gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The Neurofilament-Derived Peptide NFL-TBS.40-63 Targets Neural Stem Cells and Affects Their Properties (2016)

Abstract Targeting neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult brain represents a promising approach for developing new regenerative strategies, because these cells can proliferate, self-renew, and differentiate into new neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Previous work showed that the NFL-TBS.40-63 peptide, corresponding to the sequence of a tubulin-binding site on neurofilaments, can target glioblastoma cells, where it disrupts their microtubules and inhibits their proliferation. We show that this peptide targets NSCs in vitro and in vivo when injected into the cerebrospinal fluid. Although neurosphere formation was not altered by the peptide, the NSC self-renewal capacity and proliferation were reduced and were associated with increased adhesion and differentiation. These results indicate that the NFL-TBS.40-63 peptide represents a new molecular tool to target NSCs to develop new strategies for regenerative medicine and the treatment of brain tumors. Significance In the present study, the NFL-TBS.40-63 peptide targeted neural stem cells in vitro when isolated from the subventricular zone and in vivo when injected into the cerebrospinal fluid present in the lateral ventricle. The in vitro formation of neurospheres was not altered by the peptide; however, at a high concentration of the peptide, the neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal capacity and proliferation were reduced and associated with increased adhesion and differentiation. These results indicate that the NFL-TBS.40-63 peptide represents a new molecular tool to target NSCs to develop new strategies for regenerative medicine and the treatment of brain tumors.
Molecular Characterization of a Novel Glucosyltransferase from <i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i> Strain 121 Synthesizing a Unique, Highly Branched Glucan with α-(1→4) and α-(1→6) Glucosidic Bonds (2002)

Lactobacillus reuteri strain 121 produces a unique, highly branched, soluble glucan in which the majority of the linkages are of the alpha-(1-->4) glucosidic type. The glucan also contains alpha-(1-->6)-linked glucosyl units and 4,6-disubstituted alpha-glucosyl units at the branching points. Using degenerate primers, based on the amino acid sequences of conserved regions from known glucosyltransferase (gtf) genes from lactic acid bacteria, the L. reuteri strain 121 glucosyltransferase gene (gtfA) was isolated. The gtfA open reading frame (ORF) was 5,343 bp, and it encodes a protein of 1,781 amino acids with a deduced M(r) of 198,637. The deduced amino acid sequence of GTFA revealed clear similarities with other glucosyltransferases. GTFA has a relatively large variable N-terminal domain (702 amino acids) with five unique repeats and a relatively short C-terminal domain (267 amino acids). The gtfA gene was expressed in Escherichia coli, yielding an active GTFA enzyme. With respect to binding type and size distribution, the recombinant GTFA enzyme and the L. reuteri strain 121 culture supernatants synthesized identical glucan polymers. Furthermore, the deduced amino acid sequence of the gtfA ORF and the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the glucosyltransferase isolated from culture supernatants of L. reuteri strain 121 were the same. GTFA is thus responsible for the synthesis of the unique glucan polymer in L. reuteri strain 121. This is the first report on the molecular characterization of a glucosyltransferase from a Lactobacillus strain.
Inhibition of aldose reductases from rat and bovine lenses by hydantoin derivatives. (1982)

The development of potent aldose reductase inhibitors as therapeutic agents for diabetic complications is highly desirable. The inhibitory action of 54 hydantoin derivatives consisting of 25 hydantoins, 21 2-thiohydantoins and 8 2-alkylthiohydantoins was therefore tested on rat and bovine lens aldose reductases in vitro. 1-(Phenylsulfonyl)-hydantoin (18) and its derivatives, 1-[(substituted phenyl) sulfonyl] hydantoins, were found to be potent inhibitors of the enzymes. 1-[(p-Bromophenyl) sulfonyl] hydantoin (49) was the most potent among them. It inhibited purified rat and bovine lens aldose reductases by 50% at 7×10-7M and 3.7×10-7M, respectively. Inhibition of rat and bovine lens aldose reductases by this compound (49) was due to its non-ionized form, but not the ionized form, and was of a non-competitive type with respect to DL-glyceraldehyde as a substrate.
Experimental study of the coupled cord downhole seismic source (1990)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1990Experimental study of the coupled cord downhole seismic sourceAuthors: Gildas OmnesGildas OmnesCGG, Massy, Francehttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890034 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InReddit Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890034FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byDevelopment of a downhole sparker source with adjustable frequenciesWerner M. Heigl, Robert P. Radtke, Robert H. Stokes, and David A. Glowka25 October 2012 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1990 ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645 Copyright: 1990 Pages: 1779 publication data© 1990 Copyright © 1990 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Gildas Omnes, (1990), "Experimental study of the coupled cord downhole seismic source," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 148-152. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1890034 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Laminated antiferromagnetically coupled media - optimization and extendibility (2005)

Lamination of multiple isolated magnetic layers has been shown to be an effective method to significantly increase signal-to-noise ratio in longitudinal media. These laminated media, however, are accompanied by low overwrite and wide magnetic pulse width, mainly as a result of poor writing of the bit transitions in the magnetic layer further away from the head and an offset in the transition position in the multiple magnetic layers resulting from head field spacing loss. We have demonstrated that the transition writing and transition alignment in the multiple magnetic layers of the laminated antiferromagnetically coupled (AFC) media can be optimized by adjusting the magnetic anisotropy of the relevant magnetic layers to compensate for the reduction of the head field magnitude with spacing. Such optimization results in significant improvements in media recording performance, leading to successful application of this medium technology. In this paper, we will highlight some of these improvements and discuss our approaches to further improve the recording performance by reducing the thicknesses of the magnetic layers and the lamination spacer layer in the laminated AFC film stack and by introducing additional elements in the magnetic layer.
Lignin as a Binder Material for Eco-Friendly Li-Ion Batteries (2016)

The industrial lignin used here is a byproduct from Kraft pulp mills, extracted from black liquor. Since lignin is inexpensive, abundant and renewable, its utilization has attracted more and more attention. In this work, lignin was used for the first time as binder material for LiFePO₄ positive and graphite negative electrodes in Li-ion batteries. A procedure for pretreatment of lignin, where low-molecular fractions were removed by leaching, was necessary to obtain good battery performance. The lignin was analyzed for molecular mass distribution and thermal behavior prior to and after the pretreatment. Electrodes containing active material, conductive particles and lignin were cast on metal foils, acting as current collectors and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and galvanostatic charge-discharge cycles. Good reversible capacities were obtained, 148 mAh·g<sup>-1</sup> for the positive electrode and 305 mAh·g<sup>-1</sup> for the negative electrode. Fairly good rate capabilities were found for both the positive electrode with 117 mAh·g<sup>-1</sup> and the negative electrode with 160 mAh·g<sup>-1</sup> at 1C. Low ohmic resistance also indicated good binder functionality. The results show that lignin is a promising candidate as binder material for electrodes in eco-friendly Li-ion batteries.
Cavity design for improved electrical injection in InAlGaP/AlGaAs visible (639–661 nm) vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser diodes (1993)

A novel optical cavity design for improved electrical injection in visible vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) diodes employing an InGaP/InAlGaP strained quantum-well active optical cavity and AlAs/Al0.5Ga0.5As distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) is described. The cavity design was determined by measuring the lasing threshold current density of visible edge-emitting laser diodes with AlAs/Al0.5Ga0.5As DBR cladding layers. By inserting InAlP spacer layers between the active region and the DBR cladding, significant improvement in the performance of the edge-emitting lasers was achieved. This approach was then applied to the design of visible VCSEL diodes, and resulted in the first demonstration of room-temperature electrically injected lasing, over the wavelength range 639–661 nm. The visible VCSELs, with a diameter of 20 μm, exhibit pulsed output power of 3.4 mW at 650 nm, and continue to lase at a duty cycle of 40%. The threshold current was 30 mA, with a low threshold voltage (2.7 V) and low series resistance (&lt;15 Ω).
Detection Performance in Ultrasound Super-Resolution Imaging (2022)

Many thresholding and localization methods have been developed in the field of image processing, but their effect has not been investigated and compared with each other for microbubble (MB) detection from ultrasound data. This work compares the detection performance in two sets of simulated data for the ULTRA-SR challenge with 15 thresholds and 2 localization methods. The best method based on the test dataset was Yen's adaptive threshold followed by localization using local maxima with parabolic interpolation. The true positive (TP), false positive (FP), and false negative (FN) detections using the Yens threshold compared with optimal fixed threshold were (TP:2638/2634, FP: 3508/3512, FN: 705/708) in high frequency data set and (TP:130/112, FP: 658/676, FN: 2380/180) in low frequency data set. The fixed threshold was optimal in Jaccard similarity coefficient (JSC) sense. This means that the threshold was adjusted to have the maximum <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{JSC}=\mathbf{T P} /(\mathbf{T P}+\mathbf{F P}+\mathbf{F N})$</tex> based on the ground truth. The Yens threshold with parabolic interpolation had the closest metrics to the optimal fixed threshold for both high and low frequency test dataset. The challenge's final synthetic and in vivo dataset were processed based on the selected method and their results are also shown and discussed in this article.
A multi-level convolutional LSTM model for the segmentation of left ventricle myocardium in infarcted porcine cine MR images (2018)

Automatic segmentation of left ventricle (LV) myocardium in cardiac short-axis cine MR images acquired on subjects with myocardial infarction is a challenging task, mainly because of the various types of image inhomogeneity caused by the infarctions. Among the approaches proposed to automate the LV myocardium segmentation task, methods based upon deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) have demonstrated their exceptional accuracy and robustness in recent years. However, most of the CNN-based approaches treat the frames in a cardiac cycle independently, which fails to capture the valuable dynamics of heart motion. Herein, an approach based on recurrent neural network (RNN), specifically a multi-level convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) model, is proposed to take the motion of the heart into consideration. Based on a ResNet-56 CNN, LV-related image features in consecutive frames of a cardiac cycle are extracted at both the low- and high-resolution levels, which are processed by the corresponding multi-level ConvLSTM models to generate the myocardium segmentations. A leave-one-out experiment was carried out on a set of 3,600 cardiac cine MR slices collected in-house for 8 porcine subjects with surgically induced myocardial infarction. Compared with a solely CNN-based approach, the proposed approach demonstrated its superior robustness against image inhomogeneity by incorporating information from adjacent frames. It also outperformed a one-level ConvLSTM approach thanks to its capabilities to take advantage of image features at multiple resolution levels.
Analyses for binding of the transferrin family of proteins to the transferrin receptor 2 (2004)

Transferrin receptor 2 alpha (TfR2 alpha), the major product of the TfR2 gene, is the second receptor for transferrin (Tf), which can mediate cellular iron uptake in vitro. Homozygous mutations of TfR2 cause haemochromatosis, suggesting that TfR2 alpha may not be a simple iron transporter, but a regulator of iron by identifying iron-Tf. In this study, we analysed the ligand specificity of TfR2 alpha using human transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and TfR2 alpha-stably transfected and expressing cells and flow-cytometric techniques. We showed that human TfR2 alpha interacted with both human and bovine Tf, whereas human TfR1 interacted only with human Tf. Neither human TfR1 nor TfR2 alpha interacted with either lactoferrin or melanotransferrin. In addition, by creating point mutations in human TfR2 alpha, the RGD sequence in the extracellular domain of TfR2 alpha was shown to be crucial for Tf-binding. Furthermore, we demonstrated that mutated TfR2 alpha (Y250X), which has been reported in patients with hereditary haemochromatosis, also lost its ability to interact with both human and bovine Tf. Although human TfR1 and TfR2 alpha share an essential structure (RGD) for ligand-binding, they have clearly different ligand specificities, which may be related to the differences in their roles in iron metabolism.
Discovery of PEGylated 6-Benzhydryl-4-amino-quinazolines as Peripherally Restricted CB<sub>1</sub>R Inverse Agonists (2020)

The 6-benzhydryl-4-amino-quinolin-2-ones are peripherally restricted CB<sub>1</sub> receptor inverse agonists (CB<sub>1</sub>RIAs) that have been reported to attenuate obesity and improve insulin sensitivity in the diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse model. However, chronic dosing of select compounds from the series showed time-dependent brain accumulation despite a low brain/plasma exposure ratio. To address this issue, a PEGylation approach was employed to identify a novel series of homodimeric 6-benzhydryl-4-amino-quinazoline-PEG conjugates with an extended half-life. The lead compound <b>18</b> engaged peripheral CB<sub>1</sub>Rs in a gastrointestinal (GI) tract motility study and demonstrated a high level of peripheral restriction in a chronic DIO mouse pharmacokinetic study.
A context-aware recommendation system considering both user preferences and learned behavior (2011)

Context awareness is an important aspect to be considered for intelligent recommendation systems. In this paper we consider the TV recommendation scenario. We argue that content-based recommendation is best suited for an environment where a database of similar user's ratings of the program is not available. Also, it is important to consider both user preferences as well as learned user behavior. We present our design of a context-aware TV recommender which considers the user's context, user's preferences and user's TV viewing behavior. We consider an algorithm reported in the literature which uses user modeling to learn user's viewing habits, and extend this algorithm to add context-based and user preference-based recommendations. Finally, we present our results of a user study which validates the efficiency of our algorithm.
Antitumor activity of a new antitumor antibiotic, sporamycin. (1977)

Sporamycin is an antitumor antibiotic isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptosporangium strain No. PO-357. Hydrolysate of the antibiotic showed at least 12 kinds of amino acid, and the molecular weight was calculated approximately as 8,500 approximately 9,000. Antitumor activities of Sporamycin were examined on murine tumors according to different schedules of treatment. After nine daily doses of the antibiotic had been given to dd mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, significant increase of lifespan was observed at doses of 5.0 approximately 1.3 mg/kg. A marked decrease in tumor size of sarcoma-180 transplanted subcutaneously was observed when the mice were treated by daily or single injection of Sporamycin. Against leukemia P-388 and L-1210 inoculated intraperitoneally into CDF1 mice, the antibiotic increased lifespan of leukemic mice. The antibiotic also inhibited significantly the growth of human tumor cells in vitro.
Optimal Space-Time-Frequency Design of Microphone Networks (2014)

Consider a sensing system using a large number of N microphones placed in multiple dimensions to monitor a acoustic field. Using all the microphones at once is impractical because of the amount data generated. Instead, we choose a subset of D microphones to be active. Specifically, we wish to find the D set of microphones that minimizes the largest interference gain at multiple frequencies while monitoring a target of interest. A direct, combinatorial approach - testing all N choose D subsets of microphones - is impractical because of problem size. Instead, we use a convex optimization technique that induces sparsity through a l1-penalty to determine which subset of microphones to use. Our work investigates not only the optimal placement (space) of microphones but also how to process the output of each microphone (time/frequency). We explore this problem for both single and multi-frequency sources, optimizing both microphone weights and positions simultaneously. In addition, we explore this problem for random sources where the output of each of the N microphones is processed by an individual multirate filterbank. The N processed filterbank outputs are then combined to form one final signal. In this case, we fix all the analysis filters and optimize over all the synthesis filters. We show how to convert the continuous frequency problem to a discrete frequency approximation that is computationally tractable. In this random source/multirate filterbank case, we once again optimize over space-time-frequency simultaneously.
Enhancement of thermoelectric figure-of-merit by resonant states of aluminium doping in lead selenide (2011)

By adding aluminium (Al) into lead selenide (PbSe), we successfully prepared n-type PbSe thermoelectric materials with a figure-of-merit (ZT) of 1.3 at 850 K. Such a high ZT is achieved by a combination of high Seebeck coefficient caused by very possibly the resonant states in the conduction band created by Al dopant and low thermal conductivity from nanosized phonon scattering centers.
Breaking the Test Application Time Barriers in Compression: Adaptive Scan-Cyclical (AS-C) (2011)

Scan compression technology innovation has broken out into solving the data volume problem keeping the test application time gains relatively constant over the generations of technologies. While data volume reductions are important there is a need to take the test application time gains to the next level as it has a direct impact to the cost of test. In this paper an enhancement to combinational compression is described that relies on increasing the encoding bandwidth for aggressive test application time targets. An architecture is described that adds very little area overhead to a combinational compression architecture by reusing the internal scan chains of the design for encoding bandwidth for a set of the test patterns.
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Development of a Novel Deep-Brain Triple-Halo Coil (2019)

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive treatment for major depressive disorder. TMS coil design plays an important role in maximizing the magnetic field strength at the required location in the brain. Development of deep-brain TMS coils to stimulate subcortical structures will expand the uses of TMS beyond the simulation of superficial cortical targets. The simulation of deep-brain regions may have beneficial effects on neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, posttraumatic stress disorder, and mild traumatic brain injury. In this letter, a multicoil configuration, the triple-halo coil (THC), which can stimulate deep brain structures such as the hippocampus and amygdala, is designed and tested. A finite element tool is used to determine the induced electric field and magnetic field in these regions due to the THC alone and in combination with a figure-of-8 coil. Analysis of the results is done with the help of an anatomically accurate heterogeneous head model of a 34-year-old man derived from magnetic resonance imaging. The magnetic field of the THC is measured and compared with the simulated field.
Synthesis and biologic evaluation of a novel serotonin 5-HT1A receptor radioligand, 18F-labeled mefway, in rodents and imaging by PET in a nonhuman primate. (2006)

The high ratios in specific brain regions such as the hippocampus suggest that 18F-mefway has potential as a PET agent for 5HT1A receptors.
2‘-<i>O</i>-[2-[2-(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethyl] Modified Oligonucleotides:  Symbiosis of Charge Interaction Factors and Stereoelectronic Effects (2003)

[structure: see text] Oligonucleotides with a novel, 2'-O-[2-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethyl] (2'-O-DMAEOE) modification have been synthesized. This modification, a cationic analogue of the 2'-O-(2-methoxyethyl) (2'-O-MOE) modification, exhibits high binding affinity to target RNA (but not to DNA) and exceptional resistance to nuclease degradation. Analysis of the crystal structure of a self-complementary oligonucleotide containing a single 2'-O-DMAEOE modification explains the importance of charge factors and gauche effects on the observed antisense properties. 2'-O-DMAEOE modified oligonucleotides are ideal candidates for antisense drugs.
Behavioral comprehensive efficiency modeling of motor drive systems based on physical measurements (2015)

In this paper, a comprehensive behavioral efficiency model of an electric motor drive system is proposed. The proposed model includes all possible motor drive losses without ignoring, approximating or assuming any of the inverter or machine losses, which are usually done for other efficiency models, hence the model is comprehensive. The input (DC electrical) and the output (mechanical) power of the motor drive system were measured and recorded for different drive operating points. These data were used to build the behavioral model through surface fitting using MATLAB. Different kinds of surface fits were used and discussed, and their effectiveness was evaluated. Moreover, a mathematical expression extracted from polynomial surface fit was used to derive the maximum efficiency point. The accuracy of this approach was verified with an additional experimental dataset not used for surface fitting. The proposed model can be easily integrated when designing, manufacturing and commissioning electric drives using rapid prototyping tools, and when designing maximum efficiency or minimum power loss control algorithms.