gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning and Expression of the Phosphoprotein Gene of Newcastle Disease Virus In Escherichia coli (2002)

The phosphoprotein (P) gene of a heat stable Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was cloned, sequenced and expressed in Escherichia coli. SDS-PAGE analysis of the recombinant P protein (395 amino acids) and a C-terminal extension derivative (424 amino acids), gave rise to two distinct protein bands with molecular masses of approximately 53-55 and 56-58 kDa, respectively, which are approximately 26-30% heavier than those calculated from the deduced amino acid sequences. The differences in molecular mass on SDS-PAGE are thought to be attributed to the acidic nature of the P protein (pI=6.27) and also the different degrees of phosphorylation in the prokaryotic cell. Amino acid sequence comparison of the P protein among the published NDV strains showed that they were highly conserved particularly at the putative phosphorylation sites.
Preparation of luciferase‐bacterial magnetic particle complex by artificial integration of MagA‐luciferase fusion protein into the bacterial magnetic particle membrane (2002)

MagA is an iron-translocating protein found in the membranes of magnetic bacterium. Luciferase-bacterial magnetic particle (BMP) complexes were prepared by artificially inserting MagA-luciferase fusion proteins into the membranes of BMPs from Magnetospirillum magneticum strain AMB-1. Fusion proteins were from recombinant Escherichia coli membranes. MagA-Luc fusion proteins were integrated by sonication in vitro. Successful integration of fusion proteins was confirmed by luciferase luminescence on BMPs. Maximum luminescence was obtained after sonication for 3 min with a solution containing 300 mM NaCl, and is 18 times higher compared with recombinant Luc-BMPs generated using previously reported gene fusion techniques.
Skipping, Cascade, and Combined Chain Schemes for Broadcast Encryption. (2005)

We develop a couple of new methods to reduce transmission overheads in broadcast encryption. The methods are based on the idea of assigning one key per each partition using one-way key chains after partitioning the users. One method adopts skipping chains on partitions containing up to p revoked users and the other adopts cascade chains on partitions with layer structure. The scheme using the former reduces the transmission overhead down to p+1 asymptotically as r grows, and the scheme using the latter keeps the transmission overhead very small when r approaches 0, where r is the number of revoked users. Combining the two schemes, we propose a new broadcast encryption scheme with least transmission overhead. Our schemes also possess a remarkable feature that any number of new users can join at any time without key update, which is not available for most of known practical schemes.
Fabrication Principles and Their Contribution to the Superior In Vivo Therapeutic Efficacy of Nano-Liposomes Remote Loaded with Glucocorticoids (2011)

We report here the design, development and performance of a novel formulation of liposome- encapsulated glucocorticoids (GCs). A highly efficient (>90%) and stable GC encapsulation was obtained based on a transmembrane calcium acetate gradient driving the active accumulation of an amphipathic weak acid GC pro-drug into the intraliposome aqueous compartment, where it forms a GC-calcium precipitate. We demonstrate fabrication principles that derive from the physicochemical properties of the GC and the liposomal lipids, which play a crucial role in GC release rate and kinetics. These principles allow fabrication of formulations that exhibit either a fast, second-order (t(1/2) ~1 h), or a slow, zero-order release rate (t(1/2) ~ 50 h) kinetics. A high therapeutic efficacy was found in murine models of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and hematological malignancies.
A planar electrooptic-prism switch (1975)

A novel electrode configuration for producing a prism-like deflector when applied to a planar optical waveguide is described. A prism deflector on a Ti-diffused LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> waveguide was operated as a bipolar switch for electrode voltages of ± 15 V.
Single grid focused ion beam source (1985)

A technique for providing an ion beam of variable focussing (concentration) is described using a flexible grid for extracting and accelerating ions from an ion plasma. The grid is electrically conducting and will bow depending on a voltage difference between it and the ion plasma. This bowing of the grid from its initial planar configuration provides focussing of the ion beam. The amount of focussing depends upon the amount the grid is bowed, which in turn depends upon the voltage difference between it and the ion plasma. The same ion source/flexible grid combination can be used for different operations as for example, providing a collimated, low energy ion beam over a large area and then for providing a focussed ion beam of high energy onto a small area.
Tunable multiple-quantum-well distributed-Bragg-reflector lasers as tunable narrowband receivers (1989)

We report a tunable receiver based on a MQW-DBR laser biased just below threshold. The device simultaneously integrates the functions of a tunable filter, optical amplifier, photodetectorand, if desired, an FSK discriminator. Using identical devices for both a transmitter and a receiver, we demonstrate FSK transmission up to 250 Mbit/s with sensitivities in the ˜- 30dBm range for 10−9 BER. Speed is limited by the transmitter FM response, and independentspeed measurements indicate a detection bandwidth of at least 1.7 GHz.
Electrochemical doping during light emission in polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (2008)

Polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), the electrochemical analog of light-emitting diodes, are relatively simple to manufacture yet difficult to understand. The combination of ionic and electronic charge carriers make for a richly complex electrochemical device. This paper addresses two curious observations from wide-gap planar LEC experiments: (1) Both the current and light intensity continue to increase with time long after the $p\text{\ensuremath{-}}n$ junction has formed. (2) The light-emitting $p\text{\ensuremath{-}}n$ junction often moves, both ``straightening out'' and migrating toward the cathode, with time. We propose that these phenomena are explained by the continuation of electrochemical doping even after the $p\text{\ensuremath{-}}n$ junction has formed. We hope that this understanding will help to solve issues such as the limited lifetime of LECs and will help to make them a more practical device in commercial and scientific applications.
3 W continuous-wave room temperature single-facet emission from quantum cascade lasers based on nonresonant extraction design approach (2009)

A strain-balanced, InP-based quantum cascade laser structure, designed for light emission at 4.6 μm using a new nonresonant extraction design approach, was grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Removal of the restrictive two-phonon resonant condition, currently used in most structure designs, allows simultaneous optimization of several design parameters influencing laser performance. Following the growth, the structure was processed in buried heterostructure. Maximum single-ended continuous-wave optical power of 3 W was obtained at 293 K for devices with stripe dimensions of 5 mm×11.6 μm. Corresponding maximum wallplug efficiency and threshold current density were measured to be 12.7% and 0.86 kA/cm2.
Optimal resource allocation in uplink SC-FDMA systems (2009)

We present algorithms for resource allocation in Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, which is the uplink multiple access scheme considered in the Third Generation Partnership Project-Long Term Evolution (3GPP-LTE) standard. Unlike the well-studied problem of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) resource allocation, the "subchannel adjacency" restriction, whereby users can only be assigned multiple subchannels that are adjacent to each other, makes the problem much harder to solve. We present a novel reformulation of this problem as a pure binary-integer program called the set partitioning problem, which is a well studied problem in operations research. We also present a greedy heuristic algorithm that approaches the optimal performance in cases of practical interest. We present simulation results for 3GPP-LTE uplink scenarios.
In-situ testability design (ISTD)—A new approach for testing high-speed LSI/VLSI logic (1982)

After a discussion of the main problems encountered in conventional methods used for testing high-speed LSI/VLSI logic, a new approach, to be called the "in-situ testability design" (ISTD), will be presented. The approach consists of extending the use of latches and serial-shift arrangements (SSA's) provided in the hardware system to be tested, by incorporating on-chip feedback arrangements designed in such a way that the chips and modules will be self-sufficient for testability-that they will be testable in-situ and in-isolation, despite their interconnections after being assembled in the system. By proper design, chips can be made testable also on-wafer prior to their dicing. For economical implementation, arrangements for sharing the use of latches and multiplexors will be introduced and explained. The ISTD approach will fundamentally simplify and facilitate the testing of high-speed LSI/VLSI logic and greatly reduce the costs of test equipment and testing. Design procedure for its implementation, and test strategy based on its use, will be described.
Multiple substrate microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition single crystal diamond synthesis (2008)

A multiple substrate, microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition synthesis process for single crystal diamond (SCD) is demonstrated using a 915MHz reactor. Diamond synthesis was performed using input chemistries of 6–8% of CH4∕H2, microwave input powers of 10–11.5kW, substrate temperatures of 1100–1200°C, and pressures of 110–135Torr. The simultaneous synthesis of SCD over 70 diamond seeds yielded good quality SCD with deposition rates of 14–21μm∕h. Multiple deposition runs totaling 145h of deposition time added 1.8–2.5mm of diamond material to each of the 70 seed crystals.
Central executive training for ADHD: Effects on academic achievement, productivity, and success in the classroom. (2022)

Results across the two trials provide strong support for the efficacy of CET for ADHD, and are consistent with model-driven hypotheses that academic difficulties in ADHD are due, in part, to these children's underdeveloped executive functioning abilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Molecular Diagnosis of Thiopurine S-Methyltransferase Deficiency: Genetic Basis for Azathioprine and Mercaptopurine Intolerance (1997)

The major inactivating mutations at the human TPMT locus have been identified and can be reliably detected by PCR-based methods, which show an excellent concordance between genotype and phenotype. The detection of TPMT mutations provides a molecular diagnostic method for prospectively identifying TPMT-deficient and heterozygous patients.
Signal Frequency Chirp of Photonic Time-Stretch System Due to Nonlinear Dispersion (2019)

In this letter, signal frequency chirp due to nonlinear dispersion in a photonic time-stretch system is analyzed, and a correction method is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. A time-dependent frequency transfer function is derived for the first time, which can be taken as an instruction for the correction of signal frequency chirp in a digital domain. The numerical simulation shows the proposed correction method applicable to both the single-tone signal and broadband signal transmissions. The experimental result proves that the demodulated signal quality of a transmitted QPSK signal is significantly improved after the correction of signal frequency chirp in the digital domain.
Preparation and characterization of polybenzoxazine-clay immiscible nanocomposite (2001)

An immiscible polymer-clay nanocomposite has been synthesized consisting of dispersed layers of organically modified montmorillonite (OMOM) in a polybenzoxazine matrix as shown by thermogravimetry, wide angle x-ray diffraction (WAXD), and transmission electron microscopy. Five small protonated amines showed high ion-exchangeability. The spacing of the silicate layers is strongly dependent on the size or molecular weight of the amine derivative and the solvent type. Binary solvents (5% mehthanol in toluene) exhibited superior ability to swell OMOM. Finally, WAXD results revealed that the silicate layer expansion of all polybenzoxazine-OMOM nanocomposites prepared from either melt or solution methods were similar, about 4 Å increment. This was correlated with TEM results showing the aggregation of silicate layers indicating that all prepared OMOM are immiscible with the polymer matrix. These results suggested that the compatibility between amine modifying agents and benzoxazine played the most important role for the characteristics of the nano-composite.
Diatom Microbubbler for Active Biofilm Removal in Confined Spaces (2018)

Bacterial biofilms form on and within many living tissues, medical devices, and engineered materials, threatening human health and sustainability. Removing biofilms remains a grand challenge despite tremendous efforts made so far, particularly when they are formed in confined spaces. One primary cause is the limited transport of antibacterial agents into extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of the biofilm. In this study, we hypothesized that a microparticle engineered to be self-locomotive with microbubbles would clean a structure fouled by biofilm by fracturing the EPS and subsequently improving transports of the antiseptic reagent. We examined this hypothesis by doping a hollow cylinder-shaped diatom biosilica with manganese oxide (MnO<sub>2</sub>) nanosheets. In an antiseptic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> solution, the diatoms doped by MnO<sub>2</sub> nanosheets, denoted as diatom bubbler, discharged oxygen gas bubbles continuously and became self-motile. Subsequently, the diatoms infiltrated the bacterial biofilm formed on either flat or microgrooved silicon substrates and continued to generate microbubbles. The resulting microbubbles merged and converted surface energy to mechanical energy high enough to fracture the matrix of biofilm. Consequently, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> molecules diffused into the biofilm and killed most bacterial cells. Overall, this study provides a unique and powerful tool that can significantly impact current efforts to clean a wide array of biofouled products and devices.
Quantum cascade laser: An intersub-band semiconductorlaser operating above liquid nitrogen temperature (1994)

A unipolar intersub-band semiconductor laser operating above liquid nitrogen temperature at 4.3 µm wavelength is reported. The measured optical power in pulsed operation is 30 mW at 102 K and the slope efficiency 0.1 W/A. Strong line-narrowing above threshold and well resolved longitudinal modes are observed up to 125 K. This new light source, called the quantum cascade laser, is based on sequential photon emission in a staircase/coupled quantum well AlInAs/GaInAs structure grown by MBE and its wavelength can be tailored in an extremely wide region.
Quantum cascade lasers shape up for trace-gas sensing (2001)

The recent expansion of quantum cascade lasers to the far infrared wavelength range and short-pulsed operation further broadens the lasers' scope in trace-gas sensing applications.
HLA-B38, DR4, DQw3 and Clozapine-Induced Agranulocytosis in Jewish Patients With Schizophrenia (1990)

Agranulocytosis develops in approximately 1% of patients with chronic schizophrenia treated with the atypical neuroleptic drug clozapine. Previous studies have not identified the mechanism or risk factors for this adverse reaction. Because of an observed association between Jewish ethnic background and the development of agranulocytosis in our patient sample treated with clozapine for refractory symptoms, HLA typing was performed in 31 patients (19.4% of whom had developed agranulocytosis). The HLA-B38 phenotype was found in 83% of patients who developed agranulocytosis and in 20% of clozapine-treated patients who did not develop agranulocytosis. Because B38 is part of a haplotype known to occur frequently in the Ashkenazi Jewish population, the frequencies of the combined alleles HLA-B38, DR4, and DQw3 were examined. The incidence of HLA-B38, DR4, DQw3 was significantly increased in patients with agranulocytosis (five of five patients) compared with control patients of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry (two of 17 patients). These findings indicate that genetic factors marked by major histocompatibility complex haplotypes may be associated with the susceptibility of Jewish schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine to develop agranulocytosis. We postulate that gene products contained in the haplotype may be involved in mediating drug toxicity.
Kinestatic charge detection (1985)

A new technique for detecting ionizing radiation in two dimensions, called "kinestatic charge detection," is proposed and analyzed. This technique is useful when the signal photons must be integrated, as in computed tomography and digital radiography, rather than counted, as in nuclear medicine imaging. A generic treatment of the technique with gas-, liquid-, or solid-state radiation detectors is presented. A theoretical analysis is given of the fundamental physical parameters required for kinestatic charge detection to be successful.
Evaluation of the patient acceptable symptom state as an outcome measure in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: Data from a randomized controlled trial (2008)

PASS is a feasible, acceptable, reliable, and valid assessment of satisfactory health state in patients with AS.
A potent dimeric peptide antagonist of interleukin-5 that binds two interleukin-5 receptor α chains (2000)

Two series of peptides that specifically bind to the extracellular domain of the alpha chain of the human interleukin-5 receptor (IL-5Ralpha), but share no primary sequence homology to IL-5, were identified from libraries of random recombinant peptides. Affinity maturation procedures generated a 19-aa peptide that binds to the IL-5 receptor alpha/beta heterodimer complex with an affinity equal to that of IL-5 and is a potent and specific antagonist of IL-5 activity in a human eosinophil adhesion assay. The active form of the peptide is a disulfide-crosslinked dimer that forms spontaneously in solution. Gel filtration analysis, receptor-binding studies, and analytical ultracentrifugation reveal that the dimeric peptide binds simultaneously to two receptor alpha chains in solution. Furthermore, the dimer peptide, but not IL-5, can activate a chimeric receptor consisting of the IL-5Ralpha extracellular domain fused to the intracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor, thus demonstrating that the peptide also promotes receptor dimerization in a cellular context. The functional antagonism produced by the bivalent interaction of the dimeric peptide with two IL-5R alpha chains represents a distinctive mechanism for the antagonism of cytokines that use heteromeric receptors.
Eddy current offers a powerful tool for investigating residual stress and other metallurgical properties (1999)

Residual stress alters the natural conductivity of a metal only slightly; typical values of {Delta}{sigma}/{sigma} range from 5 to 100 parts per million (ppm). To detect such small effects, an eddy current bridge must be extremely stable and free of thermal or noise effects. By analyzing the conductivity as a function of frequency the residual stress distribution in the surface layers can be compared to standard samples whose stress distribution is known from X-ray analysis. It is not yet determined what the relationship between conductivity and stress is, only that it is repeatable. Many different shot peened metals have been measured successfully. Changes in conductivity which produce changes in the eddy current signatures have also been observed in samples of welded aluminum, heat treated steel, and others.
Finding dimensions for queries (2011)

We address the problem of finding multiple groups of words or phrases that explain the underlying query facets, which we refer to as query dimensions. We assume that the important aspects of a query are usually presented and repeated in the query's top retrieved documents in the style of lists, and query dimensions can be mined out by aggregating these significant lists. Experimental results show that a large number of lists do exist in the top results, and query dimensions generated by grouping these lists are useful for users to learn interesting knowledge about the queries.
Microstrip antennas for dual-frequency operation (1984)

Single element microstrip antenna for dual-frequency operation have been investigated. By placing shorting pins at appropriate locations in the patch, the ratio of two-band frequencies can be varied from 3 to 1.8. In many applications a smaller ratio is desired, and this can be achieved by introducing slots in the patch. In so doing, the ratio can be reduced to less than 1.3. For this type of antenna, a hybrid multiport theory is developed and theoretical results are found to be in excellent agreement with the measured.
MEK1 protein kinase inhibition protects against damage resulting from focal cerebral ischemia (1999)

The MEK1 (MAP kinase/ERK kinase)/ERK (extracellular-signal-responsive kinase) pathway has been implicated in cell growth and differentiation [Seger, R. & Krebs, E. G. (1995) FASEB J. 9, 726-735]. Here we show that the MEK/ERK pathway is activated during focal cerebral ischemia and may play a role in inducing damage. Treatment of mice 30 min before ischemia with the MEK1-specific inhibitor PD98059 [Alessi, D. R., Cuenda, A., Cohen, P. , Dudley, D. T. & Saltiel, A. R. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 27489-27494] reduces focal infarct volume at 22 hr after ischemia by 55% after transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. This is accompanied by a reduction in phospho-ERK1/2 immunohistochemical staining. MEK1 inhibition also results in reduced brain damage 72 hr after ischemia, with focal infarct volume reduced by 36%. This study indicates that the MEK1/ERK pathway contributes to brain injury during focal cerebral ischemia and that PD98059, a MEK1-specific antagonist, is a potent neuroprotective agent.