gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Phaseguide assisted liquid lamination for magnetic particle-based assays (2014)

We have developed a magnetic particle-based assay platform in which functionalised magnetic particles are transferred sequentially through laminated volumes of reagents and washing buffers. Lamination of aqueous liquids is achieved via the use of phaseguide technology; microstructures that control the advancing air-liquid interface of solutions as they enter a microfluidic chamber. This allows manual filling of the device, eliminating the need for external pumping systems, and preparation of the system requires only a few minutes. Here, we apply the platform to two on-chip strategies: (i) a one-step streptavidin-biotin binding assay, and (ii) a two-step C-reactive protein immunoassay. With these, we demonstrate how condensing multiple reaction and washing processes into a single step significantly reduces procedural times, with both assay procedures requiring less than 8 seconds.
Substance P-induced IL-12 production by murine macrophages (1997)

Previous investigations in our laboratory have suggested that substance P (NK-1) receptor expression by macrophages contributes to the resistance against the intracellular bacterial pathogen, Salmonella. To investigate possible mechanisms for such resistance, macrophages were cultured with varying concentrations of a substance P agonist to investigate the ability of this neuropeptide to augment IL-12 expression. The substance P agonist was a potent inducer of both IL-12p35 and IL-12p40 mRNA expression in cultured macrophages. The kinetics of this response were maximal within 6 h and could be observed with concentrations of substance P agonist as low as 0.1 nM. The nonpeptide, substance P receptor antagonist, CP96-345, significantly blocked agonist-induced IL-12 mRNA expression, further demonstrating that this effect was mediated through an NK-1 receptor. Substance P agonist alone could stimulate substantial secretion of IL-12p40, but not IL-12p70, by cultured macrophages. Thus, the substance P agonist had the ability to augment IL-12p35 and IL-12p40 mRNA expression, but not to increase IL-12p70 secretion. Like IFN-gamma, we found that substance P could combine with LPS to significantly augment the secretion of bioactive IL-12p70. The costimulatory effects of substance P agonist plus LPS on IL-12 mRNA expression were additive; however, this combination resulted in synergistic secretion of IL-12p70 by macrophages. Together, these results demonstrate the ability of NK-1 receptors to signal IL-12 production by macrophages and suggest mechanisms for substance P-induced modulation of cellular immunity.
Programming with threads (1996)

This practical guide to developing multithreaded programs on UNIX, concentrates on when and how to apply threads, what problems to expect and how to deal with them. It covers advanced interfaces appropriate to performance-critical situations, explores the use of threads, and the construction of correct MT programs and libraries. The text also includes a variety of multithreading examples.
TrioGEF1 controls Rac- and Cdc42-dependent cell structures through the direct activation of RhoG (2000)

Rho GTPases regulate the morphology of cells stimulated by extracellular ligands. Their activation is controlled by guanine exchange factors (GEF) that catalyze their binding to GTP. The multidomain Trio protein represents an emerging class of &Rgr; regulators that contain two GEF domains of distinct specificities. We report here the characterization of Rho signaling pathways activated by the N-terminal GEF domain of Trio (TrioD1). In fibroblasts, TrioD1 triggers the formation of particular cell structures, similar to those elicited by RhoG, a GTPase known to activate both Rac1 and Cdc42Hs. In addition, the activity of TrioD1 requires the microtubule network and relocalizes RhoG at the active sites of the plasma membrane. Using a classical in vitro exchange assay, TrioD1 displays a higher GEF activity on RhoG than on Rac1. In fibroblasts, expression of dominant negative RhoG mutants totally abolished TrioD1 signaling, whereas dominant negative Rac1 and Cdc42Hs only led to partial and complementary inhibitions. Finally, expression of a Rho Binding Domain that specifically binds RhoG(GTP) led to the complete abolition of TrioD1 signaling, which strongly supports Rac1 not being activated by TrioD1 in vivo. These data demonstrate that Trio controls a signaling cascade that activates RhoG, which in turn activates Rac1 and Cdc42Hs.
Stereochemistry of hydroboronation and osmylation of 3α,5-cycloandrost-6-en-17-one (1988)

The stereochemistry of osmylation of a steroidal 6-ene is shown to be modified by the presence of a 3α,5-cyclopropane ring leading to predominantly β-face attack. Hydroboronation affords the 6α-,7α-, and 7β-alcohols.
PbSe Nanocrystal Assemblies:  Synthesis and Structural, Optical, and Electrical Characterization (2003)

Individual PbSe nanocrystals (NCs) were prepared by a chemical reaction between lead-cyclohexanebutirate and tri-butyl-phosphine/selenium precursors in a tri-octyl-phosphine oxide/tri-butyl-phosphine surfactant, at 118 °C. Increasing precursor concentration, accompanied by an additional heating, up to 150 °C, enabled the formation of NCs assemblies: a reaction time duration of 10−60 min led to the formation of monodispersed spherical polycrystalline assemblies whose average diameters ranged between 50−500 nm. A reaction time duration of >60 min enabled the formation of an ordered wire-like assembly, with a typical width of 60−150 nm and a length of 1−5 μm. The assemblies are presumably stabilized by the NCs−NCs dipole−dipole interactions, with an estimated interaction energy of −28 kJ/mol. The electrical measurement of a single wire-like assembly revealed a conductivity of 7.0 Ω-1cm-1.
Smart Moving Target Defense for Linux Container Resiliency (2016)

Nature is a major source of inspiration for many of the inventions that we rely on to maintain our daily lifestyle. In this paper, we present ESCAPE, an evolved version of our nature-inspired game-like informed moving-target-defense mechanism for cloud containers resiliency. ESCAPE rely on a novel container mobilization framework controlled by a smart attack maneuvering module. That module drives the running containers based on real-time models of the interaction between attackers and their targets as a "predator searching for a prey" search game. ESCAPE employs run-time live-migration of Linux-containers {prey} to avoid attacks (predator) and failures. The entire process is guided by a novel host-based behavior-monitoring system that seamlessly monitors containers for indications of intrusions and attacks. To evaluate the effect of ESCAPE's container live-migration evading attacks, we extensively simulated the attack avoidance process based on a mathematical model mimicking the prey-vs-predator search game. With ESCAPE's live-migrations, results show high container survival probabilities with minimal added overhead.
Young peoples’ lived experiences of multidisciplinary mental health assessment in an intensive day program (2022)

Unsuccessful psychological treatment can leave young people feeling jaded and reluctant to engage with services. The potential for iatrogenic harm should be monitored and alternative approaches, such as intensive, multidisciplinary treatment including music therapy and art therapy considered to help young people overcome therapy fatigue, regain hope and reengage with mental health services.
Misinterpretations of Precipitation Probability Forecasts (1980)

Previous studies have suggested that the general public misinterprets probability of precipitation (PoP) forecasts, leading some meteorologists to argue that probabilities should not be included in public weather forecasts. Upon closer examination, however, these studies prove to be ambiguous with regard to the nature of the misunderstanding. Is the public confused about the meaning of the probabilities or about the definition of the event to which the probabilities refer? If event misinterpretation is the source of the confusion, then elimination of the probabilities would not reduce the level of misunderstanding. The present paper summarizes a study of 79 residents of Eugene, Oreg., who completed a questionnaire designed to investigate their understanding of and attitude toward precipitation probability forecasts. Results indicate that the event in question frequently is misunderstood, with both traditional precipitation forecasts and PoP forecasts producing similar levels of event misinterpretation. On the other hand, the probabilities themselves are well understood. Moreover, most respondents revealed a preference for the use of probabilities to express the uncertainty inherent in precipitation forecasts. Although the sample size was limited, the results of this study strongly support the inclusion of probabilities in public forecasts of precipitation occurrence. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of some implications of these results for operational weather forecasting.
Simbolismo y funcionalidad arquitectónica en dos mitos: Blancanieves y Walt Disney (2007)

El maravilloso mundo de los cuentos y su reinterpretacion en el marco de las artes mas contemporaneas tiene uno de sus mejores ejemplos en Blancanieves y los Siete Enanitos de Walt Disney, una obra plagada de elementos simbolicos relacionados con la tradicion historica y el nuevo imaginario creado por una sociedad emergente. La pluralidad cultural del desarrollo hermeneutico de la Blancanieves de Disney, ocupa un ancho marco, apreciable en la arquitectura y escenografia de la obra, tema fundamental de este articulo. Y como dicha obra es reflejo directo de su autor, de su verdadero demiurgo, Walt Disney, se convierte en emblema de ambos. La universalidad del largometraje y la repercusion de su estreno, han convertido a Blancanieves y a los Siete Enanitos protectores, en personajes miticos de la cultura contemporanea, y junto a ellos a su autor, figura envuelta de misterio desde su muerte
Integrating community matching and outlier detection for mining evolutionary community outliers (2012)

Temporal datasets, in which data evolves continuously, exist in a wide variety of applications, and identifying anomalous or outlying objects from temporal datasets is an important and challenging task. Different from traditional outlier detection, which detects objects that have quite different behavior compared with the other objects, temporal outlier detection tries to identify objects that have different evolutionary behavior compared with other objects. Usually objects form multiple communities, and most of the objects belonging to the same community follow similar patterns of evolution. However, there are some objects which evolve in a very different way relative to other community members, and we define such objects as evolutionary community outliers. This definition represents a novel type of outliers considering both temporal dimension and community patterns. We investigate the problem of identifying evolutionary community outliers given the discovered communities from two snapshots of an evolving dataset. To tackle the challenges of community evolution and outlier detection, we propose an integrated optimization framework which conducts outlier-aware community matching across snapshots and identification of evolutionary outliers in a tightly coupled way. A coordinate descent algorithm is proposed to improve community matching and outlier detection performance iteratively. Experimental results on both synthetic and real datasets show that the proposed approach is highly effective in discovering interesting evolutionary community outliers.
Noninvasive MRI of Endothelial Cell Response to Human Breast Cancer Cells (2006)

We have developed a noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assay to characterize human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) motility, invasion, and network formation in response to the presence of cancer cells. HUVECs were labeled with a superparamagnetic iron oxide T(2) contrast agent and cocultured with MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in the presence of an extracellular matrix (ECM) gel. Invasion into the ECM gel by HUVECs in response to paracrine factors secreted by MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, as well as network formation by HUVECs, was easily tracked with MRI. The invasive behavior of HUVECs was not observed in the absence of cancer cells. This noninvasive assay used to characterize the response of endothelial cells (ECs) can be used to understand the role of proangiogenic or antiangiogenic stimuli, and to study the interactions between ECs and other disease-specific cells in pathologies with aberrant angiogenesis, such as retinopathy and arthritis.
Core Carbonyl Chemistry (1997)

<italic>Core Carbonyl Chemistry</italic> starts with an introduction to the main themes in this topic. The first chapter covers nucleophilic reagents, aldehydes, and kenotes. There follows a chapter on acetals and ketals. The text also covers reactions of amino compounds with aldehydes and ketones, reactions of nucleophiles with carboxylic acid esters, and reactions of nucleophiles with other carboxylic acid derivates. There are also chapters on enols and enolates, and enolate allylations. Finally, the text looks at aldol condensations and related reactions.
Fluorescence Properties of Hydrophilic Semiconductor Nanoparticles with Tridentate Polyethylene Oxide Ligands (2011)

In this contribution a facile, one-step synthesis of tridentate thiol-functionalized PEO ligands and their ability to stabilize CdSe/CdS/ZnS core-shell-shell nanoparticles in aqueous media are described. The PEO-coated quantum dots show colloidal stability as well as preserved fluorescence even at very low concentrations of a few nM. For improved ligand attachment and enhanced fluorescence properties a method for ligand exchange was developed, which includes formation of a ligand zinc complex before the actual exchange reaction. The stability and fluorescence properties in various aqueous buffers and cell media and at pH values down to pH 3 were investigated. The firm binding of the tridentate ligands to the particle surface makes this ligand-particle system a promising tool for biological applications. In addition, activation of the ligands' terminal hydroxyl group for covalent biofunctionalization by esterification with succinic acid is reported.
Current Status of Gallium Oxide-Based Power Device Technology (2015)

Gallium oxide (Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> ) possesses excellent material properties especially for power device applications. It is also attractive from an industrial viewpoint since large-size, high-quality wafers can be manufactured by using simple methods. These two features have drawn much attention to Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> as a new wide bandgap semiconductor following SiC and GaN. In this report, we describe the recent progress in development on fundamental technologies for Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> devices, covering wafer production from melt-grown bulk single crystals, homoepitaxial thin-film growth by halide vapor phase epitaxy, as well as device processing and characterization of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors and Schottky barrier diodes.
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and the Potential for Targeted Therapy (2017)

Breast cancer is composed of several well-recognized subtypes including estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Without available targeted therapy options, standard of care for TNBC remains chemotherapy. It is of interest to note that TNBC tumors generally have better responses to chemotherapy compared with other subtypes. However, patients without complete response account for approximately 80% of TNBC. Mounting evidence suggests significant heterogeneity within the TNBC subtype, and studies have focused on genetic targets with high rates of altered expression. Recent studies suggest clear possibilities for benefits from targeted therapy in TNBC. In this review, we summarize studies of targeted therapy, including within mouse models, and discuss their applications in the development of combinatorial treatments to treat TNBC.
Synthesis and Second-Order NLO Properties of Donor−Acceptor σ-Alkenyl Ruthenium Complexes (2006)

The compounds p-R−C6H4−CHCH−C⋮C−TMS (R = NO2, N(CH3)2, OCH3) were obtained from Wittig olefination of TMS−C⋮C−CH2PPh3Br with p-R−C6H4−CHO in THF, which can be desilylated to give p-R−C6H4−CHCH−C⋮C−H. Treatment of RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)3 with p-R−C6H4−CHCH−C⋮C−H produced RuCl(CO)(PPh3)2(CHCH−CHCH−C6H4−R-p). The later complexes reacted with 4-phenylpyridine (PhPy), 2,6-(Ph2PCH2)2C5H3N (PMP), and KTp (Tp = hydridotris(pyrazolyl)borate) to give RuCl(CO)(PhPy)(PPh3)2 (CHCH−CHCH−C6H4−R-p), RuCl(CO)(PMP)(CHCH−CHCH−C6H4−R-p), and RuTp(CO)(PPh3) (CHCH−CHCH−C6H4−R-p), respectively. The structure of RuTp(CO)(PPh3)(CHCH−CHCH−C6H4−R-p) (R = N(CH3)2, 7b) has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The NLO properties (hyper-Rayleigh scattering measurements) of the complexes 5, 6, and 7 reveal that changes induced in the ligands of ruthenium (5a−7a or 5b,6b) have a large impact on the hyperpolarizability.
Bioactive composite materials for tissue engineering scaffolds (2005)

Synthetic bioactive and bioresorbable composite materials are becoming increasingly important as scaffolds for tissue engineering. Next-generation biomaterials should combine bioactive and bioresorbable properties to activate in vivo mechanisms of tissue regeneration, stimulating the body to heal itself and leading to replacement of the scaffold by the regenerating tissue. Certain bioactive ceramics such as tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite as well as bioactive glasses, such as 45S5 Bioglass, react with physiologic fluids to form tenacious bonds with hard (and in some cases soft) tissue. However, these bioactive materials are relatively stiff, brittle and difficult to form into complex shapes. Conversely, synthetic bioresorbable polymers are easily fabricated into complex structures, yet they are too weak to meet the demands of surgery and the in vivo physiologic environment. Composites of tailored physical, biologic and mechanical properties as well as predictable degradation behavior can be produced combining bioresorbable polymers and bioactive inorganic phases. This review covers recent international research presenting the state-of-the-art development of these composite systems in terms of material constituents, fabrication technologies, structural and bioactive properties, as well as in vitro and in vivo characteristics for applications in tissue engineering and tissue regeneration. These materials may represent the effective optimal solution for tailored tissue engineering scaffolds, making tissue engineering a realistic clinical alternative in the near future.
Lifting, welding, and packaging of a quality-factor-controllable micromachined inductor using magnetic fields (2010)

This study demonstrates a novel approach to lift the inductor from the lossy substrate by static magnetic field. The lift angle of the inductor, which tuned by a position stage, is employed to control the quality factor of the inductor. The lifted inductor is then welded by localized induction heating using the ac magnetic field. Thus, the heating-induced thermal problem is prevented. In addition, the inductor is also simultaneously packaged inside a Si capping by the alternating magnetic field. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed concept, the meander strip inductor was fabricated and tested. The radio frequency performance of the inductor at various tilting angles away from the substrate (0, 45, and 90 deg) was characterized by using a two-port vector network analyzer. The quality factor has been improved from 4.2 (at the central frequency of 0.64 GHz) to 7.9 (at the central frequency of 0.74 GHz), as the lift angle increased from 0 to 90 deg. In other words, the central frequency of the inductor can also be varied from 0.64 to 0.74 GHz. Measurement results also indicate that the bonded Si capping has a good shear strength of 23.5 MPa.
[Histocompatibility of implant materials--animal model criteria and findings]. (1991)

The histocompatibility of the dental implant materials titanium and aluminium-oxideceramics was examined with the aid of quantitative histomorphometry and semiquantitative histopathologic methods after intramuscular and subcutaneous implantation in rabbits and guinea-pigs. Of each material cylindrical and spindel-shaped specimens with rough and smooth surface conditions were implanted for different implant periods (1, 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks). The local tissue reactions caused by the implant materials showed significant differences. Cylindrical implants and/or implants with a rough surface produced, with statistical significance (p less than or equal to 0.001) the strongest tissue reactions (foreign body reactions). Contrary to this, spindel-shaped and smooth titanium- and Al2O3-ceramic-implants elicited bland tissue reactions. In these cases we found a significant increase in subcapsular adipose tissue (p less than or equal to 0.001) and significantly less thickness of the connective tissue capsule (p less than or equal to 0.001).
Polymer Brush Covalently Attached to OH-Functionalized Mica Surface via Surface-Initiated ATRP: Control of Grafting Density and Polymer Chain Length (2009)

The controlled grafting density of poly(tert-butyl acrylate) was studied on OH-activated mica substrates via surface-initiated atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). By properly adjusting parameters such as the immobilization reaction time and the concentration of an ATRP initiator, a wide range of initiator surface coverages and hence polymer densities on mica were possible. The covalently immobilized initiator successfully promoted the polymerization of tert-butyl acrylate on mica surfaces. The resulting polymer layer thickness was measured by AFM using a step-height method. Linear relationships of the polymer thickness with respect to the molecular weight of the free polymer and with respect to the monomer conversion were observed, suggesting that ATRP is well controlled and relatively densely end-grafted layers were obtained. The polymer grafting density controlled by adjusting the initiator surface coverage was confirmed by the polymer layer swelling capacity and film thickness measurements.
Chemical Properties of Virgin Coconut Oil (2009)

Abstract A study on the commercial virgin coconut oil (VCO) available in the Malaysian and Indonesian market was conducted. The paper reported the chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of VCO. There was no significant difference in lauric acid content (46.64–48.03%) among VCO samples. The major triacylglycerols obtained for the oils were LaLaLa, LaLaM, CLaLa, LaMM and CCLa (La, lauric; C, capric; M, myristic). Iodine value ranged from 4.47 to 8.55, indicative of only few unsaturated bond presence. Saponification value ranged from 250.07 to 260.67 mg KOH/g oil. The low peroxide value (0.21–0.57 mequiv oxygen/kg) signified its high oxidative stability, while anisidine value ranged from 0.16 to 0.19. Free fatty acid content of 0.15–0.25 was fairly low, showing that VCO samples were of good quality. All chemical compositions were within the limit of Codex standard for edible coconut oil. Total phenolic contents of VCO samples (7.78–29.18 mg GAE/100 g oil) were significantly higher than refined, bleached and deodorized (RBD) coconut oil (6.14 mg GAE/100 g oil). These results suggest that VCO is as good as RBD coconut oil in chemical properties with the added benefit of being higher in phenolic content.