gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Multi-camera Matching using Bi-Directional Cumulative Brightness Transfer Functions (2008)

The appearance of individuals captured by multiple non-overlapping cameras varies greatly due to pose and illumination changes between camera views. In this paper we address the problem of dealing with illumination changes in order to recover matching of individuals appearing at different camera sites. This task is challenging as accurately mapping colour changes between views requires an exhaustive set of corresponding chromatic brightness values to be collected, which is very difficult in real world scenarios. We propose a Cumulative Brightness Transfer Function (CBTF) for mapping colour between cameras located at different physical sites, which makes better use of the available colour information from a very sparse training set. In addition we develop a bi-directional mapping approach to obtain a more accurate similarity measure between a pair of candidate objects. We evaluate the proposed method using challenging datasets obtained from real world distributed CCTV camera networks. The results demonstrate that our bi-directional CBTF method significantly outperforms existing techniques.
Factors That Control the Tissue-Specific Transcription of the Gene for Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase-C (2005)

Transcription of the gene for PEPCK-C occurs in a number of mammalian tissues, with highest expression occurring in the liver, kidney cortex, and white and brown adipose tissue. Several hormones and other factors, including glucagon, epinephrine, insulin, glucocorticoids and metabolic acidosis, control this process in three responsive tissues, liver, adipose tissue, and kidney cortex. Expression of the gene in these three tissues in regulated in a different manner, responding to the specific physiological role of the tissue. The PEPCK-C gene promoter has been extensively studied and a number of regulatory regions identified that bind key transcription factors and render the gene responsive to hormonal and dietary stimuli. This review will focus on the control of transcription for the gene, with special emphasis on our current understanding of the transcription factors that are involved in the response of PEPCK-C gene in specific tissues. We have also reviewed the biological function of PEPCK-C in each of the tissues discussed in this review, in order to place the control of PEPCK-C gene transcription in the appropriate physiological context. Because of its extraordinary importance in mammalian metabolism and its broad pattern of tissue-specific expression, the PEPCK-C gene has become a model for studying the biological basis of the control of gene transcription.
ORCA: A Network and Architecture Co-design for Offloading us-scale Datacenter Applications (2022)

Responding to the "datacenter tax" and "killer microseconds" problems for datacenter applications, diverse solutions including Smart NIC-based ones have been proposed. Nonetheless, they often suffer from high overhead of communications over network and/or PCIe links. To tackle the limitations of the current solutions, this paper proposes ORCA, a holistic network and architecture co-design solution that leverages current RDMA and emerging cache-coherent off-chip interconnect technologies. Specifically, ORCA consists of four hardware and software components: (1) unified abstraction of inter- and intra-machine communications managed by one-sided RDMA write and cache-coherent memory write; (2) efficient notification of requests to accelerators assisted by cache coherence; (3) cache-coherent accelerator architecture directly processing requests received by NIC; and (4) adaptive device-to-host data transfer for modern server memory systems consisting of both DRAM and NVM exploiting state-of-the-art features in CPUs and PCIe. We prototype ORCA with a commercial system and evaluate three popular datacenter applications: in-memory key-value store, chain replication-based distributed transaction system, and deep learning recommendation model inference. The evaluation shows that ORCA provides 30.1~69.1% lower latency, up to 2.5x higher throughput, and 3x higher power efficiency than the current state-of-the-art solutions.
Computation Error Analysis of Block Floating Point Arithmetic Oriented Convolution Neural Network Accelerator Design (2017)

The heavy burdens of computation and off-chip traffic impede deploying the large scale convolution neural network on embedded platforms. As CNN is attributed to the strong endurance to computation errors, employing block floating point (BFP) arithmetics in CNN accelerators could save the hardware cost and data traffics efficiently, while maintaining the classification accuracy. In this paper, we verify the effects of word width definitions in BFP to the CNN performance without retraining. Several typical CNN models, including VGG16, ResNet-18, ResNet-50 and GoogLeNet, were tested in this paper. Experiments revealed that 8-bit mantissa, including sign bit, in BFP representation merely induced less than 0.3% accuracy loss. In addition, we investigate the computational errors in theory and develop the noise-to-signal ratio (NSR) upper bound, which provides the promising guidance for BFP based CNN engine design.
논문 : 식물의 혼과 플라톤의 채식주의: 『티마이오스』 76e8-77c4 (2015)

플라톤의 『티마이오스』에는 다양한 종류의 혼들의 제작에 관한이야기가 나온다. 우주 제작자인 데미우르고스는 먼저 세계의 혼을 제작했고, 다음으로 별들의 혼을 만들었으며, 마지막으로 인간의 혼을 만든다. 데미우르고스는 본성상 훌륭하기 때문에 그 작품 역시 제작자를 닮아 훌륭핟. 따라서 데미우르고스가 만든 혼은 불사이며 신적이다. 반면, 식물의 혼은 데미우르고스가직접 제작하지 않고 자신의 보조자들인 별의 신들에게 그 제작을 맡긴다. 별의신들은 데미우르고스에 비해서 열등하고 덜 훌륭하다. 따라서 별의 신들이 만든 식물의 혼은 데미우르고스가 만든 혼들과 달리 유한하고 가사적이다. 플라톤에 따르면, 식물의 존재 이유는 인간의 생존에 있다. 즉 인간의 경우 혼이 불사적인 것과 달리 몸은 사멸적이기 때문에, 신체의 마모를 지연시키고 인간의생존을 연장시켜주기 위한 먹을거리로서 식물을 창조했다는 것이다. 그런데 플라톤이 명시적으로는 언급하고 있지 않지만, 이 논의는 인간이 식물 이외의 다른 동물을 식량으로 사용해서는 안 된다는 입장을 함축하는 것처럼 보인다. 왜냐하면 동물은 따로 만들어진 것이 아니라 윤회 속에서 인간이 변한 것이기에, 동물을 잡아먹는 행위는 결과적으로 제 동족을 잡아먹는 일이 될 것이기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 인간의 식량을 위해 창조된 식물의 특성에 대하여 그 혼의 본성을 중심으로 살펴보고, 식물의 혼에 관한 논의가 플라톤의 혼 이론 전반 및윤리학과 만나는 속에서 채식주의의 입장으로 귀결됨을 드러내보이고자 한다.
Regulation of Tumor Progression by Extracellular Galectin-3 (2008)

The relationship between a tumor cell and its microenvironment is bi-directional. The proteins expressed by the tumor cells alter the signatures on the seemingly normal stromal cells within the microenvironment, while the tumor cell signatures reflect the changes that occur as these cells interact with the host microenvironment. Galectin-3 is a carbohydrate-binding protein that is over-expressed in a variety of tumors and immune cells in response to various stimuli. Ever since its discovery, it has been associated with cell and extracellular matrix interactions. However, in the last decade, an extensive accumulation of data has changed the perspective of this multifunctional protein. The unique structure of this protein, consisting of a carbohydrate-binding domain and a matrix metalloproteinase cleavable domain, enables it to interact with a plethora of ligands in a carbohydrate-dependent or independent manner. It is now becoming evident that galectin-3 is involved with a variety of extracellular functions like cell adhesion, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, immune functions, apoptosis and endocytosis. Galectin-3 is a substrate for matrix metalloproteinases and its cleavage plays an important role in tumor progression and can be used as a surrogate diagnostic marker for in vivo MMP activity.
Infectious Agents Associated with Fetal and Early Neonatal Death and Abortion in Swine (1978)

Laboratory examination of specimens from 824 porcine abortions over a 6-year period produced 320 (38.8%) diagnoses. Viruses were involved in 22% and bacteria in 16.5% of all cases. Enterovirus was the virus isolated most often (10.9%), followed by parvovirus (4.9%), reovirus (4.4%), pseudorabies virus (1%), and adenovirus (0.8%). Leptospirosis was the bacterial infection most commonly diagnosed (9.8%), with numerous miscellaneous bacterial and fungal infections making up the remainder (7.0%) of the infectious causes.
Potential benefits, unintended consequences, and future roles of artificial intelligence in orthopaedic surgery research (2022)

Artificial intelligence and machine-learning analytics have gained extensive popularity in recent years due to their clinically relevant applications. A wide range of proof-of-concept studies have demonstrated the ability of these analyses to personalize risk prediction, detect implant specifics from imaging, and monitor and assess patient movement and recovery. Though these applications are exciting and could potentially influence practice, it is imperative to understand when these analyses are indicated and where the data are derived from, prior to investing resources and confidence into the results and conclusions. In this article, we review the current benefits and potential limitations of machine-learning for the orthopaedic surgeon with a specific emphasis on data quality.
Linear Front End Module for 4G/5G LTE Advanced Applications (2018)

With explosive band proliferation as well the use of carrier aggregation (CA), multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques and 5G, research in the area of improving the cost, performance and the size of RF transmit solutions is very active with many developments over the past few years. The proliferation of worldwide smartphones has been in part possible due to increase computational power of CMOS technology in lower feature nodes as 7nm/14nm. This has also made it possible to enhance RF CMOS through digital signal processing (DSP) and digital calibration. Despite this progress there is a shift in terms of what parts of the RF system are portioned in advanced CMOS nodes and what blocks are left and integrated together with other analogue and RF blocks in a front-end module (FEM). This paper proposes a solution for this partitioning for lower cost and size and with high linearity performance and low noise which is mandatory for new 4G/5G multimode multiband (MMBA) FEM module. A 2.3GHz - 2.7GHz broadband CMOS FDD/TDD LTE Band 7, 38, 40 and 41 power amplifier (PA) fully integrated with a fast envelope tracker (ET) on a single 0.18μm CMOS die is presented, as well a method to integrate with a 4G/5G FEM. The CMOS PA and the tracker achieve a 37% overall efficiency for 26.5dBm and -39dBc ACLR1. This paper also presents how this module integrates into a full 4G/5G FEM for mobile applications.
Inferring the Joint Demographic History of Multiple Populations from Multidimensional SNP Frequency Data (2009)

Demographic models built from genetic data play important roles in illuminating prehistorical events and serving as null models in genome scans for selection. We introduce an inference method based on the joint frequency spectrum of genetic variants within and between populations. For candidate models we numerically compute the expected spectrum using a diffusion approximation to the one-locus, two-allele Wright-Fisher process, involving up to three simultaneous populations. Our approach is a composite likelihood scheme, since linkage between neutral loci alters the variance but not the expectation of the frequency spectrum. We thus use bootstraps incorporating linkage to estimate uncertainties for parameters and significance values for hypothesis tests. Our method can also incorporate selection on single sites, predicting the joint distribution of selected alleles among populations experiencing a bevy of evolutionary forces, including expansions, contractions, migrations, and admixture. We model human expansion out of Africa and the settlement of the New World, using 5 Mb of noncoding DNA resequenced in 68 individuals from 4 populations (YRI, CHB, CEU, and MXL) by the Environmental Genome Project. We infer divergence between West African and Eurasian populations 140 thousand years ago (95% confidence interval: 40-270 kya). This is earlier than other genetic studies, in part because we incorporate migration. We estimate the European (CEU) and East Asian (CHB) divergence time to be 23 kya (95% c.i.: 17-43 kya), long after archeological evidence places modern humans in Europe. Finally, we estimate divergence between East Asians (CHB) and Mexican-Americans (MXL) of 22 kya (95% c.i.: 16.3-26.9 kya), and our analysis yields no evidence for subsequent migration. Furthermore, combining our demographic model with a previously estimated distribution of selective effects among newly arising amino acid mutations accurately predicts the frequency spectrum of nonsynonymous variants across three continental populations (YRI, CHB, CEU).
A Novel Three-Axial Force Tactile Sensor Based on the Fringing Effect of Electric Field (2019)

A novel flexible three-axial tactile sensor, which is composed of four interdigital capacitors, is presented in this paper. The operation of the sensor is based on the measurement of a load-induced capacitance change. For the configuration of the electrodes, four sensing electrodes and a public electrode are in the same plane, which is based on the fringing effect of the electric field. There are no floating electrodes which are beneficial to flexibility. The dielectric layer consists of air gap and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and the equivalent dielectric constant of the dielectric layer will be changed when the sensor is under external force, which causes the capacitance change. Different from the existing fringing effect tactile sensor, interdigital electrodes are adopted here to enhance the sensitivity and stability of the sensor. Finite element simulation and experimental results show that there is a great enhancement in sensitivity and stability.
Reconstructing web evolution and spider diversification in the molecular era (2009)

The evolutionary diversification of spiders is attributed to spectacular innovations in silk. Spiders are unique in synthesizing many different kinds of silk, and using silk for a variety of ecological functions throughout their lives, particularly to make prey-catching webs. Here, we construct a broad higher-level phylogeny of spiders combining molecular data with traditional morphological and behavioral characters. We use this phylogeny to test the hypothesis that the spider orb web evolved only once. We then examine spider diversification in relation to different web architectures and silk use. We find strong support for a single origin of orb webs, implying a major shift in the spinning of capture silk and repeated loss or transformation of orb webs. We show that abandonment of costly cribellate capture silk correlates with the 2 major diversification events in spiders (1). Replacement of cribellate silk by aqueous silk glue may explain the greater diversity of modern orb-weaving spiders (Araneoidea) compared with cribellate orb-weaving spiders (Deinopoidea) (2). Within the "RTA clade," which is the sister group to orb-weaving spiders and contains half of all spider diversity, >90% of species richness is associated with repeated loss of cribellate silk and abandonment of prey capture webs. Accompanying cribellum loss in both groups is a release from substrate-constrained webs, whether by aerially suspended webs, or by abandoning webs altogether. These behavioral shifts in silk and web production by spiders thus likely played a key role in the dramatic evolutionary success and ecological dominance of spiders as predators of insects.
Rapid formation of hydrogen‐producing granules in an anaerobic continuous stirred tank reactor induced by acid incubation (2006)

A novel approach to rapidly initiate granulation of hydrogen-producing sludge was developed in an anaerobic continuous stirred tank reactor at 37 degrees C. To induce microbial granulation, the acclimated culture was subject to an acid incubation for 24 h by shifting the culture pH from 5.5 to 2.0. The culture was resumed to pH 5.5 after the incubation and the reactor was operated at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 12, 6, 2, 1, and 0.5 h in sequence. Microbial aggregation took place immediately with the initiation of acid incubation and granules were developed at 114 h. No granule was observed in the absence of acid incubation in the control test. Changing the culture pH resulted in improvement in surface physicochemical properties of the culture favoring microbial granulation. The zeta potential increased from -11.6 to -3.5 mV, hydrophobicity in terms of contact angle improved from 31 degrees to 43 degrees and extracellular proteins/polysaccharides ratio increased from 0.2 to 0.5-0.8. Formation of granular sludge facilitated biomass retention of up to 32.2 g-VSS/L and enhanced hydrogen production. The hydrogen production rate and hydrogen yield increased with the reduction in HRT at an influent glucose concentration of 10 g/L once steady granular sludge layer was formed, achieving the respective peaks of 3.20 L/L x h and 1.81 mol-H(2)/mol-glucose at 0.5 h HRT. The experimental results suggested that acid incubation was able to initiate the rapid formation of hydrogen-producing granules by regulating the surface characteristics of microbial aggregates in a well-mixed reactor, which enhanced the hydrogen production.
Topical diacerein for epidermolysis bullosa: a randomized controlled pilot study (2013)

Blistering in epidermolysis bullosa simplex type Dowling-Meara (EBS-DM) is associated with an inflammatory phenotype, which can be disrupted by diacerein in vitro. In this pilot study we hypothesized, that a topical formulation of diacerein 1% reduces blistering. Five patients initially applied diacerein underneath both armpits. Then, each participant received 1% diacerein-cream for one armpit, and placebo for the other (randomized withdrawal). The number of blisters was reduced significantly (left: -78%; right: -66% of baseline) within two weeks and remained significantly below the initial level even during withdrawal in four patients. These findings point to a relevant effect of diacerein and provide important information for a confirmative study.
Validation of an in vitro single-impact load model of the initiation of osteoarthritis-like changes in articular cartilage (2006)

The objective of this study was the development and characterization of an in vitro model of the initiation of traumatic osteoarthritis (OA). Articular cartilage was obtained from seven healthy horses and from four horses diagnosed with OA. Cartilage disks were subjected to a single-impact load (500 g from 25, 50, or 100 mm) using a simple drop-tower device and cultured in vitro for up to 20 days. Cartilage sections were examined histologically to observe surface damage and proteoglycan loss. Percentage cell death was determined using TUNEL, release of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) to the medium was measured using the DMMB assay, and percentage weight gain calculated. Following a single-impact load and subsequent culture in vitro, articular cartilage explants demonstrated characteristic surface damage, proteoglycan loss, and chondrocyte death. This closely resembled degenerative changes observed in OA cartilage samples. A kinetic study showed that these degenerative changes (increased weight gain, GAG release into the medium, and chondrocyte death) were initiated within 48 h following impact and increased with recovery time in culture. These parameters were proportional to impact height, that is, impact energy. In conclusion, articular cartilage disks subjected to a single-impact load followed by 48 h of recovery time in culture in vitro developed traumatic OA-like changes. These changes can be quantified and compared, making the in vitro single-impact load model a useful tool for the elucidation of the early molecular pathways involved in the process leading from trauma to cartilage degeneration.
Functional Implications of the Subcellular Localization of Ethylene-Induced Chitinase and b-1,3-Glucanase in Bean Leaves (1989)

Felix Mauch, L. Andrew Staehelin, Functional Implications of the Subcellular Localization of Ethylene-Induced Chitinase and β-1,3-Glucanase in Bean Leaves, The Plant Cell, Vol. 1, No. 4 (Apr., 1989), pp. 447-457
A rapid, sensitive, reproducible and cost-effective method for mutation profiling of colon cancer and metastatic lymph nodes (2010)

ClinicalTrials.gov: NSABP C-07: NCT00004931.
Electrochemically Reversible Sodium Intercalation of Layered NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 and NaCrO2 (2009)

Electrochemical activities of NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 and NaCrO2, having the analogous layered structure to LiCoO2, were investigated in 1 mol dm-3 NaClO4 propylene carbonate at room temperature. Almost all sodium ions were extracted from the NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 and NaCrO2 electrodes by galvanostatic oxidation to 4.5 V accompanied with several phase transitions. Layered NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 electrode showed a highly reversible capacity of 185 mAh g-1 as positive electrode in Na cell in the potential region between 2.5 and 4.5 V versus Na. A NaCrO2 electrode was hardly electroactive after oxidation up to 4.5 V. When galvanostatic cycling was carried in the limited potential domain between 2 and 3.5 V, both electrodes showed discharge capacities of 100 - 120 mAh g-1 with satisfactory capacity retention. Layered LiCrO2 (R-3m) and NaCrO2 (R-3m) possess the quite similar crystal structures and the same transition metal, nevertheless they were inactive and active in Li and Na cells, respectively.
Ordered Quantum Wire and Quantum Dots systems for Nanophotonics Applications (2007)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text E. Kapon and K. F. Karlsson, "Ordered Quantum Wire and Quantum Dots systems for Nanophotonics Applications," in Frontiers in Optics 2007/Laser Science XXIII/Organic Materials and Devices for Displays and Energy Conversion, OSA Technical Digest (CD) (Optica Publishing Group, 2007), paper SThH2. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Reward and reinforcement activity in the nucleus accumbens during learning (2014)

The nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) has been implicated in learning associations between sensory cues and profitable motor responses. However, the precise mechanisms that underlie these functions remain unclear. We recorded single-neuron activity from the NAcc of primates trained to perform a visual-motor associative learning task. During learning, we found two distinct classes of NAcc neurons. The first class demonstrated progressive increases in firing rates at the go-cue, feedback/tone and reward epochs of the task, as novel associations were learned. This suggests that these neurons may play a role in the exploitation of rewarding behaviors. In contrast, the second class exhibited attenuated firing rates, but only at the reward epoch of the task. These findings suggest that some NAcc neurons play a role in reward-based reinforcement during learning.