gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A CCD miniature radiation monitor (2002)

A miniature radiation monitor (MRM) device has been developed, which utilizes a charge-coupled device (CCD) as its sensitive element. Its shielding configuration has been designed to mitigate the displacement damage threat in space environments, while also introducing a good degree of directional sensitivity.
A New Fast Facial Recognition Algorithm Applicable to Large Databases (2006)

In this contribution, a transform domain two-dimensional principal component analysis algorithm employing vector quantization (TD2DPCA/VQ) is presented for facial recognition, particularly for large databases. The algorithm has attractive properties with respect to storage requirements in the training mode and the computational complexity in the testing mode. The experimental results obtained by applying the new algorithm to the ORL database confirmed the significant reduction in the storage and computational requirements while improving the excellent recognition accuracy of the spatial 2DPCA method
The kappa opioid nalbuphine produces gender- and dose-dependent analgesia and antianalgesia in patients with postoperative pain (1999)

Nalbuphine, pentazocine, and butorphanol, mixed agonist/antagonist opioids that induce analgesia by acting predominantly at kappa opioid receptors, have recently been shown in single-dose studies to have greater analgesic efficacy in women than in men. In the current experiments, the first placebo controlled dose response study of opioid analgesic efficacy that examines for gender differences, nalbuphine (5, 10, or 20 mg) and placebo were evaluated in 62 men and 69 women for the treatment of moderate to severe postoperative pain following extraction of impacted wisdom teeth. In a randomized, open injection, double blind experimental design, pain intensity was recorded on a 10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) immediately prior to drug administration (baseline) and at 20 min intervals thereafter. Although responses to placebo were similar in men and women, for all doses of nalbuphine women exhibited significantly greater analgesic response than men, compatible with our previous results. Unexpectedly, men receiving the 5 mg dose of nalbuphine experienced significantly greater pain than those receiving placebo; only the 20 mg dose of nalbuphine in men produced significant analgesia compared to placebo. While a similar antianalgesic effect was not observed in women, only the 10 mg dose of nalbuphine produced significant analgesia compared to placebo. These results suggest that the optimal analgesic dose of nalbuphine for women is lower than the highest dose that can be safely administered. In contrast, the antianalgesic effect of nalbuphine suggests avoidance of its routine use for postoperative analgesia in men until further studies clarify this issue. Because gender differences in other mixed kappa agonists/antagonists (i.e. pentazocine and butorphanol) have previously been shown, these results may generally apply to this class of opioid analgesics.
A novel myoblast enhancer element mediates MyoD transcription. (1992)

The MyoD gene can orchestrate the expression of the skeletal muscle differentiation program. We have identified the regions of the gene necessary to reproduce transcription specific to skeletal myoblasts and myotubes. A proximal regulatory region (PRR) contains a conserved TATA box, a CCAAT box, and a GC-rich region that includes a consensus SP1 binding site. The PRR is sufficient for high levels of skeletal muscle-specific activity in avian muscle cells. In murine cells the PRR alone has only low levels of activity and requires an additional distal regulatory region to achieve high levels of muscle-specific activity. The distal regulatory region differs from a conventional enhancer in that chromosomal integration appears necessary for productive interactions with the PRR. While the Moloney leukemia virus long terminal repeat can enhance transcription from the MyoD PRR in both transient and stable assays, the simian virus 40 enhancer cannot, suggesting that specific enhancer-promoter interactions are necessary for PRR function.
Horizontally Redundant, Split‐Gate a‐Si:H Thin Film Transistors (1996)

A new type of trilayer amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) thin film transistor (TFT) is presented in this paper. It also has a self‐aligned source/drain‐to‐gate configuration and uniformly narrow source/drain vias. The finished transistor shows an on/off current ratio greater than 107 and the on‐current is proportional to the channel width‐to‐length ratio. Compared with a conventional single‐channel TFT that occupies the same area, this new TFT has a higher channel width‐to‐length ratio and a higher on‐current. The physical limitations of the new TFT, based on the current large area lithography tool, are also discussed. This TFT can be applied to displays and imagers that require a high on‐current and a low area occupancy.
Spatial and Surface Design of Porous Coordination Polymers (2007)

A significant challenge in the development of porous coordination polymers (PCP's), beyond control of pore size, is control of the shape and chemical nature of the pores. This short review presents some compounds that illustrate these features and general approaches to their preparation.
Analysis of a mouse monoclonal antibody that reacts with a specific region of the human proximal tubule and subsets renal cell carcinomas. (1989)

Murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) F31 detects a heat-stable antigen (URO-8) found in the acidic lipid fraction of renal cancer cell extracts. Serological analysis of mAb F31 reactivity was assayed on 176 human cell lines. mAb F31 reacted with 38 of 45 renal cancers, a subpopulation of cells in primary cultures of normal renal epithelia, and two of 13 colon, two of 15 lung, and four of five ovarian cancers. No other epithelial, hematopoietic, or neuroectodermal cell lines tested were reactive. Immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase analyses of fresh frozen tissue sections revealed mAb F31 reactivity in kidney, gastrointestinal tract, biliary canaliculi, bronchial epithelium, and skin. Within the kidney, mAb F31 immunoreactivity was confined to the straight portion of the proximal tubule. A panel composed of previously characterized mAbs as well as mAb F31 defines the antigenic phenotype of proximal convoluted tubular cells as URO-2+/URO-3+/URO-4+/URO-10+/URO-8-/URO-5-; proximal straight tubular cells as URO-2+/URO-3+/URO-4+/URO-10-/URO-8+/URO-5-; and cells of the descending thin limb of Henle as URO-2-/URO-3+ or -/URO-4+/URO-10-/URO-8-/URO-5+. While adult proximal tubular cells demonstrated reciprocal expression of URO-8 and URO-10, fetal kidney proximal tubule progenitor cells coexpressed both antigens (URO-10+/URO-8+). Fifty renal cancer specimens were typed with these antibodies. Fourteen cases were URO-10+/URO-8-, ten cases were URO-10-/URO-8+, and 25 cases expressed both antigens (URO-10+/URO-8+). These phenotypes are consistent with derivation of these particular subsets from the proximal convoluted tubule, the pars recta, or a proximal tubule progenitor cell, respectively. Only one specimen failed to express either URO-8 or URO-10.
Adaptive Mutations Enhance Assembly and Cell-to-Cell Transmission of a High-Titer Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 5a Core-NS2 JFH1-Based Recombinant (2015)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major global health care burden, affecting more than 150 million people worldwide. These individuals are at high risk of developing severe end-stage liver diseases. No vaccine exists. While it is possible to produce HCV particles resembling isolates of all HCV genotypes in human hepatoma cells (HCVcc), production efficacy varies. Thus, for several important studies, including vaccine development, in vitro systems enabling high-titer production of diverse HCV strains would be advantageous. Our study offers important functional data on how cell culture-adaptive mutations identified in genotype 5a JFH1-based HCVcc permit high-titer culture by affecting HCV genesis through increasing virus assembly and HCV fitness by enhancing the virus specific infectivity and cell-to-cell transmission ability, without influencing the biophysical particle properties. High-titer HCVcc like the one described in this study may be pivotal in future vaccine-related studies where large quantities of infectious HCV particles are necessary.
Triggering Depolymerization: Progress and Opportunities for Self-Immolative Polymers (2019)

Polymers that depolymerize end-to-end upon cleavage of their backbones or end-caps, often termed “self-immolative” polymers (SIPs), have garnered significant interest in recent years. They can be distinguished from other degradable and stimuli-responsive polymers by their ability to provide amplified responses to stimuli, as a single bond cleavage event is translated into the release of many small molecules through a cascade of reactions. Here, the synthesis and properties of the major classes of SIPs including poly(benzyl carbamate)s, poly(benzyl carbonate)s, poly(benzyl ether)s polyphthalaldehydes, polyglyoxylates, polyglyoxylamides, and poly(olefin sulfone)s are presented. In addition, their advantages and limitations as well as their recent applications in areas including sensors, drug delivery, micro- and nanopatterning, transient devices and composites, coatings, antibacterial, and recyclable plastics are described. Finally, the challenges associated with the development of new SIP backbones and their translation into commercial products are discussed.
Selective Reduction Method of the Mosquito Noise in JPEG Decoded Image (2002)

Abstract The JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) compression algorithm is possible to decode an image effectively, by considering the visual characteristic of human beings. However, the mosquito noise generates in the block, when a compression rate is high. It is lost to not only the mosquito noise but also important image information which constitutes an image, when the usual noise reduction filter was applied for an image including the mosquito noise. As the result, image quality falls off. Then, our proposed method is possible to restrain degradation of image quality, while reducing noise, by changing weight of filtering every block. We confirmed that our proposed method was effective by the computer experiment. Introduction JPEG 2) is one of the most famous coding methods that are used widely to compress a digital image. The lossless coding method and lossy coding method are included to the JPEG compression system. Lossy coding method, one of the JPEG base line algorithms that used DCT (discrete cosine transform), is able to materialize high compressibility is used generally. As for the image by an impassable reverse method high compression is obtained dramatically. On the other hand, the deterioration and various noise of the image quality sometimes occur. There is block noise (false contour is included) and mosquito noise (it is able to consider as kind of block noise), in the main noise that occurs with JPEG coded method. There exists
Development of a Monoclonal Antibody-Based ELISA for the Anthelmintic Hygromycin B (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDevelopment of a Monoclonal Antibody-Based ELISA for the Anthelmintic Hygromycin BCarol Kamps-Holtzapple, Larry H. Stanker, and John R. DeLoachCite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1994, 42, 3, 822–827Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf00039a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00039a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views119Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Evaluation of a Platinum–Acridine Anticancer Agent and Its Liposomal Formulation in an in vivo Model of Lung Adenocarcinoma (2020)

Liposomal formulations have been developed for a highly cytotoxic platinum-acridine agent, [PtCl(pn)(C<sub>18</sub> H<sub>21</sub> N<sub>4</sub> )](NO<sub>3</sub> )<sub>2</sub> (PA, pn=propane-1,3-diamine), and fully characterized. Nanoliposomes consisting of hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine (HSPC), 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) (DPPG), and polyethylene glycol-2000-distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE-mPEG<sub>2k</sub> ) were able to stably encapsulate PA at payload-to-lipid ratios of 2-20 %. The fusogenic properties of the liposomes promote efficient cellular uptake of PA across the plasma membrane, which results in vesicular transport of payload to the nucleus in cultured lung cancer cells. Unencapsulated PA and one of the newly designed liposomal formulations show promising tumor growth inhibition in tumor xenografts derived from A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells of 76 % and 72 %, respectively. Cisplatin showed no significant efficacy at a 10-fold higher dose. These findings underscore the utility of platinum-acridine agents for treating aggressive, chemoresistant forms of cancer and validate nanoliposomes as a biocompatible, expandable platform for their intravenous delivery and other potential routes of administration.
Phase matching of high harmonic generation in the soft and hard X-ray regions of the spectrum (2009)

We show how bright, tabletop, fully coherent hard X-ray beams can be generated through nonlinear upconversion of femtosecond laser light. By driving the high-order harmonic generation process using longer-wavelength midinfrared light, we show that, in theory, fully phase-matched frequency upconversion can extend into the hard X-ray region of the spectrum. We verify our scaling predictions experimentally by demonstrating phase matching in the soft X-ray region of the spectrum around 330 eV, using ultrafast driving laser pulses at 1.3-μm wavelength, in an extended, high-pressure, weakly ionized gas medium. We also show through calculations that scaling of the overall conversion efficiency is surprisingly favorable as the wavelength of the driving laser is increased, making tabletop, fully coherent, multi-keV X-ray sources feasible. The rapidly decreasing microscopic single-atom yield, predicted for harmonics driven by longer-wavelength lasers, is compensated macroscopically by an increased optimal pressure for phase matching and a rapidly decreasing reabsorption of the generated X-rays.
A NASBA Method to Detect High- and Low-Pathogenicity H5 Avian Influenza Viruses (2003)

Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) allows the rapid amplification of specific regions of nucleic acid obtained from a diverse range of sources. It is especially suitable for amplifying RNA sequences. A NASBA technique was developed that allows the detection of avian influenza A subtype H5 from allantoic fluid harvested from inoculated chick embryos. The amplified viral RNA is detected by electrochemiluminescence. The described NASBA technique is a specific, rapid, and sensitive method of detection of influenza A subtype H5 viruses. More importantly, it can be used to distinguish high- and low-pathogenicity strains of the H5 subtype.
Association analysis of transcripts from the bipolar susceptibility locus on chromosome 4q35, exclusion of a pathogenic role for eight positional candidate genes (2005)

Bipolar affective disorder is a major psychiatric illness with a population prevalence of up to 1.6%. The disorder is genetically complex. To date, no specific gene or DNA sequence variation that predisposes to the disorder has been described, however several susceptibility loci have been proposed through genetic linkage analysis. We previously identified one such susceptibility locus on chromosome 4q35, and refined the interval harboring this susceptibility gene to a size that is amenable to positional cloning. Several independent studies have now been described that support the presence of a susceptibility gene at this locus. In order to identify candidate genes for testing association with bipolar disorder, we previously established a comprehensive transcript map that encompasses the chromosome 4q35 susceptibility locus implicated in our linkage analysis. In this study, we have selected full-length genes from the transcript map and determined the genomic structure of each gene. We identified informative, intragenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by screening all exons and flanking intron sequences in affected individuals from seven bipolar pedigrees that we previously reported as showing evidence for linkage to chromosome 4q35. Analysis of these SNPs was then extended to our unrelated bipolar case-control cohort to test for association with the disorder. Our data suggests that all genes analyzed can be excluded from direct involvement in the disorder. We have therefore, excluded approximately half the genes within the chromosome 4q35 candidate interval from playing a direct pathogenic role in bipolar disorder.
Available Know-how in Transforming an Emulsified Drilling Fluid To Be Removed from an Unwanted Location into a Low-Viscosity Single-Phase System (2012)

Drilling fluids are generally emulsions, either oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O), with an aqueous phase containing various electrolytes and an oil phase ranging from hydrocarbons to polar oils. Such multiphasic systems are stabilized by surfactants and co-surfactants, whose nature is related to the emulsion morphology. Stable emulsions should have an unbalanced generalized formulation, which is also related to the phase behavior at equilibrium. If the drilling fluid tends to form a viscous multiphase in the casing void or enters the porous medium and plugs it by capillarity, it has to be removed as a single-phase system of the mesophase type. This usually requires the formation of a bicontinuous microemulsion with a surfactant system exhibiting the highest solubilization of both oil and water phases, a situation that takes place when the formulation is exactly balanced. Moreover, this should also occur with an amount of surfactant as small as possible, and this is yet an unsolved problem. Recent developments indicate that there are several trends toward performance improvement that can be used in parallel or together, and this is what has been used in practical cases.
Fully printed varactors and phase shifters based on a BST/polymer ink for tunable microwave applications (2016)

A fully printed varactor and a phase shifter using direct ink writing methodologies will be described. A novel ferroelectric ink was developed to print high dielectric constant, low loss, and electrostatically-tunable dielectrics on plastic substrates. The dielectric is based on multiphase Barium Strontium Titanate (BST)/polymer composite made by suspending nano/submicron-sized particles of BST in a thermoplastic polymer, namely Cyclic Olefin Copolymer (COC). After printing with the ink, a low temperature curing process was performed at temperatures below 200°C. RF measurements and characterizations showed that the sinter-less dielectric had a very high relative permittivity of ε <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</sub> = 42 and a very low dielectric loss of tanδ = 0.0005 at f = 10GHz. As a result, all-printed, voltage-variable capacitors with up to 10% capacitance tunability at microwave frequencies were realized. Subsequently, the tunable BST/COC ink was used in a left handed transmission line design to realize a printed tunable phase shifter.
The DUDE framework for continuous tone image denoising (2005)

This paper discusses the challenges of applying the DUDE framework to continuous tone images and the tools used to address these challenges. As in lossless image compression, a key component of the DUDE framework is the determination of a probability distribution for samples of the input (noisy) image, conditioned on their contexts. Thus, we can leverage from tools developed and tested in the context of lossless compression for determining such distributions, together with tools that are specific to the assumptions of the denoising application. These tools combine with the DUDE principles into a framework that yields powerful and practical denoisers for continuous tone images corrupted by a variety of noise processes.
Terbutaline Raises High-Density-Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Levels (1981)

HIGH-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol has been found to be the best serum predictor of coronary-artery disease. High levels of HDL are associated with a low risk of coronary-artery disease, and low levels with a high risk. HDL appears to be the cholesterol "scavenger" of the body: it removes cholesterol from cells and carries it to the liver for excretion. Since factors that are associated with protection from coronary-artery disease (exercise, alcohol consumption, estrogen, thinness, and genetics) are associated with high HDL-cholesterol levels, it has been proposed that elevated serum HDL, particularly the HDL-2 subfraction, may bring about the protection. In fact, . . .
The Role of Interleukin-10 and Hyaluronan in Murine Fetal Fibroblast Function In Vitro: Implications for Recapitulating Fetal Regenerative Wound Healing (2015)

Our data demonstrates the functional differences between fetal and adult fibroblasts, and that IL-10 mediated HA synthesis is essential for the fetal fibroblasts' enhanced invasion and migration properties. Moreover, IL-10 via an HA-dependent mechanism can recapitulate this aspect of the fetal phenotype in adult fibroblasts, suggesting a novel mechanism of IL-10 in regenerative wound healing.
Preventive Effect and Safety of a Follicle Stimulating Hormone Inhibitory Formulation Containing a Mixture of <i>Coicis Semen</i> and <i>Artemisia capillaris</i> for Precocious Puberty: A Preliminary Experimental Study Using Female Rats (2017)

hEIF extract can be used as an FSH inhibitor for the treatment of precocious puberty.
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new 9-N-alkyl derivatives of 9(S)-erythromycylamine (1990)

A series of new 9-N-alkyl derivatives of 9(S)-erythromycylamine has been synthesized by reductive alkylation of erythromycylamine with aliphatic aldehydes and sodium cyanoborohydride. Alternative syntheses employing hydrogenation methods have also been developed. These new 9-N-alkyl derivatives possess excellent antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo, especially when administered orally to treat experimental infections in mice. From structure-activity studies, 9-N-(1-propyl)erythromycylamine (LY281389) was selected as the most efficacious derivative. These methods have also been extended to the synthesis of some 9-N,N-dialkyl derivatives of erythromycylamine.