gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Humidity-resistant high-conductivity amorphous-InZnO transparent conductors (2009)

Sputtered, amorphous mixed metal transparent conductive oxides, TCOs, are of increasing interest. The TCOs have excellent opto-electronic properties and smoothness (R <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RMS</sub> < 0.5 nm) obtained for films deposited at 50-150°C. In the case of amorphous InZnO (a-InZnO) films grown from a ceramic target with 20 atomic % ZnO in In <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> , conductivities ¿ ¿ 2500 S/cm are common. This project specifically centers on the combined materials phase space of oxygen stoichiometry and metals composition (In:Zn ratio) and their effect on the environmental stability and water permeability of the resultant transparent films. Amorphous IZO films deposited from a fixed composition target with a range of oxygen concentrations allowed for a comparison of the relative stability of various composition and conductivity. In the initial testing within an 85/85 chamber, the more conductive a-InZnO films with >1000 S/cm, did not show any change in conductivity or transparency after 1000 hrs. In contrast a-InZnO films of comparable thickness and <0.01 S/cm while remaining transparent would improve in conductivity anywhere from 10% to over 2 orders of magnitude. These results establish the possibility that a-InZnO layers may be a viable replacement to traditional resistive and conductive ZnO layers and may find application as a transparent, non-organic barrier layer.
Neural Network Analyses of Consciousness-Related Patterns in Random Sequences (1993)

Abstract- Researchers investigating the effects of mental intention on the output of random number generators have observed person-unique patterns or &quot;signatures &quot; impressed into the data. A previously reported study used an ar-tificial neural network to analyze the data produced in these experiments and found evidence supporting the signatures hypothesis. The present study again used a neural network to search for patterns, this time using new data and new network configurations. Results of eight analyses confirmed the presence of person-specific signatures. Suggestions for creating practical applications from this phenomenon are outlined.
Oxidative Degradation of Monoethanolamine (2002)

Oxidative degradation of monoethanolamine (MEA) was studied at 55 °C, typical of absorbers for CO2 removal from flue gas. The rate of evolution of NH3, which was indicative of the overall rate of degradation, was measured continuously in a batch system sparged with air. Dissolved iron from 0.0001 to 1 mM yielded oxidation rates from 0.37 to 2 mM/h in MEA solutions loaded with 0.4 mol CO2/mol MEA. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine effectively decreased the rate of oxidation in the presence of iron by 40−50%. Ferrous caused oxidation in unloaded MEA with stoichiometry from 0.1 to 0.33 mol NH3/mol Fe2+. Fe2+ from 0.0001 to 3.2 mM yielded rates from 0.12 to 1.1 mM/h. Ferric did not appear to catalyze oxidation in unloaded MEA.
Parametric study of a microstrip Yagi antenna (2002)

This paper presents an in-depth investigation into the design parameters of a microstrip Yagi antenna for possible use in an indoor wireless LAN system. The investigated antenna uses an aperture coupling feeding mechanism and can be placed in a horizontal plane to communicate with the base station. The variations of return loss and gain as a function of various dimensions of this antenna are studied with the aid of a full-wave electromagnetic field analysis tool to obtain an optimal performance.
Assessment of intramolecular contact predictions for CASP7 (2007)

Predictions of intramolecular residue–residue contacts were assessed as part of the seventh community-wide Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction experiment (CASP7). As in past assessments, we focused on contacts that lie far apart in sequence as these are likely to be more informative in predicting protein structure. One lab did somewhat better than others according to our assessment, and there is some reason to think that this lab's results represent progress over CASP6. In general, contacts inferred from 3D structural predictions are similar in accuracy to those predicted by contact prediction methods. However, contact prediction methods were more accurate for some targets. Proteins 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
CCR5-binding chemokines modulate CXCL12 (SDF-1)–induced responses of progenitor B cells in human bone marrow through heterologous desensitization of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor (2002)

Although the SDF-1 (CXCL12)/CXCR4 axis is important for B-cell development, it is not yet clear to what extent CC chemokines might influence B lymphopoiesis. In the current study, we characterized CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) expression and function of primary progenitor B-cell populations in human bone marrow. CCR5 was expressed on all bone marrow B cells at levels between 150 and 200 molecules per cell. Stimulation of bone marrow B cells with the CCR5-binding chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta (MIP-1beta; CCL4) did not cause chemotaxis, but CCL4 was able to trigger potent calcium mobilization responses and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in developing B cells. We also determined that CCR5-binding chemokines MIP-1alpha (CCL3), CCL4, and RANTES (CCL5), specifically by signaling through CCR5, could affect all progenitor B-cell populations through a novel mechanism involving heterologous desensitization of CXCR4. This cross-desensitization of CXCR4 was manifested by the inhibition of CXCL12-induced calcium mobilization, MAPK activation, and chemotaxis. These findings indicate that CCR5 can indeed mediate biologic responses of bone marrow B cells, even though these cell populations express low levels of CCR5 on their cell surface. Thus, by modulation of CXCR4 function, signaling through CCR5 may influence B lymphopoiesis by affecting the migration and maturation of B-cell progenitors in the bone marrow microenvironment.
Passivation Effect for the Reduction of 1/<i>f</i>Noise in Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonate) Thin Films Based on Uncooled Type Microbolometer Applications (2009)

In this study, resistance fluctuation or 1/ f noise was measured in thin films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The 1/ f noise of thin films is much larger than what is typical uncooled type microbolometer sensing material such as vanadium oxide films and amorphous silicon films. To use PEDOT:PSS thin films for a bolometric application, the 1/ f noise should be reduced. This study discusses the effect of passivation for reducing the 1/ f noise.
Scalable, end-pumped, diode-laser-pumped laser (1989)

A novel technique for scaling end-pumped lasers is demonstrated using three diode-laser arrays to pump a single Nd:YAG laser. Diffraction-limited output with a 58% slope efficiency was obtained. Simple arguments indicate that this method should allow at least an order of magnitude increase in pump power, compared with that from a single high-power diode array, to be focused into the same fixed-mode volume of the pumped laser. Such a scheme may be particularly useful with low-gain, quasi-three-level, or tunable lasers.
Histone acetyltransferase Rtt109 is required for <i>Candida albicans</i> pathogenesis (2010)

Candida albicans is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen that is the most prevalent cause of hospital-acquired fungal infections. In mammalian hosts, C. albicans is engulfed by phagocytes that attack the pathogen with DNA-damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS). Acetylation of histone H3 lysine 56 (H3K56) by the fungal-specific histone acetyltransferase Rtt109 is important for yeast model organisms to survive DNA damage and maintain genome integrity. To assess the importance of Rtt109 for C. albicans pathogenicity, we deleted the predicted homolog of Rtt109 in the clinical C. albicans isolate, SC5314. C. albicans rtt109(-/-) mutant cells lack acetylated H3K56 (H3K56ac) and are hypersensitive to genotoxic agents. Additionally, rtt109(-/-) mutant cells constitutively display increased H2A S129 phosphorylation and elevated DNA repair gene expression, consistent with endogenous DNA damage. Importantly, C. albicans rtt109(-/-) cells are significantly less pathogenic in mice and more susceptible to killing by macrophages in vitro than are wild-type cells. Via pharmacological inhibition of the host NADPH oxidase enzyme, we show that the increased sensitivity of rtt109(-/-) cells to macrophages depends on the host's ability to generate ROS, providing a mechanistic link between the drug sensitivity, gene expression, and pathogenesis phenotypes. We conclude that Rtt109 is particularly important for fungal pathogenicity, suggesting a unique target for therapeutic antifungal compounds.
Simulation of Process-Stress Induced Warpage of Silicon Wafers Using ANSYS® Finite Element Analysis (2010)

Wafers warp. It is important to minimize warpage in order to achieve optimal die yield and potentially prevent future device failure. Although the word warpage is widely used in the literature to represent wafer bow (convex or concave shape), in the real world wafers are often seen into warp into saddle shapes. This complicates the characterization of both the sources of and solutions to warpage, because (as will be discussed) Stoney's formula (relating intrinsic stress and curvature) does not apply for structures warped with compound curvature, and standard wafer warpage measurements are not designed to measure compound curvature. During thin film deposition, wafer warpage occurs due to the intrinsic stresses and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) mismatch of the different thin films and the substrate. Unfortunately, whereas the introduction of the thermal stresses due to CTE mismatch into a finite element model is easily understood, the introduction of intrinsic stress is not. Further, although a saddle shape is clearly a physically realizable (indeed, often preferred) equilibrium configuration for a circular disk (consistent with an appropriate state of stress), obtaining a saddle shape in a finite element solution turns out to be extremely difficult, as convex or concave shapes may also be stable and numerically preferred. In this paper, a finite element technique (using ANSYS software) to model wafer warpage is presented. Simulations have been done for silicon wafers with aluminum or standard UBM films on top. Saddle-shaped warpage has been successfully modeled, and the aggravating effects of thinning (back side grinding) have been reproduced.
ChemInform Abstract: New Aspects of Organo‐Selenium Compounds Containing Group 14 Elements (1992)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Real-time adaptive resource management (2001)

Distributed mission-critical environments employ a mixture of hard and soft real-time applications that usually expect a guaranteed range of quality of service (QoS). These applications have different levels of criticality and varied structures ranging from periodic independent tasks to distributed pipelines or event-driven modules. The underlying distributed system must evolve and adapt to the high variability in resource demands that competing applications impose. The current industry trend is to use commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware and software components to build distributed environments for mission-critical applications. The paper considers how adding a middleware layer above the COTS components facilitates consistent management of system resources, decreases system complexity, and reduces development costs.
On-Chip Fuel Cell: Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell of an Air-Breathing, Membraneless, and Monolithic Design (2008)

This paper proposes a novel design for a microfuel cell as an on-chip power source and demonstrates its fabrication and operation to prove the concept. Its simple design is important from the viewpoints of fabrication (e.g., replication), integration, and compatibility with other microdevices. In testing, the prototype cell was able to generate electric power (maximum: ca. 1.4 microW) on methanol without pumps under both neutral and acidic conditions. As for the size, the electrode part of the cell (two cathodes and one anode) is 400 microns in width and 6 mm in length. The evaluation demonstrated that the proposed design is a promising on-chip power source for miniature devices.
Investigation of Boron Diffusion from Polycrystalline Silicon (1986)

The diffusion of boron from polycrystalline silicon into single crystal silicon has been measured for average boron concentrations in the polysilicon ranging from . Oxygen and carbon contamination levels at the poly/single crystal silicon interface were also measured and were found to be low enough so that the boron diffusion is not affected. The boron concentration, on the single crystal silicon side of the interface is independent of the diffusion time when either boron‐implanted or in situ doped polysilicon is used. For highly doped polysilicon films, is also independent of the boron concentration in the polysilicon and in good agreement with the boron solubility in the range from 800° to 1000°C. For diffusions at 950°C, decreases slightly when the boron concentration in the polysilicon is decreased below . However, large changes in the boron penetration depth, , in the single crystal were measured for small changes in .
Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of the Acute Porphyrias (2005)

The acute porphyrias, 4 inherited disorders of heme biosynthesis, cause life-threatening attacks of neurovisceral symptoms that mimic many other acute medical and psychiatric conditions. Lack of clinical recognition often delays effective treatment, and inappropriate diagnostic tests may lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. We review the clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and genetics of the acute porphyrias and provide recommendations for diagnosis and treatment on the basis of reviews of the literature and clinical experience. An acute porphyria should be considered in many patients with unexplained abdominal pain or other characteristic symptoms. The diagnosis can be rapidly confirmed by demonstration of a markedly increased urinary porphobilinogen level by using a single-void urine specimen. This specimen should also be saved for quantitative measurement of porphobilinogen, 5-aminolevulinic acid, and total porphyrin levels. Intravenous hemin therapy, started as soon as possible, is the most effective treatment. Intravenous glucose alone is appropriate only for mild attacks (mild pain, no paresis or hyponatremia) or until hemin is available. Precipitating factors should be eliminated, and appropriate supportive and symptomatic therapy should be initiated. Prompt diagnosis and treatment greatly improve prognosis and may prevent development of severe or chronic neuropathic symptoms. We recommend identification of at-risk relatives through enzymatic or gene studies.
Resource Allocation for Coexisting ZigBee-Based Personal Area Networks (2008)

Personal healthcare is a promising market of a personal area network (PAN). The PAN consists of a data collector and multiple wearable sensors which must send data to the collector according to the frequency specified by each PAN. The data collector may be any hand-held or portable device, e.g., a mobile phone, a PDA, or a wristwatch. An individual user needs a PAN in order to detect, track, or manage his/her health. Multiple PANs for such purposes are likely to coexist in a same area, especially a place where a large number of users exist. Because multiple PANs must share resources (e.g., wireless channels, transmitting time) in this scenario, a problem of packet collisions among such PANs is unavoidable. As a result, the personal healthcare system using PAN cannot be provided as a service for the users because the data collector cannot collect sensing data from each sensor correctly. This paper proposes an adaptive scheme to allocate resources for coexisting PANs. The scheme distinguishes a PAN and a node when allocating resources such as wireless channel and transmitting time. Resources are dynamically allocated according to the current number of PANs that exist in the same area. In particular, the proposed scheme automatically reallocates resources when any PANs come into or leave from the coexisting area. As one of salient features, the scheme allocates transmitting time to meet a requirement on reporting interval determined by an application. Thus applications that are sensitive to delay can collect sensing data correctly and in time. The evaluation results show that our scheme achieves higher packet delivery rate than the standard ZigBee.
Amino acid sequence of CAP<sub>2b</sub>, an insect cardioacceleratory peptide from the tobacco hawkmoth <i>Manduca sexta</i> (1995)

The primary structure of a novel insect neuropeptide, Cardioacceleratory Peptide 2b (CAP2b), from the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta has been established using a combination of mass spectroscopy, Edman degradation microsequencing, amino acid analysis, and biological assays. The sequence of CAP2b, pyroGlu-Leu-Tyr-Ala-Phe-Pro-Arg-Val-amide, has a molecular weight of 974.6 and is blocked at both the amino and carboxyl ends. Examination of several national computer protein data bases failed to reveal other peptides or proteins with any sequence homology to CAP2b indicating that this is likely to be a novel insect neuropeptide. This peptide may be a general activator of insect viscera since it causes an increase in heart rate in Manduca and in Drosophila, and has also been implicated in the regulation of fluid secretion by the Malphigian tubules of Drosophila.
Multilayered and columnar competitive networks for spoken word recognition (2002)

We have presented a multilayered and columnar competitive network involving competitive associative nets (CANs) and adaptive vector quantization nets (AVQNs) for spoken word recognition. Although the network has shown good performance in recognition rate, it requires a relatively large calculation time owing to the CANs. So, here, we present a new network replacing the CANs by a conventional feature extractor and an additional AVQNs, where as the feature extractor we use one of the three conventional methods: RLS (recursive least squares) for extracting LPCs, LSL (least squares lattice) for PARCOR coefficients, and normalized LSL for normalized PARCOR coefficients. As a result of experiments, the normalized LSL shows almost the same performance as the original network in recognition rate while reducing the calculation time.
Phase II Study of Paclitaxel and Valspodar (PSC 833) in Refractory Ovarian Carcinoma: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (2001)

Valspodar in combination with paclitaxel has limited activity in patients with paclitaxel-resistant ovarian carcinoma. An international randomized clinical trial of paclitaxel and carboplatin with or without valspodar as first-line therapy in advanced ovarian cancer is underway.
Enabling End-Host Network Functions (2015)

Many network functions executed in modern datacenters, e.g., load balancing, application-level QoS, and congestion control, exhibit three common properties at the data-plane: they need to access and modify state, to perform computations, and to access application semantics -- this is critical since many network functions are best expressed in terms of application-level messages. In this paper, we argue that the end hosts are a natural enforcement point for these functions and we present Eden, an architecture for implementing network functions at datacenter end hosts with minimal network support. Eden comprises three components, a centralized controller, an enclave at each end host, and Eden-compliant applications called stages. To implement network functions, the controller configures stages to classify their data into messages and the enclaves to apply action functions based on a packet's class. Our Eden prototype includes enclaves implemented both in the OS kernel and on programmable NICs. Through case studies, we show how application-level classification and the ability to run actual programs on the data-path allows Eden to efficiently support a broad range of network functions at the network's edge.
Nissen Fundoplication Prevents Shortening of the Sphincter During Gastric Distention (1997)

By preventing sphincter shortening, a Nissen fundoplication improves competency of the LES to progressive degrees of gastric distention.
Age‐related reduction and independent predictors of toe flexor strength in middle‐aged men (2017)

Age-related reduction in toe flexor strength was earlier and greater than handgrip strength, and toe flexor strength reflects body composition and metabolic status.
Ultrahigh Gain, Low Noise, Ultraviolet Photodetectors with Highly Aligned Organic Crystals (2015)

An organic phototransistor with an ultrahigh gain of 1.1 × 107 is demonstrated, which employs a highly aligned dioctylbenzothienobenzothiophene (C8-BTBT) polycrystalline film as the photoactive layer. This high photodetecting gain reaches the parity of photomultiplier tubes but with tens of times smaller driving voltage. This low noise detector has a noise equivalent power of 14 pW cm−2. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Defective expression of GPIb/IX/V complex in platelets from patients with May-Hegglin anomaly and Sebastian syndrome. (2002)

These findings indicate that MYH9 mutations may be responsible for reduced surface expression of GPIb/IX/V. This defect could contribute to the bleeding tendency of these patients. The identification of a GPIb/IX/V defect in MHA-SBS platelets raises the question of the differential diagnosis from heterozygous Bernard-Soulier syndrome.
A study on tolerable waiting time: how long are Web users willing to wait? (2004)

Web users often face a long waiting time for downloading Web pages. Although various technologies and techniques have been implemented to alleviate the situation and to comfort the impatient users, little research has been done to assess what constitutes an acceptable and tolerable waiting time for Web users. This research reviews the literature on computer response time and users' waiting time for download of Web pages, and assesses Web users' tolerable waiting time in information retrieval. It addresses the following questions through an experimental study: What is the effect of feedback on users' tolerable waiting time? How long are users willing to wait for a Web page to be downloaded before abandoning it? The results from this study suggest that the presence of feedback prolongs Web users' tolerable waiting time and the tolerable waiting time for information retrieval is approximately 2 s.