gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Desaturases And Process For The Production Of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In Transgenic Organisms (Patent WO 2010/066703 A2) (2010)

The present invention relates to polynucleotides from Cochliobolus heterostrophus C5, Cyanothece sp. CCY0110, Mycocentrospora acerina and Hyaloperonospora parasitica, which code for desaturases and which can be employed for the recom bi nant production of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The invention furthermore relates to vectors, host cells and transgenic nonhuman organisms which comprise the polynucleotides according to the invention, and to the polypeptides encoded by the polynucleotides. The invention furthermore relates to antibodies against the polypeptides according to the invention. Finally, the invention also relates to production processes for the polyunsaturated fatty acids and for oil, lipid and fatty acid compositions and to their use as drugs, cosmetics, foodstuffs, feedstuffs, preferably fish food, or food supplements.
The fibre-optic Doppler anemometer (1978)

A laser Doppler anemometer is described in which an optical fibre is used to transmit the light to and from the measurement zone. An account is given of the various types of measurement that have been made with the instrument, particularly those involving Brownian motion. An analysis is made of backscattering into a fibre which shows that the back-scattered power is confined to a region extending only a few tens of core diameters from the fibre end.
Intelligent Classification of Silicon Photovoltaic Cell Defects Based on Eddy Current Thermography and Convolution Neural Network (2019)

In this article, defects in the production process of silicon photovoltaic (Si-PV) cells are urgently needed to be detected due to their serious impact on the normal generation of PV system. In view of the shortcomings, such as low-defect efficiency, few detection data, and high detection error rate in the existing industrial production line, the main research purpose of this article is to complete an intelligent classification method for efficient and innovative defect detection for Si-PV cells and modules. The purpose is to improve the detection efficiency of Si-PV cell, to ensure the safety and reliability of Si-PV cell production process, to achieve large number of Si-PV cell defects detection and classification. First, the eddy current thermography system of Si-PV cells is established. Second, principal component analysis, independent component analysis, and nonnegative matrix factorization algorithms are compared for thermography sequences processing. Third, LeNet-5, VGG-16, and GoogleNet models are compared for Si-PV cell defects classification. Finally, the results show that the proposed method have successful application in Si-PV cell defects detection and classification.
Efficient model order reduction via multi-node moment matching (2002)

The new concept of Multi-node Moment Matching (MMM) is introduced in this paper. The MMM technique simultaneously matches the moments at several nodes of a circuit using explicit moment matching around s=0. As compared to the well-known Single-point Moment Matching (SMM) techniques (such as AWE), MMM has several advantages. First, the number of moments required by MMM is significantly lower than SMM for a reduced order model of the same accuracy, which directly translates into computational efficiency. This higher computational efficiency of MMM as compared to SMM increases with the number of inputs to the circuit. Second, MMM has much better numerical stability as compared to SMM. This characteristic allows MMM to calculate an arbitrarily high order approximation of a linear system, achieving the required accuracy for systems with complex responses. Finally, MMM is highly suitable for parallel processing techniques especially for higher order approximations while SMM has to calculate the moments sequentially and cannot be adapted to parallel processing techniques.
Updates on Autoimmune Skin Bullous Diseases (2004)

Autoimmune skin bullous diseases are a group of diseases induced by autoantibodies against adhesion molecules in the skin. The understanding of these diseases has progressed greatly through studies combining cell and molecu- lar biological investigation of cell adhesion. A technique for producing recombinant pemphigus antigen proteins became available, and the development of the ELISA method facilitated serodiagnosis and monitoring of disease activity. Furthermore, a mouse model of pemphigus was developed through a new methodology using autoantigen knockout mice produced by gene manipulation. The pemphigus model mice produce the IgG antibodies against desmoglein3 (Dsg3) for over 6 months. This model is useful for the study of the mechanisms for antibody production and immune tolerance to peripheral antigens, as well as the evaluation of various immunosuppression therapies. In addition, monoclonal antibodies against Dsg3 were isolated from the pemphigus model mouse, and the studies using these antibodies expanded our knowledge of the molecular basis for blister formation. It is hoped that the study on autoimmune diseases of the skin will lead to elucidation of the pathophysiological mechanisms of autoimmune diseases and the develop- ment of treatment with minimal side effects.
<b>Detection of Atrial Activation By Intraventricular Electrogram Morphology Analysis:</b> A Study to Determine the Feasibility of P Wave Synchronous Pacing From a Standard Ventricular Lead (1993)

The detection of atrial activation from a standard ventricular pacing lead with standard ventricular electrodes would provide patients with VVI and VVIR pacing systems atrial rate response and atrial synchrony. In addition to potentially increasing cardiac output appropriately in these patients at rest and during moderate exercise, P wave sensing with such a device could help reduce pacemaker syndrome. In this study, unipolar signals from distal and proximal intraventricular electrodes were recorded from the right ventricular apex in 20 patients. Unipolar electrograms from 16 patients were recorded using temporary electrophysiology catheters and in four patients using permanent pacemaker leads. Approximately 3 minutes of data per patient were acquired and analyzed. After selection of a P wave template, the difference in baseline normalized area between the template and signal was calculated on a point-by-point basis. The percent of atrial depolarizations correctly detected was determined for each patient and lead configuration at the optimal threshold. Far-field P wave accuracy was better at the proximal electrode (74 +/- 25%) than at the distal electrode (57 +/- 34%) (P < 0.025). At the proximal electrode, 15/20 (75%) patients had > 70% accuracy and 11/20 (55%) patients had > 80% accuracy. At the distal electrode, 10/21 (48%) patients had > 70% accuracy and 7/21 (33%) patients had > 80% accuracy. In conclusion, far-field detection of atrial activation at the ventricular proximal electrode appears possible with sufficient accuracy to provide periods of atrial rate response and synchrony in patients with a single standard lead.
The identification of hypoxia biomarkers from exhaled breath under normobaric conditions (2015)

Pilots have reported experiencing in-flight hypoxic-like symptoms since the inception of high-altitude aviation. As a result, the need to monitor pilots, in-flight, for the onset of hypoxic conditions is of great interest to the aviation community. We propose that exhaled breath is an appropriate non-invasive medium for monitoring pilot hypoxic risk through volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis. To identify changes in the exhaled breath VOCs produced during periods of reduced O2 levels, volunteers were exposed to simulated flight profiles, i.e. sea level for 5 min, O2 levels found at elevated altitudes for 5 min or placebo and 5 min at 100% O2 recovery gas, using a modified flight mask interfaced with a reduced O2 breathing device. During the course of these test events, time series breath samples from the flight mask and pre/post bag samples were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Seven compounds (pentanal, 4-butyrolactone, 2-pentanone, 2-hexanone, 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 3-methylheptane and 2-heptanone) were found to significantly change in response to hypoxic conditions. Additionally, the isoprene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, was found to increase following the overall exposure profile. This study establishes an experimental means for monitoring changes in VOCs in response to hypoxic conditions, a computational workflow for compound analysis via the Metabolite Differentiation and Discovery Lab and MatLab(©) software and identifies potential volatile organic compound biomarkers of hypoxia exposure.
Genome mining of cyclodipeptide synthases unravels unusual tRNA-dependent diketopiperazine-terpene biosynthetic machinery (2018)

Cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) can catalyze the formation of two successive peptide bonds by hijacking aminoacyl-tRNAs from the ribosomal machinery resulting in diketopiperazines (DKPs). Here, three CDPS-containing loci (dmt1-3) are discovered by genome mining and comparative genome analysis of Streptomyces strains. Among them, CDPS DmtB1, encoded by the gene of dmt1 locus, can synthesize cyclo(L-Trp-L-Xaa) (with Xaa being Val, Pro, Leu, Ile, or Ala). Systematic mutagenesis experiments demonstrate the importance of the residues constituting substrate-binding pocket P1 for the incorporation of the second aa-tRNA in DmtB1. Characterization of dmt1-3 unravels that CDPS-dependent machinery is involved in CDPS-synthesized DKP formation followed by tailoring steps of prenylation and cyclization to afford terpenylated DKP compounds drimentines. A phytoene-synthase-like family prenyltransferase (DmtC1) and a membrane terpene cyclase (DmtA1) are required for drimentines biosynthesis. These results set the foundation for further increasing the natural diversity of complex DKP derivatives.
Critical Binding and Regulatory Interactions between Ras and Raf Occur through a Small, Stable N-Terminal Domain of Raf and Specific Ras Effector Residues (1994)

Genetic and biochemical evidence suggests that the Ras protooncogene product regulates the activation of the Raf kinase pathway, leading to the proposal that Raf is a direct mitogenic effector of activated Ras. Here we report the use of a novel competition assay to measure in vitro the relative affinity of the c-Raf-1 regulatory region for Ras-GTP, Ras-GDP, and 10 oncogenic and effector mutant Ras proteins. c-Raf-1 associates with normal Ras and the oncogenic V12 and L61 forms of Ras with equal affinity. The moderately transforming mutant Ras[E30K31] also bound to the c-Raf-1 regulatory region with normal affinity. Transformation-defective Ras effector mutants Ras[N33], Ras[S35], and Ras[N38] bound poorly. In contrast, the transformation defective Ras[G26I27] and Ras[E45] mutants bound to the c-Raf-1 regulatory region with nearly wild-type affinity. A stable, high-affinity Ras-binding region of c-Raf-1 was mapped to a 99-amino-acid subfragment of the first 257 residues. The smallest Ras-binding region identified consisted of N-terminal residues 51 to 131, although stable expression of the domain and high-affinity binding were improved by the presence of residues 132 to 149. Deletion of the Raf zinc finger region did not reduce Ras-binding affinity, while removal of the first 50 amino acids greatly increased affinity. Phosphorylation of Raf[1-149] by protein kinase A on serine 43 resulted in significant inhibiton of Ras binding. demonstrating that the mechanism of cyclic AMP downregulation results through structural changes occurring exclusively in this small Ras-binding domain.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Process for the Preparation of Fiber‐Reinforced Ceramic‐Matrix Composites. (1989)

Abstract The novel process involves the preparation of a slurry of the matrix powder in a solventless UV‐curing resin and coating of the fiber with this slurry in a continuous process.
Enhancement of baculovirus infection in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae with Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus or Nicotiana tabacum engineered with a granulovirus enhancin gene. (2000)

A baculovirus virulence-associated protein, enhancin, was engineered for production in a baculovirus-insect cell expression system and used for transformation of tobacco plants. A recombinant Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcNPV) with the enhancin gene from Trichoplusia ni granulovirus, AcEnh26, was propagated in Sf9 cells. The infected cultured cells combined with either AcNPV occlusion bodies (OBs) or Spodoptera exigua NPV (SeNPV) OBs were fed to 3rd stadium larvae of S. exigua. Feeding larvae with AcEnh26-infected cells resulted in a 21-fold and 10-fold enhancement of infection by AcNPV and SeNPV, respectively, compared to controls. When a similar feeding assay was performed with engineered tobacco plants, a 10-fold enhancement of AcNPV infection was observed, but a marked enhancement of SeNPV infection was not observed. Thus, the engineering and expression of the baculovirus enhancin gene in homologous and heterologous organisms allowed us to analyze its effects on NPV infection of larvae which demonstrated its viral enhancement function.
Phase-shift interference-based wavefront characterization for orbital angular momentum modes (2013)

Wavefront characterization for orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes is demonstrated using quadrature phase-shift interference. The phase fronts and intensity profiles of OAM(-2), OAM(-4), OAM(-6), and OAM(-8) are measured. Wavefront correlations between the experimental results and the pure Laguerre-Gaussian modes are calculated to evaluate the measurement. The measured results are in reasonable agreement with the anticipated results based on simulations.
MO‐G‐BRA‐04: Advantages of Implementation of a Self‐Regulating Thermobrachy Seed for Solid Tumors (2011)

Introduction: The recently proposed thermobrachy seed combines a sealed radioactive source with a ferromagnetic core serving as a source for self‐ regulating hyperthermia when placed in an alternating electromagnetic field. This seed has the potential to address some shortcomings of other methods suggested for delivery of radiotherapy and hyperthermia, such as, as an inadequate temperature control due to complex invasive thermometry and feedback loops, temperature non‐uniformity, and prolonged time delay between hyperthermia and radiation treatments. Materials and Method: The thermobrachy seed consists of Ni‐Cu ferromagnetic alloy core coated with carbon containing I‐125 source and encapsulated in titanium capsule. The external dimension of the seed is the same as the BEST Model 2301 I125. In our modeling study, seeds are located in the central region of cylindrical water phantom. An alternating magnetic field was applied using an externally wrapped current carrying coil. The temperature distribution within the phantom due to the induction heating of the ferromagnetic seed was obtained using a finite element analysis method. This distribution was compared to radiation dose distribution from treatment planning system. Results: The thermoseed surface temperature rises rapidly and stays constant around the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic material used. The temperature self‐regulation eliminates the need for invasive thermometry and simplifies the treatment procedure. The phantom volume reaching the therapeutic temperature range increases with increase of frequency or magnetic field strength. The temperature coverage over the target volume can be optimized by changing the magnetic field variables (intensity and frequency). Furthermore the tuning of the variables allows us achieving isothermal surfaces exactly similar to the radiation isodoses. Conclusion: The result shows that one can obtain the optimal isothermal distribution on the target volume to match with the prescribed radiation isodose distribution for the seed configuration by changing frequency and intensity of the alternating applied magnetic field.
Use of Polycapillary Optics to Increase the Effective Area of Microcalorimeter Spectrometers (1997)

Abstract Although the performance of high-energy-resolution microcalorimeter spectrometers for x-ray microanalysis is encouraging, the future widespread acceptance of these spectrometers as valuable microanalysis instruments depends on improvements in both achievable count rate and geometrical x-ray collection efficiency. While the maximum output count rate of our microcalorimeter (∼160 s−1) is much less than that of conventional EDS detectors operating at their highest energy resolution (∼3000 s−1), we are confident that we can significantly improve the count rate without loss of energy resolution (∼10 eV FWHM over a broad energy range). Increasing the area (and thus solid angle) of the microcalorimeter is a more difficult problem, however, as the best microcalorimeter performance is achieved using small-area (typically 250 μm by 250 μm) absorbers with low heat capacity. This problem can be solved by using an x-ray lens to increase the collection efficiency of the microcalorimeter spectrometer. A polycapillary optic consisting of tens of thousands of fused capillaries can collect x-rays from a point x-ray source over a large solid angle and focus the x-rays onto the small-area absorber of the microcalorimeter.
Imaging of commercial aircraft by inverse synthetic aperture radar and their classification in a Near-Range Radar Network (NRN) (2002)

The Near-Range Radar Network is a sensor for the surveillance of the ground traffic on airports. It localizes targets, evaluates the vectors of velocity and classifies the targets. For the latter task microwave images of the moving objects obtained by the principle of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) are utilized. The most important processing steps are the range alignment and the pre-phase compensation of the measured range profiles, which are accomplished by a Hough transform algorithm and an autofocusing technique, respectively. For the final classification projections of the pixel intensities onto two orthogonal axes are extracted and evaluated by a correlator.
Secured data storage on cloud systems via wavefront multiplexing (2013)

Security on data storage and transport are among many important concerns on cloud computing. Wavefront multiplexing/demultiplexing process (WF muxing/demuxing) embodying an architecture that utilizes multi-dimensional transmissions is the use of an algorithm for satellite and deep-space communications where transmissions demand a high degree of power combining, security, reliability, and optimization. It has found applications in fields beyond communications domain. One such application is data storage and transport on cloud. Multiple data sets are preprocessed by a WF muxing transformation before being stored /transported. WF muxed data is aggregated data from multiple data sets that have been “customized processed” and disassembled into any scalable number of sets of processed data, with each set being stored on a storage site. The original data is reassembled via a WF demuxing transformation after retrieving a lesser but scalable number of WF muxed data sets. In short, the WF muxed data storage solution enhances data security and data redundancy by, respectively, creating a new dimension to existing security/privacy methods and significantly reducing the storage space needed for data redundancy. In addition, WF muxing/demuxing methods enable a monitoring capability on the integrity of stored data. It becomes possible to identify independently whether the stored data is not contaminated or altered without scrutinizing through the data sets themselves.
Generation of influenza A viruses as live but replication-incompetent virus vaccines (2016)

Genetic code expansion and orthogonal translation machinery are used to generate live, attenuated viral vaccines.
Encryption Modes with Almost Free Message Integrity. (2000)

Abstract. We define a new mode of operation for block encryption which in addition to assuring confidentiality also assures message integrity. In contrast, previously for message integrity a separate pass was required to compute a cryptographic message authentication code (MAC). The new mode of operation, called Integrity Aware CBC (IACBC) requires a total of m + 2 block encryptions on a plain-text of length m blocks. The well known CBC (cipher block chaining) mode requires m block encryptions. The second pass of computing the CBC-MAC essentially requires additional m block encryptions. A new highly parallelizable mode (IAPM) is also shown to be secure for both encryption and message integrity. 1
Detection of t(11;18)(q21;q21) by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization using API2 and MLTspecific probes (2000)

The translocation of chromosome 11, long arm, region 2, band 1, to chromosome 18, long arm, region 2, band 1 (t(11;18)(q21;q21)) represents a recurrent chromosomal abnormality in extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type and leads to a fusion of the apoptosis inhibitor-2 (API2) gene on chromosome 11 and the MALT lymphoma-associated translocation (MLT) gene on chromosome 18. A 2-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay, which can be used for the detection of t(11;18) in interphase nuclei and metaphase chromosomes on fresh and archival tumor tissue, was developed. The P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) clone located immediately telomeric to the MLT gene and the PAC clone spanning the API2 gene were differentially labeled and used to visualize the derivative chromosome 11 resulting from t(11;18), as evident by the overlapping or juxtaposed red and green fluorescent signals. The assay was applied to interphase nuclei of 20 cases with nonmalignant conditions and 122 B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). The latter group comprised 20 cases of nodal follicle center cell lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell NHL, 10 cases of gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 10 cases of hairy cell leukemia, and 82 cases of MZBCL (41 extranodal from various locations, 19 nodal, and 22 splenic MZBCL) including 35 cases with an abnormal karyotype, 2 of which revealed t(11;18). By interphase FISH, t(11;18) was detected in 8 gastrointestinal low-grade MALT-type lymphomas including the 2 cytogenetically t(11;18)(+) cases. In the 8 t(11;18)(+) cases, the FISH results were confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using API2 and MLT specific primers. Our results indicate that t(11;18)(q21;q21) specifically characterizes a subgroup of low-grade MZBCL of the MALT-type and that the FISH assay described here is a highly specific and rapid test for the detection of this translocation.
Nanoclay-Based Solid Sorbents for CO<sub>2</sub> Capture (2013)

A solid sorbent for carbon dioxide capture was developed on the basis of montmorillonite nanoclay, which is a low-cost and easily available bulk material. This high specific surface area, platelet-like nanoclay with hydroxyl groups on edges was treated with aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and polyethylenimine to provide sites for CO2 capture. CO2 sorption tests showed fast kinetics and capture capacities as high as 7.5 wt % at atmospheric pressure and about 17 wt % at 2.07 MPa pressure in the temperature range of 75–85 °C. The regeneration of these nanoclays can be achieved using nitrogen at 100 °C or CO2 (dry or humid) at 155 °C as the sweep gases. Furthermore, pressure swing operation, employing vacuum at 85 °C, is also effective in regenerating the sorbent. This work shows that amine-modified montmorillonite nanoclay has the potential to provide a high-performing solid sorbent for CO2 capture.
Multi-Resolution Open-Top Light Sheet Microscopy Enabled by a Solid Immersion Meniscus Lens (SIMlens) (2020)

We report the development of a solid immersion meniscus lens (SIMlens), a wavefront-matching optical element for open-top light sheet microscopy that increases numerical aperture and enables multi-resolution imaging with air objectives.