gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Theoretical analysis and verification of ultrasound displacement and strain imaging (1994)

Evaluation of internal displacement and strain distributions in tissue under externally applied forces is a necessary step in elasticity imaging. To obtain a quantitative image of the elastic modulus, strain and displacement fields must be measured with reasonable accuracy and inverted based on an accurate theoretical model of soft tissue mechanics. In this paper, results of measured internal strain and displacement fields from gel-based phantoms are compared with theoretical predictions of a linear elastic model. In addition, some aspects of elasticity reconstruction based on measured displacement and strain fields are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Distributed Acoustic Sensing – a new tool for seismic applications (2014)

Distributed optical fibre sensors are established tools in the energy industry, finding many applications for production optimisation and integrity monitoring. Recently, a new class of instrument, the Distributed Acoustic Sensor (DAS), has been launched which adds seismic imaging to the list of energy industry applications. In this paper, we describe one such distributed acoustic sensor (named the iDAS) and demonstrate, through a series of lab experiments, the signal quality and performance that can be achieved. We show data which demonstrates the capability of the iDAS to measure the true acoustic signal (amplitude, frequency and phase) at all points along the sensing fibre length. We also compare the iDAS data with data collected from conventional point sensors and detail experiments which validate key performance criteria. We follow the lab experimental validation of the iDAS with a series of lab and field demonstrations. The lab demonstrations encompass localisation (ranging) of events away from the sensing fibre (for security applications) and acoustic imaging through the formation of a large acoustic camera using a single sensing fibre. The field demonstrations show comparisons of iDAS and geophone measurements in a surface seismic survey and improvements made by stacking shot records from an offshore VSP survey.
Boron nitride and its precursors. Technical report (1987)

Formation of preceramic polymers by stepwise pyrolysis of borazines was found to be strongly dependent upon the ring substituents. Boron nitride fibers were obtained via preceramic polymers produced from B-triaminio-N-tris(trimethylsilyl)borazine. Studies were carried out to determine the suitability of linear boron-nitrogen composition as preceramic polymer precursors. The mechanisms responsible for the observed results are delineated.
Temporally resolved parametric assessment of Z‐magnetization recovery (TOPAZ): Dynamic myocardial T<sub>1</sub> mapping using a cine steady‐state look‐locker approach (2017)

The proposed sequence allows cardiac phase-resolved T<sub>1</sub> mapping with integrated B1+ assessment at a temporal resolution of 40 ms. Magn Reson Med 79:2087-2100, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Automatic ranging circuit for a digital panel meter. [for readout of fluorimeter for trace uranium analysis] (1976)

This invention relates to a range changing circuit that operates in conjunction with a digital panel meter of fixed sensitivity. The circuit decodes the output of the panel meter and uses that information to change the gain of an input amplifier to the panel meter in order to ensure that the maximum number of significant figures is always displayed in the meter. The circuit monitors five conditions in the meter and responds to any of four combinations of these conditions by means of logic elements to carry out the function of the circuit. The system was designed for readout of a fluorescence analyzer for uranium analysis.
Translational outcomes in a full gene deletion of ubiquitin protein ligase E3A rat model of Angelman syndrome (2020)

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by developmental delay, impaired communication, motor deficits and ataxia, intellectual disabilities, microcephaly, and seizures. The genetic cause of AS is the loss of expression of UBE3A (ubiquitin protein ligase E6-AP) in the brain, typically due to a deletion of the maternal 15q11-q13 region. Previous studies have been performed using a mouse model with a deletion of a single exon of Ube3a. Since three splice variants of Ube3a exist, this has led to a lack of consistent reports and the theory that perhaps not all mouse studies were assessing the effects of an absence of all functional UBE3A. Herein, we report the generation and functional characterization of a novel model of Angelman syndrome by deleting the entire Ube3a gene in the rat. We validated that this resulted in the first comprehensive gene deletion rodent model. Ultrasonic vocalizations from newborn Ube3a<sup>m-/p+</sup> were reduced in the maternal inherited deletion group with no observable change in the Ube3a<sup>m+/p-</sup> paternal transmission cohort. We also discovered Ube3a<sup>m-/p+</sup> exhibited delayed reflex development, motor deficits in rearing and fine motor skills, aberrant social communication, and impaired touchscreen learning and memory in young adults. These behavioral deficits were large in effect size and easily apparent in the larger rodent species. Low social communication was detected using a playback task that is unique to rats. Structural imaging illustrated decreased brain volume in Ube3a<sup>m-/p+</sup> and a variety of intriguing neuroanatomical phenotypes while Ube3a<sup>m+/p-</sup> did not exhibit altered neuroanatomy. Our report identifies, for the first time, unique AS relevant functional phenotypes and anatomical markers as preclinical outcomes to test various strategies for gene and molecular therapies in AS.
<title>JPEG image compression hardware implementation with extensions for fixed-rate and compressed-image editing applications</title> (1994)

This paper describes a new high speed image compression hardware implementation which, in addition to implementing the JPEG baseline system, can be used in fixed-rate compression systems and in systems that allow editing of compressed images. High speed (CCIR 601 resolution at 30 frames/second) and small silicon size are achieved by using a unique parameterized orthogonal transform. This implementation is compatible with the DCT, yet requires no additional multiplications. Also described here is a system that uses a dynamic quantization scalar circuit to achieve fixed-rate compression and a system that utilizes the `static coefficient DPCM' feature to compress and decompress regions of interest within an image for editing or viewing.
Quantum private data sampling (2009)

We present a novel quantum communication protocol for "Private Data Sampling", where a player (Bob) obtains a random sample of limited size of a classical database, while the database owner (Alice) remains oblivious as to which bits were accessed. The protocol is efficient in the sense that the communication complexity per query scales at most linearly with the size of the database. It does not violate Lo's "no-go" theorem for one-sided twoparty secure computation, since a given joint input by Alice and Bob can result in randomly different protocol outcomes. After outlining the main security features of the protocol, we present our first experimental results.
Circulating Autoantibodies to Phosphorylated α-Enolase are a Hallmark of Pancreatic Cancer (2010)

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis and no diagnostic markers have, as of yet, been defined. In PDAC patients, α-enolase (ENOA) is up-regulated and elicits the production of autoantibodies. Here, we analyzed the autoantibody response to post-translational modifications of ENOA in PDAC patients. ENOA isolated from PDAC tissues and cell lines was characterized by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) Western blot (WB), revealing the expression of six different isoforms (named ENOA1,2,3,4,5,6) whereas only 4 isoforms (ENOA3,4,5,6) were detectable in normal tissues. As assessed by 2-DE WB, 62% of PDAC patients produced autoantibodies to the two more acidic isoforms (ENOA1,2) as opposed to only 4% of controls. Mass spectrometry showed that ENOA1,2 isoforms were phosphorylated on serine 419. ROC analysis demonstrated that autoantibodies to ENOA1,2 usefully complement the diagnostic performance of serum CA19.9 levels, achieving approximately 95% diagnostic accuracy in both advanced and resectable PDAC. Moreover, the presence of autoantibodies against ENOA1,2 correlated with a significantly better clinical outcome in advanced patients treated with standard chemotherapy. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ENOA phosphorylation is associated with PDAC and induces specific autoantibody production in PDAC patients that may have diagnostic value.
Construction and refinement of panoramic mosaics with global and local alignment (2002)

This paper presents techniques for constructing full view panoramic mosaics form sequences of images. Our representation associates a rotation matrix (and optionally a focal length) with each input image, rather than explicitly projecting all of the images onto a common surface (e.g., a cylinder). In order to reduce accumulated registration errors we apply global alignment (block adjustment) to whole sequence of images, which results in an optimal image mosaic (in the least squares sense). To compensate for small amounts of motion parallax introduced by translations of the camera and other unmodeled distortions we develop a local alignment (deghosting) technique which warps each image based on the results of pairwise local image registrations. By combining both global and local alignment we significantly improve the quality of our image mosaics thereby enabling the creation of full view panoramic mosaics with hand-held cameras.
Establishing Drug Resistance in Microorganisms by Mass Spectrometry (2013)

A rapid method to determine drug resistance in bacteria based on mass spectrometry is presented. In it, a mass spectrum of an intact microorganism grown in drug-containing stable isotope-labeled media is compared with a mass spectrum of the intact microorganism grown in non-labeled media without the drug present. Drug resistance is determined by predicting characteristic mass shifts of one or more microorganism biomarkers using bioinformatics algorithms. Observing such characteristic mass shifts indicates that the microorganism is viable even in the presence of the drug, thus incorporating the isotopic label into characteristic biomarker molecules. The performance of the method is illustrated on the example of intact E. coli, grown in control (unlabeled) and (13)C-labeled media, and analyzed by MALDI TOF MS. Algorithms for data analysis are presented as well.
Global microRNA expression profiling of microdissected tissues identifies<i>miR‐135b</i>as a novel biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (2011)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is known for its poor prognosis resulting from being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Accurate early diagnosis and new therapeutic modalities are therefore urgently needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), considered a new class of biomarkers and therapeutic targets, may be able to fulfill those needs. Combining tissue microdissection with global miRNA array analyses, cell type‐specific miRNA expression profiles were generated for normal pancreatic ductal cells, acinar cells, PDAC cells derived from xenografts and also from macrodissected chronic pancreatitis (CP) tissues. We identified 78 miRNAs differentially expressed between ND and PDAC cells providing new insights into the miRNA‐driven pathophysiological mechanisms involved in PDAC development. Having filtered miRNAs which are upregulated in the three pairwise comparisons of PDAC vs. ND, PDAC vs. AZ and PDAC vs. CP, we identified 15 miRNA biomarker candidates including miR‐135b. Using relative qRT‐PCR to measure miR‐135b normalized to miR‐24 in 75 FFPE specimens (42 PDAC and 33 CP) covering a broad range of tumor content, we discriminated CP from PDAC with a sensitivity and specificity of 92.9% [95% CI=(80.5, 98.5)] and 93.4% [95% CI=(79.8, 99.3)], respectively. Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) value reached of 0.97 was accompanied by positive and negative predictive values of 95% and 91%, respectively. In conclusion, we report pancreatic cell‐specific global miRNA profiles, which offer new candidate miRNAs to be exploited for functional studies in PDAC. Furthermore, we provide evidence that miRNAs are well‐suited analytes for development of sensitive and specific aid‐in‐diagnosis tests for PDAC.
Phase-coherent digital communications for underwater acoustic channels (1994)

High-speed phase coherent communications in the ocean channel are made difficult by the combined effects of large Doppler fluctuations and extended, time-varying multipath. In order to account for these effects, we consider a receiver which performs optimal phase synchronization and channel equalization jointly. Since the intersymbol interference in some underwater acoustic channels spans several tens of symbol intervals, making the optimal maximum-likelihood receiver unacceptably complex, we use a suboptimal, but low complexity, decision feedback equalizer. The mean squared error multiparameter optimization results in an adaptive algorithm which is a combination of recursive least squares and second-order digital phase and delay-locked loops. The use of a fractionally spaced equalizer eliminates the need for explicit symbol delay tracking. The proposed algorithm is applied to experimental data from three types of underwater acoustic channels: long-range deep water, long-range shallow water, and short-range shallow water channels. The modulation techniques used are 4- and 8-PSK. The results indicate the feasibility of achieving power-efficient communications in these channels and demonstrate the ability to coherently combine multiple arrivals, thus exploiting the diversity inherent in multipath propagation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cryogen spray cooling: Effects of droplet size and spray density on heat removal (2001)

Abstract Background and Objective Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) is an effective method to reduce or eliminate non‐specific injury to the epidermis during laser treatment of various dermatological disorders. In previous CSC investigations, fuel injectors have been used to deliver the cryogen onto the skin surface. The objective of this study was to examine cryogen atomization and heat removal characteristics of various cryogen delivery devices. Study Design/Materials and Methods Various cryogen delivery device types including fuel injectors, atomizers, and a device currently used in clinical settings were investigated. Cryogen mass was measured at the delivery device output orifice. Cryogen droplet size profiling for various cryogen delivery devices was estimated by optically imaging the droplets in flight. Heat removal for various cryogen delivery devices was estimated over a range of spraying distances by temperature measurements in an skin phantom used in conjunction with an inverse heat conduction model. Results A substantial range of mass outputs were measured for the cryogen delivery devices while heat removal varied by less than a factor of two. Droplet profiling demonstrated differences in droplet size and spray density. Conclusions Results of this study show that variation in heat removal by different cryogen delivery devices is modest despite the relatively large difference in cryogen mass output and droplet size. A non‐linear relationship between heat removal by various devices and droplet size and spray density was observed. Lasers Surg. Med. 28:103–112, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modelling and measuring the thermal behaviour of the molten pool in closed-loop controlled laser-based additive manufacturing (2003)

Laser-based additive manufacturing (LBAM) is a promising manufacturing technology that can be widely applied in solid freeform fabrication (SFF), component recovery and regeneration, and surface modification. The thermal behaviour of the molten pool is one of the critical factors that influences laser deposition indices such as geometrical accuracy, material properties and residual stresses. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model is developed using ANSYS to simulate the thermal behaviour of the molten pool in building a single-bead wall via a closed-loop controlled LBAM process in which the laser power is controlled to keep the width of the molten pool constant. The temperature distribution, the geometrical feature of the molten pool and the cooling rate under different process conditions are investigated. To verify the simulation results, the thermal behaviour of the molten pool is measured by a coaxially installed infrared camera in experimental investigations of a closed-loop controlled LBAM process. Results from finite element thermal analysis provide guidance for the process parameter selection in LBAM, and develop a base for further residual stress analysis.
Shape regression for vertebra fracture quantification (2005)

Accurate and reliable identification and quantification of vertebral fractures constitute a challenge both in clinical trials and in diagnosis of osteoporosis. Various efforts have been made to develop reliable, objective, and reproducible methods for assessing vertebral fractures, but at present there is no consensus concerning a universally accepted diagnostic definition of vertebral fractures. In this project we want to investigate whether or not it is possible to accurately reconstruct the shape of a normal vertebra, using a neighbouring vertebra as prior information. The reconstructed shape can then be used to develop a novel vertebra fracture measure, by comparing the segmented vertebra shape with its reconstructed normal shape. The vertebrae in lateral x-rays of the lumbar spine were manually annotated by a medical expert. With this dataset we built a shape model, with equidistant point distribution between the four corner points. Based on the shape model, a multiple linear regression model of a normal vertebra shape was developed for each dataset using leave-one-out cross-validation. The reconstructed shape was calculated for each dataset using these regression models. The average prediction error for the annotated shape was on average 3%.
Whole genome association study of rheumatoid arthritis using 27 039 microsatellites (2005)

A major goal of current human genome-wide studies is to identify the genetic basis of complex disorders. However, the availability of an unbiased, reliable, cost efficient and comprehensive methodology to analyze the entire genome for complex disease association is still largely lacking or problematic. Therefore, we have developed a practical and efficient strategy for whole genome association studies of complex diseases by charting the human genome at 100 kb intervals using a collection of 27,039 microsatellites and the DNA pooling method in three successive genomic screens of independent case-control populations. The final step in our methodology consists of fine mapping of the candidate susceptible DNA regions by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analysis. This approach was validated upon application to rheumatoid arthritis, a destructive joint disease affecting up to 1% of the population. A total of 47 candidate regions were identified. The top seven loci, withstanding the most stringent statistical tests, were dissected down to individual genes and/or SNPs on four chromosomes, including the previously known 6p21.3-encoded Major Histocompatibility Complex gene, HLA-DRB1. Hence, microsatellite-based genome-wide association analysis complemented by end stage SNP typing provides a new tool for genetic dissection of multifactorial pathologies including common diseases.
Aspernomine: a cytotoxic antiinsectan metabolite with a novel ring system from the sclerotia of Aspergillus nomius (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAspernomine: a cytotoxic antiinsectan metabolite with a novel ring system from the sclerotia of Aspergillus nomiusGail M. Staub, James B. Gloer, Donald T. Wicklow, and Patrick F. DowdCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 3, 1015–1017Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00029a033https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00029a033research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views719Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Optimization of Cultured Human Corneal Endothelial Cell Sheet Transplantation and Post-Operative Sheet Evaluation in a Rabbit Model (2016)

Viscoat® can contribute to cHCEC protection from damage caused by exposure to air.
Data reduction and clustering techniques for fault detection and diagnosis in automotives (2010)

In this paper, we propose a data-driven method to detect anomalies in operating Parameter Identifiers (PIDs) and in the absence of any anomaly, classify faults in automotive systems by analyzing PIDs collected from the freeze frame data. We first categorize the operating parameter data using automotive domain knowledge. The dataset thus obtained is then analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for finding coherence among the PIDs. Then we use clustering algorithms based on both linear distance and information theoretic measures to assign coherent PIDs to the same class or cluster. A comparative analysis of the behavior of PIDs belonging to the same cluster can now be made for detecting anomaly in PIDs. Since a system fault is characterized by the values by of all PIDs across all the clusters, we use the joint probability distribution of the independent components of all PIDs to characterize the fault and find the divergence between the joint distributions of training and test data to classify faults. The proposed method can analyze available parameter data, categorize PIDs into informative or non-informative category, and detect fault condition from the clusters. We demonstrate the algorithm by way of an application to operating parameter data collected during faults in catalytic converters of vehicles.
Scalable self-calibrating display technology for seamless large-scale displays (1999)

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February 1999.