gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[Application of immunomagnetic separation to E. coli O157 : H7 detection]. (2009)

In the present paper, the capture efficiencies of four different proportions of E. coli O157 : H7 and immunomagnetic beads (IMB) (1 : 6.34, 1 : 12.69, 1 : 25.38 and 1 : 30.07) and three different proportions of E. coli O157 : H7 and Bacillus subtilis (0.3 mL : 0.1 mL, 0.2 mL : 0.2 mL and 0.1 mL : 0.3 mL) were compared, with the total volume and capacity of IMB remaining constant. It was revealed that the capture efficiency could reach 100% when the proportion of E. coli O157 : H7 and IMB was 1 : 30, meaning that almost all targets E. coli O157 : H7 could be captured at 1 : 30, and that the capture efficiency decreased and then increased with the number of Bacillus subtilis increasing. Moreover, the combination of ATP bioluminescence and IMS was correlated well with conventional culture methods, R2 = 0.9882, and the detection limit was as low as 10(2) CFU x mL(-1).
Properties of the rapeseed oil methyl esters and comparing them with the diesel oil properties (2011)

The paper presents theoretical analysis of the properties of the rapeseed oil methyl esters and comparing them with the diesel oil properties. The essential differences in the physic-chemical properties have been emphasised, such as: Cetane number, viscosity, density, fraction content, calorific value and temperature properties of the rapeseed oil methyl esters in respect to the diesel oil. The influence of individual properties of fuels on the combustion needs to be comprehensively approached, taking into account mutual relationships between individual characteristics of diesel oil. The numbers of the basic fuel properties depend on the fractional content, such as: viscosity, density, Cetane number or surface tension influencing the course of the physic-chemical processes taking place in the self ignition engine and the combustion. The influence of many fuel properties on the combustion process is sometimes contradictory. The range of the fuel’s influence on the combustion depends also on the thermodynamic parameters of the engine. The new and current problem concerning the fuels for the self ignition engines is an introduction into the operation of the rapeseed oil esters and their mixtures with the Diesel oil are an object of the paper. The question, how will the vegetable oils affect the combustion process, remains open.
Biodegradable Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration Combined with Drug-Delivery Systems in Osteomyelitis Therapy (2017)

A great deal of research is ongoing in the area of tissue engineering (TE) for bone regeneration. A possible improvement in restoring damaged tissues involves the loading of drugs such as proteins, genes, growth factors, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory drugs into scaffolds for tissue regeneration. This mini-review is focused on the combination of the local delivery of antibiotic agents with bone regenerative therapy for the treatment of a severe bone infection such as osteomyelitis. The review includes a brief explanation of scaffolds for bone regeneration including scaffolds characteristics and types, a focus on severe bone infections (especially osteomyelitis and its treatment), and a literature review of local antibiotic delivery by the combination of scaffolds and drug-delivery systems. Some examples related to published studies on gentamicin sulfate-loaded drug-delivery systems combined with scaffolds are discussed, and future perspectives are highlighted.
Composite metric <i>R</i><sub>2</sub> − <i>R</i><sub>1ρ</sub> (1/<i>T</i><sub>2</sub> − 1/<i>T</i><sub>1ρ</sub>) as a potential MR imaging biomarker associated with changes in pain after ACL reconstruction: A six‐month follow‐up (2016)

This study looked to investigate a new quantitative metric, R<sub>2</sub> - R<sub>1ρ</sub> (1/T<sub>2</sub> - 1/T<sub>1ρ</sub> ), using magnetic resonance (MR) images and voxel-based relaxometry (VBR) for detecting early cartilage degeneration and explore the association with patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) in patients 6 months after ACL reconstruction. Sixty-four patients from three sites were bilaterally scanned on a 3T MR with a combined T<sub>1ρ</sub> /T<sub>2</sub> protocol to calculate R<sub>1ρ</sub> (1/T<sub>1ρ</sub> ) and R<sub>2</sub> (1/T<sub>2</sub> ) values at baseline and 6 months after reconstructive surgery. Non-rigid registration was applied to align images onto a template, allowing VBR to determine VBR rate differences and explore cross-sectional and longitudinal differences between injured and uninjured knees, generating Statistical Parametric Maps (SPMs). Baseline R<sub>2</sub> - R<sub>1ρ</sub> differences were further correlated with change in PROMs from the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) from baseline to 6 months. Cross-sectional results demonstrated low relaxation rate differences in the injured patella (baseline: 21%, p = 0.01; 6-months: 18%, p = 0.02), lateral tibia (baseline: 25%, p = 0.01; 6-months: 24%, p = 0.01), and weight-bearing regions of the tibia and femur. The uninjured patella showed significant longitudinal changes (17%, p = 0.02). R<sub>2</sub> - R<sub>1ρ</sub> differences showed significant correlations with KOOS PROMs, particularly in the lateral tibia, patella, and trochlea. R<sub>2</sub> - R<sub>1ρ</sub> difference VBR analyses provide new and highly sensitive parameters for assessing early cartilage degeneration in patients after ACL injury by integrating findings from both T<sub>1ρ</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> , commonly used relaxation time parameters, into a single metric. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:718-729, 2017.
Management of <i>Fusarium</i> keratitis and its associated fungal iris nodule with intracameral voriconazole and amphotericin B (2013)

A retrospective case report on the management of a 56-year-old man who was diagnosed with Fusarium keratitis with an associated iris fungal nodule. He presented with persistent right ocular pain, redness, photophobia and reduced vision following an injury six weeks earlier. Conservative management with topical antibiotics and intracameral injections was successfully used to treat a rare case of Fusarium keratitis with an associated fungal iris nodule. The patient had complete resolution of his vision. Therefore, conservative management of the fungal nodule is a successful therapy without the risk of anterior chamber dissemination, which may occur with surgical resection.
Structural Changes of Atrial Myocardium due to Sustained Atrial Fibrillation in the Goat (1997)

Sustained AF in goats leads to predominantly structural changes in the atrial myocytes similar to those seen in ventricular myocytes from chronic hibernating myocardium. These structural changes may explain the depressed contractile function of atrial myocardium after cardioversion. This goat model of AF offers a new approach to study the cascade of events leading to sustained AF and its maintenance.
A Comparison of Culturing Drag Swabs and Litter for Identification of Infections with Salmonella spp. in Commercial Chicken Flocks (1981)

The use of a culture of a 5-g litter sample and the use of drag swab to detect Salmonellae infections in broiler and parent breeding flocks were compared to determine sensitivity of the techniques. The methods were equally sensitive in 32 breeding houses. Both identified the same sheds as being contaminated, and the identical serotypes were recovered. In broiler flocks, however, contamination of 7 of 13 sheds was detected with drag swabs, whereas only 5 were detected by litter culture. In a repeat experiment in broiler sheds, 3 sheds were detected as positive by the culture of litter, 9 by drag-swab culture. All sheds found positive by culture of cacae at processing had been identified by drag-swab culture during the life of the broilers. It was concluded that drag-swab culture was a reliable and cheap method of monitoring large numbers of chicken flocks for infections with Salmonella spp.
Characterization of a lung‐cancer‐associated auto‐antigen (1992)

An antigen, protein X (Px), was purified from immune complexes isolated from malignant pleural effusions from patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung by EDTA treatment, PEG 8000 precipitation, protein A affinity chromatography, and Sephadex G-200 separation in the presence of 3 M NaCl. The purified antigen had a M(r) 17,000 by SDS-PAGE, and consisted of isoelectric species of pI 6.3 and 6.6. Purified Px recombined with Ig isolated from pleural fluids from patients with lung adenocarcinoma, but not with Ig from patients with breast carcinoma. Using an autologous human and heterologous chicken antibody, Px was found, by immunohistology, in the cytoplasm of some of the well-differentiated lung adenocarcinoma cells, but was not seen in normal lung or a variety of other malignant tissues. A liquid-phase competitive-inhibition RIA was developed. Over 30 ng/ml of Px were found in 9 of 15 pleural fluids from patients with lung carcinoma, none of 20 from patients with breast, ovary, stomach or colon cancer, and in 3 of 15 patients with unknown primary tumor. Our data suggest that Px may be a lung-cancer-associated autoantigen which can elicit a host humoral response in vivo.
[Estimating the treatment and diagnostic and surgical work of the medical service army unit]. (2003)

To improve the objective quantitative evaluation of treatment-and-diagnostic work in the force link of the medical service the complex analysis of surgical work was conducted in 22 medical subunits. The urgency and informativity of the three indices of treatment-and-diagnostic work are substantiated: the number of completed treatment cases in the force link (%), the average treatment duration in the force link (days), the number of complications (%). The methods of index calculation are presented. The indices proposed allow to evaluate the treatment-and-diagnostic work in the force link of medical service much completely and to optimize the assessment of medical care quality at the pre-hospital stage.
Making Tunnel Barriers (Including Metals) Transparent (2006)

The classical "brick wall," which may, according to quantum mechanics, leak via tunneling, is here shown to be completely transparent when appropriate impedance matching media are placed both in front of and behind the "wall." Optical experiments involving beyond-critical-angle-tunnel barriers in the frustrated total internal reflection scheme which mimic quantum mechanical systems provide convincing proof of this remarkable effect. The same mechanism also allows vastly enhanced transmission through unstructured thin metal films without the need for surface wave excitation.
A Low-Cost Medium-Resolution Rangefinder Based on the Self-Mixing Effect in a VCSEL (2005)

This paper focuses on a compact self-aligned noncontact laser rangefinder using a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) exposed to optical feedback. By directly modulating the injection current, a number of mode hops occur due to the optical power reinjected in the laser cavity by reflections from the target located in front of the sensor. These reflections are detected by a simple signal processing of the current produced by the monitoring photodiode placed in the same package as the laser. The distance between the target and the laser is proportional to the number of mode hops. Distance measurement can be achieved simply by counting the number of mode hops during a period of the current modulation. The advantage of using a VCSEL over other laser sources is its very low price compared to expensive distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser diodes. The resolution obtainable, even if lower than with a DBR source, may, however, be sufficient for most purposes. To our knowledge, it is the first time a VCSEL is used in such a sensor.
Extended −10 Motif Is Critical for Activity of the<i>cspA</i>Promoter but Does Not Contribute to Low-Temperature Transcription (2005)

Bacterial promoters belonging to the extended -10 class contain a conserved TGn motif upstream of the -10 promoter consensus element. Open promoter complexes can be formed on some extended -10 Escherichia coli promoters at temperatures as low as 6 degrees C, when complexes on most promoters are closed. The promoter of cspA, a gene that codes for the major cold shock protein CspA of E. coli, contains an extended -10 motif. CspA is dramatically induced upon temperature downshift from 37 to 15 degrees C, and its cold shock induction has been attributed to transcription, translation, and mRNA stabilization effects. Here, we show that though the extended -10 motif is critical for high-level expression of cspA, it does not contribute to low-temperature expression. In fact, transcription from the wild-type cspA promoter is cold sensitive in vitro and in vivo. Thus, transcription appears to play little or no role in low-temperature induction of cspA expression.
An intelligent notification system using context from real-time personal activity monitoring (2015)

People can now receive custom-made information through smartphones, tablets or wearable devices. However, people often tend to miss vital information, even reminders, in the flood of notifications. The problem of finding convenient moments for need-to-know information should be investigated. Because each person's message awareness pattern on a smart medium might be different, the necessity of personalized notification time should be emphasized. We believe that tracking changes in a user's physical activity and other contextual factors will reveal the most convenient moments. We propose a mobile framework, smartNoti, to carefully examine the user environment. The main contributions of our framework are: 1) developing an architecture to provide crucial information in a timely manner at a recognizable moment; 2) integrating, processing, training, and storing personalized latent features from heterogeneous data streams; 3) detecting user context transitions that might provide recognizable and available moments; and 4) predicting these moment and providing a notification message. The experimental validation on Intelligent Callback Reminder, which we implemented on an android application to notify a user missed or rejected call, demonstrates that our approach is effective. We believe that our findings can lead to intelligent strategies to issue unobtrusive notifications on today's smart phones at no extra cost, by using sensors and contextual factors.
Dysphagia in the elderly: a learning experience for those new to this field (1995)

ABSTRACT A service review was undertaken at a recently opened 163‐bed hospital for acute care of the elderly (aged 65+) against a background of changing roles with dysphagia patients, a perceived increase of ‘swallow’ referrals, and multidisciplinary concern as to their management. The review showed that 73% of referrals followed a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and, as a result, a project was set up with the Dietetics Department to develop an integrated and comprehensive service for the diagnosis, referral and management of elderly stroke patients with dysphagia. This was funded by the South West Regional Health Authority Audit Group.
Battery-Efficient Location Change Detection for Smartphone-Based Travel Data Collection: A Wi-Fi Fingerprint Approach (2016)

With the advance of smartphone technology and prevalence of smartphone ownership, numerous apps are being made available in the market to enhance the quality of our life. In transportation, a plethora of apps have been developed by researchers to collect trip and activity data for travel mode detection, trip experience, and traveler behavior analysis. However, one fundamental concern about the smartphone-based data collection apps is the battery power consumption. When the battery power depletes rapidly from continuous operation of multiple sensors (especially the GPS receiver) on the smartphone, the requirement (and inconvenience) of frequent battery recharge often outweighs the potential benefit of using those apps. In this work, the authors present an approach to conserving smartphone’s battery power using the information from the surrounding Wi-Fi networks, i.e., using the Wi-Fi signal fingerprint technique. In particular, the authros build upon the SmarTrAC app (recently developed by our research group). This smartphone app is designed to incorporate smartphone sensing with advanced statistical and machine learning techniques to automatically detect, identify, and summarize attributes of a traveler’s daily trips and activities. The current approach to battery conservation employed by SmarTrAC was to implement a motion detection procedure using the smartphone’s accelerometer. Specifically, SmarTrAC turns off the GPS sensor to conserve battery power when no motion is detected for a period of time (i.e., no need to track the location if the person is not moving). Similarly, the app restarts the GPS sensor upon detected motion, which is an indicator that a new trip may be starting. However, the authors find that motion detection alone is an insufficient (and less reliable) indicator for handling the GPS sensor, especially for indoor settings, as it often creates false alarms due to non-trip related phone use or movement. In this work, the authors propose to use two indices, Jaccard and normalized weighted signal level change (NWSLC), using the Wi-Fi signal fingerprint technique to detect a location change. Both measures are computed based on the information about the received Wi-Fi signal strength, obtaining which is substantially less demanding on the smartphone battery than obtaining continuous GPS information. The proposed measures were implemented on a test app for verification and validation. Experiments were conducted at 10 different indoor locations (representing potential trip origins) to determine the appropriate numeric thresholds for location change detection. The results suggest that proposed Wi-Fi fingerprint methodology can reliably detect the change of a person’s location prior to resuming the GPS service for trip data collection.
Real-time flood forecasting of Huai River with flood diversion and retarding areas (2008)

Xin'anjiang 模型，的降雨流量模块的联合 Muskingum 路由方法，模仿 hydrologic 方法的水阶段，散开波浪非线性的水阶段方法，并且即时错误修正方法与洪水转向和延迟的区域被用于预报的即时洪水和 Huai 河的规定。Xin'anjiang 模型被用来预报洪水分泌物自记水位计在上游并且支流。主要隧道和洪水转向区域的洪水路由基于 Muskingum 方法。下游的边界条件的水阶段与模仿 hydrologic 方法的水阶段和每生气的节的水阶段被计算被计算从对下游与散开波浪在上游非线性的水阶段方法。到洪水转向区域的来自主要隧道的输入洪水分泌物自记水位计与主要隧道分泌物的固定裂口比率被估计。在延迟的洪水内的洪水流动区域与水平衡方法作为一座水库被计算。错误系列最不方形的褪色记忆的忘记因素作为即时错误修正方法被使用预报分泌物和水舞台。作为一个例子，联合模型被用于洪水在 2007 洪水季节期间预报和 Huai 河上面的 Lutaizi 的上面的活动范围的规定。预报完成高精确性和联合模型提供的结果表演洪水与洪水转向和延迟的区域为一个复杂分水岭预报和规定的一个科学方法。
Theoretical Formulation for an Electrically Small Microstrip Patch Antenna Loaded with Negative Index Materials (2005)

Composite metamaterials that possess simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity, causing them to exhibit a negative index of refraction known, are known as a negative index materials (NIM). An application of NIMs is to increase the power radiated from electrically small antennas. NIMs can also be used to design thin sub-wavelength cavity resonators. We expand on this principle by introducing a method to miniaturize a circular microstrip patch antenna that uses NIM loading. This is accomplished by including two distinct regions inside the cavity of the microstrip patch antenna, one consisting of a NIM and one consisting of a conventional positive index material (PIM). By applying the boundary conditions commonly associated with the cavity model of a patch antenna, a "resonance condition" is found that is dependent only on the permittivities of the two embedded substrate materials.
High-throughput continuous cryopump (1987)

A cryopump with a unique method of regeneration which allows continuous operation at high throughput has been constructed and tested. Deuterium was pumped continuously at a throughput of 30 Torr l/s at a speed of 2000 l/s and a compression ratio of 200. Argon was pumped at a throughput of 60 Torr l/s at a speed of 1275 l/s. To produce continuous operation of the pump, a method of regeneration that does not thermally cycle the pump is employed. A small chamber (the ‘‘snail’’) passes over the pumping surface and removes the frost from it either by mechanical action with a scraper or by local heating. The material removed is topologically in a secondary vacuum system with low conductance into the primary vacuum; thus, the exhaust can be pumped at pressures up to an effective compression ratio determined by the ratio of the pumping speed to the leakage conductance of the snail. The pump, which is all-metal sealed and dry and which regenerates every 60 s, would be an ideal system for pumping tritium. Potential fusion applications are for pump limiters, for repeating pneumatic pellet injection lines, and for the centrifuge pellet injector spin tank, all of which will require pumping tritium at high throughput. Industrial applications requiring ultraclean pumping of corrosive gases at high throughput, such as the reactive ion etch semiconductor process, may also be feasible.
An efficient tag search protocol in large-scale RFID systems (2013)

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has many applications in inventory management, supply chain, product tracking, transportation and logistics. One research issue of practical importance is to search for a particular group of tags in a large-scale RFID system. Time efficiency is a core factor that must be taken into consideration when designing a tag search protocol to ensure scalability. In this paper, we design a new technique called filtering vector, which can significantly reduce transmission overhead during search process, thereby shortening search time. Based on this technique, we propose an iterative tag search protocol. In each round, we filter out some tags and eventually terminate the search process when the search result meets the accuracy requirement. The simulation results demonstrate that our protocol performs much better than the best existing ones.
Smoothing algorithms for clip-and-paste model-based video coding (1999)

Model-based video coding has been adopted as a core experiment in the ISO MPEG-4 standard. The clip-and-paste technique for putting video objects in line is an important tool to reduce the transmission rate. To assist the clip-and-pasting method fitting into the 2-D model, we propose several smoothing algorithms for improving the quality of the reconstructed images. In this paper, the proposed smoothing algorithms can adjust the deformation of the zoom, tilt, and rotation of the object images. A luminance smoothing algorithm is also applied to compensate the light source variations. Simulation results show that the smoothing methods help to improve clip-and-paste images to achieve a satisfactory quality in visual perception.
Micro-magnetic imprinting of high field gradient magnetic flux sources (2014)

We report here on the fabrication of hard magnetic powder based micro-flux sources using micro-patterned hard magnetic films as templates or master structures. The micro-magnetic imprinting (μMI) process is simple and the constituent materials of the final structures, commercial hard magnetic powders and polymer, are inexpensive. The structures may be transparent, and either flexible or rigid, depending on the choice of polymer matrix used. The peak-to-peak intensity of the z-component of the stray magnetic field measured above a test μMI structure made with spherical NdFeB particles of average particle size 16 μm is in good agreement with simulated field values (150 mT at 5 μm). Simulations indicate magnetic field gradients of up to 5 × 105 T/m at the surface of such μMI structures. The trapping of cells functionalised with superparamagnetic beads by these structures has been demonstrated. The μMI fabrication technique has much potential for the development of high field gradient magnetic flux sources for applications in biology and beyond.