gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Dual handover triggers to improve QoE for indoor and outdoor mobility (2014)

The use of mobile data is rapidly increasing along with the popularity of smartphones and tablets. The use of indoor data, especially, is expected to be further increased. Indoor cell evolved Node Bs (eNBs) are being installed and they are expected to increase the areas overlaid by indoor and outdoor cells to offload indoor mobile data. We confirmed increases in the handover (HO) failure rates from our analysis of field measurements due to rapid drops in communication quality when user equipment (UE) moved through the doors of a building. If HO failure occurred, the quality of experience (QoE) for real-time applications, e.g., voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) and streaming, degraded due to service interruptions and rebuffering. Thus, it was important to reduce the HO failure rates and disconnection times due to HO failure. We propose a scheme of dual HO triggers that improves the performance of HO from/to an indoor cell while maintaining that of HO between outdoor cells. The proposed scheme introduces events to UE measurement reports to detect rapid drops in communication quality in addition to conventional events that are optimized to the HO between outdoor cells. LTE simulations confirmed that the new HO trigger prevented UE from going out-of-synchronization before the completion of the HO process. The simulation results indicated that the proposed scheme improved indoor-cell-related QoE. More specifically, the number of dropped calls reduced by 87%, the number of service interruptions for VoIP reduced by 92%, and the HO failure rate reduced by 23 points. Moreover, the proposed scheme also improved outdoor-cell-related QoE. In short, it significantly improved QoE by reducing HO failure rates in indoor and outdoor cell environments.
Pressure Ulcer Prevention System: Validation in a Clinical Setting (2018)

The incidence of pressure ulcer problems continue to increase substantially. The proposed system would prevent pressure ulcers by alerting the patient or caregiver to a potentially harmful level of pressure that could lead to irreversible tissue damage. Analysis from two different animal models are presented. Measurement results show that rate of sampling of contact pressure with real time measurement and communication can eventually alert a caregiver to a condition requiring intervention.
NR Wide Bandwidth Operations (2017)

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is in the process of developing the next generation radio access technology, named New Radio (NR), which will be proposed as a candidate technology for IMT-2020. This article outlines the wide bandwidth operation of NR, among other new features being considered, based on the up-to-date discussions and decisions made in 3GPP standardization meetings. The much wider channel bandwidth of NR, compared to LTE, enables more efficient use of resources than the existing carrier aggregation framework at lower control overhead. The support of multiple sub-carrier spacing options allows NR to operate in a wide range of carrier frequency from sub-6 GHz band to mmWave band with appropriate handling of multi-path delay spread and phase noise depending on the carrier frequency. In addition, the introduction of the new bandwidth part concept allows to flexibly and dynamically configure User Equipment's (UE's) operating bandwidth, which will make NR an energy efficient solution despite the support of wide bandwidth. Other NR wideband operation related issues, such as the support of UEs with limited radio frequency (RF) capability and frequency domain resource indexing, are also explained in this article.
Fluorescence lifetime dynamics of enhanced green fluorescent protein in protein aggregates with expanded polyglutamine (2010)

Protein aggregation is one of the characteristic steps in a number of neurodegenerative diseases eventually leading to neuronal death and thorough study of aggregation is required for the development of effective therapy. We apply fluorescence lifetime imaging for the characterization of the fluorescence dynamics of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) in fusion with the polyQ-expanded polyglutamine stretch. At the expansion of polyQ above 39 residues, it has an inherent propensity to form amyloid-like fibrils and aggregates, and is responsible for Huntington's disease. The results of the experiments show that expression of the eGFP in fusion with the 97Q protein leads to the decrease of the eGFP fluorescence lifetime by approximately 300 ps. This phenomenon does not appear in Hsp104-deficient cells, where the aggregation in polyQ is prevented. We demonstrate that the lifetime decrease observed is related to the aggregation per se and discuss the possible role of refractive index and homo-FRET in these dynamics.
Modelos retributivos post Covid-19 (2020)

Con una evolucion de la pandemia in crescendo y un escenario de recuperacion incierto, los modelos retributivos vuelven a situarse en el punto de mira. La evolucion de los mismos pasa a ser un elemento estrategico para la continuidad saludable del proyecto empresarial.
Investigation on some matrix‐dominated properties of hybrid multiscale composites based on carbon fiber/carbon nanotube modified epoxy (2012)

Abstract Continuous fiber reinforced polymer‐based composites have outstanding fiber‐dominated properties but unsatisfactory matrix‐dominated performances. In this investigation, carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites modified with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated to evaluate the effects of CNTs on some matrix‐dominated properties of the resulting hybrid multiscale composites. Carboxylic acid functionalized multiwalled CNTs were dispersed in epoxy by using high energy sonication, followed by the fabrication of the composites laminates with the epoxy/CNTs dispersion. The dispersion quality of CNTs in epoxy and the capillary infiltration of continuous fiber with the epoxy/CNTs dispersion were characterized using optical microscope and capillary experiment to optimize the processing parameters. A CNTs loading of 1 wt % significantly improved the flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength of the composites containing varying scale reinforcements by 51.8% and 34.2%, respectively, as compared to the control carbon/epoxy composites. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the fracture surface of the failed specimens. The moisture absorption behavior of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites with and without CNTs was investigated by comparing the weight gain and shear properties degradation in distilled water and 1.5 wt % brine. The integration of CNTs in composites is found to contribute to the medium‐dependent moisture adsorption behavior. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Modular Synthesis of Novel Chiral Phosphorous Triamides Based on (<i>S</i>)‐<i>N</i>‐(Pyrrolidin‐2‐ylmethyl)aniline and Their Application in Asymmetric Catalysis (2009)

Abstract A set of new P‐chiral phosphorous triamides (PTAs) based on the ( S )‐ N ‐(pyrrolidin‐2‐ylmethyl)aniline backbone was prepared by modular synthetic procedures. The chirality at phosphorus can be controlled to a large extent by the synthetic route, and high diastereomeric purities were achieved for most of the reported ligands. This ligand family was evaluated in the copper‐catalysed Michael addition of diethylzinc to cyclohex‐2‐enone, and moderate enantioselectivities were achieved. In the asymmetric nickel‐catalysed hydrovinylation of styrene, good conversions and chemoselectivities, together with promising enantioselectivities of up to 60 %, were obtained with the new PTA ligands even at relatively high reaction temperatures.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Speed Control of a Brushless Static Kramer System (1981)

A new brushless speed control system is proposed which consists of a self-cascade induction motor and a brushless commutatorless motor. The slip power extracted from the stator terminals of the induction motor is converted to mechanical power by the commutatorless motor, which is coupled mechanically to the induction motor shaft. The field control method, the advance angle control method, and the dc chopper control method for speed variation are discussed. The experiments using a prototype self-cascade motor which has single-winding schemes both on the stator and rotor show that smooth peed variation can be achieved by dc chopper control. The proposed system offers the advantages of highly reliable, maintenance-free operation, and has less reactive power and smaller harmonic contents in supply lines than conventional systems.
Clique coverings of graphs V: maximal-clique partitions (1982)

A maximal-clique partition of a graph G is a way of covering G with maximal complete subgraphs, such that every edge belongs to exactly one of the subgraphs. If G has a maximal-clique partition, the maximal-clique partition number of G is the smallest cardinality of such partitions. In this paper the existence of maximal-clique partitions is discussed – for example, we explicitly describe all graphs with maximal degree at most four which have maximal-clique partitions - and discuss the maximal-clique partition number and its relationship to other clique covering and partition numbers. The number of different maximal-clique partitions of a given graph is also discussed. Several open problems are presented.
MicroRNA expression profiles of serum from patients before and after chemotherapy (2015)

Recovery of the blood and immune system after chemotherapy requires proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HPSCs). It has been shown that systemically released factors in serum after chemotherapy stimulate HSPC expansion in vitro. We wondered if microRNAs (miRNAs) circulating in serum could account for this effect. Therefore, we compared the miRNA expression profiles of serum from patients with hematologic malignancies before and after chemotherapy. In addition to a general decrease in miRNA expression after chemotherapy, we found 23 miRNAs to be significantly differentially expressed in serum before versus after chemotherapy. The miRNA microarray data are available at NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) Series accession number GSE57570. Here, we provide a detailed protocol of the miRNA microarray and data analysis.
Suramin inhibits bone resorption and reduces osteoblast number in a neonatal mouse calvarial bone resorption assay (1992)

The antineoplastic properties of suramin, a polyanionic agent with demonstrated antigrowth factor activity, are under evaluation in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials. Suramin has been shown to have antitumor activity in patients with advanced, hormone refractory prostate cancer. During these trials, significant resolution of osseous pain was observed in nearly three quarters of the patients treated with suramin. To evaluate the effect of suramin on bone cells, we studied the effect of suramin on bone resorption in a neonatal mouse calvarial assay. Suramin inhibited bone-resorbing activity in a dose-related fashion and had an additive effect with calcitonin. Calvaria pretreated with suramin had less bone-resorbing activity, fewer attached osteoblasts, and less medium alkaline phosphatase activity than control calvaria. Suramin also inhibited osteoclastic release of tritiated proline from labeled bone in a dose-dependent fashion. The effect of metastatic prostate carcinoma on bone is incompletely understood, but may be moderated by tumor-produced factors and/or cytokines. The effects of several such agents, therefore, were examined in combination with suramin. Bone resorption induced by PTH, epidermal growth factor, tumor necrosis factor, and a tumor-produced factor, PTH related-protein, was blocked by suramin. The ability of suramin to inhibit the bone-resorbing effects of several cytokines suggests that its mechanism may involve direct action on bone metabolism. Autoradiography performed on calvaria treated with labeled suramin demonstrated heavy deposition of suramin on the outer surface of the matrix, adjacent to osteoblasts and osteoclasts lining the outer table, suggesting that bone cells may be subject to high local concentrations of the drug, in keeping with this hypothesis.
Early Repeated <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET Scans During Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Fail to Predict Histopathologic Response or Survival Benefit in Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus (2010)

The %ΔSUVmax during the second week of induction chemoradiation did not correlate either with histopathologic response or with survival. Our results show that, in contrast to published reports on neoadjuvant chemotherapy, combined chemoradiotherapy in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus lowers the predictive accuracy of early repeated (18)F-FDG PET in identifying histopathologic responders and those with chances for increased survival below clinically applicable levels.
Electrochemical quantification of iodide ions in synthetic urine using silver nanoparticles: a proof-of-concept (2014)

Typical urinary iodide concentrations range from 0.3 μM to 6.0 μM. The conventional analytical method is based on the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. It involves the toxic reagent, arsenic acid, and a waiting time of 30 minutes for the iodide ions to reduce the cerium(iv) ions. In the presented work, an alternative fast electrochemical method based on a silver nanoparticle modified electrode is proposed. Cyclic voltammetry was performed with a freshly modified electrode in presence of iodide ions and the voltammetric peaks corresponding to the oxidation of silver to silver iodide and the reverse reaction were recorded. The peak height of the reduction signal of silver iodide was used to plot a calibration line for the iodide ions. Two calibration plots for the iodide ions were obtained, one in 0.1 M sodium nitrate (a chloride-ion free environment to circumvent any interference from the other halides) and another in synthetic urine (which contains 0.2 M KCl). In both of the calibration plots, linear relationships were found between the reduction peak height and the iodide ion concentration of 0.3 μM to 6.0 μM. A slope of 1.46 × 10(-2) A M(-1) and a R(2) value of 0.999 were obtained for the iodide detection in sodium nitrate. For the synthetic urine experiments, a slope of 3.58 × 10(-3) A M(-1) and a R(2) value of 0.942 were measured. A robust iodide sensor with the potential to be developed into a point-of-care system has been validated.
Mid-term results of a metal-backed glenoid component in total shoulder replacement (2010)

Total shoulder replacement is a successful procedure for degenerative or some inflammatory diseases of the shoulder. However, fixation of the glenoid seems to be the main weakness with a high rate of loosening. The results using all-polyethylene components have been better than those using metal-backed components. We describe our experience with 35 consecutive total shoulder replacements using a new metal-backed glenoid component with a mean follow-up of 75.4 months (48 to 154). Our implant differs from others because of its mechanism of fixation. It has a convex metal-backed bone interface and the main stabilising factor is a large hollow central peg. The patients were evaluated with standard radiographs and with the Constant Score, the Simple Shoulder Test and a visual analogue scale. All the scores improved and there was no loosening, no polyethylene-glenoid disassembly and no other implant-related complications. We conclude that a metal-backed glenoid component is a good option in total shoulder replacement with no worse results than of those using a cemented all-polyethylene prosthesis.
Predicting novel histopathological microlesions in human epileptic brain through transcriptional clustering (2014)

Although epilepsy is associated with a variety of abnormalities, exactly why some brain regions produce seizures and others do not is not known. We developed a method to identify cellular changes in human epileptic neocortex using transcriptional clustering. A paired analysis of high and low spiking tissues recorded in vivo from 15 patients predicted 11 cell-specific changes together with their 'cellular interactome'. These predictions were validated histologically revealing millimetre-sized 'microlesions' together with a global increase in vascularity and microglia. Microlesions were easily identified in deeper cortical layers using the neuronal marker NeuN, showed a marked reduction in neuronal processes, and were associated with nearby activation of MAPK/CREB signalling, a marker of epileptic activity, in superficial layers. Microlesions constitute a common, undiscovered layer-specific abnormality of neuronal connectivity in human neocortex that may be responsible for many 'non-lesional' forms of epilepsy. The transcriptional clustering approach used here could be applied more broadly to predict cellular differences in other brain and complex tissue disorders.
Novel Strip Process Strategy for Metal Gate (2012)

A new strategy was developed for processes targeting production of devices using high-k metal gate (HKMG). An oxygen (O2)-containing reducing chemistry, such as O2/hydrogen (H2) or O2/ammonia (NH3), can be used for post-etch descum when sacrificial oxidation is required. Tungsten (W)/poly gate (post-etch) employed for 1x nanometer (nm) NAND was stripped with O2-containing reducing chemistries and polymer was removed completely with no critical dimension (CD) loss contributed by W oxidation. Breakdown fields of the gate oxide were at the same level with or without plasma exposure. Substrate silicon (Si) was repaired by sufficient oxidation. Similar processes worked well for advanced patterning film (APF) removal. Further tuning of such processes meet the requirements of challenging high-dose implant strip (HDIS). Residue-free results were obtained combined with a wet strip scheme. The results from this study provide a novel and cost-effective process package for advanced metal gate strip.
Transgenic overexpression of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in murine arterial smooth muscle accelerates atherosclerotic lesion development (2010)

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) increases local IGF-I bioavailability through cleavage of inhibitory IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-4 in a variety of systems, including the cardiovascular system. To test the hypothesis that expression of PAPP-A promotes the development of atherosclerotic lesions, we generated transgenic mice that express human PAPP-A in arterial smooth muscle. Four founder lines were characterized for transgenic human PAPP-A mRNA and protein expression, IGFBP-4 protease activity, and tissue specificity. In study I, apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO) mice, a well-characterized mouse model of atherosclerosis, and ApoE KO mice expressing the human PAPP-A transgene at relatively high levels (ApoE KO/Tg) were fed a high-fat diet. At harvest, aortas were dissected and opened longitudinally for en face staining of lipid-rich lesions. Lesion area was increased 3.5-fold in aortas from ApoE KO/Tg compared with ApoE KO mice (P < 0.001), but no significant difference was seen in lesion number. In study II, replacement of PAPP-A expression in arterial smooth muscle of double ApoE KO/PAPP-A KO mice resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in lesion area (P = 0.002), without an effect on lesion number. PAPP-A transgene expression was associated with a significant increase in an IGF-responsive gene (P < 0.001), suggesting increased local IGF-I action. We therefore conclude that expression of human PAPP-A localized to arterial smooth muscle accelerates lesion progression in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. These data provide further evidence for the importance of PAPP-A in the cardiovascular system and suggest PAPP-A as a potential therapeutic target in the control of atherosclerosis.
The primase activity of DNA polymerase alpha from calf thymus. (1985)

The nearly homogeneous 9 S DNA polymerase alpha from calf thymus contains a primase activity that allows priming of DNA synthesis on single-stranded templates in the presence of ribonucleoside triphosphates. Both on synthetic and natural single-stranded templates, RNA primers of 8-15 nucleotides in length are formed. In the absence of dNTPs, primers of some hundred nucleotides in length are observable. ATP and/or GTP are required for the priming reaction. UTP and CTP cannot initiate the RNA synthesis. M13 single-stranded DNA can be converted to the nicked double helical form upon primase-primed replication by the 9 S enzyme. Priming occurs mostly at specific sites on the M13 genome and replication products of up to 6000 nucleotides in length are formed. In the presence of the single-stranded DNA binding protein from Escherichia coli, specificity of priming is strongly increased. The primase is inhibited by salt and actinomycin; it is insensitive to alpha-amanitin and N-ethylmaleimide. Due to the strong complex formation between DNA polymerase and primase, it has not been possible to separate the two activities of the multisubunit 9 S enzyme.
Fingerprinting Electronic Molecular Complexes in Liquid (2016)

Predicting the electronic framework of an organic molecule under practical conditions is essential if the molecules are to be wired in a realistic circuit. This demands a clear description of the molecular energy levels and dynamics as it adapts to the feedback from its evolving chemical environment and the surface topology. Here, we address this issue by monitoring in real-time the structural stability and intrinsic molecular resonance states of fullerene (C60)-based hybrid molecules in the presence of the solvent. Energetic levels of C60 hybrids are resolved by in situ scanning tunnelling spectroscopy with an energy resolution in the order of 0.1 eV at room-temperature. An ultra-thin organic spacer layer serves to limit contact metal-molecule energy overlap. The measured molecular conductance gap spread is statistically benchmarked against first principles electronic structure calculations and used to quantify the diversity in electronic species within a standard population of molecules. These findings provide important progress towards understanding conduction mechanisms at a single-molecular level and in serving as useful guidelines for rational design of robust nanoscale devices based on functional organic molecules.
Scroll heat sink: A heat sink with the moving fins inserted between the cooling fins (2008)

In this paper, a novel heat sink with moving fins inserted between cooling fins is suggested for electronics cooling applications. In the novel heat sink, instead of the fan module, moving fins are inserted in the intervals of fixed fins (cooling fins) for generating fluid flow. By the relative motion of the moving fins to the cooling fins, heat dissipation from the cooling fins to the coolant and discharge of the heated coolant occur simultaneously. In the present study, experimental investigation is performed in order to demonstrate the proposed concept of the heat sink. In the experimental study, the average fluid velocities and the thermal resistances are measured for various rotating speeds from 200 RPM to 500 RPM. Experimental results show that measured flow rates of the coolant are almost linearly proportional to the rotating speed of the moving fins. Finally, the thermal performance of the scroll heat sink is compared to that of an equivalent plate-fin heat sink under the same Reynolds number. The scroll heat sink has at least 14% lower thermal resistance than that of the equivalent plate-fin heat sink in the range 0.135 m/s < V <0.56 m/s.