gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of a mobile storage leveraging the DRAM interface (2016)

Storage I/O performance remains a key factor that determines the overall user experience of a computer system. This is especially true for mobile systems as users commonly browse and navigate through many high-quality pictures and video clips stored in their device. The appetite for more appealing user interface has continuously pushed the mobile storage interface speed up; emerging UFS 2.0 standard provisions a maximum bandwidth of as high as 1,200 MB/s. In this work, we propose, design, and implement a mobile storage architecture that leverages the high-speed DRAM interface for communication, thus substantially expanding the storage performance headroom. In order to effectively turn the existing DRAM interface into a storage interface, we design a new storage protocol that runs on top of the DRAM interface. Our protocol builds on a small host interface buffer structure mapped to the system's memory space. Based on this protocol, we develop and fabricate a storage controller chip that natively supports the LPDDR3 interface. We also develop a host software stack (Linux device driver and boot loader) and a host platform board. Finally we show the feasibility of our proposal by constructing a full Android system running on the developed storage device and platform. Our detailed evaluation shows that the proposed storage architecture has very low protocol handling overheads and compares favorably to a UFS 2.0 device. The proposed architecture obviates the need for implementing a separate host-side storage controller on a mobile CPU chip.
Structure from Forward Motion (2010)

This master thesis investigates the difficulties of constructing a depth map using one low resolution grayscale camera mounted in the front of a car. The goal is to produce a depth map in real-time ...
A "sandwich" solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for lutropin in urine. (1984)

In this "sandwich" technique of enzyme immunoassay for lutropin in urine, a highly purified lutropin-specific anti-gamma-globulin is conjugated with alkaline phosphatase. The conjugate is then extensively purified to remove free enzyme and free antibody molecules. The solid phase consists of anti-lutropin immune globulin coupled to polystyrene tubes or beads. The specific antibody on the solid phase binds the lutropin in the urine sample or in the standard solution, which in turn binds to the specific antibody conjugated to the enzyme. The amount of bound enzyme, which is determined colorimetrically, is thus directly proportional to the amount of lutropin in the sample. We optimized assay conditions and report them here. The sensitivity of the assay is equal to that of radioimmunoassay and almost 10-fold that of the hemagglutination inhibition assay. The test can be used to detect the pre-ovulatory surge of lutropin in women.
Remote sensing to control respiratory viral diseases outbreaks using Internet of Vehicles (2020)

Abstract The respiratory viral diseases, such as those caused by the family of coronaviruses, can be extremely contagious and spread through saliva droplets generated by coughing, sneezing, or breathing. In humans, the most common symptoms of the infection include fever and difficulty in breathing. In order to reduce the diffusion of the current “Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)” pandemic, the Internet of Things technologies can play an important role; for instance, they can be effectively used for implementing a real‐time patient tracking and warning system at a city scale. Crucial places to install the tracking IoT devices are the public/private vehicles that, augmented with multiple connectivity solutions, can implement the Internet of Vehicles paradigm. In such ubiquitous network environment, vehicles are equipped with a variety of sensors, including regular cameras that can be replaced with thermal cameras. Therefore, this article proposes a new design for widely detecting respiratory viral diseases that leverages IoV to collect real‐time body temperature and breathing rate measurements of pedestrians. This information can be used to recognize geographic areas affected by possible COVID‐19 cases and to implement proactive preventive strategies that would further limit the spread of the disease.
An architecture and implementation of MPEG audio layer III decoder using dual-core DSP (2001)

A new architecture for the MP3 decoding system is proposed and implemented. The proposed system is based on a processor employing a dual-core (DSP and RISC) architecture. The MP3 decoding algorithm is implemented using the DSP core with high accuracy, and the RISC core performs bitstream buffering and system control in conjunction with a user interface. The system with this configuration can support an efficient parallel processing between DSP and RISC cores, so that it is possible to minimize the computational overhead. The implemented system employs a flash memory card for the storage, and it has a file management system that is compatible with PC. Also, it supports all sampling rates and data rates specified in MPEG-1/2 standards. The MP3 decoder developed is suitable for portable communication devices such as cellular telephones since it features high audio quality, low-power consumption and cost effectiveness.
Development and distribution of functional electrical stimulator for foot drop for Thais (2015)

Functional electrical stimulation has been introduced for over five decade to help paralyzed patients regain some lost functions. The technology, however, still does not exist in Thailand. The high cost of imported devices makes it unaffordable for most Thai people. The purpose of this project is to develop the FES technology for the country. Our device IS a common peroneal nerve stimulator for foot-drop correction. The project was initiated by multidisciplinary afford among researchers at Mahidol University. We are mass producing the low-cost portable FES devices for Thai people.
Critical Infrastructure Monitoring System (2021)

Paper describes an optical fiber-based sensing system to monitor events along and/or about various objects like railway lines, product lines and object perimeters. Complex architecture of the system involving interrogating nodes, configuration and event data nodes, control center and supervising center is presented. System properties are described. The system was designed and built and results obtained from real application are presented.
3D Shear wave imaging: A simulation and experimental study (2010)

The wave equation describing shear wave propagation in three-dimensional (3-D) viscoelastic media is solved numerically with a finite differences time domain (FDTD) method. Solutions are simulated in terms of scatterer velocity waves and verified via comparison to 3-D experimentally acquired wave fields in a heterogenous hydrogel phantom. The numerical algorithm is used as a tool to study wave refraction occurring at the surface of heterogeneities and its effect on complex shear modulus estimation. We used an algebraic reconstruction technique for direct inversion of the wave equation to image the shear modulus and study artifacts produced when reconstructing moduli from 2-D and 3-D velocity data. Although 3-D velocity estimates are required in general, there are object geometries where 2-D reconstructions provide accurate estimations of the material properties.
Origin of quasi-constant pre-exponential factors for adatom diffusion on Cu and Ag surfaces (2007)

Many-body interaction potentials from the embedded atom method with two functionals and electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory and the plane-wave pseudopotential method are used to calculate the pre-exponential factors for self-diffusion of adatoms via hopping on Cu(100) and Ag(100) surfaces with and without steps. The pre-exponential factors are found to be in the range of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}∕\mathrm{s}$ for all investigated processes regardless of whether substrate vibrational dynamics are included or omitted. When substrate dynamics are ignored, compensation effects between stiffening and softening of the vibrational frequencies of the diffusing atom are responsible for this quasi-constant pre-exponential. When these dynamics are included, subtle cancellations in the vibrational free energy make the local contribution of the diffusing atom the dominant one.
Specialized proresolving mediator targets for RvE1 and RvD1 in peripheral blood and mechanisms of resolution (2011)

Inflammation when unchecked is associated with many prevalent disorders such as the classic inflammatory diseases arthritis and periodontal disease, as well as the more recent additions that include diabetes and cardiovascular maladies. Hence mechanisms to curtail the inflammatory response and promote catabasis are of immense interest. In recent years, evidence has prompted a paradigm shift whereby the resolution of acute inflammation is a biochemically active process regulated in part by endogenous PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid)-derived autacoids. Among these are a novel genus of SPMs (specialized proresolving mediators) that comprise novel families of mediators including lipoxins, resolvins, protectins and maresins. SPMs have distinct structures and act via specific G-protein seven transmembrane receptors that signal intracellular events on selective cellular targets activating proresolving programmes while countering pro-inflammatory signals. An appreciation of these endogenous pathways and mediators that control timely resolution opened a new terrain for therapeutic approaches targeted at stimulating resolution of local inflammation. In the present review, we provide an overview of the biosynthesis and actions of resolvin E1, underscoring its protective role in vascular systems and regulating platelet responses. We also give an overview of newly described resolution circuitry whereby resolvins govern miRNAs (microRNAs), and transcription factors that counter-regulate pro-inflammatory chemokines, cytokines and lipid mediators.
CORDIC Based Implementation of the Softmax Activation Function (2020)

Interest has been renewed in the domain of neuromorphic circuits, with the emergence of Deep Neural Networks as the leading model for various classification tasks. In this work, we present a CORDIC based implementation for one of the most important layers, the Softmax layer. The layer is particularly complex for CMOS implementations due to the requirement for multiple evaluations of the exponential function in calculating the output of this layer. We apply the CORDIC method for computing the exponent and the binary division algorithm for calculating the output. It is shown via experiments that our approach for realizing the Softmax function simultaneously out-performs existing implementations using McLaurin series approximations and Padé polynomial approximations from literature in three key metrics: timing, area, and accuracy. We also investigate an inverse form of the Softmax function that avoids the division operation. The implementation can be used to realize the Softmax activation in both ASIC and FPGA implementations of large scale neuromorphic circuits.
Anti-aliasing in topological color spaces (1986)

The power of a color space to perform well in interpolation problems such as anti-aliasing and smooth-shading is dependent on the topology of the color space as well as the number of elements it contains.We develop the Major-minor color space, which has a topology and representation that lends itself to simple anti-aliasing computations between elements of an arbitrary set of colors in an inexpensive frame store.
The new Automated Mass Spectrometry Deconvolution and Identification System (AMDIS) (1998)

This column has not dealt with mass spectrometric issues since 1991–3.1 This five year lapse needs to be redressed and the recent release of the NIST’98 mass spectral library seemed a good opportunity. At a recent meeting at NIST in Washington I had the pleasure of meeting with Gary Mallard and Steve Stein who are amongst the staff responsible for the new NIST’98 release of the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library.2 The new release has been extensively updated, quality controlled and is far larger than earlier versions. There is now a series of helpful utilities shipped with the package amongst which is a powerful program called the Automated Mass Spectrometry Deconvolution and Identification System (AMDIS) written for analysing Gas Chromatography (GC) or Liquid Chromatography (LC) Electron Ionisation Mass Spectral data sets. This new program has been developed using US government funds over a two year period to provide a badly needed resource for policing the Chemical Weapons Convention.3 The aim of the development was to provide better analysis interfaces for GC/MS and LC/MS data sets. An additional module was provided by the Ministry of Defense of Israel which provides additional “match factors” for making chemical identifications. Six speciality target libraries are installed which consist of selected spectra from the 130,000 in the full NIST/EPA/NIH library:
Bioefficacy of Mentha piperita essential oil against dengue fever mosquito Aedes aegypti L (2011)

The peppermint essential oil is proved to be efficient larvicide and repellent against dengue vector. Further studies are needed to identify the possible role of oil as adulticide, oviposition deterrent and ovicidal agent. The isolation of active ingredient from the oil could help in formulating strategies for mosquito control.
Dicamba Antagonizes Grass Weed Control with Imazethapyr by Reducing Foliar Absorption (1996)

Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effects of tank-mixing the sodium salt of dicamba (Na-dicamba) with imazethapyr on the efficacy and foliar absorption of imazethapyr, applied with non-ionic surfactant (NIS) or methylated seed oil (MSO), by shattercane, giant foxtail, and large crabgrass. The effects of various salt formulations of dicamba and the addition of ammonium sulfate on efficacy, 14 C-absorption and on foliar spray retention by the same species were also evaluated. Na-dicamba antagonized imazethapyr efficacy by reducing 14 C-absorption. Using MSO instead of NIS prevented antagonism when Na-dicamba was applied at 70 and 140 g/ha and reduced the severity of the antagonism at greater application rates by greatly increasing 14 C-absorption compared to NIS. Reductions in 14 C-absorption and spray retention were due to the salt formulations of dicamba rather than the parent acid. The addition of ammonium sulfate prevented dicamba antagonism of imazethapyr toxicity to grassy weeds by maintaining 14 C foliar absorption and spray retention at normal levels.
Analysis of a Zener-triggered bipolar ESD structure in a BiCMOS technology (2002)

A Zener-triggered bipolar ESD structure has been designed in a BiCMOS technology for use as a supply clamp. The current at which the structure snaps back is found to depend on the applied pulse width due to a self-heating effect.
Inertial and Interceptional Deposition of Fibers in a Bifurcating Airway (1996)

A computer model of a three-dimensional bifurcating airway was constructed in which the parent and daughter airways had different lengths but equal diameters. A diameter of 0.6 cm was chosen for the airways based on the third generation of Weibel's symmetric lung model. Different bifurcation angles of 60 degrees, 90 degrees, and 120 degrees were studied. Airflow fields in the airway were obtained by a finite-element method (FIDAP, Fluid Dynamics International, Evanston, IL) for Reynolds numbers of 500 and 1000, assuming uniform parent inlet velocities. The equations of motion for fiber transport in the airways were obtained, and deposition by the combined mechanisms of impaction and interception was incorporated. A computer code was developed that utilized the flow field data and calculated fiber transport in the airways using the equations of motion for fibers. Deposition efficiency was obtained by simulating a large number of fibers of various sizes. Fiber entering the daughter airways tended to orient themselves parallel to the flow. A site of enhanced deposition (or hot spot) was observed at the carina. The dominant parameter for the deposition was the fiber Stokes number. Flow Reynolds number and airway bifurcation angle were also found to affect the deposition.
Development of monoclonal antibodies and quantitative ELISAs targeting insulin-degrading enzyme (2009)

We succeeded in developing novel mAbs that selectively detect rodent and/or human IDE, which we have shown to be suitable for a wide range of applications, including western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative sandwich ELISAs. These novel anti-IDE mAbs and the assays derived from them constitute important new tools for addressing many unresolved questions about the basic biology of IDE and its role in multiple highly prevalent human diseases.
Control of reflectance and transmittance in scattering and curvilinear hyperbolic metamaterials (2012)

We demonstrate reduced reflectance in curvilinear lamellar hyperbolic metamaterials as well as planar hyperbolic metamaterials consisting of metal/dielectric multilayers, with scatterers deposited on the top. The reduced reflectance is accompanied by a significant enhancement in transmission along with non-reciprocity of transmittance in forward and backward propagating directions. The observed experimental behavior is qualitatively similar to the results of numerical solutions of Maxwell equations. The findings of this study pave the way to a variety of important applications, including broadband enhancement of light trapping in photovoltaic devices.
A new approach to fragment assembly in DNA sequencing (2001)

For the last twenty years fragment assembly in DNA sequencing followed the “overlap - layout - consensus” paradigm that is used in all currently available assembly tools. Although this approach proved to be useful in assembling clones, it faces difficulties in genomic shotgun assembly: the existing algorithms make assembly errors and are often unable to resolve repeats even in prokaryotic genomes. Biologists are well-aware of these errors and are forced to carry additional experiments to verify the assembled contigs.
Sequence-Based Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks (2007)

We introduce a novel sequence-based localization technique for wireless sensor networks. We show that the localization space can be divided into distinct regions that can each be uniquely identified by sequences that represent the ranking of distances from the reference nodes to that region. For <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> reference nodes in the localization space, combinatorially, <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">O</i> ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> ") sequences are possible, but we show that, due to geometric constraints, the actual number of feasible location sequences is much lower: only <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">O</i> ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">n</i> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> ). Using these location sequences, we develop a localization technique that is robust to random errors due to the multipath and shadowing effects of wireless channels. Through extensive systematic simulations and a representative set of real mote experiments, we show that our lightweight localization technique provides comparable or better accuracy than other state-of-the-art radio signal strength-based localization techniques over a range of wireless channel and node deployment conditions.
Storage lipid accumulation and acyltransferase action in developing flaxseed (2005)

Investigations of storage lipid synthesis in developing flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) provide useful information for designing strategies to enhance the oil content and nutritional value of this crop. Lipid content and changes in the FA composition during seed development were examined in two cultivars of flax (AC Emerson and Vimy). The oil content on a dry weight basis increased steadily until about 20 d after flowering (DAF). The proportion of alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-18:3, 18:3cisDelta9,12,15) in TAG increased during seed development in both cultivars while the proportions of linoleic acid (18:2cisDelta9,12) and saturated FA decreased. The developmental and substrate specificity characteristics of microsomal DAG acyltransferase (DGAT, EC 2.3.1.20) and lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT, EC 2.3.1.51) were examined using cultivar AC Emerson. The maximal acyltransferase specific activities occurred in the range of 8-14 DAF, during rapid lipid accumulation on a per seed basis. Acyl-CoA of EPA (20:5cisDelta5,8,11,14,17) or DHA (22:6 cis4,7,10,13,16,19) were included in the specificity studies. DGAT displayed enhanced specificity for alpha-18:3-CoA, whereas the preferred substrate of [PAAT was 18:2-CoA. Both enzymes could use EPA- or DHA-CoA to varying extents. Developing flax embryos were able to take up and incorporate these nutritional FA into TAG and other intermediates in the TAG-formation pathway. This study suggests that if the appropriate acyl-CoA-dependent desaturation/elongation pathways are introduced and efficiently expressed in flax, this may lead to the conversion of alpha-18:3-CoA into EPA-CoA, thereby providing an activated substrate for TAG formation.
Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica (2013)

Background. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severely disabling autoimmune disorder of the CNS, which mainly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. However, recent studies have shown that extra-opticospinal are more common in NMO than previously thought. Objective. To investigate olfactory function (OF) in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) versus healthy controls (HC). Methods. Psychophysical testing of the orthonasal OF was performed using the Threshold-Discrimination-Identification test (TDI), measuring different qualities of olfaction, in 10 unselected NMO patients and 10 HC. Results. Five of 10 NMO patients (50%) showed hyposmia, while all 10 HC were normosmic. Moreover, NMO patients had significantly lower mean TDI-scores compared to HC, based on a poorer performance in both the Discrimination and the Identification subtests. Conclusions. Our results suggest that hyposmia might be part of the expanding clinical spectrum of NMO.