gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Detection of CPM based on second-order cyclostationarity (2010)

Previous work has focused on the cyclostationarity properties of complex CPM signals; depending on the size of the symbol alphabet and the values and number of modulation indices, evaluation of cyclostationarity at various high orders may be required. A novel detection method is presented that is based on the cyclostationarity present in the individual real and imaginary components of CPM signals. We observe that second-order cyclostationarity exists for certain delay vectors in 1REC CPM signals, regardless of the size of the symbol alphabet or the values and number of modulation indices. This low-order cyclostationarity is exploited to perform blind, asynchronous detection of CPM signals in the presence of complex additive Gaussian noise.
<i>WRR4,</i> a broad‐spectrum TIR‐NB‐LRR gene from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> that confers white rust resistance in transgenic oilseed brassica crops (2009)

White blister rust caused by Albugo candida (Pers.) Kuntze is a common and often devastating disease of oilseed and vegetable brassica crops worldwide. Physiological races of the parasite have been described, including races 2, 7 and 9 from Brassica juncea, B. rapa and B. oleracea, respectively, and race 4 from Capsella bursa-pastoris (the type host). A gene named WRR4 has been characterized recently from polygenic resistance in the wild brassica relative Arabidopsis thaliana (accession Columbia) that confers broad-spectrum white rust resistance (WRR) to all four of the above Al. candida races. This gene encodes a TIR-NB-LRR (Toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor-nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeat) protein which, as with other known functional members in this subclass of intracellular receptor-like proteins, requires the expression of the lipase-like defence regulator, enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1). Thus, we used RNA interference-mediated suppression of EDS1 in a white rust-resistant breeding line of B. napus (transformed with a construct designed from the A. thaliana EDS1 gene) to determine whether defence signalling via EDS1 is functionally intact in this oilseed brassica. The eds1-suppressed lines were fully susceptible following inoculation with either race 2 or 7 isolates of Al. candida. We then transformed white rust-susceptible cultivars of B. juncea (susceptible to race 2) and B. napus (susceptible to race 7) with the WRR4 gene from A. thaliana. The WRR4-transformed lines were resistant to the corresponding Al. candida race for each host species. The combined data indicate that WRR4 could potentially provide a novel source of white rust resistance in oilseed and vegetable brassica crops.
Stress effect on bone remodeling and osseointegration on dental implant with novel nano/microporous surface functionalization (2012)

The objective of this study was to investigate the stress distributions of a surface-treated dental implant and bone tissue under physiological loading. For ensuring success of dental implant treatment, one must examine the magnitude and location of the maximum stresses. Stress analysis models were constructed from computer tomography data. Although several studies have investigated finite element models of dental implants, none have used an implant model with a nanoporous layer in a biomimetic geometrical mandible model. The novel implant surface used in this study, comprised of a microlevel porous containing a nanolevel porous structure, was complex and it was difficult to present due to the limitation of computer efficiency. However, this complex geometry was simplified using a film, to further investigate stresses resulting from 0 nm, 50 nm, 500 nm, 5 μm, and 50 μm surface treatment thicknesses. Results indicated that the stresses transferred more uniformly in implants with nanoporous surface treatments, and that the stresses decreased with increasing layer thickness. Our study showed that this could be potentially beneficial for understanding the stress properties of surface-treated layers for dental implants.
Data transmission over VHF and UHF land mobile radio channels (1983)

A microprocessor-controlled data transmission system is described for use over VHF and UHF land mobile radio channels. The system is based on ARQ operation of error control, additional information regarding the validity of the received data being provided by a signal strength detector. Direct modulation of an FM carrier is employed, although the system may also be used with subcarrier modulation in order to allow the use of existing voice communication equipment. The terminal equipment is predominantly digital in operation, thereby allowing full microprocessor control. As far as it is able the processor adapts the system to the current channel conditions by varying the coding technique employed and the data block size.
Non-Invasive Imaging of Beta Cell Mass: A Quantitative Analysis (2004)

The limits developed here can serve as criteria for identifying candidate imaging agents for the in vivo imaging of beta cell mass, thereby avoiding expensive preclinical development using compounds that have no chance of success.
SapC-DOPS nanovesicles: a novel targeted agent for the imaging and treatment of glioblastoma (2015)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as grade IV astrocytoma, GBMs are extremely aggressive, almost always recur, and despite our best efforts, remain incurable. This review describes the traditional treatment approaches that led to moderate successes in GBM patients, discusses standard imaging modalities, and presents data supporting the use of SapC-DOPS, a novel proteoliposomal formulation with tumoricidal activity, as a promising diagnostic imaging tool and an innovative anti-cancer agent against GBM.
Carbide Nanoparticles Encapsulated in the Caves of Carbon Nanotubes by an In Situ Reduction-Carbonization Route (2011)

Carbides (TiC, WC, and NbC) nanoparticles fully encapsulated in the caves of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized via an in situ reduction-carbonization route at 600 ∘ C in an autoclave. The structural features and morphologies of as-obtained products were investigated using by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). HRTEM studies showed that the average diameter of CNTs encapsulated with carbide nanoparticles are in the range of 15–40 nm. The reaction temperature, the reaction time, and the metal catalyst are found to play crucial roles to the product morphology. The growth mechanism of carbide nanoparticles encapsulated in CNTs was discussed in detail.
The effect of packet reordering in a backbone link on application throughput (2002)

Packet reordering in the Internet is a well-known phenomenon. As the delay and speed of backbone links continue to increase, what used to be a negligible amount of packet reordering may now, combined with some level of dropped packets, cause multiple invocations of fast recovery within a TCP window. This may result in a significant drop in link utilization and hence in application throughput. What adds to the difficulty is that packet reordering is a silent problem. It may result in significant application throughput degradation while leaving little to no trace. In this article we try to measure and quantify the effect of reordering packets in a backbone link that multiplexes multiple TCP flows on application throughput. Different operating systems and delay values as well as various types of flow mixes were tested in a laboratory setup. The results show that only a small percentage of reordered packets, by at least three packet locations, in a backbone link can cause significant degradation of application throughput. Long flows are affected most. Due to the potential impact of this phenomenon, minimization of packet reordering as well as mitigating the effect algorithmically should be considered.
Circuit techniques for subthreshold leakage avoidance, control, and tolerance (2005)

As supply voltage scales down, transistor threshold voltage reduces, resulting in excessive subthreshold leakage power. This paper discusses circuit techniques for leakage avoidance, control, and tolerance to mitigate the subthreshold leakage. Interaction between technologist, circuit designers, and architects has now become even more important to optimize the entire system.
Research on coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (2012)

More than thirty related articles published in the authoritative magazines in the latest four years were refered.Thirteen ones on CHD and T2DM were chosen and classed according to the epidemiology of CHD with DM status,the pathophysiology of CHD with DM,the etiology and mechanisms of CHD with DM,the clinical features of CHD with DM,the principles,screening and diagnosis progress of CHD with DM.Results display of CHD is the major risk diseases of human life and health.CHD is closely related to DM.The proporation of patients with CHD and high blood sugar is high;The clinical symptoms are atypical,high mortality,poor prognosis,more clinical complications and difficult to control.So low-adiponectin,high plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1),Hyperuricemia Microalbuminuria,microalbuminuria,Cardiotrophin-1(CT-1),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hsCRP) and serum lipids concentration have a certain significance to detect type T2DM with CHD.Prompt to CHD is closely related to T2DM.More attention should be actively paid to blood sugar of old patients with CHD and early intervention should be given to patients with abnormal blood sugar levels.
A Numberless, Tensed Language for Action Oriented Tasks (2018)

Action oriented languages arc number intensive. Graphic languages arc centered around where to draw something rather than what to draw. The "where" involves a tedious numeric description of vertices.Robotics languages are also dominated by a "where" description. but now the "where" specifics a robot motion. The result is an array of numbers that obscures the meaning of the program to its reader. This paper shows how a number of linguistic devices can be used to eradicate the plethora of numbers from action oriented descriptions. Functions or verbs can be tensed (c.g., past tense) to modify their meaning without duplicating the root function. 'I'he result is an English-like description of a control structure. Arguments or nouns can be modified in name, like the use of a GENSYM function in Lisp which generates a unique variable name from a character string. and in number (e.g., singular vs. plural). The result is an English-like description of bound and quantified variables. The remaining quantitative description of action tasks can be relegated to a database whose management system is specialized for number management. 'The resulting language is a formal variant of a natural language with a Lisp-like syntax (i.e., lists with functions in the first position). The programs approach the readability of a natural language without the cost of ambiguity that is inherent in natural descriptions. Finally. the programs can be easily pretty printed in English so that they can bc read by non-programmers.
Health state utilities associated with attributes of treatments for hepatitis C (2014)

Adverse events and greater treatment regimen complexity were associated with lower utility scores, suggesting a perceived decrease in quality of life beyond the impact of hepatitis C. The resulting utilities may be used in models estimating and comparing the value of treatments for hepatitis C.
Inhibitor and activator: dual functions for SHIP in immunity and cancer (2010)

SHIP1 is at the nexus of intracellular signaling pathways in immune cells that mediate bone marrow (BM) graft rejection, production of inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokines, immunoregulatory cell formation, the BM niche that supports development of the immune system, and immune cancers. This review summarizes how SHIP participates in normal immune physiology or the pathologies that result when SHIP is mutated. This review also proposes that SHIP can have either inhibitory or activating roles in cell signaling that are determined by whether signaling pathways distal to PI3K are promoted by SHIP's substrate (PI(3,4,5)P(3) ) or its product (PI(3,4)P(2) ). This review also proposes the "two PIP hypothesis" that postulates that both SHIP's product and its substrate are necessary for a cancer cell to achieve and sustain a malignant state. Finally, due to the recent discovery of small molecule antagonists and agonists for SHIP, this review discusses potential therapeutic settings where chemical modulation of SHIP might be of benefit.
Synthesis of Core-Shell CS/APCS Particle via Electrostatic Self-Assembly (2018)

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3D ultrasound-based dynamic and transient elastography : first in vitro results (2005)

3D magnetic resonance (MR) elastography is a well-established technique based on monochromatic mechanical excitations to study soft tissue mechanical properties. MR imaging observations are used to calculate tissue viscoelastic properties and has been validated in vivo, but the technique is limited by the acquisition time (about ten minutes). We study the feasibility of performing 3D dynamic elastography using an ultrasound based imaging system. The ultrasound approach provides a low cost system and reduces the acquisition time by a factor of 300 (to about 2 seconds). Two ultrasonic arrays are moved perpendicularly using a stepper-motor-control positioning system to acquire ultrasonic images in a given volume of interest. Mechanical excitation is induced by a 20 mm square plate linked to an external vibrator. Displacements induced by the vibrator are calculated from ultrasound images using a 2-dimensional estimator (Tanter, M. et al., 2002). Each ultrasonic array is able to calculate in-plane (axial and lateral) displacements. Lateral displacements are the same from both arrays and are averaged. The configuration leads to the estimation of the three displacement components in a full 3D area. Imaging sequences for 3D displacements have been realized. Experiments were conducted in a phantom mimicking heterogeneous tissue with two harder inclusions. 3D shear elasticity, viscosity and anisotropy maps of the studied phantoms are presented and show the feasibility of building a full ultrasound based system for 3D dynamic elastography providing a complete description of tissue mechanical properties in a few seconds.
Biotreatment of Industrial Wastewater by Selected Algal‐Bacterial Consortia (2004)

Abstract A new approach for remediation processes in highly polluted environments is presented. The efficiency of algal‐bacterial associations for the remediation of industrial wastewater of a pond in Samara, Russia, was investigated. After screening of algae and bacteria for the resistance to the wastewater the following strains were selected: the algal strains Chlorella sp. ES‐13, Chlorella sp. ES‐30, Scenedesmus obliquus ES‐55, several Stichococcus strains (ES‐19, ES‐85, ES‐86, ES‐87, ES‐88), and Phormidium sp. ES‐90 and the bacterial strains Rhodococcus sp. Ac‐1267, Kibdelosporangium aridum 754 as well as two unidentified bacterial strains (St‐1, St‐2) isolated from the collector pond. All the strains listed above were immobilized onto various solid carriers (capron fibers for algae; ceramics, capron and wood for bacteria) and used for biotreatment in a pilot installation. The results showed that the selected algae and bacteria formed stable consortia during the degradation of the waste, which was demonstrated for the first time for the green alga Stichococcus . Stichococcus and Phormidium cells attached to capron fibers with the help of slime and formed a matrix. This matrix fixed the bacteria and eukaryotic algae and prevented them from being washed off. A significant decrease in the content of the pollutants was observed: phenols were removed up to 85 %, anionic surface active substances (anionic SAS) up to 73 %, oil spills up to 96 %, copper up to 62 %, nickel up to 62 %, zinc up to 90 %, manganese up to 70 %, and iron up to 64 %. The reduction of the biological oxygen demand (BOD 25 ) and the chemical oxygen demand COD amounted to 97 % and 51 %, respectively.
Status of p53 in first-trimester cytotrophoblastic cells (2006)

p53 has been called the cellular gatekeeper of the genome because it can induce cell-cycle arrest in G1, apoptosis or affect DNA replication in response to DNA damage. As p53 has been observed in first-trimester cytotrophoblastic cells (CTB), but its expression in normal cells is generally not detectable because of its short half-life, p53 could play an important role in cellular differentiation and/or in the control of the invasion of trophoblastic cells; therefore, p53 status was investigated in these cells. Using different antibodies recognizing different epitopes of p53 protein, abundant p53 expression was observed both in nuclear and in cytoplasmic compartments of first-trimester CTB. Whereas p53 was detected in the nuclei of few trophoblastic cells with an antibody recognizing the N-terminal epitope of the protein, high expression level of p53 in the cytoplasm of CTB was detected with an antibody recognizing the middle part of p53. The lack of immunoreactivity of p53 with antibodies recognizing the epitopes located at the N-terminus of p53 and the high level of p53 protein observed in the cytoplasm of CTB suggest that the N-terminus of p53 is involved in the formation of complexes. These cytoplasmic complexes were detected under non-reducing conditions in western blot analysis and had apparent molecular weights (MW) of 195, 167 or 125 kDa. These complexes could prolong the half-life of p53 in the cytoplasm of CTBs. By contrast, in the nuclei of CTBs, p53 seems to be present as a tetramer.
The Real Mortgage Costs (2002)

A total of 681 patients with stenosis and obstruction of the ureter (SOU) have been observed over a period of 5 years. The male/female ratio was 1:1.25. The etiologic factors for development of SOU have been as follows: calculus in the ureter--78 per cent of the total number of patients; infections of the ureter--8.1 per cent; posttraumatic injury to the ureter--6.5 per cent; congenital malformations of the ureter--4.2 per cent; papillary tumors of the ureter--2.7 per cent; retroperitoneal tumor--0.3 per cent.
Protein intake and urinary excretion of protein-derived metabolites in aging female vegetarians and nonvegetarians. (1991)

Relationships among age, protein intake, and urinary excretion of protein-derived metabolites were studied in 125 vegetarian and nonvegetarian women ages 40-92. There were 63 women in the vegetarian (AV) group and 62 women in the nonvegetarian (NV) group. Average daily intakes of energy and total animal and vegetable protein were calculated from 7-day dietary records. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were analyzed for total nitrogen, urea, creatinine, hydroxyproline, and inorganic sulfate. Energy intakes for the two groups were similar. AVs consumed less total and animal protein and more vegetable protein than NVs, even though both groups consumed more than the RDA for protein. No significant differences existed between the groups in the urinary excretion of total nitrogen, urea nitrogen, hydroxyproline, or inorganic sulfate. Energy and protein intakes and total nitrogen excretion were lower in older AVs than in younger AVs, while those of NVs increased between 40 and 55 years of age, and decreased among the older NV women. The relationship between these variables and age in NVs was more accurately described by polynomial rather than linear regression models.
Co‐channel interference mitigation in GSM networks by iterative estimation of channel and data (2003)

Abstract In multiple‐access communication systems several users share the system resources, thus creating co‐channel interference to each other. Multiuser detection, applied at the receiver side, is a powerful technique to combat co‐channel interference, in contrast to single‐user approaches that treat the interference as additive noise. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of achieving increased spectral efficiency in GSM‐like TDMA networks by applying multiuser detection. We focus on downlink operation and consider two mobile users that share the same physical channel within the same cell or in two adjacent cells. No synchronization between the base stations is assumed. Mobile terminals exploit multiple receiving antennas. We propose a simple iterative receiver algorithm that performs joint channel and data estimation. Results of simulations that evaluate the receiver's performance are presented. Copyright © 2003 AEI
ICE Network Cost: Dynamically selecting ICE candidate pairs based on relative cost of network interfaces (2016)

This document describes an extension to the Interactive Connectivity
Establishment (ICE) that enables ICE agents to exchange information
about the relative cost of network interfaces and dynamically choose
the selected ICE candidate pair based on the cost of both the local
and remote network interfaces. For example, if a cellular network
interface has a higher cost than a Wi-Fi network interface, the ICE
agents can use that information to prefer candidate pairs with Wi-Fi
rather than cellular when possible, and only use cellular when
necessary. This document additionally describes a second piece of
information, network ID, that goes along with the network cost and can
be used to know when a network interface has changed, even if two
network interfaces have the same network cost.
Wi-Fi reflashing system for electronic control units (2015)

In complex electromechanical systems as airplanes, submarines, vehicles and others, often occurs a software error that is detected after the system has been manufactured and sold. This type of error can be eliminated by means of re-flashing the electronic board that is affected. Usually this is done manually via a wire connection and, as a result, the affected electronic device has to be physically present at a proper facility in order to perform the reprogramming process. Due to that, a wireless reflashing scheme for electronic boards, based on the Wi-Fi network, is presented in this work. The proof of concept of the scheme was developed using commercial electronic boards. It considers CAN (Controller Area Network) as the protocol communication for the electronic board to be re-programmed as it is widely used in automotive and aeronautics industry. Experimental results are described and some conclusions are addressed at the end of the document.
Metabolic pathway for the universal fluorescent recognition of tumor cells (2017)

Quantification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood samples from cancer patients is a non-invasive approach to monitoring the status of the disease. Most of the methods proposed in the recent years are phenomenological and rely on the use of antibodies labelled with fluorophores, magnetic particles, or immobilized on surfaces to capture the CTCs. Herein, we designed and optimized a method that employs a glucose analogue labelled with a fluorophore which takes advantage of the different metabolic pathways of cancer cells to discern them from normal ones. Notably, we demonstrate that fluorescence signal in tumor cells can be greatly maximized by applying hyperoxia conditions without damaging the cells. These results are demonstrated by means of confocal fluorescence and flow-cytometry measurements in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) extracted after Ficoll of human blood samples and spiked with a known concentration of MCF-7 tumor cells.