gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enzymic regioselectivity in the hydroxylation of cholesterol catalyzed by a membrane-spanning metalloporphyrin (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzymic regioselectivity in the hydroxylation of cholesterol catalyzed by a membrane-spanning metalloporphyrinJohn T. Groves and Ronny NeumannCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 16, 3891–3893Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00251a054https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00251a054research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views384Altmetric-Citations60LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Growth kinetics of human cytomegalovirus are altered in monocyte-derived macrophages (1995)

Stimulation of monocytes/macrophages with activated nonadherent cells allows productive nonlytic growth of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), but the viral replication cycle is delayed relative to replication of HCMV in human fibroblasts. Analysis of infected monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) mRNA for major immediate-early (MIE 86, 72, and 55) and late (pp65 and gB) gene expression by reverse transcription PCR indicates that transcription peaks at 3 and 7 days postinfection (dpi), respectively. In contrast, in human fibroblast controls, mRNA for MIE and late gene expression peaked at 5 and 48 h postinfection, respectively. Consistent with reverse transcription PCR experiments, double-label antibody experiments first detected MIE antigen expression at 12 h postinfection, peaking at 3 dpi, and late (pp65 or gB) antigen expression at 5 dpi, peaking at 7 dpi. MIE antigen was not detected between 3 and 7 dpi but reappeared and was coexpressed with pp65 in enlarged MDM nuclei at 7 dpi. After 7 dpi, macrophages with numerous vacuoles containing large amounts of pp65 and gB were observed in culture. These vacuoles were frequently seen at cellular contact points, suggesting that cell-to-cell transfer of virus was the major mode of viral transmission. Consistent with this observation, infectious virus was recovered from MDM cellular lysates but not culture supernatant. The delayed growth and compartmentalization of HCMV in macrophages may allow the cell to accommodate the viral replication cycle without cell lysis. In addition, the macrophage may function as a vehicle for cell-to-cell transmission of HCMV.
Compact Microstrip Antennas (2002)

Chapter 2 introduces recent advances in compact microstrip antennas. Based on recent compact design techniques, such as using a shorted patch, a meandered patch, a meandered ground plane, an inverted U-shaped patch, a planar inverted-L patch, among others, microstrip antenna designs are discussed in the different sections of this chapter. Details of antenna designs and experimental results are presented.
Amyloid in polypeptide hormone-producing tumors. (1977)

Likert-type scales are used extensively during usability evaluations, and more generally evaluations of interactive experiences, to obtain quantified data regarding attitudes, behaviors, and judgments of participants. Very often this data is analyzed using parametric statistics like the Student t-test or ANOVAs. These methods are chosen to ensure higher statistical power of the test (which is necessary in this field of research and practice where sample sizes are often small), or because of the lack of software to handle multi-factorial designs nonparametrically. With this paper we present to the HCI audience new developments from the field of medical statistics that enable analyzing multiple factor designs nonparametrically. We demonstrate the necessity of this approach by showing the errors in the parametric treatment of nonparametric data in experiments of the size typically reported in HCI research. We also provide a practical resource for researchers and practitioners who wish to use these new methods.
Femtosecond Near Edge X-ray Absorption Measurement of the VO2 Phase Transition - eScholarship (2004)

Femtosecond Near Edge X-ray Absorption Measurement of the VO 2 Phase Transition. A. Cavalleri 1 , H.H.W. Chong (1) , S. Fourmaux (3) , T.E. Glover (2) , P.A.Heimannn (2) , J.C. Kieffer (3) , H.A. Padmore (2) , R.W. Schoenlein (1) . Abstract: We measure the insulator-to-metal transition in VO 2 using femtosecond Near-Edge X-ray Absorption. Sliced pulses of synchrotron radiation are used to detect the photo-induced dynamics at the 516-eV Vanadium L 3 edge. Email: acavalleri@lbl.gov Time-resolved spectroscopy can probe new physical pathways of phase transitions and reveal fundamental aspects that are hidden in time-integrated measurements. However, limited quantitative information about electronic structure can be extracted from measurements at visible wavelengths, motivating interest in short- pulse x-ray spectroscopy. V 2p 3/2 400 K 300 K O 1s 400 K 300 K V 2p 3/2 V 2p 1/2 O 1s Energy (eV) Figure 1. Static, VO 2 x-ray absorption spectra in the region around the V L 2,3 and the O K edge. Spectral changes at the V Ledge and the O K edge observed above 340 K Near-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy techniques probe unoccupied valence states by measuring transitions from core levels, rather than from extended occupied valence states as in visible spectroscopy. Element specificity, symmetry selection rules and linear/circular dichroic effects are some of its most powerful aspects. Due to the stringent tunability requirements on the source, time-resolved spectroscopy with soft x-rays is ideally performed using synchrotron radiation. Novel laser e-electron beam interaction schemes provide schemes to access the sub-picosecond time domain. Here, we report on picosecond and femtosecond soft x-ray absorption measurements of the insulator-to-metal transition in photo-
Fast Mode Decision For Depth Video Coding Based On Depth Segmentation (2012)

With the development of three-dimensional display and related technologies, depth video coding becomes a new topic and attracts great attention from industries and research institutes. Because (1) the depth video is not a sequence of images for final viewing by end users but an aid for rendering, and (2) depth video is simpler than the corresponding color video, fast algorithm for depth video is necessary and possible to reduce the computational burden of the encoder. This paper proposes a fast mode decision algorithm for depth video coding based on depth segmentation. Firstly, based on depth perception, the depth video is segmented into three regions: edge, foreground and background. Then, different mode candidates are searched to decide the encoding macroblock mode. Finally, encoding time, bit rate and video quality of virtual view of the proposed algorithm are tested. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm save encoding time ranging from 82.49% to 93.21% with negligible quality degradation of rendered virtual view image and bit rate increment.
Geschichte(n) nacherleben – Therapeutischer Einsatz von Märchen bei Demenz (2021)

„Knusper, knusper, knäuschen“ oder „Spieglein, Spieglein an der Wand“. Märchen sind vielen von uns vertraut, wecken Erinnerungen und rufen Emotionen wach. Außerdem können sie ein Gefühl von Geborgenheit vermitteln, die Beziehung zu anderen Menschen stärken und Interaktion fördern. Diese Erfahrung machte Nina Zinke immer wieder, wenn sie mit demenziell veränderten Menschen arbeitete. So entstand die Idee für ihre Bachelorarbeit, diesem Phänomen wissenschaftlich auf den Grund zu gehen.
Fibers, 4. Polyamide Fibers (2011)

The article contains sections titled: 1. Properties 2. Polyamides for Synthetic Fibers 2.1. Aminocarboxylic Acid Type Polyamides 2.2. Diamine – Dicarboxylic Acid Type Polyamides 2.3. Copolyamides 3. Special Requirements for Polyamides 4. Modifying Additions 5. Technology of Melt Spinning 5.1. Melt Spinning of Nylon 5.2. Special Techniques and Products 6. Uses 7. Economic Aspects
Second Language Acquisition & Language Pedagogy (1991)

Part 1 Interaction and second language acquisition: teacher-pupil interaction in second language acquisition the classroom context - an acquisition-rich or an acquisition-poor environment? Part 2 Formal instruction and second language acquisition: can syntax be taught? A study of the effects of formal instruction on the acquisition of WH questions by children are classroom and naturalistic acquisition the same? A study of the classroom acquisition of German word order rules the role of practice in classroom language learning. Part 3 Variability and second language acquisition: sources of variability in interlanguage interlanguage variability in narrative discourse - style-shifting in the use of the past tense. Part 4 Learning styles and second language acquisition: individual learning styles in classroom second language development classroom learning styles and their effect on second language acquisition - a study of two learners. Part 5 From research to pedagogy: second language learning and second language learners - growth and diversity contextual variability in second language acquisition and the relevancy of language teaching grammar teaching - practice or consciousness raising?
Poly (Adnenosine Diphosphoribose) Synthase Activity of Isolated Nuclei of Normal and Leukemic Leukocytes (1975)

Poly(adenosine diphosphoribose) (ADPR) synthase activities of nuclei isolated from normal human and leukemic leukocytes were assayed by incubation with radioactive NAD+. The synthase activity of leukemic leukocyte nuclei was significantly higher than that of normal leukocyte nuclei. The average length of polymers formed by isolated leukemic nuclei under the prescribed experimental condition ranged from 3.1 to 5.3 ADPR residues per chain, while those produced by normal leukocytes nuclei was 1.7 and 2.6 residues per chain. Isolated leukemic and normal leukocyte nuclei were incubated with and without NAD+ and the ability to carry out DNA synthesis was measured. The endogenous DNA synthesis of NAD-treated and untreated nuclei was the same. This finding parallels the result obtained with Novikoff hepatoma cell nuclei and differs from the observation with rat liver or testis nuclei.
MR imaging of the breast: fast imaging sequences with and without Gd-DTPA. Preliminary observations. (1989)

Of a total of 191 magnetic resonance breast studies performed since March 1984, 82 were performed with gradient-echo fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequences and fast imaging with steady precession (FISP). These techniques permit imaging of thin and contiguous sections, resulting in high resolution of the parenchymal structure. Intravenous injection of 0.1 mmol/kg of gadolinium diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid dimeglumine (50% of the dose used in spin-echo sequences) aided in detection of carcinomas as small as 3 mm in dense breast tissue. In 25 patients, dynamic studies were performed at short intervals after the injection of contrast medium in an attempt to differentiate more reliably between breast tissue types. All six malignant tumors found in these 25 patients showed enhancement characterized by a sudden increase in signal intensity on the order of 100% within the first 2 minutes after injection and a much slighter increase thereafter. Sixteen benign lesions showed a substantially different pattern of enhancement. Further studies are required to confirm these findings.
Functional Tissue-Engineered Valves from Cell-Remodeled Fibrin with Commissural Alignment of Cell-Produced Collagen (2008)

Heart valve replacements composed of living tissue that can adapt, repair, and grow with a patient would provide a more clinically beneficial option than current inert replacements. Bioartificial valves were produced by entrapping human dermal fibroblasts within a fibrin gel. Using a mold design that presents appropriate mechanical constraints to the cell-induced fibrin gel compaction, gross fiber alignment (commissure-to-commissure alignment in the leaflets and circumferential alignment in the root) and the basic geometry of a native aortic valve were obtained. After static incubation on the mold in complete medium supplemented with transforming growth factor beta 1, insulin, and ascorbate, collagen fibers produced by the entrapped cells were found to coalign with the fibrin based on histological analyses. The resultant tensile mechanical properties were anisotropic. Ultimate tensile strength and tensile modulus of the leaflets in the commissural direction were 0.53 and 2.34 MPa, respectively. The constructs were capable of withstanding backpressure commensurate with porcine aortic valves in regurgitation tests (330 mmHg) and opened and closed under physiological pressure swings of 10 and 20 mmHg, respectively. These data support proof of principle of using cell-remodeled fibrin gel to produce tissue-engineered valve replacements.
Bottleneck of Diffusion and Inductive Effects in Li<sub>10</sub>Ge<sub>1–<i>x</i></sub>Sn<sub><i>x</i></sub>P<sub>2</sub>S<sub>12</sub> (2018)

The lithium-ion conductor Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS) is known to exhibit ionic conductivity values as high as 12 mS·cm–1. Unfortunately, counter to chemical intuition, many attempts to enhance the ionic transport in LGPS, e.g., by increasing the Sn fraction in Li10Ge1–xSnxP2S12, have even led to a reduction in the conductivity. Employing a combination of Rietveld refinements against X-ray diffraction data, speed of sound measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, we investigate the structure–property relationships governing this behavior. Herein, it is shown that with increasing Sn4+ fraction in Li10Ge1–xSnxP2S12 a structural bottleneck along the diffusion channels in the z-direction begins to tighten, and with the concomitant increase in the lattice softness, the local ionic bonding interactions between Li+ and S2– become stronger, further increasing the activation barrier. This work provides a likely explanation for the lower conductivity exhibited by Li10SnP2S12 and demonstrates that there is more to the underlying lithium diffusion mechanism in the Li10MP2S12 structure.
FACETEQ interface demo for emotion expression in VR (2017)

Faceteq prototype v.05 is a wearable technology for measuring facial expressions and biometric responses for experimental studies in Virtual Reality. Developed by Emteq Ltd laboratory, Faceteq can enable new avenues for virtual reality research through combination of high performance patented dry sensor technologies, proprietary algorithms and real-time data acquisition and streaming. Emteq founded the Faceteq project with the aim to provide a human-centered additional tool for emotion expression, affective human-computer interaction and social virtual environments. The proposed demonstration will exhibit the hardware and its functionality by allowing attendees to experience three of the showcasing applications we developed this year.
An MRI-Compatible Robotic System With Hybrid Tracking for MRI-Guided Prostate Intervention (2011)

This paper reports the development, evaluation, and first clinical trials of the access to the prostate tissue (APT) II system-a scanner independent system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided transrectal prostate interventions. The system utilizes novel manipulator mechanics employing a steerable needle channel and a novel six degree-of-freedom hybrid tracking method, comprising passive fiducial tracking for initial registration and subsequent incremental motion measurements. Targeting accuracy of the system in prostate phantom experiments and two clinical human-subject procedures is shown to compare favorably with existing systems using passive and active tracking methods. The portable design of the APT II system, using only standard MRI image sequences and minimal custom scanner interfacing, allows the system to be easily used on different MRI scanners.
Dried Blood Spot Analysis by Digital Microfluidics Coupled to Nanoelectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (2012)

Dried blood spot (DBS) samples on filter paper are surging in popularity as a sampling and storage vehicle for a wide range of clinical and pharmaceutical applications. For example, a DBS sample is collected from every baby born in the province of Ontario, Canada, for quantification of approximately one hundred analytes that are used to screen for 28 conditions, including succinylacetone (SA), a marker for hepatorenal tyrosinemia. Unfortunately, the conventional methods used to evaluate DBS samples for newborn screening and other applications are tedious and slow, with limited options for automated analysis. In response to this challenge, we have developed a method to couple digital microfluidics (DMF) to nanoelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (nESI-MS) for SA quantification in DBS samples. The new system is formed by sandwiching a pulled glass capillary emitter between the two DMF substrates such that the capillary emitter is immobilized without external seals or gaskets. Moreover, we introduce a new feedback control system that enables high-fidelity droplet manipulation across DBS samples without manual intervention. The system was validated by application to on-chip extraction, derivatization, and analysis of SA and other analytes from DBS samples, with comparable performance to gold-standard methods. We propose that the new methods described here can potentially contribute to a new generation of analytical techniques for quantifying analytes in DBS samples for a wide range of applications.
Representation Learning on Graphs: Methods and Applications (2017)

Machine learning on graphs is an important and ubiquitous task with applications ranging from drug design to friendship recommendation in social networks. The primary challenge in this domain is finding a way to represent, or encode, graph structure so that it can be easily exploited by machine learning models. Traditionally, machine learning approaches relied on user-defined heuristics to extract features encoding structural information about a graph (e.g., degree statistics or kernel functions). However, recent years have seen a surge in approaches that automatically learn to encode graph structure into low-dimensional embeddings, using techniques based on deep learning and nonlinear dimensionality reduction. Here we provide a conceptual review of key advancements in this area of representation learning on graphs, including matrix factorization-based methods, random-walk based algorithms, and graph neural networks. We review methods to embed individual nodes as well as approaches to embed entire (sub)graphs. In doing so, we develop a unified framework to describe these recent approaches, and we highlight a number of important applications and directions for future work.
Current status of zirconia restoration (2013)

During the past decade, zirconia-based ceramics have been successfully introduced into the clinic to fabricate fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), along with a dental computer-aided/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system. In this article (1) development of dental ceramics, (2) the current status of dental CAD/CAM systems, (3) CAD/CAM and zirconia restoration, (4) bond between zirconia and veneering ceramics, (5) bond of zirconia with resin-based luting agents, (6) surface finish of zirconia restoration and antagonist enamel wear, and (7) clinical evaluation of zirconia restoration are reviewed. Yttria partially stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP) showed better mechanical properties and superior resistance to fracture than other conventional dental ceramics. Furthermore, ceria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline and alumina nanocomposites (Ce-TZP/A) had the highest fracture toughness and had resistance to low-temperature aging degradation. Both zirconia-based ceramics have been clinically available as an alternative to the metal framework for fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Marginal adaptation of zirconia-based FDPs is acceptable for clinical application. The most frequent clinical complication with zirconia-based FDPs was chipping of the veneering porcelain that was affected by many factors. The mechanism for the bonding between zirconia and veneering ceramics remains unknown. There was no clear evidence of chemical bonding and the bond strength between zirconia and porcelain was lower than that between metal and porcelain. There were two alternatives proposed that might avoid chipping of veneering porcelains. One was hybrid-structured FDPs comprising CAD/CAM-fabricated porcelain parts adhering to a CAD/CAM fabricated zirconia framework. Another option was full-contour zirconia FDPs using high translucent zirconia. Combined application of silica coating and/or silane coupler, and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate is currently one of the most reliable bonding systems for zirconia. Adhesive treatments could be applied to luting the restorations and fabricating hybrid-structured FDPs. Full-contour zirconia FDPs caused concern about the wear of antagonist enamel, because the hardness of Y-TZP was over double that of porcelain. However, this review demonstrates that highly polished zirconia yielded lower antagonist wear compared with porcelains. Polishing of zirconia is possible, but glazing is not recommended for the surface finish of zirconia. Clinical data since 2010 are included in this review. The zirconia frameworks rarely got damaged in many cases and complications often occurred in the veneering ceramic materials. Further clinical studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are required to investigate the possible influencing factors of technical failures.
NotaMark industrial laser marking system: a new security marking technology (2004)

Up until now, the only variable alphanumeric data which could be added to banknotes was the number, applied by means of impact typographical numbering boxes. As an additional process or an alternative to this mechanical method, a non-contact laser marking process can be used offering high quality and greater levels of flexibility. For this purpose KBA-GIORI propose an exclusive laser marking solution called <i>NotaMark</i>. The laser marking process <i>NotaMark</i> is the ideal solution for applying variable data and personalizing banknotes (or any other security documents) with a very high resolution, for extremely large production volumes. A completely integrated solution has been developed comprised of laser light sources, marking head units, and covers and extraction systems. <i>NotaMark</i> allows the marking of variable data by removing locally and selectively, specific printed materials leaving the substrate itself untouched. A wide range of materials has already been tested extensively. <i>NotaMark</i> is a new security feature which is easy to identify and difficult to counterfeit, and which complies with the standard mechanical and chemical resistance tests in the security printing industry as well as with other major soiling tests. The laser marking process opens up a whole new range of design possibilities and can be used to create a primary security feature such as numbering, or to enhance the value of existing features.