gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of Light Scattering in Spectrophotometric Measurements of Arteriovenous Oxygen Difference (1986)

The role of light scattering in the spectrophotometric measurement of arteriovenous oxygen difference (a -vO <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) in whole blood was investigated. Optical absorbance of whole blood and corresponding hemoglobin solutions was measured to elucidate the contributions of true absorbance and "total scattering effects" to the total absorbance of whole blood. Twersky's radiation scattering theory, which provides a mathematical separation of absorbance and total scattering effects, was applied to the data. It is shown that, although the optical density of whole blood is a highly nonlinear function of hematocrit, the difference in optical density between venous and arterial blood is approximately a linear function of the arteriovenous difference in oxygen content. Furthermore, "total scattering effects" contribute significantly more than true absorbance to the total optical density of whole blood and hence to the actual spectrophotometric measurement of a -vO <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Twersky's equation fits the data remarkably well and thus provides a theoretical basis for whole blood measurements. The validity of whole blood spectrophotometric arteriovenous oxygen difference analyzers is thus demonstrated both empirically and theoretically.
LDP Extensions for RMR (2019)

This document describes LDP extensions to signal Resilient MPLS Ring
(RMR) Label Switched Paths (LSPs). An RMR LSP is a multipoint to point
LSP signaled using LDP (Label Distribution Protocol). RMR Architecture
document - draft-ietf-mpls-rmr-02 - describes why and how MPLS should
be used in ring topologies.
Performing Advanced Bit Manipulations Efficiently in General-Purpose Processors (2007)

This paper describes a new basis for the implementation of a shifter functional unit. We present a design based on the inverse butterfly and butterfly datapath circuits that performs the standard shift and rotate operations, as well as more advanced extract, deposit and mix operations found in some processors. Additionally, it also supports important new classes of even more advanced bit manipulation instructions recently proposed: these include arbitrary bit permutations, bit scatter and bit gather instructions. The new functional unit's datapath is comparable in latency to that of the classic barrel shifter. It replaces two existing functional units-shifter and mix-with a much more powerful one.
Metallized nanotube polymer composites via supercritical fluid impregnation (2011)

Abstract Although many metal decorated nanotubes and nanowires appear in the literature, well‐dispersed metal decorated nanotube polymer composites have rarely been reported because of the excessive density mismatch between the decorated nanotubes and polymer matrix. Here, we report a novel method to prepare well‐dispersed, highly functional, metallized nanotube polymer composites (MNPCs) that possess remarkably improved electrical conductivity and mechanical toughness. The MNPCs are prepared by supercritical fluid impregnation of an organometal compound into a premade well‐dispersed single wall carbon nanotube‐polymer composite film. The infused precursor preferentially migrates towards the nanotubes to undergo spontaneous reduction and form nanometer‐scale metal particles leading to an increase in the conductivity of the MNPC films. The environmentally friendly supercritical fluid impregnation process significantly improved the toughness of the composite films, regardless of the presence of metal. Additional functionality can be imparted into the resulting MNPC by infusing other precursors such as magnetic and catalytic metal compounds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.* J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
The use of the <i>Escherichia coli β</i>-glucuronidase gene as a gene fusion marker for studies of gene expression in higher plants (1987)

Conference Article| February 01 1987 The use of the Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase gene as a gene fusion marker for studies of gene expression in higher plants RICHARD A JEFFERSON; RICHARD A JEFFERSON 1Department of Molecular Genetics, Plant Breeding Institute, Maris Lane, Trumpington, Cambridge CB2 2LQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar MIKE BEVAN; MIKE BEVAN 1Department of Molecular Genetics, Plant Breeding Institute, Maris Lane, Trumpington, Cambridge CB2 2LQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar TONY KAVANAGH TONY KAVANAGH 1Department of Molecular Genetics, Plant Breeding Institute, Maris Lane, Trumpington, Cambridge CB2 2LQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem Soc Trans (1987) 15 (1): 17–18. https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150017 Article history Received: July 09 1986 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation RICHARD A JEFFERSON, MIKE BEVAN, TONY KAVANAGH; The use of the Escherichia coli β-glucuronidase gene as a gene fusion marker for studies of gene expression in higher plants. Biochem Soc Trans 1 February 1987; 15 (1): 17–18. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0150017 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Society Transactions Search Advanced Search Keywords: GUS, β-glucuronidase, Cab, chlorophyll a/b binding protein gene, Rubisco, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, MUG, 4-methyl-umbelliferyl-glucuronide, 4-MU, 4-methyl-umbelliferone, CAT, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, NPT II, neomycin phosphotransferase This content is only available as a PDF. © 1987 Biochemical Society1987 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Probing Inside THz Parallel-Plate Waveguides with Resonant Cavities (2014)

We experimentally observe in situ the resonance due to an integrated resonant cavity inside a parallel-plate waveguide excited by the TE1 mode. We also observe a field enhancement associated with this narrowband resonance.
Separating P- and S-waves in an affine coordinate system (2011)

This paper explores a method to separate P- and S-waves from multi-component seismic data utilizing wave vector rotation in an affine coordinate system. We use a vector composition method within a sliding time window to derive non-orthogonal P- and S-wave vector directions. Then all wave vectors within the sliding window are decomposed into the parallel and orthogonal parts in the direction of the P- or S-wave vector, in order to recover true amplitude P- and S-waves. The parallel part is reserved as the true amplitude signal, while the orthogonal part is eliminated as the residual noise. We examine the behaviour of the method when applied to synthetic data with different signal-to-noise ratios. The method is also demonstrated to be effective on field seismic records.
Supplemental Figure 1 from Tumor Radiosensitization by Monomethyl Auristatin E: Mechanism of Action and Targeted Delivery (2023)

<p>MMAE enhances comet tail length following irradiation in pancreatic tumor cell lines.</p>
Adding SVC Spatial Scalability to Existing H.264/AVC Video (2009)

This paper describes an innovative algorithm for adding SVC spatial scalability to all existing non-scalable H.264/AVC video streams. The algorithmic system builds on a full-decode-full-encode method of conversion and employs reuse of available data by an efficient downscaling of video information for different layers, thus reducing the complexity of the algorithm by manifold whilst maintaining a high coding efficiency. The complexity is further reduced by bypassing of various time consuming processes of the encoding process by the use of sharing and reuse of video information coming from original bitstream. Extensive analysis has been done to evaluate the gains in the coding efficiency and complexity of the algorithm using the full-decode-full-encode approach as a benchmark. The ultimate reduction in complexity is at least 60% from full-decode-full-encode while maintaining the output video quality. The modular nature of the algorithm is designed to be easily adaptable to other scalable video standards as well.
Synergistic Interaction Between High Bioactive IL-17A and Joint Destruction for the Occurrence of Cardiovascular Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis (2020)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains a cause of morbidity and mortality in many patients while new treatments have changed the face of the disease. Despite the emergence of these new drugs, cardiovascular (CV) diseases remain more frequent in RA patients compared with the general population. However, predictive biomarkers of RA severity and precise guidelines to manage the CV risk in these patients are still lacking. Pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute both to RA and CV pathogenesis. Focusing on IL-17A, high levels of bioactive IL-17A were associated with destruction in RA but also during myocardial infarction. The study aimed to assess the relationship between bioactive IL-17A, destruction and the occurrence of CV events (CVE) in RA patients with a very long follow-up. Thirty-six RA patients were followed between 1970 and 2012 in Lyon, France. They were tested for bioactive IL-17A and clinical and biological characteristics were recorded at baseline. Then, the occurrence of CVE was registered during the follow-up. To study the bioactive fraction of IL-17A, the bioassay used the ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells to produce IL-8 in presence of RA plasma samples with or without an anti-IL-17A antibody. Bioactive IL-17A level at baseline was higher in RA patients who later experienced a CVE compared to those without (0.77 vs 0.21 ng/ml, <i>p</i>-value = 0.0095, Mann-Whitney test) and synergized with joint destruction (<i>p</i>-value = 0.020, Kruskal-Wallis test). Through its effects on vessels and thrombosis, high levels of bioactive IL-17A could represent a long-term marker of CV risk.
Interactive Streaming of Stored Multiview Video Using Redundant Frame Structures (2010)

While much of multiview video coding focuses on the rate-distortion performance of compressing all frames of all views for storage or non-interactive video delivery over networks, we address the problem of designing a frame structure to enable interactive multiview streaming, where clients can interactively switch views during video playback. Thus, as a client is playing back successive frames (in time) for a given view, it can send a request to the server to switch to a different view while continuing uninterrupted temporal playback. Noting that standard tools for random access (i.e., I-frame insertion) can be bandwidth-inefficient for this application, we propose a redundant representation of I-, P-, and "merge" frames, where each original picture can be encoded into multiple versions, appropriately trading off expected transmission rate with storage, to facilitate view switching. We first present ad hoc frame structures with good performance when the view-switching probabilities are either very large or very small. We then present optimization algorithms that generate more general frame structures with better overall performance for the general case. We show in our experiments that we can generate redundant frame structures offering a range of tradeoff points between transmission and storage, e.g., outperforming simple I-frame insertion structures by up to 45% in terms of bandwidth efficiency at twice the storage cost.
A Novel Design for Producing Fine-Celled Foams of Plastic/Wood-Fiber Composites (2000)

Abstract This paper presents an innovative system design for production of plastic/wood-fiber composite foams based on a chemical blowing agent (CBA). Wood-fiber inherently contains moisture, which adversely affects the foam processing and the resultant cell morphology. To improve the cell morphology, the moisture content in the final foam should be minimized. A novel system design is presented for achieving this goal. Undried wood-fibers were processed together with HDPE, CBA and a coupling agent (CA) in a tandem extrusion system. At the interconnection of the two extruders, a vent was provided to purge the moisture into the atmosphere. HDPE/wood-fiber composite foams were produced on this system and on a single extruder without the vent, for comparison. The cellular morphology and volume expansion ratios of the foamed composites were characterized. The foams produced on the newly developed tandem system exhibited significantly improved cell morphology and surface quality.
Size of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mtext>AT</mml:mtext><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>Insertions in Promoter Region Modulates<i>Gmhsp17.6-L</i>mRNA Transcript Levels (2010)

During earlier experiments, an SSR molecular marker (176 Soy HSP) showing high correlation (70%) with resistance/susceptibility to javanese root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica was identified in soybean. After being sequenced, results indicated that the SSR 176 Soy HSP marker was inserted in the promoter region of Gmhsp17.6-L gene. It was also detected in this region that resistant genotypes presented insertions between AT(31) and AT(33) in size and susceptible genotypes, AT(9). Gmhsp17.6-L gene coding region presented a perfect match in amino acid sequence in all soybean genotypes. A ribonuclease protection assay showed that Gmhsp17.6-L gene mRNA transcripts were present in all genotypes. A real-time relative quantification (qPCR) indicated in the resistant individuals higher mRNA transcripts levels, which presented in the sequencing more AT(n) insertions. These results suggest that the number of AT(n) insertions inside this promoter region could modulate up or down gene levels. Those findings can lead to the possibility of manipulating, between some limits, the mRNA transcripts levels using different sizes of AT(n) insertions.
NONLETHAL REPELLENTS: THE DEVELOPMENT OF COST-EFFECTIVE, PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS TO AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL PROBLEMS (1992)

Repellents substances and devices cause pest species to avoid otherwise attractive or palatable materials. For birds, repellents can be visual, auditory, pyrotechnic, tactile, chemosensory, physiologic, or physical. Here, we consider chemical agents only. Few substances are registered with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and thus legally available for use. This lack of available bird repellent technology reflects the small demonstrable economic impact of many agricultural bird damage problems. Accurate information about damage and market size is virtually nonexistent, and private companies are reluctant to invest resources in the unknown. To successfully commercialize new repellents, clearly lucrative markets must be identified. Efforts must be made to empirically quantify damage and to estimate whether control methods are economical relative to the protection that they confer. We intend the present manuscript as a first step in these directions.
High-Temperature Displacement Measurement Using a Scanning Focused X-ray Line Source (1990)

Abstract A non-contacting displacement measuring system utilizing focussed x-rays is being developed for use in hostile environments. Ultimately, this method will be used to measure mechnical strain under adverse conditions such as high temperatures, flame, cutting fluids, and gases with high velocity and pressure gradients. The foundation of the technique is the use of xrays, which are immune to the various environmental factors mentioned above. The proposed system uses a highly focussed, intense x-ray line which is scanned across markers that fluoresce secondary radiation. This secondary radiation level is then monitored using a photon detector and marker-focussed line overlap can be discerned. These targets can be used as fiducial markers demarcating a gage length, and the change in pointing angle of the focussed beam at target overlap is used as a measure of relative displacement. The present experimental systemcan consistently resolve 1.27 microns at ambient conditions, and 2.54 microns have been measured at a target temperature of 1900 de-grees F through an open flame. Given the performance of the current apparatus, equipment improvements should permit increases in resolution by a least a factor of 10 and measurements at much higher temperatures are possible.
Continuous Cardiac Output and Left Atrial Pressure Monitoring by Pulmonary Artery Pressure Waveform Analysis (2006)

We introduce a novel technique for continuous (i.e., automatic) monitoring of cardiac output (CO) and left atrial pressure (LAP) by mathematical analysis of a pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) waveform. To obtain an initial evaluation of the technique, we applied it to PAP waveforms obtained from nine critically ill patients and compared the resulting CO and LAP estimates with standard operator-dependent thermodilution and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure measurements, respectively. We report that the technique achieved an overall CO error of 17.2% and an overall LAP error of 15.8%. With further testing, the technique may ultimately be employed so as to permit, for the first time, continuous CO and LAP monitoring in critically ill patients.
Multichanneled Collagen Conduits for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization (2010)

In the absence of donor tissues, conduits are needed for axons to regenerate across nerve defects, yet single-channel conduits may result in axonal dispersion, and multichannel synthetic polymer conduits have failed due to dimensional instability. The goal of this study was to create a robust collagen-based nerve conduit with multiple submillimeter-diameter channels to facilitate nerve guidance. Toward this goal, we have developed a novel multistep molding technique to create single-, four-, and seven-channel conduits from collagen and examined the effects of crosslinking with 0-60 mM (1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide [EDC] in N-hydroxysuccinimide) on geometric, enzymatic, and thermal stability, mechanical properties, and cellular behavior. Multichannel collagen conduits crosslinked with 30 mM EDC and 10 mM N-hydroxysuccinimide demonstrated low degradation rate (∼10% at 2 days), high shrinkage temperature (>75°C), and constant channel morphology out to 30 days in saline. Neurite outgrowth remained unaffected from cultured dorsal root ganglia explants seeded on collagen scaffolds with up to 30 mM EDC crosslinking. Compared with single-channel conduits, multichannel collagen conduits showed superior structural compressive, tensile, and bending stiffness. Taken together, these results suggest that the crosslinked multichannel collagen conduits possess favorable material and mechanical properties for nerve regeneration applications.
Supersonic gas-liquid cleaning system (1994)

A system to perform cleaning and cleanliness verification is being developed to replace solvent flush methods using CFC 113 for fluid system components. The system is designed for two purposes: internal and external cleaning and verification. External cleaning is performed with the nozzle mounted at the end of a wand similar to a conventional pressure washer. Internal cleaning is performed with a variety of fixtures designed for specific applications. Internal cleaning includes tubes, pipes, flex hoses, and active fluid components such as valves and regulators. The system uses gas-liquid supersonic nozzles to generate high impingement velocities at the surface of the object to be cleaned. Compressed air or any inert gas may be used to provide the conveying medium for the liquid. The converging-diverging nozzles accelerate the gas-liquid mixture to supersonic velocities. The liquid being accelerated may be any solvent including water. This system may be used commercially to replace CFC and other solvent cleaning methods widely used to remove dust, dirt, flux, and lubricants. In addition, cleanliness verification can be performed without the solvents which are typically involved. This paper will present the technical details of the system, the results achieved during testing at KSC, and future applications for this system.
Monolithic LED Microdisplay on Active Matrix Substrate Using Flip-Chip Technology (2009)

A monolithic high-resolution (individual pixel size 300times300 mum <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ) active matrix (AM) programmed 8times8 micro-LED array was fabricated using flip-chip technology. The display was composed of an AM panel and a LED microarray. The AM panel included driving circuits composed of p-type MOS transistors for each pixel. The n-electrodes of the LED pixels in the microarray were connected together, and the p-electrodes were connected to individual outputs of the driving circuits on the AM panel. Using flip-chip technology, the LED microarray was then flipped onto the AM panel to create a microdisplay.
SU-GG-T-49: Real Time Dose Verification for Novel Shielded Balloon Brachytherapy (2010)

Purpose: The validation of a novel approach for reducing skin doses to an acceptable level during Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation (APBI) when the balloon-to-skin distance is inadequate (less than 7 mm) is reported. The study uses a real time dose verification method for a metallic shielded balloon applicator using scintillation fiber technology. Method and Materials: Partial shielding of the radiation dose to the skin using iron or other ferrous powder could enable the extension of APBI to some patients. With small external and pre-determined magnetic fields (<few Gauss), the metallic elements deposition can be controlled on the inner surface of a balloon. Geant4 simulations were used to generate an attenuation dose curve for various radiation lengths after cross-calibration with dedicated data acquired at Jefferson Lab. Some powder was then injected into various inflated MammoSite and rectal balloons within realistic breast and torso phantoms of differing sizes. The dose on the external surface of the skin was measured from a 6.1 Ci 192Ir of a GammaMed 12i afterloader unit, with a MOSFET, ion chamber and scintillating fiber array detectors. Results: Realistic Monte Carlo simulation studies for the amount and distribution of the required shielding material were compared to dedicated phantom data. A decrease of the skin dose was measured to an acceptable level (≈350–450 cGy) during standard breast Brachytherapy treatments with relatively weak magnetic fields. Additional measurements provided negligible corrections (< few %) on the saline water density from the suspended iron powder. Conclusion: This project opens the possibility to increasing the survival expectancy and minimizing negative side effects during brachytherapy treatments, as well as improving cosmetic outcome for all APBI patients. The proposed method may also be used in other procedures for brain, heart, rectal, or vaginal cancers.
Hemoglobin electrophoresis at alkaline pH on agarose gels. (1978)

We describe a modified thin agarose-gel system for use in primary hemoglobin screening by electrophoresis. The system makes use of a Tris-EDTA-borate-buffered agarose gel (pH 8.8) and a sodium barbital electrophoresis buffer (pH 8.6). Separation is effected in 20 min at a constant potential of 250 V. Eight samples can be simultaneously separated and the patterns made visible in 47 min. There are fewer operative steps needed in running and staining. Normal and the more common abnormal hemoglobins are separated into easily visualized and differentiated bands, with the separation of HbA and F significantly improved over that attainable by present methods.