gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Oestradiol- and testosterone-mediated effects on the immune system in normal and autoimmune mice are genetically linked and inherited as dominant traits. (1989)

The influence of sex steroids on cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and antibody responses to oxazolone (OXA) in autoimmune and normal mouse strains has been investigated. The results show that: (i) treatment with 17 beta-oestradiol (E2) suppresses DTH responses and stimulates antibody responses in MRL, B6 and C3H mice, suppresses DTH in DBA/1 mice, while having no effects on DTH or antibody responses in BALB/c and NFR/N mice. (ii) Treatment with testosterone suppresses the antibody response in all studied strains (MRL, B6, BALB/c and DBA/1) while down-regulating the DTH response only in MRL and B6 but not in BALB/c or DBA/1. (iii) Neither the lympho-proliferative (lpr) gene, which accelerates autoimmune disease, nor the H-2 genes seem to be directly related to the effects of sex hormones on the immune system. (iv) Susceptibility to oestrogen- and testosterone-mediated suppression of DTH but not oestrogen-mediated enhancement of antibody response are inherited as dominant traits. The results are discussed in the context of certain autoimmune diseases known to be influenced by sex hormone manipulations.
Learning to Capture a Film-Look Video with a Camera Drone (2019)

The development of intelligent drones has simplified aerial filming and provided smarter assistant tools for users to capture a film-look footage. Existing methods of autonomous aerial filming either specify predefined camera movements for a drone to capture a footage, or employ heuristic approaches for camera motion planning. However, both predefined movements and heuristically planned motions are hardly able to provide cinematic footages for various dynamic scenarios. In this paper, we propose a data-driven learning-based approach, which can imitate a professional cameraman's intention for capturing a film-look aerial footage of a single subject in real-time. We model the decision-making process of the cameraman with two steps: 1) we train a network to predict the future image composition and camera position, and 2) our system then generates control commands to achieve the desired shot framing. At the system level, we deploy our algorithm on the limited resources of a drone and demonstrate the feasibility of running automatic filming onboard in real-time. Our experiments show how our data-driven planning approach achieves film-look footages and successfully mimics the work of a professional cameraman.
Entering and Exiting the Protein−Polyelectrolyte Coacervate Phase via Nonmonotonic Salt Dependence of Critical Conditions (2009)

Critical conditions for coacervation of poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) with bovine serum albumin were determined as a function of ionic strength, pH, and protein/polyelectrolyte stoichiometry. The resultant phase boundaries, clearly defined with this narrow molecular weight distribution PDADMAC sample, showed nonmonotonic ionic strength dependence, with the pH-induced onset of coacervation (at pH(phi)) occurring most readily at 20 mM NaCl. The corresponding onset of soluble complex formation, pH(c), determined using high-precision turbidimetry sensitive to changes of less than 0.1% transmittance units, mirrored the ionic strength dependence of pH(phi). This nonmonotonic binding behavior is attributable to simultaneous screening of short-range attraction and long-range repulsion. The similarity of pH(c) and pH(phi) was explained by the effect of salt on protein binding, and consequently on the number of bound proteins relative to that required for charge neutralization of the complex, a requirement for phase separation. Expansion of the coacervation regime with chitosan, a polycation with charge spacing similar to that of PDADMAC, could be due to either the charge mobility or chain stiffness of the former. The pH(phi) versus I phase boundary for PDADMAC correctly predicted entrance into and egress from the coacervation region by addition of either salt or water. The ability to induce or suppress coacervation via protein/polyelectrolyte stoichiometry r was found to be consistent with the proposed model. The results indicate that the conjoint effects of I, r, and pH on coacervation could be represented by a three-dimensional phase boundary.
Understanding Photocharging Effects on Bismuth Vanadate (2017)

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO<sub>4</sub>) is a promising material for photoelectrochemical water oxidation. Recently, it has been shown that "photocharging" BiVO<sub>4</sub> results in an improved water oxidation performance. However, the understanding of how BiVO<sub>4</sub> is being improved has been lacking. Here we study the surface kinetics of BiVO<sub>4</sub> using intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy and show that photocharging BiVO<sub>4</sub> results in both surface and bulk improvements. This result sheds light on how the surface charge transfer and bulk charge transport of BiVO<sub>4</sub> respond to illumination.
Fabrication and electrical characterization of Parylene-HT liner bottom-up copper filled through silicon via (TSV) (2014)

In this study, Parylene-HT, the newest commercially available parylene with the lowest dielectric constant and highest temperature tolerance within all the series, was investigated as insulation/liner in the application of through-silicon-via (TSV). Bottom-up copper filled TSV with 1 µm Parylene-HT insulator was realized on a 100 µm-thick Si wafer through via etching, parylene vapor deposition, and electroplating processes. The fabrication process on the 36 µm diameter TSVs, are reported here, as well as their electrical properties, including DC leakage and capacitance.
Synthesis and characterization of a new vanadium oxide, TMAV8 O20 (1997)

Hydrothermal synthesis of V2O5+TMA+LiOH in a 1:2:1 molar ratio after adjusting the pH with acetic acid to pH 3.3 resulted in the formation of a new vanadium oxide, TMAV8O20 . The new vanadium oxide has a monoclinic structure with space group C2/m and lattice parameters: a=23.655(2), b=3.5931(3), c=6.3175(5) Å and β=103.060(4)o . TMAV8O20has a layered structure with the vanadium atom in the octahedral sites and tetramethylammonium ions residing in between the vanadium layers.
Highly stable graphene-oxide-based membranes with superior permeability (2018)

Increasing fresh water demand for drinking and agriculture is one of the grand challenges of our age. Graphene oxide (GO) membranes have shown a great potential for desalination and water purification. However, it is challenging to further improve the water permeability without sacrificing the separation efficiency, and the GO membranes are easily delaminated in aqueous solutions within few hours. Here, we report a class of reduced GO membranes with enlarged interlayer distance fabricated by using theanine amino acid and tannic acid as reducing agent and cross-linker. Such membranes show water permeance over 10,000 L m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> bar<sup>-1</sup>, which is 10-1000 times higher than those of previously reported GO-based membranes and commercial membranes, and good separation efficiency, e.g., rhodamine B and methylene blue rejection of ~100%. Moreover, they show no damage or delamination in water, acid, and basic solutions even after months.
Sample holder for small-angle x-ray scattering static and flow cell measurements (2006)

We present the design of a sample holder for small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) that can be used for both static and flow cell measurements, allowing to switch between these two types of measurement without having to realign the detector and camera geometry. The device makes possible high signal-to-noise experiments with sample volumes as small as 16μl and can be thermocontrolled using a standard circulating water bath. The setup has been used successfully for a range of biological SAXS measurements, including peptides, detergent micelles, membrane proteins, and nucleic acids. As a performance test, we present scattering data for horse heart cytochrome c, collected at the BESSRC CAT beam line 12-ID of the Advanced Photon Source. The design drawings are provided in the supplementary material.
Simultaneous administration of diphtheria/tetanus/pertussis/polio vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine in a simplified immunization programme. (1986)

In most developing countries hepatitis B virus is endemic and prevention has to be carried out early in life and on a mass scale. In these regions, simultaneous administration of multiple antigens is normal practice. We have therefore, investigated the interaction of hepatitis B vaccine with DTP-Polio vaccine. Studies include the immune response post one and two injections to diphtheria and tetanus toxoid, pertussis and hepatitis B surface antigen. The vaccines were given simultaneously or not at a 6 months interval. The immune response to HBsAg vaccine and DTP-Polio vaccine injected simultaneously was equal to the immune response observed after administration of vaccines alone. Moreover, no adverse reactions were noted. This trial also demonstrated that immunization with two doses of DTP-Polio vaccine, containing 30 Lf of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, at a 6 months interval is sufficient to obtain a very good immune response.
Compressed supercontinuum probe for transient absorption microscopy (2018)

Here, we combine three optical advancements to transient absorption microscopy in order to access the photodynamics in systems requiring stringent spatial and temporal resolution criteria. First, a broadband visible probe is generated by a commercial photonic crystal fiber. Second, a spatial light modulator-based pulse shaper is incorporated to reduce the pulse dispersion and improve temporal resolution. Third, 1.4 numerical aperture objectives for excitation and light collection provide optimal spatial resolution. The result of these improvements is a probe beam that spans 115 nm across the visible region yet maintains a ∼100 fs instrument response at the sample position. We demonstrate the capabilities of this microscope by imaging polystyrene beads in a solution of IR-144 dye, revealing aggregated species at the bead surfaces.
Production of continuous piezoelectric fibers for sensor/actuator applications (2002)

ACI's Viscous-Suspension-Spinning Process (VSSP) has been refined for the production of piezoelectric fibers for use in transducer, sensor/actuator, and structural control devices. This process utilizes a fugitive carrier (cellulose) to form PZT powder into useful green fiber. The effect of the starting powder dispersion and spinning conditions, such as cellulose dehydration and regeneration in the spin bath, on the final green fiber quality are discussed. Careful control of the dispersion and the spinning conditions produces continuous green fiber of sufficient handling strength to weave into plies or cut for use in "pick-and-place" layups. These lay-ups are then fired and resin-impregnated for the production of composites suitable for hydrophone or transducer applications. Recent results have yielded composites (25 vol% PZT) with d/sub 33/=340, pC/N, K=470, and g/sub 33/=100 mV/spl middot/m/N.
Fibrillogenesis in continuously spun synthetic collagen fiber (2009)

The universal structural role of collagen fiber networks has motivated the development of collagen gels, films, coatings, injectables, and other formulations. However, reported synthetic collagen fiber fabrication schemes have either culminated in short, discontinuous fiber segments at unsuitably low production rates, or have incompletely replicated the internal fibrillar structure that dictates fiber mechanical and biological properties. We report a continuous extrusion system with an off-line phosphate buffer incubation step for the manufacture of synthetic collagen fiber. Fiber with a cross-section of 53+ or - 14 by 21 + or - 3 microm and an ultimate tensile strength of 94 + or - 19 MPa was continuously produced at 60 m/hr from an ultrafiltered monomeric collagen solution. The effect of collagen solution concentration, flow rate, and spinneret size on fiber size was investigated. The fiber was further characterized by microdifferential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), second harmonic generation (SHG) analysis, and in a subcutaneous murine implant model. Calorimetry demonstrated stabilization of the collagen triple helical structure, while TEM and SHG revealed a dense, axially aligned D-periodic fibril structure throughout the fiber cross-section. Implantation of glutaraldehyde crosslinked and noncrosslinked fiber in the subcutaneous tissue of mice demonstrated limited inflammatory response and biodegradation after a 6-week implant period.
Diagnostic value of urine sTREM-1 for sepsis and relevant acute kidney injuries: a prospective study (2011)

Abstract Introduction We explored the diagnostic value of a urine soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) for early sepsis identification, severity and prognosis assessment, and for secondary acute kidney injury (AKI). We compared this with white blood cell (WBC) counts, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), serum procalcitonin (PCT), urine output, creatinine clearance (CCr), serum creatinine (SCr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Methods We enrolled 104 subjects admitted to the ICU: 16 cases with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS); 35 with sepsis and 53 with severe sepsis. Results for urine sTREM-1, WBC, serum CRP and serum PCT were recorded on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14. For 17 sepsis cases diagnosed with secondary AKI, comparisons between their urine sTREM-1, urine output, CCr, SCr and BUN at diagnosis and 48 h before diagnosis were made. Results On the day of admission to the ICU, and compared with the SIRS group, the sepsis group exhibited higher levels of urine sTREM-1 and Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores ( P < 0.05). Areas under the curve (AUC) shaped by the scores were 0.797 (95% CI 0.711 to 0.884) and 0.722 (95% CI 0.586 to 0.858), respectively. On days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14, urine sTREM-1, serum PCT and WBC levels registered higher in the severe sepsis group in contrast to the sepsis group ( P < 0.05). Urine sTREM-1 and serum PCT levels continuously increased among non-survivors, while WBC and serum CRP levels in both groups declined. For 17 patients with AKI, urine sTREM-1, SCr and BUN levels at 48 h before AKI diagnosis were higher, and CCr level was lower than those for non-AKI subjects ( P < 0.05). AUC for urine sTREM-1 was 0.922 (95% CI 0.850 to 0.995), the sensitivity was 0.941, and the specificity was 0.76 (based on a cut-off point of 69.04 pg/ml). Logistic regression analysis showed that urine sTREM-1 and severity were risk factors related to AKI occurrence. Conclusions Besides being non-invasive, urine sTREM-1 testing is more sensitive than testing WBC, serum CRP, and serum PCT for the early diagnosis of sepsis, as well as for dynamic assessments of severity and prognosis. It can also provide an early warning of possible secondary AKI in sepsis patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrial.gov identifier NCT01333657
FGFR1 activation is an escape mechanism in human lung cancer cells resistant to afatinib, a pan-EGFR family kinase inhibitor (2014)

Most NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations benefit from treatment with EGFR-TKIs, but the clinical efficacy of EGFR-TKIs is limited by the appearance of drug resistance. Multiple kinase inhibitors of EGFR family proteins such as afatinib have been newly developed to overcome such drug resistance. We established afatinib-resistant cell lines after chronic exposure of activating EGFR mutation-positive PC9 cells to afatinib. Afatinib-resistant cells showed following specific characteristics as compared to PC9: [1] Expression of EGFR family proteins and their phosphorylated molecules was markedly downregulated by selection of afatinib resistance; [2] Expression of FGFR1 and its ligand FGF2 was alternatively upregulated; [3] Treatment with anti-FGF2 neutralizing antibody blocked enhanced phosphorylation of FGFR in resistant clone; [4] Both resistant clones showed collateral sensitivity to PD173074, a small-molecule FGFR-TKIs, and treatment with either PD173074 or FGFR siRNA exacerbated suppression of both afatinib-resistant Akt and Erk phosphorylation when combined with afatinib; [5] Expression of twist was markedly augmented in resistant sublines, and twist knockdown specifically suppressed FGFR expression and cell survival. Together, enhanced expression of FGFR1 and FGF2 thus plays as an escape mechanism for cell survival of afatinib-resistant cancer cells, that may compensate the loss of EGFR-driven signaling pathway.
A Hands Gesture System Of Control For An Intelligent Wheelchair (2007)

When an unfortunate event affects the motor capacity of a person, it is necessary to use devices like wheelchairs that offer a means o displacement for patients with motors problems of the lower limbs. Some patients that cannot manipulate the wheelchair with their arms due to a lack of force or psychomotor problems in the superior members, request electric wheelchairs, frequently manipulated with joysticks; however the joystick manipulation is even not practical and frequently it must be handle with the mouth. The present article presents the partial results in the development of a wheelchair controlled by an intuitive interface, where the instructions are given by hand gesture instructions. The advances are presented in the realization of the control software using a Webcam and some distances and presence sensors controlled by a PIC microcontroller that establishes the communication with a program developed in Labview.
Q-Score: development of a new metric for continuous glucose monitoring that enables stratification of antihyperglycaemic therapies (2015)

The Q-Score is a new metric suitable to screen for CGM profiles that require therapeutic action. Moreover, because single components of the Q-Score formula respond to individual weak points in glycaemic control, parameters with improvement potential can be identified and used as targets for optimising patient-tailored therapies.
Intergenic flip flop, a method for systematic gene disruption and cloning in yeast (1996)

We have developed a strategy named Intergenic Flip Flop which, for each gene, allows us to produce in one experiment both a disrupting cassette and a plasmid for gap repair. The same method can also be used to insert a reporter gene downstream from the promoter. This approach extends the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based strategy proposed by Maftahi et al. 1996. Our method consists of PCR amplification of the two flanking intergenic regions of the open reading frame (ORF) of interest, using two sets of oligonucleotides. Each PCR product is flanked by two short defined nucleotidic sequences with a unique restriction site, allowing subsequent hybridization between them. The association of the two amplimers by the complementary sequences either in the same orientation as in genomic DNA or in the opposite orientation, allows the generation, after PCR, of two distinct cassettes which can be cloned into suitable vectors. When the amplimer in the head-to-tail orientation is cloned in a vector containing a selective marker for yeast such as G418 resistance, it provides a disrupting cassette after cleavage at the unique restriction site introduced by the PCR between the two intergenic amplimers. The amplimer with a direct orientation cloned into a yeast vector, after cleavage at the unique restriction site between the intergenic regions, permits cloning by gap repair of the gene of interest in yeast. Finally, a reporter gene can be inserted in the same plasmid. We report here the successful application of this strategy to an ORF of chromosome XIV of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: N1216.
Analog receive signal processing for magnetic particle imaging (2013)

By recovering the full particle signal the SNR can be improved and errors in the x-space reconstruction are prevented. The authors show that the combined method provides this full particle signal and makes it possible to improve image quality.
<scp>CGRP</scp> and <scp>VIP</scp> Levels as Predictors of Efficacy of Onabotulinumtoxin Type <scp>A</scp> in Chronic Migraine (2014)

Interictal CGRP and, to a lesser degree, VIP levels measured in peripheral blood are of great help in predicting response to onabotA.
Association between ulcerative colitis and systemic lupus erythematosus (1998)

The association between ulcerative colitis and systemic lupus erythematosus is rare. Although a chance occurrence cannot be excluded it is possible that both conditions share some genetic or immunological defects.
Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery (2020)

The capability of gut microbiota in degrading foods and drugs administered orally can result in diversified efficacies and toxicity interpersonally and cause significant impact on human health. Production of atherogenic trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) from carnitine is a gut microbiota-directed pathway and varies widely among individuals. Here, we demonstrated a personalized TMAO formation and carnitine bioavailability from carnitine supplements by differentiating individual TMAO productivities with a recently developed oral carnitine challenge test (OCCT). By exploring gut microbiome in subjects characterized by TMAO producer phenotypes, we identified 39 operational taxonomy units that were highly correlated to TMAO productivity, including Emergencia timonensis, which has been recently discovered to convert γ-butyrobetaine to TMA in vitro. A microbiome-based random forest classifier was therefore constructed to predict the TMAO producer phenotype (AUROC = 0.81) which was then validated with an external cohort (AUROC = 0.80). A novel bacterium called Ihubacter massiliensis was also discovered to be a key microbe for TMA/TMAO production by using an OCCT-based humanized gnotobiotic mice model. Simply combining the presence of E. timonensis and I. massiliensis could account for 43% of high TMAO producers with 97% specificity. Collectively, this human gut microbiota phenotype-directed approach offers potential for developing precision medicine and provides insights into translational research. Video Abstract.
Combinatorial optimization of transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) for PV (2005)

Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) can serve a variety of important functions in thin film photovoltaics such as transparent electrical contacts, antireflection coatings and chemical barriers. Two areas of particular interest are TCOs that can be deposited at low temperatures and TCOs with high carrier mobilities. We have employed combinatorial high-throughput approaches to investigate both these areas. Conductivities of /spl sigma/ = 2500 /spl Omega//sup -1/-cm/sup -1/ have been obtained for In-Zn-O (IZO) films deposited at 100/spl deg/C and /spl sigma/ > 5000 /spl Omega//sup -1/-cm/sup -1/ for In-Ti-O (ITiO) and In-Mo-O (IMO) films deposited at 550/spl deg/C. The highest mobility obtained was 83 cm/sup 2//V-sec for ITiO deposited at 550/spl deg/C.