gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Plate equations and equivalent circuit for micromachined piezoelectrically actuated flextensional transducers (2000)

In the absence of analytical expressions for the equivalent circuit parameters it is difficult to calculate the optimal design parameters and dimensions and to chose suitable materials. The influence of coupling between flexural and extensional deformation and coupling between structure and acoustic volume on the dynamic response of piezoelectrically actuated flextensional transducer is analyzed using three analytical methods: classical plate theory, Mindlin plate theory, and simple variational procedure. The transducer design is based on a flextensional transducer that excites the axisymmetric resonant modes of a clamped circular plate. It is constructed by depositing a thin piezoelectric annular plate onto a thin, edge clamped, circular plate. An ac voltage is applied accross the piezoelectric material to set the compound membrane into flexural vibration. The devices have a range of operating resonance frequencies starting from 450 kHz up to 4.5 MHz. The device is manufactured by silicon surface micromachining and implemented in the form of two-dimensional arrays. Individual elements are made of thin silicon nitride membranes covered by a coating of piezoelectric zinc oxide. Classical thin plate theory, Mindlin plate theory, and variational methods are applied to derive two-dimensional plate equations for the transducer, and to calculate the coupled electromechanical field variables such as mechanical displacement. These methods use classical kinematic relations for a plate and a variational equation for the coupled electromechanical field to reduce three-dimensional field equations to two-dimensional plate equations. As a result, three different exact solutions to corresponding systems are obtained. An equivalent circuit of the transducer is also obtained from these solutions.
The epitope arrangement on flavivirus particles contributes to Mab C10’s extraordinary neutralization breadth (2021)

The human monoclonal antibody C10 exhibits extraordinary cross-reactivity, potently neutralizing Zika virus (ZIKV) and the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV1-4). We describe here a
comparative structure-function analysis of C10 bound to the envelope (E) protein dimers of the five viruses it neutralizes. We demonstrate that C10 Fab has high affinity for ZIKV and DENV1,
but not for DENV2, 3 and 4. We further show that the C10 interaction with the latter viruses requires an E protein conformational landscape that limits binding to only one of the three independent epitopes per virion. This limited affinity is nevertheless counterbalanced by the particle’s icosahedral organization, which allows two different dimers to be reached by both Fab arms of a C10 immunoglobulin. The epitopes’ geometric distribution thus confers C10 its exceptional neutralization breadth. Our results highlight the importance not only of paratope/epitope complementarity, but also their topological distribution for epitope-focused vaccine design.
Micro-Mechanical Fractional Skin Rejuvenation (2012)

INTRODUCTION: As the population ages, there is an increasing demand for safe and effective skin rejuvenation. The most commonly performed skin rejuvenation procedure, laser resurfacing, is associated with adverse events and significant expense (1–4). We have developed a novel device that utilizes micro-coring needles, which remove tissue in a fractional pattern, and avoid the side effects of laser therapy. We compare the efficacy of these needles to standard needles, in a pig model. METHODS: One swine was treated with three needle types: standard hypodermic, solid hypodermic, and our novel coring needles. Thirty-two 1 x 1 inch sites per flank, received either 20% or 40% treatment coverage. Photographs and punch biopsies were performed at day 0, 7, 28, 56 and 84. Biopsies were evaluated for histology and collagen content. RESULTS: All treatment sites healed quickly, with no evidence of scaring or infection. Coring sites were easily identified and contained increased fibroblast activity and newly synthesized collagen. At one month, we found the papillary dermis and epidermis of the coring sites to be up to 196% thicker, compared to controls (p<0.001). The coring sites had enhanced undulating rete ridges consistent with regeneration. At three months we observed a pronounced increase in collagen fibers and newly organized and augmented elastic fibers. ELISA confirmed an 89% increase in collagen content in these coring sites (p<0.001) (Figure 1).Figure 1: Total Collagen Content at 3 months expressed as means of control (untreated), regular (hypodermic), solid and coring needles. Error bar represent standard deviation. (*) indicates p<0.001.CONCLUSION: This novel approach was found to effectively induce the microscopic and biologic endpoints of skin rejuvenation. This may provide a new modality for the safe and cost-effective treatment of age related rhytides, skin laxity, photo damage, scaring and striae. DISCLOSURES: This work was supported by departmental funds. None of the authors has a financial interest in any of the products, devices, or drugs mentioned in this manuscript.
Human natriuretic peptides exhibit antimicrobial activity. (2001)

Here we describe a novel function for members of the well-characterized human natriuretic peptide family. Human "brain-type natriuretic peptide" (hBNP-32) as well as other members of this peptide class are antimicrobially active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeast in a dose-dependent manner. This activity of natriuretic peptides is comparable to that of known antimicrobial peptides such as casocidins or magainins.
Design of asymmetric multiple description lattice vector quantizers (2002)

We consider the design of asymmetric multiple description lattice quantizers that cover the entire spectrum of the distortion profile, ranging from symmetric or balanced to successively refinable. We present a solution to a labeling problem, which is an important part of the construction, along with a general design procedure. This procedure is illustrated using a ZZ/sup 2/ lattice. We also evaluate its rate-distortion performance and compare it to known information theoretic bounds.
A hybridized optical thyristor-CMOS receiver for optoelectronic applications (1997)

We present a sensitive digital receiver for optoelectronic interconnects, consisting of a differential pair of optical thyristors with a GaAs-AlGaAs CMOS comparator amplifier. The thyristor pair receives a dual-rail code light input, and switches consequently to either its electrical low state or its electrical high state. This generates a differential output of 360 mV, which is sensed and latched by a dedicated high input impedance, high speed CMOS comparator amplifier. A functional operation of 50 Mb/s is demonstrated.
Starch Graft Copolymers for Water Treatment (1975)

Abstract Graft polymers produced by the reaction of starch with cationic, anionic and nonionic acrylic monomers show considerable potential as flocculating agents for treatment of industrial and municipal wastewaters, for beneficiation of mineral ores and for retention of clay in filled paper. Performance of the polymers depends on the nature of the system being treated and on the structure of the starch grafts. Percent add‐on, grafting frequency, molecular weight of grafted chains and ionic charge are important variables in starch graft polymer structure that influence performance. Effectiveness of the polymers as flocculants has been demonstrated in laboratory tests and in on‐site trials. Methods of preparation have been developed and the various polymers characterized.
Optical Design of Reflectionless Complex Media by Finite Embedded Coordinate Transformations (2008)

Transformation optics offers an unconventional approach to the control of electromagnetic fields. The transformation optical structures proposed to date, such as electromagnetic "invisibility" cloaks and concentrators, are inherently reflectionless and leave the transmitted wave undisturbed. Here, we expand the class of transformation optical structures by introducing finite, embedded coordinate transformations, which allow the electromagnetic waves to be steered or focused. We apply the method to the design of several devices, including a parallel beam shifter and a beam splitter, both of which are reflectionless and exhibit unusual electromagnetic behavior as confirmed by 2D full-wave simulations.
355. A Platform for Gene Delivery to Embryonic Stem Cells Using HSV (2006)

Embryonic development is a complex process involving integrated pathways directing the ordered proliferation, migration, and differentiation of stem cells into a developing embryo. Murine embryonic stem (mES) lines are immortal and homogeneous, and provide a relevant model of embryogenesis via embryoid body formation. An efficient gene delivery system for mES cells will facilitate investigations into the molecular events of embryonic differentiation. Here we describe the engineering and characterization of a replication-defective Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) vector, JDββ, as a platform gene delivery vehicle. In this vector, the immediate early (IE, α) genes ICP4 and ICP22, and one full genomic joint element have been deleted. IE genes ICP27 and ICP0, whose low-level expression is necessary for transgene expression, have been converted into early (E, β) genes in order to constrain their expression to ICP4-complementing cells, effectively eliminating their expression in normal cells. JDββ does not express toxic viral genes in non-complementing cells including mES cells. JDββ contains a green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene under the control of the HCMV IE promoter and transduces mES cells with high efficiency. Transduction with JDββ, even at elevated MOI, does not alter subsequent embryoid body formation nor the expression of endogenous germ layer markers during embryoid body formation, as determined by quantitative-PCR analysis. JDββ will be further engineered to express developmentally relevant genes individually or in combination. This vector may be a useful tool for the experimental stem cell and regenerative medicine fields due to the attributes of non-toxicity, large transgene capacity, robust transgene expression, and non-integrating genome.
A case for bufferless routing in on-chip networks (2009)

Buffers in on-chip networks consume significant energy, occupy chip area, and increase design complexity. In this paper, we make a case for a new approach to designing on-chip interconnection networks that eliminates the need for buffers for routing or flow control. We describe new algorithms for routing without using buffers in router input/output ports. We analyze the advantages and disadvantages of bufferless routing and discuss how router latency can be reduced by taking advantage of the fact that input/output buffers do not exist. Our evaluations show that routing without buffers significantly reduces the energy consumption of the on-chip cache/processor-to-cache network, while providing similar performance to that of existing buffered routing algorithms at low network utilization (i.e., on most real applications). We conclude that bufferless routing can be an attractive and energy-efficient design option for on-chip cache/processor-to-cache networks where network utilization is low.
An affine Invariant hyperspectral texture descriptor based upon heavy-tailed distributions and fourier analysis (2009)

In this paper, we address the problem of recovering a hyperspectral texture descriptor. We do this by viewing the wavelength-indexed bands corresponding to the texture in the image as those arising from a stochastic process whose statistics can be captured making use of the relationships between moment generating functions and Fourier kernels. In this manner, we can interpret the probability distribution of the hyper-spectral texture as a heavy-tailed one which can be rendered invariant to affine geometric transformations on the texture plane making use of the spectral power of its Fourier cosine transform. We do this by recovering the affine geometric distortion matrices corresponding to the probability density function for the texture under study. This treatment permits the development of a robust descriptor which has a high information compaction property and can capture the space and wavelength correlation for the spectra in the hyperspectral images. We illustrate the utility of our descriptor for purposes of recognition and provide results on real-world datasets. We also compare our results to those yielded by a number of alternatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Employing Arynes in Transition‐Metal‐Free Monoarylation of Aromatic Tertiary Amines. (2014)

Abstract A highly monoselective arylation of N,N‐dimethylanilines with in situ generated benzynes without the need of metal catalysts is developed.
Data analytics applied to the electricity consumption of office buildings to reveal building operational characteristics (2020)

Rigorous statistical analysis of whole building, 15-minute interval, time series electricity data enables remote insights into buildings’ operational characteristics. We developed select building markers and applied them to six commercial office buildings located in three different climate zones for comparison. The building markers reveal information about daily operational patterns, scheduling, and the ratio of base to peak load. Time series analysis, clustering, anomaly detection, diffusion index-based forecasting, first-order energy differential, data visualization and data mining techniques were used for marker development. The daily operational pattern marker identifies weekday and weekend energy consumption patterns and was used here to quantify opportunities for alternative weekend energy scheduling to reduce energy consumption. The scheduling marker recognizes the turn-on and turn-off times for HVAC and other scheduled equipment. Here, we quantified an alternative HVAC schedule can reduce on average 2.7% energy consumption in the office buildings. The base to peak load ratio marker identified that the selected office buildings could reduce their baseload by using more aggressive night and weekend temperature setbacks. Ultimately, these building marker functions may be employed on any whole building electricity datasets to gain insights to building operation and characteristics, enabling improved identification of potential energy savings measures.
Diagnosing Lyme Disease (1991)

Letters1 October 1991Diagnosing Lyme DiseaseTom G. Schwan, PhD, Warren J. Simpson, PhDTom G. Schwan, PhDSearch for more papers by this author, Warren J. Simpson, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-7-577_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: Borrelia burgdorferiis considered to be the causative agent in Lyme borreliosis, a tick-borne zoonosis that afflicts both humans and domestic mammals. In the last 10 years, however, the diversity of clinical manifestations assumed to be the result of infection withB. burgdorferihas continued to increase, and Lyme borreliosis is sometimes difficult to diagnose. Why do only 70% of patients develop erythema migrans, the characteristic annular red rash that develops around the infective site? Why does a "flu-like syndrome" characterized by fever, headaches, and cough develop in only a portion of infected patients? Why do some patients appear to have no acute or early disease, but later develop severe cardiac, arthritic, or neurologic manifestations? Why do some...References1. WallisBrownKlotterMain RSKA. Erythema chronicum migrans and Lyme arthritis: field study of ticks. Am J Epidemiol. 1978;108:322-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SteereMalawistaSnydmanShopeAndimanRoss ASDRWM. Lyme arthritis: an epidemic of oligoarticular arthritis in children and adults in three Connecticut communities. Arthritis Rheum. 1977;20:7-17. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. . National secular trends in Lyme disease 1982-1989. Lyme Disease Surveillance Summary. 1990;1:1. Google Scholar4. Karabotsos N; ed. International Catalogue of Arboviruses, Including Certain Other Viruses of Vertebrates. San Antonio: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1985:1-1147. Google Scholar5. PiesmanHicksSinskyObiri JTRG. Simultaneous transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi and Babesia microti by individual nymphal Ixodes dammini ticks. J Clin Microbiol. 1987;25:2012-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rocky Mountain Laboratories NIAID Hamilton, MT 59840 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCases of Lyme Borreliosis Resistant to Conventional Treatment: Improved Symptoms with Cephalosporin plus Specific β-Lactamase Inhibition 1 October 1991Volume 115, Issue 7Page: 577-578KeywordsBorrelia burgdorferiErythemaFeversHeart diseasesLyme diseaseRashes Issue Published: 1 October 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Immunogenic HLA-B*0702-Restricted Epitopes Derived from Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase That Elicit Antitumor Cytotoxic T-Cell Responses (2006)

Together with previously reported hTERT epitopes, the identification of new CTL epitopes presented by HLA-B*0702 increases the applicability of hTERT-based immunotherapy to treating cancer.
Total Synthesis of Trioxacarcins DC-45-A1, A, D, C, and C7″-<i>epi</i>-C and Full Structural Assignment of Trioxacarcin C (2016)

Trioxacarcins DC-45-A2, DC-45-A1, A, D, C7″-epi-C, and C have been synthesized through stereoselective strategies involving BF3·Et2O-catalyzed ketone-epoxide opening and gold-catalyzed glycosylation reactions, and the full structural assignment of trioxacacin C was deciphered via the syntheses of both of its C7″ epimers. The gathered knowledge sets the foundation for the design, synthesis, and biological evalution of analogues of these natural products as potential payloads for antibody-drug conjugates and other delivery systems for targeted and personalized cancer chemotherapy.
Monochromatic x-ray images of x-ray emitting sources (1980)

A method is demonstrated for obtaining monochromatic aberration-free images of x-ray emitting sources, through the process of double Bragg reflection. Space-resolved ion and temperature distribution in hot plasmas may therefore be obtained.
Deep learning methods to guide CT image reconstruction and reduce metal artifacts (2017)

The rapidly-rising field of machine learning, including deep learning, has inspired applications across many disciplines. In medical imaging, deep learning has been primarily used for image processing and analysis. In this paper, we integrate a convolutional neural network (CNN) into the computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction process. Our first task is to monitor the quality of CT images during iterative reconstruction and decide when to stop the process according to an intelligent numerical observer instead of using a traditional stopping rule, such as a fixed error threshold or a maximum number of iterations. After training on ground truth images, the CNN was successful in guiding an iterative reconstruction process to yield high-quality images. Our second task is to improve a sinogram to correct for artifacts caused by metal objects. A large number of interpolation and normalization-based schemes were introduced for metal artifact reduction (MAR) over the past four decades. The NMAR algorithm is considered a state-of-the-art method, although residual errors often remain in the reconstructed images, especially in cases of multiple metal objects. Here we merge NMAR with deep learning in the projection domain to achieve additional correction in critical image regions. Our results indicate that deep learning can be a viable tool to address CT reconstruction challenges.
New methanol processes (1992)

The well-established methanol synthesis processes of Lurgi, ICI and Kellogg are discussed first. Then follows a survey of new processes under study or development, in which the methanol synthesis is performed in the Slurry Bubble Column Reactor, the countercurrent Trickle Flow Reactor, the Gas Solid Solid Trickle Flow Reactor or the Reactor Section with Interstage Product Removal.
Red/Green Cyanobacteriochromes: Sensors of Color and Power (2012)

Phytochromes are red/far-red photoreceptors using cysteine-linked linear tetrapyrrole (bilin) chromophores to regulate biological responses to light. Light absorption triggers photoisomerization of the bilin between the 15Z and 15E photostates. The related cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs) extend the photosensory range of the phytochrome superfamily to shorter wavelengths of visible light. Several subfamilies of CBCRs have been described. Representatives of one such subfamily, including AnPixJ and NpR6012g4, exhibit red/green photocycles in which the 15Z photostate is red-absorbing like that of phytochrome but the 15E photoproduct is instead green-absorbing. Using recombinant expression of individual CBCR domains in Escherichia coli, we fully survey the red/green subfamily from the cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme. In addition to 14 new photoswitching CBCRs, one apparently photochemically inactive protein exhibiting intense red fluorescence was observed. We describe a novel orange/green photocycle in one of these CBCRs, NpF2164g7. Dark reversion varied in this panel of CBCRs; some examples were stable as the 15E photoproduct for days, while others reverted to the 15Z dark state in minutes or even seconds. In the case of NpF2164g7, dark reversion was so rapid that reverse photoconversion of the green-absorbing photoproduct was not significant in restoring the dark state, resulting in a broadband response to light. Our results demonstrate that red/green CBCRs can thus act as sensors for the color or intensity of the ambient light environment.
Topological Insulator Laser (2019)

We describe the recent progress on topological insulator lasers, where we employed the fundamental concepts of topological insulators in the non-Hermitian laser system, to force an array of many semiconductor (InGaAs) resonators to lock together and act as one coherent laser source.
In vivo Fluoride Concentrations Measured for Two Hours After a NaF or a Novel Two-solution Rinse (1992)

The concentrations of fluoride in various samples from the oral environment were measured at timed intervals after a novel rinse or a NaF rinse, both containing a total of 12 mmol/L (228 ppm) fluoride. The novel rinse consisted of two solutions mixed just before application: Part A contained calcium chloride and sodium acetate; part B contained a hydrolyzable source of fluoride (sodium hexafluorosilicate) and sodium phosphate. Samples were obtained as follows: Single-site plaque-fluid samples were obtained by centrifugation of first-molar plaque; pooled whole-plaque samples were collected from second molars; centrifuged, pooled whole-saliva was collected by vacuum. All samples were analyzed by micro-analytical methods. Results showed that, compared with NaF, the two-solution rinse produced significantly higher salivary fluoride concentrations, plaque-fluid fluoride concentrations, and acid-extractable fluoride in the whole plaque by factors of about 4, 2, and 6, respectively, at 120 min. The results of this study suggest that the new rinse may provide a greater cariostatic effect at the same fluoride dosage than does a NaF rinse.