gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The NBS tables of chemical thermodynamic properties : selected values for inorganic and C1 and C2 organic substances in SI units (1982)

Abstract : Recommended values are provided for chemical thermodynamic properties of inorganic substances and for organic substances usually containing only one or two carbon atoms. Where available, values are given for the enthalpy of formation, Gibbs energy of formation, entropy, and heat capacity at 298.15 K (25 C), the enthalpy difference between 298.15 and 0 K and the enthalpy of formation at 0 K. All values are given in SI units and are for a standard state pressure of 100 000 pascal. This volume is a new collective edition of 'Selected Values of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties,' which was issued serially as National Bureau of Standards Technical Notes 270-1 (1965) to 270-8 (1981). Values are given for properties of gaseous, liquid and crystalline substances, for solutions in water, and for mixed aqueous and organic solutions. Values are not given for alloys or other solid solutions, fused salts or for substances of undefined composition. Compounds of the transuranium elements are not included. (Author)
Prevention of <i>de novo</i> hepatitis B virus infection in living donor liver transplantation using hepatitis B core antibody positive donors (2002)

Exclusion of liver grafts from hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) positive donors to prevent de novo hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection after liver transplantation is not feasible in areas highly endemic for HBV virus like Taiwan, where approximately 80% of adults are anti-HBc(+). The efficacy of lamivudine monotherapy to prevent de novo HBV infection after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using grafts from anti-HBc(+) donors remains to be elucidated. From June 1994 to August 2000, LDLT was performed in 42 recipients. Twenty-four of the 42 donors were anti-HBc(+) (57%). Pre-transplant HBV vaccination was given to all recipients irrespective of anti-HBc status at monthly intervals for 3 months. Until December 1997, eight recipients received liver grafts from anti-HBc(+) donors without prophylaxis. Since January 1998, prophylaxis with lamivudine monotherapy was given to 16 recipients receiving liver grafts from anti-HBc(+) donors. De novo HBV infection occurred in three of the eight recipients (37.5%) who did not receive prophylaxis, while none of the 16 recipients given lamivudine developed de novo HBV infection after a mean follow-up of 25 months. Two of the three recipients with de novo HBV infection were anti-HBs(-) and one recipient was anti-HBs(+). Lamivudine was well tolerated, and no side effects were noted. These results suggest that lamivudine monotherapy for recipients receiving anti-HBc(+) liver grafts is a simple, relatively inexpensive and effective prophylactic regimen for prevention of de novo HBV infection. The additive protection provided by vaccine-induced or natural immunity is uncertain.
A High-Content Assay to Identify Small-Molecule Modulators of a Cancer Stem Cell Population in Luminal Breast Cancer (2012)

Breast cancers expressing hormone receptors for estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) represent ~70% of all cases and are treated with both ER-targeted and chemotherapies, with near 40% becoming resistant. We have previously described that in some ER(+) tumors, the resistant cells express cytokeratin 5 (CK5), a putative marker of breast stem and progenitor cells. CK5(+) cells have lost expression of ER and PR, express the tumor-initiating cell surface marker CD44, and are relatively quiescent. In addition, progestins, which increase breast cancer incidence, expand the CK5(+) subpopulation in ER(+)PR(+) breast cancer cell lines. We have developed models to induce and quantitate CK5(+)ER(-)PR(-) cells, using CK5 promoter-driven luciferase (Fluc) or green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporters stably transduced into T47D breast cancer cells (CK5Pro-GFP or CK5Pro-Luc). We validated the CK5Pro-GFP-T47D model for high-content screening in 96-well microplates and performed a pilot screen using a focused library of 280 compounds from the National Institutes of Health clinical collection. Four hits were obtained that significantly abrogated the progestin-induced CK5(+) cell population, three of which were members of the retinoid family. Hence, this approach will be useful in discovering small molecules that could potentially be developed as combination therapies, preventing the acquisition of a drug-resistant subpopulation.
Asymptotic approximations in radome analysis (1988)

A detailed analysis is presented of assumptions and limitations of physical optics and stationary phase techniques for radome analysis. A two-dimensional ogival structure with an electric or magnetic line source inside is investigated. A method-of-moments analysis using J.H. Richmond's (1965) polarization current technique is performed to obtain reference results. Physical optics, uniform geometrical theory of diffraction, and stationary phase techniques of order 1 and 2 are analyzed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Phase-transfer interface promoted corrosion from PtNi10 nanoctahedra to Pt4Ni nanoframes (2015)

4 Ni nanoframes ，从许多种类包含贡献(即， O 2 , H 2 O ， H +, OAm ，和 EDTA 4 )。由于磅的迷人的三维的几何学 4 Ni nanoframes 和 PtNi 4 多孔的 octahedra ，两个在太古的 PtNi 上侵蚀的 nanocrystals 显示出优异活动为在硝基苯的碱的媒介和加氢的乙醇 electrooxidation 的 10 nanoctahedra 。
High temperature thermal decomposition of methanol (1979)

Ozone, one of the most important air pollutants, is a triatomic molecule containing three atoms of oxygen that results in an unstable form due to its mesomeric structure. It has been well-known that ozone has potent ability to oxidize organic compounds and can induce respiratory irritation. Although ozone has deleterious effects, many therapeutic effects have also been suggested. Since last few decades, the therapeutic potential of ozone has gained much attention through its strong capacity to induce controlled and moderated oxidative stress when administered in precise therapeutic doses. A plethora of scientific evidence showed that the activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1a), nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2-antioxidant response element (Nrf2-ARE), and activated protein-1 (AP-1) pathways are the main molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of ozone therapy. Activation of these molecular pathways leads to up-regulation of endogenous antioxidant systems, activation of immune functions as well as suppression of inflammatory processes, which is important for correcting oxidative stress in diabetes and spinal pain. The present study intended to review critically the available scientific evidence concerning the beneficial properties of ozone therapy for treatment of diabetic complications and spinal pain. It finds benefit for integrating the therapy with ozone into pharmacological procedures, instead of a substitutive or additional option to therapy.
The HLA System (2000)

Deficiencies of HLA MoleculesA clinician's attention is normally drawn to a system only when it malfunctions. The HLA system is no exception in this regard, but in contrast to other systems, it also arouses interest when it functions well — too well, in fact. The most dramatic malfunction of the HLA system occurs when its genes falter in their expression, resulting in HLA class I or class II deficiencies (the bare lymphocyte syndrome, in which “bare” refers to the low level of HLA molecules on the cell surface). Severe cases of HLA deficiencies are, in fact, not caused by . . .
Power-Efficient Interface Selection Scheme using Paging of WWAN for WLAN in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (2006)

In heterogeneous wireless networks, there have been several efforts aimed at having mobile devices equipped with multiple interfaces connect optimally to the access network that minimizes their power consumption. However, a study of existing schemes notes that in the idle state, a device with both a WLAN and a WWAN interface need to keep both interfaces "on" in order to receive periodic beacon messages from the AP (WLAN) and downlink control information from the base station (WWAN), resulting in significant power consumption. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Power-efficient Communication Protocol that includes turning off the WLAN interface after it enters the idle state and using the existing paging of WWAN in order to wake up the WLAN interface when there is incoming long-lived multimedia data. Further, we propose turning on the WLAN interface when the number of packets in the radio network controller's buffer reaches a certain threshold level in order to avoid repeatedly turning on and off WLAN interfaces, that consumes a significant amount of power. The tradeoffs between the power saving and the number of packets dropped at the buffer are investigated analytically. Simulation results for scenarios of interest are also provided.
Development of Steam Injection for Ruston TB5000 and Tornado Engines (1989)

Steam injection tests have been carried out on Ruston TB5000 and Tornado gas turbines. Steam was injected into the primary zone of the combustion chambers and the centre casings of both engines. Both engines were operated in twin shaft mode and the Tornado also in single shaft mode. The engines have been characterised for performance, emissions and combustion stability. Operational criteria have been defined and the thermodynamic changes in the cycle requiring modification in control parameters, during steam injection, have been identified.
Bundlelike CuCo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Microstructures Assembled with Ultrathin Nanosheets As Battery-Type Electrode Materials for High-Performance Hybrid Supercapacitors (2020)

In this work, bundlelike CuCo2O4 microstructures (CuCo2O4 BMs) assembled with ultrathin nanosheets were fabricated through employing an easy and scalable hydrothermal method along with an extra thermal treatment in air. These CuCo2O4 BMs possessed a specific surface area as large as 114.36 m2 g–1 and a mean pore size of 10.99 nm with pore size distribution at 1.88 nm. The electrochemical behavior was evaluated in 2 M KOH solution. It demonstrated that the CuCo2O4 BMs exhibited the typical features of battery-type electrode material with a specific capacity up to 303.22 C g–1 at 1 A g–1, a rate capability of 69.77% at 10 A g–1, and 71.8% capacity retention after 5000 cycles at 5 A g–1. A hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) was assembled with CuCo2O4 BMs as the cathode and activated carbon as the anode, respectively. The HSC exhibited a specific capacity of 152.25 C g–1 at 1 A g–1 with 111.75% retention over 5000 cycles and delivered a remarkable energy density of 39.95 W h kg–1 at 944.63 W kg–1 and still maintained 27.06 W h kg–1 even at 8.06 kW kg–1. By virtue of these impressive electrochemical performances, the CuCo2O4 BMs can serve as a promising battery-type electrode material toward high-performance hybrid supercapacitors and other energy-storage systems.
Browlift with Botulinum Toxin (2000)

Botulinum toxin is a safe and effective treatment for temporary browlift. The elevations produced in the nasal, central, and temporal brow can produce an aesthetically pleasing female brow with desirable shape and height.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Spirocyclic Oxindoles via Prins Cyclizations (2009)

The synthesis of spirocyclic oxindole pyran and oxepene frameworks using highly stereoselective Prins cyclizations of homoallylic and bis-homoallylic alcohols and isatin ketals is described.
Investigation of recurrent neural networks in the field of sentiment analysis (2017)

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are popular deep learning architectures used in Natural Language Processing for analyzing sentiments in sentences. The recurrent nature of these networks enable them to use information from previous time steps. In this paper, we analyze the performance of three RNNs namely vanilla RNNs, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU). Both unidirectional and bidirectional nature of these networks are considered. Pre-trained word vectors from the Google News dataset are used. We evaluate the performance of these networks on the Amazon health product reviews dataset and sentiment analysis benchmark datasets SST-1 and SST-2.
Versatile technique for assessing thickness of 2D layered materials by XPS (2018)

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been utilized as a versatile method for thickness characterization of various two-dimensional (2D) films. Accurate thickness can be measured simultaneously while acquiring XPS data for chemical characterization of 2D films having thickness up to approximately 10 nm. For validating the developed technique, thicknesses of few-layer graphene (FLG), MoS<sub>2</sub> and amorphous boron nitride (a-BN) layer, produced by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD), plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) respectively, were accurately measured. The intensity ratio between photoemission peaks recorded for the films (C 1s, Mo 3d, B 1s) and the substrates (Cu 2p, Al 2p, Si 2p) is the primary input parameter for thickness calculation, in addition to the atomic densities of the substrate and the film, and the corresponding electron attenuation length (EAL). The XPS data was used with a proposed model for thickness calculations, which was verified by cross-sectional transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurement of thickness for all the films. The XPS method determines thickness values averaged over an analysis area which is orders of magnitude larger than the typical area in cross-sectional TEM imaging, hence provides an advanced approach for thickness measurement over large areas of 2D materials. The study confirms that the versatile XPS method allows rapid and reliable assessment of the 2D material thickness and this method can facilitate in tailoring growth conditions for producing very thin 2D materials effectively over a large area. Furthermore, the XPS measurement for a typical 2D material is non-destructive and does not require special sample preparation. Furthermore, after XPS analysis, exactly the same sample can undergo further processing or utilization.
Difference in Chiral Recognition Behavior between Ag<sup>I</sup><sub>3</sub>M<sup>III</sup><sub>2</sub>and Au<sup>I</sup><sub>3</sub>M<sup>III</sup><sub>2</sub>(M = Co, Rh) Anionic Complexes with<scp>l</scp>-Cysteinate (2016)

Treatment of the racemic isomer (ΔΔ/ΛΛ) of the cationic CoIII3 trinuclear complex that includes 2-aminoethanethiolate (aet), ΔΔ/ΛΛ-[Co3(aet)6]3+, with the ΔLLLΔLLL isomer of the anionic AgI3MIII2 pentanuclear complex that includes l-cysteinate (l-cys), ΔLLLΔLLL-[Ag3M2(l-cys)6]3− (M = Co, Rh), in water produced a 1:1 complex salt of [Co3(aet)6][Ag3M2(l-cys)6] in which only the ΔΔ isomer of [Co3(aet)6]3+ was incorporated. A similar treatment with the analogous AuI3MIII2 complex, ΔLLLΔLLL-[Au3M2(l-cys)6]3−, also produced the 1:1 complex salt, but it incorporated both the ΔΔ and ΛΛ isomers of [Co3(aet)6]3+.
UV-MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis of heparin oligosaccharides obtained by nitrous acid controlled degradation and high performance anion exchange chromatography (2009)

Nitrous acid degradation of heparin followed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) separation and ultraviolet matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (UV-MALDI-TOF) analysis led to the structural determination of six sulfated oligosaccharides. Three different matrices (alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA), nor-harmane, and dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB)) have been used, and the complementary results obtained allowed in most cases to assign the position of sulfate groups. Based on the different cleavages produced on the purified oligosaccharides in source during the MS analysis by the use of the different matrices, this approach provides a new tool for structural analysis.
End-to-End Kernel Learning with Supervised Convolutional Kernel Networks (2016)

In this paper, we introduce a new image representation based on a multilayer kernel machine. Unlike traditional kernel methods where data representation is decoupled from the prediction task, we learn how to shape the kernel with supervision. We proceed by first proposing improvements of the recently-introduced convolutional kernel networks (CKNs) in the context of unsupervised learning; then, we derive backpropagation rules to take advantage of labeled training data. The resulting model is a new type of convolutional neural network, where optimizing the filters at each layer is equivalent to learning a linear subspace in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS). We show that our method achieves reasonably competitive performance for image classification on some standard "deep learning" datasets such as CIFAR-10 and SVHN, and also for image super-resolution, demonstrating the applicability of our approach to a large variety of image-related tasks.
Biophysical Measurement of the Balance of Influenza A Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase Activities (2015)

The interaction of influenza A viruses with the cell surface is controlled by the surface glycoproteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). These two glycoproteins have opposing activities: HA is responsible for binding the host receptor (sialic acid) to allow infection, and NA is responsible for cleaving the receptor to facilitate virus release. Several studies have demonstrated that compatible levels of HA and NA activity are required for a virus to replicate efficiently. This is consequently of great interest for determining virus transmissibility. The concurrent role of these two proteins in receptor binding has never been directly measured. We demonstrate a novel biophysical approach based on bio-layer interferometry to measure the balance of the activities of these two proteins in real time. This technique measures virus binding to and release from a surface coated with either the human-like receptor analog α2,6-linked sialic acid or the avian-like receptor analog α2,3-linked sialic acid in both the presence and absence of NA inhibitors. Bio-layer interferometry measurements were also carried out to determine the effect of altering HA receptor affinity and NA stalk length on receptor binding.
Amorphous celluloses stable in aqueous media: Regeneration from SO<sub>2</sub>–amine solvent systems (1991)

Abstract Amorphous celluloses were prepared by regeneration of cellulose from its solutions in the SO 2 –diethylamine–dimethylsulfoxide (SO 2 –DEA–DMSO) solvent system, and other selected SO 2 –amine–organic solvents. The celluloses were amorphous whether regenerated in water or in alcohols or other organic solvents; in this respect the observations differ from all prior experience in the regeneration of cellulose. These celluloses retain their amorphous character even after extended soaking in water at room temperature. Viscosity measurements have shown that little or no depolymerization occurs during the dissolution, regeneration, and drying processes. Thus the procedures allow the preparation of amorphous celluloses of a wide range of molecular weights for use to model the behavior of amorphous domains in fibrous celluloses. The unusual stability of the amorphous cellulose structures prepared by these procedures is attributed to very rapid decomposition of the SO 2 –amine complex with the cellulosic hydroxyl groups which is believed to occur in the solvated state. The rate of decomposition of this complex appears to be sufficiently high so that the cellulose chains aggregate in an amorphous state before they have any opportunity to realign into crystalline domains.
2016 ACS Fellows (2016)

The American Chemical Society has named 57 members as ACS Fellows. The new fellows will be feted at the society’s fall national meeting in Philadelphia this August. The fellows program began in 2009 as a way to recognize and honor ACS members for outstanding achievements in and contributions to science, the profession, and ACS. “While the ACS Fellows designation is a great honor for the recipients, it is a small measure of our gratitude for their dedicated service to chemistry,” says ACS President Donna Nelson. Nominations for the 2017 class of ACS Fellows will open in the first quarter of next year. Additional information about the program, including a list of fellows named in earlier years, is available at www.acs.org/fellows. Aldos C. Barefoot DuPont Crop Protection Lisa Saunders Baugh ExxonMobil Research & Engineering Raymond A. Baylouny Fairleigh Dickinson University, Florham (emeritus) Carolyn R. Bertozzi Stanford University and Howard Hughes Medical
Predicting potential respondents' decision to participate in web surveys (2012)

Web-based surveys have received increasing attention given the potential benefits of convenience, low cost, and time saving compared with other survey modes. However, the use of the internet to collect data is restrained by the lack of willingness of people to respond. The objective of this research is to expose the determinants of intention to participate in a web survey. Based on the theory of reasoned action, this research proposes a model encompassing attitude toward a web survey, social norm, moral obligation, trust in the sponsor of a survey, topic involvement, topic sensitivity, and reputation of the sponsor to predict a potential respondent’s web survey participation intention. We examine the proposed model using a structural equation modelling procedure. The results indicate that attitude, social norm, moral obligation, reputation of sponsor, and trust in the sponsor exert positive effects on participation intentions in web surveys; attitude mediates the relationship between topic involvement and participation intention. However, topic sensitivity of the web survey has no effect either on attitude or on participation intention.
Current Status of Construction Automation and Robotics in the United States of America (1992)

Current Status of Construction Automation and Robotics in the United States of America Miroslaw J. Skibiniewski Pages 17-24 (1992 Proceedings of the 9th ISARC, Tokyo, Japan, ISSN 2413-5844) Abstract: Constructability automation and robotics research and development in the United States is more than a decade old. A number of research institutions, universities, construction equipment manufacturers and construction engineering firms have been involved in these efforts. This paper summarizes the recent American accomplishments and current efforts in several representative areas. It is concluded that the United States research and development community seems to maintain its leadership primarily in construction automation software design and software engineering. However, a more intensive effort and dedication to automation concepts is needed to capitalize on the potential benefits of automation, particularly in the practicing engineering community and among the industry practitioners. Keywords: No keywords DOI: https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC1992/0003 Download fulltext Download BibTex Download Endnote (RIS) TeX Import to Mendeley
High quality crystalline YBa2Cu3O7−δ films on thin silicon substrates (1994)

YBa2Cu3O7−δ(001) (YBCO) films with near perfect crystallinity have been grown epitaxially on Si(100) using two intermediate buffer layers: Yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and CeO2. All layers were grown by an in situ pulsed laser deposition process. The new films have Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy minimum yields as low as 5%, compared to 12% for YBCO films deposited directly on YSZ. The superconducting onset is above 90 K with a transition width ΔT of 1 K. After film deposition the Si substrate could be etched from the back to give a circular, 2-mm- diam, 4000 Å uniformly thick Si membrane with 300 Å YSZ, 80 Å CeO2, and 1500–3000 Å YBCO on top.
Interfacial polymerization of aniline (1994)

Chemical oxidation of aniline at the liquid/liquid interface of two immiscible solvents results in the growth of an electroactive polymer membrane that exhibits redox behaviour similar to conventional electrodeposited polyaniline.