gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The effect of hemidecortication on the inhibitory interactions in the superior colliculus of the cat (1979)

Single neurons were recorded extracellularly from the superficial layers of the superior colliculus (SC) in 21 curarized cats. Four animals were normal unoperated cats, 17 were animals in which all cortical visual areas were ablated on one side from 7 to 69 days before the electrophysiological experiments. After cortical ablation all animals were blind in the visual field contralateral to the ablated side. In both normal and hemianopsic cats the effect of a visual stimulus located very far from the excitatory part of the unit receptive field, on the neuron responses to visual stimuli was studied. The remote stimulus (extra-field stimulus) was a hand moved black spot 10 degrees in diameter. In normal animals the introduction of the extra-field stimulus in the hemifield contralateral or ipsilateral to the recorded SC produced a marked reduction of unit responses to visual stimuli presented in their receptive field. This effect was particularly strong when the extra-field stimuli were introduced in the hemifield contralateral to the recorded side. In the hemianopsic animals the neurons of the SC ipsilateral to the lesion (receptive fields in the behaviorally blind hemifield) responded well to visual stimuli, but were only weakly inhibited by the extra-field stimuli presented in the blind hemifield. The neurons of this colliculus with the exception of those in the upper part of stratum griseum superficiale were normally inhibited by stimuli presented in the normal hemifield. The neurons of the SC contralateral to the lesion responded well to visual stimuli and were normally inhibited by stimuli presented in the normal hemifield; they were virtually not affected by stimuli presented in the blind hemifield. Mechanisms responsible for the abnormal inhibitory interactions between and within colliculi after cortical lesions and the possible behavioral implications of the findings are discussed.
Polymorphs of oxotitanium phthalocyanine exhibiting large third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (1993)

Metallophthalocyanines have been considered valuable materials for the development of nonlinear optical devices because of their versatility, architectural flexibility, exceptionally high environmental stability, and ease of processing and fabrication. Furthermore physical properties of metallophthalocyanines can be tailored over a wide range either by inclusion of a variety of central metal atoms or by substituting peripheral functionalities at the ring. Phthalocyanine ring has a two-dimensional conjugated π-electron system and the magnitude of third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ (3) varies by several orders depending on the metal atom substitution. 1-7 Recently polymorphs of oxotitanium phthalocyanine (TiOPc) have been utilized in developing photoreceptor devices 8-10 and their photoconductivities were found to vary remarkably depending on the crystal structures. With same view, we selected to investigate the third-order nonlinear optical properties of different polymorphs of TiOPc. This report discusses a systematic study of the third-order nonlinear optical properties of amorphous, α, β, and Y polymorphs of oxotitanium phthalocyanine.
Acid-Soluble Nucleotides of Pinto Bean Leaves at Different Stages of Development (1969)

Acid-soluble nucleotides of unifoliate leaves of Pinto bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were determined at young, mature, and senescent stages of development. At least 25 components could be distinguished on the basis of inorganic phosphorus determinations and 37 or more fractions on the basis of (32)P labeling, with adenosine di- and triphosphates accounting for 60% of the total moles of nucleotide. The total nucleotide P and inorganic P, on a fresh weight basis, decreased about 44% between each stage of leaf development, but decrements in the levels of individual nucleotides varied from this over-all pattern.Minor changes in the relative abundance of the individual nucleotides accompanied aging although the percentage of purine-containing nucleotides decreased with age. Total (32)P activity per leaf in the nucleotide pool increased about 3-fold between the young and mature leaves and decreased slightly as leaves became senescent. In general, the specific activities of the nucleotides increased with increased age and adenosine-, guanosine-, uridine-, and cytidine triphosphates and adenosine diphosphate accounted for approximately 90% of the total activity. The changes in the relative sizes and energy status of the nucleotide pools were not so obvious as the changes in other metabolites that have been reported to accompany aging in leaf tissue.
Long-Term Mixed Donor-Donor Chimerism After Double Cord Blood Transplantation: Advantageous? (2010)

Double cord blood transplantation (DCBT) with two partially matched cord blood units has successfully been implemented to circumvent limitations of graft cell dose. After DCBT sustained hematopoiesis is derived almost exclusively from only one of the donated units. Nonetheless, we previously observed two of six evaluable DCBT patients having mixed donor-donor chimerism still at 28 and 45 months post-transplantation, respectively. In the present study we utilize flow cytometry techniques for the first ever deep analysis of phenotype and functionality of CB units in patients with mixed donor-donor chimerism. Our results suggest that the two stable CB units are phenotypically and functionally different: One unit with more naïve T cells, lower cytokine production and higher frequencies of NK cells, and one with higher frequencies of well differentiated and functional lymphocytes. Additionally, in comparison to control patients with a single prevailing CB unit, the patients with donor-donor chimerism exhibit less overall cytokine production and a smaller fraction of memory T cells. Furthermore, our results indicate that HLA C match of donor units may partly explain the development of a donor-donor mixed chimerism.
Signal perception and transduction, secondary messengers and gene activation in elicitin-triggered HR and SAR in tobacco (1995)

* INRA Antibes Station de botanique et pathologie végétale BP 2078 06606 ANTIBES Cedex France Diffusion du document : INRA Antibes Station de botanique et pathologie végétale BP 2078 06606 ANTIBES Cedex France
Development of Coronary Pulse Wave Velocity: New Pathophysiological Insight Into Coronary Artery Disease (2017)

CoPWV seems associated with acute coronary events more closely than aortic PWV. High coronary compliance, whether per se or because it leads to a distal shift in compliance mismatch, may expose vulnerable plaques to high cyclic stretch. CoPWV is a new tool to assess local compliance at the coronary level; it paves the way for a new field of research.
Ewing sarcoma Family of Tumors in Older Patients (EFyTOP): Management and outcome of Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (EFTs) in patients older than 50 years. (2016)

11023 Background: Ewing’s sarcoma family of tumorsis a group of rare and aggressive tumors. Data on tumor, clinical presentation and treatment in patients (pts) older than 50 years are limited. Outcomes of older pts with EFTs have been reported to be worse than in pediatric population in some studies but with discordant results. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis among centers of affiliated with the French Sarcoma Group (GSF-GETO) focusing on pts diagnosed with EFTs at age ≥ 50 between 2000 and 2012. Clinical features, treatment modality and outcomes were recorded and analyzed. Results: 77 pts were identified. There were 36 females (47%) and themedian age at diagnosis was 56 years (range: 50-86). The primary tumor was located in the soft tissue in 59 pts (76.6%) and in the bone in 18 (23.4%). 56 pts (72.8%) had localized disease whereas 21 (27.2%) presented with metastases at diagnosis. Median follow-up was 71 months (m) and median overall survival (OS) was 92.8 m for the whole cohort. Among 56 pts with localized disease, 50 (87.7%) received chemotherapy (CT) in addition to local therapy (surgery in 19 pts, surgery and RT in 37 pts and RT only in 7 pts), and among these, CT was considered intensive in 36 pts (63%). For patients with localized disease, the estimated 3-year OS and relapse free survival (RFS) rates were respectively 73.3% and 62.2%. Recurrence occurred in 43 pts, with a median time to recurrence of 18.2 m. Recurrences were most often metastatic only (62.7%), followed by local only (23%). Recurrence site was lung for 16 pts (37.2%) and bone for 9 pts (20.9%). Median post-recurrence survival was 9.5 m. In univariate analysis only high LDH were marginally associated with worse overall survival in patient with localized disease. All pts with metastatic disease at presentation received CT, their estimated 3-year OS rate was 37%. Conclusions: EFTs characteristics in patients ≥ 50 years differ from the pediatric population: they had more likely soft tissue primary tumor and metastatic disease. The outcomes were worse than in younger pts but could be partially explained by less intensive therapy. The management of Ewing sarcoma in adult pts remains to be defined.
The Ancient Greek export drive: motives and instincts (2012)

Between 900 bc and 100 bc the inhabitants of classical Greece wrote speeches, verse and books, and travelled about the Mediterranean exporting oil and wine in large earthenware jars. Both activities have been studied in sufficient detail by classicists and archaeologists to enable a psychologist specialising in human motivation to link the rise and fall of Greek fortunes to the ambitions of Greeks of each period, which ambitions in turn were shaped by what they read. During those eight centuries Ancient Greek civilisation developed to a peak in the Golden Age of 475 to 362 bc, then declined. The area of the Mediterranean to which Greek oil and wine jars were exported, to be discovered and dated by modern archaeologists, similarly grew to a peak in the fifth century bc, then declined, as Roman influence increased. Themes of winning or doing well, concern for success, or unique achievements (such as inventing the sailing ship) were coded from six selected classes of writing, including funeral orations, war speeches, and books on farm management. Such themes were most frequent in the period of growth, and thereafter declined steadily through the Golden Age and the period of decline. Placing the two measures on a common timescale (Figure 8.1) McClelland (1961) concluded that achievement themesin Greek literature preceded and, in part, caused the changes in exports. The emphasis on achievement in the writings of the early period produced generations of Greeks who traded further and further afield. But while the Greeks of the fifth century were selling wine and oil over an area of 3.4 million square miles, Greek youth back home were reading literature with fewer mentions of achievement, which was to cause them and future generations to go into the decline of 362 to 100 bc. The lag is significant, for it suggests cause and effect. A simple positive correlation between literary themes and exports would not prove much, for spurious correlations, based on general economic climate, are notoriously easy to demonstrate.
<title>Subsurface profile refinement for neutron specular reflectivity (Invited Paper)</title> (1992)

The importance of modeling in the analysis of neutron and x-ray reflectivity data cannot be overstated. For specular reflectivity, the theory is straightforward and one merely needs a flexible pattern for constructing density profiles. We will describe the parameters used in and the limitations of such models.
Extracellular Matrix: A Solid‐State Regulator of Cell form, Function, and Tissue Development (1997)

The sections in this article are: 1 Extracellular Matrix: Composition and Structure 2 Extracellular Matrix and Tissue Architecture 3 Functions of the Extracellular Matrix 3.1 Physiological Cell Attachment Foundation 3.2 Spatial Organizer of Polarized Epithelium 3.3 Solid-State Growth Regulator 3.4 Inducer of Differentiation 3.5 Tissue Boundary 3.6 Storage Site for Soluble Regulators 3.7 Scaffolding for Orderly Tissue Renewal and Repair 3.8 Target for Deregulation during Tumor Formation and Invasion 4 Transmembrane Signaling Across Matrix Receptors 4.1 Cell Surface Matrix Receptors 4.2 Chemical Signaling 4.3 Mechanical Signaling 4.4 Signal Integration 5 conclusion5 Conclusions
First-principles study of Si 2<i>p</i> core-level shifts at water and hydrogen covered Si(001)2×1 surfaces (1996)

Using a first-principles approach, we study Si 2p core-level shifts at water and hydrogen covered Si(001)2×1 surfaces. After allowing for full relaxation of the surface structures, core-level shifts are calculated including core-hole relaxation effects. We find that dissociated water on the Si(001)2×1 surface induces a core-level shift of 1.1 eV to higher binding energies, in good agreement with experiment. In the case of the hydrogen terminated Si(001)2×1 surface, calculated surface shifts are small (about 0.2 eV) and comparable to shifts of subsurface Si atoms.
Notizen: A High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer Using Laser Resonance Ionization (1985)

A resonance ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer is presented and mass spectra are shown which demonstrate its analytical capability, i.e. the possibility of soft and hard ionization, the wavelength selectivity and the mass resolution of 6500 (50% valley) at mass 96, which is expected to increase much more at higher masses.
Polymer coatings that display specific biological signals while preventing nonspecific interactions (2011)

Control over cell-material surface interactions is the key to many new and improved biomedical devices. It can only be achieved if interactions that are mediated by nonspecifically adsorbed serum proteins are minimized and if cells instead respond to specific ligand molecules presented on the surface. Here, we present a simple yet effective surface modification method that allows for the covalent coupling and presentation of specific biological signals on coatings which have significantly reduced nonspecific biointerfacial interactions. To achieve this we synthesized bottle brush type copolymers consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate and (meth)acrylates providing activated NHS ester groups as well as different spacer lengths between the NHS groups and the polymer backbone. Copolymers containing different molar ratios of these monomers were grafted to amine functionalized polystyrene cell culture substrates, followed by the covalent immobilization of the cyclic peptides cRGDfK and cRADfK using residual NHS groups. Polymers were characterized by GPC and NMR and surface modification steps were analyzed using XPS. The cellular response was evaluated using HeLa cell attachment experiments. The results showed strong correlations between the effectiveness of the control over biointerfacial interactions and the polymer architecture. They also demonstrate that optimized fully synthetic copolymer coatings, which can be applied to a wide range of substrate materials, provide excellent control over biointerfacial interactions.
Integrating chemical and biological remediation of atrazine and <i>S</i>-triazine-containing pesticide wastes (1996)

Abstract Fenton's reagent (FR) and the catabolic activity of Rhodococcus corallinus and Pseudomonas sp. strain D were combined to detoxify s-triazines in pure solutions and mixed wastes. In solutions containing only atrazine, complete atrazine decomposition was accomplished with 2.69 mM FR. But FR treatment was not complete in a remediation context because stable, potentially carcinogenic chlorinated products accumulated as end products. Rhodococcus corallinus degraded these products in ≤10 min and produced 47% 14CO2 from [2,4,6-14C]atrazine in 7 d. Combining R. corallinus with Pseudomonas sp. strain D increased 14CO2 production to 73%. When applied to a pesticide rinse water containing atrazine, cyanazine, alachlor, metolachlor, and EPTC, ≥99% of the pesticides were degraded with 12.2 mM FR. Subsequent treatment with R. corallinus and Pseudomonas sp. strain D degraded all chlorinated s-triazine intermediates and released 70% 14CO2 from a [2,4,6-14C]atrazine tracer in 10 d. Use of R. corallinus obviated the need for additional chemical pretreatment, e.g., acidification or base hydrolysis, used in previous studies prior to microbial incubations. Thus, this method has potential as an on-site treatment for pesticide rinse water.
Optogenetic stimulation of C1 neurons activates breathing in mice (2012)

The C1 neurons regulate sympathetic tone and blood pressure, contribute to glucose homeostasis and regulate the CRF/ACTH/glucocorticoid cascade. Here, we tested whether the C1 cells also regulate respiration. We used a mouse line in which the Cre recombinase is expressed by dopamine‐beta hydroxylase synthesizing neurons. A Cre‐dependent AAV2 that expresses ChR2‐mCherry under promoter ef1‐alpha was injected unilaterally into the C1 region. The transgene was exclusively expressed by C1 neurons (>98% co‐localization with TH‐ir somata). We found that mouse C1 neurons express VGLUT2. Their projections were indistinguishable from those of the rat and included several regions involved in breathing regulation (pre‐Botzinger complex, retrotrapezoid nucleus, dorsal parabrachial and locus coeruleus). Photostimulation of the ChR2‐expressing C1 neurons with 473nm laser light (30 s; 5–20Hz; 1–10 ms pulses) increased diaphragm EMG frequency and/or amplitude in anesthetized mice (N=7) and increased breathing frequency in unanesthetized mice (N=7; plethysmography). These observations indicate that the C1 neurons have reciprocal connections with the respiratory network. They imply that breathing stimulation elicited by hypotension (barorespiratory reflex), carotid body stimulation, central hypoxia and nociception could also be partially relayed via C1 neurons. Support: HL 028785.
Variations of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated gene in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia lack substantial impact on progression-free survival and overall survival: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B study (2012)

The impact of mutation of the ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) gene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treatment outcome has not been examined. We studied ATM mutations in 73 patients treated with fludarabine and rituximab. ATM gene mutation analysis was performed using temperature gradient capillary electrophoresis. The impact of detected variants on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was tested with proportional hazards models. None of the 73 patients demonstrated truncating ATM mutations; 17 (23%, 95% confidence interval 14-35%) had non-silent variants (ATM-NSVs), including 13 known ATM polymorphisms and four missense variants. ATM-NSVs were not significantly associated with any baseline characteristics including immunoglobulin heavy chain variable gene (IGVH) status. In multivariable models, no significant differences in complete response (p =0.70), PFS (p =0.59) or OS (p =0.13) were observed. Our data indicate that truncating ATM mutations are rare in patients with CLL. Furthermore, in this dataset, these non-silent variants had limited impact on PFS and OS.
Genetic mapping of a mutation affecting pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase in Escherichia coli (1979)

A mutation, pnt-1, causing loss of pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase activity in Escherichia coli, was mapped by assaying for the enzyme in extracts of recombinant strains produced by conjugation, F-duction, and P1 transduction. The site of this mutation was near min 35, counterclockwise from man, and it co-transduced 59% with man. The mutation was associated with loss from the cell membrane fraction of energy-independent and adenosine 5'-triphosphate-dependent transhydrogenase activities, but reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase activity was not affected. Strains were constructed which lack phosphoglucoisomerase (pgi-2) and which carry either pnt+ or pnt-1. Although such strains, when grown on glucose, are expected to produce a large excess of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, the growth rate was not affected by the pnt-1 allele.
Nanoscale tailored plasmonic material for optimum broadband solar harvesting (2016)

Is it possible to design a dedicated nanostructure on which all surface features contribute entirely to energy harvesting within a solar cell? This is an important challenge in the light that the efficiency of the solar cell technology utilised has a direct impact on the required land-use and also on reaching grid parity. Here, we take a unique approach and present an analytically derived optimum solution to the problem: a nanoscale metal topography, capable of significantly improving the efficiency of solid state solar cells via excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). The presented structure is designed to achieve broadband excitation of SPPs through the highest possible density of desired k-vectors at the interface. This leads to high weighted absorption enhancements (>130%) and unprecedented improvements (>30%) of solar cell external quantum efficiencies over the entire harvestable range.
Simple Polar-Loop Transmitter for Dual-Mode Bluetooth (2005)

A dual-mode transmitter for conventional GFSK-modulated Bluetooth and medium-rate /spl pi//4-DQPSK-modulated Bluetooth has been realized using a simple polar-loop method without feedback control from the output of the power amplifier. Phase modulation is performed by two-point modulation with extremely wide bandwidth, and fast power-efficient amplitude modulation utilizes a PWM DC-DC converter which controls the supply voltage of a class-E saturated power amplifier. The simulation has confirmed an output power above 10 dBm, a total power efficiency above 30% and RMS DEVM of 0.050. The proposed transmitter enables a low-cost, low-power single-chip RF-IC for the next-generation Bluetooth communication.
Design of chaotic binary sequences with good statistical properties based on piecewise linear into maps (2003)

This paper shows design of chaotic binary sequences with good statistical properties based on one-dimensional piecewise linear maps. Such chaotic binary sequences are shown to be balanced and i.i.d. (independent and identically distributed). We also realize such sequences by an analog circuit using switched-current (SI) techniques. The statistical properties of the sequences generated by such an analog circuit are also investigated by SPICE simulations.
The effect of high polaron concentration on the polaron transport in NbO<sub>2.5-x</sub>: optical and electrical properties (1988)

The electrical conductivity and optical absorption of NbO2.5-x (0.005<x<0.08) are described by polaron ground states. Correlated hopping and polaronic absorption of weakly disordered systems are observed in the regime of low carrier concentration (x<0.05). Bipolarons and single polarons are both stable in this regime. At higher carrier concentrations, quasi-metallic conductivity and saturated polaron concentrations are described as being due to the superposition of polaron groundstates and quasi-free electrons. The saturation concentration yields a critical distance of about 10 AA between polarons. The threshold value of x=0.05 is related to the geometrical properties of the NbO2.5-x structures.