gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and Tissue Distribution of Rat Cathepsin L1 (1986)

Cathepsin L was purified to apparent homogeneity from rat kidney. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 30,000, but part of the enzyme was found to consist of two polypeptide chains of Mr 25,000 and 5,000. Antibody against rat kidney cathepsin L did not cross-react with rat cathepsin B or H and detected only cathepsin L in crude rat tissue preparations on immunoblotted sheets. The concentrations of cathepsin L in various rat tissues and peripheral blood cells of rats were determined by a sensitive immunoassay, in which the minimum detectable amount of cathepsin L was 20 pg/assay. The concentration of cathepsin L was found to be highest in the kidneys, where it was more than 3 times higher than in the liver, spleen, lungs, and brain. Nervous tissues, especially the cerebellar cortex, also contained fairly high concentrations of cathepsin L, but the heart, skeletal muscle, and gastrointestinal tract contained low concentrations, as did peripheral blood cells. The cathepsin L content of macrophages was 20% of that of cathepsin B. The concentrations of cathepsin L in lymphocytes, neutrophils, and erythrocytes were 10%, 20%, and less than 0.2%, respectively, of those in resident macrophages.
CRYPTOCURRENCIES LEGAL REGULATION (2018)

This article evaluates the legal framework of cryptocurrency in various countries. The new currency instrument is abstract currencies. They are currencies in the sense that they can be exchanged peer-to-peer. They are representations of numbers, i.e. abstract objects. An abstract currency system is a self-enforcing system of property rights over an abstract instrument which gives its owners the freedom to use and the right to exclude others from using the instrument. Cryptocurrency or virtual currency is a cryptographically protected, decentralized digital currency used as a means of exchange. Due to the development of new technologies and innovations, the rate of use of virtual currency is rapidly increasing throughout the globe, replacing not only cash payments and payments by bank transfer, but also electronic cash payments. Among the best-known representatives of cryptocurrencies are Bitcoin, Litecoin and Ethereum. Legal scholars have not yet reached a consensus regarding the nature and legal status of virtual currency. Virtual currency possesses the nature of obligations righ ts as well as property rights, since it may be both a means of payment and a commodity. Depending on the country, the approach to cryptocurrencies may be different. Today there is already an international cryptocurrency community that does not have a single coordinating center. Only progressive jurisdiction and state regulation of cryptocurrency activity will allow the creation of the conditions that will ensure the implementation of legitimate and safe cryptocurrency relations.
Effect of Continuous Bioartificial Kidney Therapy on Porcine Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome With Acute Renal Failure (2007)

The bioartificial kidney (BK) was fabricated with primary culture of human proximal tubular cells growing in a hemofilter. A porcine model with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, including acute renal failure, was induced by cecal ligation and puncture and bilateral ureteral ligation. The models were treated with BK (group A) or sham BK (group B) or without treatment (group C). Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) was higher in group A (88.13 +/- 7.62) than in groups B and C (63.50 +/- 11.82, 53.50 +/- 2.52) at 24 hours (p < 0.01). Serum blood urea nitrogen, Cr, K, Pao2, and HCO3 were similar during the treatment periods between groups A and B, which were better than those in group C. In group A, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (pg/mL) was 394.42 +/- 35.62 at 24 hours, lower than that of groups B and C (531.76 +/- 30.23, 552.89 +/- 27.81) (p < 0.05). Peak level of interleukin (IL)-10 (pg/mL) was higher in group A (272.36 +/- 48.89) than in groups B and C (106.30 +/- 29.69, 102.59 +/- 10.21) (p < 0.01). There was no difference of serum IL-6 between pretreatment and post-treatment in groups A and B, but serum IL-6 gradually increased in group C. The survival time (hours) was longer in group A than in other groups, which was prolonged by 46.20% and 58.39%. Results indicate that BK can ameliorate mean arterial pressure, decrease serum TNF-alpha, increase serum IL-10, and prolong survival time of pigs with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and acute renal failure.
Non-Stationary Texture Synthesis by Adversarial Expansion (2018)

The real world exhibits an abundance of non-stationary textures. Examples include textures with large-scale structures, as well as spatially variant and inhomogeneous textures. While existing example-based texture synthesis methods can cope well with stationary textures, non-stationary textures still pose a considerable challenge, which remains unresolved. In this paper, we propose a new approach for example-based non-stationary texture synthesis. Our approach uses a generative adversarial network (GAN), trained to double the spatial extent of texture blocks extracted from a specific texture exemplar. Once trained, the fully convolutional generator is able to expand the size of the entire exemplar, as well as of any of its sub-blocks. We demonstrate that this conceptually simple approach is highly effective for capturing large-scale structures, as well as other non-stationary attributes of the input exemplar. As a result, it can cope with challenging textures, which, to our knowledge, no other existing method can handle.
Polo boxes and Cut23 (Apc8) mediate an interaction between polo kinase and the anaphase-promoting complex for fission yeast mitosis (2002)

The fission yeast plo1(+) gene encodes a polo-like kinase, a member of a conserved family of kinases which play multiple roles during the cell cycle. We show that Plo1 kinase physically interacts with the anaphase-promoting complex (APC)/cyclosome through the noncatalytic domain of Plo1 and the tetratricopeptide repeat domain of the subunit, Cut23. A new cut23 mutation, which specifically disrupts the interaction with Plo1, results in a metaphase arrest. This arrest can be rescued by high expression of Plo1 kinase. We suggest that this physical interaction is crucial for mitotic progression by targeting polo kinase activity toward the APC.
The <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> LpxXL and AcpXL Proteins Play Important Roles in Bacteroid Development within Alfalfa (2009)

Free-living Sinorhizobium meliloti lpxXL and acpXL mutants lack lipid A very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) and have reduced competitiveness in alfalfa. We demonstrate that LpxXL and AcpXL play important but distinct roles in bacteroid development and that LpxXL is essential for the modification of S. meliloti bacteroid lipid A with VLCFAs.
Conformal Integrated Solar Panel Antennas: Two effective integration methods of antennas with solar cells (2017)

This article reviews two conformal antenna designs that can be integrated with CubeSats' solar panels without competing for surface real estate. The first type of antenna is of slot geometry so that the antennas can be integrated around solar cells, and the second type is optically transparent patches that can be placed on top of solar cells. Detailed design philosophy, prototypes, measurements, and assessment of interaction between the antennas and solar cells are presented. As larger CubeSats have sufficient panel area to host antenna arrays, a subwavelength reflectarray, with optimal overall properties both in terms of gain and optical transparency, is presented. The overall transparency and aperture efficiency of the reflectarray are higher than 90% and 40%, respectively, making it a promising solution as a high-gain conformal CubeSat antenna.
Conversion of Multi-layered MoTe2 Transistor Between P-Type and N-Type and Their Use in Inverter (2018)

Both p-type and n-type MoTe<sub>2</sub> transistors are needed to fabricate complementary electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this study, we fabricate air-stable p-type multi-layered MoTe<sub>2</sub> transistors using Au as electrode and achieve the conversion of p-type transistor to n-type by annealing it in vacuum. Temperature-dependent in situ measurements assisted by the results given by first-principle simulations indicate that n-type conductance is an intrinsic property, which is attributed to tellurium vacancies in MoTe<sub>2</sub>, while the device in air experiences a charge transfer which is caused by oxygen/water redox couple and is converted to air-stable p-type transistor. Based on p-type and n-type multi-layered MoTe<sub>2</sub> transistors, we demonstrate a complementary inverter with gain values as high as 9 at V<sub>DD</sub> = 5 V.
Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Matrix Metalloproteinase‐12–Positive Macrophage Subpopulation Predicts Adverse Outcome After Endarterectomy (2012)

The prevalence of an MMP-12-positive subset of FCMs is a prognostic marker for adverse clinical outcome after CEA.
The Anesthetic Conserving Device Compared with Conventional Circle System Used Under Different Flow Conditions for Inhaled Anesthesia (2003)

The Anesthetic Conserving Device (ACD) is a new device for anesthetic vapor delivery. We demonstrated that the ACD reduces anesthetic consumption and environmental pollution similarly to a low-flow circle system, offering advantages such as simplicity, no toxicity from compounds produced in the absorber, and potential cost savings.
Automatic scaling and cropping of videos for devices with limited screen resolution (2006)

A large number of previously recorded videos cannot be directly visualized on mobile devices like PDAs or mobile phones due to an inappropriate screen resolution of their displays. Transcoding can be used to change the resolution, however, the usual transcoding algorithms have problems preserving the semantic content. For instance, superimposed text is unreadable if the character size drops below a certain value. In this paper, we present a novel adaptation algorithm to scale and crop videos while preserving their semantic content. Semantic features in a shot are combined to select a suitable region to be resented in the adapted video.
Microfluidic ultralow interfacial tensiometry with magnetic particles (2012)

We describe a technique that measures ultralow interfacial tensions using paramagnetic spheres in a co-flow microfluidic device designed with a magnetic section. Our method involves tuning the distance between the co-flowing interface and the magnet's center, and observing the behavior of the spheres as they approach the liquid-liquid interface-the particles either pass through or are trapped by the interface. Using threshold values of the magnet-to-interface distance, we make estimates of the two-fluid interfacial tension. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique for measuring very low interfacial tensions, O(10(-6)-10(-5)) N m(-1), by testing solutions of different surfactant concentrations, and we show that our results are comparable with measurements made using a spinning drop tensiometer.
Infection and Antibiotic Use in a Community Hospital, 1971-1990 (1991)

Abstract Objective: To determine the prevalence of infections and antibiotic use at a community hospital in 1990 and to compare the results with those from previous surveys in 1971, 1979, and 1984. Design: Point prevalence survey. Setting: Community teaching hospital. Participants: All hospitalized patients, excluding those on the nursery, psychiatry, and short-stay wards. Intervention: Medical records were reviewed and a pertinent physical examination was performed on each patient. Results: Overall, 46 (20.1%) of 229 patients had infection in 1990. Community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections were present in 26 (11.4%) and 24 (10.5%) of the patients, respectively. The most common site of community-acquired infection was the deep abdomen in 8 (25.8%) of 32 sites, while hospital-acquired infection most frequently involved the lower respiratory tract in 8 (25.0%) of 32 sites. Antimicrobial agents were being administered to 88 (38.4%) of the patients. Cephalosporins (particularly newer, broad-spectrum agents) were the most frequently used antibiotics, comprising 53 (45.3%) of the 117 total antimicrobial prescriptions. seven (18.4%) of the 38 antibiotics used for surgical prophylaxis were given for more than 48 hours. Trend analysis revealed no significant changes in the proportions of patients with community-acquired, hospital-acquired, or total infection over the last 20 years (p=.18, p=.12, and p=.O7, respectively). While the overall use of antibiotics increased p<.ool), the administration of prophylactic perioperative antibiotics for greater than 48 hours decreased p=.009). Conclusions: Despite major shifts in factors associated with an increased risk of infection, the overall prevalences of hospital-acquired and community-acquired infections remained remarkably constant during the last 20 years. Although total antibiotic use increased, the duration of surgical prophylaxis decreased and the pattern of use of therapeutic antibiotics also changed with increased use of broad-spectrum agents
Business continuity and mission critical applications (2005)

While large-scale disasters happen relatively infrequently, there are many other exposures or potential frequent disruptions that may affect organizations and their key applications - from just a keystroke error to a full-scale virus attack, or a variety of software or hardware problems. These events, while not necessarily considered wide scale disasters, can in fact bring mission critical systems to a standstill, and severely impact operations, unless mitigation measures have been identified and put in place.
Active radiometer for self-calibrated furnace temperature measurements (2023)

Radiometer with a probe beam superimposed on its field-of-view for furnace temperature measurements. The radiometer includes a heterodyne millimeter/submillimeter-wave receiver including a millimeter/submillimeter-wave source for probing. The receiver is adapted to receive radiation from a surface whose temperature is to be measured. The radiation includes a surface emission portion and a surface reflection portion which includes the probe beam energy reflected from the surface. The surface emission portion is related to the surface temperature and the surface reflection portion is related to the emissivity of the surface. The simultaneous measurement of surface emissivity serves as a real time calibration of the temperature measurement.
Cost Efficient Methods to Improve Performance of Broadcast Scan (2008)

This paper presents techniques to improve compressions by improving fault coverage that can be achieved by broadcast scan. Due to reconvergent gates that artificially occur in broadcast scan, broadcast scan fault coverage is often much lower than standard serial scan fault coverage. The proposed scan chain reordering technique improves broadcast scan fault coverage by minimizing the number of reconvergent gates and hence no or very small number of test patterns are required to be applied by standard serial scan to detect faults undetected by broadcast scan. This increases the overall compression ratio. To eliminate or minimize increase in routing overhead, the distance that each scan cell can be relocated by the scan chain reordering procedure is limited. Test points are inserted to further reduce correlation among outputs of scancells. The proposed scan chain reordering technique improved broadcast scan fault converge by up to 8.5%. Large fault coverage improvement was achieved by the proposed method, especially for circuits that suffer low broadcast scan fault coverage. Broadcast scan fault coverage for the largest two industrial designs was even higher than standard serial scan fault coverage.
Advances in the Production and Batch Reformatting of Phage Antibody Libraries (2019)

Phage display antibody libraries have proven an invaluable resource for the isolation of diagnostic and potentially therapeutic antibodies, the latter usually being antibody fragments converted into IgG formats. Recent advances in the production of highly diverse and functional antibody libraries are considered here, including for Fabs, scFvs and nanobodies. These advances include codon optimisation during generation of CDR diversity, improved display levels using novel signal sequences, molecular chaperones and isomerases and the use of highly stable scaffolds with relatively high expression levels. In addition, novel strategies for the batch reformatting of scFv and Fab phagemid libraries, derived from phage panning, into IgG formats are described. These strategies allow the screening of antibodies in the end-use format, facilitating more efficient selection of potential therapeutics.
New technique of surface flow visualization based on oxygen quenching of fluorescence (1980)

A surface pattern flow visualization technique is demonstrated based on the principle of oxygen quenching of dye fluorescence. The technique uses visible light excitation and streams of oxygen or nitrogen, which are inexpensive and nontoxic. A sensitive material can be spray coated on shapes of interest to study flow at surfaces.
Wrong-way driving on Florida toll roads: an investigation into multiple incident parameters and targeted countermeasures for reductions (2015)

Wrong-way driving (WWD) on toll roads is a driving behaviour that has not been fully studied in Florida. In order to combat these WWD events and develop appropriate countermeasures, it is very important to understand the accurate frequency and distribution of these WWD incidents on Central Florida's Toll Road System. This analysis includes an investigation of WWD crash reports, citations, 911 calls, and a customer survey. The main focus of this study is to identify WWD 'hot spots' to determine if additional countermeasures are needed to combat WWD.
TCP MaxNet - Implementation and Experiments on the WAN in Lab (2006)

We describe implementation and performance of TCP MaxNet, a new protocol that uses a multi-bit explicit signaling approach to congestion control. The MaxNet sender algorithm operates by adjusting its congestion window in response to explicit feedback from the most congested link encountered in the network. This scheme has numerous theoretical advantages over the ubiquitous practice of adjusting the congestion window based on the total amount of congestion in the path. We implement the MaxNet control scheme on top of the existing Linux TCP/IP protocol framework and evaluate its performance in the high bandwidth-delay environment of the WAN in Lab. Our experiments show that MaxNet possesses the desirable properties that theory predicts: very short router queues and fair sharing among multiple flows of different RTTs.
C-Alkylpiperazines. IX (1) - reversion of N1 and N4-substituents and its influence on the pharmacological activity in 2-methylpiperazine derivatives. (1979)

The synthesis of N1-(2'-pyridyl)-N4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-ethyl)-2-methylpiperazine is reported. This compound was found definitely less active as an adrenolytic and vasodilator than the previously tested isomer in which the position of N1 and N4 substituents is reverted.
A Blockchain-Based Authentication Protocol for WLAN Mesh Security Access (2019)

In order to deploy a secure WLAN mesh network, authentication of both users and APs is needed, and a secure authentication mechanism should be employed. However, some additional configurations of trusted third party agencies are still needed on-site to deploy a secure authentication system. This paper proposes a new block chain-based authentication protocol for WLAN mesh security access, to reduce the deployment costs and resolve the issues of requiring key delivery and central server during IEEE 802.11X authentication. This method takes the user’s authentication request as a transaction, considers all the authentication records in the mesh network as the public ledger and realizes the effective monitoring of the malicious attack. Finally, this paper analyzes the security of the protocol in detail, and proves that the new method can solve the dependence of the authentication node on PKI and CA.
Free Rather than Total Circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Determines the Feedback on Growth Hormone Release in Normal Subjects (2005)

Pituitary GH secretion is feedback regulated by circulating IGF-I. However, it remains to be determined whether the feedback control is mediated through circulating free or total IGF-I. To study this, we compared the temporal changes in circulating levels of GH vs. free and total IGF-I during fasting. Seventeen healthy normal-weight subjects (body mass index 23.4 +/- 0.6 kg/m(2)) were studied during 80 h of fasting. Serum was assayed for GH every 3 h; total, free, and bioactive IGF-I, IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1, -2, and -3 as well as IGFBP-1 bound IGF-I were assayed every morning. During fasting, mean 24-h GH levels increased from 1.41 +/- 0.20 to 3.01 +/- 0.46 and 2.09 +/- 0.30 microg/liter (d 1 vs. d 2 and 3; P < 0.03). After 24 h of fasting, free and bioactive IGF-I had decreased by 40 +/- 5 and 17 +/- 5%, respectively (P < 0.02), and both concentrations remained suppressed for the rest of the study. In contrast, total IGF-I remained unchanged until the end of d 3, at which levels were slightly reduced (P < 0.007). IGFBP-1 increased from 38 +/- 2 to 137 +/- 24, 212 +/- 32, and 214 +/- 22 microg/liter (d 1 vs. d 2, d 3, and end of d 3; P < 0.0001), and these changes closely paralleled those of IGFBP-1-bound IGF-I (P < 0.0001). IGFBP-2 increased only transiently at d 2 (P < 0.05), and IGFBP-3 remained unchanged. The increase in mean 24-h GH levels from d 1 to d 2 correlated inversely with the relative reduction in free IGF-I from d 1 to d 2 (r = -0.51; P = 0.04), i.e. the larger the reduction in free IGF-I, the larger the increase in GH. None of the other IGF-related parameters correlated with GH. In conclusion, the temporal relationship between the increase in GH and the reduction in free IGF-I supports the hypothesis that circulating free IGF-I mediates the feedback regulation of GH secretion.
High-performance optical local and metropolitan area networks: enhancement of FDDI and IEEE 802.6 DQDB (1990)

The fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) and the IEEE 802.6 distributed queueing dual bus (DQDB) are emerging standards for high-speed (45-150-Mb/s) local and metropolitan area networks. The authors describe several ways to build on these emerging standards to significantly increase the achievable throughput and lower th e end-to-end delay. Without increasing the number of transceivers or their rate, substantial throughput increases are obtained by a highly concurrent logical interconnection pattern of user modes, and the end-to-end delay is decreased by the use of more efficient media-access techniques. The most promising architecture is a multiconnected ring having only two transmitters and two receivers per node, where each node needs to handle or process only a small fraction of the network traffic. In one example, the authors describe a 24-node, distributed, packet-switched network, with only two 100-Mb/s transmitters and two 100-Mb/s receivers per node; it has a maximum throughput of 1.5 Gb/s-15 times the 100/Mb/s throughput of FDDI. Such a system has the potential to be a follow-on standard to FDDI (or IEEE 802.6) or to provide a high-performance LAN/MAN that can interwork with standard systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>