gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
(S)-3-Amino-4-(difluoromethylenyl)cyclopent-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid, and Related Compounds as GABA Aminotransferase Inactivators for the Treatment of Epilepsy, Addiction and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2020)

Cyclopentene carboxylic acid-related compounds as GAB A- AT inhibitors for treatment of various addictions, disorders and disease states.
Transparent Active Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode Displays Driven by Nanowire Transistor Circuitry (2007)

Optically transparent, mechanically flexible displays are attractive for next-generation visual technologies and portable electronics. In principle, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) satisfy key requirements for this application—transparency, lightweight, flexibility, and low-temperature fabrication. However, to realize transparent, flexible active-matrix OLED (AMOLED) displays requires suitable thin-film transistor (TFT) drive electronics. Nanowire transistors (NWTs) are ideal candidates for this role due to their outstanding electrical characteristics, potential for compact size, fast switching, low-temperature fabrication, and transparency. Here we report the first demonstration of AMOLED displays driven exclusively by NW electronics and show that such displays can be optically transparent. The displays use pixel dimensions suitable for hand-held applications, exhibit 300 cd/m2 brightness, and are fabricated at temperatures suitable for integration on plastic substrates.
A new integrated charge pump architecture using dynamic biasing of pass transistors (2005)

In this paper, a new charge pump architecture is presented: it is based on PMOS pass transistors with dynamic biasing of gates and bodies. By controlling the gate and body voltages of each pass transistor, the voltage loss due to the device threshold is removed and the charge is pumped from one stage to the other with negligible voltage drop. Furthermore, the overdrive voltage of the pass transistors grows progressively from the first to the last boost stage. This new architecture was developed and validated through simulations and experimental measurements on AMS 0.8/spl mu/m standard CMOS technology.
Design and Performance of Aluminum Nitride Piezoelectric Microphones (2007)

Micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) microphones (mics), utilizing capacitive transduction technology, have entered the cellular handset marketplace and are experiencing rapid growth. MEMS mics offer size and assembly advantages and are expected to capture a significant market share by 2008. Given the market potential, MEMS mic technology is an active area of research and development. This paper presents the performance of a series of different piezoelectric mic designs. Piezoelectric mics may offer advantages such as moisture tolerance, higher maximum sound pressure level, and dynamic range. Piezoelectric mics have been studied previously, and include both lead zirconium titanate (PZT) and zinc oxide (ZnO) based devices; whereas, this paper examines performance of different mic designs using an aluminum nitride piezoelectric. Finite-element simulation and measured results are shown.
A rapid method for determining the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in a sample of anticoagulated whole blood (2002)

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is an easy-to-perform clinical diagnostic tool widely used to monitor an array of inflammatory diseases. The standard method for measuring ESR is that of Westergren and has been used since 1924. However, this method uses a large amount of blood and takes over one hour to complete. A new, innovative technique for measuring ESR is performed using STAR/sup TM/ (Stand Alone Reader, Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ) and takes just a few minutes to complete. The technique for measuring the ESR using this device and ongoing studies that are being conducted using STAR are described.
Collimating neutrons (1985)

Your annotation on page 111 of the March 1985 issue of Physics Bulletin gives the impression that a variable aperture neutron collimator for medical use is a new development. In fact they have existed for several years.
Inheritance of Elevated Palmitate in Soybean Seed Oil (2000)

Elevated palmitate in soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed oil may be useful for some food and industrial products. Four mutant alleles, fap2 , fap2‐b , fap4 , and fap5 , each elevate palmitate to ≈170 g kg −1 compared with ≈110 g kg −1 for common soybean cultivars. A new mutant line, A25, with a palmitate content of ≈170 g kg −1 was developed by treatment of seeds of ‘Kenwood’ with ethyl methanesulfonate. The objective of our study was to determine the genetic control of elevated palmitate in A25. A25 was crossed reciprocally to lines possessing fap1 , fap2 , fap2‐b , fap3 , fap4 , or fap5 The analysis of reciprocal F 1 and parent seeds from the crosses indicated no maternal effect or dominance for palmitate content. The phenotypic analysis of F 2 seeds and the genotypic analysis of F 2 plants indicated that elevated palmitate in A25 was controlled by an allele, designated fap6 , at a single locus that was independent of fap1 , fap2 , fap3 , fap4 , and fap5 The combination of fap2‐b , fap4 , and fap6 resulted in a genotype with seeds that contained up to 398 g kg −1 palmitate.
Colonization of gastrointestinal tracts of chicks by Campylobacter jejuni (1988)

Bacterial enumeration and histologic examination of organs and tissues of 8-day-old chicks 7 days after peroral inoculation with Campylobacter jejuni revealed that the organism colonized primarily the lower gastrointestinal tract. The principal sites of localization were the ceca, large intestine, and cloaca, where densely packed cells of C. jejuni were observed in mucus within crypts. Examination of C. jejuni-colonized crypts by transmission electron microscopy revealed that the campylobacters freely pervaded the lumina of crypts without attachment to crypt microvilli. Understanding the mechanism of colonization may lead to approaches that will reduce the incidence of C. jejuni carriage by poultry.
Parameters Effecting the Interaction among Closely Spaced Hydraulic Fractures (2011)

Abstract Placing multiple hydraulic fractures at intervals along horizontal wells has proven to be a highly effective method for stimulation. However, the mechanical interaction between a growing hydraulic fracture and one or more previous hydraulic fractures can affect the fracture geometry such that the final fracture array is suboptimal for stimulation. If the fracture array geometry is idealized as a set of regular and planar fractures, history matching and production forecasting may be inaccurate. During the treatments, the fractures can curve towards or away from one another, potentially intersecting one another. A detailed parametric study of this phenomenon using a coupled 2D numerical fracturing simulator shows that the curving is associated with a combination of opening and sliding along the previously placed hydraulic fracture, as well as the previous fracture’s disturbance of the local stress field because of its propped width. Dimensional analysis and scaling techniques are used to identify the key parameters that are associated with suppression of each mechanism that can lead to hydraulic fracture curving. The analysis, which is in agreement with available data, results in a clarification of the conditions under which attractive and repulsive curving are expected, as well as the conditions under which curving is expected to be negligible or even completely suppressed. This last case of planar hydraulic fracture growth is of practical importance and will usually be considered desirable. We present a straightforward method for determining whether planar fracture growth is expected that additionally gives insight into how design parameters can be modified to promote planar hydraulic fracture growth.
Characteristics of Trapped Field Magnet Activation by Flux Pumping (2010)

Currents are set up in high temperature superconducting (HTS) material when it is cooled in a magnetic field (called field-cooling: FC), or exposed to a magnetic field after cooling (called zero-field-cooling: ZFC). The HTS material can be treated to make these currents persistent, thereby forming “trapped field magnets” (TFMs). TFMs have been improved over the past two decades by the efforts of a large number of worldwide research groups. However, applications using TFMs have lagged, in part due to the problem of high fields needed for activation. We describe herein experiments to characterize the behavior of TFM activation using repeated applications of permanent ferromagnets (called “pumping”). Significant partial activation is obtained using a non-uniform pumping field which is higher in the center of the HTS than at the periphery. ZFC, followed by pumping with such a field, results in trapping the full applied field, instead of half the applied field, as is trapped by zero-field-cooling followed by application of a uniform field. We also find that for FC partial activation, and subsequent additional activation by pumping, the resulting fields are additive. Additionally, we conclude that one contributing, positive component of activation by fluxoid pumping is the phenomenon of creep.
Magnetocardiographically‐Guided Catheter Ablation (1995)

After more than 30 years since the first magnetocardiographic (MCG) recording was carried out with induction coils, MCG is now approaching the threshold of clinical use. During the last 5 years, in fact, there has been a growing interest of clinicians in this new method which provides an unrivalled accuracy for noninvasive, three-dimensional localization of intracardiac source. An increasing number of laboratories are reporting data validating the use of MCG as an effective method for preoperative localization of arrhythmogenic substrates and for planning the best catheter ablation approach for different arrhythmogenic substrates. In this article, available data from literature have been reviewed. We consider the clinical use of MCG to localize arrhythmogenic substrates in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and in patients with ventricular tachycardia in order to assess the state-of-the-art of the method on a large number of patients. This article also addresses some suggestions for industrial development of more compact, medically oriented MCG equipments at reasonable cost.
Dual Offset Reflector Antenna Systems with Rotationally Symmetric Aperture Distributions. (1984)

A detailed derivation is given of the basic design equation for a dual offset reflector antenna consisting of a paraboloid main reflector and a confocal/hyperboloid or ellipsoid subreflector. The basic design equation is a relation between the subreflector eccentricity; the relative orientations of the axes of the main reflector, subreflector, and feed; and the paraboloid focal length. If satisfied, the basic design equation guarantees that that (to within the geometric optics approximation) a circularly symmetric and linearly polarized feed pattern will give rise to a circularly symmetric and linearly polarized main aperture distribution and far field pattern. The relation between the amplitude distribution of the feed pattern and main aperture is also derived.
New Ion Trap for Frequency Standard Applications (1989)

We have designed a novel linear ion trap which permits storage of a large number of ions with reduced susceptibility to the second‐order Doppler effect caused by the rf confining fields. This new trap should store about 20 times the number of ions as a conventional rf trap with no corresponding increase in second‐order Doppler shift from the confining field. In addition the sensitivity of this shift to trapping parameters, i.e., rf voltage, rf frequency, and trap size, is greatly reduced.
Stimulation of Nerve Growth Factor Production by Pyrroloquinoline Quinone and Its Derivatives<i>in Vitro</i>and<i>in Vivo</i> (1993)

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), which is a cofactor of microbial quinoprotein enzymes, was found to be a potent enhancer of nerve growth factor (NGF) production in vitro. One of PQQ derivatives, oxazopyrroloquinoline trimethylester, had little activity in vitro, but increased the NGF content in rat brain in vivo.
A Mass-Production Process of a Highly Pure Medical Use 99mTc from Natural Isotopic Mo(n, γ) 99Mo without Using Uranium (2014)

A new method to produce highly pure 99mTc of maximum 500Ci(1.85e＋13Bq) per batch from a low specific activity 99Mo made from natural-Mo(n, γ) method is presented in this study.Authors developed a novel procedure to provide 99mTc of high specific activity and purity from 99Mo with a low specific activity obtained by the(n, γ) method. This process named TcMM(technetium master milker) with a new principle found out by the authors involves the selective adsorption of 99mTc onto an activated charcoal column, followed by an elution of 99mTc by warm alkaline solution, and final purification through an alumina column, which would be applicable to routine production of a large amounts of 99mTc from natMo(with 99Mo) within a short processing time and with a low cost.By the experiment using a high radioactivity of 99Mo of 1e＋12Bq levels, a highly pure 99mTc free from natMo(with 99Mo) was obtained in a sterile saline solution within 30 - 50min. as the chemical form of 99mTcO4−, and the average 99mTc milking rate repeated 10 times got 93.5% and the radiochemical purity of the range of 6N - 7N.In the labeling experiments using several radiopharmaceutical kits,99mTc collected from the TcMM process gave the target medicines in a highly radiochemical purity.As the result of investigating the disposition behaviors of the above-mentioned 99mTc-pharmaceuticals using small animals(mouse), 99mTc collected from TcMM gave the same result as it eluted from the conventional 99mTc generator.The findings in this study suggest that the present method using natural isotopic 98Mo(n, γ)99Mo reaction would constitute as an alternative to the Fission Method using HEU to provide 99mTc useful for clinical studies.
Safe to the last instruction (2011)

research-article Safe to the last instruction: automated verification of a type-safe operating system Authors: Jean Yang Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MAView Profile , Chris Hawblitzel Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA Microsoft Research, Redmond, WAView Profile Authors Info & Claims Communications of the ACMVolume 54Issue 12December 2011 pp 123–131https://doi.org/10.1145/2043174.2043197Published:01 December 2011Publication History 11citation17,467DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations11Total Downloads17,467Last 12 Months3,823Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Adsorption of selected environmentally important metals by poultry manure‐based granular activated carbons (2005)

Abstract Water quality and public health impacts of mass produced poultry manure have prompted the need for viable conversion and reuse solutions. Conversion of poultry manure to value‐added granular activated carbons for environmental remediation can be such a solution. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of poultry manure‐based carbons for the adsorption of selected metal ions (copper, cadmium, nickel, zinc) from solutions containing individual ions or the four metal ions present together. Adsorption properties for poultry manure‐based carbons were compared with those of two commercial carbons, PŪR RF and Minotaur, and carbons from three traditional precursors, coal, coconut and wood. Pelletized samples were pyrolyzed at 700 °C for 1 h followed by 800 °C steam activation at 1, 3 and 5 mL min −1 water flow rate, for 30 and 45 min, under nitrogen. The carbon's ability to adsorb the metals was influenced by the activation strategy, increasing for longer activation times and higher water flow rates, in the presence of a single metal solution. Saturation conditions were achieved at 20 m M and, at 5 m M , almost all metal ion in solution was adsorbed, except for nickel. Carbons showed similar affinity towards copper, cadmium and zinc, individually. However, when in competition, at 5 m M of each metal, manure‐based carbons showed a preference for Cu 2+ followed by Zn 2+ and Cd 2+ . Poultry manure‐based carbons outperformed all reference carbons and PŪR RF, and, except for Ni 2+ , Minotaur was also outperformed. Experiments showed that the highest removal rate in a competition situation was obtained for broiler‐cake carbon activated for 45 min at 3 mL min −1 , with 93.1%, 50.9% and 85.2% for copper, cadmium and zinc ions, respectively. Published in 2005 for SCI by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW CATALYTIC SYNTHESIS OF THIOPHENES (1978)

Abstract Umsetzung der ogß‐ungesättigten Carbonylverbindungen (I) mit H 2 S in Gegenwart von K 2 O‐AI2O3 als Katalysator ergibt die substituierten Thiophene (II) mit einer Selektivität von 54‐77% und einer Umwandlungsquote von 33‐55%.
Optimization of Pharmacokinetics through Manipulation of Physicochemical Properties in a Series of HCV Inhibitors (2011)

A novel series of HCV replication inhibitors based on a pyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidine core were optimized for pharmacokinetics (PK) in rats. Several associations between physicochemical properties and PK were identified and exploited to guide the design of compounds. In addition, a simple new metric that may aid in the prediction of bioavailability for compounds with higher polar surface area is described (3*HBD-cLogP).
Soil Liquefaction Prevention by Electro-Osmosis and an In Situ Method to Quantify a Soil's Tendency to Liquefy (2006)

Soil liquefaction is one of the primary geotechnical failures that occur as a result of a seismic event. Electro-osmosis technology involves placing electrodes beneath an existing structure to prevent soil liquefaction in certain soils by reducing the pore pressure rise during the earthquake event. Determining the applicability of electro-osmosis to prevent soil liquefaction requires an in situ tool to quantify both soil liquefaction potential and electro-osmosis applicability to that soil. The in situ characterization tool is pushed or self-bored into the subsurface with an expanding/contracting bladder set that imposes a cyclic shear stress reversal under zero volume change on a body of soil in situ similar to what occurs during a seismic event. Pressure transducers within the device monitor the resulting pore pressure during the cyclic shear stress reversals. The tool also contains electrodes that can be electrically energized during the imparted stress reversals to quantify in situ the potential of electro-osmosis in preventing soil liquefaction.
A whole-body NMR imaging machine (1980)

A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) machine capable of producing tomographic sections of the whole human body in vivo has been constructed. This system is based on a four coil, air-core electromagnet producing a field of 0.04 T which corresponds to a proton NMR frequency of 1.7 MHz. The images are produced line by line using a selective excitation technique. Magnetic field gradients up to about 5 mT/m are employed. Electronic subsystems are described here including a radiofrequency (RF) amplitude feedback circuit, an RF power amplifier, a transmit/receive switch, a receiver pre-amplifier and gradient coil drivers. For a single scan through a 103 mm3 sample of human muscle tissue in vivo, the measured proton density uncertainty is 24% and the spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) uncertainty is 74%. Phantom images using CuSO4 solution and in vivo sections through human chest, thighs and head are presented. T1 measurements of human muscle, liver and brain tissue in vivo give results which agree well with T1 values for corresponding rabbit tissues measured in vitro.
The FactChecker: Verifying Text Summaries of Relational Data Sets. (2018)

We present a novel natural language query interface, the FactChecker, aimed at text summaries of relational data sets. The tool focuses on natural language claims that translate into an SQL query and a claimed query result. Similar in spirit to a spell checker, the FactChecker marks up text passages that seem to be inconsistent with the actual data. At the heart of the system is a probabilistic model that reasons about the input document in a holistic fashion. Based on claim keywords and the document structure, it maps each text claim to a probability distribution over associated query translations. By efficiently executing tens to hundreds of thousands of candidate translations for a typical input document, the system maps text claims to correctness probabilities. This process becomes practical via a specialized processing backend, avoiding redundant work via query merging and result caching. Verification is an interactive process in which users are shown tentative results, enabling them to take corrective actions if necessary. 
Our system was tested on a set of 53 public articles containing 392 claims. Our test cases include articles from major newspapers, summaries of survey results, and Wikipedia articles. Our tool revealed erroneous claims in roughly a third of test cases. A detailed user study shows that users using our tool are in average six times faster at checking text summaries, compared to generic SQL interfaces. In fully automated verification, our tool achieves significantly higher recall and precision than baselines from the areas of natural language query interfaces and fact checking.
Anti-salivary gland protein 1 antibodies in two patients with Sjogren’s syndrome: two case reports (2014)

Patients presenting with classic clinical symptoms of dry mouth and eyes do not always show the current serologic markers of Sjogren's syndrome, anti-Ro and anti-La. In these cases, investigation for antibodies to salivary gland protein 1 is of importance to make the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome. Early diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome is necessary for improved management as well as for vigilance regarding potential complications, such as salivary gland tumors as were seen in the described cases.
Differential dataflow (2013)

Existing computational models for processing continuously changing input data are unable to efficiently support iterative queries except in limited special cases. This makes it difficult to perform complex tasks, such as social-graph analysis on changing data at interactive timescales, which would greatly benefit those analyzing the behavior of services like Twitter. In this paper we introduce a new model called differential computation, which extends traditional incremental computation to allow arbitrarily nested iteration, and explain—with reference to a publicly available prototype system called Naiad—how differential computation can be efficiently implemented in the context of a declarative dataparallel dataflow language. The resulting system makes it easy to program previously intractable algorithms such as incrementally updated strongly connected components, and integrate them with data transformation operations to obtain practically relevant insights from real data streams. 1.
<title>Passive-adaptive vibration absorbers using shape memory alloys</title> (1999)

The passive-adaptive approach to vibration control shows promise in its ability to combine the robust stability and low-complexity of passive tuned absorbers with the adaptability of active control schemes. Previous tunable vibration absorbers have been complex and bulky. Shape memory alloys (SMA) with their variable material properties, offer an alternative adaptive mechanism. Heating an SMA causes a change in the elastic modulus of the material by a factor as high as three. Incorporating SMA in parallel with traditional spring materials creates an absorber with a variable spring stiffness and a corresponding variable tuning frequency. Using on-off actuation of the SMA, discrete frequencies of tuning are obtained through the use of multiple SMA elements.