gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Histopathologic insights into the mechanism of anti‐non‐Gal antibody‐mediated pig cardiac xenograft rejection (2013)

The histopathology of cardiac xenograft rejection has evolved over the last 20 yr with the development of new modalities for limiting antibody-mediated injury, advancing regimens for immune suppression, and an ever-widening variety of new donor genetics. These new technologies have helped us progress from what was once an overwhelming anti-Gal-mediated hyperacute rejection to a more protracted anti-Gal-mediated vascular rejection to what is now a more complex manifestation of non-Gal humoral rejection and coagulation dysregulation. This review summarizes the changing histopathology of Gal- and non-Gal-mediated cardiac xenograft rejection and discusses the contributions of immune-mediated injury, species-specific immune-independent factors, transplant and therapeutic procedures, and donor genetics to the overall mechanism(s) of cardiac xenograft rejection.
Abstract 18712: Adeno-associated Viral Gene Delivery of Calsequestrin 2 Protects Adult Calsequestrin 2-R33Q Knock-in Mice From Developing Ventricular Tachycardias (2012)

Background. Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) is a highly lethal recessive arrhythmogenic disease associated with mutations in the calsequestrin 2 (CASQ2) gene. We previously demonstrated that CASQ2 gene delivery was able to rescue the arrhythmic phenotype in CASQ2 knock-out (KO) mice 5 months after the viral infection. The aim of the present study is to investigate the long-term effects of viral gene delivery in CASQ2-R33Q missense mutation mouse model. Methods. Newborn CPVT mice were infected with adeno-associated viral vector 9 (AAV9) containing the coding sequence of the wild type CASQ2 co-expressed with green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect at 7 and 12 months after viral infection by in vivo ECG analysis, in vitro electrophysiological and molecular assays. Results. Telemeter recording of ECG demonstrated in vivo ventricular tachycardias (VT) after epinephrine (2 mg/Kg) administration in only 17% (2 out of 12) of the infected mice, while ...
Morphogenetic expression of Bacteroides nodosus fimbriae in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1987)

Type 4 fimbriae are found in a range of pathogenic bacteria, including Bacteroides nodosus, Moraxella bovis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The structural subunits of these fimbriae all contain a highly conserved hydrophobic amino-terminal sequence preceding a variable hydrophilic carboxy-terminal region. We show here that recombinant P. aeruginosa cells containing the B. nodosus fimbrial subunit gene under the control of a strong promoter (pL, from bacteriophage lambda) produced large amounts of fimbriae that were structurally and antigenically indistinguishable from those produced by B. nodosus. This was demonstrated by fimbrial isolation and purification, electrophoretic and Western transfer analyses, and immunogold labeling and electron microscopy. These results suggest that type 4 fimbriated bacteria use a common mechanism for fimbrial assembly and that the structural subunits are interchangeable, thereby providing a basis for the development of multivalent vaccines.
Electro-Tactile Display with Force Feedback (2001)

In this paper, we deal with an electro-tactile display for the fingertip (electric Braille). Although electro-cutaneous stimulation (electrical stimulation from the skin surface) has a long history, its application was limited to clinical experiments for two main reasons: the difficulty in producing a sensation with sufficient resolution, and the unstable relationship between electrical current and the perceived sensation. We propose here two methods to solve these problems. One is to use anodic current stimulation to sharpen the elicited sensation. The other is to control current with finger pressure in order to regulate the sensation naturally.
Characterization of Antibody Response to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus ORF5 Product following Infection and Evaluation of its Diagnostic Use in Pigs (1999)

The sensitivity and specificity of recombinant open reading frame 5 products used in the Western blotting assay for confirmation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) serologic status were evaluated. The recombinant antigen-based assays were specifically compared with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for PRRSV antibodies using 1) PRRSV antibody-negative reference sera (n = 30), 2) naturally infected pig sera (n = 40), 3) sequential sera obtained from 24 experimentally infected pigs, and 4) sera submitted to 3 state diagnostic laboratories (n = 200). The recombinant antigen assay yielded an average increased sensitivity of 10% over the commercial PRRSV ELISA. The negative controls (group 1 sera) showed no difference between the 2 assays. This comparison confirmed that the recombinant antigen-specific assay was more sensitive than the commercial ELISA and is well suited for routine confirmation of the presence of PRRSV antibodies.
Metrology for additive manufacturing (3D printing) technologies (2018)

The findings presented in this paper stem from the survey of unclassified literature on additive manufacturing (AM)/3D printing technologies and their metrology (science of measurements). AM technologies allow engineers to design and build parts more freely than ever before. They also help to make production more distributed and eliminate obsolescence. This paper introduces different types of AM, as well as metrology challenges that NSWC Corona, the leading agency for the US Navy's Metrology and Calibration (METCAL) program, needs to address. It discusses potential uses, process limitations and metrology related to three popular categories of AM technologies; material extrusion (e.g., fused deposition modelling), powder bed fusion (e.g., selective laser melting) and directed energy deposition (e.g., laser-engineered net shaping). Powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition have proved capable of firearm and aerospace-grade manufacturing. AM technologies demonstrate huge promise and may revolutionise design, manufacturing, logistics, maintenance and acquisition in the Navy. However, there are still multiple hurdles to overcome before AM becomes an effective component in the military toolset. As AM continues to advance, the only way to ensure these new technologies fit as reliable pieces of the warfighter arsenal is to prioritise the development of corresponding measurement techniques and calibration schedules.
Rare Earth Complex as Electron Trapper and Energy Transfer Ladder for Efficient Red Iridium Complex Based Electroluminescent Devices (2015)

In this work, we experimentally demonstrated the new functions of trivalent rare earth complex in improving the electroluminescent (EL) performances of iridium complex by codoping trace Eu(TTA)3phen (TTA = thenoyltrifluoroacetone, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) into a light-emitting layer based on PQ2Ir(dpm) (iridium(III)bis(2-phenylquinoly-N,C(2'))dipivaloylmethane). Compared with a reference device, the codoped devices displayed higher efficiencies, slower efficiency roll-off, higher brightness, and even better color purity. Experimental results demonstrated that Eu(TTA)3phen molecules function as electron trappers due to its low-lying energy levels, which are helpful in balancing holes and electrons and in broadening recombination zone. In addition, the matched triplet energy of Eu(TTA)3phen is instrumental in facilitating energy transfer from host to emitter. Finally, highly efficient red EL devices with the highest current efficiency, power efficiency and brightness up to 58.98 cd A(-1) (external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 21%), 61.73 lm W(-1) and 100870 cd m(-2), respectively, were obtained by appropriately decreasing the doping concentration of iridium complex. At certain brightness of 1000 cd m(-2), EL current efficiency up to 51.94 cd A(-1) (EQE = 18.5%) was retained. Our investigation extends the application of rare earth complexes in EL devices and provides a chance to improve the device performances.
Cover Picture: Colloidal Crystal Capillary Columns—Towards Optical Chromatography (Adv. Mater. 4/2005) (2005)

Abstract The cover illustration, designed by Ludovico Cademartiri, is an artistic rendering of novel micro‐ and nanobore chromatographic columns, as reported by Ozin and co‐workers on p. 438. The three‐dimensional periodic arrangement of the building blocks, solid spheres or air‐spheres, constituting the chromatographic stationary phase allows wavelength‐selective interaction of electromagnetic radiation with the stationary phase. The photonic stop band responsible for the structural color of the column is monitored spectroscopically and shifts of its wavelength, generated by minute refractive index changes within a mobile phase (here represented by alkane homologues), can be immediately detected at any point along and around the column due to the exceptional structural uniformity.
Wafer bonded, local oxidation defined, capacitor micromachined ultrasonic transducers for medical applications (2008)

We present a technology for making capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) that is based on direct wafer bonding of silicon on insulator wafer (SOI), and where the vertical dimensions and geometry of the CMUT are defined by local oxidation (LOCOS). The advantages of this approach for making CMUTs is the excellent control, no only over the membrane properties, but also over the shape and dimensions of the cavity. We demonstrated the ability to make devices with cavities in the 10s of nanometer range which enables devices up to a frequency of 100 MHz. The devices exhibit reduced charging where we measure a voltage shift of 0.03 V for devices cycled in and out of collapse at 50 V. The devices also have reduced parasitic capacitance as thicker oxides are grown in the regions of the SOI bond to the membrane. These are typically the regions that contribute most to the parasitic capacitance. Finally, because of the reduced charging, it is possible to operate these devices in and out of collapse which results in higher output pressure than devices operating in conventional mode. Hence, these CMUTs are much more predictable and reproducible in their operation and performance.
Metal-coated carbon nanotube tips for magnetic force microscopy (2004)

We fabricated cantilevers for magnetic force microscopy with carbon nanotube tips coated with magnetic material. Images of a custom hard drive demonstrated 20 nm lateral resolution, with prospects for further improvements.
Memristor-Based Multithreading (2013)

Switch on Event Multithreading (SoE MT, also known as coarse-grained MT and block MT) processors run multiple threads on a pipeline machine, while the pipeline switches threads on stall events (e.g., cache miss). The thread switch penalty is determined by the number of stages in the pipeline that are flushed of in-flight instructions. In this paper, Continuous Flow Multithreading (CFMT), a new architecture of SoE MT, is introduced. In CFMT, a multistate pipeline register (MPR) holds the microarchitectural state of multiple different threads within the execution pipeline stages, where only one thread is active at a time. The MPRs eliminate the need to flush in-flight instructions and therefore significantly improve performance. In recent years, novel memory technologies such as Resistive RAM (RRAM) and Spin Torque Transfer Magnetoresistive RAM (STT-MRAM), have been developed. All of these technologies are nonvolatile, store data as resistance, and can be described as “memristors.” Memristors are power efficient, dense, and fast as compared to standard memory technologies such as SRAM, DRAM, and Flash. Memristors therefore provide the opportunity to place the MPRs physically within the pipeline stages. A performance analysis of CFMT is compared to conventional SoE MT processors, demonstrating up to a 2X performance improvement, while the operational mechanism, due to the use of memristors, is low power and low complexity as compared to conventional SoE MT processors.
A new class of specialty optical fibers based on a novel material composition of the doping host for the study of optical amplification (2021)

Chapter 1 describes the fabrication of erbium-doped specialty optical fibers based on alumina–germania–calcia–yttria–chromium glass, phase-separated alumina–silica glass, and zirconia–yttria–alumina–barium silica glass by a modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) process in combination with a solution doping technique. This novel Cr,Er AGCYS fiber demonstrates, in the near-infrared (NIR) range, all optical properties inherent to doping with Er3+ ions, well-known for EDFs, as well as a set of advantages stemming from its co-doping with Cr3+/Cr4+ ions. This chapter also highlights a set of characteristics that affect NIR (>1 μm) applications, namely absorption and fluorescence spectra, fluorescence decay, resonant-absorption bleaching, and gain spectra. Finally, the chapter discusses the special features of such erbium-doped specialty optical fibers for use as optical fiber amplifiers in broadband communication systems compared to standard EDFs.
Control of Lipid Accumulation in the Yeast <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> (2008)

A genomic comparison of Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicates that the metabolism of Y. lipolytica is oriented toward the glycerol pathway. To redirect carbon flux toward lipid synthesis, the GUT2 gene, which codes for the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase isomer, was deleted in Y. lipolytica in this study. This Delta gut2 mutant strain demonstrated a threefold increase in lipid accumulation compared to the wild-type strain. However, mobilization of lipid reserves occurred after the exit from the exponential phase due to beta-oxidation. Y. lipolytica contains six acyl-coenzyme A oxidases (Aox), encoded by the POX1 to POX6 genes, that catalyze the limiting step of peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Additional deletion of the POX1 to POX6 genes in the Delta gut2 strain led to a fourfold increase in lipid content. The lipid composition of all of the strains tested demonstrated high proportions of FFA. The size and number of the lipid bodies in these strains were shown to be dependent on the lipid composition and accumulation ratio.
Preparation and uses of large area single crystal metal foils (2019)

Various preparations and uses of single crystal metals are discussed. We briefly review (i) preparation methods of single crystal metals such as growth from melts, epitaxial deposition in vapors and solutions, and abnormal grain growth in solids and (ii) uses of single crystal metals according to their produced shapes (“bulk” vs “film and foil”). We pay special attention to recent advances in the preparation of large area single crystal metal foils and their potential uses.
Transmission of stationary nonlinear optical pulses in dispersive dielectric fibers. I. Anomalous dispersion (1973)

Theoretical calculations supported by numerical simulations show that utilization of the nonlinear dependence of the index of refraction on intensity makes possible the transmission of picosecond optical pulses without distortion in dielectric fiber waveguides with group velocity dispersion. In the case of anomalous dispersion (∂2ω/∂k2&gt;0) discussed here [the case of normal dispersion (∂2ω/∂k2&lt;0) will be discussed in a succeeding letter], the stationary pulse is a ``bright'' pulse, or envelope soliton. For a typical glass fiber guide, the balancing power required to produce a stationary 1-ps pulse is approximately 1 W. Numerical simulations show that above a certain threshold power level such pulses are stable under the influence of small perturbations, large perturbations, white noise, or absorption.
A tissue-engineered model of fetal distal lung tissue (2007)

In extending our previous studies toward development of an engineered distal lung tissue construct (M. J. Mondrinos, S. Koutzaki, E. Jiwanmall, M. Li, J. P. Dechadarevian, P. I. Lelkes, and C. M. Finck. Tissue Eng 12: 717-728, 2006), we studied the effects of exogenous fibroblast growth factors FGF10, FGF7, and FGF2 on mixed populations of embryonic day 17.5 murine fetal pulmonary cells cultured in three-dimensional collagen gels. The morphogenic effects of the FGFs alone and in various combinations were assessed by whole mount immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. FGF10/7 significantly increased epithelial budding and proliferation; however, only FGF10 alone induced widespread budding. FGF7 alone induced dilation of epithelial structures but not widespread budding. FGF2 alone had a similar dilation, but not budding, effect in epithelial structures, and, in addition, significantly enhanced endothelial tubular morphogenesis and network formation, as well as mesenchymal proliferation. The combination of FGF10/7/2 induced robust budding of epithelial structures and the formation of uniform endothelial networks in parallel. These data suggest that appropriate combinations of exogenous FGFs chosen to target specific FGF receptor isoforms will allow for control of lung epithelial and mesenchymal cell behavior in the context of an engineered system. We propose that tissue-engineered fetal distal lung constructs could provide a potential source of tissue or cells for lung augmentation in pediatric pulmonary pathologies, such as pulmonary hypoplasia and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. In addition, engineered systems will provide alternative in vitro venues for the study of lung developmental biology and pathobiology.
Breast cancer detection utilizing Brillouin precursors at microwave frequencies (2012)

For early detection of breast cancer, ultrawideband microwave imaging techniques, among others, are a useful tool. This paper presents some of our numerical results showing the formation of Brillouin precursors from the back-scattered components of the microwave electromagnetic waves propagating through both normal and malignant breast tissues. The advantageous nature of these precursors is also highlighted.
Scan converter for sector scan type ultrasound imaging system (1982)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ryobun Tachita, Yoshihiro Hayakawa, Hiroshi Fukukita, Tsutomu Yano, Kazuyoshi Irioka, Akira Fukumoto; Scan converter for sector scan type ultrasound imaging system. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 September 1982; 72 (3): 1097. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.388270 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Mechanisms of Local Stress Sensing in Multifunctional Polymer Films Using Fluorescent Tetrapod Nanocrystals (2016)

Nanoscale stress-sensing can be used across fields ranging from detection of incipient cracks in structural mechanics to monitoring forces in biological tissues. We demonstrate how tetrapod quantum dots (tQDs) embedded in block copolymers act as sensors of tensile/compressive stress. Remarkably, tQDs can detect their own composite dispersion and mechanical properties with a switch in optomechanical response when tQDs are in direct contact. Using experimental characterizations, atomistic simulations and finite-element analyses, we show that under tensile stress, densely packed tQDs exhibit a photoluminescence peak shifted to higher energies ("blue-shift") due to volumetric compressive stress in their core; loosely packed tQDs exhibit a peak shifted to lower energies ("red-shift") from tensile stress in the core. The stress shifts result from the tQD's unique branched morphology in which the CdS arms act as antennas that amplify the stress in the CdSe core. Our nanocomposites exhibit excellent cyclability and scalability with no degraded properties of the host polymer. Colloidal tQDs allow sensing in many materials to potentially enable autoresponsive, smart structural nanocomposites that self-predict impending fracture.
Template-Free Synthesis and<i>in Situ</i>Functionalization of Nanocapsules (2011)

A single component, multifunctional resorcinarene thiol-ene monomer, resorcinarene tetra alkene tetra thiol (RTATT), has been used as a photopolymerizable building block, for the synthesis of hollow nanocapsules, and other morphologically distinct polymeric architectures. Photopolymerization of RTATT in chloroform resulted in the direct formation of nanocapsules, in the absence of any template or preorganization. We show that the polymerization media plays a crucial role in determining the polymer morphology, as a variety of architectures, like lattices, fibrous networks, and nanoparticles were produced by varying the solvent. Further, we have developed a one-pot, two-stage method for the synthesis and in situ functionalization of resorcinarene nanocapsules.
Controlled/“Living” Radical Polymerization. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Using Multidentate Amine Ligands (1997)

Three multidentate amines, tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), N,N,N‘,N‘,N‘‘-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) and 1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethyltriethylenetetramine (HMTETA) have been successfully used as new ligands in the copper mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate. All the polymerizations were well controlled with a linear increase of molecular weights (Mn) with conversion and relatively low polydispersities throughout the reactions. Compared to the 2,2‘-bipyridine (bipy) based ligands, most multidentate amines are less expensive and the polymerization mixtures are less colored. In particular, the use of the tridentate PMDETA and the tetradentate HMTETA as the ligands resulted in faster polymerization rates for styrene and methyl acrylate than those using bipy as the ligand. This may be in part attributed to the fact that the coordination complexes between copper and the simple amines have lower redox potentials than the copper−bipy complex, resulting in higher rates of activation of the dormant halides. Additional rate effects may originate from the solubilities of the copper(I) and copper(II) complexes. The new ligands are very attractive alternatives to bipy and its derivatives as ligands.