gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Opioid Receptors and their Ligands (2004)

This review gives a historical perspective, summarizing approximately 25 years of research on opioids. The "typical" opioid peptides produced in the brain, "atypical" opioids encrypted in milk protein or hemoglobin sequences, and extremely potent and selective opioids of amphibian origin are described. The main focus is on the structure-activity relationship studies of peptide ligands for three main opioid receptor types (micro, delta, kappa), their selectivities and pharmacological activities in vitro. Chemical modifications that led to obtaining potent and selective agonists and antagonists for these receptors are discussed.
Analytic theory of optical nanoplasmonic metamaterials (2013)

Recent advances in nanofabrication techniques allow for the manufacture of optical metamaterials, bringing their unique and extraordinary properties to the visible regime and beyond. However, an analytical description of optical nanoplasmonic metamaterials is challenging due to the characteristic optical behavior of metals. Here we present an analytical theory that allows us to bring established microwave metamaterials models to optical wavelengths. This method is implemented for nanoscaled plasmonic wire-mesh and trihelical metamaterials, and we obtain an accurate prediction for their dispersive behavior at optical and near-IR wavelengths.
Right ventricular dysfunction persists following brief right ventricular pressure overload (1997)

Acute pulmonary hypertension causes RV contractile dysfunction that persists at least 2 h after restoration of control loading conditions. Contractile dysfunction is not attributable to RV ischemia during pressure overload.
Human multipotent stromal cells attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice via secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 6 (2011)

These results show that hMSCs recapitulate the observed beneficial effects of rodent MSCs in animal models of ALI and suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of hMSCs in the lung are explained, at least in part, by activation of hMSCs to secrete TSG-6.
PP.31.20 (2015)

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the multi-year seasonal variation in home blood pressure (HBP) among hypertensive patients who were taking antihypertensive medication by applying model-based mathematical approach. Design and method: Hypertension Objective Treatment Based on Measurement by Electrical Devices of Blood Pressure (HOMED-BP) study was a randomized controlled trial to establish the long-term benefit in clinical practice based on self-measured HBP. In the present analysis, hypertensive patients with 52 or more points of weekly-averaged HBP after 1 year from randomization were chosen from the HOMED-BP database. Morning and the evening HBP were separately evaluated. Weekly-averaged systolic and diastolic HBPs were fitted into the following cosine function using nonlinear mixed effect model: HBP = HBP Variation + Other Effects + Intercept HBP Variation = (BPvar/2)•cos {(2π/Tfreq•(W − Tmax)} where BPvar is the maximum-minimum difference in HBP in one cycle of the cosine curve (mmHg), Tfreq is the time requiring one cycle of HBP variation (week), and Tmax is the time when HBP reached for the maximum point at the first time (week) as constants. W denotes the time (week) and W 1–52 means Jan 1st to Dec 31st in the year when each patient was randomized. Other effects included the 2 terms proportional to the defined daily doses (DDD) and the elapsed time from randomization in the HOMED-BP study. Intercept was a constant showing the reference point of HBP variation. Results: From 3518 patients randomized in the HOMED-BP study, 1647 and 1284 eligible patients were selected for the morning and the evening HBP analysis, respectively, and the all cosine function models converged (p < 0.0001). The systolic/diastolic maximum-minimum differences, BPvar, in the morning HBP were 6.6/2.9 mmHg, and those in the evening were 5.5/2.7 mmHg. The time when HBP reached for the maximum point, Tmax, were within 2.6–3.4 weeks. Conclusions: The cosine-curve models appropriately demonstrated the seasonal variation in HBP with 1-year cycle. The highest HBP can be observed in mid-to-late January.
Genome-wide transcriptome analyses of the ‘Knallgas’ bacterium Ralstonia eutropha H16 with regard to polyhydroxyalkanoate metabolism (2010)

Ralstonia eutropha H16 is probably the best-studied 'Knallgas' bacterium and producer of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). Genome-wide transcriptome analyses were employed to detect genes that are differentially transcribed during PHB biosynthesis. For this purpose, four transcriptomes from different growth phases of the wild-type H16 and of the two PHB-negative mutants PHB(-)4 and Delta phaC1 were compared: (i) cells from the exponential growth phase with cells that were in transition to stationary growth phase, and (ii) cells from the transition phase with cells from the stationary growth phase of R. eutropha H16, as well as (iii) cells from the transition phase of R. eutropha H16 with those from the transition phase of R. eutropha PHB(-)4 and (iv) cells from the transition phase of R. eutropha Delta phaC1 with those from the transition phase of R. eutropha PHB(-)4. Among a large number of genes exhibiting significant changes in transcription level, several genes within the functional class of lipid metabolism were detected. In strain H16, phaP3, accC2, fabZ, fabG and H16_A3307 exhibited a decreased transcription level in the stationary growth phase compared with the transition phase, whereas phaP1, H16_A3311, phaZ2 and phaZ6 were found to be induced in the stationary growth phase. Compared with PHB(-)4, we found that phaA, phaB1, paaH1, H16_A3307, phaP3, accC2 and fabG were induced in the wild-type, and phaP1, phaP4, phaZ2 and phaZ6 exhibited an elevated transcription level in PHB(-)4. In strain Delta phaC1, phaA and phaB1 were highly induced compared with PHB(-)4. Additionally, the results of this study suggest that mutant strain PHB(-)4 is defective in PHB biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism. A significant downregulation of the two cbb operons in mutant strain PHB(-)4 was observed. The putative polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase phaC2 identified in strain H16 was further investigated by several functional analyses. Mutant PHB(-)4 could be phenotypically complemented by expression of phaC2 from a plasmid; on the other hand, in the mutant H16Delta phaC1, no PHA production was observed. PhaC2 activity could not be detected in any experiment.
Concours de recrutement de professeurs des écoles Session 2009 (2010)

En 2009, 7 905 postes ont ete ouverts aux concours de recrutement de professeurs des ecoles publiques contre 11909 en 2008. 46 236 candidats se sont presentes aux epreuves, 16 326 ont ete declares admissibles et 7 728 ont ete admis. Le taux de reussite a fortement diminue cette annee: il s'etablit a 16,7 % (tous concours confondus) contre 22,6 % a la session 2008. Plus de neuf admis sur dix sont recrutes par la voie des concours externes. Parmi ceux-ci, 56,5 % sont des etudiants qui ont beneficie d'une preparation en institut universitaire de formation des maitres (IUFM). Cette preparation procure un avantage pour l'admission au concours de moins en moins important depuis 2005. Par ailleurs, les hommes qui ont toujours moins bien reussi que les femmes font jeu egal en 2009.
A NOVEL SHIELD FOR GSM 1800 MHz BAND USING FREQUENCY SELECTIVE SURFACE (2013)

This paper describes a novel FSS which functions as band stop fllter to shield the GSM 1800MHz downlink band. The FSS is designed to operate with the resonant frequency of 1820MHz which is the centre frequency for the GSM 1800MHz downlink band. The novelty is attributed to its unique geometry and the circular apertures endowed with it. The proposed geometry provides shielding efiectiveness of 20dB alongside with 133MHz bandwidth. The structure holds identical response for both TE and TM Modes of polarization. In addition, the geometry with its circular apertures, a hitherto unexplored feasibility serves the purpose of ventilation and heat dissipation. The simulated results are validated using experimental measurements.
Towards classifying full-text using recurrent neural networks (2002)

This paper describes an automatic document classification system called NeuroClass, developed for the air transportation field of Transport Canada. The properties of the system show that for the specific domain for which NeuroClass was developed, recurrent neural networks as developed by Elman (1990) can be used to build systems that classify natural language full-text automatically and reliably with a degree of accuracy proportional to the level of class adherence of the text involved.
Tailoring Thickness of Conformal Conducting Polymer Decorated Aligned Carbon Nanotube Electrodes for Energy Storage (2014)

Aligned Carbon nanotubes (A‐CNT) based electrodes have emerged as high‐performance elements in electric energy storage and conversion devices. Morphological tailoring of conformal coatings of poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conductive polymer (CP) on the A‐CNT scaffold is demonstrated by controlling CP thickness at the nm scale. Results show that the CP nano‐films dominate the electrode capacitance in a supercapacitor application, contributing as much as 10x (pseudo)capacitance over the electric double layer of pristine A‐CNT due to volumetric vs. surface charge storage. Comparison to theoretical ion mobilities shows that the conformal CP films have active sites at ∼30% doping, indicating the CP quality is similar to thin films on flat substrates and that all these sites are accessed at all CP thickness values (up to 10 nm PEDOT thickness) and do not limit the rate of ion transport in and out of the CP film volume. Supercapacitor electrodes fabricated from these novel morphology‐controlled nanostructured composites provide a new route towards high‐performance next generation energy storage devices.
Development of a three-dimensional model of the human respiratory system for dosimetric use (2013)

The model can be used for studies of sensitive populations and the homeland security community, in cases where inhalation studies on humans cannot be conducted with toxic contaminants of interest.
Multiple-input, multiple-output pass transistor logic (1995)

Abstract Techniques are presented for the design of multiple-input, multiple-output pass transistor circuits. By using shared functions as map-entered variables, dramatic reductions in transistor count can be achieved. Applied to a Viterbi decoder design for NASA, the transistor count of a CMOS integrated circuit was reduced by nearly 100000 transistors over the best previously known techniques. A proof is presented which lowers the known theoretical upper bound on transistor count for circuits with six or more input variables. The implementation of practical single-output functions of less than six input variables is also shown to benefit from these techniques.
Active Learning in the Drug Discovery Process (2001)

We investigate the following data mining problem from Computational Chemistry: From a large data set of compounds, find those that bind to a target molecule in as few iterations of biological testing as possible. In each iteration a comparatively small batch of compounds is screened for binding to the target. We apply active learning techniques for selecting the successive batches. One selection strategy picks unlabeled examples closest to the maximum margin hyperplane. Another produces many weight vectors by running perceptrons over multiple permutations of the data. Each weight vector votes with its \\Sigma prediction and we pick the unlabeled examples for whichthe prediction is most evenly split between + and \\Gamma. For a third selec-tion strategy note that each unlabeled example bisects the version space of consistent weight vectors. We estimate the volume on both sides ofthe split by bouncing a billiard through the version space and select unlabeled examples that cause the most even split of the version space. We demonstrate that on two data sets provided by DuPont Pharmaceuticals that all three selection strategies perform comparably well and aremuch better than selecting random batches for testing.
Communication Ubiquity Enables Ubiquitous Control (2018)

Handheld devices, such as cell-phones and PDAs, can be used for more than just communication. What happens when every person has a handheld that ubiquitously communicates with every appliance in the environment? As part of the Pebbles project, we are exploring technologies that allow handhelds to <em>monitor and control</em>appliances.
<title>Nonlinear estimation algorithm and its optical implementation for target tracking in clutter environment</title> (2000)

The systems such as infrared search and trackers (IRST's), forward looking infrared systems (FLIR's), sonars, and 2-D radars consist of two functional blocks; a detection unit and a tracker. The detection unit which has matched filters followed by a threshold device generates a set of multiple two-dimensional points or detects at every sampling time. For a radar or sonar, each generated detect has polar coordinates, the range and azimuth while an IRST or FLIR produces detects in cartesian coordinates. In practice, the detection unit always has a non-zero false alarm rate, and therefore, the set of detects usually contains clutter points as well as the target. In this paper, we shall present a new target tracking algorithm for clutter environment applicable to a wide range of tracking systems. More specifically, the two-dimensional tracking problem in clutter environment is solved in the discrete-time Bayes optimal (nonlinear, and non-Gaussian) estimation framework. The proposed method recursively finds the entire probability density functions of the target position and velocity. With our approach, the nonlinear estimation problem is converted into simpler linear convolution operations, which can efficiently be implemented with optical devices such as lenses, CCD's (charge coupled devices), SLM's (spatial light modulators) and films.
A solid state pulse generator (DHVG1) as a grid bias supply for the MITTON (1996)

The MITTON is a high voltage closing and opening switch. The switch is triggered into conduction by the application of a microwave pulse (1 /spl mu/s, /spl ap/13 kW peak power) to a helical slow wave structure (helix) that surrounds the switch. The microwave fields ionise the low pressure gas inside the switch. Anode fall times of 10 ns have been measured for voltages up to 16 kV. The switch is opened by a negative bias pulse (1250 ns (FWHM), /spl ap/1 kV) applied to a large area metal grid. The applied negative potential results in the formation of a positive ion sheath, at the grid, leading to a reduction in the conduction area and hence an increase in the impedance of the switch. The DHVG1 solid state pulse generator has been designed as a grid bias supply for the MITTON. The generator uses a power MOSFET as the switching element. The new solid state generator, designed and built in-house, is based on a pulse generator used as a thyratron driver for a metal hybrid laser. The two main reasons for designing the new pulse generator were to try and prevent re-closure at the end of the bias pulse by the application of a suitable DC bias, and to apply higher bias voltages to the grid in order to open the switch at higher discharge currents. Preliminary results show that by applying a DC bias of the order of -100 volts the switch will remain open for up to 30 /spl mu/s, a factor of thirty greater than had been obtained with the previous pulse generator.
Organic solvents and oils as vehicles for triclosan in mouthrinses: a clinical study (1994)

Previous experiments have shown that the nature of the detergents used in aqueous triclosan-containing mouthrinses affects the plaque-inhibiting effect of these mouthrinses, probably because of the properties of the micelles formed. It has also been shown that triclosan has a marked plaque-inhibiting effect when dissolved in pure propylene glycol. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical effect of triclosan dissolved in oils and in the pure solvents glycerol (GLY) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). A test panel of 12 volunteers rinsed with the allocated mouthrinses for 4 days in a double-blind, crossover study. Three different oils were tested: olive oil, soy oil, and sunflower seed oil, as well as PEG and GLY. Triclosan was used in a 0.3% concentration to facilitate comparison with previous studies. However, only 0.15% triclosan was added to the GLY-containing rinse (maximum soluble concentration). In addition, soy oil without triclosan was tried. The mean plaque score for water was 1.42 +/- 0.19; for olive oil, 1.08 +/- 0.34; for soy oil with triclosan, 0.95 +/- 0.35; for pure soy oil, 0.94 +/- 0.09; for sunflower seed oil, 1.19 +/- 0.19; for PEG, 1.04 +/- 0.22; and for GLY, 1.12 +/- 0.28. The results indicate that triclosan dissolved in oils loses its clinical effect. However, oils in themselves exhibit significant plaque inhibition. In vitro tests showed no antibacterial activity of triclosan dissolved in oils. Toothpastes and mouthrinses contain flavoring oils and occasionally also GLY and PEG. Such substances may well interfere with the clinical effect of triclosan in these products.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Heterogeneity in Oscillator Networks: Are Smaller Worlds Easier to Synchronize? (2003)

Small-world and scale-free networks are known to be more easily synchronized than regular lattices, which is usually attributed to the smaller network distance between oscillators. Surprisingly, we find that networks with a homogeneous distribution of connectivity are more synchronizable than heterogeneous ones, even though the average network distance is larger. We present numerical computations and analytical estimates on synchronizability of the network in terms of its heterogeneity parameters. Our results suggest that some degree of homogeneity is expected in naturally evolved structures, such as neural networks, where synchronizability is desirable.
DARI EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE MENUJU EVIDENCE BASED PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY (FROM EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE TO EVIDENCE BASED PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY) (2002)

ABSTRACT\nThe use of evidence based medicine terms now is getting more familiar among health professionals around the globe. Unfortunately, among public health policy makers and health managers especially in developing countries the use of the term is less familiar. This article is trying to introduce the importance and the meaning of evidence based medicine. The author is also trying to describe some examples of public health policies which have not been supported by strong and relevant eviÂ¬dences or at least in the decision making process have not applied the same apÂ¬proach of evidence based medicine. It is necessary, therefore, to expose readers to the evidence based public health policy. The current health care financing policy for indigent people in Indonesia is a good starting point to begin with.\nKeywords: evidence based medicine, public health policy, health care financing
Journal of Dairy Science 1989 (1990)

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Minimum mean squared error interference suppression for direct-sequence spread-spectrum code-division multiple-access (2003)

Demodulation of a direct-sequence spread-spectrum (DS/SS) code-division multiple-access (CDMA) signal in the presence of multiple-access interference is considered. The channel output is first passed through a filter matched to the chip waveform and then sampled at the chip rate. Because of the complexity and coefficient noise associated with such an adaptive filter when N is large, simpler structures with fewer adaptive components are proposed. In each case the multiple samples per symbol are combined via a trapped delay line, where the taps are selected to minimize the mean square error. It is shown that the complexity of both of these schemes are comparable, but that the first scheme is somewhat more effective in cancelling interference. Numerical results are presented for specific examples illustrating the efficacy of the proposed methods.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Curcumin down-regulates AR gene expression and activation in prostate cancer cell lines (2002)

Curcumin, traditionally used as a seasoning spice in Indian cuisine, has been reported to decrease the proliferation potential of prostate cancer cells, by a mechanism that is not fully understood. In the current study, we have evaluated the effects of curcumin in cell growth, activation of signal transduction, and transforming activities of both androgen-dependent and independent cell lines. Prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3, were treated with curcumin and its effects were further analyzed on signal transduction and expression of androgen receptor (AR) and AR-related cofactors using transient transfection assay and Western blotting. Our results show that curcumin down-regulates transactivation and expression of AR, activator protein-1 (AP-1), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), and CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein)-binding protein (CBP). Curcumin also inhibited the transforming activities of both cell lines as evidenced by the reduced colony forming ability in soft agar. The results obtained here demonstrate that curcumin has a potential therapeutic effect on prostate cancer cells through down-regulation of AR and AR-related cofactors (AP-1, NF-kappaB and CBP).
The Safety of Liposuction: Results of a National Survey (2002)

Office-based tumescent liposuction performed by dermatologic surgeons is safe, with a lower complication rate than hospital-based procedures. Future legislation should recognize the proven safety of this procedure as performed by dermatologic surgeons in their offices.
Magnetic properties of Ga doped NdFeCoB sintered magnets (1990)

The magnetic properties of Nd/sub 16/Fe/sub 77/B/sub 7/ and Nd/sub 16/Fe/sub (61-x)/Co/sub 16/Ga/sub x/B/sub 7/ (x=0, 1, 2, 4, 7) have been measured. It was found that the remanent magnetization (B/sub r/), the maximum energy product (BH)/sub max/, and the Curie temperature (T/sub C/) decrease with increasing Ga content. The coercive field (H/sub c/) increases with increasing Ga content when x is smaller than 2, but decreases when x>2. At x=2, the coercive field reaches its maximum value. It was also found in all the samples investigated that there is a linear relationship between H/sub c//sup 1/2/ and T/sup 2/3/, which cannot be explained by Gaunt's wall-barrier model. The temperature dependence of the calculated values of H/sub 0/ and (4bf) is examined.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Regulators of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (2013)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain blood homeostasis and are the functional units of bone marrow transplantation. To improve the molecular understanding of HSCs and their proximal progenitors, we performed transcriptome analysis within the context of the ImmGen Consortium data set. Gene sets that define steady-state and mobilized HSCs, as well as hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), were determined. Genes involved in transcriptional regulation, including a group of putative transcriptional repressors, were identified in multipotent progenitors and HSCs. Proximal promoter analyses combined with ImmGen module analysis identified candidate regulators of HSCs. Enforced expression of one predicted regulator, Hlf, in diverse HSPC subsets led to extensive self-renewal activity ex vivo. These analyses reveal unique insights into the mechanisms that control the core properties of HSPCs.