gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Syntheses of isomeric cyanobiphenyl‐substituted polysiloxanes for stationary phases in gas chromatography (1992)

Abstract Nine isomeric cyanobiphenyl‐substituted polysiloxanes were synthesized using a four‐step procedure and tested as stationary phases in open tubular column gas chromatography.
Inherent Self-Interference Cancellation for In-Band Full-Duplex Single-Antenna Systems (2018)

We propose a new analog self-interference cancellation (SIC) technique for in-band full-duplex transmission in single-antenna systems. We use an RF circulator to separate transmitted (Tx) and received (Rx) signals. Instead of estimating the SI signals and subtracting them from the Rx signals, we use the inherent secondary SI signals at the circulator, reflected by the antenna, to cancel the primary SI signals leaked from the Tx port to the Rx port. We modified the frequency response of the secondary SI signals using a reconfigurable impedance mismatched terminal (IMT) circuit, which consists of two varactor diodes at the antenna port. We can also adjust the frequency band and the bandwidth by controlling the varactor diodes bias voltages. The IMT adjustability makes it robust to antenna input impedance variations and fabrication errors. We analyze and fabricate a prototype of the proposed technique at 2.45 GHz. We achieved more than 40-dB cancellation over 65 MHz of bandwidth. Our technique is independent of the RF circulator and antenna type and it can be applied to any frequency band. It is also very relevant to small mobile devices because it provides a simple and low-power and low-cost adjustable analog SIC technique.
Differential ultra-wideband (DUWB) for accurate indoor position estimation: Basic concept and simulation results (2013)

We introduce the concept of differential positioning to increase the accuracy of indoor position estimation using ultrawideband (UWB) time of arrival (TOA) signals. Knowledge about common errors can be learned by employment of a reference source, where the difference between its known and estimated position (differential operation in solution domain), or the difference between the known and measured ranges (differential operation in measurement domain), provides useful information to reduce the error in estimating the position of the target source. Simulation results confirm the superiority of differential operation over traditional non-differential methods.
New Nanometer T-Gate Fabricated by Thermally Reflowed Resist Technique (2002)

Novel nanometer T-gate process has been developed utilizing electron beam (EB) lithography and thermally reflowed resist technique. Through well-controlled EB exposure dosage, heating time and reflow temperature, the resist structures can be efficiently reflowed to form the desired T-gate configuration with dimension ranging from 150 nm to 30 nm. After Ti/Pt/Au metal deposition by electron gun evaporation and lift-off process, the nanometer T-gates with thickness of about 500 nm were formed. With the optimized conditions, ultra-short 30 nm T-shaped gate was clearly demonstrated on the GaAs substrate. This is the smallest T-gate reported with the thermally reflowed technique in the literature so far and can practically be used in the GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) fabrications.
Tracking Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation: A Novel Approach (2018)

Our results indicate the potential utility of ScvO2 and eUBBF to track the hemodynamic response to AVF maturation. To what extent these insights translate into shortening of the time between AVF creation and successful cannulation warrants further investigations.
Removal of Plutonium from Mouse Liver by Glucan and DTPA (1973)

M. W. Rosenthal, H. Brown, D. L. Chladek, E. S. Moretti, J. J. Russell, A. Lindenbaum, Removal of Plutonium from Mouse Liver by Glucan and DTPA, Radiation Research, Vol. 53, No. 1 (Jan., 1973), pp. 102-114
A New Ballasted Floating Support for Offshore Wind Turbine (2014)

In the framework of the developments of renewable marine energy and especially offshore wind energy, different design options of floating support have already been presented in the community such as barge-type, spar-type or semi-submersible-type floating structures. In the present paper, a study conducted by IFPEN is presented in order to design of a new floating platform concept dedicated to a multi-megawatt wind turbine. The design of the concept consists in a circular platform ballasted with water and concrete, anchored to the sea bed through a spread mooring system and designed to accommodate a multi-megawatt (in the range of 5 to 8 MW) offshore wind turbine. The paper focuses on the methodology used in the conceptual and preliminary design phases and then on the major results obtained on the performance of the concept for a wide range of design load cases. The results, at current level, show that the concept is viable and interesting, and that the design can be improved further while requiring some additional validation.
<title>Expression ratio statistics and its applications to microarray data analysis</title> (2000)

Microarray technology makes it possible to monitor expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously during single or multiple experiments. Routinely, in order to analyze gene expressions level quantitatively, two fluorescent-labeled RNAs are hybridized to an array of cDNA probes on a glass slide. Ratios of gene expression levels arising from two co-hybridized samples are obtained through image segmentation and signal detection methods. During the past three years, we have developed a gene expression analysis system in which ratio statistics have been applied to expression analysis, and a ratio confidence interval has been established to identify ratio outliers.
Nanopeapods by Galvanic Displacement Reaction (2010)

Like peas in a pod: Galvanic displacement of electrodeposited multisegmented nanowires was used to synthesize nanopeapod structures at room temperature (see scheme). Depending on the redox potential of the displacement process, a variety of nanopeapod materials could be prepared, e.g., semiconductor/metal, p-type/n-type, metal/metal, ferromagnetic/nonmagnetic materials. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Method and apparatus for controlling the intensity of a laser ouput beam (1978)

The output beam of a laser tube is modulated between a maximum intensity (lase) and minimum (no-lase) intensity levels by varying the laser tube current between corresponding values. The device for controlling the output beam comprises a single transistor provided in the current path of the laser tube, the current therethrough being controlled, or modulated, to provide the modulated laser beam. The device is capable of operating in a plurality of modes. In the preferred mode, an analog signal is coupled to the transistor control circurity whereby the laser beam intensity is linearly modulated between the maximum and minimum levels to provide a laser beam having grey scale capabilities.
Fluorescence spectroscopy of the cervix: Influence of acetic acid, cervical mucus, and vaginal medications (1999)

Acetic acid appears to increase the differences in fluorescence emission spectra of normal and pre-cancerous cervical tissues; thus, its use is beneficial. The presence of cervical mucus can possibly interfere with the collection of fluorescence spectra for tissue classification. Patients should not use vaginal preparations during the 48 hours prior to tissue fluorescence measurements.
Disruption of theSaccharomyces cerevisiae YAP3 gene reduces the proteolytic degradation of secreted recombinant human albumin (1998)

Expression of recombinant human albumin (rHA) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae resulted in secretion of both mature albumin and a 45 kDa degradation product, comprising an N-terminal fragment of rHA with heterogeneous C-termini between residues 403 and 409 (Geisow et al., 1991). Site-directed mutagenesis of the human albumin gene (HA) to change Arg410 to Ala (R410A) caused a significant reduction in the amount of fragment produced. Mutation of the adjacent dibasic site Lys413 Lys414 had little effect in isolation, but in combination with the R410A mutation resulted in a further reduction in the amount of rHA fragment produced. This reduction could be duplicated with nature-identical rHA by disruption of the gene for an aspartyl protease (YAP3), alone or in conjunction with disruption of the KEX2 gene. Disruption of KEX2 alone did not result in any improvement in the degree of degradation of the rHA. Reduced degradation was also observed when an rHA-human growth hormone fusion protein was secreted from a yap3 strain, suggesting that such strains may have a general utility for heterologous protein secretion.
Advances in nanosized zeolites (2013)

This review highlights recent developments in the synthesis of nanosized zeolites. The strategies available for their preparation (organic-template assisted, organic-template free, and alternative procedures) are discussed. Major breakthroughs achieved by the so-called zeolite crystal engineering and encompass items such as mastering and using the physicochemical properties of the precursor synthesis gel/suspension, optimizing the use of silicon and aluminium precursor sources, the rational use of organic templates and structure-directing inorganic cations, and careful adjustment of synthesis conditions (temperature, pressure, time, heating processes from conventional to microwave and sonication) are addressed. An on-going broad and deep fundamental understanding of the crystallization process, explaining the influence of all variables of this complex set of reactions, underpins an even more rational design of nanosized zeolites with exceptional properties. Finally, the advantages and limitations of these methods are addressed with particular attention to their industrial prospects and utilization in existing and advanced applications.
Linear computational complexity decoding for semi orthogonal full rate space time codes (2011)

Communication with low complexity decoding is an important attribute for many applications. From low cost, distributed sensors arrays with desirably long operative life to ultra smart handheld battery operated devices, low complexity decoding results in better power consumption and simpler hardware implementation. In this paper a linear decoding complexity is applied and analyzed to the semi-orthogonal space time codes which are rate 1 codes originated from a regular orthogonal space time codes. The proposed transmission and decoding schemes are very appealing in the sense that they improve the code rate of the orthogonal codes family, yet, maintain its simple, symbol by symbol decoding with no filter calculation complexity overhead. In addition, a performance boosting modifications are suggested and investigated for the basic transmission and decoding schemes under different system settings such as the availability of limited feedback and multiple receiving antennas.
Kinase‐Deficient CMVpp65 Triggers a CMVpp65 Specific T‐Cell Immune Response in HLA‐A*0201.K<sup>b</sup> Transgenic Mice after DNA Immunization (2002)

CMVpp65, a candidate component of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccines, has phosphokinase (PK) activity that could affect vaccine safety. A mutated form of CMVpp65 substituting asparagine for lysine at the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding site (CMVpp65mII) is kinase-deficient. Using DNA immunizations in a transgenic human leucocyte antigen (HLA)A*0201.Kb mouse model, the mutated CMVpp65 induced cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) immunity similarly to native CMVpp65. Murine CTL lines generated from these immunizations killed human cells either after sensitization with CMVpp65-specific peptides or after infection with either CMV-Towne strain or rvac-pp65. It is proposed that CMVpp65mII be evaluated in candidate vaccines for CMV.
Bistable bend-splay liquid crystal display (2004)

A bistable liquid crystal display based on the bend and splay configurations has been demonstrated. This display can be switched between the bend and splay deformation in a three-electrode configuration and has infinite bistable lifetime. It also has wide viewing angles, excellent contrast ratios, and very fast selection. Selection electric pulse duration of 50μs can be used to switch this display, implying the possibility of a high information content applications.
Sonora: A Platform for Continuous Mobile-Cloud Computing (2012)

This paper presents Sonora, a platform for mobile-cloud computing. Sonora is designed to support the development and execution of continuous mobile-cloud services. To this end, Sonora provides developers with stream-based programming interfaces that coherently integrate a broad range of existing techniques from mobile, database, and distributed systems. These range from support for disconnected operation to relational and event-driven models. Sonora’s execution engine is a fault-tolerant distributed runtime that supports user-facing continuous sensing and processing services in the cloud. Key features of this engine are its dynamic load balancing mechanisms, and a novel failure recovery protocol that performs checkpoint-based partial rollback recovery with selective re-execution. To illustrate the relevance and power of the stream abstraction in describing complex mobile-cloud services we evaluate Sonora’s design in the context of two services. We also validate Sonora’s design, demonstrating that Sonora is efficient, scalable, and provides responsive fault tolerance.
Composite approach towards layered hybrid perovskites: Implications on band alignment and quantum and dielectric Confinements (2018)

Layered hybrid perovskites have recently re-emerged as potential technological viable solutions for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. Their environmental stability and immunity to moisture coupled to their exciting optoelectronic properties, have given them a new opportunity in the search of efficient solar cell and light emitting devices1,2. Understanding their fundamental optical and electronic properties will be important for optimization. To this aim, we present a systematic theoretical method that considers layered perovskites as composite materials3 in which band alignment between the perovskite and organic layers becomes affordable. Such an alignment is an important performance criterion in the operation of optoelectronic devices. We investigate effects such as the thickness of the perovskite well, its chemical composition and the length of the organic barrier on the confinement potentials. Moreover, we extend the method to inspect dielectric profiles with the salient feature of allowing the clear identification of the contributions of the perovskite and organic layers to the total dielectric profile. Finally, with the insight gained from the different effects on band alignments, we propose design guidelines with the aim of achieving efficient optoelectronic devices. Hence, using the composite approach, we establish alternative theoretical methods to investigate the properties of layered perovskites and forecast that the approach will be relevant to inspect other 2D materials
Ultracompliant Heterogeneous Copper–Tin Nanowire Arrays Making a Supersolder (2018)

Due to the substantial increase in power density, thermal interface resistance that can constitute more than 50% of the total thermal resistance has generally become a bottleneck for thermal management in electronics. However, conventional thermal interface materials (TIMs) such as solder, epoxy, gel, and grease cannot fulfill the requirements of electronics for high-power and long-term operation. Here, we demonstrate a high-performance TIM consisting of a heterogeneous copper-tin nanowire array, which we term "supersolder" to emulate the role of conventional solders in bonding various surfaces. The supersolder is ultracompliant with a shear modulus 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than traditional solders and can reduce the thermal resistance by two times as compared with the state-of-the-art TIMs. This supersolder also exhibits excellent long-term reliability with >1200 thermal cycles over a wide temperature range. By resolving this critical thermal bottleneck, the supersolder enables electronic systems, ranging from microelectronics and portable electronics to massive data centers, to operate at lower temperatures with higher power density and reliability.
Novel Nanostructured Paper with Ultrahigh Transparency and Ultrahigh Haze for Solar Cells (2013)

Solar cell substrates require high optical transparency but also prefer high optical haze to increase the light scattering and consequently the absorption in the active materials. Unfortunately, there is a trade-off between these optical properties, which is exemplified by common transparent paper substrates exhibiting a transparency of about 90% yet a low optical haze (<20%). In this work, we introduce a novel transparent paper made of wood fibers that displays both ultrahigh optical transparency (∼ 96%) and ultrahigh haze (∼ 60%), thus delivering an optimal substrate design for solar cell devices. Compared to previously demonstrated nanopaper composed of wood-based cellulose nanofibers, our novel transparent paper has better dual performance in transmittance and haze but also is fabricated at a much lower cost. This high-performance, low-cost transparent paper is a potentially revolutionary material that may influence a new generation of environmentally friendly printed electronics.
Inhibition of Group IVA Cytosolic Phospholipase A<sub>2</sub>by Novel 2-Oxoamides in Vitro, in Cells, and in Vivo (2004)

The Group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (GIVA PLA(2)) is a particularly attractive target for drug development because it is the rate-limiting provider of proinflammatory mediators. We previously reported the discovery of novel 2-oxoamides that inhibit GIVA PLA(2) [Kokotos, G.; et al. J. Med. Chem. 2002, 45, 2891-2893]. In the present work, we have further explored this class of inhibitors and found that the 2-oxoamide functionality is more potent when it contains a long 2-oxoacyl residue and a free carboxy group. Long-chain 2-oxoamides based on gamma-aminobutyric acid and gamma-norleucine are potent inhibitors of GIVA PLA(2). Such inhibitors act through a fast and reversible mode of inhibition in vitro, are able to block the production of arachidonic acid and prostaglandin E(2) in cells, and demonstrate potent in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.
Survey on secure search over encrypted data on the cloud (2019)

Summary Cloud computing has become a potential resource for businesses and individuals to outsource their data to remote but highly accessible servers. However, the potential of cloud services has not been fully realized due to users concerns about data privacy and security. User‐side encryption techniques can be employed to mitigate the security concerns, but once the data is encrypted, no processing (eg, searching) can be performed on the outsourced data. Searchable Encryption (SE) techniques have been widely studied to enable searching on the data while they are encrypted. These techniques enable various types of search on the encrypted data and offer different levels of security. While these techniques enable different search types and vary in details, they share similarities in their components and architectures. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on different secure search techniques, a high‐level architecture for these systems, and an analysis of their performance and security level.
<title>Hybrid scintillators for x-ray imaging</title> (1996)

The objective of this effort is to improve x-ray absorption and light production while maintaining high spatial resolution in x-ray imaging phosphor screens. Our current target is to improve screen absorption efficiency and screen brightness by factors of 2 or greater over existing screens that have 10-1p/mm resolution. In this program, commercial phosphor screens are combined with highly absorbing, high-resolution scintillating fiber-optic (SFO) face plates to provide a hybrid sensor that exhibits superior spatial resolution, x-ray absorption, and brightness values over the phosphor material alone. These characteristics of hybrid scintillators can be adjusted to meet specific x-ray imaging requirements over a wide range of x-ray energy. This paper discusses the design, fabrication, and testing of a new series of hybrid scintillators.
Cascades of Regression Tree Fields for Image Restoration (2015)

Conditional random fields (CRFs) are popular discriminative models for computer vision and have been successfully applied in the domain of image restoration, especially to image denoising. For image deblurring, however, discriminative approaches have been mostly lacking. We posit two reasons for this: First, the blur kernel is often only known at test time, requiring any discriminative approach to cope with considerable variability. Second, given this variability it is quite difficult to construct suitable features for discriminative prediction. To address these challenges we first show a connection between common half-quadratic inference for generative image priors and Gaussian CRFs. Based on this analysis, we then propose a cascade model for image restoration that consists of a Gaussian CRF at each stage. Each stage of our cascade is semi-parametric, i.e., it depends on the instance-specific parameters of the restoration problem, such as the blur kernel. We train our model by loss minimization with synthetically generated training data. Our experiments show that when applied to non-blind image deblurring, the proposed approach is efficient and yields state-of-the-art restoration quality on images corrupted with synthetic and real blur. Moreover, we demonstrate its suitability for image denoising, where we achieve competitive results for grayscale and color images.
Investigating digital optical computing with spatial light rebroadcasters (1991)

Spatial light rebroadcasters (SLRs), consisting of thin films of luminescing electron trapping materials, are explored for digital optical computing. The status of optical computing is reviewed briefly. SLRs are characterized in detail; fabrication, sensitivity, linearity, speed, resolution, and modulation. A number of optical experiments are described that were conducted to determine the device effectiveness, applications for which the devices are best suited, and the direction for research to develop more useful devices. Optical experiments with basic SLR modules include a cascadable module, binary matrix-vector multiplier, and correlator. The basic modules were then used in memory, adder, interconnection, and learning experiments. These experiments show that the SLR has potential for digital optical computing, particularly where high density long term storage is required. However, the lack of gain, incoherent output, and lot output signal, means that other collaborative devices are needed which limit the performance. Future directions are discussed.