gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Revealing gaps in the material flow of inland port container terminals alongside the danube with simulation (2014)

Central European inland waterways are presently utilized way below their theoretical carrying capacity. For instance, cargo transported on the Danube is only 10-20% of that transported on the Rhine. To support an increase of transport flows on inland waterways (especially container transport on the Danube) and to contribute to a significant modal shift from road to waterways, operators have to be enabled to improve their economic position by improving the material flow in the handling points of the intermodal transport chain, container terminals, which oftentimes form a considerable bottleneck due to e.g. long processing times. In this paper, gaps in the material flow of container terminals alongside the Danube are revealed with the use of simulation. The Simulation enables the terminal operator to create an experimental model and decide on the best recommended course of action.
Transmission of realistic sensation: Development of a virtual dome (2002)

By using virtual reality technology, a communication system with realistic sensation can be implemented. This enables the user to see live images of a remote place without losing his/her sense of orientation. The most important element of this system is a buffering mechanism to overcome the time-delay problem which is harmful when trying to generate the realistic sensations of a remote place. Also, by adding 3D cues to the virtual dome (although not so accurate) 3-D sensation can be sufficiently synthesized.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Technologies for Micromanipulating, Imaging, and Phenotyping Small Invertebrates and Vertebrates (2011)

Small multicellular model organisms such as the invertebrate nematode C. elegans and the vertebrate zebrafish provide unique opportunities for both basic science and pharmaceutical discovery. In recent years, there have been significant breakthroughs in technologies to manipulate and image these organisms for a variety of purposes ranging from behavioral studies of neuronal circuits to high-throughput screening. Here, we review these advancements with a particular focus on the optically transparent model organisms C. elegans and zebrafish.
Rechargeable lithium battery for use in applications requiring a low to high power output (2023)

Rechargeable lithium batteries which employ characteristics of thin-film batteries can be used to satisfy power requirements within a relatively broad range. Thin-film battery cells utilizing a film of anode material, a film of cathode material and an electrolyte of an amorphorus lithium phosphorus oxynitride can be connected in series or parallel relationship for the purpose of withdrawing electrical power simultaneously from the cells. In addition, such battery cells which employ a lithium intercalation compound as its cathode material can be connected in a manner suitable for supplying power for the operation of an electric vehicle. Still further, by incorporating within the battery cell a relatively thick cathode of a lithium intercalation compound, a relatively thick anode of lithium and an electrolyte film of lithium phosphorus oxynitride, the battery cell is rendered capable of supplying power for any of a number of consumer products, such as a laptop computer or a cellular telephone.
In the News (2021)

Welcome to the January 2021 issue of C&RL News. As we move out of the unprecedented year that was 2020, it is time to look to the future, perhaps through New Year’s resolutions. One possible resolution could be to finally start (or finish) that research project or article that you’ve been planning forever. Amanda Izenstark, Ann Agee, Holly Jackson, Anna Sandelli, and Lindsay Roberts start out this month’s issue with advice for writing and researching in “So you want to publish.”
Balancing CPU and network in the cell distributed B-tree store (2016)

In traditional client-server designs, all requests are processed at the server storing the state, thereby maintaining strict locality between computation and state. The adoption of RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) makes it practical to relax locality by letting clients fetch server state and process requests themselves. Such client-side processing improves performance when the server CPU, instead of the network, is the bottleneck. We observe that combining server-side and client-side processing allows systems to balance and adapt to the available CPU and network resources with minimal configuration, and can free resources for other CPU-intensive work.

We present Cell, a distributed B-tree store that combines client-side and server-side processing. Cell distributes a global B-tree of (64MB) nodes across machines for server-side searches. Within each fat node, Cell organizes keys as a local B-tree of RDMA-friendly small nodes for client-side searches. Cell clients dynamically select whether to use client-side or server-side processing in response to available resources and the current workload. Our evaluation on a large RDMA-capable cluster show that Cell scales well and that its dynamic selector effectively responds to resource availability and workload properties.
3D Geometrical Inspection of Complex Geometry Parts Using a Novel Laser Triangulation Sensor and a Robot (2010)

This article discusses different non contact 3D measuring strategies and presents a model for measuring complex geometry parts, manipulated through a robot arm, using a novel vision system consisting of a laser triangulation sensor and a motorized linear stage. First, the geometric model incorporating an automatic simple module for long term stability improvement will be outlined in the article. The new method used in the automatic module allows the sensor set up, including the motorized linear stage, for the scanning avoiding external measurement devices. In the measurement model the robot is just a positioning of parts with high repeatability. Its position and orientation data are not used for the measurement and therefore it is not directly "coupled" as an active component in the model. The function of the robot is to present the various surfaces of the workpiece along the measurement range of the vision system, which is responsible for the measurement. Thus, the whole system is not affected by the robot own errors following a trajectory, except those due to the lack of static repeatability. For the indirect link between the vision system and the robot, the original model developed needs only one first piece measuring as a "zero" or master piece, known by its accurate measurement using, for example, a Coordinate Measurement Machine. The strategy proposed presents a different approach to traditional laser triangulation systems on board the robot in order to improve the measurement accuracy, and several important cues for self-recalibration are explored using only a master piece. Experimental results are also presented to demonstrate the technique and the final 3D measurement accuracy.
L-Neuro 2.3: a VLSI for image processing by neural networks (2002)

Real-time and embedded applications of image processing like pattern recognition, shape analysis etc. (using classical or less classical methods such as neural networks) are computer intensive tasks that lead to complex systems. Furthermore, the skyrocketting demand for those techniques has led to a flurry of algorithms that must be rapidly implemented, evaluated and finally tuned to real-world cases. This is why LEP has developed the fully programmable vectorial processor L-Neuro 2.3, which is a parallel chip composed of an array of twelve DSPs (Digital Signal Processors). It can be used for neurocomputing, fuzzy logics applications, real-time image processing, digital signal processing and all applications that can take advantage of cooperating DSPs. The now available chip is able to perform up to 2 Giga arithmetic operations per second, and has a peak throughput of 1.5 Gigabytes per second.
Nitric oxide and vasodilation in human limbs (1997)

Both the skeletal muscle and skin of humans possess remarkable abilities to vasodilate. Marked vasodilation can be seen in these vascular beds in response to a variety of common physiological stimuli. These stimuli include reactive hyperemia (skin and muscle), exercise hyperemia (muscle), mental stress (muscle), and whole body heating (skin). The physiological mechanisms that cause vasodilation in response to these stimuli are poorly understood, and the substance(s) responsible for it remain unclear. In this context, recent attention has been focused on the possible contribution of nitric oxide (NO) to the regulation of hyperemic responses in human skin and skeletal muscle. The emerging picture is that NO is not an essential component of the dilator response seen during reactive hyperemia. However, it does appear that NO may play a modest role in exercise hyperemia. NO appears to play a major role in the skeletal muscle vasodilation seen in response to mental stress in humans. Preliminary evidence also indicates that NO is not essential for the normal dilator responses observed in the cutaneous circulation during body heating in humans, but this issue needs further study. There are a number of possible mechanisms that might mediate NO release in humans, and the role of these mechanisms in the various hyperemic responses is also poorly understood. The role of altered NO-mediated vasodilation in some disease states is also discussed. Whereas NO is a potent vasodilating substance, the actions of NO alone do not explain a variety of poorly understood vasodilator mechanisms in conscious humans. Much work remains for those interested in the role of NO in the regulation of blood flow to the skin and skeletal muscle of humans.
High-Pressure Reverse Osmosis for Energy-Efficient Hypersaline Brine Desalination: Current Status, Design Considerations, and Research Needs (2018)

Water scarcity, expected to become more widespread in the coming years, demands renewed attention to freshwater protection and management. Critical to this effort are the minimization of freshwater withdrawals and elimination of wastewater discharge, both of which can be achieved via zero liquid discharge (ZLD), an aggressive wastewater management approach. Because of the high energetic cost of thermal desalination, ZLD is particularly challenging for high-salinity wastewaters. In this review, we discuss the potential of high-pressure reverse osmosis (HPRO) (i.e., reverse osmosis operated at a hydraulic pressure greater than ∼100 bar) to efficiently desalinate hypersaline brines. We first discuss the inherent energy efficiency of membrane processes compared to that of conventional thermal processes for brine desalination. We then highlight the opportunity of HPRO to reduce energy requirements for desalination of key high-salinity industrial wastewaters. The current state of membrane materials and processes for hypersaline brine desalination is also discussed, emphasizing several process design considerations unique to HPRO. Lastly, we discuss the most pressing research needs for the development of HPRO, notably the development of membranes and modules suitable for high pressures as well as fundamental studies of compaction and transport under HPRO conditions.
SilkBridge™: a novel biomimetic and biocompatible silk-based nerve conduit (2019)

Silk fibroin (Bombyx mori) was used to manufacture a nerve conduit (SilkBridge™) characterized by a novel 3D architecture. The wall of the conduit consists of two electrospun layers (inner and outer) and one textile layer (middle), perfectly integrated at the structural and functional level. The manufacturing technology conferred high compression strength on the device, thus meeting clinical requirements for physiological and pathological compressive stresses. In vitro cell interaction studies were performed through direct contact assays with SilkBridge™ using the glial RT4-D6P2T cells, a schwannoma cell line, and a mouse motor neuron NSC-34 cell line. The results revealed that the material is capable of sustaining cell proliferation, that the glial RT4-D6P2T cells increased their density and organized themselves in a glial-like morphology, and that NSC-34 motor neurons exhibited a greater neuritic length with respect to the control substrate. In vivo pilot assays were performed on adult female Wistar rats. A 10 mm long gap in the median nerve was repaired with 12 mm SilkBridge™. At two weeks post-operation several cell types colonized the lumen. Cells and blood vessels were also visible between the different layers of the conduit wall. Moreover, the presence of regenerated myelinated fibers with a thin myelin sheath at the proximal level was observed. Taken together, all these results demonstrated that SilkBridge™ has an optimized balance of biomechanical and biological properties, being able to sustain a perfect cellular colonization of the conduit and the progressive growth of the regenerating nerve fibers.
Development of an automated RNA-based nuclease protection assay for the detection of expressed EML-ALK fusions, EGFR, and KRAS mutations in NSCLC. (2013)

e22185 Background: The management of patients for NSCLC requires appropriate molecular pathology assessment to determine treatment. However current methods require the use of more than one technology including sequencing for EGFR and KRAS mutation and in situ hybridization for EML-ALK fusion, resulting in slow turnaround, and technical as well as logistical complexities. Here, we report the development of an automated microarray based quantitative nuclease protection assay that determines gene fusions, deletions and point mutations in target genes such as EML4/ALK, EGFR and KRAS from expressed mRNA directly from FFPE tissue without prior RNA extraction. Methods: We designed mutation and fusion specific probes for nuclease protection and measured the sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of gene mutations and fusions using in vitro transcribed RNA and cell lysates known to contain the target mutations. In addition to synthetic samples, we also screened 88 lung cancer specimen for EML-ALK fusions. Results: Mutations in KRAS (G12D, G12C, G12V); EGFR (D761Y, T790M, L858R); EML-ALK fusions (v1 v2, v3a, v3b-3, v4, v5a, v5b-3 and v6) were detected at concentrations of 3 copies/cell in 15,000 cells even when present as low as 5% of wild type IVT RNA. The sensitivity corresponds to an amount of FFPE sample ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 square cm of a 5mm FFPE section per replicate assay making it suitable for needle biopsy specimen. Six samples with probable EML4-ALK fusions were identified in the 88 adenomatous NSCLC samples and will be subjected to further confirmation. Additional clinical validation of all the assays will be presented in our poster. Conclusions: An automated, multiplexed, EGFR and KRAS mutation and EML-ALK gene fusion from expressed mRNA is feasible. The assay can be run directly on FFPE sections, does not require RNA extraction or amplification, and is completed within 24 hours.
Synthesis of Some Novel Antioxidant and Anticorrosive Additives for Egyptian Lubricating Oils (2012)

Abstract The starting oxazolone 1 was reacted with p-aminophenol in glacial acetic acid to afford imidazolone 2, which afforded Mannich base 3 via the reaction with piperidine and paraformaldehyde. Moreover, the reaction of 2 with ethylchloroacetate or chloroacetic acid in dry acetone gave the corresponding imidazolones 4 and 5, respectively. Compound 4 reacted with benzylamine or 4-chlorobenzaldehyde to furnish 6 and 7, respectively. On the other hand, oxazolone 1 reacted with hydrazines in glacial acetic acid to afford the 1,2,4-triazines 11–15. Representative compounds of the synthesized products were established and evaluated as antioxidant and corrosion inhibitors for gasoline lube oils. Keywords: antioxidant and anticorrosive additivesimidazoloneoxazolonetriazines
Optimizing Multiple Queries in Distributed Data Stream Systems (2006)

We consider the problem of query optimization in distributed stream based systems where multiple continuous queries may be executing simultaneously. In such systems, distribution adds degrees of freedom to an already complex optimization problem. Thousands of network nodes may need to be considered for operator placements in order to support in-network processing - clearly overwhelming even from the perspective of distributed query optimization. Added to this complexity is the potential for significant savings by combining query plans in order to re-use the stream of intermediate results. These issues force us to develop new techniques for query optimization. We present a formal definition of the multi-query optimization problem in such systems and propose some initial directions.
The Tailored Activity Program to Reduce Behavioral Symptoms in Individuals With Dementia: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Replication Potential (2009)

TAP offers families knowledge of their relative's capabilities and easy-to-use activities. The program was well received by caregivers. Prescribed activities appeared to be pleasurable and engaging to individuals with dementia. TAP merits further evaluation to establish efficacy with larger more diverse populations and consideration as a nonpharmacological approach to manage behavioral symptoms.
The Use of CLUSTAL W and CLUSTAL X for Multiple Sequence Alignment (2003)

Multiple protein and nucleic acid sequences are aligned for two principal purposes: to identify common motifs in sequences with a conserved biological function and to identify motifs in a newly characterized sequence that may provide insight into its biological functions. This is typically performed by scanning the newly identified sequence against a database.
On noise modeling for power line communications (2011)

This paper reviews existing noise models including both background and impulsive noise for the in-home PLC scenario, highlighting similarities and differences. With reference to the impulsive noise, it is shown that a simple model, in the frequency band up to 100 MHz, can be derived by considering the noise generated at the source and taking into account the effect of the channel. Capacity considerations are then made, comparing erasure decoding strategies or full decoding strategies.
5.8 Gb/s 16:1 multiplexer and 1:16 demultiplexer using 1.2 μm BiCMOS (2002)

High speed time-division multiplexers and demultiplexers are important components of modern optical communication systems. They are needed to parallelize the data to allow most of the system to operate at much lower speeds. This paper describes a 16:1 multiplexer and a 1:16 demultiplexer implemented on one IC in a 1.2 /spl mu/m BiCMOS process. The IC combines fast ECL circuits with CMOS circuits, demonstrating that by utilizing the combination of bipolar and MOS transistors, a VLSI circuit with very high speed interface is feasible.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Lower-Extremity Amputations in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients: A population-based study in eastern Finland (1993)

Objective— To study the incidence of LEAs attributable to PVD in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. The age at first amputation, the level of amputation, the number of reamputations, and survival after amputation also were examined in the study populations. Research Design and Methods— This retrospective study was based on a population of 253,000 inhabitants in eastern Finland. All patients with their first LEA performed during the period from 1 January 1978 to 31 December 1984 were identified from the registers of operation theaters in the study area. Furthermore, patient records and death certificates were reviewed. Amputations attributable to causes other than evident atherosclerotic vascular disease were excluded. Results— Altogether, 477 patients (85 diabetic men, 127 nondiabetic men, 169 diabetic women, and 96 nondiabetic women) were identified. The overall LEA rate was 26.9/100,000 per yr, and the incidence increased strongly with age in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. The age-adjusted amputation incidence per yr was 349.1/100,000 for diabetic men, 33.9/100,000 for nondiabetic men, 239.4/100,000 for diabetic women, and 17.2/100,000 for nondiabetic women. The proportion of peripheral (toe, leg) amputations was markedly higher in diabetic patients who also tended to have more reamputations during the follow-up than did nondiabetic subjects. The diabetic status per se was a statistically significant risk factor for mortality in women, but not in men. Conclusions— Diabetic men and women had a 10.3- and 13.8-fold higher risk, respectively, for LEA.
Pixel Merge Unit (2015)

Multi-sample anti-aliasing is a popular technique for reducing geometric aliasing (jagged edges) and is supported in all modern graphics processors. With multi-sampling anti-aliasing, visibility and depth are sampled more than once per pixel, while shading is done only once per pixel per primitive. Although this significantly reduces the appearance of jagged edges around object boundaries, the image quality improvement in non-silhouette regions is hardly noticeable. We propose a hardware unit, called the pixel merge unit, which is located just after the early depth test unit but before the pixel shader. Our unit attempts to reduce the shading rate to once per pixel per group of connected primitives covering a pixel using a novel merging strategy. We demonstrate up to 15% reduction in pixel shader executions. Given the simple implementation that we propose, this is a substantial reduction.
Interpreting the Gospel of Matthew (1975)

Matthew should be read as a traditor, one who passes along his tradition ; as a theologian, one who thinks about what he is doing; and as a churchman, one who knows that a larger circle than his immediate friends will be influenced by his acts.
Virtual worlds as a medium for advertising (2007)

Online virtual worlds, such as Second Life, are rapidly becoming recognized as a technology of substantial future importance for marketers and advertisers. Many of these virtual worlds provide the potential medium for very rich and varied new and enhanced modes of advertising--all in one online channel. Such varied advertising experiences can be immersive or absorptive, active or passive. Potential modes of advertising include product placement of 3-D objects (such as brand-name clothing), billboards, radio, musical performances, movies and videos, advergames (typically mini-worlds or mini-games) and cross-promotional offers and activities. Little is known about the effectiveness of advertising in virtual worlds on purchasing intention towards a product. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of advertising in virtual worlds and to create an agenda for future experimental research in this exceptionally new domain. As a result, we hope to encourage others to begin to further engage in research on this topic over the period from 2007-2014.
The Osseointegration Technique for the Rehabilitation of the Exenterated Orbit (1991)

Osseointegrated implants can be used successfully to support maxillofacial prostheses. Six patients (aged 37 to 80 years; average age, 68 years) underwent orbital exenteration for eyelid neoplasms infiltrating into the orbit. Each patient underwent a two-stage osseointegration procedure in preparation for fitting an orbital prosthesis. In the first stage, three or four bone-anchored fixtures were placed into the bony orbital rim. Skin penetration and abutment placement were performed in the second-stage operation, performed 3 to 6 months later. Successful osseointegration was achieved in 17 (94.4%) of 18 fixtures in five nonirradiated patients. All five patients were successfully fitted with an implant-retained prosthesis. One patient who underwent irradiation lost all four fixtures that had been placed. This patient chose to wear a black patch rather than a conventional prosthesis held in with adhesive. Average follow-up was 16 months for the five patients who were successfully fitted with orbital prostheses (range, 6 to 30 months).