gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Structured light imaging for breast-conserving surgery, part II: texture analysis and classification (2019)

Subdiffuse spatial frequency domain imaging (sd-SFDI) data of 42 freshly excised, bread-loafed tumor resections from breast-conserving surgery (BCS) were evaluated using texture analysis and a machine learning framework for tissue classification. Resections contained 56 regions of interest (RoIs) determined by expert histopathological analysis. RoIs were coregistered with sd-SFDI data and sampled into ∼4 × 4 mm2 subimage samples of confirmed and homogeneous histological categories. Sd-SFDI reflectance textures were analyzed using gray-level co-occurrence matrix pixel statistics, image primitives, and power spectral density curve parameters. Texture metrics exhibited statistical significance (p-value < 0.05) between three benign and three malignant tissue subtypes. Pairs of benign and malignant subtypes underwent texture-based, binary classification with correlation-based feature selection. Classification performance was evaluated using fivefold cross-validation and feature grid searching. Classification using subdiffuse, monochromatic reflectance (illumination spatial frequency of fx = 1.37 mm − 1, optical wavelength of λ = 490 nm) achieved accuracies ranging from 0.55 (95% CI: 0.41 to 0.69) to 0.95 (95% CI: 0.90 to 1.00) depending on the benign–malignant diagnosis pair. Texture analysis of sd-SFDI data maintains the spatial context within images, is free of light transport model assumptions, and may provide an alternative, computationally efficient approach for wide field-of-view (cm2) BCS tumor margin assessment relative to pixel-based optical scatter or color properties alone.
K<sup>+</sup> currents regulate the resting membrane potential, proliferation, and contractile responses in ventricular fibroblasts and myofibroblasts (2005)

Despite the important roles played by ventricular fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the formation and maintenance of the extracellular matrix, neither the ionic basis for membrane potential nor the effect of modulating membrane potential on function has been analyzed in detail. In this study, whole cell patch-clamp experiments were done using ventricular fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Time- and voltage-dependent outward K(+) currents were recorded at depolarized potentials, and an inwardly rectifying K(+) (Kir) current was recorded near the resting membrane potential (RMP) and at more hyperpolarized potentials. The apparent reversal potential of Kir currents shifted to more positive potentials as the external K(+) concentration ([K(+)](o)) was raised, and this Kir current was blocked by 100-300 muM Ba(2+). RT-PCR measurements showed that mRNA for Kir2.1 was expressed. Accordingly, we conclude that Kir current is a primary determinant of RMP in both fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Changes in [K(+)](o) influenced fibroblast membrane potential as well as proliferation and contractile functions. Recordings made with a voltage-sensitive dye, DiBAC(3)(4), showed that 1.5 mM [K(+)](o) resulted in a hyperpolarization, whereas 20 mM [K(+)](o) produced a depolarization. Low [K(+)](o) (1.5 mM) enhanced myofibroblast number relative to control (5.4 mM [K(+)](o)). In contrast, 20 mM [K(+)](o) resulted in a significant reduction in myofibroblast number. In separate assays, 20 mM [K(+)](o) significantly enhanced contraction of collagen I gels seeded with myofibroblasts compared with control mechanical activity in 5.4 mM [K(+)](o). In combination, these results show that ventricular fibroblasts and myofibroblasts express a variety of K(+) channel alpha-subunits and demonstrate that Kir current can modulate RMP and alter essential physiological functions.
Implicit structure for pen-based systems within a freeform interaction paradigm (1995)

Article Free Access Share on Implicit structure for pen-based systems within a freeform interaction paradigm Authors: Thomas P. Moran Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Patrick Chiu Live Works, Inc., A Xerox Company, 2040 Fortune Drive, San Jose, CA and Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA Live Works, Inc., A Xerox Company, 2040 Fortune Drive, San Jose, CA and Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , William van Melle Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Gordon Kurtenbach Alias Research Inc., 110 Richmond Street East, Toronto, Canada M5C 1P1 and Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA Alias Research Inc., 110 Richmond Street East, Toronto, Canada M5C 1P1 and Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims CHI '95: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsMay 1995 Pages 487–494https://doi.org/10.1145/223904.223970Published:01 May 1995Publication History 51citation715DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations51Total Downloads715Last 12 Months44Last 6 weeks7 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteView all FormatsPDF
Comments on "Winscale: an image-scaling algorithm using an area pixel Model" (2005)

In the paper by Kim et al. (2003), the authors propose a new image scaling method called winscale. The presented method can be used for scaling up and down. However, scaling down utilizing the winscale concept gives exactly the same results as the well-known bilinear interpolation. Furthermore, compared to bilinear, scaling up with the proposed winscale "overlap stamping" method has very similar calculations. The basic winscale upscaling differs from the bilinear method.
REVIEWS (1994)

Journal Article REVIEWS Get access RAIF GEORGES KHOURY, Chrestomathie de papyrologie arabe: Documents relatifs à la vie privée, sociale et administrative dans les premiers siècles islamiques Préparée par Adolf Grohmann†; retravaillée et élargie par Raif Georges Khoury (Handbuch der Orientalistik. 1 Abteilung. Erganzungsband II, Halbband 2), E.J. Brill, Leiden, New York, Köln 1993. Pp. x+[2]+260+[2], 34 plates+[4 additional pages, listing works in HdO, Abt. I: Der Nahe und Mittlere Osten]. ISBN: 90-04-09551-9. J. DEREK LATHAM J. DEREK LATHAM UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Semitic Studies, Volume XXXIX, Issue 2, AUTUMN 1994, Pages 379–382, https://doi.org/10.1093/jss/XXXIX.2.379 Published: 01 October 1994
Losing the Arctic: the U.S. corporate community, the national-security state, and climate change (2016)

Global warming is transforming the Arctic. This study presents an analysis of prominent think tank and U.S. national security strategy documents in order to explore how both the corporate community and the U.S. government are responding to changes in the region. While sociologists have paid a great deal of attention to think tanks and climate denialism, this study introduces the term climate opportunism to describe how important segments within the corporate community and the U.S. government are planning to take advantage of Arctic warming in order to promote economic growth and to extend territorial control. By so doing, this study suggests that, while capitalism and militarism are often treated as analytically distinct in the sociological literature, the corporate community and the military often depend upon one another and plan accordingly. Finally, the research findings reported here indicate that, as is consistent with much theory in environmental sociology, the expansionary logics of capitalism and militarism will have severe consequences for the Arctic environment.
<title>FELIX: a volumetric 3D laser display</title> (1996)

In this paper, an innovative approach of a true 3D image presentation in a space filling, volumetric laser display will be described. The introduced prototype system is based on a moving target screen that sweeps the display volume. Net result is the optical equivalent of a 3D array of image points illuminated to form a model of the object which occupies a physical space. Wireframe graphics are presented within the display volume which a group of people can walk around and examine simultaneously from nearly any orientation and without any visual aids. Further to the detailed vector scanning mode, a raster scanned system and a combination of both techniques are under development. The volumetric 3D laser display technology for true reproduction of spatial images can tremendously improve the viewers ability to interpret data and to reliably determine distance, shape and orientation. Possible applications for this development range from air traffic control, where moving blips of light represent individual aircrafts in a true to scale projected airspace of an airport, to various medical applications (e.g. electrocardiography, computer-tomography), to entertainment and education visualization as well as imaging in the field of engineering and Computer Aided Design.
Sensitivity, polarity, and conductance change in the response of vertebrate hair cells to controlled mechanical stimuli. (1977)

Hair cells, the primary receptors of the auditory, vestibular, and lateral-line sensory systems, produce electrical signals in response to mechanical stimulation of their apical hair bundles. We employed an in vitro preparation and intracellular recording to investigate the transduction mechanism of hair cells in the sacculus from the inner ear of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). When stimulated directly by mechanical deflection of their hair bundles, these cells gave graded responses up to 15 mV in amplitude; the peak sensitivity was about 20 mV/micron deflection. The depolarizing component of the receptor potential corresponding to stimuli directed towards the kinocilium. Depolarizing responses were associated with a membrane resistance decrease, and hyperpolarizing responses with a resistance increase. Action potentials, possibly calcium spikes, were occasionally evoked in hair cells by mechanical or electrical stimulation.
Power integrated circuits: devices and applications (2003)

This paper is concerned with recent trends in high voltage devices for integrated circuits and prospective industrial applications of high voltage power integrated circuits. New device concepts are explored in comparison with classical LDMOSFETs and LIGBTs. Alternative technologies to the conventional junction-isolation technology, such as high voltage SOI technology are also briefly analysed.
Towards a secure and efficient system for end-to-end provenance (2010)

Work on the End-to-End Provenance System (EEPS) began in the late summer of 2009. The EEPS effort seeks to explore the three central questions in provenance systems: (1) Where and how do I design secure host-level provenance collecting instruments (called provenance monitors)?; (2) How do I extend completeness and accuracy guarantees to distributed systems and computations?; and (3) What are the costs associated with provenance collection? This position paper discusses our initial exploration into these issues and posits several challenges to the realization of the EEPS vision.
A program understanding support environment (1989)

Software maintenance represents the largest cost element in the life of a software system, and the process of understanding the software system utilizes 50 percent of the time spent on software maintenance. Thus there is a need for tools to aid the program understanding task. The tool described in this paper—program UNderstanding Support environment (PUNS)—provides the needed environment. Here the program understanding task is supported with multiple views of the program and a simple strategy for moving between views and exploring a particular view in depth. PUNS consists of a repository component that loads and manages a repository of information about the program to be understood and a user interface component that presents the information in the repository, utilizing graphics to emphasize the relationships and allowing the user to move among the pieces of information quickly and easily.
Optimal design methodologies for configuration of supply chains (2005)

This paper describes a methodology developed for designing an optimal configuration for a supply chain. A typical configuration for a supply chain consists of defining components of the system, assigning values to characteristics parameters of each component and setting operation policies for governing the interrelationships among these components. As such, each configuration will be defined by a set of values for quantitative parameters of the system as well as a set of policy and qualitative characteristics. Examples of quantitative variable include inventory levels and frequency of ordering where as location of distribution centres and mode of transportation between suppliers and the original equipment manufacturers (OEM) are the decision variables of policy and qualitative nature. The methodology presented here consists of a supply chain model builder coupled with two optimisation algorithms that automatically build a sequence of configurations that systematically move towards an optimum design. A combination of mixed integer programming and a genetic algorithm is used to determine simultaneously the values of quantitative as well as policy variables. The solution consists of strategic decisions regarding facility locations, stocking locations, supplier selection, production policies, production capacities, and transportation modes.
Paramagnetic relaxation of nuclear singlet states (2011)

Nuclear singlet states often display lifetimes that are much longer than conventional nuclear spin relaxation times. Here we investigate the effect of dissolved paramagnetic species on the singlet relaxation of proton pairs in solution. We find a linear correlation between the singlet relaxation rate constant T and the longitudinal relaxation rate constant T. The slope of the correlation depends on the nature of the paramagnetic relaxation agent, but typically, singlet states are between two to three times less sensitive to paramagnetic relaxation than conventional nuclear magnetization. These observations may be interpreted using a model of partially-correlated local fields acting on the nuclear sites. We explore the effect on singlet relaxation of adding a metal-ion-chelating agent to the solution. We also investigate the effect of ascorbate, which reacts with dissolved oxygen.
Nitric oxide synthesis serves to reduce hepatic damage during acute murine endotoxemia (1992)

Nitric oxide synthesis provides a protective function against lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury that increases in importance as the degree of endotoxemia increases. The production of nitric oxide is, therefore, an important part of the liver's response to a systemic inflammatory stimulus.
Space–time coupling of shaped ultrafast ultraviolet pulses from an acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter (2010)

A comprehensive experimental analysis of spatiotemporal coupling effects inherent to the acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter (AOPDF) is presented. Phase and amplitude measurements of the AOPDF transfer function are performed using spatially and spectrally resolved interferometry. Spatiotemporal and spatio-spectral coupling effects are presented for a range of shaped pulses that are commonly used in quantum control experiments. These effects are shown to be attributable to a single mechanism: a group-delay-dependent displacement of the shaped pulse. The physical mechanism is explained, and excellent quantitative agreement between the measured and calculated coupling speed is obtained. The implications for quantum control experiments are discussed.
Vertically Aligned MoS<sub>2</sub>/Mo<sub>2</sub>C hybrid Nanosheets Grown on Carbon Paper for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution (2017)

Maximizing and creating active sites has been a general strategy to increase the performance of a catalyst. Because of the high electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reactivity (HER) of ultrafine Mo2C nanocrystals and edges of two-dimensional MoS2, an electrode with a synergistic integration of these two nanomaterials is expected to show a better HER performance. Here we report this hybrid nanostructure of vertically aligned MoS2/Mo2C nanosheets on conductive carbon paper. It was revealed that the original structure of MoS2 nanosheets remains intact after the carburization, but the surfaces are incorporated with either Mo2C nanodomains or a heteroatomic mixture of S and C. The hybrid catalyst exhibits a much lower HER overpotential in comparison to those of the corresponding Mo2C and MoS2 alone. Its high activity is congruent with DFT calculations, which show that multiple S and C coordinated Mo sites with near zero Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption exist. Thus, the low overpotential of this binder-free hybrid catalyst is a result of active sites of Mo–S–C and highly dispersed Mo2C nanodomains on the original edges and basal planes of MoS2. Our prediction and realization of active HER sites with this hybrid two-dimensional nanostructure opens up a route toward the development of more active HER catalysts.
Chemical compositions, chromatographic fingerprints and antioxidant activities of Citri Exocarpium Rubrum (Juhong) (2017)

An HPLC-UV-MS method was developed and validated after a detailed investigation on extraction of chemical compounds from CER using different solvents and extraction times. None of the peaks was correlated with the DPPH free radical scavenging activity or ferric reducing capacity. Most of the peaks were correlated well with the ABTS radical scavenging capacity.
Fiber optic subscriber systems (1992)

The introduction of fiber subscriber systems is assessed from the viewpoints of incentives for the network operator, merits for the users, and the expansion of the social infrastructure. The design of point-to-multipoint transmission system, which will be applied to fiber-to-the-home and fiber-to-the-floor systems, are presented. It is shown that the penetration of these systems depends on new service demand, especially for FTTH. Service development and system development are both essential.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Identification of Novel Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Antagonists by Using Virtual Screening with a Pharmacophore Model (2008)

CB1 receptor antagonists have proven to be clinically effective in treating obesity and related disorders. We report here the identification of a novel class of azetidinone CB1 antagonists by using virtual screening methods. For this purpose, we developed a pharmacophore model based on known representative CB1 antagonists and employed it to screen a database of about a half million Schering-Plough compounds. We applied a stepwise filtering protocol based on molecular weight, compound availability, and a modified rule-of-five to reduce the number of hits. We then combined Bayesian modeling and clustering techniques to select a final set of 420 compounds for in vitro testing. Five compounds were found to have >50% inhibition at 100 nM in a CB1 competitive binding assay and were further characterized by using both CB1 and CB2 assays. The most potent compound has a CB1 K i of 53 nM and >5-fold selectivity against the CB2 receptor.
Spectronaut A fast and efficient algorithm for MRM-like processing of data independent acquisition (SWATH-MS) data (2012)

recently been shown that targeted analysis of data independently acquired (DIA) peptide fragment ion spectra (SWATH-MS) has the potential to combine the scale of shotgun proteomics with the analytical accuracy of MRM [1]. We have developed the software Spectronaut for analysis of high content datasets which are typically produced in DIA mode. Spectronaut adapts algorithms of mProphet [2] providing fast and efficient processing of DIA data and accurate error statistics.
Differential Responses of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> rRNA Promoters to Nutritional Stress (2010)

The in vivo expression levels of four rRNA promoter pairs (rrnp(1)p(2)) of Bacillus subtilis were determined by employing single-copy lacZ fusions integrated at the amyE locus. The rrnO, rrnJ, rrnD, and rrnB promoters displayed unique growth rate regulation and stringent responses. Both lacZ activity and mRNA levels were highest for rrnO under all growth conditions tested, while rrnJ, rrnB, and rrnD showed decreasing levels of activity. During amino acid starvation induced by serine hydroxamate (SHX), only the strong rrnO and rrnJ promoters demonstrated stringent responses. Under the growth conditions used, the rrn promoters showed responses similar to the responses to carbon source limitation induced by α-methyl glucoside (α-MG). The ratio of P2 to P1 transcripts, determined by primer extension analysis, was high for the strong rrnO and rrnJ promoters, while only P2 transcripts were detected for the weak rrnD and rrnB promoters. Cloned P1 or P2 promoter fragments of rrnO or rrnJ were differentially regulated. In wild-type (relA(+)) and suppressor [relA(S)] strains under the conditions tested, only P2 responded to carbon source limitation by a decrease in RNA synthesis, correlating with an increase in (p)ppGpp levels and a decrease in the GTP concentration. The weak P1 promoter elements remain relaxed in the three genetic backgrounds [relA(+), relA, relA(S)] in the presence of α-MG. During amino acid starvation, P2 was stringently regulated in relA(+) and relA(S) cells, while only rrnJp(1) was also regulated, but to a lesser extent. Both the relA(+) and relA(S) strains showed (p)ppGpp accumulation after α-MG treatment but not after SHX treatment. These data reveal the complex nature of B. subtilis rrn promoter regulation in response to stress, and they suggest that the P2 promoters may play a more prominent role in the stringent response.
Exonuclease Domain of the Lassa Virus Nucleoprotein Is Critical To Avoid RIG-I Signaling and To Inhibit the Innate Immune Response (2014)

Lassa virus (LASV), which causes a viral hemorrhagic fever, inhibits the innate immune response. The exonuclease (ExoN) domain of its nucleoprotein (NP) is implicated in the suppression of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling. We show here that a LASV in which ExoN function has been abolished strongly activates innate immunity and that this effect is dependent on RIG-I signaling. These results highlight the key role of NP ExoN function in the immune evasion that occurs during LASV infection.
Modeling Language Variation and Universals: A Survey on Typological Linguistics for Natural Language Processing (2019)

Linguistic typology aims to capture structural and semantic variation across the world’s languages. A large-scale typology could provide excellent guidance for multilingual Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly for languages that suffer from the lack of human labeled resources. We present an extensive literature survey on the use of typological information in the development of NLP techniques. Our survey demonstrates that to date, the use of information in existing typological databases has resulted in consistent but modest improvements in system performance. We show that this is due to both intrinsic limitations of databases (in terms of coverage and feature granularity) and under-utilization of the typological features included in them. We advocate for a new approach that adapts the broad and discrete nature of typological categories to the contextual and continuous nature of machine learning algorithms used in contemporary NLP. In particular, we suggest that such an approach could be facilitated by recent developments in data-driven induction of typological knowledge.