gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Effects of neuropeptide Y on contraction, relaxation, and membrane potential of rabbit cerebral arteries. (1989)

The effects of porcine neuropeptide Y (NPY) on agonist-induced contraction, relaxation, and intracellular membrane potential were studied in isolated ring segments of rabbit cerebral arteries. NPY caused contraction of cerebral arteries with a mean EC50 of 2.7 +/- 0.07 nM. After exposure of cerebral arteries to 1.5 nM NPY, the potencies of norepinephrine (NE) and histamine in causing contraction were increased by approximately twofold, with no change in maximal contraction. In cerebral arteries contracted with histamine, adenosine, and acetylcholine-induced relaxation was inhibited by 7-14-fold in the presence of 1.5 nM NPY, with no change in maximal relaxation. These effects of NPY were not altered by sympathetic denervation of cerebral arteries. Intracellular membrane potential in smooth muscle cells of cerebral arteries was measured using glass microelectrodes and averaged -66 +/- 1 mV. NPY 3 nM, ouabain 3 microM, and K+ Krebs solution 1 mM depolarized cerebral arteries by 15, 22, and 14 mV, respectively. In arteries depolarized by ouabain or 1 mM K+ Krebs solution, 3 nM NPY caused no additional depolarization. The potency of NE in causing contraction of cerebral arteries was increased by 3 microM ouabain (3.8-fold) and 1 mM K+ Krebs solution (1.9-fold); however, 3 nM NPY in the presence of ouabain or 1 mM K+ Krebs solution caused no greater increase in agonist potency. Ouabain 3 microM inhibited adenosine-induced relaxation by 5.1-fold whereas addition of 3 nM NPY to ouabain exposed arteries caused an additional 4.6-fold inhibition of relaxation. Ouabain and ouabain plus NPY also decreased the maximal relaxant effect of adenosine. These results suggest that the ability of NPY to potentiate contraction and inhibit relaxation of cerebral arteries is caused, at least in part, by NPY-induced membrane depolarization.
Interaction of complex polysaccharides with the complement system: effect of calcium depletion on terminal component consumption (1975)

Complex polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides can activate the terminal components of complement by either the classical (antibody, C1, C4, and C2) or alternative complement pathways, but the relative importance of either pathway for terminal component consumption in normal serum is poorly understood. Since classical complement pathway function requires both calcium and magnesium ions, whereas the alternative pathway requires only magnesium ions, selective chelation of calcium ions in serum can be used to block the classical complement pathway while leaving the alternative pathway intact. In these studies, ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)N, N-tetraacetic acid, a potent chelator or calcium, was used to block the classical complement pathway in normal guinea pig serum.Consumption of the terminal complement components by endotoxin, inulin, and zymosan in such serum was strikingly depressed when compared to serum containing an intact classical complement pathway. These studies demonstrate that in normal serum, both the classical and alternative complement pathways participate in the consumption of the terminal complement components by complex polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides.
Construction of web-based IT Assets Management System (2012)

As IT is also recognized as assets, IT assets management system is trying to introduce for the management and operation in domestic enterprises and public institutions. The general assets management system was introduced in domestic companies, but because it managed mainly the only simple information about the assets, there were a lot of operational difficulties of the assets. In order to operate effectively the IT assets used in special business such as bank, prosecutors, railway, etc the classification system of IT assets based on the EA was needed first of all. Accordingly, in this paper, we classified IT assets systematically according to the EA meta model Application Guide V1.4 in consideration of the characteristics about the IT asset business for A public institution, and performed to improve the operating costs and efficiency by implementing a web-based IT assets management system for this public institution.
Secured cloud authentication using quantum cryptography (2017)

Cloud computing have become the budding engine of current information technology (IT) as a result of the rapid development of IT, security protection has become more and more important for cloud computing. The theft of identity authentication in sequence remains a serious hazard to the protection of cloud computing, in this process, attackers infringe into cloud computing services through identity certification information, thereby threatening the security of data from multiple perspectives. Most types of attack can cause the classified information be in the hand of unauthorized party. This situation will lead to data disclosure and the user feel insecure for using the services offered by cloud infrastructure. In this work a novel protocol is proposed to secured cloud authentication using quantum cryptography.
Steering air bubbles with an add-on vacuum layer for biopolymer membrane biofabrication in PDMS microfluidics (2016)

Membrane functionality is crucial in microfluidics for realizing operations such as filtration, separation, concentration, signaling among cells and gradient generation. Currently, common methods often sandwich commercially available membranes in multi-layer devices, or use photopolymerization or temperature-induced gelation to fabricate membrane structures in one-layer devices. Biofabrication offers an alternative to forming membrane structures with biomimetic materials and mechanisms in mild conditions. We have recently developed a biofabrication strategy to form parallel biopolymer membranes in gas-permeable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic devices, which used positive pressure to dissipate air bubbles through PDMS to initiate membrane formation but required careful pressure balancing between two flows. Here, we report a technical innovation by simply placing as needed an add-on PDMS vacuum layer on PDMS microfluidic devices to dissipate air bubbles and guide the biofabrication of biopolymer membranes. Vacuuming through PDMS was simply achieved by either withdrawing a syringe or releasing a squeezed nasal aspirator. Upon vacuuming, air bubbles dissipated within minutes, membranes were effortlessly formed, and the add-on vacuum layer can be removed. Subsequent membrane growth could be robustly controlled with the flows and pH of solutions. This new process is user-friendly and has achieved a 100% success rate in more than 200 trials in membrane biofabrication.
Akt Fine-tunes NF-κB-dependent Gene Expression during T Cell Activation (2011)

Activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway is critical for leukocyte activation and development. Although previous studies suggested a role for the Akt kinase in coupling the T cell antigen receptor and CD28 to NF-κB activation in T cells, the nature of the role of Akt in this pathway is still unclear. Using a targeted gene profiling approach, we found that a subset of NF-κB-dependent genes required Akt for optimal up-regulation during T cell activation. The selective effects of Akt were manifest at the level of mRNA transcription and p65/RelA binding to upstream promoters and appear to be due to altered formation of the Carma1-Bcl10 complex. The proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α was found to be particularly sensitive to Akt inhibition or knockdown, including in primary human blood T cells and a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis. Our findings are consistent with a hierarchy in the expression of NF-κB-dependent genes, controlled by the strength and/or duration of NF-κB signaling. More broadly, our results suggest that defining the more graded effects of signaling, such as those demonstrated here for Akt and the NF-κB pathway, is important to understanding how cells can fine-tune signaling responses for optimal sensitivity and specificity.
An efficient skip mode competition scheme based on vector clustering and object boundary detection (2010)

In video coding, a portion of skipped macroblocks is highly effective to the coding performance, especially, at low bitrates since, for a skip mode, no additional coding parameters are transmitted except mode index itself. To increase the skip mode occurrence, in this paper, we propose an efficient skip mode competition scheme based on vector clustering of multiple predictive motion vectors (PMV) and boundary detection of moving objects. The proposed scheme selects the best PMV of skip mode optimally among representative PMV candidates which are obtained after the clustering process and switches a more appropriate competition scheme adaptively according to object boundary conditions. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme reduces average 4.31% in BDRATE compared to the KTA 2.6 software.
College Entrance Exams: A Modern “Shibboleth”? (2022)

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic led many US colleges to drop requirements for admissions tests. Daniel Robinson and Howard Wainer consider what the consequences of this decision might be – for students and universities
Characterisation and Optimisation of Innovative Solders for Transient Liquid Phase Bonding and Active Soldering (2004)

Hybrid microstructures, able to combine the different properties of metallic and ceramic materials, are a source of growing interest in the field of microsystem engineering. Besides the construction technique, the joining technique plays a crucial role within this framework. Two innovative bonding technologies have been investigated: Transient Liquid Phase (TLP) Bonding and Active Soldering. New solders have been developed, evaluated and characterized with regard to fundamental parameters for the microstructures.
Jitter reduction in a real-time message transmission system using genetic algorithms (2002)

The wide use of field bus based distributed systems in embedded control applications triggered the research on the problem of transmission network induced jitter in control variables. In this paper we introduce a variant of the classical genetic algorithm, which we call progressive genetic algorithm, and show how it can be used to reduce jitter suffered by periodic messages. The approach can be applied either in centrally controlled field buses or in synchronized ones. The algorithm was tested with two well-known and widely used benchmarks: the PSA, coming from automotive industries and the SAE from automatic guided vehicles. It is shown that it is possible to completely eliminate jitter if the adequate transmission rate is available and, if not, a satisfactory reduced jitter can be obtained.
インターネットネットスケープクイックガイド : For Macintosh (1995)

１ インターネットとＷｅｂ ２ さあ、はじめよう ３ Ｎｅｔｓｃａｐｅの使い方 ４ サイバースペースへ乗り出そう ５ 自分のホームページを作るには ６ スペシャルアプリケーションとサイト
Transaction log based application error recovery and point in-time query (2012)

Database backups have traditionally been used as the primary mechanism to recover from hardware and user errors. High availability solutions maintain redundant copies of data that can be used to recover from most failures except user or application errors. Database backups are neither space nor time efficient for recovering from user errors which typically occur in the recent past and affect a small portion of the database. Moreover periodic full backups impact user workload and increase storage costs. In this paper we present a scheme that can be used for both user and application error recovery starting from the current state and rewinding the database back in time using the transaction log. While we provide a consistent view of the entire database as of a point in time in the past, the actual prior versions are produced only for data that is accessed. We make the as of data accessible to arbitrary point in time queries by integrating with the database snapshot feature in Microsoft SQL Server.
Identifying Children at Risk of High Myopia Using Population Centile Curves of Refraction (2016)

Reference centile curves provide an age-specific estimation on a severity scale of refractive error in school-aged children. Children located under lower percentiles at young age were more likely to have high myopia at 15 years or probably in adulthood.
Novel activity evaluation and subsequent partial purification of antimicrobial peptides produced by Bacillus subtilis LFB112 (2011)

The antibacterial activity of antimicrobial peptides produced by strain LFB 112 was determined using the cup-plate method and a standard curve of penicillin. An effective method to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of antibacterial peptides was established. Three active fractions, Fraction A (5.0–5.5 kDa), Fraction B (3.0–3.5 kDa) and Fraction C (400–800 Da), were separated by anion-exchange, reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and gel filtration chromatography. Fraction A contained an antimicrobial peptide; its partial sequence (LVQSPNGNFAASFVLDGTK), determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), was homologous with antimicrobial peptide LCI. In addition, there were three major ingredients in fraction B (3,371.811, 3,442.379 and 3,486.596 Da, respectively), and several small peptides (400–800 Da) in fraction C. After purification, the potencies of fractions A, B and C were 188.6, 11,217.26 and 10,290.63 U/mg, respectively. Furthermore, antimicrobial peptides in fraction B, apparently different from known antimicrobial peptides produced by Bacillus subtilis (based on molecular weight), and small (molecular weight 400–800 Da) antimicrobial peptides produced by B. subtilis LFB112 were also identified. Antimicrobial peptides produced by strain LFB112 with high potency against several undesirable bacteria were identified. These compounds have potential as alternatives to known antibiotics.
One-pot synthesis of 2-substituted benzo[b]furans via Pd–tetraphosphine catalyzed coupling of 2-halophenols with alkynes (2014)

A catalyst composed of [Pd(η(3)-C3H5)Cl]2 and N,N,N',N'-tetra(diphenylphosphinomethyl)pyridine-2,6-diamine (L) was found to be effective for one-pot synthesis of 2-substituted benzo[b]furans from 2-halophenols and alkynes. For 2-bromo-3-hydroxypyridine, the catalyst loading could be as low as 1 ppm and the turnover number (TON) was up to 870,000.
Pentaplexed Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay for the Simultaneous Detection and Quantification of Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Clostridia in Food and Clinical Samples (2010)

Botulinum neurotoxins are produced by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum and are divided into seven distinct serotypes (A to G) known to cause botulism in animals and humans. In this study, a multiplexed quantitative real-time PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of the human pathogenic C. botulinum serotypes A, B, E, and F was developed. Based on the TaqMan chemistry, we used five individual primer-probe sets within one PCR, combining both minor groove binder- and locked nucleic acid-containing probes. Each hydrolysis probe was individually labeled with distinguishable fluorochromes, thus enabling discrimination between the serotypes A, B, E, and F. To avoid false-negative results, we designed an internal amplification control, which was simultaneously amplified with the four target genes, thus yielding a pentaplexed PCR approach with 95% detection probabilities between 7 and 287 genome equivalents per PCR. In addition, we developed six individual singleplex real-time PCR assays based on the TaqMan chemistry for the detection of the C. botulinum serotypes A, B, C, D, E, and F. Upon analysis of 42 C. botulinum and 57 non-C. botulinum strains, the singleplex and multiplex PCR assays showed an excellent specificity. Using spiked food samples we were able to detect between 10(3) and 10(5) CFU/ml, respectively. Furthermore, we were able to detect C. botulinum in samples from several cases of botulism in Germany. Overall, the pentaplexed assay showed high sensitivity and specificity and allowed for the simultaneous screening and differentiation of specimens for C. botulinum A, B, E, and F.
Prediction of Influx Rate and Volume for Planning UBD Horizontal Wells To Reduce Formation Damage (2008)

Abstract Underbalanced drilling (UBD) has been widely used as a means of reducing formation damage during drilling. The benefit of reduced formation damage results from the fact that the borehole pressure is intentionally maintained to be lower than formation pore pressure during drilling the pay zone. UBD operations require additional surface equipment such as separators and reserve tanks to process and store the produced reservoir fluids. Selection of separators and reserve tanks for UBD involves using a method to predict reservoir fluid inflow rate and volume. Such a method is not available in the literature for UBD horizontal wells. This study filled the gap. In this study, we derived an equation for pressure distribution in the borehole by rigorously coupling formation inflow and borehole hydraulics. A simple function for fluid influx rate distribution in the borehole was then developed. Fluid influx rate is predicted as a function of horizontal borehole length, which is time-dependent. The predicted fluid influx rate at the total depth is used for sizing separators. The total influx volume is predicted by integrating the influx rate over the total time for horizontal drilling. The predicted total influx volume is used for determining the required capacity of reserve tanks. A work procedure was developed for generating fluid inflow rate and influx volume profiles. Application of the procedure is illustrated in solving an example problem. This paper presents drilling engineers a mathematical tool that can be used for sizing separators and reserve tanks during horizontal UBD planning.
An ultrastructural and autoradiographic analysis of primary and replacement odontoblasts following cavity preparation and wound healing in the rat molar. (1992)

Numerous studies using various animal and human models have reported changes in the morphology and metabolic activity of primary odontoblasts in the mature tooth pulp after perturbations of the tooth including cavity preparation and restoration, pulpal exposures and pulp capping with various capping agents. The first part of this study investigated changes in primary and replacement odontoblast activity after cavity preparation or pulpal exposure. Two groups of rats were used in this investigation. One group of rats had Class V cavities prepared to the DEJ of the first maxillary molars. These rats were immediately injected with 3H-proline and killed 15, 30 or 60 minutes later. Rats killed at day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 or 14 were injected one hour prior to sacrifice. The second group of rats each had a pulp exposure that was capped with a calcium hydroxide containing material and restored with a composite resin. Rats were sacrificed as previously described. Tissue was processed routinely for ultrastructural analysis and E.M. autoradiography. The second part of this study consisted of an injection of 125I-fibrinogen one hour prior to a class V cavity preparation 1/2 the distance through dentin thickness. Rats were sacrificed at 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes postsurgery. Differences in the location and distribution of the reduced silver halide grains were recorded as well as differences in the amount and distribution of the various organelles measured between primary and replacement odontoblasts. The results of this study suggests that primary and replacement odontoblasts were morphologically and physiologically dissimilar at the time periods tested in this study. 125I-fibrinogen was demonstrated within the dentinal tubules and in the floor of the cavity preparation as early as 5 minutes after completion of the cavity preparation. The preliminary results of the 125I-fibrinogen suggest that operative trauma can effect very rapid changes to the dental pulp leading to leakage of plasma proteins from the circulation, between odontoblasts, out of the tubules to the cut dentin surface.
Resolution of hepatic abscess after interferon gamma in chronic granulomatous disease. (1994)

Birmingham 25 97 95 93 Tower Hamlets 55 90 88 89 National 0 95 93 93pertussis (P3) uptake, and by 70 for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) at 2 years.3While family and social circumstances are clearly very important factors in influencing immunisation performance, the BMRB report identified the importance of the local management of the immunisation services in overcoming these impediments.In the table, the most recently available Liverpool immu- nisation uptake data is compared with that of a district with the closest match Jarman score, the English district with the highest Jarman score (most deprived) and the national aver- age.Even accepting the fallibility of the Jarman score and the lack of comparability of East Birmingham with Liverpool, there can be little doubt that Tower Hamlets is an appro- priate district for comparative purposes.Immunisation uptake is as high there for pertussis and MMR, clearly indicating that local management of the immunisation programme can overcome socioeconomic barriers to immunisation.
Acute cold-induced suppression of <i>ob</i> (obese) gene expression in white adipose tissue of mice: mediation by the sympathetic system (1995)

The effect of acute exposure to cold on the expression of the ob (obese) gene, which encodes a protein that plays a critical role in the regulation of energy balance and body weight, has been examined in epididymal white adipose tissue of mice. Overnight (18 h) exposure of mice to a temperature of 4 degrees C led to the disappearance of ob mRNA in epididymal white fat, and subsequent studies showed that a cold-induced loss of ob mRNA could occur in as little as 2-4 h of exposure to 4 degrees C. When mice exposed to cold for 18 h were returned to the warm (24 degrees C), there was a rapid stimulation of the expression of the ob gene, the mRNA returning within 2.5 h. Administration of noradrenaline led to a reduction in the level of ob mRNA in mice maintained in the warm, while isoprenaline resulted in the disappearance of the mRNA; these changes in ob mRNA were paralleled by similar changes in lipoprotein lipase mRNA. In contrast to white fat, the level of lipoprotein lipase mRNA in brown adipose tissue was increased by noradrenaline and isoprenaline. It is concluded that there is a cold-induced suppression of ob gene expression in white adipose tissue of mice and that this is mediated primarily by the sympathetic system. The profound effect of cold on ob gene expression indicates that the ob system relates to energy expenditure, as well as to satiety.