gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Long life catalytic membrane reactors for spontaneous conversion of natural gas to synthesis gas (1997)

This program is focusing on the development of mixed ionic and electronic conducting materials based on the brown millerite structure for use in catalytic membrane reactors (CMRs). These CMRs are being evaluated for promoting the spontaneous and highly selective oxidative reforming of carbon dioxide / natural gas mixtures to synthesis gas.
Hybridoma-Derived Human Suppressor Factors: Differential Effects on Mouse Lymphocytes (1989)

We have recently identified a family of suppressor factors produced by certain human T-T cell hybridomas that we developed (references 1 and 2) and by the Jurkat T cell line. These suppressor factors significantly inhibited proliferative responses to mitogens and allogeneic cells in mixed lymphocyte culture and antibody production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We investigated and report here the effect of these suppressor factors on certain in vitro murine immune responses. Suppressor factors produced by certain of these hybrids, such as 153, 160, 170 and by the Jurkat T-cell line were able to inhibit: (1) proliferative responses to mitogens of mouse thymocytes and splenocytes; (2) proliferative responses of mouse splenocytes to allogeneic cells in mixed lymphocyte cultures; (3) primary in vitro antibody responses of mouse spleen lymphocytes to sheep erythrocytes; (4) primary in vitro antibody responses of mouse spleen lymphocytes to a T-cell independent antigen (TNP-Ficoll). Inhibition of murine immune responses in vitro by these suppressor factors was regular and reproducible and it was observed in a large number of experiments. In contrast, suppressor factors produced by the 169 and by the 77(38F3) hybrids did not suppress the murine immune responses. The basis for these differences are not known at the present. The ability of human suppressor factors to inhibit effectively mouse immune responses provides an additional opportunity for the characterization of the properties of these factors in vivo using mouse models of human disease.
Telephone network voice recognition and verification using selectively-adjustable signal thresholds (1995)

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Adaptive RF Notch Filter Using Photorefractive Two-Beam Coupling (1993)

We describe the operation of a photorefractive/acoustooptic system which performs adaptive notch filtering for RF signals using photorefractive two-beam coupling.
Comparison of different methods for extraction of DNA of fungal pathogens from cultures and blood (1997)

Five commercially available extraction kits and an in-house DNA extraction method for the release of DNA from Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger cells were assessed for sensitivity, purity, duration, and cost. All commercially available kits helped to shorten the duration of DNA extraction. However, the sensitivity varied from 1 to 1,000 fungal cells/ml and costs varied from $0.10 to 2.30. The QIAmp Tissue kit was the commercially available assay that yielded the same sensitivity and purity of fungal DNA release as the in-house protocol but was the most expensive method. In comparing these two extraction protocols, a 99% concordance of PCR results for 125 blood samples analyzed could be demonstrated.
Automatic Detection and Quantification of Acute Cerebral Infarct by Fuzzy Clustering and Histographic Characterization on Diffusion Weighted MR Imaging and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Map (2014)

Determination of the volumes of acute cerebral infarct in the magnetic resonance imaging harbors prognostic values. However, semiautomatic method of segmentation is time-consuming and with high interrater variability. Using diffusion weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient map from patients with acute infarction in 10 days, we aimed to develop a fully automatic algorithm to measure infarct volume. It includes an unsupervised classification with fuzzy C-means clustering determination of the histographic distribution, defining self-adjusted intensity thresholds. The proposed method attained high agreement with the semiautomatic method, with similarity index 89.9 ± 6.5%, in detecting cerebral infarct lesions from 22 acute stroke patients. We demonstrated the accuracy of the proposed computer-assisted prompt segmentation method, which appeared promising to replace the laborious, time-consuming, and operator-dependent semiautomatic segmentation.
Experimental demonstration of A2RAM memory cell on SOI (2012)

The A2RAM memory cell has been fabricated and its operation demonstrated experimentally for the first time. The retrograde P-N channel doping allows the separation of electrons and holes in very thin films. We have documented attractive performance in terms of current margin, retention time, variability and cell disturbance immunity without any additional source/drain implantation optimization compared to logic transistor integration.
Mithramycin SK, A Novel Antitumor Drug with Improved Therapeutic Index, Mithramycin SA, and Demycarosyl-mithramycin SK:  Three New Products Generated in the Mithramycin Producer <i>Streptomyces</i> <i>a</i> <i>rgillaceus</i> through Combinatorial Biosynthesis (2003)

To gain initial structure-activity relationships regarding the highly functionalized pentyl side chain attached at C-3 of mithramycin (MTM), we focused on a post-polyketide synthase (post-PKS) tailoring step of the MTM biosynthesis by Streptomyces argillaceus ATCC 12956, which was proposed to be catalyzed by ketoreductase (KR) MtmW. In this last step of the MTM biosynthesis, a keto group of the pentyl side chain is reduced to a secondary alcohol, and we anticipated the generation of an MTM derivative with an additional keto group in the 3-side chain. Insertional inactivation of mtmW, a gene located ca. 8 kb downstream of the mithramycin-PKS genes, yielded an S. argillaceus mutant, which accumulated three new mithramycin analogues, namely mithramycin SA, demycarosyl-mithramycin SK, and mithramycin SK (MTM-SK). The structures of these three compounds confirmed indirectly the proposed role of MtmW in MTM biosynthesis. However, the new mithramycin derivatives bear unexpectedly shorter 3-side chains (ethyl or butyl) than MTM, presumably caused by nonenzymatic rearrangement or cleavage reactions of the initially formed pentyl side chain with a reactive beta-dicarbonyl functional group. The major product, MTM-SK, was tested in vitro against a variety of human cancer cell lines, as well as in an in vitro toxicity assay, and showed an improved therapeutic index, in comparison to the parent drug, MTM.
Selective Kv1.3 channel blocker as therapeutic for obesity and insulin resistance (2013)

Obesity is an epidemic, calling for innovative and reliable pharmacological strategies. Here, we show that ShK-186, a selective and potent blocker of the voltage-gated Kv1.3 channel, counteracts the negative effects of increased caloric intake in mice fed a diet rich in fat and fructose. ShK-186 reduced weight gain, adiposity, and fatty liver; decreased blood levels of cholesterol, sugar, HbA1c, insulin, and leptin; and enhanced peripheral insulin sensitivity. These changes mimic the effects of Kv1.3 gene deletion. ShK-186 did not alter weight gain in mice on a chow diet, suggesting that the obesity-inducing diet enhances sensitivity to Kv1.3 blockade. Several mechanisms may contribute to the therapeutic benefits of ShK-186. ShK-186 therapy activated brown adipose tissue as evidenced by a doubling of glucose uptake, and increased β-oxidation of fatty acids, glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis, and uncoupling protein 1 expression. Activation of brown adipose tissue manifested as augmented oxygen consumption and energy expenditure, with no change in caloric intake, locomotor activity, or thyroid hormone levels. The obesity diet induced Kv1.3 expression in the liver, and ShK-186 caused profound alterations in energy and lipid metabolism in the liver. This action on the liver may underlie the differential effectiveness of ShK-186 in mice fed a chow vs. an obesity diet. Our results highlight the potential use of Kv1.3 blockers for the treatment of obesity and insulin resistance.
Monodisperse porphyrin nanospheres synthesized by coordination polymerization (2008)

Monodisperse nanospheres are formed by coordination polymerization tetrakis(4-pyridyl)porphyrin-metal complexes with chloroplatinic acid in aqueous solution. The porphyrin nanospheres and their platinized nanocomposites have potential applications in catalysis and solar energy conversion systems.
Double-evoked otoacoustic emissions. II. Intermittent noise rejection, calibration and ear-canal measurements (1998)

Measurements of double-click-evoked otoacoustics emissions (2CEOAEs) and double-chirp distortion products (2ChDPs) are reported for normal-hearing adults based upon theory presented in an earlier report [Keefe, J. Acoust, Soc. Am. 103, 3489-3498 (1998)]. The nonlinear acoustic response of a probe assembly used in ear-canal measurements in tested in a calibration cavity to compare the double-evoked (2E) technique with existing OAE techniques. The 2E technique reduces the peak distortion by approximately 30 dB relative to existing click-evoked techniques. The 2E subtraction of click responses is partially analogous to current techniques in that the linear response is eliminated, but differs in that high-frequency measurements are improved by eliminating time gating of the cochlear response, and low-frequency measurements are improved by reducing probe distortion, especially when two acoustic sources are used. Because time gating is eliminated, it is straightforward to measure the onset of a click-evoked OAE. The nonlinear coherence function is used to measure the nonlinear distortion signal-to-noise ratio (DNR) for the 2ChDPs and 2CEOAEs. The DNR is typically 20-30 dB. An intermittent noise rejection technique is implemented in real time that compares a currently acquired ear-canal response with a stored response. Dissimilar responses indicate the presence of intermittent noise, and the noise-contaminated responses are thereby discarded before ensemble averaging.
A new approach to welding and lamination of polyamides (1990)

Abstract An attempt is made to provide a simple and inexpensive method for the lamination of polyamides. A new application of a known reaction – methoxymethylation of polyamides – is proposed: creation of chemical bonds at the interfacial boundary between two contacting surfaces, i. e. welding and lamination of polymides. Commercial polyamide‐6 films are used in this study. As a result of the creation of methylene bridges between neighboring amide groups welding of the films takes place. After the pressing for 30 h of films coated in a methoxymethylation solution, the welding is so strong that during the mechanical tests, instead of delamination, breaking of the films outside the overlapped area occurs.
A novel system for road surface monitoring using an inexpensive infrared laser sensor (2012)

In this study, an inexpensive depth sensor is used to identify defects in pavements. This depth sensor consists of an infrared projector and camera. An innovative approach is proposed to interpret the data acquired by this sensor. The proposed system in this study is a breakthrough achievement for autonomous cost-effective condition assessment of roads and transportation systems. Various road conditions including patching, cracks, and potholes can be robustly and autonomously assessed using the proposed approach. Several field experiments have been carried out to evaluate the capabilities of this system. The field tests clearly demonstrate the superior features of the developed system in this study compared to conventional approaches for pavement evaluation.
Dual-Input Single-Resonant Tank LLC Converter with Phase Shift Control for PV Applications (2018)

This paper proposes a dual-input LLC resonant converter that interfaces with two photovoltaic (PV) panels. The topology is a dual half-bridge LLC circuit with four active switches. This topology allows the two sources to share the same resonant tank for transferring energy to the load without the need for additional circuit components. A phase-shift pulsewidth modulation (PWM) control is employed to implement independent maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for each PV panel. Independent MPPT is achieved by varying the PWM phase shift of each source. Zero-voltage-switching is realized in all switches over the entire range of source voltage and load conditions. In addition, voltage stress across switches does not exceed the input PV voltage. A 500-W prototype was built to demonstrate the performance of the proposed topology. The input voltage range was selected between 25 and 50 V with an output voltage regulated at 220 V dc. Experimental results show that the proposed converter can achieve the peak efficiency of 95.8% while maintaining a wide input voltage range and implementing MPPT for each PV panel.
A one‐pot, two‐step reaction for the synthesis of VLC acidic polymers for resin modified glass‐ionomers (2001)

Abstract Methacrylate‐functionalized aromatic oxazolines are evaluated for attaching pendant methacrylate groups to acid containing polymers. Typically, these reactions use the toxic liquid 2‐isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEM) to functionalized the acid containing polymer. Methacrylate‐functionalized oxazolines will add to acid containing polymer in aqueous solvent. Thus, in a one‐pot, two‐step reaction the acid containing polymer can be synthesized and then reacted with the methacrylate‐functionalized oxazoline. The visible light‐curable (VLC) polymer can then be formulated in resin modified glass‐ionomers. The resulting glass‐ionomers have properties that are comparable to commercial materials. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pheromone Combination Lures for Carpophilus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) Species (1995)

Journal Article Pheromone Combination Lures for Carpophilus (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) Species Get access Robert J. Bartelt, Robert J. Bartelt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard S. Vetter, Richard S. Vetter Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Diana G. Carlson, Diana G. Carlson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard J. Petroski, Richard J. Petroski Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas C. Baker Thomas C. Baker 3 3Current address: Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 88, Issue 4, 1 August 1995, Pages 864–869, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/88.4.864 Published: 01 August 1995 Article history Received: 27 May 1994 Accepted: 28 March 1995 Published: 01 August 1995
Optical crossconnects for high-capacity lightwave networks (1999)

Optical crossconnects are rapidly emerging as critical elements for provisioning and restoration in high-capacity wavelength-division-multiplexed optical networks. High port count appears to be emerging as particularly important in this core-network application, with 500-port optical crossconnects (OXCs) widely expected to be needed within about five years. This requirement severely strains current optical-switching technologies. The emergence of this new application is, however, beginning to stimulate new device technologies. One of these is the free-space micromachined optical switch (FS-MOS). This approach combines the advantages of free-space interconnection and monolithic integrated optics, thus offering the possibility of achieving high port-count in a small, low-cost system with excellent optical quality. In this paper, we review the fundamental principles, fabrication, and performance of the FS-MOS, and discuss both its port-count scalability and its ability to incorporate advanced optical-networking functionality within the switch fabric itself.
Endothelial Function, Fibrinolysis, and Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibition (1997)

Experimental and clinical studies with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have suggested that these agents may reduce the risk of atherothrombotic events. Recent studies have identified the role of angiotensin II and ACE in the regulation of fibrinolysis. There is now substantial evidence that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the regulation of vascular fibrinolytic balance. This recently recognized relationship may contribute to the vasculoprotective effects of ACE inhibitors.
Dual‐band, dual‐circularly polarised antenna element (2013)

A dual‐band element that operates with dual‐circular polarisation in two separate industrial, scientific and medical bands is presented. The design that is based on concentric square slot/shorted‐ring configuration is realisable in cost‐effective printed circuit board technology making it attractive for low‐cost personal communications devices. The antenna element provides a flexible topology that allows for convenient, independent control of the polarisation and impedance bandwidth of two distinct frequency bands with no fundamental limitation on the ratio between the high‐ and low‐band frequency ranges. The topology of this element is presented, and the antenna concept is validated via simulated and measured results.
12.3% Efficient CuIn1 − x Ga x Se2‐Based Device from Electrodeposited Precursor (1997)

Copper‐indium‐gallium‐selenium (Cu‐In‐Ga‐Se) precursor thin films have been prepared by electrodeposition techniques on molybdenum substrates. The films have been characterized by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry Auger electron spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction, electron probe microanalysis, current‐voltage characteristics spectral response and electron‐beam‐induced current. Additional In or Cu, Ga, and Se have been added to the electrodeposited precursor film by physical evaporation to adjust the final composition to , and allowed to crystallize at 550°C A ZnO/CdS/ device fabricated using electrodeposited Cu‐In‐Ga‐Se precursor layers resulted in an efficiency of 12.3%.
Modulated Metasurface Antennas for Space: Synthesis, Analysis and Realizations (2014)

This paper presents design and analysis methods for planar antennas based on modulated metasurfaces (MTSs). These antennas operate on an interaction between a cylindrical surface-wave (SW) excited by an isotropic TM radiator, and an MTS having a spatially modulated equivalent impedance. The MTS is realized by using sub-wavelength patches printed on a grounded slab, thus resulting in a structure with light weight and compact volume. Both features are appealing characteristics for space applications. This paper introduces for the first time an impedance-based amplitude synthesis of the aperture field distribution and shows several new examples of antennas for space applications obtained in recent research projects financed by the European Space Agency.
Identification of a Novel Na+-independent Acidic Amino Acid Transporter with Structural Similarity to the Member of a Heterodimeric Amino Acid Transporter Family Associated with Unknown Heavy Chains (2002)

We identified a novel Na(+)-independent acidic amino acid transporter designated AGT1 (aspartate/glutamate transporter 1). AGT1 exhibits the highest sequence similarity (48% identity) to the Na(+)-independent small neutral amino acid transporter Asc (asc-type amino acid transporter)-2 a member of the heterodimeric amino acid transporter family presumed to be associated with unknown heavy chains (Chairoungdua, A., Kanai, Y., Matsuo, H., Inatomi, J., Kim, D. K., and Endou, H. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 49390-49399). The cysteine residue responsible for the disulfide bond formation between transporters (light chains) and heavy chain subunits of the heterodimeric amino acid transporter family is conserved for AGT1. Because AGT1 solely expressed or coexpressed with already known heavy chain 4F2hc (4F2 heavy chain) or rBAT (related to b(0,+)-amino acid transporter) did not induce functional activity, we generated fusion proteins in which AGT1 was connected with 4F2hc or rBAT. The fusion proteins were sorted to the plasma membrane and expressed the Na(+)-independent transport activity for acidic amino acids. Distinct from the Na(+)-independent cystine/glutamate transporter xCT structurally related to AGT1, AGT1 did not accept cystine, homocysteate, and l-alpha-aminoadipate and exhibited high affinity to aspartate as well as glutamate, suggesting that the negative charge recognition site in the side chain-binding site of AGT1 would be closer to the alpha-carbon binding site compared with that of xCT. The AGT1 message was predominantly expressed in kidney. In mouse kidney, AGT1 protein was present in the basolateral membrane of the proximal straight tubules and distal convoluted tubules. In the Western blot analysis, AGT1 was detected as a high molecular mass band in the nonreducing condition, whereas the band shifted to a 40-kDa band corresponding to the AGT1 monomer in the reducing condition, suggesting the association of AGT1 with other protein via a disulfide bond. The finding of AGT1 and Asc-2 has established a new subgroup of the heterodimeric amino acid transporter family whose members associate not with 4F2hc or rBAT but with other unknown heavy chains.
Abstract 3183: The role of G-protein coupled receptor-associated sorting protein 1 (GASP-1) in breast cancer progression (2011)

Abstract An innovative “2-D High Performance Liquid Electrophoresis” (2-D HPLE) technology was used to identify serum biomarkers associated with the earliest stage of breast cancer in addition to other more advanced stages. 2-D HPLE is a newly developed electrophoretic technology that separates 100's of serum albumin complexes on a polyvinyl membrane based on their surface charges. Association of cancer proteins (biomarkers) with pre-existing albumin complexes in the blood of cancer patients results in altered mobility on the membrane. Using 2-D HPLE we identified that G-protein coupled receptor-associated sorting protein 1(GASP-1) was present in the sera of patients with early stage disease but absent in sera of normal patients. GASP-1 has been shown to modulate lysosomal sorting and functional down-regulation of a variety of G-protein coupled receptors in neuronal cells. However, no reports have linked GASP-1 to breast cancer pathogenesis. GASP-1 was detected in tumor extracts of 7 cases of stage 2 and stage 3 breast cancer but not in adjacent normal tissue as revealed by Western Blot analysis using an antibody developed against a GASP-1 peptide identified by our 2-D HPLE technology. Using this antibody, we immunohistochemically detected over-expression of GASP-1 in all 59 cases of archived ductal breast carcinoma tumor samples. When GASP-1 was silenced in MB-231 breast carcinoma, the cells grew more than 5 fold slower than corresponding vector controls. These studies identify GASP-1 as a potential new serum and tumor biomarker for breast cancer and suggest that GASP-1 may be a novel target for development of breast cancer therapeutics. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3183. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3183
Direct Catalytic Anti-Markovnikov Hydroetherification of Alkenols (2012)

A direct intramolecular anti-Markovnikov hydroetherification reaction of alkenols is described. By employing catalytic quantities of commercially available 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium perchlorate and 2-phenylmalononitrile as a redox-cycling source of a H-atom, we report the anti-Markovnikov hydroetherification of alkenes with complete regioselectivity. In addition, we present results demonstrating that this novel catalytic system can be applied to the anti-Markovnikov hydrolactonization of alkenoic acids.