gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Two tarantula venom peptides as potent and differential NaV channels blockers (2013)

Voltage dependent sodium (Na(V)) channels are large membrane spanning proteins which lie in the basis of action potential generation and propagation in excitable cells and hence are essential mediators of neuronal signaling. Inhibition of Na(V) channel activity is one of the core mechanisms to treat conditions related to neuronal hyperexcitability, such as epilepsy in the clinic. Na(V) channel blockers are also extensively used to locally inhibit action potential generation and related pain perceptions in the form of local anesthetics. Here we describe the isolation, biochemical characterization, synthesis and in vitro characterization of two potent Na(V) channel blockers from the venom of the Paraphysa scrofa (Phrixotrichus auratus) tarantula spider. Both Voltage sensor toxin 3 (VSTx-3, κ-theraphotoxin-Gr4a) and GTx1-15 (Toxin Gtx1-15), were originally isolated from the venom of the related tarantula Grammostola rosea and described as K(V) and Ca(V) channel blockers, respectively. In our hands, GTx1-15 was shown to be a potent inhibitor of tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive channels (IC₅₀ 0.007 μM for hNa(V)1.7 and 0.12 μM for hNa(V)1.3 channels), with very little effect on TTX-resistant (Na(V)1.5 and NaV1.8) channels. VSTx-3 was demonstrated to be a potent, TTX-sensitive sodium channel blocker and especially, potent blocker of Na(V)1.8 channels (IC₅₀ 0.19 μM for hNa(V)1.3, 0.43 μM for hNa(V)1.7 and 0.77 μM for hNa(V)1.8 channels). Such potent inhibitors with differential selectivity among Na(V) channel isoforms may be used as tools to study the roles of the different channels in processes related to hyperexcitability and as lead compounds to treat pathological pain conditions.
Order-Extended Sparse RLS Algorithm for Doubly-Selective MIMO Channel Estimation (2011)

We develop a recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm which employs L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -L <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</sub> regularized sparse regressions to estimate a sparse channel matrix in frequency-and-time selective fading for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) wireless communications. We propose an improved sparse RLS by using an order extension technique for rapid fading channels. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed sparse RLS algorithm offers a significant improvement over the conventional RLS algorithm.
New device for creating a continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (2014)

All authors are named as the inventors in a patent filed by the University of Colorado covering the details in this report.
Multicast at Edge: An Edge Network Architecture for Service-Less Crowdsourced Live Video Multicast (2021)

Using smartphones, tablets, and other portable/handheld devices, we have become more reliant on the video streaming services for entertainment and remote work. Mobile data traffic has grown eighteen folds over the past five years accounting for the majority of IP traffic. YouTube Live, Facebook Live, Twitch, DouYu and other streaming as well as video conferencing services have increased in popularity so at any given moment they serve thousands of live video streams to millions of users. The Enhanced Multimedia Broadcast Multimedia Service (eMBMS) is the standard multicast protocol for 5G networks. Cellular multicast has gained considerable attention to efficiently utilize the limited spectrum to transmit multimedia content to cellular sites with co-located viewers, lowering the cost, and maximizing the Quality of Experience (QoE). However, popular live video content providers use unicast mode for live video delivery and have limited support in the eMBMS service-oriented network architecture. In this paper, we propose an overlay network architecture to augment eMBMS to address the limitations of the standard eMBMS architecture and enable service-less multicast for crowdsourced live video providers. We propose a Virtual Network Function (VNF) service that identifies potential multicast scenarios based on user requests for a live video within a confined area. The VNF Application Server collects information, validates a potential multicast scenario, and initiates an ad-hoc multicast service on the fly. We use a real-world dataset of Facebook Live videos to evaluate the proposed architecture. The simulation results depict considerable advantages in terms of cost, efficiency, and Quality of Experience (QoE). Our results show that the proposed architecture provides significant benefits in bandwidth saving at the backhaul, transit, and RAN links.
Selective Sorption Properties of Zeolites (1980)

Zeolites are highly porous crystalline adsorbents with pore openings of fixed and uniform dimension. The surface for adsorption is essentially entirely internal due to the channels and cavities which uniformly penetrate the entire volume of the adsorbent. The molecular sieving properties of the zeolites are uniquely determined by their pore diameters, the magnitude of which determines what size molecules are totally excluded from the interior of the zeolite. Quite apart from this molecular sieving effect, zeolites are also effective in selectively sorbing particular components from a mixture of molecules all individually capable of penetrating the entire zeolite. Some liquid phase sorption equilibria studies have been reported for both the small-pore 5A molecular sieve (1) and the large-pore faujasite NaY zeolite (2). With the recent synthesis of intermediate pore size zeolites such as ZSM-5 and ZSM-11(3), a study of the selective sorption properties of these zeolites was initiated. The high silica/alumina
Profiling of Human Antibody Responses to<i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>Urogenital Tract Infection Using Microplates Arrayed with 156 Chlamydial Fusion Proteins (2006)

The available chlamydial genome sequences have made it possible to comprehensively analyze host responses to all chlamydial proteins, which is essential for further understanding of chlamydial pathogenesis and development of effective chlamydial vaccines. Microplates arrayed with 156 Chlamydia trachomatis fusion proteins were used to evaluate antibody responses in women urogenitally infected with C. trachomatis. Based on both the antibody recognition frequency and titer, seven chlamydial antigens encoded by open reading frames (ORFs) CT089, CT147, CT226, CT681, CT694, CT795, and CT858, respectively, were identified as relatively immunodominant; six of these are encoded by hypothetical ORFs. Antibody binding to these chlamydial fusion proteins was blocked by C. trachomatis-infected but not by normal HeLa cell lysates or irrelevant bacterial lysates. These results have revealed novel immune-reactive chlamydial antigens, not only indicating that the hypothetical ORF-encoded proteins are expressed during chlamydial infection in humans but also providing the proof of principle that the fusion protein-based approach can be used to profile human immune responses to chlamydial infection at the whole-genome scale.
CHAPTER 6. Graphene-based Membranes for Gas Separation (2017)

Nanomaterials have tremendous potential in a wide variety of membrane applications. Within the vast range of nanomaterials, there are many cases of dense and porous membranes with exceptional strength and tailored surface properties, which can be extremely light or thin. Currently, graphene-based membrane materials (e.g., nanoporous graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and graphene- or GO-embedded polymers) hold great promise for membrane-based gas separations. For the last decade, significant advances have been made on the development of graphene-based membranes for gas separation via both a large number of theoretical studies and some proof-of-concept experiments. Theoretically, graphene-based membranes can afford remarkably high gas permeance and selectivity with notable mass-transport properties that may be not possible with state-of-the-art commercial polymeric, inorganic, and ceramic membranes. Prompted by these theoretical calculations, as well as the unique physical-chemical properties of graphene, many experimental approaches have been extensively explored to make these membranes a reality for practical processes. In this chapter, the latest achievements on both theoretical and experimental studies of graphene-based membranes are discussed in relation to gas separation applications.
A New NO-Releasing Nanoformulation for the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2016)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic and progressive disease which continues to carry an unacceptably high mortality and morbidity. The nitric oxide (NO) pathway has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of the disease. Its extremely short half-life and systemic effects have hampered the clinical use of NO in PAH. In an attempt to circumvent these major limitations, we have developed a new NO-nanomedicine formulation. The formulation was based on hydrogel-like polymeric composite NO-releasing nanoparticles (NO-RP). The kinetics of NO release from the NO-RP showed a peak at about 120 min followed by a sustained release for over 8 h. The NO-RP did not affect the viability or inflammation responses of endothelial cells. The NO-RP produced concentration-dependent relaxations of pulmonary arteries in mice with PAH induced by hypoxia. In conclusion, NO-RP drugs could considerably enhance the therapeutic potential of NO therapy for PAH.
Picking the Lock on Pluripotency (2013)

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are obtained by reprogramming somatic cells. This powerful disease-modeling research tool is central to certain experimental approaches to therapy. A recent study showed that iPS cells can be generated with a very high degree of efficiency.
Mild and Selective Vanadium-Catalyzed Oxidation of Benzylic, Allylic, and Propargylic Alcohols Using Air (2011)

Transition metal-catalyzed aerobic alcohol oxidation is an attractive method for the synthesis of carbonyl compounds, but most catalytic systems feature precious metals and require pure oxygen. The vanadium complex (HQ)(2)V(V)(O)(O(i)Pr) (2 mol %, HQ = 8-quinolinate) and NEt(3) (10 mol %) catalyze the oxidation of benzylic, allylic, and propargylic alcohols with air. The catalyst can be easily prepared under air using commercially available reagents and is effective for a wide range of primary and secondary alcohols.
Silver Prussian Blue Analogue Nanoparticles: Rationally Designed Advanced Nanomedicine for Multifunctional Biomedical Applications (2019)

The development of simple, cost-effective, and advanced multifunctional technology is the need of the hour to combat cancer as well as bacterial infections. There have been reports of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), silver salts, and Prussian blue (PB) being used for medicinal purposes which are clinically approved. In this context, in the present communication, we incorporated PB and silver salts (silver nitrate) to develop silver PB analogue nanoparticles (SPBANPs), a new nanomedicine formulation as a safer and effective mode of treatment strategy (2-in-1) for both cancer and bacterial infections. Considering all fundamental issues of nanomedicine, along with understanding of the biological impact of PB, we designed a simple, fast, efficient, cheap, and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of [poly(<i>N</i>-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)]-stabilized silver hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles (silver PB analogue: Ag<sub>3</sub>[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>] abbreviated as SPBANPs). Various analytical tools were used to analyze and characterize the nanomaterials (SPBANPs). The SPBANPs were highly stable for several weeks in various phosphate buffers with a range of physiological pH conditions (pH = 6-8). The nanoparticles showed biocompatibility in vivo in C57BL6/J mice that encouraged us to screen the nanoparticles for various biomedical applications. The SPBANPs themselves exhibited remarkable inhibition of cancer cell proliferation (B16F10, A549, MCF-7, and SK-OV-3) in vitro. Substantial inhibition of melanoma tumor growth was observed in the C57BL6/J mouse model (aggressive murine melanoma model: B16F10) after intraperitoneal administration of the SPBANPs without any anticancer drug. Additionally, the SPBANPs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity in various Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumonia</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) and Gram-positive (<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>) bacteria. Interestingly, this nanoformulation itself works as a drug delivery vehicle, as well as an anticancer and antibacterial agent. The in vitro and in vivo results together demonstrate that this biocompatible nanoformulation (SPBANPs) without an anticancer drug or antibiotic could be explored to develop as a multifunctional therapeutic agent (2-in-1) for the treatment of cancer and bacterial infections in the near future.
Adapting cereals to drought: genetic and management solutions (2017)

Adapting crops to drought requires genetic and management solutions. There are many possible management systems (e.g. combinations of planting dates, fertilizers, irrigation, row spacing, population, cropping systems) and many possible genotypes to combat drought. The challenge is to identify favourable combinations of genotypes and management practices in a complex system. Examples of genetic (stay-green in sorghum & wheat) and management (water-saving strategies in rice) solutions are presented.
Application of high-efficiency phosphorescent OLEDs in both passive and active matrix displays (2003)

High-efficiency electrophosphorescent organic light emitting devices (OLEDs), based on triplet emission, is an enabling technology for low power full-color OLED displays. In addition, top emission OLED architectures can be used to maximize display aperture ratio and pixel current densities. In this paper we report on recent results in red, green and blue phosphorescent and top emission OLEDs and discuss the benefits that these attributes have on both active and passive matrix display performance.
Non-invasive venous waveform analysis (NIVA) for volume assessment in patients undergoing hemodialysis: an observational study (2020)

Abstract Background Accurate assessment of volume status to direct dialysis remains a clinical challenge. Despite current attempts at volume-directed dialysis, inadequate dialysis and intradialytic hypotension (IDH) are common occurrences. Peripheral venous waveform analysis has recently been developed as a method to accurately determine intravascular volume status through algorithmic quantification of changes in the waveform that occur at different volume states. A noninvasive method to capture peripheral venous signals is described ( N on- I nvasive V enous waveform A nalysis, NIVA). The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to characterize changes in NIVA signal with dialysis. We hypothesized that there would be a change in signal after dialysis and that the rate of intradialytic change in signal would be predictive of IDH. Methods Fifty subjects undergoing inpatient hemodialysis were enrolled. A 10-mm piezoelectric sensor was secured to the middle volar aspect of the wrist on the extremity opposite to the access site. Signals were obtained fifteen minutes before, throughout, and up to fifteen minutes after hemodialysis. Waveforms were analyzed after a fast Fourier transformation and identification of the frequencies corresponding to the cardiac rate, with a NIVA value generated based on the weighted powers of these frequencies. Results Adequate quality (signal to noise ratio > 20) signals pre- and post- dialysis were obtained in 38 patients (76%). NIVA values were significantly lower at the end of dialysis compared to pre-dialysis levels (1.203 vs 0.868, p < 0.05, n = 38). Only 16 patients had adequate signals for analysis throughout dialysis, but in this small cohort the rate of change in NIVA value was predictive of IDH with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 100%. Conclusions This observational, proof-of-concept study using a NIVA prototype device suggests that NIVA represents a novel and non-invasive technique that with further development and improvements in signal quality may provide static and continuous measures of volume status to assist with volume directed dialysis and prevent intradialytic hypotension.
Plasmon resonance spectroscopy: probing molecular interactions at surfaces and interfaces (2001)

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy can be applied to a wide variety of interfacial systems. It involves resonant excitation by polarized light of electronic oscillations (plasmons) in a thin metal film. These generate a surface‒localized evanescent electromagnetic field that can be used to probe the optical properties perpendicular to the film plane of materials immobilized at the surface. Spectra depend on three parameters: refractive index ( n ), absorption coefficient ( k ) and thickness ( t ). Maxwell′s equations provide an analytical relationship between these properties and SPR spectra, allowing their evaluation. An extension of this methodology, called coupled plasmon‒waveguide resonance (CPWR or PWR), is able to characterize film properties both perpendicular and parallel to the surface plane. In a PWR device, the metal film is covered with a dielectric coating that acts as an optical amplifier, provides protection for the metal layer, and possesses a surface that allows various molecular immobilization strategies. The exceptionally narrow line widths of PWR spectra yield enhanced sensitivity and resolution. The application of this technology to several biomembrane systems will be described, demonstrating its ability to observe both binding and structural events occurring during membrane protein function.
Arc-Flash Incident Energy Variations: A Study of Low-Voltage Motor Control Center Unit Configurations and Incident Energy Exposure (2014)

There has been significant progress in arc-flash research in recent years, but there has been little focus on how the internal configuration of equipment affects the released incident energy. The relationship between low-voltage motor control center (MCC) unit configurations and incident energy exposure resulting from an arc flash is examined in this article. Testing was conducted using actual MCC structures and units. The design of experiment (DOE) methodology was used to analyze several MCC configuration variables, including unit type, unit size, percent fill of unit, power wire size and length, location of the unit within the structure, and their relationships to incident energy as well as arcing duration and arcing current. The results from 24 arcing tests were analyzed, and the magnitude of incident energy measured during the events was observed to be related to the percent fill of components within the units and properties of interior unit surfaces.
Shape memory surfaces (2006)

Temperature-controlled reversible surface protrusions can be made on NiTi shape memory alloys and thin films as a result of indentation induced two-way shape memory effect. First, spherical indents or scratches are made on the surface of a NiTi alloy in its martensite phase. Second, the indented or scratched surface is planarized to restore a flat surface. Reversible circular and line protrusions are produced by altering the temperature to drive the martensite to austenite phase transformation. This phenomenon can be exploited for a wide range of optical, tribological, and microelectromechanical device applications.
Development of a sub-100-nm integrated imaging system using chromeless phase-shifting imaging with very high NA KrF exposure and off-axis illumination (2002)

Examining features of varying pitch imaged using phase-shifting masks shows a pitch dependence on the transmission best suited for optimum imaging. The reason for this deals with the relative magnitude of the zero and higher diffraction orders that are formed as the exposing wavelength passes through the plurality of zero and 180-degree phase-shifted regions. Subsequently, some of the diffraction orders are collected and projected to form the image of the object. Chromeless Phase-Shift Lithography (CPL) deals with using halftoning structures to manipulate these relative magnitudes of these diffraction orders to ultimately construct the desired projected image. A key feature of CPL is that with the ability to manipulate the diffraction orders, a single weak phase-shifting mask can be made to emulate any weak phase-shifting mask and therefore the optimal imaging condition of any pattern can be placed on a single mask regardless of the type of weak phase-shifter that produces that result. In addition, these structures are used to render the plurality of size, shape and pitch such that the formed images produce their respective desired size and shape with sufficient image process tolerance. These images are typically made under identical exposure conditions, but not limited to single exposure condition. These halftoning structures can be used exterior, as assist features, or interior to the primary feature. These structures can range in transmission from 0% to 100% and they can be phase-shifted relative to the primary features or not. Thus CPL deals with the design, layout, and utilization of transparent and semi-transparent phase-shift masks and their use in an integrated imaging solution of exposure tool, mask and the photoresist recording media. This paper describes the method of diffraction matching, provides an example and reviews some experimental data using high numerical aperture KrF exposure.
Robust sensing and predictive control of direct metal deposition (2008)

Direct metal deposition is one of the rapid manufacturing technologies to fabricate geometrically complicated, dense, near-net-shape components. Deposition process involves a large number of parameters, among which the laser power is considered as the primary variable. In order to develop a control system for the process, molten pool temperature during deposition was monitored by a two-color pyrometer. Laser power and molten pool temperature form a single-input single-output system, whose dynamics were identified using a linear state space model. A generalized predictive control system with input constraints was designed for controlling the direct metal deposition process. To demonstrate the use of the proposed sensor and control algorithm, closed-loop experiments were conducted to adjust the laser power in order to track molten pool temperatures to the reference values.
Multimode Interference Waveguide-Based 7× Multiplexed Detection of Nucleic Acids for Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Screening (2018)

A multimode interference (MMI) waveguide creates distinct spectral spot patterns at three wavelengths in a single liquid-core waveguide on an optofluidic chip. These patterns enable 7× multiplexed fluorescence detection of bacterial nucleic acids combinatorially labeled with these three colors.
Evolutionary Screening of Collagen-like Peptides That Nucleate Hydroxyapatite Crystals (2011)

The biogenesis of inorganic/organic composite materials such as bone typically involves the process of templated mineralization. Biomimetic synthesis of bone-like materials therefore requires the development of organic scaffolds that mediate mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HAP), the major inorganic component of bone. Using phage display, we identified a 12-residue peptide that bound to single-crystal HAP and templated the nucleation and growth of crystalline HAP mineral in a sequence- and composition-dependent manner. The sequence responsible for the mineralizing activity resembled the tripeptide repeat (Gly-Pro-Hyp) of type I collagen, a major component of bone extracellular matrix. Using a panel of synthetic peptides, we defined the structural features required for mineralizing activity. The results support a model for the cooperative noncovalent interaction of the peptide with HAP and suggest that native collagen may have a mineral-templating function in vivo. We expect this short HAP-binding peptide to be useful in the synthesis of three-dimensional bone-like materials.