gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional sound localization from a compact non-coplanar array of microphones using tree-based learning (2001)

One of the various human sensory capabilities is to identify the direction of perceived sounds. The goal of this work is to study sound source localization in three dimensions using some of the most important cues the human uses. In an attempt to satisfy the requirements of portability and miniaturization in robotics, this approach employs a compact sensor structure that can be placed on a mobile platform. The objective is to estimate the relative sound source position in three-dimensional space without imposing excessive restrictions on its spatio-temporal characteristics and the environment structure. Two types of features are considered, interaural time and level differences. Their relative effectiveness for localization is studied, as well as a practical way of using these complementary parameters. A two-stage procedure was used. In the training stage, sound samples are produced from points with known coordinates and then are stored. In the recognition stage, unknown sounds are processed by the trained system to estimate the 3D location of the sound source. Results from the experiments showed under +/-3 degrees in average angular error and less than +/-20% in average radial distance error.
Relationship between osteoarthritis of knee and menopause. (1999)

There is a definite early peaking of the incidence of OA of knees in women in the fifth decade of life as compared to males. There is an association between OA of knees and menopause and we suggest correlating it with the levels of sex hormones.
Biotechnology in the Treatment of Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Foundations and Future of Hair Cell Regeneration (2011)

Incredible strides have been made in assembling important pieces of the puzzle that comprise hair cell regeneration. However, mammalian hair cell regeneration using stem cell and gene therapy are years--if not decades--away from being clinically feasible. If the goals of the biological approaches are met, these therapies may represent future treatments for hearing loss.
Neuroendocrine cells (2011)

Comment on: Park KS, et al. Cell Cycle 2011; 10:2806-15.
Continuous Coulometric Determination of Parts per Million of Moisture in Organic Liquids (1959)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTContinuous Coulometric Determination of Parts per Million of Moisture in Organic LiquidsL. G. Cole, Michael. Czuha, R. W. Mosley, and D. T. SawyerCite this: Anal. Chem. 1959, 31, 12, 2048–2050Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1959Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1959https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60156a051Request reuse permissionsArticle Views66Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Harvesting Ocean Wave Energy (2009)

Why does water in porous carbon generate electricity? Electrokinetic role of protons in a water droplet-induced hydrovoltaic system of hydrophilic porous carbon,
Periostin as a Biomarker of the Amniotic Membrane (2012)

Tracing the precise developmental origin of amnion and amnion-derived stem cells is still challenging and depends chiefly on analyzing powerful genetic model amniotes like mouse. Profound understanding of the fundamental differences in amnion development in both the disc-shaped primate and human embryo and the cup-shaped mouse embryo is pivotal in particular when sampling amniotic membrane from nonprimate species for isolating candidate amniotic stem cells. The availability of molecular marker genes that are specifically expressed in the amniotic membrane and not in other extraembryonic membranes would be instrumental to validate unequivocally the starting material under investigation. So far such amniotic markers have not been reported. We postulated that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) target genes are putative amniotic membrane markers mainly because deficiency in one of several components of the BMP signaling cascade in mice has been documented to result in defective development of the early amnion. Comparative gene expression analysis of acknowledged target genes for BMP in different extraembryonic tissues, combined with in situ hybridization, identified Periostin (Postn) mRNA enrichment in amnion throughout gestation. In addition, we identify and propose a combination of markers as transcriptional signature for the different extraembryonic tissues in mouse.
Real-Time Scheduling for WirelessHART Networks (2010)

WirelessHART is an open wireless sensor-actuator network standard for industrial process monitoring and control that requires real-time data communication between sensor and actuator devices. Salient features of a WirelessHART network include a centralized network management architecture, multi-channel TDMA transmission, redundant routes, and avoidance of spatial reuse of channels for enhanced reliability and real-time performance. This paper makes several key contributions to real-time transmission scheduling in WirelessHART networks: (1) formulation of the end-to-end real-time transmission scheduling problem based on the characteristics of WirelessHART, (2) proof of NP-hardness of the problem, (3) an optimal branch-and-bound scheduling algorithm based on a necessary condition for schedulability, and (4) an efficient and practical heuristic-based scheduling algorithm called Conflict-aware Least Laxity First (C-LLF). Extensive simulations based on both random topologies and real network topologies of a physical testbed demonstrate that C-LLF is highly effective in meeting end-to-end deadlines in WirelessHART networks, and significantly outperforms common real-time scheduling policies.
A robust method for detecting and counting people (2008)

Estimating the number of people passing a gate or a door provides useful information for video-based surveillance and monitoring applications. This paper describes a robust method for bi-directional people counting. The method includes three steps: moving people detecting, tracking and counting. A new algorithm of detecting for moving people based on edge detection is proposed. We construct a Foreground/Background Edge Model (FBEM) from serials of frames, and retrieve the foreground edge, thus the moving people’s bounding box is obtained. Two effective methods are used for moving people tracking with the results in previous step. Besides, the counting process is described in detail, and merge/split phenomenon is also discussed to overcome the problem of people touching together. The experiment results show that a robust and high accuracy of bi-directional counting can be achieved using the method in this paper.
On adaptive vision feedback control of robotic manipulators (2002)

An adaptive vision feedback control system for a manipulator for grasping a moving object is described. The pose (position and orientation) of the object is determined from camera images and its time history is described by an AR (autoregressive) model. Because of the inherent delay caused by the image processing unit, the object pose is predicted for the controller using the AR model. An adaptive controller is designed using the discrete-time Lyapunov theory. The error which is defined in the joint space as the difference between the pose of the end-effector of the manipulator and the predicted pose of the object is shown to approach zero asymptotically by the second method of Lyapunov. The construction of the controller also gives an updating scheme for estimating unknown constant parameters of the manipulator model.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Underwater Tracking of Humpback Whales (Megaptera Novaeangliae) With High-Frequency Pingers and Acoustic Recording Tags (2010)

A long-baseline (LBL) acoustic system has been developed for the tracking of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) that have been tagged with digital acoustic recording devices (DTAGs), providing quantitative observations of submerged whale behavior during bubble net feeding. The system includes three high-frequency acoustic sources deployed from small boats that follow the whale after the animal has been tagged. Integrated global positioning systems (GPSs) provide positioning and synchronized operation of the sources. Time-encoded acoustic signals from the sources are recorded along with whale vocalizations and ambient noise on the whale tag. Time-of-flight measurements, as measured by the tag acoustic data, are converted to range from the whale to each source with a measured sound-speed profile. A nonlinear least squares solution is then solved for the whale's position with a nominal positional fix rate of once per second. The system is demonstrated with data collected from a tagged animal in summer 2007. Dead-reckoned track generation methods commonly used in previous studies are shown to capture the qualitative nature of the whale track, albeit with poor absolute positional accuracy, and to distort the track when the whale's movement is predominantly vertical. In contrast, the LBL data can provide quantitative measures of whale behavior. Transit speeds between bubble net feeding events for this case study are found to range from 0.7 to 1.9 m <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\,\cdot\,$</tex> </formula> s <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{-1}$</tex> </formula> <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$({n}=8)$</tex> </formula> . The mean diameter of bubble net curtains are measured to range from 9.6 to 10.9 m. Whale speeds during bubble net rotations vary from 1.0 to 1.9 m <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\,\cdot\,$</tex> </formula> s <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$^{-1}$</tex> </formula> <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$({n}=6)$</tex> </formula> .
General blind watermark schemes (2002)

Digital watermarking is an active research area that has received a considerable attention in multimedia applications. For most watermark applications, it is often desired to retrieve the embedded information without access to the host data, which is known as blind watermark. Most previous blind watermark schemes either suffer significantly from host data interference or require expense of storage. Therefore, a simple and effective blind watermark scheme is needed urgently. In this paper, we attempt to resolve the problems. Here, we present two general blind watermark schemes, based on the lattice principle and property of periodic function, respectively. By using these schemes, the host data interference is eliminated entirely and only a little storage cost is needed. Thus, they have considerable advantages over previously proposed schemes.
A study of the fatty acid and tocochromanol patterns of some Fabaceae (Leguminosae) plants from Turkey I (2004)

In this study, the fatty acid, tocopherol, tocotrienol and plastochromanol-8 contents of some selected Fabaceae (Leguminosae) species belonging to different genera (Colutea, Vicia, Lathyrus, Gonocytisus, Lupinus, Hedysarum, Onobrychis, Trigonella) from Turkey were determined by using GLC and HPLC techniques. Some of the studied species are endemic to Turkey. The seed oils of different Leguminous taxa contained linoleic, oleic and linolenic acids as their major components. The ratios of these fatty acids in the Leguminous genera were found to be highly variable. Palmitic and stearic acids are the major saturated fatty acids in the seed oils. Vicia and Onobrychis patterns showed high similarity in means of qualitative fatty acid concentration. The tocopherol and tocochromanol patterns of the seed oils were also found to be highly variable among the genera investigated here. The total tocopherols was higher than the total tocotrienols. Alpha and gamma tocopherols were also the highest tocopherols present in the whole species. Beta, gamma and delta-tocotrienols were not found in most of the studied leguminous patterns. The results are discussed in view of renewable sources and chemotaxonomy.
Robust and adaptive wastegate control of turbocharged internal combustion engines (2014)

This work deals with advanced control methods for marine turbocharged internal combustion diesel engines (ICDE) equipped with a wastegate. Two fundamentally different approaches are proposed for a wastegate control — robust multivariable mixed-sensitivity and indirect output-based adaptive control. Robust multivariable controller design is rather common approach for internal combustion engines control that can be found from many papers, whilst indirect adaptive control is still novel in this area. This paper aims to determine the benefits and drawbacks of these control algorithms in their application for a wastegate control. A nonlinear model of diesel engine is derived and linearized for a control design. Both algorithms are then described, modeled and applied to this model.
A digital phase and frequency-sensitive detector (1971)

A description is given of a novel digital phase and frequency-sensitive detector suitable for use in phase-locked loops operating over several octaves in frequency. When the loop is in balance neither the carrier nor its harmonics appear at the output of the detector. The error signal is large and independent of frequency difference when out of phase lock. The performance of the detector in a phase-locked loop operating over two decades of frequency is illustrated.
Genetically encoded intracellular sensors based on fluorescent proteins (2007)

Green fluorescent protein from Aequorea victoria and its many homologs are now widely used in basic and applied research. These genetically encoded fluorescent markers can detect localization of cell proteins and organelles in living cells and also cells and tissues in living organisms. Unique instruments and methods for studies of molecular biology of a cell and high throughput drug screenings are based on fluorescent proteins. This review deals with the most intensively evolving directions in this field, the development of genetically encoded sensors. Changes in their spectral properties are used for monitoring of cell enzyme activities or changes in concentrations of particular molecules.
How Can I Remove The Ring Left On My Furniture From My Daughter's Drink Container? (2002)

EoE appears to be a rare but important adverse event that can occur even years after OIT. Validated questionnaires to screen EoE before the OIT and in the follow-up of these patients may be the main tool for an early diagnosis.
La regulación de la convivencia estable en pareja en el Libro II del Código Civil de Cataluña (2011)

El nuevo Libro II del Codigo Civil de Cataluna, relativo a la persona y a la familia, aprobado por ley 25/2010, deroga la Ley catalana de Uniones Estables de Pareja de 1998 y establece una regulacion de la convivencia estable de pareja mas adecuada a las necesidades practicas y a las ultimas modificaciones el Codigo Civil en materia de derecho a contraer matrimonio. De una parte, opta por no equiparar la pareja estable al matrimonio a los efectos de la regulacion de la convivencia, que deja en manos de los convivientes, aunque con alguna excepcion concreta como la relativa a la disposicion de la vivienda familiar, y a regular, en cambio, de forma mas detallada que la ley derogada las soluciones en caso de extincion de la pareja por crisis de la convivencia y por causa de muerte, adoptando en muchas ocasiones soluciones identicas a las establecidas para el matrimonio y utilizando sistematicamente el recurso de las remisiones a la normativa matrimonial. Con todo, se disponen algunas especialidades en torno a las medidas relativas a la atribucion o distribucion de la vivienda familiar y a la prestacion alimenticia del conyuge.
Combotherapy and current concepts as well as future strategies for the treatment of Alzheimer&#39;s disease (2014)

It has been estimated that 35.6 million people globally had dementia in 2010 and the prevalence of dementia has been predicted to double every 20 years. Thus, 115.4 million people may be living with dementia in 2050. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and is present in 60%-70% of people with dementia. Unfortunately, there are few approved drugs that can alleviate the cognitive or behavioral symptoms of AD dementia. Recent studies have revealed that pathophysiological changes related to AD occur decades before the appearance of clinical symptoms of dementia. This extended preclinical phase of AD provides a critical chance for disease-modifying agents to halt or delay the relentless process of AD. Although several trials targeting various pathological processes are ongoing, the examination of the combined use of different approaches to combat AD seems warranted. In this article, we will review current therapies, future strategies, and ongoing clinical trials for the treatment of AD with a special focus on combination therapies. Furthermore, preventive strategies for cognitively normal subjects in the presymptomatic stages of AD will also be addressed. In this review, we discuss current hypotheses of the disease process. In the decades since the approval of cholinesterase inhibitors, no new drug has ultimately demonstrated clear success in clinical trials. Given the difficulties that have been encountered in attempts to identify a single drug that can treat AD, we must pursue effective multi-target strategies, ie, combination therapies. The combination of cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine is considered well tolerated and safe, and this combination benefits patients with moderate-to-severe AD. In contrast, with the exception of adjuvant therapies of conventional drugs, combinations of different disease-modifying agents with different mechanisms may have promising synergic effects and benefit cognition, behavior, and daily living function.
Therapy of pediatric genital diseases (2004)

Infants and children have special issues with regard to genital disease. Infants are incontinent, and have an increase in local irritation and infection risk. In addition, the adult sex hormones which enhance the health of genital skin are deficient. Also, the choice of therapy must be modified to take into account the more fragile nature of prepubertal skin, the tolerance of children to painful treatments, and the lack of experience of some medications in children.
Gallium Nitrate (1992)

Gallium nitrate is effective in the treatment of hypercalcemia associated with malignancy and is appropriate for formulary addition. In certain clinical situations, it may be clearly advantageous over such agents as calcitonin, plicamycin, and etidronate. Further investigation is needed to define the limitations of nephrotoxicity and the therapeutic potential for other indications. Further comparative clinical trials of gallium nitrate versus bisphosphonates and plicamycin could also help define its relative clinical benefit.
Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvents As Hydrolytic Media for Cellulose Nanocrystal Production (2016)

In this study, a new method to fabricate cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) based on DES pretreatment of wood cellulose fibers with choline chloride and organic acids are reported. Oxalic acid (anhydrous and dihydrate), p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, and levulinic acid were studied as acid components of DESs. DESs were formed at elevated temperatures (60-100 °C) by combining choline chloride with organic acids and were then used to hydrolyze less ordered amorphous regions of cellulose. All the DES treatments resulted in degradation of wood fibers into microsized fibers and after mechanically disintegrating, CNCs were successfully obtained from choline chloride/oxalic acid dihydrate-treated fibers, whereas no liberation of CNCs was observed with other DESs. The DES-produced CNCs had a width and length of 9-17 and 310-410 nm, respectively. The crystallinity indexes (CrIs) and carboxylic acid content of the CNCs were 66-71% and 0.20-0.28 mmol/g, respectively. CNCs exhibited good thermal stabilities (the onset thermal degradation temperatures ranged from 275-293 °C). The demonstrated acidic DES method exhibits certain advantages over previously reported CNC productions, namely, milder processing conditions and easily obtainable and relatively inexpensive biodegradable solvents with low toxicity (compared, e.g., to ILs).
Return of sulfenes (1975)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTReturn of sulfenesJames Frederick KingCite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1975, 8, 1, 10–17Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1975Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1975https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ar50085a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ar50085a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views989Altmetric-Citations116LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts