gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hypersensitivity of Vestibular System to Sound and Pseudoconductive Hearing Loss in Deaf Patients (2014)

The objective of this cross-sectional study is to compare bone-conducted low-frequency hearing thresholds (BClf) to cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) findings in prelingual adult deaf patients. The fifty participants (100 ears) included twenty healthy controls and thirty other subjects selected from patients who presented with bilateral prelingual deafness to Department of Audiology of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services (Hamadan, Iran). Assessments comprised of audiological evaluations, cVEMPs, and computerized tomography scans. Twenty deaf patients (forty affected ears) with bilateral decreased vestibular excitability as detected by abnormal cVEMPs revealed that BClf hearing thresholds were completely absent. Ten deaf patients (twenty unaffected ears) with normal cVEMPs reported a sensation of the sound at BClf hearing thresholds (the mean for 250 Hz=41 dBHL and for 500 Hz=57.75 dBHL). Multiple comparisons of mean p 13 latencies, mean n23 latencies and peak-to-peak amplitudes between three groups were significant (P = 0.01 for all, one-way ANOVA test). Multiple Comparisons of mean BClf between three groups were significant (P = 0.00, One-way ANOVA test). Conclusion. Hypersensitivity of vestibular system to sound augments BClf hearing thresholds in deaf patients. The sensation of the sound at low frequencies may be present in patients with total deafness and normal vestibular function (predominantly saccule). This improvement disappears when saccular function is lost.
Fe-implantation for rear-facet coatings of InP-based quantum cascade lasers (2008)

Fe-implantation is used to create a high-resistivity layer at the rear facet of an InP-based quantum cascade laser (λ=3.9 µm), subsequently coated with a metallisation of Cr (5 nm) and Au (200 nm). The coatings lead to a 3.7-fold increase of front-facet power and a 20–30% reduction in threshold current density compared to uncoated lasers.
System control of large scale wind power by use of automatic generation control (AGC) (2003)

This paper is discussing application of automatic generation control to wind power farms. In the new energy market solution, producers are required to keep their balance within the market interval - typically 24 one hour intervals over the day. Keeping the balance simply mean that generation must meet contract volumes and given market interchanges for each hour. Deviations are paid for and may represent a large expense. Proper control schemes is therefore developed to manage the imbalance. Wind power represents a variable energy source. Hence unpredictable wind variations may contribute to the imbalance, and should therefore be included in the control schemes. This paper is discussing the issues related to this kind of control, and presents a methodology for implementing it.
Universal Zero-Delay Joint Source–Channel Coding (2006)

We consider zero-delay joint source-channel coding of individual source sequences for a general known channel. Given an arbitrary finite set of schemes with finite-memory (not necessarily time-invariant) decoders, a scheme is devised that does essentially as well as the best in the set on all individual source sequences. Using this scheme, we construct a universal zero-delay joint source-channel coding scheme that is guaranteed to achieve, asymptotically, the performance of the best zero-delay encoding-decoding scheme with a finite-state encoder and a Markov decoder, on all individual sequences. For the case where the channel is a discrete memoryless channel (DMC), we construct an implementable zero-delay joint source-channel coding scheme that is based on the "follow the perturbed leader" scheme of Gyoumlrgy for lossy source coding of individual sequences. Our scheme is guaranteed to attain asymptotically the performance of the best in the set of all encoding-decoding schemes with a "symbol-by-symbol" decoder (and arbitrary encoder), on all individual sequences
Intragastric Balloon Treatment for Obesity: What Does It Really Offer? (2007)

Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder with considerable health risks, which can be approved by a sustained modest weight loss. This can be achieved by medical treatment through behavioral therapy, diet, exercise and pharmacotherapy. Surgery is often needed for the severely obese. Intragastric balloon treatment stands in between, being more drastic than medical treatment but less invasive than surgery. In the light of the high premature deflation rate and the high incidence of gastric ulcers, a safer balloon had to be awaited, constructed according to predefined criteria. This new balloon (BioEnterics Intragastric Balloon) promoted a weight loss of 5-9 BMI units in 6 months with an impressive improvement of obesity-associated comorbidities. A weight regain of 25-40% has to be considered in a 1-year balloon-free follow-up period. A failure rate of 15% was observed in studies that defined a successful weight loss. With respect to safety, there was no mortality. Gastrointestinal complications, mainly consisting of esophagitis, were present in 5.5%. Intolerance of the balloon resulted in its removal in 7%. Balloons deflated in 8% with an uneventful outcome in all except 5 patients, who had to be operated. Balloon treatment is a valuable method, but nonresponse, intolerance and weight regain have to be taken into account.
Secretome of apoptotic peripheral blood cells (APOSEC) confers cytoprotection to cardiomyocytes and inhibits tissue remodelling after acute myocardial infarction: a preclinical study (2011)

Heart failure following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Our previous observation that injection of apoptotic peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) suspensions was able to restore long-term cardiac function in a rat AMI model prompted us to study the effect of soluble factors derived from apoptotic PBMC on ventricular remodelling after AMI. Cell culture supernatants derived from irradiated apoptotic peripheral blood mononuclear cells (APOSEC) were collected and injected as a single dose intravenously after myocardial infarction in an experimental AMI rat model and in a porcine closed chest reperfused AMI model. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography were used to quantitate cardiac function. Analysis of soluble factors present in APOSEC was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and activation of signalling cascades in human cardiomyocytes by APOSEC in vitro was studied by immunoblot analysis. Intravenous administration of a single dose of APOSEC resulted in a reduction of scar tissue formation in both AMI models. In the porcine reperfused AMI model, APOSEC led to higher values of ejection fraction (57.0 vs. 40.5%, p < 0.01), a better cardiac output (4.0 vs. 2.4 l/min, p < 0.001) and a reduced extent of infarction size (12.6 vs. 6.9%, p < 0.02) as determined by MRI. Exposure of primary human cardiac myocytes with APOSEC in vitro triggered the activation of pro-survival signalling-cascades (AKT, Erk1/2, CREB, c-Jun), increased anti-apoptotic gene products (Bcl-2, BAG1) and protected them from starvation-induced cell death. Intravenous infusion of culture supernatant of apoptotic PBMC attenuates myocardial remodelling in experimental AMI models. This effect is probably due to the activation of pro-survival signalling cascades in the affected cardiomyocytes.
Liste récapitulative des références bibliographiques (2003)

AEI-INDIA, 1999 - Internationalisation of Higher Education and Operation of Foreign Universities in India : An Australian Perspective. 26 Nov., New Delhi, Australian Education International. Aguirre R., Batthyany K. (coord.), 2001 - Trabajo, género y ciudadania en los paises del Cono Sur. Montevideo : Oficina Internacional del Trabajo, Cinterfor, 387 p. Ahmed I. I., 2000 - Remittances and their Economic Impact in Post-war Somaliland. Disasters, 24 (4) : 380-389. Alibinia A., 2000 - The Great ...
Albumin dialysis using the molecular adsorbent recirculating system (2001)

Liver support systems based on either dialysis, filtration, and adsorption or plasmaperfusion over hepatocytes have been tested clinically with varying success. A new approach in this field is the selective removal of albumin-bound end products of metabolism. This can be achieved in a high-flux dialysis setting by the addition of human serum albumin as a molecular adsorbent to the dialysate with subsequent recirculation of the dialysate over sorbents (molecular adsorbent recirculating system). The current knowledge about the albumin dialysis molecular adsorbent recirculating system is reviewed in this article.
Realistic 3-D scene modeling from uncalibrated image sequences (1999)

This paper addresses the problem of obtaining photo-realistic 3D models of a scene from images alone with a structure-from-motion approach. The 3D scene is observed from multiple viewpoints by freely moving a camera around the object. No restrictions on camera movement and interval camera parameters like zoom are imposed, as the camera pose and intrinsic parameters are calibrated from the sequence. The only restrictions on the scene content are the rigidity of the scene objects and opaque, piecewise smooth object surfaces. The approach operates independently of object scale and requires only a single low-cost consumer photo or video camera. The modeling system described here uses a three-step approach. First, the camera pose and intrinsic parameters are calibrated on-line by tracking salient feature points between the different views. Next, consecutive images of the sequence are treated as stereoscopic image pairs and dense correspondence maps are computed by area matching. Finally, dense and accurate depth maps are computed by linking together all correspondences over the viewpoints. The depth maps are converted to triangular surfaces meshes that are texture mapped for photo-realistic appearance. The resulting surface models are stored in VRML-format for easy exchange and visualization. The feasibility of the approach has been tested extensively and will be illustrated on several real scenes. In particular we will demonstrate the generation of realistic 3D models for a virtual exhibition of the archaeological excavation site in Sagalassos, Turkey.
Anti-CRISPR-mediated control of gene editing and synthetic circuits in eukaryotic cells (2019)

Repurposed CRISPR-Cas molecules provide a useful tool set for broad applications of genomic editing and regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Recent discovery of phage-derived proteins, anti-CRISPRs, which serve to abrogate natural CRISPR anti-phage activity, potentially expands the ability to build synthetic CRISPR-mediated circuits. Here, we characterize a panel of anti-CRISPR molecules for expanded applications to counteract CRISPR-mediated gene activation and repression of reporter and endogenous genes in various cell types. We demonstrate that cells pre-engineered with anti-CRISPR molecules become resistant to gene editing, thus providing a means to generate "write-protected" cells that prevent future gene editing. We further show that anti-CRISPRs can be used to control CRISPR-based gene regulation circuits, including implementation of a pulse generator circuit in mammalian cells. Our work suggests that anti-CRISPR proteins should serve as widely applicable tools for synthetic systems regulating the behavior of eukaryotic cells.
Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase‐related molecule with a catalytic region homologous to c‐ <i>met</i> (1992)

Receptor tyrosine kinases mediate a range of growth and differentiation processes in multiple biological systems. In this work, we report the identification of a novel tyrosine kinase-related molecule, nyk-r, and the molecular cloning of its complete cDNA. Its extra-cellular domain bears no apparent homology with other receptor families, but its intracellular kinase-related region has considerable similarity with members of the insulin-receptor family such as c-met and trk B. Also, the nyk-r gene is expressed in a wide range of tissues and cell lines.
Automated Data Augmentation Services Using Text Mining, Data Cleansing and Web Crawling Techniques (2008)

There is a large amount of information about celebrities spread all over the web hidden inside innumerable news and blogs, pictures on Flickr or videos on YouTube. Having this information combined and aggregated would be of great benefit to many customers. In this document we will describe the architecture and the (business) value of a system that not only collates information pre-formatted by other web services but also provides a self-developed named entity recognition algorithm for extracting the names of celebrities from different data sources and then processes and enriches them by our mash-up application.
Characteristics of seasonal influenza A and B in Latin America: Influenza surveillance data from ten countries (2017)

We found that good influenza surveillance data exists in Latin America, although improvements can still be made (e.g. a better characterization of influenza B specimens); that influenza B plays a considerable role in the seasonal influenza burden; and that there is substantial heterogeneity of spatio-temporal patterns of influenza epidemics. To improve the effectiveness of influenza control measures in Latin America, tropical climate countries may need to develop innovative prevention strategies specifically tailored to the spatio-temporal patterns of influenza in this region.
A Fusion Protein Consisting of IL-16 and the Encephalitogenic Peptide of Myelin Basic Protein Constitutes an Antigen-Specific Tolerogenic Vaccine That Inhibits Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2007)

To test a novel concept for the generation of tolerogenic vaccines, fusion proteins were constructed encompassing a tolerogenic or biasing cytokine and the major encephalitogenic peptide of guinea pig myelin basic protein (GPMBP; i.e., neuroantigen or NAg). The cytokine domain was predicted to condition APC while simultaneously targeting the covalently linked encephalitogenic peptide to the MHC class II Ag processing pathway of those conditioned APC. Rats were given three s.c. injections of cytokine-NAg in saline 1-2 wk apart and then at least 1 wk later were challenged with NAg in CFA. The rank order of tolerogenic activity in the Lewis rat model of EAE was NAgIL16 > IL2NAg > IL1RA-NAg, IL13NAg >or= IL10NAg, GPMBP, GP69-88, and saline. NAgIL16 was also an effective inhibitor of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis when administered after an encephalitogenic challenge during the onset of clinical signs. Covalent linkage of the NAg and IL-16 was required for inhibition of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. These data identify IL-16 as an optimal cytokine partner for the generation of tolerogenic vaccines and indicate that such vaccines may serve as Ag-specific tolerogens for the treatment of autoimmune disease.
Crystal structure of human immunoglobulin fragment Fab new refined at 2.0 Å esolution (1992)

The three-dimensional structure of the human immunoglobulin fragment Fab New (IgG1, lambda) has been refined to a crystallographic R-factor of 16.9% to 2 A resolution. Rms deviations of the final model from ideal geometry are 0.014 A for bond distances and 3.03 degrees for bond angles. Refinement was based on a new X-ray data set including 28,301 reflections with F > 2.5 sigma(F) from 6.0 to 2.0 A resolution. The starting model for the refinement procedure reported here is from the Brookhaven Protein Data Bank entry 3FAB (rev. 1981). Differences between the initial and final models include modified polypeptide-chain folding in the third complementarity-determining region (CDR3) and the third framework region (FR3) of VH and in some exposed loops of CL and CH1. Amino acid sequence changes were determined at a number of positions by inspection of difference electron density maps. The incorporation of amino acid sequence changes results in an improved VH framework model for the "humanization" of monoclonal antibodies.
<title>Mapping of photon distribution and imaging of MR-derived anatomically accurate optical models of the female breast</title> (1995)

We have computed optical images of the female breast based on analysis of tomographic data obtained from simulated time-independent optical measurements of anatomically accurate maps derived from segmented 3D magnetic resonance (MR) images. Images were segmented according to the measured MR contrast levels for fat and parenchymal tissue from T1 weighted acquisitions. Computed images were obtained from analysis of solutions to the forward problem for breasts containing 'added pathologies', representing tumors, to breasts lacking these inclusions. Both breast size and its optical properties have been examined in tissue. In each case, two small simulated tumors were 'added' to the background issue. Values of absorption and scattering coefficients of the tumors have been examined that are both greater and less than the surrounding tissue. Detector responses and the required imaging operators were computed by numerically solving the diffusion equation for inhomogeneous media. Detectors were distributed uniformly, in a circular fashion, around the breast in a plane positioned parallel and half-way between the chest wall and the nipple. A total of 20 sources were used, and for each 20 detectors. Reconstructed images were obtained by solving a linear perturbation equation derived from transport theory. Three algorithms were tested to solve the perturbation equation and include, the methods of conjugate gradient decent (CGD), projection onto convex sets (POCS), and simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART). Results obtained showed that in each case, high quality reconstructions were obtained. The computed images correctly resolved and identified the spatial position of the two tumors. Additional studies showed that computed images were stable to large systematic errors in the imaging operators and to added noise. Further, examination of the computed detector readings indicate that images of tissue up to approximately 10 cm in thickness should be possible. The results reported are the first to demonstrate that high quality images of small added inclusions can be obtained from anatomically accurate models of thick tissues having arbitrary boundaries based on the analysis of diffusely sscattered light.
Cost-Effective EEG Signal Acquisition and Recording System (2012)

This paper describes a viable, low cost Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal acquisition device which collects and records the signals in the desktop computer using DSP Processor DS-1104. The main considerations while making such a device are simplicity, ease of use and applicability. The uniqueness of this device is that it uses only three electrodes while most other systems use the 10-20 system of electrode placement which requires 21 electrodes. But the reduction in electrodes must not invalidate the output of the system, which is the EEG signal. For this reason, it is critical that the electrodes are placed in the scalp location where we can observe distinguishable change in the various wave patterns of the EEG signal. The main circuit is made of simple electronic elements. The circuit consists of an amplifier, filter and an opto-isolator. In this paper, EEG signal acquisition principles are discussed, applied, and some suggestions for improving signal acquisition are presented.
Pharmacological activation of PPARβ promotes rapid and calcineurin-dependent fiber remodeling and angiogenesis in mouse skeletal muscle (2008)

Recent studies have shown that administration of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta (PPARbeta) agonists enhances fatty acid oxidation in rodent and human skeletal muscle and that muscle-restricted PPARbeta overexpression affects muscle metabolic profile by increasing oxidative myofiber number, which raises the possibility that PPARbeta agonists alter muscle morphology in adult animals. This possibility was examined in this study in which adult mice were treated with a PPARbeta agonist, and the resulting changes in myofiber metabolic phenotype and angiogenesis were quantified in tibialis anterior muscles. The findings indicate a muscle remodeling that is completed within 2 days and is characterized by a 1.63-fold increase in oxidative fiber number and by a 1.55-fold increase in capillary number. These changes were associated with a quick and transient upregulation of myogenic and angiogenic markers. Both myogenic and angiogenic responses were dependent on the calcineurin pathway, as they were blunted by cyclosporine A administration. In conclusion, the data indicate that PPARbeta activation is associated with a calcineurin-dependent effect on muscle morphology that enhances the oxidative phenotype.
Opportunistic User Scheduling and Antenna Selection in the Downlink of Multiuser MISO Systems (2005)

We consider the downlink of multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) wireless systems, where the base station is equipped with multiple antennas and each mobile user is constrained to a single antenna. In particular, we consider linear preceded systems such that the single antenna receivers do not have to estimate the channel, but only scale and quantize the received data. In this scenario, we propose low complexity opportunistic user scheduling and antenna selection algorithms. The highly complex optimal scheduling and antenna selection algorithms are first derived, and then, low complexity greedy optimization algorithms are proposed. It is shown that the proposed algorithms obtain near optimal performance.
The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2013 (2015)

This report of the European Food Safety Authority and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of the zoonoses monitoring activities carried out in 2013 in 32 European countries (28 Member States and four non-Member States). Campylobacteriosis was the most commonly reported zoonosis. After several years of an increasing European Union (EU) trend, the human campylobacteriosis notification rate has stabilised. In food and animals no EU trends were observed and the occurrence of Campylobacter continued to be high in broiler meat at EU level. The decreasing EU trend in confirmed human salmonellosis cases observed in recent years continued. Most Member States met their Salmonella reduction targets for poultry. In foodstuffs, the reported EU-level Salmonella non-compliance in fresh poultry meat decreased. Human listeriosis increased further, showing an increasing EU trend in 2009-2013. In ready-to-eat foods Listeria was seldom detected above the legal safety limit. Also during 2009-2013, a decreasing EU trend was observed in confirmed yersiniosis cases. Positive findings for Yersinia were mainly reported in pig meat and products thereof. The number of confirmed verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) infections in humans increased. VTEC was reported from food and animals. A total of 5,196 food-borne outbreaks, including water-borne outbreaks, were reported in the EU. Most food-borne outbreaks were caused by Salmonella, followed by viruses, bacterial toxins and Campylobacter, whereas in 28.9 % of all outbreaks the causative agent was unknown. Important food vehicles in strong-evidence food-borne outbreaks were eggs and egg products, followed by mixed food, and fish and fish products. The report further summarises trends and sources along the food chain of tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis, Brucella, Trichinella, Echinococcus, Toxoplasma, rabies, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever), West Nile Virus and tularaemia.