gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inherently Robust Micromachined Gyroscopes With 2-DOF Sense-Mode Oscillator (2006)

Commercialization of reliable vibratory micromachined gyroscopes for high-volume applications has proven to be extremely challenging, primarily due to the high sensitivity of the dynamical system response to fabrication and environmental variations. This paper reports a novel micromachined gyroscope with two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) sense-mode oscillator that provides inherent robustness against structural parameter variations. The 2-DOF sense-mode oscillator provides a frequency response with two resonant peaks and a flat region between the peaks, instead of a single resonance peak as in conventional gyroscopes. The device is nominally operated in the flat region of the sense-mode response curve, where the amplitude and phase of the response are insensitive to parameter fluctuations. Furthermore, the sensitivity is improved by utilizing dynamical amplification of oscillations in the 2-DOF sense-mode oscillator. Thus, improved robustness to variations in temperature, damping, and structural parameters is achieved, solely by the mechanical system design. Prototype gyroscopes were fabricated using a bulk-micromachining process, and the performance and robustness of the devices have been experimentally evaluated. With a 25 V dc bias and 3 V ac drive signal resulting in 5.8 /spl mu/m drive-mode amplitude, the gyroscope exhibited a measured noise-floor of 0.64/spl deg//s//spl radic/Hz over 50 Hz bandwidth in atmospheric pressure. The sense-mode response in the flat operating region was also experimentally demonstrated to be inherently insensitive to pressure, temperature, and dc bias variations.
<title>Recent Progress In Acoustic Processing By Coherent Optical Techniques</title> (1982)

Real time coherent optical computation of the ambiguity function by a spatial integration architecture will be presented. The performances of acousto-optic Bragg cells and a space-variant linear phase shifter optical element will be examined. The results of real time processing of synthesized signals with noise will be shown.
Imidazoline Receptor Antisera-Selected (IRAS) cDNA: Cloning and Characterization (2000)

The imidazoline-1 receptor (IR1) is considered a novel target for drug discovery. Toward cloning an IR1, a truncated cDNA clone was isolated from a human hippocampal lambda gt11 cDNA expression library by relying on the selectivity of two antisera directed against candidate IR proteins. Amplification reactions were performed to extend the 5' and 3' ends of this cDNA, followed by end-to-end PCR and conventional cloning. The resultant 5131-basepair molecule, designated imidazoline receptor-antisera-selected (IRAS) cDNA, was shown to encode a 1504-amino acid protein (IRAS-1). No relation exists between the amino acid sequence of IRAS-1 and proteins known to bind imidazolines (e.g., it is not an alpha2-adrenoceptor or monoamine oxidase subtype). However, certain sequences within IRAS-1 are consistent with signaling motifs found in cytokine receptors, as previously suggested for an IR1. An acidic region in IRAS-1 having an amino acid sequence nearly identical to that of ryanodine receptors led to the demonstration that ruthenium red, a dye that binds the acidic region in ryanodine receptors, also stained IRAS-1 as a 167-kD band on SDS gels and inhibited radioligand binding of native I1 sites in untransfected PC-12 cells (a source of authentic I1 binding sites). Two epitope-selective antisera were also generated against IRAS-1, and both reacted with the same 167-kD band on Western blots. In a host-cell-specific manner, transfection of IRAS cDNA into Chinese hamster ovary cells led to high-affinity I1 binding sites by criteria of nanomolar affinity for moxonidine and rilmenidine. Thus, IRAS-1 is the first protein discovered with characteristics of an IR1.
Low‐Melting, Low‐Viscous, Hydrophobic Ionic Liquids: Aliphatic Quaternary Ammonium Salts with Perfluoroalkyltrifluoroborates (2004)

A novel class of low-melting, hydrophobic ionic liquids based on relatively small aliphatic quaternary ammonium cations ([R(1)R(2)R(3)NR](+), wherein R(1), R(2), R(3) = CH(3) or C(2)H(5), R = n-C(3)H(7), n-C(4)H(9), CH(2)CH(2)OCH(3)) and perfluoroalkyltrifluoroborate anions ([R(F)BF(3)](-), R(F) = CF(3), C(2)F(5), n-C(3)F(7), n-C(4)F(9)) have been prepared and characterized. The important physicochemical and electrochemical properties of these salts, including melting point, glass transition, viscosity, density, ionic conductivity, thermal and electrochemical stability, have been determined and comparatively studied with those based on the corresponding [BF(4)](-) and [(CF(3)SO(2))(2)N](-) salts. The influence of the structure variation in the quaternary ammonium cation and perfluoroalkyltrifluoroborate ([R(F)BF(3)](-)) anion on the above physicochemical properties is discussed. Most of these salts are liquids at 25 degrees C and exhibit low viscosities (58-210 cP at 25 degrees C) and moderate conductivities (1.1-3.8 mS cm(-1)). The electrochemical windows of these salts are much larger than those of the corresponding 1,3-dialkyimidazolium salts. Additionally, a number of [R(F)BF(3)](-) salts exhibit plastic crystal behavior.
Dual-Color Imaging of Magnesium/Calcium Ion Activities with Two-Photon Fluorescent Probes (2012)

We report two-photon probes (FMg1 and FMg2) that can selectively detect intracellular free Mg(2+) ([Mg(2+)](i)) in live cells and tissues by two-photon microscopy. Combined with BCaM, a two-photon probe for near-membrane Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](m)), FMg2 allows dual-color imaging of Mg(2+)/Ca(2+) activities in live cells and [Mg(2+)](i) /[Ca(2+)](m) distributions in live tissues at a depth of 100-200 μm.
Identification of Isoxsuprine Hydrochloride as a Neuroprotectant in Ischemic Stroke through Cell-Based High-Throughput Screening (2014)

Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability and treatment options are limited. A promising approach to accelerate the development of new therapeutics is the use of high-throughput screening of chemical libraries. Using a cell-based high-throughput oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model, we evaluated 1,200 small molecules for repurposed application in stroke therapy. Isoxsuprine hydrochloride was identified as a potent neuroprotective compound in primary neurons exposed to OGD. Isoxsuprine, a β2-adrenergic agonist and NR2B subtype-selective N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, demonstrated no loss of efficacy when administered up to an hour after reoxygenation in an in vitro stroke model. In an animal model of transient focal ischemia, isoxsuprine significantly reduced infarct volume compared to vehicle (137 ± 18 mm3 versus 279 ± 25 mm3, p < 0.001). Isoxsuprine, a peripheral vasodilator, was FDA approved for the treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency and peripheral vascular disease. Our demonstration of the significant and novel neuroprotective action of isoxsuprine hydrochloride in an in vivo stroke model and its history of human use suggest that isoxsuprine may be an ideal candidate for further investigation as a potential stroke therapeutic.
MissBiN: Visual Analysis of Missing Links in Bipartite Networks (2019)

The analysis of bipartite networks is critical in a variety of application domains, such as exploring entity co-occurrences in intelligence analysis and investigating gene expression in bio-informatics. One important task is missing link prediction, which infers the existence of unseen links based on currently observed ones. In this paper, we propose MissBiN that involves analysts in the loop for making sense of link prediction results. MissBiN combines a novel method for link prediction and an interactive visualization for examining and understanding the algorithm outputs. Further, we conducted quantitative experiments to assess the performance of the proposed link prediction algorithm and a case study to evaluate the overall effectiveness of MissBiN.
One-step aluminium-assisted crystallization of Ge epitaxy on Si by magnetron sputtering (2014)

In this work, one-step aluminium-assisted crystallization of Ge on Si is achieved via magnetron sputtering by applying an in-situ low temperature (50 °C to 150 °C) heat treatment in between Al and Ge depositions. The effect of heat treatment on film properties and the growth mechanism of Ge epitaxy on Si are studied via X-ray diffraction, Raman and transmission electron microscopy analyses. Compared with the conventional two-step process, the one-step aluminium-assisted crystallization requires much lower thermal budget and results in pure Ge epitaxial layer, which may be suitable for use as a virtual substrate for the fabrication of III-V solar cells.
Regiospecific hydrogenation of quinolines and indoles in the heterocyclic ring (1987)

Abstract Quinolines, indoles, acridine, and carbazole were hydrogenated using a large variety of heterogeneous catalysts in hydrocarbon solvents in an effort to achieve selective hydrogenation of the heterocyclic ring. When quinolines were hydrogenated using supported platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, or nickel metal catalysts in the presence of hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide, or carbon monoxide, there was exclusive hydrogenation of the heterocyclic ring to give only 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinolines. Use of iridium, rhenium, molybdenum(VI) oxide, tungsten(VI) oxide, chromium(III) oxide, iron(III) oxide, cobalt(II) oxide‐molybdenum(VI) oxide, or copper chromite catalysts also caused exclusive hydrogenation of the heterocyclic ring even without addition of sulfur Compounds or carbon monoxide. Hydrogenation of indoles using platinum, rhenium, or, in some cases, nickel catalysts (with or without sulfur Compounds) occurred exclusively in the heterocyclic ring to give indolines, but conversions were affected by indole‐indoline equilibria.
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of AKAP110, a Novel, Sperm-Specific Protein Kinase A-Anchoring Protein (1999)

Agents that increase intracellular cAMP are potent stimulators of sperm motility. Anchoring inhibitor peptides, designed to disrupt the interaction of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) with A kinase-anchoring proteins (AKAPs), are potent inhibitors of sperm motility. These data suggest that PKA anchoring is a key biochemical mechanism controlling motility. We now report the isolation, identification, cloning, and characterization of AKAP110, the predominant AKAP detected in sperm lysates. AKAP110 cDNA was isolated and sequenced from mouse, bovine, and human testis libraries. Using truncated mutants, the RII-binding domain was identified. Alignment of the RII-binding domain on AKAP110 to those from other AKAPs reveals that AKAPs contain eight functionally conserved positions within an amphipathic helix structure that are responsible for RII interaction. Northern analysis of eight different tissues detected AKAP110 only in the testis, and in situ hybridization analysis detected AKAP110 only in round spermatids, suggesting that AKAP110 is a protein found only in male germ cells. Sperm cells contain both RI, located primarily in the acrosomal region of the head, and RII, located exclusively in the tail, regulatory subunits of PKA. Immunocytochemical analysis detected AKAP110 in the acrosomal region of the sperm head and along the entire length of the principal piece. These data suggest that AKAP110 shares compartments with both RI and RII isoforms of PKA and may function as a regulator of both motility- and head-associated functions such as capacitation and the acrosome reaction.
Collaborative backup for self-interested hosts (2005)

Despite its importance, current approaches to backup are inadequate. Large-scale solutions require aggregation of substantial demand to justify the costs of managing a large, centralized repository. Small-scale solutions require significant administrative effort by the end user. This dissertation presents <italic>Pastiche</italic>, a low-cost, convenient backup service. Pastiche exploits excess disk capacity to create a peer-to-peer storage collective on independent, untrusted, and self-interested hosts. Costs and inconvenience are kept low by taking advantage of the excess storage capacity provided by individual contributors and through self-organization distributed components. Because hosts can come and go without warning, data is replicated at multiple hosts, called backup buddies. To reduce the cost of replication, users try to identify hosts that already have most of their data so that they only have to send what it is unique to them. This reduces the global storage burden and bandwidth overhead. A study of workstations in the EECS department revealed that for common installations, nodes can expect to find sufficient number of buddies with between 30% and 70% common data. Because hosts are self-interested, Pastiche is vulnerable to free-loading. If not kept in check, free-loading can collapse the collective. We explore three strategies for eliminating free-loading in Pastiche: bilateral-equal exchange, storage claims, and cyclic exchange. To begin, storage must be allocated through <italic>bilateral, equal exchange</italic> between hosts. If A stores data on <italic>B, B</italic> stores an equal amount on <italic>A. A</italic> can periodically query <italic> B</italic> to ensure that its data is honored, and vice-versa. If either fails a query, its data is dropped in retaliation. Unfortunately, bilateral, equal exchange overconstrains storage allocation because it requires a double coincidence of wants between hosts. To enable more flexible allocation, nodes can use <italic>storage claims</italic>---uncompressible, storage placeholders. Claims are traded for actual data and can be used as a store of value for future exchanges through overwriting and forwarding. To provide greater data reliability, we can use <italic>cyclic exchange </italic>. Cyclic exchange provides flexible, fair, and sustainable storage allocation with low network and storage overhead. In cyclic exchange, nodes construct a distributed <italic>demand graph</italic> based on their preferred storage sites.
Novel amino-substituted 3-quinolinecarboxylic acid antibacterial agents: synthesis and structure-activity relationships (1984)

A series of novel 3-quinolinecarboxylic acid derivatives have been prepared and their antibacterial activity evaluated. These derivatives are characterized by fluorine attached to the 6-position and substituted amino groups appended to the 1- and 7-positions. Structure-activity relationship studies indicate that antibacterial potency is greatest when the 1-substituent is methylamino and the 7-substituent is either 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl, 16, or 1-piperazinyl, 21. Derivatives 16 and 21, the 1-methylamino analogues of pefloxacin and norfloxacin, respectively, show comparable in vitro and in vivo antibacterial potency to these two known agents. The activity (vs. Escherichia coli Vogel) of 16 (amifloxacin) is the following: in vitro MIC (microgram/mL) = 0.25; in vivo (mice) PD50 (mg/kg) = 1.0 (po), 0.6 (sc).
Engineering virus resistance using a modified potato gene (2011)

Natural mutations in translation initiation factor eIF4E confer resistance to potyviruses in many plant species. Potato is a staple food crop plagued by several potyviruses, yet to date no known eIF4E-mediated resistance genes have been identified. In this study, we demonstrate that transgenic expression of the pvr1(2) gene from pepper confers resistance to Potato virus Y (PVY) in potato. We then use this information to convert the susceptible potato ortholog of this allele into a de novo allele for resistance to PVY using site-directed mutagenesis. Potato plants overexpressing the mutated potato allele are resistant to virus infection. Resistant lines expressed high levels of eIF4E mRNA and protein. The resistant plants showed growth similar to untransformed controls and produced phenotypically similar tubers. This technique disrupts a key step in the viral infection process and may potentially be used to engineer virus resistance in a number of economically important plant-viral pathosystems. Furthermore, the general public may be more amenable to the 'intragenic' nature of this approach because the transferred coding region is modified from a gene in the target crop rather than from a distant species.
Past, Present, and Possible Future Applications of Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology (1996)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPast, Present, and Possible Future Applications of Supercritical Fluid Extraction TechnologyCindy L. Phelps , Neil G. Smart , and C. M. Wai View Author Information Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843Cite this: J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 12, 1163Publication Date (Web):December 1, 1996Publication History Received3 August 2009Published online1 December 1996Published inissue 1 December 1996https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ed073p1163https://doi.org/10.1021/ed073p1163research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1680Altmetric-Citations120LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Extraction,Fluids,Oxides,Solvents,Supercritical fluids Get e-Alerts
Addition of a Missense Mutation Present in the L Gene of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)<i>cpts</i>530/1030 to RSV Vaccine Candidate<i>cpts</i>248/404 Increases Its Attenuation and Temperature Sensitivity (1999)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cpts530/1030 is an attenuated, temperature-sensitive subgroup A vaccine candidate derived previously from cold-passaged RSV (cpRSV) by two sequential rounds of chemical mutagenesis and biological selection. Here, cpts530/1030 was shown to be highly attenuated in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of seronegative chimpanzees. However, evaluation in seropositive children showed that it retains sufficient replicative capacity and virulence to preclude its direct use as a live attenuated vaccine. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the genome of cpts530/1030 showed that it had acquired two nucleotide substitutions (compared to its cpts530 parent), both of which were in the L gene: a silent mutation at nucleotide position 8821 (amino acid 108) and a missense mutation at nucleotide position 12458 resulting in a tyrosine-to-asparagine change at amino acid 1321, herein referred to as the 1030 mutation. It also contained the previously identified 530 missense mutation at nucleotide 10060 in the L gene. The genetic basis of attenuation of cpts530/1030 was defined by the introduction of the 530 and 1030 mutations into a cDNA clone of cpRSV, from which recombinant RSV was derived and analyzed to determine the contribution of each mutation to the temperature sensitivity (ts) and attenuation (att) phenotypes of cpts530/1030. The 530 mutation, derived from cpts530, was previously shown to be responsible for the ts and att phenotypes of that virus. In the present study, the 1030 mutation was shown to be responsible for the increased temperature sensitivity of cpts530/1030. In addition, the 1030 mutation was shown to be responsible for the increased level of attenuation of cpts530/1030 in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of mice. The 530 and 1030 mutations were additive in their effects on the ts and att phenotypes. It was possible to introduce the 1030 mutation, but not the 530 mutation, into an attenuated vaccine candidate with residual reactogenicity in very young infants, namely, cpts248/404, by use of reverse genetics. The inability to introduce the 530 mutation into the cpts248/404 virus was shown to be due to its incompatibility with the 248 missense mutation at the level of L protein function. The resulting rA2cp248/404/1030 mutant virus was more temperature sensitive and more attenuated than the cpts248/404 parent virus, making it a promising new RSV vaccine candidate created by use of reverse genetics to improve upon an existing vaccine virus.
Making Submicron CoSi2 Structures On Silicon Substrates (1989)

Experimetnal fabrication process makes submicron-sized structures of single-crystal metallic CoSi2 on silicon substrates. Amorphous Co:Si(1:2) crystallized by electron beam becoming single-crystal CoSi2. Remaining amorphous Co:Si then preferentially etched away. When fully developed, process used to make fine wires or dots exhibiting quantum confinement of charge carriers.
A multi-standard SDR base band platform (2004)

Software Defined Radio (SDR) is a rapidly evolving technology that will bring enormous benefits to the providers and consumers of wireless services. A multi-standard SDR base band platform for base station is proposed in the paper. The platform consists of reconfigurable and reprogrammable hardware platform which provide different standards with a common platform, the SDR software framework which control and manage the whole systems, and the protocol processing software modules which is built on reusable protocol libraries. Based on the platform, the multi-stand base station is easily developed.
The Role of Flexibility in the Rational Design of Modularly Assembled Ligands Targeting the RNAs that Cause the Myotonic Dystrophies (2010)

Modularly assembled ligands were designed to target the RNAs that cause two currently untreatable neuromuscular disorders, myotonic dystrophy types 1 (DM1) and 2 (DM2). DM1 is caused by an expanded repeating sequence of CUG, and DM2 is caused by expanded CCUG repeats. Both are present in noncoding regions and fold into hairpins with either repeating 1x1 nucleotide UU (DM1) or 2x2 nucleotide 5'-CU/3'-UC (DM2) internal loops separated by two GC pairs. The repeats are toxic because they sequester the RNA splicing regulator muscleblind-like 1 protein (MBNL1). Rational design of ligands targeting these RNAs was enabled by a database of RNA motif-ligand partners compiled by using two-dimensional combinatorial screening (2DCS). One 2DCS study found that the 6''-azido-kanamycin A module binds internal loops similar to those found in DM1 and DM2. In order to further enhance affinity and specificity, the ligand was assembled on a peptoid backbone to precisely control valency and the distance between ligand modules. Designed compounds are more potent and specific binders to the toxic RNAs than MBNL1 and inhibit the formation of the RNA-protein complexes with nanomolar IC(50) values. This study shows that three important factors govern potent inhibition: 1) the surface area sequestered by the assembled ligands; 2) the spacing between ligand modules since a longer distance is required to target DM2 RNAs than DM1 RNAs; and 3) flexibility in the modular assembly scaffold used to display the RNA-binding module. These results have impacts on the general design of assembled ligands targeting RNAs present in genomic sequence.