gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloud Contaminated Multispectral Remote Sensing Image Enhancement Algorithm Based on MobileNet (2022)

Multispectral remote sensing images have shown unique advantages in many fields, including military and civilian use. Facing the difficulty in processing cloud contaminated remote sensing images, this paper proposes a multispectral remote sensing image enhancement algorithm. A model is constructed from the aspects of cloud detection and image enhancement. In the cloud detection stage, clouds are divided into thick clouds and thin clouds according to the cloud transmitability in multi-spectral images, and a multi-layer cloud detection model is established. From the perspective of traditional image processing, a bimodal pre-detection algorithm is constructed to achieve thick cloud extraction. From the perspective of deep learning, the MobileNet algorithm structure is improved to achieve thin cloud extraction. Faced with the problem of insufficient training samples, a self-supervised network is constructed to achieve training, so as to meet the requirements of high precision and high efficiency cloud detection under the condition of small samples. In the image enhancement stage, the area where the ground objects are located is determined first. Then, from the perspective of compressed sensing, the signal is analyzed from the perspective of time and frequency domains. Specifically, the inter-frame information of hyperspectral images is analyzed to construct a sparse representation model based on the principle of compressed sensing. Finally, image enhancement is achieved. The experimental comparison between our algorithm and other algorithms shows that the average Area Overlap Measure (AOM) of the proposed algorithm reaches 0.83 and the Average Gradient (AG) of the proposed algorithm reaches 12.7, which is better than the other seven algorithms by average AG 2.
Transcription of Angiogenin and Ribonuclease 4 Is Regulated by RNA Polymerase III Elements and a CCCTC Binding Factor (CTCF)-dependent Intragenic Chromatin Loop (2014)

Angiogenin (ANG) and ribonuclease 4 (RNASE4), two members of the secreted and vertebrate-specific ribonuclease superfamily, play important roles in cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. The ANG and RNASE4 genes share genetic regions with promoter activities, but the structure and regulation of these putative promotes are unknown. We have characterized the promoter regions, defined the transcription start site, and identified a mechanism of transcription regulation that involves both RNA polymerase III (Pol III) elements and CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) sites. We found that two Pol III elements within the promoter region influence ANG and RNASE4 expression in a position- and orientation-dependent manner. We also provide evidence for the presence of an intragenic chromatin loop between the two CTCF binding sites located in two introns flanking the ANG coding exon. We found that formation of this intragenic loop preferentially enhances ANG transcription. These results suggest a multilayer transcriptional regulation of ANG and RNASE4 gene locus. These data also add more direct evidence to the notion that Pol III elements are able to directly influence Pol II gene transcription. Furthermore, our data indicate that a CTCF-dependent chromatin loop is able to differentially regulate transcription of genes that share the same promoters.
Methodology for Leakage Isolation Using Pressure Sensitivity and Correlation Analysis in Water Distribution Systems (2014)

In this paper is presented a novel leakage localization approach that is calibrated on real networks. Leakage positions are usually inferred by measuring pressure in a certain number of the nodes of the network. Since pressure sensors are quite expensive, only a few number of them is available. As a consequence, the effective arrangement of them turns out to be a not trivial problem. The study is devoted in performing an analysis of the sensitivity and correlation of the network in order to extract the best measurement points (i.e. nodes).
Sensor Motes for the Exploration and Monitoring of Operational Pipelines (2018)

We report on a first field test in which miniaturized sensor motes were used to explore and inspect an operational pipeline by performing in situ measurements. The spherical sensor motes with a diameter of 39 mm were equipped with an inertial measurement unit (IMU) measuring 3-D acceleration, rotation, and magnetic field, as well as an ultrasound emitter. The motes were injected into the pipeline and traversed a 260-m section of it with the flow of water. After the extraction of the motes from the pipeline, the recorded IMU data were read out for the off-line analysis. Unlike dead-reckoning techniques, we analyze the IMU data to reveal structural information about the pipeline and locate pipe components, such as hydrants and junctions. The recorded data show different and distinct patterns that are a result of the fluid dynamics and the interaction with the pipeline. Using the magnetic data, pipe sections made from different materials and pipe components are identified and localized. A preliminary analysis on the motes' interaction with the pipeline shows differences in pipe wall roughness and locates structural anomalies. The results of this field test show that sensor motes can be used as a versatile and cost-effective tool for exploration and inspection of a wide variety of pipelines.
Multifunctional CNT‐Polymer Composites for Ultra‐Tough Structural Supercapacitors and Desalination Devices (2013)

Pulsed electrodeposition of polyaniline (PANI) allows the fabrication of flexible, electrically conductive, nonwoven PANI-carbon nanotube (PANI-CNT) composite fabrics. They possess specific tensile strength and a modulus of toughness higher than that of aluminum matrix composites, titanium and aluminum alloys, steels, and many other structural materials. Electrochemical tests show that these nanocomposites additionally offer excellent cycle stability and ion electro-sorption and storage properties.
Design of Cytostretch Skin A human cell based stretchable, flexible and mass-producible skin tissue model for drug development (2014)

In the near future, human cell based Organ-on-Chip models are likely to replace animal experimentation during the development of new drugs. Not only is animal testing associated with ethical issues, but human cell based models can also give a more accurate representation of the human physiology, resulting in more reliable results of drug screening experiments. Furthermore, high-throughput drug screening is made possible by real-time readout of cell activity, using electrodes or other forms of cellular readout. Additionally, the high costs of drug development will be reduced, especially if the new devices will be suitable for mass production. To be able to accurately model the human physiology, the device must be fabricated using biocompatible materials, often polymers with special requirements like flexibility and stretchability. These materials are in general not standardized in microfabrication cleanroom environments, limiting the current designs suitability for mass production. In this thesis an Organ-on-Chip device was designed, fabricated and validated for use in advanced skin tissue modeling. Without compromising for the requirements imposed by the physiology of skin tissue, the device is designed to be suitable for mass production. A prior model for cardiotoxicity screening, Cytostretch was used as a starting point for the skin model device. The new features added to the design were fabricated by adding certain steps to the manufacturing process, compatible with the current process flow. This modular approach makes the Cytostretch technology flexible and suitable to rapidly adapt the device design for modeling different tissues in the future. In this research, methods were explored for (i) the fabrication of large membranes, (ii) the fabrication of holes with a diameter of 5 to 8 micrometer, and (iii) the deposition of layers on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). As a result, large perforated membranes of PDMS were fabricated and a new etching technique for PDMS was developed in order to create the small feature size of maximally 8 micrometer in the membrane. Also, a novel method to prevent thermally induced stress in layers deposited on PDMS is presented. After fabrication of the device, it has been validated to be suitable for skin tissue engineering by culturing human dermal tissue on the device.
Face Recognition Challenge: Object Recognition Approaches for Human/Avatar Classification (2012)

Recently, a novel "completely automated public Turing test to tell computers and humans apart (CAPTCHA)'' system has been proposed, in which users are asked to separate natural faces of humans and artificial faces of virtual world avatars. The system is based on the assumption that computers cannot separate them while it is an easy task for humans. Conventional digital forensics approaches to distinguish natural images from computer graphics images are mostly based on statistical analysis of the images such as noise in CMOS image sensors or Bayer matrix estimation. On the other hand, this paper uses face recognition and object classification based approaches. The experiments show that our approaches work surprisingly well and yields more than 99% accuracy. Our object classification based approach can also tell us how likely the input images are regarded as human/avatar faces.
Effects of a Class III Antiarrhythmic Drug, Dofetilide, on the In Situ Canine Heart Assessed by the Simultaneous Monitoring of Hemodynamic and Electrophysiological Parameters (1999)

The cardiovascular profile of dofetilide was examined using halothane-anesthetized, closed-chest in vivo canine model (n=6). Dofetilide was administered at the dose of 1,10 or 100 μg/kg, i.v. over 10 min with a pause of 20 min. After the lowest infusion rate, no significant change was detected in any of the cardiovascular parameters. Infusion of 10 μg/kg dofetilide, which was close to the submaximal clinically effective antiarrhythmic dose, decreased the heart rate and prolonged the ventricular repolarization phase and refractory period. After the highest dose of dofetilide, the cardiac output and left ventricular contraction decreased during sinus rhythm, the latter of which was not changed during the constant heart rate of 150 beats/min, while the dose-related effects were observed on the heart rate, repolarization phase and refractory period. The afterload and preload to the left ventricle and AV nodal as well as intraventricular conductions were hardly affected even at 100 μg/kg, i.v. These results obtained in the in vivo canine model support the previous reports describing that dofetilide possesses a highly selective blocking property for IKr. Moreover, the absence of effects on the afterload and preload to the left ventricle and the cardiac conduction makes dofetilide favorable as an antiarrhythmic drug because it is often used for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular dysfunction.
A Smartphone Security Architecture for App Verification and Process Authentication (2012)

We present a runtime integrity measurement for Linux-based smartphones. It is based on a Mobile Trusted Module (MTM) with the objective to prevent running arbitrary third-party applications (Apps) on a smartphone. Only Apps signed by the MTM are allowed to run on the smartphone. Moreover, the proposed architecture inhibits running Apps which are infected with e.g. a mobile virus after their installation. We believe that the proposed approach is useful particularly for company administrators who want to fully control the list of Apps allowed to run on employees' smartphones and to ensure that Apps altered after their installation or installed without company permission are never executed.
Gain control explains the effect of distraction in human perceptual, cognitive, and economic decision making (2018)

When making decisions, humans are often distracted by irrelevant information. Distraction has a different impact on perceptual, cognitive, and value-guided choices, giving rise to well-described behavioral phenomena such as the tilt illusion, conflict adaptation, or economic decoy effects. However, a single, unified model that can account for all these phenomena has yet to emerge. Here, we offer one such account, based on adaptive gain control, and additionally show that it successfully predicts a range of counterintuitive new behavioral phenomena on variants of a classic cognitive paradigm, the Eriksen flanker task. We also report that blood oxygen level-dependent signals in a dorsal network prominently including the anterior cingulate cortex index a gain-modulated decision variable predicted by the model. This work unifies the study of distraction across perceptual, cognitive, and economic domains.
Impact of charge trapping on the ferroelectric switching behavior of doped HfO<sub>2</sub> (2015)

In order to analyse the interplay between ferroelectric switching and parasitic charge trapping in ferroelectric doped hafnium oxide, a metal ferroelectric metal capacitor and grain boundary model is implemented in TCAD. In our study, we present how bulk traps inside the ferroelectric material, traps at the interface with the electrodes are impacting the ferroelectric switching behaviour. Switching peak splitting was observed experimentally, and reproduced by TCAD simulation. Furthermore, the influence of DC voltage stress on the switching behaviour is investigated experimentally and compared to the already known AC‐behaviour. DC stress of the FeCAP redistributes the charge within the device influencing the kinetics of the ferroelectric switching and causing the peak split.
Characterization of Carotid Plaques on 3-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging by Registration With Multicontrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (2012)

We have developed a surface-based algorithm capable of registering ultrasound and MR images with high accuracy. This registration tool will potentially play an important role in a cost-effective screening protocol in which ultrasound is used to identify patients with a suspicion of vulnerable plaques, who are then further studied with MRI.
TU wave area—Derived measures of repolarization dispersion in the long QT syndrome (1998)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate area-derived parameters of repolarization dispersion in LQTS patients and their unaffected family members and to use this analysis to challenge the concept of dispersion of repolarization in surface ECG. The area under the curve between the J point and the next P wave was measured automatically in 12 leads of the digital ECG in 34 LQTS patients and 22 unaffected family members. The area-derived measures of repolarization included total repolarization area, T wave amplitude, time to accumulate the first (tA50) and the median (tA25-75) 50% of the total area, and the time to accumulate 97% of the total repolarization area (tA97). In comparison with unaffected family members, LQTS patients had significantly higher dispersion of tA50 (tA50-SD = 34 +/- 18 ms vs 11 +/- 6 ms, respectively, P < .001) and tA25-75 (t[A25-75]-SD = 44 +/- 19 ms vs 24 +/- 15 ms, respectively, P < .001), whereas no significant difference was observed in the dispersion of total repolarization area, T wave amplitude, and time to accumulate total repolarization area (tA97-SD = 44 +/- 20 ms vs 53 +/- 19 ms, respectively, ns). It is concluded the analysis of area-derived parameters of repolarization showed that LQTS patients have increased interlead variability of the repolarization morphology (tA50-SD and t[A25-75]-SD), whereas they do not have increased dispersion of the total repolarization duration (tA97-SD). This observation indicates that an increase in traditional measures of dispersion (QT dispersion) may represent a heterogeneity of repolarization shape, whereas the true dispersion of the total duration of repolarization, which is related to electrocardiographic lead projection, is similar in patients and healthy subjects.
Statistical singing voice conversion with direct waveform modification based on the spectrum differential (2014)

This paper presents a novel statistical singing voice conversion (SVC) technique with direct waveform modification based on the spectrum differential that can convert voice timbre of a source singer into that of a target singer without using a vocoder to generate converted singing voice waveforms. SVC makes it possible to convert singing voice characteristics of an arbitrary source singer into those of an arbitrary target singer. However, speech quality of the converted singing voice is significantly degraded compared to that of a natural singing voice due to various factors, such as analysis and modeling errors in the vocoderbased framework. To alleviate this degradation, we propose a statistical conversion process that directly modifies the signal in the waveform domain by estimating the difference in the spectra of the source and target singers’ singing voices. The differential spectral feature is directly estimated using a differential Gaussian mixture model (GMM) that is analytically derived from the traditional GMM used as a conversion model in the conventional SVC. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method makes it possible to significantly improve speech quality in the converted singing voice while preserving the conversion accuracy of singer identity compared to the conventional SVC. Index Terms: singing voice, statistical voice conversion, vocoder, Gaussian mixture model, differential spectral compensation
A Fluorescent Two-hybrid Assay for Direct Visualization of Protein Interactions in Living Cells (2008)

Genetic high throughput screens have yielded large sets of potential protein-protein interactions now to be verified and further investigated. Here we present a simple assay to directly visualize protein-protein interactions in single living cells. Using a modified lac repressor system, we tethered a fluorescent bait at a chromosomal lac operator array and assayed for co-localization of fluorescent prey fusion proteins. With this fluorescent two-hybrid assay we successfully investigated the interaction of proteins from different subcellular compartments including nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. In combination with an S phase marker we also studied the cell cycle dependence of protein-protein interactions. These results indicate that the fluorescent two-hybrid assay is a powerful tool to investigate protein-protein interactions within their cellular environment and to monitor the response to external stimuli in real time.
Structure of the Heat Shock Protein Chaperonin-10 of <i>Mycobacterium leprae</i> (1996)

Members of the chaperonin-10 (cpn10) protein family, also called heat shock protein 10 and in Escherichia coli GroES, play an important role in ensuring the proper folding of many proteins. The crystal structure of the Mycobacterium leprae cpn10 (Ml-cpn10) oligomer has been elucidated at a resolution of 3.5 angstroms. The architecture of the Ml-cpn10 heptamer resembles a dome with an oculus in its roof. The inner surface of the dome is hydrophilic and highly charged. A flexible region, known to interact with cpn60, extends from the lower rim of the dome. With the structure of a cpn10 heptamer now revealed and the structure of the E. coli GroEL previously known, models of cpn10:cpn60 and GroEL:GroES complexes are proposed.
CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T Cells and CD4+CD25−Foxp3+ T Cells in Aged Mice (2006)

Aging is associated with a progressive decline in T cell-mediated immune responses. However, it has been unknown whether regulatory/suppressive CD4 T cells are involved in this decline. Our in vitro analyses revealed that CD4+CD25+ T cells, the well-characterized naturally occurring regulatory/suppressive CD4 T cells, in aged mice are functionally comparable to those in young mice (i.e., anergic and suppressive), although slightly increased in number. In contrast, functional changes to whole CD4+CD25- T cells were pronounced in aged mice, i.e., the majority of aged CD4+CD25- T cells exhibited a significant hyporesponsiveness, and the remaining cells maintained a normal responsiveness. Furthermore, we identified Foxp3 (a transcription factor critical in conferring the regulatory/suppressive function to CD4 T cells)-positive suppressive CD4 T cells among aged hyporesponsive CD4+CD25- T cells. These results suggest that the age-related decline in T cell-mediated immune responses is ascribable to changes in the CD4+CD25- T cell population and not to a functional augmentation of suppressive CD4+CD25+ T cells.
Inexpensive Pipelines Health Evaluation Techniques Based on Resonance Determination, Numerical Simulation and Experimental Testing (2013)

In this paper, a non-destructive, reliable, and inexpensive vibration-based technique for evaluating Carbon steel pipes structure integrity. The proposed techniques allow a quick assessment of pipes structures at final pipe manufacturing stages and/or just before installation. A finite element modelling (FEM) using ABAQUS software was developed to determine the resonance mode of healthy Carbon steel pipe and a series of experiments were conducted to verify the outcomes of the modelling work. Consequently, the effects of quantified seeded faults, i.e., a 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm diameter holes in the pipe wall on these resonance modes were determined using modelling work. A number of common used vibration analysis techniques were applied to detect and to evaluate the severity of those quantified faults. The amplitudes and frequencies of vibration signals were measured and compared. There were found to be in good agreement with the modelling work and provide important information on pipe construction condition and fault severity.
Exometabolome profiling reveals activation of the carnitine buffering pathway in fed‐batch cultures of <scp>CHO</scp> cells co‐fed with glucose and lactic acid (2021)

Adjustments to CHO cell physiology were recently observed during implementation of a Raman spectroscopy-based glucose and lactate control strategy. To further understand how these cells, under monoclonal antibody (mAb) production conditions, utilized the extra lactic acid fed, we performed a comprehensive semi-quantitative and time-dependent analysis of the exometabolome. This study focused on the CHO cell's metabolic shift from the fifth day of culture. We compared relative levels of extracellular metabolites in the absence or presence of a 2 g/L lactic acid setpoint while glucose was kept at 4 g/L. Our hypothesis is that extra lactic acid would supply more pyruvate, favoring oxidative phosphorylation. We subsequentially uncovered several carnitine derivatives as biomarkers of the simultaneous activation of TCA anaplerotic pathways as well as a carbon-buffering pathway. CHO cells exhibited a balance between intermediates from (i) amino acid catabolism, (ii) fatty acid β-oxidation, and (iii) pyruvate from glycolysis and lactic acid; and the secretion of their intermediate carnitine derivatives. In addition, 3-hydroxy-methyl-glutaric acid (HMG) and mevalonate syntheses were found as biomarkers of alternative acyl group removal. Together, under a limited capacity to assimilate the surplus of acyl-CoA groups as well as an ability to maintain the acyl-CoA: free CoA ratio for proper and continuous functioning of the TCA cycle, CHO cells activate the carnitine-buffering system, HMG, and mevalonate pathways.
Dietary shortcomings in children on a gluten‐free diet (2010)

Children on GFD appear to follow the same trends as healthy children on a normal diet, with high intakes of saturated fat and sucrose and low intakes of dietary fibre, vitamin D and magnesium compared to recommendations.
Lu<sub>2</sub>CaMg<sub>2</sub>(Si<sub>1−x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub>)<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup>solid-solution phosphors: bandgap engineering for blue-light activated afterglow applicable to AC-LED (2016)

“Bandgap engineering” is applied to design a new kind of Lu<sub>2</sub>CaMg<sub>2</sub>(Si<sub>1−x</sub>Ge<sub>x</sub>)<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup>solid-solution phosphor applicable for low flickering AC-LED.