gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The net acid extruders NHE1, NBCn1 and MCT4 promote mammary tumor growth through distinct but overlapping mechanisms (2018)

High metabolic and proliferative rates in cancer cells lead to production of large amounts of H<sup>+</sup> and CO<sub>2</sub> , and as a result, net acid extruding transporters are essential for the function and survival of cancer cells. We assessed protein expression of the Na<sup>+</sup> /H<sup>+</sup> exchanger NHE1, the Na<sup>+</sup> - HCO3- cotransporter NBCn1, and the lactate-H<sup>+</sup> cotransporters MCT1 and -4 by immunohistochemical analysis of a large cohort of breast cancer samples. We found robust expression of these transporters in 20, 10, 4 and 11% of samples, respectively. NHE1 and NBCn1 expression both correlated positively with progesterone receptor status, NHE1 correlated negatively and NBCn1 positively with HER2 status, whereas MCT4 expression correlated with lymph node status. Stable shRNA-mediated knockdown (KD) of either NHE1 or NBCn1 in the MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line significantly reduced steady-state intracellular pH (pH<sub>i</sub> ) and capacity for pH<sub>i</sub> recovery after an acid load. Importantly, KD of any of the three transporters reduced in vivo primary tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 xenografts. However, whereas KD of NBCn1 or MCT4 increased tumor-free survival and decreased in vitro proliferation rate and colony growth in soft agar, KD of NHE1 did not have these effects. Moreover, only MCT4 KD reduced Akt kinase activity, PARP and CD147 expression and cell motility. This work reveals that different types of net acid extruding transporters, NHE1, NBCn1 and MCT4, are frequently expressed in patient mammary tumor tissue and demonstrates for the first time that they promote growth of TNBC human mammary tumors in vivo via distinct but overlapping mechanisms.
B-Chromosome Drive (1991)

The view of B-chromosome polymorphisms that is coming into favor resembles the so-called "parasitic" model, which was first advanced 45 yr ago. Since that time, repeated and ongoing efforts have been made to ascribe an adaptive role to B's (e.g., in terms of phenotypic advantage, effects of variability, etc.), but success in this direction has been singularly lacking. Consistently and repeatedly, the data indicate that harmful effects, or at best neutral or undetectable effects, are associated with B's and provide evidence of the potency of accumulation mechanisms based on drive. Modeling exercises have proved useful in examining these polymorphisms, and of the ones that have been published to date, all have favored drive as the main force generating B-chromosome polymorphisms.
Simultaneous measurement of thermal diffusivity and optical absorption coefficient using photothermal radiometry. II Multilayered solids (2011)

The aim of this work is to analyze the ability of modulated photothermal radiometry to retrieve the thermal diffusivity and the optical absorption coefficient of layered materials simultaneously. First, we extend the thermal quadrupole method to calculate the surface temperature of semitransparent multilayered materials. Then, this matrix method is used to evaluate the influence of heat losses by convection and radiation, the influence of the use of thin paint layers on the accuracy of thermal diffusivity measurements, and the effect of lateral heat diffusion due to the use of Gaussian laser beams. Finally, we apply the quadrupole method to retrieve (a) the thermal contact resistance in glass stacks and (b) the thermal diffusivity and optical absorption coefficient depth profiles in heterogeneous materials with continuously varying physical properties, as is the case of functionally graded materials and partially cured dental resins.
Computer-assisted design for scaling up systems based on DNA reaction networks (2014)

In the past few years, there have been many exciting advances in the field of molecular programming, reaching a point where implementation of non-trivial systems, such as neural networks or switchable bistable networks, is a reality. Such systems require nonlinearity, be it through signal amplification, digitalization or the generation of autonomous dynamics such as oscillations. The biochemistry of DNA systems provides such mechanisms, but assembling them in a constructive manner is still a difficult and sometimes counterintuitive process. Moreover, realistic prediction of the actual evolution of concentrations over time requires a number of side reactions, such as leaks, cross-talks or competitive interactions, to be taken into account. In this case, the design of a system targeting a given function takes much trial and error before the correct architecture can be found. To speed up this process, we have created DNA Artificial Circuits Computer-Assisted Design (DACCAD), a computer-assisted design software that supports the construction of systems for the DNA toolbox. DACCAD is ultimately aimed to design actual in vitro implementations, which is made possible by building on the experimental knowledge available on the DNA toolbox. We illustrate its effectiveness by designing various systems, from Montagne et al.'s Oligator or Padirac et al.'s bistable system to new and complex networks, including a two-bit counter or a frequency divider as well as an example of very large system encoding the game Mastermind. In the process, we highlight a variety of behaviours, such as enzymatic saturation and load effect, which would be hard to handle or even predict with a simpler model. We also show that those mechanisms, while generally seen as detrimental, can be used in a positive way, as functional part of a design. Additionally, the number of parameters included in these simulations can be large, especially in the case of complex systems. For this reason, we included the possibility to use CMA-ES, a state-of-the-art optimization algorithm that will automatically evolve parameters chosen by the user to try to match a specified behaviour. Finally, because all possible functionality cannot be captured by a single software, DACCAD includes the possibility to export a system in the synthetic biology markup language, a widely used language for describing biological reaction systems. DACCAD can be downloaded online at http://www.yannick-rondelez.com/downloads/.
Pteridine, LXXV. Synthese und Eigenschaften von Biopterin und Biopterin‐Analogen (1984)

Abstract Die Synthese von Biopterin ( 6 ), seinem 2‐ N , N ‐Dimethyl‐ ( 8 ) und 4‐ Thioxo‐Derivat ( 19 ) sowie von Biolumazin ( 7 ) wird beschrieben. Durch Umsetzung von Biopterin mit α‐Acetoxyisobuttersäurechlorid läß sich die Seitenkette zu 6‐( L ‐ threo ‐2‐Acetoxy‐1‐chlorpropyl)pterin ( 10 ) modifizieren, das als Ausgangsmaterial fär weitere Derivatisierungen dienen kann. 2,1′,2′‐Triacylpterine ( 14, 16 ) zeichnen sich durch eine hydrolyselabile N ‐Acylgruppe aus. Die neu dargestellten Verbindungen werden durch pK ‐Wert‐Bestimmungen, UV‐ und NMR‐Spektren charakterisiert.
Versican/PG-M Isoforms in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (1999)

The expression of increased amounts of proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix may play a role in vascular stenosis and lipid retention. The large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan versican is synthesized by vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), accumulates during human atherosclerosis and restenosis, and has been shown to bind LDLs. We recently demonstrated that adult rat aortic SMCs express several versican mRNAs. Four versican splice variants, V0, V1, V2, and V3, have recently been described, which differ dramatically in length. These variants differ in the extent of modification by glycosaminoglycan chains, and V3 may lack glycosaminoglycan chains. In this study, we characterized versican RNAs from rat SMCs by cloning, sequencing, and hybridization with domain-specific probes. DNA sequence was obtained for the V3 isoform, and for a truncated V0 isoform. By hybridization of polyadenylated RNA with domain-specific probes, we determined that the V0, V1, and V3 isoforms are present in vascular SMCs. We confirmed the presence of the V3 isoform in polyadenylated RNA and in RT-PCR products by hybridization with an oligonucleotide that spans the splice junction between the hyaluronan-binding domain and the epidermal growth factor-like domain. In addition, a novel splice variant was cloned by PCR amplification from both rat and human SMC RNA. This appears to be an incompletely spliced variant, retaining the final intron. PCR analysis shows that this intron can be retained in both V1 and V3 isoforms. The predicted translation product of this variant would have a different carboxy-terminus than previously described versican isoforms.
La alteración del proceso de formación de la voluntad de las Cámaras como elemento determinante de la inconstitucionalidad de la Ley: la STC 103/2008, de 11 de noviembre (2009)

Peptide KVPLITVSKAK was selected to design a synthetic ligand for affinity chromatography purification of recombinant human follicle stimulating hormone (rhFSH), based on the interaction of the hormone with the exoloop 3 of its receptor. The peptide was acetylated to improve its stability to degradation by exopeptidases. A cysteine was incorporated at the C-termini to facilitate its immobilization to the chromatographic activated SulfoLink agarose resin. A sample of crude rhFSH was loaded to the affinity column, using 20 mM sodium phosphate, 0.5 mM methionine, and pH 5.6 and 7.2 as adsorption and elution buffers, respectively. The dynamic capacity of the matrix was 54.6 mg rhFSH/mL matrix and the purity 94%. The percentage of oxidized rhFSH was 3.4%, and that of the free subunits was 1.2%, both in the range established by the European Pharmacopeia, as also were the sialic acid content and the isoforms profile.
Mesenchymal stem cells deliver synthetic microRNA mimics to glioma cells and glioma stem cells and inhibit their cell migration and self-renewal (2013)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential cancer therapeutics; however, their clinical use is hindered by lack of effective delivery mechanisms to tumor sites. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to migrate to experimental glioma and to exert anti-tumor effects by delivering cytotoxic compounds. Here, we examined the ability of MSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, placenta and umbilical cord to deliver synthetic miRNA mimics to glioma cells and glioma stem cells (GSCs). We examined the delivery of miR-124 and miR-145 mimics as glioma cells and GSCs express very low levels of these miRNAs. Using fluorescently labeled miRNA mimics and in situ hybridization, we demonstrated that all the MSCs examined delivered miR-124 and miR-145 mimics to co-cultured glioma cells and GSCs via gap junction- dependent and independent processes. The delivered miR-124 and miR-145 mimics significantly decreased the luciferase activity of their respected reporter target genes, SCP-1 and Sox2, and decreased the migration of glioma cells and the self-renewal of GSCs. Moreover, MSCs delivered Cy3-miR-124 mimic to glioma xenografts when administered intracranially. These results suggest that MSCs can deliver synthetic exogenous miRNA mimics to glioma cells and GSCs and may provide an efficient route of therapeutic miRNA delivery in vivo.
High throughput MS imaging using a fast scanning mirror (2012)

Za ucelem zvýseni rychlosti MALDI zobrazovaci hmotnostni spektrometrie bylo do drahy desorpcniho laseru zabudovano rychle skenovaci zrcatko. Skenovani zrcatkem nahrazuje významně pomalejsi pojezd motorizovaných stolků v průběhu MALDI zobrazovani. V porovnani s komercně dostupnými přistroji byla takto zvýsena rychlost zobrazovani o jeden řad.
A framework for cell movement image analysis (2004)

This article describes an image analysis framework for the characterization and analysis of cell trajectories considering the following three biologically relevant parameters: (a) the behavior of each individual cell; (b) interactions between each pair of cells; and (c) interactions between each cell and its environment. The potential of the overall framework is illustrated with respect to real cell displacement data.
<i>PnP</i> -type InP/InGaAsP/InP bipolar transistor (1985)

A PnP double-heterostructure InGaAsP/InP bipolar transistor was fabricated which is capable of bilateral operation. Forward and reverse current gains of about 15 and 5, respectively, were achieved. In the emitter-up configuration, an offset voltage of 1 V, believed to be due to the valence band discontinuity at the base/collector heterojunction, occurs in the Ic/VCE characteristics.
Reductive dechlorination of a polychlorinated biphenyl congener and hexachlorobenzene by vitamin B12 (1992)

The polychlorinated biphenyl congener 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorobiphenyl and hexachlorobenzene were reductively dechlorinated in an aqueous biomimetic model system containing vitamin B12. The products of 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorobiphenyl dechlorination were 2,3,5,6- and 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorobiphenyl. Hexachlorobenzene dechlorinated to pentachlorobenzene and a mixture of 1,2,4,5- and 1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene. The proton from water was shown to be the source of the hydrogen atom used for the replacement of chlorine on the biphenyl ring.
Distributed aisle-level scanning approach for RFID shopping systems (2014)

The emergence of new wireless technologies opened new opportunities to develop more efficient information systems. RFID is among those technologies, which extended the potential of wireless identification, and represent a potential replacement to old-fashioned identification systems such as the barcode system in retail sales. This paper presents a new RFID-based cost efficient approach for pervasive retail sales. The suggested new system architecture is based on aisle-level scanning and new event management procedures at the level of RFID middleware. It also discusses the impact of deploying such systems in retail stores, and more specifically supermarkets, on the supply chain. The motivation behind such approach is not only reducing the number of RFID readers compared to existing RFID based systems, but providing customers with an interactive shopping experience and fast checkout and bill payment, making this new approach transparent, efficient and cost effective.
Wearable antennas for body-centric wireless communications (2010)

In recent years, a study on body-centric wireless communications has become an active and attractive area of research because of their various applications such as e-healthcare, support systems for specialized occupations, personal communications, and so on. Whereas UHF bands are subjects of interest especially in Europe and USA, relatively low frequency bands below several megahertz are of great interest especially in Japan. Hence, all of the prospective frequencies are in an extremely wide range, and an objective idea on how to select a right frequency band for individual applications is required. Currently in our laboratory, we have been studying on frequency dependence of basic characteristics of wearable antennas as well as body-centric wireless communication channels in the range of HF to UHF (3 MHz-3 GHz). There are experimental, analytical, and numerical ways to clarify the basic characteristics of the antennas and communication channels. In experiments, we have to ensure impedance matching at certain frequency points because of sensitivity limitations; therefore, it is hard to obtain such broadband characteristics. Theoretical analysis is useful to understand physical mechanism; however, complex geometry and motion of the human body cannot be modeled. By contrast to them, numerical simulation can solve complex problems with relative ease. For example, Hall et al. have shown that the dynamics of the human body can be modeled by dividing the motion into several frames, and the simulated results agree with the measured results. Also in our study, observations of channel characteristics are conducted by employing numerical simulations. In this paper, firstly, electric field distributions around the human body wearing a small top-loaded monopole antenna are numerically calculated and compared in a wide range of HF to UHF bands. Then, received open voltages at receiving antennas which are equipped at several different points on the human body are numerically investigated. The received open voltages are also numerically calculated and compared with several different postures of the human body. Statistic characterization and experimental validation will be necessary in further studies.
Intracellular Antigens (Microtubule-Associated Protein Copurified with Glycosomal Enzymes)--Possible Vaccines against Trypanosomiasis (1995)

African trypanosomes are motile unicellular eukaryotes that can cause diseases such as sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals, debilitating millions of people and livestock. All members of the Trypanosomatidae family contain subpellicular microtubules cross-linked to each other and to the plasma membrane by unique trypanosomal microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). These MAPs may serve as specific intracellular target sites for therapeutic attack against trypanosomiasis. A trypanosomal MAP (p52) copurifies with two glycosomal enzymes (aldolase and GAPDH) on phosphocellulose columns. Rats and mice vaccinated with antigen preparation p52 containing the glycosomal enzymes were protected against a potentially fatal Trypanosoma brucei infection. Sera of protected animals caused in vitro aggregation of trypanosomes, and immunoelectron microscopy of these aggregates located antibodies in the cytoplasm of the trypanosomes.
The pallid mouse. A model of genetic alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. (1993)

All these data suggest that the lung changes in pallid mice are the result of an elastolytic process due to a severe inborn deficiency of serum alpha 1-antitrypsin. This animal model reproduces important features of the human condition and may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of emphysema.
Chiral metallosupramolecular architectures (2017)

Over the past few decades, supramolecular chirality in discrete metallosupramolecular architectures has received considerable attention. In this review, a comprehensive summary of discrete, chiral coordination-driven structures, including helices, metallacycles, metallocages, etc., is presented. Although chirality can be introduced prior to, during or even after the coordination self-assembly process, this review puts major emphasis on the more recent development of metallosupramolecular architectures from chiral components, where chirality arises from the enantiopure or racemic scaffolds (bridging or auxiliary ligand). Special attention will be paid to homochiral metallo-assemblies using achiral components where chirality is obtained as a consequence of the twisting of the ligands. Additionally, the potential applications of homochiral metallosupramolecular architectures are also discussed. We hope that this review will be of interest to researchers attempting to design new elaborate homochiral metallosupramolecular architectures with even greater complexity and potential for functions such as chiral recognition, enantiomer separation, asymmetric catalysis, nonlinear sensors, and devices.
Direct Arylation of N‐Heteroarenes with Aryldiazonium Salts by Photoredox Catalysis in Water (2014)

A highly effective visible light-promoted "radical-type" coupling of N-heteroarenes with aryldiazonium salts in water has been developed. The reaction proceeds at room temperature with [Ru(bpy)3 ]Cl2 ⋅6 H2 O as a photosensitizer and a commercial household light bulb as a light source. Pyridine and a variety of substituted pyridines are effective substrates under these reaction conditions, and only monosubstituted products are formed with different regioselectivities. Using aqueous formic acid as solvent, an array of xanthenes, thiazole, pyrazine, and pyridazine are compatible with this new arylation approach. The broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and use of water as reaction solvent make this procedure a practical and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of compounds containing aryl-heteroaryl motifs.
Characterization of <i>comE</i>, a late competence operon of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> required for the binding and uptake of transforming DNA (1993)

The binding and transport of DNA by competent Bacillus subtilis requires the assembly of a specialized apparatus. We present here the characterization of comE, an operon under competence control that is required for both DNA binding to the competent cell surface, and for uptake. comE contains three open reading frames (ORF1-3) read in the forward direction, preceded by a long untranslated leader sequence and an apparent E sigma A promoter. A minor promoter also is responsible for transcription of ORF2 and -3. A transcript containing a single ORF is produced in the reverse direction. The reverse ORF overlaps ORF1 and the untranslated comE leader. The comE transcript is present at a very low level during growth and at an elevated level in stationary-phase cells. Conversely, the reverse transcript is present during exponential growth and disappears during stationary phase. The reverse ORF resembles prokaryotic and eukaryotic pyrroline-5'-carboxylate reductases, while ORF2 is similar to several dCMP deaminases. ORF1 and ORF3 are predicted to be integral membrane proteins. The latter is specifically required for DNA uptake but not for binding.
Synthetic glycolipid-like constructs as tools for glycobiology research, diagnostics, and as potential therapeutics (2015)

Function-spacer-lipid (FSL) constructs are amphiphilic molecules that are able to disperse in water and then self-assemble into cell membranes or onto solid surfaces. Modification of a biological or non-biological surface is very easy and achieved by simple contact of the surface with an appropriately buffered solution containing one or more FSLs. When the functional head group of the FSL is a glycan, glycan modified surfaces can be rapidly formed. Once cells, viruses, or solid surfaces are FSL modified with either simple or complex glycans, they can be used in vitro and/or in vivo to measure interactions with cells, viruses, antibodies, and lectins. FSLs have already been used in a variety of techniques including antibody specificity mapping, antibody/toxin neutralization, diagnostic assays, immune system manipulation, and animal modeling of transfusion reactions. FSLs offer the easiest and fastest method available to achieve a glycan-modified surface.
Inheritance of the Foliar Variegation Pattern from Aglaonema nitidum (Jack) Kunth `Ernesto's Favorite' (1992)

Pollinations included selfing of ‘Ernesto’s Favorite,’ and crossing it with ‘Curtisii’ (genotype We also used our own hybrids, #1501 and #1502, both with compound patterns and genotype V mn V tt (Henny, 1986), as females in crosses with ‘Ernesto’s Favorite’. Self-pollination of ‘Ernesto’s Favorite’ produced 54 seedlings, of which 42 expressed the parental variegation pattern and 12 were nonvariegated (Table 1). Crossing ‘Ernesto’s Favorite’ with hybrids 1501 and 1502 resulted in four classes of variegated offspring that segregated in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. This ratio included each of the hybrid’s compound patterns expressed individually and in combination with the ‘Ernesto’s Favorite’ pattern (Table 1). These results indicate that the ‘Ernesto’s Favorite’ pattern was controlled by a single dominant allele. The allele has been labeled V ef and is the sixth allele of the V-gene to be identified. The ‘Ernesto’s Favorite’ stock plants used in this study were heterozygous for the V ef allele. Since the parental plants