gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
X-ray diffraction from thin film structures : characterization and modeling (2007)

InAs/GaSb superlattices grown via molecular beam epitaxy, and containing InSb-like interfacial layers, were analyzed with a combination of x-ray diffraction (XRD) and structural refinement techniques. The superlattice refinement from x-rays (SUPREX) method determines with high accuracy the average thicknesses and d-spacings of the individual InAs and GaSb layers in addition to standard structural parameters usually obtained by XRD, such as the modulation length (periodicity), average out- of-plane interplanar spacings, and total thickness. The combined SUPREX/XRD experiments show that the absence of certain odd order satellite features in the x-ray data is due to asymmetric and inhomogeneous lattice strain. \\ textit}Ex situ}-annealed InAs/GaSb superlattices were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and XRD methods. Results show that annealing at temperatures between 200 ̕C and 300 ̕C for 1 hour in HVAC improves the structural quality of these superlattices. Strain relaxation occurs during the annealing process indicating that there are chemical intermixing and anion segregation in the superlattices. The effect of the inner-molecular electron density on the x-ray diffraction profile of a layer-stacked thin film is studied. Important phase information contained in the x-ray diffraction profile of highly anisotropic molecular-based thin films is charaterized. The experimental and calculated results show that the intensity distribution of the diffraction peaks belonging to the same lattice orientation provides important structural information. For example, tilt angle and core electron density of a molecule can be determined from the intensity distribution. The out-of-plane tilt angle relaxation is studied numerically. The results show that the relaxation can only occur at the first phthalocyanine monolayer above the substrate. The lateral grain size effect and the polar angle anisotropy are studied using a three-dimensional model. The FWHM of the center peak in associated rocking curves gives lateral coherence length or lateral grain size, and the ratio of the intensities from the diffraction peaks in normal diffraction curves shows the uniaxial angular anisotropy of the phthalocyanine thin films
A new active phase shifter using a vector sum method (2000)

In this letter, a new active phase shifter is proposed using a vector sum method, and it is shown that the proposed phase shifter is more efficient than the others in size, power, number of circuits, and gain. Also a unique digital phase control method of the circuit is suggested. The proposed scheme was designed and implemented using a Wilkinson power combiner/divider, a branch line 3 dB quadrature hybrid coupler and variable gain amplifiers (VGA's) using dual gate FETs (DGFETs). Furthermore, it is also shown that the proposed scheme is more efficient and works properly with the digital phase control method.
Local Implicit Grid Representations for 3D Scenes (2020)

Shape priors learned from data are commonly used to reconstruct 3D objects from partial or noisy data. Yet no such shape priors are available for indoor scenes, since typical 3D autoencoders cannot handle their scale, complexity, or diversity. In this paper, we introduce Local Implicit Grid Representations, a new 3D shape representation designed for scalability and generality. The motivating idea is that most 3D surfaces share geometric details at some scale - i.e., at a scale smaller than an entire object and larger than a small patch. We train an autoencoder to learn an embedding of local crops of 3D shapes at that size. Then, we use the decoder as a component in a shape optimization that solves for a set of latent codes on a regular grid of overlapping crops such that an interpolation of the decoded local shapes matches a partial or noisy observation. We demonstrate the value of this proposed approach for 3D surface reconstruction from sparse point observations, showing significantly better results than alternative approaches.
Hardware support for real-time embedded multiprocessor system-on-a-chip memory management (2002)

The aggressive evolution of the semiconductor industry --- smaller process geometries, higher densities, and greater chip complexity --- has provided design engineers the means to create complex high-performance Systems-on-a-Chip (SoC) designs. Such SoC designs typically have more than one processor and huge memory, all on the same chip. Dealing with the global on- chip memory allocation/de-allocation in a dynamic yet deterministic way is an important issue for the upcoming billion transistor multiprocessor SoC designs. To achieve this, we propose a memory management hierarchy we call Two-Level Memory Management. To implement this memory management scheme --- which presents a paradigm shift in the way designers look at on-chip dynamic memory allocation --- we present a System-on-a-Chip Dynamic Memory Management Unit (SoCDMMU) for allocation of the global on-chip memory, which we refer to as Level Two memory management (Level One is the operating system management of memory allocated to a particular on-chip Processing Element). In this way, processing elements (heterogeneous or non-heterogeneous hardware or software) in an SoC can request and be granted portions of the global memory in a fast and deterministic time (for an example of a four processing element SoC, the dynamic memory allocation of the global on-chip memory takes sixteen cycles per allocation/deallocation in the worst case). In this paper, we show how to modify an existing Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) to support the new proposed SoCDMMU. Our example shows a multiprocessor SoC that utilizes the SoCDMMU has 440% overall speedup of the application transition time over fully shared memory that does not utilize the SoCDMMU.
Polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic chip with integrated microheater and thermal sensor (2009)

A microheater and a thermal sensor were fabricated inside elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane microchannels by injecting silver paint (or other conductive materials) into the channels. With a high-precision control scheme, microheaters can be used for rapid heating, with precise temperature control and uniform thermal distribution. Using such a microheater and feedback system, a polymerase chain reaction experiment was carried out whereas the DNA was successfully amplified in 25 cycles, with 1 min per cycle.
Algorithms that use the ionosphere to control GPS errors (2002)

The ionosphere, a major source of GPS pseudorange errors, can now be used to monitor and control other pseudorange errors in GPS two-frequency systems. These errors, which may originate in the receiver, pre-amp, satellite, or elsewhere, have been a continuing correction issue for precise GPS pseudorange measurement. Ionosphere-based correction is possible through use of self-calibration of pseudorange errors (SCORE) algorithms, which apply consistency constraints on the ionospheric measurements to calibrate an installed GPS two-frequency receiver system for non-ionospheric pseudorange error. SCORE delivers the sum, for each satellite, of all system components' contributions to pseudorange error. Current SCORE processing speed and projected upgrades should support near-real-time system and ionosphere error monitoring and correction for DGPS and WAAS. SCORE algorithms have also been modified to be used with single frequency GPS data, where they can give single frequency receivers true capability to monitor absolute ionospheric pseudorange error. If accurate enough, this capability may enable single frequency systems to aid WAAS ionospheric error correction.
Golgi localisation of GMAP210 requires two distinct cis-membrane binding mechanisms (2009)

We conclude that the Golgi localisation of GMAP210 is the result of the combined action of the two N- and C-terminal domains that recognise different sub-regions of the cis-GA. Based on present and previous data, we propose a model in which GMAP210 would participate in homotypic fusion of cis-cisternae by anchoring the surface of cisternae via its C-terminus and projecting its distal N-terminus to bind the rims or to stabilise tubular structures connecting neighbouring cis-cisternae.
Wireline Deployed Metal Sealing Bridge Plug System: Operational Learning Curve and Subsequent Redevelopment (2008)

Abstract This paper will focus on a project to redevelop a wireline deployable metal-to-metal seal, ISO 14310 VO qualified, retrievable bridge plug system to allow it to be conveyed successfully in a high rate gas well for acid stimulation zonal isolation operations. Functionality of the original system including the plug and hydrostatic setting assembly had previously been tested in a fluid environment yet envisioned for a gas well application. Initial well installations gave results that led to a reconsideration of the forces being generated by the running and pulling tools due to the differences between a gas and a fluid environment and their impact on system reliability and functionality. The paper will discuss some of the problems discovered with the system for this particular application and the system redesign over a one-year period, which included a number of qualification tests performed at near to real well conditions. This discussion will include information on the complexities of performing such tests and the solutions used to develop a successfully qualified "fit-for-purpose" redesign. The paper will conclude with a high-level overview of the system's first deployment in an actual field well application.
Amorphous silicon based large format uncooled FPA microbolometer technology (2008)

This paper presents recent developments in next generation microbolometer Focal Plane Array (FPA) technology at L-3 Communications Infrared Products (L-3 CIP). Infrared detector technology at L-3 CIP is based on hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and amorphous silicon germanium(a-SiGe:H). Large format high performance, fast, and compact IR FPAs are enabled by a low thermal mass pixel design; favorable material properties; an advanced ROIC design; and wafer level packaging. Currently at L-3 CIP, 17 micron pixel FPA array technology including 320x240, 640 x 480 and 1024 x768 arrays is under development. Applications of these FPAs range from low power microsensors to high resolution near-megapixel imager systems.
Towards multi-agent reinforcement learning for integrated network of optimal traffic controllers (MARLIN-OTC) (2010)

Traffic congestion can be alleviated by infrastructure expansions; however, improving the existing infrastructure using traffic control is more plausible due to the obvious financial resources and physical space constraints. The most promising control tools include ramp metering, variable message signs, and signalized intersections. Synergizing the aforementioned strategies in one platform is an ultimate and challenging goal to alleviate traffic gridlock and optimally utilize the existing system capacity; this is referred to as <i>Integrated Traffic Control (ITC). Reinforcement Learning (RL)</i> techniques have the potential to tackle the optimal traffic control problem. <i>Game Theory (GT)</i> fits well in modelling the distributed control systems as multiplayer games. <i>Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL)</i> achieves the potential synergy of <i>RL</i> and <i>GT</i> concepts, providing a promising tool for optimal distributed traffic control. The objective of this paper is to clarify the opportunities of game theory concepts and <i>MARL</i> approaches in creating an adaptive optimal traffic control system that is decentralized but yet integrated through agents' interactions. In this paper, we comparatively review and evaluate the relevant existing approaches. We then envision and introduce a novel framework that combines <i>GT</i> concepts and <i>MARL</i> to achieve a <i>Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Integrated Network of Optimal Traffic Controllers (MARLIN-OTC).</i>
Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital, South Odisha, India (2014)

<b>Background:</b> <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative rod which is responsible for 10% of all hospital-acquired infections. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the frequency, risk factors and antibiotic resistance pattern of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> isolated from various clinical samples. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Present retrospective hospital record based cross-sectional study included a total of 6280 clinical samples collected from patients at a tertiary care hospital, South Odisha, India from January 2011 to December 2012. Samples were processed and identified by standard protocol. The <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was tested for antibiotic resistance by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method (according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines). <b>Results:</b> From 6280 clinical samples, 3378 (53.8%) samples yielded significant growth and 327 samples were positive for (9.7%, 327/3378) <i>P. aeruginosa</i> (6.8% of nosocomial and 2.9% of community-acquired infections). Maximum 221 (67.6%) isolates were obtained from pus/swab, followed by urine 15% and blood (4.9%). Elderly, in-patients and invasive procedures were found to be significant risk factors in the setup investigated (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Out of 327 isolates, 277 (84.7%) isolates were multidrug-resistant, 99 (35.7%, 99/277) isolates were extensively drug-resistant. No pandrug-resistant isolate was obtained. Majority of isolates were sensitive to imipenem, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam, showed the least resistance rate of 6.4%, 8% and 11.3% respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> This hospital based epidemiological data will help to implement better infection control strategies and improve the knowledge of antibiotic resistance patterns among clinicians. Thus, there is a need for periodical antimicrobial surveillance to monitor the resistance patterns in local hospitals.
Moderate Role of Oxytocin in the Pro-Ejaculatory Effect of the 5-HT1A Receptor Agonist 8-OH-DPAT (2014)

Activation of OXT neurons plays a moderate role in the pro-ejaculatory effects of systemic 8-OH-DPAT, but extracellular 5-HT levels may influence the strength of the effects.
Use of Amitriptyline in the Treatment of Interstitial Cystitis (1989)

A total of 25 patients with interstitial cystitis who had failed standard therapy with hydrodistension of the bladder during anesthesia and intravesical dimethyl sulfoxide instillation underwent treatment with the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline. The initial dosage of 25 mg. before bed was increased gradually during a 3-week period to 75 mg. at bedtime. Of the patients 20 were able to tolerate the medication for a minimum of 3 weeks and could be evaluated for response. A significant improvement was noted in pain and daytime frequency. Of 9 patients 8 experienced relief of dyspareunia and 11 of 19 reported diminished urinary urgency. Eight patients have experienced virtual total remission of symptoms and have been on the drug for 4 to 28 months. It appears reasonable to consider the use of amitriptyline in patients with interstitial cystitis refractory to standard therapy.
The Authenticator Pattern (1999)

A server system acting as a repository of objects available to a variety of unrelated distributed clients is likely to require a means to restrict access based on the identity of the requesting client. Identification and authentication protocols are often missing from currently available distributed object systems. The Authenticator pattern describes a general mechanism for providing identification and authentication to a server from a client. It has the added feature of allowing protocol negotiation to take place using the same procedures. The pattern operates by offering an authentication negotiation object which then provides the protected object only after authentication is successful.
Semantic Parsing for Task Oriented Dialog using Hierarchical Representations (2018)

Task oriented dialog systems typically first parse user utterances to semantic frames comprised of intents and slots. Previous work on task oriented intent and slot-filling work has been restricted to one intent per query and one slot label per token, and thus cannot model complex compositional requests. Alternative semantic parsing systems have represented queries as logical forms, but these are challenging to annotate and parse. We propose a hierarchical annotation scheme for semantic parsing that allows the representation of compositional queries, and can be efficiently and accurately parsed by standard constituency parsing models. We release a dataset of 44k annotated queries 1 , and show that parsing models outperform sequence-to-sequence approaches on this dataset.
Towards Model-free Markerless Motion Capture (2003)

An approach for model-free markerless motion capture of humans is presented. This approach is centered on generating underlying nonlinear axes (or a skeleton curve) from a volume of a human subject. Human volumes are captured from multiple calibrated cameras. We describe the use of skeleton curves for determining the kinematic posture of a human captured volume. Our motion capture uses a skeleton curve, found in each frame of a volume sequence, to automatically produce kinematic motion. We apply several types of motion to our capture approach and use the results to actuate a dynamically simulated humanoid robot.
High Yield, Large Scale Synthesis of Thiolate-Protected Ag<sub>7</sub> Clusters (2009)

We report a high yielding synthesis of truly monodisperse, thiolate-protected silver clusters via a rationally designed approach. The cluster composition was determined by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry to be Ag(7)(DMSA)(4), where DMSA represents meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid. The Ag(7) thiolate clusters exhibit distinct optical properties. The approach developed in this work provides some insight into the cluster growth kinetics and may be extendable to the synthesis of other sized silver nanoclusters.
Synthesis of Crotyl Alcohol by the Selective Hydrogenation of Crotonaldehyde over Alumina-supported Bimetallic Catalysts. (1994)

Liquid-phase hydrogenation of crotonaldehyde has been examined over supported metal and bimetallic catalysts. Formation of crotyl alcohol was observed over alumina-supported Pt and Co catalysts. Coand Pt-based bimetallic catalysts were also examined. Bimetallic catalysts were prepared by selective deposition method, using volatile complexes as the precursors of second metallic components. Promotion effects of second metallic components were found especially on catalysts containing Zr, Ti and Ru. By addition of Zr (dpm)4 on Co-Al2O3, formation rate of crotyl alcohol increased significantly with the decrease in by-products.
Visualizing oil displacement with foam in a microfluidic device with permeability contrast (2014)

Foam mobility control and novel oil displacement mechanisms were observed in a microfluidic device representing a porous media system with layered permeability. Foam was pre-generated using a flow-focusing microfluidic device and injected into an oil-wet, oil-saturated 2-D PDMS microfluidic device. The device is designed with a central fracture flanked by high-permeability and low-permeability zones stratified in the direction of injection. A 1 : 1, 1% blend of alpha olefin sulfonate 14-16 (AOS) and lauryl betaine (LB) surfactants produced stable foam in the presence of paraffin oil. The oil saturation and pressure drop across the microfluidic device were measured as a function of time and the injected pore volume, indicating an increase in apparent viscosity for foam with an accompanying decrease in oil saturation. In contrast to the control experiments, foam was shown to more effectively mobilize trapped oil by increasing the flow resistance in the fracture and high-permeability zones and by diverting the surfactant solution into adjacent low-permeability zones. The foam was observed to separate into gas-rich and aqueous-rich phases depending on matrix permeability, suggesting that it is not appropriate to treat foam as a homogeneous dispersion of gas and liquid.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Fluorination with Tetrabutylammonium Dihydrogen Trifluoride in a Novel Approach Toward 1‐α‐Fluoro‐25‐hydroxy‐vitamin D<sub>3</sub> Analogues. (1999)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
El Realismo español: palabras y cosas (2015)

“Spanish realism” has provoked many and various interpretations, centering around the term as a “sui generis” form of relating man to reality, both at epistemological as well as moral and political levels. María Zambrano developed an especially notable approach in her first lectures on Mexican soil from her previous reflections in Hora de España, which are analysed in this article. From Unamuno and Ortega, she evolved her own very interesting position which, being itself based on a philosophy of the history of Spain, becomes a fully philosophical proposal without borders.
Select-Response Grouping Proof for RFID Tags (2009)

In this paper, we investigate a scenario of RFID applications referred to enable a group of RFID tags which have been scanned simultaneously by a reading device, is literally called grouping proof problems. After examining the existing ldquoYoking Proofrdquo protocols of RFID, this paper proposes a protocol called ldquoSelect-Responserdquo Grouping Proof. Instead of waiting the computation result from the tags as previous protocols, the new protocol uses a new mechanism that the reader actively selects the demanded tags to fulfill the verification. With this fundamental change, our protocol neutralizes the threats of denial of service attack, which is suffered by the ldquoYoking Proofrdquo protocols, and provide collision-free and missing tag identification properties, which would offer great help in the practical applications.
OPC UA Message Transmission Method over CoAP (2018)

OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) is a data exchange specification
that provides interoperability in industrial automation. With the
arrival of Industry 4.0, it is of great importance to implement the
exchange of semantic information utilizing OPC UA Transmitting in
CoAP. This document provides some transmission methods for message of
OPC UA over CoAP.
Open‐path, near‐infrared tunable diode laser spectrometer for atmospheric measurements of H<sub>2</sub>O (1998)

A new instrument for in situ measurements of atmospheric water vapor from aircraft platforms has been developed based upon near‐infrared turnable diode laser sources operating near 1.37 μm. The spectrometer features a unique open‐path, multipass (Herriott) cell for true in situ monitoring of water vapor concentrations with precision levels exceeding those of existing Lyman α and frost point hygrometers. External sampling outside of the aircraft boundary layer minimizes ambiguities in the measured water vapor abundances. Variable spectrum acquisition rates up to 10 Hz provide fast temporal resolution free from sampling or flow rate limitations. In its current configuration the instrument operates from the right wing pod of the NASA ER‐2 research aircraft and is optimized for measurements in the upper troposphere and stratosphere (to 20 km). Measurement precision is ±0.05 ppmv in the stratosphere for a 2‐s measurement integration period. The flight‐ready instrument weight is 8.2 kg, and power consumption, exclusive of structural heaters, is 7.5 W.