gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction <i>in vitro</i> of a primary human antiviral cytotoxic T cell response (1995)

We report herein the successful priming of human anti-viral cytotoxic T cells (CTL) in vitro using two induction strategies based on the stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from uninfected donors with synthetic viral peptides. The peptides used contain HLA-A2 binding motifs and have been identified as HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitopes in patients infected by the hepatitis B and C viruses. One approach uses repetitive long-term stimulation and the other uses bulk cultures containing large numbers of naive peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Both approaches successfully induce HLA-A2-restricted CTL specific for several viral epitopes. Some CTL recognize endogenously synthesized antigen on target cells infected with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the corresponding viral proteins. This simple technique permits easy analysis of the primary human CTL repertoire, and may be exploitable for production of specific CTL effector cells for adoptive immunotherapy and dissection of the cellular and molecular requirements for priming of naive human CTL.
Imaging in turbid media: a transmission detector gives 2-3 order of magnitude enhanced sensitivity compared to epi-detection schemes (2016)

Imaging depth in turbid media by two-photon fluorescence microscopy depends on the ability of the optical system to detect weak fluorescence signals. We have shown that use of a wide area detector in transmission geometry allows increasing imaging depth in turbid media due to efficient photon collection. Compared to the conventional <i>epi</i>-detection scheme used in most commercial microscopes, the transmission detector was found to be 2-3 orders of magnitude more sensitive when used for in depth imaging in scattering samples simulating brain optical properties.
Beyond Speech: Generalizing D-Vectors for Biometric Verification (2019)

Deep learning based automatic feature extraction methods have radically transformed speaker identification and facial recognition. Current approaches are typically specialized for individual domains, such as Deep Vectors (D-Vectors) for speaker identification. We provide two distinct contributions: a generalized framework for biometric verification inspired by D-Vectors and novel models that outperform current stateof-the-art approaches. Our approach supports substitution of various feature extraction models and improves the robustness of verification tests across domains. We demonstrate the framework and models for two different behavioral biometric verification problems: keystroke and mobile gait. We present a comprehensive empirical analysis comparing our framework to the state-of-the-art in both domains. Our models perform verification with higher accuracy using orders of magnitude less data than state-of-the-art approaches in both domains. We believe that the combination of high accuracy and practical data requirements will enable application of behavioral biometric models outside of the laboratory in support of much-needed improvements to cyber security.
Steady state simulation and noise analysis for driven oscillators (2009)

Traditional oscillator steady state simulation and noise analysis methods are only applicable to stand-alone oscillators without large signal inputs. In this paper, we present a multi-tone harmonic balance simulation method for driven oscillators with one or more periodic inputs. More importantly, we extend the Perturbation Projection Vector (PPV) theory to driven oscillators, and derive numerical method for calculating the PPV waveforms from the multi-tone harmonic balance solution. We evaluate the proposed technique on a driven LC oscillator, the simulation results show that our method is able to accurately capture the steady state and phase noise of driven oscillators.
Stubbed Waveguide Cavity Filters (2019)

A new class of reduced-size waveguide filters implementing pseudoelliptic filtering functions is presented in this article. The basic structure of these filters is the stubbed waveguide cavity (SWC), which is proposed in both singleand double-stub configurations. The SWC consists of a main TE201 mode cavity, which is loaded with one or two E-plane stubs. The stubs behave as embedded half-mode cavities supporting additional resonant modes, and they are properly located so as to realize specific coupling schemes for the generation and control of transmission zeros. Depending on its configuration, a sole SWC can generate up to three poles and three transmission zeros. The design of higher order filters employing a cascade of SWCs, as well as combinations between SWCs and conventional waveguide cavities, are presented. The experimental results of a third-order filter employing one SWC (double-stub configuration) and a fifth-order filter employing two SWCs validate the feasibility of this new class of waveguide filters.
Thermorheology of Polyethylene Wax Modified Sulfur Asphalt (2015)

Abstract The possibility of using polyethylene (PE) wax to modify the rheology of sulfur asphalt binders is investigated. In this study, two industrial wastes namely sulfur and PE wax are used to modify asphalt for pavement applications. Asphalt binders with different amounts of sulfur and wax content are prepared in a high shear blender and rheological tests were carried out in ARES rheometer. PE wax content was varied from 2 to 8 % and sulfur of up to 40 % is used in asphalt binder. Melt rheology is characterized by dynamic frequency sweep, temperature sweep and artificial ageing techniques. Pure and modified asphalt binders are also characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Improvement in the viscoelastic properties (G′ and G″) of the sulfur asphalt binders is obtained due to the addition of PE wax. PE wax modification has reduced temperature susceptibility of sulfur asphalt and increased the upper performance temperature. In addition, this wax modification has increased the activation energy and the zero shear viscosity of sulfur asphalt. Optimum sulfur and PE wax contents of the asphalt binder are recommended. Utilization of PE wax and sulfur wastes in asphalt modification proved to enhance asphalt pavement life.
Molecular Cloning, Expression and Properties of an  / -Galactoside  2,3-Sialyltransferase from Vibrio sp. JT-FAJ-16 (2007)

We cloned, expressed and characterized a novel alpha/beta-galactoside alpha2,3-sialyltransferase from Vibrio sp. bacterium JT-FAJ-16. Using a alpha2,3-sialyltransferase gene from a marine bacterium as a probe, a DNA sequence encoding a 402-amino-acid protein was identified from the JT-FAJ-16 genomic library. The protein showed 27.3-64.7% identity to the bacterial sialyltransferases classified into glycosyltransferase family 80. The protein showed sialyltransferase activity when expressed in Escherichia coli. The N-terminal truncated form of the enzyme was amplified in E. coli and its recovered activity was 215.7 unit/l culture medium. It was purified as a single band on SDS-PAGE through the three chromatographic steps. The specific activity of the purified recombinant enzyme reached 57.5 unit/mg protein. The alpha2,3sialylation was confirmed by (1)H- and (13)C-NMR analyses of the reaction products. The enzyme was optimally active at pH 5.5 and at 20 degrees C. Interestingly, the enzyme used both the alpha- and beta-anomers of galactosides as acceptors, suggesting that it can be described as an alpha/beta-galactoside alpha2,3-sialyltransferase. The enzyme had a wide range of acceptor substrate specificities. It transferred N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) to various monosaccharides and various oligosaccharides, and both N-linked and O-linked asialo-glycoprotein. These results suggest that the enzyme can be used as a powerful tool for the study for glycotechnology.
Diagnostic tools for hypertension and salt sensitivity testing (2012)

Accurate testing of salt sensitivity is not only laborious but also expensive, and with low patient compliance. Patients who have normal blood pressure but are salt-sensitive cannot be diagnosed in an office setting and there are no laboratory tests for salt sensitivity. Urinary surrogate markers for salt sensitivity are being developed.
Agents for the Treatment of Overactive Detrusor. III. Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of N-(4-Amino-2-butynyl)acetamide Derivatives. (1992)

A series of N-(4-amino-2-butynyl)acetamides were synthesized and examined for their inhibitory activity on detrusor contraction and mydriatic activity as an index of anticholinergic side effect. Among those compounds synthesized, (+)-2-cyclohexyl-N-(4-dimethylamino-2-butynyl)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacet amide hydrochloride ((+)-13b.HCl), 2-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-N-(4-methylamino-2-butynyl)-2-phenylacetamide+ ++ hydrochloride (13c.HCl), N-(4-dimethylamino-2-butynyl)-2,2-diphenyl-2-hydroxyacetamide hydrochloride (14a.HCl), and 2,2-diphenyl-N-(4-ethylamino-2-butynyl)-2-hydroxyacetamide hydrochloride (14b.HCl) showed equipotent inhibitory activity on detrusor contraction to oxybutynin (1) and less mydriatic activity. Further evaluation of these compounds as an agent for the treatment of overactive detrusor has been examined.
Improving parallel program execution time with message consolidation (2002)

Introduces a technique for optimizing interprocessor communication in programs for distributed memory multiprocessors. Our basic approach is to combine messages with the explicit goal of reducing the overall execution time, taking into account direct and indirect dependencies among the concurrent units. We first establish that combining messages between a pair of isolated processors is not necessarily useful in reducing the overall execution time of the program because of complex interprocessor dependencies. The conditions under which message combining is profitable are then established. We then search for such conditions along chains of dependencies that exist across several processors and combine messages that satisfy these conditions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Nanostructured Titanium Boride (TiB) Ceramic (2008)

A comprehensive report on the physical and mechanical properties of titanium boride (TiB), including many recent results that were largely determined in our research, is provided. Fully dense TiB was synthesized by reaction sintering of Ti and TiB 2 powders. A bulk nanostructured TiB ceramic material having a microstructure composed of nanosized and interconnected TiB whiskers was created. The TiB produced by this method has properties comparable with that of certain commercial types of silicon nitride.
Respirable antisense oligonucleotides: a new, third drug class targeting respiratory disease (2002)

Respirable antisense oligonucleotides represent a new, third class of respiratory drugs with the potential to extend the range of therapeutic responses to otherwise intractable respiratory targets, and to address precedented targets with the possibility of improving on such features as safety and durability of response.
Single-Element Diffraction-Limited Fisheye Metalens (2020)

Wide field-of-view (FOV) optical functionality is crucial for implementation of advanced imaging and image projection devices. Conventionally, wide FOV operation is attained with complicated assembly of multiple optical elements known as "fisheye lenses". Here we present a novel metalens design capable of performing diffraction-limited focusing and imaging over an unprecedented near 180° angular FOV. The lens is monolithically integrated on a one-piece flat substrate and involves only a single layer of metasurface that corrects third-order Seidel aberrations including coma, astigmatism, and field curvature. The metalens further features a planar focal surface, which enables considerably simplified system architectures for applications in imaging and projection. We fabricated the metalens using Huygens meta-atoms operating at 5.2 μm wavelength and experimentally demonstrated aberration-free focusing and imaging over the entire FOV. The design concept is generic and can be readily adapted to different meta-atom geometries and wavelength ranges to meet diverse application demands.
Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Vanes for Gas Turbine Engines (2005)

Ceramic matrix composite (CMC) turbine vanes, due to their high temperature capability, allow significantly higher firing temperatures with minimal cooling. Turbine vanes were designed for a gas turbine engine with special attention to attachment methods that minimize thermal stresses due to large differences in coefficients of thermal expansion between the CMC airfoil and metal platforms. Detailed aerodynamic, thermal and structural analyses were performed to ensure component reliability. The paper describes the component design, analysis, fabrication, and rig testing of a silicon carbide fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix (SiC/SiC) turbine vane.
Switching characteristics of a bistable cholesteric twist cell (1982)

We recently described the structure of a liquid-crystal twist cell possessing bistable states while a holding field is applied. We now present detailed measurements of operating parameters and switching characteristics. The voltage range for bistable operation and the switching times were determined as functions of temperature and of cell thickness to pitch ratio. We have shown that the holding voltage cell can be matrix addressed using either 2:1 or 3VH matrix addressing, although the cell is best suited for 3VH addressing. Using E-7 liquid-crystal mixture doped with cholesterol nonanoate, a 15 μ cell can be written with a 20-msec pulse of three times the holding voltage or about 5 V.
Isolation of a New Insertion Sequence, IS<i>13655</i>, and Its Application to<i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i>Genome Mutagenesis (2007)

A new functional Corynebacterium glutamicum insertion sequence (IS) element, IS13655, was isolated using a suicide vector. The IS element was 1,293 bp in size and contained 26-bp imperfect inverted repeats (IRs) and 3-bp target site duplication as direct repeats (DRs). IS13655 harbored two ORFs with high similarity to the transposase of IS1206, an IS3 family element. IS13655 revealed relatively high transposition efficiency, with low target site selectivity along the Corynebacterium glutamicum R genome, making it a potentially useful genetic engineering tool.
Molecular mechanism of chemoresistance by miR-215 in osteosarcoma and colon cancer cells (2010)

Taken together, our results indicate that miR-215, through the suppression of DTL expression, induces a decreased cell proliferation by causing G2-arrest, thereby leading to an increase in chemoresistance to MTX and TDX. The findings of this study suggest that miR-215 may play a significant role in the mechanism of tumor chemoresistance and it may have a unique potential as a novel biomarker candidate.
Near-lossless semantic video summarization and its applications to video analysis (2013)

The ever increasing volume of video content on the Web has created profound challenges for developing efficient indexing and search techniques to manage video data. Conventional techniques such as video compression and summarization strive for the two commonly conflicting goals of low storage and high visual and semantic fidelity. With the goal of balancing both video compression and summarization, this article presents a novel approach, called Near-Lossless Semantic Summarization (NLSS), to summarize a video stream with the least high-level semantic information loss by using an extremely small piece of metadata. The summary consists of compressed image and audio streams, as well as the metadata for temporal structure and motion information. Although at a very low compression rate (around 1/40 of H.264 baseline, where traditional compression techniques can hardly preserve an acceptable visual fidelity), the proposed NLSS still can be applied to many video-oriented tasks, such as visualization, indexing and browsing, duplicate detection, concept detection, and so on. We evaluate the NLSS on TRECVID and other video collections, and demonstrate that it is a powerful tool for significantly reducing storage consumption, while keeping high-level semantic fidelity.
Aerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor with Internal Media Cleaning (1996)

An aerobic fluidized bed reactor process with internal media cleaning to control attached biomass thickness was developed. Biomass control was achieved by the periodic creation of a turbulent zone within a specially designed cylindrical screened region surrounding the effluent port. A screen washer aided in keeping the cylindrical screen clean. A bed lifter produced turbulence throughout the bed to allow individual media particles to enter the cleaning zone for the removal of excess biofilm. The reactor system operated continuously without excessive biomass buildup on the support media and without the need for external media cleaning or recovery. Four analytical methods—systematic scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses, granular activated carbon drained density, phospholipid analyses, and fluorescein diacetate activity (FDA) measurements—were modified/developed for use in characterizing the microbial population attached to the media of the fluidized bed. The SEM analyses was valuable for monitoring changes the cleaning cycle caused to the biofilm. Phospholipid and FDA analyses were found to have potential for use as design and monitoring tools of the process.
SEX ATTRACTANT FOR CLOVER CUTWORM, <i>SCOTOGRAMMA TRIFOLII</i>: FIELD TESTS WITH VARIOUS RATIOS OF <i>Z</i>-11-HEXADECEN-1-YL ACETATE AND <i>Z</i>-11-HEXADECEN-1-OL, AND WITH VARIOUS QUANTITIES OF ATTRACTANT ON TWO TYPES OF CARRIERS (1977)

Abstract Catches of male clover cutworm moths with Z -11-hexadecen-1-yl acetate containing 10.8 to 25.0% Z -11-hexadecen-1-ol decreased linearly as the percentage of alcohol increased. The largest catches were with the acetate containing 10.8% alcohol, and at a concentration of 5 mg/rubber carrier. This bait was effective in the field for at least 4 weeks Catches of moths with the attractant on polyethylene carriers were independent of the attractant concentrations, and were significantly less ( P < 0.01) than with the same attractant concentrations on rubber carriers.
An acoustic direction finder (1983)

A simple procedure is described for finding the direction to the source of an acoustic signal—primarily the human voice. The method, in effect, constructs the cross correlation of severely distorted signals from two microphones. The distortion, a combination of time-domain processing and digital logic, is such to give strong preference to direct-path early arrivals over reflections that follow, and to produce streams of pulses whose cross correlations can be computed very simply. The method has been implemented as a combination of custom hardware, and a simple microprocessor. The implementation operates in real time (with ∼0.2-s delay) and produces outputs to indicate either the azimuth angle, or inter-microphone delay. Possible uses include self-aiming directional microphones, automatic aiming or switching of video cameras, and remote identification of talkers in nonvideo teleconferencing.
Bulk Acoustic Wave-Mediated Multiferroic Antennas: Architecture and Performance Bound (2015)

Time-varying magnetic flux can be induced from the dynamic mechanical strain of acoustic waves in multiferroic devices that are comprised of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive material. Such devices can be used to create electromagnetic radiation and to alleviate the platform effect associated with low-profile conformal antennas. In this paper, a bulk acoustic wave (BAW)-mediated multiferroic antenna structure is proposed. Its potential for efficient radiation of electromagnetic waves is evaluated by analytically deriving the lower bound of its radiation quality factor (Q factor). A one-dimensional (1-D) multiscale finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique is developed to predict the bilateral, dynamic coupling between the acoustic waves and electromagnetic waves. The simulation shows a decaying stress profile in the BAW resonator structure, which implies that the radiation of the electromagnetic waves acts as a damping load to the acoustic resonance. The simulated radiation Q factor matches well with the analytical derivations and the agreement validates both the operating principle of the proposed antenna and the FDTD algorithm developed. The study concludes that efficient antennas may be realized at GHz frequencies with thin film multiferroic material that has thicknesses of the order of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> wavelength.
Perpendicular giant magnetoresistance of CoFeB/Cu single and dual spin-valve films (2002)

We present giant magnetoresistance measurements in the current-perpendicular-to-plane mode on single and dual spin valves whose areas are from 0.1 to 1.0 μm2. Dependence on the magnetic layer thickness and the structure was investigated. It was revealed that magnetoresistance change increases 20% by insertion of a nonmagnetic spacer layer in the free layer. The results were analyzed within the framework of the two-current series-resistor model, and proved to be consistent with the theory.
Is There Excess Oxidative Stress and Damage in Eyes of Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa? (2015)

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of diseases in which a mutation in one of the large variety of genes causes death of rod photoreceptors. After rods die, cone photoreceptors gradually die resulting in constriction of visual fields and eventual blindness in many patients. Studies in animal models of RP have demonstrated that oxidative damage is a major contributor to cone cell death. In this study, we extended those findings to patients with RP, because compared to control patients, those with RP showed significant reduction in the reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio in aqueous humor and a significant increase in aqueous protein carbonyl content. In contrast, there was no significant decrease in the serum GSH/GSSG ratio or increase in carbonyl content of serum proteins. These data indicate that patients with RP have ocular oxidative stress and damage in the absence of manifestations of systemic oxidative stress and/or damage indicating that demonstrations of oxidative damage-induced cone cell death in animal models of RP may translate to human RP. These observations lead to the hypothesis that potent antioxidants will promote cone survival and function in patients with RP and that the aqueous GSH/GSSG ratio and carbonyl content on proteins may provide useful biomarkers. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 23, 643-648.