gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Targeted disruption of the mouse B<sub>2</sub>bradykinin receptor in embryonic stem cells (1995)

Two mammalian genes encoding bradykinin (BK) receptors termed B1 and B2 have been identified by molecular cloning techniques. Some pharmacological data suggest the existence of further subtypes of the B2 receptor. To unambiguously determine whether additional genes encoding B2 BK receptors might exist in mammals, steps have been taken toward the generation of mice with a "knockout" of the BK B2 receptor. A genomic clone of the mouse B2 BK receptor was isolated and its coding sequence determined by DNA sequence analysis. A physical map of the DNA flanking this coding sequence was generated. A vector, pBS-KO-1, was constructed for targeted disruption of the mouse B2 receptor gene. This vector contains 1 kb (kilobase) of DNA upstream the mouse B2 receptor coding sequence, a neomycin resistance gene (neo), and 5.4 kb of DNA downstream of the B2 receptor coding sequence. Thus, the correct homologous recombination event will result in a chromosome in which the coding sequence for the mouse B2 BK receptor is replaced with the neomycin resistance gene. pBS-KO-1 was transfected into embryonic stem cells, and clones containing a targeted disruption of the mouse B2 BK receptor were identified.
Direct epoxidation of fluorinated olefins using the fluorine-water-acetonitrile system (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDirect epoxidation of fluorinated olefins using the fluorine-water-acetonitrile systemMing H. Hung, Bruce E. Smart, Andrew E. Feiring, and Shlomo RozenCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56, 9, 3187–3189Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00009a049https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00009a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views344Altmetric-Citations29LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Brightly Phosphorescent, Environmentally Responsive Hydrogels Containing a Water-Soluble Three-Coordinate Gold(I) Complex (2010)

Stimuli-responsive phosphorescent hydrogel microspheres have been synthesized by incorporating a water-soluble phosphorescent Au(I) complex, Na(8)[Au(TPPTS)(3)], TPPTS = tris(3,3',3''-trisulfonatophenyl)phosphine, into the polymer network of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). Remarkable sensitization of the Au-centered emission takes place in the resulting phosphorescent hydrogels (by up to 2 orders of magnitude!) compared to that of the gold complex alone in pure water. Results of pH- and temperature-dependent luminescence titrations show that the sensitization is further magnified at physiological conditions, which is desirable for biomedical applications that will include bioimaging and drug delivery. The physical properties of PNIPAM microgels are not negatively impacted by the presence of the gold luminophore, as the colloidal crystallinity and phase transition properties remain intact. Phosphorescent microspheres have been further cross-linked by covalently bonding to neighboring particles, leading to brightly phosphorescent/high-water-content crystalline hydrogel networks with more stable crystallinity vs microgel soft crystals. These gel networks exhibit the same green phosphorescence seen in the hydrogel microspheres and pure Na(8)[Au(TPPTS)(3)] aqueous solutions with a broad unstructured profile and peak maximum at ∼525 nm. Dehydration leads to further emission sensitization and gradual blue shifts that can be fine-tuned to ultimately reach a turquoise emission at ∼490 nm in the freeze-dried form of the gel, corresponding to the emission of single crystals of Na(8)[Au(TPPTS)(3)], in agreement with the photoinduced Jahn-Teller distorted excited state model we reported earlier. Remarkable sensitivity to temperature and pH takes place in the emission enhancement with particularly favorable results at physiological conditions. The work herein represents a unique example of a stimulus-responsive phosphorescent hydrogel from a transition metal-based as opposed to lanthanide-based phosphor in an aqueous medium.
42‐2: Low Power Consumption 8K Liquid Crystal Display with Oxide Semiconductor/Oxide Conductor Pixel (Transparent Pixel) (2017)

We developed a large ultra‐high‐definition (8K) liquid crystal display with a high aperture ratio by making the source and drain electrodes, wirings, storage capacitors, and contact portions transparent. This increased the aperture ratio from 37.3% to 47.1% and reduced the backlight power consumption by approximately 21%.
Efficient representation and comparison of multimedia content using DAG-composition (2002)

This paper proposes a novel method of representing syntactic and semantic attributes of multimedia content. The methods are based on a new data structure, which includes a directed acyclic graph (DAG) representation. It is well-known that DAGs occupy a middle ground between tree-based and graph-based representations. In the proposed scheme, we exploit the advantages of both representations, as we are able to balance the restrictions on structure and expressiveness of elements with the computational complexity of operations on those elements.
Precise diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage and subtypes using a three-dimensional joint convolutional and recurrent neural network (2019)

• A 3D joint CNN-RNN deep learning framework was developed for ICH detection and subtype classification, which has the flexibility to train with either subject-level labels or slice-level labels. • This deep learning framework is fast and accurate at detecting ICH and its subtypes. • The performance of the automated algorithm was superior to the average performance of three junior radiology trainees in this work, suggesting its potential to reduce initial misinterpretations.
Microelectronic electroporation array (2004)

Gene Array technology has allowed for the study of gene binding by creating thousands of potential binding sites on a single device. A limitation of the current technology is that the effects of the gene and the gene-derived proteins cannot be studied in situ the same way, thousand site cell arrays are not readily available. We propose a new device structure to study the effects of gene modification on cells. This new array technology uses electroporation to target specific areas within a cell culture for transfection of genes. Electroporation arrays will allow high throughput analysis of gene effects on a given cell's response to a stress or a genes ability to restore normal cell function in disease modeling cells. Fluorescent imaging of dye labeled indicator molecules or cell viability will provide results indicating the most effective genes. The electroporation array consists of a microelectronic circuit, ancillary electronics, protecting electrode surface for cell culturing and a perfusion system for gene or drug delivery. The advantages of the current device are that there are 3200 sites for electroporation, all or any subsets of the electrodes can be activated. The cells are held in place by the electrode material. This technology could also be applied to high throughput screening of cell impermeant drugs.
s-SMOOTH: Sparsity and Smoothness Enhanced EEG Brain Tomography (2016)

EEG source imaging enables us to reconstruct current density in the brain from the electrical measurements with excellent temporal resolution (~ <i>ms</i>). The corresponding EEG inverse problem is an ill-posed one that has infinitely many solutions. This is due to the fact that the number of EEG sensors is usually much smaller than that of the potential dipole locations, as well as noise contamination in the recorded signals. To obtain a unique solution, regularizations can be incorporated to impose additional constraints on the solution. An appropriate choice of regularization is critically important for the reconstruction accuracy of a brain image. In this paper, we propose a novel Sparsity and SMOOthness enhanced brain TomograpHy (s-SMOOTH) method to improve the reconstruction accuracy by integrating two recently proposed regularization techniques: Total Generalized Variation (TGV) regularization and ℓ<sub>1-2</sub> regularization. TGV is able to preserve the source edge and recover the spatial distribution of the source intensity with high accuracy. Compared to the relevant total variation (TV) regularization, TGV enhances the smoothness of the image and reduces staircasing artifacts. The traditional TGV defined on a 2D image has been widely used in the image processing field. In order to handle 3D EEG source images, we propose a voxel-based Total Generalized Variation (vTGV) regularization that extends the definition of second-order TGV from 2D planar images to 3D irregular surfaces such as cortex surface. In addition, the ℓ<sub>1-2</sub> regularization is utilized to promote sparsity on the current density itself. We demonstrate that ℓ<sub>1-2</sub> regularization is able to enhance sparsity and accelerate computations than ℓ<sub>1</sub> regularization. The proposed model is solved by an efficient and robust algorithm based on the difference of convex functions algorithm (DCA) and the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Numerical experiments using synthetic data demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method over other state-of-the-art methods in terms of total reconstruction accuracy, localization accuracy and focalization degree. The application to the source localization of event-related potential data further demonstrates the performance of the proposed method in real-world scenarios.
Identification of a Common Amino Acid Polymorphism in the p85α Regulatory Subunit of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase: Effects on Glucose Disappearance Constant, Glucose Effectiveness, and the Insulin Sensitivity Index (1997)

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) may regulate the basal plasma membrane glucose transporter recycling and the organization of the transporter intracellular pool in addition to being an insulin signal for translocation of glucose transporters to the plasma membrane. The objectives of the present study were to examine for genetic variability in the human regulatory p85alpha subunit of PI3-K, to look for an association between gene variants and NIDDM in a case-control study, and to relate identified variability to potential changes in whole-body insulin sensitivity and glucose turnover in a phenotype study. Single-strand conformational polymorphism and heteroduplex analysis of the coding region of the regulatory p85alpha subunit in cDNA isolated from human muscle tissue from 70 insulin-resistant NIDDM patients and 12 control subjects revealed three silent polymorphisms and a missense mutation at nucleotide position 1020 (G-->A), changing a Met to Ile at codon 326. Using allele-specific oligohybridization, we found a similar allelic frequency of the codon 326Met-->Ile variant in 404 NIDDM patients (0.15 [95% CI 0.13-0.17]) and 224 matched glucose tolerant control subjects (0.16 [0.13-0.19]). In a random sample of 380 unrelated healthy young Caucasians aged 18-32 years, in whom we have performed a tolbutamide modified intravenous glucose tolerance test, we identified 263 wildtype subjects, 109 heterozygous subjects, and 8 subjects homozygous for the codon 326 variant (allelic frequency = 0.16 [0.13-0.19]). No difference in glucose disappearance constant (KG), insulin sensitivity index (SI), and glucose effectiveness (SG) was observed between wildtype and heterozygous subjects. However, compared with the combined values for wildtype and heterozygous carriers, KG was reduced by 40% (P = 0.004) and SG by 23% (P = 0.03) in homozygous carriers of the p85alpha variant. Moreover, in homozygous carriers, a 32% reduction was found in SI (P = 0.08). In conclusion, a codon 326Met-->Ile variant in the gene encoding the PI3-K p85alpha regulatory subunit is found in 31% of a random sample of young healthy Caucasians. About 2% of the subjects in this population carry the gene variant in its homozygous form, and these carriers are characterized by significant reductions in whole-body glucose effectiveness and intravenous glucose disappearance constant. In itself, the gene variant does not confer an increased risk of diabetes.
Simultaneous Monitoring of Ballistocardiogram and Photoplethysmogram Using a Camera (2016)

We present a noncontact method to measure ballistocardiogram (BCG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) simultaneously using a single camera. The method tracks the motion of facial features to determine displacement BCG, and extracts the corresponding velocity and acceleration BCGs by taking first and second temporal derivatives from the displacement BCG, respectively. The measured BCG waveforms are consistent with those reported in the literature and also with those recorded with an accelerometer-based reference method. The method also tracks PPG based on the reflected light from the same facial region, which makes it possible to track both BCG and PPG with the same optics. We verify the robustness and reproducibility of the noncontact method with a small pilot study with 23 subjects. The presented method is the first demonstration of simultaneous BCG and PPG monitoring without wearing any extra equipment or marker by the subject.
Clinical Assessment of a Recombinant Simian Adenovirus ChAd63: A Potent New Vaccine Vector (2012)

NCT00890019.
A Fiber Optic DC And Low Frequency Electric Field Sensor (1992)

We demonstrate a novel fiber-optic interferometric dc and low frequency electric field sensor based on the electrostrictive effect in a Ba:PZT transducer. The sensor exhibits a minimum detectable electric field of 0.01 V/m/√Hz at 1 Hz using 9 cm of fiber.
<title>Magnetostrictive sensor for active health monitoring in structures</title> (2002)

A flat magnetostrictive sensor for active health monitoring of a large area of a structure has been developed. The sensor consists of a thin nickel foil and a coil placed over the nickel and, much like a strain gauge, is permanently bonded to the surface of a structure under monitoring. When activated, the sensor generates guided waves in the structure for interrogation and detects signals that are reflected back from the structural geometries and defects in the structure. Since guided waves can travel a long distance in the structure, a large area of the structure can be interrogated and monitored by using the sensor. By periodically acquiring the data and comparing it with the baseline data established at the time of sensor installation, structural changes occurred over that time can be quickly determined for suitable structural management decision. In addition to the ability to actively inspect and monitor a large area of the structure, the sensor is also rugged and inexpensive and therefore has high potential for practical use. As an example of its applicability to aircraft structure, data showing the monitoring of defect growth in fastener holes in a wing structure are presented.
Task Coordinated Feedback Control of Parallel Link Manipulators (2003)

パラレルリンクマニピュレータの作業座標での制御は順運動学計算と関節駆動力を求める際のヤコビ逆行列の計算のため煩雑となる。本論文では計算効率を改善した作業座標制御系の設計法を提案し, 実験により有効性を示す。
An Estimation-Theoretic Framework for Spatially Scalable Video Coding (2014)

This paper focuses on prediction optimality in spatially scalable video coding. It draws inspiration from an estimation-theoretic prediction framework for quality (SNR) scalability earlier developed by our group, which achieved optimality by fully accounting for relevant information from the current base layer (e.g., quantization intervals) and the enhancement layer, to efficiently calculate the conditional expectation that forms the optimal predictor. It was central to that approach that all layers reconstruct approximations to the same original transform coefficient. In spatial scalability, however, the layers encode different resolution versions of the signal. To approach optimality in enhancement layer prediction, this paper departs from existing spatially scalable codecs that employ pixel domain resampling to perform interlayer prediction. Instead, it incorporates a transform domain resampling technique that ensures that the base layer quantization intervals are accessible and usable at the enhancement layer despite their differing signal resolutions, which in conjunction with prior enhancement layer information, enable optimal prediction. A delayed prediction approach that complements this framework for spatial scalable video coding is then provided to further exploit future base layer frames for additional enhancement layer coding performance gains. Finally, a low-complexity variant of the proposed estimation-theoretic prediction approach is also devised, which approximates the conditional expectation by switching between three predictors depending on a simple condition involving information from both layers, and which retains significant performance gains. Simulations provide experimental evidence that the proposed approaches substantially outperform the standard scalable video codec and other leading competitors.
Efficient parallel message computation for MAP inference (2011)

First order Markov Random Fields (MRFs) have become a predominant tool in Computer Vision over the past decade. Such a success was mostly due to the development of efficient optimization algorithms both in terms of speed as well as in terms of optimality properties. Message passing algorithms are among the most popular methods due to their good performance for a wide range of pairwise potential functions (PPFs). Their main bottleneck is computational complexity. In this paper, we revisit message computation as a distance transformation using a more formal setting than [8] to generalize it to arbitrary PPFs. The method is based on [20] yielding accurate results for a specific class of PPFs and in most other cases a close approximation. The proposed algorithm is parallel and thus enables us to fully take advantage of the computational power of parallel processing architectures. The proposed scheme coupled with an efficient belief propagation algorithm [8] and implemented on a massively parallel coprocessor provides results as accurate as state of the art inference methods, though is in general one order of magnitude faster in terms of speed.
The Antileishmanial Activity of Lepidines (1978)

A series of lepidines (6-methoxy-4-methyl-8-aminoquinoline derivatives) was studied in a hamster-Leishmania donovani model. Members of this class were found to have activity many-fold that of the standard, meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime). One of them, 8-(6-diethylamino-hexylamino)-6-methoxy-4-methylquinoline, designated WR 6026, when given orally was over 700 times as effective as the standard antimonial drug.
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles engineered with lipidated antigens as a platform for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> vaccine (2019)

Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) represent an interesting vaccine platform for their built-in adjuvanticity and simplicity of production process. Moreover, OMVs can be decorated with foreign antigens using different synthetic biology approaches. However, the optimal OMV engineering strategy, which should guarantee the OMV compartmentalization of most heterologous antigens in quantities high enough to elicit protective immune responses, remains to be validated. In this work we exploited the lipoprotein transport pathway to engineer OMVs with foreign proteins. Using 5 <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> protective antigens expressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> as fusions to a lipoprotein leader sequence, we demonstrated that all 5 antigens accumulated in the vesicular compartment at a concentration ranging from 5 to 20% of total OMV proteins, suggesting that antigen lipidation could be a universal approach for OMV manipulation. Engineered OMVs elicited high, saturating antigen-specific antibody titers when administered to mice in quantities as low as 0.2 μg/dose. Moreover, the expression of lipidated antigens in <i>E. coli</i> BL21(DE3)Δ<i>ompA</i>Δ<i>msbB</i>Δ<i>pagP</i> was shown to affect the lipopolysaccharide structure, with the result that the TLR4 agonist activity of OMVs was markedly reduced. These results, together with the potent protective activity of engineered OMVs observed in mice challenged with <i>S. aureus</i> Newman strain, makes the 5-combo-OMVs a promising vaccine candidate to be tested in clinics.
Fluoride-doped amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles as a promising biomimetic material for dental remineralization (2018)

Demineralization of dental hard tissue is a widespread problem and the main responsible for dental caries and dentin hypersensitivity. The most promising strategies to induce the precipitation of new mineral phase are the application of materials releasing gradually Ca<sup>2+</sup> and PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup> ions or mimicking the mineral phase of the host tissue. However, the design of formulations covering both processes is so far a challenge in preventive dentistry. In this work, we have synthesized innovative biomimetic amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), which has been, for the first time, doped with fluoride ions (FACP) to obtain materials with enhanced anti-caries and remineralizing properties. Significantly, the doping with fluoride (F) did not vary the physico-chemical features of ACP but resulted in a faster conversion to the crystalline apatite phase in water, as observed by in-situ time-dependent Raman experiments. The efficacy of the as synthesized ACP and FACP samples to occlude dentinal tubules and induce enamel remineralization has been tested in vitro in human molar teeth. The samples showed good ability to partially occlude the tubules of acid-etched dentin and to restore demineralized enamel into its native structure. Results demonstrate that ACP and FACP are promising biomimetic materials in preventive dentistry to hinder demineralization of dental hard tissues.
<title>Dispersion-reduction technique using subcarrier multiplexing</title> (1995)

We have developed a novel dispersion-reduction technique using subcarrier multiplexing which permits the transmission of multiple 2.5 Gbit/s data channels over hundreds of kilometers of conventional fiber-optic cable with negligible dispersion. Using a lithium niobate external modulator having a modulation bandwidth of 20 GHz, we are able to multiplex several high-speed data channels at a single wavelength. At the receiving end, we demultiplex the data and detect each channel using a 2-GHz bandwidth optical detector. All of the hardware in our system consists of off-the-shelf components and can be integrated to reduce the overall cost. We demonstrated our dispersion-reduction technique in a recent field trial by transmitting two 2.5 Gbit/s data channels over 90 km of commercially-installed single-mode fiber, followed by 210 km of spooled fiber. For comparison, we substituted the 300 km of fiber with equivalent optical attenuation. We also ran computer simulations to evaluate link behavior. Technical details and field trial results will be presented.