gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms for dissociating proteoglycan aggregates. (1982)

Preformed Cs2SO4 zonal gradients were used to purify aggregates from proteoglycan preparations derived from associative extracts of the Swarm rat chondrosarcoma. Zonal gradients were used in solvents with different concentrations of guanidine HCl and different solvent pH values to study the mechanisms for dissociating the aggregates. Aggregates are stable in concentrations of guanidine HCl up to 1.5 M at pH 6.6. At 2 M guanidine HCl, partial dissociation occurs over 20 h in which a link protein is completely dissociated for every monomer proteoglycan dissociated from the aggregate structure. This suggests that in this solvent disaggregation occurs concurrent with complete separation of link protein from monomer. At solvent pH 2.7 to 3.3 in ionic conditions which normally promote aggregation, dissociation occurs by a mechanism in which the link protein remains associated with monomer. Thus, link protein-monomer complexes dissociate as bimolecular units from hyaluronic acid; such complexes then exhibit physical properties indistinguishable from pure monomers. The link protein-monomer complexes reassociate with hyaluronic acid to form link-stabilized aggregates when the solvent pH is raised to pH 7, i.e. to associative conditions. The study provides additional evidence for the role that link protein-monomer interactions have in proteoglycan aggregate structures.
A simple algorithm for Max Cut (2018)

Based on an explicit equivalent continuous optimization problem, we propose a simple continuous iterative algorithm for Max Cut, which converges to a local optimum in finite steps. The inner subproblem is solved analytically and thus no optimization solver is called. Preliminary results on G-set demonstrate the performance. In particular, the ratio between the best cut values achieved by the simple algorithm without any local breakout techniques and the best known ones is of at least $0.986$.
Cloning of the gene encoding the decorin-binding protein B (DbpB) in Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and characterisation of the antibody responses to DbpB in Lyme borreliosis (2002)

A genome walking technique was applied to borrelial DNA to clone the gene encoding decorin-binding protein B (DbpB) in Borrelia garinii and B. afzelii. Sequence analysis showed 62-67% identity of the predicted amino acid sequences of DbpB between the B. afzelii and B. garinii strains and B. burgdorferi sensu stricto. Within subspecies, the sequences were 99-100% identical. The respective recombinant DbpBs (rDbpBs) were produced and tested as antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Lyme borreliosis (LB). In IgG ELISA, with rDbpBs as antigens, 11 (73%) of 15 adult patients with Lyme arthritis and 9 (64%) of 14 with neuroborreliosis were positive. Of children with Lyme arthritis, 40 (77%) of 52 were positive. All adult and paediatric patients with disseminated LB had high titres of anti-flagellin IgG antibodies. Seropositivity against rDbpB from B. garinii predominated, 39 (65%) of 60 of the positive samples reacting with rDbpB from B. garinii. In patients with erythema migrans, IgM antibodies to rDbpB were detected in 1 (4%) of 23 and IgG antibodies in 6 (26%) of 23. These results indicate that DbpB may be a useful antigen in the IgG serology for disseminated LB. The high inter-species sequence heterogeneity observed indicates that a combination of the variant DbpBs should be included in the antigen set to cover all the relevant borrelial subspecies in the serodiagnosis of LB.
Tissue specificity and clustering of methylated cystosines in bovine satellite I DNA. (1982)

The positions of all 5-methylcytosine (mC) residues in bovine satellite I DNA were determined by sequence analysis of native purified satellite I DNAs from three bovine tissues as well as from cloned DNA. The EcoRI cleavage units from thymus and liver were found to contain 1,402 residues; that from brain contained 1,401 residues. Satellite I DNA from thymus contained a total of 5.0% mC, whereas that from liver and brain contained 4.4% and 2.6% mC, respectively. Thus, the extent of methylation of this DNA is tissue-specific. So is the location. In each tissue, the location of mCs is nonrandom, consisting of three clusters of heavily methylated regions, each of about 200 bases. However, the extent of methylation within each cluster is tissue-specific. The mCs are located entirely in C-G doublets and primarily in palindromic sequences, C-C-G-G sequences (10 methylatable sites) are almost completely methylated in all tissues examined, but T-G-G-A sequences (16 methylated in all tissues examined, but T-G-G-A sequences (16 metylatable sites) are methylated to different extents in each tissue. Neither the tissue specificity of methylation nor the clustering pattern is detectable by examining only G-C-G-G sites, leading us to emphasize the importance of total sequence determination for genomic DNAs in studies of methylation. The clustering pattern, which is preserved despite a 2-fold difference in mC content between brain and thymus, may indicate a role for DNA methylation in chromatin structure.
Scaling and Evaluation of Carbon Nanotube Interconnects for VLSI Applications (2007)

The work in this paper addresses the need to evaluate the impact of emerging interconnect technologies, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), in the context of system applications. The critical properties of CNTs are described in terms of equivalent material parameters such that a general methodology of
Development of postoperative insulin resistance is associated with the magnitude of operation. (1994)

Insulin resistance develops even after a minor elective operation, (inguinal hernia repair). The degree of postoperative insulin resistance was more pronounced after open cholecystectomy. The alteration in insulin sensitivity could not be related to simultaneous changes in the hormones studied.
Vascular Architecture in White Matter of Neonates (1994)

Arterial and venous structures in the deep white matter of the developing brain were examined by postmortem angiography. About the anterior horn, body and trigon of the lateral ventricle, ventriculopetal arteries reached the deep white matter and branched out to form an abundant network of small arterioles (hypervascular zone) particularly in premature brain, thus indicating the tentative border zone between ventriculofugal and petal arteries not to be hypovascular. A deep draining group of medullary veins converged at different zones in the deep white matter, becoming large to form a large converging zone, and finally drained into a subependymal vein. A fan-shaped draining area of the converging group of veins corresponded well to the area of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) with the edema and hemorrhage. About the occipital horn and inferior horn of the lateral ventricle, transcerebral veins were abundant and PVL was rarely seen. The pathogenesis of PVL could not be fully explained by border zone infarct. An alternative pathogenesis of PVL is considered the following: 1) circulatory disturbance of the deep draining group of veins occurs, 2) edema with or without venous hemorrhage follows, 3) edema fluid and hemorrhage compress abundant arterioles in the deep white matter with 4) consequent coagulation necrosis.
Spectrophotometry, luminescence and colour; science & compliance : papers presented at the second joint meeting of the UV Spectrometry Group of the UK and the Council for Optical Radiation Measurements of the USA, Rindge, New Hampshire, USA, June 20-23, 1994 (1995)

Part 1 Compliance and validation in spectrophotometry: approaches to the validation of spectrophotometers, C. Burgess global harmonisation of spectrophotometric standards, D.J. Porter advances in spectrophotometric transfer standards at the national physical laboratory, J.F. Verrill compliance in spectrometry - quality assurance of spectrophotometric measurements at NIST, J.J. Hsiah et al. Part 2 Advances in spectrophotometric measurements: reference instruments for spectrophotometry at NPL, G.H.C. Freeman development of a new reference spectrofluorimeter, J.C. Zwinkels and D.S. Gignac development of a new reference spectrofluorimeter at the national physical laboratory, J.F. Verrill and D.C. Williams new instrumentation development at the national institute of standards and technology for spectral diffuse reflectance and transmittance measurement, L.M. Hanssen neutral density filter measurements at the national institute of standards and technology, T.R. Gentile et al evaluation of the long-term repeatability of reflectance spectrophotometers, D.C. Rich et al the realisation and dissemination of UV source measurement scales in the UK, R. Lambe and T. Goodman reflectance spectrophotometry - balancing diffuse and specular components, H. Hemmendinger. Part 3 Instrument manufacturerers' approaches to compliance: performance validation in UV-VIS and fluorescence spectroscopy - it meets specification but does it work?, J. Monti and J. Casciero criteria and procedures in quality assurance to validate UV/VIS and UV/VIS/NIR spectrometers, W. Bohme et al calibration and validation of spectrophotometers - a vendor's view, T. Klink modern instrument design in assisting with compliance to regular standards, J.P. Hammond. Part 4 Advances in fluorescence techniques: bioluminescent determination of ATP using the perkin-elmer LS-50B and luminometer accessory, S.R. Huckins and J.L. Taylor near IR fluorescence - instrumentation, application and pitfalls, R.J. Obremskih et al long wavelength fluorescence spectroscopy, J.N. Miller blood flow measurements using fluorescent microspheres, R.W. Glenny acetylcholinesterase inhibition via a series of polyacene spectroscopic probe molecules - an example of integrated probe management techniques, J.L. Taylor et al. Part 5 Advances in spectrometry: the application of hadamard masking for multi-dimensional studies in the visible and near infrared spectral regions, W.G. Fateley et al laser based spectrometry, N.P. Fox et al calibration of line width standards and lamp intensities using FT UV, A.P. Thorne diode array process instrumentation for the near IR, J. Workman charge-coupled device based fluorescence detection in capillary electrophoresis, J.V. Sweedler et al stray light performance of UV multichannel spectral measuring instruments, E.G. Arthurs et al design and performance of a narrow band global UV-B radiometer, M.C. Beaubien and A.F. Beaubien.
Inhibitory effect of rhynchophylline on platelet aggregation and thrombosis. (1992)

Rhynchophylline (Rhy) inhibited rabbit platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (AA), collagen, and ADP. The values of IC50 were 0.72, 0.74, and 0.67 mmol.L-1, respectively. Rhy reduced the thromboxane B2 (TXB2) generation in PRP induced by collagen but failed to reduce that induced by AA. Rhy suppressed malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in platelet suspension stimulated by thrombin, inhibited the platelet factor 4 (PF4) release. It did not alter intraplatelet cAMP concentration. Rhy 10-20 mg.kg-1 iv showed a significant inhibition of venous thrombosis and cerebral thrombosis in rats.
The Effect of Proppant Size and Concentration on Hydraulic Fracture Conductivity in Shale Reservoirs (2013)

Hydraulic fracture conductivity in ultra-low permeability shale reservoirs is directly related to well productivity. The main goal of hydraulic fracturing in shale formations is to create a network of conductive pathways in the rock which increase the surface area of the formation that is connected to the wellbore. These highly conductive fractures significantly increase the production rates of petroleum fluids. During the process of hydraulic fracturing proppant is pumped and distributed in the fractures to keep them open after closure. Economic considerations have driven the industry to find ways to determine the optimal type, size and concentration of proppant that would enhance fracture conductivity and improve well performance. Therefore, direct laboratory conductivity measurements using real shale samples under realistic experimental conditions are needed for reliable hydraulic fracturing design optimization.\n\nA series of laboratory experiments was conducted to measure the conductivity of propped and unpropped fractures of Barnett shale using a modified API conductivity cell at room temperature for both natural fractures and induced fractures. The induced fractures were artificially created along the bedding plane to account for the effect of fracture face roughness on conductivity. The cementing material present on the surface of the natural fractures was preserved only for the initial unpropped conductivity tests. Natural proppants of difference sizes were manually placed and evenly distributed along the fracture face. The effect of proppant monolayer was also studied.
C A D E R N O DE T U R (2005)

The goal of this paper is both to identify and discuss the use of stereotypes by tourism promotion agencies. Following an overview of stereotypes, the study aims to pinpoint their potential usefulness, trying thus to elicit the manner they are used as a means to divulge and promote touristic destinations. The study is based on the analysis of 35 folders produced by Bahiatursa, Bahia State tourism promotion agency. Descriptive analysis made it possible to identify some basic categories of stereotypes used in presenting Bahia as a touristic destination: land of happiness, merry people, kind, of mixed blood and pious. Conclusion seeks to show how stereotypes influence the perception of social groups held by tourists. Estereotipos e destinos turisticos: o uso dos estereotipos nos folders de uma agencia de fomento ao turismo
Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (tPA) Interacts with Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator (uPA) via tPA's Lysine Binding Site (1995)

Differential scanning calorimetry was used to study the domain structure and intramolecular interactions of tPA/uPA chimeras. A high temperature transition centered near 90 degrees C was observed upon melting of the tPA/uPA chimera (amino acids 1-274 of tPA and 138-411 of uPA) and its variant lacking the finger and epidermal growth factor-like modules (residues 1-3 and 87-274 of tPA and 138-411 of uPA). Since neither of the two parent plasminogen activators display such a stable structure, one may suggest that a new stabilizing intramolecular interaction occurs in the chimeras. We found that occupation of the lysine binding site of tPA by a lysine or arginine side chain from the urokinase moiety is responsible for the high temperature transition as well as for the failure of the chimeras to exhibit the expected fibrin binding properties. All uPA species, single- and two-chain high molecular weight uPA (Pro-Uk and HMW-Uk) and two-chain low molecular weight uPA (LMW-Uk), interact intermolecularly with tPA and its kringle-containing derivatives. This intermolecular interaction was strongly inhibited by epsilon-aminocaproic acid indicating that the lysine binding site of tPA is involved. The binding of uPA with the fluorescein-labeled A-chain of tPA, registered by changes in fluorescence anisotropy, was estimated to have a Kd range of 1-7 microM. The interaction of tPA with uPA determined by solid-phase assays appeared to be tighter, with a Kd range of 50-300 nM. Two synthetic peptides, with and without carboxyl-terminal lysine, corresponding to urokinase residues 144-158 and 144-157, were approximately 100-fold more potent than epsilon-aminocaproic acid with respect to inhibition of the tPA-uPA interaction, indicating that the tPA binding site on urokinase is located within this sequence, close to the activation site Lys158-Ile159. The discovered intermolecular interaction may be related to the reported synergistic effect of simultaneous administration of these two plasminogen activators.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus: Targeting the G Protein Provides a New Approach for an Old Problem (2017)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) annually affecting >2 million children in the United States <5 years old. In the elderly (>65 years old), RSV results in ∼175,000 hospitalizations annually in the United States with a worldwide incidence of ∼34 million. There is no approved RSV vaccine, and treatments are limited. Recently, a phase 3 trial in the elderly using a recombinant RSV F protein vaccine failed to meet its efficacy objectives, namely, prevention of moderate-to-severe RSV-associated LRTI and reduced incidence of acute respiratory disease. Moreover, a recent phase 3 trial evaluating suptavumab (REGN2222), an antibody to RSV F protein, did not meet its primary endpoint of preventing medically attended RSV infections in preterm infants. Despite these setbacks, numerous efforts targeting the RSV F protein with vaccines, antibodies, and small molecules continue based on the commercial success of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against the RSV F protein (palivizumab). As the understanding of RSV biology has improved, the other major coat protein, the RSV G protein, has reemerged as an alternative target reflecting progress in understanding its roles in infecting bronchial epithelial cells and in altering the host immune response. In mouse models, a high-affinity, strain-independent human MAb to the RSV G protein has shown potent direct antiviral activity combined with the alleviation of virus-induced immune system effects that contribute to disease pathology. This MAb, being prepared for clinical trials, provides a qualitatively new approach to managing RSV for populations not eligible for prophylaxis with palivizumab.
A Study of Impact Toughness of Intercritically Reheated Coarse-grain Heat Effected Zone of Two Type X80 Grade Pipeline Steel (2012)

The impact toughness of intercritically reheated coarse-gain heat-effected zone (ICCGHAZ) of ordinary X80 pipeline steel and X80 pipeline steel with excellent deformability with (Bainite +Ferrite) dual-phase microstructure was studied by means of thermal simulation technique, microscopic analysis method and impact toughness testing, especially discussed the embrittlement mechanism of impact toughness and microstructure of ICCGHAZ. The result indicate that impact toughness of the pipeline steel with excellent deformability and the ordinary pipeline steel have the same variation in different welding second thermal cycle peak temperature conditions. When the second peak temperature was in two phase (α+γ) temperature range, ordinary X80 pipeline steel and X80 pipeline steel with excellent deformability all show local embrittlement of ICCGHAZ. The local embrittlement in critical coarse grained region was caused mostly by grains growth and the increase in the number and size of Martensite/Austenite-constituent (M/A).
An SDN/NFV Platform for Personal Cloud Services (2017)

In the last few years, network “softwarization” is gaining increasing popularity to achieve dynamicity and flexibility. Cloud computing, as well as the new paradigms of software defined networking (SDN) and network functions virtualization (NFV), are supporting this evolution. However, the need to move services closer to users to guarantee low latency in the service fruition on one hand, and the trend to support personalization of services on the other, are stimulating the migration of services toward edge nodes (in the so-called “fog computing” fashion). This is the target of the INPUT platform, proposed in the INPUT project to support future Internet personal cloud services in a more scalable and sustainable way, and with innovative added-value capabilities. The INPUT platform enables next-generation cloud applications to go beyond classical service models, and even replaces physical smart devices, usually placed in users' homes (e.g., set-top-boxes, etc.), with virtual entities, providing them to users “as a Service.” In this paper, we present the INPUT paradigm and discuss a relevant use case-namely, the virtual set-top-box-adopted to prove the feasibility of the softwarized SDN/NFV paradigm jointly with the fog-computing approach for the support of personal cloud services. The INPUT platform is also compared with a legacy approach to evaluate the gain in terms of quality of experience for both static and mobile users.
Consistent integration and propagation of disparate sensor observations (1986)

We present a theory and methodology for integrating and propagating geometric sensor observations. The integration policy takes any number of disparate, partial and uncertain observations and optimaly combines them into a minimum-risk best estimate consensus view of the state of the environment. These consensus observations are considered to be integrated into a geometric model of the world. A methodology is developed that propagates new observations through this world model, maintaining consistency amongst objects and making maximum use of sensor information.
The Diversity of Left Ventricular Responses to Isoproterenol and Dibutyryl Cyclic AMP Infusion in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy. (1995)

Sixteen patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were studied to define the abnormality of the beta-adrenergic pathway non-invasively, using echocardiographic left ventricular responses to isoproterenol (ISP; 0.02 microgram/kg/min) and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBcAMP; 0.1 mg/kg/min) infusion. The increase in fractional shortening induced by ISP (delta FS-ISP) was 9 +/- 6% and that by DBcAMP (delta FS-DBcAMP) was 7 +/- 3%. The patients could be divided into three groups according to their left ventricular response to each agent: Group A; normal response to ISP (delta FS-ISP > or = 11%), Group B-1; poor response to ISP but better response to DBcAMP (delta FS-ISP < 11%, delta FS-DBcAMP > or = 7%; damage to beta-receptors), and Group B-2; poor response to ISP and DBcAMP (delta FS-ISP < 11%, delta FS-DBcAMP < 7%; damage including post receptor levels). Seven patients were in Group A, four in Group B-1, and five in Group B-2. DCM patients had a diversity of left ventricular responses to ISP and DBcAMP, according to the site of damage in the beta-adrenergic pathway.
Enhanced Cross-Phase Modulation Based on a Double Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in a Four-Level Tripod Atomic System (2008)

We report experimental observations on the simultaneous electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effects for probe and trigger fields (double EIT) as well as the enhanced cross-phase modulation (XPM) between the two fields in a four-level tripod EIT system of the D1 line of 87Rb atoms. The XPM coefficients (larger than 2 x 10(-5) cm2/W) and the accompanying transmissions (higher than 60%) are measured at a slight detuning of the probe field from the exact EIT-resonance condition. The system and enhanced cross-Kerr nonlinearities presented here can be applied to quantum information processes.