gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A review of 3D first-pass, whole-heart, myocardial perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (2015)

A comprehensive review is undertaken of the methods available for 3D whole-heart first-pass perfusion (FPP) and their application to date, with particular focus on possible acceleration techniques. Following a summary of the parameters typically desired of 3D FPP methods, the review explains the mechanisms of key acceleration techniques and their potential use in FPP for attaining 3D acquisitions. The mechanisms include rapid sequences, non-Cartesian k-space trajectories, reduced k-space acquisitions, parallel imaging reconstructions and compressed sensing. An attempt is made to explain, rather than simply state, the varying methods with the hope that it will give an appreciation of the different components making up a 3D FPP protocol. Basic estimates demonstrating the required total acceleration factors in typical 3D FPP cases are included, providing context for the extent that each acceleration method can contribute to the required imaging speed, as well as potential limitations in present 3D FPP literature. Although many 3D FPP methods are too early in development for the type of clinical trials required to show any clear benefit over current 2D FPP methods, the review includes the small but growing quantity of clinical research work already using 3D FPP, alongside the more technical work. Broader challenges concerning FPP such as quantitative analysis are not covered, but challenges with particular impact on 3D FPP methods, particularly with regards to motion effects, are discussed along with anticipated future work in the field.
Results from AMBER, a randomized phase 2 study of bevacizumab and bortezomib versus bortezomib in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (2012)

The addition of bevacizumab to bortezomib in unselected patients with pretreated multiple myeloma did not result in significant improvements in efficacy outcomes. The combination was well tolerated, and no new safety concerns for either agent were identified.
Design of logic-compatible embedded DRAM using gain memory cell (2012)

In this work, we present an embedded DRAM utilizing logic-compatible 2T gain cell. The memory cells are composed of a high-V <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TH</inf> write NMOS and a standard read NMOS. Due to the combination of low off-leakage write device and high mobility read device, this NMOS-based hybrid gain cell provides much improved data retention and read performance. At 1.2 V and 85 °C, the proposed bit-cell achieves 1.1× longer standby retention and 4.4× longer write disturbance retention compared to the PMOS-only 2T cell. The memory arrays operate with a logic-compatible supply voltage; /CS controlled 128-row refresh; and nondestructive read with speed comparable to 6T SRAM but 65 % smaller cell area. Design results from a test chip in a 130 nm logic CMOS technology exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed embedded memory techniques.
Thermal and fire studies on polystyrene–clay nanocomposites (2000)

Nanocomposites of polystyrene and several organophilic clays have been prepared by a bulk polymerization technique. The resulting polymers have an intercalated structure and show enhanced thermal stability, as measured by thermogravimetric analysis and cone calorimetry, relative to virgin polystyrene, even when as little as 0.1% of clay has been added. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry
Measurements of nasal transepithelial electric potential differences in normal human subjects in vivo. (1981)

Nasal transepithelial electrical potential difference (PD) was estimated in vivo in normal human subjects. The PD between a bridge perfused with Ringer's solution placed on the nasal mucosal surface and a reference electrode in a subcutaneous space was recorded. The magnitude of the PD depended upon the region of the nasal cavity touched by the exploring bridge. The PD values ranged from -4 mV (lumen negative) on the anterior tip of the inferior turbinate to approximately -30 mV on the inferior surface of the turbinate. Biopsies of the anterior turbinate were characterized by squamous epithelial cells, whereas ciliated cells dominated the epithelium from regions of higher PD. Epithelial abrasion abolished PD. No differences in PD were noted between the left and right nasal cavities, and repetitive measurements of PD at the same site yielded comparable values. No differences in nasal PD were noted between young male or female subjects but PD declined as a function of age. Amiloride (10(-4)M) and lidocaine (10(-1)M) reduced PD (-59% and -30%, respectively), whereas amphotericin B (5 X 10(-5)M) raised PD (+29%). We concluded that nasal PD can be accurately measured in vivo in humans, and that measurements of nasal bioelectric properties may serve as a relatively noninvasive index of respiratory epithelial function.
Diazido(1,4,7-tribenzyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-κ<sup>3</sup><i>N</i>)copper(II) (2006)

In the title compound, [Cu(N3)2(C27H33N3)], the copper(II) atom is coordinated by five N atoms from the 1,4,7-tribenzyl-1,4,7-triaza­cyclo­nonane ligand and the azide ions in a slightly distorted square-pyramidal geometry.
Oncogene Transformation of PC Cl3 Clonal Thyroid Cell Line Induces an Autonomous Pattern of Proliferation That Correlates with a Loss of Basal and Stimulated Phosphotyrosine Phosphatase Activity (1997)

The effects of the stable expression of E1A and/or middle T oncogenes on the proliferative activity of PC Cl3 normal thyroid cells are reported. The proliferation of PC Cl3 cells is mainly regulated by insulin and TSH in a stimulatory way and by somatostatin in an inhibitory fashion. The transformed cell lines, named PC Py and PC E1A Py, show an autonomous pattern of proliferation. The blockade of phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity with vanadate increased the proliferation rate of PC Cl3 under basal and stimulated conditions and completely prevented the inhibitory activity of somatostatin, suggesting that in PC Cl3 cells, a tonic tyrosine phosphatase activity regulates basal and stimulated proliferation, and that a somatostatin-dependent increase in this activity may represent a cytostatic signal. Conversely, in both PC Py and PC E1A Py, vanadate did not modify basal and stimulated proliferation. We analyzed tyrosine phosphatase activity in the different cell lines basally and under conditions leading to the arrest of cell proliferation: confluence (contact inhibition), growth factor deprivation (starvation), and somatostatin treatment. Under basal conditions, tyrosine phosphatase activity was significantly lower in PC Py and PC E1APy cell lines than that in the normal cells. The inhibition of the proliferation induced by contact inhibition or somatostatin treatment was accompanied by an increase in tyrosine phosphatase activity only in PC Cl3 cells. The reduction in tyrosine phosphatase activity in PC E1APy cells correlated with a significant reduction in the expression of R-PTPη, a tyrosine phosphatase cloned from PC Cl3 cells. Conversely, the expression of another receptor-like PTP, PTPμ, was unchanged. Thus, PTPη may be a candidate to mediate inhibitory signals (i.e. activation of somatostatin receptors or cell to cell contact) on the proliferative activity of PC Cl3 cells, and the reduction of its expression in the transformed cell lines may lead to an alteration in the control of cell proliferation.
Study of liquid crystal materials for storage-type LCDs driven by C-MOS LSIs (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStudy of liquid crystal materials for storage-type LCDs driven by C-MOS LSIsAkihiro Mochizuki, Kazuhiro Saito, Kasumi Ikegami, Toshiaki Narusawa, and Hirofumi OkuyamaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1984, 23, 4, 609–612Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i300016a020https://doi.org/10.1021/i300016a020research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views92Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Improved design and performance analysis of a claw pole permanent SMC motor with sensorless brushless DC drive (2004)

This paper presents a three-phase claw pole permanent magnet soft magnetic composite motor, which was designed to take advantage of specific properties of the material. Parameter calculations by the finite element magnetic field analysis and performance prediction by the equivalent circuit are discussed. To verify the theory, a prototype motor was constructed and operated by a sensorless brushless dc drive scheme. The experiment results are reported and show good correlation with the theory.
Multilayer MMIC branch-line coupler and broad-side coupler (2003)

Very small, multilayer monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) couplers are proposed. Novel methods for size reduction, i.e., a quasi-lumped elements approach and a newly developed multilayer coupled-line structure, are also described. A 24-26-GHz-band branch-line coupler and a 20-30-GHz-band broadside coupler were implemented in very small areas of less than 0.4 mm*0.4 mm and 0.2 mm*0.2 mm, respectively. Both couplers used a meanderlike thin-film microstrip line configuration to achieve a drastic size reduction.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A hybrid algorithm of minimum spanning tree and nearest neighbor for classifying human cancers (2010)

Classification and prediction of different cancers based on gene expression profiles are important for cancer diagnosis, cancer treatment and medication discovery. The k nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN) is one easy and efficient machine learning method for cancer classification and the parameter k is crucial. In this paper, we integrate minimum spanning tree (MST) and k nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN) for cancer classification. The MST is designed for the selection of parameter k and the nearest neighbors for k-NN. Firstly we build a minimum spanning tree (MST) based on Euclidean distance between each two samples for gene expression data only including one unknown class sample. Secondly for unknown class sample in the gene expression data, we find the connected samples and then apply majority vote principle. Thirdly if there are tied votes then we expend the connected samples with the nearest neighbors for unknown class sample until all the samples are expended or the class for unknown sample is obtained. This hybrid algorithm is referred to as MSTNN. The hybrid algorithm MSTNN is compared with k-NN and other 3 existing classification algorithms on CNS dataset, Colon dataset and Lung dataset, 3 binary class gene expression datasets and 3 multi-class gene expression datasets: Leukemia1, Leukemia2, and Leukemia3 involving human cancers. The MSTNN algorithm improves 5.65% better than k-NN on average LOOCV accuracy and 13.80% better than k-NN on testing datasets classification average accuracy, and achieves the best performance in all the 5 algorithms. The results demonstrate that the proposed MSTNN algorithm is feasible to classify human cancers.
Methane Pyrolysis for CO<sub>2</sub>‐Free H<sub>2</sub> Production: A Green Process to Overcome Renewable Energies Unsteadiness (2020)

Abstract The Carbon2Chem® project aims to convert exhaust gases from the steel industry into chemicals such as methanol to reduce CO 2 emissions. Here, H 2 is required for the conversion of CO 2 into methanol. Although much effort is put to produce H 2 from renewables, the use of fossil fuels, especially natural gas, seems to be fundamental in the short term. For this reason, the development of clean technologies for the processing of natural gas with a low environmental impact has become a topic of utmost importance. In this context, methane pyrolysis has received special attention to produce CO 2 ‐free H 2 .
A hydrogen bond accepting (HBA) scale for anions, including room temperature ionic liquids (2008)

A hydrogen bond accepting (HBA) ability scale for anions of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) has been determined by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy and a solvatochromic UV/vis probe.
Reflected wave modeling techniques for PWM AC motor drives (2002)

Reflected wave transient voltages that are impressed on drive output cables and low voltage AC induction motors are simulated with an excitation source of steep fronted d/spl nu//dt pulse waveforms from a pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage source inverter. Motivation for system simulation arises from a need to correlate reflected wave peak voltage and risetime with the dielectric insulation capability of both motor and cable. Simulations based on an accurate system model also allow investigation into the effects of changing wire gauge, motor HP, cable distance or addition of drive output filters. System parameters of the inverter, cable and motor model are investigated in detail. Special emphasis is given to the importance of modeling cable skin and proximity effects. Simulation, measured lab and field results are compared. The main objective of the paper is to propose a reflected wave building block model that uses existing software on the market, is simple, computationally fast, easily configurable, reasonably accurate and allows investigation with wide variation of system parameters.
Transformation activity and the immunogenicity of a human papillomavirus type 16 variant E6E7 gene from cervical carcinoma biopsy in Shangdong province (2002)

Objective To develop a prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine against human papillomavirus type 16 associated cervical cancers. Methods HPV16 E6E7 genes from a Chinese were modified by site directed mutagenesis to create fused E6 and E7 coding sequences, and introduce a mutation at the Rb binding site; The fused and modified HPV16 E6E7 coding sequences named fmE6E7. HPV16-fmE6E7 genes amplified by PCR were inserted into pLNCX vector to generate pLNCX-fmE6E7 plasmids. Then transfected the immortal cell lines 3T3 with plasmids pLNCX-fmE6E7, selected with G418 to generated 3T3-fmE6E7 cell line. Transforming activity of fmE6E7 was assayed in vitro and in vivo. Results The nucleotide mutations were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing; 3T3-fmE6E7 cells showed strong nuclear and cytoplastic fluorescence. Western blotting analysis showed that an apparent molecular relative mass(M r) of 36×10 3 coordinated the predicted M r from the HPV16-fmE6E7. Tumorigenicity assay in nude mice showed that 3T3-fmE6E7 cells did not form colonies in soft agar and all of them were nontumorigenic in nude mice (0/3) for up to 2 months. The results indicated that the transforming activity of the fmE6E7 had been abolished. Intramuscular administration of pVR1012-fmE6E7 induced E7-specific antibodies. The CTLs from immunized mice were activated efficiously. Conclusion The fused and modified HPV16 E6E7 coding sequences from HPV16 variant of a Chinese were a potential target gene for the development of therapeutic DNA vaccine against HPV16, infection and associated cervical cancers.
Vascular endothelial growth factor–regulated ovarian cancer invasion and migration involves expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (2005)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is elevated in primary ovarian tumors and metastases. We examined the effect of VEGF on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in vitro invasion and migration and underlying mechanisms. Using the Matrigel invasion assay and colloidal gold phagokinetic track assay, we found that VEGF induced EOC DOV13 invasion and migration in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent manner. Using Western blotting, we show that VEGF, at 20-80 ng/ml, induced secretion of pro-MMP-7 and pro-MMP-9 and activation of pro-MMP-2 in DOV13 conditioned medium in a concentration-dependent manner. However, gelatinolytic activity and total MMP-7 protein in DOV13 conditioned medium reached the maximum upon VEGF treatment at 20-40 ng/ml and decreased at higher-concentration VEGF treatment (80 ng/ml), as shown by DQ-gelatin degradation assay and ELISA. In addition to the effect on MMP secretion/activation, VEGF stimulated secretion of TIMP-2; and blocking TIMP-2 activity by an anti-TIMP-2 MAb significantly increased VEGF (80 ng/ml)-induced DOV13 invasion (p < 0.05), suggesting that VEGF may regulate MMP-2 activity in DOV13 conditioned medium through TIMP-2. Using real-time PCR, we found that VEGF, at 20 ng/ml, significantly increased the expression of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 by approximately 4-fold and 31-fold, respectively, compared to untreated control (p < 0.05). However, the inducing effect of VEGF on VEGFR-2 expression and the internal expression of VEGF121 in DOV13 cells decreased with increasing of VEGF concentration, suggesting the existence of a negative feedback regulatory mechanism. In summary, our results indicate that VEGF may regulate EOC invasion and migration through VEGFR-mediated secretion and activation of MMPs.
Winding factors and magnetic fields in permanent magnet brushless machines with concentrated windings and modular stator cores (2013)

Removing some sections of the stator yoke in a permanent magnet brushless machine can be beneficial for reducing punching waste and simplifying motor manufacture. However in some cases, restricting the possible flux paths in this way will have a detrimental impact on the torque and air-gap harmonics. This paper discusses the potential implications of modular stator core arrangements and presents the air-gap flux density harmonics and winding factors for potential slot/pole combinations. FEA simulations are presented to support the analytical calculations. The analysis suggests that the performance reduction from using a modular stator is minimal when the number of slots and poles are similar but drops off substantially when this is not the case. A modular core stator will increase the MMF sub-harmonics due to the magnet field but can reduce the sub-harmonics due to the armature if a single layer winding is used. The effect of slotting is very similar for a modular and conventional core machine and FEA results match previously published analytical analyses.
A kinematic view of loop closure (2004)

We consider the problem of loop closure, i.e., of finding the ensemble of possible backbone structures of a chain segment of a protein molecule that is geometrically consistent with preceding and following parts of the chain whose structures are given. We reduce this problem of determining the loop conformations of six torsions to finding the real roots of a 16th degree polynomial in one variable, based on the robotics literature on the kinematics of the equivalent rotator linkage in the most general case of oblique rotators. We provide a simple intuitive view and derivation of the polynomial for the case in which each of the three pair of torsional axes has a common point. Our method generalizes previous work on analytical loop closure in that the torsion angles need not be consecutive, and any rigid intervening segments are allowed between the free torsions. Our approach also allows for a small degree of flexibility in the bond angles and the peptide torsion angles; this substantially enlarges the space of solvable configurations as is demonstrated by an application of the method to the modeling of cyclic pentapeptides. We give further applications to two important problems. First, we show that this analytical loop closure algorithm can be efficiently combined with an existing loop-construction algorithm to sample loops longer than three residues. Second, we show that Monte Carlo minimization is made severalfold more efficient by employing the local moves generated by the loop closure algorithm, when applied to the global minimization of an eight-residue loop. Our loop closure algorithm is freely available at http://dillgroup. ucsf.edu/loop_closure/.
Teaching the Didactic Aspects of Ophthalmology and Dermatology Using an Off-Site Instructor (2005)

A shortage of veterinary educators in various clinical disciplines is requiring faculty at veterinary schools to develop novel approaches to teaching professional students a core of information in each major clinical discipline. This article presents experiences at Washington State University (WSU) College of Veterinary Medicine in the teaching of the didactic components of ophthalmology and dermatology over four years using pre-prepared lectures developed by off-site instructors. The methodology of lecture preparation and presentation and various perspectives of student satisfaction with this teaching/learning method are presented.
Yeast 5‐aminolevulinate synthase provides additional chlorophyll precursor in transgenic tobacco (1997)

Synthesis of the tetrapyrrole precursor 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) in plants starts with glutamate and is a tRNA-dependent pathway consisting of three enzymatic steps localized in plastids. In animals and yeast, ALA is formed in a single step from succinyl CoA and glycine by aminolevulinate synthase (ALA-S) in mitochondria. A gene encoding a fusion protein of yeast ALA-S with an aminoterminal transit sequence for the small subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase was introduced into the genome of wild-type tobacco and a chlorophyll-deficient transgenic line expressing glutamate 1-semi-aldehyde aminotransferase (GSA-AT) antisense RNA. Expression of ALA-S in the GSA-AT antisense transgenic line provided green-pigmented co-transformants similar to wild-type in chlorophyll content, while transformants derived from wild-type plants did not show phenotypical changes. The capacity to synthesize ALA and chlorophyll was increased in transformed plants, indicating a contribution of ALA-S to the ALA supply for chlorophyll synthesis. ALA-S activity was detected in plastids of the transformants. Preliminary evidence is presented that succinyl CoA, the substrate for ALA-S, can be synthesized and metabolized in plastids. The transgenic plants formed chlorophyll in the presence of gabaculine, an inhibitor of GSA-AT. Steady-state RNA and protein levels and consequently, the enzyme activity of GSA-AT were reduced in plants expressing ALA-S. In analogy to the light-dependent ALA synthesis attributed to feedback regulation, a mechanism at the level of intermediates or tetrapyrrole end-products is proposed, which co-ordinates the need for heme and chlorophyll precursors and restricts synthesis of ALA by regulating GSA-AT gene expression. The genetically engineered tobacco plants containing the yeast ALA-S activity demonstrate functional complementation of the catalytic activity of the plant ALA-synthesizing pathway and open strategies for producing tolerance against inhibitors of the C5 pathway.