gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Heart Rate Monitoring During Intense Physical Activities Using a Motion Artifact Corrupted Signal Reconstruction Algorithm in Wearable Electrocardiogram Sensor (2016)

Accurate estimation of heart rates from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals during intense physical activity is a very challenging problem. In this study we investigated a novel technique to accurately reconstruct motion-corrupted ECG signals and HR based on time-varying spectral analysis. The algorithm is called Spectral filter algorithm for electrocardiogram Motion Artifacts and heart rate reconstruction (SegMA). The idea is to calculate time-frequency spectrum of ECG for each time shift of a windowed data segment and use the information from the spectrum to reconstruct HR during movement. The SegMA approach was applied to a datasets recorded in Chon Lab that includes 17 min recordings from 4 subjects during a challenging experimental protocol including walking, jogging, running, arm movement, wrist movement, body shaking, and weight lifting activities. The ECG and tri-axial accelerometer data were recorded from a wrist bands on both right and left wrists that are connected with wire through a tight suit. The reference ECG signals were recorded from chest using Holter monitor. The algorithm's accuracy was calculated by computing the mean absolute error between SegMA reconstructed HR from the wrist ECG and the reference HR from the Holter ECG. The average estimation errors using our method on this datasets are around 1 beats/min. These results show that the SegMA method has a potential for ECG-based HR monitoring in wearable devices for fitness tracking and health monitoring during intense physical activities.
Frequency Selective Surfaces as Near Infrared Electro-Magnetic Filters for Thermophotovoltaic Spectral Control (2003)

Frequency selective surfaces (FSS) effectively filter electromagnetic radiation in the microwave band (1mm to 100mm). Interest exists in extending this technology to the near infrared (1 {micro}m to 10 {micro}m) for use as a filter of thermal radiation in thermophotovoltaic (TPV) direct energy conversion. This paper assesses the ability of FSS to meet the strict spectral performance requirements of a TPV system. Inherent parasitic absorption, which is the result of the induced currents in the FSS metallization, is identified as a significant obstacle to achieving high spectral performance.
Encapsulation of hydrogen in cadmium-exchanged zeolite rho; temperature-programmed diffusion studies (1996)

Cadmium-exchanged zeolite rho encapsulates 161 µmol g–1 of hydrogen at 100 °C and 620 µmol g–1 at 200°C, (in 2 h and at 1 atm), the highest ever observed for any zeolite at 1 atm; hydrogen-exchanged zeolite rho, however, shows negligible uptake of hydrogen, providing evidence that the cadmium ion is directly responsible for hydrogen encapsulation.
Location-driven Mobility Support Architecture for Information Centric Networks (2018)

The following topics are dealt with: telecommunication traffic; Internet of Things; Internet; telecommunication network routing; cloud computing; resource allocation; mobile computing; video streaming; 5G mobile communication; and cellular radio.
Slow Light Imaging Spectroscopy with a Passive Atomic Filter (2018)

We demonstrate time delayed imaging with slow light using high positive dispersion of a passive atomic gas. This filter allows for imaging of Raman, Rayleigh, and Thomson scattering without the need of a spectrometer.
Pyrimidines from furfural. A convenient synthesis of 5‐bromo‐ and 5‐chloropyrimidine (1983)

Abstract A new method for the preparation of 5‐bromo‐ and 5‐chloropyrimidine from furfural has been described.
Efficient Simultaneous Reconstruction of Time-Varying Images and Electrode Contact Impedances in Electrical Impedance Tomography (2016)

Results are shown using data from a normal subject and from a clinical intensive care unit patient, both acquired with the GE GENESIS prototype EIT system, demonstrating significantly reduced boundary artifacts due to electrode drift and motion artifact.
31.1: <i>Invited Paper:</i> Reflective Color Display Using Cholesteric Liquid Crystals (1998)

Abstract A stacked type reflective color display using cholesteric liquid crystals has been developed. The display has high luminance and 512 color capability. This device also has display image memory features without a field owing to its intermediate multi‐stability. We will discuss a new fast addressing scheme and device constructions to obtain a intermediate stability and excellent color displaying characteristics.
Development of the Sanofi Pasteur tetravalent dengue vaccine: One more step forward (2015)

Sanofi Pasteur has developed a recombinant, live-attenuated, tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) that is in late-stage development. The present review summarizes the different steps in the development of this dengue vaccine, with a particular focus on the clinical data from three efficacy trials, which includes one proof-of-concept phase IIb (NCT00842530) and two pivotal phase III efficacy trials (NCT01373281 and NCT01374516). Earlier studies showed that the CYD-TDV candidate had a satisfactory safety profile and was immunogenic across the four vaccine serotypes in both in vitro and in vivo preclinical tests, as well as in initial phase I to phase II clinical trials in both flavivirus-naïve and seropositive individuals. Data from the 25 months (after the first injection) active phase of the two pivotal phase III efficacy studies shows that CYD-TDV (administered at 0, 6, and 12 months) is efficacious against virologically-confirmed disease (primary endpoint) and has a good safety profile. Secondary analyses also showed efficacy against all four dengue serotypes and protection against severe disease and hospitalization. The end of the active phases in these studies completes more than a decade of development of CYD-TDV, but considerable activities and efforts remain to address outstanding scientific, clinical, and immunological questions, while preparing for the introduction and use of CYD-TDV. Additional safety observations were recently reported from the first complete year of hospital phase longer term surveillance for two phase 3 studies and the first and second completed years for one phase 2b study, demonstrating the optimal age for intervention from 9 years. Dengue is a complex disease, and both short-term and long-term safety and efficacy will continue to be addressed by ongoing long-term follow-up and future post-licensure studies.
Robust real-time horizon detection in full-motion video (2014)

The ability to detect the horizon on a real-time basis in full-motion video is an important capability to aid and facilitate real-time processing of full-motion videos for the purposes such as object detection, recognition and other video/image segmentation applications. In this paper, we propose a method for real-time horizon detection that is designed to be used as a front-end processing unit for a real-time marine object detection system that carries out object detection and tracking on full-motion videos captured by ship/harbor-mounted cameras, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or any other method of surveillance for Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA). Unlike existing horizon detection work, we cannot assume a priori the angle or nature (for e.g. straight line) of the horizon, due to the nature of the application domain and the data. Therefore, the proposed real-time algorithm is designed to identify the horizon at any angle and irrespective of objects appearing close to and/or occluding the horizon line (for e.g. trees, vehicles at a distance) by accounting for its non-linear nature. We use a simple two-stage hierarchical methodology, leveraging color-based features, to quickly isolate the region of the image containing the horizon and then perform a more ne-grained horizon detection operation. In this paper, we present our real-time horizon detection results using our algorithm on real-world full-motion video data from a variety of surveillance sensors like UAVs and ship mounted cameras con rming the real-time applicability of this method and its ability to detect horizon with no a priori assumptions.
The immunology of Epstein–Barr virus infection (2001)

Epstein-Barr virus is a classic example of a persistent human virus that has caught the imagination of immunologists, virologists and oncologists because of the juxtaposition of a number of important properties. First, the ability of the virus to immortalize B lymphocytes in vitro has provided an antigen presenting cell in which all the latent antigens of the virus are displayed and are available for systematic study. Second, the virus presents an ideal system for studying the immune parameters that maintain latency and the consequences of disturbing this cell-virus relationship. Third, this wealth of immunological background has provided a platform for elucidating the role of the immune system in protection from viral-associated malignancies of B cell and epithelial cell origin. Finally, attention is now being directed towards the development of vaccine formulations which might have broad application in the control of human malignancies.
A super-precision evaluation method of ultra-low expansion glasses using the line-focus-beam ultrasonic material characterization system (2005)

A super-precision evaluation method of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ultra-low expansion glasses was developed using the line-focus-beam ultrasonic material characterization (LFB-UMC) system. Evaluation was demonstrated for TiO2-SiO2 glass. The sensitivity and resolution in the velocity measurement of leaky surface acoustic waves (LSAWs) in CTE were estimated to be 4.40 (ppb/K)/(m/s) and ±0.77 ppb/K for ±2σ (σ: standard deviation) at 225 MHz. LSAW velocity differences caused by different TiO2 concentrations and distributions or striae in the specimens were successfully detected and evaluated, providing two-dimensional information under the nondestructive and noncontact measurement condition. This ultrasonic method is much more accurate than conventional methods, for evaluating CTE on the surface of ultra-low-expansion glass materials needed for extreme ultra-violet lithography (EUVL) systems.
Multiwavelength mode-locked InGaAsP laser operating at 12 ch/spl times/2 GHz and 16 ch/spl times/10 GHz (2002)

In this letter, we report on the development and characterization of an InGaAsP semiconductor optical amplifier-(SOA) based ring cavity laser that emits up to 16 wavelengths in the 1550-nm region. The laser is loss modulation mode locked at up to 10 GHz with temporal pulses of /spl sim/25 ps. Spectral control of the emission is accomplished by an intracavity 4-f spectral pulse shaper with a programmable liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) in the Fourier plane. Voltage control of the transmissibility of the pixels of the SLM defines the wavelength channels and allows flattening of channels to produce a uniform intensity of channel outputs.
Sockets API Extensions for the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) (2011)

This document describes a mapping of the Stream Control Transmission
Protocol SCTP into a sockets API. The benefits of this mapping include
compatibility for TCP applications, access to new SCTP features and a
consolidated error and event notification scheme.
Photochemically Patterned Biliary Stents with Integrated Permanent Magnets and Deformable Assembly Features for Wireless Magnetoelastic Tissue Growth Sensing (2007)

Sludge accumulation in biliary stents causes a loss of patency, leading to complications such as jaundice. We report batch-fabricated biliary stents with integrated magnetoelastic sensors for monitoring tissue growth. Integrated neodymium magnets bias the sensor and remove a source of measurement error. Paraffin mass loads up to 44.2 mg simulated tissue growth on 37.5×2 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , 28 μm thick sensors. A resonant frequency shift from 58.81 kHz to 34.42 kHz was observed. The sensor provides a usable signal to the interrogation system if present within at least a 320 cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> volume adjacent to the interrogation coils.
Optical interference, contrast-enhanced electroluminescent device (1992)

A contrast enhancement for electroluminescent displays that uses optical interference is described. The reflection of ambient light from a display can be greatly reduced through the addition of thin-film optical components. In particular, a black layer system consisting of a dielectric layer and a thin absorbing layer is able to reduce the luminous reflectance from 75% to 3% when deposited next to the aluminum counterelectrode. Furthermore, with the addition of several other thin-film optical layers, the luminous reflectance can be decreased to 0.4% while also decreasing the sensitivity of the reflectance to the thicknesses of the electro-optic layers. Theoretical examples of different layer systems with and without optical components are provided. A prototype display that incorporates a black layer system was built, and a luminous reflectance of 3% was achieved.
The mutant selection window and antimicrobial resistance (2003)

The mutant selection window is an antimicrobial concentration range extending from the minimal concentration required to block the growth of wild-type bacteria up to that required to inhibit the growth of the least susceptible, single-step mutant. The upper boundary is also called the mutant prevention concentration (MPC). Placing antimicrobial concentrations inside the window is expected to enrich resistant mutant subpopulations selectively, whereas placing concentrations above the window is expected to restrict selective enrichment. Since window dimensions are characteristic of each pathogen-antimicrobial combination, they can be linked with antimicrobial pharmacokinetics to rank compounds and dosing regimens in terms of their propensity to enrich mutant fractions of bacterial populations. For situations in which antimicrobial concentrations cannot be kept above the window, restricting the enrichment of mutants requires combination therapy.
Noise tailoring for scalable quantum computation via randomized compiling (2016)

Quantum computers are poised to radically outperform their classical counterparts by manipulating coherent quantum systems. A realistic quantum computer will experience errors due to the environment and imperfect control. When these errors are even partially coherent, they present a major obstacle to performing robust computations. Here, we propose a method for introducing independent random single-qubit gates into the logical circuit in such a way that the effective logical circuit remains unchanged. We prove that this randomization tailors the noise into stochastic Pauli errors, which can dramatically reduce error rates while introducing little or no experimental overhead. Moreover, we prove that our technique is robust to the inevitable variation in errors over the randomizing gates and numerically illustrate the dramatic reductions in worst-case error that are achievable. Given such tailored noise, gates with significantly lower fidelity---comparable to fidelities realized in current experiments---are sufficient to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computation. Furthermore, the worst-case error rate of the tailored noise can be directly and efficiently measured through randomized benchmarking protocols, enabling a rigorous certification of the performance of a quantum computer.
Rifaximin Is Safe and Well Tolerated for Long-term Maintenance of Remission From Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy (2013)

Long-term treatment (≥24 mo) with rifaximin (550 mg, twice daily) appears to provide a continued reduction in the rate of HE-related and all-cause hospitalization, without an increased rate of adverse events. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00686920.
Robust image coding using the embedded zerotree wavelet algorithm (2002)

We present a new family of image compression algorithms derived from Shapiro's embedded zerotree wavelet (EZW) coder. These new algorithms introduce robustness to transmission errors into the bit stream while still preserving its embedded structure. This is done by partitioning the wavelet coefficients into groups, coding each group independently, and interleaving the bit streams for transmission-thus, if one bit is corrupted, then only one of these bit streams will be truncated in the decoder. If each group of wavelet coefficients uniformly spans the entire image, then the objective and subjective qualities of the reconstructed image can be very good even when an error occurs. To illustrate the advantages of this new family, we compare the performance of some of its members to that of the conventional EZW coder. For example, one of the robust variations has a peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) slightly lower than the conventional algorithm when no errors occur (-0.12 dB for Lena and -0.5 dB for Barbara, both coded at 1.0 bits/pixel), but when a single error occurs at bit 1000, the PSNR of the new coder is more than 5 dB higher for both test images. The PSNR versus the bit error position is shown using two different partitionings of the wavelet coefficients and four interleaved bit streams.
Biosolids Minimization Using Integrated Alkaline Sludge Hydrolysis and Biological Nutrient Removal Process (2007)

Biosolids Minimization Using Integrated Alkaline Sludge Hydrolysis and Biological Nutrient Removal ProcessThis paper presents a pilot-scale evaluation of an integrated approach to sludge management utilizing a combination of biological nutrient removal and biosolids alkaline hydrolysis, as well as attempts to explore the impact of recycled alkaline hydrolysates on sludge yield and anaerobic digestion. The novel concept of converting an existing conventional activated sludge (CAS) wastewater treatment...Author(s)A. LugowskiG. NakhlaJ. PatelK. ShularA. SinghSourceProceedings of the Water Environment FederationSubjectSession 23: Lower Your Sludge Production ExpectationsDocument typeConference PaperPublisherWater Environment FederationPrint publication date Oct, 2007ISSN1938-6478SICI1938-6478(20071001)2007:17L.1739;1-DOI10.2175/193864707788116185Volume / Issue2007 / 17Content sourceWEFTECFirst / last page(s)1739 - 1750Copyright2007Word count276Subject keywordsBIOLOGICAL NUTRIENT REMOVALALKALINE SLUDGE HYDROLYSISPHOSPHOROUSBIOSOLIDSSLUDGE YIELD
Stability Improvement of High-Pressure-Ratio Turbocharger Centrifugal Compressor by Asymmetric Flow Control: Part II—Non-Axisymmetric Self Recirculation Casing Treatment (2010)

This is the Part II of a two-part paper involving the development of asymmetric flow control method to widen the operating range of a turbocharger centrifugal compressor with high-pressure-ratio. Non-axisymmetric Self Recirculation Casing Treatment (SRCT) as an instance of asymmetric flow control method is presented. Experimental and numerical methods were used to investigate the impact of non-axisymmetric SRCT on surge point of the centrifugal compressor. Firstly, the influence of the geometry of a symmetric SRCT on the compressor performance was studied by means of numerical simulation. The key parameter of the SRCT was found to be the distance from the main blade leading edge to the rear groove (Sr). Next, several arrangements of a non-axisymmetric SRCT were designed, based on flow analysis presented in Part I. Then, a series of experiments was carried out to analyze the influence of non-axisymmetric SRCT on the compressor performance. Results show that the non-axisymmetry SRCT has certain influence on performance and has a larger potential for stability improvement than the traditional symmetric SRCT. For the investigated SRCT, the surge flow rate of the compressor with the non-axisymmetric SRCT is about 10% lower than that of the compressor with symmetric SRCT. The largest surge margin (smallest surge flow rate) can be obtained when the phase of the largest Sr is coincident with the phase of the minimum static pressure in the vicinity of the leading edge of the splitter blades.
Binary mask estimation for improved speech intelligibility in reverberant environments (2012)

A blind (non-ideal) time-frequency (T-F) masking technique is proposed for suppressing reverberation. A binary mask is estimated at each T-F unit by extracting a single variance-based feature from the reverberant signal and comparing its value against an adaptive threshold. The performance of the estimated binary mask is evaluated using intelligibility listening tests with hearing impaired listeners in four moderate to highly reverberant conditions. Results indicated that the proposed T-F masking technique yielded significant improvements in intelligibility even in highly reverberant conditions (T60 = 1.0 s). This improvement was attributed to the recovery of the vowel/consonant boundaries which are severely smeared in reverberation.
Structure-Based Design Leads to the Identification of Lithium Mimetics That Block Mania-like Effects in Rodents. Possible New GSK-3β Therapies for Bipolar Disorders (2007)

More than two million American adults, or approximately one percent of the population 18 years or older, suffer from bipolar disorder. Current treatments include the so-called "mood stabilizers," lithium and valproic acid. Both are relatively dated drugs that are only partially effective and produce various undesirable side effects including weight gain. Based upon continued efforts to understand the molecular target for lithium, it now appears that specific inhibitors of the enzyme glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) may mimic the therapeutic action of mood stabilizers and might therefore allow for the design of improved drugs for treating patients with bipolar disorder as well as certain neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, the pro-apoptotic properties of the GSK-3 enzyme suggest the possible use of such inhibitors as neuroprotective agents. In fact, neuroprotection may contribute to the treatment of mood disorders. The present chemistry, modeling, and biology efforts have identified 3-benzofuranyl-4-indolylmaleimides as potent and relatively selective GSK-3beta inhibitors. The best ligand in this series (having a Ki value of 4.6 nM against GSK-3beta) was studied in a novel mouse model of mania that has recently been validated with several clinically effective mood stabilizers. This study presents the first demonstration of the efficacy of a GSK-3beta inhibitor in this mouse model of mania. Selective brain penetrable GSK-3 ligands like those described herein become valuable research tools in better defining the role of this multifaceted kinase in both physiological and pathophysiological events.
Development and Characterization of Novel and Selective Inhibitors of Cytochrome P450 CYP26A1, the Human Liver Retinoic Acid Hydroxylase (2016)

Cytochrome P450 CYP26 enzymes are responsible for all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) clearance. Inhibition of CYP26 enzymes will increase endogenous atRA concentrations and is an attractive therapeutic target. However, the selectivity and potency of the existing atRA metabolism inhibitors toward CYP26A1 and CYP26B1 is unknown, and no selective CYP26A1 or CYP26B1 inhibitors have been developed. Here the synthesis and potent inhibitory activity of the first CYP26A1 selective inhibitors is reported. A series of nonazole CYP26A1 selective inhibitors was identified with low nM potency. The lead compound 3-{4-[2-(5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl] phenyl}4-propanoic acid (24) had 43-fold selectivity toward CYP26A1 with an IC50 of 340 nM. Compound 24 and its two structural analogues also inhibited atRA metabolism in HepG2 cells, resulting in increased potency of atRA toward RAR activation. The identified compounds have potential to become novel treatments aiming to elevate endogenous atRA concentrations and may be useful as cotreatment with atRA to combat therapy resistance.