gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Current knowledge on oxidative stress in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (2013)

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury associated with hepatic resections and liver transplantation remains a serious complication in clinical practice, despite several attempts to solve the problem. The redox balance, which is pivotal for normal function and integrity of tissues, is dysregulated during I/R, leading to an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Formation of ROS and oxidant stress are the disease mechanisms most commonly invoked in hepatic I/R injury. The present review examines published results regarding possible sources of ROS and their effects in the context of I/R injury. We also review the effect of oxidative stress on marginal livers, which are more vulnerable to I/R-induced oxidative stress. Strategies to improve the viability of marginal livers could reduce the risk of dysfunction after surgery and increase the number of organs suitable for transplantation. The review also considers the therapeutic strategies developed in recent years to reduce the oxidative stress induced by hepatic I/R, and we seek to explain why some of them have not been applied clinically. New antioxidant strategies that have yielded promising results for hepatic I/R injury are discussed.
Entangled Photons in Larger Real and Hilbert Spaces (2013)

These experiments are reported: quantum teleportation with feed-forward between Canary Islands, loophole-free Schrödinger steering, entanglement of 300 units angular momentum, entanglement in a 100-dimensional Hilbert space, and closing the fair-sampling loophole for photons.
Evaluation of Core Damage Caused by Oil-Based Drilling and Coring Fluids (1984)

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the chemical damage to cores created when oil-based coring fluids have been used in the coring operation. Changes in formation wettability and emulsification in the pores caused by oil-based fluids affect the analysis of the cores. Two methods were used to evaluate the degree of damage to the core. First, the effective permeability to oil and to brine of a core were compared before and after injection of a drilling or coring fluid filtrate. Second, the effective permeability to oil of a core was compared before and after injection of a drilling or coring fluid filtrate at various pressure drops. Instrumentation included an ultra-speed centrifuge and permeability measurement apparatus. The experimental results indicate that the irreducible brine saturation and wettability could be changed.
Host Suitability of Nonmaize Agroecosystem Grasses for the Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (2004)

The biology of western corn rootworm larvae, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, on alternate hosts has become an important topic with the recent commercialization of transgenicrootworm maize. Larval development and survivorship were monitored on 22 plant species, including maize, Zea mays L.; maize-eld weeds; and selected native prairie grasses, fence-row/forage grasses, and small grain crops planted in greenhouse trials. Small pots containing each plant species were infested with 25 western corn rootworm larvae from a nondiapausing strain. Larval recovery was monitored 7, 14, 21, and 26 d after infestation. The dry weight of larvae and adults was recorded in addition to pronotum width of adults and head capsule width of larvae. Larvae survived at least 14 d on 21 species and 26 d on 18 species. Third instars were recovered from 16 species. The head capsule width of larvae recovered from quackgrass, Elytrigia repens L.; Rhodes grass, Chloris gayana Kunth; and fall panicum, Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx, were not signicantly different from maize on all four sample days. Adults were recovered from 10 species. These data along with other studies show that almost all grasses tested provide enough nutrition for larvae of the western corn rootworm to survive 14 d, and larval development to the third instar can occur on most grasses. The potential for rootworm larvae to move between weeds within or adjacent to a maize eld could be an important factor in resistance management of transgenic-rootworm maize. However, the long-term implication of such movement for a low-dose transgenic event has yet to be worked out
Tomographic scanning microscope for 1-4 KeV x-rays (1995)

X-ray microtomography enables three-dimensional imaging at submicron resolution with elemental and chemical state contrast. The 1-4 KeV energy region is promising for microtomography of biological, microelectronics, and materials sciences specimens. To capitalize on this potential, we are constructing a tomographic scanning x-ray microscope for 1-4 KeV x-ray on a spherical grating monochromator beamline at the Advance Photon Source. The microscope, which uses zone plate optics, has an anticipated spatial resolution of 100 nm and an energy resolution of better than 1 eV.
Profil psychologique et sport de haut niveau : entre banalités et singularités (2010)

Résumé Dans le cadre du suivi psychologique au CREPS de Toulouse, nous avons fait une recherche exploratoire sur la désadaptation psychologique du sportif à la pratique du sport de haut niveau. Le protocole a permis d’évaluer les traits de personnalité, les mécanismes de défense, et les rapports au corps de l’athlète dans leur pratique. Cette recherche-action révèle que le sport de haut niveau serait pour certains athlètes un processus « auto-adaptatif ».
Energy deposition into dense collisionless plasmas by rotating beams (1975)

A nonturbulent mechanism is proposed whereby a rotating electron or ion beam pulse rapidly deposits energy on the ions of a dense, magnetized, weakly collisional plasma through excitation of the compressional Alfvén mode.
Superoxide anion production by adriamycinol from cardiac sarcosomes and by mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase. (1987)

This study investigates the effects of both adriamycin and its 13-hydroxylated metabolite adriamycinol on superoxide anion production from cardiac sarcosomes and by mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase. Superoxide anion production was determined by using the succinoylated cytochrome c reduction assay. Both adriamycin and adriamycinol stimulated superoxide formation in cardiac sarcosomes and by mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase. In the first case only NADPH was required as a co-factor and in the second case only NADH. From sarcosomes as well as by NADH dehydrogenase, the superoxide production followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. With both activating enzymatic systems, the Vmax of adriamycinol was found to be similar to that of adriamycin, but the Km for the former anthracycline was higher than for the latter. Adriamycinol also increased the rate of NADPH and NADH consumption, by sarcosomal fractions and by NADH dehydrogenase respectively. At equimolar consentrations, adriamycinol consumed less NADPH and NADH than adriamycin. These results suggest that adriamycinol could contribute to the chronic cardiac toxicity of adriamycin by forming superoxide anions in cardiac cells constituents.
When killers become thieves: trogocytosed PD-1 inhibits NK cells in cancer (2020)

Abstract Leucocytes often perform trogocytosis, the process by which cells acquire parts of the plasma membrane from interacting cells. Accumulating evidence indicates that trogocytosis modulates immune responses, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Here, using two mouse models of leukemia, we found that cytotoxic lymphocytes perform trogocytosis at high rates with tumor cells. While performing trogocytosis, both Natural Killer and CD8 + T cells acquire the checkpoint receptor PD-1 from leukemia cells. In vitro and in vivo investigation revealed that PD-1 protein found on the surface of Natural Killer cells, rather than being endogenously expressed, was derived entirely from leukemia cells. Mechanistically, SLAM receptors were essential for PD-1 trogocytosis. PD-1 acquired via trogocytosis actively suppressed anti-tumor immunity, as revealed by the positive outcome of PD-1 blockade in PD-1-deficient mice. PD-1 trogocytosis was corroborated in patients with clonal plasma cell disorders, where Natural Killer cells that stained for PD-1 also stained for tumor cell markers. Our results, in addition to shedding light on a previously unappreciated mechanism underlying the presence of PD-1 on Natural Killer and cytotoxic T cells, reveal the immune-regulatory effect of membrane transfer occurring when immune cells contact tumor cells. Once sentence summary Natural Killer cells are inhibited by PD-1 acquired from the surface of tumor cells via trogocytosis.
Determination of the carrier-type at III-nitride semiconductor surfaces/interfaces using contactless electroreflectance (1998)

Using contactless electroreflectance at room temperature, we have nondestructively evaluated the band bending (carrier-type) at the surface of epitaxial n- and p-type GaN/sapphire samples as well as at both the InGaN surface and the InGaN/GaN interface of samples of epitaxial InGaN, having average n- and p-type character, grown on top of thick GaN epilayers/sapphire.
How does hydroxyl introduction influence the double helical structure: the stabilization of an altritol nucleic acid:ribonucleic acid duplex (2012)

Altritol nucleic acids (ANAs) are a promising new tool in the development of artificial small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNAs) for therapeutical applications. To mimic the siRNA:messenger RNA (mRNA) interactions, the crystal structure of the ANA:RNA construct a(CCGUAAUGCC-P):r(GGCAUUACGG) was determined to 1.96 Å resolution which revealed the hybrid to form an A-type helix. As this A-form is a major requirement in the RNAi process, this crystal structure confirms the potential of altritol-modified siRNAs. Moreover, in the ANA strands, a new type of intrastrand interactions was found between the O2' hydroxyl group of one residue and the sugar ring O4' atom of the next residue. These interactions were further investigated by quantum chemical methods. Besides hydration effects, these intrastrand hydrogen bonds may also contribute to the stability of ANA:RNA duplexes.
Effect of Alcohol Drinking on Gene Expression of Hepatic O6-Methylguanine DNA Methyltransferase in Chronic Liver Diseases (1996)

O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a repair protein that transfers methyl groups from O6-methylguanine to a cysteine acceptor in its own molecule, and restores DNA to its undamaged state. If left unrepaired, O6-methylguanine can pair with either a thymine or a cytosine, causing a C-G to T-A transition, which is considered to be one of the molecular mechanisms of both mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. The expression of MGMT mRNA in liver tissue was quantitatively assessed by the competitive reverse transcrip-tion-polymerase chain reaction method in patients with chronic liver diseases with or without alcohol drinking. MGMT mRNA expression was 1.4 ± 0.9 pg/μg RNA in control livers. Its expression in chronic hepatitis was 3.8 ± 0.7 in alcoholics and 2.7 ± 0.8 in nonalcoholics, which were not statistically different. MGMT mRNA expression in liver cirrhosis was significantly low, compared with that in chronic hepatitis, and 0.8 ± 0.3 in alcoholics and 0.5 ± 0.1 in nonalcoholics, which also were not significantly different. The present study shows that MGMT mRNA was not decreased in patients with chronic liver diseases with alcohol drinking, compared with those without alcohol drinking.
Lower urinary tract symptoms and uroflow in a community-based sample of Taiwanese men. (2003)

In this community-based study, moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms were reported by 50% of assessable men over the age of 40 years. This prevalence was similar to that of Japanese but higher than those of American, French, and Scottish men. The IPSS was positively correlated with age, and negatively correlated with uroflow rate and voided volume. However, because of extremely low and uneven response rates among each age category, this data must be interpreted with caution.
Influence of RC snubbers on the Steepness of Switching Transients caused by Vacuum Circuit Breakers (2018)

Vacuum circuit breakers are known to cause steep-fronted traveling waves in electrical systems as a result of pre- and restrike processes. Especially when very steep wave fronts encountering transformers or electrical machines, they will lead to inhomogeneous voltage distributions inside the windings. Therefore, this paper presents high resolution measurements of prestrikes stressing a transformer and analyses the influence of a RC snubber on the steepness of the occurring traveling waves.The results show that the oscillations caused by prestrikes are damped expectedly by the RC snubber. But it also shows, that RC snubbers do not affect the steepness of the initial wave front at all, as well as its initial height. Thus, it can be concluded that a snubber is not reducing all effects of the prestrike phenomenon. This leads to the conclusion that prestrikes may excite overvoltages inside windings independent of the snubber, possibly causing interturn faults.
Reducing the impact of internal upsets inside the correlation process in GPS Receivers (2015)

This paper1 examines two approaches to deal with internal logic upsets inside correlation process used in the tracking process of GPS receivers. These upsets can be produced due to process/voltage and temperature variations coupled with increased advancement of CMOS technology. If any upset occurs when computing the correlation function during each 10 ms, then errors are propagated in tracking loops, resulting in a loss of the GPS signal tracking and a distorted position given by the receiver. Results of experiments using a GPS receiver design are presented in this paper to evaluate the performance of each method. The two proposed solutions (the Feedback freezing loop (FFL) and the Last Correct Value (LCV) methods) offer a big interest compared to the classical Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) method since they provide the same performance as the TMR with low area complexity. This work can be extended to any system using feedback loops information.
Resultados de testes de Elisa, TRALd e PCR em equídeos de áreas endémicas de Leishmaniose Visceral no Estado da Bahia (2001)

CNPq, CAPES e PAPS/FIOCRUZ
Abstract SY19-01: Therapeutic network re-wiring of the DNA damage response can be used to enhance tumor killing by cytotoxic chemotherapy (2015)

Abstract Dynamic re-wiring of signaling networks is a prominent mechanism responsible for the development of resistance to many molecular-targeted anti-cancer agents. Here we show how this same dynamic re-wiring process can be used therapeutically to enhance the response of tumors to cytotoxic anti-cancer agents. Using cell lines and murine tumor models of triple-negative breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and head and neck cancer, we show that chronic inhibition of EGFR and/or FGFR driver oncogenes dramatically enhances cell death in response to topoisomerase inhibitors and platinum DNA crosslinking drugs. In marked contrast, no such sensitization is observed when the growth factor receptor inhibitors are co-administered with the cytotoxic agents. The molecular mechanism responsible for this time-dependent growth factor inhibitor-induced tumor cell sensitization was explored using a systems biology-based model of DNA damage signaling in which protein kinase activities, substrate phosphorylation, and phosphoprotein-binding events for multiple signaling pathways were quantitatively measured at densely sampled points in time, and mathematically correlated with tumor cell responses including cell cycle arrest, cytokine production, autophagy, and apoptosis. This analysis revealed that sustained EGFR/FGFR suppression unmasks an apoptotic network involving Caspase-8 that is normally suppressed by oncogene addiction, resulting in an enhanced apoptotic response to equivalent amounts of DNA damage. This discovery demonstrates that the timing interval between administration of different drugs in combination chemotherapy can have profound effects on the tumor response through the dynamic re-wiring of cell signaling pathways in real time. Finally, we take advantage of this dynamic re-wiring process by developing tumor-targeted time-staggered release nanoparticles that deliver EGFR inhibitors at early times followed by the delayed release of doxorubicin. We show that these nanoparticles cause dramatic regression of murine NSCLC and TNBC tumor xenografts in vivo, substantiating the utility of therapeutic network re-wiring for anti-cancer therapy in the clinic. Citation Format: Michael J. Lee, Yogesh Dayma, Anne-Margriet Heijinks, Stephen W. Morton, Erik C. Dreaden, Paula T. Hammond, Michael B. Yaffe. Therapeutic network re-wiring of the DNA damage response can be used to enhance tumor killing by cytotoxic chemotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr SY19-01. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-SY19-01
Nanostructured Tungsten Oxide – Properties, Synthesis, and Applications (2011)

Abstract Metal oxides are the key ingredients for the development of many advanced functional materials and smart devices. Nanostructuring has emerged as one of the best tools to unlock their full potential. Tungsten oxides (WO x ) are unique materials that have been rigorously studied for their chromism, photocatalysis, and sensing capabilities. However, they exhibit further important properties and functionalities that have received relatively little attention in the past. This Feature Article presents a general review of nanostructured WO x , their properties, methods of synthesis, and a description of how they can be used in unique ways for different applications.
The design of hypersonic waveriders for aero-assisted interplanetarytrajectories (1991)

The aerodynamic performance of a vehicle designed to execute an aerogravity assisted maneuver, which combines a gravitational turn with a low-drag atmosphere pass, is examined. The advantage of the aerogravity assisted maneuver, as opposed to a more traditional gravity-assist trajectory, is that, through the use of a controlled atmospheric flight, nearly any deflection angle around a gravitating body can be realized. This holds the promise of providing extremely large values of Delta V. The success of such a maneuver depends on being able to design a vehicle which can execute sustained atmospheric flight at Mach numbers in the range of 50 - 100 with minimal drag losses. Some simple modeling is used to demonstrate design rules for the design of such vehicles, and to estimate the deterioration of their performance during the flight. Two sample aerogravity-assisted maneuvers are detailed, including a close solar approach requiring modest Delta V, and a sprint mission to Pluto.
Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry Technique and Ion Guns (1985)

The FABMS (Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry) technique is reviewed in this chapter with emphasis upon laboratory instrumentation and procedures. Several popularly used primary beam guns are described including the effects of the bombarding species. Illustrative equations relating secondary ion currents to the primary impingement rates are presented. Geometrical arrangements between the primary beam, the sample target surface and the analyzer axis are illustrated. Solutions are suggested to overcoming limitations encountered in retrofitting FAB on mass spectrometers. Testing procedures are outlined along with matrix considerations. Sources of noise generated during particle impingement are examined. Some new experimental techniques are discussed which lead to increasing signal-to-noise ratios. Finally, SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) is shown to be available to spectrometrists who have FABMS.
An advanced self-aligned BiCMOS technology for high performance 1-megabit ECL I/O SRAMs (2003)

An advanced self-aligned BiCMOS technology has been developed for high-performance 1-Mb ECL I/O SRAMs (emitter-coupled-logic input/output static RAMs). The 0.8 mu m technology features include an advanced, fully recessed oxide isolation, a silicided polysilicon local interconnect scheme, two levels of polysilicon, and two levels of metal with tungsten plugs. These process features combine to produce MOS gate delays in the 100-ps range and bipolar transistors with F/sub T/ of 15 GHz. The manufacturability of the technology has been demonstrated by the successful fabrication of a scaled 256 K ECL I/O SRAM.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis of C‐Nucleoside Analogues Starting from 1‐(Methyl 3‐O‐benzyl‐4,6‐O‐benzylidene‐2‐deoxy‐α‐D‐altropyranosid‐2‐yl) ‐4‐phenyl‐but‐3‐yn‐2‐one. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Three Out of Ten Working Patients Expect No Clinical Improvement of Their Ability to Perform Work-Related Knee-Demanding Activities After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Multicenter Study (2018)

Purpose Three out of ten patients do not return to work after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Patient expectations are suggested to play a key role. What are patients' expectations regarding the ability to perform work-related knee-demanding activities 6 months after TKA compared to their preoperative status? Methods A multi-center cross-sectional study was performed among 292 working patients listed for TKA. The Work Osteoarthritis or joint-Replacement Questionnaire (WORQ, range 0-100, minimal important difference 13) was used to assess the preoperatively experienced and expected ability to perform work-related knee-demanding activities 6 months postoperatively. Differences between the preoperative and expected WORQ scores were tested and the most difficult knee-demanding work-related activities were described. Results Two hundred thirty-six working patients (81%) completed the questionnaire. Patients' expected WORQ score (Median = 75, IQR 60-86) was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than their preoperative WORQ score (Median = 44, IQR 35-56). A clinical improvement in ability to perform work-related knee-demanding activities was expected by 72% of the patients, while 28% of the patients expected no clinical improvement or even worse ability to perform work-related knee-demanding activities 6 months after TKA. Of the patients, 34% expected severe difficulty in kneeling, 30% in crouching and 17% in clambering 6 months after TKA. Conclusions Most patients have high expectations, especially regarding activities involving deep knee flexion. Remarkably, three out of ten patients expect no clinical improvement or even a worse ability to perform work-related knee-demanding activities 6 months postoperatively compared to their preoperative status. Therefore, addressing patients expectations seems useful in order to assure realistic expectations regarding work activities.
Threshold dose dependence in phenobarbital promotion of rat hepatocarcinogenesis initiated by diethylnitrosamine (1992)

The dose-response of phenobarbital (PB) promotion of hepatocarcinogenesis in rats was investigated. Male F344 rats were given 1, 4, 16, 75, 300 or 1200 p.p.m. PB solutions given ad libitum as their drinking water for 39 weeks following initiation with a single i.p. injection of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) (100 mg/kg). At week 40, the incidence of hepatic tumors was increased clearly in the DEN + PB groups given 300 p.p.m. PB or above, as compared to that in the group given DEN only. Linear dose-response curves for numbers and sizes of enzyme-altered hepatic foci (gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase or placental glutathione S-transferase positive foci) were obtained in the dose range 16-1200 p.p.m. PB. The minimum promoting dose level of PB for enzyme-altered foci, estimated from dose-response curves by the Logit model, was calculated to be 15-23 p.p.m. Thus while dose dependence was demonstrated over a large range, a threshold was evident at low doses.