gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
E1A-Induced Enhancer Activity of the Poly(dG-dT) · Poly(dA-dC) Element (GT Element) and Interactions with a GT-Specific Nuclear Factor (1989)

The alternating sequence poly(dG-dT).poly(dA-dC) is a highly repeated sequence in the eucaryotic genome. We have examined the effect of trans-acting early viral proteins on the ability of the GT element to stimulate transcription of the adenovirus major late promoter (MLP). We find that the GT element alone does not activate expression from the MLP in either the presence or absence of another enhancer element. However, in the presence of the E1A gene products of either adenovirus type 5 or 2, the GT element activated expression from the MLP. The stimulatory activity of the GT element in the presence of E1A had the properties of an enhancer element, and the trans-activating effect on the GT element was additive in conjunction with the E1A-responsive BK virus enhancer. We also have demonstrated that a specific nuclear factor(s) binds to the GT element. However, the E1A protein(s) do not affect the initial factor interaction(s) with the GT element. Overall, our data demonstrate that trans modulation of promoter activity can be mediated through the GT element.
METHOD FOR PREDICTING OF ACUTE HYPOTENSIVE EPISODES (2016)

Hypotension is type of secondary insult and it is related to poor outcome. The ability to predict adverse hypotensive events, where a patient’s arterial blood pressure drops to abnormally low levels, would be of major benefit to the fields of primary and secondary health care. The aim of the paper is to present the novel method for predicting of acute hypotensive episodes, based on ECG analysis by the complex system theory approach. 45 patients (in four neurointensive care facilities throughout Europe) data were selected for the analysis. 11 patients had EUSIG-defined hypotensive events. The method includes determining of time varying biomarkers corresponding to plurality of physiological processes in patient’s organism as a non-linear dynamic complex system and generating an acute hypotension prediction classifier. The calculations of biomarkers are based on complex system approach and algebraic matrix analysis of ECG parameters. The classifier is based on the comparison of biomarkers behaviour in 3D images. It is demonstrated that the presented method allows us to predict arterial hypotension events 40-50 minutes ahead with a sensitivity of 81 %, specificity 94 %. This result was obtained from prospective real-time data collection in a live clinical intensive care environment.
Synthesis and characterization of polyamide‐imides (1991)

Abstract A series of thermally stable, tough, linear polyimides containing amide linkages was prepared. The new polyamide‐imides were synthesized by reacting a group of isomers of diaminobenzanilide (DABA) with various dianhydrides, such as 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA), 3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA), and 2,2‐bis(3,4‐dicarboxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA). The resulting polyamide‐acids were thermally or chemically converted to the polyamide‐imide (PAI). Twelve polyimides were synthesized from unsubstituted and N‐methyl substituted amide diamines and their properties were compared with previously made polyamide‐imides and the polyimide LARC‐TPI. These polyimides exhibited high inherent viscosities and glass transition temperatures. They were made into tough, flexible films of which some showed good thermal stability and resistance to organic solvents. Overall, the mechanical properties of the PAI films were comparable to those of LARC‐TPI with the 4,4′‐systems exhibiting exceptional properties and crystallinity. These materials have potential as high temperature films, coatings and fibers, as well as molding and laminating resins.
Obtaining Partial Solutions for Divergent State Estimation Problems in Large Power Systems (2018)

This paper describes implementation of a multi-area state estimation approach where a converged solution can be obtained for a large part of the network even if the conventional state estimator does not converge. This is accomplished by locating and isolating the area which contains the gross error that is responsible for divergence. The paper investigates and addresses two main issues, namely area partitioning and network observability. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Inhibition of human γ-glutamyl transpeptidase: development of more potent, physiologically relevant, uncompetitive inhibitors (2013)

GGT (γ-glutamyl transpeptidase) is an essential enzyme for maintaining cysteine homoeostasis, leukotriene synthesis, metabolism of glutathione conjugates and catabolism of extracellular glutathione. Overexpression of GGT has been implicated in many pathologies, and clinical inhibitors of GGT are under development for use in the treatment of asthma, cancer and other diseases. Inhibitors are generally characterized using synthetic GGT substrates. The present study of uncompetitive inhibitors of GGT, has revealed that the potency with which compounds inhibit GGT activity in the standard biochemical assay does not correlate with the potency with which they inhibit the physiological reaction catalysed by GGT. Kinetic studies provided insight into the mechanism of inhibition. Modifications to the sulfobenzene or distal benzene ring of the uncompetitive inhibitor OU749 affected activity. One of the most potent inhibitors was identified among a novel group of analogues with an amine group para on the benzosulfonamide ring. New more potent uncompetitive inhibitors of the physiological GGT reaction were found to be less toxic than the glutamine analogues that have been tested clinically. Development of non-toxic inhibitors is essential for exploiting GGT as a therapeutic target.
A promoter sequence involved in cell‐specific expression of the pea glutamine synthetase <i>GS3A</i> gene in organs of transgenic tobacco and alfalfa (1991)

The DNA sequence of the pea cytosolic glutamine synthetase GS3A gene promoter has been determined and the start of transcription mapped using S1 nuclease. The full-length promoter and a series of 5' deletions were fused to beta-glucuronidase (GUS) and introduced into transgenic tobacco and alfalfa. In transgenic tobacco the GS3A promoter directed GUS expression in the phloem cells of the vasculature in leaves, stems and roots. GUS expression was also detected in the vasculature of cotyledons and the root tips of germinating T1 seedlings. The promoter conferred a similar expression pattern in transgenic alfalfa, and expression was also observed in root nodules. Nodule expression was located in nodule primordia, as well as the meristem, symbiotic zone, and vasculature of mature nodules. The promoter was found to be active even when deleted to -132 relative to the start of transcription. DNA mobility-shift analysis identified a protein present in nuclear and whole-cell plant extracts which bound to a 17 bp DNA element contained within the minimal -132 promoter required for expression.
Glass pH electrodes with improved temperature characteristics. Part 2. Systems with conventional inner reference electrodes (1993)

Glass electrodes with internal filling solutions containing zwitterionic buffers are shown to have standard potentials that vary linearly with temperature over a wide range (at least 5–50 °C). This reduces the errors of temperature compensation compared with the proprietary electrodes currently available. A judicious choice of buffer and inner reference element yields an electrode with almost the ideal characteristics of isopotential pH (=7) and zero-point pH (=7), which enable it to be used with all pH meters. Other electrodes could readily be used with modern microprocessor-based meters. In other aspects of their performance (slope factor, hysteresis, response time) the new electrodes are at least as good as commercial sensors.
Stabilization of Passive Walking Based on a Stability Mechanism of Fixed Point (2006)

Passive walker can walk down shallow slope without actuator and control. Though mechanical system of passive walker is simple, it is a sort of hybrid system that combines the continuous dynamics of leg-swing motion and the discrete event of leg-exchange. Passive walker can exhibit a stable limit cycle. In this paper, we demonstrate a global stabilization principle of fixed point from a simple passive walker with knees. And, the validity of stabilization principle is confirmed by walking experiment
Retrieval of terahertz spectroscopic signatures in the presence of rough surface scattering using wavelet methods (2010)

Scattering of terahertz waves by surface roughness can obscure spectral signatures of chemicals at these frequencies. We demonstrate this effect using controlled levels of surface scattering on α-lactose monohydrate pellets. Furthermore, we show an implementation of wavelet methods that can retrieve terahertz spectral information from rough surface targets. We use a multiresolution analysis of the rough-surface-scattered signal utilizing the maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) to extract the resonant signature of lactose. We present a periodic extension technique to circumvent the circular boundary conditions of MODWT, which can be robustly used in an automated terahertz stand-off detection device.
Amplifications of phleomycin and bleomycin-induced antibiotic activity in Escherichia coli by aromatic cationic compounds. (1977)

A wide range of aromatic compounds has been shown to amplify phleomycin-induced cell killing in Escherichia coli. They include acridines, acridinium chlorides, dihydroanthracenes, anthracenes, dianthracenes, phenanthridinium salts, phenazinium chlorides, phenoxazones, triphenyl methane dyes, benzoquinolizinium chloride, diphenylmethane derivatives, stilbene and diphenyl derivatives. Low concentrations of these amplifiers also amplified the DNA breakage and degradation effects of phleomycin. The minimum structural specification for activity as an amplifying agent is suggested. A representative sample of compounds effective as amplifiers of phleomycin also amplified the antibiotic effects of bleomycins B4 and B6. The amplifiers described are known to vary in their ability to penetrate and accumulate in different organisms or tissues. This suggests the possibility of developing a series of antibiotic regimes using these amplifiers (or the large number of derivative compounds also likely to be active) where the therapeutic index is determined by the properties of the amplifier chosen rather than of the phleomycin or the bleomycin.
DNA-Linked Enzyme-Coupled Assay for Probing Glucosyltransferase Specificity (2015)

Traditional enzyme characterization methods are low-throughput and therefore limit engineering efforts in synthetic biology and biotechnology. Here, we propose a DNA-linked enzyme-coupled assay (DLEnCA) to monitor enzyme reactions in a high-throughput manner. Throughput is improved by removing the need for protein purification and by limiting the need for liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) product detection by linking enzymatic function to DNA modification. We demonstrate the DLEnCA methodology using glucosyltransferases as an illustration. The assay utilizes cell free transcription/translation systems to produce enzymes of interest, while UDP-glucose and T4-β-glucosyltransferase are used to modify DNA, which is detected postreaction using qPCR or a similar means of DNA analysis. OleD and two glucosyltransferases from Arabidopsis were used to verify the assay's generality toward glucosyltransferases. We further show DLEnCA's utility by mapping out the substrate specificity for these enzymes.
Spectroscopic polarimetry using channeled spectroscopic polarization state generator (CSPSG) (2007)

A novel method for the spectropolarimetric measurement of materials using the channeled spectrum is described. A pair of high order retarders are incorporated into the illuminating optics of a broadband spectropolarimeter, so that the sample under measurement is illuminated with the light that is modulated in the spectral-dependence of its polarization. The Fourier analysis of the channeled spectrum obtained from the spectropolarimeter allows determining the four spectrally-resolved polarimetric parameters of the sample simultaneously. This approach has a feature that it requires neither mechanically- nor electrically-controllable components for polarization modulation, similar to the previous method for the channeled spectropolarimetry in which the high-order retarders are placed in the receiving optics. The new method can offer the same information about the sample as has been obtained by the previous method, provided that all the optical components satisfy the principle of reciprocity. Furthermore, the new method has an additional advantage over the previous method that it is less susceptible to the sample-induced fluctuations of the wavefront or ray-direction. The effectiveness of this method is experimentally demonstrated with the measurement of a birefringent sample.
Multichannel Sampling of Pulse Streams at the Rate of Innovation (2011)

We consider minimal-rate sampling schemes for infinite streams of delayed and weighted versions of a known pulse shape. The minimal sampling rate for these parametric signals is referred to as the rate of innovation and is equal to the number of degrees of freedom per unit time. Although sampling of infinite pulse streams was treated in previous works, either the rate of innovation was not achieved, or the pulse shape was limited to Diracs. In this paper we propose a multichannel architecture for sampling pulse streams with arbitrary shape, operating at the rate of innovation. Our approach is based on modulating the input signal with a set of properly chosen waveforms, followed by a bank of integrators. This architecture is motivated by recent work on sub-Nyquist sampling of multiband signals. We show that the pulse stream can be recovered from the proposed minimal-rate samples using standard tools taken from spectral estimation in a stable way even at high rates of innovation. In addition, we address practical implementation issues, such as reduction of hardware complexity and immunity to failure in the sampling channels. The resulting scheme is flexible and exhibits better noise robustness than previous approaches.
FTX-1821 for Treatment of FSHD at its Root Cause: Results of a Clinical Trial in a Dish (S23.006) (2019)

Assess FTX-1821 inhibition of DUX4 activity and cell death in a population of FSHD1 and FSHD2 patient-derived skeletal muscle cell lines.
Offshore Floating Renewable Energy and the Future of Power to Fuel Technology (2020)

This paper reviews the state of the art in Power-to-Fuel (P2F) technology, and the effects such technology could have on the future energy mix. P2F is broadly defined as using electrical energy to produce a fuel from its component parts, often in the presence of a catalyst. The most familiar is the production of fuel using the hydrogen and carbon via the Fischer-Tropsch process. The paper will determine the technical readiness, evaluate the projected economics, and present how incorporating it into an offshore renewable energy development scheme could make hereto uneconomic renewable energy development areas profitable. As the offshore resources are much better than on land, and the environmental impacts less, it is anticipated that using offshore renewable energy to produce clean, carbon neutral, eco-fuels will provide massive global benefits, not least of which will be the preservation of the utility of trillions of dollars of existing equipment and infrastructure. For example,offshore and onshore pipeline infrastructure can be re-purposed to move green-fuels to shore for further processing; producing green-plastics and even green carbon neutral car and jet fuel. These would be carbon neutral replacements for these hydrocarbon-based products, but at the same time leave the existing infrastructure for distribution and use unchanged. In gas form product can be transmitted much farther than even HVDC. In liquid form the export path could be through tankers, freeing the operators to sell to the best market rather than just to the local grid.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF DIHYDRO‐5‐AZACYTIDINE, A HYDROLYTICALLY STABLE ANALOG OF 5‐AZACYTIDINE (1977)

Abstract Hydrolysereaktionen an 1‐Aza‐cytidin (II) werden untersucht.
Experimental evaluation of leaky LMS algorithms for active noise reduction in communication headsets (2000)

An adaptive leaky LMS algorithm has been developed to optimize stability and performance of active noise cancellation systems. The research addresses performance issues related to insufficient excitation, nonstationary noise fields, and signal-to-noise ratio. The algorithm is based on a Lyapunov tuning approach in which three candidate algorithms, each of which is a function of the instantaneous measured reference input, measurement noise variance, and filter length, provide varying degrees of trade-off between stability and performance. Each algorithm is evaluated experimentally for reduction of low-frequency noise in communication headsets and compared with that of traditional LMS algorithms. Acoustic measurements are made in a specially designed acoustic test cell which is based on the original work of Shaw, Brammer and co-workers and which provides a highly controlled and uniform acoustic environment. The stability and performance of the ANR system, including prototype communication headsets, are investigated for a variety of noise sources ranging from stationary white noise to highly nonstationary measured F-16 aircraft noise over a 20-dB dynamic range. Results demonstrate significant improvements in stability of Lyapunov-tuned LMS algorithms over traditional leaky or nonleaky normalized algorithms while providing noise reduction performance equivalent to that of the NLMS algorithm for idealized noise fields.
Cancer-Targeted Oncolytic Adenoviruses for Modulation of the Immune System (2018)

Adenovirus is one of the most commonly used vectors for gene therapy and it is the first approved virus-derived drug for treatment of cancer. As an oncolytic agent, it can induce lysis of infected cells, but it can also engage the immune system, promoting activation and maturation of antigen- presenting cells (APCs). In essence, oncolysis combined with the associated immunostimulatory actions result in a "personalized in situ vaccine" for each patient. In order to take full advantage of these features, we should try to understand how adenovirus interacts with the immune system, what are the receptors involved in triggering subsequent signals and which kind of responses they elicit. Tackling these questions will give us further insight in how to manipulate adenovirus-mediated immune responses for enhancement of anti-tumor efficacy. In this review, we first highlight how oncolytic adenovirus interacts with the innate immune system and its receptors such as Toll-like receptors, nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)- like receptors and other immune sensors. Then we describe the effect of these interactions on the adaptive immune system and its cells, especially B and T lymphocytes. Finally, we summarize the most significant preclinical and clinical results in the field of gene therapy where researchers have engineered adenovirus to manipulate the host immune system by expressing cytokines and signalingmediators.
<title>New generation high-power rare-earth-doped phosphate glass fiber and fiber laser</title> (2001)

High power, high brightness fiber lasers have numerous potential commercial and military applications. These lasers offer unique flexibility as they may be coherently combined to provide a potential multi-kilowatt laser source and integrated delivery system. Fiber lasers with cladding pump designs represent a new generation of diode pumped configurations that are extremely efficient, have single mode output and may be operated with or without active cooling. They have a number of novel or unusual attributes, stemming from the fact that they represent the extreme case of a long gain length thin laser cavity. Reports indicate that over 100 watts of TEMoo CW output power are readily demonstrated from current cladding pumped fiber laser designs.
Discovery of a Potent Nicotinic Acid Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Dyslipidemia (2010)

Nicotinic acid has been used clinically for decades to control serum lipoproteins. Nicotinic acid lowers very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and lipoprotein-a (LPa), and it is also effective in raising high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. However, nicotinic acid has several side effects in clinical use. The most notable is intense cutaneous vasodilation "flushing" on the upper body and face. We discovered a pyranopyrimidinedione series to be nicotinic acid receptor agonists. A potent nicotinic acid receptor agonist from this series {5-(3-cyclopropylpropyl)-2-(difluoromethyl)-3H-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-4,7-dione}with reduced flushing side effect in dogs was identified.
Immunochemical determination of CK-MB isoenzyme in human serum. II. An enzymic approach. (1982)

A novel immunochemical technique for a specific enzymic determination of the myocardial isoenzyme of creatine kinase, CK-MB, involves determination of B-subunit activity of a specimen in which the M-subunit activity has been inhibited by specific antibodies to the M-subunit. Interfering activities from CK-BB isoenzyme, atypical forms of creatine kinase, and adenylate kinase are eliminated by using a blank tube in which all the M-subunit-containing isoenzymes have been removed by a specific immunoprecipitation step. The assay is convenient, linear, and reproducible, and results compare well with those by agarose electrophoresis.
Broadband aperiodic air coupled ultrasonic lens (2012)

This paper demonstrates the possibility of subwavelength, defined as less than the incident wavelength, broadband focusing in an aperiodic air coupled ultrasonic lens. A near field probe is used to detect well defined resonances from 75 to 125 kHz. The spatial resolution at each of the resonant frequencies is determined and demonstrated to be smaller than the wavelength of the ultrasonic waves. The strongest resonance is observed at 82.9 kHz with a focal spot size of 3.12 mm. The subwavelength spatial resolution of the lens structures at the resonances is attributed to the near field scattering of the acoustic waves.
On the Calculation of Optimality Ranges for Relational Query Execution Plans (2018)

Cardinality estimation is a crucial task in query optimization and typically relies on heuristics and basic statistical approximations. At execution time, estimation errors might result in situations where intermediate result sizes may differ from the estimated ones, so that the originally chosen plan is not the optimal plan anymore. In this paper we analyze the deviation from the estimate, and denote the cardinality range of an intermediate result, where the optimal plan remains optimal as the optimality range. While previous work used simple heuristics to calculate similar ranges, we generate the precise bounds for the optimality range considering all relevant plan alternatives. Our experimental results show that the fixed optimality ranges used in previous work fail to characterize the range of cardinalities where a plan is optimal. We derive theoretical worst case bounds for the number of enumerated plans required to compute the precise optimality range, and experimentally show that in real queries this number is significantly smaller. Our experiments also show the benefit for applications like Mid-Query Re-Optimization in terms of significant execution time improvement.