gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design of multiple Gabor filters for texture segmentation (2002)

This paper presents a method for the design of multiple Gabor filters for segmenting multi-textured images. Although design methods for a single Gabor filter have been presented previously, the development of general multi-filter multi-texture design methods largely remains an open problem. Previous multi-filter design approaches required one filter per texture or were constrained to pairs of textures. Other approaches employed ad hoc banks of Gabor filters for texture segmentation, where the parameters of the constituent filters were restricted to fixed values and were not necessarily tuned for a specific texture-segmentation problem. The proposed method removes these restrictions on the number of filters and the number of textures. This offers the potential to improve the segmentation performance or to reduce the number of filters. Further, the development of the design method and mathematical models provide new insight into the design of multiple Gabor filters for texture segmentation. Results are presented that confirm the efficacy of our filter-design method and support underlying mathematical models.
Network Security and Types of Attacks in Network (2015)

The computer network technology is developing rapidly, and the development of internet technology is more quickly, people more aware of the importance of the network security. Network security is main issue of computing because many types of attacks are increasing day by day. In mobile ad-hoc network the nodes are independent. Protecting computer and network security are critical issues. The malicious nodes create a problem in the network. This malicious nodes acts as selfishness, It can use the resources of other nodes and preserve the resources of its own. After analyzing and quantifying the network information security elements confidentiality, integrity and availability, this paper describes the network security confidentiality vector, network security integrity vector and network security availability vector; also we present some major type of attacks in MANET.
Some approaches to improve bioavailability of peptides and proteins through oral and other mucosal routes. (1997)

In this article, an attempt is made to review methods of protein and peptidal delivery through oral and non-oral mucosal routes. Strategies that have been or are being employed to improve the bioavailability of peptides and proteins include alteration of physiological factors by absorption enhancers and enzyme inhibitors, modification of native proteins by chemical synthesis of prodrugs and analogues and dosage form modifications, e.g. lipid vesicles and emulsions, particulate carriers or mucoadhesive polymer systems.
Visualizing Use Case Sets as BPMN Processes (2008)

The goal of many software projects is the support of business processes. A typical business process spans multiple Use Cases. This poses the difficulty of making the set of encompassing Use Cases consistent with each other and functionality-wise complete with regards to the overall business process. Manual arrangements and reviews of Use Cases are burdensome and time-intensive. Therefore, an automatic approach is needed that restores an overview of the Use Cases and visualizes the control-flow of the resulting business process. Our approach uses pre-conditions, post-conditions, and triggers of Use Cases to automatically assemble business processes in BPMN notation in order to solve this problem.
A mechanistic model for rational design of optimal cellulase mixtures (2011)

A model-based framework is described that permits the optimal composition of cellulase enzyme mixtures to be found for lignocellulose hydrolysis. The rates of hydrolysis are shown to be dependent on the nature of the substrate. For bacterial microcrystalline cellulose (BMCC) hydrolyzed by a ternary cellulase mixture of EG2, CBHI, and CBHII, the optimal predicted mixture was 1:0:1 EG2:CBHI:CBHII at 24 h and 1:1:0 at 72 h, at loadings of 10 mg enzyme per g substrate. The model was validated with measurements of soluble cello-oligosaccharide production from BMCC during both single enzyme and mixed enzyme hydrolysis. Three-dimensional diagrams illustrating cellulose conversion were developed for mixtures of EG2, CBHI, CBHII acting on BMCC and predicted for other substrates with a range of substrate properties. Model predictions agreed well with experimental values of conversion after 24 h for a variety of enzyme mixtures. The predicted mixture performances for substrates with varying properties demonstrated the effects of initial degree of polymerization (DP) and surface area on the performance of cellulase mixtures. For substrates with a higher initial DP, endoglucanase enzymes accounted for a larger fraction of the optimal mixture. Substrates with low surface areas showed significantly reduced hydrolysis rates regardless of mixture composition. These insights, along with the quantitative predictions, demonstrate the utility of this model-based framework for optimizing cellulase mixtures.
A Rayleigh light scattering facility for the investigation of free jets and plumes (1992)

A Rayleigh light scattering facility (RLSF) has been developed and successfully used to examine mixing in free jets and buoyant plumes. The RLSF couples laser diagnostics with a cylindrical clean room, test section diameter of 2.4 m and a height of 2.4 m, to monitor the real-time concentration behavior within turbulent flows. The facility has been carefully designed to minimize interferences of glare and Mie scattering by suppressing background light and removing dust particles. The relatively large working section of the RLSF allows quantitative concentration measurements via Rayleigh light scattering (RLS) in free shear flows entering quiescent surroundings. As a result, RLS measurements are now possible in momentum-driven flows for conditions which were impossible in the past and in buoyancy-driven flows for which no previous RLS investigations have been made. Initial measurements of concentration in momentum-driven jet flows of helium and Freon-13 and a transitional (momentum- to buoyancy-driven) jet of Freon-13 demonstrate the advantages of the new RLSF.
Design of redundant robot painting system for long non-regular duct (2016)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to design a special automatic redundant robot painting system (RRPS), which can automatically navigate and paint in the long non-regular duct. Design/methodology/approach – The RRPS is designed with three subsystems: a redundant robot, a spraying system and a control and safety system. Based on the modular design theory, the robot falls naturally into a mobile platform, a 4-DOF location mechanism and a 10-DOF manipulator. The restriction of the distance between the links and the duct axis is used to plan the trajectory of the manipulator so that it would not collide with the duct. The restriction model is constructed by minimizing the sum of the weighed distances between the duct axis and the special points. Findings – A fully working prototype system has been developed. Test results show that the minimal distance between the robot joints and duct is 18 mm, and it can finish painting long non-regular ducts at the speed of 12.5 cm/s and the spraying distance of 16 cm. The quality of coating layers is good. Practical implications – The RRPS was used to paint non-regular rectangular ducts, cylindrical ducts and long non-regular ducts. The feasibility of painting long non-regular duct is proved with the prototype implementation and successful test results. Originality/value – The RRPS shows a novel solution that is based on the 14-DOF redundant robot design for painting long non-regular ducts which is used in airplane.
Study of LEO to GEO transfers via the L1 Sun-Earth or Earth-Moon libration points (2008)

A geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO) is a type of transfer around the Earth between
a low Earth orbit (LEO) and the geostationary orbit (GEO). After the launch to a LEO orbit, the orbit of spacecraft has the same inclination with respect to the equator, than the latitude of the launch site on the Earth where the spacecraft was launched. In order to transfer to a GEO orbit the inclination must be reduced to zero. During a GTO it may happen that because of many different problems, the spacecraft may not arrive to a GEO orbit and instead, it may remain in an inclined high elliptical orbit. The aim of this project is to compare in terms of _v, different ways of transfers between these elliptical orbits and the geostationary orbit.
This masters thesis presents a brief study of different ways of transfer between an elliptical orbit and the geostationary orbit, using the restricted three body problem (RTBP) as the mathematical model. In this situation, a spacecraft moves under the gravitational forces of two massive bodies, which at the same time describe circular orbits around their common center of mass. The RTBP has 5 equilibrium points which have been studied in deep in the past. The results contained in this project are related with the equilibrium point L1, which is the one that lies between the two massive bodies.
The chemokine receptor switch paradigm and dendritic cell migration: its significance in tumor tissues (2000)

Localization in tissues and migration to lymphoid organs are essential steps in the immunobiology of dendritic cells (DC). Chemokines play an important role in guiding the traffic of DC. Receptor expression and responsiveness to constitutively made chemokines account for the presence of DC in normal tissues. Inflammatory chemokines and non-chemokine attractants promote recruitment and localization of DC at sites of inflammation and infection. During maturation, DC undergo a profound and orderly rearrangement of their chemokine receptor repertoire. The chemokine receptor switch paradigm provides a conceptual framework for the complex migration of DC in vivo, including their recruitment and positioning in tumor tissues.
The technology of MRI — the next 10 years? (2008)

MRI is the most flexible of our diagnostic imaging modalities, possessing the ability to characterize a wide range of parameters in the living subject and provide exquisite spatial resolution. Here we first review the rise of MRI to its current clinical "state-of-the-art" status and then consider the future directions for this technique. The long-term impact on clinical practice of recent innovations in MRI scanner hardware and sequence design are also considered. Key changes in clinical practice that we predict for the coming 10 years include: a widespread shift to higher field imaging (3T); further improvements in MRI coil technology, including further increases in the number of channels; the introduction of ultra-short echo-time imaging; the introduction of combined modality methods (e.g. positron emission tomography (PET)-MRI and single photon emission CT (SPECT)-MRI); and significant advances in molecular MRI agents. Even after 30 years of continuing developments in human MRI, the coming decade will provide further major advances in diagnostic MRI.
Ligand-Free Palladium Catalysis of the Suzuki Reaction in Water Using Microwave Heating (2002)

[reaction: see text] We report the ligand-free palladium catalysis of the Suzuki reaction in water using microwave heating. Our methodology uses low palladium loadings (0.4 mol %), is fast (5-10 min reaction time), and is useful for couplings involving boronic acids and aryl iodides, bromides, and chlorides.
Relationship Between a Systemic Inflammatory Marker, Plaque Inflammation, and Plaque Characteristics Determined by Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (2007)

This study provides the first in vivo data linking the peripheral WBC count, plaque fibrous cap macrophage density, and the characteristics and presence of TCFA. Macrophage density correlated with the WBC count, and both parameters independently and particularly in combination predict the presence of TCFA.
Safety of smoke flavour Primary Product Zesti Smoke Code 10 (2009)

The European Food Safety Authority has been asked to provide scientific opinions on the safety of smoke flavouring Primary Products used or intended for use in or on foods. This Opinion concerns one such Smoke Flavouring Primary Product, named Zesti
Design and Development of Stepper Motor Based XY Scanning Stage (2015)

Precision planar motion (XY) stages are widely used in semiconductor manufacturing systems, precision machine tools, and scanning probe measurement systems. This research presents a design, modeling, manufacturing and system interfacing of Stepper Motor based XY Scanning Stage for precision application. Serially mounted XY stage is initially modeled using modeling software CATIA V5 and further analysis is carried out in ANSYS 14. Once design was within acceptable limit it is further taken for manufacturing and entire XY stage is manufactured. Mounting of Stepper is ensured by providing appropriate tolerances during manufacturing. Designed stage consists of two bipolar Stepper Motor coupled with a lead screw as a feed drive by means of aluminium flexible coupling. These Stepper Motors are further interfaced with PC via Arduino Microcontroller board. To control the movement of XY Scanning Stage, Arduino programming is done with the Arduino Motor Shield board. This XY Scanning Stage finds various precision micro positioning applications such as in 3D printers and precision machine tools.
Solution structure of p53 core domain: Structural basis for its instability (2006)

The 25-kDa core domain of the tumor suppressor p53 is inherently unstable and melts at just above body temperature, which makes it susceptible to oncogenic mutations that inactivate it by lowering its stability. We determined its structure in solution using state-of-the-art isotopic labeling techniques and NMR spectroscopy to complement its crystal structure. The structure was very similar to that in the crystal but far more mobile than expected. Importantly, we were able to analyze by NMR the structural environment of several buried polar groups, which indicated structural reasons for the instability. NMR spectroscopy, with its ability to detect protons, located buried hydroxyl and sulfhydryl groups that form suboptimal hydrogen-bond networks. We mutated one such buried pair, Tyr-236 and Thr-253 to Phe-236 and Ile-253 (as found in the paralogs p63 and p73), and stabilized p53 by 1.6 kcal/mol. We also detected differences in the conformation of a mobile loop that might reflect the existence of physiologically relevant alternative conformations. The effects of temperature on the dynamics of aromatic residues indicated that the protein also experiences several dynamic processes that might be related to the presence of alternative hydrogen-bond patterns in the protein interior. p53 appears to have evolved to be dynamic and unstable.
Printability of alloys for additive manufacturing (2016)

Although additive manufacturing (AM), or three dimensional (3D) printing, provides significant advantages over existing manufacturing techniques, metallic parts produced by AM are susceptible to distortion, lack of fusion defects and compositional changes. Here we show that the printability, or the ability of an alloy to avoid these defects, can be examined by developing and testing appropriate theories. A theoretical scaling analysis is used to test vulnerability of various alloys to thermal distortion. A theoretical kinetic model is used to examine predisposition of different alloys to AM induced compositional changes. A well-tested numerical heat transfer and fluid flow model is used to compare susceptibilities of various alloys to lack of fusion defects. These results are tested and validated with independent experimental data. The findings presented in this paper are aimed at achieving distortion free, compositionally sound and well bonded metallic parts.
Gerundive thinking in Marcia Sá Cavalcante Schuback’s<i>Time in Exile</i> (2021)

Marcia Sá Cavalcante Schuback’s Time in Exile illuminates being in “gerundive time.” The gerundive tense (which is similar to the infinitive tense in English) captures how our being is always already “suspended” between worlds and meanings—how our being is a “non-final verb.” Schuback considers such existence in the work of Martin Heidegger, Maurice Blanchot, and Clarice Lispector. Of the three thinkers, Lispector’s writing best reveals how existence (especially existence in exile) is an “immense struggle for presence.” Schuback’s hope is that we may find a home in our homelessness.
[The study of effects of geomagnetic disturbances at high latitudes on the intrauterine condition of fetus by cardiotocography]. (2003)

The effect of geomagnetic disturbances on the intrauterine condition of the fetus in high latitudes was studied by comparing the index of fetus condition (IFC) with the heliogeophysical indices (planetary Kp index and Dst variation index). The functional state of fetus at late terms of pregnancy was assessed by the method of cardiomonitoring. The data of fetal cardiomonitoring were processed by the method of Prof. Demidov by calculating the integral IFC using a computer program. It was found that the variations in maximum IFC values (approximately 15% of the total number of cases) coincide with seasonal variations in geomagnetic disturbances. The maximum values of IFC were observed at the equinox (March-April-May, October-November), and the minimum values were registered in the period of the solstice. A comparison of IFC values with the indices of geomagnetic disturbances indicated that the IFC value was maximum in the periods of either the greatest weakening of geomagnetic activity or maximum disturbances.
Enhanced Generation of Integration-free iPSCs from Human Adult Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells with an Optimal Combination of Episomal Vectors (2016)

We previously reported the generation of integration-free induced pluripotent stem cells from adult peripheral blood (PB) with an improved episomal vector (EV) system, which uses the spleen focus-forming virus U3 promoter and an extra factor BCL-XL (B). Here we show an ∼100-fold increase in efficiency by optimizing the vector combination. The two most critical factors are: (1) equimolar expression of OCT4 (O) and SOX2 (S), by using a 2A linker; (2) a higher and gradual increase in the MYC (M) to KLF4 (K) ratio during the course of reprogramming, by using two individual vectors to express M and K instead of one. The combination of EV plasmids (OS + M + K + B) is comparable with Sendai virus in reprogramming efficiency but at a fraction of the cost. The generated iPSCs are indistinguishable from those from our previous approach in pluripotency and phenotype. This improvement lays the foundation for broad applications of episomal vectors in PB reprogramming.
A Working Threshold for Acute Nocturnal Melatonin Suppression from “White” Light Sources used in Architectural Applications (2013)

Retinal light exposures can decrease melatonin production at night. Since nocturnal melatonin suppression by light has been implicated as an endocrine disruptor and linked to certain diseases, such as diabetes, obesity and cancer, it is important to be able to estimate a threshold light level needed to reliably suppress melatonin. The present study was designed to develop a working threshold for melatonin suppression from "white" light that might be experienced by people in their living environments. Twenty-eight subjects participated in two studies. In addition to dark, control nights, subjects were exposed to 8, 22, and 60 lux at the cornea (study 1, n=14) and to 60, 200, and 720 lux (study 2, n=14) of a "warm white" light source (correlated color temperature of 2670 K). These corneal illuminance levels translate to modeled melatonin suppression levels of 1%, 2%, 6%, 19%, and 42%. In both studies, participants came to the laboratory for four nights, separated by one week. One blood sample was drawn in dim light at midnight and another blood sample was drawn after 60-minute exposure to each light condition (including dark). Using an orthodox statistical criterion for a Type I error of < 0.05, only the 200 lux and the 720 lux exposures produced significant suppression levels (19% and 37%, respectively). Based upon a criterion modeled suppression level of 5% for a "cool white" light (6500 K), a corneal light exposure of 30 lux for 30 minutes from "white" light sources used in most architectural lighting applications is proposed as a conservative hypothesized working threshold for nocturnal melatonin suppression.
Prediction of the pre-morbid 3D anatomy of the proximal humerus based on statistical shape modelling (2017)

This study reports a novel, computerised method that accurately predicts the pre-morbid proximal humeral anatomy even in challenging situations. This information can be used in the surgical planning and operative reconstruction of patients with severe degenerative osteoarthritis or with a fracture of the proximal humerus. Cite this article: <i>Bone Joint J</i> 2017;99-B:927-33.
FIF-IoT: A Forensic Investigation Framework for IoT Using a Public Digital Ledger (2018)

The increased deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) devices will make them targets for attacks. IoT devices can also be used as tools for committing crimes. In this regard, we propose FIF-IoT - a forensic investigation framework using a public digital ledger to find facts in criminal incidents in IoT-based systems. FIF-IoT collects interactions that take place among various IoT entities (clouds, users, and IoT devices) as evidence and store them securely as transactions in a public, distributed and decentralized blockchain network which is similar to the Bitcoin network. Hence, FIF-IoT eliminates a single entity's control over the evidence storage, avoids single-point-offailure on the storage media, and ensures high availability of evidence. FIF-IoT presents a framework that ensures integrity, confidentiality, anonymity, and non-repudiation of the evidence stored in the public digital ledger. Furthermore, FIF-IoT provides a mechanism to acquire evidence from the ledger and to verify the integrity of the obtained evidence. We present a case study of a forensic investigation to demonstrate that FIF-IoT is secure against evidence tampering. We also implement a prototype to evaluate the performance of FIF-IoT.
MISSING DATA TREATMENT AND DATA FUSION TOWARD TRAVEL TIME ESTIMATION FOR ATIS (2005)

This study develops a travel time estimation process by integrating a missing data treatment and data-fusion-based approaches. In missing data treatment, this study develops a grey time-series model and a grey-theory-based pseudo-nearest-neighbor method to recover, respectively, temporal and spatial missing values in traffic detector data sets. Both spatial and temporal patterns of traffic data are also considered in travel time data fusion. In travel time data fusion, this study presents a speed-based link travel time extrapolation model for analytical travel time estimation and further develops a recurrent neural network (RNN) integrated with grey models for real-time travel time estimation. In the case study, field data from the national freeway no. 1 in Taiwan is used as a case study for testing the proposed models. Study results showed that the grey-theory-based missing data treatment models were accurate for recovering missing values. The grey-based RNN models were capable of accurately predicting travel times. Consequently, the results of this study indicated that the proposed missing data treatment and data fusion approaches can ensure the accuracy of travel time estimation with incomplete data sets, and are therefore suited to implementation for ATIS.