gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4398: Native Endothelium Mimicking Self-Assembled Nanomatrix for Drug Eluting Stents (2009)

Introduction: Drug eluting stents (DES) is one of major therapeutic methods for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, recent reports suggest that DES has been associated with a higher risk of late thrombosis which may be related to inadequate endothelialization. Therefore, the main goal of this project is to develop the next generation of DES using a native endothelium mimicking self-assembled nanomatrix which will inhibit both restenosis and thrombosis while enhancing endothelialization from surrounding endothelium and endothelial progenitor cells circulating in the blood stream. Results: The nanomatrix is formed by self-assembly of peptide amphiphiles (PAs) which contain a nitric oxide (NO) producing donor and an endothelial cell adhesive ligand, YIGSR along with enzyme-mediated degradable sites. NO was successfully released from the nanomatrix rapidly within 48 hours followed by sustained release over period of 30 days. The NO releasing nanomatrix demonstrated a significantly enhanced prolifer...
Genetic Analysis of Soybean Plant Introductions with Resistance to<i>Phytophthora sojae</i> (2007)

ABSTRACT Phytophthora sojae, which causes Phytophthora root and stem rot of soybean, is a serious disease worldwide and is managed primarily by deploying cultivars with resistance. Thirty-two soybean plant introductions (PIs), all but three of which were from South Korea, were proposed as new sources of single-gene resistance to P. sojae. The objective of this study was to characterize the inheritance of resistance to P. sojae in these PIs. Twenty-two soybean populations from crosses of these PIs and the susceptible cv. Williams were inoculated with P. sojae OH17 (vir 1b, 1d, 2, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4, 5, 6, 7), and OH25 (vir 1a, 1b, 1c, 1k, 7). These isolates were selected because they are virulent on soybeans with all known Rps genes and many Rps gene combinations. Thirteen of the twenty-two populations had consistent segregation responses following inoculations between the two generations. In two PIs, resistance was conferred by two genes to OH17 and three genes to OH25. Resistance to both isolates was conferred by a single gene in PI 398440 although the individual families were not resistant to the same isolates. The data suggest that six of the populations have three-Rps gene combinations as previously proposed, while another four may have either a novel Rps gene or a four-Rps gene combination. Based on this phenotypic analysis, novel and uncharacterized Rps genes may be present in this material. More importantly, these PIs may serve as sources of novel Rps genes that can be used to more effectively manage Phytophthora root and stem rot.
Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) for Conventional Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) (1991)

Journal Article Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) for Conventional Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) Get access Masashi Iwatsuki, Masashi Iwatsuki Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kenichi Murooka, Kenichi Murooka *Tokyo Institute of Technology4259, Nagatsuda, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Shin-ichi Kitamura, Shin-ichi Kitamura Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kunio Takayanagi, Kunio Takayanagi *Tokyo Institute of Technology4259, Nagatsuda, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Yoshiyasu Harada Yoshiyasu Harada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Electron Microscopy, Volume 40, Issue 1, February 1991, Pages 48–53, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a050869 Published: 01 February 1991 Article history Received: 20 July 1990 Accepted: 12 September 1990 Published: 01 February 1991
Self-lubricating aluminum metal-matrix composites dispersed with tungsten disulfide and silicon carbide. Discussion (1994)

This paper describes the synthesis and tribological behavior of self-lubricating aluminum alloy metal-matrix composites (MMCs). The formulations of MMCs comprised of tungsten disulfide (WS{sub 2}) and silicon carbide (SiC) particles dispersed in a commercial aluminum alloy (Al-0.40Si-0.75Mg) matrix. Composites were fabricated by a conventional powder metallurgy route involving blending, compacting and sintering. Friction and wear tests (up to a duration of one million cycles) were performed in a ball-on-disk configuration against a steel counterface. Wear scars on MMC disks and steel balls were analyzed in SEM/EDXS. In a dry nitrogen environment, the steady state friction coefficient of an Al-0.10SiC-0.03WS{sub 2}MMC was 0.05, whereas in laboratory air with relative humidity at approximately 65 percent it was 0.10. In both environments, transfer of aluminum to the steel counterface was absent. 20 refs., 12 figs., 2 tabs.
Zeolite-Supported Metal Oxide Sorbents for Hot-Gas Desulfurization (1998)

This paper describes the results of the development of supported mixed-metal oxide sorbents for hot-gas desulfurization capable of withstanding multiple sulfidation/regeneration cycles at 871 °C (1600 °F). The sorbents consisted of various combinations of copper, molybdenum, and/or manganese oxides supported on a high silica-containing zeolite. These sorbents were tested in a fixed-bed reactor with simulated coal gas at 205 kPa (15 psig). The combination of all three metal oxides displayed synergism in enhancing efficiency for H2S removal and improved the crush strength on the pellets. Copper oxide was the most active component for reaction with H2S, while molybdenum and manganese oxides appeared to act as catalysts/promoters. During multicycle testing, this ternary metal oxide sorbent retained its reactivity and mechanical strength.
Discovery of <i>S</i>-[5-Amino-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1<i>H</i>-pyrazol-4-yl]-[3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)phenyl]methanone (RO3201195), an Orally Bioavailable and Highly Selective Inhibitor of p38 Map Kinase (2006)

A novel class of highly selective inhibitors of p38 MAP kinase was discovered from high throughput screening. The synthesis and optimization of a series of 5-amino-N-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl-3-phenylmethanones is described. An X-ray crystal structure of this series bound in the ATP binding pocket of unphosphorylated p38alpha established the presence of a unique hydrogen bond between the exocyclic amine of the inhibitor and threonine 106 which likely contributes to the selectivity for p38. The crystallographic information was used to optimize the potency and physicochemical properties of the series. The incorporation of the 2,3-dihydroxypropoxy moiety on the pyrazole scaffold resulted in a compound with excellent drug-like properties including high oral bioavailability. These efforts identified 63 (RO3201195) as an orally bioavailable and highly selective inhibitor of p38 which was selected for advancement into Phase I clinical trials.
Target detection in optically scattering media by polarization-difference imaging (1996)

Polarization-difference imaging (PDI) was recently presented by us as a method of imaging through scattering media [Opt. Lett. 20, 608 (1995)]. Here, PDI is compared with conventional, polarizationblind imaging systems under a variety of conditions not previously studied. Through visual and numerical comparison of polarization-difference and polarization-sum images of metallic targets suspended in scattering media, target features initially visible in both types of images are shown to disappear in polarization-sum images as the scatterer concentration is increased, whereas these features remain visible in polarization-difference images. Target features producing an observed degree of linear polarization of less than 1% are visible in polarization-difference images. The ability of PDI to suppress partially polarized background variations selectively is demonstrated, and discrimination of target features on the basis of polarization information is discussed. Our results show that, when compared with conventional imaging, PDI yields a factor of 2-3 increase in the distance at which certain target features can be detected.
ET Recombination: DNA Engineering Using Homologous Recombination in E. coli<f$> (2004)

Recombinogenic engineering, or the modification and cloning of DNA molecules via homologous recombination, has opened up a new era. In contrast to conventional cloning strategies, recombinogenic engineering can be carried out at virtually any chosen position on a given target DNA molecule (which can be small or large). Any type of modification, including sequence deletions, substitutions, and insertions can be carried out via homologous recombination. Because homologous recombination is a precise process of high fidelity, recombinogenic engineering generates DNA clones efficiently and with high precision.
Sulfotransferase (sult) 1A1 pharmacogenetics: Functional 5′‐flanking region (5′‐FR) polymorphisms (2003)

Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2003) 73 , P77–P77; doi:
A robust Doppler classification technique based on hidden Markov models (2003)

A classification algorithm is presented that uses hidden Markov models (HMM) to carry out recognition between three classes of targets: personnel, tracked vehicles and wheeled vehicles. It exploits the time varying nature of radar Doppler data in a manner similar to techniques used in speech recognition, albeit with a modified topology, to distinguish targets with different Doppler characteristics. The algorithm was trained and tested on real radar signatures of multiple examples of moving targets from each class and the performance was shown to be invariant to target speed and orientation and was able to generalise with respect to variants within a class.
A novel fiber-optic sensor array based on the Sagnac interferometer (1999)

We propose a novel design for a fiber-optic acoustic sensor array that is based on the Sagnac interferometer. The performance of this Sagnac sensor array (SSA) design is analyzed and compared to acoustic sensor arrays based on the Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer. It is found that the SSA exhibits several decisive advantages, including a stable bias point, a reduced conversion of source phase noise into intensity noise, and a frequency response that matches the ambient ocean noise. It is also shown that the SSA can be easily designed to have a much larger dynamic range than an MZ-based sensor array. Potential noise sources are analyzed and shown to be manageable. A means for eliminating polarization-induced signal fading is presented. The applicability of time-division, frequency-division, and code-division multiplexing schemes for the proposed design is presented.
Stress proteins in fungal diseases. (1998)

Heat shock proteins (hsps) are ubiquitous families of proteins, found in all organisms studied so far. They are highly conserved across the species barrier and serve fundamental functions in cell physiology. The term 'heat shock' was adopted because of the early observation of the heat-inducible nature of these proteins, although, as it is now realized that they can be induced by a variety of stressful stimuli, it is probably more appropriate to call them 'stress proteins'. The nomenclature of many hsps, for example hsp90, hsp70 and hsp60, reflects the approximate molecular mass of hsps within each of these families. For many bacterial and parasitic infections, hsps were first recognized as immunodominant antigens on immunoblots of extracts from the organism probed with immune sera, or in T-cell proliferation assays. They have now been identified in a range of fungal pathogens, again often linked to an immune response. In this symposium, we review the association of hsps with humoral immunity to candidosis and aspergillosis, cellular immunity to histoplasmosis, and the identification of hsp70 in another dimorphic fungus, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Finally, the crucial role of the membrane in setting the temperature of the heat shock response in yeasts is discussed.
Synthesis of ultrafine WC/Co powder by mechanochemical process (2002)

AbstractAbstractA new approach to produce ultrafine WC/Co powder by a mechanochemical process was made to improve the mechanical properties of advanced hardmetals and to cut production costs. For powder preparation, the water soluble salts containing W and Co components were used as starting materials. After synthesis of the precursor powder from an aqueous solution by a spray drying technique, a salt removing heat treatment in air atmosphere was carried out to prepare the oxide powder. The oxide powder was mixed with carbon black by ball milling and this mixture was converted at 800oC to the nanophase WC/Co powder in H2 and N2 atmospheres. The average size of the WC particle was 100-150 nm. The possibility of achieving high density sintered material with an ultrafine and homogeneous microstructure using grain growth inhibitors, such as tantalum and vanadium carbides, has been shown.
Dynamics of Intra Super-channel Fiber Nonlinearity Compensation in Flex-grid Optical Networks (2014)

The benefit of intra super-channel nonlinearity mitigation reduces with increasing sub-carrier count within the super-channel (higher net data-rate), with the maximum reach improvement, compared to linear compensation, of 150% for single-carrier 240Gb/s PM-16QAM.
MEMS-tunable dielectric metasurface lens (2018)

Varifocal lenses, conventionally implemented by changing the axial distance between multiple optical elements, have a wide range of applications in imaging and optical beam scanning. The use of conventional bulky refractive elements makes these varifocal lenses large, slow, and limits their tunability. Metasurfaces, a new category of lithographically defined diffractive devices, enable thin and lightweight optical elements with precisely engineered phase profiles. Here we demonstrate tunable metasurface doublets, based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), with more than 60 diopters (about 4%) change in the optical power upon a 1-μm movement of one metasurface, and a scanning frequency that can potentially reach a few kHz. They can also be integrated with a third metasurface to make compact microscopes (~1 mm thick) with a large corrected field of view (~500 μm or 40 degrees) and fast axial scanning for 3D imaging. This paves the way towards MEMS-integrated metasurfaces as a platform for tunable and reconfigurable optics.
Lithium Sulfide–Carbon Composites via Aerosol Spray Pyrolysis as Cathode Materials for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries (2018)

We demonstrate a new technique to produce lithium sulfide-carbon composite (Li<sub>2</sub>S-C) cathodes for lithium-sulfur batteries <i>via</i> aerosol spray pyrolysis (ASP) followed by sulfurization. Specifically, lithium carbonate-carbon (Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-C) composite nanoparticles are first synthesized via ASP from aqueous solutions of sucrose and lithium salts including nitrate (LiNO<sub>3</sub>), acetate (CH<sub>3</sub>COOLi), and Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>, respectively. The obtained Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>-C composites are subsequently converted to Li<sub>2</sub>S-C through sulfurization by reaction to H<sub>2</sub>S. Electrochemical characterizations show excellent overall capacity and cycle stability of the Li<sub>2</sub>S-C composites with relatively high areal loading of Li<sub>2</sub>S and low electrolyte/Li<sub>2</sub>S ratio. The Li<sub>2</sub>S-C nanocomposites also demonstrate clear structure-property relationships.
Generation of Highly Enriched Populations of Optic Vesicle−Like Retinal Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells (2015)

The protocol outlined below is used to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into retinal cell types through a process that faithfully recapitulates the stepwise progression observed in vivo. From pluripotency, cells are differentiated to a primitive anterior neural fate, followed by progression into two distinct populations of retinal progenitors and forebrain progenitors, each of which can be manually separated and purified. The hPSC-derived retinal progenitors are found to self-organize into three-dimensional optic vesicle-like structures, with each aggregate possessing the ability to differentiate into all major retinal cell types. The ability to faithfully recapitulate the stepwise in vivo development in a three-dimensional cell culture system allows for the study of mechanisms underlying human retinogenesis. Furthermore, this methodology allows for the study of retinal dysfunction and disease modeling using patient-derived cells, as well as high-throughput pharmacological screening and eventually patient-specific therapies.
HIGH-PRESSURE HIGH-TEMPERATURE BULK-TYPE PIEZORESISTIVE PRESSURE SENSOR (2018)

A silicon-based bulk-type pressure sensor capable of measuring pressure up to 200 MPa at temperature up to 175 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sup> C is realized and characterized. Hydrostatic pressure acting on the sensor is converted to anisotropic biaxial compression inside an encapsulated vacuum cavity, and measured using two pairs of piezoresistors oriented to optimally utilize the anisotropy of silicon piezoresistance on (110)-oriented substrate. It is also possible to realize the sensor on a conventional (001)-oriented substrate, with the stress-symmetry broken by reducing the biaxial stress field on one pair of the piezoresistors to a uniaxial stress field.
Classification and Detection in Mammograms with Weak Supervision via Dual Branch Deep Neural Net (2019)

The high cost of generating expert annotations, poses a strong limitation for supervised machine learning methods in medical imaging. Weakly supervised methods may provide a solution to this tangle. In this study, we propose a novel deep learning architecture for multi-class classification of mammograms according to the severity of their containing anomalies, having only a global tag over the image. The suggested scheme further allows localization of the different types of findings in full resolution. The new scheme contains a dual branch network that combines region-level classification with region ranking. We evaluate our method on a large multi-center mammography dataset including $\sim$3,000 mammograms with various anomalies and demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method over a previous weakly-supervised strategy.
Both Farnesylated and Geranylgeranylated RhoB Inhibit Malignant Transformation and Suppress Human Tumor Growth in Nude Mice (2000)

Whereas the GTPase RhoA has been shown to promote proliferation and malignant transformation, the involvement of RhoB in these processes is not well understood. In this manuscript RhoB is shown to be a potent suppressor of transformation and human tumor growth in nude mice. In several human cancer cell lines, RhoA promotes focus formation whereas RhoB is as potent as the tumor suppressor p53 at inhibiting transformation in this assay. RhoB is both farnesylated (F) and geranylgeranylated (GG), and RhoB-F has been suggested as a target for the antitumor activity of farnesyltransferase inhibitors. Here we demonstrate that both RhoB-F and RhoB-GG inhibit anchorage-dependent and -independent growth, induce apoptosis, inhibit constitutive activation of Erk and insulin-like growth factor-1 stimulation of Akt, and suppress tumor growth in nude mice. The data demonstrate that RhoB is a potent suppressor of human tumor growth and that RhoB-F is not a target for farnesyltransferase inhibitors.
Estimation of Pulse Transit Time as a Function of Blood Pressure Using a Nonlinear Arterial Tube-Load Model (2016)

the technique could potentially be applied to improve arterial stiffness monitoring and help realize cuff-less BP monitoring.
Material response of metasurface integrated uncooled silicon germanium oxide SixGeyO1-x-y infrared microbolometers (2019)

This paper presents a study of metasurface integrated microbolometers. The semiconductor absorber is sandwiched between a metal Frequency-Selective Surface (FSS) and ground plane. When the semiconductor absorber is electrically isolated from the ground plane by a thin dielectric it can be used to measure the temperature of the pixel. The integration with the FSS removes the need for a Fabry-Perot cavity. The FSS allows control the attributes of radiation absorbed by the microbolometer on a pixel-by-pixel basis which provides the potential for spectral or polarimetric imaging. The FSS also affects he electrical performance of the semiconductor absorber and the thermal performance of the microbolometer. In addition, the complex permittivity of the semiconductor affects the optimal design of the FSS. The Si/Ge/O system is selected because it allows the properties of the absorber to be engineered (e.g., less oxygen gives lower absorptance and higher resistivity). This paper explores the absorber/FSS parameter space with an emphasis on the electrical and noise properties of the integrated system. Models are developed to explain results. Preliminary results show that the addition of the FSS improves TCR of the microbolometer by 10% while dramatically lowering its resistivity (factor of 5×). The resistivity reduction leads to a dramatic reduction of the noise power spectral density with the addition of FSS improving the measured 1/f noise by two orders of magnitude over an identical sample without the FSS. In addition, this paper will present the microbolometer figures of merits including voltage responsivity, detectivity, and thermal response time.
Water Treatment Processes with Reverse Osmosis Membrane (2010)

The reverse osmosis (RO) membrane plays a significant role in pure water production, waste water reuse, and valuable material recycle systems. Among RO membrane technologies, methods to seek and reduce membrane fouling sources, RO rejection increasing treatment, and the phosphate acid recycle system are presented in this paper. Engineering companies have to develop technologies to obtain and maintain higher RO performance, also those to contribute resource saving and valuable material recycle.
On a n-gram model approach for packet loss concealment (2004)

In this paper, we investigate the possibility of predicting lost packets for packet loss concealment using n-gram predictive models. Unlike the conventional repetition-based algorithms, the proposed algorithm is based on the Shannon game, which serves as a principle for predicting the speech parameters of lost packets using the previously received parameters. During training phase, we construct statistical backoff n-gram models. In test phase, the models are used to predict the speech parameters of lost packets. Experiments were performed on switchboard telephone speech database and the proposed algorithm is compared with the conventional repetitionbased algorithm. The performance is evaluated in terms of the spectral distortion between the original and the predicted (or repeated) speech. The algorithm based on the backoff n-gram models reduces the spectral distortion by 8.7% over the conventional repetition-based algorithm for the first lost packet after receiving one. Further it maintains about 6.2% improvement up to six consecutive lost packets. In terms of perplexity of the predictive models, backoff n-gram approach outperforms the repetition-based algorithm by 8.65%, which is very close to the improvement rate obtained from the spectral distortion measurement.