gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of the hepatic stellate cell‐selective carrier mannose 6‐phosphate modified albumin (M6P<sub>28</sub>‐HSA) (2001)

Based on our in vivo data demonstrating the HSC-selectivity and on our in vitro data demonstrating binding and rapid internalization in activated HSC, we conclude that M6P(28)-HSA is applicable as a stellate cell-selective carrier for antifibrotic drugs that act intracellularly. This may have implications for the design of new strategies for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Thin-layer cell for routine applications (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTThin-layer cell for routine applicationsJosip. Caja, Andrzej. Czerwinski, and Harry B. MarkCite this: Anal. Chem. 1979, 51, 8, 1328–1329Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac50044a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50044a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views116Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
African Americans in the Early Republic (2000)

African Americans in the Early Republic Get access Gary B. Nash Gary B. Nash Gary B. Nash is a professor of history at the University of California, Los Angeles, and is the author of many books and articles on race, class, and society in the early republic, including Red, White, and Black: The Peoples of Early America (1974, 4th ed. 2000). A Guggenheim Fellow, and finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for his book The Urban Crucible, Nash is a former president of the Organization of American Historians (1994–1995). He served as co-chair for the National History Standards Project and currently directs UCLA's National Center for History in the Schools. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar OAH Magazine of History, Volume 14, Issue 2, Winter 2000, Pages 12–16, https://doi.org/10.1093/maghis/14.2.12 Published: 01 January 2000
A Short Synthetic Route towards a Biologically Active Heparin‐like Pentasaccharide with a Pseudo‐Alternating Sequence (1993)

Simplification of the structure but maintenance of the biological activity—this (successful) strategy was the basis for the synthesis of 1, the “non-glycosamino” glycan analogue of the pentasaccharide domain of heparin responsible for binding antithrombin III. The disaccharide corresponding to the EF building block could be prepared from a protected derivative of fragment GH by basecatalyzed epimerization at C5. The number of synthetic steps was thus significantly reduced.
polarRLCE: A New Code-Based Cryptosystem Using Polar Codes (2019)

Security challenges brought about by the upcoming 5G era should be taken seriously. Code-based cryptography leverages difficult problems in coding theory and is one of the main techniques enabling cryptographic primitives in the postquantum scenario. In this work, we propose the first efficient secure scheme based on polar codes (i.e., polarRLCE ) which is inspired by the RLCE scheme, a candidate for the NIST postquantum cryptography standardization in the first round. In addition to avoiding some weaknesses of the RLCE scheme, we show that, with the proper choice of parameters, using polar codes, it is possible to design an encryption scheme to achieve the intended security level while retaining a reasonably small public key size. In addition, we also present a KEM version of the polarRLCE scheme that can attain a negligible decryption failure rate within the corresponding security parameters. It is shown that our proposal enjoys an apparent advantage to decrease the public key size, especially on the high-security level.
Multi-stage Aggregated Transformer Network for Temporal Language Localization in Videos (2021)

We address the problem of localizing a specific moment from an untrimmed video by a language sentence query. Generally, previous methods mainly exist two problems that are not fully solved: 1) How to effectively model the fine-grained visual-language alignment between video and language query? 2) How to accurately localize the moment in the original video length? In this paper, we streamline the temporal language localization as a novel multi-stage aggregated transformer network. Specifically, we first intro-duce a new visual-language transformer backbone, which enables iterations and alignments among all elements in visual and language sequences. Different from previous multi-modal transformers, our backbone keeps both structure unified and modality specific. Moreover, we also pro-pose a multi-stage aggregation module topped on the trans-former backbone. In this module, we compute three stage-specific representations corresponding to different moment stages respectively, i.e. starting, middle and ending stages, for each video element. Then for a moment candidate, we concatenate the starting/middle/ending representations of its starting/middle/ending elements respectively to form the final moment representation. Because the obtained moment representation captures the stage specific information, it is very discriminative for accurate localization. Extensive experiments on ActivityNet Captions and TACoS datasets demonstrate our proposed method achieves significant improvements compared with all other methods.
Methicillin‐Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>: A Public Health Issue with Economic Consequences (2006)

MRSA is a costly public health issue that needs to be tackled if the growing burden of this disease in Canadian hospitals and in the community is to be limited.
3D Biofabrication Strategies for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (2014)

Over the past several decades, there has been an ever-increasing demand for organ transplants. However, there is a severe shortage of donor organs, and as a result of the increasing demand, the gap between supply and demand continues to widen. A potential solution to this problem is to grow or fabricate organs using biomaterial scaffolds and a person's own cells. Although the realization of this solution has been limited, the development of new biofabrication approaches has made it more realistic. This review provides an overview of natural and synthetic biomaterials that have been used for organ/tissue development. It then discusses past and current biofabrication techniques, with a brief explanation of the state of the art. Finally, the review highlights the need for combining vascularization strategies with current biofabrication techniques. Given the multitude of applications of biofabrication technologies, from organ/tissue development to drug discovery/screening to development of complex in vitro models of human diseases, these manufacturing technologies can have a significant impact on the future of medicine and health care.
Stomal Therapy Nurses' Involvement in Stomal Therapy Nursing Activities in Western Australia (2010)

This paper outlines the results of a SurveyMonkey pilot research questionnaire to all Western Australian members of the Australian Association of Stomal Therapy Nurses Inc. and available former members. The purpose of the survey was to identify the current involvement of stomal therapy nurses in stomal therapy nursing activities, considering that the WA branch has conducted Stomal Therapy Nursing Education Programs every two years since 1980 and, from each, an average of 14 graduates have joined the STN ranks. Fifty-three responses were received. Despite some questionnaire flaws, the results indicated that the majority of STNs are still working full-time as part of a team, in a variety of roles and settings and using their STN skills and knowledge either full-time or very infrequently. Other aspects included opinions about types and frequency of out-patient support, which varied widely. The service provided by the WA Ostomy Association was also canvassed, with ideas for improvement elicited, although 90% of respondents graded the support good or very good. The use of stomal therapy nursing information sources, the incidence of recording continuing professional development and attitudes towards professional involvement were also sought.
Practical constructions and new proof methods for large universe attribute-based encryption (2013)

We propose two large universe Attribute-Based Encryption constructions. In a large universe ABE system any string can be used as an attribute and attributes need not be enumerated at system setup. Our first construction establishes a novel large universe Ciphertext-Policy ABE scheme on prime order bilinear groups, while the second achieves a significant efficiency improvement over the large universe Key-Policy ABE system of Lewko-Waters and Lewko. Both schemes are selectively secure in the standard model under two ``q-type'' assumptions similar to ones used in prior works. Our work brings back ``program and cancel'' techniques to this problem and aims in providing practical large universe ABE implementations. To showcase the efficiency improvements over prior constructions, we provide implementations and benchmarks of our schemes in Charm; a programming environment for rapid prototyping of cryptographic primitives. We compare them to implementations of the only three published constructions that offer unbounded ABE in the standard model.
Prostanoid-dependent bladder pain caused by proteinase-activated receptor-2 activation in mice: Involvement of TRPV1 and T-type Ca 2+ channels (2017)

We studied the pronociceptive role of proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) in mouse bladder. In female mice, intravesical infusion of the PAR2-activating peptide, SLIGRL-amide (SL), caused delayed mechanical hypersensitivity in the lower abdomen, namely 'referred hyperalgesia', 6-24 h after the administration. The PAR2-triggered referred hyperalgesia was prevented by indomethacin or a selective TRPV1 blocker, and restored by a T-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel blocker. In human urothelial T24 cells, SL caused delayed prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> production and COX-2 upregulation. Our data suggest that luminal PAR2 stimulation in the bladder causes prostanoid-dependent referred hyperalgesia in mice, which involves the activation of TRPV1 and T-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels.
Hormonal Regulation of the p53 Tumor Suppressor Protein in T47D Human Breast Carcinoma Cell Line (1995)

Under normal culturing conditions, the T47D human breast cancer cell line expresses progesterone receptor constitutively and is responsive to estrogen. Because the tumor suppressor protein p53 plays a central role in determining genetic stability and cell proliferation, we have examined the effects of 17 beta-estradiol, the synthetic progestin R5020, and the antiprogestin RU486 on the levels of this protein in T47D cells. Western blot analysis of cellular extracts, performed with a monoclonal antibody capable of quantitatively supershifting a specific p53-p53 response element complex in a gel mobility shift assay, detected a single immunoreactive band representing p53. When cells were grown for 4-5 days in culture medium containing charcoal-treated fetal calf serum, p53 levels declined to 10% of the level seen in the control (no charcoal treatment) group. Supplementation of culture medium containing charcoal-treated calf serum with 0.1-1 nM 17 beta-estradiol restored p53 to its normal levels. A 4-day treatment of cells with R5020 or RU486 lowered the p53 levels in cells grown in normal culturing conditions to 15 and 30% of control levels, respectively. R5020 and RU486 treatments also caused down-regulation and/or hyperphosphorylation of the progesterone receptor, which correlated with the down-regulation of p53. These observations by estradiol while R5020 down-regulates this protein. Since estradiol is known to promote cell proliferation, the induction of p53 observed in this study leads us to propose that estradiol stimulates p53 to regulate proliferation of T47D cells in culture.
Distributed adaptive droop control for DC microgrids (2014)

Conventional droop controls have been widely studied for load sharing in dc Microgrids. However, unlike ac Microgrids, transmission line impedances can undermine the controller's performance, and it might fail to provide regulated rated voltage and proportional load sharing. Herein, a distributed secondary controller is introduced that includes two modules; a voltage regulator and a current regulator. A sparse cyber network is also spanned through the converters for data exchange wherein, each converter is in contact with a few others as its neighbors. A cooperative algorithm is introduced and used in a voltage observer that estimates the average voltage across the Microgrid. This estimation is further used in the voltage regulator to locally adjust the voltage set point, compensating the voltage drop caused by the droop mechanism. Simultaneously, the current regulator compares local per-unit current with the neighbors' per-unit currents and, accordingly, adjusts the droop virtual impedance to balance the per-unit supplied currents. Thus, the voltage and current regulators together provide the best choice of voltage set point and virtual impedance that leads to the global voltage regulation and tight load sharing. Simulation studies on a low-voltage dc Microgrid verify the performance of the proposed control methodology.
Cancer Cell Adhesion and Metastasis: Selectins, Integrins, and the Inhibitory Potential of Heparins (2012)

Cell adhesion molecules play a significant role in cancer progression and metastasis. Cell-cell interactions of cancer cells with endothelium determine the metastatic spread. In addition, direct tumor cell interactions with platelets, leukocytes, and soluble components significantly contribute to cancer cell adhesion, extravasation, and the establishment of metastatic lesions. Clinical evidence indicates that heparin, commonly used for treatment of thromboembolic events in cancer patients, is beneficial for their survival. Preclinical studies confirm that heparin possesses antimetastatic activities that lead to attenuation of metastasis in various animal models. Heparin contains several biological activities that may affect several steps in metastatic cascade. Here we focus on the role of cellular adhesion receptors in the metastatic cascade and discuss evidence for heparin as an inhibitor of cell adhesion. While P- and L-selectin facilitation of cellular contacts during hematogenous metastasis is being accepted as a potential target of heparin, here we propose that heparin may also interfere with integrin activity and thereby affect cancer progression. This review summarizes recent findings about potential mechanisms of tumor cell interactions in the vasculature and antimetastatic activities of heparin.
CFAR detection of extended objects in high-resolution SAR images (2005)

This paper deals with the problem of constant false alarm rate detection of extended objects in high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Starting from the receiver proposed by Guida and Longo, where some relevant properties of the location-scale distributions are exploited for ensuring constant false alarm against Weibull background, the authors consider the application of the algorithm to the case of spotlight SAR images collected by an airborne sensor developed by the Defense Evaluation and Research Agency laboratories. The algorithm has been reconceived for specific application to high-resolution SAR images where the reference window is order of magnitudes larger than in the usual radar case. As a first step, a careful analysis based on some real images has been made for testing the validity of the Weibull distribution hypothesis. Results are then presented for different values of the system parameters (censoring depth and size of the reference window) and demonstrate that the proposed detector is able to operate under changeable conditions of the underlying background (vegetation and asphalt mixed with grass) and of the object size and shape. A little care, however, should be taken to avoid overload situations that occur when the object dimensions become comparable with the size of the reference window. Finally, real-time applications may be foreseen, since the computational charge of the processor is generally low and increases weakly with the number of samples used for parameter estimation.
In vitro Studies on the Maturation of Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons (1985)

The use of neural culture is illustrated by the study of the in vitro development of a well defined neuronal system in the brain: the mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons of the rodent species. After a brief survey of its ontogenetic development, the various experimental techniques for its study in vitro are described. Such an approach has allowed the discovery of influences brought by a target area, like the striatum, on the maturation of these neurons. A new kind of local morphogenic interactions between these neurons and their glial partners is also reported.
Heat Generated by Dental Implant Drills During Osteotomy—A Review (2014)

The relationship between heat generated and implant drilling osteotomy is multifactorial in nature and its complexity has not been fully studied. Lack of scientific knowledge regarding this issue still exists. Further studies should be conducted to determine the various factors which generate less heat while osteotomy such as ideal ratio of force and speed in vivo, exact time to replace a drill, ideal drill design, irrigation system, drill-bone contact area.
Specificity and detection of insulin-reactive CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells in type 1 diabetes in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse (2011)

In the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of type 1 diabetes (T1D), an insulin peptide (B:9-23) is a major target for pathogenic CD4(+) T cells. However, there is no consensus on the relative importance of the various positions or "registers" this peptide can take when bound in the groove of the NOD MHCII molecule, IA(g7). This has hindered structural studies and the tracking of the relevant T cells in vivo with fluorescent peptide-MHCII tetramers. Using mutated B:9-23 peptides and methods for trapping the peptide in particular registers, we show that most, if not all, NOD CD4(+) T cells react to B:9-23 bound in low-affinity register 3. However, these T cells can be divided into two types depending on whether their response is improved or inhibited by substituting a glycine for the B:21 glutamic acid at the p8 position of the peptide. On the basis of these findings, we constructed a set of fluorescent insulin-IA(g7) tetramers that bind to most insulin-specific T-cell clones tested. A mixture of these tetramers detected a high frequency of B:9-23-reactive CD4(+) T cells in the pancreases of prediabetic NOD mice. Our data are consistent with the idea that, within the pancreas, unique processing of insulin generates truncated peptides that lack or contain the B:21 glutamic acid. In the thymus, the absence of this type of processing combined with the low affinity of B:9-23 binding to IA(g7) in register 3 may explain the escape of insulin-specific CD4(+) T cells from the mechanisms that usually eliminate self-reactive T cells.
A comprehensive review on recent progress in aluminum–air batteries (2017)

The aluminumâair battery is considered to be an attractive candidate as a power source for electric vehicles (EVs) because of its high theoretical energy density (8100 Wh kgâ1), which is significantly greater than that of the state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, some technical and scientific problems preventing the large-scale development of Alâair batteries have not yet to be resolved. In this review, we present the fundamentals, challenges and the recent advances in Alâair battery technology from aluminum anode, air cathode and electrocatalysts to electrolytes and inhibitors. Firstly, the alloying of aluminum with transition metal elements is reviewed and shown to reduce the self-corrosion of Al and improve battery performance. Additionally for the cathode, extensive studies of electrocatalytic materials for oxygen reduction/evolution including Pt and Pt alloys, nonprecious metal catalysts, and carbonaceous materials at the air cathode are highlighted. Moreover, for the electrolyte, the application of aqueous and nonaqueous electrolytes in Alâair batteries are discussed. Meanwhile, the addition of inhibitors to the electrolyte to enhance electrochemical performance is also explored. Finally, the challenges and future research directions are proposed for the further development of Alâair batteries. Keywords: Aluminumâair battery, Aluminum anode, Air cathode, Oxygen reduction reaction, Electrolytes
Mining models of human activities from the web (2004)

The ability to determine what day-to-day activity (such as cooking pasta, taking a pill, or watching a video) a person is performing is of interest in many application domains. A system that can do this requires models of the activities of interest, but model construction does not scale well: humans must specify low-level details, such as segmentation and feature selection of sensor data, and high-level structure, such as spatio-temporal relations between states of the model, for each and every activity. As a result, previous practical activity recognition systems have been content to model a tiny fraction of the thousands of human activities that are potentially useful to detect. In this paper, we present an approach to sensing and modeling activities that scales to a much larger class of activities than before. We show how a new class of sensors, based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, can directly yield semantic terms that describe the state of the physical world. These sensors allow us to formulate activity models by translating labeled activities, such as 'cooking pasta', into probabilistic collections of object terms, such as 'pot'. Given this view of activity models as text translations, we show how to mine definitions of activities in an unsupervised manner from the web. We have used our technique to mine definitions for over 20,000 activities. We experimentally validate our approach using data gathered from actual human activity as well as simulated data.
The double-helix dipole-a novel approach to accelerator magnet design (2003)

We describe a new technology for superconducting dipoles that has significant advantages for use in particle accelerators. The dipole field is obtained by using concentric pairs of helically-wound coils that are tilted at opposite angles; this effectively cancels the solenoid component of the field and adds the dipole content of each layer. This coil configuration produces a dipole field with systematic errors <10/sup -8/ of the main field in 85% of the coil aperture. We show, using a design example, how many of the inherent problems with the traditional cosine theta type of coil are eliminated and the cost of development and manufacturing the magnets is substantially reduced.