gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Memory-Efficient Image Databases for Mobile Visual Search (2013)

Mobile visual search systems compare images against a database for object recognition. If query data is transmitted over a slow network or processed on a congested server, the latency increases substantially. This article shows how on-device database matching guarantees fast recognition regardless of external conditions. The database signatures must be compact because of limited memory, capable of fast comparisons, and discriminative for robust recognition. The authors first describe methods that compress visual word histograms, which require a codebook and decoding compressed signatures. They then describe methods that use residuals to achieve the same accuracy with much smaller codebooks and compressed domain matching.
Effect of doping SiO2 on high-frequency magnetic properties for W-type barium ferrite (2004)

The microstructure, static and dynamic magnetic and dielectric properties of BaCo1.3Zn0.7Fe16O27 doped with small amounts of SiO2 have been investigated. The results show that the crystal structure and static magnetic properties have no obvious changes as SiO2 varies from 0 to 1 wt %. However, the complex permittivity and complex permeability could be significantly modified by SiO2 doping. Due to the doping, both real and imaginary permittivity are greatly increased. The increase has its origin in the formation of Fe2+, due to minor Si4+ ions entering the crystal lattice of barium ferrites. The complex permeability spectra can be decomposed into two components, which are associated with natural resonance and wall resonance. By doping with SiO2, the contribution of wall resonance to the static permeability increases, while the contribution of the natural resonance decreases. The overall static permeability is increased as a result.
Ion beam figuring of small BK7 and Zerodur optics: thermal effects (1999)

Ion beam figuring is a deterministic optical fabrication technique which efficiency has been mainly demonstrated on large optics these last years. One of the disadvantages of ion figuring is the high surface temperature of the workpiece. Temperature aspects have already ben mentioned by some authors but are weakly detailed. Therefore thermal effects on BK7 and Zerodur, mainly surface figure distortions and surface temperature measurements, have been investigated here in more detail.
Simulations and Experiments Toward High-Data-Transfer-Rate Readers Composed of a Spin-Torque Oscillator (2012)

High-data-transfer-rate readers beyond 3 Gbit/s composed of spin-torque oscillators (STOs) are considered and the signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the output signals under the thermal magnetization fluctuations are calculated by using the recent nonlinear theories. The “STO Reader” senses the media field as a modulation in the oscillation frequency, enabling high-data-transfer rates beyond the limit of ferromagnetic relaxation. The output (digital) signal is obtained by frequency modulation (FM) detection, which is commonly used in communication technologies. As the problem of rapid phase diffusion in nonlinear STOs caused by the thermal fluctuations is overcome by employing a delay detection method, the sufficiently large SNRs are expected even in nonlinear STOs less than 30×30 nm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> in size. The prompt response of the STO frequency (phase) to the media field and the high-data-transfer rate beyond 5 Gbit/s are shown by micromagnetic simulation. The frequency transition of STO in less than 1 ns under the pulse field is also confirmed by experiment.
AuthoCast—a mobility‐compliant protocol framework for multicast sender authentication (2008)

Abstract Mobility is considered a key technology of the next generation Internet and has been standardized within the IETF. Rapidly emerging multimedia group applications such as IPTV, massive mutliplayer games (MMORPGs) and video conferencing increase the demand for mobile group communication, but a standard design of mobile multicast is still awaited. The open problem poses significant operational and security challenges to the Internet infrastructure. This paper introduces a protocol framework for authenticating multicast sources (MSs) and securing their mobility handovers. Its contribution is twofold: at first, the current mobile multicast problem and solution spaces are summarized from the security perspective. At second, a solution to the mobile source authentication problem is presented that complies to IPv6 mobility signaling standards. Using an autonomously verifiable one‐way authentication based on cryptographically generated addresses, a common design is derived to jointly comply with the mobile any source and source specific multicast (SSM) protocols that are currently proposed. This light‐weight scheme smoothly extends the unicast enhanced route optimization for mobile IPv6 and adds only little overhead to multicast packets and protocol operations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Cell-Penetrating Peptide with a Guanidinylethyl Amine Structure Directed to Gene Delivery (2016)

A peptide composed of lysine with a guanidinylethyl (GEt) amine structure in the side chain [Lys(GEt)] was developed as a cell-penetrating peptide directed to plasmid DNA (pDNA) delivery. The GEt amine adopted a diprotonated form at neutral pH, which may have led to the more efficient cellular uptake of a Lys(GEt)-peptide than an arginine-peptide at a low concentration. Lys(GEt)-peptide/pDNA complexes showed the highest transfection efficiency due to efficient endosomal escape without any cytotoxicity. Lys(GEt)-peptide may be a promising candidate as a gene delivery carrier.
New ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors with antineoplastic activity. (1979)

Abstract For the purpose of developing an effective anticancer agent with a mode of action directed against ribonucleotide reductase, a number of acyl and aryl hydroxamic acids and their congeners were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit ribonucleotide reductase in vitro and to prolong the life span of L1210 leukemia-bearing mice. Benzohydroxamic acid and other six-member aromatic ring hydroxamic acids were found to be as inhibitory as was hydroxyurea in vitro , and they increased the life span of L1210 leukemia-bearing mice. Addition of hydroxy groups to the benzene ring of benzohydroxamic acid increased both inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase and life span of L1210 leukemic mice. Di- and trihydroxybenzohydroxamic acids, particularly when the hydroxyl groups were adjacent, were even more potent both in vitro and in vivo . For example, in comparison to hydroxyurea, 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzohydroxamic acid was 160 times more potent as an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase and increased the life span of L1210-leukemic mice at a lower dosage. The hydroxamic acid moiety was not essential for activity, since 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzamide was 100 times more potent than was hydroxyurea in vitro . Of the compounds tested, 3,4-dihydroxybenzohydroxamic acid was most effective in prolonging the life span of L1210-leukemic mice, increasing survival time over 100% and at one-third the dosage of hydroxyurea.
Ultrastrong, Transparent Polytruxillamides Derived from Microbial Photodimers (2016)

Ultrastrong and transparent bioplastics are generated from fermented microbial monomers. An exotic aromatic amino acid, 4-aminocinnamic acid, was prepared from a biomass using recombinant bacteria, and quantitatively photodimerized, and diacid and diamino monomers that were both characterized by a rigid α-truxillate structure were generated. These two monomers were polycondensed to create the polyamides with a phenylenecyclobutane repeating backbone such as poly{(4,4′-diyl-α-truxillic acid dimethyl ester) 4,4′-diacetamido-α-truxillamide} which was processed into amorphous fibers and plastic films having high transparency. In spite of noncrystalline structure, mechanical strength of the fiber is 407 MPa at maximum higher than those of other transparent plastics and borosilicate glasses, presumably due to the tentative molecular spring function of the phenylenecyclobutanyl backbone.
EENdb: a database and knowledge base of ZFNs and TALENs for endonuclease engineering (2012)

We report here the construction of engineered endonuclease database (EENdb) (http://eendb.zfgenetics.org/), a searchable database and knowledge base for customizable engineered endonucleases (EENs), including zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs). EENs are artificial nucleases designed to target and cleave specific DNA sequences. EENs have been shown to be a very useful genetic tool for targeted genome modification and have shown great potentials in the applications in basic research, clinical therapies and agricultural utilities, and they are specifically essential for reverse genetics research in species where no other gene targeting techniques are available. EENdb contains over 700 records of all the reported ZFNs and TALENs and related information, such as their target sequences, the peptide components [zinc finger protein-/transcription activator-like effector (TALE)-binding domains, FokI variants and linker peptide/framework], the efficiency and specificity of their activities. The database also lists EEN engineering tools and resources as well as information about forms and types of EENs, EEN screening and construction methods, detection methods for targeting efficiency and many other utilities. The aim of EENdb is to represent a central hub for EEN information and an integrated solution for EEN engineering. These studies may help to extract in-depth properties and common rules regarding ZFN or TALEN efficiency through comparison of the known ZFNs or TALENs.
Image georegistration methods: A framework for application guidelines (2013)

With the rapid growth of sensor platforms for imagery collection, from micro-unmanned aerial systems (UAS) to smart phones, an ability to geo-register image data is a fundamental need for many downstream applications. Approaches to georegistration for sensor imagery have deep roots in photogrammetry, and more recently with the integration of computer vision techniques. Georegistration solutions are increasingly sought for inexpensive and non-metric quality sensors and/or those that may lack the metadata needed to support rigorous coordinate transfer with error estimation. This indicates a range of solution quality, with situational awareness at one end, and rigorous accuracy at the other. There are a variety of correspondence and transformation models from which to select, with tradeoffs among simplicity, accuracy, and error estimation. The continually expanding vernacular of terms and methods can lead to confusion of application among the broader community of users. A sorting of representative terminology, processes, and techniques, is proposed as a framework. The goal is to motivate discussion for application guidelines.
Structure−Function Study and Anti-HIV Activity of Synthetic Peptide Analogues Derived from Viral Chemokine vMIP-II (2000)

The viral macrophage inflammatory protein II (vMIP-II) shows a broad spectrum interaction with both CC and CXC chemokine receptors including CCR5 and CXCR4, two principal coreceptors for the cellular entry of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Recently, we have shown that a synthetic peptide derived from the N-terminus of vMIP-II, designated as V1, is a potent antagonist of CXCR4 but not CCR5 [Zhou, N., et al. (2000) Biochemistry 39, 3782-3787]. In this study, we synthesized a series of new peptides derived from other regions of vMIP-II and characterized their binding activities with both CXCR4 and CCR5. The results provided further support for the notion that the N-terminus of vMIP-II is the major determinant for CXCR4 recognition and that vMIP-II probably interacts with other chemokine receptors such as CCR5 with different sequence and conformational determinants. To understand the structure-function relationship of V1 peptide, its solution conformation was studied using circular dichroism spectroscopy, which showed a random conformation similar to that of the corresponding N-terminus in native vMIP-II. In addition, we synthesized a series of mutant analogues of V1 containing alanine, glycine, or phenylalanine substitution at various positions. Residues Val-1, Arg-7, and Lys-9 of V1 peptide were found to be critical for receptor interaction, because single alanine replacement at these positions dramatically decreased peptide binding to CXCR4. In contrast, alanine or phenylalanine substitution at Cys-11 led to significant enhancement in peptide affinity for CXCR4. Finally, we showed that V1 peptide inhibits HIV-1 replication in CXCR4(+) T-cell lines. These studies provide new insights into the structure-function relationship of V1 peptide and demonstrate that this peptide may be a lead for the development of therapeutic agents.
New insights into pharmacological tools to <scp>TR</scp>(i)<scp>P</scp> cancer up (2013)

The aim of this review is to address the recent advances regarding the use of pharmacological agents to target transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in cancer and their potential application in therapeutics. Physiologically, TRP channels are responsible for cation entry (Ca(2+) , Na(+) , Mg(2+) ) in many mammalian cells and regulate a large number of cellular functions. However, dysfunction in channel expression and/or activity can be linked to human diseases like cancer. Indeed, there is growing evidence that TRP channel expression is altered in cancer tissues in comparison with normal ones. Moreover, these proteins are involved in many cancerous processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, as well as resistance to chemotherapy. Among the TRP superfamily, TRPC, TRPV, TRPM and TRPA1 have been shown to play a role in many cancer types, including breast, digestive, gliomal, head and neck, lung and prostate cancers. Pharmacological modulators are used to characterize the functional implications of TRP channels in whole-cell membrane currents, resting membrane potential regulation and intracellular Ca(2+) signalling. Moreover, pharmacological modulation of TRP activity in cancer cells is systematically linked to the effect on cancerous processes (proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs). Here we describe the effects of such TRP modulators on TRP activity and cancer cell phenotype. Furthermore, the potency and specificity of these agents will be discussed, as well as the development of new strategies for targeting TRP channels in cancer.
The Blood‐Brain Barrier and Cerebrovascular Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease (1999)

The pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not limited to amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Recent evidence suggests that more than 30% of AD cases exhibit cerebrovascular pathology, which involves the cellular elements that represent the blood-brain barrier. Certain vascular lesions such as microvascular degeneration affecting the cerebral endothelium, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and periventricular white matter lesions are evident in virtually all cases of AD. Furthermore, clinical studies have demonstrated blood-brain barrier dysfunction in AD patients who exhibit peripheral vascular abnormalities such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Whether these vascular lesions along with perivascular denervation are coincidental or causal in the pathogenetic processes of AD remains to be defined. In this chapter, I review biochemical and morphological evidence in context with the variable but distinct cerebrovascular pathology described in AD. I also consider genetic influences such as apolipoprotein E in relation to cerebrovascular lesions that may shed light on the pathophysiology of the cerebral vasculature. The compelling vascular pathology associated with AD suggests that transient and focal breach of the blood-brain barrier occurs in late onset AD and may involve an interaction of several factors, which include perivascular mediators as well as peripheral circulation derived factors that perturb the endothelium. These vascular abnormalities are likely to worsen cognitive disability in AD.
Holographic Optical Interconnects for Multichip Modules (1991)

An optically interconnected multichip module designed specifically to meet the demands of high performance processor array systems is proposed. The system consists of computer generated holograms GaAs laser array chips and Si VLSI chips containing processing elements and integrated photodetectors. All components are incorporated into a package (similar to an existing multichip module design) with a water-cooled heat sink. All intramodule chip-to-chip connections longer than a particular line length and all intermodule connections are implemented optically. Limitations on power dissipation bandwidth connection density and alignment tolerances are discussed. The performance is compared with both electrical thin film interconnects and guided wave optical interconnects.
Metabolism of Intravenously Administered Dipeptides in Rats: Effects on Amino Acid Pools, Glucose Concentration and Insulin and Glucagon Secretion (1977)

1. Studies were performed to investigate the metabolic fate of dipeptides when administered intravenously in rats. Glycyl-leucine, glycylglycine or glycylsarcosine was injected into the jugular vein. The plasma disappearance rate after the peak plasma concentrations was most rapid for glycyl-leucine and least rapid for glycylsarcosine. 2. During urine collection for 40 min, trace amounts of glycyl-leucine and glycylglycine and 13% of the injected glycylsarcosine were excreted. 3. Neither glycylglycine nor glycyl-leucine was detected in the liver, muscle, intestinal mucosa or renal cortex, but concentrations of glycine or leucine, or both, in these tissues were increased after each injection. In contrast, glycylsarcosine was recovered in all these tissues with concentrations in the renal cortex being far greater than in any other tissue, but sarcosine was found only in the renal cortex and intestinal mucosa. 4. The changes in plasma concentrations of free amino acids, glucose and glucagon, and tissue concentrations of free amino acids, were similar after the intravenous administration of glycyl-leucine and an equimolar mixture of free glycine and leucine. However, the amount of insulin secreted during the 40 min after glycyl-leucine injection was 1-6 times that produced after the injection of the corresponding amino acid mixture. 5. Results show that, within the present experimental conditions, the intravenous administration of dipeptides is as effective as that of the corresponding free amino acids in enriching the tissue pools of amino acids. It is suggested that efficient hydrolysis by cellular enzymes prohibits accumulation of intact dipeptides in body tissues.
Structure and bonding of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>M</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Sb</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">P</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>M</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ti</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Zr</mml:mi><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Hf</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math> (2005)

Using ab initio calculations, we have studied the chemical bonding and elastic properties of ${M}_{2}\mathrm{Sb}\mathrm{P}$ (space group $P{6}_{3}∕mmc$, prototype ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{2}\mathrm{Al}\mathrm{C}$), where $M=\mathrm{Ti}$, Zr, and Hf. The bonding is of covalent-ionic nature with the presence of metallic character. These compounds exhibit nanolaminated structure where $M\mathrm{P}$ layers are interleaved with Sb. While the structure is identical, both the bonding and the elastic properties of these phosphides are similar to the so-called MAX phases [M. W. Barsoum, Prog. Solid State Chem. 28, 201 (2000)].
Preparation of Nutri Bar for Lactating Women (2012)

Nutri bar is a popular food with blend of ingredients to provide nutrition to different age groups most widely recommended for consumption by women (who are pregnant, lactating or are attempting to become pregnant) in an amount that is effective for enhancing their nutrition. Despite the interesting nutritional properties, Nutri bar provides some medicinal properties as well, like demulcent, carminative, laxative, lactogenic, and rubefacient. In present research traditional ingredients, such as fenugreek, dry ginger, gum acacia, have been incorporated into Nutri bar to increase milk production of mothers along with some other ingredients like almonds, cashews, coconut, honey, makhana as nutrition supplement. These ingredients used were assessed at different levels to make a bar of better nutrition. Semolina (92.5g) when fortified with makhana (7.5g), coconut (6g), cashew (5g), almonds(5g), fenugreek(0.1g), ginger (0.1g), gum acacia (5g) and honey (42g) attained a good consistency, nutritional value and better organoleptic properties. Microbiological studies during storage under ambient temperature conditions were also studied.
100 W-output power from passively cooled laser bar with 30% filling factor (2005)

940 nm laser bars with optimised layer structures will be reported. 100 W output power, wall plug efficiency above 60% and a vertical divergence of 27/spl deg/ FWHM were achieved despite mounting on passively cooled heat sinks only.
Pose space deformation (2000)

Pose space deformation generalizes and improves upon both shape interpolation and common skeleton-driven deformation techniques. This deformation approach proceeds from the observation that several types of deformation can be uniformly represented as mappings from a pose space, defined by either an underlying skeleton or a more abstract system of parameters, to displacements in the object local coordinate frames. Once this uniform representation is identified, previously disparate deformation types can be accomplished within a single unified approach. The advantages of this algorithm include improved expressive power and direct manipulation of the desired shapes yet the performance associated with traditional shape interpolation is achievable. Appropriate applications include animation of facial and body deformation for entertainment, telepresence, computer gaming, and other applications where direct sculpting of deformations is desired or where real-time synthesis of a deforming model is required.
B cell depletion therapy in autoimmune diseases (2006)

Our understanding of the multiple physiological and pathological functions of B-cells continues to expand at a fascinating rate. A critical part of this expanding knowledge is the realization that B-cells can be responsible, at least in part, for diseases in which they had not been previously suspected and that their pathogenic influence can be mediated by multiple mechanisms. In turn, the availability of effective agents capable of inducing profound and long-lasting B-cell depletion and the safety and efficacy of Rituximab in non-Hodgkin lymphoma has prompted investigators to use this therapeutic approach in a large number of autoimmune diseases. Thus far, the results have been very promising, and in some cases nothing short of spectacular. In this review, we shall discuss the roles of B-cells in health and disease and the available evidence regarding the efficacy of B-cell depletion in human autoimmunity. Finally, we will discuss some of the many challenges and opportunities that the medical and scientific community should address in the foreseeable future.