gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Live and time-shifted content delivery for dynamic broadcast: terminal aspects (2012)

In Dynamic Broadcast it is assumed that receivers provide an interface to both a broadcast network and a broadband network. In addition, they are expected to be equipped with a storage device. The receivers are capable of composing linear TV services of individual content items, which are either being received live via the broadcast or the broadband network or which are played back from a local storage device if they have been received before. Multiple content delivery mechanisms are supported, including live and pre-transmission of TV programs. Inside the receivers, a combined usage of one or more broadcast tuners, the broadband interface, and the local storage device is therefore required. In this paper, we discuss how the interaction of these devices can be managed in order to allow for the live and time-shifted delivery of TV content via dynamically changing distribution channels. Further, a system demonstrator is presented, which allows the seamless presentation of TV services in a Dynamic Broadcast environment, where live as well as time-shifted content delivery mechanisms are in use.
Embedded Ultrasonic Structural Radar With Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors for the NDE of Thin-Wall Structures (2002)

Embedded-ultrasonics structural radar (EUSR) is a new concept and methodology for in-situ nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and structural health monitoring (SHM) of thin-wall structures. EUSR consists (a) an array of piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) embedded into the structure; and (b) electronic modules for signal transmission/reception, processing, and interpretation. EUSR utilizes guided elastic waves (Lamb waves) generated omnidirectionally into the thin-wall structure by surface-mounted permanently-attached PWAS. The paper starts with the general concepts of the EUSR algorithm: transmission beamforming, reception beamforming, and time of fight determination. Next, details of the Lamb wave generation with PWAS, verification of group-velocity dispersion curves, identification of optimal excitation frequency, and confirmation of wave front omnidirectionality are discussed. In the third part of the paper, the actual implementation of the EUSR method in a proof-of-concept demonstration is presented. The construction of the PWAS phased array is described, and detection of cracks located broadside and offside of the PWAS array is illustrated. The method is shown to be easy to use through a visually interactive LabView™ interface. Very good detection accuracy is observed. Though the proof-of-concept experiments presented in this paper were illustrated on metallic structures, the EUSR concept works just as well on composite and hybrid structures.
An On-Line Monitoring System to Recognize Stitch Defects Through Thread Motion and High Speed Image Analyses (1999)

A sensor system that inspects a garment as it is being sewn has the potential to eliminate much of the cost associated with inspection and to improve product quality. An economically feasible on-line stitch quality monitoring system is under development that utilizes commercially-available, low-cost piezoelectric sensors and a PC-based Linux data acquisition system. The sensors respond to the vibration caused by the thread motion and output a corresponding waveform used to study and model the formation of single stitches. As a result, the presence of periodic occurrences can be identified and attributed to proper stitch formation. Conversely, the absence of such events can be utilized to signal the presence of single stitch defects and diagnose their causes. Finally, high speed image analysis of the sewing threads has verified conclusions drawn from the output signals of the piezoelectric sensors and contributed to a better understanding of the dynamics involved in high speed sewing.
Triplets Contribute to Both an Increase and Loss in Fluorescent Yield in Organic Light Emitting Diodes (2012)

Nonradiative triplets in fluorescent organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) can lead to increased efficiency through triplet-triplet annihilation, or to decreased efficiency due to singlet-triplet annihilation. We study the tradeoff between the two processes from the electroluminescence transients of an OLED comprising a tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene (DBP) doped rubrene emissive layer, whose emission spectrum peaks at a wavelength of 610 nm. The electroluminescent transients in the current density range, 4 mA/cm(2)<J<57 A/cm(2), are modeled based on singlet and triplet density dynamics. Our analysis shows that triplets positively contribute to the OLED efficiency at J<2.2 A/cm(2), while decreasing the efficiency at higher J. The high OLED peak external quantum efficiency of 6.7% and rapid efficiency roll-off with J are quantitatively explained by the tradeoff between triplet-triplet and singlet-triplet annihilation. The model suggests optimal materials properties needed for achieving high efficiency at high brightness in fluorescent OLEDs.
Genetic Immunization Elicits Antigen-Specific Protective Immune Responses and Decreases Disease Severity in<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>Infection (2002)

Immunity to Trypanosoma cruzi requires elicitation of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to extracellular trypomastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. In this study, the effectiveness of the T. cruzi trans-sialidase family (ts) genes ASP-1, ASP-2, and TSA-1 as genetic vaccines was assessed. Immunization of mice with plasmids encoding ASP-1, ASP-2, or TSA-1 elicited poor antigen-specific cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity and T. cruzi-specific antibody responses. Codelivery of interleukin-12 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plasmids with antigen-encoding plasmids resulted in a substantial increase in CTL activity and antibody production and in increased resistance to T. cruzi infection. In pooled results from two to four experiments, 30 to 60% of mice immunized with antigen-encoding plasmids and 60 to 80% of mice immunized with antigen-encoding plasmids plus cytokine adjuvants survived a lethal challenge with T. cruzi. In comparison, 90% of control mice injected with empty plasmid DNA died during the acute phase of infection. However, the pool of three ts genes provided no greater protection than the most effective single gene (ASP-2) either with or without coadministration of cytokine plasmids. Importantly, the extent of tissue parasitism, inflammation, and associated tissue damage in skeletal muscles during the chronic phase of T. cruzi infection in mice immunized with antigen-encoding plasmids plus cytokine adjuvants was remarkably reduced compared to mice immunized with only cytokine adjuvants or empty plasmid DNA. These results identify new vaccine candidates and establish some of the methodologies that might be needed to develop effective vaccine-mediated control of T. cruzi infection. In addition, this work provides the first evidence that prophylactic genetic immunization can prevent the development of Chagas' disease.
Improved compression molding technology for continuous fiber reinforced composite laminates. Part 2: AS-4/Polyimidesulfone prepreg system (1991)

AS-4/polyimidesulfone (PISO2) composite prepreg was utilized for the improved compression molding technology investigation. This improved technique employed molding stops which advantageously facilitate the escape of volatile by-products during the B-stage curing step, and effectively minimize the neutralization of the consolidating pressure by intimate interply fiber-fiber contact within the laminate in the subsequent molding cycle. Without the modifying the resin matrix properties, composite panels with both unidirectional and angled plies with outstanding C-scans and mechanical properties were successfully molded using moderate molding conditions, i.e., 660 F and 500 psi, using this technique. The size of the panels molded were up to 6.00 x 6.00 x 0.07 in. A consolidation theory was proposed for the understanding and advancement of the processing science. Processing parameters such as vacuum, pressure cycle design, prepreg quality, etc. were explored.
Protective capacity of vaccine candidates against dengue virus type 2 based on the capsid protein and the oligodeoxynucleotide 39M (2015)

Vaccine formulations of the chimeric DIIIC-2 protein with different ODNs displaying adjuvant capacity were tested in mice against dengue virus serotype 2. DIIIC-2 comprises domain III from the envelope protein fused to the N-terminal region of the capsid protein. One of the ODNs, named ODN 39M, combines CpG motifs described as immunostimulatory active in mice, monkeys and human cells. The ODN sequence determined the immune response pattern generated, since ODN 39M was the only ODN inducing a Th1 response similar to that induced by the viral infection in mice. Hence, ODN 39M was aggregated with either the capsid protein of dengue-2 (C-2) or the DIIIC-2 protein, and both formulations were adjuvanted in alum. Upon administration in two mice models and in non-human primates, both formulations induced protection after the viral challenge. This was the first demonstration of the protective capacity induced by the vaccine formulation 39M-DIIIC-2 in non-human primates and in transgenic mouse models which develop dengue-like clinical symptoms. Moreover, viremia levels were reduced in non-human primates with the 39M-C-2 formulation. This was the first evidence ever on the induction of a functional immune response against dengue virus by vaccination in non-human primates, regardless the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Moreover, this was the first work describing protection in monkeys with a formulation that is suitable for human use and combines recombinant proteins from dengue virus with alum. This research granted the 2014 Award of the Cuban National Academy of Sciences.
Pyrazole-Based Lactate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors with Optimized Cell Activity and Pharmacokinetic Properties (2020)

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate, with concomitant oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as the final step in the glycolytic pathway. Glycolysis plays an important role in the metabolic plasticity of cancer cells and has long been recognized as a potential therapeutic target. Thus, potent, selective inhibitors of LDH represent an attractive therapeutic approach. However, to date, pharmacological agents have failed to achieve significant target engagement <i>in vivo</i>, possibly because the protein is present in cells at very high concentrations. We report herein a lead optimization campaign focused on a pyrazole-based series of compounds, using structure-based design concepts, coupled with optimization of cellular potency, <i>in vitro</i> drug-target residence times, and <i>in vivo</i> PK properties, to identify first-in-class inhibitors that demonstrate LDH inhibition <i>in vivo</i>. The lead compounds, named <b>NCATS-SM1440</b> (<b>43</b>) and <b>NCATS-SM1441</b> (<b>52</b>), possess desirable attributes for further studying the effect of <i>in vivo</i> LDH inhibition.
Memory Ordering in Modern Microprocessors (2007)

Linux R ○ has supported a large number of SMP systems based on a variety of CPUs since the 2.0 kernel. Linux has done an excellent job of abstracting away differences among these CPUs, even in kernel code. One important difference is how CPUs allow memory accesses to be reordered in SMP systems. SMMP Hardware Memory accesses are among the slowest of a CPU’s operations, due to the fact that Moore’s law has increased CPU instruction performance at a much greater rate than it has increased memory performance. This difference in performance increase means that memory operations have been getting increasingly expensive compared to simple register-to-register instructions. Modern CPUs sport increasingly large caches in order to reduce the
Retinoid receptors and binding proteins (1992)

Retinoids, in particular all-trans retinoic acid (T-RA), are essential for normal development and homeostasis of vertebrates. Although many effects of retinoids, particularly with regard to teratogenicity, have been described in the literature, the mechanisms by which these simple signalling molecules work has only recently begun to be elucidated. We now recognize at least two classes of retinoid-binding proteins and two families of retinoid receptors. The ultimate interpretation of the retinoid signal within a given cell is probably the result of a complex series of interactions between these proteins, yet little is understood concerning the role each member of this signalling pathway plays. It is therefore imperative to dissect the molecular mechanisms which transduce the effects of these ligands, both in vivo and in isolated systems. One approach we are employing is gene targeting of retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and cellular retinoid-binding proteins to generate mice in which one or more of these genes has been functionally inactivated.
A humidity integrated building thermal model (2016)

A building thermal simulation model is proposed in this paper to predict temperature and humidity for short term response under varying environment inputs. This model is composite of a thermal circuit model to predict zone temperature and a enhanced BRE admittance model to predict zone humidity. Various environment factors such as weather, human activity, radiation, moisture absorption/desorption, ventilation, and condensation are considered. The training and prediction procedures are accelerated with approximations. In both laboratory and field tests, the model shows good performance on temperature and humidity estimation. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that a grey-box building thermal model can provide accurate humidity prediction with time step as short as 5 minutes.
Genetically engineered acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria by bacteriophage transduction (1989)

A bacteriophage capable of infecting acidophilic heterotrophic bacteria and processes for genetically engineering acidophilic bacteria for biomining or sulfur removal from coal are disclosed. The bacteriophage is capable of growth in cells existing at pH at or below 3.0. Lytic forms of the phage introduced into areas experiencing acid drainage kill the bacteria causing such drainage. Lysogenic forms of the phage having genes for selective removal of metallic or nonmetallic elements can be introduced into acidophilic bacteria to effect removal of the desired element from ore or coal. 1 fig., 1 tab.
Connected fermat spirals for layered fabrication (2016)

We develop a new kind of "space-filling" curves, connected Fermat spirals , and show their compelling properties as a tool path fill pattern for layered fabrication. Unlike classical space-filling curves such as the Peano or Hilbert curves, which constantly wind and bind to preserve locality, connected Fermat spirals are formed mostly by long, low-curvature paths. This geometric property, along with continuity, influences the quality and efficiency of layered fabrication. Given a connected 2D region, we first decompose it into a set of sub-regions, each of which can be filled with a single continuous Fermat spiral. We show that it is always possible to start and end a Fermat spiral fill at approximately the same location on the outer boundary of the filled region. This special property allows the Fermat spiral fills to be joined systematically along a graph traversal of the decomposed sub-regions. The result is a globally continuous curve. We demonstrate that printing 2D layers following tool paths as connected Fermat spirals leads to efficient and quality fabrication, compared to conventional fill patterns.
Disposable high pressure peristaltic micro pump for standalone and on-chip applications (2016)

A novel disposable high pressure peristaltic micro pump has been developed, which allows a precise dosing of single volumes in the nanoliter range. The tube is integrated into a single use cartridge, which offers numerous advantages. A high pressure can be generated, while a small internal volume gives opportunity to handle expensive or rare fluids. Its small size allows the implementation into biochips or micro fluidic systems. The standalone solution can be connected to semi flexible tubes or pipes. The fluidic properties of the pump and the achievable maximum pressure have been determined. The fatigue resistance of the cartridge has been verified. Its simple structure offers the potential for mass production.
ω‐Fluoromethyl Analogues of ω‐Amino Acids as Irreversible Inhibitors of 4‐Aminobutyrate: 2‐ Oxoglutarate Aminotransferase (1981)

omega-Monofluoromethyl and omega-difluoromethyl analogues of the known substrates of GABA-T, beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and 5-aminopentanoic acid, are time-dependent inhibitors of purified 4-aminobutyrate: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GABA-T). The inhibitory activity decreases with increasing chain length. In vitro, inhibitory activity decreases with increasing fluorine substitution of the methyl group. In vivo, beta-difluoromethyl-beta-alanine and 2,4-difluoro-3-aminobutyric acid are the most potent GABA-T inhibitors ever reported. Trifluoromethyl derivatives are devoid of GABA-T inhibitory activity in vitro or in vivo.
Effect of Liquid Metal Coating on Improved Cycle Performance of Anode-Free Lithium Metal Battery (2022)

Although Li-ion battery is one of the most widely used energy storage devices, there have been extensive efforts to push its limit to meet the ever increasing demands to increase its energy density for applications such as electric vehicles, portable electronics, and grid storages. Here, lithium metal anode plays a key role in the next generation energy storage devices, ultimately enabling the anode-free configuration. However, there are major challenges that need to be overcome. These include low Coulombic efficiency and the formation of dendrites. In this work, we adopted gallium-based liquid metal (LM) as a coating layer on a copper current collector to uniformly deposit lithium to prevent the dendrite formation and improve the cycle efficiency. The LM coating effectively improved the cycle performance in the anode-free configuration combined with Li(Ni,Co,Mn)O 2 cathode. The effect of the LM coating was confirmed by in situ transmission electron microscopy and optical microscopy observations. LM reduced the charge/discharge overpotentials with its high affinity with lithium. It also contributed to decompose the dendritic lithium in the discharge process reducing the dead lithium disconnected from the current collector.
Fiber gratings strain sensor systems for composites and adhesive joints (2017)

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and other fiber optic based sensors have been used to sense environmental parameters for numerous applications including aerospace, oil and gas, civil structure health monitoring, mining, and medical. There are many benefits to using fiber optic based sensors over traditional electrical sensing methods. These advantages include: immunity to electromagnetic interference, high bandwidth, low loss, small, lightweight, and portability. New developments allow these physical measurements such as strain, temperature, pressure, vibration, and acoustics to be made at extremely fast speeds extending the capability of fiber optic sensor systems to monitor impacts and other rapid events.
Deagglomeration of Rice Starch-Protein Aggregates by High-Pressure Homogenization (2002)

Starch-protein agglomerates of rice are physically disrupted in presence of water by use of a high pressure homogenizer called microfluidizer® followed by density based separation. Rice flour slurry at concentrations of 22, 32 and 36 % was passed twice through the microfluidizer to determine optimum concentration and recycling conditions. It was determined that 32 % slurry and two passes were optimum but the optimum pressure was 10.0 × 104 kPa for non-waxy rice flour and 6.2 × 104 kPa for waxy flour. These conditions yielded low-protein starch with starch damage of 5.3%, 99.9% particles with size less than 10 μm, starch recovery of 72% and 2.7% protein in starch for non-waxy starch. The same parameters were 6.1%, 99.0%, 76% and 3.3% for waxy starch. The peak, minimum, breakdown, final and setback viscosity was 237.8, 115.2, 122.6, 145.1, 29.9 and 68.2 RVU for low-protein waxy rice starch and 223.4, 140.2, 83.2, 258.6 and 118.4 RVU for non-waxy low-protein rice starch, respectively. The pasting temperature was 68.7 °C for waxy and 81.33 °C for non-waxy low-protein rice starch. The solubility of protein increased with increasing concentration and number of passes, however, it decreased with increasing number of passes for waxy rice protein.
Non-scan design-for-testability of RT-level data paths (1994)

This paper presents a non-scan design-for-testability technique applicable to register-transfer (RT) level data path circuits, which are usually very hard-to-test due to the presence of complex loop structures. We develop a new testability measure, and utilize the RT-level structure of the data path, for cost-effective re-design of the circuit to make it easily testable, without having to either scan any flip-flop or breakloops directly. The non-scan DFT technique was applied to several data path circuits. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of producing non-scan testable data paths, which can be tested at-speed. The hardware overhead and the test application time required for the non-scan designs is significantly lower than the corresponding partial scan designs.
Analysis of interleukin 6 receptor and gp130 expressions and proliferative capability of human CD34+ cells. (1996)

We recently demonstrated that stimulation of gp130 by a combination of soluble interleukin 6 receptor (sIL-6R) and IL-6 but not IL-6 alone significantly stimulates the ex vivo expansion of primitive hematopoietic progenitors and the generation of erythroid cells from human CD34+ cells in the presence of stem cell factor (SCF). Here, we show that gp130 is found low positively on most CD34+ cells, whereas IL-6R is expressed on only 30-50% of these cells. Although most of the colonies generated from FACS-sorted CD34+IL-6R+ cells were granulocyte/macrophage (GM) colonies, CD34+IL-6R- cells gave rise to various types of colonies, including erythroid bursts, GM, megakaryocytes, and mixed colonies in methylcellulose culture with a combination of IL-6, sIL-6R, and SCF. Similar results were obtained in culture supplemented with a combination of IL-3, IL-6, SCF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, erythropoietin, and thrombopoietin. A limiting dilution analysis of long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC) showed that the CD34+IL-6R- cells contained a larger number of LTC-IC than did the CD34+IL-6R+ cells. In a serum-free suspension of CD34+IL-6R- cells, the addition of sIL-6R to the combination of IL-6 and SCF dramatically increased the total and multipotential progenitors, whereas CD34+IL-6R+ cells failed to do so under the same conditions. These results indicate that most of the erythroid, megakaryocytic, and primitive human hematopoietic progenitors are included in the IL-6R- populations, and the activation of gp130 on these progenitors can be achieved by a complex of IL-6-sIL-6R, but not by IL-6 alone. The present culture system using IL-6, sIL-6R, and SCF may provide a novel approach for ex vivo expansion of human primitive hematopoietic progenitors.