gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fiber amplifier utilizing an Yb-doped large-mode-area fiber with confined doping and tailored refractive index profile (2010)

Power scaling of Yb-doped large-mode-area fibers drives the scaling of the mode area in order to suppress nonlinearities. Two Yb-doped large-mode-area fibers were manufactured using the Direct Nanoparticle Deposition process: one with a step refractive index profile and active ion confinement, and another with a tailored refractive index and active ion confinement. The index tailoring and doping profiles were designed based on literature to enhance the beam quality of the fibers. Both fibers exhibited a mode field diameter comparable to a 40μm step index fiber with 0.07 NA. The fibers were characterized for their geometries, index profiles, and material composition profiles. Additional testing for beam quality and nonlinearities in pulsed operation was conducted using a power amplifier setup. The beam quality enhancement capability of the tested fibers was inconclusive due to incomparable launching conditions of the signal to the fibers.
Calcium/calmodulin activation of two divergent glutamate decarboxylases from tobacco (2003)

Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD, EC 4.1.1.15) catalyses the alpha-decarboxylation of glutamate to produce gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA). The nucleotide sequences of two divergent GADs (designated GAD1 and GAD3) were isolated from a Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Samsun NN leaf cDNA library. Open reading frames indicated that GAD1 encodes a polypeptide of 496 amino acids and has greater than 99% identity with known tobacco GADs, whereas GAD3 encodes a polypeptide of 491 amino acids and has about 14% divergence from known tobacco GADs. Genomic DNA analysis suggested that there are at least four tobacco GAD genes, existing in pairs of highly identical genes. An in vitro assay at pH 7.3 revealed that activities of the recombinant proteins, after isolation from Escherichia coli and partial purification by nickel-affinity chromatography, are 57-133 times the control levels in the presence of 0.5 mM calcium and 0.2 micro M bovine calmodulin.
Conférence Invitée / Invited Talk Usability and Usefulness (2006)

Je présenterai un des thèmes majeurs de notre travail au Cork Constraint Computation Centre (4C), qui rend la programmation par contraintes plus facile à utiliser, autant pour les développeurs que pour les utilisateurs finaux. Je ferai également des démonstrations d'applications développées à 4C.
Therapeutic Hypothermia for Refractory Status Epilepticus in a Child with Malignant Migrating Partial Seizures of Infancy and <i>SCN1A</i> Mutation: A Case Report (2012)

Status epilepticus (SE) is a common indication for neurocritical care and can be refractory to standard measures. Refractory SE (RSE) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Unconventional therapies may be utilized in certain cases, including therapeutic hypothermia (TH), bumetanide, and the ketogenic diet. However, the literature describing the use of such therapies in RSE is limited. Details of a case of TH for RSE in an infant with malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy were obtained from the medical record. A 4-month-old child developed SE that was refractory to treatment with concurrent midazolam, phenobarbital, fosphenytoin, topiramate, levetiracetam, folinic acid, and pyridoxal-5-phosphate. This led to progressive implementation of three unconventional therapies: TH, bumetanide, and the ketogentic diet. Electrographic seizures ceased for the entirety of a 43-hour period of TH with a target rectal temperature of 33.0°C–34.0°C. No adverse effects of hypothermia were noted other than a single episode of asymptomatic hypokalemia. Seizures recurred 10 hours after rewarming was begun and did not abate with reinstitution of hypothermia. No effect was seen with administration of bumetanide. Seizures were controlled long-term within 48 hours of institution of the ketogenic diet. TH and the ketogenic diet may be effective for treating RSE in children.
Relational instance-based learning (1996)

A relational instance-based learning algorithm, called Ribl, is motivated and developed in this paper. We argue that instancebased methods o#er solutions to the often unsatisfactory behavior of current inductive logic programming #ILP# approaches in domains with continuous attribute values and in domains with noisy attributes and#or examples. Three research issues that emerge when a propositional instance-based learner is adapted to a #rst-order representation are identi#ed: #1# construction of cases from the knowledge base, #2# computation of similaritybetween arbitrarily complex cases, and #3# estimation of the relevance of predicates and attributes. Solutions to these issues are developed. Empirical results indicate that Ribl is able to achieve high classi#cation accuracy in a variety of domains. to appear in: Proc. 13th International Conference on Machine Learning, L. Saitta #ed.#, Morgan Kaufmann, 1996 1 Introduction The #eld of Inductive Logic Programming ...
Determination and Physiologic Disposition of Meprobamate. (1957)

(1) A specific method for the determination of meprobamate in urine is described. (2) Metabolic studies indicate that about 12 to 20 percent of the unchanged drug is slowly excreted in the urine in 48 hours and that additional products are formed, including several conjugates at least one of which is a glucuronide. (3) Radioactive meprobamate has been prepared and metabolic studies have been performed. The liver is the principal site of metabolic alteration.
Effects of LED and LD at Different Wavelengths on the Growth and Flowering of Roses (2005)

We cultured rose tissues under irradiation of LED and LD at different wavelengths, and examined their effects on the growth and flowering of roses. As a result, flower-bud differentiation was rarely observed under irradiation of red (660 nm) and green (517 nm) LED, but it was enhanced by irradiation of blue (465 nm) and bluegreen (502 nm) LED. In particular, flowering was observed in 76% of the samples irradiated with blue-green LED, which was the highest flowering rate. However, flowering occurred earlier by irradiation of blue LED than by that of blue-green LED, and the flowering position (node position) was lower by the former irradiation than by the latter irradiation. The irradiation of LD (445 nm) demonstrated a higher flowering rate and earlier flowering than the irradiation of LED, but the growth rate was lower by the former irradiation than by the latter irradiation. This may be because there are photoreceptors that absorb blue to blue-green light and induce flower-bud formation. Since the wavelength width of LD is smaller than that of LED, energy for the increase in the growth rate may have been suppressed, and used for the reproductive growth, resulting in the enhancement of flowering.
An exact small-signal analysis of the interaction of two electron streams in a finite longitudinal magnetic field (1969)

Using the mathematical field analysis of a companion paper in this issue, solutions are found for the wave interactions occurring in several different configurations of drifting electron beams in a longitudinal magnetic field. First, wave interactions are found for both single and double beams of infinite extent. Next, single and double beams completely filling a cylindrical waveguide are analyzed. Finally, examination is made of single and double beams which only partially fill the waveguide. The resulting wave interactions are described with ω-β (dispersion) diagrams. Since only the small-signal approximation is made, space-charge waves, cyclotron waves, and waveguide waves are all present in this analysis.
Radar Frequency Modulations for Accelerating Targets under a Bandwidth Constraint (1965)

An optimum frequency modulation for estimating the range, range rate, and range acceleration of a moving target is derived. The criterion of optimality is based on the estimate variances which are evaluated under the following assumptions: 1) additive white Gaussian observation noise, 2) high signal-to-noise ratio, 3) maximum-likelihood processing (matched filters), 4) RF phase used only for the range rate and range acceleration, and 5) carrier frequency much larger than the signal bandwidth. The choice of frequency modulation is constrained by the bandwidth of the transmitted signal. A large time-bandwidth product is assumed. The optimum frequency modulation consists of three appropriately placed frequency jumps between the limits imposed by the bandwidth constraint. This optimum modulation is compared with a third degree, power law modulation. The derivation of the optimum, originally done using Pontryagin's Maximum Principle, leads to the following very simple design principle; the optimum modulation is orthogonal to the target's motion.
TESTS BUILT FROM PIAGET'S AND GESELL'S TASKS AS PREDICTORS OF FIRST-GRADE ACHIEVEMENT (1972)

KAUFMAN, ALAN S., and KAUFMAN, NADEEN L. Tests Built from Piaget's and Gesell's Tasks as Predictors of First-Grade Achievement. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1972, 43, 521-535. 80 children who were tested in kindergarten on the Gesell School Readiness Tests, a battery built from Piaget's tasks and the Lorge-Thorndike Intelligence Tests, were given the Stanford Achievement Test at the end of first grade. The tests were found to be excellent predictors of achievement: the Piaget and Gesell batteries each correlated .64 with SAT Composite; Lorge-Thorndike MA correlated .58. A measure of kindergarten teething level proved to be a poor predictor of achievement. The results offer empirical support to Ilg and Ames's claim that the Gesell battery is an excellent predictor of school readiness.
CYTOKINE INDUCIBLE MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE EXPRESSION IN (1998)

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to determine if an immortalized mammalian chondrocyte cell line had a profile of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression that was consistent with what has been reported for primary chondrocytes in vitro and in vivo. A combination of zymography, Western, and Northern analysis was used to examine the expression of MMPs that are relevant to cartilage degradation. Both interleukin-lp and tumor necrosis factor ct induced a 4- to 9-fold increase in the level of MMP-9 expression in conditioned media, and a 17- to 24-fold increase in MMP-3 mRNA. Other compounds such as basic fibroblast growth factor and staurosporine each increased MMP-9 expression individually and potentiated the effects of the two cytokines. Transforming growth factor 3 had no positive or inhibitory effects. N-methyl arginine blocked the increase in nitric oxide observed following treatment with the cytokines but did not prevent the increased expression of MMPs. The pattern of metalloproteinase expression observed in IRC cells and the response to cytokines is very similar to what has been reported during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. The IRC cells should be useful as a model system to study basic mechanisms controlling chondrocyte MMP expression and to identify pharmacological modulators of this process.
Controlled release of aminophylline from poly (<i>N</i>‐isopropylacrylamide‐<i>co</i>‐itaconic acid) hydrogels (2001)

Abstract N ‐Isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) has been copolymerized with itaconic acid (IA) in the presence of N,N ‐methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) as crosslinker. The swelling capacity and the release rate of aminophylline at 37 °C are reported. Maximum equilibrium swelling increases as the itaconic acid content in the hydrogel increases. The experimental data suggest clearly that the swelling process obeys second‐order kinetics. According to this, the kinetic constant, k , and the maximum equilibrium swelling, W ∞ , have been calculated. Drug release from fully swollen hydrogels follows Fick's law closely, but deviates from it for xerogels. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
ITS strategic test plan : revision 1.0. (2004)

This test plan describes the testing strategy for the ITS (Integrated-TIGER-Series) suite of codes. The processes and procedures for performing both verification and validation tests are described. ITS Version 5.0 was developed under the NNSA's ASC program and supports Sandia's stockpile stewardship mission.
Monitoring a Preexisting Landslide during Reservoir Filling (2005)

Reservoir slope instability is a geological hazard induced by filling a reservoir and is generally believed to be caused mainly by unfavorable changes in the hydrodynamic condition in the slope during reservoir filling and/or operation. Although many cases of reservoir slope instability have been reported, very few field instrumentation data exist describing how the hydrodynamic condition changes and relates to landslide reactivation. Taking the opportunity of filling the Three Gorges Reservoir, a monitoring system was implemented to monitor the hydrodynamic and deformation response of a preexisting landslide, the Xietan landslide in Zigui County, Hubei Province, China. The monitoring items included reservoir level, water level in boreholes, pore water pressure, rainfall precipitation and deformation of borehole using inclinometers. The results indicate that there exist two phreatic surfaces in the slope before reservoir filling, the upper one is at around the top surface of the slip band and the lower one is in the bedrock. The less permeable slip band and sliding-disturbed zone constitute the relatively impermeable layer between the two surfaces. The stabilization effect of the reverse seepage during reservoir filling is temporary and limited. Reservoir filling is the main cause of reactivation.
Branched-chain fatty acids. XXV. Methods of synthesis of 2-alkenoic acids (1953)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTBranched-chain fatty acids. XXV. Methods of synthesis of 2-alkenoic acidsJames. Cason, Norman L. Allinger, and Gene. SumrellCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1953, 18, 7, 850–856Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1953Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1953https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo50013a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo50013a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
STIMULATION OF GROWTH HORMONE RELEASE FROM SUPERFUSED RAT PITUITARY BY EXTRACTS OF HYPOTHALAMUS AND OF HUMAN LUNG TUMOURS (1973)

SUMMARY The paradoxical plasma growth hormone (GH) responses to oral glucose in certain patients with lung cancer prompted an examination of tumour extracts for GH releasing activity. Exposure of superfused rat pituitary to pulses (30 s) of aminophylline and to extracts from rat, sheep and human hypothalami resulted in a rapid and short-lived release of immunoreactive rat GH into the medium. Fresh extracts from five lung tumours, and from the surrounding lung tissue of four of these tumours significantly stimulated the release of GH, while extracts of a metastatic chondrosarcoma and normal rat lung were inactive. Gel filtration experiments suggested that the releasing activity in rat, sheep and human hypothalamic tissue and in human lung tumour extracts was present in at least two molecular species of different sizes.
High-power target development for accelerator-based neutron capture therapy (2002)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 2002.
From Computer Simulations Meeting Review to Human Disease: Emerging Themes in Protein Folding (1999)

United Kingdom Ever since the foundations of protein folding were laidmore than 30 years ago, the importance of bringingUnderstanding how a protein molecule finds its unique togethertheoreticalcalculationsandexperimentalstud-functional three-dimensional structure following its syn- ies has been apparent. Thus, the protein folding fieldthesis on the ribosome is a question that has intrigued was initiated by the inspirational experiments of Anfin-scientists for decades (Anfinsen, 1973). Not only will a sen (who demonstrated that all the information neededsolution to the folding problem complete our knowledge toguideaproteintoitscorrect,biologicallyactivestruc-of the series of events that link a gene sequence and tureishiddenwithinthesequenceofaminoacids[Anfin-the three-dimensional structure of a protein, but it could sen,1973])andthesimple,butthought-provokingcalcu-also play a key role in fine tuning structure prediction lations of Levinthal (1968) (who suggested that foldingalgorithms and open the door to the rational design of occurs along specific pathways rather than by a randomcompletely novel protein molecules. In addition, it is search). In the early 1980s attempts to elucidate foldingnowbecomingclearthatanappreciationofproteinfold- mechanismswereseverelylimitedbythelackofsuitableing has far-reaching consequences in biology, embrac- protein systems for study and the absence of experi-ing topics such as macromolecular recognition, protein mental methods appropriate to the study of a proteintrafficking,theregulationofthecellcycle,diseasessuch as it folds. The limitations of computational methods,as the amyloidoses and cancer, cell invasion, and mem- including the limited quantitative understanding of thebrane fusion. Major progress in understanding protein forces determining molecular interactions (force fields)folding in its widest context is now resulting as a conse- and the lack of the computer power necessary to simu-quence of individuals from a wide range of disciplines late events over a biologically significant timescalejoining forces to address key issues in the field. To this (most small proteins fold in less than a second), alsoend a group of more than 70 scientists recently met ruled out a solution of the folding problem from theoreti-(in December 1998) for a three-day meeting to discuss cal approaches (Karplus, 1997).progress in this endeavor. The meeting was organized Experimentalmethodscapableofmonitoringthefold-by Alan Fersht, Luis Serrano, and Manuel Rico and was ing of proteins in real time began to emerge in the lateheld in the beautiful surroundings of the Instituto Juan 1980s and techniques such as stopped flow circularMarch de Estudios e Investigaciones in Madrid. In this dichroism (which monitors the evolution of secondary
Spent fuel sabotage aerosol test program :FY 2005-06 testing and aerosol data summary. (2006)

This multinational, multi-phase spent fuel sabotage test program is quantifying the aerosol particles produced when the products of a high energy density device (HEDD) interact with and explosively particulate test rodlets that contain pellets of either surrogate materials or actual spent fuel. This program has been underway for several years. This program provides source-term data that are relevant to some sabotage scenarios in relation to spent fuel transport and storage casks, and associated risk assessments. This document focuses on an updated description of the test program and test components for all work and plans made, or revised, primarily during FY 2005 and about the first two-thirds of FY 2006. It also serves as a program status report as of the end of May 2006. We provide details on the significant findings on aerosol results and observations from the recently completed Phase 2 surrogate material tests using cerium oxide ceramic pellets in test rodlets plus non-radioactive fission product dopants. Results include: respirable fractions produced; amounts, nuclide content, and produced particle size distributions and morphology; status on determination of the spent fuel ratio, SFR (the ratio of respirable particles from real spent fuel/respirables from surrogate spent fuel, measured under closely matched test conditions, in a contained test chamber); and, measurements of enhanced volatile fission product species sorption onto respirable particles. We discuss progress and results for the first three, recently performed Phase 3 tests using depleted uranium oxide, DUO{sub 2}, test rodlets. We will also review the status of preparations and the final Phase 4 tests in this program, using short rodlets containing actual spent fuel from U.S. PWR reactors, with both high- and lower-burnup fuel. These data plus testing results and design are tailored to support and guide, follow-on computer modeling of aerosol dispersal hazards and radiological consequence assessments. This spent fuel sabotage--aerosol test program, performed primarily at Sandia National Laboratories, with support provided by both the U.S. Department of Energy and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, had significant inputs from, and is strongly supported and coordinated by both the U.S. and international program participants in Germany, France, and the U.K., as part of the international Working Group for Sabotage Concerns of Transport and Storage Casks, WGSTSC.
Properties of the one- and two-component electron-hole liquid in stressed Si at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>T</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn><mml:mn/></mml:math> (1980)

We present a calculation of the $T=0$ properties of the two-component electron-hole liquid (EHL) in 001>-stressed Si, of the EHL in the equilibrium limit in 001>-stressed Si, and of the EHL in 111>-stressed Si. We conclude that a phase separation of the two-component EHL such as that which we have predicted to occur in 111>-stressed Ge is much less likely to occur in 001>-stressed Si. We also discuss the available experimental data for 111>-stressed Si and 001>-stressed Si in the equilibrium limit.
Structural Properties of (GaAs)<sub>1-x</sub>(Si<sub>2</sub>)<sub>x</sub> Layers on GaAs(100) Substrates Grown by Migration-Enhanced Epitaxy (1991)

Epitaxial (GaAs) 1- x (Si 2 ) x alloy layers (0< x <0.25) were grown on GaAs (100) substrates using Migration-Enhanced Epitaxy. Structural and compositional analysis of the as-grown (GaAs) 1- x (Si 2 ) x layers indicated single-crystal zincblende structure with no evidence of phase separation throughout the entire compositional range. The lattice constant a 0 of the alloys was found to decrease linearly with increasing Si content from 0.56543 nm at x =0 to 0.5601 nm at x =0.25. Double crystal X-ray rocking curve measurements and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy studies made on a 10 period (GaAs) 0.80 (Si 2 ) 0.20 /GaAs strained-layer superlattice indicated sharp and abrupt interfaces of high crystalline quality.
Enhanced CpG Mutability and Tumorigenesis in MBD4-Deficient Mice (2002)

The mammalian protein MBD4 contains a methyl-CpG binding domain and can enzymatically remove thymine (T) or uracil (U) from a mismatched CpG site in vitro. These properties suggest that MBD4 might function in vivo to minimize the mutability of 5-methylcytosine by removing its deamination product from DNA. We tested this hypothesis by analyzing Mbd4-/- mice and found that the frequency of of C --> T transitions at CpG sites was increased by a factor of three. On a cancer-susceptible Apc(Min/+) background, Mbd4-/- mice showed accelerated tumor formation with CpG --> TpG mutations in the Apc gene. Thus MBD4 suppresses CpG mutability and tumorigenesis in vivo.