gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Assessment of a simple colorimetric procedure to determine smoking status in diabetic subjects (1994)

The performance of a colorimetric assay for nicotine metabolites to validate self-reported smoking classification (nonsmoker, ex-smoker, and smoker) was assessed in a group of diabetic patients (n = 201). Comparison of the results with those of cotinine immunoassay (ELISA), by comparing respective areas under receiver operating characteristic curves, established the superiority of the cotinine immunoassay method. Adjusting the urinary concentrations of nicotine metabolites for creatinine excretion significantly lowered test performance. The sensitivity and specificity for the assay of nicotine metabolites to discriminate smoking classification within the diabetic patients at a threshold of > or = 28 mumol/L "cotinine carboxylic acid equivalents" were 68.4% and 98.6%, respectively; the corresponding sensitivity and specificity for urinary cotinine at a cutoff of > or = 0.5 mumol/L were 94.7% and 100%. The low sensitivity of the colorimetric urinary nicotine metabolites assay precludes its application as an objective assessment of smoking status in our patient population.
The peritoneal “soil” for a cancerous “seed”: a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis of intraperitoneal cancer metastases (2017)

Various types of tumors, particularly those originating from the ovary and gastrointestinal tract, display a strong predilection for the peritoneal cavity as the site of metastasis. The intraperitoneal spread of a malignancy is orchestrated by a reciprocal interplay between invading cancer cells and resident normal peritoneal cells. In this review, we address the current state-of-art regarding colonization of the peritoneal cavity by ovarian, colorectal, pancreatic, and gastric tumors. Particular attention is paid to the pro-tumoral role of various kinds of peritoneal cells, including mesothelial cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, the vascular endothelium, and hospicells. Anatomo-histological considerations on the pro-metastatic environment of the peritoneal cavity are presented in the broader context of organ-specific development of distal metastases in accordance with Paget's "seed and soil" theory of tumorigenesis. The activity of normal peritoneal cells during pivotal elements of cancer progression, i.e., adhesion, migration, invasion, proliferation, EMT, and angiogenesis, is discussed from the perspective of well-defined general knowledge on a hospitable tumor microenvironment created by the cellular elements of reactive stroma, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages. Finally, the paper addresses the unique features of the peritoneal cavity that predispose this body compartment to be a niche for cancer metastases, presents issues that are topics of an ongoing debate, and points to areas that still require further in-depth investigations.
Intuitive representation of surface properties of biomolecules using BioBlender (2012)

Our system permits visualization of molecular features and, in the case of moving proteins, their continuous perception, calculated for each conformation during motion. Using real world tactile/sight feelings, the nanoscale world of proteins becomes more understandable, familiar to our everyday life, making it easier to introduce "un-seen" phenomena (concepts) such as hydropathy or charges. Moreover, this representation contributes to gain insight into molecular functions by drawing viewer's attention to the most active regions of the protein. The program, available for Windows, Linux and MacOS, can be downloaded freely from the dedicated website http://www.bioblender.eu.
Adoption and focus (2002)

A type system with linearity is useful for checking software protocols andresource management at compile time. Linearity provides powerful reasoning about state changes, but at the price of restrictions on aliasing. The hard division between linear and nonlinear types forces the programmer to make a trade-off between checking a protocol on an object and aliasing the object. Most onerous is the restriction that any type with a linear component must itself be linear. Because of this, checking a protocol on an object imposes aliasing restrictions on any data structure that directly or indirectly points to the object. We propose a new type system that reduces these restrictions with the adoption and focus constructs. Adoption safely allows a programmer to alias objects on which she is checking protocols, and focus allows the reverse. A programmer can alias data structures that point to linear objects and use focus for safe access to those objects. We discuss how we implemented these ideas in the Vault programming language.
Image texture analysis using zero crossings information (1998)

This thesis describes a novel texture analysis algorithm. The algorithm is quantitatively compared with algorithms in the literature. The proposed algorithm is found to be more accurate than the existing algorithms. Further experiments indicate that the statistical peaking phenomenon, otherwise known as the curse of dimensionality, affects texture analysis experiments typical of those reported in the literature. Also, a taxonomy of stochastic models of texture is proposed. 
The history of definitions of texture in the literature is reviewed. The emerging consensus is that texture is best defined as a two-dimensional homogeneous random field. This thesis aims to describe a novel analysis algorithm which derives from this formal definition of texture, and whose features encode complete texture information. 
The novel texture algorithm uses a stochastic model of texture, and has its theoretical basis in the information present in zero-crossings of a signal. The completeness of the texture information encoded in the features can be analysed within the framework of zero-crossings theory. 
There is no widely accepted benchmark for texture segmentation algorithms. The novel algorithm is demonstrated on three collages of Brodatz images. Subjectively, the results are comparable to other segmentations in the literature. 
There is no widely accepted benchmark for texture classification algorithms. A subset of ten problems is selected from the MeasTex framework. The accuracy of the novel algorithm, and of several algorithms from the literature (Grey-Level Co-occurrence, Gaussian Markov Random Field, Gabor Energy and Ntuple algorithms), is measured on these problems. The novel algorithm compares favourably with the other algorithms on these problems, giving both the highest average accuracy and most consistent accuracy. 
It is demonstrated that the peaking phenomenon affects these experiments, which are typical of those reported in the literature. For all the algorithms investigated, the optimal parameter settings are influenced by the peaking phenomenon. With these parameter settings, none of the algorithms investigated encode complete texture information in their features.
Activity of a nitrofurazone matrix urinary catheter against catheter-associated uropathogens (1993)

Nitrofurazone-coated urinary catheter segments inhibited 51 (75%) of 70 urinary bacterial isolates from patients with indwelling catheters. Inhibition zones correlated significantly with the nitrofurazone MIC (r2 = 0.79, P = 0.0001). All strains except the Pseudomonas spp. were inhibited by < or = 64 micrograms of nitrofurazone per ml. MICs of nitrofurazone and nitrofurantoin correlated significantly (r2 = 0.93, P = 0.0001).
Low-power encodings for global communication in CMOS VLSI (1997)

Technology trends and especially portable applications are adding a third dimension (power) to the previously two-dimensional (speed, area) VLSI design space. A large portion of power dissipation in high performance CMOS VLSI is due to the inherent difficulties in global communication at high rates and we propose several approaches to address the problem. These techniques can be generalized at different levels in the design process. Global communication typically involves driving large capacitive loads which inherently require significant power. However, by carefully choosing the data representation, or encoding, of these signals, the average and peak power dissipation can be minimized. Redundancy can be added in space (number of bus lines), time (number of cycles) and voltage (number of distinct amplitude levels). The proposed codes can be used on a class of terminated off-chip board-level buses with level signaling, or on tristate on-chip buses with level or transition signaling.
Scrubbing of Sulfur Dioxide Using a Cerium(IV)-Containing Acidic Solution:  A Kinetic Investigation (1996)

The paper describes kinetic investigations related to the development of a wet scrubbing process for SO2 abatement from industrial waste gases: the oxidation of sulfur dioxide by tetravalent cerium in a sulfuric medium. Experiments carried out using two gas/liquid contactors and their interpretation could highlight the reaction schemes; rate constants could also be deduced from experimental data at 25 °C. First, tetravalent cerium oxidizes sulfur dioxide into dithionate and sulfuric acid: increasing the concentration of sulfuric acid up to 5 M reduces the importance of dithionate species and the rate constants. The oxidation by Ce(IV) is a first-order process with respect to both reactants, and the global rate constant of SO2 consumption decreases from 2 to 0.05 m3 mol-1 s-1 when the concentration of sulfuric acid is varied from 0.5 to 5 M. Besides, sulfur dioxide can also be oxidized by air oxygen through a catalytic process: both Ce(III) and Ce(IV) species were shown to have significant catalytic effect.
[Phase I study of CM-Na combined with concurrent radiochemotherapy for advanced esophageal carcinoma]. (2005)

Liver disfunction is the main dose-limited toxicity of the treatment schemeu 700 mg x (m(2) x d) (-1) of CM-Na is recommended to phase II clinical study.
Analysis and quantification of flavonoidic compounds from Portuguese olive (<i>Olea Europaea</i> L.) leaf cultivars (2004)

Twenty three samples of 18 Portuguese olive leaf cultivars were analysed by a reversed-phase HPLC/DAD procedure and eight flavonoidic compounds were identified and quantified (luteolin 7,4'-O-diglucoside, luteolin 7-O-glucoside, rutin, apigenin 7-O-rutinoside, luteolin 4'-O-glucoside, luteolin, apigenin and diosmetin). Luteolin 7,4'-O-diglucoside and luteolin 4'-O-glucoside were identified by HPLC/DAD/MS/MS - ESI. The studied olive leaf samples showed a common phenolic pattern, in which luteolin 4'-O-glucoside was almost always the major compound.
Pan-tilt-zoom SLAM for Sports Videos (2019)

We present an online SLAM system specifically designed to track pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) cameras in highly dynamic sports such as basketball and soccer games. In these games, PTZ cameras rotate very fast and players cover large image areas. To overcome these challenges, we propose to use a novel camera model for tracking and to use rays as landmarks in mapping. Rays overcome the missing depth in pure-rotation cameras. We also develop an online pan-tilt forest for mapping and introduce moving objects (players) detection to mitigate negative impacts from foreground objects. We test our method on both synthetic and real datasets. The experimental results show the superior performance of our method over previous methods for online PTZ camera pose estimation.
Phenotypic Correction of α-Sarcoglycan Deficiency by Intra-arterial Injection of a Muscle-specific Serotype 1 rAAV Vector (2006)

alpha-Sarcoglycanopathy (limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2D, LGMD2D) is a recessive muscular disorder caused by deficiency in alpha-sarcoglycan, a transmembrane protein part of the dystrophin-associated complex. To date, no treatment exists for this disease. We constructed recombinant pseudotype-1 adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors expressing the human alpha-sarcoglycan cDNA from a ubiquitous or a muscle-specific promoter. Evidence of specific immune response leading to disappearance of the vector was observed with the ubiquitous promoter. In contrast, efficient and sustained transgene expression with correct sarcolemmal localization and without evident toxicity was obtained with the muscle-specific promoter after intra-arterial injection into the limbs of an LGMD2D murine model. Transgene expression resulted in restoration of the sarcoglycan complex, histological improvement, membrane stabilization, and correction of pseudohypertrophy. More importantly, alpha-sarcoglycan transfer produced full rescue of the contractile force deficits and stretch sensibility and led to an increase of the global activity of the animals when both posterior limbs are injected. Our results establish the feasibility for AAV-mediated alpha-sarcoglycan gene transfer as a therapeutic approach.
Managing large networks of virtual machines (2006)

As the number of available virtualization tools and their popularity continues to grow, the way in which virtual machines can be managed in a data center is becoming more and more important. A few commercial tools such as VMware ESX and XenEnterprise exist, but they are limited to a certain virtual machine technology and offer no way to expand the tool's capabilities to local needs. This paper discusses an open source management tool, MLN, for large virtual networks transparent of their virtualization platform. The current version supports the two popular open source virtual machine packages: Xen and User Mode Linux. MLN uses an extensible configuration language for the design of the virtual machines and their internal configuration. Large groups of virtual machines can be managed as logical groups. We present a web-server hosting scenario and a on-demand render farm as case studies to show the usefulness of our tool. The text concludes with a short discussion on the difficulties of offering abstraction to virtualization platforms.
Physiological Activation of the Mitochondrion and the Transformation Capacity of DFMO Induced Intermediate and Short Stumpy Bloodstream form Trypanosomes (1989)

Bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (EATRO 110) were cultured with 100 microM difluoromethylornithine (DFMO). After 48 hr, intracellular putrescine was depleted and cells were positive when histochemically stained for the mitochondrial marker enzyme, NAD diaphorase, and exhibited mitochondrial proliferation and cristae development when examined by electron microscopy. This suggested that the mitochondrion was undergoing the physiological transformation necessary for successful transmission of the bloodstream form to the vector, namely the initiation of development of a TCA cycle and cytochrome system. The short stumpy forms that appeared by day 4 of culture, although physiologically transformed, were not viable in so far as they were not capable of transforming to procyclic trypomastigotes when introduced into SDM-79 medium. When rats infected with T. b. brucei were given 4% (w/v) DFMO in their drinking water, they were cured within 72 hr. Trypanosomes removed from animals and stained for NAD diaphorase showed mitochondrial transformation, as well as an intermediate and short stumpy morphology, at 36 and 60 hr, respectively. Data from this study on the growth and transformation characteristics of the DFMO induced intermediate and short stumpy form trypanosomes supports the observation that the intermediate form, and not the short stumpy form, is able to successfully transform to procyclic trypomastigotes.
Chambers 21st century dictionary (1998)

Comprehensive, up-to-date, and above all easy-to-use, this dictionary is concise, free of jargon, and emphasizes the written and spoken English of everyday situations.
Eavesdropping on Health: A Naturalistic Observation Approach for Social Health Research (2007)

Abstract This article provides an overview of a novel ecological momentary assessment method called the electronically activated recorder or EAR. The EAR is a portable audio recorder that periodically records snippets of ambient sounds from participants’ momentary environments. In tracking moment‐to‐moment ambient sounds, the EAR yields an acoustic log of a person's day as it naturally unfolds. As a naturalistic observation method, it provides an observer's account of daily life and is optimized for the assessment of audible aspects of participants’ daily social environments and interactions. The article discusses the EAR method conceptually and methodologically and identifies three important ways in which it can enrich social health research. Specifically, it can help cross‐validate research findings independent of self‐reports, calibrate psychological measures against behavioral markers of real‐world social functioning, and further our understanding of the role that people's mundane social interactions and language use play in coping and health.
Recent Advances in the Treatment of Stage IIIA Lung Cancer (2003)

In Brief Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, and approximately one third of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer initially present with stage III disease. While the majority of stage III patients die of their disease, a percentage of treated patients do achieve long-term disease-free survival. Unfortunately, there is no clear standard of care for the treatment of stage IIIA lung cancer, and selecting the best therapy for a given patient is further complicated by variability within the stage IIIA population. Depending on the specific circumstances, appropriate treatment options for stage IIIA patients include surgery alone, chemotherapy followed by surgery, chemotherapy with radiation, and chemoradiation followed by surgery. Modern chemotherapeutic agents appear superior to those used in the past, and three-dimensional radiation planning allows for higher doses of radiation to be delivered to the tumor while minimizing the toxicity to normal tissues. Aggressive staging of all patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer including histologic examination of mediastinal lymph nodes is critical to accurately define stage III patients and optimize their management. Stage IIIA nonsmall cell lung cancer affects thousands of Americans each year. While most patients with stage IIIA lung cancer die of their disease, treatment can lead to long-term survival. Unfortunately, there is no clear standard of care. This article discusses the appropriate management of the stage IIIA patient. Staging strategies are reviewed along with acceptable treatment approaches and the relevant supporting data. Recent advances in chemotherapy and radiation therapy are emphasized.
High-level feature representation using recurrent neural network for speech emotion recognition (2015)

This paper presents a speech emotion recognition system using a recurrent neural network (RNN) model trained by an efficient learning algorithm. The proposed system takes into account the long-range context effect and the uncertainty of emotional label expressions. To extract high-level representation of emotional states with regard to its temporal dynamics, a powerful learning method with a bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) model is adopted. To overcome the uncertainty of emotional labels, such that all frames in the same utterance are mapped into the same emotional label, it is assumed that the label of each frame is regarded as a sequence of random variables. Then, the sequences are trained by the proposed learning algorithm. The weighted accuracy of the proposed emotion recognition system is improved up to 12% compared to the DNN-ELM based emotion recognition system used as a baseline.
Bone density of élite female athletes with stress fractures (1990)

To investigate whether stress fractures occurring in élite female athletes are related to reductions in bone mineral density (BMD), we measured BMD in nine athletes with such fractures and nine athletes without fractures who were matched for age, weight, height and sport. BMD was measured in three regions: upper limbs (distal radius), axial skeleton (lumbar spine) and lower limbs (femoral neck) by photon absorptiometry. The number of menses per year was significantly less (P less than 0.04) and the age of menarche was significantly delayed (mean +/- SD; 16.1 +/- 0.4 v. 14.4 +/- 1.5 years, P less than 0.02) in the fracture group compared with the non-fracture group. There was no significant difference in BMD between the two groups at any of the measurement sites. Moreover although the fractures occurred mainly in lower limb bones, at sites characterised by predominantly cortical bone, all athletes had femoral neck BMD values within the 95% confidence limits for normal non-athletic women. We conclude that stress fractures in élite female athletes are largely independent of BMD.
Quantitative Analysis of Liver Fibrosis and Stellate Cell Changes in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C After Interferon Therapy (1999)

These results suggest a-smooth muscle actin-expressing cells are responsible for liver fibrosis, and the elimination of factors stimulating matrix synthesis (e.g., hepatitis virus) may decrease liver fibrosis.
Analysis of Performance in the Virtual Machines Environment (2015)

In this paper, we propose a scheme that manages the Performance and resource of virtual machines that are used to host computing applications. As the size and complexity of modern computing systems keep increasing to meet the demanding requirements of Performance applications, manageability is becoming a important concern to achieve both performance and productivity computing. Meanwhile, virtual machine (VM) technologies have become well-liked in both industry and academia due to various features designed to ease system management and administration. While a VM-based environment can greatly help productivity on large-scale application system. In this paper, we provide an analytic framework for the performance analyzing either without running a system or in a run able real system. With these market trends toward virtual environments, many research groups are developing evaluation tools to check the performance of virtual systems and their overheads. However, the performance characterization in virtual environments has not been established yet for many challenging issues. However, achieving close to peak performance requires careful attention to a plethora of system details. The benefits of virtualization are typically considered to be server consolidation, (leading to the reduction of power and cooling costs) increased availability, isolation, ease of operating system deployment and simplified disaster recovery. One main challenge for virtualization, the need to maximize throughput with minimal loss of CPU and I/O efficiency.