gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effective Beam Stiffness Properties of <i>n</i>-Strut Cylindrical Tensegrity Towers (2019)

In this paper, a method to obtain effective continuum beam stiffness properties of tensegrity towers with struts in each bay is developed. Long tensegrity towers for space applications can be modeled as beam-like structures, and axial, bending, shear, and torsional stiffness properties can be used to make comparisons between alternatives to determine the optimum design for a mission. Continuum beam models and effective stiffness properties of Class-2 tensegrity towers are obtained using a modified energy equivalency approach. Self-stress levels (i.e., cable tension and strut compression) are varied to observe their influence on the effective stiffness properties. Axial and torsional rigidities are found to be highly affected by the self-stress level, while bending and shear rigidities are not affected as much. The obtained effective stiffness properties are validated with nonlinear finite element analyses. With these properties, alternative tower designs for a specific application can be readily evaluated without the need for numerous computationally expensive structural analyses.
Virulence of ten serogroups of Clostridium difficile in hamsters (1990)

A slide agglutination technique identifying 10 serogroups of Clostridium difficile (A,B,C,D,F,G,H,I,K and X) has been described previously. In this study, we have used the hamster to compare the ability of the 10 serogroup reference strains to colonise and produce disease. Groups of four hamsters were each given a single intraperitoneal injection of either clindamycin or cefoxitin, and an oral challenge dose of C. difficile. The time taken to establish faecal colonisation and the length of survival after colonisation were monitored. All hamsters treated with cefoxitin became colonised by day 3 and those challenged with the cytotoxigenic strains of serogroups A,C,H and K developed colitis and died. Among those challenged with the non-toxigenic strains of groups B,D,I and X and the toxigenic strains of groups F and G, faecal colonisation was established without signs of disease. This demonstrates that there are differences in virulence even among toxigenic strains of C. difficile. The same phenomenon was observed after treatment with clindamycin but the pattern of colonisation was quite different with some strains. In the hamsters challenged with toxigenic strains of groups C and K and non-toxigenic strains of groups D and I, which are highly resistant to clindamycin, the response was the same as with cefoxitin. The results were different with strains which were susceptible to clindamycin. Some animals became colonised much later than those treated with cefoxitin but the mortality was similar.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Nearest Correlation Louvain Method for Fast and Good Selection of Input Variables of Statistical Model∗∗This study is partially supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) 24560940. (2015)

In the present work, a new input variable selection method for building linear regression models is proposed. The proposed method is referred to as nearest correlation Louvain method based variable selection (NCLM-VS). NCLM-VS is a correlation-based group-wise method; it constructs an affinity matrix of input variables by the nearest correlation (NC) method, partitions the affinity matrix by the Louvain method (LM), consequently clusters input variables into multiple variable classes, and finally selects variable classes according to their contribution to estimates. LM is very fast and optimizes the number of classes automatically unlike spectral clustering (SC). The advantage of NCLM-VS over conventional methods including NCSC-VS is demonstrated through their applications to soft-sensor design for an industrial chemical process and calibration modeling based on near-infrared (NIR) spectra. In particular, it is confirmed that NCLM-VS is significantly faster than the recently proposed NCSC-VS while NCLM-VS can achieve as good estimation performance as NCSC-VS.
<b>solaR</b>: Solar Radiation and Photovoltaic Systems with<i>R</i> (2012)

The <b>solaR</b> package allows for reproducible research both for photovoltaics (PV) systems performance and solar radiation. It includes a set of classes, methods and functions to calculate the sun geometry and the solar radiation incident on a photovoltaic generator and to simulate the performance of several applications of the photovoltaic energy. This package performs the whole calculation procedure from both <em>daily</em> and <em>intradaily</em> global horizontal irradiation to the final productivity of grid-connected PV systems and water pumping PV systems. It is designed using a set of S4 classes whose core is a group of slots with multivariate time series. The classes share a variety of methods to access the information and several visualization methods. In addition, the package provides a tool for the visual statistical analysis of the performance of a large PV plant composed of several systems. Although <b>solaR</b> is primarily designed for time series associated to a location defined by its latitude/longitude values and the temperature and irradiation conditions, it can be easily combined with spatial packages for space-time analysis.
Secure Memristor-based Main Memory (2014)

Non-volatile memory devices such as phase change memories and memristors are promising alternatives to SRAM and DRAM main memories as they provide higher density and improved energy efficiency. However, non-volatile main memories (NVMM) introduce security vulnerabilities. Sensitive data such as passwords and keys residing in the NVMM will persist and can be probed after power down. We propose sneak-path encryption (SPE), for memristor-based NVMM. SPE exploits the physical parameters, multilevel cell (MLC) capability and the sneak paths in crossbar memories to encrypt the data stored in memristor-based NVMM. We investigate three attacks on NVMMs and show the resilience of SPE against them. We use a cycle accurate simulator to evaluate the security and performance impact of SPE based NVMM. SPE can secure the NVMM with a latency of 16 cycles and ~1.5% performance overhead.
Do the Elements of Emotional Intelligence Determine Charismatic Leadership? (2021)

Purpose: Emotional intelligence is a critical stimulus of charismatic leadership. This research is an effort to detect the relationships between the elements of emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership. Method: Purposive sampling technique was adopted to assemble data from 356 bankers working in different private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The Emotional Quotient Index (EQ Index: Rahim et al., 2002) and a Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ 5X: Bass &Avolio, 2000) were used to assess emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership respectively. A total of 356 usable responses were received which were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and linear regression. Results: The study revealed that all elements of emotional intelligence, namely, self-awareness (r=.64, p<.001), self-regulation (r=.62, p <.001), motivation (r = .65, p< .001), empathy (r = .63, p< .001), and social skills (r = .59, p <.001) were positively correlated with charismatic leadership. It also demonstrated that potential covariates (e.g. experience, age, employee, department, education, gender, and position) shared a negligible correlation with emotional intelligence and charismatic leadership. Implications: These unique findings would be helpful to academics, scholars, policymakers, and managers/executives of commercial banks to flourish their charisma by cultivating and boosting emotional intelligence to realize a higher level of organizational outcomes. Limitations: The generalizability of the findings is limited by its particular sampling technique which is less reliable.
Stability of model predictive control with mixed constraints (1995)

We derive stability conditions for model predictive control (MPC) with hard constraints on the inputs and "soft" constraints on the outputs for an infinitely long output horizon. We show that with state feedback, MPC is globally asymptotically stabilizing if and only if all the eigenvalues of the open loop system are in the closed unit disk. With output feedback, we show that the results hold if all the eigenvalues are strictly inside the unit circle. The online optimization problem defining MPC can be posed as a finite dimensional quadratic program even though the output constraints are specified over an infinite horizon.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tracking and detection of moving point targets in noise image sequences by local maximum likelihood (2002)

A pair of tracking and detection algorithms are proposed. The tracking is accomplished by many tracking blocks that have a size equal to the maximum velocity of the moving target. At the initial stage, the tracking blocks cover the whole image plane without overlap. A a tracking block adaptively moves so that its center moves to the pixel that has the largest intensity in the region covered by the block and the largest intensity is recorded. The detection is based on the pixel intensities recorded by each tracking block. The asymptotic probability that any pixel in the image plane is covered by some tracking blocks is shown to be l-e/sup -1/. The performance is analyzed and is fairly high. The results of simulation tests confirm to the theoretical analysis.
Inhibition of DNA replication by a d(CAG) repeat binding ligand (2006)

Trinucleotide repeat expansions in genomic DNA are the molecular basis of a number of genetic diseases. The (CAG)n, (CTG)n, and (CGG)n repeats share the common sequence CXG, and inherently produce a hairpin structure involving X-X mismatch base pairs flanked by two G-C base pairs. The chance of a strand slippage leading to the repeat expansion is considered to increase with increasing stability of the hairpin form. Here we show our synthetic ligand naphthyridine-azaquinolone (NA) stabilized a hairpin form of the (CAG)n repeat and inhibited the polymerase-mediated DNA synthesis.
Oxidative Stress Stimulates Autophagic Flux During Ischemia/Reperfusion (2010)

Autophagy is a bulk degradation process in which cytosolic proteins and organelles are degraded through lysosomes. To evaluate autophagic flux in cardiac myocytes, we generated adenovirus and cardiac-specific transgenic mice harboring tandem fluorescent mRFP-GFP-LC3. Starvation significantly increased the number of mRFP-GFP-LC3 dots representing both autophagosomes and autolysosomes per cell, suggesting that autophagic flux is increased in cardiac myocytes. H(2)O(2) significantly increased autophagic flux, which was attenuated in the presence of N-2-mercaptopropionyl glycine (MPG), an antioxidant, suggesting that oxidative stress stimulates autophagy in cardiac myocytes. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) increased both autophagosomes and autolysosomes, thereby increasing autophagic flux. Treatment with MPG attenuated I/R-induced increases in oxidative stress, autophagic flux, and Beclin-1 expression, accompanied by a decrease in the size of myocardial infarction (MI)/area at risk (AAR), suggesting that oxidative stress plays an important role in mediating autophagy and myocardial injury during I/R. MI/AAR after I/R was significantly reduced in beclin1(+/-) mice, whereas beclin1(+/-) mice treated with MPG exhibited no additional reduction in the size of MI/AAR after I/R. These results suggest that oxidative stress plays an important role in mediating autophagy during I/R, and that activation of autophagy through oxidative stress mediates myocardial injury in response to I/R in the mouse heart.
All relationships should be based on respect (2013)

Shelter SA is the peak body for housing in South Australia advocating for safe, secure and affordable housing for all citizens. Shelter SA pays particular attention to the housing needs of Aboriginal people and to including voices from the community in its policy, advocacy and research activities. Shelter SA has developed and maintains a large database of contacts who are interested in Aboriginal housing and homelessness and has hosted gatherings for them every two months since 2008. The aim of this paper is to outline a very basic argument against the mainstreaming of housing and homelessness services and to increase understanding about the poor fit between western conceptions of being homeless and Aboriginal culture. Shelter SA has already commented at length about the detrimental effects of mainstreaming on Aboriginal people in the May 2013 edition of Parity. Some of the material for this paper is drawn from the Shelter SA submission to the South Australian Housing Strategy Green Paper, for which a consultation was held with our Aboriginal network in 2011.
Tailoring the Dependency between Rigidity and Water Uptake of a Microfabricated Hydrogel with the Conformational Rigidity of a Polymer Cross-Linker (2013)

Many diverse applications utilize hydrogels as carriers, sensors, and actuators, and these applications rely on the refined control of physical properties of the hydrogel, such as elastic modulus and degree of swelling. Often, hydrogel properties are interdependent; for example, when elastic modulus is increased, degree of swelling is decreased. Controlling these inverse dependencies remains a major barrier for broader hydrogel applications. We hypothesized that polymer cross-linkers with varied chain flexibility would allow us to tune the inverse dependency between the elastic modulus and the degree of swelling of the hydrogels. We examined this hypothesis by using alginate and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) modified with a controlled number of methacrylic groups as model inflexible and flexible cross-linkers, respectively. Interestingly, the polyacrylamide hydrogel cross-linked by the inflexible alginate methacrylates exhibited less dependency between the degree of swelling and the elastic modulus than the hydrogel cross-linked by flexible PAA methacrylates. This critical role of the cross-linker's inflexibility was related to the difference of the degree of hydrophobic association between polymer cross-linkers, as confirmed with pyrene probes added in pregel solutions. Furthermore, hydrogels cross-linked with alginate methacrylates could tune the projection area of adhered cells by solely altering elastic moduli. In contrast, gels cross-linked with PAA methacrylates failed to modulate the cellular adhesion morphology due to a lower, and smaller, elastic modulus range to be controlled. Overall, the results of this study will significantly advance the controllability of hydrogel properties and greatly enhance the performance of hydrogels in various biological applications.
Consequences of a Modified Putative Substrate-Activation Site on Catalysis by Yeast Pyruvate Decarboxylase (2001)

Earlier, it had been proposed in the laboratories at Halle that a cysteine residue is responsible for the hysteretic substrate activation behavior of yeast pyruvate decarboxylase. More recently, this idea has received support in a series of studies from Rutgers with the identification of residue C221 as the site where substrate is bound to transmit the information to H92, to E91, to W412, and finally to the active center thiamin diphosphate. According to steady-state kinetic assays, the C221A/C222A variant is no longer subject to substrate activation yet is still a well-functioning enzyme. Several further experiments are reported on this variant: (1) The variant exhibits lag phases in the product formation progress curves, which can be attributed to a unimolecular step in the pre-steady-state stage of catalysis. (2) The rate of exchange with solvent deuterium of the thiamin diphosphate C2H atom is slowed by a factor of 2 compared to the wild-type enzyme, suggesting that the reduced activity that results from the substitutions some 20 A from the active center is also seen in the first key step of the reaction. (3) The solvent (deuterium oxide) kinetic isotope effect was found to be inverse on V(max)/K(m) (0.62), and small but normal on V(max) (1.26), virtually ruling out residue C221 as being responsible for the inverse effects reported for the wild-type enzyme at low substrate concentrations. The solvent kinetic isotope effects are compared to those on two related enzymes not subject to substrate activation, Zymomonas mobilis pyruvate decarboxylase and benzoylformate decarboxylase.
The Roles of CD73 in Cancer (2014)

Purinergic signaling has emerged as an important player in cancer progression and is regulated by a series of nucleotidases. Among the enzyme cascade, CD73, which catelyzes AMP breakdown to adenosine, has been found to be overexpressed in many types of cancer. Various factors and mechanisms are employed to regulate expression of CD73. Accumulating studies have shown that CD73 is a key regulatory molecule of cancer cells proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, tumor angiogenesis, and tumor immune escape in vivo. With such important roles in cancer, CD73 has become an appealing therapy target. Recent evidences in mice models demonstrated that targeted blockade of CD73 could be a favorable therapeutic approach for cancer patients in the future. In this review, we will summarize the multiple roles of CD73 in cancer development, including its clinical significance, its promotive effects on tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis, and its suppressive effects on immune response, regulatory mechanisms of CD73 expression, and current situation of anti-CD73 cancer therapy.
Adenosine in the Thymus (2017)

Adenosine is an ancient extracellular signaling molecule that regulates various biological functions via activating four G-protein-coupled receptors, A<sub>1</sub>, A<sub>2A</sub>, A<sub>2B</sub>, and A<sub>3</sub> adenosine receptors. As such, several studies have highlighted a role for adenosine signaling in affecting the T cell development in the thymus. Recent studies indicate that adenosine is produced in the context of apoptotic thymocyte clearance. This review critically discusses the involvement of adenosine and its receptors in the complex interplay that exists between the developing thymocytes and the thymic macrophages which engulf the apoptotic cells. This crosstalk contributes to the effective and immunologically silent removal of apoptotic thymocytes, as well as affects the TCR-driven T-cell selection processes.
A New Infrared Probe Targeting Mitochondria via Regulation of Molecular Hydrophobicity (2018)

Herein, we developed a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe for mitochondrial staining based on the NIR fluorochrome, silicon-rhodamine. The hydrophobicity of the fluorescent core was systematically modified by conjugation with 10 different commercial amines. The resulting fluorescent compounds exhibited similar photophysical properties but diverse hydrophobicity. We identified the optimal level of hydrophobicity associated with high mitochondrial targeting efficiency. In particular, the SiR-Mito 8 probe provided excellent mitochondrial staining and successfully differentiated the live Hep3B cancer cells from normal L02 cells in vitro.
The Ozonation of Silanes and Germanes:  An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation (2006)

Ozonation of various silanes and germanes produced the corresponding hydrotrioxides, R3SiOOOH and R3GeOOOH, which were characterized by 1H, 13C, 17O, and 29Si NMR, and by infrared spectroscopy in a two-pronged approach based on measured and calculated data. Ozone reacts with the E-H (E = Si, Ge) bond via a concerted 1,3-dipolar insertion mechanism, where, depending on the substituents and the environment (e.g., acetone-d6 solution), the H atom transfer precedes more and more E-O bond formation. The hydrotrioxides decompose in various solvents into the corresponding silanols/germanols, disiloxanes/digermoxanes, singlet oxygen (O2(1delta(g))), and dihydrogen trioxide (HOOOH), where catalytic amounts of water play an important role as is indicated by quantum chemical calculations. The formation of HOOOH as a decomposition product of organometallic hydrotrioxides in acetone-d6 represents a new and convenient method for the preparation of this simple, biochemically important polyoxide. By solvent variation, singlet oxygen (O2(1delta(g))) can be generated in high yield.
Synthesis of 1H-1,2,3-triazoles and Study of their Antifungal and Cytotoxicity Activities (2013)

We report herein the results of antifungal activity of fifteen 1,2,3-triazoles against Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida kefyr, Candida tropicalis, Candida dubliniensis, Tricophyton rubrum, Microporum canis and Aspergillus niger. All of the 1,2,3-triazoles were prepared from 1,3-dipolar cyclizations between aryl azides and alkynes catalyzed by Cu(I), and several of the compounds exhibited antifungal activity with low cytotoxicity. The results demonstrated the potential and importance of developing new 1,2,3-triazoles compounds with antifungal activity.
Demonstration system and applications for compact wireless ultraviolet communications (2003)

In battlefield situations, as well as other distributed sensing applications, networks of small, low-cost wireless sensors require short-range communication links that are low-power and difficult to detect at standoff distances (covert). Currently, short-range (< 100m) state-of-the-art ground-to-ground radio frequency (RF) links require line-of-sight for reliable connectivity, and may require 50 to 100 times more power for the transceiver electronics than what is radiated by the transmitter. Furthermore, the RF transmit power necessary to overcome R<sup>4</sup> losses near the ground makes the links easily detectable at stand-off ranges unless sophisticated waveforms or highly directive antennas are employed, both of which are inconsistent with low-cost, low-power transceivers. In contrast, baseband optical communication links in the mid-ultraviolet (UV) band can exploit atmospheric scattering to achieve non line-of-sight (NLOS) operation with low-power transceivers at wavelengths that are difficult to detect at stand-off ranges. This paper reviews NLOS UV communication concepts, phenomenology, and the evolution of device technology. A portable communications test bed is described, and recent outdoor tests with 340nm semiconductor emitters are summarized. An indoor FM voice link is described, as an example of the compact form-factor that can be achieved with current technology. The paper concludes with a discussion of potential applications.