gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Performance Comparison of Data-Aided Interference Suppression Methods in Fractional Fourier Transform Domains (2018)

Interference is a big problem with the proliferation of communications systems worldwide. Conventional interference suppression is based on time domain methods that give the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) between a true signal and its estimate, or frequency domain techniques using fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs). When the signal-of-interest (SOI) overlaps the interferer, separation is difficult. The Fractional Fourier Transform (FrFT) overcomes these limitations by using the entire time-frequency plane and finding the best rotational parameter `a' in which the SOI and interferer are most separable. We choose `a' using a short training sequence, and then filter out the interference along the new time axis `t <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</sub> '. In this paper, we describe and compare both conventional time and frequency domain algorithms and new algorithms based upon the FrFT. We show that the repeated reduced rank FrFT algorithm outperforms all of the other methods by at least one or two orders of magnitude reduction in mean-square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER), typically with just L ≤ 3 repetitions. Reduced rank filtering also overcomes limitations of MMSE techniques, which require many samples in non-stationary environments and are computationally expensive.
<title>Irregular triangular mesh representation based on adaptive control point removal</title> (1996)

Several new approaches are being investigated in conjunction with the low bit rate coding, such as MPEG-4, to overcome the limitation imposed by block-based image compression. One solution is to use 'warping' prediction (or spatial transformation) based on a set of control points where one of the most important issues is how to adequately place the control points not destroying salient features such as edges and corners. In this paper, we propose a new image representation scheme based on irregular triangular mesh structure in which, considering the salient features, a considerably reduced number of control points are adaptively selected out of initial uniformly distributed control points. A new criterion based on local representation error is defined to be used in successive control point removal exploiting global image features, thus providing better image representation. Computer simulation has shown that the proposed scheme gives significantly improved image representation performance compared with the conventional scheme based on regular meshes in both objective and subjective qualities.
Electrical Safety, Electrical Hazards, and the 2018 NFPA 70E: Time to Update Annex K? (2015)

Sharing the same goals and overlapping membership, IEEE and NFPA are committed to improving electrical safety in the workplace. Knowledge about electrical hazards, particularly arc flash hazards, has expanded greatly since the first 2002 edition of the IEEE Standard 1584, IEEE Guide for Performing Arc-Flash Hazard Calculations. In the NFPA 70E Standard, 2004 edition, the 1584 arc-flash hazard calculations were included in the recommended methods for quantifying the potential incident energy exposure. In 2004, IEEE and NFPA initiated the IEEE/NFPA Arc Flash Collaboration Project to conduct research and testing which would lead to a greater scientific understanding of the arc flash hazard. Presently, IEEE Standard 1584 is in the process of major revision. Subsequent editions of NFPA 70E - the 2009, 2012 and 2015 - have greatly expanded the coverage of the arc flash hazard. However, NFPA 70E Annex K, which addresses the general categories of electrical hazards, has changed little since the 2004 edition, except for the addition of a short paragraph on arc blast hazards in 2009. This paper suggests content for expanding the 2018 NFPA 70E Annex K.
Physicochemical Properties of Non-Aqueous Solvents and Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications (2009)

Physicochemical properties of many carbonate and ester solvents and their solutions of lithium and quaternary ammonium salts are systematically and consistently reviewed and summarized, based on the molecular structures and properties of these solvents and salts and their interactions to form mixed solvents and electrolytes and on an array of experimental results accumulated through the years in combination with some pertinent literature values.
Light-emitting polymers and their LED devices (1997)

Highly luminous polymers have successfully been prepared by copolymerization of various arylene vinylene units. The random copolymerization of the monomers having different energy gaps or conjugation degrees can generate the irregularity in poly(arylene vinylenes) and enhance the fluorescence of the polymer. Among the copolymers synthesized, the m/p-phenylene vinylene copolymer showed fairly strong fluorescence and gave the most efficient polymer light-emitting diode (P-LED) device because of the good balance of the exciton confinement and the charge transporting property. The optimized P-LED device showed a maximum luminance of 70000 cd/m/sup 2/.
Low-Complexity Compression of Short Messages (2006)

We describe a low-complexity scheme for lossless compression of short text messages. The method uses arithmetic coding and a specific statistical context model for prediction of single symbols. Our particular contribution is a simple yet effective approach for storing highly complex statistics in a succinct yet effective data model that can easily be trained by text data. The proposed model already gives good compression rates with a RAM memory size of 128 kByte, thus making lossless data compression with statistical context modeling readily applicable to small devices like wireless sensors or mobile phones
Metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum S9114 based on whole-genome sequencing for efficient N-acetylglucosamine synthesis (2019)

Glucosamine (GlcN) and its acetylated derivative <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) are widely used in the pharmaceutical industries. Here, we attempted to achieve efficient production of GlcNAc via genomic engineering of <i>Corynebacterium glutamicum</i>. Specifically, we ligated the <i>GNA1</i> gene, which converts GlcN-6-phosphate to GlcNAc-6-phosphate by transferring the acetyl group in Acetyl-CoA to the amino group of GlcN-6-phosphate, into the plasmid pJYW4 and then transformed this recombinant vector into the <i>C. glutamicum</i> ATCC 13032, ATCC 13869, ATCC 14067, and S9114 strains, and we assessed the GlcNAc titers at 0.5 g/L, 1.2 g/L, 0.8 g/L, and 3.1 g/L from each strain, respectively. This suggested that there were likely to be significant differences among the key genes in the glutamate and GlcNAc synthesis pathways of these <i>C. glutamicum</i> strains. Therefore, we performed whole genome sequencing of the S9114 strain, which has not been previously published, and found that there are many differences among the genes in the glutamate and GlcNAc synthesis pathways among the four strains tested. Next, <i>nagA</i> (encoding GlcNAc-6-phosphate deacetylase) and <i>gamA</i> (encoding GlcN-6-phosphate deaminase) were deleted in <i>C. glutamicum</i> S9114 to block the catabolism of intracellular GlcNAc, leading to a 54.8% increase in GlcNAc production (from 3.1 to 4.8 g/L) when grown in a shaker flask. In addition, lactate synthesis was blocked by knockout of <i>ldh</i> (encoding lactate dehydrogenase); thus, further increasing the GlcNAc titer to 5.4 g/L. Finally, we added a key gene of the GlcN synthetic pathway, <i>glmS</i>, from different sources into the expression vector pJYW-4-ceN, and the resulting recombinant strain CGGN2-<i>GNA1</i>-<i>CgglmS</i> produced the GlcNAc titer of 6.9 g/L. This is the first report concerning the metabolic engineering of <i>C. glutamicum</i>, and the results of this study provide a good starting point for further metabolic engineering to achieve industrial-scale production of GlcNAc<i>.</i>
Towards accurate and robust cross-ratio based gaze trackers through learning from simulation (2014)

Cross-ratio (CR) based methods offer many attractive properties for remote gaze estimation using a single camera in an uncalibrated setup by exploiting invariance of a plane projectivity. Unfortunately, due to several simplification assumptions, the performance of CR-based eye gaze trackers decays significantly as the subject moves away from the calibration position. In this paper, we introduce an adaptive homography mapping for achieving gaze prediction with higher accuracy at the calibration position and more robustness under head movements. This is achieved with a learning-based method for compensating both spatially-varying gaze errors and head pose dependent errors simultaneously in a unified framework. The model of adaptive homography is trained offline using simulated data, saving a tremendous amount of time in data collection. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach using both simulated and real data from a physical setup. We show that our method compares favorably against other state-of-the-art CR based methods.
Adaptive connection admission control for differentiated services access networks (2005)

In our earlier work, we have proposed some modifications for the bandwidth broker framework. With our modifications, it is possible to use measurement-based admission control in addition to the more traditional parameter-based admission control. Moreover, we have presented a new flexible admission control scheme that has proven to be very efficient in terms of bottleneck link utilization. Two problems, however, have arisen: the use of scheduling weights in admission control and bursty connection arrivals. In this paper, we present that the former one can be dealt with the use of adaptive scheduling weights, while the latter one can be fought with adaptive reservation limits. The proposed new algorithms are validated through simulations and their performance is compared against the nonadaptive basic scheme.
Semisynthetic glycoconjugate vaccine candidate against <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> serotype 5 (2017)

Glycoconjugate vaccines based on isolated capsular polysaccharide (CPS) save millions of lives annually by preventing invasive pneumococcal disease caused by <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> Some components of the <i>S. pneumoniae</i> glycoconjugate vaccine Prevnar13 that contains CPS antigens from 13 serotypes undergo modifications or degradation during isolation and conjugation, resulting in production problems and lower efficacy. We illustrate how stable, synthetic oligosaccharide analogs of labile CPS induce a specific protective immune response against native CPS using <i>S. pneumoniae</i> serotype 5 (ST-5), a problematic CPS component of Prevnar13. The rare aminosugar l-PneuNAc and a branched l-FucNAc present in the natural repeating unit (RU) are essential for antibody recognition and avidity. The epitope responsible for specificity differs from the part of the antigen that is stabilized by chemical modification. Glycoconjugates containing stable, monovalent synthetic oligosaccharide analogs of ST-5 CPS RU induced long-term memory and protective immune responses in rabbits superior to those elicited by the ST-5 CPS component in multivalent Prevnar13.
The higher efficiency fast neutrons detectors based on the oxide scintillators (2008)

Results are presented of studies on detection efficiency of fast neutrons by oxide scintillators CWO, BGO, GSO, ZnWO, LiI(Eu). It is shown that the most probable mechanism of high efficiency detection of fast neutrons is reaction of inelastic scattering on heavy nuclei of the scintillator material (n, n’γ). High efficiency of fast neutron detection has allowed creation of high efficiency small-sized detectors of gamma-neutron radiation on the basis of “scintillator-PMT” system for stationary and pedestrian inspection systems, as well as high efficiency small-sized neutron detector for portable systems
Next generation PCR microfluidic system (2010)

Stokes Bio, founded in 2005, develops innovative microfluidic technologies. In 2008 in collaboration with Monsanto, an application driven development for a high-throughput instrument in the detection and characterisation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in agricultural crops was initiated.\n\nStokes technology is designed to generate aqueous nanolitre scale droplets of reagents and\nsamples, wrapped in a carrier fluid from standard microtitre plates and to mix them using Stokes\nBio’s proprietary liquid bridge mixers. Following mixing the complete assay is transferred in the\ncarrier fluid through the use of a continuous flow system, to a flow through thermal cycler and an\noptical reading station.\n\nThis poster summarises results collated using the Stokes Bio genotyping platform currently based in Monsanto. Data will be presented to illustrate the dynamic capabilities of the instrument, highlighting the enhanced sensitivity and reproducibility of PCR in droplet format compared to well-based technologies.
Digital phantoms for the evaluation of a software used for an automatic analysis of the Winston-Lutz test in image guided radiation therapy (2008)

Accurate isocentre positioning of the treatment machine is essential for the radiation therapy process, especially in stereotactic radio surgery and in image guided radiation therapy. We present in this paper a new method to evaluate a software which is used to perform an automatic analysis of the Winston-Lutz test used in order to determine position and size of the isocentre. The method consists of developing digital phantoms that simulate mechanical distortions of the treatment machine as well as misalignments of the positioning laser targeting the isocentre. These Digital Test Objects (DTOs) offer a detailed and profound evaluation of the software and allow determining necessary adjustments which lead to high precision and therefore contributes to a better treatment targeting.
Evaluation of Electrostatic Interactions (2003)

Described here are several computational procedures for the analysis of electrostatic interactions in molecular complexes, all based on a continuum model of solvation. The first section describes how to compute the residual potential, a measure of how electrostatically complementary a ligand is for its receptor. The second procedure describes electrostatic component analysis, a method by which the electrostatic contribution to the binding free energy can be broken up into terms directly attributable to individual chemical groups. Finally, electrostatic affinity optimization is described. This procedure is particularly useful in determining what portions of a ligand are the most suboptimal, and thus provide the greatest opportunity for the design of improvements.
Gold nanocages with built-in artificial antibodies for label-free plasmonic biosensing (2013)

We demonstrate that gold nanocages (AuNCs) with built-in artificial antibodies enable the detection of kidney injury biomarker from synthetic urine down to a concentration of 25 ng ml<sup>-1</sup>. Molecularly imprinted AuNCs exhibit excellent selectivity against numerous interfering urinary proteins and remarkable stability over a wide range of pH and specific gravity.
I/P frame selection using classification based mode decision (2002)

There are many mode decisions in the video coding process that are used to optimize the performance in terms of the bit rate, the speed and the quality of the decoded video. We describe a classification based scheme for making mode decisions in the video coding process. We then illustrate the performance of the scheme using I/P frame selection as an example. The performance of our scheme is measured in terms of both the bit rate and the computation complexity, across different kinds of sequences, and the results are very encouraging.
Multistable nematic liquid crystal device using nanoscopically patterned surface alighment (2004)

The results of recent efforts along the directed bottom-up approach as applied to artificial two-dimensional nanostructuring of liquid crystals are presented. The study focuses on the use of the stylus of the atomic force microscope to nanoscopically treat the surface anchoring in such as way as to implement an orientationally patterned surface. The bistable orientation offers practical use in any low-power consumption electrooptic applications of liquid crystals. Apart from flat panel displays, the bistable structure is also valuable in telecommunication device applications of liquid crystals where a great demand exists for dynamically reconfigurable networking switches.
Improving aluminum resistance spot welding in automotive structures (2013)

The majority of automotive body shop welding consists of resistance spot welding (RSW) steel sheet due to its inherently low cost and high speed. With the introduction of aluminum, it is desirable ...
A novel, fully-automated, chemiluminescent assay for the detection of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in biological samples (2015)

The novel 1,25-(OH)<sub>2</sub>D method exhibited excellent correlation with well validated LC-MS/MS assays from two laboratories. Significantly, its 65min turn-around time is quicker, and sample volume smaller (75μl) than current methods.
Integrated Photonics using Transparent Conductive Oxides (2023)

This paper reviews recent research progress of photonic integrated circuits using transparent conductive oxides. Especially, the heterogeneous integration of transparent conductive oxides with silicon photonics shows great potential for energy-efficient optical interconnects.
Chemical-pressure tailoring of low-field, room-temperature magnetoresistance in (Ca, Sr, Ba)Fe0.5Mo0.5O3 (2001)

Low-field intergrain magnetoresistance (IMR) in the polycrystalline materials of double perovskite SrFe0.5Mo0.5O3 is found to be highly tunable by doping either Ca or Ba into the Sr site. The dopant exerts a chemical pressure, changing the Curie temperature and the magnetic softness. The room-temperature IMR at optimal doping (Sr0.2Ba0.8Fe0.5Mo0.5O3) is approximately 3.5% in 100 Oe, and increases further in high fields. The unprecedented magnitude of the IMR in this highly spin polarized system provides future grounds for employing magnetic materials for innovative magnetic technology.
Novel Si nanocrystal formation technique as applied to fabrication of Si nanostructure (2003)

The fabrication of nanometer sized structure (nanostructure) has been attractive in the field of material science because the appearance of novel physical and optical properties is expected in low-dimensional and size-reduced materials. We have discovered that Si nanocrystals can be formed in a SiO/sub 2/ thin film under irradiation of an electron beam at high temperature. The specimen in the present work was prepared from a SiO/sub 2/ single crystal (quartz). The acceleration voltage of an electron beam was 100 kV in order to reduce sputtering for Si atoms. The thin area of the SiO/sub 2/ film was easily amorphized by irradiation of the electron beam even if the current density was less than 10/sup 5/ A/m/sup 2/. When the high intensity electron beam was focused on the amorphized SiO/sub 2/ thin film at 850 K inside an UHV-FE-TEM, crystalline Si nanoparticles emerged at the irradiated area, the diameter of which was as large as the beam diameter (several nm).
HTS and Rational Drug Design to Generate a Class of 5‐HT<sub>2C</sub>‐Selective Ligands for Possible Use in Schizophrenia. (2010)

Treating neurological conditions: Optimization of a previously identified lead 5-HT2C agonist (left) led to the discovery of a highly selective 5-HT2C agonist (right). Importantly, this compound is a 5-HT2B receptor antagonist. Because of its selective 5-HT2C receptor activity, the compound was further evaluated in the phencyclidine model of disrupted prepulse inhibition, and found to exhibit normalizing effects comparable to those shown by the 5-HT2C agonist vabicaserin, a drug currently in phase II clinical studies for schizophrenia.
Method of producing superconducting fibers of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub x] (1990)

Fibers of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub x] have been produce by pendant drop melt extraction. This technique involves the end of a rod of YBa[sub 2]Cu[sub 3]O[sub x] melted with a hydrogen-oxygen torch, followed by lowering onto the edge of a spinning wheel. The fibers are up to 10 cm in length with the usual lateral dimensions, ranging from 20 [mu]m to 125 [mu]m. The fibers require a heat treatment to make them superconducting.
Intra-Arterial MSC Transplantation Restores Functional Capacity After Skeletal Muscle Trauma (2012)

The present study demonstrated an effect of systemically administered MSCs in the treatment of skeletal muscle injuries. For possible future therapeutic approaches a systemic application of MSCs seems to present an alternative to a local administration. Such systemic treatment would be preferable since it allows functional improvement and possible cellular concentration at injury sites that are not easily accessible.
New Feature Interactions in Mobile and Multimedia Telecommunications Services. (2000)

Some previously unidentified sources of feature interaction arising in mobile and multimedia telecommunication systems are presented. We discuss how these feature interactions might be managed by feature developers and service providers. The Distributed Feature Composition (DFC) architecture has proven to be a valuable tool for elucidating these feature interactions, and for describing desirable global behavior without loss of feature modularity.
A simple low-energy instruction wakeup mechanism (2003)

Instruction issue consumes a large amount of energy in out of order processors, largely in the wakeup logic. Proposed solutions to the problem require prediction or additional hardware complexity to reduce energy consumption and, in some cases, may have a negative impact on processor performance. This paper proposes a mechanism for instruction wakeup, which uses a multi-block instruction queue design. The blocks are turned off until the mechanism determines which blocks to access on wakeup using a simple successor tracking mechanism. The proposed approach is shown to require as little as 1.5 comparisons per committed instruction for SPEC2000 benchmarks.
Uncovering performance differences among backbone ISPs with Netdiff (2008)

Abstract – We design and implement Netdiff, a system that enables detailed performance comparisons among ISP networks. It helps customers and applications determine, for instance, which ISP offers the best performance for their specific workload. Netdiff is easy to deploy because it requires only a modest number of nodes and does not require active cooperation from ISPs. Realizing such a system, however, is challenging as we must aggressively reduce probing cost and ensure that the results are robust to measurement noise. We describe the techniques that Netdiff uses to address these challenges. Netdiff has been measuring eighteen backbone ISPs since February 2007. Its techniques allow it to capture an accurate view of an ISP’s performance in terms of latency within fifteen minutes. Using Netdiff, we find that the relative performance of ISPs depends on many factors, including the geographic properties of traffic and the popularity of destinations. Thus, the detailed comparison that Netdiff provides is important for identifying ISPs that perform well for a given workload. 1