gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
On the development of an image-matching navigation algorithm for aerial vehicles (2017)

Today's aerial vehicles are equipped with relatively inexpensive vision sensors that can contribute to the navigation solution providing high-rate position, velocity and attitude navigational fixes. This paper focuses on preliminary results of computer simulations of a monocular vision-based system that is based on the image matching technique. Specifically, this system relies on high-definition satellite imagery that has become available in recent years. The paper presents the overall concept, discusses imagery data that was available for testing the suggested concept, and finally shows some preliminary results exhibiting satisfactory match between the estimated and true states.
New Polysubstituted Pyrazole Derivatives: Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies (2020)

Several new 1,3,4-trisubstituted pyrazoles are synthesized from (E)-3-[1-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-1-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one and their structures are supported by specral methods. The in vitro cytotoxicity tests of selected compounds against MCF-7 cell line demonstrate the strong effect of some of those in comparison with doxorubicin.
Techno-Economic Assessment of Mixed-Furan Production from Diverse Biomass Hydrolysates (2021)

We present techno-economic analyses of high-yield production of furans [5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural] from mixed-sugar hydrolysates via a novel hybrid enzyme-chemo-catalytic process. In this process, glucose and xylose in biomass hydrolysates are first isomerized to corresponding ketoses (i.e., fructose and xylulose) using immobilized glucose–xylose isomerase. This enzymatic step is closely integrated with selective extraction of the keto-sugars into a water–immiscible octanol phase containing aryl boronic acids that have a selective affinity for keto-sugars. As a result, isomerization and extraction occur simultaneously and drive the isomerization equilibrium toward the formation of the ketose isomers—a process termed simultaneous isomerization and reactive extraction (SIRE). Then, the keto-sugars in the octanol phase are back-extracted into an acidic ionic liquid (IL) that is uniquely suited for sugar dehydration reactions—a process step termed back extraction (BE). Thereafter, the ketose-rich sugar mixture undergoes dehydration to furans in the IL, which is part of a biphasic reaction medium with tetrahydrofuran (THF) that facilitates extraction and stabilization of the furans as they are formed. Finally, the furans are recovered from THF. Overall, the SIRE–BE–dehydration process provides a pathway for high-yield conversion of lignocellulosic mixed-sugar hydrolysates to HMF and furfural. We performed the chemical process design for a furan production facility operating at a feed rate of 1000 MT/day of biomass hydrolysate sugars (dry basis) via the SIRE–BE–dehydration pathway. The process design corresponded closely with experiments and included integration of novel and energy-efficient product and chemical recovery methods. We estimated the minimum furan selling price (MFSP) to be $1.42/kg—a promising price point for industrially important chemical products. Sensitivity analyses identified feedstock sugar cost and overall furan yield as the dominant contributors to the selling price, and modest improvements of 10% in both parameters could reduce the MFSP to $1.23/kg, a price which is competitive for fuel and polymer precursor applications.
PREPARATION, PURIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF 10-OXO-TRANS-8-DECENOIC ACID FROM THE CULTIVATED MUSHROOM, AGARICUS BISPORUS (1992)

ABSTRACT A procedure was developed to isolate 10-oxo-trans-8-decenoic acid (ODA) from mushrooms. ODA was produced by homogenizing mushrooms in phosphate buffer with added linoleic acid, extracted from the supernatant after centrifugation, and purified using column and thin-layer chromatography. The purified compound was then characterized using ultraviolet, infrared and mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The purified compound, containing 97.5% ODA, was a white, waxy solid with a pKa of 4.68. ODA was soluble in acetone, chloroform, ethanol, ethyl ether, methanol, methylene chloride and water, and slightly soluble in pentane, hexane, heptane and benzene. The TBA test was found to be a viable method for the quantification of ODA.
Plunger Lift Optimization by Monitoring and Analyzing Wellbore Acoustic Signals and Tubing and Casing Pressures (2006)

Abstract Plunger Lift operations are oftentimes not optimized due to lack of knowledge of plunger location and changes in tubing pressures, casing pressures and bottomhole pressures. Monitoring the plunger location in the tubing helps the operator to optimize the production of liquid and gas from the well. In low liquid volume wells, the plunger position can be tracked from the surface by monitoring acoustic signals generated as the plunger falls down the tubing. When the plunger falls through a tubing collar recess, an acoustic pulse is generated. These acoustic pulses, generated at the tubing collar recesses, travel through the gas in the tubing and can be monitored at the surface to obtain plunger depth. These acoustic pulses are converted to an electrical signal by use of a microphone or pressure transducer. The signal is digitized, stored and processed in a computer to determine plunger depth. In some high liquid volume wells, the acoustic pulses generated as the plunger falls past the tubing collar recesses may be masked and not detectable due to liquid accumulation around the plunger. However, in both low and high liquid volume wells, the plunger depth can be determined by generating an acoustic pulse in the tubing at the surface, and monitoring the acoustic reflection from the top of the plunger. Multiple shots are taken, so the plunger descent rate can be determined throughout the plunger fall. Software processes this plunger depth data along with the tubing and casing pressure data to display plunger depth, plunger velocity and well pressures vs. time. Plunger arrival at the liquid level in the tubing, and plunger arrival at the bottom of the tubing are identified on the data plots. Well inflow performance is calculated and plotted. Software displays the data and analysis in several formats including a pictorial representation of the well showing the tubing and casing pressures, plunger location, gas and liquid flow rates in the tubing and annulus, and inflow performance relationship at operator selected intervals throughout the cycle. A field case is presented to show how this field data analysis is applied to optimization of Plunger Lift operations.
Completely Explosive Ultracompact High-Voltage Pulse Generating System (2005)

A conventional pulsed power technology has been combined with an explosive pulsed power technology to produce an autonomous high voltage power supply. The power supply contained an explosive-driven high-voltage primary power source and a power-conditioning stage. Two types of ultracompact explosive primary power sources were used, one of which was based on the physical effect of shock wave demagnetization of high- energy ferromagnets, and the other one was based on shock wave depolarization of high-energy ferroelectric materials. The volumes of the energy-carrying ferroelectric elements in the shock wave ferroelectric generators (FEGs) varied from 1.2 to 2.6 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The volume of the energy-carrying ferromagnetic elements in the shock wave ferromagnetic generators (FMGs) was 8.75 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> for all tests performed. The power-conditioning stage was based on the spiral vector inversion generator (VIG). The combined FEG-VIG and FMG-VIG systems demonstrated successful operation and good performance. The output voltage pulse amplitude of the combined FEG-VIG system exceeded 90 kV, with risetime of 6.8 ns.
Method and apparatus for improved gas-solids separation (1989)

The present New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) for utility boilers limit particulate emissions to 0.03 pound of total suspended particles per million BTU of heat input. To meet NSPS the particulate removal efficiency of a control device must be 99.0 to 99.9%, depending upon the heating value of the coal. Methods and apparatus are disclosed for the removal of particulate solids from a gas stream at high separation efficiency, including the removal of submicron size particles. The apparatus includes a cyclone separator type of device which contains an axially mounted perforated cylindrical hollow rotor. The rotor is rotated at high velocity in the same direction as the flow of an input particle-laden gas stream to thereby cause enhanced separation of particulate matter from the gas stream in the cylindrical annular space between the rotor and the sidewall of the cyclone vessel. Substantially particle-free gas passes through the perforated surface of the spinning rotor and into the hollow rotor, from whence it is discharged out of the top of the apparatus. Separated particulates are removed from the bottom of the vessel. 4 figs., 5 tabs.
Enzyme immunoassay of pancreatic glucagon at the picogram level using beta-D-galactosidase as a label. (1979)

An enzyme immunoassay of pancreatic glucagon was established by using E. coli beta-D-galactosidease [EC 3.2.1.23] as a marker. In order to increase the sensitivity of the immunoassay, different peptides obtained from glucagon fragments were used to produce the enzyme conjugate and the immunogen. Antiserum N6E raised against C-terminal fragment peptide (15-29) could be diluted to more than 1 : 100,000 in the assay and was highly specific for pancreatic glucagon. The antiserum reacted well with the C-terminal fragment peptide (21-29) as well as another fragment peptide (15-29) and pancreatic glucagon. The enzyme immunoassay using antiserum N6E and fragment peptide (21-29)-enzyme conjugate could detect as little as 1 to 2 pg of glucagon. The mean recovery of glucagon added to serum specimens was 104% and the coefficients of variation were 3.7-14.5% (within assay) and 9.0-18.5% (between assay).
Characterization of a Heart-specific Fatty Acid Transport Protein (2003)

Fatty acids are a major source of energy for cardiac myocytes. Changes in fatty acid metabolism have been implicated as causal in diabetes and cardiac disease. The mechanism by which long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) enter cardiac myocytes is not well understood but appears to occur predominantly by protein-mediated transport. Here we report the cloning, expression pattern, and subcellular localization of a novel member of the fatty acid transport protein (FATP) family termed FATP6. FATP6 is principally expressed in the heart where it is the predominant FATP family member. Similar to other FATPs, transient and stable transfection of FATP6 into 293 cells enhanced uptake of LCFAs. FATP6 mRNA was localized to cardiac myocytes by in situ hybridization. Immunofluorescence microscopy of FATP6 in monkey and murine hearts revealed that the protein is exclusively located on the sarcolemma. FATP6 was restricted in its distribution to areas of the plasma membrane juxtaposed with small blood vessels. In these membrane domains FATP6 also colocalizes with another molecule involved in LCFA uptake, CD36. These findings suggest that FATP6 is involved in heart LCFA uptake, in which it may play a role in the pathogenesis of lipid-related cardiac disorders.
Mining multilingual topics from wikipedia (2009)

In this paper, we try to leverage a large-scale and multilingual knowledge base, Wikipedia, to help effectively analyze and organize Web information written in different languages. Based on the observation that one Wikipedia concept may be described by articles in different languages, we adapt existing topic modeling algorithm for mining multilingual topics from this knowledge base. The extracted 'universal' topics have multiple types of representations, with each type corresponding to one language. Accordingly, new documents of different languages can be represented in a space using a group of universal topics, which makes various multilingual Web applications feasible.
Gly-46 and His-50 of Yeast Maltose Transporter Mal21p Are Essential for Its Resistance against Glucose-induced Degradation (2009)

The maltose transporter gene is situated at the MAL locus, which consists of genes for a transporter, maltase, and transcriptional activator. Five unlinked MAL loci (MAL1, MAL2, MAL3, MAL4, and MAL6) constitute a gene family in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The expression of the maltose transporter is induced by maltose and repressed by glucose. The activity of the maltose transporter is also regulated post-translationally; Mal61p is rapidly internalized from the plasma membrane and degraded by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis in the presence of glucose. We found that S. cerevisiae strain ATCC20598 harboring MAL21 could grow in maltose supplemented with a non- assimilable glucose analogue, 2-deoxyglucose, whereas strain ATCC96955 harboring MAL61 and strain CB11 with MAL31 and AGT1 could not. These observations implied a Mal21p-specific resistance against glucose-induced degradation. Mal21p found in ATCC20598 has 10 amino acids, including Gly-46 and His-50, that are inconsistent with the corresponding residues in Mal61p. The half-life of Mal21p for glucose-induced degradation was 118 min when expressed using the constitutive TPI1 promoter, which was significantly longer than that of Mal61p (25 min). Studies with mutant cells that are defective in endocytosis or the ubiquitination process indicated that Mal21p was less ubiquitinated than Mal61p, suggesting that Mal21p remains on the plasma membrane because of poor susceptibility to ubiquitination. Mutational studies revealed that both residues Gly-46 and His-50 in Mal21p are essential for the full resistance of maltose transporters against glucose-induced degradation.
Reconfigurable Piezoelectric MEMS Resonator Using Phase Change Material Programmable Vias (2015)

This paper reports on the demonstration of a reconfigurable aluminum nitride (AlN) piezoelectric microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) resonator using phase change material (PCM) programmable vias. Two 10-μm × 10-μm Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">50</sub> Te <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">50</sub> PCM programmable vias are monolithically integrated with a piezoelectric MEMS resonator, and used to dynamically reconfigure the terminal connections of its top and bottom electrodes, which determine the distribution of the electric field across the piezoelectric layer and therefore the equivalent electrical impedance of the resonator. The ability to reconfigure the device to operate in four different states is experimentally demonstrated: 1) lateral field excitation mode (both vias OFF); 2) resonator static capacitance, C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> ≈ 484 fF; 3) motional resistance, R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> ≈ 320 Ω; 4) thickness field excitation mode-high impedance (via 1 ON, C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> ≈ 564 fF; R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> ≈ 470 Q); 5) thickness field excitation mode-low impedance (via 2 ON, C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> ≈1459 fF; R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> ≈155 Q); and 6) SHORT (both vias ON, the resonator is reconfigured into a short circuit). This paper sets a milestone toward the demonstration of an innovative technology platform, based on the monolithic integration of AlN resonators and PCM switches, capable of delivering highly reconfigurable radio frequency components, enabling new radio architectures with enhanced spectrum coverage.
Using a configurable processor generator for computer architecture prototyping (2009)

Building hardware prototypes for computer architecture research is challenging. Unfortunately, development of the required software tools (compilers, debuggers, runtime) is even more challenging, which means these systems rarely run real applications. To overcome this issue, when developing our prototype platform, we used the Tensilica processor generator to produce a customized processor and corresponding software tools and libraries. While this base processor was very different from the streamlined custom processor we initially imagined, it allowed us to focus on our main objective---the design of a reconfigurable CMP memory system---and to successfully tape out an 8-core CMP chip with only a small group of designers. One person was able to handle processor configuration and hardware generation, support of a complete software tool chain, as well as developing the custom runtime software to support three different programming models. Having a sophisticated software tool chain not only allowed us to run more applications on our machine, it once again pointed out the need to use optimized code to get an accurate evaluation of architectural features.
Measuring and extracting proximity graphs in networks (2007)

Measuring distance or some other form of proximity between objects is a standard data mining tool. Connection subgraphs were recently proposed as a way to demonstrate proximity between nodes in networks. We propose a new way of measuring and extracting proximity in networks called “cycle-free effective conductance” (CFEC). Importantly, the measured proximity is accompanied with a proximity subgraph which allows assessing and understanding measured values. Our proximity calculation can handle more than two endpoints, directed edges, is statistically well behaved, and produces an effectiveness score for the computed subgraphs. We provide an efficient algorithm to measure and extract proximity. Also, we report experimental results and show examples for four large network datasets: a telecommunications calling graph, the IMDB actors graph, an academic coauthorship network, and a movie recommendation system.
Speech perception with a cochlear implant sound processor incorporating loudness models (2004)

Recently, a new paradigm for processing sounds for cochlear implants has been described that aims to normalize loudness for complex signals, relative to normal acoustic loudness perception [McDermott et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 114, 2190-2197 (2003)]. A first implementation of a sound processor based on this paradigm, called SpeL, has been evaluated with speech perception tests conducted in quiet and in noise. For the five participating subjects, the average scores from these tests for SpeL were very close to those for the conventional ACE scheme. However, audibility was improved by about 5 dB for SpeL compared with ACE.
Dynamic speculation and synchronization of data dependences (1997)

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Development of a downstream process for the production of an inactivated whole hepatitis C virus vaccine (2020)

There is a large unmet need for a prophylactic hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine to control the ongoing epidemic with this deadly pathogen. Many antiviral vaccines employ whole viruses as antigens. For HCV, this approach became feasible following the development of infectious cell culture systems for virus production. However, the lack of efficient downstream processes (DSP) for HCV purification poses a roadblock for the development of a whole virus vaccine. Using cell culture-derived genotype 1a HCV we developed a scalable and efficient DSP train, employing commonly used clarification and ultrafiltration techniques, followed by two membrane-based chromatography steps. For virus capture, steric exclusion chromatography using cellulose membranes was established, resulting in a virtually complete virus recovery with > 99% protein and 84% DNA depletion. Virus polishing was achieved by sulphated cellulose membrane adsorbers with ~ 50% virus recovery and > 99% protein and 90% DNA depletion. Additional nuclease digestion resulted in 99% overall DNA depletion with final DNA concentrations of 2 ng/mL. Process results were comparable for cell culture-derived HCV of another major genotype (5a). This study provides proof-of-concept for establishment of an efficient and economically attractive DSP with potential application for production of an inactivated whole virus vaccine against HCV for human use.
Active CMOS Array for Electrochemical Sensing of Biomolecules (2007)

We describe the design of a 4×4 active sensor array for multiplexed electrochemical biomolecular detection in a 0.25- <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">μ</i> m-CMOS process. Integrated potentiostats sense the current flowing through the on-chip Au electrodes that result from reactions occurring at the chip surface. Preliminary experimental results include cyclic voltammetry of several redox species and application to DNA probe coverage characterization.
Reflective electron beam lithography: A maskless ebeam direct write lithography approach using the reflective electron beam lithography concept (2010)

Reflective electron beam litography (REBL) utilizes several novel technologies to generate and expose lithographic patterns at throughputs that could make ebeam maskless lithography feasible for high volume manufacturing. The REBL program was described in a previous article [P. Petric et al., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 27, 161 (2009)] 2 years ago. This article will review the system architecture and the progress of REBL in the past 2 years. The main technologies making REBL unique are the reflective electron optics, the rotary stage, and the dynamic pattern generator (DPG). Changes in how these concepts have been implemented in a new design will be discussed. The main disadvantage of today’s electron beam direct write is low throughput; it takes many tens of hours to expose a 300 mm wafer today using ebeam lithography. The projected system throughput performance with the integrated technology of the reflective optics, DPG, and a multiple wafer rotary stage will be shown incorporating the performance data for the new column design.
Efficient context modeling in scalable 3D wavelet-based video compression (2002)

We address the problem of context modeling and coding in the framework of a three dimensional wavelet-based video compression scheme with temporal filtering in the motion direction. Embedded coding algorithms based on a 3D decomposition (like the 3D SPIHT algorithm) provide scalability, which is an important feature for delivering compressed bitstreams over heterogeneous networks. We propose a highly scalable video compression scheme, based on an efficient contextual modeling and a hierarchical encoding of the spatio-temporal trees of wavelet coefficients. We have shown that the efficiency of the final arithmetic encoding stage is increased by performing a statistical modeling based on the context tree weighting method. In order to reflect changes in the statistical behaviors of the different information sources that contribute to the bitstream, several statistical models have been distinguished. As shown by simulations, the proposed method results in significant improvements of the coding efficiency, while keeping the scalability functionality.