gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Invertible authentication watermark for JPEG images (2002)

We present two new invertible watermarking methods for authentication of digital images in the JPEG format. While virtually all previous authentication watermarking schemes introduced some small amount of non-invertible distortion in the image, the new methods are invertible in the sense that, if the image is deemed authentic, the distortion due to authentication can be completely removed to obtain the original image data. The first technique is based on lossless compression of biased bit-streams derived from the quantized JPEG coefficients. The second technique modifies the quantization matrix to enable lossless embedding of one bit per DCT coefficient. Both techniques are fast and can be used for general distortion-free (invertible) data embedding. The new methods provide new information assurance tools for integrity protection of sensitive imagery, such as medical images or high-importance military images viewed under non-standard conditions when usual criteria for visibility do not apply.
Updates on the Real-Time Spherical Array Renderer (ReTiSAR) (2020)

We recently presented ReTiSAR, a framework for binaural rendering of spherical microphone array signals in real-time. The array signals and the employed head-related transfer functions are convolved in the spherical harmonics domain to compute the resulting ear signals and virtually place a listener into the captured sound field. In this contribution, we present the latest additions to the Python software package. These comprise, among others, an interface to the Spatially Oriented Format for Acoustics (SOFA), the ability of switching the spherical harmonics rendering order during runtime as well as performance optimizations enabling real-time rendering up to 12th-order. Furthermore, we integrated enhancements recently proposed in the literature for the upper frequency range where spatial undersampling occurs.
Sub-optimal decoding of block and lattice codes (2002)

We present several bounded distance decoding algorithms for a family of block codes. These algorithms can be efficiently employed for decoding lattice codes. A thorough investigation of the performance and decision regions of the proposed algorithms are performed. These suggest that there are three distinct types of nearest neighbors classified according to their affect on the decision region.
Correction for LaRocco et al., A Continuous Bovine Kidney Cell Line Constitutively Expressing Bovine α <sub>V</sub> β <sub>6</sub> Integrin Has Increased Susceptibility to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (2015)

Volume 51, no. 12, p. [1714–1720][1], 2012. After the initial distribution of the LFBK-αVβ6 cell line, studies were conducted to further characterize the cell line. These studies revealed that the LFBK parental cell line and the transduced LFBK-αVβ6 cell line are of porcine genotype and not of
Staged <i>in vitro</i> reconstitution and implantation of engineered rat kidney tissue (2007)

A major hurdle for current xenogenic-based and other approaches aimed at engineering kidney tissues is reproducing the complex three-dimensional structure of the kidney. Here, a stepwise, in vitro method of engineering rat kidney-like tissue capable of being implanted is described. Based on the fact that the stages of kidney development are separable into in vitro modules, an approach was devised that sequentially induces an epithelial tubule (the Wolffian duct) to undergo in vitro budding, followed by branching of a single isolated bud and its recombination with metanephric mesenchyme. Implantation of the recombined tissue results in apparent early vascularization. Thus, in principle, an unbranched epithelial tubular structure (potentially constructed from cultured cells) can be induced to form kidney tissue such that this in vitro engineered tissue is capable of being implanted in host rats and developing glomeruli with evidence of early vascularization. Optimization studies (of growth factor and matrix) indicate multiple suitable combinations and suggest both a most robust and a minimal system. A whole-genome microarray analysis suggested that recombined tissue recapitulated gene expression changes that occur in vivo during later stages of kidney development, and a functional assay demonstrated that the recombined tissue was capable of transport characteristic of the differentiating nephron. The approach includes several points where tissue can be propagated. The data also show how functional, 3D kidney tissue can assemble by means of interactions of independent modules separable in vitro, potentially facilitating systems-level analyses of kidney development.
Porcine Parvovirus: DNA Sequence and Genome Organization (1989)

We have determined the nucleotide sequence of an almost full-length clone of porcine parvovirus (PPV). The sequence is 4973 nucleotides (nt) long. The 3' end of virion DNA shows a Y-shaped configuration homologous to rodent parvoviruses. The 5' end of virion DNA shows a repetition of 127 nt at the carboxy terminus of the capsid proteins. The overall organization of the PPV genome is similar to those of other autonomous parvoviruses. There are two large open reading frames (ORFs) that almost entirely cover the genome, both located in the same frame of the complementary strand. The left ORF encodes the non-structural protein NS1 and the right ORF encodes the capsid proteins (VP1, VP2 and VP3). Promoter analysis, location of splicing sites and putative amino acid sequences for the viral proteins show a high homology of PPV with feline panleukopenia virus and canine parvoviruses (FPV and CPV) and rodent parvovirus. Therefore we conclude that PPV is related to the Kilham rat virus (KRV) group of autonomous parvoviruses formed by KRV, minute virus of mice, Lu III, H-1, FPV and CPV.
Magnetically tunable filter from 72 GHz to 95 GHz (2010)

In this paper a magnetically tunable filter based on unilateral finlines is presented. The filter covers a tuning frequency range from 72 GHz to 95 GHz, achieving an insertion loss between 11.3 dB and 7.3 dB.
A Real‐Time Decision Support System for High Cost Oil Well Drilling Operations (2013)

In this paper we present DrillEdge — a commercial and award‐winning software system that monitors oil well drilling operations in order to reduce nonproductive time (NPT). DrillEdge utilizes case‐based reasoning with temporal representations on streaming real‐ime data, pattern matching, and agent systems to predict problems and give advice on how to mitigate the problems. We document the methods utilized, the architecture, the GUI. and the development cost in addition to two case studies.
Compact clinical MRI magnet design using a multi-layer current density approach (2001)

In this work, a new method of optimization is successfully applied to the theoretical design of compact, actively shielded, clinical MRI magnets. The problem is formulated as a two-step process in which the desired current densities on multiple, co-axial surface layers are first calculated by solving Fredholm equations of the first kind. Non-linear optimization methods with inequality constraints are then invoked to fit practical magnet coils to the desired current densities. The current density approach allows rapid prototyping of unusual magnet designs. The emphasis of this work is on the optimal design of short, actively-shielded MRI magnets for whole-body imaging. Details of the hybrid numerical model are presented, and the model is used to investigate compact, symmetric, and asymmetric MRI magnets. Magnet designs are presented for actively-shielded, symmetric magnets of coil length 1.0 m, which is considerably shorter than currently available designs of comparable dsv size. Novel, actively-shielded, asymmetric magnet designs are also presented in which the beginning of a 50-cm dsv is positioned just 11 cm from the end of the coil structure, allowing much improved access to the patient and reduced patient claustrophobia. Magn Reson Med 45:331-340, 2001.
Active control system for low-frequency road noise combined with an audio system (2001)

An active control system for low-frequency road noise in automobiles combined with an audio system is developed as a commercial application for the first time in the world, and installed in a station wagon. The purpose of this paper is to provide an outline of the system and describe the newly developed cost-reduction technology used for it, since the reduction of system costs is a major reason that active noise control technology could successfully be applied in a commercial product. The methods used to reduce costs include utilization of feedback control, implementation by analogue circuits, and common use of audio system speakers. This system reduces low-frequency road noise in the front seat by about 10 dB and improves audio system listening experience while driving.
Fiber ringdown temperature sensors (2005)

A new method of developing fiber temperature sensors using a fiber Bragg grating-loop ringdown scheme is introduced. With this new technique, temperature measurements are converted to measuring time constants. Temperature sensing up to 593°C has been demonstrated using a proof-of-concept device. The sensor's stability, repeatability, sensitivity, and dynamic range are also explored.
Flexibility assessment of thermal barrier seals for extreme transient temperatures (1998)

The assembly joints of modem solid rocket motor cases are generally sealed using conventional O-ring type seals. The 5500+ F combustion gases produced by rocket motors are kept a safe distance away from the seals by thick layers of phenolic insulation. Special compounds are used to fill insulation gaps leading up to the seals to prevent a direct flowpath to them. Design criteria require that the seals should not experience torching or charring during operation, or their sealing ability would be compromised. On limited occasions, NASA has observed charring of the primary O-rings of the Space Shuttle solid rocket nozzle assembly joints due to parasitic leakage paths opening up in the gap-fill compounds during rocket operation. NASA is investigating different approaches for preventing torching or charring of the primary O-rings. One approach is to implement a braided rope seal upstream of the primary O-ring to serve as a thermal barrier that prevents the hot gases from impinging on the O-ring seals. This paper presents flow, resiliency, and thermal resistance for several types of NASA rope seals braided out of carbon fibers. Burn tests were performed to determine the time to burn through each of the seals when exposed to the flame of an oxyacetylene torch (5500 F), representative of the 5500 F solid rocket motor combustion temperatures. Rope seals braided out of carbon fibers endured the flame for over six minutes, three times longer than solid rocket motor burn time. Room and high temperature flow tests are presented for the carbon seals for different amounts of linear compression. Room temperature compression tests were performed to assess seal resiliency and unit preloads as a function of compression. The thermal barrier seal was tested in a subscale char motor test in which the seal sealed an intentional defect in the gap insulation. Temperature measurements indicated that the seal blocked 2500 F combustion gases on the upstream side with very little temperature rise on the downstream side.
Bioinspired Strategy for the Ribosomal Synthesis of Thioether-Bridged Macrocyclic Peptides in Bacteria (2014)

Inspired by the biosynthetic logic of lanthipeptide natural products, a new methodology was developed to direct the ribosomal synthesis of macrocyclic peptides constrained by an intramolecular thioether bond. As a first step, a robust and versatile strategy was implemented to enable the cyclization of ribosomally derived peptide sequences via a chemoselective reaction between a genetically encoded cysteine and a cysteine-reactive unnatural amino acid (O-(2-bromoethyl)-tyrosine). Combination of this approach with intein-catalyzed protein splicing furnished an efficient route to achieve the spontaneous, post-translational formation of structurally diverse macrocyclic peptides in bacterial cells. The present peptide cyclization strategy was also found to be amenable to integration with split intein-mediated circular ligation, resulting in the intracellular synthesis of conformationally constrained peptides featuring a bicyclic architecture.
Model-based resource provisioning in a web service utility (2003)

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Two section quantum dot devices for tuning and modulation (2008)

Two section lasers enable some novel properties of quantum dots to be realised. Engineering these quantum dots results in two very different behaviours with associated application areas, shown here are optical coherence tomography and datacomms.
State Projection via AI Planning (2017)

Imagining the future helps anticipate and prepare for what is coming. This has great importance to many, if not all, human endeavors. In this paper, we develop the Planning Projector system prototype, which applies plan-recognition-as-planning technique to both explain the observations derived from analyzing relevant news and social media, and project a range of possible future state trajectories for human review. Unlike the plan recognition problem, where a set of goals, and often a plan library must be given as part of the input, the Planning Projector system takes as input the domain knowledge, a sequence of observations derived from the news, a time horizon, and the number of trajectories to produce. It then computes the set of trajectories by applying a planner capable of finding a set of high-quality plans on a transformed planning problem. The Planning Projector prototype integrates several components including: (1) knowledge engineering: the process of encoding the domain knowledge from domain experts; (2) data transformation: the problem of analyzing and transforming the raw data into a sequence of observations; (3) trajectory computation: characterizing the future state projection problem and computing a set of trajectories; (4) user interface: clustering and visualizing the trajectories. We evaluate our approach qualitatively and conclude that the Planning Projector helps users understand future possibilities so that they can make more informed decisions.
Polarization-switching noise reduction of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers by polarization control (1996)

Summary form only given. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) should play an important role in future optical data links. However, because polarization direction in conventional VCSELs is not determined, noise enhancement due to polarization switching by feedback light from optical fiber or other components becomes a serious problem. This paper presents for the first time, to our knowledge, that a transverse-mode polarization-controlled InGaAs QW VCSEL, is effective for lowering feedback light-induced polarization switching noise.
Polyomino Shaped Subarrays for Limited Field of View and Time Delay Control of Planar Arrays (2006)

Phased array elements are often grouped into contiguous rectangular subarrays to reduce cost. This is done for two types of array applications. The first is for arrays that scan over only a limited sector, called limited field of view (LFOV) arrays. These use one phase shifter for each group of elements (subarray), and no phase shifters within the subarray. The second application is for arrays that scan over wide angles and wide frequency bands using time delay at the input to each subarray, and phase shift at every element. Unfortunately, contiguous rectangular subarrays used in these applications have substantial quantization lobes that limit their use to systems without strict sidelobe control. Figure 1 illustrates the use of contiguous rectangular subarrays for the LFOV and time delay applications. In these examples, a microstrip patch array is divided into subarrays that are four elements wide in the x direction, and two elements wide in the y direction. In Figure 1A, the limited field of view example, there are no phase shifters at the elements, and one phase shifter at each of the subarray input ports. This means that the subarray acts like a large element. The configuration shown achieves an 8:1 savings of phase shifters, but suffers reduced gain when the array is scanned. However, since the intention is to scan the array only through a restricted sector, then the reduced pattern gain can be tolerable.
Abstract 15783: Lineage Reprogramming of Mouse Fibroblasts to Proliferative and Multipotent Induced Cardiac Progenitor Cells by Defined Factors (2014)

Several studies have reported reprogramming of fibroblasts to induced cardiomyocytes (CMs). However, reprogramming to cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), which may be more favorable for cell therapy because of their proliferative properties and multipotency, remains to be accomplished. We cloned a library of 22 genes, including cardiac-related transcription factors and chromatin remodeling agents, into a doxycycline inducible lentivirus vector. Fibroblasts used for reprogramming were derived from an Nkx 2.5-EYFP cardiac progenitor reporter mouse model, which when uninfected yielded no EYFP+ cells. However, adult cardiac fibroblasts infected with all 22 factors yielded some EYFP expressing cells only after doxycycline treatment. The factor pool was subsequently reduced to 11, and eventually to 5 factors. After infection with cardiac factors, EYFP+ cells were first observed 4-6 days after doxycycline treatment. By day 20, EYFP+ cells developed into highly proliferative EYFP+ colonies of cells that, upon passaging, exhibited a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio. Transcriptome analysis and immunocytochemistry of EYFP+ cells revealed up-regulation of CPC markers including Mesp1, Mef2c, Irx4, Gata6, Tbx5, Tbx 20 accompanied by downregulation of fibroblast-specific genes such as Fsp1 and Thy1. Based on lineage specific marker expression, the EYFP+ cells could be differentiated into various cardiac lineages, including cardiomyocytes (α-MHC), smooth muscle (SM-MHC) and endothelium (CD31). Even after doxycycline withdrawal cells remained EYFP+, expressed CPC markers, and retained multipotency for over 30 passages, all indicative of stable reprogramming to an induced CPC (iCPC) state. iCPCs co-cultured with mESC-derived CMs formed intercellular gap junctions and showed synchronous beating accompanied by spontaneous calcium transients. When injected into the cardiac crescent of E8.5 mouse embryos, iCPCs migrated to the developing heart tube and differentiated into MLC2v and cardiac actin expressing CMs. Similar iCPC reprogramming was achieved using adult lung- and tail tip-derived fibroblasts. These results demonstrate the ability of inducible defined factors to reprogram mouse fibroblasts into proliferative and multipotent iCPCs.
SEX ATTRACT ANTS FOR MALES OF 12 MOTH SPECIES FOUND IN WESTERN CANADA (1977)

Abstract Attractants were found for males of 12 moth species: Acronicta grisea Walker, Andropolia contacta Walker, Argyrotaenia dorsalana Dyar, Chrysaspidia putnami (Grote), Chrysaspidia venusta Walker, Eurythmia hospitella Zeller, Exartema appendiceum Zeller, Mutuuraia mysippusalis (Walker), Decodes horarianus Walsingham, Polia atlantica Grote, Sitochroa chortalis Grote, and Pandemis canadana Kearfott. For five of these species single pure compounds were useful attractants, while the remaining seven required binary mixtures whose components when tested singly showed little or no attractancy.
Durability and Activity Study of Single-Walled, Double-Walled and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Supported Pt Catalyst for PEMFCs (2007)

Pt nanoparticles (2-3 nm) supported on carbon black (C), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) are prepared by an ethylene glycol reduction method. The catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the durability of the catalysts are evaluated under condition simulating the environment of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFCs). The Pt electrochemical surface area (ECSA) of Pt/DWNT and Pt/MWNT degrade 32% after accelerated durability test (ADT), compared with 38% for Pt/SWNT and 48% for Pt/C. The degradation rate of Pt/C is about 1.5 times higher than that of Pt/DWNT. The typical ORR polarization curves of Pt/C, Pt/SWNT, Pt/DWNT and Pt/MWNT obtained before and after ADT are also examined. Before ADT, Pt/DWNT shows the highest catalytic activity towards ORR, followed by Pt/MWNT, Pt/C, and Pt/SWNT in that order. After ADT, the sequence of ORR activity of Pt/C and Pt/SWNT has changed and the overall order is: Pt/DWNT > Pt/MWNT > Pt/SWNT > Pt/C. The Pt/DWNT catalyst shows the highest catalytic activity and the best durability for ORR among the C and CNT supported Pt catalysts.
The Three-Phase Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter System—A Novel Approach to Prevent Electrocution (2010)

There are many electrocutions that occur on three-phase 480- and 600-V systems, particularly 277- or 347-V lighting branch circuits. Ground-fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) have saved many lives on 120- and 120-240-V single-phase systems since being introduced to the National Electrical Code (NEC) in 1971. Application of GFCIs at voltages higher than 120 V has not progressed because the higher voltages-to-ground result in higher capacitive charging current of branch and feeder circuits, which in turn leads to “nuisance trips.” This paper first describes the mechanism of electrical shock, let-go threshold current, and heart ventricular fibrillation. It then describes the three-phase GFCI System (GFCIS-3Ph) that overcomes nuisance tripping by a novel approach to sensing and tripping logic. The system is most applicable for lighting branch circuits due to the historical risk of these circuits, but the GFCIS-3Ph is also appropriate to be considered as an option for all three-phase branch or feeder circuits. Application of the GFCIS-3Ph technology has the potential to almost eliminate electrocution for persons who make direct contact between an energized phase conductor and ground on three-phase systems rated below 1000 V phase-to-phase.