gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Antiviral activity of the 3′;-amino derivative of (<i>E</i>)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2′;-deoxyuridine (1983)

3'-NH2-BV-dUrd, the 3'-amino derivative of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, was found to be a potent and selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) replication. 3'-NH2-BV-dUrd was about 4-12 times less potent but equally selective in its anti-herpes activity as BV-dUrd. Akin to BV-dUrd, 3'-NH2-BV-dUrd was much less inhibitory to herpes simplex virus type 2 than type 1. It was totally inactive against a thymidine kinase-deficient mutant of HSV-1. The 5'-triphosphate of 3'-NH2-BV-dUrd (3'-NH2-BV-dUTP) was evaluated for its inhibitory effects on purified herpes viral and cellular DNA polymerases. Among the DNA polymerases tested, HSV-1 DNA polymerase and DNA polymerase alpha were the most sensitive to inhibition by 3'-NH2-BV-dUTP (Ki values 0.13 and 0.10 microM, respectively). The Km/Ki ratio for DNA polymerase alpha was 47, as compared with 4.6 for HSV-1 DNA polymerase. Thus, the selectivity of 3'-NH2-BV-dUrd as an anti-herpes agent cannot be ascribed to a discriminative effect of its 5'-triphosphate at the DNA polymerase level. This selectivity most probably resides at the thymidine kinase level. 3'-NH2-BV-dUrd would be phosphorylated preferentially by the HSV-1-induced thymidine kinase (Ki 1.9 microM, as compared with greater than 200 microM for the cellular thymidine kinase), and this preferential phosphorylation would confine the further action of the compound to the virus-infected cell.
A new buffering system and its use in electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing (1993)

A novel buffer system with rather unique properties particularly well suited for preparative isoelectric focusing is described. The system was developed in response to the long standing need for pH gradients formulated using inexpensive components of known chemical composition. The system is binary consisting of buffer pairs covering the pH range of 3 to 10, in increments of less than 1 pH. The components are all readily available, nontoxic, and biologically acceptable, and are selected on the basis of their dissociation constants. The requirement for each buffer pair is that there be an overlapping pH zone where both components are largely non-ionized, having a ratio of neutral species to total buffer concentration between about 0.90 and 0.99. This ratio is defined as the 'electrophoretic reserve capacity' (ERC). Within the above ERC range a stable pH gradient is obtained, assuring sharply resolved protein focusing. Buffer parameters, mainly pH, buffering capacity, ERC, transport numbers, and conductivity, can be easily calculated and the buffer composition adjusted to meet requirements. All components are used at high concentration, typically of the order of up to 100 mM, yielding buffering capacities and conductivities analog to those customary in electrophoresis.
FACE AUTHENTICATION USING RECOGNITION-BY-PARTS, BOOSTING AND TRANSDUCTION (2009)

The paper describes an integrated recognition-by-parts architecture for reliable and robust face recognition. Reliability and robustness are characteristic of the ability to deploy full-fledged and operational biometric engines, and handling adverse image conditions that include among others uncooperative subjects, occlusion, and temporal variability, respectively. The architecture proposed is model-free and non-parametric. The conceptual framework draws support from discriminative methods using likelihood ratios. At the conceptual level it links forensics and biometrics, while at the implementation level it links the Bayesian framework and statistical learning theory (SLT). Layered categorization starts with face detection using implicit rather than explicit segmentation. It proceeds with face authentication that involves feature selection of local patch instances including dimensionality reduction, exemplar-based clustering of patches into parts, and data fusion for matching using boosting driven by parts that play the role of weak-learners. Face authentication shares the same implementation with face detection. The implementation, driven by transduction, employs proximity and typicality (ranking) realized using strangeness and p-values, respectively. The feasibility and reliability of the proposed architecture are illustrated using FRGC data. The paper concludes with suggestions for augmenting and enhancing the scope and utility of the proposed architecture.
Acoustic contact sensor for handwritten computer input (1990)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Richard L. Garwin, James L. Levine, Michael A. Schappert; Acoustic contact sensor for handwritten computer input. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 September 1990; 88 (3): 1667. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.400296 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Controlled Photochemical Release of Nitric Oxide from <i>O</i><sup>2</sup>-Naphthylmethyl- and <i>O</i><sup>2</sup>-Naphthylallyl-Substituted Diazeniumdiolates (2002)

The photochemistry of O2-naphthylmethyl- and O2-naphthylallyl-substituted diazeniumdiolates has been investigated. Electron-donating methoxy group substitution is shown to have a significant effect on the observed photochemistry, with the appropriate substitution pattern resulting in efficient diazeniumdiolate photorelease. Observed nitric oxide release rates from these photoprecursors are consistent with those expected for normal thermal dissociation of the diazeniumdiolate in aqueous solutions and show the same pH dependence.
Regulation of the effects of TGF-beta 1 by activation of latent TGF-beta 1 and differential expression of TGF-beta receptors (Tbeta R-I and Tbeta R-II) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2001)

Activation of L-TGF-beta 1 and the differential expression of T beta Rs may be important in the pathogenesis of remodelling and fibrosis in IPF.
Kinin B<sub>1</sub>Receptor Antagonists Containing α-Methyl-<scp>l</scp>-Phenylalanine: In Vitro and In Vivo Antagonistic Activities (1999)

-To protect from metabolism and to improve potency of the AcLys-[D-betaNal7,Ile8]desArg9-bradykinin (BK) (R 715), we prepared and tested 3 analogues containing alpha-methyl-L-Phe ([alphaMe]Phe) in position 5: these are the AcLys-[(alphaMe)Phe5,D-betaNal7, Ile8]desArg9BK (R 892), Lys-Lys-[(alphaMe)Phe5,D-betaNal7, Ile8]desArg9BK (R 913), and AcLys-Lys-[(alphaMe)Phe5,D-betaNal7, Ile8]desArg9BK (R 914). The new compounds were tested against the contractile effect induced by desArg9BK on 2 B1 receptor bioassays, the human umbilical vein, and the rabbit aorta. Their antagonistic activities were compared with those of the early prototypes (Lys-[Leu8]desArg9BK and [Leu8]desArg9BK) and with other recently described peptide antagonists. The 3 (alphaMe)Phe analogues showed high antagonistic potencies (pA2) at both the human (8.8, 7.7, and 8. 7, respectively) and rabbit (8.6, 7.8, and 8.6, respectively) B1 receptors. No antagonistic effects (pA2<5) were observed on the B2 receptors that mediate the contractile effects of BK on the human umbilical vein, the rabbit jugular vein, and the guinea pig ileum. Moreover, these new B1 antagonists were found to be resistant to in vitro degradation by purified angiotensin-converting enzyme from rabbit lung. The Nalpha-acetylated forms, R 892 and R 914, were resistant to aminopeptidases from human plasma. In vivo antagonistic potencies (ID50) of B1 receptor antagonists were evaluated in anesthetized lipopolysaccharide-treated (for B1 receptor) and nontreated (for B2 receptor) rabbits against the hypotensive effects of exogenous desArg9BK and BK. R 892 efficiently inhibited (ID50 2.8 nmol/kg IV) hypotension induced by desArg9BK without affecting that evoked by BK (ID50 >600 nmol/kg IV). Conversely, the peptide antagonists Lys-Lys-[Hyp3,Igl5,D-Igl7,Oic8]desArg9BK (B 9858) and DArg-[Hyp3,Thi5,D-Tic7,Oic8] desArg9BK (S 0765) showed dual B1/B2 receptor antagonism in vitro and in vivo. It is concluded that R 892 and congeners provide selective, highly potent, and metabolically stable B1 kinin receptor antagonists that can be useful for the assessment of the physiological and pathological roles of kinin B1 receptors.
A supermolecular building approach for the design and construction of metal–organic frameworks (2014)

In this review, we describe two recently implemented conceptual approaches facilitating the design and deliberate construction of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), namely supermolecular building block (SBB) and supermolecular building layer (SBL) approaches. Our main objective is to offer an appropriate means to assist/aid chemists and material designers alike to rationally construct desired functional MOF materials, made-to-order MOFs. We introduce the concept of net-coded building units (net-cBUs), where precise embedded geometrical information codes uniquely and matchlessly a selected net, as a compelling route for the rational design of MOFs. This concept is based on employing pre-selected 0-periodic metal–organic polyhedra or 2-periodic metal–organic layers, SBBs or SBLs respectively, as a pathway to access the requisite net-cBUs. In this review, inspired by our success with the original rht-MOF, we extrapolated our strategy to other known MOFs via their deconstruction into more elaborate building units (namely polyhedra or layers) to (i) elucidate the unique relationship between edge-transitive polyhedra or layers and minimal edge-transitive 3-periodic nets, and (ii) illustrate the potential of the SBB and SBL approaches as a rational pathway for the design and construction of 3-periodic MOFs. Using this design strategy, we have also identified several new hypothetical MOFs which are synthetically targetable.
Analysis of long term heart rate variability: methods, 1/f scaling and implications. (1988)

The use of spectral techniques to quantify short term heart rate fluctuations on the order of seconds to minutes has helped define the autonomic contributions to beat-to-beat control of heart rate. We used similar techniques to quantify the entire spectrum (0.00003-1.0 Hz) of heart rate variability during 24 hour ambulatory ECG monitoring. The ECG from standard Holter monitor recordings from normal subjects was sampled with the use of a phase locked loop, and a heart rate time series was constructed at 3 Hz. Frequency analysis of the heart rate signal was performed after a nonlinear filtering algorithm was used to eliminate artifacts. A power spectrum of the entire 24 hour record revealed power that was inversely proportional to frequency, 1/f, over 4 decades from 0.00003 to 0.1 Hz (period approximately 10 hours to 10 seconds). Displaying consecutive spectra calculated at 5 minute intervals revealed marked variability in the peaks at all frequencies throughout the 24 hours, probably accounting for the lack of distinct peaks in the spectra of the entire records.
Production Of Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (Patent CA 2869738 A1) (2013)

A recombinant camelina plant or cell comprising one or more polynucleotides encoding a Δ6-desaturase, a Δ6-elongase and a Δ5-desaturase operably linked with one or more regulatory sequences.
Correction: Monolayer Stress Microscopy: Limitations, Artifacts, and Accuracy of Recovered Intercellular Stresses (2014)

In wound healing, tissue growth, and certain cancers, the epithelial or the endothelial monolayer sheet expands. Within the expanding monolayer sheet, migration of the individual cell is strongly guided by physical forces imposed by adjacent cells. This process is called plithotaxis and was discovered using Monolayer Stress Microscopy (MSM). MSM rests upon certain simplifying assumptions, however, concerning boundary conditions, cell material properties and system dimensionality. To assess the validity of these assumptions and to quantify associated errors, here we report new analytical, numerical, and experimental investigations. For several commonly used experimental monolayer systems, the simplifying assumptions used previously lead to errors that are shown to be quite small. Out-of-plane components of displacement and traction fields can be safely neglected, and characteristic features of intercellular stresses that underlie plithotaxis remain largely unaffected. Taken together, these findings validate Monolayer Stress Microscopy within broad but well-defined limits of applicability.
QUANTITATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY OF THE HUMAN THYMUS CORRELATE WITH INFANT CAUSE OF DEATH (2014)

The objective of this study was to investigate and quantify the morphological and molecular changes in the thymus for common causes of human infant death. Thymic architecture and molecular changes apparent in human infant head trauma victims were assessed by microscopy and quantified by image analysis of digital whole slide images. Thymuses from victims of SIDS and suffocated infants displaying normal thymus architecture were used for comparison. Molecular expression of proliferation and serotonin receptor and transporter protein markers was evaluated. Duplicate morphological and molecular studies of rodent thymuses were completed with both mouse and rat models. Quantification of novel parameters of digital images of thymuses from human infants suffering mortal head trauma revealed a disruption of the corticomedullary organization of the thymus, particularly involving dissolution of the corticomedullary border. A similar result was obtained for related mouse and rat models. The human thymuses from head trauma cases also displayed a higher percentage of Ki-67-positive thymocytes. Finally, we determined that thymus expression of the human serotonin receptor, and the serotonin transporter, occur almost exclusively in the thymic medulla. Head trauma leads to a disruption of the thymic, corticomedullary border, and molecular expression patterns in a robust and quantifiable manner.
Bi-epitaxial grain boundary junctions in YBa2Cu3O7 (1991)

We have developed a new way of making grain boundary junctions in YBa2Cu3O7 thin films by controlling the in-plane epitaxy of the deposited film using seed and buffer layers. We produce 45° grain boundaries along photolithographically defined lines. The typical value of the critical current density of the junctions is 103–104 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 102–103 A/cm2 at 77 K, while the rest of the film has a critical current density of 1–3×106 A/cm2 at 77 K. The current-voltage characteristics of the junctions show resistively shunted junction behavior and we have used them to fabricate dc superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) which show modulation at temperatures well above 77 K. This is the first planar high Tc Josephson junction technology that appears readily extendable to high Tc integrated circuits.
Practical Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure β<sup>2</sup>‐Amino Acids via Proline‐Catalyzed Diastereoselective Aminomethylation of Aldehydes. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Rapid field calculations for the effect of ferromagnetic material in MRI magnet design (2002)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) magnets have very stringent constraints on the homogeneity of the static magnetic field that they generate over desired imaging regions. The magnet system also preferably generates very little stray field external to its structure, so that ease of siting and safety are assured. This work concentrates on deriving means of rapidly computing the effect of `cold' and `warm' ferromagnetic material in or around the superconducting magnet system, so as to facilitate the automated design of hybrid material MR magnets.
Enteroviruses 76, 89, 90 and 91 represent a novel group within the species Human enterovirus A (2005)

Molecular methods have enabled the rapid identification of new enterovirus (EV) serotypes that would have been untypable using existing neutralizing antisera. Nineteen strains of four new EV types termed EV76 (11 isolates), EV89 (two isolates), EV90 (four isolates) and EV91 (two isolates), isolated from clinical specimens from patients in France (one isolate) and Bangladesh (18 isolates), are described. Nucleotide sequences encoding the VP1 capsid protein (882-888 nt) are less than 65 % identical to the homologous sequences of the recognized human EV serotypes, but within each group the sequences are more than 78 % identical. The deduced amino acid sequences of the complete capsid (P1) region are more than 94 % identical within type but less than 76 % identical to those of the recognized serotypes. For both VP1 and P1, the 19 isolates are monophyletic by type with respect to all other EV serotypes. Using the proposed molecular typing scheme, these data support their identification as four new types within the species Human enterovirus A (HEV-A). In almost all cases, the VP1 sequences were more similar to those of some simian EVs than to the human EVs. Partial 3D sequences of all 19 isolates also clustered within HEV-A; they were monophyletic as a group, but not by type, suggesting that recombination has occurred among viruses of these four types. Partial 3D sequences were more closely related to those of simian EVs than to human viruses in HEV-A. These results suggest that the four new types may represent a new subgroup within HEV-A, in addition to the existing human and simian subgroups.
Spectrum Characterization for Opportunistic Cognitive Radio Systems (2006)

Spectrum sensing is one of the most challenging problems in cognitive radio systems. The spectrum of interest needs to be characterized and unused frequencies should be identified for possible exploitation. This process, however, should be computationally simple and fast in order to catch up with the changing transmission parameters. This paper proposes a sensing method for identifying the unused spectrum for opportunistic transmission by estimating the RF transmission parameters of primary users. The primary users are identified by matching the a priory information about their transmission characteristics to the features extracted from the received signal. The application of the proposed sensing method to WiMAX mobile stations for finding the active channels during initial network entry is also discussed as a case study
ChemInform Abstract: Short and Tandem Syntheses of Spiro[2.5]octane‐5,7‐dione and Spiro[3.5]nonane‐6,8‐dione via Diethyl Acetonedicarboxylate. (2016)

Abstract The synthesis of the title species (III) and (V) involves cyclization of tricarbonyl compound (I) with acrylates (II) and (VI) followed by decarboxylation.
Packet loss resilience of MPEG-2 scalable video coding algorithms (1996)

Transmission of compressed video over packet networks with nonreliable transport benefits when packet loss resilience is incorporated into the coding. One promising approach to packet loss resilience, particularly for transmission over networks offering dual priorities such as ATM networks, is based on layered coding which uses at least two bitstreams to encode video. The base-layer bitstream, which can be decoded independently to produce a lower quality picture, is transmitted over a high priority channel. The enhancement-layer bitstream(s) contain less information, so that packet losses are more easily tolerated. The MPEG-2 standard provides four methods to produce a layered video bitstream: data partitioning, signal-to-noise ratio scalability, spatial scalability, and temporal scalability. Each was included in the standard in part for motivations other than loss resilience. This paper compares the performance of these techniques (excluding temporal scalability) under various loss rates using realistic length material and discusses their relative merits. Nonlayered MPEG-2 coding gives generally unacceptable video quality for packet loss ratios of 10/sup -3/ for small packet sizes. Better performance can be obtained using layered coding and dual-priority transmission. With data partitioning, cell loss ratios of 10/sup -4/ in the low-priority layer are definitely acceptable, while for SNR scalable encoding, cell loss ratios of 10/sup -3/ are generally invisible. Spatial scalable encoding can provide even better visual quality under packet losses; however, it has a high implementation complexity.
Game-Set-MATCH: Using Mobile Devices for Seamless External-Facing Biometric Matching. (2020)

We use biometrics like fingerprints and facial images to identify ourselves to our mobile devices and log on to applications everyday. Such authentication is internal-facing: we provide measurement on the same device where the template is stored. If our personal devices could participate in external-facing authentication too, where biometric measurement is captured by a nearby external sensor, then we could also enjoy a frictionless authentication experience in a variety of physical spaces like grocery stores, convention centers, ATMs, etc. The open setting of a physical space brings forth important privacy concerns though. We design a suite of secure protocols for external-facing authentication based on the cosine similarity metric which provide privacy for both user templates stored on their devices and the biometric measurement captured by external sensors in this open setting. The protocols provide different levels of security, ranging from passive security with some leakage to active security with no leakage at all. With the help of new packing techniques and zero-knowledge proofs for Paillier encryption -- and careful protocol design, our protocols achieve very practical performance numbers. For templates of length 256 with elements of size 16 bits each, our fastest protocol takes merely 0.024 seconds to compute a match, but even the slowest one takes no more than 0.12 seconds. The communication overhead of our protocols is very small too. The passive and actively secure protocols (with some leakage) need to exchange just 16.5KB and 27.8KB of data, respectively. The first message is designed to be reusable and, if sent in advance, would cut the overhead down to just 0.5KB and 0.8KB, respectively.