gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance of sensors mounted on a robotic platform for personnel detection (2008)

Multi-modal sensor suite mounted on a mobile platform such as a robot has several advantages. The robot can be sent into a cave or a cleared building to observe and determine the presence of unwanted people prior to entering those facilities. The robotic platform poses several challenges, for example, it can be noisy while it is in motion. Its electrical activity might interfere with the magnetic and electric field sensors. Its vibrations may induce noise into seismic sensors. We study the performance of acoustic, seismic, passive infrared (PIR), magnetic, electrostatic and video sensors for detection of personnel mounted on a robotic platform such as a Packbot. The study focuses on the quality of sensor data collected. In turn, the study would determine whether additional processing of data is required to mitigate the platform induced noise for detection of personnel. In particular, the study focuses on the following: Whether different sensors interfere with one another operating in close proximity, for example, the effect on magnetic and electrostatic sensors. Comparison of personnel detection algorithms developed for mobile platform and stationary sensor suite in terms of probability of detection, false alarms, and effects of fusion.
CFD Analysis of Turbulent Flow in a Nuclear Fuel Bundle With Mixing Vane (2002)

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed to investigate the coolant mixing in a nuclear fuel bundle that is promoted by the mixing vane on the grid spacer. Single and multiple subchannels of one grid span of the fuel bundle were modeled to simulate a 5×5 rod array experiment with the mixing vane. The three-dimensional CFD models were generated by a structured multi-block method. The standard k-ε turbulence model was used in the current CFD simulation since it is practically useful and converges well for the complex turbulent flow in a nuclear fuel bundle. The CFD predictions of axial and lateral mean flow velocities showed a somewhat large difference from the experimental results near the spacer but represented the overall characteristics of coolant mixing well in a nuclear fuel bundle with the mixing vane. Comparison of single and multiple subchannel predictions shows good agreement of the flow characteristics in the central subchannel of the rod array. The simulation of multiple subchannels shows a slightly off-centered swirl in the peripheral subchannels due to the external wall of the rod array. It also shows no significant swirl and crossflow in the wall subchannels and the corner subchannels.
Diphenyl Phosphate‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Polymerization of 1,5‐Dioxepan‐2‐one (2015)

Summary: The ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of 1,5‐dioxepan‐2‐one (DXO) catalyzed by diphenyl phosphate (DPP) using 3‐phenyl‐1‐propanol (PPA) as an initiator has been studied. The polymerization in toluene at room temperature produced poly(1,5‐dioxepan‐2‐one) (PDXO) with a narrow polydispersity index. For the initial [DXO] 0 /[PPA] 0 /[DPP] 0 of 50/1/1, the molecular weight determined from 1 H NMR ( M n,NMR ) of 5670 g mol −1 agreed with the calculated one ( M n,calcd ) of 5680 g mol −1 . The obtained PDXO possessing a PPA residue at the α‐chain end was confirmed by the 1 H NMR and MALDI‐TOF MS measurements. The livingness of the ROP of DXO was supported by the kinetic and chain‐extension experiments. The diblock and random copolymerizations of DXO and ϵ ‐caprolactone (CL) afforded respective copolymers. The monomer reactivity ratios were obtained as r DXO = 0.59 and r CL = 1.19 using the Kelen–Tüdös method, and the random copolymers showed different thermal properties corresponding to copolymer compositions.
The Relationships of Varieties and Fertilization to Observed Symptoms of Root Rots and Wilt of Alfalfa<sup>1</sup> (1956)

Synopsis At 3 rates of N, P, and K, in north central Indiana, the stand of 3rd year Buffalo alfalfa was poorer than Ranger and Grimm at the lowest rate, with less difference at the higher rates. More Buffalo plants had rot from the crown into the root, and at greater severity, than the other 2. For all varieties, percentage of plants with rot into the roots was highest at the lowest fertilization rate; percentage infected plants with crown rot alone was highest at the highest fertilization rate. Stands and yields of Grimm were poorer than the other 2 in the 4th and 5th year at all rates. Bacterial wilt was more severe (non‐significantly) at the lowest rate of fertilization.
Neuropsychological effects of second language exposure in Down syndrome (2011)

There were no measurable effects of SLE on neuropsychological function in this sample of children with DS. Potential clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Datalog as a pointcut language in aspect-oriented programming (2006)

AspectJ's pointcut language is complex, yet often not expressive enough to directly capture a desired property. Prolog has been suggested as an alternative, but Prolog queries may not terminate, and they tend to be verbose. We solve expressiveness, termination and verbosity by using Datalog plus rewrite rules.
IEEE/IBM Watson Student Showcase (2016)

The Miface project is using crowdsourcing to build an extensive database of semantically tagged facial expressions. Developed by students at NYU, the Web application uses IBM Watson's Tone Analyzer module to refine user labels for each expression. The end result will be to enrich the ability of computational agents to understand and generate meaningful nonverbal cues for human interaction. The Web extra at https://youtu.be/kvdlR41M28c is a video of the Miface project, which is using crowdsourcing to build an extensive database of semantically-tagged facial expressions.
ChemInform Abstract: AN ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE STUDY OF DIALKYLAMINOTHIYL (R2NS·), DIALKYLAMINOSULFINYL (R2N(O)S·), AND ALKYL(SULFINYL)AMINYL (·NRS(O)X) RADICALS. RADICAL ADDITION TO N‐SULFINYLAMINES (1978)

Abstract Photochemisch erzeugte tert.‐Butoxyl‐ oder Trimethylsilyloxyl‐Radikale reagieren mit Bis(dialkylamino)‐Sulfiden oder ‐Sulfoxiden, die prim. N‐Alkyl‐Gruppen enthalten, unter Bildung von Dialkylaminothiyl‐, wie z.B. (I), bzw. Dialkylamino‐sulfinyl‐Radikalen, wie z.B. (II).
Limits of elemental contrast by low energy electron point source holography (2011)

Motivated by the need for less destructive imaging of nanostructures, we pursue point-source in-line holography (also known as point projection microscopy, or PPM) with very low energy electrons (∼100 eV). This technique exploits the recent creation of ultrasharp and robust nanotips, which can field emit electrons from a single atom at their apex, thus creating a path to an extremely coherent source of electrons for holography. Our method has the potential to achieve atom resolved images of nanostructures including biological molecules. We demonstrate a further advantage of PPM emerging from the fact that the very low energy electrons employed experience a large elastic scattering cross section relative to many-kV electrons. Moreover, the variation of scattering factors as a function of atom type allows for enhanced elemental contrast. The idea that one can obtain chemical information about a sample whereas imaging it by PPM is worth pursuing in more detail, and here we undertake simulations of this scheme to assess its feasibility to first order. Model results for small molecules and adatoms on graphene substrates, where very small damage is expected, indicate that a phase contrast is obtainable between elements with significantly different Z-numbers. For example, for typical setup parameters, atoms such as C and P are discernible, whereas C and N are not.
Survival of brown kiwi exposed to 1080 poison used for control of brushtail possums in Northland, New Zealand (1999)

All 35 radio-tagged adult brown kiwi ( Apteryx mantell i ) survived at least three months after being exposed to 1080 poison (sodium monofluoroacetate) during a brushtail possum ( Trichosurus vulpecul a ) control operation; 22 birds were exposed to 1080 in pollard baits at a loading of 0.15% w/w, and 13 birds were exposed to 1080 presented in jam baits, at a loading of 0.08% w/w. A radio-tagged juvenile was killed by a predator 2.5 months after being exposed to jam baits. In the three months after the 1080 operation, the weights of adult kiwi in the poisoned area were no different from those in neighbouring bush patches. No traces of 1080 were found in six eggs collected from the poisoned area. From subsequent captures of birds, all 35 birds are known to have survived at least six months after the operation, and 33 (94%) survived one year after exposure to 1080 baits. These results are consistent with other similar, but smaller, studies of the survival of radio-tagged kiwi exposed to 1080 poison in pollard or carrot baits. We conclude that possum-control operations using green-dyed and cinnamon-lured pollard or jam baits laced with 1080 poison pose a very low risk to brown kiwi through accidental primary or secondary poisoning, or by starvation due to a diminished supply of large invertebrates.
Static analysis of an artificial muscle system based on PZT strain amplification (2008)

In this paper the design and static analysis of a novel artificial muscle system are presented. The proposed design is based on exponential strain amplification applied to PZT stack actuators. Exponential strain amplification is achieved by means of a nested cellular architecture. The primary limitation of the nested strain amplification mechanisms is the loss of blocking force due to structural compliance. Therefore, to quantify and improve the performance of the design, analytical expressions are obtained for the blocking force and free displacement of two separate amplification mechanisms using Castigliano's strain energy and displacement theorem. Measured values for blocking force and free displacement validate the static behavior predicted by the solid mechanics. Design implications for the amplification mechanisms are then enumerated based on the theoretical modeling.
A theoretical performance analysis of discrete data classification when fusing two features (2015)

In this work, an analytical model has been developed to demonstrate classification performance when fusing two quantized features. Specifically, it is of interest to demonstrate theoretically the effect that the overall quantization of the features, M, has on the relative performance of the Bayesian Data Reduction Algorithm (BDRA). The primary results show, and with a training data model independent of distribution, conditions on the data under which dimensionality reduction improves overall theoretical classification performance. This result is significant for those interested in the theoretical performance of fusing discrete data (i.e., attributes or classifier decisions), and is an important step towards proving that BDRA always converges to a unique solution.
Aircraft Design Optimization on a Personal Computer (1996)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A PC-based program module was developed to simultaneously optimize an aircraft for thrust-to-weight ratio, wing loading, aspect ratio, sweep, taper ratio, and thickness ratio, in the presence of performance constraints, to a selected weight or cost measure-of-merit. A simple yet robust optimization scheme was employed, relying on the ever-increasing power of personal computers to permit exhaustive searching by a simple gradient method rather than using some more-sophisticated but more complex and perhaps less-robust optimization strategy. Results indicate the program works, within the limitations of the classical analysis methods used.</div>
Methyl 2-butyl-4-hydroxy-1,1-dioxo-2<i>H</i>-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxylate (2012)

In the title compound, C(14)H(17)NO(5)S, the thia-zine ring adopts a half-chair conformation. The mol-ecule exhibits an intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond, which forms a six-membered S(6) ring motif. The planes of the benzene and thia-zine rings are inclined at a dihedral angle of 15.30 (12)°.
Suppression of Staphylococcus aureus Superantigen-Independent Interferon Gamma Response by a Probiotic Polysaccharide (2020)

<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is a Gram-positive opportunistic pathogen that causes a variety of diseases. Bloodstream infection is the most severe, with mortality rates reaching 20 to 50%. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) from the probiotic <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> reduces bacterial burden and inflammation during <i>S. aureus</i> bloodstream infection in mice. Protection is due, in part, to hybrid macrophages that restrict <i>S. aureus</i> growth through reactive oxygen species and to limiting superantigen-induced T cell activation and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) production during infection. A decrease in IFN-γ production was observed within 24 h after infection, and here, we investigated how EPS abrogates its production. We discovered that <i>S. aureus</i> uses a rapid, superantigen-independent mechanism to induce host IFN-γ and that this is mediated by interleukin-12 (IL-12) activation of NK cells. Furthermore, we found that EPS limits IFN-γ production by modulating host immunity in a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent manner, a signaling pathway that is required for EPS-mediated protection from <i>S. aureus</i> infection <i>in vivo</i> We conclude that EPS protects hosts from acute bloodstream <i>S. aureus</i> infection not only by inducing macrophages that restrict <i>S. aureus</i> growth and inhibit superantigen-activated T cells but also by limiting NK cell production of IFN-γ after <i>S. aureus</i> infection in a TLR4-dependent manner.
Improved Glucose Disappearance Following Repeated Glucose Administration: Serum Insulin, Growth Hormone and Free Fatty Acid Levels During the Staub-Traugott Effect (1969)

The Staub-Traugott effect, the phenomenon of improved tolerance to repeated glucose administration, was investigated in fifteen healthy volunteers. Two glucose loads were administered intravenously forty-six minutes apart. Blood samples were taken periodically after each glucose infusion. The second glucose load was given immediately after the first sampling period. The glucose disappearance rate (K) improved after the second infusion from 2.04 ± 0.23 to 2.87 ±0.16 (p &lt; 0.001). Serum immunoreactive insulin levels rose promptly after the glucose infusions, but while a decrease was noted following the first peak, the levels remained persistently elevated after the second glucose load. Growth hormone levels decreased and were slightly lower yet six to nine minutes after completion of the infusions. A striking reduction of free fatty acid levels followed the first glucose load; values fell to 50 per cent of the fasting levels prior to, and decreased even further following, the second infusion. Thus, the improved K of the second glucose tolerance test was associated with already diminished serum free fatty acid levels.
ERK and Calcium in Activation of HIF‐1 (2002)

HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1) is the main transcription factor responsible for increased gene expression in hypoxia. The oxygen-dependent regulation of HIF-1 activity occurs at multiple levels in vivo. The mechanisms regulating HIF-1alpha protein expression have been most extensively analyzed, but the ones modulating HIF-1 transcriptional activity remain unclear. Changes in the phosphorylation and/or redox status of HIF-1alpha certainly play a role. Here, we show that ionomycin could activate HIF-1 transcriptional activity in a way that is additive to the effect of hypoxia without affecting HIF-1alpha protein level and HIF-1 DNA binding capacity. In addition, a calmodulin dominant-negative mutant as well as BAPTA, an intracellular calcium chelator, inhibited the hypoxia-induced HIF-1 activation. These results indicate that elevated calcium in hypoxia could participate in HIF-1 activation. PD98059, an inhibitor of the ERK pathway, but not KN-93, an inhibitor of calmodulin kinases II and IV, also blocked HIF-1 activation by hypoxia and by ionomycin. Altogether, these results suggest that calcium and calmodulin would act upstream of ERK in the hypoxia signal transduction pathway leading to enhanced HIF-1 transcriptional activity.
Electrical and mechanical properties of Bi-2223/Ag/barrier/Ag composite tapes (2000)

Bi-2223/Ag/barrier/Ag single-core tapes with various oxide barrier materials (BaZrO3 , SrCO3 , ZrO2and Al2 O3 ) have been prepared by PIT. The I -Vcurves and ac susceptibility measurements have been performed for tapes with identical heat treatment history. Young's moduli of these tape samples have been evaluated by three-point bending and the structure of barrier powders and BSCCO cores was analysed by SEM and XRD, respectively. It was found that the shape of I -Vcurves, the current transfer lengths and the mechanical properties of tapes are all affected by the oxide barrier type and the barrier thickness, as well as by its porosity and uniformity. This is because the oxide barrier controls the oxygen diffusion during the tape heat treatment and simultaneously the HTS phase formation kinetics, its purity and content within the superconducting core. On the base of the results obtained for single-core tapes, two kinds of multifilamentary composite were made and tested.
Détermination d’une orbite autour de L2 pour la mission CHEOPS (2012)

Afin de déterminer l’orbite qu’un satellite d’observation d’exoplanètes devait adopter, il a été nécessaire de considérer les points de Lagrange et plus particulièrement le deuxième de ces points. Dans les pages suivantes, nous localisons les trois premiers de ces points (L1, L2 et L3), expliquons en quoi ils sont importants et démontrons la quasi-stabilité de L1 et L2. Ensuite, nous analysons les différents types d’orbites quasi-périodiques qui existent autour de L2 et construisons une orbite de Lyapunov grâce au logiciel STK/Astrogator, ce qui permet de modéliser la mission et de souligner ses avantages et ses inconvénients.
Your system is secure? Prove it! (2007)

Computer security is an old problem which has lost none of its relevance — as is evidenced by the annual Security issue of ;login:. The systems research community has increased its attention to security issues in recent years, as can be seen by an increasing number of security-related papers published in the mainstream systems conferences SOSP, OSDI, and USENIX. However, the focus is primarily on desktop and server systems. I have argued two years ago in this place that security of embedded systems, whether mobile phones, smart cards, or automobiles, is a looming problem of even bigger proportions, yet there does not seem to be a great sense of urgency about it. Although there are embedded operating-system (OS) vendors working on certifying their offerings to some of the highest security standards, those systems do not seem to be aimed at, or even suitable for, mobile wireless devices.
ChemInform Abstract: METAL‐METAL MULTIPLE BONDS. 10. ELECTROPHILIC ADDITIONS OF HALOGENS AND HYDROGEN HALIDES TO THE MOLYBDENUM‐MOLYBDENUM TRIPLE BOND IN DICYCLOPENTADIENYLDIMOLYBDENUM TETRACARBONYL (1983)

Abstract Das milde Cl 2 ‐Übertragungsreagenz Phenyliodoniumdichlorid reagiert mit dem Titelkomplex (I) zu der Verbindung (II) mit einem Brücken‐ und terminalen Chloridliganden.
Nodal T Cell Blast Crisis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (2000)

We report the case of a 54 year old male with an original diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who developed a nodal T cell blast crisis (BC) while he was in a complete hematological remission (CR). We describe the clinical presentation and the histological, immunophenotypic and molecular characterization of the lymph node blast cells. Our case, together with other rare similar reports in the literature, argue that a T cell nodal blast crisis of CML resembles the presentation of a T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Immobilized-enzyme electrode for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form)(NADH) sensing and application to the kinetic studies of NADH dependent dehydrogenases (1991)

Amperometric determination of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form) (NADH) at an immobilized-diaphorase (Dp) electrode is described. The measurement was conducted using ferrocenylmethanol as a mediator in a stirred solution at 0.20 V versus a saturated calomel electrode. A linear relationship between the steady-state current and the concentration of NADH was found over the range 0.005-0.125 mmol dm-3. The immobilized-Dp electrode showed outstanding stability and the current response reached a steady state within 2-3 seconds upon addition of NADH. The proposed electrode was used to follow the reactions of pig heart lactate dehydrogenase and horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase. The kinetic investigation using the immobilized-Dp electrode gave the kinetic parameters (Michaelis constants, Km values, and maximum velocities, Vm values), which were in satisfactory agreement with those determined by a conventional spectrophotometric method.
Betulinic Acid Inhibits Growth Factor‐induced in vitro Angiogenesis via the Modulation of Mitochondrial Function in Endothelial Cells (2002)

Betulinic acid (BetA), a pentacyclic triterpene, is a selective apoptosis-inducing agent that works directly in mitochondria. Recent study has revealed that BetA inhibits in vitro enzymatic activity of aminopeptidase N (APN, EC 3.4.11.2), which is known to play an important role in angiogenesis, but the anti-angiogenic activity of BetA has not been reported yet. Data presented here show that BetA potently inhibited basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced invasion and tube formation of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) at a concentration which had no effect on the cell viability. To access whether the anti-angiogenic nature of BetA originates from its inhibitory action against aminopeptidase N (APN) activity, the effect of BetA on APN was investigated. Surprisingly, BetA did not inhibit in vivo APN activity in endothelial cells or APN-positive tumor cells. On the other hand, BetA significantly decreased the mitochondrial reducing potential, and treatment with mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) inhibitors attenuated BetA-induced inhibition of endothelial cell invasion. These results imply that anti-angiogenic activity of BetA occurs through a modulation of mitochondrial function rather than APN activity in endothelial cells.
Impact of surface steps and oxygen pre-coverage on the adsorption of methylamine on gold (2013)

Using density functional theory calculations, we report on the adsorption of methylamine on gold and compare its adsorption to a selection of alkylamines, methanol and methanethiol. On the (111) surface, the amines, thiol and alcohol bind in the ontop site with a preference over hollow and bridge sites of 0.3 eV, 0.2 eV and 0.1 eV for methylamine, methanethiol and methanol, respectively. The effect of steps is considered on the (211) surface of gold and we find that methylamine adsorbs 0.2 eV more strongly in the step ontop site of the surface than on the (111) surface. For oxygen atom pre-coverages of 0.04-0.25 ML on the (111) surface, we find cooperative adsorption of amines and oxygen atoms. The energetic costs of adsorbate tilt from the surface normal and of rotation about the gold-heteroatom bond are compared among the studied surfaces and conditions.
Parton Distributions for the LHC (2007)

We present a preliminary set of updated NLO parton distributions. For the first time we have a quantitative extraction of the strange quark and antiquark distributions and their uncertainties determined from CCFR and NuTeV dimuon cross sections. Additional jet data from HERA and the Tevatron improve our gluon extraction. Lepton asymmetry data and neutrino structure functions improve the flavour separation, particularly constraining the down quark valence distribution.