gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Vertical capacitive StBARS (2005)

This work introduces high frequency, vertical silicon bulk acoustic resonators (SiBAR). A combination of the new resonator structures with much larger transduction area and the HARPSS fabrication process is used to demonstrate high frequency capacitive resonators with significantly lower impedances compared to the previous capacitive resonators. Impedances as low as a few kilo-Ohms and quality factors in the range of 20,000 to 50,000 in the VHF range have been achieved for the first thickness mode of the fabricated resonators. Resonant frequencies as high as 983MHz are demonstrated for the third thickness modes of the capacitive SiBARs.
Fluoropolymer barriers to stress corrosion in optical fibers (1982)

Organic polymer coatings play a critical role in determining the overall performance of optical fibers. They protect the very fine silica glass core from abrasive damage and environmental effects such as stress induced corrosion. In addition they act as a buffer in reducing the sensitivity of the optical fiber to microbending loss. In designing a coating system for optical fibers it is necessary to strike a balance between two factors: a soft compliant enclosure that acts as a buffer in masking the nonuniform surface of the glass and a hard enclosure to act as a stiffener and make the fiber resistant to the environmental surface. These requirements are best suited by using a photocured polyfluoropolyolacrylate of reduced crosslink density as a primary coating and the high modulus fluoroepoxy resin as a secondary coating. Although it is possible to lower the glass transition and modulus of the fluoroepoxy system, the longer cure times required for heat curing systems, make them less attractive as a primary coating. Also the superior surface properties of the fluoroepoxy suggest themselves for use as an external coating.
Involvement of p53 in specific anti‐neuroectodermal tumor activity of aloe‐emodin (2003)

Previously, we have identified aloe-emodin (AE) as a new type of anticancer agent, with activity that is based on apoptotic cell death promoted by a neuroectodermal tumor-specific drug uptake. We attempt to clarify the intracellular target of AE and the apoptosis-signaling pathway activated by AE in neuroblastoma cell lines. Two-photon excitation microscopy and spectroscopic titrations documented that AE is highly concentrated in susceptible cells and binds to DNA. One of the most important mediators of apoptotic response to genotoxic stimuli, such as anticancer agents, is the p53 tumor suppressor gene. To evaluate the role played by p53 in AE-induced apoptosis a p53 mutant cell line, which lacks transcriptional activity of p53 targeted genes, was tested. AE displayed a reduced growth inhibitory and pro-apoptotic activity in p53 mutant cells (SK-N-BE(2c)) with respect to the p53 wild-type line (SJ-N-KP). This effect was not caused by a reduced drug uptake in the mutant neuroblastoma cell line but was related to a different apoptotic cell phenotype. Whereas SJ-N-KP cells were susceptible to a p53 transcription-dependent pathway of apoptosis, SK-N-BE(2c) cells underwent apoptosis with up-regulation of p53 expression but not of p53-target genes. After AE treatment p53 translocates to the mitochondria inter-membrane space in both neuroblastoma cell lines. Due to its high accumulation in neuroectodermal tumor cells AE could also kill tumor cells harboring p53 mutant genes. This property would further contribute to AE specific anti-tumor activity and might be exploitable in the clinic.
<title>Analysis of an adjustable slit design for correcting astigmatism</title> (1991)

Using 193 nrn Excimer Laser light to reshape the cornea has been shown to be an effective way to correct myopia in man"2 One way to achieve the controlled shape is to create a large diameter Excimer beam, and pass it through a computer controlled ins diaphragm. As the diaphragm closes, progressively less laser pulses reach the outer portions of the treatment area, while all the pulses reach the center region, effectively flattening the cornea. The resultant correction is spherical, and does not correct astigmatism. This paper discusses the use of a motor controlled slit to correct astigmatism in a similar manner to myopia. The mechanism described combines an iris diaphragm and adjustable slit for correcting myopia, astigmatism, or a combination of the two. The slit mechanism also rotates so the slit axis can be aligned with the patient's astigmatic axis. All motions are motor driven under computer control, with encoder feedback to ensure correct positioning. Initial test medium was PMMA, which has ablation characteristics similar to human stromal tissue. Mechanical profile scans and lensometer tests of the PMMA test blocks were performed to verify the correct ablation pattern. Animal eyes were ablated and tested for astigmatic induction.
Statistics of crosstalk in bent multicore fibers (2010)

A statistical theory for crosstalk in multicore fibers is derived from coupled-mode equations including bend-induced perturbations. Bends are shown to play a crucial role in crosstalk, explaining large disagreement between experiments and previous calculations. The average crosstalk of a fiber segment is related to the statistics of the bend radius and orientation, including spinning along the fiber length. This framework allows efficient and accurate estimates of cross-talk for realistic telecommunications links.
Accuracy of Individualized Custom Tibial Cutting Guides in UKA (2014)

PSI helped achieve the planned coronal orientation of the component. The guides were less accurate in setting optimal tray rotation and slope.
An Efficient and Economical Synthesis of 5,6-Diethyl-2,3-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-inden-2-amine Hydrochloride (2005)

An efficient and economical synthesis of 5,6-diethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-amine hydrochloride (1) utilizing 2-aminoindan as a cheap and commercially readily available starting material is described. The newly developed synthesis involves six-steps with 49% overall yield, and it introduces two ethyl groups at the 5- and 6-positions via sequential regioselective Friedel−Crafts acetylations and hydrogenations of N-protected-2-aminoindan. The Friedel−Crafts acetylations can be carried out neat with high regioselectivity using acetyl chloride as the reagent as well as the solvent, thus avoiding the use of halogenated solvents.
Active Human Cytomegalovirus Protease Is a Dimer (1996)

The quaternary state of the human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) protease has been analyzed in relation to its catalysis of peptide hydrolysis. Based on results obtained from steady state kinetics, size exclusion chromatography, and velocity sedimentation, the hCMV protease exists in a monomer-dimer equilibrium. Dimerization of the protease is enhanced by the presence of glycerol and high concentrations of enzyme. Isolation of monomeric and dimeric species eluted from a size exclusion column, followed by immediate assay, identifies the dimer as the active species. Activity measurements conducted with a range of enzyme concentrations are also consistent with a kinetic model in which only the dimeric hCMV protease is active. Using this model, the dissociation constant of the protease is 6.6 microM in 10% glycerol and 0.55 microM in 20% glycerol at 30 degrees C and pH 7.5.
Broadly tunable optical parametric oscillation in β-BaB2O4 (1988)

We report the first successful operation of a β-BaB2O4 optical parametric oscillator (OPO) tunable in the visible and the near infrared. The OPO was pumped at 354.7 nm and was tunable throughout 0.45–1.68 μm. A maximum total energy conversion efficiency of 9.4% was measured from the OPO containing a 10.5 × 10.5 mm2 × 11.5 mm long, 30° cut β-BaB2O4 crystal grown in our laboratory. Using the optical parametric luminescence technique, we have measured the 354.7 nm and 266 nm pumped OPO tuning curves (type I and type II) in β-BaB2O4 throughout the ∼0.3–3.3 μm range. The implication of these results on the validity of the published Sellmeier equations is discussed.
Temperature Gradient Approach for Rapidly Assessing Sensor Binding Kinetics and Thermodynamics (2015)

We report a highly resolved approach for quantitatively measuring the temperature dependence of molecular binding in a sensor format. The method is based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging measurements made across a spatial temperature gradient. Simultaneous recording of sensor response over the range of temperatures spanned by the gradient avoids many of the complications that arise in the analysis of SPR measurements where temperature is varied. In addition to simplifying quantitative analysis of binding interactions, the method allows the temperature dependence of binding to be monitored as a function of time, and provides a straightforward route for calibrating how temperature varies across the gradient. Using DNA hybridization as an example, we show how the gradient approach can be used to measure the temperature dependence of binding kinetics and thermodynamics (e.g., melt/denaturation profile) in a single experiment.
Humanized tau antibodies promote tau uptake by human microglia without any increase of inflammation (2020)

Immunotherapies targeting pathological tau have recently emerged as a promising approach for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. We have previously showed that the mouse antibody DC8E8 discriminates between healthy and pathological tau, reduces tau pathology in murine tauopathy models and inhibits neuronal internalization of AD tau species in vitro.Here we show, that DC8E8 and antibodies elicited against the first-in-man tau vaccine, AADvac1, which is based on the DC8E8 epitope peptide, both promote uptake of pathological tau by mouse primary microglia. IgG1 and IgG4 isotypes of AX004, the humanized versions of DC8E8, accelerate tau uptake by human primary microglia isolated from post-mortem aged and diseased brains. This promoting activity requires the presence of the Fc-domain of the antibodies.The IgG1 isotype of AX004 showed greater ability to promote tau uptake compared to the IgG4 isotype, while none of the antibody-tau complexes provoked increased pro-inflammatory activity of microglia. Our data suggest that IgG1 has better suitability for therapeutic development.
The design of planar gradient coils. Part II: A weighted superposition method (2005)

In this work a superposition technique for designing gradient coils for the purpose of magnetic resonance imaging is outlined, which uses an optimized weight function superimposed upon an initial winding similar to that obtained from the target field method to generate the final wire winding. This work builds on the preliminary work performed in Part I on designing planar insertable gradient coils for high resolution imaging. The proposed superposition method for designing gradient coils results in coil patterns with relatively low inductances and the gradient coils can be used as inserts into existing magnetic resonance imaging hardware. The new scheme has the capacity to obtain images faster with more detail due to the deliver of greater magnetic field gradients. The proposed method for designing gradient coils is compared with a variant of the state-of-the-art target field method for planar gradient coils designs, and it is shown that the weighted superposition approach outperforms the well-known the classical method. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 27B: 25–33, 2005.
A 2.4/1.2Kb/S Speech Coder With Noise Pre-Processor (2000)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Tampere, Finland, 2000
GnRH Analogs in reproductive medicine. (1991)

The uses of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs in in vitro fertilization (IVF), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) or related assisted reproductive technologies has advanced rapidly since initial efforts in the early 1980's. By making selective amino acid substitutions, often including the 6 and 10 position, the peptide chemists designed the compounds that we call the GnRH agonists of today. GnRH antagonists possess amino substitutions usually involving positions 1,2,3, 6 and 10, although others may be used. Moreover, recent versions are chemically very sophisticated, often having up to 5 D-amino acids (only L-amino acids occur naturally) and a variety of blocking groups that confer metabolic stability and reduced allergic side-effects. The first available formulation of a GnRH agonist product in the USA was an aqueous preparation for sc injection (usually once or twice daily). It has been studied for several years both in the treatment of prostatic carcinoma and for treatment of children presenting with true precocious puberty. More recently, a depo (monthly) preparation, which microencapulates the GnRH agonist in biodegradable microspheres, received registry approval for treatment of prostatic carcinoma. Also, an implant formulation aimed at chronic treatment indications, as well as nasal delivery products (usually applied multiple times daily) are in development. I will leave specific predictions of the future to those bearing higher powers, except to anticipate that when a safe and effective GnRH antagonist product is developed, it is likely to offer special advantages for IVF/GIFT treatment because of three apparent advantages over GnRH agonist products.
Phenotypic and genetic characterization of the bacteriophage abortive infection mechanism AbiK from Lactococcus lactis (1997)

The natural plasmid pSRQ800 isolated from Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis W1 conferred strong phage resistance against small isometric phages of the 936 and P335 species when introduced into phage-sensitive L. lactis strains. It had very limited effect on prolate phages of the c2 species. The phage resistance mechanism encoded on pSRQ800 is a temperature-sensitive abortive infection system (Abi). Plasmid pSRQ800 was mapped, and the Abi genetic determinant was localized on a 4.5-kb EcoRI fragment. Cloning and sequencing of the 4.5-kb fragment allowed the identification of two large open reading frames. Deletion mutants showed that only orf1 was needed to produce the Abi phenotype. orf1 (renamed abiK) coded for a predicted protein of 599 amino acids (AbiK) with an estimated molecular size of 71.4 kDa and a pI of 7.98. DNA and protein sequence alignment programs found no significant homology with databases. However, a database query based on amino acid composition suggested that AbiK might be in the same protein family as AbiA. No phage DNA replication nor phage structural protein production was detected in infected AbiK+ L. lactis cells. This system is believed to act at or prior to phage DNA replication. WHen cloned into a high-copy vector, AbiK efficiency increased 100-fold. AbiK provides another powerful tool that can be useful in controlling phages during lactococcal fermentations.
Atomic Beam Alignment of Liquid Crystals (1998)

We have found that liquid crystals can be aligned on a polyimide surface exposed to a low energy and neutral argon ion beam. The energy of the incident ions was varied between 75 eV and 500 eV, the integrated current density from 20 µA/cm 2 to 500 µA/cm 2 , and the angle of incidence over which alignment was measured was between 10° and 80°. The pretilt angle of the liquid crystals could be varied between 0° and 10°, by controlling the processing conditions.
Termite digestomes as sources for novel lignocellulases (2008)

Abstract For most animals, lignocellulose is a nutritionally poor food source that is highly resistant to enteric degradation. Termites, however, have the unique ability to digest lignocellulose with high efficiency, often using it as a sole food source. Another interesting aspect of termite biology is their symbiotic associations with prokaryotic and eukaryotic gut symbionts. Termite symbionts contribute to lignocellulose digestion efficiency, but by no means are they responsible for 100% of lignocellulose digestion in the termite gut. The termite digestome can be defined as the pool of genes, both termite and symbiont, that contribute to lignocellulose depolymerization and digestion, as well as simple sugar fermentation, nutrient transport, and nutrient assimilation. A central goal of termite digestomics research is to define/understand the relative contributions of termite and symbiont gene products to collaborative lignocellulose digestion. While efficient microbial cellulases have already been identified and are presently being used in industrial applications, efficient and inexpensive pre‐treatments for lignin and hemicellulose depolymerization are not yet well developed. In this respect, termite digestomics has already offered significant insights, and can continue to identify relevant enzymes, as well as reveal how to optimally combine and utilize these enzymes for maximum synergy. The topics covered in this review are as follows: lignocellulose structure with emphasis on its potential for depolymerization by termite and gut endosymbiont‐derived digestive enzymes; termite biology and ecology from the perspectives of termite nutrition, gut physiology, and lignocellulose digestion; and trends identified through recent termite digestomics research. © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
New method for producing high-performance thermoplastic polymeric foams (1997)

A new method for the production of foamed thermoplastic polymers from blends of a poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) and polyetherimide (PEI) is presented. The blowing agent for the foaming process is water which is produced at elevated temperatures in an extruder, via an in situ reaction between an amine end group on the PEI, and a ketone functionality on the backbone of the PAEK chain. The effect of composition, mixing, time, and temperature are investigated. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 1543–1550, 1997
Linewidth asymmetry study to predict aberration in lithographic lenses (2001)

In low-k1 optical lithography, aberration effects are more significant than ever before. Typically, aberrations are measured by phase measuring interferometry (PMI) when the lenses are fabricated, but this technique is not accessible for lithographers, nor does it include resist effects. Recent progress in resist-based evaluation techniques makes reliable Zernike coefficients available in many cases, but these approaches are still far away from practical application for lithographers, because it remains necessary to know which Zernike coefficients are important for controlling CD variations in each application. It is well known that coma aberration causes local CD variation, which is critical for device performance. In this study, we investigated in detail, characteristics of coma-induced linewidth asymmetry. From a practical point of view, the characterization methods proposed here could be used either for classification of lenses or to specify IC design rules.
High Thermoelectric Figure of Merit and Nanostructuring in Bulk p‐type Na<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Pb<sub><i>m</i></sub>Sb<sub><i>y</i></sub>Te<sub><i>m</i>+2</sub> (2006)

Worthy of merit: The new class of nanostructured p-type thermoelectrics Na1−xPbmSbyTem+2 is reported. The exceptionally high thermoelectric figures of merit ZT of these materials (see graph), which exceed those of the state-of-the-art materials PbTe and (GeTe)1−x((Ag2Te)1−y(Sb2Te3)y)x (TAGS), derive from their very low lattice thermal conductivities. Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2002/2006/z600865_s.pdf or from the author. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Synthesis of poly(propylene fumarate) by acylation of propylene glycol in the presence of a proton scavenger (1999)

To synthesize high molecular weight poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF), fumaryl chloride and propylene glycol were reacted in the presence of potassium carbonate, which serves as a proton scavenger. Transesterification of the resulting low molecular weight oligomer led to a polymer with greater molecular weight than those from previous reaction methods without requiring the use of a catalyst. According to two-dimensional NMR, the backbone structure of this polymer was as expected and contained no byproducts formed by acid catalyzed addition across the fumarate double bond. Kinetic studies of the transesterification showed that the molecular weight reached a final Mn of 4900 (+/-700) and Mw of 9100 (+/-1300) after 16 h, while the polydispersity index remained below 1.8 throughout the reaction. Thus the PPF synthesized by the new method is of higher molecular weight and greater purity than our previously prepared material.
Cardiac Xenotransplantation: Progress Toward the Clinic (2004)

The median survival of 76 days in this group of heterotopic porcine-to-baboon cardiac xenografts represents a major advance over the median 27-day survival reported in the literature. Cellular rejection may not constitute a direct major barrier to xenotransplantation. A median survival of 90 days may be achievable with better control of BCMV infection. If further studies in the orthotopic position replicate these outcomes, criteria considered appropriate for clinical application of cardiac xenotransplantation would be approached.
PESQ Based Speech Intelligibility Measurement (2009)

Several measurement techniques exist to quantify the intelligibility of a speech transmission chain. In the objective domain, the Articulation Index [1] and the Speech Transmission Index STI [2], [3], [4], [5] have been standardized for predicting intelligibility. The STI uses a signal that contains spectro-temporal characteristics similar to natural speech. By comparing intensity fluctuations of degraded and reference signals, the modulation transfer function of the system under test is measured from which the STI can then be calculated. In modern speech transmission, various types of coding are used that may behave differently for speech than for the STI test signal, implying a possible incorrect intelligibility prediction. A more fundamental approach in assessing intelligibility is to take natural speech signals, and derive internal representations of the reference and degraded signals, the difference of which can then be used to estimate speech intelligibility.
Depth from Gradients in Dense Light Fields for Object Reconstruction (2016)

Objects with thin features and fine details are challenging for most multi-view stereo techniques, since such features occupy small volumes and are usually only visible in a small portion of the available views. In this paper, we present an efficient algorithm to reconstruct intricate objects using densely sampled light fields. At the heart of our technique lies a novel approach to compute per-pixel depth values by exploiting local gradient information in densely sampled light fields. This approach can generate accurate depth values for very thin features, and can be run for each pixel in parallel. We assess the reliability of our depth estimates using a novel two-sided photoconsistency measure, which can capture whether the pixel lies on a texture or a silhouette edge. This information is then used to propagate the depth estimates at high gradient regions to smooth parts of the views efficiently and reliably using edge-aware filtering. In the last step, the per-image depth values and color information are aggregated in 3D space using a voting scheme, allowing the reconstruction of a globally consistent mesh for the object. Our approach can process large video datasets very efficiently and at the same time generates high quality object reconstructions that compare favorably to the results of state-of-the-art multi-view stereo methods.