gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Direct Digital Demultiplexing of Analog TDM Signals for Cable Reduction in Ultrasound Imaging Catheters (2016)

In real-time catheter-based 3-D ultrasound imaging applications, gathering data from the transducer arrays is difficult, as there is a restriction on cable count due to the diameter of the catheter. Although area and power hungry multiplexing circuits integrated at the catheter tip are used in some applications, these are unsuitable for use in small sized catheters for applications, such as intracardiac imaging. Furthermore, the length requirement for catheters and limited power available to on-chip cable drivers leads to limited signal strength at the receiver end. In this paper, an alternative approach using analog time-division multiplexing (TDM) is presented, which addresses the cable restrictions of ultrasound catheters. A novel digital demultiplexing technique is also described, which allows for a reduction in the number of analog signal processing stages required. The TDM and digital demultiplexing schemes are demonstrated for an intracardiac imaging system that would operate in the 4- to 11-MHz range. A TDM integrated circuit (IC) with an 8:1 multiplexer is interfaced with a fast analog-to-digital converter (ADC) through a microcoaxial catheter cable bundle, and processed with a field-programmable gate array register-transfer level simulation. Input signals to the TDM IC are recovered with -40-dB crosstalk between the channels on the same microcoax, showing the feasibility of this system for ultrasound imaging applications.
Some digital receivers for the GSM pan-European cellular communication system (1994)

The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) provides the European Community countries with a common digital mobile radio structure for overland communications. The authors describe some new digital receivers that utilise coherent detection for the GSM system. Of the receivers described, that with the classical Viterbi processor, while notably robust, has high implementation complexity for a mobile environment. Some simplified receiver structures have been devised whose algorithms reduce implementation complexity, albeit at the expense of the error probability. With a channel simulator suitable for mobile communications, the performance of the simplified receivers has been evaluated. Through suitable parameter choices, the bit error probability increase can be maintained sufficiently low, while a marked reduction in the computation complexity is achieved.
Cross-Comb Spectroscopy using Sum-Frequency Sampling in the Mid-IR (2021)

We introduce the cross-comb spectroscopy scheme by sum-frequency sampling of a mid-infrared frequency comb using a near-IR comb with a slightly shifted repetition rate. We experimentally demonstrate comb-tooth-resolved measurement of atmospheric CO2 around 4.25 µm.
[An in vitro investigation of the regulation mechanism to the blood-labyrinth barrier permeability of guinea pig inner ear]. (2006)

The results indicated that cyclic AMP is an important determinant of the blood-labyrinth barrier in vitro. The barrier function changes are probably associated with apparent endothelial shape changes and qualitative and quantitative changes in F-actin.
Using Custom-designed Vlsi Fuzzy Inferencing Chips For The Autonomous Navigation Of A Mobile Robot (2005)

An approach merging the concepts of fuzzy logic and sensor-based behaviors has been developed to add a qualitative reasoning capability to the real-time control of autonomous mobile robots. The approach is implemented using custom-designed computer boards which include recently developed VLSI fuzzy inferencing chips. The design and operation of these boards are first described and an example of their use for the autonomous navigation of a mobile robot is presented. The development of qualitative reasoning schemes emulating human- like navigation in a-priori unknown environments is discussed. The approach using superposition of elemental sensor-based behaviors expressed in the fizzy Sets theoretic framework is shown to allow easy development and testing of the inferencing rule base, while providing for progressive addition of behaviors to resolve situations of increasing complexity. The efficiency of such schemes, which can consist of as little as a dozen qualitative rules, is illustrated in experiments involving an autonomous mobile robot navigating on the basis of very sparse and inaccurate sensor data.
Differential selectivity of cytochrome P450 inhibitors against probe substrates in human and rat liver microsomes (1998)

It is evident that CYP inhibitors do not exhibit the same selectivity in human and rat liver microsomes. This is due to differential selectivity of the inhibitors and/or differences in the CYP isoform responsible for metabolism in the different species.
Antiproliferatif Ekstrak Metanol Daun Dianella nemorosa Lam. (Liliaceae) terhadap Sel Kanker MKN45 dengan Menggunakan Metode WST-1 (2018)

Dianella nemorosaÂ Lam. was known containing alkaloids, terpenoid, phenolic compouds and tanin. Antiproliferative effect of D. nemorosaÂ leaves methanol exctract, which demonstrated to have an in vitro cytotoxic effect on cancer cell line. The aim of research was examined the effect antiproliferative methanol extract of D. nemorosaÂ leaves against MKN45 (gastric cancer) cell line. Leaves powder extracted using methanol. Antiproliferative effect was determined by Cell Proliferation Reagents WST-1 ((2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt). Test for 1h, 2h, and 4h after incubated for 72h was done. The result of this research showed that methanol exctract from D. nemorosaÂ possessed remarkable no had antiproliferative activity against MKN45 cell line. The result indicated methanol extract of D. nemorosaÂ leaves selective inhibitory effect or antiproliferative againstÂ cell line.Â Key words:Â Dianella nemorosa, Antiproliferative, MKN 45, and WST-1
Corneal endothelial cell function after storage in MK medium and hydrocortisone. (1979)

We stored rabbit corneas either in MK medium or MK medium plus hydrocortisone 10(-6)M for 7 days. The corneas stored in MK medium with hydrocortisone had better temperature reversal characteristics than those stored in MK medium alone.
Calcium 5-Nitriminotetrazolate—A Green Replacement for Lead Azide in Priming Charges (2011)

The new energetic material calcium 5-nitriminotetrazolate (1) is presented. A facile preparative route in combination with an outstanding thermal as well as long-term stability, easy initiation, and low sensitivity make 1 an auspicious green alternative filler in priming charges.
A New Approach to Decomposition of Nitric Oxide Using Sorbent/Catalyst without Reducing Gas: Use of Heteropoly Compounds (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTA New Approach to Decomposition of Nitric Oxide Using Sorbent/Catalyst without Reducing Gas: Use of Heteropoly CompoundsRalph T. Yang and Ning ChenCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 4, 825–831Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00028a007https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00028a007research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views252Altmetric-Citations56LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Expression of interleukin 2 receptors and binding of interleukin 2 by gamma interferon-induced human leukemic and normal monocytic cells. (1985)

Gamma interferon induced surface expression of interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptors on normal human monocytes and the monocytoid cell lines U937 and HL60. These receptors were detected by anti-IL-2 receptor monoclonal antibodies, and U937 IL-2 receptors were indistinguishable from T lymphocyte IL-2 receptors by immunoprecipitation. Also, U937 IL-2 receptors bound biologically active IL-2. These results suggest a role for monocyte IL-2 receptors in T cell/monocyte interaction during an immune response.
Semi‐Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 1,2,3‐Triazole‐Based Podophyllotoxin Congeners as Potent Antitumor Agents Inducing Apoptosis in HepG2 Cells (2012)

A series of 4β-[(4-substituted)-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]podophyllotoxin congeners were synthesized by employing click chemistry and further evaluated for their antitumor activity by MTT assay. Among them, six congeners (10, 11, 12, 13, 22, and 24) exhibited approximately 100-fold more potent inhibitory activity against four tumor cell lines (HepG2, MKN-45, NCI-H1993, and B16) than etoposide as positive control. Docking studies on binding in the ATPase domain of topoisomerase II revealed perfect docking of four congeners in the active site. Furthermore, the podophyllotoxin congeners 10, 11, 12, and 13 induced cell cycle arrest of HepG2 cells at the G(2) /M phase in a concentration-dependent manner, assessed by flow cytometric analysis, highlighting that they exert their antitumor activity via HepG2 cell apoptosis.
Autoconfiguration of enterprise-class application deployment in virtualized infrastructure using OVF activation mechanisms (2012)

IT-based services existing today, such as the ones supporting e-commerce systems or corporate applications, demand complex architectures to address enterprise-class requirements (high availability, vast user demand, etc.). In particular, most enterprise-class applications are multi-tiered and multi-node, i.e. composed of many independent systems with complex relationships among them. In recent years, virtualization technologies have brought many advantages to enterprise-class application implementation, such as cost consolidation and ease of management. However, even when using virtualization, the configuration operations associated to the deployment of enterprise-class applications are still a challenging task since they constitute a mostly manual, time-consuming and error prone process. In this paper we propose a solution to that problem based on the automation of that procedure by means of the OVF activation mechanism. Our work focuses on a practical case, which has been used to assess the feasibility of our solution and to extract valuable lessons that we expose as part of the article.
Performance Evaluation of the SRS Based MIMO Channel Estimation on 5G NR Open Source Channel Model (2021)

In 5G NR sounding reference signals are used for pilot-aided uplink MIMO channel estimation. Obtained channel responses due to channel reciprocity are processed further to compute downlink MU-MIMO beamforming vectors. The resulting performance of beamforming depends of accuracy obtained in channel response estimation. In this work typical scenario of massive MIMO deployment in the open source 5G channel model QUADRIGA is configured. Least square channel estimation based on SRS under pilot contamination from neighbouring cell are performed and MSE compared.
Investigation of 3-D secure's model for fraud detection (2018)

Background. 3-D Secure 2.0 (3DS 2.0) is an identity federation protocol authenticating the payment initiator for credit card transactions on the Web.
Translate-to-Recognize Networks for RGB-D Scene Recognition (2019)

Cross-modal transfer is helpful to enhance modality-specific discriminative power for scene recognition. To this end, this paper presents a unified framework to integrate the tasks of cross-modal translation and modality-specific recognition, termed as Translate-to-Recognize Network TRecgNet. Specifically, both translation and recognition tasks share the same encoder network, which allows to explicitly regularize the training of recognition task with the help of translation, and thus improve its final generalization ability. For translation task, we place a decoder module on top of the encoder network and it is optimized with a new layer-wise semantic loss, while for recognition task, we use a linear classifier based on the feature embedding from encoder and its training is guided by the standard cross-entropy loss. In addition, our TRecgNet allows to exploit large numbers of unlabeled RGB-D data to train the translation task and thus improve the representation power of encoder network. Empirically, we verify that this new semi-supervised setting is able to further enhance the performance of recognition network. We perform experiments on two RGB-D scene recognition benchmarks: NYU Depth v2 and SUN RGB-D, demonstrating that TRecgNet achieves superior performance to the existing state-of-the-art methods, especially for recognition solely based on a single modality.
Paper-based cell culture platform and its emerging biomedical applications (2016)

Paper has recently attracted increasing attention as a substrate for various biomedical applications. By modifying its physical and chemical properties, paper can be used as an alternative to conventional cell culture substrates. Because it can be stacked into a three-dimensional (3D) structure, which can better mimic the in vivo cell microenvironment. Paper has shown great potential as a 3D cell culture platform for developing normal and diseased models. This platform gives precise control over extracellular matrix (ECM) composition as well as cell distribution and precise analysis of the interactions between cells. Paper-based platforms have been applied for pathophysiological studies and therapeutic intervention studies. In this paper, we first discuss the modifications of the physical and chemical properties of paper to develop various 2D and 3D cell culture platforms. We then review the applications of paper-based cell culture platforms for the construction of in vitro disease models, drug screening, and cell cryopreservation applications. Because of its advantages such as biocompatibility, eco-friendliness, cost efficiency, and ease of large-scale production, we believe that paper-based cell culture platforms would play an important role in the fields of biomedicine.
The comparative trial between magnetic induced polarization and electric induced polarization (2009)

Induced polarization is the main means in mineral exploration. Up to now the Electric Induced Polarization has been used widely. However, Electric Induced Polarization is difficult to exert the effect such as rubble, gobi desert, Permafrost, etc. In order to develop an ungrounded Magnetic Induced Polarization technology, a comparison trial has been carried out between Magnetic Induced Polarization and Electric Induced Polarization, yet the results are analyzed in the paper.
An Ellipsometric Study of the Anodic Oxidation of Nickel in Neutral Electrolyte (1977)

Ellipsometry is used to study alternate anodic and cathodic galvanostatic cycling of a nickel electrode in neutral sulfate and borate electrolyte. The removal of the electropolishing film under cathodic reduction, the anodic oxidation of the nickel substrate, and the deposition and conversion of films of and can all be distinguished clearly on a plot of the optical data. The mechanism of anodic oxidation of the substrate is investigated using both optical and open‐circuit transient measurements, and the field in the oxide film is concluded to limit the substrate oxidation process.
Design and Analysis of Low Power Comparator Using Switching Transistors (2014)

Comparator is one of the fundamental building blocks in most analog to digital converters. Many high speed analog to digital converters such as flash analog to digital converter require high speed and low power comparators. A new double tail comparator is designed, where the circuit of a conventional double tail comparator is modified for low power and fast operation even in small supply voltages. Without complicating the design and by adding few transistors the positive feedback during the regeneration is strengthened which results in remarkably reduced delay time. Post layout simulation results in a 0.18m technology confirm the analysis results. It is shown that in the switching transistors using dynamic comparator, both the power consumption and delay time are significantly reduced. Power consumption of conventional double tail comparator is 12W in 0.8v and power is reduced to 9.5W in double tail comparator using switching transistors with the same supply voltage.
Recent Advancement of Understanding Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes and Potential Relevance to Diabetic Nephropathy (2007)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive destruction of pancreatic beta cells by genetic and environmental factors which leads to an absolute dependence of insulin for survival and maintenance of health. Although the majority of mechanisms of beta cell destruction remain unclear, many molecules, including proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, are implicated in the development of beta cell damage. Furthermore, beta cell destruction is enhanced by the Th1 and Th17 subsets of CD4+ T cells. In contrast, there are mechanisms involved in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance by regulatory T cells, the function of which depends on the pleiotropic cytokine transforming growth factor beta. Development and progression of renal injuries in patients with diabetic nephropathy are also associated with several growth factors and proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, insulin-like growth factor-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta. Although the pathogenic mechanisms underlying type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy are principally different, i.e., autoimmunity and inflammation, some common factors, including susceptibility genes and proinflammatory cytokines, are involved in both mechanisms, including infiltrating cell recruitment, upregulation of other cytokines and chemokines, or apoptosis.
Survey on Data Center Networking Technologies (2013)

In recent years, technologies and markets related to data centers have been rapidly changing and growing. Data centers are playing an important role in ICT infrastructure deployment and promise to become common platforms for almost all social infrastructures. Even though research has focused on networking technologies, various technologies are needed to develop high-performance, cost-efficient, and flexible large-scale data centers. To understand those technologies better, this paper surveys recent research and development efforts and results in accordance with a data center network taxonomy that the authors defined.
Fast and accurate read alignment for resequencing (2012)

whwong@stanford.edu.
The Power of Auxiliary Variables for Propositional and Quantified Boolean Formulas (2010)

Using auxiliary variables to introduce definitions is a popular and powerful technique in knowledge representation which can lead to shorter and more natural encodings without long repetitions. In this paper, we formally define the notion of auxiliary variables and then examine their expressive power and discuss interesting applications.
We relate the idea of reusing intermediate results without copying by definitions to similar concepts in other representations of Boolean functions. In particular, we show that propositional logic with definitions has essentially the same expressive power as Boolean circuits with arbitrary fan-out and existentially quantified Boolean formulas in which the bound variables satisfy the Horn property (called ∃HORN(superscript b)).
The paper also considers restrictions on the structure of definitions and extensions of propositional definitions. In particular, we examine the relationship between positive propositional definitions and positive definitions with existential quantification or, equivalently, the relationship between ∃HORN(superscript b) formulas and existentially quantified CNF formulas without the Horn restriction on the bound variables (∃CNF(superscript *)). A further extension is to allow arbitrary quantifiers or, equivalently, nesting of Boolean formulas. The expressive power of the bound variables in a quantified CNF formula is shown to be determined by the structure of minimal unsatisfiable or minimal false subformulas of the bound parts of the clauses.
rf distribution system for a set of standing-wave accelerator structures (2006)

In this paper, we study the rf feeding system for a set of standing-wave accelerator structures. To avoid the initial reflections produced by the structures, sometimes these structures are fed in pairs through a four-port 3-dB hybrid. We present an extension to this system for an arbitrary number of accelerator structures and show it is always possible to cancel the reflection back to the source. The necessary and sufficient condition for this to happen depends only on the spacing between accelerator structures. In this system, the structures are not fed in a binary hierarchal system, rather in series with a set of directional couplers designed to extract an equal amount of power to each accelerator structure in the set. We study the sensitivity of such a system to errors resulting from the differences in accelerator structure spacing. We also study the sensitivity of the system to component imperfections, such as the finite directivity of the directional couplers, and the residual reflections from the loads that are attached to these couplers. We also study the system under fault conditions, such as a breakdown in an accelerator structure or a feed waveguide.
Nonlinear Optics (1981)

In this article I will describe the generation of second harmonics, and sum and difference frequencies, optical rectification, CARS (coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering), CSRS (coherent Stokes Raman scattering), Raman gain spectroscopy (or the related stimulated Raman scattering), and Raman loss spectroscopy (or inverse Raman scattering). Although these names may sound familiar, the effects themselves are shrouded in complex mathematics. This paper will attempt to provide an intuitive understanding of these processes so that later articles in the book will be more easily understood. More complete mathematically oriented discussions are available elsewhere (1).
What Is Benford's Law? (2009)

Summary The surprising property of many data sets that their first significant digits follow Benford's Law provides examples that can pique and hold students’ interest. Several ideas for student activities are presented.