gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sound and Music Recommendation with Knowledge Graphs (2016)

The Web has moved, slowly but steadily, from a collection of documents towards a collection of structured data. Knowledge graphs have then emerged as a way of representing the knowledge encoded in such data as well as a tool to reason on them in order to extract new and implicit information. Knowledge graphs are currently used, for example, to explain search results, to explore knowledge spaces, to semantically enrich textual documents, or to feed knowledge-intensive applications such as recommender systems. In this work, we describe how to create and exploit a knowledge graph to supply a hybrid recommendation engine with information that builds on top of a collections of documents describing musical and sound items. Tags and textual descriptions are exploited to extract and link entities to external graphs such as WordNet and DBpedia, which are in turn used to semantically enrich the initial data. By means of the knowledge graph we build, recommendations are computed using a feature combination hybrid approach. Two explicit graph feature mappings are formulated to obtain meaningful item feature representations able to catch the knowledge embedded in the graph. Those content features are further combined with additional collaborative information deriving from implicit user feedback. An extensive evaluation on historical data is performed over two different datasets: a dataset of sounds composed of tags, textual descriptions, and user’s download information gathered from Freesound.org and a dataset of songs that mixes song textual descriptions with tags and user’s listening habits extracted from Songfacts.com and Last.fm, respectively. Results show significant improvements with respect to state-of-the-art collaborative algorithms in both datasets. In addition, we show how the semantic expansion of the initial descriptions helps in achieving much better recommendation quality in terms of aggregated diversity and novelty.
Vehicle Identification Based on the Model (2017)

Now a day's vehicle recognition has become a wide area of research. Vehicle recognition has several applications such as in automatic parking, toll gate management etc., Because of numerous applications, vehicle recognition in computer vision has become a research area in Intelligent Transport System (ITS). There are many different vehicles from different manufacturers which are increasing day by day. Analyzing the attributes of these vehicles and recognizing different vehicles is a complex task. The main objective of this project is vehicle identification. Vehicles can be identified by performing recognition of its iconic license plate but the License Plate Recognition System does not work when license plate is manipulated, missing or covered. Another important attribute of a vehicle is its logo which contains important information about the car and as it cannot be changed easily. Logo plays an important role in recognition of vehicles. Here vehicle recognition is concentrated based on logos in order to give the manufacturers name or brand. Vehicle recognition is performed by extracting logo using ROI selection. Then by using gray level co-occurrence matrix feature extraction method features are extracted and classification is performed based on probabilistic neural network.
Scaling Optical Fiber Networks: Challenges and Solutions (2015)

Increases in consumer demand and machine-to-machine network traffic are creating big challenges for letting optical communications continue to scale cost-effectively. Meeting those demands will require new forms of optical parallelism.
Nanometer Spatial Resolution Achieved in Hard X-Ray Imaging and Laue Diffraction Experiments (1994)

Tapered glass capillaries have successfully condensed hard x-ray beams to ultrasmall dimensions providing unprecedented spatial resolution for the characterization of materials. A spatial resolution of 50 nanometers was obtained while imaging a lithographically prepared gold pattern with x-rays in the energy range of 5 to 8 kiloelectron volts. This is the highest resolution scanning x-ray image made to date with hard x-rays. With a beam 360 nanometers in diameter, Laue diffraction was observed from the smallest sample volume ever probed by x-ray diffraction, 5 x 10(-3) cubic micrometers.
Cytokine Function:<i>A Study in Biologic Diversity</i> (1996)

Cytokines are a group of hormone-like polypeptide mediators that play a variety of regulatory roles in both host defense and normal and abnormal homeostatic mechanisms. They may he produced by diverse cell types and exert their function on a variety of cells. Their effects (which may be suppressive or enhancing) are on cellular proliferation, differentiation, activation, and motility. In addition, cytokines can exert cytodestructive effects on infectious agents or tumor cells, either directly or by activating cells with cytodestructive potential. Any given cytokine may have many different biologic effects. However, two different cytokines may have similar or identical activities. Cytokines may be classified on the basis of their cell of origin, their spectrum of activity, the category of activity they influence, the cells that are their targets, or on specific features of their ligand-receptor interaction. The mode of action of many of the cytokines involves typical signal transduction events such as protein phosphorylation, and to date there is only limited understanding of the mechanisms that lead to one activity over another when a specific cytokine is involved in a specific biologic reaction. Nevertheless, elucidation of their role in other pathologic processes has provided insight into autoimmune and allergic diseases, as well as a variety of systemic disorders. Because of their broad spectrum of activity, cytokines have been used in a variety of therapeutic settings involving both infectious diseases and neoplasia. As the number of known cytokines continues to grow, it will be increasingly difficult for the non-"cytokinologist" to follow the exponentially expanding literature. Hopefully, this brief review will provide an overview that can serve as a framework for the understanding of this important area of biology and pathology.
Paradox of the active user (1987)

One of the most sweeping changes ever in the ecology of human cognition may be taking place today. People are beginning to learn and use very powerful and sophisticated information processing technology as a matter of daily life. From the perspective of human history, this could be a transitional point dividing a period when machines merely helped us do things from a period when machines will seriously help us think about things. But if this is so, we are indeed still very much within the transition. For most people, computers have more possibility than they have real practical utility.
Potassium in agriculture: status and perspectives. (2014)

In this review we summarize factors determining the plant availability of soil potassium (K), the role of K in crop yield formation and product quality, and the dependence of crop stress resistance on K nutrition. Average soil reserves of K are generally large, but most of it is not plant-available. Therefore, crops need to be supplied with soluble K fertilizers, the demand of which is expected to increase significantly, particularly in developing regions of the world. Recent investigations have shown that organic exudates of some bacteria and plant roots play a key role in releasing otherwise unavailable K from K-bearing minerals. Thus, breeding for genotypes that have improved mechanisms to gain access to this fixed K will contribute toward more sustainable agriculture, particularly in cropping systems that do not have access to fertilizer K. In K-deficient crops, the supply of sink organs with photosynthates is impaired, and sugars accumulate in source leaves. This not only affects yield formation, but also quality parameters, for example in wheat, potato and grape. As K has beneficial effects on human health, its concentration in the harvest product is a quality parameter in itself. Owing to its fundamental roles in turgor generation, primary metabolism, and long-distance transport, K plays a prominent role in crop resistance to drought, salinity, high light, or cold as well as resistance to pests and pathogens. Despite the abundance of vital roles of K in crop production, an improvement of K uptake and use efficiency has not been a major focus of conventional or transgenic breeding in the past. In addition, current soil analysis methods for K are insufficient for some common soils, posing the risk of imbalanced fertilization. A stronger prioritization of these areas of research is needed to counter declines in soil fertility and to improve food security.
Analysis of partitioning of organic compounds and proteins in aqueous polyethylene glycol-sodium sulfate aqueous two-phase systems in terms of solute–solvent interactions (2015)

Partition behavior of nine small organic compounds and six proteins was examined in poly(ethylene glycol)-8000-sodium sulfate aqueous two-phase systems containing 0.5M osmolyte (sorbitol, sucrose, trehalose, TMAO) and poly(ethylene glycol)-10000-sodium sulfate system, all in 0.01M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.8. The differences between the solvent properties of the coexisting phases (solvent dipolarity/polarizability, hydrogen bond donor acidity, and hydrogen bond acceptor basicity) were characterized with solvatochromic dyes using the solvatochromic comparison method. Differences between the electrostatic properties of the phases were determined by analysis of partitioning of sodium salts of dinitrophenylated (DNP-) amino acids with aliphatic alkyl side-chain. It was found out that the partition coefficient of all compounds examined (including proteins) may be described in terms of solute-solvent interactions. The results obtained in the study show that solute-solvent interactions of nonionic organic compounds and proteins in polyethylene glycol-sodium sulfate aqueous two-phase system differ from those in polyethylene glycol-dextran system.
Compact U-band 32-way ring-cavity spatial power combiner with low insertion loss (2012)

A novel compact millimetre-wave 32-way ring-cavity power dividing/combining circuit is presented. The ring-cavity power dividing function and the symmetric electromagnetic-field excitation is investigated. A U-band 32-way ring-cavity passive power combiner is developed with reasonable agreement between the simulated and measured results.
Silsesquioxane Nanocomposites as Tissue Implants (2007)

POSS-PCU nanocomposites have enhanced interfacial biocompatibility and better biological stability as compared with conventional silicone biomaterials, thus making them safer as tissue implants.
Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer conjugate specifically activates the A3 adenosine receptor to improve post-ischemic/reperfusion function in isolated mouse hearts (2011)

Covalent conjugation to a versatile drug carrier enhanced the functional potency and selectivity at the mouse A3AR and maintained the cardioprotective properties. Thus, this large molecular weight conjugate is not prevented from extravasation through the coronary microvasculature.
Characterization of Genes Involved in Biosynthesis of a Novel Antibiotic from <i>Burkholderia cepacia</i> BC11 and Their Role in Biological Control of <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> (1998)

Genetic manipulation of fluorescent pseudomonads has provided major insight into their production of antifungal molecules and their role in biological control of plant disease. Burkholderia cepacia also produces antifungal activities, but its biological control activity is much less well characterized, in part due to difficulties in applying genetic tools. Here we report genetic and biochemical characterization of a soil isolate of B. cepacia relating to its production of an unusual antibiotic that is very active against a variety of soil fungi. Purification and preliminary structural analyses suggest that this antibiotic (called AFC-BC11) is a novel lipopeptide associated largely with the cell membrane. Analysis of conditions for optimal production of AFC-BC11 indicated stringent environmental regulation of its synthesis. Furthermore, we show that production of AFC-BC11 is largely responsible for the ability of B. cepacia BC11 to effectively control the damping-off of cotton caused by the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in a gnotobiotic system. Using Tn5 mutagenesis, we identified, cloned, and characterized a region of the genome of strain BC11 that is required for production of this antifungal metabolite. DNA sequence analysis suggested that this region encodes proteins directly involved in the production of a nonribosomally synthesized lipopeptide.
Palladium-catalyzed reductions of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, conjugated dienes, and acetylenes with trialkylammonium formates (1978)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPalladium-catalyzed reductions of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, conjugated dienes, and acetylenes with trialkylammonium formatesNicholas A. Cortese and Richard F. HeckCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 20, 3985–3987Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1978https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00414a048RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views870Altmetric-Citations90LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (369 KB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Mechanisms of Disease and Injury: Utilization of Mutants, Monoclonals, and Molecular Methods (1999)

Rapid advances in our ability to localize and quantify macromolecular changes in health and disease are being brought about by the availability of genetically altered animals (mutants), purified reagents such as monoclonal antibodies, and new molecular methods. Targeted gene deletion (knockouts) and gene insertions (transgenics) in animals can allow identification of the importance and function of macromolecules. Monoclonal antibodies and fluorescent labels coupled with advances in microscopy provide exacting and multi-dimensional information about localization and cellular changes in proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids using immunohistochemistry, fluorescent activated cell sorting, and immunoprecipitation. Similarly, new applications of molecular methods can be used to identify and localize nucleic acids in tissues via in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcription (RT) PCR, differential display RT-PCR, RNase protection assays, and microchip arrays. The ligand for CD40 (CD40L), an important immunoregulatory molecule, is an example of the successful application of mutants, monoclonal antibodies, and molecular methods to cloning and biological characterization of new molecules. CD40L knockout mice, monoclonal antibodies, and several molecular methods were used to identify mutations in CD40L as the genetic basis for hyper-IgM syndrome in humans, to provide new insights into the pathobiology of Pneumocystis carinii infection, and to evaluate CD40L for immunotherapy of tumors and opportunistic infections.
Graphene’s cousin: the present and future of graphane (2014)

The so-called graphane is a fully hydrogenated form of graphene. Because it is fully hydrogenated, graphane is expected to have a wide bandgap and is theoretically an electrical insulator. The transition from graphene to graphane is that of an electrical conductor, to a semiconductor, and ultimately to an electrical insulator. This unique characteristic of graphane has recently gained both academic and industrial interest. Towards the end of developing novel applications of this important class of nanoscale material, computational modeling work has been carried out by a number of theoreticians to predict the structures and electronic properties of graphane. At the same time, experimental evidence has emerged to support the proposed structure of graphane. This review article covers the important aspects of graphane including its theoretically predicted structures, properties, fabrication methods, as well as its potential applications.
Passive Inter-modulation Cancellation in FDD System (2017)

Passive inter-modulation (PIM) shows up when two or more RF signals are mixed together via the nonlinear passive devices. With the rapid development and expansion of the wireless com-munication networks, PIM is recognized as one of the most critical issues. Especially in the base station, where several networks systems have to share the same infrastruc-ture, a few transmitted signals are physically close to each other, even they could be sharing the same antenna. So it is highly possible that several transmitted signals hit a same nonlinear junc-tion and generate PIM distortion, then the PIM distortion falls in some bands of the receivers nearby. Even more critically, since some technologies are developed with multi-carrier or multi-band, such as Carrier Aggregation and MIMO, the generated PIM could spread in a wide range of the spectrum and overlap with the receiver bands. Additionally the continuous increased power of the transmitted signals and the hyper sensitivity of the received signals make PIM issue particularly critical in the base station. Even the fifth and seventh order products of PIM could cause the performance degradation on the received signals. Isolation and shielding have been used to suppress the effect of PIM distortion, but it is costly and space-consuming solution. In this thesis, a digital self-adaptive cancellation technique is in-troduced. In the proposed technique, an estimated PIM is created based on the known baseband transmitted signal which is highly correlated to the PIM distortion present in the receiver chain, then the received signal is extracted by subtracting the estimated PIM signal from the distorted received signal in the digital domain. Time-dependency is one of the natures of PIM, since the nonlinearity of the passive devices al-ways varies with temperature, humidity and elements age. To realize an accurate estimation of PIM distortion in real time, the adaptive filter with NLMS (Normalized Least Mean Square) and RLS (Recursive Least Squares) algorithms is used to adjust the coefficients of the filter in the cancellation block. To ensure the expected performance of the technique to be reached, many simulations under dif-ferent situations are implemented and analyzed in Matlab. Additionally some proper simplifica-tions in the cancellation block are proceeded so that this technique can be realized in the hard-ware at a low cost in future.
Step-Down DC–DC Converters: An Overview and Outlook (2022)

Voltage step-down converters have gained attention, with the rapid development in industrial robotics, Internet of things, and embedded system applications. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis has been performed, to identify the topologies and architectures used in step-down converters. Moreover, their operation and performance have been compared. Such an analysis is helpful, in improving performance of the existing systems, besides designing novel converter topologies. Furthermore, the converter-topology-derivation methods have been studied, to identify their applicability for synthesising novel non-isolated DC–DC converters.
Design and analysis of vector color error diffusion halftoning systems (2001)

Traditional error diffusion halftoning is a high quality method for producing binary images from digital grayscale images. Error diffusion shapes the quantization noise power into the high frequency regions where the human eye is the least sensitive. Error diffusion may be extended to color images by using error filters with matrix-valued coefficients to take into account the correlation among color planes. For vector color error diffusion, we propose three contributions. First, we analyze vector color error diffusion based on a new matrix gain model for the quantizer, which linearizes vector error diffusion. The model predicts the key characteristics of color error diffusion, esp. image sharpening and noise shaping. The proposed model includes linear gain models for the quantizer by Ardalan and Paulos (1987) and by Kite et al. (1997) as special cases. Second, based on our model, we optimize the noise shaping behavior of color error diffusion by designing error filters that are optimum with respect to any given linear spatially-invariant model of the human visual system. Our approach allows the error filter to have matrix-valued coefficients and diffuse quantization error across color channels in an opponent color representation. Thus, the noise is shaped into frequency regions of reduced human color sensitivity. To obtain the optimal filter, we derive a matrix version of the Yule-Walker equations which we solve by using a gradient descent algorithm. Finally, we show that the vector error filter has a parallel implementation as a polyphase filterbank.
Synthesis and evaluation of the antiproliferative activity of novel thiazoloquinazolinone kinases inhibitors (2005)

The microwave-assisted synthesis of a family of 2,8-substituted thiazoloquinazolinones is described. The preliminary evaluation of the antiproliferative activity and the capacity of these molecules to inhibit CDKs and GSK-3 are reported. A lead compound was identified, constituting a scaffold from which more potent inhibitors could be designed.
Application of deep near-surface refraction static model to Permian data (2016)

Karsting and other near-surface complexity often cause significant long and short wavelength statics problem in Permian Basin seismic data. Refraction statics using refracted first arrivals are often applied to the data in an attempt to model the near-surface adequately to resolve these statics problems. But even refraction statics, whether they be computed using refraction tomography or conventional delay-time methods, are often inadequate to resolve this complex issue. We present a dataset from the western Permian Basin where both tomographic and conventional delay-time first-break refraction approaches were deemed lacking overall, even though they partially attenuated the statics issues. Therefore, we took a somewhat radical approach and picked a refractor that for much of the survey was not a first break. This “refractor-driven” approach coupled with refractor model constraints resulted in a markedly superior result compared to the “first-break driven” solutions. Presentation Date: Monday, October 17, 2016 Start Time: 4:35:00 PM Location: 150 Presentation Type: ORAL
HCV NS5b RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors:  From α,γ-Diketoacids to 4,5-Dihydroxypyrimidine- or 3-Methyl-5- hydroxypyrimidinonecarboxylic Acids. Design and Synthesis (2004)

A new class of the HCV NS5b RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors, the dihyroxypyrimidinecarboxylic acid derivative, was designed from a diketoacid and meconic acid derivative discovered by screening. Mechanism of action and essential moieties required for activity were identified. The corresponding N-methylpyrimidinone was also prepared; both classes are novel, reversible, and selective inhibitors of the HCV NS5b polymerase with improved druglike characteristics.