gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive detection of coronary artery disease by assessing diastolic abnormalities during low isometric exercise (1993)

The handgrip-apexcardiographic test (HAT) is a simple low-level (40% of maximal voluntary handgrip during 2 min) stress test which can detect left ventricular (LV) diastolic abnormalities. To determine whether it contributes to the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD), HAT was obtained in 68 patients--47 with and 21 without angina pectoris--who prospectively underwent coronary arteriography. According to the highest or lowest individual values of diastolic apexcardiographic indices in 255 healthy volunteers, a pathologic or positive HAT was defined by the presence of at least one of the following new criteria: (1) A wave relative to total height of apexcardiogram during and/or after handgrip > 21%, (2) total apexcardiographic relaxation time (TART) during handgrip > TART at rest > 143 ms and/or TART corrected for the duration of diastole (TARTI) during handgrip < 0.14, or (3) diastolic amplitude time index (DATI), given by dividing TARTI and A wave relative to total diastolic amplitude of apex tracing during handgrip < 0.27. HAT was positive in 20 of 21 patients with single-vessel disease (sensitivity 95%), 21 of 24 patients with double-vessel disease (sensitivity 88%), and in 22 of 23 patients with triple-vessel disease (sensitivity 96%). Furthermore, HAT was positive in 20 of 21 (95%) patients without symptoms. Thus, the overall sensitivity of HAT for detecting CAD was 93%. This study is the first to demonstrate the high sensitivity of HAT in identifying patients with CAD with or without symptoms by assessing diastolic apexcardiographic abnormalities during low-level isometric stress. Thus, HAT potentially could become an additional simple diagnostic tool for noninvasive detection of patients with CAD.
Pharmacokinetic Properties of Fast-Acting Insulin Aspart Administered in Different Subcutaneous Injection Regions (2017)

The current study supports the ultra-fast pharmacokinetic characteristics of faster aspart across different injection regions, with administration in the abdomen and upper arm resulting in greater early exposure than in the thigh. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02089451.
Breast Cancer Cell Line Classification and Its Relevance with Breast Tumor Subtyping (2017)

Breast cancer cell lines have been widely used for breast cancer modelling which encompasses a panel of diseases with distinct phenotypical associations. Though cell lines provide unlimited homogenous materials for tumor studies and are relatively easy to culture, they are known to accumulate mutations duringthe initial establishment and subsequent series of cultivations. Thus, whether breast cancer cell line heterogeneity reflects that of carcinoma remains an important issue to resolve before drawing any reliable conclusion at the tumor level using cell lines. Inconsistent nomenclatures used for breast cancer cell line subtyping and the different number of subtypes grouped for cell lines and tumors make their direct matching elusive. By analyzing the molecular features of 92 breast cancer cell lines as documented by different literatures, we categorize 84 cell lines into 5 groups to be consistent with breast tumor classification. After combing through these cell lines, we summarized the molecular features, genetically and epigenetically, of each subtype, and manually documented 10 cell lines lacking explicit information on subtyping. Nine cell lines, either found inconsistent on their primary molecular features from different studies or being contaminated at the origin, are not suggested as the first choice for experimental use. We conclude that breast tumor cell lines, though having a high mutational frequency with many uncertainties and could not fully capture breast cancer heterogeneity, are feasible but crude models for tumors of the same subtype. New cell lines with enriched interferon regulated genes need to be established to enlarge the coverage of cell lines on tumor heterogeneity.
Effects of Dipping Solutions on Air-Drying Rates of the Seedless Grapes (2008)

Preserving of food by drying, has been became an important subject in food industry. Turkey has a high potential at fruit production. Grape has an economically important role in Turkey's export. The effects of different dipping solutions on hot air drying of grapes were studied. The Sultana grape was used ın drying experiments. Seedless grapes treated with oleic acid and potassium carbonate solutions or untreated were dried by air at 50°C, 60°C and 70°C. Pretreated grapes dried faster than naturally dried. According to colour results, red colour on grapes pretreated with oleic acid solutions was preserved beter than naturally dried. Drying rates of grapes were modelled by the Page and Exponential equations. The model results agreed with experimental results.
Light emission through a corrugated metal film: The role of cross-coupled surface plasmon polaritons (2004)

We examine the phenomenon of light emission through a thin metal film that takes place via surface plasmon polaritons. Surface plasmon polariton cross coupling has recently been invoked to explain sharp features observed in the angle dependent emission spectra obtained from surface-emitting (through cathode) organic light-emitting diode structures. We investigated whether such a cross-coupling process is needed to explain such observations. We undertook measurements on samples for a variety of metal film thicknesses. Our results are consistent with the mechanism of surface plasmon polariton cross coupling but also show that the processes underlying the emission from such structures can be rather subtle.
Maximizing Spectrum Utilization of Cognitive Radio Networks Using Channel Allocation and Power Control (2006)

We consider a cognitive radio network in which a set of base stations make opportunistic unlicensed spectrum access to transmit data to their subscribers. As the spectrum of interest is licensed to another (primary) network, power and channel allocation must be carried out within the cognitive radio network so that no excessive interference is caused to any primary user. We are interested in spectrum-allocation/power-control schemes that maximize the spectrum utilization of the cognitive network while appropriately protecting primary users. While doing so, the control schemes must also meet the required signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of each subscriber of the cognitive network. This problem can be formulated as a linear mixed (0-1) integer programming. Due to the high complexity in obtaining optimal spectrum-allocation/power-control schemes, we propose a suboptimal scheme that can be obtained at lower complexity while still achieving good spectrum utilization. This suboptimal scheme is constructed based on the idea of a dynamic interference graph that captures the interfering effects. Numerical studies of our control scheme are presented.
An Approach to Amino Ester Subunits of Tamiflu (2007)

A two-step synthesis of amino cyclohexene carboxylic acid esters has been achieved in good overall yield from nitro phosphonate and unsaturated aldehydes.
Robust control of decoherence in realistic quantum gates (2002)

We present an open loop (bang-bang) scheme to control decoherence in a quantum NOT gate and implement it in a realistic simulation. The system is consistently described within the spin-boson model, with interactions accounting for both adiabatic and thermal decoherence. The external control is included from the beginning in the Hamiltonian as an independent interaction term. After tracing out the environment modes, reduced equations are obtained for the two-level system in which the effects of both decoherence and external control appear explicitly. The controls are determined exactly from the condition to eliminate decoherence, i.e. to restore unitarity. Numerical simulations show excellent performance and robustness of the proposed control scheme.
Termination Sequence Generation Circuits for Low-Density Parity-Check Convolutional Codes (2006)

Low-density parity-check convolutional codes (LDPC-CCs) complement their popular block-oriented counterparts and may be more suitable in certain communication applications. These include streaming voice, video, and packet switching networks. In order to use these codes efficiently we must generate termination sequences similar to those used in conventional convolutional codes. In this paper, we present a construction method for termination sequence generation circuits suitable for field-programmable gate arrays and application-specific integrated circuits. This method uses linear algebra to determine the termination sequence for a small number of states of the encoder and converts these solutions into a sequential circuit. Results are presented for several realizations of termination circuits for a (128,3,6) LDPC-CC
Broadband THz spectroscopic imaging based on a fully-integrated 4×2 Digital-to-Impulse radiating array with a full-spectrum of 0.03–1.03THz in silicon (2016)

This paper presents a broadband THz frequency-comb spectroscopic imager based on a fully-integrated 4×2 picosecond Direct Digital-to-Impulse (D2I) radiating array. By employing a novel trigger-based beamforming architecture, the chip performs coherent spatial combining of broadband radiated pulses and achieves an SNR>1 BW of 1.03THz (at the receiver) with a pulse peak EIRP of 30dBm. Time-domain radiation is characterized using a fsec-laser-based THz sampler and a pulse width of 5.4ps is measured. Spectroscopic imaging of metal, plastic, and cellulose capsules (empty and filled) are demonstrated. This chip achieves signal generation with an available full-spectrum of 0.03-1.03THz. The 8-element single-chip array is fabricated in a 90nm SiGe BiCMOS process.
Skin dendritic cells progressively subvert the activation of pathogenic type-2 immunity upon epicutaneous allergen immunotherapy (2020)

Epicutaneous specific-immunotherapy (EPIT) is a promising treatment for food allergies leading to a higher tolerance threshold. The desensitization process has been shown to be dependent on EPIT-induced regulatory T cells and correlated with profound immune deviation. To date, little is known about the contribution of skin dendritic cells to the efficacy of EPIT. To address this question, we used a preclinical mouse model of allergy to ovalbumin (OVA) in which sensitized mice were EPIT-treated once a week with OVA-containing patches for 48h over an 8 weeks period. Dynamics and phenotype of skin dendritic cell (skDC) subsets were assessed by flow cytometry and transcriptomics analysis. DC function was further characterized by in vitro T-cell assays and conditional DC-depleted mouse models. Our results show that, while skDC subsets (Langerhans and dermal conventional cDC1 and cDC2) retain their capacity to capture OVA in the skin throughout EPIT treatment, the numbers of OVA+ DCs emigrating towards the draining lymph nodes progressively decreased after 3 to 8 weeks of treatment. In addition, their maturation status was also downregulated, as notably shown by weaker CD86 surface expression. Consequently, EPIT DCs progressively lost their capacity to efficiently prime/reactivate antigen-specific CD4+ Th2 cells, in contrast to Treg stimulation. We are currently investigating the mechanisms by which each skin DC subset subverts the activation of pathogenic type-2 immunity to prevent the development of allergic symptoms. Taken together, our results open new avenues to better understand the complex mechanisms that lead to the efficacy of EPIT.
Molecular Cloning, Expression, and Antigenicity of Seto Virus Belonging to Genogroup I Norwalk-Like Viruses (2000)

The viral capsid protein of the Seto virus (SeV), a Japanese strain of genogroup I Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs), was expressed as virus-like particles using a baculovirus expression system. An antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on hyperimmune antisera to recombinant SeV was highly specific to homologous SeV-like strains but not heterologous strains in stools, allowing us type-specific detection of NLVs.
Vehicle License Plate Tilt Correction Based on the Straight Line Fitting Method (2010)

Tilt correction is an integral part of the automatic vehicle license plate recognition (VLPR) system. In this paper, according to the least square fitting with perpendicular offsets (LSFPO), the VLP candidate region is fitted to a straight line. After the line slope is obtained, rotation angle is estimated. Then the whole image is rotated for tilt correction by this angle. Despite the success of VLP detection approaches in the past decades, a few of them can effectively locate license plate (LP), even when vehicle bodies and LPs have similar color. A common drawback of color-based VLP detection is the failure to detect the boundaries or border of LPs. To overcome a common drawback, in this paper, the authors propose a modified recursive labeling algorithm for solving this problem and detecting candidate regions. According to different colored LP, these candidate regions may include LP regions; geometrical properties of LP are then used for classification. For the decomposing candidate regions, predetermined alphanumeric characters are used by position histogram to verify and detect vehicle LP regions. While conducting the experiment, vehicle images are taken under various conditions from traffic stations to evaluate the robustness, the flexibility and effectiveness.
Improved hMSC functions on titanium coatings by type I collagen immobilization (2013)

In this study, type I collagen was fixed onto plasma-sprayed porous titanium coatings by either adsorptive immobilization or covalent immobilization. Surface characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the biochemical modification of the titanium coatings. The immobilizing effects of type I collagen, including variations in the amount and stability of collagen, were investigated using Sirius red staining. A greater amount of collagen was found on the covalently immobilized titanium coating, and higher stability was achieved relative to the absorptive immobilization surface. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were used to evaluate the cytocompatibility of the modified titanium coatings. Type I collagen immobilized on titanium coating led to enhance cell-material interactions and improved hMSC functions, such as attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Interestingly, covalently immobilized collagen on titanium coating showed a greater capability to regulate the osteogenic activity of hMSCs than did absorbed collagen, which was explained in terms of the increased amount and higher stability of the covalently linked collagen. The type I collagen covalently immobilized titanium coatings with improved biological function may exhibit better osteointegration in clinical application.
V-groove-isolated i.i.l. circuits (1976)

A new method using V-grooves for dielectric isolation of i.i.l. circuits is described. Basic devices and circuits have been realised and tested. The process results in a simplified, low-temperature isolation step and yields an increased packing density.
Laser Light-Scattering Study of Novel Thermoplastics. 1. Phenolphthalein Poly(aryl ether ketone) (1996)

Five different molecular weight phenolphthalein poly(aryl ether ketone) (PEK-C) fractions in CHCl3 were studied by static and dynamic laser light scattering (LLS). The dynamic LLS revealed that the PEK-C samples contain some large polymer clusters. These large clusters can be removed by filtering the solution with a 0.1-μm filter. We found that the persistence length of PEK-C in CHCl3 at 25 °C is ∼2 nm and the Flory characteristic ratio, C∞, is ∼25. Our results showed that 〈Rg2〉z1/2 = (3.50 ± 0.20) × 10-2Mw0.54±0.01 and 〈D〉 = (2.37 ± 0.05) × 10-4Mw-0.55±0.01, with 〈Rg2〉z1/2, Mw, and 〈D〉 being the z-average radius of gyration, the weight-average molecular weight, and the z-average translational diffusion coefficient, respectively. A combination of static and dynamic LLS results enabled us to determine D = (2.20 ± 0.10) × 10-4M-0.555±0.015, where D and M correspond to monodisperse species. Using this calibration between D and M, we have determined molecular weight distributions of five PEK-C fractions from their corresponding translational diffusion coefficient distribution.
Nonlinear beamforming for enhancing pre-stack data with challenging near surface or overburden (2017)

Modern seismic data acquired with dense high-channel count acquisition systems are very challenging to process, especially in the presence of a complex near surface or overburden. To address this issue, we develop a nonlinear beamforming algorithm for pre-stack data enhancement that searches for nonlinear local coherent events in the data and performs partial summation along the estimated trajectories. Nonlinear beamforming shows excellent results when applied to synthetic as well as challenging land data acquired in an arid environment. Specifically, it enables more robust estimation of pre-stack parameters as well as better imaging. Presentation Date: Thursday, September 28, 2017 Start Time: 10:10 AM Location: 360A Presentation Type: ORAL
Surface stoichiometry changes induced by the hydrogenation of Hg0.72Cd0.28Te (1985)

The reaction of the cleaved Hg0.72Cd0.28Te surface with atomic hyrogen has been studied with ultraviolet photoelectron spectra obtained using synchrotron radiation. Hydrogen exposures of 600 L or less caused no detectable difference in the photoelectron spectra. However, dramatic changes were observed upon extended hydrogenation with the mercury signal decreasing to ∼20% of its original value before the surface passivated at an exposure of l04 L with the apparent formation of hydrogen– Hg and Cd complexes. During hydrogenation, some of the freed Hg diffuses into the semiconductor to form a degenerate n-type surface layer. This process is contrasted to oxidation where no saturation of the surface was seen and the reacted surface was almost completely Hg free.
Purification and characterization of a novel alkaline β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (lichenase) from thermophilic fungus <i>Malbranchea cinnamomea</i> (2014)

A novel alkaline β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (McLic1) from a thermophilic fungus, Malbranchea cinnamomea, was purified and biochemically characterized. McLic1 was purified to homogeneity with a purification fold of 3.1 and a recovery yield of 3.7 %. The purified enzyme was most active at pH 10.0 and 55 °C, and exhibited a wide range of pH stability (pH 4.0-10.0). McLic1 displayed strict substrate specificity for barley β-glucan, oat β-glucan and lichenan, but did not show activity towards other tested polysaccharides and synthetic p-nitrophenyl derivates, suggesting that it is a specific β-1,3-1,4-glucanase. The K m values for barley β-glucan, oat β-glucan and lichenan were determined to be 0.69, 1.11 and 0.63 mg mL(-1), respectively. Moreover, the enzyme was stable in various non ionic surfactants, oxidizing agents and several commercial detergents. Thus, the alkaline β-1,3-1,4-glucanase may have potential in industrial applications, such as detergent, paper and pulp industries.
Fibronectin, Collagen, Fibrin - Components of Extracellular Matrix for Nerve Regeneration (2007)

There are key differences in the extent to which the peripheral (PNS) and central (CNS) nervous\nsystems recover function following damage. In each case there is a balance between factors that\ninhibit and promote neuronal regeneration. In the CNS this balance is skewed toward inhibition\nwhile in the PNS it is skewed towards promotion of neuronal growth. Following damage the CNS\nenvironment is generally hostile to neuronal growth. However, axonal regeneration does occur under\ncertain conditions. In this review, various strategies for promotion of neuronal growth are explored\nincluding the use of tissue engineered grafts incorporating extracellular matrix proteins, synthetic\nmaterials, electrically active materials, coupled with biomolecular and cellular – based strategies.\nDevelopment of biosynthetic conduits carrying extracellular matrix molecules and cells (Schwann\ncells, olfactory ensheathing glia or stem cells) expressing neurotrophic growth factors represents a\nnovel and promising strategy for spinal cord and peripheral nerve repair. Native matrix scaffolds\n(e.g. collagen, fibrin, fibronectin) have been produced with appropriate biomimetic 3D mesoscale\nstructures for improving nervous system repair. The structure, composition, biomechanical\nproperties and effectiveness of such implants in supporting experimental PNS and CNS repair are\nreviewed and discussed in this chapter.
The Novel and the Death of Literature (2005)

During the past decade, a number of critics, novelists, and essayists have announced the end of literature. For the literary theorist J. Hillis Miller, "[t]he end of literature is at hand. Literature's time is almost up"; he goes on to explain that "[t]he printed book will retain cultural force for a good while yet, but its reign is clearly ending."1 The essayist Sven Birkerts, who has made a career out of elegizing the book, claims that "[t]he stable hierarchies of the printed page … are being superseded by the rush of impulses through freshly minted circuits."2 And according to the critic Alvin Kernan, morbid symptoms of the "death of literature" can be traced throughout the institutions of publishing, the university, and the law.3 Marshall McLuhan's flamboyant assertions about the end of the print era, elaborated in The Gutenberg Galaxy and a string of other volumes published in the 1960s, have acquired a new currency in the last years of the twentieth century.KeywordsAfrican American WomanLiterary ReadingCultural ConsensusCultural AuthorityLiterary FictionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Preparation and Properties of B_4C-SiC Composite Ceramics (2009)

Pure B_4C and B_4C-20%SiC composite ceramics were prepared by hot-pressing sintering technique after ball-mill mixing in the temperature range of 1 900—2 100℃,using B_4C powder with a particle of 10.22 μm and β-SiC powder of 1.07 μm as the starting materials.Phase structure and mechanical properties had been studied. The results indicate that,SiC addition had little effect on the densification of B_4C composites,and the relative densities of pure B_4C ceramic and B_4C-20%SiC composite were 87.9% and 87.0% respectively at the sintering temperature of 2 100℃.Porosity influenced the mechanical properties of B_4C based composites greatly,and the relationship between bending strength (σ_w) and porosity (θ) could be expressed as σ_w=257exp(-2.18θ).
Modeless Japanese Input Method Using Multiple Character Sequence Features (2012)

Recently, the rapid growth of globalization requires writing a large number of multilingual texts. However, Japanese PC users need to switch the input mode between Japanese and the Latin alphabet on conventional Japanese input method. That is cumbersome. Meanwhile, the solution system using a dictionary is hard to maintain because new words are created every year with high frequency. This paper proposes a modeless Japanese input method which automatically switches the input mode without using a dictionary. Using the model called "multiple character sequence features", this method discriminates whether to convert alphabet into Kana or not. There are multiple character sequence features, namely, character surface features and character type features both based on n-gram. These model features are learned by a Support Vector Machine from corpora especially from those of a large number of living words on Web. The evaluation of this method showed that the statistical accuracy by F-measure for both chatting texts and news texts was over 90% (mostly over 99%).