gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Depth-aware template tracking for robust patient motion compensation for interventional 2-D/3-D image fusion (2013)

In interventional radiology, pre-operative three dimensional (3-D) images (e.g. CT and MRI) can be fused to the real-time 2-D fluoroscopic images, known as 2-D/3-D image fusion or overlay. 2-D/3-D registration is usually performed at the beginning to ensure an accurate overlay. However, the misalignment caused by patient motion has to be corrected during the procedure. In this paper, we propose an adapted template-based tracking approach that fits well into the novel depth-layer-based framework, where 3-D motion can be estimated by depth-aware tracking in 2-D X-ray images. Templates are generated according to the 2-D/3-D matching procedure, where the 2-D features are matched with the depth layer images generated from the 3-D volume. Our template update strategy takes both initial and current frame into account, which effectively enhances the accuracy of the template tracking. Two strategies are applied to enhance robustness against external disturbances: template lock and motion estimation feedback. The experiment results show that our new approach is capable of estimating 3-D motion and much more robust against external disturbances compared to the Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi tracker that is previously used in the depth-layer-based framework.
Arginyl Residues: Anion Recognition Sites in Enzymes (1977)

Chemical modification with 2,3-butanedione in borate buffer indicates that nine of ten glycolytic enzymes studied contain arginyl residues at their active sites. Fructose-1,6-diphosphatase also has arginines at its binding site for the allosteric inhibitor, adenosine monophosphate. These and other data suggest that, as a general rule, enzymes acting on anionic substrates or cofactors will probably contain arginyl residues as components of their ligand binding sites. This could account in part for the relatively infrequent occurrence of arginine in proteins.
Collagen synthesis by mesenchymal stem cells and aortic valve interstitial cells in response to mechanical stretch (2006)

Collagen synthesis by valve interstitial cells is dependent upon the degree and duration of stretch. This response can be mimicked closely by exposure of mesenchymal stem cells to the same stretching profile. These properties could have important implications for the choice of cells and programme of conditioning with which to tissue engineer heart valves.
Multicomponent (4C) towed-streamer design for high signal fidelity recording (2012)

A multicomponent (4C) towed-streamer that measures not only scalar pressure wavefields, but also the three components of P-wave particle motion, was proposed by Robertsson et al. (2008). These new measurements may be used to perform joint interpolation and deghosting of the pressure wavefield, and open the possibility to reconstruct the seismic wavefield at any point between streamers using both pressure and the crossline component of the pressure gradient. To be able to put these proposed applications in practice, good fidelity of the 4C measurement is needed. We study the effects of the streamer mechanical design on the signal fidelity, review the sensor requirements, and present data examples from a 4C multicomponent streamer, demonstrating the possibility to record high signal fidelity in such a 4C multicomponent towed streamer.
A Mechanically and Electrically Self‐Healing Supercapacitor (2014)

The first mechanically and electrically self-healing supercapacitor has been successfully fabricated. It exhibits excellent self-healing performance with the restoration of the specific capacitance up to 85.7% of its original value even after the 5th mechanical cutting. This achievement may provide a way to expand the lifetime of future energy storage devices and endow them with desirable economic and human safety attributes, as well as promote the development of next-generation self-healing electronics. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Protective role of melatonin on PCB (Aroclor 1254) induced oxidative stress and changes in acetylcholine esterase and membrane bound ATPases in cerebellum, cerebral cortex and hippocampus of adult rat brain (2008)

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are one of the environmental toxicants and neurotoxic compounds which induce the production of free radicals leading to oxidative stress. Membrane proteins that control ion gradients across organellar and plasma membranes appear to be particularly susceptible to oxidation induced changes. Melatonin plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases as an antioxidant and neuroprotector. The aim of this study was to determine the protective role of melatonin on PCB (Aroclor 1254) induced changes in activities of membrane bound ATPases and acetylcholine esterase in selected brain regions of adult rats. Group I: rats intraperitoneally (i.p.) administered corn oil (vehicle) for 30 days. Group II: rats injected i.p. with Aroclor 1,254 (PCB) at 2mg/kg bw/day for 30 days. Groups III and IV: rats intraperitoneally received melatonin (5 or 10mg/kg bw/day) simultaneously with Aroclor 1,254 for 30 days. Groups V and VI: rats intraperitoneally received melatonin (5 or 10mg/kg bw/day) alone for 30 days. After 30 days, rats were sacrificed and the brain regions were dissected to cerebral cortex (Cc), cerebellum (C) and hippocampus (H). Lipid peroxidation (LPO), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), hydroxyl radical (OH) and the activities of Na(+)K(+) ATPase, Ca(2+) ATPase, Mg(2+) ATPase and acetyl cholinesterase were determined. Reduced glutathione (GSH) level was also determined. Melatonin levels in serum was measured by enzyme labeled immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Activities of all the enzymes and GSH level were decreased while an increase in H(2)O(2), OH and LPO were observed in brain regions of PCB treated animals. Melatonin levels in serum was decreased in PCB exposed animals. Exogenous melatonin supplementation retrieved all the parameters, significantly. These results suggest that PCB alters membrane bound ATPases and cholinergic function by inducing oxidative stress in brain regions, which can be protected by melatonin.
Future trends and conclusions (2007)

One of the observations with which this book started was that outsourcing is by no means a new phenomenon. Rather, it was argued that outsourcing is almost “as old as the hills.” Several older examples of outsourcing were also discussed. Outsourcing is an inherent feature of the way we organize ourselves. The question whether we will continue to see outsourcing is, therefore, a nonsensical one. There has been, is, and will continue to be outsourcing as long as firms and markets are around, regardless of whether markets are islands in a sea of firms (Simon, 1991) or firms are the anomaly to be explained (Coase, 1937; Williamson, 1975). Outsourcing, in many ways, is an artifact of the economy at large, and certainly of any economy that progresses beyond the hunter-gatherer stage.
A Profile for U. S. Federal Cryptographic Key Management Systems (2015)

The Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes the U.S. economy and public welfare by providing technical leadership for the Nation's
Effects of glycosaminoglycan polysulphate on the organisation of collagen fibres in experimentally induced tendonitis in horses (2009)

An inflammatory process was induced by intratendinous injection of bacterial collagenase into the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) of the left thoracic limb of 10 horses. One week later, the tendons in five of the horses (group 1) were treated with glycosaminoglycan polysulphate (GAGPS), and the tendons of the other five (group 2) were treated with saline solution. The horses were euthanased 150 days after the collagenase injections, and samples of the SDFTs were frozen at -14 degrees C, sectioned at 5 to 7 mum longitudinally and transversely, and stained by the picrosirius red method. Morphometric analysis was used to quantify the organised and disorganised bundles of collagen in the samples from groups 1 and 2. Significantly more organised bundles of collagen were observed in the tendons treated with GAGPS.
CB1 cannabinoid receptors mediate endochondral skeletal growth attenuation by Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (2015)

The endocannabinoid (EC) system regulates bone mass. Because cannabis use during pregnancy results in stature shorter than normal, we examined the role of the EC system in skeletal elongation. We show that CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors are expressed specifically in hypertrophic chondrocytes of the epiphyseal growth cartilage (EGC), which drives vertebrate growth. These cells also express diacylglycerol lipases, critical biosynthetic enzymes of the main EC, and 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG), which is present at significant levels in the EGC. Femora of CB1‐ and/or CB2‐deficient mice at the end of the rapid growth phase are longer compared to wild‐type (WT) animals. We find that Δ 9 ‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) slows skeletal elongation of female WT and CB2‐, but not CB1‐, deficient mice, which is reflected in femoral and lumbar vertebral body length. This in turn results in lower body weight, but unaltered fat content. THC inhibits EGC chondrocyte hypertrophy in ex vivo cultures and reduces the hypertrophic cell zone thickness of CB1‐, but not CB2‐, deficient mice. These results demonstrate a local growth‐restraining EC system in the EGC. The relevance of the present findings to humans remains to be studied.
Beyond 5G With UAVs: Foundations of a 3D Wireless Cellular Network (2018)

In this paper, a novel concept of three-dimensional (3D) cellular networks, that integrate drone base stations (drone-BS) and cellular-connected drone users (drone-UEs), is introduced. For this new 3D cellular architecture, a novel framework for network planning for drone-BSs and latency-minimal cell association for drone-UEs is proposed. For network planning, a tractable method for drone-BSs' deployment based on the notion of truncated octahedron shapes is proposed, which ensures full coverage for a given space with a minimum number of drone-BSs. In addition, to characterize frequency planning in such 3D wireless networks, an analytical expression for the feasible integer frequency reuse factors is derived. Subsequently, an optimal 3D cell association scheme is developed for which the drone-UEs' latency, considering transmission, computation, and backhaul delays, is minimized. To this end, first, the spatial distribution of the drone-UEs is estimated using a kernel density estimation method, and the parameters of the estimator are obtained using a cross-validation method. Then, according to the spatial distribution of drone-UEs and the locations of drone-BSs, the latency-minimal 3D cell association for drone-UEs is derived by exploiting tools from an optimal transport theory. The simulation results show that the proposed approach reduces the latency of drone-UEs compared with the classical cell association approach that uses a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) criterion. In particular, the proposed approach yields a reduction of up to 46% in the average latency compared with the SINR-based association. The results also show that the proposed latency-optimal cell association improves the spectral efficiency of a 3D wireless cellular network of drones.
The Fixed/Detachable Implant Provisional Prosthesis (1997)

Interim modification and management of a complete denture following surgical uncovering of dental implants can be time-intensive and may fail to provide adequate patient benefit until the definitive prosthesis can be completed. Inadequate interim management can result in functional and tissue difficulties. Modification of the conventional complete denture to a fixed/detachable provisional prosthesis in a one-stage procedure provides the patient an opportunity to experience a fixed prosthesis. The incorporation of fixed, provisional cylinders to the existing denture base using autopolymerizing acrylic resin with a closed-mouth technique is described. The peripheral regions are reduced and the distal extension shortened to resemble a fixed/detachable prosthesis. This conversion technique can provide patient satisfaction and comfort until delivery of the definitive prosthesis. Esthetic concerns, home care problems, or patient difficulties with the provisional prosthesis can be rectified in the final prosthesis.
Pubovaginal Sling Procedure for the Management of Urinary Incontinence After Urethral Trauma in Women (1987)

Traumatic urethral injury in women occurs less frequently than in men and urinary incontinence is a serious potential complication in women. Two female patients are described in whom post-traumatic urinary incontinence resulted from either direct trauma to the urethra or from injury to the innervation of the urethra. Both patients were treated successfully with the pubovaginal sling procedure that directly compresses an incompetent proximal urethra.
Enhanced circulatory parameters of human platelets cryopreserved with second‐messenger effectors: an <i>in vivo</i> study of 16 volunteer platelet donors (1999)

Platelet transfusion represents an important component of the therapy for thrombocytopenic patients. Prolonged storage capabilities for platelets would alleviate many problems associated with blood banking. Unfortunately, current cryopreservation methods are complex to implement and result in loss of cell number and functional activity. Previous in vitro studies have shown that the use of ThromboSolTM, a platelet-stabilizing formulation, in the cryopreservation of platelets results in significant retention of cell number and in vitro functional activities in addition to reducing the DMSO requirement to only 2%. We evaluated the in vivo circulatory parameters of platelets cryopreserved with ThromboSol. Single donor platelet units were obtained from healthy volunteers (n = 16); the units were then split and cryopreserved with either ThromboSol and 2% DMSO or 6% DMSO alone. Following storage at -80 degrees C for 7-10 d the samples were thawed, washed and radiolabelled with either 51Cr or 111In. The paired samples were then mixed and reinfused into the autologous volunteer. At various time intervals following transfusion a blood sample was drawn and the quantity of circulating labelled platelets was determined. The percent recovery and survival time was determined by multiple-hit analysis. The ThromboSol-treated platelets, as compared to the 6% DMSO-treated platelets, displayed statistically higher percent recovery (40.2% v 28.8%) and survival time (166.3 h v 152.1 h). These results demonstrated that platelets cryopreserved with ThromboSol displayed superior in vitro and in vivo characteristics as compared to the standard 6% DMSO method. The use of ThromboSol allowed for a 3-fold reduction in the DMSO concentration in conjunction with a 40% increase in circulating cell number and normal survival times.
Development and application of a metaheuristic optimization procedure integrated with simulation for a bus transit system (2008)

A metaheuristic optimization procedure integrated with discrete event simulation (DES) is proposed in this work. The procedure was applied to the operation of the bus fleet owned by Al-Oroba Transportation Company in Amman, Jordan. The fleet operation was modeled and simulated using ARENA® software. Two key performance indicators (KPIs) were defined to validate the developed model and characterize system performance; namely the bus activity ratio (BAR) and the average waiting time in the queue (AWT). Improvement in system performance was achieved by optimizing the number of buses and ticket cashiers in the system subject to some bound constraints. Aiming at maximizing the net profit, an optimal solution was reached at a total number of buses of 28 and one ticket cashier in the system. Simulation values of BAR and AWT parameters were improved maximum by +88.9% and -35.6%, respectively, compared to the actual system.
The diabetic foot and the role of a multidisciplinary clinic (1996)

A report of the success achieved by a multidisciplinary team working in a specialist clinic in reducing the incidence of ulceration and the number of lower limb amputations.
Query-Aware Test Generation Using a Relational Constraint Solver (2008)

We present a novel approach for black-box testing of database management systems (DBMS) using the Alloy tool-set. Given a database schema and an SQL query as inputs, our approach first formulates Alloy models for both inputs, and then using the Alloy Analyzer, it generates (1) input data to populate test databases, and (2) the expected result of executing the given query on the generated data. The Alloy Analyzer results form a complete test suite (input/oracle) for verifying the execution result of a DBMS query processor. By incorporating both the schema and the query during the analysis, our approach performs query-aware data generation where executing the query on the generated data produces meaningful non-empty results. We developed a prototype tool, ADUSA, and used it to evaluate our approach. Experimental results show the ability of our approach to detect bugs in both open-source as well as commercial database management systems.
Distributions and heat equation in $SDG$ (2006)

RESUME.Cet article expose une th6orie synth6tique des distribu- tions (qui ne sont pas necessairement a support compact).On com- pare cette th6orie avec la th6orie classique de Schwartz.Cette com- paraison s'effectue par un plongement plein de la cat6gorie des es- paces vectoriels convenables (et leurs applications lisses) dans cer- tains gros topos, modeles de la gomtrie synth6tique diff6rentielle.
Congestion avoidance in S-CSCF selection in an IMS network (2010)

In the signaling plane of an IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) network, the interrogating Call/Session Control Function (I-CSCF) is required to choose the serving CSCF (S-CSCF) for user requests arriving at the proxy CSCFs (P-CSCF). This requires S-CSCF selection in such a way that the response time is minimized. However, in an overloaded situation, the P-CSCF entry points for arriving requests must balance between rejecting new requests and having an acceptable response time from S-CSCF for those that are allowed to enter. In this setting, we consider a number of controls for congestion avoidance that work in conjunction with S-CSCF selection in an IMS Network. For balancing between rejection of requests and the response time, we also propose a composite metric. Through our studies on grid topologies, we observe that one of the avoidance algorithms, the bang-bang control, generally shows to be the most promising toward striking a good balance between rejection of requests and the response time.
Integrating Sensor Networks for Energy Monitoring with Service-Oriented Architectures (2013)

More accurate predictions of energy consumption are a strong motivator for utility providers to deploy a smart grid infrastructure. However, measurements which only reflect the consumption of a household lose the details associated with the behaviour of individual devices. Finding a flexible and efficient way to process these readings is essential. Using standard application techniques to integrate device-oriented sensor networks and data-oriented applications is a serious challenge due to the architectural gap between the different approaches. Additionally, this device-level information should be shared with the end-users in a trusted manner to increase their energy awareness. We propose a novel platform for the smart grid which enables the seamless integration of sensor networks with a service-oriented architecture approach. The platform hides the device-specific details from the applications and transforms data into a device-independent format. Specifically, we present an in-depth description of the architecture of our platform and a full implementation and evaluation of it in a live residential energy management deployment.
Aminophylline for the Prevention of Apnea During Prostaglandin E1 Infusion (2003)

Aminophylline was effective for the prevention of apnea and intubation for apnea associated with PGE1 in infants with ductal-dependent congenital heart disease.
Magnetostriction in spin valves (1999)

We report an accurate method for the measurement of the saturation magnetostriction λs of thin conducting ferromagnetic films using spin valve structures. We describe an alternative to the cantilever beam method, called the bending method, which utilizes the inverse magnetostrictive effect. Typical soft ferromagnetic films exhibit hysteretic magnetization loops, which make the measurements of the magnetoelastic energy (hence λs) imprecise or erroneous. We show how to resolve the hysteresis problem by application of a transverse field. We also demonstrate the quantitative connection between the cantilever and bending method in a comparative study of films spanning a large magnetostriction range. The sensitivity of measurement of magnetostriction using the bending method is better than 1×10−7.