gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Applications of fuzzy set theory (1985)

A state-of-the-art review of the literature related to applications of fuzzy set theory, with special emphasis on fuzzy industrial controllers, is presented. It is demonstrated that fuzzy set theory is applicable to a wide range of practical problems and that simple fuzzy control algorithms do give good results.
An Approach to Analyzing Correlation between Songs/Artists Using iTMS Playlists (2006)

Digital audio devices have been changing music entertainment environment. Those devices are bundled with music jukebox software, such as Apple's iTunes, Sony's CONNECT player. Jukebox software not only enables us to recode, play, search, purchase music on PC, but also to manage playlist. Anybody can make his/her own playlists, and play music according to the list. In this paper, we focus on iTMS (iTunse Music Stroe) playlists and use them as the data mining resources for a music recommendation system, then developing correlation measuring methods. We have retrieved about 13,000 playlists, and analyzed the frequency of artists/songs, co-occurrence of artists/songs in the playlists. Through the result data, we found out that all graphs we drew are follow the Zipf's law. Furthermore, we have analyzed the hierarchical relation between songs according to their popularity. We proposed a basic idea of popularity measuring method
Pharmacologic evaluation of SCH-39166, A-69024, NO-0756, and SCH-23390 in neonatal-6-OHDA-lesioned rats. Further evidence that self-mutilatory behavior induced by L-dopa is related to D1 dopamine receptors. (1992)

The purpose of the present investigation was to explore further the hypothesis that the self-injurious behavior induced by L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) in neonatal-6-hydroxydopamine (OHDA)-lesioned rats is associated with an action on D1 dopamine receptors. This was accomplished by examining the behavioral responses induced by SKF-38393, quinpirole, and L-DOPA after treatment with the D1 antagonist SCH-23390 and three new pharmacologic agents, SCH-39166, NO-0756, and A-69024, reported to be D1 antagonists. All putative D1 antagonists were found to antagonize the action of SKF-38393 without reducing the increased locomotion and behavioral responses induced by quinpirole, consistent with an in vivo action on D1 receptors. The potency hierarchy of the compounds against the action of SKF-38393 on activity, from strongest to weakest, was: SCH-39166 equaled SCH-23390 and these were greater than NO-0756, which was greater than A-69024. All compounds were found to antagonize L-DOPA-induced self-mutilatory behavior (SMB) in neonatal-6-OHDA-lesioned rats in a dose-related manner. The potency hierarchy against this behavior, from strongest to weakest, was: SCH-23390, SCH-39166, NO-0756, and A-69024. The correlation between the ED50 for the ability of these drugs to antagonize SKF-38393-induced activity and their ability to reduce SMB by L-DOPA was greater than 0.99. In conclusion, the present findings provide additional evidence in vivo that NO-0756, SCH-39166, and A-69024 are selective D1 receptor antagonists.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of an industrial waste water on the nitrification in fixed-bed biofilm reactors - use of fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) (2004)

The influence of an industrial waste water containing partly toxic and poorly biodegradable substances on an autotrophic biocenosis was investigated. Nitrifying bacteria were identified using fluorescently-labeled oligonucleotide probes and epifluorescence microscopy. Industrial waste water was used untreated and after ozonation to simulate the effects of indirect discharge to municipal waste water treatment plants. Results were compared to those obtained with acetate as a non-toxic and easily biodegradable substance and a mixture of acetate and pyruvate. The degradation of ammonium and the formation of nitrite and nitrate were measured and compared with the results obtained by fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH). The untreated waste water, containing higher amounts of refractory substances, disturbed nitrification, which was restored after reaching higher elimination of the organic substances. However, it showed only minor effects on the bacterial composition. These findings were similar to those reached by the addition of acetate and pyruvate. On the other hand, the ozonated waste water, showing higher toxicity than the untreated waste water, caused a stabilization in nitrification, but the composition of the population of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria changed significantly. In all cases, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were only little affected both in activity and abundance.
Multiple Immunoenzyme Staining: Methods and Visualizations for the Observation With Spectral Imaging (2007)

Several staining concepts and color combinations exist to perform successful double immunoenzyme staining on human tissue specimens. Most of these concepts are based on differences between both primary antibodies: animal species, mouse Ig isotype or IgG subclasses, conjugates, or concentrations. Traditionally, double immunoenzyme staining has used chromogens selected to provide maximum color contrast when observed with the unaided eye. Unfortunately, visually good color combinations always include at least one diffuse chromogen, because of the paucity of appropriate chromogen colors. This situation is drastically changed with the use of spectral imaging, where multicolor microscopy can be unmixed in individual images based on their spectral characteristics. Spectral unmixing can be performed even up to quadruple immunoenzyme staining. This work contains practical suggestions for immunoenzyme double staining procedures for some frequently encountered primary antibody combinations: rabbit-mouse, goat-mouse, mouse-mouse, and rabbit-rabbit. The suggested protocols are all suitable for a classical red-brown color combination plus blue nuclear counterstain that is composed of peroxidase activity (diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride), alkaline phosphatase activity (Liquid Permanent Red), and hematoxylin, respectively. Although the red and brown chromogens do not contrast very well visually, they both show a crisp localization and can be perfectly unmixed by spectral imaging.
Testing the technologies (2009)

The penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems in Japan has been on the rise. Two factors have been promoting the increase: improved generation efficiency of PV modules and governmental subsidies for the initial cost of residential PV generation systems. As a result, the cumulative installed PV capacity has increased exponentially; however, the cumulative installed PV capacity by 2007 was only about 40% of the target for 2010 (4,820 MW). Reaching the target and promoting larger installation capacities in the future will require further installation in the residential sector and the construction of large-scale PV systems. The New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) of Japan has conducted several demonstration projects to investigate technological issues regarding the large penetration of PV generation systems and to develop new technologies for using PV generation systems effectively. One of NEDO's demonstration grid-connected PV projects is the Ohta Project, a cluster of PV systems in a residential development. Another is the Wakkanai Project, the largest central-station PV system in Japan.
Automating quality assurance of digital linear accelerators using a radioluminescent phosphor coated phantom and optical imaging (2016)

Performing mechanical and geometric quality assurance (QA) tests for medical linear accelerators (LINAC) is a predominantly manual process that consumes significant time and resources. In order to alleviate this burden this study proposes a novel strategy to automate the process of performing these tests. The autonomous QA system consists of three parts: (1) a customized phantom coated with radioluminescent material; (2) an optical imaging system capable of visualizing the incidence of the radiation beam, light field or lasers on the phantom; and (3) software to process the captured signals. The radioluminescent phantom, which enables visualization of the radiation beam on the same surface as the light field and lasers, is placed on the couch and imaged while a predefined treatment plan is delivered from the LINAC. The captured images are then processed to self-calibrate the system and perform measurements for evaluating light field/radiation coincidence, jaw position indicators, cross-hair centering, treatment couch position indicators and localizing laser alignment. System accuracy is probed by intentionally introducing errors and by comparing with current clinical methods. The accuracy of self-calibration is evaluated by examining measurement repeatability under fixed and variable phantom setups. The integrated system was able to automatically collect, analyze and report the results for the mechanical alignment tests specified by TG-142. The average difference between introduced and measured errors was 0.13 mm. The system was shown to be consistent with current techniques. Measurement variability increased slightly from 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm when the phantom setup was varied, but no significant difference in the mean measurement value was detected. Total measurement time was less than 10 minutes for all tests as a result of automation. The system's unique features of a phosphor-coated phantom and fully automated, operator independent self-calibration offer the potential to streamline the QA process for modern LINACs.
Novel Players in the Integrin Signaling Orchestra: TCPTP and MDGI (2011)

Metastases are the major cause of cancer deaths. Tumor cell dissemination from the primary tumor utilizes dysregulated cellular adhesion and upregulated proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix for progeny formation in distant organs. Integrins are transmembrane adhesive receptors mediating cellcell and cellmatrix interactions that are crucial for regulating cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and survival. Consequently, increased integrin activity is associated with augmented migration and invasion capacity in several cancer types. Heterodimeric integrins consist of an alpha - and beta-subunit that are held together in a bent conformation when the receptor is inactive, but extension and separation of subdomains is observed during receptor activation. Either inside-out or outside-in activation of receptors is possible through the intracellular molecule binding to an integrin cytoplasmic domain or extracellular ligand association with an integrin ectodomain, respectively. Several regulatory binding partners have been characterized for integrin cytoplasmic beta-domains, but the regulators interacting with the cytoplasmic alpha-domains have remained elusive.\n\nIn this study, we performed yeast two-hybrid screens to identify novel binding partners for the cytoplasmic integrin alpha-domains. Further examination of two plausible candidates revealed a significant coregulatory role of an integrin alpha-subunit for cellular signaling processes. T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (TCPTP) showed a specific interaction with the cytoplasmic tail of integrin alpha1. This association stimulated TCPTP phosphatase activity, leading to negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and diminished anchorage-independent growth. Another candidate, mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI), exhibited binding to several different integrin cytoplasmic alpha-tails through a conserved GFFKR sequence. MDGI overexpression in breast cancer cells altered EGFR trafficking and caused a remarkable accumulation of EGFR in the cytoplasm. We further demonstrated <i>in vivo</i> that MDGI expression induced a novel form of anti-EGFR therapy resistance. Moreover, MDGI binding to α-tails retained integrin in an inactive conformation attenuating integrin-mediated adhesion, migration, and invasion. In agreement with these results, sustained MDGI expression in breast cancer patients correlated with an increased 10-year distant disease-free survival. Taken together, the integrin signaling network is far from a complete view and future work will doubtless broaden our understanding further.
High-responsivity vertical-illumination Si/Ge uni-traveling-carrier photodiodes based on silicon-on-insulator substrate (2016)

Si/Ge uni-traveling carrier photodiodes exhibit higher output current when space-charge effect is overcome and the thermal effects is suppressed. High current is beneficial for increasing the dynamic range of various microwave photonic systems and simplifying high-bit-rate digital receivers in many applications. From the point of view of packaging, detectors with vertical-illumination configuration can be easily handled by pick-and-place tools and are a popular choice for making photo-receiver modules. However, vertical-illumination Si/Ge uni-traveling carrier (UTC) devices suffer from inter-constraint between high speed and high responsivity. Here, we report a high responsivity vertical-illumination Si/Ge UTC photodiode based on a silicon-on-insulator substrate. When the transmission of the monolayer anti-reflection coating was maximum, the maximum absorption efficiency of the devices was 1.45 times greater than the silicon substrate owing to constructive interference. The Si/Ge UTC photodiode had a dominant responsivity at 1550 nm of 0.18 A/W, a 50% improvement even with a 25% thinner Ge absorption layer.
Influence of adrenalectomy and steroid replacement on heart citrate synthase levels (1984)

Aldosterone-dependent changes in citrate synthase (CS) activity have been used as an index of mineralocorticoid target sites. However, adrenalectomy (ADX) resulted in a fall in activity of CS and several other enzymes in rabbit heart, a tissue with glucocorticoid-but not mineralocorticoid-specific receptors. The enzymes included CS (2.03-1.36 U/mg protein, normal----ADX, P less than 0.001), isocitrate dehydrogenase-NADP+ (1.10-0.80 U/mg, P less than 0.002), isocitrate dehydrogenase-NAD+ (0.034-0.020 U/mg, P less than 0.01), and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase (0.072 to 0.035 U/mg, P less than 0.001); in contrast, mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase levels were not significantly reduced by adrenal loss. There was also a decrease after surgery in sarcolemmal Na-K-(17.30-12.31 mumol Pi . mg protein-1 . h-1, P less than 0.002) and Mg-ATPase activities (14.16-12.11 mumol Pi . mg protein-1 . h-1, P less than 0.05). However, ADX did not result in a significant change in heart weight per kilogram body weight or recovery of mitochondrial protein per gram heart. CS was also assayed in hearts from ADX animals following acute (90 min) and chronic (3 day) steroid replacement. Although neither acute intravenous aldosterone (10 micrograms/kg) nor dexamethasone (100 micrograms/kg) increased activity, exposure to multiple subcutaneous injections of either steroid over a 3-day period significantly elevated CS above ADX values. The coordinate changes in the levels of several myocardial enzymes associated with energy metabolism is discussed in terms of an adaptation to chronic alterations in energy demands as opposed to specific mineralocorticoid or glucocorticoid receptor-mediated processes.
Experimental investigation and CFD simulation of active damping mechanism for propellant slosh in spacecraft launch systems (2011)

Motion of propellant in the liquid propellant tanks due to inertial forces transferred from actions like stage separation and trajectory correction of the launch vehicle is known as propellant slosh. If unchecked, propellant slosh can reach resonance and lead to complete loss of the spacecraft stability, it can change the trajectory of the vehicle or increase consumption of propellant from the calculated requirements, thereby causing starvation of the latter stages of the vehicle. Predicting the magnitude of such slosh events is not trivial. Several passive mechanisms with limited operating range are currently used to mitigate the effects of slosh. An active damping mechanism concept developed here can operate over a large range of slosh frequencies and is much more effective than passive damping devices. Spherical and cylindrical tanks modeled using the ANSYS CFX software package considers the free surface of liquid propellant exposed to atmospheric pressure. Hydrazine is a common liquid propellant and since it is toxic, it cannot be used in experiment. But properties of hydrazine are similar to the properties of water; therefore water is substituted as propellant for experimental study. For close comparison of the data, water is substituted as propellant in CFD simulation. The research is done in three phases. The first phase includes modeling free surface slosh using CFD and validation of the model by comparison to previous experimental results. The second phase includes developing an active damping mechanism and simulating the behavior using a CFD model. The third phase includes experimental development of damping mechanism and comparing the CFD simulation to the experimental results. This research provides an excellent tool for low cost analysis of damping mechanisms for propellant slosh as well as proves that the concept of an active damping mechanism developed here, functions as expected.
Real-time content analysis and adaptive transmission of lecture videos for mobile applications (2004)

With the popularity of e-learning systems, there is an increasing demand on effectively utilizing instructional videos to augment distance learning experiences. This paper addresses some special issues in processing and streaming lecture videos, and provides a new approach for real-time content analysis and adaptive transmission of these videos over wireless networks. A content-based analysis method and a buffer-based model are provided to detect content regions and to select content significant key frames, and an adaptive feedback control scheme is applied to transmit properly compressed key frames to accommodate dynamically changing bandwidths in wireless environments, with consideration of the limitations of resolution and computing capability of mobile devices. We demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of our system in experimental results of adaptive transmission of instructional videos over 802.11b wireless networks to mobile devices.
Structural Changes During the Silica Rubber Filler Precipitation Investigated by IR and NIR Spectroscopy (1983)

Abstract Different kinds of silicic acids have been proved to have different properties in the infra red and near infra red1–2/. Precipitated white rubber fillers similarly as the pyrogenic Aerosil differ from silica gels by sharper and more intensive Si-O bands in the infra red, which may be explained by a higher periodicity of structure1/. In dry CCl4 Aerosils and precipitated silica rubber fillers form a permanent, more or less transparent suspension, whereas the silica gel particles drop to the bottom. The suspension of silicic acids gives a distinct spectrum of OH bands in the near infra red.
Robust feature compensation in nonstationary and multiple noise environments (2005)

The probabilistic optimum filtering (POF) algorithm is a piece wise linear transformation of the noisy speech feature space into the clean speech feature space. In this work we extend the POF algorithm to allow a more accurate way to select noisyto-clean feature mappings, by allowing different combinations of speech and noise to have combination-specific mappings selected depending on the observation. This is especially important in nonstationary environments, where different noise segments will result in different observations in the noisy feature space. Experimental results using stationary and nonstationary noises show the effectiveness of the proposed technique compared to the old approach. We also explored the use of the extended POF method to train a map with multiple noises in order to gain generalization over different noise types and be able to tackle unknown noise environments.
Survey on securing data storage in the cloud (2014)

Cloud Computing has become a well-known primitive nowadays; many researchers and companies are embracing this fascinating technology with feverish haste. In the meantime, security and privacy challenges are brought forward while the number of cloud storage user increases expeditiously. In this work, we conduct an in-depth survey on recent research activities of cloud storage security in association with cloud computing. After an overview of the cloud storage system and its security problem, we focus on the key security requirement triad, i.e., data integrity, data confidentiality, and availability. For each of the three security objectives, we discuss the new unique challenges faced by the cloud storage services, summarize key issues discussed in the current literature, examine, and compare the existing and emerging approaches proposed to meet those new challenges, and point out possible extensions and futuristic research opportunities. The goal of our paper is to provide a state-of-the-art knowledge to new researchers who would like to join this exciting new field.
Solubility of Gallic Acid, Vanillin, Syringic Acid, and Protocatechuic Acid in Aqueous Sulfate Solutions from (293.15 to 318.15) K (2008)

The solubility of gallic acid, vanillin, syringic acid, and protocatechuic acid in aqueous solutions of various concentrations of sodium sulfate was determined from (293.15 to 318.15) K at atmospheric pressure using a thermostatted reactor and HPLC analysis. Results showed a salting-out effect on the solubility of the tested phenolic compounds. The solubility data were accurately correlated to a semiempirical equation. The temperature dependence of the solubility data were used to estimate thermodynamic properties such as Gibbs free energy (ΔsolGo), molar enthalpy of dissolution (ΔsolHo), and molar entropy of dissolution (ΔsolSo).
Correcting HIV Prevalence Estimates for Survey Nonparticipation Using Heckman-type Selection Models (2010)

Studies of HIV prevalence and risk factors based on surveys with substantial nonparticipation should routinely use Heckman-type selection models to correct for selection on unobserved variables.