gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3D Object Recognition and Pose Estimation From Point Cloud Using Stably Observed Point Pair Feature (2020)

Recognition and pose estimation from 3D free-form objects is a key step for autonomous robotic manipulation. Recently, the point pair features (PPF) voting approach has been shown to be effective for simultaneous object recognition and pose estimation. However, the global model descriptor (e.g., PPF and its variants) that contained some unnecessary point pair features decreases the recognition performance and increases computational efficiency. To address this issue, in this paper, we introduce a novel strategy for building a global model descriptor using stably observed point pairs. The stably observed point pairs are calculated from the partial view point clouds which are rendered by the virtual camera from various viewpoints. The global model descriptor is extracted from the stably observed point pairs and then stored in a hash table. Experiments on several datasets show that our proposed method reduces redundant point pair features and achieves better compromise of speed vs accuracy.
An inducible enhancer controls the expression of the human interleukin 1 beta gene. (1990)

This paper describes regulatory sequences responsible for the control of human interleukin 1 beta gene expression in cells of the monocytic lineage. Hybrid plasmids containing different regions of the interleukin 1 beta gene and the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene were transfected into human monocytic THP-1 or U937 cells. After treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, which triggers cell differentiation, we have identified an enhancer sequence which mediates the induction of gene activity by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. The enhancer, approximately 180 base pairs long, is located between positions -2982 and -2795 upstream from the transcriptional start site. Further analysis has shown that 132 base pairs immediately upstream from the start site of transcription are sufficient to promote constitutive expression of the gene. Additional promoter elements, located within the first intron, maximize the level of gene expression. Although activated monocytes and macrophages are the main producers of interleukin 1 beta, both the enhancer and the constitutive promoter can function in monocytic cells as well as in nonmonocytic HeLa cells.
ZnSe-based DBR-laser diode (1995)

The authors present for the first time DBR-emission in an electrically pumped CdZnSe/ZnSSe/MgZnSSe laser at room temperature. Longitudinal single mode emission is observed. By changing the period of the Bragg reflector, the emission peak can be tuned over >40 meV. The threshold current strongly depends on the reflector period with a minimum value of ~160 mA.
Single Photon Avalanche Detectors in Standard CMOS (2007)

We report an improved design and successful demonstration of single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detectors fabricated in a standard nwell 0.5 μm CMOS technology. The detectors are implemented as circular junctions between p+ and nwell regions. Two techniques are used to suppress perimeter breakdown: guard rings at the edges of the junctions, formed using lateral diffusion of adjacent nwell regions, and a poly-silicon control gate over the diffused guard rings and surrounding regions. The detectors exhibit a breakdown voltage of -16.85 V, 4 V higher than simple diode structures in the same technology. The detector exhibits a thermal event rate of 16000 counts/s at room temperature at an excess bias voltage of 1.15 V.
<title>CMOS-based chemical microsensors: components of a micronose system</title> (1999)

We report on results achieved with three different types of polymer-coated chemical microsensors fabricated in industrial CMOS technology. The first and most extensively studied transducer is a microcapacitor sensitive to changes in dielectric properties of the polymer layer due to analyte absorption. An on-chip integrated (Sigma) (Delta) -converter allows for detecting the minute capacitance changes. The second transducer is a resonant cantilever sensitive to predominantly mass changes. The cantilever is electrothermally excited, its vibrations are detected using a piezoresistive Wheatstone bridge. In analogy to acoustic wave devices, analyte absorption in the polymer causes resonance frequency shifts as a consequent of changes in the vibrating mass. The last transducer is a microcalorimeter consisting of a polymer-coated sensing thermopile and an uncoated reference thermopile each on micromachined membranes. The measurand is the absorption or desorption heat of organic volatiles in the polymer layer. The difference between the resulting thermovoltages is processed with an on-chip low-noise differential amplifier. Enthalpy changes on the order of (mu) J have been detected.
Inflammation in Parkinson’s Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications (2020)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons that project from the substantia nigra <i>pars compacta</i>. Although the molecular bases for PD development are still little defined, extensive evidence from human samples and animal models support the involvement of inflammation in onset or progression. However, the exact trigger for this response remains unclear. Here, we provide a systematic review of the cellular mediators, i.e., microglia, astroglia and endothelial cells. We also discuss the genetic and transcriptional control of inflammation in PD and the immunomodulatory role of dopamine and reactive oxygen species. Finally, we summarize the preclinical and clinical approaches targeting neuroinflammation in PD.
Photoluminescence analysis of p-doped GaAs using the Roosbroeck–Shockley relation (2007)

Linking absorption with emission, the Roosbroeck?Shockley relation (RSR) expresses a fundamental principle of semiconductor optics. Despite its elementary character, the RSR is hardly advocated since it is commonly understood that the relation holds for intrinsic materials only. However, we demonstrate that the RSR reproduces very well the photoluminescence of p-doped GaAs over the temperature range of 5?300 K. The fitting parameters used, such as energy position and doping-induced band gap shrinkage, satisfactorily coincide with the literature. The presented results show that the RSR can have a much broader impact in semiconductor analysis than generally presumed.The paper is dedicated to our friend and mentor Rand R Biggers (1946?2006)
Solvent-induced and polyether-ligand-induced redox isomerization within an asymmetrically coordinated mixed-valence ion: trans-tetraamminebis(2,2'-bipyridine)(.mu.-4-cyanopyridine)chloro(pyridine)diruthenium(4+), trans-(py)(NH3)4Ru(4-NCpy)Ru(2,2'-bpy)2Cl4+ (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSolvent-induced and polyether-ligand-induced redox isomerization within an asymmetrically coordinated mixed-valence ion: trans-tetraamminebis(2,2'-bipyridine)(.mu.-4-cyanopyridine)chloro(pyridine)diruthenium(4+), trans-(py)(NH3)4Ru(4-NCpy)Ru(2,2'-bpy)2Cl4+Jeff C. Curtis, Jody A. Roberts, Robert L. Blackbourn, Yuhua Dong, Mohammed Massum, Christopher S. Johnson, and Joseph T. HuppCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 20, 3856–3860Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00020a016https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00020a016research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views167Altmetric-Citations26LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Ecto-5′-Nucleotidase (CD73) Decreases Mortality and Organ Injury in Sepsis (2011)

The extracellular concentrations of adenosine are increased during sepsis, and adenosine receptors regulate the host's response to sepsis. In this study, we investigated the role of the adenosine-generating ectoenzyme, ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73), in regulating immune and organ function during sepsis. Polymicrobial sepsis was induced by subjecting CD73 knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice to cecal ligation and puncture. CD73 KO mice showed increased mortality in comparison with WT mice, which was associated with increased bacterial counts and elevated inflammatory cytokine and chemokine concentrations in the blood and peritoneum. CD73 deficiency promoted lung injury, as indicated by increased myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil infiltration, and elevated pulmonary cytokine levels. CD73 KO mice had increased apoptosis in the thymus, as evidenced by increased cleavage of caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and increased activation of NF-κB. Septic CD73 KO mice had higher blood urea nitrogen levels and increased cytokine levels in the kidney, indicating increased renal dysfunction. The increased kidney injury of CD73 KO mice was associated with augmented activation of p38 MAPK and decreased phosphorylation of Akt. Pharmacological inactivation of CD73 in WT mice using α, β-methylene ADP augmented cytokine levels in the blood and peritoneal lavage fluid. These findings suggest that CD73-derived adenosine may be beneficial in sepsis.
Entity-Relationship Software Development Environment (2003)

We designed and implemented a prototype software development environment based on software component composition. Our software development environment, the Entity-Relationship Software Development Environment (ERSDE), uses extended entity-relationship diagrams (EERDs) as templates of executable programs. An EERD represents the component types and the relationship types among them within an application domain. The graphical editor of the ERSDE uses an EERD as a menu in constructing application software. An EERD used as a menu can enforce legitimate patterns of relationships among software components, in addition to providing an intuitive view of available components and possible relationships among them. Furthermore, as the ERSDE uses structural active objects as the components of a program, we can obtain an executable program if those components are instantiated and interconnected as dictated by an EERD. Two experiments conducted confirmed the effectiveness of our approach.
Human synoviocytes: activation and desensitization by prostaglandins and 1-epinephrine. (1975)

The human synoviocyte increases its intracellular adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) concentration significantly after incubation with prostaglandin E1, prostaglandin E2, or l-epinephrine. The cells can be desensitized to these same hormones. Hormone-induced desensitization is receptor site specific and associated with a significant increase in intracellular 3':5'-cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (EC 3.1.4. 17; 3':5'-cyclic AMP 5'-nucleotidohydrolase) activity, whereas cAMP-induced desensitization is not hormone specific.
Good sample consensus estimation of 2D-homographies for vehicle movement detection from thermal videos (2022)

In this contribution we describe a method to assess the activity of vehicles based on airborne image sequences taken by an infrared camera. Active vehicles often appear as a configuration of a dark and a bright spot close to each other. The sensor movement is inferred from image sequences. Due to the fast velocity of the platform estimations of vehicle movements require a precise measurement of the sensor movement. The camera may be tilted with the aircraft giving arbitrarily oblique views. Camera movements are treated as projective 2D-homographies. For the search of a subset of image point correspondences that is free of outliers and gives a precise estimate of the movement we use a production system implementing good sample consensus (GSAC). This new method is derived from the well known RANSAC-decisions and improves them by preferring good samples to random samples. As assessment criterion for minimal samples the area of the smallest triangle in the sample is used. We motivate the criterion for the quality of samples by error propagation through the estimated homography. A comparison is made with other robust estimation techniques namly RANSAC and iterative re-weighted least squares. 1.
High Contrast Upconversion Luminescence Targeted Imaging in Vivo Using Peptide-Labeled Nanophosphors (2009)

Fluorescence targeted imaging in vivo has proven useful in tumor recognition and drug delivery. In the process of in vivo imaging, however, a high autofluorescence background could mask the signals from the fluorescent probes. Herein, a high contrast upconversion luminescence (UCL) imaging protocol was developed for targeted imaging of tumors based on RGD-labeled upconversion nanophosphors (UCNPs) as luminescent labels. Confocal Z-scan imaging of tissue slices revealed that UCL imaging showed no autofluorescence signal even at high penetration depth (approximately 600 microm). More importantly, region of interest (ROI) analysis of the UCL signal in vivo showed that UCL imaging achieved a high signal-to-noise ratio (approximately 24) between the tumor and the background. These results demonstrate that the UCL imaging technique appears particularly suited for applications in tracking and labeling components of complex biological systems.
Enhancement of NK cell antitumor responses using an oncolytic parvovirus (2010)

Natural killer (NK) cells play a vital role in the rejection of tumors. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), however, remains a poor prognosis malignancy, due to its resistance to radio- and chemotherapy, and low immunogenicity. We demonstrate here that IL-2-activated human NK cells are able to kill PDAC cells. Currently, novel strategies are being pursued to combat PDAC. In this regard, oncolytic viruses, in addition to killing tumor cells, may also have the potential to augment antitumor immune responses. We found that, besides having an intrinsic oncolytic activity, parvovirus H-1PV is able to enhance NK cell-mediated killing of PDAC cells. Our results show that H-1PV infection of Panc-1 cells increases NK cell capacity to release IFN-γ, TNF-α and MIP-1α/β. Multiple activating receptors are involved in the NK cell-mediated killing of Panc-1 cells. Indeed, blocking of the natural cytotoxicity receptors-NKp30, 44 and 46 in combination, and NKG2D and DNAM1 alone inhibit the killing of Panc-1 cells. Interestingly, H-1PV infection of Panc-1 cells overcomes the part of inhibitory effects suggesting that parvovirus may induce additional NK cell ligands on Panc-1 cells. The enhanced sensitivity of H-1PV-infected PDAC cells to NK cell-dependent killing could be traced back to the upregulation of the DNAM-1 ligand, CD155 and to the downregulation of MHC class I expression. Our data suggests that NK cells display antitumor potential against PDAC and that H-1PV-based oncolytic immunotherapy could further boost NK cell-mediated immune responses and help to develop a combinatorial therapeutic approach against PDAC.
Hyperbranched Polymers for Electroluminescence Applications (1998)

Three-dimensional hyperbranched polymers are shown to be new candidates for emitting materials in light-emitting devices (LEDs). Owing to the properties of hyperbranched polymers, devices incorporating them are expected to have improved stability and efficiency compared to LEDs made from linear polymers. The performance of a bilayer electroluminescence device is reported in which the electron-transport layer is made of a hyperbranched polycarbazole and a newly synthesized linear polymer constitutes the hole-transport layer.
Remote sensing at NORDA (1985)

The U.S. Navy has a major interest in the application of remote sensing data, especially satellite data, to provide accurate synoptic views of oceanic parameters for real‐time analyses. The Navy also has a growing need to use these data to initialize, to force, and to verify ocean variables expressed in the form of numerical model forecasts. The basic, exploratory, and advanced development research on the Navy's oceanographic applications of remotely sensed environmental data is done by the Remote Sensing Branch of the Ocean Sensing and prediction division at the Naval Ocean Research and Development Activity (NORDA).
Defining laboratory reference values and decision limits: populations, intervals, and interpretations (2010)

This article provides a brief overview of various approaches that may be utilized for the analysis of human semen test results. Reference intervals are the most widely used tool for the interpretation of clinical laboratory results. Reference interval development has classically relied on concepts elaborated by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry Expert Panel on Reference Values during the 1980s. These guidelines involve obtaining and classifying samples from a healthy population of at least 120 individuals and then identifying the outermost 5% of observations to use in defining limits for two-sided or one-sided reference intervals. More recently, decision limits based on epidemiological outcome analysis have also been introduced to aid in test interpretation. The reference population must be carefully defined on the basis of the intended clinical use of the underlying test. To determine appropriate reference intervals for use in male fertility assessment, a reference population of men with documented time to pregnancy of < 12 months would be most suitable. However, for epidemiological assessment of semen testing results, a reference population made up of unselected healthy men would be preferred. Although reference and decision limits derived for individual semen analysis test results will undoubtedly be the interpretational tools of choice in the near future, in the long term, multivariate methods for the interpretation of semen analysis alone or in combination with information from the female partner seem to represent better means for assessing the likelihood of achieving a successful pregnancy in a subfertile couple.
Optimization of alignment/overlay sampling and marker layout to improve overlay performance for double patterning technology (2009)

Double patterning technology is capable of extending usability of immersion ArF systems for 32nm half-pitch node and below. However, overlay errors between the two patterning steps will directly contribute to critical dimension variation in a dual litho-etch process. The overlay errors need to be reduced significantly to meet the tight critical dimension uniformity requirement in the technology nodes. The present scanners are able to correct intra- and inter-field overlay errors that include not only linear terms but also certain higher-order terms. As a result, a 3nm overlay requirement for DPT becomes feasible by applying the most advanced correction schemes. Overlay modeling with a larger number of sample fields will give a more accurate estimate of the model parameters and will therefore improve the overlay corrections; however, metrology time will increase simultaneously. To balance the correction accuracy and metrology time, the number of fields and its layout on the wafer must be optimized. This also applies to wafer alignment, one of the other factors that determine the overlay performance. A bad alignment sampling scheme will cause a poor overlay performance in the end. Increasing the number of sample fields can improve the alignment performance but wafer throughput will be impacted immediately. Performance of the intra-field correction is dependent on number and distribution of the markers within an exposure field. Correction per field, for instance, is one of the most effective correction schemes. However, it needs to measure extra markers in each field for overlay modeling especially when including high-order terms. To limit the chip area occupied by the markers and the metrology time, it is necessary to well control the number of the markers. Moreover, accuracy of the overlay models is sensitive to layout of the markers. The overlay marker layout hence needs to be optimized to gain a robust correction with a minimum number of markers. In this paper, firstly we developed various geometry-based sampling methods for both alignment and overlay corrections to evaluate correction robustness while keeping the number of sample fields as small as possible. The results show that modeling with a limited number of fields can adequately describe a full-wafer alignment/overlay signature and the errors can be well corrected accordingly. A hybrid sampling approach was then proposed taking into consideration the spatial coverage (geometry-based) as well as the overlay signature of the fields. To improve the intra-field correction, an algorithm to assist in designing the layout of the overlay markers on a mask was developed. The most effective marker layouts with the least number of markers were suggested for different correction schemes. Using the most effective correction scheme as well as the proposed optimization techniques, the overlay performance can be improved to meet the overlay requirement of the 32nm DPT.
Postmortem Cortex Samples Identify Distinct Molecular Subtypes of ALS: Retrotransposon Activation, Oxidative Stress, and Activated Glia (2019)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons. While several pathogenic mutations have been identified, the vast majority of ALS cases have no family history of disease. Thus, for most ALS cases, the disease may be a product of multiple pathways contributing to varying degrees in each patient. Using machine learning algorithms, we stratify the transcriptomes of 148 ALS postmortem cortex samples into three distinct molecular subtypes. The largest cluster, identified in 61% of patient samples, displays hallmarks of oxidative and proteotoxic stress. Another 19% of the samples shows predominant signatures of glial activation. Finally, a third group (20%) exhibits high levels of retrotransposon expression and signatures of TARDBP/TDP-43 dysfunction. We further demonstrate that TDP-43 (1) directly binds a subset of retrotransposon transcripts and contributes to their silencing in vitro, and (2) pathological TDP-43 aggregation correlates with retrotransposon de-silencing in vivo.