gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Role of standing-wave mode structure in microlaser emission (1995)

In the recently developed microlaser, a single two-level atom interacts with a single mode of the optical resonator to generate coherent radiation. The resonator mode is in the form of a standing wave. We present an analysis of the standing-wave features, based on an approximate solution of the fully quantized microlaser equations. The result explains the rapid increase in the observed signal when the average number of atoms in the cavity is of the order of 1.
Genome-Based Approach Delivers Vaccine Candidates Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2019)

High incidence, severity and increasing antibiotic resistance characterize <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections, highlighting the need for new therapeutic options. Vaccination strategies to prevent or limit <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infections represent a rational approach to positively impact the clinical outcome of risk patients; nevertheless this bacterium remains a challenging vaccine target. To identify novel vaccine candidates, we started from the genome sequence analysis of the <i>P. aeruginosa</i> reference strain PAO1 exploring the reverse vaccinology approach integrated with additional bioinformatic tools. The bioinformatic approaches resulted in the selection of 52 potential antigens. These vaccine candidates were conserved in <i>P. aeruginosa</i> genomes from different origin and among strains isolated longitudinally from cystic fibrosis patients. To assess the immune-protection of single or antigens combination against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infection, a vaccination protocol was established in murine model of acute respiratory infection. Combinations of selected candidates, rather than single antigens, effectively controlled <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infection in the <i>in vivo</i> model of murine pneumonia. Five combinations were capable of significantly increase survival rate among challenged mice and all included PA5340, a hypothetical protein exclusively present in <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. PA5340 combined with PA3526-MotY gave the maximum protection. Both proteins were surface exposed by immunofluorescence and triggered a specific immune response. Combination of these two protein antigens could represent a potential vaccine to prevent <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infection.
Imaging longitudinal cardiac strain on short‐axis images using strain‐encoded MRI (2001)

This article presents a new method for measuring longitudinal strain in a short-axis section of the heart using harmonic phase magnetic resonance imaging (HARP-MRI). The heart is tagged using 1-1 SPAMM at end-diastole with tag surfaces parallel to a short-axis imaging plane. Two or more images are acquired such that the images have different phase encodings in a direction orthogonal to the image plane. A dense map of the longitudinal strain can be computed from these images using a simple, fast computation. Simulations are conducted to study the effect of noise and the choice of out-of-plane phase encoding values. Longitudinal strains acquired from a normal human male are shown.
Deformable skin design to enhance response of a biomimetic tactile sensor (2008)

Grasping of objects by robotic hands in unstructured environments demands a sensor surface that is durable, compliant, and responsive to various force and slip conditions. A compliant and robust skin can be as critical to grasping objects as the sensor it protects. In an effort to combine compliant mechanics and robust sensing, a biomimetic tactile sensor is being developed. Deformations of its skin can be detected by displacing a conductive fluid from the vicinity of electrodes on a rigid core. In this study, we used simplified finite element models to understand the effects of various textures for the inner surface of the skin and then produced the more promising textures by molding the elastomeric skin material against negatives made by stereolithography. The impedance vs. force relationships obtained with these molded skins had the predicted and desired wide dynamic range. By selecting the appropriate materials for the skin and fluid, previously described problems with hysteresis and diffusion losses have been greatly reduced.
Elimination of Process‐Induced Stacking Faults by Preoxidation Gettering of Si Wafers: II . Process (1976)

A simple and novel process which prevents the formation of oxidation‐induced stacking faults (SF) during the fabrication of Si devices is described. The process involves the deposition of a film on the back of the wafer followed by a preoxidation annealing. This procedure eliminates the nucleation centers and impurities, which occur during the oxide growth, involved in the formation of SF. The process has also been found to effectively reduce the wafer contamination by impurities such as Cu and Au. Application of this preoxidation gettering process to device processing is shown to be effective in drastically reducing leakages in p‐n junctions and in eliminating the nucleation centers associated with the SF tetrahedron often found in the fabrication of Si bipolar devices.
Smallpox subunit vaccine produced <i>in planta</i> confers protection in mice (2007)

We report here the in planta production of the recombinant vaccinia virus B5 antigenic domain (pB5), an attractive component of a subunit vaccine against smallpox. The antigenic domain was expressed by using efficient transient and constitutive plant expression systems and tested by various immunization routes in two animal models. Whereas oral administration in mice or the minipig with collard-derived insoluble pB5 did not generate an anti-B5 immune response, intranasal administration of soluble pB5 led to a rise of B5-specific immunoglobulins, and parenteral immunization led to a strong anti-B5 immune response in both mice and the minipig. Mice immunized i.m. with pB5 generated an antibody response that reduced virus spread in vitro and conferred protection from challenge with a lethal dose of vaccinia virus. These results indicate the feasibility of producing safe and inexpensive subunit vaccines by using plant production systems.
Interactions between extracellular Borrelia burgdorferi proteins and non-Borrelia-directed immunoglobulin M antibodies (1992)

Previous work showed that outer surface protein A (OspA) and OspB of Borrelia burgdorferi may occur within an extracellular multiprotein complex, which was resolved by electrophoresis as an 83-kDa major extracellular protein band. To characterize the 83-kDa band, we sequenced the N terminus of the predominant peptide in the band and examined the interaction between the associated proteins. Peptide sequence and amino acid composition comparisons showed identity with the heavy chain of immunoglobulin M (IgM). Reduction sensitivity experiments and the recognition of the band by antibodies specific for rabbit mu chain indicated that the multiprotein complex contained pentameric IgM. Immunoelectron microscopy showed that anti-mu chain antibodies and monoclonal antibodies to OspA and OspB bound to extracellular amorphous material surrounding cells. Furthermore, the Osps coprecipitated with either nonspecific polyclonal rabbit IgM antibodies or with murine monoclonal anti-human serum albumin IgM antibodies, using insoluble anti-mu chain antibody conjugates. Although the apparent 83-kDa complex was stable under conditions of chelation and concentrated salts, it was disrupted by treatment with neuraminidase. These results indicate that extracellular B. burgdorferi proteins, including OspA and OspB, interact with IgM. The association is apparently not a classic antibody-antigen interaction but may result from other mechanisms.
The Case for Simulation as Part of a Comprehensive Patient Safety Program (2013)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious Issues Collections Obstetric Airway ManagementMaternal EmbolismRegional Anesthesia for Cesarean SectionGeneral Anesthesia for Cesarean SectionAnalgesia for LaborObstetric HemorrhagePre-Eclampsia/EclampsiaPharmacologyTraumaInfection and SepsisMaternal ObesityMaternl Morbidity and MortalityNeonatal Morbidity and MortalityObstetric ComplicationsAnesthetic ComplicationsNon-Obstetric Maternal DiseaseCritical CareDrug Abuse in PregnancyEthicsSystems Based Practice For Authors Information for AuthorsLanguage Editing Services Journal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and Permissions All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
A Miniaturized Hemoretractometer for Blood Clot Retraction Testing (2016)

Blood coagulation is a critical hemostatic process that must be properly regulated to maintain a delicate balance between bleeding and clotting. Disorders of blood coagulation can expose patients to the risk of either bleeding disorders or thrombotic diseases. Coagulation diagnostics using whole blood is very promising for assessing the complexity of the coagulation system and for global measurements of hemostasis. Despite the clinic values that existing whole blood coagulation tests have demonstrated, these systems have significant limitations that diminish their potential for point-of-care applications. Here, recent advancements in device miniaturization using functional soft materials are leveraged to develop a miniaturized clot retraction force assay device termed mHemoRetractoMeter (mHRM). The mHRM is capable of precise measurements of dynamic clot retraction forces in real time using minute amounts of whole blood. To further demonstrate the clinical utility of the mHRM, systematic studies are conducted using the mHRM to examine the effects of assay temperature, treatments of clotting agents, and pro- and anti-coagulant drugs on clot retraction force developments of whole blood samples. The mHRM's low fabrication cost, small size, and consumption of only minute amounts of blood samples make the technology promising as a point-of-care tool for future coagulation monitoring.
Lightweight predication support for out of order processors (2009)

The benefits of Out of Order (OOO) processing are well known, as is the effectiveness of predicated execution for unpredictable control flow. However, as previous research has demonstrated, these techniques are at odds with one another. One common approach to reconciling their differences is to simplify the form of predication supported by the architecture. For instance, the only form of predication supported by modern OOO processors is a simple conditional move. We argue that it is the simplicity of conditional move that has allowed its widespread adoption, but we also show that this simplicity compromises its effectiveness as a compilation target. In this paper, we introduce a generalized form of hammock predication - called predicated mutually exclusive groups - that requires few modifications to an existing processor pipeline, yet presents the compiler with abundant predication opportunities. In comparison to non-predicated code running on an aggressively clocked baseline system, our technique achieves an 8% speedup averaged across three important benchmark suites.
Abstract 333: USP1 is required for replication fork stability in BRCA1-deficient tumors (2018)

Abstract Homologous-recombination (HR) deficient tumors with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations exhibit replication fork stability defects. To date, PARP inhibitors are the only targeted therapy available in the clinic against HR deficient tumors, and alternative therapies are needed. In this study, we found a deubiquitinase, USP1, to be significantly upregulated in tumors with mutations in BRCA1. SiRNA mediated silencing or small molecule inhibition of USP1 activity resulted in replication fork destabilization and decreased viability of BRCA1 deficient cells, revealing a synthetic lethal relationship between USP1 and BRCA1. The cofactor of USP1, UAF1, had previously been shown to have DNA-binding activity. We observed that USP1 independently binds to and is stimulated by fork DNA. It is therefore the first known deubiquitinase (DUB) to be directly regulated by DNA binding. A truncated form of USP1, lacking its DNA binding region, was not stimulated by DNA and failed to localize and protect the replication fork. Persistence of monoubiquitinated PCNA at the replication fork was the mechanism of fork destabilization and cell death in the absence of USP1. Loss of monoubiquitinated PCNA, resulting from RAD18 knockdown, rescued the sensitivity and replication fork instability induced by USP1 inhibition. USP1 therefore is the first DUB enzyme exhibiting DNA-mediated activation at the replication fork, and is required for fork protection in BRCA1 deficient cells. We propose small molecule inhibitors against USP1 as a therapeutic option for BRCA1 deficient cancers. Citation Format: Kah Suan Lim, Heng Li, Emma A. Roberts, Emily F. Gaudiano, Connor Clairmont, Karthikeyan Ponnienselvan, Jessica C. Liu, Kalindi Parmar, Ning Zheng, Alan D'Andrea. USP1 is required for replication fork stability in BRCA1-deficient tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 333.
Analysis of signal-to-noise ratio impact in heat assisted magnetic recording under insufficient head field (2015)

In this work, we present a systematic modeling analysis of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) impact on recording under insufficient head field for heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR). A typical head design in the absence of a medium soft underlayer is utilized in the modeling. The study shows that sufficient head field amplitude is critical for realization of expected HAMR recording performance. The strong correlation between recording time window and medium signal-to-noise ratio provides insightful understanding to medium and recording optimization when head field is not sufficiently high. The analysis is also performed with the inclusion of grain-to-grain Curie temperature (Tc) variation in the medium.
Genotypic and Developmental Evidence for the Role of Plasmodesmatal Regulation in Cotton Fiber Elongation Mediated by Callose Turnover (2004)

Cotton fibers are single-celled hairs that elongate to several centimeters long from the seed coat epidermis of the tetraploid species (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense). Thus, cotton fiber is a unique system to study the mechanisms of rapid cell expansion. Previous work has shown a transient closure of plasmodesmata during fiber elongation (Y.-L. Ruan, D.J. Llewellyn, R.T. Furbank [2001] Plant Cell 13: 47-60). To examine the importance of this closure in fiber elongation, we compared the duration of the plasmodesmata closure among different cotton genotypes differing in fiber length. Confocal imaging of the membrane-impermeant fluorescent molecule carboxyfluorescein revealed a genotypic difference in the duration of the plasmodesmata closure that positively correlates with fiber length among three tetraploid genotypes and two diploid progenitors. In all cases, the closure occurred at the rapid phase of elongation. Aniline blue staining and immunolocalization studies showed that callose deposition and degradation at the fiber base correlates with the timing of plasmodesmata closure and reopening, respectively. Northern analyses showed that the expression of a fiber-specific beta-1,3-glucanase gene, GhGluc1, was undetectable when callose was deposited at the fiber base but became evident at the time of callose degradation. Genotypically, the level of GhGluc1 expression was high in the short fiber genotype and weak in the intermediate and long fiber genotypes. The data provide genotypic and developmental evidence that (1) plasmodesmata closure appears to play an important role in elongating cotton fibers, (2) callose deposition and degradation may be involved in the plasmodesmata closure and reopening, respectively, and (3) the expression of GhGluc1 could play a role in this process by degrading callose, thus opening the plasmodesmata.
Unique Interaction Pattern for a Functionally Biased Ghrelin Receptor Agonist (2011)

Based on the conformationally constrained D-Trp-Phe-D-Trp (wFw) core of the prototype inverse agonist [D-Arg(1),D-Phe(5),D-Trp(7,9),Leu(11)]substance P, a series of novel, small, peptide-mimetic agonists for the ghrelin receptor were generated. By using various simple, ring-constrained spacers connecting the D-Trp-Phe-D-Trp motif with the important C-terminal carboxyamide group, 40 nm agonism potency was obtained and also in one case (wFw-Isn-NH(2), where Isn is isonipecotic acid) ~80% efficacy. However, in contrast to all previously reported ghrelin receptor agonists, the piperidine-constrained wFw-Isn-NH(2) was found to be a functionally biased agonist. Thus, wFw-Isn-NH(2) mediated potent and efficacious signaling through the Gα(q) and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, but in contrast to all previous ghrelin receptor agonists it did not signal through the serum response element, conceivably the Gα(12/13) pathway. The recognition pattern of wFw-Isn-NH(2) with the ghrelin receptor also differed significantly from that of all previously characterized unbiased agonists. Most importantly, wFw-Isn-NH(2) was not dependent on GluIII:09 (Glu3.33), which otherwise is an obligatory TM III anchor point residue for ghrelin agonists. Molecular modeling and docking experiments indicated that wFw-Isn-NH(2) binds in the classical agonist binding site between the extracellular segments of TMs III, VI, and VII, interacting closely with the aromatic cluster between TMs VI and VII, but that it does so in an opposite orientation as compared with, for example, the wFw peptide agonists. It is concluded that the novel peptide-mimetic ligand wFw-Isn-NH(2) is a biased ghrelin receptor agonist and that the selective signaling pattern presumably is due to its unique receptor recognition pattern lacking interaction with key residues especially in TM III.
Large Second-Order Nonlinearity in Poled Fused Silica* (1991)

We report the first observation of a permanent second-order nonlinearity in the near surface region of commercially available bulk fused SiO 2 induced by a combined temperature / static electric field poling process. The observed χ (2) is three to four orders of magnitude larger than found in fiber experiments and approaches that of LiNbO 3 . The preparation process for generating the χ (2) nonlinearity involves heating to 250-325°C, in laboratory ambient, while applying a DC bias of 3-5 kV across the nominally 1.6-mm thick samples. After approximately 15 minutes the sample is allowed to cool with the bias still applied. Once cooled, a permanent nonlinearity is observed without any bias by second- harmonic generation (SHG) experiments. The nonlinearity can be erased by heating alone and reestablished by repeating the poling procedure. Poled samples kept at room temperature for almost a year without any special precautions show no noticeable degradation of the nonlinearity. The depth profile of the nonlinearity, probed with a chemical etching process, was found to be exponential with a characteristic decay length of a few μm's. The χ (2) coefficient, measured by comparing the SHG power generated in LiNbO 3 , was χ (2) 33 ≈ 1x10 -12 m/V. Additional measurements suggest that the nonlinearity is associated with a strong electric field frozen into the near surface region of the SiO 2 by electrons in deep traps associated with impurities and by charge transport of mobile ions such as Na + under the applied field. Because of the ready manufacturability of silica and its established integration with semiconductor electronics and optoelectronics, this nonlinearity will have important applications.
Abrasion resistant active braze alloys for metal single layer technology (1997)

The technology of brazing a single layer of abrasive on to the surface of a grinding tool, metal single layer (MSL) technology, provides an alternative way to make use of the superabrasives diamond and cubic boron nitride in machining ceramic materials or superalloys, cutting of construction materials, etc. For certain applications of MSL bonded wheels, the grinding or cutting process is very abrasive and the wear resistance of the braze alloy often dominates the wheel failure. The wear resistance of the braze alloy typically used for MSL can be improved by incorporating hard dispersoids. The present study examines the effect of particulate molybdenum, tungsten, SiC, WC, and TiC dispersoids on the wear resistance of Cu–Sn–Ti active braze alloys. Among these, TiC was identified as most effective in enhancing the abrasive resistance of the braze alloy. It was found that a braze alloy of 75 Cu–25Sn–12·5Ti–7·5Zr–10TiC–0·2C (by weight) exhibits high wear-resistance and excellent performance in cutting tests on green concrete.
Trajectories and Maneuvers of Surrounding Vehicles With Panoramic Camera Arrays (2016)

Vision-based research for intelligent vehicles have traditionally focused on specific regions around a vehicle, such as a front looking camera for, e.g., lane estimation. Traffic scenes are complex and vital information could be lost in unobserved regions. This paper proposes a framework that uses four visual sensors for a full surround view of a vehicle in order to achieve an understanding of surrounding vehicle behaviors. The framework will assist the analysis of naturalistic driving studies by automating the task of data reduction of the observed trajectories. To this end, trajectories are estimated using a vehicle detector together with a multiperspective optimized tracker in each view. The trajectories are transformed to a common ground plane, where they are associated between perspectives and analyzed to reveal tendencies around the ego-vehicle. The system is tested on sequences from 2.5 h of drive on US highways. The multiperspective tracker is tested in each view as well as for the ability to associate vehicles bet-ween views with a 92% recall score. A case study of vehicles approaching from the rear shows certain patterns in behavior that could potentially influence the ego-vehicle.
Affect-Driven Dialog Generation (2019)

Pierre Colombo, Wojciech Witon, Ashutosh Modi, James Kennedy, Mubbasir Kapadia. Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). 2019.
Module placement on BSG-structure and IC layout applications (1996)

A new method of packing the rectangles (modules) is presented with applications to IC layout design. It is based on the bounded-sliceline grid (BSG) structure. The BSG dissects the plane into rooms associated with binary relations ``right-to''and ``above'' such that any two rooms are uniquely in either relation. A packing is obtained through an assignment of modules on the BSG, followed by physical realization BSG-PACK. A simulated annealing searches for a good packing of all packings by changing the assignments. Experiments showed that hundreds of rectangles are easily packed in a small rectangle area (chip) with a quite good quality in area efficiency. A wide adaptability is demonstrated specific to IC layout design. Remarkable examples are: the chip is not necessarily rectangle, L-shaped modules and modules which are allowed to partially overlap each other can be handled.