gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dimeric Sfh3 has structural changes in its binding pocket that are associated with a dimer–monomer state transformation induced by substrate binding (2013)

Phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), also called phosphoinositides (PIPs), are basic components of membrane-associated signalling systems. A family of PtdIns-transfer proteins (PITPs) called the Sec14 family have been predicted to form a set of functional modules that can sense different types of lipid metabolism and transmit the information to the PIP signalling system. In eukaryotic cells, the Sec14 family exhibits a wide diversity of activity, but the structural basis of this diversity remains unclear. In the present study, the dimeric structure of Sfh3 (Sec14 family homologue 3 in yeast) is reported for the first time and differs from the Sec14 proteins reported to date, all of which are monomeric. Some variations in the binding pocket of Sfh3 were observed and the dimer interface was identified and proposed to provide a link between dimer-monomer state changes and PtdIns binding. Together, these structural changes and the oligomeric state transformation of Sfh3 support ideas of diversity within the Sec14 family and provide some new clues to function.
Ex Vivo Characterization of the Autoimmune T Cell Response in the HLA-DR1 Mouse Model of Collagen-Induced Arthritis Reveals Long-Term Activation of Type II Collagen-Specific Cells and Their Presence in Arthritic Joints (2005)

Although the pathogenesis of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a model of rheumatoid arthritis, is mediated by both collagen-specific CD4(+) T cells and Ab specific for type II collagen (CII), the role of CII-specific T cells in the pathogenesis of CIA remains unclear. Using tetrameric HLA-DR1 with a covalently bound immunodominant CII peptide, CII(259-273), we studied the development of the CII-specific T cell response in the periphery and arthritic joints of DR1 transgenic mice. Although the maximum number of DR1-CII-tetramer(+) cells was detected in draining lymph nodes 10 days postimmunization, these T cells accounted for only 1% or less of the CD4(+) population. After day 10, their numbers gradually decreased, but were still detectable on day 130. Examination of TCR expression and changes in CD62L, CD44(high), and CD69 expression by these T cells indicated that they expressed a limited TCR-BV repertoire and had clearly undergone activation. RT-PCR analysis of cytokine expression by the tetramer(+) T cells compared with tetramer(-) cells indicated the tetramer(+) cells expressed high levels of Th1 and proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and especially IL-17. Additionally, analysis of the synovium from arthritic paws indicated that the same CD4(+)/BV8(+)/BV14(+)/tetramer(+) T cells were present in the arthritic joints. These data demonstrate that although only small numbers of CII-specific T cells are generated during the development of CIA, these cells express very high levels of cytokine mRNA and appear to preferentially migrate to the arthritic joint, indicating a potential direct role of CII-specific T cells in the pathogenesis of CIA.
Integrating Heterogeneous Personal Devices with Public Display-Based Information Services (2006)

Based on a requirements analysis for public location information displays in on-campus settings, we describe the implementation of a system called "SynchroBoard". Especially, we elaborate on mechanisms to integrate different personal devices in this framework.
Thermally modified timber : Recent developments in Europe and North America (2016)

The world’s political and economic decisions are increasingly determined by resource and energy scarcity and by climate change. In these circumstances, a balance must be achieved between economics, ecology and social welfare, which was put forward at the end of the 20th century and has been irrevocably linked to forestry ever since. It is essential that the forest sector is placed at the centre of the developing bio-based economy. The value of the forest for mankind and the environment is irrefutable, and the value of the multitude of products made of wood is of great importance, socially, economically and environmentally. Over the last fifty years, sawn timber in particular has largely disappeared from many technological applications diminishing its contribution to sustainability in the one area where it could be most significant: as a substitute for energy-intensive materials (e.g., in the built environment). However, there is currently a resurgence of interest in timber products due to the environmental benefits they provide, a phenomenon that other industrial sectors are well aware of. This paper discusses the role of thermal wood processing in a sustainability of resource utilization context and what thermal wood processing should achieve to contribute to the European low-carbon economy.
An Introspection Mechanism to Debug Distributed Systems (2012)

Distributed systems are hard to debug due to the difficulty to collect, organize and relate information about their behavior. When a failure is detected the task to infer the system's state and the operations that have some connection with the problem is often quite difficult and usual debugging techniques often do not apply and, when they do, they are not very effective. This work presents a mechanism based on event logs annotated with contextual information, allowing visualization tools to organize events according to the context of interest for the system operator. We applied this mechanism to a real system and its the effort and cost to detect and diagnose the cause of problems was dramatically reduced.
Effect of dietary cholesterol and taurocholate on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase and hepatic LDL receptors in inbred mice (1993)

Compared to BALB/c mice, inbred C57BL/6 mice are more susceptible to developing fatty streak atherosclerotic lesions when fed a cholesterol-rich diet containing taurocholate. We examined the metabolic basis for the taurocholate requirement. In contrast to widely accepted assumptions, taurocholate did not increase cholesterol absorption in either strain of mouse. However, in susceptible C57BL/6 mice, taurocholate was required to increase plasma concentrations of apoB. In both strains, the cholesterol-rich diet increased both the activity and mRNA for 7 alpha-hydroxylase, a compensatory response to maintain cholesterol homeostasis. In both strains, adding taurocholate to the diet suppressed both the activity and mRNA for 7 alpha-hydroxylase, thus blocking this important compensatory response. The cholesterol-rich diet (without taurocholate) significantly increased hepatic cholesterol content in both strains of mice, but repressed low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor mRNA only in BALB/c mice (not in C57BL/6 mice). However, adding taurocholate to the cholesterol-rich diet did decrease LDL receptor mRNA in C57BL/6 mice. In C57BL/6, but not in BALB/c mice, there was a linear parallel relationship between 7 alpha-hydroxylase mRNA and LDL receptor mRNA. These data show the existence of strain-specific differences in the effects of dietary cholesterol and taurocholate on 7 alpha-hydroxylase and LDL receptor expression. The combined data suggest that genetic factors determine how the expression of hepatic LDL receptors responds to dietary cholesterol and taurocholate.
Serum levels of advanced glycation end products are increased in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease. (1999)

Levels of AGEs and CML were significantly increased in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with nondiabetic control subjects, and levels of AGEs but not CML were significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes and CHD than in patients without diabetes. These results may indicate a role for non-CML AGEs in the development of macrovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.
An artificial neural network based snore detector (2002)

A method to detect snores is presented that is based on the use of an artificial neural network (ANN). A network with 15 inputs, one output and two hidden layers with two adaline nodes per layer was used. The detector was tested using prerecorded data obtained from 13 male and 2 female patients (age 51.2/spl plusmn/6.5, weight 252/spl plusmn/31.15 lbs and height 5'9.4"/spl plusmn/2.49"). An overall accuracy of 75.2% in correctly detected snores showed an improvement of 12% over a previous method. The average number of false detections per hundred breaths was a 35% improvement.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF PULMONARY VASCULAR REMODELING (1997)

In many organs and tissues, the cellular response to injury is associated with a reiteration of specific developmental processes. Studies have shown that, in response to injury, vascular wall cells in adult organisms express genes or gene products characteristic of earlier developmental states. Other genes, expressed preferentially in adult cells in vivo, are down-regulated following injurious stimuli. Complicating matters, however, are recent observations demonstrating that the vascular wall is comprised of phenotypically heterogeneous subpopulations of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts. It is unclear how specific subsets of cells respond to injury and thus contribute to the vascular remodeling that characterizes chronic pulmonary hypertension. This review discusses vascular development in the lung and the cellular responses occurring in pulmonary hypertension; special attention is given to heterogeneity of responses within cell populations and reiteration of developmental processes.
The Role of Planting Flexibility and the Acreage Reduction Program in Encouraging Sustainable Agriculture Practices (1996)

This paper demonstrates the interrelationship between Normal Flex Acres (NFA) and the Acreage Reduction Program (ARP) based on a profit-maximizing model of a representative westem cornbelt farm. The analysis indicates that the commodity program participation decision is jointly dependent on the ARP and NFA levels. Furthermore, the ARP and NFA policy parameters have different implications for the environment, farm income, govemment payments, and crop diversity. The model is used to illustrate the impact of increasing the NFA on program participation, farm income, crop diversity, and government payments. For example, with a zero ARP, increasing the NFA in 1994 to 63 percent would result in farmers being just as well off as in 1993 while growing a more diverse crop mix. These results hold only when the marginal return (excluding government payments) of a non-program crop exceeds that of a program crop. The paper also examines the case where the marginal return for a program crop is superior to that of a non-program crop.
A high-perveance ferroelectric cathode with a narrowed electron energy spread (1998)

A pulsed ferroelectric electron cathode with a current density of up to 45 A based on ceramic is presented. The experimental set-up for the cathode triggering allowed us to achieve a perveance of more than P and an energy spread in the generated electron beam as low as 100 eV (FWHM).
Inhibition of RecA Protein by the Escherichia coli RecX Protein (2004)

The RecX protein is a potent inhibitor of RecA activities. We identified several factors that affect RecX-RecA interaction. The interaction is enhanced by the RecA C terminus and by significant concentrations of free Mg(2+) ion. The interaction is also enhanced by an N-terminal His(6) tag on the RecX protein. We conclude that RecX protein interacts most effectively with a RecA functional state designated A(o) and that the RecA C terminus has a role in modulating the interaction. We further identified a C-terminal point mutation in RecA protein (E343K) that significantly alters the interaction between RecA and RecX proteins.
Mechanotransduction and flow across the endothelial glycocalyx (2003)

In this inaugural paper, we shall provide an overview of the endothelial surface layer or glycocalyx in several roles: as a transport barrier, as a porous hydrodynamic interface in the motion of red and white cells in microvessels, and as a mechanotransducer of fluid shearing stresses to the actin cortical cytoskeleton of the endothelial cell. These functions will be examined from a new perspective, the quasiperiodic ultrastructural model proposed in Squire et al. [Squire, J. M., Chew, M., Nneji, G., Neal, C., Barry, J. & Michel, C. (2001) J. Struct. Biol. 136, 239-255] for the 3D organization of the endothelial surface layer and its linkage to the submembranous scaffold. We shall show that the core proteins in the bush-like structures comprising the matrix have a flexural rigidity, EI, that is sufficiently stiff to serve as a molecular filter for plasma proteins and as an exquisitely designed transducer of fluid shearing stresses. However, EI is inadequate to prevent the buckling of these protein structures during the intermittent motion of red cells or the penetration of white cell microvilli. In these cellular interactions, the viscous draining resistance of the matrix is essential for preventing adhesive molecular interactions between proteins in the endothelial membrane and circulating cellular components.
A Comparison of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Power Cycle Configurations with an Emphasis on CSP Applications (2014)

Recent research suggests that an emerging power cycle technology using supercritical carbon dioxide (s-CO2) operated in a closed-loop Brayton cycle offers the potential of equivalent or higher cycle efficiency versus supercritical or superheated steam cycles at temperatures relevant for CSP applications. Preliminary design-point modeling suggests that s-CO2 cycle configurations can be devised that have similar overall efficiency but different temperature and/or pressure characteristics. This paper employs a more detailed heat exchanger model than previous work to compare the recompression and partial cooling cycles, two cycles with high design-point efficiencies, and illustrates the potential advantages of the latter. Integration of the cycles into CSP systems is studied, with a focus on sensible heat thermal storage and direct s-CO2 receivers. Results show the partial cooling cycle may offer a larger temperature difference across the primary heat exchanger, thereby potentially reducing heat exchanger cost and improving CSP receiver efficiency.
Is the ANA Guilty of Paternalism in its Guidelines on Withdrawing or Withholding Food and Fluid? (1989)

The ANA Committee on Ethics's Guidelines on Withdrawing or Withholding Food and Fluid (1988) delineates those circumstances under which withholding is normally permissible. The Guidelines direct nurses to respect the wishes of competent adults. What of adults who are considered incompetent? Can they make decisions to refuse food and fluids? The Guidelines ask nurses to judge patient competence and the merit of the reasons behind the decisions. This suggests paternalism. A more appropriate role of the nurse might be to focus on helping the patient to make a decision, rather than on the merit of the decision itself.
A wideband circularly polarized antenna with Γ‐shaped feed (2011)

Abstract A wideband circularly polarized antenna with Γ‐shaped feed is presented.The proposed antenna is formed by two shorted bowtie patch antennas and two L‐shaped electric dipoles. It can achieve a measured impedance bandwidth for voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤ 1.5 of 52% and a 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth of 55%. For the entire half‐power beamwidth, the axial ratio can be kept below 3 dB. A prototype has been fabricated and tested, and the experimental results validate the design procedure. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:153–156, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26503
Independent effects of interleukin‐1 on proteoglycan breakdown, proteoglycan synthesis, and prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> release from cartilage in organ culture (1989)

Exposure of bovine nasal cartilage in culture to interleukin-1 (IL-1) leads to a time- and concentration-dependent stimulation of proteoglycan breakdown and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release, and to inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis. The threshold levels of IL-1 required for initiating these effects were different, and IL-1 was 10 times more potent in inhibiting synthesis than in stimulating breakdown of proteoglycan. Kinetic studies indicated that the effects on proteoglycan metabolism occurred earlier (16-24 hours) than those for PGE2 release (48 hours). Selective effects were observed with inhibitors. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs blocked PGE2 production in response to IL-1, but had no effect on proteoglycan metabolism, and the antiarthritic drugs that blocked IL-1-stimulated breakdown augmented the inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis. We suggest that the effects of IL-1 on proteoglycan breakdown, proteoglycan synthesis, and PGE2 release are mediated by independent post-receptor mechanisms.
Quantitative Single-Cell-Reverse Transcription-PCR Demonstrates That A-Current Magnitude Varies as a Linear Function of<i>shal</i>Gene Expression in Identified Stomatogastric Neurons (1997)

Different Shaker family alpha-subunit genes generate distinct voltage-dependent K+ currents when expressed in heterologous expression systems. Thus it generally is believed that diverse neuronal K+ current phenotypes arise, in part, from differences in Shaker family gene expression among neurons. It is difficult to evaluate the extent to which differential Shaker family gene expression contributes to endogenous K+ current diversity, because the specific Shaker family gene or genes responsible for a given K+ current are still unknown for nearly all adult neurons. In this paper we explore the role of differential Shaker family gene expression in creating transient K+ current (IA) diversity in the 14-neuron pyloric network of the spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus. We used two-electrode voltage clamp to characterize the somatic IA in each of the six different cell types of the pyloric network. The size, voltage-dependent properties, and kinetic properties of the somatic IA vary significantly among pyloric neurons such that the somatic IA is unique in each pyloric cell type. Comparing these currents with the IAs obtained from oocytes injected with Panulirus shaker and shal cRNA (lobster Ishaker and lobster Ishal, respectively) reveals that the pyloric cell IAs more closely resemble lobster Ishal than lobster Ishaker. Using a novel, quantitative single-cell-reverse transcription-PCR method to count the number of shal transcripts in individual identified pyloric neurons, we found that the size of the somatic IA varies linearly with the number of endogenous shal transcripts. These data suggest that the shal gene contributes substantially to the peak somatic IA in all neurons of the pyloric network.
Swainsonine and castanospermine blockade of mannose glycoprotein uptake by macrophages. Apparent inhibition of receptor-mediated endocytosis by endogenous ligands. (1984)

Receptor-mediated uptake of mannose-terminated glycoproteins by macrophages is blocked by treating the cells with swainsonine, an inhibitor of alpha-mannosidase II, and by castanospermine, an inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum processing enzyme alpha-glucosidase. Both inhibitors are known to cause accumulation of unprocessed oligosaccharide chains terminating in mannose. Inhibition of ligand uptake by the drugs was time- and dose-dependent. Swainsonine produced a maximal effect after 2 h; castanospermine required 5-6 h. Following swainsonine treatment, complete recovery of mannose receptor activity required 24 h and was blocked by cycloheximide suggesting that new receptor synthesis was necessary. Tunicamycin, an inhibitor of oligosaccharide assembly, had no effect on uptake of mannosylated ligands, but tunicamycin pretreatment reduced the sensitivity to swainsonine. These effects of swainsonine and castanospermine appear to be specific, other macrophage pinocytosis receptors (e.g. mannose phosphate) or phagocytosis of yeast particles were unaffected. Moreover, swainsonine had no effect on the fibroblast mannose phosphate receptor. The ability of macrophages to process newly synthesized oligosaccharides was blocked following treatment with swainsonine. Normal processing was fully recovered 24 h after removal of the drug. Mannosidase II was partially inactivated by swainsonine treatment and only a portion was recovered after 24 h. Treatment of macrophages with swainsonine also resulted in an increase in net lysosomal enzyme secretion. Inhibition of mannose-specific receptor-mediated endocytosis in macrophages by swainsonine and castanospermine appears to be due to the formation of mannose-terminated membrane glycoproteins which engage the mannose receptor thereby preventing function. These results suggest a novel mechanism for regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Biodetoxification of toxins generated from lignocellulose pretreatment using a newly isolated fungus, Amorphotheca resinae ZN1, and the consequent ethanol fermentation (2010)

The advantages of the present biodetoxification by A. resinae ZN1 over the known detoxification methods include zero energy input, zero wastewater generation, complete toxin degradation, processing on solid pretreated material, no need for sterilization and a wide lignocellulose feedstock spectrum. These advantages make it possible for industrial applications with fast and efficient biodetoxification to remove toxins generated during intensive lignocellulose pretreatment.
Chemoenzymic synthesis of the C-13 side chain of taxol: optically active 3-hydroxy-4-phenyl .beta.-lactam derivatives (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemoenzymic synthesis of the C-13 side chain of taxol: optically active 3-hydroxy-4-phenyl .beta.-lactam derivativesRosario Brieva, Joyce Z. Crich, and Charles J. SihCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1993, 58, 5, 1068–1075Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00057a018https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00057a018research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views665Altmetric-Citations129LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts