gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of a Smart Tire System and its Use in Improving the Performance of a Collision Mitigation Braking System (2012)

At present, the commercially available tire monitoring systems are not equipped to sense and transmit high speed dynamic variables used for real-time active safety control systems. Hence, today’s vehicle control systems are limited by the lack of knowledge of critical tire-road states (i.e. the kinematic conditions of the tire to its dynamic properties). From aforementioned discussion, it is clear that some method of estimating tire-road contact parameters would be greatly desirable. Existing tire-road friction estimation approaches often require certain levels of vehicle longitudinal and/or lateral motion to satisfy the persistence of excitation condition for reliable estimations. Such excitations may undesirably interfere with vehicle motion controls. This paper presents a novel development and implementation of a real-time tire-road contact parameter estimation methodology using acceleration signals from a smart tire. The proposed method characterizes the terrain using the measured frequency response of the tire vibrations and provides the capability to estimate the tire road friction coefficient under extremely lower levels of force utilization. Under higher levels of force excitation (high slip conditions), the increased vibration levels due to the stick/slip phenomenon linked to the tread block vibration modes make the proposed tire vibrations based method unsuitable. Therefore for high slip conditions, a tire-road friction model-based parameter estimation approach is proposed. Hence an integrated approach using the smart tire based friction estimator and the model based estimator gives us the capability to reliably estimate friction for a wider range of excitations. Considering the strong interdependence between the operating road surface condition and the instantaneous forces and moments generated; this real time estimate of the tire-road friction coefficient is expected to play a pivotal role in improving the performance of a number of vehicle control systems. In particular, this paper focuses on the possibility of enhancing the performance of collision mitigation braking systems.
Two-stage low-consistency refining of mechanical pulp (2012)

The objective of this study was to reduce energy demand in the mechanical pulp refining process by substituting second stage high consistency (HC) refining with two stages of optimised low consistency (LC) refining. Primary refining of Spruce-Pine-Fir wood chip mix was carried out using the Advanced Thermo-Mechanical Pulp (ATMP) refining process employing mechanical chip pre-treatment in the RT Pressafiner and Fiberizer prior to highintensity refining with the addition of 3.1% bisulphite. A portion of the primary pulp was subjected to a second stage HC refining, and the other part subjected to two stages of LC refining. The results indicate that the two stages of optimised secondary LC refining reduced the gross refining energy by approximately 300 kWh/odt compared to second stage HC refining. The target tensile index of 40 Nm/g required approximately 1450 kWh/odt of gross HC refining energy, and only 1150 kWh/odt using primary HC followed by secondary LC refining. Compared to HC-refined pulps, at a tensile index of 40 Nm/g, the LC-refined pulps had a similar freeness, light scattering coefficient and density, but lower TEA, stretch, tear index and average fibre length. The different pulp properties are believed to originate from the different fibre length distributions resulting from these two refining methods.
Ion-selective treatment as a method for increasing the efficiency of liquid radioactive waste reducing in accordance with acceptance criteria for disposal (2021)

It is postulated the necessity of treatment of all radioactive waste which are generated during a NPP operation and decommissioning and the need to adjust it in accordance with acceptability criteria for final disposal. The sources of liquid radioactive waste (LRW) formation at a NPP and the forms of main radionuclides (134,137Cs, 60Co, 54Mn) occurrence in evaporated residue are described. The efficiency of ion-selective treatment in LRW volume reduction is shown in comparison with other methods of LRW conditioning. The main stages of the LRW ion-selective treatment technological process are enumerated. Given are the basic facts on the LRW treatment complex which is under construction at Beloyarsk NPP. Presented are the main characteristics of sorbents, developed at SPE EKSORB Ltd, which allow purify LRW effectively. Described is the COREBRICK™ ion-selective treatment technology which uses special sorbents and excludes ozonization. Given are the results of experimental research of sorbent application efficiency for removing caesium and cobalt radionuclides from LRW without preliminary ozonization carried out at Kola NPP. The significance of radiation protection optimization principle is actualized for the LRW ion-selective treatment technology implementation. The importance of optimization of radiation protection materials composition for filter-containers is substantiated for the increase of efficiency of large-scale implementation of this technology.
Molecular Cloning and Sequencing of the Human Heme-regulated Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 Alpha (eIF-2 Alpha) Kinase from Bone Marrow Culture (2002)

The cDNA encoding human heme-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor-2 alpha (eIF-2 alpha) kinase was cloned from a human bone marrow culture. Its deduced amino acid sequence comprised of 629 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 71,031 Da. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the gene was also expressed in heart, kidney, spleen, muscle, and stomach.
Directional infrasound sensing using acoustic metamaterials (2021)

Natural and anthropogenic infrasound may travel vast distances, making it an invaluable resource for monitoring phenomena such as nuclear explosions, volcanic eruptions, severe storms, and many others. Typically, these waves are captured using pressure sensors, which cannot encode the direction of arrival-critical information when the source location is not known beforehand. Obtaining this information therefore requires arrays of sensors with apertures ranging from tens of meters to kilometers depending on the wavelengths of interest. This is often impractical in locations that lack the necessary real estate (urban areas, rugged regions, or remote islands); in any case, it requires multiple power, digitizer, and telemetry deployments. Here, the theoretical basis behind a compact infrasound direction of arrival sensor based on the acoustic metamaterials is presented. This sensor occupies a footprint that is orders of magnitude smaller than the span of a typical infrasound array. The diminutive size of the unit greatly expands the locations where it can be deployed. The sensor design is described, its ability to determine the direction of arrival is evaluated, and further avenues of study are suggested.
Construction of a hybrid β-hexosaminidase subunit capable of forming stable homodimers that hydrolyze GM2 ganglioside in vivo (2016)

Tay-Sachs or Sandhoff disease result from mutations in either the evolutionarily related HEXA or HEXB genes encoding respectively, the α- or β-subunits of β-hexosaminidase A (HexA). Of the three Hex isozymes, only HexA can interact with its cofactor, the GM2 activator protein (GM2AP), and hydrolyze GM2 ganglioside. A major impediment to establishing gene or enzyme replacement therapy based on HexA is the need to synthesize both subunits. Thus, we combined the critical features of both α- and β-subunits into a single hybrid µ-subunit that contains the α-subunit active site, the stable β-subunit interface and unique areas in each subunit needed to interact with GM2AP. To facilitate intracellular analysis and the purification of the µ-homodimer (HexM), CRISPR-based genome editing was used to disrupt the HEXA and HEXB genes in a Human Embryonic Kidney 293 cell line stably expressing the µ-subunit. In association with GM2AP, HexM was shown to hydrolyze a fluorescent GM2 ganglioside derivative both in cellulo and in vitro. Gene transfer studies in both Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff mouse models demonstrated that HexM expression reduced brain GM2 ganglioside levels.
Colloidal quantum wells for optoelectronic devices (2020)

Colloidal quantum wells, or nanoplatelets, are a promising class of solution-processable two-dimensional materials with properties well-suited for diverse optoelectronic devices.
Quantization based on a novel sample-adaptive product quantizer (SAPQ) (1999)

In this paper, we propose a novel feedforward adaptive quantization scheme called the sample-adaptive product quantizer (SAPQ). This is a structurally constrained vector quantizer that uses unions of product codebooks. SAPQ is based on a concept of adaptive quantization to the varying samples of the source and is very different from traditional adaptation techniques for nonstationary sources. SAPQ quantizes each source sample using a sequence of quantizers. Even when using scalar quantization in SAPQ, we can achieve performance comparable to vector quantization (with the complexity still close to that of scalar quantization). We also show that important lattice-based vector quantizers can be constructed using scalar quantization in SAPQ. We mathematically analyze SAPQ and propose a algorithm to implement it. We numerically study SAPQ for independent and identically distributed Gaussian and Laplacian sources. Through our numerical study, we find that SAPQ using scalar quantizers achieves typical gains of 13 dB in distortion over the Lloyd-Max quantizer. We also show that SAPQ can he used in conjunction with vector quantizers to further improve the gains.
Sprite-based video coding using on-line segmentation (2002)

We address the problem of on-line sprite-based video coding in cases where scene segmentation is not available a priori or transmission of such segmentation information cannot be afforded due to low bit rate requirements. We propose an on-line segmentation method that can be integrated into an MPEG4 on-line sprite based video codec. The proposed method uses macroblock types as well as motion compensated residuals to perform the on-line segmentation. It produces a background mosaic without requiring a priori foreground-background segmentation information. Our results demonstrate the coding efficiency and functionality benefits of the proposed approach.
A semiconductor deterministic bright source of entangled photon pairs (2011)

In this work, we show that this drawback can be overcome by coupling an optical cavity in the form of a 'photonic molecule' to a single QD. Two coupled identical pillars are etched in a semiconductor planar microcavity, using an optical lithography method that ensures a deterministic coupling to the optical transitions of a pre-selected quantum dot. Acceleration of spontaneous emission ensures that most entangled photon pairs are emitted into two cavity modes, while improving the indistinguishability of the two optical recombination paths.
A new series expansion method and its application to photon-counting CT reconstruction (2020)

The introduction of photon-counting detectors in x-ray computed tomography raises the question of how reconstruction algorithms should be adapted to photon-counting measurement data. The transition from energyintegrating to photon-counting detectors introduces new effects into the data model, such as pure Poisson statistics and increased cross talk between detector pixels, (e.g. due to charge sharing), but it is still not known in detail how these effects can be treated accurately by the reconstruction algorithm. In this work, we propose a new reconstruction method based on penalized-likelihood reconstruction that incorporates these effects. By starting from a simple, easily-solved reconstruction problem and adding correction terms for the additional physical effects, we obtain a series expansion for the solution to the image reconstruction problem. This approach serves the twofold purpose of (1) yielding a new, potentially faster method of incorporating complex detector models in the reconstruction process and (2) providing insight into the impact of the non-ideal physical effects on the reconstructed image. We investigate the potential for reconstructing images from simulated photon-counting energy-resolving CT data with the new algorithm by including correction terms representing pure Poisson statistics and interpixel cross talk; and we investigate the impact of these physical effects on the reconstructed images. Results indicate that using two correction terms gives good agreement with the converged solution, suggesting that the new method is feasible in practice. This new approach to image reconstruction can help in developing improved reconstruction algorithms for photon-counting CT.
Discovery of a Potent, Dual Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor (2013)

The objective of the described research effort was to identify a novel serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) with improved norepinephrine transporter activity and acceptable metabolic stability and exhibiting minimal drug-drug interaction. We describe herein the discovery of a series of 3-substituted pyrrolidines, exemplified by compound 1. Compound 1 is a selective SNRI in vitro and in vivo, has favorable ADME properties, and retains inhibitory activity in the formalin model of pain behavior. Compound 1 thus represents a potential new probe to explore utility of SNRIs in central nervous system disorders, including chronic pain conditions.
Molecular Insights Into μ Opioid Pharmacology (2009)

Most of the opioids used in clinical practice exert their effects through mu opioid receptors. Yet, subtle but important pharmacological differences have been observed among the mu opioids. Their potency, effectiveness, and adverse effects can vary unpredictably among patients. These clinical differences among the mu opioids strongly argue against a single receptor mediating their actions. The cloning of the mu opioid receptor has greatly enhanced our understanding of the complexity of this system and has provided possible mechanisms to explain these observations. A single mu opioid receptor gene has been identified, but we now know that it generates a multitude of different mu opioid receptor subtypes through a mechanism commonly used to enhance protein diversity, alternative splicing. Early studies identified a number of splice variants involving the tip of the C-terminus. This region of the receptor is far away from the binding pocket, explaining why these variants still exhibit the same selectivity for mu opioids. However, the differences in structure at the C-terminus influence the activation patterns of the mu opioids. In addition, a second series of variants has been isolated that involves alternative splicing at the N-terminus. Together, these sets of mu opioid receptor splice variants may help explain the clinical variability of the mu drugs among patients and provide insights into why it is so important to individualize therapy for every patient in pain.
Nucleotide sequence of a growth-related mRNA encoding a member of the prolactin-growth hormone family. (1984)

As part of the proliferative response to serum, mouse 3T3 cells produce a set of growth-related mRNAs identified by hybridization to cloned cDNAs. One of these mRNAs, which is about 1 kilobase long, appears within a few hours after stimulation of resting cells with serum or platelet-derived growth factor and reaches a high level during the transition from the G1 to the S phase of growth. This mRNA is translated in vitro into a protein of approximately 25 kilodaltons. The corresponding cloned cDNA of 791 base pairs has been sequenced; it contains a single open reading frame that encodes a protein of 224 amino acids with extensive sequence homology to mammalian prolactins. The initial 29-amino acid segment of the encoded protein resembles the signal sequences of prehormones. That the growth-related protein is not mouse prolactin is indicated by comparison of its predicted amino acid composition with that of mouse prolactin and by the distinct fragment patterns seen when restricted mouse DNA is probed with the cloned cDNA or rat prolactin cDNA. Therefore, the growth-related protein appears to be a new member of the prolactin-growth hormone family. Because of its relationship to prolactin and growth hormone and its association with cell proliferation, the protein has been called "proliferin."
Interferometric lithography with an amplitude division interferometer and a desktop extreme ultraviolet laser (2008)

We demonstrate a compact interferometric lithography nanopatterning tool based on an amplitude division interferometer (ADI) and a 46.9 nm wavelength desktop size capillary discharge laser. The system is designed to print arrays of lines, holes, and dots with sizes below 100 nm on high resolution photoresists for the fabrication of arrays of nanostructures with physical and biological applications. The future combination of this ADI with high repetition rate tabletop lasers operating at shorter wavelengths should allow the printing of arrays of sub-10 nm size features with a tabletop setup.
NOISE DETECTION AND ELIMINATION FOR IMPROVED ACOUSTIC DETECTION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (2012)

There is extensive prior research in coronary artery disease (CAD) detection using sounds recorded from the chest. The acoustic approach to CAD detection is cost-effective, noninvasive and easy to implement; however, it is sensitive to external and internal noise commonly encountered in the clinical setting, which can reduce its reliability. If this noise can be accurately detected and eliminated, the accuracy of the acoustic approach to CAD detection can be significantly improved. In this paper, we develop and evaluate an algorithm to detect noise in acoustic recordings made in the clinical setting. This approach uses signals from a reference microphone placed near the stomach that detects both external and internal noise in the acoustic recording. Applying spectral subtraction and a histogram-based threshold to the reference signal, we are able to identify and eliminate segments that contain noise in the acoustic recording. This algorithm is effective in detecting noise from both external and internal sources.
Surface-consistent amplitude simultaneous joint inversion for PP and PS data (2014)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2014Surface-consistent amplitude simultaneous joint inversion for PP and PS dataAuthors: Guillaume Henin*Katia GarceranDavid Le MeurFrederique BertinAnne RolletGuillaume Henin*CGG, Katia GarceranCGG, David Le MeurCGG, Frederique BertinCGG, and Anne RolletCGGhttps://doi.org/10.1190/segam2014-0518.1 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Abstract Surface-consistent amplitude corrections are commonly used to correct for the amplitude variations due to nearsurface conditions in land processing. Usually, the corrections for PP and PS datasets are computed separately. There are, however, sound geophysical reasons why a subset of these scalars should be common or shared between PP and PS data. The simultaneous joint estimation of the source and receiver correction scalars for PP and PS datasets that we propose is a way to ensure the consistency of the surface-consistent corrections for both datasets. It also enables a better estimation of the source term which must be identical for PP and PS traces originating from the same shot to be in accordance with the surface-consistent model. When performing surface consistent amplitude corrections of PS datasets, only the radial projection is usually used for the estimation of surface-consistent scalars. As regards the simultaneous joint inversion we also investigated the use of the transverse projection in addition to the radial projection for completeness. Keywords: AVO/AVA, amplitude, geophones, seismic, sourcesPermalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2014-0518.1FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2014ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 2014 Pages: 5183 publication data© 2014 Published in electronic format with permission by the Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished: 05 Aug 2014 CITATION INFORMATION Guillaume Henin*, Katia Garceran, David Le Meur, Frederique Bertin, and Anne Rollet, (2014), "Surface-consistent amplitude simultaneous joint inversion for PP and PS data," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1965-1969. https://doi.org/10.1190/segam2014-0518.1 Plain-Language Summary KeywordsAVO/AVAamplitudegeophonesseismicsourcesPDF DownloadLoading ...
Generation of uniform high fields with magnetized wedges (1997)

The properties of permanent magnets composed of uniformly magnetized wedges are presented in this paper. The magnets are fully open structures capable of generating strong fields exceeding the remanence of the material.
Reduced Amide Bond Peptidomimetics. (4<i>S</i>)-<i>N</i>-(4-Amino-5-[aminoalkyl]aminopentyl)-<i>N</i>‘-nitroguanidines, Potent and Highly Selective Inhibitors of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (2001)

Selective inhibition of the isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) could be therapeutically useful in the treatment of certain disease states arising from the overproduction of nitric oxide. Recently, we reported nitroarginine-containing dipeptide amides (Huang, H; Martasek, P.; Roman, L. J.; Masters, B. S. S.; Silverman, R. B. J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42, 3147.) and some peptidomimetic analogues (Huang, H; Martasek, P.; Roman, L. J.; Silverman, R.B. J. Med Chem. 2000, 43, 2938.) as potent and selective inhibitors of neuronal NOS (nNOS). Here, reduced amide bond pseudodipeptide analogues are synthesized and evaluated for their activity. The deletion of the carbonyl group from the amide bond either preserves or improves the potency for nNOS. Significantly, the selectivities for nNOS over eNOS (endothelial NOS), and iNOS (inducible NOS) are greatly increased in these series. The most potent nNOS inhibitor among these compounds is (4S)-N-(4-amino-5-[aminoethyl]aminopentyl)-N'-nitroguanidine (7) (K(i) = 120 nM), which also shows the highest selectivity over eNOS (greater than 2500-fold) and 320-fold selectivity over iNOS. The reduced amide bond is an excellent surrogate of the amide bond, and it will facilitate the design of new potent and selective inhibitors of nNOS.
New route to the fabrication of nanocrystalline diamond films (2014)

Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) thin films offer applications in various fields, but the existing synthetic approaches are cumbersome and destructive. A major breakthrough has been achieved by our group in the direction of a non-destructive, scalable, and economic process of NCD thin-film fabrication. Here, we report a cheap precursor for the growth of nanocrystalline diamond in the form of paraffin wax. We show that NCD thin films can be fabricated on a copper support by using simple, commonplace paraffin wax under reaction conditions of Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD). Surprisingly, even the presence of any catalyst or seeding that has been conventionally used in the state-of-the-art is not required. The structure of the obtained films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Raman spectroscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy recorded at the carbon K-edge region confirm the presence of nanocrystalline diamond. The process is a significant step towards cost-effective and non-cumbersome fabrication of nanocrystalline diamond thin films for commercial production.
Reduced Waveguide Intersection Losses for Large Tree-Structured Ti:LiNbO3 Switch Arrays (1989)

We describe modifications to waveguide intersections used in integrated-optic switches that permit reduced excess loss. Using the Beam Propagation Method as a guide, we designed and fabricated geometries that have 50% lower loss.