gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Very recent onset rheumatoid arthritis: clinical and serological patient characteristics associated with radiographic progression over the first years of disease (2006)

Despite early treatment, substantial damage occurred in some patients and was associated with presence of strong 'constitutive' predictors such as anti-CCP and RF as well as presence of high long-term clinical disease activity as indicated by C-reactive protein (CRP), swollen joint counts and the absence of a good clinical response (assessed by the failure to achieve lasting low disease activity).
Dimerization of the TATA Binding Protein (1995)

The TATA binding protein (TBP) is a central component of all eukaryotic transcription machineries. The recruitment of TBP to the promoter is slow and possibly rate limiting in transcription complex assembly. In an effort to understand the nature of this potential rate-limiting step, we have investigated the physical state of TBP prior to DNA binding. By chemical cross-linking, gel filtration chromatography, and protein affinity chromatography, we find that the conserved carboxyl-terminal DNA binding domain of human TBP dimerizes when not bound to DNA. The data completely support the proposed dimeric structure of plant TBP, previously determined by x-ray crystallography. TBP dimers are quite stable, having an approximate equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) in the low nanomolar range. The dimerization interface appears to be dominated by hydrophobic forces, as predicted by the crystal structure. TBP dimers do not bind DNA, but they must dissociate into monomers before stably binding to the TATA box. Dissociation of TBP dimers appears to be relatively slow, and as such has the potential to dictate the kinetics of DNA binding.
Evidence for an Anaplerotic/Malonyl-CoA Pathway in Pancreatic β-Cell Nutrient Signaling (1996)

A metabolic model of fuel sensing has been proposed in which malonyl-CoA and long-chain acyl-CoA esters may act as coupling factors in nutrient-induced insulin release (Prentki M, Vischer S, Glennon MC, Regazzi R, Deeney J, Corkey BE: Malonyl-CoA and long chain acyl-CoA esters as metabolic coupling factors in nutrient-induced insulin secretion. J Biol Chem 267:5802-5810, 1992). To gain further insight into the control of malonyl-CoA content in islet tissue, we have studied the short- and long-term regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the beta-cell. These enzymes catalyze the formation of malonyl-CoA and its usage for de novo fatty acid biogenesis. ACC mRNA, protein, and enzymatic activity are present at appreciable levels in rat pancreatic islets and clonal beta-cells (HIT cells). Glucose addition to HIT cells results in a marked increase in ACC activity that precedes the initiation of insulin release. Fasting does not modify the ACC content of islets, whereas it markedly downregulates that of lipogenic tissues. This indicates differential regulation of the ACC gene in lipogenic tissues and the islets of Langerhans. FAS is very poorly expressed in islet tissue, yet ACC is abundant. This demonstrates that the primary function of malonyl-CoA in the beta-cells is to regulate fatty acid oxidation, not to serve as a substrate for fatty acid biosynthesis. The anaplerotic enzyme pyruvate carboxylase, which allows the replenishment of citric acid cycle intermediates needed for malonyl-CoA production via citrate, is abundant in islet tissue. Glucose causes an elevation in beta (HIT)-cell citrate that precedes secretion, and only those nutrients that can elevate citrate induce effective insulin release. The results provide new evidence in support of the model and explain why malonyl-CoA rises markedly and rapidly in islets upon glucose stimulation: 1) glucose elevates citrate, the precursor of malonyl-CoA; 2) glucose enhances ACC enzymatic activity; and 3) malonyl-CoA is not diverted to lipids. The data suggest that ACC is a key enzyme in metabolic signal transduction of the beta-cell and provide evidence for the concept that an anaplerotic/malonyl-CoA pathway is implicated in insulin secretion.
Mitigation of intra-array SRAM variability using adaptive voltage architecture (2009)

SRAM cell design is driven by the need to satisfy static noise margin, write margin and read current margin (RCM) over all cells in the array in an energy-efficient manner. These constraints determine both the minimum cell size and supply voltage. RCM is set by the maximum read access time over the array. The randomness of transistor threshold voltages, and thus read times, makes maximum read time follow extreme order statistics, specifically, the Gumbel distribution which is characterized by long tails. Thus, the margin specification needs to be met at the high sigma corners in order to reach acceptable yield, resulting in oversizing and increased VDD. In this work, we demonstrate that a reduced-area bitcell design is achievable by reducing the impact of intra-array randomness through a new architecture that employs an adaptive voltage scheme in a partitioned SRAM array. The key idea is to be able to shift empirical distributions (realizations) of read time in a set of rows that form a single partition to meet the target. Because the partition is smaller than the whole array, the tail of the Gumbel distribution is significantly reduced. The adaptive voltage tuning policy is driven by the worst partition access time. For the blocks whose delay violates access time constraints, a higher voltage is selected out of the available set to gain yield, otherwise voltage is reduced for power saving. This permits smaller cell area and lower V DD at identical yield. The cost of adaptivity is in generation and routing of a small number (in our experiments, four) voltage levels and the area of one-per-partition set of PMOS switches. We demonstrate that through the voltage tuning architecture we propose, it is possible to obtain mean power consumption reduction on average by 21% iso-area. Alternatively, bitcell area can be reduced on average by 7% iso-power compared to the existing design strategy.
Sensitivity comparison of the Helmet-chin PET with a cylindrical PET: A simulation study (2015)

Dedicated brain PET scanner becomes an important tool for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and brain function studies. The spatial resolution of the PET system can be improved by use of advanced depth-of-interaction (DOI) detectors, and its sensitivity can be enhanced by increasing its solid angle. Conventionally, PET scanners are designed based on a cylindrical geometry, and the sensitivity is limited due to the small solid-angle coverage. On the other hand, we have proposed a dedicated brain PET scanner based on a hemispheric-shaped and a chin detector (here after referred to as helmet-chin PET). The chin detector helps to increase the number of possible lines-of-response in the hemisphere. In this study, we evaluate the sensitivity of the helmet-chin PET under a realistic scanner design using Geant4 simulation toolkit. The scanner was constructed from 54 four-layer DOI block detectors arranged in a hemisphere (helmet part) of radius 126.5 mm and a chin detector. The helmet part had three rings with different radii and number of block detectors, and a top cover with 5 block detectors arranged in a cross-shaped geometry. Each block detector consisted of 16 × 16 × 4 array of GSO crystals with a dimension of 2.8 × 2.8 × 7.5 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . The sensitivity of the helmet-chin PET was compared to that of a cylindrical PET constructed from the same number and type of block detectors. The point source sensitivity of the helmet-chin PET was 1.4 times higher around the bottom part of the helmet and 4 times higher at the top part of the helmet compared to that of the cylindrical PET. The results showed that the helmet-chin PET can significantly improve sensitivity at the cerebellum and cerebrum regions, and could be promising for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and accurate brain function studies. Recently, we have developed the first helmet-chin PET prototype.
DNA fingerprinting in forensics: past, present, future (2013)

DNA fingerprinting, one of the great discoveries of the late 20th century, has revolutionized forensic investigations. This review briefly recapitulates 30 years of progress in forensic DNA analysis which helps to convict criminals, exonerate the wrongly accused, and identify victims of crime, disasters, and war. Current standard methods based on short tandem repeats (STRs) as well as lineage markers (Y chromosome, mitochondrial DNA) are covered and applications are illustrated by casework examples. Benefits and risks of expanding forensic DNA databases are discussed and we ask what the future holds for forensic DNA fingerprinting.
SMoG:  de Novo Design Method Based on Simple, Fast, and Accurate Free Energy Estimates. 2. Case Studies in Molecular Design (1997)

In this paper, we summarize three ligand design studies performed using the program SMoG, which was developed in our lab. The aim of this presentation is to communicate through examples the potential of this method: the richness of the molecules that can be developed and the ease with which they are found. In particular, we present suggestions for ligands to Src SH3 domain (specificity pocket and LP site) and CD4.
Perfluoropolyethers: intramolecular disproportionation (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPerfluoropolyethers: intramolecular disproportionationPaul H. KasaiCite this: Macromolecules 1992, 25, 25, 6791–6799Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00051a011https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00051a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views543Altmetric-Citations112LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Nucleic Acid Scavenger Polyamidoamine Third-Generation Dendrimer Inhibits Fibroblast Activation and Granulation Tissue Contraction (2014)

The data demonstrate that nucleic acid-stimulated fibroblast activation and granulation tissue contraction are blocked by polyamidoamine third-generation dendrimer. Sequestration of pathogen-associated molecular patterns may be an approach for preventing pathologic scarring.
Long-Term Fetal Microchimerism in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Subsets in Healthy Women and Women With Scleroderma (1999)

Fetal CD34(+) CD38(+) cells have recently been found to persist in maternal peripheral blood for many years after pregnancy. CD34(+) CD38(+) cells are progenitor cells that can differentiate into mature immune-competent cells. We asked whether long-term fetal microchimerism occurs in T lymphocyte, B lymphocyte, monocyte, and natural-killer cell populations of previously pregnant women. We targeted women with sons and used polymerase chain reaction for a Y-chromosome-specific sequence to test DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and from CD3, CD19, CD14, and CD56/16 sorted subsets. We also asked whether persistent microchimerism might contribute to subsequent autoimmune disease in the mother and included women with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. Scleroderma has a peak incidence in women after childbearing years and has clinical similarities to chronic graft-versus-host disease that occurs after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, known to involve chimerism. Sixty-eight parous women were studied for male DNA in PBMC and 20 for PBMC subsets. Microchimerism was found in PBMC from 33% (16 of 48) of healthy women and 60% (12 of 20) women with scleroderma, P =.046. Microchimerism was found in some women in CD3, CD19, CD14, and CD56/16 subsets including up to 38 years after pregnancy. Microchimerism in PBMC subsets was not appreciably more frequent in scleroderma patients than in healthy controls. Overall, microchimerism was found in CD3, CD19, and CD14 subsets in approximately one third of women and in CD56/16 in one half of women. HLA typing of mothers and sons indicated that HLA compatibility was not a requirement for persistent microchimerism in PBMC subsets. Fetal microchimerism in the face of HLA disparity implies that specific maternal immunoregulatory pathways exist that permit persistence but prevent effector function of these cells in normal women. Although microchimerism in PBMC was more frequent in women with scleroderma than healthy controls additional studies will be necessary to determine whether microchimerism plays a role in the pathogenesis of this or other autoimmune diseases.
STIGMA, DISCRIMINATION EXPERIENCE, AND COPING MECHANISM: A CASE STUDY OF PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS IN URBAN AND RURAL CAMBODIA. (2011)

associated with poverty status (X= 5.03, DF = 1, P -value= 0.025).In conclusion, due to the lack of HIV awareness, misunderstanding, fear, individualism, capitalism, and political influence, and others, HIV/AIDS related stigma and discrimination occurs in all levels of Cambodian society.Hence, recommendations are suggested to increase HIV awareness through strengthening of the existing educational and training programs.Moreover, advocacy for the strengthening of the community at the grassroots level to the national level and social empowerment and existing national network should be increased and enhanced in capacity and function.Meanwhile, policies and laws regarding discrimination should be set up and implemented effectively in all sectors of society.
USING REAL-TIME VIDEO ANALYTICS TO IMPROVE INSTRUCTION (2018)

The explosive growth of enrollment in courses, especially in engineering and computer science, has resulted in the need to rethink how to deliver instructions in large courses. As the number of students increase, it is simply not possible to increase staff and/or add more teaching facilities to deal with the situation. Instead, we must think of innovative ways to design technology and rethink delivery methods to improve instruction. One possible way to handle large numbers of students and/or improve instruction is to integrate wellproduced instructional videos into the curriculum. In this paper, we describe a new technology platform that was developed at a major research university to address the scale and academic diversity of students taking computer science courses. By scale we mean the number of students taking a course, and by academic diversity we mean the varied levels of academic backgrounds that these students come from. The key idea of our project is to provide an easy-to-use platform and use real-time analytics to identify topics that need extra attention and/or identify students for whom intervention is necessary.
Comparison of PCR and Microscopy for Detection of <i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i> in Human Fecal Specimens: Clinical Trial (1998)

PCR technology offers alternatives to conventional diagnosis of Cryptosporidium for both clinical and environmental samples. We compared microscopic examination by a conventional acid-fast staining procedure with a recently developed PCR test that can not only detect Cryptosporidium but is also able to differentiate between what appear to be host-adapted genotypes of the parasite. Examinations were performed on 511 stool specimens referred for screening on the basis of diarrhea. PCR detected a total of 36 positives out of the 511 samples, while routine microscopy detected 29 positives. Additional positives detected by PCR were eventually confirmed to be positive by microscopy. A total of five samples that were positive by routine microscopy at Western Diagnostic Pathology but negative by PCR and by microscopy in our laboratory were treated as false positives. Microscopy therefore exhibited 83.7% sensitivity and 98.9% specificity compared to PCR. PCR was more sensitive and easier to interpret but required more hands-on time to perform and was more expensive than microscopy. PCR, however, was very adaptable to batch analysis, reducing the costs considerably. Bulk buying of reagents and modifications to the procedure would decrease the cost of the PCR test even more. An important advantage of the PCR test, its ability to directly differentiate between different Cryptosporidium genotypes, will assist in determining the source of cryptosporidial outbreaks. Sensitivity, specificity, ability to genotype, ease of use, and adaptability to batch testing make PCR a useful tool for future diagnosis and studies on the molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium infections.
RSSI-based fingerprint map building for indoor localization (2013)

This paper has proposed a mapping system to build the RSSI-based fingerprint database for indoor localization. The mapping system has been developed practically to achieve two main objectives, fast and accurate radio-map construction. For the first aim, we implement the specially designed handheld mapping cart consisting of an odometer, a LiDAR, and a WLAN receiver in order to rapidly measure the environmental data at each area. To accomplish the rest goal, we suggest the map building algorithms employing the scan-matching, the graph-based optimization, and probabilistic median filter by using the gathered environmental data. The experiment has been performed in real office space to demonstrate the practical usability of the proposed method. And finally, we remark the conclusion and offer the future works to improve the mapping system of RSSI-based fingerprint database.
Efficient Frequency Offset Estimation and Tracking for Reuse-1 OFDMA Systems (2006)

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems are highly sensitive to frequency synchronization errors which cause inter-carrier interference, leading to degradation in the system performance. In this paper, a pragmatic timing and frequency synchronization scheme for reuse-1 OFDMA systems that is compatible with IEEE 802.16d/e wireless MAN standard is proposed. The algorithm uses cyclic prefix correlation technique to both estimate and track OFDMA frame boundary and fractional frequency offset. Once the preamble is captured, the integral part of the frequency offset and cell-specific preamble code can be estimated. This novel scheme is computationally efficient and robust to co-channel interference and multipath fading. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm gives excellent performance even at very low signal to interference noise ratios
Parental Effects on Children's Emotional Development Over Time and Across Generations (2010)

Principal tasks of the early childhood years, including attaining self-efficacy, self-control, social integration, and preparedness for education, require the development of adaptive and competent emotional development. Results from longitudinal and intergenerational studies examining the effect of parenting behaviors on children's emotional outcomes provide support for the importance of parenting style as a mechanism in the development of competent or problematic emotional functioning over time and across generations. Despite the critical role of emotional competence on lifelong development, little longitudinal research has assessed its effect on children's cognitive, social, behavioral, and academic competence over time, or how parenting affects the emotional functioning and later developmental outcomes in subsequent generations. The objectives of the present article were to (1) summarize and integrate longitudinal and intergenerational research on the emotional development of at-risk and typically developing children; (2) evaluate research examining the role that parenting behaviors play in the development of children's emotional competence; (3) highlight cross-sectional research investigating parental influences on the emotional development of children with disabilities; and (4) describe how adaptive and maladaptive emotional development affect the overall functioning of children with and without developmental disabilities. The importance of studying emotional development is underscored, as well as implications for social, educational, and health policy.
An approach towards benchmarking of table structure recognition results (2005)

After we developed a model free table recognition system we had the desire to automatically register the effect of minor changes to parameters upon the overall performance quality of our system in order to tune parameters. Therefore we developed a complete benchmarking environment, containing a user front-end to acquire ground truth data as well as mechanisms to evaluate the quality of the recognition results. The tasks involved in the analysis systems were the locating of table regions, identification of cells and mapping of cells to rows and columns. This paper presents our approach towards the comparison of recognition results with the ground truth. The established definitions of recall and precision did not meet our requirements, as we wanted to register even smallest improvements (or changes in general) in the results, even when both results were imperfect. We therefore extended the measures recall and precision in order to deal with recognition probabilities of objects rather than just with Boolean values.
The interleukin-8 AP-1 and kappa B-like sites are genetic end targets of FK506-sensitive pathway accompanied by calcium mobilization. (1994)

FK506, an immunosuppressant, inhibits the production of several cytokines in T lymphocytes. We observed that FK506 suppressed the transcription of a chemotactic cytokine, interleukin-8 (IL-8) in a human T cell line, Jurkat cells, activated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium (Ca2+) ionophore (ionomycin). By deleted and mutated analysis of the IL-8 promoters, the AP-1 and kappa B-like sites were identified as the responsive elements for PMA and ionomycin. FK506 suppressed the transcriptions through the AP-1 or kappa B-like sites induced by PMA plus Ca(2+)-mobilizing agents, but not those induced by Ca(2+)-independent stimuli. In gel retardation analysis, FK506 had little effect on the binding to the AP-1 site of PMA/ionomycin-induced nuclear factors, which were recognized with anti-JunD or c-Fos antibody. In contrast, FK506 or EGTA (Ca2+ chelator) similarly affected the formation of kappa B-like site binding complexes, which were not recognized by any antibodies against the human Rel family proteins (c-Rel, p65, p50, and p49). Furthermore, we confirmed the previous report that FK506 suppressed the PMA/ionomycin-induced activation through authentic kappa B site of immunoglobulin (Ig) gene, to which NF-kappa B binding was also decreased by FK506, indicating that both IL-8 kappa B-like site and Ig kappa B site are FK506-sensitive in spite of the difference of binding factors. Our results indicate that not only the reported IL-2 NF-AT and NFIL-2A sites and Ig kappa B site, but also the IL-8 AP-1 and kappa B-like sites are terminals of FK506-sensitive pathway involving Ca2+ mobilization.