gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Microbial conversion of anthracyclinones to daunomycin by blocked mutants of Streptomyces coeruleorubidus. (1980)

Baumycin-negative mutants of Streptomyces coeruleorubidus ME130-A4 do not convert daunomycinone to daunomycin and baumycins. They biosynthesize daunomycin from aklavinone and epsilon-rhodomycinone, indicating the glycosidation of the aglycone before the synthesis of daunomycinone. The biosynthetic pathway from epsilon-rhodomycinone to daunomycin was further confirmed by studying the bioconversion of anthracyclinones and anthracyclines, which are presumed to be intermediates.
Sequence analysis of the 47-kilodalton major integral membrane immunogen of Treponema pallidum (1989)

The complete primary amino acid sequence for the 47-kilodalton (kDa) major integral membrane immunogen of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum was obtained by using a combined strategy of DNA sequencing (of the cloned gene in Escherichia coli) and N-terminal amino acid sequencing of the native (T. pallidum subsp. pallidum-derived) antigen. An open reading frame believed to encode the 47-kDa antigen comprised 367 amino acid codons, which gave rise to a calculated molecular weight for the corresponding antigen of 40,701. Of the 367 amino acids, 113 (31%) were sequenced by N-terminal amino acid sequencing of trypsin and hydroxylamine cleavage fragments of the native molecule isolated from T. pallidum subsp. pallidum; amino acid sequence data had a 100% correlation with that of the amino acid sequence predicted from DNA sequencing of the cloned gene in E. coli. Although no consensus sequences for the initiation of transcription or translation were readily identifiable immediately 5' to the putative methionine start codon, a 63-base-pair PstI fragment located 159 nucleotides upstream was required for expression of the 47-kDa antigen in E. coli. The 47-kDa antigen sequence did not reveal a typical leader sequence. The overall G+C content for the DNA corresponding to the structural gene was 53%. Hydrophilicity analysis identified at least one major hydrophilic domain of the protein near the N terminus of the molecule which potentially represents an immunodominant epitope. No repetitive primary sequence epitopes were found. The combined data provide the molecular basis for further structural and functional studies regarding the role of the antigen in the immunopathogenesis of treponemal disease.
DNA probes specific for Entamoeba histolytica possessing pathogenic and nonpathogenic zymodemes (1989)

A number of DNA probes which hybridize to highly abundant DNA sequences of Entamoeba histolytica were developed. Variations in the hybridization patterns of different E. histolytica strains were detected with selected probes. Four types of restriction fragment length patterns were obtained. Of these, the first class belonged to E. invadens and E. histolytica-like var. Laredo. The next two classes consisted of various strains of E. histolytica which were originally isolated from symptomatic patients and possessed pathogenic patterns of isoenzymes (zymodemes), whereas the fourth group contained E. histolytica strains with nonpathogenic zymodemes obtained from asymptomatic carriers. DNA probes, based on DNA sequences specific to E. histolytica isolates with pathogenic and nonpathogenic zymodemes were isolated, and their nucleotide sequences were determined. These probes (P145 and B133) hybridized selectively to DNA of isolates possessing either pathogenic or nonpathogenic isoenzyme patterns. The newly developed probes could be useful for diagnostic purposes and could serve as tools to investigate the molecular basis of pathogenicity and the genetic mechanisms which regulate the variable aggressive behavior of the parasite.
Indirect VLIW memory allocation for the ManArray multiprocessor DSP (2003)

The indirect very long instruction word (iVLIW) architecture and its implementation on the BOPS ManArray family of multiprocessor digital signal processors (DSP) provides a scalable alternative to the wide instruction busses usually required in a multiprocessor VLIW DSP. The ManArray processors indirectly access VLIWs from small caches of VLIWs localized in each processing element. With this work, we present an algorithm to perform 1) iVLIW instruction memory allocation on multiple processing elements to minimize instruction memory requirements and 2) scheduling of the iVLIW setup instructions to minimize execution overhead. We present preliminary experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Wavefront sensing using near-field diffraction effects (2004)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text L. Horwitz, "Wavefront sensing using near-field diffraction effects," in Frontiers in Optics 2004/Laser Science XXII/Diffractive Optics and Micro-Optics/Optical Fabrication and Testing, OSA Technical Digest Series (Optica Publishing Group, 2004), paper FTuQ5. Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Nanopatterned graphene based long wavelength infrared detectors at room temperature (2021)

Due to the high cost and requirement for cryogenic cooling of Mercury Cadmium Telluride (MCT) detectors, there is a growing demand for cheap Long Wavelength Infrared (LWIR) detectors at room temperature. Graphene has shown great potential yet suffers from a low absorption (<3%) in the LWIR ranges. In this presentation, we demonstrate the asymmetric plasmon-assisted hot carrier generation and Seebeck photodetection in nano-patterned Graphene with an enhanced absorption (>60%). This novel Graphene photodetector exhibits a remarkable responsivity of 2900 VW-1, detectivity of 1.1 x 109 Jones with a fast response of 100ns in 8-12 μm band at room temperature.
Hybrid control of a gasoline direct injection engine (2003)

This paper describes an automotive control problem where switching is an essential feature of the operation of a direct injection spark ignition engine. The engine operates in two distinct combustion modes with different emissions and torque characteristics: the homogeneous mode and the stratified mode. The control system must be capable of changing the combustion mode and the air-to-fuel ratio of the engine rapidly and without any noticeable torque disturbance to the driver. A hybrid control scheme is described in this paper to control the mode transitions in this engine and its operation is illustrated with simulations on a mean-value model of the engine.
<title>Linear Echelon Refractor/Reflector Solar Concentrators</title> (1978)

This paper describes some new configurations for linear incremental or Fresnel refractors and reflectors for solar energy concentration. The first system, a reflex type lens, uses crossed linear echelon elements and has convergence power in two dimensions. This refractor/reflector concentrates solar radiation to a spot focus. Large area solar concentrators can be sectionally constructed to provide high power solar flux concentration. The second type of echelon reflector forms a linear focus of incident solar radiation. The reflector is selectively tilted with respect to incoming solar radiation, such that the design eliminates all riser step blockage of radiation at the reflecting echelons. This results in a higher efficiency concentrator than is achievable with a normally oriented linear focus concentrator. Design parameters and a ray trace analysis are presented for both concentrator systems.
Synthetic Data Generation Through Statistical Explosion: Improving Classification Accuracy of Coronary Artery Disease Using PPG (2020)

Synthetic data generation has recently emerged as a substitution technique for handling the problem of bulk data needed in training machine learning algorithms. Healthcare, primarily cardiovascular domain is a major area where synthetic physiological data can be used improve accuracy of machine learning algorithm. This paper presents a novel approach of generating synthetic Photoplethysmogram (PPG) data using statistical explosion. Synthetic data is subsequently used to classify Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) using a two stage cascaded classifier. Proposed classifier along with synthetic data removes class bias and provides better accuracy compared to state of art. The proposed data generation and cascaded classifier is generic enough to be used to improve machine learning algorithm on any time series signal.
JUXTACRINE STIMULATION OF NORMAL AND MALIGNANT HUMAN BLADDER EPITHELIAL CELL PROLIFERATION (2002)

We developed a method for culturing normal and malignant human bladder epithelial cells for many generations.Cells from bladder washes or surgical specimens were plated in culture with lethally irradiated cells of the LA7 rat mammary tumor line (American Type Culture Collection, Bethesda, Maryland) at a confluent density and fed regularly. After cells from surgical specimens became confluent they were diluted and subcultured with fresh irradiated LA7 cells. The growth rate was measured by cell counts and cell sorter analysis. Expression of intermediate filaments was determined by immunocytochemical testing.All 5 normal and 3 of the 4 tumor specimens developed into long-term cell strains. A single normal strain was carried through passage 11, amounting to 37 cell doublings. Cell numbers doubled in 2 days in medium with 0.5% serum and in 5.6 days in 5% serum. Plating efficiency was almost 100% and cloning efficiency was approximately 9%. LA7 conditioned medium did not stimulate bladder cell proliferation. Two tumor strains were carried through passage 9, amounting to 20 and 27 doublings, respectively. No cell strains expressed signs of senescence at culture termination. Normal and tumor strains expressed keratins 7, 10, 11, 18 and 19, and ZO1 tight junction protein but not vimentin or keratin 14. Umbrella cells comprised the uppermost cell layer in cultures from normal bladder.LA7 feeder cells stimulate human bladder cell proliferation for many generations in culture by a juxtacrine mechanism and promote the expression of differentiated traits.
Diffractive Optics for Particle Velocimetry and Sizing (2002)

Beam-shaping diffractive optical elements are used to create structured light patterns in fluid flows. Particle scattering results in detected signals that can be used to determine the particle velocity and size.
Monitoring Solid Particle Deposition in Lossy Medium Using Planar Resonator Sensor (2017)

A very high-resolution, microwave microstrip-based planar resonator sensor is analyzed and presented for non-contact material sensing. The proposed sensor is an active feedback loop-assisted planar microwave resonator with an initial quality factor of 230, operating at 1.5 GHz. The active feedback loop compensates for the loss and power dissipation in the passive structure and increases the quality factor by several orders of magnitudes. The quality factor of the sensor is adjustable via the gain of the active device and relates exponentially to the bias voltage of the transistor. The resolution of the microwave device for permittivity sensing increases as the quality factor improves, which enables the user to take very precise measurements in different environments. The non-contact sensing distance from the sample can also be increased effectively because of the improvement in the quality factor and resolution. The potential use of the proposed device for the distance and location detection of a target sample in different environments of air, water, and sand, is also investigated.
Emulating anisotropy to form novel low cost printed metamaterial antennas (2007)

Summary form only given: Simply speaking, metamaterials and periodic textures, in general, have allowed for more design degrees of freedom. Specifically, periodic media have allowed for the introduction of many more modes exhibiting different velocity and impedance characteristics. These new modes also allow for concurrent impedance matching and wave slow down for miniaturization or higher sensitivity. Such modes have been carefully examined by our group in the context of magnetic and non-magnetic photonic crystals as well as degenerate band edge crystals. We found that unit cells of these crystals can be represented by equivalent homogenized multilayered anisotropic media. That is each unit cell layer is associated with 3 (instead of one) unique permittivity tensor entries and 3 additional permeability entries for magnetic layers. These additional 2 or 4 degrees of freedoms have allow for substantial design flexibility and mode molding. Of importance is that such layer anisotropy can be realized using a pair of printed transmission lines arranged in close proximity. The voltages at each line can be thought as referring to a vector field component of the unit cell. Controlled coupling between these two lines then generates controlled anisotropy. Modes by design can then be realized and supported on the transmission line pair which can be implemented with great ease and low cost. Further, lumped elements can be printed and integrated within the lines for added control of their propagation properties, bandwidth and impedance characteristics. This paper will focus on realizing controlled anisotropy for the design of miniature antenna elements and arrays with nearly perfect aperture efficiency even the array is on-planar. We will discuss mode generation and control using metamaterials, and address the perennial issue of narrow bandwidth. (1 page)
Detection of Stall Regions in a Low-Speed Axial Fan: Part II—Stall Warning by Visualisation of Sound Signals (2010)

This two-part study describes the development of a novel stall-detection methodology for low-speed axial-flow fans. Because aerodynamic stall is a major potential cause of mechanical failure in axial fans, effective stall-detection techniques have had wide application for many years. However, aerodynamic stall does not always result in mechanical failure. A sub-sonic fan can sometimes operate at low speeds in an aerodynamically stalled condition without incurring mechanical failure. To differentiate between aerodynamic stall conditions that constitute a mechanical risk and those that do not, the stalldetection methodology in the present study utilises a symmetrised dot pattern (SDP) technique that is capable of differentiating between critical and non-critical conditions. The SDP for a stall condition is different from that for a non-stall condition providing, a basis for differentiation of the two. Part I of this study presented the azimuthal experimental data which established the stall characteristics of a variablespeed fan. Part II describes a stall-warning criterion based on an SDP visual waveform analysis and developed stall-detection methodology based on that analysis. The study presents an analysis of the acoustic and structural data across the nine aerodynamic operating conditions represented in a 3 x 3 matrix combination of: (i) three speeds (full-, half-, and quarter-speed) and (ii) three operational states (stable operation, incipient stall and rotating stall). This differentiates critical stall conditions (those that will lead to mechanical failure of the fan) from noncritical ones (those that will not result in mechanical failure), thus providing a basis for an intelligent stall-detection methodology. Copyright © 2010 by ASME.
System implementation issues of dynamic discrete disaster decision simulation system (D4S2) - phase I (2007)

Simulation has many advantages in modeling complex systems to facilitate decision making. In this research, an integrated computer system will be developed which incorporates an agent-based discrete event simulator, a geographic information system, a rule base, and interactive databases in addition to interfaces and other supporting components. The modules will seamlessly communicate with each other by exchanging a progression of data, and making a series of deductive decisions through embedded algorithms. This integrated system will be applied to disaster management planning and training and is designated Dynamic Discrete Disaster Decision Simulation System (D <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ). Here we address Phase I system implementation issues of D <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sup> S <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> which is under development.
Role of kidney tissue in the production of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone and 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone. (1980)

Labeled 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone was isolated from the serum of vitamin D-repleted rats given [3 alpha-3H]-25-hydroxyvitamin D324 hr prior to sacrifice. The metabolite was identified by cochromatography with the authentic lactone on straight-phase and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Production of the lactone was abolished by nephrectomy indicating that the kidney is the site of synthesis. Homogenate of kidneys from chickens given large doses of vitamin D can carry out in vitro production of the lactone from 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. When 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 was used as substrate, this system produced only traces of a compound believed to be 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone. However, incubation of rachitic chicken kidney homogenates with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone produced substantial amounts of a compound that has been identified by mass spectrometry as 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactone. Thus, the development of a functional group on C-26 and eventual lactone formation takes place in kidney by a system acting on 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.
Low Power Single Amplifier Voltage Regulator (2014)

A self starting low power voltage regulator circuit having single amplifier for gain stage of bandgap reference and error amplifier for driver stage is proposed. The proposed circuit is well suited for low power applications as it consumes only 10uA quiescent current for a full load current of 1mA and uses only 150pF of on-chip decoupling capacitor. It is implemented in TSMC 90nm CMOS process. The line regulation is 140μV for 1.8V to 3.6V supply variation and the load regulation is 50μV for a load current variation of 10μA to 1mA. Detailed simulation and silicon results show the proposed voltage regulator circuit's functionality.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Soybean Oil-Based Polymers and Their Application in Coatings Cured by Autoxidation (2014)

A novel plant oil-based polymer technology was developed that enables the production of poly(vinyl ether)s with fatty acid ester side chains. Vinyl ether monomers were produced using base-catalyzed transesterification of a vinyl ether alcohol, such as 2-(vinyloxy)ethanol, with either a plant oil triglyceride or an alkyl ester of plant oil-derived fatty acids. The carbocationic polymerization system developed for the vinyl ether monomers results in a living polymerization and the preservation of unsaturation derived from the plant oil. Compared to plant oil triglycerides, this polymer technology provides multiple advantages for industrial applications, such as paints and coatings. First, for polymers derived from unsaturated plant oils, the number of double bonds per molecule is dramatically higher than that of the parent plant oil. This feature enables much faster curing by autoxidation. Second, copolymerization can be utilized to tailor polymer properties for a specific application. Copolymerization has been used to increase polymer glass transition temperature and to produce surface-active amphiphilic polymers. Third, the living polymerization achieved with the carbocationic polymerization process results in precise control of polymer molecular weight, narrow molecular weight distributions, and the production of unique polymer architectures, such as A-B-A triblock copolymers. In addition to carbocationic polymerization, free-radical polymerization was used to produce copolymers of plant oil-based vinyl ether monomers with select vinyl-functional comonomers possessing relatively strongly electron withdrawing substituents attached to the double bond. This chapter provides an overview of soybean oil-based polymers produced with the technology and the application of the polymers as coating resins curable by autoxidation.
Audio Quality Determination Based on Perceptual Measurement Techniques (2005)

A new, perceptual, approach to determine audio quality is discussed. The method does not characterize the audio system under test but characterizes the perception of the output signal of the audio system. By comparing the degraded output with the ideal (reference), using a model of the human auditory system, predictions can be made about the subjectively perceived audio quality of the system output using any input signal. A perceptual model is used to calculate the internal representations of both the degraded output and reference. A simple cognitive model interprets differences between the internal representations. The method can be used for quality assessment of wideband music codecs as well as for telephone-band (300–3400 Hz) speech codecs. The correlation between subjective and objective results is above 0.9 for a wide variety of databases derived from subjective quality evaluations of music and speech codecs. For the measurement of quality of telephone-band speech codecs a simplified method is given. This method was standardized by the International Telecommunication Union (Telecom sector) as recommendation P.861.
Broadcasting a Single Wavelength over a WDM Network (2001)

We propose and demonstrate a wavelength-division-multiplexed network in which one wavelength is used for broadcast signals, while other wavelengths are used for switched signals. A novel device-the Bragg tap-is demonstrated.
Solid Phase Synthesis of Novel Pyrrolidinedione Analogs as Potent HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors (2009)

A novel series of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors were identified from a 100 member (4R(1) x 5R(2) x 5R(3)) library of pyrrolidinedione amides. A solid-phase route was developed which facilitates the simultaneous variation at R(1), R(2), and R(3) of the pyrrolidinedione scaffold. The resulting library samples were assayed for HIV-1 integrase activity and analyzed to determine the R(1), R(2), and R(3) reagent contributions towards the activity.
HEMT-based read-out of a thickness-mode AlGaN/GaN resonator (2013)

A multi-gigahertz AlGaN/GaN resonator is introduced, where the fundamental thickness-mode resonance at 2.1 GHz is excited exhibiting a quality factor (Q) of 105. For the first time, acoustic strain in the vertical direction is excited and sensed through a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), induced at the AlGaN/GaN interface. The 2DEG sheet is used as the bottom electrode for piezoelectric actuation, as well as the transistor conduction channel for acoustic sensing. In this design, acoustic resonance is sensed by modulation of the HEMT drain current (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">D</sub> ); thus, the transistor is biased in the linear region of operation. Here, we study the dependency of the acoustic transconductance on the readout HEMT biasing and show that the read-out HEMT senses the drain current modulation only when the 2DEG channel is not pinched. To use the full potential of the HEMT intrinsic amplification, the transistor needs to be biased in the saturation region, which would require a modified RB-HEMT design.
A pulsed time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer for liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry (1988)

The design and performance of a new time-of-flight mass spectrometer is reported. The instrument combines the advantages of a pulsed drawout TOF analyzer with a liquid secondary ion source. Differences from commercially available pulsed TOF analyzers (Wiley/McLaren type) are discussed with regard to operation with ion desorption from a liquid matrix.