gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Regional delivery of mesothelin-targeted CAR T cells for pleural cancers: Safety and preliminary efficacy in combination with anti-PD-1 agent. (2019)

2511 Background: We conducted a phase I dose escalation trial of first-in-human autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy targeting mesothelin (MSLN), a cell-surface antigen that is highly expressed in pleural cancers- malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and metastatic lung and breast cancers. Methods: A single dose of CD28-costimulated MSLN CAR T cells with the I-caspase-9 safety gene was administered intrapleurally in patients with MSLN-expressing pleural tumors. Following a 3+3 design, patients were treated in dose escalating cohorts (dose range 3E5 to 1E7 CAR T cells/kg) following IV cyclophosphamide lymphodepletion (first 3 patients did not receive cyclophosphamide). A subset of MPM patients received subsequent anti-PD-1 therapy, off-protocol, which we have shown to prolong CAR T-cell functional persistence in preclinical models. Results: Twenty patients (18 MPM, 1 lung cancer, 1 breast cancer) were treated (prior lines of therapy 1–8, 35% received ≥3 lines of therapy). No CAR T-cell–related toxicities higher than grade 1 were observed. Intense monitoring for on-target, off-tumor toxicity by clinical (chest or abdominal pain), radiological (CT/PET or echocardiogram for pericardial effusion, ascites), laboratory (troponin elevation), and EKG evaluation found no evidence of toxicity. Fourteen MPM patients received subsequent anti-PD1 therapy (1–21 cycles, pretreatment tumor PD-L1 < 10% in all patients except one), with 1 patient developing grade 3 pneumonitis that responded to steroid treatment. CAR T cells were detected in the peripheral blood of 13 of 14 patients (1-39 weeks). At data cut-off date (Jan 31, 2019), among 14 MPM patients that received combination therapy (follow-up 13-77 weeks, median 31 weeks), best responses included 2 patients with complete metabolic response on PET (62 and 39 weeks ongoing); 5 partial responses and 4 stable disease by investigator assessment. Conclusions: Intrapleurally administered MSLN-targeted CAR T cells were safe. Encouraging antitumor activity of MSLN-targeted CAR T-cell therapy was observed when combined with anti-PD1 therapy and shows promise for future development of this approach. Clinical trial information: NCT02414269.
Identification of the gene encoding Marek's disease herpesvirus A antigen (1987)

The gene encoding the glycoprotein Marek's disease herpesvirus A antigen (MDHV-A) precursor polypeptide pr47 was delineated by using Northern blot (RNA blot) analysis and hybrid selection of its mRNA with cloned MDHV DNA, cell-free translation of the mRNA, and immunoprecipitation of the polypeptide. The resulting piece of DNA with strongly positive hybrid selection results was a 2.2-kilobase-pair (kbp) PvuII-EcoRI restriction fragment localized to the center of the 18.3-kbp MDHV BamHI B fragment of the total virus genome. The localization was specific since no other small restriction subfragment of the larger BamHI B fragment was able to hybrid select significant MDHV-A mRNA and the gene mapped only in the BamHI B fragment of the total virus genome. Northern blot analysis confirmed the localization of the MDHV-A gene on the 2.2-kbp fragment and detected its mRNA as a 1.8-kilobase species, a size consistent with encoding a 47-kilodalton polypeptide. This is the first report of an MDHV gene being mapped to the MDHV viral genome. This opens the way for the use of recombinant DNA technology to study the nature of the gene encoding a secreted virus-specific glycoprotein that could possibly be involved in immunoprevention, immunosuppression, or immunoevasion, immune phenomena known or speculated to be involved in this oncogenic herpesvirus system.
Late-breaking abstract: Bronchoscopic vapor ablation of parenchyma for lung lesions in a porcine model (2014)

Rationale: A bronchoscopic method to treat various lung neoplasms would be preferable to surgery, especially for patients with high comorbidities (Eberhardt, R et al. Respiration 2010;79:265-273). Water vapor (steam) has been shown to create necrosis, remodeling, and mass reduction in tissues throughout the body. In emphysema patients, vapor is used for lung volume reduction. Vapor is especially suitable in the lung because it is a gas.

Methods: In 5 healthy pigs, vapor was delivered bronchoscopically to the airways of 66 lung sub-segments. Dose was controlled by varying the power (30-70 cal/s) and time (5-9s). Two hours post-treatment, each sub-segment was cross-sectioned and stained with TTC to differentiate the metabolically active and inactive tissues. In 6 additional pigs, vapor was applied to 3 sub-segments each. Survival periods were 10, 21, and 30 days.

Results: The stained sections demonstrated that vapor is capable of creating a uniform field of necrosis following the sub-segment anatomical boundary. The reliability of a uniform field is dose-dependent.

In the survival animals, the treatment was well tolerated; no pneumothorax or abnormalities were observed.

Conclusion: Vapor ablation is a potentially safe and efficient means of ablating a targeted region of the lung. We hypothesize that vapor may be useful in treating neoplasms of the lung in humans.

![Figure][1] 



Uniform field of necrosis from vapor following anatomical boundaries

 [1]: pending:yes
Building an efficient RDF store over a relational database (2013)

Efficient storage and querying of RDF data is of increasing importance, due to the increased popularity and widespread acceptance of RDF on the web and in the enterprise. In this paper, we describe a novel storage and query mechanism for RDF which works on top of existing relational representations. Reliance on relational representations of RDF means that one can take advantage of 35+ years of research on efficient storage and querying, industrial-strength transaction support, locking, security, etc. However, there are significant challenges in storing RDF in relational, which include data sparsity and schema variability. We describe novel mechanisms to shred RDF into relational, and novel query translation techniques to maximize the advantages of this shredded representation. We show that these mechanisms result in consistently good performance across multiple RDF benchmarks, even when compared with current state-of-the-art stores. This work provides the basis for RDF support in DB2 v.10.1.
Far-field distribution of semiconductor phase-locked arrays with multiple contacts (1983)

Experimental results of far-field patterns of semiconductor laser arrays with multiple contacts are reported. It is found that, by tailoring the distribution of the currents through the array elements, narrow single-lobe patterns—which are more useful in most applications—can be obtained from arrays that usually operate in a double-lobe mode. A diffraction-limited 1.8°-wide far-field pattern was obtained from a three-element array.
Solid immersion microscopy images cells under cryogenic conditions with 12 nm resolution (2019)

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy plays a crucial role in our understanding of cell structure and function by reporting cellular ultrastructure with 20-30 nm resolution. However, this resolution is insufficient to image macro-molecular machinery at work. A path to improve resolution is to image under cryogenic conditions. This substantially increases the brightness of most fluorophores and preserves native ultrastructure much better than chemical fixation. Cryogenic conditions are, however, underutilised because of the lack of compatible high numerical aperture objectives. Here, using a low-cost super-hemispherical solid immersion lens (<i>super</i>SIL) and a basic set-up we achieve 12 nm resolution under cryogenic conditions, to our knowledge the best yet attained in cells using simple set-ups and/or commercial systems. By also allowing multicolour imaging, and by paving the way to total-internal-reflection fluorescence imaging of mammalian cells under cryogenic conditions, s<i>uper</i>SIL microscopy opens a straightforward route to achieve unmatched resolution on bacterial and mammalian cell samples.
ChemInform Abstract: TOPICAL CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS (1984)

Abstract Topical Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors.
Effects of phase leg reactor, submodule capacitor, number of submodules and switching frequency on harmonics in modular multilevel converters (2019)

The modular multilevel converter (M2C) will play an important role in the future especially for high‐voltage and high‐power applications where controllability is a key factor. Although a lot of research has been carried out on this topic, little has been done to understand how different system parameters, like the arm reactor, the submodule capacitor, number of submodules and switching frequency, influence the performance of the converter. In this study, a robust model of a M2C was presented and used to perform an extensive parametric sweep versus the variables mentioned above. It has been shown that by implementing an anti‐windup scheme, the model remains stable over a large range of parameters. It has also been shown that an optimum knee point exists in all total harmonic distortion (THD) graphs versus inductance, capacitance, number of submodules and switching frequency. Finally, it has been shown that to decrease THD, the number of submodules can be increased while making sure the effective arm capacitance is maintained constant.
Change in Oxygen Content of Y <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> ‐Nd <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> ‐Doped Silicon Nitride During Firing (1989)

The oxygen content of silicon nitride with 1 mol% Y 2 O 3 —Nd 2 O 3 additive was measured after firing to determine the compositional change during gas‐pressure sintering. Oxygen content decreases from 2.5 to 0.94 wt% during firing for 4 h at 1900°C and 10‐MPa pressure in N 2 . This decrease in oxygen results from the release of SiO gas generated by a thermaldecomposition reaction between Si 3 N 4 and SiO 2 . The resultant sintered silicon nitride material contains less than 1 wt% oxygen.
Bulk InAsxSb1-x nBn photodetectors with greater than 5<i>μ</i>m cutoff on GaSb (2016)

Mid-wavelength infrared nBn photodetectors based on bulk InAsxSb1-x absorbers with a greater than 5 μm cutoff grown on GaSb substrates are demonstrated. The extended cutoff was achieved by increasing the lattice constant of the substrate from 6.09 to 6.13 Å using a 1.5 μm thick AlSb buffer layer to enable the growth of bulk InAs0.81Sb0.19 absorber material. Transitioning the lattice to 6.13 Å also enables the use of a simple binary AlSb layer as a unipolar barrier to block majority carrier electrons and reduce dark current noise. Individual test devices with 4 μm thick absorbers displayed 150 K dark current density, cutoff wavelength, and quantum efficiency of 3 × 10−5 A/cm2, 5.31 μm, and 44% at 3.4 μm, respectively. The instantaneous dark current activation energy at a given bias and temperature is determined via Arrhenius analysis from the Dark current vs. temperature and bias data, and a discussion of valence band alignment between the InAsxSb1-x absorber and AlSb barrier layers is presented.
Shed syndecan-2 inhibits angiogenesis (2014)

Angiogenesis is essential for the development of a normal vasculature, tissue repair and reproduction, and also has roles in the progression of diseases such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.The heparan sulphate proteoglycan syndecan-2 is expressed on mesenchymal cells in the vasculature and, like the other members of its family, can be shed from the cell surface resulting in the release of its extracellular core protein.The purpose of this study was to establish whether shed syndecan-2 affects angiogenesis.We demonstrate that shed syndecan-2 regulates angiogenesis by inhibiting endothelial cell migration in human and rodent models and, as a result, reduces tumour growth.Furthermore, our findings show that these effects are mediated by the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor CD148 (also known as PTPRJ) and this interaction corresponds with a decrease in active b1 integrin.Collectively, these data demonstrate an unexplored pathway for the regulation of new blood vessel formation and identify syndecan-2 as a therapeutic target in pathologies characterised by angiogenesis.
Selective Binding of O<sub>2</sub> over N<sub>2</sub> in a Redox–Active Metal–Organic Framework with Open Iron(II) Coordination Sites (2011)

The air-free reaction between FeCl(2) and H(4)dobdc (dobdc(4-) = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) in a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and methanol affords Fe(2)(dobdc)·4DMF, a metal-organic framework adopting the MOF-74 (or CPO-27) structure type. The desolvated form of this material displays a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 1360 m(2)/g and features a hexagonal array of one-dimensional channels lined with coordinatively unsaturated Fe(II) centers. Gas adsorption isotherms at 298 K indicate that Fe(2)(dobdc) binds O(2) preferentially over N(2), with an irreversible capacity of 9.3 wt %, corresponding to the adsorption of one O(2) molecule per two iron centers. Remarkably, at 211 K, O(2) uptake is fully reversible and the capacity increases to 18.2 wt %, corresponding to the adsorption of one O(2) molecule per iron center. Mössbauer and infrared spectra are consistent with partial charge transfer from iron(II) to O(2) at low temperature and complete charge transfer to form iron(III) and O(2)(2-) at room temperature. The results of Rietveld analyses of powder neutron diffraction data (4 K) confirm this interpretation, revealing O(2) bound to iron in a symmetric side-on mode with d(O-O) = 1.25(1) Å at low temperature and in a slipped side-on mode with d(O-O) = 1.6(1) Å when oxidized at room temperature. Application of ideal adsorbed solution theory in simulating breakthrough curves shows Fe(2)(dobdc) to be a promising material for the separation of O(2) from air at temperatures well above those currently employed in industrial settings.
Impact of Nanocrystal Spray Deposition on Inorganic Solar Cells (2014)

Solution-synthesized inorganic cadmium telluride nanocrystals (∼4 nm; 1.45 eV band gap) are attractive elements for the fabrication of thin-film-based low-cost photovoltaic (PV) devices. Their encapsulating organic ligand shell enables them to be easily dissolved in organic solvents, and the resulting solutions can be spray-cast onto indium–tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass under ambient conditions to produce photoactive thin films of CdTe. Following annealing at 380 °C in the presence of CdCl2(s) and evaporation of metal electrode contacts (glass/ITO/CdTe/Ca/Al), Schottky-junction PV devices were tested under simulated 1 sun conditions. An improved PV performance was found to be directly tied to control over the film morphology obtained by the adjustment of spray parameters such as the solution concentration, delivery pressure, substrate distance, and surface temperature. Higher spray pressures produced thinner layers (<60 nm) with lower surface roughness (<200 nm), leading to devices with improved open-circuit voltages (Voc) due to decreased surface roughness and higher short-circuit current (Jsc) as a result of enhanced annealing conditions. After process optimization, spray-cast Schottky devices rivaled those prepared by conventional spin-coating, showing Jsc = 14.6 ± 2.7 mA cm–2, Voc = 428 ± 11 mV, FF = 42.8 ± 1.4%, and Eff. = 2.7 ± 0.5% under 1 sun illumination. This optimized condition of CdTe spray deposition was then applied to heterojunction devices (ITO/CdTe/ZnO/Al) to reach 3.0% efficiency after light soaking under forward bias. The film thickness, surface morphology, and light absorption were examined with scanning electron microscopy, optical profilometry, and UV/vis spectroscopy.
Lifting-based Laplacian Pyramid reconstruction schemes (2008)

Laplacian Pyramid (LP) provides a redundant signal representation and can be characterized as an oversampled filter bank (FB). In this paper, a generic lifting-based parameterization reconstruction algorithm is proposed to characterize all LP synthesis banks that can satisfy the perfect reconstruction property. Two typical lifting-based LP reconstruction schemes are then derived from this general representation. The first scheme presents the dual frame LP reconstruction and its closed-form solutions for any LP filters. The second LP reconstruction scheme leads to an efficient FB, which demonstrates improvements over the usual LP reconstruction in the presence of noise.
A/sup 2/BC: adaptive address bus coding for low power deep sub-micron designs (2002)

Due to larger buses (length, width) and deep sub-micron effects where coupling capacitances between bus lines are in the same order of magnitude as base capacitances, power consumption of interconnects starts to have a significant impact on a system's total power consumption. We present novel address bus encoding schemes that take coupling effects into consideration. The basis is a physical bus model that quantifies coupling capacitances. As a result, we report power/energy savings on the address buses of up to 56% compared to the best known ordinary power/energy efficient encoding schemes. Thereby, we exceed the only to-date approach that also takes coupling effects into consideration. Moreover our encoding schemes do not assume any a priori knowledge that is particular to a specific application.
Semantic-driven Generation of Hyperlapse from $360^\circ$ Video (2017)

We present a system for converting a fully panoramic ($360^\circ$) video into a normal field-of-view (NFOV) hyperlapse for an optimal viewing experience. Our system exploits visual saliency and semantics to non-uniformly sample in space and time for generating hyperlapses. In addition, users can optionally choose objects of interest for customizing the hyperlapses. We first stabilize an input $360^\circ$ video by smoothing the rotation between adjacent frames and then compute regions of interest and saliency scores. An initial hyperlapse is generated by optimizing the saliency and motion smoothness followed by the saliency-aware frame selection. We further smooth the result using an efficient 2D video stabilization approach that adaptively selects the motion model to generate the final hyperlapse. We validate the design of our system by showing results for a variety of scenes and comparing against the state-of-the-art method through a user study.
Evasion of the Accelerated Blood Clearance Phenomenon by Coating of Nanoparticles with Various Hydrophilic Polymers (2010)

The accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon is induced upon repeated injections of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-coated colloidal carriers. It is essential to suppress this phenomenon in a clinical setting because the pharmacokinetics must be reproducible. In this study, we evaluated the induction of the ABC phenomenon using nanoparticles coated with various hydrophilic polymers instead of PEG. Nanoparticles encapsulating prostaglandin E1 were prepared by the solvent diffusion method from a blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and block copolymers consisting of various hydrophilic polymers and PLA. Coating of nanoparticles with poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP), poly(4-acryloylmorpholine), or poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) led to extended residence of the nanoparticles in blood circulation in rats, although they had a shorter half-life than the PEG-coated nanoparticles. The ABC phenomenon was not induced upon repeated injection of PVP-coated nanoparticles at various time intervals, dosages, or frequencies, whereas it was elicited by PEG-coated nanoparticles. In addition, anti-PVP IgM antibody, which is estimated to be one of the crucial factors for induction of the ABC phenomenon, was not produced after injection of PVP-coated nanoparticles. These results suggest that the use of PVP, instead of PEG, as a coating material for colloidal carriers can evade the ABC phenomenon.
Highly Efficient Plasmon-Enhanced Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells through Metal@Oxide Core–Shell Nanostructure (2011)

We have investigated the effects of localized surface plasmons (LSPs) on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The LSPs from Ag nanoparticles (NPs) increase the absorption of the dye molecules, allowing us to decrease the thickness of photoanodes, which improves electron collection and device performance. The plasmon-enhanced DSSCs became feasible through incorporating core-shell Ag@TiO(2) NPs into conventional TiO(2) photoanodes. The thin shell keeps the photoelectrons from recombining on the surface of metal NPs with dye and electrolyte and improves the stability of metal NPs. With 0.6 wt % Ag@TiO(2) NPs, the power conversion efficiency of DSSCs with thin photoanodes (1.5 μm) increases from 3.1% to 4.4%. Moreover, a small amount of Ag@TiO(2) NPs (0.1 wt %) improves efficiency from 7.8% to 9.0% while decreasing photoanode thickness by 25% for improved electron collection. In addition, plasmon-enhanced DSSCs require 62% less material to maintain the same efficiency as conventional DSSCs.
Rider skill identification by probabilistic segmentation into motorcycle maneuver primitives (2016)

As a result of the static and dynamic instabilities of a Powered-Two-Wheeler, the rider performs a highly demanding control task. Rider safety strongly depends on the individual abilities and skills of the rider. To improve the riders' skill level and reduce riding errors, safety trainings are well established. Additionally, safety systems and recently also advanced rider assistance systems help to avoid or mitigate accidents. While conventional rider training is limited to a small number of training scenarios in a controlled environment, safety systems are typically limited to specific situations (collision warning) or physical limits of the vehicle (ABS). We propose a method to identify riding errors based on a statistical rider model for cornering scenarios and estimate a personal rider skill score. The intention is to extend rider skill training beyond organized events and towards personal self-training. Automatic scoring of the cornering skill level has to take into account the high variability in speed and local curvature as well as the variety of different traffic situations that may be encountered during a ride. We suggest to split the complex driving task e.g. riding along a winding road, into smaller control tasks e.g. roll-into-corner, stable lean, and roll-out-of-corner and analyze them separately first, then their sequence and transitions. We evaluate various approaches based on Hidden Markov models that can split a complex task into smaller segments and show indicators for rider skill based on the best segmentation model.
A method for connecting dissimilar finite element meshes in two dimensions (2000)

A method is presented for connecting dissimilar finite element meshes in two dimensions. The method combines standard master–slave concepts with the uniform strain approach for finite elements. By modifying the definition of the slave boundary, corrections are made to element formulations such that first-order patch tests are passed. The method can be used to connect meshes which use different element types. In addition, master and slave boundaries can be designated independently of relative mesh resolutions. Example problems in two-dimensional linear elasticity are presented. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.