gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Correlated electronic states at domain walls of a Mott-charge-density-wave insulator 1T-TaS2 (2017)

Domain walls in interacting electronic systems can have distinct localized states, which often govern physical properties and may lead to unprecedented functionalities and novel devices. However, electronic states within domain walls themselves have not been clearly identified and understood for strongly correlated electron systems. Here, we resolve the electronic states localized on domain walls in a Mott-charge-density-wave insulator 1T-TaS<sub>2</sub> using scanning tunneling spectroscopy. We establish that the domain wall state decomposes into two nonconducting states located at the center of domain walls and edges of domains. Theoretical calculations reveal their atomistic origin as the local reconstruction of domain walls under the strong influence of electron correlation. Our results introduce a concept for the domain wall electronic property, the walls own internal degrees of freedom, which is potentially related to the controllability of domain wall electronic properties.The electronic states within domain walls in an interacting electronic system remain elusive. Here, Cho et al. report that the domain wall state in a charge-density-wave insulator 1T-TaS<sub>2</sub> decomposes into two localized but nonconducting states at the center or edges of domain walls.
High density recording by superresolution in an optical disk memory system (1990)

High density optical disk recording using an optical superresolution technique is proposed. By setting a shading band in the center of the collimating beam, the focused spot size on the recording medium is reduced to 80% compared with that of a conventional optical recording. The readout signal degradation affected by the focused spot sidelobe on the recording medium is suppressed by spatially extracting the main lobe region from the reflected back beam using a slit on a reimaged plane. The linear recording density has been improved to 1.2 times as high as that for a conventional optical recording using a normal resolution optical head.
Biotinylation reagents for the study of cell surface proteins (2008)

The extraordinarily stable, non-covalent interaction between avidin and biotin is one of the most commonly exploited tools in chemistry and biology. Methods for derivatization with biotin of a variety of molecules (in particular, proteins) have been introduced, in order to allow their efficient recovery, immobilization and detection with avidin-based reagents. The field has evolved very rapidly and the applications have become more and more sophisticated. Cell surface protein studies have enormously benefited from refinements of this technology. It is now possible to specifically biotinylate one single membrane protein or to fish out a membrane receptor bound to its ligand. The release of biotinylated molecules from the avidin-based reagents, however, may still represent a major problem, due to the stability of the complex. This review will examine the biotin-avidin technology for the study of cell surface proteins, discussing reagents and techniques as well as examples of applications in quantitative proteomics.
A compact dual-band bandpass SIW filter (2012)

A novel method for the design of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) dual-band bandpass filter is presented in this paper. Dual-band response is achieved by TE101 mode and diagonal TE201 (TE102) mode. The resonant frequency of TE101 mode can be adjusted by the location of perturbation vias while the resonant frequency of diagonal TE201 (TE102) mode keeps unchanged. A design example with second-order filter response is given and verified by experiments. The vertically stacked SIW resonators are used here to save the size.
On the use of multispectral conjunctival vasculature as a soft biometric (2011)

Ocular biometrics has made significant progress over the past decade primarily due to advances in iris recognition. Initial research in the field of iris recognition focused on the acquisition and processing of frontal irides which may require considerable subject cooperation. However, when the iris is off-angle with respect to the acquisition device, the sclera (the white part of the eye) is exposed. The sclera is covered by a thin transparent layer called conjunctiva. Both the episclera and conjunctiva contain blood vessels that are observable from the outside. In this work, these blood vessels are referred to as conjunctival vasculature. Iris patterns are better observed in the near infrared spectrum while conjunctival vasculature is better seen in the visible spectrum. Therefore, multispectral (i.e., color-infrared) images of the eye are acquired to allow for the combination of the iris biometric with the conjunctival vasculature. The paper focuses on conjunctival vasculature enhancement, registration and matching. Initial results are promising and suggest the need for further investigation of this biometric in a bimodal configuration with iris.
Chemokine <scp>C</scp>‐<scp>C</scp> motif receptor 5 and <scp>C</scp>‐<scp>C</scp> motif ligand 5 promote cancer cell migration under hypoxia (2012)

The chemokine CC motif receptor 5 (CCR5) and its ligands have been reported to be associated with cancer progression and metastasis. Although recent researches have demonstrated a fundamental role of hypoxia in cancer, the effect of hypoxia on the expression and function of CCR5 and its ligands in cancer cells is unknown. Here, we investigated the status of CCR5 and its ligands in cancer cells under hypoxic conditions. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunofluorescence staining showed that hypoxia induced a strong increase of CCR5 expression. Dual luciferase assay and mRNA stability analysis indicated that hypoxia-induced CCR5 mRNA expression relied on both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. We detected the expression of CCR5 ligands and found that chemokine CC motif ligand 5 (CCL5) was induced under hypoxia. Recombinant human CCL5 stimulated cell migration rather than cell proliferation under hypoxia, and neutralization of CCL5 inhibited hypoxia-induced migration of cancer cells. Similarly, overexpression of CCR5 increased cell migration, and knockdown of CCR5 attenuated hypoxia-mediated cell migration. We further showed that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) was involved in CCR5 and CCL5 regulation under hypoxia. HIF-1α mRNA levels were highly correlated with CCR5 mRNA and CCL5 mRNA levels in clinical samples. CCR5 and CCL5 were highly expressed in breast cancer lymph nodes metastases. Taken together, our data suggest that CCR5-CCL5 interaction promotes cancer cell migration under hypoxia.
Feedforward Inhibitory Control of Sensory Information in Higher-Order Thalamic Nuclei (2005)

Sensory stimuli evoke strong responses in thalamic relay cells, which ensure a faithful relay of information to the neocortex. However, relay cells of the posterior thalamic nuclear group in rodents, despite receiving significant trigeminal input, respond poorly to vibrissa deflection. Here we show that sensory transmission in this nucleus is impeded by fast feedforward inhibition mediated by GABAergic neurons of the zona incerta. Intracellular recordings of posterior group neurons revealed that the first synaptic event after whisker deflection is a prominent inhibition. Whisker-evoked EPSPs with fast rise time and longer onset latency are unveiled only after lesioning the zona incerta. Excitation survives barrel cortex lesion, demonstrating its peripheral origin. Electron microscopic data confirm that trigeminal axons make large synaptic terminals on the proximal dendrites of posterior group cells and on the somata of incertal neurons. Thus, the connectivity of the system allows an unusual situation in which inhibition precedes ascending excitation resulting in efficient shunting of the responses. The dominance of inhibition over excitation strongly suggests that the paralemniscal pathway is not designed to relay inputs triggered by passive whisker deflection. Instead, we propose that this pathway operates through disinhibition, and that the posterior group forwards to the cerebral cortex sensory information that is contingent on motor instructions.
A multilevel inverter topology for inductively-coupled power transfer (2004)

This paper describes a multilevel inverter for delivering power to a set of frequency selectable induction heating targets for stimulating temperature sensitive polymer actuators. The proposed inverter topology overcomes the capacitor voltage balancing issue common to traditional multilevel inverters. This inverter is suitable for sustained real power transfer.
Global positioning system-based vehicle control for automated parking (2006)

This paper addresses control system design for parking of an automated vehicle. The challenge in the control design task for parking arises from the fact that the vehicle constitutes an underactuated non-holonomic system. There are three generalized coordinates to be controlled but only two constrained control inputs. A control system designed to track a two-piece trajectory is developed with only some of the degrees of freedom being controlled in each piece of the trajectory. Constraints on the available parking space, the lateral distance available, and steering limits are taken into consideration in the trajectory design. The trajectory design and control system ensure that the vehicle can reach any desired final point with any desired final orientation. A major portion of the paper concentrates on experimental implementation of the control system. The experimental demonstration is carried out on a truck using a differential global positioning system (GPS) to sense the position of the vehicle. Experimental results show that the truck is able to maintain a spacing accuracy better than 40 cm in tracking the desired trajectory while being driven backwards.
Prognostic DNA Methylation Biomarkers in Ovarian Cancer (2006)

In this report, we show that highly prognostic DNA methylation biomarkers can be successfully identified and characterized, using previously unused, rigorous classifying algorithms. Such ovarian cancer biomarkers represent a promising approach for the assessment and management of this devastating disease.
Identification of the Substrate Binding Sites within the Yeast Mitochondrial Citrate Transport Protein (2007)

The objective of the present investigation was to identify the substrate binding site(s) within the yeast mitochondrial citrate transport protein (CTP). Our strategy involved kinetically characterizing 30 single-Cys CTP mutants that we had previously constructed based on their hypothesized importance in the structure-based mechanism of this carrier. As part of these studies, a modified transport assay was developed that permitted, for the first time, the accurate determination of K(m) values that were elevated >100-fold compared with the Cys-less control value. We identified 10 single-Cys CTP mutants that displayed sharply elevated K(m) values (i.e. 5 to >300-fold). Each of these mutants displayed V(max) values that were reduced by > or = 98% and resultant catalytic efficiencies that were reduced by > or = 99.9%. Importantly, superposition of this functional data onto the three-dimensional homology-modeled CTP structure, which we previously had developed, revealed that nine of these ten residues form two topographically distinct clusters. Additional modeling showed that: (i) each cluster is capable of forming numerous hydrogen bonds with citrate and (ii) the two clusters are sufficiently distant from one another such that citrate is unlikely to interact with all of these residues at the same time. We deduced from these findings that the CTP contains at least two citrate binding sites per monomer, which are located at increasing depths within the translocation pathway. The identification of these sites, combined with an initial assessment of the citrate-amino acid side-chain interactions that may occur at these sites, substantially extends our understanding of CTP functioning at the molecular level.
Design and performance evaluation of 1-by-64 multimode interference power splitter for optical communications (1995)

A 1-by-64 multimode interference power splitter in SiO/sub 2/ has been designed for use in fiber-optics communication systems. The splitter exhibits a minimum loss of 0.5 db and a uniformity of 1.7 dB at a wavelength of 1.55 /spl mu/m. The polarization sensitivity is below 0.14 dB, the reflection level below -55 dB, and the optical bandwidth 30 nm. The fabrication tolerances are /spl plusmn/0.1 mm on the length and /spl plusmn/3.5 /spl mu/m on the width of the multimode section of the splitter. In comparison with a branching-type splitter it is found that the designed device is approximately 30% shorter than the branching-type device for comparable losses.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Great Designation: An Editorial Essay on The Necessity of Scholar-Practitioners (2022)

In this editorial essay, the author explores literature on scholarship in practice for student affairs from 2001 to 2022. Her review reveals previously held assumptions that there are low levels of engagement in scholarships by practitioners may be misguided. She highlights literature that reveals the potential cost that practitioners might encounter in engaging scholarship that may lead them away from being scholar-practitioners or potentially push them out of the field altogether. She concludes with suggestions for improving conditions to foster practitioners' engagement with scholarship including better socialization practices, collaborative interdisciplinary efforts, and improved working conditions.
Plant-Microbe Interactions: Life and Death at the Interface (1996)

Andrew O. Jackson, Crispin B. Taylor, Plant-Microbe Interactions: Life and Death at the Interface, The Plant Cell, Vol. 8, No. 10, Special Review Issue on Plant-Microbe Interactions (Oct., 1996), pp. 1651-1668
Crystal Structures and Mutational Analyses of Acyl-CoA Carboxylase β Subunit of <i>Streptomyces coelicolor</i><sup>,</sup> (2010)

The first committed step of fatty acid and polyketides biosynthesis, the biotin-dependent carboxylation of an acyl-CoA, is catalyzed by acyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCases) such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC). ACC and PCC in Streptomyces coelicolor are homologue multisubunit complexes that can carboxylate different short chain acyl-CoAs. While ACC is able to carboxylate acetyl-, propionyl-, or butyryl-CoA with approximately the same specificity, PCC only recognizes propionyl- and butyryl-CoA as substrates. How ACC and PCC have such different specificities toward these substrates is only partially understood. To further understand the molecular basis of how the active site residues can modulate the substrate recognition, we mutated D422, N80, R456, and R457 of PccB, the catalytic beta subunit of PCC. The crystal structures of six PccB mutants and the wild type crystal structure were compared systematically to establish the sequence-structure-function relationship that correlates the observed substrate specificity toward acetyl-, propionyl-, and butyryl-CoA with active site geometry. The experimental data confirmed that D422 is a key determinant of substrate specificity, influencing not only the active site properties but further altering protein stability and causing long-range conformational changes. Mutations of N80, R456, and R457 lead to variations in the quaternary structure of the beta subunit and to a concomitant loss of enzyme activity, indicating the importance of these residues in maintaining the active protein conformation as well as a critical role in substrate binding.
New Results on the Incipient Separation of Shock/Boundary-layer Interactions (2015)

Incipient separation of shock/boundary-layer interactions (SBLIs) is reexamined through RANS simulations of the turbulent flow past a sharp-edged ramp at Mach 3. Surprisingly, it was found that separation occurs for ramp angles below the accepted incipient value and for extremely small ramp angles. However, the separation bubble is very much smaller for ramp angles below incipient, which can still be regarded as a demarcation between “small-” and “large-scale” separation. Further study is recommended.
Tag manager: a mobile phone platform for physical selection services (2005)

Transformation of tag technology from logistic related proprietary solutions into consumer devices establishes new user interface paradigms and requires new tools and infrastructure. This paper first presents a set of tag based applications to be accessed with a mobile phone with tag readers. Certain problems and conflicts are identified when putting these applications in the same phone. Based on properties and special requirements of the applications we derive requirements for a middleware component, which would make possible for various services to coexist in the same phone and use same tags in a personalized way by users. An outline of the middleware component, the Tag Manager, is presented.
Enhancing physical layer security through beamforming and noise injection (2014)

In this paper, we evaluate how much beamforming and noise injection can improve physical layer security by deriving the probability of non-zero secrecy capacity and the secrecy outage probability. Our model is a typical wiretap channel model, composed of three participants - the transmitter Alice, the legitimate receiver Bob and the eavesdropper Eve. A typical cellular scenario is considered where Alice has multiple antennas while Bob and Eve each have only one antenna (MISOSE). Beamforming and noise injection at Alice are applied to achieve a higher instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at Bob and a lower SNR at Eve. The probability density functions (pdf) of Bob and Eve's SNR are figured out in both noise-injection condition and injection-free condition, and we derive the closed-form expressions for the probability of non-zero secrecy capacity and the secrecy outage probability. Numerical analysis is also addressed using the two probabilities introduced above.
Room temperature ferromagnetism in Mn- and Fe-doped indium tin oxide thin films (2008)

Undoped and transition-metal doped indium tin oxide films have been grown by pulsed laser deposition technique, on single crystalline c-plane (0001) and r-plane (1102) sapphire substrates maintained at 500–850°C. Magnetization measurements of films deposited at different temperatures indicate that ferromagnetism appears for deposition temperatures, Tdep&gt;600°C, with the highest moment for films deposited around 750°C. Qualitative different ferromagnetic behavior has been observed at room temperature in Fe- and Mn-doped thin films. The stable, hysteretic ferromagnetism of the Fe-doped films is due to the presence of magnetite, as seen in transmission Mössbauer spectra. The Mn-doped films show anhysteretic ferromagnetism which decays over time. It is somehow intrinsic, but not due to the Mn ions, which remains paramagnetic down to 4K. No anomalous Hall effect is observed.
Stabilization of a Kind of Nonlinear Discrete Singular Large-Scale Control Systems (2012)

This paper studies the state feedback stabilization of a kind of nonlinear discrete singular large-scale control systems by using Lyapunov matrix equation, generalized Lyapunov function method and matrix theory. There gives some sufficient conditions for determining the asymptotical stability and instability of the corresponding singular closed-loop large-scale systems while the subsystems are regular, causal and R-controllable. At last, an example is given to show the application of main result. Key words: Nonlinear discrete singular large-scale system; Control system; Asymptotical stability; Stabilization; State feedback
Comparison of WDM coupler technologies for use in erbium doped fibre amplifier systems (1990)

Fused-tapered and interference filter technology are compared for specific application in 1480 nm pumped erbium doped fibre amplifiers as WDM multiplexers for signal and pump light. In particular, the temperature, polarisation and wavelength dependence of the coupling ratio are measured and the implications for amplifier gain variability are discussed.
Individuals with HIV/AIDS ascribed several different meanings to their use of complementary therapy (2001)

QUESTION: What are the meanings that individuals with HIV/AIDS attach to their use of complementary therapies (CTs)? DesignQualitative interpretive approach. Setting
A simple interferometric method for monitoring mode hopping in tunable external-cavity semiconductor lasers (1989)

The mode-hopping events in a 1.3- mu m grating-tuned external-cavity laser are analyzed on the basis of interferometric measurements. The average frequency of mode hopping for a 7.5-cm external-cavity laser is estimated and is expressed as f/sub c/=2.7*10/sup 6/*exp (-1.7/(I/I/sub th/-1)) (hertz) for 0.07<or=(I/I/sub th/-1)<or=0.8 (I=injection current and I/sub th/=threshold current). The mode-hopping monitoring signal was negatively fed back to the laser using an automatic control circuit which maintained single-mode operation while the wavelength of the grating external-cavity laser was tuned.<<ETX>>