gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Glycerol-Based Dendrimer Nanocomposite Film as a Tunable pH-Sensor for Food Packaging (2021)

Large amounts of food are wasted during the food supply chain. This loss is in part due to consumer confusion over dates on food packages that can indicate a variety of quality indicators in the product (e.g., expiration date, "best by" date, "sell by" dates, etc.). To reduce this food loss, much research has been focused on the films that offer simple and easily manipulated indication systems to detect food spoilage. However, these materials are usually hydrophilic biopolymers that can detect the food spoilage in a wide pH range but do not provide highly sensitive real-time measurements. In this work, a glycerol-based nanocomposite core-shell latex film was synthesized to create a responsive packaging material that can provide real-time pH detection of food with high sensitivity. First, the pH-responsive dendrimer comonomer was synthesized from glycerol and diamine. Then, the nanoencapsulation polymerization process via miniemulsion was conducted to form a core-shell structure with tunable nanoshell thickness for a sensible pH-responsive release (<0.5 pH change). Next, the flexible film encapsulated a color-indicative dye that provided highly sensitive and visible color changes as both the pH dropped and the time elapsed in the food. This film also provided a barrier to water and heat and resisted deformation. Ultimately, this nanocomposite flexible film pending a pH sensor has the potential as an intelligent food packaging material for a universal, accurate, easy-to-use, and real-time food spoilage monitoring system to reduce food waste.
Method And Apparatus For Determining Health Of Thermal Barrier Coatings (2005)

A method for determining past-service conditions and/or remaining useful life of a component of a combustion engine and/or a thermal barrier coating ("TBC") of the component comprises providing a photoluminescent ("PL") material in the TBC, directing an exciting radiation at the TBC, measuring the intensity of a characteristic peak in the emission spectrum of the PL material, and correlating the intensity of the characteristic peak or another quantity derived therefrom to an amount of a new phase that has been formed as a result of the exposure of the component to extreme temperatures. An apparatus for carrying out the method comprises a radiation source that provides the exciting radiation to the TBC, a radiation detector for detecting radiation emitted by the PL material, and means for relating a characteristic of the emission spectrum of the PL material to the amount of the new phase in the TBC, thereby inferring the past-service conditions or the remaining useful life of the component.
Fibrillar Amyloid-β Peptides Kill Human Primary Neurons via NADPH Oxidase-mediated Activation of Neutral Sphingomyelinase (2004)

Alzheimer's disease is a major illness of dementia characterized by the presence of amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and extensive neuronal apoptosis. However, the mechanism behind neuronal apoptosis in the Alzheimer's-diseased brain is poorly understood. This study underlines the importance of neutral sphingomyelinase in fibrillar Abeta peptide-induced apoptosis and cell death in human primary neurons. Abeta1-42 peptides induced the activation of sphingomyelinases and the production of ceramide in neurons. Interestingly, neutral (N-SMase), but not acidic (A-SMase), sphingomyelinase was involved in Abeta1-42-mediated neuronal apoptosis and cell death. Abeta1-42-induced production of ceramide was redox-sensitive, as reactive oxygen species were involved in the activation of N-SMase but not A-SMase. Abeta1-42 peptides induced the NADPH oxidase-mediated production of superoxide radicals in neurons that was involved in the activation of N-SMase, but not A-SMase, via hydrogen peroxide. Consistently, superoxide radicals generated by hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase also induced the activation of N-SMase, but not A-SMase, through a catalase-sensitive pathway. Furthermore, antisense knockdown of p22phox, a subunit of NADPH oxidase, inhibited Abeta1-42-induced neuronal apoptosis and cell death. These studies suggest that fibrillar Abeta1-42 peptides induce neuronal apoptosis through the NADPH oxidase-superoxide-hydrogen peroxide-NS-Mase-ceramide pathway.
Injectable melatonin: an anti-cancer and anti-viral treatment option (2020)

Intravenous infusion of high doses of melatonin would represent the most eligible route to treat conveniently patients hospitalized in critical care units or with undergoing oncologic therapies, wherein adequate, accurate and constant dosages and high levels of melatonin would be required. After several attempts, a stable concentrate bulk solution of 10% melatonin (Survivis®) has been successfully achieved. The injectable route is also referred for lifethreatening injuries.
Ammonium and Guanidinium Functionalized Hydrogels as Bile Acid Sequestrants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Biological Properties (2004)

Abstract Novel cationic polymers as bile acid sequestrants (BAS) have been considered to be an attractive long‐term therapy for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Due to the poor in vivo efficacy of the first generation of BAS like cholestyramine and colestipol, there is a need for discovering new generations of potent BAS. As part of our polymeric drug discovery efforts, we have developed a facile route to prepare functional hydrogels bearing pendant amine and guanidinium groups. The polymeric amines were prepared either by direct polymerization of amine containing monomers or by chemical modification of suitable polymeric precursors. Polymers bearing guanidinium groups were obtained by a polymer analog reaction on crosslinked polymeric amines (primary or secondary) using a readily available guanylating agent in aqueous medium. Incorporation of guanidinium groups to these polymers occurs under mild reaction condition. A numbers of polymer structures with pendant amine and guanidinium groups located at varying distances from the polymer backbone were obtained. These polymeric ammonium and guanidinium salts were evaluated in vivo as BAS and hence cholesterol lowering agents.
Preventing Vapor Deposition Of The Backs Of Substrates (1991)

Technique prevents back-side deposition on substrates in impinging chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) system developed. Applied in selective deposition of silicon on silicon carbide. Inexpensive, does not require any machining to remove excess material, and easy to use. Used successfully in selective depostion of SiC and Si in CVD reactor.
Progress in the opto-electronic oscillator - a ten year anniversary review (2004)

The opto-electronic oscillator (OEO), which uses an optical energy storage element to achieve low phase noise, represents a paradigm shift for generating high quality microwave signals. Since its first demonstration of low phase noise potential ten years ago at JPL, the OEO has been steadily improving its phase noise performance, frequency stability, and robustness. Now the OEO has moved beyond the laboratory and entered into real world applications, ranging from aerospace to telecommunications to instrumentation.
Dynamic Tardos Traitor Tracing Schemes (2013)

We construct binary dynamic traitor tracing schemes, where the number of watermark bits needed to trace and disconnect any coalition of pirates is quadratic in the number of pirates, and logarithmic in the total number of users and the error probability. Our results improve upon results of Tassa, and our schemes have several other advantages, such as being able to generate all codewords in advance, a simple accusation method, and flexibility when the feedback from the pirate network is delayed.
Two‐dimensional selective adiabatic pulses (1992)

Using the technique of separable k-space excitation, we have designed a two-dimensional selective adiabatic pulse that inverts magnetization from a square region in the xy plane with insensitivity to RF variations. We also have designed a two-dimensional adiabatic pulse that inverts selectively in frequency and in one spatial dimension. The pulses should be useful for both MR imaging and spectroscopy. We present experimental results to demonstrate that the two-dimensional adiabatic pulses are feasible on commercial MR imaging systems.
IMAGING SPECTROMETER AND ITS APPLICATION TO PLANT STRESS PHYSIOLOGY (1994)

The goal of our project is to develop a non-invasive means to monitor the physiological status of plants. Spectral image acquisition is a powerful analytical approach for determining chemically distinct species in heterogeneous materials. It was found by Callis and Brukner that the combination of a continuously tunable monochromatic light with a thermoelectric-cooled CCD detector offered the best approach. In the in vivo spectra of leaf, researches has been focused on interpreting the visible spectra in terms of the profile of various types of chlorophyll-protein complexes and relating these to selected aspects of plant pathology and physiology. A computer interfaced imaging spectrometer employing a CCD detector was constructed. It can record the transmitted spectra of up to 31,680 positions for each sample. The instrument was used to study in vivo spectra of sugar cane and barley leaves. The light harvesting complex proteins were then `interpreted from the spectra and were shown graphically. Excellent results were also obtained when we measured the relative respiration rate of plant roots. A pH sensitive dye Resazurin was used to show the pH changes around a soybean root. The spectral images changing as a function of time were recorded and the relative respiration rate of any position of the root could be determined.
Cuffless Evaluation of Arterial Pressure Waveform using Flexible Force Sensor: A Proof of Principle (2019)

In recent years, thin, flexible force sensors have appeared and been widely used as pressure sensors. These sensing elements are now emerged into robotics, sport, and instrumentation applications due to their thin and flexible construction with the ability to operate at low pressures. However, their potential applications in medical instrumentation as a noninvasive force/pressure sensing element has not been explored widely. In this work, we investigated the performance of a commercial flexible force sensing resistor (FSR) to assess arterial pressure waveform (in units of mmHg) from the captured skin surface pressure, with a one-time calibration. Extensive in-vitro experimental work on this approach was conducted using a fully automated arterial flow phantom. The phantom was specially designed to resemble the anatomy of the human neck, comparing a carotid vessel encompassed with a tissue-like silicone material. The pulsatile flow of blood mimicking fluid with programmable flow rate and pulse rate provided an in-vitro system simulating blood circulation through the human carotid artery. A custom hand-held probe and signal acquisition hardware was developed to acquire the pulsatile force acting on the tissue surface due to the transmural pressure. A calibration model was developed to estimate the morphology of true transmural pressure, using a clinical-grade catheter inserted into the phantom as the reference standard. Following the one-time calibration, FSR sensor continuously captured arterial pressure waveform with a root-mean-square-error less than 8 mmHg. Studies were conducted under various simulated test conditions and evaluated the accuracy of pressure wave assessment. The effect of operator dependent hold-down pressure on the sensing performance of FSR was also investigated. Overall, the proposed approach provided a cost-effective system for continuous assessment of arterial pressure waveform with potential applications in unobtrusive, long-term monitors.
A 500 dpi capacitive-type CMOS fingerprint sensor with pixel-level adaptive image enhancement scheme (2003)

A 500 dpi capacitive CMOS fingerprint sensor with pixel-level adaptation image enhancement uses virtually-grounded metal shields to suppress parasitic capacitances and capacitive switching networks to generate local threshold level. A 210×100 sensor in 0.6 μm CMOS consumes 40 mW at 5 V supply.
Research on the mode switching control of vehicle electromagnetic suspension employing linear motor (2020)

An electromagnetic suspension employing linear motor is able to harvest the energy otherwise wasted in the suspension vibration while the vehicle is running on rough road. A switch method of operation modes is put forward to coordinate the contradiction between energy regeneration and vibration isolation. A dynamic model is created to analyse the general properties of energy regeneration suspension under different working modes. Both simulation and experiments are conducted to verify the modelling and advantages. In energy regenerative mode, the dynamic properties of electromagnetic suspension are basically coincident with those of passive suspension, and more than 14 W of electricity is harvested while driving at 20 m s−1 on level C road. In active control mode, the RMS of vehicle body vertical acceleration and tyre dynamic load are decreased by 21.35% and 4.24% respectively, much better than passive suspension, which proves that the mode switching method is simple and effective.
Method for the preparation of radon-211. [Patent application] (1980)

A method is claimed for the production of /sup 211/Rn which can be easily isolated from the target and obtained in high yields. It is claimed that the radioisotope /sup 211/Rn can be prepared by the bombardment of /sup 209/Bi with /sup 7/Li particles using the nuclear reaction /sup 209/Bi(/sup 7/Li,5n)/sup 211/Rn. The /sup 211/Rn can be isolated from the target quite easily by degassing at elevated temperatures and the radiochemical purity of the product is better than 98%. It can thus be used as a generator system for /sup 211/At which is of potential interest in biomedical applications. The excitation function for this reaction is about from 40 to 60 MeV and the cross section for /sup 211/Rn production reaches 650 mb at 53 MeV producing a saturation yield of 5.5 ..mu..Ci/nA.
Catalytic Transformation of Persistent Contaminants Using a New Composite Material Based on Nanosized Zero-Valent Iron (2012)

A new composite material based on deposition of nanosized zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles and cyanocobalamine (vitamin B12) on a diatomite matrix is presented, for catalytic transformation of organic contaminants in water. Cyanocobalamine is known to be an effective electron mediator, having strong synergistic effects with nZVI for reductive dehalogenation reactions. This composite material also improves the reducing capacity of nZVI by preventing agglomeration of iron nanoparticles, thus increasing their active surface area. The porous structure of the diatomite matrix allows high hydraulic conductivity, which favors channeling of contaminated water to the reactive surface of the composite material resulting in faster rates of remediation. The composite material rapidly degrades or transforms completely a large spectrum of water contaminants, including halogenated solvents like TCE, PCE, and cis-DCE, pesticides like alachlor, atrazine and bromacyl, and common ions like nitrate, within minutes to hours. A field experiment where contaminated groundwater containing a mixture of industrial and agricultural persistent pollutants was conducted together with a set of laboratory experiments using individual contaminant solutions to analyze chemical transformations under controlled conditions.
Automated processing of whole blood samples into microliter aliquots of plasma (1988)

A rotor that accepts and automatically processes a bulk aliquot of a single blood sample into multiple aliquots of plasma has been designed and built. The rotor consists of a central processing unit, which includes a disk containing eight precision-bore capillaries. By varying the internal diameters of the capillaries, aliquot volumes ranging 1 to 10 mul can be prepared. In practice, an unmeasured volume of blood is placed in a centre well, and, as the rotor begins to spin, is moved radially into a central annular ring where it is distributed into a series of processing chambers. The rotor is then spun at 3000 rpm for 10 min. When the centrifugal field is removed by slowly decreasing the rotor speed, an aliquot of plasma is withdrawn by capillary action into each of the capillary tubes. The disk containing the eight measured aliquots of plasma is subsequently removed and placed in a modifed rotor for conventional centrifugal analysis. Initial evaluation of the new rotor indicates that it is capable of producing discrete, microliter volumes of plasma with a degree of accuracy and precision approaching that of mechanical pipettes.
Paste Type Nickel Electrode Containing Compound And At Least One Other Element (2023)

The present invention provides a paste type nickel electrode for a storage cell having an alkaline electrolyte, the electrode comprising a current collector and a paste containing a nickel-based hydroxide and an oxidized compound of cobalt syncrystallized with at least one other element, wherein said hydroxide forms a first powder and wherein said compound forms a second powder distinct from said first powder, said powders being mixed mechanically within said paste.
Baicalein and Baicalin Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 RNA-Dependent-RNA Polymerase (2021)

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a deadly emerging infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Because SARS-CoV-2 is easily transmitted through the air and has a relatively long incubation time, COVID-19 has rapidly developed into a global pandemic. As there are no antiviral agents for the prevention and treatment of this severe pathogen except for remdesivir, development of antiviral therapies to treat infected individuals remains highly urgent. Here, we showed that baicalein and baicalin exhibited significant antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19 through in vitro studies. Our data through cell-based and biochemical studies showed that both compounds act as SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors directly and inhibit the activity of the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, but baicalein was more potent. We also showed specific binding of baicalein to the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, making it a potential candidate for further studies towards therapeutic development for COVID-19 as a selective non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitor.
Spectrum sensing techniques for nonlinear radar (2014)

In this paper, spectrum sensing techniques are explored for nonlinear radar. These techniques use energy detection to identify an unoccupied receive frequency for nonlinear radar. A frequency is considered unoccupied if it satisfies the following criteria: 1) for a given frequency of interest, its energy must be below a predetermined threshold; 2) the surrounding energy of this frequency must also be below a predetermined threshold. Two energy detection techniques are used to select an unoccupied frequency. The first technique requires the fast Fourier transform and a weighting function to test the energy in neighboring frequency bins; both of these procedures may require a high degree of computational resources. The second technique uses multirate digital signal processing and the fast binary search techniques to lower the overall computational complexity while satisfying the requirements for an unoccupied frequency.
Nanocrystalline phosphors (1998)

Abstract— We report the first photoluminescent properties of manganese‐doped ZnS nanoparticles prepared in mesoporous cavities of a self‐assembled bicontinuous cubic phase of a surfactant. The average size of the nanocrystals was 2.5 ± 0.5 nm. The photoluminescence was maximum for 0.7 mole% of manganese in the aqueous solution used to make the nanocrystals. The quantum yield at this Mn concentration was greater than 20%, with an orange‐red emission at 592 nm. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies indicate that there is, on the average, less than one isolated Mn ion per nanocrystal.
A resources allocation algorithm based on media task QoS in cloud computing (2013)

Consider service satisfaction of multitask in cloud media, a resources allocation algorithm based on Media Task QoS (RAMTQ) is put forward. Firstly, according to media task features, QoS weight vector and expected resources vector are obtained; then we work out resources similarity vector between alternative resources and expected resources by linear normalization, further to obtain the service satisfaction by Euclidean distance; finally, the resources corresponding to the maximum service satisfaction are allocated. The simulation illustrates the effectiveness of the algorithm.
70‐4L: <i>Late‐News Paper</i>: Large‐Area Single‐Layer Capacitive Touch Panel (2017)

A 13 inch x 22 inch capacitive touch panel is presented with a single pattern transparent conductor. The touch panel uses a gradient sensor design enabled by a low haze, silver‐based transparent conductor with a sheet resistance of 7 ohm/sq that allows for scaling to larger sizes. The transparent conductor is patterned by laser ablation. The touch panel glass is one of two glass substrates in a rugged, laminated assembly.
PETA: Privacy Enabled Task Allocation (2020)

Service organizations need to comply with numerous data regulations to protect and preserve their customers' privacy. Any misuse of data and privacy breach can affect the organizations' reputation and brand image. In service delivery scenarios, such as IT support help desk, agents need to access customer data to serve them effectively. This data often includes sensitive and personally identifiable information of the customer. While some amount of data exposure is needed to serve a customer, however, exposure to more data than required could be a threat to an individual's privacy. Hence, organizations need to design methodologies to ensure customer privacy while achieving minimal cost of operations.In this paper, we propose the Privacy Enabled Task Allocation (PETA) model for assigning customer requests to agents so that the overall cost of operations and data exposure is minimal. Data exposure is minimized by restricting the amount of data exposure per agent and by regulating the assignment of tasks. The PETA problem is modelled as an integer linear program, which is NP-hard. To solve this combinatorial hard problem, we have designed an allocation algorithm based on the linear programming relaxation for finding a quick feasible solution.