gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effect of Platelet-Activating Factor on Glycogen Metabolism in Fetal Rat Lung (1991)

Platelet-activating factor (1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, or PAF) has previously been shown to induce glycogenolysis in the perfused adult rat liver and in the lung and liver of 24 day (gestational age) fetal rabbits in utero. In the present report, the effect of PAF was examined in fetal rats that were intravenously injected (through the vitellin vein) at a stage in their gestational development characterized by rapid glycogen depletion and surfactant accumulation. At 24 h after PAF administration of 2.5 micrograms and 5.0 micrograms to 19.5- and 20.5-day-old fetal rats, respectively, the lung glycogen content decreased significantly. In contrast, the inactive enantiomer of PAF did not modify the glycogenolytic response in vivo. When [14C]glucose (5 muCi) and PAF (5 micrograms) were simultaneously injected through the vitellin vein of the fetus, the radioactivity incorporated into lung glycogen was reduced as compared with control fetuses receiving the vehicle alone. An additional effect of PAF was noted in experiments designed to correlate glycogen breakdown to surfactant phospholipid biosynthesis. An inhibition of [3H]choline uptake and incorporation into phospholipids of fetal human lung explants and fetal lung type II pneumonocytes was induced by PAF. It is concluded that PAF appears to be a potential inducer of glycogen breakdown in the fetal lung and the relationship of these findings to fetal lung maturation is discussed.
Scanning magnetic force microscopy on Co/Pt magneto-optical disks (1991)

High resolution images of domains written on Co/Pt magneto-optical disks were obtained using scanning magnetic force microscopy. The key advantage of this technique compared to electron microscopy techniques is that regular disks can be used. We studied the influence of the multilayer composition and preparation conditions as well as the effect of the pregrooves and the incorporation of a Pt underlayer, on the structure of the domains on the disk. Marks were written both with laser and magnetic field modulation, and carrier and noise levels were determined. Regularly shaped and subdomain-free marks for both writing schemes were obtained for multilayers with about 4-Å-thick Co layers and Pt layers thinner than 15 Å. The magnitude of the coercive field had only a minor influence on the domain structure. On the other hand, the preparation conditions and the structure of the base layers have a large impact on the recording conditions and domain structures.
Towards a Useful Dynamic Model of the Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Process: A Practical Illustration of Process Identification (1992)

Results are reported from a dynamic modelling study conducted on a pilot scale anaerobic fluidized bed. The objective of the study was to generate data to identify, evaluate and eventually calibrate a dynamic model for on-line estimation and forecasting in a process control system. Experiments consisted of pulse inputs of glucose, propionic acid, and acetic acid during the treatment of a distillery wastewater. The dynamic response of the methane and carbon dioxide production rates, hydrogen content of the biogas, effluent volatile acid concentrations and effluent COD concentrations are shown. A model structure was postulated based on the results observed in the dynamic experiments. An extended Kalman filter state estimation algorithm was employed to provide estimates of unmeasured process states and parameters. The use of the state estimation technique improved the performance of the model, helped locate model inadequacies, and provided information to direct further model development.
The Risk of Dying from Legal Abortion in the United States, 1972–1975 (1977)

ABSTRACT Data gathered by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) through epidemiologic surveillance of deaths associated with legal abortions performed from 1972 through 1975 are analyzed by the type of procedure and the gestational age of the patients. Analysis shows that deaths increase at higher gestational ages and that the risk of death from abortion is highest with hysterotomy and hysterectomy and lowest with suction curettage. Second trimester instillation procedures are associated with higher rates of mortality than first trimester curettage procedures, even when dilatation and evacuation at 13–15 weeks' gestation is included as a curettage procedure. A case history of a patient who died as a result of legal abortion demonstrates that while legal abortion is a safe surgical procedure, some of the deaths that still occur can be prevented.
The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor acts as a tumour suppressor in malignant glioma cells (2003)

The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a membrane glycoprotein with a cytoplasmic domain, a transmembrane domain and an extracellular region consisting of two immunoglobulin-like domains, an amino-terminal immunoglobulin variable (IgV)-related domain (D1), which is distal to the cell surface, and a proximal IgC2 domain (D2). The coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor has been shown to exhibit tumour suppression activity in human bladder and prostate cancer cells. In the current paper, we demonstrate that CAR is a tumour suppressor in glioma cells and that the extracellular D2 domain is not required for this inhibitory effect. This finding provides a biological basis for the observation that expression of CAR is downregulated in malignant glioma cells. This suggests that strategies to redirect adenoviruses to achieve CAR-independent infection will be necessary to realise the full potential of adenoviral vectors for cancer gene therapy.
Osteopontin-induced, integrin-dependent migration of human mammary epithelial cells involves activation of the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (Met) (2000)

Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted glycophosphoprotein which induces migration of mammary carcinoma cells, and has been implicated in the malignancy of breast carcinoma. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) induces cell migration of several mammary epithelial cell (MEC) lines, via activation of its cognate receptor (Met). This study examines the mechanism of OPN-induced MEC migration, in terms of the cell surface integrins involved and induction of the HGF/Met pathway. Three different MEC cell lines were used, representing different stages of tumor progression: 21PT, non-tumorigenic; 21NT, tumorigenic; non-metastatic; and MDA-MB-435, tumorigenic, highly metastatic. Human recombinant OPN was found to induce the migration of all three lines. OPN-induced migration of 21PT and 21NT cells was alphavbeta5 and beta1-integrin dependent, and alphavbeta3-independent, while that of MDA-MB-435 cells was alphavbeta3-dependent. HGF also induced migration of all three cell lines, and a synergistic response was seen to HGF and OPN together. The increased migration response to OPN was found to be associated with an initial increase in Met kinase activity (within 30 min), followed by an increase in Met mRNA and protein expression. OPN-induced cell migration is thus mediated by different cell surface integrins in MEC lines representing different stages of progression, and involves activation of the HGF receptor, Met.
<i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>proteins attenuate gastrointestinal motility disturbances during experimental colitis in mice (2010)

Treatment with S. mansoni proteins attenuated intestinal inflammation and ameliorated motility disturbances during murine experimental colitis.
<title>Aerogels, SC2 compression, and Gbytes flash memories</title> (2001)

A new approach to black box problems, based on aerogels, soft computing, and soft communication (SC2) compression and Gbytes flash memories, is proposed.
DEFINING THE PATH: A CASE STUDY OF LARGE SCALE IMPLEMENTATION OF LAST PLANNER (2010)

This article explores the hypothesis that over the course of time, implementation of Last Planner 3 System moves through a predictable sequence of development stages. The ambition is to establish a standard framework of fundamentals to help organizations who stand on the starting block of large-scale implementation. Implementation on a wide scale is seen as different from implementation on one isolated project because resource limitations and the involvement of people who may not have fully bought in to the ideologies of LPS. The hypothesis is tested through screenings of earlier publications in IGLC, theory of innovation and empirical interviews. Interviews provide lessons learned by implementation leaders in Skanska Nordic where today over 60 projects have used LPS with more to come. The article defines characteristics of different phases and how change agents interact to spur an effective diffusion process.
ALPK1 genetic regulation and risk in relation to gout (2013)

Our study found that a newly identified ALPK1 gene can effectively interfere with microRNA target recognition and modulates the mRNA expression; and the varying distribution of the implicated SNPs among cases and controls in the two studied populations suggests a significant role in gout susceptibility.
Effects of levetiracetam on chronic pain in multiple sclerosis: results of a pilot, randomized, placebo‐controlled study (2009)

These findings suggest that further studies with larger samples of patients be carried out in order to confirm the efficacy of LEV in MS-related CNP population.
A new process combining adsorption and enzyme reaction for producing higher‐fructose syrup (1983)

A process for producing a higher-fructose syrup containing more than 50% fructose was developed that involves a new system combining selective adsorption of fructose and an immobilized glucose isomerase reaction. Continuous countercurrent contact of the liquid stream with the solid adsorbent is simulated by advancing adsorption columns against the fixed inlets and outlet of liquid streams without actual movement of the solid adsorbent, while the immobilized enzyme reactors are stationary. Two mathematical models, an intermittent moving-bed and a continuous moving-bed model, are presented for calculation the concentration profiles of glucose and fructose in the system. The validity of the models is experimentally confirmed, and a criterion for good production in the system is presented. This system requires less desorbent than a process using a fixed-bed adsorber and a simulated moving-bed process to produce the syrup with 45-65% fructose content, the level desired in food manufacture.
High resolution 2-deoxyglucose localization in olfactory epithelium (1981)

The olfactory epithelium of the salamander and the mouse has been analyzed for patterns of activity elicited by odor stimulation. A high-resolution adaptation of the 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) method was used, involving freeze-substitution in anhydrous acetone combined with nuclear emulsion autoradiography, according to Sejnowski et al . (1980). In animals exposed to the odor of amyl acetate, the autoradiograms of 2 μg thick sections showed restricted regions of high [ 14 C]2DG and [ 3 H]2DG uptake. Within these regions, there was a characteristic pattern of diffuse localization in the superficial supranuclear zone; small clumps or strands of grains in the receptor cell nuclei layer; and thick clumps of grains in the basal cell layer. The relation of these patterns of differential odorinduced activity in the cells of the epithelium is discussed.
Heterologous Biosynthesis of Nodulisporic Acid F (2017)

Nodulisporic acids comprise a group of valuable indole diterpenes that exhibit potent insecticidal activities. We report the identification of a gene cluster in the genome of the filamentous fungus Hypoxylon pulicicidum (Nodulisporium sp.) that contains genes responsible for the biosynthesis of nodulisporic acids. Using Penicillium paxilli as a heterologous host, and through pathway reconstitution experiments, we identified the function of four genes involved in the biosynthesis of the nodulisporic acid core compound, nodulisporic acid F (NAF). Two of these genes (nodM and nodW) are especially significant as they encode enzymes with previously unreported functionality: nodM encodes a 3-geranylgeranylindole epoxidase capable of catalyzing only a single epoxidation step to prime formation of the distinctive ring structure of nodulisporic acids, and nodW encodes the first reported gene product capable of introducing a carboxylic acid moiety to an indole diterpene core structure that acts as a reactive handle for further modification. Here, we present the enzymatic basis for the biosynthetic branch point that gives rise to nodulisporic acids.
RM2PT: A Tool for Automated Prototype Generation from Requirements Model (2019)

Prototyping is an effective and efficient way of requirement validation to avoid introducing errors in the early stage of software development. However, manually developing a prototype of a software system requires additional efforts, which would increase the overall cost of software development. Based on our proposed approach, we develop RM2PT: a tool for generating prototypes from requirements models automatically. A requirements model consists of a use case diagram, a conceptual class diagram, system sequence diagrams for use cases, and the formal contracts of their system operations in OCL (Object Constraint Language). RM2PT can generate executable MVC (Model View Controller) prototypes from requirements models automatically. We evaluate the tool with four case studies. 93.65% of requirement specifications can be generated to the executable Java source code successfully, and only 6.35% are non-executable for our current provided generation algorithm such as sorting and event-call, which can be implemented by developers manually or invoking the APIs of advanced algorithms in Java library. The tool is efficient that the one second generated prototype of a case study requires approximate nine hours manual implementation by skilled programmers.
Novel Delivery System Enhances Efficacy of Antiretroviral Therapy in Animal Model for HIV-1 Encephalitis (2006)

Most potent antiretroviral drugs (e.g., HIV-1 protease inhibitors) poorly penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Brain distribution can be limited by the efflux transporter, P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The ability of a novel drug delivery system (block co-polymer P85) that inhibits P-gp, to increase the efficacy of antiretroviral drugs in brain was examined using a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model of HIV-1 encephalitis (HIVE). Severe combined immunodeficiency mice inoculated with HIV-1 infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) into the basal ganglia were treated with P85, antiretroviral therapy (ART) (zidovudine, lamivudine and nelfinavir (NEL)), or P85 and ART. Mice were killed on days 7 and 14, and brains were evaluated for levels of viral infection. Antiviral effects of NEL, P85, or their combination were evaluated in vitro using HIV-1 infected MDM and showed antiretroviral effects of P85 alone. In SCID mice injected with virus-infected MDM, the combination of ART-P85 and ART alone showed a significant decrease of HIV-1 p24 expressing MDM (25% and 33% of controls, respectively) at day 7 while P85 alone group was not different from control. At day 14, all treatment groups showed a significant decrease in percentage of HIV-1 infected MDM as compared with control. P85 alone and combined ART-P85 groups showed the most significant reduction in percentage of HIV-1 p24 expressing MDM (8% to 22% of control) that were superior to the ART alone group (38% of control). Our findings indicate major antiretroviral effects of P85 and enhanced in vivo efficacy of antiretroviral drugs when combined with P85 in a SCID mouse model of HIVE.
Current implications of cyclophilins in human cancers (2010)

Cyclophilins (Cyps), the intracellular receptor for immunosuppressant cyclosporine A (CsA), play important cellular roles through activities of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) and chaperones. Cyps are structurally conserved and found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, including humans which contain 16 Cyp isoforms. Although human Cyps were identified about 25 years ago, their physiological and pathological roles have only been the focus of attention recently because of their possible involvement in diseases and ailments such as HIV infection, hepatitis B and C viral infection, atherosclerosis, ER stress-related diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, etc. There are reports for upregulated Cyps in many human cancers and there are also strong correlations found between Cyps overexpression and malignant transformation. This review discusses the important and diverse roles of Cyps overexpression in human cancers. Understanding biological functions of Cyps will eventually lead to improved strategies for cancer treatment and prevention.
Novel method for studying mRNA phenotypes in single or small numbers of cells (1989)

Biological processes, such as growth control, are often governed by biochemical steps involving mRNA transcripts that are short-lived and have a low copy number. Furthermore, the cells involved in these processes are often available in low numbers from in vivo sources. We now report a method that is superior to in situ hybridization, RNA blot analysis, and the nuclease protection assay for the study of short-lived, low-copy-number mRNA transcripts. The method consists of a microprocedure for isolating RNA from one to a few thousand cells and two coupled enzymatic steps: reverse transcription of whole cellular RNA, followed by amplification of the cDNA by a specifically primed polymerase chain reaction to give specific cDNA fragments that can be visualized on agarose gels by ethidium bromide staining. With this method we have detected actin mRNA from a single cell, or less than 100 cRNA molecules, and have quantified differences in RNA concentrations of less than threefold. The reverse transcription reaction products can be divided for the polymerase chain reaction, and several mRNA species can be assayed simultaneously. Therefore, we call the method single-cell mRNA phenotyping. This technique is applicable to the analysis of low-copy-number growth factor transcripts in cells in culture and in vivo.
[The activity and properties of fructose-1,6-diphosphatase in various tissues (Liver, Kidneys, skeletal muscle, small intestine mucosa) in swine]. (1979)

The following parameters are recommended for activity determination of FDPase by release of inorganic phosphate at 37 degrees C of enzyme from liver and kidneys of swine: pH 7.5, 2 mMol concentration of fructose-1,6-diphosphate, 5 mMol concentration of Mg ions, and ten minutes of incubation. When the activity of FDPase was analysed with temperatures of 22 degrees C, and 45 degrees C, rises were recorded up to the highest temperature. ADTA was strongly activating along with 2 mMol of Mg ions in a test arrangement of 5 mMol concentration. Manganese, zinc, and cobalt ions are strong activators even in low concentrations (0.2 or 1.0 mMol), whereas copper, cadmium, and mercury ions are strong inhibitors of the enzyme. Average activities of FDPase were analysed by means of the optical test in the liver and kidneys of fetuses aged 98 days. They were 1.79 or 0.38 units in one gram of tissue. In pigs for slaughter they had been 2.06 or 3.58 units in one gram of tissue.
Interpretable Vector AutoRegressions with Exogenous Time Series (2017)

The Vector AutoRegressive (VAR) model is fundamental to the study of multivariate time series. Although VAR models are intensively investigated by many researchers, practitioners often show more interest in analyzing VARX models that incorporate the impact of unmodeled exogenous variables (X) into the VAR. However, since the parameter space grows quadratically with the number of time series, estimation quickly becomes challenging. While several proposals have been made to sparsely estimate large VAR models, the estimation of large VARX models is under-explored. Moreover, typically these sparse proposals involve a lasso-type penalty and do not incorporate lag selection into the estimation procedure. As a consequence, the resulting models may be difficult to interpret. In this paper, we propose a lag-based hierarchically sparse estimator, called "HVARX", for large VARX models. We illustrate the usefulness of HVARX on a cross-category management marketing application. Our results show how it provides a highly interpretable model, and improves out-of-sample forecast accuracy compared to a lasso-type approach.
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) for Emerging All-IP Networks (2011)

Today the traditional telecommunication technology is declining because of popularity and increasing demand of Voice over IP (VoIP) due to the reason that deployment, maintenance and operation of data networks based on IP infrastructure are less costly than the voice networks. Consequently, it is straight forward to think relaying all types of communications on data networks rather than maintaining in parallel two network technologies. On the other hand we see today increasing demand of integrated multimedia services, bringing together internet applications with telecommunications. In prospect of these global trends, the mobile communications world has defined within the evolution of cellular systems an all-IP network vision which integrates cellular networks and Internet. This is the IP Multimedia System (IMS) (3GPP, TS 23.228 (2005)), namely overlay architecture for provisioning of multimedia services, such as VoIP and videoconferencing on top of globally emerging 3G broadband packet networks.
Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus Env Protein Stabilizes Retrovirus Vectors against Inactivation by Lung Surfactant, Centrifugation, and Freeze-Thaw Cycling (2001)

Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) replicates in the lungs of sheep and causes the secretion of copious lung fluid containing the virus. Adaptation of JSRV to infection and replication in the lung and its apparent resistance to the denaturing activity of lung fluid suggest that vectors based on JSRV would be useful for gene therapy targeted to the lung. We show here that a retrovirus vector bearing the JSRV Env is stable during treatment with lung surfactant while an otherwise identical vector bearing an amphotropic Env is inactivated. Furthermore, the JSRV vector was stable during centrifugation, allowing facile vector concentration, and showed no loss of activity after six freeze-thaw cycles. However, the JSRV vector was inactivated by standard disinfectants, indicating that JSRV vectors pose no unusual safety risk related to their improved stability under other conditions.
Control of walking machine (2002)

Walking machine is considered as a system with the variable constraints. Driving such system is described by differential and difference equations. The algorithm of choice of a program motion and the algorithm of stabilization of this motion are explained. The paper shows that at the control synthesis of the walking machine it is necessity to taken into account the dynamic effects, stipulated by a changing of constraints. Outcomes of mathematical modeling of motion of the flat model of biped are presented.