gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Serum neurofilament light chain levels are increased at the onset of PML in natalizumab treated MS patients (P1.383) (2018)

To assess whether serum neurofilaments light chains (Nfl) are a reliable biomarker for the early recognition of PML during natalizumab treatment.
Performance Improvement of 802.11 Wireless Access Network with TCP ACK Agent and Auto-Zoom Backoff Algorithm (2005)

This paper proposes two schemes to improve the TCP performance over 802.11 WLAN access protocol. In the standard 802.11 and TCP protocols, a TCP data segment is acknowledged twice, once at the MAC layer, and once at the TCP layer. By a simple cross-layer design, a TCP ACK agent is installed at the WLAN AP. When a MAC acknowledgment is received by the AP, the AP generates a TCP ACK on behalf of the WLAN stations. Together with the TCP ACK agent scheme, an auto-zoom backoff algorithm is proposed to further improve the access performance. In the auto-zoom backoff, the contention windows can be progressively reduced to a very low value in case of light or asymmetric traffic, and return to normal quickly when collision occurs. With the TCP ACK agent and auto-zoom backoff, we show that significant improvement in TCP throughput performance can be achieved in typical Internet application scenarios.
bioLogic (2015)

Nature has engineered its own actuators, as well as the efficient material composition, geometry and structure to utilize its actuators and achieve functional transformation. Based on the natural phenomenon of cells' hygromorphic transformation, we introduce the living Bacillus Subtilis natto cell as a humidity sensitive nanoactuator. In this paper, we unfold the process of exploring and comparing cell types that are proper for HCI use, the development of the composite biofilm, the development of the responsive structures, the control setup for actuating biofilms, and a simulation and fabrication platform. Finally, we provide a variety of application designs, with and without computer control to demonstrate the potential of our bio actuators. Through this paper, we intend to enable the use of natto cells and our platform technologies for HCI researchers, designers and bio-hackers. More generally, we try to encourage the research and use of biological responsive materials and interdisciplinary research in HCI.
Efficacy of Hospital Cleaning Agents and Germicides Against Epidemic<i>Clostridium difficile</i>Strains (2007)

These results highlight differences in the activity of cleaning agents and germicides against C. difficile spores and the potential for some of these products to promote sporulation.
A Survey of BGP Security Issues and Solutions (2010)

As the Internet's <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">de facto</i> interdomain routing protocol, the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the glue that holds the disparate parts of the Internet together. A major limitation of BGP is its failure to adequately address security. Recent high-profile outages and security analyses clearly indicate that the Internet routing infrastructure is highly vulnerable. Moreover, the design of BGP and the ubiquity of its deployment have frustrated past efforts at securing interdomain routing. This paper considers the current vulnerabilities of the interdomain routing system and surveys both research and standardization efforts relating to BGP security. We explore the limitations and advantages of proposed security extensions to BGP, and explain why no solution has yet struck an adequate balance between comprehensive security and deployment cost.
Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis: Effect on Occupation Productivity and Work Force Costs (1997)

Allergic rhinitis, one of the most common chronic illnesses, can have a negative impact on occupational productivity in the work-place. Allergic rhinitis affects over 13 million workers (6.15 million men and 6.11 million women) of the United States work force. Work place productivity can be reduced in the several ways: (1) Employee works at suboptimal efficiency because of the disease or its treatment; (2) employee takes a sick day away from work because of allergic rhinitis or its complications; (3) employee takes time off from work to care for or transport a child or dependent who needs care for allergic rhinitis or its complications, and (4) worker takes time off because of a work-related injury related to the disease or the medication used to treat the illness. Although nonsedating antihistamines and intranasal anti-inflammatory medications have been developed as effective therapies and are available as prescription drugs, many workers (50%) indicate that they manage their allergic rhinitis with over-the-counter medications. Most of these over-the-counter medicines contain sedating antihistamines which are known to alter cognitive and motor function. To determine whether the medications used by 3394 members of a health maintenance organization were associated with incident work-related injury, they were compared to two control groups selected from the membership and matched for age, gender, and Standard Industrial Classification Code of their employer. Medication use was determined from pharmacy data. The injuries included 496 fractures on dislocations, 2728 open, crushing, or superficial injuries, 176 burns, and 63 internal injuries. The risk of injury was statistically significantly elevated among users of sedating antihistamines. Utilizing demographic data the annual cost of last productivity to employers and society as the result of allergic rhinitis and its therapy with the over-the-counter sedating antihistamines is estimated to be greater than $4 billion.
Three-dimensional data acquisition with a semiconductor detector in SPECT (2003)

The purpose of our research is to develop a new data acquisition scheme for myocardial single photon emission CT with a semiconductor detector. A gamma camera with a semiconductor detector enables us to measure projection data with arbitrary angles because the gamma camera with this detector is smaller than ordinary gamma cameras with a scintillation detector. The proposed data acquisition scheme is to measure projection data with angles where the signal to noise ratio in projection data is relatively high. We assumed that we could measure the heart with 20 projections. In the x-y plane the positions of the detector were /spl phi/=0/spl deg/,30/spl deg/,60/spl deg/, and 90/spl deg/ (anterior to LAO 90/spl deg/) and they were /spl theta/=30/spl deg/,60/spl deg/,90/spl deg/,120/spl deg/, and 150/spl deg/ to the z-axis. Then we decided the minimum number of projections required for an acceptable quality of images, and selected optimum projection angles. The criterion for selecting the projection angle was an integral value of the power spectrum for each projection. We listed projection data in descending order according to this integral value and made four projection subsets. A subset was composed of two projections, i.e., the projection which had the largest integral value and the other projection which was perpendicular to the former one. In the image reconstruction, we used the ordered subset expectation maximization method and used the above four subsets. As a result, even with only eight projection data we could obtain images of almost the same quality as those obtained with 60 projections.
Black Female Adolescents' Career Aspirations and Expectations: Rising to the Challenge of the American Occupational Structure. (1992)

Career and life planning, while a complex task for people of all races and ages, is often compounded for black adolescent females. Social and economic traditions such as racism, poverty, and oppression have often retarded their employment perceptions, aspirations, expectations, and realities. This article explores the relationship between black female adolescents' career aspirations and expectations by examining the incongruencies among their career behaviors, aspirations, and expectations in relation to the realities of the American occupations structure. Additionally, black female adolescents' participation in and perception of the American labor force is reviewed. Recommendations are provided for personal and structural changes to facilitate the empowerment and success of tomorrow's young black working women. (Contains 30 references.) (GLR) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** elf Black Female Adolescents' Career Aspirations and Expectations: Rising to the Challenge of the American Occupational Structure Sher lon P. Brown U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Realism and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document he$ been reproduced as eceived from the person w organization iginating it 0 Minol changes have been made to onwove reproductmn quality Points of view or oprnions staled in this docui merit do not necesunly represent official OERI position or policy PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MA T IAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY 6 TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Sherlon P. Brown is an assistant professor in the Department of Educational Foundations and Inquiry, College of Education and Allied Professions at Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio. Running Head: Career Aspirations and Expectations 2 REST COPY AVAILAKE
Singlet Fission in a Covalently Linked Cofacial Alkynyltetracene Dimer (2015)

Singlet fission is a process in which a singlet exciton converts into two triplet excitons. To investigate this phenomenon, we synthesized two covalently linked 5-ethynyl-tetracene (ET) dimers with differing degrees of intertetracene overlap: BET-X, with large, cofacial overlap of tetracene π-orbitals, and BET-B, with twisted arrangement between tetracenes exhibits less overlap between the tetracene π-orbitals. The two compounds were crystallographically characterized and studied by absorption and emission spectroscopy in solution, in PMMA and neat thin films. The results show that singlet fission occurs within 1 ps in an amorphous thin film of BET-B with high efficiency (triplet yield: 154%). In solution and the PMMA matrix the S1 of BET-B relaxes to a correlated triplet pair (1)(T1T1) on a time scale of 2 ps, which decays to the ground state without forming separated triplets, suggesting that triplet energy transfer from (1)(T1T1) to a nearby chromophore is essential for producing free triplets. In support of this hypothesis, selective excitation of BET-B doped into a thin film of diphenyltetracene (DPT) leads to formation of the (1)(T1T1) state of BET-B, followed by generation of both DPT and BET-B triplets. For the structurally cofacial BET-X, an intermediate forms in <180 fs and returns to the ground state more rapidly than BET-B. First-principles calculations predict a 2 orders of magnitude faster rate of singlet fission to the (1)(T1T1) state in BET-B relative to that of crystalline tetracene, attributing the rate increase to greater coupling between the S1 and (1)(T1T1) states and favorable energetics for formation of the separated triplets.
Cycloaliphatic diepoxide crosslinkable core-shell latexes: the effect of addition mode (2000)

The two series of the model core-shell acrylic latex systems were synthesized. Both systems had hydroxy-functionalized cores and carboxyl-functionalized shells. The latexes were then crosslinked with cycloaliphatic diepoxide. The mode of addition of crosslinker was studied by adding the cycloaliphatic diepoxide during the polymerization or after the polymerization. The crosslinker was also added after the polymerization via solvent or emulsion. The Tukon hardness, tensile properties, viscoelasticity, and morphology of latex were evaluated as a function of cycloaliphatic epoxide addition mode. The introduction of the epoxide during the polymerization lowered the Tukon hardness, and the solution approach generally provided better mechanical properties than the emulsion approach.
Photobiological Properties of Hydroxy-substituted Flavothiones¶ (2002)

Flavothione (FT) and a series of 18 hydroxy- and methoxy-substituted flavothiones were screened for photobiological activity. The 5-hydroxy-substituted compounds (group 3) and the methoxy-substituted flavothiones were inactive. FT and the remaining hydroxy-substituted compounds, all displayed photobiological activity. Among these, the 3-hydroxy-substituted compounds (group 2) were the most efficient photosensitizers overall in spite of their concurrent fast photodegradation. FT and all other hydroxyflavothiones, not substituted in the 3- or 5-positions (group 1), were inefficient compared with group 2. Detailed photobiological tests were carried out for four flavothiones of groups 1 and 2. The biological tests included fungi, several strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and mammalian cells. In addition, the ability of these flavothiones to perform lipid peroxidation was evaluated. FT and 6-hydroxyflavothione (group 1) induce DNA damage via H-atom abstraction from the lowest n, pi* triplet state of the thione (oxygen independent). For 3-hydroxy and 3,6-dihydroxyflavothione (group 2), both DNA and the membrane are targets. The mechanism likely involves both energy transfer and electron transfer from the lowest pi, pi* triplet state to oxygen, to form singlet oxygen and the superoxide anion. Some of these compounds could be considered as models for environmentally safe photopesticides.
Sch 47554 and Sch 47555, two novel antifungal antibiotics produced from a Streptomyces sp. (1993)

In the course of screening for new antifungal agents from fermentation broths, we have discovered two novel antifungal compounds, Sch 47554 (1) and Sch 47555 (2), which are structurally related to the angucycline group of antibiotics1} which includes aquayamycin and saquayamycins. Both compounds were produced by a strain of Streptomyces sp. SCC-2136 (ATCC 55186) isolated from a soil sample collected in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. In this paper we wish to report the production, isolation, and structure elucidation of 1 and 2 using spectroscopic methods as well as chemical degradations.
Efficacy and Safety of Darunavir/Ritonavir at 48 Weeks in Treatment-naïve, HIV-1–infected Adolescents (2014)

Over 48 weeks, once-daily darunavir/ritonavir 800/100 mg plus NRTIs was effective and well-tolerated for treatment of HIV-1-infected, antiretroviral-naïve adolescents (≥12 to <18 years). These findings support use of once-daily darunavir/ritonavir 800/100 mg in this population.
Context-aware mobile computing: learning context- dependent personal preferences from a wearable sensor array (2006)

Context-aware computing describes the situation where a wearable/mobile computer is aware of its user's state and surroundings and modifies its behavior based on this information. We designed, implemented, and evaluated a wearable system which can learn context-dependent personal preferences by identifying individual user states and observing how the user interacts with the system in these states. This learning occurs online and does not require external supervision. The system relies on techniques from machine learning and statistical analysis. A case study integrates the approach in a context-aware mobile phone. The results indicate that the method is able to create a meaningful user context model while only requiring data from comfortable wearable sensor devices.
Effects of calcium antagonists on beta-receptors of cultured cardiac myocytes isolated from neonatal rat ventricle. (1990)

The effects of calcium antagonists (verapamil, diltiazem, and nicardipine) on beta-adrenergic receptors of cultured cardiac myocytes isolated from neonatal rat ventricle were studied with the hydrophilic ligand [3H]CGP-12177, which identifies cell surface-bound beta-receptors. The three calcium antagonists suppressed spontaneous beating of the myocytes, increased the number of beta-receptors, but did not alter the affinity (Kd). These effects were dose and time dependent. Verapamil (10(-6) M) increased the beta-receptor density by about 13% after 6 hours of incubation, and this increase in density reached a plateau of about 45% after 24 hours of incubation. beta-Receptor density increased by 15% with 5 x 10(-7) M and by 37% with 10(-6) M verapamil. The increased beta-receptors appeared to retain their normal function, as assessed by the increased spontaneous beating of the myocytes in response to applied isoproterenol. The increase in beta-receptors was abolished by colchicine but not by cycloheximide. When the calcium ion concentration of the medium was lowered to 0.1 mM, no significant change occurred in the density of beta-receptors compared with that in 1.8-mM Ca2+ medium. The results suggest that calcium antagonists increase beta-receptors by accelerating recycling by microtubules but not by decreasing the inward calcium current. Such effects of calcium antagonists may be clinically important and promise insight into the mechanism of the withdrawal phenomenon of calcium antagonists.
DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) Service Overview (2009)

This document provides an overview of the DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) service and describes how it can fit into a messaging service.It also describes how DKIM relates to other IETF message signature technologies.It is intended for those who are adopting, developing, or deploying DKIM.DKIM allows an organization to take responsibility for transmitting a message, in a way that can be verified by a recipient.The organization can be the author's, the originating sending site, an intermediary, or one of their agents.A message can contain multiple signatures from the same or different organizations involved with the message.DKIM defines a domain-level digital signature authentication framework for email, using publickey cryptography, with the domain name service as its key server technology (RFC 4871).This permits verification of a responsible organization, as well as the integrity of the message contents.DKIM also enables a mechanism that permits potential email signers to publish information about their email signing practices; this will permit email receivers to make additional assessments about messages.DKIM's authentication of email identity can assist in the global control of "spam" and "phishing".
Managing warehouse efficiency and worker discomfort through enhanced storage assignment decisions (2016)

Humans are at the heart of crucial processes in warehouses. Besides the common economic goal of minimising cycle times, we therefore add in this paper the human well-being goal of minimising workers’ discomfort in the context of order picking. We propose a methodology for identifying the most suitable storage location solutions with respect to both goals. The first step in our methodology is to build data-driven empirical models for estimating cycle times and workers’ discomfort. The second step of the methodology entails the use of these empirically grounded models to formulate a bi-objective assignment problem for assigning products to storage locations. The developed methodology is subsequently tested on two actual warehouses. The results of these practical tests show that clear trade-offs exist and that optimising only for discomfort can be costly in terms of cycle time. Based on the results, we provide practical guidelines for taking storage assignment decisions that simultaneously address discomfort and travel distance considerations.
Total Protein Profile and Drug Resistance in<i>Candida albicans</i>Isolated from Clinical Samples (2016)

This study was done to assess the antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of Candida albicans and to evaluate its total protein profile based on morphological difference on drug resistance. Hundred and twenty clinical isolates of C. albicans from various clinical specimens were tested for susceptibility against four antifungal agents, namely, fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, and ketoconazole. A significant increase of drug resistance in clinical isolates of C. albicans was observed. The study showed 50% fluconazole and itraconazole resistance at 32 μg mL(-1) with a MIC50 and MIC90 values at 34 and 47 and 36 and 49 μg mL(-1), respectively. All isolates were sensitive to amphotericin B and ketoconazole. The SDS-PAGE protein profile showed a prevalent band of ~52.5 kDa, indicating overexpression of gene in 72% strains with fluconazole resistance. Since the opportunistic infections of Candida spp. are increasing along with drug resistance, the total protein profile will help in understanding the evolutionary changes in drug resistance and also to characterize them.
A device for debridement using high pressure water jets (2014)

Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014.
Nanoparticle based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) for biosensing applications (2015)

In the past few decades, Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been used as a powerful tool for providing nanoscale information in many biosensing and bioanalysis applications. The performance of FRET assays is mainly dependent on the design of donor and acceptor pairs. Recently, a series of nanoparticles start to be used in FRET assays including semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), graphene quantum dots (GQDs), upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and graphene oxide (GO). The rapid pace of development in nanoparticles provides a lot of opportunities to revolutionize FRET techniques. Many nanoparticle based FRET assays have also been developed for various biosensing applications with higher sensitivity and better stability compared with traditional organic fluorophore based FRET assays. This article reviews the recent progress of nanoparticle FRET assays and their applications in biosensing area.
Experimental Characterization of Hybrid Solid-State and Fluidic Cooling for Thermal Management of Localized Hotspots (2014)

A hybrid cooling scheme utilizing superlattice coolers (SLCs) along with microchannel heat sink for thermal management of hotspots is presented. In this paper, we have studied the effect of operating and design parameters on the performance of the SLC. We have also experimentally investigated the effect of interface thermal resistance as well as thermal resistance between the ground electrode and superlattice using two test configurations: one with on-chip microchannels and another with off-chip microchannels. We demonstrated heat removal capability at the localized hotspots of more than over 300 W/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> .
Compressive temporal stereo-vision imaging (2016)

We report a binocular stereo-vision imaging system acquiring videos exceeding the cameras’ frame rate. An iterative reconstruction algorithm with the knowledge of the correspondence between the cameras demonstrated a 4x faster frame rate in simulation.
Ultrahigh-Pressure Laser-Driven Shock-Wave Experiments in Aluminum (1979)

We have measured the velocities of strong laser-driven shocks in aluminum. Pressures of 0.6 and 1.8 TPa were produced by incident laser intensities of 8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{13}$ and 3\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{14}$ W/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. This is the first time that pressures this high have been inferred in a laboratory experiment.
Cloud detection on the Google Earth engine platform (2017)

The vast amount of data acquired by current high resolution Earth observation satellites implies some technical challenges to be faced. Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform provides a framework for the development of algorithms and products built over this data in an easy and scalable manner. In this paper, we take advantage of the GEE platform capabilities to exploit the wealth of information in the temporal dimension by processing a long time series of satellite images. A cloud detection algorithm for Landsat-8, which uses previous images of the same location to detect clouds, is implemented and tested on the GEE platform.