gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Registration of human skull computed tomography data to an ultrasound treatment space using a sparse high frequency ultrasound hemispherical array (2016)

If combined with ultrasound-based treatment monitoring techniques, this registration method could allow for the development of a low-cost transcranial FUS treatment platform to make this technology more widely available.
N-Heterocyclic carbene-catalysed synthesis of polyurethanes (2012)

A free N-heterocyclic carbene has been efficiently used for the organocatalysed step-growth polymerisation between aliphatic diisocyanates and diols. Both the nature of the diisocyanate monomer and the order of addition of reactants are critical parameters for the successful synthesis of soluble linear polyurethanes.
Effective testing of gene-disease associations. (1990)

We propose a method for testing any hypothesized association between a candidate allele, for which there is a specific laboratory test, and a common chronic disease. Families in which this allele is segregating are identified through index individuals who are homozygous or heterozygous for the allele. The sample consists of the subset of identified families who also have at least one member with the common disease of interest. For each independent family in this subset, select one person with the disease and determine if he or she is heterozygous for the allele. The observed proportion of heterozygotes in this sample is compared to the proportion expected on the basis of each diseased relative's null probability of being heterozygous for the allele; this null probability depends only on the relative's relationship to the index individual and the population allele frequency. We provide these null probabilities, develop appropriate inference procedures, discuss sample size requirements, and compare this method to a standard case-control design. Results using this method are unlikely to be influenced by confounders, systematic bias, or genetic heterogeneity.
Increased drought tolerance in plants engineered for low lignin and low xylan content (2018)

This study shows that plants engineered to accumulate less lignin or xylan are more tolerant to drought and activate drought responses faster than control plants. This is an important finding because it demonstrates that modification of secondary cell walls does not necessarily render the plants less robust in the environment, and it shows that substantial changes in biomass composition can be achieved without compromising plant resilience.
Biological oxygen demand (BOD) soft measuring based on dynamic neural network (DNN): A simulation study (2009)

Rapid, accurate and reliable measurements of biological oxygen demand (BOD) are a key basis for monitoring and controlling wastewater treatment processes (WWTP). A kind of soft measurement based on the dynamic neural network (DNN) is proposed in this paper, which can be used to monitor and model the important parameters of the wastewater treatment process on-line. The main parts of the soft measurement are: soft measurement model design and dynamic neural network design. The results of the simulations demonstrate that this soft measurement can measure the BOD concentration on-line, it is provided with real-time ability, good stability, and high precision and so on.
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Reduction of Hydrogen/Deuterium Back Exchange in Solution-Phase Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange with Mass Spectrometric Analysis (2006)

The single biggest problem with solution-phase H/D exchange as a mass spectrometric probe of surface exposure in a protein (or protein complex) is back-exchange of H for D after the initial H/D exchange has been quenched. Back-exchange results in loss of pertinent data and also greatly hampers data analysis. Previously, very fast, cold (0-4 degrees C) HPLC was performed to help reduce back-exchange, but calculated back-exchange still averages approximately 30%. In this report, supercritical fluid chromatography replaces HPLC as the desalting/separation technique prior to mass analysis, providing a dramatic reduction in back-exchange compared to the fast, cold HPLC methods.
Adaptive ARQ/FEC for multitone transmission in wireless networks (2002)

This paper describes an automatic repeat request and forward error correction (ARQ/FEC) procedure for multitone data transmission. Multitone data transmission is a candidate for broadband wireless applications. The technique makes use of cyclic redundancy checking (CRC) in both time and frequency. When a block of data is found to be in error, the error is located and corrected by iterative partial CRC requests, reducing and possibly eliminating the need for retransmission of the entire block. Cumulative channel measurements via CRCs are used to control the activity in each channel.
Preventing Episodic Migraine With Caloric Vestibular Stimulation: A Randomized Controlled Trial (2017)

The TNM™ device for CVS appears to provide a clinically efficacious and highly tolerable adjuvant therapy for the prevention of episodic migraine.
Compact linear electron accelerator for radiation technologies (2008)

A prototype of a commercial compact continuous-beam linear electron accelerator has been designed and constructed. With its energy of 600 keV and a beam with 30 kW maximum power, the accelerator can be used in various radiation technologies. Its compact size, easy operation, reliability, wide adjustment range for the main parameters, and possible local shielding allow it to be integrated into the majority of radiation technology processes.
Flavor Development in Pasteurized Milk Blue Cheese by Animal and Microbial Lipase Preparations (1975)

This study is of rate and quality of flavor development and type and concentration of carbonyls produced in blue cheese made from pasteurized milk after applying selected microbial and animal enzyme preparations directly to cheese curds along with Penicillium roqueforti spores and salt. Two of 10 microbial lipase preparations (Aspergilli) gave good quality blue cheese flavor within 45 to 75 days at 5 C in cheese made from pasteurized milk. Total carbonyls were maximum in 75 days at 5 C and were highest in cheeses with added microbial lipase. Cheeses without added enzymes had lowest values and differed in the relative distribution of individual carbonyls. In cheese from 75-day-old pasteurized milk containing microbial lipase, at 5 C the amount of 2-heptanone was 76.1 ~mol and 2-nonanone was 32.5 /2mol/10 g cheese solids.
Dynamic Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of Trileaflet Polymer Prosthetic Heart Valves (2011)

Valvular heart disease (VHD) continues to be a significant public health issue with an estimated 1–2% of the population affected [1]. Currently, VDH is primarily treated at the end stages with open-heart surgical replacement of the diseased valve with either a tissue or mechanical prosthetic heart valve (PHV), each having deficiencies including low durability and high thrombosis respectively. Polymer trileaflet PHVs have been designed to mimic the native aortic valve (AV) hemodynamics while being more durable and less thrombogenic than current PHVs. Recent advances in polymers and its applications for polymer PHVs, including transcatheter PHVs or use in the Total Artificial Heart (TAH) (Fig. 1), encourage further research and development [2–4]. Paramount to polymer PHV progress is proving equivalence to commercially available FDA approved PHVs.
Query Performance Prediction for Pseudo-Feedback-Based Retrieval (2019)

The query performance prediction task (QPP) is estimating retrieval effectiveness in the absence of relevance judgments. Prior work has focused on prediction for retrieval methods based on surface level query-document similarities (e.g., query likelihood). We address the prediction challenge for pseudo-feedback-based retrieval methods which utilize an initial retrieval to induce a new query model; the query model is then used for a second (final) retrieval. Our suggested approach accounts for the presumed effectiveness of the initially retrieved list, its similarity with the final retrieved list and properties of the latter. Empirical evaluation demonstrates the clear merits of our approach.
Noise shaping techniques for analog and time to digital converters using voltage controlled oscillators (2008)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2008.
Personalizing E-commerce applications with on-line heuristic decision making (2001)

Article Personalizing E-commerce applications with on-line heuristic decision making Share on Authors: Vinod Anupam Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJ Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJView Profile , Richard Hull Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJ Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJView Profile , Bharat Kumar Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJ Bell Labs, Lucent Technologies, 600 Mountain Avenue, Murray Hill, NJView Profile Authors Info & Claims WWW '01: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on World Wide WebMay 2001 Pages 296–307https://doi.org/10.1145/371920.372073Online:01 April 2001Publication History 5citation1,182DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations5Total Downloads1,182Last 12 Months8Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Expanding the Landscape of Diterpene Structural Diversity through Stereochemically Controlled Combinatorial Biosynthesis (2016)

Abstract Plant‐derived diterpenoids serve as important pharmaceuticals, food additives, and fragrances, yet their low natural abundance and high structural complexity limits their broader industrial utilization. By mimicking the modularity of diterpene biosynthesis in plants, we constructed 51 functional combinations of class I and II diterpene synthases, 41 of which are “new‐to‐nature”. Stereoselective biosynthesis of over 50 diterpene skeletons was demonstrated, including natural variants and novel enantiomeric or diastereomeric counterparts. Scalable biotechnological production for four industrially relevant targets was accomplished in engineered strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae .
Eukaryotic Peptide Deformylases. Nuclear-Encoded and Chloroplast-Targeted Enzymes in Arabidopsis (2001)

Arabidopsis (ecotype Columbia-0) genes, AtDEF1 and AtDEF2, represent eukaryotic homologs of the essential prokaryotic gene encoding peptide deformylase. Both deduced proteins contain three conserved protein motifs found in the active site of all eubacterial peptide deformylases, and N-terminal extensions identifiable as chloroplast-targeting sequences. Radiolabeled full-length AtDEF1 was imported and processed by isolated pea (Pisum sativum L. Laxton's Progress No. 9) chloroplasts and AtDEF1 and 2 were immunologically detected in Arabidopsis leaf and chloroplast stromal protein extracts. The partial cDNAs encoding the processed forms of Arabidopsis peptide deformylase 1 and 2 (pAtDEF1 and 2, respectively) were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using C-terminal hexahistidyl tags. Both recombinant Arabidopsis peptide deformylases had peptide deformylase activity with unique kinetic parameters that differed from those reported for the E. coli enzyme. Actinonin, a specific peptide deformylase inhibitor, was effective in vitro against Arabidopsis peptide deformylase 1 and 2 activity, respectively. Exposure of several plant species including Arabidopsis to actinonin resulted in chlorosis and severe reductions in plant growth and development. The results suggest an essential role for peptide deformylase in protein processing in all plant plastids.
Automated selection of regions of interest for quantitative analysis of lung textures in digital chest radiographs (1993)

In order to implement a computerized scheme for quantitative analysis of interstitial lung disease in chest radiographs in clinical situations, a fully automated method of selecting many square regions of interest (ROIs) in peripheral lung areas are developed. First, the peripheral lung regions are identified, based on the automated detection of lung apices, ribcage edges, and diaphragm. Then a large number of ROIs are selected sequentially by filling in the identified peripheral regions. Finally, those ROIs containing sharp edges are removed based on an edge gradient analysis, for which a gradient-weighted edge orientation histogram is employed. Approximately 200-400 ROIs were automatically selected for each case with this method. The evaluation of using ROC analysis indicated that the automated ROI selection method was effective in quantitative analysis of lung textures in digital chest radiographs.
Dynamically Shaped Magnetic Fields (2011)

A new magnetic RNS using a dynamically shaped magnetic field concept can reproducibly and effectively reach target radiofrequency ablation points within the pig left atrium. Validation of the system in clinical settings is under way.
A cavity-enhanced ultraviolet absorption instrument for high-precision, fast-time-response ozone measurements (2020)

Abstract. The NASA Rapid Ozone Experiment (ROZE) is a broadband cavity-enhanced UV (ultraviolet) absorption instrument for the detection of in situ ozone (O3). ROZE uses an incoherent LED (light-emitting diode) light source coupled to a high-finesse optical cavity to achieve an effective pathlength of ∼ 104 m. Due to its high sensitivity and small optical cell volume, ROZE demonstrates a 1σ precision of 80 pptv (parts per trillion by volume) in 0.1 s and 31 pptv in a 1 s integration time, as well as an e-fold time response of 50 ms. ROZE can be operated in a range of field environments, including low- and high-altitude research aircraft, and is particularly suited to O3 vertical-flux measurements using the eddy covariance technique. ROZE was successfully integrated aboard the NASA DC-8 aircraft during July–September 2019 and validated against a well-established chemiluminescence measurement of O3. A flight within the marine boundary layer also demonstrated flux measurement capabilities, and we observed a mean O3 deposition velocity of 0.029 ± 0.005 cm s−1 to the ocean surface. The performance characteristics detailed below make ROZE a robust, versatile instrument for field measurements of O3.
Efficacy of propolis in remineralising artificially induced demineralisation of human enamel - An in-vitro study (2020)

Brushing of enamel blocks with propolis led to a greater enhancement in their microhardness levels when compared with the control group. Future studies are essential to validate the exact mechanism of the beneficial effects of propolis on enamel.
A Physically Reconfigurable 1× 8 Monolithic Thick Origami Array (2021)

This paper presents a 1×8 monolithic thick origami antenna array. The proposed design dynamically adjusts its radiation pattern through foldability, without the need of any additional phase shifters in its feeding network. Depending on its folded state, the array can cover different regions in space by switching from a single beam at broadside, to two beams at θ = ±45°, and four beams at θ = ±45°, ±135°. The foldability of the design is implemented using three lamina emergent torsional joint surrogate hinges. These hinges allow the array to physically reconfigure to different folded states and pack itself efficiently to an area that is four times smaller than its deployed area. For demonstration purposes our proposed array is designed to operate at 2.45 GHz using a single 1.55 mm thick FR4 substrate.
High-Order Super-Block GLRT for Non-Coherent Grassmann Codes in MIMO-OFDM Systems (2010)

We investigate non-coherent multi-input multi-output (MIMO) signal processing which requires no channel state information (CSI) at either the transmitter or the receiver. With non-coherent codes on Grassmann manifold, a receiver employing generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) algorithm offers the maximum-likelihood performance even without CSI. However, the conventional GLRT suffers from a severe performance degradation when the channel changes fast within a coding block duration. We propose an improved GLRT algorithm referred to as high-order super-block techniques. The super-block scheme makes effective use of correlated channels for adjacent blocks in slow fading, whereas the high-order scheme can overcome the channel fluctuation during a block in fast fading. We demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly improves performance for MIMO-OFDM with non-coherent Grassmann space-frequency block codes (SFBC).
Microencapsulation of anti-tumor, antibiotic and thrombolytic drugs in microgravity (1994)

Encapsulation of cytotoxic or labile drugs enables targeted delivery and sustained release kinetics that are not available with intravenous injection. A new liquid-liquid diffusion process has been developed for forming unique microcapsules that contain both aqueous and hydrocarbon soluble drugs. Microgravity experiments, on sounding rockets (1989-92) and Shuttle missions STS-52 (1992) and STS-56 (1993) using an automated Materials Dispersion Apparatus, produced multi-lamellar microcapsules containing both Cis-platinum (anti-tumor drug) and iodinated poppy seed oil (a radiocontrast medium), surrounded by a polyglyceride skin. Microcapsules formed with amoxicillin (antibiotic) or urokinase (a clot dissolving enzyme), co-encapsulated with IPO, are still intact after two years. Microcapsules were formed with the drug so concentrated that crystals formed inside. Multi-layered microspheres, with both hydrophobic drug compartments, can enable diffusion of complementary drugs from the same microcapsule, e.g. antibiotics and immuno-stimulants to treat resistant infections or multiple fibrinolytic drugs to dissolve emboli. Co-encapsulation of enough radio-contrast medium enables oncologists to monitor the delivery of anti-tumor microcapsules to target tumors using computerized tomography and radiography that would track the distribution of microcapsules after release from the intra-arterial catheter. These microcapsules could have important applications in chemotheraphy of certain liver, kidney, brain and other tumors.
<scp>d</scp> -Xylulose Fermentation to Ethanol by <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (1981)

We used commercial bakers' yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to study the conversion of d-xylulose to ethanol in the presence of d-xylose. The rate of ethanol production increased with an increase in yeast cell density. The optimal temperature for d-xylulose fermentation was 35 degrees C, and the optimal pH range was 4 to 6. The fermentation of d-xylulose by yeast resulted in the production of ethanol as the major product; small amounts of xylitol and glycerol were also produced. The production of xylitol was influenced by pH as well as temperature. High pH values and low temperatures enhanced xylitol production. The rate of d-xylulose fermentation decreased when the production of ethanol yielded concentrations of 4% or more. The slow conversion rate of d-xylulose to ethanol was increased by increasing the yeast cell density. The overall production of ethanol from d-xylulose by yeast cells under optimal conditions was 90% of the theoretical yield.
Ultrastable Particle‐Stabilized Foams (2006)

Pump up the volume: Wet foams prepared with surfactants are thermodynamically unstable systems that undergo rapid disproportionation, drainage, and coalescence. Ultrastable foams have now been prepared using colloidal particles as stabilizers (left picture). The stabilization results from the irreversible adsorption at the air–water interface of particles surface-modified with short-chain amphiphiles (right picture). Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z503676_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Blind Timing Acquisition for Ultra-Wideband Multi-User Ad Hoc Access (2006)

Synchronization is a factor critically affecting performance of ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems. We develop a blind synchronization and demodulation scheme which relies on intermittent transmission of nonzero mean symbols. These enable multi-user interference (MUI)- and inter-symbol interference (ISI)-resilient timing acquisition via energy detection and low-complexity demodulation by matching to a synchronized aggregate template (SAT). It turns out that the resultant SAT receiver offers distinct advantages over the widely-deployed RAKE receiver. Its blind operation nicely fits the requirements of multi-user ad hoc access and its ability to handle ISI and MUI is attractive for UWB communications. Analytical performance evaluation and simulations testing our novel scheme confirm its high potential for deployment.
Myoblast Transplantation in Whole Muscle of Nonhuman Primates (2000)

The goal of the present study was to determine the feasibility, success, and toxicity of myoblast transplantation (MT) in the whole muscle of primates. Allogenic myoblasts transduced with the beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) gene were transplanted in the whole Biceps brachii of 5 monkeys immunosuppressed with FK506. Myoblast injections were spaced at every 1 to 1.5 mm in 7 muscles, as well as at every 5 mm in 2 muscles. Myoblasts were resuspended in HBSS, notexin 1 microg/ml or notexin 5 microg/ml. Depending on the number of beta-Gal labeled myoblasts and the injection protocol, biopsies of transplanted muscles exhibited 7% to 74% beta-Gal+ fibers 1 month after MT. Beta-Gal+ fibers were present in muscle biopsies made 3, 8, and 12 months after MT. Myoglobinuria and hyperkalemia, the risk factors after extensive muscle damage and notexin toxicity, were not observed. The withdrawal of immunosuppression led to histological evidences of cellular rejection of the graft. We concluded that MT can be successfully performed in large primate muscles without toxicity due to muscle damage. An effective immunosuppression allowed the maintenance of beta-Gal+ fibers up to 1 year after MT. These results suggest parameters that may allow effective MT in humans.
Feedback Capacity of Random Networks (2012)

Internal feedback structure exists in non-hierarchical random network in form of cycles. Diffusion of information from a node to reach out all the rest occurs throughout penetration layers (depths). In each layer, the information credibility or accuracy may be challenged due to internal feedback loops. As the information propagates to subsequent layers, on average, the feedback density heterogeneity in random networks reaches saturation after the third penetration in random networks. The maximum penetration defines the feedback capacity of the network.
Shear property characterization of viscoelastic media using vibrations induced by ultrasound radiation force (2003)

A method is proposed to estimate the shear properties of a viscoelastic medium by evaluating the vibration response of an embedded sphere. Radiation force generated by two interfering ultrasound beams is used to vibrate the sphere, at frequencies below 1 kHz. The motion of the sphere under multiple driving frequencies is measured by either laser or ultrasound technique. By fitting a theoretical model to these velocity spectrum measurements, the shear modulus and viscosity of the media are estimated. Experiment results in silicon oils and gel phantoms were in good agreement with the theory.
Potential of novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection phase-dependent antigens in the diagnosis of TB disease in a high burden setting (2012)

IFN-γ responses to TB rpfs show promise as TB diagnostic candidates and should be evaluated further for discrimination between M.tb infection states.