gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Impact of linguistic analysis on the semantic graph coverage and learning of document extracts (2005)

Automatic document summarization is a problem of creating a document surrogate that adequately represents the full document content. We aim at a summarization system that can replicate the quality of summaries created by humans. In this paper we investigate the machine learning method for extracting full sentences from documents based on the document semantic graph structure. In particular, we explore how the Support Vector Machines (SVM) learning method is affected by the quality of linguistic analyses and the corresponding semantic graph representations. We apply two types of linguistic analysis: (1) a simple part-of-speech tagging of noun phrases and verbs and (2) full logical form analysis which identifies Subject-Predicate-Object triples, and then build the semantic graphs. We train the SVM classifier to identify summary nodes and use these nodes to extract sentences. Experiments with the DUC 2002 and CAST datasets show that the SVM based extraction of sentences does not differ significantly for the simple and the sophisticated syntactic analysis. In both cases the graph attributes used in learning are essential for the classifier performance and the quality of extracted summaries.
Structural and Metabolic Transitions of C4 Leaf Development and Differentiation Defined by Microscopy and Quantitative Proteomics in Maize (2010)

C(4) grasses, such as maize (Zea mays), have high photosynthetic efficiency through combined biochemical and structural adaptations. C(4) photosynthesis is established along the developmental axis of the leaf blade, leading from an undifferentiated leaf base just above the ligule into highly specialized mesophyll cells (MCs) and bundle sheath cells (BSCs) at the tip. To resolve the kinetics of maize leaf development and C(4) differentiation and to obtain a systems-level understanding of maize leaf formation, the accumulation profiles of proteomes of the leaf and the isolated BSCs with their vascular bundle along the developmental gradient were determined using large-scale mass spectrometry. This was complemented by extensive qualitative and quantitative microscopy analysis of structural features (e.g., Kranz anatomy, plasmodesmata, cell wall, and organelles). More than 4300 proteins were identified and functionally annotated. Developmental protein accumulation profiles and hierarchical cluster analysis then determined the kinetics of organelle biogenesis, formation of cellular structures, metabolism, and coexpression patterns. Two main expression clusters were observed, each divided in subclusters, suggesting that a limited number of developmental regulatory networks organize concerted protein accumulation along the leaf gradient. The coexpression with BSC and MC markers provided strong candidates for further analysis of C(4) specialization, in particular transporters and biogenesis factors. Based on the integrated information, we describe five developmental transitions that provide a conceptual and practical template for further analysis. An online protein expression viewer is provided through the Plant Proteome Database.
A 12.46µW Baseband Timing Circuitry for Synchronization and Duty-Cycling of Scalable Wireless Mesh Networks in IoT (2018)

This work presents baseband timing circuitry that enables scalable synchronization and aggressive duty-cycling of peer-to-peer IoT nodes for low-power wireless communication. The circuitry is compatible with commercial RF front ends and is insensitive to the phase and frequency offsets of the received signal due to the differential detector. An analog correlator enables low-latency detection of a synchronization packet, or syncword. The detected syncword is used to advance the phase of a nonlinear pulse-coupled oscillator, which drives the network to a synchronized state. The circuits consume 12.46 μW in 0.01 % duty-cycled mode while detecting a 63-bit syncword at 1.25 Mbps with BER = 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> at SNR = 5 dB. Synchronization of three wireless nodes is demonstrated.
Abstract 4005: Understanding the mechanism of 2FF-induced immune modulation (2016)

Abstract Fucosylation is the process of adding a fucose sugar to a glycan chain. The fucose analog, 2-fluorofucose (2FF), has been shown to inhibit cellular fucosylation by depletion of the fucosylation substrate, GDP-fucose, as well as direct inhibition of fucosyltransferases. 2FF has shown promising activity in a number of tumor models. For example 2FF enhanced the protective effect of a lymphoma vaccine (Okeley et al, PNAS 110, 2013), and this protection was determined to be immune dependent since depletion of CD4 and CD8 T-Cells reduced the 2FF/vaccine activity. Due to the complex nature of immune interactions in vivo we established an experimental system using human PBMCs to assess how 2FF-mediated immune changes may contribute to 2FF anti-tumor activity. Human PBMCs were matured in the presence of 2FF for 10 days and phenotypic analysis was performed. Using lectin binding, we found that 2FF dose-dependently decreased cell surface fucosylation which correlated with decreased levels of GDP-fucose and formation of GDP-2FF. 2FF-treatment alone had minimal effect on immune cell phenotype and no significant changes in activation or lineage markers were identified. Recently receptor fucosylation has been shown to be critical for BCR antigen recognition and antibody production (Li et al, J Immunol 194, 2015) as well as TLR recognition and signaling through the scavenger receptor DC-SIGN (Gringhuis et al, Nat Commun 5, 2014). As the TCR is reported to be fucosylated and basal signaling and activation of this receptor is regulated by a galectin-glycoprotein lattice we hypothesized that afucosylation following 2FF treatment may affect TCR functionality. During TCR engagement and activation the galectin-glycoprotein lattice is disrupted. 2FF-treated T cells show decreased galectin-3 levels and when activated have increased and more sustained TCR signaling, shown by increased levels of phosphorylated TCR associated proteins. Additionally, 2FF-treated T cells show increased tetramer specific binding. These data indicate that alteration in surface fucosylation on T cells impacts the regulatory glycoprotein lattice that negatively influences T cell action. Following up on this observation, in co-cultures 2FF-treated T cells activate dendritic cells in a contact dependent and antigen specific manner, shown by upregulation of maturation markers MHCII, CD83, CD86 and CD40. Overall we hypothesize that 2FF-treated T cells are more easily activated due to decreased avidity of galectin-3 binding to glycoproteins which lowers the threshold of lattice disruption by peptide-MHC resulting in easier TCR engagement, increased TCR signaling, and dendritic cell maturation. Citation Format: Jessica J. Field, Nicole M. Okeley, Weiping Zeng, Che-Leung Law, Peter D. Senter, Shyra J. Gardai. Understanding the mechanism of 2FF-induced immune modulation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4005.
A rapid and sensitive method to measure DNA endonuclease activity (1993)

Journal Article A rapid and sensitive method to measure DNA endonuclease activity Get access Maria J. Yebra, Maria J. Yebra Department of Chemistry, Wayne State UniversityDetroit, Ml 48202, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ashok Bhagwat Ashok Bhagwat * Department of Chemistry, Wayne State UniversityDetroit, Ml 48202, USA * To whom correspondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 21, Issue 24, 11 December 1993, Pages 5797–5798, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/21.24.5797 Published: 11 December 1993 Article history Received: 04 October 1993 Accepted: 05 November 1993 Published: 11 December 1993
Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Cytotoxicity and Sustained Inhibition of Neointimal Formation by Fibroblast Growth Factor 2–Saporin Fusion Protein (1997)

Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2) is an important mediator of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation following arterial injury that results in neointimal growth. The present study was designed to explore the effects of recombinant FGF2 linked to the ribosome-inactivating protein saporin-6 (rFGF2-SAP) on vascular SMC cytotoxicity and neointimal formation following arterial injury. Cultured rat aortic SMCs were exposed to various concentrations of rFGF2-SAP, FGF2, and saporin-6 (SAP). Incubation with rFGF2-SAP resulted in a decreased number of SMCs beginning at a concentration of 10(-9) mol/L. Significant cytotoxicity was observed with as little as a 30-minute exposure of SMCs to rFGF2-SAP. To evaluate the ability of rFGF2-SAP in an in vivo model to reduce neointimal formation, Sprague-Dawley rats underwent carotid artery balloon denudation and received an intravenous bolus of vehicle or 5, 10, 15, or 20 micrograms/kg rFGF2-SAP on 0, 3, 6, and 9 days after injury. Rats were euthanized at 14 days, and carotid arteries were analyzed by computerized morphometry. The threshold dose for a significant reduction in neointimal area by rFGF2-SAP was 15 micrograms/kg (47% reduction in neointima). When dosing was extended to include days 16, 19, and 22, the neointima was reduced 33% at 28 days (P = .048). rFGF2-SAP reduced neointima without associated medial thinning or arterial wall dilatation. To determine if rFGF2-SAP directly targets SMCs in vivo, rats underwent carotid injury and received either 15 micrograms/kg rFGF2-SAP or vehicle on day 0 and at 72 hours, with euthanasia at 78 hours after balloon denudation. Medial SMC number was reduced 46% in the rFGF2-SAP group. Tissue sections from arteries 3 days after balloon injury demonstrated rFGF2-SAP binding to medial SMCs and adventitial cells. Staining for fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 revealed a high level of expression in ballooned arteries 3 and 14 days after injury. Taken together, these results provide a molecular and cellular basis for the observed specificity. Prolonged delivery of rFGF2-SAP can affect the natural history of arterial repair after injury.
Implementation of IEC61499 Distributed Function Block Architecture for Industrial Measurement and Control Systems (IPMCS) (2002)

Distributed measurement and control systems have begun to be accepted in manufacturing automation systems. Software modules called function blocks are applied to lessen the complexity and high engineering cost of a distributed system. The IEC 61499 is a new international standard introduced for the application of function blocks in distributed control environment. It aims to standardize the design and application of IEC
Selective frame discard for interactive video (2004)

A mobile terminal equipped with multiple interfaces can achieve a much higher bandwidth by aggregating the bandwidth offered by the individual networks. This helps support demanding applications like interactive video. Often, in spite of bandwidth aggregation, the available bandwidth may be too small to avoid frame loss altogether. Under these circumstances, it may be necessary to selectively discard frames to minimize the effect of their loss on the overall video quality. In this paper, we consider different frame discard algorithms and study their performance in the presence of multiple interfaces. We show through trace driven simulations that attempting to transmit every frame results in severe performance degradation. In particular we show that our proposed algorithm MC-drop outperforms other algorithms in terms of suitably defined metrics that capture overall video quality.
EYE CLOSING DETECTION USING EYELID MOTION (1997)

In this paper, the authors present a method for detecting driver drowsiness by using an eye movement detection method. Image processing is used to detect eyelid motion in a face image.
Influence of a glycosaminoglycan polysulfate (Arteparon) on lysosomal enzyme release from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. (1982)

In order to study the mechanism of action of a sulfated glycosaminoglycan (Arteparon) its influence upon the release of lysosomal enzymes from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) was investigated. Several fractions of tested glycosaminoglycan were used, differing in molecular weight (from 3,000 to 17,000). Human PMNL were incubated with zymosan particles opsonized with autologous serum. Preincubation with separate glycosaminoglycan fractions in concentrations 10(-3) M and 10(-4) M for 1 hr resulted in a significant activity decrease of released beta glucuronidase, neutral proteinase and myeloperoxidase. The concentration 10(-5) M was less active. Determination of total enzyme activities were made after cells (either incubated with tested glycosaminoglycan fractions for 1 hr or without incubation) were lysed by six freeze-thaw cycles. Sulfated glycosaminoglycan fractions inhibited all total enzyme activities. These results suggest direct inhibitory effect of tested drugs on lysosomal enzymes based on an interaction between inhibitor and enzyme.
Visualizing large telecommunication data sets (1999)

Global telecommunication services create an enormous volume of real time data. Long distance voice networks, for example, can complete more than 250 million calls a day; wide area data networks can support many hundreds of thousands of virtual circuits and millions of Internet protocol (IP) flows and Web server sessions. Unlike terabyte databases, which typically contain images or multimedia streams, telecommunication databases mainly contain numerous small records describing transactions and network status events. The data processing involved therefore differs markedly, both in the number of records and the data items interpreted. To efficiently configure and operate these networks, as well as manage performance and reliability for the user, these vast data sets must be understandable. Increasingly, visualization proves key to achieving this goal. AT&T Infolab is an interdisciplinary project created in 1996 to explore how software, data management and analysis, and visualization can combine to attack information problems involving large scale networks. The data Infolab collects daily reaches tens of gigabytes. The Infolab project Swift-3D uses interactive 3D maps with statistical widgets, topology diagrams, and pixel oriented displays to abstract network data and let users interact with it. We have implemented a full scale Swift-3D prototype, which generated the examples presented.
Dose‐proportionality, bioavailability, and steady‐state kinetics of astemizole in man (1986)

Abstract The pharmacokinetics and dose‐proportionality of astemizole (AST) (10, 20, and 30 mg given orally) were studied in 12 healthy male subjects by radioimmunoassay after selective extraction, enabling the determination of the plasma levels of AST and its major metabolite desmethylastemizole (DES‐AST). Peak levels of AST were reached within 1 hr. Plasma levels decayed biphasically with terminal half‐lives of about 1 day for AST and about 10 days for DES‐AST. Areas under the curve of parent drug accounted for 5% of those of DES‐AST. The bioavailability/bioequivalence of AST was studied in 21 healthy subjects according to a three‐way cross‐over design. Subjects received orally 30‐mg doses as a tablet, suspension, or solution. The study demonstrated an equal bioavailability of the drug from the three formulations since rate and extent of absorption were not significantly different. In patients with perennial allergic rhinitis, treated for 20 weeks with AST 10 mg/day, steady‐state was reached within 1 week for AST and within 4 weeks for DES‐AST. Elimination half‐lives after chronic treatment were similar to those after single dosing. Steady‐state plasma levels were in close agreement with predicted levels, indicative of linear pharmacokinetics of AST in man.
Enhancing performance efficiency of sealing surfaces using carbon-based coatings (2014)

Diamond Hard Surfaces Ltd has developed a unique, patented plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition technology that can be applied to a variety of substrates at low temperature and is able to improve the performance of sealing interfaces significantly. This article looks at this technology and the coating material it produces and discusses these in the context of other carbon-based materials – comparing physical characteristics, performance and methods of application. It also presents the results obtained and design considerations.
Computing Coastal Ocean Surface Currents From Infrared and Ocean Color Satellite Imagery (2007)

Many previous studies have demonstrated the viability of estimating advective ocean surface currents from sequential infrared satellite imagery using the maximum cross-correlation (MCC) technique when applied to 1.1-km-resolution Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) thermal infrared imagery. Applied only to infrared imagery, cloud cover and undesirable viewing conditions (gaps in satellite data and edge-of-scan distortions) limit the spatial and temporal coverage of the resulting velocity fields. In addition, MCC currents are limited to those represented by the displacements of thermal surface patterns, and hence, isothermal flow is not detected by the MCC method. The possibility of supplementing MCC currents derived from thermal AVHRR imagery was examined, with currents calculated from 1.1-km-resolution Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) ocean color imagery, which often have spatial patterns complementary to the thermal infrared patterns. Statistical comparisons are carried out between yearlong collections of thermal and ocean color derived MCC velocities for the central California Current. It is found that the image surface patterns and resulting MCC velocities complement one another to reduce the effects of poor viewing conditions and isothermal flow. The two velocity products are found to agree quite well with a mean correlation of 0.74, a mean rms difference of 7.4 cm/s, and a mean bias less than 2 cm/s which is considerably smaller than the established absolute error of the MCC method. Merging the thermal and ocean color MCC velocity fields increases the spatial coverage by approximately 25% for this specific case study
A data mining approach to predict users' Next question in QA system (2015)

In a Question Answering system, the user submits a question and waits for the answer as the response. If the system is capable of predicting the user's future interest as the next question, its performance will improve greatly. This paper predicts users' future questions based on the current interaction records of the user with the system. Their current interactions with the system show what they are interested in. These interaction records are maintained in the form of Questions log from which the user sessions are extracted. Based on the user sessions, the system predicts the next question for which the user may become interested in near future. A sample Questions Log is selected for the purpose of performing experiments. The model of Association rule mining is applied to predict the future question of the user.
A 36-Residue Peptide Contains All of the Information Required for 7B2-mediated Activation of Prohormone Convertase 2 (1999)

The prohormone convertases (PCs) are serine proteinases responsible for the processing of secretory protein precursors. PC2 is the only member of this family whose activation requires intracellular interaction with a helper protein, the neuroendocrine protein 7B2. In order to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of proPC2 activation, we have characterized the structural determinants of 7B2 required for proPC2 activation. We had already identified a proline-rich binding determinant in the 21-kDa domain, the portion of 7B2 responsible for proPC2 activation. We have now investigated the function of the weakly conserved amino-terminal portion of 21-kDa 7B2 by sequential deletions. Mutant proteins were analyzed in four assays: binding to proPC2, facilitation of proPC2 maturation, and activation of proPC2 in vivo and in vitro. We found that the amino-terminal half of 7B2 is not involved in proPC2 activation, and we identified an active 36-residue peptide that contains the previously characterized proline-rich sequence as well as an alpha-helix and the only disulfide bond of 7B2. Mutation of the alpha-helix and of the cysteines demonstrated that these determinants are absolutely required for PC2 activation. Thus, the 186-residue full-length 7B2 rat protein can be functionally reduced to an internal segment of only 36 residues.
In Vivo Stability and Clinical Comparison of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Low or High Femoral Tunnel Positions (2010)

The low femoral tunnel group showed better internal rotational stability at time zero during ACL reconstruction but similar anterior and external rotational stabilities. No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of clinical outcomes and stabilities after a minimum follow-up of 2 years.
A survey on the ietf protocol suite for the internet of things: standards, challenges, and opportunities (2013)

Technologies to support the Internet of Things are becoming more important as the need to better understand our environments and make them smart increases. As a result it is predicted that intelligent devices and networks, such as WSNs, will not be isolated, but connected and integrated, composing computer networks. So far, the IP-based Internet is the largest network in the world; therefore, there are great strides to connect WSNs with the Internet. To this end, the IETF has developed a suite of protocols and open standards for accessing applications and services for wireless resource constrained networks. However, many open challenges remain, mostly due to the complex deployment characteristics of such systems and the stringent requirements imposed by various services wishing to make use of such complex systems. Thus, it becomes critically important to study how the current approaches to standardization in this area can be improved, and at the same time better understand the opportunities for the research community to contribute to the IoT field. To this end, this article presents an overview of current standards and research activities in both industry and academia.
Development of an IoT-Based Construction Worker Physiological Data Monitoring Platform at High Temperatures (2020)

This study presents an IoT-based construction worker physiological data monitoring platform using an off-the-shelf wearable smart band. The developed platform is designed for construction workers performing under high temperatures, and the platform is composed of two parts: an overall heat assessment (OHS) and a personal management system (PMS). OHS manages the breaktimes for groups of workers based using a thermal comfort index (TCI), as provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), while PMS assesses the individual health risk level based on fuzzy theory using data acquired from a commercially available smart band. The device contains three sensors (PPG, Acc, and skin temperature), two modules (LoRa and GPS), and a power supply, which are embedded into a microcontroller (MCU). Thus, approved personnel can monitor the status as well as the current position of a construction worker via a PC or smartphone, and can make necessary decisions remotely. The platform was tested in both indoor and outdoor environment for reliability, achieved less than 1% of error, and received satisfactory feedback from on-site users.