gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A pseudo rail-to-rail chopper-stabilized instrumentation amplifier in 0.13 &#x00B5;m CMOS (2009)

This paper presents a CMOS chopper-stabilized instrumentation amplifier based on a compact differential difference amplifier (DDA). The DDA itself is based on a high gain and robust two-stage class-AB amplifier. Simulation results show that with chopping frequency at 250 KHz, both the noise density and offset can be reduced by a factor of 10. Detailed practical application considerations of the proposed In-Amp as a current-sensing amplifier in a power management chip are presented.
A model for Rab GTPase localization (2005)

The human genome encodes almost 70 Rab GTPases. These proteins are C-terminally geranylgeranylated and are localized to the surfaces of distinct membrane-bound compartments in eukaryotic cells. This mini review presents a working model for how Rabs achieve and maintain their steady-state localizations. Data from a number of laboratories suggest that Rabs participate in the generation of macromolecular assemblies that generate functional microdomains within a given membrane compartment. Our data suggest that these complex interactions are important for the cellular localization of Rab proteins at steady state.
The Importance of Being Gender 'Stable': Masculinity and Feminine Empowerment in Le Roman de Silence (1997)

Events and characterization in Heldris's Roman de Silence are structured to allocate power by gender, as shown in the destabilizing of King Ebain's 'masculinity' and the empowerment of several female characters including the hero(ine).
A study of control independence in superscalar processors (1999)

Control independence has been put forward as a significant new source of instruction level parallelism for future generation processors. However, its performance potential under practical hardware constraints is not known, and even less is understood about the factors that contribute to or limit the performance of control independence. Important aspects of control independence are identified and singled out for study, and a series of idealized machine models are used to isolate and evaluate these aspects. It is shown that much of the performance potential of control independence is lost due to data dependences and wasted resources consumed by incorrect control dependent instructions. Even so, control independence can close the performance gap between real and perfect branch prediction by as much as half. Next, important implementation issues are discussed and some design alternatives are given. This is followed by a more detailed set of simulations, where the key implementation features are realistically modeled. These simulations show typical performance improvements of 10-30%.
Induction of hyporesponsiveness to intact foreign protein via retroviral-mediated gene expression: The IgG scaffold is important for induction and maintenance of immune hyporesponsiveness (2021)

IgG molecules can be highly tolerogenic carriers for associated antigens. Previously, we reported that recipients of bone marrow or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated B-cell blasts, both of which were retrovirally gene-transferred with an immunodominant peptide in-frame with the variable region of a murine IgG heavy chain, were rendered profoundly unresponsive to that epitope. To further investigate whether tolerance to larger molecules can be achieved via this approach and whether the IgG scaffold is important for induction and maintenance of immunological tolerance, we engineered two retroviral constructs encoding the cI λ repressor (MBAE-1–102 and MBAE-1–102-IgG) for gene transfer. Our results show that recipients of bone marrow or peripheral B cells, transduced with the MBAE-1–102-IgG recombinant, are hyporesponsive to p1–102. In addition, the self-IgG scaffold enhanced the induction and maintenance of such an immune hyporesponsiveness. Thus, our studies demonstrate that in vivo-expressed IgG heavy chain fusion protein can be processed and presented on the appropriate MHC class II, resulting in hyporesponsiveness to that antigen and offering an additional therapeutic approach to autoimmune diseases.
Periodic symbol puncturing of trellis codes (2002)

We present trellis codes designed to perform well in the context of periodic symbol puncturing. Progressive puncturing of these new trellis codes allows unequal error protection or continuous adaptation of the information rate to match channel and traffic conditions. Deep fades or strong interference also may be considered as a form of puncturing. For these environments, we present examples of trellis codes that are robust to all puncturing patterns that maintain non-negative effective redundancy. This robustness extends even to puncturing patterns that reduce the effective redundancy to zero.
Cyclopropenation and Related Reactions of Ruthenium Vinylidene Complexes (1996)

Facile deprotonation of a number of cationic ruthenium vinylidene complexes, followed by cyclopropenation, is accomplished in acetone. The deprotonation of [Ru]C(Ph)CH2R+, ([Ru] = (η5-C5H5)(PPh3)2Ru) by n-Bu4NOH induces a novel cyclization reaction and yields the neutral cyclopropenyl complexes [Ru]−CC(Ph)CHR (3b, R = CN; 3c, R = Ph; 3d, R = CHCH2; 3e, R = CHCMe2). Complex [Ru]−CC(C6H9)CHCN+ (3k) is similarly prepared. Protonation of 3b−3e regenerates the corresponding vinylidene complexes. Deprotonation of [Ru]CC(Ph)CH2COOMe+ (2h) by n-Bu4NOH induces a different type of cyclization and yields the neutral furan complex [Ru]−CC(Ph)CHC(O)OMe (4h). The cyclopropenyl complex containing a methoxy substituent cannot be prepared from [Ru]CC(Ph)CH2OCH3+ (2i), but F- of n-Bu4NF attacks the Cα of 2i to produce the unstable vinyl complex [Ru]C(F)C(Ph)CH2OCH3 (5). Complex [Ru]−CC(Ph)C(CN)OCH3 (9b) was indirectly prepared from the addition of TCNQ to 3b, giving [Ru]CC(Ph)CH(CN)TCNQ (6b) followed by methanolysis. Unlike 3, complex 9b is not converted to vinylidene complex, instead, removal of the methoxy substituent by acid gives the cationic cyclopropenylium complex [Ru]−CC(Ph)C(CN)+ (10b). Complex [Ru]−CC(Ph)C(COOMe)+ (10h) is similarly prepared from 4h via a TCNQ complex 6h followed by a methoxy-substituted complex 9h. In the presence of allyl iodide, opening of the three-membered ring of 3b, followed by a subsequent oxidative coupling reaction, gives a dimeric dicationic product {[Ru]CC(Ph)−CHCN}22+ (11). Proton abstraction of 11 by n-Bu4NF gives the biscyclopropenyl complex {[Ru]−CC(Ph)CCN}2 (12). Molecular structures of complexes 3b, 3f, 4h, 6b, 9b, and 11 have been confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis.
Temporal Convolution for Real-time Keyword Spotting on Mobile Devices (2019)

Keyword spotting (KWS) plays a critical role in enabling speech-based user interactions on smart devices. Recent developments in the field of deep learning have led to wide adoption of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in KWS systems due to their exceptional accuracy and robustness. The main challenge faced by KWS systems is the trade-off between high accuracy and low latency. Unfortunately, there has been little quantitative analysis of the actual latency of KWS models on mobile devices. This is especially concerning since conventional convolution-based KWS approaches are known to require a large number of operations to attain an adequate level of performance. In this paper, we propose a temporal convolution for real-time KWS on mobile devices. Unlike most of the 2D convolution-based KWS approaches that require a deep architecture to fully capture both low- and high-frequency domains, we exploit temporal convolutions with a compact ResNet architecture. In Google Speech Command Dataset, we achieve more than \textbf{385x} speedup on Google Pixel 1 and surpass the accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art model. In addition, we release the implementation of the proposed and the baseline models including an end-to-end pipeline for training models and evaluating them on mobile devices.
Nonlinear ordinary differential equations : an introduction to dynamical systems (1999)

1. Second-order differential equations in the phase plane 2. Plane autonomous systems and linearization 3. Geometrical aspects of plane autonomous systems 4. Periodic solutions averaging methods 5. Perturbation methods 6. Singular perturbation methods 7. Forced oscillations: harmonic and subharmonic response, stability and entrainment 8. Stability 9. Determination of stability by solution perturbation 10. Liapunov methods for determining stability of the zero solution 11. The existence of periodic solutions 12. Bifurcations and manifolds 13. Poincare series, homoclinic bifurcations and chaos HINTS AND ANSWERS TO THE PROBLEMS Appendix A. Existence and uniqueness theorems Appendix B. Topographic systems Appendix C. Norms for vectors and matrices Appendix D. A contour integral References and further reading Index
MDMA-induced changes in within-network connectivity contradict the specificity of these alterations for the effects of serotonergic hallucinogens (2020)

It has been reported that serotonergic hallucinogens like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) induce decreases in functional connectivity within various resting-state networks. These alterations were seen as reflecting specific neuronal effects of hallucinogens and it was speculated that these shifts in connectivity underlie the characteristic subjective drug effects. In this study, we test the hypothesis that these alterations are not specific for hallucinogens but that they can be induced by monoaminergic stimulation using the non-hallucinogenic serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agent 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover design, 45 healthy participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) following oral administration of 125 mg MDMA. The networks under question were identified using independent component analysis (ICA) and were tested with regard to within-network connectivity. Results revealed decreased connectivity within two visual networks, the default mode network (DMN), and the sensorimotor network. These findings were almost identical to the results previously reported for hallucinogenic drugs. Therefore, our results suggest that monoaminergic substances can induce widespread changes in within-network connectivity in the absence of marked subjective drug effects. This contradicts the notion that these alterations can be regarded as specific for serotonergic hallucinogens. However, changes within the DMN might explain antidepressants effects of some of these substances.
Performance Evaluation of Abdominal Fat Burden Quantification in CT (2005)

Abdominal fat accumulation is an important cardiovascular risk ovascular risk factor. In clinical practice, delineation of subcutaneous and visceral fat is performed manually by an expert. This procedure is labor intensive, time consuming, and subject to inter-and intra-observer variability. In this paper, we present an extension of our previous work on automatic fat burden quantification and classification. Our improved method automatically differentiates abdominal fat into subcutaneous and visceral fat components and removes equipment-related artifacts. We evaluated the performance of our method using data from 40 subjects with very encouraging results.
Itsemurha : rikos, synti ja väärä tapa kuolla varhaismodernin ajan Ruotsissa (2020)

Arvio teoksesta Miettinen, Riikka. Suicide, Law and the Community in Early Modern Sweden. London: Palgrave Macmillan. 2019. 346 s. ISBN 978-3-030- 11844-0.
Electrophilic Hydroxylation with Bis(trimethylsilyl) peroxide. A Synthon for the Hydroxyl Cation (1986)

The regiospecific introduction of an hydroxy group in aromatic and aliphatic compounds can be performed in good yields by electrophilic hydroxylation of their organometallic derivatives with bis(trimethylsilyl)peroxide. © 1986 Georg Thieme Verlag. All rights reserved.
Solution-processed small molecule-based blue light-emitting diodes using conjugated polyelectrolytes as electron injection layers (2008)

Organic blue light-emitting diodes were studied using the solution processable small molecule 2,7-dipyrenyl-9,9′-dioctyl-fluorene (DPF) as the light-emitting material. The devices were fabricated in two simple structures: indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/DPF/LiF∕Al and ITO/PEDOT:PSS/DPF/PFN-BIm4∕Al, where PFN-BIm4 is poly[9,9′-bis[6″-(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl]fluorene-alt-co-phenylene] with tetrakis(imidazolyl)borate counterions. The LiF or PFN-BIm4 act as electron injection layers. The ITO/PEDOT:PSS/DPF/PFN-BIm4∕Al device, in which all organic layers are cast from solution, has a turn-on voltage of 3.8V, a luminance of 2000cd∕m2, and an efficiency of 0.6cd∕A. Using the PFN-BIm4 layer shows a significant improvement of the device performance when compared to the LiF layer.
Ring‐Opening Polymerization and Copolymerization of Propylene Oxide Catalyzed by N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes (2014)

Abstract Herein, we demonstrate the application of adducts of various N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) with CO 2 (i.e., NHC–CO 2 ) as precatalysts in the ring‐opening homopolymerization of propylene oxide (PO) onto diethylene glycol as a chain starter to give well‐defined polyether diols. The influence of various NHCs on the structure of the polymers and the mechanism of this reaction were investigated both experimentally and through DFT calculations. With this methodology, copolymers of PO and the monomers ε ‐caprolactone and ( S , S )‐lactide are accessible.
Recent Advances in Supported Metal Catalysts for Syngas Production from Methane (2018)

Over the past few years, great attention is paid to syngas production processes from different resources especially from abundant sources, such as methane. This review of the literature is intended for syngas production from methane through the dry reforming (DRM) and the steam reforming of methane (SRM). The catalyst development for DRM and SRM represents the key factor to realize a commercial application through the utilization of more efficient catalytic systems. Due to the enormous amount of published literature in this field, the current work is mainly dedicated to the most recent achievements in the metal-oxide catalyst development for DRM and SRM in the past five years. Ni-based supported catalysts are considered the most widely used catalysts for DRM and SRM, which are commercially available; hence, this review has focused on the recent advancements achieved in Ni catalysts with special focus on the various attempts to address the catalyst deactivation challenge in both DRM and SRM applications. Furthermore, other catalytic systems, including Co-based catalysts, noble metals (Pt, Rh, Ru, and Ir), and bimetallic systems have been included in this literature review to understand the observed improvements in the catalytic activities and coke suppression property of these catalysts.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mediates influenza H7N9 virus-induced acute lung injury (2014)

Since March 2013, the emergence of an avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) virus has raised concern in China. Although most infections resulted in respiratory illness, some severe cases resulted in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is a severe form of acute lung injury (ALI) that further contributes to morbidity. To date, no effective drugs that improve the clinical outcome of influenza A (H7N9) virus-infected patients have been identified. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 are involved in several pathologies such as cardiovascular functions, renal disease, and acute lung injury. In the current study, we report that ACE2 could mediate the severe acute lung injury induced by influenza A (H7N9) virus infection in an experimental mouse model. Moreover, ACE2 deficiency worsened the disease pathogenesis markedly, mainly by targeting the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1). The current findings demonstrate that ACE2 plays a critical role in influenza A (H7N9) virus-induced acute lung injury, and suggest that might be a useful potential therapeutic target for future influenza A (H7N9) outbreaks.
Learning Graph-Level Representation for Drug Discovery (2017)

Predicating macroscopic influences of drugs on human body, like efficacy and toxicity, is a central problem of small-molecule based drug discovery. Molecules can be represented as an undirected graph, and we can utilize graph convolution networks to predication molecular properties. However, graph convolutional networks and other graph neural networks all focus on learning node-level representation rather than graph-level representation. Previous works simply sum all feature vectors for all nodes in the graph to obtain the graph feature vector for drug predication. In this paper, we introduce a dummy super node that is connected with all nodes in the graph by a directed edge as the representation of the graph and modify the graph operation to help the dummy super node learn graph-level feature. Thus, we can handle graph-level classification and regression in the same way as node-level classification and regression. In addition, we apply focal loss to address class imbalance in drug datasets. The experiments on MoleculeNet show that our method can effectively improve the performance of molecular properties predication.
Adaptive identification and control of dynamical systems using neural networks (2003)

In recent years, multilayer neural networks and recurrent networks have emerged as important components for representing nonlinear transformations and have proved particularly successful in pattern recognition and optimization problems. The authors explore methods for incorporating such networks in adaptive systems for the identification and control of complex nonlinear dynamical systems.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
X-Ray Structure and Inhibition of 3C-like Protease from Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (2016)

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a coronavirus that infects pigs and can have mortality rates approaching 100% in piglets, causing serious economic impact. The 3C-like protease (3CL(pro)) is essential for the coronaviral life cycle and is an appealing target for the development of therapeutics. We report the expression, purification, crystallization and 2.10 Å X-ray structure of 3CL(pro) from PEDV. Analysis of the PEDV 3CL(pro) structure and comparison to other coronaviral 3CL(pro)'s from the same alpha-coronavirus phylogeny shows that the overall structures and active site architectures across 3CL(pro)'s are conserved, with the exception of a loop that comprises the protease S2 pocket. We found a known inhibitor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 3CL(pro), (R)-16, to have inhibitor activity against PEDV 3CL(pro), despite that SARS-3CL(pro) and PEDV 3CL(pro) share only 45.4% sequence identity. Structural comparison reveals that the majority of residues involved in (R)-16 binding to SARS-3CL(pro) are conserved in PEDV-3CL(pro); however, the sequence variation and positional difference in the loop forming the S2 pocket may account for large observed difference in IC50 values. This work advances our understanding of the subtle, but important, differences in coronaviral 3CL(pro) architecture and contributes to the broader structural knowledge of coronaviral 3CL(pro)'s.
Increased Detection Sensitivity for <i>KRAS</i> Mutations Enhances the Prediction of Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Resistance in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (2011)

The application of highly sensitive methods for the detection of KRAS mutations significantly improves the identification of mCRC patients resistant to anti-EGFR MoAbs.
The <i>mago nashi</i> locus encodes an essential product required for germ plasm assembly in <i>Drosophila</i> (1994)

In Drosophila, the localization of maternal determinants to the posterior pole of the oocyte is required for abdominal segmentation and germ cell formation. These processes are disrupted by maternal effect mutations in ten genes that constitute the posterior group. Here, the molecular analysis of one posterior group gene, mago nashi, is presented. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms and transcript alterations associated with mago nashi mutations were used to identify the mago nashi locus within a chromosomal walk. The mago nashi locus was sequenced and found to encode a 147 amino acid protein with no similarity to proteins of known or suspected function. The identification of the mago nashi locus was confirmed by sequencing mutant alleles and by P element-mediated transformation. Nonsense mutations in mago nashi, as well as a deletion of the 5' coding sequences, result in zygotic lethality. The original mago nashi allele disrupts the localization of oskar mRNA and staufen protein to the posterior pole of the oocyte during oogenesis; anterior localization of bicoid mRNA is unaffected by the mutation. These results demonstrate that mago nashi encodes an essential product necessary for the localization of germ plasm components to the posterior pole of the oocyte.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube/Silver Nanocomposites by Ultrasonication (2010)

Carbon nanotube (CNT)/Ag nanocomposites were synthesized by an ultrasonic process. Dispersion of aggregated CNTs and synthesis of both Ag nanoparticles and Ag/CNT composite particles were executed by ultrasonic treatment. Dispersibility of Ag nanoparticles improved with the combined use of a dispersant, which led to improved densification upon sintering. In addition, synthesis of nanosize Ag particles allowed sintering of the CNT/Ag nanocomposites at 300°C, with a resulting electrical resistivity of 2.46 μΩ·cm.
Radio-frequency sputter deposition of boron nitride based thin films (1989)

Thin films (≊2 μm) of boron nitride, titanium boron nitride, and titanium aluminum boron nitride have been grown on molybdenum, niobium, and cemented carbide substrates employing nonreactive as well as reactive rf magnetron sputter deposition from either a BN, a TiN-BN, or a TiN–AlN–BN target. Substrates have been rf biased, with dc potentials up to −200 V. By means of nonreactive sputtering mixed-phase structures with dominant phases B48B2N2 (using a BN target), or B48B2N2 and hexagonal Ti–B–N (using a TiN–BN or a TiN–AlN–BN target) are formed. Reactive deposition leads to the existence of hexagonal BN in all deposition modes. In the cases of Ti–B–N and Ti–Al–B–N films this phase is accompanied by fcc Ti–B–N. SEM cross sections revealed very fine grained to fracture-amorphous film structures. Hardness measurements gave the following maximum HV 0.02 values: B–N films 2800, Ti–B–N films 2750, and Ti–Al–B–N films 1650.
Overlay of cellular CDMA on FSM (1994)

The spectrum sharing capability of a CDMA PCN (48 MHz bandwidth), overlayed on the fixed service microwave (FSM) band (1850-1990 MHz), is investigated. This overlay may cause two types of interference: 1) interference from the overlayed PCN on the FSM systems, 2) interference from the microwave system to the PCN users. In the first case, both analog and digital systems are considered, because they are both in operation in the above frequency band. Furthermore, for the digital microwave system performance degradation, most of the modulation methods employed for digital transmission are considered. In the second case, the performance degradation of both the forward and the reverse PCN links are investigated, and, for the forward link, two options are considered: 1) incorporating power control, and 2) a no-power-control scheme. Next, real Fourier transformers and notch filters in the PCN receiver and transmitter are employed, in order to minimize both types of interference, and the above analysis is repeated.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>