gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A Role for Amyloid in Cell Aggregation and Biofilm Formation (2011)

Cell adhesion molecules in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans contain amyloid-forming sequences that are highly conserved. We have now used site-specific mutagenesis and specific peptide perturbants to explore amyloid-dependent activity in the Candida albicans adhesin Als5p. A V326N substitution in the amyloid-forming region conserved secondary structure and ligand binding, but abrogated formation of amyloid fibrils in soluble Als5p and reduced cell surface thioflavin T fluorescence. When displayed on the cell surface, Als5p with this substitution prevented formation of adhesion nanodomains and formation of large cellular aggregates and model biofilms. In addition, amyloid nanodomains were regulated by exogenous peptides. An amyloid-forming homologous peptide rescued aggregation and biofilm activity of Als5p(V326N) cells, and V326N substitution peptide inhibited aggregation and biofilm activity in Als5p(WT) cells. Therefore, specific site mutation, inhibition by anti-amyloid peturbants, and sequence-specificity of pro-amyloid and anti-amyloid peptides showed that amyloid formation is essential for nanodomain formation and activation.
Short-wavelength light beam in situ monitoring growth of InGaN/GaN green LEDs by MOCVD (2012)

In this paper, five-period InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition with 405-nm light beam in situ monitoring system. Based on the signal of 405-nm in situ monitoring system, the related information of growth rate, indium composition and interfacial quality of each InGaN/GaN QW were obtained, and thus, the growth conditions and structural parameters were optimized to grow high-quality InGaN/GaN green LED structure. Finally, a green LED with a wavelength of 509 nm was fabricated under the optimal parameters, which was also proved by ex situ characterization such as high-resolution X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, and electroluminescence. The results demonstrated that short-wavelength in situ monitoring system was a quick and non-destroyed tool to provide the growth information on InGaN/GaN, which would accelerate the research and development of GaN-based green LEDs.
Error Control for Reliable Multipoint Communication in ATM Networks (1994)

A new framework for support of reliable multipoint communication in ATM networks is presented. It is based on a new adaptation layer type, called the Reliable Multicast ATM Adaptation Layer (RMC-AAL), and on a new network element, called the Group Communication Server (GCS). A set of error control mechanisms tailored for multipoint communication are integrated into RMC-AAL and GCS. Error control is based on ARQ and FEC schemes, allowing to select the mechanism that is most suitable for the application requirements in a specific communication scenario. The functionality of adaptation layer and group communication server are described, a basic implementation architecture is presented, and results of a performance evaluation are given. 1
Recent developments and future challenges in immune checkpoint inhibitory cancer treatment (2015)

The main challenge for the near future will be to predict efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade and to predict and prevent immune-related adverse events. More research should be done in order to find potential biomarkers that predict treatment response and/or toxicity; the optimal administration route, dosage, and frequency; and possible combinations of therapies that have an added or synergetic effect.
Using two-dimensional subspaces gained by intersections to recognize three-dimensional objects (2002)

This paper presents a model-based object recognition system for three-dimensional objects with an automatic generation of the models. Due to the fact that these models are generated by algorithms and do not look like CAD models, the well-known restrictions of standard model-based object recognition systems do not apply to this method.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
An Image-Based System for Urban Navigation (2004)

We describe the prototype of a system intended to allow a userto navigate in an urban environment using a mobile telephone equipped wi th a camera. The system uses a database of views of building facades to det ermine the pose of a query view provided by the user. Our method is based o n a novel wide-baseline matching algorithm that can identify corres ponding building facades in two views despite significant changes of viewpoin t and lighting. We show that our system is capable of localising query views r eliably in a large part of Cambridge city centre.
TLR9 agonist lefitolimod to improve antitumor effect of checkpoint inhibitors in vivo. (2017)

e14625 Background: TLR9 agonists are potent activators of the immune system via induction of cellular and humoral responses. Preclinical and ongoing clinical studies support the use of TLR9 agonists for immunotherapeutic approaches. Lefitolimod/MGN1703 is a covalently-closed dumbbell-like immune surveillance reactivator (ISR) with a broad immunomodulatory potential. Due to promising data from a phase 2 trial (IMPACT) as maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy in mCRC patients lefitolimod is recently evaluated in a phase 3 trial in mCRC patients (IMPALA). Furthermore, lefitolimod is currently investigated in a phase 2 trial in SCLC patients (IMPULSE) and in a phase 1 / 2 trial in HIV patients (TEACH). Methods: It was shown that lefitolimod reduces tumor growth in several murine tumor models. Since the mode-of-action of lefitolimod starts upstream of the initiation points of checkpoint inhibitors like anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 a combinatory approach may result in an enhanced anti-tumor effect. Therefore, two syngeneic murine models were used – a colon carcinoma CT26 and a lymphoma A20 model – for evaluation of the anti-tumor effect in vivo. Results: In the CT26 model treatment with anti-PD-L1 (i.p.) had no effect on the tumor growth, whereas addition of lefitolimod (s.c.) to anti-PD-L1 led to an anti-tumor effect (tumor growth inhibition, TGI 48%) which consequently resulted in prolonged survival of the mice. This combinatory effect was even more pronounced in the A20 model where treatment with anti-PD-1 (i.p.) alone had a moderate anti-tumor effect which was vastly increased by the combination (TGI – anti-PD-1: 46%, anti-PD-1/lefitolimod 99%). Conclusions: In conclusion, we showed that lefitolimod, a member of dSLIM ® family of TLR9 agonists and an ISR, can enhance the limited anti-tumor effects of checkpoint inhibitors in pilot studies in murine colon carcinoma and lymphoma tumor models in vivo. These data show the promising potential for the combination with checkpoint inhibitors. Notably, a clinical trial in cooperation with MD Anderson evaluating the benefit of lefitolimod in combination with ipilimumab is currently ongoing.
Technology in compact and high recording density disk storage (1982)

A large capacity disk storage with a high areal density of 2.4 million bit/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> has been developed. The recording density was accomplished by using thin film media and low flying height head technologies. This paper explains the technical aspect of the disk storage.
Detection of <i>KRAS</i> mutations in colorectal cancer by high-resolution melting analysis (2009)

HRM analysis is a sensitive method of detecting KRAS mutation on FFPE tumour tissue to guide cetuximab treatment and is applicable to routine molecular diagnostic service. Utilisation of HRM to screen for mutations upfront economises the resource used in the sequencing reaction.
A general framework for the execution of heterogenous programs in workflow management systems (2002)

Application programs are a substantial asset of an organization. The introduction of workflow management technology must provide means and mechanisms to integrate existing application programs which are not aware of workflow management systems in the same seamless manner as newly written, workflow-aware applications. The paper presents a general approach for integrating workflow-unaware application programs into workflow management systems. Their concepts enable the integration of application programs which are implemented on top of heterogeneous operating systems or base services into our prototype workflow management system MOBILE. Furthermore, they support the execution of several transactional application programs within a single transaction controlled by the workflow management system.
DoA and Polarization Estimation for Arbitrary Array Configurations (2012)

In this paper, algorithms for joint high-resolution direction-of-arrival (DoA) and polarization estimation using real-world arrays with imperfections are proposed. Both azimuth and elevation angles are considered. Partially correlated and coherent signals may be handled as well. Unlike most of the work available in the open literature, we consider the case when polarization sensitive antenna arrays, which may be disposed on a conformal surface, may have unknown (but fixed) geometries, be composed of elements with individual beampatterns and be subject to cross-polarization as well as mounting platform effects. Herein, recent results on steering vector modeling from noise-corrupted array calibration measurements are employed. This allows for incorporating all nonidealities of an antenna array into the estimation algorithms in a general and convenient manner. The proposed estimators can be implemented using the fast Fourier transform or polynomial rooting techniques regardless of the array configuration. The stochastic Cramér-Rao lower bound for the estimation problem at hand is established using the results from array steering vector modeling as well. The proposed expression takes into account array nonidealities, making such a bound tight even for real-world arrays. Extensive simulation results are provided using several real-world antenna arrays. The proposed algorithms outperform conventional algorithms available in the literature and have a performance close to the stochastic Cramér-Rao lower bound.
ON THE ROAD. SAFETY UPGRADING OF HIGHWAY CURVES, PART 111 (1991)

The article discusses the publication, 'Cost-Effective Improvements for Safety Upgrading of Horizontal Curves,' and points out that the degree and length of curve superelevation transition, and pavement surface friction all play critical roles in curve safety and operation. It is noted that the proper formulation of superelevation and side friction counterbalances the centrifugal forces acting on the driver and vehicle within specified speeds of travel. Other superelevation aspects are discussed, and recommended design guidelines for new highway curves are tabulated. Economic and accident reduction information and guidance to planners and designers required to improve the safety and operation of existing curves provided by the study are noted. The need is noted for research to establish design criteria for geometric and traffic control designs that are sensitive to the human needs in adequately perceiving and safely tracking curves.
Human and Murine Very Small Embryonic-Like Cells Represent Multipotent Tissue Progenitors, In Vitro and In Vivo (2013)

The purpose of this study was to determine the lineage progression of human and murine very small embryonic-like (HuVSEL or MuVSEL) cells in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, HuVSEL and MuVSEL cells differentiated into cells of all three embryonic germ layers. HuVSEL cells produced robust mineralized tissue of human origin compared with controls in calvarial defects. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the HuVSEL cells gave rise to neurons, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts within the calvarial defects. MuVSEL cells were also able to differentiate into similar lineages. First round serial transplants of MuVSEL cells into irradiated osseous sites demonstrated that ∼60% of the cells maintained their VSEL cell phenotype while other cells differentiated into multiple tissues at 3 months. Secondary transplants did not identify donor VSEL cells, suggesting limited self renewal but did demonstrate VSEL cell derivatives in situ for up to 1 year. At no point were teratomas identified. These studies show that VSEL cells produce multiple cellular structures in vivo and in vitro and lay the foundation for future cell-based regenerative therapies for osseous, neural, and connective tissue disorders.
Lake-ian pragmatism and the path to engaged practice (2021)

Bob Lake’s writing traces a route from positivism to pragmatism, from market dominance to political possibility, from coercion to persuasion, and from consolatory escapism to engaged practice. His work inspires us to embark on an engaged practice that not only questions the worth of “spectator knowledge” but also reinstitutes the purpose of our everyday participation as members of the academic community. Lake is an anti-essentialist who finds the meaning of knowledge production in interhuman communication and collective engendering of communal values. This has led his work to constantly question the predetermined a priori worldviews, epistemologies, and ideological umbrellas that often occlude the actual realities that real social actors continue to reshape and reinvent. His incessant questioning is not born out of contrarian vanity. Rather, it encourages us to develop and practice habits of creative democracy in our everyday actions of love, care, and solidarity.
Supervisory intelligent control using a fuzzy logic hierarchy (1993)

A generic architecture for supervisory intelligent control based on fuzzy logic is presented. The structure consists of a multi-layer controller which incorporates a rule-based fuzzy logic controller for direct control at the lower level. Higher-level supervisory control is used for supervising the operation of the direct controller. Typical tasks of the supervisory controller are monitoring the process and the controller for determining the operating modes, assignment of initial conditions for the local controller, adaptation schemes, and fault detection and diagnosis. The controller structure is described, followed by its implementation on a real-time process to illustrate the performance and applicability, of the proposed structure.
Extension of the Honda-DRI “Safety Impact Methodology” (SIM) for the NHTSA Advanced Crash Avoidance Technology (ACAT) Program and Application to a Prototype Advanced Collision Mitigation Braking System (2009)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">The Advanced Crash Avoidance Technologies (ACAT) program initiated by the National Highway Safety Administration had two major objectives. These were to develop a standardized Safety Impact Methodology (SIM) tool to evaluate the effectiveness of advanced technologies in avoiding and mitigating specific types of vehicle crashes; and to develop and demonstrate objective tests that are used in the SIM to verify the safety impact of a real system. Honda and Dynamic Research Inc. (DRI) have been developing and applying such SIMs for several years and have a Cooperative Agreement with NHTSA to further develop a SIM that provides an estimate of full systems safety benefits at a national level. Objective tests that produce quantifiable, repeatable and reproducible results have been developed to ensure that the proposed safety problem countermeasure will meet full system performance specifications and that the results are directly linked to the safety needs and a sample of technology-relevant accidents being addressed. The objective tests, which are based on dynamic reconstructions of a sub-sample of the technology-relevant real accidents, include full-scale track tests with an expert driver using automatically guided soft targets (GSTs) of an automobile and a pedestrian, and driving simulator tests with a jury of typical drivers in order to include the effects of a sample of driver reactions to system warnings and interventions. Results from the objective tests were used to parameterize, calibrate and validate the SIM tool, which was then used to estimate US-level safety benefits. The SIM tool itself includes modules for automated reconstruction of conflict and crash scenarios; definition and sampling of technology-relevant crash types; dynamic simulation involving a human-vehicle-device-environmental model; and an overall safety effects estimator. An example application of the developed SIM tool and related objective tests is used to evaluate a Honda prototype Advanced Collision Mitigation Braking System (A-CMBS).</div>
The Importance of the Integration of Design Methods in Robust Engineering Design (2005)

Conceptual design is a very challenging and important stage of engineering design. Developing and selecting concepts of the future products implicitly determines its costs. In addition, the majority of product flaws are caused in the conceptual phase. In most cases they are detected late, during the production and use phases, and correcting them often demands
Semantic-head-driven generation (1990)

We present an algorithm for generating strings from logical form encodings that improves upon previous algorithms in that it places fewer restrictions on the class of grammars to which it is applicable. In particular, unlike a previous bottom-up generator, it allows use of semantically nonmonotonic grammars, yet unlike top-down methods, it also permits left-recursion. The enabling design feature of the algorithm is its implicit traversal of the analysis tree for the string being generated in a semantic-head-driven fashion.
Accretion disks in the cataclysmic variables (1976)

The general equations describing the time-independent structure of gaseous circumstellar disks in vertical hydrostatic equilibrium are derived. The possibility of turbulent instablilty and the resulting viscosity laws are discussed.
Low-power software for low-power people (2002)

We have been working towards portable terminals that interact with the user via speech synthesis, automatic speech recognition, and handwriting recognition. Our work includes the development of hardware platforms, operating system (OS) and application software; and the adaptation of signal processing algorithms to these systems. Although we will describe HoBo3, the hardware platform for this work, our primary interest will be in discussing software issues that are relevant to low-power portable computing. We compare a modern Unix implementation with the OS we use, "Plan9 from Bell Labs", and draw from this comparison a number of lessons relevant for the design of low-power software.
Aerodynamic Effects of Indy Car Components (2002)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">A generic, Indy-type, open-wheel, racecar model was tested in a low speed, fixed ground wind tunnel. The elevated ground plane method was selected for the road simulation since one of the objectives was to allow flow visualization under the car (and this is not possible with current rolling ground wind tunnel setups). Consequently, both the groundplane and the wind tunnel floor were transparent to facilitate the flow visualization under the vehicle. The aerodynamic loads were measured by a six-component balance, and an effort was made to quantify the partial contributions of the various vehicle components. The main trends and aerodynamic interactions measured with this setup appear to be similar to data measured in larger wind tunnels using rolling ground simulations. As expected, the two wings and the underbody vortex generators generated most of the aerodynamic downforce. The very small rear diffusers allowed by the new millennium regulations are less effective than before, and their contribution to vehicle downforce is quite small. In terms of the drag force, the main contributors are the four large wheels, the two wings and the body's downforce induced drag.</div>
Beyond Massive MIMO: The Potential of Data Transmission With Large Intelligent Surfaces (2018)

In this paper, we consider the potential of data transmission in a system with a massive number of radiating and sensing elements, thought of as a contiguous surface of electromagnetically active material. We refer to this as a large intelligent surface (LIS), which is a newly proposed concept and conceptually goes beyond contemporary massive MIMO technology. First, we consider capacities of single-antenna autonomous terminals communicating to the LIS where the entire surface is used as a receiving antenna array in a perfect line-of-sight propagation environment. Under the condition that the surface area is sufficiently large, the received signal after a matched-filtering operation can be closely approximated by a sinc-function-like intersymbol interference channel. Second, we analyze a normalized capacity measured per unit surface, for a fixed transmit power per volume unit with different terminal deployments. As terminal density increases, the limit of the normalized capacity [nats/s/Hz/volume-unit] achieved when wavelength λ approaches zero is equal to half of the transmit power per volume unit divided by the noise spatial power spectral density. Third, we show that the number of independent signal dimensions that can be harvested per meter deployed surface is 2/λ for one-dimensional terminal deployment, and π/λ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> per square meter for two- and three-dimensional terminal deployments. Finally, we consider implementations of the LIS in the form of a grid of conventional antenna elements, and show that the sampling lattice that minimizes the surface area and simultaneously obtains one independent signal dimension for every spent antenna is the hexagonal lattice.
Diketopyrrolopyrroles: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Optical Properties (2015)

First reported by Farnum as much as 40 years ago, diketopyrrolopyrroles (2,5‐dihydropyrrolo[4,3‐ c ]pyrrolo‐1,4‐diones) are currently one of the most widely used dyes, with applications that span high‐quality pigments, field‐effect transistors, bulk‐heterojunction solar cells, dye‐sensitized solar cells, and fluorescence imaging. Due to the breadth of their utility, there have been several focused reviews on this topic since 1988. Considering the growing importance of these dyes, this review describes the overall progress made in four decades in both synthesis and the elucidation of their reactivity, and offers a critical comparison of various methods reported in the literature. The relationship between their structure and optical properties is also reviewed in detail. The extension of diketopyrrolopyrroles' chromophore leads to a significant change in both linear and nonlinear optical properties. A very strong bathochromic shift in the absorption and an increase in the two‐photon absorption cross‐section are typical for these analogues. Straightforward synthesis combined with good stability and a near‐unity fluorescence quantum yield ensures that diketopyrrolopyrroles will continue to attract attention for years to come. The goal of this review is to systematize knowledge on these dyes, enabling their use in more real‐world applications.