gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Near-Zero Power Integrated Microsystems for the IOT (2021)

State-of-the-art sensors are not "smart" enough to identify targets of interest. They consume power continuously to monitor the environment even when there is no relevant data to be detected. This paper presents a new class of zero-power microsystems that fundamentally break the paradigm, remaining dormant, with zero-power consumption, until awakened by a specific physical signature associated with an event of interest. In particular, we demonstrate infrared (IR) digitizing sensors that consist of plasmonically enhanced micromechanical photoswitches (PMPs) that selectively harvest the impinging electromagnetic energy in design-defined spectral bands of interest and use it to create mechanically a conducting channel between two electrical contacts, without the need for any additional power source. Such a passive IR digitizer is capable of producing a wake-up bit when exposed to a specific IR spectral signature associated to a target of interest while rejecting background interference. Here we show the device characterization, system level integration with commercial off-the-shelf electronics, and three application examples of the zero-power IR sensors (plant water content monitoring, flame detection and human presence sensing). The capability of these zero-power sensors of consuming power only when useful information is present results in a nearly unlimited duration of operation, with a groundbreaking impact on the proliferation of the IoT.
A reliable architecture for FBG sensor systems (2003)

Abstract In this paper, we present a reliable architecture for the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system. The architecture can perform a self‐healing function in the event of a fiber‐link failure. Such a self‐healing function is constructed by using a bidirectional ring topology with a linear‐cavity fiber‐laser source. The fiber laser adopted in this system can enhance the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of the entire sensing network up to 50 dB. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed architecture. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 39: 479–482, 2003
An access point for mobile devices in a packet based network and a method and a system for billing in such a network (Japanese Patent Application, No. JP2004523143) (2004)

An access point for mobile devices in a packet based network and a method and a system for billing in such a network (Japanese Patent Application, No. JP2004523143)
Method for Distinguishing Humans and Animals in Vital Signs Monitoring Using IR-UWB Radar (2019)

Radar has been widely applied in many scenarios as a critical remote sensing tool for non-contact vital sign monitoring, particularly for sleep monitoring and heart rate measurement within the home environment. For non-contact monitoring with radar, interference from house pets is an important issue that has been neglected in the past. Many animals have respiratory frequencies similar to those of humans, and they are easily mistaken for human targets in non-contact monitoring, which would trigger a false alarm because of incorrect physiological parameters from the animal. In this study, humans and common pets in families, such as dogs, cats, and rabbits, were detected using an impulse radio ultrawideband (IR-UWB) radar, and the echo signals were analyzed in the time and frequency domains. Subsequently, based on the distinct in-body structure between humans and animals, we propose a parameter, the respiratory and heartbeat energy ratio (RHER), which reflects the contribution rate of breathing and heartbeat in the detected vital signs. Combining this parameter with the energy index, we developed a novel scheme to distinguish between humans and animals. In the developed scheme, after background noise removal and direct-current component suppression, an energy indicator is used to initially identify the target. The signal is then decomposed using a variational mode decomposition algorithm, and the variational intrinsic mode functions that represent human respiration and heartbeat components are obtained and utilized to calculate the RHER parameter. Finally, the RHER index is applied to rapidly distinguish between humans and animals. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach more effectively distinguishes between humans and animals in terms of monitoring vital signs than the existing methods. Furthermore, its rapidity and need for only minimal calculation resources enable it to meet the needs of real-time monitoring.
The Potential Selective Cytotoxicity of Poly (L- Lactic Acid)-Based Scaffolds Functionalized with Nanohydroxyapatite and Europium (III) Ions toward Osteosarcoma Cells (2019)

Osteosarcoma (OSA) is malignant bone tumor, occurring in children and adults, characterized by poor prognosis. Despite advances in chemotherapy and surgical techniques, the survival of osteosarcoma patients is not improving significantly. Currently, great efforts are taken to identify novel selective strategies, distinguishing between cancer and normal cells. This includes development of biomimetic scaffolds with anticancer properties that can simultaneously support and modulate proper regeneration of bone tissue. In this study cytotoxicity of scaffolds composed from poly (L-lactic acid) functionalized with nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) and doped with europium (III) ions-10 wt % 3 mol % Eu<sup>3+</sup>: nHAp@PLLA was tested using human osteosarcoma cells: U-2 OS, Saos-2 and MG-63. Human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (HuASCs) were used as non-transformed cells to determine the selective cytotoxicity of the carrier. Analysis included evaluation of cells morphology (confocal/scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), metabolic activity and apoptosis profile in cultures on the scaffolds. Results obtained indicated on high cytotoxicity of scaffolds toward all OSA cell lines, associated with a decrease of cells' viability, deterioration of metabolic activity and activation of apoptotic factors determined at mRNA and miRNA levels. Simultaneously, the biomaterials did not affect HuASCs' viability and proliferation rate. Obtained scaffolds showed a bioimaging function, due to functionalization with luminescent europium ions, and thus may find application in theranostics treatment of OSA.
<title>Wireless data transmission through in-band on-channel digital audio broadcasting</title> (1995)

USA Digital Radio (USADR) is finalizing the development of new state-of-the-art formats for in-band on-channel (IBOC) delivery of digital audio broadcasting (DAB). USADR's IBOC DAB systems are designed for top-notch digital audio delivery as well as enhanced ancillary data transmission capabilities. USADR's AM and FM IBOC DAB systems employ MUSICAM<SUP>R</SUP> source encoding as well as innovative modulation techniques which address the various radio channel impairments characteristic of AM and FM band propagation. The USADR IBOC DAB systems are designed to be backwards compatible with conventional AM and FM broadcasting for a seamless and cost-effective transition to DAB.
Double-sided flux-switching linear synchronous machine with yokeless translator (2012)

In this paper, a novel double-sided design of a 3υ permanent magnet flux-switching linear synchronous machine (FSLSM) with a yokeless translator is proposed. When compared to conventional flux-switching linear machines, it is found that the proposed design can achieve 56% higher thrust without compromising other features of the conventional flux-switching motor. The proposed design also exhibits excellent thrust versus current linearity even under high excitation currents. Force analysis of the proposed design is performed to establish the mechanical integrity of the design. The proposed linear motor is suitable and cost-effective for applications that require long strokes and may also, find uses in repeated oscillatory type applications.
Cerebrospinal fluid–suppressed T<sub>2</sub>‐weighted MR imaging at 7 T for human brain (2018)

As applied with the 8 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mo>×</mml:mo></mml:math> 2 transceiver, the MPFLAGRE sequence generates both whole-brain contrast suitable for lesional and T<sub>2</sub> -weighted imaging at 7 T in fewer than 10 minutes within the US Food and Drug Administration's specific absorption rate guidelines.
Design of potent non-peptide competitive antagonists of the human bradykinin B2 receptor (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleDesign of potent non-peptide competitive antagonists of the human bradykinin B2 receptorJoseph M. Salvino, Peter R. Seoane, Brent D. Douty, Mohamad M. A. Awad, Roland E. Dolle, Wayne T. Houck, David M. Faunce, and David G. SawutzCite this: J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 17, 2583–2584Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1993https://doi.org/10.1021/jm00069a021RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views97Altmetric-Citations85LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (286 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Site-specific protein modifications through pyrroline-carboxy-lysine residues (2011)

Pyrroline-carboxy-lysine (Pcl) is a demethylated form of pyrrolysine that is generated by the pyrrolysine biosynthetic enzymes when the growth media is supplemented with D-ornithine. Pcl is readily incorporated by the unmodified pyrrolysyl-tRNA/tRNA synthetase pair into proteins expressed in Escherichia coli and in mammalian cells. Here, we describe a broadly applicable conjugation chemistry that is specific for Pcl and orthogonal to all other reactive groups on proteins. The reaction of Pcl with 2-amino-benzaldehyde or 2-amino-acetophenone reagents proceeds to near completion at neutral pH with high efficiency. We illustrate the versatility of the chemistry by conjugating Pcl proteins with poly(ethylene glycol)s, peptides, oligosaccharides, oligonucleotides, fluorescence, and biotin labels and other small molecules. Because Pcl is genetically encoded by TAG codons, this conjugation chemistry enables enhancements of the pharmacology and functionality of proteins through site-specific conjugation.
WinCuts (2004)

Each window on our computer desktop provides a view into some information. Although users can currently manipulate multiple windows, we assert that being able to spatially arrange smaller regions of these windows could help users perform certain tasks more efficiently. In this paper, we describe a novel interaction technique that allows users to replicate arbitrary regions of existing windows into independent windows called WinCuts. Each WinCut is a live view of a region of the source window with which users can interact. We also present an extension that allows users to share WinCuts across multiple devices. Next, we classify the set of tasks for which WinCuts may be useful, both in single as well as multiple device scenarios. We present high level implementation details so that other researchers can replicate this work. And finally, we discuss future work that we will pursue in extending these ideas.
A Soft-Inflatable Exosuit for Knee Rehabilitation: Assisting Swing Phase During Walking (2018)

In this paper, we present a soft-inflatable exosuit to assist knee extension during gait training for stroke rehabilitation. The soft exosuit is designed to provide 25% of the knee moment required during the swing phase of the gait cycle and is integrated with inertial measurement units (IMUs) and <i>smart shoe</i> insole sensors to improve gait phase detection and controller design. The stiffness of the knee joint during level walking is computed using inverse dynamics. The soft-inflatable actuators, with an I cross-section, are mechanically characterized at varying angles to enable generation of the required stiffness outputs. A linear relation between the inflatable actuator stiffness and internal pressure as a function of the knee angle is obtained, and a two-layer stiffness controller is implemented to assist the knee joint by providing appropriate stiffness during the swing phase. Finally, to evaluate the ability of the exosuit to assist in swing motion, surface-electromyography (sEMG) sensors are placed on the three muscle groups of the quadriceps and two groups of the hamstrings, on three healthy participants. A reduction in muscle activity of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis is observed, which demonstrates feasibility of operation and potential future usage of the soft inflatable exosuit by impaired users.
Anatomical modeling of the bronchial tree (2010)

The bronchial tree is of direct clinical importance in the context of respective diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It furthermore constitutes a reference structure for object localization in the lungs and it finally provides access to lung tissue in, e.g., bronchoscope based procedures for diagnosis and therapy. This paper presents a comprehensive anatomical model for the bronchial tree, including statistics of position, relative and absolute orientation, length, and radius of 34 bronchial segments, going beyond previously published results. The model has been built from 16 manually annotated CT scans, covering several branching variants. The model is represented as a centerline/tree structure but can also be converted in a surface representation. Possible model applications are either to anatomically label extracted bronchial trees or to improve the tree extraction itself by identifying missing segments or sub-trees, e.g., if located beyond a bronchial stenosis. Bronchial tree labeling is achieved using a naïve Bayesian classifier based on the segment properties contained in the model in combination with tree matching. The tree matching step makes use of branching variations covered by the model. An evaluation of the model has been performed in a leaveone- out manner. In total, 87% of the branches resulting from preceding airway tree segmentation could be correctly labeled. The individualized model enables the detection of missing branches, allowing a targeted search, e.g., a local rerun of the tree-segmentation segmentation.
Multiple Target Tracking Using Spatio-Temporal Markov Chain Monte Carlo Data Association (2007)

We propose a framework for general multiple target tracking, where the input is a set of candidate regions in each frame, as obtained from a state of the art background learning, and the goal is to recover trajectories of targets over time from noisy observations. Due to occlusions by targets and static objects, noisy segmentation and false alarms, one foreground region may not correspond to one target faithfully. Therefore the one-to-one assumption used in most data association algorithm is not always satisfied. Our method overcomes the one-to-one assumption by formulating the visual tracking problem in terms of finding the best spatial and temporal association of observations, which maximizes the consistency of both motion and appearance of trajectories. To avoid enumerating all possible solutions, we take a data driven Markov chain Monte Carlo (DD-MCMC) approach to sample the solution space efficiently. The sampling is driven by an informed proposal scheme controlled by a joint probability model combining motion and appearance. To make sure the Markov chain to converge to a desired distribution, we propose an automatic approach to determine the parameters in the target distribution. Comparative experiments with quantitative evaluations are provided.
Role of the Cold-Box Region in the 5′ Untranslated Region of the <i>cspA</i> mRNA in Its Transient Expression at Low Temperature in <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1998)

Upon temperature downshift, a group of proteins called cold shock proteins, such as CspA, CspB, and CsdA, are transiently induced in Escherichia coli. However, when the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of cspA mRNA is overproduced at low temperature, the expression of cold shock genes is prolonged or derepressed. It has been proposed that this effect is due to highly conserved 11-base sequences designated the "cold box" existing in the 5' UTRs of cspA, cspB, and csdA. Here, we demonstrate that the overproduction of the 5' UTR of not only cspA but also cspB and csdA mRNAs causes derepression of all three genes at the same time. Conversely, when the cold-box region was deleted from the cspA 5' UTR its derepression function was abolished. The amount of mRNA from the chromosomal cspA gene was much higher in cells overproducing the wild-type 5' UTR by means of a plasmid than it was in cells overproducing the cold-box-deleted 5' UTR. The stability of the chromosomal cspA mRNA in cells overproducing the wild-type 5' UTR was almost identical to that in cells overproducing the cold-box-deleted 5' UTR. Therefore, the derepression of cspA caused by overproduction of 5' UTR at the end of the acclimation phase occurs at the level of transcription but not by mRNA stabilization, indicating that the cold-box region plays a negative role in cspA transcription in cold shock-adapted cells. The role of the cold-box region was further confirmed with a cspA mutant strain containing a cold-box-deleted cspA gene integrated into the chromosome, which showed a high level of constitutive production of CspA but not CspB during exponential growth at low temperature.
New Beauveriolides Produced by Amino Acid‐Supplemented Fermentation of Beauveria sp. FO‐6979 (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Abstract A039: Accurate identification and prioritization of candidate neoantigens from cancer exome sequencing (2016)

Abstract Somatic, nonsynonymous genetic alterations present in cancer can lead to the formation of novel protein sequences and thus production of immunogenic “non-self” neoantigens. Those neoantigens with sufficient expression will be processed and presented on MHC molecules, subsequently inducing a tumor-specific T cell response. Emerging data from clinical studies suggest that neoantigen load and composition is associated with the efficacy of some immunotherapies. As neoantigens play central a role in the cancer-immunity cycle, it is critical to identify the most potent immunogenic neoantigens effectively and accurately. Here we have leveraged highly accurate cancer whole exome (WES) analyses from FFPE tumor tissue with a state-of-the-art analysis protocol to identify and prioritize candidate neoantigens most likely to promote an immune response. ImmunoSelect-R utilizes somatic variants from WES to ensure detection of true somatic peptides and minimize false positives, and provides accurate HLA typing from whole exome sequencing data with &gt;99.9% sensitivity and specificity. When applied to a set of experimentally validated neoantigens, ImmunoSelect correctly classified 18 out of 19 as strong neoantigen candidates, suggesting a sensitivity of greater than 90%. Moreover, in a small set of 10 patients, ImmunoSelect consistently ranked experimentally validated neoantigens within top 20% of all neoantigen candidates derived from whole exome sequencing. In summary, ImmunoSelect is able to identify and prioritize candidate neoantigens from cancer exome sequencing results effectively and accurately, enabling personalized cancer vaccine development, adoptive T-cell transfer, and prediction of response to checkpoint inhibitors Citation Format: James White, John Simmons, Sam Angiuoli, Mark Sausen, Sian Jones, Lisa Kann, Manish Shukla, Maria Sevdali, Victor Velculescu, Luis Diaz, Theresa Zhang. Accurate identification and prioritization of candidate neoantigens from cancer exome sequencing [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; 2016 Sept 25-28; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A039.
Synthesis of GaN Crystal Using Gallium Hydride (2004)

A new method for synthesizing a large area of c -axis GaN film was developed. The gallium hydride which was formed by the reaction between metal-Ga and hydrogen gas was used as the Ga source, and reacted with NH 3 gas to grow GaN crystals on the sapphire (0001) substrate. 2.7 µm-thick GaN film with c -axis orientation could be grown on the substrate. Stable conditions for the synthesis of gallium hydride by the reaction of H 2 gas with metal-Ga were examined. As a result, gallium hydride is stable at about 1000°C which is a temperature commonly used for the growth of GaN. These results show that the use of gallium hydride as the predominant species of the Ga source can provide a relatively inexpensive method of growing GaN crystals at a high level of purity.
A field programmable transistor array featuring single-cycle partial/full dynamic reconfiguration (2017)

We introduce a CMOS computational fabric consisting of carefully arranged regular rows and columns of transistors which can be individually configured and appropriately interconnected in order to implement a target digital circuit. Termed Field Programmable Transistor Array (FPTA), this novel reconfigurable architecture enables several highly-desirable features including (i) simultaneous storage of three configurations along with the ability to dynamically switch between them in a fraction of a single cycle, while retaining the fabric's computational state, (ii) rapid or full modification of a stored configuration in a time proportional to the number of modified configuration bits through the use of hierarchically arranged, high throughput, asynchronously pipelined memory buffers, and (iii) support for libraries containing cells of the same height and variable width, just as in a typical standard cell circuit, thereby simplifying transition from a prototype to a custom IC design. Besides presenting the design details of this fabric in a 130nm technology and demonstrating the aforementioned capabilities, we also briefly discuss the development of a complete CAD flow for programing this fabric and we use numerous benchmark circuits to contrast its area efficiency against a typical FPGA implemented in the same technology node.
ChemInform Abstract: RELATION OF CONFORMATION TO ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF PLATINUM(II) COMPLEXES OF 1,2‐CYCLOHEXANEDIAMINE AND 2‐(AMINOMETHYL)CYCLOHEXYLAMINE ISOMERS AGAINST LEUKEMIA P388 (1981)

Abstract Die Platin‐Komplexe (IV) und (V) sowie weitere Platin(II)‐oxalato‐ und Platin(II)‐D‐glucuronato‐Komplexe werden auf ihre Wirkung gegen Leukämie P388 untersucht.