gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum and Gingival Fluid Antibodies as Adjuncts in the Diagnosis of <i>Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans</i> Associated Periodontal Disease (1985)

Serum antibody titers to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were measured in 200 subjects by an enzyme-lined immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using whole microorganisms as antigen. Comparisons were made between titers found in periodontally normal subjects and titers in subjects with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP), postlocalized juvenile periodontitis, generalized juvenile periodontitis or adult periodontitis. It was found that titers to all three serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans were elevated in LJP patients' sera, while serum antibody levels in other diseased groups were not significantly elevated to any of the serotypes. Patient sera were also examined for serum antibody to oral Haemophili previously shown to cross-react with A. actinomycetemcomitans. Similar antibody titers were found in both normal subjects and in patients with various forms of periodontal disease to Haemophilus aphrophilus, H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae. The A. actinomycetemcomitans antibodies which were elevated in LJP patients could not be correlated with antibody titers to cross-reacting Haemophili, suggesting that these antibodies are A. actinomycetemcomitansspecific. Serum antibody responses in six of the LJP patients were assessed to autologous strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans. Each patient was found to be infected with only a single serotype of A. actinomycetemcomitans, and specific antibodies to the infecting serotype were found in the patients' sera. In families, the LJP patients had significantly elevated IgG, IgA and IgM serum antibody titers to A actinomycetemcomitans, while the IgG and IgA antibody titers in periodontally normal siblings were at levels comparable to those found in normal subjects. However, IgM serum antibodies were elevated in the periodontally normal siblings of LJP patients suggesting that the formation of IgM antibodies to A. actinomycetemcomitans may precede the clinical appearance of localized juvenile periodontitis. Gingival crevicular fluid and serum antibody levels to A. actinomycetemcomitans were compared in LJP patients. Comparable titers of IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies were found in serum and gingival fluid in most subjects; however, gingival fluid samples sometimes showed higher titers than serum, likely resulting from local antibody synthesis. The value of serum antibody determinations to A. actinomycetemcomitans in the diagnosis of Actinobacillus-associated periodontitis was also assessed. The predictive value of a positive test (significantly elevated anti-A actinomycetemcomitans IgG) was 86%, while the specificity was 89%. These results suggest that the measurement of serum or gingival crevicular fluid antibodies to A. actinomycetemcomitans may be valuable in the diagnosis of Actinobacillusassociated periodontal disease.
An estimation-theoretic approach to video denoiseing (2015)

A novel denoising scheme is proposed to fully exploit the spatio-temporal correlations of the video signal for efficient enhancement. Unlike conventional pixel domain approaches that directly connect motion compensated reference pixels and spatially neighboring pixels to build statistical models for noise filtering, this work first removes spatial correlations by applying transformations to both pixel blocks and performs estimation in the frequency domain. It is premised on the realization that the precise nature of temporal dependencies, which is entirely masked in the pixel domain by the statistics of the dominant low frequency components, emerges after signal decomposition and varies considerably across the spectrum. We derive an optimal non-linear estimator that accounts for both motion compensated reference and the noisy observations to resemble the original video signal per transform coefficient. It departs from other transform domain approaches that employ linear filters over a sizable reference set to reduce the uncertainty due to the random noise term. Instead it jointly exploits this precise statistical property appeared in the transform domain and the noise probability model in an estimation-theoretic framework that works on a compact support region. Experimental results provide evidence for substantial denoising performance improvement.
En Route to the Formation of High-Efficiency, Osmium(II)-Based Phosphorescent Materials (2006)

Triosmium cluster complexes [Os3(CO)8(fppz)2] (2a) and [Os3(CO)8(fptz)2] (2b) bearing two 2-pyridyl azolate ligands were synthesized in an attempt to establish the reaction mechanism that gives rise to the blue-emitting phosphorescent complexes [Os(CO)2(fppz)2] (1a) and [Os(CO)2(fptz)2] (1b) [(fppz)H = 3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole; (fptz)H = 3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-(2-pyridyl)triazole]. X-ray structural analysis of 2b showed an open triangular metal framework incorporating multisite-coordinated 2-pyridyltriazolate ligands. Treatment of 2 with the respective 2-pyridylazolate ligand led to the formation of blue-emitting complex 1b, confirming their intermediacy, while the reaction of 2b with phosphine ligand PPh2Me afforded two hitherto novel hydride complexes 3 and 4, for which the reversible interconversion was clearly established at higher temperatures (> 180 degrees C). The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of 3 and 4 confirmed their monometallic and isomeric nature, together with the coordination of two phosphine ligands located in the trans-disposition and one CO and one hydride located opposite to the pyridyl triazolate chelate. Subtle differences in photophysical properties were examined for isomers 3 and 4 on the basis of steady state absorption and emission, the relaxation dynamics, and temperature-dependent luminescent studies. The results, in combination with time-dependent density function theory (TDDFT) calculations, provide fundamental insights into the future design and preparation of highly efficient phosphorescent emitters.
466 The Reduced Pigment (rp) Gene and Biosynthesis of alpha-Tocopherol in Carrot Roots (2000)

Carrots contribute ≈14% of the total Vitamin A to the human diet in the United States due to the presence of the provitamin A carotenoids α- and β-carotene. We have described a recessive gene ( rp ) that inhibits carotenoid biosynthesis in carrot by 93%, resulting in whitish-yellow roots. The rp mutation is also associated with relatively high levels of a tocopherol (Vitamin E, 0.61±0.15 mg α-tocopherol/100 g FW). Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that must be obtained from the diet. The biosynthesis of a tocopherol in carrot has not been studied in any detail; however, the rp gene may provide clues as to its mechanism. The production of carotenoids and tocopherols is biosynthetically linked by their common precursor, geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP). GGDP is converted into phytoene by phytoene desaturase to produce carotenoids and combined with homogentisic acid to produce tocopherols. Carotenoid and tocopherol profiles for various carrot genotypes are presented alongside a model describing the potential relationship between root carotenoids and tocopherols in carrot. The presence of significant amounts of tocopherols in carrot could significantly raise the nutritional profile of this vegetable.
Supplementary Figures from Lisaftoclax (APG-2575) Is a Novel BCL-2 Inhibitor with Robust Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Models of Hematologic Malignancy (2023)

Supplementary Figures from Lisaftoclax (APG-2575) Is a Novel BCL-2 Inhibitor with Robust Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Models of Hematologic Malignancy
Effects of flour sources on acrylamide formation and oil uptake in fried batters (2004)

Abstract Food batters were formulated using flours of long‐grain rice, waxy rice, wheat, or corn. Acrylamide and oil analyses were conducted for the flour and the corresponding fried batter. During frying, the formation of acrylamide ranged from 82 ng/g for the long‐grain rice batter to 263 ng/g for the corn batter. Oil uptake ranged from 21.4% for the long‐grain rice batter to 47.3% for the wheat batter. The incorporation of 5% pregelatinized rice flour and 1.5–3.0% milk as functional additives into the long‐grain rice batter only slightly increased the acrylamide and oil contents.
Investigation of viewing zone parameters for full color transmission type holographic screens (2000)

Viewing zone shape and size perform a key role in creating viewing comfort for the viewer. The horizontal and vertical sizes of viewing zones, formed by a full color transmission type holographic screen with a stereoscopic image projection are investigated. The screens have been recorded as holograms of a narrow stripe shaped object with different width; to extend the vertical size of the viewing zone the holograms were exposed two times with the hologram shifting between exposures. The viewing zone parameters were measured as a function of the stripe width of the object and of the exit pupil size of projection optics for several holographic screens having the size of the 30 <TEX>$\times$</TEX> 40 <TEX>$\textrm{cm}^2$</TEX>.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Synthesis of Modified Oligonucleotides (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
PbTe-based quantum-dot thermoelectric materials with high ZT (2003)

Following the experimentally observed Seebeck coefficient enhancement in PbTe quantum wells in Pb/sub 1-x/Eu/sub x/Te/PbTe multiple-quantum-well structures which indicated the potential usefulness of low dimensionality, we have investigated the thermoelectric properties of PbSe/sub x/Te/sub 1-x//PbTe quantum-dot superlattices for possible improved thermoelectric materials. We have again found enhancements in Seebeck coefficient and thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) relative to bulk values, which occur through the various physics and materials science phenomena associated with the quantum-dot structures. To date, we have obtained ZT values approximately double the best bulk PbTe values, with ZT as high as about 0.9 at 300 K and conservatively estimated values as high as 2.0 at higher temperatures.
First experience with spatial frequency domain imaging and red-lightexcitation of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence during tumorresection (2020)

Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) enhances intraoperative visualization of tumors to maximize safe resection, and quantitative fluorescence imaging (qFI) of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) has provided additional information for guidance during intracranial tumor surgery. Previous developments in fluorescence quantification have demonstrated that the depth of fluorescence signals can be estimated given known optical properties in a lab setting, and now with the work described here that these optical properties can be determined in vivo in human brain tissue in the operating room (OR) during tumor resection procedures. More specifically, we report the first depth estimation of subsurface tumor intraoperatively, achieved with the combination of spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) for optical property measurement and red-light excitation of PpIX. We modified a commercial surgical microscope (Zeiss) with a digital light processing module (DLI Austin, TX) to modulate light from a xenon arc lamp to illuminate the field. White-light excitation and a liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF Verispec) were used to measure diffuse reflectance at discrete wavelengths of 670 nm and 710 nm on a sCMOS camera. An illumination-side filter wheel allowed excitation of PpIX fluorescence at 405 nm and 635 nm, and the LCTF measured fluorescence emissions at 670 nm and 710 nm. Data acquisition and processing generated wide-field images of the depth of PpIX fluorescence within 1 minute in the OR. The ability of the clinical microscope to perform optical property mapping with SFDI and convert these wide-field estimates into images of the depth of fluorescence was tested in tissue simulating phantoms and <i>in vivo</i> during a craniotomy for brain tumor resection. Results indicate that wide-field optical property estimates with SFDI can be combined with depth sensing algorithms to produce maps of the depth of PpIX when exposed to red-light in the OR.
Analysis of methods for reducing false positives in the automated detection of clustered microcalcifications in mammograms (1998)

Clustered microcalcifications are often the first sign of breast cancer in a mammogram. Nevertheless, all clustered microcalcifications are not found by an individual radiologist reading a mammogram. The use of a second reader may find those clusters of microcalcifications not found by the first reader, thereby improving the sensitivity of detecting clustered microcalcifications. Our laboratory has developed a computerized scheme for the detection of clustered microcalcifications, which can act like a second reader, that is undergoing clinical evaluation. This paper concerns the feature analysis stage of the computer scheme, which is designed to remove some of the false-computer detections. We have examined three methods of feature analysis, namely, rule based (the method currently used), an artificial neural network (ANN), and a combined method. In an independent database of 50 images, at a sensitivity of 83%, the average number of false positive (FP) detections per image was: 1.9 for rule-based, 1.6 for ANN, and 0.8 for the combined method. We demonstrate that the combined method performs best because each of the two stages eliminates different types of false positives.
Optimally Stable Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Generation and Essential Points for Compact Plasma Source (1992)

This study examines the strong dependence of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma generation on the microwave conditions and the magnetic field profiles in the ECR plasma. When an introduced microwave frequency oscillates and has a large ripple, the ECR plasma around the ECR region vibrates and regularly turns on and off. The microwave oscillation and the microwave ripple must be eliminated to prevent poor etching anisotropy. Moreover, the nonuniform plasma causes disturbed ion motions due to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma instability. It is found that uniform and high-density ECR plasma is generated by optimizing the waveguide, the location of the ECR region and the magnetic field profiles for precise ULSI patterning. Based on these results, we determine the essential features for realizing a compact ECR plasma source.
Structured layout for resizable background art (2009)

We have investigated a method to represent dynamically resizable background art images using a structured layout language. Background art is often used in photo layout to enhance the photo sharing experience, to impose a theme in story telling or to add better visual effect to photos. Different from natural scene photographs, background art images tend to have strong regularity and symmetry. Directly applying general resizing techniques to the whole image often fails to preserve the original design intention. By examining the background images that are manually composed for different page sizes by graphic artists, we have come up with a set of design theories. Based on these theories, we developed a design language and a transformation algorithm that together enable dynamic adaptation of images to different layout dimensions, while preserving the original look and feel. The design language describes the composition of a background with primitive image elements. Based on the attributes of the elements, the transformation algorithm dictates how each element should be resized and translated with the layout dimension. In our test cases, the automatically resized images give comparable results to manually resized ones. This method provides several benefits for automatic photo album layout: not only it adapts the art design to different page dimensions, it also automatically adjusts the photo placement regions, and it often allows the composition of large and high resolution images with relatively small number of image primitives.
Development of an Optical Digital Ionisation Chamber (1989)

Journal Article Development of an Optical Digital Ionisation Chamber Get access J.E. Turner, J.E. Turner Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S.R. Hunter, S.R. Hunter Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R.N. Hamm, R.N. Hamm Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H.A. Wright, H.A. Wright Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G.S. Hurst, G.S. Hurst Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W.A. Gibson (INVITED) W.A. Gibson (INVITED) Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 29, Issue 1-2, 1 October 1989, Pages 9–14, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a080522 Published: 01 October 1989
Cathode short structure to enhance the robustness of bidirectional power MOSFETs (2018)

Bidirectional power MOSFETs can block voltages of either polarity between the drain and the source. This makes them attractive for many applications as they offer a distinct cost advantage over the conventional power MOSFETs. However, bidirectional power MOSFETs suffer from poor robustness as the parasitic bipolar is easier to trigger when the body is routed out separately from the source. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate the concept of a cathode short which reduces the parasitic bipolar gain by degrading the injection efficiency of the base-emitter junction and consequently improves the robustness of the bidirectional power MOSFET. The parasitic bipolar gain is shown to reduce by more than a factor of 3 and the current switching capability is enhanced by a factor of ~4.
Stable mixed chimerism and tolerance to human organ transplants (2015)

Tolerance to combined kidney and hematopoietic cell transplant has been achieved in humans after establishment of mixed chimerism allowing for the withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs. The seminal contributions of Ray Owen provided the scientific basis for the human protocol.
300-Gb/s, 24-Channel Full-Duplex, 850-nm, CMOS-Based Optical Transceivers (2008)

We report a compact, low-profile transceiver with 24 transmitter and 24 receiver channels, each operating at 12.5 Gb/s. The achieved 300 Gb/s aggregate bi-directional data rate is the highest ever reported for parallel optical modules.
FPGA power reduction using configurable dual-Vdd (2004)

Power optimization is of growing importance for FPGAs in nanometer technologies. Considering dual-Vdd technique, we show that configurable power supply is required to obtain a satisfactory performance and power tradeoff. We design FPGA circuits and logic fabrics using configurable dual-Vdd and develop the corresponding CAD flow to leverage such circuits and logic fabrics. We then carry out a highly quantitative study using area, delay and power models obtained from detailed circuit design and SPICE simulation in 100nm technology. Compared to single-Vdd FPGAs with optimized Vdd level for the same target clock frequency, configurable dual-Vdd FPGAs with full and partial supply programmability for logic blocks reduce logic power by 35.46% and 28.62% respectively and reduce total FPGA power by 14.29% and 9.04% respectively. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first in-depth study on FPGAs with configurable dual-Vdd for power reduction.
Dual-energy measurements utilizing a novel multimedia detector (2002)

Dual-energy measurements are presented utilizing a novel slot-scan digital radiographic imaging detector, operating on gaseous-solid state ionization principles. The novel multimedia detector has two basic functional components: a noble gas filled detector volume operating on gas microstrip principles, and a solid state detector volume. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential use of this multimedia detector for enhanced dual-energy imaging. The experimental results indicate that the multimedia detector exhibits a high sensitivity. Although the intrinsic merit of this device is being explored for medical imaging, potential applications of the multimedia detector technology in other industrial areas are also very promising.
Methods for increasing the efficiency of Compton imagers (2005)

A Compton scatter camera based on position sensitive, planar Ge and Si(Li) detectors with segmented electrodes is being developed at LLNL. This paper presents various methods that were developed to increase the position resolution of the detectors, the granularity and capability to reconstruct the scattering sequence of the gamma-ray within the detectors. All these methods help to increase the efficiency of the imager, by accepting more photons in the final image. The initial extent and diffusion of charge-carrier clouds inside the semiconductor detectors are found to affect profoundly the fraction of interactions that deposit charge in multiple adjacent electrodes. An accurate identification of these charge-shared interactions is a key factor in correctly reconstructing the position of interactions in the detector.
Influence of the Polymerization Conditions on the Performance of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (2009)

Although molecular imprinting in organic polymers was introduced by Wulff more than 30 years ago,(1) this promising technology has yet to realize its full commercial potential, partially due to the lack of a clear understanding of how physical factors affect the polymerization process and what basic rules should be applied in order to produce synthetic receptors with the required characteristics. This arises mainly from the complex nature of the polymerization reaction in cross-linked systems which depends on many interrelated factors. Among the most important physical factors affecting the polymerization process, as well as the recognition properties of the materials produced, are temperature, type of initiation, pressure, magnetic field, volume of the polymerization mixture, dielectric constants of monomers and solvent, and polymerization time. This paper was inspired by the urgent need to summarize the knowledge generated concerning how polymerization conditions affect the quality of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in order to help the imprinting community make rational and effective choices and maximize their chances for success.
Renewable, Degradable, and Chemically Recyclable Cross-Linked Elastomers (2016)

Most commercial elastomers, typified by vulcanized natural rubber, are cross-linked polymers and as such cannot easily be reprocessed or recycled. While some are derived from renewable resources, the majority are produced from petroleum feedstocks and do not easily degrade. In this study, renewable elastomers based on β-methyl-δ-valerolactone were produced using two different methodologies: (1) tandem copolymerization/cross-linking with a bis(six-membered cyclic carbonate); (2) cross-linking of a linear poly(β-methyl-δ-valerolactone) homopolymer with a free-radical generator. The mechanical properties of these materials were investigated; tensile strengths of up to 12 MPa and elongations of up to 2000% were observed. Inclusion of a filler (fumed silica) was used to enhance the performance of the elastomers without significant loss of elasticity, with some composites exhibiting tensile strengths nearly double that of the neat elastomer. Aqueous degradation studies indicated that the materials were capable of degradation in acidic and basic conditions at 60 °C. Moreover, these cross-linked elastomers can also be chemically recycled, yielding monomer in high purity and yield (>91% and 93%, respectively).