gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Bovine Serum Albumin Preparations and Ficoll Addition in Capillary Tube Hemagglutination (1991)

Eighteen commercial bovine serum albumin (BSA) preparations were evaluated for their efficacy in hemagglutination enhancement by the capillary tube method. Their physicochemical variables (pH, conductivity, free fatty acids, total protein, and polymer content) were quantified. The results showed that a BSA preparation which consistently performed well in hemagglutination enhancement contained some albumin polymer and had a low free fatty acid content. We also found that the addition of Ficoll (final concentration of 1.24%) could convert BSA preparations producing mediocre hemagglutination enhancement into good enhancers, provided that these preparations did not have high free fatty acid content. Hence, the addition of Ficoll can obviate the requirement for selecting a polymer-enhanced albumin for use in capillary tube tests.
Liquid antibiotics in bone cement (2014)

Adding vancomycin or amphotericin B antibiotic powder in distilled water before mixing with bone cement can significantly improve the efficiency of antibiotic release than can loading ALBC with the same dose of antibiotic powder. This simple and effective method for preparation of ALBCs can significantly improve the efficiency of antibiotic release in ALBCs. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:246-51.
Ultrasonic spot welding of dissimilar materials: characterization of welded joints and parametric optimization (2016)

Material joining is one of the key manufacturing processes used to assemble metallic and non-metallic parts for several applications. But the industries are facing many difficulties in joining of thin sheets of dissimilar metals by the conventional welding process because of their differences in chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties. Thus, ultrasonic welding is a solid state joining process used for joining of small elements in microelectronics industries. In this process, acoustic horn and booster are the important assets. The accuracy and strength of the welding depend mainly on their geometry. This proposed work deals with the design and modelling of an acoustic stepped sonotrode with booster using finite element analysis (FEA). From this analysis, the actual length of the horn is obtained by gradually decreasing its theoretical length. The quality of the weld is reckoned by its weld strength and the combinations of different process parameters. These are examined using the principal components coupled with grey relational analysis approach which is showing good agreement between the predicted values with experimental results. Fractographic examination of weld zone and hardness are also used to explore the weld quality.
Coherently enhanced microwave pulses from midinfrared-driven laser plasmas (2020)

Ultrafast ionization of a gas medium driven by ultrashort midinfrared laser pulses provides a source of bright ultrabroadband radiation whose spectrum spans across the entire microwave band, reaching for the sub-gigahertz range. We combine multiple, mutually complementary detection techniques to provide an accurate polarization-resolved characterization of this broadband output as a function of the gas pressure. At low gas pressures, the lowest-frequency part of this output is found to exhibit a drastic enhancement as this field builds up its coherence, developing a well-resolved emission cone, dominated by a radial radiation energy flux. This behavior of the intensity, coherence, and polarization of the microwave output is shown to be consistent with Cherenkov-type radiation by ponderomotively driven plasma currents.
DEM Reconstruction Based on Adaptive Local RBF (2014)

As the core of digital elevation model, interpolation methods have been run through the each link, such as production, quality control, accuracy assessment, analytical applications and etc. The local radial basis function interpolation method based on spatial relationship of natural neighbor was proposed in this paper. The interpolation reference points were chosen by the Delaunay Triangulation. The first-order and second-order neighboring of interpolation points as the interpolation reference points were used to construct local radial basis function. This method was applied to the construction of digital elevation model, and the correspondent errors were analyzed. Experimental result shows that the method has a good effect on the construction of different landform.
2-Amino- and 2-guanidino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-epoxynaphthalenes as conformationally defined analogs of .alpha.-adrenergic agents (1987)

The exo- and endo-2-amino-5,8-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-epoxynaphthalenes++ + (3b and 4b, respectively) were prepared and evaluated as conformationally defined analogues of the alpha 1-agonist methoxamine. Only compound 3b exhibited significant alpha 1-agonist activity in the field stimulated rat vas deferens assay. Since 3b closely approximates the antiperiplanar form of (1R,2S)-(-)-erythro-methoxamine, the results suggest that methoxamine interacts with the alpha 1-adrenoceptor in the trans extended form. The exo-guanidino derivative 5 was found to be a partial alpha 1-agonist. Among the exo- and endo-2-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-epoxynaphthalenes (3a and 4a, respectively) prepared as rigid analogues of norephedrine, compound 3a possessed agonist activity at both alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors, whereas 4a was inactive at either receptor.
Ammonium betaines: efficient ionic nucleophilic catalysts for the ring-opening polymerization of <scp>l</scp>-lactide and cyclic carbonates (2014)

The ionic nucleophilic character of ammonium betaine catalysts allows for controlling the ROP of L-LA for DP as high as 750 with very narrow dispersity values (≤1.18). Compared to ionic nucleophilic and hydrogen-bonding based catalysts for ROP, meta-betaine combines the positive aspects of both processes in terms of kinetics and selectivity. The versatility of ammonium betaines was evidenced by varying the nature of the initiating alcohol and monomer used.
Average assignment method for predicting the stability of protein mutants (2006)

Prediction of protein stability upon amino acid substitutions is an important problem in molecular biology and it will be helpful for designing stable mutants. In this work, we have analyzed the stability of protein mutants using three different data sets of 1791, 1396, and 2204 mutants, respectively, for thermal stability (DeltaTm), free energy change due to thermal (DeltaDeltaG), and denaturant denaturations (DeltaDeltaGH2O), obtained from the ProTherm database. We have classified the mutants into 380 possible substitutions and assigned the stability of each mutant using the information obtained with similar type of mutations. We observed that this assignment could distinguish the stabilizing and destabilizing mutants to an accuracy of 70-80% at different measures of stability. Further, we have classified the mutants based on secondary structure and solvent accessibility (ASA) and observed that the classification significantly improved the accuracy of prediction. The classification of mutants based on helix, strand, and coil distinguished the stabilizing/destabilizing mutants at an average accuracy of 82% and the correlation is 0.56; information about the location of residues at the interior, partially buried, and surface regions of a protein correctly identified the stabilizing/destabilizing residues at an average accuracy of 81% and the correlation is 0.59. The nine subclassifications based on three secondary structures and solvent accessibilities improved the accuracy of assigning stabilizing/destabilizing mutants to an accuracy of 84-89% for the three data sets. Further, the present method is able to predict the free energy change (DeltaDeltaG) upon mutations within a deviation of 0.64 kcal/mol. We suggest that this method could be used for predicting the stability of protein mutants.
High variability of levels of Aliivibrio and lactic acid bacteria in the intestinal microbiota of farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. (2015)

In the present study, the structure of the intestinal microbiota of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) was studied using culture and culture-independent methods. Three adult specimens of S. salar were collected from a commercial salmon farm in Chile, and their intestinal microbiota were studied by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of pure cultures as well as of clone libraries. Out of the 74 bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas was the most predominant genus among cultured microbiota. In clone libraries, 325 clones were obtained from three adult fish, and a total of 36 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified. This indicated that lactic acid bacteria (Weissella, Leuconostoc, and Lactococcus genera) comprised more than 50 % of identified clones in two fishes. This was in contrast with the high dominance of a single OTU (99 sequences) of Aliivibrio sp. related to the pathogenic Aliivibrio salmonicida species and the absence of lactic acid bacteria in the third fish, suggesting a condition of an asymptomatic non-healthy carrier. It is clear that molecular identification of 16S rRNA gene libraries obtained from intestinal content samples is effective in determining the overall structure of the intestinal microbiota of farmed Atlantic salmon enabling detection of a minority of taxa not previously reported as part of the intestinal microbiota of salmonids, including the genera Hydrogenophilus, Propionibacterium, Cronobacter, Enhydrobacter, Veillonella, Prevotella, and Atopostipes, as well as to evaluate the health status of farmed fish when evaluating the dominance of potential pathogenic species and the incidence of lactic acid bacteria.
Hyaluronic Acid: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Trajectory (2019)

Hyaluronic acid (also known as hyaluronan or hyaluronate) is naturally found in many tissues and fluids, but more abundantly in articular cartilage and synovial fluid (SF). Hyaluronic acid (HA) content varies widely in different joints and species. HA is a non-sulfated, naturally occurring non-protein glycosaminoglycan (GAG), with distinct physico-chemical properties, produced by synoviocytes, fibroblasts, and chondrocytes. HA has an important role in the biomechanics of normal SF, where it is partially responsible for lubrication and viscoelasticity of the SF. The concentration of HA and its molecular weight (MW) decline as osteoarthritis (OA) progresses with aging. For that reason, HA has been used for more than four decades in the treatment of OA in dogs, horses and humans. HA produces anti-arthritic effects via multiple mechanisms involving receptors, enzymes and other metabolic pathways. HA is also used in the treatment of ophthalmic, dermal, burns, wound repair, and other health conditions. The MW of HA appears to play a critical role in the formulation of the products used in the treatment of diseases. This review provides a mechanism-based rationale for the use of HA in some disease conditions with special reference to OA.
Selected specific rates of reactions of transients from water in aqueous solution. III. Hydroxyl radical and perhydroxyl radical and their radical ions (1977)

Rates of reactions of OH and HO/sub 2/ with organic and inorganic molecules, ions and transients in aqueous solution have been tabulated, as well as the rates for the corresponding radical ions in aqueous solution (O/sup -/ and O/sub 2//sup -/). Most of the rates have been obtained by radiation chemistry methods, both pulsed and steady-state; data from photochemistry and thermal methods are also included. Rates for over one thousand reactions are listed.
Hierarchical production and setup scheduling in stochastic manufacturing systems (1995)

This paper is concerned with an asymptotic analysis of hierarchical production and setup scheduling in a stochastic manufacturing system consisting of a single failure-prone machine and facing constant demands for a number of products. At any given time the system can only produce one type of product, and the system requires a setup if production is to be switched from one type of product to another. A setup may involve setup time or setup cost or both. The objective of the problem is to minimize the total costs of setup, production, and surplus. The control variables are a sequence of setups and a production plan. An asymptotic analysis with respect to increasing rates of change in machine states gives rise to a deterministic limiting optimal control problem in which there is a control variable associated with each of the machine states and the production rate is obtained by weighting these controls with the stationary probabilities of the corresponding states. Asymptotic optimal controls for the original problem from optimal or near-optimal controls for the limiting problem are constructed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Short pitch cholesteric electro-optical device based on periodic polymer structures (2009)

The helical flexoelectro-optic effect produces a submillisecond, temperature-independent in-plane rotation of the optical axis and is potentially interesting for the display industry. The main drawback is that it relies on a texture, the uniform lying helix (ULH), which is intrinsically unstable. We present a method based on the use of periodic polymeric microchannels to create highly ordered and stable ULH structures. Electro-optic measurements performed on a test device show a large contrast ratio between bright and dark states (better then 100:1), fast switching (200 μs), and large optical rotation (&gt;30°).
A 243 GHz LNA Module Based on mHEMT MMICs With Integrated Waveguide Transitions (2013)

For use in a millimeter-wave direct detection radiometer for earth remote sensing, we have developed a low-noise amplifier (LNA) module with a small-signal gain of 19.5 dB at 243 GHz and a 3 dB bandwidth of 40 GHz. The implemented three-stage LNA MMIC has been manufactured using a 50 nm gate length metamorphic HEMT (mHEMT) technology on 50 <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$\mu$</tex> </formula> m thick GaAs substrates. Each of the two on-chip integrated E-plane probe waveguide transitions offers a transmission loss of only 0.5 dB at 243 GHz including a 7.5 mm long WR-3.4 waveguide. Due to the low-loss packaging, the LNA module achieves a low noise figure of only 6.0 dB at room temperature.
논문 : 고려,조선 초기 낙동강유역 교통 네트워크연구 (2013)

study examines the reorganization of the tramc network in the Nakdong River basin in the early Joseon Dynasty. The new traffic routes connecting a port with a Sinnyeok(新驛) were opened in accordance with the promotion in county status in the early Joseon period. For the typical example, there is the ``Susanjinro（守山津路）``on the lower Nakdong River. It connected Gimhae to Miryang, through Daesansinnyeok, Taesanjin, Susanjin, Susansinnyeok, and Idongeumsinnyeok. And, with the growth of Daegugun and Indonghyeon, two routes were newly opened on the mid Nakdong River: ``Donganjinno(東安津路)``running from Habinsinnyeok to Donganjin, and ``Chiljinno(漆津路)`` running from Indongsinnyeo, Chiljin to Yangmoksinnyeok. Thereby the traffic network becomes more various. Apart from this reorganization of the traffic network associated with the growth of counties, the enforcement of the transportation policies, such as the revitalization of a shipping transport, led to the installation of the Sinnyeoks to use an inland waterway. These were set up near the port facilities, a trading center for goods, located on the river. Accordingly, the traffic network linking a postal road with an inland waterway can be postulated. Of course, it is easy found in the other areas that Gunhyeonje was a primary factor of the changes of the traffic network. However, the case for the Nakdong River basin was very exceptional because of the central government`s measures to invigorate inland waterways. Such as installing Sinnyeoks along the river and reorganizing the traffic network linked with the ports. So, the case is clearly distinguished from that for the coastal area of Gyeongsangdo in which the postal roads were opened to reinforce the marine defense posture.
66.3: <i>Invited Paper:</i> Image Quality Improvements in Large‐Screen LC‐TV (2005)

Abstract The image quality improvement on large screen LC‐TV is described. LC‐TV that is achieving a larger screen than CRT has the advantage that 100% brightness for entire screen can be achieved, even by a size that reaches 60 inches. On the other hand, due to its high luminance and large screen size, image quality problems become more visible and thus they should be compensated. As an example of these problems, visible contouring, motion blur, and image compression degradation due to MPEG compression and their compensation algorisms are described in this paper.
Studies of the pressurized fluidized-bed coal combustion process. Phase report, Aug 1973--Aug 1975 (1976)

The glass cliff refers to women being more likely to rise to positions of organizational leadership in times of crisis than in times of success, and men being more likely to achieve those positions in prosperous times. We examine the role that (a) a gendered history of leadership and (b) stereotypes about gender and leadership play in creating the glass cliff. In Expt 1, participants who read about a company with a male history of leadership selected a male future leader for a successful organization, but chose a female future leader in times of crisis. This interaction--between company performance and gender of the preferred future leader--was eliminated for a counter-stereotypic history of female leadership. In Expt 2, stereotypically male attributes were most predictive of leader selection in a successful organization, while stereotypically female attributes were most predictive in times of crisis. Differences in the endorsement of these stereotypes, in particular with regard to the ascription of lower stereotypically female attributes to the male candidate mediated the glass cliff effect. Overall, results suggest that stereotypes about male leadership may be more important for the glass cliff effect than stereotypes about women and leadership.
In situ Investigation of Crystallization Processes by Coupling of Electrochemical and Optical Measurements: Application to CaCO[sub 3] Deposit (2001)

International audience
Personalized whole‐body models integrate metabolism, physiology, and the gut microbiome (2020)

Comprehensive molecular-level models of human metabolism have been generated on a cellular level. However, models of whole-body metabolism have not been established as they require new methodological approaches to integrate molecular and physiological data. We developed a new metabolic network reconstruction approach that used organ-specific information from literature and omics data to generate two sex-specific whole-body metabolic (WBM) reconstructions. These reconstructions capture the metabolism of 26 organs and six blood cell types. Each WBM reconstruction represents whole-body organ-resolved metabolism with over 80,000 biochemical reactions in an anatomically and physiologically consistent manner. We parameterized the WBM reconstructions with physiological, dietary, and metabolomic data. The resulting WBM models could recapitulate known inter-organ metabolic cycles and energy use. We also illustrate that the WBM models can predict known biomarkers of inherited metabolic diseases in different biofluids. Predictions of basal metabolic rates, by WBM models personalized with physiological data, outperformed current phenomenological models. Finally, integrating microbiome data allowed the exploration of host-microbiome co-metabolism. Overall, the WBM reconstructions, and their derived computational models, represent an important step toward virtual physiological humans.
Small Magnets for Portable NMR Spectrometers (2010)

Downsizing: A pocket-size permanent magnet has been constructed that is suitable for measuring 1H NMR spectra of samples in standard NMR tubes. The new shimming approach implemented to overcome the inherent inhomogeneity of permanent magnets opens the door to compact high-resolution NMR spectrometers for conventional samples.
On interleaved codes for error‐correcting codes (1981)

Abstract Interleaving for error‐correcting codes is a method of composing a long‐burst‐error‐correcting code with combined short‐burst‐error‐correcting codes or random‐error‐correcting codes. The method is now employed in a wide variety of fields, such as communications, memory systems and PCM recording and is quite useful in increasing the reliability of such systems. However, there has been no detailed theoretical study of interleaving, although it has been the subject of numerous practical studies. A systematic study of its theoretical aspects and some new interleaving techniques are presented here. It is shown that, according to their construction, interleaved codes can be classified into the complete‐block type, convolutional type and incomplete‐block type, among which the incomplete‐block type is newly proposed. Other classifications of interleaving methods are made according to their types and numbers as well as their decoding methods. Next we review different trends in interleaving relevant to the types of codes to be used as the number of codes is changed. We then discuss an interleaving method with codes encoded by word units as well as an error‐detection code conduct a comparative investigation of the error‐correcting capability and encoding capability and encoding complexity as well as decoding from the viewpoint of construction. It is then shown that the incomplete‐block structure has an intermediate position between the complete‐block type and the convolutional type.
DArch: Dental Arch Prior-assisted 3D Tooth Instance Segmentation (2022)

Automatic tooth instance segmentation on 3D dental models is a fundamental task for computer-aided orthodontic treatments. Existing learning-based methods rely heavily on expensive point-wise annotations. To alleviate this problem, we are the first to explore a low-cost annotation way for 3D tooth instance segmentation, i.e., labeling all tooth centroids and only a few teeth for each dental model. Regarding the challenge when only weak annotation is provided, we present a dental arch prior-assisted 3D tooth segmentation method, namely DArch. Our DArch consists of two stages, including tooth centroid detection and tooth instance segmentation. Accurately detecting the tooth centroids can help locate the individual tooth, thus benefiting the segmentation. Thus, our DArch proposes to leverage the dental arch prior to assist the detection. Specifically, we firstly propose a coarse-to-fine method to estimate the dental arch, in which the dental arch is initially generated by Bezier curve regression, and then a graph-based convolutional network (GCN) is trained to refine it. With the estimated dental arch, we then propose a novel Arch-aware Point Sampling (APS) method to assist the tooth centroid proposal generation. Meantime, a segmentor is independently trained using a patch-based training strategy, aiming to segment a tooth instance from a 3D patch centered at the tooth centroid. Experimental results on $4,773$ dental models have shown our DArch can accurately segment each tooth of a dental model, and its performance is superior to the state-of-the-art methods.