gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The MUB<sub>40</sub> Peptide for Use in Detecting Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammation Events (2019)

Here, we provide a protocol involving the use of MUB40, a synthesized peptide with the ability to bind glycosylated lactoferrin stored at high concentrations in specific and tertiary granules of neutrophils. This protocol details how MUB40 conjugated directly to a fluorophore can be used to stain neutrophils in fixed/permeabilized tissues as well as how this can be used in live-cell imaging to assay for neutrophil activation and de-granulation. Neutrophil detection methods are limited to species-specific monoclonal antibodies, which are not always suitable for certain applications. MUB40 does not penetrate the cell membrane and is thus excluded from lactoferrin stored in non-activated/non-permeabilized neutrophils. MUB40 has the added benefit of recognizing lactoferrin from a broad host range, making it especially useful for comparing results in studies involving multiple research models, reducing the number of duplicate reagents, and simplifying protocols through single-step staining.
On setting unit thresholds in an incompletely connected associative net (1993)

The associative net is a matrix model of associative memory which has an efficiency of recall approaching that of a random access memory with no associative capability. This is a fully connected network, which makes it possible to use a simple strategy for setting the thresholds of the units in recall. However, most brain structures that are thought to underlie learning and memory have only partial interconnectivity. We describe five different strategies for setting the thresholds of units in partially connected nets. The simplest is a mechanism of the winners-take-all type. The most sophisticated strategy employs information about the density of modified synapses and their distribution on each output unit. The action of this mechanism is shown to be equivalent to minimization of output error but without requiring numerical solution of a set of equations, which would be biologically implausible. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of this mechanism in a typical case. Parameter sensitivity analysis of this mechanism shows its robustness and that performance improves as connectivity becomes more complete.
siRNA-based spherical nucleic acids reverse impaired wound healing in diabetic mice by ganglioside GM3 synthase knockdown (2015)

Spherical nucleic acid (SNA) gold nanoparticle conjugates (13-nm-diameter gold cores functionalized with densely packed and highly oriented nucleic acids) dispersed in Aquaphor have been shown to penetrate the epidermal barrier of both intact mouse and human skin, enter keratinocytes, and efficiently down-regulate gene targets. ganglioside-monosialic acid 3 synthase (GM3S) is a known target that is overexpressed in diabetic mice and responsible for causing insulin resistance and impeding wound healing. GM3S SNAs increase keratinocyte migration and proliferation as well as insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) receptor activation under both normo- and hyperglycemic conditions. The topical application of GM3S SNAs (50 nM) to splinted 6-mm-diameter full-thickness wounds in diet-induced obese diabetic mice decreases local GM3S expression by >80% at the wound edge through an siRNA pathway and fully heals wounds clinically and histologically within 12 d, whereas control-treated wounds are only 50% closed. Granulation tissue area, vascularity, and IGF1 and EGF receptor phosphorylation are increased in GM3S SNA-treated wounds. These data capitalize on the unique ability of SNAs to naturally penetrate the skin and enter keratinocytes without the need for transfection agents. Moreover, the data further validate GM3 as a mediator of the delayed wound healing in type 2 diabetes and support regional GM3 depletion as a promising therapeutic direction.
Ligand binding characteristics of the major mistletoe lectin. (1992)

Carbohydrate binding specificity of the galactose-specific, major lectin of mistletoe extract (ML-1) was studied by an inhibition assay using monosaccharides, monosaccharide derivatives, disaccharides, and compounds containing multiple galactosyl terminals. The results indicate that 1) both alpha- and beta-galactosyl residues are recognized equally well; 2) each of the hydroxyl groups of galactose contributes to varying degrees to the binding process, the 4-OH being the most important and the 6-OH the least important hydroxyl group; 3) disaccharide sequences of Gal beta 2Gal and Gal beta 3Gal have much higher affinity than galactose, whereas affinity of all other Gal-disaccharides is only slightly better than galactose; 4) macromolecular ligands having 10 or more terminal galactosyl residues have 500-fold higher affinity than Gal; and 5) a group on ML-1 with pK alpha of 4.8 appears to be involved in the binding of ligand.
Genetic, Biochemical, and Transcriptional Responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the Novel Immunomodulator FTY720 Largely Mimic Those of the Natural Sphingolipid Phytosphingosine (2004)

Sphingolipids are signaling molecules that influence diverse cellular functions from control of the cell cycle to degradation of plasma membrane proteins. The synthetic sphingolipid-like compound FTY720 is an immunomodulating agent in clinical trials for transplant graft maintenance. In this report, we compare the effects of the natural yeast sphingolipid phytosphingosine with FTY720 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that the multicopy suppressor genes that induce growth resistance to FTY720 also confer resistance to growth-inhibitory concentrations of phytosphingosine. In addition, mutants for ubiquitination pathway proteins are shown to be resistant to the growth-inhibiting effect of both FTY720 and phytosphingosine. We observe fewer similarities between sphingosine and FTY720 than between FTY720 and phytosphingosine as revealed by genetic studies. Yeast cells lacking the specific sphingosine kinase LCB4 are sensitive to phytosphingosine and FTY720 but resistant to sphingosine, suggesting that FTY720 and phytosphingosine have a more related mechanism of action. Gene expression profile comparisons of sensitive and resistant yeast cells exposed to FTY720 and phytosphingosine highlight a number of similarities. In response to treatment with these compounds, approximately 77% of the genes that are regulated >2-fold by FTY720 also respond to phytosphingosine in the same direction in the parent strain. In addition, a close inspection of TAT1 and TAT2 transporters following exposure to phytosphingosine indicates that TAT1 protein is degraded in a similar fashion upon treatment with FTY720 and phytosphingosine. There were differences, however, with respect to the TAT2 protein level and the expression profiles of a subset of genes. The genetic, transcriptional, and biochemical data together indicate that FTY720 and phytosphingosine influence similar pathways in yeast cells. These findings offer further insights into the physiological pathways influenced by these compounds in all eukaryotic cells and help us to understand the therapeutic consequences of FTY720 in humans.
Laser-assisted fabrication of batteries on wax paper (2013)

The functionality of paper-based diagnostic devices can be significantly enhanced by their integration with an on-board energy source. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of paper-based electrochemical cells on wax paper using CO2 laser surface treatment and micromachining. A four cell zinc–copper battery shows a steady open-circuit voltage of ~3 V and can provide 0.25 mA for at least 30 min when connected to a 10 kΩ load. Higher voltages and current values can be obtained by adjusting the number and size of electrochemical cells in the battery without changing the fabrication process.
The effects of long-term noninvasive ventilation in hypercapnic COPD patients: a randomized controlled pilot study (2011)

We can conclude that in hypercapnic COPD patients treated with long-term NIV over 6 months, a mass flow redistribution occurs, providing a better ventilation-perfusion match and hence better blood gases and lung function. Control patients improve homogeneously in iVaw and iRaw, without improvement in gas exchange since there is no improved ventilation/perfusion ratio or increased alveolar ventilation. These differences in response can be detected through functional imaging, which gives a more detailed report on regional lung volumes and resistances than classical lung function tests do. Possibly only patients with localized small airway disease are good candidates for long-term NIV treatment. To confirm this and to see if better arterial blood gases also lead to better health related quality of life and longer survival, we have to study a larger population.
Perspectives on the Working-Class Family in Wartime Britain, 1939–1945 (1990)

In the late 1940s the British people seemed preoccupied with family and children to an unprecedented degree. A similar revival of family life occurred in other European countries, testimony to the common legacy of the war years, during which private life had been broken apart by death, forced separations, constant anxiety, and unaccustomed privation. But the specific form of postwar familial ideology in Britain reflects the complex circumstances, cultural traditions, and mood of the nation. Everywhere the faces of smiling, responsible parents and healthy, carefree children gazed out from advertising billboards and National Health posters, symbolic of the nation's “social capital” and a better future. Widespread concern about low birthrates helped to strengthen domestic and mothering images of women; magazines and radio espoused the ideas of a growing phalanx of child-care professionals; and government social policy redefined the reciprocal obligations of parents and the state, reflecting a new “social democratic” conception of family as the basic unit of society and the chief incubator of citizenship and community values.
A Packet Loss and Delay Measurement Profile for MPLS-Based Transport Networks (2011)

Procedures and protocol mechanisms to enable efficient and accurate measurement of packet loss, delay, and throughput in MPLS networks are defined in RFC 6374.
Holographic nondestructive evaluation: status and future (1983)

The results and conclusions of an extensive review of the literature and practice of holographic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) are reported. Although this technique has several technically unique features, and has been shown to be a feasible nondestructive testing technique in a very large number of laboratory investigations, its commercial application is rare. A counter example is its prevalent use in testing of aircraft and heavy equipment tires. The status of the technique is reviewed, recent and potential technical advances are enumerated, and suggestions of activities which would enable full realization and evaluation of the potential of holographic NDE in the future are made.
ACCELERATED STORAGE, SHELF LIFE AND COLOR OF MANGO POWDER (2005)

Vacuum-dried mango powder was produced from mango pulp through the addition of glycerol monostearate and tricalcium phosphate at 0.015 kg each per kg mango solids and maltodextrin at 0.62 kg per kg dry mango solids. The mango powder was packed in aluminum foil-laminated pouches and stored in an accelerated storage environment maintained at 90% relative humidity (RH) and 38 ± 2C. The sticky-point moisture content at 38 ± 2C was considered as the maximum moisture content to which the mango powder would remain stable. The shelf life of the powder predicted from this consideration and the Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) model for the water activity moisture content relationship was 114.68 days, whereas the actual shelf life was 105 days. The color change of the powder during storage followed first-order reaction kinetics with a rate constant of 0.038 per day.
Microbial tryptophan catabolites in health and disease (2018)

Accumulating evidence implicates metabolites produced by gut microbes as crucial mediators of diet-induced host-microbial cross-talk. Here, we review emerging data suggesting that microbial tryptophan catabolites resulting from proteolysis are influencing host health. These metabolites are suggested to activate the immune system through binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), enhance the intestinal epithelial barrier, stimulate gastrointestinal motility, as well as secretion of gut hormones, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative or toxic effects in systemic circulation, and putatively modulate gut microbial composition. Tryptophan catabolites thus affect various physiological processes and may contribute to intestinal and systemic homeostasis in health and disease.
The emergence of psychoanalytical electrochemistry: the translation of MDD biomarker discovery to diagnosis with electrochemical sensing (2022)

The disease burden and healthcare costs of psychiatric diseases along with the pursuit to understand their underlying biochemical mechanisms have led to psychiatric biomarker investigations. Current advances in evaluating candidate biomarkers for psychiatric diseases, such as major depressive disorder (MDD), focus on determining a specific biomarker signature or profile. The origins of candidate biomarkers are heterogenous, ranging from genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, while incorporating associations with clinical characterization. Prior to clinical use, candidate biomarkers must be validated by large multi-site clinical studies, which can be used to determine the ideal MDD biomarker signature. Therefore, identifying valid biomarkers has been challenging, suggesting the need for alternative approaches. Following validation studies, new technology must be employed to transition from biomarker discovery to diagnostic biomolecular profiling. Current technologies used in discovery and validation, such as mass spectroscopy, are currently limited to clinical research due to the cost or complexity of equipment, sample preparation, or measurement analysis. Thus, other technologies such as electrochemical detection must be considered for point-of-care (POC) testing with the needed characteristics for physicians' offices. This review evaluates the advantages of using electrochemical sensing as a primary diagnostic platform due to its rapidity, accuracy, low cost, biomolecular detection diversity, multiplexed capacity, and instrument flexibility. We evaluate the capabilities of electrochemical methods in evaluating current candidate MDD biomarkers, individually and through multiplexed sensing, for promising applications in detecting MDD biosignatures in the POC setting.
Metabolism of Metolachlor by a Microsomal Fraction Isolated from Grain Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor) Shoots (1990)

A microsomal fraction isolated from the shoots of 3- to 4-day-old, dark-grown, grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor cv. Funk G 522 DR) seedlings was characterized. The preparations had a cytochrome P-450 content that varied from approximately 90 to 150 pmol P-450/mg protein with cytochrome P-420 varying from 0 to 3% of the P-450 content. Type I difference spectra were formed with cinnamic acid and metolachlor, and a type II spectrum was formed with tetcyclacis. In short-term assays with [14C]metolachlor as substrate, the preparations produced a single time-dependent product that separated on silica gel TLC plates developed in benzene/acetone (2:1, v/v). RF values for metolachlor and the metabolite were approximately 0.70 and 0.48, respectively. The microsomal reaction required NADPH and oxygen, and was inhibited by carbon monoxide, with the inhibition being partially reversed by actinic light. Compounds known to inhibit the activity of cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases (piperonyl butoxide, tetcyclacis, and tridiphane) also prevented formation of the metabolite. Identity of the metabolite was confirmed by TLC and positive ion thermospray LC/MS to be 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide . Hence, the reaction catalyzed by the sorghum microsomes involved O-demethylation of the methoxypropyl side chain of metolachlor.
PENGARUH IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN DIKLATPIM POLA BARU DAN KOMPETENSI KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN KERINCI (2020)

With the formulation of the problem, whether there is an implementation of a new pattern of education and training policies and leadership competencies for the quality of public services in the Kerinci district government, both partially and simultaneously and how much is the implementation of the new pattern of education and training policies and leadership competencies for the quality of public services in the Kerinci district government. This study uses a quantitative approach, where the research method is to use multiple linear regression analysis. From the results of research using this method it is known that the implementation of the New Patterns of Education and Training policies has a positive effect on Public Services and Leadership has a negative effect on Public Services in the Kerinci Regency Government as evidenced by a tcount of 3.453 with a significance of 0.000 (sig> 5%) means that the implementation of the Education and Training Patterns policy. Recently, it has an effect on Public Services in the Government of Kerinci Regency and tcount is 1.711 with a significance of 0.443 (sig> 5%), which means that leadership has a negative effect on public services in the Kerinci Regency Government. The conclusion of this research is that the implementation of the new pattern of education and training policies has a positive effect on public services and leadership has a negative effect on public services in the Kerinci district government.
THE TALAYOTIC MONUMENTS OF MALLORCA: FORMATION PROCESSES AND FUNCTION (1989)

Summary. Talayots are stone monuments which were constructed singly, or as part of fortified settlements, in the Balearic islands during the late second and first millennia bc. Along with comparable monuments in Sardinia (‘nuraghi') and Corsica (‘torri'), there has been debate over their function(s) within Bronze and Iron Age societies. In recent intra‐site analyses, the material and faunal remains within such monuments have been contrasted with those found in surrounding, domestic structures. Interpretations of talayots as elite residences, or locations for ceremonial feasting, butchery and storage have been evaluated. Using data from talayot 4 at Son Ferrandell Oleza, the authors argue that an understanding of formation processes is an essential basis for any attempt to make such inferences about functional differentiation within Bronze and Iron Age settlements on West Mediterranean islands.
Development of an escalator riding robot: Experiment of riding on an up escalator (2014)

An escalator riding robot with increased mobile area has been developed. Using data from a laser range finder and a tactile sensor, the algorithm controls the timing of riding an escalator. The control method was verified by an experiment in which the robot successfully rode on an upward moving escalator. Next, the algorithm will be adapted for riding on a downward moving escalator, enabling free movement of patrol or tour services between upper and lower floors.
Triazine‐based tyrosinase inhibitors identified by chemical genetic screening (2005)

As most of the available depigmenting agents exhibit only modest activity and some exhibit toxicities that lead to adverse side effects after long-term usage, there remains a need for novel depigmenting agents. Chemical genetic screening was performed on cultured melanocytes to identify novel depigmenting compounds. By screening a tagged-triazine library, we identified four compounds, TGH11, TGD10, TGD39 and TGJ29, as potent pigmentation inhibitors with IC50 values in the range of 10 microM. These newly identified depigmenting compounds were found to function as reversible inhibitors of tyrosinase, the key enzyme involved in melanin synthesis. Tyrosinase was further confirmed as the cellular target of these compounds by affinity chromatography. Kinetic data suggest that all four compounds act as competitive inhibitors of tyrosinase, most likely competing with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) for binding to the DOPA-binding site of the enzyme. No effect on levels of tyrosinase protein, processing or trafficking was observed upon treatment of melanocytes with these compounds. Cytotoxicity was not observed with these compounds at concentrations up to 20 muM. Our data suggest that TGH11, TGD10, TGD39 and TGJ29 are novel potent tyrosinase inhibitors with potential beneficial effects in the treatment of cutaneous hyperpigmentation.
An architectural approach for reconfigurable industrial I/O devices (2014)

This paper presents an architecture concept for reconfigurable industrial I/O devices. In order to avoid the use of special hardware modules as well as to offload the PLC from real-time preprocessing of sensor data, these tasks are shifted into the reconfigurable I/O device. Therefore, an FPGA based architecture template is proposed that supports loading of application-specific functions into the I/O device at runtime. The architecture template is partitioned into a static part and several reconfigurable slots. While the static part implements all fixed design elements, like the communication with the field bus and the in-system CPU, all application-specific functions are mapped onto the reconfigurable slots. In order to perform the reconfiguration of application-specific functions at runtime, the partial reconfiguration technology of modern FPGAs is used. The proposed concept is evaluated by mapping a case study with four reconfigurable slots onto a Xilinx Zynq-7000 SoC. The results show that new application-specific functions can be flexibly loaded into the I/O device. The total reconfiguration process of exemplary application-specific functions requires up to 3 ms and cause down-times below 0.5 ms. This especially enables new control applications that can even change the preprocessing within I/O devices during cyclic data communication.
On Generation and Analysis of Synthetic Iris Images (2007)

The popularity of iris biometric has grown considerably over the past two to three years. It has resulted in the development of a large number of new iris encoding and processing algorithms. Since there are no publicly available large-scale and even medium-size data bases, neither of the newly designed algorithms has undergone extensive testing. The designers claim exclusively high recognition performance when the algorithms are tested on a small amount of data. In a large-scale setting, systems are yet to be tested. Since the issues of security and privacy slow down the speed of collecting and publishing iris data, an optional solution to the problem of algorithm testing is to synthetically generate a large scale data base of iris images. In this work, we describe a model-based method to generate iris images and evaluate the performance of synthetic irises by using a traditional Gabor filter-based iris recognition system. A comprehensive comparison of synthetic and real data is performed at three levels of processing: 1) image level, 2) texture level, and 3) decision level. A sensitivity analysis is performed to conclude on the importance of various parameters involved in generating iris images