gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Absorption and Metabolism of Oral Progesterone (1981)

WHITEHEAD, M. I.; TOWNSEND, P. T.; GILL, D. K.; COLLINS, W. P.; CAMPBELL, S. Author Information
Molecular Cloning and Sequencing of a Gene Encoding Biologically Active Porcine α-Interferon (1986)

Nine distinct genomic clones containing human alpha 1-interferon (IFN-alpha 1) related sequences were isolated from a porcine genomic library constructed in phage lambda. Restriction mapping and Southern blot analysis revealed that these clones contained a total of 10 potential porcine IFN-alpha genes or pseudogenes belonging to a multigene family of at least 12 members. One of these genes was subcloned in plasmid pUC8 and the recombinant plasmid obtained was shown to direct the synthesis of a low but detectable IFN-alpha activity in Escherichia coli JM103. The sequence of this porcine IFN-alpha gene (Po IFN-alpha 1) was determined. As expected, it contained no introns and encoded a 189-amino-acid-long preprotein with a putative signal peptide of 23 residues. The homology to human (Hu)IFN-alpha 1 was 78.5% at the nucleotide level and 64% at the amino acid level.
Pregnancy Sickness (1990)

The majority of women suffer from nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy, but the mechanisms and reasons for this are unknown. Based on our current understanding of the emetic response and physiological changes of early pregnancy, hypotheses are put forward to explain this apparently inappropriate response to conception.
SAHA ameliorates the SMA phenotype in two mouse models for spinal muscular atrophy (2010)

Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a common autosomal recessively inherited neuromuscular disorder determined by functional impairment of alpha-motor neurons within the spinal cord. SMA is caused by functional loss of the survival motor neuron gene 1 (SMN1), whereas disease severity is mainly influenced by the number of SMN2 copies. SMN2, which produces only low levels of full-length mRNA/protein, can be modulated by small molecules and drugs, thus offering a unique possibility for SMA therapy. Here, we analysed suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a FDA-approved histone deacetylase inhibitor, as potential drug in two severe SMA mouse models each carrying two SMN2 transgenes: US-SMA mice with one SMN2 per allele (Smn(-/-);SMN2(tg/tg)) and Taiwanese-SMA mice with two SMN2 per allele (Smn(-/-);SMN2(tg/wt)), both on pure FVB/N background. The US-SMA mice were embryonically lethal with heterozygous males showing significantly reduced fertility. SAHA treatment of pregnant mothers rescued the embryonic lethality giving rise to SMA offspring. By using a novel breeding strategy for the Taiwanese model (Smn(-/-);SMN2(tg/tg) x Smn(-/+) mice), we obtained 50% SMA offspring that survive approximately 10 days and 50% control carriers in each litter. Treatment with 25 mg/kg twice daily SAHA increased lifespan of SMA mice by 30%, significantly improved motor function abilities, reduced degeneration of motor neurons within the spinal cord and increased the size of neuromuscular junctions and muscle fibers compared with vehicle-treated SMA mice. SMN RNA and protein levels were significantly elevated in various tissues including spinal cord and muscle. Hence, SAHA, which lessens the progression of SMA, might be suitable for SMA therapy.
A Low-Power Post-LPDDR4 Interface Using AC Termination at RX and an Active Inductor at TX (2017)

A power reduction scheme that uses ac termination at receiver (RX) and a transmitter (TX) output driver with an active inductor part (AIP) is proposed for a point-to-point postlow-power mobile DRAM4 interface at 8 Gb/s. AC termination at the RX I/O can reduce the power consumption by preventing dc power loss. However, this causes inter symbol interference (ISI), owing to the difference in gain depending on the frequency. Thus, ac termination generates more jitter, which results in a smaller eye-opening than the conventional on-die termination. The AIP in the TX output driver reduces the low-frequency gain and the ISI caused by the ac termination. This reduces the jitter and improves the eye-opening. The proposed AIP allows changing the frequency range by adjusting the resistance (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AI</sub> ), capacitance (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AI</sub> ), and the size of the MOSFET according to the resistance (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ac</sub> ) and capacitance (C <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">ac</sub> ) used in the ac termination at the RX. In this brief, the ac termination at the RX and the AIP in the TX were implemented in a 28-nm CMOS process and operated at 8 Gb/s with a 3-inch FR4 microstrip line including a board and a socket model. The proposed transceiver chip achieves a peak-to-peak jitterof 43.6 ps and power reduction of 31% compared with chips without ac termination and AIP.
Scanning tunneling microscopic imaging of cadmium sulfide Q particles prepared in acetonitrile solution (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTScanning tunneling microscopic imaging of cadmium sulfide Q particles prepared in acetonitrile solutionJyh Myng Zen, Fu Ren F. Fan, Guancheng Chen, and Allen J. BardCite this: Langmuir 1989, 5, 6, 1355–1358Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1989https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/la00090a016https://doi.org/10.1021/la00090a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views68Altmetric-Citations9LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Selective Laser Sintering of PA2200: Effects of print parameters on density, accuracy, and surface roughness (2017)

Additive manufacturing needs a broader selection of materials for part production. In order for the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) to investigate new materials for selective laser sintering (SLS), this paper reviews research on the effect of print parameters on part density, accuracy, and surface roughness of polyamide 12 (PA12, PA2200). The literature review serves to enhance the understanding of how changing the laser powder, scan speed, etc. will affect the mechanical properties of a commercial powder. By doing so, this understanding will help the investigation of new materials for SLS.
A model for reasoning about persistence and causation (1989)

Reasoning about change requires predicting how long a proposition, having become true, will continue to be so. Lacking perfect knowledge, an agent may be constrained to believe that a proposition persists indefinitely simply because there is no way for the agent to infer a contravening proposition with certainty. In this paper, we describe a model of causal reasoning that accounts for knowledge concerning cause‐and‐effect relationships and knowledge concerning the tendency for propositions to persist or not as a function of time passing. Our model has a natural encoding in the form of a network representation for probabilistic models. We consider the computational properties of our model by reviewing recent advances in computing the consequences of models encoded in this network representation. Finally, we discuss how our probabilistic model addresses certain classical problems in temporal reasoning (e. g., the frame and qualification problems).
Novel receiver circuit to achieve higher data rates in a linear passive star CAN (2013)

As the number of electronic control units (ECUs) in an automobile steadily increases, the demand for the achieving higher data rates, and ever more ECUs connected to the Controller Area Network (CAN) also rises significantly. However, the quantity of communication data and the number of connectable ECUs in CAN are restricted because of shortening in the bit decision timing and increasing waveform ringing. In this paper, we propose a receiver circuit which does not depend on waveform ringing. Then we show an effect on higher data rates up to 1 Mbps under the conventional network size, and the number of connected ECUs using a prototype circuit.
Scattering phase matrix comparison for randomly hexagonal cylinders and spheroids (1983)

Scattering phase matrices are calculated for randomly oriented hexagonal cylinders and equivalent spheroids. The scattering solution for spheroids utilizes a numerical integral equation technique called the T-matrix method, while that for hexagonal cylinders employs a geometric ray-tracing method. Computational results show that there is general agreement for the phase functions P11 for hexagonal cylinders and spheroids with the same overall dimensions or surface area, except for the 22 and 46° halo features and the backscattering maximum produced by the hexagonal geometry. Values of P12 which are associated with linear polarization when the incident light is unpolarized differ in the forward directions where hexagonal cylinders have two positive polarization maxima. Large differences are observed in the P33 and P44 elements.
EFFECT OF SPENT OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL ON THE GROWTH OF AMARANTHUSHYBRIDUS AND POPULATION OF EARTHWORM EUDRILUSEUGENIAE (2023)

The effect of spent lubricating oil (SLO) on the growth of Amaranthushybridus, a staple leafy vegetable; and on the population build-up of earthworm were investigated. The treatment consisted of 0, 10,
Nanoliter High-Throughput PCR for DNA and RNA Profiling (2009)

The increasing emphasis in life science research on utilization of genetic and genomic information underlies the need for high-throughput technologies capable of analyzing the expression of multiple genes or the presence of informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in large-scale, population-based applications. Human disease research, disease diagnosis, personalized therapeutics, environmental monitoring, blood testing, and identification of genetic traits impacting agricultural practices, both in terms of food quality and production efficiency, are a few areas where such systems are in demand. This has stimulated the need for PCR technologies that preserves the intrinsic analytical benefits of PCR yet enables higher throughputs without increasing the time to answer, labor and reagent expenses and workflow complexity. An example of such a system based on a high-density array of nanoliter PCR assays is described here. Functionally equivalent to a microtiter plate, the nanoplate system makes possible up to 3,072 simultaneous end-point or real-time PCR measurements in a device, the size of a standard microscope slide. Methods for SNP genotyping with end-point TaqMan PCR assays and quantitative measurement of gene expression with SYBR Green I real-time PCR are outlined and illustrative data showing system performance is provided.
Few-Shot Transfer Learning for Text Classification With Lightweight Word Embedding Based Models (2019)

Many deep learning architectures have been employed to model the semantic compositionality for text sequences, requiring a huge amount of supervised data for parameters training, making it unfeasible in situations where numerous annotated samples are not available or even do not exist. Different from data-hungry deep models, lightweight word embedding-based models could represent text sequences in a plug-and-play way due to their parameter-free property. In this paper, a modified hierarchical pooling strategy over pre-trained word embeddings is proposed for text classification in a few-shot transfer learning way. The model leverages and transfers knowledge obtained from some source domains to recognize and classify the unseen text sequences with just a handful of support examples in the target problem domain. The extensive experiments on five datasets including both English and Chinese text demonstrate that the simple word embedding-based models (SWEMs) with parameter-free pooling operations are able to abstract and represent the semantic text. The proposed modified hierarchical pooling method exhibits significant classification performance in the few-shot transfer learning tasks compared with other alternative methods.
How to securely replicate services (1994)

We present a method for constructing replicated services that retain their availability and integrity despite several servers and clients being corrupted by an intruder, in addition to others failing benignly. We also address the issue of maintaining a causal order among client requests. We illustrate a security breach resulting from an intruder's ability to effect a violation of causality in the sequence of requests processed by the service and propose an approach to counter this attack. An important and novel feature of our techniques is that the client need not be able to identify or authenticate even a single server. Instead, the client is required to possess only a single public key for the service. We demonstrate the performance of our techniques with a service we have implemented using one of our protocols.
Ionic Hydrogenation with Triethylsilane-Trifluoroacetic Acid-Ammonium Fluoride or Triethylsilane-Pyridinium Poly(hydrogen fluoride)<sup>1</sup> (1992)

Trifluoroacetic acid induced ionic hydrogenation of organic compounds (e.g., ketones, alcohols, alkenes) with triethylsilane as a reducing agent is improved by the addition of ammonium fluoride, making separation of the products easier due to the formation of volatile fluorotriethylsilane. Similarly triethylsilane-pyridinium poly(hydrogen fluoride) is found to be a highly efficient novel ionic hydrogenation system.
Selective MT <sub>2</sub> melatonin receptor antagonists block melatonin‐mediated phase advances of circadian rhythms (1998)

This study demonstrates the involvement of the MT2 (Mel1b) melatonin receptor in mediating phase advances of circadian activity rhythms by melatonin. In situ hybridization histochemistry with digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotide probes revealed for the first time the expression of mt1 and MT2 melatonin receptor mRNA within the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the C3H/HeN mouse. Melatonin (0.9 to 30 microg/mouse, s.c.) administration during 3 days at the end of the subjective day (CT 10) to C3H/HeN mice kept in constant dark phase advanced circadian rhythms of wheel running activity in a dose-dependent manner [EC50=0.72 microg/mouse; 0.98+/-0.08 h (n=15) maximal advance at 9 microg/mouse]. Neither the selective MT2 melatonin receptor antagonists 4P-ADOT and 4P-PDOT (90 microg/mouse, s.c.) nor luzindole (300 microg/mouse, s.c.), which shows 25-fold higher affinity for the MT2 than the mt1 subtype, affected the phase of circadian activity rhythms when given alone at CT 10. All three antagonists, however, shifted to the right the dose-response curve to melatonin, as they significantly reduced the phase shifting effects of 0.9 and 3 microg melatonin. This is the first study to demonstrate that melatonin phase advances circadian rhythms by activation of a membrane-bound melatonin receptor and strongly suggests that this effect is mediated through the MT2 melatonin receptor subtype within the circadian timing system. We conclude that the MT2 melatonin receptor subtype is a novel therapeutic target for the development of subtype-selective analogs for the treatment of circadian sleep and mood-related disorders.
Finite Element Modeling of a Thawing Pavement Structure (2005)

A material model for soft soil was developed to simulate the deformation behavior of a thawing soil under vehicle loading on paved and unpaved roads. Freeze–thaw action produces a loose, wet soil that deforms significantly under vehicle loads. The materialmodel represents a frost–susceptible fine sand, which was used in full-scale tests of paved and unpaved road sections in CRREL’s Frost Effects Research Facility (FERF). The material model was fine-tuned using triaxial test data and validated against direct shear test data. The material model was then used in a dynamic, three-dimensional finite element simulation of a paved road structure subjected to vehicle traffic by loading from a rolling wheel. This was used to understand the effects of thaw on the degradation of paved roads. These initial findings show that the pavement layer experiences maximum stress when the base layer is thawing. This supports observations that the majority of the rutting of a pavement system occurs during the thaw cycle.
Aberrant expression profile of mRNA in dilated cardiomyopathy by RNA-sequence (2018)

Objectives
This study aimed to identify aberrantly expressed mRNA expression profiles of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and explore their potential functions.


Methods
RNA-seq technology was used to construct the mRNA expression library of 6 DCM blood samples and 9 healthy control blood samples, then the mRNA FPKM as mRNA expression was obtained. The aberrant expression profile was obtained by calculating the fold change of the two groups. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were applied to investigate the gene function. Six (up 3, down 3) differentially expressed mRNAs were randomly selected to validate the RNA-seq findings in other 10 DCM patients and 10 healthy control by Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).


Results
We identified 1 418 significantly differentially expressed mRNAs (up 800, down 618) in case group compared to control group. The GO analysis showed that the different transcript between DCM and paired healthy control were mainly associated with energy metabolism, muscle tissue development and cell ion homeostasis imbalance. The pathway analysis suggested that the aberrantly expressed mRNAs significant enrichment in Wnt signaling pathways. qRT-PCR validation results for differentially expressed mRNAs in ampliative samples showed significant difference between two groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01).


Conclusion
Our study created an aberrant expression profiles of mRNA in DCM, and then analysis the biological functions of DCM. Our study may offer new insights into pathogenesis and pharmacological target of this disease.


Key words: 
Cardiomyopathy, dilated; Gene expression
Human BMP‐7/OP‐1 induces the growth and differentiation of adipocytes and osteoblasts in bone marrow stromal cell cultures* (2001)

We studied the effects of BMP-7/OP-1 on growth and differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. BMS2, a mouse bone marrow stromal cell line capable of differentiating into adipocytes and osteoblasts, were treated in a serum-free medium containing differentiation agents that favor the expression of both lineages. BMP-7/OP-1 stimulated cell proliferation and differentiation concomitantly. These effects were dose- and growth phase-dependent. Cells were more sensitive to the treatment early in the culture (30-40% confluence) with a significant increase in cell proliferation and markers of differentiation at low concentrations. When treated later in the growth phase (90-100% confluence), no significant increase in cell proliferation was seen. The concentration requirement for cells later in the culture to reach an equivalent degree of differentiation was 3-10- fold higher than for cells treated early. In both cases, the effects on adipocyte differentiation were biphasic; low concentrations stimulated adipocyte differentiation which was inhibited at higher concentrations where stimulation of osteoblast markers were observed. We conclude that cell proliferation and cell differentiation into adipocyte/osteoblast can occur simultaneously under BMP-7/OP-1 treatment.
Orientation Control of (K,Na)NbO<sub>3</sub> Ceramics Using NaNbO<sub>3</sub> Particles Prepared by Single-Step Molten Salt Synthesis (2013)

An effective orientation control of (K,Na)NbO 3 (KNN) ceramics using plate-like NaNbO 3 (NN) particles prepared by single-step molten salt synthesis was accomplished. The factors inhibiting the grain orientation in KNN ceramics were identified. The mixture ratio of Bi 2 O 3 in the starting materials used to synthesize the plate-like NN particles was optimized for the orientation control. In addition, by improving the sintering process, the textured ceramics with an orientation factor of 97% and a relative density of 96% were fabricated.
Organic quantum well light emitting diodes (2005)

This work reports on simulation and experimental investigation into the charge transport and electroluminescence in a quantum well (QW) organic light emitting diode (OLED) consisting of a N,N'-di(naphthalene-1-yl)-N,N'-diphenylbenzidine (NPB) as a hole transport layer, tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq<sub>3</sub>) as a potential barrier and electron transporting layer, and rubrene as potential well layer. Indium tin oxide was used as an anode, while LiF/Al was employed as a cathode. The carrier transport was simulated using one-dimensional time-independent drift-diffusion model. The influence of the well width, barrier width, and the number of QWs on the carrier distribution, recombination rate, and device performance was investigated. Finally, the device structures which yielded most promising simulation results were fabricated and characterized. The comparison between the experimental and theoretical results is discussed.
Next steps for security assertion markup language (saml) (2007)

The Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) has established itself as one of the most advanced and popular standards in the Identity Federation and Assertion management space. SAML 2.0 has proved to be an almost complete specification, without requiring any frequent updates to handle various existing Federation scenarios. This paper attempts to analyze and propose incremental enhancements to the SAML core specification, without breaking any of the existing functionality. The goal is to identify such generic extensions, which in turn can enable various other functional usages, inline with SAML.s design goals of Federation Enablement and Asserted Information exchange. The utility of the proposed extensions is proved, by showing how they enable various higher level concepts in SAML, which in turn can enable a richer suite of Federation and Assertion-based interactions. These extensions include Dependent Assertions, Action Assertions, Assertion Queries and Requests, with the final consolidation into a proposed extended SAML framework. This extended SAML framework is used to build a prototype implementation of a Mobile-Device based Web Services framework, for enabling Mobile-Messaging based Service invocations, within a Federation of the Mobile Service Provider and multiple Mobile Application Providers.