gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Closed-chest cell injections into mouse myocardium guided by high-resolution echocardiography (2005)

The mouse is an important model for the development of therapeutic stem cell/bone marrow cell implantation to treat ischemic myocardium. However, its small heart size hampers accurate implantation into the left ventricular (LV) wall. Precise injections have required surgical visualization of the heart, which is subject to complications and is impractical for delayed or repeated injections. Furthermore, the thickness of the myocardium is comparable to the length of a needle bevel, so surgical exposure does not prevent inadvertent injection into the LV cavity. We describe the use of high-resolution echocardiography to guide nonsurgical injections accurately into the mouse myocardial wall. We optimized this system by using a mixture of ultrasound contrast and fluorescent microspheres injected into the myocardium, which enabled us to interpret the ultrasound image of the needle during injection. Quantitative dye injection studies demonstrated that guided closed-chest injections and open-chest injections deliver comparable amounts of injectate to the myocardium. We successfully used this system in a mouse myocardial infarction model to target the injection of labeled cells to a region adjacent to the infarct. Intentional injection of tracer into the LV cavity resulted in a small accumulation in the myocardium, suggesting that non-guided cell injections into mouse hearts may appear to be successful even if the majority of the injectate is lost in the chamber. The use of this system will allow more precise cellular implantation into the mouse myocardium by accurately guiding injections to desired locations, confirming successful implantation of cells, in a clinically relevant time frame.
Parallel Processing of Multi-Core Processor and GPUs in Projection Step for Efficient Fluid Simulation (2013)

최근 영화나 CF등에 사용되는 컴퓨터 그래픽스(Computer Graphics, 이하 CG)분야의 유체 시뮬레이션에서는 CPU와 GPU를 혼합하여 사용하는 기술들이 소개되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 유체 시뮬레이션 수행을 위한 투영 단계에서 멀티쓰레드를 이용하여 기존의 CPU와 GPU 간의 작업을 순차적으로 수행하던 방식을 개선하여 CPU와 GPU 간의 작업을 병렬처리 방법을 제시하였다. 제시된 방법을 통해 많은 계산량을 필요로 하는 유체시뮬레이션의 효율성을 높일 수 있었다. In these days, the state-of-art technologies employ the heterogeneous parallelization of CPU and GPU for fluid simulations in the field of computer graphics. In this paper, we present a novel CPU-GPU parallel algorithm that solves projection step of fluid simulation more efficiently than existing sequential CPU-GPU processing. Fluid simulation that requires high computational resources can be carried out efficiently by the proposed method.
Defective Proteolytic Processing of Fibrillar Procollagens and Prodecorin Due to Biallelic <i>BMP1</i> Mutations Results in a Severe, Progressive Form of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (2015)

Whereas the vast majority of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is caused by autosomal dominant defects in the genes encoding type I procollagen, mutations in a myriad of genes affecting type I procollagen biosynthesis or bone formation and homeostasis have now been associated with rare autosomal recessive OI forms. Recently, homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in BMP1, encoding the metalloproteases bone morphogenetic protein-1 (BMP1) and its longer isoform mammalian Tolloid (mTLD), were identified in 5 children with a severe autosomal recessive form of OI and in 4 individuals with mild to moderate bone fragility. BMP1/mTLD functions as the procollagen carboxy-(C)-proteinase for types I to III procollagen but was also suggested to participate in amino-(N)-propeptide cleavage of types V and XI procollagens and in proteolytic trimming of other extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates. We report the phenotypic characteristics and natural history of 4 adults with severe, progressive OI characterized by numerous fractures, short stature with rhizomelic shortening, and deformity of the limbs and variable kyphoscoliosis, in whom we identified novel biallelic missense and frameshift mutations in BMP1. We show that BMP1/mTLD-deficiency in humans not only results in delayed cleavage of the type I procollagen C-propeptide but also hampers the processing of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan prodecorin, a regulator of collagen fibrillogenesis. Immunofluorescent staining of types I and V collagen and transmission electron microscopy of the dermis show impaired assembly of heterotypic type I/V collagen fibrils in the ECM. Our study thus highlights the severe and progressive nature of BMP1-associated OI in adults and broadens insights into the functional consequences of BMP1/mTLD-deficiency on ECM organization.
De minotauro yendo a mariposa: aproximación a los símbolos prehispánicos en la poesía de José Martí (2011)

El 8 de abril de 1895, en el trayecto de Montecristi a Cabo Haitiano, Martí escribía en su diario: “Leo sobre indios”. Más adelante precisaría que su lectura trataba sobre la heroica resistencia de los aztecas frente a las tropas de Hernán Cortés. Esos breves y concisos apuntes, hechos apenas seis semanas antes de su muerte en combate, dan una idea de la importancia que siempre concedió el poeta cubano a la temática del indio americano. Martí estuvo al tanto de los hallazgos arqueológicos de su tiempo, como lo demuestra su mención de algunos de los templos descubierto, de la escultura del Chac Mool o de los antiguos libros indígenas como el Chilam Balam y el Popol Vuh; así como del hallazgo en Veracruz de una piedra esculpida con la figura de un indio con un pescado y un conejo, lo que vino a ser uno de los primeros testimonios de la cultura olmeca. Fue amigo, además, de Alfredo Chavero, el ilustre arqueólogo mexicano, y por otra parte, es de suponer que visitara los principales centros arqueológicos de las culturas maya y náhuatl. En el ámbito público no dudó nunca en denunciar el saqueo y el tráfico de antigüedades prehispánicas.
Microsatellite instability in Muir-Torre syndrome. (1994)

Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) is characterized by the presence of at least one sebaceous tumor and at least one visceral malignancy. Although a wide range of internal malignancies have been reported, the most frequently observed internal neoplasm is colorectal carcinoma. MTS and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma (HNPCC) share many clinical and pathological characteristics and thus may share similar genetic mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Recently, microsatellite instability (MIN) has been reported in tumor tissue from patients with HNPCC. In order to determine if tumors from MTS patients might also show MIN, we examined DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues for the presence of MIN at (CA)n repeats on chromosomes 5q, 15q, 17p, and 18q. Data was obtained on 13 patients, 9 of which had at least one colorectal tumor. Of these, six demonstrated widespread MIN in all sebaceous and colorectal tumors examined, as well as in a transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis, a prostatic adenocarcinoma and a keratoacanthoma. Overall, patients with MIN differed from patients without MIN in several respects, the most important of which include: (a) uniform presence and early onset of colorectal cancer (average age, 40 versus 70 years); (b) prolonged survival following diagnosis of visceral malignancy (median survival, 32 versus 11 years); and (c) a greater number of visceral and skin tumors. These data suggests that patients with MTS may be composed of at least two subgroups, each demonstrating different genetic, pathological and clinical features. Furthermore, the subgroup demonstrating MIN may share similar genetic mechanisms of tumorigenesis with patients having HNPCC, supporting the notion that these syndromes are allelic.
Cryptoendolithic growth of the red alga<i>Galdieria sulphuraria</i>in volcanic areas (1998)

The habitat of the acido- and thermophilic red algae Galdieria sulphuraria and Cyanidium caldarium was examined in acidic hot sulphur springs in the vicinity of Naples (Italy). These species grew on soil and rocks, but a large part of the populations was cryptoendolithic. The endolithic algal layer (1–3 mm in thickness) was covered by amorphous silica (1–2 mm in thickness) containing traces of hydrotroilite (FeS.nH2O) and elemental sulphur. Organotrophic bacteria and fungi were not found in the algal layer. Light penetration measurements showed that 0·1–1% of the sunlight reached the upper part of the algal layer. Thus, low-light-adapted algae should be able to perform some photosynthesis in this endolithic habitat. Under conditions where light is even more limited, e.g. in winter or after darkening of the covering layer, many of the cells might not survive. Aqueous extracts of these algae are excellent growth substrates for Galdieria sulphuraria. Therefore, we propose that compounds released from dead cells in the endolithic layer are used by the surrounding Galdieria cells for heterotrophic metabolism. This would increase their chance of surviving prolonged periods under detrimental conditions.
Sequential Titration of Bovine Lung and Serum Antibodies After Parenteral or Pulmonary Inoculation with Pasteurella haemolytica (1979)

Calves were vaccinated by intrabronchial or subcutaneous injection of formalinized Pasteurella haemolytica. Antibody in serum, nasal washings, and bronchoalveolar washings was titrated sequentially before and after calves were vaccinated and then challenge exposed with live homologous bacteria. Bronchoalveolar washings were collected by fiberoptics bronchoscopy, and antibody was titrated by indirect (antiglobulin) bacterial agglutination. Responsiveness to vaccination was related in initial serum antibody concentrations. Calves with serum antibody titers of 1:20 or more were nonresponsive, whereas with few exceptions, calves having titers of less than 1:20 responded to vaccination. Results indicated that serum and lung antibody were induced by subcutaneous or by intrabronchial inoculation of formalinized P haemolytica. By either route of immunization, serum antibody was more persistent than was lung antibody, and pulmonary challenge exposure with live P haemolytica did not alter existing titers.
Transmit pre-emphasis for high-speed time-division-multiplexed serial-link transceiver (2003)

Time division multiplexing (TDM) must be employed in multi-Gb/s transceivers in order to overcome onchip clock frequency limitations. This paper describes a transmit pre-emphasis filter for a multi-level transceiver making use of TDM. The possible applications of such a transceiver include serial links and chip-to-chip communication. The requirement of very low probability of error in the absence of coding, and the need for an adaptive solution impose a peak transmit power constraint. The TDM system is mapped to a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system, and the noise sources are analyzed. The design of the pre-emphasis filter is shown to be a non-convex optimization problem, whose optimal solution is very difficult to obtain. Still, sub-optimal solutions are derived in closed form and adaptive implementations are described. Simulation results using parameters obtained from an experimental testbed indicate that these sub-optimal solutions actually achieve very good performance.
Evaluation of Alternative Fly Ashes as Supplementary Cementitious Materials (2019)

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Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) induces metastatic potential and apoptosis escape via its antioxidative function in lung cancer cells (2017)

Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) gene polymorphisms have been closely associated with the development of advanced cancers while PON1 secretion to the serum is linked with inhibition of oxidized high-density lipoprotein by its antioxidative function. Our group previously demonstrated that post-translational modification of serum PON1 in form of fucosylated PON1 is a potential biomarker of small cell lung cancer. Here, we interrogated the role of PON1 in the pathobiology of lung cancer (LC) by addressing cell-autonomous mechanisms using gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches and protein expression profiling of tissue samples in our clinical biobank. PON1 expression in LC patient tissues varied between overexpression in squamous cell carcinoma and minimal loss in adenocarcinoma sub-types. Simultaneous overexpression of PON1 both at the gene and protein stability levels induced pro-oncogenic characteristics in LC cells and xenografts. PON1 overexpression supported metastatic progression of LC by decreasing G1/S ratio and LC cell senescence involving p21Waf1/Cip1. PON1 suppressed drug- and ligand-induced cell death and protected LC cells from genotoxic damages with maintained ATP levels, requiring p53-directed signals. PON1 promoted ROS deregulation protecting the mitochondria from dysregulation. PON1 knockdown resulted in the blockage of its antioxidant function in LC cells through Akt signaling with reduced invasive signature as a consequence of scant expression. Targeted glycolysis stimulated PON1 antioxidant activity regulating phosphorylation of AMPK-α. The functional data imply that exploitation of the antioxidative function of PON1 is consequential in driving LC pathogenesis at the cell-autonomous mechanistic level with consequences on tumor growth.
Right Triangles in Traditional Mathematics of China and Korea (2005)

We briefly survey the history of Chinese mathematics which concerns the resolution of right triangles. And we analyse the problems Yucigugosulyodohae(劉氏勾股述要圖解) which is the mathematical book of Chosun Dynasty and contains the 224 problems about right triangles only. Among them, 210 problems are for resolution of right triangles. We also present the methods for generating the Pythagorean triples and constructing polynomial equations in Yucigugosulyodohae which are needed for resolving right triangles.
SWIFT FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS OF CANDIDATE GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE TRANSIENT EVENTS (2012)

ABSTRACT We present the first multi-wavelength follow-up observations of two candidate gravitational-wave (GW) transient events recorded by LIGO and Virgo in their 2009–2010 science run. The events were selected with low latency by the network of GW detectors (within less than 10 minutes) and their candidate sky locations were observed by the Swift observatory (within 12 hr). Image transient detection was used to analyze the collected electromagnetic data, which were found to be consistent with background. Off-line analysis of the GW data alone has also established that the selected GW events show no evidence of an astrophysical origin; one of them is consistent with background and the other one was a test, part of a “blind injection challenge.” With this work we demonstrate the feasibility of rapid follow-ups of GW transients and establish the sensitivity improvement joint electromagnetic and GW observations could bring. This is a first step toward an electromagnetic follow-up program in the regime of routine detections with the advanced GW instruments expected within this decade. In that regime, multi-wavelength observations will play a significant role in completing the astrophysical identification of GW sources. We present the methods and results from this first combined analysis and discuss its implications in terms of sensitivity for the present and future instruments.
Distribution and Metabolism of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols <i>In Vivo</i> (2004)

We present here current data on the distribution and metabolism of vitamin E analogs in vivo. There are eight different naturally occurring forms of vitamin E: four tocopherols (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-Toc) and four tocotrienols (α-, β-, γ-, and δ-Toc-3). With regard to the bioavailability of vitamin E, it has been established that the affinity of various vitamin E analogs for α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP), which may determine their plasma levels, is a major determinant of their biological activity. However, a novel function of Toc-3 has been noted as a result of its unique distribution in the skin and the adipose tissue. In addition, following the discovery that the final metabolites of Toc and Toc-3 are in the form of carboxyethyl hydroxychroman, it is now possible to examine the intermediary metabolites of vitamin E analogs. The metabolism of vitamin E is known to be involved in the actions of drug metabolic enzymes (CYP3A, CYP4F2). However, the relationship between α-TTP and the metabolic enzymes that are responsible for the regulation of vitamin E metabolism has yet to be clarified. Future research will focus on the elucidation of the vitamin E metabolic regulation system.
General Working Principles of CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbX<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Solar Cells (2014)

Organometal halide perovskite-based solar cells have recently realized large conversion efficiency over 15% showing great promise for a new large scale cost-competitive photovoltaic technology. Using impedance spectroscopy measurements we are able to separate the physical parameters of carrier transport and recombination in working devices of the two principal morphologies and compositions of perovskite solar cells, viz. compact thin films of CH3NH3PbI(3-x)Clx and CH3NH3PbI3 infiltrated on nanostructured TiO2. The results show nearly identical spectral characteristics indicating a unique photovoltaic operating mechanism that provides long diffusion lengths (1 μm). Carrier conductivity in both devices is closely matched, so that the most significant differences in performance are attributed to recombination rates. These results highlight the central role of the CH3NH3PbX3 semiconductor absorber in carrier collection and provide a new tool for improved optimization of perovskite solar cells. We report for the first time a measurement of the diffusion length in a nanostructured perovskite solar cell.
On the practical complexity of solving the maximum weighted independent set problem for optimal scheduling in wireless networks (2008)

It is well known that the maximum weighted independent set (MWIS) problem is NP-complete. Moreover, optimal scheduling in wireless networks requires solving a MWIS problem. Consequently, it is widely believed that optimal scheduling cannot be solved in practical networks. However, there are many cases where there is a significant difference between worst-case complexity and practical complexity. This paper examines the practical complexity of the MWIS problem through extensive computational experimentation. In all, over 10000 topologies are examined. It is found that the MWIS problem can be solved quickly, for example, for a 2048 node topology, it can be solved in approximately one second. Moreover, it appears that the average computational complexity grows polynomially with the number of nodes and linearly with the mean degree of the conflict graph.
Inhibiting Heat Shock Factor 1 in Human Cancer Cells with a Potent RNA Aptamer (2014)

Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is a master regulator that coordinates chaperone protein expression to enhance cellular survival in the face of heat stress. In cancer cells, HSF1 drives a transcriptional program distinct from heat shock to promote metastasis and cell survival. Its strong association with the malignant phenotype implies that HSF1 antagonists may have general and effective utilities in cancer therapy. For this purpose, we had identified an avid RNA aptamer for HSF1 that is portable among different model organisms. Extending our previous work in yeast and Drosophila, here we report the activity of this aptamer in human cancer cell lines. When delivered into cells using a synthetic gene and strong promoter, this aptamer was able to prevent HSF1 from binding to its DNA regulation elements. At the cellular level, expression of this aptamer induced apoptosis and abolished the colony-forming capability of cancer cells. At the molecular level, it reduced chaperones and attenuated the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway. Collectively, these data demonstrate the advantage of aptamers in drug target validation and support the hypothesis that HSF1 DNA binding activity is a potential target for controlling oncogenic transformation and neoplastic growth.
Design and Implementation of a Mobile Wireless Reading System Based on J2ME (2005)

This paper introduces the architecture and function of a mobile wireless reading system based on J2ME. It is used for providing value- added services such as on-line reading news, stories, jokes and electronic books for GPRS mobile users. The implementation technology of mobile reading program is presented in detail.
Secure Cooperative Data Downloading in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (2013)

In this paper, we propose a secure cooperative data downloading framework for paid services in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). In our framework, vehicles download data when they pass by a road side unit (RSU) and then share the data after they travel out of the RSU's coverage. A fundamental issue of cooperative data downloading is how vehicles effectively share data with each other. We develop an application layer data sharing protocol which coordinates the vehicles to relay data for sharing according to their positions. Such coordinated sharing can avoid collisions in the medium access control (MAC) layer and the hidden terminal issue in multi-hop transmissions. A salient feature of the proposed sharing protocol is that it can guarantee the receipt of the requested data file for each applicant vehicle passing a road side unit. Moreover, we also address security and privacy issues in the process of data downloading and sharing, ensuring applicants' exclusive access to the applied data and privacy of the vehicles involved in the application. We carry out NS2 simulations to thoroughly examine the performance of the proposed cooperative downloading protocol implemented over an 802.11p based VANETs.
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) inhibits influenza A viral infection by disrupting viral proton channel M2 (2018)

Influenza is a persistent threat to human health and there is a continuing requirement for updating anti-influenza strategies. Initiated by observations of different endoplasmic reticulum (ER) responses of host to seasonal H1N1 and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A H5N1 infections, we identified an alternative antiviral role of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a clinically available ER stress inhibitor, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. Rather than modulating ER stress in host cells, TUDCA abolished the proton conductivity of viral M2 by disrupting its oligomeric states, which induces inefficient viral infection. We also showed that M2 penetrated cells, whose intracellular uptake depended on its proton channel activity, an effect observed in both TUDCA and M2 inhibitor amantadine. The identification and application of TUDCA as an inhibitor of M2 proton channel will expand our understanding of IAV biology and complement current anti-IAV arsenals.
Label-free biochemical quantitative phase imaging with mid-infrared photothermal effect (2020)

Label-free optical imaging is valuable in biology and medicine because of its non-destructive nature. Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) and molecular vibrational imaging (MVI) are the two most successful label-free methods, providing morphological and biochemical information, respectively. These techniques have enabled numerous applications as they have matured over the past few decades; however, their label-free contrasts are inherently complementary and difficult to integrate due to their reliance on different light–matter interactions. Here we present a unified imaging scheme with simultaneous and in situ acquisition of quantitative phase and molecular vibrational contrasts of single cells in the QPI framework using the mid-infrared photothermal effect. The robust integration of subcellular morphological and biochemical label-free measurements may enable new analyses, especially for studying complex and fragile biological phenomena such as drug delivery, cellular disease, and stem cell development, where long-time observation of unperturbed cells is needed under low phototoxicity.