gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Throughput-efficient sequential channel sensing and probing in cognitive radio networks under sensing errors (2009)

In this paper, we exploit channel diversity for opportunistic spectrum access (OSA). Our approach uses channel quality as a second criterion (along with the idle/busy status of the channel) in selecting channels to use for opportunistic transmission. The difficulty of the problem comes from the fact that it is practically infeasible for a CR to first scan all channels and then pick the best among them, due to the potentially large number of channels open to OSA and the limited power/hardware capability of a CR. As a result, the CR can only sense and probe channels sequentially. To avoid collisions with other CRs, after sensing and probing a channel, the CR needs to make a decision on whether to terminate the scan and use the underlying channel or to skip it and scan the next one. The optimal use-or-skip decision strategy that maximizes the CR's average throughput is one of our primary concerns in this study. This problem is further complicated by practical considerations, such as sensing/probing overhead and sensing errors. An optimal decision strategy that addresses all the above considerations is derived by formulating the sequential sensing/probing process as a rate-of-return problem, which we solve using optimal stopping theory. We further explore the special structure of this strategy to conduct a "second-round" optimization over the operational parameters, such as the sensing and probing times. We show through simulations that significant throughput gains (e.g., about 100%) are achieved using our joint sensing/probing scheme over the conventional one that uses sensing alone.
A Critical Evaluation of a New Fluorescence Immunoassay System for the Measurement of Serum Phenytoin Concentrations (1983)

Results are presented which show that the Ames TDA tm phenytoin kit may be used with a shortened incubation time (5 minutes) and that, using a Fluorostat tm instrument, a single calibration curve can be stored and used effectively over a three-week period. The importance of temperature control when using a single calibration curve is emphasised. An unexplained finding was that higher results were obtained for phenytoin concentrations up to about 15 mg/l with increasing incubation temperature. There was acceptable precision of measurement at all levels of phenytoin concentration, and there was no significant interference by haemoglobin, bilirubin, or lipids. The TDA results correlated well with those obtained using liquid chromatography (y = 0.39 + 0.98x, r = 0.98, where y = TDA and x = HPLC) and enzyme immunoassay (y = 0.08 + 0.93x, r = 0.96, where y = TDA and x = EIA).
All-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometers for sensing applications (2012)

We propose and demonstrate a thinned fiber based Mach-Zehnder interferometer for multi-purpose sensing applications. The sensor head is formed by all-fiber in-line singlemode-multimode-thinned-singlemode (SMTS) fiber structure, only using the splicing method. The principle of operation relies on the effect that the thinned fiber cladding modes interference with the core mode by employing a multimode fiber as a mode coupler. Experimental results showed that the liquid refractive index information can be simultaneously provided from measuring the sensitivity of the liquid level. A 9.00 mm long thinned fiber sensor at a wavelength of 1538.7228 nm exhibits a water level sensitivity of -175.8 pm/mm, and refractive index sensitivity as high as -1868.42 (pm/mm)/RIU, respectively. The measuring method is novel, for the first time to our knowledge. In addition, it also demonstrates that by monitoring the wavelength shift, the sensor at a wavelength of 1566.4785 nm exhibits a refractive index sensitivity of -25.2935 nm/RIU, temperature sensitivity of 0.0615 nm/°C, and axial strain sensitivity of -2.99 pm/με, respectively. Moreover, the sensor fabrication process is very simple and cost effective.
Photohydration via intramolecular proton transfer to carbon in electronically excited states (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhotohydration via intramolecular proton transfer to carbon in electronically excited statesMartin Isaks, Keith Yates, and Peter KalanderopoulosCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 9, 2728–2730Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00321a058https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00321a058research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views202Altmetric-Citations31LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Biocompatible polypyrrole nanoparticles as a novel organic photoacoustic contrast agent for deep tissue imaging (2013)

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) has emerged as a hybrid, nonionizing imaging modality because of its satisfactory spatial resolution and high soft tissue contrast. Here, we demonstrate the application of a novel organic PAT contrast agent based on polypyrrole nanoparticles (PPy NPs). Monodisperse PPy NPs are ∼46 nm in diameter with strong absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) range, which allowed visualization of PPy NP-containing agar gel embedded in chicken breast muscle at a depth of ∼4.3 cm. Compared with PAT images based on the intrinsic optical contrast in mice, the PAT images acquired within 1 h after intravenous administration of PPy NPs showed the brain vasculature with greater clarity than hemoglobin in blood. Preliminary results showed no acute toxicity to the vital organs (heart, liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys) in mice following a single imaging dose of PPy NPs. Our results indicate that PPy NPs are promising contrast agents for PAT with good biocompatibility, high spatial resolution and enhanced sensitivity.
The nose, the lung and the bone marrow in allergic inflammation (1999)

The nose, the lung and the bone marrow in allergic inflammation
Nucleophilic Deoxyfluorination of Phenols via Aryl Fluorosulfonate Intermediates (2017)

This report describes a method for the deoxyfluorination of phenols with sulfuryl fluoride (SO<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub>) and tetramethylammonium fluoride (NMe<sub>4</sub>F) via aryl fluorosulfonate (ArOFs) intermediates. We first demonstrate that the reaction of ArOFs with NMe<sub>4</sub>F proceeds under mild conditions (often at room temperature) to afford a broad range of electronically diverse and functional group-rich aryl fluoride products. This transformation was then translated to a one-pot conversion of phenols to aryl fluorides using the combination of SO<sub>2</sub>F<sub>2</sub> and NMe<sub>4</sub>F. Ab initio calculations suggest that carbon-fluorine bond formation proceeds via a concerted transition state rather than a discrete Meisenheimer intermediate.
Usable security: User preferences for authentication methods in eBanking and the effects of experience (2009)

Journal Article Usable security: User preferences for authentication methods in eBanking and the effects of experience Get access Catherine S. Weir, Catherine S. Weir * a CCIR, The Centre for Communication Interface Research, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, EH9 3JL, United Kingdom * Corresponding author. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Gary Douglas, Gary Douglas a CCIR, The Centre for Communication Interface Research, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, EH9 3JL, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Tim Richardson, Tim Richardson b Lloyds TSB Bank plc., 25 Gresham Street, London, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mervyn Jack Mervyn Jack a CCIR, The Centre for Communication Interface Research, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, EH9 3JL, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Interacting with Computers, Volume 22, Issue 3, May 2010, Pages 153–164, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intcom.2009.10.001 Published: 31 October 2009 Article history Received: 16 February 2009 Revision received: 31 August 2009 Accepted: 16 October 2009 Published: 31 October 2009
Stereoscopic Images in Confocal (Tandem Scanning) Microscopy (1985)

Stereoscopic pair images with parallel projection geometry are obtained by through-focusing along two inclined axes while recording two (summed and stacked) images with a microscope with a very shallow depth of field. The two stack images sample the same depth slice of translucent or reflective specimens. The method will work most conveniently with a tandem scanning microscope (a direct-view, confocal scanning optical microscope). This is a direct method for recording stereo images that can be used to the limit of resolution in optical microscopy. It demonstrates a previously unrealized advantage of confocal optical microscopy.
A Two Steps Method For Analyzing Dependency of Business Services On IT Services Within A Service Life Cycle (2006)

In order to meet the dynamic business environment, the alignment of business services and IT services has long been a challenge to both business and IT people. In this paper, a graph centric, two-phase analysis and design method for service system is proposed which is based on the recent evolutions in these fields like service oriented architecture (SOA). The method proposed in this paper views a service system comprising of business services and IT services as a layered complex system and uses matrices to represent the interactions between different layers. The method could help decision makers to analyze the impact of service changes during service design period. This could also facilitate the design of a more flexible IT service system reacting to business changes. The aim of this paper is to seek balance among different parts of a service system, and to provide a holistic view of the system for different role players. Results from this paper could give service designers some insights on how to design an enterprise service bus (ESB) in the SOA architecture of an enterprise
Book Report (2017)

Pickert, Sarah M. Preparing fora Global Community: Achieving International Perspective in Higher Education Washington, DC: George Washington University School of Education and Human Development, 1992. ASHE-ERICHigherEducationReportNo.2.
Multiomic Analysis of the UV-Induced DNA Damage Response (2016)

In order to facilitate the identification of factors and pathways in the cellular response to UV-induced DNA damage, several descriptive proteomic screens and a functional genomics screen were performed in parallel. Numerous factors could be identified with high confidence when the screen results were superimposed and interpreted together, incorporating biological knowledge. A searchable database, bioLOGIC, which provides access to relevant information about a protein or process of interest, was established to host the results and facilitate data mining. Besides uncovering roles in the DNA damage response for numerous proteins and complexes, including Integrator, Cohesin, PHF3, ASC-1, SCAF4, SCAF8, and SCAF11, we uncovered a role for the poorly studied, melanoma-associated serine/threonine kinase 19 (STK19). Besides effectively uncovering relevant factors, the multiomic approach also provides a systems-wide overview of the diverse cellular processes connected to the transcription-related DNA damage response.
Robotic Tracking and Marking of Surface Shape Defects on Moving Automotive Panels (2011)

This paper examines the complex problem of robotic interaction with moving panels exhibiting few distinctive visual features, in the context of marking surface deformation defects for quality control in the automotive industry. In order to integrate a defects detection station and a robotic tracking and marking system within a unified framework, an original inter-calibration technique is developed, which allows for the distribution of these systems in two different stations along the assembly line. A robotic prototype for performing the marking operation on a moving panel, using a spraying gun, is built and its operation validated under realistic industrial scenarios. The marking accuracy that is achieved demonstrates the suitability of the proposed robotic solution to perform fully automated region marking of deformations over large surfaces and for substantial volumes of production, while relying only on passive stereoscopy.
Structure Inference Machines: Recurrent Neural Networks for Analyzing Relations in Group Activity Recognition (2016)

Rich semantic relations are important in a variety of visual recognition problems. As a concrete example, group activity recognition involves the interactions and relative spatial relations of a set of people in a scene. State of the art recognition methods center on deep learning approaches for training highly effective, complex classifiers for interpreting images. However, bridging the relatively low-level concepts output by these methods to interpret higher-level compositional scenes remains a challenge. Graphical models are a standard tool for this task. In this paper, we propose a method to integrate graphical models and deep neural networks into a joint framework. Instead of using a traditional inference method, we use a sequential inference modeled by a recurrent neural network. Beyond this, the appropriate structure for inference can be learned by imposing gates on edges between nodes. Empirical results on group activity recognition demonstrate the potential of this model to handle highly structured learning tasks.
Creating Single Time-Bin-Entangled Photon Pairs (2005)

When a single emitter is excited by two phase-coherent pulses with a time delay, each of the pulses can lead to the emission of a photon pair, thus creating a ``time-bin-entangled'' state. Double pair emission can be avoided by initially preparing the emitter in a metastable state. We show how photons from separate emissions can be made indistinguishable, permitting their use for multiphoton interference. Possible realizations are discussed. The method might also allow the direct creation of $n$-photon entangled states ($n>2$).
1H NMR and FT-IR dataset based structural investigation of poly(amic acid)s and polyimides from 4,4′-diaminostilbene (2016)

Structural investigation of polymers by various available analytical methods is important in order to correlate the structure with polymer properties for which understanding of polymer structure is very important factor. The data presented here in this article shows the (1)H NMR spectra used for the characterization of prepared poly(amic acid)s (PAAs). It is often difficult to assigns the peak in NMR of polymers due to its complexity. Data presented here helps in assigning the proton peak in complex NMR of PAAs prepared from aromatic diamines. Further functionality in polymer chains can be confirmed by FT-IR spectra. Change in functionality during some reaction or process can be monitored by disappearance or appearance of peaks in FT-IR. The complete imidization of PAAs to Polyimides (PIs) is difficult to analyze because of the chemical stability i.e. insolubility of PIs in most of the solvent therefore the completion of imidization process was confirmed using FTIR.
Is Infusion of Subhypnotic Propofol as Effective as Dexamethasone in Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Related to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy? A Randomized Controlled Trial (2015)

We concluded that infusion of propofol 1 mg/kg/h is as effective as dexamethasone for the prevention of PONV during the first 24 hours after anesthesia in patients undergoing LC.
Identification of Specific In Vivo-Induced (<i>ivi</i>) Genes in<i>Yersinia ruckeri</i>and Analysis of Ruckerbactin, a Catecholate Siderophore Iron Acquisition System (2004)

This work reports the utilization of an in vivo expression technology system to identify in vivo-induced (ivi) genes in Yersinia ruckeri after determination of the conditions needed for its selection in fish. Fourteen clones were selected, and the cloned DNA fragments were analyzed after partial sequencing. In addition to sequences with no significant similarity, homology with genes encoding proteins putatively involved in two-component and type IV secretion systems, adherence, specific metabolic functions, and others were found. Among these sequences, four were involved in iron acquisition through a catechol siderophore (ruckerbactin). Thus, unlike other pathogenic yersiniae producing yersiniabactin, Y. ruckeri might be able to produce and utilize only this phenolate. The genetic organization of the ruckerbactin biosynthetic and uptake loci was similar to that of the Escherichia coli enterobactin gene cluster. Genes rucC and rupG, putative counterparts of E. coli entC and fepG, respectively, involved in the biosynthesis and transport of the iron siderophore complex, respectively, were analyzed further. Thus, regulation of expression by iron and temperature and their presence in other Y. ruckeri siderophore-producing strains were confirmed for these two loci. Moreover, 50% lethal dose values 100-fold higher than those of the wild-type strain were obtained with the rucC isogenic mutant, showing the importance of ruckerbactin in the pathogenesis caused by this microorganism.
Improved Mixed-Example Data Augmentation (2019)

In order to reduce overfitting, neural networks are typically trained with data augmentation, the practice of artificially generating additional training data via label-preserving transformations of existing training examples. While these types of transformations make intuitive sense, recent work has demonstrated that even non-label-preserving data augmentation can be surprisingly effective, examining this type of data augmentation through linear combinations of pairs of examples. Despite their effectiveness, little is known about why such methods work. In this work, we aim to explore a new, more generalized form of this type of data augmentation in order to determine whether such linearity is necessary. By considering this broader scope of "mixed-example data augmentation", we find a much larger space of practical augmentation techniques, including methods that improve upon previous state-of-the-art. This generalization has benefits beyond the promise of improved performance, revealing a number of types of mixed-example data augmentation that are radically different from those considered in prior work, which provides evidence that current theories for the effectiveness of such methods are incomplete and suggests that any such theory must explain a much broader phenomenon.
Instantaneous Binaural Target PSD Estimation for Hearing Aid Noise Reduction in Complex Acoustic Environments (2010)

Some hearing aid models such as the in-the-ear or in-the-canal model are small, and due to size constraints, only a single microphone per hearing aid can be fitted. As a result, only the single-channel noise reduction schemes can be integrated in them. However, in the near future, binaural hearing aids will be available. These hearing aids will allow hearing devices on each side of the head to receive information from the microphones located on both devices via a wireless link. This additional information allows the use of joint statistics and/or spatial information, which allows the use of better denoising methods. The main contribution of this paper is to introduce a binaural target power spectral density (PSD) estimator for binaural hearing aids under the presence of a background interfering talker (or a lateral transient noise). This paper then presents an example of how the proposed target PSD estimator and another recently developed binaural diffuse noise PSD estimator can be integrated to produce a binaural noise reduction scheme that can operate in real-life complex acoustic environments that are composed of time-varying diffuse noise, multiple directional nonstationary talkers (or noises), and reverberant conditions. Such a binaural noise reduction system allows the substantial reduction of different combinations of diverse background noises and the increase in speech intelligibility while guaranteeing the preservation of the interaural cues of both the target speech and the directional background noises. A comparison with several advanced denoising algorithms is made in this paper by using several objective measures and real-life hearing aid signals, showing the good performance of the example binaural noise reduction scheme that uses the proposed PSD estimator.
Scaling of the SOI field effect diode (FED) for memory application (2009)

Memory arrays consume a very large area in chip designs, yet memory cell scaling lags significantly transistor scaling. With transistor channel lengths in the nanoscale regime, the six transistor static random access memory cell (6T-SRAM) and the (one transistor/one capacitor) dynamic memory (DRAM) both suffer from excessive leakage current. Consequently, there is a widely recognized need for urgent progress in memory technology. The thin capacitively coupled thyristor (TCCT) based memory cell (T-RAMs) approach is a most promising, CMOS compatible alternative to the standard cell both for SRAM and DRAM cell designs. However, the T-RAMs demand the precise control of doping profiles of the p-n junctions so as to achieve correct breakdown characteristics. To address these difficulties, the authors explored the possibility of replacing the thyristor with a suitable field effect diode (FED), which displays similar current-voltage characteristics without suffering from the above technological drawbacks. In this paper, the scalability of the FED was studied and compare it with TCCT by numerical simulations.
Effect of konjac glucomannan on physicochemical properties of quinoa and maize starches (2019)

Abstract Background and objectives Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a nonionic polysaccharide that can be used in food products for improved functionalities. Quinoa is becoming a popular ingredient for food formulations due to its attractive functional and nutritional properties. To better understand the interactions of KGM in starch‐based systems, the effect of added KGM up to 20% on physicochemical properties of quinoa starch was studied and compared to that of maize starch. Findings Konjac glucomannan addition increased viscosities of both starches during pasting. The addition increased the swelling power and water solubility of the starches, while improving the gelation of starch pastes. KGM addition decreased the in vitro digestibility of raw and cooked starches. Comparative analysis showed that KGM affected the properties of the two starches to similar extents. Conclusions Konjac glucomannan can be used to modify the functionalities of starch. This study provides basis to use KGM for food formulations with quinoa and maize. Significance and novelty Konjac glucomannan could be used as a food additive in starch systems for rheological modifications and glycemic control regardless of the starch granule size.