gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of track-to-track fusion algorithms for automotive sensor fusion (2008)

In exteroceptive automotive sensor fusion, sensor data are usually only available as processed, tracked object data and not as raw sensor data. Applying a Kalman filter to such data leads to additional delays and generally underestimates the fused objectspsila covariance due to temporal correlations of individual sensor data as well as inter-sensor correlations. We compare the performance of a standard asynchronous Kalman filter applied to tracked sensor data to several algorithms for the track-to-track fusion of sensor objects of unknown correlation, namely covariance union, covariance intersection, and use of cross-covariance. For the simulation setup used in this paper, covariance intersection and use of cross-covariance turn out to yield significantly lower errors than a Kalman filter at a comparable computational load.
First aid drone for outdoor sports activities (2016)

Practicing sports in the outdoors as a way to reduce stress levels, improve health and even as an incentive to enhance social relations, has encouraged more and more people to leave the sedentary lifestyle to perform activities like walking, jogging, hiking, biking, among others. This trend of practicing outdoor sport activities also was driven by new technological gadgets (e.g., smartphone whit special apps, fitness trackers and smartwatches) since they allow tracking all the workout performance values (e.g., pace, speed, distance, duration), vita parameters and signals (e.g., heart rate, temperature and calories burned) and also allow following the exercise route (e.g., geographic coordinates). During outdoors sports activities, independently if these are amateur or professional, the sportsman can suffer accidents, which can result in body injuries, or an unexpected health problem (e.g., heart attack, heatstroke and dehydration) that can limit its mobility or even its conscious state. When this happens, an emergency service should be activated. This is the more important the more remote is the site of the emergency. A solution envisaged to provide emergency care as soon as possible in cross-country sports competitions, even when the land topography is very rough, is proposed in this paper. The base idea is to use a drone that carries a first aid kit (bandages, alcohol, cotton, gauze, water, and other emergency and survival products) and has real-time audio and video communications capabilities.
Fault tolerant nanoelectronic processor architectures (2005)

In this paper we propose a fault-tolerant processor architecture and an associated fault-tolerant computation model capable of fault tolerance in the nanoelectronic environment that is characterized by high and time varying fault rates. The proposed fault tolerant processor architecture not only guarantees the correctness of computation but also is flexible in that it dynamically trades-off computation resources and performance. The core of the architecture is a decentralized instruction control unit called the voter that achieves both fault tolerance and the maximum parallel execution of instructions by exploiting the abundant computational resources provided by nanotechnologies. Although the result of each instruction needs to be confirmed by executing it on multiple computation units, multiple unconfirmed instructions can proceed as speculative branches. The voter implements a hardware-frugal computation unit allocation algorithm to organize the redundant computations and to dynamically control the growth of speculative branches.
Vaginal mesh vs native tissue repairs for prolapse: FDA update and recent evidence (2011)

In 2010, 300,000 surgeries were performed in the U.S. for pelvic organ prolapse (POP), and 100,000 of those involved the placement of surgical mesh. The use of mesh in abdominal surgeries for POP has been described for over 50 years, but the first surgical mesh product specifically for POP was approved by the FDA in 2002. Over the last decade, transvaginal mesh POP surgeries have become more common, and mesh “kits” have been approved and are increasingly used for transvaginal POP repair, but clinical trial evidence of their safety and effectiveness has lagged behind rapid adoption into practice.
Electrical and optical properties of deep-red top-surface-emitting lasers (1992)

By studying thermal behavior of all-MBE surface-emitting lasers, barrier heights and optimum cavity design parameters are obtained. The barrier heights for holes between hetero-interfaces of Al/sub 0.3/Ga/sub 0.7/As-Al/sub 0.65/Ga/sub 0.35/As and AlAs-Al/sub 0.65/Ga/sub 0.35/As ( Delta x=-0.35) are measured to be 77 meV at zero bias for the deep-red top-surface-emitting laser. The barrier height decreases linearly with forward bias voltage, explaining the nonlinearity in current-voltage characteristics of the top-surface-emitting laser. The contribution of electrons to electrical resistance is estimated to be negligibly small compared to that of holes for the structure consisting of Delta /sub x/=0.35. Minimum threshold current and maximum differential quantum efficiency observed around 200 K indicate slight mismatch between gain maximum and Fabry-Perot resonance for the deep-red top-surface-emitting laser.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
2D-to-3D conversion based on depth-from-motion (2011)

With the development of computer vision technology, stereo video technology gets more and more popular. However, compared with the growing number of stereoscopic display devices, the 3D content for display is obviously insufficient. On the other hand, there exists tremendous amount of 2D video resources. As a result, the 2D to 3D video conversion becomes a common interest of both academic and industrial communities. This paper focuses on the characteristics of 2D to 3D technology, summarizes different transformation methods, and presents a semi-automatic depth extraction scheme from motion estimation. The experimental results show that this scheme can obtain 3D depth maps with relatively high quality.
The kinematics problems of 9 DOF cable driven robotic crane. (2009)

In this paper the status of ongoing project is presented. The 9-DOF cable driven robot has been developed. Platform hung under the ceiling, uses gravity to maintain tension in cables. Over a limited range of motion and orientations the cable driven platform can be controlled to be stiff and stable in six DOF. The extra three DOF that are in charge of moving anchor points make the robot redundant and give extended maneuverability to easily avoid obstacles. The kinematics problems have been described. The simple solution of calculating the inverse kinematics equations has been given. The very fast method of estimating the approximate result of direct kinematics problem has been proposed.
Retinoid regulation of heparin‐binding EGF‐like growth factor gene expression in human keratinocytes and skin* (1998)

Retinoic acid (RA) has profound effects on epidermal homeostasis; however, the molecular mechanisms by which retinoids regulate keratinocyte cell proliferation and differentiation are not well understood. Here we report that mRNA expression of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), a member of the EGF family of growth factors, is induced by RA in human keratinocytes and skin, and is overexpressed in the context of epidermal hyperplasia in vivo. Treatment of normal adult human keratinocytes with micromolar concentrations of RA significantly induced the expression of HB-EGF. The response was efficiently blocked by specific inhibitors of ErbB tyrosine kinase activity, MAP kinase kinase (MEK), or p38 stress-activated protein kinase. RA also enhanced the induction of HB-EGF mRNA in human skin organ culture, an ex vivo model system displaying many similarities to wound healing in vivo. HB-EGF transcripts were markedly increased in human skin by topical treatment with RA under conditions known to provoke epidermal hyperplasia. HB-EGF transcripts were also markedly overexpressed in the hyperplastic epidermis of psoriatic lesions, relative to normal skin. These results support the hypothesis that the effects of RA on epidermal hyperplasia are mediated at least in part by HB-EGF, and suggest that signal transduction mechanisms other than or in addition to nuclear RA receptors contribute to this effect.
Safety of Tissue Expander/Implant versus Autologous Abdominal Tissue Breast Reconstruction in Postmastectomy Breast Cancer Patients (2014)

Therapeutic, III.
Preparation of recombinant fibronectin fragments for functional and structural studies (2009)

Fibronectin, an ubiquitous extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein, plays a major role in fundamental biological processes such as cell adhesion and migration, maintenance of normal cell morphology, cytoskeletal organization, and cell differentiation. Fibronectin is constructed from three types of independently folding protein module (Fn1, Fn2, and Fn3) and is found as a Fibrillar network in the ECM where it interacts with other ECM components and provides anchorage sites for cell surface integrin receptors. The mosaic nature of fibronectin permits it to be analyzed by a "dissection" strategy, where protein fragments generated by recombinant expression in E. coli, P. pastoris, and human cell lines are employed in structural and functional investigations. We describe methods suitable for the production of various fibronectin fragments for study by a variety of techniques including crystallography and electron microscopy but special mention is made of methods suitable for the production of samples for NMR studies.
Recent advances toward a fiber optic sensor for nerve agent (2008)

We report advances made on the development of a fiber optic nerve agent sensor having its entire length as the sensing element. Upon exposure to sarin gas or its simulant, diisopropyl fluorophosphate, the cladding changes color resulting in an alteration of the light intensity throughput. The optical fiber is multimode and consists of a fused-silica core and a nerve agent sensitive cladding. The absorption characteristics of the cladding affect the fiber's spectral attenuation and limit the length of light guiding fiber that can be deployed continuously. The absorption of the cladding is also dependent on the sensor formulation, which in turn influences the sensitivity of the fiber. In this paper, data related to the trade-off of sensitivity, spectral attenuation, and length of fiber challenged will be reported. The fiber is mass produced using a conventional fiber optic draw tower. This technology could be used to protect human resources and buildings from dangerous chemical attacks, particularly when large areas or perimeters must be covered. It may also be used passively to determine how well such areas have been decontaminated.
Comparison of Speech Processing Strategies Used in the Clarion Implant Processor (2003)

If temporal information were the primary factor in speech recognition with cochlear implants then SAS should consistently produce higher speech recognition scores than CIS. That was not the case, however, because most CIS users performed significantly worse with the SAS strategy on all speech tests. Hence, there seems to be a trade-off between improving the temporal resolution with an increasing number of simultaneous channels and introducing distortions from electrical-field interactions. Performance for some CI users improved when the number of simultaneous channels increased to two (PPS strategy) and four (QPS strategy). The improvement with the PPS and QPS strategies must be due to the higher rates of stimulation. The above results suggest that CIS users are less likely to benefit with the SAS strategy, and they are more likely to benefit from the PPS and QPS strategies, which provide higher rates of stimulation with small probability of channel interaction.
Helical vortex formation in three-dimensional electrochemical systems with ion-selective membranes (2016)

The rate of electric-field-driven transport across ion-selective membranes can exceed the limit predicted by Nernst (the limiting current), and encouraging this "overlimiting" phenomenon can improve efficiency in many electrochemical systems. Overlimiting behavior is the result of electroconvectively induced vortex formation near membrane surfaces, a conclusion supported so far by two-dimensional (2D) theory and numerical simulation, as well as experiments. In this paper we show that the third dimension plays a critical role in overlimiting behavior. In particular, the vortex pattern in shear flow through wider channels is helical rather than planar, a surprising result first observed in three-dimensional (3D) simulation and then verified experimentally. We present a complete experimental and numerical characterization of a device exhibiting this recently discovered 3D electrokinetic instability, and show that the number of parallel helical vortices is a jump-discontinuous function of width, as is the overlimiting current and overlimiting conductance. In addition, we show that overlimiting occurs at lower fields in wider channels, because the associated helical vortices are more readily triggered than the planar vortices associated with narrow channels (effective 2D systems). These unexpected width dependencies arise in realistic electrochemical desalination systems, and have important ramifications for design optimization.
Wavelet coding of volumetric medical images for high throughput and operability (2005)

This paper presents a new three-dimensional (3-D) wavelet-based scalable lossless coding scheme for compression of volumetric medical images. Aiming to improve the productivity of radiologists and the cost-effectiveness of the system, we strive to achieve high decoder throughput, random access to coded data volume, progressive transmission, and high compression ratio in a balanced design approach. These desirable functionalities are realized by a modified 3-D dyadic wavelet transform tailored to volumetric medical images and an optimized Rice code of very low complexity.
Designing an electron-transport layer for highly efficient, reliable, and solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (2017)

When using PEIE doped with n-type dopants as the ETL, <italic>ϕ</italic> of the cathode decreased, significantly improving OLED performance.
Temporal Aggregation and Economic Time Series (1995)

We examine the effects of temporal aggregation on the estimated time series properties of economic data. Theory predicts that temporal aggregation loses information about the underlying data processes. We find those losses to be substantial. Monthly and quarterly data are governed by complex time series processes with much low-frequency cyclical variation, whereas annual data are governed by extremely simple processes with virtually no cyclical variation. Cycles of much more than a year's duration in the monthly data disappear when the data are aggregated to annual observations. Moreover, the aggregated data show more long-run persistence than the underlying disaggregated data.
Mechanism of ventricular vulnerability to single premature stimuli in open-chest dogs. (1988)

To determine the mechanism of ventricular vulnerability to electrical stimulation, we simultaneously recorded from 120 transmural electrodes in a 35 X 20 X 5-mm portion of right ventricular infundibulum in seven dogs. Baseline pacing (S1) was performed from outside the mapped region followed by single premature stimulation (S2) of increasing strength at the center of the mapped region. In five of six episodes of ventricular fibrillation and 26 of 30 episodes of repetitive responses, complete reentrant pathways were observed. Earliest activation following S2 was not at the site of S2 stimulation but was at a point between the S1 and S2 sites of stimulation. Activation spread away from the early site toward the opposite side of the mapped region around the sides of an arc of block near the S2 site to form a "figure-of-eight." The activation fronts coalesced to activate the region around the S2 site last and, if the difference in times between activation at the early site and near the S2 site was large, reentered the tissue toward the S1 site. Ventricular refractory periods were determined in four dogs following S1 pacing; the regions with the greatest nonuniformity in the dispersion of refractoriness were not the regions of unidirectional block after S2 stimulation. Thus, 1) ventricular fibrillation and repetitive responses induced electrically with S1 and S2 stimuli at different ventricular sites arise by figure-of-eight reentry, 2) this reentry is caused by the ability of S2 stimulation both to prolong refractoriness near the S2 site and to initiate a propagated response in the region between the S1 and S2 sites, and 3) a nonuniform dispersion of refractoriness is not crucial for the electrical induction of reentry leading to ventricular fibrillation or repetitive responses when S1 and S2 stimuli are given at different locations on the right ventricular outflow tract.
An Arabidopsis <i>GSK3/shaggy</i>-Like Gene That Complements Yeast Salt Stress-Sensitive Mutants Is Induced by NaCl and Abscisic Acid (1999)

GSK3/shaggy-like genes encode kinases that are involved in a variety of biological processes. By functional complementation of the yeast calcineurin mutant strain DHT22-1a with a NaCl stress-sensitive phenotype, we isolated the Arabidopsis cDNA AtGSK1, which encodes a GSK3/shaggy-like protein kinase. AtGSK1 rescued the yeast calcineurin mutant cells from the effects of high NaCl. Also, the AtGSK1 gene turned on the transcription of the NaCl stress-inducible PMR2A gene in the calcineurin mutant cells under NaCl stress. To further define the role of AtGSK1 in the yeast cells we introduced a deletion mutation at the MCK1 gene, a yeast homolog of GSK3, and examined the phenotype of the mutant. The mck1 mutant exhibited a NaCl stress-sensitive phenotype that was rescued by AtGSK1. Also, constitutive expression of MCK1 complemented the NaCl-sensitive phenotype of the calcineurin mutants. Therefore, these results suggest that Mck1p is involved in the NaCl stress signaling in yeast and that AtGSK1 may functionally replace Mck1p in the NaCl stress response in the calcineurin mutant. To investigate the biological function of AtGSK1 in Arabidopsis we examined the expression of AtGSK1. Northern-blot analysis revealed that the expression is differentially regulated in various tissues with a high level expression in flower tissues. In addition, the AtGSK1 expression was induced by NaCl and exogenously applied ABA but not by KCl. Taken together, these results suggest that AtGSK1 is involved in the osmotic stress response in Arabidopsis.
Preparation and Sintering Behavior of Fine‐Grained A1 <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> ‐SiO <sub>2</sub> Composite (1985)

A fine, uniform A1 2 O 3 ‐SiO 2 powder was prepared by heterocoagulation of narrow Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 powders. This composite powder was dispersed, compacted, and fired in air at 900° to 1580°C for 1 to 13 h. Full density was achieved at 1550°C with the formation of a mullite phase. Relative densities of 83% and 98% (0.3 μm grain size) were measured for samples sintered at 1200°C for 13 h and at 1400°C for 1 h, respectively.
New Techniques for Biopsy and Culture of Human Olfactory Epithelial Neurons (1998)

This study explains and overcomes most of the variability in the success in observing neurogenesis in cultures of adult human olfactory epithelium. The techniques presented here make the human olfactory epithelium a useful model for clinical research into certain olfactory dysfunctions and a model for the causes of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases.
Identification and Analysis of Three Hub Prognostic Genes Related to Osteosarcoma Metastasis (2021)

Osteosarcoma (OS) often occurs in children and often undergoes metastasis, resulting in lower survival rates. Information on the complexity and pathogenic mechanism of OS is limited, and thus, the development of treatments involving alternative molecular and genetic targets is hampered. We categorized transcriptome data into metastasis and nonmetastasis groups, and 400 differential RNAs (230 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and 170 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)) were obtained by the edgeR package. Prognostic genes were identified by performing univariate Cox regression analysis and the Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis. We then examined the correlation between the expression level of prognostic lncRNAs and mRNAs. Furthermore, microRNAs (miRNAs) corresponding to the coexpression of lncRNA-mRNA was predicted, which was used to construct a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network. Finally, multivariate Cox proportional risk regression analysis was used to identify hub prognostic genes. Three hub prognostic genes (ABCG8, LOXL4, and PDE1B) were identified as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OS. Furthermore, transcriptions factors (TFs) (DBP, ESX1, FOS, FOXI1, MEF2C, NFE2, and OTX2) and lncRNAs (RP11-357H14.16, RP11-284N8.3, and RP11-629G13.1) that were able to affect the expression levels of genes before and after transcription were found to regulate the prognostic hub genes. In addition, we identified drugs related to the prognostic hub genes, which may have potential clinical applications. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) confirmed that the expression levels of ABCG8, LOXL4, and PDE1B coincided with the results of bioinformatics analysis. Moreover, the relationship between the hub prognostic gene expression and patient prognosis was also validated. Our study elucidated the roles of three novel prognostic biomarkers in the pathogenesis of OS as well as presenting a potential clinical treatment for OS.
Detailed Full-Body Reconstructions of Moving People from Monocular RGB-D Sequences (2015)

We accurately estimate the 3D geometry and appearance of the human body from a monocular RGB-D sequence of a user moving freely in front of the sensor. Range data in each frame is first brought into alignment with a multi-resolution 3D body model in a coarse-to-fine process. The method then uses geometry and image texture over time to obtain accurate shape, pose, and appearance information despite unconstrained motion, partial views, varying resolution, occlusion, and soft tissue deformation. Our novel body model has variable shape detail, allowing it to capture faces with a high-resolution deformable head model and body shape with lower-resolution. Finally we combine range data from an entire sequence to estimate a high-resolution displacement map that captures fine shape details. We compare our recovered models with high-resolution scans from a professional system and with avatars created by a commercial product. We extract accurate 3D avatars from challenging motion sequences and even capture soft tissue dynamics.