gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Automating Generation of Low Precision Deep Learning Operators (2018)

State of the art deep learning models have made steady progress in the fields of computer vision and natural language processing, at the expense of growing model sizes and computational complexity. Deploying these models on low power and mobile devices poses a challenge due to their limited compute capabilities and strict energy budgets. One solution that has generated significant research interest is deploying highly quantized models that operate on low precision inputs and weights less than eight bits, trading off accuracy for performance. These models have a significantly reduced memory footprint (up to 32x reduction) and can replace multiply-accumulates with bitwise operations during compute intensive convolution and fully connected layers. Most deep learning frameworks rely on highly engineered linear algebra libraries such as ATLAS or Intel's MKL to implement efficient deep learning operators. To date, none of the popular deep learning directly support low precision operators, partly due to a lack of optimized low precision libraries. In this paper we introduce a work flow to quickly generate high performance low precision deep learning operators for arbitrary precision that target multiple CPU architectures and include optimizations such as memory tiling and vectorization. We present an extensive case study on low power ARM Cortex-A53 CPU, and show how we can generate 1-bit, 2-bit convolutions with speedups up to 16x over an optimized 16-bit integer baseline and 2.3x better than handwritten implementations.
A new SIP event package for group membership management in advanced communications (2008)

In real life, we often care about the membership in groups but may only know the identity of the group, rather than its members. This paper proposes and describes a new SIP membership event package, which deals with dynamic groups of event-generating entities. We present the event package concepts and show its usefulness in several application examples. The package allows tracking changes in membership in groups. Groups can represent entities contained within a physical space, such as a room or vehicle, or a logical group of entities, such as a call center team. Each member of a group can support a different set of event packages. Tracking membership of entities with different event packages allows deriving presence information from these event packages.
<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>Immunoglobulin G Antibodies and Nonfatal Suicidal Self-Directed Violence (2012)

These results are consistent with previous reports on the association between T gondii infection and nonfatal suicidal self-directed violence. Confirming these results in future large longitudinal studies and including suicide as an outcome may lead to novel individualized approaches in suicide prevention.
Comprehensive Analysis and Measurement of Frequency-Tuned and Impedance-Tuned Wireless Non-Radiative Power-Transfer Systems (2014)

This paper theoretically and experimentally investigates frequency-tuned and impedance-tuned wireless non-radiative power-transfer (WNPT) systems. Closed-form expressions for the efficiencies of both types of systems are presented as functions of frequency and system (circuit) parameters. In the frequency-tuned system, the operating frequency is adjusted to compensate for changes in mutual inductance that occur for variations of transmitter and receiver loop positions. Frequency-tuning is employed for a range of distances over which the loops are strongly coupled. In contrast, the impedance-tuned system employs varactor-based matching networks to compensate for changes in mutual inductance, and to achieve a simultaneous conjugate impedance match over a range of distances. The frequency-tuned system is simpler to implement, while the impedance-tuned system is more complex, but can achieve higher efficiencies. Both of the experimental wireless non-radiative power-transfer systems studied employ resonant shielded loops as transmitting and receiving devices.
Baffle-free refractory dimer arsenic source for molecular-beam epitaxy (1988)

A refractory, two-zone, large-capacity, baffle-free arsenic cracking source for molecular-beam epitaxy is presented. The new features of this design include the use of a molybdenum tube to provide efficient cracking, a horizontal sublimator at a right-angle geometry to the cracking section, a baffle-free design, and the use of expanded tantalum heating filaments. High-efficiency cracking is obtained at cracking tube temperatures between 750 and 1050 °C. Bulk GaAs and GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures grown using this source exhibit good electrical and optical properties, with clear improvements in electrical behavior when compared to an As4 source. We believe this source design can be easily applied to other column V materials such as phosphorus and antimony.
A Whole Virion Vaccine for COVID-19 Produced via a Novel Inactivation Method and Preliminary Demonstration of Efficacy in an Animal Challenge Model (2021)

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated intense interest in the rapid development and evaluation of vaccine candidates for this disease and other emerging diseases. Several novel methods for preparing vaccine candidates are currently undergoing clinical evaluation in response to the urgent need to prevent the spread of COVID-19. In many cases, these methods rely on new approaches for vaccine production and immune stimulation. We report on the use of a novel method (SolaVAX) for production of an inactivated vaccine candidate and the testing of that candidate in a hamster animal model for its ability to prevent infection upon challenge with SARS-CoV-2 virus. The studies employed in this work included an evaluation of the levels of neutralizing antibody produced post-vaccination, levels of specific antibody sub-types to RBD and spike protein that were generated, evaluation of viral shedding post-challenge, flow cytometric and single cell sequencing data on cellular fractions and histopathological evaluation of tissues post-challenge. The results from this preliminary evaluation provide insight into the immunological responses occurring as a result of vaccination with the proposed vaccine candidate and the impact that adjuvant formulations, specifically developed to promote Th1 type immune responses, have on vaccine efficacy and protection against infection following challenge with live SARS-CoV-2. This data may have utility in the development of effective vaccine candidates broadly. Furthermore, the results of this preliminary evaluation suggest that preparation of a whole virion vaccine for COVID-19 using this specific photochemical method may have potential utility in the preparation of one such vaccine candidate.
Characterization of the Pore Structure and Surface Properties of Shale Using the Zeta Adsorption Isotherm Approach (2015)

The determination of the specific surface area and pore structure parameters of natural materials have been a long-standing issue. We propose a method for determining the specific surface area and pore size distribution that is based on the zeta adsorption isotherm and apply that method for each of two hydrocarbon vapors, octane and heptane, adsorbing on two types of shale, as-received and milled shale. We determined the specific surface areas of both materials, approximate the pores as cylindrical, and determine the average pore mouth radius. The standard deviation in the mean values of the specific surface areas and average pore radius determined with each of the two vapors is less than 3%. The experimental isotherms on the as-received shale indicate the existence of a pronounced adsorption–desorption hysteresis loop that results from the mesoporous structure of the material. We previously showed that liquid forms in the pores because of coalescence of molecular clusters inside the pores. In this study, we show that the pore emptying in the as-received shale is delayed because of the pore blocking effect. The zeta isotherm theory and the necessary conditions for thermodynamic equilibrium along with the measured amount adsorbed are used to determine the distribution in the pore mouth radii.
Photoacoustic Trace Detection of Methane Using Compact Solid-State Lasers (2000)

Methane was excited in the near-infrared (NIR) region using a pulsed grazing-incidence periodically poled lithium niobate optical parametric oscillator (OPO) and modulated diode laser radiation at 1650 nm as light sources and detected photoacoustically employing single tube and double tube acoustic resonators coupled with acoustic filters. The output power of the OPO was ∼60 mW at the acoustic resonance frequency of 2.12 kHz, and therefore much higher than that of the diode laser radiation with 2 mW. By combining the more powerful OPO with the more sensitive differential cell with two resonator tubes (sensitivity: αminW = 1.2 × 10-9 cm-1 W), an ultimate sensitivity of 20−30 parts per billion (ppbV) is estimated for methane detection with the signal beam of the OPO in the near-infrared and sub-ppbV sensitivity in the mid-infrared region with the idler beam.
SABER-Bupivacaine Reduces Postoperative Pain and Opioid Consumption After Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial (2022)

Compared with placebo, SABER-Bupivacaine reduced pain and opioid analgesic consumption over 72 hours after arthroscopic subacromial decompression and prolonged the time to first use of opioid rescue analgesia. No safety signals were noted during the immediate postoperative period or at 6-month follow-up.
Structural and kinetic differences between the M2 type pyruvate kinases from lung and various tumors. (1983)

The kinetic and structural properties of purified, homogeneous pyruvate kinase type M2 from chicken lung and tumors, including that from Rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken fibroblasts, have been compared. The "tumor enzyme" is characterized by a low affinity for phosphoenolpyruvate, pronounced serine activation, and strong alanine inhibition as compared to the "lung type". In contrast to the rat lung enzyme, which is not affected by serine, the chicken lung enzyme is slightly activated by serine. The serine metabolites phosphoserine and glycine do not activate the "tumor type M2 pyruvate kinase", but L-alpha-glycerophosphorylcholine and phosphatidylserine do slightly activate at physiological concentrations. Studies with substances structurally related to serine reveal that the hydroxyl group of serine is a prerequisite for the activation and that the amino and carboxyl groups determine the affinity of the "tumor type M2 pyruvate kinase" for serine. Two different fragmentation methods (CNBr-cleavage and V-8 proteolysis) and two different methods for separation of the resulting peptide fragments (polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focussing and SDS-polyacrylamide electrophoresis) indicated a high degree of homology between the type M2 pyruvate kinases from lung and tumors as well the type M1 from muscle. Each type of pyruvate kinase, however, contains one or two unique protein fragments which are characteristic for its type. We have termed those fragments L (lung), M (muscle), and T (tumor).
Patient-derived lung cancer organoids as in vitro cancer models for therapeutic screening (2019)

Lung cancer shows substantial genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity across individuals, driving a need for personalised medicine. Here, we report lung cancer organoids and normal bronchial organoids established from patient tissues comprising five histological subtypes of lung cancer and non-neoplastic bronchial mucosa as in vitro models representing individual patient. The lung cancer organoids recapitulate the tissue architecture of the primary lung tumours and maintain the genomic alterations of the original tumours during long-term expansion in vitro. The normal bronchial organoids maintain cellular components of normal bronchial mucosa. Lung cancer organoids respond to drugs based on their genomic alterations: a BRCA2-mutant organoid to olaparib, an EGFR-mutant organoid to erlotinib, and an EGFR-mutant/MET-amplified organoid to crizotinib. Considering the short length of time from organoid establishment to drug testing, our newly developed model may prove useful for predicting patient-specific drug responses through in vitro patient-specific drug trials.
Carbohydrate Metabolism of Vegetative and Reproductive Sinks in the Late-maturing Cultivar Encore (1998)

Activities of major sorbitol and sucrose metabolizing enzymes and carbohydrate contents were followed during the growth season of `Encore' peach fruits and developing shoot tips. In fruit flesh, sucrose synthase (SS) was present during stage I of growth, when cells are actively dividing, and NAD + -dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) during stage III, when cells enlarge actively. Acid invertase (AI) revealed the best correlation with relative growth rate (RGR) of fruits during the entire season. Activities of all carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes were not detectable in fruit flesh during seed filling and pit hardening, when RGR of fruits was the slowest. The highest content of sucrose was in concert with low levels of sucrose metabolizing enzyme activities toward the end of fruit development. In shoot tips, SDH had low activity at the beginning and end of the season when vegetative growth was slowest and a 2:1 sorbitol: sucrose ratio was present. Mid-growing season was, on the other hand, characterized by an increase in SDH activity and a 1:1 sorbitol: sucrose ratio. In `Nemaguard' seedlings, only SDH activity showed a positive correlation with shoot growth. Also, in root tips of `Nemaguard' seedlings SDH exhibited its highest activity, even higher than AI activity in the same roots. We concluded that in peach sucrose may represent the major carbon form used for fruit growth, while sorbitol seems to play a predominant role in vegetative growth.
Infectious and inflammatory stimuli decrease endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in vitro (2003)

The results of this study suggest a down-regulating effect of infectious and inflammatory stimuli on eNOS expression, both at the mRNA level and protein expression or stability and dimerization, enhanced by heme and iron shortage, and indicate eNOS as a possible link between infection and hypertension.
Lyric registers: from “Sun Cut Throat” to “Cadaster” (2009)

My conception of the universal is of a universal rich with the particular, rich with all particulars, the deepening and coexistence of all particulars.Aimé Césaire
Synthesis and reactivity of an Ir(I) carbonyl complex bearing a carbazolide-bis(NHC) pincer ligand (2015)

Abstract Synthesis of the new iridium NHC pincer complexes [Ir(bimca)(CO)] (3a) and [Ir(bimcaEt)(CO)] (3b) is realized by salt metathesis of in situ generated [Li(bimca)] (2) with Ir(I) carbonyl precursors. In the case of Vaskas complex [IrCl(CO)(PPh3)2] we isolated the Ir(III) hydrido complex (4). Reactivity studies of Ir complex 3a towards allyl halides show the ready formation of η1 coordinated allyl ligands at the Ir(III) center in all cases.
Use of the capacitance manometer gauge in vacuum freeze-drying. (1981)

This paper discusses the effect of pressure on the lyophilization, or vacuum freeze-drying. process, and the various types of vacuum gauges typically used for such pressure measurements. Location of the gauge on the process system, sterilization procedures, potential chemical contaminants, measurement dependence on gas composition, and other unique requirements of the freezedrying process on vacuum gauges are outlined. Of particular significance for freezedrying. the capacitance manometer gauge is discussed in greater detail, including theory of operation, construction, accuracy, and operation and calibration procedures. A comparison study is made of a capacitance manometer, a Hg McLeod gauge, and a thermocouple gauge on a commercial lyophilization system. When operated and calibrated properly, the capacitance manometer provides the accurate, repeatable pressure measurements that are prerequisite to successful lyophilization.
Current and emerging therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer: Applying research findings to clinical practice (2008)

Modern chemotherapeutic and monoclonal antibody regimens have improved survival in patients with meta-static colorectal cancer. The optimal combinations, timing, and sequence of agents remain to be determined.
ANALYSING ICA COMPONENTS BY INJECTING NOISE (2003)

Usually, noise is considered to be destructive. We present a new method that constructively injects noise to assess the reliability and the group structure of empirical ICA components. Simulations show that the true root-mean squared angle distances between the real sources and some source estimates can be approximated by our method. In a toy experiment, we see that we are also able to reveal the underlying group structure of extracted ICA components. Furthermore, an experiment with fetal ECG data demonstrates that our approach is useful for exploratory data analysis of real-world data. 1.
Cloning and expression of a 5HT7 receptor from Xenopus laevis. (1995)

A clone encoding a 5TH7 receptor, XM2, has been isolated from Xenopus laevis. The mRNA encoding XM2 is expressed in brain, liver, muscle, kidney, intestine and skin, but not in heart or lung. Co-expression of XM2 and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in Xenopus oocytes demonstrated coupling of the receptor and the channel via the protein kinase A pathway. A rank order of potency was obtained for serotonergic agonists of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) > or = 5-methoxytryptamine (5MeOxyT) > or = alpha-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine (alpha Me5HT) > 8-OH-DPAT, and for serotonergic antagonists of ritanserin > NAN190 > mesulergine not equal to pindolol. Thus, XM2 encodes a 5HT receptor with sequence homology to mammalian 5HT7 receptors, a similar intracellular signal transduction and receptor pharmacology, but a broader distribution in peripheral tissues.
Review of the Clinical Experiences of Feeding Infants Formula Containing the Human Milk Oligosaccharide 2′-Fucosyllactose (2018)

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are the third most abundant solid component in human milk after lactose and lipids. Preclinical research has demonstrated that HMOs and specifically 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) are more than a prebiotic and have multiple functions, including immune, gut, and cognition benefits. Previously, human milk has been the only source for significant levels of HMOs. The most abundant HMO in most mothers' breast milk is 2'-FL. Recently, 2'-FL has been synthesized and shown to be structurally identical to the 2'-FL found in human milk. 2'-FL HMO is now available in some commercial infant formulas. The purpose of this narrative review was to summarize the clinical experiences of feeding infant formula supplemented with the HMO, 2'-FL. Most of these studies investigated standard intact milk protein-based infant formulas containing 2'-FL, and one evaluated a partially hydrolyzed whey-based formula. Collectively, these clinical experiences demonstrated that 2'-FL being added to infant formula was safe, well-tolerated, and absorbed and excreted with similar efficiency to 2'-FL in human milk. Further, infants that were fed formula with 2'-FL had immune benefits, fewer parent-reported respiratory infections, and improved symptoms of formula intolerance. Ultimately, infant formula with 2'-FL supports immune and gut health and is closer compositionally and functionally to human milk.
The gingival vein as a minimally traumatic site for multiple blood sampling in guinea pigs and hamsters (2017)

Laboratory animals are still necessary in scientific investigation and vaccine testing, but while novel methodological approaches are not available for their replacement, the search for new, humane, easy, and painless methods is necessary to diminish their stress and pain. When multiple blood samples are to be collected from hamsters and guinea pigs, the number of available venipuncture sites-which are greatly diminished in these species in comparison with other rodents due to the absence of a long tail-, harasses animal caregivers and researchers. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate if gingival vein puncture could be used as an additional route to obtain multiple blood samples from anesthetized hamsters and guinea pigs in such a way that animal behavior, well-being or hematological parameters would not be altered. Thus, twelve anesthetized Syrian golden hamsters and English guinea pigs were randomly allocated in two groups: a control group, whose blood samples were not collected, and an experimental group in which blood samples (200 microliters) were collected by gingival vein puncture at weekly intervals over six weeks. Clinical assessment, body weight gain and complete blood cell count were evaluated weekly, and control and experimental animals were euthanized at week seven, when the mentolabial region was processed to histological analyses. Multiple blood sampling from the gingival vein evoked no clinical manifestations or alteration in the behavioral repertoire, nor a statistically significant difference in weight gain in both species. Guinea pigs showed no alteration in red blood cell, leukocyte or platelet parameters over time. Hamsters developed a characteristic pattern of age-related physiological changes, which were considered normal. Histological analyses showed no difference in morphological structures in the interdental gingiva, confirming that multiple blood sampling is barely traumatic. Thus, these results evidence that blood collection from multiple gingival vein puncture is minimally invasive and traumatic to hamsters and guinea pigs, and that it can be accomplished during at least six weeks.
Prognostic Factors and Nomograms to Predict Overall and Cancer-Specific Survival for Children with Wilms’ Tumor (2019)

Precise and convenient nomograms were developed for forecasting OS and CSS of children with WT. These nomograms were able to offer accurate and individualized prognosis and assisted clinicians in performing suitable therapy.
Aircraft antenna system analysis (1976)

Diffraction techniques in conjunction with classical geometrical optics methods have been used to analyse the elevation plane patterns of antennas mounted on different locations of an aircraft. The frame of the aircraft has been modelled using wedged and curved surfaces. Computed results have been compared with scaled-model measurements and are in very good agreement. Antenna locations examined are typical for communication and landing systems on an airframe.
1.0 &amp;#181;m CMOS process for highly stable tera-ohm polysilicon load 1Mb SRAM (1986)

An improved LOCOS and highly stable tera-ohm polysilicon load have been incorporated to fabricate 1Mb SRAM using 1.0 µm CMOS process. Main features of the process are as follows: *Double-polysilicon, double-metal process *Adoption of retrograde P-well *Low temperature planarization by using AsSG reflow and SOG coating *Low temperature processing (950°C max). With these technologies and processes, a 1Mb CMOS SRAM was successfully fabricated with a typical standby current of 5 µA and 6.4 ×11.6 µm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> cell size.
Automatic Role Recognition in Multiparty Conversations: An Approach Based on Turn Organization, Prosody, and Conditional Random Fields (2011)

Roles are a key aspect of social interactions, as they contribute to the overall predictability of social behavior (a necessary requirement to deal effectively with the people around us), and they result in stable, possibly machine-detectable behavioral patterns (a key condition for the application of machine intelligence technologies). This paper proposes an approach for the automatic recognition of roles in conversational broadcast data, in particular, news and talk shows. The approach makes use of behavioral evidence extracted from speaker turns and applies conditional random fields to infer the roles played by different individuals. The experiments are performed over a large amount of broadcast material (around 50 h), and the results show an accuracy higher than 85%.