gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, generates two bioactive products during the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein: use of a novel inhibitor (1999)

A novel and potent azetidinone inhibitor of the lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), i.e. platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, is described for the first time. This inhibitor, SB-222657 (Ki=40+/-3 nM, kobs/[I]=6. 6x10(5) M-1.s-1), is inactive against paraoxonase, is a poor inhibitor of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and has been used to investigate the role of Lp-PLA2 in the oxidative modification of lipoproteins. Although pretreatment with SB-222657 did not affect the kinetics of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation by Cu2+ or an azo free-radical generator as determined by assay of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs), conjugated dienes and thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances, in both cases it inhibited the elevation in lysophosphatidylcholine content. Moreover, the significantly increased monocyte chemoattractant activity found in a non-esterified fatty acid fraction from LDL oxidized by Cu2+ was also prevented by pretreatment with SB-222657, with an IC50 value of 5.0+/-0.4 nM. The less potent diastereoisomer of SB-222657, SB-223777 (Ki=6.3+/-0.5 microM, kobs/[I]=1.6x10(4) M-1.s-1), was found to be significantly less active in both assays. Thus, in addition to generating lysophosphatidylcholine, a known biologically active lipid, these results demonstrate that Lp-PLA2 is capable of generating oxidized non-esterified fatty acid moieties that are also bioactive. These findings are consistent with our proposal that Lp-PLA2 has a predominantly pro-inflammatory role in atherogenesis. Finally, similar studies have demonstrated that a different situation exists during the oxidation of high-density lipoprotein, with enzyme(s) other than Lp-PLA2 apparently being responsible for generating lysophosphatidylcholine.
Stable Polyimides for Terrestrial and Space Uses (2005)

Polyimides of a recently developed type have an attractive combination of properties, including low solar absorptivity (manifested as low color) when cast into thin films, resistance to atomic oxygen and ultraviolet radiation, solubility in organic solvents, high glass-transition temperatures, and high thermal stability. The focus of the development work was on polymers that can endure the space environment and that have specific combinations of properties for use on Gossamer spacecraft. Because of their unique combination of properties, these polymers are also expected to find use in a variety of other applications on Earth as well as in space. Examples of other space applications include membranes on antennas, second-surface mirrors, thermal optical coatings, and multilayer thermal insulation. For both terrestrial and space applications, these polyimides can be processed into various forms, including films, fibers, foams, threads, adhesives, and coatings.
<i>Endo</i>-Selective Enyne Ring-Closing Metathesis Promoted by Stereogenic-at-W Mono-Pyrrolide Complexes (2011)

The utility of W-alkylidene complexes for enyne ring-closing metathesis is demonstrated in a direct comparison with Mo-based analogs. Tungsten complexes lead to less alkyne oligomerization and higher levels of endo-selectivity and enantioselectivity.
Magnetic recording medium (1992)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Hiroyuki Yamada, Norifumi Kajimoto, Ikuko Yanagiuchi; Magnetic recording medium. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 February 1992; 91 (2): 1201. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.402567 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Placement measurement and FE modeling results for distortion control of stencil masks (1999)

Distortion control is one of the key issues to solve for IPL stencil mask development. Placement is measured by a LEICA LMS IPRO system. Registration as well as overlay results and the error contributions of the measurement will be presented. The production flow of IPL stencil masks is marked by the fact, that e-beam patterning is done on the bulk wafer, whereas the removal of the bulk silicon and the creation of the free membrane takes place at the end of the process, after silicon trench etching. Therefore, distortions appear at the release of the membrane after bulk silicon etching and oxide removal. At e-beam patterning, the mask wafer blank is pre-stressed by the sum of the stresses of the different layers as bulk silicon, silicon oxide, the silicon of the latter membrane and resist. Additionally, the initial warp and bow of the mask wafer blank have to be considered. The analysis of the finite element modeling compares the placement at e-beam writing to the situation after membrane completion. With this information, the efficiency of a FE-supported software correction before mask patterning can be improved. Measurements of masks with different stress values are to be discussed in order to deduce the optimum stress values for IPL stencil masks.
Preparation of Tri‐ and Difluoromethylsilanes via an Unusual Magnesium Metal‐Mediated Reductive Tri‐ and Difluoromethylation of Chlorosilanes Using Tri‐ and Difluoromethyl Sulfides, Sulfoxides, and Sulfones. (2003)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synchronization control for physics-based collaborative virtual environments with shared haptics (2007)

In this paper, we propose a synchronization scheme to achieve a high level of consistency in peer-to-peer-based shared virtual environments (SVEs), as well as to display natural and realistic motions of virtual objects, in collaborative haptic tasks. The synchronization scheme utilizes an advanced feedback controller to compensate for the state error between geographically separated sites with a significant amount of time delay. It is designed using the mathematical model of a two-user SVE manipulating a freely moving object represented as a mass with damping resistance, with a haptic interface. Thanks to feedback control theory of time delay systems, the controller is shown to result in closed-loop stability and is be robust to perturbations in the time delay. Together with the synchronization control, a recovery filter is also designed and integrated so as to preserve the natural behavior of the synchronized object, which is, otherwise, affected by the feedback control action. In addition to verifying the theoretical results, two experiments using real Internet and local area network communications are carried out. These tests clearly support the validity of the analyses and demonstrate the applicability of the synchronization scheme.
Catalytic Generation of Chlorine Dioxide from Chlorite Using a Water‐Soluble Manganese Porphyrin (2010)

The cationic, water soluble manganese imidazolium porphyrin [Mn(TDMImP)] efficiently catalyzes the dismutation of chlorite ion (ClO2−) to chlorine dioxide. The gaseous product ClO2 could be isolated in 60 % yield (500 turnovers at 0.5 turnover s−1) and the catalyst was completely recovered. Oxo-transfer from chlorite to the MnIII catalyst is proposed to be the rate limiting step. An immobilized form of the catalyst was also active. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Raman detection of macular carotenoid pigments in intact human retina. (1998)

This new noninvasive optical method will facilitate studies of ocular carotenoid distributions and their role in degenerative diseases of the eye and may allow for the rapid screening of carotenoid levels in large populations at risk for vision loss from age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of blindness in the elderly in the United States. A prototype clinical instrument is under development.
Laser Printing of Nanoparticle Toner Enables Digital Control of Micropatterned Carbon Nanotube Growth (2013)

Commercialization of materials utilizing patterned carbon nanotube (CNT) forests, such as hierarchical composite structures, dry adhesives, and contact probe arrays, will require catalyst patterning techniques that do not rely on cleanroom photolithography. We demonstrate the large scale patterning of CNT growth catalyst via adaptation of a laser-based electrostatic printing process that uses magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) toner. The MICR toner contains iron oxide nanoparticles that serve as the catalyst for CNT growth, which are printed onto a flexible polymer (polyimide) and then transferred to a rigid substrate (silicon or alumina) under heat and mechanical pressure. Then, the substrate is processed for CNT growth under an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) recipe. This process enables digital control of patterned CNT growth via the laser intensity, which controls the CNT density; and via the grayscale level, which controls the pixelation of the image into arrays of micropillars. Moreover, virtually any pattern can be designed using standard software (e.g., MS Word, AutoCAD, etc.) and printed on demand. Using a standard office printer, we realize isolated CNT microstructures as small as 140 μm and isolated catalyst ″pixels″ as small as 70 μm (one grayscale dot) and determine that individual toner microparticles result in features of approximately 5-10 μm . We demonstrate that grayscale CNT patterns can function as dry adhesives and that large-area catalyst patterns can be printed directly onto metal foils or transferred to ceramic plates. Laser printing therefore shows promise to enable high-speed micropatterning of nanoparticle-containing thin films under ambient conditions, possibly for a wide variety of nanostructures by engineering of toners containing nanoparticles of desired composition, size, and shape.
Double-channel, frequency-steered acoustic transducer with 2-D imaging capabilities (2011)

A frequency-steerable acoustic transducer (FSAT) is employed for imaging of damage in plates through guided wave inspection. The FSAT is a shaped array with a spatial distribution that defines a spiral in wavenumber space. Its resulting frequency-dependent directional properties allow beam steering to be performed by a single two-channel device, which can be used for the imaging of a two-dimensional half-plane. Ad hoc signal processing algorithms are developed and applied to the localization of acoustic sources and scatterers when FSAT arrays are used as part of pitch-catch and pulse-echo configurations. Localization schemes rely on the spectrogram analysis of received signals upon dispersion compensation through frequency warping and the application of the frequency-angle map characteristic of FSAT. The effectiveness of FSAT designs and associated imaging schemes are demonstrated through numerical simulations and experiments. Preliminary experimental validation is performed by forming a discrete array through the points of the measurement grid of a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. The presented results demonstrate the frequency-dependent directionality of the spiral FSAT and suggest its application for frequency-selective acoustic sensors, for the localization of broadband acoustic events, or for the directional generation of Lamb waves for active interrogation of structural health.
Joulemeter: Virtual Machine Power Measurement and Management (2009)

The importance of power management has led to most new servers providing power usage measurement in hardware and alternate solutions exist for older servers using circuit and outlet level measurements. However, the power measurement and management capability is severely handicapped when the servers are virtualized because virtual machine (VM) power cannot be measured purely in hardware. We present a solution for VM power metering. We use low-overhead power models to infer power consumption from resource usage at runtime and identify the challenges that arise when applying such models for VM power metering. We show how existing instrumentation in server hardware and hypervisors can be used to build the required power models on real platforms with low error. The entire metering approach is designed to operate with extremely low runtime overhead while providing practically useful accuracy. We illustrate the use of the proposed metering capability for VM power capping leading to significant savings in power provisioning costs that constitute a large fraction of data center power costs. Experiments are performed on server traces from several thousand production servers, hosting real-world applications used by millions of users worldwide. The results show that not only the savings that were earlier achieved using physical server power capping can be reclaimed on virtualized platforms, but further savings in provisioning costs are enabled due to virtualization.
Shear strength and water resistance of modified soy protein adhesives (1999)

Abstract Soy protein polymers recently have been considered as alternatives to petroleum polymers to ease environmental pollution. The use of soy proteins as adhesives for plywood has been limited because of their low water resistance. The objective of this research was to test the water resistance of adhesives containing modified soy proteins in walnut, maple, poplar, and pine plywood applications. Gluing strength and water resistance of wood were tested by using two ASTM standard methods. Glues with modified soy proteins had stronger bond strength than those containing unmodified soy proteins. Plywood made with glue containing urea‐modified proteins had higher water resistance than those bonded with glues containing alkali‐modified and heat‐treated proteins. After three 48‐h cycles of water‐soaking, followed by 48 h of air‐drying, no delamination was observed for either walnut or pine specimens glued with the urea‐modified soy protein adhesives. Gluing strength for wood species with smooth and oriented surface structure was lower than for those with rough, randomly oriented, surface structures. Wood species with greater expansion of dimensions during water‐soaking had a higher delamination rate than those showing less expansion.
A holonomic omnidirectional vehicle with a reconfigurable footprint mechanism and its application to wheelchairs (2002)

A new reconfigurable mechanism for varying the footprint of a four-wheeled omnidirectional vehicle is presented. A chair is mounted on a moving platform with four ball-wheels allowing holonomic, omnidirectional motion. Two pairs of ball-wheels at the diagonal positions of the chassis are mounted, respectively, on two beams that intersect at a pivotal point in the middle. The angle between the two beams crossing at the pivotal point is varied actively so that the ratio of the wheel base to the tread may change. Four independent servomotors driving the four ball-wheels allow the vehicle to exhibit holonomic motion. The beam angle is controlled based on the measurement of the mass centroid position in such a way that the mass centroid can be kept within the footprint at all times. The concept of the reconfigurable footprint mechanism is described, and its kinematics is analyzed followed by the control design for augmenting vehicle stability. A prototype vehicle for wheelchair platform application is designed.
Some new characteristics of a polycarbonate fast neutron personnel dosimeter (1976)

Among various existing techniques, registration of fast-neutron-induced recoil and (n,..cap alpha..) particle tracks directly in sensitive polymers such as polycarbonate foils provides a simple, sensitive and inexpensive means of fast neutron personnel dosimetry when recoil tracks are electrochemically etched. Some characteristics of this technique, including dose range, directional response, energy dependence, fading characteristics, etc. are reported. This technique has a wide dose range of interest for routine and accidental personnel dosimetry. It is insensitive to high doses of x, beta, and gamma radiation and it has negligible fading over a long period of time. The large size and good contrast of the tracks make track density evaluations very simple. The track density obtained can be simply converted to dose equivalent (rem) using a conversion factor which is a constant over a neutron energy range between 1 to 20 MeV. The technique is a good alternative to NTA films and fission fragment registration techniques and it can be applied to a number of applications especially fast neutron personnel dosimetry.
Nuclear matrix proteins as biomarkers in prostate cancer (2002)

The nuclear matrix (NM) is the structural framework of the nucleus that consists of the peripheral lamins and pore complexes, an internal ribonucleic protein network, and residual nucleoli. The NM contains proteins that contribute to the preservation of nuclear shape and its organization. These protein components better known as the NM proteins have been demonstrated to be tissue specific, and are altered in many cancers, including prostate cancer. Alterations in nuclear morphology are hallmarks of cancer and are believed to be associated with changes in NM protein composition. Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in American men and many investigators have identified unique NM proteins that appear to be specific for this disease. These NM protein changes are associated with the development of prostate cancer, as well as in some cases being indicative of cancer stage. Identification of these NM proteins specific for prostate cancer provides an insight to understanding the molecular changes associated with this disease. This article reviews the role of NM proteins as tumor biomarkers in prostate cancer and the potential application of these proteins as therapeutic targets in the treatment of this disease.
Affibody-Mediated Sequestration of Amyloid β Demonstrates Preventive Efficacy in a Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model (2019)

Different strategies for treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are currently under investigation, including passive immunization with anti-amyloid β (anti-Aβ) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of a novel type of Aβ-targeting agent based on an affibody molecule with fundamentally different properties to mAbs. We generated a therapeutic candidate, denoted Z<sub>SYM73</sub>-albumin-binding domain (ABD; 16.8 kDa), by genetic linkage of the dimeric Z<sub>SYM73</sub> affibody for sequestering of monomeric Aβ-peptides and an ABD for extension of its <i>in vivo</i> half-life. Amyloid precursor protein (APP)/PS1 transgenic AD mice were administered with Z<sub>SYM73</sub>-ABD, followed by behavioral examination and immunohistochemistry. Results demonstrated rescued cognitive functions and significantly lower amyloid burden in the treated animals compared to controls. No toxicological symptoms or immunology-related side-effects were observed. To our knowledge, this is the first reported <i>in vivo</i> investigation of a systemically delivered scaffold protein against monomeric Aβ, demonstrating a therapeutic potential for prevention of AD.
Quantum cascade lasers based on single phonon-continuum depopulation structures (2008)

We report a high performance operation of quantum cascade lasers based on Single Phonon-Continuum depopulation (SPC) structures. The lasers exhibit low CW threshold current densities and high characteristic temperatures in the wide wavelength range between 4.5 and 10.8 μm. An 8.2 μm laser, despite a bare ridge structure which is extremely simple configuration without any intentional thermal dissipation equipments and any HR coatings, demonstrates the high device performance: a low threshold current density of 1.66 kA/cm<sup>2</sup> and a high maximum output power of 76 mW (from one facet) at room temperature in CW operation. Our shortest wavelength 4.5 μm laser with HR coating reveals a low threshold current density of 1.7 kA/cm<sup>2</sup> and maximum output power of 161 mW at room temperature in CW operation. For long wavelength, we present the first room temperature, CW operation of DFB QCL with top grating. The DFB laser emits ~9.6 μm single mode spectra at temperatures between -5 °C and 50 °C. The wide tuning range is obtained to be from 1031 to 1039 cm<sup>-1</sup>.
Overview of Liner Activities in Support of the International Forum for Aviation Research (2019)

This paper provides an overview of liner research being conducted by members of the International Forum for Aviation Research (IFAR). The IFAR consists of representatives from a number of national research labs and is established to enable information exchange on aviation research activities. NASA has provided three challenges that explore different aspects of acoustic liner research, and will compile the results from each of the partners into a common database when the challenges are completed. The goal of the first challenge is to compare experimental methods applied at different national labs for acoustic liner evaluation, and to compare impedance eduction methodologies for uniform liners. The second challenge is to evaluate the ability of 3D propagation codes to predict the effects of spanwise variable-impedance liners on the acoustic pressure field. The third challenge is to explore different approaches to simultaneously educe the impedances for each zone of a three-zone liner. Each challenge is intended to be conducted as a blind test. Thus, only representative results achieved by the NASA Liner Physics Team for each of the three challenges are presented herein. When the results from all participants are available, the compiled results are intended to be provided in future reports. \n\n\n\n
Acyclic modeling of combinational loops (2005)

This paper presents a method to convert gate-level combinational loop into an acyclic circuit, if the combinational loop is not oscillatory. Combinational loops breach design methodologies, because they can involve undesirable circuit behavior and can possibly lead to oscillations based on the external stimuli to the loops. However, for designs compiled using automated synthesis-compiler, these loops are very likely to appear in the generated gate-level designs. We present a modeling of combinational loops as state holding elements and break non oscillatory loops using a level sensitive latch. Apart from modeling combinational loops consisting of gates, the algorithm also converts the loops through design latches. The increase in design area, due to the loop conversion, has an upper bound of twice the size of the original feedback path. However, in case of multiply nested feedback paths, each path is treated separately. Unlike previous work that converts cyclic combinational logic where the feedback is not exercised, this paper presents an algorithm to identify the stateful "latch" behavior in a class of feedback logic (non-oscillatory, monotonic). A conversion algorithm replaces such feedback logic by an equivalent circuit comprising explicit latches and acyclic combinational logic. The replacement circuit has an identical behavior as the original stateful feedback logic.