gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Mucin gene expression in ovarian cancers. (1998)

Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal disease with metastases present in the majority of patients at the time of diagnosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying the metastatic process of this cancer are not well understood. One family of cell-associated and secreted glycoproteins, the mucin glycoproteins, has been implicated in events leading to metastasis of several epithelial cancers including gastrointestinal and lung cancers. The purpose of this study was to characterize mucin gene expression in ovarian cancers and relate expression to tumor histology, stage, and patient survival. RNA was isolated from 29 epithelial ovarian cancers, 1 neuroendocrine carcinoma, 3 mixed mesodermal tumors, and two transformed, yet nonmalignant, ovarian epithelial cell lines. The expression of mucin genes, MUC1, 2, 3, 4, 5AC and 5B, was determined by northern analyses. Epithelial ovarian cancers expressed several mucins including MUC1, 2, 4, and 5AC; MUC3 and 5B were rarely expressed. In contrast, the transformed nonmalignant ovarian epithelial cell lines expressed only MUC1 and 5AC. Although there was no correlation of mucin expression with tumor histology, there was a significant decrease in expression of MUC3 and MUC4 with increasing cancer stage (P < 0.05). In addition, a trend toward improved patient survival occurred with increased expression of MUC4. These observations suggest a relationship between mucin gene expression and the metastatic process in epithelial ovarian cancers. Additional investigation of MUC3 and MUC4 in ovarian cancers may lead to new approaches for early detection and therapy.
Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori: A recent literature review (2015)

To review previous studies (the last 6 years) about the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) antibiotic resistance in order to evaluate the trend in antibiotic resistance.
Seasonal patterns of deaths in Matlab, Bangladesh (1998)

Marked seasonal patterns of deaths persist in the Matlab area of Bangladesh even as the level of mortality has declined.
The Hang Up (2020)

Over the past year, our ethics service has had numerous consultations involving patients who use the emergency department for regular dialysis. Sometimes, they have access to outpatient hemodialysis that they forgo; other times, they've been "fired" from this kind of outpatient facility, and so the ED is their last option. In most of these cases, we're called because the patient is disruptive once admitted to the ICU and behavior plans haven't helped. But the call from a resident this March 2020 morning was different, the patient had end-stage renal disease and often missed hemodialysis, but he wasn't disruptive. "It's just that he comes in after using cocaine, and given scarcity with the coronavirus and ICU beds…." I have come to think that this is one of the more insidious effects of the pandemic: that there will be a resurgence of the view that some patients deserve health care by virtue of their compliant behavior and that those who are nonadherent don't.
Lung-Seeking Metastases (2019)

Metastases from different cancer types most often affect the lung parenchyma. Moreover, the lungs are among the most frequent sites of growth of metastatic masses of uncertain/unknown lineage of origin. Thus, with regards to pulmonary neoplastic parenchymal nodules, the critical issue is to determine if they are <i>IN</i> the lung or <i>OF</i> the lung. In this review, we highlight the clinical, instrumental and molecular features which characterize lung metastases, mainly focusing on recently advancing and emerging concepts regarding the metastatic niche, inflammation, angiogenesis, immune modulation and gene expression. A novel issue is related to the analysis of biomechanical forces which cooperate in the expansion of tumor masses in the lungs. We here aim to analyze the biological, genetic and pathological features of metastatic lesions to the lungs, here referred to as site of metastatic growth. This point should be a crucial part of the algorithm for a proper diagnostic and therapeutic approach in the era of personalized medicine.
Optimum combining of multiple shipboard satcom antennas for hemispheric coverage (2002)

In order to avoid blockage and other siting problems, it is sometimes necessary to distribute a number of satcom antennas around a ship. These antennas may have limited scan range, such as with phased arrays. In combination, these antennas must provide complete hemispheric coverage even under maximum pitch and roll. In this paper, the arrangement and orientation of the individual antennas is determined that gives the minimum individual scan range. This determination is done for configurations including 3-, 4- and 5-side-facing antennas alone, and then 3-, 4-, and 5- side-facing antennas plus a zenith-facing face. Methods for plotting the outer scan contours are provided.
Cytological events leading to the cleavage of golden hamster zygotes (1975)

Fertilized golden hamster eggs were examined between 6 and 20 hours post-ovulation to determine the events leading to the two-cell stage. Following their migration the pronuclei remain in the central region of the zygote for approximately ten hours. The morphologically, indistinguishable male and female pronuclei remain relatively unchanged during this period, i.e., they do not interdigitate or fuse with one another as described for the zygotes of other organisms. Following this period and at the time of pronuclear breakdown elongate vesicles appear along the nucleoplasmic surface of the pronuclear envelopes. Later the pronuclear envelopes fragment into elongate cisternae; these and the vesicles formed along the inner lamina of the pronuclear envelopes remain closely associated and constitute quadrilaminar structures. The chromosomes which condense prior to and during pronuclear envelope breakdown, migrate to the equatorial plate of the forming cleavage spindle. After cytokinesis the chromosomes in the blastomere nuclei disperse. Increase in the nuclear envelope to accommodate this dispersion may involve the addition of membrane from the quandrilaminar structures.
Chinese-wall process confinement for practical distributed coalitions (2007)

A distributed coalition supports distributed mandatory access controls for resources whose security policies differ for each group of components over nodes, and provides secure information operations and exchanges with nodes that handle information over which conflicts of interest may occur. Many projects have proposed distributed coalitions using a virtual machine monitor, but this approach for strong confinement tends to hinder successful deployments in real world scenarios that involve complicated operations and management for applications because such access control is coarse-grained for the resources.
Community and violence: the reinvention of masculinities in chuck Palahniuk’s narrative (2021)

Los estudios de masculinidades estan teniendo una importante y necesaria repercusion en el campo de la critica literaria para la apertura de nuevos horizontes en los estudios de genero. En este contexto, la interactuacion de masculinidades hegemonicas y no hegemonicas en distintos entornos comunitarios dentro de la literatura es una cuestion relativamente poco estudiada. Las obras del autor norteamericano Chuck Palahniuk ofrecen un contexto social y argumentativo centrado en la America actual donde los personajes masculinos se ven asolados por una crisis identitaria marcada por el genero. El punto de partida de esta crisis es el patron de psique masculina disponible en el modelo comunitario individualista que existe a dia de hoy en los Estados Unidos. Palahniuk toma como referencia este status quo de la sociedad americana y lleva el simbolismo nacionalista, con una carga esencialmente religiosa, a extremos que conducen a estas comunidades a su autodestruccion, siendo la muerte como simbolo comunitario uno de los elementos mas importantes de su obra. Dicha demolicion comunitaria afecta tambien al “yo” masculino, que tambien es llevado al extremo, dando lugar a la ruptura de limites comunitarios y, en consecuencia, de genero. Para analizar las novelas seleccionadas de Palahniuk bajo este prisma, se parte de una aproximacion teorica interdisciplinar de estudios comunitarios y de masculinidades. Del primer campo, se han tomado referencias de autores como Jean-Luc Nancy, Jacques Derrida o Roberto Esposito, entre otros, que argumentan la falta de validez de la comunidad tradicional, sobre todo debido a su carga religiosa. Ya que la comunidad no puede entenderse sin el sujeto, y el sujeto esta intrinsecamente unido al cuerpo, la teorizacion de Nancy sobre el mismo tambien sera de vital importancia. Esto nos lleva a la cuestion (en comunidad, y nunca de forma aislada) del cuerpo masculino, y a su simbolismo de poder dentro de la comunidad, en este caso norteamericana. Para analizar y deconstruir dicho simbolismo de genero, figuras criticas como Connell, Horrocks, o Hearn, entre muchos otros, examinan la figura del hombre como un ente sexualizado y filtrado socialmente por estandares de genero diferentes a las mujeres, pero igual de daninos y limitadores. La combinacion de estos dos campos teoricos aplicados a la obra de Palahniuk pone de manifiesto la crisis social en la que se encuentra la America capitalista, que influye negativamente en la psique masculina. El autor, sin embargo, consigue, a traves de sus argumentos grotescos y extremos, crear rupturas en este esquema y promover alternativas diferentes e innovadoras.
Artificial Photosynthesis in Ranaspumin-2 Based Foam (2010)

We present a cell-free artificial photosynthesis platform that couples the requisite enzymes of the Calvin cycle with a nanoscale photophosphorylation system engineered into a foam architecture using the Tungara frog surfactant protein Ranaspumin-2. This unique protein surfactant allowed lipid vesicles and coupled enzyme activity to be concentrated to the microscale Plateau channels of the foam, directing photoderived chemical energy to the singular purpose of carbon fixation and sugar synthesis, with chemical conversion efficiencies approaching 96%.
Extended SSA with factored use-def chains to support optimization and parallelism (2018)

This paper describes our implementation of the Static Single Assignment (SSA) form of intermediate program representation in our parallelizing Fortran 90 compiler, Nascent. Although the tmditional SSA form algorithm renames variables uniquely at every definition point, it is not practical to add new names to the symbol table at all assignments. Thus, most implementations actually provide def-use chains for each definition. In contrast, we provide use-def chains, so that in the intermediate representation the link at each use points to its unique reaching definition. We discuss how our approach improves the implementation and eficiency of optimization and analysis techniques such as induction variable recognition and scalar dependence identification, used in the detection of parallelism. We also support parallelism by extending the traditional SSA form into languages with parallel constructs.
Adenosine Deaminase and Human Reproduction: A Comparative Study of Fertile Women and Women with Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion (1998)

The data suggest that women carrying the ADA*2 allele are better protected against the spontaneous loss of embryos and have a higher fertility rate.
Effects of cyclosporin on joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis (1997)

According to the most recent literature, few antirheumatic drugs can claim disease-controlling properties over the anatomical joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A small number of studies have favored one or another of the available agents, in particular parenteral gold salts, sulphasalazine and methotrexate, but the evidence regarding their efficacy is not convincing when analysed using methodological criteria known to be important in evaluating radiologic evidence of joint damage. The radiologic results in long-standing RA patients have shown that CsA may be of benefit in reducing disease progression. Data from the second year of a clinical trial designed to compare the disease-controlling, anti-rheumatic properties of CsA with those of conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in early RA support the hypothesis that CsA may be useful in delaying the appearance of new joint erosion.
Emerging pharmacological strategies in the fight against cocaine addiction (2006)

Cocaine addiction continues to be an important public health problem worldwide. At present, there are no proven pharmacotherapies for cocaine addiction. The studies reviewed here revealed a number of emerging targets for cocaine pharmacotherapy. First, disulfiram, a medication with dopaminergic effects, reduced cocaine use in a number of clinical trials. Second, GABA medications, tiagabine and topiramate, were found promising in clinical trials. Third, a beta-adrenergic blocker, propranolol, may be effective especially among cocaine-addicted individuals with high withdrawal severity. Fourth, treatment with a stimulant medication, modafinil, has reduced cocaine use. Last, a cocaine vaccine that slows entry of cocaine into the brain holds promise. These promising findings need to be further tested in controlled clinical trials.
“All they have seen is a model for failure:” Stakeholder’s perspectives on athletic talent development in American underserved communities (2021)

This study explores the primary challenges faced and strategies implemented in underserved athletic talent development environments (UATDEs) in the United States and examines how developing within such environments impacts athletes once they reach the college and professional levels of sports. Thirteen stakeholders (M = 10, F = 3), who had significant experience working with professional and youth athletes from underserved communities, participated in the study. Unstructured interviews lasting slightly over an hour (M = 74 min) were analyzed using the principles of reflexive thematic analysis and the process uncovered two categories: shared features of school-based UATDEs in the United States and the ripple effects of trauma which were used to structure the findings. Within these two categories, primary themes were presented relating to the challenges observed and strategies implemented to overcome these obstacles in UATDEs as well as how developing within a UATDE can influence an athlete upon leaving the environment. The study found that stakeholders (i.e., administrators, coaches, etc.) who work within UATDEs must be aware of the inherent challenges that the environment creates and how to best support the athletes who require increased psychosocial developmental attention. Further, the same stakeholders also need to be supported in their work. Finally, when athletes from UATDEs leave the environment, stress-inducing traumatic events of their formative years may stay with them requiring that stakeholders at the university and professional levels provide support to those that need it as talent can suffer from trauma.Lay summary: This study explored the perceptions of stakeholders who work with athletes in or coming from American underserved communities. The consensus is that significant challenges exist for coaches working in such environments and athletes developing in these circumstances will likely carry emotional trauma with them during their life and athletic careers.Implications for practiceApplied practitioners working in UATDEs must prioritize the psychosocial development of their athletes as much, if not more, than athletic development.Organizations, such as AASP and ISSP must educate (e.g., through conferences, seminars, webinars, etc.) stakeholders and coaches working in UATDEs of the potential challenges faced and resources required to excel in such environments.Applied practitioners in university and professional sport must understand that athletes coming from UATDEs will need additional and specialized support focused upon, for example, the transition to a new environment or managing the ripple effects of trauma.
Biochemical and Biological Characterization of a Human Rac2 GTPase Mutant Associated with Phagocytic Immunodeficiency (2001)

The Rho GTPase, Rac2, is expressed only in hematopoietic cell lineages, suggesting a specific cellular function in these cells. Genetic targeting studies in mice showed that Rac2 is an essential regulator of neutrophil chemotaxis, L-selectin capture and rolling, and superoxide production. Recently, a dominant negative mutation of Rac2, D57N, has been reported to be associated with a human phagocytic immunodeficiency. To understand further the cellular phenotypes associated with this D57N Rac2 mutant we examined its biochemical characteristics and functional effects when expressed in primary murine bone marrow cells. When compared with wild type (WT) Rac2, D57N Rac2 displayed approximately 10% GTP binding ability resulting from a markedly enhanced rate of GTP dissociation and did not respond to the guanine nucleotide exchange factors. These results suggest that D57N Rac2 may act in a dominant negative fashion in cells by sequestering endogenous guanine nucleotide exchange factors. When expressed in hematopoietic cells, D57N Rac2 reduced endogenous activities of not only Rac2, but also Rac1 and decreased cell expansion in vitro in the presence of growth factors due to increased cell apoptosis. Unexpectedly, D57N expression had no effect on proliferation. In contrast, expansion of cells transduced with WT Rac2 and a dominant active mutant, Q61L, was associated with significantly increased proliferation. Transplantation of transduced bone marrow cells into lethally irradiated recipients showed that the percentage of D57N-containing peripheral blood cells decreased markedly from 40% at 1 month to <5% by 3 months postinjection. Neutrophils derived in vitro from the transduced progenitor cells containing D57N demonstrated markedly impaired migration and O(2)(-) responses to formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, reflecting the same cellular phenotype in these differentiated cells as those described previously in patient cells. These data suggest that the phenotypic abnormalities associated with D57N Rac2 may involve not only neutrophil cellular functions, but also abnormal cell survival in other hematopoietic cells and that overexpression of Rac leads to increased proliferation of normal cells in vitro, whereas deficiency of Rac leads to increased apoptosis.
<i>UGT1A7</i>haplotype is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers (2008)

The UGT1A7 gene encodes UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, a key enzyme catalyzing the glucuronidation of various carcinogens. In this study, we investigated the association between haplotypes of the whole UGT1A7 gene and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Sequence analysis of exon1 and the promoter region of the UGT1A7 gene was carried out to determine haplotype profiles for 244 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 223 hepatitis B carriers, and 314 healthy control subjects. Hepatitis B carriers with haplotypes other than haplotype 1 (Ht1; CTCTCGTG at -341, -57, 33, 387, 391, 392, 622, and 756) had a significantly greater risk of developing HCC with odds ratios (OR) of 1.67 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.11-2.52) for Ht1/others and 1.85 (95% CI; 1.09-3.14) for others/others. In multivariate logistic regression analysis including age and haplotypes from Ht1 to Ht4, the presence of Ht2 (CGAGAACG) or Ht4 (CTCGAATG) was associated with HCC risk (OR = 1.45 [95% CI; 1.03-2.03] and 4.95 [95% CI; 1.75-13.98], respectively). The results of this study show that the UGT1A7 haplotype is a suitable susceptibility marker for the development of HCC in hepatitis B carriers.
The GCM domain is a Zn‐coordinating DNA‐binding domain (2002)

Glial cells missing (GCM) proteins form a small family of transcriptional regulators involved in different developmental processes. They contain a DNA-binding domain that is highly conserved from flies to mice and humans and consists of approximately 150 residues. The GCM domain of the mouse GCM homolog a was expressed in bacteria. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure and particle-induced X-ray emission analysis techniques showed the presence of two Zn atoms with four-fold coordination and cysteine/histidine residues as ligands. Zn atoms can be removed from the GCM domain by the Zn chelator phenanthroline only under denaturating conditions. This suggests that the Zn ions are buried in the interior of the GCM domain and that their removal abolishes DNA-binding because it impairs the structure of the GCM domain. Our results define the GCM domain as a new type of Zn-coordinating, sequence-specific DNA-binding domain.
High-resolution multiphoton tomography of human skin with subcellular spatial resolution and picosecond time resolution (2003)

High-resolution four-dimensional (4-D) optical tomography of human skin based on multiphoton autofluorescence imaging and second harmonic generation (SHG) was performed with the compact femtosecond laser imaging system DermaInspect as well as a modified multiphoton microscope. Femtosecond laser pulses of 80 MHz in the spectral range of 750 to 850 nm, fast galvoscan mirrors, and a time-correlated single-photon counting module have been used to image human skin in vitro and in vivo with subcellular spatial and 250-ps temporal resolution. The nonlinear induced autofluorescence originates from naturally endogenous fluorophores and protein structures such as reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, flavins, collagen, elastin, porphyrins, and melanin. Second harmonic generation was used to detect collagen structures. Tissues of patients with dermatological disorders such as psoriasis, fungal infections, nevi, and melanomas have been investigated. Individual intratissue cells and skin structures could be clearly visualized. Intracellular components and connective tissue structures could be further characterized by fluorescence excitation spectra, by determination of the fluorescence decay per pixel, and by fluorescence lifetime imaging. The novel noninvasive multiphoton autofluorescence-SHG imaging technique provides 4-D (x,y,z,tau) optical biopsies with subcellular resolution and offers the possibility of introducing a high-resolution optical diagnostic method in dermatology.
Association of IRF5 in UK SLE families identifies a variant involved in polyadenylation (2006)

Results from two studies have implicated the interferon regulatory gene IRF5 as a susceptibility gene in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, we conducted a family-based association analysis in 380 UK SLE nuclear families. Using a higher density of markers than has hitherto been screened, we show that there is association with two SNPs in the first intron, rs2004640 (P = 3.4 x 10(-4)) and rs3807306 (P = 4.9 x 10(-4)), and the association extends into the 3'-untranslated region (UTR). There is a single haplotype block encompassing IRF5 and we show for the first time that the gene comprises two over-transmitted haplotypes and a single under-transmitted haplotype. The strongest association is with a TCTAACT haplotype (T:U = 1.92, P = 5.8 x 10(-5)), which carries all the over-transmitted alleles from this study. Haplotypes carrying the T alleles of rs2004640 and rs2280714 and the A allele of rs10954213 are over-transmitted in SLE families. The TAT haplotype shows a dose-dependent relationship with mRNA expression. A differential expression pattern was seen between two expression probes located each side of rs10954213 in the 3'-UTR. rs10954213 shows the strongest association with RNA expression levels (P = 1 x 10(-14)). The A allele of rs10954213 creates a functional polyadenylation site and the A genotype correlates with increased expression of a transcript variant containing a shorter 3'-UTR. Expression levels of transcript variants with the shorter or longer 3'-UTRs are inversely correlated. Our data support a new mechanism by which an IRF5 polymorphism controls the expression of alternate transcript variants which may have different effects on interferon signalling.