gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bisphosphonates: Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Use in Osteoporosis - An Update (1997)

Bisphosphonates are a new class of compounds with the ability to decrease bone resorption. Their mode of action appears to be complex, involving both a direct effect on the osteoclasts and an indirect one through osteoblasts. They are currently the drugs of choice in humans for Paget's disease and tumor bone disease, and are most useful in various types of osteoporosis. In view of their low toxicity, they are a most valuable addition to our therapeutic possibilities in the treatment of bone diseases.
Phase II Trial of Recombinant Alpha-2b Interferon in the Treatment of Metastatic Skin Melanoma (1989)

A pilot study was undertaken to evaluate toxicity and activity of recombinant alpha-2b interferon in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. Interferon was administered at the dosage of 10 x 10(6) IU/m2, 3 times a week i.m. 21 patients entered the study, 17 pretreated with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy and 6 untreated. We obtained 3 partial responses (14.3%; 95% CL, 3.0-36.3%); 9 patients had stable disease. All patients experienced flue-like symptoms and fever; most fatigue and worsening of performance status. Recombinant interferon alpha-2b at the dosage and schedule used has limited but definite activity in metastatic malignant melanoma; the substantial subjective toxicity must be taken into consideration. Further trials testing recombinant alpha interferon in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, like DTIC, are warranted.
BRANCHING OF TWO-PHASE FLOW FROM A VERTICAL HEADER TO HORIZONTAL PARALLEL CHANNELS (2023)

The objective of the present experimental work is to investigate the two-phase flow distribution from a vertical main to parallel horizontal branches. Both the main and the branches have rectangular cross-sections simulating the header and the channels of the compact heat exchangers for air-conditioning systems. The cross section of the main is 8 mm × 8 mm while that of the parallel branches is 8 mm × 1 mm. Here, the second (downstream) junction was taken as the reference. The effect of the distance between the branches was mainly examined by changing it from 9 mm to 49 mm for the given flow conditions at the inlet of the downstream junction. Air and water were used as the test fluids. The superficial velocity ranges of air and water at the test section inlet were 13.2 − 21.4 m/s and 0.08 − 0.28 m/s, respectively. When the branch spacing becomes smaller, the fraction of liquid separation through the downstream branch decreases. The trend remains the same over the entire range of the present experiment, i.e., for different values of quality and the mass flow rate at' the inlet of the downstream junction. Based on the correlation for single T-junctions, a modified correlation was proposed to take into account the effect of the branch distance in predicting the fraction of liquid separation. The correlation represents the experimental results within the accuracy of ± 20 %.
Hypertonic Saline Resuscitation Decreases Susceptibility to Sepsis after Hemorrhagic Shock (1997)

HTS resuscitation leads to increased survival after hemorrhage and CLP. Marked improvements were observed in lung and liver injury compared with isotonic resuscitation. The better containment of the infection observed with HTS resuscitation corresponds to a marked decreased in bacteremia. HTS resuscitation stands as an alternative resuscitation regimen with immunomodulatory potential.
Design of high-efficiency organic dyes for titania solar cells based on the chromophoric core of cyclopentadithiophene-benzothiadiazole (2013)

Based upon the chromophoric core of cyclopentadithiophene-benzothiadiazole, we have finely tailored a metal-free organic dye which displays power conversion efficiencies at various irradiances of the simulated air mass (AM) 1.5 sunlight of 11.5–12.8%, setting a new benchmark for organic dye-sensitized solar cells.
Modulation of 5-fluorouracil toxicity by uridine, deoxyuridine, orotate and dipyridamole in normal tissues of rats with liver adenocarcinoma. (1992)

The cytotoxicity of 5-FU, given by the hepatic artery, was measured by its incorporation into the acid soluble fraction, RNA and DNA in normal tissues and an adenocarcinoma transplanted into the liver in rats. Other substances were simultaneously administered by the portal vein to modulate the cytotoxicity. None of them had any significant influence on the incorporation of 5-FU into tumor. Dipyridamole decreased the incorporation of 5-FU into liver RNA and increased the nucleotide/DNA and RNA/DNA ratios so that the incorporation into mg RNA per liver cell was unchanged. Dipyridamole decreased the incorporation into the acid soluble fraction, RNA and DNA of the small intestine and also into RNA per mg DNA. It increased the nucleotide/RNA and RNA/DNA ratios in the bone marrow. Orotate decreased the incorporation into liver and intestinal RNA. Uridine increased the incorporation into liver RNA. The results obtained with dipyridamole were the most pronounced. Studies are continuing with this and other membrane transport inhibitors.
Cutting Edge: Bcl-3 Up-Regulation by Signal 3 Cytokine (IL-12) Prolongs Survival of Antigen-Activated CD8 T Cells (2005)

Clonal expansion of T cells requires cell division and survival during the proliferative phase of the response. Naive murine CD8 T cells responding to Ag and costimulation undergo an abortive response characterized by impaired clonal expansion, failure to develop effector functions, and long-term tolerance. A third signal provided by IL-12 is required for full expansion, activation, and establishment of memory. The enhanced survival, and thus clonal expansion, supported by IL-12 is not due to increased Bcl-2 or Bcl-x(L) expression; both are maximally activated by signals 1 and 2. In contrast, Bcl-3, recently shown to enhance survival when ectopically expressed in T cells, is increased only when IL-12 is present. Furthermore, examination of Bcl-3-deficient CD8 T cells demonstrates that the increased survival caused by IL-12 depends upon Bcl-3. The time courses of expression suggest that Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) promote survival early in the response, whereas Bcl-3 acts later in the response.
The immunopathogenesis of meningococcal disease: Table 1 (2003)

This review describes the mechanisms of the immune response to meningococcal disease, examining the extent to which individual variation of the immune response can determine susceptibility. It concludes by summarising the difficulties encountered by recent efforts to develop new immunomodulatory treatments.
Innovation and Best Practices in Health Care Scheduling (2015)

*The views expressed in this discussion paper are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the authors’ organizations, the Institute of Medicine, or the National Academies. The paper is intended to help inform and stimulate discussion. It has not been subjected to the review procedures of the Institute of Medicine or National Academies and is not a report of the Institute of Medicine, the National Academies, or the National Research Council.
Collective unconscious: How gut microbes shape human behavior (2015)

The human gut harbors a dynamic and complex microbial ecosystem, consisting of approximately 1 kg of bacteria in the average adult, approximately the weight of the human brain. The evolutionary formation of a complex gut microbiota in mammals has played an important role in enabling brain development and perhaps sophisticated social interaction. Genes within the human gut microbiota, termed the microbiome, significantly outnumber human genes in the body, and are capable of producing a myriad of neuroactive compounds. Gut microbes are part of the unconscious system regulating behavior. Recent investigations indicate that these microbes majorly impact on cognitive function and fundamental behavior patterns, such as social interaction and stress management. In the absence of microbes, underlying neurochemistry is profoundly altered. Studies of gut microbes may play an important role in advancing understanding of disorders of cognitive functioning and social interaction, such as autism.
Mystery ECG (1981)

Articles| July 01 1981 Mystery ECG JW Ward, Jr JW Ward, Jr Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Crit Care Nurse (1981) 1 (4): 4–5. https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn1981.1.4.4 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation JW Ward; Mystery ECG. Crit Care Nurse 1 July 1981; 1 (4): 4–5. doi: https://doi.org/10.4037/ccn1981.1.4.4 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCritical Care Nurse Search Advanced Search You do not currently have access to this content.
Effect of a dominant inhibitory Ha-ras mutation on mitogenic signal transduction in NIH 3T3 cells. (1990)

We used a dominant inhibitory mutation of c-Ha-ras which changes Ser-17 to Asn-17 in the gene product p21 [p21(Asn-17)Ha-ras] to investigate ras function in mitogenic signal transduction. An NIH 3T3 cell line [NIH(M17)] was isolated that displayed inducible expression of the mutant Ha-ras gene (Ha-ras Asn-17) via the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat and was growth inhibited by dexamethasone. The effect of dexamethasone induction on response of quiescent NIH(M17) cells to mitogens was then analyzed. Stimulation of DNA synthesis by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) was completely blocked by p21(Asn-17) expression, and stimulation by serum, fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor was partially inhibited. However, the induction of fos, jun, and myc by EGF and TPA was not significantly inhibited in this cell line. An effect of p21(Asn-17) on fos induction was, however, demonstrated in transient expression assays in which quiescent NIH 3T3 cells were cotransfected with a fos-cat receptor plasmid plus a Ha-ras Asn-17 expression vector. In this assay, p21(Asn-17) inhibited chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression induced by EGF and other growth factors. In contrast to its effect on DNA synthesis, however, Ha-ras Asn-17 expression did not inhibit fos-cat expression induced by TPA. Conversely, downregulation of protein kinase C did not inhibit fos-cat induction by activated ras or other oncogenes. These results suggest that ras proteins are involved in at least two parallel mitogenic signal transduction pathways, one of which is independent of protein kinase C. Although either pathway alone appears to be sufficient to induce fos, both appear to be necessary to induce the full mitogenic response.
Wireless Goes Process Automation ¿ Challenges in Hazardous Areas (2007)

Wireless is predicted to be one of the fastest growing technologies in the area of automation technology in the upcoming years. It is obvious that the ongoing trend towards wireless transmission of data like e.g. WLAN, Bluetooth, ZigBee is entering the hazardous areas of the chemical, petro-chemical or pharmaceutical industry too. There is unfortunately not the one and only technology covering all needs. The applied wireless solution need to be selected carefully based on the demands of the application. Beside all mentioned challenges in the field of wireless functions what are the specifics when wireless enters the hazardous area? Could a wireless signal become an ignition source? What are the limits for the radiated power? How could wireless technology be implemented in the hazardous area? What is the best and most effective way to install it? The presentation discusses these questions and will explain solutions with the advantages and disadvantages. The Pros and Cons of available and future explosion protection techniques will be discussed with the necessary background information and standards.
A Public Key Block Cipher Based on Multivariate Quadratic Quasigroups (2008)

We have designed a new class of public key algorithms based on quasigroup string transformations using a specific class of quasigroups called multivariate quadratic quasigroups (MQQ). Our public key algorithm is a bijective mapping, it does not perform message expansions and can be used both for encryption and signatures. The public key consist of n quadratic polynomials with n variables where n=140, 160, ... . A particular characteristic of our public key algorithm is that it is very fast and highly parallelizable. More concretely, it has the speed of a typical modern symmetric block cipher - the reason for the phrase "A Public Key Block Cipher" in the title of this paper. Namely the reference C code for the 160-bit variant of the algorithm performs decryption in less than 11,000 cycles (on Intel Core 2 Duo -- using only one processor core), and around 6,000 cycles using two CPU cores and OpenMP 2.0 library. However, implemented in Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA that is running on 249.4 MHz it achieves decryption throughput of 399 Mbps, and implemented on four Xilinx Virtex-5 chips that are running on 276.7 MHz it achieves encryption throughput of 44.27 Gbps. Compared to fastest RSA implementations on similar FPGA platforms, MQQ algorithm is more than 10,000 times faster.
Residual platelet factor V ensures thrombin generation in patients with severe congenital factor V deficiency and mild bleeding symptoms (2009)

Coagulation factor V (FV), present in plasma and platelets, is indispensable to thrombin formation, yet patients with undetectable plasma FV seldom experience major bleeding. We used thrombin generation assays to explore the role of platelet FV in 4 patients with severe congenital FV deficiency (3 with plasma FV clotting activity [FV:C] < 1%). When triggered with tissue factor (TF) concentrations up to 50pM, platelet-poor plasma (PPP) from the patients with undetectable plasma FV showed no thrombin generation, whereas platelet-rich plasma (PRP) formed thrombin already at 1 to 5pM of TF. Thrombin generation in PRP from the FV-deficient patients was enhanced to near-normal levels by platelet activators (collagen or Ca(2+)-ionophore) and could be completely suppressed by specific FV inhibitors, suggesting FV dependence. Accordingly, platelet FV antigen and activity were measurable in all FV-deficient patients and platelet FVa could be visualized by Western blotting. Normalization of the tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) level, which is physiologically low in FV-deficient plasma, almost completely abolished thrombin generation in PRP from the FV-deficient patients. In conclusion, patients with undetectable plasma FV may contain functional FV in their platelets. In combination with low TFPI level, residual platelet FV allows sufficient thrombin generation to rescue these patients from fatal bleeding.
Normal liver tissue sparing by intensity-modulated proton stereotactic body radiotherapy for solitary liver tumours (2011)

A considerable sparing of normal liver tissue can be obtained using proton-based SBRT for solitary liver tumours.
Energy Prediction for EVs Using Support Vector Regression Methods. (2014)

This paper presents the application of machine learning algorithms for an accurate estimation of the energy consumption of electric vehicles (EVs). Normalised energy consumption values and speed profiles are collected from various EVs for a cloud-based prediction approach. We predict the necessary energy for each road segment on the basis of crowd-sourced data. Support vector machines, which are trained by the collected historical data of the driver, predict the deviation from the average energy consumption on each road segment. As a result, the prediction of propulsion energy consumption for EVs before the start of a trip has a relative mean error of less than 6.7%.
The Multifactorial Basis for Plant Health Promotion by Plant-Associated Bacteria (2011)

On plants, microbial populations interact with each other and their host through the actions of secreted metabolites. However, the combined action of diverse organisms and their different metabolites on plant health has yet to be fully appreciated. Here, the multifactorial nature of these interactions, at the organismal and molecular level, leading to the biological control of plant diseases is reviewed. To do so, we describe in detail the ecological significance of three different classes of secondary metabolites and discuss how they might contribute to biological control. Specifically, the roles of auxin, acetoin, and phenazines are considered, because they represent very different but important types of secondary metabolites. We also describe how studies of the global regulation of bacterial secondary metabolism have led to the discovery of new genes and phenotypes related to plant health promotion. In conclusion, we describe three avenues for future research that will help to integrate these complex and diverse observations into a more coherent synthesis of bacterially mediated biocontrol of plant diseases.
TIL therapy broadens the tumor-reactive CD8<sup>+</sup>T cell compartment in melanoma patients (2012)

There is strong evidence that both adoptive T cell transfer and T cell checkpoint blockade can lead to regression of human melanoma. However, little data are available on the effect of these cancer therapies on the tumor-reactive T cell compartment. To address this issue we have profiled therapy-induced T cell reactivity against a panel of 145 melanoma-associated CD8(+) T cell epitopes. Using this approach, we demonstrate that individual tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte cell products from melanoma patients contain unique patterns of reactivity against shared melanoma-associated antigens, and that the combined magnitude of these responses is surprisingly low. Importantly, TIL therapy increases the breadth of the tumor-reactive T cell compartment in vivo, and T cell reactivity observed post-therapy can almost in full be explained by the reactivity observed within the matched cell product. These results establish the value of high-throughput monitoring for the analysis of immuno-active therapeutics and suggest that the clinical efficacy of TIL therapy can be enhanced by the preparation of more defined tumor-reactive T cell products.
Botulinum a Toxin Effects on Rat Jaw Muscle Spindles (1993)

Botulinum A toxin (Botox) is used for the treatment of many muscular dystonias. However, the relief of the sustained and abnormal postures induced by Botox administration is not fully explained. In this work the possibility was considered that Botox can produce a block not only at the alpha motor endings, but also at the gamma motor endings, consequently reducing the spindle inflow to the alpha motoneurons, which have a great role in maintaining the tonic myotatic reflex. Jaw muscle spindle discharge was recorded before and after Botox injection in the deep masseter muscle. The drug consistently reduced the spindle afferent discharge. Such an effect is suggested to be direct on gamma endings as: i) muscle tension was not modified by Botox during the recording time; ii) saline administration never changed the spindle discharge. The Botox effect on muscle spindles suggests that the relief from dystonias could be due not only to a partial motor paralysis, but also to a decrease of the reflex muscular tone.
Motion detection based on two-piece linear approximation for cumulative histograms of ratio images in intelligent transportation systems (2004)

Motion detection is widely used as the key module for extracting moving objects from image sequences in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In most of the motion detection methods, backgrounds are subtracted from the captured images. This category of methods is called background subtraction. Since standard intensity can be expressed as the multiplication of illumination and reflectance, illumination changes will produce a poor difference image from background subtraction and affect the accuracy of motion detection. In this paper, we use ratio images as the basis of motion detection. To suitably threshold the target images, two-piece linear approximation is proposed for cumulative histograms to prevent the problems in the searching of peaks and valleys in histograms. Experimental results demonstrate that two-piece linear approximation for cumulative histograms performs very well in thresholding the target images. Moreover, the superiority of motion detection based on ratio images over motion detection based on difference images is also depicted in the experiments.
DBToaster: Agile Views for a Dynamic Data Management System. (2011)

This paper calls for a new breed of lightweight systems – dynamic data management systems (DDMS). In a nutshell, a DDMS manages large dynamic data structures with agile, frequently fresh views, and provides a facility for monitoring these views and triggering application-level events. We motivate DDMS with applications in large-scale data analytics, database monitoring, and high-frequency algorithmic trading. We compare DDMS to more traditional data management systems architectures. We present the DBToaster project, which is an ongoing effort to develop a prototype DDMS system. We describe its architecture design, techniques for high-frequency incremental view maintenance, storage, scaling up by parallelization, and the various key challenges to overcome to make DDMS a reality. 1.
Kinetic Mechanism of Glutathione Synthetase from Arabidopsis thaliana (2004)

Glutathione synthetase (GS) catalyzes the ATP-dependent formation of the ubiquitous peptide glutathione from gamma-glutamylcysteine and glycine. The bacterial and eukaryotic GS form two distinct families lacking amino acid sequence homology. Moreover, the detailed kinetic mechanism of the bacterial and the eukaryotic GS remains unclear. Here we have overexpressed Arabidopsis thaliana GS (AtGS) in an Escherichia coli expression system and purified the recombinant enzyme for biochemical characterization. AtGS is functional as a homodimeric protein with steady-state kinetic properties similar to those of other eukaryotic GS. The kinetic mechanism of AtGS was investigated using initial velocity methods and product inhibition studies. The best fit of the observed data was to the equation for a random Ter-reactant mechanism in which dependencies between the binding of some substrate pairs were preferred. The binding of either ATP or gamma-glutamylcysteine increased the binding affinity of AtGS for the other substrate by 10-fold. Likewise, the binding of ATP or glycine increased binding affinity for the other ligand by 3.5-fold. In contrast, binding of either glycine or gamma-glutamylcysteine causes a 6.7-fold decrease in binding affinity for the second molecule. Product inhibition studies suggest that ADP is the last product released from the enzyme. Overall, these observations are consistent with a random Ter-reactant mechanism for the eukaryotic GS in which the binding order of certain substrates is kinetically preferred for catalysis.
On a time reduction of pitch searching by the regular pulse search technique in the CELP vocoder (2002)

Code excited linear prediction (CELP) speech coders exhibit good performance at data rates as low as 4800 bps. The major drawback of CELP type coders is the large amount of computational time. In this paper, we propose a new pitch codebook search method that restricts some range of the pitch searching by using the regular pulse excitation (RPE) searching technique. Applying the proposed method to the 8 kbps CELP vocoder, we can get approximately 48% complexity reduction in the pitch search.