gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Benzene Removal by Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Decorated Carbon Nanotubes (2016)

In this paper, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) impregnated with iron oxide nanoparticles were employed for the removal of benzene from water. The adsorbents were characterized using scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, BET surface area, and thermogravimetric analysis. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to study the adsorptive removal of benzene and the effect of parameters such as pH, contact time, and adsorbent dosage. The maximum removal of benzene was 61% with iron oxide impregnated CNTs at an adsorbent dosage 100 mg, shaking speed 200 rpm, contact time 2 hours, initial concentration 1 ppm, and pH 6. However, raw CNTs showed only 53% removal under same experimental conditions. Pseudo-first-order kinetic model was found well to describe the obtained data on benzene removal from water. Initial concentration was varied from 1 to 200 mg/L for isotherms study. Langmuir isotherm model was observed to best describe the adsorption data. The maximum adsorption capacities were 987.58 mg/g and 517.27 mg/g for iron oxide impregnated CNTs and raw CNTs, respectively. Experimental results revealed that impregnation with iron oxide nanoparticles significantly increased the removal efficiency of CNTs.
Single-shot surface 3D imaging by optical coherence factor (2020)

We report a single-shot three-dimensional (3D) topographical imaging method, optical coherence factor (OCF) imaging, which uses optical coherence as the contrast mechanism to acquire the surface height (${z}$z-direction) information of an object. A 4-f imaging system records the light field reflected from the surface of the object. The illumination of the imaging system comes from a laser source with the optical coherence length comparable to the depth of field (DoF) of the optical system. Off-axis holographic recording is used to retrieve the coherence factor from the interference fringes, which is then converted to ${z}$z-direction information. In this experiment, we validate our 3D imaging results comparing them to axial scanning full-field optical coherence tomography images. We also analyze the contrast mechanism of OCF and show that it is able to provide additional information over conventional coherent and incoherent imaging using the same imaging setup. This single-shot computationally efficient method may have potential applications in industrial quality control inspection.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Alkyl‐Substituted p‐Benzoquinones from Phenols by a H2O2/Heteropoly Acid System. (1989)

Abstract Various phenols such as (I) are oxidized with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of heteropoly acids in acetic acid to give the p‐benzoquinones such as (II).
Design and validation of a multi-axis robotic platform for the characterization of ankle neuromechanics (2017)

This paper presents a novel multi-axis robotic platform for the characterization of two important neuromuscular properties of the human ankle: mechanical impedance and reflex responses. The platform is capable of producing highly accurate position perturbations up to an angular speed of 200°/s and emulating a wide range of haptic environments in two degree-of-freedom (DOF) of the ankle: dorsiflexion-plantarflexion (in the sagittal plane) and inversion-eversion (in the frontal plane). This unique feature allows us to seamlessly simulate realistic mechanical environments and to transiently perturb the ankle for the characterization of its neuromuscular properties. The position controller achieved the accuracy of 0.05° even under the loading condition (a subject of 95 kg standing on the platform). The haptic controller could successfully emulate a wide range of mechanical environments, from compliant to rigid (50-1000 Nm/rad), with an error of 2% of the commanded values. We further validated that the proposed platform could reliably estimate the stiffness of a mockup (17.8-171.0 Nm/rad) that resembles the human ankle within an error of 1.6%. Finally we demonstrated that the platform could be successfully utilized to elicit medium-latency and long-latency reflex responses of the ankle muscles. Implications for future ankle studies are discussed.
Cascades for Natural Water Enrichment in Deuterium and Oxygen-18 Using Membrane Permeation (1993)

Abstract Heavy isotope enrichment of water using a hydrophobic membrane permeation process is described. Simple and ordinary countercurrent cascades will not be of practical interest because of high energy demand. A better solution is to employ a double countercurrent cascade, reutilizing part of the heat of condensation.
LEU3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae activates multiple genes for branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis by binding to a common decanucleotide core sequence. (1988)

LEU3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes an 886-amino-acid polypeptide that regulates transcription of a group of genes involved in leucine biosynthesis and has been shown to bind specifically to a 114-base-pair DNA fragment of the LEU2 upstream region (P. Friden and P. Schimmel, Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:2707-2717, 1987). We show here that, in addition to LEU2, LEU3 binds in vitro to sequences in the promoter regions of LEU1, LEU4, ILV2, and, by inference, ILV5. The largely conserved decanucleotide core sequence shared by the binding sites in these genes is CCGGNNCCGG. Methylation interference footprinting experiments show that LEU3 makes symmetrical contacts with the conserved bases that lie in the major groove. Synthetic oligonucleotides (19 to 29 base pairs) which contain the core decanucleotide and flanking sequences of LEU1, LEU2, LEU4, and ILV2 have individually been placed upstream of a LEU3-insensitive test promoter. The expression of each construction is activated by LEU3, although the degree of activation varies considerably according to the specific oligonucleotide which is introduced. A promoter construction with substitutions in the core sequence remains LEU3 insensitive, however. One of the oligonucleotides (based on a LEU2 sequence) was also tested and shown to confer leucine-sensitive expression on the test promoter. The results demonstrate that only a short sequence element is necessary for LEU3-dependent promoter binding and activation and provide direct evidence for an expanded repertoire of genes that are activated by LEU3.
Pancharatnam–Berry Phase Manipulating Metasurface for Visible Color Hologram Based on Low Loss Silver Thin Film (2017)

This study demonstrates visible color hologram using a plasmonic metasurface. The metasurface is fabricated by perforating nanoslits in a 50 nm thick monocrystalline silver film that is ultrasmooth and has ultralow loss compared to conventional polycrystalline silver films commonly used in plasmonics. The designed plasmonic hologram is the thinnest metasurface hologram operating in transmission mode to the best of our knowledge. Holograms of three individual component colors (red, green, and blue) are demonstrated in transmission mode, and a scheme for generating polychromatic hologram is illustrated. By adjusting the slit dimensions and orientation, the phase of a visible spectrum light can be controlled, paving the way to applications of ultracompact polychromatic plasmonic metasurfaces for advanced light manipulation.
Diaphragmatic thickness-lung volume relationship in vivo (1989)

To characterize the relationship of changes in diaphragmatic thickness during contraction to changes in lung volume, we developed a technique to measure diaphragm thickness based on M-mode ultrasonography. First, diaphragmatic thickness was measured in situ at necropsy with ultrasound and verified by measuring the same resected segment of diaphragm by ruler (correlation coefficient = 0.93, slope = 0.97). The technique of imaging the diaphragm in living subjects was developed by using a 15-MHz transducer coupled to an M-mode echocardiograph. Ten normal male volunteers were studied while sitting. The ultrasound transducer was held between the ribs in the ninth lateral interspace, and tidal volume was measured by spirometry. The thickening fraction (TF) was calculated as TF = (thickness at peak inspiration - thickness at end expiration)/thickness at end expiration for each of a series of different sized breaths. The function, TF vs. lung volume, for a range of volumes was linear for each subject and had intrasubject reproducibility with intersubject variability. We conclude that diaphragmatic TF is related to function as determined by lung volume, and this may prove to be a useful technique for in vivo studies of diaphragmatic function.
A Two-Plate Capacitive Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicle Charging Applications (2017)

This letter proposes a two-plate capacitive wireless power transfer (CPT) system for electric vehicle charging applications. The vehicle chassis and the earth ground are used to transfer power, which can replace two plates in a conventional four-plate CPT system. Therefore, only two external plates are required in the proposed CPT system. The coupling capacitance between the plates allows the current to flow forward to the vehicle side, and the stray capacitance between the chassis and the earth ground provides the current-returning path. After analyzing the working principle of a CPT system, it shows that the voltage on the vehicle chassis can be reduced through switching frequency, the coupler structure design, and the compensation circuit design. Then, a downsized prototype is implemented to validate the proposed system, in which two inductors are used to compensate the capacitive coupler. Experimental results show that the prototype achieves 350-W power transfer with 74.1% dc–dc efficiency over an air-gap distance of 110 mm, and the RMS voltage on vehicle chassis is limited to 132 V.
Cerium oxide nanoparticle treatment ameliorates peritonitis-induced diaphragm dysfunction (2015)

The severe inflammation observed during sepsis is thought to cause diaphragm dysfunction, which is associated with poor patient prognosis. Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles have been posited to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities suggesting that these particles may be of potential use for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. To investigate this possibility, Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: sham control, CeO2 nanoparticle treatment only (0.5 mg/kg iv), sepsis, and sepsis+CeO2 nanoparticles. Sepsis was induced by the introduction of cecal material (600 mg/kg) directly into the peritoneal cavity. Nanoparticle treatment decreased sepsis-associated impairments in diaphragmatic contractile (P(o)) function (sham: 25.6±1.6 N/cm(2) vs CeO2: 23.4±0.8 N/cm(2) vs Sep: 15.9±1.0 N/cm(2) vs Sep+CeO2: 20.0±1.0 N/cm(2), P<0.05). These improvements in diaphragm contractile function were accompanied by a normalization of protein translation signaling (Akt, FOXO-1, and 4EBP1), diminished proteolysis (caspase 8 and ubiquitin levels), and decreased inflammatory signaling (Stat3 and iNOS). Histological analysis suggested that nanoparticle treatment was associated with diminished sarcolemma damage and diminished inflammatory cell infiltration. These data indicate CeO2 nanoparticles may improve diaphragmatic function in the septic laboratory rat.
Erbium Doped Fibre Lasers And Amplifiers (1990)

Recent advances in the field of Er3+-doped optical fibre amplifiers and lasers operating around λ=1.54μm will be described, with particular reference to 'new' pump wavelengths and practical pump sources for these devices.
Microporous Carbon Adsorbents for Hydrogen Storage (1999)

The desirable characteristics of activated carbons for gas-storage applica tions are: (1) high microporosity (pores smaller than 2 nm) ; and (2) high sorbent packing density, i.e., low voidage in the storage container (e.g., the use of mono lithic sorbent elements). A cyclic chemisorption-desorption char activation tech nique was used to maximize micropore formation and minimize mesoporosity. Several carbons were prepared at different degrees of burn-off, and the BET surface areas were found to be up to 2000 m2/g. The carbons were prepared in the form of powders and pellets to demonstrate that the future use of shaped mono lithic elements can lead to the reduction of voidage in the storage container by up to 40%. The adsorption isotherms of the produced carbons showed high microporosity and no appreciable mesoporosity, even at high burn-offs. The advantage of using the cyclic chemisorption-desorption char activation technique over the traditional steady-state gasification was experimentally demonstrated. The paper also discusses the evolution of sorbent microporosity as a function of carbon burn-off and the duration of the chemisorption step. Preliminary data on hydrogen-storage capacity are also reported.
Estimating underlying neuronal activity from EEG using an iterative sparse technique (2015)

In this paper a novel technique for solving the bio-electromagnetic inverse problem is proposed. This method provides information about the location and extent of underlying neuronal activity. This is essential for the presurgical planning for partial epilepsy patients who are resistant to anti-epileptic drugs. The proposed algorithm takes advantage of the fact that neuronal activity transparent to EEG, arises from a spatially extended brain region. This spatial coherence is modeled within the framework of sparse signal processing techniques and makes better use of the limited number of EEG recordings. An iterative data-driven weighting is also introduced to better the extent estimation as well as eliminating the need to threshold estimated solutions.
Measurement of Blood Access Flow Rate During Hemodialysis from Conductivity Dialysance (1999)

An on line clearance monitor automated for measurements of conductivity dialysance (Dcn) was used to measure blood access flow rate (cnQac) during hemodialysis. From mathematical analysis of transport, it was shown that cnQacc = [(Dcn*Decn)/(Dcn - Decn)] [1/bwf], where Dcn is measured with standard cocurrent flow of dialyzer blood (Qb) and Qac; Decn is measured with countercurrent Qb/Qac; and bwf is fractional blood water content. An identical equation was derived to measure Qac from urea dialysance (uQac, Du, Deu). In vitro studies showed excellent correlation between volumetric measurement of Qac (vQac) and cnQac, r = 0.98, n = 29, and between uQac and cnQac, r = 0.97, n = 28. In vivo studies showed comparable agreement between uQac and cnQacc, r = 0.97, n = 14. In two of the patients studied, there was unsuspected severe midgraft stenosis (no recirculation in cocurrent flow) with a Qac of 89 and 202 ml/min disclosed by both cnQac and uQac measurements. Mathematical analysis also showed that when Qb is greater than Qac and there is recirculation in cocurrent flow, the above equations always return the value Qac = Qb. An equation was derived to calculate cnQac without reversal of blood lines in this case, using Dcn calculated from the dialyzer transport coefficient and flow rates.
Abstract A141: A novel inhibitor of malignant signaling in metastatic breast cancer (2015)

Abstract The Rho GTPase Rac is a pivotal regulator of cancer cell migration and invasion; processes required for metastatic progression. We previously characterized the small molecule EHop-016 as a novel Rac inhibitor in metastatic breast cancer cells and recently reported that EHop-016 was effective at reducing tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis in nude mice at 25 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) (Castillo-Pichardo, et al. 2014). We also determined the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of EHop-016, and reported that EHop-016 is rapidly cleared from mouse plasma with a half-life of ∼5 hrs and ∼30% bioavailability (Humphries-Bickley, et al., 2015). To improve the bioavailability and efficacy of EHop-016, we synthesized and screened a number of derivatives, from which EHop-016A was identified as a potent Rac inhibitor at nM concentrations. Moreover, as determined from immunofluorescence and brightfield microscopy of several breast cancer cell lines, EHop-016A has a dramatic effect on cell morphology by inducing a loss of cell polarity, and inhibiting cell surface actin-based extensions and focal adhesions, to ultimately result in the detachment of cells from the extracellular matrix (ECM). In addition, EHop-016A reduces breast cancer cell migration in a transwell assay. EHop-016A also decreases mammosphere formation, indicating an inhibitory effect on breast cancer stem cell-like properties. The effect of EHop-016A on metastatic cancer cell viability was determined via MTT assays. EHop-016A decreases cell viability with a GI50 of 150 nM and 110 nM in MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-231 human metastatic cancer cell lines respectively. Western blotting demonstrated that EHop-016A decreases anti-apoptotic proteins BCL-2 and BCL-xL without affecting their gene expression, as quantified by qPCR. Consequently, EHop-016A increases pro-apoptotic caspase 3/7 activity. These results indicate that the EHop-016A induced cell rounding and detachment from the substratum results in anoikis (apoptosis due to dissolution of integrin-mediated cell to ECM attachments). Therefore, this new small molecule compound has potential as an inhibitor of metastatic breast cancer progression, and warrants further investigation as an anticancer agent. Citation Format: Tessa Humphries-Bickley, Linette Castillo-Pichardo, Luis Borrero-Garcia, Ingrid Forestier-Roman, Luis Cubano, Eliud Hernandez-O'Farrill, Cornelis Vlaar, Suranganie Dharmawardhane. A novel inhibitor of malignant signaling in metastatic breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr A141.
Liquid Cloud Storage (2019)

A liquid system provides durable object storage based on spreading redundantly generated data across a network of hundreds to thousands of potentially unreliable storage nodes. A liquid system uses a combination of a large code , lazy repair , and flow storage organization . We show that a liquid system can be operated to enable flexible and essentially optimal combinations of storage durability, storage overhead, repair bandwidth usage, and access performance.
Response Mechanism of Polymer Membrane-Based Potentiometric Polyion Sensors (1994)

The potentiometric response mechanism of a previously reported polymer membrane-based electrode sensitive to the polyanion heparin is established. Based on transport and extraction studies, the heparin response is attributed to a nonequilibrium change in the phase boundary potential at the sample/membrane interface. While true equilibrium polyion response, obtained for low heparin concentrations only after very long equilibration times (> 20 h), yields the expected Nernstian response slope of < 1 mV/decade, the observed large and reproducible EMF response to clinically relevant heparin concentrations (approximately 10(-7) M) during typical measurement periods (2-5 min) is ascribed to a steady-state kinetic process defined by the flux of the polyion both to the surface and into the bulk of the polymer membrane. A model describing this nonequilibrium response is presented. With this model, the uniqueness of the polymer membrane composition (e.g., very low plasticizer content, strictly controlled cationic site concentration, etc.) required to achieve analytically useful heparin response becomes clear. Practical working conditions and limitations of the sensor are discussed. To support the generality of the steady-state model proposed, corresponding EMF response data for a newly developed membrane electrode sensitive to a polycationic protein (protamine) are also presented. It is shown that the protamine-responsive membrane electrode appears to operate via the exact same kinetic mechanism as the heparin sensing system.
SLA management in federated environments (2003)

Increasingly, services such as E-commerce, Web hosting, application hosting, etc., are being deployed over an infrastructure that spans multiple control domains. These end-to-end services require cooperation and internetworking between multiple organizations, systems and entities. Currently, there are no standard mechanisms to share selective management information between the various service providers or between service providers and their customers. Such mechanisms are necessary for end-to-end service management and diagnosis as well as for ensuring the service level obligations between a service provider and its customers or partners. In this paper we describe an architecture that uses contracts based on service level agreements (SLA) to share selective management information across administrative boundaries. We also describe the design of a prototype implementation of this architecture that has been used by us for automatically measuring, monitoring, and verifying service level agreements for Internet services.
Three-Dimensional Imaging by Portable Parallel Phase-Shifting Digital Holography System (2011)

We constructed a portable parallel phase-shifting digital holography system. The size and weight of the system are 450mm × 250mm × 200mm and 7kg, respectively. We succeed in three-dimensional imaging of objects with the system.
Inhibition of AmpC β-Lactamase through a Destabilizing Interaction in the Active Site<sup>,</sup> (2001)

Beta-lactamases hydrolyze beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins and cephalosporins; these enzymes are the most widespread resistance mechanism to these drugs and pose a growing threat to public health. beta-Lactams that contain a bulky 6(7)alpha substituent, such as imipenem and moxalactam, actually inhibit serine beta-lactamases and are widely used for this reason. Although mutant serine beta-lactamases have arisen that hydrolyze beta-lactamase resistant beta-lactams (e.g., ceftazidime) or avoid mechanism-based inhibitors (e.g., clavulanate), mutant serine beta-lactamases have not yet arisen in the clinic with imipenemase or moxalactamase activity. Structural and thermodynamic studies suggest that the 6(7)alpha substituents of these inhibitors form destabilizing contacts within the covalent adduct with the conserved Asn152 in class C beta-lactamases (Asn132 in class A beta-lactamases). This unfavorable interaction may be crucial to inhibition. To test this destabilization hypothesis, we replaced Asn152 with Ala in the class C beta-lactamase AmpC from Escherichia coli and examined the mutant enzyme's thermodynamic stability in complex with imipenem and moxalactam. Consistent with the hypothesis, the Asn152 --> Ala substitution relieved 0.44 and 1.10 kcal/mol of strain introduced by imipenem and moxalactam, respectively, relative to the wild-type complexes. However, the kinetic efficiency of AmpC N152A was reduced by 6300-fold relative to that of the wild-type enzyme. To further investigate the inhibitor's interaction with the mutant enzyme, the X-ray crystal structure of moxalactam in complex with N152A was determined to a resolution of 1.83 A. Moxalactam in the mutant complex is significantly displaced from its orientation in the wild-type complex; however, moxalactam does not adopt an orientation that would restore competence for hydrolysis. Although Asn152 forces beta-lactams with 6(7)alpha substituents out of a catalytically competent configuration, making them inhibitors, the residue is essential for orienting beta-lactam substrates and cannot simply be replaced with a much smaller residue to restore catalytic activity. Designing beta-lactam inhibitors that interact unfavorably with this conserved residue when in the covalent adduct merits further investigation.
Detection by flow cytometry of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in a novel approach based on neutrophil extracellular traps (2018)

NET-coated microbeads may be commercially developed as a novel tool for automated ANCA screening assays using flow cytometry.