gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of automatic face annotation system used within a collaborative framework for online social networks (2016)

Recently, the development of automatic face annotation techniques in online social networks has become a promising research area for the purpose of management of the large numbers of photographs uploaded to social network platforms. In this study, the authors first construct the personalised pyramid database units for each member in the pyramid database access control module by effectively making use of various types of social network context to drastically reduce time expenditure and further boost the accuracy of face identification. Next, they train and optimise the personalised multiple‐kernel learning (MKL) classifier unit for each member, which utilises the MKL algorithm to locally adapt to each member, resulting in the production of high‐quality face identification results for the current owner in the MKL face recognition module. Experimental results demonstrate that their proposed face annotation approach provides a substantially higher level of efficacy and efficiency than other face annotation approaches for real‐life personal photographs with pose variations.
Instrument for assaying the radionuclide concentrations in 208-l drums (1986)

The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission's 10CFR61 defines the concentrations of all radionuclides allowable within the various categories of low-level waste. Commercial low-level waste disposal sites can only accept wastes within the legally defined concentration limits and add surcharges to waste shipments having high curie contents. Waste generators must not verify that their waste packages conform to all legal requirements but also must pay disposal costs proportionate to the volume and curie content. An accurate, even through initially more expensive, assay technique may save money in the long run. To provide this accuracy, a portable instrument capable of nondestructively assaying 208-l drums for the concentrations of all radionuclides present has been assembled. The instrument utilizes segmented gamma-ray spectroscopy to determine the concentrations of most fission and activation products and incorporates neutron detectors to determine the concentrations of transuranic nuclides. The system also makes a direct determination of the /sup 90/Sr concentration in the drum by a unique method of measuring the bremsstrahlung radiation. All other radioactivities that cannot be measured directly are inferred by correlation factors appropriate to the waste stream represented by the drum. The computer data reduction system can print a shipping manifest that lists all individual, radioisotope concentrationsmore » including those required by 10CFR61.« less
Detecting socially interacting groups using f-formation: A survey of taxonomy, methods, datasets, applications, challenges, and future research directions (2021)

Robots in our daily surroundings are increasing day by day. Their usability and acceptability largely depend on their explicit and implicit interaction capability with fellow human beings. As a result, social behavior is one of the most sought-after qualities that a robot can possess. However, there is no specific aspect and/or feature that defines socially acceptable behavior and it largely depends on the situation, application, and society. In this article, we investigate one such social behavior for collocated robots. Imagine a group of people is interacting with each other and we want to join the group. We as human beings do it in a socially acceptable manner, i.e., within the group, we do position ourselves in such a way that we can participate in the group activity without disturbing/obstructing anybody. To possess such a quality, first, a robot needs to determine the formation of the group and then determine a position for itself, which we humans do implicitly. The theory of f-formation can be utilized for this purpose. As the types of formations can be very diverse, detecting the social groups is not a trivial task. In this article, we provide a comprehensive survey of the existing work on social interaction and group detection using f-formation for robotics and other applications. We also put forward a novel holistic survey framework combining all the possible concerns and modules relevant to this problem. We define taxonomies based on methods, camera views, datasets, detection capabilities and scale, evaluation approaches, and application areas. We discuss certain open challenges and limitations in current literature along with possible future research directions based on this framework. In particular, we discuss the existing methods/techniques and their relative merits and demerits, applications, and provide a set of unsolved but relevant problems in this domain.
Power Control in Cognitive Radio Systems Based on Spectrum Sensing Side Information (2007)

Cognitive radio has been recently proposed as a promising technology to improve the spectrum utilization efficiency by intelligently sensing and accessing some vacant bands of licensed users. In this paper, we consider the coexistence between a cognitive radio and a licensed user in order to enhance the spectrum efficiency. We develop an approach to allow the cognitive radio to operate in the presence of the licensed user. In order to minimize the interference to the licensed user, the transmit power of the cognitive radio is controlled by using the side information of spectrum sensing. Numerical results will show that the quality of service for the licensed user can be guaranteed in the presence of the cognitive radio by the proposed approach.
The Nucleotide Sequences of the 3'-terminal Regions of Papaya Ringspot Virus Strains W and P (1990)

The sequences of cDNA clones encoding most of the NIb protein, the coat protein and the 3' untranslated region of papaya ringspot virus (PRV) strains W and P have been determined. The open reading frame of P strain PRV was confirmed by amino acid analysis. Nucleotide sequence comparisons of these strains show that they share a 98.2% identity in their NIb gene regions and a 97.7% identity in their coat protein genes. The sequences of these two strains are distinct from other potyvirus types, confirming their classification as two strains of the same virus. The NIb amino acid sequence possesses conserved amino acids characteristic of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. Comparison of the coat protein amino acid sequence with those of other potyviruses shows perfectly conserved amino acids which may have functional significance.
Application of High Corrosion Fatigue Strength Spring Material to Cold-Formed Coil Spring (2003)

Weight reduction and high capacity of corrosion fatigue strength have been demanded for suspension springs from hot-formed coiling process. We suggested SUP190 for the hot-formed coil springs for this purpose. On the other hand, shift from the hot-formed coil springs to cold-formed coil springs has been proceeding recently, because the cold-formed coil springs have advantage of high formability and high shape freedom. The cold-formed coil spring materials are generally obtained by the quick heat treatment. The quick heat treatment have the advantage of fine structure, fine austenitic grain and minimum decarburization. We focused on the advantage of the cold-formed coil springs made of material processed by the quick heat treatment. In the meanwhile, we have further developed a means of applying the quick heat treatment to the hot-formed coil spring materials of SUP190. However since SUP190 is alloy steel, it is necessary to consider the change of transformation temperature and solid solution of carbides. Therefore, we concentrated on the basic evaluation for heat treatment by using the hot-working simulator. In addition, the evaluation of the heat treatment in production furnace and the examination of spring characteristic were conducted.
Influence of phase noise on measurement range in optical pulse compression reflectometry (2015)

Optical pulse compression reflectometry (OPCR) has been proposed to utilize the frequency modulation pulse-compression technology so as to overcome the tradeoff between the spatial resolution and measurement range. In this paper we theoretically analyze and simulate the influence of phase noise on OPCR. The phase noise determining the coherent length of the light source is closely linked to the measurement range.
Bi-reforming of Methane from Any Source with Steam and Carbon Dioxide Exclusively to Metgas (CO–2H<sub>2</sub>) for Methanol and Hydrocarbon Synthesis (2012)

A catalyst based on nickel oxide on magnesium oxide (NiO/MgO) thermally activated under hydrogen is effective for the bi-reforming with steam and CO(2) (combined steam and dry reforming) of methane as well as natural gas in a tubular flow reactor at elevated pressures (5-30 atm) and temperatures (800-950 °C). By adjusting the CO(2)-to-steam ratio in the gas feed, the H(2)/CO ratio in the produced syn-gas could be easily adjusted in a single step to the desired value of 2 for methanol and hydrocarbon synthesis.
Advanced silicon thin films for high-efficiency silicon heterojunction-based solar cells (2017)

The drop in passivation usually observed after the deposition of the p-doped amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layer on top of the passivating intrinsic buffer a-Si:H layer during the fabrication of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells is shown to be mostly related to the properties of the i-layer itself. After optimization of the i-layer to reduce this loss, minority carrier lifetimes above 50 ms were achieved on very lowly doped wafers, and close to 18 ms on actual SHJ cell precursors with i-layers as thin as 4 nm. These films were integrated into SHJ solar cells fabricated with industry-compatible processes, yielding efficiencies up to 23.1% on large-area devices and up to 23.9% on 4 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> devices. In addition, the developed a-Si:H layers were also used as key building blocks in more advanced high-efficiency solar cell architectures, such as interdigitated back-contacted SHJ solar cells (>23%), III-V//SHJ tandems (>30%), and perovskite//SHJ tandems (>25%), for example.
Cumulative Skin Irritation Test of Sanitary Pads in Sensitive Skin and Normal Skin Population (2007)

The test materials produced similar degrees of skin irritation among both groups. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference in skin compatibility when the two feminine hygiene product test patches were worn by self-declared normal and sensitive skin groups.
A sub-sampled approach to extremely low-dose STEM (2018)

The inpainting of deliberately and randomly sub-sampled images offers a potential means to image specimens at a high resolution and under extremely low-dose conditions (≤1 e−/Å2) using a scanning transmission electron microscope. We show that deliberate sub-sampling acquires images at least an order of magnitude faster than conventional low-dose methods for an equivalent electron dose. More importantly, when adaptive sub-sampling is implemented to acquire the images, there is a significant increase in the resolution and sensitivity which accompanies the increase in imaging speed. We demonstrate the potential of this method for beam sensitive materials and in-situ observations by experimentally imaging the node distribution in a metal-organic framework.
Kalman filtering for real-time individual cylinder air fuel ratio observer on a diesel engine test bench (2006)

We propose an estimator of the individual cylinder air fuel ratios in a turbocharged diesel engine using as only sensor the single air fuel ratio sensor placed downstream the turbine. The observer consists of a time-varying Kalman Filter based on a physics-based model for the engine dynamics. We prove that the reference system converges toward a limit cycle. This limit cycle is used for the design of an extended Kalman filter. Performance is evaluated through test bench experiments on a 4 cylinder Diesel engine. The proposed approach has the advantage over existing methods of providing insight into the cylinders unbalance by considering a higher frequency model of the exhaust manifold. This information could pave the road to efficient closed loop control strategy as demonstrated on an experimental example
A dual-feed series microstrip patch array (2008)

A dual series-fed, four microstrip patch array antenna that utilizes planar design for ease of fabrication and signal routing is presented. The natural tendency of a series fed array to have beam tilting over frequency is circumvented by using opposing, anti-symmetric balanced feed points. This approach makes this element suitable for low cost frequency-hopped phased array antennas. An approach for inter-element matching to evenly distribute power to each element is also described. The antenna operates at 4.85 GHz with approximately 600 MHz of bandwidth.
Proton-sensitive custom SRAM detector (1992)

A custom 4k-bit static RAM (SRAM) chip was tested with protons. The SRAM was developed to determine the single event upset hardness of hardness of CMOS latches using alpha particle measurements and can also function as a proton detector. The authors describe a calibration procedure for the SRAM detector, allowing spectrometers to be designed for measuring proton, helium, and heavier ion environments inside spacecraft computers. The detector was calibrated for protons using the Caltech Tandem Van de Graaff. The SPICE circuit simulation program was used to compute an effective calibration curve and this curve was then used, with the proton data, to compute an effective charge collection depth, allowing calibration.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On the fragility and limitations of current browser-provided clickjacking protection schemes (2012)

An important and timely attack technique on the Web is Clickjacking (also called UI redressing), in which an attacker tricks the unsuspicious victim into clicking on a specific element without his explicit knowledge about where he is actually clicking. In order to protect their websites from being exploitable, many web masters de-ployed different countermeasures to this kind of attack. In this paper, we explore the limitations and shortcom-ings of current anti-clickjacking approaches and present several bypasses of state-of-the-art tools, including an at-tack we call Nested Clickjacking that enables us to per-form Clickjacking against the social network Google+. Furthermore, we present the results of a large scale em-pirical study on the usage of current anti-clickjacking mechanisms on about 2 million web pages. The results of our analysis show that about 15 % of the analyzed web sites protect themselves against Clickjacking. 1
Impact of Scan Tilt on Quantitative Assessments Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (2020)

Purpose To investigate the impact of scan tilt on quantitative assessments using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) in healthy participants. Methods Healthy participants were imaged with a SS-OCTA system (PLEX Elite 9000; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc, Dublin, CA). After a standard scan was obtained, tilted scans were obtained by moving the optical coherence tomography beam entrance position horizontally. The tilting angle was measured from the B-scan image, and the flattest (horizontal) and the most tilted images were selected for comparative analysis. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, vessel density (VD), and vessel length density (VLD) from the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus (SCP, DCP), and choriocapillaris flow deficits (CC FDs) were computed and compared between horizontal and tilted images. Results Thirteen eyes were excluded due to poor image quality or small angle difference (<8°) between the horizontal and tilted images. A final cohort of 27 normal eyes of 17 participants with a mean age of 39.3 ± 5.9 years was eligible for analysis. The FAZ area, VD, and VLD of both SCP and DCP were not significantly different between horizontal and tilted images. The CC FD, however, was significantly higher in horizontal images compared with tilted images (21.65% ± 2.41% vs. 21.06% ± 2.19%, P = 0.005). Conclusions CC FD measurements may be significantly affected by the position of the scanning beam and resultant scan tilting. These findings highlight the importance of capturing on-axis (pupil-centered) scans for quantitative OCTA analyses. Translational Relevance By assessing what impact a titled scan can have on OCTA measurements, this study will aid clinicians in understanding how to interpret their results in this situation.
Patent: Method and apparatus of peak-to-average power ratio reduction, U.S. Patent No. 7,409,009; EP1,469,649; GB2,401,516 (2008)

A technique of reducing the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of Multi-Carrier (MC) modulated signals in which peaks in the baseband signal that lie above a threshold amplitude are detected and used to generate a pulse sequence signal which, after shaping, is subtracted from the baseband signal to reduce its PAPR. The method is spectrally efficient, has a low degree of implementation complexity and hence it is also suitable for low-power, portable implementation. Moreover, it is compatible with existing standard-based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) systems. As an example of the performance of the proposed scheme, the amplifier back-off requirement in a Terrestrial Digital Video Broadcast (DVB-T) system can be reduced from 12 to 6 dB, while satisfying the of out-of-band emission specifications imposed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) spectral mask.
Continuous Flow Peritoneal Dialysis: A New Double Lumen Catheter (2003)

Continuous flow peritoneal dialysis (CFPD) is a therapy originally utilized in the sixties. It was then abandoned because of technical reasons, but, today, a new interest in this technique is emerging, because of new technical solutions and new hardware capabilities. CFPD is a peritoneal dialysis technique in which a certain amount of fluid is maintained in the peritoneal cavity, while a continuous inflow and outflow is provided via twin catheters or through a double lumen catheter. In this paper a new double lumen catheter is presented. The catheter is characterized by the presence of a diffuser in the inflow lumen, while a standard coiled shape characterizes the outflow lumen. The diffuser allows the use of high dialysate flows without peritoneal damage and with an excellent distribution of the fluid. The other feature of the catheter is the removable hub which allows for an easy subcutaneous tunneling of the catheter with a subsequent connection to the y segment. The special shape also guarantees a minimum recirculation during treatment. Data obtained in the first implanted catheter showed a progressive increase in small solute clearances in relation to an increase of the flow and the tidal volume in the peritoneal cavity. In particular, urea clearances up to 48 ml/min and creatinine clearances up to 39 ml/min were obtained. No major complications were observed after one year of use of the catheter.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleoside Transport Inhibitors: Structure‐Activity Relationships and Potential Therapeutic Applications (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Probabilistic Pedestrian Tracking Based on a Skeleton Model (2006)

A novel pedestrian tracking scheme based on a particle filter is proposed, which adopts a skeleton model of a pedestrian as a state space model and uses distance transformed images for likelihood estimation. The six-stick skeleton model used in the proposed approach is very distinctive in representing a pedestrian simply but effectively, with which the efficient state space for the pedestrian tracking can be derived. Experimental results by using PETS sample sequences demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves highly accurate pedestrian tracking without any of prior learning.
Development of a Novel Zolmitriptan Intracutaneous Microneedle System (Qtrypta™) for the Acute Treatment of Migraine (2020)

M207 is an investigational intracutaneous microneedle therapeutic system for nonoral zolmitriptan delivery. In a Phase I trial, M207 provided faster absorption with a higher 2 h exposure than oral zolmitriptan. In the pivotal trial evaluating efficacy, tolerability and safety in moderate-to-severe migraine attacks, M207 3.8 mg was superior to placebo in providing freedom from headache pain (42 vs 14%) and freedom from most bothersome symptom (68 vs 43%) 2 h post-dose. Treatment-emergent adverse events were mild and transient and most commonly concerned the application site. In <i>post hoc</i> analyses: pain freedom was sustained in approximately 1/3 of patients; efficacy was observed in migraine headaches that are typically more difficult to treat.
Protein-Mediated Nanocrystal Assembly for Flash Memory Fabrication (2007)

For the first time, we demonstrate that a chaperonin protein lattice can be used as a template to assemble nanocrystal (NC) arrays for Flash memory fabrication. This provides a new approach that can incorporate different types of NCs from a colloidal suspension for Flash memory fabrication. Lead selenide and cobalt NC assemblies achieved through this method have a high density of 9.5times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">11</sup> /cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and 1.6times10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">12</sup> /cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , respectively, as well as good distribution uniformity. Devices exhibit promising Flash memory functions, with a flatband shift of 0.5 under 8-V operation, endurance >10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sup> cycles, and retention time >10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4 </sup> s
Robust Vehicular Localization and Map Matching in Urban Environments Through IMU, GNSS, and Cellular Signals (2020)

A framework for ground vehicle localization that uses cellular signals of opportunity (SOPs), a digital map, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), and a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is developed. This framework aims to enable localization in an urban environment where GNSS signals could be unusable or unreliable. The proposed framework employs an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to fuse pseudorange observables extracted from cellular SOPs, IMU measurements, and GNSS-derived position estimates (when available). The EKF is coupled with a map-matching approach. The framework assumes the positions of the cellular towers to be known, and it estimates the vehicle's states (position, velocity, orientation, and IMU biases) along with the difference between the vehicle-mounted receiver clock error states (bias and drift) and each cellular SOP clock error state. The proposed framework is evaluated experimentally on a ground vehicle navigating in a deep urban area with a limited sky view. Results show a position root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 2.8 m across a 1,380-m trajectory when GNSS signals are available and an RMSE of 3.12 m across the same trajectory when GNSS signals are unavailable for 330 m. Moreover, compared to localization with a loosely coupled GNSS?IMU integrated system, a 22% reduction in the localization error is obtained whenever GNSS signals are available, and an 81% reduction in the localization error is obtained whenever GNSS signals are unavailable.