gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Purification and characterization of acyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase from oleaginous yeast and its role in triacylglycerol biosynthesis (2001)

Fatty acids are activated in an ATP-dependent manner before they are utilized. We describe here how the 10 S triacylglycerol biosynthetic multienzyme complex from Rhodotorula glutinis is capable of activating non-esterified fatty acids for the synthesis of triacylglycerol. The photolabelling of the complex with [(32)P]azido-ATP showed labelling of a 35 kDa polypeptide. The labelled polypeptide was identified as acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthetase, which catalyses the ATP-dependent ligation of fatty acid with ACP to form acyl-ACP. The enzyme was purified by successive PAGE separations to apparent homogeneity from the soluble fraction of oleaginous yeast and its apparent molecular mass was 35 kDa under denaturing and reducing conditions. Acyl-ACP synthetase was specific for ATP. The K(m) values for palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids were found to be 42.9, 30.4, 25.1 and 22.7 microM, respectively. The antibodies to acyl-ACP synthetase cross-reacted with Escherichia coli acyl-ACP synthetase. Anti-ACP antibodies showed no cross-reactivity with the purified acyl-ACP synthetase, indicating no bound ACP with the enzyme. Immunoprecipitations with antibodies to acyl-ACP synthetase revealed that this enzyme is a part of the 10 S triacylglycerol biosynthetic complex. These results demonstrate that the soluble acyl-ACP synthetase plays a novel role in activating fatty acids for triacylglycerol biosynthesis in oleaginous yeast.
Crystallization of bisphenol‐A polycarbonate. I. Influence of trimellitic acid tridecyloctyl ester on the kinetics of crystallization (1976)

Abstract The crystallization of bisphenol‐A polycarbonate plasticized by trimellitic acid tridecyloctyl ester (Morflex 525) has been studied. A half‐crystallization time of 100 min is observed at 170°C with 10% of plasticizer compared with a figure of 18,000 min for the unplasticized material. The kinetic study is limited to the primary crystallization process which can be described by an Avrami equation; however, the Avrami coefficients are much higher than usual. Studies on the effect of the preparation procedure of the samples and of premelting indicate that nucleation is at least partially heterogeneous.
Bias Circuit Topologies for Minimization of RF Amplifier Memory Effects (2003)

Memory effects in amplifiers can be described as the dependence of the output signal not only to the instantaneous input, but also to previous inputs. In a system where these effects exist, the linearity of the amplifier is degraded by the DC supply impedance, which is affected by changes in the instantaneous bandwidth of the input signal. The resulting nonlinearity is difficult to remove completely, even by the most sophisticated predistortion techniques. This paper describes a circuit technique that is readily applicable to RF amplifiers designed for wideband applications used with or without a lineariser. The memory effect reduction is achieved by placing transmission zeros in the bias network transfer function. Transmission zeros at the output of device are formed by utilizing the series resonance properties of decoupling capacitors. The frequency response is synthesized to lower and even out the impedance of the bias network over the resulting distortion bandwidth.
Oncoprotein DEK as a tissue and urinary biomarker for bladder cancer (2011)

Based on our pilot study of 38 bladder tumor tissue and 42 urine samples from patients with active TCC, other malignant urogenital disease, non-malignant urogenital disease and healthy individuals; DEK protein is expressed in bladder tumor tissue and voided urine of bladder cancer patients. The presence of DEK protein in voided urine is potentially a suitable biomarker for bladder cancer and that the screening for the presence of DEK protein in urine can be explored as a noninvasive diagnostic test for bladder cancer.
Implantable Pacemakers Control and Optimization via Fractional Calculus Approaches: A Cyber-Physical Systems Perspective (2012)

Managing cardiac disease and abnormal heart rate variability remain challenging problems with an enormous economic and psychological impact worldwide. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to introduce a fractal approach to pacemaker design based on the constrained finite horizon optimal control problem. This is achieved by modeling the heart rate dynamics via fractional differential equations. Also, by using calculus of variations, we show that the constrained finite horizon optimal control problem can be reduced to solving a linear system. Finally, we discuss the hardware complexity involved in the practical implementation of fractal controllers.
<title>Novolak design for high-resolution positive photoresists (IV): tandem-type novolak resin for high-performance positive photoresists</title> (1991)

A new type of novolak resins is proposed for high performance positive photoresists. This novolak resin has a molecular weight distribution different from the existing materials and is characterized by its low content of middle molecular weight components. We call this novolak resin 'Tandem type novolak resin'. The positive photoresists that contain Tandem type novolak resins exhibit improved performance in resolution, sensitivity, and heat resistance which are usually balanced in trade-off relationships. The characteristics, syntheses, and advantages of Tandem type novolak resins are described. The mechanism of resist performance improvement will also be discussed.
Recursive Filter for Space-Variant Variance Reduction (2019)

We propose a method to reduce non-uniform sample variance to a predetermined target level. The proposed space-variant filter can equalize variance of the non-stationary signal, or vary filtering strength based on image features, such as edges, etc., as shown by applications in this work. This approach computes variance reduction ratio at each point of the image, based on the given target variance. Then, a space-variant filter with matching variance reduction power is applied. A mathematical framework of atomic kernels is developed to facilitate stable and fast computation of the filter bank kernels. Recursive formulation allows using small kernel size, which makes the space-variant filter more suitable for fast parallel implementation. Despite the small kernel size, the recursive filter possesses strong variance reduction power. Filter accuracy is measured by the variance reduction against the target variance; testing demonstrated high accuracy of variance reduction of the recursive filter compared to the fixed-size filter. The proposed filter was applied to adaptive filtering in image reconstruction and edge-preserving denoising.
Expression of the <i>Arabidopsis ADS1</i> gene in <i>Brassica juncea</i> results in a decreased level of total saturated fatty acids (2003)

Brassica juncea plants transformed with the Arabidopsis ADS1 gene, which encodes a plant homologue of the mammalian and yeast acyl-CoA Delta9 desaturases and the cyanobateria acyl-lipid Delta9 desaturase, were found to have a statistically significant decrease in the level of saturated fatty acids in seeds. The decrease in the level of saturated fatty acids is largely attributable to decreases in palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0), although arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0) and lignoceric acid (24:0) were also decreased in the transgenic seeds compared to the negative control lines. As a result, the level of oleic acid (18:1) was slightly increased in the transgenic seed lines compared to the non-transformed controls. However, a decrease in saturated fatty acid is not always accompanied by the corresponding increase in mono-unsaturated fatty acids. For example, palmitoleic acid (16:1), gondoic acid (20:1) and nervonic acid (24:1) were all found to be decreased in transgenic seeds. The levels of linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3) were also notably changed in the transgenic lines compared to the controls. The present study provides preliminary experimental data suggesting that the Arabidopsis ADS1 encodes a fatty acid Delta9 desaturase and could be useful in genetic engineering for modifying the level of saturated fatty acids in oilseed crops. However, the effect of ADS1 gene expression on seed oil fatty acid composition is beyond the changes of total saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids, which suggests a complex mechanism is involved in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism.
Manifold learning algorithms for sensor fusion of image and radio-frequency data (2018)

This paper presents a joint manifold learning based heterogenous data fusion approach for image and radio frequency (RF) data. A typic scenario includes several objects (with RF emitters), which are observed by Medium Wavelength Infrared (MWIR) cameras and RF Doppler sensors. The sensor modalities of images and Doppler effects are analyzed in a way that joint manifolds can be formed by stacking up the image and Doppler data. The image data provide the aerial position and velocities of objects while the Doppler data represent the radial speeds of the objects. The proposed fusion approach exploits the manifold learning algorithms for fast and accurate sensor fusion solutions. The fusion framework has two phases: training and testing. In the training phase, the various manifold learning algorithms are applied to extract the intrinsic information via dimension reduction. Then, the raw manifold learning results (i.e., the dimension reduction results) are mapped to object trajectories of interest. The fusion results are compared with the ground truth data to evaluate the performance, based on which optimal manifold learning algorithm is selected. After the training phase, the manifold learning matrices and linear regression matrices are fixed. These matrices are used in the testing phase for multiple sensor data applications. Eight manifold learning algorithms are implemented and evaluated on Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Image Generation (DIRSIG) scenes with MWIR data as well as distributed radiofrequency (RF) Doppler data from the same scene.
The use of RT‐PCR for prostate‐specific antigen assay to predict potential surgical failures before radical prostatectomy: molecular staging of prostate cancer (1996)

RT-PCR for PSA adds unique prognostic information when considering patients for radical surgery. The final role for the RT-PCR assay is as yet undefined; however, the ability to detect potential surgical failures pre-operatively using a molecular approach should have a significant impact on the management of patients with prostate cancer.
Massively parallel rate-constrained motion estimation using multiple temporal predictors in HEVC (2017)

Rate-constrained motion estimation (RCME) is considered to be the most time-consuming process of H.265/HEVC encoding. Massively parallel architectures, such as graphics processing units (GPUs), used in combination with a multi-core central processing unit (CPU), provide a promising computing platform to achieve fast encoding. However, the inherent dependencies in the process for deriving motion vector predictors (MVPs) prevent the parallelization of prediction units (PUs) processing. In this paper, we present a framework for performing a two-stage parallel RCME, in which the RCME of all the PUs of a frame can be calculated in parallel. A novel method is introduced to overcome the dependencies inherent to the derivation of MVPs. Multiple temporal predictors (MTPs) within the two-stage parallel RCME framework provide fine-grained parallelism encoding without significant BD-Rate penalty, compared to serial encoding. Experimental results show that our proposed approach achieves a BD-Rate improvement of over 1% as compared to state-of-the-art parallel methods providing similar time reductions.
Supramolecular Porphyrin Cages Assembled at Molecular–Materials Interfaces for Electrocatalytic CO Reduction (2017)

Conversion of carbon monoxide (CO), a major one-carbon product of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) reduction, into value-added multicarbon species is a challenge to addressing global energy demands and climate change. Here we report a modular synthetic approach for aqueous electrochemical CO reduction to carbon-carbon coupled products via self-assembly of supramolecular cages at molecular-materials interfaces. Heterobimetallic cavities formed by face-to-face coordination of thiol-terminated metalloporphyrins to copper electrodes through varying organic struts convert CO to C2 products with high faradaic efficiency (FE = 83% total with 57% to ethanol) and current density (1.34 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>) at a potential of -0.40 V vs RHE. The cage-functionalized electrodes offer an order of magnitude improvement in both selectivity and activity for electrocatalytic carbon fixation compared to parent copper surfaces or copper functionalized with porphyrins in an edge-on orientation.
Magic angle spinning spheres (2018)

Magic angle spinning (MAS) is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance of solids to improve spectral resolution. Rather than using cylindrical rotors for MAS, we demonstrate that spherical rotors can be spun stably at the magic angle. Spherical rotors conserve valuable space in the probe head and simplify sample exchange and microwave coupling for dynamic nuclear polarization. In this current implementation of spherical rotors, a single gas stream provides bearing gas to reduce friction, drive propulsion to generate and maintain angular momentum, and variable temperature control for thermostating. Grooves are machined directly into zirconia spheres, thereby converting the rotor body into a robust turbine with high torque. We demonstrate that 9.5-mm-outside diameter spherical rotors can be spun at frequencies up to 4.6 kHz with N<sub>2</sub>(g) and 10.6 kHz with He(g). Angular stability of the spinning axis is demonstrated by observation of <sup>79</sup>Br rotational echoes out to 10 ms from KBr packed within spherical rotors. Spinning frequency stability of ±1 Hz is achieved with resistive heating feedback control. A sample size of 36 μl can be accommodated in 9.5-mm-diameter spheres with a cylindrical hole machined along the spinning axis. We further show that spheres can be more extensively hollowed out to accommodate 161 μl of the sample, which provides superior signal-to-noise ratio compared to traditional 3.2-mm-diameter cylindrical rotors.
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Subtypes Differentially Regulate Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype (2008)

Results provide evidence that S1P1/S1P3 receptors promote, whereas S1P2 receptors antagonize, SMC proliferation and phenotypic modulation in vitro in response to S1P, or in vivo after vascular injury.
Five-terminal average modeling and AC analysis of PFC converters in PSPICE (2005)

A simple and accurate five-terminal switched transformer average model was used to perform the AC analysis of single-stage power factor correction (PFC) converter using PSPICE. Unlike other models presented in literature, the proposed switching cell includes the transformer leakage inductance, the intermediate bus input, and still addresses both continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. The developed PSPICE model is very relevant to isolated converters including the PFC example provided here, which are not easily handled by other models.
In-process measurement of the grinding force in silicon wafer self-rotating grinding process (2020)

Silicon wafer thinning is mostly performed by self-rotating grinding process. In grinding, the grinding force is a crucial factor of affecting the machining accuracy and surface/subsurface quality. In this paper, a novel apparatus and method are developed to measure the grinding force in silicon wafer self-rotating grinding process. Four thin film force sensors are equidistantly embedded beneath the silicon wafer along radial direction and the measured signal is transmitted wirelessly through WiFi protocol. Based on the proposed method, the normal grinding force and its distribution along wafer radial are obtained. The test data indicates that the proposed approach is effective to measure the grinding force with high reliability, high precision and low cost.
Slurry Bubble Column Reactor Optimization (2007)

Slurry bubble column reactors (SBCR) are the preferred contactors for the conversion of syngas to fuels and chemicals partially due to their superior heat and mass transfer characteristics. The multiphase fluid dynamics in these systems greatly affect the reactor volumetric productivity. Here, we have developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) - assisted design methodology for searching the optimum particle size for maximum production in a SBCR. Reactor optimization due to heat exchanger configuration was also investigated. We have rearranged the heat exchangers in a SBCR and constructed a CFD model for a baffled reactor. The novel arrangement of the exchangers prevents the unfavorable high catalysts concentration at the lower stage of the reactor. Thus an optimum catalyst concentration is maintained during the course of the production of liquid fuels.
Timely Rerandomization for Mitigating Memory Disclosures (2015)

Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) can increase the cost of exploiting memory corruption vulnerabilities. One major weakness of ASLR is that it assumes the secrecy of memory addresses and is thus ineffective in the face of memory disclosure vulnerabilities. Even fine-grained variants of ASLR are shown to be ineffective against memory disclosures. In this paper we present an approach that synchronizes randomization with potential runtime disclosure. By applying rerandomization to the memory layout of a process every time it generates an output, our approach renders disclosures stale by the time they can be used by attackers to hijack control flow. We have developed a fully functioning prototype for x86_64 C programs by extending the Linux kernel, GCC, and the libc dynamic linker. The prototype operates on C source code and recompiles programs with a set of augmented information required to track pointer locations and support runtime rerandomization. Using this augmented information we dynamically relocate code segments and update code pointer values during runtime. Our evaluation on the SPEC CPU2006 benchmark, along with other applications, show that our technique incurs a very low performance overhead (2.1% on average).
WizIE: A Best Practices Guided Development Environment for Information Extraction (2012)

Information extraction (IE) is becoming a critical building block in many enterprise applications. In order to satisfy the increasing text analytics demands of enterprise applications, it is crucial to enable developers with general computer science background to develop high quality IE extractors. In this demonstration, we present WizIE, an IE development environment intended to reduce the development life cycle and enable developers with little or no linguistic background to write high quality IE rules. WizIE provides an integrated wizard-like environment that guides IE developers step-by-step throughout the entire development process, based on best practices synthesized from the experience of expert developers. In addition, WizIE reduces the manual effort involved in performing key IE development tasks by offering automatic result explanation and rule discovery functionality. Preliminary results indicate that WizIE is a step forward towards enabling extractor development for novice IE developers. 1
Rapid enrichment of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐specific polyclonal T cell populations for adoptive immunotherapy of cervical cancer (2004)

The majority of cervical cancers are caused by human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16). Cervical cancer is associated with an ineffective host immune response against the HPV16 oncoproteins, characterized by the lack of the strong E6-specific T-helper type 1 (Th1) immunity that is generally present in healthy individuals, the presence of improperly polarized HPV16E6- and E7-specific CD4(+) T cells and increased numbers of regulatory T cells. Therefore, immunotherapeutic intervention is likely to require a modality that deletes the regulatory T cell component and enhances the HPV16-specific Type 1 T cell response. HLA-matched allogeneic stem cell transplantation may offer such a modality, because it involves the eradication of host immune cells and enables the transfer of donor derived tumor-specific T cells to the patient. As a first step in the development of such a treatment, we evaluated the success rate of a protocol for enrichment of HPV16E6-specific CD4(+) T cells from healthy donor PBMC on the basis of their IFNgamma secretion. After a short in vitro stimulation with overlapping 30 amino acid long HPV16E6 peptides, we enriched the IFNgamma secreting cells by magnetic cell sorting. The obtained polyclonal CD4(+) T cell populations recognized distinct epitopes within HPV16E6, as well as E6 protein, processed and presented by autologous professional antigen presenting cells. The described protocol proved successful in PBMC from more than half of the healthy adult blood donors. These HPV16E6-specific CD4(+) T cells may turn out to be an essential component of future adoptive T cell therapy for advanced cervical cancer, by orchestrating CTL dependent and independent tumoricidal mechanisms.
Simultaneous acquisition of perfusion image and dynamic <scp>MR</scp> angiography using time‐encoded pseudo‐continuous <scp>ASL</scp> (2017)

This study demonstrated that simultaneous acquisition of 4D-MRA and perfusion images can be achieved by using time-encoded pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling. Magn Reson Med 79:2676-2684, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Recent Advances in the VoroCrust Algorithm for Automatic Generation of Conforming Voronoi Meshes. (2021)

Abstract not provided.
The common metabolite glycerol-3-phosphate is a novel regulator of plant defense signaling (2009)

Conversion of glycerol to glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) is one of the highly conserved steps of glycerol metabolism in evolutionary diverse organisms. In plants, G3P is produced either via the glycerol kinase (GK)-mediated phosphorylation of glycerol, or via G3P dehydrogenase (G3Pdh)-mediated reduction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP). We have recently shown that G3P levels contribute to basal resistance against the hemibiotrophic pathogen, Colletotrichum higginsianum. Since a mutation in the GLY1-encoded G3Pdh conferred more susceptibility compared to a mutation in the GLI1-encoded GK, we proposed that GLY1 is the major contributor of the total G3P pool that participates in defense against C. higginsianum.
ChemInform Abstract: Organoactinide‐Mediated Hydrothiolation of Terminal Alkynes with Aliphatic, Aromatic, and Benzylic Thiols. (2009)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Efficient sampling of sparse wideband analog signals (2008)

Periodic nonuniform sampling is a known method to sample spectrally sparse signals below the Nyquist rate. This strategy relies on the implicit assumption that the individual samplers are exposed to the entire frequency range. This assumption becomes impractical for wideband sparse signals. The current paper proposes an alternative sampling stage that does not require a full-band front end. Instead, signals are captured with an analog front end that consists of a bank of multipliers and lowpass filters whose cutoff is much lower than the Nyquist rate. The problem of recovering the original signal from the low-rate samples can be studied within the framework of compressive sampling. An appropriate parameter selection ensures that the samples uniquely determine the analog input. Moreover, the analog input can be stably reconstructed with digital algorithms. Numerical experiments support the theoretical analysis.