gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of angiotensin II-induced contraction of human airway smooth muscle cells by angiotensin-(1-7) via downregulation of the RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway (2012)

Sustained renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation in asthmatic patients plays a crucial role in airway hyperresponsiveness and airflow limitation. Angiotensin II (Ang II), as a key peptide of RAS, contributes to the contraction of human airway smooth muscle by activating the RhoA/Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) signaling pathway. Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], is a component of the angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-Ang-(1-7)-Mas axis which counteracts the detrimental effects of the ACE- Ang II-angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) axis in vivo; however, whether Ang-(1-7) can inhibit the effect of Ang II in the contraction of human airway smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) is unknown. In our study, collagen gel lattices and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the contraction of HASMCs induced by Ang II. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis were performed to confirm the regulatory mechanism and the participating signaling pathway. Ang II caused the contraction of HASMCs; this effect was reversed by Ang‑(1‑7). In addition, irbesartan and A779, which are inhibitors of AT1R and Mas, respectively, attenuated the effect of Ang II and Ang-(1-7). Furthermore, Y-27632, an inhibitor of ROCK2, attenuated the Ang II-induced contraction of HASMCs by blocking the RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway which is involved in this contraction, and thus may be a major regulator involved in the basal maintenance of contractility in HASMCs. These data demonstrate that Ang II induces the contraction of HASMCs and that this effect can be reversed by Ang-(1-7), partially through the downregulation of of the RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway.
Correlation between Prostate-Specific Antigen Kinetics and Overall Survival in Abiraterone Acetate–Treated Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients (2015)

The analysis revealed a consistent treatment effect of AA on PSA kinetics and strong associations between PSA kinetics and OS in chemotherapy-pretreated and -naïve patients, thereby providing a rationale to consider PSA kinetics as surrogacy endpoints to indicate clinical benefit in AA-treated patients with mCRPC regardless of chemotherapy treatment.
Direct Measurement of Piezoelectric Strain Using a Diffraction Grating (1987)

Piezoelectric strain under a large de electric field, D 33 is directly measured by using an electrically controllable diffraction (ECD) grating. The ECD grating consists of a lead lanthanum zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic with 65 pairs of grooves having 40‐μm width and 80‐μm period on its surface. The operational principle for the diffraction grating and the procedure for obtaining D 33 are described. D 33 is measured experimentally with a He‐Ne 3.39‐μm laser, yielding a value of 5.9 × 10 −9 m/V under a dc electric field of 1 kV/mm. This value is discussed along with the piezoelectric constant d 33 calculated from a conventional electrical resonant method.
Hierarchical Joint Bilateral Filtering for Depth Post-Processing (2011)

Various 3D applications require accurate and smooth depth map, and post-processing is necessary for depth map directly generated by different correspondence algorithms. A hierarchical joint bilateral filtering method is proposed to improve the coarse depth map. By first carrying out depth confidence measuring, pixels are put into different categories according to their matching confidence. Then the initial coarse depth map is down-sampled together with the corresponding confidence map. Depth map is progressively fixed during multistep up sampling. Different from many filtering approaches, confident matches are propagated to unconfident regions by suppressing outliers in a hierarchical structure. Experiment results present that the proposed method can achieve significant improvement of initial depth map with low computational complexity.
The Influence of Tin Content on the Thermal Creep of Zircaloy-4 (1989)

The influence of tin content on the unirradiated mechanical properties of zirconium alloys within the Zircaloy-4 specification has been analyzed. A cold-worked, stress-relieved (CWSR) commercial cladding was produced using similar thermo-mechanical processing encompassing tin contents ranging from 1.22 to 1.54%. Thermal creep testing, tension testing, contractile strain ratio (CSR) testing, and texture analysis were preformed over the range of tin contents. Creep testing was performed at 399°C (750°F), over a series of stress ratios and stress levels. The creep strength of Zircaloy-4 was strongly dependent on the tin content over the allowable composition range. The effect of tin was dependent on the stress state, with the 0:1 stress ratio (hoop stress:axial stress ratio) and 1:1 stress ratio showing greater effects than 2:1 stress ratio. The steady state strain rates increased by factors of 6, 5, and 2 for the 0:1, 1:1, and 2:1 stress states, respectively, as the tin content decreased toward the lower tin content limit of 1.20%. A generalized multiaxjal thermal creep equation was used to model the influence of tin content and to separate the anisotropy and stress dependence. The stress dependence and thermal activation energy were insensitive to alloy content; however, the anisotropy parameters measured under low strain rate conditions moved closer to isotropic conditions as the tin content decreased. It was concluded that the change in the creep anisotropy was due to a change in the predominant slip system from a predominantly basal slip at high tin contents to a mixed basal-prism slip at low tin contents.
Quench detection for high temperature superconductor magnets: a novel technique based on Rayleigh-backscattering interrogated optical fibers (2016)

High temperature superconducting materials are the only option for the generation of magnetic fields exceeding 25 T and for magnets operating over a broad range of temperature and magnetic field for power applications. One remaining obstacle for the implementation of high temperature superconductors magnets into systems, however, is the inability to rapidly detect a quench. In this letter we present a novel quench detection technique that has been investigated experimentally. Optical fibers are co-wound into two small Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+x superconducting coils and interrogated by Rayleigh-backscattering. Two different configurations are used, one with the fiber atop the conductor and the other with the fiber located as turn-to-turn insulation. Each coil is also instrumented with voltage taps (VTs) and thermocouples for comparison during heater-induced quenches. The results show that Rayleigh-backscattering interrogated optical fibers (RIOF) have significant advantages over traditional techniques, including very high spatial resolution and the ability to detect a hot-spot well before the peak local temperature exceeds the current sharing temperature. Thus, RIOF quench detection is intrinsically faster than VTs, and this intrinsic advantage is greater as the coil size and/or current margin increases.
Fibrin gel limits intra-abdominal adhesion formation. (1992)

Autologous fibrin gel (FG) has recently been reported efficacious in hepatic injury; the effects of fibrin compounds on intra-abdominal adhesion formation is controversial. This study evaluated intra-abdominal adhesion formation in a rabbit devascularization model. Seventeen New Zealand rabbits were anesthetized and laparotomy was done. The uterine horns were abraded to punctate bleeding followed by bilateral uterine devascularization. Treatment consisted of 10 cc saline control (c) or FG applied to the uterine horns. Peritoneal lavage was done at 15 minutes for red blood cell (RBC) analysis. Autopsy was performed at 1 week. Adhesions were graded from grade 0 (no adhesions) to grade III (dense adhesions). Adhesion grading revealed no difference in average adhesion grade between FG and C with small bowel (1.0 +/- 1.3 vs 0.5 +/- 1.0); bladder (2.1 +/- 1.1 vs 2.4 +/- 1.2); or uterus (1.2 +/- vs 2.0 +/- 1.2). Adhesion grade was significantly less in FG compared to C for the colon and the abdominal incision (0.4 +/- 0.5 vs 1.7 +/- 1.1 and 1.2 +/- 1.1 vs 3.0 +/- 1.2; P less than 0.05 by t-test). There were no differences in lavage RBC count between FG and C (13.1 x 106 +/- 4.1 x 10(6) vs 8.7 x 106 +/- 3.2 x 10(6)). Fibrin gel significantly decreased incisional and colonic adhesions and reduced other abdominal adhesion formation by a nonhemostatic dependent mechanism.
Abstract 2525: Identification and characterization of class I HDAC-specific small-molecule inhibitors with a novel pharmacophore (2014)

Abstract Small-molecule inhibitors of HDACs (HDIs) have therapeutic potentials for treating cancer, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative maladies. Two FDA-approved HDIs (vorinostat and romidepsin) are in clinical use for cancer therapy and a variety of other HDIs have been actively tested in clinical trials. Current challenges facing drug development of HDIs include the lack of isoform specificity, undesirable toxicity and suboptimal therapeutic efficacy against solid tumors. Most HDIs in preclinical or clinical evaluations belong to the hydroxamic acid or aminobenzamide classes. The former class lacks isoform specificity and the latter has not yet been approved for clinical use. Thus, the identification of HDIs with novel chemical properties and isoform-specificity may unleash the considerable therapeutic potential of targeting HDACs. We have conducted a high-throughput screening of &gt;620,000 compounds and identified a lead with a hitherto undescribed pharmacophore with an inhibitory specificity against the class I HDACs, and a low two-digit nanomolar potency. An array of synthetic analogs established the structure-activity relationship. These novel inhibitors induced histone hyperacetylation, suppressed cancer cell proliferation of diverse cancer cell lines including the NCI-60 panel, and malignant cell-biological features associated with tumor metastasis. These compounds are under active preclinical development for cancer therapy. Citation Format: Yunfei Wang, Ryan Stowe, Christie E. Pinello, Lisa Y. Zhao, Guimei Tian, Peter Hodder, William R. Roush, Daiqing Liao. Identification and characterization of class I HDAC-specific small-molecule inhibitors with a novel pharmacophore. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2525. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2525
Styrenated sunflower oil polymers from raft process for coating application (2011)

Abstract Oil‐based macroinitiator (MI) obtained from sunflower oil was styrenated using reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) in the presence of phenacyl morpholine dithiocarbamate (PMDC) as chain transfer agent. The solvent effect and effect of the molar ratio of the transfer agent, PMDC, on polydispersity and molecular weight of the polymers were investigated. The obtained results showed that, 1,4‐dioxane is a better solvent and 1/4 molar ratio of [MI]/[PMDC] provides relatively low polydispersities. No homopolystyrene was detected under these conditions, indicating the efficiency of PMDC in the chain transfer process. Livingness of the polymerization process was confirmed by chain extension with styrene using the preformed polymer as macrotransfer agent. The film properties of styrenated oil samples were determined according to the related standards. To improve film properties, the polymer obtained by RAFT technique was modified by reaction with MI. The resulting material gave transparent films with good film properties. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Pharmacodynamic Model of the Effects of Morphine and Morphine-6-Glucuronide During Patient-Controlled Analgesia (1996)

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1996) 59, 132–132; doi: 10.1038/sj.clpt.1996.28
Design guidelines of substrate-integrated cavity-backed patch antennas (2012)

A set of substrate-integrated cavity-backed patch antennas of alternative topologies is proposed. Using the substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) technology, the cavity backing the patch is emulated using array of plated through via holes. The proposed topologies have the potential to widen the inherent limited bandwidth of the conventional patch from typically 2% to about 15% depending on the height of the backing cavity. Additionally, the cavity enhances the antenna gain by about 2 dB, as the cavity is very effective in suppressing the unwanted surface waves, thus improving the radiation efficiency. Meanwhile, the proposed SIW topology has a low fabrication cost, as the whole structure could be attained using conventional printed circuit board processing. Design parameters of the SIW cavities are thoroughly investigated in this study, demonstrating their leakage characteristics. Four different structures are investigated corresponding to the different combinations of rectangular or circular patches backed by rectangular or circular SIW cavities. Detailed design guidelines are presented for the SIW cavities to ensure minimum leakage losses and for the radiating elements to achieve a desired fractional bandwidth. Based on experimental prototypes, a thorough comparative study between the four different topologies is presented demonstrating the attractive characteristics of each topology as far as gain, bandwidth, cross-pol level and mutual coupling.
Field Tests of Drill Bits With Enhanced Hydraulic Design (2016)

Abstract This paper aims to report the field test results of several drill bits with enhanced hydraulic design features including optimum nozzle orientation and blade height as well as new patent-pending flow guide. These drill bits were developed based on numerous experimental and numerical tests. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) was used to model the effect of various design features on bit hydraulics and then they were tested in Pressurized Drilling Lab (PDL). After the encouraging results of the experimental bits, several bits with enhanced hydraulic design were manufactured and sent to the filed for the final tests. The drilled formations were mostly soft to medium hard and ranged from shale to limestone. In most of reported cases, these bits outperformed the competition bits with Rate of Penetration (ROP) improvement ranging from 24% to 108% resulting in cost and time savings for operating companies.
Root gravitropism (1995)

When a plant root is reoriented within the gravity field, it responds by initiating a curvature which eventually results in vertical growth. Gravity sensing occurs primarily in the root tip. It may involve amyloplast sedimentation in the columella cells of the root cap, or the detection of forces exerted by the mass of the protoplast on opposite sides of its cell wall. Gravisensing activates a signal transduction cascade which results in the asymmetric redistribution of auxin and apoplastic Ca2+ across the root tip, with accumulation at the bottom side. The resulting lateral asymmetry in Ca2+ and auxin concentration is probably transmitted to the elongation zone where differential cellular elongation occurs until the tip resumes vertical growth. The Cholodny-Went theory proposes that gravity-induced auxin redistribution across a gravistimulated plant organ is responsible for the gravitropic response. However, recent data indicate that the gravity-induced reorientation is more complex, involving both auxin gradient-dependent and auxin gradient-independent events.
Cancer growth and progression in the framework of comparative oncology. A new approach to cancer therapy. (1992)

The influence of comparative oncology is most timely in view of the fact that there are significant intra- and interspecies differences in tumor development, tumor behavior and tumor reaction to various types of treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and multimodality-therapy. A comparison of the diverse processes which occur under normal, physiological, neoplastic and therapeutic conditions will result in a clearer understanding of tumor growth and progression. Similarly, it can be applied for selection of suitable treatment by enriching our knowledge about the progression of neoplastic diseases. Such a course will also enhance a general acceptance of the value of comparative oncology.
Sildenafil for Male Erectile Dysfunction (2002)

Sildenafil improves erectile function and is generally well tolerated. Treatment response seems to vary between patient subgroups, although sildenafil has greater efficacy than placebo in all evaluated subgroups.
Erbium doped fiber amplifiers for future undersea transmission systems (1990)

Results obtained with analytical models of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs), which have potential as repeaters in lightwave transmission system, are summarized. The results pertain to the dispersion and noise characteristics of the amplifiers. Experimental results that verify some of the analysis are examined. The results show that EDFA systems are promising for undersea applications. Large dispersion penalties can be avoided by using dispersion-shifted fiber and transform-limited pulses placed close to the fiber's zero dispersion wavelength. Noise can be controlled by optical filters between the amplifiers or in front of the receiver, or both.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Evidence for lysosomal biogenesis proteome defect and impaired autophagy in preeclampsia (2019)

The etiology of preeclampsia (PE), a serious pregnancy complication, remains an enigma. We have demonstrated that proteinopathy, a pathologic feature of neurodegenerative diseases, is a key observation in the placenta and serum from PE patients. We hypothesize that the macroautophagy/autophagy machinery that mediates degradation of aggregated proteins and damaged organelles is impaired in PE. Here, we show that TFEB (transcription factor EB), a master transcriptional regulator of lysosomal biogenesis, and its regulated proteins, LAMP1, LAMP2, and CTSD (cathepsin D), were dysregulated in the placenta from early and late onset PE deliveries. Primary human trophoblasts and immortalized extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) showed reduced TFEB expression and nuclear translocation as well as lysosomal protein content in response to hypoxia. Hypoxia-exposed trophoblasts also showed decreased PPP3/calcineurin phosphatase activity and increased XPO1/CRM1 (exportin 1), events that inhibit TFEB nuclear translocation. These proteins were also dysregulated in the PE placenta. These results are supported by observed lysosomal ultrastructural defects with decreased number of autolysosomes in hypoxia-treated primary human trophoblasts. Autophagy-deficient human EVTs exhibited poor TFEB nuclear translocation, reduced lysosomal protein expression and function, and increased MTORC1 activity. Sera from PE patients induced these features and protein aggregation in EVTs. Importantly, trophoblast-specific conditional <i>atg7</i> knockout mice exhibited reduced TFEB expression with increased deposition of protein aggregates in the placenta. These results provide compelling evidence for a regulatory link between accumulation of protein aggregates and TFEB-mediated impaired lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy in the placenta of PE patients. <b>Abbreviation:</b><i>atg7</i>: autophagy related 7; CTSD: cathepsin D; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; EVTs: extravillous trophoblasts; KRT7: keratin 7; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; LAMP2: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2; mSt: mStrawberry; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; NP: normal pregnancy; NPS: normal pregnancy serum; PE: preeclampsia; PES: preeclampsia serum; p-RPS6KB: phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TFEB: transcription factor EB; XPO1/CRM1: exportin 1.
Implications of Collaboration in Education (2010)

There are many examples of collaboration in education. Superintendents must collaborate withdepartment heads, principals, teacher associations, and state agencies. Principals must collaboratewith teachers, parents, student organizations, and local agencies. Teacher educators must collaboratewithin the University as well as with local education agencies and pre-service teachers. Specialeducators must collaborate with parents, agencies, regular education teachers, school psychologists,etc. While these examples in no way encompass the myriad forms of collaboration necessary ineducation, they bring clarity to the fact that no level of education is immune to collaboration.
Highly Selective and Sensitive Preconcentration of Mercury Ion and Determination by Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (2006)

Abstract A simple and selective method based on a sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)–coated chromosorb P modified by 2‐mercaptobenzoxazole (MBO) has been developed to selectively separate and concentrate ultra trace amounts of mercury(II) ions for its highly sensitive measurement by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS). The mercury ions were adsorbed quantitatively on SDS‐coated chromosorb due to its complexation with MBO, while the retained Hg2+ ions were then stripped from the column with minimal amounts of 2 M nitric acid in acetone. The eluting solution was sent to CV‐AAS for evaluating Hg2+ ion content and results indicate that the calibration curve was linear for Hg2+ ion in the range of 0.05–85.6 ng mL−1 and 0.09–9.6 µg mL−1 of Hg2+ ions. Maximum capacity of the SDS‐coated chromosorb modified with 40 mg of the ligand was found to be 498±30 µg of mercury(II), the limit of detection was 0.01 ng mL−1, and enrichment factors were about 300, which make it suitable it for dilute solution analysis. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Hg2+ ion content in real samples. Keywords: 2‐Mercaptobenzoxazolemercury(II) ionsolid phase extractioncold vapor atomic absorption spectrometrychromosorb P Acknowledgments The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of this work by the University of Yasouj Research Council.
Emission of terahertz radiation from dual grating gate plasmon-resonant emitters fabricated with InGaP/InGaAs/GaAs material systems (2008)

This paper reviews recent advances in our original 2D-plasmon-resonant terahertz emitters. The structure is based on a high-electron-mobility transistor and featured with doubly interdigitated grating gates. The dual grating gates can alternately modulate the 2D electron densities to periodically distribute the plasmonic cavities along the channel, acting as an antenna. The device can emit broadband terahertz radiation even at room temperature from self-oscillating 2D plasmons under the DC-biased conditions. When the device is subjected to laser illumination, photo-generated carriers stimulate the plasma oscillation, resulting in enhancement of the emission. The first sample was fabricated with standard GaAs-based heterostructure material systems, achieving room temperature terahertz emission. The second sample was fabricated in a double-decked HEMT structure in which the grating gate metal layer was replaced with the semiconducting upper-deck 2D electron layer, resulting in enhancement of emission by one order of magnitude.