gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Active platelet movements on hydrophobic/hydrophilic microdomain-structured surfaces (1998)

The early motion and interaction of platelets on a microdomain-structured block copolymer surface composed of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-styrene were analyzed and compared with those on a compositionally identical random copolymer, homopolymer poly (HEMA) (hydrophilic) and polystyrene (hydrophobic) surfaces. Contacting platelets were quantitatively more active, with motions including rolling, detachment, oscillatory vibration, and change of direction only on the HEMA-St block copolymer surface. Active platelet movements were observed for long time periods (>20 min) on HEMA-St block copolymer surfaces and were distinct from those for inert PSt latex particles on these same surfaces, demonstrating that platelet movements were not due to physical forces such as convection, hydrophobic interactions, or microbrownian movement. To study the cause and mechanism underlying the platelet movements, platelets treated with an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis inhibition, NaN3, or a membrane skeleton-disrupting chemical agent, dibucaine, were also studied on these surfaces. Both treatments reduced platelet movement and demonstrated that platelets in contact with the HEMA-St block copolymer surface require metabolic processes consuming ATP and involve dynamics of their membrane skeleton. These energy-consuming active movements might explain the previously observed lower platelet activation and low thrombogenicity of the HEMA-St block copolymers. Enhanced platelet movements on the HEMA-St block copolymer surface show that the microdomain surface interacts uniquely with platelets to hinder activation and preserve passive platelet function despite surface contact.
Autoimmunity to collagen in adjuvant arthritis of rats. (1980)

Arthritis can be induced in rats by intradermal injection of oil containing bacterial derivatives (adjuvant-induced arthritis) or cartilage collagen (type II collagen-induced arthritis). It was of interest, therefore, to determine whether collagen functions as an autoantigen in rats with adjuvant arthritis. Blood mononuclear cells from the majority of rats with adjuvant arthritis exhibited enhanced thymidine incorporation to homologous types I and II collagens, as well as to purified protein derivative of tuberculin. In contrast, cells from rats remaining nonarthritic after injection of adjuvant did not respond to collagen, although they did react to tuberculin. Similar results were obtained with a radiometric ear assay used to quantify intradermal delayed-type hypersensitivity in vivo. Using passive hemagglutination, autoantibodies to these collagens and their denatured alpha-chains were frequently detected in the sera of rats late in the course of adjuvant arthritis. Rats with inflammation of a hindlimb induced by turpentine did not acquire sensitivity to collagen. These data indicate that autoimmunity to collagen is a common feature of adjuvant- and collagen-induced arthritis, both of which are considered to be mediated by immunologic mechanisms.
ChemInform Abstract: Evaluation of Lewis Acidity of “Naked” Lithium Ion Through Diels—Alder Reaction Catalyzed by Lithium TFPB in Nonpolar Organic Solvents. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
A study of the interaction <i>in vitro</i> between type I collagen and a small dermatan sulphate proteoglycan (1988)

The interaction between a small dermatan sulphate proteoglycan isolated from human uterine cervix and collagen type I from human and rat skin was investigated by collagen-fibrillogenesis experiments. Collagen fibrillogenesis was initiated by elevation of temperature and pH after addition of proteoglycan, chondroitinase-digested proteoglycan or isolated side chains, and monitored by turbidimetry. Collagen-associated and unbound proteoglycan was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after aggregation was complete. (1) The binding of proteoglycan to collagen could be explained by the presence of two mutually non-interacting binding sites, with Ka1 = 1.3 x 10(8) M-1 and Ka2 = 1.3 x 10(6) M-1. The number of binding sites per tropocollagen molecule was n1 = 0.11 and n2 = 1.1. The 0.1 high-affinity binding site per tropocollagen molecule indicates that the strong interaction between proteoglycan and collagen results from a concerted action of tropocollagen molecules in fibrils. Digestion of the proteoglycan with chondroitinase ABC did not affect these binding characteristics. (2) Proteoglycan did not affect the rate of fibrillogenesis, but increased the steady-state A400 by up to 90%. This increase was directly proportional to the saturation of the high-affinity type of binding sites. Neither isolated core protein nor isolated side chains induced a similar high increase in steady-state A400. (3) Electron micrographs showed that the fibril diameter was affected only to a minor extent, if at all, by the proteoglycan, whereas bundles of laterally aligned fibrils were common in the presence of proteoglycan. (4) Results obtained with human and rat collagen were similar.
Crystal structures of [Pb(NO3)6]4? and [Ba(NO3)6]4? salts of 24-pyrimidinium crown 6 {5,12,19,26,33,40-hexaamino-3,10,17,24,31,38-hexamethyl [1.6](1,5)pyrimidiniophane} (1994)

Reflux of thiamin [3-(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium] mononitrate in methanol for 2 h, followed by recrystallization from water, produced single crystals of [L][NO3]6{L = 5,12,19,26,33,40-hexaamino-3,10,17,24,31,38-hexamethyl[1.6](1,5)-pyrimidiniophane or 24-pyrimidinium crown 6}. Addition of a saturated aqueous solution of M(NO3)2(M = Ba or Pb) to a saturated aqueous solution of [L][NO3]6 yielded single crystals of [L][Ba(NO3)6][NO3]2·6H2O and [L][Pb(NO3)6][NO3]2·6H2O respectively. Both compounds crystallize in the trigonal space group R: Ba, a=b= 14.265(3), c= 25.206(9)Å, Z= 3, R= 0.0435, R′= 0.0586, 1169 independent reflections with F > 6.0σ(F); Pb, a=b= 14.228(5), c=25.24(1)Å, Z= 3, R= 0.0343, R′= 0.0354, 1263 independent reflections with F > 1.0σ(F). The M2+ ions in these isomorphous structures lie on a three-fold axis and are co-ordinated to 12 nitrate oxygen atoms, with a co-ordination polyhedron resembling a distorted cuboctahedron.
Comparing Standing Balance at Real and Virtual Elevated Environments (2002)

The study evaluated the efficacy of a surround-screen virtual reality (SSVR) system in simulating heights for studying human postural balance at elevation. Twenty four subjects performed standing tasks at 9-m elevation and ground level, on firm and deformable surfaces, in a real environment (RE) and a comparable virtual environment (VE). The RE was the interior of the high-bay laboratory at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in Morgantown, West Virginia; the VE simulated this environment in the SSVR system. Medial-lateral and anterior-posterior body sways and mean velocity of the human center-of-pressure displacement were collected using a force platform. The results indicated that the sway parameters were similar in VE and RE at elevation on both firm and deformable surfaces. At ground level, the sway parameters were significantly increased in the VE compared to the RE on a deformable surface, but not on a firm surface. It appears that visual simulation of elevated environments within a SSVR is adequate for studying the risk factors leading to losing balance and fall incidents.
Clinical Applications of Inhaled Nitric Oxide (2000)

The concept of using inhaled nitric oxide (NO) as a selective pulmonary va- sodilator arose from the recent realization that NO is a potent endogenous va- sodilator that plays a major role in modulating vascular smooth muscle tone in both the systemic and pulmonary circulations (Moncada and Higgs 1993). Importantly, inhaled NO does not dilate the systemic circulation because of its avid binding and inactivation by oxyhemoglobin upon exposure to the pulmonary circulation (Rimar and Gillis 1993). Therefore, inhaled NO holds great promise as the long-sought selective pulmonary vasodilator. Inhaled NO is distributed only to those areas of the lung that are ventilated, and dilates only those vessels directly adjacent to the ventilated alveoli (Figure 11.1). Areas of the lung that are collapsed do not receive NO and do not vasodilate. Ventilation-perfusion matching is thus preserved or improved by NO. Inhaled NO is a unique therapy, in that it is delivered directly to the desired site of action. Its action as a selective pulmonary vasodilator in pediatrie and adult patients may make it an ideal therapeutic agent for numerous diseases associated with increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). I
Towards a Holistic Approach for Problems in the Energy and Mobility Domain (2014)

With the current rise of electric vehicles, it is possible to use those vehicles for storing surplus energy from renewable energy sources; however, this can be in conflict with providing and ensuring the mobility of the vehicle's user. At DAI-Labor, we have a large number of both, past and upcoming projects concerned with those two aspects of managing electric vehicles: energy and mobility. To unify and facilitate developments in those projects, we developed common domain models describing the different aspects of the e-mobility domain. Those domain models are used in many of our projects for optimising charging schedules and for ensuring the user's mobility.
Charge Effects in Light Scattering by Colloidal Solutions (1954)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCharge Effects in Light Scattering by Colloidal SolutionsKarol J. MyselsCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1954, 58, 4, 303–307Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1954Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1954https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/j150514a004https://doi.org/10.1021/j150514a004research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views102Altmetric-Citations23LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Comprehensive Whole-Genome Sequencing and Reporting of Drug Resistance Profiles on Clinical Cases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in New York State (2017)

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is a newer alternative for tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics and is capable of providing rapid drug resistance profiles while performing species identification and capturing the data necessary for genotyping. Our laboratory developed and validated a comprehensive and sensitive WGS assay to characterize <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and other <i>M. tuberculosis</i> complex (MTBC) strains, composed of a novel DNA extraction, optimized library preparation, paired-end WGS, and an in-house-developed bioinformatics pipeline. This new assay was assessed using 608 MTBC isolates, with 146 isolates during the validation portion of this study and 462 samples received prospectively. In February 2016, this assay was implemented to test all clinical cases of MTBC in New York State, including isolates and early positive Bactec mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 cultures from primary specimens. Since the inception of the assay, we have assessed the accuracy of identification of MTBC strains to the species level, concordance with culture-based drug susceptibility testing (DST), and turnaround time. Species identification by WGS was determined to be 99% accurate. Concordance between drug resistance profiles generated by WGS and culture-based DST methods was 96% for eight drugs, with an average resistance-predictive value of 93% and susceptible-predictive value of 96%. This single comprehensive WGS assay has replaced seven molecular assays and has resulted in resistance profiles being reported to physicians an average of 9 days sooner than with culture-based DST for first-line drugs and 32 days sooner for second-line drugs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Products from Oxidation of Metal Carbynes (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Pluripotent Stem Cells to Model and Treat Huntington’s Disease (2017)

Stem cell therapies hold considerable promise for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have been of particular clinical interest because of their ability to generate neuronal cells and to be used in animal models of neurodegenerative disease as well as for testing new drugs. Several PSCs isolated from humans and animals that carry the genotype of Huntington's disease (HD) have been used in aforementioned studies. HD-PSCs obtained can produce in vitro neural progenitor cells (NPCs). These NPCs applied in HD models show several advantages: they engraft into the brain in animal models and differentiate into neuronal cells, thus promoting behavioral recovery and motor impairment. Although progress has been made using PSCs, additional tests should be done to overcome several limitations as, for example, tumorigenicity, before their clinical application. We focus this chapter on current knowledge regarding HD-PSC lines and their helpfulness as an in vitro model for basic research. Next, we discuss the advances of disease-free PSCs in preclinical HD models aiming to their potential application in patients. Additionally, we discuss their potential use as a test system for anti-HD drug screening by the pharmaceutical industry, especially considering HD patients' welfare.
Early Prediction of Chronic Disability After Occupational Low Back Injury (1996)

The Vermont Disability Prediction Questionnaire is a brief, easily administered and scored tool for identifying back-injured workers at relative risk for chronic disability. Such early identification should increase the efficiency of disability prevention strategies by directing them toward people who need them most. The accuracy of the questionnaire needs to be tested in a variety of different clinical and socioeconomic settings.
304 An non subjective method for myocardial T2* curve fitting in thalassemia (2008)

To assess the effectiveness of the proposed automatic T2* curve fitting method for myocardial iron measurement.
Untersuchungen zum quasibinären System Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>/BiCl<sub>3</sub>/Investigations on the Pseudobinary System Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>/BiCl<sub>3</sub> (1999)

The phase diagram of the pseudobinary sytem Bi 2 Te 3 /BiCl 3 was investigated by DTA, total pressure measurements, and X-ray phase analysis. Only BiTeCl exists as a ternary phase in this system. The compound melts incongruently at 430 °C. The heat of formation and the standard entropy of BiTeCl were calculated from vapor pressure data: ΔH° B (BiTeCl, f, 298) = (-39,5 ± 1,6) kcal/mol; S° (BiTeCl, f, 298) = (34,4 ± 2,7) cal/K· mol. The heat of formation of BiCl 3 was determined on the basis of the heat of solution of BiCl 3 and Bi 2 O 3 , and the heat of formation of Bi 2 O 3 : ΔH° B (BiCl 3 , f, 298) = (-95,9 ± 0,9) kcal/mol.
KINETICS OF BETA-CAROTENE DEGRADATION AT TEMPERATURES TYPICAL OF AIR DRYING OF FOODS (1982)

Degradation of β-carotene was studied in a model system at temperatures between 60 and 80°C in order to formulate a kinetic model useful in the optimization of air drying processes. Two previously reported kinetic analyses were used: a first order model and a simplified free radical reaction model. In both cases the models fit the experimental data but neither is entirely satisfactory since the kinetic parameters reflected an initial concentration dependence. This dependence disappeared at high carotene initial concentrations and also when the thickness of the lipid layer was increased either by using a support with a lower specific surface area or by adding a saturated fatty acid. These results indicate that at high concentrations oxygen diffusion becomes a limiting factor. When using food systems, a first order model seemed a better choice for the simulation of the carotene degradation. Results could not be directly related to those of the model system, probably because the model was too simple, and did not contain the pro- and anti-oxidant components naturally occurring in foods.
<i>In situ</i> measurement of pH in liquid chromatography systems using a colorimetric approach (2018)

In liquid chromatography differences between the pH of an injected sample and the pH of the mobile phase can have a significant impact on retention times, peak widths, and resolution.
2,3 Dimercapto-1-Propanol Inhibits HIV-1 <i>tat</i> Activity, Viral Production, and Infectivity In Vitro (1990)

We have examined the effect of 2,3 dimercapto-1-propanol (DMP), which is known as an anti-heavy metal-poisoning drug, against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). We demonstrate that DMP inhibited transactivation directed by tat protein, which is a metal containing transcriptional transactivating factor and also interfered with viral production. Furthermore, treatment and pretreatment of cells with DMP strongly reduced their sensitivity for HIV-1 infection through unknown mechanisms. These results indicate that DMP reveals pleuripotent effects on HIV-1 infection and production in vitro and thus may provide an exploitable hypothesis for designing new drugs against AIDS.
<i>T<scp>opo</scp>MS</i>: Comprehensive topological exploration for molecular and condensed‐matter systems (2018)

We introduce T opo MS , a computational tool enabling detailed topological analysis of molecular and condensed‐matter systems, including the computation of atomic volumes and charges through the quantum theory of atoms in molecules, as well as the complete molecular graph. With roots in techniques from computational topology, and using a shared‐memory parallel approach, T opo MS provides scalable, numerically robust, and topologically consistent analysis. T opo MS can be used as a command‐line tool or with a GUI (graphical user interface), where the latter also enables an interactive exploration of the molecular graph. This paper presents algorithmic details of T opo MS and compares it with state‐of‐the‐art tools: Bader charge analysis v1.0 (Arnaldsson et al., 01/11/17) and molecular graph extraction using Critic2 (Otero‐de‐la‐Roza et al., Comput. Phys. Commun. 2014, 185, 1007). T opo MS not only combines the functionality of these individual codes but also demonstrates up to 4× performance gain on a standard laptop, faster convergence to fine‐grid solution, robustness against lattice bias, and topological consistency. T opo MS is released publicly under BSD License. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of Murine Colony-Forming B Cells (1978)

Abstract With appropriate culture conditions, numbers of proliferating foci are a linear function of the number of B cells placed in mitogen-stimulated semisolid cultures, and colony formation is not obviously suppressed or enhanced by T cells. This made it possible to determine the fraction of Ig+ B cells in different tissues and stages of development which was capable of colony formation. No evidence was obtained that these functional cells were enriched among either mature or immature B cell populations. Cytolysis with A.TH anti-A.TL serum and C before culture was used to study expression of Ia antigens on colony-forming cells. By this criterion, multipotential stem cells, granulocyte-macrophage progenitors, and fetal colony-forming B cells were Ia negative, whereas all clonable B cells in adult tissues were Ia positive. Colony formation by adult lymph node cells was inhibited by an average of 79% by the addition of rabbit anti-mouse IgD to the cultures, and extremely small quantities of antiserum were required. Adult spleen and bone marrow contained a higher percentage of antiserum-resistant and presumably δ- B cells, and clonable B cells in fetal tissues were not significantly inhibited. An additional subpopulation of late appearing B cells whose proliferation was resistant to anti-Ig antibodies was identified with a particular set of culture conditions. Colony-forming cells were also heterogeneous in their resistance to preincubation with anti-immunoglobulin antibodies. Under conditions that did not significantly affect adult splenic B cells, clonable cells in fetal and neonatal tissues were substantially inactivated. It appears that colony-forming B cells comprise an equivalent proportion of the B cells in different sites and stages of development and include cells that differ in maturity by the criteria employed here. However, they do not seem to be representative of B cells as a whole, and when considered in relationship to the defect in CBA/N mice, the possibility emerges that the cloning technique preferentially detects a lineage of functionally specialized B cells.
Transition Metal–α-Amino Acid Complexes with Antibiotic Activity against Mycobacterium spp (2013)

Synthetic iridium-, rhodium-, and ruthenium-amino acid complexes with hydrophobic l-amino acids have antibiotic activity against Mycobacterium spp., including Mycobacterium bovis BCG and the rapidly growing species Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium chelonae. Concentrations of transition metal-amino acid complexes demonstrating hemolysis or cytotoxicity were 10- to 25-fold higher than were the MICs.
Localization of the kdsA gene with the aid of the physical map of the Escherichia coli chromosome (1988)

The isolation and analysis of two recombinant plasmids containing the kdsA gene from Escherichia coli chromosomal gene libraries is reported. The subfragments obtained from the inserts correspond to the fragment pattern around coordinate 1,282 kilobases of the physical map of the E. coli chromosome (Kohara et al. Cell 50:495-508, 1987). The kdsA gene has been located at coordinates 1,282 through 1,283 kilobases, corresponding to min 26.7 in the classical map coordinates. The kdsA gene is transcribed from this position toward the nearby nar gene.