gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Organometallic crown ethers. 1. Metal-acyl binding to a crown ether-held cation (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTOrganometallic crown ethers. 1. Metal-acyl binding to a crown ether-held cationS. J. McLainCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 20, 6355–6357Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1983https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00358a051Request reuse permissionsArticle Views353Altmetric-Citations55LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (401 KB) Get e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Transient receptor potential ankyrin receptor 1 is a novel target for pro‐tussive agents (2009)

A novel pro-tussive pathway involves the TRPA1 channel, expressed by capsaicin-sensitive airway sensory nerves and is activated by a series of exogenous (cigarette smoke) and endogenous irritants. These results suggest TRPA1 may be a novel target for anti-tussive medicines.
Potential of mono- and bimetallic catalysts for liquid-phase hydrogenation of aqueous nitrite solutions (1998)

Liquid-phase reduction using a solid catalyst provides a potential technique for the removal of nitrites from waters. Activity and selectivity measurements were performed for a wide range of reactant concentrations and reaction conditions in an isothermal semi-batch slurry reactor operating at atmospheric pressure. The effects of catalyst loading and initial nitrite concentration on the reaction rate were also investigated. The Pd monometallic catalysts were found to be advantageous over the Pd-Cu bimetallic catalyst with respect to both reaction activity and selectivity. Minimum ammonia formation was observed for the Pd(1 wt. %)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. The reaction kinetics was found to be dependent on the catalyst surface hydroxylation, which has also been confirmed by runs conducted in a continuous-flow monolith reactor.
6.6 A 240Hz-reporting-rate mutual-capacitance touch-sensing analog front-end enabling multiple active/passive styluses with 41dB/32dB SNR for 0.5mm diameter (2015)

A mutual-capacitance touch-sensing architecture and a system that enables concurrent usage of multiple active styluses having different properties such as color, thickness, shape, etc., are developed and verified with use of an existing touch controller [1]. An extension of the architecture to handle wireless active styluses is also developed and verified with an analog front-end (AFE) IC.
Properties of CdZnTe crystals grown by a high pressure Bridgman method (1992)

CdZnTe crystals have been grown over the full range of alloy composition by a high-pressure Bridgman (HPB) method. Use of the inert gas over pressure reduces loss of material from the melt, and permits growth without the use of sealed ampoules, extending the range of possible alloys, and allowing a choice of crucible materials. The HPB method yields high-quality CdZnTe and enables room-temperature gamma radiation detectors to be made over large area wafers of undoped material for the first time.
Centimeter‐Sized Cs<sub>4</sub>PbBr<sub>6</sub> Crystals with Embedded CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> Nanocrystals Showing Superior Photoluminescence: Nonstoichiometry Induced Transformation and Light‐Emitting Applications (2018)

Abstract An HBr‐assisted slow cooling method is developed for the growth of centimeter‐sized Cs 4 PbBr 6 crystals. The obtained crystals show strong green photoluminescence with absolute photoluminescence quantum yields up to 97%. More importantly, the evolution process and structural characterizations support that the nonstoichiometry of initial Cs 4 PbBr 6 crystals induce the formation of nanosized CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals in crystalline Cs 4 PbBr 6 matrices. Furthermore, high efficiency and wide color gamut prototype white light‐emitting diode devices are also demonstrated by combining the highly luminescent Cs 4 PbBr 6 crystals as green emitters and commercial K 2 SiF 6 :Mn 4+ phosphor as red emitters with blue emitting GaN chips. The optimized devices generate high‐quality white light with luminous efficiency of ≈151 lm W −1 and color gamut of 90.6% Rec. 2020 at 20 mA, which is much better than that based on conventional perovskite nanocrystals. The combination of improved efficiency and better stability with comparable color quality provides an alternative choice for liquid crystal display backlights.
Bacterial Effector Binding to Ribosomal Protein S3 Subverts NF-κB Function (2009)

Enteric bacterial pathogens cause food borne disease, which constitutes an enormous economic and health burden. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) causes a severe bloody diarrhea following transmission to humans through various means, including contaminated beef and vegetable products, water, or through contact with animals. EHEC also causes a potentially fatal kidney disease (hemolytic uremic syndrome) for which there is no effective treatment or prophylaxis. EHEC and other enteric pathogens (e.g., enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia) utilize a type III secretion system (T3SS) to inject virulence proteins (effectors) into host cells. While it is known that T3SS effectors subvert host cell function to promote diarrheal disease and bacterial transmission, in many cases, the mechanisms by which these effectors bind to host proteins and disrupt the normal function of intestinal epithelial cells have not been completely characterized. In this study, we present evidence that the E. coli O157:H7 nleH1 and nleH2 genes encode T3SS effectors that bind to the human ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), a subunit of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappaB) transcriptional complexes. NleH1 and NleH2 co-localized with RPS3 in the cytoplasm, but not in cell nuclei. The N-terminal region of both NleH1 and NleH2 was required for binding to the N-terminus of RPS3. NleH1 and NleH2 are autophosphorylated Ser/Thr protein kinases, but their binding to RPS3 is independent of kinase activity. NleH1, but not NleH2, reduced the nuclear abundance of RPS3 without altering the p50 or p65 NF-kappaB subunits or affecting the phosphorylation state or abundance of the inhibitory NF-kappaB chaperone IkappaBalpha NleH1 repressed the transcription of a RPS3/NF-kappaB-dependent reporter plasmid, but did not inhibit the transcription of RPS3-independent reporters. In contrast, NleH2 stimulated RPS3-dependent transcription, as well as an AP-1-dependent reporter. We identified a region of NleH1 (N40-K45) that is at least partially responsible for the inhibitory activity of NleH1 toward RPS3. Deleting nleH1 from E. coli O157:H7 produced a hypervirulent phenotype in a gnotobiotic piglet model of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli infection. We suggest that NleH may disrupt host innate immune responses by binding to a cofactor of host transcriptional complexes.
Facial reactions to happy and angry facial expressions: Evidence for right hemisphere dominance (2000)

Previous research on asymmetric effects of emotional expression and brain-hemispheric asymmetry has supported opposing theories of hemispheric dominance in the control of emotional reactions. In the present study, 32 subjects were exposed to pictures of happy and angry facial stimuli while facial electromyographic (EMG) activity from the zygomatic major and the corrugator supercilii muscle regions was detected from the left and right sides of the face. The subjects reacted spontaneously and rapidly with larger zygomatic EMG activity to happy facial stimuli and larger corrugator EMG activity to angry stimuli. These distinct reactions were significantly larger on the left side of the face. It is concluded that the present results support the hypothesis that the right brain hemisphere is predominantly involved in the control of spontaneously evoked emotional reactions.
A robotic lighting system for solar illumination simulation (2002)

This report details the authors' development of a computer controlled spotlight with four actuated degrees-of-freedom for pan, tilt, linear movement, and beam focusing. The authors review the mechanical structure, kinematic model, calibration data, and control algorithm. The resultant system enables the spotlight to maintain constant intensity of the illumination of a surface, while changing the incident angle of the light. In this way, the authors effectively simulate the changing illumination experienced in low earth orbit. The simulation system is currently used to test human and computer inspection of orbital platform mockups for the Space Station freedom.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Large Volume Osteosarcomas of the Femur Treated with Total Femoral Replacement (2014)

Large osteosarcomas, femur, total femoral replacement.
Comorbidity, Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Chemosensitivity Are Independent Predictors of Mortality after Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) for Patients (pts) with Lymphoma. (2007)

Abstract An HCT-comorbidity index (HCT-CI) was modeled to capture comorbidities and predict outcomes among pts given allogeneic HCT (Blood 2005). Here, we asked whether the HCT-CI could provide prognostic information among pts given autologous HCT. We retrospectively collected and analyzed comorbidities and other pretransplant variables among 273 pts with lymphoma transplanted between 2000 and 2005. Pts were conditioned with cyclophosphamide + total body irradiation or radio-labeled monoclonal antibody (n=127), busulfan/melphalan/thiotepa (n=86), melphalan/cytarabine/BCNU/etoposide (n=37), or other regimens (n=17). Diagnoses were indolent (n=36) or aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n=169) and Hodgkin lymphoma (n=68). At HCT, 16%, 37%, and 34% of pts had disease transformed from follicular lymphoma, chemosensitive disease, and elevated LDH, respectively. Median age was 49 (range:13–76) years. Median number of prior regimens was 3 and 58% and 26% had prior rituximab and radiotherapy, respectively. HCT-CI comorbidities (score >0, Table 1) were found among 65% of pts, of whom 16% had score 1, 19% score 2, 26% scores 3–4, and 4% scores ≥5. Among pts with scores ≥3 (n=82), 20 had a single comorbidity while 62 had ≥2 comorbidities. In univariate analyses, number of prior regimens, prior rituximab, prior radiotherapy, histology, transformed disease, conditioning regimen, CD34+ cell dose, and time between diagnosis and HCT were not statistically significant in predicting outcomes. Factors which were significant in univariate analyses, were tested in multivariate models (Table 2), where HCT-CI scores independently predicted non-relapse mortality (NRM) and together with LDH and chemosensitive disease predicted overall (OS) and relapse-free survivals (RFS). Pts with HCT-CI scores of 0 vs 1–2 vs ≥3 had 2-year NRM of 3%, 8%, and 19% and OS of 80%, 78%, and 52% respectively (Figure). Further, pts with scores of 3–4 vs ≥5 had NRM and OS of 15% and 57% vs 42% and 25%, respectively. In conclusion, Pts with HCT-CI scores of 0 and 1–2 tolerated high-dose conditioning equally well, while scores ≥3 were associated with increasing mortality. The HCT-CI is an informative tool to assess pts given autologous HCT, and it could provide valuable independent prognostic information when used prospectively. Table 1: HCT-CI Comorbidities % Score Pulmonary Moderate 30 2 Severe 9 3 Cardiac EF ≤ 50% 7.3 1 Arrhythmia 2.9 1 CAD 1.8 1 Valvular 0.7 3 Hepatic Mild 6.6 1 Moderate 1 3 Prior malignancy 5.5 3 Ulcer 2.6 2 Rheumatologic 1 2 Renal 0.4 2 Diabetes 4.8 1 Psychiatric 14 1 Infection 3.7 1 Obesity 8.8 1 Others 1.8 1 Table 2: Multivariate analyses NRM Mortality RFS HR P HR P HR P *Age was included but was not statistically significabt HCT-CI scores 0 1 1 1 1–2 1.6 0.5 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.6 ≥3 6.6 0.0009 2.9 <0.0001 2.4 0.0001 LDH Normal 1 1 1 Abnormal 1.6 0.27 2.0 0.001 1.6 0.01 Chemosensitivity Yes 1 1 1 No 1.2 0.7 1.6 0.02 1.7 0.005 Figure Figure
Laser Fluorimetry: Subpicogram Detection of Aflatoxins Using High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (1977)

The use of high-pressure liquid chromatographic separation in conjunction with laser-induced fluorescence detection permits the analysis of trace fluorescent species at new limits of sensitivity. This technique was applied to the carcinogens aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2, which were linearly quantitated to 7.5 x 10(-13) gram. The procedure consists of forming more fluorescent aflatoxin derivatives, eluting the aflatoxins from a reverse-phase column, focusing the 325-nanometer output of a helium-cadmium ion laser into a suspended droplet of the eluent, and measuring the resulting fluorescence using phase-sensitive detection.
TCP WELCOME TCP variant for Wireless Environment, Link losses, and COngestion packet loss ModEls (2009)

The problem of TCP and all its existing variations within MANETs resides in its inability to distinguish between different data packet loss causes. Thus, TCP has not always the optimum behaviour in front of packet losses which might cause network performance degradation and resources waste. Multiple loss differentiation algorithms (LDAs) have been designed to improve TCP performances. They had been optimized for data networks where only the last link is a wireless link. In these LDAs the most common packet losses that are handled are those due to wireless channel errors or congestion. We show in this paper that a third common packet loss cause, link failure, has to be handled in multi-hop wireless networks such as mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). In order to handle these three packet loss causes, we propose TCP-WELCOME. This latter follows a two-step process: (i) first, distinguish between most common packet loss causes, and (ii) then, triggers the most appropriate packet loss recovery according to the identified loss cause. The performance evaluation shows that TCP-WELCOME optimizes both energy consumption and throughput. Also, TCP-WELCOME does not change the standard as its loss differentiation and recovery algorithms can operate with the already existing TCP variants.
Extracting data from a DICOM file (2005)

DICOM v3.0 is a vendor-independent standard for digital medical images that describes a file format and network protocol for the exchange of images between computer systems. When simply viewing a DICOM file, it is not necessary for the user to understand the details of the entire DICOM standard. However, understanding parts of the standard is essential when DICOM files are read and processed by a user-generated program. This paper offers an overview of information a user needs to write a program for extracting the image and acquisition parameters from a DICOM file.
Interference-aware geographical routing for sensor-nets in indoor environments (2009)

In the indoor environments, the geographical routing can perform poorly because it tends to forward messages across the interference (e.g. concrete wall). Nowadays many other 2.4GHz devices (e.g. WLAN or Bluetooth) cause more interferences. Some researchers have proposed the packet-reception-rate (PRR) based geographical routing algorithms [1] [2] [3]. However, these algorithms can incur large overhead and cannot adjust to the interference changes dynamically because they have to send several messages to obtain the PRR. In this paper, we propose an interference-aware geographical routing algorithm for sensor networks (sensor-nets). The proposed algorithm estimates the link qualities fast and energy-efficiently; and selects good-link-quality neighbors accordingly. The proposed algorithm then forwards messages to the node that is closest to the destination among the selected neighbors. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm achieves higher energy and delivery performances than the previous algorithms.
Supercontinuum generation and nonlinearity in soft glass fibres (2010)

There are many applications for broad bandwidth infrared laser sources, including optical frequency metrology (Udem et al., 2002), precision spectroscopy (Holzwarth et al., 2000) and optical tomography (Hartl et al., 2001), and moving into the mid-infrared (mid-IR), uses for wavelengths beyond 2 μm include LIDAR, molecular spectroscopy and active hyperspectral imaging. Fibre-based supercontinuum sources are attractive for these applications due to their combination of high brightness and broad bandwidth in comparison to alternative thermal or laser sources. Current high brightness mid-IR sources are typically based on optical parametric oscillators (OPO) or quantum cascade lasers (QCL). While OPOs achieve excellent performance they require large pump lasers and can be rather complex and costly to maintain, and QCLs are hard to scale up in power and cannot at present be used to access the important 2–3 μm regime. New fibre-based technology could create an important additional source of robust and lower cost broad bandwidth mid-IR light for the future.
Complex-valued neural networks: The merits and their origins (2009)

This paper discusses what the merits of complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs) arise from. First we look back the mathematical history to elucidate the features of complex numbers, in particular to confirm the importance of the phase-and-amplitude viewpoint for designing and constructing CVNNs to enhance the features. The viewpoint is essential in general to deal with waves such as electromagnetic-wave and lightwave. Then we point out that, although we represent a complex number as an ordered pair of real numbers for example, we can reduce ineffective degree of freedom in learning or self-organization in CVNNs to achieve better generalization characteristics. This wave-oriented merit is useful widely for general signal processing with Fourier synthesis or in frequency-domain treatment through Fourier transform.
BLENDED CEMENT USING VOLCANIC ASH AND PUMICE (2003)

Volcanic ash (VA) and pumice powder (VPP) may offer potential as cement replacement materials. This study assesses the suitability of VA and VPP for blended cement production. Tests were conducted on cement where Portland cement (PC) was replaced by VA and VPP within the range of 0 to 50%. The investigation included testing on both fresh and hardened states of cement paste. The physical and chemical properties of VA and VPP were reviewed to evaluate the possible influences on cement properties. The standard tests conducted on different PC-VP and PC-VPP mixtures provided results comparable to those for fly ash cement. The results show that manufacture of blended Portland volcanic ash cement (PVAC) and Portland volcanic pumice cement (PVPC) is possible using up to 20% VA and 15% VPP respectively. However, due to an increase in setting time, the heat of hydration in both PVAC and PVPC should be less than normal PC.
Markers of endothelial and epithelial pulmonary injury in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ICU patients (2021)

COVID-19 ARDS is characterized by an early pulmonary endothelial injury, as detected by Ang-2 and ICAM-1. COVID-19 ARDS and classical ARDS exhibited a different expression of biomarkers, suggesting different pathological pathways. Trial registration NCT04343053 , Date of registration: April 13, 2020.
Analysis of Stroke Intersection for Overlapping PGF Elements (2016)

Query-by-figure is an effective retrieval approach for educational documents. However, complex geometric diagrams in the field of mathematics education remain as obstacles in current retrieval systems. This study aims to explore a query method for plane geometric figures (PGFs) via sketched figures on smart mobile devices. We adopt an undirected graph model to describe PGFs and a divide-and-conquer strategy to analyze the relationships among strokes. Our main contribution is the detailed analysis of the stroke intersection that frequently occurs in PGFs. Numerous accurate elements obtained through overlapping analysis are then selected to construct strong descriptors for PGFs. Only the compressed query features, instead of a query figure, are transmitted to an image-based retrieval system located on a remote server, where the sketched PGF is finally recognized with low delay response. The experiments show that the proposed method achieves high efficiency and provides users with good interactive experience.
Bimodal atomic force microscopy imaging of isolated antibodies in air and liquids (2008)

We have developed a dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM) method based on the simultaneous excitation of the first two flexural modes of the cantilever. The instrument, called a bimodal atomic force microscope, allows us to resolve the structural components of antibodies in both monomer and pentameric forms. The instrument operates in both high and low quality factor environments, i.e., air and liquids. We show that under the same experimental conditions, bimodal AFM is more sensitive to compositional changes than amplitude modulation AFM. By using theoretical and numerical methods, we study the material contrast sensitivity as well as the forces applied on the sample during bimodal AFM operation.
Diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: an organic disorder with structural abnormalities in the jejunal epithelial barrier (2012)

The jejunal mucosa of IBS-D patients displays disrupted apical junctional complex integrity associated with mast cell activation and clinical manifestations. These results provide evidence for the organic nature of IBS-D, a heretofore model disease of functional gastrointestinal disorders.
Doping Polycyclic Arenes with Nitrogen–Boron–Nitrogen (NBN) Units (2018)

With the aid of borylation and oxidative coupling reactions, six new polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) doped by nitrogen-boron-nitrogen (NBN) units were achieved. The structure-optoelectronic property relationship for this group of compounds was examined. All six compounds are fluorescent with contrasting emission colors and quantum yields.
<title>4D symbology for sensing and simulation</title> (1996)

The Army's Common Picture of the Battlefield will produce immense amounts of data associated with tactical goals and options, dynamic operations, unit and troop movement, and general battlefield information. These data will come form sensors (in real-time) and from simulations and must be positioned accurately on high-fidelity 3-D terrain. This paper is associated with the Army's 2-D symbols for operations and tactics so that the information content of this symbolic structure is retained. A hierarchy is developed based on military organization to display this symbology. Using this hierarchy, even complex battlefield scenarios can be displayed and explored in real-time with minimal clutter. The user may also move units around by direct manipulation, define paths, create or delete hierarchical elements, and make other interactions. To strengthen the capacity for distributed simulations and for using sensor information from multiple sources, DIS capability has been integrated with the symbology for dynamic updates of position, direction and speed, and hierarchical structure. This paper will also discuss how the techniques used here can be applied to general (non-military) organizational structures.