gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Extraction of Semantic Floor Plans from 3D Point Cloud Maps (2007)

3D mapping is increasingly important for mobile robotics in general and for Safety, Security and Rescue Robotics (SSRR) in particular as complex environments must but captured in this domain. But it is hard to visualize 3D data in a simple way, e.g. to print maps for first responders, or to use it in standard robotics algorithms, e.g., for path planning. This paper describes a new approach to extract standard planar maps from large scale 3D maps in a very fast manner. In doing so, the approach can detect multiple floors, e.g., in a multi-story building or in a pancake collapse, and segment the 3D map accordingly. To each floor or level, a planar map is assigned, which is augmented by semantic information, especially with respect to traversability. Experiments are presented that are based on 3D maps generated in the large scale environments of USARsim, a high fidelity robot simulator. It is shown that the approach is very fast. The total processing of a complete 3D map takes just a few hundred milliseconds, leading to a proper extraction of floor plans to each of which semantic maps are assigned.
Spectroscopic applications and frequency locking of THz photomixing with distributed-Bragg-reflector diode lasers in low-temperature-grown GaAs (1997)

A compact, narrow-linewidth, tunable source of THz radiation has been developed for spectroscopy and other high-resolution applications. Distributed-Bragg-reflector (DBR) diode lasers at 850 nm are used to pump a low-temperature-grown GaAs photomixer. Resonant optical feedback is employed to stabilize the center frequencies and narrow the linewidths of the DBR lasers. The heterodyne linewidth full-width at half-maximum of two optically locked DBR lasers is 50 kHz on the 20 ms time scale and 2 MHz over 10 s; free-running DBR lasers have linewidths of 40 and 90 MHz on such time scales. This instrument has been used to obtain rotational spectra of acetonitrile (CH3CN) at 313 GHz. Detection limits of 1×10−4Hz1/2 (noise/total power) have been achieved, with the noise floor dominated by the detector’s noise equivalent power.
CD95 Signaling via Ceramide-rich Membrane Rafts (2001)

Clustering seems to be employed by many receptors for transmembrane signaling. Here, we show that acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)-released ceramide is essential for clustering of CD95. In vitro and in vivo, extracellularly orientated ceramide, released upon CD95-triggered translocation of ASM to the plasma membrane outer surface, enabled clustering of CD95 in sphingolipid-rich membrane rafts and apoptosis induction. Whereas ASM deficiency, destruction of rafts, or neutralization of surface ceramide prevented CD95 clustering and apoptosis, natural ceramide only rescued ASM-deficient cells. The data suggest CD95-mediated clustering by ceramide is prerequisite for signaling and death.
Braiding: A New Production Method Approach for Composite Pressure Vessels in Automotive Applications (2014)

With the first serial production of a hydrogen fuel cell car announced to enter the market in 2015, there is a prospective mass market for mobile pressure vessel applications. In automotive applications three factors are mainly decisive for a successful integration: low weight, a competitive price range and a safe operation implementation. Composite vessels can fulfill these demands. State-of-the art for the production of the composite structure is wet-filament winding. It is well established for smaller production volumes. However the potential of rise in output is limited. In filament winding only a limited number of usually 1–10 fibres is layed onto a mandrel at once. Braiding in comparison allows the simultaneously deposition of a multitude of fibres, standard machinery allow braiding of more than 200 fibres. A filament wound composite structure lacks fracture resistance under certain load cases. Composite structures known to have better fracture resistance are interlaced fibre architectures, such as braid. This applies especially for impact performance [7]. The braiding process strongly depends on the desired product. The machinery has to be chosen accordingly to application regarding e.g. the number of fibre carriers and their quantities. In automotive applications the dimensions are limited to a certain range due to available build space in the car. This paper will show which parameters have to be considered when setting up a production line for braided pressure vessels. This is done against the background of typical pressure vessel dimensions in automotive applications.
2-Phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Synthesis and Antiinflammatory Activity (1998)

A series of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic esters, acids, and amides were synthesized and pharmacologically tested in order to evaluate their antiinflammatory and analgesic activity and their ulcerogenic action on the gastro-intestinal tract. The most active member of this series of compounds was found to be 6-methyl-2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid (5c).
On the compliance method and the assessment of three-dimensional seafloor gas hydrate deposits (2003)

Marine gas hydrates, prevalent in offshore sediments in Canada and Japan, are a possible hydrocarbon resource, a hazard to drilling and the source of a major greenhouse gas. Quantitative estimates of hydrate concentrations in deep sea sediment are difficult to obtain by conventional methods. Our group has sought novel techniques specifically designed for assessment such as the compliance method where ocean surface gravity waves are used as a source. Compliance is the transfer function between the vertical displacement of the seafloor and the corresponding pressure expressed as a function of wavelength. It is sensitive to the elastic parameters of the underlying sediments, particularly the shear modulus which is probably increased in zones containing hydrate due to cementation. Our group has demonstrated a connection between a compliance measurement and the amount of hydrate present in the hydrate stability zone for layered models. Here, we develop a 3-D numerical finite-difference code using control volume discretization to predict the compliance response over non-layered structures. Among the features of the algorithm are an ability to handle sharp contrasts in elastic moduli with a low usage of computer memory. The compliance 'anomaly' over such structures has a signature and resolution not unlike the corresponding gravity anomaly. The average response over heterogeneous structures is sensitive to the bulk hydrate content but not the connectivity pattern. Gravity waves with different polarizations crossing markedly anisotropic structures produce statistically the same average stiffness value.
Ceramic/metal joining for structural applications (1985)

AbstractAbstractTechnological advances are extending the applications for bonded ceramic-metal components and demanding more rigorous performance characteristics. The techniques available for fabricating high–integrity joints for structural applications have been reviewed and attention is drawn to the factors that effect both direct and indirect bonding using liquid– and solid–phase materials. Two processes still largely in the developmental stage – fusion welding and diffusion bonding – have been considered, as well as the more established processes such as brazing. It is suggested that active metal brazing and indirect diffusion bonding will be among the techniques to be further developed and used more extensively in future.MST/205
Differential expression of wild-type and mutant NMMHC-IIA polypeptides in blood cells suggests cell-specific regulation mechanisms in MYH9 disorders (2008)

MYH9 disorders such as May-Hegglin anomaly are characterized by macrothrombocytopenia and cytoplasmic granulocyte inclusion bodies that result from mutations in MYH9, the gene for nonmuscle myosin heavy chain-IIA (NMMHC-IIA). We examined the expression of mutant NMMHC-IIA polypeptide in peripheral blood cells from patients with MYH9 5770delG and 5818delG mutations. A specific antibody to mutant NMMHC-IIA (NT629) was raised against the abnormal carboxyl-terminal residues generated by 5818delG. NT629 reacted to recombinant 5818delG NMMHC-IIA but not to wild-type NMMHC-IIA, and did not recognize any cellular components of normal peripheral blood cells. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting revealed that mutant NMMHC-IIA was present and sequestrated only in inclusion bodies within neutrophils, diffusely distributed throughout lymphocyte cytoplasm, sparsely localized on a diffuse cytoplasmic background in monocytes, and uniformly distributed at diminished levels only in large platelets. Mutant NMMHC-IIA did not translocate to lamellipodia in surface activated platelets. Wild-type NMMHC-IIA was homogeneously distributed among megakaryocytes derived from the peripheral blood CD34(+) cells of patients, but coarse mutant NMMHC-IIA was heterogeneously scattered without abnormal aggregates in the cytoplasm. We show the differential expression of mutant NMMHC-IIA and postulate that cell-specific regulation mechanisms function in MYH9 disorders.
The gene for human erythrocyte protein 4.2 maps to chromosome 15q15. (1992)

Protein 4.2 (P4.2), one of the major components of the red-blood-cell membrane, is located on the interior surface, where it binds with high affinity to the cytoplasmic domain of band 3. Individuals whose red blood cells are deficient in P4.2 have osmotically fragile, abnormally shaped cells and moderate hemolytic anemia. cDNA clones from both the 5' and the 3' coding regions of the P4.2 gene were used to map its chromosomal location by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The probes, individually or in combination, gave specific hybridization signals on chromosome 15. The hybridization locus was identified by combining fluorescence images of the probe signals with fluorescence banding patterns generated by Alu-PCR (R-like) probe and by DAPI staining (G-like). Our results demonstrate that the locus of the P4.2 gene is located within 15q15.
<title>Low-power FLC-based retromodulator communications system</title> (1997)

On September 15, 1996, researchers from Utah State University/Space Dynamics Lab in conjunction with Phillips Lab/Starfire Optical Range and Kjome Research successfully flew and tested a retromodulator laser communication package on a high altitude balloon. This paper addresses the layout and hardware used for the communication link, as well as presenting some preliminary data collected during the 6 hour flight of the balloon. The package was a proof of concept demonstration system for a low-power laser communications systems for small, low Earth orbiting satellites. The ferroelectric liquid crystal based retromodulator design of Utah State provided test patterns for modulation rates up to 20 kilo bits per second. Data was successfully downlinked using a 1200 bps RS232 format and a simplistic receiver. The Starfire Optical Range 1.5-meter telescope located on Kirtland AFB, tracked the balloon, which reached a float altitude of 31 km and collected the modulated light reflected from the payload.
Relaxed Eddy-Accumulation Technique for Measuring Ammonia Volatilization (1999)

Ammonia emissions from fertilized fields not only decrease the fertilizer value but also contribute to environmental pollution in the form of off-site deposition. Quantifying the magnitude of ammonia fluxes is therefore of great interest because of economical and environmental aspects. Two factors make ammonia flux measurements particularly challenging: (i) ammonium in particulate phase often interferes with gas phase ammonia and (ii) ammonia is easily adsorbed on surfaces. Due to the lack of a suitable fast-response ammonia sensor, we decided to explore the feasibility of using denuder tubes with the relaxed eddy-accumulation technique (REA) for measuring ammonia fluxes. In the spring of 1996, the REA technique was successfully used to measure ammonia fluxes over a corn field after urea application. The denuder tubes, coated with oxalic acid, were used at the inlet of the REA system to trap ammonia in air. During the 23 days of measurements, ammonia emission rates ranged from 1 to 1023 ng NH3 m-2 s-1, and deposition rates ranged from 2 to 106 ng NH3 m-2 s-1. As expected, daytime observations show that the ammonia fluxes are highly correlated with solar radiation.
Unipept: Tryptic Peptide-Based Biodiversity Analysis of Metaproteome Samples (2012)

The Unipept web application (http://unipept.ugent.be) supports biodiversity analysis of large and complex metaproteome samples using tryptic peptide information obtained from shotgun MS/MS experiments. Its underlying index structure is designed to quickly retrieve all occurrences of a tryptic peptide in UniProtKB records. Taxon-specificity of the tryptic peptide is successively derived from these occurrences using a novel lowest common ancestor approach that is robust against taxonomic misarrangements, misidentifications, and inaccuracies. Not taking into account this identification noise would otherwise result in drastic loss of information. Dynamic treemaps visualize the biodiversity of metaproteome samples, which eases the exploration of samples with highly complex compositions. The potential of Unipept to gain novel insights into the biodiversity of a sample is evaluated by reanalyzing publicly available metaproteome data sets taken from the bacterial phyllosphere and the human gut.
Sumatriptan in Acute Migraine Using a Novel Cartridge System Self‐Injector (1994)

This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study assessed the efficacy, acceptability, safety, and tolerability of subcutaneous sumatriptan 6 mg administered using a novel cartridge system self-injector for the acute treatment of migraine. Eighty-six patients treated one migraine attack at home with sumatriptan or placebo. A second identical injection was available after 1 hour for inadequate relief or if the headache recurred. Rescue medication was available 1 hour later. The primary end point was headache relief (improvement in headache from moderate or severe to mild or no pain) within 60 minutes of the first injection. Secondary end points included the acceptability of the self-injector, requirement for and efficacy of a second dose, relief of nonheadache symptoms, use of rescue medication, and adverse events. Significantly more patients taking sumatriptan than placebo reported headache relief 1 hour after the first injection (88% vs 11%, P < 0.001). The device was well accepted by patients; about 90% found it easy to use and wanted to take further medication using it. Significantly fewer patients taking sumatriptan than placebo required a second injection (33% vs 92%, P < 0.001) or rescue medication after the second injection (35% vs 67% P < 0.05). Significantly more patients taking sumatriptan than placebo reported headache relief after the second injection (83% vs 32%, P < 0.01), and resolution of nonheadache migraine symptoms (54% vs 23%, P < 0.01). Sumatriptan was generally well tolerated. Subcutaneous sumatriptan 6 mg self-administered using the novel self-injector is an effective, well accepted, and well tolerated acute treatment of migraine.
Mobility-Aware Edge Caching For Connected Cars (2016)

Content caching on the edge of 5G networks is an emerging and critical feature to support the thirst for content of future connected cars. Yet, the compactization of 5G cells, the finite edge storage capacity and the need for content availability while driving motivate the need to develop smart edge caching strategies adapted to the mobility characteristics of connected cars. In this paper, we propose a Mobility-Aware Probabilistic (MAP) scheme, which optimally caches content at edge nodes where connected vehicles mostly require it. Unlike blind popularity decisions, the probabilistic caching used by MAP considers<br> vehicular trajectory predictions as well as content service time by edge nodes. We evaluate our approach on realistic mobility datasets and against popularity-based edge approaches. Our MAP edge caching scheme provides up to 40% enhanced content availability, 70% increased cache throughput, and 40% reduced backhaul overhead compared to popularity-based strategies.
Localization of cellular transglutaminase on the extracellular matrix after wounding: Characteristics of the matrix bound enzyme (1991)

Extending our previous observation that tissue transglutaminase (TGase) binds to extracellular matrix (ECM) fibronectin, we report here that endogenous tissue TGase is localized on the adjacent ECM after puncture wounding embryonic human lung fibroblasts (WI-38). The bound TGase persisted at the wound site for many hours, demonstrated by immunofluorescence and by catalytic activity using an overlay assay. The binding characteristics of TGase with ECM were studied further by the addition of exogenous TGase to cell monolayers and monitoring by immunofluorescence or overlay catalytic activity assays. Binding occurred equally well at 4 degrees C or 37 degrees C. Prior incubation of exogenous TGase with guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP), guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP), or adenosine triphosphate (ATP) had little effect on the amount bound to matrix, but prior treatment with calcium, magnesium, strontium, or manganese ions enhanced binding 2- to 3-fold. The Ca(++)-dependent change was a concentration-dependent effect on soluble exogenous TGase, rather than an effect on ECM. Immunofluorescent techniques showed that binding of exogenous TGase to ECM was prevented by prior mixing with fibronectin or collagen, but not with several other ECM components, including laminin, elastin, chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid. ECM-bound TGase was released by 2 M potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) treatment but was not released by treatment with a variety of amino acids, salts, reducing agents, glycerol, or other chaotropic agents.
Follicular Dendritic Cells Activate HIV-1 Replication in Monocytes/Macrophages through a Juxtacrine Mechanism Mediated by P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand 1 (2009)

Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are located in the lymphoid follicles of secondary lymphoid tissues and play a pivotal role in the selection of memory B lymphocytes within the germinal center, a major site for HIV-1 infection. Germinal centers are composed of highly activated B cells, macrophages, CD4(+)T cells, and FDCs. However, the physiological role of FDCs in HIV-1 replication remains largely unknown. We demonstrate in our current study that FDCs can efficiently activate HIV-1 replication in latently infected monocytic cells via an intercellular communication network mediated by the P-selectin/P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) interaction. Upon coculture with FDCs, HIV-1 replication was significantly induced in infected monocytic cell lines, primary monocytes, or macrophages. These cocultures were found to synergistically induce the expression of P-selectin in FDCs via NF-kappaB activation and its cognate receptor PSGL-1 in HIV-1-infected cells. Consistent with this observation, we find that this response is significantly blocked by antagonistic Abs against PSGL-1 and almost completely inhibited by PSGL-1 small interfering RNA. Moreover, a selective inhibitor for Syk, which is a downstream effector of PSGL-1, blocked HIV-1 replication in our cultures. We have thus elucidated a novel regulatory mechanism in which FDCs are a potent positive bystander that facilitates HIV-1 replication in adjacent infected monocytic cells via a juxtacrine signaling mechanism.
Hemin inhibits cyclin D1 and IGF-1 expression via STAT5b under hypoxia in ERα-negative MDA-MB 231 breast cancer cells (2010)

Cyclin D1 and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) are key regulators of cell proliferation that are overexpressed in most breast cancers. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism by which hemin exerts its inhibitory effects on aggressive breast cancer cells. We found that hemin regulates cyclin D1 and IGF-1R proteins and insulin-like growth factor-1 gene expression through STAT5b in breast cancer cells. We confirmed that STAT5b, cyclin D1, and IGF-1R is up-regulated by hypoxia, and the increased STAT5b binds strongly to the STAT5-binding sites contained within the distal 5'-flanking region of IGF-1 gene in breast cancer cells. EMSA studies showed that STAT5 binding activity to the IGF-1 and cyclin D1 promoter was distinctly decreased by hemin in STAT5b-transfected COS-7 or MDA-MB 231 cells. IGF-1 gene expression was also decreased by hemin in mammary epithelial cells. STAT5b expression was inhibited in siRNA experiments and by hemin, leading to decreased levels of IGF-1. These results provide a basis for molecular targets in cancer treatment via the STAT5b/IGF-1 or /cyclin D1 pathway in solid tumor cells. These data indicate that hemin inhibits the cyclin D1 and IGF-1 expression via STAT5b under hypoxia in ERalpha-negative breast cancer cells. These findings are valuable toward understanding the role of hemin-induced inhibition of cyclin D1 and IGF-1 expression under hypoxia in invasive and metastatic breast cancer.
Spectral Radiative Heat Transfer Analysis of the Planar SOFC (2005)

Thermo-mechanical failure of components in planar-type solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) depends strongly on the local temperature gradients at the interfaces of different materials. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to accurately predict the temperature fields within the stack, especially near the interfaces. Because of elevated operating temperatures (of the order of 1000K or even higher), radiation heat transfer could become a dominant mode of heat transfer in the SOFCs. In this study, we extend our recent work on radiative effects in solid oxide fuel cells [J. Power Sources, 124, No. 2, pp. 453–458] by accounting for the spectral dependence of the radiative properties of the electrolyte material. The measurements of spectral radiative properties of the polycrystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia electrolyte we performed indicate that an optically thin approximation can be used for treatment of radiative heat transfer. To this end, the Schuster–Schwartzchild two-flux approximation is used to solve the radiative transfer equation for the spectral radiative heat flux, which is then integrated over the entire spectrum using an N-band approximation to obtain the total heat flux due to thermal radiation. The divergence of the total radiative heat flux is then incorporated as a heat sink into a three-dimensional thermo-fluid model of a SOFC through the user-defined function utility in the commercial FLUENT computational fluid dynamics software. The results of sample calculations are reported and compared against the base line cases when no radiation effects are included and when the spectrally gray approximation is used for treatment of radiative heat transfer.
Discrimination of haploid and diploid maize kernels via multispectral imaging (2017)

Abstract The use of doubled haploids ( DH s) in maize has become ubiquitous in maize breeding programmes as it allows breeders to go from cross to evaluation in as little as 2 years. Two important aspects of the in vivo DH system used in maize are as follows: (i) the identification of haploid progeny and (ii) doubling of the haploid genome to produce fertile inbred lines. This study is focused on the first step. Currently, identification of maize haploid progeny is performed manually using the R1‐nj seed colour marker. This is a labour‐intensive and time‐consuming process; a method for automated sorting of haploids would increase the efficiency of DH line development. In this study, six inbred lines were crossed with the maternal haploid inducer ‘ RWS / RWK ‐76’ and a sample of seed was sorted manually for each line. Using the VideometerLab 3 system, spectral imaging techniques were applied to discriminate between haploids and hybrids. Using DNA markers to confirm the haploid/diploid state of the tested seed, for the majority of genotypes haploid identification was possible with over 50% accuracy.