gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Polyamine Transport Ligands with Improved Metabolic Stability and Selectivity against Specific Human Cancers (2013)

Polyamine homeostasis is critical for life and is accomplished via a balance of polyamine biosynthesis, degradation, and transport. Rapidly dividing cancer cells have been shown to have high polyamine transport activity compared to normal cells, likely due to their high requirement for polyamine metabolites. The polyamine transport system (PTS) is a therapeutically relevant target, as it can provide selective drug delivery to cancer cells. This report describes the synthesis and biological evaluation of multimeric polyamine derivatives as efficient PTS ligands. Arylmethyl-polyamine derivatives were synthesized to address two important concerns in PTS drug design: (a) PTS selectivity and (b) stability to amine oxidases. N(1),N(1')-[Naphthalene-1,4-diylbis(methylene)]bis{N(4)-[4-(methylamino)butyl])butane-1,4-diamine}, 3b, was found to have an optimal balance between these parameters and demonstrated excellent targeting of melanoma (e.g., MALME-3M) and breast cancer cells (e.g., T47D) over other cancer cell lines. These results provide a method to selectively target cancers via their intrinsic need for polyamine metabolites.
Study of a Verifiable Biometric Matching (2016)

In this paper, we apply verifiable computing techniques to a biometric matching. The purpose of verifiable computation is to give the result of a computation along with a proof that the calculations were correctly performed. We adapt a protocol called sumcheck protocol and present a system that performs verifiable biometric matching in the case of a fast border control. This is a work in progress and we focus on verifying an inner product. We then give some experimental results of its implementation. Verifiable computation here helps to enforce the authentication phase bringing in the process a proof that the biometric verification has been correctly performed.
Employing target modifications for the investigation of liquid infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (2000)

We present a new target modification for commercial ion sources to facilitate the use of liquid matrices such as glycerol and lactic acid in infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (IR-MALDI). Benefits of this modification include increased sensitivity compared with the unmodified commercial target, mass resolution comparable to the best achievable with conventional IR-MALDI or UV-MALDI, and decreased sample volatility leading to an analysis time extended up to fivefold compared with using conventional target designs (up to 1 hour using volumes of only 250 nL).
A Multi-Frame Approach to the Frequency-Domain Single-Channel Noise Reduction Problem (2011)

This paper focuses on the class of single-channel noise reduction methods that are performed in the frequency domain via the short-time Fourier transform (STFT). The simplicity and relative effectiveness of this class of approaches make them the dominant choice in practical systems. Over the past years, many popular algorithms have been proposed. These algorithms, no matter how they are developed, have one feature in common: the solution is eventually formulated as a gain function applied to the STFT of the noisy signal only in the current frame, implying that the interframe correlation is ignored. This assumption is not accurate for speech enhancement since speech is a highly self-correlated signal. In this paper, by taking the interframe correlation into account, a new linear model for speech spectral estimation and some optimal filters are proposed. They include the multi-frame Wiener and minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) filters. With these filters, both the narrowband and fullband signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) can be improved. Furthermore, with the MVDR filter, speech distortion at the output can be zero. Simulations present promising results in support of the claimed merits obtained by theoretical analysis.
Chemical processing of uranium ores containing sulphurous and/or organic compounds by alkaline lixiviation (1977)

This document deals with the lixiviation of an uranium bearing ore by one or more alkaline solutions containing sodium carbonate. The uranium salts formed are dissolved in this or these solutions in the presence of an oxydizing agent as air or an oxygen-containing gas, or as oxygen-enriched air. This ore contains sulphurous and/or sulphate compounds. In a first step, the ore is submitted to a first-attack treatment by a solution diluted with sodium carbonate in concentration not exceeding, or exceeding very slightly, the concentration needed to dissolve most of the initial sulphur content of the ore and transformed in sulphates in the presence of the oxydizing agent. In a second step, the ore is treated by an attack solution with a greater sodium carbonate concentration. This solution is used to extract and to dissolve most of the uranium still in the ore and which has not been extracted in the previous step.
Index modulation-based flexible waveform design (2020)

The service limitations of conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based technologies have motivated academia and industry to seek for new solutions in order to support the emerging services and use cases of future wireless networks. In this chapter, promising frequency-domain index modulation (IM) options, i.e., OFDM with IM (OFDM-IM), generalized OFDM with index modulation (OFDM-GIM), dual-mode OFDM (DM-OFDM), OFDM with interleaved subcarrier IM (OFDM-ISIM), are considered as complementary waveforms of classical OFDM. In frequency-domain IM, data information is sent not only via modulated subcarriers but also via proper activation of the subcarriers resulting in higher spectral efficiency (SE) and better error performance compared with OFDM-based schemes. Furthermore, features of OFDM, including intelligent subcarrier selection and adaptive activation ratio, are assessed. Lastly, the flexible utilization of these features is discussed to control channel effects, hardware impairments, asynchronicity, and to serve wide range requirements of fifth generation (5G) and beyond networks.
Human hight prediction and roads estimation for advanced video surveillance systems (2006)

This work is aimed at automatically learning the three-dimensional structure of an outdoor scene observed by a single uncalibrated video camera. In particular, we are proposing to estimate the 3D layout of roads and paths traveled by pedestrians by observing the pedestrians and to estimate the road parameters from their height and position in a video sequence. The developed algorithm has been implemented and was successfully tested in different environment including scene luminance variation during a day, possible mistakes in pedestrian detection, road coverage variation during a year. Proposed algorithm for 3D road map estimation (up to a scale factor) can be used in video surveillance applications to classify people on the scene by their heights, to detect human abnormal trajectories, for human gait analysis, for people traffic analysis and in other applications that require automatic roads estimation and human height prediction. This algorithm can be one of building block for advanced video surveillance systems.
Trafficking of CD44-deficient murine lymphocytes under normal and inflammatory conditions (2002)

CD44 has been implicated in hyaluronan (HA)-dependent primary adhesion between leukocytes and endothelium. We studied the trafficking of lymphocytes of CD44-deficient DBA/1 mice under normal conditions, and during chronic and transient forms of inflammation. Animals homozygous for the CD44 mutation (CD44(-/-)) showed no abnormalities in the composition of the lympho-hemopoietic system, but their leukocytes could not recognize HA as an adhesion ligand. T cells from CD44-deficient mice responded normally to immunization with type II collagen or stimulation with a bacterial superantigen. Lymphocytes harvested from naive CD44(-/-) and wild-type (WT) animals showed similar trafficking properties when injected into naive recipients. However, cells from WT and CD44-deficient mice with collagen-induced arthritis showed distinct migration kinetics upon transfer to arthritic recipients. While lymphocytes from CD44(-/-) mice preferentially homed to lymph nodes, their entry into the inflamed synovial joints was delayed as compared with WT cells. Similar differences were observed in the migration kinetics of CD44-deficient and CD44-competent (CD44(+/+)) lymphocytes in bacterial superantigen-induced peritonitis. These results suggest that CD44 plays opposite roles in the regulation of leukocyte traffic to inflammatory sites versus the lymph nodes. CD44-deficient lymphocytes from animals with chronic arthritis, but not from those with transient peritonitis, expressed markedly reduced levels of the lymph node homing receptor, L-selectin. Extreme down-modulation of L-selectin from CD44(-/-) cells in arthritic condition might be a counter-regulatory response, which, by extending lymphocyte transit time in the circulation at the expense of lymph node homing, allows CD44-deficient cells to gain entry to the site of chronic inflammation via secondary adhesion mechanisms.
Separation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by the separation method for biomolecules (2013)

カーボンナノチューブ（CNT）には金属型と半導体型が存在し、その優れた電気的性質を応用するには、2者を分離する必要がある。産業応用に向けては、大量・安価な分離法が求められる。我々は、生体分子の分離法を応用することにより、CNTの新規分離法を開発することに成功した。アガロースゲルを用いた電気泳動に始まり、最終的にはカラムを用いて大量・安価な分離を達成し、試料提供も開始した。直列カラムへのCNTの過剰投入による単一構造半導体型CNTの分離法も開発した。また、本論文では研究を効果的に進めるための、特許出願、成果発表、予算申請のタイミングの要点についても論じた。
Localization of protease nexin‐1 on the fibroblast extracellular matrix (1988)

Protease nexin-1 (PN-1) is a protease inhibitor that is secreted by fibroblasts and several other cultured cells. PN-1 forms complexes with certain serine proteases in the extracellular environment including thrombin, urokinase, and plasmin. The complexes then bind to the cells and are rapidly internalized and degraded. This report demonstrates that PN-1 is present on the surface of fibroblasts, bound to the extracellular matrix. Immunofluorescent studies showed that PN-1 colocalized with fibronectin on both intact cells and in preparations of extracellular matrix made from these cells. In contrast, PN-1 did not colocalize with the epidermal growth factor receptor, a plasma membrane marker. An enzyme-lined immunosorbent assay was developed which showed that the extracellular matrix contained at least 60-80% of the cellular immunoreactive PN-1. Extraction of the matrix with 2 M NaCl removed PN-1 in a form which reacted with 125I-thrombin to form complexes which were immunoprecipitated by anti-PN-1 IgG and were of identical size as complexes made from soluble PN-1 and 125I-thrombin. These data indicate that in addition to its role as a soluble protease inhibitor, PN-1 is also a component of the extracellular matrix and might control its proteolysis.
HD DVD-R Dual Layer Disc with Organic Dye (2005)

HD DVD - R dual layer disc: High density DVD dual layer recordable disc for blue laser system (30GB / DVD - R size) can be produced in the current DVD-R dual layer mass- production line with low - to - high polarity organic dyes. Excellent recording characteristics have been confirmed with cost - effective normal stack dual layer structure.
Design and field testing of a sunflower hybrid concentrator photovoltaic-thermal receiver (2022)

Hybrid concentrator photovoltaic-thermal (CPV/T) systems generate both electricity and process heat by splitting concentrated sunlight onto CPV cells and a thermal receiver utilizing a heat-transfer fluid. Such energy co-generation increases total conversion efficiency and reduces system costs to compete with more widely used electricity and heat-generation methods in target markets. Here, we design and prototype a sunflower-like CPV/T system that collects a portion of the incoming sunlight using triple-junction CPV cells operating with an average temperature of <85°C. In the same receiver, thermal output >245°C may be generated from both waste heat from the CPV cells and a spatially separated fraction of the incoming concentrated light illuminating a heat-exchanger coil. In total, >65% of incident sunlight is converted to electricity or process heat. On-sun field tests validate this model and guide future development, and a techno-economic model demonstrates a US average levelized cost of heat of 2.5 ¢/kWth.
Isotopic Peak Intensity Ratio Based Algorithm for Determination of Isotopic Clusters and Monoisotopic Masses of Polypeptides from High-Resolution Mass Spectrometric Data (2008)

Determining isotopic clusters and their monoisotopic masses is a first step in interpreting complex mass spectra generated by high-resolution mass spectrometers. We propose a mathematical model for isotopic distributions of polypeptides and an effective interpretation algorithm. Our model uses two types of ratios: intensity ratio of two adjacent peaks and intensity ratio product of three adjacent peaks in an isotopic distribution. These ratios can be approximated as simple functions of a polypeptide mass, the values of which fall within certain ranges, depending on the polypeptide mass. Given a spectrum as a peak list, our algorithm first finds all isotopic clusters consisting of two or more peaks. Then, it scores clusters using the ranges of ratio functions and computes the monoisotopic masses of the identified clusters. Our method was applied to high-resolution mass spectra obtained from a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer coupled to reverse-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). For polypeptides whose amino acid sequences were identified by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), we applied both THRASH-based software implementations and our method. Our method was observed to find more masses of known peptides when the numbers of the total clusters identified by both methods were fixed. Experimental results show that our method performed better for isotopic mass clusters of weak intensity where the isotopic distributions deviate significantly from their theoretical distributions. Also, it correctly identified some isotopic clusters that were not found by THRASH-based implementations, especially those for which THRASH gave 1 Da mismatches. Another advantage of our method is that it is very fast, much faster than THRASH that calculates the least-squares fit.
Lithography and High-Resolution Radiography with Pulsed X-Rays (1978)

X-rays from laser-heated plasmas can expose photoresists in less than a microsecond. Plasma emission above 1 keV is potentially applicable to routine replication of microelectronics and other masks by X-ray lithographic techniques. Intense subkilovolt radiation from laser-plasmas should also be useful for single-shot recording of highresolution radiographs of biological materials.
High-Temperature Treatments For Polyimide/Graphite Composite (1992)

Combination of inert-gas heat treatment and coating with material impermeable by oxygen proposed to increase thermo-oxidative and high-temperature structural stabilities of composite materials made of graphite fibers in matrices of PMR-15 polyimide. Proposal directed toward development of lightweight matrix/fiber composites for use in aircraft engines, wherein composites exposed to maximum operating temperatures between 371 and 427 degrees C.
GPS surveying with 1 mm precision using corrections for atmospheric slant path delay (1997)

Multipath and atmospheric effects can limit GPS surveying precision. We surveyed a 43 km baseline using large diameter choke ring antennas to reduce multipath and pointed radiometer and barometric data to correct for atmospheric slant delay. Based on 11 daily solutions, atmospheric slant delay corrections improved vertical precision to 1.2 mm rms and horizontal precision to sub‐mm. Applications for high precision GPS surveying include deformation monitoring associated with earthquake and volcanic processes, subsidence, isostasy, and sea level measurements; monitoring of atmospheric water vapor for climate and global change research, and to improve the resolution of synthetic aperture radar; calibration of satellite altimeters; and precise satellite orbit determination.
Oxyfunctionalization of Alkyl Aromatics (2008)

Abstract The sections in this article are Introduction Production of Terephthalic Acid or Dimethylterephthalate Production of Phthalic Anhydride Catalysts for the Production of Phthalic Anhydride Reaction Conditions, Reactor and Finishing Reactor of the PA ‐Synthesis Reaction Mechanism of PA Synthesis Production of Benzoic Acid or Benzaldehyde General Remarks Gas‐Phase Oxidation of Toluene to Benzoic Acid and Benzaldehyde Oxidation of p ‐Xylene to Terephthaldehyde and p ‐Toluic Aldehyde Conclusions
A Rule-based Language for Application Integration (2020)

Although message-based (business) application integration is based on orchestrated message flows, current modeling languages exclusively cover (parts of) the control flow, while under-specifying the data flow. Especially for more data-intensive integration scenarios, this fact adds to the inherent data processing weakness in conventional integration systems. We argue that with a more data-centric integration language and a relational logic based implementation of integration semantics, optimizations from the data management domain(e.g., data partitioning, parallelization) can be combined with common integration processing (e.g., scatter/gather, splitter/gather). With the Logic Integration Language (LiLa) we redefine integration logic tailored for data-intensive processing and propose a novel approach to data-centric integration modeling, from which we derive the control-and data flow and apply them to a conventional integration system.
Abstract 10912: Chronic Iron Deposition following Acute Hemorrhagic Myocardial Infarction: A Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Study (2012)

Introduction - Intramyocardial hemorrhage frequently occurs in large reperfused myocardial infarctions (MI). However, its long-term fate remains unexplored. Hypothesis - We hypothesize that intramyocardial hemorrhage, secondary to reperfused MI, results in chronic iron deposition within infarcted territories. Methods - We studied 15 patients by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) T2* mapping (1.5T) on day 3 and 6 months after successful percutaneous coronary intervention for first STEMI. Using the same CMR protocol, we also studied 20 canines, on days 3 and 56 post ischemia-reperfusion injury, of which 3 animals received sham procedures. Subsequently, canine hearts were explanted, imaged ex-vivo, and samples of hemorrhagic infarcts (Hemo+), non-hemorrhagic infarcts (Hemo-), remote and sham myocardium were isolated, sectioned and mass spectrometry was performed. Results - Eleven patients had Hemo+ (verified by T2* CMR on day 3) and their scar tissue T2* values remained significantly lower after 6 month...
FibroTest-FibroSURE™: towards a universal biomarker of liver fibrosis? (2005)

Among the noninvasive alternatives to liver biopsy, several studies have demonstrated the predictive value and superior benefit/risk ratio to biopsy of two combinations of simple serum biochemical markers in patients infected with hepatitis B and C virus. These include FibroTest (BioPredictive) for the quantitative assessment of fibrosis, and ActiTest (BioPredictive) for the quantitative assessment of necroinflammatory activity (HCV-FibroSURE, LabCorp). The possible causes of false negatives and positives are also better identified. These tests, which are now available in 12 countries, can facilitate the screening and management of the most frequent liver diseases.
On combining frequency warping and spectral shaping in HMM based speech recognition (2002)

Frequency warping approaches to speaker normalization have been proposed and evaluated on various speech recognition tasks. These techniques have been found to significantly improve performance even for speaker independent recognition from short utterances over the telephone network. In maximum likelihood (ML) based model adaptation a linear transformation is estimated and applied to the model parameters in order to increase the likelihood of the input utterance. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that significant advantage can be gained by performing frequency warping and ML speaker adaptation in a unified framework. A procedure is described which compensates utterances by simultaneously scaling the frequency axis and reshaping the spectral energy contour. This procedure is shown to reduce the error rate in a telephone based connected digit recognition task by 30-40%.
QRD based MVDR beamforming for fast tracking of speech and noise dynamics (2017)

Beamforming techniques are becoming popular in a wide spectrum of applications thanks to their promising performance. We consider applying the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer in a dynamic scenario, where the desired speaker, the noise components or microphone array may move. The generalized sidelobe canceler (GSC) structure offers a convenient implementation of the MVDR, allowing to track the noise efficiently. Yet, noise reduction is degraded during speech tracking. We propose a QR Decomposition (QRD) based MVDR beamformer, which allows to track both speech and noise variations in dynamic scenarios without sacrificing noise reduction during speech segments. The proposed method utilizes the QRD algorithm for the implementation of a complete system required for the realization of an MVDR beamformer, which includes the identification of noisy speech or noise-only time-frequency bins, speech tracking and noise tracking. The proposed QRD based MVDR is efficiently implemented, and its overall computational complexity is O(M <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), with M being the number of microphones. The advantages of the proposed method over the GSC are exemplified in a synthetically simulated scenario.
Recombinant Arabidopsis SQD1 Converts UDP-glucose and Sulfite to the Sulfolipid Head Group Precursor UDP-sulfoquinovose in Vitro (2001)

The sulfolipid sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol is a component of plant photosynthetic membranes and represents one of the few naturally occurring sulfonic acids with detergent properties. Sulfolipid biosynthesis involves the transfer of sulfoquinovose, a 6-deoxy-6-sulfoglucose, from UDP-sulfoquinovose to diacylglycerol. The formation of the sulfonic acid precursor, UDP-sulfoquinovose, from UDP-glucose and a sulfur donor is proposed to be catalyzed by the bacterial SQDB proteins or the orthologous plant SQD1 proteins. To investigate the underlying enzymatic mechanism and to elucidate the de novo synthesis of sulfonic acids in biological systems, we developed an in vitro assay for the recombinant SQD1 protein from Arabidopsis thaliana. Among different possible sulfur donors tested, sulfite led to the formation of UDP-sulfoquinovose in the presence of UDP-glucose and SQD1. An SQD1 T145A mutant showed greatly reduced activity. The UDP-sulfoquinovose formed in this assay was identified by co-chromatography with standards and served as substrate for the sulfolipid synthase associated with spinach chloroplast membranes. Approximate K(m) values of 150 microm for UDP-glucose and 10 microm for sulfite were established for SQD1. Based on our results, we propose that SQD1 catalyzes the formation of UDP-sulfoquinovose from UDP-glucose and sulfite, derived from the sulfate reduction pathway in the chloroplast.
Bayesian Modeling of Pretransplant Variables Accurately Predicts Kidney Graft Survival (2012)

We found recipient BMI, gender, race, and donor age to be influential predictors of outcome, while wait time and human leukocyte antigen matching were much less associated with outcome. BBN enabled us to examine variables from a large database to develop a robust predictive model.