gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sensorimotor integration in the whisker somatosensory brain stem trigeminal loop (2019)

The rodent's vibrissal system is a useful model system for studying sensorimotor integration in perception. This integration determines the way in which sensory information is acquired by sensory organs and the motor commands that control them. The initial instance of sensorimotor integration in the whisker somatosensory system is implemented in the brain stem loop and may be essential to the way rodents explore and sense their environment. To examine the nature of these sensorimotor interactions, we recorded from lightly anesthetized rats in vivo and brain stem slices in vitro and isolated specific parts of this loop. We found that motor feedback to the vibrissal pad serves as a dynamic gain controller that controls the response of first-order sensory neurons by increasing and decreasing sensitivity to lower and higher tactile stimulus magnitudes, respectively. This delicate mechanism is mediated through tactile stimulus magnitude-dependent motor feedback. Conversely, tactile inputs affect the motor whisking output through influences on the rhythmic whisking circuitry, thus changing whisking kinetics. Similarly, tactile influences also modify the whisking amplitude through synaptic and intrinsic neuronal interaction in the facial nucleus, resulting in facilitation or suppression of whisking amplitude. These results point to the vast range of mechanisms underlying sensorimotor integration in the brain stem loop.<b>NEW & NOTEWORTHY</b> Sensorimotor integration is a process in which sensory and motor information is combined to control the flow of sensory information, as well as to adjust the motor system output. We found in the rodent's whisker somatosensory system mutual influences between tactile inputs and motor output, in which motor neurons control the flow of sensory information depending on their magnitude. Conversely, sensory information can control the magnitude and kinetics of whisker movement.
Joint Adaptive Compensation of Transmitter and Receiver IQ Imbalance Under Carrier Frequency Offset in OFDM-Based Systems (2007)

Zero-intermediate frequency (IF)-based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitters and receivers are gaining a lot of interest because of their potential to enable low-cost terminals. However, such systems suffer from front-end impairments such as in-phase/quadrature-phase (IQ) imbalance which may have a huge impact on the performance. Moreover, since OFDM is very sensitive to a carrier frequency offset, this distortion needs to be taken into account in the derivation and analysis of any IQ imbalance estimation/compensation scheme. In this paper, the effect of both transmitter and receiver IQ imbalance under carrier frequency offset in an OFDM system is studied and an algorithm is developed to compensate for such distortions in the digital domain. The algorithm involved is a very efficient post-FFT adaptive equalization which is shown to lead to near ideal compensation.
Effort-Aware Defect Prediction Models (2010)

Defect Prediction Models aim at identifying error-prone modules of a software system to guide quality assurance activities such as tests or code reviews. Such models have been actively researched for more than a decade, with more than 100 published research papers. However, most of the models proposed so far have assumed that the cost of applying quality assurance activities is the same for each module. In a recent paper, we have shown that this fact can be exploited by a trivial classifier ordering files just by their size: such a classifier performs surprisingly good, at least when effort is ignored during the evaluation. When effort is considered, many classifiers perform not significantly better than a random selection of modules. In this paper, we compare two different strategies to include treatment effort into the prediction process, and evaluate the predictive power of such models. Both models perform significantly better when the evaluation measure takes the effort into account.
Real-time optoacoustic monitoring of the temperature of the retina during laser therapy (2014)

Laser coagulation of the retina carries risk of damaging the neuroretina because of variation of the beam power and of the local pigmentation of the retinal pigmented epithelium and the choroid. The degree of coagulation depends on the induced temperature rise and the exposure time. Laser retinotherapy with optoacoustic monitoring of the temperature provides reproducible ophthalmologically invisible (subthreshold) damage of the retina in a wide range of laser power, regardless of local changes of the tissue structure. Optoacoustic temperature measurements are based on the excitation of a pressure wave in the retinal tissue by repeated low-energy probe laser pulses. The amplitude of the pressure signal, which can be detected by means of an acoustic transducer incorporated in a laser contact lens, correlates with the temperature of the tissue. This paper discusses promising directions of the use in clinical practice of real-time optoacoustic temperature monitoring of the retina during laser therapy in various irradiation regimes.
Micrandilactone A:  A Novel Triterpene from <i>Schisandra </i><i>m</i><i>icrantha</i> (2003)

[structure: see text] A novel nortriterpene, micrandilactone A, was isolated from the medicinal plant Schisandra micrantha. This is the first example of an unusual, natural, highly oxidized cycloartane skeleton with a biosynthetically modified eight-membered ring D isolated from the family Schisandraceae.
A Magnetic Suspension Theory and Its Application to the HeartQuest Ventricular Assist Device (2002)

Motivated by the design of the HeartQuest magnetically levitated left ventricular assist device, closed form expressions have been developed to compute forces and stiffnesses of magnetic suspensions. The theory applies to any combination of concentric permanent magnet rings, and its accuracy and versatility were verified by experiments. The equations adapt to spreadsheet implementation and numerical optimization, providing a powerful tool of optimal design of magnetically levitated ventricular assist devices (VADs). The method was applied to the development of the HeartQuest VAD which achieved remarkable compactness and stable operation.
Impact of high-/spl kappa/ dielectric HfO/sub 2/ on the mobility and device performance of sub-100-nm nMOSFETs (2005)

Scaling of Si MOSFETs beyond the 90-nm technology node requires performance boosters in order to satisfy the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors requirements for drive current in high-performance transistors. Amongst the preferred near term solutions are transport enhanced FETs utilizing strained Si (SSi) channels. Additionally, high-/spl kappa/ dielectrics are expected to replace SiO/sub 2/ around or after the 45-nm node to reduce the gate leakage current problem, facilitating further scaling. However, aside from the many technological issues such as trapped charge and partial crystallization of the dielectric, both of which are major issues limiting the reliability and device performance of devices employing high-/spl kappa/ gate stacks, a fundamental drawback of MOSFETs with high-/spl kappa/ dielectrics is the mobility degradation due to strong soft optical phonon scattering. In this work we study the impact of soft optical phonon scattering on the mobility and device performance of conventional and strained Si n-MOSFETs with high-/spl kappa/ dielectrics using a self-consistent Poisson Ensemble Monte Carlo device simulator, with effective gate lengths of 67 and 25-nm. Additionally we have also briefly investigated the effect (the percentage change) that a trapped charge within the gate oxide will have on the drive current for both a SiO/sub 2/ oxide and an equivalent oxide thickness of high-/spl kappa/ dielectric.
Pronacera Therapeutics. From the Company to the Scientific Entrepeneurship's or vice versa (2016)

Motivation: Focused on unusual clinical analysis serving the personalized requirements of people with rare diseases. Pronacera Therapeutics focuses its activity in rare diseases. The Company is constituted by a multidisciplinary team with a marked experience in apoptosis, mitochondrial and lysosomal diseases. Our company’s vision is not an impediment to also let us to make the most of possible products or leading and high market value services which appear on our daily research activity. Thus the Pronacera pipeline has a full branch of products and services which are the result of the technology transfer of the patentable products of the researchers group's with wich Pronacera has a collaboration agreement to achieve the launching of its technologies into the market. The main goal of this session is to show a REAL aproximation of your future expectatives inside the biotech sector in Spain and around the World through Pronacera Therapeutics and my own expirience.
Compressive epsilon photography for post-capture control in digital imaging (2014)

A traditional camera requires the photographer to select the many parameters at capture time. While advances in light field photography have enabled post-capture control of focus and perspective, they suffer from several limitations including lower spatial resolution, need for hardware modifications, and restrictive choice of aperture and focus setting. In this paper, we propose "compressive epsilon photography," a technique for achieving complete post-capture control of focus and aperture in a traditional camera by acquiring a carefully selected set of 8 to 16 images and computationally reconstructing images corresponding to all other focus-aperture settings. We make the following contributions: first, we learn the statistical redundancies in focal-aperture stacks using a Gaussian Mixture Model; second, we derive a greedy sampling strategy for selecting the best focus-aperture settings; and third, we develop an algorithm for reconstructing the entire focal-aperture stack from a few captured images. As a consequence, only a burst of images with carefully selected camera settings are acquired. Post-capture, the user can then select any focal-aperture setting of choice and the corresponding image can be rendered using our algorithm. We show extensive results on several real data sets.
Electron Transfer Dissociation (ETD) of Peptides Containing Intrachain Disulfide Bonds (2011)

The fragmentation chemistry of peptides containing intrachain disulfide bonds was investigated under electron transfer dissociation (ETD) conditions. Fragments within the cyclic region of the peptide backbone due to intrachain disulfide bond formation were observed, including: c (odd electron), z (even electron), c-33 Da, z+33 Da, c+32 Da, and z-32 Da types of ions. The presence of these ions indicated cleavages both at the disulfide bond and the N-Cα backbone from a single electron transfer event. Mechanistic studies supported a mechanism whereby the N-Cα bond was cleaved first, and radical-driven reactions caused cleavage at either an S-S bond or an S-C bond within cysteinyl residues. Direct ETD at the disulfide linkage was also observed, correlating with signature loss of 33 Da (SH) from the charge-reduced peptide ions. Initial ETD cleavage at the disulfide bond was found to be promoted amongst peptides ions of lower charge states, while backbone fragmentation was more abundant for higher charge states. The capability of inducing both backbone and disulfide bond cleavages from ETD could be particularly useful for sequencing peptides containing intact intrachain disulfide bonds. ETD of the 13 peptides studied herein all showed substantial sequence coverage, accounting for 75%-100% of possible backbone fragmentation.
The Solubility of Some Azafullerene Derivatives (1999)

Abstract Several fulleroaziridines, azafulleroids and chiral cage-opened ketolactams were synthesized from alkyl azides and C60. Their solubility in various solvents was evaluated by HPLC. It depends both on the starting azide and the linker group. Moreover, the formation of two sp3 carbons (entries 2) and then of carbonyl derivatives (entries 3) induces a decrease of the polarizability of the C60 moiety and an enhancement of the solubility in lipophilic solvents.
Deep Facial Action Unit Recognition from Partially Labeled Data (2017)

Current work on facial action unit (AU) recognition requires AU-labeled facial images. Although large amounts of facial images are readily available, AU annotation is expensive and time consuming. To address this, we propose a deep facial action unit recognition approach learning from partially AU-labeled data. The proposed approach makes full use of both partly available ground-truth AU labels and the readily available large scale facial images without annotation. Specifically, we propose to learn label distribution from the ground-truth AU labels, and then train the AU classifiers from the large-scale facial images by maximizing the log likelihood of the mapping functions of AUs with regard to the learnt label distribution for all training data and minimizing the error between predicted AUs and ground-truth AUs for labeled data simultaneously. A restricted Boltzmann machine is adopted to model AU label distribution, a deep neural network is used to learn facial representation from facial images, and the support vector machine is employed as the classifier. Experiments on two benchmark databases demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Lithium conductivity in glasses of the Li<sub>2</sub>O–Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–SiO<sub>2</sub>system (2014)

To improve the understanding of Li-dynamics in oxide glasses, i.e. the effect of [AlO4](-) tetrahedra and non-bridging oxygens on the potential landscape, electrical conductivity of seven fully polymerized and partly depolymerized lithium aluminosilicate glasses was investigated using impedance spectroscopy (IS). Lithium is the only mobile particle in these materials. Data derived from IS, i.e. activation energies, pre-exponential factors and diffusivities for lithium, are interpreted in light of Raman spectroscopic analyses of local structures in order to identify building units, which are crucial for lithium dynamics and migration. In polymerized glasses (compositional join LiAlSiO4-LiAlSi4O10) the direct current (DC) electrical conductivity continuously increases with increasing lithium content while lithium diffusivity is not affected by the Al/Si ratio in the glasses. Hence, the increase in electrical conductivity can be solely assigned to lithium concentration in the glasses. An excess of Li with respect to Al, i.e. the introduction of non-bridging oxygen into the network, causes a decrease in lithium mobility in the glasses. Activation energies in polymerized glasses (66 to 70 kJ mol(-1)) are significantly lower than those in depolymerized networks (76 to 78 kJ mol(-1)) while pre-exponential factors are nearly constant across all compositions. Comparison of the data with results for lithium silicates from the literature indicates a minimum in lithium diffusivity for glasses containing both aluminium tetrahedra and non-bridging oxygens. The findings allow a prediction of DC conductivity for a large variety of lithium aluminosilicate glass compositions.
Nonribosomal Peptide Synthesis—Principles and Prospects (2017)

Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are large multienzyme machineries that assemble numerous peptides with large structural and functional diversity. These peptides include more than 20 marketed drugs, such as antibacterials (penicillin, vancomycin), antitumor compounds (bleomycin), and immunosuppressants (cyclosporine). Over the past few decades biochemical and structural biology studies have gained mechanistic insights into the highly complex assembly line of nonribosomal peptides. This Review provides state-of-the-art knowledge on the underlying mechanisms of NRPSs and the variety of their products along with detailed analysis of the challenges for future reprogrammed biosynthesis. Such a reprogramming of NRPSs would immediately spur chances to generate analogues of existing drugs or new compound libraries of otherwise nearly inaccessible compound structures.
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of mitochondrially coded subunit genes of cytochrome c oxidase in five chicken breeds (2008)

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) plays important roles in oxidative phosphorylation regulation and oxygen sensing transfer. In the present study, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three mitochondrially coded subunit genes of COX were identified with the technique of single-strand conformation polymorphism in Tibet Chicken and four lowland chicken breeds-Dongxiang Chicken, Silky Chicken, Hubbard ISA White broiler, and Leghorn layer. In total, 14 SNPs were identified in the three genes of COX of the five chicken breeds, and 13 haplotypes were defined for the 14 SNPs. This work will afford reference for the further study on the association of COX with the adaptation to hypoxia.
Cyclic AMP-dependent protein phosphorylation in canine renal brush-border membrane vesicles is associated with decreased phosphate transport. (1982)

It is known that the administration of parathyroid hormone to dogs results in phosphaturia and decreased phosphate transport in brush-border vesicles isolated from the kidneys of those dogs. Parathyroid hormone has been shown to activate adenylate cyclase at the basal-lateral membrane of the renal proximal tubular cell. It has been postulated that parathyroid hormone-induced phosphaturia is effected through phosphorylation of brush-border protein by membrane-bound cAMP-dependent protein kinase. An experimental system was designed such that phosphorylation of brush-border vesicles and Na+-stimulated solute transport could be studied in the same preparations. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of membrane vesicles revealed cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of 2 protein bands (Mr = 96,000 and 62,000), which was enhanced by exposure of the inside of the membrane vesicles to ATP and cAMP. Cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation of brush-border vesicles was accompanied by inhibition of Na+-stimulated Pi but not D-glucose transport or 22Na+ uptake. When renal brush-border vesicles from parathyroidectomized and normal dogs were phosphorylated in vitro in the presence and absence of cAMP, both the cAMP-dependent phosphorylation and inhibition of Na+-stimulated Pi transport were greater in vesicles isolated from kidneys of parathyroidectomized dogs relative to control animals. We conclude that the cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of brush-border membrane-vesicle proteins is associated with specific inhibition of Na+-stimulated Pi transport. The phosphaturic action of parathyroid hormone (PTH) could be mediated through the cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of specific brush-border membrane proteins.
Photoluminescent properties of Prussian Blue (PB) nanoshells and polypyrrole (PPy)/PB core/shell nanoparticles prepared via miniemulsion (periphery) polymerization (2011)

We fabricated PPy/PB core/shell nanoparticles via one-step miniemulsion polymerization using a metallosurfactant of EPE-Fe. The defined hollow structure endows PB nanoshells with an emission band at 612 nm. On incorporating PPy inside PB shells, a blue shift and enhanced fluorescence were observed due to charge transfer from PPy to PB.
Spreading Diagrams for the Optimization of Quill Pin Printed Microarray Density (2002)

The printed feature size from a quill pin microarraying system was characterized to predict optimal microarray density from common experimental variables of pin size, solution viscosity, and surface wettability. Features containing fluorescent dye were printed from two solvent systems, glycerol in water and sucrose in water, and observed over a wide range of solute concentrations and substrate wettabilities. Observed feature spreading was used to generate spreading diagrams that predict printed microarray feature dimensions from the water contact angle of the substrate, the size of the printing pin, and the viscosity (or wt % solute) of the printing buffer. In general, feature size was observed to increase with substrate wettability and solution viscosity. A simple model was developed to predict feature density as a function of the above variables.
The Evaluatıon of the Socio-Psychological Expectations of the Turkish Female Athletes (2019)

\n \n\n\nABSTRACT\n\n\nWoman who practice sports professionally are under constant pressure in terms of profession and cultural and social environment. Recently there is a breakthrough in terms of about female body. The studies reveal that today, females are just as involved in muscle gain behaviours as men. There is a new trend for female athletes to participate in non-lean sports. Traditional emphasis on slim female figures is changing in the modern world.Displaying muscular male and female figures became quite common on media lately. There is concrete argument that female athletes practicing non-lean sports experience less body dissatisfaction compared to lean sports athletes. Practice of non-lean sports is a new focus for females in terms of breaking down social body perceptions, proving their potentials, gaining status and improving confidence.\n
Treatment of diversion colitis by short-chain fatty acids (1991)

Diminished production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) by altered flora has been suggested in the pathogenesis of diversion colitis (DC). We evaluated prospectively the effectiveness of SCFA irrigation in 13 patients with excluded colon (eight males, five females; mean age, 48 years). The causes of diversion were inflammatory bowel disease (n = 4), colonic cancer (n = 2), sigmoid diverticulitis with perforation (n = 3), ischiorectal abscess (n = 2), and miscellaneous (n = 2). Patients were given, twice a day for 14 days in a double-blind manner, a 60-ml enema containing either SCFA (acetate: 60 mmol/liter; propionate: 30 mmol/liter; and N-butyrate: 40 mmol/liter) (Group 1; n = 7) or isotonic NaCl (Group 2; n = 6). Endoscopy with biopsies was performed before starting the trial (D1) and 14 days later (D14). On D1 all patients had endoscopic and histologic findings suggestive of DC. No endoscopic or histologic changes were observed on D14 in either group. We conclude that endoscopic and histologic lesions of DC were not improved by SCFA irrigation during the 14 days.
Real-time randomized path planning for robot navigation (2003)

Mobile robots often must find a trajectory to another position in their environment, subject to constraints. This is the problem of planning a path through a continuous domain Rapidly-exploring random trees (RRTs) are a recently developed representation on which fast continuous domain path planners can be based. In this work, we build a path planning system based on RRTs that interleaves planning and execution, first evaluating it in simulation and then applying it to physical robots. Our planning algorithm, ERRT (execution extended RRT), introduces two novel extensions of previous RRT work, the waypoint cache and adaptive cost penalty search, which improve replanning efficiency and the quality of generated paths. ERRT is successfully applied to a real-time multi-robot system. Results demonstrate that ERRT is significantly more efficient for replanning than a basic RRT planner, performing competitively with or better than existing heuristic and reactive real-time path planning approaches. ERRT is a significant step forward with the potential for making path planning common on real robots, even in challenging continuous, highly dynamic domains.
Alcances y limitaciones de las intervenciones comunitarias: una experiencia desde la prevención de adicciones (2010)

El presente articulo trata sobre un tipo especifico de politicas sociales: las llamadas �intervenciones comunitarias�. Se analizan conceptos de distintas disciplinas; sociologia, psicologia comunitaria, y el analisis de las politicas publicas, para ahondar en las tensiones, contradicciones y oportunidades que trae esta particular forma de intervencion. Se busca con el analisis de experiencias, un lugar adecuado para estas intervenciones.