gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Complex-type biantennary N-glycans of recombinant human transferrin from Trichoplusia ni insect cells expressing mammalian beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase and beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase II (2002)

A novel recombinant baculovirus expression vector was used to produce His-tagged human transferrin in a transformed insect cell line (Tn5beta4GalT) that constitutively expresses a mammalian beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase. This virus encoded the His-tagged human transferrin protein in conventional fashion under the control of the very late polyhedrin promoter. In addition, to enhance the synthesis of galactosylated biantennary N-glycans, this virus encoded human beta-1,2- N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase II under the control of an immediate-early (ie1) promoter. Detailed analyses by MALDI-TOF MS, exoglycosidase digestion, and two-dimensional HPLC revealed that the N-glycans on the purified recombinant human transferrin produced by this virus-host system included four different fully galactosylated, biantennary, complex-type glycans. Thus, this study describes a novel baculovirus-host system, which can be used to produce a recombinant glycoprotein with fully galactosylated, biantennary N-glycans.
Celebrating Soft Matter’s 10th Anniversary: Monitoring colloidal growth with holographic microscopy (2014)

Holographic video microscopy offers valuable and previously unavailable insights into the progress of colloidal synthesis by providing measurements of the size and refractive index of individual colloidal particles in the dispersion. These measurements are precise enough to track subtle changes in particles' properties and rapid enough for real-time process control. We demonstrate this technique by applying it to the synthesis of monodisperse samples of crosslinked polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) spheres. The measured time dependence of these spheres' most probable radius is consistent with the LaMer model for colloidal growth. The joint distribution of size and refractive index, however, also reveals a small proportion of undersize, lower-density spheres. Trends in the distribution's time evolution offer insights into their origin. Applied over longer time periods, holographic characterization also tracks how the newly-synthesized spheres age, and illuminates the aging mechanism.
Catalytic Specificity of Human Protein Tyrosine Kinases Revealed by Peptide Substrate Profiling (2011)

Out of the 90 human protein tyrosine kinases, 81 were assayed with short peptides derived from well-characterized [CDK1(Tyr15), IRS1(Tyr983), and JAK1(Tyr1023)] or generic [polyGlu:Tyr(4:1) and poly-Glu:Ala:Tyr(1:1:1)] substrates. As expected, the CDK1 peptide is a substrate for all Src family kinases. On the other hand, some of the activities are novel and lead to a better understanding of the function of certain kinases. Specifically, the CDK1 peptide is a substrate for many of the Eph family members. Interestingly, profiling of nearly all the human protein tyrosine kinases revealed a distinct pattern of selectivity towards the CDK1 and IRS1 peptides.
Whole-Genome SNP Association in the Horse: Identification of a Deletion in Myosin Va Responsible for Lavender Foal Syndrome (2010)

Lavender Foal Syndrome (LFS) is a lethal inherited disease of horses with a suspected autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. LFS has been primarily diagnosed in a subgroup of the Arabian breed, the Egyptian Arabian horse. The condition is characterized by multiple neurological abnormalities and a dilute coat color. Candidate genes based on comparative phenotypes in mice and humans include the ras-associated protein RAB27a (RAB27A) and myosin Va (MYO5A). Here we report mapping of the locus responsible for LFS using a small set of 36 horses segregating for LFS. These horses were genotyped using a newly available single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip containing 56,402 discriminatory elements. The whole genome scan identified an associated region containing these two functional candidate genes. Exon sequencing of the MYO5A gene from an affected foal revealed a single base deletion in exon 30 that changes the reading frame and introduces a premature stop codon. A PCR-based Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was designed and used to investigate the frequency of the mutant gene. All affected horses tested were homozygous for this mutation. Heterozygous carriers were detected in high frequency in families segregating for this trait, and the frequency of carriers in unrelated Egyptian Arabians was 10.3%. The mapping and discovery of the LFS mutation represents the first successful use of whole-genome SNP scanning in the horse for any trait. The RFLP assay can be used to assist breeders in avoiding carrier-to-carrier matings and thus in preventing the birth of affected foals.
Gallic acid is partially responsible for the antiangiogenic activities ofRubus leaf extract (2006)

An aqueous extract of leaves from Rubus suavissimus S. Lee (Rosaceae) or sweet leaf tea was tested for antiangiogenic activity in a human tissue-based fibrin-thrombin clot angiogenesis assay. Further fractionation of this crude extract was performed and the antiangiogenic effect of individual fractions was assessed. The extract was also tested for its oral bioavailability by using the serum of normal rats gavaged with the extract in the assay. At a 0.1% w/v concentration, the extract inhibited initiation of the angiogenic response and subsequent neovessel growth from samples that had already initiated an angiogenic response. Two subfractions of the extract showed significant inhibition of angiogenesis at 0.1% w/w. Gallic acid was elucidated as one of the active angiogenesis inhibitors in one fraction. A 1 mm concentration of gallic acid totally inhibited angiogenesis. In the form of leaf extract, a one-tenth concentration produced the same total inhibition as pure gallic acid. The 10-fold difference in potency suggests the presence of other active compounds contributing to the overall antiangiogenic effect of the extract. The oral absorption of this extract was tested by using serum from rats given the extract orally (gavage) in the angiogenesis assay system. The serum of rats orally administered the sweet leaf tea extract at doses of 0.1% w/w and 0.3% w/w did not significantly inhibit angiogenesis. However, the serum of rats injected intraperitoneally at a dose of 0.1% w/w caused a 41% inhibition of angiogenesis compared with saline injected controls. These preliminary results warrant further bioassay directed identification of other responsible compounds.
DNA Probe for <i>Lactobacillus delbrueckii</i> (1990)

From a genomic DNA library of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, a clone was isolated which complements a leucine auxotrophy of an Escherichia coli strain (GE891). Subsequent analysis of the clone indicated that it could serve as a specific DNA probe. Dot-blot hybridizations with over 40 different Lactobacillus strains showed that this clone specifically recognizes L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii, bulgaricus, and lactis. The sensitivity of the method was tested by using an alpha-P-labeled DNA probe.
Behavioral modeling of class-J amplifier driven by 100MHz LTE-advanced signal using dynamic nonlinearity reduction (2014)

In this paper a low complexity behavioral model based on dynamic nonlinearity reduction is proposed for the behavioral modeling of power amplifiers driven by LTE-advanced signals. This allows for a reduction in the number of model coefficients' without compromising its accuracy by independently minimizing the nonlinearity orders in each of the branches of the memory polynomial function. Experimental validation carried out on a class-J power amplifier driven by a 100-MHz LTE signal demonstrates the ability of the proposed model to accurately predict the amplifier's output. Compared to the conventional twin-nonlinear two-box model, the dynamic nonlinearity reduction based twin-nonlinear two-box model reduces the number coefficients of the memory polynomial function from 75 to 30 while degrading the model's NMSE by only 0.1dB.
Achromatic metasurfaces by dispersive phase compensation (2015)

Flat optics suffers from chromatic aberrations due to the phase dispersion accumulated during propagation. This limitation can be overcome with an engineered phase shift imparted by a metasurface. Planar lenses without chromatic aberrations and beam deflectors are demonstrated.
Crowded Phosphonylated Alkoxyamines with Low Dissociation Temperatures: A Milestone in Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization (2006)

During the last decade, Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization emerged as a promising technique to prepare controlled/living polymers via free radical polymerization. However, its scope remained limited because of the restricted number of nitroxides and alkoxyamines exhibiting the required characteristics to exert an efficient control on radical polymerization of various monomers. The combination of tertiary alkyl radicals [(Me2CY)·, Y = COOH, COOR, CN)] with the N-tert-butyl-N-(1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethylpropyl) nitroxide, called SG1, led to an original series of alkoxyamines SG1-C(Y)Me2, some of them being isolated as stable solids easy to handle and to store. In solution, these alkoxyamines dissociate at room temperature, they exert an efficient control on the radical polymerization of various monomers and open up many new possibilities for the controlled synthesis of complex macromolecular architectures.
Chipless radio frequency identification by remote measurement of complex impedance (2007)

A novel technique for radio frequency identification devices (RFID) based on remote measurement of complex impedance at microwave frequencies is presented. The low cost read-only tags do not need semiconductor elements and can be implemented by printing a conducting pattern on a low cost dielectric substrate. Multiple tags are simultaneously illuminated by a chirped microwave signal with a bandwidth of few hundred MHz to few GHz. The composite backscatter from all tags is mixed with the transmitted chirp signal and filtered to generate an intermediate frequency (IF). The IF is further processed with a narrow detection bandwidth to select a particular tag. Next, the phase-frequency profile of the reflection coefficient (complex impedance) of the selected tag is recovered with the help of a reference channel. Phase-frequency signatures of individual tags determine the tag identity. The technique allows operation with low transmit power, provides range information and mitigates against multi-path propagation and interference.
Feedback Particle Filter (2013)

A new formulation of the particle filter for nonlinear filtering is presented, based on concepts from optimal control, and from the mean-field game theory. The optimal control is chosen so that the posterior distribution of a particle matches as closely as possible the posterior distribution of the true state given the observations. This is achieved by introducing a cost function, defined by the Kullback-Leibler (K-L) divergence between the actual posterior, and the posterior of any particle. The optimal control input is characterized by a certain Euler-Lagrange (E-L) equation, and is shown to admit an innovation error-based feedback structure. For diffusions with continuous observations, the value of the optimal control solution is ideal. The two posteriors match exactly, provided they are initialized with identical priors. The feedback particle filter is defined by a family of stochastic systems, each evolving under this optimal control law. A numerical algorithm is introduced and implemented in two general examples, and a neuroscience application involving coupled oscillators. Some preliminary numerical comparisons between the feed- back particle filter and the bootstrap particle filter are described.
Walking assist device with bodyweight support system (2009)

We aim at realization of a ¿user-friendly walking assist device¿ to support the life of the elderly, the work operation of production, and others. Based on a biomedical engineering analysis, we developed a new walking assist device with a concept to reduce the floor reaction force of the user of the device. The device comprises an axis layout in which expansion and contraction mechanisms disposed on the right and left are connected to a seat at a single point, a device layout in which the device is disposed along the inner side of the user's legs, and a mechanism that utilizes a circular arc-shaped rail. With these original layouts and mechanisms, we achieved a walking assist device that can be put on and taken off easily without the need to fasten the device to a user's body, and that can always maintain the assist force vector in the direction from the center of pressure of floor reaction force to the center of gravity of the user's body by using only two actuators. The device can reduce the load on leg muscles and joints in various movements and postures. It was confirmed that the device has an assist effect of reducing the user's leg muscle activities as well as the user's total body energy consumption when the user climbs stairs or performs a squat exercise.
Assessing and Reducing the Toxicity of 3D-Printed Parts (2015)

3D printing is gaining popularity by providing a tool for fast, cost-effective, and highly customizable fabrication. However, little is known about the toxicity of 3D-printed objects. In this work, we assess the toxicity of printed parts from two main classes of commercial 3D printers, fused deposition modeling and stereolithography. We assessed the toxicity of these 3D-printed parts using zebrafish (Danio rerio), a widely used model organism in aquatic toxicology. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 3D-printed parts and monitored for rates of survival, hatching, and developmental abnormalities. We found that parts from both types of printers were measurably toxic to zebrafish embryos, with STL-printed parts significantly more toxic than FDM-printed parts. We also developed a simple post-printing treatment (exposure to ultraviolet light) that largely mitigates the toxicity of the STL-printed parts. Our results call attention to the need for strategies for the safe disposal of 3D-printed parts and printer waste materials.
CA9 Expression as a Prognostic Factor in Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (2005)

On the basis of our study, CA9 is a significant molecular marker in renal clear cell carcinomas. Decreased CA9 expression is independently associated with poor survival. CA9 can be used to predict clinical outcome and identify high-risk patients in need for adjuvant immunotherapy and CA9 targeted therapies.
Doubling the Near‐Infrared Photocurrent in a Solar Cell via Omni‐Resonant Coherent Perfect Absorption (2021)

Abstract Minimizing the material usage in thin‐film solar cells can reduce manufacturing costs and enable mechanically flexible implementations, but concomitantly diminishes optical absorption. Coherent optical effects can help alleviate this inevitable drawback at discrete frequencies. For example, coherent perfect absorption guarantees that light is fully absorbed in a thin layer regardless of material or thickness—but only on resonance. Here, it is shown that “omni‐resonance” delivers such coherent enhancement over a broad bandwidth by structuring the optical field to nullify the angular dispersion intrinsic to resonant structures. After embedding an amorphous‐silicon thin‐film photovoltaic cell in a planar cavity, pre‐conditioning the incident light using an alignment‐free optical arrangement severs the link between the resonant bandwidth and the cavity‐photon lifetime, thereby rendering the cavity omni‐resonant. Coherently enhanced near‐infrared absorption doubles the photocurrent over the targeted spectral range 660–740 nm where every wavelength resonates. These results may pave the way to transparent solar cells that optimally harvest near‐infrared light.
Electrofluidic displays: Fundamental platforms and unique performance attributes (2011)

Abstract— Electrofluidic displays transpose brilliant pigment dispersions between a fluid reservoir of small viewable area and a channel of large viewable area. Recent progress in the technology, a new multi‐stable device architecture, and a novel approach for segmented displays that can display pigment without the optical losses of pixel borders is reported. The fundamental aspects of electrofluidics that make it compelling for the next generation of e‐paper products is reviewed.
CNT X-ray source array for detection and treatment of cancer (2012)

We recently developed a new spatially distributed x-ray source array technology utilizing the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the electron field emitters. The technology with flexible source configuration and digital control of radiation opens up new possibilities for designing x-ray tomography scanners with enhanced resolution and scanning speed, and for developing novel radiotherapy systems. Several imaging and radiation therapy systems are currently at different stages of development. A stationary digital tomosynthesis scanner for detection of human breast tumor has been demonstrated which offers a higher spatial resolution, a faster scanning speed, and potentially a higher sensitivity for micro-calcification compared to the current rotating-gantry tomosynthesis scanners. We have also initiated an effort on microbeam radiotherapy, which is an experimental and preclinical technique that has been shown in synchrotron based animal studies to be effective for eradication of brain tumor while sparing normal tissue. In this talk we will provide an update on the status of the CNT x-ray source technology and will introduce the stationary digital breast tomosynthesis and microbeam radiation therapy systems currently under development at UNC.
Traitor tracing for prerecorded and recordable media (2004)

In this paper we are focusing on the use of a traitor tracing scheme for distribution models that are based on prerecorded or recordable physical media. When a pirated copy of the protected content is observed, the traitor tracing scheme allows the identification of at least one of the real subscribers who participated in the construction of the pirated copy. We show how we systematically assign the variations to users. We explore under what circumstances traitor tracing technology is applicable for media based distribution and then focus on two challenges specifically related to this form of distribution: We demonstrate a way to encode the variations on the disc that is mostly hidden from the attackers and also remarkably compatible with the existing DVD standard. We also present an efficient key management scheme to significantly reduce the requirement for non-volatile key storage on low-cost CE devices.
Recovery of carotenoids from palm oil (1994)

Abstract The carotenoids from palm oil were recovered through a two‐stage process involving transesterification of palm oil followed by molecular distillation of the ester. The carotenoid fraction contained more than 80,000 ppm carotenoids. α‐ and β‐Carotenes were the major components. Vitamin E and sterols were also present.
Coding for sensing in Content Addressable Memories (2010)

We study binary Content Addressable Memories (CAMs) that employ a resistive element to store content. A CAM has a match line for every word stored which is sensed in order to determine a match/no match condition. We show how simple, low redundancy coding techniques can dramatically improve the ability to differentiate a match from a mismatch, effectively allowing a CAM design that stores nearly twice as many bits in the same memory as a competing design that stores each bit and its complement. The theory of coding for asymmetric errors is relevant in this problem; we rely on it to prove that ⌊n/2⌋ out of n constant weight codes are optimal for sensing.
Area Restricted Ad-hoc Network system based on Near Field Communication technology (2015)

In future office environments, the users have the requirements of intelligent interconnections among devices, people, and services in a secure way. This paper proposes a concept of Area Restricted Ad-hoc Network (ARANet) system, which enables automatic ad-hoc connections in a restricted wireless area. Specifically, Near Field Communication (NFC) is used for exemplifying the ARANet system in a table area, and the detailed implementations of hardware, protocol and application are elaborated respectively. In addition, a few test results are presented to demonstrate the potential usage of ARANet system. Finally, some related topics and future directions are stated.
A Novel High-Potency Tetanus Vaccine (2020)

Chemically inactivated tetanus toxoid (CITT) is clinically effective and widely used. However, CITT is a crude nonmalleable vaccine that contains hundreds of <i>Clostridium tetani</i> proteins, and the active component is present in variable and sometimes minor percentages of vaccine mass. Recombinant production of a genetically inactivated tetanus vaccine offers an opportunity to replace and improve the current tetanus vaccine. Previous studies showed the feasibility of engineering full-length tetanus toxin (TT) in <i>Escherichia coli</i> In the present study, full-length TT was engineered with eight individual amino acid mutations (8MTT) to inactivate catalysis, translocation, and host receptor-binding functions, retaining 99.4% amino acid identity to native tetanus toxin. 8MTT purified as a 150-kDa single-chain protein, which trypsin nicked to a 100-kDa heavy chain and 50-kDa light chain. The 8MTT was not toxic for outbred mice and was >50 million-fold less toxic than native TT. Relative to CITT, 8MTT vaccination elicited a strong immune response and showed good vaccine potency against TT challenge. The strength of the immune response to both vaccines varied among individual outbred mice. These data support 8MTT as a candidate vaccine against tetanus and a malleable candidate conjugate vaccine platform to enhance the immune response to polysaccharides and other macromolecular molecules to facilitate a rapid response to emerging microbial pathogens.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> Chemical inactivation is a clinically effective mechanism to detoxify protein toxins to produce vaccines against microbial infections and to serve as a platform for production of conjugate polysaccharide vaccines. This method is widely used for the production of protein toxin vaccines, including tetanus toxoid. However, chemical modification alters the protein structure with unknown effects on antigenicity. Here, a recombinant full-length tetanus toxin (TT) is engineered with 8 mutations (8MTT) that inactivate three toxin functions: catalysis, translocation, and receptor binding. 8MTT is nontoxic and elicits a potent immune response in outbred mice. 8MTT also represents a malleable platform for the production of conjugate vaccines, which can facilitate a rapid vaccine response against emerging microbial pathogens.