gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Unique LaTaO<sub>4</sub> Polymorph for Multiple Energy Applications (2009)

Rare-earth niobate and tantalate (RE-Nb/Ta) materials are of considerable interest in environmental and energy-related applications that include phosphors for solid-state lighting, photocatalysts for both contaminant degeneration and H2 generation, chemically robust hosts for nuclear materials and wastes, and ion conductors for lithium batteries or solid-oxide fuel cells. However, the chemically inert nature limits the synthetic routes available to obtain these materials, which in turn hampers the discovery and development of new RE-Nb/Ta phases. Of the simple orthotantalate, LaTaO4, there were three polymorphs known prior. With this paper, we present the structural characterization (from high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction data collected at the APS 11-BM line) of a fourth polymorph. It is obtained only from dehydration of La2Ta2O7(OH)2, which is in turn synthesized hydrothermally. The structure of the new LaTaO4 polymorph is distinctive from the others in the arrangement of the alternating La−O polyhedra layers and TaO6 octahedra layers. Luminescence measurements (Eu-doped) and photocatalysis studies of the new LaTaO4 polymorph, and comparison to the performance of a previously described LaTaO4 polymorph reveals enhanced performance of the new polymorph in both applications. This study illustrates the relevance of form-function relationships in solid-state materials, as well as the important role of synthesis in the development of advanced functional materials.
Role of Interleukin-10 in a Murine Model of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis (1998)

These results show that IL-10 has a functional role in regulating colonic inflammation during experimental colitis.
Integrating Point of Care Ultrasound into Nephrology Fellowship Training: Insights from a Pilot Program (2022)

In nephrology, point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has multiple applications including the rapid evaluation of acute kidney injury, enhancing the initial evaluation of chronic kidney disease, direct evaluation of vascular access, and improved fluid balance management in acute and chronic settings [1, 2]. Recently, the role of POCUS has been formally acknowledged by the American College of Physicians and curricula specific to nephrology have been proposed [3, 4]. However, the integration of a novel clinical skill into a field comes with its unique set of challenges. Above all, most nephrologists in leadership roles within fellowship training programs lack POCUS experience, which represent a significant barrier for adequate exposure and teaching. Although educational curriculum centered on nephrology have been proposed, the optimal model to ensure adequate POCUS exposure considering the scarcity of expertise among educators is not known.
The peptide sequence Arg‐Glu‐Arg, present in the amyloid precursor protein, protects against memory loss caused by Aβ and acts as a cognitive enhancer (2004)

Amino acid sequences containing the palindromic tripeptide RER, matching amino acids 328-330 of the amyloid precursor protein APP, when injected intracerebrally prior to or just after training, protect against memory loss induced by amyloid-beta (A beta) in a one-trial passive avoidance task in the young chick. RER also acts as a cognitive enhancer, strengthening memory for a weak version of the task. N-terminal acylation of RER protects it against rapid degradation, and AcRER is effective in restoring memory if administered peripherally. Biotinylated RER binds to chick neuronal perikarya in an APP-displaceable manner via 66 and approximately 110 kDa neuronal cell membrane proteins. We suggest that RER binding is likely to exert effects on memory retention via receptor-mediated events that include activation of second messenger pathways. These findings suggest that RER and its derivatives may offer a novel approach to enhancing the neuroprotective effects of APP and alleviating the effects of memory loss in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.
Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure Shell (SSH) (2011)

This document describes a method for invoking and running the NETCONF
protocol within a Secure Shell (SSH) session as an SSH subsystem.
Effect of resonances on diffusive scattering (1998)

The presence of resonances modifies the passage of light or of electrons through a disordered medium. We generalize random-matrix theory to account for this effect. Using supersymmetry, we calculate analytically the mean density of states and the effective Lagrangian of the generating functional for the two-point function. We show that the diffusion constant scales with the effective mean level spacing. The latter exhibits a resonance dip. These facts allow us to interpret experimental results on light scattering for different concentrations of resonant scatterers.
Recurrent RAS and PIK3CA mutations in Erdheim-Chester disease (2014)

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare histiocytic disorder that is challenging to diagnose and treat. We performed molecular analysis of BRAF in the largest cohort of ECD patients studied to date followed by N/KRAS, PIK3CA, and AKT1 mutational analysis in BRAF wild-type patients. Forty-six of 80 (57.5%) of patients were BRAFV600E-mutant. NRAS mutations were detected in 3 of 17 ECD BRAFV600E wild-type patients. PIK3CA mutations (p.E542K, p.E545K, p.A1046T, and p.H1047R) were detected in 7 of 55 patients, 4 of whom also had BRAF mutations. Mutant NRAS was present in peripheral blood CD14(+) cells, but not lymphoid cells, from an NRASQ61R mutant patient. Our results underscore the central role of RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK activation in ECD and identify an important role of activation of RAS-PI3K-AKT signaling in ECD. These results provide a rationale for targeting mutant RAS or PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in the subset of ECD patients with NRAS or PIK3CA mutations.
X-ray diffraction analysis and Monte Carlo simulations of CoFeB-MgO based magnetic tunnel junctions (2013)

Here, we present the x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of a pseudo spin valve (P-SV): CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB and an exchange bias spin valve (EB-SV): PtMn/CoFe/Ru/CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions where the composition of CoFeB was (Co52Fe48)75B25. In the P-SV, CoFeB layers crystallized into a highly bcc (001)-oriented CoFe texture while in the EB-SV, CoFeB crystallized into both (001)-oriented and (110)-oriented textures. Moreover, CoFeB crystallized better into the (001)-oriented texture when deposited on MgO than on a Ru layer. The P-SV and EB-SV devices with layer structures equivalent to the XRD samples, showed tunneling magnetoresistance of 240% and 180%, respectively. The Ru and Ta buffer layers annealed at 340 °C mixed at the interface. The simulated crystalline structure and calculated θ-2θ profiles, using kinematical theory of x-ray scattering, correlated very well with the experimental profiles and confirmed Ta-Ru intermixing.
Evaluation of Hydrodynamic Drag on Experimental Fouling-release Surfaces, using Rotating Disks (2004)

Fouling by biofilms significantly increases frictional drag on ships' hulls. A device, the friction disk machine, designed to measure torque on rotating disks, was used to examine differences among experimental fouling-release coatings in the drag penalty due to accumulated biofilms. Penalties were measured as the percentage change in the frictional resistance coefficient Cf. Drag penalties due to microfouling ranged from 9% to 29%, comparable to previously reported values. An antifouling control coating showed a smaller drag penalty than the fouling-release coatings. There were also significant differences among the fouling-release coatings in drag due to biofilm formation. These results indicate that the friction disk machine may serve as a valuable tool for investigating the effects of experimental coatings, both antifouling and fouling-release, on microfouling and associated drag penalties.
Effects of truncated angiotensins in humans after double blockade of the renin system (2003)

Angiotensins different from ANG II exhibit biological activities, possibly mediated via receptors other than ANG II receptors. We studied the effects of 3-h infusions of ANG III, ANG-(1-7), and ANG IV in doses equimolar to physiological amounts of ANG II (3 pmol. kg-1. min-1), in six men on low-sodium diet (30 mmol/day). The subjects were acutely pretreated with canrenoate and captopril to inhibit aldosterone actions and ANG II synthesis, respectively. ANG II infusion increased plasma angiotensin immunoreactivity to 53 +/- 6 pg/ml (+490%), plasma aldosterone to 342 +/- 38 pg/ml (+109%), and blood pressure by 27%. Glomerular filtration rate decreased by 16%. Concomitantly, clearance of endogenous lithium fell by 66%, and fractional proximal reabsorption of sodium increased from 77 to 92%; absolute proximal reabsorption rate of sodium remained constant. ANG II decreased sodium excretion by 70%, potassium excretion by 50%, and urine flow by 80%, whereas urine osmolality increased. ANG III also increased plasma aldosterone markedly (+45%), however, without measurable changes in angiotensin immunoreactivity, glomerular filtration rate, or renal excretion rates. During vehicle infusion, plasma renin activity decreased markedly ( approximately 700 to approximately 200 mIU/l); only ANG II enhanced this decrease. ANG-(1-7) and ANG IV did not change any of the measured variables persistently. It is concluded that 1) ANG III and ANG IV are cleared much faster from plasma than ANG II, 2) ANG II causes hypofiltration, urinary concentration, and sodium and potassium retention at constant plasma concentrations of vasopressin and atrial natriuretic peptide, and 3) a very small increase in the concentration of ANG III, undetectable by usual techniques, may increase aldosterone secretion substantially.
Integrated Detection of Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactam Resistance by DNA Microarray-Based Genotyping of TEM, SHV, and CTX-M Genes (2009)

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) of the TEM, SHV, or CTX-M type confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria. The activity of these enzymes against beta-lactam antibiotics and their resistance against inhibitors can be influenced by genetic variation at the single-nucleotide level. Here, we describe the development and validation of an oligonucleotide microarray for the rapid identification of ESBLs in gram-negative bacteria by simultaneously genotyping bla(TEM), bla(SHV), and bla(CTX-M). The array consists of 618 probes that cover mutations responsible for 156 amino acid substitutions. As this comprises unprecedented genotyping coverage, the ESBL array has a high potential for epidemiological studies and infection control. With an assay time of 5 h, the ESBL microarray also could be an attractive option for the development of rapid antimicrobial resistance tests in the future. The validity of the DNA microarray was demonstrated with 60 blinded clinical isolates, which were collected during clinical routines. Fifty-eight of them were characterized phenotypically as ESBL producers. The chip was characterized with regard to its resolution, phenotype-genotype correlation, and ability to resolve mixed genotypes. ESBL phenotypes could be correctly ascribed to ESBL variants of bla(CTX-M) (76%), bla(SHV) (22%), or both (2%), whereas no ESBL variant of bla(TEM) was found. The most prevalent ESBLs identified were CTX-M-15 (57%) and SHV-12 (18%).
Adaptive position-velocity-force control of two manipulators (1985)

The motions of two manipulators operating in leader-follower mode are controlled by means of adaptive controllers of self-tuning type. The controllers are designed on the basis of the stochastic multi-variable discrete time model (ARX) with the external inputs in which the parameters are estimated on-line recursively, and a quadratic criterion. The resulting controllers are adaptive with time-varying gains. They also depend on predicted errors of both manipulators. A higher level controller implementing the control laws needs complete information about the two co-operating manipulators: their complete state (position, velocity, force), and the current parameter estimates in the ARX-models. The structure of the adaptive controllers is illustrated with an example.
Control of NMDA Receptor Activation by a Glycine Transporter Co-Expressed in<i>Xenopus</i>Oocytes (1997)

We present evidence that membrane transporters can control the membrane receptor's agonist concentration in restricted extracellular spaces of a biological model. The model is constructed by co-expressing glycine/Na/Cl cotransporters (GLYT1b) and NMDA receptors (NMDARs) (composed of the subunits NR1 and NR2A or NR2B) in Xenopus oocytes. We use the high-affinity glycine site of the NMDARs as a sensor of the actual juxtamembrane glycine concentration. We show that glycine uptake by GLYT1b dramatically reduces NMDAR currents by reducing the glycine concentration in extracellular spaces in which diffusion is restricted. This effect appears only in oocytes in which GLYT1b and NMDAR are co-expressed. It is Na+- and voltage-dependent, and is abolished when Na+ is replaced by Li+ and when glycine is replaced by D-serine (a coagonist of the NMDAR that is not transported by GLYT1b). These results demonstrate the ability of the GLYT transporter to reduce glycine concentration at the level of NMDARs in restricted diffusion spaces. This observation could account for a prevalent role of membrane transporters in the modulation of synapse transmission in the CNS. From a more general point of view, our results draw attention to possible significant discrepancies between local concentrations at the level of substrate targets in biological membranes and their concentration in the bulk solution when membrane transporters are present.
Manifold Learning, A Promised Land or Work in Progress? (2005)

Tasks of image clustering and classification often deal with data of very high dimensions. To alleviate the dimensionality curse, several methods, such as isomap, LLE and KPCA, have recently been proposed and applied to learn low-dimensional, non-linear embedded manifolds in high-dimensional spaces. Unfortunately, the scenarios in which these methods appear to be effective are very contrived. In this work, we empirically examine these methods on a realistic but not-so-difficult dataset. We discuss the promises and limitations of these dimension-reduction schemes.
Recovery of erectile function after nerve‐sparing radical prostatectomy: improvement with nightly low‐dose sildenafil (2008)

The measurement of NPTR after NSRP showed erectile function even the 'first' night after catheter removal. In cases of early penile erection, daily low-dose sildenafil leads to a significant improvement in the recovery of erectile function.
Design of Photonic Crystal Membrane-Reflector-Based VCSELs (2012)

We present here the cavity design of distributed-Bragg-reflector-free ultracompact Fano-resonance photonic crystal membrane-reflector vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers on silicon, which consists of a III-V quantum-well active region sandwiched in between two single-layer Si membrane reflectors (MRs). The Si reflectors are designed to have peak reflection band around 1550 nm, with over 300-nm reflection band. The complete laser cavity resonance was determined, with considerations of unique phase and field distribution characteristics associated with these single-layer MRs. The confinement factor of the lasing mode is optimized around 6%, which enables low threshold lasing.
Electrical current mediated interconversion between graphene oxide to reduced grapene oxide (2011)

In this work, we demonstrate that graphene oxide (GO) can be reversibly converted to reduced-graphene-oxide (rGO) through the use of electric current. Strong electric field could cause ionization of water molecules in air to generate H+ ions at cathode, causing GO to be reduced. When the bias is reversed, the same electrode becomes positive and OH− ions are produced. According to Le Chatelier Principle, it then favors the reverse reaction, converting rGO back to GO, GO+2H++2e−=&gt;rGO+H2O. X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were carried to verify the conversion reversibility in the reversed process.
Effects on the efficiency of real-time PCR of sample amount used for extraction and input template volume. (2015)

<p>(A) Second round amplification result (C<sub>T</sub> value of <i>ETH225</i>). Six sample amount groups (5 mg, 2 mg, 1 mg, 0.5 mg, 0.2 mg, 0.1 mg) and six template volume groups (different template volumes in first round, but same template volume (2 µl) in second round) of Diao™ enzymatic laundry powder. (B) First round amplification result (C<sub>T</sub> value of <i>HAUT27</i>). Six sample amount groups (5 mg, 2 mg, 1 mg, 0.5 mg, 0.2 mg, 0.1 mg) and six template volume groups of Diao™ enzymatic laundry powder. Because of amplification inhibition factors, no C<sub>T</sub> value of 5 µl, 2 µl, 1 µl template group and some of 0.5 µl and 0.2 µl template groups were obtained (“undetermined”). Negative controls are not shown in this figure; their C<sub>T</sub> values were undetermined too.</p>
Amplification of femtosecond optical pulses using a double confocal resonator (1989)

We experimentally examine a class of multipass amplifiers based on an open double confocal resonator. A preamplifier provides a gain of 800. An intermediate-stage amplifier produces pulse energies of 2 microJ for only 1.4 W of pump power at a repetition rate of 10 kHz. A third structure, which includes a four-prism sequence, provides on each pass adjustable forms of the four basic pulse-shaping mechanisms of saturable gain, saturable absorption, group-velocity dispersion, and self-phase modulation, as well as spectral filtering. This latter structure also reversibly lengthens the pulse duration in the gain medium from 50 fsec to over 450 fsec.
Effect of solution-blended poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) copolymer on crystallization of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (2010)

Effect of solution-blended poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) copolymer on crystallization of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). Acrylonitrile segment in SAN copolymer was partially miscible with PVDF. Styrene segment in SAN reduced the copolymer's polarity and its miscibility with PVDF. FTIR and WAXD tests both showed as-prepared PVDF was mainly -phase. We employed an index A divided by Xc, suggesting that blended SAN could decrease the content of -phase of PVDF. By DSC, the smaller content of PVDF made the system more miscible so that the Tg,SAN of pure SAN decreased from 86.6 to 81.6C of sample PVDF/SAN = 20/80; further increase PVDF to 50/50, the Tg,SAN had a relative increase to be 84.2C. However, for SAN by melt molding, Tg,SAN increased with the increase of PVDF content, which might be due to the incorporation of SAN into inter-spacing of PVDF lamellae, because PVDF molecular chains had not enough mobility to retreat from the SAN's embrace and crystallize despite of the exit of SAN.
Uma análise das políticas públicas em turismo e patrimônio cultural em dois municípios do estado de Alagoas/Brasil: Penedo e Piranhas (2009)

Este artigo é parte do projeto de pesquisa que analisa ações desenvolvidas em municípios que estão inseridos no Programa Monumenta e outros que não fazem parte do programa, a partir das políticas públicas de patrimônio cultural e turismo. O estudo apresentado faz a relação comparativa das cidades de Penedo e Piranhas, dois municípios do estado de Alagoas. A pesquisa foi realizada a partir de entrevistas com representantes do poder público destes municípios com a intenção de possibilitar o entendimento com relação às respectivas políticas públicas adotadas, participação da comunidade e ações de comunicação desenvolvidas no sentido de promover os municípios. A partir de seu patrimônio cultural nas suas respectivas regiões, Zona da Mata e Sertão alagoano. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Patrimônio cultural; políticas públicas; planejamento turístico; turismo e ações de comunicação.
Monocyte adhesion in patients with bone marrow fibrosis is required for the production of fibrogenic cytokines. Potential role for interleukin-1 and TGF-<i>beta</i>. (1994)

Idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF) is a hemologic disorder characterized by bone marrow (BM) fibrosis. The BM contains excessive deposits of extracellular matrix proteins and exhibits neovascularization. The fibrosis is hypothesized to be a reactive phenomenon secondary to a clonal myeloid disorder. Growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), TGF-beta, and epidermal growth factor have been postulated as potential agents involved in BM fibrosis. We studied the induction of two fibrogenic cytokines, IL-1 and TGF-beta, in IMF monocytes. High levels of both cytokines were produced in unstimulated IMF monocytes, compared with background levels produced in normal controls. Most of the TGF-beta produced by IMF monocytes was in its active form. The spontaneous induction of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and TGF-beta in IMF monocytes parallels an increase in their steady state mRNA. Although high levels of cytoplasmic IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and TGF-beta protein were detected in monocytes that were not subjected to any form of adherence, the secretion of these cytokines required adhesion. High levels of fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, and collagen, all potential ligands for the CD44 adhesion molecule, have been reported in the circulation of IMF patients. However, the Ab-binding capacity of CD44 in IMF monocytes was reduced by 50% when compared with normal controls. Our results indicate that monocytes and adhesion molecules may play a role in the induction of fibrogenic cytokines. These parameters may be important to the pathophysiology of BM fibrosis.
Efficiency Analysis of Provisioning Microservices (2016)

Microservice architecture has started a new trend for application development/deployment in cloud due to its flexibility, scalability, manageability and performance. Various microservice platforms have emerged to facilitate the whole software engineering cycle for cloud applications from design, development, test, deployment to maintenance. In this paper, we propose a performance analytical model and validate it by experiments to study the provisioning performance of microservice platforms. We design and develop a microservice platform on Amazon EC2 cloud using Docker technology family to identify important elements contributing to the performance of microservice platforms. We leverage the results and insights from experiments to build a tractable analytical performance model that can be used to perform what-if analysis and capacity planning in a systematic manner for large scale microservices with minimum amount of time and cost.
Regulatory T cells: What role do they play in antitumor immunity in patients with head and neck cancer? (2008)

Advances in the treatment modalities for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) over the last 20 years involving surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy are not fully reflected in increases in the 5-year survival rates, mainly due to locoregional recurrences and to a lesser extent, distant metastasis. This can, in part, be attributed to the fact that HNSCC induces severe depression of a patient's immune system. Recent advances in understanding the complex host-tumor interactions have led to the identification of a distinct suppressor cell population known as regulatory T cells that play a crucial role in maintaining T-cell tolerance to self-antigens. Here, we present a critical review of our understanding of the involvement of regulatory T cells in controlling the T-cell immune response in tumor occurrence and progression in HNSCC with an emphasis on current and future immunotherapeutic approaches involving regulatory T cells.