gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Strongly-Resilient and Non-Interactive Hierarchical Key-Agreement in MANETs. (2008)

Key agreement is a fundamental security functionality by which pairs of nodes agree on shared keys to be used for protecting their pairwise communications. In this work we study key-agreement schemes that are well-suited for the mobile network environment. Specifically, we describe schemes with the following characteristics: • Non-interactive: any two nodes can compute a unique shared secret key without interaction; • Identity-based: to compute the shared secret key, each node only needs its own secret key and the identity of its peer; • Hierarchical: the scheme is decentralized through a hierarchy where intermediate nodes in the hierarchy can derive the secret keys for each of its children without any limitations or prior knowledge on the number of such children or their identities; • Resilient: the scheme is fully resilient against compromise of any number of leaves in the hierarchy, and of a threshold number of nodes in each of the upper levels of the hierarchy. Several schemes in the literature have three of these four properties, but the schemes in this work are the first to possess all four. This makes them well-suited for environments such as MANETs and tactical networks which are very dynamic, have significant bandwidth and energy constraints, and where many nodes are vulnerable to compromise. We provide rigorous analysis of the proposed schemes and discuss implementations aspects.
The Design and Experimental Use of a Chest Load-Distribution Transducer and Force-Indicating Legs for the Part 572 Dummy (1981)

<div class="htmlview paragraph"> </div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> </div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">The current Part 572 50th percentile male dummy's chest and legs only indirectly and incompletely measure the forces acting upon them - by spinal acceleration for the chest and by mid-femur axial force for the legs. A new chest and set of legs have been designed and are in experimental use in a Part 572 dummy which far more completely measure the forces acting upon them during crash testing.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> </div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">CHEST LOAD-DISTRIBUTION TRANSDUCER - Through three independent beams, with a small triaxial load cell located at the end of each beam, the vector direction and magnitude of the load can be measured at six key locations on the rib cage during the dynamic testing of restraint systems. The effect of small changes in the restraint system on the forces experienced by the thoracic area of the dummy can now be quantified. Some of the experimental results are discussed.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> </div> <div class="htmlview paragraph">FORCE-INDICATING LEGS - By use of these legs, femur and tibia triaxial, bending, and torsional loads can be measured along with tibia-femur (knee joint) shear loads and ankle upward bending loads. The knee joint also has force-deflection properties in shear. For the first time, these loads, induced by leg restraint systems, can be studied. Some of the experimental results are discussed.</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> </div>
Phase noise cancellation in coherent optical receivers by digital coherence enhancement (2010)

A novel technique to cancel laser phase noise in coherent receivers is proposed. The equivalent laser linewidth is reduced by a factor of 10, and coherent detection of DQPSK signals affected by strong phase noise is experimentally demonstrated.
A Monolithic Double Balanced Single Sideband Modulator (1987)

A novel approach to single sideband modulation is presented which employs two differential FET pairs to obtain carrier and undesired sideband cancellation throughout a broad frequency range. This double balanced structure is also space thrifty and contains only MESFETs as active elements, thus Iending itself to a monolithic implementation.
HDP-101: Preclinical evaluation of a novel anti-BCMA antibody drug conjugates in multiple myeloma. (2018)

e14527 Background: Currently, numerous antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are evaluated for hematologic malignancies with toxic payloads mainly affecting only proliferating cells, and thus resulting in limited efficacy in diseases with low proliferation. We focus on amanitin based ADCs (ATACs: antibody-targeted Amanitin conjugates) targeting BCMA (B Cell Maturation Antigen; CD269). Amanitin binds to RNA pol II and thereby inhibits the cellular transcription process at very low concentrations independent of cell proliferation. BCMA is selectively expressed on malignant plasma cells like in Multiple Myeloma (MM) and hence considered an ideal target for Amanitin based ADCs. Methods: Cell proliferation assay; subcutaneous and metastatic Mouse xenograft tumor models; tolerability in mice and non-human primates (NHP). Results: In vitro cytotoxic potency of HDP-101 was tested on BCMA-positive myeloma cell lines, as well as on non-proliferating primary CD138+ cells isolated from MM patients. In these cells, cytotoxic effects were already seen at pico- to nanomolar concentrations of HDP-101, in contrast to BCMA-negative control cells. In subcutaneous MM mouse xenograft models, HDP-101 caused dose-dependent tumor regression including complete remissions after a single i.v. dose of 2.0 mg/kg and 4.0 mg/kg. In disseminating MM models, this effect was already achieved after a single i.v. dose of 0.1 mg/kg. Safety profiling in non-human primates (NHP) revealed a good tolerability and wide therapeutic index after sequentially applied doses of 0.3 mg/kg, 1.0 mg/kg, and multiple dose applications of 4 x 3.0 mg/kg. Hematology and clinical chemistry parameters were unaffected except for a mild to moderate transient increase in liver enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase. The half-life of the HDP-101 in serum was ~12 days. Conclusions: The mode of action of amanitin led to an efficient anti-tumor response in vitro and in vivo with good tolerability in NHP yielding a very good therapeutic index. Amanitin-based ADCs in the therapy of multiple myeloma are a novel promising approach with a distinct mode of action to overcome drug resistance and improve patient outcome. A first-in-human trial with HDP-101 is expected to start in 2019.
Low Resolution ADC-DSP Scheme For Data-Centers PAM-4 Connections Based on Non-Uniform Quantization and MLSE (2016)

A new generation of combined ADC-DSP scheme is proposed. It is based on a novel non-uniform quantization method, optimized with MLSE based receivers. This inclusive optimization enables effective channel compensation using extremely low resolution ADC-DSP.
A Tuning Computation Technique for a Multiple-Antenna-Port and Multiple-User-Port Antenna Tuner (2016)

A multiple-user-port antenna tuner having the structure of a multidimensional<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>-network has recently been disclosed, together with design equations which assume lossless circuit elements. This paper is about the design of this type of antenna tuner, when losses are taken into account in each circuit element of the antenna tuner. The problem to be solved is the tuning computation, the intended results of which are the reactance values of the adjustable impedance devices of the antenna tuner, which provide an ideal match, if such reactance values exist. An efficient iterative tuning computation technique is presented and demonstrated.
Routing with a clue (1999)

We suggest a new simple forwarding technique to speed-up IP destination address lookup. The technique is a natural extension of IP, requires 5 bits in the IP header (IPv4, 7 in IPv6) and performs IP lookup nearly as fast as IP/Tag-switching but with a smaller memory requirement and a much simpler protocol. The basic idea is that each router adds a "clue" to each packet, telling its downstream router where it ended the IP lookup. Since the forwarding tables of neighboring routers are similar, the clue either directly determines the best prefix match for the downstream router, or provides the downstream router with a good point to start its IP lookup. The new scheme thus prevents repeated computations and distributes the lookup process across the routers along the packet path. Each router starts the lookup computation at the point its up-stream neighbor has finished. Furthermore, the new scheme is easily assimilated into heterogeneous IP networks, does not require routers coordination, and requires no setup time. Even a flow of one packet enjoys the benefits of the scheme without any additional overhead. The speedup we achieve is about 10 times faster than current standard techniques. In a sense this paper shows that the current routers employed in the Internet are clue-less; Namely, it is possible to speedup the IP-lookup by an order of magnitude without any major changes to the existing protocols.
A framework for the storage and retrieval of continuous media data (2002)

Continuous media applications require a guaranteed transfer rate of data, which conventional storage servers are not designed to provide. The aim of this paper is to provide a general framework for the design of storage servers that deal with both continuous and non-continuous media data. We present several algorithms for the concurrent transfer of continuous media data for multiple requests with different rates. The algorithms provide high throughout by reducing the seek latency time and by eliminating relational latency incurred when accessing data on disks. Each of these algorithms is accompanied by an admission control scheme to restrict the number of concurrent requests being serviced at any given time. We also augment these algorithms to support conventional data accesses without violating the rate guarantees of continuous media data requests. Finally, we extend our algorithms to deal with the newer disks, where transfer rates vary from one track to another. The algorithms presented in this paper are used in Fellini-a storage server for continuous and conventional data being implemented at AT&T Bell Laboratories.
Human antibody recognition of antigenic site IV on Pneumovirus fusion proteins (2018)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major human pathogen that infects the majority of children by two years of age. The RSV fusion (F) protein is a primary target of human antibodies, and it has several antigenic regions capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies. Antigenic site IV is preserved in both the pre-fusion and post-fusion conformations of RSV F. Antibodies to antigenic site IV have been described that bind and neutralize both RSV and human metapneumovirus (hMPV). To explore the diversity of binding modes at antigenic site IV, we generated a panel of four new human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and competition-binding suggested the mAbs bind at antigenic site IV. Mutagenesis experiments revealed that binding and neutralization of two mAbs (3M3 and 6F18) depended on arginine (R) residue R429. We discovered two R429-independent mAbs (17E10 and 2N6) at this site that neutralized an RSV R429A mutant strain, and one of these mAbs (17E10) neutralized both RSV and hMPV. To determine the mechanism of cross-reactivity, we performed competition-binding, recombinant protein mutagenesis, peptide binding, and electron microscopy experiments. It was determined that the human cross-reactive mAb 17E10 binds to RSV F with a binding pose similar to 101F, which may be indicative of cross-reactivity with hMPV F. The data presented provide new concepts in RSV immune recognition and vaccine design, as we describe the novel idea that binding pose may influence mAb cross-reactivity between RSV and hMPV. Characterization of the site IV epitope bound by human antibodies may inform the design of a pan-Pneumovirus vaccine.
Improved Hybrid Design of Polar Codes and Multi-Kernel Polar Codes (2019)

In this paper we propose a novel frozen set design for polar codes and multi-kernel polar codes. We improve the existing hybrid distance-reliability design by minimizing the upper bound of the overall system error probability instead of minimizing its lower bound as previously proposed. This allows to better trade reliabilities of the input bits against distance properties of the code. We describe the new design approach, propose a greedy algorithm to limit the complexity of the code construction process, and evaluate its performance through numerical examples. In both MK polar codes and conventional polar codes, a substantial performance improvement is observed, matching the performance of CRC-aided polar codes under SCL without the need for a CRC.
Investigating nanoparticle interactions from interparticle-to-nanocomposite (2015)

A series of core/shell Fe-oxide/SiO2 nanoparticles were produced to form Fe-oxide (1:1 Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3) cores with diameters of approximately 4.6 nm and shell thicknesses ranging from 3.6 to 5.4 nm. Hot press sintering of core/shell nanoparticles created a nanocomposite of Fe-oxide nanoparticles in a SiO2 matrix. The presence of an iron-orthosilicate at the core-shell interface defines the intrinsic magnetic properties of the nanoparticle systems, resulting in an increase in magnetic anisotropy with thicker SiO2 shell. We find that dipole-dipole interactions are mediated by the overall SiO2 shell, and that these interactions are coupling neighbouring particles' magnetization with increasing correlation lengths. When the nanoparticles from a composite material, packing significantly increases the interaction strengths, altering the overall magnetization of the system so that the iron-oxide cores present an approximate 25% increase in (saturation) magnetization to a bulk-like (∼80 emu/g) value.
Digital Knowledge and Diagnostic Information (2000)

Abstract Digital representation of diagnostic imagery offers mensuration, numeric data for diagnostic clue expression, objective assessment, and the option to define standards. Quantitative measurement allows the detection and documentation of very small differences and of diagnostic information that is visually not perceived. The automated extraction of such information from microscopic imagery is beginning to yield to knowledge guided image processing and the development of image understanding systems for machine vision. In a machine vision system, knowledge guidance may be provided by an expert system that controls a top to bottom scene segmentation with constant checks on local bottom-up derived segmentation results for compliance with model specifications and final scene reconstruction. Knowledge guidance is based on a knowledge file for the fully autonomous processing of scenes from a given domain. The knowledge file includes all entities representing traditional diagnostic and histologic terms and concepts: epithelium, stroma, lumen, nucleus, secretory cell, basal cell, stroma cell, chromatin, to name a few.
Programmed necrosis induced by asbestos in human mesothelial cells causes high-mobility group box 1 protein release and resultant inflammation (2010)

Asbestos carcinogenesis has been linked to the release of cytokines and mutagenic reactive oxygen species (ROS) from inflammatory cells. Asbestos is cytotoxic to human mesothelial cells (HM), which appears counterintuitive for a carcinogen. We show that asbestos-induced HM cell death is a regulated form of necrosis that links to carcinogenesis. Asbestos-exposed HM activate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, secrete H 2 O 2 , deplete ATP, and translocate high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and into the extracellular space. The release of HMGB1 induces macrophages to secrete TNF-α, which protects HM from asbestos-induced cell death and triggers a chronic inflammatory response; both favor HM transformation. In both mice and hamsters injected with asbestos, HMGB1 was specifically detected in the nuclei, cytoplasm, and extracellular space of mesothelial and inflammatory cells around asbestos deposits. TNF-α was coexpressed in the same areas. HMGB1 levels in asbestos-exposed individuals were significantly higher than in nonexposed controls ( P < 0.0001). Our findings identify the release of HMGB1 as a critical initial step in the pathogenesis of asbestos-related disease, and provide mechanistic links between asbestos-induced cell death, chronic inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Chemopreventive approaches aimed at inhibiting the chronic inflammatory response, and especially blocking HMGB1, may decrease the risk of malignant mesothelioma among asbestos-exposed cohorts.
Symbol-rate timing recovery comprising the optimum signal-to-noise ratio in a digital subscriber loop (1997)

The paper investigates a symbol-rate timing recovery algorithm that is based on the correlation between an error from the decision feedback equalizer and the arriving signal samples. The mean-square error due to uncancelled precursor intersymbol interference is applied as a criterion to choose optimal timing instants. Various signal and error combinations may be used to approximate its minimum as a function of the steady-state location of the sampling instants. The timing function is selected on the premise that the estimated correlation function passes through zero only once, at the desired sampling phase. We propose a semianalytical framework for analyzing the relationship among the timing estimate variance, the acceptable noise level, and the dead-zone thresholds. It allows us to achieve a compromise between, on the one hand, the ability to track and compensate for frequency drift and for changes in the transmission media, and on the other hand, immunity against unnecessary phase corrections. The performance of the postulated timing function is examined by means of simulations.
Properties of Planar Electric Metamaterials for Novel TeraHertz Applications (2007)

Planar electric metamaterials are experimentally studied in transmission and reflection utilizing terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Electrically resonant behavior is observed and provides an estimate of the frequency-dependent transmissivity, reflectivity, and absorptivity of metamaterial composites. Numerical simulations are in good agreement with the measured results and provide additional information helpful in understanding their electromagnetic response. Our results and approach help define the boundaries of a metamaterials-based design paradigm and should prove beneficial in future terahertz applications, particularly with respect to novel filtering, modulation, and switching devices. In addition, this work clarifies some of the mechanisms that limit efficient metamaterials operation at higher-frequencies.
Ripple Suppression of BLDC Motors With Finite Driver/Amplifer Bandwidth at High Velocity (2010)

The excitation currents of a brushless dc motor can be preshaped by an electronically controlled commutator based on position feedback so that the motor delivers ripple-free torque and simultaneously minimizes copper losses. However, at high rotor velocity, the commutator issues high frequency control signals which may not be precisely followed by the motor driver/amplifier due to its finite bandwidth. As a result, pulsation torque may appear at high velocities even though the commutator is calibrated to perfectly compensate the motor's position nonlinearity. This brief describes a modification to the commutation law based on Fourier coefficients in order to eliminate the velocity induce torque ripple. This is made possible by expressing the motor's current waveform as a function of not only the rotor angle but also the velocity and taking into account the amplifier dynamics model in the control design. A case study is appended that illustrates the proposed commutator nested inside a motion controller is able to eliminate the pulsation torque and velocity fluctuation at high velocities even if a low bandwidth amplifier is employed.
Analysis of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Capsid Protein Function in the Inhibition of Cellular Transcription (2007)

The encephalitogenic New World alphaviruses, including Venezuelan (VEEV), eastern (EEEV), and western equine encephalitis viruses, constitute a continuing public health threat in the United States. They circulate in Central, South, and North America and have the ability to cause fatal disease in humans and in horses and other domestic animals. We recently demonstrated that these viruses have developed the ability to interfere with cellular transcription and use it as a means of downregulating a cellular antiviral response. The results of the present study suggest that the N-terminal, approximately 35-amino-acid-long peptide of VEEV and EEEV capsid proteins plays the most critical role in the downregulation of cellular transcription and development of a cytopathic effect. The identified VEEV-specific peptide C(VEE)33-68 includes two domains with distinct functions: the alpha-helix domain, helix I, which is critically involved in supporting the balance between the presence of the protein in the cytoplasm and nucleus, and the downstream peptide, which might contain a functional nuclear localization signal(s). The integrity of both domains not only determines the intracellular distribution of the VEEV capsid but is also essential for direct capsid protein functioning in the inhibition of transcription. Our results suggest that the VEEV capsid protein interacts with the nuclear pore complex, and this interaction correlates with the protein's ability to cause transcriptional shutoff and, ultimately, cell death. The replacement of the N-terminal fragment of the VEEV capsid by its Sindbis virus-specific counterpart in the VEEV TC-83 genome does not affect virus replication in vitro but reduces cytopathogenicity and results in attenuation in vivo. These findings can be used in designing a new generation of live, attenuated, recombinant vaccines against the New World alphaviruses.
Efficient trans cleavage and a common structural motif for the ribozymes of the human hepatitis delta agent. (1991)

Cis-active ribozymes are potential therapeutic agents; however, to be used in this capacity, they must first be converted to trans-active ribozymes, a process facilitated by analysis of their structures. We present evidence that the genomic and antigenomic ribozymes of the human delta hepatitis agent share a structural ("axehead") motif that has conserved sequence elements and a stable hairpin. Guided by the features of the axehead, we divided each of the delta ribozymes into two subdomains, which we synthesized as separate RNA transcripts to give an enzyme and substrate for each ribozyme. Incubation of a substrate subdomain with its matching enzyme resulted in efficient and accurate trans cleavage. This work forms the basis for kinetic studies and for adapting the delta ribozymes for cleavage of selected target RNAs.
Damped resonance for broadband acoustic absorption in one-port and two-port systems (2019)

We demonstrate broadband perfect acoustic absorption by damped resonances through inclusion of lossy porous media. By minimally placing the lossy materials around the necks of single-resonance Helmholtz resonators, where acoustic energy is concentrated, we show an increase in absorption bandwidths (>100% of the resonance frequency). Using the damped resonance, we demonstrate three types of broadband acoustic absorbers in one-port and two-port systems: broadband absorbers (one-port), broadband sparse absorbers (two-port), and broadband duct absorbers (two-port). Our approach for broadband absorption allows to minimize the number of resonances for compact absorbers, while it is beneficial for practical applications owing to the minimum use of porous materials.