gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Sign-Component-Based Framework for Chinese Sign Language Recognition Using Accelerometer and sEMG Data (2012)

Identification of constituent components of each sign gesture can be beneficial to the improved performance of sign language recognition (SLR), especially for large-vocabulary SLR systems. Aiming at developing such a system using portable accelerometer (ACC) and surface electromyographic (sEMG) sensors, we propose a framework for automatic Chinese SLR at the component level. In the proposed framework, data segmentation, as an important preprocessing operation, is performed to divide a continuous sign language sentence into subword segments. Based on the features extracted from ACC and sEMG data, three basic components of sign subwords, namely the hand shape, orientation, and movement, are further modeled and the corresponding component classifiers are learned. At the decision level, a sequence of subwords can be recognized by fusing the likelihoods at the component level. The overall classification accuracy of 96.5% for a vocabulary of 120 signs and 86.7% for 200 sentences demonstrate the feasibility of interpreting sign components from ACC and sEMG data and clearly show the superior recognition performance of the proposed method when compared with the previous SLR method at the subword level. The proposed method seems promising for implementing large-vocabulary portable SLR systems.
영국 도덕 교육의 교육과정 (2003)

영국의 가치 도덕교육은 교육 목적과 일반 교수 지침이 국가 교육과정 교과들의 독립 교과적 접근, 교과공통 접근 및 교과공통 주제 접근들, 비-법정 교육 내지 교과에 대한 모듈 접근, 교수방법 접근, 학교 생활 접근, 교과 외 특별활동 접근, 교사 자체의 접근 등을 통해서 다양한 명칭으로 복잡하게 구체화되고 있다. 영국의 국가교육과정은 모든 교과와 교육이 크게 두 가지 상위 목적에 충실할 것을 규정하고 있는데, 그 목적 진술은 넓은 의미의 도덕교육을 함축하고 있다. 국가교육과정 내에서 교과들이 도덕교육을 수행하고 있다. 국가 교육과정을 통해서 교수 되는 가치 및 도덕들은 두 개의 범주로 나누어진다. 교과목 자체에 내재적인 가치 도덕과, 그 자체에 대해서 내재적이진 아니지만 그 교과목들을 교수함에 있어서 포함되는 가치 도덕들이다. 국가교육과정 교과목으로 도덕교육의 기능을 수행하는 과목은 이다. 은 2002년 제3학기부터 주요 수준 3, 4에서 필수로 부과되는 독립교과이다. 외재적 가치로 가치 도덕이 다루어지는 교과들은 역사, 국어, 현대외국어, 수학, 과학, 지리, 체육, 기술, 미술 등 전 교과목들로서, 각 교과의 활동계획에는 국가교육과정의 일반목적 및 가치 도덕교육과의 연계 부문이 제시되어 있다. 국가교육과정 이외의 교육 혹은 교과로서 도덕교육을 기능을 수행하는 중요한 두 개의 교과가 있다. 과 이다. 비록, 국정 교육과정 교과목으로 지정되어 있지는 않으나 실질적으로 거의 모든 학교에서 학교 교육과정에 독립교과 혹은 별도의 시간 배정, 혹은 여러 교과에서의 관련 주제들 삽입 등을 통해서 다루어지고 있다. 그런가 하며, 교과 외로 ``집단예배``와 ``학생지도``를 반드시 실시하도록 하고 있어 실천적인 도덕교육을 병행하고 있다. 마지막으로, 영국의 교육과정은 교과나 교육내용 못지않게 교육방법이나 학교 분위기를 통한 도덕교육을 강조하고 있는 바, 여러 도덕교육 방법들이 전 교과를 통해서 권장되고 있고, 각종 학생 기구나 규율 등의 형태로 도덕적인 학교 분위기를 조성하고 있다.
Removal of time-varying Doppler using phase tracking with application to ocean warming measurements (1994)

Coded signals received by a moving receiver or from a moving source exhibit a time-scaling Doppler effect that can be detrimental to their ability to be correctly decoded. The effect is especially critical for the highly Doppler sensitive pseudo-random noise M sequences frequently used to measure propagation travel times. This paper develops a technique to measure dynamic Doppler effects empirically by tracking the phase of the transmitted carrier, and to remove such effects through interpolation and resampling of the signal. These techniques were very effective for simulated signals and will in the future be employed to help resolve the propagation times of the Heard Island feasibility test data collected by the Canadian receivers.
Passive integration on Si for RF circuits in wireless applications (2003)

A technology is described for the integration of high quality factor inductors and capacitors on high ohmic silicon. The performance is optimised for resonator and matching circuits in RF wireless applications. This is demonstrated by the design and measurement of an integrated output match for a GSM power amplifier which has comparable performance to a conventional hybrid module.
Interleukin-2 in cancer therapy. (1988)

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a true biological response modifier. Unlike alpha-interferon, which acts directly, IL-2 mediates its antitumor effects through complex indirect effects on the immune system. IL-2 used alone shows documented antitumor activity, which is both dose and schedule related. Antitumor activity may be increased by the use of either IL-2 in combination with other cytokines or monoclonal antibodies or both types of agents in combination with activated effector cytotoxic lymphocytes. In humans, data suggest that IL-2s rapid initial clearance is due to movement into an extravascular compartment from which IL-2 returns more slowly to the plasma. Toxicity appears to be due entirely to IL-2, rather than to transfused lymphocytes. IL-2 administered by continuous infusion is superior to bolus administration. However, at total daily-dose equivalence continuous infusion of IL-2 is both more toxic and more biologically active than bolus administration, with respect to the height of post-IL-2 rebound lymphocytosis, the generation of activated circulating lymphocytes, and lymphokine-activated killer-cell precursors. The question remains unresolved as to whether the toxicity of IL-2 therapy is necessary for the attainment of optimal clinical results. From currently available data, it appears that a minority of patients treated with IL-2 show clinically significant responses, and only 5% to 10% achieve durable complete responses. Nevertheless, these reproducible responses have occurred in tumors refractory to more conventional treatment. The reasons for non-response are unclear, but many avenues of investigation suggest that IL-2 therapy may be made both more active and more tolerable through the use of alternative doses and schedules and the use of IL-2 in combination with defined antitumor effector lymphocytes, with concomitant or sequential administration of other cytokines, or together with monoclonal antibodies.
Optimizing Vehicle Occupant Packaging (2006)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Occupant packaging practice relies on statistical models codified in SAE practices, such as the SAE J941 eyellipse, and virtual human figure models representing individual occupants. The current packaging approach provides good solutions when the problem is relatively unconstrained, but achieving good results when many constraints are active, such as restricted headroom and sightlines, requires a more rigorous approach. Modeling driver needs using continuous models that retain the residual variance associated with performance and preference allows use of optimization methodologies developed for robust design. Together, these models and methods facilitate the consideration of multiple factors simultaneously and tradeoff studies can be performed. A case study involving the layout of the interior of a passenger car is presented, focusing on simultaneous placement of the seat and steering wheel adjustment ranges. Tradeoffs between adjustability, driver accommodation, and exterior vision are explored under this paradigm. These results are contrasted with those obtained using boundary manikins.</div>
<i>In situ</i> recovery of bio-based carboxylic acids (2018)

The economics of chemical and biological processes is often dominated by the expense of downstream product separations from dilute product streams.
Fluidization of coated group C powders (2007)

Abstract While it is well known that flow aids such as fumed silica can be added to improve flowability and fluidizability of cohesive powders, the improvements observed depend on how well the flow aids are blended together with the cohesive powders. In this work, dry particle coating is used to deposit a very small amount of nano‐sized particles (as low as 0.01 wt %) with a high degree of precision onto the surface of cohesive, Geldart Group C powders to make them fluidize like Group A powders. A model taking into account the effect of the size of the guest and host particles as well as surface area coverage (SAC) of the coated nano‐sized particles is developed to predict the effect of coating on the adhesion reduction of cohesive powders. A series of experiments are performed to investigate the improvement in the fluidizability of dry particle coated Group C powders (e.g., cornstarch and aluminum), and the effect of various parameters such as SAC, guest particle size and host particle size are systematically investigated. The results clearly show the effect of each of these parameters on the fluidization behavior of cohesive powders, and also validate the model. The study also indicates that a critical SAC is required to make the coated cornstarch fluidize, which is about 5%; the smaller the guest size, the better its effect on improved fluidizability, although the improvement is reduced if the guest size is smaller than about 10 nm; and if the conditions regarding the SAC and guest size are satisfied, dry particle coating will significantly improve the fluidization of cohesive particles even as small as 5–10 μm. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008
Zero-Shot Learning via Joint Latent Similarity Embedding (2016)

Zero-shot recognition (ZSR) deals with the problem of predicting class labels for target domain instances based on source domain side information (e.g. attributes) of unseen classes. We formulate ZSR as a binary prediction problem. Our resulting classifier is class-independent. It takes an arbitrary pair of source and target domain instances as input and predicts whether or not they come from the same class, i.e. whether there is a match. We model the posterior probability of a match since it is a sufficient statistic and propose a latent probabilistic model in this context. We develop a joint discriminative learning framework based on dictionary learning to jointly learn the parameters of our model for both domains, which ultimately leads to our class-independent classifier. Many of the existing embedding methods can be viewed as special cases of our probabilistic model. On ZSR our method shows 4.90% improvement over the state-of-the-art in accuracy averaged across four benchmark datasets. We also adapt ZSR method for zero-shot retrieval and show 22.45% improvement accordingly in mean average precision (mAP).
Multisensor vehicle-mounted teleoperated mine detector with data fusion (1998)

The Improved Landmine Detector Project (ILDP) was initiated in Autumn 1994 to develop a prototype teleoperated vehicle mounted mine detector for low metal content and nonmetallic mines to meet the Canadian requirements for rear area mine clearance in combat situations and peacekeeping on roads and tracks. The relatively relaxed requirements, such as low speed and reduced detectability of completely nonmetallic mines, greatly increase the likelihood of success. The ILDP system consists of a unique teleoperated vehicle carrying a forward looking infrared imager, a 3 m wide down-looking highly sensitive electromagnetic induction detector and a 3 m wide down-looking ground probing radar, which all scan the ground in front of the vehicle. Scanning sensor information is combined using a suite of navigation sensors and custom designed navigation, spatial correspondence and data fusion algorithms. Suspect targets are then confirmed by a thermal neutron analysis detector. A key element to the success of the system is the combination of sensor information. This requires coordinated communication between the sensors and navigation system and well designed sensor co-registration, spatial correspondence and data fusion methodologies. These complex tasks are discussed in detail. The advanced development model was completed in October 1997 and testing and improvements are ongoing. Results of system performance during extensive field trials are presented. A follow-on project has been initiated to build four to six production units for the Canadian Forces by the year 2000.
Computational materials design of crystalline solids (2016)

The modelling of materials properties and processes from first principles is becoming sufficiently accurate as to facilitate the design and testing of new systems in silico. Computational materials science is both valuable and increasingly necessary for developing novel functional materials and composites that meet the requirements of next-generation technology. A range of simulation techniques are being developed and applied to problems related to materials for energy generation, storage and conversion including solar cells, nuclear reactors, batteries, fuel cells, and catalytic systems. Such techniques may combine crystal-structure prediction (global optimisation), data mining (materials informatics) and high-throughput screening with elements of machine learning. We explore the development process associated with computational materials design, from setting the requirements and descriptors to the development and testing of new materials. As a case study, we critically review progress in the fields of thermoelectrics and photovoltaics, including the simulation of lattice thermal conductivity and the search for Pb-free hybrid halide perovskites. Finally, a number of universal chemical-design principles are advanced.
Max-Min Fair Bandwidth Allocation Algorithms for Packet Switches (2007)

With the rapid development of broadband applications, the capability of networks to provide quality of service (QoS) has become an important issue. Fair scheduling algorithms are a common approach for switches and routers to support QoS. All fair scheduling algorithms are running based on a bandwidth allocation scheme. The scheme should be feasible in order to be applied in practice, and should be efficient to fully utilize available bandwidth and allocate bandwidth in a fair manner. However, since a single input port or output port of a switch has only the bandwidth information of its local flows (i.e., the flows traversing itself), it is difficult to obtain a globally feasible and efficient bandwidth allocation scheme. In this paper, we show how to fairly allocate bandwidth in packet switches based on the max-min fairness principle. We first formulate the problem, and give the definitions of feasibility and max-min fairness for bandwidth allocation in packet switches. As the first step to solve the problem, we consider the simpler unicast scenarios, and present the max-min fair bandwidth allocation algorithm for unicast traffic. We then extend the analysis to the more general multicast scenarios, and present the max-min fair bandwidth allocation algorithm for multicast traffic. We prove that both algorithms achieve max-min fairness, and analyze their complexity. The proposed algorithms are universally applicable to any type of switches and scheduling algorithms.
A method for statistical downscaling of seasonal ensemble predictions (2005)

A model output statistics based method for downscaling seasonal ensemble predictions is outlined, and examplesof ensemble predictions of precipitation and 2-m temperature are verified against observing stations in Scandinavia, Europe, north-western America, the contiguous United States and Australia. The downscaling from seasonal ensemblepredictions from coupled ocean/atmosphere general circulation models to daily precipitation time series for individualobserving stations is performed in three steps: (i) a spatial downscaling of ensemble mean seasonal means from dynamicalmodel output to station level by means of patterns derived from a singular value decomposition analysis of model outputand observations; (ii) application of the downscaling transformation to the model output ensemble and subsequentcalibration of the downscaled ensemble; (iii) a stochastic generation of daily precipitation conditioned on predictionsof the probability of a wet day in the season and daily persistence. In the majority of the examples, the downscaling isfound to provide more skilful predictions than the raw dynamical model output.
Ornithine decarboxylase G316A genotype and colorectal cancer risk (2010)

The G316 > A functional variant in the ODC gene is unlikely to make much impact on reducing CRC risk regardless of the reduction in risk found for the recurrence of colorectal adenoma.
Silicon-on-insulator material for sensors and accelerometers (1996)

Using commercially available silicon on insulator (SOI) starting material gives the opportunity for a manufacturable acceleration sensor fabricated using a single wafer process. A focused ion beam (FIB) is used to cut a Si cantilever at an oblique angle to form the gap in the structure. This overall process sequence is simple and for high-value sensors it is not a serious disadvantage to use the serial FIB process to cut the beams. The general approach of using bonded silicon-on-insulator wafers for machining single crystal Si micromechanical structures is simple, flexible and has many possible applications in sensors and MEMS.
Reviews (1982)

Reviews Get access The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations . Third Edition. Pp. xx+907 . Oxford : Oxford University Press , 1979 . £12.50. ANTHONY W. SHIPPS ANTHONY W. SHIPPS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume 29, Issue 1, February 1982, Pages 86–88, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/29-1-86 Published: 01 February 1982
Cardiovascular Burden Associated with Uremic Toxins in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (2013)

Uremic toxins play an important role in the progression of cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD. Further studies are needed to better characterize the impact of these compounds on cardiovascular outcomes. Beneficial treatments are currently available that, in preliminary studies, appear to neutralize some of the adverse effects of uremic toxins. Large randomized clinical trials are needed to further determine the utility of these varied therapeutic agents.
Physical Map and Organization of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Chromosome 4 (1995)

A physical map of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 4 was constructed in yeast artificial chromosome clones and used to analyze the organization of the chromosome. Mapping of the nucleolar organizing region and the centromere integrated the physical and cytogenetic maps. Detailed comparison of physical with genetic distances showed that the frequency of recombination varied substantially, with relative hot and cold spots occurring along the whole chromosome. Eight repeated DNA sequence families were found in a complex arrangement across the centromeric region and nowhere else on the chromosome.
A cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b′]dithiophene–porphyrin conjugate for mesoscopic solar cells: a D–π–D–A approach (2014)

This work introduces cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b']dithiophene (CPDT) as a spacer between the porphyrin chromophore and cyanoacetic acid to obtain a porphyrin dye (coded as LW9). The resultant novel porphyrin dye exhibits extended absorption spectra and a split B band at 520 nm. Therefore, a full spectrum light harvesting characterization of sensitized TiO2 mesoporous film can be achieved. To conduct a thorough investigation of the influence of the spacer unit, new sensitizers conjugated with biphenyl (LW7) and bithiophene (LW8) have been synthesized. As the electron-donating ability of the spacer varies from biphenyl to bithiophene and cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b']dithiophene, stepwise red-shifted electronic absorption spectra and the consistently decreasing energy gap of the dye are presented. These novel porphyrins have been evaluated in dye-sensitized solar cells, achieving a power efficiency of 6.5% employing a [Co(bpy)3](2+/3+) redox couple for the LW9 device under reporting conditions. Detailed investigation, including time-resolved photoluminescence, transient photovoltage decay, and scanning electrochemical spectroscopy measurements, provides important information on the factors affecting the principal photovoltaic parameters. The present report highlights the potential of D-π-D-A porphyrin for the development of efficient sensitizers with broad light absorption properties.
Quantitative computed tomography estimates of the mechanical properties of human vertebral trabecular bone (2002)

The objective of this study was to report our quantitative computed tomography (QCT) density-mechanical property regressions for trabecular bone for use in biomechanical modelling of the human spine. Cylindrical specimens of human vertebral trabecular bone (from T10 to L4) were cored from 32 cadavers (mean +/- SD age = 70.1 +/- 16.8; 13 females, 19 males) and scanned using QCT. Mechanical tests were conducted using a protocol that minimized end-artifacts over the apparent density range tested (0.09-0.38 g/cm3). To account for the presence of multiple specimens per donor in this data set, donor was treated as a random effect in the regression model. Mean modulus (319 +/- 189 MPa) was higher and mean yield strain (0.78 +/- 0.06%) was lower than typical values reported previously due to minimization of the end-artifact errors. QCT density showed a strong positive correlation with modulus (n = 76) and yield stress (r2 = 0.90-0.95, n = 53, p < 0.001). There was a weak positive linear correlation with yield strain (r2 = 0.58, n = 53, p = 0.07). Prediction errors, incurred when estimating modulus or strength for specimens from a new donor, were 30-36% of the mean values of these properties. Direct QCT density-mechanical property regressions gave more precise predictions of mechanical properties than if physically measured wet apparent density was used as an intermediate variable to predict mechanical properties from QCT density. Use of these QCT density-mechanical property regressions should improve the fidelity of QCT-based biomechanical models of the human spine for whole bone and bone-implant analyses.
Toxicity after radiochemotherapy for glioblastoma using temozolomide - a retrospective evaluation (2011)

Our survival data were well within the range taken from the literature. However, we noticed a considerable frequency and intensity of side effects to bone marrow and liver. These lead to the recommendations that regular examinations of blood cell count and liver enzymes should be performed during therapy and temozolomide should not be applied or application should be terminated according to the criteria given by the manufacturer.