gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance evaluation of reverse tone mapping operators for dynamic range expansion of SDR video content (2017)

When displaying Standard Dynamic Range (SDR) video on High Dynamic Range (HDR) displays a reverse tone mapping operation can be employed to expand the dynamic range of the SDR video to that offered by the display. This paper presents a subjective performance evaluation of existing reverse Tone Mapping Operators (rTMOs). The presented study evaluates the performance of rTMOs acting on both well exposed SDR video and video that exhibits exposure variation, as is often the case with user generated content (e.g. captured on mobile phones). The paper highlights flickering artefacts that arise in such cases and evaluates the effect on perceived quality of an adapted de-flickering method.
Improving the Numerical Stability of Fast Matrix Multiplication (2016)

Fast algorithms for matrix multiplication, namely those that perform asymptotically fewer scalar operations than the classical algorithm, have been considered primarily of theoretical interest. Apart from Strassen's original algorithm, few fast algorithms have been efficiently implemented or used in practical applications. However, there exist many practical alternatives to Strassen's algorithm with varying performance and numerical properties. Fast algorithms are known to be numerically stable, but because their error bounds are slightly weaker than the classical algorithm, they are not used even in cases where they provide a performance benefit. We argue in this paper that the numerical sacrifice of fast algorithms, particularly for the typical use cases of practical algorithms, is not prohibitive, and we explore ways to improve the accuracy both theoretically and empirically. The numerical accuracy of fast matrix multiplication depends on properties of the algorithm and of the input matrices, and we consider both contributions independently. We generalize and tighten previous error analyses of fast algorithms and compare their properties. We discuss algorithmic techniques for improving the error guarantees from two perspectives: manipulating the algorithms, and reducing input anomalies by various forms of diagonal scaling. Finally, we benchmark performance and demonstrate our improved numerical accuracy.
Nonlinear filtering using generalized subband decomposition (2002)

This paper addresses a nonlinear restoration technique based on generalized multiresolution decomposition. The input signal corrupted by impulsive and nonimpulsive noise is decomposed into multiresolution bands using order statistic (OS) filters. Then nonlinear filtering is performed on these bands using denoising techniques. Simulations show that this scheme has better edge and sharp feature preservation, and better noise reduction properties compared to other OS filter based techniques.
A fast SNR estimation method for sigma-delta modulator design (2013)

This paper presents a fast symbolic method for computation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of switched-capacitor sigma-delta modulators. The key idea is to use a Taylor expansion polynomial to approximate the rational expression of a noise transfer function (NTF). This new method can be used in automatic optimization tools developed for switched-capacitor sigma-delta modulator design.
Spectroscopy with squeezed light (1992)

A frequency-tunable source of squeezed light is employed for spectroscopic measurements of atomic cesium. Relative to the usual quantum limit associated with vacuum-state fluctuations, enhanced sensitivity is demonstrated for the detection of Doppler-free resonances in saturation spectroscopy, with an improvement of 3.1 dB directly observed and 3.8 dB inferred after correcting for detector thermal noise.
<i>four-jointed</i>interacts with<i>dachs, abelson</i>and<i>enabled</i>and feeds back onto the<i>Notch</i>pathway to affect growth and segmentation in the<i>Drosophila</i>leg (2001)

The molecular basis of segmentation and regional growth during morphogenesis of Drosophila legs is poorly understood. We show that four-jointed is not only required for these processes, but also can direct ectopic growth and joint initiation when its normal pattern of expression is disturbed. These effects are non-autonomous, consistent with our demonstration of both transmembrane and secreted forms of the protein in vivo. The similarities between four-jointed and Notch phenotypes led us to further investigate the relationships between these pathways. Surprisingly, we find that although four-jointed expression is regulated downstream of Notch activation, four-jointed can induce expression of the Notch ligands, Serrate and Delta, and may thereby participate in a feedback loop with the Notch signaling pathway. We also show that four-jointed interacts with abelson, enabled and dachs, which leads us to suggest that one target of four-jointed signaling is the actin cytoskeleton. Thus, four-jointed may bridge the gap between the signals that direct morphogenesis and those that carry it out.
Recruiting K-12 youth into computer science (2022)

research-article Free Access Share on Recruiting K-12 youth into computer science: insights from a multi-year research project Authors: Chongning Sun Indiana University Bloomington Indiana University BloomingtonView Profile , Jody Clarke-Midura Utah State University Utah State UniversityView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM InroadsVolume 13Issue 2June 2022 pp 22–29https://doi.org/10.1145/3524916Online:17 May 2022Publication History 0citation121DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations0Total Downloads121Last 12 Months121Last 6 weeks27 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF
A noise robust audio fingerprint extraction technique for mobile devices using gradient histograms (2015)

Audio fingerprinting technology is commonly used in the field of automatic content recognition (ACR). Although various audio fingerprinting techniques have previously been proposed, we propose an advanced landmark extraction technique built on gradient-based features. With the widespread use of smart phones, a large number of audio fingerprinting applications are currently running on mobile phones in outdoor environments. As a result, these audio fingerprinting systems suffer from noise interference. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel scheme to effectively extract salient features and identify an audio signal from them. Test results show that our proposed approach can more accurately identify an audio signal in a noisy environment.
Interleukin-1 receptor blockade improves survival and hemodynamic performance in Escherichia coli septic shock, but fails to alter host responses to sublethal endotoxemia. (1992)

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the extent to which an endogenous interleukin-1 (IL-1) response contributes to the hemodynamic and metabolic consequences of sublethal endotoxemia or lethal Gram-negative septic shock. Young, healthy baboons received either a sublethal dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or an LD100 of live Escherichia coli bacteria, and one half of the animals in each group were continuously infused with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). Plasma IL-1 beta was not detected in this model of endotoxemia. Administration of IL-1ra had only minimal effects on the modest hemodynamic and metabolic responses to sublethal endotoxemia, and did not attenuate the plasma cytokine response. In contrast, high circulating levels of IL-1 beta (range 300-800 pg/ml) were seen during lethal E. coli septic shock. IL-1ra treatment significantly attenuated the decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) (from -72 +/- 8 to -43 +/- 6 mm Hg; P less than 0.05) and cardiac output (from -0.81 +/- 0.17 to -0.48 +/- 0.15 liter/min; P less than 0.05), and significantly improved survival from 43 to 100% at 24 h (P less than 0.05). The plasma IL-1 beta and IL-6 responses to lethal E. coli septic shock were also significantly diminished by IL-1ra treatment (P less than 0.05), whereas tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) concentrations were unaffected. We conclude that an exaggerated systemic IL-1 beta response is characteristic of lethal E. coli septic shock, and contributes significantly to the hemodynamic and metabolic consequences of E. coli septic shock. IL-1ra can significantly attenuate the cytokine cascade and improve survival.
Using Google Street View to Audit the Built Environment: Inter-rater Reliability Results (2012)

Using Google Street View imagery to audit the built environment is a reliable method for assessing characteristics of the built environment.
Recent advances in development of cell-free protein synthesis systems for fast and efficient production of recombinant proteins (2018)

Cell-free protein synthesis has emerged in recent years as a powerful tool that can potentially transform the production of recombinant proteins. Cell-free protein synthesis harnesses the synthetic power of living cells while eliminating many of the constraints of traditional cell-based gene expression methods. Due to the lack of physical barriers separating the protein synthesis machinery from the surrounding environment, a cell-free protein synthesis reaction mixture can be directly programmed using diverse genetic material for the instant production of recombinant proteins without complicated cloning procedures. However, a number of issues must be addressed for this technology to be widely accepted as an alternative platform for protein production, including quality-control of translation machinery preparations, and high reagent cost. This review describes recent efforts to make cell-free protein synthesis more affordable and more easily accessible for generic applications.
Comparative proteomics of cerebrospinal fluid in neuropathologically-confirmed Alzheimer's disease and non-demented elderly subjects (2006)

These results suggest that multi-factor proteomic pattern analysis of the CSF may provide a means to diagnose and assess AD.
Taxonomy of the<i>Streptomyces</i>strain ZG0656 that produces acarviostatin α-amylase inhibitors and analysis of their effects on blood glucose levels in mammalian systems (2008)

Acarviostatin III03 is the most potent alpha-amylase inhibitor known to date. The oligomer will benefit the research on the relationship between alpha-amylase and various inhibitors and will offer more choices in diabetes treatments.
Conversion of Peripheral CD4+CD25− Naive T Cells to CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells by TGF-β Induction of Transcription Factor <i>Foxp3 </i> (2003)

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) are instrumental in the maintenance of immunological tolerance. One critical question is whether Treg can only be generated in the thymus or can differentiate from peripheral CD4+CD25- naive T cells. In this paper, we present novel evidence that conversion of naive peripheral CD4+CD25- T cells into anergic/suppressor cells that are CD25+, CD45RB-/low and intracellular CTLA-4+ can be achieved through costimulation with T cell receptors (TCRs) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta). Although transcription factor Foxp3 has been shown recently to be associated with the development of Treg, the physiological inducers for Foxp3 gene expression remain a mystery. TGF-beta induced Foxp3 gene expression in TCR-challenged CD4+CD25- naive T cells, which mediated their transition toward a regulatory T cell phenotype with potent immunosuppressive potential. These converted anergic/suppressor cells are not only unresponsive to TCR stimulation and produce neither T helper cell 1 nor T helper cell 2 cytokines but they also express TGF-beta and inhibit normal T cell proliferation in vitro. More importantly, in an ovalbumin peptide TCR transgenic adoptive transfer model, TGF-beta-converted transgenic CD4+CD25+ suppressor cells proliferated in response to immunization and inhibited antigen-specific naive CD4+ T cell expansion in vivo. Finally, in a murine asthma model, coadministration of these TGF-beta-induced suppressor T cells prevented house dust mite-induced allergic pathogenesis in lungs.
Effect of caffeine intake on myocardial hyperemic flow induced by adenosine triphosphate and dipyridamole. (2004)

This study demonstrates that ATP has the potential to induce greater hyperemia than dipyridamole, whereas hyperemic responses to ATP and dipyridamole are similarly attenuated after caffeine intake. These findings suggest that abstinence from caffeine before ATP stress testing may be needed.
A New Benchmark for TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanotube Array Growth by Anodization (2007)

We report on the anodic formation of a self-standing 720 μm thick TiO2 nanotubular membrane by complete consumption of a 250 μm thick titanium foil sample. By employing double sided electrochemical oxidation of titanium in an electrolyte comprised of water, NH4F, and ethylene glycol, we obtain two highly ordered, hexagonal close-packed titania nanotube arrays 360 μm in length that are separated by a thin compact oxide layer; the individual nanotubes in each array have an aspect ratio of ∼2200. The potentiostatic anodization of titanium in an ethylene glycol, NH4F, and water electrolyte dramatically increases the rate of nanotube array growth to approximately 15 μm/h, representing a growth rate ∼750−6000% greater than that seen, respectively, in other polar organic or aqueous based electrolytes previously used to form TiO2 nanotube arrays. We consider the effects of electrolyte composition, applied potential, and anodization duration on the length and diameter of the resulting nanotubes in terms of a growth rate model, with results suggesting that reduced hydroxyl ion injection from the electrolyte, which enables faster high field ionic conduction through the barrier layer, is responsible for the high nanotube growth rates achieved. Furthermore, as reported herein for the first time, we are able to make self-standing TiO2 nanotube array films ranging in thickness from 50 to 360 μm.
Automatic Segmentation of Soft Plaque by Modeling the Partial Volume Problem in the Coronary Artery (2010)

Automatic segmentation and quantification of stenosis is an important task in assessing coronary artery disease, especially when the investigation of the disease progress is considered. The reproducibility and robustness of the segmentation algorithm against partial volume effect and noise is critical for an accurate quantification. A major issue in the quantification of the stenosis is to segment the soft plaque in the blood vessel. While there are several approaches for segmentation of the volume of the blood vessel and soft plaque in the literature, the main drawback of these approaches is making a deterministic decision in terms of assigning a particular voxel to only one type of tissue (such as blood vessel, soft plaque or surrounding area). However in reality, because of the partial volume effect, a voxel may contain more than one tissue type. In particular, using deterministic methods for quantification of the small objects such as thin blood vessels or soft plaque may lead to inaccurate results and higher inter and intra-scan variability. In this paper, an approach is proposed to tackle the partial volume effect problem using an adaptive fuzzy algorithm incorporating a Markov random field model. The presented method segments the blood vessel, soft plaque and surrounding tissue areas more accurately. The algorithm is applied to several datasets and the outcomes have been judged visually by a qualified radiologist. The proposed algorithm has the potential to be applied for the accurate quantification of the degree of stenosis.
Fabrication of Freestanding GaN Wafers by Hydride Vapor-Phase Epitaxy with Void-Assisted Separation (2002)

A novel technique for fabricating large-diameter freestanding GaN wafers has been developed. This technique uses a porous GaN template with a TiN nano-net on top as the starting substrate for hydride vapor-phase epitaxy (HVPE) growth. A mechanically weak layer containing numerous small voids is formed between the template and the thick GaN layer during HVPE growth. The thermal stress due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between the GaN and sapphire results in self-separation during the cooling process after HVPE growth. As a result, freestanding GaN wafers with a diameter of 45 mm are obtained. These wafers are crack-free and have a mirror-like surface. The full widths at half maximum of GaN (0002) and (100) peaks in the X-ray rocking curve profile are narrow, i.e. 60 and 92 arcsec, respectively. The dislocation density is low, i.e. 5 × 106 cm—2.
User-centric and remote content browsing for Mobile Devices (2006)

In this paper, we propose a provision of user-centric mobile media album system and albuming functions to support it. For the system, we are considering both a stand-alone type implementation and a PC bundle type implementation. The main idea of the user-centric and remote content browsing for albuming functions is to enable users to organize and browse their photos along the semantically meaningful axes that are event, person-identity, and category while the highlights of video contents are processed by PC and easily downloaded and watched on mobile devices. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method would be useful to browse photos and video clips.
Compressive Sensing Based Multi-User Detection for Uplink Grant-Free Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (2015)

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has become one of the promising key technologies for future 5G wireless communications to improve spectral efficiency and support massive connectivity. However, in the uplink grant-free NOMA system, the current near-optimal multi-user detection (MUD) based on message passing algorithm (MPA) assumes that the user activity information is exactly known at the receiver, which is impractical yet challenging due to anyone of massive users can randomly enter or leave the system. In this paper, inspired by the observation of user sparsity, we jointly use compressive sensing (CS) and MPA to propose a CS-MPA detector to realize both user activity and data detection for uplink grant-free NOMA. Specifically, the MUD problem is firstly formulated under CS framework by exploiting user sparsity, and then user activity can be detected by sparse signal recovery algorithms in CS. Then, MPA can be performed to reliably detect active users' data. It is shown that the proposed CS-MPA detector with affordable complexity not only outperforms the conventional MPA detector without user activity information, but also achieves very close performance to the genie- knowledge MPA detector with exact knowledge of user activity, especially when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high.
Does the Binding of Cyclosporine to Calmodulin Result in Immunosuppression? (1986)

The cyclosporines are a family of cyclic endecapeptides that cause a profound suppression of primary immune stimulation both in vitro and in vivo. Recently, the regulatory protein calmodulin (CaM) has been implicated as a target for cyclosporin A (CsA) binding. This study utilized two less-active isomers of CsA to evaluate the specificity and biological significance of CaM binding. The three cyclosporines exhibited equivalent in vitro binding to CaM, regardless of immunosuppressive activity. Furthermore, CaM-dependent enzyme systems were inhibited equally by active and inactive cyclosporines, but only at concentrations 100 times those necessary to block lymphocyte activation. Thus the exquisite immunosuppressive stereospecificity displayed by cyclosporine isomers is not reflected in the binding to and inhibition of CaM, suggesting that inhibition of CaM-dependent processes is not sufficient to explain the immunosuppressive activity of CsA.
Inhibition of metastasis by cicaprost in rats with established SMT2A mammary carcinoma growth. (1997)

Cicaprost, a stable prostacyclin analog has been shown to be antimetastatically active in a series of metastasizing rodent tumors. Whereas starting treatment with Cicaprost on the day of tumor implantation was a characteristic feature of our previous investigations, the present study focused on the antimetastatic potency of Cicaprost in animals with established tumor growth. We have previously reported that, in Wistar-Furth rats bearing subcutaneously implanted SMT2A mammary carcinoma, Cicaprost in daily oral doses of 0.1 to 1.0 mg/kg given from the day of tumor implantation to the end of the experiment led to a strong decrease in the number of lung metastases. The 1.0 mg/kg doses reduced the number of lung metastases by about 95% compared with the control. In the present study, we have examined the effect of delaying the start of treatment in animals with established tumor growth, Cicaprost in daily oral doses of 0.1 mg/kg given from Day 10 until Day 32 reduced the number of lung metastases by about 80% compared with the control. In contrast, surgical removal of palpable primary tumors had no effect on lung metastasis. We conclude that Cicaprost exhibits strong antimetastatic activity in the SMT2A rat mammary carcinoma model and interferes not only with mechanisms of tumor cell-blood cell interaction, tumor cell adhesion, and extravasation, but also with steps following extravasation.
High Capacity Analog Channels for Smart Documents (2006)

given.The novel data-reading technique results in superior performance than the existing techniques, intended for data recovery from printed media.In another scenario a small-size HD-DataStripe with maximum entropy is used as a copy detection pattern by utilizing information loss encountered at nearly maximum channel capacity.While considering the application of HD-DataStripe in hardcopy documents (contracts, official letters etc.), unlike existing work [Zha04], it allows oneto-one contents matching and does not depend on hash functions and OCR technology, constraints mainly imposed by the low data storage capacity offered by the existing analog media.For printed halftone images carrying hidden information higher capacity is mainly attributed to data-reading technique for HD-DataStripe that allows data recovery at higher printing resolution, a key requirement for a high quality watermarking technique in spatial domain.Digital halftoning and data encoding techniques are the other factors that contribute to data hiding technique given in this research.While considering security aspects, the new technique allows contents integrity and authenticity verification in the present scenario in which certain amount of errors are unavoidable, restricting the usage of existing techniques given for digital contents.Finally, a superposed constant background grayscale image, obtained by the repeated application of a specially designed small binary pattern, is used as channel for hidden communication and it allows up to 33 pages of A-4 size foreground text to be encoded in one CBGI.The higher capacity is contributed from data encoding symbols and data reading technique.