gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Molecular Cloning and Expression of Biologically Active Human Glia Maturation Factor‐β (1991)

Glia maturation factor-beta, a protein found in the brains of all vertebrates thus far examined, appears to play a role in the differentiation, maintenance, and regeneration of the nervous system. Using oligonucleotide probes based on the sequences of three tryptic peptides derived from bovine glia maturation factor-beta, we screened a human brainstem cDNA library in lambda gt11. A 0.7-kb clone was isolated, sequenced in its entirety, and found to encode a polypeptide of 142 amino acids which contained regions identical to the three bovine peptides. This polypeptide, human recombinant glia maturation factor-beta, has been expressed in Escherichia coli and found to possess structural characteristics and biological activity indistinguishable from those of the native bovine protein.
[Belching, flatus, breath. Measurements of airborne nitric oxide in the non-invasive diagnosis of inflammation]. (1996)

Enzymatic and non-enzymatic production of nitric oxide in humans: role in inflammation and host defence. Recent studies indicate that nitric oxide (NO) may play an important role in first line of defense in the airways and the stomach, since bacteriostatic concentrations of this gas has been found in the lumen of these organs. Airway NO synthesis is mostly carried out by a high producing "inducible like" NO synthase constantly present in the epithelium of the paranasal sinuses. Stomach NO synthesis, on the other hand, is non-enzymatic and results from acidification of salivary derived nitrite. Excess NO production has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation although the exact role of NO is still unclear. NO production is enhanced in the mucosa of inflammatory diseases such as asthma and ulcerative colitis. Measurements of local NO production may be done in an easy way in the airways and the gastrointestinal tract by simply analyzing the concentrations of NO gas in luminal air of these hollow organs. Such non-invasive methods may be useful not only to explore what role NO plays in inflammation and host defence but possibly also in the diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory mucosal diseases in the airways and gastrointestinal tract.
Imaging the sea surface using a dual-sensor towed streamer (2010)

Abstract Sea-surface profile and reflection coefficient estimates are vital input parameters to various seismic data processing applications. The common assumption of a flat sea surface when processing seismic data can lead to misinterpretations and mislocations of events. A new method of imaging the sea surface from decomposed wavefields has been developed. Wavefield separation is applied to the data acquired by a towed dual-sensor streamer containing collocated pressure and vertical particle velocity sensors to obtain upgoing and downgoing wavefields of the related sensors. Time-gated upgoing and downgoing wavefields corresponding to a given sensor are then extrapolated to the sea surface where an imaging condition is applied so that the time-invariant shape of the sea surface can be recovered. By sliding the data time-window, the temporal changes of the sea surface can be correspondingly estimated. Ray tracing and finite-difference methods were used to generate different controlled data sets used in this feasibility study to demonstrate the imaging principle and to test the image accuracy. The method was also tested on a first field data example of a marginal weather line from the North Sea.
Single-Reaction, Multiplex, Real-Time RT-PCR for the Detection, Quantitation, and Serotyping of Dengue Viruses (2013)

This single-reaction, quantitative, multiplex rRT-PCR for DENV serotyping demonstrates superior analytical and clinical performance, as well as simpler workflow compared to the hemi-nested RT-PCR reference. In particular, this multiplex rRT-PCR detects viral RNA and provides serotype information in specimens collected more than five days after fever onset and from patients who had already developed anti-DENV IgM antibodies. The implementation of this assay in dengue-endemic areas has the potential to improve both dengue diagnosis and epidemiologic surveillance.
Autoantibodies recognizing citrullinated rat filaggrin in an ELISA using citrullinated and non-citrullinated recombinant proteins as antigens are highly diagnostic for rheumatoid arthritis (2003)

The objective of the study was to determine the diagnostic value for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of anti-filaggrin autoantibodies (autoAb) recognizing citrullinated recombinant rat filaggrin (ACRF) in community cases of very early arthritis. To evaluate the diagnostic value of ACRF, were studied sera from patients with different classified rheumatic diseases and healthy subjects (group 1, n= 422) and 314 community cases of very early arthritis (group 2) that were classified as RA (n = 176), non-RA (n = 63) and undifferentiated (n = 75) arthritides after 1 years of follow-up. ACRF were measured using a new ELISA, with results expressed as the difference between the OD value obtained on citrullinated minus that on noncitrullinated rat filaggrin (differential ACRF; dACRF). For both groups, rheumatoid factors (RF), anti-keratin autoAb (AKA) and anti-perinuclear factor (APF) were tested; for group 2, anti-CCP autoAb were also tested. Different reactivity patterns against citrullinated and noncitrullinated filaggrin were observed. Almost all sera reacting with citrullinated but not noncitrullinated filaggrin were from RA patients. Among RA and non-RA sera that recognized both forms of filaggrin, a positive result was obtained only with RA sera. For groups 1 and 2, dACRF sensitivity was 58.4% and 30.7%, and specificity for RA was 99.5% and 98.4%, respectively. In group 2, dACRF specificity for RA was better than that of RF (92.1%), APF (95.2%), AKA (96.8%) and anti-CCP (95.2%). dACRF positive predictive value was high (98.2) and close to that given by the concomitant positivity of RF and anti-CCP autoAb. Despite a high positive correlation between AKA, APF, anti-CCP and dACRF test results, they were complementary since some sera were positive for only one test. Thus, in a community setting, anti-citrullinated rat filaggrin reactivity detected by a new ELISA, whose originality is based on the difference between serum's reactivities on the citrullinated and native forms of filaggrin, had a higher diagnostic value for RA than other autoAb.
Optimal user pairing in downlink MU-MIMO with transmit precoding (2008)

In this paper consider a downlink multiuser-MIMO transmission system in which at most two users can transmit simultaneously on different spatial channels or beams. We show how to find the optimal user subsets for K users in a system where interuser interference is mitigated via transmit precoding an
Carbodiimide-promoted Epoxidation of Olefins with Dilute Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide (1996)

A combination of 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide and carbodiimides has been found to promote the efficient epoxidation of olefins using either acidic or mildly basic catalysts.
Iron-binding haemerythrin RING ubiquitin ligases regulate plant iron responses and accumulation (2013)

Iron is essential for most living organisms. Plants transcriptionally induce genes involved in iron acquisition under conditions of low iron availability, but the nature of the deficiency signal and its sensors are unknown. Here we report the identification of new iron regulators in rice, designated Oryza sativa Haemerythrin motif-containing Really Interesting New Gene (RING)- and Zinc-finger protein 1 (OsHRZ1) and OsHRZ2. OsHRZ1, OsHRZ2 and their Arabidopsis homologue BRUTUS bind iron and zinc, and possess ubiquitination activity. OsHRZ1 and OsHRZ2 are susceptible to degradation in roots irrespective of iron conditions. OsHRZ-knockdown plants exhibit substantial tolerance to iron deficiency, and accumulate more iron in their shoots and grains irrespective of soil iron conditions. The expression of iron deficiency-inducible genes involved in iron utilization is enhanced in OsHRZ-knockdown plants, mostly under iron-sufficient conditions. These results suggest that OsHRZ1 and OsHRZ2 are iron-binding sensors that negatively regulate iron acquisition under conditions of iron sufficiency.
Sustainable Oxide Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen- and Oxygen-Evolution Reactions (2021)

An electrocatalyst for water splitting based on earth-abundant metals is reported. This perovskite–oxide catalyst, CaSrFe0.75Co0.75Mn0.5O6−δ (CSFCM), is examined using both experimental and computational methods. It demonstrates a combination of properties, which include (a) very high activity for the oxygen-evolution reaction with an overpotential of η = 0.19 V at 10 mA/cm2, (b) high stability over 1000 cycles of catalysis, (c) the ability to catalyze the hydrogen-evolution reaction effectively in both acidic and basic conditions, and (d) catalytic activity as a single-phase bulk material without the need for any additional processing, multicomponent composite preparation, or nanofabrication. Therefore, the catalytic activity of CSFCM is intrinsic, making it a good benchmark compound for future studies of electrocatalytic parameters. This work also highlights the impact of systematic structural design on electrocatalytic activity. Results from density functional theory calculations indicate that in addition to an optimal eg occupancy of ∼1, an additional descriptor, i.e., maximizing the number of free eg carriers, correlates with the electrocatalytic activity.
Mg/sub x/Zn/sub 1-x/O: a new piezoelectric material (2002)

Piezoelectric ZnO thin films have been successfully used for multi-layer surface acoustic wave (SAW) and bulk acoustic wave (BAW) devices. Piezoelectric magnesium zinc oxide (Mg/sub x/Zn/sub 1-x/O) films, which are formed by alloying ZnO and MgO, allow for flexibility in thin film SAW and BAW device design. The piezoelectric properties can be tailored by controlling the Mg content, as well as by using Mg/sub x/Zn/sub 1-x/O/ZnO multilayer structures. In this study, ZnO and Mg/sub x/Zn/sub 1-x/O (x/spl les/0.35) thin films are grown on R-plane sapphire substrates. Their SAW properties, including velocity dispersion and piezoelectric coupling, are characterized using test devices. Data for both Rayleigh and Love wave modes, propagating parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis, are presented. In piezoelectric Mg/sub x/Zn/sub 1-x/O films, the acoustic velocity increases, whereas the piezoelectric coupling decreases with increasing Mg content.
Mask Embedding in conditional GAN for Guided Synthesis of High Resolution Images (2019)

Recent advancements in conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs) have shown promises in label guided image synthesis. Semantic masks, such as sketches and label maps, are another intuitive and effective form of guidance in image synthesis. Directly incorporating the semantic masks as constraints dramatically reduces the variability and quality of the synthesized results. We observe this is caused by the incompatibility of features from different inputs (such as mask image and latent vector) of the generator. To use semantic masks as guidance whilst providing realistic synthesized results with fine details, we propose to use mask embedding mechanism to allow for a more efficient initial feature projection in the generator. We validate the effectiveness of our approach by training a mask guided face generator using CELEBA-HQ dataset. We can generate realistic and high resolution facial images up to the resolution of 512*512 with a mask guidance. Our code is publicly available.
Selective recovery of alum from clarifier sludge using composite ion-exchange membranes (1995)

Alum recovery from clarifier sludge produced by water treatment plants has received considerable attention because of the following reasons: (1) Recovered alum can be reused in water treatment plants so that the operation cost of water treatment can be greatly reduced. (2) Since aluminum hydroxide constitutes almost 30%--50% of the total solid content in clarifier sludge, alum recovery will greatly reduce the volume of clarifier sludge. (3) The toxicity of free and complexed aluminum toward aquatic life has concerned many researchers. In recent years, alum recovery from clarifier sludge has been studied by many researchers. The most widely used method for alum recovery is acidic extraction using sulfuric acid. Because the acidic extraction process is nonselective, it is imperative to develop a selective process. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the feasibility of the two-step process for alum recovery, to understand the characteristics of the membranes: the strong acid membrane and the chelating membrane, and to evaluate the feasibility of recovered alum as a coagulant.
High Throughput Spectral Imaging System for Wholesomeness Inspection of Chicken (2008)

An online line-scan imaging system containing an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device detector and line-scan spectrograph was used for identifying wholesome and unwholesome freshly slaughtered chicken carcasses on high-speed commercial chicken processing lines. Hyperspectral images were acquired using the line-scan imaging system for 5549 wholesome chicken carcasses and 93 unwholesome chicken carcasses on a commercial processing line, for analysis to optimize ROI size and location and to determine the key intensity waveband and ratio wavebands to be used for online inspection. Multispectral imaging algorithms were developed for real-time online identification of wholesome and unwholesome chicken carcasses. The imaging system inspected over 100,000 chickens on a commercial 140-bpm kill line during continuous operation and achieved over 99% accuracy in identifying wholesome chickens and over 96% accuracy in identifying unwholesome chickens. A system of this type can perform food safety inspection tasks accurately and with less variation in performance at high speeds (e.g., at least 140 bpm), and help poultry plants to improve production efficiency and satisfy increasing consumer demand for poultry products.
Structured Highlight Inspection Of Specular Surfaces Using Extended Gaussian Images (1989)

The structured highlight inspection method uses an array of point sources to illuminate a specular object surface. The point sources are scanned and highlights on the object surface resulting from each source are used to derive local surface orientation information. The Extended Gaussian Image (EGI) is obtained by placing at each point on a Gaussian sphere a mass proportional to the area of points on the object surface that have a specific orientation. The EGI summarizes shape properties of the object surface and may be efficiently calculated from structured highlight data without surface reconstruction. Features of the estimated EGI including areas, moments, principal axes, homogeneity measures, and polygonality may be used as the basis for classification and inspection. The SHINY Structured Highlight INspection sYstem has been implemented using a hemisphere of 127 point sources. The SHINY system uses a binary coding scheme to make the scanning of point sources efficient. Experiments have used the SHINY system and EGI features for the inspection and classification of surface mounted solder joints. These experiments show excellent consistency with visual inspection and demonstrate the feasibility of the approach for production line inspection systems.
Glucose-stimulated Insulin Biosynthesis Depends on Insulin-stimulated Insulin Gene Transcription (2000)

Glucose stimulation of pancreatic beta-cells leads to insulin secretion as well as up-regulation of insulin biosynthesis. The acute elevation in pro-insulin levels is thought to be exclusively because of the activation of translation of pre-existing prepro-insulin mRNA. Glucose-stimulated insulin gene transcription is believed to be a long term effect and should therefore not contribute to the acute elevation in pro-insulin levels. We have recently shown that glucose activates insulin gene transcription within minutes and that secreted insulin is one of the key factors triggering this process in an autocrine manner. We now provide evidence that 50% of the glucose-stimulated, acute pro-insulin biosynthesis within 30 min results from up-regulated insulin gene transcription. Our data led us to propose that glucose elevates pro-insulin levels by stimulating both transcriptional and post-transcriptional/post-translational events to an equal extent. Whereas the stimulatory effect on transcription is mediated by insulin secreted in response to glucose, glucose directly stimulates the post-transcriptional/post-translational processes.
Ultraviolet A and B wavelength-dependent inactivation of viruses and bacteria in the water (2018)

UVA and UVB can be applied to solar disinfection of water. In this study, the inactivation and photoreactivation of viruses and bacteria in the UVA-B range were analyzed. MS2 and T4 bacteriophages, and Escherichia coli were used as surrogates to quantify dose-response behaviors. Inactivation in UVC was used to validate the methodology and to expand the inactivation action spectra. The results showed log-linear inactivation for MS2 and T4 in the 254-320 nm wavelength range. T4 inactivation was consistently faster than MS2 (except at 320 nm), and for both phages, inactivation decreased with increasing wavelength. The dose-response of bacteria exhibited a lag at low doses, possibly because the photons must strike a discrete number of critical targets before growth stops. A tail was present at high doses for some wavelengths, perhaps due to clumping or the presence of subgroups with higher resistance. The inactivation action spectra for bacteria exhibited a reduction in inactivation as wavelength increased. No bacterial inactivation was observed beyond 320 nm at doses applied. After inactivation at 297 nm (UVA), bacteria regained viability through photoreactivation, and repair increased with increase in photoreactivating light exposure time. This implies additional doses above inactivation thresholds are required to cause irreversible damage. These results are useful for designing solar disinfection systems.
Physical, chemical and biological enhancement in X-ray nanochemistry (2019)

X-ray nanochemistry studies how to use nanomaterials and particularly how to create new nanomaterials to increase the effects of X-rays such as chemical reactivity, damage to cells, tumor destruction, scintillation and more. The increase, also called enhancement, can be categorized into several groups, and the current categorization of enhancement follows a natural division of physical, chemical and biological enhancement based on how nanomaterials behave under X-ray irradiation. In physical enhancement, electrons released from atoms in the nanomaterials upon X-ray ionization interact with the nanomaterials and surrounding media to increase the effects. Scintillation also belongs to this category. Chemical enhancement results when reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive radical intermediates (RRI) produced in aqueous solutions under X-ray irradiation interact with the surface of catalytic nanomaterials to increase the effects. When the damage of cells is enhanced through biological pathways beyond the abovementioned physical or chemical enhancement due to the presence of nanomaterials under X-ray irradiation, the enhancement is called biological enhancement. Works supporting this systematic categorization, the reported values of these enhancements, and important aspects of the development of enhancement in the X-ray nanochemistry framework are given and discussed in this perspective.
Microsatellite DNA as shared genetic markers among conifer species (1999)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer pairs for 21 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci in Pinus strobus L. and 6 in Pinus radiata D. Don. were evaluated to determine whether SSR marker amplification could be achieved in 10 other conifer species. Eighty percent of SSR primer pairs for (AC) n loci that were polymorphic in P. strobus also amplified SSR loci in two other soft pines of the subgenus Strobus but not in seven hard pines of the subgenus Pinus, nor in Picea glauca (Moench) Voss or Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. The six P. strobus SSR primer pairs that did amplify loci from conifers other than soft pines were those that were specific to loci monomorphic within P. strobus. These six loci were also monomorphic within seven other species tested, but four of the loci were polymorphic among species. A comparison of allelic variation among the three soft pine species found only 25 shared alleles among a total of 122 alleles at eight loci. Primer pairs for dinucleotide SSR loci that were polymorphic in Pinus radiata also specifically amplified loci from various other hard pines but not from the soft pines or from the other conifers tested.
Optimum channel and source integrated (CSI) coding (2002)

A novel analog channel and source integrated (CSI) coding formulation is offered that inherently arises from a systematic generalization of a recently offered minimum mean squared error (MMSE) linear state space (LSS) predictive transform (PT) source coding formulation. The CSI coding formulation leads to both suboptimum and optimum coders. The suboptimum coder has a decoder that is relatively simple to design and implement but has a stability that is a function of the assumes signal source statistics. On the other hand, the optimum coder has a decoder that is more complex to design and implement but has the advantage of being stable regardless of the assumed signal source statistics and is, in addition, strictly optimum for the ease where the true describing equations for the channel and signal source are of the additive white noise and white LSS types, respectively.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Social Knowledge Graph Explorer (2019)

We present SKG Explorer, an application for querying and browsing a social knowledge graph derived from Twitter that contains relationships between entities, links, and topics. A temporal dimension is also added for generating timelines for well-known events that allows the construction of stories in a wiki-like style. In this paper we describe the main components of the system and showcase some examples.
Identification of recurrent fusion genes across multiple cancer types (2019)

Chromosome changes are one of the hallmarks of human malignancies. Chromosomal rearrangement is frequent in human cancers. One of the consequences of chromosomal rearrangement is gene fusions in the cancer genome. We have previously identified a panel of fusion genes in aggressive prostate cancers. In this study, we showed that 6 of these fusion genes are present in 7 different types of human malignancies with variable frequencies. Among them, the CCNH-C5orf30 and TRMT11-GRIK2 gene fusions were found in breast cancer, colon cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, esophageal adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma multiforme, ovarian cancer and liver cancer, with frequencies ranging from 12.9% to 85%. In contrast, four other gene fusions (mTOR-TP53BP1, TMEM135-CCDC67, KDM4-AC011523.2 and LRRC59-FLJ60017) are less frequent. Both TRMT11-GRIK2 and CCNH-C5orf30 are also frequently present in lymph node metastatic cancer samples from the breast, colon and ovary. Thus, detecting these fusion transcripts may have significant biological and clinical implications in cancer patient management.