gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sporotrichoid Dermatosis Caused by <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> from a Public Bath (2000)

Infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are usually associated with immunocompromised states. More recently, however, NTM infections are being diagnosed with greater frequency in patients lacking traditional risk factors. However, cutaneous infection with rapidly growing mycobacteria is uncommon, and diagnosis may be difficult. Herein we present a case of sporotrichoid dermatosis on both forearms caused by Mycobacterium abscessus in a 34-year-old female (case 1). Mycobacterium abscesus was identified by culture as a colorless colony with rapid growth and by comparative sequence analysis of the rpoB gene. The patient was suspected to have been infected in a public bath in which she worked, it was located in a famous hot spring area in Korea. The condition was first noticed after she had been working in the bath for two years and after another employee (case 2) suffered similar lesions which had responded to treatment. The patient's skin lesions were successfully treated with anti-tuberculous drugs for six months.
ChemInform Abstract: NOVEL STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF β‐LACTAMS VIS EPISULFONIUM ION INTERMEDIATE (1982)

Abstract Das Acrylamid (I) reagiert mit Phenylsulfenchlorid (II) zu einem Gemisch der beiden isomeren Phenylmercaptoisobuttersäureamide (III) und (IV), die mit Kalilauge über das Betain (V) zu dem Lactam (VI) reagieren.
Transition metal mediated carbon-oxygen bond activation of aryl ethers bearing pendant phosphines (2014)

Cleavage of aryl C-O bonds of lignin affords phenols and aroms. that might serve as useful precursors in chem. synthesis. C-O bond activation of aryl ethers allows for their use as cross coupling partners and removable protecting groups. An aryl Me ether bearing pendant phosphines was synthesized to investigate ether bond cleavage mediated by different transition metals. Three modes of bond activation were obsd. at group 9 and 10 transition metals: oxidative addn. across the aryl C-O bond, oxidative addn. across the alkyl C-O bond, and Lewis-acid mediated alkyl halide elimination. Metal oxidn. state as well as π-backbonding interactions between the central arene and the metal center were correlated to which mode(s) of C-O bond activation were obsd. These results and implications for the design of intermol. aryl C-O bond cleavage systems will be presented.
Information-Theoretically Optimal Compressed Sensing via Spatial Coupling and Approximate Message Passing (2013)

We study the compressed sensing reconstruction problem for a broad class of random, band-diagonal sensing matrices. This construction is inspired by the idea of spatial coupling in coding theory. As demonstrated heuristically and numerically by Krzakala [30], message passing algorithms can effectively solve the reconstruction problem for spatially coupled measurements with undersampling rates close to the fraction of nonzero coordinates. We use an approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm and analyze it through the state evolution method. We give a rigorous proof that this approach is successful as soon as the undersampling rate δ exceeds the (upper) Rényi information dimension of the signal, d̅(p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> ). More precisely, for a sequence of signals of diverging dimension n whose empirical distribution converges to p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> , reconstruction is with high probability successful from d̅(p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> ) n+o(n) measurements taken according to a band diagonal matrix. For sparse signals, i.e., sequences of dimension n and k(n) nonzero entries, this implies reconstruction from k(n)+o(n) measurements. For “discrete” signals, i.e., signals whose coordinates take a fixed finite set of values, this implies reconstruction from o(n) measurements. The result is robust with respect to noise, does not apply uniquely to random signals, but requires the knowledge of the empirical distribution of the signal p <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">X</sub> .
The Effects of Argon and Argon-Helium Mixtures on the Direct Current Arc*† (1952)

The use of argon as an environment for the dc arc results in marked prolongation of volatilization, increased initial electrode currents, and enhancement of lines of many elements, particularly volatile ones, when samples are burnt to extinction and compared to helium and argon-helium mixtures. An interdependent relationship between total time necessary for complete volatilization of samples, percentage helium and argon composition of the atmosphere, and sample concentrations is demonstrated. Independently, a relationship between the electrode current, percent helium and argon, and concentration of the sample exists.
Effects of Six-Membered-Ring Conformation on the Rotamer Distribution and Rate of Atropisomerization in Platinum(II)−Guanine Compounds:  2,4-Bis(methylamino)pentane Complexes (1998)

NMR and CD spectroscopy and molecular mechanics and dynamics (MMD) calculations were used to characterize (Me2DAP)Pt(G)2 complexes (G = N9-substituted guanine derivative; Me2DAP = 2,4-bis(methylamino)pentane with N, C, C, and N stereochemistries of S,R,S,R, S,R,R,R, and R,R,R,R). NMR and MMD results indicated that the favored Me2DAP chelate ring conformations were chair. There are two possible head-to-tail rotamers (ΔHT and ΛHT) and, depending on the Me2DAP stereochemistry, one or two head-to-head (HH) rotamers. Rotation of the G bases around the Pt−N7 bond was found to be rapid on the NMR time scale for all compounds in D2O at room temperature; in contrast, slow rotation was reported for (Me2DAB)Pt(G)2 (Me2DAB = 2,3-bis(methylamino)butane by Xu et al.) Because of the additional flexibility of the six-membered chelate ring in the Me2DAP systems versus the five-membered ring in Me2DAB, the N-methyl groups of Me2DAP can occupy more pronounced axial positions, allowing a low-energy path to rotation as suggested by MMD calculations. The fast rotation necessitated that the rotamer preference be assessed by CD spectroscopy. For the S,R,S,R complexes, the G N9 substituent strongly influenced which HT rotamer was preferred. The ΛHT rotamer was favored for the R,R,R,R complexes at pH 3 regardless of the G used. MMD calculations on the [(R,R,R,R)-(Me2DAP)Pt(9-EtG)2]2+ complex suggested amine-O6 hydrogen bonding in the ΛHT rotamer and indicated an unfavorable nonbonded interaction between the G O6 and an axial cis C-methyl group in the ΔHT rotamer. This nonbonded interaction was also observed in calculated structures of the [(S,R,R,R)-(Me2DAP)Pt(9-EtG)2]2+ complex, for which experimental data showed a preference for the ΛHT rotamer as well. Thus, the orientations of the N- and C-methyl groups appear to be important in determining both the rate of rotation and the rotamer preference of the (Me2DAP)Pt(G)2 systems.
Correlations between efficacy and early changes in biomarkers in a metastatic breast cancer (mBC) clinical trial with sunitinib malate. (2010)

1055 Background: Prognostic and predictive biomarkers have been sought to improve therapies in mBC. Burstein et al. previously showed plasma concentration of sKIT (CD117), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF Receptor 2 (R2) and Receptor 3 (R3) change with sunitinib malate treatment (J Clin Oncol. 2008 Apr 10;26[11]:1810-6.). Final trial data were further evaluated for correlations between efficacy and early plasma biomarker change during treatment cycles to identify early predictive markers in mBC. Methods: Plasma samples from 64 patients with mBC (anthracycline and a taxane pretreatment) from a phase II clinical trial for sunitinib were analyzed for sKIT, VEGF, R2, and R3 concentrations at start and end of cycles, and cycle 1 day 14. During each cycle patients received sunitinib 50mg qdx28 days, followed by 14 days off treatment. Efficacy endpoints evaluated: time to progression (TTP), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Biomarker stratification was by median baseline concentration and median %change during first two cycles. Survival analysis was by Kaplan Meier and log-rank methods. Hazard ratios were computed. Results: Median % concentration change of sKIT, VEGF, R2, and R3 were 48.6, 89.4, 55.8, and 52.8%, respectively. Patients with ≥48.6% sKIT change had significantly longer PFS, TTP, and OS (Table). Patients with ≥89.4% VEGF change survived 2-fold longer. Conclusions: Early changes in R2, R3, or baseline concentration did not correlate with survival. Changes in sKIT and VEGF may serve as early predicitve markers in mBC. TTP/PFS sKITΔ- Survival VEGFΔ+ Survival R2Δ- Survival R3Δ- Survival <48.6% (30) 7.86 <89.4% (30) 9.86 <55.8% (30) 10.14 <52.8% (27) 10.14 >48.6% (31) 21.71 >89.4% (31) 10.29 >55.8% (31) 10.21 >52.8% (28) 11.00 P <0.0001 0.0541 0.8101 0.2673 HR 6.00 1.75 1.07 1.40 OS <48.6% (30) 25.71 <89.4% (30) 32.29 <55.8% (30) 36 <52.8% (27) 51.57 >48.6% (31) 53.71 >89.4% (31) 62.57 >55.8% (31) 53.71 >52.8 (28) 52.71 P 0.018 0.0325 0.235 0.1466 HR 2.33 2.12 1.52 1.52 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer Pfizer
Übergangsmetall‐substituierte VB‐Elementsysteme, IX<sup>1)</sup> Konformative Isomerie von Komplexen mit Antimon‐Übergangsmetalleinheiten (1976)

Abstract Durch Umsetzung von (CH 3 ) 2 SbBr bzw. SbBr 3 mit Na[Fe(CO) 2 π‐C 5 H 5 ] werden die Antimon‐Übergangsmetallkomplexe (CH 3 ) 2 Sb[Fe(CO) 2 π‐C 5 H 5 ], Br 2 SbFe(CO) 2 π‐C 5 H 5 und BrSb[Fe(CO) 2 π‐C 5 H 5 ] 2 (1‐3) erhalten. 1 und 2 reagieren mit aktivierten Metallcarbonylen zu den verbrückten Zweikernkomplexen °C 5 H 5 (CO) 2 FeSbR 2 ML n [R= CH 3 , Br; ML n M(CO) 5 (Cr, W), Mn(CO) 2 π‐C 5 H 5 .] Ebenso ergibt 3 die Dreikernanordnungen [π‐C 5 H 5 (CO) 2 Fe] 2 Sb(Br)ML n , die auch ausgehen von den bromierten Zweikern‐Spezies durch Halogen/Metallat‐Austausch zugänglich sind. 2 und seine metallkoordinierten Derivate (außer ML n π‐C 5 H 5 (CO) 2 Mn) zeigen bezüglich der Antimon‐Übergangsmetallbindung konformative Isomerie, die bei Raumtemperatur IR‐spektroskopisch erfaßbar ist. Die Bedeutung sterischer und elektronischer Faktoren für das Auftreten dieser Isomerie werden diskutiert und am strukturell verwandten Bindungssystem °C 5 H 5 (CO) 2 Mn‐SbR 2 Mo(CO) 3 π‐C 5 H 5 (RCH 3 , Br) überprüft. Die neuen Element‐VB‐Übergangsmetallverbindungen werden chemisch und spektorskopisch charakterisiert.
Reduction of the amount of probe-data in telematics services (2013)

Telematics services are predicted to spread to many more consumers with the increased availability of free telematics smartphone applications. In these telematics services, servers and consumer devices such as smartphones and car navigation terminals have to communicate large amounts of various types of data by uplink and downlink. Finding methods to decrease the data size for communication is one of the most significant issues in this field because of the cost for consumers and service providers. In this paper, we propose a new data compression method for telematics, which deletes redundant data and applies an appropriate compression method for a situation. Moreover, we evaluated our method with the probe data defined by ISO22837 and report positive results.
<title>Application of algorithm-based fault tolerance to high-level synthesis of signal flow graphs</title> (1994)

Algorithm based fault tolerance techniques have been used for systolic processors and general purpose multiprocessors. In this paper, we have applied an algorithm based fault tolerance technique to high-level synthesis of signal flow graphs. The technique incorporates reliability into synthesized DSP filters. Given a Signal Flow Graph representation for these filters, our schemes synthesize a reliable schedule for the operations in them and allocate functional units to the operations subject to hardware and reliability constraints. We impose reliability constraints to avoid compensating errors in fault detection. Our first scheme uses the well known duplicate and compare approach, while the second uses a novel linearity based checking approach used in algorithm based fault tolerance methods for matrix computations. The schemes have been implemented and results obtained by using them on sample signal flow graphs are presented. These results show the linearity based scheme to have a low time overhead. For example, this scheme takes about 10% extra time for the reliable synthesis of a 10<SUP>th</SUP> order IIR filter. Our proposed work extends previous work in the area in three directions: (1) use of linearity based checks, over duplication based checks, (2) handling cyclic flow graphs, over previous proposals for acyclic graphs, and (3) reliability constrained hardware mapping. Extensions of the schemes to nonlinear flow graphs is also proposed.
Transmission lines and scattering parameters (2013)

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Efficacy of 1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one (CM1) in treatment of iron-loaded hepatocyte cultures (2012)

Excessive iron is toxic to cells and organelles, where it can generate harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in oxidative tissue damage. Liver is the major organ for iron storage and redox active iron in this tissue can cause fibrosis and cirrhosis in β-thalassemia patients. Desferrioxamine (DFO), deferiprone (DFP) and deferasirox (DFX) are clinically approved iron chelators used for the treatment of patients with iron overload, but none of these chelators are completely free of side effects. In this study we report the properties of a new iron chelator 1-(N-acetyl-6-aminohexyl)-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one (CM1). The labile iron pool (LIP) content was measured by using a calcein fluorescence technique and the lipidperoxidation products were quantified using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) method. The cytotoxicity of CM1 was also examined with the (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. CM1 was demonstrated to reduce iron-induced redox damage and to decrease the levels of the intracellular iron pool in hepatocytes. CM1 is a potentially useful iron-chelating agent which has potential to ameliorate liver iron overload and ROS-induced lipid peroxidation. CM1 is currently under investigation for oral efficacy.
Fetal trunk and head volume measured by three‐dimensional ultrasound at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks of gestation in chromosomally normal pregnancies (2005)

3D ultrasound can provide a reproducible measurement of the fetal trunk and head volume in early pregnancy. At between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 weeks there is a 5-6-fold increase in fetal volume but only a doubling in CRL.
Human activity recognition from mobile inertial sensors using recurrence plots (2017)

Inertial sensors are present in most mobile devices nowadays and such devices are used by people during most of their daily activities. In this paper, we present an approach for human activity recognition based on inertial sensors by employing recurrence plots (RP) and visual descriptors. The pipeline of the proposed approach is the following: compute RPs from sensor data, compute visual features from RPs and use them in a machine learning protocol. As RPs generate texture visual patterns, we transform the problem of sensor data classification to a problem of texture classification. Experiments for classifying human activities based on accelerometer data showed that the proposed approach obtains the highest accuracies, outperforming time- and frequency-domain features directly extracted from sensor data. The best results are obtained when using RGB RPs, in which each RGB channel corresponds to the RP of an independent accelerometer axis.
At-speed self-testing of high-performance pipe-lined processing architectures (2013)

We propose a new methodology for Built-In Self-Test (BIST) where contrary to the traditional scan-path based logic BIST, the proposed solution for test generation does not need any additional hardware, and will not have any impact on the working performance of the system. A class of digital systems organized as pipe-lined signal processing architectures is targeted. The data used for processing in the system are used as test pattern sources. Testing at normal working conditions, and with typically processed data, allows exercise the system on-line and at-speed, facilitating the detection of dynamic faults like delays and cross-talks to achieve high test quality. The proposed new self-test method is free from the negative aspect of over-testing, compared to the traditional logic BIST approaches, and uses a minimal amount of additional hardware. Experimental research was based on the case study of a specialized bio-signal processor architecture, and the results showed promising results in reducing the cost of testing and achieving high fault coverage.
SAP97 promotes the stability of Na<sub>x</sub> channels at the plasma membrane (2012)

Na(x) is a sodium-level sensor for body fluids expressed in the circumventricular organs in the brain. Na(x) has a putative PSD-95/Disc-large/ZO-1 (PDZ)-binding motif at the carboxyl (C)-terminus. Here we found that several PDZ proteins bind to Na(x) by PDZ-array overlay assay. Among them, synapse-associated protein 97 (SAP97/DLG1) was coexpressed with Na(x) in the subfornical organ. In C6 glioblastoma cells, destruction of the PDZ-binding motif of Na(x) or depletion of SAP97 resulted in a decrease in cell-surface Na(x), which was attenuated with inhibitors of endocytosis. These results indicate that SAP97 contributes to the stabilization of Na(x) channels at the plasma membrane.
Experimental comparison between Mariner's approximation and an exact solution of equations describing the measurement of transmission loss of a test partition (1976)

The American standard for the laboratory measurement of the transmission loss of a test partition, E90-75, recommends the use of a procedure developed by Thomas Mariner [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 33, 1131–1139 (1961)] which seeks to minimize the effect of coupling between the source and receiving rooms during calibration of the receiving room by the reverberant decay method. When Mariner's reverberation decay “tuning” is carried out his approximate solution may be used and the possible error in the measurement may be estimated using a procedure which he has outlined. In this paper a comparison is made between Mariner's approximation and an exact solution of the problem as originally outlined by Mariner but not considered by him. The comparison will include a brief outline of the solution as well as experimental work comparing the two methods. The exact solution does not require reverberation tuning but it does require measurements of reverberation in both rooms as well as noise reduction measurements in both directions.
New Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Subfamily Member 1 Positron Emission Tomography Radioligands: Synthesis, Radiolabeling, and Preclinical Evaluation (2013)

The transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) cation channel is known to be involved in pain nociception and neurogenic inflammation, and accumulating evidence suggests that it plays an important role in several central nervous system (CNS)-related disorders. TRPV1-specific positron emission tomography (PET) radioligands can serve as powerful tools in TRPV1-related (pre)clinical research and drug design. We have synthesized several potent TRPV1 antagonists and accompanying precursors for radiolabeling with carbon-11 or fluorine-18. The cinnamic acid derivative [(11)C]DVV24 and the aminoquinazoline [(18)F]DVV54 were successfully synthesized, and their biological behavior was studied. In addition, the in vivo behavior of a (123)I-labeled analogue of iodo-resiniferatoxin (I-RTX), a well-known TRPV1 antagonist, was evaluated. The binding affinities of DVV24 and DVV54 for human TRPV1 were 163 ± 28 and 171 ± 48 nM, respectively. [(11)C]DVV24, but not [(18)F]DVV54 or (123)I-RTX, showed retention in the trigeminal nerve, known to abundantly express TRPV1. Nevertheless, it appears that ligands with higher binding affinities will be required to allow in vivo imaging of TRPV1 via PET.
Cyclic acylimines and cyclic carbinolamides II. isoquinolones (1970)

Abstract Three cyclic acylimines (X, XI, XXX) and six methoxyamides (VII, VIII, IX, XXIII, XXIX, XXXV) were synthesized and their chemical properties studied. The isoquinolone acylimines added readily, across the carbon‐nitrogen double bond, weak nucleophiles such as alcohols and amides to give addition products. The methoxyamides can substitute, in the presence of an acid catalyst, the unsaturated compound in the various reactions. Diels‐Alder type products were obtained with dienes and amidoalkylation derivatives with acetone and dimedone.
High-pressure structures of methane hydrate observed up to 8 GPa at room temperature (2001)

Three high-pressure structures of methane hydrate, a hexagonal structure (str.A) and two orthorhombic structures (str.B and str.C), were found by in situ x-ray diffractometry and Raman spectroscopy. The well-known structure I (str.I) decomposed into the str.A and fluid at 0.8 GPa. The str.A transformed into the str.B at 1.6 GPa, and the str.B further transformed into the str.C at 2.1 GPa which survived above 7.8 GPa. The fluid solidified as ice VI at 1.4 GPa, and the ice VI transformed to ice VII at 2.1 GPa. The structural changes occurring with increasing pressure were observed reversibly with decreasing pressure. The symmetric stretching vibration, ν1, of the methane molecule observed in the Raman spectra changed along with the structural changes. The bulk moduli, K0, for the str.I, str.A, and str.C were calculated to be 7.4, 9.8, and 25.0 GPa, respectively. The difference in the bulk moduli implies the difference in fundamental structure of the high-pressure structures.
Fibronectin Adsorption to Nanopatterned Silicon Surfaces (2008)

The possibility of using surface topography for guidance of different biological molecules and cells is a relevant topic that can be applied to a wide research activity. This study investigated the adsorption of fibronectin to a diffraction grated silicon surface. The rectangular grating profile featured a controlled surface with 350 nm period and a corrugation depth of 90 nm. Results demonstrated that the controlled surface had a significantly positive effect on the fibronectin binding. Thus, nanoscale surface topography can enhance fibronectin binding.
Au-Al Intermetallic Formation in a Resistance Weld. (2011)

Abstract not provided.