gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Segmentation of Text and Graphics from Document Images (2007)

Text, graphics and half-tones are the major constituents of any document page. While half-tone can be characterised by its inherent intensity variation, text and graphics share common characteristics except difference in spatial distribution. The success of document image analysis systems depends on the proper segmentation. The success of document image analysis systems depends on the proper segmentation of text and graphics as text is further subdivided into other classes such as heading, table and math-zones. Segmentation of graphics is essential for better OCR performance and vectorization in computer vision applications. Graphics segmentation from text is particularly difficult in the context of graphics made of small components (dashed or dotted lines etc.) which have many features similar to texts. Here we propose a robust technique for segmenting all sorts of graphics and texts in any orientation from document pages.
Nimodipine Monotherapy and Carbamazepine Augmentation in Patients With Refractory Recurrent Affective Illness (1998)

Of 30 patients with treatment-refractory affective illness, 10 showed a moderate to marked response to blind nimodipine monotherapy compared with placebo on the Clinical Global Impressions Scale. Fourteen inadequately responsive patients (3 unipolar [UP], 11 bipolar [BP]) were treated with the blind addition of carbamazepine. Carbamazepine augmentation of nimodipine converted four (29%) of the partial responders to more robust responders. Patients who showed an excellent response to the nimodipine-carbamazepine combination included individual patients with patterns of rapid cycling, ultradian cycling, UP recurrent brief depression, and one with BP type II depression. When verapamil was blindly substituted for nimodipine, two BP patients failed to maintain improvement but responded again to nimodipine and remained well with a blind transition to another dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker (CCB), isradipine. Mechanistic implications of the response to the dihydropyridine L-type CCB nimodipine alone and in combination with carbamazepine are discussed.
Disease-Associated Mutant Ubiquitin Causes Proteasomal Impairment and Enhances the Toxicity of Protein Aggregates (2009)

Protein homeostasis is critical for cellular survival and its dysregulation has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Despite the growing appreciation of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in familial forms of AD, much less is known about the sporadic cases. Aggregates found in both familial and sporadic AD often include proteins other than those typically associated with the disease. One such protein is a mutant form of ubiquitin, UBB+1, a frameshift product generated by molecular misreading of a wild-type ubiquitin gene. UBB+1 has been associated with multiple disorders. UBB+1 cannot function as a ubiquitin molecule, and it is itself a substrate for degradation by the ubiquitin/proteasome system (UPS). Accumulation of UBB+1 impairs the proteasome system and enhances toxic protein aggregation, ultimately resulting in cell death. Here, we describe a novel model system to investigate how UBB+1 impairs UPS function and whether it plays a causal role in protein aggregation. We expressed a protein analogous to UBB+1 in yeast (Ub ext ) and demonstrated that it caused UPS impairment. Blocking ubiquitination of Ub ext or weakening its interactions with other ubiquitin-processing proteins reduced the UPS impairment. Expression of Ub ext altered the conjugation of wild-type ubiquitin to a UPS substrate. The expression of Ub ext markedly enhanced cellular susceptibility to toxic protein aggregates but, surprisingly, did not induce or alter nontoxic protein aggregates in yeast. Taken together, these results suggest that Ub ext interacts with more than one protein to elicit impairment of the UPS and affect protein aggregate toxicity. Furthermore, we suggest a model whereby chronic UPS impairment could inflict deleterious consequences on proper protein aggregate sequestration.
Brain MRI segmentation with patch-based CNN approach (2016)

Brain Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) plays a non-substitutive role in clinical diagnosis. The symptom of many diseases corresponds to the structural variants of brain. Automatic structure segmentation in brain MRI is of great importance in modern medical research. Some methods were developed for automatic segmenting of brain MRI but failed to achieve desired accuracy. In this paper, we proposed a new patch-based approach for automatic segmentation of brain MRI using convolutional neural network (CNN). Each brain MRI acquired from a small portion of public dataset is firstly divided into patches. All of these patches are then used for training CNN, which is used for automatic segmentation of brain MRI. Experimental results showed that our approach achieved better segmentation accuracy compared with other deep learning methods.
ABSTRACT: Depositional Environment and Source Rock Potential of Miocene Strata from the Nordic Seas, Fram Strait: Introduction of a new Computing Tool for Simulating Organic Facies Variations along 2-D Basin Transects (2001)

This DOI is not currently attached to any metadata records. DOIs can’t actually ever be deleted (they’re persistent), but sometimes our members create DOIs in error. We do have a process to approximate deletion which we follow only in rare cases where the DOI has been genuinely created in error, and most crucially, if the DOI has never been published anywhere online or in print and never otherwise distributed to or communicated with anyone (authors, readers, reviewers, etc.
Effect of the Mode of Lipid Administration on Parenteral Nutrition-Related Infections (1992)

Use of TNAs does not influence the rate of infection in patients receiving PN.
Unscented Kalman filtering for wave energy converters system identification (2014)

A model for a oscillating flap wave energy converter (WEC) is as a single degree of freedom system with a non-linear term to allow for the drag of the device through the water, known as the Morison term. The focus of this system identification is on estimating the dynamic state of the system and estimating the non-linear parameter from observations of the wave elevation and the vertical displacement of the device. It is assumed that the mass, stiffness and damping of the system, without the Morison term, are known from the physical characteristics of the device. The Kalman Filter (KF) can be used to estimate the states of a linear system, however, it is not directly applicable to a non-linear system. Various adaptations have been proposed for non-linear systems. One of the first was the extended Kalman Filter (EKF) which relied on a linearization about the current state values. However, an alternative approach, known as the unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) has been found to give a better performance and is easier to implement. We apply the UKF to estimate the dynamic states of the system together with the non-linear parameter. The fitted model can be used to predict the performance of the device in different wave environments. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
AGROBACTERIUM MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L.): SOME CONDITIONS STANDARDIZATION (2010)

Present study was aimed to standardize some transformation conditions for soybean cultivar NARC-4 using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA 101 harboring pGUSintNPTII. Soybean half seed cotyledonary node method was opted. It was found that explant preparation in Agrosuspension culture resulted in highest transformation efficiency (48.3%) than in infection medium and water. One hour infection time was found optimum (55.9% transformation efficiency) in culture OD600 1.0. Co-cultivation of soybean half seed explants with Agrobacterium for five days showed better results as compared with three and four days. Two hr washing in washing medium containing 1g/L cefotaxime controlled prevalence of Agrobacterium in further steps. It was found that varying kanamycin concentration in selection medium resulted in high survival rate of transformed shoots. NARC-4 soybean cultivar showed better transformation efficiency than NARC-7 when genotype dependency was examined using Agrobacterium strain EHA101.
Frequent hypermethylation of <i>MST1</i> and <i>MST2</i> in soft tissue sarcoma (2007)

The RASSF1A tumor suppressor is involved in regulation of apoptosis and cell cycle progression. RASSF1A is localized to microtubules and binds the apoptotic kinases MST1 and MST2. It has been shown that this interaction is mediated by the Sav-RASSF-Hpo domain, which is an interaction domain characterized for the Drosophila proteins Sav (human WW45), Hpo (human MST1 and MST2) and Warts/LATS (large tumor suppressor). Previously, we have reported that RASSF1A hypermethylation occurs frequently in soft tissue sarcoma and is associated with an unfavorable prognosis for cancer patients. In our study, we performed methylation analysis of the CpG island promoter of MST1, MST2, WW45, LATS1 and LATS2 in soft tissue sarcomas by methylation-specific PCR. No or a very low methylation frequency was detected for WW45, LATS1 and LATS2 (<7%). In 19 out of 52 (37%) sarcomas, a methylated promoter of MST1 was detected and 12 out of 60 (20%) samples showed methylation of the MST2 promoter. Methylation status of MST1 was confirmed by bisulfite sequencing. In tumors harboring a methylated promoter of MST1, a reduction of MST1 expression was observed by RT-PCR. In leiomyosarcomas, MST1 and MST2 or RASSF1A methylation were mutually exclusive (P = 0.007 and P = 0.025, respectively). Surprisingly, a significantly increased risk for tumor-related death was found for patients with an unmethylated MST1 promoter (P = 0.036). In summary, our results suggest that alteration of the Sav-RASSF1-Hpo tumor suppressor pathway may occur through hypermethylation of the CpG island promoter of MST1, MST2 and/or RASSF1A in human sarcomas.
Improvement and implementation of quine-McCluskey algorithm for synthesis of reversible logic circuits (2017)

In order to meet the requirements of the reversible logic synthesis, the Quine-McCluskey algorithm is improved and Implemented in this paper. By analyzing the difference and relation between the “SOP” expression and “ESOP” expression, we derived the transformation method between them and summarize the key points of the implementation of Quine-McCluskey algorithm. Additionally, the validity of the proposed method is verified by theoretical deduction and case analysis.
Repetitive in situ renewal and activation of carbon and platinum electrodes: application to pulse voltammetry (1987)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRepetitive in situ renewal and activation of carbon and platinum electrodes: application to pulse voltammetryMelanie. Poon and Richard L. McCreeryCite this: Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 13, 1615–1620Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00140a008https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00140a008research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views249Altmetric-Citations43LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Data-Driven-Based Analog Beam Selection for Hybrid Beamforming Under mm-Wave Channels (2018)

Hybrid beamforming is a promising low-cost solution for large multiple-input multiple-output systems, where the base station is equipped with fewer radio frequency chains. In these systems, the selection of codewords for analog beamforming is essential to optimize the uplink sum rate. In this paper, based on machine learning, we propose a data-driven method of analog beam selection to achieve a near-optimal sum rate with low complexity, which is highly dependent on training data. Specifically, we take the beam selection problem as a multiclass-classification problem, where the training dataset consists of a large number of samples of the millimeter-wave channel. Using this training data, we exploit the support vector machine algorithm to obtain a statistical classification model, which maximizes the sum rate. For real-time transmissions, with the derived classification model, we can select, with low complexity, the optimal analog beam of each user. We also propose a novel method to determine the optimal parameter of Gaussian kernel function via McLaughlin expansion. Analysis and simulation results reveal that, as long as the training data are sufficient, the proposed data-driven method achieves a near-optimal sum-rate performance, while the complexity reduces by several orders of magnitude, compared to the conventional method.
Using Bayesian Networks for Cleansing Trauma Data (2003)

Medical data is unique due to its large volume, heterogeneity and complexity. This necessitates costly active participation of medical domain experts in the task of cleansing medical data. In this paper we present a new data cleansing approach that utilizes Bayesian networks to correct errant attribute val-ues. Bayesian networks capture expert domain knowledge as well as the uncertainty inherent in the cleansing process, both of which existing cleansing tools fail to model. Accuracy is improved by utilizing contextual information in correcting er-rant values. Our approach operates in conjunction with mod-els of possible error types that we have identified through our cleansing activities. We evaluate our approach and apply our method to correcting instances of these error types.
The relationship between body sway and foot pressure in normal man (1980)

The relationship between the movement of the centre of foot pressure in the anterio-posterior plane and the rotation which occurs in the same plane at the level of the ankles, hips and shoulders during postural sway was examined in a group of normal human subjects. Expressed as three frequency-dependent functions this relationship consists of both relative magnitude and phase components. The magnitude component indicates that the pressure centre was most sensitive to ankle rotation, less to hip and least sensitive to rotation at the level of the shoulders. The sensitivity of the pressure centre was also a function of the frequency of the rotations and this is evidenced by the presence of several resonant peaks in the relationship. It is suggested that these could be due to body inertia and transmission delays. The resonant peaks became more prominent when the subjects stood with eyes closed. The growth of resonant peaks is taken as a sign of reduced postural stability and on this basis it is argued that a distinction should probably be made between the concepts of the stability and the steadiness of stance.
Nox4 is a Target for Tuberin Deficiency Syndrome (2018)

Abstract The mechanism by which TSC2 inactivation or deficiency contributes to the pathology of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is not fully clear. We show that renal angiomyolipomas from TSC patients and kidney cortex from Tsc2 +/− mice exhibit elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Downregulation of tuberin (protein encoded by TSC2 gene) in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells significantly increased ROS concomitant with enhanced Nox4. Similarly, we found elevated levels of Nox4 in the renal cortex of Tsc2 +/− mice and in the renal angiomyolipomas from TSC patients. Tuberin deficiency is associated with activation of mTORC1. Rapamycin, shRNAs targeting raptor, or inhibition of S6 kinase significantly inhibited the expression of Nox4, resulting in attenuation of production of ROS in tuberin-downregulated proximal tubular epithelial cells. In contrast, activation of mTORC1 increased Nox4 and ROS. These results indicate that Nox4 may be a potential target for tuberin-deficiency-derived diseases. Using a xenograft model from tuberin-null tubular cells in nude mice, both anti-sense Nox4 and GKT137831, a specific inhibitor of Nox1/4, significantly inhibited the tumor growth. Thus, our results demonstrate the presence of an antagonistic relationship between tuberin and Nox4 to drive oncogenesis in the tuberin deficiency syndrome and identify Nox4 as a target to develop a therapy for TSC.
Role of Dopaminergic Receptors in Glaucomatous Disease Modulation (2013)

Both studies on animals and humans suggest the presence of dopamine (DA) receptors in the anterior segment of the eye. Their role in the dynamics of intraocular pressure (IOP) is not yet clear. DA2 and DA3 receptors are mainly located on postganglionic sympathetic nerve endings. Their stimulation reduces the release of norepinephrine and suppresses the production of aqueous humor. DA1 receptors seem to be more expressed by the ciliary body and the outflow pathway of aqueous humor. The administration of DA1-selective agonists stimulates the production of aqueous humor, increasing IOP, whereas DA2- and DA3-selective agonists could reduce IOP and, therefore, the risk to develop a glaucoma (GL). GL is a broad spectrum of eye diseases which have in common the damage to the optic nerve and the progressive loss of the visual field. Further studies are desirable to clarify the role of the dopaminergic system and the usefulness of DA2 and DA3 agonists in reducing IOP.
Vascular endothelial growth factor upregulates expression of annexin A2 in vitro and in a mouse model of ischemic retinopathy. (2009)

These findings suggest that annexin A2 might induce retinal neovascularization through a VEGF-VEGFR2 pathway in ischemia-induced retina neovascularization. Therefore, annexin A2 is an angiogenesis activator and may be a potential target for the development of effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of retinal neovascularization.
Discovering Knowledge Rules with Multi-Objective Evolutionary Computing (2010)

Most Machine Learning systems target into inducing classifiers with optimal coverage and precision measures. Although this constitutes a good approach for prediction, it might not provide good results when the user is more interested in description. In this case, the induced models should present other properties such as novelty, interestingness and so forth. In this paper we present a research work based in Multi-Objective Evolutionary Computing to construct individual knowledge rules targeting arbitrary user-defined criteria via objective quality measures such as precision, support, novelty etc. This paper also presents a comparison among multi-objective and ranking composition techniques. It is shown that multi-objective-based methods attain better results than ranking-based methods, both in terms of solution dominance and diversity of solutions in the Pareto front.
Coupled estimators for equalization of fast-fading mobile channels (1998)

This letter presents a new method for identification of fast-fading mobile channels (for which combinations of vehicle speed and carrier frequency give rise to significant fading). Our new algorithm estimates both the channel statistics and the time-varying channel impulse response on-line. Simulation studies demonstrate the performance of the new estimator which couples an augmented Kalman filter with a recursive least squares algorithm.
A Robust, Eco‐Friendly Access to Secondary Thioamides through the Addition of Organolithium Reagents to Isothiocyanates in Cyclopentyl Methyl Ether (CPME) (2015)

The nucleophilic addition of widely available and variously functionalized organolithium reagents to isothiocyanates represents a straightforward, high-yielding, one-pot method to access secondary thioamides. The simple reaction conditions required and the broad scope (>50 cases examples) makes it a robust and reliable method to access both simple and complex thioamides, including enantiopure ones. Noxious and unpleasant-smelling sulfurating agents, usually employed in the literature established methods, are avoided during the whole synthetic procedure thus, rendering the protocol highly attractive, also for sustainability aspects.
Competitive routing of virtual circuits with unknown duration (1994)

In this paper we present a strategy to route unknown duration virtual circuits in a high-speed communication network. Previous work on virtual circuit routing concentrated on the case where the call duration is known in advance. We show that by allowing O(logn) reroutes per call, we can achieve O(logn) competitive ratio with respect to the maximum load (congestion) for the unknown duration case, where n is the number of nodes in the network. This is in contrast to the ?(n) lower bound on the competitive ratio for this case if no rerouting is allowed (Azar et al., 1992, Proc. 33rd IEEE Annual Symposium of Foundations of Computer Science, pp. 218?225). Our routing algorithm can be also applied in the context of machine load balancing of tasks with unknown duration. We present an algorithm that makes O(logn) reassignments per task and achieves O(logn) competitive ratio with respect to the load, where n is the number of parallel machines. For a special case of unit load tasks we design a constant competitive algorithm. The previously known algorithms that achieve up to polylogarithmic competitive ratio for load balancing of tasks with unknown duration dealt only with special cases of related machines case and unit-load tasks with restricted assignment (Azar et al., 1993, Proc. Workshop on Algorithms and Data Structures, pp. 119?130; Azar et al., 1992, Proc. 3rd ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, pp. 203?210).
Stepwise artificial evolution of a plant disease resistance gene (2013)

Genes encoding plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins confer dominant resistance to diverse pathogens. The wild-type potato NB-LRR protein Rx confers resistance against a single strain of potato virus X (PVX), whereas LRR mutants protect against both a second PVX strain and the distantly related poplar mosaic virus (PopMV). In one of the Rx mutants there was a cost to the broad-spectrum resistance because the response to PopMV was transformed from a mild disease on plants carrying wild-type Rx to a trailing necrosis that killed the plant. To explore the use of secondary mutagenesis to eliminate this cost of broad-spectrum resistance, we performed random mutagenesis of the N-terminal domains of this broad-recognition version of Rx and isolated four mutants with a stronger response against the PopMV coat protein due to enhanced activation sensitivity. These mutations are located close to the nucleotide-binding pocket, a highly conserved structure that likely controls the "switch" between active and inactive NB-LRR conformations. Stable transgenic plants expressing one of these versions of Rx are resistant to the strains of PVX and the PopMV that previously caused trailing necrosis. We conclude from this work that artificial evolution of NB-LRR disease resistance genes in crops can be enhanced by modification of both activation and recognition phases, to both accentuate the positive and eliminate the negative aspects of disease resistance.