gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Poly(phenylenevinylene) analogs with ring substituted polar side chains and their use in the formation of hydrogen bonding basedself-assembled multilayers (1998)

Poly(arylenevinylene) homopolymers and copolymers with polar hydroxy and carboxy moieties attached to the aromatic phenyl ring were prepared. The copolymers and the related homopolymers are copoly[5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methoxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene/1,4-phenylenevinylene], co(PHydroxyV-PV), and copoly(5-carboxymethoxy-2-methoxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene/1,4-phenylenevinylene), co(PCarboxyV-PV). For co(PHydroxyV-PV) the photoluminescence and electroluminescence spectra can be adjusted over a range of 100 nm as a function of the percentage of the hydroxy substituted phenyl ring. For co(PCarboxyV-PV) the observed spectral features are a function of the pH from which the final conjugated polymer was prepared. The optical density and photoluminescence of co(PCarboxyV-PV) films prepared from solutions at pH=12 were significantly blue-shifted compared to polymers prepared from pH=2 solutions at up to 30% substitution at the phenyl ring. The presence of the polar side chain was used to form self-assembled multilayer films, poly(ethyleneimine)/poly(styrenesulfonate)/co(PHydroxyV-PV), based on hydrogen bonding interactions rather than electrostatic forces. The luminescence spectra in the layered systems were blue-shifted compared to the spin coated films.
El Estado y la distribución de la riqueza (1989)

The plasma zinc and plasma copper was estimated in 81 patients with malignant disease. There was a striking decrease in plasma zinc levels in carcinoma of bronchus compared both with normals and most other types of malignancy.
Chemical Immobilization Effect on Lithium Polysulfides for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2017)

Despite great progress in lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs), great obstacles still exist to achieve high loading content of sulfur and avoid the loss of active materials due to the dissolution of the intermediate polysulfide products in the electrolyte. Relationships between the intrinsic properties of nanostructured hosts and electrochemical performance of LSBs, especially, the chemical interaction effects on immobilizing polysulfides for LSB cathodes, are discussed in this Review. Moreover, the principle of rational microstructure design for LSB cathode materials with strong chemical interaction adsorbent effects on polysulfides, such as metallic compounds, metal particles, organic polymers, and heteroatom-doped carbon, is mainly described. According to the chemical immobilizing mechanism of polysulfide on LSB cathodes, three kinds of chemical immobilizing effects, including the strong chemical affinity between polar host and polar polysulfides, the chemical bonding effect between sulfur and the special function groups/atoms, and the catalytic effect on electrochemical reaction kinetics, are thoroughly reviewed. To improve the electrochemical performance and long cycling life-cycle stability of LSBs, possible solutions and strategies with respect to the rational design of the microstructure of LSB cathodes are comprehensively analyzed.
Liquid-liquid equilibria for saturated aqueous solutions of sodium sulfate + 1-propanol, 2-propanol, or 2-methylpropan-2-ol (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid-liquid equilibria for saturated aqueous solutions of sodium sulfate + 1-propanol, 2-propanol, or 2-methylpropan-2-olDoris K. Brenner, Eric W. Anderson, Scott Lynn, and John M. PrausnitzCite this: J. Chem. Eng. Data 1992, 37, 4, 419–422Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1992https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/je00008a011https://doi.org/10.1021/je00008a011research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views235Altmetric-Citations25LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Independent in vitro assembly of a ribonucleoprotein particle containing the 3' domain of 16S rRNA. (1994)

Small (30S) subunits of Escherichia coli ribosomes are composed of 21 proteins and a 1542-nucleotide 16S rRNA, whose secondary structure is divided into three domains. An in vitro transcript of the 3' domain of 16S rRNA (residues 923-1542), assembles efficiently with 30S ribosomal proteins to form a compact ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particle. Isolated particles examined under the electron microscope have a globular appearance, similar in size and shape to the head of the 30S ribosomal subunit. Two-dimensional gel analysis of the particles indicates the presence of proteins S3, S7, S9, S10, S13, S14, and S19 and smaller amounts of S2, all of which have been localized to the head of the 30S subunit by immunoelectron microscopy and neutron diffraction and belong to the S7 assembly family. Interestingly, protein S4, which is believed to interact exclusively with the 5' domain, is also reproducibly found associated with the particles in significant amounts. Chemical probing of the RNA in the assembled particle reveals characteristic cleavage protection patterns, showing that the proteins assemble with the 3'-domain RNA similarly to the way in which they assemble with 16S rRNA, although some of the later steps of assembly appear to be incomplete. These results show that the 3' domain of 16S rRNA can indeed assemble independently of the rest of the 30S subunit into a particle that resembles its structure in the ribosome. In addition, the assembled particles are able to bind spectinomycin with an affinity comparable to that of 30S subunits.
Characterization and spatial distribution of the ELAV protein during <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> development (1991)

The embryonic lethal abnormal visual system (elav) gene of Drosophila melanogaster is required for the development and maintenance of the nervous system. Transcripts from this locus are distributed ubiquitously throughout the nervous system at all developmental stages. A product of this gene, the ELAV protein, has homology to known RNA binding proteins. The localization of the ELAV protein was studied in all developmental stages using antibodies that were generated against a hybrid protein made in Escherichia coli. In general, these data are consistent with previous results and demonstrate that (1) the ELAV protein is detected in the developing embryonic nervous system at a time coincident with the birth of the first neurons, (2) the ELAV protein is first detected in the majority of neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems of embryos, larvae, pupae, and adults, (3) the ELAV protein appears to be localized to the nucleus, and (4) the ELAV protein is not detected in neuroblasts or identifiable glia. These data also provide new information concerning elav expression and show that (1) ELAV is not expressed in the ganglion mother cells (GMCs), (2) while the ELAV protein is localized to the nucleus, it is not uniformly distributed throughout this structure, and (3) other Drosophila species do express an ELAV-like antigen. We propose that the elav gene provides a neuronal-housekeeping function that is required for the successful posttranscriptional processing of transcripts from a set of genes the function of which is required for proper neuronal development and maintenance.
Goblet Cell Degranulation after Antigen Challenge in Sensitized Guinea Pigs: Role of Neutrophils (1998)

Mucus hypersecretion is a common characteristic of asthma. Acute severe asthma is often associated with neutrophilic infiltration into airways. Neutrophils contain elastase, a potent secretagogue in airways. Therefore, we hypothesized that instillation of ovalbumin in sensitized guinea pigs causes goblet cell secretion by releasing elastase from recruited neutrophils. When we instilled ovalbumin into the trachea of ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs, early recruitment of neutrophils identified by 3,3'- diaminobenzidine staining, and goblet cell degranulation measured with a semiautomatic computer-based imaging system occurred. The Leumedin NPC 15669 (a drug that inhibits leukocyte recruitment) and an antibody to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) both prevented neutrophil recruitment and goblet cell degranulation, implicating leukocytes in the response. Using immunofluorescence we showed that the leukocytes recruited early after antigen challenge were CD-16-positive, implicating neutrophils. Pretreatment with the selective neutrophil elastase inhibitor ICI 200,355 also prevented ovalbumin-induced goblet cell degranulation, implicating elastase. We conclude that ovalbumin-induced goblet cell degranulation is due to neutrophil recruitment and elastase release.
Active Camera Stabilization from High Altitude Balloons (2017)

Many applications of High Altitude Ballooning (HAB) require maintaining a bearing in a non-inertial frame of reference, for example keeping a camera continuously pointed at the sun from a HAB payload in motion. Maintaining a consistent bearing is especially difficult on a HAB flight because it is hard to accurately measure and compensate the relative motion of the payload. In addition, friction, conservation of angular momentum, and errors in relative bearing measurement complicate the solution. This project aims to solve these issues using a combination of accelerometer data, gyro data, and a motor-driven platform. It was launched as part of the Far Horizons project at the Adler Planetarium, whose mission is bringing real space exploration down to Earth and into the hands of students, volunteers, and the public. The initial design was built for use in the 2017 Eclipse mission, but will also be used in missions such as mapping light pollution from a HAB platform. The system expands the capabilities of general HAB missions and can be open-sourced to provide the HAB community with a solution to a unique problem in High Altitude Ballooning.
Microstructured glass chip for ion-channel electrophysiology (2001)

We present a technique by which it is possible to produce a planar sensor for ion channel electrophysiology from glass substrates. Apertures with diameters in the low micrometer to submicrometer range are achieved by irradiation of a glass chip with a single heavy ion and subsequent wet track etching. The function of the device is demonstrated by recordings of single channel currents mediated by the model ion channel gramicidin A in lipid bilayers spanning the micromachined aperture.
Physicochemical Properties of Collagen from Acaudina Molpadioides and Its Protective Effects against H2O2-Induced Injury in RAW264.7 Cells (2020)

Collagen is a promising biomaterial used in the beauty and biomedical industries. In this study, the physicochemical characterization, antioxidant activities, and protective effects against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced injury of collagen isolated from <i>Acaudina molpadioides</i> were investigated. The amino acid composition analysis showed that the collagen was rich in glycine (Gly), alanine (Ala), and glutamic acid (Glu), but poor in tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe). Zeta potential analysis revealed that the isoelectric point (pI) of collagen from <i>Acaudina molpadioides</i> was about 4.25. It possessed moderate scavenging activities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radicals in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the collagen was able to effectively improve cell viability and morphology, inhibit the production of Malondialdehyde (MDA), and increase the activities of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) in cultured RAW264.7 cells, resulting in a protective effect against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced injury. Overall, the results showed that collagen extracted from <i>A. molpadioides</i> has promising prospects in the beauty and cosmetics industries.
Complexation of Metal Ions with TRAP (1,4,7-Triazacyclononane Phosphinic Acid) Ligands and 1,4,7-Triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic Acid: Phosphinate-Containing Ligands as Unique Chelators for Trivalent Gallium (2011)

Three phosphinic acid 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (TACN) derivatives bearing methylphosphinic (TRAP-H), methyl(phenyl)phosphinic (TRAP-Ph), or methyl(hydroxymethyl)phosphinic acid (TRAP-OH) pendant arms were investigated as members of a new family of efficient Ga(3+) chelators, TRAP ligands (triazacyclononane phosphinic acids). Stepwise protonation constants of ligands and stability constants of their complexes with Ga(3+), selected divalent metal, and Ln(3+) ions were determined by potentiometry. For comparison, equilibrium data for the metal ion-NOTA (1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid) systems were redetermined. These ligands exhibit high thermodynamic selectivity for Ga(3+) over the other metal ions (log K(GaL) - log K(ML) = 7-9) and a selective complexation of smaller Mg(2+) over Ca(2+). Stabilities of the Ga(3+) complexes are dependent on the basicity of the donor atoms: [Ga(NOTA)] (log K(GaL) = 29.6) > [Ga(TRAP-OH)] (log K(GaL) = 23.3) > [Ga(TRAP-H)] (log K(GaL) = 21.9). The [Ga(TRAP-OH)] complex exhibits unusual reversible rearrangement of the "in-cage" N(3)O(3) complex to the "out-of-cage" O(6) complex. The in-cage complex is present in acidic solutions, and at neutral pH, Ga(3+) ion binds hydroxide anion, induces deprotonation and coordination of the P-hydroxymethyl group(s), and moves out of the macrocyclic cavity; the hypothesis is supported by a combination of results from potentiometry, multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and density functional theory calculations. Isomerism of the phosphinate Ga(3+) complexes caused by a combination of the chelate ring conformation, the helicity of coordinated pendant arms, and the chirality of the coordinated phosphinate groups was observed. All Ga(3+) complexes are kinetically inert in both acidic and alkaline solutions. Complex formation studies in acidic solutions indicate that Ga(3+) complexes of the phosphinate ligands are formed quickly (minutes) and quantitatively even at pH <2. Compared to common Ga(3+) chelators (e.g., 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) derivatives), these novel ligands show fast complexation of Ga(3+) over a broad pH range. The discussed TRAP ligands are suitable alternatives for the development of (68)Ga radiopharmaceuticals.
A high-throughput method for the quantification of iron saturation in lactoferrin preparations (2013)

Lactoferrin is considered as a part of the innate immune system that plays a crucial role in preventing bacterial growth, mostly via an iron sequestration mechanism. Recent data show that bovine lactoferrin prevents late-onset sepsis in preterm very low birth weight neonates by serving as an iron chelator for some bacterial strains; thus, it is very important to control the iron saturation level during diet supplementation. An accurate estimation of lactoferrin iron saturation is essential not only because of its clinical applications but also for a wide range of biochemical experiments. A comprehensive method for the quantification of iron saturation in lactoferrin preparations was developed to obtain a calibration curve enabling the determination of iron saturation levels relying exclusively on the defined ratio of absorbances at 280 and 466 nm (A(280/466)). To achieve this goal, selected techniques such as spectrophotometry, ELISA, and ICP-MS were combined. The ability to obtain samples of lactoferrin with determination of its iron content in a simple and fast way has been proven to be very useful. Furthermore, a similar approach could easily be implemented to facilitate the determination of iron saturation level for other metalloproteins in which metal binding results in the appearance of a distinct band in the visible part of the spectrum.
Trimerisation of the Cationic Fragments [(-ring)M(Aa)]+ ((-ring) M=(5-C5Me5)Rh, (5-C5Me5)Ir, (6-p-MeC6H4iPr)Ru; Aa=-amino acidate) with Chiral Self-Recognition: Synthesis, Characterisation, Solution Studies and Catalytic Reactions of the Trimers [{(-ring)M(Aa)}3](BF4)3 (1999)

The formation of [{(η-ring)M(Aa)}3](BF4)3 trimers [(η-ring)M=(η5-C5Me5)Rh, (η5-C5Me5)Ir, (η6-p-MeC6H4iPr)Ru; Aa = α-amino acidate, one cation shown schematically] takes place by chiral self-recognition, the RMRMRM or SMSMSM trimers are equally configurated at the metal centres and are the only diastereomers detected. The equilibrium constant for the diastereomerisation process between both isomers depends on the solvent, amino acidate, and metal. The trimers catalyse the reduction of unsaturated aldehydes to unsaturated alcohols and the reduction of acetophenone to 2-phenylethanol with up to 75 % ee.
Active droplet generation in microfluidics (2015)

The reliable generation of micron-sized droplets is an important process for various applications in droplet-based microfluidics. The generated droplets work as a self-contained reaction platform in droplet-based lab-on-a-chip systems. With the maturity of this platform technology, sophisticated and delicate control of the droplet generation process is needed to address increasingly complex applications. This review presents the state of the art of active droplet generation concepts, which are categorized according to the nature of the induced energy. At the liquid/liquid interface, an energy imbalance leads to instability and droplet breakup.
Direct enantio- and diastereoselective Mannich reactions of malonate and β-keto esters with N-Boc and N-Cbz aldimines catalysed by a bifunctional cinchonine derivative (2006)

A highly enantioselective Mannich reaction between malonate esters and N-Boc and N-Cbz aldimines, catalysed by a bifunctional cinchonine derivative, has been developed; extension of this methodology to encompass the use of 2-substituted-1,3-dicarbonyl nucleophiles allows the formation of adjacent stereocentres, one of which is quaternary, in high relative and absolute stereocontrol.
Understanding the electronic structure of CdSe quantum dot-fullerene (C60) hybrid nanostructure for photovoltaic applications (2014)

By using the density-functional tight binding method, we studied the electronic structure of CdSe quantum dot(QD)-buckminsterfullerene (C60) hybrid systems as a function of both the size of the QD and concentration of the fullerene molecule. Our calculation reveals that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of the hybrid CdSeQD-C60 systems lies on the fullerene moiety, whereas the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level lies either on the QD or the fullerene depending on size of the CdSe QD. We explored the possibility of engineering the energy level alignment by varying the size of the CdSe QD. With increase in size of the QD, the HOMO level is shifted upward and crosses the HOMO level of the C60-thiol molecule resulting transition from the type-I to type-II band energy alignment. The density of states and charge density plot support these types of band gap engineering of the CdSe-C60 hybrid systems. This type II band alignment indicates the possibility of application of this nanohybrid for photovoltaic purpose.
Microstructure of Cesium Hydrogen Salts of 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid Relevant to Novel Acid Catalysis (2000)

A comprehensive interpretation of the microstructure and mechanism of the formation of a versatile solid acid catalyst, Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40, has been attempted by combining the new results obtained with solid-state NMR, XRD, SEM, and N2 porosimetry with the data reported previously. The precipitates of Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 just formed from aqueous solutions of H3PW12O40 and Cs2CO3 consist of ultrafine crystallites in which the acid form, H3PW12O40, is epitaxially deposited on the surface of Cs3PW12O40 crystallites. Calcination of the precipitates brings about the migration of H+ and Cs+ in the solid to form a nearly uniform solid solution in which protons distribute randomly through the entire bulk, as revealed by XRD and 31P solid-state NMR. Impregnation of Cs3PW12O40 with the aqueous solution of H3PW12O40 also gives the uniform salt after calcination. Pore-size distribution evaluated by the analysis of N2 desorption isotherm showed that Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 has mesopores as well as micropores that are interparticle voids of the crystallites. The initial heat of NH3 sorption indicated the presence of very strong acid sites on Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40. High catalytic activity of Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 reported for solid−liquid reaction systems is thus principally attributed to the strength and number of acid sites and the mesoporous structure appropriate for the rapid diffusion of molecules.
CAFCA: a Novel Tool for the Calculation of Amphiphilic Properties of Charged Drug Molecules (2000)

Amphiphilic compounds play crucial roles in biology. They represent molecules with an inherent tendency to orient themselves in a suitable environment (e.g. a lipid bilayer). The driving force behind this effect is probably one of the crucial reasons for structural organization in living matter. An amphiphile typically comprises a hydrophilic as well as a hydrophobic part. The prediction of amphiphilic properties of charged small molecules by means of our in-house developed program CAFCA is presented in this work. An experimentally derived quantification of amphiphilic properties of a compound, expressed in terms of free energy of amphiphilicity (ΔΔGAM), can be deduced from surface activity measurements. Amphiphilic moments are obtained by vector addition of individual atom/fragment contribution values. Calculated amphiphilic moments were subsequently calibrated with known free energies of amphiphilicity (ΔΔGAM) of a homologous series of small charged amphiphiles (n-alkylsulfonic acids). The influence of conformational effects of molecules on calculated amphiphilic moments were further investigated for a set of eight structurally diverse commercially available drugs with known free energies of amphiphilicity. It turned out that conformations with maximal distance between charged group and center of gravity of the non-charged residue of the molecule yielded best results. Our calculated data and molecular modeling studies are in good accordance with experimentally derived published values. Our program CAFCA (CAlculated Free energy of amphiphilicity of small Charged Amphiphiles) can be used to estimate preferred conformations as well as orientations of molecules in biological membranes and to quantify amphiphilic properties of molecules.
<title>Position-sensitive CZT detector module</title> (1998)

Coded mask imagers for future high energy x-ray astronomy missions will require detector planes with areas of hundreds to thousands of cm<SUP>2</SUP> and position resolutions < 1 mm. Such detectors will enable coded mask imagers to discover and study thousands of high energy x-ray sources. The UCSD/WU/UCR/NOVA collaboration has been developing CZT detector systems with crossed-strip readout to meet these requirements. We report progress on a compact detector module with 41 cm<SUP>2</SUP> area and 0.5 mm spatial resolution. The design includes the bias network and ASIC readout electronics, and allows modules to be combined in large area arrays with very high live-area factors. Results from laboratory and balloon flight tests are presented.