gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Construction Enterprises Bidding Decision-Making Based on Linear Programming (2009)

In present construction market situation, tender is the greatest way to win the bidding for construction enterprises. According to the rules of the tendering documents, construction enterprises must estimate basic price limitation on bidding by simulating according to the method of bidding evaluation except necessarily responding the other conditions of the bid documents, then the suitable bidding decision-making must be adopted so as to enhance the opportunity of winning the tender. The thesis is devoted to using the techniques of linear programming to formulate the bidding model which provides reference for the bidders. After analyzing a factual case, the model which can help construction enterprises to reduce the blindness of bidding of relying on experiences and winning the bidding of depending on good–luck can improve the science of bidding and the probabilities of winning the bidding, which makes a greatly theoretical and practical significance on guiding the bidding decision-making for construction enterprise.
Two-Component Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (Ipn's) From Polyurethane and Epoxies (1984)

Modified Liquid MOCA (MLM) has been shown to have potential industrial applications in interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN's). This is due to its lower toxicity, low viscosity, appropriate crosslinking kinetics and ease of handling in comparison with unmodified MOCA. Two-component IPN systems prepared from polyurethanes and epoxies, utilizing MLM as a urethane curative, have exhibited good physical and mechanical properties. One of the most significant advantages of IPN's is their ability to achieve high modulus polymer alloys without the use of fillers that increase viscosities, making processing difficult. Further advances in these systems by the use of MLM as a urethane curative have also lessened many of the processing diffi culties for these materials.
Implications of Recent Findings in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and the Role of Pharmacotherapy (2000)

Recent evidence suggests that an etiologic model of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) must include both vulnerability factors (presumably related to dysregulation of stress responses and/or failure of normal restitutive mechanisms following trauma) and factors related to trauma severity. The fact that rates of PTSD increase with the severity of trauma suggests that normal adaptive mechanisms may become overwhelmed even in the absence of vulnerability factors. Consistent with this view, efforts to demarcate normative from disordered reactions to severe trauma, such as the new diagnosis of acute stress disorder, have had limited success. Debate over the moral and scientific implications of receiving a trauma-related diagnosis has further complicated the issue and perpetuated a false dichotomy concerning normative responses. The literature on clinical trials in PTSD is reviewed. The range of treatment responses, and the categorical breadth of compounds studied, requires interpretation before the literature as a whole can be understood. One of the many limitations of this new literature is the absence of treatment-outcomes research on individuals with the common comorbidity of substance abuse. The most recent findings with selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors and related compounds indicate a more optimistic outlook for pharmacological treatment of PTSD than was suggested by earlier trials. Given these observations, investigators will hopefully be encouraged to pursue study and development of treatment models that include both pharmacological and psychosocial interventions.
Assembly and task planning: a taxonomy (1994)

After over two decades of research in the field of assembly and task planning, an IEEE Technical Committee on Assembly and Task Planning has been created. One of the first activities of this committee has been to develop a taxonomy of the field. We will now present this taxonomy, which should be viewed as a dynamic description of the field that will change shape as the field progresses. The reasons for developing such a taxonomy are many: to aid in building a coherent picture of the field which is particularly useful to newcomers to assembly and task planning, to help active researchers better understand how their work relates to the rest of the field. Finally such a taxonomy is useful for administrative purposes such as aiding program committee members and editors in selecting reviewers and as an aid in selecting keywords to be associated with various articles. To further aid the reader of this taxonomy, we have incorporated into it an extensive, but by no means complete, bibliography.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Complex Heterostructure to Achieve a Single-Crystalline MgO Film on GaAs (001) (1998)

A single-crystalline MgO film was grown on GaAs(001) by constructing a complex heterostructure with two alkali halide buffer layers. The growth temperature was decreased to 150°C as compared with direct growth of MgO on GaAs(001). Electron energy loss spectrum of the grown film agreed well with that of bulk MgO, indicating that surface stoichiometry was maintained. The structure was stable up to 600°C against heating in UHV condition. The concept of a complex heterostructure will help fabrication of functional oxide layers on GaAs substrates and lead to oxide/semiconductor integrated devices.
Evaluation of Context-Aware Mobility Robustness Optimization and Multi-Connectivity in Intra-Frequency 5G Ultra Dense Networks (2016)

Practical implementation of context-aware mobility robustness technique and a multi-connectivity scheme are investigated based on the requirements of 5th generation networks. Results show that context-aware mobility robustness considerably reduces connection failures and lowers the signaling overhead from handovers, but it has limitations in supporting ultra high reliability applications. On the other hand, multi-connectivity supports ultra high reliability applications at the expense of signaling overhead.
Scalable Remote Attestation with Privacy Protection (Work in Progress) (2010)

Assurance of fulfillment of stakeholder's expectations on a target platform is termed as remote attestation. Without such an as- surance, there is no way of knowing whether the policies of the remote owner will be enforced as expected. Existing approaches toward remote attestation work at different levels of the software stack and most of them only measure binary hashes of the applications on the remote platform. Several dynamic attestation techniques have been proposed that aim to measure the internal working of an application. As there can be more than one application running on a target system, we need to have mech- anisms to remotely certify the internal behavior of multiple applications on a single system. Similarly in TCG-based attestations we use Platform Configuration Register (PCR) for storing and advocating the platform configuration to the remote party. Currently a single PCR is used to capture the behavior of one application/purpose. In this paper we pro- pose the idea of using a single PCR for multiple instances of a target application, while preserving the privacy of other application instances. Moreover, our technique also keeps the trusted status of each applica- tion intact. We propose a protocol for measurement and verification of a single instance by its respective stakeholder. Further, the mechanism proposed in this paper can be applied to different attestation techniques that work at different levels of the software stack. We develop a proof- of-concept implementation of our idea and provide future implications of this research.
An Ethernet-Based Fronthaul Implementation with MAC/PHY Split LTE Processing (2017)

A testbed implementation for an Ethernet fronthaul transporting signals arising from a long-term evolution (LTE) functional subdivision ("split") at the media-access control (MAC)/physical layer (PHY) interface is presented. Based on open LTE base station software, the testbed demonstrates significant data rate reductions compared to current fronthaul implementations that rely on In- phase and Quadrature radio sample transportation and data rates that scale with cell load. All generated traffic flows are clearly distinguishable using appropriate packet headers. A selection of test cases and their corresponding results are presented to demonstrate the operation of the fronthaul and the performance of individual flows in terms of data rates and overheads.
Design and fabrication of a high sensitivity focal plane array for uncooled IR imaging (2008)

This note reports on the development of a novel cantilever-based focal plane array (FPA) for uncooled infrared (IR) imaging. The FPA of 160 × 120 pixels consisted of a 1 µm thick low stress SiNx structure layer, a thin gold reflection layer and a thick gold bimaterial layer. A bulk silicon process that includes silicon–glass anodic bonding and deep reactive ion etching techniques was developed selectively to remove the substrate silicon and form silicon frames for every FPA pixel. The thermomechanical sensitivity of the cantilever pixel was measured as 0.11 µm K−1, the noise-equivalent temperature difference of the FPA was theoretically estimated to be below 60 mK and the response time was calculated to be 15 ms. An optical readout system was used to measure deflections of all cantilevers in the FPA simultaneously, and thermal images of the human body were captured in good time. One of the unique advantages of this honeycomb-like FPA is the selective removal of the silicon substrate, which could increase the IR absorption efficiency by 48% compared with that fabricated by a traditional surface sacrificial layer process.
Two Distinct Raf Domains Mediate Interaction with Ras (1995)

A key event for Ras transformation involves the direct physical association between Ras and the Raf-1 kinase. This interaction promotes both Raf translocation to the plasma membrane and activation of Raf kinase activity. Although substantial experimental evidence has demonstrated that Raf residues 51-131 alone are sufficient for Ras binding, conflicting observations have suggested that the Raf cysteine-rich domain (residues 139-184) may also be important for interaction with Ras. To clarify the role of the Raf cysteine-rich domain in Ras-Raf binding, we have compared the ability of two distinct Raf fragments to interact with Ras using both in vitro Ras binding and in vivo Ras inhibition assays. First, we determined that both Raf sequences 2-140 and 139-186 (designated Raf-Cys) showed preferential binding to active, GTP-bound Ras in vitro. Second, we observed that Raf-Cys antagonized oncogenic Ras(Q61L)-mediated transactivation of Ras-responsive elements and focus-forming activity in NIH 3T3 cells and insulin-induced germinal vesicle breakdown in Xenopus laevis oocytes in vivo. This inhibitory activity suggests that Raf-Cys can interact with Ras in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that Ras interaction with two distinct domains of Raf-1 may be important in Ras-mediated activation of Raf kinase activity.
A 32 b 90 nm Processor Implementing Panoptic DVS Achieving Energy Efficient Operation From Sub-Threshold to High Performance (2013)

This paper presents a 32 b, 90 nm data flow processor capable of executing arbitrary DSP algorithms using fine grained Dynamic Voltage Scaling (DVS) at the component level with rapid V DD switching and V DD dithering for near-ideal quadratic dynamic energy scaling from 0.25 V-1.2 V. This is the first full processor with Panoptic (all-inclusive) DVS, single clock cycle V DD switching, V DD dithering, and the ability to switch between high performance DVS operation and a sub-threshold mode of operation. This paper also explores V DD header switching and voltage selection considerations for additional savings. Measurements show up to 80% and 43% energy savings of using PDVS over single V DD ( SVDD) and multi- V DD ( MVDD), respectively. Additionally, PDVS shows area savings of up to 65% over MVDD given the same energy consumption.
Microdischarge behaviour in the silent discharge of nitrogen - oxygen and water - air mixtures (1997)

In this paper measurements of the behaviour of single microdischarges between metal and glass electrodes for both negative and positive polarities of the metal (designated and transitions, respectively), as well as the overall discharge behaviour between glass electrodes (GG), will be presented for different nitrogen - oxygen and water vapour - air mixtures. Increasing the oxygen concentration in nitrogen decreases the transferred charge per microdischarge for both polarities ( and ), while the total transferred charge per cycle is increased. With increasing water content in air, more charge is transferred per microdischarge for the polarity , but no significant change in the amount of transferred charge was found for a microdischarge. Less total charge is transferred per cycle with increasing water content. This is also true for double-dielectric barrier discharges (GG). The results suggest that water vapour coats the dielectric, reducing the surface resistance and increasing the effective dielectric capacity. This mechanism is supported by analysis of the voltage versus charge plot (Lissajous figure) for the involved capacitances of a double-barrier discharge. The reduction of the surface resistance of the dielectric and the resulting increase in the effective dielectric capacitance, are shown by photographs of spatially isolated microdischarges in a metal - pin dielectric arrangement.
Loss of Activity or Gain in Stability of Oxidases upon Their Immobilization in Hydrated Silica:  Significance of the Electrostatic Interactions of Surface Arginine Residues at the Entrances of the Reaction Channels (1998)

The structural origin of the extreme variation of the effect of silica sol−gel immobilization on the stability of flavoprotein oxidases is examined. In glycolate oxidase and lactate oxidase, highly conserved positively charged arginine surface residues guide the substrate anions into channels containing the active sites. In glucose oxidase, both positively and negatively charged (arginine and aspartic acid) residues are found at the channel opening. We postulate that electrostatic interaction between the positively charged residues in lactate and glycolate oxidases and polysilicate anions disrupts the function or structure of these α-hydroxy acid oxidases upon their immobilization in hydrated silica. Such damaging interaction does not occur in glucose oxidase where the surface charges are internally balanced. The damaging electrostatic interactions of the α-hydroxy acid oxidases are avoided, and the enzymes are stabilized instead of being deactivated when complexed with polycations, prior to their immobilization in hydrated silica.
A Survey of Control Issues in Nanopositioning (2007)

Nanotechnology is the science of understanding matter and the control of matter at dimensions of 100 nm or less. Encompassing nanoscale science, engineering, and technology, nanotechnology involves imaging, measuring, modeling, and manipulation of matter at this level of precision. An important aspect of research in nanotechnology involves precision control and manipulation of devices and materials at a nanoscale, i.e., nanopositioning. Nanopositioners are precision mechatronic systems designed to move objects over a small range with a resolution down to a fraction of an atomic diameter. The desired attributes of a nanopositioner are extremely high resolution, accuracy, stability, and fast response. The key to successful nanopositioning is accurate position sensing and feedback control of the motion. This paper presents an overview of nanopositioning technologies and devices emphasizing the key role of advanced control techniques in improving precision, accuracy, and speed of operation of these systems.
Improved charge pump for flash memory applications in triple well CMOS technology (2002)

Flash memories, which are key components for non-volatile storage in many portable applications, require high voltages for correct operation. These voltage have to be generated by using on-chip voltage elevators. This article presents an improved scheme for charge-pump voltage elevators suitable for use in triple-well CMOS fabrication technology. A direct drain-bulk connection is realized for the pass transistor which implements the charge transfer device in each pump stage. This results in placing a P-N diode in parallel with the pass transistor, thereby improving the charge transfer process between adjacent stages. The proposed charge pump provides smaller output resistance (and, hence, larger current drive capability and shorter recovery time) and higher power efficiency as compared to conventional solutions. An experimental comparison between two charge pump modules (based on the traditional and on the presented scheme, respectively) integrated in 0.13-μm CMOS Flash technology, demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Hardware Design and Web-Based Communication Modules of a Real-Time Multisensor Fire Detection and Notification System Using Fuzzy Logic (2016)

This paper presents the design and development of a fuzzy logic based multisensor fire detection system and a web-based notification system. Until recently, most consumer grade fire detection systems relied solely on smoke detectors. The protection provided by these has been established to be limited by the type of fire present and the detection technology at use. The problem is further compounded by the lack of adequate alert and notification mechanisms. A typical system relies on the physical presence of a human being to act on the alert. In developing countries, poor planning and addressing negatively affects the fire and rescue crew's response time. To address this problem, a fuzzy logic system was implemented using an Arduino development board with inputs from an MQ2 smoke sensor, a TMP102 temperature sensor, and a DFRobot flame sensor. The output of the detection system is sent over short message service (SMS) using a SIM900 global system for mobile communication (GSM) module to the web-based system and the house owner or caretaker in real-time. With access granted to the web-based system, the fire and rescue crew also get notified in real-time with location information. A comparison between the efficiency of the notification system employed by standard fire detectors and the multisensor remote-based notification approach adopted in this paper showed significant improvements in the form of timely detection, alerting, and response.
Expression of prolactin (PRL) receptor gene and PRL-binding sites in rabbit intestinal epithelial cells (1992)

Specific binding sites for PRL were identified on isolated intestinal epithelial cells from both male and female rabbits. These receptors exhibited a very high affinity for PRL (Kd = 5 x 10(-11) M) and were immunologically very similar to the well characterized mammary PRL receptor. About 3500 PRL receptors/cell were expressed on isolated epithelial cells from rabbit jejunum. These receptors were distributed in precise portions of the gut, being highly expressed in the proximal small intestine (duodenum and jejunum), moderately expressed in the ileum, and barely detectable in the colon. The levels of intestinal epithelial PRL receptors were low in 15-day-old rabbits, moderate at 1 month, and reached adult levels at 2 months, indicating enhanced PRL receptor expression in the intestine as development proceeded. The PRL receptor gene was specifically and highly expressed in the rabbit intestine, and four PRL receptor transcripts were detected that were identical to the transcripts characterized in the mammary gland. In individual intestinal segments, the expression of PRL-binding sites was always highly correlated with the level of PRL receptor mRNA. These results show that isolated intestinal epithelial cells express the PRL receptor gene as well as specific binding sites with a high affinity for PRL. They suggest that PRL regulates intestinal functions by exerting direct actions on the intestinal epithelial cells.
Spatial Analysis of the Potential of District Heating from Existing Bioenergy Installations in Germany (2012)

Increasing the propor rtion of district heating from Combined Heat and Power genneration (CHP) plants is encouraged in Germany due to in ncreased environmental and economic benefits. This study presents a GIS based approach to estimate the potential of district heating from biogas based CHP plants in th he state of Saxony in Germany. Based on spatially explic cit heat demand zones and heat supply potentials from biogaas plants, a GIS based modeling approach was used to as ssess the Technical Supply potential of heat to surroundin ng population. Results indicate a high potential of 287,963 3 MWh (48 MW) of heat supply that can be utilized in di istrict heating systems supporting the heat requirement of 3 38,000 persons in Saxony. Information on the potential of s supply from individual biogas plants at the district level waas calculated. The spatial approach presented in this study can support planning processes for district heating system ms and can also be replicated for other regions.
360-Degree Textures of People in Clothing from a Single Image (2019)

In this paper we predict a full 3D avatar of a person from a single image. We infer texture and geometry in the UV-space of the SMPL model using an image-to-image translation method. Given partial texture and segmentation layout maps derived from the input view, our model predicts the complete segmentation map, the complete texture map, and a displacement map. The predicted maps can be applied to the SMPL model in order to naturally generalize to novel poses, shapes, and even new clothing. In order to learn our model in a common UV-space, we non-rigidly register the SMPL model to thousands of 3D scans, effectively encoding textures and geometries as images in correspondence. This turns a difficult 3D inference task into a simpler image-to-image translation one. Results on rendered scans of people and images from the DeepFashion dataset demonstrate that our method can reconstruct plausible 3D avatars from a single image. We further use our model to digitally change pose, shape, swap garments between people and edit clothing. To encourage research in this direction we will make the source code available for research purpose [5].