gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Full-color visibility model using CSF which varies spatially with local luminance (2014)

A full color visibility model has been developed that uses separate contrast sensitivity functions (CSFs) for contrast variations in luminance and chrominance (red-green and blue-yellow) channels. The width of the CSF in each channel is varied spatially depending on the luminance of the local image content. The CSF is adjusted so that more blurring occurs as the luminance of the local region decreases. The difference between the contrast of the blurred original and marked image is measured using a color difference metric. This spatially varying CSF performed better than a fixed CSF in the visibility model, approximating subjective measurements of a set of test color patches ranked by human observers for watermark visibility. The effect of using the CIEDE2000 color difference metric compared to CIEDE1976 (i.e., a Euclidean distance in CIELAB) was also compared.
0.5A fast CMOS LDO (2009)

The paper presents a 0.5 A fast response CMOS LDO built in a double-metal 0.5 mum 5.5 V CMOS technology. It includes a symmetrical op amp configured as voltage follower, having a built-in adaptive bias behavior. The frequency compensation is cascode-Miller type. The circuit consumes 55 muA without load, less than 90 muA at full load, and uses a 1 V voltage reference. Output current capability is 0.5 A, while dropout voltage value is typical 300 mV.
Molecular Characterization of Acetolactate Synthase in Resistant Weeds and Crops (2005)

The goal of this paper is to outline the studies on the molecular characteristics of acetolactate synthase (ALS) in herbicide resistant weeds and crops. For this purpose, papers and patents concerning this field were reviewed, and our studies involving novel mutated ALS genes from rice cells, synthesized rice ALS genes, performance of the gene as a selectable marker for the genetic transformation, generation of transgenic plants with the gene, and the use of the recombinant ALS's for the herbicide resistance management were briefly summarized. Introduction Acetolactate synthase, ALS, also referred to as acetohydroxy acid synthase, AHAS, is the first common enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway to the branched-chain amino acids; valine, leucine and isoleucine (Fig. 1). This pathway exists in plants and microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and algae. ALS is the primary target site of action for at least four structurally distinct classes of herbicides including the sulfonylureas (SU),
Humanized Anti-CD26 Monoclonal Antibody as a Treatment for Malignant Mesothelioma Tumors (2007)

Our data strongly suggest that humanized anti-CD26 mAb treatment may have potential clinical use as a novel cancer therapeutic agent in CD26-positive malignant mesothelioma.
Dopant diffusion control in silicon using germanium (1990)

Theory and experiment reveal that germanium, in large quantities and when integrated in the crystalline silicon environment, has a long range influence on electrically active dopant species. In regions having very high concentrations of substitutional germanium, calculations predict, and experiments confirm, sharp distinctions between the diffusion pattern exhibited by n-type dopants and the diffusion pattern produced by p-type dopants. n-type dopant diffusion, whether the species occupies a substitutional site or an interstitial position, is predicted and observed to be retarded through regions of very high concentrations of germanium. On the other hand, the dual behavior pattern for p-type dopants, predicted successfully, results in diminished diffusion of interstitial dopant but enhanced diffusion when the species occupies a substitutional site.
A Feature-Driven Approach for Identifying Pathogenic Social Media Accounts (2020)

Over the past few years, we have observed different media outlets' attempts to shift public opinion by framing information to support a narrative that facilitate their goals. Malicious users referred to as “pathogenic social media” (PSM) accounts are more likely to amplify this phenomena by spreading misinformation to viral proportions. Understanding the spread of misinformation from account-level perspective is thus a pressing problem. In this work, we aim to present a feature-driven approach to detect PSM accounts in social media. Inspired by the literature, we set out to assess PSMs from three broad perspectives: (1) user-related information (e.g., user activity, profile characteristics), (2) source-related information (i.e., information linked via URLs shared by users) and (3) content-related information (e.g., tweets characteristics). For the user-related information, we investigate malicious signals using causality analysis (i.e., if user is frequently a cause of viral cascades) and profile characteristics (e.g., number of followers, etc.). For the source-related information, we explore various malicious properties linked to URLs (e.g., URL address, content of the associated website, etc.). Finally, for the content-related information, we examine attributes (e.g., number of hashtags, suspicious hashtags, etc.) from tweets posted by users. Experiments on real-world Twitter data from different countries demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in identifying PSM users.
Improvement of knowledge-based automatic slice-alignment method for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (2012)

Background Automatic slice alignment allows images of the six standard cardiac planes as defined in the SCMR Image Acquisition Protocols to be obtained by simple and quick operation. Our previously reported method can detect these planes using ECG-gated breath-hold axial multislice images [1]. Achieving higher accuracy and greater robustness for variation in clinical images will lead to improved usability and reliability, resulting in easier cardiac MR examinations. To achieve these goals, we have substantially refined our previously reported automatic slice-alignment method. A combination of knowledge-based recognition and image processing techniques is applied to multiple feature point search to reduce errors in automatic detection. Volunteer and clinical data were used to evaluate of the degree of improvement.
Sealed lithium--reducible gas cell. [cathode comprises SO/sub 2/ in propylene carbonate containing LiClO/sub 4/ tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate] (1976)

A sealed lithium--reducible gas cell is described which comprises a casing, an anode positioned within the casing (the anode selected from the class consisting of lithium, lithium as an amalgam, and lithium in a nonaqueous electrolyte), a cathode positioned within the casing (the cathode consisting of a reducible gas in a nonaqueous electrolyte with an ionic conductivity-enhancing material), and a solid lithium--sodium aluminate electrolyte positioned within the casing between the anode and cathode and in contact with both the anode and cathode (the solid lithium--sodium aluminate electrolyte having an approximate composition of LiNaO-9Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ of which 1.3 to 85 percent of the total alkali ion content is lithium).
P2–404: Clearance of beta‐amyloid protofibrils/oligomers in the brain and CSF of TG‐APP ARCSWE mice following treatment with the protofibril‐selective antibody mAb158 (2013)

Soluble amyloid β (Aβ) protofibrils are suggested to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Aβ monomers gradually aggregate and form larger soluble molecular species (protofibrils/oligomers), which eventually build the insoluble fibrils that deposit in plaques. The soluble forms of Aβ correlate better with disease severity than insoluble fibrils. The tg-APP ArcSwe mouse model expresses elevated levels of Aβ protofibrils in the brain, and is therefore a suitable model for investigating these Aβ species in vivo. The protofibril-selective monoclonal antibody mAb158 (IgG2a) was given by weekly intraperitoneal injections to aged tg-APP ArcSwe mice, and clearance of soluble brain protofibrils was evaluated in brain TBS extract using a mAb158-based sandwich ELISA, as well as in the CSF using a 82E1-based sandwich ELISA. The mAb158-based sandwich ELISA specifically detects Aβ protofibrils, while the 82E1-based sandwich ELISA also detects smaller Aβ oligomers, without interference from Aβ monomers or treatment antibody present in brain TBS extracts and CSF. Long-term treatment (3 months) of 11–13 months old tg-APP ArcSwe mice with mAb158 (10 mg/kg) led to reduced levels of soluble Aβ protofibrils in brain (41%) compared to placebo-treated mice. This reduction was accompanied by a concomitant 53% reduction in oligomeric Aβ species in CSF, and a highly significant correlation between brain and CSF Aβ protofibril/oligomer levels was observed (R 2 =0.297, p<0.0001). Treatment antibody was present in the brain and CSF at 0.2% and 0.05% of the mAb158 concentration measured in plasma, indicating that the treatment antibody reached its target organ. The presence of treatment antibody in the brain suggests that one possible clearance mechanism for soluble Aβ protofibrils is via microglial phagocytosis mediated by Fcγ-receptors. Treatment with mAb158 cleared toxic Aβ protofibrils from brain and this clearance was reflected in CSF, suggesting that oligomeric species of Aβ can function as a potential clinical biomarker to monitor treatment effect in Alzheimer's disease.
<title>Power output uniformity and power output capabilities of a guidewire-compatible cylindrical light-diffusing catheter</title> (1994)

Cardiovascular Photodynamic Therapy requires the uniform application of laser energy over the length of an atherosclerotic lesion, thus ensuring equal treatment to all parts of the lesion. The total amount of laser energy delivered to the lesion also affects the results of the treatment. Uniform light distribution both radially and axially of a cylindrical diffuser during Photodynamic Therapy prevents miscalculated dosimetry and uneven treatment. Maximizing the amount of laser power delivered to the cylindrical diffuser tip (without inducing temperature elevation) minimizes the exposure time thus reducing the overall treatment time. Power output uniformity and power output capabilities are thus crucial factors in the design of a cardiovascular cylindrical diffuser. This paper will discuss the output characteristics and performance of six guidewire compatible cylindrical diffusers. Each diffuser consists of an array of fiber optics surrounding an inner guidewire lumen. This assembly is covered by an outer sheath. The fibers launch into an elastomer which contains a scattering medium. In this way a light diffusing tip is created. The total length of the fiber system is 3.0 meters. The total length of the difffuser tip is 2.0 cm.
Unsupervised writer style adaptation for handwritten word spotting (2008)

We propose a novel approach for writer adaptation in a word spotting task. The method exploits the fact that a semi-continuous hidden Markov model separates the word model parameters into (i) a shared codebook of shapes and (ii) a set of word-specific parameters. Our main contribution is to derive writer-specific word models by statistically adapting an initial universal codebook to each document. This process is unsupervised and does not even require the appearance of the keyword(s) in the searched document. Experimental results show an increase in performance when this adaptation technique is applied. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first work dealing with adaptation for word spotting.
Safety and Immunogenicity of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine RSV/ΔNS2/Δ1313/I1314L in RSV-Seronegative Children (2019)

NCT01893554.
45.2: Electro‐Optics of Liquid Crystals Doped with Ferroelectric Nano‐Powder (2005)

Abstract Suspensions of ferroelectric nanoparticles in a nematic liquid crystal host possess enhanced dielectric anisotropy, and are sensitive to the sign of an applied electric field. Here we also show that the particles contribute to the total achievable phase shift of the composite material. This approach may be used to design new materials for displays.
Monitoring for security intrusion using performance signatures (2010)

A new approach for detecting security attacks on software systems by monitoring the software system performance signatures is introduced. We present a proposed architecture for security intrusion detection using off-the-shelf security monitoring tools and performance signatures. Our approach relies on the assumption that the performance signature of the well-behaved system can be measured and that the performance signature of several types of attacks can be identified. This assumption has been validated for operations support systems that are used to monitor large infrastructures and receive aggregated traffic that is periodic in nature. Examples of such infrastructures include telecommunications systems, transportation systems and power generation systems. In addition, significant deviation from well-behaved system performance signatures can be used to trigger alerts about new types of security attacks. We used a custom performance benchmark and five types of security attacks to derive performance signatures for the normal mode of operation and the security attack mode of operation. We observed that one of the types of the security attacks went undetected by the off-the-shelf security monitoring tools but was detected by our approach of monitoring performance signatures. We conclude that an architecture for security intrusion detection can be effectively complemented by monitoring of performance signatures.
Monoclonal antibodies to surface antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and their use in a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay for detection of mycobacteria (1996)

Three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were generated from splenocytes of a BALB/c mouse immunized with heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. All three MAbs bound to surface epitopes of M. tuberculosis as shown by whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence, and immunoelectron microscopy. One immunoglobulin M (IgM) MAb bound to lipoarabinomannan, the second IgM MAb bound to mycolyl-arabinogalactan-peptidoglycan complex, and the third MAb, an IgG3, bound to a surface epitope of an uncertain nature. The MAbs demonstrated different cross-reactivity patterns with other mycobacteria. Two of the MAbs were used to develop a modified ELISA spot assay for the detection of mycobacteria.
Downhole Fluid Analysis Coupled with Novel Asphaltene Science for Reservoir Evaluation (2010)

In elementary school science, one learns that matter is composed of solids, liquids and gases. True to form, crude oils obey this basic tenet with constituent solids (asphaltenes), liquids, and hydrocarbon (and other) gases. Modeling of gasliquid properties of reservoir crude oil such as gradients of GOR, saturation pressure, etc. can be accomplished using standard cubic equations of state (EoS). Moreover, the new technology downhole fluid analysis (DFA) enables measurement of these corresponding gradients of reservoir fluid properties. When these DFAmeasured fluid gradients are shown to be in equilibrium, that is, properly modeled by a cubic EoS, then reservoir connectivity is implied. Equilibration of reservoir fluids requires massive fluid flow throughout the reservoir and is inconsistent with intervening sealing barriers. In contrast, modeling the solid-fluid equilibria of reservoir crude oils had been precluded until now because of the lack of understanding of asphaltene fundamentals. For example, there had been a ~6 orders of magnitude debate about asphaltene molecular weight. Without knowing the asphaltene size, gravity and other terms cannot be determined and proper asphaltene modeling in reservoir crude oils is precluded. Major advances in asphaltene science have been made, codified in the modified Yen model and are based on extensive laboratory and oilfield studies. This new understanding enables proper modeling of solid-fluid equilibria of asphaltenes correcting perhaps the greatest limitation of petroleum science. Using DFA-measured asphaltene (and GOR) gradients coupled with this new asphaltene nanoscience, it is now possible to model heavy-end distributions of reservoir fluids from heavy oils to condensates. Moreover, for low GOR crude oils, the GOR is homogenous; thus, only the heavy end gradients are useful for reservoir connectivity analysis. The new technology of DFA coupled with new asphaltene science is shown in numerous case studies to greatly broaden the understanding of reservoir crude oils and represents a powerful new tool to address reservoir connectivity.
Synthesis of Heterocyclic Thiourea Compounds with Amino Acid Side Chain as Nonnucleoside Inhibitors of HIV‐1 Reverse Transcriptase (2006)

Abstract Heterocyclic thioureas having an amino acid ester side chain were prepared in two steps with overall yields of 65–85%. Condensation of a substituted heterocyclic amine with thiocarbonyldiimidazole, followed by treatment with an amino acid methyl ester hydrochloride in DMF, yielded the desired heterocyclic thioureas as crystalline solids. Amino acid esters such as glycine, leucine, valine, phenyl alanine, and tryptophan were used to prepare these thioureas. Keywords: Thioureaamino acidheterocyclicnonnucleoside
Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated Rescue of the Cognitive Defects in a Mouse Model for Angelman Syndrome (2011)

Angelman syndrome (AS), a genetic disorder occurring in approximately one in every 15,000 births, is characterized by severe mental retardation, seizures, difficulty speaking and ataxia. The gene responsible for AS was discovered to be UBE3A and encodes for E6-AP, an ubiquitin ligase. A unique feature of this gene is that it undergoes maternal imprinting in a neuron-specific manner. In the majority of AS cases, there is a mutation or deletion in the maternally inherited UBE3A gene, although other cases are the result of uniparental disomy or mismethylation of the maternal gene. While most human disorders characterized by severe mental retardation involve abnormalities in brain structure, no gross anatomical changes are associated with AS. However, we have determined that abnormal calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) regulation is seen in the maternal UBE3A deletion AS mouse model and is responsible for the major phenotypes. Specifically, there is an increased αCaMKII phosphorylation at the autophosphorylation sites Thr(286) and Thr(305/306), resulting in an overall decrease in CaMKII activity. CaMKII is not produced until after birth, indicating that the deficits associated with AS are not the result of developmental abnormalities. The present studies are focused on exploring the potential to rescue the learning and memory deficits in the adult AS mouse model through the use of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to increase neuronal UBE3A expression. These studies show that increasing the levels of E6-AP in the brain using an exogenous vector can improve the cognitive deficits associated with AS. Specifically, the associative learning deficit was ameliorated in the treated AS mice compared to the control AS mice, indicating that therapeutic intervention may be possible in older AS patients.
Outpatient Glycemic Control with a Bionic Pancreas in Type 1 Diabetes (2014)

As compared with an insulin pump, a wearable, automated, bihormonal, bionic pancreas improved mean glycemic levels, with less frequent hypoglycemic episodes, among both adults and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. (Funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and others; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01762059 and NCT01833988.).
RobE (2018)

Over the past decade, the way that devices connect to the Internet has changed drastically. The introduction of high-speed mobile networks and the omnipresence of wireless access points led to a situation where most devices offer multiple network interfaces, such as cellular and WiFi radios. However the most prevalent Layer 4 protocol, TCP, is not multipath capable and thus limited to using one interface at a time [4]. Multipath TCP [6], which is based on the classic TCP, resolves this problem by spreading the data flow across multiple paths. When a new connection is established, an initial subflow is created for backwards compatibility to TCP; afterwards, additional subflows can be created and MPTCP offers resilience against link failures [1]. Depending on the first flow to create a new connection prevents MPTCP from exploiting multi-link capabilities during the establishment phase. Therefore, if the initial subflow is not successful, a connection cannot be established. In this paper an extension to the existing MPTCP standard is proposed: MPTCP RobE. This solution extends the inherent resiliency of MPTCP against link failures to the establishment phase by introducing the concept of several potentially initial subflows, which tremendously increases the chance to build a successful initial subflow, and at the same time improves end-to-end latency during the establishment phase significantly. In this paper, three different concepts for MPTCP RobE are proposed and discussed with regard to technical aspects and MPTCP standard integration. Finally, a protoype is used to verify the performance of MPTCP RobE with respect to robustness and latency gains in different scenarios.
Models and Applications of in Vivo Lung Morphometry with Hyperpolarized 3He MRI in a Mild COPD Population (2008)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation James D. Quirk, Alexander L. Sukstanskii, David S. Gierada, Jason C. Woods, Mark S. Conradi, Dmitriy A. Yablonskiy; Models and Applications of in Vivo Lung Morphometry with Hyperpolarized 3He MRI in a Mild COPD Population. AIP Conf. Proc. 5 December 2008; 1081 (1): 29–31. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3058539 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Thin-film resonator ladder filter (2002)

Thin-film bulk acoustic wave resonator (BAWR) ladder filters have been realized with IL/spl sim/2.2 dB, and selectivity /spl sim/15 dB for a three resonator filter, IL/spl sim/5 dB and selectivity /spl sim/32 dB for a five resonator filter. Filters with seven and nine resonators have also been characterized. This performance corresponds to achieving a figure of merit Q/r/spl sim/10. The performance possibilities of ladder filters have been calculated with the Q/r figure of merit as a parameter. It is anticipated with improvements in processing and device designs, AlN or ZnO thin-film BAWR ladder filters should achieve IL/spl sim/1.5 dB and selectivity /spl sim/40 dB, corresponding to Q/r/spl sim/40 at 1.5 GHz.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>