gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1749: CXCR4 inhibition modulates tumor microenvironment and robustly inhibits growth of B16-OVA melanoma (2018)

Abstract Background: The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is expressed on a range of immune cells. Additionally, CXCR4 has been found to be overexpressed in a variety of cancers and promotes cancer cell proliferation and metastasis, possibly by activating prosurvival signals that render cancer cells resistant to immune attack. Blockade of immune inhibitory pathways is emerging as an important therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer. In our previous studies, X4-136, a CXCR4 antagonist, alone and in combination with various immune checkpoint inhibitor,s exhibited potent antitumor activity in the B16-OVA murine melanoma model. We report here results from additional in vivo studies as well as in vitro mechanistic experiments to determine the impact of CXCR4 inhibition on tumor cell gene expression and on immune phenotypes within the tumor microenvironment. Methods: B16-OVA cells were implanted into C57BL/6 mice. Seven days post implantation, mice were treated with X4-136, anti-PD-L1, or the combination for 16 days. At sacrifice, tumors were excised and flash frozen in liquid nitrogen for Western blot analysis or treated with collagenase for the analysis of subpopulations of T-cells by FACS. Gene expression was determined by PCR and protein expression was analyzed by Western blot. Results: X4-136 alone demonstrated more robust activity than anti-PD-L1. The antitumor activity of the anti-PD-L1 was further enhanced in combination with X4-136. Analysis of infiltrating immune cells by flow cytometry showed that X4-136 alone or in combination led to an increase of CD8+ T cells as well as CD8 and perforin double-positive T cells. A trend of decrease in both immunosuppressive populations, Treg and MDSC, was observed. This combination also led to a decrease in the expression of HIF-2α and cyclin D1 in comparison to tumors from vehicle-treated mice by Western blot analysis, suggesting an antiproliferative effect. Additional analysis of impacted genes and pathways will also be presented. Conclusion: X4-136 alone increased tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cells and exhibited potent antitumor activity in the B16-OVA murine melanoma model. The enhanced antitumor activity was observed when X4-136 was added to anti-PD-L1 treatment. The activities observed were associated with the improved CD8+ T cells to Treg cells ratio and with improved tumor microenvironment. Citation Format: Ruchi Saxena, Yan Wang, James W. Mier. CXCR4 inhibition modulates tumor microenvironment and robustly inhibits growth of B16-OVA melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1749.
TCALAS: Temporal Credential-Based Anonymous Lightweight Authentication Scheme for Internet of Drones Environment (2019)

A user (external party) is interested in accessing the real-time data from some designated drones of a particular fly zone in the Internet of Drones (IoD) deployment. However, to provide this facility, the user needs to be authenticated by an accessed remote drone and vice-versa. After successful authentication both parties can establish a secret session key for the secure communication. To handle this important problem in IoD environment, we design a novel temporal credential based anonymous lightweight user authentication mechanism for IoD environment, called TCALAS. A detailed security analysis using formal security under the broadly applied real-or-random (ROR) model, formal security verification under the broadly used software verification tool, known as automated validation of internet security protocols and applications, and also informal security analysis reveal that TCALAS has the capability to resist various known attacks against passive/active adversary. In addition, a detailed comparative study has been conducted for TCALAS and other related schemes, and the study also reveals that TCALAS provides better security and functionality features, and lower costs in both computation and communication as compared to existing schemes.
Role of genetics and lifestyle in dysmenorrhea (2023)

The aim of this systematic review was to identify the current state of knowledge on the association between susceptibility genes associated with this disorder and the lifestyle of patients (including diet, habits and stress levels). It also highlighted the advances made in this field of study, from a constructive point of view, and pointed out the perspectives for research into this disorder. Dysmenorrhoea, as a primary and secondary disorder, is one of the main causes of partial or total disability in the life cycle of women, both in reproductive age and later. It is recognised as a painful and disabling disorder which, depending on the cultural context, may or may not be cured by medical care, physiotherapy and the use of pain-relieving drugs, from an unknown aetiology (primary dysmenorrhoea) or concomitantly to surgical intervention (secondary dysmenorrhoea). Lifestyle, habits and diet have been identified as related to the intensity of pain and the disability it causes (active or passive use of cigarettes, consumption of alcohol, etc.), and genes related to the interpretation of pain generated by the patient from the morphology of the hypothalamus and the associative function of pain (BNDF Val66Met polymorphism) have been identified, as well as alterations in cytokines (in primary dysmenorrhoea), prostaglandins and an influence of the Cyp1A1 gene (in passive smokers). The study perspective is usually non-integrative and limited to the site studied, as well as to professional, laboratory, imaging (gynaecological and genetic) and/or molecular resources, which can only in a few cases be of an integral approach. Limitations are compounded by the fact that not all the populations studied are usually educated about menstruation, which also limits compatibility and comparability among studies.
Bromoallenes as Synthetic Equivalents of Allyl Dications: Synthesis of Medium‐Sized Nitrogen Heterocycles through the Cyclization of Bromoallenes in the Presence of a Palladium(<scp>0</scp>) Catalyst and an Alcohol (2003)

A highly regio- and stereoselective synthesis of medium-sized nitrogen heterocycles has been developed (see scheme), based on the discovery that bromoallenes can act as an allyl dication equivalent in the presence of a palladium(0) catalyst and an alcohol. The intramolecular nucleophilic attack takes place exclusively at the central carbon atom of the allene moiety.
Significance of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Heat-Labile Toxin (LT) Enzymatic Subunit Epitopes in LT Enterotoxicity and Immunogenicity (2018)

Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ETEC) strains producing heat-labile toxin (LT) and/or heat-stable toxin (STa) are a top cause of children's diarrhea and travelers' diarrhea. Holotoxin-structured GM<sub>1</sub>-binding LT is a strong immunogen and an effective adjuvant, and can serve a carrier or a platform for multivalent vaccine development. However, the significance of peptide domains or epitopes of LT particularly enzymatic LT<sub>A</sub> subunit in association with LT enterotoxicity and immunogenicity has not been characterized. In this study, we identified B-cell epitopes <i>in silico</i> from LT<sub>A</sub> subunit and examined epitopes for immunogenicity and association with LT enterotoxicity. Epitopes identified from LT<sub>A</sub> subunit were individually fused to a modified chicken ovalbumin carrier protein, and each epitope-ovalbumin fusion was used to immunize mice. Data showed all 11 LT<sub>A</sub> epitopes were immunogenic; epitope 7 (<sup>105</sup>SPHPYEQEVSA<sup>115</sup>) induced greater titers of anti-LT antibodies which neutralized LT enterotoxicity more effectively. To examine these epitopes for the significance in LT enterotoxicity, we constructed LT mutants by substituting each of 10 epitopes at the toxic A1 domain of LT<sub>A</sub> subunit with a foreign epitope and examined LT mutants for enterotoxicity and GM<sub>1</sub>-binding activity. Data showed that LT mutants exhibited no enterotoxicity but retained GM<sub>1</sub>-binding activity. The results from this study indicated that while not all immunodominant LT<sub>A</sub> epitopes were neutralizing, LT mutants with an individual epitope substituted lost enterotoxicity but retained GM<sub>1</sub>-binding activity. These results provided additional information to understand LT immunogenicity and enterotoxicity and suggested the potential application of LT platform for multivalent vaccines against ETEC diarrhea and other diseases.<b>IMPORTANCE</b> No vaccine is licensed for enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (ETEC) strains, which remain a leading cause of diarrhea in children from developing countries and international travelers. GM<sub>1</sub>-binding heat-labile toxin (LT) which is a key virulence factor of ETEC diarrhea is a strong vaccine antigen and a self-adjuvant. LT can also serve a backbone or platform for MEFA (multiepitope fusion antigen), a newly developed structural vaccinology technology, to present heterogeneous epitopes (by replacing LT epitopes) and to mimic epitope antigenicity for development of broadly protective vaccines. Data from this study identified neutralizing LT epitopes and demonstrated that substitution of LT epitopes eliminated LT enterotoxicity without altering GM<sub>1</sub>-binding activity, suggesting LT is potentially a versatile MEFA platform to present heterogeneous epitopes for multivalent vaccines against ETEC and other pathogens.
新王国时期“有文化”的古埃及人 (2010)

3000多年前，埃及处于新王国时期的辉煌之中。尼罗河、国王谷、法老面具、木乃伊、镌刻在石头上的象形文字，描述了那时贵族们奢侈无度的生活，而普通古埃及人的生活却长期湮灭无闻．鲜为人知。终于，在一个叫德瑞尔美狄那的村落遗址上，考古学家们出乎意料地发现了大量文献。这些文字千年不灭，向世人揭开了几千年前普通埃及人的生活细节和社会风貌。
Interest Survey And Guide To Medical Schooladmissions For SOF Medics (2011)

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the Special Warfare Training Group, Airborne (SWTG)(A) at Fort Bragg, NC began a bilateral partnership in 2009 to enhance medical training, care and innovation in austere environments. As a result of this partnership, instructors from the Joint Special Operations Training Center have been completing month-long rotations in the North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center and University of North Carolina Hospitals. This rotation has been successful and prompted us to assess the interest of Special Operation Forces (SOF) medics is in pursuing careers in healthcare, especially medical school. We surveyed the Special Forces Medical Sergeant (SFMS) listserve on Army Knowledge Online (AKO) to collect these data. This article will review SFMS survey responses and offer information on how to negotiate medical school admissions.
Toward a Generalized Model of Biomedical Query Mediation to Improve Electronic Health Record Data Retrieval (2016)

The electronic health record (EHR) is an invaluable resource for medical knowledge discovery. EHR data interrogation requires significant medical and technical knowledge. To access EHR data, medical researchers often rely on query analysts to translate their EHR information needs into EHR database queries. The conversation between the medical researcher and the query analyst is an information needs negotiation; I have named this process biomedical query mediation (BQM). There exists no BQM standard to guide medical researchers and query analysts to effectively bridge the communication gap between these medical and technical experts. The current practice of BQM likely varies among query analysts. This variation may contribute to the delivery of EHR data sets with varying degrees of accuracy. For example, a query analyst may return an EHR dataset that misrepresents the medical researcher’s information need or another query analyst may return a different EHR dataset to the medical researcher for the same information need. The process used to formulate the medical researcher’s information need and translate that need into an executable EHR database query may have severe downstream consequences affecting the reliability and quality of EHR datasets for medical research. This dissertation contributes early understandings of the BQM process and thereby improves the transparency and highlights the complexity of BQM by completing five studies: 1) survey the literature from other information intensive scientific disciplines to identify knowledge and methods potentially useful for BQM, 2) perform a review of existing tools and forms for assisting researchers in BQM, 3) perform a content analysis of the BQM process, 4) conduct a cognitive task analysis to detail a generalized workflow, and 5) develop an enriched concept schema to capture comprehensive EHR data needs. This dissertation employs extensive qualitative methods using grounded theory, expert interviews, and cognitive task analysis to produce a deep understanding of BQM. Additionally, I contribute a promising concept class schema to represent medical researchers’ EHR data needs to help standardize the BQM process.
Synthesis, chemistry, physicochemical properties and industrial applications of amino acid surfactants: A review (2018)

Surfactant use throughout mankind is extensive, from their initial applications as detergents extending to use in medicine, lubricant, cosmetics and even enhanced oil recovery. However, the image of surfactant use has in the past been tarnished by issues with low biodegradability and their synthesis from nonsustainable resources. Amino acid–based surfactants are a class of surfactants derived from a hydrophobe source coupled with simple amino acids, mixed amino acids from synthesis or from protein hydrolysates, and as such can be derived solely from renewable resources. There are several pathways for their synthesis and this allows for extensive structural diversity in this class of surfactants, resulting in widespread tuneable functionality in their physiochemical properties. This review includes the details of most of the available routes of synthesis for amino acid surfactants (AASs) and the impact of the diverse routes on their final physiochemical properties, including solubility, dispersability, toxicity and biodegradability. The diversity offered by the structural variation in AASs offers many exciting commercial opportunities for this ever-growing class of surfactants. It also includes a discussion on current and future potential uses of AASs.
Association Between a Genetic Variant Related to Glutamic Acid Metabolism and Coronary Heart Disease in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes (2013)

A single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs10911021) was identified that was significantly associated with CHD among persons with diabetes but not in those without diabetes and was functionally related to glutamic acid metabolism, suggesting a mechanistic link.
Active nodal task seeking (ANTS): an approach to high-performance, ultradependable computing (1995)

The active nodal task seeking (ANTS) approach to the design of multicomputer systems is named for its basic component: an active nodal task-seeker (ANT). In this system, there is no load balancing or load sharing, instead, each ANT computing node is actively finding out how it can contribute to the execution of the needed tasks. A run-time partition is established such that some of the ANT computing nodes are under exhaustive diagnosis at any given time. An ANTS multicomputer system can achieve a mean time to failure of more than 20 years with just 8 computing nodes and 3 buses, while the minimum requirements are 3 computing nodes and 1 bus, and with a worst case computing node failure rate of 5/spl times/10/sup -4//h. This work has been motivated by the need to develop high-performance multicomputer systems for radar, active and passive sonar, and electronic warfare that can provide ultradependable performance for more than 20 years without field repairs. We argue that high performance is also an attribute of an ANTS computing system, because the overhead of dynamic task scheduling is reduced and because efficient use is made of the available processing resources.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Realistic bug triaging (2016)

The task of assigning a bug report to the developer "best" able to address it involves identifying a list of developers qualified to understand and address the bug report and ranking them according to their expertise. Most research in this area addresses this task by matching the description of the bug report and the developers' prior development and bug-fixing activities.
Adjustable fluidic lenses for ophthalmic corrections (2009)

We report on two fluidic lenses that have been developed for ophthalmic applications. The lenses use a circular aperture to demonstrate optical powers between -20 and +20 D and a rectangular aperture to demonstrate astigmatism with values ranging from 0 to 8 D. Measurements of image quality were made with the fluidic lens using a model eye. Both lenses were variable and controllable by adjusting the fluid volume of the lens. To the best of our knowledge this is the first demonstration of a continuously variable lens for control of astigmatism.
FedLoc: Federated Learning Framework for Data-Driven Cooperative Localization and Location Data Processing (2020)

In this overview paper, data-driven learning model-based cooperative localization and location data processing are considered, in line with the emerging machine learning and big data methods. We first review (1) state-of-the-art algorithms in the context of federated learning, (2) two widely used learning models, namely the deep neural network model and the Gaussian process model, and (3) various distributed model hyper-parameter optimization schemes. Then, we demonstrate various practical use cases that are summarized from a mixture of standard, newly published, and unpublished works, which cover a broad range of location services, including collaborative static localization/fingerprinting, indoor target tracking, outdoor navigation using low-sampling GPS, and spatio-temporal wireless traffic data modeling and prediction. Experimental results show that near centralized data fitting- and prediction performance can be achieved by a set of collaborative mobile users running distributed algorithms. All the surveyed use cases fall under our newly proposed Federated Localization (FedLoc) framework, which targets on collaboratively building accurate location services without sacrificing user privacy, in particular, sensitive information related to their geographical trajectories. Future research directions are also discussed at the end of this paper.
Asymmetric 1,4-Addition of Organosiloxanes to α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds Catalyzed by a Chiral Rhodium Complex (2002)

Highly enantioselective 1,4-addition of organosiloxanes to alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds was found to be catalyzed by a chiral rhodium complex generated from [Rh(cod)(MeCN)(2)]BF(4) and (S)-BINAP. Both (E)- and (Z)-1-alkenyl groups as well as aryl groups can be introduced enantioselectively into the beta-position of a variety of ketones, esters, and amides. [reaction--see text]
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity and Protein Oxidative Modification in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2013)

Objectives. The aim of the present investigation was to study the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and correlate its activity to protein oxidation markers in type 2 diabetic patients under poor glycemic control. Methods. G6PD activity, protein carbonyl group concentration, and total thiol group content were measured in blood samples of 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus under poor glycemic control and 20 healthy control subjects. Results. G6PD activity and total thiol group content decreased significantly while glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and protein carbonyl group concentration increased significantly in diabetic patients than in the controls (P < 0.001). In addition, Obtained results revealed that, in diabetics, G6PD activity negatively correlated to protein carbonyl and HbA1C (r = -0.77 and -0.65, resp.), while positively correlated to total thiol (r = 0.66) and protein carbonyl negatively correlated to total thiol (r = -0.85), while positively correlated to HbA1C (r = 0.43). Also in controls, G6PD activity negatively correlated to protein carbonyl and HbA1C (r = -0.57 and -0.56, resp.), while positively correlated to total thiol (r = 0.5) and protein carbonyl negatively correlated to total thiol (r = -0.48), while positively correlated to HbA1C (r = 0.68). Conclusions. We concluded that G6PD activity decreased in diabetics than in controls and was negatively correlated to oxidative stress markers and HbA1C. G6PD activity can be taken as a biomarker of oxidative stress and poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.
A New Fragmentation Reaction of γ-Oxosulfonium Methylides (1992)

Abstract Reactions of sulfonium methylides attached to a 5- or 6-membered cycloalkanone undergo the ring-fission as a major reaction course to give α-methylene-ω-(phenylthio)carboxylates, whereas sulfonium methylides attached to a larger ring give α-methylenecycloalkanones predominantly. Reactions of the acyclic compounds are also examined.
Porous structure of Purevision™ versus Focus® Night&Day™ and conventional hydrogel contact lenses (2002)

The surface and bulk structures of hydrogel contact lenses that contain siloxane moieties, Purevisiontrade mark (balafilcon A) and Focus(R)Night&Daytrade mark (lotrafilcon A), were investigated. Standard hydrogel lenses of low (Seequence(R)), medium (Acuvue(R)), and high water content (Precision UV(R)) were used as controls. All the lenses were dehydrated in a series of ethanol solutions of increased concentration, critical-point dried in CO(2), and sputter coated with gold/palladium before they were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Of all lenses examined, only the balafilcon lenses presented, in addition to the polymer network porosity characteristic of all hydrogels, a macroporous structure that was observed on the front and back surfaces, and in their bulk. The average diameter of the macropores appears to be much larger, from one to several orders of magnitude, than the network porosity of standard hydrogel lenses. The macropores might contribute to the gas and water permeability of these lenses, as well as to their mobility on the cornea.
[Application of novel clinicopathological biomarkers]. (2012)

To contribute the order-made medicine for cancer treatments, we have originally searched several biomarkers in the last decade. Some have been used as immunohistochemically novel biomarkers for the cancer diagnosis, and the others have applied to molecular target for the cancer therapy. RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1 (RB1CC1; also known as FIP200) plays important roles in biological pathways such as cell cycle arrest and autophagy, and the nuclear expression has been established as a prognostic predictor in breast and salivary cancer patients. RECQL1 and WRN protein are RecQ DNA helicases that participate in suppression of DNA hyper-recombination and repair. We have found that both proteins are highly expressed and that siRNA-mediated silencing of either gene suppressed head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in vitro and in vivo. The data offer a preclinical proof-of-concept for RecQ proteins as novel therapeutic targets to treat aggressive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. In testicular germ cell tumors, the fetal-specific methyltransferase-like protein DNMT3L is expressed, and has been used as a novel marker of human embryonal carcinoma. Further elucidation of the roles of DNMT3L in vivo warrants a possible significance as a therapeutic target of embryonal carcinoma. These novel biomarkers such as RB1CC1, RecQ, and DNMT3L provide new insight into cancer diagnosis and therapy; and will help to realize the order-made medicine.