gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Fast algorithms for DCT-domain image downsampling and for inverse motion compensation (1997)

Straightforward techniques for spatial domain processing of compressed video via decompression and recompression are computationally expensive. We describe an alternative approach wherein the compressed stream is processed in the compressed, discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain without explicit decompression and spatial domain processing, so that the output compressed stream, corresponding to the output image, conforms to the standard syntax of 8/spl times/8 blocks. We propose computation schemes for downsampling and for inverse motion compensation that are applicable to any DCT-based compression method. Worst case estimates of computation savings vary between 37% and 50% depending on the task. For typically sparse DCT blocks, the reduction in computations is more dramatic. A by-product of the proposed approach is improvement in arithmetic precision.
Compensation of field distortion with ferromagnetic materials and permanent magnets (1994)

This paper discusses a technique for improving the homogeneity of the magnetic field in structures of permanent magnets designed for magnetic resonance imaging, achieved by inserting layers of ferromagnetic plates and permanent magnets along the cavity of the structure. The analysis of the field in the magnet is performed using a boundary integral equation method. An example of optimization of the geometry and the amount of the magnetic material is presented.
Effects of Zinc Insert and Al Content in Mg Alloy on the Bondability in Dissimilar Joints of Steel and Magnesium Alloys (2009)

The effects of zinc insert and Al content in Mg alloy on the bondability in steel/Mg alloy joints were evaluated using SEM, EDX, XRD and tensile test. A cold rolled steel plate (SPCC), a zinc coated steel (GI), Mg-3mass% Al alloy (AZ31) and Mg-6mass% Al alloy (AZ61) were used in this study. The bondability of the joints using zinc insert were significantly improved, because Zn-Mg eutectic reaction efficiently removes the oxide films on the Mg alloy. While a thin Fe-Al type interfacial reaction layer was formed discontinuously in GI/AZ31 joint, a Fe-Al and Al-Mg combined interfacial reaction layer was continuously formed in GI/AZ61 joint. These microstructural changes leads to mechanical properties of the joints, that is, the joint strength was improved from 40MPa in GI/AZ31 joint to 70MPa in GI/AZ61 joint.
Magnetically Directed Two-Dimensional Crystallization of OmpF Membrane Proteins in Block Copolymers (2015)

Two-dimensional (2D) alignment and crystallization of membrane proteins (MPs) is increasingly important in characterizing their three-dimensional (3D) structure, in designing pharmacological agents, and in leveraging MPs for biomimetic devices. Large, highly ordered MP 2D crystals in block copolymer (BCP) matrices are challenging to fabricate, but a facile and scalable technique for aligning and crystallizing MPs in thin-film geometries would rapidly translate into applications. This work introduces a novel method to grow larger and potentially better ordered 2D crystals by performing the crystallization process in the presence of a strong magnetic field. We demonstrate the efficacy of this approach using a β-barrel MP, outer membrane protein F (OmpF), in short-chain polybutadiene-poly(ethylene oxide) (PB-PEO) membranes. Crystals grown in a magnetic field were up to 5 times larger than conventionally grown crystals, and a signal-to-noise (SNR) analysis of diffraction peaks in Fourier transforms of specimens imaged by negative-stain electron microscopy (EM) and cryo-EM showed twice as many high-SNR diffraction peaks, indicating that the magnetic field also improves crystal order.
Optimized Single-Slab Three-dimensional Spin-Echo MR Imaging of the Brain (2000)

The development and optimization of spin-echo-based, single-slab, three-dimensional techniques for magnetic resonance imaging of the whole brain are described. T1-weighted and T2-weighted image sets with a volume resolution of 1 mm(3) and fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery image sets with a volume resolution of 3 mm(3) were obtained in acquisition times of less than 10 minutes per image set.
Femtosecond laser micromachining of ophthalmologic hydrogels with two photon absorption enhancement (2008)

Ophthalmologic hydrogel polymers are doped with Fluorescein or Coumarin dyes to enhance two photon absorption (TPA) during the femtosecond laser micromachining process. Consequently, micromachining speed can be significantly increased.
Importance of barrier layers in thermal diodes for energy conversion (2005)

Very high thermal to electric conversion efficiencies have been reported previously with thermal diode structures in which a thin n-type emitter layer is formed on the hot side of a thick near-intrinsic thermoelectric semiconductor. The figure of merit derived from direct measurements of electrical parameters and heat flow is increased by as much as a factor of eight. The question of what physical mechanisms are involved has been of interest since the initial observations of the effect. We have conjectured that the short-circuit current injection in these experiments is due to a second-order thermionic injection mechanism. More recently, we proposed that the open-circuit voltage comes about due to the presence of a p-type blocking layer between the emitter and the near-intrinsic bulk region. The experiments reported here show that a p-type blocking layer is required for the effect, and the dependence of conversion efficiency on the blocking layer concentration and width is studied. The results are generally consistent with calculations done so far based on a nonlocal generalized Onsager-type transport model.
Amplification and overexpression of CKS1B at chromosome band 1q21 is associated with reduced levels of p27 Kip1 and an aggressive clinical course in multiple myeloma (2005)

The molecular basis for aggressive transformation of multiple myeloma (MM) and other cancers is not completely understood. Global gene expression profiling on highly purified malignant plasma cells from 351 newly diagnosed patients with MM treated with autologous stem cell transplantation revealed a statistically significant over-representation of chromosome 1 genes in a group of 70 genes whose expression was linked to poor outcome. In particular, over-expression of CKS1B, which maps to an amplicon at 1q21 in myeloma and regulates SCF(Skp2)-mediated ubquitination and proteolysis of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 was significantly over-expressed in patients with poor survival. Interphase fluorescence in-situ hybridization revealed that CKS1B expression was strongly correlated with DNA copy number in a subset of 197 cases (P<0.0001) with both measurements. Validated in 224 patients lacking expression analysis, CKS1B gene amplification conferred a poor prognosis (P<0.0001) and was an independent predictor of outcome in multivariate analyses (P=0.002). CKS1B mRNA and protein expression were correlated and both were inversely correlated with p27(Kip1) protein levels. RNA interference of CKS1B messenger RNA in myeloma cell lines led to reduced CKS1B mRNA and protein, an accumulation of p27Kip1, and profound growth inhibition. Based on these data we conclude that over-expression of CKS1B, mainly due to gene amplification, imparts a poor prognosis in MM, possibly as a result of enhanced degradation of p27Kip1.
Experimental and Numerical Assessment of Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery in Oil-Wet Naturally Fractured Reservoirs (2015)

Summary Among various ways to extend the lifetime of mature fields, chemical enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) processes have been subject of renewed interest in the recent years. Oil-wet fractured reservoirs represent a real challenge for chemical EOR because the matrix medium does not spontaneously imbibe the aqueous solvent of chemical additives. The present paper deals with chemical EOR by use of wettability modifiers (WMs). The kinetics of spontaneous imbibition of chemical solutions in oil-wet limestone plugs and mini-plugs was quantified thanks to X-ray computed-tomography (CT) scanning and nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) measurements. Despite the small size of samples and the slowness of experiments, accurate recovery curves were inferred from in-situ fluid-saturation measurements. Scale effects were found quite consistent between mini-plugs and plugs. During a second experimental step, viscous drive conditions were imposed between the end faces of a plug, to account for the possibly significant contribution of fracture viscous drive to matrix oil recovery. The recovery kinetics and behavior, especially the occurrence of countercurrent and cocurrent flow, are interpreted through the analysis of modified forces in the presence of a diffusing or convected WM that alters rock wettability and reduces water/oil interfacial tension (IFT) to a lesser extent. This work calls for an extensive modeling study to specify the conditions on chemical additives and recovery-process implementation that optimize the recovery kinetics.
24‐Hour opiate detoxification and antagonist induction at home–the ‘Asturian method’: a report on 1368 procedures (2002)

The technique of domiciliary rapid opiate detoxification (ROD) developed in Asturias since 1994 enables patients dependent on heroin and/or methadone (or other opiates) to start antagonist maintenance with a full dose of naltrexone (50 mg) and largely recover from the acute opiate withdrawal syndrome in a few hours at home without direct medical or nursing involvement. Detailed information on 1368 procedures is presented but in Asturias, over 3000 procedures have been completed to date without any deaths or serious medical or psychiatric complications. We also describe some recent modifications to the procedure involving the use of octreotide as an antidiarrhoeal and the insertion of subcutaneous naltrexone implants to prevent early relapse. Rather than domiciliary ROD, we think the procedure is more usefully conceptualized as domiciliary rapid antagonist induction (RAI), because treatment with well-supervised naltrexone is known to be effective in reducing relapse rates. Now that controlled studies uniformly describe greatly increased rates of transfer to naltrexone maintenance treatment following RAI, compared with conventional slower withdrawal and naltrexone induction procedures, it is important that the safety, acceptability and simplicity of this 'Asturian' RAI/ROD technique become more widely known.
Vacuum cleaner (1985)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Seiichi Nakada, Hiromi Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Ohno, Tsuneo Nishijima, Hiroshi Kawakami; Vacuum cleaner. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 February 1985; 77 (2): 778. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.392284 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Inherent linearity in carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (2007)

The authors consider the suitability of carbon nanotubes for use in analog rf amplifiers, where the linearity of the device is critical. They show that in the limit of large electrostatic gate-channel capacitance, their theory predicts that an Ohmically contacted, ballistic carbon-nanotube-based field-effect transistor is inherently linear. While they have not achieved this limit in their experimental work, they compare the theory to experiment in the limit of small electrostatic gate-channel capacitance and find excellent agreement at virtually all bias conditions.
Synthesis and antitumor activity of tropolone derivatives. 2 (1985)

Structural requirement for antitumor activity of tropolone derivatives 2-4 was explored. Isochroman derivatives (6-17, 20, and 23) and alpha, alpha-disubstituted compounds 26-30 were synthesized and their antitumor activities were tested. These nontroponoid derivatives were all inactive, implying that a tropolone ring is essential for the activity. Several compounds related to the monotropolone analogue 3 were synthesized. Among them, 31-33 showed significant activity, but their potencies were considerably weaker than those of binary tropolone analogues 4.
Calibration device and auditory prosthesis having calibration information (1991)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Gregory P. Widin, Stephan E. Mangold, Mets B. Dotevall; Calibration device and auditory prosthesis having calibration information. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 August 1991; 90 (2): 1214. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.401967 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Extraordinary Macroscale Wear Resistance of One Atom Thick Graphene Layer (2014)

During the last few years, graphene's unusual friction and wear properties have been demonstrated at nano to micro scales but its industrial tribological potential has not been fully realized. The macroscopic wear resistance of one atom thick graphene coating is reported by subjecting it to pin‐on‐disc type wear testing against most commonly used steel against steel tribo‐pair. It is shown that when tested in hydrogen, a single layer of graphene on steel can last for 6400 sliding cycles, while few‐layer graphene (3–4 layers) lasts for 47 000 cycles. Furthermore, these graphene layers are shown to completely cease wear despite the severe sliding conditions including high contact pressures (≈0.5 GPa) observed typically in macroscale wear tests. The computational simulations show that the extraordinary wear performance originates from hydrogen passivation of the dangling bonds in a ruptured graphene, leading to significant stability and longer lifetime of the graphene protection layer. Also, the electronic properties of these graphene sheets are theoretically evaluated and the improved wear resistance is demonstrated to preserve the electronic properties of graphene and to have significant potential for flexible electronics. The findings demonstrate that tuning the atomistic scale chemical interactions holds the promise of realizing extraordinary tribological properties of monolayer graphene coatings.
Large area, concentrator buried contact solar cells (1995)

Considerable interest has been shown commercially in the buried contact solar cell (BCSC) approach, particularly for large area one-sun cells and large area concentrator cells. Efficiencies in the range of 21-22% have been independently confirmed by Sandia National Laboratories for a 20-cm/sup 2/ device operating at 20 suns using prismatic covers. An alternative, innovative approach for groove and metallization formation has enabled the demonstration of similar efficiencies but without the use of prismatic covers. These are believed to be the highest reported efficiencies by a clear margin for any concentrator cell of this size.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY WHICH DISTINGUISHES THE β-SUBUNIT OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN (βhCG) IN THE PRESENCE OF THE hCG (1981)

A monoclonal antibody specific for the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (beta hCG) has been developed which has a cross reactivity of 0.23% with intact hCT. There was no cross reactivity with other glycoprotein pituitary hormones in the range in which they might be expected to be present in serum. The beta-subunits of hFSH, hTSH and hLH did not inhibit binding of [125I]iodo-beta hCG to the antibody at up to 250 ng/tube. The dissociation constant (Kd) with [125I]iodo-beta hCG was 3.3 x 10(-10), and the reaction had reached equilibrium within 1 h.
<title>Subjective quality evaluation of low-bit-rate video</title> (2001)

A subjective quality evaluation was performed to qualify vie4wre responses to visual defects that appear in low bit rate video at full and reduced frame rates. The stimuli were eight sequences compressed by three motion compensated encoders - Sorenson Video, H.263+ and a Wavelet based coder - operating at five bit/frame rate combinations. The stimulus sequences exhibited obvious coding artifacts whose nature differed across the three coders. The subjective evaluation was performed using the Single Stimulus Continuos Quality Evaluation method of UTI-R Rec. BT.500-8. Viewers watched concatenated coded test sequences and continuously registered the perceived quality using a slider device. Data form 19 viewers was colleted. An analysis of their responses to the presence of various artifacts across the range of possible coding conditions and content is presented. The effects of blockiness and blurriness on perceived quality are examined. The effects of changes in frame rate on perceived quality are found to be related to the nature of the motion in the sequence.
A Maximum Likelihood Approach to Video Error Correction Applied to H.264 Decoding (2012)

In real-time video applications, where unreliable networks are commonplace, corrupted video packets can adversely affect visual quality. In this paper, we present a novel maximum likelihood approach to performing video error correction. Rather than discarding corrupted video packets, the method estimates the likeliest syntactically valid video slice content based on these packets. First, we present the mathematical foundations that enable solution of the problem at the slice level. Then, we present a simplified solution operating at the syntax element level. The method's performance is evaluated using the H.264 baseline profile. Unlike error concealment methods, we correct the errors in the bit stream, instead of reconstructing missing pixels. Simulation results show that the method yields improved visual quality. Furthermore, the proposed approach is computationally simpler than state-of-the-art error concealment methods.
Selected ion fragmentation with a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSelected ion fragmentation with a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometerR. A. Yost and C. G. EnkeCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1978, 100, 7, 2274–2275Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00475a072RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views2035Altmetric-Citations272LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (305 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Power modulation in deep penetration laser welding - Optimization of frequency and waveform to prevent the porosity (2003)

High power laser is a promising tool to weld heavy section plate members efficiently. One of the problems, in this case, is formation of some weld defects such as porosity and hot cracking. In the present paper, laser power modulation is attempted to suppress the porosity in 20 kW CO2 laser welding with the depth of 20 mm. Dynamic keyhole behaviour is analysed using a micro-focused X-ray transmission imaging system to evaluate keyhole stability. Waveform control of power modulation is effective in stabilising the keyhole and leads to not only enhancing the porosity suppression effect but also expanding the optimum frequency range to prevent the porosity. Monitoring of plasma signal is also tried using a photo diode to determine the optimum frequency. The keyhole is stabilised at the eigenfrequency of the molten pool oscillation. The narrow optimum frequency can be successfully determined by plasma monitoring.
Large scale preparation of melamine‐based superplasticizing admixtures. I. Process optimization (1989)

Abstract The process for preparing novel sulfonated melamine–formaldehyde resins was studied in detail with the objective of optimizing the production cycle time. The effects of minimizing temperature differences between consecutive reaction steps and reducing reaction time of selected steps of the process were assessed. Experimental work focused on increasing the polymerization step temperature and decreasing its time, resulting in considerable savings in the process time and energy consumption. The resin of the optimized cycle was found to have excellent superplasticizing properties when added to concrete mixes.
Lipoxin A<sub>4</sub>and aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxin A<sub>4</sub>inhibit peroxynitrite formation, NF-κB and AP-1 activation, and IL-8 gene expression in human leukocytes (2002)

Lipoxin A(4) (LXA(4)) and aspirin-triggered 15-epi-LXA(4) (ATL) are emerging as endogenous braking signals for neutrophil-mediated tissue injury. Recent studies indicate that peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) may function as an intracellular signal for the production of IL-8, a potent proinflammatory cytokine in human leukocytes. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the metabolically stable analogues of LXA(4)/ATL on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ONOO(-) formation and ONOO(-)-mediated IL-8 gene expression in human leukocytes. At nanomolar concentrations, LXA(4) analogues markedly reduced LPS-stimulated superoxide formation, evoked increases in intracellular diamino-fluorescein fluorescence (an indicator of NO formation), and consequently reduced ONOO(-) formation in isolated neutrophils, as well as in neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, in whole blood. LXA(4)/ATL analogues attenuated nuclear accumulation of activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB in both polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes and inhibited IL-8 mRNA expression and IL-8 release by 50-65% in response to LPS. The LXA(4) inhibitory responses were concentration dependent and were not shared by 15-deoxy-LXA(4). None of the LXA(4) analogues studied affected neutrophil survival, nor reversed the apoptosis delaying action of LPS in neutrophils. In addition, LXA(4) analogues had no significant effect on exogenous ONOO(-)-induced IL-8 gene and protein expression. These findings suggest that by attenuating ONOO(-) formation, LXA(4) and ATL can oppose ONOO(-) signaling in leukocytes and provide a rationale for using stable synthetic analogues as antiinflammatory compounds in vivo.