gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical Kinematic Probability Distributions for 3D Human Shape and Pose Estimation from Images in the Wild (2021)

This paper addresses the problem of 3D human body shape and pose estimation from an RGB image. This is often an ill-posed problem, since multiple plausible 3D bodies may match the visual evidence present in the input - particularly when the subject is occluded. Thus, it is desirable to estimate a distribution over 3D body shape and pose conditioned on the input image instead of a single 3D re-construction. We train a deep neural network to estimate a hierarchical matrix-Fisher distribution over relative 3D joint rotation matrices (i.e. body pose), which exploits the human body’s kinematic tree structure, as well as a Gaussian distribution over SMPL body shape parameters. To further ensure that the predicted shape and pose distributions match the visual evidence in the input image, we implement a differentiable rejection sampler to impose a reprojection loss between ground-truth 2D joint coordinates and samples from the predicted distributions, projected onto the image plane. We show that our method is competitive with the state-of-the-art in terms of 3D shape and pose metrics on the SSP-3D and 3DPW datasets, while also yielding a structured probability distribution over 3D body shape and pose, with which we can meaningfully quantify prediction uncertainty and sample multiple plausible 3D reconstructions to explain a given input image.
The East as Poetic Commodity in Shakespeare’s <i>Venus and Adonis</i> (2011)

Abstract Although a great deal of current scholarship explores the impact of England’s trade with the Ottoman Empire and the East on early modern drama and travel narratives, very little has turned to poetry, and even less to Shakespeare’s poetry. I suggest that this is because we have been asking the wrong questions of early modern poetry. Instead of searching for representations of Oriental identity in poetry, we should look for evidence of the interplay of Eastern aesthetics and commodities in English verse, in order to interpret the intellectual and artistic effects of the mercantile and political exchange between East and West. This essay attempts to uncover an Eastern aesthetic in Shakespeare’s first narrative poem, Venus and Adonis . I contend that Adonis’s horse and the flower into which he transforms function as imported Eastern aesthetic commodities in the poem on many levels. First, the prized Arabian stallion’s Eastern heritage both exoticizes and naturalizes desire. Second, as valuable aesthetic objects capable of being bred (the horse) and propagated (the bulb) to generate economic success, both horse and flower perform the poetic and rhetorical roles of furthering the poem’s goal of out‐stripping Ovid and classical poetry and making a name for Shakespeare in the literary marketplace. Though Venus is unsuccessful in her courtship, Adonis’s horse and the flower into which he transforms are not. Their display in the poem attempts to breed fame and fortune for the poem’s new author in the same way an expensive imported animal or botanical specimen might for a nobleman, counteracting the poem’s narrative outcome.
Gingipains from<i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>— complex domain structures confer diverse functions (2011)

Gingipains, a group of arginine or lysine specific cysteine proteinases (also known as RgpA, RgpB and Kgp), have been recognized as major virulence factors in Porphyromonas gingivalis. This bacterium is one of a handful of pathogens that cause chronic periodontitis. Gingipains are involved in adherence to and colonization of epithelial cells, haemagglutination and haemolysis of erythrocytes, disruption and manipulation of the inflammatory response, and the degradation of host proteins and tissues. RgpA and Kgp are multi-domain proteins composed of catalytic domains and haemagglutinin/adhesin (HA) regions. The structure of the HA regions have previously been defined by a gingipain domain structure hypothesis which is a set of putative domain boundaries derived from the sequences of fragments of these proteins extracted from the cell surface. However, multiple sequence alignments and hidden Markov models predict an alternative domain architecture for the HA regions of gingipains. In this alternate model, two or three repeats of the so-called "cleaved adhesin" domains (and one other undefined domain in some strains) are the modules which constitute the substructure of the HA regions. Recombinant forms of these putative cleaved adhesin domains are indeed stable folded protein modules and recently determined crystal structures support the hypothesis of a modular organisation of the HA region. Based on the observed K2 and K3 structures as well as multiple sequence alignments, it is proposed that all the cleaved adhesin domains in gingipains will share the same β-sandwich jelly roll fold. The new domain model of the structure for gingipains and the haemagglutinin (HagA) proteins of P. gingivalis will guide future functional studies of these virulence factors.
Fine-grained sketch-based image retrieval: The role of part-aware attributes (2016)

We study the problem of fine-grained sketch-based image retrieval. By performing instance-level (rather than category-level) retrieval, it embodies a timely and practical application, particularly with the ubiquitous availability of touchscreens. Three factors contribute to the challenging nature of the problem: (i) free-hand sketches are inherently abstract and iconic, making visual comparisons with photos more difficult, (ii) sketches and photos are in two different visual domains, i.e. black and white lines vs. color pixels, and (iii) fine-grained distinctions are especially challenging when executed across domain and abstraction-level. To address this, we propose to detect visual attributes at part-level, in order to build a new representation that not only captures fine-grained characteristics but also traverses across visual domains. More specifically, (i) we propose a dataset with 304 photos and 912 sketches, where each sketch and photo is annotated with its semantic parts and associated part-level attributes, and with the help of this dataset, we investigate (ii) how strongly-supervised deformable part-based models can be learned that subsequently enable automatic detection of part-level attributes, and (iii) a novel matching framework that synergistically integrates low-level features, mid-level geometric structure and high-level semantic attributes to boost retrieval performance. Extensive experiments conducted on our new dataset demonstrate value of the proposed method.
Interfacial shear stress, peeling stress, and die cracking stress in trilayer electronic assemblies (2000)

Interfacial shear stress, peeling stress, and die cracking stress due to thermal and elastic mismatch in layered electronic assemblies are one of the major causes of the mechanical failure of electronic packages. A simple but rather accurate method is developed to estimate these thermal stresses for packages with different layer lengths. For layered electronics with thin adhesives, analytical expressions are obtained for interfacial shear stress and peeling stress, and they agree well with the finite element analysis, especially when the moduli of adhesive layers are significantly lower than the moduli of the other layers. An analytic expression of die cracking stress is also obtained for multilayer electronic assemblies.
The Feasibility Analysis of Multiprocessor Real-Time Systems (2006)

The multiprocessor scheduling of collections of real-time jobs is considered. Sufficient tests are derived for determining whether a given collection of jobs can be scheduled to meet all deadlines upon a specified multiprocessor platform - these tests may be applied even when the collection of jobs is incompletely specified. The applicability of these tests to the scheduling of collections of jobs that are generated by systems of recurrent real-time tasks is discussed
L'isolement des personnes agées dans six pays industriels (1974)

Houdaille Jacques. L'isolement des personnes âgées dans six pays industriels. In: Population, 29ᵉ année, n°2, 1974. pp. 345-347.
Aberrant reproductive phenotypes evident in transgenic mice expressing the wild-type mouse estrogen receptor (1994)

The estrogen receptor (ER) acts as a transcription factor to regulate multiple cellular functions involved in normal physiology, differentiation, and reproduction. To date, there is no known animal model for studying aberrant ER expression. Therefore, we created transgenic mice expressing the wild-type mouse ER under the control of the mouse metallothionein-I (MT) promoter to determine whether overexpression of the ER would disrupt normal reproductive processes. Five male and one female founder mice were produced, and all were fertile. The progeny from these mice were screened for MT-mER expression by the ribonuclease protection assay. Mice in all six lines were found to express the transgene in a variety of tissues, although generally at low levels. The highest level of expression was observed in the female reproductive tract of line E. Females in all six lines demonstrated aberrant reproductive phenotypes involving processes at parturition and, with some of the lines, a tendency toward reduced fertility. Gestational length was prolonged up to 4 days beyond the normal gestation of 19 days, providing evidence of delayed parturition. In addition, prolonged labor (up to 3 days in length to deliver all pups) and labors requiring cesarean sections for maternal survival demonstrated the occurrence of dystocia in the MT-mER females. As maternal age increased, the incidence of stillborn litters, delayed parturition, and dystocia approached 100% in the transgenic dams. Difficulties at parturition were not observed in nontransgenic control females. These phenotypes suggest that the mechanisms regulating parturition may be perturbed by improper expression of the ER. The MT-mER transgenic mice may provide a novel approach for studying the estrogen-regulated signals involved in parturition and fertility as well as a unique animal model for the human reproductive phenotypes of delayed parturition and dystocia.
Photopolymerization performed under dark conditions using long-stored electrons in carbon nitride (2021)

In nature, the chemical energy and electrons stored in ATP and NADPH generated during irradiation can facilitate biochemical reactions under dark conditions. However, in artificial photoreaction systems, it is still very difficult to perform photoreactions under dark conditions due to the fact that the photogenerated charge pairs can recombine immediately upon ceasing the irradiation. Preventing the recombination of photogenerated charge pairs still constitutes a major challenge at present. Here, it is reported that functionalized carbon nitride nanomaterials having many heptazine rings with a positive charge distribution, which can tightly trap photogenerated electrons, efficiently prevent the recombination of photogenerated charges. These stored charges are exceedingly long-lived (up to months) and can drive photopolymerization without light irradiation, even after one month. The system introduced here demonstrates a new approach for storing light energy as long-lived radicals, enabling photoreactions under dark conditions.
VisualBackProp: Efficient Visualization of CNNs for Autonomous Driving (2018)

This paper proposes a new method, that we call VisualBackProp, for visualizing which sets of pixels of the input image contribute most to the predictions made by the convolutional neural network (CNN). The method heavily hinges on exploring the intuition that the feature maps contain less and less irrelevant information to the prediction decision when moving deeper into the network. The technique we propose is dedicated for CNN-based systems for steering self-driving cars and is therefore required to run in real-time. This makes the proposed visualization method a valuable debugging tool which can be easily used during both training and inference. We justify our approach with theoretical arguments and confirm that the proposed method identifies sets of input pixels, rather than individual pixels, that collaboratively contribute to the prediction. We utilize the proposed visualization tool in the NVIDIA neural-network-based end-to-end learning system for autonomous driving, known as PilotNet. We demonstrate that VisualBackProp determines which elements in the road image most influence PilotNet's steering decision and indeed captures relevant objects on the road. The empirical evaluation furthermore shows the plausibility of the proposed approach on public road video data as well as in other applications and reveals that it compares favorably to the layer-wise relevance propagation approach, i.e. it obtains similar visualization results and achieves order of magnitude speed-ups.
Final Cut Pro 7 (2010)

Getting Started Creating a Rough Cut Lesson 1 Editing in Final Cut Pro Lesson 2 Building the Rough Cut Lesson 3 Finishing the Rough Cut Refining the Rough Cut Lesson 4 Trimming Clip Duration Lesson 5 Refining Edit Points Lesson 6 Refining the Editing Process Customizing and Capturing Lesson 7 Customizing Final Cut Pro Lesson 8 Capturing and Transferring Footage Completing the Cut Lesson 9 Applying Transitions Lesson 10 Mixing Audio Tracks Lesson 11 Creating Titles Adding Effects and Finishing Lesson 12 Changing Motion Properties Lesson 13 Applying Filters Lesson 14 Finishing and Outputting Glossary Index
LENZILUMAB EFFICACY AND SAFETY IN NEWLY HOSPITALIZED COVID-19 SUBJECTS: RESULTS FROM THE LIVE-AIR PHASE 3 RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL (2021)

Lenzilumab significantly improved SWOV in hospitalized, hypoxic subjects with COVID-19 pneumonia over and above treatment with remdesivir and/or corticosteroids. Subjects with CRP<150 mg/L and age <85 years demonstrated an improvement in survival and had the greatest benefit from lenzilumab. NCT04351152.
<title>Crack detection using multimode fiber optical time domain reflectometry</title> (1994)

Results of measurements of longitudinal and transverse crack growth using multimode fiber optical time domain reflectometry are presented. Crack detection thresholds less than 0.1 millimeter are readily achieved with OTDR. A sensor package design has been developed to provide controllable directional response characteristics. In particular, a method to eliminate the orientation angle problem and yield omnidirectional sensor response characteristics has been discovered. Results are reported on a novel all-fiber sensor capable of sensing 10 micrometers crack displacements while surviving and sensing 150% strains and displacements of 6 mm. Transmission measurements of the sensor using white light are also reported. The method is suitable for distributed sensing applications covering large areas of structures and adaptable to response enhancements required for real time structural monitoring at rates on the order of hundreds of Hertz. Applications include bridges, buildings, main-steam pipelines, and offshore platforms.
Roles of protease-activated receptors in a mouse model of endotoxemia (2006)

Endotoxemia is often associated with extreme inflammatory responses and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Protease-activated receptors (PARs) mediate cellular responses to coagulation proteases, including platelet activation and endothelial cell reactions predicted to promote inflammation. These observations suggested that PAR activation by coagulation proteases generated in the setting of endotoxemia might promote platelet activation, leukocyte-mediated endothelial injury, tissue damage, and death. Toward testing these hypotheses, we examined the effect of PAR deficiencies that ablate platelet and endothelial activation by coagulation proteases in a mouse endotoxemia model. Although coagulation was activated as measured by thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) production and antithrombin III (ATIII) depletion, Par1(-/-), Par2(-/-), Par4(-/-), Par2(-/-):Par4(-/-), and Par1(-/-):Par2(-/-) mice all failed to show improved survival or decreased cytokine responses after endotoxin challenge compared with wild type. Thus, our results fail to support a necessary role for PARs in linking coagulation to inflammation or death in this model. Interestingly, endotoxin-induced thrombocytopenia was not diminished in Par4(-/-) mice. Thus, a mechanism independent of platelet activation by thrombin was sufficient to cause thrombocytopenia in our model. These results raise the possibility that decreases in platelet count in the setting of sepsis may not be caused by disseminated intravascular coagulation but instead report on a sometimes parallel but independent process.
Oxygen Saturation of 75%, but No Symptoms! (2016)

without restriction (TLC 6.06 L,
DWT-SVD based Dual Watermarking Scheme (2008)

In the recent years, digital watermarking is used for copyright protection and authentication. In this paper, a new dual watermarking scheme based on DWT-SVD is presented to improve the robustness and protection. Both discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) have been used as a mathematical tool to embed watermark in the image. In the proposed technique, two watermarks are embedded in the host image. First watermark is called primary watermark, which is a gray scale digital image. Second watermark is called secondary watermark which is a gray scale meaningful logo instead of randomly generated Gaussian noise type watermark. The secondary watermark is embedded into primary watermark and the resultant watermarked image is used as watermark for the host image. A reliable watermark extraction scheme is developed for the extraction of the primary as well as secondary watermark from the distorted image. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed scheme is able to withstand a variety of attacks. The secondary watermark is easy to detect in all the cases but sometimes primary one is severely distorted.
Properties of High Strength Steels (1984)

Valves for compressors are made from a number of different high-strength strip steels.To aid the designers with the material selection five valve steels have been documented with respect to their material properties.The steels studied are the martensitic AISI 1095 (1C steel), AISI 420 (13Cr, 0.2C) and UHB SS 716 (13Cr, 0.35C) and the austenitic AISI 301(18-8) and 17-7 PH.The steels have been investigated with respect to composition, structure, cleanliness, general corrosion resistance, wear resistance, hardness, tensile strength in the temperature range -200 to 400C, fracture toughness, creep rupture strength and bending fatigue strength.
Price and Corporate Social Responsibility: The Consumers’ Perspective (2014)

The author performs a systematic literature review on academic papers regarding Corporate Social Responsibility and Price, from the consumer’s perspective, in ISI Current Contents. Based on 219 academic papers a content analysis is undertaken in a grounded-theory methodological approach. A growing trend of publications from 2008 onwards, revealing the relationship of CSR and price as an emerging concern, is presented and specialized international journals in the area are pointed out. A map of the field allows the identification of main research areas, emphasizing possible trends towards publications in this field in the upcoming years. The main topics reflected in each group are CSR perceptions and its relation with purchase intention (group 1), how CSR drives consumer behavior, namely consumer involvement and engagement (group 2), the ethical dimension of CSR and its impact on consumer response, namely the willingness to pay a higher price (group 3), and finally, the case of cause-related marketing approach (group 4), which may represent a specific form of CSR, allowing companies to boost their reputation and set up higher prices.
A 2 V low-distortion CMOS biquadratic cell (2002)

This paper presents a fully differential CMOS biquadratic cell using an active-C integrator at a 2 V supply voltage. An operational transconductance amplifier is used based on grounded MOS transistors biased in the triode region by a simple current conveyor. DC measurements validate the high linearity of the transconductor. The transconductor achieves inherently a high transconductance to current ratio which can be further increased by degenerating the current conveyor. The integrator does not require any additional input common-mode rejection circuit and has an inherent output common-mode stabilization circuit, making it very compact. The biquadratic cell shows a total harmonic distortion of -60 dB for a 500 kHz 1 Vpp signal. The power dissipation per pole is 300 /spl mu/W.
[<sup>14</sup>C]GA<sub>12</sub>-Aldehyde, [<sup>14</sup>C]GA<sub>12</sub>, and [<sup>2</sup>H]- and [<sup>14</sup>C]GA<sub>53</sub> Metabolism by Elongating Pea Pericarp (1991)

Gibberellins (GAs) are either required for, or at least promote, the growth of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) fruit. Whether the pericarp of the pea fruit produces GAs in situ and/or whether GAs are transported into the pericarp from the developing seeds or maternal plant is currently unknown. The objective of this research was to investigate whether the pericarp tissue contains enzymes capable of metabolizing GAs from [(14)C]GA(12)-7-aldehyde ([(14)C]GA(12)ald) to biologically active GAs. The metabolism of GAs early in the biosynthetic pathway, [(14)C]GA(12) and [(14)C]GA(12)ald, was investigated in pericarp tissue isolated from 4-day-old pea fruits. [(14)C]GA(12)ald was metabolized primarily to [(14)C]GA(12)ald-conjugate, [(14)C]GA(12), [(14)C]GA(53), and polar conjugate-like products by isolated pericarp. In contrast, [(14)C]GA(12) was converted primarily to [(14)C]GA(53) and polar conjugate-like products. Upon further investigations with intact 4-day-old fruits on the plant, [(14)C]GA(12) was found to be converted to a product which copurified with endogenous GA(20). Lastly, [(2)H]GA(20) and [(2)H]GA(1) were recovered 48 hours after application of [(2)H]- and [(14)C]GA(53) to pericarp tissue of intact 3-day-old pea fruits. These results demonstrate that pericarp tissue metabolizes GAs and suggests a function for pericarp GA metabolism during fruit growth.
Nonenzymatic Glycosylation of Low Density Lipoproteins In Vitro: Effects on Cell-interactive Properties (1981)

Atherosclerosis occurs at an accelerated rate in patients with diabetes mellitus. Since some proteins undergo nonenzymatic glycosylation in diabetic patients and because certain chemical modifications of low density lipoproteins produced alterations in their interactions with certain cultured cells, a fact that may be relevant to atherogenesis, we investigated the effect of in vitro glycosylation on cell-related properties of low density lipoproteins. Glycosylation was carried out by incubating LDL (1-10 mg LDL-protein/ml) with glucose (0-100 mM) in 0.5 M phosphate buffer, pH 8.0, at 37 degrees C. The amount of glucose incorporated into LDL after 1-2 wk of incubation was estimated to be in the range of 1-10 mol/mol LDL-protein. Amino acid analysis of glycosylated LDL showed that glucose was covalently bound to lysine residues. In studies with cultured human fibroblasts, glycosylated LDL was internalized and degraded significantly less than control LDL, in proportion to the estimated degree of glycosylation (12% of control for the most extensively glycosylated LDL). Glycosylation of LDL also impaired significantly its ability to stimulate cholesteryl ester synthesis by cultured fibroblasts. Glycosylated LDL did not stimulate cholesteryl ester synthesis in rat peritoneal macrophages. If glycosylation of LDL occurs in diabetic patients, some pathophysiologic consequences related to the increased incidence of atherosclerosis in these patients may result.