gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Scheduling and Situation-Adaptive Operation for Energy Efficiency of Hot Press Forging Factory (2018)

Hot press forging is the process of shaping heated metal into a desired configuration by applying pressure. It is a highly energy consuming process due to the need of heating the metal to a high temperature. To save the energy, we propose to optimize job dispatching policy to be used for scheduling the jobs, by searching through the policy space. In doing so, each candidate policy is to be evaluated through a simulation of applying the policy to scenarios of forging productions. For simulations fast enough to enable the search, we use predictive models for energy and time cost of each processing equipment, obtained by learning from the process data collected via IoT sensors. The dispatching policy thus obtained also enables adaptation to changing situations by being used to reschedule the jobs in a real time.
Content-aware automatic cropping for consumer photos (2013)

Consumer photos are typically authored once, but need to be retargeted for reuse in various situations. These include printing a photo on different size paper, changing the size and aspect ratio of an embedded photo to accommodate the dynamic content layout of web pages or documents, adapting a large photo for browsing on small displays such as mobile phone screens, and improving the aesthetic quality of a photo that was badly composed at the capture time. In this paper, we propose a novel, effective, and comprehensive content-aware automatic cropping (hereafter referred to as "autocrop") method for consumer photos to achieve the above purposes. Our autocrop method combines the state-of-the-art context-aware saliency detection algorithm, which aims to infer the likely intent of the photographer, and the "branch-and-bound" efficient subwindow search optimization technique, which seeks to locate the globally optimal cropping rectangle in a fast manner. Unlike most current autocrop methods, which can only crop a photo into an arbitrary rectangle, our autocrop method can automatically crop a photo into either a rectangle of arbitrary dimensions or a rectangle of the desired aspect ratio specified by the user. The aggressiveness of the cropping operation may be either automatically determined by the method or manually indicated by the user with ease. In addition, our autocrop method is extended to support the cropping of a photo into non-rectangular shapes such as polygons of any number of sides. It may also be potentially extended to return multiple cropping suggestions, which will enable the creation of new photos to enrich the original photo collections. Our experimental results show that the proposed autocrop method in this paper can generate high-quality crops for consumer photos of various types.
Erratum: Fiberoptic microneedles: Novel optical diffusers for interstitial delivery of therapeutic light (2011)

Abstract Background and Objectives Photothermal therapies have limited efficacy and application due to the poor penetration depth of light inside tissue. In earlier work, we described the development of novel fiberoptic microneedles to provide a means to mechanically penetrate dermal tissue and deliver light directly into a localized target area. This paper presents an alternate fiberoptic microneedle design with the capability of delivering more diffuse, but therapeutically useful photothermal energy. Laser lipolysis is envisioned as a future clinical application for this design. Materials and Methods A novel fiberoptic microneedle was developed using hydrofluoric acid etching of optical fiber to permit diffuse optical delivery. Microneedles etched for 10, 30, and 50 minutes, and an optical fiber control were compared with three techniques. First, red light delivery from the microneedles was evaluated by imaging the reflectance of the light from a white paper. Second, spatial temperature distribution of the paper in response to near‐IR light (1,064 nm, 1 W CW) was recorded using infrared thermography. Third, ex vivo adipose tissue response during 1,064 nm, (5 W CW) irradiation was recorded with bright field microscopy. Results Acid etching exposed a 3 mm length of the fiber core, allowing circumferential delivery of light along this length. Increasing etching time decreased microneedle diameter, resulting in increased uniformity of red and 1,064 nm light delivery along the microneedle axis. For equivalent total energy delivery, thinner microneedles reduced carbonization in the adipose tissue experiments. Conclusions We developed novel microscale optical diffusers that provided a more homogeneous light distribution from their surfaces, and compared performance to a flat‐cleaved fiber, a device currently utilized in clinical practice. These fiberoptic microneedles can potentially enhance clinical laser procedures by providing direct delivery of diffuse light to target chromophores, while minimizing undesirable photothermal damage in adjacent, non‐target tissue. Lasers Surg. Med. 43:914‐920, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
<title>Advancements in design of an autonomous satellite docking system</title> (2004)

ABSTRACT The past five years has witnessed a significant increase in the attention given to on-orbit satellite docking and servicing. Recent world events have proven how we have come to rely on our space assets, especially during times of crisis. It has become abundantly clear that the ability to autonomously rendezvous, dock, inspect and service both military and civilian assets is no longer a nicety, but a necessity. Reconnaissance and communications satellites, even the space shuttle and International Space Station, could benefit from this capability. Michigan Aerospace Corporation, with funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), has been refining a compact, light, compliant soft-docking system. Earlier prototypes have been tested on the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) flat-floor as well as on the Johnson Space Flight Center (JSC) KC-135 micro-gravity aircraft. Over the past year, refinements have been made to the mechanism based on the lessons learned from these tests. This paper discusses the optimal design that has resulted. Keywords: Autonomous, rendezvous, servicing, simulation, KC-135, soft-dock, docking
Common-mode voltage reduction for regenerative AC drives (2012)

When the conventional space vector PWM (SVPWM) schemes are applied to regenerative AC drives, very high neutral to ground voltages are generated at the motor. This can result in premature failure of the motor bearings and stator winding insulation to ground. The DC bus to ground voltage may also be elevated to very high levels, resulting in failure of various components within the drive.
Regression of glioma tumor growth in F98 and U87 rat glioma models by the Nitrone OKN-007 (2013)

OKN-007 may be considered as a promising therapeutic addition or alternative for the treatment of aggressive human gliomas.
High-Power Microwaves from a Nonisochronic Reflecting Electron System (1977)

High-power microwave radiation is observed when a positive pulse is applied to an anode of a reflex triode. The frequency of radiation varies as $f\ensuremath{\sim}\frac{{V}^{\frac{1}{2}}}{{D}^{n}}$, where $V$ is the anode voltage, $D$ is the cathode-virtual-cathode spacing, and $0<n<~1$. The basic features of the radiation are explained by a theoretical model which predicts particle bunching as a result of the energy dependence of the electron oscillation frequency.
Channel-Calculating Logic for a TV Tuning System (1978)

A digital television receiver tuning circuit has been developed. The circuit accepts multiplexed BCD channel numbers from any user control circuit providing data in that format. When a new channel is called for, the acquisition time is minimized by rapidly sweeping a voltage-controlled local oscillator until over-shoot of the desired frequency is detected and then switching to phase-locked-loop operation to achieve exact tuning. In the PLL mode, the local oscillator frequency is divided by a modulus that depends on the channel number. The logic provides a variable modulus by presetting a counter to a state common to all channels in the band and counting until a match to the desired channel number is obtained. Operation in the channel number domain substantially reduces the amount of ROM required in contrast to other techniques. The counter output is compared to a reference frequency and frequency/phase comparator output pulses produce changes in the tuning voltage to keep the local oscillator tuned to the standard channel frequency. Although PLL operation is adequate in most environments, nonstandard carrier frequencies must be accommodated. A local option switch permits release to a conventional AFC after the PLL has tuned exactly to the standard channel frequency. In the AFC mode, the digital system monitors the local oscillator and initiates a tuning cycle only if the frequency deviates from the standard frequency by a prescribed amount. Careful attention to speed considerations and partitioning have permitted this circuit to be achieved in a custom PMOS IC with only 18 pins.
Synthesis method for field programmable gate arrays (1993)

Logic synthesis algorithms and methods for field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are reviewed. The three most popular types of FPGA architectures are considered, namely, those using logic blocks based on lookup-tables, multiplexers, and wide AND/OR arrays, respectively. The emphasis is on tools that attempt to minimize the area of the combinational logic part of a design, since little work has been done on optimizing performance or routability, or on synthesis of the sequential part of a design. The different tools surveyed are compared using a suite of benchmark designs.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Antibodies specific for HT.sub.m4 (1998)

The invention relates to a recombinant DNA molecule which encodes a HT.sub.m4 protein, a transformed host cell which has been stably transfected with a DNA molecule which encodes a HT.sub.m4 protein and a recombinant HT.sub.m4 protein. The invention also relates to a method for detecting the presence of a hereditary atopy.
Minimum classification error factor analysis (MCE-FA) for automatic speech recognition (2002)

Modeling acoustic correlation in automatic speech recognition systems is essential when the speech signal is non stationary or corrupted by noise. We present a statistical method for improved acoustic modeling in continuous density hidden Markov models (HMMs). Factor analysis uses a small number of parameters to model the covariance structure of the speech signal. These parameters are estimated by an Expectation-Maximization algorithm, then further adjusted using discriminative minimum classification error training. Experimental results on 1219 New Jersey town names demonstrate that the proposed method produces faster, smaller and more accurate recognition models.
A declarative approach for service enablement on hybrid cloud orchestration engines (2018)

The rapidly increasing complexity and scale of hybrid cloud environments requires improved service management capabilities in orchestration and automation. Current methods focus on provisioning infrastructure but lack functionality for consistently enabling and performing operational activities on managed services. We propose a data-driven approach to dynamically generate Orchestration Engine plugins from service descriptor metadata. Our approach extends Orchestration Engines by representing managed services as code within reusable blueprints in order to accelerate service deployments and ease management activities. In our work, we provide a data model and system architecture to allow service providers to easily author and publish resource definitions for a wide range of public and private services. These definitions may be combined into solution blueprints, forming a declarative and reusable representation of a managed workload. After provisioning a workload, administrators can view service instance data and invoke operational activities. For evaluation, we describe the authoring and orchestration of a hybrid cloud workload and discuss the strengths of our solution versus current methods.
Table S4 from PF-06804103, A Site-specific Anti-HER2 Antibody–Drug Conjugate for the Treatment of HER2-expressing Breast, Gastric, and Lung Cancers (2023)

<p>Effects of a Conventional and a Site-Specific Conjugate Targeting HER2 on Indicators of Bone Marrow Toxicity and Serum ADC/Payload Exposures in Rats</p>
Long‐term efficacy and safety of cannabidiol in patients with treatment‐resistant epilepsies: Four‐year results from the expanded access program (2022)

Add-on CBD was associated with sustained seizure reduction up to 192 weeks with an acceptable safety profile and can be used for long-term treatment of TREs.
High-Multiplicity Simultaneous Sources and Marine Vibrator Acquisition Effects (2018)

Summary High-fidelity marine seismic vibrators allow control of the phase of the emitted seismic wavefield. Phase control of the seismic source can allow new simultaneous-source encoding techniques. These techniques may allow highly efficient seismic acquisition without sacrificing data quality. One approach that uses phase control is phase sequencing, where the emitted source wavefield phase is changed in a non-random way from shot-to-shot, allowing manipulation of data in the frequency-wavenumber domain. Combined with wavefield reconstruction, phase sequencing allows separation of simultaneous sources with minimal residual crosstalk. An important consideration when evaluating such techniques is that marine seismic vibrator deployment and utilization will be different from an air-gun source. For example, a marine vibrator source array is likely to move while emitting energy, it may have different array elements distributed at different depths, it will emit swept rather than impulsive waveforms, and it may behave differently in the presence of a rough sea. We demonstrate the separation of high-multiplicity simultaneous sources using phase sequencing, before discussing marine-vibrator specific acquisition effects. The impact of these acquisition effects will be demonstrated in future publications.
R++: adding path-based rules to C++ (2002)

Object-oriented languages and rule-based languages offer two distinct and useful programming abstractions. However, previous attempts to integrate data-driven rules into object-oriented languages have typically achieved an uneasy union at best. R++ is a new, closer integration of the rule-based and object-oriented paradigms that extends C++ with a single programming construct, the path-based rule, as a new kind of class member. Path-based rules-data-driven rules that are restricted to following pointers between objects-are like automatic methods that are triggered by changes to the objects they monitor. Path-based rules provide a useful level of abstraction that encourages a more declarative style of programming and are valuable in object-oriented designs as a means of modeling dynamic collections of interdependent objects. Unlike more traditional pattern-matching rules, path-based rules are not at odds with the object-oriented paradigm and offer performance advantages for many natural applications.
A Low Cost Remote Cardiac Monitoring Framework for Rural Regions (2015)

Cardiovascular diseases in rural developing countries take a large toll of human lives, due to inadequate quality health care facilities and their limited reach to the patients. The burgeoning population of developing nations make the linear organic scaling of health care facilities impractical to cater the diverse rural geography. Hence it is imperative to scale the health care facilities through wireless communication technologies in an affordable manner. Timely analysis of ECG data is critical for early diagnosis and treatment of several cardiovascular diseases. With this aim, a wearable wireless ECG monitoring framework, named as Amrita-spandanam was designed. This framework consist of a patient wearable device and a patient smart phone with amrita-spandanam application, enabling a doctor/hospital to monitor the remote patient through his internet connected mobile phone or web browser. The framework does the post analysis of the ECG signal using a backend server to disseminate warnings to the doctor and the patient. Several de noising algorithms were applied to the acquired ECG signal prior to this post analysis. The framework was implemented successfully enabling real time remote monitoring of the cardiac patients in rural villages.
A Viewer-Centric Editor for 3D Movies (2010)

A proposed mathematical framework is the basis for a viewer-centric digital editor for 3D movies that's driven by the audience's perception of the scene. The editing tool allows both shot planning and after-the-fact digital manipulation of the perceived scene shape.
Homeostasis in the soybean miRNA396–<i>GRF</i>network is essential for productive soybean cyst nematode infections (2019)

Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode, penetrates soybean roots and migrates to the vascular cylinder where it forms a feeding site called the syncytium. MiRNA396 (miR396) targets growth-regulating factor (GRF) genes, and the miR396-GRF1/3 module is a master regulator of syncytium development in model cyst nematode H. schachtii infection of Arabidopsis. Here, we investigated whether this regulatory system operates similarly in soybean roots and is likewise important for H. glycines infection. We found that a network involving nine MIR396 and 23 GRF genes is important for normal development of soybean roots and that GRF function is specified in the root apical meristem by miR396. All MIR396 genes are down-regulated in the syncytium during its formation phase while, specifically, 11 different GRF genes are up-regulated. The switch to the syncytium maintenance phase coincides with up-regulation of MIR396 and down-regulation of the 11 GRF genes specifically via post-transcriptional regulation by miR396. Furthermore, interference with the miR396-GRF6/8-13/15-17/19 regulatory network, through either overexpression or knockdown experiments, does not affect the number of H. glycines juveniles that enter the vascular cylinder to initiate syncytia, but specifically inhibits efficient H. glycines development to adult females. Therefore, homeostasis in the miR396-GRF6/8-13/15-17/19 regulatory network is essential for productive H. glycines infections.
Design of an Electrically Automated RF Transceiver Head Coil in MRI (2014)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely used nonionizing and noninvasive diagnostic instrument to produce detailed images of the human body. The radio-frequency (RF) coil is an essential part of MRI hardware as an RF front-end. RF coils transmit RF energy to the subject and receive the returning MR signal. This paper presents an MRI-compatible hardware design of the new automatic frequency tuning and impedance matching system. The system automatically corrects the detuned and mismatched condition that occurs due to loading effects caused by the variable subjects (i.e., different human heads or torsos). An eight-channel RF transceiver head coil with the automatic system has been fabricated and tested at 7 Tesla (T) MRI system. The automatic frequency tuning and impedance matching system uses digitally controlled capacitor arrays with real-time feedback control capability. The hardware design is not only compatible with current MRI scanners in all aspects but also it operates the tuning and matching function rapidly and accurately. The experimental results show that the automatic function increases return losses from 8.4 dB to 23.7 dB (maximum difference) and from 12.7 dB to 19.6 dB (minimum difference) among eight channels within 550 ms . The reflected RF power decrease from 23.1% to 1.5% (maximum difference) and from 5.3% to 1.1% (minimum difference). Therefore, these results improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in MR images with phantoms.
Caching techniques for rapid provisioning of virtual servers in cloud environment (2012)

Provisioning a virtual server instance in cloud goes through an elaborate workflow, characterized by user request submission, search for the requested image template in image repository, transfer of the template file to compute hosts, followed by expansion and boot up. Optimizing any step in this workflow is crucial in reducing the service time. In this work, we focus on reducing average service time by masking the template file transfer time from repository, and preparing a VM instance beforehand to service a request instantaneously. We use a strategy of pre-provisioning multiple VM instances from different templates. The instances to be pre-provisioned are determined based on request history. We show the benefits of our method using request trace from an enterprise grade cloud environment. Simulation results show more than 50% improvement in reducing average service time while delivering a server instance.
Selective Coagulant Recovery from Water Treatment Plant Residuals Using Donnan Membrane Process (2003)

Fouling of membrane surfaces by particulate matter and large organic molecules is relatively common for pressure-driven membrane processes, namely, reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), and ultrafiltration (UF). Donnan membrane process (DMP) or Donnan Dialysis is driven by electrochemical potential gradient across a semipermeable ion exchange membrane. Theoretically, DMP is not susceptible to fouling by fine particulates and/or large organic molecules. According to information available in the open literature, however, DMP has not been tried to treat slurry or sludge with relatively high concentration of suspended solids or large organic molecules. This study presents the salient results of an extensive investigation pertaining to selective alum recovery from water treatment residuals (WTR) using DMP. Water treatment plants use alum, Al2(SO4)3 x 14H2O, as a coagulant, alum being finally converted and discharged as insoluble aluminum hydroxide along with natural organic matters (NOM), suspended solids, and other trace impurities. One commercial cation exchange membrane, namely Nafion 117 from DuPont Chemical Co., was used in the study for treating WTR obtained from two different water treatment plants in Pennsylvania. A series of laboratory tests confirmed that over 70% of alum is easily recoverable, and recovered alum is essentially free of particulate matter, NOM, and other trace metals. Most importantly, after repeated usage in the presence of high concentration of NOM and suspended solids, there was no noticeable decline in aluminum flux through the membrane, i.e., membrane surface fouling was practically absent. The DMP process involves coupled transport of Al3+ and H+ across the cation exchange membrane, and intramembrane transport was the rate-limiting step. Experimentally determined aluminum-hydrogen interdiffusion coefficient (D(Al-H)) values within the membrane were quite high (approximately 10(-6) cm2/s) under representative conditions, thus confirming high alum recovery rate. DMP was also found equally effective in recovering Fe(III) based coagulants from WTR.
Synthesis of T2288:  From Bench Synthesis to Pilot Production (2003)

A practical process to make N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-piperazin-1-yl-acetamide 1 is described, starting from piperazine 2 and N-chloroacetyl-2,6-xylidine 3. The unwanted N,N‘-bis-alkylated product 4 can be removed by simple filtration of the reaction mixture, while the excess of piperazine remains in the aqueous phase after extracting the filtrate with toluene at 70 °C. The product precipitates from the organic phase with 68% active yield.