gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
UDE-Based Robust Droop Control of Inverters in Parallel Operation (2017)

Conventional droop control methods cannot achieve accurate proportional reactive power sharing, due to the mismatch of components, system disturbances, etc. In this paper, an uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE)-based robust droop controller is proposed to address these problems. As a result, the model nonlinearity and uncertainty (e.g., power angle and uncertain output impedance) and system disturbances (e.g., variations of output impedance, load change, and fluctuating dc-link voltage) can be estimated and compensated. Experimental results from a single-phase system with two inverters are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. In order to further demonstrate the advantage and flexibility of the proposed UDE-based control strategy, simulation results from a three-phase system with two inverters are presented with comparison to a robust droop control strategy reported.
Dispersion effects in a highly birefringent fiber laser sensor with fiber Bragg grating reflectors (2002)

The effects of dispersion in the highly birefringent fiber Bragg grating reflectors of a polarimetric elliptical-core fiber laser sensor are experimentally and theoretically investigated. The laser sensor is designed to measure fluid pressure. It is experimentally and theoretically shown that the wavelength-dependent phase shifts in the gratings can be employed to remove the near degeneracy of the polarization mode beat frequencies of a given order, which substantially improves the resolution of the sensor. A resolution of a few parts in 10(6) of the free spectral range of the laser is demonstrated.
An analytical SMASH procedure (ASP) for sensitivity-encoded MRI (2000)

The simultaneous acquisition of spatial harmonics (SMASH) method of imaging with detector arrays can reduce the number of phase-encoding steps, and MRI scan time several-fold. The original approach utilized numerical gradient-descent fitting with the coil sensitivity profiles to create a set of composite spatial harmonics to replace the phase-encoding steps. Here, an analytical approach for generating the harmonics is presented. A transform is derived to project the harmonics onto a set of sensitivity profiles. A sequence of Fourier, Hilbert, and inverse Fourier transform is then applied to analytically eliminate spatially dependent phase errors from the different coils while fully preserving the spatial-encoding. By combining the transform and phase correction, the original numerical image reconstruction method can be replaced by an analytical SMASH procedure (ASP). The approach also allows simulation of SMASH imaging, revealing a criterion for the ratio of the detector sensitivity profile width to the detector spacing that produces optimal harmonic generation. When detector geometry is suboptimal, a group of quasi-harmonics arises, which can be corrected and restored to pure harmonics. The simulation also reveals high-order harmonic modulation effects, and a demodulation procedure is presented that enables application of ASP to a large numbers of detectors. The method is demonstrated on a phantom and humans using a standard 4-channel phased-array MRI system.
Studies on the Influence of Steady Microactuators on Shock-Wave/Boundary-Layer Interaction (2013)

An array of high-momentum microjets are used upstream of a compression corner to control the shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction on a 24 deg unswept compression ramp in a Mach 2 flow. Measurements include schlieren flow visualization and unsteady pressure measurements using fast-response pressure sensors of the interaction region. Results show that the array of microjets issuing in the supersonic crossflow create oblique shocks, which effectively reduce the incoming Mach number at the compression corner. This leads to a modified separation shock of significantly reduced strength. The location of the modified shock is moved upstream by as much as from its mean undisturbed location. The mean pressure distribution on the surface is altered with microjet control leading to a more gradual compression of the incoming flow relative to the separation shock without control. The wall-pressure fluctuations in the interaction region are reduced by approximately 50%, and the flow near the compression corner appears to be energized with control, based on the unsteady surface-pressure measurements. The pressure spectra show that microjet control results in a redistribution of energy on the wall and the ramp surfaces.
Targeting β2-Microglobulin for Induction of Tumor Apoptosis in Human Hematological Malignancies. (2005)

Abstract We discovered that monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to human β2-microglobulin (β2M) induce programmed death of myeloma and other hematological tumor cells. The mAbs exhibited potent in vitro tumoricidal activity on all 14 β2M/HLA-ABC-bearing myeloma, lymphoma, and leukemia cell lines and primary myeloma cells isolated from eight patients. Cell death occurred rapidly, without the need for exogenous immunological effector mechanisms. Although the expression of β2M on normal hematopoietic cells is a potential safety concern, the mAbs seem to be selective to tumor-transformed cells and did not induce apoptosis of normal cells, including T and B lymphocytes and CD34+ bone marrow stem cells. Furthermore, the mAbs were able to selectively kill myeloma cells without damaging normal stromal cells in their cocultures. After binding to cell surface, the mAbs mediated internalization and down-modulation of surface β2M and HLA-ABC molecules. The mAbs induced cell death via inhibiting PI3K/Akt and ERK, activating JNK, upregulating Bad and Bax protein expression, inducing phosphorylation of Bcl-2, and decreasing phosphorylation of Bad, all of which compromised mitochondrial integrity, leading to cytochrome c release into cytosol and activation of the caspase-9-dependent cascade. Inhibitors to pan-caspases or caspase-9, but not to caspase-8, or to JNK, and knockdown of surface β2M and HLA-ABC expression by β2M-specific siRNA, but not control siRNA, abrogated apoptosis of tumor cells induced by the mAbs. Furthermore, anti-β2M mAbs were also active and therapeutic in vivo; After administration subcutaneous or intraperitoneal, the mAbs substantially reduced tumor burdens and retarded tumor growth in SCID mice subcutaneously implanted with human myeloma cell lines ARP-1 or MM.1S. Therefore, such mAbs offer the potential for a novel therapeutic approach to hematological malignancies and possibly to other cancers that express surface β2M. This study also suggests that differential expression of β2M/MHC class I molecules by normal and cancer cells might be a crucial point in the sensitivity and selectivity of anti-β2M mAb-induced apoptosis.
A Tunable Add-Drop Filter Based on Active Microsphere Resonator (2013)

We have fabricated an Add-Drop filter using an Erbium-Ytterbium co-doped microsphere resonator side-coupled to two tapered fibers. By optically pumping this active resonator below its lasing threshold, we have demonstrated bandwidth reduction, drop-efficiency increase and crosstalk suppression.
Registration of Tx3361 Sorghum Germplasm (2010)

The sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] germplasm Tx3361 (Reg. No. GP‐661, PI 659454) was developed and released by the Texas Agrilife Research sorghum breeding program in January 2010. This germplasm is unique because it lacks a key factor that represses alien‐pollen growth on the stigma. The inability to repress alien pollen‐tube growth increases the frequency of interspecific and intergeneric fertilization in sorghum. This increase is influenced by both the specific species and particular cultivars being tested. The line was developed using pedigree‐breeding approaches in breeding nurseries in College Station and Weslaco, TX. Selection was based on agronomic adaptability and the presence of alien‐pollen‐tube growth (detected via fluorescence microscopy). This line provides sorghum improvement programs with a unique opportunity to create interspecific and intergeneric sorghum hybrids for use as introgression parents.
A dual-mode gyroscope architecture with in-run mode-matching capability and inherent bias cancellation (2015)

This paper introduces a novel dual-mode actuation and sensing scheme for readout and calibration of axisymmetric Coriolis resonant gyroscopes. The proposed scheme actuates both gyroscope modes simultaneously with the same in-phase excitation, senses both modes concurrently, and utilizes the sum and difference of the sense signals to demonstrate complete cancellation of the gyroscope bias terms, and provide automatic in-run mode-matching capability. Moreover, the architecture provides twofold enhancement of angular rate sensitivity and signal-to-noise performance, as compared to conventional single-mode excitation of the same gyroscope. We demonstrate, for the first time 45× reduction in temperature drift of bias of a 2.6 MHz 650 μm diameter substrate-decoupled BAW gyroscope and a bias stability of 5.4 °/hr, paving the way towards near-zero-drift gyroscopes.
Nitrogen Removal in Intermittently Aerated Biofilm Airlift Reactor (1998)

Denitrification was integrated in a nitrifying biofilm airlift suspension reactor by intermittent aeration. A total nitrogen-removal efficiency of 75% was reached at an aerobic ammonia load of 5 kgN ⋅ m−3 ⋅ d−1. Acetate was added to the reactor during the anoxic periods. The system was operated at sufficiently long anoxic hydraulic retention times to allow suspended growth of denitrifying heterotrophs. However, the heterotrophic biomass did not grow in suspension but grew as protuberances and layers on the nitrifying biofilms. Nitrification and denitrification occurred via nitrite as an intermediate, possibly because denitrifiers outcompeted the nitrite oxidizers. Because of the establishment of the “nitrite route,” a low average COD/N ratio of 2.6 kgCOD ⋅ kgN-1 was obtained. When denitrifying operation with acetate addition was started, initially almost all nitrogen removed was emitted as nitrous oxide. Subsequently, the nitrous oxide emission strongly decreased to almost zero in a period of 30 days, while the nitrogen-removal efficiency was maintained.
Modeling effects of infarction on cardiac function with dynamic finite element analysis (2005)

A computational model has been developed that combines a 3D finite element model (FEM) of the left ventricle (LV) with an electrical analog model of the circulatory system. The model is used to assess the effects of infarction on LV function. LV geometry is modeled as a truncated ellipsoid. The stress-strain relationship for each element is assumed to be linear but with a time-varying Young's modulus. For a given LV pressure (Plv) generated by the electrical analog model, LV volume (Vlv) is determined by a 3D model constructed from multiple 2D FEM slices. The left ventricular elastance (Elv), determined by Plv over Vlv, is used to drive the electrical analog model. Time-varying Young's modulus functions over a cardiac cycle are assigned to normal and infarct finite elements, defining the infarct zone for a certain size and location. The model provided good representations of the LV geometry for normal and infarct cases. The LV ejection fraction, pressure, and volume curves were consistent with typical clinical observations. The dynamic finite element model developed in this study is effective and computationally efficient. The model can be used to relate regional LV impairments to overall circulatory dynamics.
PLASMA TECHNOLOGIES: BROADENING THE OPPORTUNITY FOR WASTE PROCESSING (2012)

A pilot facility based on a shaft furnace with plasma heating for processing mixed radioactive waste under pyrolysis conditions is presented. A pilot industrial unit for plasma processing of radioactive waste with the 200−250 kg/h capacity was developed and manufactured. Electric energy expenditures for the processing are from 0.5 to 1.5 kW per kg of waste and depend on waste composition. The processing of radioactive waste without adding fluxing agents produced a slag compound with a high chemical resistance.
Contribution of the β-glucosidase BglC to the Onset of the Pathogenic Lifestyle of <i>Streptomyces scabies</i> (2017)

Abstract Common scab disease on root and tuber plants is caused by Streptomyces scabies and related species which use the cellulose synthase inhibitor thaxtomin A as main phytotoxin. Thaxtomin production is primarily triggered by the import of cello-oligosaccharides. Once inside the cell, the fate of the cello-oligosaccharides is dichotomized into i) fueling glycolysis with glucose for the saprophytic lifestyle through the action of β-glucosidase(s) (BG), and ii) eliciting the pathogenic lifestyle by inhibiting the CebR-mediated transcriptional repression of thaxtomin biosynthetic genes. Here we investigated the role of scab57721 encoding a putative BG (BglC) in the onset of the pathogenicity of S. scabies . Enzymatic assays showed that BglC was able to release glucose from cellobiose, cellotriose and all other cello-oligosaccharides tested. Its inactivation resulted in a phenotype opposite to what was expected as we monitored reduced production of thaxtomin when the mutant was cultivated on media containing cello-oligosaccharides as unique carbon source. This unexpected phenotype could be attributed to the highly increased activity of alternative intracellular BGs, probably as a compensation of bglC inactivation, which then prevented cellobiose and cellotriose accumulation to reduce the activity of CebR. In contrast, when the bglC null mutant was cultivated on media devoid of cello-oligosaccharides it instead constitutively produced thaxtomin. This observed hypervirulent phenotype does not fit with the proposed model of the cello-oligosaccharide-mediated induction of thaxtomin production and suggests that the role of BglC in the route to the pathogenic lifestyle of S. scabies is more complex than currently presented.
Chargrid: Towards Understanding 2D Documents (2018)

Anoop R Katti, Christian Reisswig, Cordula Guder, Sebastian Brarda, Steffen Bickel, Johannes Höhne, Jean Baptiste Faddoul. Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. 2018.
Align2Ground: Weakly Supervised Phrase Grounding Guided by Image-Caption Alignment (2019)

We address the problem of grounding free-form textual phrases by using weak supervision from image-caption pairs. We propose a novel end-to-end model that uses caption-to-image retrieval as a downstream task to guide the process of phrase localization. Our method, as a first step, infers the latent correspondences between regions-of-interest (RoIs) and phrases in the caption and creates a discriminative image representation using these matched RoIs. In the subsequent step, this learned representation is aligned with the caption. Our key contribution lies in building this "caption-conditioned" image encoding, which tightly couples both the tasks and allows the weak supervision to effectively guide visual grounding. We provide extensive empirical and qualitative analysis to investigate the different components of our proposed model and compare it with competitive baselines. For phrase localization, we report an improvement of 4.9% and 1.3% (absolute) over the prior state-of-the-art on the VisualGenome and Flickr30k Entities datasets. We also report results that are at par with the state-of-the-art on the downstream caption-to-image retrieval task on COCO and Flickr30k datasets.
An alternate synthesis of cyclic 1,3-dinitramines (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTAn alternate synthesis of cyclic 1,3-dinitraminesRodney L. Willer and Ronald L. AtkinsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 26, 5147–5150Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00200a026https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00200a026research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views296Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Characterization of Image-based Refocusing for Transcranial Therapies (2019)

Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has the potential to provide precision ultrasonic targeting of brain circuits in the treatment neurological disorders. However, this potential is severely limited by FUS beam distortions through the skull. We have previously demonstrated the feasibility of using dual-mode ultrasound array (DMUA) capabilities to perform refocusing based on target identification on DMUA imaging. Furthermore, we have demonstrated improved refocusing when the target echoes are sufficiently coherent, as measured using a focusing data matrix (FDM) evaluated from raw channel data. The objective of this study is to characterize this geometric refocusing-aberration correction method and extend its use. Specifically, refocusing off of coherent echoes in the vicinity of the intended target as identified on DMUA imaging. In vitro transskull experiments were performed with sample skulls placed in the path of DMUA focused beams. Beam distortions were characterized using 2D hydrophone scans in planes orthogonal to the FUS beam axis before and after refocusing. The results provide experimental verification of the improved focusing gain achieved when refocusing at the target or points in its vicinity. The improvement was in the range of 3 7 dB for a variety of target locations with respect to the skull-suture lines.
Cross-codec encoding optimizations for video transcoding (2020)

A video on demand (VOD) server generates multiple video output qualities (bit rates), resolutions and codecs to best video quality for all viewers’ internet connection. While each codec optimizes tools and does computation-quality tradeoff there isn't much work to exploit computation reduction across codecs. In this work, we propose some methods to achieve this. Specifically, we use VP9 mode decision to reduce the computational requirements of AV1 encoding.
Synthesis and some Physical Properties of Phenylpyrimidines (1977)

Abstract The four classes of 2,5-disubstituted cyano-alkylphenyl- and alkyl-cyanophenyl-pyrimidines have been prepared.
Analog diversity coding to provide transparent self-healing communication networks (1994)

pg 100 diversity coding, as introduced in Ayanoglu et al. (1990), is a method of protection against failures in a communication network or a storage system, which is based on introducing a digital error-correcting code across independent links. This technique makes efficient use of the extra network capacity needed for coding and has the additional advantages of being nearly instantaneous, not requiring a feedback channel, rerouting, or resynchronization. In high-speed (multi Gbps) networks, digital coding will be difficult to implement, and the purpose of the present paper is to demonstrate how diversity coding may be implemented in the analog domain using the discrete fourier transform (DFT). In particular, the authors show that the DFT is a continuous-amplitude maximum-distance separable code over the field of complex numbers when the transform kernel is a prime root of unity. This code can be used to generate self-healing or fault-tolerant communication networks for continuous- or discrete-amplitude signals, as long as continuous-amplitude parity channels are available. The authors describe electrical and optoelectronic implementations, and a signal estimation approach to combat channel noise and thereby improve the performance of the analog diversity coding system. The most important advantage of this technique is in greatly simplifying the encoders and decoders of diversity coding systems for high-speed networks, such as fiber-optic wavelength division multiplexed networks. Application of analog diversity coding to systems with analog sources, such as telemetry systems is also possible.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Pharmacology of MK-0591 (3-[1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-(<i>t</i>-butylthio)-5-(quinolin-2-yl-methoxy)-indol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethyl propanoic acid), a potent, orally active leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor (1992)

MK-0591 (3-[1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-3-(t-butylthio)-5-(quinolin-2-yl-methoxy)- indol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethyl propanoic acid, previously L-686,708) is a potent inhibitor of leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis in intact human and elicited rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) (IC50 values 3.1 and 6.1 nM, respectively) and in human, squirrel monkey, and rat whole blood (IC50 values 510, 69, and 9 nM, respectively). MK-0591 had no effect on rat 5-lipoxygenase. MK-0591 has a high affinity for 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) as evidenced by an IC50 value of 1.6 nM in a FLAP binding assay and inhibition of the photoaffinity labelling of FLAP by two different photoaffinity ligands. Inhibition of activation of 5-lipoxygenase was shown through inhibition of the translocation of the enzyme from the cytosol to the membrane in human PMNLs. MK-0591 was a potent inhibitor of LT biosynthesis in vivo, first, following ex vivo challenge of blood obtained from treated rats and squirrel monkeys, second, in a rat pleurisy model, and, third, as monitored by inhibition of the urinary excretion of LTE4 in antigen-challenged allergic sheep. Inhibition of antigen-induced bronchoconstriction by MK-0591 was observed in inbred rats pretreated with methysergide, Ascaris-challenged squirrel monkeys, and Ascaris-challenged sheep (early and late phase response). These results indicate that MK-0591 is a potent inhibitor of LT biosynthesis both in vitro and in vivo indicating that the compound will be suitable for assessing the role of leukotrienes in pathological situations.