gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NFC based Livestock Traceability Management System (2014)

The livestock record tracking system to manage the record of domestic livestock transparently discloses overall distribution process from livestock production to sales. In addition, barcode printed on ear-tag of livestock is used to monitor livestock to prevent false sales such as false labeling of origin. In the case of one-dimension barcode, however, it has the weakness of not being able to store data and restore data upon contamination or damage. As a new technology to substitute such bar code, the attention is paid to NFC, a near field communication device, with the highest potential to replace bar code and RFID. This paper will proposed an information of livestock traceability managing method in the cloud environment using NFC (Near Field Communication). By utilizing smart devices equipped with NFC function, scanning NFC tag, and using wireless connection method such as 3g, LTE, and Wifi, a user can monitor the information as it is synchronized with the history information of cloud server. NFC based livestock history tracking system is divided into raising, butchery, processing, and sale and the information collected in each stage is saved to history cloud. Then, the history management information saved can be monitored through smart devices of user or web portal. Also, XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is used and managed in order to convert livestock information into electronic documents. Based on this, the information being sold is provided to consumers to allow safe purchase and when sanitation and safety issue occurs, it allows swift response such as collecting or discarding beef by tracking livestock record information.
<title>Segmentation of document images</title> (1990)

Document scanning is now an accepted part of office procedure, allowing the incorporation of digitized images into new documents and the conversion of scanned print into ASCII by optical character recognition ( OCR). Often document pages contain more than one form of information - textual, graphical and/or pictorial. Segmentation of document images into these three categories is feasible with the aid of image processing. Projections of the thresholded document images in conjunction with autocorrelation are used to check text alignment. Then the edge shifting properties of the rank filter are used to coalesce image regions containing text into solid near-rectangular blocks. Pyramidal reduction is combined with the filtering to ease the computational burden. Horizontal and vertical projections are used to segment whole pages recursively into homogeneous blocks whose properties are then analysed. Applications forseen for the image segmentation include modified facsimile systems, achievement of artifact-free OCR and conversion of document images into files with separate formats for text, graphics and pictures.
High-performance ternary blend all-polymer solar cells with complementary absorption bands from visible to near-infrared wavelengths (2015)

Ternary blend all-polymer solar cells open a new avenue for accelerating improvement in the efficiency of non-fullerene thin-film organic photovoltaics.
Highly rigid and twisted anthracene derivatives: a strategy for deep blue OLED materials with theoretical limit efficiency (2011)

New highly twisted and rigid blue materials composed of anthracene with xylene as the core unit and either naphthalene or phenyl end units were synthesized. Non-doped devices using BDNA displayed 5.26% maximum external quantum efficiency with CIE color coordinates (x, y: 0.159, 0.072).
Radiation measurements from an inverted relativistic magnetron (1983)

We report microwave emission measurements from an inverted relativistic magnetron comprising an outer cylindrical field emission cathode and an inner coaxial anode with embedded vane resonators. The magnetron operates in the π mode at a frequency ∼3.6 GHz, and voltages of 1–2 MV. The rf power is ∼500 MW.
A Systematic State-Space Approach to Large-Signal Transistor Modeling (2007)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> A state–space approach to large-signal (LS) modeling of high-speed transistors is presented and used as a general framework for various model descriptions of the dispersive features frequently observed for HEMTs at low frequency. Ensuring unrestricted LS–small-signal (SS) model compatibility, the approach allows to construct LS models from multibias SS <formula><tex>$S$</tex> </formula>-parameter measurements. A general transformation between state–space models is derived, which are equivalent in the SS limit, but nonequivalent under LS stimuli. This transformation has the potential to compensate deviations observed by comparing model predictions with LS measurements and to find an optimum state linear LS model without any change of the SS behavior. </para>
Analisa Kualitas Air Minum Isi Ulang di Kota Pekanbaru (2008)

The level of human healthy had influenced by many factor, one of them is environmental factor. Many effort toincrease the environmental healthy such as gets the control to quality of drink water. To get the healt water as astandard of water quality, so the water had processed, first, before consumpted. The process usually had bywater refill depot which find in many locations and used by people cause get low price. The result of thisresearch showed that material water quality, except from sources, it had required in bacteriologily. Thebacteriologic quality of water had drawed from each depot, it had fluctuated or inconsistent in requirements ofbacteriologic quality. In water products form each depot where analyzedmemenuhi syarat bakteriologis. Kualitas bakteriologis air minum yang dihasilkan pada tiap depot adalahberfluktuasi atau dengan kata lain tidak konsisten memenuhi persyaratan kualitas bakteriologis. Dalam produkair minum dari semua depot yang diteliti, terdapat kadar zat kimia ; arsen yang melampaui standar kesehatan.Sementara itu kadar zat kimia ; kadmium, selenium dan sianida yang melebihi standar kesehatan ditemukandalam poduk air minum pada 3 ( tiga ) depot dari 5 ( lima ) depot yang diteliti.
The effects of methane and hydrogen gases produced by enteric bacteria on ileal motility and colonic transit time (2011)

Methane delayed ileal peristaltic conduction velocity by augmenting contractility. Hydrogen shortened colonic transit, and that effect was more prominent in the proximal colon than distal colon.
On Characteristics of DP600 Resistance Spot Welds (2003)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">In this study, effects of resistance spot welding parameters on weld performance, metallurgical features and formation of imperfections in DP600 spot welds were investigated. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize the weld. No heat-affected zone (HAZ) softening was found for DP600. Weld nugget microhardness profile results indicated that DP600 welds had no hold time sensitivity. Shrinkage, solidification cracks and liquid metal embrittlement were also found in some of the welds. Factors affecting formation of the weld imperfections were discussed. Similarly to those found in HSLA steels, imperfections in resistance spot welds of DP600 can be minimized or even eliminated using a proper welding schedule.</div>
MIMO Beamforming Designs With Partial CSI Under Energy Harvesting Constraints (2013)

In this letter, we investigate multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications under energy harvesting (EH) constraints. In our considered EH system, there is one information transmitting (ITx) node, one traditional information receiving (IRx) node and multiple EH nodes. EH nodes can transform the received electromagnetic waves into energy to enlarge the network operation life. When the ITx node sends signals to the destination, it should also optimize the beamforming/precoder matrix to charge the EH nodes efficiently simultaneously. Additionally, the charged energy should be larger than a predefined threshold. Under the EH constraints, in our work both minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) and mutual information are taken as the performance metrics for the beamforming designs at the ITx node. In order to make the proposed algorithms suitable for practical implementation and have affordable overhead, our work focuses on the beamforming designs with partial CSI and this is the distinct contribution of our work. Finally, numerical results are given to show the performance advantages of the proposed algorithms.
Expression of CD154 on renal cell carcinomas and effect on cell proliferation, motility and platelet‐activating factor synthesis (2002)

Abstract CD40 activation by CD154 may trigger diverse cellular responses, ranging from proliferation and differentiation to growth suppression and cell death, in normal and malignant cells. However, the pathophysiologic role of CD154 expressed by tumor cells remains unclear. We have investigated the expression of the CD40–CD154 system in 24 primary cultures derived from renal cell carcinomas, its correlation with tumor stage and its potential functional significance. We found coexpression of CD40 and CD154 in most of the renal carcinoma cell lines. CD154, but not CD40 expression, significantly correlated with tumor stage. Moreover, renal carcinoma cell lines also released the soluble form of CD154 into the supernatant. CD40 engagement by CD154 did not affect apoptosis or survival. On the contrary, CD154 stimulated cell proliferation, motility and production of PAF, a phospholipid mediator of inflammation with angiogenic properties. Furthermore, the renal carcinoma cell lines expressed PAF‐R. Blockade of PAF‐R by WEB‐2170, a PAF‐R antagonist, abolished the CD154‐dependent motility, indicating a role for PAF synthesized after CD154 stimulation in renal carcinoma cell motility. In conclusion, this study identifies new functional properties for CD154, which are potentially relevant for the growth and dissemination of renal carcinoma cells. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Highly Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable 4-Thiazol-<i>N</i>-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 4 and 6 Inhibitors as Anticancer Drug Candidates: Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation (2017)

Cyclin D dependent kinases (CDK4 and CDK6) regulate entry into S phase of the cell cycle and are validated targets for anticancer drug discovery. Herein we detail the discovery of a novel series of 4-thiazol-N-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine derivatives as highly potent and selective inhibitors of CDK4 and CDK6. Medicinal chemistry optimization resulted in 83, an orally bioavailable inhibitor molecule with remarkable selectivity. Repeated oral administration of 83 caused marked inhibition of tumor growth in MV4-11 acute myeloid leukemia mouse xenografts without having a negative effect on body weight and showing any sign of clinical toxicity. The data merit 83 as a clinical development candidate.
<title>Binary and phase-shifting image design for optical lithography</title> (1991)

A number of pre-distorted mask design techniques for binary and phase-shifting masks are proposed. This approach is based on modeling the imaging mechanism of a stepper by the Hopkins equations and taking advantage of the photoresist nonlinear characteristics. Optimization techniques such as the branch and bound algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm are used to systematically design pre-distorted masks under incoherent and partially coherent illumination. Computer simulations are used to show that contour shapes of our designed mask patterns are sharper than those of conventional masks. The designed phase- shifting masks are shown to result in higher contrast as well as sharper contours than binary masks.
Exosomes Derived from M. Bovis BCG Infected Macrophages Activate Antigen-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells In Vitro and In Vivo (2008)

Activation of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells is required for an effective immune response to an M. tuberculosis infection. However, infected macrophages are poor antigen presenting cells and may be spatially separated from recruited T cells, thus limiting antigen presentation within a granuloma. Our previous studies showed that infected macrophages release from cells small membrane-bound vesicles called exosomes which contain mycobacterial lipid components and showed that these exosomes could stimulate a pro-inflammatory response in naïve macrophages. In the present study we demonstrate that exosomes stimulate both CD4(+) and CD8(+) splenic T cells isolated from mycobacteria-sensitized mice. Although the exosomes contain MHC I and II as well as costimulatory molecules, maximum stimulation of T cells required prior incubation of exosomes with antigen presenting cells. Exosomes isolated from M. bovis and M. tuberculosis infected macrophages also stimulated activation and maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Interestingly, intranasal administration of mice with exosomes isolated from M. bovis BCG infected macrophages induce the generation of memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. The isolated T cells also produced IFN-gamma upon restimulation with BCG antigens. The release of exosomes from infected macrophages may overcome some of the defects in antigen presentation associated with mycobacterial infections and we suggest that exosomes may be a promising M. tuberculosis vaccine candidate.
Fuzzy logic hardware systems (1989)

Novel fuzzy microprocessors are described, which achieve fuzzy inference with deterministic input and output signals. These two kinds of fuzzy microprocessors are useful for constructing sophisticated fuzzy logic controller. One is a rule chip and the other is a defuzzifier chip. The former is in the monolithic form and the latter is in hybrid structure. These fuzzy microprocessors will rapidly permeate the industry.
Soybean Processing and Utilization (2004)

This chapter describes current practices in soybean processing and utilization. More significant changes have occurred in soybean processing and utilization in the last 20 yr than during the crop's prior history in the USA. Considerable variation can occur in quality levels of soybean, meal, and oil. In the USA, grades for whole soybean are established by the Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyard Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, with inspection conducted by the Federal Grain Inspection Service. Additionally, purchases are made under a selected set of trading rules which also specify requirements for shipping, method of payment, handling of order shortfalls or overages, sampling and price adjustment procedures, and a referee chemist if assays are needed to settle disputes. The chapter provides information on preparation and utilization of soybean food, feed, and industrial ingredients for niche markets which are substantial businesses in their own right.
Bayesian GAN (2017)

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) can implicitly learn rich distributions over images, audio, and data which are hard to model with an explicit likelihood. We present a practical Bayesian formulation for unsupervised and semi-supervised learning with GANs. Within this framework, we use stochastic gradient Hamiltonian Monte Carlo to marginalize the weights of the generator and discriminator networks. The resulting approach is straightforward and obtains good performance without any standard interventions such as feature matching or mini-batch discrimination. By exploring an expressive posterior over the parameters of the generator, the Bayesian GAN avoids mode-collapse, produces interpretable and diverse candidate samples, and provides state-of-the-art quantitative results for semi-supervised learning on benchmarks including SVHN, CelebA, and CIFAR-10, outperforming DCGAN, Wasserstein GANs, and DCGAN ensembles.
A generic kinematics software package (2002)

A generic kinematics-based design, simulation and control software package called Generic Motion Control (GMC) software has been developed at Philips Laboratories, Briarcliff Manor, New York, USA. It enables automatic generation of control software for robot manipulator systems and diverse industrial automation machines. Functionality provided by the software includes a kinematics description language and compiler for generating symbolically optimized ANSI C control software, a basic kinematics package for performing coordinate transformation, a trajectory generator module for high-level commands, a calibration module for tuning the kinematic model, and a 3D color graphics module and a graphical command interface for simulations. The software is written in the ANSI C programming language and can be installed on a variety of operating systems including Unix and DOS. The following paper focuses on the capabilities and possible applications of the software package in robot control.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
10大“优质”餐具排行榜 (2004)

宝宝的吃饭问题对于很多妈妈来说是个大麻烦。哄骗、诱惑、威胁……百般武艺都用上了,效果却不明显。不过,如果餐具是宝宝所钟爱的,也许他会兴致大发,稀里哗啦地扒光碗里的饭;也许他会因为爱上了餐具,而爱上吃饭时间……那么,怎样的餐具是宝宝最爱的,又是妈妈最放心的呢?跟着我们来搜罗一下吧!
Proliferation of human T lymphocytes induced with superantigens is not dependent on costimulation by the CD28 counter-receptor B7 (1993)

Staphylococcal enterotoxins, also known as superantigens (SAg), bind class II MHC molecules on APC and upon direct cell-to-cell contact stimulate proliferation of T cells expressing appropriate V beta gene products. The T cell surface molecule CD28 binds its costimulatory counter-receptor, B7 expressed on APC, and augments IL-2 production and T cell growth. Although the role of B7 costimulation during Ag-specific responses of T cells is established, its involvement during the activation of T cells with SAg has not been examined. Using a soluble Ig C gamma 1 chimera of CTLA-4, a second receptor for B7 and a homologue of CD28, this study examines the role of B7 expressed on APC during the induction of proliferation of CD4+ T cells upon stimulation with SAg (SAg/staphylococcal enterotoxins). CTLA-4lg, which has a higher avidity for B7 than CD28, had no effect on the synthesis of IL-2 as well as proliferative responses of CD4+ T cells induced by SAg presented on allogeneic EBV-transformed B cells, and IFN-gamma-activated endothelial cells. In contrast, T cell proliferation induced by alloAg presentation by the same APC was significantly inhibited by CTLA-4lg. mAb directed at the CD11a/CD18 molecule inhibited both SAg-induced and alloAg-induced proliferation of T cells. AlloAg-primed CD4+ T cells, which expressed both class II MHC and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 but not B7, presented SAg to and induced proliferation of both resting and SAg-primed T cells. These responses were inhibited by mAb directed at CD11a/CD18 but not by CTLA-4 Rg. These results suggest that SAg-induced responses differ from those induced by alloAg in that they are not obligatorily dependent on the costimulation by B7. In contrast, adhesive interaction between CD11a/CD18 on T cells and its counter-receptor on SAg-presenting cells is necessary and probably sufficient to support SAg-induced proliferation of T cells.
Jet Propulsion (2015)

Now in its third edition, Jet Propulsion offers a self-contained introduction to the aerodynamic and thermodynamic design of modern civil and military jet engine design. Through two-engine design projects for a large passenger and a new fighter aircraft, the text explains modern engine design. Individual sections cover aircraft requirements, aerodynamics, principles of gas turbines and jet engines, elementary compressible fluid mechanics, bypass ratio selection, scaling and dimensional analysis, turbine and compressor design and characteristics, design optimization, and off-design performance. The civil aircraft, which formed the core of Part I in the previous editions, has now been in service for several years as the Airbus A380. Attention in the aircraft industry has now shifted to two-engine aircraft with a greater emphasis on reduction of fuel burn, so the model created for Part I in this edition is the new efficient aircraft, a twin aimed at high efficiency.
Migration of mesenchymal stem cells to heart allografts during chronic rejection (2003)

MSC vigorously migrated into the site of allograft rejection. This data suggests that they may be attracted to this site to actively participate in tissue repair during chronic rejection. In addition, given the robust migration, the inhibition of MSC differentiation toward fibroblast progeny and induction toward the myocyte lineage may serve as a new strategy for treatment of chronic rejection and allograft tissue repair.
Threat prediction algorithm based on local path candidates and surrounding vehicle trajectory predictions for automated driving vehicles (2015)

Among others, a reliable threat prediction algorithm is one of the key enabling technologies for the commercialization of the automated driving systems and other driver assistance systems. Previous algorithms that use Time-to-Collision (TTC) as a measure of threat tend to assume constant state and constant input; e.g. constant yaw rate and constant acceleration. Although the predictability of these algorithms is acceptable within a one second time horizon, it becomes invalid for predictions over one second because yaw rate and acceleration are highly unlikely to be constant. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a threat prediction algorithm that can accurately predict TTC over a longer time horizon based on future trajectory predictions of a surrounding vehicle. First, a comprehensive set of local path candidates is generated along the curvilinear coordinates using a quintic (5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> order) polynomial with respect to the arc-length corresponding to the different lateral offsets. Trajectory prediction of a surrounding vehicle is accomplished by introducing target lane detection, which is estimated according to the amount of difference between the current motion and the centerline of the driving lane. Based on these future vehicle trajectories, TTC is computed by comparing the entrance and exit time of two vehicles into and out of the conflict area where the occupied spaces of two vehicles overlap. Finally, in order to provide threat assessment results, the inverse TTC values obtained above are plotted on a 2-dimensional trajectory plane where each set of the tangential acceleration and the initial yaw acceleration values represents each local path candidate. Thus, these threat assessment results can be directly utilized to determine a driving strategy of autonomous vehicles.
Probe Decomposition of Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite in N<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> by in Situ Infrared Spectroscopy (2017)

Packaging methylammonium lead iodide perovskite (MAPbI<sub>3</sub>)-based solar cells with N<sub>2</sub> or dry air is a promising solution for its application in outdoor photovoltaics. However, the effect of N<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> on the decomposition chemistry and kinetics of MAPbI<sub>3</sub> is not yet well-understood. With in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements, we show that the effective activation energy for the degradation of MAPbI<sub>3</sub> in N<sub>2</sub> is ∼120 kJ/mol. The decomposition of MAPbI<sub>3</sub> is greatly accelerated by exposure to O<sub>2</sub> in the dark. As a result of the synergistic effect between O<sub>2</sub> and a HeNe laser (633 nm), the degradation rate is further increased with photon flux. This synergistic effect reduces the effective activation energy of degradation of MAPbI<sub>3</sub> to ∼50 kJ/mol. The solid decomposition products after annealing in N<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> at 150 °C or below do not have absorbance between 650 and 4000 cm<sup>-1</sup>.