gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
LaneNet: Real-Time Lane Detection Networks for Autonomous Driving (2018)

Lane detection is to detect lanes on the road and provide the accurate location and shape of each lane. It severs as one of the key techniques to enable modern assisted and autonomous driving systems. However, several unique properties of lanes challenge the detection methods. The lack of distinctive features makes lane detection algorithms tend to be confused by other objects with similar local appearance. Moreover, the inconsistent number of lanes on a road as well as diverse lane line patterns, e.g. solid, broken, single, double, merging, and splitting lines further hamper the performance. In this paper, we propose a deep neural network based method, named LaneNet, to break down the lane detection into two stages: lane edge proposal and lane line localization. Stage one uses a lane edge proposal network for pixel-wise lane edge classification, and the lane line localization network in stage two then detects lane lines based on lane edge proposals. Please note that the goal of our LaneNet is built to detect lane line only, which introduces more difficulties on suppressing the false detections on the similar lane marks on the road like arrows and characters. Despite all the difficulties, our lane detection is shown to be robust to both highway and urban road scenarios method without relying on any assumptions on the lane number or the lane line patterns. The high running speed and low computational cost endow our LaneNet the capability of being deployed on vehicle-based systems. Experiments validate that our LaneNet consistently delivers outstanding performances on real world traffic scenarios.
Estimation of 3-D left ventricular deformation from medical images using biomechanical models (2002)

The quantitative estimation of regional cardiac deformation from three-dimensional (3-D) image sequences has important clinical implications for the assessment of viability in the heart wall. We present here a generic methodology for estimating soft tissue deformation which integrates image-derived information with biomechanical models, and apply it to the problem of cardiac deformation estimation. The method is image modality independent. The images are segmented interactively and then initial correspondence is established using a shape-tracking approach. A dense motion field is then estimated using a transversely isotropic, linear-elastic model, which accounts for the muscle fiber directions in the left ventricle. The dense motion field is in turn used to calculate the deformation of the heart wall in terms of strain in cardiac specific directions. The strains obtained using this approach in open-chest dogs before and after coronary occlusion, exhibit a high correlation with strains produced in the same animals using implanted markers. Further, they show good agreement with previously published results in the literature. This proposed method provides quantitative regional 3-D estimates of heart deformation.
Applied Surface Thermodynamics (2010)

Surface thermodynamics forms the foundation of any meaningful study of capillarity and wetting phenomena. The second edition of Applied Surface Thermodynamics offers a comprehensive state-of-the-art treatment of this critical topic. It provides students and researchers with fundamental knowledge and practical guidelines in solving real-world proble
Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2012 (2016)

The ADDM Network will continue to monitor the prevalence and characteristics of ASD among children aged 8 years living in selected sites across the United States. Recommendations from the ADDM Network include enhancing strategies to 1) lower the age of first evaluation of ASD by community providers in accordance with the Healthy People 2020 goal that children with ASD are evaluated by age 36 months and begin receiving community-based support and services by age 48 months; 2) reduce disparities by race/ethnicity in identified ASD prevalence, the age of first comprehensive evaluation, and presence of a previous ASD diagnosis or classification; and 3) assess the effect on ASD prevalence of the revised ASD diagnostic criteria published in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.
Periodic Flow Slurry Fractionation (1988)

A new method of fractionating fine particles according to their sedimentation rates has been invented. Faster sedimenting particles, slurried in liquid, move to one end of a long tube, and slower sedimenting particles move to the other end under the influence of cyclic, coordinated, steps of sedimentation, resuspension, and bi-directional axial flow. Particles as small as 10 μm in size (typical mineral densities, slurried in water), which differ by only a few percent in their sedimentation rates due to size and/or density differences, can be separated completely. The process is broadly applicable with potential uses ranging from mineral processing to production of narrowly sized ceramic particles and monodispersed standards.
Understanding and development of manufacturable screen-printed contacts on high sheet-resistance emitters for low-cost silicon solar cells (2005)

A simple cost-effective approach was proposed and successfully employed to fabricate high-quality screen-printed (SP) contacts to high sheet-resistance emitters (100 ohm/sq) to improve the Si solar cell efficiency. Device modeling was used to quantify the performance enhancement possible from the high sheet-resistance emitter for various cell designs. It was found that for performance enhancement from the high sheet-resistance emitter, certain cell design criteria must be satisfied. Model calculations showed that in order to achieve any performance enhancement over the conventional ~40 ohm/sq emitter, the high sheet resistance emitter solar cell must have a reasonably good (120,000 cm/s) or low front-surface recombination velocity (FSRV). Model calculations were also performed to establish requirements for high fill factors (FFs). The results showed that the series resistance should be less than 0.8 ohm-cm^2, the shunt resistance should be greater than 1000 ohm-cm^2, and the junction leakage current should be less than 25 nA/cm^2. Analytical microscopy and surface analysis techniques were used to study the Ag-Si contact interface of different SP Ag pastes. Physical and electrical properties of SP Ag thick-film contacts were studied and correlated to understand and achieve good-quality ohmic contacts to high sheet-resistance emitters for solar cells. This information was then used to define the criteria for high-quality screen-printed contacts. The role of paste constituents and firing scheme on contact quality were investigated to tailor the high-quality screen-printed contact interface structure that results in high performance solar cells. Results indicated that small particle size, high glass transition temperature, rapid firing and less aggressive glass frit help in producing high-quality contacts. Based on these results high-quality SP contacts with high FFs0.78 on high sheet-resistance emitters were achieved for the first time using a simple single-step firing process. This technology was applied to different substrates (monocrystalline and multicrystalline) and surfaces (textured and planar). Cell efficiencies of ~16.2% on low-cost EFG ribbon substrates were achieved on high sheet-resistance emitters with SP contacts. A record high-efficiency SP solar cell of 19% with textured high sheet-resistance emitter was also fabricated and modeled.
Budget-Hub: A low cost IoT hub selection and neighbor assignment scheme (2018)

In cloud-based IoT systems, gateway devices (hubs) are central to connect front-end IoT devices and back-end cloud services. Traditionally, research on hub selection and configuration focused on optimizing the network energy consumption for long-term operations; however, the billing cost on using cloud services has became a pressing problem for sustainable operation of an IoT system with cloud computing back-end. In this paper, we formalize this problem as a cost-minimization neighborhood configuration problem and prove its NP-completeness. To solve this problem, we propose a novel solution called Budget-Hub, which can make economical decisions on selecting hub devices from an IoT network and assigning neighbor devices to each hub, so that the long-term billing cost on using cloud services can be reduced and the desired network connectivity can be maintained. Extensive simulation experiments have been conducted to evaluate the Budget-Hub scheme, and the results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can significantly reduce the overall system billing cost under different network settings and cloud service billing models.
22 Light Signal Transduction and the Control of Seedling Development (1994)

Numerous environmental factors, including temperature, touch, water, gravity, and light, influence plant development. For the emerging seedling whose development is governed by strategies that maximize photosynthetic capacity, light serves an especially important role. Light stimulates chloroplast biogenesis, leaf meristem differentiation, and induction of the coordinate expression of many light-regulated nuclear and chloroplast-encoded genes. This light-dependent development of plants, called photomorphogenesis, is controlled by the combined action of several photoreceptor systems within the plant. The biochemistry and molecular biology of the signal transduction and developmental pathways that lead to leaf and chloroplast biogenesis are largely unknown. Although very little is known about the mechanisms of light signal transduction in plants, several approaches are beginning to yield new insight into the number and complexity of the pathways involved. This chapter highlights advances in three separate areas: (1) the biochemical analysis of the photoreceptors, (2) the identification of the cis -acting sequences and trans -acting factors that regulate the downstream light-regulated genes, and (3) the genetic dissection of the photoreceptor action pathways and signaling pathways that control chloroplast development. In particular, we focus on recent molecular, biochemical, and genetic studies that have aided in the dissection of the red and blue light signal transduction pathways that affect leaf and chloroplast development and the expression of nuclear light-regulated genes encoding chloroplast-destined proteins in dicots. We also discuss various mutations that affect nuclear control of chloroplast development and chloroplast signaling back to genes in the nuclear compartment. Although most of what has been learned about the biochemistry...
Image quality evaluation of flat panel and image intensifier digital magnification in x‐ray fluoroscopy (2002)

Interventional devices used in radiology often have dimensions on the order of a pixel, and radiologists resort to image magnification to better visualize such small devices. Traditional image intensifier (II) systems use analog magnification with x-ray exposure inversely proportional to the area of field of view (FOV) so as to maintain light output for the camera. Analog magnification is impossible with flat panel (FP) detectors, and images must be magnified using digital interpolation that does not reduce the pixel partial area effect for small devices. We quantitatively investigated image quality of digital and analog magnification using a clinically relevant task of detecting a partially deployed stent in x-ray fluoroscopy image sequences that were created using realistic detector models. Using the standard exposure strategy for II analog magnification, exposure was increased from a nominal 43.65 nGy (5.0 microR) per frame at 23 cm FOV to 79.9 nGy (9.15 microR) per frame and 117.81 nGy (13.49 microR) per frame at 17 cm and 14 cm FOV, respectively. Contrast sensitivity improved significantly (p<0.1) by 43.5+/-6.5% and 64.1+/-7.3% with the 17 cm and 14 cm FOV, respectively. Exposure for digitally magnified images was varied in an adaptive forced choice experiment so as to match performance with II analog magnification. For digital magnification, bilinear interpolation was used to give magnified stents sizes equivalent to those in the analog magnified images. For equivalent image quality, FP required 34.87+/-2.59, 80.16+/-5.37, and 84.08+/-5.59 nGy per frame at normal, and the two magnification modes, respectively. Hence, FP with digital magnification gives significant (p<0.1) dose savings of 20+/-6% and 27+/-5% at the normal and highest magnification modes, respectively. Digitally magnified II images required exposures of 110.85+/-8.07 and 103.34+/-5.90 nGy per frame for the two magnifications levels, respectively, giving no significant (p>0.1) dose savings. A spatiotemporal human observer model based on signal detection theory successfully predicted the human data and was used to predict other conditions associated with image magnification. Model predictions quantitatively showed that magnification is most useful when signal size is relatively small and that FP digital magnification can improve image quality for the stent deployment task without increasing exposure. In conclusion, the results show that FP digital magnification can be useful and dose efficient as compared to analog magnification.
New Safety Dielectric Coolants for Distribution and Power Transformers (2000)

This article offers a summary of the development of dielectric fluids based on edible natural seed oils. We also include a discussion of the history of liquid dielectric coolants for distribution transformers. Additionally, we examine ester-based fluids; a key-properties comparison between new, natural ester-based fluids and other major dielectric coolant types; and details of field trials with transformers designed to use the new fluids.
Deletion of the BH1 Domain of Bcl-2 Accelerates Apoptosis by Acting in a Dominant Negative Fashion (2003)

To investigate the exact biochemical functions by which Bcl-2 regulates apoptosis, we established a stable human small cell lung carcinoma cell line, Ms-1, overexpressing wild-type human Bcl-2 or various deletion and point mutants thereof, and examined the effect of these Bcl-2 mutants on apoptosis induced by antitumor drugs such as camptothecin. Cytochrome c release, caspase-3-(-like) protease activation, and apoptosis induced by antitumor drugs were accelerated by overexpression of Bcl-2 lacking a Bcl-2 homology (BH) 1 domain (Bcl-2/ DeltaBH1), but not by that of BH2, BH3, or BH4 domain-deleted Bcl-2. A similar result was obtained upon the substitution of glycine 145 with alanine in the BH1 domain (Bcl-2/G145A), which failed to interact with either Bax or Bak. Pro-apoptotic Bax and Bak have been known to be activated in response to antitumor drugs, and Bcl-2/G145A as well as Bcl-2/DeltaBH1 also accelerated Bax- or Bak-induced apoptosis in HEK293T cells. These two mutants still retained the ability to interact with wild-type Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and abrogated the inhibitory effect of wild-type Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL on Bax- or Bak-induced apoptosis. In addition, immunoprecipitation studies revealed that Bcl-2/DeltaBH1 and Bcl-2/G145A interrupted the association between wild-type Bcl-2 and Bax/Bak. Taken together, our results demonstrate that Bcl-2/DeltaBH1 or Bcl-2/G145A acts as a dominant negative of endogenous anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, thereby enhancing antitumor drug-induced apoptosis, and that this dominant negative activity requires both a failure of interaction with Bax and Bak through the BH1 domain of Bcl-2 and retention of the ability to interact with Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL.
Market-driven service allocation in a QoS-capable environment (1998)

Article Free Access Share on Market-driven service allocation in a QoS-capable environment Authors: Spyros Lalis Univ. of Crete, Crete, Greece Univ. of Crete, Crete, GreeceView Profile , Christos Nikalaou Univ. of Crete, Crete, Greece Univ. of Crete, Crete, GreeceView Profile , Dimitris Papadakis Univ. of Crete, Crete, Greece Univ. of Crete, Crete, GreeceView Profile , Manolis Marazakis Univ. of Crete, Crete, Greece Univ. of Crete, Crete, GreeceView Profile Authors Info & Claims ICE '98: Proceedings of the first international conference on Information and computation economiesOctober 1998 Pages 92–100https://doi.org/10.1145/288994.289017Published:28 October 1998Publication History 6citation318DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations6Total Downloads318Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
A Privacy-Preserving and Transparent Certification System for Digital Credentials (2014)

A certification system is responsible for issuing digital credentials, which attest claims about a subject, e.g., an academic diploma. Such credentials are valuable for individuals and society, and widespread adoption requires a trusted certification system. Trust can be gained by being transparent when issuing and verifying digital credentials. However, there is a fundamental tradeoff between privacy and transparency. For instance, admitting a student to an academic program must preserve the student’s privacy, i.e., the student’s grades must not be revealed to unauthorized parties. At the same time, other applicants may demand transparency to ensure fairness in the admission process. Thus, building a certification system with the right balance between privacy and transparency is challenging. This paper proposes a novel design for a certification system that provides sufficient transparency and preserves privacy through selective disclosure of claims such that authorized parties can verify them. Moreover, unauthorized parties can also verify the correctness of the certification process without compromising privacy. We achieve this using an incremental Merkle tree of cryptographic commitments to users' credentials. The commitments are added to the tree based on verifying zero-knowledge issuance proofs. Users store credentials off-chain and can prove the ownership and authenticity of credentials without revealing their commitments. Further, our approach enables users to prove statements about the credential’s claims in zero-knowledge. Our design offers a cost-efficient solution, reducing the amount of linkable on-chain data by up to 79% per credential compared to prior work, while maintaining transparency.
Targeting STAT3 in castration-resistant prostate cancer: Galiellalactone as a direct inhibitor of STAT3 in prostate cancer cells. (2014)

e16065 Background: The transcription factor STAT3 is constitutively active in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and constitutes a promising therapeutic target. The reactive fungal metabolite galiellalactone (GL), a STAT3-signaling inhibitor, inhibits the growth, both in vitro and in vivo, of prostate cancer cells expressing activated STAT3 and inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of prostate cancer stem cell-like cells expressing pSTAT3. We aim in this study to identify the STAT3 signaling inhibiting mechanism of GL. Methods: A biotinylated analogue of galiellalactone (GL-biot) was synthesized to be used for identification of GL target proteins. The STAT3 inhibitory activity of GL-biot was confirmed with STAT3 luciferase reporter gene assay. The pSTAT3 expressing human prostate cancer cell line DU145 was incubated with GL-biot, followed by streptavidin beads to isolate proteins bound to GL-biot. Localization of GL-biot in DU145 cells was assessed using confocal microscopy. EMSA was performed on GL treated DU145 cell lysates for analysis of STAT3 binding to DNA. Mass spectrometry analysis (MS) was performed on recombinant STAT3 pretreated with GL in order to identify modified cysteines. Results: By adding streptavidin beads to GL-biot treated DU145 cell lysates, STAT3 was isolated and identified as a target protein. Using confocal microscopy of DU145 cells treated with GL-biot, STAT3 appeared to co-localize with GL-biot in the nucleus. GL inhibited STAT3 binding to DNA in DU145 cell lysates without affecting phosphorylation status of STAT3. MS analysis of recombinant STAT3 pretreated with GL revealed three modified cysteines (C367, C468 and C542). Conclusions: We here demonstrate with chemical and molecular pharmacological methods that galiellalactone is a cysteine reactive inhibitor that covalently binds to one or more cysteines on STAT3 and that this leads to inhibition of STAT3 binding to DNA and thus blocks STAT3 signaling. This further validates GL as a promising STAT3-inhibitor for the treatment of CRPC.
Crizotinib – a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that stimulates immunogenic cell death (2019)

Crizotinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancers (NSLCL) and lymphomas expressing activating translocations or mutations of oncogenic tyrosine kinases (in particular ALK and ROS1). We recently observed that high-dose (final concentration in vivo: ~10 µM) crizotinib can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in cancer cells lacking ALK/ROS1 activation through off-target effects that require the inhibition of several other tyrosine kinases. When combined with cisplatin (which alone does not induce ICD), crizotinib sensitizes NSCLC models to subsequent immunotherapy with PD-1 blockade, allowing to cure more than 90% of established orthotopic cancers. Of note, simultaneous treatment of mice with cisplatin, crizotinib and PD-1 blocking antibodies causes acute hepatotoxicity that can be avoided by a sequential regimen involving initial treatment with cisplatin plus crizotinib, followed by PD-1 blockade one week later. It will be important to translate these results obtained in mice into a clinical trial in NSCLC patients.
Dopamine antagonists for treatment resistance in autism spectrum disorders: review and focus on BDNF stimulators loxapine and amitriptyline (2017)

Drug development and repurposing are urgently needed for individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and psychiatric comorbidity, which often presents as aggression and self-injury. Areas covered: We review dopamine antagonists, including classical and atypical, as well as unconventional antipsychotics in ASD. The older antipsychotic loxapine is discussed in terms of preliminary albeit limited evidence in ASD. Emerging promise of amitriptyline in ASD is discussed, together with promising BDNF effects of loxapine and amitriptyline. Expert opinion: In ASD, pharmacotherapy and specifically dopamine antagonist drugs are often prescribed for challenging behaviors including aggression. The novel antipsychotics risperidone and aripiprazole have received most study in ASD and are FDA-approved for irritability in children with ASD over age 5 years; individuals with ASD are prone to weight gain, Type II diabetes and associated side effects. Low dose loxapine has properties of classical and novel antipsychotics but importantly appears more weight neutral, and with promising use in adolescents and adults with ASD. Amitriptyline appears effective in ASD for irritability, aggression, gastrointestinal problems, and insomnia, in children, adolescents and adults however our adult data on amitriptyline in ASD is still in preparation for publication. Both loxapine and amitriptyline may stimulate BDNF; further studies are warranted.