gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Induction of potent systemic anti-melanoma immunity through intratumoral CD40 activation and checkpoint blockade (2015)

Meeting abstracts Agonistic CD40 antibodies generate strong tumor specific CD8 T cell response and anti-tumor activity; however systemic anti-CD40 therapy has been associated with cytokine release syndrome and liver toxicity. We studied the anti-melanoma activity and mechanism of action of a
Thermoelectric properties of the Ca<sub>5</sub>Al<sub>2−x</sub>In<sub>x</sub>Sb<sub>6</sub>solid solution (2014)

Zintl phases are attractive for thermoelectric applications due to their complex structures and bonding environments. The Zintl compounds Ca(5)Al(2)In(x)Sb(6)and Ca(5)Al(2)In(x)Sb(6) have both been shown to have promising thermoelectric properties, with zT values of 0.6 and 0.7, respectively, when doped to control the carrier concentration. Alloying can often be used to further improve thermoelectric materials in cases when the decrease in lattice thermal conductivity outweighs reductions to the electronic mobility. Here we present the high temperature thermoelectric properties of the Ca(5)Al(2-x)In(x)Sb(6)solid solution. Undoped and optimally Zn-doped samples were investigated. X-ray diffraction confirms that a full solid solution exists between the Al and In end-members. We find that the Al : In ratio does not greatly influence the carrier concentration or Seebeck effect. The primary effect of alloying is thus increased scattering of both charge carriers and phonons, leading to significantly reduced electronic mobility and lattice thermal conductivity at room temperature. Ultimately, the figure of merit is unaffected by alloying in this system, due to the competing effects of reduced mobility and lattice thermal conductivity.
Rapid Flow‐Based Peptide Synthesis (2014)

A flow-based solid-phase peptide synthesis methodology that enables the incorporation of an amino acid residue every 1.8 min under automatic control or every 3 min under manual control is described. This is accomplished by passing a stream of reagent through a heat exchanger into a low volume, low backpressure reaction vessel, and through a UV detector. These features enable continuous delivery of heated solvents and reagents to the solid support at high flow rate, thereby maintaining maximal concentration of reagents in the reaction vessel, quickly exchanging reagents, and eliminating the need to rapidly heat reagents after they have been added to the vessel. The UV detector enables continuous monitoring of the process. To demonstrate the broad applicability and reliability of this method, it was employed in the total synthesis of a small protein, as well as dozens of peptides. The quality of the material obtained with this method is comparable to that for traditional batch methods, and, in all cases, the desired material was readily purifiable by RP-HPLC. The application of this method to the synthesis of the 113-residue Bacillus amyloliquefaciens RNase and the 130-residue DARPin pE59 is described in the accompanying manuscript.
BACE1 (β-secretase) inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (2014)

BACE1 (β-secretase, memapsin 2, Asp2) has emerged as a promising target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. BACE1 is an aspartic protease which functions in the first step of the pathway leading to the production and deposition of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ). Its gene deletion showed only mild phenotypes. BACE1 inhibition has direct implications in the Alzheimer's disease pathology without largely affecting viability. However, inhibiting BACE1 selectively in vivo has presented many challenges to medicinal chemists. Since its identification in 2000, inhibitors covering many different structural classes have been designed and developed. These inhibitors can be largely classified as either peptidomimetic or non-peptidic inhibitors. Progress in these fields resulted in inhibitors that contain many targeted drug-like characteristics. In this review, we describe structure-based design strategies and evolution of a wide range of BACE1 inhibitors including compounds that have been shown to reduce brain Aβ, rescue the cognitive decline in transgenic AD mice and inhibitor drug candidates that are currently in clinical trials.
Thin-film chemical sensors with waveguide Zeeman interferometry (1998)

We describe a highly sensitive chemical sensor scheme using a channel waveguide with a selective surface coating based on polarimetric Zeeman interferometry. The sensing is based on measurement of the phase difference between TE and TM modes propagating in the anisotropic waveguide structure under exposure to toluene vapour. A real-time and reversible response at low ppm level is observed. Modelling results of the sensor structure to further increase its sensitivity are presented.
Structure−Activity Relationship of Kahalalide F Synthetic Analogues (2008)

Kahalalide F (KF) is a natural product currently under phase II clinical trials. Here, we report the solid phase synthesis of 132 novel analogues of kahalalide F and their in vitro activity on a panel of up to 14 cancer cell lines. The structure-activity relationship of these analogues revealed that KF is highly sensitive to backbone stereotopical modification but not to side chain size modification. These observations suggest that this compound has a defined conformational structure and also that it interacts with chiral compounds through its backbone and not through its side chains. The N-terminal aliphatic acid appears to be a hydrophobic buoy in a membrane-like environment. Moreover, significant improvement of the in vitro activity was achieved.
Key Technologies and New Developments of Next Generation Video Coding Standard HEVC (2013)

HEVC(High Efficient Video Coding) becomes the hot area in the world's leading research institutions, since the ITU-T/VCEG and ISO-IEC/MPEG two international standards organization proposed the next generation video coding standard. The main purpose of HEVC is to reduce 50% bit rate for equal perceptual video quality relative to the existing standard, and service for the HD/ultra HD and 3d video encoding. Comparing the existing standard, this article provides the overview of HEVC, introduces the new technologies and features about HEVC coding data structure, improvement and new technologies to the existing standard, and draws the conclusion about the key technologies and future research directions of HEVC at the end.
Detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in urine specimens from women by ligase chain reaction (1995)

The performance of a plasmid-based ligase chain reaction (LCR) with urine specimens was compared with those of cell culture of cervical swabs and enzyme immunoassay with urine specimens for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women who had attended a family planning clinic. The prevalence of chlamydial infection determined by LCR was 3.1%. Discrepant results among the three assays were resolved by testing urine by a second LCR assay based on the C. trachomatis chromosomal gene encoding the major outer membrane protein. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for the cell cultures were 56.3, 100, 100, and 98.4%, respectively, whereas those for the enzyme immunoassay were 18.8, 100, 100, and 97.1%, respectively, and those for LCR were 87.5, 100, 100, and 99.5%, respectively. LCR thus provides a highly sensitive and specific noninvasive screening method for detecting genital chlamydial infections in women.
Disabling RFID tags with visible confirmation (2005)

Existing solutions to protect consumer privacy in RFID either put the burden on the consumer or suffer from the very limited capabilities of today's RFID tags. We propose the use of physical RFID tag structures that permit a consumer to disable a tag by mechanically altering the tag in such a way that the ability of a reader to interrogate the RFID tag by wireless mean is inhibited. In "clipped tags", consumers can physically separate the body (chip) from the head (antenna) in an intuitive way. Such a separation provides visual confirmation that the tag has been deactivated. However, a physical contact channel may be used later to reactivate it. Such a reactivation would require deliberate actions on the part of the owner of the RFID tag to permit the reactivation to take place. Thus reactivation could not be undertaken without the owner's knowledge unless the item were either stolen or left unattended. This mechanism enables controlled reuse after purchase, making clipped tags superior to other RFID privacy-enhancing technologies.
Imaging Proteins in Membranes of Living Cells by High‐Resolution Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (2006)

Do not touch! The surface of a living cell is soft and responsive and therefore high-resolution imaging of the cell membrane has not been possible to date. Now noncontact imaging of protein complexes in the plasma membrane of living cells has been demonstrated (see picture) and has been used to follow the cells' structural reorganization. This breakthrough opens up a wealth of new experiments in membrane and cell biology. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z503915_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Rapid and Sensitive Kinetic Assay for Characterization of ω-Transaminases (2009)

For the biocatalytic preparation of optically active amines, omega-transaminases (omega-TA) are of special interest since they allow the asymmetric synthesis starting from prostereogenic ketones with 100% yield. To facilitate the purification and characterization of novel omega-TA, a fast kinetic assay was developed based on the conversion of the widely used model substrate alpha-methylbenzylamine, which is commonly accepted by most of the known omega-TAs. The product from this reaction, acetophenone, can be detected spectrophotometrically at 245 nm with high sensitivity (epsilon = 12 mM(-1) cm(-1)), since the other reactants show only a low absorbance. Besides the standard substrate pyruvate, all low-absorbing ketones, aldehydes, or keto acids can be used as cosubstrates, and thus the amino acceptor specificity of a given omega-TA can be obtained quickly. Furthermore, the assay allows the fast investigation of enzymatic properties like pH and temperature optimum and stability. This method was used for the characterization of a novel omega-TA cloned from Rhodobacter sphaeroides, and the data obtained were in excellent accordance with a standard capillary electrophoresis assay.
Cloning and Expression in<i>Escherichia coli</i>of a Gene Coding for a Secondary Alcohol Dehydrogenase from<i>Candida parapsilosis</i> (1999)

A gene encoding a stereo-specific secondary alcohol dehydrogenase (CpSADH) that catalyzed the oxidation of (S)-1,3-BDO to 4-hydroxy-2-butanone was cloned from Candida parapsilosis. This CpSADH-gene consisted of 1,009 nucleotides coding for a protein with M(r) 35,964. A recombinant Escherichia coli JM109 strain harboring the expression plasmid, pKK-CPA1, produced (R)-1,3-BDO (93.5% ee., 94.7% yield) from the racemate without any additive to regenerate NAD+ from NADH.
Development of <scp>P</scp> assive <scp>I</scp> mmunotherapies for <scp>S</scp> ynucleinopathies (2015)

Immunotherapy using antibodies targeting alpha-synuclein has proven to be an effective strategy for ameliorating pathological and behavioral deficits induced by excess pathogenic alpha-synuclein in various animal and/or cellular models. However, the process of selecting the anti-alpha-synuclein antibody with the best potential to treat synucleinopathies in humans is not trivial. Critical to this process is a better understanding of the pathological processes involved in the synucleinopathies and how antibodies are able to influence these. We will give an overview of the first proof-of-concept studies in rodent disease models and discuss challenges associated with developing antibodies against alpha-synuclein resulting from the distribution and structural characteristics of the protein. We will also provide a status on the passive immunization approaches targeting alpha-synuclein that have entered, or are expected to enter, clinical evaluation.
Multi-Project System-on-Chip (MP-SoC): A Novel Test Vehicle for SoC Silicon Prototyping (2006)

In this paper, we propose a novel SoC design methodology referred to as multi-project system-on-a-chip (MP-SoC), which can integrate multiple heterogeneous SoC design projects into a single chip such that the total silicon prototyping cost for these projects can be greatly reduced due to the sharing of a common SoC platform. The design flows for the system architecture, individual IP blocks, as well as the logic and physical implementations of MP-SoC are explored. The isolation mechanism to prevent interference among the IPs and the arbitration mechanism to grant the bus usage for master IPs are also presented. A test chip named MP-SoC-l that includes 8 SoC projects from 4 universities was selected as a demonstration example for verifying the MP-SoC design concept. This chip is designed and implemented in TSMC 0.13 mum CMOS generic logic process technology, and the total silicon area for MP-SoC-l test chip is 4950 mum x 4938 mum. Experimental results of MP-SoC-l test chip show that all projects are successfully implemented in the common platform and 82.91% silicon area is saved with this MP- SoC methodology as compared with the case where multiple SoC projects are fabricated individually.
Appendix: Production and Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody to Distinguish Human Pancreatic and Salivary Amylase (1985)

Journal Article Appendix: Production and Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody to Distinguish Human Pancreatic and Salivary Amylase Get access David E Bruns, David E Bruns Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David C Benjamin David C Benjamin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 31, Issue 8, 1 August 1985, Pages 1286–1288, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/31.8.1286 Published: 01 August 1985
Adenosine acts as a chemoprotective agent by stimulating G-CSF production: A role for A1 and A3 adenosine receptors (2000)

Adenosine, a ubiquitous nucleoside, is released into the extracellular environment from metabolically active or stressed cells. It binds to cells through specific A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 G-protein–associated cell-surface receptors, thus acting as a signal-transduction molecule by regulating the levels of adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C. In this study, we showed that adenosine stimulates the proliferation of murine bone marrow cells in vitro. Pharmacological studies, using antagonists to the adenosine receptors, revealed that this activity was mediated through the binding of adenosine to its A1 and A3 receptors. This result was further corroborated by showing that the two selective A1 and A3 receptor agonists, N-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) and 1-deoxy-1-[6-[[(3-iodophenyl)methyl]amino]-9H-purin-9-yl]-N-methyl-β-D-ribofuranuronamide (IB-MECA) respectively, induced bone marrow cell proliferation in a manner similar to adenosine. Adenosine's interaction with its A1 and A3 receptors induced G-CSF production, which led to its stimulatory effect on bone marrow cells. These results were confirmed in vivo when we demonstrated that low-dose adenosine (0.25 mg/kg) acted as a chemoprotective agent. When administered after chemotherapy, it restored the number of leukocytes and neutrophils to normal levels, compared with the decline in these parameters after chemotherapy alone. It is suggested that low-dose adenosine, already in clinical use, may also be applied as a chemoprotective agent. J. Cell. Physiol. 183:393–398, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Design and performance of a 4.0 kbit/s speech coder based on frequency-domain interpolation (2002)

The 4.0 kbit/s speech codec described is based on a frequency domain interpolative (FDI) coding technique, which belongs to the class of prototype waveform interpolation (PWI) coding techniques. The codec also has an integrated voice activity detector (VAD) and a noise reduction capability. The input signal is subjected to LPC analysis and the prediction residual is separated into a slowly evolving waveform (SEW) and a rapidly evolving waveform (REW) component. The SEW magnitude component is quantized using a hierarchical predictive vector quantization approach. The REW magnitude is quantized using a gain and a sub-band based shape. The SEW and REW phases are derived at the decoder using a phase model, based on a transmitted measure of voice periodicity. The spectral (LSP) parameters are quantized using a combination of scalar and vector quantizers. The 4.0 kbits/s coder has an algorithmic delay of 60 ms and an estimated floating point complexity of 21.5 MIPS. The performance of this coder has been evaluated using in-house MOS tests under various conditions such as background noise, channel errors, self-tandem, and DTX mode of operation, and has been shown to be statistically equivalent to ITU-T G.729 8 kbps codec across all conditions tested.
A randomized controlled trial of a smoking cessation smartphone application with a carbon monoxide checker (2020)

Evidence of the long-term efficacy of digital therapies for smoking cessation that include a smartphone application (app) is limited. In this multi-center randomized controlled trial, we tested the efficacy of a novel digital therapy for smoking cessation: the "CureApp Smoking Cessation (CASC)" system, including a CASC smartphone app, a web-based patient management PC software for primary physicians, and a mobile exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) checker. A total of 584 participants with nicotine dependence were recruited from October 2017 to January 2018, and allocated 1:1 to the CASC intervention group or the control group. Both groups received a standard smoking cessation treatment with pharmacotherapy and counseling for 12 weeks. Meanwhile, the intervention group used the CASC system, and the control group used a control-app without a mobile CO checker, each for 24 weeks. The primary outcome was the biochemically validated continuous abstinence rate (CAR) from weeks 9 to 24. The main secondary outcome was an extended CAR from weeks 9 to 52. Except for 12 participants who did not download or use the apps, 285 participants were assigned to the intervention group, and 287, to the control. CAR from weeks 9 to 24 in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (63.9% vs. 50.5%; odds ratio [OR], 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24 to 2.42; <i>P</i> = 0.001). The CAR from weeks 9 to 52 was also higher in the intervention group than that in the control group (52.3% vs. 41.5%; OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.16; <i>P</i> = 0.010). No specific adverse events caused by the CASC system were reported. Augmenting standard face-to-face counseling and pharmacotherapy with a novel smartphone app, the CASC system significantly improved long-term CARs compared to standard treatment and a minimally supportive control app.
A tri-state body charge modulated SOI sense amplifier (2002)

We present a tri-state dynamic body charge modulation technique for sense and differential amplifiers in SOI technology. To execute a RAM read function, sensing devices are designed to cycle through three distinctive (i.e., high body bias, floating body, and low body bias) states. This technique delivers high speed sensing, good matching characteristics, and low standby leakage simultaneously, and, therefore, is suitable for low-power high-performance applications.
Expanding a tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase assay to other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (2015)

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the attachment of amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. In general, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase assays require stoichiometric amounts of tRNA, which limits their sensitivity while increasing their cost. This requirement for stoichiometric amounts of tRNA can be alleviated if the aminoacyl-tRNA product is cleaved following the tRNA aminoacylation reaction, regenerating the free tRNA substrate. This data article is related to the research article entitled "A continuous tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase assay that regenerates the tRNA substrate" in which this approach is used to develop a continuous spectrophotometric assay for tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase [1]. Here we present enzymes that can be used to cleave the aminoacyl-tRNA product for at least 16 of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. These enzymes can be used to extend the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase assay to other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
Topological insulator laser: Experiments (2018)

Physical systems exhibiting topological invariants are naturally endowed with robustness against perturbations, as manifested in topological insulators-materials exhibiting robust electron transport, immune from scattering by defects and disorder. Recent years have witnessed intense efforts toward exploiting these phenomena in photonics. Here we demonstrate a nonmagnetic topological insulator laser system exhibiting topologically protected transport in the cavity. Its topological properties give rise to single-mode lasing, robustness against defects, and considerably higher slope efficiencies compared to the topologically trivial counterparts. We further exploit the properties of active topological platforms by assembling the system from <i>S</i>-chiral microresonators, enforcing predetermined unidirectional lasing without magnetic fields. This work paves the way toward active topological devices with exciting properties and functionalities.
Self-regulated 1-butanol production in Escherichia coli based on the endogenous fermentative control (2016)

Here, we successfully engineered a self-regulated 1-butanol fermentation system in <i>E. coli</i> based on the natural regulation of fermentation reactions. This work also demonstrated the effectiveness of selection pressure based on redox balance anaerobically. Results obtained from this study may help enhance the industrial relevance of 1-butanol synthesis using <i>E. coli</i> and solidifies the possibility of strain improvement by directed evolution.
Detecting leaks in plastic pipes (2000)

Commercial leak‐noise correlators were generally able to locate leaks in plastic pipe, but modifications could increase their effectiveness. Water utilities commonly use acoustic equipment to locate leaks. Although acoustic equipment is generally considered satisfactory for metallic pipes, its application to plastic pipes could be problematic. This study found that leaks in plastic pipes could be located using acoustic techniques; however, there were several difficulties. Professional leak detection teams using leak noise correlators rarely succeeded in locating leaks because the frequency range selected automatically by correlators (or manually by operators) was usually too high. The frequency content of leak signals from plastic pipes was mostly below 50 Hz. Listening devices were ineffective unless they were used very close to leaks. Acoustic leak detection methods can be made more effective by revising the automatic‐mode algorithms of correlators, using finely tunable noise filters, and measuring leak signals with hydrophones or highly sensitive vibration sensors. Nonacoustic methods such as radar, thermography, and tracer gases, appear promising.
Tailoring the response of stimulated Brillouin scattering in fibers (2017)

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) limits the amount of light per unit bandwidth that can be transmitted down or generated in an optical fiber. As such, it typically has the lowest threshold of all the nonlinear processes in narrow line-width systems and is a major limitation in the scaling fiber lasers to higher powers. This paper describes how thoughtful consideration of the materials from which the fibers are made can have marked effects on SBS mitigation; more so than achievable through complex microstructuring of the optical fiber.