gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Social commerce in E-business: Challenges and guidelines for successful adoption (2013)

In recent years, social commerce which utilizes social and online media to aid E-commerce activities has gained major attention in E-business world. Social commerce is proven to affect the companies' business positively when integrated into existing E-business models. The rise of Web 2.0 technology and the boom of social networking sites also suggest the possibilities and potentials of adopting social commerce in E-business. This paper aims to explore the challenges associated with social commerce and strategies to have a successful adoption. Several related and well described frameworks, tips and guides have been studied to formulate a general guideline to increase the success rate of social commerce adoption in E-business. This paper serves as an overview to companies who are interested in adopting social commerce into their existing business.
Identifying the Best Machine Learning Algorithms for Brain Tumor Segmentation, Progression Assessment, and Overall Survival Prediction in the BRATS Challenge (2018)

Gliomas are the most common primary brain malignancies, with different degrees of aggressiveness, variable prognosis and various heterogeneous histologic sub-regions, i.e., peritumoral edematous/invaded tissue, necrotic core, active and non-enhancing core. This intrinsic heterogeneity is also portrayed in their radio-phenotype, as their sub-regions are depicted by varying intensity profiles disseminated across multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) scans, reflecting varying biological properties. Their heterogeneous shape, extent, and location are some of the factors that make these tumors difficult to resect, and in some cases inoperable. The amount of resected tumor is a factor also considered in longitudinal scans, when evaluating the apparent tumor for potential diagnosis of progression. Furthermore, there is mounting evidence that accurate segmentation of the various tumor sub-regions can offer the basis for quantitative image analysis towards prediction of patient overall survival. This study assesses the state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) methods used for brain tumor image analysis in mpMRI scans, during the last seven instances of the International Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) challenge, i.e., 2012-2018. Specifically, we focus on i) evaluating segmentations of the various glioma sub-regions in pre-operative mpMRI scans, ii) assessing potential tumor progression by virtue of longitudinal growth of tumor sub-regions, beyond use of the RECIST/RANO criteria, and iii) predicting the overall survival from pre-operative mpMRI scans of patients that underwent gross total resection. Finally, we investigate the challenge of identifying the best ML algorithms for each of these tasks, considering that apart from being diverse on each instance of the challenge, the multi-institutional mpMRI BraTS dataset has also been a continuously evolving/growing dataset.
Creating Consonant Strings (1982)

In Dave Silverman's list of abstemious words in the February 1972 Kickshaws, the most abstemious was CRWTH (pronounced 'crooth'). For those of you who don't know, an abstemious word is one without vowels.
Interplay between Endometriosis and Pregnancy in a Mouse Model (2015)

Pregnancy rate is reduced in this mouse model of endometriosis. Levels of IL-2 are increased in the peritoneal fluid of mice with endometriosis suggesting a role of this cytokine in infertility related to this disease. The size of endometriotic lesions is increased in pregnant mice; however pregnancy has a beneficial effect on lesions by decreasing cell proliferation and by increasing apoptosis, decidualization and necrosis.
Phase 2 Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Vicriviroc, a CCR5 Inhibitor, in HIV‐1–Infected, Treatment‐Experienced Patients: AIDS Clinical Trials Group 5211 (2007)

In HIV-1-infected, treatment-experienced patients, vicriviroc demonstrated potent virologic suppression through 24 weeks. The relationship of vicriviroc to malignancy is uncertain. Further development of vicriviroc in treatment-experienced patients is warranted.
Three-Year Study To Assess Human Enteric Viruses in Shellfish (2000)

The main pathogenic enteric viruses able to persist in the environment, such as hepatitis A virus (HAV), Norwalk-like virus (NLV), enterovirus (EV), rotavirus (RV), and astrovirus (AV), were detected by reverse transcription-PCR and hybridization in shellfish during a 3-year study. Oyster samples (n = 108), occasionally containing bacteria, were less frequently contaminated, showing positivity for AV (17%), NLV (23%), EV (19%), and RV (27%), whereas mussel samples, collected in areas routinely impacted by human sewage, were more highly contaminated: AV (50%), HAV (13%), NLV (35%), EV (45%), and RV (52%). Sequences obtained from HAV and NLV amplicons showed a great variety of strains, especially for NLV (strains close to Mexico, Snow Mountain Agent, or Norwalk virus). Viral contamination was mainly observed during winter months, although there were some seasonal differences among the viruses. This first study of virus detection over a fairly long period of time suggests that routine analysis of shellfish by a molecular technique is feasible.
Textile-Based Biomaterials for Surgical Applications (2001)

Textile-based biomaterials have the longest history in biomaterials. In ancient China and Egypt as far back as 2000 b.c., natural ﬁbers like linen, silk, bark, horsehair, and dried guts were used as suture materials for wound closure. The introduction of steel wire and synthetic ﬁbers like polypropylene, nylon, and polyester during and after World War II brought the ﬁrst revolution of medical textiles and greatly expanded the chemical composition of textile-based biomaterials beyond natural sources. Owing to their precisely controlled manufacturing processes and uniform and reproducible properties, these synthetic ﬁbrous biomaterials have received a great deal of attention from both surgeons and researchers. However, the basic textile structure has not kept up the pace of the development of materials.
Maintenance of primary tumor phenotype and genotype in glioblastoma stem cells (2011)

The clinicopathological heterogeneity of glioblastoma (GBM) and the various genetic and phenotypic subtypes in GBM stem cells (GSCs) are well described. However, the relationship between GSCs and the corresponding primary tumor from which they were isolated is poorly understood. We have established GSC-enriched neurosphere cultures from 15 newly diagnosed GBM specimens and examined the relationship between the histopathological and genomic features of GSC-derived orthotopic xenografts and those of the respective patient tumors. GSC-initiated xenografts recapitulate the distinctive cytological hallmarks and diverse histological variants associated with the corresponding patient GBM, including giant cell and gemistocytic GBM, and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)-like components. This indicates that GSCs generate tumors that preserve patient-specific disease phenotypes. The majority of GSC-derived intracerebral xenografts (11 of 15) demonstrated a highly invasive behavior crossing the midline, whereas the remainder formed discrete nodular and vascular masses. In some cases, GSC invasiveness correlated with preoperative MRI, but not with the status of PI3-kinase/Akt pathways or O(6)-methylguanine methyltransferase expression. Genome-wide screening by array comparative genomic hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that GSCs harbor unique genetic copy number aberrations. GSCs acquiring amplifications of the myc family genes represent only a minority of tumor cells within the original patient tumors. Thus, GSCs are a genetically distinct subpopulation of neoplastic cells within a GBM. These studies highlight the value of GSCs for preclinical modeling of clinically relevant, patient-specific GBM and, thus, pave the way for testing novel anti-GSC/GBM agents for personalized therapy.
GA based registration of temporal and multimodal occular fundus image pairs (2002)

This paper describes how a Genetic Algorithms (GA) based optimization method is used specifically to register two ocular fundus images having either temporal or multimodal difference. Ocular fundus images of the same eye are generally compared by ophthalmologists to find differences due to growth of abnormalities in retina for diagnosis, follow-up, and surgery purposes. Being relatively small size and having different geometrical settings, comparison between these image pairs cannot be properly done without a registration first. In this paper, registration task is viewed as an optimization problem to search for optimal values of transformation parameters relating the two images. A GA based technique is applied to the preprocessed, binarized fundus image pair to find the best transformation which gives the maximum fitness for matching. A new formulation of fitness function is proposed to reduce computation time of GA while maintaining the required accuracy. Since the registration algorithm performance depends heavily on how well the image pair was preprocessed to obtain good quality binary images, the preprocessing methods are also explained in the paper. Results show that there is no performance difference for the proposed method when applied to either the temporal or the multimodal fundus image pair. The maximum, minimum, and average registration distances in pixels between the proposed method and manual method are 4.27, 1.83, and 3.18 respectively for the entire data set of 512×512 image pairs. The computation time is at least three times less than the method based on similar technique presented by another work.
Two-step electron tunneling from confined electronic states in a nanoparticle (2009)

Sequential two-step electron tunneling from nanoparticles has been studied from a transport point of view. A steady-state balance equation for the partial electron currents is derived and solved to obtain the stationary level occupancy, which leads to the overall tunneling current as a function of the applied field. Our model explains the steplike features observed in high field tunneling experiments involving composite cathodes that incorporate electronic quantum-confinement regions. In order to assess the validity of our model and to show the apparition of the steplike features in field-emission experiments, we have used the usual diode configuration to obtain current-voltage characteristics from a composite cathode. The theoretical model presented in this paper shows qualitative agreement with the experimental data.
Automating gait generation (2001)

One of the most routine actions humans perform is walking. To date, however, an automated tool for generating human gait is not available. This paper addresses the gait generation problem through three modular components. We present ElevWalker, a new low-level gait generator based on sagittal elevation angles, which allows curved locomotion - walking along a curved path - to be created easily; ElevInterp, which uses a new inverse motion interpolation algorithm to handle uneven terrain locomotion; and MetaGait, a high-level control module which allows an animator to control a figure's walking simply by specifying a path. The synthesis of these components is an easy-to-use, real-time, fully automated animation tool suitable for off-line animation, virtual environments and simulation.
Joint Denoising and demosaicking of noisy CFA images based on inter-color correlation (2014)

Most digital cameras use a single sensor coupled with a Color Filter Array (CFA) to capture images, and apply demosaicking to interpolate the full color images. In reality, the CFA image is noisy, which causes problems in the demosaicking process. This paper proposes a Joint Denoising and Demo-saicking based on inter-Color correlation (JDDC) scheme. We propose a new framework that linearly combines an extracted luminance image and a low-passed RGB images to get a full color image. Given the noise in the extracted luminance image and the low-passed RGB images are non-stationary and partially correlated, we modify the classical Non-Local Means (NLM) filter to denoise the extracted luminance image and the low-passed RGB images before the combination. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme both objectively and subjectively.
Proteins of human urine. I. Concentration and analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis. (1979)

Journal Article Proteins of human urine. I. Concentration and analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Get access N G Anderson, N G Anderson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N L Anderson, N L Anderson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S L Tollaksen S L Tollaksen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 25, Issue 7, 1 July 1979, Pages 1199–1210, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/25.7.1199 Published: 01 July 1979
Joint Domain Alignment and Discriminative Feature Learning for Unsupervised Deep Domain Adaptation (2019)

Recently, considerable effort has been devoted to deep domain adaptation in computer vision and machine learning communities. However, most of existing work only concentrates on learning shared feature representation by minimizing the distribution discrepancy across different domains. Due to the fact that all the domain alignment approaches can only reduce, but not remove the domain shift, target domain samples distributed near the edge of the clusters, or far from their corresponding class centers are easily to be misclassified by the hyperplane learned from the source domain. To alleviate this issue, we propose to joint domain alignment and discriminative feature learning, which could benefit both domain alignment and final classification. Specifically, an instance-based discriminative feature learning method and a center-based discriminative feature learning method are proposed, both of which guarantee the domain invariant features with better intra-class compactness and inter-class separability. Extensive experiments show that learning the discriminative features in the shared feature space can significantly boost the performance of deep domain adaptation methods.
Integrated Responses of Plants to Stress (1991)

Journal Article Integrated Responses of Plants to Stress: A centralized system of physiological responses Get access F. Stuart Chapin, III F. Stuart Chapin, III Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar BioScience, Volume 41, Issue 1, January 1991, Pages 29–36, https://doi.org/10.2307/1311538 Published: 01 January 1991
Video query formulation (1995)

For developing advanced query formulation methods for general multimedia data, we describe the issues related to video data. We distinguish between the requirements for image retrieval and video retrieval by identifying queryable attributes unique to video data, namely audio, temporal structure, motion, and events. Our approach is based on visual query methods to describe predicates interactively while providing feedback that is as similar as possible to the video data. An initial prototype of our visual query system for video data is presented.
Computation of features of 2-D polycurve-encoded boundaries (2003)

Polycurve codes is the name of a line-drawing model for describing object boundaries and contour lines. It belongs to chain-coding families such as chain codes and generalized chain codes. Polycurve codes make possible the direct extraction and labeling of predefined high-level line and arc segments from irregular object boundaries. Several algorithms for computing features of the objects from polycurve-encoded boundaries are presented. Some geometric calculation such as inverse and intersection points of two polycurves are also considered. The algorithms use look-up tables indexed by segment labels so that only elementary operations such as addition and subtraction may be required.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Development of a novel low-temperature deposition machine using screw extrusion to fabricate poly(<scp>l</scp>-lactide-co-glycolide) acid scaffolds (2014)

Scaffolds are of great importance to the success of tissue engineering. Poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) acid is one of the most commonly used biopolymers. This study develops a novel low-temperature deposition machine using screw extrusion to fabricate poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) acid scaffolds. The screw extrusion process of poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) acid is analysed, and the relationship between flow rate and processing parameters is examined. This relationship provides guidelines for optimizing the processing parameters. The major components and design strategy of the fabrication system are introduced. Measures are proposed to control the leakage of materials, and optimal processing parameters are determined. The machine is also equipped with a double-screw extrusion nozzle system; preliminary results demonstrate its capacity to fabricate gradient scaffolds. Porous structure characterization using mercury porosimetry demonstrates that the fabrication system is able to fabricate poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) acid scaffolds that are both macroporous and microporous.
New low k a-SiC:H dielectric barrier for advanced interconnects (2006)

This paper presents a new a-SiC:H copper barrier deposited by PECVD using a precursor containing a phenyl group. Dielectric constant as low as 3.2 can be obtained by conserving phenyl cycles in the thin film. Material optimisation was performed in order to obtain both low k and Cu diffusion barrier behaviours. The optimized a-SiC:H was successfully integrated in a one metal level damascene interconnection as dielectric hard-mask and etch stop layers
Predicting Enhancer-Promoter Interaction from Genomic Sequence with Deep Neural Networks (2016)

Abstract In the human genome, distal enhancers are involved in regulating target genes through proxi-mal promoters by forming enhancer-promoter interactions. Although recently developed high-throughput experimental approaches have allowed us to recognize potential enhancer-promoter interactions genome-wide, it is still largely unclear to what extent the sequence-level information encoded in our genome help guide such interactions. Here we report a new computational method (named “SPEID”) using deep learning models to predict enhancer-promoter interactions based on sequence-based features only, when the locations of putative enhancers and promoters in a particular cell type are given. Our results across six different cell types demonstrate that SPEID is effective in predicting enhancer-promoter interactions as compared to state-of-the-art methods that only use information from a single cell type. As a proof-of-principle, we also applied SPEID to identify somatic non-coding mutations in melanoma samples that may have reduced enhancer-promoter interactions in tumor genomes. This work demonstrates that deep learning models can help reveal that sequence-based features alone are sufficient to reliably predict enhancer-promoter interactions genome-wide.
New Constructing Method developed and adopted for the Tohoku Joetsu Shinkansen (1983)

東北・上越新幹線は, オイルショック等の諸事清から, 着工以来11年を経て開業した。本稿は,積雪寒冷地での新幹線の高速走行を考慮した軌道, 基礎, けたの設計・施工, 長大橋りょうの架設方法の開発, 中スパン橋りょうの省力化工法の導入および開発, 急速施工法について述べた。
The Role of Immunomodulatory Receptors in the Pathogenesis of HIV Infection: A Therapeutic Opportunity for HIV Cure? (2020)

Immune activation is the hallmark of HIV infection and plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. In the context of suppressed HIV RNA replication by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), there remains immune activation which is associated to the HIV reservoirs. Persistent virus contributes to a sustained inflammatory environment promoting accumulation of "activated/exhausted" T cells with diminished effector function. These T cells show increased expression of immunomodulatory receptors including Programmed cell death protein (PD1), Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4 (CTLA4), Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3), T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing 3 (TIM3) among others. More importantly, recent reports had demonstrated that, HIV infected T cells express checkpoint receptors, contributing to their survival and promoting maintenance of the viral reservoir. Therapeutic strategies are focused on viral reservoir elimination and/or those to achieve sustained cART-free virologic remission. In this review, we will discuss the immunological basis and the latest advances of the use of checkpoint inhibitors to treat HIV infection.
[Analysis of 70 cases of primary liver carcinoma treated by pu tuo ointment and herbs]. (1990)

This paper deals with 70 cases of primary liver cancer treated by externally applying Pu Tuo plaster and internally taking oral Chinese herbal medicine. In term of the statistic, of all the cases applied the plaster, 96.7% has proved to be effective in alleviating the pain, 83.5% was remarkable. It has significantly improved the quality of the patients' later lifes. Applying Pu Tuo plaster with taking oral Chinese herbal medicine, the patients could survive longer. On average, after the treatment, the patient could live ten and half months, 44.8% of the II-stage liver cancer patients applied the plaster could live as long as one year, the longest one has been living more than 2 years and 8 months, he looks still well now. He has been working since 1987. In recent B-ultrasonic examination, the patient's primary focus disappeared, and alpha-fetoprotein test turned to be negative.
Using semantic contents and WordNet in image retrieval (1997)

Image retrievaf based on semantic contents involves extraction, modelling and indexing of content information.
Characterization and Expression of Four Proline-Rich Cell Wall Protein Genes in Arabidopsis Encoding Two Distinct Subsets of Multiple Domain Proteins (1999)

We have characterized the molecular organization and expression of four proline-rich protein genes from Arabidopsis (AtPRPs). These genes predict two classes of cell wall proteins based on DNA sequence identity, repetitive motifs, and domain organization. AtPRP1 and AtPRP3 encode proteins containing an N-terminal PRP-like domain followed by a C-terminal domain that is biased toward P, T, Y, and K. AtPRP2 and AtPRP4 represent a second, novel group of PRP genes that encode two-domain proteins containing a non-repetitive N-terminal domain followed by a PRP-like region rich in P, V, K, and C. Northern hybridization analysis indicated that AtPRP1 and AtPRP3 are exclusively expressed in roots, while transcripts encoding AtPRP2 and AtPRP4 were most abundant in aerial organs of the plant. Histochemical analyses of promoter/beta-glucuronidase fusions localized AtPRP3 expression to regions of the root containing root hairs. AtPRP2 and AtPRP4 expression was detected in expanding leaves, stems, flowers, and siliques. In addition, AtPRP4 expression was detected in stipules and during the early stages of lateral root formation. These studies support a model for involvement of PRPs in specifying cell-type-specific wall structures, and provide the basis for a genetic approach to dissect the function of PRPs during growth and development.
Coherent pulse generation with a GaAlAs laser by active modelocking (1979)

A c.w. GaAlAs laser is modelocked by gain modulation. 60 ps coherent pulses are obtained at a repetition frequency of 433 MHz.