gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tone signal generation device with resonance tone effect (1990)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Satoshi Usa, Hideo Suzuki; Tone signal generation device with resonance tone effect. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 December 1990; 88 (6): 2915. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.399599 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Three-Gene Molecular Diagnostic Model for Thyroid Cancer (2012)

Our results suggest that a three-gene model for the cytological diagnosis of indeterminate thyroid nodules is both feasible and promising. Implementation of this as an adjunct to thyroid cytology may significantly impact the clinical management of patients with suspicious or indeterminate thyroid FNA nodules.
The <i>Arabidopsis GAI</i> gene defines a signaling pathway that negatively regulates gibberellin responses (1997)

The Arabidopsis gai mutant allele confers a reduction in gibberellin (GA) responsiveness. Here we report the molecular cloning of GAI and a closely related gene GRS. The predicted GAI (wild-type) and gai (mutant) proteins differ only by the deletion of a 17-amino-acid segment from within the amino-terminal region. GAI and GRS contain nuclear localization signals, a region of homology to a putative transcription factor, and motifs characteristic of transcriptional coactivators. Genetic analysis indicates that GAI is a repressor of GA responses, that GA can release this repression, and that gai is a mutant repressor that is relatively resistant to the effects of GA. Mutations at SPY and GAR2 suppress the gai phenotype, indicating the involvement of GAI, SPY, and GAR2 in a signaling pathway that regulates GA responses negatively. The existence of this pathway suggests that GA modulates plant growth through derepression rather than through simple stimulation.
Fingernail touch sensors: spatially distributed measurement and hemodynamic modeling (2002)

Advancements on a new type of touch sensor for detecting contact pressure at human fingertips are presented. A fingernail is instrumented with miniature LEDs and photodetectors in order to measure changes in the nail color when the fingertip is pressed against a surface. The fingernail sensor allows the fingers to directly contact the environment without obstructing the human's natural haptic senses. Reflectance photoplethysmography is used to measure the pattern of nail color, i.e., the blood content under the fingernail. Hemodynamic modeling, based on actual fingertip anatomy and physiology, is used to investigate the dynamics of the change in blood volume at multiple locations under the fingernail. An optical model is created to relate the blood volume to the light intensity measured by the photodetectors. The theoretical analysis is verified through model simulation and experimentation using a prototype fingernail sensor.
Quickest Transient-Change Detection under a Sampling Constraint. (2015)

Given a discrete time series that undergoes a transient change in distribution from $P_0$ to $P_1$ at an unknown instant, this paper addresses the question of finding the minimum sampling rate needed in order to detect the change as efficiently as under full sampling. 
The problem is cast into a Bayesian setup where the change, assumed to be of fixed known duration $n$, occurs randomly and uniformly within a time frame of size $A_n=2^{\alpha n}$ for some known uncertainty parameter $\alpha>0$. It is shown that, for any fixed $\alpha \in (0,D(P_1||P_0))$, as long as the sampling rate is of order $\omega(1/n)$ the change can be detected as quickly as under full sampling, in the limit of vanishing false-alarm probability. The delay, in this case, is some linear function of $n$. Conversely, if $\alpha>D(P_1||P_0) $ or if the sampling rate is $o(1/n)$ reliable detection is impossible---the false-alarm probability is bounded away from zero or the delay is $\Theta(2^{\alpha n})$. 
This paper illustrates this result through a recently proposed asynchronous communication framework. Here, the receiver observes mostly pure background noise except for a brief period of time, starting at an unknown instant, when data is transmitted thereby inducing a local change in distribution at the receiver. For this model, capacity per unit cost (minimum energy to transmit one bit of information) and communication delay were characterized and shown to be unaffected by a sparse sampling at the receiver as long as the sampling rate is a non-zero constant. This paper strengthens this result and shows that it continues to hold even if the sampling rate tends to zero at a rate no faster than $ \omega(1/B)$, where $B$ denotes the number of transmitted message bits. Conversely, if the sampling rate decreases as $o(1/B)$, reliable communication is impossible.
Functional Expression of a Bacterial Xylose Isomerase in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (2009)

In industrial fermentation processes, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is commonly used for ethanol production. However, it lacks the ability to ferment pentose sugars like d-xylose and l-arabinose. Heterologous expression of a xylose isomerase (XI) would enable yeast cells to metabolize xylose. However, many attempts to express a prokaryotic XI with high activity in S. cerevisiae have failed so far. We have screened nucleic acid databases for sequences encoding putative XIs and finally were able to clone and successfully express a highly active new kind of XI from the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium phytofermentans in S. cerevisiae. Heterologous expression of this enzyme confers on the yeast cells the ability to metabolize d-xylose and to use it as the sole carbon and energy source. The new enzyme has low sequence similarities to the XIs from Piromyces sp. strain E2 and Thermus thermophilus, which were the only two XIs previously functionally expressed in S. cerevisiae. The activity and kinetic parameters of the new enzyme are comparable to those of the Piromyces XI. Importantly, the new enzyme is far less inhibited by xylitol, which accrues as a side product during xylose fermentation. Furthermore, expression of the gene could be improved by adapting its codon usage to that of the highly expressed glycolytic genes of S. cerevisiae. Expression of the bacterial XI in an industrially employed yeast strain enabled it to grow on xylose and to ferment xylose to ethanol. Thus, our findings provide an excellent starting point for further improvement of xylose fermentation in industrial yeast strains.
A Supply Network Model with Base-Stock Control and Service Requirements (2000)

We develop a supply network model that takes as input the bill of materials, the (nominal) lead times, the demand and cost data, and the required customer service levels. In return, the model generates the base-stock level at each store—the stocking location for a part or an end-product, so as to minimize the overall inventory capital throughout the network and to guarantee the customer service requirements. The key ingredient of the model is a detailed, albeit approximate, analysis of the actual lead times at each store and the associated demand over such lead times, along with a characterization of the operation at each store via an inventory-queue model. The gradients are derived in explicit forms, and a conjugate gradient routine is used to search for the optimal solution. Several numerical examples are presented to validate the model and to illustrate its various features.
<title>Analog phase holograms by electron-beam lithography</title> (1994)

Phase holograms have been created on the surface of a thin film of poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA, Plexiglas) by direct-write electron beam (E-Beam) lithography. The process involves delivering a patterned exposure dose followed by partial development with a strong developer. The patterned dose derives from arbitrary computer-calculated holograms, which must be corrected for the sensitivity characteristic of the PMMA and for the effective point-spread function of the E-Beam.
Distribution and localization of a G protein‐coupled inwardly rectifying K<sup>+</sup> channel in the rat (1994)

The cellular distribution of the mRNA of the inwardly rectifying K+ channel KGA (GIRK1) was investigated in rat tissue by in situ hybridization. KGA was originally cloned from the heart and represents the first G protein-activated K+ channel identified. It is expressed in peripheral tissue solely in the atrium, but not in the ventricle, skeletal muscle, lung and kidney. In the central nervous system KGA is most prominently expressed in the Ammon's horn and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, neocortical layers II-VI, cerebellar granular layer, olfactory bulb, anterior pituitary, thalamic nuclei and several distinct nuclei of the lower brainstem. The abundant expression of KGA in many CNS neurons supports its important role as a major target channel for G protein mediated receptor function.
Catalysis by cationic oxorhenium(v): hydrolysis and alcoholysis of organic silanes (2009)

The cationic [2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxazolinato(-2)]oxorhenium(v) complex promotes oxidative dehydrogenation of organosilanes with water and alcohols in a catalytic manner to give excellent yields of silanols and silyl ethers, respectively. The reactions proceed conveniently under ambient and open-flask conditions with low catalyst loading (<or=1 mol%). The scope of the reaction with water is quite broad and includes aliphatic, aromatic, tertiary, secondary and primary silanes. The rate of reaction depends on the catalyst and silane concentrations and kinetic isotope effect measurements demonstrate involvement of the Si-H bond in the activated complex. The most influential factor on the silane affecting reactivity is steric hindrance and a quantitative correlation with the Taft steric parameter (E) is presented. A combination of kinetic data and isotope labelling results are used to discuss plausible mechanisms for the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction pathway.
An adjustable collimator for neutron therapy (1981)

Describes a system of adjustable collimators installed on the fast neutron beam (16 MeVd on Be) from the MRC Cyclotron at Hammersmith Hospital. A vertical section through the midplane of the collimators is shown. They consist of pairs of jaws moving in two planes at right angles to each other. The jaws defining the vertical extent of the field are divided into two sections, one near the target and the other acting as a trimmer. In the other plane there is only a single pair. The edges project back to the outside of the target, an area of 2 cm*2 cm. The outer end of the trimmer is at 100 cm from the target. At the treatment distance of 135 cm the field size is set by limit switches between 3 cm*3 cm and 20 cm*20 cm. The jaws can be rotated through +or-50 degrees so that the field can be inclined at any desired angle. The drives to the pairs of jaws and to the rotation of the collimator use DC stepper motors. These, together with the appropriate electronic control circuitry, provide precise and rapid positioning of the jaws.
The EphB6 Receptor Inhibits JNK Activation in T Lymphocytes and Modulates T Cell Receptor-mediated Responses (2003)

EphB6 is the most recently identified member of the Eph receptor tyrosine kinase family. EphB6 is primarily expressed in thymocytes and a subpopulation of T cells, suggesting that it may be involved in regulation of T lymphocyte differentiation and functions. We show here that overexpression of EphB6 in Jurkat T cells and stimulation with the EphB6 ligand, ephrin-B1, results in the selective inhibition of TCR-mediated activation of JNK but not the MAPK pathway. EphB6 appears to suppress the JNK pathway by preventing T cell receptor (TCR)-induced activation of the small GTPase Rac1, a critical event in initiating the JNK cascade. Furthermore, EphB6 blocked anti-CD3-induced secretion of IL-2 and CD25 expression in a ligand-dependent manner. Dominant negative EphB6 suppressed the inhibitory activity of the endogenous receptor and enhanced anti-CD3-induced JNK activation, CD25 expression, and IL-2 secretion, confirming the requirement for EphB6-specific signaling. Activation of the JNK pathway and the establishment of an IL-2/IL-2R autocrine loop have been shown to play a role in the negative selection of CD4(+)CD8(+) self-reacting thymocytes. In agreement, stimulation of murine thymocytes with ephrin-B1 not only blocked anti-CD3-induced CD25 up-regulation and IL-2 production, but also inhibited TCR-mediated apoptosis. Thus, EphB6 may play an important role in regulating thymocyte differentiation and modulating responses of mature T cells.
Abstract 18122: Reduction of Scar Tissue after GHRH-Agonist Treatment in a Swine Model of Sub-acute Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (2014)

Introduction: Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor agonists (GHRH-A) stimulate cardiac repair following myocardial infarction (MI) in rats through the activation of the GHRH signaling pathway within the heart. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that the administration of GHRH-A prevents ventricular remodeling in a swine sub-acute MI model. Methods: Twelve female Yorkshire swine (25-30 Kg) underwent transient occlusion of the LAD coronary artery (MI). Two-weeks post-MI, swine were randomized to receive injections of either 30 μg/Kg GHRH-A (MR-409) (GHRH-A group; n=6) or vehicle (placebo group; n=6). Cardiac MRI, pressure volume loops and measures of endothelial function were obtained at multiple time points. Infarct-, border- and remote- (non-infarcted) zones were assessed for growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) by immunohistochemistry. Results: Four-weeks of GHRH-A treatment resulted in reduced scar mass (GHRH-A: –21.9±6.42%; p=0.02; placebo: 10.9±5.88%; p=0.25; Two-way ANOVA; p=0.003...
Robust steady‐state target calculation for model predictive control (2000)

Abstract In practice, model predictive control (MPC) algorithms are typically embedded within a multilevel hierarchy of control functions. The MPC algorithm itself is usually implemented in two pieces: a steady‐state target calculation followed by a dynamic optimization. A new formulation of the steady‐state target calculation is presented that explicitly accounts for model uncertainty. When model uncertainty is incorporated, the linear program associated with the steady‐state target calculation can be recast as a second‐order cone program. This article shows how primal‐dual interior‐point methods can take advantage of the resulting structure. Simulation examples illustrate the effect of uncertainty on the steady‐state target calculation and demonstrate the advantages of interior‐point methods.
Exact Formula For User Range Error in Wide Area Differential GPS (1995)

A wide area differential GPS system is defined with
GPS satellite orbits and a network of reference station
locations. For routinely attained GPS ephemeris
accuracies, a Service Volume Model shows that the
ephemeris component of user range error is negligible.
Given such GPS ephemeris accuracies and a subset of
satellites observed by all reference stations, an exact
expression is derived for the covariance matrix of the
reference station and satellite clock biases. The clock
covariance matrix is used to derive an exact expression for
user range error:
(3 - -=02Y
where (J Meas. is the pseudorange measurement error and
M is the number of reference stations. This establishes a
lower bound on user range error. Expressions are derived
for: reference station and satellite clock bias estimation
errors, time transfer error to a user, and time transfer error
to a surveyed user.
A New Approach to Urban Pedestrian Detection for Automatic Braking (2009)

This paper presents an application of a pedestrian-detection system aimed at localizing potentially dangerous situations under specific urban scenarios. The approach used in this paper differs from those implemented in traditional pedestrian-detection systems, which are designed to localize all pedestrians in the area in front of the vehicle. Conversely, this approach searches for pedestrians in critical areas only. The environment is reconstructed with a standard laser scanner, whereas the following check for the presence of pedestrians is performed due to the fusion with a vision system. The great advantages of such an approach are that pedestrian recognition is performed on limited image areas, therefore boosting its timewise performance, and no assessment on the danger level is finally required before providing the result to either the driver or an onboard computer for automatic maneuvers. A further advantage is the drastic reduction of false alarms, making this system robust enough to control nonreversible safety systems.
Lung metastasis genes couple breast tumor size and metastatic spread (2007)

The association between large tumor size and metastatic risk in a majority of clinical cancers has led to questions as to whether these observations are causally related or whether one is simply a marker for the other. This is partly due to an uncertainty about how metastasis-promoting gene expression changes can arise in primary tumors. We investigated this question through the analysis of a previously defined "lung metastasis gene-expression signature" (LMS) that mediates experimental breast cancer metastasis selectively to the lung and is expressed by primary human breast cancer with a high risk for developing lung metastasis. Experimentally, we demonstrate that the LMS promotes primary tumor growth that enriches for LMS(+) cells, and it allows for intravasation after reaching a critical tumor size. Clinically, this corresponds to LMS(+) tumors being larger at diagnosis compared with LMS(-) tumors and to a marked rise in the incidence of metastasis after LMS(+) tumors reach 2 cm. Patients with LMS-expressing primary tumors selectively fail in the lung compared with the bone or other visceral sites and have a worse overall survival. The mechanistic linkage between metastasis gene expression, accelerated tumor growth, and likelihood of metastatic recurrence provided by the LMS may help to explain observations of prognostic gene signatures in primary cancer and how tumor growth can both lead to metastasis and be a marker for cells destined to metastasize.
Suppression of artifact‐generating echoes in cine DENSE using deep learning (2021)

The DAS-Net method provides an effective alternative approach for suppression of the artifact-generating T<sub>1</sub> -relaxation echo in DENSE MRI, enabling a 42% reduction in scan time compared to DENSE with phase-cycling.
Composition Control in Aluminum Boron Carbide Composites (2008)

The Dow Chemical Company's Aluminum–Boron Carbide Composite (AlBC) is a material which has the density of aluminum combined with significantly improved stiffness, hardness and ability to perform in continuous use at temperatures substantially higher than aluminum. AlBC composite is electrically conductive, has high compressive strength and high heat capacity. AlBC represents a broad family of materials which can be tailored during the manufacturing process to the material requirements of different applications. AlBC composites span the composition range from ceramics to metals in the ratios from 99:1 to 1:99. In the upper range of ceramic content, the properties of AlBC composites are similar to those of ceramics with improved toughness and in the lower range similar to metals but with improved hardness, wear resistance and higher temperature resistance. This paper discusses the design and properties of AlBC materials in the intermediate compositional range between ∼ 65% and 90% ceramic content. The composition at the lower boundary of this range is an alternative to conventional aluminum metal–matrix composite (Al–MMC) for applications that require performance beyond the useful range of typical Al–MMC. The upper boundary composition is an alternative to cast iron in weight–sensitive applications that require temperature stability up to 500–600°C.
ThunderDome (2009)

ThunderDome is a system for collaboratively measuring upload bandwidths in ad-hoc peer-to-peer systems. It works by scheduling bandwidth probes between pairs of hosts, wherein each pairwise exchange reveals the upload constraint of one participant. Using the abstraction of bandwidth tournaments, unresolved hosts are successively paired with each other until every peer knows its upload bandwidth. To recover from measurement errors that corrupt its tournament schedule, ThunderDome aggregates multiple probe results for each host, avoiding pathological bandwidth estimations that would otherwise occur in systems with heterogeneous bandwidth distributions. For scalability, the coordination of probes is distributed across the hosts. Simulations on empirical and analytic bandwidth distributions--validated with wide-area PlanetLab experiments--show that ThunderDome efficiently yields upload bandwidth estimates that are robust to measurement error.
Applications of terahertz (THz) technology to medical imaging (1999)

An imaging system has been developed based on pulses of Terahertz (THz) radiation generated and detected using all- optical effects accessed by irradiating semiconductors with ultrafast pulses of visible laser light. This technique, commonly referred to as T-Ray Imaging or THz Pulse Imaging (TPI), holds enormous promise for certain aspects of medical imaging. We have conducted an initial survey of possible medical applications of TPI and demonstrated that TPI images show good contrast between different animal tissue types. Moreover, the diagnostic power of TPI has been elicidated by the spectra available at each pixel in the image, which are markedly different for the different tissue types. This suggests that the spectral information inherent in TPI might be used to identify the type of soft and hard tissue at each pixel in an image and provide other diagnostic information not afforded by conventional imagin techniques. Preliminary TPI studies of pork skin show that 3D tomographic imaging of the skin surface and thickness is possible, and data from experiments on models of the human dermis are presented which demonstrate that different constituents of skin have different refractive indices. Lastly, we present the first THz image of human tissue, namely an extracted tooth. The time of flight of THz pulses through the tooth allows the thickness of the enamel to be determined, and is used to create an image showing the enamel and dentine regions. Absorption of THz pulses in the tooth allows the pulp cavity region to be identified. Initial evidence strongly suggests that TPI my be used to provide valuable diagnostic information pertaining to the enamel, dentine, and the pump cavity.
Rapid microorganism identification with on‐slide proteolytic digestion followed by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem mass spectrometry and database searching (2002)

A simple method for microorganism identification is proposed in this paper. In this method, no isolation or fractionation of microorganisms and no special search algorithm or database are needed. Experimentally, a sample of the unfractionated intact microorganism is subjected to brief on-slide proteolytic digestion and the digestion product ions detected in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) are selected for tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Database searching using the MS/MS spectrum identifies the microorganism protein, and thereby, according to the source of the protein, the microorganism. The method was demonstrated to be feasible with enterobacteriophage MS2 as the model microorganism. The novel method is simple, rapid, and requires a small quantity of sample.