gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discriminatory aptamer reveals serum response element transcription regulated by cytohesin-2 (2004)

Cytohesins are a family of highly homologous guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) that act on ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs). The small ARF-GEFs are involved in integrin signaling, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, and vesicle transport. Here, we selected and applied a specific inhibitor for ARF nucleotide-binding site opener (ARNO)/cytohesin-2, an RNA aptamer that clearly discriminates between cytohesin-1 and cytohesin-2. This reagent bound to an N-terminal segment of cytohesin-2 and did not inhibit ARF-GEF function in vitro. When transfected into HeLa cells, it persisted for at least 6 h without requiring stabilization. Its effect in vivo was to down-regulate gene expression mediated through the serum-response element and knockdown mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, indicating that cytohesin-2 acts by means of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. We conclude that the N-terminal coiled-coil and parts of the Sec7 domain of cytohesin-2 are required for serum-mediated transcriptional activation in nonimmune cells, whereas cytohesin-1 is not. Our results indicate that intramer technology can be used not only for assigning novel biological functions to proteins or protein domains but also to prove nonredundancy of highly homologous proteins.
A Mesoporous Pt/TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoarchitecture with Catalytic and Photocatalytic Functions (2005)

A novel metal/semiconductor nanocomposite with catalytic and photocatalytic functions has been prepared. The new material consists of highly dispersed platinum (Pt) nanoparticles embedded in a cubic mesoporous nanocrystalline anatase (meso-nc-TiO2) thin film. The porous thin film possesses a narrow pore-size distribution and a large surface area. The diameter of the Pt cluster can be controlled to below 5 nm, and the high dispersion of these clusters gives rise to catalytic activity for the oxidation of carbon monoxide, an important reaction for automobile exhaust treatment. This novel ordered mesoporous Pt/TiO2 nanoarchitecture is also a promising photochemical material, as demonstrated by the photo-driven killing of Micrococcus lylae cells on the film.
Study on the Axis of small Opening and Closing Movement of the Mandible in and around Intercuspal Position (2nd. Report) (1979)

To investigate the mounting method of the cast to the articulator using inter occlusal record with a certain thickness for the aim to realize the intercuspal position, we studied the axis of habitual small opening and closing motion of the mandible, using 5 dentulous subjects who are normal in stomatognathic system.We sought for position and displacement distance of “N” axis which is smallest moveing point when mandible takes habitual opening and closing motions, “H” axis which is the smallest moving point when mandible takes terminal hinge motion and “C” axis which is average condyle point.Further more we analyzed mathematically anteropostero gap in anterior region based on positional difference between the axis used mounting and “N” axis. The results were as follows:1.“N” axis existed 4.5 mm anterioly, 50.5 mm posterioly, 2.5 mm-5.2 mm inferioly from “C” axis. The position of “N” axis had a variety among subjects.2. Displacement area of “N” axis in habitual small opening and closing motion of the mandible is the smallest of the other and is 1/1.4-1/27.0 compared with “C” axis and 1/1.3-1/48.6 compared with “H” axis.3. Not exceeding 0.2mm displacement of “N” axis is so small that “N” axis is valuable as mounting axis of the cast to the articulator and also “N” axis is valuable compared with “H” axis.4. Antero-postero gap in anterior region based on positional difference between the axis used mounting and “N” axis tend to be greater when “N” axis appear postero-inferior position and supro-anterior position from the articulator axis by mathematical analysis.5. Mathematical analysis shows farly large error when mounting without true mandibular opening and closing axis, therefore using “N” axis lead desirable result.
Slippy and sticky microtextured solids (2003)

The aim of this paper is to describe the possibility of achieving super-hydrophobic materials by tailoring their surface topography. Water droplets easily slip or roll down on such surfaces. However, it is found that microtextures on a solid can generate sticky surfaces as well, and the conditions for avoiding such an effect are discussed.
[The characteristics of phallotoxin-specific antibodies studied by immunization with a phallacidin-concanavalin A conjugate]. (1990)

High titre antiserum was obtained by immunization of rabbits with phalacidine-concanavaline A. Specific antiphalacidine antibodies were isolated from this serum on immobilized phalacidine. It was established by testing with antirabbit globulin sera that these antibodies were of IgG class only. IgG fraction was isolated from the immune serum by ion-exchange chromatography, but specific antibodies, which represented 8% of IgG of the serum, were isolated from it by affinity chromatography. The antibodies isolated by affinity, were tested against other phalatoxines and amotoxines. The results showed that they reacted with phalatoxines, but not with amatoxines and could be used in tests for quantitative determination of phalatoxines in mushroom extracts and body fluids.
Nonsquarelaw behavior of diode detectors analyzed by the Ritz-Galerkin method (1994)

It is widely believed that diode detectors exhibit true square-law behavior at low power levels, and that at higher power levels there is a gradual change to a linear (peak-detecting) law. This paper demonstrates that this idea is correct only under restrictive conditions, and that slopes corresponding to eighth and higher-order laws can easily be encountered in practical situations. It is shown that these high-order slopes are inherent in conventional diode detector circuits and that the behavior can be predicted by a closed-form solution involving both exponential and modified Bessel functions. The nonlinear theory, which does not depend on a truncated power-series approximation to the diode I-V characteristic, is confirmed by measured data.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
GH secretion by arginine stimulus: the effect of both low doses and oral arginine administered before standard test. (1980)

Small arginine doses (2 ml of 10% - 200 mg - arginine monohydrochloride i.v. administered) are capable of provoking a significant GH secretion. No correlation was found between GH peak observed after this administration and that observed after a standard arginine stimulus (24.8 g) performed subsequently. GH response to a standard arginine stimulus was blunted, differently from the response to insulin stimulus, by a previous oral arginine administration.
Novel aspects of G‐protein‐coupled receptor signalling – different ways to achieve specificity (2007)

Our understanding of signal transduction via G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) has developed dramatically during the last decades. The initial idea of linear signalling pathways transferring information from the cell membrane to the nucleus has evolved into a complicated network of signalling pathways offering the possibility of crosstalk, fine tuning and specific regulation at multiple levels. During the recent meeting on GPCRs at the Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm novel aspects of GPCR signalling were presented and discussed. Here, we will discuss several possibilities for GPCRs to achieve specificity in signal transduction, such as the phenomenon of biased agonism, receptor multimerization, the role of co-receptors, the regulation of heterotrimeric G proteins as well as multiple G(s)-dependent pathways to extracellular single-regulated protein kinases.
Optofluidic wavelength division multiplexing for single-virus detection (2015)

Optical waveguides simultaneously transport light at different colors, forming the basis of fiber-optic telecommunication networks that shuttle data in dozens of spectrally separated channels. Here, we reimagine this wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) paradigm in a novel context--the differentiated detection and identification of single influenza viruses on a chip. We use a single multimode interference (MMI) waveguide to create wavelength-dependent spot patterns across the entire visible spectrum and enable multiplexed single biomolecule detection on an optofluidic chip. Each target is identified by its time-dependent fluorescence signal without the need for spectral demultiplexing upon detection. We demonstrate detection of individual fluorescently labeled virus particles of three influenza A subtypes in two implementations: labeling of each virus using three different colors and two-color combinatorial labeling. By extending combinatorial multiplexing to three or more colors, MMI-based WDM provides the multiplexing power required for differentiated clinical tests and the growing field of personalized medicine.
Mono and Sequential Bis Solid Phase Alkylations of a (R)-Phenylglycinol Derived Pyrrolidinone Scaffold (2001)

The preparation of piperidine-and pyrrolidinone-like polymer supported (R)-phenylglycinol derived scaffolds is described.Alkylation reactions were performed as a model transformation of these templates on the solid support which highlight some specific limitations in the use of (R)phenylglycinol on the resin.Whereas the polymer supported piperidine was completely void of reactivity, alkylation of the pyrrolidinone counterpart proceeded with good yield, purity and control of mono-over bis-alkylation but with low diastereomeric excess.Substituted heterocyclic compounds which offer a high degree of structural and conformational diversity provide a major target in medicinal chemistry because of their potential in the drug discovery process.[4] Thus far only few attempts of using chiral auxiliaries on the solid phase have been reported. 5We are currently investigating the use of immobilized (R)-phenylglycinol or its enantiomer and in this
Enhancing one-class support vector machines for unsupervised anomaly detection (2013)

Support Vector Machines (SVMs) have been one of the most successful machine learning techniques for the past decade. For anomaly detection, also a semi-supervised variant, the one-class SVM, exists. Here, only normal data is required for training before anomalies can be detected. In theory, the one-class SVM could also be used in an unsupervised anomaly detection setup, where no prior training is conducted. Unfortunately, it turns out that a one-class SVM is sensitive to outliers in the data. In this work, we apply two modifications in order to make one-class SVMs more suitable for unsupervised anomaly detection: Robust one-class SVMs and eta one-class SVMs. The key idea of both modifications is, that outliers should contribute less to the decision boundary as normal instances. Experiments performed on datasets from UCI machine learning repository show that our modifications are very promising: Comparing with other standard unsupervised anomaly detection algorithms, the enhanced one-class SVMs are superior on two out of four datasets. In particular, the proposed eta one-class SVM has shown the most promising results.
Fundamental characteristics of arc extinction by magnetic blow-out at DC voltages (&#x003C;500V) (2014)

Various DC power supply systems such as photovoltaic power generation, fuel cell etc. have become gradually popular. Under such circumstances switches for electric appliances have to interrupt DC current in DC power systems (for example, DC 300-400V) DC current is much more difficult to be interrupted than AC current which has current-zero, so magnetic blow-out is usually used to extinguish arc discharge. In this paper a model switch is developed with three levels of magnetic blow-out, and gap width and arc length at arc extinction are obtained by a high-speed camera in range of current less than 5 A and voltage lower than 500V. These results are compared with those without magnetic blow-out and the followings can be made clear. When the contacts open, the gap width and arc length at extinction are much shorter than those without magnetic blow-out. As the interrupted current increases, the gap width at arc extinction approaches almost the same value, which is independent of source voltage and separation velocity. However, the arc length at extinction has a minimum value in case of source voltages of 300 and 500V, while the arc length becomes longer with interrupted current increase in case of source voltage of 100V.
Dynamic changes in effective connectivity characterized by variable parameter regression and kalman filtering (1998)

Attention to visual motion can increase the responsiveness of the motion-selective cortical area V5 and the posterior parietal cortex. We addressed attentional modulation of effective connectivity using variable parameter regression and functional magnetic resonance imaging. We present data from a single subject scanned under identical stimulus conditions (visual motion) while varying only the attentional component of the task. Variable parameter regression of the influence of V5 on PP revealed increased effective connectivity during attention to visual motion. With this dynamic measure of effective connectivity we were able to make inferences about the source of modulation by looking for regions that predicted the observed changes in connectivity. Using an ordinary regression analysis, we showed that activity in the prefrontal cortex could explain these changes and was sufficient to account for these modulatory influences on connections in the dorsal visual pathway.
Dynamic Runtime Methods to Enhance Private Key Blinding. (2013)

In this paper we propose new methods to blind exponents used in RSA and in elliptic curves based algorithms. Due to classical differential power analysis (DPA and CPA), a lot of countermeasures to protect exponents have been proposed since 1999 Kocher [20] and by Coron [13]. However, these blinding methods present some drawbacks regarding execution time and memory cost. It also got some weaknesses. Indeed they could also be targeted by some attacks such as The Carry Leakage on the Randomized Exponent proposed by P.A. Fouque et al. in [23] or inefficient against some others analysis such as Single Power Analysis. In this article, we explain how the most used method could be exploited when an attacker can access test samples. We target here new dynamic blinding methods in order to prevent from any learning phase and also to improve the resistance against the latest side channel analyses published.
Blind estimation of symbol timing and carrier frequency offset in wireless OFDM systems (2001)

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems are highly sensitive to synchronization errors. We introduce an algorithm for the blind estimation of symbol timing and carrier frequency offset in wireless OFDM systems. The proposed estimator is an extension of the Gini-Giannakis (see IEEE Trans. Commun., vol.46, p.400-411, 1998) estimator for single-carrier systems. It exploits the cyclostationarity of OFDM signals and relies on second-order statistics only. Our method can be applied to pulse shaping OFDM systems with arbitrary time-frequency guard regions, OFDM based on offset quadrature amplitude modulation, and biorthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems. We furthermore propose the use of different subcarrier transmit powers (subcarrier weighting) and periodic transmitter precoding to achieve a carrier frequency acquisition range of the entire bandwidth of the OFDM signal, and a symbol timing acquisition range of arbitrary length. Finally, we provide simulation results demonstrating the performance of the new estimator.
<title>Virtual environment for training in microsurgery</title> (1999)

Microsurgery is a well-established medical field, and involves repair of approximately 1mm vessels and nerves under an operating microscope in order to reattach severed fingers or transfer tissue for reconstruction. Initial skill sin microvascular surgery are usually developed in the animal lab and subsequently in the operating room. Development of these skills typically requires about 6 months of animal based training before additional learning takes place in the operating room.
Role of Ca2+/CaMK II in Ca(2+)-induced K+ channel inhibition in rat CCD principal cell (1995)

The apical low-conductance K+ channel of rat cortical collecting duct (CCD) is inhibited by increased intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. This effect has been shown to be mediated at least in part by activation of protein kinase C (PKC). In the present study, we used the patch-clamp technique to examine the role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) in mediating the Ca(2+)-induced inhibitory effect. In cell-attached patches of principal cells of rat tubules, clamping of intracellular Ca2+ concentration at 400 nM by using 1 microM ionomycin reduced channel activity to 26.5% of the control value. A further reduction in channel activity, to 8.8% of the control value, was observed following the addition of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), an agent known to activate PKC. Pretreatment of cells with KN-62 (CaMK II inhibitor) or GF-109203X (PKC inhibitor) attenuated the inhibitory effect of Ca2+ on K+ channel activity (83.2 and 50.7% of the control value, respectively). Even in the presence of KN-62, addition of 10 microM PMA significantly decreased channel activity to 57.2% of the control value. The Ca(2+)-induced inhibition was completely abolished by simultaneous incubation with both KN-62 and GF-109203X. In inside-out patches, addition of 20 micrograms/ml CaMK II in the presence of a PKC inhibitor reduced channel activity to 66.2% of control values. It is concluded that CaMK II is involved in mediating the Ca(2+)-induced inhibition of the activity of the apical K+ channel of rat CCD.
Cellulose (Dissolving Pulp) Manufacturing Processes and Properties: A Mini-Review (2016)

The increasing consumption of regenerated cellulose, in particular the viscose fiber, has led to a significant development of dissolving pulps in the last decade. In this review paper, the current status of dissolving pulp with respects to raw materials, manufacturing processes, and some key issues are discussed. Non-wood materials and the process concept of upgrading paper-grade pulp into dissolving pulp are also included. Some recent developments related to the analytical methods of the purity and molecular weight distribution based on the ion chromatography and gel permeation chromatography are discussed. Finally, further processing improvements of purification, such as mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic treatment, and their combinations during the manufacturing process of dissolving pulp, are included.
<i>MeshFlow</i> (2011)

The construction of polygonal meshes remains a complex task in Computer Graphics, taking tens of thousands of individual operations over several hours of modeling time. The complexity of modeling in terms of number of operations and time makes it difficult for artists to understand all details of how meshes are constructed. We present MeshFlow , an interactive system for visualizing mesh construction sequences. MeshFlow hierarchically clusters mesh editing operations to provide viewers with an overview of the model construction while still allowing them to view more details on demand. We base our clustering on an analysis of the frequency of repeated operations and implement it using substituting regular expressions. By filtering operations based on either their type or which vertices they affect, MeshFlow also ensures that viewers can interactively focus on the relevant parts of the modeling process. Automatically generated graphical annotations visualize the clustered operations. We have tested MeshFlow by visualizing five mesh sequences each taking a few hours to model, and we found it to work well for all. We have also evaluated MeshFlow with a case study using modeling students. We conclude that our system provides useful visualizations that are found to be more helpful than video or document-form instructions in understanding mesh construction.
Speech coding in the auditory nerve: III. Voiceless fricative consonants (1984)

Responses of auditory-nerve fibers in anesthetized cats were recorded for synthetic voiceless fricative consonants. The four stimuli (/x/, /s/, /s/, and /f/) were presented at two levels corresponding to speech in which the levels of the vowels would be approximately 60 and 75 dB SPL, respectively. Discharge patterns were characterized in terms of PST histograms and their power spectra. For both stimulus levels, frequency regions in which the stimuli had considerable energy corresponded well with characteristic-frequency (CF) regions in which average discharge rates were the highest. At the higher level, the profiles of discharge rate against CF were more distinctive for the stimulus onset than for the central portion. Power spectra of PST histograms had large response components near fiber characteristic frequencies for CFs up to 3-4 kHz, as well as low-frequency components for all fibers. The relative amplitudes of these components varied for the different stimuli. In general, the formant frequencies of the fricatives did not correspond with the largest response components, except for formants below about 3 kHz. Processing schemes based on fine time patterns of discharge that were effective for vowel stimuli generally failed to extract the formant frequencies of fricatives.
Duodenal nonheme iron content correlates with iron stores in mice, but the relationship is altered by Hfe gene knock-out (2003)

Hereditary hemochromatosis is a common iron-loading disorder found in populations of European descent. It has been proposed that mutations causing loss of function of HFE gene result in reduced iron incorporation into immature duodenal crypt cells. These cells then overexpress genes for iron absorption, leading to inappropriate cellular iron balance, a persistent iron deficiency of the duodenal mucosa, and increased iron absorption. The objective was to measure duodenal iron content in Hfe knock-out mice to test whether the mutation causes a persistent decrease in enterocyte iron concentration. In both normal and Hfe knock-out mice, duodenal nonheme iron content was found to correlate with liver iron stores (P <.001, r = 0.643 and 0.551, respectively), and this effect did not depend on dietary iron levels. However, duodenal iron content was reduced in Hfe knock-out mice for any given content of liver iron stores (P <.001).