gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Copies convergence in a distributed real-time collaborative environment (2000)

In real-time collaborative systems, replicated objects, shared by users, are subject to concurrency constraints. In order to satisfy these, various algorithms, qualified as op?timistic, [3, 5, 13, 17, 14, 15, 18], have been proposed that exploit the semantic properties of operations to serialize concurrent operations and achieve copy con?vergence of replicated objects. Their drawback is that they either re?quire a condition on user's operations which is hard to verify when possible to ensure, or they need undo?ing then redoing operations in some situations. The main purpose of this paper is to present two new algorithms that over?come these drawbacks. They are based upon the imple?mentation of a continuous global order which enables that condition to be released, and simplifies the operation inte?gration process. In the second algorithm, thanks to de?ferred broadcast of operations to other sites, this process becomes even more simplified.
Genotypic diversity among<i>Bacillus licheniformis</i>strains from various sources (2004)

Bacillus licheniformis is exploited industrially for the production of enzymes and has been shown to exhibit pathogenic properties. Because of these divergent characteristics, questions arise concerning intraspecies diversity. A comparative study by means of combined repetitive polymerase chain reaction, rpoB and gyrA sequencing, 16S rDNA targeted probe analysis, DNA-DNA hybridizations, gelatinase tests and antibiotic susceptibility tests was performed on a set of strains from diverse sources, including strains with pathogenic potential. B. licheniformis was found to consist of two lineages that are distinguished genotypically.
Why do good (2006)

The author examines the questions of why individuals behave the way they do and if there is a natural impulse to do good. This article discusses such issues as whether an individual, pursuing his or her own self-interest, can improve the general welfare and whether people have an innate intuition that leads them to do good. In coming to the conclusion that the pursuit of self-interest can produce a lot of good if it is balanced with a bit of societal guidance, the author brings to light issues of corporate governance, performance pay, legal and monetary incentives, and other forms of regulation. It is in these arenas, the author points out, that intuition, rather than a more empirical approach, can best be put to good use. He argues that intuition has been lacking from the more utilitarian view of economics and management and that, generally speaking, a blend of both approaches is optimal.
A Pilot Study of Preoperative Single-Dose Ipilimumab and/or Cryoablation in Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer with Comprehensive Immune Profiling (2016)

Preoperative cryoablation and single-dose ipilimumab are safe alone or in combination with no surgical delays incurred. Potentially favorable intratumoral and systemic immunologic effects were observed with the combination, suggesting the possibility for induced and synergistic antitumor immunity with this strategy. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5729-37. ©2016 AACR.
RECLAMATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED BY SODIUM CHLORIDE (1982)

Soil samples contaminated in the laboratory with a NaCl solution were leached with water after various amendments had been added. With no amendments added, percolation rates were reduced more on a light-textured Dark Brown Chernozemic A than on a medium-textured Black Chernozemic A. Undisturbed B horizon cores showed a smaller decrease in percolation rate than the A horizons, but natural gypsum or carbonates were of no benefit in maintaining percolation through the unamended contaminated subsoils. Percolation generally increased as more Ca-amendment was added to the contaminated A horizons, but rate of (surface-applied) amendment had no effect on the percolation through the B horizon cores. Gypsum mixed into the contaminated soil was much more effective than gypsum applied on the surface; adding NH 4 NO 3 to the gypsum had no effect. The efficiency of incorporated amendments decreased in the order: gypsum > MgSO 4 > Ca(NO 3 ) 2 . Surface-applied Ca(NO 3 ) 2 was a better amendment than mixed-in Ca(NO 3 ) 2 . Caching losses decreased in the order: Cl > Na > Mg > Ca > K. Initial losses of Cl, Na, Mg and Ca were faster than expected from the rule of thumb that one pore volume of water reduces the salt content by about one-half. Subsequently, losses were much slower than in the rule of thumb as most of the remaining cations are in exchangeable form.
E unibus pluram (2010)

We contend that the time has come to revisit the idea of software diversity for defense purposes. Four fundamental paradigm shifts that have occurred in the past decade now make it viable to distribute a unique version of every program to every user. We outline a practical approach for providing compiler-generated software diversity on a massive scale. It is based on an "App Store" containing a diversification engine (a "multicompiler") that automatically generates a unique, but functionally identical version of every program each time that a downloader requests it. All the different versions of the same program behave in exactly the same way from the perspective of the end-user, but they implement their functionality in subtly different ways. As a result, any specific attack will succeed only on a small fraction of targets. An attacker would require a large number of different attacks and would have no way of knowing a priori which specific attack will succeed on which specific target. Hence, the cost to the attacker is raised dramatically.
Elevated first-trimester serum relaxin concentrations in pregnant women following ovarian stimulation predict prematurity risk and preterm delivery. (1993)

These data demonstrate that after ovarian stimulation, some women have highly elevated circulating first-trimester relaxin concentrations. First-trimester hyperrelaxinemia identifies a group of women at risk for prematurity who can be monitored aggressively.
Generic YANG Data Model for Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) (2015)

This document presents base YANG Data model for OAM. It provides a
protocol-independent and technology-independent abstraction of key OAM
constructs. Based model presented here can be extended to include
technology specific details. This is leading to uniformity between OAM
technologies and support nested OAM workflows (i.e., performing OAM
functions at different layers through a unified interface).
ADR in a Civil Action (2006)

hile there may be a dearth of ADR portrayed in recent fiction and nonfiction, it is not hard to imagine scenarios in which ADR could have drastically altered the stories we read.Jonathan Harr's book A Civil Action is just one example where wise counsel grounded in problem-solving approaches may have made for a happier ending for everyone involved.Harr's book and the movie it inspired made Anderson v. WR.Grace Co. and Beatrice Foods, Inc. one of the most visible civil cases of the past several decades.The litigation pitted 33 individual plaintiffs against large corporations.The plaintiffs alleged that by contaminating the local public water supply the defendants were responsible for the deaths of five children and for serious injuries and illnesses suffered by many other people.After following a notoriously tortured course that included enormously expensive discovery and motion work, and a fractured, frustrating, highly publicized trial that was followed by visits to the court of appeals, the matter slid over a period of years toward a settlement that satisfied no one and did no real good.Even though most of the action in A Civil Action took place in the earlyand mid-1980s, before the explosion of litigant interest in ADR that we have seen over the past 15 years, the lead plaintiff's lawyer, Jan Schlictmann, had learned something about minitrials and was interested in pursuing settlement.His famously clumsy effort at ADR backfired.Neither he nor his opponents thought to involve a mediator or any kind of neutral facilitator.He did not work with opposing counsel in advance of the session to jointly determine how the proceedings might be structured most constructively.Nor did he prepare the other lawyers to
Unsuspected control of siderophore production by <i>N</i> ‐acetylglucosamine in streptomycetes (2012)

Iron is one of the most abundant elements on earth but is found in poorly soluble forms hardly accessible to microorganisms. To subsist, they have developed iron-chelating molecules called siderophores that capture this element in the environment and the resulting complexes are internalized by specific uptake systems. While biosynthesis of siderophores in many bacteria is regulated by iron availability and oxidative stress, we describe here a new type of regulation of siderophore production. We show that in Streptomyces coelicolor, their production is also controlled by N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) via the direct transcriptional repression of the iron utilization repressor dmdR1 by DasR, the GlcNAc utilization regulator. This regulatory nutrient-metal relationship is conserved among streptomycetes, which indicates that the link between GlcNAc utilization and iron uptake repression, however unsuspected, is the consequence of a successful evolutionary process. We describe here the molecular basis of a novel inhibitory mechanism of siderophore production that is independent of iron availability. We speculate that the regulatory connection between GlcNAc and siderophores might be associated with the competition for iron between streptomycetes and their fungal soil competitors, whose cell walls are built from the GlcNAc-containing polymer chitin. Alternatively, GlcNAc could emanate from streptomycetes' own peptidoglycan that goes through intense remodelling throughout their life cycle, thereby modulating the iron supply according to specific needs at different stages of their developmental programme.
Characterizing Multi-Agent Team Behavior from Partial Team Tracings: Evidence from the English Premier League (2021)

Real-world AI systems have been recently deployed which can automatically analyze the plan and tactics of tennis players. As the game-state is updated regularly at short intervals (i.e. point-level), a library of successful and unsuccessful plans of a player can be learnt over time. Given the relative strengths and weaknesses of a player’s plans, a set of proven plans or tactics from the library that characterize a player can be identified. For low-scoring, continuous team sports like soccer, such analysis for multi-agent teams does not exist as the game is not segmented into “discretized” plays (i.e. plans), making it difficult to obtain a library that characterizes a team’s behavior. Additionally, as player tracking data is costly and difficult to obtain, we only have partial team tracings in the form of ball actions which makes this problem even more difficult. In this paper, we propose a method to overcome these issues by representing team behavior via play-segments, which are spatio-temporal descriptions of ball movement over fixed windows of time. Using these representations we can characterize team behavior from entropy maps, which give a measure of predictability of team behaviors across the field. We show the efficacy and applicability of our method on the 2010-2011 English Premier League soccer data.
Breakthrough of Reform (2016)

Under the guidance of the opening-up concept,promoting a new round of openingup initiatives,growing a free trade zone network and developing the strategy implementation of China’s free trade zone is a great mission and also a significant breakthrough for the current opening-up policy,said Chen Wenling,Chief Economist of CCIEE(China Center for International Economic Exchange)recently.
Timing of Economic Growth and Regime Characteristics in Latin America (1975)

ResearchGate See discussions, stats, and autho rofiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgatenet/p 'cation/277374228 Timing of Economic Growth and Regime Characteristics in Latin America Article Comparative Politics - April 1975 DOI: 10.2307/421223 CITATIONS READS 9 4 1 author: David Collier University ofCalifornia, Ber... 64 PUBLICATIONS 3,958 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: David Collier Retrieved on: 26 July 2016
Electron Donor−Bridge−Acceptor Molecules with Bridging Nitronyl Nitroxide Radicals:  Influence of a Third Spin on Charge- and Spin-Transfer Dynamics (2006)

Appending a stable radical to the bridge molecule in a donor-bridge-acceptor system (D-B-A) is potentially an important way to control charge- and spin-transfer dynamics through D-B-A. We have attached a nitronyl nitroxide (NN*) stable radical to a D-B-A system having well-defined distances between the components: MeOAn-6ANI-Ph(NN*)-NI, where MeOAn = p-methoxyaniline, 6ANI = 4-(N-piperidinyl)naphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide, Ph = phenyl, and NI = naphthalene-1,8:4,5-bis(dicarboximide). MeOAn-6ANI, NN*, and NI are attached to the 1, 3, and 5 positions of the Ph bridge. Using both time-resolved optical and EPR spectroscopy, we show that NN* influences the spin dynamics of the photogenerated triradical states (2,4)(MeOAn(+)*-6ANI-Ph(NN*)-NI(-)*), resulting in slower charge recombination within the triradical compared to the corresponding biradical lacking NN*. The observed spin-spin exchange interaction between the photogenerated radicals MeOAn(+)(*) and NI(-)(*) is not altered by the presence of NN*, which only accelerates radical pair intersystem crossing. Charge recombination within the triradical results in the formation of (2,4)(MeOAn-6ANI-Ph(NN*)-(3)NI), in which NN* is strongly spin-polarized. Normally, the spin dynamics of correlated radical pairs do not produce a net spin polarization; however, net spin polarization appears on NN* with the same time constant as describes the photogenerated radical ion pair decay. This effect is attributed to antiferromagnetic coupling between NN* and the local triplet state (3)NI, which is populated following charge recombination. This requires an effective switch in the spin basis set between the triradical and the three-spin charge recombination product having both NN* and (3)NI present.
Molecular and functional analysis ofSUMF1 mutations in multiple sulfatase deficiency (2004)

Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is a rare disorder characterized by impaired activity of all known sulfatases. The gene mutated in this disease is SUMF1, which encodes a protein involved in a post-translational modification at the catalytic site of all sulfatases that is necessary for their function. SUMF1 strongly enhances the activity of sulfatases when coexpressed with sulfatase in Cos-7 cells. We performed a mutational analysis of SUMF1 in 20 MSD patients of different ethnic origin. The clinical presentation of these patients was variable, ranging from severe neonatal forms to mild phenotypes showing mild neurological involvement. A total of 22 SUMF1 mutations were identified, including missense, nonsense, microdeletion, and splicing mutations. We expressed all missense mutations in culture to study their ability to enhance the activity of sulfatases. Of the predicted amino acid changes, 11 (p.R349W, p.R224W, p.L20F, p.A348P, p.S155P, p.C218Y, p.N259I, p.A279V, p.R349Q, p.C336R, p.A177P) resulted in severely impaired sulfatase-enhancing activity. Two (p.R345C and p.P266L) showed a high residual activity on some, but not all, of the nine sulfatases tested, suggesting that some SUMF1 mutations may have variable effects on the activity of each sulfatase. This study compares, for the first time, clinical, biochemical, and molecular data in MSD patients. Our results show lack of a direct correlation between the type of molecular defect and the severity of phenotype.
Optical Transceiver employing an RSOA with Feed-Forward Current Injection (2007)

We propose an optical transceiver employing an RSOA of which gain is controlled by feed-forward current. With a low injection power below the gain saturation, the improved remodulation is clearly demonstrated at 1.25-Gb/s data rate.
Contingency fault levels in the electric power grid system of Botswana (2003)

The topography of the power system network keeps on changing as the economy of a nation grows and it's power consumption increases. If relays must discriminate adequately between tolerable overload condition and fault condition, the power utility company must carry out a thorough short circuit study of the system periodically so as to ensure an effective relaying and switching system. A computer software, POSCODAM (Power Systems Computing and Data Management), is applied to determine the contingency fault levels in the Electric Power Grid Network of Botswana. The application of the computer software enables the load flow and the contingency levels to be determined directly, using current data from the grid system without resorting to reduction of the network The results could be of use to the engineers of the Electric Power Utility Company of Botswana.
The Transmembrane Domain Sequence Affects the Structure and Function of the Newcastle Disease Virus Fusion Protein (2011)

The role of specific sequences in the transmembrane (TM) domain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) fusion (F) protein in the structure and function of this protein was assessed by replacing this domain with the F protein TM domains from two other paramyxoviruses, Sendai virus (SV) and measles virus (MV), or the TM domain of the unrelated glycoprotein (G) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). Mutant proteins with the SV or MV F protein TM domains were expressed, transported to cell surfaces, and proteolytically cleaved at levels comparable to that of the wild-type protein, while mutant proteins with the VSV G protein TM domain were less efficiently expressed on cell surfaces and proteolytically cleaved. All mutant proteins were defective in all steps of membrane fusion, including hemifusion. In contrast to the wild-type protein, the mutant proteins did not form detectable complexes with the NDV hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein. As determined by binding of conformation-sensitive antibodies, the conformations of the ectodomains of the mutant proteins were altered. These results show that the specific sequence of the TM domain of the NDV F protein is important for the conformation of the preactivation form of the ectodomain, the interactions of the protein with HN protein, and fusion activity.
Quadtree-structured recursive plane decomposition coding of images (1991)

The approximation of two-dimensional highly correlated grey value functions can be performed using a linear model of the type f(x, y)=a+bx+cy. The set of plane parameters (PPs) (a, b, c) can be determined in the least squares sense for a block of size N*N pixels, for example. Starting with a block size of 2*2 pixels, it is shown that the PPs obey a recursive law such that the PPs of a 2N*2N block can be computed recursively when only the PPs of the four adjacent subblocks of size N*N in the lower decomposition level are known. This concept of recursive plane decomposition (RPD) is embedded in a quadtree data structure to obtain a new variable block size image coding algorithm that offers a high performance at a low computational cost. Extensive comparisons to other state-of-the-art image coding algorithms are reported.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The Relationship between Serum Levels of Interleukins 6, 8, 10 and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (2015)

Increased serum levels of interleukins 6 and 8 as a predictive marker might be associated with unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with severe TBI.
Mass spectrometry based tools to investigate protein–ligand interactions for drug discovery (2012)

The initial stages of drug discovery are increasingly reliant on development and improvement of analytical methods to investigate protein-protein and protein-ligand interactions. For over 20 years, mass spectrometry (MS) has been recognized as providing a fast, sensitive and high-throughput methodology for analysis of weak non-covalent complexes. Careful control of electrospray ionization conditions has enabled investigation of the structure, stability and interactions of proteins and peptides in a solvent free environment. This critical review covers the use of mass spectrometry for kinetic, dynamic and structural studies of proteins and protein complexes. We discuss how conjunction of mass spectrometry with related techniques and methodologies such as ion mobility, hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX), protein footprinting or chemical cross-linking can provide us with structural information useful for drug development. Along with other biophysical techniques, such as NMR or X-ray crystallography, mass spectrometry provides a powerful toolbox for investigation of biological problems of medical relevance (204 references).
“ <i>Candidatus</i> Cloacamonas Acidaminovorans”: Genome Sequence Reconstruction Provides a First Glimpse of a New Bacterial Division (2008)

Many microorganisms live in anaerobic environments. Most of these microorganisms have not yet been cultivated. Here, we present, from a metagenomic analysis of an anaerobic digester of a municipal wastewater treatment plant, a reconstruction of the complete genome of a bacterium belonging to the WWE1 candidate division. In silico proteome analysis indicated that this bacterium might derive most of its carbon and energy from the fermentation of amino acids, and hence, it was provisionally classified as "Candidatus Cloacamonas acidaminovorans." "Candidatus Cloacamonas acidaminovorans" is probably a syntrophic bacterium that is present in many anaerobic digesters. This report highlights how environmental sequence data might provide genomic and functional information about a new bacterial clade whose members are involved in anaerobic digestion.
Comprehensive Analysis of the Unfolded Protein Response in Breast Cancer Subtypes (2017)

These findings clarify the relevance of the UPR pathways in different breast cancer subtypes and underscore the potential therapeutic importance of the IRE1α-XBP1 branch in breast cancer treatment.
CCACK: Efficient Network Coding Based Opportunistic Routing Through Cumulative Coded Acknowledgments (2010)

The use of random linear network coding (NC) has significantly simplified the design of opportunistic routing (OR) protocols by removing the need of coordination among forwarding nodes for avoiding duplicate transmissions. However, NC-based OR protocols face a new challenge: How many coded packets should each forwarder transmit? To avoid the overhead of feedback exchange, most practical existing NC-based OR protocols compute offline the expected number of transmissions for each forwarder using heuristics based on periodic measurements of the average link loss rates and the ETX metric. Although attractive due to their minimal coordination overhead, these approaches may suffer significant performance degradation in dynamic wireless environments with continuously changing levels of channel gains, interference, and background traffic. In this paper, we propose CCACK, a new efficient NC-based OR protocol. CCACK exploits a novel Cumulative Coded ACKnowledgment scheme that allows nodes to acknowledge network coded traffic to their upstream nodes in a simple way, oblivious to loss rates, and with practically zero overhead. In addition, the cumulative coded acknowledgment scheme in CCACK enables an efficient credit-based, rate control algorithm. Our evaluation shows that, compared to MORE, a state-of-the-art NC-based OR protocol, CCACK improves both throughput and fairness, by up to 20× and 124%, respectively, with average improvements of 45% and 8.8%, respectively.