gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Modeling a Paper-Making Wastewater Treatment Process by Means of an Adaptive Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System and Principal Component Analysis (2012)

In this paper, a predictive control system based on an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was employed to develop models for predicting and controlling the performance of a paper-making wastewater treatment process. The system includes an ANFIS predictive model and an ANFIS controller. In order to improve the network performance, fuzzy subtractive clustering, euclidean distance clustering, and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to identify model architecture and extract and optimize the fuzzy rule of the model. For the developed predictive model, when predicting, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) lay 6.06% adopting ANFIS, root mean square normalized error (RMSE) was 24.4485 and R was 0.9731. The control model, taking into account the difference between the predicted value of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the set point, can effectively change the additive dosages. In order to verify the developed predictive control model, a paper-making wastewater treatment process was picked up to support the operational performance. When the influent COD value or inflow flow rate was changed, the dosage could be accurately adjusted to make the effluent COD remain at the set point, and its MAPE was only 5.19%. The results indicated that reasonable forecasting and controlling performances had been achieved through the developed system.
Automatic calibration method of adaptive array utilizing signal circulation for linear array (2002)

This paper proposes an automatic calibration method for the adaptive array based on transmitting signals for frequency division duplex (FDD) systems with a linear array (ACT-FL). This method utilizes signal circulation between antennas and calibrates transceivers, antennas, and cables between branches without requiring an additional antenna for the calibration. In order to show the effectiveness of ACT-FL, we clarify the calibration accuracy and the element spacing suitable for ACT-FL. The SIR characteristics are also evaluated using an experimental adaptive array testbed in the presence of co-channel interference (CCI).
Chemical and Genetic Engineering of Selective Ion Channel–Ligand Interactions (2011)

Ionic flux mediates essential physiological and behavioral functions in defined cell populations. Cell type-specific activators of diverse ionic conductances are needed for probing these effects. We combined chemistry and protein engineering to enable the systematic creation of a toolbox of ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) with orthogonal pharmacologic selectivity and divergent functional properties. The LGICs and their small-molecule effectors were able to activate a range of ionic conductances in genetically specified cell types. LGICs constructed for neuronal perturbation could be used to selectively manipulate neuron activity in mammalian brains in vivo. The diversity of ion channel tools accessible from this approach will be useful for examining the relationship between neuronal activity and animal behavior, as well as for cell biological and physiological applications requiring chemical control of ion conductance.
Inhibition of IGF-IR signaling with the human monoclonal antibody A12 enhances the therapeutic effect of docetaxelin prostate cancer (2005)

5037 Docetaxel therapy has been shown to be effective in prolonging life in men with androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer. The effect is modest with an average increase in survival of 3 months. Anti-apoptotic pathways activated via the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) result in survival of prostate cancer cells following docetaxel therapy. Thus, inhibition of IGF-IR signaling should result in significant prolongation of tumor suppression. To test this hypothesis we implanted the human AI prostate cancer xenograft line LuCaP 35v subcutaneously in castrate SCID mice. When tumors reached ca.100mm3 volume, mice were divided into five treatment groups with 12 animals per group. Group 1 received docetaxel 10mg/kg i.p weekly x4; group 2 received docetaxel 5mg/kg i.p weekly x4; group 3 received docetaxel 10mg/kg i.p plus A12 40mg/kg i.p. weekly x 4; group 4 received docetaxel 5mg/kg i.p plus A12 40ug/kg weekly x4; and group 5 received vehicle control i.p. weekly x4. All therapy was stopped at week 4 and the animals were monitored for an additional 8 weeks. All control animals had tumor volumes of 1000mm3 by four weeks and were sacrificed according to tumor volume criteria. All four treatment groups had slower growth rates than control, p
High frequency SAW filter on diamond (2002)

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters based on diamond which has very high SAW velocity have been investigated. 2.5 GHz low loss narrow-band filter and 1.5 GHz IF filter were demonstrated by the SiO/sub 2//ZnO/diamond structure with zero temperature coefficient of frequency and the ZnO/diamond structure, respectively. The super-high power durability of the ZnO/diamond structure was also confirmed at 2.9 GHz. Diamond SAW filters having high velocity and high power durability, can be expected for broad applications in future high frequency communication systems.
Mechanical Properties of a Cobalt Free Maraging Steel Containing Chromium (1987)

The relation between mechanical properties and heat-treatment was studied on an Fe-3Cr-14Ni-3Mo-1.5Ti steel. The steel is a new cobalt free maraging steel in which deterioration of toughness introduced by formation of low temperature precipitates associated with the presence of titanium is suppressed by addition of chromium.When the steel is annealed at comparatively low temperature, the toughness of the steel after aging decreases with the effect of Laves phase present undissolved in the matrix. However, the steel annealed at a high temperature at which the Laves phase dissolves into the matrix shows excellent properties as follows, when aged at 783 K for 1.8 ks.(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)
On the structural nature of aluminium-based metallic glasses (1990)

Abstract The study of crystallization processes of rapidly solidified alloys by means of high-resolution electron microscopy and isothermal calorimetry measurements can help to resolve the long-standing controversies between the amorphous and microcrystalline models in metallic glasses. Close examination of a melt-spun Al90Fe5Gd5 alloy based on these techniques shows that the structural nature of this new family of aluminium-based metallic glasses is truly amorphous, rather than microcrystalline. Based on our calorimetric measurements, the unusual formability of aluminium-rich metallic glasses is also discussed.
Direct Conversion of Glycerol to Allyl Alcohol Over Alumina‐Supported Rhenium Oxide (2017)

Abstract The deoxydehydration (DODH) of glycerol was studied using several Re‐based catalysts in the liquid phase under atmospheric pressure conditions. The best performance was observed over 10 wt.% ReOx/Al2O3 with 2‐hexanol as a reductive agent giving allyl alcohol with an exceptional yield of 91%. The reaction was confirmed to be catalysed heterogeneously, since the reaction stopped upon removal of the catalyst by hot filtration. The corresponding catalyst was further successfully reused three times without any leaching of rhenium species, as shown by elemental analysis. Based on the characterisation of the fresh and the spent catalyst by XPS and Raman spectroscopy, a reaction mechanism is proposed, which involves the redox‐couple Re(V) / Re(VII).
Sci‐Sat AM: Radiation Dosimetry and Practical Therapy Solutions ‐ 03: Energy dependence of a clinical probe‐format calorimeter and its pertinence to absolute photon and electron beam dosimetry (2016)

Purpose: To evaluate the intrinsic and absorbed‐dose energy dependence of a small‐scale graphite calorimeter probe (GPC) developed for use as a routine clinical dosimeter. The influence of charge deposition on the response of the GPC was also assessed by performing absolute dosimetry in clinical linac‐based electron beams. Methods: Intrinsic energy dependence was determined by performing constant‐temperature calorimetry dose measurements in a water‐equivalent solid phantom, under otherwise reference conditions, in five high‐energy photon (63.5 < % dd (10) X < 76.3), and five electron (2.3 cm < R 50 < 8.3 cm) beams. Reference dosimetry was performed for all beams in question using an Exradin A19 ion chamber with a calibration traceable to national standards. The absorbed‐dose component of the overall energy dependence was calculated using the EGSnrc egs_chamber user code. Results: A total of 72 measurements were performed with the GPC, resulting in a standard error on the mean absorbed dose of better than 0.3 % for all ten beams. For both the photon and electron beams, no statistically‐significant energy dependence was observed experimentally. Peak‐to‐peak, variations in the relative response of the GPC across all beam qualities of a given radiation type were on the order of 1 %. No effects, either transient or permanent, were attributable to the charge deposited by the electron beams. Conclusions: The GPC's apparent energy‐independence, combined with its well‐established linearity and dose rate independence, make it a potentially useful dosimetry system capable measuring photon and electron doses in absolute terms at the clinical level.
Synthesis, Structure, Biological Activity, and DNA Binding of Platinum(II) Complexes of the Type<i>trans</i>-[PtCl<sub>2</sub>(NH<sub>3</sub>)L] (L = Planar Nitrogen Base). Effect of L and Cis/Trans Isomerism on Sequence Specificity and Unwinding Properties Observed in Globally Platinated DNA (1999)

In order to establish fundamental structural requirements for the antitumor activation of the trans-platinum geometry, complexes of the general formulas [PtCl(2)(NH(3))L] (L = planar N donor) have been synthesized. The trans isomers, trans-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(quinoline)] (3), trans-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(thiazole)] (5), trans-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(benzothiazole)] (7), and trans-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(isoquinoline)] (8) and the cis isomers cis-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(quinoline)] (4) and cis-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(thiazole)] (6) were characterized by (1)H NMR and analytical data. In addition, the crystal structures of 3, 5, 7, and 8 were determined: 3, monoclinic, P2(1)/c, with a = 8.414(1) Å, b = 12.373(3) Å, c = 21.266(3) Å, beta = 96.78(1) degrees, V = 2198.3(6) Å(3), and Z = 8; 5, monoclinic, P2(1)/n, with a = 8.815(4) Å, b = 19.917(8) Å, c = 14.498(5) Å, beta = 103.30(3) degrees, V = 2477(2) Å(3), and Z = 12; 7, monoclinic, P2(1)/c, with a = 8.150(4) Å, b = 23.196(9) Å, c = 11.297(7) Å, beta = 90.94(4) degrees, V = 2135.3(2) Å(3), and Z = 8; 8, monoclinic, C2/c, with a = 19.043(4) Å, b = 8.570(2) Å, c = 29.127(6) Å, beta_ = 111.59(2) degrees, V = 4420(2) Å(3), and Z = 16. In all cases, the Pt coordination plane and L are mutually twisted with angles between planes of 50-68 degrees. Bulky quinoline in 3 produces intramolecular steric strain as evidenced by a short, nonbonding Pt.H8(quin) contact of 2.77 Å and concomitantly distorted Pt-N(quin)-C bond angles. The trans complexes 3, 5, 7, and 8 showed a significantly higher cytotoxicity in cisplatin-sensitive L1210 leukemia than trans-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(2)] (2), with 3 and 5 being as potent as the corresponding cis isomers 4 and 6. In addition, the presence of the planar ligand greatly enhanced the activity of all of the compounds in cells resistant to cisplatin, cis-[PtCl(2)(NH(3))(2)] (1). Complex geometry and L play an important role in the binding of 1-7 to DNA. For synthetic poly(dG).poly(dC) and poly(dG-dC).poly(dG-dC) the order of binding affinities (r(b), drug-to-nucleotide ratio) was 2 > 1 > 6 > 5 > 4 > 7 > 3 and 5 > 6 > 7 > 3 > 2 > 1 > 4, respectively. Furthermore, 3 and 7, carrying large planar ligands, were remarkably effective at unwinding negatively supercoiled, closed circular pUC19 DNA (phi = 15 degrees and 17 degrees, respectively). The consequences of structural effects caused by L on target DNA with respect to possible biological consequences are discussed.
A Multisensor Integration-Based Complementary Tool for Monitoring Recovery Progress of Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Reconstructed Subjects (2014)

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) trauma, being one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries in sports, leads to knee joint instability and causes ambulation impairments. A careful monitoring of the progress of recovery after ACL reconstruction is crucial for minimizing postoperative complications and reinjuries. This research is aimed at designing a complementary tool to assess the recovery status and knee dynamics during the rehabilitation period after ACL reconstruction. The prototype includes wireless body-mounted motion sensors for kinematics measurements, surface electromyography system for muscle activity measurements, a video camera for recording trial activities and custom-developed intelligent system software that provides classification of the progress of the recovery and visual biofeedback during rehabilitation. The subjects' recovery stages are classified based on combined features from sensors' data, using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. The visual biofeedback provides monitoring of different signals simultaneously in order to help in detecting the intra and intersubject variability and correlation between the knee joint dynamics and muscle activities. The promising results of this initial study for assessing the ambulation at various speeds showcase the prospects of using the proposed system as part of existing rehabilitation monitoring procedures to achieve a more effective and timely recovery of ACL-reconstructed subjects.
Core crosslinkable polymeric micelles from PEG–lipid amphiphiles as drug carriers (2004)

Core crosslinkable micelles were prepared based on PEG–lipid amphiphiles. The branched hydrophobic domain was prepared by acylation of 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (DMPA) with 10-undecenoyl chloride and pyridine as catalyst. Monohydroxyl poly(ethylene glycol) (m-PEG) was conjugated onto the hydrophobic domain to form the branched polymeric amphiphiles. Following micelle formation of the amphiphiles, the vinylic groups at the peripheral ends of the 10-undecenoyl acid chains were polymerized with AIBN to crosslink the hydrophobic domains in aqueous solution. The solution properties of the crosslinked micelles were evaluated in various solvents and temperatures; relative to the uncrosslinked micelle controls, the core crosslinked micelles demonstrated improved thermodynamic stability in solution to high temperatures and non-selective solvents. Furthermore, the core crosslinked micelles show much higher drug loading capacity (nearly 80 wt%) than the uncrosslinked micelles (ca. 10 wt%).
Light generation beyond a continuum edge using a fiber Bragg grating (2007)

We generate light beyond the short wavelength edge of an optical continuum in highly nonlinear fiber pumped by an Er femtosecond laser, with a Bragg grating as a phase matching element.
Arabic sign language recognition using vision and hand tracking features with HMM (2019)

Sign language employs signs made by hands and facial expressions to convey meaning. Sign language recognition facilitates the communication between community and hearing-impaired people. This work proposes a recognition system for Arabic sign language using four types of features, namely modified Fourier transform, local binary pattern, histogram of oriented gradients, and a combination of histogram of oriented gradients and histogram of optical flow. These features are evaluated using hidden Markov model on two databases. The best performance is achieved with modified Fourier transform and histogram of oriented gradients features with 99.11% and 99.33% accuracies, respectively. In addition, two algorithms are proposed, one for segmenting sign video streams captured by Microsoft Kinect V2 into signs and the second for hand detection in video streams. The obtained results show that our algorithms are efficient in segmenting sign video streams and detecting hands in video streams.
Terahertz imaging using an interferometric array (2003)

Most methods of imaging in the terahertz (THz) spectral region utilize either pulsed-laser sources or require the THz generation and detection sources to be phase coherent. The application of interferometric imaging to the THz range is described. Interferometric imaging offers considerable advantages in this regard due to its ability to image with only a handful of detector elements, image many sources of THz radiation at once, image incoherent as well as coherent sources, and provide spectral information as well as spatial imaging information. The THz interferometric imaging method is potentially useful for remote detection of explosives.
The molecular end effect and its critical impact on the behavior of charged‐uncharged polymer conjugates during free‐solution electrophoresis (2005)

Recently two novel techniques using free-solution electrophoresis to separate charged-uncharged polymer conjugates have proven successful: end-labeled free-solution electrophoresis (ELFSE) for DNA sequencing, and free-solution conjugate electrophoresis (FSCE) for molar mass profiling of uncharged polymers. The approach taken to analyze the experimental data was an extension of the theory of Long and co-workers (Long, D., Dobrynin, A. V., Rubinstein, M., Ajdari, A., J. Chem. Phys. 1998, 108, 1234-1244) for the electrophoresis of molecules with varying charge distributions. This theory also predicts that the ends of the polymers play a large role in determining the polymer's overall mobility; however, this aspect of the theory was neglected in previous work. Until now this "end effect" has, to the knowledge of the authors, not been recognized in experimental data. Through a careful investigation of the predicted end effect and a reanalysis of the experimental data, we demonstrate that indeed this effect critically impacts on the behavior of charged-uncharged polymer conjugates during electrophoresis. This work indicates that not only does the end effect need to be taken into account to avoid significant errors in data analysis, but also it provides novel system optimization approaches.
Synthesis and Characterization of Fatty Acid Conjugates of Niacin and Salicylic Acid (2016)

This report describes the synthesis and preliminary biological characterization of novel fatty acid niacin conjugates and fatty acid salicylate conjugates. These molecular entities were created by covalently linking two bioactive molecules, either niacin or salicylic acid, to an omega-3 fatty acid. This methodology allows the simultaneous intracellular delivery of two bioactives in order to elicit a pharmacological response that could not be replicated by administering the bioactives individually or in combination. The fatty acid niacin conjugate 5 has been shown to be an inhibitor of the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), a key regulator of cholesterol metabolism proteins such as PCSK9, HMG-CoA reductase, ATP citrate lyase, and NPC1L1. On the other hand, the fatty acid salicylate conjugate 11 has been shown to have a unique anti-inflammatory profile based on its ability to modulate the NF-κB pathway through the intracellular release of the two bioactives.
Micropumps Based on the Enhanced Electroosmotic Effect of Aluminum Oxide Membranes (2007)

We have successfully decorated Micro-/nanochannel surfaces of annealed anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes are decorated to greatly enhance their electroosmotic effect as well as the structural stability. The micro/nanopumps made from annealed AAO membranes with thin silica coating on the inner surfaces of the nanochannels exhibited a large dynamic range of pumping rates, low operating voltages and high maximum flow rates.
A rapid and sensitive binding assay for growth hormone releasing factor. (1995)

A binding assay for growth hormone releasing factor (GRF) has been developed using scintillation proximity assay (SPA) technology. Binding conditions were validated by several criteria. Equilibrium binding was attained within three hours at 22 degrees C in crude membrane fractions of HEK293 (293-P2) and GH4C1 (GH4-P1) cells transfected with the porcine GRF receptor. Saturation binding isotherms produced a KD of 296 pM and a Bmax of 4.7 pmols/mg membrane protein in 293-P2 cells. Cells not expressing the GRF receptor displayed no specific binding for the ligand. Competition binding curves produced the following rank order of potency for tested peptides: GRF analogs D-Ala2 = D-Arg2 (IC50 approximately 1 nM) >> PACAP > secretin, VIP (EC50 > 100 nM). Somatostatin (SRIF) binding was also adapted to the SPA format in a GH4C1 cell line transfected with the SRIF receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) and in HEK293 cells transfected with the SRIF receptor subtype 5 (SSTR5). This assay represents a major improvement for binding measurements of these and potentially many other ligands for G-protein linked receptors, requiring no separation of bound from free hormone, allowing detailed pharmacological evaluations and enabling measurement of equilibrium binding in real time. In the 96-well format, it is suitable for high throughput screening.
A pretargeted bispecific PAM4-based antibody system for nuclear imaging and therapy of pancreatic cancer (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

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Pancreatic cancer provides a major challenge, both in terms of diagnosing the disease and subsequent treatment options. With this in mind, we developed MAb, PAM4, reactive with a MUC1 epitope that is relatively restricted to pancreatic cancer. As a second-generation in vivo targeting agent, we examined the ability of a pretargeted, bispecific PAM4 (bsMAb) procedure to provide superior imaging and therapeutic outcome of pancreatic cancer, as compared to direct-radiolabeled whole IgG. Our initial studies (Clin Cancer Res, 10:3552, 2004) employed MAb-734, anti-In-DTPA Fab’, as the second arm of the bsMAb. In the present study, we have generated a new bsMAb employing MAb-679, reactive with the HSG hapten, as the second arm. MAb-679 provides a more universal system that can readily be adapted to several imaging technologies (SPECT, PET, US, etc.), and used to capture a wide range of therapeutic agents (radionuclides, drugs, biologicals, etc.) by incorporation of the HSG sequence into the imaging/therapeutic agent. BsPAM4 was produced by chemical conjugation of PAM4-Fab’-SH with o-PDM-modified 679-Fab’. After purification by size-exclusion and HSG-affinity chromatography, a single peak was identified on HPLC with a retention time consistent with a size of approximately 100Kd. Immunoreactive fraction was examined by use of an anti-PAM4 idiotype and HSG-peptide. By HPLC analyses, 93.4% of the bsMAb was reactive with the anti-PAM4 idiotype, and 97.8% of the bsMAb was reactive with the HSG-peptide. Non-tumor bearing mice were injected with 125I-labeled bsMAb, and individual groups of mice were necropsied at specific time-points. The highest concentration of radiolabeled antibody was within the blood at all time-points (20.97 ± 3.77, 2.42 ± 0.54, 0.89 ± 0.21, and 0.40 ± 0.14, %ID/g at 4, 24, 38, and 48 hrs post-injection, respectively). There was rapid clearance of the bsMAb from the blood with blood levels <0.5 %ID/g at 45 hrs. The bsMAb showed no evidence of accumulation in any normal tissues. A pretargeting study was then performed in mice by administration of 40 μg bsMAb, followed by administration of 111In-labeled HSG-peptide (24 μCi, 10:1 molar ratio, bsMAb:peptide) 44 hrs later, when blood levels of the bsMAb had fallen to <0.5%ID/g. At 3 hrs post-injection of radiolabeled peptide high tumor/non-tumor ratios [lowest value: 4.35 ± 1.48 (kidney)] were observed within mice bearing MUC1-producing tumors, whereas no evidence of tumor targeting was seen in mice bearing non-MUC1-producing tumors. These studies demonstrate the ability of this new bsMAb to specifically target pancreatic tumor with high signal-to-background ratios for use as imaging/therapy agents. (These studies were supported in part by NIH grant CA92723 and DE-FG02-95ER62028 from the DOE.)