gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Ile to Met polymorphism in the catalytic domain of adenylyl cyclase type 9 confers reduced ??2-adrenergic receptor stimulation (2003)

Adenylyl cyclase (AC) mediates signalling following activation of Gαs-coupled receptors such as the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR). Genetic variation in the receptor component of this pathway can alter signal transduction and the response to β-agonists in asthma, but little is known about downstream effectors. Here, we characterize the population genomics and signalling effects of a polymorphism within the coding region of the AC9 gene that results in an Ile to Met substitution at amino acid 772 within the C1b region of the enzyme. Allele frequencies were 0.300 and 0.375 in Caucasians and Asians but were lower in African-Americans (0.163). The functional effects were studied in stably transfected HEK293 cells recombinantly expressing equivalent levels of wild-type (Ile772) and polymorphic (Met772) AC9. The polymorphic substitution results in a loss of function compared to wild-type AC9. Met772 AC9 has lower basal and β2AR-mediated adenylyl cyclase activities compared to Ile772 AC9, as well as reduced activity following stimulation of Gαs by NaF. Direct stimulation of AC9 activity by Mn2± was also depressed in Met772 membranes, indicating decreased catalytic function, consistent with the location of residue 772. AC9 mRNA and protein were expressed in multiple human lung cell-types, including airway smooth muscle and airway epithelium. In the treatment of asthma, there is marked heterogeneity in the response to inhaled β-agonists which is associated with polymorphisms of the β2AR. Identification of a common AC9 variant that confers reduced enzyme activity reveals an additional polymorphism that should be considered in pharmacogenetic studies of β-agonist therapy of asthma.
Infrared Thermometry for Scheduling Irrigation of Corn<sup>1</sup> (1982)

Abstract Irrigation scheduling is an increasingly important practice in the management of valuable water resources in agricultural regions. The study reported here was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of scheduling irrigation in corn ( Zea mays L.) using canopy temperature data obtained with a hand‐held infrared thermometer (IRT). Specific objectives of the study were: 1) to determine whether irrigations can be scheduled from crop canopy temperature data and 2) to evaluate the effectiveness of various canopy temperature irrigation scheduling methods through their effects on some plant responses and the soil water balance. The study was conducted at the Sandhills Agricultural Laboratory located near Tryon, Neb. The soil at the site is classified as a Typic Ustipsamment (Valentine fine sand). The range in temperature of six readings made with an IRT—defined as the canopy temperature variability (CTV)—in a fully irrigated reference plot (WW) was less than 0.7 C. As the temperature difference between a water‐stressed plot and the WW plot increased so did CTV values until a critical stress level was reached beyond which CTV values stabilized. The onset of water stress can, therefore, be signaled when CTV values exceed 0.7 C. Observations of CTV were the basis for one type of irrigation scheduling procedure. Irrigation was initiated when the range of six measurments in a plot exceeded 0.7 C. A second procedure consisted of comparing the difference between the average canopy temperature of the well‐watered plot (WW) with that of the plot to be scheduled. Irrigations were initiated when plot temperatures became either 1.0 (1SMW; SWM = Stressed Minus Well‐watered) or 3.0 C (3SMW) warmer than the well‐watered plot. A total of 283 mm of irrigation water was applied to the WW plot whereas the CTV plot received 127 mm. By the end of the growing season almost all available water had been extracted from the soil in the temperature scheduled plots but the soil profile remained near field capacity in the WW plot. This suggests that during the growing season soil water was most effectively used in the temperature scheduled plots. Grain yields ( Y ) were reduced in the order of increasing water stress as follows: Y WW > Y CTV > Y 1SMW > Y 3SMW > Y DL Y DL is the yield from a dryland (DL) plot which received no supplemental irrigation. Yields of grain in the CTV treatment were slightly lower than in the WW plot, but not significantly so. This suggests that plants in the CTV plot received adequate water. Grain yields in the other temperature‐scheduled plots were significantly reduced below those of the WW plot. However, only about 50 to 60 mm of irrigation water were applied to these plots.
Metal requirements of Legionella pneumophila (1981)

Serial passage of six strains of Legionella pneumophila and one strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a liquid chemically defined medium deficient in trace metals resulted in the death of five L. pneumophila strains and very limited growth in the remaining strain and the P. aeruginosa strain. Addition of either iron or magnesium restored growth to almost normal levels in all of the strains when early-passage inocula were used. A low concentration of magnesium stimulated growth with cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, or zinc. When a complete defined medium containing trace metals was used, growth was inhibited by adding the chelators ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, citrate, or 2,2'-bipyridyl. Chelator inhibition was partly or fully relieved with either calcium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, or zinc. P. aeruginosa differed from L. pneumophila in that it required higher concentrations of each chelator to inhibit growth and that its growth was stimulated by only four metals: calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc. A trace-metal supplement for L. pneumophila was designed which included all metals stimulating growth in these experiments and which proved to be sufficient for optimal growth of all the strains.
×pipesCompiler: a tool for instantiating application specific networks on chip (2004)

Future systems on chips (SoCs) will integrate a large number of processor and storage cores onto a single chip and require networks on chip (NoC) to support the heavy communication demands of the system. The individual components of the SoCs will be heterogeneous in nature with widely varying functionality and communication requirements. The communication infrastructure should optimally match communication patterns among these components accounting for the individual component needs. In this paper we present /spl times/pipesCompiler, a tool for automatically instantiating an application-specific NoC for heterogeneous multi-processor SoCs. The /spl times/pipesCompiler instantiates a network of building blocks from a library of composable soft macros (switches, network interfaces and links) described in SystemC at the cycle-accurate level. The network components are optimized for that particular network and support reliable, latency-insensitive operation. Example systems with application-specific NoCs built using the /spl times/pipesCompiler show large savings in area (factor of 6.5), power (factor of 2.4) and latency (factor of 1.42) when compared to a general-purpose mesh-based NoC architecture.
Survival of <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> in root canals <i>ex vivo</i> (2005)

Enterococcus faecalis inoculated into root canals maintained viability for 12-months ex vivo. The clinical implications are that viable E. faecalis entombed at the time of root filling could provide a long-term nidus for subsequent infection.
Design of Fast Steering Mirror systems for precision laser beams steering (2008)

Precision laser beam steering is critical in numerous applications, such as military, biomedical and industrial. Precise pointing of laser beams is particularly essential in challenging environments. The optical signal may break and wander due to environmental influences. The core problem of steering performances is to deal with the jitter disturbance. Based on the analysis of principle of angle beam steering system, some important factors to design the structure of Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) and the layout of laser optics steering system are presented. In laser beam applications, FSM presents more challenges in terms of the need for extremely precise pointing between two sources involved in the link. Flexure hinges with compliant mechanisms, with several advantages over classical rotational joints, are used to build the FSM structure. In precise laser beam steering it is necessary to steer a laser beam to a target and maintain the alignment with extreme precision over long periods of time. To make the system effective, a 4-quadrant detector has been used as the sensor for the incoming light. A design of the developed control loop and concepts for the experimental setup are discussed. A laser beam jitter control test bed is also introduced to improve jitter control techniques.
Dampening high frequency noise in high performance microprocessor packaging (2005)

In high performance microprocessors, power supply noise needs to be controlled to ensure reliable high speed bus operation. This is generally done with high quality package capacitors and on die capacitance. These capacitors are generally lower equivalent series inductance (ESL) and lower equivalent series resistor (ESR). Because the ESL is not zero, die capacitance is required to reduce the impact of this ESL on the power supply noise. Alternatively, in this paper, we present a novel approach of using an on-die metal resistor in series with the package capacitance to dampen the high frequency noise. We show by validation on the 90 nm technology that this technique is capable of reducing the noise by nearly 80% without adversely affecting the bus speed.
Reevaluation of telomerase inhibition by quadruplex ligands and their mechanisms of action (2007)

Quadruplex ligands are often considered as telomerase inhibitors. Given the fact that some of these molecules are present in the clinical setting, it is important to establish the validity of this assertion. To analyze the effects of these compounds, we used a direct assay with telomerase-enriched extracts. The comparison of potent ligands from various chemical families revealed important differences in terms of effects on telomerase initiation and processivity. Although most quadruplex ligands may lock a quadruplex-prone sequence into a quadruplex structure that inhibits the initiation of elongation by telomerase, the analysis of telomerase-elongation steps revealed that only a few molecules interfered with the processivity of telomerase (i.e., inhibit elongation once one or more repeats have been incorporated). The demonstration that these molecules are actually more effective inhibitors of telomeric DNA amplification than extension by telomerase contributes to the already growing suspicion that quadruplex ligands are not simple telomerase inhibitors but, rather, constitute a different class of biologically active molecules. We also demonstrate that the popular telomeric repeat amplification protocol is completely inappropriate for the determination of telomerase inhibition by quadruplex ligands, even when PCR controls are included. As a consequence, the inhibitory effect of many quadruplex ligands has been overestimated.
Applying NLP techniques to malware detection in a practical environment (2021)

Abstract Executable files still remain popular to compromise the endpoint computers. These executable files are often obfuscated to avoid anti-virus programs. To examine all suspicious files from the Internet, dynamic analysis requires too much time. Therefore, a fast filtering method is required. With the recent development of natural language processing (NLP) techniques, printable strings became more effective to detect malware. The combination of the printable strings and NLP techniques can be used as a filtering method. In this paper, we apply NLP techniques to malware detection. This paper reveals that printable strings with NLP techniques are effective for detecting malware in a practical environment. Our dataset consists of more than 500,000 samples obtained from multiple sources. Our experimental results demonstrate that our method is effective to not only subspecies of the existing malware, but also new malware. Our method is effective against packed malware and anti-debugging techniques.
Targeting MET for glioma therapy (2014)

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and most lethal of all primary brain tumors. Even with the standard therapy, life expectancy is still poor, with an average survival of approximately 14 months following initial diagnosis. Hence, there is an urgent need for novel treatment strategies that inhibit proliferation and angiogenesis in high-grade gliomas. One such strategy consists of inhibiting receptor tyrosine kinases, including MET and/or its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Because of their widespread involvement in human cancer, HGF and MET have emerged as promising therapeutic targets, and some inhibitory agents that target them have already entered clinical trials. In this paper, the authors highlight recent evidence implicating HGF/MET pathway deregulation in glioblastoma multiforme, discuss therapeutic approaches to inhibit HGF/MET signaling, and summarize ongoing clinical trials targeting this pathway.
Depth from edge and intensity based stereo (1981)

The past few years have seen a growing interest in the application of three-dimensional image processing. With the increasing demand for 3-D spatial information for tasks of passive navigation, automatic surveillance, aerial cartography, and inspection in industrial automation, the importance of effective stereo analysis has been made quite clear. A particular challenge in this area is to provide reliable and accurate depth data for input to object or terrain modelling systems. This report describes an algorithm for such stereo sensing. It is founded on an edge-based line-by-line stereo correspondence scheme - one which provides this three-dimensional analysis in a fast, robust, and parallel implementable way. Its processing consists of extracting edge descriptions of a pair of images, linking these edges to their nearest neighbors to obtain the connectivity structure of the images, matching the edge descriptions on the basis of local edge measures, and cooperatively removing those edge pairings formed by the correspondence process which violate the connectivity structure of the two images. A further matching process, using a technique similar to that used for the edges, is done on the image intensity values within intervals defined by the edge correspondence. The result of the processing is a full image array depth map of the scene viewed. (Author)
Local Regression Model for Automatic Face Sketch Generation (2011)

As one of the important artistic styles of portrait, sketch portrait has wide applications for both digital entertainment and law enforcement. In this paper, an automatic face sketch generation approach is presented by learning from photo-sketch pair examples. Specifically, the relationship between a face photo and its corresponding face sketch is learned on image patch level. By applying this relationship to the input face photo patch, we can infer the output face sketch patch by exploiting some regression techniques such as kNN, the Lasso and so on. Via our local regression model, we can synthesize an appealing sketch portrait from a given face photo in a few minutes. Experiments conducted on CUHK database have shown that our results are more compelling than previous methods especially in two respects: (1) our synthesized sketches preserve more identity information of the original face photo, (2) our synthesized sketches presents more pencil sketch texture.
Sequence-Coded Multilevel Signaling for High-Speed Interface (2019)

This article describes a 32-Gb/s sequence-coded link. We introduce a self-converging and reduced state trellis structure that can be configured as pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)-4 or PAM-5. Exploiting the channel ISI, the transmitter creates a trellis structure by independently setting the tap weights and skew between the MSB and LSB digital-to-analog converters (DACs). The receiver, including the digital decoder, consumes only 52 mW. The implemented transceiver in 28-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) operates up to 32 Gb/s with 2.6-pJ/bit efficiency compensating up to 30-dB loss. Sequence-coded PAM-5 reduces hardware complexity by 66% compared to one-tap loop-unrolled decision feedback equalization (DFE) for similar performance. Compared to conventional PAM-4, the proposed sequence-coded PAM-4 link provides 4-dB SNR gain for a 10-dB loss channel and 6-dB SNR gain for 30-dB loss channel with 12.5% bandwidth overhead.
FPGA Dynamic and Partial Reconfiguration (2018)

Dynamic and partial reconfiguration are key differentiating capabilities of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). While they have been studied extensively in academic literature, they find limited use in deployed systems. We review FPGA reconfiguration, looking at architectures built for the purpose, and the properties of modern commercial architectures. We then investigate design flows and identify the key challenges in making reconfigurable FPGA systems easier to design. Finally, we look at applications where reconfiguration has found use, as well as proposing new areas where this capability places FPGAs in a unique position for adoption.
Thermodynamics, proton NMR, and fluorescence studies for the complexation of trivalent lanthanides, calcium(2+), copper(2+), and zinc(2+) by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid bis(methylamide) (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThermodynamics, proton NMR, and fluorescence studies for the complexation of trivalent lanthanides, calcium(2+), copper(2+), and zinc(2+) by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid bis(methylamide)Emil N. Rizkalla, Gregory R. Choppin, and William CacherisCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1993, 32, 5, 582–586Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00057a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00057a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views159Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Development and Evaluation of a Disease-specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire for Disorders of the Rotator Cuff: The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (2003)

This measurement tool can be used as the primary outcome in clinical trials evaluating treatments in this patient population, although its features are equally attractive for monitoring patients' progress in clinical practice.
Quantitative Analysis of Vortical Blood Flow in the Thoracic Aorta Using 4D Phase Contrast MRI (2015)

We have introduced objective measures for quantification of vortical flow in 4D phase contrast MRI. Vortex blood flow in the thoracic aorta could be consistently described in all healthy volunteers. In patient data, pathologically altered vortex flow was observed.
Inhibition of ABCA1 protein degradation promotes HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and RCT and reduces atherosclerosis in mice (2015)

ABCA1 plays a key role in the initial lipidation of apoA-I, which generates circulating HDL cholesterol. Whereas it is known that the transcriptional upregulation of ABCA1 promotes HDL formation and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), it is not known how the inhibition of ABCA1 protein degradation impacts HDL function. Employing the small molecule triacetyl-3-hydroxyphenyladenosine (IMM-H007), we determined how the attenuation of ABCA1 protein degradation affects HDL cholesterol efflux capacity, RCT, and atherosclerotic lesion formation. Pulse-chase analysis revealed that IMM-H007 inhibits ABCA1 degradation and facilitates its cell-surface localization in macrophages, and additional studies in macrophages showed that IMM-H007 thereby promotes cholesterol efflux. IMM-H007 treatment of Paigen diet-fed mice caused an increase in circulating HDL level, it increased the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL, and it enhanced in vivo RCT from macrophages to the plasma, liver, and feces. Furthermore, ABCA1 degradation suppression by IMM-H007 reduced atherosclerotic plaque formation in apoE(-/-) mice. Thus, via effects on both ABCA1-expressing cells and circulating HDL function, the inhibition of ABCA1 protein degradation by IMM-H007 promotes HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and RCT and attenuates atherogenesis. IMM-H007 potentially represents a lead compound for the development of agents to augment HDL function.
Phospholipase D mimics platelet-derived growth factor as a competence factor in vascular smooth muscle cells. (1992)

Recent studies have suggested the importance of phosphatidylcholine (PC) metabolism in growth factor-stimulated cells. In these cells, PC is hydrolyzed not only by PC-specific phospholipase C but also by phospholipase D (PLD). In the present investigation, we show that the simple addition of PC-hydrolyzing PLD from Streptomyces chromofuscus to the culture medium of vascular smooth muscle cells elicits choline release into the medium accompanied by the formation of phosphatidic acid. In the presence of ethanol, this treatment elicits a formation of phosphatidylethanol (PEt) at the expense of phosphatidic acid. Furthermore, we show here that exogenous addition of S. chromofuscus PLD induces a marked DNA synthesis in quiescent vascular smooth muscle cells. This DNA synthesis induced by S. chromofuscus PLD is, like platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-elicited DNA synthesis, largely dependent on the presence of insulin. In addition, S. chromofuscus PLD-induced PEt formation and DNA synthesis were not affected by protein kinase C down-regulation, whereas PDGF-induced PEt formation and DNA synthesis were significantly inhibited. These observations strongly suggest that protein kinase-dependent activation of PLD is involved in mitogenic signal in PDGF-stimulated cells and that exogenously added PLD acts as a competence factor in the same way as PDGF.