gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a broad spectrum glycoconjugate vaccine to prevent wound and disseminated infections with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2018)

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) are important human pathogens that are associated with a range of infection types, including wound and disseminated infections. Treatment has been complicated by rising rates of antimicrobial resistance. Immunoprophylactic strategies are not constrained by antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Vaccines against these organisms would be important public health tools, yet they are not available. KP surface O polysaccharides (OPS) are protective antigens in animal models of infection. Similarly, PA flagellin (Fla), the major subunit of the flagellar filament, is required for virulence and is a target of protective antibodies in animal models. We report herein the development of a combined KP and PA glycoconjugate vaccine comprised of the four most common KP OPS types associated with human infections (O1, O2, O3, O5), chemically linked to the two Fla types of PA (FlaA, FlaB). Conjugation of KP OPS to PA Fla enhanced anti-polysaccharide immune responses and produced a formulation that generated antibody titers to the four KP OPS types and both PA Fla antigens in rabbits. Passive transfer of vaccine-induced rabbit antisera reduced the bacterial burden and protected mice against fatal intravenous KP infection. Mice passively transferred with conjugate-induced antisera were also protected against PA infection after thermal injury with a FlaB-expressing isolate, but not a FlaA isolate. Taken together, these promising preclinical results provide important proof-of-concept for a broad spectrum human vaccine to prevent KP and PA infections.
Secret and public key image watermarking schemes for image authentication and ownership verification (2001)

We describe a watermarking scheme for ownership verification and authentication. Depending on the desire of the user, the watermark can be either visible or invisible. The scheme can detect any modification made to the image and indicate the specific locations that have been modified. If the correct key is specified in the watermark extraction procedure, then an output image is returned showing a proper watermark, indicating the image is authentic and has not been changed since the insertion of the watermark. Any modification would be reflected in a corresponding error in the watermark. If the key is incorrect, or if the image was not watermarked, or if the watermarked image is cropped, the watermark extraction algorithm will return an image that resembles random noise. Since it requires a user key during both the insertion and the extraction procedures, it is not possible for an unauthorized user to insert a new watermark or alter the existing watermark so that the resulting image will pass the test. We present secret key and public key versions of the technique.
A Compton camera for multitracer imaging (2001)

A high-energy resolution Compton camera consisting of two segmented Ge detectors is proposed for multitracer research. The basic parameters affecting its spatial resolution are described. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to optimize the detector system. Its suitability for multitracer technology was demonstrated by a test experiment.
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of cigarette smoke-induced lung damage and prevention by vitamin C (2008)

p-Benzosemiquinone appears to be a major causative factor of cigarette smoke-induced oxidative protein damage that leads to apoptosis and lung injury. The pathophysiological events are prevented by a moderately large dose of vitamin C.
Attacking Breast Cancer at the Preinvasion Stage by Targeting Autophagy (2013)

Preinvasive breast carcinoma cells that proliferate and accumulate within the nonvascular, closed intraductal niche are under severe hypoxic and metabolic stress. Understanding the survival mechanisms used by these cells has revealed therapeutic strategies for killing preinvasive neoplasms. We have found that autophagy ('self-eating') is a major survival strategy used by preinvasive carcinoma and breast cancer stem-like cells. Based on this finding, we have opened a clinical trial that is exploring neoadjuvant oral chloroquine antiautophagy therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ. We envision that antiautophagy therapy can be administered in combination with other treatments such as those that elevate intracellular calcium, to create a state of intolerable stress for preinvasive neoplastic cells, and thereby stop breast cancer before it starts.
BP-P2P: Belief propagation-based trust and reputation management for P2P networks (2012)

In this paper, for the first time, we introduce a Belief Propagation (BP)-based distributed trust and reputation management algorithm. The proposed algorithm can be utilized in many distributed systems from Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks to social and mesh networks. In this work, we focus on P2P networks and explore the application of BP-based trust and reputation management in a decentralized environment in the presence of malicious peers. In a typical P2P trust and reputation management system, after each transaction, the client peer (who receives a service) provides its rating about the quality of the service provided by the server peer for that transaction. In such a system, we view the problem of trust and reputation management as to compute two sets of variables: 1. the reputation parameters of peers based on their quality of service, and 2. the trustworthiness parameters of peers based on the ratings they provide after each transaction. We distinguish between these two parameters as a peer might provide high quality service as a server while providing malicious ratings as a client. The proposed scheme, referred to as BP-P2P, relies on the BP algorithm in an appropriately chosen factor graph representation of the P2P network. The reputation and trustworthiness parameters are computed by a BP-based distributed message passing algorithm between the peers on the factor graph. We provide a detailed evaluation of BP-P2P via analysis and computer simulations. We show that BP-P2P is very robust in computing trustworthiness values and filtering out malicious ratings. Specifically, we prove that BP-P2P iteratively reduces the error in the reputation values of peers due to the malicious ratings with a high probability. Further, comparison of BP-P2P with some well-known and commonly used P2P reputation management techniques (e.g., EigenTrust and Bayesian Framework) indicates the superiority of the proposed scheme in terms of robustness against malicious behavior. We also show that the computational complexity of BP-P2P grows only linearly with the number of peers and the communication overhead of BP-P2P is lower than the well-known EigenTrust algorithm.
Fast Vascular Reconstruction With Magnetic Devices in Liver Transplant: A Novel Surgical Technique (2020)

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Fast macropore growth in n‐type silicon (2009)

Abstract Deep macropores can be grown in classical aqueous HF electrolytes only at slow etching speeds, fast macropores can only be grown to modest depths (150 μm). The addition of acid acetic to the electrolyte can roughly double the etching speed of the macropores, enabling quick and easy etching of pore depths as deep as 520 μm, and potentially more, if wafers thicker than 550 μm would be used. The addition of carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC) to the electrolyte decreases the roughness of the pore walls significantly. It is successfully shown that electrolytes consisting of HF + acetic acid + CMC can be utilized to produce fast, deep, and smooth macropores simultaneously in n‐type silicon, required for a multitude of potential applications. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Suppression of porosity using pulse modulation of laser power in 20 kW CO2 laser welding (2001)

Formation mechanism of the porosity has been investigated in the deep penetration laser welding with the depth of about 20 mm using a 20 kW CO2 laser facility. Dynamic keyhole behaviour has been observed using a micro-focused X-ray transmission imaging system developed by Matsunawa et al. The results indicate that the porosity is formed by instability of the capillary keyhole. The tip of the keyhole is broken up by instability during an abrupt decrease in the depth by so called spiking phenomenon. Laser power modulation with a square wave can effectively reduce the porosity formation by matching the frequency with that of the molten pool oscillation. On the other hand, a lot of large porosities are formed at the frequency of 100 Hz. This may be caused by the resonant effect of the keyhole oscillation. The suppression effect of the porosity can be enhanced by power modulation with the modified waveform.
A Game Theory-Based Heuristic for the Two-Dimensional VLSI Global Routing Problem (2015)

In this work we propose a game theory (GT)-based global router. It works in two steps: (i) Initial routing of all nets using maze routing with framing (MRF) and (ii) GT-based rip-up and reroute (R&R) process. In initial routing, the nets are divided into several small subsets which are routed concurrently using multithreading (MT). The main task of the GT-based R&R process is to eliminate congestion. Nets are considered as players and each player employs two pure strategies: (attempt to improve its spanning tree, and, do not attempt to improve its spanning tree). The nets also have mixed strategies whose values act as probabilities for them to select any particular pure strategy. The nets which select their first strategy will go through the R&R operation. We also propose an algorithm which computes the mixed strategies of nets. The advantage of using GT to select nets is that it reduces the number of nets and the number of iterations in the R&R process. The performance of the proposed global router was evaluated on ISPD'98 benchmarks and compared with two recent global routers, namely, Box Router 2.0 (configured for speed) and Side-winder. The results show that the proposed global router with MT has a shorter runtime to converge to a valid solution than that of Box Router 2.0. It also outperforms Side-winder in terms of routability. The experimental results demonstrated that GT is a valuable technique in reducing the runtime of global routers.
Depletion of Autoreactive Plasma Cells and Treatment of Lupus Nephritis in Mice Using CEP-33779, a Novel, Orally Active, Selective Inhibitor of JAK2 (2011)

Accumulating evidence suggests that autoreactive plasma cells play an important role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In addition, several proinflammatory cytokines promote autoreactive B cell maturation and autoantibody production. Hence, therapeutic targeting of such cytokine pathways using a selective JAK2 inhibitor, CEP-33779 (JAK2 enzyme IC(50) = 1.3 nM; JAK3 enzyme IC(50)/JAK2 enzyme IC(50) = 65-fold), was tested in two mouse models of SLE. Age-matched, MRL/lpr or BWF1 mice with established SLE or lupus nephritis, respectively, were treated orally with CEP-33779 at 30 mg/kg (MRL/lpr), 55 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg (MRL/lpr and BWF1). Studies included reference standard, dexamethasone (1.5 mg/kg; MRL/lpr), and cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg; MRL/lpr and BWF1). Treatment with CEP-33779 extended survival and reduced splenomegaly/lymphomegaly. Several serum cytokines were significantly decreased upon treatment including IL-12, IL-17A, IFN-α, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Anti-nuclear Abs and frequencies of autoantigen-specific, Ab-secreting cells declined upon CEP-33779 treatment. Increased serum complement levels were associated with reduced renal JAK2 activity, histopathology, and spleen CD138(+) plasma cells. The selective JAK2 inhibitor CEP-33779 was able to mitigate several immune parameters associated with SLE advancement, including the protection and treatment of mice with lupus nephritis. These data support the possibility of using potent, orally active, small-molecule inhibitors of JAK2 to treat the debilitative disease SLE.
Efficient, Reusable Fuzzy Extractors from LWE. (2017)

A fuzzy extractor (FE) enables reproducible generation of high-quality randomness from noisy inputs having sufficient min-entropy. FEs have been proposed for deriving cryptographic keys from biometric data. FEs rely in their operation on a public “helper string” that is guaranteed not to leak too much information about the original input. Unfortunately, this guarantee may not hold when multiple independent helper strings are generated from correlated inputs; reusable FEs are needed in that case. Although the notion of reusable FEs was introduced in 2004, it has received little attention since then.
Efficacy and safety of high‐dose peanut oral immunotherapy with factors predicting outcome (2011)

We used a novel protocol using gradual updosing, and higher maintenance dose resulting in a better outcome compared with rush protocols. There was a 1000-fold increase in the amount of peanut tolerated with a good safety profile. No serious adverse events occurred. Most subjects tolerated five peanuts and all were protected against amounts likely during accidental ingestion. New information is provided on 'extrinsic factors', updosing method and factors associated with success (trial registration http://ClinicalTrials.gov- ID number NCT01259804).
Of Fish and Men: Interspecies transmission of Streptococcus agalactiae? (2016)

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Reusable and environmentally friendly ionic trinuclear iron complex catalyst for atom transfer radical polymerization (2007)

Ionic iron complex [(Me(3)tacn)(2)Fe(2)Cl(3)](+)[(Me(3)tacn)FeCl(3)](-) (1), which is readily soluble in methanol, acted as a powerful catalyst in controlled radical polymerization of styrene and MMA, and showed promising features of removal from the resulting polymers and was reusable after recovery from the crude products.
Investigation on the use of semiconductor as Q-switch as well as output coupler for diode-pumped solid-state lasers (2000)

Summary form only given. Passive Q-switching has attracted much research attention in recent years, especially for diode-pumped solid-state lasers. In the previous work, we demonstrated passive Q-switching using undoped and uncoated GaAs wafers as Q-switch elements as well as output couplers for several laser systems. This kind of Q-switching has the advantages of lowering cost, shortening laser cavity, simplifying the laser operation, and improving the compactness of laser system. In this paper, we reported more detailed studies of the transmissivity and saturable absorption, and the passive Q-switching performance using several different GaAs wafers.
Supplementary Data from Molecular Inhibitor of QSOX1 Suppresses Tumor Growth <i>In Vivo</i> (2023)

<p>*Supplementary Figure 1 shows the chemical structure of SBI-183. *Supplementary Figure 2 displays the verification of shRNA KD of QSOX1 by qRT-PCR. *Supplementary Table 1 shows the results from our docking protocols. *Supplementary Figure 3 displays the determination of IC50's by Cell Titer Glo. *Supplementary Table 2 displays cell growth as percentages. *Supplementary Table 3 shows that high dosage with SBI-183 was not toxic to athymic nude mice. *Supplementary Table 4 shows that SBI-183 did not reduce primary tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 in vivo. *Supplementary Figure 4 shows that SBI-183 inhibits metastasis of MDA-MB-231.</p>
New Method to Estimate IPR for Fishbone Oil Multilateral Wells in Solution Gas Drive Reservoirs (2016)

Abstract Multilateral wells were used in the petroleum industry to increase hydrocarbon recovery from oil and gas fields as a cost effective technology. The objective of this study is to develop new empirical inflow performance relationship (IPR) model to estimate the productivity of fishbone multilateral wells producing from homogeneous oil saturated reservoirs. A simulation model was built including a fishbone well producing from two-phase reservoir with a typical fluids and rock properties. Sensitivity analysis was done to study the effect of initial water saturation, porosity, permeability, oil gravity and bubble point pressure on the productivity of the fishbone well. Moreover, the influence of the well dimensions such as the number and length of the branched holes and distance between them were evaluated by running many scenarios. Then dimensionless IPR curves were generated by plotting bottom-hole flowing pressure versus oil production rate. The results of the normalized IPR curves showed that the most significant factor influenced the fishbone well productivity is the number of rib holes. New empirical IPR correlation in Vogel's form for fishbone multilateral wells in solution gas drive reservoirs includes the number of rib holes as a variable was developed. The New IPR-fish bone model showed good results compared to generalize Vogel's model. The obtained IPR model from this work will significantly improve the productivity estimation of complex fishbone multilateral wells producing from solution gas drive reservoirs.
Cotreatment with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor LAQ824 Enhances Apo-2L/Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand-Induced Death Inducing Signaling Complex Activity and Apoptosis of Human Acute Leukemia Cells (2004)

Present studies demonstrate that treatment with the histone deacetylases inhibitor LAQ824, a cinnamic acid hydroxamate, increased the acetylation of histones H3 and H4, as well as induced p21(WAF1) in the human T-cell acute leukemia Jurkat, B lymphoblast SKW 6.4, and acute myelogenous leukemia HL-60 cells. This was associated with increased accumulation of the cells in the G(1) phase of the cell cycle, as well as accompanied by the processing and activity of caspase-9 and -3, and apoptosis. Exposure to LAQ824 increased the mRNA and protein expressions of the death receptors DR5 and/or DR4, but reduced the mRNA and protein levels of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP). As compared with treatment with Apo-2L/tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) or LAQ824 alone, pretreatment with LAQ824 increased the assembly of Fas-associated death domain and caspase-8, but not of c-FLIP, into the Apo-2L/TRAIL-induced death-inducing signaling complex. This increased the processing of caspase-8 and Bcl-2 interacting domain (BID), augmented cytosolic accumulation of the prodeath molecules cytochrome-c, Smac and Omi, as well as led to increased activity of caspase-3 and apoptosis. Treatment with LAQ824 also down-regulated the levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-x(L), XIAP, and survivin. Partial inhibition of apoptosis due to LAQ824 or Apo-2L/TRAIL exerted by Bcl-2 overexpression was reversed by cotreatment with LAQ824 and Apo-2L/TRAIL. Significantly, cotreatment with LAQ824 increased Apo-2L/TRAIL-induced apoptosis of primary acute myelogenous leukemia blast samples isolated from 10 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia. Taken together, these findings indicate that LAQ824 may have promising activity in augmenting Apo-2L/TRAIL-induced death-inducing signaling complex and apoptosis of human acute leukemia cells.
Regulation of food intake and body weight by cobalt porphyrins in animals. (1989)

Cobalt-substituted protoporphyrin administered subcutaneously to normal adult rats elicited prompt decreases in food intake and sustained decreases in body weight. Repetitive parenteral administration of small doses of this synthetic heme analogue resulted in dose-related diminutions of carcass fat content without changes in carcass protein content. Direct injection of the compound into the third ventricle of the brain produced changes in food intake and body weight that were quantitatively similar to those observed after parenteral treatment but required only 1-2% of the parenteral dose. The effects of intracerebroventricularly administered cobalt protoporphyrin on body weight were dose-related and were not produced by inorganic cobalt, heme, and a number of other metal-substituted protoporphyrins. Differential body weights between control and treated animals persisted for at least 300 days after intracerebroventricular injections of a single dose (0.2 or 0.4 mumol/kg of body weight) of the compound. Similar effects were observed after subcutaneous administration of the metalloporphyrin to genetically obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats and normal and genetically obese (ob/ob) mice as well as chickens and dogs. Cobalt-substituted mesoporphyrin elicited comparable effects on food intake and body weight. The results of these studies define a new biological action of cobalt protoporphyrin and demonstrate that this and certain other cobalt porphyrins can act, at least in part, in the central nervous system to regulate appetite and to produce long-sustained diminutions in body weight and carcass content of fat in animals.
Traditional and transgenic strategies for controlling tomato-infecting begomoviruses (2002)

Viruses of to the family Geminiviridae are considered some of the most important pathogens in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Members of one Geminiviridae genus, Begomovirus, have been causing severe losses, particularly in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) production in the Americas and the Caribbean. Several new begomoviruses have been reported in the region and, at least one, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), has been brought in from the Old World via infected transplants. In addition, the recombination events that are playing an important role in Begomovirus diversity have increased the complexity of their control. This scenario has led to the search for control measures that go beyond traditional host genetic resistance, chemical controls and cultural practices. In this review, besides the recommended classical control measures, transgenic approaches will be discussed, as well as the mechanisms involved in their successful control of viruses.