepared for immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Immunoblotting revealed that, compared with untreated controls, DDAVP treatment significantly increased the fraction of AQP2 protein associated with the plasma membrane fraction relative to intracellular vesicles. This increase averaged 2.0-fold in untreated rats and 2.9-fold in rats water loaded for 12 h. Water loading, presumably by suppressing circulating vasopressin levels, decreased the fraction of AQP2 associated with the plasma membrane by 55%, suggesting retrieval of AQP2 from the plasma membrane. In rats sequentially thirsted for 48 h to increase expression and then water loaded for 72 h to minimize plasma membrane labeling, DDAVP caused a 12-fold increase in the plasma membrane to intracellular vesicle labeling ratio. The accentuation of the DDAVP response seen after water loading is consistent with the observed increase in the fraction of AQP2 in the intracellular pool available for insertion. Immunofluorescence confirmed a marked DDAVP-induced redistribution of AQP2 from intracellular to plasma membrane domains. Furthermore, quantitative immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated a 3.4-fold increase in apical plasma membrane to intracellular vesicle labeling ratio. These results provide a direct in vivo demonstration of vasopressin-induced translocation of AQP2 into the apical plasma membrane.
Evaluation of the ion bombardment energy for growing diamondlike carbon films in an electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (1998)

The amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) films were deposited on (100) silicon substrates using a divergent Ar+CH4 electron cyclotron resonance plasma. During the deposition sequence, the rf bias was applied to the substrate to increase the ion bombardment energy. The results of the microhardness test and the Raman spectroscopy revealed that these films showed abrupt changes in the mechanical properties and in the bonding characteristics from polymerlike to diamondlike when the rf substrate bias (Vsub) was increased to −40 V. Such changes were attributed to the structural and compositional modifications of the growing film by the bombarding ions. In addition, the results of the plasma diagnostics and calculation showed that the required ion energy for growing a hard diamondlike carbon film was about 65 eV or higher. The bombardment by high energetic ions caused the a-C:H film to have diamondlike properties with a strong three-dimensional carbon network by dislodging hydrogen atoms from CH3 radicals on the growing surface, as was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
Assessment of variability in twenty-four lines of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) (2013)

Variability, heritability and genetic advance were studied in twenty-four lines of blackgram for seven quantitative traits. The analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes for all the traits under study. Replication item was significant for all the traits except LA50%F and NS/P. Interaction (L×R) was significant for NSBFF, NL50%F, LA50%F, NS/P and RL50%F. The phenotypic variation ( 2 p) was greater than those of 2 L, 2 LR and 2 w components of variation for all the traits. The highest phenotypic and genotypic variations were observed for LA50%F followed by NN50%. It is also noticed that phenotypic coefficients of variability (PCV) in general, were higher than the estimates of genotypic coefficients of variability (GCV) for all the traits. The traits viz., LA50%F and NN50% showed high GCV estimates whereas; NN50%, NSBFF, LA50%F, and NL50%F exhibited high PCV. The heritability, genetic advance (GA) and genetic advance as percentage of mean (GAM %) were found to be low.
Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficients of Nanofluids Using Carbon Nanotubes (2009)

In this study, boiling heat transfer coefficients(HTCs) and critical heat flux(CHF) are measured on a smooth square flat copper heater in a pool of pure water with and without carbon nano tubes(CNTs) dispersed at . Tested aqueous nanofluids are prepared using multi-walled CNTs whose volume concentrations are 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.05%. For dispersion of CNTs, polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) is used in distilled water. Pool boiling HTCs are taken from to critical heat flux for all nanofluids. Test results show that the pool boiling HTCs of the nanofluids are lower than those of pure water in entire nucleate boiling regime. On the other hand, critical heat flux is enhanced greatly showing up to 200% increase at volume concentration of 0.001% CNTs as compared to that of pure water. This is related to the change of surface characteristics by the deposition of CNTs. This deposition makes a thin CNT layer on the surface and the active nucleation sites of heat transfer surface are decreased due to this layer. The thin layer acts as the thermal resistance and also decreases the bubble generation rate resulting in a decrease in pool boiling HTCs. The same layer, however, maintains the nucleate boiling even at very high heat fluxes and reduces the formation of large vapor canopy at near CHF resulting in a significant increase in CHF.
Threshold validity for mutual neighborhood clustering (1993)

Clustering algorithms have the annoying characteristic of finding clusters in random data. A theoretical analysis of the threshold of the mutual neighborhood clustering algorithm (MNCA) under the hypothesis of random data is presented. This yields a theoretical minimum value of this threshold below which even unclustered data are broken into separate clusters. To derive the threshold, a theorem about mutual near neighbors in a Poisson process is stated and proved. Simple experiments demonstrate the usefulness of the theoretical thresholds.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Superposition of DQPSK Over Inverse-RZ for 3-bit/Symbol Modulation–Demodulation (2004)

We successfully demonstrated overwriting of differential quadrature phase-shift keying (DQPSK) on inverse return-to-zero (RZ) pulses for simple 3-bit/symbol operation at a 10-Gb/s symbol rate (30-Gb/s bit rate). We adopted cross-gain modulation (XGM) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) for inverse-RZ generation, which allows both low and high levels of RZ optical signal to have a finite pulse energy in a bit time slot. We verified a wide tolerance of 20% of the bit-slot for time slot alignment between amplitude-shift keying and differential phase-shift keying modulation in the proposed scheme. We also demonstrated wide dynamic range characteristics at the extinction ratio for both 2- and 3-bit/symbol operation, compared to the conventional scheme. The proposed scheme allows a cross-modulation penalty, due to the intensity to phase modulation, of less than 1.5 dB in 2-bit/symbol and less than 5 dB in 3-bit/symbol operation.
Structure, organization, and function of glycosphingolipids in membrane (2003)

A large variety of glycosylation patterns in combination with different ceramide structures in glycosphingolipids provide a basis for cell type-specific glycosphingolipid pattern in membrane, which essentially reflects the composition of glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains. Functions of glycosphingolipids as antigens, mediators of cell adhesion, and modulators of signal transduction are all based on such organization. Of particular importance is the assembly of glycosphingolipids with signal transducers and other membrane proteins to form a functional unit termed a, through which glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion coupled with signal transduction takes place. The microenvironment formed by interfacing glycosynapses of interacting cells plays a central role in defining phenotypic changes after cell adhesion, as occur in ontogenic development and cancer progression. These basic functional features of glycosphingolipids in membrane can also be considered roles of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides characteristic of neutrophils, myelocytes, and other blood cells. A series of sialyl fucosyl poly-N-acetylgalactosamine gangliosides without the sialyl-Le epitope, collectively termed, have been shown to mediate E-selectin-dependent rolling and tethering under dynamic flow with physiologic shear stress conditions. Functional roles of myeloglycan in neutrophils during inflammatory processes are discussed.
Dual-pilot tone calibration technique (1986)

Pilot-based calibration techniques are used to reduce the effects of multipath fading in mobile satellite receivers. One of the more recent of these techniques, namely the tone calibration technique (TCT), suggests transmitting double sideband modulation with the pilot tone located at the center of its spectrum where the amplitude and phase characteristics of the channel are most stable. To "make room" for the pilot in the presence of the Doppler shift, the equivalent low-pass data sidebands must be shaped so as to have zero response in the neighborhood of dc. Other techniques such as transparent tone-in-band (TTIB) similarly "notch out" a hole in the center of the data spectrum for location of the pilot. An alternate possibility which is at the same time much more bandwidth efficient than TCT is a dual-pilot tone calibration technique (DPTCT) that symmetrically locates a pair of pilots outside the data spectrum near the band edges of the channel. The operation and performance of DPTCT are analyzed, and its effectiveness is compared to that of the single tone TCT technique.
Adenosine--an endogenous neuroprotective metabolite and neuromodulator. (1994)

Adenosine is now widely accepted as the major inhibitory neuromodulator in the central nervous system besides GABA. It has been suggested to be an endogenous neuroprotective metabolite. In situations of metabolic stress, e.g. ischemia adenosine decreases energy demand and increases energy supply. Of particular relevance in this context is its modulation of glutamate release. A shift of this adenosine-glutamate balance in favor of adenosine helps to restore function at the cellular, organ and organism level. Adenosine A1 receptor agonists and metabolic inhibitors, e.g. of transport, deaminase and xanthine oxidase have been demonstrated to be effective in different animal models of ischemia. Nimodipine, a L-type channel calcium antagonist currently in clinical trials for stroke and dementia syndromes, has now been shown to be a potent adenosine transport inhibitor in clinically relevant concentrations. Increase of adenosinergic neuromodulation may well be one of several future therapeutic strategies in neuroprotection.
Traffic congestion, driver stress, and driver aggression (1999)

Drivers were interviewed over cellular telephones in high- and low-congestion conditions during a single commute. During each interview, state measures of driver stress and driver behaviors were obtained. Behavior responses were subdivided into six categories: aggressive, information seeking, planning, minor self-destructive, distraction, and relaxation techniques. Both state driver stress and aggression were greater in high- than in low-congestion conditions. No other behavior category differed between low and high congestion. Multiple regressions were calculated to determine the predictors of state driver stress. In low congestion, time urgency predicted state driver stress, while aggression predicted driver stress in high congestion. In both conditions, a trait susceptibility toward viewing driving as generally stressful was predictive of state driver stress levels, which further strengthens the use of the Driving Behaviour Inventory—General as a predictor of “trait” driver stress. Females and males did not differentiate on state stress or any behavior category. Aggr. Behav. 25:409–423, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Space Bandwidth Requirements for Three-Dimensional Imagery (1971)

Four different methods for storing a three-dimensional image are examined. The efficiency of each method, expressed in terms of the space-bandwidth product of the stored data, is calculated.