gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
MovieReshape (2010)

We present a system for quick and easy manipulation of the body shape and proportions of a human actor in arbitrary video footage. The approach is based on a morphable model of 3D human shape and pose that was learned from laser scans of real people. The algorithm commences by spatio-temporally fitting the pose and shape of this model to the actor in either single-view or multi-view video footage. Once the model has been fitted, semantically meaningful attributes of body shape, such as height, weight or waist girth, can be interactively modified by the user. The changed proportions of the virtual human model are then applied to the actor in all video frames by performing an image-based warping. By this means, we can now conveniently perform spatio-temporal reshaping of human actors in video footage which we show on a variety of video sequences.
Uplink interference reduction in Large Scale Antenna Systems (2014)

A Large Scale Antenna System (LSAS) entails a large number (tens or hundreds) of base station antennas serving a much smaller number of terminals, with large gains in spectral-efficiency and energy efficiency compared with conventional MIMO technology. As the number of antennas grows, the performance of an LSAS gets limited by pilot contamination, arising due to the use of same pilot sequences for channel estimation in neighboring cells. Recently A. Ashikhmin and T. Marzetta showed that using proper precoding/postcoding (PCP) and limited cooperation between cells, it is possible to eliminate pilot contamination entirely and get infinite throughput as M → ∞. In this paper, we focus on the uplink of an LSAS and show that even in the case of a finite number of base station antennas, PCP yields very significant performance gain in terms of data transmission rates. In particular, one of our algorithms gives a 140 fold increase in the 5% outage data transmission rates! We also show that the performance can be improved further by optimizing the transmission powers of the users, and present a simple decentralized algorithm in order to solve it.
Monolithic photonic integration of suspended light emitting diode, waveguide and photodetector (2015)

We report here a monolithic photonic integration of light emitting diode (LED) with waveguide and photodetector to build a highly-integrated photonic system to perform functionalities on the GaN-on-silicon platform. Suspended p-n junction InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) are used for device fabrication. Part of the LED emission is coupled into suspended waveguide and then, the guided light laterally propagates along the waveguide and is finally sensed by the photodetector. Planar optical communication experimentally demonstrates that the proof-of-concept monolithic photonic integration system can achieve the on-chip optical interconnects. This work paves the way towards novel active electro-optical sensing system and planar optical communication in the visible range.
Feasibility Study of a Retinal Prosthesis (2009)

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00279500.
Ultrasonic methods for measuring liquid viscosity and volume percent of solids (1997)

This report describes two ultrasonic techniques under development at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) in support of the tank-waste transport effort undertaken by the U.S. Department of Energy in treating low-level nuclear waste. The techniques are intended to provide continuous on-line measurements of waste viscosity and volume percent of solids in a waste transport line. The ultrasonic technique being developed for waste-viscosity measurement is based on the patented ANL viscometer. Focus of the viscometer development in this project is on improving measurement accuracy, stability, and range, particularly in the low-viscosity range (<30 cP). A prototype instrument has been designed and tested in the laboratory. Better than 1% accuracy in liquid density measurement can be obtained by using either a polyetherimide or polystyrene wedge. To measure low viscosities, a thin-wedge design has been developed and shows good sensitivity down to 5 cP. The technique for measuring volume percent of solids is based on ultrasonic wave scattering and phase velocity variation. This report covers a survey of multiple scattering theories and other phenomenological approaches. A theoretical model leading to development of an ultrasonic instrument for measuring volume percent of solids is proposed, and preliminary measurement data are presented.
Antigenic heterogeneity and molecular analysis of CopB of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis (1997)

Outer membrane protein (OMP) CopB, an iron-repressible 81-kDa major OMP of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis has been a major focus of investigation. To assess CopB as a potential vaccine antigen, we elucidated the degree of antigenic and sequence heterogeneity in this protein among strains of M. catarrhalis. Two monoclonal antibodies, 1F5 and 2.9F, which bind to surface-exposed epitopes on CopB recognized 60 and 70% of the strains, respectively. The degree of sequence heterogeneity in CopB was assessed by cloning and sequencing the CopB gene from two different strains of M. catarrhalis and comparing with the published sequence. There was 92 to 96% homology between the sequences at the nucleotide level and 90 to 95% homology at the amino acid level. The variability in the protein sequence is confined mainly to three moderately variable regions. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the CopB genes obtained from 20 diverse strains by PCR was performed. Ninety percent of the potential restriction sites in the constant regions and 47% of the potential restriction sites in the variable regions were present in the 20 strains, indicating that the pattern of variable and constant areas in the CopB gene is a general pattern among strains of M. catarrhalis. We conclude that the CopB gene is largely conserved among strains of M. catarrhalis and contains discrete regions which show moderate heterogeneity among strains.
Circulating permeability factor suPAR: from concept to discovery to clinic. (2013)

Kidney filtration functions through a hydrostatically driven multicellular barrier that includes visceral epithelial cells termed podocytes. These cells have delicate foot processes by which they ensure proper generation of urine. Most forms of chronic kidney disease start with disruption of podocytes, allowing for a breakdown of kidney barrier function and loss of plasma proteins from the blood into the urine (proteinuria). A classic podocyte disease is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) which progresses from podocyte injury to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in a well-defined histopathological pattern. FSGS can recur after kidney transplantation in 30% or more cases, affecting both children and adults with rapid disease onset. This scenario has led credence to the concept that FSGS is caused by one or more circulating blood factor (s) that in turn cause podocyte injury. Decades of search for viable circulating permeability factor candidates have sparked research in this area. Recently, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) was identified in a majority of patients with FSGS as a soluble factor that acts through binding to and activating podocyte beta 3 integrin. These observations show promise for novel therapeutic development to eliminate a portion of FSGS cases.
The double-LNN calibration technique for scattering parameter measurements of microstrip devices (1995)

This paper presents an alternative way of a network analyzer calibration, in particular an in-fixture calibration. The new double-calibration technique employs the LNN calibration method on both sides of the device under test in order to perform an error-corrected in-fixture measurement. In general, with the double-calibration technique one can determine the corrected scattering parameter of a device under test without removing the device under test during the calibration process.
Implementing an on-the-fly garbage collector for Java (2000)

Java uses garbage collection (GC) for the automatic reclamation of computer memory no longer required by a running application. GC implementations for Java Virtual Machines (JVM) are typically designed for single processor machines, and do not necessarily perform well for a server program with many threads running on a multiprocessor. We designed and implemented an on-the-fly GC, based on the algorithm of Doligez, Leroy and Gonthier [13, 12] (DLG), for Java in this environment. An on-the-fly collector, a collector that does not stop the program threads, allows all processors to be utilized during collection and provides uniform response times. We extended and adapted DLG for Java (e.g., adding support for weak references) and for modern multiprocessors without sequential consistency, and added performance improvements (e.g., to keep track of the objects remaining to be traced). We compared the performance of our implementation with stop-the-world mark-sweep GC. Our measurements show that the performance advantage for our collector increases as the number of threads increase and that it provides uniformly low response times.
Flexible Modeling of Genetic Effects on Function-Valued Traits (2017)

Genome-wide association studies commonly examine one trait at a time. Occasionally they examine several related traits with the hope of increasing power; in such a setting, the traits are not generally smoothly varying in any way such as time or space. However, for function-valued traits, the trait is often smoothly varying along the axis of interest, such as space or time. For instance, in the case of longitudinal traits such as growth curves, the axis of interest is time; for spatially varying traits such as chromatin accessibility, it would be position along the genome. Although there have been efforts to perform genome-wide association studies with such function-valued traits, the statistical approaches developed for this purpose often have limitations such as requiring the trait to behave linearly in time or space, or constraining the genetic effect itself to be constant or linear in time. Herein, we present a flexible model for this problem-the Partitioned Gaussian Process-which removes many such limitations and is especially effective as the number of time points increases. The theoretical basis of this model provides machinery for handling missing and unaligned function values such as would occur when not all individuals are measured at the same time points. Furthermore, we make use of algebraic refactorizations to substantially reduce the time complexity of our model beyond the naive implementation. Finally, we apply our approach and several others to synthetic data before closing, with some directions for improved modeling and statistical testing.
MMSE Noise Power and SNR Estimation for OFDM Systems (2006)

This paper proposes a minimum mean-square error (MMSE) filtering technique to estimate the noise power that takes into account the variation of the noise statistics across the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) sub-carrier index as well as across OFDM symbols. The proposed method provides many local estimates that allow tracking of the variation of the noise statistics in frequency and time. The MMSE filter coefficients are obtained from the mean-squared-error (MSE) expression, which can be calculated using the noise statistics. Evaluation of the performance with computer simulations shows that the proposed method tracks the local statistics of the noise more efficiently than conventional methods.
Glycopetide-Based Immunotherapy for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Mammary Adenocarcinomas (2006)

Abstract : This proposal aimed at defining the use of glycopeptides containing tumor associated carbohydrate antigens (TACA), that bind multiple MHC class I alleles, as potential preventive vaccines for carcinomas on a large scale. Our recent results (JEM 2004; 199:707, see appendix) suggest that CD8+ T cells (CTL) are capable of recognizing TACA in a conventional class I MHC-restricted fashion. TF, a disaccharide, and Tn, its immediate precursor, are TACA largely expressed in carcinomas. TF and Tn can be successfully used as T helper (Th)-independent vaccines when conjugated to designer peptide with optimal binding affinity for class I MHC molecules. TF- and Tn-specific CTL generated with this strategy are capable of recognizing TACA-expressing tumors in vitro, suggesting that glycopeptides are as effectively presented by class I MHC molecules as non-glycosylated peptides (JEM 2004; 199:707). Because the exact sequences of endogenously synthesized glycopeptides are unknown, the TACA-specific T cell repertoire elicited by carbohydrate-based vaccines is assumed to be degenerate. Here we report that mice genetically manipulated to develop TACA-expressing mammary tumors are not tolerant to glycopeptide vaccination (Figures 1 and 2, Immunol and Cell Biol., 2005; 83:440, see appendix). Moreover, we tested the immunogenicity of designer glycopeptides, capable of binding multiple MHC class I alleles (Table 1, Immunol and Cell Biol., 2005; 83:440, see appendix), as a novel approach for the development of vaccines potentially useful for vaccination of a large fraction of the general population. Our results have suggested that CTL derived from normal donors respond with high efficiency to glycopeptides in vitro, opening a new avenue for the design of prospective vaccines for cancer prevention (Table 2, Immunol and Cell Biol., 2005; 83:440, see appendix).
Apparatus and method for measuring the crevice gap clearance in a heat exchanger (1981)

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Reaction of plasma-generated trifluoromethyl radicals with carbon tetraiodide and with bromobenzene; a new synthesis for trifluoromethyl organic compounds (1979)

The reaction of plasma-generated trifluoromethyl radicals with carbon tetraiodide leads to a mixture of perfluoroneopentane and perfluoro-t-butyl iodide in 97% total yield; bromobenzene reacts with trifluoromethyl radicals to give a 10–15% yield of trifluoromethylbenzene.
Motion-blurred star acquisition method of the star tracker under high dynamic conditions (2013)

The star tracker is one of the most promising attitude measurement devices used in spacecraft due to its extremely high accuracy. However, high dynamic performance is still one of its constraints. Smearing appears, making it more difficult to distinguish the energy dispersive star point from the noise. An effective star acquisition approach for motion-blurred star image is proposed in this work. The correlation filter and mathematical morphology algorithm is combined to enhance the signal energy and evaluate slowly varying background noise. The star point can be separated from most types of noise in this manner, making extraction and recognition easier. Partial image differentiation is then utilized to obtain the motion parameters from only one image of the star tracker based on the above process. Considering the motion model, the reference window is adopted to perform centroid determination. Star acquisition results of real on-orbit star images and laboratory validation experiments demonstrate that the method described in this work is effective and the dynamic performance of the star tracker could be improved along with more identified stars and guaranteed position accuracy of the star point.
PitchNet: Unsupervised Singing Voice Conversion with Pitch Adversarial Network (2019)

Singing voice conversion is to convert a singer's voice to another one's voice without changing singing content. Recent work shows that unsupervised singing voice conversion can be achieved with an autoencoder-based approach [1]. However, the converted singing voice can be easily out of key, showing that the existing approach cannot model the pitch information precisely. In this paper, we propose to advance the existing unsupervised singing voice conversion method proposed in [1] to achieve more accurate pitch translation and flexible pitch manipulation. Specifically, the proposed PitchNet added an adversarially trained pitch regression network to enforce the encoder network to learn pitch invariant phoneme representation, and a separate module to feed pitch extracted from the source audio to the decoder network. Our evaluation shows that the proposed method can greatly improve the quality of the converted singing voice (2.92 vs 3.75 in MOS). We also demonstrate that the pitch of converted singing can be easily controlled during generation by changing the levels of the extracted pitch before passing it to the decoder network.
Pentavalent Single-Domain Antibodies Reduce Campylobacter jejuni Motility and Colonization in Chickens (2013)

Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne illness in the world, with symptoms ranging from acute diarrhea to severe neurological disorders. Contaminated poultry meat is a major source of C. jejuni infection, and therefore, strategies to reduce this organism in poultry, are expected to reduce the incidence of Campylobacter-associated diseases. We have investigated whether oral administration of C. jejuni-specific single-domain antibodies would reduce bacterial colonization levels in chickens. Llama single-domain antibodies specific for C. jejuni were isolated from a phage display library generated from the heavy chain IgG variable domain repertoire of a llama immunized with C. jejuni flagella. Two flagella-specific single-domain antibodies were pentamerized to yield high avidity antibodies capable of multivalent binding to the target antigen. When administered orally to C. jejuni-infected two-day old chicks, the pentabodies significantly reduced C. jejuni colonization in the ceca. In vitro, the motility of the bacteria was also reduced in the presence of the flagella-specific pentabodies, suggesting the mechanism of action is through either direct interference with flagellar motility or antibody-mediated aggregation. Fluorescent microscopy and Western blot analyses revealed specific binding of the anti-flagella pentabodies to the C. jejuni flagellin.
Microwave ablation in primary and secondary liver tumours: technical and clinical approaches (2016)

Thermal ablation is increasingly being utilised in the treatment of primary and metastatic liver tumours, both as curative therapy and as a bridge to transplantation. Recent advances in high-powered microwave ablation systems have allowed physicians to realise the theoretical heating advantages of microwave energy compared to other ablation modalities. As a result there is a growing body of literature detailing the effects of microwave energy on tissue heating, as well as its effect on clinical outcomes. This article will discuss the relevant physics, review current clinical outcomes and then describe the current techniques used to optimise patient care when using microwave ablation systems.
Unusual retention of introns in CD44 gene transcripts in bladder cancer provides new diagnostic and clinical oncological opportunities (1995)

Increased and disorganised expression of CD44 variant exons has been demonstrated in biopsy samples of several types of human malignancy by many groups. This abnormality can be used to detect exfoliated tumour cells in the urine of bladder cancer patients. The present report demonstrates that the deranged activity of this gene in neoplasia also results in the accumulation of immature mRNA transcripts containing non-coding sequences (introns) from this gene in cancer tissues and cells. There is simultaneous overexpression of a newly identified 437 bp exon (coding sequence) located in the variably active region of the gene and of many abnormal variant exon combinations. This is the first report describing the specific retention of introns in gene transcripts in clinical diagnostic samples of tumour tissues and cells. The phenomenon was seen repeatedly in samples from cancer patients and in a cancer cell line, and thus could form the basis for a unique new and specific method of cancer diagnosis.
Direct electrochemical conversion of carbon anode fuels in molton salt media (2001)

We are conducting research into the direct electrochemical conversion of reactive carbons into electricity--with experimental evidence of total efficiencies exceeding 80% of the heat of combustion of carbon. Together with technologies for extraction of reactive carbons from broad based fossil fuels, direct carbon conversion addresses the objectives of DOE's ''21st Century Fuel Cell'' with exceptionally high efficiency (>70% based on standard heat of reaction, {Delta}H{sub std}), as well as broader objectives of managing CO{sub 2} emissions. We are exploring the reactivity of a wide range of carbons derived from diverse sources, including pyrolyzed hydrocarbons, petroleum cokes, purified coals and biochars, and relating their electrochemical reactivity to nano/microstructural characteristics.
Solid State Imaging Techniques. Logarithmic-Converting CCD Line Sensor. (1995)

A logarithmic-converting CCD line sensor incorporating logarithmic-converting circuits which
Power efficient RACH mechanism for dense IoT deployment (2017)

In the world of Internet of Things (IoT), it is desired that every IoT device is able to communicate with the network all the time. Among various technologies to enable network connectivity, Long Term Evolution (LTE) is by far the most ubiquitous technology to provide coverage for IoT devices. The IoT devices are inherently resource constraint and efficient communication is one of the primary requirements of these devices. LTE Random Access Channel (RACH), one of the primary procedures to enable channel access for devices, is well suited for cellular deployment. In this work, we have demonstrated that the current LTE-RACH procedure is not power efficient for dense deployments because in such scenarios RACH failures are mostly due to request collisions and increasing the transmit power does not give any significant advantage. We have also proposed Delayed Power Ramping Algorithm (DPRA), a heuristic based approach to improve the energy footprint of the IoT devices. We have conducted extensive simulations using Network Simulator (ns3) and discussed the performance results of the proposed approach for different scenarios.
Electronic Moisture Sensor for Maintaining Herbicide Solution on a Roller Applicator (1979)

Other research has shown that a roller applicator can selectively control weeds that protrude above the crop, conserve over 80% of the herbicide, eliminate spray drift and splash, and obviate recirculation of the spray solution. The carpet on the roller applicator must be moist enough to transfer ample herbicide to the weeds it contacts but dry enough to prevent dripping of herbicide solution from the carpet. An electronic moisture sensor and solenoid valve system was designed to permit operation of the roller applicator through various weed densities while automatically maintaining a proper level of herbicide solution in the carpet of the roller.