gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a new monoclonal antibody to a cell surface antigen on colorectal cancer and fetal gut tissues (1986)

Murine hybridoma were raised against the human colon carcinoma cell line CL-187. One clone was found to secrete a monoclonal antibody (ND-1) that recognizes a large external antigen (LEA) on human colon carcinoma cells. With indirect immunofluorescence on formaldehyde-fixed cells, more than 90% of the human colorectal carcinoma cell lines tested expressed LEA. Almost all of the 46 human noncolorectal and nonhuman cell lines tested did not express LEA, including cancer cell lines from other endodermally derived tissues. Staining of frozen sections from human colorectal tumors, noncolorectal tumors, normal adult, and normal fetal tissues showed expression of the antigen on colorectal cancer tissue, fetal colon, and fetal biliary epithelium. LEA can also be detected in the serum and ascites of colorectal cancer patients. Double indirect immunofluorescence with rabbit anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) antibody and ND-1 monoclonal antibody on a human colorectal carcinoma cell line showed that LEA is distinct from CEA. Physicochemical analysis of LEA showed that it has a large molecular weight, is resistant to extraction from the cell surface, and that sialic acid is an important component of the antigenic site. Because of the specificity for colorectal cancer tissue along with certain biochemical properties, LEA appears to be unique when compared with other tumor-associated antigens. Further research is needed to define the clinical usefulness of LEA in either the diagnosis or treatment of colorectal carcinoma.
A Secure Sum Protocol and Its Application to Privacy-preserving Multi-party Analytics (2017)

Many enterprises are transitioning towards data-driven business processes. There are numerous situations where multiple parties would like to share data towards a common goal if it were possible to simultaneously protect the privacy and security of the individuals and organizations described in the data. Existing solutions for multi-party analytics that follow the so called Data Lake paradigm have parties transfer their raw data to a trusted third-party (i.e., mediator), which then performs the desired analysis on the global data, and shares the results with the parties. However, such a solution does not fit many applications such as Healthcare, Finance, and the Internet-of-Things, where privacy is a strong concern. Motivated by the increasing demands for data privacy, we study the problem of privacy-preserving multi-party data analytics, where the goal is to enable analytics on multi-party data without compromising the data privacy of each individual party. In this paper, we first propose a secure sum protocol with strong security guarantees. The proposed secure sum protocol is resistant to collusion attacks even with N-2 parties colluding, where N denotes the total number of collaborating parties. We then use this protocol to propose two secure gradient descent algorithms, one for horizontally partitioned data, and the other for vertically partitioned data. The proposed framework is generic and applies to a wide class of machine learning problems. We demonstrate our solution for two popular use-cases, regression and classification, and evaluate the performance of the proposed solution in terms of the obtained model accuracy, latency and communication cost. In addition, we perform a scalability analysis to evaluate the performance of the proposed solution as the data size and the number of parties increase.
N-Acetyl-[2-(O-methyl)tyrosine]arginine-vasopressin, an interesting antagonist of the vasopressor response to vasopressin (1980)

The synthesis of N-acetyl-[2-(O-methyl)tyrosine]arginine-vasopressin [Ac-Tyr(Me)AVP] was undertaken utilizing a combination of the stepwise active ester and fragment condensation methods. Ac-Tyr(Me)AVP is an antagonist of the vasopressor response to vasopressin (pA2 = 7.18 +/- 0.08), devoid of vasopressor agonist activity, and has an antidiuretic potency of 0.026 +/- 0.002 unit/mg, a 15 000-fold decrease over the antidiuretic activity of [2-(O-methyl)tyrosine]arginine-vasopressin. The analogue is also an antagonist of the in vitro uterotonic activity of oxytocin with pA2 values of 7.29 +/- 0.08 in the absence of Mg2+ and 6.73 +/- 0.14 in 0.5 mM Mg2+. This result of Nalpha-acetylation of Tyr(Me)AVP parallels similar results in the oxytocin series and suggests that this substitution should be considered in the design of potential antagonists of the antidiuretic response to vasopressin.
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Activated Protein Kinase 2 (MAPKAP-K2) as an Antiinflammatory Target: Discovery and in Vivo Activity of Selective Pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidine Inhibitors Using a Focused Library and Structure-Based Optimization Approach (2012)

A novel class of mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MAPKAP-K2) inhibitors was discovered through screening a kinase-focused library. A homology model of MAPKAP-K2 was generated and used to guide the initial SAR studies and to rationalize the observed selectivity over CDK2. An X-ray crystal structure of a compound from the active series bound to crystalline MAPKAP-K2 confirmed the predicted binding mode. This has enabled the discovery of a series of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives showing good in vitro cellular potency as anti-TNF-α agents and in vivo efficacy in a mouse model of endotoxin shock.
Improved Antitumor Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Bufalin via PEGylated Liposomes (2017)

Bufalin was reported to show strong pharmacological effects including cardiotonic, antiviral, immune-regulation, and especially antitumor effects. The objective of this study was to determine the characterization, antitumor efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of bufalin-loaded PEGylated liposomes compared with bufalin entity, which were prepared by FDA-approved pharmaceutical excipients. Bufalin-loaded PEGylated liposomes and bufalin-loaded liposomes were prepared reproducibly with homogeneous particle size by the combination of thin film evaporation method and high-pressure homogenization method. Their mean particle sizes were 127.6 and 155.0 nm, mean zeta potentials were 2.24 and - 18.5 mV, and entrapment efficiencies were 76.31 and 78.40%, respectively. In vitro release profile revealed that the release of bufalin in bufalin-loaded PEGylated liposomes was slower than that in bufalin-loaded liposomes. The cytotoxicity of blank liposomes has been found within acceptable range, whereas bufalin-loaded PEGylated liposomes showed enhanced cytotoxicity to U251 cells compared with bufalin entity. In vivo pharmacokinetics indicated that bufalin-loaded PEGylated liposomes could extend or eliminate the half-life time of bufalin in plasma in rats. The results suggested that bufalin-loaded PEGylated liposomes improved the solubility and increased the drug concentration in plasma.
Holographic characterization of individual colloidal spheres' porosities (2011)

Holograms of colloidal spheres recorded through holographic video microscopy can be analyzed with the theory of light scattering to measure individual spheres' sizes and refractive indexes with part-per-thousand resolution. This information, in turn, can be interpreted to estimate each sphere's porosity.
Neural Pose Transfer by Spatially Adaptive Instance Normalization (2020)

Pose transfer has been studied for decades, in which the pose of a source mesh is applied to a target mesh. Particularly in this paper, we are interested in transferring the pose of source human mesh to deform the target human mesh, while the source and target meshes may have different identity information. Traditional studies assume that the paired source and target meshes are existed with the point-wise correspondences of user annotated landmarks/mesh points, which requires heavy labelling efforts. On the other hand, the generalization ability of deep models is limited, when the source and target meshes have different identities. To break this limitation, we proposes the first neural pose transfer model that solves the pose transfer via the latest technique for image style transfer, leveraging the newly proposed component -- spatially adaptive instance normalization. Our model does not require any correspondences between the source and target meshes. Extensive experiments show that the proposed model can effectively transfer deformation from source to target meshes, and has good generalization ability to deal with unseen identities or poses of meshes. Code is available at https://github.com/jiashunwang/Neural-Pose-Transfer.
A new strategy for placement of 3-D systematic biopsy plans in prostate biopsy system (2008)

Predefined biopsy plans are important to assist urologists in prostate cancer diagnosis and selection of biopsy sites. It is challenging to map a predefined biopsy plan onto current transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) prostate volume due to the wide range of shape variation of prostates, and the spatial difference between the prostate model where plan is defined and actual prostate imaged in the ultrasound scan. In this paper, we present a novel method to map a predefined biopsy plan onto the current prostate volume. A statistical prostate mean shape trained from 38 prostate volumes is used as the model, and plans are defined on the mean shape. For each ultrasound scan, the prostate is segmented out first, using a fully automated segmentation method, then the shape model is registered to the segmented prostate using a robust surface-based registration technique, and correspondence is determined. Finally, predefined plans on the mean shape are mapped onto the current prostate volume using interpolation from surface correspondence. We tested our method using biopsy plans with various number of cores, including 6 (sextant), 10, 12, and 16 cores. The mapped plans fitted well into current volume by observation. The system is developed on Microsoft Windows XP using VC++.
Synthesis of Green Recyclable Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanomaterials Coated by Hydrophobic Plant Extracts for Efficient Collection of Oil Spills (2019)

A facile method for synthesis of environmentally friendly magnetite nanomaterials (MNMs) was applied using hydrophobic biocomponents as capping and stabilizing agents. The biocomponents were extracted from <i>Matricaria aurea</i> (MAE) and <i>Ochradenus baccatus</i> (OBE) and used for the surface modification of MNMs to increase their dispersion efficiency on the collection of heavy crude oil spills. Synthesized MNM samples (MAE-MNMs and OBE-MNMs) were verified using thermogravimetric analysis; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy; transmission electron microscopy; dynamic light scattering, and vibrating-sample magnetometry. The application of these nanomaterials in the collection of oil spill showed that the MAE-MNMs and OBE-MNMs successfully collected 95% and 91% of the oil spill, respectively. These results support the potential use of these materials as eco-friendly composites for the successful collection of oil spills that might occur during offshore operations.
The efficacy and safety of degarelix: a 12‐month, comparative, randomized, open‐label, parallel‐group phase III study in patients with prostate cancer (2008)

Degarelix was not inferior to leuprolide at maintaining low testosterone levels over a 1-year treatment period. Degarelix induced testosterone and PSA suppression significantly faster than leuprolide; PSA suppression was also maintained throughout the study. Degarelix represents an effective therapy for inducing and maintaining androgen deprivation for up to 1 year in patients with prostate cancer, and has a different mechanism of action from traditional GnRH agonists. Its immediate onset of action achieves a more rapid suppression of testosterone and PSA than leuprolide. Furthermore, there is no need for antiandrogen supplements to prevent the possibility of clinical 'flare'.
Multifusion Multispectral Lightwave Polarimetric Detection Principles and Systems (2006)

The objective of this paper is to present novel detection principles based on all active multispectral polarimetric subtraction imaging principles of targets embedded in scattering media. The novelty of this contribution consists in the formation of multispectral Stokes' parameter image differences, degree of linear polarization image differences, and Mueller-matrix image differences. As a result, high-contrast high-specificity images can be obtained by removing the background from the target. Further contrast enhancement of the target with light beam steering capabilities can be obtained by doping the background surrounding the target or the target itself with high-index-of-refraction polar molecules/nanoparticles. The presented optical principles can be successfully applied to a variety of applications, such as cancer detection and treatment, molecular imaging, and development of photonics and nanophotonic devices, for a widespread group of applications, such as defense and advanced medical diagnostic and analytical devices
Polyether‐based thermoplastic polyurethanes. I. Effect of the hard‐segment content (1979)

Abstract A series of Polyether‐based thermoplastic polyurethanes, varying in hard‐segment content between 20 and 80 wt. %, was prepared using an (oxypropylene‐oxyethylene) diol of M n = 2000 as the soft segment and 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate extended with 1,4‐butanediol as the hard segment. Physical‐mechanical, dynamic‐mechanical, and specific heat (DSC) data are used to elucidate the mechanical and morphological behavior of these materials. The polyurethanes varied from soft elastomeric (continuous soft phase) to high‐modulus plastic (continuous hard phase) and showed changes in their tensile properties at about 60% hard‐segment content, possibly due to phase inversion.
Normally-off type high speed SI-Thyristor (1982)

The design, fabrication, and characterization of a normally-off type static induction thyristor (SIThy) with a surface gate structure were made with an intention to use it in high speed switching at high currents. The device chip had a size of 7 × 10 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and included 9,000 channels, where each channel stripe had a width of 1.5 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\micro</tex> m and a length of 250 <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">\micro</tex> m. The double LOCOS technique was used in the fabrication process of the device. By mounting the chips in specially designed packages, a very low forward voltage drop of 1.2 V at 100 A and a high switching speed of 300 ∼ 600 nsec in turn-on and turn-off times were obtained. A bipolar mode static induction transistor (BSIT) was also made by using the same photomasks and the same fabrication process as SIThy. It also exhibited a low forward voltage drop of 0.7 V at 100 A and a high switching speed of 100 ∼ 200 nsec in turn-on and turn-off times.
CD25 Preselective Anti-HIV Vectors for Improved HIV Gene Therapy (2012)

As HIV continues to be a global public health problem with no effective vaccine available, new and innovative therapies, including HIV gene therapies, need to be developed. Due to low transduction efficiencies that lead to low in vivo gene marking, therapeutically relevant efficacy of HIV gene therapy has been difficult to achieve in a clinical setting. Methods to improve the transplantation of enriched populations of anti-HIV vector-transduced cells may greatly increase the in vivo efficacy of HIV gene therapies. Here we describe the development of preselective anti-HIV lentiviral vectors that allow for the purification of vector-transduced cells to achieve an enriched population of HIV-resistant cells. A selectable protein, human CD25, not normally found on CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), was incorporated into a triple combination anti-HIV lentiviral vector. Upon purification of cells transduced with the preselective anti-HIV vector, safety was demonstrated in CD34+ HPCs and in HPC-derived macrophages in vitro. Upon challenge with HIV-1, improved efficacy was observed in purified preselective anti-HIV vector-transduced macrophages compared to unpurified cells. These proof-of-concept results highlight the potential use of this method to improve HIV stem cell gene therapy for future clinical applications.
Performance capabilities of the ring network circulator for integrated circuits (2002)

The theoretical model of a ring network junction circulator introduced in 1965 is re-examined and further elaborated, in view of its prospects for compatibility with accomplished and anticipated advances in microcircuit technology. Following a brief review of the theory, solutions are presented to illustrate the potential for novel, efficient designs with options including miniature, self-magnetized, reversible, broadband, superconducting, or other advantageous characteristics. New experimental models are showing good conformance to theoretical predictions for this promising alternative circulator design concept.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
On Compression of Data Encrypted with Block Ciphers (2010)

This paper investigates compression of data encrypted with block ciphers, such as the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). It is shown that such data can be feasibly compressed without knowledge of the secret key. Block ciphers operating in various chaining modes are considered and it is shown how compression can be achieved without compromising security of the encryption scheme. Further, it is shown that there exists a fundamental limitation to the practical compressibility of block ciphers when no chaining is used between blocks. Some performance results for practical code constructions used to compress binary sources are presented.
Design of single-phase active power filter using analogue cascade controller (2006)

A very-low-cost active power filter with power-factor-correction capability for solving power quality problem is proposed. Model-based cascade controller design is presented for the control of the shunt active filter. Harmonic reductions and power-factor correction will both be carried out by the proposed filter. Discussions on the design of the current and voltage control loops are given. Circuit implementation of the proposed control scheme is presented and experimental results are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design scheme.
Reliable, All-Phosphorescent Stacked White Organic Light Emitting Devices with a High Color Rendering Index (2017)

High efficiency solid state lighting devices have the potential to significantly reduce lighting energy usage while also offering good color rendering and longer lifetimes than conventional lighting sources. While organic light emitting diodes are promising candidates for this application, their operational lifetime is limited by the blue phosphorescent chromophore. We demonstrate stacked white phosphorescent light emitting devices (SWOLEDs) with lifetimes (as determined from the time it takes to lose 30% of the initial luminance of 1000 cd/m2) of up to 80000 h. The correlated color temperature of the devices ranges between 2780 and 3300 K, with color rendering index as high as 89. The three emitter (red, green, and blue) devices contain up to five stacked elements and employ red emitting blocking layers, stable charge generation layers, graded doping, and hot excited state management to achieve long lifetime. The materials and layer structures used and design principles for SWOLEDs are discussed.
A common SIP profile for next-generation networks (2006)

The telephony network is evolving to an all Internet Protocol (IP)-based network. The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) and 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) standards organizations are currently defining the network architecture for the next generation IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network, which is being applied to multiple access technologies and networks, including the next-generation network (NGN). Concurrently, an effort lead by International Telecommunications Union Telecommunications standardization sector study group 13 (ITU-T SG 13), and presently carried in the focus group on NGN, is adopting IMS for wireline networks. The European Telecommunications Standards Institute's (ETSI) Telecommunication and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networks (TISPAN) group is also developing NGN specifications. An essential part of the next-generation network is the seamless interaction with the existing telephony network, enabled by interworking between integrated services digital network user part (ISUP) in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) in the IMS. Several SIP profiles have been defined in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and ITU-T for specific interworking applications. SIP is a very flexible protocol with numerous options and extensions. A SIP profile is a specific combination of options and extensions as used by an application. No profile currently supports the interworking of all existing services between SIP networks. This paper analyzes existing SIP profiles against requirements for interworking between different networks and identifies the main SIP profile characteristics necessary to effectively interoperate between multiple networks while maintaining existing services. Two SIP profiles used in ITU-T discussions — IMS SIP and SIP with encapsulated ISUP (SIP-I) — are highlighted to explain ISUP signaling situations. Requirements for a common SIP profile are then described as they relate to these two profiles.
Bi-criteria studies of mesh network restoration path-length versus capacity tradeoffs (2001)

Mesh-restorable networks are of interest as an alternative to rings for DWDM-based optical networks. We study the capacity design of mesh networks using a bi-criteria formulation to explore the optimal trade-off between restoration capacity and restoration path-lengths.
Templated nanofiber synthesis via chemical vapor polymerization into liquid crystalline films (2018)

Extrusion, electrospinning, and microdrawing are widely used to create fibrous polymer mats, but these approaches offer limited access to oriented arrays of nanometer-scale fibers with controlled size, shape, and lateral organization. We show that chemical vapor polymerization can be performed on surfaces coated with thin films of liquid crystals to synthesize organized assemblies of end-attached polymer nanofibers. The process uses low concentrations of radical monomers formed initially in the vapor phase and then diffused into the liquid-crystal template. This minimizes monomer-induced changes to the liquid-crystal phase and enables access to nanofiber arrays with complex yet precisely defined structures and compositions. The nanofiber arrays permit tailoring of a wide range of functional properties, including adhesion that depends on nanofiber chirality.