gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Solvothermal Synthesis of V−VI Binary and Ternary Hexagonal Platelets: The Oriented Attachment Mechanism (2008)

General synthesis of both binary and ternary V−VI based thermoelectric alloy hexagonal platelets was carried out for the first time in a unified system using a modified solvothermal method, which adopted convenient oxides as source materials and friendly ethylene glycol as both solvent and reducing agent. The structure and composition analysis reveal that the samples are pure phase with corresponding atomic ratios. Electron microscopy results indicate that the as-prepared products are uniform and highly crystallized. The formation process was studied in detail by observing time-dependent products, and it was found that the oriented attachment mechanism could be responsible for the growth of these hexagonal platelets, which exhibits intrinsic difference compared with the inferred seed-mediated growth mechanism in previous reports. The influence of pH value and polyvinyl pyrrolidone on the morphology of the products was investigated as well. This work may open up a new rationale on designing the solution synthesis of nanostructures for materials possessing similar intrinsic crystal symmetry.
Establishment of N-Acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) Analogue-Resistant Cell Lines as Improved Hosts for Sialic Acid Engineering Applications (2004)

Metabolic substrate-based sialic acid engineering techniques, where exogenously supplied N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) analogues are utilized by the sialic acid biosynthetic pathway, allow the cell surface to be endowed with novel physical and chemical properties and show promise for increasing the quality of recombinant glycoproteins. The in vitro toxicity of many ManNAc analogues, however, hinders the large-scale adoption of this technology. In this study, we used a selection strategy where cells were subjected to progressively higher levels of ManNAc analogues to establish novel cell lines that showed decreased sensitivity to analogue-induced in vitro toxicity. The decreased sensitivity to sugar analogue-induced apoptosis, demonstrated by the Annexin V-FITC detection method and DNA fragmentation assays, corresponded to increased sialic acid production in the resistant cell lines. The ManNAc analogue-resistant cell lines exhibited cross-resistance to apoptosis induced by staurosporine and an apoptosis-activating Fas antibody. We propose that the selection strategy employed to develop these novel cell lines, which serve as superior hosts for substrate-based sialic acid engineering applications, will generally apply to the development of host cell lines for biotechnology applications.
.beta.-Acylvinyl anion equivalents: preparation of 1-lithio-3-(tert-butyldimethylsiloxy)-1,3-cyclohexadiene and its reaction with electrophiles (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXT.beta.-Acylvinyl anion equivalents: preparation of 1-lithio-3-(tert-butyldimethylsiloxy)-1,3-cyclohexadiene and its reaction with electrophilesEdward Piers and Howard E. MortonCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 19, 3437–3439Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01333a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01333a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views125Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
ChemInform Abstract: A Water Soluble Tin Hydride Reagent. (1991)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Applying eye tracking as an alternative approach for activation of controls and functions in aircraft (2002)

Currently, controls in commercial aircraft flight decks are generally activated manually using a multitude of rotary knobs, levers, push-buttons, keyboards, etc. The complexity of modern flight decks and attempts in peak workload reduction drives research on alternative control technologies. Considerable research has been conducted by many agencies for the military regarding gaze tracking systems, speech recognizers, touch screens, gesture recognizers, lip recognizers, and other nonconventional controls. The application of such alternative strategies rather than manual activation of controls may improve human-machine interfaces in flight decks, and reduce the effort of interaction with systems when selecting the most situationally adapted control modality. The application of new control techniques may simplify operations in commercial flight decks by virtue of a reduction in the number of dedicated mechanical switches and control panels. This paper describes the development of a part task flight simulator that is currently under construction at the Center for Computer Aided Design at the University of Iowa. This simulator will be used to determine the merits of gaze based control activation combined with automatic speech recognition (ASR).
[Anti-hyperalgesic effect of one combination of morphine and gabapentin in neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury in rat]. (2008)

These findings are useful in determining the type of interaction that these drugs produce using this combination ratio in neuropathic pain.
There are SARS-CoV-2 carriers? (2020)

Currently, in areas affected by the virus, health workers use temperature monitoring and isolation for 14 days to prevent and control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection This measure is inadequate and will allow sars-CoV-2 carriers to spread the disease to others, further spreading the infection Carriers of SARS-CoV-2 have no symptoms but can spread the disease Therefore, temperature monitoring and isolation for 14 days are not enough for the prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 carriers Nucleic acid testing is also needed to take more effective measures as soon as possible Thus, the question, Are there SARS-CoV-2 carriers? If carriers exist, people with a strong bodily constitution can resist the effects of the virus and spontaneously eradicate SARS-CoV-2, and people with weak physiques get infected
Mechanical coupling limits the density and quality of self-organized carbon nanotube growth (2013)

Aligned carbon nanotube (CNT) structures are promising for many applications; however, as-grown CNT "forests" synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are typically low-density and mostly comprise tortuous defective CNTs. Here, we present evidence that the density and alignment of self-organized CNT growth is limited by mechanical coupling among CNTs in contact, in combination with their diameter-dependent growth rates. This study is enabled by comprehensive X-ray characterization of the spatially and temporally-varying internal morphology of CNT forests. Based on this data, we model the time evolution and diameter-dependent scaling of the ensuing mechanical forces on catalyst nanoparticles during CNT growth, which arise from the mismatch between the collective lengthening rate of the forest and the diameter-dependent growth rates of individual CNTs. In addition to enabling self-organization of CNTs into forests, time-varying forces between CNTs in contact dictate the hierarchical tortuous morphology of CNT forests, and may be sufficient to influence the structural quality of CNTs. These forces reach a maximum that is coincident with the maximum density observed in our growth process, and are proportional to CNT diameter. Therefore, we propose that improved manufacturing strategies for self-organized CNTs should consider both chemical and mechanical effects. This may be especially necessary to achieve high density CNT forests with low defect density, such as for improved thermal interfaces and high-permeability membranes.
Iterative demapping and decoding for multilevel modulation (2002)

Iterative decoding algorithms for spectrally efficient modulation have become a vital field of research in digital communications. We show how iterative demapping reduces the bit error rate in conventional communication systems applying multilevel modulation combined with simple channel coding. For this the soft demapping has to be modified in order to accept a priori information. The system can be regarded as a serially concatenated iterative decoding scheme whereby the inner decoder is replaced by the soft demapping device. A design rule based on mutual information to find the 'best' mapping is proposed. Numerical results are presented for 4-PAM and 16-QAM examples.
Immobilization of Pd on Nanosilica Dendrimer as SILC: Highly Active and Sustainable Cluster Catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction (2010)

Palladium acetate was noncovalently immobilized as a supported ionic liquid catalyst (SILC) in a nanosilica dendrimer, PAMDMAM, with the aid of an ionic liquid to form a cluster catalyst of palladium nanoparticles. The pseudo-homogeneous hetero­genized catalyst, Pd-nanoPAMDMAM-SILC, was effective for Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of ortho-substituted aryl bromides or aryl triflates without a ligand in 50% aqueous ethanol in air at room temperature. The catalyst could be re-used up to five times in 93% average yield after simple centrifugation. TON reached 176,000.
Permethrin resistance in the head louse Pediculus capitis from Israel (1995)

Head lice, Pediculus capitis, were collected from children aged 3-12 years in Maale Adumin, a town near Jerusalem, after reports of control failure with the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin. A total of 1516 children were examined: living lice and eggs were found on 12.1% of the children; or another 22.8% of the children only nits were found. Twice as many girls as boys (8.1% v 4%) were infested with lice and or nits. Head lice collected from infested children were exposed to permethrin impregnated filter-papers. Log time probit mortality (ltp) regression lines were calculated for mortality data and compared to ltp lines for a similar collection of head lice made in 1989. The regression lines for the two years were significantly different, with a 4-fold decrease in susceptibility at the LT50 level between 1989 and 1994. The slopes of the lines also suggested that the 1994 population was more heterogenous in its response to permethrin than the 1989 population. In contrast, a laboratory population of body lice (Pediculus humanus) tested with the same batch of permethrin-impregnated papers showed a slight but non-significant increase in susceptibility between 1989 and 1994. The results suggest that resistance to pyrethroids has developed rapidly among head lice since permethrin was introduced in 1991 as a pediculicide in Israel.
Bone segmentation applying rigid bone position and triple shadow check method based on RF data. (2011)

Noninvasive 3D reconstruction of a bone requires very accurate 2D navigated scans of bone. The use of brightness-mode ultrasound seems to be promising, if some 2D scans of bone are obtained in a fully automatic manner. This paper presents a rapid and fully automatic method for segmenting bone in a standard 2D ultrasound image (B-mode image). The algorithm focuses on segmenting bone in the B-mode image using RF data of the image. The article introduces the signal-processing scheme designed based on RF data to automatically segment bone in the B-mode image. The segmentation accuracy was assessed by performing various tests for this algorithm for various locations of the limbs of the human body. The algorithm was tested for 120 images taken at different locations of limbs of the human body. The sensitivity of these tests was calculated to be 0.99 and specificity was found to be 1. The suggested segmentation approach provides a reliable means of detecting bone in B-mode image.
A Mobile Air Pollution Monitoring Data Set (2018)

Air pollution was observed in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada using monitors installed in a mobile platform from November 2005 up to November 2016. The dataset is an aggregation of several project specific monitoring days, which attempted to quantify air pollution spatial variation under varying conditions or in specific regions. Pollutants observed included carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, total nitrogen oxides, ground-level ozone, particulate matter concentrations for size cuts of 10 µm, 2.5 µm and 1 µm, and sulfur dioxide. Observations were collected over 114 days, which occurred in varying seasons and months. During sampling, the mobile platform travelled at an average speed of 27 km/h. The samples were collected as one-minute integrated samples and are prepared as line-segments, which include an offset for instrument response time. Sampling occurred on major freeways, highways, arterial and residential roads. This dataset is shared in hopes of supporting research on how to best utilize air pollution observations obtained with mobile air pollution platforms, which is a growing technique in the field of urban air pollution monitoring. We conclude with limitations in the data capture technique and recommendations for future mobile monitoring studies.
Stark Phase Shift and Deflection in the Ultracold Atomic Interferometer (1992)

Phase shift and deflection of interference patterns induced by the static electric field are studied in an optically cooled 1s 3 metastable neon interferometer with Young's double-slit configuration.
Comparative annealing effect on bonded wafers in air and ultrahigh vacuum for microelectromechanical systems/microfluidics packaging (2010)

The fundamentals of room temperature bonding methods-surface activated bonding (SAB) and sequentially plasma-activated bonding (SPAB)-are reviewed with applications for packaging of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and microfluidic devices. The room temperature bonding strength of the silicon/silicon interface in the SAB and SPAB is as high as that of the hydrophilic bonding method, which requires annealing as high as 1000°C to achieve covalent bonding. After heating, voids are not observed and bonding strengths are not changed in the SAB. In the SPAB, interfacial voids are increased and decreased the bonding strength. Water rearrangement such as absorption and desorption across the bonded interface is found below 225°C. While voids are not significant up to 400°C, a considerable amount of thermal voids above 600°C is found due to viscous flow of oxides. Before heating, interfacial amorphous layers are observed both in the SAB (8.3 nm) and SPAB (4.8 nm), but after heating these disappear and enlarge in the SAB and SPAB, respectively. This enlarged amorphous layer is SiO2, which is due to the oxidation of silicon/silicon interface after sequential heating. The bonding strength, sealing, and chemical performances of the interfaces meet the requirements for MEMS and microfluidics applications.
Geomechanical Modeling to Resolve Velocity Anomalies and Image Distortions below Seafloor with Complex Topography (2009)

Seismic images below a seafloor with complex topography are always distorted due to (1) lateral velocity contrast between the water and sediments and (2) lateral velocity variations within shallow sediments caused by the variable water depth. Normally, co
[Prospective clinical research]. (2011)

近20年来，在国家综合国力迅速提升的带动下，在努力创建一流大学科理念的指导下，我国的耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学发展取得了令人瞩目的进步。新技术、新学术思想日新月异，国内外频繁的学术交流为我们拓展了广阔的发展空间，越来越多的同道们崭露头角，在国际主流大会上做有影响的专题发言，SCI收录论文的数量以及影响力也在逐年增加。壮大学科的自信心激励我们不断凝聚力量，发挥自身优势，取得新的进步。
Hemodilution and hypertension effects on cerebral hemorrhage in cerebral ischemia in rats. (1990)

We determined the effect of hemodilution and hypertension on cerebral hemorrhage and brain injury in 32 rats subjected to 180 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion and 120 minutes of reperfusion. We divided the rats into four groups. In the control group (n = 8) neither hematocrit nor blood pressure was manipulated during occlusion, in the hemodilution group (n = 8) 5% albumin was administered to maintain a hematocrit of 30% during occlusion, in the hypertension group (n = 8) mean arterial blood pressure was increased to 30 mm Hg above baseline during occlusion with phenylephrine, and in the hemodilution/hypertension group (n = 8) albumin and phenylephrine were employed simultaneously during occlusion. We assessed the amount of cerebral hemorrhage (as concentration of extravasated hemoglobin) spectrophotometrically and the extent of ischemic injury (as percentage of the hemisphere with deficient staining) histochemically using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride. Mean +/- SD hemoglobin concentration in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the occlusion in the hemodilution/hypertension group (71 +/- 14 micrograms/g brain tissue) was significantly (p less than 0.05) greater than that in the hemodilution and hypertension groups (25 +/- 5 and 29 +/- 7 micrograms/g, respectively), hemoglobin concentrations in these two groups were in turn significantly (p less than 0.05) greater than that in the control group (2 +/- 3 micrograms/g). Mean +/- SD percentage of the ipsilateral hemisphere with deficient staining was significantly (p less than 0.05) less in the hypertension and hemodilution hypertension groups (8 +/- 3% and 11 +/- 6%, respectively) than in the control and hemodilution groups (26 +/- 8% and 26 +/- 7%, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Polymer dispersed nematic liquid crystal for large area displays and light valves (1986)

A new electro-optical material based on nematic liquid crystal dispersed in a polymer matrix has recently been introduced by Fergason. This technology (termed NCAP, for nematic curvilinear aligned phase) is suitable for making very large area (thousands of square centimeter) light valves and displays. The device consists of micron size droplets of liquid crystal dispersed in and surrounded by a polymer film. Light passing through the film in the absence of an applied field is strongly forward scattered, giving a milky, translucent film. Application of an electric field across the liquid crystal/polymer film places the film in a highly transparent state. Pleochroic dyes may be employed in the system in order to achieve controllable light absorption as well as scattering. Microscopically, it is shown that the liquid-crystal director lies preferentially parallel to the polymer wall, leading to a bipolar-like configuration of the liquid-crystal directors within the droplet. The symmetry axes of the droplets are randomly oriented in the unpowered, scattering state, but align parallel to the field in the powered, transparent state. The electric field required to reorient a given droplet varies inversely with the diameter of that droplet, and it is shown that the macroscopic electro-optical properties of the film can be modeled if the distribution of liquid-crystal droplet sizes is known.
A New Strategy to Microporous Polymers: Knitting Rigid Aromatic Building Blocks by External Cross-Linker (2011)

A series of microporous polymers has been obtained via a low-cost versatile strategy, which involves "knitting" rigid aromatic building blocks, such as benzene, biphenyl, 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene, methylbenzene, chlorobenzene, and phenol using an external cross-linker. These materials are predominantly microporous and exhibit high surface areas. Moreover, different building blocks can generate materials with different pore structures, functional groups and application properties, which are significant: for materials design.
S/MAR-containing DNA nanoparticles promote persistent RPE gene expression and improvement in RPE65-associated LCA (2013)

Mutations in genes in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cause or contribute to debilitating ocular diseases, including Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA). Genetic therapies, particularly adeno-associated viruses (AAVs), are a popular choice for monogenic diseases; however, the limited payload capacity of AAVs combined with the large number of retinal disease genes exceeding that capacity make the development of alternative delivery methods critical. Here, we test the ability of compacted DNA nanoparticles (NPs) containing a plasmid with a scaffold matrix attachment region (S/MAR) and vitelliform macular dystrophy 2 (VMD2) promoter to target the RPE, drive long-term, tissue-specific gene expression and mediate proof-of-principle rescue in the rpe65(-/-) model of LCA. We show that the S/MAR-containing plasmid exhibited reporter gene expression levels several fold higher than plasmid or NPs without S/MARs. Importantly, this expression was highly persistent, lasting up to 2 years (last timepoint studied). We therefore selected this plasmid for testing in the rpe65(-/-) mouse model and observe that NP or plasmid VMD2-hRPE65-S/MAR led to structural and functional improvements in the LCA disease phenotype. These results indicate that the non-viral delivery of hRPE65 vectors can result in persistent, therapeutically efficacious gene expression in the RPE.
Multiple mechanisms for oxygen‐induced regulation of the Clara cell secretory protein gene (2003)

The Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP) imparts a protective effect to the lung during oxidant injury. However, exposure to supplemental oxygen, a common therapeutic modality for lung disease, represses the expression of CCSP in the adult mouse lung. We investigated the mechanisms of hyperoxia-induced repression of the mouse CCSP promoter. Deletion experiments in vivo and in vitro indicated that the hyperoxia-responsive elements are localized to the proximal -166 bp of the CCSP promoter. Electrophoretic mobility shift and supershift analyses demonstrated increased binding of c-Jun at the activator protein-1 site, increased binding of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) beta at the C/EBP sites, and decreased binding at the Nkx2.1 sites. Western analyses revealed that hyperoxia exposure induced an increase in the expression of the C/EBPbeta isoform liver-inhibiting protein (LIP) and an increase in cytoplasmic Nkx2.1. Cotransfection of LIP or c-Jun expression plasmids decreased the transcriptional activity of the proximal -166-bp CCSP promoter. These observations suggest that hyperoxia-induced repression of the CCSP gene is mediated, at least in part, at the level of transcription and that multiple mechanisms mediate this repression. Moreover, these novel observations may provide insights for generation of therapeutic interventions for the amelioration of oxidant-induced lung injury.