gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Residual limb fluid volume change and volume accommodation (2018)

Factors other than time weight-bearing may contribute to morning-to-afternoon limb fluid volume changes and reported satisfaction with the prosthesis among trans-tibial prosthesis users. Temporary doffing may be a more effective and satisfying accommodation method than sock addition. Clinical relevance Practitioners should be mindful that daily limb fluid volume change and prosthesis satisfaction are not dictated exclusively by activity. Temporarily doffing the prosthesis may slow daily limb fluid volume loss and should be investigated as an alternative strategy to sock addition.
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and its binding partners in the cartilage extracellular matrix: Interaction, regulation and role in chondrogenesis (2014)

Thrombospondins (TSPs) are widely known as a family of five calcium-binding matricellular proteins. While these proteins belong to the same family, they are encoded by different genes, regulate different cellular functions and are localized to specific regions of the body. TSP-5 or Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) is the only TSP that has been associated with skeletal disorders in humans, including pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH) and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED). The pentameric structure of COMP, the evidence that it interacts with multiple cellular proteins, and the recent reports of COMP acting as a 'lattice' to present growth factors to cells, inspired this review of COMP and its interacting partners. In our review, we have compiled the interactions of COMP with other proteins in the cartilage extracellular matrix and summarized their importance in maintaining the structural integrity of cartilage as well as in regulating cellular functions.
Synthesis of cell‐impermeable inhibitor of phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (1986)

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in the cell surface membrane is considered a regulator of cellular secretion. The distinction between the role of the cell surface and the intracellular PLA2 is not clear, since it has not been possible to differentiate unequivocally the activity of the enzymes in the various organelles. The use of an extracellular inhibitor of PLA2 can greatly contribute to the understanding of cell surface PLA2 function. In this paper, the preparation of a cell-impermeable inhibitor of PLA2 is presented. This substance incorporates into lipid membranes and is capable of blocking the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids by snake venom as well as by cell membrane PLA2.
Photonic wire biosensor microarray chip and instrumentation with application to serotyping ofEscherichia coliisolates (2013)

A complete photonic wire molecular biosensor microarray chip architecture and supporting instrumentation is described. Chip layouts with 16 and 128 independent sensors have been fabricated and tested, where each sensor can provide an independent molecular binding curve. Each sensor is 50 μm in diameter, and consists of a millimeter long silicon photonic wire waveguide folded into a spiral ring resonator. An array of 128 sensors occupies a 2 × 2 mm2 area on a 6 × 9 mm2 chip. Microfluidic sample delivery channels are fabricated monolithically on the chip. The size and layout of the sensor array is fully compatible with commercial spotting tools designed to independently functionalize fluorescence based biochips. The sensor chips are interrogated using an instrument that delivers sample fluid to the chip and is capable of acquiring up to 128 optical sensor outputs simultaneously and in real time. Coupling light from the sensor chip is accomplished through arrays of sub-wavelength surface grating couplers, and the signals are collected by a fixed two-dimensional detector array. The chip and instrument are designed so that connection of the fluid delivery system and optical alignment are automated, and can be completed in a few seconds with no active user input. This microarray system is used to demonstrate a multiplexed assay for serotyping E. coli bacteria using serospecific polyclonal antibody probe molecules.
A Highly Selective Mitochondria‐Targeting Fluorescent K<sup>+</sup> Sensor (2015)

Regulation of intracellular potassium (K(+) ) concentration plays a key role in metabolic processes. So far, only a few intracellular K(+) sensors have been developed. The highly selective fluorescent K(+) sensor KS6 for monitoring K(+) ion dynamics in mitochondria was produced by coupling triphenylphosphonium, borondipyrromethene (BODIPY), and triazacryptand (TAC). KS6 shows a good response to K(+) in the range 30-500 mM, a large dynamic range (Fmax /F0 ≈130), high brightness (ϕf =14.4 % at 150 mM of K(+) ), and insensitivity to both pH in the range 5.5-9.0 and other metal ions under physiological conditions. Colocalization tests of KS6 with MitoTracker Green confirmed its predominant localization in the mitochondria of HeLa and U87MG cells. K(+) efflux/influx in the mitochondria was observed upon stimulation with ionophores, nigericin, or ionomycin. KS6 is thus a highly selective semiquantitative K(+) sensor suitable for the study of mitochondrial potassium flux in live cells.
Cell segmentation and NC ratio analysis of third harmonic generation virtual biopsy images based on marker-controlled gradient watershed algorithm (2012)

Traditional biopsy procedure requires invasive tissue removal from a living subject followed by time-consuming complicatedly processing, so noninvasive in vivo virtual biopsy is a highly desired technique which own ability to obtain exhaustive tissue images without removing tissues from subjects. Some sets of in vivo virtual biopsy images provided by some healthy volunteers are processed by our cell segmentation approach based on marker-controlled gradient watershed algorithm to isolate the nuclei and cytoplasm and also evaluate their Nuclear-to-Cytoplasmic (NC) ratio. From our experimental results, our algorithm has significant potential for in vivo cell segmentation and NC ratio analysis to identify or detect the early symptoms of some skin diseases with abnormal NC ratios, such as skin cancers in clinical diagnosis.
Characterizing the throughput gain of single cell MIMO wireless systems with full duplex radios (2016)

Abstract—Using additional antennas and signal processing techniques to build a full-duplex radio is becoming a popular topic in the networking research community. However, additional antennas are used for MIMO (multiple input multiple output) transmissions, traditionally, and it is well-known that increasing the number of antennas on either transmitter or receiver side increases the MIMO link capacity. Therefore, deployment of extra antennas on a transceiver has twofold applications, first increasing the capacity of half-duplex MIMO link, second pro-viding full-duplex capability for the radio. In this work, we look at the performance comparison between using multiple-antennas for capacity enhancement in a half-duplex MIMO link with that of utilizing them to build a full-duplex radio. Our results indicate that under certain conditions, using additional antennas for building full-duplex radio can provide performance boost compared to utilizing them to form a high capacity MIMO link. I.
In vivo frequency domain optoacoustic tomography (2012)

Optoacoustic imaging has been primarily implemented in the time domain, i.e., using ultrashort nanosecond laser pulses for illumination. Alternatively, frequency domain optoacoustic imaging can be performed when employing amplitude modulated light sources. We present herein a tomographic implementation of optoacoustic imaging using a linear frequency modulated laser source. The method developed demonstrated the ability to produce tomographic images of optical absorbing phantoms and in vivo images, by enabling visualization of the mouse tail following ICG injection.
Banding Artifact Reduction in Electrophotographic Processes Using OPC Drum Velocity Control (2001)

This paper proposed a new process control strategy for reducing banding artifacts in electrophotographic (EP) processes. EP banding artifact is shown to correlate to the fluctuation of the organic photoconductive (OPC) drum angular velocity. Improved regulation of the OPC drum rotational velocity under various process uncertainty and variations will significantly improve EP process stability and reduce the appearance of banding. The proposed control strategy includes two levels of OPC drum speed regulation. The first level utilizes a loop shaping technique to incorporate a human visual system (HVS) model into the control loop to eliminate low frequency and non-periodic drum velocity fluctuation. The second level uses an internal model based repetitive controller to reduce the effect of periodic velocity fluctuations. The HVS based loop shaping design is intended to address the subjective evaluation of printing process by incorporating human visual perception into EP process control. Experimental verification on a typical low cost 600-dpi EP engine showed significant banding reduction for spatial frequency up to 70 cycles per inch.
Discriminant Embedding for Local Image Descriptors (2007)

Invariant feature descriptors such as SIFT and GLOH have been demonstrated to be very robust for image matching and visual recognition. However, such descriptors are generally parameterised in very high dimensional spaces e.g. 128 dimensions in the case of SIFT. This limits the performance of feature matching techniques in terms of speed and scalability. Furthermore, these descriptors have traditionally been carefully hand crafted by manually tuning many parameters. In this paper, we tackle both of these problems by formulating descriptor design as a non- parametric dimensionality reduction problem. In contrast to previous approaches that use only the global statistics of the inputs, we adopt a discriminative approach. Starting from a large training set of labelled match/non-match pairs, we pursue lower dimensional embeddings that are optimised for their discriminative power. Extensive comparative experiments demonstrate that we can exceed the performance of the current state of the art techniques such as SIFT with far fewer dimensions, and with virtually no parameters to be tuned by hand.
Micro hydraulic pressure sensing stent (2015)

This paper reports both the novel configuration and the operation principle of a pressure sensing stent (medical mesh tube) that (1) completely incorporates a micro pressure sensor into the stent wire structure and (2) achieves 75 times amplification in output signals of capacitive sensing via micro-scale hydraulic movement. A fabrication method was developed for wafer-level manufacture of the `on-wire' pressure sensors, by grafting and processing multiple wires onto a silicon wafer. The fabricated pressure sensor on a stent successfully (1) detected the full cardiovascular pressure range of 60~260mmHg with a resolution of 0.24μm/mmHg; (2) produced 114fF of capacitive signal outputs, which is x75 times amplified compared to conventional measurement without hydraulic mechanism; and (3) demonstrated a frequency-based-sensing resolution of 0.4 kHz/mmHg at a resonance of 13.89MHz. The fabricated on-wire sensor held a tiny footprint of 8000×100μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , engraved on a 260μm-diameter copper wire, still enabling measureable outputs.
Distributed Combustion with Swirl for Gas Turbine Application (2011)

Distributed Combustion offers significant potential for improved performance and near zero emissions for gas turbine applications. The distributed combustion is characterized by uniform thermal field in the entire combustion chamber which helps to mitigate the hot-spot regions in the combustor thus reducing or eliminating the NOx formed from thermal NOx and simultaneous improvement of pattern factor from the combustor. Distributed reactions can be achieved in premixed, partially premixed or non-premixed modes of combustor operation with sufficient entrainment of burned gases and faster turbulent mixing between the reactants. Swirling flames have been widely used in gas turbine combustors to provide a hot gas recirculation zone and better mixing of the reactants to stabilize the flame. In this paper, colorless distributed combustion (CDC) utilizing swirl is investigated to examine and evaluate the beneficial aspects of CDC and swirl with special focus on developing near zero emission of NO and CO, and much improved pattern factor. Experimental investigations have been performed using a cylindrical geometry combustor with swirling air injection and non-swirling gas exit stream from the combustor. Air was injected tangentially to impart swirl to the flow inside the combustor. The proposed combustor design demonstrated very low levels of NO (~2PPM) and CO (~49PPM) emissions at an equivalence ratio of 0.7 and a high heat release intensity of 36MW/m 3 -atm. To further simulate gas turbine operating conditions, an air preheater was employed to preheat the inlet air to the combustor to 600K. Results showed very low levels of NO (~4PPM) and CO (~11PPM) emissions at an equivalence ratio of 0.6 and a high heat release intensity of 27MW/m 3 -atm with preheated air under premixed combustion. Results have also been obtained at different equivalence ratios on the emissions of NO and CO, lean stability limit and OH* chemiluminescence.
Visualization and Measurement of Surface Shear Stress Vector Distributions Using Liquid Crystal Coatings (1998)

When a shear-sensitive liquid crystal coating is illuminated from the normal direction by white light and observed from an oblique above-plane view angle, its color-change response to shear depends on both shear stress vector magnitude and the direction of the applied shear vector relative to the observer's in-plane line of sight. At any point, the maximum color change is always seen or measured when the local shear vector is aligned with, and directed away from, the observer; the magnitude of the color change at this vector/observer aligned orientation scales directly with shear stress magnitude. Conversely, any point exposed to a shear vector with a component directed toward the observer exhibits a noncolor-change response, always characterized by a rusty red or brown color, independent of both shear magnitude and direction. Based on this knowledge, full-surface shear stress vector visualization and measurement methodologies were formulated and successfully demonstrated. The present paper reviews the observations and measurements that led to the development of these methodologies and applications of both are discussed.
Applications of Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers: A Comprehensive Review (2021)

Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) was introduced as an alternative to the piezoelectric thick-film-based transducers in medical imaging applications. Gradually, CMUTs have been investigated in almost all the applications in acoustics due to their superior transduction properties. CMOS compatible process flow and limitless possibilities of miniaturization made CMUT a preferred choice for the ultrasound industry. This article comprehensively reviews all the applications in which CMUT was used until now. Such a complete review of the practical applications of CMUT has not been reported elsewhere. A topicwise presentation approach is adopted, and wherever possible, the necessary details of the device properties and experimental niceties were briefly covered.
Be my guest (2016)

The MCS lock is one of the most prevalent queuing locks. It provides fair scheduling and high performance on massively parallel systems. However, the MCS lock mandates a bring-your-own-context policy: each lock user must provide an additional context (i.e., a queue node) to interact with the lock. This paper proposes MCSg, a variant of the MCS lock that relaxes this restriction.
Validation of the BRODERS classifier (Benign<i>versus</i>aggRessive nODule Evaluation using Radiomic Stratification), a novel HRCT-based radiomic classifier for indeterminate pulmonary nodules (2020)

The BRODERS radiomic predictive model performs well on an independent dataset and may facilitate the management of indeterminate pulmonary nodules.
Lightpath provisioning in wavelength switched optical networks with flexible grid (2011)

An effective lightpath provisioning is proposed for PCE-based optical networks with flexible grid. The expected modulation formats at 400 Gb/s are considered showing that 12.5 GHz spacing is satisfactory to guarantee efficient network resource utilization.
Generating chat bots from web API specifications (2017)

Companies want to offer chat bots to their customers and employees which can answer questions, enable self-service, and showcase their products and services. Implementing and maintaining chat bots by hand costs time and money. Companies typically have web APIs for their services, which are often documented with an API specification. This paper presents a compiler that takes a web API specification written in Swagger and automatically generates a chat bot that helps the user make API calls. The generated bot is self-documenting, using descriptions from the API specification to answer help requests. Unfortunately, Swagger specifications are not always good enough to generate high-quality chat bots. This paper addresses this problem via a novel in-dialogue curation approach: the power user can improve the generated chat bot by interacting with it. The result is then saved back as an API specification. This paper reports on the design and implementation of the chat bot compiler, the in-dialogue curation, and working case studies.
Robust Non-Contact Monitoring of Respiratory Rate using a Depth Camera (2023)

We have demonstrated high accuracy in performance for respiratory rate based on a depth camera system. We have shown the ability to perform well at both high and low rates which are clinically important.
Semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibacterials. Part I. Preparation of selectively protected garamine derivatives (1976)

N-Alkoxycarbonyl and N-acyl derivatives of sisomicin, an unsaturated aminoglycoside antibiotic, have been demonstrated to undergo ready acid-catalysed hydrolysis to the novel pseudodisaccharide garamine [O-(3-deoxy-4-C-methyl-3-methylamino-β-L-arabinopyranosyl)-(1 → 6)-2-deoxy-D-streptamine]. Alternative procedures and routes for the selective protection of various hydroxy-groups in the garamine molecule are discussed. The selectively protected garamine derivatives constitute useful intermediates for the preparation of a wide variety of novel semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibacterials related to the clinically important gentamicins.
Knowledge-based hierarchical region-of-interest detection (2002)

Detecting regions of interest (ROIs) in a complex image is a critical step in many image processing applications. In this paper, we present a new algorithm that addresses several challenges in ROI detection. The novelty of our algorithm includes: (i) every ROI contains one and only one object; (ii) the detected ROIs can have irregular shapes as opposed to the rectangular shapes that are typical of other algorithms; (iii) the algorithm is applicable to images that contain connected objects, or when the objects are broken into pieces; (iv) the algorithm is not sensitive to contrast levels in the image, and is robust to noise. These characteristics make the proposed algorithm applicable to low-resolution, real-world imagery without costly post-processing. The proposed algorithm is shown to provide outstanding performance with low-quality imagery, and is shown to be fast and robust.
Fast method for noise level estimation and denoising [image processing example] (2005)

This work describes a novel technique for fast noise level estimation that can be used both in spatial and temporal filters to tune the filtering strength. The method has been validated by integrating it in a denoising algorithm for joint Gaussian noise reduction and defect correction in raw digital images.
Configuration to enlarge variation of dispersion range of tunable dispersion compensators using multi-reflective etalons (2006)

A novel configuration is proposed to enlarge variation of the dispersion range of tunable dispersion compensators using combinations of the basic blocks, consisting of multi-reflective angled etalons. By this configuration, three different types of compensators have been developed, with tunable dispersion ranges of 371, 514 and 623 ps/nm. Their insertion losses were less than 3.2, 4.2 and 5.4 dB (no circulators required), respectively.
An Efficient and Loss Tolerant Method for Measuring Available Bandwidth (2009)

Available bandwidth in important performance criterion for performance. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm called Single Burst (SB) for measuring the available bandwidth between end hosts. Additionally, we provide mathematical analysis to derive approximate upper bounds on amount of exchanged data and measurement latency for SB. Finally, we present a comparison of measurement latency, accuracy, usability, and network overhead among an implementation of SB and two existing available bandwidth measurement tools, i.e., Iperf and pathChirp. As a result, we conclude that SB measures the available bandwidth even under the condition of packet losses, with default settings, with faster response time, and without generating excessive test traffic.
Giant magnetoresistance enhancement in inhomogeneous semiconductors (1998)

We show that the low-field magnetoresistance (MR) of a semiconductor with inhomogeneities which are more conducting than the surrounding matrix is enhanced significantly compared to that of the homogeneous material. The enhancement results from a magnetic field induced geometric effect in which at high field the current is deflected around the conducting inhomogeneity. A model based on previous work by Wolfe et al. has been augmented to include the physical MR. The augmented model is used to account quantitatively for a 50-fold anomalous enhancement of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) observed at low field in (near) zero-band-gap thin-film Hg1−xCdxTe (x≈0.1). The practical implications of the GMR boost are noted.
Power Lines Real Time Monitoring (2006)

Nowadays, the electricity demand keeps increasing. To adapt to this request, an increase in the production of electricity, as well as in transmission and distribution capacities is necessary. Whereas the construction of a new site of energy production is relatively easy, it is extremely long and difficult to manage to build new overhead lines. Consequently, electricity companies are searching for means to maximize the transport capacity of their lines while preserving the minimal distances to the ground and the mechanical reliability of the lines. Real time monitoring of the line ampacity is one of the means which make it possible to optimize the use of high voltage lines.