gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Spherical Regression: Learning Viewpoints, Surface Normals and 3D Rotations on N-Spheres (2019)

Many computer vision challenges require continuous outputs, but tend to be solved by discrete classification. The reason is classification's natural containment within a probability n-simplex, as defined by the popular softmax activation function. Regular regression lacks such a closed geometry, leading to unstable training and convergence to suboptimal local minima. Starting from this insight we revisit regression in convolutional neural networks. We observe many continuous output problems in computer vision are naturally contained in closed geometrical manifolds, like the Euler angles in viewpoint estimation or the normals in surface normal estimation. A natural framework for posing such continuous output problems are n-spheres, which are naturally closed geometric manifolds defined in the R^(n+1) space. By introducing a spherical exponential mapping on n-spheres at the regression output, we obtain well-behaved gradients, leading to stable training. We show how our spherical regression can be utilized for several computer vision challenges, specifically viewpoint estimation, surface normal estimation and 3D rotation estimation. For all these problems our experiments demonstrate the benefit of spherical regression. All paper resources are available at https://github.com/leoshine/Spherical_Regression.
Dynamic Optically Reconfigurable Gate Array (2006)

Optically reconfigurable gate arrays (ORGAs) can readily enable both fast reconfiguration and numerous reconfiguration contexts using an optical holographic memory and optical wide-band reconfiguration connections. Such devices present the possibility of large virtual gate-count very large scale integrations (VLSIs). However, the real gate-count of the VLSI part of the devices is too small–only 80. Moreover, the reconfiguration speed is not sufficiently fast: 16 to 20 µs. For those reasons, this paper clarifies the architecture issues and presents a new architecture of a dynamic optically reconfigurable gate array (DORGA) to improve them. In addition, a comparison is made of results obtained using the previously proposed devices and DORGAs under the same environment. Finally, this paper presents a new design of a 51,272-gate-count DORGA with the new architecture.
Generation of a widely tunable linearly chirped microwave waveform based on spectral filtering and unbalanced dispersion (2015)

We propose a method to generate a widely tunable linearly chirped microwave waveform based on spectral filtering and unbalanced dispersion. Heterodyne beating between two differently dispersed optical pulses in a photodetector produces the linearly chirped microwave waveform. Desired waveforms with flexible and independent control of the center frequency and sweep bandwidth can be obtained by simply tuning two optical filters. Simulation and experimental investigations are carried out, and the results are in good agreement. The measured microwave waveform has ∼5.2-ns pulse duration and ∼64-GHz sweep bandwidth, corresponding to a time-bandwidth product of ∼166.4 and a compression ratio of ∼248.
Just-in-time gain estimation of an RF digitally-controlled oscillator (2004)

A novel method of estimating gain of a digitally-controlled oscillator (DCO) for wireless RF applications is proposed and demonstrated. By executing the calculation algorithm just-in-time at the beginning of every packet, the DCO gain can be conveniently tracked and compensated. Precise and timely knowledge of the DCO gain makes possible various predictive operations of a frequency synthesizer such as the two-point modulation method. This enables the employment of sophisticated and fully-digital frequency synthesizers capable of compensating for analog non-idealities. The demonstrator test chip has been fabricated in a digital 0.13 /spl mu/m CMOS process. The presented ideas have been incorporated in a fully-compliant Bluetooth transceiver.
Co/Pt Disks with a Simplified Structure (1997)

Potentially low cost Co/Pt multilayer disks were fabricated using a simplified disk structure. Ultrathin seed layers of dielectrics were used to enhance the coercivity and squareness of the Kerr hysteresis loop. Both Co/Pt superlattices and the dielectrics were deposited under low vacuum. The total cycle time consisting of loading the PC substrate into the vacuum chamber, pumping the sputtering chamber to a base pressure, and deposition of the ITO seed layer and the Co/Pt multilayer was reduced to less than ten seconds. Cyclability and recording performance of the conventional media is retained.
A novel targeted immunotherapy for CTCL is on its way: Anti-KIR3DL2 mAb IPH4102 is potent and safe in non-clinical studies (2015)

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) represent a group of rarely occurring and clinically and pathologically heterogeneous diseases that are considered incurable at advanced stages. Current treatments provide limited clinical benefit and are thus largely amenable to improvement. An antibody-based CTCL-specific immunotherapy targeting the KIR3DL2 receptor expressed by the tumor cells in CTCL is currently under development and has shown encouraging results in pre-clinical studies.
Estimating building consumption breakdowns using ON/OFF state sensing and incremental sub-meter deployment (2010)

This paper considers the problem of estimating the power breakdowns for the main appliances inside a building using a small number of power meters and the knowledge of the ON/OFF states of individual appliances. First we solve the breakdown estimation problem within a tree configuration using a single power meter and the knowledge of ON/OFF states and use the solution to derive an estimation quality metric. Using this metric, we then propose an algorithm for optimally placing additional power meters to increase the estimation certainty for individual appliances to the required level. The proposed solution is evaluated using real measurements, numerical simulations and by constructing a scaled down proof-of-concept prototype using binary sensors.
A novel composite film for detection and molecular weight determination of organic vapors (2012)

A novel vapor-sensitive composite film comprising cellulose acetate and a representative compound (1-n-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) from a Group of Uniform Materials Based on Organic Salts (GUMBOS) has been developed and characterized. The vapor sensing characteristics of the film is investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) transducer. The material exhibited greatly improved performance characteristics toward a number of organic vapors. It is demonstrated that the ratio of the change in resonance frequency (Δf) to the change in motional resistance (ΔR) is a concentration-independent quantity proportional to the molecular weight of the absorbed chemical species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show a direct relationship between Δf/ΔR and the molecular weight of analytes. This unique finding should prove extremely useful for easy identification and molecular weight determination of a broad range of chemical vapors.
An instrumentation grade wall shear stress sensing system (2016)

This paper describes development of a MEMS wall shear stress sensor system to be used in wind tunnel applications. An analog synchronous modulation and demodulation interface circuit allows for both ac and dc measurement of varying capacitance, yielding real-time dynamic and mean flow information with a low noise floor. Directional information of the input flow is retained throughout the system with minimal phase delay. A sensitivity of 3.45mV/Pa at 1.128kHz and a DC stability of 0.2mV indicate minimum resolution of mean shear values of 58mPa. Physical resonance of 3.5kHz and a pressure rejection ratio of 72dB are also observed.
Data from Inhibin Is a Novel Paracrine Factor for Tumor Angiogenesis and Metastasis (2023)

<div>Abstract<p>Inhibin is a heterodimeric TGFβ family ligand that is expressed in many cancers and is a selective biomarker for ovarian cancers; however, its tumor-specific functions remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the α subunit of inhibin (INHA), which is critical for the functionality of dimeric inhibin A/B, correlates with microvessel density in human ovarian tissues and is predictive of poor clinical outcomes in multiple cancers. We demonstrate that inhibin-regulated angiogenesis is necessary for metastasis. Although inhibin had no direct impact on tumor cell signaling, both tumor cell-derived and recombinant inhibin elicit a strong paracrine response from endothelial cells by triggering SMAD1/5 activation and angiogenesis i<i>n vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Inhibin-induced angiogenesis was abrogated via anti-inhibin α antibodies. The endothelial-specific TGFβ receptor complex comprising ALK1 and endoglin was a crucial mediator of inhibin signaling, offering a molecular mechanism for inhibin-mediated angiogenesis. These results are the first to define a role for inhibin in tumor metastasis and vascularization and offer an antibody-based approach for targeting inhibin therapeutically.</p><p><b>Significance:</b> Inhibin is a predictor of poor patient survival in multiple cancers and is a potential target for antiangiogenic therapies. <i>Cancer Res; 78(11); 2978–89. ©2018 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Performance Evaluation of a Fiber-Optic Cerenkov Radiation Sensor System Using a Simulated Spent Fuel Assembly (2014)

When the charged particle travels in transparent medium with a velocity greater than that of light in the same medium, the electromagnetic field close to the particle polarizes the medium along its path, and then the electrons in the atoms follow the waveform of the pulse which is called as Cerenkov light or radiation. This type of radiation can be easily observed in a spent fuel storage pit. In optical fibers, the Cerenkov light also can be generated due to their dielectric components. Accordingly, the radiation-induced light signals can be obtained using optical fibers without any scintillating material. In this study, to measure the intensities of Cerenkov radiation induced by gamma-rays, we have fabricated the fiber-optic Cerenkov radiation sensor system using silica optical fibers, plastic optical fibers, multi-anode photomultiplier tubes, simulated spent fuel assembly and a scanning system. To characterize the Cerenkov radiation generated in optical fibers, the intensities of Cerenkov radiation generated in the silica and plastic optical fibers were measured. Also, we measured the longitudinal distribution of gamma rays emitted from the Ir-192 isotope by using the fiber-optic Cerenkov radiation sensor system and simulated spent fuel assembly.
B-Cell Epitope Mapping of the VapA Protein of <i>Rhodococcus equi</i> : Implications for Early Detection of <i>R. equi</i> Disease in Foals (2001)

Linear B-cell epitopes of the Rhodococcus equi virulence-associated protein (VapA) were mapped using a synthetic peptide bank in this study. The peptides were screened in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with a total of 70 sera from foals with current R. equi disease (51 sera), as well as from foals that had either recovered from R. equi infection 10 months previously (3 sera) or that had no known history of R. equi disease (16 sera). An epitope with the sequence NLQKDEPNGRA was identified and was universally recognized by all 51 sera from foals with R. equi disease and was not recognized by any of the other sera. There was poor reactivity between all sera and peptides relating to other areas of the VapA protein. It is proposed that an ELISA based upon a defined peptide epitope may be used in an improved serological diagnostic test for R. equi infection in foals.
Automatic multiview synthesis — Towards a mobile system on a chip (2015)

Over the last couple of years, multiview autostereoscopic displays (MADs) have become commercially available which enable a limited glasses-free 3D experience. The main problem of MADs is that they require several (typically 8 or 9) views, while most of the 3D video content is in stereoscopic 3D (S3D) today. In order to bridge this gap, the research community started to devise automatic multiview synthesis (MVS) methods. These algorithms require real-time processing and should be portable to end-user devices to develop their full potential. In this paper, we present a complete hardware system for fully automatic MVS. We give an overview of the algorithmic flow and corresponding hardware architecture, and provide implementation results of a hybrid FPGA/ASIC prototype - which is the first complete hardware system implementing image-domain-warping-based MVS. The proposed hardware IP could be used as a co-processor in a system-on-chip (SoC) targeting 3D TV sets, thereby enabling efficient content generation in real-time.
Accommodating fragmentation in deterministic packet marking for IP traceback (2004)

A modification to the basic deterministic packet marking (DPM), a promising IP traceback scheme, to handle fragmented traffic is proposed. The modification introduces no additional bandwidth overhead, but limited additional memory requirements and processing overhead on the DPM-enabled interface.
Optimized Resource Allocation for Software Release Planning (2008)

Release planning for incremental software development assigns features to releases such that technical, resource, risk and budget constraints are met. Planning of software releases and allocation of resources cannot be handled in isolation. A feature can be offered as part of a release only if all its necessary tasks are done before the given release date. We assume a given pool of human resources with different degrees of productivity to perform different types of tasks. To address the inherent difficulty of this process, we propose a two-phased optimization approach that combines the strength of two existing solution methods. The industrial applicability of the approach is primarily directed towards mature organizations having systematic development and measurement processes in place. The expected practical benefit of the planning method is to provide release plan solutions that achieve a better overall business value (e.g., expressed by the degree of stakeholder satisfaction) by better allocation of resources. Without ignoring the importance of the human expert in this process, the contributions of the paper are seen in making the overall process more objective and the resulting decisions more transparent.
Efficacy of memristive crossbars for neuromorphic processors (2014)

This paper describes memristor-based neuromorphic circuits for non-linear separable pattern recognition. We initially describe a memristor based neuron circuit and then show how multilayer neural networks can be constructed using this neuron circuit. These neuromorphic circuits are capable of learning both linearly and non-linearly separable logic functions. This paper presents the first study of applying neural network learning algorithms to these circuits in SPICE. Our simulations capture alternate current paths within the memristor crossbars and wire resistances that are essential to properly model in crossbar circuits. Our results show that neural network learning algorithms are able to train around these alternate current paths. Further, it was shown that neural networks can properly train the passive memristor-based crossbars without having to use virtual ground mode operational amplifiers as suggested in previous work. Our circuit requires in-situ training, but reduces the number of transistors required by the circuit by about 3 times and reduced the circuit power consumption almost 2 orders of magnitude compared to a virtual ground approach. The key impact of this study is the demonstration through low level circuit simulations that dense memristor crossbars can be effectively utilized to build neuromorphic processors.
A Novel Optoelectronic Ferrule for Cost-effective Optical Interconnection Modules (2006)

We developed an optoelectronic ferrule using hoop injection molding. By mounting a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) (or photo diode (PD)) directly on the end-face of the ferrule, an extremely simple and cost-effective optical interconnection module can be created.
Enhanced separation of DNA restriction fragments by capillary gel electrophoresis using field strength gradients (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnhanced separation of DNA restriction fragments by capillary gel electrophoresis using field strength gradientsAndras. Guttman, Bart. Wanders, and Nelson. CookeCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 20, 2348–2351Publication Date (Print):October 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac00044a009https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00044a009research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views145Altmetric-Citations53LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Validation of a Large Area Three‐Dimensional Erosion Simulator for Chemical Mechanical Polishing (1999)

Validation procedures and results are presented for a model that simulates the erosion of large area three‐dimensional patterns on semiconductor wafers during the chemical mechanical polishing process. The model, which is based on a pseudo‐physical simulation of the contact and stress transfer between the pad and wafer, is reviewed. The validation results demonstrate that the model predicts the eroding topography to within experimental measurement error, implying that it faithfully captures the essential physical mechanisms at work on the feature‐to‐pattern scale during polishing. © 1999 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
Large-field-of-view, modular, stabilized, adaptive-optics-based scanning laser ophthalmoscope (2007)

We describe the design and performance of an adaptive optics retinal imager that is optimized for use during dynamic correction for eye movements. The system incorporates a retinal tracker and stabilizer, a wide-field line scan scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO), and a high-resolution microelectromechanical-systems-based adaptive optics SLO. The detection system incorporates selection and positioning of confocal apertures, allowing measurement of images arising from different portions of the double pass retinal point-spread function (psf). System performance was excellent. The adaptive optics increased the brightness and contrast for small confocal apertures by more than 2x and decreased the brightness of images obtained with displaced apertures, confirming the ability of the adaptive optics system to improve the psf. The retinal image was stabilized to within 18 microm 90% of the time. Stabilization was sufficient for cross-correlation techniques to automatically align the images.
Ti(N) thin film resistors for 20dB Π-type attenuator applications (2007)

The authors report the effect of the film thickness on electrical properties of Ti(N) film resistors. The applications of titanium nitride thin film resistor in Π-type attenuators are also characterized. As film thickness decreases from 100to30nm, the temperature coefficient of resistance significantly decreases from −60to−148ppm∕K, while the sheet resistance increases from 37to270Ω∕◻. The characterizations of 20dB attenuators using thin film resistors are improved in comparison with those using thick film resistors. The Π-type attenuators using Ti(N) thin film resistors exhibit an attenuation of −19.94dB and voltage standing wave ratio of 1.16 at a frequency of 2.7GHz.
A human, compact, fully functional anti-ErbB2 antibody as a novel antitumour agent (2004)

A new human, compact antibody was engineered by fusion of a human, antitumour ErbB2-directed scFv with a human IgG1 Fc domain. Overexpression of the ErbB2 receptor is related to tumour aggressiveness and poor prognosis. This new immunoagent meets all criteria for a potential anticancer drug: it is human, hence poorly or not immunogenic; it binds selectively and with high affinity to target cells, on which it exerts an effective and selective antiproliferative action, including both antibody-dependent and complement-dependent cytotoxicity; it effectively inhibits tumour growth in vivo. Its compact molecular size should provide for an efficient tissue penetration, yet suitable to a prolonged serum half-life.
IL-22+CD4+ T cells promote colorectal cancer stemness via STAT3 transcription factor activation and induction of the methyltransferase DOT1L (TUM10P.1022) (2015)

Abstract Little is known about how the immune system impacts human colorectal cancer invasiveness and stemness. Here we detected interleukin-22 (IL-22) in patient colorectal cancer tissues that was produced predominantly by CD4+ T cells. In a mouse model, migration of these cells into the colon cancer microenvironment required the chemokine receptor CCR6 and its ligand CCL20. IL-22 acted on cancer cells to promote activation of the transcription factor STAT3 and expression of the histone 3 lysine 79 (H3K79) methytransferase DOT1L. The DOT1L complex induced the core stem cell genes NANOG, SOX2, and Pou5F1, resulting in increased cancer stemness and tumorigenic potential. Furthermore, high DOT1L expression and H3K79me2 in colorectal cancer tissues was a predictor of poor patient survival. Thus, IL-22+ cells promote colon cancer stemness via regulation of stemness genes that negatively affects patient outcome. Efforts to target this network might be a strategy in treating colorectal cancer patients.
Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Studies of Hydrolytic Degradation Kinetics at the Surface of Poly(glycolic acid) (2000)

This paper presents a new approach for studying the hydrolytic degradation kinetics of biodegradable polymers using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF SIMS). In this study, in vitro hydrolytic degradation of polyglycolic acid (PGA) has been carried out at 37 °C in aqueous saline buffer solutions of different pH values. The molecular weight distribution of hydrolysis products was obtained from the ToF SIMS spectra. The average molecular weight of the hydrolysis products calculated from the ToF SIMS spectra is a function of hydrolysis time. Hydrolysis kinetics equations for PGA based on solid/liquid heterogeneous reaction conditions are established. A good linear relationship was obtained using this kinetics equation. The reaction rates observed in this study generally agree with observations reported in the literature. Kinetics constants for the hydrolytic degradation of PGA at different pH values have been obtained. This new approach demonstrates that ToF SIMS can be a powerful and fast technique in the study of degradation kinetics of biodegradable polymers. Using ToF SIMS, the hydrolysis kinetics of biodegradable polymers can be explored in the range of hours with in-vitro methods.