gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Ferulic Acid Produced by Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 5221 Reduces Symptoms of Metabolic Syndrome in Drosophila melanogaster (2016)

The gut microbiota is an intricate community of thousands of bacterial species living in the gastrointestinal tract critical for vitamin synthesis, mineral absorption, digestion of otherwise indigestible fibers and the extraction of energy from food. Recently, the health of the gut microbiota's community architecture has become linked to energy-regulatory diseases including metabolic syndrome: a collection of symptoms including hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure, increased abdominal fat and triglyceride levels. However, the mechanism of communication between the gut microbiota and the host energy metabolism remains elusive. The current study shows that ferulic acid (FA) produced by the intrinsic ferulic acid esterase activity of the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 5221 (Lf5221) can dose-dependently rescue the phenotypic markers of diet-induced diabetes and obesity in Drosophila melanogaster. In Drosophila exposed to either a high-sugar or high-fat diet, living Lf5221 at 2.5 or 7.5 10 9 CFU/ml media effectively rescued whole-body weight, glucose, trehalose and triglyceride levels. All of the aforementioned effects were lost in heat-inactivated bacteria indicating that a metabolic product is responsible. Likewise, FA at 0.5 mM in the metabolically challenged Drosophila models reared similar effects on the physiological markers while also reducing hyperglycemia in the circulating hemolymph. On the signaling level, the high-sugar diet predictably had an elevated expression of the Drosophila insulin-like peptides 2, 3 and 5 and in the high-fat diet, an increase in fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression. On both diets, Lf5221 and FA rescued gene expression, at different concentrations, to the level of controls. Examining the mechanistic gene expression, both Lf5221 and FA rescued expression of dFOXO and dTOR, but not dAkt indicating that FA produced by Lf5221 is acting on one of the downstream-signaling molecules from the insulin receptor, possibly dTOR: an overall energy regulator in flies and humans alike. The present study for the first time outlines a streamlined mechanism for how the gut microbiota communicates with the host's energy-regulating metabolism. Proper supplementation with ferulic acid esterase active probiotics such as Lf5221 could potentially prevent or alleviate symptoms of metabolic syndrome and other energy-regulating diseases including diabetes, obesity and neurodegeneration.
Resistive Programmable Through-Silicon Vias for Reconfigurable 3-D Fabrics (2011)

In this letter, we report on the fabrication and characterization of titanium dioxide (TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> )-based resistive RAM (ReRAM) cointegration with 380 μm-height Cu through-silicon via (TSV) arrays for programmable 3-D interconnects. Nonvolatile resistive switching of Pt/TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Pt thin films is first characterized with a resistance ratio up to five orders of magnitude. Then, cointegration of Pt/TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Pt or Pt/TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> memory cells on 140 and 60 μm diameter Cu TSVs is fabricated. Repeatable nonvolatile bipolar switching of the ReRAM cells is demonstrated for different structures.
Effect of Orifice Diameter Ratio on Unlike Impinging Jet Mixing (2006)

Experimental studies has been conducted to investigate the effect of orifice diameter ratio on the mixing characteristics of the split element of doublet and triplet elements. The spray characteristics of non-reacting immiscible liquids have been investigated using a patternator. The local volume fraction is measured by use of mean value of each component. This volume measurement represents the mixing characteristics of the liquid, which affect the overall combustion efficiency. The ratio of the orifice diameter, ranging from 1 to 1.5, and that of the jet-momentum, ranging from 0.5 to 6.0, we used. The jet impinging behavior with use of various ratios exhibits substantially different mixing characteristics. Mixing efficiency is maximized when the jet-momentum ratio is increased; this behavior is particularly prominent when the orifice diameter ratio is greater than unity. The split of the triplet element yields better mixing characteristics and is more effective than that of the doublet element in regard to achieving high combustion efficiency. The optimum mixing factor for the triplet element is found to be 0.75, according to our measurement.
Comparison of Correlations for Estimating Product Yields from Delayed Coking (2013)

The objective of this paper is to compare the prediction capability of different correlations for calculating delayed coking yields. The evaluation was developed taking operation data reported in the literature into account for delayed coking commercial plants. The effects of pressure, feed type, and temperature on product yields were analyzed. Correlations that include the effect of operating conditions proved to be more accurate compared to those that consider only feed properties. From the calculation of yields, it is possible to conclude that an increase of 1 wt % of coke yield is obtained for each 1 wt % increase of the feed Conradson carbon residue (CCR) or for each 5 psig increase of the coke drum pressure and a reduction of 1 wt % of coke yield is achieved for each 15 °F increase of the coke drum temperature. The correlation developed by Volk et al. resulted to be the most accurate correlation to predict coke yields, while the most popular correlations (Gary-Handwerk and Maples) are the worst.
Findings of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Combat Veterans With PTSD and a History of Blast Concussion (1998)

Veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder were evaluated for a history of blast concussion, controlling for confounding conditions. Electroencephalograms were analyzed by discriminant function for traumatic brain injury. A difference was found in discriminant scores between veterans with and without blast concussion. More members of the blast group had attentional symptoms and attentional dysfunction. Combat veterans with a remote history of blast injury have persistent electroencephalographic features of traumatic brain injury as well as attentional problems. The authors hypothesize that these constitute a type of chronic postconcussive syndrome that has cognitive and mood symptoms overlapping those of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Integrins as Therapeutic Targets for Inflammatory Disease (2005)

This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Preclinical Studies α4 Integrins CD11a Preclinical Studies Humanization of Anti-integrin mAbs Clinical Trials with Humanized Anti-α4 Integrin mAbs Studies with Natalizumab in MS Trials in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Humanized Anti-α4 and Anti-α4 β7Integrins LFA-1 as a Target for Treatment of Psoriasis Clinical Studies of Humanized Anti-CD11a Small Molecule Integrin Antagonists Other Approaches: Antisense Antagonists Final Remarks Acknowledgments References
Synthetic opium alkaloids and derivatives. A short total synthesis of (.+-.)-dihydrothebainone, (.+-.)-dihydrocodeinone, and (.+-.)-nordihydrocodeinone as an approach to a practical synthesis of morphine, codeine, and congeners (1980)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthetic opium alkaloids and derivatives. A short total synthesis of (.+-.)-dihydrothebainone, (.+-.)-dihydrocodeinone, and (.+-.)-nordihydrocodeinone as an approach to a practical synthesis of morphine, codeine, and congenersKenner C. RiceCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45, 15, 3135–3137Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01303a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01303a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views3693Altmetric-Citations107LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Study on Stability of Rock at Reservoir Banks Slop Based on AHP (2012)

The paper aims to present the authors’ research on application of engineering fuzzy set theory analysis to reservoir ranks rock slop stability evaluation by using analytic hierarchy processing (AHP). Many methods, which used to analysis highway slope stability, are compared in the paper. On the basis of research on the general slope stability evaluation methods, lots of fuzzy factors of stability evaluation for highway slope are researched and fuzzy comparison matrix model is established. Correspondence relationship between mood operator and fuzzy value are determined. Evaluation indexes and grading standards are identified on the basis of engineering practice. The weight of every index is obtained by using analytic hierarchy processing and the method of Ridge-type distribution, which the method of combining with the bigger the more excellent and the smaller the more excellent. Engineering fuzzy set theory is used to make a comprehensive evaluations, overall evaluation of the highway slope stability is obtained according to the principle of maximum degree of subjection and the result of subjection degree vector. Slope stability evaluation of AN-SHAN Expressway is analyzed with analytical hierarchy process. Evaluation results provide a basis for the progress of the project, and the project carried out smoothly with the guidance of it. The results show that the model makes slope stability evaluation more comprehensive, scientific and rational.
Effect on a novel alpha-fibrinogenase for platelet aggregation (2000)

As revealed by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE),a Chinese cobra venom proteinase preferentially cleaved Aα andsubsequently γ chain of fibrinogen, but left the Bβ chain unaffected,suggesting that it was a novel α fibrinogenase Rabbit platelet aggregation was measured turbimetrically When tested in vivo at the dosages of 0 025 mg/kg, 0 05 mg/kg and 0 1 mg/kg, this Chinese cobra venom proteinase inhibited rabbit platelet aggregation induced by 10 μmol/L of ADP or 100 mg/L of collagen in a dose dependent manner
In Situ Large Size Non Conventional Shear Tests For the Mechanical Characterization of a Bimrock In The Santa Barbara Open Pit Mine (Italy) (2009)

A high mine slope in the disused Santa Barbara open pit mine (Tuscany, Italy) is cut in the Shale-Limestone Chaotic Complex (SLCC), which is a typical bimrock made up of a scaly-fabric clayey matrix including heterometric calcareous blocks. The slope shows evidence of instability phenomena: mainly rotational landslides and toppling countercracks. In order to characterize the mechanical behaviour of the SLCC bimrock, in situ large size non conventional shear tests were performed. The aim of in situ tests is to overcome the size limitation of laboratory specimens and namely to take into account the influence of calcareous blocks on the strength of the bimrock. Bimrock’s strength parameters under natural conditions can be evaluated by means of a limit-equilibrium analysis taking into account shear test data and the geometry of the sliding surface.
A grammar-based distance metric enables fast and accurate clustering of large sets of 16S sequences (2010)

We introduce a fast and accurate clustering algorithm that relies on a grammar-based sequence distance. Its statistical clustering quality is validated by clustering large datasets containing 16S rDNA sequences.
Easy and Efficient Transformer: Scalable Inference Solution For Large NLP Model (2022)

Gongzheng Li, Yadong Xi, Jingzhen Ding, Duan Wang, Ziyang Luo, Rongsheng Zhang, Bai Liu, Changjie Fan, Xiaoxi Mao, Zeng Zhao. Proceedings of the 2022 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies: Industry Track. 2022.
Fabrication of transparent single wall carbon nanotube films with low sheet resistance (2008)

The authors developed the protocol to fabricate transparent single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film via spin coating of SWCNT-dispersion solution in dichloroethane (DCE). As it turned out, preparation of good SWCNT-dispersion solution was essential for making good transparent films with low sheet resistance. The posttreatment with nitric acid was also performed to reduce the sheet resistance of as-prepared films. Our acid-treated SWCNT films showed visible-range transmittance of about 80% at sheet resistance of about 85 Ω/sq.
Stylizing Silhouettes at Interactive Rates:ï¿½ From Silhouette Edges to Silhouette Strokes (2002)

A way to create effective stylized line drawings is to draw strokes that start and stop at visible portions along the silhouette of an object to be portrayed. In computer graphics to date, algorithms to extract silhouette edges are many, although putting these edges into a form such that stylized strokes may be applied to them has not been greatly covered, so that existing methods are either time-consuming or presented vaguely. In this paper, we introduce an algorithm that takes a set of silhouette edges originating from polygonal meshes and efficiently computes the visible parts of the edges before connecting them to form long smooth silhouette strokes to which stylization algorithms may be effectively applied. Features of our algorithm that gain efficiency and accuracy over existing methods is that we directly exploit the analytic connectivity information of the mesh in combination with the available z-buffer information during rendering, and filter artifacts in connected edges during the process to improve the visual quality of strokes after stylization. Categories and Subject Descriptors (according to ACM CCS): 1.3.3 [Computer Graphics]: Picture/Image Generation—Line and curve generation 1.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism—Hidden line/surface removal
Supported ionic liquidscatalysts for fine chemicals: citral hydrogenation (2005)

The quest for new concepts in catalysis involving fine chemicals production is discussed. A new approach for easy preparation of structural, heterogeneous catalysts where the selectivity profile is altered by means of different ionic liquids and the same transition metal species (Pd) is introduced. Furthermore, an novel ionic liquid, [A336][PF6], derived from a common phase-transfer catalyst, Aliquat336®, was synthesized and utilized in catalytic hydrogenation of citral.
Activation and stabilization of enzymes in ionic liquids (2010)

As environmentally benign "green" solvents, room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) have been used as solvents or (co)solvents in biocatalytic reactions and processes for a decade. The technological utility of enzymes can be enhanced greatly by their use in ionic liquids (ILs) rather than in conventional organic solvents or in their natural aqueous reaction media. In fact, the combination of green properties and unique tailor-made physicochemical properties make ILs excellent non-aqueous solvents for enzymatic catalysis with numerous advantages over other solvents, including high conversion rates, high selectivity, better enzyme stability, as well as better recoverability and recyclability. However, in many cases, particularly in hydrophilic ILs, enzymes show relative instability and/or lower activity compared with conventional solvents. To improve the enzyme activity as well as stability in ILs, various attempts have been made by modifying the form of the enzymes. Examples are enzyme immobilization onto support materials via adsorption or multipoint attachment, lyophilization in the presence of stabilizing agents, chemical modification with stabilizing agents, formation of cross-linked enzyme aggregates, pretreatment with polar organic solvents or enzymes combined with suitable surfactants to form microemulsions. The use of these enzyme preparations in ILs can dramatically increase the solvent tolerance, enhance activity as well as stability, and improve enantioselectivity. This perspective highlights a number of pronounced strategies being used successfully for activation and stabilization of enzymes in non-aqueous ILs media. This review is not intended to be comprehensive, but rather to present a general overview of the potential approaches to activate enzymes for diverse enzymatic processes and biotransformations in ILs.
Effects of cystic fibrosis airway secretions on rat lung: role of neutrophil elastase (1995)

Products of inflammatory cells present in pulmonary secretions may compromise lung structure and function. To investigate the pathogenic potential of cystic fibrosis (CF) airway secretions, we instilled CF sputum sol into the lungs of healthy rats and measured the resulting lung injury and inflammation. The ability of a neutrophil elastase (NE) inhibitor, L-680,833, to mitigate these responses was also investigated. CF sputum sol instilled into rat lungs induced hemorrhage, an increase in epithelial permeability, and neutrophil recruitment to the airspaces. However, when sputum sol was preincubated with NE inhibitor before instillation, hemorrhage was completely prevented, suggesting that NE within the CF airway secretions was responsible for the observed hemorrhagic injury. NE-inhibitor treatment had no effect on the observed increases in bronchoalveolar lavage albumin level or neutrophil numbers. Rats treated orally with NE inhibitor before instillation of sputum sol were also protected from hemorrhagic injury. These results demonstrate that NE within CF airway secretions causes lung tissue damage and that animals can be protected from such damage with an oral anti-elastase.
Syndecan-4 mediates macrophage uptake of group V secretory phospholipase A2-modified LDL (2008)

We previously reported that LDL modified by group V secretory phospholipase A2 (GV-LDL) promotes macrophage foam cell formation through a mechanism independent of scavenger receptors SR-A and CD36, and dependent on cellular proteoglycans. This study investigates the role of syndecans, a family of cell surface proteoglycans known to mediate endocytosis through macropinocytosis, in macrophage uptake of GV-LDL. LY 294002, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, significantly reduced internalization of (125)I-labeled GV-LDL in J-774 macrophages, consistent with a macropinocytic uptake pathway. Using small, interfering RNA-directed gene silencing, we demonstrated a direct relationship between (125)I-labeled GV-LDL binding and the level of syndecan-3 and syndecan-4 expression in J-774 cells. However, (125)I-labeled GV-LDL uptake was significantly reduced only when syndecan-4 expression was suppressed. Peritoneal macrophages from syndecan-4-deficient mice exhibited markedly reduced uptake of fluorescently labeled GV-LDL compared with wild-type cells. Furthermore, cholesteryl ester accumulation induced by GV-LDL was dependent on syndecan-4 expression. Syndecan-4 expression and GV-LDL binding were significantly increased in J-774 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide, suggesting that GV-LDL uptake via this pathway may be enhanced during inflammation. Taken together, our data point to a novel role for syndecan-4 in mediating the uptake of GV-LDL, a process implicated in atherosclerotic lesion progression.
Frequency Domain Description Of Interferogram Analysis (1984)

Interferogram analysis is discussed as a sampling problem using the concepts of Fourier analysis. The relative merits of random, raster, and uniform sampling of a wavefront are examined. A relationship between a global least squares fit and interpolation in the spatial domain and transfer functions in the frequency domain is described.
High-average-power quasi-cw tunable polymer laser (1995)

The world's first high efficient quasi-CW polymer dye laser is described. An average output power of more than 6 W was achieved in a broad band operation mode, at 25 kHz pulse repetition frequency. A tunability over 555-660 nm wavelength range was demonstrated in a narrow band operation mode with minimum 0.5 W of average output power. A stable operation of the polymer laser for more than 2 hours was observed at output power level of 4 W. The integrated output energy of 30 kJ was obtained from one polymer element that corresponds o 220 million pulses.
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Sensing for Industrial Processes (2009)

A sensing method is presented which offers major potential benefits for industrial processes. The method, developed from electrical spectroscopy, aims to discriminate between the component materials in a process and, with calibration data, identify specific materials; for example in batch chemical reactors for the manufacture of pharmaceutical products. The method addresses the key design need to complete a sensing operation within a temporal window that allows for the process dynamics. Two key system requirements are considered. First, a review is included of candidate excitation signals, in terms of the major parameters of interest, for the relevant frequency range. Second, the acquisition of the corresponding response signals and the extraction of the spectroscopic data from which the materials of interest may be identified. This is based upon an algorithm which is introduced based on the wavelet transform. The composite method is illustrated in trials using a process impedance simulation model and experimental tests on a crystallization process. This paper offers conclusions for applications of the fast sensing method to characterize different process (and other) materials.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Versatile Neuraminic Acid “C”‐Disaccharide Precursor for the Synthesis of C‐Glycoside Analogues of Gangliosides. (2000)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Introduction to Probability (2003)

Reprint of entire volume Discrete probability distributions (Chapter 1) Continuous probability densities (Chapter 2) Combinatorics (Chapter 3) Conditional probability (Chapter 4) Important distributions and densities (Chapter 5) Expected value and variance (Chapter 6) Sums of independent random variables (Chapter 7) Law of large numbers (Chapter 8) Central limit theorem (Chapter 9) Generating functions (Chapter 10) Markov chains (Chapter 11) Random walks (Chapter 12) Appendices Index.
Amino‐Substituted Heterocycles as Isosteres of trans‐Cinnamides: Design and Synthesis of Heterocyclic Biaryl Sulfides as Potent Antagonists of LFA‐1/ICAM‐1 Binding. (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.