gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
An Analog Storage Cell with 5e>sup<->/sup</sec Leakage (2006)

The voltage droop rate of capacitive analog storage cells is typically limited by the off state leakage of a single MOS switch. Past low-leakage switch designs have assumed that subthreshold conduction and drain-to-bulk diode leakage dominate other effects. However, recent measurements of MOS leakage in a 1.5mum CMOS process have revealed a third important mechanism that can contribute significant leakage. It has been shown that incorporating a novel MOS switch topology into a high-accuracy switched-capacitor storage cell can minimize all of the experimentally observed leakages, achieving 10aA average leakage in a 1.5mum process. This paper presents new experimental data from cells fabricated in a 0.5pm process that exhibit 0.8aA (5e <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-</sup> /sec) average leakage, a 100times reduction over the leading alternative cell in the literature. This implies that with a 1pF storage capacitor and a 3.3V supply, this cell can store a 12-bit accurate voltage for 14.5 minutes and an 8-bit accurate voltage for 3.9 hours. The leakage reduction between the 1.5mum and 0.5mum implementations appears to be reasonable based on simple scaling arguments
19-core fiber with new core arrangement to realize low crosstalk (2014)

To overcome the issue of crosstalk increase in multicore fibers, we investigated a new approach of optimization of core arrangement. The crosstalk property of 19-core fiber was successfully suppressed by means of new core arrangement.
Video scouting demonstration (2000)

Smart video content selection and recording is the best selling feature of the current personal TV receivers like TiVo. These devices operate at the TV program level in that they use electronic program guides and user's program personal preferences to help consumers record and watch programs that match their interests. In this Video Scouting demonstration, we present a system that allows for the filtering and retrieving of TV sub-programs based on user's content preferences. The filtering process is realized via real-time video, audio, and transcript analysis. The demonstrator personalizes the TV experience in the areas of celebrity and financial information. The technology can translate into differentiating storage and set-top box product features for finding your favorite actors, most interesting personalized financial news of the day, commercial compaction and enhancement, and content augmentation with other sources of information such as Web pages and encyclopedia. The demonstrator also reflects our active involvement in the MPEG-7 standard (Content Description Interface).
Stephacidin A and B:  Two Structurally Novel, Selective Inhibitors of the Testosterone-Dependent Prostate LNCaP Cells (2002)

Two novel antitumor alkaloids, Stephacidin A and B, were isolated from the solid fermentation of Aspergillus ochraceus WC76466. Both alkaloids exhibit in vitro cytotoxicity against a number of human tumor cell lines; however, stephacidin B demonstrated more potent and selective antitumor activities, especially against prostate testeosterone-dependent LNCaP cells with IC50 value of 60 nM. The structures of stephacidin A and B were established on the basis of the NMR data and X-ray crystallography. With 15 rings and 9 chiral centers, stephacidin B represents one of the most structurally complex and novel alkaloids occurring in nature.
Low Temperature Growth of Nanostructured Diamond Films on Metals (2001)

The field of nanocrystalline diamond and tetrahedral amorphous carbon films has been the focus of intense experimental activity in the last few years for applications in field emission display devices, optical windows, and tribological coatings, The choice of substrate used in most studies has typically been silicon. For metals, however, the thermal expansion mismatch between the diamond film and substrate gives rise to thermal stress that often results in delamination of the film. To avoid this problem in conventional CVD deposition low substrate temperatures (less than 700 C) have been used, often with the incorporation of oxygen or carbon monoxide to the feedgas mixture. Conventionally grown CVD diamond films are also rough and would require post-deposition polishing for most applications. Therefore, there is an obvious need to develop techniques for deposition of well-adhered, smooth nano-structured diamond films on metals for various tribological applications. In our work, nanostructured diamond films are grown on a titanium alloy substrate using a two-step deposition process. The first step is performed at elevated temperature (820 C) for 30 minutes using a H2/CH4/N2 gas mixture in order to grow a thin (approx. 600 nm) nanostructured diamond layer and improve film adhesion. The remainder of the deposition involves growth at low temperature (less than 600 C) in a H2/CH4/O2 gas mixture. Laser reflectance Interferometry (LRI) pattern during growth of a nanostructured diamond film on Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The first 30 minutes are at a high temperature of 820 C and the rest of the film is grown at a low temperature of 580 T. The fringe pattern is observed till the very end due to extremely low surface roughness of 40 nm. The continuation of the smooth nanostructured diamond film growth during low temperature deposition is confirmed by in-situ laser reflectance interferometry and by post-deposition micro-Raman spectroscopy and surface profilometry. Similar experiments performed without the starting nanostructured diamond layer resulted in poorly adhered films with a more crystalline appearance and a higher surface roughness. This low temperature deposition of nanostructured diamond films on metals offers advantages in cases where high residual thermal stress leads to delamination at high temperatures.
Novel cylindrical, air-coupled acoustic levitation/concentration devices (2002)

A new class of devices for levitation and/or concentration of aerosols and small liquid/solid samples (up to several millimeters in diameter) in air has been developed. The novelty of these devices is their simplicity in design. These are inexpensive, low-power, and, in their simplest embodiment, do not require accurate alignment of a resonant cavity. Best of all, these can be off-the-shelf items. The devices are constructed from a hollow, cylindrical piezoelectric tube. The main design criteria requires a resonant mode of the tube to match a resonant mode of the interior air-filled cavity. Once matched, it is shown that drops of water in excess of 1 mm in diameter may be levitated inside the cylinder cavity against the force of gravity for less than 1 Watt of input electrical power. Efficient concentration/agglomeration of aerosol particles in air is also demonstrated.
Open Domain Context-Based Targeted Sentiment Analysis System (2019)

Massive amount of opinions is available nowadays on the internet thought social networks. Availability of such wealth of opinions in the social media motivated researchers to develop automated systems for opinion mining, also known as sentiment analysis. A very recent direction currently addresses the problem of detecting the targets, i.e., topics, in the micro-blogs (e.g., tweets) and identifying the sentiment polarity toward them. This research direction is referred to as open domain sentiment classification. In this work, we developed an approach for identifying the context of a given set of micro-blogs and analyzing their sentiments within that context. We propose a new context-based analysis system for open domain targeted sentiment analysis. Based on our knowledge, the proposed system differs from status quo followed in developing systems for open domain targeted sentiment analysis. Existing systems detect opinions in each micro-blog individually. While, our proposed approach helps in developing a context-based analysis system among a set of micro-blogs. The proposed system detects context patterns among a set of micro-blogs by detecting targets and identifying sentiment polarities towards categorized topics that describe the detected targets. Experimental results shown in this paper illustrate performance of applying the proposed system to Arabic and English datasets. Some comparisons between the proposed system and other existing system are included in this work as well.
Spectroscopy and Kinetics of a Molecular Memory with Nondestructive Readout for Use in 2D and 3D Storage Systems (2004)

A new molecule has been designed, synthesized, and utilized as molecular memory for optical storage capable of write, erase, and readout without simultaneously effacing the stored informtion. This molecule is composed of a photochromic fulgimide and a fluorescent dye bonded, chemically, together to form a single molecule. Experimental spectroscopic studies are performed for each individual component and the composite molecule. The kinetics of the photochromic transformation from the open, nonpolar form to the closed, polar form are discussed. It is also shown that the fluorescence intensity of the dye component is strongly dependent upon the polarity of the fulgimide component. The write/nondestructive readout and erase operations and prototype systems are presented, and a prototype optical disk is described.
Photoconductive semiconductor switches for high-power, short-pulse applications (1991)

Large photoconductive semiconductor switches (PCSSs) are being developed for high-power (10 MW-100 GW) applications that demand high reliability (108 shots), fast-rise times (100 ps), low jitter (50 ps), high-repetition rates (10 kHz–100 MHz), and efficient optical activation. We have tested a variety of silicon and GaAs switches in the linear-switching mode (where one absorbed photon creates one electron-hole pair).
Effects of an abasic site on triple helix formation characterized by affinity cleaving (1991)

The stability of triple helical complexes of pyrimidine oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing one abasic 1,2-dideoxy-D-ribose (phi) residue was examined by affinity cleaving. Within a pyrimidine third strand, the triplets phi.AT, phi.GC, phi.TA and phi.CG are significantly less stable than the triplets, T.AT, C+GC and G.TA. The decrease in binding produced by an abasic residue is similar to that observed with imperfectly matched natural base triplets, with phi.AT and phi.GC being less stable than phi.TA and phi.CG triplets for the sequences studied.
Characterization and Pumping (2006)

By adding redox species, both aqueous and nonaqueous solutions can be pumped along the length of a microfluidic channel when low voltages (to produce current) are applied across the channel's breadth in the presence of a magnetic field applied across its height. Control of flow rate is possible by varying the magnitudes of the voltage and magnetic field and by changing the redox concentration. Direction is determined by the voltage polarity and magnetic field orientation. We have demonstrated a dc redox magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pump in microchannels ( wide deep long) that were constructed from low-temperature cofired ceramics with screen-printed gold electrodes on opposing sidewalls. Redox MHD involves the generation of current between the electrodes in a solution through the oxidation/reduction of redox species in the presence of a magnetic field. When the current and magnetic fields are perpendicular, a Lorentz force results, causing fluid flow along the length of the channel. The pumping performance was investigated as a function of type and concentration of redox species, magnetic flux density, applied voltage, and time scale. Studies show bidirectional capability by changing the direction of the current. Flow velocities of up to were observed in a solution of nitrobenzene (NB) and tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate in acetonitrile using a permanent magnet, at an applied voltage of vs (saturated ) (approximately a potential difference of between wall electrodes in the microchannel) and the corresponding current enhancements (caused by the increased convection) were as large as 145%. Flow rates for NB and NB in in acetonitrile were measured at three different applied voltages near the redox potential of NB. Comparisons were also made to theory. A mixture of oxidized and reduced forms of the same redox couple, instead of a single species like NB, can avoid electrode dissolution at the oxidizing electrode (or bubble generation at either electrode). One example of this approach involves a solution of and in and another involves a solution of and in , where potential differences between wall electrodes in the microchannel can be less than . Findings from these studies should be useful in development of sealed microanalytical devices using redox MHD pumps with possible lab-on-a-chip applications.
Design and Synthesis of Novel Sulfonamide-Containing Bradykinin hB<sub>2</sub> Receptor Antagonists. 2. Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships of α,α-Cycloalkylglycine Sulfonamides (2007)

Recently we reported on the design and synthesis of a novel class of selective nonpeptide bradykinin (BK) B2 receptor antagonists (J. Med. Chem. 2006, 3602-3613). This work led to the discovery of MEN 15442, an antagonist with subnanomolar affinity for the human B2 receptor (hB2R), which also displayed significant and prolonged activity in vivo (for up to 210 min) against BK-induced bronchoconstriction in the guinea-pig at a dose of 300 nmol/kg (it), while demonstrating only a slight effect on BK-induced hypotension. Here we describe the further optimization of this series of compounds aimed at maximizing the effect on bronchoconstriction and minimizing the effect on hypotension, with a view to developing topically delivered drugs for airway diseases. The work led to the discovery of MEN 16132, a compound which, after intratracheal or aerosol administration, inhibited, in a dose-dependent manner, BK-induced bronchoconstricton in the airways, while showing minimal systemic activity. This compound was selected as a preclinical candidate for the topical treatment of airway diseases involving kinin B2 receptor stimulation.
Lanelok: Detection Of Lane Boundaries And Vehicle Tracking Using Image-Processing Techniques -Part II: Template Matching Algorithms (1990)

Sensing lane boundaries is a core capability for advanced automotive functions such as collision warning, collision avoidance and automatic vehicle-guidance. Part I of this study described special image-processing algorithms for the detection of lane boundaries and vehicle tracking, using images from a video camera. Part II of this study describes a new algorithm for detecting lane boundaries using template matching. This technique was selected because of its speed and its ability to include additional knowledge--two characteristics which are required for real-time, on-board vehicle applications. The algorithm has been tested successfully on over 3000 frames of videotape from interstate highways I-75 and I-94.
Microreactor Array Device (2015)

We report a device to fill an array of small chemical reaction chambers (microreactors) with reagent and then seal them using pressurized viscous liquid acting through a flexible membrane. The device enables multiple, independent chemical reactions involving free floating intermediate molecules without interference from neighboring reactions or external environments. The device is validated by protein expressed in situ directly from DNA in a microarray of ~10,000 spots with no diffusion during three hours incubation. Using the device to probe for an autoantibody cancer biomarker in blood serum sample gave five times higher signal to background ratio compared to standard protein microarray expressed on a flat microscope slide. Physical design principles to effectively fill the array of microreactors with reagent and experimental results of alternate methods for sealing the microreactors are presented.
Enhanced bioavailability and safety of curcumagalactomannosides as a dietary ingredient (2014)

In spite of the various bioavailable formulations of curcumin for pharma and dietary supplement applications, food grade formulations suitable as a dietary ingredient, and capable of providing significant levels of plasma curcumin, are limited. The present contribution describes the safety and oral bioavailability of a novel water soluble formulation of curcumin, curcumagalactomannosides (CGM), when used as a dietary ingredient in selected food items. CGM was prepared using a food grade hydrocolloid (galactomannans) derived from the kitchen spice fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graccum), without using any synthetic excipients. The safety of the formulation was assessed through acute and subchronic toxicity studies on Wistar rats and genotoxicity studies. The efficacy of CGM as a bioavailable dietary ingredient was assessed by successfully preparing various food items and by measuring the post-blood plasma curcumin levels at various time intervals after the consumption of food items. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometer (ESI-MS/MS) was employed for the quantification of plasma curcuminoids. It was observed that CGM is safe and suitable for further development and clinical studies, with a no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) up to 2.0 g kg⁻¹ per day b.wt. CGM was found to offer seven to ten times higher bioavailability of curcumin in humans, when incorporated into various food/beverage items at 100 mg CGM per serving size, as compared to the standard unformulated curcumin.
Terahertz difference frequency generation in quantum cascade lasers on silicon (2017)

We demonstrate that an application of a III-V-on-silicon hybrid concept to terahertz (THz) Cherenkov difference frequency generation (DFG) quantum cascade laser (QCL) sources (THz DFG-QCLs) can dramatically improve THz output power and mid-infrared-to-THz conversion efficiency. Completely processed THz DFG-QCLs grown on a 660-μm-thick native InP substrate are transfer-printed onto a 1-mm-thick high-resistive Si substrate using a 100-nm-thick SU-8 as an adhesive layer. Room temperature device performance of the reference InP and hybrid Si THz DFG-QCLs of the same ridge width (22 μm) and cavity length (4.2 mm) have been experimentally compared. The target THz frequency of 3.5 THz is selected for both devices using the dual-period first order surface gratings to select the mid-infrared pump wavelength of 994 cm<sup>-1</sup> and 1110 cm<sup>-1</sup>. At the maximum bias current, the reference InP and hybrid Si devices produced THz power of 50 μW and 270 μW, respectively. The mid-infrared-to-THz conversion efficiency corresponds to 60 μW/W<sup>2</sup> and 480 μW/W<sup>2</sup>, respectively, resulting in 5 times higher THz power and 8 times higher conversion efficiency from the best-performing hybrid devices. A hybrid Si device integrated in a Littrow external-cavity setup showed wavelength tuning from 1.3 THz to 4.3 THz with beam-steering free operation.
Adaptive Logic Circuits with Doping-Free Ambipolar Carbon Nanotube Transistors (2009)

A CMOS-like inverter was integrated by using ambipolar carbon nanotube (CNT) transistors without doping. The ambipolar CNT transistors automatically configure themselves to play a role as an n-type or p-type transistor in a logic circuit depending on the supply voltage (V(DD)) and ground. A NOR (NAND) gate is adaptively converted to a NAND (NOR) gate. This adaptiveness of logic gates exhibiting two logic gate functions in a single logic circuit offers a new opportunity for designing logic circuits with high integration density for next generation applications.
Rapid and sensitive measurement of glycated hemoglobin for diabetes monitoring by using a two-aptamer assay on an integrated microfluidic system (2014)

Diabetes requires an on-site routine monitoring on a daily basis. In this study, a compact, integrated microfluidic system capable of rapidly measuring the value of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was reported. Since nucleic-acid aptamers with high sensitivity and specificity to hemoglobin and HbA1c were used, the two-aptamer assay can perform the detection of HbA1c within a short period of time. Furthermore, the microfluidic system is extended to parallel processing such that multiple assays can be realized on a single chip. Therefore, it may be promising for providing a diagnostic device for diabetes patients in the near future.
Monolithic III-nitride nanowire detectors on silicon (2016)

Summary form only given. III-nitride nanowires and disk-in-nanowire heterostructures grown on silicon substrates have been used to realize light emitting diodes (LEDs) and diode lasers. Edge-emitting disk-in-nanowire diode lasers, in which the gain region consists of multiple In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> Ga <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1-x</sub> N (0.3≤x≤0.85)/GaN disks and the emission wavelength varied in the range of 0.53 to 1.2 μm, has been recently demonstrated. A monolithic detector technology using III-nitride nanowires on silicon has not been demonstrated in any wavelength range. The InGaN disk, or a quantum dot formed in the disk region would be the main photon absorbing region of the device. Along with the monolithic diode lasers, the detectors could form a part of a photonic integrated circuit on silicon. In the presented study we have investigated the potential of InGaN/GaN disk-in-nanowire arrays on (001)Si for near-infrared and infrared detection.
SENSE imaging with a quadrature half‐volume transverse electromagnetic (TEM) coil at 4T (2006)

We demonstrate the feasibility of SENSE imaging using a half-volume coil. Half-volume coils allow reduced total power deposition compared to full-volume coils, and may replace the latter in body imaging applications in which the target region of interest (ROI) is smaller than the entire torso.
Rethinking Indoor Wireless: Low Power, Low Frequency, Full-duplex (2009)

Existing indoor WiFi networks in the 2.5GHz and 5 GHz use too much transmit power, needed because the high carrier frequency limits signal penetration and connectivity. Instead, we propose a novel indoor wireless design paradigm, based on Low Frequency, using the newly freed white spaces previously used as analogue TV bands, and Low Power – 100 times less power than currently used. Preliminary experiments show that this maintains a similar level of connectivity and performance to existing networks. We also advocate full-duplex networking in a single band, which becomes possible in this setting (because we operate at low frequencies). It potentially doubles the throughput of each link and eliminates hidden terminals.