gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transepidermal water loss: the signal for recovery of barrier structure and function. (1989)

Previous studies have demonstrated that perturbations in barrier function stimulate epidermal lipid synthesis and that this increase can be prevented by occlusive membranes. These observations suggest that epidermal lipid synthesis might be related to barrier function and raised the question whether transcutaneous water flux might regulate epidermal lipogenesis. In the present study we first abrogated the barrier with acetone, and then compared the rate of repletion of stainable lipids, barrier recovery, and epidermal lipogenesis in animals covered with occlusive membranes or vapor-permeable membranes versus uncovered animals. Acetone treatment of hairless mice removed stainable neutral lipids from the stratum corneum, with repletion evident both biochemically and histochemically within 48 hr in uncovered animals. In contrast, when the animals were covered with an occlusive membrane, the usual return of stratum corneum lipids was aborted. Since application of vapor-permeable membranes allowed normal lipid repletion, occlusion alone is not responsible for the inhibition of lipid repletion. Acetone treatment also perturbed epidermal barrier function, which returned to normal in uncovered animals in parallel with the reappearance of stratum corneum lipid. However, when animals were covered with an occlusive membrane, barrier function did not recover normally. In contrast, occlusion with vapor-permeable membranes allowed barrier function to recover normally. Finally, whereas occlusive membranes prevented the characteristic increase in epidermal lipid synthesis that follows barrier perturbation, epidermal lipid synthesis was increased in animals covered with a vapor-permeable membrane. These results point to transepidermal water flux itself as the signal that regulates epidermal lipid synthesis, which is associated first with the redeposition of stratum corneum lipids and then the normalization of stratum corneum barrier function.
Writing Current Reduction in Phase Change Memory Device with U-shaped Heater (PCM-U) (2006)

For the writing current reduction, we firstly proposed and successfully manufactured phase change memory device with U-shaped heater (PCM-U) device, in which TiN heater surrounds Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST). The experimental results clearly indicate that PCM-U has noticeably shorter SET operation time and 50% smaller RESET current, compared with the conventional. We suggest that the improved properties of PCM-U are due to the overlap of programmable volume.
A Two‐Photon Turn‐On Probe for Lipid Rafts with Minimum Internalization (2010)

Finding lipid rafts: We report a two-photon turn-on probe (SL2) that emits strong two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) in lipid rafts and can detect the lipid rafts in live cells and living tissues by two-photon microscopy without any internalization problems. Detailed facts of importance to specialist readers are published as ”Supporting Information”. Such documents are peer-reviewed, but not copy-edited or typeset. They are made available as submitted by the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Water circulation and maintenance system for an ultrasound mammary scanning apparatus (1982)

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Counter rotating double-disc chunker. Patent Application (1985)

The invention relates to a device for disintegration of wood such as roundwood, tree-tops, branches, waste wood, etc to firewood of a suitable length.
Acquiring sectional profile of metro tunnels using charge-coupled device cameras (2015)

Timely acquiring deformation of sectional profile is a proactive maintenance activity for ensuring the safety of tunnels. Metro tunnels, especially constructed by shield tunnelling method, are long span infrastructures need to inspect their deformations at many different positions. This is a vast amount of work if carried by traditional approaches manually. Some advanced technologies, such as terrestrial laser scanning, are also unable to carry out the work quickly and economically. However, only severe deformations that may lead to emergency action are required to be detected timely. Thus, the urgent demands for acquiring sectional profile of metro tunnel should be of fast in operation, accuracy under tolerable acceptance and competitive with cost efficient. This paper focuses on the method of acquiring sectional profile of metro tunnels by a cart equipped with charge-coupled device cameras. The geometric features of sectional profile are extracted from images by a series of algorithms based on photogrammetry. Using this method, the speed of acquisition is improved no less than 5 km/h with acceptable accuracy. An on-site application validates that this method is sufficient for screening out severe deformations in metro tunnel.
Determination of Electrochemical Potential Gradients without Reinforcement Connection in Reinforced Concrete Structures (2012)

Article Determination of Electrochemical Potential Gradients without Reinforcement Connection in Reinforced Concrete Structures was published on October 1, 2012 in the journal Restoration of Buildings and Monuments (volume 18, issue 5).
Laser cryptography by optical chaos (2003)

We propose a method to obtain intensity chaos of high dimensionality from a laser diode with a nonlinear delayed feedback. The core of the chaotic transmitter and receiver is formed by an electro-topic LiNbO3 modulator that is used to generate strong nonlinearities and chaotic waveforms. The method can be used for encrypting and decrypting a signal in a chaos-based communication system.
Clinical development of an anti-GPC-1 antibody for the treatment of cancer (2022)

Clinical development of novel anti-GPC-1 antibody-based formats is still in its early days. Using the patented anti-GPC-1 Miltuximab® as a case study, we have made an attempt to illustrate a pathway for preclinical to clinical translation, which could be useful for newer GPC-1 targeting immunotherapy agents.
D-serine mitigates cell loss associated with temporal lobe epilepsy (2020)

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type of drug-resistant epilepsy in adults, with an unknown etiology. A hallmark of TLE is the characteristic loss of layer 3 neurons in the medial entorhinal area (MEA) that underlies seizure development. One approach to intervention is preventing loss of these neurons through better understanding of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Here, we show that both neurons and glia together give rise to the pathology that is mitigated by the amino acid D-serine whose levels are potentially diminished under epileptic conditions. Focal administration of D-serine to the MEA attenuates neuronal loss in this region thereby preventing epileptogenesis in an animal model of TLE. Additionally, treatment with D-serine reduces astrocyte counts in the MEA, alters their reactive status, and attenuates proliferation and/or infiltration of microglia to the region thereby curtailing the deleterious consequences of neuroinflammation. Given the paucity of compounds that reduce hyperexcitability and neuron loss, have anti-inflammatory properties, and are well tolerated by the brain, D-serine, an endogenous amino acid, offers new hope as a therapeutic agent for refractory TLE.
Rubber-Thermoplastic Compositions. Part III. Predicting Elastic Moduli of Melt Mixed Rubber-Plastic Blends (1981)

Abstract Blends prepared by mixing rubbers with plastics in the molten state have been known and used for a number of years. The stiffness of such blends vary widely with both the proportions of rubber to plastic and with material selection, even at equivalent rubber to plastic proportions. This report describes correlations between blend stiffness and the properties of the individual blend components. Dynamic shear modulus G ′, determined by torsion pendulum measurements, was used to characterize the stiffnesses of the blends. Values of G ′ were related to the moduli of the hard and soft (plastic and rubber) phases, G ′ H and G ′ S , and the volume fraction of plastic ϕ H through a single adjustable parameter by means of a recently proposed relationship. The adjustable parameter was then correlated with other properties of the blend components. In contrast with the work reported in the first two papers of this series, this report is on compositions in which the rubber is not crosslinked.
Electromagnetic Characterization of Hydraulic Fracture Shape and Permeability (2015)

Summary Our numerical proof-of-concept studies demonstrate that surface electric field measurements can provide sensitivity to both the geometric distribution of injected conductive fluids and or conductively enhanced proppant as well as sensitivity to the created hydraulic permeability of the fracture zone. This is the first demonstration of a capability to define shape and permeability of hydraulic fractures using EM systems. This work provides the necessary supporting evidence to justify new developments in joint flow and geophysical inversion for hydraulic fracture characterization. The next phase of these experiments will utilize hydro-geophysical parameter estimation capabilities of our flow and transport simulator in order to assess the resolution of the conductive fracture zone and its hydraulic permeability. Further extending this framework will involve the addition of MEQ data for the joint inversion of hydrological and EM-seismic data combinations.
Serum bound forms of PSP94 (prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids) in prostate cancer patients (2000)

PSP94 (prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids) was regarded as a possible prostate cancer marker, however, it has been controversial. All prior studies were designed to test the free form in serum using antibodies to PSP94. Results presented here demonstrate that PSP94 exists in prostate cancer patients in two forms, free and bound, and that the majority is present as serum bound complexes. This result was demonstrated by using both native and SDS-PAGE analyses of serum proteins from prostate cancer patients. Chromatographic separation of serum total proteins by a molecular sieve column generated two peaks (peak I and II), which were reactive with rabbit antiserum to human PSP94 in Western blot experiments. Peak I was eluted before the IgG fraction at a molecular weight larger than 150 kDa, and peak II appeared after serum albumin ( approximately 67 kDa) was eluted. By using a biotinylated PSP94 as an indicator of the free form of PSP94, we demonstrate that peak I contains serum PSP94-bound complexes and peak II is likely the free form of serum PSP94. Since the molecular weight of serum PSP94-bound complexes is close to IgG during molecular sieve separation, serum PSP94 complexes were further purified through two rounds of protein A column separation, followed by DEAE-ion exchange column chromatography. In vitro dissociation tests of the purified PSP94-bound complexes showed that the binding of serum PSP94-complexes is probably via disulfide bonds and is chemically stable. The results presented here indicate that serum PSP94-bound complexes must be considered in evaluating the clinical utility of PSP94 as a prostate cancer marker.
Dynamic dispersion compensation in a 10-Gb/s optical system using a novel voltage tuned nonlinearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (1999)

We experimentally demonstrate dynamic dispersion compensation using a novel nonlinearly chirped fiber Bragg grating in a 10-Gb/s system. A single piezoelectric transducer continuously tunes the induced dispersion from 300 to 1000 ps/nm. The system achieves a bit-error rate=10/sup -9/ after both 50 and 104 km of single-mode fiber by dynamically tuning the dispersion of the grating between 500 and 1000 ps/nm, respectively. The power penalty after 104 km is reduced from 3.5 to <1 dB.
Evidence from family studies that the gene causing Huntington disease is telomeric to D4S95 and D4S90. (1989)

A DNA probe (D4S95) that detects a variable number of tandem repeats and a single-site-variation polymorphism after digestion with a single restriction enzyme, AccI, has previously been described. The order of this probe relative to the gene for Huntington disease (HD) and other previously described markers has not been established. Analysis of 24 affected families with HD has shown that D4S95 is in tight linkage with the gene causing HD, with a maximal Lod score of 12.489 at a theta of .03. D4S90 is a probe which maps to 4p16.3, telomeric to D4S95, and detects polymorphisms with HincII and other enzymes. In one affected person, recombination has occurred between D4S10 and HD, between D4S95 and HD, and in all likelihood also between D4S90 and HD, which strongly suggests that the gene for HD is telomeric to all these DNA probes. This suggests that the gene causing HD is located in the most distal region of the short arm of chromosome 4, flanked by D4S90 and the telomere, and supports the locus order D4S10-D4S95-D4S90-HD-telomere. D4S95 is a most useful DNA marker for predictive testing programs, while D4S90 will serve as a useful starting point for identifying DNA fragments closer to the gene for HD.
Distorted Gold(I)–Phosphine Complexes as Antifungal Agents (2019)

Fungi cause serious nosocomial infections including candidiasis and aspergillosis, some of which display reduced susceptibility to current antifungals. Inorganic compounds have been found to be beneficial against various medical ailments but have yet to be applied to fungal infections. Here, we explore the activity of linear and square-planar gold(I)-phosphine complexes against a panel of 28 fungal strains including <i>Candida</i> spp., <i>Cryptococcus</i> spp., <i>Aspergillus</i> spp., and <i>Fusarium</i> spp. Notably, two square-planar gold(I) complexes with excellent broad-spectrum activity display potent antifungal effects against strains of <i>Candida auris</i>, an emerging multidrug-resistant fungus that presents a serious global health threat. To characterize the biological activity of these gold(I) complexes, we used a series of time-kill studies, cytotoxicity and hemolysis assays, as well as whole-cell uptake and development of resistance studies.
A multistage minimum variance distortionless response beamformer for noise reduction (2015)

This paper develops a multistage approach to the implementation of the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer. It first divides the microphone array of M sensors into M/2 subarrays with each subarray having only two microphones, and a two-channel MVDR beamformer is performed with each subarray. The M/2 subarrays' outputs are then treated as the inputs of M/4 subarrays of two channels in the next stage. Similarly, a two-channel MVDR beamformer is performed with each subarray in the second stage. This process is repeated till the last stage that has only a single output. This multistage MVDR beamformer has the following properties: (1) Its performance is identical to that of the conventional MVDR beamformer in spatially uncorrelated noise; (2) it is much more robust than the conventional MVDR beamformer in diffuse noise, i.e., it has a significantly higher white noise gain as compared to the traditional MVDR beamformer; and (3) its complexity is an order of magnitude smaller than that of the traditional MVDR beamformer. This basic principle can also be easily generalized to the case where every subarray has more than two microphones.
Fast pattern matching in compressed data packages (2010)

This paper targets deep packet classification (Layer 4-7) for applications within Firewalls and Intrusion Detection/prevention systems (IDS/IPS). Specifically targeting string matching applications, this paper will focus on processing of web-content, HTTP, at high speed (>;10 Gigabit). The main contribution of this work is in the field of combined payload search and HTTP decompression. In general, decompression is difficult to perform at wire-speed due to the additional data-amounts generated, which means that a decompressed 10 Gbit/s link could contain e.g. 30-40 Gigabit data. This paper presents a method which makes it is possible to find a match in the data packages of the data stream without the need for searching in the decompressed data stream, thereby avoiding the possibility of "data explosions".
Mitochondrial markers predict survival and progression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: Use as companion diagnostics (2017)

Here, we used an informatics-based approach to identify novel biomarkers of overall survival and tumor progression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We determined whether nuclear-encoded genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis and function can be used to effectively predict clinical outcome in lung cancer. This strategy allowed us to directly provide <i>in silico</i> validation of the prognostic value of these mitochondrial components in large, clinically-relevant, lung cancer patient populations. Towards this end, we used a group of 726 lung cancer patients, with negative surgical margins. Importantly, in this group of cancer patients, markers of cell proliferation (Ki67 and PCNA) were associated with poor overall survival, as would be expected. Similarly, key markers of inflammation (CD163 and CD68) also predicted poor clinical outcome in this patient population. Using this approach, we identified >180 new individual mitochondrial gene probes that effectively predicted significantly reduced overall survival, with hazard-ratios (HR) of up to 4.89 (p<1.0e-16). These nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes included chaperones, membrane proteins as well as ribosomal proteins (MRPs) and components of the OXPHOS (I-V) complexes. In this analysis, HSPD1, a key marker of mitochondrial biogenesis, had the highest predictive value and was also effective in predicting tumor progression in both smokers and non-smokers alike. In fact, it had even higher predictive value in non-smokers (HR=5.9; p=3.9e-07). Based on this analysis, we conclude that mitochondrial biogenesis should be considered as a new therapeutic target, for the more effective treatment of human lung cancers. The mitochondrial biomarkers that we have identified could serve as new companion diagnostics to assist clinicians in more accurately predicting clinical outcomes in lung cancer patients, driving more personalized cancer therapy.
Pessimism Reduction In Static Timing Analysis Using Interdependent Setup and Hold Times (2006)

A methodology is proposed for interdependent setup time and hold time characterization of sequential circuits. Integrating the methodology into an industrial sign-off static timing analysis tool is described. The proposed methodology prevents optimism and reduces unnecessary pessimism, both of which exist due to independent characterization. Furthermore, the tradeoff between interdependent setup and hold times is exploited to significantly reduce slack violations. These benefits are validated using industrial circuits and tools
Thixoforming of Steel: Parameters and Means for Industrialization (2008)

The deformation process of steel in the semi-solid state, or thixoforming is an alternative solution to the classical industrial processes that are the casting or the hot forging. Thixoformed steel parts are of better quality and may substitute advantageously parts realized in cast iron leading to an improvement of the rigidity, for example, but also parts in aluminium alloys obtained by the main deformation processes: for lower volume, thixoformed steel parts, keeping the same functionality, present superior mechanical properties than the parts realized in aluminium alloys. The industrial development of the steel thixoforming must be accompanied by the knowledge and the various parameters control of the process: steel grades definition and elaboration, the homogeneous high-temperature heating of the slug before deformation, conception or re-conception of the part to adapt it to the process and the practice properties, the equipment definitions which are used for the deformation operation at the semi-solid state. The handling system is also important in the thixoforming process; it is going to allow the slug transfer, at the semi-solid state, between the heating zone and the tooling or to evacuate the thixoformed part towards the mean assuring the quality heat treatment of the part. The means choice which are industrially going to ensure the process have a big importance to obtain successful production line and so, a cost reduction by “finished” part competitive with regard to processes used classically today. After the description of the applicable key points to the main parameters and the solutions used to obtain a successful product: high mechanical characteristics, near net shape or net shape geometry, no flash and limited machining operation, ... are described , The investigations finished with an approach comparing the part cost realised by thixoforming process with regard to classical processes.
Air-charge estimation and prediction in spark ignition internal combustion engines (1999)

We consider the problem of air-charge estimation and prediction for a spark-ignition engine equipped with an intake manifold pressure sensor and an exhaust gas recirculation valve. Accurate prediction of air-charge is needed to determine the engine fuelling rate for optimal performance of the three way catalyst. Using the standard mean-value model of the intake manifold filling and emptying, we propose simple and robust estimator and predictor. Performance has been evaluated in simulation and experimentally in a vehicle.
Stimulated Rayleigh-Bragg scattering enhanced by two-photon excitation (2004)

A frequency-unshifted and backward stimulated Rayleigh scattering can be produced in a linearly transparent but two-photon absorbing medium. Using a novel two-photon active dye solution as the nonlinear medium pumped by 532-nm and ~10-ns laser pulses, a highly directional backward stimulated scattering at the pump wavelength can be readily observed. The experimental results on spectral structure, spatial and temporal behaviors, and output/input relationship of this new type of stimulated scattering are presented. To explain the observed phenomenon and its experimental behaviors, a physical model of feedback mechanism provided by a two-photon-excitation enhanced Bragg grating inside the scattering medium is proposed. Comparing to other types of stimulated scattering, the stimulated Rayleigh-Bragg scattering exhibits the advantages of no-frequency shift, low threshold, and low requirement for pump spectral line-width.
Development of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 1 (<i>Tg</i>CDPK1) Inhibitors with Potent Anti-<i>Toxoplasma</i> Activity (2012)

Toxoplasmosis is a disease of prominent health concern that is caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Proliferation of T. gondii is dependent on its ability to invade host cells, which is mediated in part by calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 (CDPK1). We have developed ATP competitive inhibitors of TgCDPK1 that block invasion of parasites into host cells, preventing their proliferation. The presence of a unique glycine gatekeeper residue in TgCDPK1 permits selective inhibition of the parasite enzyme over human kinases. These potent TgCDPK1 inhibitors do not inhibit the growth of human cell lines and represent promising candidates as toxoplasmosis therapeutics.
P‐glycoprotein is a marker of tissue eosinophilia and radiographic inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (2013)

P-gp is known to be overexpressed in CRSwNP. This study suggests that among patients with CRSsNP, P-gp is similarly overexpressed in those with high tissue eosinophilia and correlates with severity of radiographic inflammation.