gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species in a Feed-forward Mechanism of Na/K-ATPase-mediated Signaling Transduction (2013)

Cardiotonic steroids (such as ouabain) signaling through Na/K-ATPase regulate sodium reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule. We report here that reactive oxygen species are required to initiate ouabain-stimulated Na/K-ATPase·c-Src signaling. Pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine prevented ouabain-stimulated Na/K-ATPase·c-Src signaling, protein carbonylation, redistribution of Na/K-ATPase and sodium/proton exchanger isoform 3, and inhibition of active transepithelial (22)Na(+) transport. Disruption of the Na/K-ATPase·c-Src signaling complex attenuated ouabain-stimulated protein carbonylation. Ouabain-stimulated protein carbonylation is reversed after removal of ouabain, and this reversibility is largely independent of de novo protein synthesis and degradation by either the lysosome or the proteasome pathways. Furthermore, ouabain stimulated direct carbonylation of two amino acid residues in the actuator domain of the Na/K-ATPase α1 subunit. Taken together, the data indicate that carbonylation modification of the Na/K-ATPase α1 subunit is involved in a feed-forward mechanism of regulation of ouabain-mediated renal proximal tubule Na/K-ATPase signal transduction and subsequent sodium transport.
The Role of Septal Cartilage in Rhinoplasty: Cadaveric Analysis and Assessment of Graft Selection (2011)

Anatomical variations of the thickness of septal cartilage excisions were found to be statistically significant, and these differences play an important role in the proper selection of the septal grafts.
In Vitro Studies of Ricin A-Chain-Induced Vascular Leak Syndrome (2003)

The major dose-limiting toxicity associated with ricin-conjugated immunotoxins (ITs) is vascular leak syndrome (VLS). IT-induced VLS appears to be dose dependent, occurs 2–4 d posttreatment (1–6), and is thought to be a result of the toxin moiety, rather than the targeting moiety, because VLS is associated with ITs containing targeting moieties with different specificities. In addition, whole antibodies and FAb fragments can cause VLS, suggesting that this toxicity is not a result of Fc receptor binding or complement fixation (1– 6.
Elevated Temperature Inside a Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill During Exercise: A Possible Environmental Constraint (2018)

Please see the pdf version of the abstract.
Interaction of elongation factor Tu with the ribosome. A study using the antibiotic kirromycin (1980)

Elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) dependent GTP hydrolysis normally requires the presence of ribosomes and aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA). In the presence of the antibiotic kirromycin, the factor alone displays a GTPase activity that is enhanced by ribosomes and/or aa-tRNA [Wolf, H., Chinali, G., & Parmeggiani, A. (1974) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71, 4910-4914]. Using this system, we have found the following: (1) the 50S ribosomal subunit can substitute the 70S ribosome; (2) the 50S CsCl core a, b, and c particles [Sander, G., Marsh, R. C., Voigt, J., & Parmeggiani, A. (1975) Biochemistry 14, 1805-1814], lacking an increasing number of proteins, can induce ca. 65, 45, and 25%, respectively, of the EF-Tu-kirromycin GTPase activity of control 50S subunits, in the presence of 30S subunits and aa-tRNA; (3) addition of proteins L7/L12 with L10, but not of proteins L7/L12 free from L10, restored the activity of all the 50S CsCl cores in the EF-Tu-kirromycin-dependent GTPase to 70-90% of the control; (4) proteins L7/L12, with or without contaminating L10, did not induce any EF-Tu-dependent GTPase activity, in contrast to a recent report [Donner, D., Villems, R., Liljas, A., & Kurland, C. G. (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75, 3192-3195], whether EF-Ts and/or kirromycin were present or not.
Hermetically sealed microwave probe for in-situ detection of black powder in gas pipelines (2014)

Black powder (BP) is a recognized threat to gas transmission pipelines' integrity and operation in many different regions around the world. Early detection of black powder in susceptible lines becomes a prerequisite for efficient pipeline management and “Best in Class” maintenance. In essence, detecting the presence of black powder and predicting its volume, not only enable cost-effective maintenance procedures, but also allow for tracing its initiating source, and consequently, fully understanding its formation mechanism. In this paper, a new microwave based device for real-time black powder monitoring is introduced and its performance is analyzed. The proposed device is based on interrogating the pipeline with microwaves, using a custom-designed hermetically-sealed probe working at 24 GHz, and analyzing the signals passing through and reflected from the gas flow. It will be shown that, the presence of the back powder, even in small quantities within the flow, is manifested with considerable variations in the microwave transmission and reflection properties of the flow rendering high overall detection sensitivity. Furthermore, detection and evaluation of black powder using the proposed device is demonstrated on experimental air flow rig.
Development of a Templated Approach to Fabricate Diamond Patterns on Various Substrates (2014)

We demonstrate a robust templated approach to pattern thin films of chemical vapor deposited nanocrystalline diamond grown from monodispersed nanodiamond (mdND) seeds. The method works on a range of substrates, and we herein demonstrate the method using silicon, aluminum nitride (AlN), and sapphire substrates. Patterns are defined using photo- and e-beam lithography, which are seeded with mdND colloids and subsequently introduced into microwave assisted chemical vapor deposition reactor to grow patterned nanocrystalline diamond films. In this study, we investigate various factors that affect the selective seeding of different substrates to create high quality diamond thin films, including mdND surface termination, zeta potential, surface treatment, and plasma cleaning. Although the electrostatic interaction between mdND colloids and substrates is the main process driving adherence, we found that chemical reaction (esterification) or hydrogen bonding can potentially dominate the seeding process. Leveraging the knowledge on these different interactions, we optimize fabrication protocols to eliminate unwanted diamond nucleation outside the patterned areas. Furthermore, we have achieved the deposition of patterned diamond films and arrays over a range of feature sizes. This study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the mdND-substrate interaction that will enable the fabrication of integrated nanocrystalline diamond thin films for microelectronics, sensors, and tissue culturing applications.
Lipoplatin Treatment in Lung and Breast Cancer (2010)

The introduction of cisplatin in cancer treatment represents an important achievement in the oncologic field. Many types of cancers are now treated with this drug, and in testicular cancer patients major results are reached. Since 1965, other compounds were disovered and among them carboplatin and oxaliplatin are the main Cisplatin analogues showing similar clinical efficacy with a safer toxicity profile. Lipoplatin is a new liposomal cisplatin formulation which seems to have these characteristics. Lipoplatin was shown to be effective in NSCLC both in phase 2 and phase 3 trials, with the same response rate of Cisplatin, a comparable overall survival but less toxicity. A new protocol aiming to elucidate the double capacity of Lipoplatin to act as a chemotherapeutic and angiogenetic agent in triple-negative breast cancer patients is upcoming.
Paced ventricular electrogram fractionation and sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other non-coronary heart diseases (2000)

Time for primary review 25 days. 

The prediction of sudden arrhythmic death (SCD) in patients with non-coronary heart disease has become increasingly important because of the need to select high risk patients who require prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD). Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an important cause of SCD, and while it is clear that ICDs are effective in aborting SCD due to ventricular fibrillation [1–3], there is no generally accepted method of risk stratification to allow large-scale, selective ICD implantation in such patients [4]. This article reviews the various trials which have been performed to predict SCD in patients with HCM. Then an emerging technique which was initially developed for HCM, paced electrogram fractionation analysis (PEFA), is reviewed. This technique is based on detection of the substrate for VF and has promise in identifying high risk patients with HCM and other non-coronary heart diseases which cause SCD. Finally, preliminary results obtained in man and animal models are compared suggesting that PEFA may be used to interpret electrophysiological data from humans at risk of SCD in the context of animal experiments.

A useful ‘test’ for predicting SCD must have high enough accuracy to persuade physicians to treat their patients either with or without ICDs on the basis of its results. The definition of a good test depends on the perceived risk/benefit ratio of ICDs in HCM and so the minimum required predictive accuracy of the test will vary amongst physicians. As there is no consensus on the criteria for ICD implantation, we hope to achieve a positive predictive accuracy (PPA) of 0.3 so that three out of every ten patients implanted with an ICD would develop VF.

The relatively low SCD rate in HCM causes problems in designing a trial to establish the SCD rate or the PPA of a … 

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +44-1480-830-541, ext. 4189; fax: +44-1480-831-819
The privatisation myth (2003)

Debate about PPPs often lumps them with privatisations and suggests that private finance is more expensive than traditional procurement methods. Darrin Grimsey of PricewaterhouseCoopers argues that economic facts show both objections are simply wrong.
Processing system for an enhanced vision system (2004)

Enhanced Vision Systems (EVS) combines imagery from multiple sensors, possibly running at different frame rates and pixel counts, on to a display. In the case of a Helmet Mounted Display (HMD), the user line of sight is continuously changing with the result that the sensor pixels rendered on the display are changing in real time. In an EVS, the various sensors provide overlapping fields of view which requires stitching imagery together to provide a seamless mosaic to the user. Further, different modality sensors may be present requiring the fusion of imagery from the sensors. All of this takes place in a dynamic flight environment where the aircraft (with fixed mounted sensors) is changing position and orientation while the users are independently changing their lines of sight. In order to provide well registered, seamless imagery, very low throughput latencies are required, while dealing with huge volumes of data. This provides both algorithmic and processing challenges which must be overcome to provide a suitable system. This paper discusses system architecture, efficient stitching and fusing algorithms, and hardware implementation issues.
Quantitative Image Analysis of Epithelial and Stromal Area in Histological Sections of Colorectal Cancer: An Emerging Diagnostic Tool (2015)

In colorectal cancer (CRC), an increase in the stromal (S) area with the reduction of the epithelial (E) parts has been suggested as an indication of tumor progression. Therefore, an automated image method capable of discriminating E and S areas would allow an improved diagnosis. Immunofluorescence staining was performed on paraffin-embedded sections from colorectal tumors (16 samples from patients with liver metastasis and 18 without). Noncancerous tumor adjacent mucosa (n = 5) and normal mucosa (n = 4) were taken as controls. Epithelial cells were identified by an anti-keratin 8 (K8) antibody. Large tissue areas (5-63 mm(2)/slide) including tumor center, tumor front, and adjacent mucosa were scanned using an automated microscopy system (TissueFAXS). With our newly developed algorithms, we showed that there is more K8-immunoreactive E in the tumor center than in tumor adjacent and normal mucosa. Comparing patients with and without metastasis, the E/S ratio decreased by 20% in the tumor center and by 40% at tumor front in metastatic samples. The reduction of E might be due to a more aggressive phenotype in metastasis patients. The novel software allowed a detailed morphometric analysis of cancer tissue compartments as tools for objective quantitative measurements, reduced analysis time, and increased reproducibility of the data.
Extraction of sesame seed protein and determination of its molecular weight by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1975)

Abstract Sesame seeds are an important source of edible oil and protein. Studies were made on protein solubility of defatted sesame seed meal in aqueous solution over various pHs or in various salt solutions. Maximum solubility was found in alkaline solution, and the proteins were almost insoluble at acid solution. The solubility of protein in NaCl or CaCl 2 solution was increased upon increasing the salt concentrations up to 1 M. In Na 2 SO 3 or Na 2 HPO 4 solution, the solubility of protein was higher at lower salt concentrations but decreased at higher salt concentrations at pH 8. Extractable sesame seed proteins in salt solution separated into seven fractions electrophoretically (sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). The mol wt of the seven fractions were 51,000, 31,000, 28,500, 25,500, 21,800, 20,500, and 17,900.
The interaction of gelsolin with tropomyosin modulates actin dynamics (2013)

We have investigated the interactions between the actin-binding proteins gelsolin and tropomyosin, with special respect to any effects on the functional properties of gelsolin. Limited proteolysis indicated that the loop connecting the gelsolin domains G3 and G4 is involved in tropomyosin binding. Under nonpolymerizing conditions, binding of tropomyosin neither prevented the formation of a 2: 1actin-gelsolin complex, nor did it affect the nucleating activity of gelsolin in actin polymerization, likely as a result of competitive displacement of tropomyosin from gelsolin. To evaluate the effect of tropomyosin on the actin filament severing activity of gelsolin, we measured both filamentous actin (F-actin) viscosity and the relative number concentrations of filaments after fragmentation, either by gelsolin alone or by gelsolin-tropomyosin complexes. The interaction of gelsolin with tropomyosin caused a reduction in F-actin severing activity of up to 80% compared to gelsolin alone. Thus, being bound to gelsolin, tropomyosin prevented gelsolin from severing actin filaments. By contrast, the severing activity of gelsolin for F-actin/tropomyosin was similar to that for F-actin alone even at a tropomyosin : actin saturation ratio of 1: 7. Thus, when bound to actin filaments, tropomyosin did not significantly inhibit the severing of filaments by gelsolin. The interaction between gelsolin and tropomyosin was largely independent of the muscle actin and tropomyosin isoforms investigated. The results obtained in the present study suggest that tropomyosin is involved in the modulation of actin dynamics not via the protection of filaments against severing, but rather by binding gelsolin in solution to prevent it from severing and to promote the formation of new actin filaments.
Semi-quantitative analysis of metal alloys, brass and soil samples by calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: recent results and considerations (2009)

The calibration-free methodology described in the literature dealing with the technique of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy has been applied here to several samples under different operating pressures with the aim of classifying the analytical technique as quantitative, semi-quantitative or qualitative (with quantitative estimates only), depending on the relative percentage errors calculated for the major, minor and trace elemental composition of the sample. The results were obtained with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm), characterized by 5.3 ns duration pulses at a maximum repetition frequency of 10 Hz and with pulse energy up to 300 mJ. The spectra were taken with a grating monochromator coupled with an intensified CCD detector, calibrated from 220 to 700 nm. The samples investigated were aluminum alloy standard disks, standard reference materials of Zn alloy, Cu–Ni alloy, Ti alloy, Ni alloy powder, Cu–Zn alloy and soils. The data are compared with those published in the literature. The results show that the best accuracy (5% relative error) is usually obtained for the matrix element, while in most cases, for the remainder of the components in the sample (major, minor or trace composition), the results can only be considered semi-quantitative (<200% relative error).
An Empirical Analysis of the Obtrusiveness of and Participants' Compliance with the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) (2007)

Abstract. In this article, the authors provide an empirical analysis of the obtrusiveness of and participants' compliance with a relatively new psychological ambulatory assessment method, called the electronically activated recorder or EAR. The EAR is a modified portable audio-recorder that periodically records snippets of ambient sounds from participants' daily environments. In tracking moment-to-moment ambient sounds, the EAR yields an acoustic log of a person's day as it unfolds. As a naturalistic observation sampling method, it provides an observer's account of daily life and is optimized for the assessment of audible aspects of participants' naturally-occurring social behaviors and interactions. Measures of self-reported and behaviorally-assessed EAR obtrusiveness and compliance were analyzed in two samples. After an initial 2-h period of relative obtrusiveness, participants habituated to wearing the EAR and perceived it as fairly unobtrusive both in a short-term (2 days, N = 96) and a longer-term (10-11 days, N = 11) monitoring. Compliance with the method was high both during the short-term and longer-term monitoring. Somewhat reduced compliance was identified over the weekend; this effect appears to be specific to student populations. Important privacy and data confidentiality considerations around the EAR method are discussed.
Minimum-time minimum-loss speed control of induction motors under field-oriented control (1997)

A new minimum-time minimum-loss speed control algorithm for induction motors is suggested to obtain high performance, as well as high efficiency, under field-oriented control with practical constraints on voltage and current. This algorithm utilizes a two-stage control. In the transient stage, a maximum torque control algorithm is utilized to get the minimum-time response. In the steady state, a minimum-loss control algorithm is applied to improve the efficiency. Simulation studies show the performance of the proposed minimum-time minimum-loss control algorithm under field-oriented control.
Selective CFAE Targeting for Atrial Fibrillation Study (SELECT AF): Clinical Rationale, Design, and Implementation (2010)

SELECT AF is a randomized trial in patients with persistent AF to evaluate the efficacy of selective versus generalized CFAE ablation in addition to traditional PVI.
A Framework for Mining Signatures from Event Sequences and Its Applications in Healthcare Data (2012)

This paper proposes a novel temporal knowledge representation and learning framework to perform large-scale temporal signature mining of longitudinal heterogeneous event data. The framework enables the representation, extraction, and mining of high-order latent event structure and relationships within single and multiple event sequences. The proposed knowledge representation maps the heterogeneous event sequences to a geometric image by encoding events as a structured spatial-temporal shape process. We present a doubly constrained convolutional sparse coding framework that learns interpretable and shift-invariant latent temporal event signatures. We show how to cope with the sparsity in the data as well as in the latent factor model by inducing a double sparsity constraint on the β-divergence to learn an overcomplete sparse latent factor model. A novel stochastic optimization scheme performs large-scale incremental learning of group-specific temporal event signatures. We validate the framework on synthetic data and on an electronic health record dataset.
Homopolymer Self-Assembly into Stable Nanoparticles: Concerted Action of Hydrophobic Association and Hydrogen Bonding in Thermoresponsive Poly(alkylacrylic acid)s (2012)

A new approach to polymer self-assembly was presented recently [M. Sedlák, Č. Koňák, J. Dybal, Macromolecules 2009, 2, 7430-7438 and 7439-7446.] (1, 2) where stable polymeric nanoparticles were formed from poly(ethylacrylic acid) homopolymers without any assembly triggering additives, simply by heating polymer solution under conditions of thermosensitivity to certain temperature. In the current Article, we present successful results on poly(propylacrylic acid), which is a more hydrophobic polymer. We also present results on a less hydrophobic polymer from this series, poly(methacrylic acid), from which nanoparticles cannot be formed. Comparison of results on all three polymers gives a solid physicochemical insight and supports the molecular mechanism of the self-assembly previously suggested: The solvent quality gradually worsens upon heating of a thermosensitive polymer solution, and polymer-polymer contacts are preferred over polymer-solvent contacts, which leads to the formation of polymer assemblies. The presence of a significant amount of charge on chains prevents macroscopic phase separation. Upon subsequent cooling to laboratory temperature, the assemblies (nanoparticles) should eventually dissolve; however, this is not the case due to the fact that polymer chains brought to a close proximity at elevated temperatures become hydrogen-bonded. In addition, hydrogen bonds strengthen upon cooling. Mainly carboxylic-carboxylate hydrogen bonds (COOH····COO(-)) are responsible for the irreversibility of the process and the stability of nanoparticles. Conclusions are supported by results from static and dynamic light scattering, FTIR spectroscopy, and cryo-TEM microscopy. Size of nanoparticles can be monitored during the growth and custom-tailored by tuning critical parameters, especially the degree of ionization, temperature, and time of heating. Nanoparticles are stable over long periods of time. They are stable in a broad range of salt concentrations, including physiological conditions, and possess a mild acceptable degree of polydispersity.
Autonomous landing on a moving vehicle with an unmanned aerial vehicle (2019)

Abstract This paper addresses the perception, control, and trajectory planning for an aerial platform to identify and land on a moving car at 15 km/hr. The hexacopter unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), equipped with onboard sensors and a computer, detects the car using a monocular camera and predicts the car future movement using a nonlinear motion model. While following the car, the UAV lands on its roof, and it attaches itself using magnetic legs. The proposed system is fully autonomous from takeoff to landing. Numerous field tests were conducted throughout the year‐long development and preparations for the Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge (MBZIRC) 2017 competition, for which the system was designed. We propose a novel control system in which a model predictive controller is used in real time to generate a reference trajectory for the UAV, which are then tracked by the nonlinear feedback controller. This combination allows to track predictions of the car motion with minimal position error. The evaluation presents three successful autonomous landings during the MBZIRC 2017, where our system achieved the fastest landing among all competing teams.