gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Rapid Detection of Serum Antibody by Dual-Path Platform VetTB Assay in White-Tailed Deer Infected with Mycobacterium bovis (2013)

Bovine tuberculosis (TB) in cervids remains a significant problem affecting farmed herds and wild populations. Traditional skin testing has serious limitations in certain species, whereas emerging serological assays showed promising diagnostic performance. The recently developed immunochromatographic dual-path platform (DPP) VetTB assay has two antigen bands, T1 (MPB83 protein) and T2 (CFP10/ESAT-6 fusion protein), for antibody detection. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of this test by using serum samples collected from groups of white-tailed deer experimentally inoculated with Mycobacterium bovis, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, or M. bovis BCG Pasteur. In addition, we used serum samples from farmed white-tailed deer in herds with no history of TB, as well as from free-ranging white-tailed deer culled during field surveillance studies performed in Michigan known to have bovine TB in the wild deer population. The DPP VetTB assay detected antibody responses in 58.1% of experimentally infected animals within 8 to 16 weeks postinoculation and in 71.9% of naturally infected deer, resulting in an estimated test sensitivity of 65.1% and a specificity of 97.8%. The higher seroreactivity found in deer with naturally acquired M. bovis infection was associated with an increased frequency of antibody responses to the ESAT-6 and CFP10 proteins, resulting in a greater contribution of these antigens, in addition to MPB83, to the detection of seropositive animals, compared with experimental M. bovis infection. Deer experimentally inoculated with either M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis or M. bovis BCG Pasteur did not produce cross-reactive antibodies that could be detected by the DPP VetTB assay. The present findings demonstrate the relatively high diagnostic accuracy of the DPP VetTB test for white-tailed deer, especially in the detection of naturally infected animals.
Evaluation of a High Volume Aerosol Concentrator (2002)

A virtual impactor sampler, which is designed to concentrate aerosols from a 1000 L/min ambient air sample into a 1 L/min exhaust airflow stream, was tested with near monodisperse aerosols in aerosol wind tunnels to characterize sampling performance. New methodology is introduced to correct results for the presence of doublet and satellite aerosol particles that can be present in the particle size distribution from a vibrating jet atomizer. Aerosol penetration from the free stream near the sampler inlet to the outlet of the device has a peak value of 78% at a particle size of 3.9 w m AD. Sampling effectiveness, which is the mean penetration over the size range of 2.5 to 10 w m AD, is 48%. There are 4 virtual impaction stages in the sampler, and examination of the regional losses shows that most of the aerosol deposition occurs on surfaces of the last 2 stages. The ideal power expenditure of the sampler (excluding electrical and frictional losses in the motor and bearing losses in the blower) is 58 watts as compared to the actual power consumption of 320 watts.
The Effect of Ti Addition on Phase Equilibria among Ni (A1), Ni<sub>3</sub>Al (L1<sub>2</sub>) and Ni<sub>3</sub>V (D0<sub>22</sub>) Phases (2010)

The effect of Ti addition on phase equilibria among Ni (A1), Ni3Al (L12) and Ni3V (D022) phases at 950 °C was investigated through TEM/EDS analysis on heat-treated alloys. The three-phase coexisting region of A1 + L12 + D022 was found to exist around the composition of Ni-4Al-19V (at. %) in the Ni-Al-V ternary system. With addition of Ti to the ternary system the three-phase coexisting region was shifted to the Ni-rich side. Ti partitioned most into the L12 phase and least into the A1 phase. These results suggest that the addition of Ti stabilizes the L12 and D022 phases against A1 phase, and raises the temperature of eutectoid reaction in the Ni3Al-Ni3V pseudo-binary system: A1 → L12 + D022.
Toxins in the freshwater cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanophyceae) isolated from Tabocas reservoir in Caruaru, Brazil, including demonstration of a new saxitoxin analogue (2002)

Cyanobacteria can produce biotoxins that are significant hazards to humans. After the intoxication incident in 1996 at the city of Caruaru, Brazil, a phytoplankton-monitoring programme was established at its main water supply, the Tabocas reservoir. Data obtained during 1997 and 1998 revealed the dominant species at Tabocas to be Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, which was responsible for a massive bloom observed in July–October 1998. Laboratory cultures of isolate ITEP-018 demonstrated highly toxic properties, mice inoculated with this strain exhibited the same symptoms as those of paralytic shellfish poisoning, with an acute lethal effect of 9.3 mouse units mg−1 of dry cells. Several saxitoxin analogues were identified in these cultures, specifically saxitoxin (3.3 mol% total toxin content), gonyautoxin 6 (6.4 mol%), decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (8.5 mol%), neosaxitoxin (17.1 mol%), and a new saxitoxin analogue, which proved to be the major product of the Tabocas strain, accounting for 64.6 mol% of the toxin present in the sample analysed. Additionally, decarbamoylneo-saxitoxin was detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii strain ITEP-018 thus produces at least five saxitoxin analogues, including the most toxic ones as assessed by mouse bioassay.
A Short nuclear primer (2010)

The 2010 UNLV Clean Energy Forum will take place on the UNLV campus September 8th. The event focuses on clean energy production in Nevada, the US Southwest, and clean research projects nationwide. Subject matter will focus on financing, national policy, current technologies, and nuclear energy.
Dameshek Smiles: Molecular Clues to the Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders Unmasked (2007)

The classic chronic myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and idiopathic myelofibrosis (MF) have been historically grouped together because of their overlapping clinical phenotypes. The recent discovery of a single acquired point mutation (V617F) in the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) gene in most patients with PV and about half of ET and MF patients provides a new starting point for exploring the genetic and biologic mechanisms of disease pathogenesis in these related disorders. This chapter highlights the different roads of discovery to the JAK2 V617F mutation, both in vitro and in vivo experimental data relevant to the mutant JAK2 tyrosine kinase, and new questions raised by the discovery.
Precautions with Classical Absorption (1970)

When using ultrasonic absorption to study molecular relaxation processes in gases, it has been the practice of our group and many other investigators to assume that the dependence of classical absorption on the frequency/pressure ratio is given (αλ)c1 = kf/ρV2, where k is a proportionality constant, f is the frequency, ρ is the density, and V is the velocity of sound. This assumption neglects the frequency dependence of the absorption due to thermal conductivity and results in a classical absorption that is too low at high f/p. This assumption can lead to serious error whenever classical absorption is an appreciable fraction of the total absorption.
Cloning of the <i>Lactococcus lactis adhE</i> Gene, Encoding a Multifunctional Alcohol Dehydrogenase, by Complementation of a Fermentative Mutant of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1998)

The Lactococcus lactis adhE gene, which encodes a multifunctional alcohol dehydrogenase, has been cloned and characterized. A DNA fragment encoding the putative alcohol dehydrogenase domain of the AdhE protein was cloned by screening an L. lactis genomic library in a fermentative mutant of Escherichia coli and selecting for the ability to grow anaerobically. Further analysis of the clone obtained allowed the cloning of the entire adhE gene sequence. Analysis of adhE expression in L. lactis during anaerobiosis showed induction at the transcriptional level, especially in medium containing glucose. Constructed mutant strains produced reduced amounts of ethanol under anaerobic conditions. With the L. lactis gene as a probe, adhE homologs were found in other industrially relevant lactic acid bacteria.
Rapid Prototyping: Principles and Applications in Manufacturing (2000)

From the Publisher:
This introduction to the fundamental theory and applications in rapid prototyping traces the development of rapid prototyping in manufacturing technologies and thoroughly explains each rapid prototyping technique. It discusses such important issues as STL file problems and surface finish in RP parts. It also features industrial case studies and complete coverage of major vendors of rapid prototyping systems.
THE INERT GAS-MOLECULAR RADICAL VAN DER WAALS COMPLEXES X-$CdCH_{3}$ (X = He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe) LINEAR OR BENT? (1992)

Author Institution: Laser Spectroscopy Facility, The Ohio State University; Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester; Laser Spectroscopy Facility, The Ohio State University
Preparation and Characterization of a Hormone-responsive Renal Plasma Membrane Fraction (1972)

Abstract A renal plasma membrane fraction has been prepared by homogenization and differential centrifugation in an isotonic sucrose solution in 10 mm Tris, pH 7.5, and 1 mm ethylenediaminetetraacetate. Sedimentation in a continuous sucrose density gradient yielded a fraction that showed a striking decrease in specific activity of marker enzymes for endoplasmic reticulum and brush border, but a 2.7-fold increase in the specific activity of Na-K-ATPase. The specific activity of the mitochondrial marker, succinic cytochrome c reductase, was similar to that in the crude homogenate. The purified membrane fraction contained adenylate cyclase activity sensitive to parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, vasopressin, and isoproterenol. Only the isoproterenol-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity was inhibited by propranolol (10-5 m). Each of the three peptide-sensitive adenylate cyclase activities could be characterized by a specific anatomic distribution. The adenylate cyclase responses to the three peptide hormones showed partial additivity. The purified plasma membranes bound 125I-calcitonin (salmon), and this binding was blocked by unlabeled salmon calcitonin but not by adrenocorticotropic hormone or growth hormone. The membranes degraded 125I-salmon calcitonin to forms that were not precipitable with trichloroacetic acid and did not bind to fresh membranes.
Integrated Magneto-Optical Materials and Isolators: A Review (2014)

Many novel materials and device designs have been proposed as photonic analogs to electrical diodes over the last four decades. This paper seeks to revisit these materials and designs as advanced technologies may enable experimental realization that was not possible upon conception of several of these designs. The background behind integration challenges, including waveguide birefringence, fabrication tolerances, garnet/semiconductor mismatch, and optimized interfaces will hopefully spark new ideas that will finally enable the realization of integrated optical isolators and circulators.
Postoperative Renal Failure in Trauma Patients (1979)

Since 1975 the authors had observed a sudden increase in the incidence of nonoliguric renal failure following anesthesia in trauma victims. In an attempt to find the possible causes they reviewed postoperative fluid management of 2,191 patients. During the period 1974–1975, fluid intake was increase
Generating doughnut-shaped beams with large charge numbers by use of liquid-crystal spiral phase plates (2004)

Liquid-crystal spiral phase plates with cell gaps of 7 and 20 microm have been used to generate doughnut-shaped beams (doughnut beams) with charges of 1 and 4, respectively. Stacking these liquid-crystal spiral phase plates yielded doughnut beams with charge numbers up to 8. High efficiency and flexibility are the advantages of generating doughnut beams by stacking liquid-crystal spiral phase plates. Interference of doughnut beams generated by liquid-crystal spiral phase plates and plane waves has been studied. Fingerlike interference patterns were obtained with a doughnut beam tilted from a Gaussian beam; spiral fanlike patterns were obtained with a doughnut beam and a Gaussian beam collimated coaxially. The experimental results are supported qualitatively by simulation. By rotating a glass slide in the path of the Gaussian beam, one can rotate the fanlike interference pattern in a controlled fashion. With the liquid-crystal display technology that we have developed and report here, these liquid-crystal spiral phase plates should find applications in optical tweezers.
Quantum Biology on the Edge of Quantum Chaos (2014)

We give a new explanation for why some biological systems can stay quantum coherent for a long time at room temperature, one of the fundamental puzzles of quantum biology. We show that systems with the right level of complexity between chaos and regularity can increase their coherence time by orders of magnitude. Systems near Critical Quantum Chaos or Metal-Insulator Transition (MIT) can have long coherence times and coherent transport at the same time. The new theory tested in a realistic light harvesting system model can reproduce the scaling of critical fluctuations reported in recent experiments. Scaling of return probability in the FMO light harvesting complex shows the signs of universal return probability decay observed at critical MIT. The results may open up new possibilities to design low loss energy and information transport systems in this Poised Realm hovering reversibly between quantum coherence and classicality.
A Novel Malaria Vaccine Candidate Antigen Expressed in Tetrahymena thermophila (2014)

Development of effective malaria vaccines is hampered by the problem of producing correctly folded Plasmodium proteins for use as vaccine components. We have investigated the use of a novel ciliate expression system, Tetrahymena thermophila, as a P. falciparum vaccine antigen platform. A synthetic vaccine antigen composed of N-terminal and C-terminal regions of merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) was expressed in Tetrahymena thermophila. The recombinant antigen was secreted into the culture medium and purified by monoclonal antibody (mAb) affinity chromatography. The vaccine was immunogenic in MF1 mice, eliciting high antibody titers against both N- and C-terminal components. Sera from immunized animals reacted strongly with P. falciparum parasites from three antigenically different strains by immunofluorescence assays, confirming that the antibodies produced are able to recognize parasite antigens in their native form. Epitope mapping of serum reactivity with a peptide library derived from all three MSP-1 Block 2 serotypes confirmed that the MSP-1 Block 2 hybrid component of the vaccine had effectively targeted all three serotypes of this polymorphic region of MSP-1. This study has successfully demonstrated the use of Tetrahymena thermophila as a recombinant protein expression platform for the production of malaria vaccine antigens.
Identification of the Cerebral Loci Processing Human Swallowing With H<sub>2</sub> <sup>15</sup>O PET Activation (1999)

Lesional and electrophysiological data implicate a role for the cerebral cortex in the initiation and modulation of human swallowing, and yet its functional neuroanatomy remains undefined. We therefore conducted a functional study of the cerebral loci processing human volitional swallowing with 15O-labeled water positron emission tomography (PET) activation imaging. Regional cerebral activation was investigated in 8 healthy right handed male volunteers with a randomized 12-scan paradigm of rest and water swallows (5 ml/bolus, continuous infusion) at increasing frequencies of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 Hz, which were visually cued and monitored with submental electromyogram (EMG). Group and individual linear covariate analyses were performed with SPM96. In five of eight subjects, the cortical motor representation of pharynx was subsequently mapped with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in a posthoc manner to substantiate findings of hemispheric differences in sensorimotor cortex activation seen with PET. During swallowing, group PET analysis identified increased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) (P < 0.001) within bilateral caudolateral sensorimotor cortex [Brodmann's area (BA) 3, 4, and 6], right anterior insula (BA 16), right orbitofrontal and temporopolar cortex (BA 11 and 38), left mesial premotor cortex (BA 6 and 24), left temporopolar cortex and amygdala (BA 38 and 34), left superiomedial cerebellum, and dorsal brain stem. Decreased rCBF (P < 0.001) was also observed within bilateral posterior parietal cortex (BA 7), right anterior occipital cortex (BA 19), left superior frontal cortex (BA 8), right prefrontal cortex (BA 9), and bilateral superiomedial temporal cortex (BA 41 and 42). Individual PET analysis revealed asymmetric representation within sensorimotor cortex in six of eight subjects, four lateralizing to right hemisphere and two to left hemisphere. TMS mapping in the five subjects identified condordant interhemisphere asymmetries in the motor representation for pharynx, consistent with the PET findings. We conclude that volitional swallowing recruits multiple cerebral regions, in particular sensorimotor cortex, insula, temporopolar cortex, cerebellum, and brain stem, the sensorimotor cortex displaying strong degrees of interhemispheric asymmetry, further substantiated with TMS. Such findings may help explain the variable nature of swallowing disorders after stroke and other focal lesions to the cerebral cortex.
Abstract W P67: High Resolution C-arm Ct and Metal Artifact Removal Software; A Novel Imaging Modality to Analyze Aneurysms Treated With Stent Assisted Coil Embolization (2014)

Purpose: Stent assisted coil embolization recently became a common treatment strategy for the wide neck aneurysms. Normal digital subtraction angiography (DSA), however, does not allow visualization of the deployed stents. The combination of high resolution C-arm CT (HR C-arm CT) and a novel Metal Artifact Removal software (MAR) enables the visualization of the coil mass, stent, and contrast material with high spatial resolution as well as significant reduction of metal artifacts produced by the platinum coils. In this study, experimental aneurysms were treated with stent assisted coil embolization and image analysis was performed using the HR C-arm CT and MAR. I.V. injection of the contrast to obtain the images was also performed. Methods: A total of 9 experimental aneurysms were created in 5 swine. Endovascular treatment using a stent was performed after the aneurysm creation. HR C-arm CT was performed immediately after the treatment and obtained images were processed with MAR. Intra arterial injection of the diluted contrast (10%) was performed in every swine and intra venous injection (non-diluted) was also performed in 3 swine. Visualization of the residual aneurysms as well as coil loops protruded into the stent lumen was evaluated. Results: Coil loops protruded into the stent lumen, which were not visible before the MAR due to the significant metal artifact, were well visualized after the MAR. Likewise, Contrast filling into the residual aneurism was observed after the MAR in every aneurysm. Intravenous injection of the contrast material reproduced similar image quality as compared to the intra arterial injections. Conclusions: The combination of the HR-Carm CT and MAR enables the differentiation of the coil mass, stent and contrast material by markedly reducing the metal artifact produced by the coils. This novel image modality may contribute to the evaluation of aneurysms treated with stent assisted coil embolization.
Infrared Focal Plane Array with a Built-in Stationary Fourier-Transform Spectrometer: First Experimental Results (2005)

A very compact configuration of stationary Fourier transform infrared spectrometer is explored. In contrast with a classic setup, the interferometer is directly integrated in the focal plane array during its manufacturing process.
Proton-Induced Plasticity in Hydrogen Clusters (1997)

The effect of protonation of pure hydrogen clusters is investigated at low temperature using a combination of path-integral simulations and first-principles electronic structure calculations. The added proton gets trapped as a very localized ${\mathrm{H}}_{3}^{+}$ impurity in the cluster core, and is surrounded by stable shells of solvating ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ molecules. These clusters are frozen with respect to the translational degrees of freedom, while the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ ligands undergo large-amplitude rotations. The classical approximation for the nuclei fails to account for this effect which is akin to plastic behavior in crystals.
THE SUB-FRACTIONATION OF HUMAN GAMMA-GLOBULIN IN A CONTINUOUSLY DEVELOPING PH GRADIENT<sup>1</sup> (1957)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTHE SUB-FRACTIONATION OF HUMAN GAMMA-GLOBULIN IN A CONTINUOUSLY DEVELOPING PH GRADIENT1Nikolaus R. HanslCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1957, 79, 6, 1511Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1957Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1957https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja01563a070https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01563a070research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views17Altmetric-Citations4LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evidence of a Stable Uranyl Site in Ancient Organic-Rich Calcite (2006)

The mechanism of uranium (U) incorporation into calcite (calcium carbonate) is of fundamental importance to the fate and transport of U at the surface and in the shallow subsurface and has implications for (a) the accuracy of U-Pb and U-series isotope ratio methods used to determine the ages of ancient deposits and (b) potential remediation strategies based on sequestration of U in the subsurface. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy is uniquely suited to the study of U-calcite systems. The sensitivity of the EXAFS spectrum to the local atomic Ca coordination about U(VI) in the calcite structure results in an increase in the number and amplitude of Ca signals as the U(VI) becomes more ordered within the crystal structure. Our X-ray microprobe (10-microm) measurements of an ancient 298 million-year-old organic-rich calcite (calcrete) clearly revealed three coordination shells of Ca atoms, defining a well-ordered calcite structure about uranyl to a distance of approximately 6.5 angstroms. These results indicate that uranyl is incorporated at the Ca2+ site in calcite and that the uranyl environment may evolve over long time scales, becoming more calcite-like and more stable for long-term sequestration of uranium. These results therefore validate U-related dating methods and show that calcite can be effective at sequestering U in vadose zone sediments.