gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Human Ocular Drusen Possess Novel Core Domains with a Distinct Carbohydrate Composition (1999)

Ocular drusen are extracellular deposits that form between the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and Bruch's membrane. Although the presence of large and/or numerous drusen in the macula is a significant risk factor for development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a major cause of irreversible blindness, little is known about their origin or composition. We have expanded on our previous investigations related to drusen-associated glycoconjugates by examining lectin binding patterns after removal of terminal sialic acid residues. Strikingly, intense and distinct labeling of drusen subdomains is revealed by Arachea hypogea agglutinin (PNA) after neuraminidase treatment. PNA binding is confined to discrete domains within both hard and soft drusen. These "cores" are positioned centrally within drusen and are typically juxtaposed to Bruch's membrane. Only one core per druse is observed. PNA labeling of drusen cores does not co-localize with associated lipids and is abrogated by digestion with O-glycosidase but not N-glycosidase. The association of cores with small drusen suggests that they may participate in drusen biogenesis. (J Histochem Cytochem 47:1533-1539, 1999)
Towards the use of a lower limb exoskeleton for locomotion assistance in individuals with neuromuscular locomotor deficits (2012)

The authors intend to utilize a lower limb exoskeleton for gait assistance in individuals with lower limb neuromuscular deficit. The authors suggest that two foundational elements are required to do so effectively. First, the exoskeleton system must be capable of reliable real-time gait phase detection, in order to determine the nature of gait assistance to provide. Second, in gait phases or circumstances in which the exoskeleton provides minimal assistance, the passive dynamics of the exoskeleton should not hinder the individual (i.e., should have the capability to minimally interfere with gait dynamics). As such, the exoskeleton system should be capable of actively compensating for its passive dynamics, namely the inertial, gravitational, and frictional effects it imposes on the user. This paper describes the implementation of these two foundational elements (real-time gait phase detection and active cancellation of passive dynamics) on a prototype lower limb exoskeleton, and provides experimental data demonstrating their respective efficacy.
High-Level Resistance to Gentamicin in Clinical Isolates of Enterococci (1983)

Nine clinical isolates of Streptococcus faecalis from a university hospital were found to be resistant to high levels (minimal inhibitory concentration, greater than 2,000 micrograms/ml) of gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, streptomycin, and kanamycin. The high-level resistance to these aminoglycosides and resistance to penicillin-aminoglycoside synergism were transferable by conjugation to a susceptible recipient strain. In three strains tested, the aminoglycoside resistance was mediated by four aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes: a 3'-phosphotransferase transferred from two strains, a 2"-phosphotransferase and a 6'-acetyltransferase transferred from all three strains, and a streptomycin adenylyltransferase transferred from two strains. This is the first report of the occurrence of high-level gentamicin resistance in enterococcal isolates from the United States.
Restoration of Defective Cross Talk in <i>ssi2</i> Mutants: Role of Salicylic Acid, Jasmonic Acid, and Fatty Acids in <i>SSI2</i>-Mediated Signaling (2003)

The Arabidopsis mutants ssi2 and fab2 are defective in stearoyl ACP desaturase, which causes altered salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated defense signaling. Both ssi2 and fab2 plants show spontaneous cell death, express PR genes constitutively, accumulate high levels of SA, and exhibit enhanced resistance to bacterial and oomycete pathogens. In contrast to constitutive activation of the SA pathway, ssi2 and fab2 plants are repressed in JA-mediated induction of the PDF1.2 gene, which suggests that the SSI2-mediated signaling pathway modulates cross talk between the SA and JA pathways. In this study, we have characterized two recessive nonallelic mutants in the ssi2 background, designated as rdc (restorer of defective cross talk) 2 and rdc8. Both ssi2 rdc mutants are suppressed in constitutive SA signaling, show basal level expression of PR-1 gene, and induce high levels of PDF1.2 in response to exogenous application of JA. Interestingly, while the rdc8 mutation completely abolishes spontaneous cell death in ssi2 rdc8 plants, the ssi2 rdc2 plants continue to show some albeit reduced cell death. Fatty acid (FA) analysis showed a reduction in 16:3 levels in ssi2 rdc8 plants, which suggests that this mutation may limit the flux of FAs into the prokaryotic pathway of glycerolipid biosynthesis. Both rdc2 and rdc8 continue to accumulate high levels of 18:0, which suggests that 18:0 levels were responsible for neither constitutive SA signaling nor repression of JA-induced expression of the PDF1.2 gene in ssi2 plants. We also analyzed SA and JA responses of the fab2-derived shs1 mutant, which accumulates levels of 18:0 over 50% lower than those in the fab2 plants. Even though fab2 shs1 plants were morphologically bigger than fab2 plants, they expressed PR genes constitutively, showed HR-like cell death, and accumulated elevated levels of SA. However, unlike the ssi2 rdc plants, fab2 shs1 plants were unable to induce high levels of PDF1.2 expression in response to exogenous application of JA. Together, these results show that defective cross talk in ssi2 can be restored by second site mutations and is independent of morphological size of the plants, cell death, and elevated levels of 18:0.
Preparation and in vivo absorption evaluation of spray dried powders containing salmon calcitonin loaded chitosan nanoparticles for pulmonary delivery (2013)

The sCT-CS-NPs with mannitol based spray dried powders were prepared to have appropriate aerodynamic properties for pulmonary delivery. The developed system was able to deliver sCT via a pulmonary route into the systemic circulation.
Budget 2019-20 and the way forward for welfare (2019)

With the Prime Minister set to announce the federal election date any day now, both major parties have painted a picture of the Australia they want. Treasurer Josh Frydenberg announced Australia was 'back in the black' and 'back on track', with a $7.1 billion surplus for 2019-20, growing over the subsequent two years before falling back in 2022-23.
Surface characterization of biomaterials : proceedings of the Symposium on Surface Analysis of Biomaterials, Ann Arbor, Michigan, June 21-24, 1987 (1988)

I. Perspectives. Biomaterials from a surface science perspective (B. Kasemo, J. Lausmaa). Surface characterization of biomaterials: How finely can we resolve surface structure? (B.D. Ratner). II. Tutorial Articles. Introduction to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (R.W. Paynter). The determination of the surface tensions of solid films (E. Sacher). Static secondary ion mass spectrometry: a new technique for characterization of biomedical polymer surfaces (D.G. Castner, B.D. Ratner). III. Techniques for Characterization of Biomolecules at Interfaces. Scanning electron stimulated desorption microscopy of biological and organic surfaces (J.H. Abrams, H.F. Dylla). Surface characterization of protein-coated polymer materials (D.R. Absolom). Weak and strong lipid-protein interactions characterized by the monolayer technique (F. Lamarche et al.). Waste microbial biomass as a de-emulsifying agent (R.P. Lyng, N. Kosaric). IV. Surface Characterization of Biomaterial Interfaces. Electron and vibrational spectroscopic studies of the surfaces of biocompatible materials (J.A. Gardella Jr. et al.). Preparation, surface spectroscopic and electron microscopic characterization of titanium implant materials (J. Lausmaa et al.). Surface spectroscopy of calcium phosphate ceramic and titanium implant materials (P. Ducheyne, K.E. Healy). XPS and related studies of a plasma modified contact lens co-polymer (D.W. Fakes et al.). V. Cell Interactions with Characterized Surfaces. The effect of surface topography on cell migration and adhesion (D.M. Brunette). The importance and measurement of surface charge species in cell behavior at the biomaterial interface (J.E. Davies). Erythrocyte adhesion to polymer surfaces: physicochemical and hydrodynamic factors (D.R. Absolom). VI. Surface Characterization of Block Copolymers of Biomedical Interest. Surface analysis of polyether and polysiloxane soft segment polyurethanes (K.G. Tingey et al.). Surface characteristics and antithrombogenicity of segmented copolymers with crystalline/amorphous microdomains (N. Yui et al.). Surface and bulk morphology of polyurethanes by electron microscopies (S.L. Goodman et al.). Surface degradation of biomedical polyurethanes (R.E. Marchant et al.). ESCA and static SIMS studies of polyurethane surfaces (B.D. Ratner et al.). Author Index. Subject Index.
Effects of L‐azetidine‐2‐carboxylic acid on matrix secretion and Golgi structure in fibroblasts and osteoblasts of the mouse (1985)

The effect of a proline analogue, L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (LACA), on collagenous matrix secretion by periodontal ligament fibroblasts and alveolar bone osteoblasts was studied by light and electron microscopic radioautography after injection of 3H-glycine; 3H-glycine labeled material accumulated in the cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and was not secreted for over 4 hours. The Golgi complex of both fibroblasts and osteoblasts showed a marked alteration of its composition after LACA administration. All Golgi saccules and collagen secretion granules disappeared within 2 hours. Flattened Golgi cisternae were still present and appeared to be unaffected by the administration of LACA. These observations indicate that Golgi saccules in collagen-secreting cells are the initial staging areas for the formation of collagen secretory granules and that there is a close correlation between form and function in the Golgi apparatus of collagen-secreting cells.
A Data-Driven Approach to Predict Default Risk of Loan for Online Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending (2015)

Online Peer-to-Peer (P2P) lending has achieved explosive development recently, which could be beneficial to both sides of individual lending. In this study, a data mining (DM) approach to predict the performance of P2P loan before funded is proposed. Using data from the Lending Club, we explore the characteristics of loan and its applicant and use random forest to do the feature selection in the modeling phase. The Difference from other risk prediction models is that the prediction is classified into three or four categories, rather than just two the default and not default classes. Then we compare five DM models: two decision trees (DTs), two neural networks (NNs) and one support vector machine (SVM) and use two metrics: average percent hit rate and area of the lift cumulative curve to evaluate the prediction results. The Empirical result shows that the term of loan, annual income, the amount of loan, debt-to-income ratio, credit grade and revolving line utilization play an important role in loan defaults. And SVM, Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and Multi-layer perceptron (MPL)'s prediction performance are almost equal.
Web Tap Payment Authentication and Encryption With Zero Customer Effort. (2014)

Abstract. We propose a public-key authentication and encryption ap-plication that secures the messages between Tap-Card-Pay application, Tap-Card-Pay Systems Corporation, customers, and merchants allowing the customer to complete transactions without requiring the customer to input sensitive information. With authentication and encryption, the application transfers the credit card information from the smartphone&apos;s near eld communication device onto the merchant webpage. Security weaknesses are also presented to show how to attack this design.
Lettuce‐produced hepatitis C virus E1E2 heterodimer triggers immune responses in mice and antibody production after oral vaccination (2017)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major etiologic agent for severe liver diseases (e.g. cirrhosis, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma). Approximately 140 million people have chronic HCV infections and about 500 000 die yearly from HCV-related liver pathologies. To date, there is no licensed vaccine available to prevent HCV infection and production of a HCV vaccine remains a major challenge. Here, we report the successful production of the HCV E1E2 heterodimer, an important vaccine candidate, in an edible crop (lettuce, Lactuca sativa) using Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression technology. The wild-type dimer (E1E2) and a variant without an N-glycosylation site in the E2 polypeptide (E1E2∆N6) were expressed, and appropriate N-glycosylation pattern and functionality of the E1E2 dimers were demonstrated. The humoral immune response induced by the HCV proteins was investigated in mice following oral administration of lettuce antigens with or without previous intramuscular prime with the mammalian HEK293T cell-expressed HCV dimer. Immunization by oral feeding only resulted in development of weak serum levels of anti-HCV IgM for both antigens; however, the E1E2∆N6 proteins produced higher amounts of secretory IgA, suggesting improved immunogenic properties of the N-glycosylation mutant. The mice group receiving the intramuscular injection followed by two oral boosts with the lettuce E1E2 dimer developed a systemic but also a mucosal immune response, as demonstrated by the presence of anti-HCV secretory IgA in faeces extracts. In summary, our study demonstrates the feasibility of producing complex viral antigens in lettuce, using plant transient expression technology, with great potential for future low-cost oral vaccine development.
Chest pain in general practice: incidence, comorbidity and mortality (2006)

Some causes of chest pain are underdiagnosed in primary care. This is of particular consequence for the minority of chest pain patients with cardiac disease.
Shape Memory Alloys for Aerospace, Recent Developments, and New Applications: A Short Review (2020)

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) show a particular behavior that is the ability to recuperate the original shape while heating above specific critical temperatures (shape memory effect) or to withstand high deformations recoverable while unloading (pseudoelasticity). In many cases the SMAs play the actuator's role. Starting from the origin of the shape memory effect, the mechanical properties of these alloys are illustrated. This paper presents a review of SMAs applications in the aerospace field with particular emphasis on morphing wings (experimental and modeling), tailoring of the orientation and inlet geometry of many propulsion system, variable geometry chevron for thrust and noise optimization, and more in general reduction of power consumption. Space applications are described too: to isolate the micro-vibrations, for low-shock release devices and self-deployable solar sails. Novel configurations and devices are highlighted too.
Attribute grammar paradigms—a high-level methodology in language implementation (1995)

Attribute grammars are a formalism for specifying programming languages. They have been applied to a great number of systems automatically producing language implementations from their specifications. The systems and their specification languages can be evaluated and classified according to their level of application support, linguistic characteristics, and degree of automation. A survey of attribute grammar-based specification languages is given. The modern advanced specification languages extend the core attribute grammar model with concepts and primitives from established programming paradigms. The main ideas behind the developed attribute grammar paradigms are discussed, and representative specification languages are presented with a common example grammar. The presentation is founded on mapping elements of attribute grammars to their counterparts in programming languages. This methodology of integrating two problem-solving disciplines together is explored with a classification of the paradigms into structured, modular, object-oriented, logic, and functional attribute grammars. The taxonomy is complemented by introducing approaches based on an implicit parallel or incremental attribute evaluation paradigm.
Navigating the lab-on-chip manufacturability roadblock: scalable, low-cost fluorescence detection for lab-on-chip instrumentation with rapid-prototyped microfluidics (2018)

Miniaturisation and automation of laboratory testing protocols onto microfluidic chips (lab-on-chip technology) could revolutionise diagnostic testing, though the key challenge of integrating high levels of functionality at a low-cost has so far prevented widespread adoption both in industry and academia. Specifically, implementation of a cost-accessible fluorescence detection has eluded the field and ensured nearly all commercial and academic instruments are too costly for routine applications. The field also faces a manufacturability problem, as it is dominated by expensive and/or low-throughput fabrication approaches. This thesis aims to address core concerns on both the instrument and fluidic chip fronts through the development of a low-cost fluorescence detection module capable of executing standard molecular diagnostics. The detection was inherently designed to interface with a series of rapid-prototyped polymer fluidics that I designed and fabricated with direct-write methods (micromilling and laser ablation) and minimal processing, allowing for quick iterations of fluidic designs while retaining compatibility with high throughput manufacturing procedures such as injection moulding. The result is a sub-$1000 prototype capable of executing gold-standard diagnostic testing at sub-$10 per chip, though the specific protocol development is still on-going. Finally, these components have been designed in a scalable manner such that it is feasible for future manufacturing to be done in a standard CMOS compatible process, a process that also faces manufacturability issues and high development costs that could be avoided by utilising these designs as prototyping testbeds. Thus, this work provides a roadmap from interim low-cost instrumentation and rapid-prototyping methods, through standard high volume polymer processing techniques, to a true single-chip device where the entire instrument may one day be fabricated at high volume in a USB-key sized package.
Effect of Low Temperature Plasma, Chlorination, and Polymer Treatments and Their Combinations on the Properties of Wool Fibers (1998)

In this study, wool fibers are treated with low temperature plasma, chlorination, polymer deposition, and their combinations. The treatments are classified into four categories for easy discussion. After the treatments, the surface properties in term of feltability, fiber damage, and dyeability are assessed and quantitatively discussed, and the relationships between the different properties are statistically assessed.
Components of Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. III Structures of two new isoprenylated flavonols, broussoflavonols C and D. (1986)

Two new isoprenylated flavonols, named brossoflavonols C (1) and D (2), were isolated from the extract of the root bark of Brossonetia papyrifera (L.) VENT. (Japanese name "Kazinoki", Moracese). The structures of brossoflavonols C and D were shown to be 1 and 2, respectively, on the basis of spectral evidence. The compounds (1 and 2) are the first reported examples of triakenyl flavonols.
A study of dielectric breakdown mechanism in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junction (2009)

We examined the breakdown characteristics of a 1-nm-thick MgO barrier by measuring the time dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) and conducting atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) observation. We found that two different local conduction modes, the percolation path and Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) tunneling, contribute to dielectric breakdown. Furthermore, the operating voltage of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) for maintaining reliability over ten years against dielectric breakdown was discussed.
Compact and High-Isolation Diplexer Using Dual-Mode Stub-Loaded Resonators (2014)

A novel compact microstrip diplexer for UMTS and WCDMA system is proposed in this letter. The diplexer is mainly composed of three dual-mode stub-loaded microstrip resonators. Two resonant modes of a stub-loaded resonator work together with one mode produced by the common stub-loaded resonator to form a passband or operating band of the proposed diplexer. Extensive study is then conducted on coupling scheme involved in various parts of the diplexer. In particular, the resonance of a resonator is employed to create a desired transmission zero in the stopband, thus improving the isolation between two passbands. The proposed diplexer is in final fabricated and measured. A good agreement between EM simulated and measured results evidently validates the proposed methodology.
Learning what to say and how to say it: Joint optimisation of spoken dialogue management and natural language generation (2010)

This paper argues that the problems of dialogue management (DM) and Natural Language Generation (NLG) in dialogue systems are closely related and can be fruitfully treated statistically, in a joint optimisation framework such as that provided by Reinforcement Learning (RL). We first review recent results and methods in automatic learning of dialogue management strategies for spoken and multimodal dialogue systems, and then show how these techniques can also be used for the related problem of Natural Language Generation. This approach promises a number of theoretical and practical benefits such as fine-grained adaptation, generalisation, and automatic (global) optimisation, and we compare it to related work in statistical/trainable NLG. A demonstration of the proposed approach is then developed, showing combined DM and NLG policy learning for adaptive information presentation decisions. A joint DM and NLG policy learned in the framework shows a statistically significant 27% relative increase in reward over a baseline policy, which is learned in the same way only without the joint optimisation. We thereby show that that NLG problems can be approached statistically, in combination with dialogue management decisions, and we show how to jointly optimise NLG and DM using Reinforcement Learning.
Surfactant self-diffusion in L3 phases (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSurfactant self-diffusion in L3 phasesA. Ott, W. Urbach, D. Langevin, and H. HoffmannCite this: Langmuir 1992, 8, 2, 345–347Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00038a001https://doi.org/10.1021/la00038a001research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views105Altmetric-Citations6LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts