gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Discovery of Biomarkers That Reflect the Intake of Sodium Selenate by Nutritional Proteomics (2009)

Selenium offers important health benefits, including the prevention of some types of cancer. The traditional selenium indexes, such as selenium concentration, do not account for the metabolic status of this element regarding its chemoprotective effect. Then, the knowledge of a group of proteins that respond to selenium supplementation could be useful in the assessment of the metabolic status of selenium. The effect of dietary supplementation of rats with sodium-selenate on the blood plasma proteome is investigated. A group composed of six rats is fed a basic diet supplemented with sodium-selenate at 1.9 microg of Selenium per g of food, and a control group is fed a diet that covers the minimum selenium requirements, each for ten weeks. A proteomic approach is used to both quantify the changes in the abundance of some plasmatic proteins and to identify them. Fibrinogen, apolipoproteins, haptoglobin, and transthyretin changed significantly their abundance due to selenium administration. Those proteins are indirectly related to selenium metabolism. Then, the change in the proteomic profile due to selenium supplementation could probably be considered as a new index to assess the metabolic status of selenium. This index might help in the prevention of some diseases by nutritional diagnosis and, consequently, the adequate dietary recommendation.
Acoustic echo cancellation with arbitrary playback sampling rate (2004)

This paper introduces a new architecture for implementing subband acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) with arbitrary playback sampling rate. Typically, in AEC algorithms for audio or videoconferencing, the sampling rates for the signals played through the speakers and captured from the microphones are identical. For speech recognition while playing CD-quality music and Internet gaming with voice chat, the playback sampling rate is usually higher than the capture rate. A direct solution is to apply a sampling rate converter to the playback signal before feeding it to the AEC, but that is complicated if many sampling frequencies must be supported. We propose a more efficient solution for subband AEC: we perform the sampling rate conversion as a frequency-domain interpolation that matches the transform lengths of the playback and capture signals. Results show that the new AEC architecture has a small computational cost and only a minimal reduction in echo attenuation.
Helical cone-beam computed tomography image reconstruction algorithm for a tilted gantry with <inline-formula><math altimg="none" display="inline" overflow="scroll"><mrow><mi>N</mi><mtext>-</mtext><mi>PI</mi></mrow></math></inline-formula> data acquisition (2007)

We present a cone-beam image reconstruction algorithm for helical CT scanning with a tilted gantry and N-PI data acquisition. When the gantry is tilted, the effective source trajectory in the patient's reference frame lies on an elliptical cylinder, rather than on a circular cylinder as in the standard helical scanning mode. The aim of this work is to provide a means of reconstructing an image object directly from cone-beam projection data without transforming the image object into a virtual object and without rebinning projection data acquired for a real object into the projection data of the virtual object. This task has been accomplished by the application of an exact reconstruction algorithm, which utilizes an important geometrical property of the elliptical helical trajectory: the existence of generalized N-PI lines for a given image point. Based on this property, a mathematically exact image reconstruction scheme via filtering the backprojection image of differentiated projection data (FBPD) is applied to solve the reconstruction problem. Due to the gantry tilt, the required detector size is different from that of the standard helical trajectory (nontilted). A systematic analysis of the required detector size is presented. For an N-PI data acquisition scheme, an image may be reconstructed using data from an N-PI window, an (N?2)-PI window, and so on. Although the images reconstructed using an N-PI (N>1) window are noisier than the images reconstructed from a 1-PI window, a weighted-average scheme over reconstructed images is presented to generate a final image with significantly lower noise variance than that in the 1-PI data acquisition scheme. The image reconstruction algorithm was numerically validated using a mathematical phantom.
Acoustic chaos and sonic infrared imaging (2002)

We describe a quasichaotic mechanism for the generation of complex vibrations from the application of a 450 ms, 40 kHz excitation coupled nonlinearly to a sample under inspection by means of sonic infrared (SIR) imaging. Monitoring the sample vibration by means of a laser vibrometer, we find that the vibration switches from the fundamental and harmonics to several series of frequencies that are rational fractions of the fundamental driving frequency. The transition to this quasichaotic behavior is important in obtaining high-quality SIR images.
Optimal illumination scheme for isotropic quantitative differential phase contrast microscopy (2019)

Differential phase contrast microscopy (DPC) provides high-resolution quantitative phase distribution of thin transparent samples under multi-axis asymmetric illuminations. Typically, illumination in DPC microscopic systems is designed with 2-axis half-circle amplitude patterns, which, however, result in a non-isotropic phase contrast transfer function (PTF). Efforts have been made to achieve isotropic DPC by replacing the conventional half-circle illumination aperture with radially asymmetric patterns with 3-axis illumination or gradient amplitude patterns with 2-axis illumination. Nevertheless, these illumination apertures were empirically designed based on empirical criteria related to the shape of the PTF, leaving the underlying theoretical mechanisms unexplored. Furthermore, the frequency responses of the PTFs under these engineered illuminations have not been fully optimized, leading to suboptimal phase contrast and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for phase reconstruction. In this Letter, we provide a rigorous theoretical analysis about the necessary and sufficient conditions for DPC to achieve perfectly isotropic PTF. In addition, we derive the optimal illumination scheme to maximize the frequency response for both low and high frequencies (from 0 to 2NAobj), and meanwhile achieve perfectly isotropic PTF with only 2-axis intensity measurements. We present the derivation, implementation, simulation and experimental results demonstrating the superiority of our method over state-of-the-arts in both phase reconstruction accuracy and noise-robustness.
Mission modeling, planning, and execution module for teams of unmanned vehicles (2017)

Mission Modeling, Planning, and Execution Module (M2PEM) is a user friendly graphical framework for mission design and execution. It extends a subset of the Business Process Modeling and Notation (BPMN) 2.0 for robotic applications. Hierarchical abstractions fundamental to BPMN allow the mission to be naturally decomposed into interdependent parallel sequences of BPMN elements. M2PEM adapts these elements in a role based framework which uses collaborative control modalities as an atomic building block. Designed missions are able to consider situational data, external stimuli, and direct user interaction. Missions are directly executable using a resource manager and a ROS-based execution engine.
Multiband and Broadband Wireless Power Transfer Systems Using the Conformal Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonance Method (2016)

Novel multiband and broadband wireless power transfer (WPT) systems based on conformal strongly coupled magnetic resonance (CSCMR) are presented in this paper. An analytical model for CSCMR systems is developed in order to study their performance. Optimal multiband and broadband CSCMR systems are designed and their performance is validated using simulations and measurements. A broadband CSCMR system, which exhibits seven times broader bandwidth than conventional SCMR and CSCMR systems operating at the same frequency, is designed and prototyped.
Torsional sensor applications in two-phase fluids (1993)

A solid corrosion-resistant torsional waveguide of diamond cross section has been developed to sense, online and in real-time, the characteristics of the liquid in which it is submerged. The sensor can measure, among other things, the liquid content of a bubbly medium, the density of adjacent pure liquids, the equivalent density of liquid-vapor mixtures or particulate suspensions, a suspension's concentration, and the liquid level. The sensor exploits the phenomenon that the speed of propagation of a torsional stress wave in a submerged waveguide with a noncircular cross section is inversely proportional to the equivalent density of the liquid in which the waveguide is submerged. The sensor may be used to conduct measurements along distances ranging from 20 mm to 20 m and over a wide range of temperatures and pressures, e.g., from the cryogenic temperature of liquid nitrogen, -196 degrees C, up to hot pressurized water at 300 degrees C and 7 MPa. A self-calibrating three-zone sensor and associated electronics have also been developed to compensate for any sensor inaccuracies due to operation over a wide range of temperature.
Table extraction using spatial reasoning on the CSS2 visual box model (2006)

Tables on web pages contain a huge amount of seman-tically explicit information, which makes them a worth-while target for automatic information extraction and knowledge acquisition from the Web. However, the task of table extraction from web pages is difficult, because of HTML’s design purpose to convey visual instead of semantic information. In this paper, we propose a ro-bust technique for table extraction from arbitrary web pages. This technique relies upon the positional infor-mation of visualized DOM element nodes in a browser and, hereby, separates the intricacies of code implemen-tation from the actual intended visual appearance. The novel aspect of the proposed web table extraction tech-nique is the effective use of spatial reasoning on the CSS2 visual box model, which shows a high level of ro-bustness even without any form of learning (F-measure ⇡ 90%). We describe the ideas behind our approach, the tabular pattern recognition algorithm operating on a double topographical grid structure and allowing for ef-fective and robust extraction, and general observations on web tables that should be borne in mind by any au-tomatic web table extraction mechanism.
Toward Detection and Monitoring of Gait Pathology using Inertial Sensors under Rotation, Scale, and Offset Invariant Dynamic Time Warping (2015)

Walking ability can be degraded by a number of pathologies, including movement disorders, stroke, and injury. Personal activity tracking devices gather inertial data needed to measure walking quality, but the required algorithmic methods are an active area of study. To detect changes in walking ability, the similarity between a person's current gait cycles and their known baseline gait cycles may be measured on an ongoing basis. This strategy requires a similarity measure robust to variability encountered in an outpatient scenario, including changes in walking surface, walking speed, and sensor orientation. Here we propose rotation, scale, and offset invariant dynamic time warping (RSOI-DTW), a variant of the well-known dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm, as a generalization of DTW appropriate for three-dimensional inertial data. RSOI-DTW is invariant under rotation, scaling, and offset, yet it preserves the salient features of gait cycles required for gait monitoring. To support this claim, gait cycles from 21 subjects walking with four different styles were compared using both DTW and RSOI-DTW. The data show that RSOI-DTW converges quickly and achieves rotation, scale, and offset invariance. Both algorithms distinguish persons and detect abnormal walking, but only RSOI-DTW does so in the presence of sensor rotation. Variations in walking speed pose a challenge for both algorithms, but performance is improved by collecting baseline information at a variety of speeds.
Architecture and Algorithm for High Performance Fault-Tolerant Replication of Sensitive Military and Homeland Security C>sup<3>/sup<I Database Messages (2006)

Replicated databases are used by military and homeland security command, control, communications and intelligence (C <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> I) systems for fault-tolerance and fast retrieval of crucial decision-aiding information irrespective of the position the military units. In this paper, we propose a replicated database nodal architecture in which nodes are organized into multiple clusters connected by long-haul links. This kind of multi-site architecture permits access to crucial information even when a site is completely destroyed. In this architecture, nodes within a cluster communicate through either LANs or multi-hop wireless routing. Database updates can originate at any node in any cluster, hut must be replicated to all the nodes in the system. In the proposed replication algorithm, optimal use of the bandwidth of long haul links is achieved by an arrangement in which each node in a cluster replicates its updates to a single designated node in each one of the other clusters and those designated nodes take responsibility to replicate messages to the other nodes in their respective clusters. Fault-tolerance is addressed by assigning surrogates for each node in a cluster so that the surrogates take over replication of their primary nodes as soon as they sense inactivity in them. For high performance, this algorithm avoids usage of a reliable transport mechanism like the TCP and synchronous replication messaging required by the 2-phase or 3-phase commit type of algorithms, but still achieves sequence-preserving lossless message communication by asynchronous message flows and application level control of the messages received from an unreliable UDP channel. Composite queues with in-memory and persistent segments are used for storage of the replication messages so that they can be supplied to the receiving nodes, upon their recovery, with low latency after small down-times and without any message loss after reasonably long down times. The algorithm has also features such as throttling for avoidance of message loss in low capacity long-haul links and batch acknowledgements to reduce control traffic
Effectiveness of Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccination in Elderly Subjects in Northern Italy (2012)

Although vaccination against influenza is recommended for elderly and high-risk patients in many countries, efficacy in the elderly has been suboptimal. The MF59 adjuvanted trivalent inactivated vaccine (ATIV) was developed to increase the immune response of elderly subjects to influenza vaccination, but its effectiveness has not yet been well documented. This prospective, observational study evaluated the relative effectiveness of ATIV versus nonadjuvanted trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) in individuals at least 65 years of age in Lombardy, northern Italy. Hospitalizations for influenza or pneumonia (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes 480-487) during the 2006-2007, 2007-2008, and 2008-2009 influenza seasons were identified from administrative databases. Stratified and regression analyses, including the propensity score to adjust for confounding, as well as generalized estimating equations to account for repeated vaccination, were used. Overall, 107,661 records were evaluated, contributing 170,988 person-seasons of observation. Since ATIV is preferentially recommended for more frail individuals, subjects vaccinated with ATIV were older and had more functional impairment and comorbidities. In the primary analysis, risk of hospitalization for influenza or pneumonia was 25% lower for ATIV relative to TIV (relative risk = 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.57, 0.98). To the extent that there is residual bias, ATIV is likely to be even more protective than this result suggests.
RDF Object Type and Reification in the Database (2006)

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a standard for representing information that can be identified using a Uniform Resource Identifier. In particular, it is intended for representing metadata about Web resources. RDF is being used in numerous application areas, including Life Sciences, Digital Libraries, and Intelligence. The RDF data structure is a directed graph or network. Current solutions to managing RDF data utilize flat relational tables for database storage. This paper presents an alternative approach to managing RDF data in the database. We introduce a new object type for storing RDF data. The object type is built on top of the Oracle Spatial Network Data Model (NDM), which is Oracle’s network solution in the database. This exposes the NDM functionality to RDF data, allowing RDF data to be managed as objects and analyzed as networks. Reification, a means of providing metadata for the RDF data, puts a strain on storage. We present a streamlined approach to representing reified RDF data for faster retrievals. An RDF object type and reification in the database provide the basic infrastructure for effective metadata management.
Superior Iterative Detection for Co-Channel Interference in Multibeam Satellite Systems (2020)

Aggressive frequency reuse alleviates the frequency-spectrum shortage in multibeam satellite systems targeting multi-Terabits-per-second throughput but creates harsh co-channel interference (CCI) environment. For forward-link, state-of-the-art receivers at user terminals assume memoryless CCI to avoid exponential increase in complexity. However, memory effects of CCI are inevitable, arising when co-channel signals combine asynchronously. First, we provide analytical characterization of CCI accounting for memory, a formulation that captures synchronization impairments. Then, low-complexity receivers, capable of realizing full frequency reuse, are developed to compensate for spatial and temporal CCI profiles, with computational complexity increasing linearly in the memory span. This is achieved by our novel soft-in soft-out, iterative divide-and-conquer (IDAC) paradigm, decomposing interference into smaller sets depending on intensity. A set is created from weak interferers which are not decoded but considered as thermal noise. The interferers which are decoded are further split into a set that subtracts strong ones and another set addressing intense interferers in optimal-Bayesian fashion. Extensive numerical studies reveal that IDAC architecture offers lossless compensation of dominant CCI with memory for beam-edge terminals, when rate coordination is guided by network information theory. Further, its performance is superior compared with approaches using iterative subtractive cancellation, commonly employed for return-link, random-access satellite applications.
Optical detection of spin Hall effect in metals (2014)

Optical techniques have been widely used to probe the spin Hall effect in semiconductors. In metals, however, only electrical methods such as nonlocal spin valve transport, ferromagnetic resonance, or spin torque transfer experiments have been successful. These methods require complex processing techniques and measuring setups. We show here that the spin Hall effect can be observed in non-magnetic metals such as Pt and β-W, using a standard bench top magneto-optical Kerr system with very little sample preparation. Applying a square wave current and using Fourier analysis significantly improve our detection level. One can readily determine the angular dependence of the induced polarization on the bias current direction (very difficult to do with voltage detection), the orientation of the spin Hall induced polarization, and the sign of the spin Hall angle. This optical approach is free from the complications of various resistive effects, which can compromise voltage measurements. This opens up the study of spin Hall effect in metals to a variety of spin dynamic and spatial imaging experiments.
Novel planarization and passivation in the integration of III-V semiconductor devices (2004)

III-V semiconductor devices typically use structures grown layer-by-layer and require passivation of sidewalls by vertical etching to reduce leakage current. The passivation is conventionally achieved by sealing the sidewalls using polymer and the polymer needs to be planarized by polymer etch-back method to device top for metal interconnection. It is very challenging to achieve perfect planarization needed for sidewalls of all the device layers including the top layer to be completely sealed. We introduce a novel hard-mask-assisted self-aligned planarization process that allows the polymer in 1-3 μm vicinity of the devices to be planarized perfectly to the top of devices. The hard-mask-assisted process also allows self-aligned via formation for metal interconnection to device top of μm size. The hard mask is removed to expose a very clean device top surface for depositing metals for low ohmic contact resistance metal interconnection. The process is robust because it is insensitive to device height difference, spin-on polymer thickness variation, and polymer etch non-uniformity. We have demonstrated high yield fabrication of monolithically integrated optical switch arrays with mesa diodes and waveguide electroabsorption modulators on InP substrate with yield > 90%, high breakdown voltage of > 15 Volts, and low ohmic contact resistance of 10-20 Ω.
Phase separation by spinodal decomposition in polycarbonate/poly(methyl methacrylate) blends (1988)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPhase separation by spinodal decomposition in polycarbonate/poly(methyl methacrylate) blendsThein Kyu and Jeanne M. SaldanhaCite this: Macromolecules 1988, 21, 4, 1021–1026Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1988Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1988https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00182a030https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00182a030research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views859Altmetric-Citations96LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Detecting DNA Methylation of the <i>BCL2</i> , <i>CDKN2A</i> and <i>NID2</i> Genes in Urine Using a Nested Methylation Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay to Predict Bladder Cancer (2012)

We developed a novel methylation specific polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection and monitoring of bladder cancer using DNA extracted from patient urine. The assay may also be combined with other diagnostic tests to improve accuracy.