gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
&lt;i&gt;Machine Vision Guided Robotics for Blue Crab Disassembly ---&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Deep Learning Based Crab Morphology Segmentation &lt;/i&gt; (2018)

<list list-type=order><list-item> <b> University of Maryland, Bio-Imaging and Machine Vision Laboratory, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, College Park, MD, 20740</b> </list-item><list-item> <b>Corresponding Author: ytao@umd.edu </b> </list-item></list> <b><sc>Abstract.</sc></b> <b>The Atlantic Blue Crab is amongst the highest-valued seafood found in the American Eastern Seaboard. Currently, the crab processing industry is highly dependent on manual labor. There is a great potential market for vision guided intelligent machines to automate the meat picking process. Understanding crab morphologies in digital crab images is the first and key step for the intelligent machine. To achieve the goal, a deep learning architecture is integrated into the system, and the fully automatic model can segment crab images into five region of interests in single step with high accuracy and efficiency. Compared to the pervious knuckle detection algorithm proposed by our group, the updated model can accurately locate not only knuckle positions, but also crab legs and crab cores. The average pixel accuracy can get up to 0.9843. From another angle, the computation time of the updated model decreases 50 folds compared to the pervious method. It can further improve the processing speed of the crab machine. The image segmentation results can be used for generating crab cutlines in XY plane, determining starting cutting points in Z plane, and guiding end effectors to harvest crab meat. This work promises a bright further in not only crab industry but also other natural resources meat picking area. </b>
Firmware for ensuring realtime radio regulations compliance in WSN (2012)

All wireless devices must comply with the local radio regulations which are set by international and national regulatory bodies such as the European Telecommunication Standardization Institute (ETSI) for Europe and the Federal Commission for Communication (FCC) for US. In this paper a new firmware module is proposed, that will ensure that devices, in all circumstances will comply with the ETSI regulations for single channel emissions in the 868MHz ISM band. Namely, assuring compliance with the duty-cycle limit, the maximum Tx time and minimum Tx-off time limit. Such a solution has not been researched mostly due to the popularity of the virtually world-wide 2.4 GHz ISM band which at present does not impose duty-cycle limitations. The wireless sensor networks (WSNs) operating in the 868MHz band have their own niche applications that benefit from the increased signal range. The development and the acceptance of such applications will benefit from the existence of the proposed module implemented in firmware/software. We propose such a solution and demonstrate its implementation on a custom developed node and protocol. Implementation with IEEE 802.15.4 standard is discussed as well. We also analyze the memory, time and energy overheads caused by including the module in the firmware.
Transforming Growth Factor-β: Latent Forms, Binding Proteins and Receptors (1993)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image sizeKey Words: activationα-2-macroglobulinbetaglycanprecursors
Use of the finite element method for the modeling of multi-layered power/ground planes with small features (2009)

In this paper, a novel formulation for the modeling of multi-layer package power/ground planes has been proposed. The formulation is developed by first applying the finite element method (FEM) for a single plane-pair geometry, from which a SPICE-compatible equivalent circuit is extracted. Next, the admittance matrices obtained for individual plane-pairs are coupled together, to extend the technique, and to enable the modeling of multiple plane-pairs. This method, the mutli-layer finite element method (MFEM), uses an adaptive triangular mesh. This enables MFEM to capture the effects of small geometrical features that can affect the frequency response, with only a modest increase in computational cost as compared to methods that use regular square meshes. MFEM is able to correctly model the effect of apertures or voids in the planes, which cause vertical coupling of energy. Several examples have been shown to illustrate the efficacy of the method for both single and multiple plane-pair geometries.
A novel water-soluble and self-doped conducting polyaniline graft copolymerElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: schematic diagrams; XPS and FTIR spectra; GPC profile. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b3/b309346h/ (2003)

A water-soluble and self-doped conducting polyaniline graft copolymer, poly(styrenesulfonic acid-g-aniline) (PSSA-g-PANI), was first synthesized and its electrical properties were investigated.
Actuation of elastomeric microvalves in point-of-care settings using handheld, battery-powered instrumentation (2010)

Although advanced fluid handling using elastomeric valves is useful for a variety of lab-on-a-chip procedures, their operation has traditionally relied on external laboratory infrastructure (such as gas tanks, computers, and ground electricity). This dependence has held back the use of elastomeric microvalves for point-of-care settings. Here, we demonstrate that microfabricated microvalves, via liquid-filled control channels, can be actuated using only a handheld instrument powered by a 9 V battery. This setup can achieve on-off fluid control with fast response times, coordinated switching of multiple valves, and operation of a biological assay. In the future, this technique may enable the widely used elastomeric microvalves (made by multilayer soft lithography) to be increasingly adopted for portable sensors and lab-on-a-chip systems.
Efficient Multicasting in Content-Centric Networks Using Datagrams (2016)

The Named Data Networking (NDN) and Content-Centric Networking (CCNx) architectures are the leading approaches for content-centric networking, and both require using Interests (requests that elicit content) and maintaining per-Interest forwarding state in Pending Interest Tables (PIT) to store per-Interest forwarding state. To date, PITs have been assumed to be necessary to enable native support for multicasting in the data plane, such that multicast forwarding trees (MFT) are established by the forwarding and aggregation of Interests using PITs. We present a new approach to content-centric networks based on anonymous datagrams that provides native support for multicasting, but does so without the need to maintain per-Interest forwarding state. Simulation experiments are used to show that the proposed new approach attains the same end-to-end delays for multicasting while requiring orders of magnitude fewer forwarding entries.
Sub-Nyquist sampling of short pulses (2011)

We develop sub-Nyquist sampling systems for analog signals comprised of several, possibly overlapping, finite duration pulses with unknown shapes and time positions. To the best of our knowledge, stable and low-rate sampling strategies for a superposition of unknown pulses without knowledge of the pulse locations have not been derived. We propose a multichannel scheme based on Gabor frames that exploits the sparsity of signals in time and enables sampling multipulse signals at sub-Nyquist rates. Our approach is based on modulating the input signal in each channel with a properly chosen waveform, followed by an integrator. As we show, the resulting scheme is flexible and exhibits good noise robustness.
Mechanical and Electrochemical Performance of Graphene-Based Flexible Supercapacitors (2014)

Abstract : Flexible supercapacitors are being developed for powering flexible electronics for military and commercial applications. Graphene oxide dispersed in water has been used for inkjet printing the active electrode material onto metal film on Kapton current collectors. After printing, the graphene oxide was thermally reduced to produce conductive graphene electrodes. These electrodes were heat sealed together with added electrolyte and a polymer separator, and the resulting supercapacitor performance is good, with excellent capacitance retention with flexing demonstrated. A number of issues associated with using Kapton for packaging these devices have also been investigated.
Hierarchically patterned self-powered sensors for multifunctional tactile sensing (2020)

Flexible sensors are highly desirable for tactile sensing and wearable devices. Previous researches of smart elements have focused on flexible pressure or temperature sensors. However, realizing material identification remains a challenge. Here, we report a multifunctional sensor composed of hydrophobic films and graphene/polydimethylsiloxane sponges. By engineering and optimizing sponges, the fabricated sensor exhibits a high-pressure sensitivity of >15.22 per kilopascal, a fast response time of <74 millisecond, and a high stability over >3000 cycles. In the case of temperature stimulus, the sensor exhibits a temperature-sensing resolution of 1 kelvin via the thermoelectric effect. The sensor can generate output voltage signals after physical contact with different flat materials based on contact-induced electrification. The corresponding signals can be, in turn, used to infer material properties. This multifunctional sensor is excellent in its low cost and material identification, which provides a design concept for meeting the challenges in functional electronics.
Spectral x-ray phase contrast imaging for single-shot retrieval of absorption, phase, and differential-phase imagery (2014)

In this Letter, we propose the first single-shot, noninterferometric x-ray imaging method for simultaneous retrieval of absorption, phase, and differential-phase imagery with quantitative accuracy. Our method utilizes a photon-counting spectral x-ray detector in conjunction with a simplified transport-of-intensity equation for coded-aperture phase-contrast imaging to efficiently solve the retrieval problem. This method can utilize an incoherent and polychromatic (clinical or laboratory) x-ray tube and can enable retrieval for a wide range and composition of material properties. The proposed method has been validated via computer simulations and is expected to significantly benefit applications that are sensitive to complexity of measurement, radiation dose and imaging time.
Fault-safe code motion for type-safe languages (2008)

Compilers for Java and other type-safe languages have historically worked to overcome overheads and constraints imposed by runtime safety checks and precise exception semantics. We instead exploit these safety properties to perform code motion optimizations that are even more aggressive than those possible in unsafe languages such as C++.
High Throughput Microscopy With a Microlens Array (2012)

We demonstrate large field-of-view (FOV) (30 mm2) fluorescence microscopy with submicron resolution using a refractive microlens array. The large area of the array decreases image acquisition time over FOVs by avoiding long-range mechanical scanning.
Cutaneous Adverse Effects With HER1/EGFR-Targeted Agents: Is There a Silver Lining? (2005)

The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER1/EGFR) is dysregulated in many solid tumors, making it an attractive target for anticancer therapy. A number of agents that target this receptor are in use or in development. A specific adverse effect common to this class of agent is a papulopustular rash, usually on the face and upper torso, which generally occurs in a dose-dependent manner. Little is known about the etiology of this rash, and there are no clear evidence-based management recommendations. Histologic data indicate that rash may be caused by HER1/EGFR inhibition in skin, although this has not been confirmed. Findings suggest that there is a relationship between the development of rash and response and/or survival, making rash a potential surrogate marker of activity. Data from multiple studies with cetuximab and erlotinib show a consistent relationship between rash and response, as well as between rash and survival. The relationship between rash and clinical outcome is currently less consistent for gefitinib. Some studies report a correlation, whereas others do not. The cause of the possible relationship between rash and clinical benefit remains unclear at this time, and additional studies are needed to determine the clinical utility of this observation.
Laser-based ultrasonic generation and detection of zero-group velocity Lamb waves in thin plates (2005)

A novel laser-based ultrasonic technique for the inspection of thin plates and membranes is presented, in which a modulated continuous-wave laser source is used to excite narrow bandwidth Lamb waves. The dominant feature in the acoustic spectrum is a sharp resonance peak that occurs at the minimum frequency of the first-order symmetric Lamb mode, where the group velocity of the Lamb wave goes to zero while the phase velocity remains finite. Experimental results with the laser source and receiver on epicenter demonstrate that the zero-group velocity resonance generated with a low-power modulated excitation source can be detected using a Michelson interferometer coupled to a lock-in amplifier. This resonance peak is sensitive to the thickness and mechanical properties of plates and may be suitable, for example, for the measurement and mapping of nanoscale thickness variations.
Aromatase Inhibitors from <i>Broussonetia </i><i>p</i><i>apyrifera</i> (2001)

Bioassay-guided fractionation of an ethyl acetate-soluble extract from the whole plants of Broussonetia papyrifera, using an in vitro aromatase inhibition assay, led to the isolation of five new active compounds, 5,7,2',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-geranylflavone (1), isogemichalcone C (8), 3'-[gamma-hydroxymethyl-(E)-gamma-methylallyl]-2,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalcone 11'-O-coumarate (9), demethylmoracin I (10), and (2S)-2',4'-dihydroxy-2' '-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)dihydrofuro[2,3-h]flavanone (11), and 10 known (12-21) compounds which were also found to be active. Of these compounds, the most potent were 9 (IC(50) 0.5 microM), 11 (IC(50) 0.1 microM), isolicoflavonol (12, IC(50) 0.1 microM), and (2S)-abyssinone II (13, IC(50) 0.4 microM). Additionally, six new compounds, 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-6-geranylflavonol (2), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxy-6-geranylflavone (3), (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxy-3'-prenylflavan (4), 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (5), 1-(2,4-dihydroxy-3-prenylphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane (6), and 1-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-prenylphenyl)propane (7), were isolated and characterized, but proved to be inactive as aromatase inhibitors, as were an additional 21 known compounds. The structures of the new compounds (1-11) were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Structure-activity relationships in the aromatase assay were determined for the benzofurans, biphenylpropanoids, coumarins, and various types of flavonoids (chalcones, flavans, flavanones, and flavones) obtained among a total of 42 constituents of B. papyrifera.
Targets of selection in the Thoroughbred genome contain exercise‐relevant gene SNPs associated with elite racecourse performance (2010)

Athletic performance is influenced by a complex interplay among the environment and a suite of genes, which contributes to system-wide structure and function. In a panel of elite and non-elite Thoroughbred horses (n=148), we genotyped 68 SNPs in 17 putative exercise-relevant genes chosen from a genome scan for selection. We performed a series of case-control and quantitative association tests for relationships with racecourse performance. Thirteen SNPs in nine genes were significantly (P<0.05) associated with a performance phenotype. We selected five SNPs in four genes (ACSS1, ACN9, COX4I1, PDK4) for validation in an independent sample set of elite and non-elite Thoroughbreds (n=130). Two SNPs in the PDK4 gene were validated (P<0.01) for associations with elite racing performance. When all samples were considered together (n=278), the PDK4_ 38973231 SNP was strongly associated (P<0.0005) with elite racing performance. Individuals with the A:A and A:G genotypes had a 16.2-16.6 lb advantage over G:G individuals in terms of handicap rating. Re-sequencing of the PDK4 gene and further genotyping will be required to identify the causative variant that is likely influencing exercise-induced variation in expression of the gene. Notwithstanding, this information may be employed as a marker for the selection of racehorses with the genetic potential for superior racing ability.
<title>Transportable megapixel gamma camera</title> (2001)

A new gamma camera with intrinsically high-resolution is described. A scintillating crystal is imaged onto a photon-counting 2D imaging detector. Most of the light is directed to PMTs for energy determination in this patented detector. Detection time and position can be recorded. Time resolution is as fine as the scintillation pulse allows. Sub-millimeter resolution has been achieved and 2048 linear pixels are possible. We are fabricating a transportable detector with 25 cm sensitive diameter and 1024x1024 pixels. Results taken with a prototype detector are presented.
Enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis using modified zeolite catalysts (2001)

An enantioselective heterogeneous aziridination catalyst is described which is based upon an approach in which cations are anchored by ion-exchange within a microporous or a mesoporous material. The cations can be modified using chiral ligands to form an enantioselective catalyst that is wholly heterogeneous and can be readily reused Using this approach it is shown that copper-exchanged zeolite HY is a highly active catalyst for the aziridination of alkenes. Modification using bis(oxazolidines) lends to the formation of am enantioselective aziridination catalyst.
Optically-induced Quasi-Phase-Matching in high-harmonic generation (2008)

Weak counter-propagating pulse trains or multiple quasi-cw waves can induce complex amplitude and phase modulated structures in the high-harmonic field. These “photonic” structures can be used for quasi-phase-matching the high-harmonic generation process.
Comparison of Measurement Methods for Electronic Cigarette Puff Topography (2020)

The mouthpiece-based eTop measures ECIG topography precisely as when no mouthpiece is used, and interferes minimally with subjective ECIG experience. Reliable and valid ECIG topography measurement methods are an important regulatory tool, as they can be used to understand the interplay between product design and user behavior to predict toxicant exposure.
<title>Laser scleral buckling: a new method to treat retinal detachment</title> (1993)

Scleral indentation was induced in cadaver eyes by shrinkage of scleral collagen fibers using a pulsed solid state Ho:YAG (2.1 micrometers ) laser with fiber optic delivery. Applying Ho:YAG laser radiation permits control of the amount of laser induced buckling effect by selecting laser treatment parameters such as beam spot, radiant exposure, and number of pulses. With treatment using 11.3 +/- 1.2 J/cm<SUP>2</SUP> laser radiant exposure and 5 pulses, laser induced scleral shrinkage affected only the external two-thirds of scleral tissue. No thermal damage or disruption was observed in subjacent retinal pigment epithelium, chorioid, or retina. Coupling of two appropriately selected lasers may allow laser induced scleral buckling and transscleral retinal photocoagulation using the same laser probe for retinal reattachment surgery.
Cleavage of Toll-Like Receptor 9 Ectodomain Is Required for In Vivo Responses to Single Strand DNA (2018)

Mouse toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is an endosomal sensor for single-stranded DNA. TLR9 is transported from the endoplasmic reticulum to endolysosomes by a multiple transmembrane protein Unc93 homolog B1, and proteolytically cleaved at its ectodomain. The structure of TLR9 and its biochemical analyses have shown that the proteolytic cleavage of TLR9 ectodomain enables TLR9-dimerization and TLR9 activation. However, the requirement of TLR9 cleavage <i>in vivo</i> has not been studied. We here show that the 13 amino acids deletion at the cleavage site made TLR9 resistant to proteolytic cleavage. The deletion mutation in the <i>Tlr9</i> gene impaired TLR9-dependent cytokine production in conventional dendritic cells from the mutant mice. Not only <i>in vitro, in vivo</i> production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-12p40), chemokine (CCR5/RANTES), and type I interferon (IFN-α) induced by administration of TLR9 ligand was also impaired. These results demonstrate that the TLR9 cleavage is required for TLR9 responses <i>in vivo</i>.
Reconfigurable dipole-chassis antennas for small terminal MIMO applications (2011)

Presented is a wideband reconfigurable MIMO antenna, which is the combination of a reconfigurable balanced dipole and a two-port chassis antenna. Measurements show that the prototype antenna can tune the operating frequency from 646 to 848 MHz and 1648 to 2074 MHz with instantaneous bandwidths of 14–93 MHz. The proposed MIMO antenna provides low correlation and high efficiency within these operating bands.
Aromatase gene expression in adipose tissue: relationship to breast cancer. (1994)

Extraglandular conversion of C19 steroids to estrogens takes place primarily in the stromal cell component of adipose tissue and is catalyzed by aromatase cytochrome P450 (P450arom; the product of the CYP19 gene). CYP19 gene expression and aromatase activity in breast adipose stromal cells in culture are subject to complex hormonal regulation, which was recently found to be mediated in part by alternative use of tissue-specific promoters of the CYP19 gene. It has been proposed that increased local aromatase activity in breast adipose tissue may influence the growth of breast carcinomas. Using competitive RT-PCR, we quantified P450arom transcripts in breast adipose tissue from mastectomy specimens. In 10/15 patients, highest transcript levels were found in the quadrant where the tumor was located. We also found the highest proportions of adipose stromal cells versus adipocytes in those quadrants. Such findings suggest that regional differences in the relative proportions of the various histologic components give rise to locally elevated concentrations of estrogens. Although the initiating events are not known, once a neoplastic change has occurred, tumor growth may be promoted by the locally increased estrogen levels. We are currently investigating alternative promoter use for CYP19 gene transcription to explain this association. Our results underscore the importance of aromatase inhibitors as effective agents in treatment of hormone-responsive breast cancer, since aromatase inhibitors reduce local aromatase activity as well as blood estradiol levels.