gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Photochemical amplifier for liquid chromatography based on singlet oxygen sensitization (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotochemical amplifier for liquid chromatography based on singlet oxygen sensitizationCurtis L. Shellum and John W. BirksCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 14, 1834–1841Publication Date (Print):July 15, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 July 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00141a021https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00141a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views158Altmetric-Citations14LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
180 Efficacy of Dasotraline in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in a Laboratory Classroom Setting (2018)

Abstract Objectives Once-daily dosing with dasotraline, a novel dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, achieves stable plasma concentrations over 24 hours. This phase 3 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of dasotraline in children with attention deficithyperactivity disorder (ADHD) throughout the day, in a laboratory classroom setting (NCT02734693). Methods Children (6–12 years) meeting DSM-5 criteria for ADHD were randomized to 2 weeks of dasotraline or placebo (dosed daily at home at approximately 8 PM). Following an abbreviated practice day, laboratory classroom evaluations took place at baseline and on Day 15. The primary endpoint was mean change from baseline at Day 15 in ADHD symptoms, as measured by the Swanson, Kotkin, Agler, M-Flynn, and Pelham Combined Score (SKAMP-CS), obtained from the average of 7 assessments collected across the 12-hour laboratory classroom day (12–24 hours post-dose). Secondary endpoints included SKAMP scores obtained throughout the day at individual timepoints from 8 AM through 8 PM (12–24 hours post-dose), and measures of safety and tolerability. Results The ITT population comprised 112 patients. Mean age was 9.5 years, 68.8% were male; 92% completed the study. Dasotraline 4 mg/day significantly improved mean SKAMP-CS versus placebo (p<0.0001, effect size 0.85) with significant effects persisting throughout the day. Mean SKAMP subscores improved significantly versus placebo (Attention p<0.0001, effect size 0.81; Deportment p<0.001, effect size 0.70). Treatment-emergent adverse events were generally mild or moderate in severity; most frequent (with dasotraline 4 mg/day; placebo) included: insomnia (19.6%; 3.6%, all terms combined), decreased appetite (10.7%; 3.6%), headache (10.7%; 8.9%), affect lability (8.9%; 7.1%), irritability (5.4%; 3.6%), postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (5.4%; 0%), and perceptual disturbances (5.4%; 0%). Conclusions In this 2-week, randomized, double-blind, laboratory classroom study in children with ADHD, once-daily dasotraline significantly improved ADHD symptoms (including deportment and attention), compared with placebo, and demonstrated sustained efficacyup to 24 hours post-dose. The most common adverse events were insomnia, decreased appetite, and headache. Funding Acknowledgements Study sponsored by Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Co-focused ultrasound and optical coherence elastography system for the study of age-related changes of biomechanical properties of crystalline lens in rabbit eyes (2015)

In this study, we utilize a confocal ultrasound and phase-sensitive optical coherence elastography (OCE) system to assess age-related changes in biomechanical properties of the crystalline lens in intact rabbit eyes in situ. Lowamplitude elastic deformations, induced on the surface of the lens by localized acoustic radiation force, were measured using phase-sensitive OCT. The results demonstrate that the displacements induced in young rabbit lenses are significantly larger than those in the mature lenses. Temporal analyses of the elastic waves are also demonstrated significant difference between young and old lenses, indicating that the stiffness of lens increases with the age. These results demonstrate possibility of OCE for completely noninvasive analysis and quantification of lens biomechanical properties, which could be used in many clinical and basic science applications such as surgeries and studies on lens physiology and function.
Excitation of shear waves inside of rubberlike material by focused ultrasound (1996)

It is known that the difference in shear modulus for normal tissues and for pathological ones can reach two or three orders. This is the basis for the development of a very sensitive medical diagnostics method. Shear stresses inside of tissue can be excited by a focused ultrasound. The efficiency of this process is the main problem. The phenomenon of shear wave excitation by a focused acoustical beam has been studied experimentally and theoretically. In the experiment a shear wave has been excited in rubberlike material (transparent polymer) by powerful focused ultrasonic beam in a pulsed regime. The registration of the shear deformation has been performed by means of an optical beam, which was focused at a target in the thickness of polymer sample. Temporal profiles of a shear wave have been registered at different distances from the focal region. The measured value of shear wave velocity was in a good agreement with its theoretical prediction. A theoretical model of shear wave generation by a beam of a longitudinal wave has been developed. An analytical expression for the pulse response function was derived which allows one to study the spatial and temporal characteristics of the shear wave.
Human Platelets Tau: A Potential Peripheral Marker for Alzheimer's Disease (2011)

Platelets are a major peripheral reservoir of the amyloid-β protein precursor, so they have been considered as a potential biological marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, it is demonstrated that tau protein is also present in platelets and that the levels of oligomeric species of this protein could serve as a novel and reliable biological marker for AD. Blood samples were obtained from 15 AD patients and 10 paired-age controls and platelets were separated via differential centrifugation. The purity of platelets was determined by flow cytometry and microscopy and the presence of tau was determined by immunofluorescence and immunoblots with tau specific antibodies. Immunofuorescence and immunoblot patterns of platelets were positive for tau. Immunoblots also showed the presence of high molecular weight (HMW) variants of tau that appeared to correspond to oligomeric forms of the protein. The ratio of HMW tau respect to tau monomeric species was significantly higher in AD patients than controls. The present is the first description of the presence of tau in platelets. The analysis of different tau fractions in platelets could serve as a new biological marker for AD.
Methods to enable the design of bioactive small molecules targeting RNA (2013)

RNA is an immensely important target for small molecule therapeutics or chemical probes of function. However, methods that identify, annotate, and optimize RNA-small molecule interactions that could enable the design of compounds that modulate RNA function are in their infancies. This review describes recent approaches that have been developed to understand and optimize RNA motif-small molecule interactions, including structure-activity relationships through sequencing (StARTS), quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR), chemical similarity searching, structure-based design and docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Case studies described include the design of small molecules targeting RNA expansions, the bacterial A-site, viral RNAs, and telomerase RNA. These approaches can be combined to afford a synergistic method to exploit the myriad of RNA targets in the transcriptome.
Unconventional ligand activation of herpesvirus entry mediator signals cell survival (2009)

The herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM; TNFRSF14) activates NF-kappaB through the canonical TNF-related cytokine LIGHT, serving as a costimulatory pathway during activation of T cells. HVEM also functions as a ligand for the Ig superfamily members B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) and CD160, both of which limit inflammatory responses initiated by T cells. Emerging evidence indicates BTLA also promotes T cell survival, but its structural differences from LIGHT intimate BTLA is unlikely to function as an activator of HVEM. We demonstrate here that BTLA, CD160, and herpes simplex virus envelope glycoprotein D (gD) function as activating ligands for HVEM, promoting NF-kappaB activation and cell survival. Membrane-expressed BTLA and CD160, as well as soluble dimeric receptor surrogates BTLA-Fc and gD-Fc specifically activated HVEM-dependent NF-kappaB. BTLA and CD160 engagement induced recruitment of TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), but not TRAF3, to HVEM that specifically activated the RelA but not the RelB form of NF-kappaB in a mucosal epithelial tumor cell line. Moreover, Btla(-/-) T cells survived poorly following activation but were rescued with BTLA-Fc, indicating HVEM-BTLA bidirectional signaling may serve as a critical cell-survival system for lymphoid and epithelial cells.
Moving targets labeling and correspondence over multi-camera surveillance system based on Markov network (2009)

In this paper, we propose an efficient way to simultaneously label and map targets over a multi-camera surveillance system. In the system, we first fuse the detection results from multiple cameras into a posterior distribution. This distribution indicates the likelihood of having some moving targets on the ground plane. Based on the distribution, isolated targets, together with their 3-D positions, are identified in a sample-based manner, which combines Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), and mean-shift clustering. The induced 3-D scene information is further inputted into a 3-layer Bayesian hierarchical framework (BHF), which adopts a Markov network to deal with the object labeling and correspondence problems. In principle, labeling and correspondence are regarded as a unified optimal problem subject to 3-D scene prior, image color similarity, and detection results. The experiments show that accurate results can be gotten even under situations with severe occlusion.
CMOS/BICMOS SELF-ASSEMBLING AND ELECTROTHERMAL MICROACTUATORS FOR TUNABLE CAPACITORS, GAP-CLOSING STRUCTURES AND LATCH MECHANISMS (2004)

CMOS/BiCMOS MEMS micromovers that use the principles of self-assembly and electrothermal actuation have been designed, fabricated and tested. These micromovers exhibit lateral micropositioning of up to 25 m. Three main applications are demonstrated: tunable capacitors, gap-closing structures and latch mechanisms. A 2.17 to 1 capacitor tuning range was measured from 400 fF to 866 fF within a 5 V control voltage. Mechanical latch structures that operate by sequencing micromovers enable zero-power stand-by operation of the capacitors. Micromovers are also used to form 300 nm gaps, which are integrated into a microresonator design. Finite-element simulation of displacements of the lateral self-assembly and actuation match measured results to within 20%.
Cellular automata-based pseudorandom number generators for built-in self-test (1989)

A variation on a built-in self-test technique is presented that is based on a distributed pseudorandom number generator derived from a one-dimensional cellular automata (CA) array. The cellular automata-logic-block-observation circuits presented are expected to improve upon conventional design for testability circuitry such as built-in logic-block operation as a direct consequence of reduced cross correlation between the bit streams that are used as inputs to the logic unit under test. Certain types of circuit faults are undetectable using the correlated bit streams produced by a conventional linear-feedback-shift-register (LFSR). It is also noted that CA implementations exhibit data compression properties similar to those of the LFSR and that they display locality and topological regularity, which are important attributes for a very large-scale integration implementation. It is noted that some CAs may be able to generate weighted pseudorandom test patterns. It is also possible that some of the analysis of pseudorandom testing may be more directly applicable to CA-based pseudorandom testing than to LFSR-based schemes.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Spins...free of charge (2004)

Quantum interference of single and two photon absorption pathways connecting valence and conduction band states in a semiconductor allow one to generate spin currents with or without charge currents. The underlying principles for these generation processes are outlines. We offer experimental demonstration of pure spin currents in GaAs using two color beams configured collinearly to produce spatially homogeneous currents, or non-collinearly to produce spin current gratings.
Frequency Selective Surfaces as Near Infrared Electro-Magnetic Filters for Thermophotovoltaic Spectral Control (2004)

Frequency selective surfaces (FSS) effectively /filter electromagnetic radiation in the microwave band (lmm to 100mm).Interest exists in extedding this technology to the near infrared (1pm to 1 Opm) for use as a filter of thermal radiation i n^ thermophotovoltaic (TPV) direct energy conversion.This paper assesses the ability of+S to meet the strict spectral performance requirements of a TPV system.Inherent parasitic absorption, which is the result of the induced currents in the FSS metallization, is identified 4s a significant obstacle to achieving high spectral performance.
Novel Internally Staged Permeator Designs Using a Hollow Fiber Fabric (2000)

Abstract Five novel internally staged permeator (ISP) designs for membrane-based gas separations are described. Two permeate streams, a low-pressure and an intermediate-pressure permeate, and a high-pressure retenate stream are produced in an ISP. Three of the new designs utilize a woven fabric or alternating sheets of fibers to enable contacting patterns that are not possible with previous designs. All designs are compared for the production of an enriched oxygen permeate from air. Design and operational parameters were selected to maximize the recovery of the enriched oxygen product. Of the new designs, the best performer is the co-cross design. The best overall performer is the co-counter design. The co-cross design is able to recover 33% of the feed as a 42% oxygen permeate while the co-counter design is able to recover 35% of the feed in contrast to the 12% recovery provided by a single countercurrent stage. However, this increase in recovery comes at the expense of a significant increase in required membrane area: the co-cross design requires 20× more area than the countercurrent stage while the co-counter design requires 23× more area. All ISP designs are capable of producing higher permeate purities than achievable in a single countercurrent stage. The co-counter design can recover 12% of the feed as a 52% oxygen permeate while a single countercurrent stage is limited to purities less than 45%. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors gratefully acknowledge partial support of this project by the National Science Foundation through Grant CTS-9408414.
Tolerance to IDDM Induced by CD4 Antibodies in Nonobese Diabetic Mice is Reversed by Cyclophosphamide (1993)

IDDM can be induced in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice in several ways, including high doses of cyclophosphamide and transfer of diabetic spleen cells to sublethally irradiated recipients. It has previously been established that transferred diabetes can be prevented by treatment with a nondepleting CD4 monoclonal antibody; however, we report herein that cyclophosphamide-induced diabetes also can be prevented using this antibody. The protection induced by CD4 monoclonal antibody to transferred diabetes is maintained for a long period after cessation of antibody treatment. However, cyclophosphamide can abrogate this induced tolerance and we report that this abrogation does not require new T-cells. During the course of the experimental work described, we observed that the thymus had a suppressive effect on the expression of transferred disease. Mice that were depleted of their peripheral T-cells showed a doubling of the time for disease expression if they were euthymic, compared with thymectomized mice.
Development and Validation of a Perfect KASP Marker for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Gene Fhb1 in Wheat (2019)

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating wheat disease with a significant economic impact. <i>Fhb1</i> is the most important large effect and stable QTL for FHB resistance. A pore-forming toxin-like (<i>PFT</i>) gene was recently identified as an underlying gene for <i>Fhb1</i> resistance. In this study, we developed and validated a <i>PFT</i>-based Kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) marker for <i>Fhb1</i>. The KASP marker, PFT_KASP, was used to screen 298 diverse wheat breeding lines and cultivars. The KASP clustering results were compared with gel-based gene specific markers and the widely used linked STS marker, UMN10. Eight disagreements were found between PFT_KASP and UMN10 assays among the tested lines. Based on the genotyping and sequencing of genes in the <i>Fhb1</i> region, these genotypes were found to be common with a previously characterized susceptible haplotype. Therefore, our results indicate that PFT_KASP is a perfect diagnostic marker for <i>Fhb1</i> and would be a valuable tool for introgression and pyramiding of FHB resistance in wheat cultivars.
An automatic method to discriminate malignant masses from normal tissue in digital mammograms<sup>1</sup> (2000)

Specificity levels of automatic mass detection methods in mammography are generally rather low, because suspicious looking normal tissue is often hard to discriminate from real malignant masses. In this work a number of features were defined that are related to image characteristics that radiologists use to discriminate real lesions from normal tissue. An artificial neural network was used to map the computed features to a measure of suspiciousness for each region that was found suspicious by a mass detection method. Two data sets were used to test the method. The first set of 72 malignant cases (132 films) was a consecutive series taken from the Nijmegen screening programme, 208 normal films were added to improve the estimation of the specificity of the method. The second set was part of the new DDSM data set from the University of South Florida. A total of 193 cases (772 films) with 372 annotated malignancies was used. The measure of suspiciousness that was computed using the image characteristics was successful in discriminating tumours from false positive detections. Approximately 75% of all cancers were detected in at least one view at a specificity level of 0.1 false positive per image.
Whisker reinforced glass ceramic (1996)

The process for making an in-situ whisker reinforced glass-ceramic that is up to 1.5 times as strong as conventional glass-ceramics was developed at Virginia Tech and patented in 1993. This technology has been identified as having commercial potential for use in high temperature heat exchanger applications for the electric power generation field by the National Center for Appropriate Technology (NCAT). This technology was licensed by MATVA, Inc., a small Virginia business, for further development. In particular, the goal of this project was to develop a property database and conduct initial testing of heat exchanger prototypes to demonstrate its potential application. This final report describes how the glass precursor was formed, physical properties of the glass-ceramic, techniques for making heat exchanger prototypes.
Molecularly imprinted polymers in clinical diagnostics—Future potential and existing problems (2006)

The last five years have witnessed a fast progress in the area of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). These have included the development of rational protocols for polymer design (combinatorial and computational), the development of MIPs compatible for use in aqueous environment and the development of various procedures for the integration of MIPs with sensors. The substantial improvements in the performance of imprinted polymers have also been accompanied by a growing number of MIP publications related to solving practical problems associated with their use, e.g. in environmental and clinical analysis. This paper furnishes a detailed analysis of recent achievements in MIPs design and applications related to healthcare, made by our group as well as others worldwide.
Study on the environmental effect on human being detection using the UWB bio-radar (2023)

Objective: Non-contact penetrating detection and sensing of human beings (vital signs) through nonmetallic obstacles (ruins, wall, and smog) using the ultra-wideband (UWB) bio-radar plays a significant role in various post-disaster rescue operations in national public security events, like earthquake, building collapse, and factory explosion. In practical application scenarios, the narrowband radio frequency interference (RFI) and surrounding movement interference (SMI) are the two most common and major types of environmental interference (EI), which would cause serious effects on the penetrating detection performance of the UWB bio-radar. Methods: Therefore, through establishing a quantitative and controllable experiment system and combining a proposed quantitative evaluation method, this paper quantitatively investigates and evaluates the influencing characteristics and laws of these two interferences on human vital sign detection using the UWB bio-radar. In the quantitative experiments, two key environmental spatial parameters (interference distance and angle) of interference sources and two kinds of system parameters (main lobe width and time window) of the UWB bio-radar are considered. Results: Numerous experiments at different interference positions and corresponding statistical results demonstrated that both the RFI and SMI have a high negative correlation with the interference distance. Meanwhile, the SMI, which is highly related to the interference angle, could be screened or isolated by the detecting time window and main lobe boundary of UWB bio-radar, but the RFI could not be detected. Discussion: This study shows potential in providing transcendental knowledge and guidance for special EI suppression study, and even for the future design, manufacture, and rational use of the UWB bio-radar, facilitating improvement in the practical performance and effectiveness of the UWB bio-radar search and rescue system.