gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Initial Fixation Strength of Modified Patellar Tendon Grafts for Anatomic Fixation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (1999)

Recently it has been shown that anatomic tibial graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is preferable in order to increase isometry and knee stability. To facilitate anatomic patellar tendon graft fixation, customized graft length shortening is necessary. The purpose of this study was to compare the initial fixation strength of four different shortened patellar tendon grafts including three bone plug flip techniques and direct patellar tendon-to-bone interference fit fixation in a model with standardized bone density. Ninety calf tibial plateaus (22 to 24 weeks old) with adjacent patella and extensor ligaments were used. Tendon grafts were shortened by flipping the bone plug over the tendon leaving a tendon-tendon-bone (TTB) construct and, as the first modification in the opposite direction resulting in a tendon-bone-tendon (TBT) construct. The second modification consisted of the TBT construct with interference screw position at the lateral aspect of the bone plug (TBTlat). As the fourth modification the tendon graft was directly fixed (Tdirect) with an interference screw. In addition, a round-threaded titanium (RCI; Smith & Nephew DonJoy, Carlsbad, CA), a round-threaded biodegradable screw (Sysorb; Sulzer Orthopedics, Münsingen, Switzerland), and a conventional titanium interference screw (Arthrex Inc, Naples, FL) were compared. We found that TTB (mean 441 N for biodegradable screw, 357 N for RCI screw, 384 N for conventional screw) and TBT (mean 407 N for biodegradable screw, 204 N for RCI screw, 392 N for conventional screw) construct fixation achieves comparable fixation strength, although failure in the TTB was due to tendon strip off at its ligamentous insertion. The highest failure load was found in TBTlat fixation (mean 610 N for biodegradable screw, 479 N for RCI screw). Therefore, this technique should be recommended when using a tendon flip technique. The failure load for Tdirect fixation (mean 437 N for biodegradable screw, 364 N for RCI screw) was similar to that of TTB and TBT fixation, which may indicate that a patellar-tendon graft harvested without its patellar bone plug and directly fixed with an interference screw is equivalent to a flipped graft. This may additionally reduce harvest site morbidity and eliminates the risk of patellar fracture. The fixation strength of round-threaded biodegradable and conventional titanium interference screws was similar, whereas that of round-threaded titanium screws was significantly lower in the patellar tendon flip-techniques. However, it should be taken into consideration that round-threaded titanium screws are proposed for direct tendon-to-bone fixation.
Treatment of arrhythmias during pregnancy. (2003)

During pregnancy, significant changes occur in the hormonal and hemodynamic state of women that make arrhythmias more likely to occur. Palpitations are frequently reported, but are usually found to be associated with sinus tachycardia. The incidence of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is increased during pregnancy, whereas atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia are rarely seen. Women with long QT syndrome experience significantly more cardiac events in the postpartum period, making beta-blocker therapy most important during this time. Acute treatment of arrhythmias for pregnant women is much the same as that for nonpregnant patients. However, chronic drug therapy during pregnancy should be reserved for only the frequent, hemodynamically significant arrhythmia episodes.
Homeotropic Alignment of Lyotropic Chromonic Liquid Crystals Using Noncovalent Interactions (2014)

We report on the homeotropic alignment of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs). Homeotropic anchoring of LCLCs is difficult to achieve, and this challenge has limited development of applications for LCLCs. In this work, homeotropic alignment is achieved using noncovalent interactions between the LCLC molecules and various alignment layers including graphene, parylene films, poly(methyl methacrylate) films, and fluoropolymer films. The LCLC molecules are unique in that they self-assemble via noncovalent interactions in water into elongated aggregates which, in turn, form nematic and columnar liquid crystal (LC) phases. Here we exploit these same noncovalent interactions to induce homeotropic anchoring of the nematic LCLC. Homeotropic alignment is confirmed by polarized optical microscopy and conoscopy. We also report on novel transient stripe textures that occur when an initial flow-induced planar alignment transforms into the equilibrium homeotropic alignment required by boundary conditions. An understanding of this behavior could be important for switching applications.
Signal Transduction in Human Embryo Implantation (2007)

Determining the molecular mechanism of human embryo implantation is an extremely challenging task due to the limitation of materials and significant differences in this process among mammalian species. Trophinin has been identified as an apical cell adhesion molecule with potential involvement in human embryo implantation. We found that trophinin-mediated cell adhesion triggers signal transduction in human trophoblastic cells for proliferation and invasion, implicating in trophectoderm cell activation for placental formation. Prior to cell adhesion trophinin arrests ErbB4 by binding through bystin, which prevents ErbB4 from activation. Trophinin-mediated cell adhesion causes dissociation of bystin from trophinin, freeing ErbB4 from arrest and enabling tyrosine phosphorylation. Therefore trophinin functions as an adhesion molecule on the cell surface and as a molecular switch for trophoblast activation in the cytoplasm.
Response of Th17 cells to a citrullinated arthritogenic aggrecan peptide in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2009)

Proinflammatory T cell responses to stimulation with a citrullinated arthritogenic aggrecan peptide were detected in RA patients but not in healthy individuals, suggesting a role for these autoantigen-specific T cells in the pathogenesis of RA. Our results suggest that the lack of response to the noncitrullinated analog peptide not only implicates the citrulline residue in T cell recognition but also highlights the potential value of citrullinated aggrecan peptide-specific responses as biomarkers of RA. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the presence of citrullinated antigen-specific T cells in human RA.
A Combinatorial Characterization of Higher-Dimensional Orthogonal Packing (2004)

Higher-dimensional orthogonal packing problems have a wide range of practical applications, including packing, cutting, and scheduling. Previous efforts for exact algorithms have been unable to avoid structural problems that appear for instance in two- or higher-dimensional space. We present a new approach for modeling packings, using a graph-theoretical characterization of feasible packings. Our characterization allows it to deal with classes of packings that share a certain combinatorial structure, instead of having to consider one packing at a time. In addition, we can make use of elegant algorithmic properties of certain classes of graphs. This allows our characterization to be the basis for a successful branch-and-bound framework. This is the first in a series of papers describing new approaches to higher-dimensional packing.
High Sequence Coverage of Proteins Isolated from Liquid Separations of Breast Cancer Cells Using Capillary Electrophoresis-Time-of-Flight MS and MALDI-TOF MS Mapping (2003)

A method has been developed for high sequence coverage analysis of proteins isolated from breast cancer cell lines. Intact proteins are isolated using multidimensional liquid-phase separations that permit the collection of individual protein fractions. Protein digests are then analyzed by both matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) peptide mass fingerprinting and by capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization (CE-ESI)-TOF MS peptide mapping. These methods can be readily interfaced to the relatively clean proteins resulting from liquid-phase fractionation of cell lysates with little sample preparation. Using combined sequence information provided by both mapping methods, 100% sequence coverage is often obtained for smaller proteins, while for larger proteins up to 75 kDa, over 90% coverage can be obtained. Furthermore, an accurate intact protein MW value (within 150 ppm) can be obtained from ESI-TOF MS. The intact MW together with high coverage sequence information provides accurate identification. More notably the high sequence coverage of CE-ESI-TOF MS together with the MS/MS information provided by the ion trap/reTOF MS elucidates posttranslational modifications, sequence changes, truncations, and isoforms that may otherwise go undetected when standard MALDI-MS peptide fingerprinting is used. This capability is critical in the analysis of human cancer cells where large numbers of expressed proteins are modified, and these modifications may play an important role in the cancer process.
Activation of Molecular Oxygen by a Molybdenum(IV) Imido Compound (2017)

Activation of molecular dioxygen at a molybdenum(IV) imido compound led to the isolation and full characterization of a remarkably stable transition-metal imidoperoxido complex.
Word confusability - measuring hidden Markov model similarity (2007)

We address the problem of word confusability in speech recognition by measuring the similarity between Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) using a number of recently developed techniques. The focus is on defining a word confusability that is accurate, in the sense of predicting artificial speech recognition errors, and computationally efficient when applied to speech recognition applications. It is shown by using the edit distance framework for HMMs that we can use statistical information measures of distances between probability distribution functions to define similarity or distance measures between HMMs. We use correlation between errors in a real speech recognizer and the HMM similarities to measure how well each technique works. We demonstrate significant improvements relative to traditional phone confusion weighted edit distance measures by use of a Bhattacharyya divergence-based edit distance. Index Terms: Bayes Error, Bhattacharyya divergence, variational methods, gaussian mixture models, unscented transformation, Kullback‐Leibler distance rate.
Effects of Laser Pulse Duration on Pulse Laser Micro Polishing (2012)

Pulsed laser micro polishing (PL?P) has been shown to be an effective method of polishing micro metallic parts whose surface roughness can approach the feature size. This paper will describe the influence of laser pulse duration on surface roughness reduction during PL?P. It will be shown that longer pulse durations attenuate longer wavelength features, with corresponding deeper yet small melt depths and that those pulse durations may result in convective flows, introducing additional short wavelength features, yet significantly reducing the average surface roughness. For this purpose, near-infrared laser pulses have been used to polish Ti6Al4V surfaces produced using the micro end milling process.
Structure of Escherichia coli Succinate:Quinone Oxidoreductase with an Occupied and Empty Quinone-binding Site (2009)

Three new structures of Escherichia coli succinate-quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) have been solved. One with the specific quinone-binding site (Q-site) inhibitor carboxin present has been solved at 2.4 A resolution and reveals how carboxin inhibits the Q-site. The other new structures are with the Q-site inhibitor pentachlorophenol and with an empty Q-site. These structures reveal important details unresolved in earlier structures. Comparison of the new SQR structures shows how subtle rearrangements of the quinone-binding site accommodate the different inhibitors. The position of conserved water molecules near the quinone binding pocket leads to a reassessment of possible water-mediated proton uptake networks that complete reduction of ubiquinone. The dicarboxylate-binding site in the soluble domain of SQR is highly similar to that seen in high resolution structures of avian SQR (PDB 2H88) and soluble flavocytochrome c (PDB 1QJD) showing mechanistically significant structural features conserved across prokaryotic and eukaryotic SQRs.
Maternal and offspring high-fat diet leads to platelet hyperactivation in male mice offspring (2021)

Maternal over-nutrition increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular events in offspring. While prominent effects on cardiovascular health are observed, the impact on platelet physiology has not been studied. Here, we examined whether maternal high-fat diet (HF) ingestion affects the platelet function in lean and obese offspring. C57BL6/N mice dams were given a HF or control (C) diet for 8 weeks before and during pregnancy. Male and female offspring received C or HF diets for 26 weeks. Experimental groups were: C/C, dam and offspring fed standard laboratory diet; C/HF dam fed standard laboratory diet and offspring fed HF diet; HF/C and HF/HF. Phenotypic and metabolic tests were performed and blood collected for platelet studies. Compared to C/C, offspring HF groups were obese, with fat accumulation, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance. Female offspring did not present platelet hyperactivity, hence we focused on male offspring. Platelets from HF/HF mice were larger, hyperactive and presented oxidative stress when compared to C/C. Maternal and offspring HF diet results in platelet hyperactivation in male mouse offspring, suggesting a novel 'double-hit' effect.
Effect of Methoxy Substituents on the Excited State Properties of Stilbene (2008)

Abstract Excited state properties of stilbenes having methoxy substituents at the ortho position of the phenyl ring have been studied and the remarkable methoxy substituent effect to suppress the fluorescence quantum yield depending on the number of methoxy substituent was observed. The fluorescence quantum yield of the trans isomer decreased with increasing number of methoxy substituents and 0.54 for trans-1, 0.13 for trans-2, and 0.011 for trans-3 in benzene.
ATP‐sensitive potassium channels in capillaries isolated from guinea‐pig heart (2000)

The full-length cDNAs of two different alpha-subunits (Kir6.1 and Kir6.2) and partial cDNAs of three different beta-subunits (SUR1, SUR2A and SUR2B) of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels of the guinea-pig (gp) were obtained by screening a cDNA library from the ventricle of guinea-pig heart. Cell-specific reverse-transcriptase PCR with gene-specific intron-spanning primers showed that gpKir6.1, gpKir6.2 and gpSUR2B were expressed in a purified fraction of capillary endothelial cells. In cardiomyocytes, gpKir6.1, gpKir6.2, gpSUR1 and gpSUR2A were detected. Patch-clamp measurements were carried out in isolated capillary fragments consisting of 3-15 endothelial cells. The membrane capacitance measured in the whole-cell mode was 19.9 +/- 1.0 pF and was independent of the length of the capillary fragment, which suggests that the endothelial cells were not electrically coupled under our experimental conditions. The perforated-patch technique was used to measure the steady-state current-voltage relation of capillary endothelial cells. Application of K+ channel openers (rilmakalim or diazoxide) or metabolic inhibition (250 microM 2,4-dinitrophenol plus 10 mM deoxyglucose) induced a current that reversed near the calculated K+ equilibrium potential. Rilmakalim (1 microM), diazoxide (300 microM) and metabolic inhibition increased the slope conductance measured at -55 mV by a factor of 9.0 (+/-1.8), 2.5 (+/-0.2) and 3.9 (+/-1.7), respectively. The effects were reversed by glibenclamide (1 microM). Our results suggest that capillary endothelial cells from guinea-pig heart express KATP channels composed of SUR2B and Kir6.1 and/or Kir6.2 subunits. The hyperpolarization elicited by the opening of KATP channels may lead to an increase in free cytosolic Ca2+, and thus modulate the synthesis of NO and the permeability of the capillary wall.
Thinking outside the box Professional development (2010)

Fundraising has never been more necessary than in the current economic climate, writes Anthony David. With the reduction of Professional Development Centres nationwide, smaller courses on Fundraising are falling by the wayside. This article gives you advice on rasing funds for your school, from the basics, to the best resources…
Modularized system architecture for flexible clinical laboratory systems (2002)

The increase in medical expenses resulting from longer life expectancy is an increasing serious social problem in Japan. Reducing the cost of clinical laboratory systems, increasing quality of service to patients, and safeguarding the health of hospital staff are important issues for hospitals. A flexible clinical laboratory system is needed to reduce system development cost. Automated clinical laboratory systems, for large and small hospitals alike, are needed in order to reduce waiting time and the risk of workers being exposed to infectious diseases. Flexible systems could meet all these needs. We have developed a modularized system architecture to provide a flexible clinical laboratory system. The hardware and software of the clinical and sample transfer equipment are modularized in this system. Each piece of equipment can autonomously decide where to transfer samples and how to process them. The clinical equipment works autonomously and can be added or suspended without influencing the other equipment. The transfer equipment is also autonomous, and the sample transfer lines can be changed easily in accordance with space limitations. We applied this modularized system architecture to a pre-analytical sample-handling system, and demonstrated its effectiveness. This system was developed by using equipment from different vendors, thus demonstrating that such a system can be easily built.
Bond strength of Panavia EX to dental amalgam. (1990)

The tensile bond strengths of Comspan (a conventional resin used with composite-bonded prostheses) and Panavia EX (a newer adhesive bonding material) to different types of amalgam were determined. The results were compared with the tensile bond strengths of these resins to etched bovine enamel and properly prepared Rexillium III. The results showed that all of the resin-amalgam bond strengths were statistically less than those of bonding resin to etched bovine enamel or Rexillium III. Coverage of existing amalgam restorations by the metal framework with etched-metal resin-bonded retainers is contraindicated when using either the conventional bonding agent or the new adhesive bonding material, Panavia EX.
空间政治学——评《后现代地理学》和《后现代性的条件》 (1992)

在过去的二十年里,激进的地理学家一直在悄悄地帮助我们理解空间在塑造资本主义过程中所扮演的角色。一度致力于研究“地区文化描述或距离经济分析”的地理学,已经开始在政治经济与文化中扮演角色了。新的地理学探讨如下问题:在资本主义经济
Experimental study of tail-span effects on a generic canard-controlled missile (1992)

An experimental investigation was conducted on a cruciform canard controlled missile configuration to determine the effects of tail span/canard span ratio on controllability. The investigation was conducted over the Mach number range of 1.75 to 3.50. Reductions of tail span/canard span ratio produced lower static margins and higher trim angle of attack. The results show that canard controls can provide pitch- and yaw-control as well as roll-control by proper selection of the tail span/canard span ratio.
A 16 Mb CMOS SRAM with a 2.3 mu m/sup 2/ single-bit-line memory cell (1993)

A 16-Mb CMOS SRAM (static random access memory) that uses a 2.3- mu m/sup 2/ single-bit-line poly-pMOS load memory cell is presented. A write/read architecture for a high-density poly-pMOS load (or poly-resistor load) single-bit-line cell is used. The single-bit-line cell reduces the cell area to two thirds that of a two-bit-line cell using the same metal process. The 16-Mb SRAM, a test chip for a 64-Mb SRAM, is fabricated in 0.25- mu m CMOS technology. The typical address access time is 15 ns at 2.5 V and 25 degrees C.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
The biocompatibility of parenteral vehicles--in vitro/in vivo screening comparison and the effect of excipients on hemolysis. (1988)

The hemolytic potential for a series of intravenous solutions was determined by an in vitro testing procedure; the solutions were subsequently administered intravenously to rats and evaluated for in vivo biocompatability. Each test solution contained an excipient from one or more of the following categories: nonaqueous cosolvents; complexing agents; surfactants. The test results indicate that the in vitro hemolysis values closely predict the in vivo test results. Further, a commonly used parenteral cosolvent, propylene glycol, was found to produce a large hemolytic response which can be alleviated by the addition of either a tonicifying agent or polyethylene glycol 400. These findings present useful information when formulating a parenteral vehicle utilizing an organic cosolvent.
1-Phenyl-4-benzoyl-1<i>H</i>-1,2,3-triazoles as Orally Bioavailable Transcriptional Function Suppressors of Estrogen-Related Receptor α (2013)

Estrogen-related receptor α is a potential candidate target for therapeutic treatment of breast cancer. We describe the discovery and structure-activity relationship study of a series of 1-phenyl-4-benzoyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles as novel suppressors of ERRα transcriptional functions. The most promising compound, 2-aminophenyl-(1-(3-isopropylphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methanone (14n), potently suppressed the transcriptional functions of ERRα with IC50 = 0.021 μM in a cell-based reporter gene assay and also decreased both the mRNA levels and the protein levels of ERRα and the downstream targets. This compound inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells with high level of ERRα. Preliminary pharmacokinetic studies suggested that it possessed a good pharmacokinetic profile with an oral bioavailability of 71.8%. The compounds may serve as novel small molecule probes for further validation of ERRα as a molecular target for anticancer drug development.
Contour Estimation by Array Processing Methods (2006)

This work is devoted to the estimation of rectilinear and distorted contours in images by high-resolution methods. In the case of rectilinear contours, it has been shown that it is possible to transpose this image processing problem to an array processing problem. The existing straight line characterization method called subspace-based line detection (SLIDE) leads to models with orientations and offsets of straight lines as the desired parameters. Firstly, a high-resolution method of array processing leads to the orientation of the lines. Secondly, their offset can be estimated by either the well-known method of extension of the Hough transform or another method, namely, the variable speed propagation scheme, that belongs to the array processing applications field. We associate it with the method called "modified forward-backward linear prediction" (MFBLP). The signal generation process devoted to straight lines retrieval is retained for the case of distorted contours estimation. This issue is handled for the first time thanks to an inverse problem formulation and a phase model determination. The proposed method is initialized by means of the SLIDE algorithm.