gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impingement Heat Transfer Part I: Linearly Stretched Arrays of Holes (2005)

This is Part I of a two-part paper to study new configurations for impingement heat transfer. In Part I, linearly stretched arrays of holes are investigated, and in Part II the effect of pressure gradient on jet-impingement heat transfer is studied. Impingement holes in real engines are primarily directed to hot spot locations, thus producing nonsquare arrays. In this study, the spacing between the holes increases in both the streamwise and spanwise direction simulating the stretching of the hole arrays downstream. Two different arrays are investigated with the first array having uniform diameter holes through the array placed in a stretched format and the second array having increasing diameter holes. Three jet Reynolds numbers between 2 x 10 3 and 10 3 are studied for three different jet height-to-diameter ratios between 1 and 5. The measured heat-transfer coefficients for these arrays are then predicted using existing impingement heat-transfer correlations based on regular evenly spaced arrays
AHA/ACC Guidelines for Secondary Prevention for Patients With Coronary and Other Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease: 2006 Update (2006)

the 2001 update of the American Heart Association (AHA)/American College of Cardiology (ACC) consensus statement on secondary prevention, 1 important evidence from clinical trials has emerged that further supports and broadens the merits of aggressive risk-reduction therapies for patients with established coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease, including peripheral arterial disease, atherosclerotic aortic disease, and carotid artery disease. This growing body of evidence confirms that aggressive comprehensive risk factor management improves survival, reduces recurrent events and the need for interventional procedures, and improves quality of life for these patients.
Spider Family Richness and Habitat Complexity (2009)

(Uploaded by Plazi from the Biodiversity Heritage Library) No abstract provided.
Potent suppression of vascular smooth muscle cell migration and human neointimal hyperplasia by KV1.3 channel blockers (2010)

K(V)1.3 potassium channels are functional in proliferating mouse and human vascular smooth muscle cells and have positive effects on cell migration. Blockers of the channels may be useful as inhibitors of neointimal hyperplasia and other unwanted vascular remodelling events.
Managing cloud-generated logs using big data technologies (2015)

Cloud computing is a fast-growing paradigm that has forcefully emerged and established itself in the next generation of IT industry and business, performing massive-scale and complex computing. As cloud technology adoption continues to progress, massive growth in the scale of data generated through cloud computing has been observed. A large part of that data has been machine-generated log data; it is generated at every layer and component within the cloud information technology ecosystem that spans a range of IT functions from storage and computation to networking and application services. Log files are essential for enterprise-level monitoring, troubleshooting, security, debugging, compliance, etc. We argue that cloud computing is in need of a new methodology for recording, managing, storing and analyzing the log data that is generated by the cloud infrastructure, based on big data technologies, allowing for the access to a wealth of knowledge that can contribute to its own advancement. Our paper discusses and expands existing standard log management solutions to design new methods of exploiting the unstructured log data in order to gain unprecedented insights.
Simulated Screens of DNA Encoded Libraries: The Potential Influence of Chemical Synthesis Fidelity on Interpretation of Structure–Activity Relationships (2016)

Simulated screening of DNA encoded libraries indicates that the presence of truncated byproducts complicates the relationship between library member enrichment and equilibrium association constant (these truncates result from incomplete chemical reactions during library synthesis). Further, simulations indicate that some patterns observed in reported experimental data may result from the presence of truncated byproducts in the library mixture and not structure-activity relationships. Potential experimental methods of minimizing the presence of truncates are assessed via simulation; the relationship between enrichment and equilibrium association constant for libraries of differing purities is investigated. Data aggregation techniques are demonstrated that allow for more accurate analysis of screening results, in particular when the screened library contains significant quantities of truncates.
Rayleigh wave dispersion in the cold-worked layer of used railroad rail (1978)

The first shear mode (Sezawa mode) and the fundamental Rayleigh mode have been identified as they propagated through the work-hardened layer on the top surface of used, steel railroad rail. Longitudinal wave velocities and densities are very nearly equal for the work-hardened layer and the subadjacent layer. The ratio of shear wave velocity in the upper layer to that in the subadjacent layer is near to 0.95. Experimental data obtained at several frequencies (0.5–2.0 MHz) showed good agreement with expected velocities for a layer thickness ranging from 3 to 5 mm.
Visibility map for global illumination in point clouds (2007)

Point-sampled geometry has gained significant interest due to their simplicity. The lack of connectivity touted as a plus, however, creates difficulties in many operations like generating global illumination effects. This becomes especially true when we have a complex scene consisting of several models. The data is often hard to segment as individual models and hence not suitable for surface reconstruction.Inter-reflections in such complex scenes requires knowledge of visibility between point pairs. Computing visibility for point models is all the more difficult (than for polygonal models), since we do not have any surface or object information. We present in this paper a novel, hierarchical, fast and memory efficient algorithm to compute a description of mutual visibility in the form of a visibility map. Ray shooting and visibility queries can be answered in sub-linear time using this data structure. We evaluate our scheme analytically, qualitatively, and quantitatively and conclude that these maps are desirable.
Combining Fully Convolutional and Recurrent Neural Networks for 3D Biomedical Image Segmentation (2016)

Segmentation of 3D images is a fundamental problem in biomedical image analysis. Deep learning (DL) approaches have achieved the state-of-the-art segmentation performance. To exploit the 3D contexts using neural networks, known DL segmentation methods, including 3D convolution, 2D convolution on the planes orthogonal to 2D slices, and LSTM in multiple directions, all suffer incompatibility with the highly anisotropic dimensions in common 3D biomedical images. In this paper, we propose a new DL framework for 3D image segmentation, based on a combination of a fully convolutional network (FCN) and a recurrent neural network (RNN), which are responsible for exploiting the intra-slice and inter-slice contexts, respectively. To our best knowledge, this is the first DL framework for 3D image segmentation that explicitly leverages 3D image anisotropism. Evaluating using a dataset from the ISBI Neuronal Structure Segmentation Challenge and in-house image stacks for 3D fungus segmentation, our approach achieves promising results, comparing to the known DL-based 3D segmentation approaches.
Infection and pressure sores. (1985)

Pressure sores cause considerable morbidity and prolonged hospitalization in debilitated patients. Healing of pressure sores may be delayed if they are infected, although response to appropriate topical therapy is satisfactory. However, some pressure sores that appear uninfected may have associated infection of deeper tissues and require specific diagnosis and treatment to close the sores. Two hundred sixty-seven debilitated patients, mostly with spinal cord injury, are reviewed. Included in this group are 49 patients with pressure sores that did not appear to be infected but were associated with deep infections. Diagnosis of nonhealing sores associated with deep infection requires clinical suspicion and a variety of laboratory tests, such as sinograms, radionuclide studies, computed tomography, and biopsy. Treatment usually requires a combination of appropriate antibiotics and surgery. Prevention of pressure sores and infection by offering specialized care for nonambulatory patients should be the ultimate goal.
An AND-type match-line scheme for energy-efficient content addressable memories (2005)

An AND-type match-line scheme is fabricated in a 0.18 /spl mu/m 1.8V CMOS process. The 256/spl times/128b CAM achieves a faster search time and a 20% energy reduction compared with NOR designs. This AND-type circuit has a search time of 1.75ns with an energy of 0.57fJ/bit/search.
Primary Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy (1986)

We studied 16 218 pregnant women from two income groups to determine the incidence of primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and its consequences for the offspring. In the high-income group, 64.5% of the women were seronegative for CMV and 1.6% had primary CMV infection. In the low-income group, only 23.4% of the women were seronegative for CMV, but 3.7% experienced a primary infection. The rate of transmission in utero was similar in the two groups (39% and 31%). Congenital infections were more frequent in the low-income group; however, primary CMV accounted for 25% of the congenital infections in this group, in contrast to 63% of the high-income cases. Infections acquired early and late in gestation had similar rates of transmission in utero, but three infants (8%) with symptomatic congenital infection and five infants (13.5%) who have developed significant handicaps were exposed in the first half of pregnancy. Primary CMV infection during pregnancy poses a 30% to 40% risk of intrauterine transmission and adverse outcome is more likely when infection occurs within the first half of gestation. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:1904-1908)
RNA virus evolution and the control of viral disease (1989)

RNA viruses and other RNA genetic elements must be viewed as organized distributions of sequences termed quasi-species. This means that the viral genome is statistically defined but individually indeterminate. Stable distributions may be maintained for extremely long time periods under conditions of population equilibrium. Perturbation of equilibrium results in rapid distribution shifts. This genomic organization has many implications for viral pathogenesis and disease control. This review has emphasized the problem of selection of viral mutants resistant to antiviral drugs and the current difficulties encountered in the design of novel synthetic vaccines. Possible strategies for antiviral therapy and vaccine development have been discussed.
A voxel-based method of constructing and skinning conformal and functionally graded lattice structures suitable for additive manufacturing (2016)

Additive Manufacturing (AM) enables the production of geometrically complex parts that are difficult to manufacture by other means. However, conventional CAD systems are limited in the representation of such parts. This issue is exacerbated when lattice structures are combined or embedded within a complex geometry. This paper presents a computationally efficient, voxel-based method of generating lattices comprised of practically any cell type that can conform to an arbitrary external geometry. The method of conforming involves the tessellation and trimming of unit cells that can leave ‘hanging’ struts at the surface, which is a possible point of weakness in the structure. A method of joining these struts to form an external two dimensional lattice, termed a ‘net-skin’ is also described. Traditional methods of manufacturing lattice structures generally do not allow variation of cell properties within a structure; however, additive manufacturing enables graded lattices to be generated that are potentially more optimal. A method of functionally grading lattices is, therefore, also described to take advantage of this manufacturing capability.
Regulation of the L-type Calcium Channel by α5β1 Integrin Requires Signaling between Focal Adhesion Proteins (2001)

The L-type calcium channel is the major calcium influx pathway in vascular smooth muscle and is regulated by integrin ligands, suggesting an important link between extracellular matrix and vascular tone regulation in tissue injury and remodeling. We examined the role of integrin-linked tyrosine kinases and focal adhesion proteins in regulation of L-type calcium current in single vascular myocytes. Soluble tyrosine kinase inhibitors blocked the increase in current produced by alpha(5) integrin antibody or fibronectin, whereas tyrosine phosphatase inhibition enhanced the effect. Cell dialysis with an antibody to focal adhesion kinase or with FRNK, the C-terminal noncatalytic domain of focal adhesion kinase, produced moderate (24 or 18%, respectively) inhibition of basal current but much greater inhibition (63 or 68%, respectively) of integrin-enhanced current. A c-Src antibody and peptide inhibitors of the Src homology-2 domain or a putative Src tyrosine phosphorylation site on the channel produced similar inhibition. Antibodies to the cytoskeletal proteins paxillin and vinculin, but not alpha-actinin, inhibited integrin-dependent current by 65-80%. Therefore, alpha(5)beta(1) integrin appears to regulate a tyrosine phosphorylation cascade involving Src and various focal adhesion proteins that control the function of the L-type calcium channel. This interaction may represent a novel mechanism for control of calcium influx in vascular smooth muscle and other cell types.
Evaluating the Role of Force Feedback for Biomanipulation Tasks (2006)

Conventional cell manipulation techniques do not have the ability to provide force feedback to an operator. Poor control of cell injection force is one of the primary reasons for low success rates in cell injection and transgenesis in particular. Therefore, there exists a need to incorporate force feedback into a cell injection system. We have developed an automated cell injection system, which has the capability of measuring forces in the range of μN. We tested our system with 40 human subjects to evaluate the role of force feedback in cell injection task. Our experimental results indicate that the subjects were able to feel the cell injection force and confirmed our research hypothesis that the use of combined vision and force feedback leads to higher success rate in cell injection task compared to using vision feedback alone.
400 mW continuous-wave diffraction limited flaredunstable resonatorlaser diode at 635 nm (1997)

400 mw of continuous-wave (CW) diffraction-limited power is demonstrated for the first time from a flared unstable resonator semiconductor laser at a wavelength of 635 nm. More than 75% of the total power is contained in the central lobe of the far field.
<i>LMNA</i> Mutations in Cardiac Transplant Recipients (2004)

Lamin A and C are components of the nuclear envelope, located at the nucleoplasmatic surface of the inner nuclear membrane within cells. Recently, mutations within LMNA encoding lamin A/C have been associated with various disease entities including cardiomyopathy. We screened heart transplant recipients suffering from dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with a positive family history of LMNA mutations. Four index patients and one relative belonging to four unrelated families carrying LMNA mutations were identified. The mutations p.Q355X and p.S22L have not been reported before, whereas p.R190W has already been reported in other studied DCM cohorts. In the patients of the present study, the mean age at manifestation of heart disease was 37.6 years (range 30-45 years), with progression to end-stage heart failure requiring transplantation at a mean age of 45.8 years (range 35-54 years). Three patients presented initially with atrial fibrillation. These data confirm the involvement of LMNA mutations in patients with DCM and extend the mutational spectrum of LMNA. The p.R190W mutation has been reported in different populations and may therefore be useful for analyzing the impact of a specific LMNA mutation on the phenotype of muscle disease.
A glimmer of hope for a devastating complication (2017)

In this issue of Blood , Lopes et al report that patients with atrial fibrillation suffered from intracerebral and subdural hemorrhage less frequently when they were treated with apixaban than with warfarin, despite the warfarin anticoagulation being within therapeutic ranges in the majority of cases. 1
Chitosan-mediated fabrication of metal nanocomposites for enhanced biomedical applications (2016)

Hybrid materials based on metals and natural polymers are a promising class of nanocomposites; there is an increasing interest in metal nanoparticles (NPs) due to some fascinating characteristics associated with their nanosizes such as optical, conducting, catalytic, mechanical, sensing and superparamagnetic properties. Despite these favorable properties, the natural tendency of NPs for aggregation, high reactivity due to surface charges, and high rate of toxicity are limiting their applicability in biomedical sector. Chitosan, a naturally available amino polysaccharide biopolymer obtained from the exoskeleton of crustaceans (crabs and shrimp) and cell walls of fungi, displays unique polycationic, porous, chelating, bioadhesive and film-forming properties. The in-built characteristics of chitosan biopolymer can be utilized to alter the negative shades of metal NPs, thereby enhancing the applications in many different areas. The incorporation of chitosan significantly affects the steric stabilization of metal colloids, creates extra functional groups for biomolecule conjugation, renders the NPs suitable for bio-markers, protects metal ions from further oxidation/reduction by means of polymer coordination and has a control over toxicity. Thus by taking advantage of the additional features offered by the combination of chitosan and metal NPs, this report is designed to provide an overview about the metal NPs type, synthesis and applications in bioengineering and biomedical sector. Starting with the influencing properties due to their combination, we further reviewed the literature related to chitosan and metal NPs applicable for medicine with a specific focus on cancer diagnosis and treatment, advanced drug delivery, tissue engineering and surgical aids, to mention some.
Steam reforming of methane over Ni-substituted Sr hexaaluminates (2012)

Ni-substituted Sr-aluminates Sr 1-x Ni x Al 11.2+x Ni 0.8-x O 19- (x = 0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.8) obtained by a precipitation method and calcined at 1200C have been characterized by different physicochemical techniques and their catalytic properties have been tested in steam reformation of methane. It has been shown that substitution of Al 3+ and/or Sr 2+ by Ni 2+ in the aluminate structure results in changes of phase composition, specific surface area, and reducibility of samples. It has been established that the samples are not completely reduced in the temperature range of 30-900C. The Sr 1-x Ni x Al 11.2+x Ni 0.8-x O 19- (x = 0; 0.2; 0.4) catalysts are active and stable in the steam reforming of methane at 700oC: residual amount of methane is (1.11.0) vol.%, while the Sr 1-x Ni x Al 11.2+x Ni 0.8-x O 19- (x = 0.8) sample is rapidly deactivated by coking.
Design and Analysis of a New Brushless Electrically Excited Claw-Pole Generator for Hybrid Electric Vehicle (2018)

This paper presents a new brushless electrically excited claw-pole generator (EECPG) for vehicle power generation. The proposed design uses a toroidal excitation coil to magnetize all the stator poles and then generate effective power by complementary saliency effect of dual rotors. One salient advantage of this new design is its good excitation ability with minimized excitation copper loss as well as improved energy conversion efficiency. Meanwhile, the brush and slip rings are eliminated compared to the conventional rotor-EECPG. The generator structure is introduced, with its operating principle illustrated by 3-D finite-element predicated flux distribution. Rotor configurations using interlaced and non-interlaced types are both elaborated in terms of back electromotive force harmonic distribution and cogging effect. Load characteristic is predicted by the field-circuit coupled analysis, which proves the proposed brushless claw-pole generator could serve as a high-efficiency cost-effective candidate for vehicle power generation.
Performance bounds and identifiability conditions for location estimation in NLoS dynamic environments (2011)

The non-trivial problem of Non-Line-of-Sight localization can be attacked with the aid of geometrical channel and mobility models. This approach results in high performance algorithms but requires a combination of different sources of information, like e.g. angles, delays and Doppler shifts. In this contribution we demonstrate the high performance of such methods even in poor scattering environments. On top of that, we compare the algorithms for different scenarios and highlight the superiority of algorithms designed for channels that change dynamically due to the movement of the mobile terminal.
Darstellung und gezielte Polykondensation von Anhydroalditol‐Bausteinen aus Stärke (1984)

Abstract Mit regioselektiv acylierten Derivaten des 1,4: 3, 6‐Dianhydro‐D‐sorbits (DAS) wurden unterschiedliche oligomere Terephthalsäureester synthetisiert und nachfolgend analytisch beschrieben. Durch Schmelzkondensation von Terephthalsäuredichlorid mit verschiedenen Dianhydrohexit‐Diolderivaten gelang die Herstellung von Polyterephthalaten. Korrespondierende 2, 5‐Diaminoverbindungen waren durch einfache Synthesefolge aus 1,4: 3, 6‐Dianhydro‐hexiten zugänglich und konnten mit dem Bischlorformiat des DAS zu neuartigen Polyurethanen umgesetzt werden. Die Polykondensate wurden durch ihre Polymerparameter charakterisiert.
MMIC phase locked L-S band oscillators (2005)

We describe the design and measured performance of GaAs MMIC phase-locked oscillators (PLOs) operating concurrently at 1.353 GHz and 2.030 GHz. All the active components, including reference oscillator, phase/frequency comparators, charge pumps, voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs) and frequency dividers, are integrated on GaAs MMICs. The packaged MMICs are attached to a duroid mother board along with a small number of discrete components, resulting in a rugged dual PLO subassembly. Single sideband phase noise at 1 kHz offset is -87 dBc/Hz and -84 dBc/Hz, respectively. Phase lock is maintained over wide variations of temperature and power supply voltage.
Effect of Vancomycin Administration Method on Achieving and Maintaining Its Serum Concentrations In Intensive Care Patients (2013)

Abstract Introduction. Vancomycin may be administered by bolus injections (BI) and continuous infusion (CI). Data on BI and CI clinical effectiveness and correlation with mortality, survival and renal injury is variable. Aim of the study. The aim of the study was to compare the use of vancomycin continuous infusion and bolus administration in intensive care. Materials and methods. Retrospective analysis of 46 ICU patients (23 patients received vancomycin CI and 23 - BI) was undertaken to compare efficacy and effect on mortality and morbidity of these two administration methods. Results. The study revealed association of CI administration with more effective (15 - 25 mg/L) serum vancomycin trough concentration maintenance (31.2% vs 25.6% of treatment time, p=0.011) as well as with reduced incidence of subtherapeutic vancomycin levels (34.3% vs 37.2% of treatment time, p=0.015). We also observed better survival times using CI mode. Conclusions. CI appears to be beneficial in terms of better maintenance of target VSTC and better patient survival. However, its use compared to bolus administration has no statistically significant impact on overall mortality and incidence of nephrotoxicity.