gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
THE PROBLEMS OF THAI STUDENTS IN MASTERING ENGLISH SPEAKING SKILLS IN THE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF LAMONGAN (2021)

English speaking skills are very important to communicate in the world. Most of the people communicate with other people by using speaking skills. The difficult skill to master in learning English for Thai students is speaking skills, especially those who are learning English in Indonesia speaking skill seems to be the most difficult one to learn. Whereas, it is the most important skill that leads to effective communication between people. Speaking skill is considered as the most important means of communication. Although students still have problems with their English speaking skills. Thai students who study at the English department academic still get problems in speaking skills and it needs overcoming with their English problems. The main objective of this study is to know the problems of Thai students in mastering English speaking skills in the Islamic university of Lamongan (Indonesia). Keywords: Thai Student, English speaking skill
THE NIST AUTOMATED ARC WELDING TESTBED (1997)

The Automated Welding Manufacturing System (AWMS) is a research and development testbed for automated gas metal arc welding technology. Its activities are aimed at developing and validating standards that will contribute to increased use of automated welding technology by manufacturers. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) plans to work with technology suppliers and manufacturing users to test systems in the AWMS. Our experiments and control system designs will test the feasibility of interface standards and intelligent control technology to increase productivity, improve quality, and reduce the cost of system integration. Further, we will explore integration techniques that make multi-vendor system solutions more effective and easier to build, program, and operate.
A Comprehensive Overview of Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: Achievements and Future Challenges (2021)

This paper provides a comprehensive review and critical analysis of the latest research results in addition to an overview of the future challenges and opportunities regarding the use of hydrogen to power internal combustion engines (ICEs). The experiences and opinions of various international research centers on the technical possibilities of using hydrogen as a fuel in ICE are summarized. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of hydrogen as a solution are described. Attention is drawn to the specific physical, chemical, and operational properties of hydrogen for ICEs. A critical review of hydrogen combustion concepts is provided, drawing on previous research results and experiences described in a number of research papers. Much space is devoted to discussing the challenges and opportunities associated with port and direct hydrogen injection technology. A comparison of different fuel injection and ignition strategies and the benefits of using the synergies of selected solutions are presented. Pointing to the previous experiences of various research centers, the hazards related to incorrect hydrogen combustion, such as early pre-ignition, late pre-ignition, knocking combustion, and backfire, are described. Attention is focused on the fundamental importance of air ratio optimization from the point of view of combustion quality, NOx emissions, engine efficiency, and performance. Exhaust gas scrubbing to meet future emission regulations for hydrogen powered internal combustion engines is another issue that is considered. The article also discusses the modifications required to adapt existing engines to run on hydrogen. Referring to still-unsolved problems, the reliability challenges faced by fuel injection systems, in particular, are presented. An analysis of more than 150 articles shows that hydrogen is a suitable alternative fuel for spark-ignition engines. It will significantly improve their performance and greatly reduce emissions to a fraction of their current level. However, its use also has some drawbacks, the most significant of which are its high NOx emissions and low power output, and problems in terms of the durability and reliability of hydrogen-fueled engines.
Equatorial Segment Protein (ESP) Is a Human Alloantigen Involved in Sperm‐Egg Binding and Fusion (2008)

The equatorial segment of the sperm head is known to play a role in fertilization; however, the specific sperm molecules contributing to the integrity of the equatorial segment and in binding and fusion at the oolemma remain incomplete. Moreover, identification of molecular mediators of fertilization that are also immunogenic in humans is predicted to advance both the diagnosis and treatment of immune infertility. We previously reported the cloning of Equatorial Segment Protein (ESP), a protein localized to the equatorial segment of ejaculated human sperm. ESP is a biomarker for a subcompartment of the acrosomal matrix that can be traced through all stages of acrosome biogenesis (Wolkowicz et al, 2003). In the present study, ESP immunoreacted on Western blots with 4 (27%) of 15 antisperm antibody (ASA)-positive serum samples from infertile male patients and 2 (40%) of 5 ASA-positive female sera. Immunofluorescent studies revealed ESP in the equatorial segment of 89% of acrosome-reacted sperm. ESP persisted as a defined equatorial segment band on 100% of sperm tightly bound to the oolemma of hamster eggs. Antisera to recombinant human ESP inhibited both oolemmal binding and fusion of human sperm in the hamster egg penetration assay. The results indicate that ESP is a human alloantigen involved in sperm-egg binding and fusion. Defined recombinant sperm immunogens, such as ESP, may offer opportunities for differential diagnosis of immune infertility.
Research Progress and Application of High Radiation Infrared Ceramics (2011)

With excellent infrared radiation property,the green environment-friendly high radiation ceramics have a bright future and have been attracting increasing public attention.The research progress of the high radiation infrared ceramics at home and abroad was summarized and the radiant mechanism discussed in detail.Its application to heating and energy saving,spaceflight,health care,building,antibacterial,infrared thermal conductive materials and so forth was introduced.Finally,the research and development of high radiation infrared ceramics were prospected.
Phase I First-in-Human Study of Venetoclax in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (2017)

Purpose B-cell leukemia/lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) overexpression is common in many non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) subtypes. A phase I trial in patients with NHL was conducted to determine safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of venetoclax, a selective, potent, orally bioavailable BCL-2 inhibitor. Patients and Methods A total of 106 patients with relapsed or refractory NHL received venetoclax once daily until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity at target doses from 200 to 1,200 mg in dose-escalation and safety expansion cohorts. Treatment commenced with a 3-week dose ramp-up period for most patients in dose-escalation cohorts and for all patients in safety expansion. Results NHL subtypes included mantle cell lymphoma (MCL; n = 28), follicular lymphoma (FL; n = 29), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; n = 34), DLBCL arising from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Richter transformation; n = 7), Waldenström macroglobulinemia (n = 4), and marginal zone lymphoma (n = 3). Venetoclax was generally well tolerated. Clinical tumor lysis syndrome was not observed, whereas laboratory tumor lysis syndrome was documented in three patients. Treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 103 patients (97%), a majority of which were grade 1 to 2 in severity. Grade 3 to 4 events were reported in 59 patients (56%), and the most common were hematologic, including anemia (15%), neutropenia (11%), and thrombocytopenia (9%). Overall response rate was 44% (MCL, 75%; FL, 38%; DLBCL, 18%). Estimated median progression-free survival was 6 months (MCL, 14 months; FL, 11 months; DLBCL, 1 month). Conclusion Selective targeting of BCL-2 with venetoclax was well tolerated, and single-agent activity varied among NHL subtypes. We determined 1,200 mg to be the recommended single-agent dose for future studies in FL and DLBCL, with 800 mg being sufficient to consistently achieve durable response in MCL. Additional investigations including combination therapy to augment response rates and durability are ongoing.
Microwave dissipation in single-crystal high-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">T</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">c</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>superconductors (1990)

We report here detailed microwave-absorption studies on single crystals of both Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O and Y-Ba-Cu-O systems. A linear ohmic response is found at microwave frequencies, with the absorbed power proportional to the incident microwave power. The dependence of the signal on the angle between the applied dc field and the c axis shows that the absorption scales with the magnetic component along the c axis. A broad maximum is observed in the derivative signal of the absorbed power as the applied field B is varied at constant temperature. The peak field thus defined shows B\ensuremath{\propto}(1-T/${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$${)}^{3/2}$ dependence on temperature. The scaling of the data at different T and B gives a universal function for resistivity as \ensuremath{\rho}=F[B/(1-T/${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$${)}^{3/2}$]. Inconsistency with the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition is also discussed.
Optimizing power extraction in stretched-pulse fiber ring lasers (1995)

A variable output coupling scheme is described for a stretched-pulse polarization additive pulse mode-locked (APM) fiber ring laser. The scheme allows the coupling percentage to be changed while the laser is running and allows for the maximum possible power extraction before cavity losses inhibit mode-locked operation. We describe how the nonlinear pulse dynamics change to compensate the change in cavity loss. Compared to high power output coupling schemes that use the APM rejection port, this method provides cleaner output pulses at comparable output powers. Pulse energies of 0.39 nJ are obtained at 48% output coupling in a diode-pumped system. 88 fs pulses with time-bandwidth products of 0.49 are obtained after output chirp compensation using a silicon prism pair.
Markups, Returns to Scale, and Productivity: A Case Study of Singapore's Manufacturing Sector (2002)

The results of this paper challenge the conventional wisdom in the literature that productivity plays no role in the economic development of Singapore. Properly accounting for market power and returns to scale technology, the estimated average productivity growth is twice as large as the conventional total factor productivity (TFP) measures. Using a standard growth accounting (production function) technique, Young (1992, 1995) found no sign of TFP growth in the aggregate economy and the manufacturing sector of Singapore. Based on Young's results, Krugman (1994) claimed that there was no East Asia miracle as all the economic growth in Singapore could be attributed to its capital accumulation in the past three decades. Citing evidence on nondiminishing market rates of return to capital investment in Singapore during the period of fast growth as an indication of high productivity growth, Hsieh (1999) challenged Young's findings using the dual approach. But all of these papers maintained the assumptions of perfect competition and constant returns to scale and used only aggregate macro-level data. Kee uses industry level data and focuses on Singapore's manufacturing sector. She develops an empirical methodology to estimate industry productivity growth in the presence of market power and nonconstant returns to scale. The estimation of industry markups and returns to scale in this paper combines both the production function (primal) and the cost function (dual) approaches while controlling for input endogeneity and selection bias. The results of a fixed effect panel regression show that all industries in the manufacturing sector violate at least one of the two assumptions. Relaxing the assumptions leads to an estimated productivity growth that is on average twice as large as the conventional TFP calculation. Kee concludes that productivity growth plays a nontrivial role in the manufacturing sector.
Purification and characterization of a thermostable beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase from Laetiporus sulphureus var. miniatus. (2009)

A beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase from the fungus Laetiporus sulphureus var. miniatus was purified as a single 26 kDa band by ammonium sulfate precipitation, HiTrap Q HP, and UNO Q ion-exchange chromatography, with a specific activity of 29 U/mg. The molecular mass of the native enzyme was 52 kDa as a dimer by gel filtration. beta-1,3-1,4-Glucanase showed optimum activity at pH 4.0 and 75 degrees . The half-lives of the enzyme at 70 degrees and 75 degrees were 152 h and 22 h, respectively. The enzyme showed the highest activity for barley beta- glucan as beta-1,3-1,4-glucan among the tested polysaccharides and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glycosides with a K(m) of 0.67 mg/ml, a k(cat) of 13.5 s(-1) and a k(cat)/K(m) of 20 mg/ml/s.
Modified SSSV for Oil Wells With Sanding Tendency (1993)

ABSTRACT Many of Saudi Aramco’s wells have been experiencing a substantial increase in sand production resulting from increased drawdown and water production. As a result, sand has accumulated in the internal mechanism of many subsurface safety valves, rendering the valve’s internal mechanism inoperative. A design change that was proposed by the manufacturer to eliminate the possibility of sand accumulation in the valves was approved by Saudi Aramco for installation on a trial basis. The design modification incorporated technology typically used in tubing retrievable subsurface safety valves. The modified valves were installed and tested in sand-producing wells. Based on field results, other valves have been modified and installed. Their performance and ability to maintain the safety control required is presently being monitored, and the results to date have been encouraging.
Antibody-Mediated Rejection of Solid-Organ Allografts (2018)

This review focuses on current standards for management of antibody-mediated rejection in solid-organ transplant recipients and emphasizes advances that may ultimately lead to the development of precise, pathogenesis-based therapeutic approaches.
Performance comparison of a custom emulation-based test environment against a real-world LTE testbed (2015)

Notwithstanding the value of Long Term Evolution (LTE) towards an improved user experience in next-generation networks, its associated high complexity is known to place computational and time burdens on testing tasks involving real-world platforms. Simulation is currently the tool most widely used to tackle this issue. LENA, for instance, is an open source simulator based on ns-3 that allows the design, evaluation, and validation of LTE networks. Despite of modeling the main LTE elements and interfaces, one limitation of LENA is that it docs not support the use of external traffic entities in conjunction with the simulation. In this paper, we describe how the ns-3 LENA LTE framework can be customized for use in an emulation-based test environment that allows a wider variety of real-world applications to be run over the simulated links. To validate our emulation results, we use as benchmark a testbed that differs from the aforementioned test environment in that the ns-3 server running the simulated network is replaced with a network made up of real-world platforms. Initial validation results, based on limited tests using an industry-standard VoIP test tool and iperf throughput tool, demonstrate that ns-3 LTE models can deliver voice quality and latency as good as an experimental testbed using actual LTE equipment over a range of signal-to-noise ratios. Similar conclusions arc also drawn for throughput, thus confirming the suitability of our emulation approach as a viable means to predict performance in real LTE networks. The good agreement of our experimental results is possible not only because the same functionality is implemented in both experiments but due to the use of the same traffic generation tools in the simulated and real-world LTE networks not -- possible in standard LENA simulation.
[Scope and limitations of the analytical use of dansyl chloride, I: The reaction of aromatic sulfonyl chlorides with aliphatic tertiary amines: the microanalytical aspects of the Hinsberg test (author's transl)]. (1977)

Contrary to the present understanding of the Hinsberg test, aliphatic tertiary amines (N,N-dimethylethylamine, bufotenin, hordenine, tropan alkaloids) are shown generally to react with aromatic sulfonyl chlorides yielding the N-substituted sulfonamide derivatives of the monodealkylated amines as the result of oxidative dealkylation of the aliphatic tertiary amines. Possible errors resulting from the indiscriminate use of either dansyl chloride, bansyl chloride or other aromatic sulfonyl chlorides for the direct analytical determination of secondary amines, secondary amino acids, noralkaloids etc., are pointed out.
The effect of noise and depolarization on hyperpolarized tracers perfusion assessment (2007)

The effect of imaging pulse sequences on the perfusion model of hyperpolarized tracers and its influence on the quantitative assessment of blood perfusion were simulated and studied. Using three different singular value decomposition (SVD) based regularizations, including truncated SVD and first and second order Tikhonov, perfusion related parameters were calculated and compared. The simulation results revealed that depolarization compensated and uncompensated models underestimate the flow rate by similar amounts. However, the compensated model determines the mean transition time and cerebral blood volume more accurately than the uncompensated model. It was shown that, due to the rapid decay of the effective residue function in hyperpolarized tracers, regularization techniques sensitive to the first derivative of the residue function fail in perfusion parameter estimation
Practical applications of SiC-MOSFETs and further developments (2016)

The next generation power modules using SiC-MOSFETs have been developed for over ten years. From our successful results, we have released SiC power modules which have been used in railway vehicles, industrial machines and home appliances, etc. Low on-resistance 3.3 kV SiC-MOSFETs have been realized by JFET doping and they demonstrated a loss reduction of 55% in a traction inverter compared to a conventional system. In the case of a 1.2 kV MOSFET, a 1 cm2 die verified that it can control a large current of over 600 A. For home appliances, we reduce the trade-off between the threshold voltage and channel mobility by a new gate oxide process. High threshold voltage SiC-MOSFETs having a low on-resistance contribute to the low cost installation of SiC-MOSFETs into air conditioners and achieved a loss reduction of 45% in DC converters. For further reduction of conduction loss, we investigated new structures and technologies. Trench SiC-MOSFETs having a bottom p-well verify lower on-resistance and a larger SCSOA than those of planar MOSFETs. The optimization of the dopant concentration in the drift layer and a reduction of wafer thickness verified the reduction of on-resistance. They are expected to contribute to a lower power loss.
Only 15% of FPs Report Using Telehealth; Training and Lack of Reimbursement Are Top Barriers. (2016)

In a 2014 national survey, only 15% of responding family physicians (FPs) reported using telehealth in the previous year, even though most agreed that telehealth could improve access to and continuity of care for their patients. More than one-half of FPs identified lack of training and reimbursement as key barriers to adoption of telehealth, with more than 40% noting the cost of technology and liability issues as additional barriers.
Dynamic Response Improvements of Parallel-Connected Bidirectional DC–DC Converters for Electrical Drive Powered by Low-Voltage Battery Employing Optimized Feedforward Control (2016)

Parallel-connected modular current-fed bidirectional dc-dc converters are used for the AC motor drive system powered by batteries with low voltage and wide voltage range. The input current ripple can be reduced significantly by employing interleaving technology not only for individual module but also for all the modules. A current sharing control strategy is applied for the constituent modules. Double pulse width modulation plus double phase shifted control with equal duty cycles for one module can minimize the circulation loss and avoid nonactive power issue. Factors affecting dynamic performance are investigated based on the small-signal modeling. The leakage inductance value is optimized in view of system reliability and better dynamic performance. Besides, to improve the dynamic performance further, feedforward control employing optimized feedforward coefficient based on the small-signal analysis is implemented. A 4-kw prototype composed of two bidirectional dc-dc converters is built to verify the effectiveness for the proposed control strategy in AC motor drive application with fast regenerative braking.
Structure‐Switching Signaling Aptamers: Transducing Molecular Recognition into Fluorescence Signaling (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Commissioning community health care: missing the point (1995)

Discusses commissioning community health care and the fact that present mechanisms do not enable commissioning to meet the needs of patients requiring community care relevant to their needs. The focus on efficiency, money and simple activity does not take into account the complex nature of community care and the need to take a variety of factors into account if commissioning is to be effective.
Metatranscriptomics reveals temperature-driven functional changes in microbiome impacting cheese maturation rate (2016)

Traditional cheeses harbour complex microbial consortia that play an important role in shaping typical sensorial properties. However, the microbial metabolism is considered difficult to control. Microbial community succession and the related gene expression were analysed during ripening of a traditional Italian cheese, identifying parameters that could be modified to accelerate ripening. Afterwards, we modulated ripening conditions and observed consistent changes in microbial community structure and function. We provide concrete evidence of the essential contribution of non-starter lactic acid bacteria in ripening-related activities. An increase in the ripening temperature promoted the expression of genes related to proteolysis, lipolysis and amino acid/lipid catabolism and significantly increases the cheese maturation rate. Moreover, temperature-promoted microbial metabolisms were consistent with the metabolomic profiles of proteins and volatile organic compounds in the cheese. The results clearly indicate how processing-driven microbiome responses can be modulated in order to optimize production efficiency and product quality.