gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An a priori approach to the evaluation of signature analysis efficiency (1991)

The authors present an evaluation of signature analysis efficiency which does not rely on assumptions about the distribution of the analyzed error sequences. This is achieved through the use of an 'a priori randomization' technique, which leads to a choice of LFSRs (linear feedback shift registers) corresponding to randomly chosen irreducible polynomials of a given degree. As it does not make use of assumptions on the error distribution, the proposed evaluation is more pessimistic than the usual ones. In particular, it takes into account the length of the analyzed sequence. However, it can be valuable when the efficiency of signature analysis has to be guaranteed, for highly dependable applications for instance.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Upgrading 802.11 deployments: A Critical Examination of Performance (2015)

The increases demand for communications and Internet access makes Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) one of the most popular solutions for network connectivity. In this paper, we examine the performance and the energy efficiency of WLANs in 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz and discuss paths for upgrading. Our results show that it is worth upgrading to the 5 GHz bands from the 2.4 GHz band for 802.11n, especially for applications that are sensitive to packet loss. We also show that it is little benefit in upgrading from 802.11n 5 GHz to its successor 802.11acin terms of performance and energy efficiency. We consider overall performance as well as the energy efficiency of 802.11n2.4 GHz, 802.11n 5 GHz and 802.11ac protocols, all with 40MHzchannels, to give a typical 802.11 office scenario. It is clear that802.11ac can achieve slightly higher throughput compared to802.11n for flows of large packets. However, the comparatively small benefits of 802.11ac may not justify the cost of buying and deploying new equipment for the upgrade.
Elastomers based on polyesters produced by the bacterium Pseudomonas oleovorans/ (2021)

Both my research groups have been a constant source of stimulating ideas and knowledge.I cannot possibly name all the people who have made graduate school such a rewarding experience for me.
Joint wireless communication and radar sensing systems – state of the art and future prospects (2013)

The historical development and current state‐of‐the‐art of various joint wireless communication and radar sensing systems are reviewed and discussed in this study. Different kinds of systems are categorised according to their modulation waveforms and duplex schemes. Pros and cons of each category are highlighted. To showcase the current research advances, several demonstration systems are introduced with emphasis on proposed research contributions in this emerging area, and their performances are compared with respect to both communication and radar modes. Also, a number of challenges are identified for the near future system developments and applications.
Extracellular Vesicles isolated from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Modulate CD4+ T Lymphocytes Toward a Regulatory Profile (2020)

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can generate immunological tolerance due to their regulatory activity in many immune cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) release is a pivotal mechanism by which MSCs exert their actions. In this study, we evaluate whether mesenchymal stromal cell extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) can modulate T cell response. MSCs were expanded and EVs were obtained by differential ultracentrifugation of the supernatant. The incorporation of MSC-EVs by T cells was detected by confocal microscopy. Expression of surface markers was detected by flow cytometry or CytoFLEX and cytokines were detected by RT-PCR, FACS and confocal microscopy and a miRNA PCR array was performed. We demonstrated that MSC-EVs were incorporated by lymphocytes in vitro and decreased T cell proliferation and Th1 differentiation. Interestingly, in Th1 polarization, MSC-EVs increased Foxp3 expression and generated a subpopulation of IFN-γ<sup>+</sup>/Foxp3<sup>+</sup>T cells with suppressive capacity. A differential expression profile of miRNAs in MSC-EVs-treated Th1 cells was seen, and also a modulation of one of their target genes, <i>TGFbR2</i>. MSC-EVs altered the metabolism of Th1-differentiated T cells, suggesting the involvement of the TGF-β pathway in this metabolic modulation. The addition of MSC-EVs in vivo, in an OVA immunization model, generated cells Foxp3<sup>+</sup>. Thus, our findings suggest that MSC-EVs are able to specifically modulate activated T cells at an alternative regulatory profile by miRNAs and metabolism shifting.
A Portable Vision-Based Real-Time Lane Departure Warning System: Day and Night (2008)

Lane departure warning systems (LDWS) are an important element in improving driving safety. In this paper, we propose an embedded advanced RISC machines (ARM)-based real-time LDWS. As for software development, an improved lane detection algorithm based on peak finding for feature extraction is used to successfully detect lane boundaries. Then, a spatiotemporal mechanism using the detected lane boundaries is designed to generate appropriate warning signals. As for hardware implementation, a 1-D Gaussian smoother and a global edge detector are adopted to reduce noise effects in the images. By using the developed data transfer channel (DTC) in the reconfigurable field-programmable gate array (FPGA) module, the data transfer rate among the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imager module, liquid-crystal display (LCD) display module, and central processing unit (CPU) bus is about 25 frame/s for an image size of 256 times 256. In addition, the proposed departure warning algorithm based on spatial and temporal mechanisms is successfully executed on the presented ARM-based platform. The effectiveness of our system concludes that the lane detection rate is 99.57% during the day and 98.88% at night in a highway environment. The proposed departure mechanisms effectively generate effective warning signals and avoid most false warnings.
Cosmic Rays and Particle Physics (2016)

Fully updated for the second edition, this book introduces the growing and dynamic field of particle astrophysics. It provides an overview of high-energy nuclei, photons and neutrinos, including their origins, their propagation in the cosmos, their detection on Earth and their relation to each other. Coverage is expanded to include new content on high energy physics, the propagation of protons and nuclei in cosmic background radiation, neutrino astronomy, high-energy and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, sources and acceleration mechanisms, and atmospheric muons and neutrinos. Readers are able to master the fundamentals of particle astrophysics within the context of the most recent developments in the field. This book will benefit graduate students and established researchers alike, equipping them with the knowledge and tools needed to design and interpret their own experiments and, ultimately, to address a number of questions concerning the nature and origins of cosmic particles that have arisen in recent research.
Matching domain-wall configuration and spin-orbit torques for efficient domain-wall motion (2013)

In our numerical study, we identify the best conditions for efficient domain-wall motion by spin-orbit torques originating from the spin Hall effect or Rashba effect. We demonstrate that the effect depends critically on the domain-wall configuration, the current injection scheme, and the symmetry of the spin-orbit torque. The best identified configuration corresponds to a N\'eel wall driven by the spin Hall effect in a narrow strip with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. In this case, the domain-wall velocity can be a factor of 10 larger than that for the conventional current-in-plane spin-transfer torque.
Automatic Safe Data Reuse Detection for the WCET Analysis of Systems With Data Caches (2020)

Worst-case execution time (WCET) analysis of systems with data caches is one of the key challenges in real-time systems. Caches exploit the inherent reuse properties of programs, temporarily storing certain memory contents near the processor, in order that further accesses to such contents do not require costly memory transfers. Current worst-case data cache analysis methods focus on specific cache organizations (LRU, locked, ACDC, etc.). In this article, we analyze data reuse (in the worst case) as a property of the program, and thus independent of the data cache. Our analysis method uses Abstract Interpretation on the compiled program to extract, for each static load/store instruction, a linear expression for the address pattern of its data accesses, according to the Loop Nest Data Reuse Theory. Each data access expression is compared to that of prior (dominant) memory instructions to verify whether it presents a guaranteed reuse. Our proposal manages references to scalars, arrays, and non-linear accesses, provides both temporal and spatial reuse information, and does not require the exploration of explicit data access sequences. As a proof of concept we analyze the TACLeBench benchmark suite, showing that most loads/stores present data reuse, and how compiler optimizations affect it. Using a simple hit/miss estimation on our reuse results, the time devoted to data accesses in the worst case is reduced to 27% compared to an always-miss system, equivalent to a data hit ratio of 81%. With compiler optimization, such time is reduced to 6.5%.
Paradoxical embolism. An old but, paradoxically, under-estimated problem. (2001)

The theoretical model of paradoxical embolism requires the presence of four parameters, namely, arterial embolism, venous thrombus, abnormal intracardiac communication and right-to-left shunt. Many aspects, however, of this well known entity are under consideration; diagnosis is often difficult to be established and the long term efficacy of preventive measures is undefined. We comment on a case report of recurrent paradoxical embolism with popliteal vein thrombosis and patent foramen ovale, and we briefly review the literature.
<i>Review:</i> Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1): A Novel Transcription Factor in Immune Reactions (2005)

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a dimeric transcriptional complex that has been recognized primarily for its role in the maintenance of oxygen and energy homoeostasis. The HIF-1alpha subunit is O(2) labile and is degraded by the proteasome following prolyl-hydroxylation and ubiquitination in normoxic cells. The present review summarizes evidence that HIF-1 is also involved in immune reactions. Immunomodulatory peptides, including interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), stimulate HIF-1 dependent gene expression even in normoxic cells. Both the hypoxic and the cytokine-induced activation of HIF-1 involve the phosphatidylinositol- 3-kinase (PI3K) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. In addition, heat shock proteins (HSP) and other cofactors interact with HIF-1 subunits. HIF-1 increases the transcription of several genes for proteins that promote blood flow and inflammation, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), heme oxygenase-1, endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The pharmacologic activation of the HIF-1 complex can be desirable in ischemic and inflammatory disorders. In contrast, HIF-1 blockade may be beneficial to prevent tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth.
BYBLOS speech recognition benchmark results (1991)

This paper presents speech recognition test results from the BBN BYBLOS system on the Feb 91 DARPA benchmarks in both the Resource Management (RM) and the Air Travel Information System (ATIS) domains. In the RM test, we report on speaker-independent (SI) recognition performance for the standard training condition using 109 speakers and for our recently proposed SI model made from only 12 training speakers. Surprisingly, the 12-speaker model performs as well as the one made from 109 speakers. Also within the RM domain, we demonstrate that state-of-the-art SI models perform poorly for speakers with strong dialects. But we show that this degradation can be overcome by using speaker adaptation from multiple-reference speakers. For the ATIS benchmarks, we ran a new system configuration which first produced a rank-ordered list of the N-best word-sequence hypotheses. The list of hypotheses was then reordered using more detailed acoustic and language models. In the ATIS benchmarks, we report SI recognition results on two conditions. The first is a baseline condition using only training data available from NIST on CD-ROM and a word-based statistical bi-gram grammar developed at MIT/Lincoln. In the second condition, we added training data from speakers collected at BBN and used a 4-gram class grammar. These changes reduced the word error rate by 25%.
Capacitor Voltage Balancing and an Intelligent Commutation Technique in a New Modular Multilevel Converter based HVDC System (2014)

Modular multilevel converters have become widely used in HVDC applications due to easy scalability and near sinusoidal output voltage synthesis. It is made up of an array of submodules comprising of semiconductor switches and floating capacitors. An important challenge in these multilevel topologies is voltage balancing of the floating capacitors. A voltage balancing technique has been proposed for a modular converter with 3-level submodules. This new converter submodule topology results in added benefits over conventional existing half-bridge submodule topologies. An intelligent commutation technique is proposed which results in 2/3rd of the switching transitions to be soft switched. The proposed control is validated by simulations in MATLAB/Simulink.
CMOS in camera (1994)

The author explains how a device small enough to fit inside a car's rear-view mirror can be programmed to see. The device is a CMOS based image sensor developed by VLSI Vision Ltd., Edinburgh. The sensor overcomes the previous problem of placing all pixel outputs through a single charge amplifier by using a separate charge-sense amplifier at the head of each column of pixels. The author describes how the sensor operates. The incorporation of this sensor into a programmable machine-vision system called the imputer is discussed.
Waste Recycling in Thermoelectric Materials (2020)

Abstract Thermoelectric (TE) technology enables the efficient conversion of waste heat generated in homes, transport, and industry into promptly accessible electrical energy. Such technology is thus finding increasing applications given the focus on alternative sources of energy. However, the synthesis of TE materials relies on costly and scarce elements, which are also environmentally damaging to extract. Moreover, spent TE modules lead to a waste of resources and cause severe pollution. To address these issues, many laboratory studies have explored the synthesis of TE materials using wastes and the recovery of scarce elements from spent modules, e.g., utilization of Si slurry as starting materials, development of biodegradable TE papers, and bacterial recovery and recycling of tellurium from spent TE modules. Yet, the outcomes of such work have not triggered sustainable industrial practices to the extent needed. This paper provides a systematic overview of the state of the art with a view to uncovering the opportunities and challenges for expanded application. Based on this overview, it explores a framework for synthesizing TE materials from waste sources with efficiencies comparable to those made from raw materials.
Development of an Accelerator-Based Epithermal Neutron Source for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (2019)

The paper presents a review of the current state of development of accelerator-based epithermal neutron sources for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), a promising method for the treatment of malignant tumors. Special attention is paid to an epithermal neutron source based on a new type of accelerator of charged particles: a tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation and a lithium neutron-producing target.
The <i>MUR3</i> Gene of Arabidopsis Encodes a Xyloglucan Galactosyltransferase That Is Evolutionarily Related to Animal Exostosins (2003)

Xyloglucans are the principal glycans that interlace cellulose microfibrils in most flowering plants. The mur3 mutant of Arabidopsis contains a severely altered structure of this polysaccharide because of the absence of a conserved alpha-L-fucosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-galactosyl side chain and excessive galactosylation at an alternative xylose residue. Despite this severe structural alteration, mur3 plants were phenotypically normal and exhibited tensile strength in their inflorescence stems comparable to that of wild-type plants. The MUR3 gene was cloned positionally and shown to encode a xyloglucan galactosyltransferase that acts specifically on the third xylose residue within the XXXG core structure of xyloglucan. MUR3 belongs to a large family of type-II membrane proteins that is evolutionarily conserved among higher plants. The enzyme shows sequence similarities to the glucuronosyltransferase domain of exostosins, a class of animal glycosyltransferases that catalyze the synthesis of heparan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with numerous roles in cell differentiation and development. This finding suggests that components of the plant cell wall and of the animal extracellular matrix are synthesized by evolutionarily related enzymes even though the structures of the corresponding polysaccharides are entirely different from each other.
β‐Methylthio‐aspartic acid: Identification of a novel posttranslational modification in ribosomal protein S12 from escherichia coli (1996)

Utilizing microscale chemical derivatization reactions and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we have identified a novel posttranslational modification of aspartic acid, beta-methylthio-aspartic acid. The modified residue is located at position 88 in ribosomal protein S12 from Escherichia coli, a phylogenetically conserved protein that has been implicated in maintaining translational accuracy of the ribosome.
Plasma Deposition of Amorphous Silicon (1982)

Strongly adhering films of silicon are deposited directly on such materials as Pyrex and Vycor (or equivalent materials) and aluminum by a non-equilibrium plasma jet. Amorphous silicon films are formed by decomposition of silicon tetrachloride or trichlorosilane in the plasma. Plasma-jet technique can also be used to deposit an adherent silicon film on aluminum from silane and to dope such films with phosphorus. Ability to deposit silicon films on such readily available, inexpensive substrates could eventually lead to lower cost photovoltaic cells.
C#을 이용한 구름베어링 수명 및 안전율 계산 프로그램 제작 (2019)

베어링은 회전하는 기계의 축을 일정한 위치에 고정시키고 축의 자중과 축에 받는 하중을 지지하며 축을 회전시키는 역할을 하는 기계요소이다. 베어링은 여러 종류가 있으며 용도에 맞게 사용되어야 한다. 기어박스 설계 시 기어박스의 무게 및 비용을 줄이기 위하여 베어링 최적 설계는 중요하다. 본 연구는 기어박스의 베어링 최적 설계를 위한 전단계로 베어링 선정 및 강도 평가를 위한 프로그램을 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. 프로그램을 개발하기 위하여 Microsoft Visual Studio의 C#이 활용되었다. 본 프로그램은 필요에 따라 구름 베어링 제조사에서 제공하는 데이터 값과 ISO76, ISO281에서 제시하는 계산식을 이용하여 구름 베어링의 피로 수명 및 정격 안전율을 계산하였다. 계산한 결과 값은 신뢰성 확보를 위해 대표적인 기어 트레인해석 소프트웨어 프로그램인 KISSsoft 와 RomaxDESIGNER를 사용하여 결과 값을 검증하였다. 프로그램제작에 사용된 종류별 구름베어링의 값을 최소 2번 이상 각각 다른 무작위 값을 넣어 검증을 실시하였다. 상용 소프트웨어와 개발한 프로그램 결과 값을 비교한 결과 일치하였다. 프로그램을 활용하여 사용자는 사용자의 선택에 따른 구름 베어링의 피로 수명 및 정격 안전율을 알 수 있다. 개발된 프로그램을 활용하여 베어링 선정 및 강도 평가를 하여 기어박스 최적 설계에 활용할 수 있을 것이다.
Neurogenic plasma extravasation: inhibition by morphine in guinea pig airways in vivo (1989)

Opioid drugs have been shown to inhibit neurogenic plasma exudation in skin by a presynaptic mechanism. We determined whether a similar inhibitory effect operates in the airways of anesthetized guinea pigs in vivo with the use of Evans blue dye as a marker of plasma leakage. Stimulation of the vagus nerve significantly increased leakage of dye in trachea and main bronchi (by approximately 300 and 600%, respectively). Similar increases in leakage were seen in the presence of atropine and propranolol. Morphine (1-30 mg/kg iv) inhibited leakage in a dose-related manner with complete inhibition in the trachea at a dose of 30 mg/kg. The inhibition was blocked by the opioid receptor-antagonist naloxone (1 mg/kg iv). Intravenous substance P significantly increased leakage but was not inhibited by morphine. We conclude that morphine inhibits neurogenic plasma leakage by presynaptic inhibition of release of neuropeptides from sensory nerve endings. If similar mechanisms are operative in human airways, inhibition of neurogenic plasma leakage by opioid drugs devoid of central effects may be of value in the therapy of asthma.
Transparent macroemulsions for cosmetic applications (1986)

Synopsis This study proposes a method for preparation of transparent emulsions for cosmetic applications. The continuous phase in oil-in-water emulsions consisted of both water and several polyols in order to equalize the refractive indices of the two phases. Sorbitol, glycerol and mannitol were the main polyols used in the adequate concentration and isopropyl myristate was the oil phase. Stabilities of a few days in 60 degrees C incubation and a few months on the shelf were obtained. Combinations of triethanolamine oleate together with sorbitan esters and ethoxylated sorbitan esters were found to improve the emulsion stability. The optimal water concentration was checked by spectrophotometer measurements at 660 nm in order to achieve best transparency. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that relatively stable transparent macroemulsions can be prepared by equalizing the refractive indices of the two phases composing the emulsion.
Fibromyalgia treatment update (2007)

Recent studies support the recommendation of a multimodal approach to treatment involving individualized, evidence-based pharmacotherapy and self-management. Treatment goals should include the improvement of symptoms, primarily pain and sleep, and the promotion of positive health behaviors with the aim of improving physical function and emotional well-being.
The Fatigue Life of Coiled Tubing (1994)

ABSTRACT A model of coiled tubing fatigue is presented. Failures at high internal pressure are predicted when the net cumulative axial plastic strain reaches a critical failure strain that can be approximated as the local fracture strain measured in a uniaxial tensile test. Failures at low internal pressure can be predicted using standard low-cycle fatigue approaches. Fatigue-life predictions using the new model are in close agreement with results of full-scale tests of 70 ksi yield, 1-¼-inch OD, 0.087-inch wall thickness steel coiled tubing manufactured by the conventional resistance weld and anneal process. Plots are developed that relate fatigue life to hoop stress and axial strain amplitude. Based on these curves a methodology is proposed that can be used together with full scale data as a guide for selecting drilling conditions to optimize tubing fatigue life.