gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Compressed bloom filters (2001)

A Bloom filter is a simple space-efficient randomized data structure for representing a set in order to support membership queries. Although Bloom filters allow false positives, for many applications the space savings outweigh this draw-back when the probability of an error is sufficiently low. We introduce compressed Bloom filters, which improve performance when the Bloom filter is passed as a message, and its transmission size is a limiting factor. For example, Bloom filters have been suggested as a means for sharing Web cache information. In this setting, proxies do not share the exact contents of their caches, but instead periodically broadcast Bloom filters representing their cache. By using compressed Bloom filters, proxies can reduce the number of bits broadcast, the false positive rate, and/or the amount of computation per lookup. The cost is the processing time for compression and decompression, which can use simple arithmetic coding, and more memory use at the proxies, which utilize the larger uncompressed form of the Bloom filter.
Wide-angle noncontact and small-angle contact cameras. (1980)

The theoretical wide-angle model of the human eye and the principle of separation of ophthalmoscopic illumination and observation apertures have been used to design two fundamentally different ophthalmoscopic cameras: a 90 degree wide-angle, noncontact camera and a high-resolution macula-disc camera. The chief advantage of the 90 degree noncontact camera is the increase in contrast achieved by eliminating from the retinal image light reflections off corneal and lenticular surfaces. This contrast increase is obtained in addition to a wide-angle field, while the resolution of current fundus cameras is maintained. The chief advantage of the macula-disk camera is that it records the first image of the patient's fundus and thus permits an actual increase in resolution of retinal detail not obtainable with current fundus cameras. This additional detail should greatly facilitate future clinical study and treatment of macular disease.
Improving Power and Frequency Bandwidth of a Magnetic Spring Based Vibration Energy Harvester Using FR4 Spring-Guided Magnet (2019)

Abstract This article introduces an enhanced magnetic spring based energy harvester design suitable for harvesting kinetic energy from vibrations that are characterized by low acceleration levels. The presented design consists of a levitated magnet, an FR4 spring-guided magnet and coils. Prototypes of the enhanced harvester design are fabricated and characterized experimentally. For comparison, a traditional magnetic spring based vibration energy harvester is fabricated and characterized experimentally. Results from experiments confirm the superiority of the proposed enhanced harvester design over the traditional harvester design. At 0.1g [m/s2], the peak power of the enhanced harvester reaches approximately 40 times the peak power generated by the traditional harvester. At this acceleration level both enhanced and traditional harvesters exhibit approximately 0.4 [Hz] frequency bandwidth. At 0.3g [m/s2] the improvement in power generated by the enhanced harvester is approximately 400% compared to the power generated by the traditional harvester while the frequency bandwidth increases by 80%.
Local filtering of polarization entangled photon pairs by the components of a telecom network (2018)

By treating the polarization dependent loss of fiber-optic quantum channels as a local filtering operation, we show both theoretically and experimentally how entanglement can be distilled by properly orienting local filters.
Ab Initio Emulsion Atom‐Transfer Radical Polymerization (2018)

Abstract Stable latexes of poly(meth)acrylates with predetermined molecular weights, narrow molecular‐weight distributions, and controlled architecture were prepared by true ab initio emulsion atom‐transfer radical polymerization. Water‐soluble (macro)initiators in combination with a hydrophilic catalyst, Cu/tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine, initiated the polymerization in the aqueous phase. The catalyst strongly interacted with the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), thereby tuning the polymerization within nucleated hydrophobic polymer particles. Long‐term stable latexes were obtained, even with SDS loading below 3 wt % relative to monomer. Block and gradient copolymers were prepared in situ. The reaction volume and solid content were successfully increased to 100 mL and 40 vol %, respectively, thus suggesting facile scale‐up of this technique. The proposed setup could be integrated in existing industrial plants used for emulsion polymerization.
Optimization of Crystal Arrangement on 8-Layer DOI PET Detector (2006)

Previously, we proposed an 8-layer depth-of-interaction (DOI) encoding method for a PET detector and proved its validity. The layer of interaction is identified by hybrid method: scintillation light control by the original reflector arrangement for 4-layer DOI encoding and pulse shape discrimination for 2-layer DOI encoding. In the 8-layer DOI detector, four layers then consist of the scintillator of different pulse shape from another scintillator for the other four layers. The two kind crystal layers can be arranged in two ways: stacked alternately (LSLS) or set in the upper and lower four layers (LLSS). Since the two crystal arrangements are expected to show different detector performance, we investigated the difference to understand the characteristics of the DOI detector for its optimization. Gd <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> (GSO) crystals of 0.5 mol% Ce dopant and 1.5 mol% Ce dopant were used for the measurement. The former is in dimensions of 2.9 mm times 2.9 mm times 3.75 mm and the latter is 2.9 mm times 2.9 mm times 3.6 mm, respectively. The experimental results show better performance of the LLSS arrangement in pulse shape discrimination, while inferior in the 4-layer DOI encoding. There was no particular difference between the two crystal arrangements in light output and energy resolution of each layer.
Characterization of Self-Assembled Helical Slow-Wave Structures for Millimeter-Wave Traveling-Wave Tube Amplifiers (2022)

Self-assembled metal helices have recently emerged as viable slow-wave structures for millimeter-through-THz traveling-wave tube amplifiers. Here we present results on the fabrication and testing of devices for DC conductivity and S-parameters measurements in the W band.
Liquid-Desiccant Vapor Separation Reduces the Energy Requirements of Atmospheric Moisture Harvesting (2016)

An innovative atmospheric moisture harvesting system is proposed, where water vapor is separated from the air prior to cooling and condensation. The system was studied using a model that simulates its three interconnected cycles (air, desiccant, and water) over a range of ambient conditions, and optimal configurations are reported for different operation conditions. Model results were compared to specifications of commercial atmospheric moisture harvesting systems and found to represent saving of 5-65% of the electrical energy requirements due to the vapor separation process. We show that the liquid desiccant separation stage that is integrated into atmospheric moisture harvesting systems can work under a wide range of environmental conditions using low grade or solar heating as a supplementary energy source, and that the performance of the combined system is superior.
Toward a novel dosimetry system using acrylic disk radiation sensor for proton pencil beam scanning (2018)

These results suggest that the ADRS is suitable for dosimetry measurements in pencil beam scanning, and it will be employed as a low-cost and versatile dosimetry sensor in upcoming developments.
Mitochondrial genetic diseases (2010)

Research on mitochondrial biology and disease continues to improve the clinical capacity to diagnose the heterogeneous group of mitochondrial diseases that afflict the pediatric population. This research also provides a framework for future approaches to devise effective mitochondrial disease therapies.
Seamless Multimodal Transportation Scheduling (2018)

Ride-hailing services have expanded the role of shared mobility in passenger transportation systems, creating new markets and creative planning solutions for major urban centers. In this paper, we consider their use for the first-mile or last-mile passenger transportation in coordination with a mass transit service to provide a seamless multimodal transportation experience for the user. A system that provides passengers with predictable information on travel and waiting times in their commutes is immensely valuable. We envision that the passengers will inform the system of their desired travel and arrival windows so that the system can jointly optimize the schedules of passengers. The problem we study balances minimizing travel time and the number of trips taken by the last-mile vehicles, so that long-term planning, maintenance, and environmental impact are all taken into account. We focus on the case where the last-mile service aggregates passengers by destination. We show that this problem is NP-hard, and propose a decision diagram-based branch-and-price decomposition model that can solve instances of real-world size (10,000 passengers spread over an hour, 50 last-mile destinations, 600 last-mile vehicles) in computational time (~1 minute) that is orders-of-magnitude faster than other methods appearing in the literature. Our experiments also indicate that aggregating passengers by destination on the last-mile service provides high-quality solutions to more general settings.
TPV Power Source Using Infrared-Sensitive Cells with Commercially Available Radiant Tube Burner (2004)

Over the last several years, JX Crystals has invented and systematically developed the key components for thermophotovoltaic systems. These key components include GaSb infrared sensitive cells, high power density shingle circuits, dielectric filters, and hydrocarbon‐fueled radiant tube burners. Most recently, we invented and demonstrated an antireflection (AR)‐coated tungsten IR emitter which when integrated with the other key components should make TPV systems with efficiencies over 10% practical. However, the use of the AR tungsten emitter requires an oxygen‐free hermetic seal enclosure. During a 2003 Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase I contract, we integrated a tungsten emitter foil and a commercial SiC radiant tube burner within an emitter thermos and successfully demonstrated its operation at high temperature. We also designed a complete stand alone 500 W TPV generator. During the upcoming SBIR Phase II, we plan to implement this design in hardware.
Inhomogeneously broadened fiber-amplifier cascade for wavelength-multiplexed systems (1993)

The authors observe little or no accumulation of optical-power variations among wavelength-multiplexed signals as they traverse successive stages of a cooled, inhomogeneously broadened, erbium-doped fiber-amplifier cascade. The cascade instead exhibits separate automatic power regulation of each channel, decoupled from other channels, without the use of servo loops.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Molecular cloning and expression of mouse ceramide glucosyltransferase (1998)

Ceramide glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.80) catalyzes the first glycosylation step of glycosphingolipid (GSL) synthesis, the transfer of glucose from UDP-Glucose to hydrophobic ceramide and generate glucosylceramide (GlcCer). We have cloned mouse ceramide glucosyltransferase cDNA from a brain cDNA library by PCR based homology cloning. The nucleotide sequence determination revealed that mouse ceramide glucosyltransferase cDNA encodes 394 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 45 kDa. The amino acid sequence of mouse ceramide glucosyltransferase showed 98% identity with the human sequence. Homology searches against currently available databases identified three homologous proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans and one homologous protein in Cyanobacteria. Highly conserved sequences of ceramide glucosyltransferases and the homologs among a wide variety of organisms suggest biological significance of the lipid glucosylation system.
Copker: Computing with Private Keys without RAM (2014)

Cryptographic systems are essential for computer and communication security, for instance, RSA is used in PGP Email clients and AES is employed in full disk encryption. In practice, the cryptographic keys are loaded and stored in RAM as plain-text, and therefore vulnerable to physical memory attacks (e.g., cold-boot attacks). To tackle this problem, we propose Copker, which implements asymmetric cryptosystems entirely within the CPU, without storing plain-text private keys in the RAM. In its active mode, Copker stores kilobytes of sensitive data, including the private key and the intermediate states, only in onchip CPU caches (and registers). Decryption/signing operations are performed without storing sensitive information in system memory. In the suspend mode, Copker stores symmetrically encrypted private keys in memory, while employs existing solutions to keep the key-encryption key securely in CPU registers. Hence, Copker releases the system resources in the suspend mode. In this paper, we implement Copker with the most common asymmetric cryptosystem, RSA, with the support of multiple private keys. We show that Copker provides decryption/signing services that are secure against physical memory attacks. Meanwhile, with intensive experiments, we demonstrate that our implementation of Copker is secure and requires reasonable overhead. Keywords—Cache-as-RAM; cold-boot attack; key management; asymmetric cryptography implementation.
Novel microscope-integrated stereoscopic display for intrasurgical optical coherence tomography (2015)

The first generation of intrasurgical optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems displayed OCT data onto a separate computer monitor, requiring surgeons to look away from the surgical microscope. In order to provide real-time OCT feedback without requiring surgeons to look away during surgeries, recent prototype research and commercial intrasurgical OCT systems have integrated heads-up display (HUD) systems into the surgical microscopes to allow the surgeons to access the OCT data and the surgical field through the oculars concurrently. However, all current intrasurgical OCT systems with a HUD are only capable of imaging through one ocular limiting the surgeon’s depth perception of OCT volumes. Stereoscopy is an effective technology to dramatically increase depth perception by presenting an image from slightly different angles to each eye. Conventional stereoscopic HUD use a pair of micro displays which require bulky optics. Several new approaches for HUDs are reported to use only one micro display at the expense of image brightness or increased footprint. Therefore, these techniques for HUD are not suitable to be integrated into microscopes. We have developed a novel stereoscopic HUD which uses spatial multiplexing to project stereo views into both oculars simultaneously with only one micro-display and three optical elements for our microscope-integrated OCT system. Simultaneous stereoscopic views of OCT volumes are computed in real time by GPU-enabled OCT system software. We present, to our knowledge, the first microscope integrated stereoscopic HUD used for intrasurgical OCT with a novel optical design for stereoscopic viewing devices and report on its preliminary use in human vitreoretinal surgeries.
A perceptually-tuned image coder with Channel-Optimized Trellis-Coded Quantization (2003)

A system is presented for the compression of digital imagery over binary symmetric channels (BSC). The objective is to minimize the perceived distortion for a desired target bit rate. The proposed system utilizes wavelet decomposition, channel-optimized trellis-coded quantization (COTCQ), and a perceptually-tuned rate allocation scheme to control the quantization. Because of the inherent noise-robust properties of the COTCQ stage, no channel coding is employed. Additionally, the COTCQ design does not utilize entropy coding. Consequently, the proposed image coder is especially suitable for wireless transmission due to its reduced complexity and robustness to channel errors. Examples are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed image coding system.
Automatic synthesis of both the control law and parameters for a controller for a three-lag plant with five-second delay using genetic programming and simulation techniques (2000)

This paper describes how the process of synthesizing the design of both the topology (control law) and the numerical parameter values (tuning) for a controller can be automated using genetic programming. Genetic programming can be used to automatically make the decisions concerning the total number of signal processing blocks to be employed in a control, the type of each block, the interconnections between the blocks, and the values (tuning) of all parameters for all blocks requiring parameters. In synthesizing the design of controllers, genetic programming can simultaneously optimize prespecified performance metrics (such as minimizing the time required to bring the plant output to the desired value), satisfy time-domain constraints (such as overshoot and disturbance rejection), and satisfy frequency domain constraints. Evolutionary methods have the advantage of not being encumbered by preconceptions that limit its search to well-traveled paths. Genetic programming is applied to an illustrative problem involving the design of a controller for a three-lag plant with a significant (five-second) time delay in the external feedback from the plant to the controller. The delay in the feedback makes the design of an effective controller difficult.
A General Approach to Anionic Acid-Labile Surfactants with Tunable Properties (2010)

A general approach to the synthesis of a new series of unique sulfate anionic acid-labile surfactants (AALS) was developed. In this approach, the ketal was derived from methyl pyruvate, and the sulfate motif was introduced via sulfitylation of the alcohol, oxidation, and finally conversion of the sulfate diester to the desired sodium salt. The physicochemical properties in aqueous solution of this novel series of surfactants, such as CMCs, solubility, acid lability, and stability were studied.
Data Hiding with Tree Based Parity Check (2007)

In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm namely tree based parity check (TBPC) that can be applied to most of the existing data hiding algorithms to achieve improvement in visual quality. In data hiding process, distortion is created when the original image is modified. Most existing data hiding algorithms try to minimize the visual artifacts introduced by the modifications. The proposed algorithm tries to reduce the probability of modifying the original host image. Theoretical analysis and experimental results are given in this paper. Both measures suggest that an improvement in visual quality is achieved in the watermarked image.
Carbon-based printed contacts for organic thin-film transistors (2003)

Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) employing a flexible, conductive carbon particle-polymer composite material for the drain-source ohmic contacts are reported herein. The contacts can be deposited using standard stencil printing techniques and are processed at low temperature, thereby facilitating their integration with heat sensitive substrates. The carbon contacts were stencil printed on a silicon dioxide gate dielectric layer, and the poly(3-hexylthiophene) semiconductor was deposited via solution casting from toluene. The OTFTs exhibited field-effect behavior over a range of drain-source and gate voltages, similar to devices employing deposited gold contacts.
Nonlinear control of an active heave compensation system with time-delay (2010)

Crane systems used during offshore installations in harsh sea conditions must satisfy rigorous requirements in terms of safety and efficiency. The vertical vessel motion which is due to ocean waves excites dynamic forces which have an extensive effect on the overall crane structure and its lifetime. Furthermore, the operator gets handicapped during fine positioning of the payload. Thus, compensation systems for the vessel motion during offshore operations become more and more important in the near future. This paper presents such an active compensation system. The proposed system controls directly the hydraulic driven winch of an offshore crane to compensate the vertical vessel motion and to achieve trajectory tracking of the payload in an earth fixed coordinate frame. The control algorithm is divided into two parts. The first part is used to decouple the load's motion from the one of the vessel. The second part is designed for trajectory tracking and stabilization. It takes the time-delay between the winch and the payload, which is due to very long rope lengths used in deep water lifting operations, into account. The active heave compensation approach is evaluated with simulation results.
Initiator‐Free Natural Light‐Driven Vapor Phase Synthesis of a Porous Network of 3D Polystyrene Branched Carbon Nanofiber Grafted Polyurethane for Hexane /Water Separation (2018)

Abstract A unique approach of vapor phase polymerization is introduced to synthesize a 3D porous network of polystyrene branched carbon nanofiber on polyurethane (CNF/PS) using natural light (NL) initiation. The introduced natural light vapor phase polymerization of the styrene in the confined reactor containing CNF grafted PU offers a porous network with substantial stability. The natural light in a confined reactor performed two major functions. Its first role was to vaporize the styrene by increasing the reactor temperature and, in the second step, it generated styrene radicals. The radical styrene in vapor phase reacted with CNF to produce polystyrene branches by generating active sites on CNF. Without CNF, the polymerization on polyurethane (PU) provided a very delicate and fragile surface; however, CNF reinforced the 3D porous structure and provided active sites for radical polymerization. After polymerization, the surface area of the PU was substantially increased from 9 to 184 m 2 /g and the pore size was decreased from 2567 to 10 Å. The 3D porous network of natural light assisted polystyrene branched carbon nanofiber supported PU (3D‐NL‐PS/CNF/PU) provided a highly hydrophobic surface with a high water contact angle of ≈148±3°. The prepared 3D network was found to be highly oleophilic and provided rapid gravity driven separation of hexane and water without using any external force.
Athermal glass for the infrared (1991)

Refractive indices of four CLAP glass systems are measured at room temperature and at higher temperatures in the wavelength range of 0.4-5.5 microm. The coefficients of temperature changes of optical path lengths are calculated and are <1 x 10(-6)/ degrees C in the wavelength range longer than 1microm. This suggests an athermal glass application in the infrared ray region.