gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Outcome of Allogeneic Adult Stem Cell Therapy in Dogs Suffering from Osteoarthritis and Other Joint Defects (2018)

Osteoarthritis is a common condition that causes joint pain and stiffness that affects both humans and dogs. In Australia, allogeneic canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for therapy have been commercially available since 2010. In this report, we describe the outcome of the treatment of two hundred and three dogs diagnosed with degenerative arthritis with severe chronic pain in joints causing lameness at walk, reduced mobility, and functional disability. Posttreatment assessment data after 10 weeks revealed significant improvement (<i>p</i> < 0.007) of the symptoms: pain reduction, improvement of mobility, and increased daily activity as measured as quality of life score. Ninety percent of young dogs (<9 years) showed excellent improvement in pain and mobility and were able to run and resume normal activity. Sixty percent of older dogs showed good improvement. However, 12% of dogs did not exhibit any change in symptoms; one dog showed worsening of the symptoms. This report provides the support for the safety and efficacies of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a regenerative therapeutic veterinary model.
고성장기 부동산 관련 규제 및 공공의 역할에 대한 평가 (2015)

본 연구는 과거 경제성장기 심각한 주택부족 문제를 해결하기 위해 도입된 다양한 정책적 노력들을 재평가한다. 그 기간 동안 정부는 주택시장에서의 공공의 역할을 강조하고, 강도 높은 규제들을 도입하여 운영하였다. 그와 동시에 건설자본의 부족 문제를 해결하기 위해 소비자로부터의 직접적인 개발금융 조달 창구를 제도화하는 선분양제를 도입하였다. 이와 같은 강력한...
TCR β chain–directed bispecific antibodies for the treatment of T cell cancers (2021)

Immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and bispecific antibodies redirect healthy T cells to kill cancer cells expressing the target antigen. The pan-B cell antigen-targeting immunotherapies have been remarkably successful in treating B cell malignancies. Such therapies also result in the near-complete loss of healthy B cells, but this depletion is well tolerated by patients. Although analogous targeting of pan-T cell markers could, in theory, help control T cell cancers, the concomitant healthy T cell depletion would result in severe and unacceptable immunosuppression. Thus, therapies directed against T cell cancers require more selective targeting. Here, we describe an approach to target T cell cancers through T cell receptor (TCR) antigens. Each T cell, normal or malignant, expresses a unique TCR β chain generated from 1 of 30 TCR β chain variable gene families (TRBV1 to TRBV30). We hypothesized that bispecific antibodies targeting a single TRBV family member expressed in malignant T cells could promote killing of these cancer cells, while preserving healthy T cells that express any of the other 29 possible TRBV family members. We addressed this hypothesis by demonstrating that bispecific antibodies targeting TRBV5-5 (α-V5) or TRBV12 (α-V12) specifically lyse relevant malignant T cell lines and patient-derived T cell leukemias in vitro. Treatment with these antibodies also resulted in major tumor regressions in mouse models of human T cell cancers. This approach provides an off-the-shelf, T cell cancer selective targeting approach that preserves enough healthy T cells to maintain cellular immunity.
Identification of an Immune-Neuroendocrine Biomarker Panel for Detection of Depression: A Joint Effects Statistical Approach (2015)

Despite the need for additional validation studies, we demonstrated that a blood-based biomarker-sociodemographic panel can detect depression in naturalistic healthcare settings with good discriminatory power. Further refinements of blood biomarker panels aiding in the diagnosis of depression may provide a cost-effective means to increase accuracy of clinical diagnosis within the primary care setting.
An Outbreak of Community-Acquired<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>Pneumonia (1981)

Eleven cases of community-acquired Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia occurred between 1979 and 1981 and prompted clinical and immunologic evaluation of the patients. Young men who were drug abusers (seven patients), homosexuals (six), or both (two) presented with pneumonia. Immunologic testing revealed that absolute lymphocyte counts, T-cell counts, and lymphocyte proliferation were depressed, and that humoral immunity was intact. Of the 11 patients, one was found to have Kaposi's sarcoma, and another had angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. Eight patients died. In the remaining three, no diagnosis of an immunosuppressive disease was established, despite persistence of immune defects. These cases of pneumocystosis suggest the importance of cell-mediated immune function in the defense against P. carinii. The occurrence of this infection among drug abusers and homosexuals indicates that these groups may be at high risk for this infection.
Reverse thermal gelation of aromatic solvents by a series of easily accessible organic salt based gelators (2012)

Exploiting crystal engineering and supramolecular synthon concepts, a series of new gelator salts based on primary ammonium dicarboxylate (PAD) salts of azobenzene-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid and primary alkyl amines have been synthesized and characterized by various physico-chemical techniques. Most of the salts were shown to form gels with various solvents. Interestingly, most of the gelator salts possessed rarely observed reverse-thermal gelation (gelation with the rise of temperature) ability of aromatic solvents which may be relevant in developing thermo-responsive materials.
Prognostic significance of clinical and pathological stages on locally advanced rectal carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (2015)

Pathological stage is strongly associated with treatment outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma treated with neo-CRT followed by total mesorectal excision, which may be used as guidance for further individualized treatment.
Synthesis of 1,4-Dipolystyryldihydro[60]fullerenes by Using 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-polystyroxypiperidine as a Radical Source (1997)

This is the first report of the synthesis of well-defined disubstituted polymer derivatives of C60 by a radical mechanism. Narrow-polydispersity polystyryl adducts with TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy), prepared by the nitroxyl-mediated “living“ radical polymerization technique, were heated with a 4-fold excess (in molar ratio) of C60 in o-dichlorobenzene at 145 °C to give 1,4-dipolystyryldihydro[60]fullerenes (yields 60−80%). A low-mass model compound 2-benzoyloxy-1-phenylethyl adduct with TEMPO gave essentially the same result. These disubstituted derivatives retained the redox properties of C60 and gave UV−vis spectra characteristic of 1,4-bisadducts. A possible mechanism by which disubstituted derivatives are selectively produced was discussed.
Approach for Increasing the Adaptability of Digital Outdoor Advertising (2020)

The article describes possible solutions to improve the adaptability of digital outdoor advertising. A mathematical model for placing smart advertisements has been built and an algorithm for finding an effective schedule for displaying advertisements has been proposed. Evaluations of the effectiveness of a set of commercials placed in accordance with the proposed approach are given as a model check. The proposed model can be used to control a distributed outdoor advertising system using IoT technology.
Electrospinning of Polyvinylidene Difluoride with Carbon Nanotubes: Synergistic Effects of Extensional Force and Interfacial Interaction on Crystalline Structures (2008)

Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) solutions containing a very low concentration of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) of similar surface chemistry, respectively, were electrospun, and the nanofibers formed were collected using a modified rotating disk collector. The polymorphic behavior and crystal orientation of the nanofibers were studied using wide-angle X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy, while the nanotube alignment and interfacial interactions in the nanofibers were probed by transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. It is shown that the interfacial interaction between the SWCNTs and PVDF and the extensional force experienced by the nanofibers in the electrospinning and collection processes can work synergistically to induce highly oriented beta-form crystallites extensively. In contrast, the MWCNTs could not be well aligned along the nanofiber axis, which leads to a lower degree of crystal orientation.
Fast, easy and efficient: site-specific insertion of transgenes into enterobacterial chromosomes using Tn7 without need for selection of the insertion event. (2006)

This method is more efficient and straightforward than other techniques for transgene insertion available for E. coli and related bacteria, making moving transgenes from plasmids to a chromosomal location a simple matter. The non-requirement for selection is particularly well suited for use in development of unmarked strains for environmental release, such as live-vector vaccine strains, and also for promoter-fusion studies, and experiments in which every bacterial cell must express a transgene construct.
Human Semaphorin-4A drives Th2 responses by binding to receptor ILT-4 (2018)

Semaphorin-4A (Sema4A) has been implicated in the co-stimulation of T cells and drives Th1 immune responses by binding to the receptor T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain protein 2 (Tim-2) in mice. Here we show that human, but not murine, Sema4A is preferentially expressed on antigen-presenting cells, and co-stimulates CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell proliferation and drives Th2 responses. By employing two independent cloning strategies, we demonstrate that Immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT-4) is a receptor for human SEMA4A (hSEMA4A) on activated CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells. We also find hSEMA4A to be highly expressed in human asthmatic lung tissue, implying its potential function in disease pathogenesis. Our study defines a different biological function of hSEMA4A from its murine homolog through its binding to the receptor of ILT-4 to co-stimulate CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells and regulate Th2 cells differentiation.
Contribution of data pre-processing to deconvolution of 3D fluorescence microscopy images (2006)

3-D optical fluorescence microscopy is an efficient tool for volumic investigation of biological samples. Nevertheless the image acquired by this way is altered by the properties of the microscope, according to its Point Spread Function (PSF). The aim of deconvolution algorithms is the reassignment of defocused information. This method provides an improvement in data quality and the possibility to compare specimens acquired using different systems. But deconvolution requires making a compromise between the precision of the result and the stability of the process, since this stability is directly related to the noise level of the data. This noise can be of different types, mainly electronic noise due to the sensors but we also include in the term "noise" the variation of fluorescence during the acquisition. Numerous deconvolution algorithms exist, giving variable results according to specimen characteristics. For the cases where deconvolution is not enough to obtain usable data, we developed some pre-process treatments. These tools can be used separately or consecutively depending on the application needs and specimen requirements.
Study on the Current Status of Multicultural Education in South Korea (2011)

In recent days, Korean society has rapidly become multicultural society due to the sharp increase of immigrants. However, the cultural exclusiveness of Korean has caused the lack of understanding multicultural education, which has led to the misguided discussions and practices of multicultural education and therefore, raised significant problems. In addition, educational materials and information for multicultural education are not only insufficient, but also culturally biased, which is not intended. This study aims to explore the tasks and alternative plans by understanding the current status of multicultural education. The literature research was employed as the study method. It was found that, 1) NPO is mainly charged with education for the foreign worker's families, 2) the official education institutes are insufficient and 3) the admission counseling by municipal and provincial offices of education does not practically guarantee the educational opportunities. The contents of the multicultural education for international marriage families are limited in Korea and Korean traditional culture and there are only 10 model schools for multicultural education nationwide. The number of children of saeteomins has not been exactly identified and the educations in Hanadul school while staying at Hana Center and alternative schools are all that are given to children of saeteomins. Children of saeteomins show low rate of enrollment to middle and high schools and higher rate of dropout than the other students. To solve the issues mentioned above, alternative measures in the policy level were found as follows: 1) the expansion of multicultural education opportunities, 2) the diversification of multicultural education contents, 3) the cultivation of specialized personnel, and 4) the guarantee of equal opportunity of education.
Nomogram for predicting traumatic subdural effusion after mild traumatic brain injury (2022)

Gender, age, history of hypertension, and basilar skull fracture can be used in a nomogram to predict subdural effusion after mild TBI.
Clinical Applications of Gene Therapy for Primary Immunodeficiencies (2015)

Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) have represented a paradigmatic model for successes and pitfalls of hematopoietic stem cells gene therapy. First clinical trials performed with gamma retroviral vectors (γ-RV) for adenosine deaminase severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA-SCID), X-linked SCID (SCID-X1), and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) showed that gene therapy is a valid therapeutic option in patients lacking an HLA-identical donor. No insertional mutagenesis events have been observed in more than 40 ADA-SCID patients treated so far in the context of different clinical trials worldwide, suggesting a favorable risk-benefit ratio for this disease. On the other hand, the occurrence of insertional oncogenesis in SCID-X1, WAS, and chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) RV clinical trials prompted the development of safer vector construct based on self-inactivating (SIN) retroviral or lentiviral vectors (LVs). Here we present the recent results of LV-mediated gene therapy for WAS showing stable multilineage engraftment leading to hematological and immunological improvement, and discuss the differences with respect to the WAS RV trial. We also describe recent clinical results of SCID-X1 gene therapy with SIN γ-RV and the perspectives of targeted genome editing techniques, following early preclinical studies showing promising results in terms of specificity of gene correction. Finally, we provide an overview of the gene therapy approaches for other PIDs and discuss its prospects in relation to the evolving arena of allogeneic transplant.
Ubiquitous computing environments and its usage access control (2006)

Ubiquitous computing aims to enhance computer use by utilizing many computer resources available through physical environments, but also making them invisible to users. The purpose of ubiquitous computing is anywhere and anytime access to information within computing infrastructures that is blended into a background and no longer be reminded. This ubiquitous computing poses new security challenges while the information can be accessed at anywhere and anytime because it may be applied by criminal users. The information may contain private information that cannot be shared by all user communities. Several approaches are designed to protect information for pervasive environments. However, ad-hoc mechanisms or protocols are typically added in the approaches by compromising disorganized policies or additional components to protect from unauthorized access.Usage control has been considered as the next generation access control model with distinguishing properties of decision continuity. In this paper, we present a usage control model to protect services and devices in ubiquitous computing environments, which allows the access restrictions directly on services and object documents. The model not only supports complex constraints for pervasive computing, such as services, devices and data types but also provides a mechanism to build rich reuse relationships between models and objects. Finally, comparisons with related works are analysed.
Cell Detection by Functional Inverse Diffusion and Non-negative Group Sparsity—Part I: Modeling and Inverse Problems (2018)

In this two-part paper, we present a novel framework and methodology to analyze data from certain image-based biochemical assays, e.g., ELISPOT and Fluorospot assays. In this first part, we start by presenting a physical partial differential equations (PDE) model up to image acquisition for these biochemical assays. Then, we use the PDEs’ Green function to derive a novel parameterization of the acquired images. This parameterization allows us to propose a functional optimization problem to address inverse diffusion. In particular, we propose a non-negative group-sparsity regularized optimization problem with the goal of localizing and characterizing the biological cells involved in the said assays. We continue by proposing a suitable discretization scheme that enables both the generation of synthetic data and implementable algorithms to address inverse diffusion. We end Part I by providing a preliminary comparison between the results of our methodology and an expert human labeler on real data. Part II is devoted to providing an accelerated proximal gradient algorithm to solve the proposed problem and to the empirical validation of our methodology.
Chest Medicine: Essentials of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 5th edition. (2006)

ing lung mechanics and gas exchange. Given length constraints, it perhaps works better as a review of these complex topics than as a concise introduction for the neophyte. To its advantage, this section on anatomy and physiology is more thoroughly augmented with diagrams and illustrations than much of the rest of the book. The section on acidbase balance emphasizes a primarily differential-diagnostic viewpoint on acid-base conditions; more readable and clinically applicable accounts of acid-base physiology can be found elsewhere. The “Gathering the Database” section includes brief “bird’s-eye-view” discussions of the key components of the respiratory history, physical, and adjunctive studies. The chapter on pulmonary function testing is particularly thorough and organized with an appropriate level of detail, considering the importance of these tests. It also includes a nice introduction to exercise physiology and testing. The heart of the text is titled “Manage
The effects of dietary flax oil and antioxidants on ascites and pulmonary hypertension in broilers using a low temperature model. (2001)

1. Three experiments were conducted using a low temperature model to induce pulmonary hypertension (PH) and ascites in broiler chickens. Diets containing 25 g or 50 g flax oil/kg food and control diets with an equivalent amount of animal/vegetable (A/V) blend oil, with and without supplemental antioxidants (vitamin C and vitamin E) were used. The amount of PH was assessed by the ratio of right ventricle weight to total ventricle weight (RV/TV ratio). Birds were considered to suffer from pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) if the RV/TV ratio was greater than 0.299. 2. In experiment 1, the test diets contained 50 g oil/kg food and were given during the grower period only. Birds fed on the flax oil diet tended to have a lower incidence of PHS, ascites and lower RV/TV ratios than birds fed on the control diet. However, when the flax oil diet was supplemented with antioxidants, the incidence of ascites, PHS, haematocrit and whole blood and plasma viscosity increased compared with birds fed on the flax oil diet without antioxidants. These effects were not seen in experiment 2, when the test diets containing 30 g oil/kg food (25 g flax oil plus 5 g A/V blend oil/kg food compared to 30 g A/V blend oil/kg food) were given during the grower period. However, in experiment 3, when the test diets containing 30 g oil/kg food were given from day 1 to week 8, birds fed on the control diet supplemented with antioxidants had a higher incidence of PHS than those fed on the control diet alone. 3. In all 3 experiments, there was no significant effect of dietary fat source or supplemental antioxidants on total food intake or food conversion. 4. We conclude that diets containing 50 g flax oil/kg food tend to reduce the incidence of PHS and ascites in broilers using a low temperature model but the results were not statistically significant. In some cases, supplementing diets with a combination of vitamin E and vitamin C increased the incidence of ascites and PHS.
Ischaemic heart disease mortality study among workers with occupational exposure to ammonium perfluorooctanoate (2009)

Objectives: Ammonium perfluorooctanoate (APFO) is a biopersistent surfactant used in the manufacture of several types of fluoropolymers. Based on previous findings of increased serum lipid levels associated with exposure to APFO, we evaluated ischaemic heart disease (IHD) mortality in a cohort of occupationally exposed workers. Methods: Relative risks (RR) were estimated from exposure–response analyses of cumulative exposure measures using proportional hazards regression models. Results: 239 IHD deaths have occurred in the cohort of 4747 workers with work histories from 1948 through 2002. RR estimates indicate no statistically significant increased mortality risk for IHD associated with estimated cumulative exposure. We observed a positive trend only at an exposure lag of 10 years. This finding was not reproduced in other 5-year exposure lags and was attenuated when different cutpoints for exposure categorisation were used. Conclusion: This exposure–response study shows no convincing evidence of increased IHD mortality risk for APFO-exposed workers at this plant. Further studies evaluating the incidence of IHD are being conducted.
Catalytic combustion of methane in a monolith washcoat: Effect of water inhibition on the effectiveness factor (1999)

Abstract This paper reports the results of a numerical investigation of the diffusion and reaction of methane in the washcoat of a catalytic monolith reactor. The kinetic rate expression used is an empirical equation determined experimentally for a palladium oxide catalyst. The effect of water inhibition on the reaction rate is included in the model. A multi‐species diffusion and reaction model is used to simulate the process. The model is solved in a 2‐D space using a finite element method. It is observed that the inhibiting effect of water tends to lower the observed reaction rate and that a higher surface water concentration results in an increase in the observed effectiveness factor. The effectiveness factor depends on three dimensionless parameters. Strong diffusion limitation can lead to high water concentrations at the interior of the catalytic washcoat.
Practical Signal Processing (2007)

Preface Part I. Foundations: 1. Introduction 2. Sampling 3. Conversion between analogue and digital 4. The frequency domain 5. Filters 6. Likelihood methods 7. Numerical considerations Part II. Applications: 8. Audio 9. Still images 10. Moving images 11. Communications 12. Implementations Answers to chapter exercises.