gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
K-means+id3 and dependence tree methods for supervised anomaly detection (2008)

In this dissertation, we present two novel methods for supervised anomaly detection. The first method performs supervised anomaly by partitioning the training data instances into k clusters using Euclidean distance similarity. Then, on each cluster representing a density region of normal or anomaly instances, an ID3 decision tree is built. The ID3 decision tree on each cluster refines the decision boundaries by learning the subgroups within a cluster. To obtain a final decision on detection, the k-Means and ID3 decision trees are combined using two rules: (1) the nearest neighbor rule; and (2) the nearest consensus rule. The performance of the K-Means+ID3 is demonstrated over three data sets: (1) network anomaly data, (2) Duffing equation data, and (3) mechanical system data, which contain measurements drawn from three distinct application domains of computer networks, an electronic circuit implementing a forced Duffing equation, and a mechanical mass beam system subjected to fatigue stress, respectively. Results show that the accuracy of the K-Means+ID3 method is as high as 96.24 percent on network anomaly data; the total accuracy is as high as 80.01 percent on mechanical system data; and 79.9 percent on Duffing equation data. Further, the performance of K-Means+ID3 is compared with individual k-Means and ID3 methods implemented for anomaly detection.
The second method tree based anomaly detection performs supervised anomaly using the Bayes classification rule. The class conditional probability densities in the Bayes classification rule are approximated by dependence trees, which represent second-order product approximations of probability densities. We derive the theoretical relationship between dependence tree classification error and Bayes error rate and show that the dependence tree approximation minimizes an upper bound on the Bayes error rate. To improve the classification performance of dependence tree based anomaly detection, we use supervised and unsupervised Maximum Relevance Minimum Redundancy (MRMR) feature selection method to select a set of features that optimally characterize class information. We derive the theoretical relationship between the Bayes error rate and the MRMR feature selection criterion and show that MRMR feature selection criterion minimizes an upper bound on the Bayes error rate. The performance of the dependence tree based anomaly method is demonstrated on the benchmark KDD Cup 1999 intrusion data set. Results show that the accuracies of the dependence tree based anomaly method are as high as 99.76 percent in detecting normal traffic, 93.88 percent in detecting denial-of-service attacks, 94.88 percent in detecting probing attacks, 86.40 percent in detecting user-to-root attacks, and 24.44 percent in detecting remote-to-login attacks. Further, the performance of dependence tree based anomaly method is compared with the performance of naive Bayes and ID3 decision tree methods as well as with the performance of two anomaly methods reported in recent literature.
New Diketopiperazine Metabolites from the Sclerotia of Aspergillus ochraceus (1992)

Three new diketopiperazine-containing metabolites 1-3 have been isolated from the sclerotia of Aspergillus ochraceus (NRRL 3519) by chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase hplc. The structures of these compounds were established using extensive high-field 1D and 2D nmr experiments. All three compounds cause moderate reduction in weight gain in assays against the lepidopteran crop pest Helicoverpa zea.
Superstrate-Based Beam Scanning of a Fabry–Perot Cavity Antenna (2015)

Incorporating phased array technique to scan the main beam of a Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC) antenna produces sidelobes proportional to the scan angle. An alternative dielectric-ferrite superstrate-based scan mechanism with controlled sidelobe level is presented in this letter. A beam scan of 24 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">°</sup> is demonstrated by axially magnetizing the ferrite part of the superstrate with ΔH = 0.25 T. Stepped dielectric part of the superstrate is optimized to reduce the sidelobe level of the FPC antenna by 4.49 dB. The fabricated antenna is tested to verify the simulated radiation patterns and reflection responses. The requirement of magnetic biasing can be considerably reduced using LTCC technology, where biasing coils are embedded within the ferrite superstrate.
Magnetic source MRI: A new quantitative imaging of magnetic biomarkers (2009)

A new approach to generating MRI contrast by solving the magnetic field to susceptibility source inverse problem is presented to address the quantification difficulties associated with traditional T1/T2 relaxation and susceptibility weighted T2* methods. The forward problem from source to field is reviewed. Its inverse field to source problem is ill posed. Accurate solutions are found by conditioning the data acquisition or regularizing the solution. Preclinical and clinical applications using this magnetic source MRI are discussed for quantitative mapping magnetic biomarkers such as contrast agents in molecular MRI and iron deposits in diseases.
A putative new proteinous factor negative for stromal growth. Purification and identification from endometrial carcinoma extract (1994)

Endometrial carcinoma could produce a new protein that may act as a paracrine factor to suppress the growth of its stroma endometrial fibroblasts.
Resistive Oxygen Gas Sensors for Harsh Environments (2011)

Resistive oxygen sensors are an inexpensive alternative to the classical potentiometric zirconia oxygen sensor, especially for use in harsh environments and at temperatures of several hundred °C or even higher. This device-oriented paper gives a historical overview on the development of these sensor materials. It focuses especially on approaches to obtain a temperature independent behavior. It is shown that although in the past 40 years there have always been several research groups working concurrently with resistive oxygen sensors, novel ideas continue to emerge today with respect to improvements of the sensor response time, the temperature dependence, the long-term stability or the manufacture of the devices themselves using novel techniques for the sensitive films. Materials that are the focus of this review are metal oxides; especially titania, titanates, and ceria-based formulations.
Stall Inception, Evolution and Control in a Low Speed Axial Fan With Variable Pitch in Motion (2012)

Obtaining the right pitch in turbomachinery blading is crucial to efficient and successful operations. Engineers adjust the rotor’s pitch angle to control the production or absorption of power. Even for low speed fans this is a promising tool. This paper focuses on the inception and the evolution of the flow instabilities in the tip region which drive the stall onset in low speed axial fans. The authors conducted an experimental study to investigate the inception patterns of rotating stall evolution at different rotor blade stagger-angle settings with the aim of speculating on stable operating margin. The authors drove the fan to stall at the design stagger-angle setting and then operated the variable pitch mechanism in order to recover the unstable operation. They measured pressure fluctuations in the tip region of the low-speed axial-flow fan fitted with a variable pitch in motion mechanism, with flush mounted probes. The authors studied the flow mechanisms for spike and modal stall inceptions in this low-speed axial-flow fan which showed relatively small tip clearance. The authors cross-correlated the pressure fluctuations and analyzed the cross-spectra in order to clarify blade pitch, end wall flow, and tip-leakage flow influences on stall inception during the transient at the rotor blades’ different stagger-angle settings. The authors observed a rotating instability near the maximum pressure-rise point at both design and low stagger-angle settings. The stall inception patterns were a spike type at the design stagger-angle setting as a result of the interaction between the incoming flow, tip-leakage flow and end wall backflow.
G<sup>1</sup> AND G<sup>2</sup> SURFACE INTERPOLATION OVER CURVE MESHES AND ITS SHAPE CONTROL (1996)

A popular method to represent complicated surfaces is to interpolate the curve meshes that are defined by the boundary curves of the surface. The curve meshes we consider consist of Bézier curves, rational Bézier curves or composite curves depending on the shape we design. To interpolate these curve meshes smoothly, we use Gregory patches, rational boundary Gregory patches, general boundary Gregory patches and C2-Gregory patches as surface representations. One of the advantages of these surface representations is that cross boundary derivatives can be independently defined for each boundary. This enables us to create smooth surface shapes even on irregular curve meshes. In addition to smooth surface interpolation, these Gregory patches enable intuitive modification of their shapes with new control point layouts based on the cross boundary derivatives. Designers can easily modify surface shapes without losing G1/G2 continuitybetween adjacent patches by moving control points.
Trajectory-aware mobile search (2012)

Most location-aware mobile applications only make use of the user's current location, but there is an opportunity for them to infer the user's future locations. We present Trajectory-Aware Search (TAS), a mobile local search application that predicts the user's destination in real-time based on location data from the current trip and shows search results near the predicted location. TAS demonstrates the feasibility of destination prediction in an interactive mobile application. Our user study of TAS shows using predicted destinations to help select search results positively augments the local search experience.
Demonstration of a wide dynamic range angular rate sensor based on frequency modulation (2011)

This paper reports a detailed characterization of a new rate gyroscope based on the mechanical frequency modulation (FM) of the input rotation. The FM approach tracks the resonant frequency split between two high-Q mechanical modes of vibration in a MEMS Coriolis Vibratory Gyroscope (CVG) to produce a frequency-based measurement of the input angular rate. The FM approach was implemented using a silicon micromachined Quadruple Mass Gyroscope (QMG) transducer. Structural characterization of a vacuum packaged QMG showed symmetrical Q-factors on the order of 1 million over a wide temperature range from -40 °C to +100 °C. High speed rate table testing of the FM angular rate sensor demonstrated inherent linearity up to 18,000 deg/s (50 revolutions per second, limited by the setup) with a dynamic range exceeding 125 dB. Interchangeable operation of the QMG transducer in conventional AM and proposed FM regimes provides a dynamic range above 155 dB (from sub-deg/hr to 18,000 deg/s).
A case study for application of design for affordance methodology using affordance feature repositories (2013)

The characteristics of products and services that induce natural activities of people, namely affordances, play critical roles in making interactions successful and meaningful. Earlier a methodological framework for design for affordances has been devised where repositories of affordance features are used. Affordance features are retrieved from the repository so that the new affordance feature is to be designed through an analogical reasoning. In two classes of Product-Service Systems Design education, this design for affordance method has been introduced in a tutorial setting for designing a hand carrier cart. This paper describes how the method was introduced and shows new target affordance features in their design proposals with source affordance features retrieved from the repository. Target affordance features have been evaluated based on the distances from the sources. Implications obtained from this tutorial effort are discussed to enrich practical application of the design for affordance method.
A new algorithm for bi-directional link self-healing for arbitrary redundant networks (2002)

Summary form only given. The bidirectional link self healing network (BLSN) automatic protection switching (APS) algorithm can protect arbitrary redundant networks from link and node failures by using loopback. This means that the more bandwidth efficient loopback APS method can be used to protect lowest cost redundant networks regardless of their topology.
Zirconia-pillared tetrasilicic fluoromica (1993)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTZirconia-pillared tetrasilicic fluoromicaJack W. Johnson, John F. Brody, R. M. Alexander, L. N. Yacullo, and C. F. KleinCite this: Chem. Mater. 1993, 5, 1, 36–42Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1993https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cm00025a011https://doi.org/10.1021/cm00025a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views133Altmetric-Citations20LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
The Development of Steroid Sulfatase Inhibitors for Hormone‐Dependent Cancer Therapy (2009)

Steroid sulfatase (STS) regulates the hydrolysis of steroid sulfates to their unconjugated forms. Estrone sulfate and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate can be hydrolyzed by STS to estrone and dehydroepiandrosterone, respectively, with these steroids being the precursors for the synthesis of more biologically active estrogens or androgens. A number of potent STS inhibitors have now been developed including STX64, which entered a phase I trial for the treatment of postmenopausal women with advanced metastatic hormone-dependent breast cancer. The results from this phase I trial were encouraging, suggesting that STS inhibitors may also have a role in the treatment of other hormone-dependent cancers including those of the endometrium, ovary, and prostate. In this paper the potential use of STS inhibitors to treat these hormone-dependent cancers is reviewed. In addition, results from in vitro studies show that Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells, OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells, and LNCaP prostate cancer cells all possess significant STS activity. Furthermore, STS activity in these cells can be almost completely inhibited by STX64 or the second-generation STS inhibitor, STX213. Results from these investigations therefore suggest that STS inhibitors could have therapeutic potential for the treatment of a range of hormone-dependent cancers.
One Packet Suffices - Highly Efficient Packetized Network Coding With\n Finite Memory (2011)

Random Linear Network Coding (RLNC) has emerged as a powerful tool for robust\nhigh-throughput multicast. Projection analysis - a recently introduced\ntechnique - shows that the distributed packetized RLNC protocol achieves\n(order) optimal and perfectly pipelined information dissemination in many\nsettings. In the original approach to RNLC intermediate nodes code together all\navailable information. This requires intermediate nodes to keep considerable\ndata available for coding. Moreover, it results in a coding complexity that\ngrows linearly with the size of this data. While this has been identified as a\nproblem, approaches that combine queuing theory and network coding have\nheretofore not provided a succinct representation of the memory needs of\nnetwork coding at intermediates nodes.\n This paper shows the surprising result that, in all settings with a\ncontinuous stream of data, network coding continues to perform optimally even\nif only one packet per node is kept in active memory and used for computations.\nThis leads to an extremely simple RLNC protocol variant with drastically\nreduced requirements on computational and memory resources. By extending the\nprojection analysis, we show that in all settings in which the RLNC protocol\nwas proven to be optimal its finite memory variant performs equally well. In\nthe same way as the original projection analysis, our technique applies in a\nwide variety of network models, including highly dynamic topologies that can\nchange completely at any time in an adversarial fashion.\n
Effect of low-dose dobutamine on myocardial uptake of manganese - a possible viability marker in cardiac MRI (2010)

Introduction The MRI contrast media manganese-dipyridoxyl-diphosphate (MnDPDP) has been shown to be a marker of viability in patients with myocardial infarction, as manganese-ions follow the calcium-pathways and accumulate in viable myocardial cells. However, the contrastto-noise ratio is presently too low for clinical use. In a previous study in rats given manganese-cloride (MnCl2), dobutamine increased the myocardial uptake of Mn significantly.
Single mode variable-sensitivity fiber optic sensors (1992)

We review spatially-weighted optical fiber sensors that filter specific vibration modes from one dimensional beams placed in clamped-free and clamped-clamped configurations. The sensitivity of the sensor is varied along the length of the fiber by tapering circular-core, dual-mode optical fibers. Selective vibration mode suppression on the order of 10 dB was obtained. We describe experimental results and propose future extensions to single mode sensor applications.
Gesture viewport: Interacting with media content using finger gestures on any surface (2014)

In this paper, we describe Gesture Viewport, a projector-camera system that enables finger gesture interactions with media content on any surface. We propose a novel and computationally efficient finger localization method based on the detection of occlusion patterns inside a virtual sensor grid rendered in a layer on top of a viewport widget. We develop several robust interaction techniques to prevent unintentional gestures from occurring, to provide visual feedback to a user, and to minimize the interference of the sensor grid with the media content. We show the effectiveness of the system through three scenarios: viewing photos, navigating Google Maps, and controlling Google Street View.
Mtt1 is a Upf1-like helicase that interacts with the translation termination factors and whose overexpression can modulate termination efficiency (2000)

Translation termination is the final step that completes the synthesis of a polypeptide. Premature translation termination by introduction of a nonsense mutation leads to the synthesis of a truncated protein. We report the identification and characterization of the product of the MTT1 gene, a helicase belonging to the Upfl-like family of helicases that is involved in modulating translation termination. MTT1 is homologous to UPF1, a factor previously shown to function in both mRNA turnover and translation termination. Overexpression of MTT1 induced a nonsense suppression phenotype in a wild-type yeast strain. Nonsense suppression is apparently not due to induction of [PSI+], even though cooverexpression of HSP104 alleviated the nonsense suppression phenotype observed in cells overexpressing MTT1, suggesting a more direct role of Hsp104p in the translation termination process. The MTT1 gene product was shown to interact with translation termination factors and is localized to polysomes. Taken together, these results indicate that at least two members of a family of RNA helicases modulate translation termination efficiency in cells.
An ultrasonic rangefinder based on an AlN piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (2010)

An ultrasonic rangefinder has a working range of 30 mm to 450 mm and operates at a 375 Hz maximum sampling rate. The worst-case systematic error less than 1.1mm. The rms noise is proportional to the square of the distance and equals 1.3 mm at the maximum range. The range measurement principle is based on pulse-echo time of flight measurement using a single transducer for transmit and receive consisting of a piezoelectric AlN membrane with 400 μm diameter which was fabricated using a low-temperature process compatible with processed CMOS wafers. All circuits are low voltage, enabling integration in standard low voltage circuit technology.
A 5 V-compatible flash EEPROM cell with microsecond programming time for embedded memory applications (1994)

This paper presents a split-gate flash EEPROM cell that relies on enhanced hot-electron injection onto the floating gate for fast 5 V-only programming. The device is referred to as the High Injection MOS (or HIMOS) cell and is fabricated in a 0.7-/spl mu/m double polysilicon CMOS technology with minor additions to the standard CMOS process flow. The cell has been optimized for a virtual ground array configuration in order to shrink the area down to the range of 10-20 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ per bit. An extensive study is presented of the influence of applied programming voltages and device geometry on cell performance. It is shown that, for a cell area of 16.5 /spl mu/m/sup 2/, microsecond programming can be achieved with a program-gate voltage of 12 V and 5 V-only operation. Furthermore, during programming the unique features of the HIMOS cell result in very low drain current (approximately 25 /spl mu/A per cell for 5 V-only operation) and a correspondingly low power consumption. It is shown experimentally that the combination of high programming efficiency with low power consumption indicates that 3.3 V-only operation is already viable in 0.7-/spl mu/m technology. In addition, a detailed study of the various possible disturb effects confirms the reliability of the HIMOS technology, and the feasibility of using a virtual ground array for this memory cell.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Ultrafast scanning probe microscopy (1993)

We have measured the response of the tunneling gap of a scanning tunneling microscope to excitation by a subpicosecond electrical pulse. Combining ultrashort laser pulses techniques with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we have obtained simultaneous 2-ps time resolution and 50-Å spatial resolution. This is a 9 orders of magnitude improvement in the time resolution currently attainable with STM. The potential of this powerful technique for studying ultrafast dynamical phenomena on surfaces with atomic resolution and mesoscopic electronic device physics is discussed.
Prediction of Severe Hypoglycemia (2007)

SH often follows a specific blood glucose fluctuation pattern that is identifiable from SMBG. Thus, partial prediction of imminent SH is possible, providing a potential tool to trigger self-regulatory prevention of significant hypoglycemia.