gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Selective Overview of Variable Selection in High Dimensional Feature Space. (2010)

High dimensional statistical problems arise from diverse fields of scientific research and technological development. Variable selection plays a pivotal role in contemporary statistical learning and scientific discoveries. The traditional idea of best subset selection methods, which can be regarded as a specific form of penalized likelihood, is computationally too expensive for many modern statistical applications. Other forms of penalized likelihood methods have been successfully developed over the last decade to cope with high dimensionality. They have been widely applied for simultaneously selecting important variables and estimating their effects in high dimensional statistical inference. In this article, we present a brief account of the recent developments of theory, methods, and implementations for high dimensional variable selection. What limits of the dimensionality such methods can handle, what the role of penalty functions is, and what the statistical properties are rapidly drive the advances of the field. The properties of non-concave penalized likelihood and its roles in high dimensional statistical modeling are emphasized. We also review some recent advances in ultra-high dimensional variable selection, with emphasis on independence screening and two-scale methods.
Rational interpolation by extendible inverse discretecosine transform (1997)

Rational interpolation based on the conventional inverse discrete cosine transform (DCT) is developed. An extendible inverse DCT equation is given to provide a rational ratio of interpolation. The proposed DCT interpolation is backwards-compatible to the conventional DCT.
Cytotoxicity and enzymes estimation of some newer benzimidazoles (2011)

The development of in-vitro cytotoxicity assays has been driven by the need to rapidly evaluate the potential toxicity of large numbers of compounds. In the present study the anticancer study has been performed to the synthesized compounds (1-10) by determination of total cell protein content through sulphoradamine B (SRB) assay on HEp-2 (Human larynx cancer cell line). Compounds 1, 2, 9 and 10 showed minimum cytotoxic concentration (CTC50) at which 50 percent of cancer cell populations were inhibited and are comparable to the standard drug 5- Fluorouracil. Potent compounds of the series were selected for enzyme estimation to show any hepatic toxicity. All enzymes estimated were compared to the control. SGPT, SGOT values of compound 9 and alkaline phosphatase of compounds 9 and 10 were found to be moderately significant (p < 0.01).
An Analysis of Cruise Ship Meetings (2005)

Abstract Cruise ships have become one of the many options for corporate meeting planners when faced with a decision regarding a destination for meetings and incentives (employee rewards). In the past five years, all major cruise lines have unveiled mega cruise ships to attract a piece of the more than $20 billion corporate meeting and incentives market (Buia, 2001). But how much interest really exists among the meeting planners in holding their meetings aboard cruise ships? Are cruise ship meetings really comparable to meetings planned in land based meeting facilities? This paper explores the meeting planners' perceptions and interests in cruise ship meetings.
From the Diary of an English Teacher (2003)

More than ten years ago, Shirley Chew and Anna Rutherford invited me to contribute to their volume Unbecoming Daughters of the ^m/^/re (1993).Writing that piece about my childhood turned out to be more fun than anything else I had done earlier and while reading the other accounts in the book I became keenly aware how each of our lives are part of a larger cultural narrative. For the special issue dedicated to Shirley, I wanted to write something in the same mood — rather than another solemn academic paper. I share a warm bond of friendship with Shirley, and while I find her scholarly work impressive, what endears her to me most is the mischievous glint in her eyes as she recounts with verve some amusing anecdote concerning our profession. I wanted to share with her some of my experiences as a fellow English teacher.
Local Multidimensional Scaling for Nonlinear Dimension Reduction, Graph Drawing, and Proximity Analysis (2009)

In the past decade there has been a resurgence of interest in nonlinear dimension reduction. Among new proposals are “Local Linear Embedding,” “Isomap,” and Kernel Principal Components Analysis which all construct global low-dimensional embeddings from local affine or metric information. We introduce a competing method called “Local Multidimensional Scaling” (LMDS). Like LLE, Isomap, and KPCA, LMDS constructs its global embedding from local information, but it uses instead a combination of MDS and “force-directed” graph drawing. We apply the force paradigm to create localized versions of MDS stress functions with a tuning parameter to adjust the strength of nonlocal repulsive forces. We solve the problem of tuning parameter selection with a meta-criterion that measures how well the sets of K-nearest neighbors agree between the data and the embedding. Tuned LMDS seems to be able to outperform MDS, PCA, LLE, Isomap, and KPCA, as illustrated with two well-known image datasets. The meta-criterion can also be used in a pointwise version as a diagnostic tool for measuring the local adequacy of embeddings and thereby detect local problems in dimension reductions.
Copper ion binding and heparin interactions of human fibrinogen (1973)

Abstract The binding of copper ions to fibrinogen was studied by the equilibrium dialysis technique in neutral Tris buffer. The presence of copper causes precipitation of fibrinogen‐copper complexes, the amount of which varies with the copper ion concentration. Solutions of 96% clottable fibrinogen (whole fibrinogen) displayed a maximum binding capacity about four times greater than that of fibrinogen solutions from which the cold‐insoluble precipitate had been removed (cold‐soluble fibrinogen). Binding in both systems apparently involves two classes of sites in fibrinogen, and the class of lower affinity is associated with cooperative interactions with copper. The copper concentration at which this cooperative uptake occurs is identical to the concentration at which the amount of precipitated material increases sharply and also to the concentration at which a sharp decrease is observed in the sedimentation coefficient of soluble fibrinogen, suggesting some relationship between copper binding, solubility, and solution properties. The presence of heparin markedly affects the sedimentation coefficient of fibrinogen in the presence of copper ions, although showing a lesser effect in the absence of the metal. The sedimentation coefficient of fibrinogen is increased in the presence of heparin and copper ion, compared to the value of fibrinogen‐copper systems without heparin, and this effect is enhanced by changing the fibrinogen:heparin molar ratio to larger values. The precipitation of fibrinogen from solution, apparently without a coincident removal of heparin, also increases with increasing copper ion concentration and fibrinogen:heparin molar ratio. The possible significance of these effects in terms of heparin anti‐coagulant activity is discussed.
Prediction of rodent carcinogenicity using the DEREK system for 30 chemicals currently being tested by the National Toxicology Program. The DEREK Collaborative Group. (1996)

DEREK is a knowledge-based expert system for the qualitative prediction of toxicity. The DEREK system has been used to predict the carcinogenicity in rodents of the 30 chemicals in the second National Toxicology Program (NTP) carcinogenicity prediction exercise. Seven of the chemicals were predicted to be carcinogens. For 23 chemicals, there was no evidence in the DEREK knowledge base to suggest carcinogenic activity. Supplementary data from a variety of sources have been evaluated by human experts to assess confidence in each DEREK prediction. These sources included standard toxicology reference texts, genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity assay results for each chemical, as well as Salmonella mutagenicity and carcinogenicity data for close structural analogues. This process has led to the proposal of a number of improvements to the DEREK carcinogenicity knowledge base.
Human Cytomegalovirus: detection of congenital and perinatal infection in Argentina (2004)

Primers directed to the gB fragment region were the best choice for the detection of CMV DNA in positive isolates. In congenital infections, direct PCR in urine was positive in a high percentage (73%) of samples; however, in patients grouped as with perinatal infection only 36% of the cases were positive. With n-PCR, total sample positivity reached 97%. PCR technique performed in DBS allowed identifying congenital infection in four patients and to be confirmed in 3. These results show the value of nPCR for the detection of all cases of CMV infection. The assay offers the advantage that it may be performed within the normal working day and provides reliable results in a much shorter time frame than that required for either traditional tissue culture or the shell-viral assay.
The Data (2005)

Measuring and interpreting economic developments requires a set of statistical standards as well as a coherent overall framework. By and large, forecasters around the world use a common language and refer to the same key macroeconomic variables. However, there are differences across time and space regarding the specific empirical content of some of the concepts used. For most practical purposes, at least in forecasting, these differences are relatively minor, but they ought to be borne in mind when laying side by side national forecasts or comparing performance across countries.KeywordsGross Domestic ProductHuman Development IndexNational AccountGross Domestic Product GrowthReal Gross Domestic ProductThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Electronic Structure of [U<sub>2</sub>(μ<sup>2</sup>-N<sub>2</sub>)(η<sup>5</sup>-C<sub>5</sub>Me<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(η<sup>8</sup>-C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(SiPr<sup>i</sup><sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>] (2004)

Density functional calculations on the model compound [U2(μ2-N2)(η5-C5H5)2(η8-C8H6)2] support the formulation of the recently characterized dinitrogen complex [U2(μ2-N2)(η5-C5Me5)2(η8-C8H4(SiPri3)2)2] as containing two U(IV) f2 centers bridged by a N22- ligand. The N−N distance found experimentally (1.232 Å) can be modeled only in a geometry optimization by a non-aufbau occupation of the orbitals. Though both N2 πg orbitals overlap significantly with U 5f orbitals, only the more stable of the two is occupied in the optimum calculation.
Novel regenerator having simple clock extraction and automatic phase-controlled retiming circuit (1989)

A regenerator having simple clock extraction and an automatic phase-controlled retiming circuit is described. A constant phase between the clock and the data is maintained by employing the automatic phase control circuit which is also used as a data transformer from NRZ signal formats to pseudo-RZ signal formats. The experimental result at 565 Mbit/s showed a maximum 12 degrees of phase deviation in the temperature range between -10°C and 60°C.
Receptor Autoimmunity in Endocrine Disorders (1990)

The discovery in 1956 of the long-acting thyroid stimulator of Graves' disease, now known as thyroid-stimulating antibodies, was seminal. A new mechanism for disease was revealed that appears applicable to virtually all endocrine systems, involving the growth as well as the function of endocrine cells. An endocrine gland may fail through at least three autoimmune mechanisms: destruction, atrophy, and inhibition of function. Destruction is probably irreversible but is not usually distinguishable clinically from receptor blockade causing atrophy or from metabolic unresponsiveness. The contribution made by receptor autoimmunity to endocrine diseases other than thyroid disease is at present unclear, but with immunologic manipulation it is potentially reversible, improving the replicative capacity of the gland, its metabolic responsiveness, or both.
Application of two‐dimensional gel analysis to identification and characterization of tyrosine phosphorylated substrates for growth factor receptors (1993)

The technique of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used for analysis of tyrosine phosphorylated polypeptide substrates after epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced stimulation of receptor tyrosine kinase activity in a brush border fraction of human placental syncytiotrofoblast cells. After incubation with [gamma 32P]ATP, followed by autoradiography of the gels, 35 phosphorylated components were detected, of which 8 were strongly tyrosine phosphorylated by EGF. Using a more sensitive assay with phosphotyrosine-specific antibody, an additional 12 polypeptide components were found to be strongly tyrosine phosphorylated by EGF. A number of the phosphorylated substrates could be aligned with components in a protein catalog of the human brush border membrane fraction that was characterized by glycoprotein staining, Triton X-114 fractionation, immunoreaction with specific antibodies, and comigration with 35S-labeled AMA (transformed human amnion) cells. Identified components, stimulated by EGF, in addition to well-recognized substrates (calpactin II, ezrin, EGF receptor) included beta-tubulin and serum albumin, while other cytoskeletal proteins and alkaline phosphatase were excluded as substrates. A notable feature of the catalog was that a number of glycoproteins were present in both the membrane and cytoskeletal fraction, suggesting involvement in membrane/cytoskeletal interactions. The data demonstrate the feasibility of using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in a global way to identify target substrates for tyrosine kinase activity. In addition they suggest that many of these are located in the vicinity of tyrosine kinase at the membrane/cytoskeletal border at a location which is probably involved, at the molecular level, in morphological changes of the plasma membrane associated with cell proliferation.
Chronic and subacute subdural hematoma in the adult population. The Puerto Rico experience. (1998)

Chronic subdural hematoma occurs more frequently than subacute subdural hematoma. Surgical treatment modality and the use of a drain do not change the recurrence rate. Preoperative seizures are not associated to the development of postoperative seizures. The use of postoperative prophylactic antiepileptic drugs does not decrease the postoperative seizure rate even in the alcoholic patient, therefore, their prophylactic use is not indicated.
Carbon-Encapsulated Metal Oxide Hollow Nanoparticles and Metal Oxide Hollow Nanoparticles: A General Synthesis Strategy and Its Application to Lithium-Ion Batteries (2009)

A novel and general strategy for the synthesis of carbon-encapsulated metal oxide hollow nanoparticles (HNPs) and pure metal oxide HNPs was developed from carbon-encapsulated metal nanoparticles by controlled oxidation in the air. The materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction measurements. It was found that the morphologies and compositions of HNPs were easily tailored through adjustment of the oxidation conditions. When used as the anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, carbon-encapsulated α-Fe2O3 HNPs exhibit excellent cycling performance and a higher reversible capacity of about 700 mA h g−1 after the 60th cycle and possess great potential application in lithium-ion batteries.
CHRONIC ASTHMA IN CHILDHOOD: DOUBLE-BLIND CONTROLLED STUDY OF TREATMENT WITH GAMMA-GLOBULIN (1958)

To evaluate the effect of injections of gamma-globulin upon the course of asthma, observations were made with 22 asthmatic children ranging in age from 1½ to 5½ years. They had suffered from asthma from 1 to 13 years and were selected as subjects because they had not made satisfactory improvement under allergic management over an average of 2.4 years. They were placed in two groups by random assignment, one of which received injections of gamma-globulin. Without knowledge of the treatment being given, one author examined each child at the time of each injection and one month after the last injection. Roentgenograms, vital capacity, complete blood counts and chemical determination of the blood proteins were performed at the initial and final visits. Fifteen of the twenty-two patients improved clinically, eight in the treatment group and seven in the control group. No significant differences between the groups were noted in the amount of asthma, physical growth, hemoglobin value or eosinophilia. The concentration of gamma-globulin in the serum increased in the treated patients. Nevertheless, there was no difference in the incidence of infection in the two groups and in both it was equal to that in a normal population. This double-blind controlled study offers no evidence to support the view that treatment with gamma-globulin has a beneficial effect on the course of chronic asthma in children.
Tracking the implementation of NCCLS M100-S12 expanded-spectrum cephalosporin MIC breakpoints for nonmeningeal isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae by clinical laboratories in the United States during 2002 and 2003 (2004)

The NCCLS M100-S12 recommendation to interpret MICs to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins using two distinct sets of breakpoints for meningeal and nonmeningeal isolates of S. pneumoniae was steadily implemented by clinical microbiology laboratories in the United States following their initial publication in January 2002. The use of these new breakpoints more accurately reflects the clinical activities of expanded-spectrum cephalosporins than did the single set of interpretative breakpoints previously used for both meningeal and nonmeningeal isolates.
Preparation of BiVO<sub>4</sub>‐Graphene Nanocomposites and Their Photocatalytic Activity (2014)

We prepared BiVO 4 ‐graphene nanocomposites by using a facile single‐step method and characterized the material by x‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet‐visible diffuse‐reflection spectroscopy, and three‐dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy. The results show that graphene oxide in the catalyst was thoroughly reduced. The BiVO 4 is densely dispersed on the graphene sheets, which facilitates the transport of electrons photogenerated in BiVO 4 , thereby leading to an efficient separation of photogenerated carriers in the coupled graphene‐nanocomposite system. For degradation of rhodamine B dye under visible‐light irradiation, the photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanocomposites was over ∼20% faster than for pure BiVO 4 catalyst. To study the contribution of electrons and holes in the degradation reaction, silver nitrate and potassium sodium tartrate were added to the BiVO 4 ‐graphene photocatalytic reaction system as electron‐trapping agent and hole‐trapping agent, respectively. The results show that holes play the main role in the degradation of rhodamine B.
Enhancing Wireless Internet Links for Multimedia Services (1998)

Abstract | Wedescribe a novel link layer protocol architecture that aims to enhance the performance of Internet protocols over wireless links, in particular in order to effectively support interactive multimedia applications with varying Quality-of-Service requirements. The degraded performance of these links on the Internet and the inadequacy of existing approaches in overcoming these problems in a protocol independent manner motivate our solution. Our design provides multiple services and performance feedback to higher layers, thus supporting adaptive protocols and applications. In addition, it serves as the basis for Internet evolution towards Quality-of-Service provision, since it can be used to support relevant mechanisms at higher layers, regardless of the underlying hardware. I.
Study for Distributed Video Coding Architectures (2014)

Distributed Video Coding (DVC) is mainly concerning for shifting high computational complexity at encoder of traditional video coding to the decoder. And DVC same with traditional video coding is required by hardware (VLSI) implement. Therefore, in this paper is for current DVC architectures, which are the typical case and easier to hardware (VLSI) implement, as an introduction. In the experimental results, this paper focus on the state-of-the-art DVC (DISCOVER) and the proposed Padding Block Based Distributed Video Coding (PB Based DVC) for comparison. In which the proposed DVC scheme shows better performance than DISCOVER in most video test sequences, and the decoder computational complexity lower than the DISCOVER over hundredfold.
Ammonia Adsorption on Nanostructured Silica Materials for Hydrogen Storage and Other Applications (2008)

Our focus in the present study is to apply high specific surface area silica nanostructured porous materials (about 2,200 m 2 /g, as synthesized, and 600–700 m 2 /g, after stabilization) to adsorb ammonia (NH 3 ) for hydrogen storage and other chemical and pollution abatement applications. We describe here the synthesis, and characterization of these silica materials, and the adsorption study of N 2 and NH 3 . These materials were obtained with the help of a modification of the Stöber-Fink-Bohn (SFB) method. The main change, made here to the SFB method, was the use of amines, i.e., triethylamine as catalysts instead of ammonium hydroxide. The silica materials have been characterized with the help of SEM and FTIR Spectrometry. The N 2 adsorption study was carried out with the help of the Quantachrome-Autosorb-1 and the NH 3 adsorption with the Quantachrome-Autosorb-1-C. The amount of hydrogen adsorbed in the form of NH 3 in the studied silica samples at: P = 760 [Torr] (1.01325×10 5 [ Pa ]), was 2 [wt.%] and the amount of hydrogen stored in the form of NH 3 at about: P = 7500 [Torr] (10.0×10 5 [ Pa ]), in the studied stabilized silica samples was 11 wt.%, a magnitude higher than the goal figure of 6.5 [wt.%] established by the United States of America, Department of Energy.
Rhetorical Question, Summarization Frequency, and Argument Strength Effects on Recall (1988)

Journal Article Rhetorical Question, Summarization Frequency, and Argument Strength Effects on Recall Get access James M. Munch, James M. Munch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John L. Swasy John L. Swasy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Consumer Research, Volume 15, Issue 1, June 1988, Pages 69–76, https://doi.org/10.1086/209146 Published: 01 June 1988 Article history Received: 01 May 1985 Revision received: 01 November 1987 Published: 01 June 1988
20-GHz bandwidth GaAs photodiode (1983)

A high-speed GaAs Schottky barrier photodiode with 3-dB bandwidth of 20 GHz, an external quantum efficiency at 600 and 845 nm of ≥25%, and operating at less than 5-V reverse bias is reported. Accurate characterization of these devices in both the time and the frequency domains is discussed.
The Older Patient (2015)

Abstract With the aging of the population and cancer as the second leading cause of death, it is imperativeto understand cancer in the elderly and how to ensure optimal treatment and care to support quality of life. Given this growing population, an understanding of theunique facets related to aging will ensure the provision of high-quality cancer care. The psychosocial support for older adults considers the comorbid conditions, the cancer, the cancer treatment, and side effects. A detailed comprehensive geriatric assessment is critical to identify needs for individual patient-centered care. From that point, the psychosocial areas can be used to plan care. This chapter outlines those psychosocial areas to be considered for the older adult. Some of the areas are common for all ages, but other areas of psychosocial care are specific to the older patient. Psychosocial interventions are then described.