gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Summarizing application performance from a components perspective (2005)

In the era of distributed development, it is common for large applications to be assembled from multiple component layers that are developed by different development teams. Layered applications have deep call paths and numerous invocations (average call stack depth of up to 75, and upto 35 million invocations in the applications we studied) making summarization of performance problems a critical issue. Summarization of performance by classes, methods, invocations or packages is usually inadequate because they are often at the wrong level of granularity. We propose a technique that uses thresholding and filtering to identify a small set of interesting method invocations in components deemed interesting by the user. We show the utility of this technique with a set of 7 real-life applications, where the technique was used to identify a small set (10-93) of expensive invocations which accounted for 82-99% of the overall performance costs of the application. Our experience shows that this type of characterization can help quickly isolate the specific parts of a large system that can benefit most from performance tuning.
Singing Expression Transfer from One Voice to Another for a Given Song (2018)

We present a vocal processing algorithm to automatically transfer singing expressions from one voice to another for a given song. Depending on singers' competence, a song can be rendered with great variations in terms of local tempo, pitch and dynamics. The proposed method temporally aligns a pair of singing voices using melodic and lyrical features that they have in common. Then, it conducts time-scale modification on the source voice according to the time-stretching ratio from the alignment result after smoothing. Once the two voices are aligned, the method modifies pitch and energy expressions of the source voice in a frame-by-frame manner using a pitch-synchronous overlap-add algorithm and a simple amplitude envelope matching. We designed our experiment to transfer singing expressions from a highly technical singer to a plain singer. The results show that our proposed method improves the singing quality effectively.
A New Method to Estimate Cementation and Saturation Exponents From Dielectric Dispersion Data (2016)

Abstract Petrophysical models are applied to wireline dielectric dispersion measurement to estimate water saturation, water salinity, and the water phase tortuosity mn. The parameter mn (which is also referred to as "MN" in other sources) combines the effects of pore-space tortuosity (cementation exponent m in Archie's equation) and distribution of water and hydrocarbons in the pore system (saturation exponent n). We present a new method to separate these effects and obtain Archie's m and n exponents from this water phase tortuosity mn. The method described in this paper makes it possible to fully utilize dielectric dispersion log data to estimate key petrophysical parameters in situ, whereas these parameters were previously only available through expensive and time-consuming core analysis. Together, m and n may be used to infer wettability and estimate water saturation more accurately and reliably in the uninvaded zone. When m can be estimated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), borehole images, or core resistivity measurements, the dielectric parameter mn can be used to estimate n, which can be used to infer wettability. In the absence of capillary pressure hysteresis, mn obtained in the invaded zone by downhole dielectric tools may be used to estimate water saturation in the uninvaded zone by using deep resistivity tools and Archie's law. Practically, these applications are very limited in their scope. The new method assumes that the parameters m and n from the Archie equation are constant for depths with similar rock types. For each rock type, the parameter mn is plotted against a variable combining porosity and water saturation. The data are then fit with a linear function that yields Archie's m and n when the variable takes the values of 1 and 0, respectively. The fit is more heavily weighted towards data points with lower uncertainty. We demonstrate via simulations that Archie's m and n exponents can be accurately and reliably estimated by the new method. This is supported by our study of several limestone cores in various stages of brine/oil saturation in the laboratory where we find that the predicted linear model fits the data reasonably well and can be used to estimate both m and n. We have also applied this method to several wells of a carbonate field. Rock types in each well are determined based on factor analysis of NMR data. The dielectric data for each rock type across all the wells are then analyzed with the method described here to yield values of m and n for each rock type, together with an evaluation of the uncertainty on these parameters. The results are then compared with m and n data from special core analysis (available in two wells of the field). We find that the new method's results fall within the uncertainty of the core analysis results.
Autonomous Heterogeneous Networks Discovery Technique (2006)

Increased efforts directed to enable ubiquitous services across heterogeneous radio access technologies has given birth to seamless integration of heterogeneous wireless networks. It necessitates smooth and seamless handover over heterogeneous wireless networks. Seamless handover imposes stringent requirements like rapid network discovery, quick selection of candidate networks and proactive handover actions. This paper proposes a method wherein a mobile node becomes capable of autonomously discovering presence of networks and related information. The proposed method of acquiring information by autonomous discovery is to be used to support proactive handover actions
Fabrication of A15-type superconducting tape conductors by applying the<i>ex situ</i>powder-in-tube method (2004)

It is well known that MgB2 tape conductors can be fabricated by the ex situ powder-in-tube (PIT) method with MgB2 powder and without any heat treatment. We fabricated different A15-type superconducting tapes by applying this ex situ PIT method. Nb3Sn, Nb3Al, or V3Si superconducting powder was tightly packed into a stainless steel (SUS316) tube or a Cu–10 wt% Ni tube. These tubes were cold rolled into tapes by using groove rolling and flat rolling. Rigid A15 superconducting cores were obtained after cold rolling. All the tapes showed substantial Jc values at 4.2 K without any heat treatment. The superior mechanical hardness of the sheath material was effective for obtaining a superconductor core of high density and realizing high Jc values. Jc increased with increasing degree of cold rolling. This Jc increase was also due to the increase in the density of the superconducting core. The highest Jc of at 6 T and 4.2 K was obtained for the Nb3Al/(SUS316) tape. This Jc value was much higher than that of the ex situ-processed MgB2/(SUS316) tapes. The temperature dependence of the Bc2 of the Nb3Sn/(SUS316) tape, d Bc2/d T, was almost equal to that of the bronze-processed Nb3Sn conductor. Annealing at after cold rolling considerably enhanced Jc values of all tapes.
Node voltage dependent subthreshold leakage current characteristics of dynamic circuits (2004)

The subthreshold leakage current characteristics of domino logic circuits is evaluated in this paper. The strong dependence of the subthreshold leakage current on the node voltages is discussed. In a standard low threshold voltage domino logic circuit with stacked pulldown devices, a charged state rather than a discharge state of the dynamic node is preferred for lower leakage current. Alternatively, the subthreshold leakage current of a dual threshold voltage domino logic circuit is significantly reduced provided that the dynamic node is discharged. A dual threshold voltage circuit has degraded noise immunity characteristics as compared to a standard low threshold voltage circuit. Both keeper and output inverter sizing are necessary to compensate for this degradation in noise immunity. An alternative dual threshold voltage domino circuit technique employing a low threshold voltage keeper for enhanced noise immunity is also considered in this paper. Under similar noise immunity conditions as compared to a standard low threshold voltage domino logic circuit, the savings in subthreshold leakage current offered by a dual threshold voltage circuit technique with a high threshold voltage keeper is significantly higher than the savings offered by a dual threshold voltage circuit technique with a low threshold voltage keeper.
Variable anodic thermal control coating on aluminum (1983)

A variable thermal control coating (modified chromic acid anodizing) has been developed to meet the needs for the thermal control of spacecraft. This coating, with controlled variable ranges of 0.10 to 0.72 thermal emittance and 0.2 to 0.4 solar absorptance, allows the user to select any value of thermal emittance and solar absorptance within the range specified and obtain both values within + or - 0.02. Preliminary solar stability has shown less than 15 percent degradation over 2000 hours of vacuum solar exposure. The technique has been determined to be sensitive to the parameters of voltage, rate of voltage application, time, temperature, acid concentration, and material pretreatment.
Electrochemical cell with calcium anode. [Ca/air or Ca/water; mechanically rechargeable] (1979)

An electrochemical cell comprises a calcium anode and a suitable cathode in an alkaline electrolyte consisting essentially of an aqueous solution of an hydroxide and a chloride. Specifically disclosed is a mechanically rechargeable calcium/air fuel cell with an aqueous NaOH/NaCl electrolyte. 4 figures.
Performance of Asphalt Rejuvenators in Hot-Mix Asphalt Containing Recycled Asphalt Shingles (2017)

The use of recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) in asphalt paving construction represents a sustainable approach to reduce virgin material consumption and negative environmental effects, as well as the cost of asphalt pavement. However, many challenges are yet to be addressed about the use of RAS in paving applications. This study evaluated the effect of the incorporation of postconsumer waste shingles and rejuvenators on the performance of hot-mix asphalt. Four asphalt rejuvenators—one bio-oil and three synthetic oils—were evaluated. A set of laboratory tests was conducted to characterize the performance of asphalt mixtures against permanent deformation and fatigue cracking. The addition of 5% RAS showed an improvement in permanent deformation when compared with a conventional mixture with no RAS. Yet the addition of asphalt rejuvenator products slightly decreased the performance against permanent deformation. On the basis of Hamburg wheel-tracking device test results, the addition of RAS did not adversely affect moisture resistance. Yet semicircular bending test results showed that the asphalt mixtures that contained asphalt rejuvenators had a lower critical strain energy release rate than the minimum threshold value (0.5 kJ/m 2 ), which indicated a greater susceptibility to intermediate-temperature cracking.
DNA Nanotweezers and Graphene Transistor Enable Label‐Free Genotyping (2018)

Electronic DNA-biosensor with a single nucleotide resolution capability is highly desirable for personalized medicine. However, existing DNA-biosensors, especially single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection systems, have poor sensitivity and specificity and lack real-time wireless data transmission. DNA-tweezers with graphene field effect transistor (FET) are used for SNP detection and data are transmitted wirelessly for analysis. Picomolar sensitivity of quantitative SNP detection is achieved by observing changes in Dirac point shift and resistance change. The use of DNA-tweezers probe with high-quality graphene FET significantly improves analytical characteristics of SNP detection by enhancing the sensitivity more than 1000-fold in comparison to previous work. The electrical signal resulting from resistance changes triggered by DNA strand-displacement and related changes in the DNA geometry is recorded and transmitted remotely to personal electronics. Practical implementation of this enabling technology will provide cheaper, faster, and portable point-of-care molecular health status monitoring and diagnostic devices.
Automated Method For Making Microfiche From Roll Microfilm (1983)

An automated method for making microfiche from roll microfilm is described. The system, called a composing reducing camera (CRC), accepts unperforated 35 mm negative microfilm. A servo-controlled film transport introduces the film, one frame at a time, into a filming gate. An integrating sphere, for uniform illumination, and a xenon flashlamp "freeze" the frame for high resolution imaging. Introduction of a mirror into the optical system permits any frame to be displayed on a television monitor. Provided with a keyboard, an operator may, with the aid of a photocomposer, automatically title the micro-fiche. A complete fiche may be recorded at filming rates up to 8 frames per second in any desired microfiche format.
A Differential Approach for Configuration Fault Localization in Cloud Environments (2013)

Configuration fault localization is the process of identifying fault in the configuration of component(s) that is the source of failure given a set of observed failure conditions. Configuration faults are harder to detect than on/off failures as it involves analysis of the parameters that constitute the configuration. While distributed systems become more complex and interconnected, the requirements on configuration fault localization have changed. In this paper we present a new, simple but effective approach to configuration fault localization, which utilizes the difference in configuration parameters of components that share a resource. We establish a Reference Configuration State (RCS) by determining a set of non-faulty probing components for each faulty component with respect to shared resources. Performing difference in configuration of reference state with that of the faulty components localizes faulty configuration parameter. Experiments through simulations demonstrate that our approach is effective in identifying configuration faults with reduced time and increased accuracy. Our algorithm gracefully handles the complexity of the problem as the system size grows.
A biomimetic five-module chimeric antigen receptor ( <sup>5M</sup> CAR) designed to target and eliminate antigen-specific T cells (2020)

Abstract T cells express clonotypic T cell receptors (TCRs) that recognize peptide antigens in the context of class I or II MHC molecules (pMHCI/II). These receptor modules associate with three signaling modules (CD3γε, δε, and ζζ), and work in concert with a coreceptor module (either CD8 or CD4), to drive T cell activation in response to pMHCI/II. Here we describe a first generation biomimetic 5-module chimeric antigen receptor ( 5M CAR). We show that: (i) chimeric receptor modules built with the ectodomains of pMHCII assemble with CD3 signaling modules into complexes that redirect cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) specificity and function in response to the clonotypic TCRs of pMHCII-specific CD4 + T cells; and, (ii) surrogate coreceptor modules enhance the function of these complexes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that adoptively transferred 5M CAR-CTLs can mitigate type I diabetes by targeting autoimmune CD4 + T cells in NOD mice. This work provides a framework for the construction of biomimetic 5M CARs that can be used as tools to study the impact of particular antigen-specific T cells in immune responses, and may hold potential for ameliorating diseases mediated by pathogenic T cells.
Resolution-enhanced quantitative phase imaging from transport of intensity equation: mixed-transfer-function (2021)

Transport of intensity equation (TIE) is an established quantitative phase imaging (QPI) method as a deter-ministic phase retrieval algorithm derived from paraxial approximation. However, this approximation limits TIE to retrieve high-resolution QPI for most biological samples. It can be overcome via the phase transfer function (PTF) method (no paraxial approximation), while it has incorrect phase in low-frequency due to the weak phase approximation. For the general microscopic specimens with thickness and small details, we present a resolution-enhanced QPI mixed-transfer-function (MTF) approach based on the spatial domain and the spatial frequency one, using phase space theory as a bridge. It is proved that the traditional TIE can obtain the accurate phase in low-frequency, but suﬀers from attenuation and blurring at high frequencies. Thus, MTF is combined with PTF to improve the maximum resolution that can be accurately reconstructed. Simulation results and experiments demonstrate that MTF can achieve high-contrast and high-resolution QPI correctly over the whole theoretical bandwidth, showing eﬃciency for phase retrieval even in slowly varying large phase objects. Besides, it is compatible with commercial microscopes without additional hardware modiﬁcation, oﬀering a ﬂexible and cost-eﬀective alternative for biomedical research and cellular investigations.
Dynamic multi-echo DCE- and DSC-MRI in rectal cancer: Low primary tumor K<sup>trans</sup> and ΔR2* peak are significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (2016)

4 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:194-206.
Molecular Typing of <i>Treponema pallidum</i> in South Africa: Cross-Sectional Studies (2002)

We evaluated a molecular subtyping system for Treponema pallidum for its ability to differentiate between strains obtained from male patients with primary syphilis in South Africa. Of 201 T. pallidum-positive specimens, 161 were typeable, revealing 35 subtypes. The unique subtypes identified in Durban, Cape Town, and Carletonville and the total number of subtypes suggested that the strain population was very diverse and varied geographically.
Abstract 16348: Ecto-Nucleotidase-Derived Adenosine Promotes Mineralization Through A2a Receptor in Calcified Aortic Valves Disease (2014)

Background: Mineralization plays a crucial role in the development of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). The expression of ecto-nucleotidases may promote the mineralization of valve interstitial cells (VICs). We hypothesized that the expression of NPP1, which generates adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and 5’nucleotidase, an enzyme using AMP as a substrate to produce adenosine, may co-regulate the mineralization of the aortic valve. Methods: We have investigated the expression of NPP1 and 5’nucleotidase in CAVD tissues and determined the role of these ecto-nucleotidases on the mineralization of isolated VICs. The signaling pathway involving adenosine receptors was also studied. Results: In CAVD tissues, we documented that NPP1 and 5’nucleotidase enzyme activities were increased. NPP1 and 5’nucleotidase were co-expressed by VICs. In cell culture we found that mineralization induced by ATP was decreased by silencing NPP1 and 5’nucleotidase, suggesting a role for adenosine. Adenosine and specific A2a receptor agonist increased the calcification of VICs. Silencing of A2a receptor and the use of A2a-/- receptor mouse VICs abrogated adenosine-induced mineralization. Also, A2a receptor-mediated mineralization of VICs was negated by the transfection of a mutant dominant negative Gαs vector. Inhibition of the protein kinase A (PKA) pathway prevented adenosine-induced mineralization of VICs and expression of NPP1. We next showed that activation of PKA promoted in luciferase assay the activity of the NPP1 promoter. By using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay (ChIP) we documented that the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), downstream of PKA, physically interacted with the NPP1 promoter region. Furthermore, the transfection of a mutant dominant active CREBDIEDML in isolated VICs increased the NPP1 promoter activity by 6.5-fold. Conclusion: The overexpression of NPP1 and 5’nucleotidase in CAVD promotes the mineralization of the aortic valve through A2a adenosine receptor, which signals through Gαs and the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. CREB is a positive regulator of NPP1 promoter activity in a positive feedback loop. The ecto-nucleotidases and/or A2a adenosine receptor could represent potential novel pharmaceutical targets in CAVD.
54.3: PSCT for Switchable Transparent Liquid Crystal Displays (2015)

We developed a switchable diffuser for transparent liquid crystal displays. The diffuser is based on polymer stabilized cholesteric texture (PSCT) light shutter. It can be switched between a transparent state and a milky scattering state by applying voltages. The transmittance of the transparent state is near 90%. The reflectance of the scattering state is higher than 30%. We also developed a transparent ADS display with the PSCT, which has excellent viewing angle.
Evaluation of a novel sphygmomanometer, which estimates central aortic blood pressure from analysis of brachial artery suprasystolic pressure waves (2012)

We concluded that Pulsecor R6.5 provides a simple and easy method to noninvasively estimate central SBP, which has highly acceptable accuracy.
Packet size dependent link adaptation for wireless packet data (2002)

In wireless packet data systems such as the Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (EGPRS), selective ARQ is used for error recovery over a radio link. In earlier work, the radio link control (RLC) performance is typically characterized in terms of the throughput and the size of the higher layer protocol data units (PDUs) or the packets to be transferred is ignored. We propose that the link adaptation be based on user perceived delay instead of the throughput.
Micro-Doppler lidar signals and noise mechanisms: theory and experiment (2000)

Lidar remote sensing of micro-Doppler signals is important for a large number of civilian and military applications. The single most important performance metric of these sensors is their velocity measurement precision. The velocity precision of a micro-Doppler lidar is limited by any one of various noise sources, which include shot-noise, local-oscillator frequency noise, speckle decorrelation noise, refractive turbulence advection noise and pointing jitter. In this paper, we present a theory, which describes these noise sources and their wavelength dependence. For example, it will be shown that the turbulence advection noise is wavelength independent while speckle decorrelation noise is proportional to the illumination wavelength and that the noise sources are, to a first-order, independent of the interrogation waveform classification (i.e., pulsed or CW). The results from recent field measurements using a doublet-pulse lidar will be compared with theory.
Syntheses and antitumor activities of 7-O-(6-deoxy-2-O-methyl-.ALPHA.-L-talopyranosyl)-daunomycinone and -adriamycione. (1989)

Synthesis and antitumor activities of daunorubicin and doxorubicin analogs having on α-side 2'-methoxyl group with α-L-talopyranoside structure instead of the 2'-fluorine