gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Parallel Interdigitated Distributed Networks within the Individual Estimated by Intrinsic Functional Connectivity (2017)

Certain organizational features of brain networks present in the individual are lost when central tendencies are examined in the group. Here we investigated the detailed network organization of four individuals each scanned 24 times using MRI. We discovered that the distributed network known as the default network is comprised of two separate networks possessing adjacent regions in eight or more cortical zones. A distinction between the networks is that one is coupled to the hippocampal formation while the other is not. Further exploration revealed that these two networks were juxtaposed with additional networks that themselves fractionate group-defined networks. The collective networks display a repeating spatial progression in multiple cortical zones, suggesting that they are embedded within a broad macroscale gradient. Regions contributing to the newly defined networks are spatially variable across individuals and adjacent to distinct networks, raising issues for network estimation in group-averaged data and applied endeavors, including targeted neuromodulation.
Impedance biosensor based on interdigitated electrode arrays for detection of low levels of E.coli O157:H7 (2013)

We report an interdigitated electrode array (IDEA) impedance biosensor with rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. This biosensor has significantly better detection capability compared with the conventional microbiological testing method. The total detection time for this biosensor is under 3 hours. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is used in conjunction with impedance spectroscopy to improve the detection capability of the biosensor. The IDEA surface is functionalized using anti-E.coli antibody for selectivity of the bacteria. The dose response was in-between 3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> CFU/mL and 3 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> CFU/mL. This is 10 fold better than the detection limit previously reported using impedance based biosensors.
ChemInform Abstract: Characteristic Reduction of Ketones by Bu3SnH‐Bu4NX System. (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Altered Cd8+ T lymphocyte Response Triggered by Arginase 1: Implication for Fatigue Intensification during Localized Radiation Therapy in Prostate Cancer Patients (2018)

Fatigue, the most common side effect of cancer treatments, is observed to intensify during external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). The underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the differentially expressed genes/proteins and their association with fatigue intensification during EBRT. Fatigue scores measured by FACT-F and peripheral blood were collected prior to treatment (baseline D<sub>0</sub>), at midpoint (days 19-21, D21) and endpoint (days 38-42, D42) from men (n=30) with non-metastatic prostate cancer undergoing EBRT. RNA extracted from peripheral blood was used for gene expression analysis. Plasma arginase I and arginine were examined using ELISA and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Differences in fatigue scores, gene and protein expression between times points following EBRT were analyzed by one way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc t-test. Fatigue scores decreased significantly from baseline (44.6 ± 8.1) to midpoint (37.3 ± 10.6, <i>p=</i>0.000, low scores indicating high fatigue) and to endpoint (37.4 ± 10.1, p=0.001) during EBRT. <i>ARG1</i> (encoding arginase type 1) was significantly up regulated from baseline to midpoint of EBRT (fold change =2.41, <i>p</i><0.05) whereas genes associated with the adaptive immune functional pathway (<i>CD28, CD27, CCR7, CD3D, CD8A and HLA-DOB</i>) were significantly downregulated >2-fold between the study time points. The changes in gene expression were associated with patient reported fatigue intensity. Moreover, the upregulation of <i>ARG1</i> was negatively correlated with the absolute lymphocyte count (R<sup>2</sup>=0.561, <i>p</i>=0.01) only in the high level of fatigue group (n=17) during EBRT. Increased <i>ARG1</i> expression is known to result in arginine deficiency, which leads to immunosuppression by impairing lymphocyte proliferation and activation. EBRT-induced <i>ARG1</i> upregulation may play an essential role in fatigue intensification via the arginine deficiency and suppression of T-cell proliferation pathways. These findings may provide novel insights into the molecular-genetic mechanisms underlying the development and intensification of cancer treatment-related fatigue.
Immobilization of concanavalin A to glucose-containing polymers (2001)

Sol-gel reversible hydrogels sensitive to environmental glucose concentration were prepared using concanavalin A (Con A) and glucose-containing polymers. Since the components of the hydrogels in the sol state can be released to the environment through pores of the dialysis membrane, it was necessary to immobilize Con A to the glucose-containing polymers. Con A was immobilized by two different approaches. First, vinyl groups were introduced to Con A so that it can participate in the vinyl polymerization of allyl glucoside. Second, glucose-containing polymers containing chemically reactive pendant groups were synthesized so that Con A could be immobilized to the preformed polymers. Both approaches resulted in effective immobilization of Con A to the glucose-containing polymers, but the second method appeared to be better in terms of maintaining the bioactivity of Con A.
Editorial (2016)

Considerando la importancia del recurso agua, líquido preciado y esencial para todos los seres vivos, el profesor Miguel Germán Cifuentes Perdomo, Ingeniero Agrícola, ofreció desde el 2010 el Seminario Internacional Uso Racional del agua "USRA"; con el propósito de generar un espacio de discusión frente a las problemáticas presentes en el manejo del agua y desde la pluralidad encontrar soluciones. Ciertamente, dicho tema no es exclusivo del área de adecuación de tierras y aguas, sino que involucra a otras áreas de la Ingeniería como agroindustria, construcciones rurales, desarrollo rural, minería, infraestructura energética, entre otras. Es así, como 6 de los artículos de la presente edición corresponden a los trabajos presentados en la VII versión del evento en 2016; contando con la participación de investigadores provenientes de las Universidades de Sucre, Cauca, La Salle, Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Distrital Francisco José de Caldas y Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo. Además, fue posible recibir otros trabajos desarrollados por investigadores de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Pontificia Bolivariana y Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge. Desde la Revista Ingeniería y Región agradecemos al profesor Miguel Germán Cifuentes el trabajo desarrollado en vida y el legado que ha dejado al Programa de Ingeniería Agrícola de la Universidad Surcolombiana. Ciertamente, las buenas obras dejan sus frutos abundantes.
Fabrication of microprobe array with sub-100 nm nano-heater for nanometric thermal imaging and data storage (2002)

A novel fabrication method of a micro-thermal probe and its array for nanometric thermal imaging and a technological approach for probe-based data storage are presented. A small metal wire for a nano-heater is fabricated at the apex of a pyramidal SiO/sub 2/ tip, which is formed by low temperature oxidation of a silicon etch-pit at 950/spl deg/C, consecutive metal deposition (Pt/Cr or Au/Cr) to fill the metal into the etch-pit, and etching of the SiO/sub 2/ in buffered HF solution. Another metal (Ni) is deposited on the small wire to form a metal-to-metal junction that enables to measure the temperature at the tip end. Metal feed-through are formed on a glass substrate that is bonded with the probe array, which enables to transmit a high-speed signal to a processing-circuit and increase the probe array density. Using the thermal probe, temperature distribution on a sample surface is measured. The heating capability of nano-heater is confirmed by the resistivity change and thermophoton emission from the nano-heater when flowing a small current into the nano-heater. By using a micro-probe, preliminary experiment for data writing and erasing is performed on phase change medium.
Summary of recent flow testing of the Fenton Hill HDR reservoir (1994)

A sequence of reservoir flow tests has been conducted at the Fenton Hill Hot Dry Rock (HDR) test site as part of the Long-Term Flow Testing (LTFT) program. This testing, which extended over an aggregate period of about 8 months, has demonstrated several significant features concerning HDR reservoirs that taken together reflect very positively on the future development of the HDR concept into a viable commercial reality. Of most significance is the demonstrated self-regulating nature of the flow through such a reservoir. Both temperature and tracer data indicate that the flow, rather than concentrating in a few potential direct flow paths, progressively shifted towards more indirect flow paths as the test proceeded. This self-regulating mechanism may be related to the strongly temperature-dependent viscosity of water. Measurements have shown that the reservoir flow impedance is concentrated in the near-wellbore region surrounding the production well. This situation may well be a blessing in disguise since this suggests that the distance between injection and production wells can be significantly increased, with a greatly enhanced access to fractured hot rock, without an undue impedance penalty. However, since the multiply interconnected joints within the HDR reservoir are held open by fluid pressure, a higher mean reservoir pressure is the obvious path to increased productivity while still retaining the distributed nature of the flow. Other significant observations include a very small rate of reservoir water loss that was still declining at the end of the flow testing, and a set of temperature measurements in the production well that show no significant temperature drawdown during the period of testing.
Electrocatalytic reduction of protons to hydrogen by a water-compatible cobalt polypyridyl platform (2009)

A cobalt(ii) complex supported by the new tetradentate polypyridyl ligand PY4 is an electrocatalyst for the reduction of protons to hydrogen and can operate in 50% aqueous media.
dot.com – Top or Flop (2014)

It is January 1999, the internet is booming. Ronan Henderson a young college student from Chicago, is sitting in his parents' basement when he has a sparking idea. Why not create a company that provides everyday services through the world wide web. Maybe one that delivers newspapers, snacks and drinks to people everywhere in America within one hour. Ronan calls up a friend and they start programming a website together. But since a start-up company like this needs funding they present their business plan to a venture capital firm.
eNetXplorer: an R package for the quantitative exploration of elastic net families for generalized linear models (2019)

This package presents a framework and software for exploratory data analysis and visualization. By making regularized GLMs more accessible and interpretable, eNetXplorer guides the process to generate hypotheses based on features significantly associated with biological phenotypes of interest, e.g. to identify biomarkers for therapeutic responsiveness. eNetXplorer is also generally applicable to any research area that may benefit from predictive modeling and feature identification using regularized GLMs. The package is available under GPL-3 license at the CRAN repository, https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=eNetXplorer .
IMAGING THE RETINA BY EN FACE OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY (2006)

Current difficulties as well as future possibilities of this new en face OCT ophthalmoscope are discussed. By presenting normal and pathologic transversal OCT images made by a prototype OCT Ophthalmoscope, we show that it can provide information not available using conventional OCT imaging.
Multi-H phase-coded modulations with asymmetric modulation indexes (1989)

Multi-H phase-coded modulation (MHPM) is a bandwidth-efficient modulation scheme which offers substantial coding gain over conventional digital modulation schemes. MHPM with asymmetric modulation indices corresponding to the bipolar data +1 and -1 is considered, and numerical results for the minimum Euclidean distances are provided. It is shown that performance improvements on the error probability over conventional MHPM are gained with essentially the same bandwidth and a very slight modification in implementation. The upper bounds on the error probabilities as functions of observation intervals and received E/sub b//N/sub 0/ are also investigated in detail. It is concluded that the concept of asymmetric modulation indices for MHPM is attractive for bandwidth and power-efficient modulation.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Silver Containing Stainless Steel as a New Outlook to Abate Bacterial Adhesion and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (2003)

Biofouling and microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) are alarming processes of material deterioration. The scenario originates from the attachment of microorganisms as quickly as a material is immersed in a non-sterile environment. Stainless steels, in spite of their wide use in different industries and as appliances and implant materials, do not possess inherent antibacterial properties. To make stainless steel antibacterial and thus to mitigate MIC and bacterial infection was the purpose of this study. AISI type 304 stainless steels containing silver as an alloying element and silver coated are tested for the antibacterial efficacy as well as MIC resistance keeping plain stainless steel as control. Experimental coupons were exposed to a dilute nutrient medium containing Pseudomonas sp., isolated from a corrosive ground water environment. Coupons were exposed for varying duration (maximum 6 days), and bacterial adhesion was monitored by using epifluorescence microscope and quantified with the help of image processing software. In another experiment, free corrosion potential of these materials was monitored for 60 days. The area of bacterial adhesion was found to be significantly lesser in case of silver containing coupons compared to control. Silver alloyed coupons showed better antibacterial effect than the silver-coated coupons. Free corrosion potential showed ennoblement in the case of control coupons, while silver alloyed and silver coated coupons showed substantially lesser fluctuation. SEM observation showed pitting corrosion by 30 days in control coupons, whilst, pits were near nil on silver alloyed and very less on silver coated coupons. The results, thus suggest that silver containing stainless steels possess antibacterial properties and are resistant to MIC as compared to 304 SS. Furthermore, a field study, where the coupons were exposed to a freshwater pond showed that coupons containing silver possessed significant resistance to microfouling build-up until a period of 30 days, suggesting the possibility of using these materials in freshwater environments where microfouling is a persistent problem. As an attempt to investigate the actual damage the silver caused in the bacterium, cell walls and intracellular changes were observed under a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
Antineoplastic Dolastatins: Potent Inhibitors of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (1991)

Dolastatins 10 and 15, isolated from the shell-less marine mollusk Dolabella auricularia, are potent antineoplastic agents with unknown myelotoxic effects in vivo. The goal of this study was to determine whether the dolastatins inhibit the proliferation of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells. Assays to test inhibition of colony formation and of cell proliferation were performed in vitro with bone marrow cell preparations enriched for progenitor cells and with progenitor cell lines, respectively, using varying drug concentrations and exposure times. Dolastatins 10 and 15 both inhibited human and murine bone marrow cell colony formation in a concentration-dependent manner, with the concentration required for half maximal inhibition ranging from 0.1 to 1 pg/mL for dolastatin 10 and from 10 to 100 pg/mL for dolastatin 15. These concentrations are 25-fold to 100-fold lower than the concentration required for antineoplastic activity. Complete inhibition of human bone marrow cell colony formation was observed at concentrations of 10-100 pg/mL for dolastatin 10 and 1000-10,000 pg/mL for dolastatin 15. Committed progenitor cells and multipotential progenitor cells were similarly inhibited. The magnitude of inhibition of human hematopoietic cell colony formation was dependent on pre-exposure time to dolastatins 10 and 15, with a reversible effect up to 8 hours and with a 24-hour preincubation resulting in maximal (100%) and irreversible inhibition. Dolastatin 10 at a concentration of 10-100 pg/mL limited the proliferation of six human and four murine hematopoietic progenitor cell lines, as measured by tritiated thymidine incorporation, to between 34% and 83% of that occurring in the absence of the drug. These results indicate that the dolastatins are potent inhibitors of normal hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation.
On message integrity in cryptographic protocols (2003)

An operational model for message integrity in cryptographic protocols is presented, message integrity requirements are discussed, and message structures that satisfy those requirements are suggested. A message splicing/decomposition invariant of the cipher block chaining (CBC) mode of encryption is derived and used to identify heretofore-unknown vulnerabilities of well-known protocols. The suggested message structures remove these vulnerabilities relying only on the use of weak one-way functions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Cytosine methylation and mammalian development (1999)

Programmed methylation and demethylation of regulatory sequences has been proposed to play a central role in vertebrate development. We report here that the methylation status of the 5' regions of a panel of tissue-specific genes could not be correlated with expression in tissues of fetal and newborn mice. Genes reported to be regulated by reversible methylation were not expressed ectopically or precociously in Dnmt1-deficient mouse embryos under conditions where demethylation caused biallelic expression of imprinted genes and activated transcription of endogenous retroviruses of the IAP class. These and other data suggest that the numerous published expression-methylation correlations may have described not a cause but a consequence of transcriptional activation. A model is proposed under which cytosine methylation represents a biochemical specialization of large genomes that participates in specialized biological functions such as allele-specific gene expression and the heritable transcriptional silencing of parasitic sequence elements, whereas cellular differentiation is controlled by conserved regulatory networks that do not depend on covalent modification of the genome.
Measurement of Gas Leaks Through the Contacts Between Heat Resistant Alloy Disks and YSZ Plates (1993)

Gas seal technology for high temperature apparatus is essential to develop high performance planar SOFC stacks, and quantitative investigations of the gas leaks between electrolytes and separators are required. We designed an apparatus for measuring the gas leaks through the contact between heat resistant alloy disks and YSZ plates. By using the apparatus, gas leak rates of nitrogen and hydrogen gases through the contact between the materials were measured from room temperature to 1000°C. The gas leak rates were measured for various contact pressure and contact areas. As a result, it was found that when the temperature was raised from room temperature to 1000°C, gas leak rates of both nitrogen and hydrogen gases decreased considerably. The gas leak rate for hydrogen gas at 1000°C was about 1/3 of that at room temperature.
Highly Sensitive Ultraviolet Photodetectors Fabricated from ZnO Quantum Dots/Carbon Nanodots Hybrid Films (2014)

Ultraviolet photodetectors have been fabricated from ZnO quantum dots/carbon nanodots hybrid films, and the introduction of carbon nanodots improves the performance of the photodetectors greatly. The photodetectors can be used to detect very weak ultraviolet signals (as low as 12 nW/cm(2)). The detectivity and noise equivalent power of the photodetector can reach 3.1 × 10(17) cmHz(1/2)/W and 7.8 × 10(-20) W, respectively, both of which are the best values ever reported for ZnO-based photodetectors. The mechanism for the high sensitivity of the photodetectors has been attributed to the enhanced carrier-separation at the ZnO/C interface.
High-salt in addition to high-fat diet may enhance inflammation and fibrosis in liver steatosis induced by oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in mice (2015)

We demonstrated that high-salt diet exacerbated NASH in high-fat diet-fed LOX-1 transgenic /apoE knockout mice and that this effect was associated with the stimulation of oxidative and inflammatory processes; this is the first study to suggest the important role of excessive salt intake in the development of NASH.
Level Crossings Obstacle Detection System Using Stereo Cameras (2005)

A number of obstacle detection systems are now in operation at level crossings to prevent collisions between trains and large vehicles. However, these are not suitable for detecting people on two-wheeled vehicles or pedestrians, who are also frequently involved in accidents at level crossings. To address this problem, we have been developing a new obstacle detection system that utilizes stereo cameras and image processing technology. The stereo camera system is more effective than a single camera system because it measures the three-dimensional shape of obstacles on crossings. This paper describes the development of the new obstacle detection system and its field test results.
Biotechnological Production of Pharmaceuticals and Biopharmaceuticals in Plant Cell and Organ Cultures (2018)

In order to demonstrate the great potential of plant biofactories for multiple applications in the biotechnological production of pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals, this review broadly covers the following: plant biofactories based on cell and hairy root cultures; secondary metabolite production; biotransformation reactions; metabolic engineering tools applied in plant biofactories; and biopharmaceutical production.