gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Open midplane dipole design for LHC IR upgrade (2004)

The proposed luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), now under construction, will bring a large increase in the number of secondary particles from p-p collisions at the interaction point (IP). Energy deposition will be so large that the lifetime and quench performance of interaction region (IR) magnets may be significantly reduced if conventional designs are used. Moreover, the cryogenic capacity of the LHC will have to be significantly increased as the energy deposition load on the interaction region (IR) magnets by itself will exhaust the present capacity. We propose an alternate open midplane dipole design concept for the dipole-first optics that mitigates these issues. The proposed design takes advantage of the fact that most of the energy is deposited in the midplane region. The coil midplane region is kept free of superconductor, support structure and other material. Initial energy deposition calculations show that the increase in temperature remains within the quench tolerance of the superconducting coils. In addition, most of the energy is deposited in a relatively warm region where the heat removal is economical. We present the basic concept and preliminary design that includes several innovations.
A proton current associated with sour taste: distribution and functional properties (2015)

Sour taste is detected by taste receptor cells that respond to acids through yet poorly understood mechanisms. The cells that detect sour express the protein PKD2L1, which is not the sour receptor but nonetheless serves as a useful marker for sour cells. By use of mice in which the PKD2L1 promoter drives expression of yellow fluorescent protein, we previously reported that sour taste cells from circumvallate papillae in the posterior tongue express a proton current. To establish a correlation between this current and sour transduction, we examined its distribution by patch-clamp recording. We find that the current is present in PKD2L1-expressing taste cells from mouse circumvallate, foliate, and fungiform papillae but not in a variety of other cells, including spinal cord neurons that express PKD2L1. We describe biophysical properties of the current, including pH-dependent Zn(2+) inhibition, lack of voltage-dependent gating, and activation at modest pH values (6.5) that elicit action potentials in isolated cells. Consistent with a channel that is constitutively open, the cytosol of sour taste cells is acidified. These data define a functional signature for the taste cell proton current and indicate that its expression is mostly restricted to the subset of taste cells that detect sour.
Dissolution and processing of cellulose using ionic liquids, cellulose solution, and regenerating cellulose. (2003)

Cellulose is dissolved in an ionic liq. without derivatization, and is regenerated in a range of structural forms without requiring the use of harmful or volatile org. solvents. Cellulose soly. and the soln. properties can be controlled by the selection of the ionic liq. constituents, with small cations and halide or pseudohalide anions favoring soln.; dissoln. can be aided by irradn. An ionic liq., [C4mim]Cl, proved to be the best for dissolving cellulose. [on SciFinder(R)]
The Automated Design of Believable Dialogues for Animated Presentation Teams (2000)

During the last few years, an increasing number of attempts have been made to develop systems that are able to generate presentations automatically. The aim to generate presentation variants on the fly to accommodate for different purposes and user needs is a driving force behind these developments. The availability of multiple media offers the choice between media as well as the possibility to compose media combinations that convey information in a more intelligible and appealing way. The output of such presentation systems comprises mere replications of illustrated texts laid out on a computer screen, but also multimedia documents with timed media, such as video and audio clips, and hypertext-style documents. Trying to deploy the repertoire of skills of human presenters, some R&D projects have begun to use animated characters (or agents) in presentation tasks. Based on either cartoon drawings, recorded video images of persons, or 3-D body models, presentation agents enrich the repertoire of available presentation styles. For instance, consider the presentation of research results at a conference. Even though a slide show, a video clip or a poster may contain all the relevant information, the presence of a skilled speaker in addition to well prepared presentation material is usually much more appealing. A potential strength of animated characters is their ability to convey nonverbal conversational signals that are difficult to communicate in traditional media. In this paper, we investigate a new style for presenting information. We introduce the notion of presentation teams which—rather than addressing the user directly—convey information in the style of performances to be observed by the user. The paper is organized as follows. First, we report on our experience with two single animated presentation agents and explain how to evaluate their success. After that, we move to presentation teams and discuss their potential benefits for presentation tasks. In section 2, we describe the basic steps of our approach to the automated generation of performances with multiple characters. This approach has been applied to two different
Methods of electrical appliances identification in systems monitoring electrical energy consumption (2013)

The aim of appliance identification methods is to get electrical energy consumption at appliance level based on aggregate measurements from a single energy meter. Disaggregation of measurements from a single meter allow to reduce the costs of the hardware part of the energy management systems. The article presents results of home appliances identification based on active power measurements. The Factorial Hidden Markov Model is applied to identify different appliances in the same time. Independent changes in active power of every appliance is described by each Markov chain. Having measurements of active power from single meter it is necessary to compute hidden variables defining states of appliance. The Additive Factorial Approximate MAP algorithm allows to designate states of each appliance. Moreover, an analysis of available solutions in terms of measurement frequency and appliance mathematical modeling is presented. We present the flowchart of the prototype appliance identification system with low measurement frequency energy meter. In the experimental part of the article, results of the selected home appliances identification are presented. Based on the results we conclude that probabilistic models of appliances allow to identify appliances working simultaneously.
The <i>Never ripe</i> Mutant Provides Evidence That Tumor-Induced Ethylene Controls the Morphogenesis of<i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i>-Induced Crown Galls on Tomato Stems1,2 (1998)

We confirm the hypothesis that Agrobacterium tumefaciens-induced galls produce ethylene that controls vessel differentiation in the host stem of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Using an ethylene-insensitive mutant, Never ripe (Nr), and its isogenic wild-type parent we show that infection by A. tumefaciens results in high rates of ethylene evolution from the developing crown galls. Ethylene evolution from isolated internodes carrying galls was up to 50-fold greater than from isolated internodes of control plants when measured 21 and 28 d after infection. Tumor-induced ethylene substantially decreased vessel diameter in the host tissues beside the tumor in wild-type stems but had a very limited effect in the Nr stems. Ethylene promoted the typical unorganized callus shape of the gall, which maximized the tumor surface in wild-type stems, whereas the galls on the Nr stems had a smooth surface. The combination of decreased vessel diameter in the host and increased tumor surface ensured water-supply priority to the growing gall over the host shoot. These results indicate that in addition to the well-defined roles of auxin and cytokinin, there is a critical role for ethylene in determining crown-gall morphogenesis.
Two-Step PCR-Based Assay for Identification of Bacterial Etiology of Otitis Media with Effusion in Infected Lebanese Children (1998)

We developed and evaluated a two-step PCR-based assay with universal primers and genus- or species-specific primers for the detection of the most prevalent bacterial etiologies of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children from Lebanese hospitals. These etiologies included Haemophilus, Streptococcus, and Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, which were detected in middle-ear effusion (MEE) samples taken from children with OME. A total of 47 MEE samples were aspirated from 36 patients during insertion of a tympanostomy tube performed particularly for OME. The duration of effusion in all patients was > or =2 months. DNA was extracted from MEE samples, and PCR was initially done with DNA extracts by using the universal primers RW01 and DG74, which flank an approximately 370-bp fragment found in the 16S rRNA gene of all bacterial species. For the identification of specific bacteria, we used in three separate reaction mixtures the following genus- or species-specific primers: (i) a Haemophilus-specific probe (probe RDR125) as a primer along with DG74, (ii) a Streptococcus-specific primer (primer STR1; designed by us) along with DG74, and (iii) an M. catarrhalis-specific primer pair (primer pair MCA1-MCA2). Thirty-five MEE samples (74.5%) gave the expected 370-bp band, indicating the presence of bacterial DNA in the tested samples. Of the 35 PCR-positive samples tested, 33 (94.3%) were positive for Haemophilus, 3 (8.6%) were positive for Streptococcus, and 10 (28.6%) were positive for M. catarrhalis. Ten samples (28.6%) exhibited a mixed infection and were positive for both Haemophilus and M. catarrhalis. Culture was simultaneously performed for all 47 MEE samples. Ten of the 47 MEE samples (21.3%) exhibited bacterial growth. These 10 were PCR positive for bacterial DNA. The remaining 25 PCR-positive samples were negative by culture, thus showing about 53% discordance between PCR results and those of culture. The PCR assay proved to be more sensitive than culture, more rapid, less cumbersome, and more cost-effective than the available PCR-Southern hybridization-based assays.
A clinical and urodynamic study comparing the Stamey bladder neck suspension and suburethral sling procedures in the treatment of genuine stress incontinence (1989)

Twenty women with urodynamically proven genuine stress incontinence were randomly allocated to treatment by suburethral sling or Stamey endoscopic bladder neck suspension. Urodynamic assessment was performed before and 3 months after surgery; clinical follow-up is reported up to 2 years. Blood loss was greater, and there were significantly more postoperative complications associated with the sling procedures. The subjective and objective cure rates at 3 months and 2 years were not significantly different between the two procedures. No significant changes in the resting urethral pressure profile were evident, although with both procedures, cure was associated with an enhancement in pressure transmission ratios in the proximal urethra. Detrusor instability occurring for the first time after operation was associated with both procedures; the sling, in addition, induced a significant degree of outflow obstruction, although this was not evident after the Stamey procedure.
Applicability of modified condition/decision coverage to software testing (1994)

Modified condition/decision coverage is a structural coverage criterion requiring that each condition within a decision is shown by execution to independently and correctly affect the outcome of the decision. This criterion was developed to help meet the need for extensive testing of complex Boolean expressions in safety-critical applications. The paper describes the modified condition/decision coverage criterion, its properties and areas for further work.
One-Step Synthesis of Saturated Spirocyclic N-Heterocycles with Stannyl Amine Protocol (SnAP) Reagents and Ketones (2014)

The combination of cyclic ketones and stannyl amine protocol (SnAP) reagents affords saturated, spirocyclic N-heterocycles under operationally simple reaction conditions. The resulting, N-unprotected spirocyclic amines are in great demand as scaffolds for drug discovery and development. The union of SnAP reagents and acyclic trifluoromethylketones yields α-CF3 morpholines and piperazines.
Early use of tocilizumab in patients with severe pneumonia secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and poor prognostic criteria (2021)

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, keeps spreading globally. Evidence suggests that a subgroup of patients with severe symptomatology might have cytokine storms, which increases mortality. The use of interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors may help in controlling the pathological immune response to the virus. Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against IL-6, stands as an optional treatment for COVID-19 patients presenting this inflammatory hyper-response.We conducted a retrospective, observational, cohort study including 50 patients affected by COVID-19 with severe pneumonia and poor prognosis criteria, who have also undergone standard treatment; 36 of these patients additionally received tocilizumab in an early stage. The need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mortality, recovery of respiratory function, and improvement of biochemical and hematological parameters were compared between cohorts.Most patients were men, non-smokers and the most frequently reported comorbidities were hypertension and diabetes. Recurrent symptoms were fever, cough, and dyspnoea. 54.8% of patients from the tocilizumab group needed intubation, while in the control group 85.7% needed it. Treatment with tocilizumab significatively increased IL-6 levels, (554.45; CI 95% 186.69, 1032.93; P < .05) while C-reactive protein mean levels were reduced (-108.19; CI 95% -140.15, -75.33; P < .05), but no significant difference was found between cohorts. In comparison with the controls, tocilizumab reduced mortality (25.0% vs 42.9%, P = .021) and the number of ICU admissions (63.9% vs 100.0%, P = .021). 44.1% of patients treated with tocilizumab showed favorable radiological evolution, when compared with 15.4% of patients from the control group.Tocilizumab may improve clinical symptoms and mitigate deterioration observed in severe COVID-19 patients, and could be considered as an effective therapeutic option in subjects experiencing a significant inflammatory response to the disease.
An Enterprise Intelligent System Development And Solution Framework (2007)

The recent trend has been using hybrid approach rather than using a single intelligent technique to solve the problems. In this paper, we describe and discuss a framework to develop enterprise solutions that are backed by intelligent techniques. The framework not only uses intelligent techniques themselves but it is a complete environment that includes various interfaces and components to develop the intelligent solutions. The framework is completely Web-based and uses XML extensively. It can work like shared plat-form to be accessed by multiple developers, users and decision makers.
Pharmacokinetic analysis and anticonvulsant activity of two polyesteric prodrugs of valproic acid (1993)

The pharmacokinetics of the following two polyesteric prodrugs of valproic acid (VPA) have been investigated: 1,4-butanediol divalproate (BDV) and glyceryl trivalproate (GTV). In addition, the anticonvulsant activity of these compounds has been evaluated and compared to that of VPA and valpromide (VPD). Valproic acid, and its two esteric derivatives were administered intravenously to six dogs at an equivalent dose (400 mg VPA) and their pharmacokinetics investigated. In the case of BDV, the biotransformation to VPA was complete, but in the case of GTV, it was only partial. Of the two investigated esteric prodrugs of VPA, only BDV demonstrated anticonvulsant activity and showed less neurotoxicity than VPA and VPD, and therefore had a better protective index. The anticonvulsant activity is explained on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic grounds due to its complete conversion to VPA and the possible synergism in anticonvulsant activity between VPA and 1,4-butanediol.
A Triazole Disulfide Compound Increases the Affinity of Hemoglobin for Oxygen and Reduces the Sickling of Human Sickle Cells (2018)

Sickle cell disease is an inherited disorder of hemoglobin (Hb). During a sickle cell crisis, deoxygenated sickle hemoglobin (deoxyHbS) polymerizes to form fibers in red blood cells (RBCs), causing the cells to adopt "sickled" shapes. Using small molecules to increase the affinity of Hb for oxygen is a potential approach to treating sickle cell disease, because oxygenated Hb interferes with the polymerization of deoxyHbS. We have identified a triazole disulfide compound (4,4'-di(1,2,3-triazolyl)disulfide, designated TD-3), which increases the affinity of Hb for oxygen. The crystal structures of carboxy- and deoxy-forms of human adult Hb (HbA), each complexed with TD-3, revealed that one molecule of the monomeric thiol form of TD-3 (5-mercapto-1H-1,2,3-triazole, designated MT-3) forms a disulfide bond with β-Cys93, which inhibits the salt-bridge formation between β-Asp94 and β-His146. This inhibition of salt bridge formation stabilizes the R-state and destabilizes the T-state of Hb, resulting in reduced magnitude of the Bohr effect and increased affinity of Hb for oxygen. Intravenous administration of TD-3 (100 mg/kg) to C57BL/6 mice increased the affinity of murine Hb for oxygen, and the mice did not appear to be adversely affected by the drug. TD-3 reduced in vitro hypoxia-induced sickling of human sickle RBCs. The percentage of sickled RBCs and the P<sub>50</sub> of human SS RBCs by TD-3 were inversely correlated with the fraction of Hb modified by TD-3. Our study shows that TD-3, and possibly other triazole disulfide compounds that bind to Hb β-Cys93, may provide new treatment options for patients with sickle cell disease.
Biotransformation of Cortisone with Rhodococcus rhodnii: Synthesis of New Steroids (2021)

Cortisone is a steroid widely used as an anti-inflammatory drug able to suppress the immune system, thus reducing inflammation and attendant pain and swelling at the site of an injury. Due to its numerous side effects, especially in prolonged and high-dose therapies, the development of the pharmaceutical industry is currently aimed at finding new compounds with similar activities but with minor or no side effects. Biotransformations are an important methodology towards more sustainable industrial processes, according to the principles of "green chemistry". In this work, the biotransformation of cortisone with <i>Rhodococcus rhodnii</i> DSM 43960 to give two new steroids, i.e., 1,9β,17,21-tetrahydoxy-4-methyl-19-nor-9β-pregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-11,20-dione and 1,9β,17,20β,21-pentahydoxy-4-methyl-19-nor-9β-pregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-11-one, is reported. These new steroids have been fully characterized.
International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering and Technology (2014)

International Journal of Innovative Science Engineering and TechnologyÂ (IJISET) is an scholarly, online international journal which aims to Publishes peer reviewed original research result oriented Survey papers in the fields of Engineering , Basic and Applied Sciences and Promote Innovative Technology.This journal intends to be of interest and utility to researchers and practitioners in the academic, industrial and governmental sectors. All original research contributions of significant value in all areas of engineering discipline are welcome.
HPLC of Peptides and Proteins: Basic Theory and Methodology (2004)

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is now firmly established as the premier technique for the analysis and purification of a wide range of molecules. In particular, HPLC in its various modes has become the central technique in the characterization of peptides and proteins and has, therefore, played a critical role in the rapid advances in the biological and biomedical sciences over the last 10 years.
Impaired Production and Diurnal Regulation of Vascular RvD <sub>n-3 DPA</sub> Increase Systemic Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease (2018)

These results demonstrate that peripheral blood RvD<sub>n-3 DPA</sub> are diurnally regulated in humans, and dysregulation in the production of these mediators may lead to cardiovascular disease.
MINIME: Pattern-Aware Multicore Benchmark Synthesizer (2014)

We present a novel automated multicore benchmark synthesis framework with characterization and generation components. Our framework uses parallel patterns in capturing important characteristics of multi-threaded applications and generates synthetic multicore benchmarks from those applications. The resulting synthetic benchmarks are small, fast, portable, human-readable, and they accurately reflect microarchitecture dependent and independent characteristics of the original multicore applications. Also, they can use either Pthreads or MCA libraries. We implement our techniques in the MINIME tool and generate synthetic benchmarks from PARSEC, Rodinia, and EEMBC MultibenchTM benchmarks on x86 and Power Architecture <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">®</sup> platforms. We show that synthetic benchmarks are representative across a range of multicore machines with different architectures, while being on average 21× faster and 14× smaller than original benchmarks.
Cause of Death (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Complete and accurate information on death certificates is important for the reasons given in the SPECIAL COMMUNICATION by Kircher and Anderson.<sup>1</sup>The example cited in case 2 deserves comment, since another scenario can be developed. Sudden death is a well-recognized event in severe aortic stenosis.<sup>2</sup>Could it be that this complication preceded the automobile accident, so that the underlying cause of death was in fact aortic stenosis?