gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Stable Fluorescent and Enzymatic Tagging of <i>Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens</i> to Analyze Host-Plant Infection and Colonization (2015)

Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA 110 (formerly named Bradyrhizobium japonicum) can fix dinitrogen when living as an endosymbiont in root nodules of soybean and some other legumes. Formation of a functional symbiosis relies on a defined developmental program mediated by controlled gene expression in both symbiotic partners. In contrast to other well-studied Rhizobium-legume model systems that have been thoroughly examined by means of genetically tagged strains, analysis of B. diazoefficiens host infection has been impaired due to the lack of suitable tagging systems. Here, we describe the construction of B. diazoefficiens strains constitutively expressing single-copy genes for fluorescent proteins (eBFP2, mTurquoise2, GFP+, sYFP2, mCherry, HcRed) and enzymes (GusA, LacZ). For stable inheritance, the constructs were recombined into the chromosome. Effectiveness and versatility of the tagged strains was demonstrated in plant infection assays. (i) The infection process was followed from root-hair attachment to colonization of nodule cells with epifluorescent microscopy. (ii) Monitoring mixed infections with two strains producing different fluorescent proteins allowed rapid analysis of nodule occupancy and revealed that the majority of nodules contained clonal populations. (iii) Microscopic analysis of nodules induced by fluorescent strains provided evidence for host-dependent control of B. diazoefficiens bacteroid morphology in nodules of Aeschynomene afraspera and Arachis hypogaea (peanut), as deduced from their altered morphology compared with bacteroids in soybean nodules.
Suramin Inhibits Growth Factor Binding and Proliferation by Urothelial Carcinoma Cell Cultures (1992)

Suramin is a polyanionic compound recently noted to inhibit growth factor action and proliferation of several types of neoplastic cells in vitro. Data from clinical trials show antineoplastic activity against some prostatic and adrenal cortical carcinomas. Suramin is excreted unmetabolized into the urine suggesting possible application in treatment of urothelial carcinoma and prompting us to examine the drug's effect on growth factor binding and cell proliferation by two urothelial carcinoma cell lines. Half-maximal inhibition of 125I-epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding to T24 and HT1376 cells was produced by suramin concentration of approximately 300 and 100 microM, respectively. The corresponding value for 125I-insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) binding was 60 microM for both cell lines. Inhibition of T24 and HT1376 growth was virtually complete at suramin concentrations in the range achievable clinically.
The IRO-DB approach: processing queries in federated database systems (2002)

As information may be spread over several distributed and heterogeneous databases (DBs) the expectation for integrated access to them in a comfortable way arises. IRO-DB (Interoperable Relational and Object-Oriented DBs) is a federated database system (DBS) that provides interoperability among multiple heterogeneous autonomous DBs. Despite participating in the federation, the different DBs may keep their autonomy: on the one hand to be able to run existing applications without changing them, and on the other hand because severe reasons may support the decision for distributed DBs. An overview of IRO-DB is given. The architecture and the schemata available in IRO-DB are described and a focus on the treatment of queries in IRO-DB is given. IRO-DB is supported partly by the European ESPRIT III program under project number 8629.
IMPROVED PORCINE RENAL PRESERVATION WITH A SIMPLE EXTRACELLULAR SOLUTION—PBS140 (1991)

In this prospective randomized trial a porcine model of renal autotransplantation was used to compare quality of preservation, as reflected by detailed analysis of posttransplant renal function, following 24-hr cold storage in phosphate-buffered sucrose (PBS140), hyperosmolar citrate (HOC), and University of Wisconsin (UW) preservation solutions. There were 6 deaths with primary nonfunction: 3 of 5 HOC, 2 of 5 UW, but only 1 of 5 PBS140. Analysis of the whole group and separate analysis of the survivors demonstrated significantly better renal function following preservation with PBS140 when compared with both HOC and UW, with a lower peak serum creatinine (P = 0.02) and improved loop of Henle function (P = 0.02). The animals in the PBS140 group also demonstrated a more rapid return to normal creatinine, higher GFR, improved tubular function, and higher effective renal plasma flow, with figures approaching statistical significance (P = 0.06-0.07). The proposal of UW as a universal storage medium prompted this study, and its results suggest the need for a clinical comparison of renal preservation using UW and PBS140 in a prospective randomized trial.
Functional Oligomers, Telechelics, and Graft and Star-Shaped Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether)s Prepared by Redistribution (1995)

No abstract.
Modulation of interleukin‐6 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 expression in human fibroblast‐like synoviocytes by functional ionotropic glutamate receptors (2007)

Our findings indicate that activation of NMDA and KA glutamate receptors on human synoviocytes may contribute to joint destruction by increasing IL-6 expression.
Induction of CD4+ T cell alloantigen-specific hyporesponsiveness by IL-10 and TGF-beta. (1999)

Induction and maintenance of Ag-specific tolerance are pivotal for immune homeostasis, prevention of autoimmune disorders, and the goal of transplantation. Recent studies suggest that certain cytokines, notably IL-10 and TGF-beta, may play a role in down-regulating immune functions. To further examine the role of cytokines in Ag-specific hyporesponsiveness, murine CD4+ T cells were exposed ex vivo to alloantigen-bearing stimulators in the presence of exogenous IL-10 and/or TGF-beta. Primary but not secondary alloantigen proliferative responses were inhibited by IL-10 alone. However, the combined addition of IL-10 + TGF-beta markedly induced alloantigen hyporesponsiveness in both primary and secondary MLR cultures. Alloantigen-specific hyporesponsiveness was observed also under conditions in which nominal Ag responses were intact. In adoptive transfer experiments, IL-10 + TGF-beta-treated CD4+ T cells, but not T cells treated with either cytokine alone, were markedly impaired in inducing graft-vs-host disease alloresponses to MHC class II disparate recipients. These data provide the first formal evidence that IL-10 and TGF-beta have at least an additive effect in inducing alloantigen-specific tolerance, and that in vitro cytokines can be exploited to suppress CD4+ T cell-mediated Ag-specific responses in vivo.
Extrudate Swell of High Density Polyethylenes in Slit (Flat) Dies (2016)

Abstract Extrudate swell of industrial-grade high-molecular mass high-density polyethylenes (HDPEs) in flat/slit dies is studied using both experiments and simulations. The experimental set-up consists of an optical micrometer to measure the extrudate dimensions and a pair of radiation heaters to control the extrudate temperature outside the die attached to the capillary rheometer. The simulation of extrudate swell phenomenon is carried out by using a well-known integral K-BKZ model. The effects of several rheological characteristics, die characteristics, and processing conditions on swell measurements are studied systematically, and the corresponding two-dimensional, steady-state numerical predictions are presented in this paper. This study includes the effects of polymer molecular characteristics, apparent shear rate, die geometrical characteristics (length to die gap (L/H) and width to die gap (W/H)), and distance from the die exit. It is found that the integral K-BKZ model predicts well both the width and thickness extrudate swells. Extrudate swell measurements demonstrate that the thickness swell is predominant in comparison with width swell.
Integrative and comparative genomic analyses identify clinically relevant pulmonary carcinoid groups and unveil the supra-carcinoids (2019)

The worldwide incidence of pulmonary carcinoids is increasing, but little is known about their molecular characteristics. Through machine learning and multi-omics factor analysis, we compare and contrast the genomic profiles of 116 pulmonary carcinoids (including 35 atypical), 75 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNEC), and 66 small-cell lung cancers. Here we report that the integrative analyses on 257 lung neuroendocrine neoplasms stratify atypical carcinoids into two prognostic groups with a 10-year overall survival of 88% and 27%, respectively. We identify therapeutically relevant molecular groups of pulmonary carcinoids, suggesting DLL3 and the immune system as candidate therapeutic targets; we confirm the value of OTP expression levels for the prognosis and diagnosis of these diseases, and we unveil the group of supra-carcinoids. This group comprises samples with carcinoid-like morphology yet the molecular and clinical features of the deadly LCNEC, further supporting the previously proposed molecular link between the low- and high-grade lung neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Quinoxalinediones selectively block quisqualate and kainate receptors and synaptic events in rat neocortex and hippocampus and frog spinal cord<i>in vitro</i> (1988)

1. Two quinozalinediones, FG9041 and FG9065, which had previously been shown to displace binding to the quisqualate receptor, were tested on rat neocortex and frog spinal cord in vitro against depolarizations induced by quisqualate, kainate and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). In both preparations effects of quisqualate were reduced the most and those of NMDA the least. 2. The near unitary slopes of the Schild plots were consistent with a competitive type of interaction. pA2 values for FG9041 were estimated to be 6.6, 6.1 and 5.1 in frog cord and 5.9, 5.3 and and about 4 in the rat neocortex for quisqualate, kainate and NMDA antagonism, respectively. FG9065 gave equivalent pA2 values of 6.2, 5.6 and 4.5. 3. At concentrations, which were without effect on depolarizations induced by NMDA, FG9041 and FG9065 reduced or blocked synaptically-evoked field potentials in hippocampal and neocortical slices superfused with normal magnesium-containing medium. Since these synaptic components are also insensitive to NMDA antagonists, these results are consistent with their mediation by postsynaptic receptors of the quisqualate (or kainate) type. 4. By contrast, quinoxalinediones had only limited effects on spontaneous epileptiform activity seen in both neocortical and hippocampal preparations when superfused with magnesium-free medium. These burst discharges were, however, abolished by NMDA antagonists. 5. In the frog spinal cord the early component of the dorsal root to ventral root reflexes was selectively reduced by FG9041 whereas NMDA antagonists reduced the longer latency components. 6. Our results suggest that the quinoxalinediones are likely to be useful pharmacological probes for elucidating the role of non-NMDA receptors in the vertebrate central nervous system.
Use of hydrogen bonds to control molecular aggregation. Self-assembly of three-dimensional networks with large chambers (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTUse of hydrogen bonds to control molecular aggregation. Self-assembly of three-dimensional networks with large chambersMichel Simard, Dan Su, and James D. WuestCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 12, 4696–4698Publication Date (Print):June 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 June 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00012a057https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00012a057research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3400Altmetric-Citations700LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
AT2R Gene Delivered by Condensed Polylysine Complexes Attenuates Lewis Lung Carcinoma after Intravenous Injection or Intratracheal Spray (2015)

Transfection efficiency and toxicity concerns remain a challenge for gene therapy. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) have been broadly investigated to improve the transfection of genetic material (e.g., pDNA and siRNA). Here, a synthetic CPP (polylysine, K9 peptide) was complexed with angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) plasmid DNA (pAT2R) and complexes were condensed using calcium chloride. The resulting complexes were small (∼150 nm) and showed high levels of gene expression in vitro and in vivo. This simple nonviral formulation approach showed negligible cytotoxicity in four different human cell lines (cervix, breast, kidney, and lung cell lines) and one mouse cell line (a lung cancer cell line). In addition, this K9-pDNA-Ca(2+) complex demonstrated cancer-targeted gene delivery when administered via intravenous injection or intratracheal spray. The transfection efficiency was evaluated in Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell lines cultured in vitro and in orthotopic cancer grafts in syngeneic mice. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that the complex effectively delivered pAT2R to the cancer cells, where it was expressed mainly in cancer cells along with bronchial epithelial cells. A single administration of these complexes markedly attenuated lung cancer growth, offering preclinical proof-of-concept for a novel nonviral gene delivery method exhibiting effective lung tumor gene therapy via either intravenous or intratracheal administration.
Prenatal Testosterone Exposure Permanently Masculinizes Anogenital Distance, Nipple Development, and Reproductive Tract Morphology in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats (2006)

In mammals, abnormal increases in fetal androgens disrupt normal development of the female phenotype. Due to the recent concern regarding environmental androgen-active chemicals, there is a need to identify sources of fetal androgen variation and sensitive developmental markers for androgenic activity in female rats. Anogenital distances (AGD), nipple retention, reproductive tract, and external genitalia are morphological parameters organized by prenatal androgens and are predictive of altered masculinized/defeminized phenotype in adult female mice and rats. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the natural prenatal androgen environment of rats including the magnitude of the intrauterine position (IUP) effect, (2) characterize the permanent effects of prenatal androgen exposure on female rats, and (3) determine the ability of AGD and areolas to predict these permanent androgenic alterations in female rats. Untreated male fetal rats had higher tissue testosterone (T) concentrations than females in the amniotic fluid, reproductive tract, gonad, and fetal body. The intrauterine position (IUP) of male and female fetuses did not affect T concentrations or AGD in male or female rats at gestational day (GD) 22. Female offspring exposed to 0, 1.5, and 2.5 mg/kg/day testosterone propionate (TP) on GDs 14-18 displayed increased AGD at postnatal day (PND) 2 and decreased nipples at PND 13 and as adults. TP-induced changes in neonatal AGD and infant areola number were reliable indicators of permanently altered adult phenotype in female rats. Further, females in the two high-dose groups displayed increased incidences of external genital malformations and the presence of prostatic tissue, not normally found in female rats.
Recombinant Leukocyte Interferon Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (1985)

We have investigated the efficacy of a relatively prolonged course of recombinant leukocyte interferon treatment in 14 chronic HBsAg-, HBeAg-, hepatitis B virus DNA- and DNA polymerase-positive carriers. alpha-Interferon was administered for 9 weeks. Six of 14 treated carriers have a sustained loss of HBeAg, hepatitis B virus DNA and DNA polymerase. Four subsequently lost HBsAg (28.5%). Elevated pretreatment SGPT concentrations, histologic chronic active hepatitis, an exacerbation of chronic hepatitis with an increase in SGPT concentrations in the last weeks of treatment and possibly recent onset of the carrier state was associated with complete inhibition of viral replication. None of 11 matched, untreated HBsAg-, HBeAg-, hepatitis B virus DNA- and DNA polymerase-positive carriers monitored during the same period lost HBsAg. The effect of recombinant leukocyte interferon may require an appropriate host-immune response. The efficacy of recombinant leukocyte interferon therapy is restricted, but it may be of benefit in a proportion of carriers, if these carriers can be precisely identified.
Performance Evaluation of a Real Time Video Surveillance System (2006)

This paper presents a thorough introduction to the real time video surveillance system which has been developed at Bosch Corporate Research considering robustness as the major design goal. A robust surveillance system should especially aim for a low number of false positives since surveillance guards might get distracted by too many alarms caused by, e.g., moving trees, rain, small camera motion, or varying illumination conditions. Since a missed security related event could cause a serious threat for an installation site, the before mentioned criterion is obviously not sufficient for designing a robust system and thus a low number of false negatives should simultaneously be achieved. Due to the fact that the false negative rate should ideally be equal to zero, the surveillance system should be able to cope with varying illumination conditions, low contrast and occlusion situations. Besides presenting the building blocks of our video surveillance system, the measures taken to achieve robustness is illustrated in this paper. Since our system is based on algorithms for video motion detection, which has been described e.g. in M. Mayer et al., (1996), the previous set of algorithms had to be extended to feature a complete video content analysis system. This transition from simple motion detection to video content analysis is also discussed in the following. In order to measure the performance of our system, quality measures calculated for various PETS sequences is presented.
Telecommunications and processing for military command and control: Meeting user needs in the twenty-first century (1984)

MILITARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS will have to change significantly in order to support future command and control concepts. Highly automated communications systems will be required which must be able to manage themselves at the network level, as well as the internetwork level, if the survivable architectures required by users are going to be developed. Emerging technology in packet switching, internetwork protocols, automated network management, and artificial intelligence will provide the foundations for building such systems. With these technologies, a military telecommunications and processing environment can be evolved that will readily support distributed and hence survivable command and control in the battlefield of the future.
Free articles and accounting for the timing effect (2016)

Various studies have attempted to assess the amount of free full text available on the web and recent work have suggested that we are close to the 50% mark for freely available articles (Archambault et al. 2013; Bjork et al. 2010; Jamali and Nabavi 2015). Our paper contributes to the literature by taking into account the timing issue by studying when the papers were made free
Synthesis and Biological evaluation of substituted 4-Phenyl -1,3-Thiazolederivatives as potential Anti-Inflammatory agents (2012)

Thiazole derivatives are the heterocyclic compounds with very important biological activities such as anti inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, It K inhibiting, PI3K inhibiting, NF-kb inhibiting activities etc. substituted 4-phenyl -1, 3- thiazole moiety was synthesised by cyclo condensation reaction between substituted benzoyl thiourea derivatives and ethylchloro acetate. These derivatives on hydrolysis produced the desired final compounds. Also energy minimization of proposed structure was done which gives the distance between different functional groups of basic moiety, which is identical to the reference compound. These compounds were screened for in vivo antiinflammatory activity by carrageen induced rat paw edema method.
Novel Folded Waveguide Resonator Filter Using Slot Technique (2008)

This letter presents a primary investigation into developing a compact and low-loss bandpass filter using novel folded-waveguide resonators with a footprint reduction. A slot coupling between adjacent resonators is introduced, which is characterized using full-wave electromagnetic simulations and verified experimentally. Two two-pole folded-waveguide resonator filters of this type have been designed, fabricated and tested. Simulation and measurement results are presented to validate the design and to show the advantages of this type of filter.
Size-dependent effective Young’s modulus of silicon nitride cantilevers (2009)

The effective Young’s modulus of silicon nitride cantilevers is determined for thicknesses in the range of 20–684 nm by measuring resonance frequencies from thermal noise spectra. A significant deviation from the bulk value is observed for cantilevers thinner than 150 nm. To explain the observations we have compared the thickness dependence of the effective Young’s modulus for the first and second flexural resonance mode and measured the static curvature profiles of the cantilevers. We conclude that surface stress cannot explain the observed behavior. A surface elasticity model fits the experimental data consistently.
Carbon nanotube microbolometers on suspended silicon nitride via vertical fabrication procedure (2014)

We report on carbon nanotube membrane microbolometers, operating uncooled in the near-infrared (IR) and mid-IR band, with speed of 10 ms and responsivity of several kV/W. The microbolometers were fabricated using a vertical process on a thin suspended silicon nitride film for thermal isolation. The measured detectivity was ∼5.5 × 106 cm Hz1/2 W−1 at 40 Hz. The broadband spectral responses measured at room temperature over the entire band of the IR illumination source are characteristic of bolometric response. These results are indicative of the potential of this platform for uncooled IR sensing and thermal imaging. The measured device noise indicated a relatively strong 1/f contribution, which is common of carbon nanotube devices operated in atmospheric conditions. The observed responses suggest, however, that oxygen adsorption/desorption reported by some researchers did not play a significant role in these devices.
Multi–Detector Row CT Coronary Angiography: Influence of Reconstruction Technique and Heart Rate on Image Quality (2006)

In multi-detector row CT coronary angiography, image quality depends on the choice of a suited reconstruction interval. In patients with high heart rates, the best image quality can be obtained with end-systolic and early-diastolic intervals; in patients with low heart rates, the best results are achieved with middiastolic intervals.