gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Integrated microfluidic probe station (2010)

The microfluidic probe (MFP) consists of a flat, blunt tip with two apertures for the injection and reaspiration of a microjet into a solution--thus hydrodynamically confining the microjet--and is operated atop an inverted microscope that enables live imaging. By scanning across a surface, the microjet can be used for surface processing with the capability of both depositing and removing material; as it operates under immersed conditions, sensitive biological materials and living cells can be processed. During scanning, the MFP is kept immobile and centered over the objective of the inverted microscope, a few micrometers above a substrate that is displaced by moving the microscope stage and that is flushed continuously with the microjet. For consistent and reproducible surface processing, the gap between the MFP and the substrate, the MFP's alignment, the scanning speed, the injection and aspiration flow rates, and the image capture need all to be controlled and synchronized. Here, we present an automated MFP station that integrates all of these functionalities and automates the key operational parameters. A custom software program is used to control an independent motorized Z stage for adjusting the gap, a motorized microscope stage for scanning the substrate, up to 16 syringe pumps for injecting and aspirating fluids, and an inverted fluorescence microscope equipped with a charge-coupled device camera. The parallelism between the MFP and the substrate is adjusted using manual goniometer at the beginning of the experiment. The alignment of the injection and aspiration apertures along the scanning axis is performed using a newly designed MFP screw holder. We illustrate the integrated MFP station by the programmed, automated patterning of fluorescently labeled biotin on a streptavidin-coated surface.
Miniaturized Mass-Spectrometry-Based Analysis System for Fully Automated Examination of Conditioned Cell Culture Media (2012)

We present a fully automated setup for performing in-line mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of conditioned media in cell cultures, in particular focusing on the peptides therein. The goal is to assess peptides secreted by cells in different culture conditions. The developed system is compatible with MS as analytical technique, as this is one of the most powerful analysis methods for peptide detection and identification. Proof of concept was achieved using the well-known mating-factor signaling in baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our concept system holds 1 mL of cell culture medium and allows maintaining a yeast culture for, at least, 40 hours with continuous supernatant extraction (and medium replenishing). The device's small dimensions result in reduced costs for reagents and open perspectives towards full integration on-chip. Experimental data that can be obtained are time-resolved peptide profiles in a yeast culture, including information about the appearance of mating-factor-related peptides. We emphasize that the system operates without any manual intervention or pipetting steps, which allows for an improved overall sensitivity compared to non-automated alternatives. MS data confirmed previously reported aspects of the physiology of the yeast-mating process. Moreover, matingfactor breakdown products (as well as evidence for a potentially responsible protease) were found.
An intensity-based approach to x-ray mammography: MRI registration (2010)

This paper presents a novel approach to X-ray mammography - MRI registration. The proposed method uses an intensity-based technique and an affine transformation matrix to approximate the 3D deformation of the breast resulting from the compression applied during mammogram acquisition. The registration is driven by a similarity measure that is calculated at each iteration of the algorithm between the target X-ray mammogram and a simulated X-ray image, created from the MR volume. Although the similarity measure is calculated in 2D, we compute a 3D transformation that is updated at each iteration. We have performed two types of experiments. In the first set, we used simulated X-ray target data, for which the ground truth deformation of the volume was known and thus the results could be validated. For this case, we examined the performance of 4 different similarity measures and we show that Normalized Cross Correlation and Gradient Difference perform best. The calculated mean reprojection error was for both similarity measures 4mm, for an initial misregistration of 14mm. In the second set of experiments, we present the initial results of registering real X-ray mammograms with MR volumes. The results indicate that the breast boundaries were registered well and the volume was deformed in 3D in a similar way to the deformation of the breast during X-ray mammogram acquisition. The experiments were carried out on five patients.
Shinella daejeonensis sp. nov., a nitrate-reducing bacterium isolated from sludge of a leachate treatment plant (2010)

A Gram-negative-staining, motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterial strain, designated MJ02(T), was isolated from sludge of a leachate treatment plant in Daejeon (South Korea) and was characterized to determine its taxonomic position by using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain MJ02(T) belonged to the family Rhizobiaceae, class Alphaproteobacteria, and was most closely related to Shinella yambaruensis MS4(T) (97.6 % sequence similarity) and Shinella fusca DC-196(T) (97.5 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain MJ02(T) was 64.3 mol%. The detection of a quinone system with ubiquinone Q-10 as the predominant respiratory lipoquinone and a fatty acid profile with C₁₈:₁ω7c (45.8 %) and C₁₆:₀ (21.8 %) as the major components supported the affiliation of strain MJ02(T) to the genus Shinella. However, strain MJ02(T) exhibited relatively low levels of DNA-DNA relatedness with respect to S. fusca DSM 21319(T) (17±7 %) and S. yambaruensis KACC 14483(T) (12±6 %), showing clearly that the isolate constituted a new genospecies. Strain MJ02(T) could be clearly differentiated from its phylogenetic neighbours on the basis of several phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. Therefore, strain MJ02(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Shinella, for which the name Shinella daejeonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MJ02(T) ( = KCTC 22450(T) = JCM 16236(T)).
Fecal dimeric M2-pyruvate kinase (tumor M2-PK) in the differential diagnosis of functional and organic bowel disorders (2009)

Tumor M2-PK is able to differentiate organic from functional bowel disease but has a lower sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value than calprotectin. Further studies are required, alone or in combination with other markers, before its usefulness in this setting can be recommended.
Intratumoral IL-12 delivery empowers CAR-T cell immunotherapy in a pre-clinical model of glioblastoma (2021)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive form of primary brain cancer, for which effective therapies are urgently needed. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based immunotherapy represents a promising therapeutic approach, but it is often impeded by highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME). Here, in an immunocompetent, orthotopic GBM mouse model, we show that CAR-T cells targeting tumor-specific epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) alone fail to control fully established tumors but, when combined with a single, locally delivered dose of IL-12, achieve durable anti-tumor responses. IL-12 not only boosts cytotoxicity of CAR-T cells, but also reshapes the TME, driving increased infiltration of proinflammatory CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, decreased numbers of regulatory T cells (Treg), and activation of the myeloid compartment. Importantly, the immunotherapy-enabling benefits of IL-12 are achieved with minimal systemic effects. Our findings thus show that local delivery of IL-12 may be an effective adjuvant for CAR-T cell therapy for GBM.
Bontemps, Arna Wendell (2020)

Afroamerikanischer Autor von Kurzgeschichten, Kinderbüchern und historischen Romanen; Chronist afroamerikanischer Literatur; 1931 erster Roman; 1943–1966 Bibliotheksdirektor an der Fisk University; mit James Mercer Langston Hughes Herausgeber von Anthologien; seine vielfältigen Aktivitäten dokumentierten und beeinflussten die Entwicklung einer eigenständigen afroamerikanischen kulturellen Identität.
Sequential point trees (2003)

In this paper we present sequential point trees, a data structure that allows adaptive rendering of point clouds completely on the graphics processor. Sequential point trees are based on a hierarchical point representation, but the hierarchical rendering traversal is replaced by sequential processing on the graphics processor, while the CPU is available for other tasks. Smooth transition to triangle rendering for optimized performance is integrated. We describe optimizations for backface culling and texture adaptive point selection. Finally, we discuss implementation issues and show results.
Paula Quiroga, Fraseología italo-española. Aspectos de lingüística aplicada y contrastiva, Granada, Granada Lingüística, 2006, 241 pp. (2009)

After the 18.5 day Cosmos-1129 flight the activity of 7 glucocorticoid-stimulated enzymes of the rat liver was measured. Immediately postflight the activity of tyrosine aminotransferase, tryptophan pyrolase and serine dehydrogenase increased. These enzymes rapidly (within several hours) react to increased glucocorticoids. The activity of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases also increased. These enzymes require many days of a continuous effect of glucocorticoids. The glycogen concentration in the rat liver also grew. At R + 6 the activity of tryptophan pyrolase and serine dehydrogenase decreased and that of the other enzymes returned to normal. The immobilization stress applied postflight led to an increased activity of tyrosine aminotransferase and tryptophan pyrolase. This study gives evidence that after space flight rats are in an acute stress state, evidently, produced by the biosatellite recovery.
A Deep Transfer Model With Wasserstein Distance Guided Multi-Adversarial Networks for Bearing Fault Diagnosis Under Different Working Conditions (2019)

In recent years, intelligent fault diagnosis technology with the deep learning algorithm has been widely used in the manufacturing industry for substituting time-consuming human analysis method to enhance the efficiency of fault diagnosis. The rolling bearing as the connection between the rotor and support is the crucial component in rotating equipment. However, the working condition of the rolling bearing is under changing with complex operation demand, which will significantly degrade the performance of the intelligent fault diagnosis method. In this paper, a new deep transfer model based on Wasserstein distance guided multi-adversarial networks (WDMAN) is proposed to address this problem. The WDMAN model exploits complex feature space structures to enable the transfer of different data distributions based on multiple domain critic networks. The essence of our method is learning the shared feature representation by minimizing the Wasserstein distance between the source domain and target domain distribution in an adversarial training way. The experiment results demonstrate that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on rolling bearing fault diagnosis under different working conditions. The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) technology is used to visualize the learned domain invariant feature and investigate the transferability behind the great performance of our proposed model.
Parkin-mediated mitophagy directs perinatal cardiac metabolic maturation in mice (2015)

In developing hearts, changes in the cardiac metabolic milieu during the perinatal period redirect mitochondrial substrate preference from carbohydrates to fatty acids. Mechanisms responsible for this mitochondrial plasticity are unknown. Here, we found that PINK1-Mfn2-Parkin-mediated mitophagy directs this metabolic transformation in mouse hearts. A mitofusin (Mfn) 2 mutant lacking PINK1 phosphorylation sites necessary for Parkin binding (Mfn2 AA) inhibited mitochondrial Parkin translocation, suppressing mitophagy without impairing mitochondrial fusion. Cardiac Parkin deletion or expression of Mfn2 AA from birth, but not after weaning, prevented postnatal mitochondrial maturation essential to survival. Five-week-old Mfn2 AA hearts retained a fetal mitochondrial transcriptional signature without normal increases in fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis genes. Myocardial fatty acylcarnitine levels and cardiomyocyte respiration induced by palmitoylcarnitine were concordantly depressed. Thus, instead of transcriptional reprogramming, fetal cardiomyocyte mitochondria undergo perinatal Parkin-mediated mitophagy and replacement by mature adult mitochondria. Mitophagic mitochondrial removal underlies developmental cardiomyocyte mitochondrial plasticity and metabolic transitioning of perinatal hearts.
Fertility of Men and Women Aged 15–49 in the United States: National Survey of Family Growth, 2015–2019 (2022)

Many of the fertility measures among men and women aged 15-44 based on the 2006-2010 NSFG were generally similar to those reported based on the 2002 NSFG. The mean age at first child's birth for women was 23 and the mean age at first child's birth for men was 25. One-half of first births to women were in their 20s and two-thirds of first births were fathered by men who were in their 20s. On average, women aged 15-44 have 1.3 children as of the time of the interview. By age 40, 85% of women had had a birth, and 76% of men had fathered a child. In 2006-2010, 22% of first births to women occurred within cohabiting unions, up from 12% in 2002. These measures differed by Hispanic origin and race and other demographic characteristics.
Direct conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons. (1987)

Recent works in our laboratory on the direct, catalytic conversion of methane into higher hydrocarbons have been reviewed. The topics reviewed are the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 compounds (C2H6+C2H4), the selective synthesis of C2H4, and the synthesis of aromatic hydrocarbons. Among the metal oxides tested, rare earth metal oxides showed high stability, high C2-selectivity, and high catalytic activities for oxidative coupling of CH4. Kinetic studies on oxidative coupling of CH4 over Sm2O3 suggest that the reaction be initiated by diatomic oxygen species, probably by peroxide ions O 22-. A comparison of the results on the reactions using O2 and N2O as oxidants showed that O2 was a better oxidant for catalytic conversion of CH4 into C2 compounds. Alkali halides, especially LiCl, enhanced the selective synthesis of C2H4 in partial oxidation of CH4 over metal oxides. The effect of LiCl was most marked for the oxides of the first series transition elements. The role of alkali metals of the alkali halides is to create active compound oxides of the alkali metals and the host metal oxides. The role of halides is to supply halogen atoms which catalyze dehydrogenation of C2H6 to C2H4 in the gas phase. The NaCl/Mn-oxide/silicalite catalyzed the synthesis of higher olefins and aromatics directly from CH4. The combination of a coupling catalyst and an aromatization catalyst improved the synthesis of aromatics with relatively high selectivity (>16.3%) and yield (>5.5%).
Design considerations for CMOS low-noise amplifiers (2004)

A low-noise amplifier is the first active stage of a CMOS RF receiver. The inductively degenerated common-source LNA (CS-LNA) topology is currently popular because it achieves high gain, low noise figure, etc. The amplifier's performance is reviewed and the optimum Q value that gives the minimum noise figure is derived. It is then compared to the conventional common-gate LNA (CG-LNA) in terms of gain, noise figure, input matching, reverse isolation and stability. Finally, a general g/sub m/-boosted design technique for common-gate RF circuits is introduced that provides lower noise figure and power consumption than the conventional CS-LNA and CG-LNA stages; it also preserves the CG-LNA insensitivity to parasitic input capacitances. In view of CMOS scaling, the CG-LNA topology is attractive for future higher frequency and/or lower power designs.
Development of robotics tools for agricultural task achievement: The example of robot formation control (2012)

Nowadays it is eagerly expected that, on one hand the environmental impact of agricultural activities is decreasing, and on the other hand the level of production is increasing in order to match the consumption demand of the growing worldwide population. To meet these opposite expectations, new\nproduction tools have to be developed. Recent advances in off-road mobile robotics may bring to promising solution in order to address such a problematic. Since large area coverage, as well as high flexibility, are more particularly looked for in this paper, multi-robot cooperation for field operations is investigated.\nThe proposed framework relies on a path tracking approach dedicated to the formation control of several robots. In an off-road context, because of bad grip conditions, classical control algorithms cannot be used straightforwardly. Moreover, low level delays and stability issues (rollover risk or obstacle\ncollision) have also to be taken into account. Adaptive and predictive control laws are here designed to achieve accurate motion control of each robot, despite highly varying and unpredictable contact conditions. The multi-robot configuration is imposed by defining set points in terms of lateral deviations\nand longitudinal distances between each robot. In addition, robot safety is addressed through a traversability evaluation within the vicinity of each robot. Finally, several alternative paths are constantly considered and the optimal one is decided with respect to robot stability and maximal velocity criteria,\nassessed from a numerical terrain model.
Detection of Hypoxic cells in a Murine Tumour With the Use of the Comet Assay (1992)

Estimating hypoxia in accessible human tumors undergoing radiotherapy may be possible if the sensitivity of the method can be improved to allow detection of hypoxic cells after a dose of 2 Gy.
Syntheses of 3(5)-Substituted-4-(<i>N</i>-methylanilino)-5(3)-aminopyrazoles by Reaction of β-Hydroxy-α-cyanoenamines with Hydrazines (1985)

Aminopyrazoles 3-5 are prepared by the reaction of β-hydroxy-α-cyanoenamines 2 with hydrazine hydrate and monomethylhydrazine.
A multivariate calibration procedure for UV/VIS spectrometric quantification of organic matter and nitrate in wastewater (2003)

A submersible UV/VIS spectrometer for in-situ real-time measurements is presented. It utilises the UV/VIS range (200-750 nm) for simultaneous measurement of COD, filtered COD, TSS and nitrate with just a single instrument. A global calibration is provided that is valid for typical municipal wastewater compositions. Usually high correlation coefficients can be achieved using this standard setting. By running a local calibration improvements concerning trueness, precision and long term stability of the results can be achieved. The calibration model is built by means of PLS, various validation procedures and outlier tests to reach both high correlation quality and robustness. This paper describes the UV/VIS spectrometer and the calibration procedure.
Coping with Soft Errors in Asynchronous Burst-Mode Machines (2008)

We discuss the problem of soft errors in asynchronous burst mode machines (ABMMs) and we propose two solutions. The first solution is an error tolerance approach, which leverages the inherent functionality of Muller C-elements, along with a variant of duplication, to suppress all transient errors. The proposed method is more robust and less expensive than the typical Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) error tolerance method and often even less expensive than previously proposed concurrent error detection (CED) methods, which only provide detection but no correction. The second solution is an error mitigation approach, which leverages a newly devised soft error susceptibility assessment method for ABMMs, along with partial duplication, to suppress a carefully chosen subset of transient errors. Three progressively more powerful options for partial duplication select among individual gates, complete state/output logic cones, or partial state/output logic cones, and enable exploration of the trade-off between the achieved soft error susceptibility reduction and the incurred area overhead.
Integrating security in inter-domain routing protocols (1993)

Network routing protocols work in a vulnerable environment. Unless protected by appropriate security measures, their operation can be easily subverted by intruders capable of modifying, deleting or adding false information in routing updates. This paper first analyses threats to the secure operation of inter-domain routing protocols, and then proposes various counter measures to make these protocols secure against external threats.
Rapid Sequencing of cDNA Clones: Direct Sequencing Using Sequential Linear/Asymmetric PCR (2003)

Following the isolation of a clonal recombinant phage or plasmid after screening a cDNA library, the first analyses that are routinely performed are the determination of the insert size and the sequence of the 3′- and 5′-ends of the cloned fragment. Prior to the use of PCR, this was a laborious process, especially when the cDNA library had been constructed using a vector derivative of bacteriophage λ. I recently described a PCR-based protocol that rapidly generated this information from single-phage plaques and, additionally, produced material suitable for subcloning into plasmid vectors (1). The procedure, which is outlined in Fig. 1, involves an initial PCR reaction using an oligonucleotide primer pair which flank the cDNA insertion site to produce sufficient quantities of double-stranded DNA for sequencing. An aliquot of this reaction is then subjected to further PCR, but with only one of the primers. Any residual second primer is rapidly depleted during this second reaction and large quantities of single-stranded DNA are generated. This material is then used as a template for sequencing using the second oligonucleotide to prime the reaction.