gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Enhanced signal-to-noise ratios in the nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of solids, using large-sample magic-angle spinners (1990)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnhanced signal-to-noise ratios in the nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of solids, using large-sample magic-angle spinnersMing. Zhang and Gary E. MacielCite this: Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 6, 633–638Publication Date (Print):March 15, 1990Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 March 1990https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00205a019https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00205a019research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views76Altmetric-Citations18LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ring-closure reactions. 8. Synthesis and ultraviolet spectra of macrocyclic aromatic ethers (1977)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRing-closure reactions. 8. Synthesis and ultraviolet spectra of macrocyclic aromatic ethersLuigi Mandolini and Bernardo MasciCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1977, 42, 17, 2840–2843Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1977Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1977https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00437a012https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00437a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views318Altmetric-Citations7LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Comparison of Seizure Detection Algorithms in Continuously Monitored Pediatric Patients (2007)

Robust, automated seizure detection has long been an important goal in epilepsy research because of both the possibilities for portable intervention devices and the potential to provide prompter, more efficient treatment while in clinic. The authors present results on how well four seizure detection algorithms (based on principal eigenvalue [EI], total power, Kolmogorov entropy [KE], and correlation dimension) discriminated between ictal and interictal EEG and electrocorticoencephalography (ECoG) from four patients (aged 13 months to 21 years). Test data consisted of 46 to 78 hours of continuously acquired EEG/ECoG for each patient (245 hours total), and the detectors' accuracy was checked against seizures found by a board-certified neurologist and an experienced registered EEG technician. The results were patient-specific: no algorithm performed well on a 13-month-old patient, and no algorithm consistently performed best on the other three patients. One of the metrics (EI) supported the existence of a postictal period of 5 to 15 minutes in the three oldest patients, but no strong evidence of a preictal anticipation was found. Two metrics (EI and KE) cycled continuously with a period of several hours in a 21-year-old patient, highlighting the importance of continuous analysis to differentiate background cycling from anticipation.
Mundos Reais, Mundos Virtuais. Os Jovens nas salas de chat (2005)

É voz corrente que a crescente integração do computador e das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) no quotidiano da sociedade, comunidade ou grupo provoca uma alteração cultural e estrutural. Vivem-se tempos de mudança, que se reflectem no quotidiano do(s) indivíduo(s) ? elementos que constituem, mantêm e reproduzem uma comunidade ou sociedade. Palavras como espaço, comunidade, mundo, passam a ser referidas no plural. Deixamos de vivenciar um só espaço, uma só comunidade e um só mundo, para passarmos a co-habitar espaços, comunidades, mundos. Paralelamente ao espaço físico, comunidade real e/ou mundo real, surge o ciberespaço, a comunidade virtual, o mundo virtual.
Multiple-wavelength up-conversion laser in Tm/sup 3+/-doped ZBLAN glass fiber (2005)

In this letter, we report on a multiple-wavelength up-conversion laser in Tm/sup 3+/-doped ZrF/sub 4/--BaF/sub 2/--LaF/sub 3/--AlF/sub 3/--NaF glass fiber pumped by an 1120-nm fiber laser. Single-wavelength, two-wavelength, and three-wavelength up-conversion lasers can be obtained by adjusting the distance between the coupler mirror and the fiber end, which is attributed to the frequency-filter effect in the etalon composed of the coupler mirror and the fiber end. The effects of the pump power on the performance of dual-wavelength laser were also discussed.
Skin care and incidence of skin disease in adolescence. (1982)

During adolescence there are marked structural and physiological changes in the pilosebaceous unit leading to an increase in sebaceous and apocrine secretion, as well as the development of androgen-dependent hair growth. Because of these changes, there are marked alterations in the pattern of skin care at this age. In addition, during adolescence there is a greater increase in the incidence of skin disease is due to the occurrence of acne vulgaris in 249.9 per thousand youths in the 12 to 17-year old age range. Other skin diseases that are extremely common in this age range include (in decreasing frequency) dermatophytosis, benign tumours, seborrhoeic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis and eczema, ichthyosis and keratosis pilaris, and verruca vulgaris.
UROLOGIC DISEASES IN AMERICA PROJECT: BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (2005)

Given the impact that BPH has on quality of life and health care cost in millions of American men, additional research into risk factors, diagnostic and therapeutic resource use, and effectiveness and cost benefit of therapies are warranted.
Q&AA complex thinker (2008)

Daphne Koller discusses probabilistic relational modeling, artificial intelligence, and her new work with biologists.
AlGaInP light-emitting diodes with metal substrate fabricated by wafer bonding (2003)

AlGaInP LED with copper substrate has been successfully fabricated by the wafer bonding technique in this study. It was found that bonded AlGaInP LED devices could be operated in a higher injection forward current above 500mA. Such bonding enhanced the device performance significantly. The joule heating exhibiting in conventional LEDs was eliminated because the copper substrate provided a good heat sink. Thus, the thermal degradation of the conventional LEDs was improved.
A peptide-based bifunctional chelating agent for99mtc- and186re-labeling of monoclonal antibodies (1994)

These preliminary results suggest that MAIPGG may be useful for the radiolabeling of a variety of monoclonal antibodies with 99mTc or 186Re, which then can be used for radioimmunodetection and radioimmunotherapy of cancer.
Intelligent network services in migration from PSTN toward NGN (2006)

In this paper we propose two new scenarios for two IN services when migrating from public switched telephone network, PSTN toward next generation network, NGN. Next generation network is one of the promising networks in near future. Because of huge amount of investment on PSTN, the migration towards NGN implementation would be instant step by step and gradual not an instant replacement. . Therefore, we need to plan the interfaces between PSTN and NGN in order to convert data and signalling. By applying intelligent network services in PSTN, IN services scenarios will be changed while migrating to NGN. We assume that IN equipment is located in PSTN. We will propose two novel scenarios when users located in NGN request card calling and free phone services
A Fast and Accurate One-Stage Approach to Visual Grounding (2019)

We propose a simple, fast, and accurate one-stage approach to visual grounding, inspired by the following insight. The performances of existing propose-and-rank two-stage methods are capped by the quality of the region candidates they propose in the first stage --- if none of the candidates could cover the ground truth region, there is no hope in the second stage to rank the right region to the top. To avoid this caveat, we propose a one-stage model that enables end-to-end joint optimization. The main idea is as straightforward as fusing a text query's embedding into the YOLOv3 object detector, augmented by spatial features so as to account for spatial mentions in the query. Despite being simple, this one-stage approach shows great potential in terms of both accuracy and speed for both phrase localization and referring expression comprehension, according to our experiments. Given these results along with careful investigations into some popular region proposals, we advocate for visual grounding a paradigm shift from the conventional two-stage methods to the one-stage framework.
Effects of Spectral Degradation on Attentional Modulation of Cortical Auditory Responses to Continuous Speech (2015)

This study investigates the effect of spectral degradation on cortical speech encoding in complex auditory scenes. Young normal-hearing listeners were simultaneously presented with two speech streams and were instructed to attend to only one of them. The speech mixtures were subjected to noise-channel vocoding to preserve the temporal envelope and degrade the spectral information of speech. Each subject was tested with five spectral resolution conditions (unprocessed speech, 64-, 32-, 16-, and 8-channel vocoder conditions) and two target-to-masker ratio (TMR) conditions (3 and 0 dB). Ongoing electroencephalographic (EEG) responses and speech comprehension were measured in each spectral and TMR condition for each subject. Neural tracking of each speech stream was characterized by cross-correlating the EEG responses with the envelope of each of the simultaneous speech streams at different time lags. Results showed that spectral degradation and TMR both significantly influenced how top-down attention modulated the EEG responses to the attended and unattended speech. That is, the EEG responses to the attended and unattended speech streams differed more for the higher (unprocessed, 64 ch, and 32 ch) than the lower (16 and 8 ch) spectral resolution conditions, as well as for the higher (3 dB) than the lower TMR (0 dB) condition. The magnitude of differential neural modulation responses to the attended and unattended speech streams significantly correlated with speech comprehension scores. These results suggest that severe spectral degradation and low TMR hinder speech stream segregation, making it difficult to employ top-down attention to differentially process different speech streams.
Structure Based Design of <i>N</i>-(3-((1<i>H</i>-Pyrazolo[3,4-<i>b</i>]pyridin-5-yl)ethynyl)benzenesulfonamides as Selective Leucine-Zipper and Sterile-α Motif Kinase (ZAK) Inhibitors (2017)

A series of N-(3-((1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)ethynyl)benzenesulfonamides were designed as the first class of highly selective ZAK inhibitors. The representative compound 3h strongly inhibits the kinase activity of ZAK with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 3.3 nM and dose-dependently suppresses the activation of ZAK downstream signals in vitro and in vivo, while it is significantly less potent for the majority of 403 nonmutated kinases evaluated. Compound 3h also exhibits orally therapeutic effects on cardiac hypertrophy in a spontaneous hypertensive rat model.
Collaborative Localization and Navigation in Heterogeneous UAV swarms (2016)

Resilient localization and navigation for autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) still remains a challenge in certain scenarios, like GPS-deprived environments such as indoors or urban canyons. In this work, we explore a heterogeneous UAV swarm design, in which a small number of sensor and computationally powerful UAVs collaborate with the remaining resource-constrained UAVs to guarantee optimal localization accuracy.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of 3,4-Dihydro-2<i>H</i>-[1,4]diazepino[6,7,1-<i>hi</i>]indol-1-ones as Inhibitors of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase (2004)

The design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of potent inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) are reported. A novel series of 3,4-dihydro-2H-[1,4]diazepino[6,7,1-hi]indol-1-ones were designed using a combination of protein structure-based drug design, molecular modeling, and structure-activity relationships (SAR). These novel submicromolar inhibitors possess a tricyclic ring system conformationally restricting the benzamide in the preferred cis orientation. The compounds were designed to optimize space-filling and atomic interactions within the NAD+ binding site of PARP-1. Previously described and newly adapted methods were applied to syntheses of these tricyclic inhibitors. Various modifications were made to the diazepinoindolones at the 6- and 7-positions in order to study this region of the active site and optimize noncovalent interactions. The electron density of derivative 28 bound to chicken PARP-1 revealed that the oxime makes a tight hydrogen bond with the catalytic gamma-carboxylate of glutamic acid (Glu) 988 in accordance with our original designs and models. Most of the compounds have been evaluated for inhibition of human PARP-1. Selected inhibitors were also tested for the ability to potentiate the cytotoxic effect of the DNA-damaging agent Topotecan.
Visual support for the understanding of simulation processes (2009)

Current visualization systems are typically based on the concept of interactive post-processing. This decoupling of data visualization from the process of data generation offers a flexible application of visualization tools. It can also lead, however, to information loss in the visualization. Therefore, a combination of the visualization of the data generating process with the visualization of the produced data offers significant support for the understanding of the abstract data sets as well as the underlying process. Due to the application-specific characteristics of data generating processes, the task requires tailored visualization concepts. In this work, we focus on the application field of simulating biochemical reaction networks as discrete-event systems. These stochastic processes generate multi-run and multivariate time-series, which are analyzed and compared on three different process levels: model, experiment, and the level of multi-run simulation data, each associated with a broad range of analysis goals. To meet these challenging characteristics, we present visualization concepts specifically tailored to all three process levels. The fundament of all three visualization concepts is a compact view that relates the multi-run simulation data to the characteristics of the model structure and the experiment. The view provides the visualization at the experiment level. The visualization at the model level coordinates multiple instances of this view for the comparison of experiments. At the level of multi-run simulation data, the views gives an overview on the data, which can be analyzed in detail in time-series views suited for the analysis goals. Although we derive our visualization concepts for one concrete simulation process, our general concept of tailoring the visualization concepts to process levels is generally applicable for the visualization of simulation processes.
Mitigating wind erosion of sand using biopolymer-assisted EICP technique (2020)

A study was conducted to stabilize An Nafud desert sand against wind-induced erosion employing enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) assisted by a sodium alginate (SA) biopolymer. Biopolymers occur naturally in brown seaweed, are inexpensive, and are used extensively in the food, textile, and paper industries as thickeners and emulsifiers. A wind tunnel experiment was conducted to evaluate the wind erosion rate of samples treated surficially by spraying various concentrations of mixes using EICP and SA solutions. The unconfined strength of the resulting crust that formed was measured with a hand penetrometer. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) were conducted to study the microstructure and to identify the presence of crystalline materials, respectively, in treated and untreated sand samples. The results indicate that combining EICP and SA led to a significant improvement in the erosion rate by 100% compared to the untreated samples, with effective results recorded at lower concentrations of SA. The improvement is mainly attributed to the inter-particle bonding effect of both the carbonate precipitant and the biopolymer. The unconfined strength of the crust that formed by means of the solution treatment increased with an increase in the concentration of the biopolymer. This increase is attributed to the lower viscosity of the biopolymer solution and the cross linking of the biopolymer due to the presence of divalent calcium ions. The soil treated with EICP alone had the lowest strength, and increments in the molar concentration of the calcium chloride had no effect on the surface strength.
Long-term neurocognitive benefits of FLASH radiotherapy driven by reduced reactive oxygen species (2019)

Here, we highlight the potential translational benefits of delivering FLASH radiotherapy using ultra-high dose rates (>100 Gy⋅s<sup>-1</sup>). Compared with conventional dose-rate (CONV; 0.07-0.1 Gy⋅s<sup>-1</sup>) modalities, we showed that FLASH did not cause radiation-induced deficits in learning and memory in mice. Moreover, 6 months after exposure, CONV caused permanent alterations in neurocognitive end points, whereas FLASH did not induce behaviors characteristic of anxiety and depression and did not impair extinction memory. Mechanistic investigations showed that increasing the oxygen tension in the brain through carbogen breathing reversed the neuroprotective effects of FLASH, while radiochemical studies confirmed that FLASH produced lower levels of the toxic reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide. In addition, FLASH did not induce neuroinflammation, a process described as oxidative stress-dependent, and was also associated with a marked preservation of neuronal morphology and dendritic spine density. The remarkable normal tissue sparing afforded by FLASH may someday provide heretofore unrealized opportunities for dose escalation to the tumor bed, capabilities that promise to hasten the translation of this groundbreaking irradiation modality into clinical practice.
Intentional Network Monitoring (2014)

Monitoring network traffic serves many purposes, from security to accounting, yet current mechanisms for collecting network traffic are typically based on low-level features of network traffic (e.g., IP addresses, port numbers), rather than characteristics that more closely map to intent (e.g., people, applications, or devices). In this paper, we present the case for intentional network monitoring---the practice of capturing the minimal set of traffic that satisfies the operator's monitoring intent or goal---and a preliminary design and implementation for NetAssay, a system that enables intentional monitoring. A significant challenge in developing NetAssay is developing a runtime that can maintain a mapping between stable abstractions that an operator or programmer might use to express intent (e.g., a username) and the dynamic, heterogeneous data that establishes these associations (e.g., information from a login server or DNS record). We present examples that show how the NetAssay runtime can perform late binding between these mappings and network flow space and discuss the research and technical challenges associated with establishing more general late-binding mechanisms.
Unprecedented Ultrahigh Resolution FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry and Parts-Per-Billion Mass Accuracy Enable Direct Characterization of Nickel and Vanadyl Porphyrins in Petroleum from Natural Seeps (2014)

The most abundant and problematic metal compounds in crude oil exist as organic complexes of vanadium and nickel in porphyrin structures derived from biological molecules (chlorophyll and heme), the first petroleum biomarkers discovered by Alfred Treibs in the early 1930s.1 Detailed characterization of the type and structure of porphyrins is critical for development of petroleum upgrading processes, but also to link crude oil to source rock conditions. Because petroporphyrins concentrate in heavy oils, direct characterization challenges routine analytical techniques due to the increased complexity associated with heavy crudes. Atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) provides ultrahigh resolving power (m/Δm50% > 1 000 000 at m/z 500) and subppm mass error (<50 ppb) to identify nickel porphyrin isotopes for unambiguous elemental composition assignment. We also report the first simultaneous identification and categorization of both vanadyl and nickel porphyrins in the same sample, without prior sample preparation. More than 85 000 mass spectral peaks are resolved and identified in a single mass spectrum, and represent the most extensive molecular deconvolution of an organic mixture characterized to date.
Role of anti‐CD40 antibody‐mediated costimulation blockade on non‐Gal antibody production and heterotopic cardiac xenograft survival in a GTKO.hCD46Tg pig‐to‐baboon model (2013)

Anti-CD40 antibody at the current dose does not induce any coagulopathies but while effective, had reduced efficacy to induce similar long-term graft survival as with anti-CD154 antibody perhaps due to ineffective control of B-cell function and antibody production at the present dose. More experiments are required to determine antibody affinity and effective dose for inducing long-term cardiac xenograft survival.