gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Carbon Nanotube-Adsorbed Polystyrene and Poly(methyl methacrylate) Microspheres (2005)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTCarbon Nanotube-Adsorbed Polystyrene and Poly(methyl methacrylate) MicrospheresHyoung-Joon Jin, Hyoung Jin Choi, Seok Ho Yoon, Seung Jun Myung, and Sang Eun ShimView Author Information Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2005, 17, 16, 4034–4037Publication Date (Web):July 12, 2005Publication History Received5 March 2005Revised5 June 2005Published online12 July 2005Published inissue 1 August 2005https://doi.org/10.1021/cm050500xCopyright © 2005 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2322Altmetric-Citations141LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit Read OnlinePDF (384 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Carbon nanotubes,Colloids,Microspheres,Organic compounds,Surfactants Get e-Alerts
Synthesis and Application in Anticounterfeiting of RGB Upconversion Nanoparticles (2019)

In this paper, we synthesized <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mtext>~</mml:mtext><mml:mn>105</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn>15</mml:mn></mml:math> nm cubic phase KMnF 3 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ NPs, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mtext>~</mml:mtext><mml:mn>195</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:math> nm hexagonal phase NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ ,Tm 3+ NPs, and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mtext>~</mml:mtext><mml:mn>200</mml:mn><mml:mo>±</mml:mo><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:math> nm hexagonal phase NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ NPs. Under the excitation of 980 nm, the strong red upconversion luminescence ( 4 F 9/2 ⟶ 4 I 15/2 , the peak is located at ~653 nm) of Er 3+ ions of KMnF 3 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ NPs can be seen, the strong blue upconversion luminescence ( 1 D 2 ⟶ 3 F 4 , 1 G 4 ⟶ 3 H 6 ; the peaks are located at ~451 nm and ~477 nm, respectively) of Tm 3+ ions of NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ ,Tm 3+ NPs can be observed, and the strong green upconversion luminescence ( 4 I 11/2 ⟶ 4 I 15/2 , 4 S 3/2 ⟶ 4 I 15/2 ; the peaks are located at ~524 nm and ~541 nm, respectively) of Er 3+ ions of NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ NPs can be found. The mixed white upconversion luminescent materials can be obtained by adjusting the doping ratio of the above NPs. Cyclohexane solution of red, blue, green, and the mixed white NPs can be used as ink, and “JLNU” is written on paper with a pen. Without 980 nm radiation, nothing could be seen. Under 980 nm irradiation, the colored letters “JLNU” can be seen. Red, blue, green, and the mixed white upconversion NPs can be used in security anticounterfeiting.
Differential expression and interferon response of HLA class I genes in thymocyte lines and response variants (1988)

cDNA clones which seem to represent the alleles of HLA-A and -B expressed by the thymoma MOLT-4 have been isolated and used as locus-specific probes to measure the corresponding mRNA levels in MOLT-4 and other human thymocyte lines, and the effect of interferon (IFN)-alpha and -gamma on these levels. It is shown in MOLT-4, and in its derived line YHHH, that HLA-B mRNA levels are undetectable before treatment but respond to IFN-alpha and -gamma more markedly than those of HLA-A. This differential induction is best shown with YHHH, which is hypersensitive to IFN-alpha, where the HLA-B mRNA levels increase to a level threefold those of HLA-A. Other thymocyte lines tested also showed preferential induction by IFN-alpha of HLA-B, although the basal levels of HLA-A and -B tended to be similar. The effect of the altered ratio of HLA-A to -B mRNA on surface expression of the antigens and the correlation between basal level expression and inducibility are discussed.
The Neurotoxic Tau45-230 Fragment Accumulates in Upper and Lower Motor Neurons in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Subjects (2016)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive and lethal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons leading to muscle paralysis in affected individuals. Numerous mechanisms have been implicated in the death of these neurons. However, the pathobiology of this disease has not been completely elucidated. In the present study, we investigated to what extent tau cleavage and the generation of the neurotoxic tau<sub>45-230</sub> fragment is associated with ALS. Quantitative Western blot analysis indicated that high levels of tau<sub>45-230</sub> accumulated in lumbar and cervical spinal cord specimens obtained from ALS subjects. This neurotoxic tau fragment was also detected in ALS upper motor neurons located in the precentral gyrus. Our results also showed that tau<sub>45-230</sub> aggregates were present in the spinal cord of ALS patients. On the other hand, this neurotoxic fragment was not generated in a mouse model of a familial form of this disease. Together, these results suggest a potential role for this neurotoxic tau fragment in the mechanisms leading to the degeneration of motor neurons in the context of sporadic ALS.
Phosphorylation of bio-based compounds: the state of the art (2015)

The aim of this review is to present both fundamental and applied research on the phosphorylation of renewable resources, through reactions on naturally occurring functions, and their use in biobased polymer chemistry and applications.
Locally Growing Rapid Tree (LGRT) motion planning for autonomous driving (2016)

A motion planning is an essential part of autonomous driving. It determines a safe driving course to control a vehicle from starting location to the desired destination. To compute this trajectory, several state of the art algorithms were proposed; however, the computation time and error exponentially grows with the complexity of environment. This limits the deployment of real time motion planning in complex environment. In this paper, we propose a heuristic exploring tree algorithm that locally grows a random exploring tree within potential driving area. With our method, in particular, the number of iterations and accuracy is improved in high complex environment. It can provide not only a real-time motion planning but also a prediction horizon of future motion. The method is an extension of heuristic A* search algorithm applied to continuous domain. The simulation shows improved results in complex path computation scenarios with respect to the state of the art Rapid exploring Random Tree (RRT) motion planning. Local Growing Rapid Tree (LGRT) gives a better performance in quality of the solution showing more than 10 × improvement in the accuracy - iteration ratio.
Medical treatment of rosacea with emphasis on topical therapies (2004)

Due to the development and release of newer topical formulations, the diagnosis and treatment of rosacea has received renewed attention over the past 3-5 years both in the literature and at medical symposia. Rosacea is a very common facial dermatosis. In the US, rosacea is estimated to affect > 14 million people, predominantly adults with approximately 60% of cases diagnosed before the age of 50. A frustrating aspect of the disease is its inherent chronicity punctuated with periods of exacerbation and relative remission. A variety of subtypes have been identified which correlate with clinical presentation. Although the pathogenesis of rosacea is poorly understood, multiple topical agents are available. The efficacy of topical therapy for rosacea relates primarily to reduction in inflammatory lesions (papules, pustules), decreased intensity of erythema, a reduction in the number and intensity of flares and amelioration of symptoms, which may include stinging, pruritus and burning. The list of main topical agents utilised for the treatment of rosacea include metronidazole, sulfacetamide-sulfur, azelaic acid and topical antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin). Depending on the severity at initial presentation, topical therapy may be combined with systemic antibiotic therapy (e.g., oral tetracycline derivative). Newer therapeutic choices primarily involve improved vehicle formulations, which demonstrate favourable skin tolerability and cosmetic elegance.
Potential neuroleptic agents. 2,6-Dialkoxybenzamide derivatives with potent dopamine receptor blocking activities (1982)

A series of some novel N-(l-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinylmethyl)benzamides was synthesized and tested for dopamine receptor blockade in vivo by the ability to block the apomorphine syndrome in the rat. Several compounds were considerably more potent than sulpiride as dopamine receptor blockers and displayed low liability to induce extrapyramidal side effects (catalepsy) in the rat. The blockade of dopamine receptor activity in vivo was mainly confined to the levorotatory isomers having the S absolute configuration. The structure-activity relationships are discussed.
<i>In Vitro</i> Properties of BAL30072, a Novel Siderophore Sulfactam with Activity against Multiresistant Gram-Negative Bacilli (2010)

BAL30072 is a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the sulfactams. Its spectrum of activity against significant Gram-negative pathogens with beta-lactam-resistant phenotypes was evaluated and was compared with the activities of reference drugs, including aztreonam, ceftazidime, cefepime, meropenem, imipenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam. BAL30072 showed potent activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter sp. isolates, including many carbapenem-resistant strains. The MIC(90)s were 4 microg/ml for MDR Acinetobacter spp. and 8 microg/ml for MDR P. aeruginosa, whereas the MIC(90) of meropenem for the same sets of isolates was >32 microg/ml. BAL30072 was bactericidal against both Acinetobacter spp. and P. aeruginosa, even against strains that produced metallo-beta-lactamases that conferred resistance to all other beta-lactams tested, including aztreonam. It was also active against many species of MDR isolates of the Enterobacteriaceae family, including isolates that had a class A carbapenemase or a metallo-beta-lactamase. Unlike other monocyclic beta-lactams, BAL30072 was found to trigger the spheroplasting and lysis of Escherichia coli rather than the formation of extensive filaments. The basis for this unusual property is its inhibition of the bifunctional penicillin-binding proteins PBP 1a and PBP 1b, in addition to its high affinity for PBP 3, which is the target of monobactams, such as aztreonam.
Visible-Light-Promoted Thiyl Radical Generation from Sodium Sulfinates: A Radical–Radical Coupling to Thioesters (2019)

A convenient visible-light photoredox catalysis has been developed for the synthesis of thioesters from two readily available starting materials: acid chlorides and sodium sulfinates. The facile generation of acyl radical species under the visible light photoredox conditions allows the formation of thiyl radical species from sodium sulfinates via multiple single electron transfer reactions, where the final acyl radical-thiyl radical coupling has been accomplished. The direct radical-radical coupling strategy offers a mild and controlled photochemical approach to important synthetic building blocks such as thioesters.
Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> exacerbates collagen‐induced arthritis in mice through the inflammatory interleukin‐23/interleukin‐17 axis (2007)

Our results indicate that PGE(2) enhances DC-derived IL-6 production and induces a shift in the IL-23/IL-12 balance in favor of IL-23, resulting in increased IL-17 production, presumably through the amplification of self-reactive Th17 cells.
Wave propagation in a guiding structure: one step beyond the paraxial approximation (1996)

Propagation of electromagnetic waves is considered for a medium with (x, y)-dependent locally isotropic dielectric and magnetic susceptibilities ∊ik = ∊(x, y)δik and μik = μ(x, y)δik, i.e., for a waveguide. In the paraxial approximation the polarization is disconnected from the propagation. We have developed a self-consistent theory of the postparaxial corrections. It allows, in particular, for the description of intrafiber geometrical rotation of polarization and its inverse phenomenon, the optical Magnus effect, which are both determined by the profile of refractive index n=∊μ only and constitute spin–orbit interaction of a photon. The birefringence splitting of linearly polarized modes or meridional rays on the other hand, turns out to be dependent on the gradients of impedance ρ=μ/∊, the quadrupole part of spin–orbit interaction. An important point of the theory is a transformation of field variables such that the z-propagation operator becomes Hermitian, in analogy with the transitions from a full relativistic Dirac equation to the Schrödinger–Pauli equation with spin–orbital corrections. A theoretical explanation is given for the phenomenon previously observed in experiment: preservation of circular polarization by an axially symmetric step-profile multimode fiber and depolarization of an input linearly polarized wave by the same fiber.
Synthesis of Aryloxo Cyclopentadienyl Group 4 Metal-Containing Dendrimers (2003)

A quantitative procedure for the hydrosilylation of allylic −SiMe3 protected phenols with Et3SiH and Si−H terminated carbosilane dendrimers of first, second, and fourth generations have been performed to give nG-[(CH2)3{C6H4-r(OMe)r}OH]m. The subsequent treatment with [Ti(C5Me5)Cl2Me], [Ti(C5Me5)Me3], or [M(C5H5)2ClX] (M = Ti, X = Cl; M = Zr, X = H) afforded the corresponding organometallic metallodendrimers.
Relative accuracy measures for stroke gestures (2013)

Current measures of stroke gesture articulation lack descriptive power because they only capture absolute characteristics about the gesture as a whole, not fine-grained features that reveal subtleties about the gesture articulation path. We present a set of twelve new relative accuracy measures for stroke gesture articulation that characterize the geometric, kinematic, and articulation accuracy of single and multi-stroke gestures. To compute the accuracy measures, we introduce the concept of a gesture task axis. We evaluate our measures on five public datasets comprising 38,245 samples from 107 participants, about which we make new discoveries; e.g., gestures articulated at fast speed are shorter in path length than slow or medium-speed gestures, but their path lengths vary the most, a finding that helps understand recognition performance. This work will enable a better understanding of users' stroke gesture articulation behavior, ultimately leading to better gesture set designs and more accurate recognizers.
Fiber to the brain [brain surgery] (2005)

This paper describes a promising new procedure developed by researchers from the New York University Medical Center, the Massachussets Institute of Technology, and the University of Tokyo to perform brain surgery via nanotechnology. The procedure involves attaching electrodes to small clusters of brain cells using the cardiovascular system as the conduit through which wires are threaded. This procedure does not require surgeons to break through the skull, which could damage healthy brain tissues and expose patients to infection.
Activation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Filamentation/Invasion Pathway by Osmotic Stress in High-Osmolarity Glycogen Pathway Mutants (1999)

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are frequently used signal transduction mechanisms in eukaryotes. Of the five MAPK cascades in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the high-osmolarity glycerol response (HOG) pathway functions to sense and respond to hypertonic stress. We utilized a partial loss-of-function mutant in the HOG pathway, pbs2-3, in a high-copy suppressor screen to identify proteins that modulate growth on high-osmolarity media. Three high-copy suppressors of pbs2-3 osmosensitivity were identified: MSG5, CAK1, and TRX1. Msg5p is a dual-specificity phosphatase that was previously demonstrated to dephosphorylate MAPKs in yeast. Deletions of the putative MAPK targets of Msg5p revealed that kss1delta could suppress the osmosensitivity of pbs2-3. Kss1p is phosphorylated in response to hyperosmotic shock in a pbs2-3 strain, but not in a wild-type strain nor in a pbs2-3 strain overexpressing MSG5. Both TEC1 and FRE::lacZ expressions are activated in strains lacking a functional HOG pathway during osmotic stress in a filamentation/invasion-pathway-dependent manner. Additionally, the cellular projections formed by a pbs2-3 mutant on high osmolarity are absent in strains lacking KSS1 or STE7. These data suggest that the loss of filamentation/invasion pathway repression contributes to the HOG mutant phenotype.
Wetting and Spreading of Nanofluids on Solid Surfaces Driven by the Structural Disjoining Pressure: Statics Analysis and Experiments (2011)

The wetting and spreading of nanofluids composed of liquid suspensions of nanoparticles have significant technological applications. Recent studies have revealed that, compared to the spreading of base liquids without nanoparticles, the spreading of wetting nanofluids on solid surfaces is enhanced by the structural disjoining pressure. Here, we present our experimental observations and the results of the statics analysis based on the augmented Laplace equation (which takes into account the contribution of the structural disjoining pressure) on the effects of the nanoparticle concentration, nanoparticle size, contact angle, and drop size (i.e., the capillary and hydrostatic pressure); we examined the effects on the displacement of the drop-meniscus profile and spontaneous spreading of a nanofluid as a film on a solid surface. Our analyses indicate that a suitable combination of the nanoparticle concentration, nanoparticle size, contact angle, and capillary pressure can result not only in the displacement of the three-phase contact line but also in the spontaneous spreading of the nanofluid as a film on a solid surface. We show here, for the first time, that the complete wetting and spontaneous spreading of the nanofluid as a film driven by the structural disjoining pressure gradient (arising due to the nanoparticle ordering in the confined wedge film) is possible by decreasing the nanoparticle size and the interfacial tension, even at a nonzero equilibrium contact angle. Experiments were conducted on the spreading of a nanofluid composed of 5, 10, 12.5, and 20 vol % silica suspensions of 20 nm (geometric diameter) particles. A drop of canola oil was placed underneath the glass surface surrounded by the nanofluid, and the spreading of the nanofluid was monitored using an advanced optical technique. The effect of an electrolyte, such as sodium chloride, on the nanofluid spreading phenomena was also explored. On the basis of the experimental results, we can conclude that a nanofluid with an effective particle size (including the electrical double layer) of about 40 nm, a low equilibrium contact angle (<3°), and a high effective volume concentration (>30 vol %) is desirable for the dynamic spreading of a nanofluid system with an interfacial tension of 0.5 mN/m. Our experimental observations also validate the major predications of our theoretical analysis.
Blockchain and Smart Contracts: Disruptive Technologies for the Insurance Market (2017)

Blockchain technologies paired with smart contracts exhibit the potential to transform the global insurance industry. The recent evolution of smart contracts and their fast adoption allow to rethink processes and to challenge traditional structures. Therefore, a special focus is on the analysis of the underlying technology and recent improvements. Further, we provide an overview of how the insurance sector may be affected by blockchain technology. We emphasize current challenges and limitations through analyzing two promising use cases in this area. We find that realizing the full potential of the blockchain technology requires overcoming several challenges including scalability, the incorporation of external information, flexibility, and permissioning schemes.
Continuous‐culture studies of synthesis and regulation of extracellular β(1‐3) glucanase and protease enzymes from <i>Oerskovia xanthineolytica</i> (1987)

This article describes the synthesis and regulation of beta(1-3)glucanase and protease enzymes from the cell lytic system of Oerskovia xanthineolytica LL-G109 in continuous culture using different concentrations of carbon source (glucose) and inducer (glucan). These two enzyme activities are the main components of a lytic system capable of lysing and disrupting whole yeast cells; it is subject to catabolite repression by glucose and is induced by yeast glucan. Peaks of beta(1-3)glucanase and protease activity are obtained at dilution rates of between 0.05 and 0.15 h(-1). The glucanase-protease ratio is very high compared to other strains. At dilution rates above 0.15 h(-1) all activities are similar to those obtained in batch culture. The lytic enzyme system appears to contain several beta(1-3)glucanase enzymes. In continuous culture both productivity and enzyme concentrations are greatly in creased when compared to batch culture, 11- and 4.4-fold, respectively.
An Extended Model of Serial Covariance Bid-Ask Spreads (2003)

This paper presents a generalized serial covariance spread pricing model that unifies and improves existing spread models. We analyze three cost components of spread: order processing, adverse information, and inventory holding costs. We modify Stoll's (1989) model by incorporating a two-period conditional probability trading model to derive a new spread estimator. We propose a methodology to estimate the input parameters. We then show this extended model potentially avoids some of the limitations associated with earlier models.
Normal‐Phase Chromatography (2009)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Retention Selectivity Method-Development Summary Problems in the Use of NPC Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography (HILIC) References
Photodamage (1996)

It is now recognized that intrinsic aging changes are distinct from those caused by habitual exposure to the sun (photoaging). Not only are these sun-induced alterations unsightly, but they also serve as a marker for patients at risk for developing skin cancer. Because of increased leisure time and affluence in our society, and an emphasis on sunbathing and other outdoor recreational activities during the last few decades, photoaging and skin cancer are becoming an ever-increasing problem and source of concern for health care professionals. The purpose of this article is to review the cause, clinical manifestations, and implications of photodamage. Photoprotection and other preventive measures to minimize photoaging and the risk of skin cancer will be discussed.
Parallel counter implementation (2003)

An (n,m) parallel counter is a circuit with n inputs that produces an m-bit binary count of the number of its inputs that are ones. The design of large parallel counters with up to 1022 inputs is reported. Design tradeoffs regarding the use of counter cells of size ranging from (3,2) to (31,5) as building blocks are examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>