gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Age-dependent DNA methylation of genes that are suppressed in stem cells is a hallmark of cancer (2010)

Polycomb group proteins (PCGs) are involved in repression of genes that are required for stem cell differentiation. Recently, it was shown that promoters of PCG target genes (PCGTs) are 12-fold more likely to be methylated in cancer than non-PCGTs. Age is the most important demographic risk factor for cancer, and we hypothesized that its carcinogenic potential may be referred by irreversibly stabilizing stem cell features. To test this, we analyzed the methylation status of over 27,000 CpGs mapping to promoters of approximately 14,000 genes in whole blood samples from 261 postmenopausal women. We demonstrate that stem cell PCGTs are far more likely to become methylated with age than non-targets (odds ratio = 5.3 [3.8-7.4], P < 10(-10)), independently of sex, tissue type, disease state, and methylation platform. We identified a specific subset of 69 PCGT CpGs that undergo hypermethylation with age and validated this methylation signature in seven independent data sets encompassing over 900 samples, including normal and cancer solid tissues and a population of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (P < 10(-5)). We find that the age-PCGT methylation signature is present in preneoplastic conditions and may drive gene expression changes associated with carcinogenesis. These findings shed substantial novel insights into the epigenetic effects of aging and support the view that age may predispose to malignant transformation by irreversibly stabilizing stem cell features.
Polymorphisms and haplotypes in the bovine neuropeptide Y, growth hormone receptor, ghrelin, insulin-like growth factor 2, and uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 genes and their associations with measures of growth, performance, feed efficiency, and carcass merit in beef cattle1 (2007)

Genes that regulate metabolism and energy partitioning have the potential to influence economically important traits in farm animals, as do polymorphisms within these genes. In the current study, SNP in the bovine neuropeptide Y (NPY), growth hormone receptor (GHR), ghrelin (GHRL), uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 (UCP2 and UCP3), IGF2, corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART), melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and GH genes were evaluated for associations with growth, feed efficiency, and carcass merit in beef steers. In total, 24 SNP were evaluated for associations with these traits and haplotypes were constructed within each gene when 2 or more SNP showed significant associations. An A/G SNP located in intron 4 of the GHR gene had the largest effects on BW of the animals (dominance effect P < 0.01) and feed efficiency (allele substitution effect P < 0.05). Another A/G SNP located in the promoter region of GHR had similar effects but the haplotypes of these 2 SNP reduced the effects of the SNP located in intron 4. Three SNP in the NPY gene showed associations to marbling (P < 0.001) as well as with ADG, BW, and feed conversion ratio (FCR; P < 0.05). The combination of these 3 SNP into haplotypes generally improved the association or had a similar scale of association as each single SNP. Only 1 SNP in UCP3, an A/G SNP in intron 3, was associated with ADG (P = 0.025), partial efficiency of growth, and FCR (P < 0.01). Three SNP in UCP2 gene were in almost complete linkage disequilibrium and showed associations with lean meat yield, yield grade, DMI, and BW (P < 0.05). Haplo-types between the SNP in UCP3 and UCP2 generally reduced the associations seen individually in each SNP. An A/G SNP in the GHRL gene tended to show effects on residual feed intake, FCR, and partial efficiency of growth (P < 0.10). The IGF2 SNP most strongly affected LM area (P < 0.01), back fat, ADG, and FCR (P < 0.05). The SNP in the CART, MC4R, POMC, GH, and CRH genes did not show associations at P < 0.05 with any of the traits. Although most of the SNP that showed associations do not cause amino acid changes, these SNP could be linked to other yet to be detected causative mutations or nearby QTL. It will be very important to verify these results in other cattle populations.
ChemInform Abstract: Development of the Regio‐ and Stereospecific Proline Hydroxylases and Their Application (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Rubber tubes in the sea (2011)

A long tube with elastic walls containing water is immersed in the sea aligned in the direction of wave travel. The waves generate bulges that propagate at a speed determined by the distensibility of the tube. If the bulge speed is close to the phase velocity of the waves, there is a resonant transfer of energy from the sea wave to the bulge. At the end of the tube, useful energy can be extracted. This paper sets out the theory of bulge tubes in the sea, and describes some experiments on the model scale and practical problems. The potential of a full-scale device is assessed.
Solid-Phase Insertion of N-mercaptoalkylglycine Residues into Peptides (2019)

<i>N</i>-mercaptoalkylglycine residues were inserted into peptides by reacting <i>N</i>-free amino groups of peptides, which were initially synthesized on 2-chlorotrityl resin (Cltr) using the Fmoc/<sup>t</sup>Bu method, with bromoacetic acid and subsequent nucleophilic replacement of the bromide by reacting with <i>S</i>-4-methoxytrityl- (Mmt)/<i>S</i>-trityl- (Trt) protected aminothiols. The synthesized thiols containing peptide-peptoid hybrids were cleaved from the resin, either protected by treatment with dichloromethane (DCM)/trifluoroethanol (TFE)/acetic acid (AcOH) (7:2:1), or deprotected (fully or partially) by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) solution using triethylsilane (TES) as a scavenger.
Determination of the intracellular sodium concentration in perfused mouse liver by <sup>31</sup>P and <sup>23</sup>Na magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1998)

A combination of 31P and 23Na NMR spectroscopy has been used to quantify the concentration of intracellular sodium, [Na]IC in the isolated and perfused mouse liver. The 31P resonances of dimethyl methylphosphonate and LaDOTP5-, markers of total tissue space and extracellular space, respectively, were used to determine the intracellular liver volume. For a mean wet weight of 1.7 +/- 0.3 g, the intracellular liver volume as measured by 31P NMR averaged 1.2 +/- 0.2 ml. The amount of intracellular sodium was measured from the baseline-resolved intracellular 23Na resonance during perfusion of the shift reagent, TmDOTP5-. These two measurements resulted in an NMR-determined value for [Na]IC of 29.0 +/- 5.2 mM. Separate measurement of total tissue Tm and Na by atomic absorption spectroscopy on the same samples provided an AAS-determined value for [Na]IC of 32.1 +/- 7.4 mM. These results indicate that intracellular sodium in the isolated, perfused liver is 100% visible by 23Na NMR spectroscopy.
Development of the linear gridless ion thruster (2001)

The design of the Linear Gridless Ion Thruster, or LGIT, is presented in detail. The LGIT is a hybrid thruster that combines an ionization stage similar to those normally found on gridded ion engines with the acceleration mechanism of a Hall effect thruster. This thruster also features a linear geometry, which simplifies the design of the magnetic circuit while making the LGIT particularly well suited to future work on clustering and, perhaps, thrust vectoring by varying the magnetic fields in the acceleration zone. Initial testing with the thruster operating in a single-stage, unoptimized mode resulted in a specific impulse of 1400 seconds and an anode efficiency of 12%. The low efficiency is believed to be due in large part to operating the thruster in a single-stage mode, rather than the two-stage mode for which it was designed, and to setting the acceleration stage magnets to less than half their design value.
Learning to Produce 3D Media From a Captured 2D Video (2013)

Due to the advances in display technologies and commercial success of 3D motion pictures in recent years, there is renewed interest in enabling consumers to create 3D content. While new 3D content can be created using more advanced capture devices (i.e., stereo cameras), most people still own 2D capture devices. Further, enormously large collections of captured media exist only in 2D. We present a system for producing pseudo-stereo images from captured 2D videos. Our system employs a two-phase procedure where the first phase detects “good” pseudo-stereo images frames from a 2D video, which was captured a priori without any constraints on camera motion or content. We use a trained classifier to detect pairs of video frames that are suitable for constructing pseudo-stereo images. In particular, for a given frame at time t, we determine if exists such that I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t+t̅</sub> and I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> can form an acceptable pseudo-stereo image. Moreover, even if t̂ is determined, generating a good pseudo-stereo image from 2D captured video frames can be nontrivial since in many videos, professional or amateur, both foreground and background objects may undergo complex motion. Independent foreground motions from different scene objects define different epipolar geometries that cause the conventional method of generating pseudo-stereo images to fail. To address this problem, the second phase of the proposed system further recomposes the frame pairs to ensure consistent 3D perception for objects for such cases. In this phase, final left and right pseudo-stereo images are created by recompositing different regions of the initial frame pairs to ensure a consistent camera geometry. We verify the performance of our method for producing pseudo-stereo media from captured 2D videos in a psychovisual evaluation using both professional movie clips and amateur home videos.
Earth abundant perovskite oxides for low temperature CO<sub>2</sub>conversion (2018)

Earth abundant perovskite oxides exhibiting the highest CO<sub>2</sub>conversion rates by the RWGS-CL process at the low temperature of 500 °C.
Probabilistic tracking in a metric space (2002)

A new exemplar-based, probabilistic paradigm for visual tracking is presented. Probabilistic mechanisms are attractive because they handle fusion of information, especially temporal fusion, in a principled manner. Exemplars are selected representatives of raw training data, used here to represent probabilistic mixture distributions of object configurations. Their use avoids tedious hand-construction of object models and problems with changes of topology. Using exemplars in place of a parameterized model poses several challenges, addressed here with what we call the "Metric Mixture" (M/sup 2/) approach. The M/sup 2/ model has several valuable properties. Principally, it provides alternatives to standard learning algorithms by allowing the use of metrics that are not embedded in a vector space. Secondly, it uses a noise model that is learned from training data. Lastly, it eliminates any need for an assumption of probabilistic pixelwise independence. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the M/sup 2/ model in two domains tracking walking people using chamfer distances on binary edge images and tracking mouth movements by means of a shuffle distance.
The action workflow approach to workflow management technology (1992)

Article The action workflow approach to workflow management technology Share on Authors: Raul Medina-Mora View Profile , Terry Winograd View Profile , Rodrigo Flores View Profile , Fernando Flores View Profile Authors Info & Claims CSCW '92: Proceedings of the 1992 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative workDecember 1992 Pages 281–288https://doi.org/10.1145/143457.143530Online:01 December 1992Publication History 298citation3,604DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations298Total Downloads3,604Last 12 Months40Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
A novel device for determining ultrasonic power (2004)

A novel concept for an ultrasonic power meter is presented which utilises the pyro-electric effect of a thin membrane of the piezo-electric polymer, pvdf. One side of the membrane is in intimate contact with a polyurethane-based acoustical absorber. The attenuation coefficient of this material is very high, ensuring that the majority of the ultrasonic energy passing through the pvdf membrane is absorbed within a thin layer of the interface, resulting in a rapid increase in temperature. Through the pyro-electric effect, this temperature increase results in a voltage across the electrodes of the membrane. Under specific conditions, the generated voltage is proportional to the rate of temperature rise and, immediately after switch on of ultrasound, the rate of temperature rise is proportional to the delivered ultrasonic power. This paper describes details of the concept, and includes theoretical calculations of the expected behaviour. Proof-of-concept is demonstrated through careful studies of several low-megahertz NPL reference therapy-level transducers, covering an applied power range of 250 mW to 8 W. Results are encouraging, suggesting that this novel solid-state power meter concept holds considerable promise for a rapid, simple, relatively low cost, power measurement method, appropriate for use at the physiotherapist level.
Photonic MEMS for NIR in-situ (2007)

We report on a novel sensing technique combining photonics and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) for the detection and monitoring of gas emissions for critical environmental, medical, and industrial applications. We discuss how MEMS-tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) can be exploited for in-situ detection and NIR spectroscopy of several gases, such as O{sub 2}, N{sub 2}O, CO{sub x}, CH{sub 4}, HF, HCl, etc., with estimated sensitivities between 0.1 and 20 ppm on footprints {approx}10{sup -3} mm{sup 3}. The VCSELs can be electrostatically tuned with a continuous wavelength shift up to 20 nm, allowing for unambiguous NIR signature determination. Selective concentration analysis in heterogeneous gas compositions is enabled, thus paving the way to an integrated optical platform for multiplexed gas identification by bandgap and device engineering. We will discuss here, in particular, our efforts on the development of a 760 nm AlGaAs based tunable VCSEL for O{sub 2} detection.
BOPSCAN technology: a methodology and implementation of the billion-point optical scanner (1998)

Fast microsecond regime beam switching speed, low control power, optical scanner is proposed using thin-film polarization switching devices and passive polarization sensitive beam steering optics.
Du génome de Lactobacillus sakei à la bioconservation des produits carnés (2006)

Lactobacillus sakei est une bactérie lactique bien adaptée à la viande. Elle représente la flore dominante de la viande conservée sous vide et est communément utilisée pour la fabrication de saucissons secs. Le séquençage de son génome a permis de mieux comprendre cette adaptation et ouvre des pistes pour développer de nouvelles utilisations de cette bactérie pour conserver la viande fraîche.
Bandwidth-Efficient Differential Space–Time Modulation (2008)

We propose an extension of differential unitary space-time modulation by an additional differential amplitude modulation for bandwidth-efficient transmission with noncoherent detection in a wireless system with multiple transmit antennas. The input bits are subdivided into two groups. The first group chooses a unitary matrix, whereas the second group determines the amplitude of the transmit matrix. We derive a noncoherent soft-output detector that does not require knowledge of channel state or statistical channel properties. The modulation parameters are optimized based on an analytical bit error rate (BER) analysis and mutual information. Furthermore, we propose a pragmatic scheme for outer forward error control coding and interleaving. Compared to differential unitary space-time modulation, the proposed scheme has lower detection complexity and provides superior performance for bandwidth-efficient transmission, particularly in time-varying channels.
Femtosecond pulse sequence processing using a double-passed arrayed waveguide grating (2003)

Summary from only given. We have demonstrated the ability to generate complex optical waveforms over an 200 ps temporal window by double-passing an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) with a femtosecond input pulse. Equivalently, two identical AWG's could be interconnected back-to-back to generate the same functionality in transmission. These investigations provide important insight into the operation of integrated-optic pulse shapers based on AWG devices and shows promise for manipulating ultrafast optical waveforms via hybrid WDM/TDM optical processing.
Plant engineered minichromosomes and artificial chromosome platforms (2008)

The introduction of telomere sequences during transformation of maize will cause chromosomal truncation. This technique has been used to create minichromosomes. With the simultaneous introduction of site specific recombination cassettes, the ability to add additional genes to the newly formed engineered minichromosome becomes possible. Targeting the supernumerary B chromosome produces truncations at a very high rate and produces minichromosomes with the additional property that they can be dosage manipulated by the reintroduction of full length B chromosomes. The uses of engineered minichromosomes are discussed.
Genetic Correlations of Fatty Acid Concentrations with Carcass Traits in Angus-Sired Beef Cattle (2008)

Fatty acid composition of beef is heritable in grain-fed calves. To select for beef that is more healthful, it is important to know the genetic correlations of specific fatty acid concentrations with carcass traits that have been under selection for several years. The most relevant fatty acids in beef for selection would be myristic acid, because of its impact on healthfulness, and oleic acid, because of its amount in beef. Myristic acid has favorable genetic correlations with hot carcass weight, 12-13th rib subcutaneous fat thickness, and Warner-Bratzler shear force (-0.23, 0.27, and 0.31, respectively). Additionally, the genetic correlation of oleic acid with marbling is very strong and favorable (0.83). Unfortunately, myristic acid has a moderate antagonistic genetic correlation to marbling (0.31). In addition, oleic acid has weak to moderate antagonistic genetic correlations with hot carcass weight, 12-13th rib subcutaneous fat thickness, percentage kidney, pelvic, and heart fat, and Warner-Bratzler shear force (-0.14, 0.18, 0.36, and 0.12, respectively). Information about the genetic correlations of traditional carcass traits and fatty acid concentrations will enable us to create a selection scheme that will create more healthful beef that meets the other carcass characteristics desired by the consumer.
LuYAP/LSO phoswich detectors for high resolution positron emission tomography (2010)

A way to improve the spatial resolution in positron emission tomography (PET) is to determine the depth-of-interaction (DOI) in the detector which can be achieved by using the phoswich approach. The depth identification is done by using differences in scintillation decay time and pulse shape discrimination techniques. The advantages of the concept have been demonstrated in the HRRT high resolution PET system using a LSO/LYSO combination giving a high spatial resolution uniformity of around 2.5 mm. In this paper we have looked at a phoswich combination used by the Crystal Clear Collaboration in their animal PET system, LuAP/LSO or LuYAP/LSO. This phoswich combination for use in PET is patented. The combination of scintillators is especially interesting since LuAP and LuYAP have emission in the excitation band of LSO. As will be indicated in this paper, however, these potential difficulties can be understood and the phoswich concept can be utilized without complications but with some limitations.
Design and analysis of a novel wireless resistive analog passive sensor technique (2017)

Unobtrusive monitoring of physiological signals in natural settings is important for precision diagnostics. Fully‐passive wireless body‐worn sensors are viable and promising for unobtrusive monitoring. In this study, the authors present a new class of fully‐passive sensor, namely wireless resistive analog passive (WRAP) sensor. It uses resistive transducers at the sensors for converting physical stimulus to load modulation of carrier wireless signal at 13.56 MHz at low power (–20 to 0 dBm). The sensor is simply composed of a loop antenna, a tuning capacitor, and a resistive transducer suitable for the type of physiological signals to be measured. The authors report the characterisation of WRAP sensors for various resistive loads of 1.2 ω to 82 kω at various co‐axial distances (5–40 mm) between the TX and RX antennas. They have prototyped and characterised multiple WRAP sensors with several practical measurements of physiological signals such as heart rate, temperature, and pulse oximetry. They also demonstrate bio‐potential measurement (down to 400 μ V pp ) using metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistor as the transducer. These results show the feasibility of developing a new type of body‐worn fully‐passive WRAP sensors for unobtrusive physiological signal monitoring at real‐life settings for precision diagnostics of many disorders and tracking person‐centric therapy efficacy.
Enhanced orientational Kerr effect in vertically aligned deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystals (2014)

We disclose the vertically aligned deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal whose Kerr constant (Kkerr≈130 nm/V2 at λ=543 nm) is around one order of magnitude higher than any other value previously reported for liquid crystalline structures. Under certain conditions, the phase modulation with ellipticity less than 0.05 over the range of continuous and hysteresis-free electric adjustment of the phase shift from zero to 2π has been obtained at subkilohertz frequency.
Performance of ultrasonic imaging with frequency-domain SAFT (2004)

The defect detection using ultrasonic imaging with frequency-domain SAFT (F-SAFT) is discussed. The F-SAFT provides an accurate and time-efficient algorithm for 3-D reconstruction. F-SAFT allows data processing in the 3-D Fourier space using angular spectrum method. It facilitates synchronization of ultrasonic signals scattered back in the different directions. F-SAFT when combined with ultrasonic imaging is found to be efficient in detecting inclusion in steel slabs.