gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterizing microscopic domains of birefringence in thin tissue sections (2001)

A tissue engineering problem that we anticipate will become increasingly of interest is how to grow protein layers and filaments in preferred orientations. For example, the polymerization of monomers into an oriented structure which may exert influence on adherent cells. In this paper, we report on an optical solution using polarized light measurements to probe the structure and orientation of fibers. In particular in this initial study, we measure the fast-axis orientation and retardance of micro-domains in thin sections of liver, muscle, and skin tissues using a polarizing microscope. The size of microdomains of iso- retardance is in the range 10-100 μm, which suggests that optical measurements with laser beams that are on the order of 1-mm in diameter or with imaging cameras with pixels sizes on the order of 100 s of μm will average over several microdomains and consequently complicate interpretation of measurements.
Über Triterpene, XVII. Das Aglykon des Cyclamins (1964)

Abstract Es wird gezeigt, daß „Cyclamiretin”︁ (Cyclamiretin D, V) nicht das genuine Aglykon des Cyclamins (I) ist, sondern erst durch Säurehydrolyse aus dem genuinen Oleanan‐3β. 16α‐diol‐25‐al‐13β.28‐oxid (Cyclamiretin A, II) entsteht.
Study on Temperature Control and Optimal Design for Continuous Sterilizer (2015)

본 논문에서는 배치식 살균기의 문제점을 분석하여 연속 살균기를 모델링하고 설계하였으며 온도편차를 제어하였다. 살균기의 노즐 직경, 홀 직경, 노즐 길이 등의 설계 파라미터를 이용하여 온도를 해석하였다. 살균기의 온도편차에 중요한 노즐 직경, 제트박스의 직경, 노즐의 홀 피치 등의 설계 파라미터를 반응표면분석법에 의하여 최적화하였다. 그리고 본 연구에서 제안한 설계 파라미터를 이용하여 살균기의 실험장치를 개발하여 온라인으로 테스트를 실시하였다. 온라인 테스트 결과 목표온도까지 상승하는데 약 7.3 min 소요되었고 온도편차는 약 0.84℃로 양호하였으며 해석적으로 최적화를 실시한 결과와 동일한 최적조건을 도출하였다.
<title>Pyrosequencing for SNPs</title> (2000)

With a large part of the Human Genome Project behind us and several smaller genomes already finished, we are facing new challenges. Until now most of the collective effort has been focused on sequencing genomes, but the activities to interpret and use this information are now rapidly accelerating. Technology developed for the long read lengths typically required for sequencing projects are not necessarily well suited for the emerging needs of applied genomics where identification of known genes or the study of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, can be achieved with only a few bases of sequence information. Several new methods such as Taqman, Molecular Beacons, Invader Probes, Mini sequencing (single base extension) etc are being developed to meet these new needs but very few of these has the ability to read more than one base. This paper describes Pyrosequencing, a new way of sequencing DNA based on Sequencing By Synthesis and with the ability to sequence short to medium length stretches of DNA with high accuracy.
Sustainability Assessment of a Power Generation System Using DSR-HNS Framework (2013)

In this paper, an improved energy policy making and assessment framework based on human, nature, and system dimensions is described first in conjunction with a systematic assessment procedure including analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to manage and analyze huge and diverse sets of information belonging to a wide time span. A new sustainability index is introduced and incorporated into the assessment procedure to present the sustainability status of any energy system by a single criterion. Using the framework and procedure, Iran power generation system is then assessed as a case study from a sustainability point of view by defining and manipulating many indicators over half a century. The results reveal that the dimensions of the system are located in a sustainable bandwidth. However, the temporal trends of the dimensions show an unbalanced development of the system. The assessment provides an essential first step for improving the current electricity policies of the country.
The Case for Chemotherapy Alone for Limited-Stage Hodgkin's Lymphoma (2012)

The Hodgkin's Disease.6 study is critically examined, and the question of whether or not radiation should be used at all in the treatment of patients with limited-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma is argued to be more relevant than what type of radiation to use, given the remarkably good outcome with chemotherapy alone.
Novel laser Doppler linear encoder using multiple-reflection optical design for a high-resolution linear actuator (1998)

A novel laser Doppler linear encoder system (LDLE) has been developed at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. A self-aligning 3-D multiple-reflection optical design was used for the laser Doppler displacement meter (LDDM) to extend the encoder system resolution. The encoder is compact [about 70 mm(H) X 100 mm(W) X 250 mm(L)] and it has sub-Angstrom resolution, 100 mm/sec measuring speed, and 300 mm measuring range. Because the new device affords higher resolution, as compared with commercial laser interferometer systems, and yet cost less, it will have good potential for use in scientific and industrial applications.
Afrikanische Soldaten im französisch besetzten Vorarlberg 1945/46 (2010)

Vorarlberg wurde hauptsächlich von marokkanischen Kolonialtruppen der französischen Armee befreit. Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt den Aufenthalt dieser Soldaten in Vorarlberg insbesondere unter dem Aspekt welche Diskurse über diese Soldaten in der Vorarlberger Bevölkerung und von Seiten französischer Offiziere präsent waren. Daneben gehe ich auch den soziale Hintergrund der marokkanischen Soldaten und auf die Funktionsweise der französischen Kolonialarmee ein. Ich ziehe sowohl publizierte Quellen wie Memoiren französischer Generäle, Zeitschriften und Zeitungen als auch Quellen aus Vorarlberger Archiven sowie dem Archiv der französischen Armee heran. Die französische Armee war ein von systematischer Diskriminierung gegenüber den kolonisierten Soldaten in allen Bereichen des militärischen Leben geprägtes System. Die voralberger Sichtweisen über marokkanischen Soldaten zeigen insbesondere zu den in interner Korrespondenz der Armee geäußerten Meinungen französischer Offiziere starke Parallelen auf. In beiden ist die Infantilisierung der Kolonialsoldaten ein wichtiges Instrument der Konstruktion ihrer eigenen Überlegenheit. Auch die Ablehnung von Beziehungen zwischen marokkanischen Soldaten und französischen bzw. österreichischen Frauen ist in beiden Diskursen stark präsent. Gleichzeitig gibt es eine starke Diskrepanz zwischen den Darstellungen in Publikationen der französischen Armee bzw. Offizieren dieser und in der internen Kommunikation der Armee. Während bei ersteren am Ideal der mission civilicatrice festgehalten wird und Frankreich im allgemeinen bzw. die französische Armee im speziellen als Motor der Weiterentwicklung der autochthonen Bevölkerung Afrikas dargestellt wird, kommt in der internen Kommunikation des französischen Generalstabs für Marokko zum Ausdruck, dass eine Weiterentwicklung der Soldaten komplett unerwünscht ist, da man befürchtete, dass jegliche Horizonterweiterung der Kolonialsoldaten den militärischen Wert der Kolonialarmee zerstören konnte.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Sonochemistry. Synthesis, and Use of Reissert Compounds Under PTC‐Ultrasound. (1989)

Abstract The isoquinoline Reissert compound (I) reacts with the benzyl chlorides (II) in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst under ultrasonication to form the substitution products (III) which are hydrolyzed to yield the isoquinolines (IV).
Power-efficient Interconnection Networks: Dynamic Voltage Scaling with Links (2002)

Power consumption is a key issue in highperformanceinterconnection network design. Communicationlinks, already a aignificant consumer of power now,will take up an ever larger portion of the power budgetas demand for network bandwidth increases. In this paper,we motivate the use of dynamic voltage scaling (DVS)for links, where the frequency and voltage of links are dynamicallyadjusted to minimize power consumption. Wepropose a history-based DYS algorithm that jjlidiciously adjustsDVS poIicies based on past link utilization. Despitevery conservative assumptions about DVS link characteristics,our approach realizes up to 4.5X power savings (3.2Xaverage), with just an average 27.4% Iatency increase and2.5% throughput reduction. To the best of our knowledge,this is the first study that targets dynamic power optimizationof interconnection networks.
Impedance Spectra of Electrochemically Formed Polyaniline Electrodes in an Aprotic Solution (1986)

Extensive sudies on the elecrochemical properties of elecroconducive heterocyclic polymers have recently been carried ou by many wQrkers(1-4) Amn3heseplymersPlyaceylene(1)andplyparaphenylene(2)arefirst studed for ther wi(ie range of apPlcations Polyaniline is also an ineresing maerial whose sability an(1 eectroactiviy allow it to be used
Feynman Rules for an Elastic Plate With Random Internal Scatterers (1996)

Abstract The ‘fuzzy structure’ approach proposed by Soize for the analysis of the effects of complex internal structure has been formulated in terms of Feynman diagrams for the case of a large fluid loaded plate. We have derived the Feynman rules both in real space and wavenumber space for the case in which the internals are simple oscillators distributed uniformly and independently in both space and frequency. With the method of calculation established, the mean Green’s function is evaluated to 3rd order in the perturbation expansion to illustrate the ease with which results can be obtained via this technique. The calculation demonstrates that the scattering effects due to the internal structure introduce damping (of a sort) and in addition exposes the parameter which must be quite small in order for low order calculations (e.g. zeroth order) to be meaningful: The ratio of the mass of a single oscillator to the mass which ‘rigidly’ supports the oscillator.
Environmental Noise Assessment for Military Aircraft Training Routes. Volume 1. SAC (Strategic Air Command) Low-Level Routes. (1987)

Abstract : A series of noise measurements was conducted underneath a low-altitude military training route utilized by SAC aircraft. The primary measurement system consisted of 17 automatic noise monitors deployed on a two-mile array across the route. These recorded A-weighted noise metrics and provided identification of the lateral position of each aircraft. Data were obtained for 48 aircraft over a 15-day period. It was found that maximum A-weighted sound levels and sound exposure levels for B-1 and B-52 aircraft agreed well with predictions from the Air Force's existing NOISEFILE data base. It was also found that the distribution of lateral position re: centerline well described by a Gaussian distribution with a standard deviation of 0.5 mile. Analog recordings were made of selected overflights of B-1, B-52, and FB-111 aircraft. These provided definition of the temporal and spectral characteristics of these flight operations. Keywords: Military aircraft operations; Community noise exposure; Bomber aircraft.
Output characteristics of AlCaAs-DH and InGaAs-QW vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers under strong cavity resonance detuning (1994)

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) become increasingly important to optical fiber and free-space communication. Still the actual device offers a wide scope for research on its fundamental properties as well as for device optimization.
Monitoring Age-Group Swimmers Over a Training Macrocycle: Energetics, Technique, and Anthropometrics (2018)

Zacca, R, Azevedo, R, Chainok, P, Vilas-Boas, JP, Castro, FAdS, Pyne, DB, and Fernandes, RJ. Monitoring age-group swimmers over a training macrocycle: energetics, technique, and anthropometrics. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 818-827, 2020-The aim of this study was to quantify changes and contributions of energetic, technique, and anthropometric profiles across the first training macrocycle (16-week) in a traditional 3-peak swimming season. Twenty-four age-group swimmers (10 boys and 14 girls age 14.4 ± 0.9 years) of equal maturational stage were monitored through a 400-m test in front crawl (T400). Energetic, technique, and anthropometric characteristics were compared before (experimental testing 1, E1) and after the preparatory (E2), specific (E3), and competitive (E4) training periods. Sex interaction was not significant for any variable. Multiple linear regressions and principal component analysis were used to identify the most influential variables and the relative contribution of each domain (energetics, technique, and anthropometrics) to changes in swimming performance of T400. The relative contributions for performance of T400 at E1, E2, E3, and E4 were 15, 12, 6, and 13% for energetics, 78, 85, 75, and 70% for technique, and 7, 3, 19 and 17% for anthropometrics, respectively. Technique played the main role during the first 16-week macrocycle in a competitive season, regardless of small fluctuations in the influence of energetics and anthropometrics. Changes and influence of energetics, technique, and anthropometric on age-group swimmers' performance could be described by the T400 swimming test, providing a comprehensive biophysical overview of the main contributors to swimming performance.
A Novel Derivatization Procedure for the Vapor-Phase Analysis of Tryptophan (1975)

Abstract L-Tryptophan is condensed with formaldehyde to yield 2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-β-carboline-4-carboxylic acid. The trimethylsilyl derivative of this compound is suitable for selective ion monitoring during combined gas chromatography - mass spectrometry since it affords a relatively abundant molecular ion of high MSS.
The small gtp-binding protein, <i>RHO</i> p21, is involved in bone resorption by regulating cytoskeletal organization in osteoclasts (1995)

Rho protein (rho p21), a p21ras-related small guanine nucleotide binding protein, regulates cytoskeletal organization in a number of different types of cells. Evidence has indicated that Clostridium botulinum-derived ADP-ribosyltransferase (C3 exoenzyme) specifically ADP-ribosylates rho p21 at Asn41 and renders it functionally inactive. In this study, we examined the involvement of rho p21 in osteoclastic bone resorption using the C3 exoenzyme. When osteoclast-like multinucleated cells obtained from cocultures of mouse osteoblastic cells and bone marrow cells were placed on dentine slices, they formed ringed structures of podosomes containing F-actin (corresponding to the clear zone) within 8 hours. Many resorption pits were formed on dentine slices after culture for 24 hours. The C3 exoenzyme at 0.15-10 micrograms/ml added to the culture medium disrupted the ringed structure of podosomes in osteoclast-like cells in a dose-dependent manner. Correspondingly, pit formation by osteoclast-like cells on dentine slices was dose-dependently inhibited also by adding the C3 exoenzyme. Microinjection of the C3 exoenzyme into osteoclast-like cells placed on culture dishes completely disrupted the ringed podosome structure within 20 minutes. The amount of the rho p21 which was ADP-ribosylated by the C3 exoenzyme in vitro was much greater in purified osteoclast-like cells than in osteoblastic cells. Prior exposure of the purified osteoclast-like cell preparation to the C3 exoenzyme in vivo markedly decreased the amount of unribosylated rho p21. This indicated that the C3 exoenzyme incorporated into osteoclast-like cells effectively ADP-ribosylates rho p21 in vivo.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Symmetrical 45nm PMOS on [110] substrate with excellent S/D extension distribution and mobility enhancement (2004)

For the first time, 45 nm PMOS devices on the only 4-fold symmetry zone of [110] surface substrates were demonstrated with excellent diffusion control in the S/D extension region. A 30% drive current enhancement was observed compared to devices on conventional (100) substrates with <110> channel. Resistance to gate oxide interface generation induced by charge injection stress is increased by 2 times. Improved 1/f noise characteristics were also observed on [110] surface substrates, especially when devices operate at the linear region.
Reverse Time Migration Algorithm for Detection of Buried Objects in Time Domain (2008)

International audience
Effect of hypertension on upper airway function and sleep apnoea (1995)

Current evidence suggests that elevations in blood pressure during obstructive apnoeic episodes increase pharyngeal collapsibility and the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea.
Electrochemical Determination of Reversible Redox Species at Interdigitated Array Micro/Nanoelectrodes Using Charge Injection Method (2005)

In this work, the interdigitated array microelectrodes/nanoelectrodes (approximately 0.2 mm2 surface area) have been fabricated and characterized using the charge injection method for the electrochemical determination of reversible redox species. Using p-aminophenol as the redox species, approximately 4 x 10(-7) M and 6 x 10(-9) M detection limits on the species concentration ar respectively achieved with the microelectrodes and the nanoelectrodes.
Studies on the Copolymerization of Aldehydes (1963)

Et2AlNPh2を触媒として-78℃でアセトアルデヒド, プロピオンアルデヒド, n-およびiso-ブチルアルデヒドの2成分共重合を行なった。生成共重合体は全組成域にわたって結晶性であり, その格子定数は共重合体組成に従って連続的に変化する。共重合体のエーテル結合に基く赤外スペクトルの吸収位置も同様な連続的変化を示した。共重合体のうち, ある組成範囲のものは両単独ポリマーや他の組成の共重合体とは異なりトルエン, クロロホルム, 四塩化炭素に完全に溶解した。しかし通常の方法では異なる組成部分に分別することはできなかった。これらの結果から, 得られた共重合体は高分子の固溶体のうちでは“monomerlcisomorphism”に属するいわゆる“cocrystalline copolymer”であることがわかった。この種の結晶性共重合体はEtAl (NPh2) 3, Al (NPh2) 3, AlR3, Al (OR) 3, ZnR2などを重合触媒としても生成する。一方n-ヘプタナール, n-オクタナールなどの高級アルデヒドと上記の低級アルデヒドとの共重合でも同様に“cocrystalline copolymer”が生成するが, この場合は生成共重合体のX線回折図形が仕込モノマー組成に応じて非常に特異な変化を示す。Et2AlNPh2触媒による共重合体はその末端に-NPh2基を持つことがポリマー溶液の紫外スペクトルの測定から確かめられた。アセトアルデヒドとn-プチルアルデヒドとの共重合体の加熱分解を種なの温度で行ない, 分解に伴う共重合体の溶液粘度の変化を観測し, その結果に基いて重合体の熱分解機構を推論した。また分解の見かけの活性化エネルギーは34kcal/molであった。
Parasites of vendance Coregonus albula (l.) from lakes in the drainage basin of the Łyna River (Northern Poland) (2010)

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Asymmetric Synthesis of a Chiral Secondary Grignard Reagent (2000)

A chiral Grignard reagent with the metal-bearing carbon atom as the sole stereogenic center has been generated by asymmetric synthesis in >90 % ee (see scheme). Such reagents allow the elucidation of the stereochemical course of subsequent reactions (such as the shown oxidation), which provides hints to the mechanism (electron transfer reactions or polar additions).
A Flexible Reduced Graphene Oxide Field‐Effect Transistor for Ultrasensitive Strain Sensing (2013)

A new kind of flexible strain sensor based on a reduced graphene oxide field‐effect transistor (rGO FET) with ultrasensitivity, stability, and repeatability for the detection of tensile and compressive strains is demonstrated. The novelty of the rGO FET strain sensor is the incorporation of a rGO channel as a sensing layer in which the electrical resistance can be greatly modified upon application of an extremely low level of strain resulting in an intrinsically amplified sensing signal. The rGO FET device is ultrasensitive to extremely low strain levels, as low as 0.02%. Due to weak coupling between adjacent nanosheets, therefore, upon applying small levels of strain into the rGO thin film, a modulation of the internanosheet resistance (R inter ) is expected, inducing a large change in the transconductance of the rGO FET. Using a simple printing and self‐assembly process, the facile fabrication of an rGO FET array over a large area is also demonstrated. In addition, the device can detect small and rapid physical movements of the human body.
Synthesis of 2,3-dihydroinosine derivatives by reduction using BH3-THF (2000)

A novel reductive method for the chemical modification of nucleosides is described. Reaction of inosine derivatives with boran-THF resulted in the regioselective reduction of purine ring to afford the corresponding 2,3-dihydroinosine derivatives in moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: STERIC INFLUENCES OF PHOSPHORUS‐DONOR LIGANDS ON THE STRUCTURE AND LIGAND‐EXCHANGE RATES OF COBALOXIMES (1982)

Abstract Die Verbindung (Ia) kristallisiert mit Z=4 in der Raumgruppe Pl, (Ib) gehört mit Z=4 zu der Raumgruppe P212 121. Deformationen in der Geomc trie dieser oktaedrischen Co(III)‐Komplexe werden anhand sterischer und elektronischer Einflüsse erklärt.
An Active‐Site Model of Prostaglandin H Synthase: An Iron “Twin‐Coronet” Porphyrin with an Aryloxyl Radical Overhang and Its Catalytic Oxygenation of 1,4‐Diene (2003)

Wie ein Enzym: Durch Peroxysäure-Oxidation bildet sich in der Reaktionstasche eines Eisenporphyrins ein Naphthoxyl-Radikal, das spektroskopisch charakterisiert werden konnte. Der Eisenkomplex katalysiert die regio- und stereoselektive Oxygenierung von Z,Z-1,4-Dienen zu den entsprechenden Alkoholen (siehe Bild) und ist somit das erste Beispiel für eine künstliche Prostaglandin-H-Synthase. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2001/2003/z50431_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Inhibition of Receptor-Dependent Urokinase Signaling by Specific Ser to Glu Substitutions (2002)

We have previously reported that phosphorylation of human urokinase on Ser138/303 abolishes its catalytic-independent motogen and proadhesive abilities, whereas receptor binding is not affected. Here we show that substitution of the two relevant serines with glutamic acid residues impairs the ability of urokinase to mobilize a variety of human and mouse cell lines as well as human primary T lymphocytes. Accordingly, urokinase receptor-dependent signaling, leading to cytoskeletal rearrangements and paxillin re-distribution, does not occur in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells exposed to 'phosphorylation-like' urokinase. Unlike the wild-type form, di-substituted urokinase is unable to induce the physical association of urokinase receptor with alphavbeta5 vitronectin receptor, which is required for MCF-7 urokinase-dependent cell migration. Finally, the di-substituted variant fails to activate p55fgr, a member of the Src tyrosine kinase family, which mediates cell migration and adhesion of U937 myelomonocytic cells. In conclusion, the finding that specific amino acid substitutions strongly interfere with the ability of urokinase to stimulate cell migration, and the associated intracellular events uncover a novel way to regulate urokinase receptor-dependent signaling.
Kinetics of the Oxidation of Acrolein Initiated by Di-<i>t</i>-Butyl Diperoxyoxalate (1974)

Abstract The kinetics of the liquid-phase autoxidation of acrolein were studied using di-t-butyl diperoxyoxalate as an initiator. The ratios of the rate constants for the propagation vs the termination steps (k3k6−1⁄2 and k2k4−1⁄2) in the autoxidation mechanism were determined from the empirical rate equation thus obtained. The lower reactivity of acrolein was explained by comparing the ratios with those of saturated aldehydes.
Acute effects of orexigenic antipsychotic drugs on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in rat (2011)

Our results support that clozapine and olanzapine are associated with primary effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism associated with transcriptional changes in metabolically active peripheral tissues prior to the development of drug-induced weight gain.
Trigger Factor Flexibility (2014)

A nuclear magnetic resonance study shows how the bacterial chaperone trigger factor can dynamically bind and release many different substrates. [Also see Research Article by Saio et al. ]