gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CD83 is a new potential biomarker and therapeutic target for Hodgkin lymphoma (2018)

Chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are effective treatments for most Hodgkin lymphoma patients, however there remains a need for better tumor-specific target therapy in Hodgkin lymphoma patients with refractory or relapsed disease. Herein, we demonstrate that membrane CD83 is a diagnostic and therapeutic target, highly expressed in Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines and Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells in 29/35 (82.9%) Hodgkin lymphoma patient lymph node biopsies. CD83 from Hodgkin lymphoma tumor cells was able to trogocytose to surrounding T cells and, interestingly, the trogocytosing CD83<sup>+</sup>T cells expressed significantly more programmed death-1 compared to CD83<sup>-</sup>T cells. Hodgkin lymphoma tumor cells secreted soluble CD83 that inhibited T-cell proliferation, and anti-CD83 antibody partially reversed the inhibitory effect. High levels of soluble CD83 were detected in Hodgkin lymphoma patient sera, which returned to normal in patients who had good clinical responses to chemotherapy confirmed by positron emission tomography scans. We generated a human anti-human CD83 antibody, 3C12C, and its toxin monomethyl auristatin E conjugate, that killed CD83 positive Hodgkin lymphoma cells but not CD83 negative cells. The 3C12C antibody was tested in dose escalation studies in non-human primates. No toxicity was observed, but there was evidence of CD83 positive target cell depletion. These data establish CD83 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in Hodgkin lymphoma.
Brain Activity of Adolescents with High Functioning Autism in Response to Emotional Words and Facial Emoticons (2014)

Studies of social dysfunction in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have generally focused on the perception of emotional words and facial affect. Brain imaging studies have suggested that the fusiform gyrus is associated with both the comprehension of language and face recognition. We hypothesized that patients with ASD would have decreased ability to recognize affect via emotional words and facial emoticons, relative to healthy comparison subjects. In addition, we expected that this decreased ability would be associated with altered activity of the fusiform gyrus in patients with ASD. Ten male adolescents with ASDs and ten age and sex matched healthy comparison subjects were enrolled in this case-control study. The diagnosis of autism was further evaluated with the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. Brain activity was assessed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in response to emotional words and facial emoticon presentation. Sixty emotional words (45 pleasant words +15 unpleasant words) were extracted from a report on Korean emotional terms and their underlying dimensions. Sixty emoticon faces (45 pleasant faces +15 unpleasant faces) were extracted and modified from on-line sites. Relative to healthy comparison subjects, patients with ASD have increased activation of fusiform gyrus in response to emotional aspects of words. In contrast, patients with ASD have decreased activation of fusiform gyrus in response to facial emoticons, relative to healthy comparison subjects. We suggest that patients with ASD are more familiar with word descriptions than facial expression as depictions of emotion.
Changes in Surgical Treatment of Mitral Valve Disease in Our Department (2004)

The surgical procedures used to treat mitral valve disease have changed in the last 30 years. The aim of this study was to assess trends in surgical procedures for mitral valve disease at the Jikei University Hospital. From 1972 to 2003770 patients with mitral valve disease underwent one of following procedures in our department:closed mitral commissurotomyopen mitral commissuro‑ tomymitral valve replacement and mitral valve plasty. The number of patients with mitral valve disease has decreased since the 1980sbecause of a decrease in the incidence of rheumatic valvular disease. The surgical procedures have changed with the causes of mitral valve disease. As a resultthe incidence of degenerative and ischemic mitral regurgitation has increasedand mitral valve plasty has been performed more often. (Jikeikai Med J 2004;51:97-103
Fiber Bragg grating sensors for dynamic machining applications (2003)

Fiber Bragg grating sensors have attracted considerable attention for measurement applications due to their greatly reduced size, low weight, and immunity to electromagnetic interference in comparison with traditional sensing methods. Dynamic measurement of industrial machine tools is useful for gauging surface accuracy, monitoring tool condition, and predicting process stability, but requires a robust sensing scheme. The small size and high natural frequencies of micro machining tools coupled with a harsh manufacturing environment can render traditional sensors ineffective. This work presents a new method for measuring tool motion with fiber Bragg grating strain sensors. The feasibility of the sensing scheme is first demonstrated with a simple bench-top cantilever beam experiment. Then, a method for potting the sensors in the through coolant holes of a 1/8” carbide end mill with a high-viscosity gap-filling cyanoacrylate is demonstrated. Comparative structural analysis tests demonstrate the effectiveness of the sensors. Measurements of tool motion during cutting are presented. Finally, methods of noise reduction and improving signal accuracy are discussed.
A Survey on Evolutionary Computation Approaches to Feature Selection (2015)

Feature selection is an important task in data mining and machine learning to reduce the dimensionality of the data and increase the performance of an algorithm, such as a classification algorithm. However, feature selection is a challenging task due mainly to the large search space. A variety of methods have been applied to solve feature selection problems, where evolutionary computation (EC) techniques have recently gained much attention and shown some success. However, there are no comprehensive guidelines on the strengths and weaknesses of alternative approaches. This leads to a disjointed and fragmented field with ultimately lost opportunities for improving performance and successful applications. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art work on EC for feature selection, which identifies the contributions of these different algorithms. In addition, current issues and challenges are also discussed to identify promising areas for future research.
Controlled Magnetic Nanofiber Hydrogels by Clustering Ferritin (2008)

We have fabricated biocompatible nanofiber hydrogels with diverse sizes of ferritin clusters according to the mixing temperature of solutions employing electrospinning. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was used as a polymeric matrix for fabricating nanocomposites. By thermal means we controlled the interaction between the host PVA hydrogel and the protein shell on ferritin bionanoparticles to vary the size and concentration of ferritin clusters. The clustering of ferritin was based on the partial unfolding of a protein shell of ferritin. By studying the magnetic properties of the PVA/ferritin nanofibers according to the mixing temperature of the PVA/ferritin solutions, we confirmed that the clustering process of the ferritin was related to changes in the superparamagnetic properties and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast of the PVA/ferritin nanofibers. PVA/ferritin nanofiber hydrogels with diverse spatial distributions of ferritin nanoparticles are applicable as MRI-based noninvasive detectable cell culture scaffolds and as artificial muscles because of their improved superparamagnetic properties.
<i>In Vivo</i> Evaluation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells Delivered with a Nanofiber Scaffold for Tendon-to-Bone Repair (2015)

Rotator cuff tears are common and cause a great deal of lost productivity, pain, and disability. Tears are typically repaired by suturing the tendon back to its bony attachment. Unfortunately, the structural (e.g., aligned collagen) and compositional (e.g., a gradient in mineral) elements that produce a robust attachment in the healthy tissue are not regenerated during healing, and the repair is prone to failure. Two features of the failed healing response are deposition of poorly aligned scar tissue and loss of bone at the repair site. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to improve tendon-to-bone healing by promoting aligned collagen deposition and increased bone formation using a biomimetic scaffold seeded with pluripotent cells. An aligned nanofibrous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold with a gradient in mineral content was seeded with adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) and implanted at the repair site of a rat rotator cuff model. In one group, cells were transduced with the osteogenic factor bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). The healing response was examined in four groups (suture only, acellular scaffold, cellular scaffold, and cellular BMP2 scaffold) using histologic, bone morphology, and biomechanical outcomes at 14, 28, and 56 days. Histologically, the healing interface was dominated by a fibrovascular scar response in all groups. The acellular scaffold group showed a delayed healing response compared to the other groups. When examining bone morphology parameters, bone loss was evident in the cellular BMP2 group compared to other groups at 28 days. When examining repair-site mechanical properties, strength and modulus were decreased in the cellular BMP2 groups compared to other groups at 28 and 56 days. These results indicated that tendon-to-bone healing in this animal model was dominated by scar formation, preventing any positive effects of the implanted biomimetic scaffold. Furthermore, cells transduced with the osteogenic factor BMP2 led to impaired healing, suggesting that this growth factor should not be used in the tendon-to-bone repair setting.
Action Unit Driven Facial Expression Synthesis from a Single Image with Patch Attentive GAN (2021)

Abstract Recent advances in generative adversarial networks (GANs) have shown tremendous success for facial expression generation tasks. However, generating vivid and expressive facial expressions at Action Units (AUs) level is still challenging, due to the fact that automatic facial expression analysis for AU intensity itself is an unsolved difficult task. In this paper, we propose a novel synthesis‐by‐analysis approach by leveraging the power of GAN framework and state‐of‐the‐art AU detection model to achieve better results for AU‐driven facial expression generation. Specifically, we design a novel discriminator architecture by modifying the patch‐attentive AU detection network for AU intensity estimation and combine it with a global image encoder for adversarial learning to force the generator to produce more expressive and realistic facial images. We also introduce a balanced sampling approach to alleviate the imbalanced learning problem for AU synthesis. Extensive experimental results on DISFA and DISFA+ show that our approach outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art in terms of photo‐realism and expressiveness of the facial expression quantitatively and qualitatively.
Blinding: Codes and Code Breaking (1998)

This chapter contains sections titled: Background Purpose Other Related Procedures Procedure Checklist
Design considerations for a-Si:H/SiGe/Si heterojunction bipolar transistors (2003)

A SiGe/Si heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) with a thin n/sup +/ hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) emitter is discussed, in particular with reference to the dc current gain, by means of numerical simulations. The role of the fundamental geometric design parameters on the device performance is analyzed for a set of devices withstanding the same maximum emitter-collector voltage. It is shown that the emitter thickness has a minor effect on the device current gain, which is instead strongly influenced by the base thickness. However, due to the poor carrier mobility typical of a-Si:H, the total current handled by the device strongly depends on the emitter thickness and resistance. A dc current gain close to 10000 can be predicted for optimized a-Si:H/SiGe HBTs with a thin emitter and a narrow highly doped base.
Treatment of Acute Migraine Attack With Diclofenac Sodium: A Double‐Blind Study (1992)

The efficacy of diclofenac sodium, a potent prostaglandin inhibitor, in patients with acute migraine attacks in a double-blind placebo-controlled study involving 86 migraine patients. Forty-six patients with acute migraine attacks were treated with intramuscular injection of 75 mg diclofenac sodium, and another group of forty patients with intramuscular injection of paracetamol. Partial or complete relief of pain and other symptoms of acute migraine attack was achieved within 10 minutes after treatment in the diclofenac sodium group and within 32 minutes in the paracetamol group. Complete relief of attack was achieved within 30 minutes after diclofenac sodium in 40 patients (88%) compared to 7 patients (17.5%) of the paracetamol group (P less than 0.001). Five of the patients treated with diclofenac sodium needed a second injection for complete relief of pain during the 2-to-4 hour follow-up period. Side effects were rare and minimal. In conclusion, diclofenac sodium administered intramuscularly is a very effective drug in treating acute migraine attacks.
Unsupervised Learning of Probably Symmetric Deformable 3D Objects from Images in the Wild (2019)

We propose a method to learn 3D deformable object categories from raw single-view images, without external supervision. The method is based on an autoencoder that factors each input image into depth, albedo, viewpoint and illumination. In order to disentangle these components without supervision, we use the fact that many object categories have, at least in principle, a symmetric structure. We show that reasoning about illumination allows us to exploit the underlying object symmetry even if the appearance is not symmetric due to shading. Furthermore, we model objects that are probably, but not certainly, symmetric by predicting a symmetry probability map, learned end-to-end with the other components of the model. Our experiments show that this method can recover very accurately the 3D shape of human faces, cat faces and cars from single-view images, without any supervision or a prior shape model. On benchmarks, we demonstrate superior accuracy compared to another method that uses supervision at the level of 2D image correspondences.
Electrothermally excited silicon beam mechanical resonators (1987)

Silicon micromechanical resonators are described which use a polysilicon resistor for both electrothermal excitation and piezoresistive sensing. By suitable design these devices may have a very low temperature coefficient of frequency and be used as both frequency references and pressure sensors.
Absorption and refraction spectroscopy of a tunable-electron-density quantum-well and reservoir structure (1990)

We present differential absorption and refraction spectroscopy of a novel ${\mathrm{In}}_{\mathrm{x}}$${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{x}}$As/${\mathrm{In}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{y}}$${\mathrm{Al}}_{\mathrm{y}}$As multiple-quantum-well heterostructure in which the electron density inside the well is controlled electrically. This is achieved by providing a reservoir of electrons close to each quantum well in every fundamental building block. By applying a bias to the structure, electrons can be transferred from this reservoir into the nearby quantum well where they quench the absorption due to the Pauli exclusion principle. Our electroabsorption spectra reveal information about the Fermi energies in the quantum well and the reservoir as well as the electric fields in the well and the barrier material. In addition, we find that quenching of the quantum-well absorption is accompanied by a large change in refractive index below the quantum-well absorption edge, which is proportional to the number of electrons in the well. We demonstrate on a set of samples that the structure can be quantum mechanically engineered.
Visual cluster analysis in support of clinical decision intelligence. (2011)

Electronic health records (EHRs) contain a wealth of information about patients. In addition to providing efficient and accurate records for individual patients, large databases of EHRs contain valuable information about overall patient populations. While statistical insights describing an overall population are beneficial, they are often not specific enough to use as the basis for individualized patient-centric decisions. To address this challenge, we describe an approach based on patient similarity which analyzes an EHR database to extract a cohort of patient records most similar to a specific target patient. Clusters of similar patients are then visualized to allow interactive visual refinement by human experts. Statistics are then extracted from the refined patient clusters and displayed to users. The statistical insights taken from these refined clusters provide personalized guidance for complex decisions. This paper focuses on the cluster refinement stage where an expert user must interactively (a) judge the quality and contents of automatically generated similar patient clusters, and (b) refine the clusters based on his/her expertise. We describe the DICON visualization tool which allows users to interactively view and refine multidimensional similar patient clusters. We also present results from a preliminary evaluation where two medical doctors provided feedback on our approach.
128-GS/s ADC Front-End with Over 60-GHz Input Bandwidth in 22-nm Si/SiGe FDSOI CMOS (2018)

The analog front-end of a 6-to-8 bit 128-GS/s SAR ADC architecture with record 60-GHz input bandwidth is presented. It includes the data path, 25% duty-cycle dc-32 GHz quadrature clock generator, 4 master, and 32 slave track-and-hold (T&H) circuits formed with CMOS series switches. Each of the 32 slave CMOS T&Hs drives either a 50-Ω output buffer (for testing) or a 30-fF hold capacitor, representative of the load provided by each of the 32 SAR sub-ADCs. To achieve record bandwidth and sampling rate, the data distribution network and the singleended-to-differential clock amplifier use novel 0.8-V n-MOS and 1.2-V p-MOS Cherry-Hooper buffers with good common-mode and supply rejection beyond 100 GHz, validated through smalland large-signal measurements. The 32-GHz quadrature clock generator is realized with a novel 80-GHz input bandwidth, 0.8-V quasi-CML static divider, followed by inductively-peaked CMOS logic circuits. The total power consumption of the analog frontend is 320 mW of which 120 mW are consumed by the data sampling interleaver and 200 mW by the clock generation unit. It occupies a total die area of 0.65 mm × 0.37 mm.
Mechanisms of Hippo pathway regulation (2016)

The Hippo pathway was initially identified in Drosophila melanogaster screens for tissue growth two decades ago and has been a subject extensively studied in both Drosophila and mammals in the last several years. The core of the Hippo pathway consists of a kinase cascade, transcription coactivators, and DNA-binding partners. Recent studies have expanded the Hippo pathway as a complex signaling network with >30 components. This pathway is regulated by intrinsic cell machineries, such as cell-cell contact, cell polarity, and actin cytoskeleton, as well as a wide range of signals, including cellular energy status, mechanical cues, and hormonal signals that act through G-protein-coupled receptors. The major functions of the Hippo pathway have been defined to restrict tissue growth in adults and modulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration in developing organs. Furthermore, dysregulation of the Hippo pathway leads to aberrant cell growth and neoplasia. In this review, we focus on recent developments in our understanding of the molecular actions of the core Hippo kinase cascade and discuss key open questions in the regulation and function of the Hippo pathway.
Path tracking control of agricultural tractors with compensation for steering dynamics (2009)

Precise path tracking control of autonomous vehicles is an area which is beginning to benefit from an increased awareness of its importance and its challenge. One of the challenges comes about due to the need for increased accuracy and robustness. Kinematic models are primarily used for path tracking control due to their generic and more simplistic nature when compared to dynamic models. However, control based solely on the kinematic model rarely takes into consideration any of the dynamics that are present, which can degrade the performance. This paper looks at the path tracking control of vehicles, specifically agricultural tractors, incorporating compensation for inevitable steering dynamics. The path tracking control is achieved via a state transformation and full state feedback, equivalent to the backstepping algorithm. The backstepping approach with steering dynamics compensation is compared to more traditional kinematic model only approaches which assume such dynamics are insignificant when compared to the bandwidth of the path tracking controller itself. For comparison, such traditional approaches are implemented with both PD and 2-sliding mode controllers employed for low level steering control. Simulation results are carried out and show that incorporating the steering dynamics into the design can yield improvements in performance.
Highly selective fluorescence sensors for the fluoride anion based on carboxylate-bridged diiron complexes (2015)

A new ligand bearing anthracene and its Fe(III) and Ru(III) derivatives have been synthesized and characterized exactly. The studies show that these dinuclear metal complexes serve as candidates of fluorescence chemosensors for anions. The interactions between these complexes and anions have been investigated by means of UV-Vis absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra, titration studies and (1)H-NMR. The results illustrated that two diiron complexes, [Cp*Fe(μ-SR)2(μ-η(2)-L)FeCp*][PF6] (, R = Me; , R = Et; L = 4-(3-(anthracen-9-ylmethyl)ureido)benzoate), showed rapid and selective recognition for the fluoride ion over other anions with strong enhancement of emission intensities. The sensing mechanisms indicate that the hydrogen bonding interaction has been observed between chemosensors and F(-).
Voltage Regulation With STATCOMs: Modeling, Control and Results (2006)

This paper presents system modeling and control design for fast load voltage regulation using static compensators (STATCOMs). The modeling strategy gives a clear representation of load voltage magnitude and STATCOM reactive current on an instantaneous basis. The particular coordinate transformation employed here also facilitates extraction of linearized system dynamics in conjunction with circuit simulators. It is rigorously shown that the control problem of load voltage regulation using reactive current is nonminimum phase. Linear and nonlinear controllers for the regulation problem are designed and compared via simulation results. Internal dynamics of the STATCOM are modeled using the same strategy. Lyapunov based adaptive controllers are designed for controlling the STATCOM reactive current while maintaining its dc bus voltage. Simulation results of the controlled STATCOM integrated with the load bus voltage controller are presented to show efficacy of the modeling and control design.