gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of nicotine‐induced relaxation of the bovine retractor penis muscle by compounds known to have ganglion‐blocking properties (1990)

1. The relative potency in blocking the nicotine-induced relaxation of the bovine retractor penis muscle (BRP) was estimated for 12 drugs known to have ganglion-blocking properties. 2. The order of potency of the drugs studied was mecamylamine greater than chlorisondamine greater than pentolinium greater than propantheline greater than (+)-tubocurarine greater than hexamethonium greater than emepronium greater than tetraethylammonium greater than glycopyrrolate greater than decamethonium greater than butylscopolamine greater than scopolamine. 3. The results conform well to those obtained with other pharmacological methods used for the estimation of ganglion-blocking activity. 4. It is concluded that blockade of the nicotinic relaxation of the BRP can be used as an alternative method for quantitative assessment of ganglion-blocking activity. 5. Advantages of this technique are that it discriminates well between antinicotinic and antimuscarinic activity and that it satisfies most or all ethical and economical demands. 6. It is also possible that this method has certain value in predicting whether a drug has enough ganglion-blocking activity to be likely to cause impotence.
Ann Loades, Explorations in Twentieth-Century Theology and Philosophy: People Preoccupied with God (ed. Stephen Burns; London: Anthem Press, 2023), pp. vi + 243. ISBN 978-1785278587. (2023)

Ann Loades, Explorations in Twentieth-Century Theology and Philosophy: People Preoccupied with God (ed. Stephen Burns; London: Anthem Press, 2023), pp. vi + 243. ISBN 978-1785278587. - Volume 22 Issue 2
Activation of cellular genes by avian RNA tumor viruses. (1980)

We demonstrated previously that chicken embryo fibroblasts accumulate approximately 100 copies of embryonic globin RNA after transformation by Rous sarcoma virus. Here we demonstrate that the globin gene in chicken embryo fibroblasts is activated by infection with two other oncogenic retroviruses, avian erythroblastosis virus and strain MC-29 of avian myeloblastosis virus, which contain transforming genes unrelated in nucleotide sequence content to each other or to the Rous sarcoma virus src gene. In addition, we have measured the genetic complexity of transformation by using established techniques for determining the number of different RNA sequences in specific populations of cells. Our results indicate that transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts by Rous sarcoma virus results in the accumulation of RNA from approximately 1000 average-sized new transcription units.
Translating textiles to tissue engineering: Creation and evaluation of microporous, biocompatible, degradable scaffolds using industry relevant manufacturing approaches and human adipose derived stem cells (2014)

Polymeric scaffolds have emerged as a means of generating three-dimensional tissues, such as for the treatment of bone injuries and nonunions. In this study, a fibrous scaffold was designed using the biocompatible, degradable polymer poly-lactic acid in combination with a water dispersible sacrificial polymer, EastONE. Fibers were generated via industry relevant, facile scale-up melt-spinning techniques with an islands-in-the-sea geometry. Following removal of EastONE, a highly porous fiber remained possessing 12 longitudinal channels and pores throughout all internal and external fiber walls. Weight loss and surface area characterization confirmed the generation of highly porous fibers as observed via focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy. Porous fibers were then knit into a three-dimensional scaffold and seeded with human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC). Confocal microscopy images confirmed hASC attachment to the fiber walls and proliferation throughout the knit structure. Quantification of cell-mediated calcium accretion following culture in osteogenic differentiation medium confirmed hASC differentiation throughout the porous constructs. These results suggest incorporation of a sacrificial polymer within islands-in-the-sea fibers generates a highly porous scaffold capable of supporting stem cell viability and differentiation with the potential to generate large three-dimensional constructs for bone regeneration and/or other tissue engineering applications.
Concepts and patterns of invertebrate production in running waters (1993)

(1993). Concepts and patterns of invertebrate production in running waters. SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010: Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 15-38.
Flexible and Stretchable Lithium‐Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors Based on Electrically Conducting Carbon Nanotube Fiber Springs (2014)

The construction of lightweight, flexible and stretchable power systems for modern electronic devices without using elastic polymer substrates is critical but remains challenging. We have developed a new and general strategy to produce both freestanding, stretchable, and flexible supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries with remarkable electrochemical properties by designing novel carbon nanotube fiber springs as electrodes. These springlike electrodes can be stretched by over 300 %. In addition, the supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries have a flexible fiber shape that enables promising applications in electronic textiles.
A sindbis virus mRNA polynucleotide vector achieves prolonged and high level heterologous gene expression<i>in vivo</i> (1995)

The direct Intramuscular delivery of naked plasmld DNA has been demonstrated to allow expression of encoded heterologous genes in the target myocytes. The method has been employed to elicit Immunization based upon delivery of antigen encoding plasmld DNA. For application In the context of achieving anti-tumor immunization against antigenic transforming oncoproteins, delivery of plasmld DNAs encoding these molecules would create significant potential safety hazards. As an alternative to DNA polynucleotide vectors, we explored the utility of mRNA vehicles for Inducing foreign gene expression in muscle cells In vivo . Synthetic reporter-gene encoding mRNA transcripts were derived for this analysis. The sindbis virus vector was also used to derive luciferase mRNA transcripts which possessed self-replication capacity. In these studies, It could be shown that the replicative vector was capable of directing significantly elevated levels of reporter gene expression In myocytes compared to a non-replicatlve mRNA species. In addition, the replicative species was capable of achieving significantly prolonged levels of In vivo gene expression compared to non-replicatlve mRNA. Both of these characteristics will make replicative mRNA vectors of utility for polynucleotide-based immunization protocols.
Exemplar-based voice conversion in noisy environment (2012)

This paper presents a voice conversion (VC) technique for noisy environments, where parallel exemplars are introduced to encode the source speech signal and synthesize the target speech signal. The parallel exemplars (dictionary) consist of the source exemplars and target exemplars, having the same texts uttered by the source and target speakers. The input source signal is decomposed into the source exemplars, noise exemplars obtained from the input signal, and their weights (activities). Then, by using the weights of the source exemplars, the converted signal is constructed from the target exemplars. We carried out speaker conversion tasks using clean speech data and noise-added speech data. The effectiveness of this method was confirmed by comparing its effectiveness with that of a conventional Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)-based method.
Mortality and Institutionalization Following Hip Fracture (2000)

Cognitive impairment, older age, and gender were associated with increased risk of poor outcome following hip fracture. The socioeconomic variables--social support and health perception--did not contribute significant additional information in explaining mortality or institutionalization risk. While demographic factors cannot be modified, physical function 3 months postfracture may be amenable to intervention and may reduce the risk of institutionalization. Intervening to increase postfracture physical function may be particularly beneficial to older patients, or to those who are cognitively impaired.
Wireless passive SAW sensor systems for industrial and domestic applications (2002)

The authors discussed the principle of wireless sensing with passive SAW devices and investigated binary SAW sensors and other SAW radio sensors for the non-contact measurement of temperatures, pressures and torques. An RF identification system for the Munich subway, a SAW sensor system for the diagnosis and control of electric motors and a temperature monitoring system for high voltage surge arresters are the applications which were presented. Finally a low-cost radar unit for domestic applications was described.
Reconstructing the Population Genetic History of the Caribbean (2013)

The Caribbean basin is home to some of the most complex interactions in recent history among previously diverged human populations. Here, by making use of genome-wide SNP array data, we characterize ancestral components of Caribbean populations on a sub-continental level and unveil fine-scale patterns of population structure distinguishing insular from mainland Caribbean populations as well as from other Hispanic/Latino groups. We provide genetic evidence for an inland South American origin of the Native American component in island populations and for extensive pre-Columbian gene flow across the Caribbean basin. The Caribbean-derived European component shows significant differentiation from parental Iberian populations, presumably as a result of founder effects during the colonization of the New World. Based on demographic models, we reconstruct the complex population history of the Caribbean since the onset of continental admixture. We find that insular populations are best modeled as mixtures absorbing two pulses of African migrants, coinciding with early and maximum activity stages of the transatlantic slave trade. These two pulses appear to have originated in different regions within West Africa, imprinting two distinguishable signatures in present day Afro-Caribbean genomes and shedding light on the genetic impact of the dynamics occurring during the slave trade in the Caribbean.
The Timed Get-up-and-Go test revisited: measurement of the component tasks. (2000)

The "Timed Get-up-and-Go" (TGUG) test measures the overall time to complete a series of functionally important tasks. In the "Expanded Timed Get-up-and-Go" (ETGUG) test, times for the component tasks are measured using a multimemory stopwatch. Results from the ETGUG test were compared to those from the TGUG test on three groups of subjects: nonimpaired young, nonimpaired elderly, and elderly subjects at risk of falling. Significant differences were found between the two control groups and the at-risk group for all components of the test. Walking speed was the only measurement found to be significantly different between the young and elderly controls. The ETGUG test is a sensitive and objective assessment of function that requires minimal equipment, training, or expense. It better isolates functional deficits, thereby aiding the clinician in devising prevention strategies and guiding both treatment and further testing.
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1—Modeling the Pathogenesis of a Polyglutamine Neurodegenerative Disorder in Transgenic Mice (2000)

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is one of a group of dominantly inherited neurodegenerative diseases caused by a mutant expansion of a polyglutamine-repeated sequence within the affected gene. One of the major cell types affected by the gene (ataxin-1) mutation in SCA1 is the cerebellar Purkinje cell. Targeted expression of mutant ataxin-1 in Purkinje cells of transgenic mice produces an ataxic phenotype with pathological similarities to the human disease. Other transgenic experiments using altered forms of mutant ataxin-1 have shown that nuclear localization of the mutant protein is necessary for pathogenesis and that nuclear aggregates of ubiquitinated mutant protein, while a feature of SCA1 and other polyglutamine diseases, are not a requirement for pathogenesis in transgenic models of SCA1. Present and future generations of transgenic mouse models of SCA1 will be valuable tools to further address mechanisms of pathogenesis in polyglutamine-related disorders.
Butein from <i>Rhus verniciflua</i> Protects Pancreatic &beta; Cells against Cytokine-Induced Toxicity Mediated by Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Formation (2011)

Butein (3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalcone), a plant polyphenol, is a major component in isolate of Rhus verniciflua STOKES (Anacardiaceae). It is shown to exert various potent effects such as antioxidant, antiinflammatory induction of apoptosis among many properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of butein on cytokine-induced β-cell damage. Pre-treatment with butein is shown to increase the viability of cytokine-treated INS-1 cells at concentrations of 15-30 µM. Butein prevented cytokine-mediated cell death, as well as nitric oxide (NO) production, and these effects correlated well with reduced levels of protein expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms by which butein inhibits iNOS gene expression appeared to be through the inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) translocation. In a second set of experiments, rat islets were used to demonstrate the protective effects of butein and the results were essentially the same as those observed in Beutin pretreated INS-1 cells. Butein prevented cytokine-induced NO production, iNOS expression, and NF-κB translocation and inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). In conclusion, these results suggest that butein can be used for the prevention of functional β-cell damage and preventing the progression of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Interfaces in poly(vinylidene fluoride) terpolymer/ZrO2 nanocomposites and their effect on dielectric properties (2009)

Enhancement of weak and high field dielectric responses was observed in poly(vinylidene fluoride) terpolymer/ZrO2 nanocomposites. A frequency-dependent interfacial polarization mechanism (related to the interfacial area between polymer and nanoparticles) is responsible for the enhancement of the dielectric constant at the low field. Due to the improvement of chain mobility and stabilization of the polar phase in the polymer/nanoparticle interface regions, the high field dielectric response of nanocomposites was also enhanced in the certain particle loading. Based on the high-field polarization saturation phenomenon, the dimension of interface regions in the nanocomposites was estimated as 20–40 nm.
Concentric circles based simple optical landing aid for vertical takeoff and landing aircrafts (2014)

Vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) aircrafts such as helicopters and drones, add a flexible degree of operation to airborne vehicles. In order to operate these devices in low light situations, where it is difficult to determine slope of the landing surface, a lightweight and standalone device is proposed here. This small optical device can be easily integrated into current VTOL systems. An optical projector consisting of low power, light weight, solid state laser along with minimal optics is utilized to illuminate the landing surface with donut shaped circles and coaxial centralized dot. This device can placed anywhere on the aircraft and a properly placed fiber system can be used to illuminate the surface beneath the bottom of the VTOL aircraft in a fashion that during operation, when the aircraft is parallel to the landing surface, the radius between the central dot and outer ring(s) are equidistant for the entire circumference; however, when there the landing surface of the VTOL aircraft is not parallel to the landing strip, the radial distance between two opposite sides of the circle and central dot will be unequal. The larger this distortion, the greater the difference will be between the opposite sides of the circle. Visual confirmation or other optical devices can be used to determine relative alignment of the projector output allowing the pilot to make proper adjustments as they approach the landing surface to ensure safe landings. Simulated and experimental results from a prototype optical projector are presented here.
People Analytics and Individual Autonomy: Employing Predictive Algorithms as Omniscient Gatekeepers in the Digital Age Workplace (2021)

People Analytics is a powerful tool with immense promise for enhancing organizational insights. However, this Note argues that employers’ unfettered use of opaque predictive algorithms, which are trained on behavioral data to profile workers and guide employment outcomes, represents a significant threat to individual autonomy. Part II explores the emergence of People Analytics as a continuation and merger of historical approaches to scientific management in the American workplace. Part III contrasts the organizational benefits of predictive analytics against the uniquely intrusive, non-transparent, and sometimes arbitrary manner in which they are currently deployed against workers. Part IV discusses how People Analytics may hasten the erosion of employees’ normative rights in the workplace. It then discusses the insufficiency of existing regulatory and common law mechanisms to protect workers from arbitrary or discriminatory decisionmaking based on algorithmic profiling. Finally, Part V reviews some proposed solutions, emphasizing the importance of employee voice and the need for proactive regulations to enforce algorithmic transparency and protect individuals’ rights to privacy and autonomy.
A obra literária adaptada no ensino de Língua Portuguesa (2013)

O artigo busca discutir a validade ou nao da indicacao da obra literaria adaptada entre adolescentes. Para tanto, foram motivos de reflexao os autores da Escola de Frankfurt, Umberto Eco, Jose Paulo Paes, entre outros, a obra de Ana Maria Machado (Como e porque ler os classicos desde cedo), a analise comparativa entre o conto “Bola de Sebo” adaptado e o traduzido e a experiencia docente da autora. A estrutura do trabalho contempla o florescimento da literatura infanto-juvenil a partir de 1971, quando se verificam novas propostas; argumentos contra a adaptacao da obra literaria, onde e trazido, sobretudo, o posicionamento critico de Benjamin e Adorno; argumentos a favor da adaptacao literaria, onde, primeiramente, se apresenta os porques da leitura dos classicos segundo Italo Calvino e Ana Maria Machado para,em seguida, discutir-se o porque das adaptacoes; o paralelo entre o conto “Bola de Sebo”traduzido e adaptado, onde sao analisados os distanciamentos entre um texto e outro, para, entao, concluir-se.
Mimicking the process of manual sequence stratigraphy well correlation (2021)

Abstract Stratigraphic correlation of well logs is based on interactive interpreter-based pattern recognition. A skilled interpreter identifies similar patterns (such as upward fining and coarsening) in user-defined well sections and links them using either a conscious or subconscious stratigraphic model. This manual stratigraphic correlation of numerous wells in mature fields can be time-consuming and error-prone. To expedite the process of stratigraphic correlation, we have performed semiautomatic stratigraphic correlation of wireline logs from multiple wells using improved dynamic time warping (IDTW). IDTW uses semblance, which compares the shape of the well logs, to replace the Euclidean distance in pairwise error computation. The resulting error matrix is compatible with the lateral nonstationary variation of well logs in the same formation. The workflow begins with interpreting stratigraphic well tops on user-defined well sections that is similar to the current process of stratigraphy analysis. The interpreted wells are then treated as reference wells to aid in interpreting well tops for other wells. Necessary manual interventions are incorporated during the semiautomatic stratigraphic correlation process. We applied our method to two experimental fields: a sand-rich reservoir and a mud-rich reservoir. The applications illustrate that our method performs well in aggradational strata and successfully predicts discontinuities with manual interventions.
Raman Spectroscopy: Lighting up the Future of Microbial Identification (2011)

Over the last decade Raman spectroscopy has become established as a physicochemical technique for the rapid identification of microbes. This powerful analytical method generates a spectroscopic fingerprint from the microbial sample, which provides quantitative and qualitative information that can be used to characterize, discriminate and identify microorganisms, in both bacteria slurry and at the single-cell level. Recent developments in Raman spectroscopy have dramatically increased in recent years due to the enhancement of the signal by techniques including tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy and due to the availability of user-friendly instrumentation and software. The result of this has been reduced cost and rapid collection time, and it has allowed the nonspecialist access to this physical sciences approach for biological applications. In this article, we will briefly explain the technique of Raman spectroscopy and discuss enhancement techniques, including the recent application of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to microbiology, as well as the move towards rapid microbial identification with Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, recent studies have combined Raman spectroscopy with microfluidic devices, giving greater control of sample conditions, which will no doubt have an important impact in the future development of Raman spectroscopy for microbial identification.
Blue-luminescent organic lead bromide perovskites: highly dispersible and photostable materials (2015)

Blue-luminescent and dispersible organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites can be produced with a high reaction yield and valuable optical properties, such as luminescence quantum yield over 20% and high photostability under UV light. This material can be assembled–disassembled reversibly.
A design system for RFIC: challenges and solutions (2000)

The expansion of the market for portable wireless communication devices has given a tremendous push to the development of a new generation of low-power radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) products. In this fast-growing environment where time-to-market constraints force tight schedules, having a good design methodology, innovation computer-aided design (CAD) tools, and a well-integrated design system are key factors for success. In this paper, we describe a design system developed to provide the designer with everything necessary to accurately predict the behavior of RFIC devices, including layout and package parasitic effects. We show how important a well-defined and integrated system is to manufacturing a design that meets specifications at the minimum cost, in the minimum time. A close link between schematic, models, and layout is of paramount importance to ensure the accuracy need for low-power RF design. We give an overview of the advanced methods and tools currently available for simulation and noise analysis of RF devices. Finally, we show a design example that obtained first-silicon success.