gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen Electrooxidation in Ionic Liquids Catalyzed by the NTf<sub>2</sub> Radical (2017)

Hydrogen electrooxidation via a "hydrogen abstraction" mechanism in an aprotic ionic liquid 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) [Bmpy][NTf<sub>2</sub>] under anaerobic conditions was investigated using cyclic voltammetry and density functional theory (DFT). It is found that a platinum bound NTf<sub>2</sub> radical (NTf<sub>2</sub><sup>•</sup>) formed by the oxidation of NTf<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> at anodic potential can catalyze the oxidation of hydrogen and enhance its reaction rate. Both experimental and theoretical studies (DFT) have supported a mechanism involving a NTf<sub>2</sub><sup>•</sup> radical intermediate that catalyzes the hydrogen redox processes.
Excitation-wavelength Dependent Fluorescence of Ethyl 5-(4-aminophenyl)-3-amino-2,4-dicyanobenzoate (2010)

The excitation wavelength dependence of the steady-state and time-resolved emission spectra of ethyl 5-(4-aminophenyl)-3-amino-2,4-dicyanobenzoate (EAADCy) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at room temperature has been examined. It is found that the ratio of the fluorescence intensity of the long-wavelength and short-wavelength fluorescence bands strongly depends on the excitation wavelength, whereas the wavelengths of the fluorescence excitation and fluorescence bands maxima are independent on the observation/excitation wavelengths. The dynamic Stokes shift of fluorophore in locally excited (LE) and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) states has been studied with a time resolution about 30 ps. The difference between Stokes shift in the LE and ICT states was attributed to the solvent response to the large photoinduced dipole moment of EAADCy in the fluorescent charge transfer state. On this base we can state that, the relaxation of the polar solvent molecules around the fluorophore was observed.
Sample presentation, sources of error and future perspectives on the application of vibrational spectroscopy in the wine industry (2014)

Vibrational spectroscopy encompasses a number of techniques and methods including ultra-violet, visible, Fourier transform infrared or mid infrared, near infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The use and application of spectroscopy generates spectra containing hundreds of variables (absorbances at each wavenumbers or wavelengths), resulting in the production of large data sets representing the chemical and biochemical wine fingerprint. Multivariate data analysis techniques are then required to handle the large amount of data generated in order to interpret the spectra in a meaningful way in order to develop a specific application. This paper focuses on the developments of sample presentation and main sources of error when vibrational spectroscopy methods are applied in wine analysis. Recent and novel applications will be discussed as examples of these developments.
Patterns of abnormal binocular fixation in a symptom free subject with a well controlled exophoria (2001)

A case history is presented that illustrates six different patterns of binocular fixation in a symptom free subject with a moderate exophoria or convergence weakness type, following a vergence eye movement. This 19 year old student showed normal vergence resulting in binocular fixation, but also showed an insufficient vergence response, two types of saccadic responses, an unequal vergence response, and a response where one eye converged for near fixation while the other eye remained fixing for distance. Similar responses to these have been described by others in apparently normal subjects, who may represent a symptom free group able to make ready sensory adaptations to abnormal binocular fixation. Alternatively, the lack of diplopia in the presence of significant retinal disparity may be the result of a normal form of visual suppression that occurs briefly during, and just following a vergence eye movement, similar to that which occurs during a saccade. (author abstract)
Real-time parameter identification applied to flight simulation (1993)

In-flight simulations are normally accomplished using model-following control laws which depend on accurate knowledge of the stability derivatives of the host aircraft. Degraded simulation results if the stability derivatives deviate considerably from their presumed values. Gain scheduling is often used to compensate for plant parameter variations, but this form of open-loop compensation usually requires extensive flight testing for proper fine tuning. An adaptive, fast-sampling control law to compensate for changing aircraft parameters is described. The step-response matrix required for implementation is identified recursively using a technique which does not need special test signals, and which automatically discounts old data depending on the input excitation detected. Tracking fidelity is maintained despite parameter changes which occur abruptly or slowly, and actuator position and rate limiting are discussed. The performance of the resulting system is excellent and demonstrates the relative advantages of adaptive controllers for in-flight simulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Therapeutic targeting of angiotensin II receptor type 1 to regulate androgen receptor in prostate cancer (2012)

These data provide a new concept that ARBs are promising potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents for prostate cancer.
CCR5, CXCR4, and CD4 Are Clustered and Closely Apposed on Microvilli of Human Macrophages and T Cells (2001)

The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 act synergistically with CD4 in an ordered multistep mechanism to allow the binding and entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The efficiency of such a coordinated mechanism depends on the spatial distribution of the participating molecules on the cell surface. Immunoelectron microscopy was performed to address the subcellular localization of the chemokine receptors and CD4 at high resolution. Cells were fixed, cryoprocessed, and frozen; 80-nm cryosections were double labeled with combinations of CCR5, CXCR4, and CD4 antibodies and then stained with immunogold. Surprisingly, CCR5, CXCR4, and CD4 were found predominantly on microvilli and appeared to form homogeneous microclusters in all cell types examined, including macrophages and T cells. Further, while mixed microclusters were not observed, homogeneous microclusters of CD4 and the chemokine receptors were frequently separated by distances less than the diameter of an HIV-1 virion. Such distributions are likely to facilitate cooperative interactions with HIV-1 during virus adsorption to and penetration of human leukocytes and have significant implications for development of therapeutically useful inhibitors of the entry process. Although the mechanism underlying clustering is not understood, clusters were observed in small trans-Golgi vesicles, implying that they were organized shortly after synthesis and well before insertion into the cellular membrane. Chemokine receptors normally act as sensors, detecting concentration gradients of their ligands and thus providing directional information for cellular migration during both normal homeostasis and inflammatory responses. Localization of these sensors on the microvilli should enable more precise monitoring of their environment, improving efficiency of the chemotactic process. Moreover, since selectins, some integrins, and actin are also located on or in the microvillus, this organelle has many of the major elements required for chemotaxis.
A metabolic pathway leading to mannosylfructose biosynthesis in <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> uncovers a family of mannosyltransferases (2007)

A metabolic pathway for biosynthesis of the nonreducing disaccharide mannosylfructose (beta-fructofuranosyl-alpha-mannopyranoside), an important osmolyte in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, was discovered. We have identified and functionally characterized two ORFs that correspond to genes (named mfpsA and mfppA) encoding the rare enzymes mannosylfructose-phosphate synthase and mannosylfructose-phosphate phosphatase, an associated phosphohydrolase. The mfpsA and mfppA genes are arranged in an operon structure, whose transcription is up-regulated by NaCl, resulting in the accumulation of mannosylfructose in the cells. Not only is the biosynthesis of mannosylfructose mechanistically similar to that of sucrose, but the corresponding genes for the biosynthesis of both disaccharides are also phylogenetic close relatives. Importantly, a protein phylogeny analysis indicated that mannosylfructose-phosphate synthase defines a unique group of mannosyltransferases.
Exploiting Relational Information in Social Networks using Geometric Deep Learning on Hypergraphs (2018)

Online social networks are constituted by a diverse set of entities including users, images and posts which makes the task of predicting interdependencies between entities challenging. We need a model that transfers information from a given type of relations between entities to predict other types of relations, irrespective of the type of entity. In order to devise a generic framework, one needs to capture the relational information between entities without any entity dependent information. However, there are two challenges: (a) a social network has an intrinsic community structure. In these communities, some relations are much more complicated than pairwise relations, thus cannot be simply modeled by a graph; (b) there are different types of entities and relations in a social network, taking into account all of them makes it difficult to formulate a model. In this paper, we claim that representing social networks using hypergraphs improves the task of predicting missing information about an entity by capturing higher-order relations. We study the behavior of our method by performing experiments on CLEF dataset consisting of images from Flickr, an online photo sharing social network.
Aggressive Multimodal Approach for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer and Long-Term Survival (2013)

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) comprises 1-2% of all thyroid cancers and is one of the most aggressive cancers with a median survival rate of around four months. The average 5-year survival rate has been reported to be around 3.6%. In this paper, we have discussed management and prognostic variables of a patient with ATC who has survived for more than 5 years. A 59-year-old female was referred to our facility for an elective thyroid and parathyroidectomy for concerns of thyroid papillary cancer and hyperparathyroidism. At the time of surgery, the tumor mass had invaded the muscular layer of esophagus; radicle thyroidectomy parathyroidectomy along with removal of muscle layer of esophagus was performed, and diagnosis of ATC was made. The patient was treated with chemoradiation with a good treatment response and no recurrence of tumor for two and a half years until PET/CT followed by wedge biopsy of lung confirmed ATC recurrence. The patient was treated with another course of radiation treatment with a good treatment response. Since then, the patient has been following in our outpatient oncology clinic and has no evidence of tumor recurrence. Aggressive multimodal approach of combining radicle surgery with chemoradiation treatment in select patients of ATC with no distant metastasis helps improve prognosis.
Iliopsoas Compartment Disorders: CT and MRI Studies (1993)

Between August 1988 and July 1992, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of pathologies involving the iliopsoas compartment were retrospectively reviewed in a total of 52 patients, including 30 tumors, 10 abscesses, 10 hematomas, 1 urinoma and 1 extradural arachnoid cyst. Pathophysiologically, the iliopsoas disorders could be divided into 3 categories: 1. lesions intrinsic to the iliopsoas compartment, 2. lesions originating in the spinal column or sacroiliac joint, or 3. lesions originating in the nearby retroperitoneal structures. More often the iliopsoas compartment acts only as a conduit for the spread of disease. Primary disorders were rare in our experience. CT is proven to be sufficient enough in lesion identification and localization. Only two cases escaped CT detection in our series. Of 9 patients in whom correlative MR imaging and CT studies were available. MR imaging was judged to be superior to CT in tissue differentiation in 3, in definition of disease extent in 4 and in detection of bone marrow or major vessels involvement in 5. MR imaging is thus suggested to be useful as an adjunct of CT in studying the iliopsoas compartment, especially with disorders closely related to the major vessels or spinal column.
The Normal Inverse Gaussian Distribution and the Pricing of Derivatives (2009)

<i>The authors propose the class of normal inverse gaussian (NIG) distributions to approximate an unknown risk-neutral density. The appeal of the NIG class of distributions is that it is characterized by the first four moments: mean, variance, skewness, and kurtosis. These are the moments that are important to many risk management applications. One strength of this approach is that the authors link the pricing of individual derivatives to the moments of the risk-neutral distribution, which has an intuitive appeal in terms of how volatility, skewness, and kurtosis of the risk-neutral distribution can explain the behavior of derivative prices. The authors provide numerical and empirical evidence showing appealing features of their approach, notably its superior performance compared to the existing methods.</i> <b>TOPICS:</b>Derivatives, VAR and use of alternative risk measures of trading risk
Microsoft Project 2010 Step by Step (2010)

Experience learning made easy-and quickly teach yourself how to manage your projects with Project 2010. With Step By Step, you set the pace-building and practicing the skills you need, just when you need them! Topics include building a project plan and fine-tuning the details; scheduling tasks, assigning resources, and managing dependencies; monitoring progress and costs; keeping projects on track; communicating project data through Gantt charts and other views; and exploring enterprise project management systems. From Inside the Book:
Estimates for the sensitivity and false‐positive rates for second trimester serum screening for Down syndrome and trisomy 18 with adjustment for cross‐identification and double‐positive results (2001)

Second trimester screening for fetal Down syndrome and trisomy 18 is available through separate protocols that combine the maternal age-specific risk and the analysis of maternal serum markers. We have determined the extent to which additional Down syndrome affected pregnancies may be identified through trisomy 18 screening, and the extent to which additional cases of trisomy 18 may be screen-positive for Down syndrome. The combined false-positive rate, taking into consideration those pregnancies that are screen-positive by both protocols, has also been determined. Sensitivity and false-positive rates were determined by computer simulation of results that incorporated previously published statistical variables into the model. Using second trimester risk cut-offs of 1:270 for Down syndrome and 1:100 for trisomy 18, it was found that few additional cases of Down syndrome are identified through trisomy 18 screening. However, approximately 6–10% of trisomy 18 affected pregnancies will be screen-positive for Down syndrome but screen-negative for trisomy 18. For women aged 40 or more, the false-positive rate for trisomy 18 exceeds 1% and approximately half of these cases will also be screen-positive for Down syndrome. For a population with maternal ages equivalent to that in the United States in 1998, after adjusting for the cross-identification, the sensitivity for three-analyte trisomy 18 screening is 78%. If this testing is performed in conjunction with Down syndrome ‘triple’ screening, the Down syndrome sensitivity is 75% and the combined false-positive rate is 8.5%. If the three-analyte trisomy 18 screening is performed with the Down syndrome ‘quad’ screen, the trisomy 18 sensitivity remains at 78%, the Down syndrome sensitivity is 79%, and combined false-positive rate is 7.5%. Sensitivity and false-positive rates are also provided for other widely used Down syndrome and trisomy 18 risk cut-offs. Sensitivity and false-positive rates that take into consideration cross-identification and double-positives should be helpful for pre-test counseling and the evaluation of serum screening programs. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Predicting Drug–Target Interactions Using Probabilistic Matrix Factorization (2013)

Quantitative analysis of known drug-target interactions emerged in recent years as a useful approach for drug repurposing and assessing side effects. In the present study, we present a method that uses probabilistic matrix factorization (PMF) for this purpose, which is particularly useful for analyzing large interaction networks. DrugBank drugs clustered based on PMF latent variables show phenotypic similarity even in the absence of 3D shape similarity. Benchmarking computations show that the method outperforms those recently introduced provided that the input data set of known interactions is sufficiently large--which is the case for enzymes and ion channels, but not for G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and nuclear receptors. Runs performed on DrugBank after hiding 70% of known interactions show that, on average, 88 of the top 100 predictions hit the hidden interactions. De novo predictions permit us to identify new potential interactions. Drug-target pairs implicated in neurobiological disorders are overrepresented among de novo predictions.
Modeling Photoacoustic Efficiency during Erbium Laser Endodontics (2013)

A simple phenomenological model of the efficiency of photoacoustic transients encountered in Erbium laser endodontics is presented. The model provides a relationship between the optodynamic energy conversion efficiency and the laser pulse duration and energy that can be used to optimize laser endodontics protocols. The mechanical energy of the laser-generated vapor bubbles within the endodontic irrigant is found to be proportional to the square of the laser pulse energy, and is inversely proportional to the cube of the thickness of the thermally affected layer of the endodontic irrigant. With conical tips, the optodynamic (OD) energy conversion efficiency is five times higher in comparison to when flat tips are used. It is demonstrated that the critical parameter for achieving efficient debridement of root canal systems is the Erbium laser pulse duration. Based on the phenomenological model, laser endodontics with an Er:YAG (SSP mode) laser will produce at least a three-times-higher energy of photoacoustic transients within a root canal system than an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (H mode) with the same pulse energy.
Durable infrared optical coatings based on pulsed DC-sputtering of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) (2020)

Optical properties of low-temperature pulsed DC-sputter deposited ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>≤</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>70</mml:mn> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo>°</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> ) hydrogenated carbon are presented. Increasing hydrogen incorporation into the sputter deposited carbon significantly decreases infrared optical absorption due to a decrease in deep absorptive states associated with dangling bonds. Hydrogen flow is optimized (hydrogen flow 3 sccm), achieving the best compromise between increased infrared transmittance and hardness for durable coating performance. Optical, environmental, and durability performance of pulsed DC-sputtered carbon incorporated in multilayer (a-C:H/Ge) infrared antireflective coatings indicates suitability as a durable infrared optical coating for commonly used infrared substrates, including temperature sensitive chalcogenide glass.
Serotonin, food intake, and obesity (2021)

The role of serotonin in food intake has been studied for decades. Food intake is mainly regulated by two brain circuitries: (i) the homeostatic circuitry, which matches energy intake to energy expenditure, and (ii) the hedonic circuitry, which is involved in rewarding and motivational aspects of energy consumption. In the homeostatic circuitry, serotonergic signaling contributes to the integration of metabolic signals that convey the body's energy status and facilitates the ability to suppress food intake when homeostatic needs have been met. In the hedonic circuitry, serotonergic signaling may reduce reward-related, motivational food consumption. In contrast, peripherally acting serotonin promotes energy absorption and storage. Disturbed serotonergic signaling is associated with obesity, emphasizing the importance to understand the role of serotonergic signaling in food intake. However, unraveling the serotonin-mediated regulation of food intake is complex, as the effects of serotonergic signaling in different brain regions depend on the regional expression of serotonin receptor subtypes and downstream effects via connections to other brain regions. We therefore provide an overview of the effects of serotonergic signaling in brain regions of the homeostatic and hedonic regulatory systems on food intake. Furthermore, we discuss the disturbances in serotonergic signaling in obesity and its potential therapeutic implications.
Asymmetric synthesis of (+)-hirsutene (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAsymmetric synthesis of (+)-hirsuteneDuy H. Hua, S. Venkataraman, Robert A. Ostrander, Gurudas Z. Sinai, Peggy J. McCann, M. Jo Coulter, and Min Ren XuCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 3, 507–515Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00238a007https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00238a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1691Altmetric-Citations48LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
C.vmp : the analysis, architecture and implementation of a fault tolerant multiprocessor (2018)

Computer Science Department
Session Description Protocol Elements for the Forward Error Correction (FEC) Framework (2011)

This document specifies the use of the Session Description Protocol (SDP) to describe the parameters required to signal the Forward Error Correction (FEC) Framework Configuration Information between the sender(s) and receiver(s).This document also provides examples that show the semantics for grouping multiple source and repair flows together for the applications that simultaneously use multiple instances of the FEC Framework.