gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High reliability using virtual MIMO based mesh network for maritime wireless communication (2016)

High-Capacity, reliable communication over sea has always been a challenge due to vast distances. Transhorizon non-line-of-sight (NLOS) communication has further reliability issues. This paper proposes a trans-horizon link based data communication with high availability in maritime wireless communication backhaul network over sea using evaporation duct. Currently long-range, high-speed backhaul communication over sea is limited to line-of-sight (LOS) distances requiring high antenna towers for microwave radio link or satellite based backhaul link which is limited in bandwidth. Using evaporation duct, present over Malaysian water in South China Sea surface to our advantage, we can achieve results for a long-range, non-line-of-sight (NLOS) maritime wireless backhaul high-speed communication link. With high reliability and capacity this could be the best alternative for long-range, high-speed maritime communication. Virtual MIMO based Mesh Network can further increase availability and capacity performance for a NLOS broadband maritime wireless communication Network.
Assisted GPS and its impact on navigation in intelligent transportation systems (2003)

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the assisted GPS positioning technique and its impact on the navigation in intelligent transportation systems. Due to the FCC E911 mandate and the market requirements for location based services, the mobile wireless communications and GPS positioning have been forced to merge. The assisted GPS, which integrates the mobile phone with GPS receiver, to ensure the GPS receiver works normally in certain bad environments by aiding information provided via the mobile phone. Users can benefit more form the assisted GPS than from conventional GPS. The assisted GPS positioning has a number of advantages over a typical vehicle location and navigation system. The assisted GPS has impacts not only on the vehicle navigation itself, but also on other aspects in intelligent transportation systems, as well as on the personal navigation and services.
Optimizing Throughput with Carrier Sensing Adaptation for IEEE 802.11 Mesh Networks Based on Loss Differentiation (2007)

In high density (HD) mesh networks, packet losses can occur due to co-channel interference (asynchronous interference) or collisions (synchronous interference). In this paper, we first propose a novel method of estimating the probability of collision and interference statistically. Further, we integrate this differentiation method with physical carrier sensing adaptation in a novel centralized algorithm to improve the aggregate throughput in HD mesh network. Extensive simulations results show that the on-line algorithm approaches the optimal throughput predicted by analytical models.
Asymmetric reconfigurable OADMs for next generation metro-DWDM networks (2004)

Reconfigurable OADMs allow responding to unpredictable traffic demand. We propose ROADM structures with asymmetric flexibility at the add vs. drop section and a metric to evaluate their flexibility and their applications in metro-DWDM optical networks.
Fast Algorithms to Partition Simple RectilinearPolygons (1990)

Two algorithms to partition hole‐free rectilinear polygons are developed. One has complexity ∼ O( kn ) and the other O( n log k ) where n is the number of vertices in the polygon and k is the smaller of the number of vertical and horizontal inversions of the polygon, k is a measure of the simplicity of a polygon. Since k is small for most practical polygons, our algorithms are fast in practice. Experimental results comparing our algorithms with that of Imai and Asano [1] are also presented.
60 GHz cascode LNA with interstage matching: performance comparison between 130nm BiCMOS and 65nm CMOS-SOI technologies (2009)

This paper presents a comparative study between two mm-wave technologies from STMicroelectronics: 130 nm BiCMOS and 65 nm CMOS-SOI, through the implementation of a single stage LNA at 60 GHz. Both distributed and lumped design approaches are investigated to work out the best trade-off between silicon saving and performances. The two circuits achieve respectively 12 dB and 6 dB gain, 3.6 dB and 4.5 dB noise figure under 2.5V and 1.2V supply voltage for BiCMOS9MW and CMOS-SOI technologies. The LNA are based on cascode topology with a specific interstage matching for f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> and f <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> improvement. The current density and transistor sizing are set to perform the lowest NF at 60 GHz, the current consumption is 3.7 mA and 13 mA for BiCMOS9MW and CMOS-SOI LNA respectively.
Lateral Organic Solar Cells with Self‐Assembled Semiconductor Nanowires (2014)

Solution‐processable organic semiconductor nanowires (NWs) offer a potentially powerful strategy for producing large‐area printed flexible devices. Here, the fabrication of lateral organic solar cells (LOSC) using solution‐processed organic NW blends on a flexible substrate to produce a power source for use in flexible integrated microelectronics is reported. A high photocarrier generation and an efficient charge sweep out are achieved by incorporating 1D self‐assembled poly(3‐hexylthiophene) NWs into the active layer, and an MoO 3 interfacial layer with high work function is introduced to increase the built‐in potential. These structures significantly increase the carrier diffusion/drift length and overall generated photocurrent in the channel. The utility of the LOSCs for high power source applications is demonstrated by using interdigitated electrode patterns that consist of multiple devices connected in parallel or in series. High photovoltage‐producing LOSC modules on plastic substrates for use in flexible optoelectronic devices are successfully fabricated. The LOSCs described here offer a new device architecture for use in highly flexible photoresponsive energy devices.
Efficient Cross-User Deduplication of Encrypted Data Through Re-Encryption (2018)

Cross-user deduplication is an emerging technique to ease the burden of cloud storage in big data era by storing only one copy of duplicate data. Efficiency reflects the feasibility and is a basic consideration when applying the deduplication scheme. However, in order to achieve certain level of security, existing works suffer from heavy overhead of computation as well as communication, which is a big obstacle for the actual deployment. In this paper, we propose an efficient cross-user deduplication scheme for encrypted data, which takes the lead to consider the efficiency during deduplication and makes it a reality to achieve secure deduplication in a lightweight way. To ensure the efficiency, we utilize the proposed re-encryption technique together with a non-interactive convergent key generation scheme to eliminate the cost of users and support batch verification of recovered data. The simulation results show that, with the same level of security guaranteed, the proposed scheme is more efficient comparing with the state of the art.
Endocannabinoid Degradation Inhibition Improves Neurobehavioral Function, Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity, and Neuroinflammation following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (2014)

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an increasingly frequent and poorly understood condition lacking effective therapeutic strategies. Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are critical components of injury, and targeted interventions to reduce their contribution to injury should improve neurobehavioral recovery and outcomes. Recent evidence reveals potential protective, yet short-lived, effects of the endocannabinoids (ECs), 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoyl-ethanolamine (AEA), on neuroinflammatory and OS processes after TBI. The aim of this study was to determine whether EC degradation inhibition after TBI would improve neurobehavioral recovery by reducing inflammatory and oxidative damage. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a 5-mm left lateral craniotomy, and TBI was induced by lateral fluid percussion. TBI produced apnea (17±5 sec) and a delayed righting reflex (479±21 sec). Thirty minutes post-TBI, rats were randomized to receive intraperitoneal injections of vehicle (alcohol, emulphor, and saline; 1:1:18) or a selective inhibitor of 2-AG (JZL184, 16 mg/kg) or AEA (URB597, 0.3 mg/kg) degradation. At 24 h post-TBI, animals showed significant neurological and -behavioral impairment as well as disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Improved neurological and -behavioral function was observed in JZL184-treated animals. BBB integrity was protected in both JZL184- and URB597-treated animals. No significant differences in ipsilateral cortex messenger RNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX2) and protein expression of COX2 or NOX2 were observed across experimental groups. Astrocyte and microglia activation was significantly increased post-TBI, and treatment with JZL184 or URB597 blocked activation of both cell types. These findings suggest that EC degradation inhibition post-TBI exerts neuroprotective effects. Whether repeated dosing would achieve greater protection remains to be examined.
Pitfalls in the Diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 1 (2004)

The cytologic and histologic diagnosis of CIN 1 is fraught with problems related to the subjectivity of the diagnosis. Both management options are also fraught with concerns. Any technique that can better predict disease course would be an advantage to the care of women with this abnormality.
Accurate localization by fusing images and GPS signals (2015)

Localization in 3D is an important problem with wide ranging applications from autonomous navigation in robotics to location specific services on mobile devices. GPS sensors are a commercially viable option for localization, and are ubiquitous in their use, especially in portable devices. With the proliferation of mobile cameras however, maturing localization algorithms based on computer vision are emerging as a viable alternative. Although both vision and GPS based localization algorithms have many limitations and inaccuracies, there are some interesting complimentarities in their success/failure scenarios that justify an investigation into their joint utilization. Such investigations are further justified considering that many of the modern wearable and mobile computing devices come with sensors for both GPS and vision. In this work, we investigate approaches to reinforce GPS localization with vision algorithms and vice versa. Specifically, we show how noisy GPS signals can be rectified by vision based localization of images captured in the vicinity. Alternatively, we also show how GPS readouts might be used to disambiguate images when they are visually similar looking but belong to different places. Finally, we empirically validate our solutions to show that fusing both these approaches can result in a more accurate and reliable localization of videos captured with a Contour action camera, over a 600 meter long path, over 10 different days.
Discretionary Decision Making By Primary Care Physicians And The Cost Of U.S. Health Care (2008)

Efforts to improve the quality and costs of U.S. health care have focused largely on fostering physician adherence to evidence-based guidelines, ignoring the role of clinical judgment in more discretionary settings. We surveyed primary care physicians to assess variability in discretionary decision making and evaluate its relationship to the cost of health care. Physicians in high-spending regions see patients back more frequently and are more likely to recommend screening tests of unproven benefit and discretionary interventions compared with physicians in low-spending regions; however, both appear equally likely to recommend guideline-supported interventions. Greater attention should be paid to the local factors that influence physicians' clinical judgment in discretionary settings.
Novel extracellular enzymes (ligninases) of Phanerochaete chrysosporium (1985)

3 New spectrophotometric enzyme assays were developed for the study of microbial lignin-degrading enzymes. The conversion of 2-methoxy-3-phenylbenzoic acid to 2-hydroxy-3-phenylbenzoic acid led to the discovery of an extracellular, aromatic methyl ether demethylase produced by the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The conversion of methyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylbenzoate to 2-hydroxy-3-phenylbenzoic acid allowed the identification of an extracellular, aromatic methyl ester esterase produced by this fungus. The Phanerochaete sp. also excreted an enzyme complex that oxidized 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one, probably to aliphatic products. All 3 novel enzyme activities were produced together with, and probably comprise a part of, the Phanerochaete ligninolytic enzyme complex. Unlike previously known ligninases, these enzymes did not oxidize 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol. All 3 were H2O2-dependent and were activated by Mn2+ ions.
Dehydrothermal Crosslinking of Electrospun Collagen (2010)

Electrospun collagen scaffolds must be crosslinked to improve stability. Chemical crosslinking methods are often associated with cytotoxicity and can require lengthy rinsing procedures to remove the crosslinker. Physical crosslinking using dehydrothermal (DHT) treatment is utilized to stabilize fibrous collagen sponges; however, little is known regarding the effect of DHT crosslinking on electrospun collagen. To investigate the efficacy of DHT crosslinking, soluble type I collagen was electrospun and exposed to DHT crosslinking, chemical crosslinking with N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC; 5 mM), and DHT+EDC. DHT crosslinking produced no change in scaffold fiber diameter or interfiber distance and reduced scaffold degradation. Strength was significantly improved by DHT (139.0 ± 34.9 kPa) compared to control but was weaker than EDC or DHT+EDC (222.7 ± 58.4, 353.3 ± 19.0 kPa, respectively). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated increased amide bond formation with DHT compared to control but a lower amide bond density than EDC or DHT+EDC. After crosslinking, sterilization, and rinsing (a total of 50 h for DHT, 98 h for EDC, and 122 h for DHT+EDC), fibroblasts adhered and proliferated on all scaffolds; however, cell metabolism was 12% less on DHT scaffolds. These data indicate that DHT crosslinking can be utilized to stabilize electrospun collagen scaffolds; however, a tradeoff exists between scaffold stability/strength and rapid processing.
Growth of Eu Doped GaN and Electroluminescence from MIS Structure (1999)

Efficient Eu-related photoluminescence was observed from Eu doped GaN grown by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy using ammonia as a nitrogen source on Al2O3(0001) or Si(111) substrates. Photoluminescence spectra from Eu doped GaN show red emission at 622 nm which can be assigned as 5D0–7F2 transition of Eu3+ ion. The effects of the growth conditions and substrates on the luminescence intensity were studied, and the emission mechanism was suggested based on the photoluminescence excitation spectra. Room temperature operation of MIS diodes composed of Eu doped GaN were demonstrated.
Optimized Solvent Vapor Annealing for Long-Range Perpendicular Lamellae in PS-<i>b</i>-PMMA Films (2016)

We report a simple approach to fabricating highly stable, perpendicularly oriented lamellae through the self-assembly of high-molecular-weight polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA). Using a solvent vapor annealing (SVA) process controlled by modulating the temperature gap between the chamber and bottom plate, followed by a subsequent thermal annealing process, the ordering stability of perpendicularly oriented lamellae was investigated. The temperature gap that regulates the solvent absorption and dewetting times of the swollen block copolymer (BCP) films was adjusted to enable the films to wet a neutral substrate, thereby facilitating ordering and structural development with no ordering failure. An optimized SVA process at a selected temperature gap of 5 °C was found to display the excellent long-term stability, at which highly ordered line arrays composed of perpendicularly oriented lamellae were confined to large-width (3.2 μm) topographic line patterns. This study also provides the effective time window for the SVA process, suggesting a simple and efficient route to fabricating long-range lateral ordering in BCP self-assembled structures.
<i>In situ</i>characterization of the formation of a mixed conducting phase on the surface of yttria-stabilized zirconia near Pt electrodes (2015)

The electrochemical reactions of solid oxide fuel cells occur in the region where gas-phase species, electrode, and electrolyte coincide. When the electrode is an ionic insulator and the electrolyte is an electronic insulator, this triple phase boundary is assumed to have atomic dimensions. Here we use photoemission electron microscopy to show that the reduced surface of the electrolyte yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has a sharp electronic metal-insulator boundary near Pt negative electrodes. The electronic conductivity of the reduced YSZ allows for oxygen reduction, allowing the reduced YSZ to behave as an extended triple phase boundary. This extended triple phase boundary can be many microns in size, depending on oxygen pressure, temperature, applied voltage, and time.
Efficient and Continuous Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide Using a Silica Capillary Coated with a Thin Palladium or Platinum Layer (2015)

Abstract The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was studied using a silica capillary tube (o.d. 0.45 mm, i.d. 0.33 mm, length 1000 mm) coated with a thin palladium (Pd) or platinum (Pt) layer. The inner walls of the capillary were coated with a homogenous thin layer of metal by electroless plating. This metal-coated capillary provided rapid and continuous decomposition of H2O2 at room temperature within a residence time of 9.6 s, simply by passing the solution through the capillary. A capillary without Pd or Pt coating was unable to decompose H2O2 even at 50 °C. Pt proved to be a better catalyst than Pd. We also studied the effect of temperature, pH, concentration of H2O2 and the residence time on decomposition of H2O2.
A multivariate method for detecting genetic linkage, with application to a pedigree with an adverse lipoprotein phenotype. (1990)

The robust or model-free method for detecting linkage developed by Haseman and Elston for data from sib pairs is extended to incorporate observations of multiple traits on each individual. A method is proposed that estimates the linear function that results in the strongest correlation between the squared pair differences in the trait measurements and identity by descent at a marker locus. The method is illustrated by the study of apolipoprotein and cholesterol levels in individuals from a large family that had many members diagnosed with coronary heart disease.
Conductivity of suspended and non-suspended graphene at finite gate voltage (2008)

We compute the dc and the optical conductivity of graphene for finite values of the chemical potential by taking into account the effect of disorder, due to midgap states (unitary scatterers) and charged impurities, and the effect of both optical and acoustic phonons. The disorder due to midgap states is treated in the coherent-potential approximation (a self-consistent approach based on the Dyson equation) whereas that due to charged impurities is also treated via the Dyson equation with the self-energy computed using second-order perturbation theory. The effect of the phonons is also included via the Dyson equation with the self-energy computed using first-order perturbation theory. The self-energy due to phonons is computed both using the bare electronic Green's function and the full electronic Green's function although we show that the effect of disorder on the phonon propagator is negligible. Our results are in qualitative agreement with recent experiments. Quantitative agreement could be obtained if one assumes water molecules under the graphene substrate. We also comment on the electron-hole asymmetry observed in the dc conductivity of suspended graphene.
Increase of vibration threshold during wrist flexion in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (1986)

The most prominent symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) are sensory, with intermittent numbness, paraesthesiae and pain in the fingers innervated by the median nerve. No consistent signs are found by neurological examination, however. Conventional sensibility tests are positive in only about 50% of the cases. This applies also to quantitative tests such as measurement of the perception threshold for vibration (VT). In an attempt to find a more reliable indication and improve the diagnostic value of sensory testing, determination of VT was combined with provocation by means of wrist flexion. In a patient group with neurophysiologically verified CTS, all patients exhibited an increase to at least twice the VT value in the fingers innervated by the median nerve. No increase was seen in the little finger or in a control group of patients with digital paraesthesiae but with normal neurophysiological findings. It is concluded that VT measurements during wrist flexion can be used as a supplementary or alternative diagnostic criterion to indicate that the nerve dysfunction is located in the carpal tunnel.
An evaluation of the performance of parallel database operators using Phoenix MapReduce (2009)

The database join operator is the most expensive operator of the relational algebra operators. Many highly efficient sequential and parallel operators exist, based on several core techniques: sort-merge, hash and nested-loops. We present the design and implementation of two parallel operators: an equi-join and a grouping aggregation. They utilise the emerging MapReduce paradigm, specifically a shared memory scheduler called Phoenix, for data-parallel algorithm development. We demonstrate the runtime behaviour of our main memory-based operators, showing linear speedup as one major desirable outcome. We also show scalability over varying selectivity factors and input sizes, and conclude that for this type of processing, Phoenix exhibits a bottleneck at the map stage.
Rituximab Added to First-Line Mitoxantrone, Chlorambucil, and Prednisolone Chemotherapy Followed by Interferon Maintenance Prolongs Survival in Patients With Advanced Follicular Lymphoma: An East German Study Group Hematology and Oncology Study (2007)

The R-MCP regimen significantly improves complete and overall response rates, EFS, PFS, and OS in patients with previously untreated advanced FL, without a clinically significant increase in toxicity.
Efficient computation of equifrequency surfaces and density of states in photonic crystals using Dirichlet-to-Neumann maps (2011)

We present an efficient method for computing the equifrequency surfaces (EFSs) and density of states of a photonic crystal. The method is based on repeatedly solving a small nonlinear eigenvalue problem formulated using the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map of the unit cell. A simple contouring algorithm is presented for sampling EFSs as well as computing group velocity vectors. We compare our method with several published results to demonstrate its efficiency and accuracy.