gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Patient-Specific Oscillometric Blood Pressure Measurement: Validation for Accuracy and Repeatability (2016)

Oscillometric devices are widely used for automatic cuff blood pressure (BP) measurement. These devices estimate BP from the oscillometric cuff pressure waveform using population average methods. Hence, the devices may only be accurate over a limited BP range. The objective was to evaluate a new patient-specific method, which estimates BP by fitting a physiologic model to the same waveform. One-hundred and forty-five cardiac catheterization patients and normal adults were included for study. The oscillometric cuff pressure waveform was obtained with an office device, while reference BP was measured via brachial artery catheterization or auscultation, during baseline and/or nitroglycerin administration. Fifty-seven of the subject records were utilized for refining the patient-specific method, while the remaining 88 subject records were employed for evaluation. The precision errors for all BP levels of the patient-specific method ranged from 6.3 to 7.6 mmHg. These errors were significantly lower than those of the office device (by 29% on average) in subjects with high pulse pressure (>50 mmHg) while being comparable to those of the device in subjects with normal pulse pressure (<50 mmHg). The bias and precision of the differences in repeated estimates for all BP levels of the patient-specific method ranged from 0.1 to 1.1 and 2.1 to 5.9 mmHg, respectively. These precision differences were significantly lower than those of the office device (by 64% on average). The patient-specific method may afford more accurate automatic cuff BP measurement in patients with large artery stiffening while limiting the number of required cuff inflations/deflations per measurement.
Spectrally enhanced light emission from aperiodic photonic structures (2005)

Light-emitting silicon-rich, SiNx∕SiO2 Thue-Morse (T-M) multilayer structures have been fabricated in order to investigate the generation and transmission of light in strongly aperiodic deterministic dielectrics. Photoluminescence and optical transmission data experimentally demonstrate the presence of emission enhancement effects occurring at wavelengths corresponding to multiple T-M resonance states. Emission enhancement effects by a factor of almost 6 with respect to homogeneous SiNx dielectrics have been experimentally measured, in good agreement with transfer matrix simulations. The unprecedented degree of structural flexibility of T-M systems can provide alternative routes towards the fabrication of optically active multiwavelength photonic devices.
Personalizing model M for voice-search (2011)

Model M is a recently proposed class based exponential n-gram language model. In this paper, we extend it with personalization features, address the scalability issues present with large data sets, and test its effectiveness on the Bing Mobile voice-search task. We find that Model M by itself reduces both perplexity and word error rate compared with a conventional model, and that the personalization features produce a further significant improvement. The personalization features provide a very large improvement when the history contains a relevant query; thus the overall effect is gated by the number of times a user requeries a past request.
Transform-Domain Rate-Distortion Optimization Accelerator For H.264/Avc Video Encoding (2009)

In H.264/AVC video encoding, rate-distortion optimization for mode selection plays a significant role to achieve outstanding performance in compression efficiency and video quality. However, this mode selection process also makes the encoding process extremely complex, especially in the computation of the ratedistortion cost function, which includes the computations of the sum of squared difference (SSD) between the original and reconstructed image blocks and context-based entropy coding of the block. In this paper, a transform-domain rate-distortion optimization accelerator based on fast SSD (FSSD) and VLC-based rate estimation algorithm is proposed. This algorithm could significantly simplify the hardware architecture for the rate-distortion cost computation with only ignorable performance degradation. An efficient hardware structure for implementing the proposed transform-domain rate-distortion optimization accelerator is also proposed. Simulation results demonstrated that the proposed algorithm reduces about 47% of total encoding time with negligible degradation of coding performance. The proposed method can be easily applied to many mobile video application areas such as a digital camera and a DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting) phone.
Development of an Ultrasonically-Assisted Electrolytic Grinding System (2013)

Conventional methods of grinding tend to be less efficient and less accurate for circumferential surfaces of smaller inner diameter. To make such grinding highly accurate and highly efficient, we have developed an Ultrasonically-Assisted Grinding Unit (UAG-Unit) by providing ultrasonic assistance to conventional internal grinding. In addition, we have also developed an Ultrasonic and Electrolytic Grinding System (UEGSystem), which incorporates the effects of both ultrasonic vibrations and electrolytic actions into the conventional grinding of parts with small internal diameters and high aspect ratios.
Modulation of coupling in a photonic switch by resonant interference (1998)

A novel photonic switch structure is described in which the coupling of light between two fiber waveguides is controlled by the resonant interference of a third waveguide. The switching action is controlled by a small variation of the index of refraction of the control waveguide by the application of either photo-optical (Kerr) techniques or electro-optical (Pockels) techniques. The control waveguide can be either a fiber waveguide or a slab waveguide. The equations for the waveguide coupling were obtained by analytical approximations from coupled-mode theory. A beam-propagation simulation was also used. The results of the two models were compared. Multiple resonant interferences were observed in the case of a slab waveguide.
Variation in the Human TAS1R Taste Receptor Genes (2006)

We have performed a comprehensive evaluation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes in the human TAS1R gene family, which encodes receptors for sweet and umami tastes. Complete DNA sequences of TAS1R1-, TAS1R2-, and TAS1R3-coding regions, obtained from 88 individuals of African, Asian, European, and Native American origin, revealed substantial coding and noncoding diversity: polymorphisms are common in these genes, and polymorphic sites and SNP frequencies vary widely in human populations. The genes TAS1R1 and TAS1R3, which encode proteins that act as a dimer to form the umami (glutamate) taste receptor, showed less variation than the TAS1R2 gene, which acts as a dimer with TAS1R3 to form the sweet taste receptor. The TAS1R3 gene, which encodes a subunit common to both the sweet and umami receptors, was the most conserved. Evolutionary genetic analysis indicates that these variants have come to their current frequencies under natural selection during population growth and support the view that the coding sequence variants affect receptor function. We propose that human populations likely vary little with respect to umami perception, which is controlled by one major form of the receptor that is optimized for detecting glutamate but may vary much more with respect to sweet perception.
Evaluation of serological cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization between the United States porcine epidemic diarrhea virus prototype and S-INDEL-variant strains (2016)

These data indicate that the antibodies against U.S. PEDV prototype and S-INDEL-variant strains cross-reacted and cross-neutralized both strains in vitro. The current serological assays based on U.S. PEDV prototype strain can detect antibodies against both U.S. PEDV strains.
Structure and expression of the human gene for the alpha subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase. The two alternatively spliced types of mRNA correspond to two homologous exons the sequences of which are expressed in a variety of tissues. (1994)

Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, an alpha 2 beta 2 tetramer, plays a central role in collagen synthesis as it catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyproline residues by the hydroxylation of proline in X-Pro-Gly sequences. We report here that the human gene for the catalytically important alpha subunit is more than 69 kilobase pairs and consists of 16 exons. The exons that encode solely protein sequences vary from 54 to 240 base pairs (bp), and the introns vary from 750 to more than 16,000 bp. The 133 bp of 5'-untranslated sequences of the mRNA are coded by two exons, and these sequences contain inverted repeats with a potential for stem-loop formation, which may be involved in translational control of the expression of this gene. The 5'-flanking region contains a TATa motif at -29 relative to the major transcription site but no CCAAT motif. The 5'-flanking region and the downstream sequences contain several motifs that may act as binding sites for various transcription factors. Evidence has previously been reported for a mutually exclusive alternative splicing of RNA transcripts of this gene. The present data indicate that the mutually exclusive sequences found in the mRNAs are coded by two consecutive, homologous 71-bp exons 9 and 10. These exons are identical in their first 5 bp and the overall identity between them is 61% at the nucleotide level and 58% at the level of the coded amino acids. Both types of mRNA were found to be expressed in all of the tissues studied, but in some tissues the type coding for exon 9 or 10 sequences was more abundant than the other type.
Nonlinear entangled states using slow light phenomenon (2005)

We have studied quantum entanglement generation using nonlinear interaction of slowly propagating quantum field in a solid medium. Due to enhanced nonlinearity based on electromagnetically induced transparency and standing light phenomenon, a reversible nondegenerate four-wave mixing processing results in quantum entanglement generation. Our attention is to determine nonlinear perspectives of the entanglement with single photon fields. To accomplish the quantum entanglement based on the slow light involved standing light scheme, non-Doppler broadening has been required, where multiple atomic coherences have been the basis in a time-reversed manner. This study is potential for nonlinear optics application to quantum information science such as quantum computing and quantum memories using macroscopic optical medium.
High‐Efficiency, Vacuum‐Deposited, Small‐Molecule Organic Tandem and Triple‐Junction Photovoltaic Cells (2014)

High-efficiency, vacuum-deposited small-molecule organic tandem and triple-junction photovoltaic cells are demonstrated. The devices are composed of two sub-cells with minimal absorption spectral overlap. A nearly transparent fullerene/wide-energy gap organic mixture is introduced as the interconnecting blocking layer to further reduce cell losses. A power conversion efficiency of 10.0% is achieved for the tandem cell and 11.1% is achieved for a triple-junction cell.
In Cellulo Examination of a Beta-Alpha Hybrid Construct of Beta-Hexosaminidase A Subunits, Reported to Interact with the GM2 Activator Protein and Hydrolyze GM2 Ganglioside (2021)

The hydrolysis in lysosomes of GM2 ganglioside to GM3 ganglioside requires the correct synthesis, intracellular assembly and transport of three separate gene products; i.e., the alpha and beta subunits of heterodimeric beta-hexosaminidase A, E.C. # 3.2.1.52 (encoded by the HEXA and HEXB genes, respectively), and the GM2-activator protein (GM2AP, encoded by the GM2A gene). Mutations in any one of these genes can result in one of three neurodegenerative diseases collectively known as GM2 gangliosidosis (HEXA, Tay-Sachs disease, MIM # 272800; HEXB, Sandhoff disease, MIM # 268800; and GM2A, AB-variant form, MIM # 272750). Elements of both of the hexosaminidase A subunits are needed to productively interact with the GM2 ganglioside-GM2AP complex in the lysosome. Some of these elements have been predicted from the crystal structures of hexosaminidase and the activator. Recently a hybrid of the two subunits has been constructed and reported to be capable of forming homodimers that can perform this reaction in vivo, which could greatly simplify vector-mediated gene transfer approaches for Tay-Sachs or Sandhoff diseases. A cDNA encoding a hybrid hexosaminidase subunit capable of dimerizing and hydrolyzing GM2 ganglioside could be incorporated into a single vector, whereas packaging both subunits of hexosaminidase A into vectors, such as adeno-associated virus, would be impractical due to size constraints. In this report we examine the previously published hybrid construct (H1) and a new more extensive hybrid (H2), with our documented in cellulo (live cell- based) assay utilizing a fluorescent GM2 ganglioside derivative. Unfortunately when Tay-Sachs cells were transfected with either the H1 or H2 hybrid construct and then were fed the GM2 derivative, no significant increase in its turnover was detected. In vitro assays with the isolated H1 or H2 homodimers confirmed that neither was capable of human GM2AP-dependent hydrolysis of GM2 ganglioside.
Inter-tone noise reduction in a low bit rate CELP decoder (2009)

In this paper we present a novel technique to enhance music signals encoded using a low bit rate CELP coder. The method is based on reduction of inter-tone quantization noise for decoded music signals without affecting the quality for speech signals. The proposed technique consists of two modules. The first module is used to discriminate between stable tonal sounds and other sounds and the second module is used to reduce the inter-tone quantization noise in the stable tonal segments. The inter-tone noise is reduced by means of spectral subtraction. The proposed method is a part of the newly standardised ITU-T G.718 codec.
Micro‐void toughening of thermosets and its mechanism (2005)

Abstract Void toughening is studied using epoxy resin. Voids were produced mechanically without any chemical agents so that it was possible to isolate the role of micro‐voids from other factors. Toughness of the epoxy resin owing to voids was improved over that of the control by an order of magnitude. The toughening mechanism was found to be strongly related to intervoid distance and, hence, to void‐to‐crack distance. Large deformation bands between the crack and voids were deduced to be the source of toughening. The intervoid distance was directly measured on scanning electron microscope photos. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1290–1295, 2005
The acceleration sensitivity of quartz crystal oscillators: a review (1988)

A tutorial on navigation, radar, and identification systems is presented. The topics discussed are the consequences of acceleration sensitivity in crystal oscillators on the Allan variance, including the effects of sinusoidal and random vibration, phase noise and integrated phase jitter; the vector nature of quartz resonator sensitivity; the theoretical description of the cause of the acceleration sensitivity of quartz resonators; techniques for the measurement of acceleration sensitivity; and the effect of frequency multiplication on acceleration effect. Various techniques currently being used or developed for reducing the effective acceleration sensitivity are considered. The techniques fall into three general categories: reduction of the acceleration sensitivity of the resonator; passive techniques that use compensating elements in the oscillator feedback loop, e.g. a second resonator or an acceleration sensitivity capacitor; and active acceleration compensation schemes that sense the acceleration and feedback a compensating signal to a tuning network.
Portable Conductivity Meter for Detecting Abnormal Milk (1984)

A hand-held conductivity meter was designed for cow-side detection of abnormal milk. Each instrument contains a single flow cell and four sealed pushbutton switches to select individual quarters. The instrument can be configured for examining Holstein or Jersey type milk by adjusting tube length. Each quarter reading is displayed immediately on a liquid crystal digital display and is comparable with other quarter readings.
Performance of energy expenditure assessment using a chest-worn wireless patch sensor (2014)

Traditional systems for energy expenditure (EE) assessment are impractical for continuous monitoring in free-living conditions. The study presents the performance of a chest-worn wireless HealthPatchTM sensor for the continuous estimation of EE rate and total energy expenditure (TEE) based on the he
Dynamic optical coherence elastography: Emerging tool for noninvasive quantification of mechanical properties of ocular tissues (2019)

Optical coherence elastography (OCE) is an emerging method for noninvasive quantification of tissue viscoelastic properties. The underlying technology is based on Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging and analysis of external (or internal) force-induced mechanical waves propagating through the tissue. In this presentation, I will overview recent progress made in my lab on quantification of mechanical properties of ocular tissues (such as cornea and the lens of the eye) using OCE and their alternations during diseases progression. In particular, I will demonstrate that it is possible to quantify mechanical properties of the cornea and lens as a function of Intra-Ocular Pressure (IOP) and during controlled tissue modifications and treatments, such as corneal cross-linking. These results indicate that OCE is a powerful new technology that can be utilized for the nondestructive biomechanical characterization of ocular tissues in normal and pathological states and could not only assist in basic biomechanical studies but also lead to a new class of optical sensors for diagnosis of diseases. [Work supported, in part, by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Grant Nos. 2R01EY022362 and 1R01HL120140 and U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP) under Grant No. PR150338.]
Prediction of Mortality in the First Two Years of Hemodialysis: Results from a Validation Study (2012)

The results indicate that logistic regression models are useful tools in estimating incident HD patients' probability of death in 6-month intervals for at least up to 2 years after beginning dialysis. Model predictions may be used to alert medical staff to patients at increased risk of death and facilitate timely diagnostic and therapeutic interventions to improve outcomes.
A30641, a new epidithiodiketopiperazine with antifungal activity. (1976)

A new antibiotic, designated A30641, having in vitro activity against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi has been isolated from a strain of Aspergillus tamarii. Chemical and physical characterization indicate that it is a member of the class of antibiotics containing the epidithiodiketopiperazine moiety.
Dealing with errors in interactive sequencing by hybridization (2001)

skiena@cs.sunysb.edu.
Antiviral Effect and Ex Vivo CD4 <sup>+</sup> T Cell Proliferation in HIV-Positive Patients as a Result of CD28 Costimulation (1996)

Because stimulation of CD4+ lymphocytes leads to activation of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) replication, viral spread, and cell death, adoptive CD4+ T cell therapy has not been possible. When antigen and CD28 receptors on cultured T cells were stimulated by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to CD3 and CD28 that had been immobilized, there was an increase in the number of polyclonal CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected donors. Activated cells predominantly secreted cytokines associated with T helper cell type 1 function. The HIV-1 viral load declined in the absence of antiretroviral agents. Moreover, CD28 stimulation of CD4+ T cells from uninfected donors rendered these cells highly resistant to HIV-1 infection. Immobilization of CD28 mAb was crucial to the development of HIV resistance, as cells stimulated with soluble CD28 mAb were highly susceptible to HIV infection. The CD28-mediated antiviral effect occurred early in the viral life cycle, before HIV-1 DNA integration. These data may facilitate immune reconstitution and gene therapy approaches in persons with HIV infection.
Minimizing Energy Consumption in Body Sensor Networks via Convex Optimization (2010)

Body Sensor Networks (BSNs) consist of miniature sensors deployed on or implanted into the human body for health monitoring. Conserving the energy of these sensors, while guaranteeing a required level of performance, is a key challenge in BSNs. In terms of communication protocols, this translates to minimizing energy consumption while limiting the latency in data transfer. In this paper, we focus on polling-based communication protocols for BSNs, and address the problem of optimizing the polling schedule to achieve minimal energy consumption and latency. We show that this problem can be posed as a geometric program, which belongs to the class of convex optimization problems, solvable in polynomial time. We also introduce a dynamic priority vector for each sensor, based on the observation that relative priorities of sensors in a BSN change over time. This vector is used to develop a decision-tree based approach for resolving scheduling conflicts among devices. The proposed framework is applicable to a broad class of periodic polling-based communication protocols. We design one such protocol in detail and show that it achieves an improvement of approximately 45% over the widely accepted standard IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol.
Fabrication and characterization of a real-time optical fiber dosimeter probe (2011)

There is a pressing need for a low cost, passive optical fiber dosimeter probe for use in real-time monitoring of radiation dose delivered to clinical radiation therapy patients. An optical fiber probe using radiochromic material has been designed and fabricated based on the deposition of a radiochromic thin film on a dielectric mirror. Measurements of the net optical density vs. time before, during, and after irradiation at a rate of 500 cGy/minute to a total dose of 5 Gy were performed. Net optical densities increased from 0.2 to 2.0 for radiochromic thin film thicknesses of 2 to 20 μm, respectively. An improved optical fiber probe fabrication method is presented.
Mass defect filter technique and its applications to drug metabolite identification by high‐resolution mass spectrometry (2009)

Identification of drug metabolites by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) involves metabolite detection in biological matrixes and structural characterization based on product ion spectra. Traditionally, metabolite detection is accomplished primarily on the basis of predicted molecular masses or fragmentation patterns of metabolites using triple-quadrupole and ion trap mass spectrometers. Recently, a novel mass defect filter (MDF) technique has been developed, which enables high-resolution mass spectrometers to be utilized for detecting both predicted and unexpected drug metabolites based on narrow, well-defined mass defect ranges for these metabolites. This is a new approach that is completely different from, but complementary to, traditional molecular mass- or MS/MS fragmentation-based LC/MS approaches. This article reviews the mass defect patterns of various classes of drug metabolites and the basic principles of the MDF approach. Examples are given on the applications of the MDF technique to the detection of stable and chemically reactive metabolites in vitro and in vivo. Advantages, limitations, and future applications are also discussed on MDF and its combinations with other data mining techniques for the detection and identification of drug metabolites.