gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of Rapid Medical Evacuation System for Trauma Patients Resulting from Biological and Chemical Terrorist Attacks (2006)

In the event of a large scale, biological or chemical terrorist attack it is unlikely that local emergency response organizations will have sufficient quantities of dedicated ambulances to evacuate all of the affected victims. As a potential solution to this problem, we have developed a device that can be retrofitted to a variety of government or civilian utility vehicles in order to convert them for emergency medical transport (US Pat. 7,028,351). Each installed device allows the host vehicle to safely transport either a single patient on a stretcher or multiple ambulatory patients. Additionally, each device provides a means for temporary or permanent attachment of emergency medical equipment. When not in use, the device can be collapsed to improve ease and efficiency of storage. Preliminary analyses of certain highly loaded structures on the device were carried out using known principles of solid mechanics. The analyses were carried out assuming the highest reasonable loading condition. This condition was determined to occur when the device is configured for the transport three 95(th) percentile males and 20 kg of medical equipment. This loading condition was assumed to be more severe than any that might occur due to an attendant performing CPR, or any other medical procedures, on a single supine patient. The base sections of the load bearing stretcher supports were then modeled using 3D CAD software and run through a finite element analysis (FEA) as a means to more accurately simulate the stresses that are likely to occur in the actual parts. As the device must be highly mobile, these analyses were used to confirm that the load bearing structures can be manufactured from low cost materials and still be light enough to be easily transported. Future work will include sizing and installation studies to ensure that the production version of the device can be rapidly implemented in a wide variety of private, commercial, and government utility vehicles.
Automatic Sublining for Efficient Sparse Memory Accesses (2021)

Sparse memory accesses, which are scattered accesses to single elements of a large data structure, are a challenge for current processor architectures. Their lack of spatial and temporal locality and their irregularity makes caches and traditional stream prefetchers useless. Furthermore, performing standard caching and prefetching on sparse accesses wastes precious memory bandwidth and thrashes caches, deteriorating performance for regular accesses. Bypassing prefetchers and caches for sparse accesses, and fetching only a single element (e.g., 8 B) from main memory (subline access), can solve these issues. Deciding which accesses to handle as sparse accesses and which as regular cached accesses, is a challenging task, with a large potential impact on performance. Not only is performance reduced by treating sparse accesses as regular accesses, not caching accesses that do have locality also negatively impacts performance by significantly increasing their latency and bandwidth consumption. Furthermore, this decision depends on the dynamic environment, such as input set characteristics and system load, making a static decision by the programmer or compiler suboptimal. We propose the Instruction Spatial Locality Estimator ( ISLE ), a hardware detector that finds instructions that access isolated words in a sea of unused data. These sparse accesses are dynamically converted into uncached subline accesses, while keeping regular accesses cached. ISLE does not require modifying source code or binaries, and adapts automatically to a changing environment (input data, available bandwidth, etc.). We apply ISLE to a graph analytics processor running sparse graph workloads, and show that ISLE outperforms the performance of no subline accesses, manual sublining, and prior work on detecting sparse accesses.
A Visual Analytics Framework for Contrastive Network Analysis (2020)

A common network analysis task is comparison of two networks to identify unique characteristics in one network with respect to the other. For example, when comparing protein interaction networks derived from normal and cancer tissues, one essential task is to discover protein-protein interactions unique to cancer tissues. However, this task is challenging when the networks contain complex structural (and semantic) relations. To address this problem, we design ContraNA, a visual analytics framework leveraging both the power of machine learning for uncovering unique characteristics in networks and also the effectiveness of visualization for understanding such uniqueness. The basis of ContraNA is cNRL, which integrates two machine learning schemes, network representation learning (NRL) and contrastive learning (CL), to generate a low-dimensional embedding that reveals the uniqueness of one network when compared to another. ContraNA provides an interactive visualization interface to help analyze the uniqueness by relating embedding results and network structures as well as explaining the learned features by cNRL. We demonstrate the usefulness of ContraNA with two case studies using real-world datasets. We also evaluate through a controlled user study with 12 participants on network comparison tasks. The results show that participants were able to both effectively identify unique characteristics from complex networks and interpret the results obtained from cNRL.
Production of glutathione peroxidase by Mucor hiemalis. (1983)

The distribution of glutathione peroxidase was investigated among microorganisms. Glutathione peroxidase was found in the cell-free extracts of molds belonging to the genus Mucor, and Mucor hiemalis showed the highest enzyme activity. The glutathione peroxidase production by M. hiemalis was almost completely associated with the mycelial growth. The addition of oxidants such as hydroperoxides and antioxidants such as glutathione and α-tocopherol did not significantly affect the enzyme production.
Banana bunchy top nanovirus DNA-1 encodes the ‘master’ replication initiation protein (2001)

Banana bunchy top nanovirus has a multicomponent, circular single-stranded DNA genome comprising at least six integral components, BBTV DNA-1 to -6, which have been consistently associated with bunchy top disease worldwide. At least three other components, BBTV S1, S2 and Y, which have been isolated from Taiwanese BBTV isolates, do not appear to be integral components. We show here that both BBTV DNA-1 and S1, which encode replication initiation (Rep) proteins, were capable of self-replication when bombarded into banana embryogenic cell suspensions. However, only BBTV DNA-1 was capable of directing the replication of two other BBTV genomic components, namely BBTV DNA-3 which encodes the coat protein, and DNA-5 which encodes a retinoblastoma binding-like protein. These results indicate that (i) BBTV DNA-1 is the minimal replicative unit of BBTV and encodes the 'master' viral Rep and (ii) BBTV S1 is possibly a satellite DNA which is unable to replicate integral BBTV components.
Selective separation of nickel(II) by dimethylglyoxime-treated polyurethane foam (1976)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelective separation of nickel(II) by dimethylglyoxime-treated polyurethane foamDai Woon. Lee and Mordehai. HalmannCite this: Anal. Chem. 1976, 48, 14, 2214–2217Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1976https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50008a041https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50008a041research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views245Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Diamond-based surface acoustic wave devices (2003)

Research and development have been carried out to apply the CVD diamond film to surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices. Several kinds of layered structures including a diamond layer have been investigated by the calculations and experiments, and it has been found that the diamond SAW has great advantages for the application of high-frequency SAW devices with high SAW velocity, small temperature coefficient and high power durability. Practical SAW devices have been successfully fabricated with ZnO/diamond/Si and SiO2/ZnO/diamond/Si structures whose characteristics are superior to those with conventional SAW materials.
Automated mass immunization of poultry: the prospect for nonreplicating human adenovirus-vectored<i>in ovo</i>vaccines (2007)

Automated in ovo vaccination is an efficient method for mass immunization of poultry. Although in ovo vaccination has been used to mass immunize chickens against several infectious diseases, there are common poultry diseases for which in ovo-compatible vaccines are not commercially available. It was recently demonstrated that in ovo administration of a nonreplicating human adenovirus vector encoding an avian influenza virus hemagglutinin induced protective immunity against highly pathogenic avian influenza. The advantages of this new class of poultry vaccine include in ovo delivery of a wide variety of pathogen-derived antigens, high potency in a single-dose regimen, rapid production in response to increased demand, no replication of the vector, no pre-existing immunity to human adenovirus in chickens, compatibility with automated in ovo administration and no interference with epidemiological surveys of natural infections.
On SIP performance (2004)

The performance characteristics of Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) network elements determine what services can be supported by SIP networks. These elements must be able to provide customers with appropriate response times for new services, e.g., push-to-talk service. In IP-telephony converged networks, SIP-based signaling elements must meet the requirements of telephony signaling — that is, SIP-based servers will be required to process messages according to real-time constraints. Performance of SIP network elements also determines how much SIP networks cost. To support large customer bases, service providers must provide adequate performance on economical components. In this paper, we examine the main processing requirements of SIP elements and describe a number of performance metrics. We support our analyses with measurements of four different implementations of selected SIP functions.
Enkephalin biosynthetic pathway: proteins of 8000 and 14,000 daltons in bovine adrenal medulla. (1980)

Two [Met]enkephalin-containing polypeptides have been purified from extracts of bovine and adrenal chromaffin granules. One is 8000 daltons in size and contains the enkephalin sequence at the carboxy terminus. The other (14,000 daltons) has two internal enkephalin sequences and a third sequence at the carboxy terminus. All of these sequences can be released by trypsin, indicating a possible enkephalin precursor role for the polypeptides.
Feature Extraction Using Memristor Networks (2015)

Crossbar arrays of memristive elements are investigated for the implementation of dictionary learning and sparse coding of natural images. A winner-take-all training algorithm, in conjunction with Oja's rule, is used to learn an overcomplete dictionary of feature primitives that resemble Gabor filters. The dictionary is then used in the locally competitive algorithm to form a sparse representation of input images. The impacts of device nonlinearity and parameter variations are evaluated and a compensating procedure is proposed to ensure the robustness of the sparsification. It is shown that, with proper compensation, the memristor crossbar architecture can effectively perform sparse coding with distortion comparable with ideal software implementations at high sparsity, even in the presence of large device-to-device variations in the excess of 100%.
Adult Neural Progenitor Cells Derived From MS Patients Differentiate Into MBP Expressing Cells In The Shiverer Mouse (P1.165) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ability of MSC-NPs to promote remyelination in the CNS of the dysmyelinated shiverer mouse which congenitally lacks MBP. BACKGROUND: In multiple sclerosis, available treatments are only partially effective in delaying the progression of the disease, but offer little benefit towards promoting repair and reversing disability. Therefore, there is a compelling need for developing new lines of regenerative treatments. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a valuable therapeutic option for treating MS because they are readily expanded from adult bone marrow, possess homing and immunosuppressing properties, and can be used autologously. In addition, MSCs can differentiate into neural progenitor cells (MSC-NPs) which have been found to improve disease severity in EAE and are currently being explored in a Phase I clinical trial in MS patients. DESIGN/METHODS: Newborn and adult shiverer mice were transplanted intracerebrally with DiI-labeled MSC-NPs derived from MS patients. In newborns, 90,000 cells (in 2.5µl of saline) were transplanted intracranially at the following stereotactic coordinates: bregma: 0 mm anteroposterior axis, 2 mm lateromedial axis, + 2.5 mm vertical axis. Adults were injected with 300,000 cells (in 10µl saline) directly into the corpus callosum (bregma: +0.17 mm anteroposterior axis, 0 mm lateromedial axis, + 2.1 mm vertical axis). Animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-transplantation for either pathology (immunofluorescence on paraffin embedded sections) or gene expression analysis (q-RT-PCR and Western blot). RESULTS: Pathological examination of brain sections reveals MSC-NPs survival and extensive parenchymal migration from the injection site in all transplanted animals at each time point examined. Double labeled DiI+/MBP+ were found as early as 4 weeks post transplantation. The presence of human MBP was further confirmed in brain lysate at the RNA (q-RT-PCR) and protein (western blot) levels at 4 and 8 weeks post transplantation. CONCLUSION: These preliminary data suggest that in the CNS milieu, MSC-NPs can differentiate into myelin forming cells and may promote remyelination and neural repair.
A near-field millimeter-wave dielectric imaging technique with sub-wavelength spatial resolution (2011)

A near-field millimeter-wave imaging technique is introduced which is capable of producing images with sub-wavelength resolution. A phantom made of a Teflon board containing samples of different materials with dielectric constants ranging from 1 to 48 was built, and a near-field loop antenna and a 110GHz vector network analyzer were used to capture near-field images of the Teflon board. A novel image processing method is described that is capable of achieving an image resolution of 0.5mm at 110GHz.
Digital thin-film color optical memory (2001)

A promising optical memory device called digital thin-film (DTF) color optical memory is presented. The DTF optical memory utilizes localized regions of varying thickness to adjust the spectral characteristic of reflected light from a broad band source. The DTF structure has been fabricated by Ga+ focused ion beam milling on thermally grown silicon dioxide on Si to prove the concept. A charge-coupled device array is used as the optical detector for the readout of the stored data. The reflected light image of the DTF memory reveals easily discriminated color levels and proves the suitability of using optical means to extract the stored data. DTF optical memory structures with 16 physical levels or 4 bits/pixel have been fabricated providing an equivalent storage density in excess of 5 Gb/in.2
P.5: High Uniformity Solid Phase Crystallized Bridged‐Grain Polycrystalline Silicon Thin Film Transistors (2013)

Abstract Solid phase crystallized poly‐Si TFT with Al 2 O 3 gate dielectric and bridged grain structure is demonstrated. The results show dramatically improved threshold voltage, subthreshold swing and on‐off ratio with very high uniformity. The proposed device is promising for application in AMOLED pixel circuits with simple design and low cost.
A simple green process to recycle Si from crystalline-Si solar cells (2015)

Solar-grade Si can be recycled from end-of-life crystalline-Si solar cells and this recycled Si can be a new feedstock for growth of Si ingots. This study focuses on removing heavily-doped layers from crystalline-Si solar cells and extracting the Si base for recycling. The solar cells used in the study are commercial cells without the front Ag electrode. It is demonstrated that the heavily-doped layers can be removed within 30 min at 50°C, and over 90% of the Si in the original cells can be recovered. Our method is simple and green, involving only three chemicals, HCl, HF and NaOH. In addition, a technique to monitor the removal of the heavily-doped layers based on four-point probe is illustrated.
Generation of optical vector beams with a diffractive optical element interferometer (2005)

We present a novel approach to generating radially and azimuthally polarized vector beams that utilize an interferometer constructed from two identical diffractive optical elements. The measured polarization properties of four vector beam states and their phase relationships are in good agreement with theoretical expectations. This interferometer is passively phase stable and robust, making it suitable for linear and nonlinear optical (superresolution) microscopy.
Lantibiotics from <i>Geobacillus thermodenitrificans</i> (2012)

The lantibiotic nisin has been used as an effective food preservative to combat food-borne pathogens for over 40 y. Despite this successful use, nisin's stability at pH 7 is limited. Herein, we describe a nisin analog encoded on the genome of the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2. This analog termed geobacillin I was obtained by heterologous expression in Escherichia coli and subsequent purification. Extensive NMR characterization demonstrated that geobacillin I contains seven thioether cross-links, two more than the five cross-links found in nisin and the most cross-links found in any lantibiotic to date. The antimicrobial spectrum of geobacillin I was generally similar to that of nisin A, with increased activity against Streptococcus dysgalactiae, one of the causative agents of bovine mastitis. Geobacillin I demonstrated increased stability compared to nisin A. In addition to geobacillin I, the genome of G. thermodenitrificans NG80-2 also contains a class II lantibiotic biosynthetic gene cluster. The corresponding compound was produced in E. coli, and has a ring topology different than that of any known lantibiotic as determined by tandem mass spectrometry. Interestingly, geobacillin II only demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Bacillus strains. Seven Geobacillus strains were screened for production of the geobacillins using whole-cell MALDI-MS and five were shown to produce geobacillin I, but none produced geobacillin II.
Cutting the brakes on hematopoietic regeneration by blocking TGFβ to limit chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (2015)

Hematopoietic stressors such as infection, bleeding, or toxic injury trigger a hematopoietic adaptation that sacrifices hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) quiescence to meet an urgent need for new blood cell production. Once the hematopoietic demands are adequately met, homeostasis must be restored. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling is a central mediator mandating the return of HSPCs to quiescence after stress. Blockade of TGFβ signaling after hematopoietic stress delays the return of cycling HSPCs to quiescence and in so doing promotes hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and accelerates hematopoietic reconstitution. These findings open the door to new therapeutics that modulate the hematopoietic adaptation to stress. In this review, we will discuss the complex context-dependent activities of TGFβ in hematopoiesis and the potential benefits and limitations of using TGFβ pathway inhibitors to promote multilineage hematopoietic reconstitution after myelosuppressive chemotherapy.
Real-Time Piano Music Transcription Based on Computer Vision (2015)

One important problem in musical information retrieval is automatic music transcription, which is an automated conversion process from played music to a symbolic notation such as MIDI file. Since the accuracy of previous audio-based transcription systems is not satisfactory, we propose an innovative computer vision-based automatic music transcription system named claVision to perform piano music transcription. Instead of processing the music audio, the system performs the transcription only from the video performance captured by a camera mounted over the piano keyboard. In this paper, we describe the architecture and the algorithms used in claVision. The claVision system has a high accuracy ( F1 score over 0.95) and a very low latency (about 7.0 ms) in real-time music transcription, even under different illumination conditions. This technology can also be used for other musical keyboard instruments.
Alternative Pre-mRNA Splicing of G Protein-Coupled Receptors (2011)

Alternative pre-mRNA splicing involves editing of a gene to generate a number of different mRNAs and proteins. It provides a mechanism for only 20,000 genes to generate hundreds of thousands of proteins. Like other proteins, it is estimated that 50% of G protein-coupled receptors undergo alternative splicing. While most commonly involving either the N-terminus or C-terminus, some variants have modifications in the interior of the receptor. Alternative splicing generates functionally distinct variants, due to an intrinsic difference in transduction or location. These features are well illustrated by the mu opioid receptor gene, OPRM1, which undergoes extensive alternative splicing.
A Low Bandwidth DFB Laser-Based Interrogator for Terahertz-Range Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors (2017)

This letter reports an all-electronic, low bandwidth swept frequency laser used to interrogate terahertz-range fiber Bragg gratings (THz FBGs) for distributed strain sensing applications. A distributed feedback laser with current injection modulation was employed as the swept frequency laser source. Using the resulting narrow bandwidth (~110 GHz) laser frequency sweep, high accuracy distributed strain measurements were achieved. In order to experimentally investigate this concept, a strain test was conducted using the THz FBGs. During the test, the laser sweeping time was limited to less than 2 ms. Highly linear results were found (R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> = 0.996), with an observed sensitivity of -0.142 GHz/με and the standard deviation of 1.167 με. A multiplexing test was also conducted, and no cross-talk found between sensor elements. These results demonstrate that this interrogation system holds substantial potential as a method of rapid distributed optical fiber frequency-domain sensing.