gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Differential levels of L-homocysteic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine (16:0) in sera of patients with ovarian cancer (2014)

Ovarian cancer (OVC) is one of the most difficult types of cancer to detect in the early stages of its development. There have been numerous attempts to identify a biomarker for OVC; however, an accurate diagnostic marker has yet to be identified. The present study profiled OVC candidate metabolites from the serum to identify potential diagnostic markers for OVC. Data regarding low-mass ions (LMIs) in the serum were obtained using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-time-of-flight analysis. MALDI-mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of each serum sample was repeated six times in order to reduce the likelihood of experimental errors. The intensity of the LMI mass peaks were normalized using total peak area sums. The normalized intensity of LMI was used in principal component analysis-discriminant analysis to differentiate between 142 patients with OVC and 100 healthy control participants. Liquid chromatography-MS/MS was used to identify the selected LMIs. Extracted ion chromatogram analysis was used to measure the relative quantity of candidate metabolites from the LMI mass peak areas. The concentration of common metabolites in the serum was determined using ELISA. The top 20 LMI mass peaks with a weigh factor over 0.05 were selected to distinguish between the patients with OVC and the controls. Among the LMIs, two with 184.05 and 496.30 m/z were identified as L-homocysteic acid (HCA) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (16:0), respectively. The relative quantity of LPC (16:0) was found to be decreased in the OVC serum (P=0.05), while the quantity of HCA was observed to be significantly higher in the OVC serum (P<0.001). HCA was not detected in 59 cases out of the 63 control participants; however, the majority of the cases of OVC (16/25) exhibited significantly higher quantities of HCA. When the cutoff was 10 nmol/ml, the sensitivity and specificity of HCA were 64.0 and 96.9%, respectively. The level of LPC (16:0) was significantly correlated with tumor grade (P=0.045). HCA and LPC (16:0) showed correlation with stage and tumor histology, but the limited sample size resulted in a lack of statistical significance. The findings of the present study suggest that HCA may have potential to be a biomarker for OVC. The stratified screening including LPC (16:0) did not significantly increase the power for OVC screening; however, the present study showed that profiling LMIs in serum may be useful for identifying candidate metabolites for OVC screening.
Identification and Characterization of a Gene Cluster for Synthesis of the Polyketide Antibiotic 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol from<i>Pseudomonas fluorescens</i>Q2-87 (1999)

ABSTRACT The polyketide metabolite 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) is produced by many strains of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. with biocontrol activity against soilborne fungal plant pathogens. Genes required for 2,4-DAPG synthesis by P. fluorescens Q2-87 are encoded by a 6.5-kb fragment of genomic DNA that can transfer production of 2,4-DAPG to 2,4-DAPG-nonproducing recipient Pseudomonas strains. In this study the nucleotide sequence was determined for the 6.5-kb fragment and flanking regions of genomic DNA from strain Q2-87. Six open reading frames were identified, four of which ( phlACBD ) comprise an operon that includes a set of three genes ( phlACB ) conserved between eubacteria and archaebacteria and a gene ( phlD ) encoding a polyketide synthase with homology to chalcone and stilbene synthases from plants. The biosynthetic operon is flanked on either side by phlE and phlF , which code respectively for putative efflux and regulatory (repressor) proteins. Expression in Escherichia coli of phlA , phlC , phlB , and phlD , individually or in combination, identified a novel polyketide biosynthetic pathway in which PhlD is responsible for the production of monoacetylphloroglucinol (MAPG). PhlA, PhlC, and PhlB are necessary to convert MAPG to 2,4-DAPG, and they also may function in the synthesis of MAPG.
Irumamycin, an antifungal 20-membered macrolide produced by a Streptomyces. Taxonomy, fermentation and biological properties. (1984)

Irumamycin is a new 20-membered macrolide antibiotic isolated from a culture broth of a soil isolate which was named Streptomyces subflavus subsp. irumaensis AM-3603. It is active in vitro against some phytopathogenic fungi, but inactive against most aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and mycoplasmas. The potent in vitro activity and the results of preliminary pot tests indicated that the antibiotic is practicable as an agricultural antifungal agent.
Fine Structure in Isotopic Peak Distributions Measured Using a Dynamically Harmonized Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Cell at 7 T (2012)

The fine structure of isotopic peak clusters in mass spectra of reserpine and substance P are measured using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry at a 7 T magnetic field. The resolved peaks in the fine structure consist of (13)C, (15)N, (17)O, (18)O, (2)H, (33)S, (34)S, and combinations of them. A recently introduced high-resolution ion cyclotron resonance cell (Nikolaev, E. N.; Boldin, I. A.; Jertz, R.; Baykut, G. J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2011, 22, 1125-1133) is used in these experiments. The positions of the experimentally obtained fine structure peaks on the mass scale agree with the isotopic distribution simulations with ≤200 ppb error. Some deviation from the theoretical isotopic distribution is observed, less abundant peaks in the fine structure patterns are a little suppressed compared to the larger ones. We present a method for atomic composition determination using accurate mass data and fine isotopic structure of the mass spectrum. Our method combines the traditional atomic composition determination from accurate mass data by enumeration of all possible formulas within constraints defined a priori with the estimation of element coefficients from resolved isotopic structures. These estimated values allow one to narrow the search space for the composition and therefore to reduce the number of candidate formulas.
Advances in locally constrained <i>k</i>‐space‐based parallel MRI (2005)

In this article, several theoretical and methodological developments regarding k-space-based, locally constrained parallel MRI (pMRI) reconstruction are presented. A connection between Parallel MRI with Adaptive Radius in k-Space (PARS) and GRAPPA methods is demonstrated. The analysis provides a basis for unified treatment of both methods. Additionally, a weighted PARS reconstruction is proposed, which may absorb different weighting strategies for improved image reconstruction. Next, a fast and efficient method for pMRI reconstruction of data sampled on non-Cartesian trajectories is described. In the new technique, the computational burden associated with the numerous matrix inversions in the original PARS method is drastically reduced by limiting direct calculation of reconstruction coefficients to only a few reference points. The rest of the coefficients are found by interpolating between the reference sets, which is possible due to the similar configuration of points participating in reconstruction for highly symmetric trajectories, such as radial and spirals. As a result, the time requirements are drastically reduced, which makes it practical to use pMRI with non-Cartesian trajectories in many applications. The new technique was demonstrated with simulated and actual data sampled on radial trajectories.
New Dichroic Azo Dyes for Guest‐Host Liquid Crystal Compositions (1998)

Abstract Several new dichroic azo dyes containing 2,2′‐bis(trifluoromethyl)biphenyl skeleton have been synthesized for liquid‐crystal displays taking advantage of guest‐host effects. The order parameters of these dyes have been determined in nematic liquid crystalline hosts. Tetrakisazo‐dyes‐exhibit high order parameters in liquid crystal. Especially, these dyes show S=0.85 in host LC with high order molecular alignment.
Heavy metal ternary halides for room-temperature x-ray and gamma-ray detection (2013)

We report our recent progress on wide bandgap ternary halide compounds CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> and CsPbCl<sub>3</sub> for room temperature x-ray and gamma-ray detectors. Their bandgaps are measured to be 2.24 eV and 2.86 eV, respectively. The measured mobility-lifetime products of CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> are 1.7×10<sup>-3, </sup>1.3×10<sup>-3</sup> cm2/V, for electron and hole carriers, respectively, comparable to those of CdTe. We measured the room temperature spectral response of CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> sample to Ag x-ray radiation. It has a well-resolved spectral response to the 22.4 keV K<sub>α</sub> radiation peak and detector efficiency comparable to that of CdZnTe detector at 295 K.
Development of a wheelchair-mounted folding standing frame (1990)

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is capable of providing standing function to certain mid-thoracic paraplegics following spinal injury. To be of use in the community such systems require the provision of a mechanical support attached to the user's wheelchair so that it is available for use at all times. The design specification was such that the frame should fit a wide range of wheelchairs, not increase the external dimensions of the wheelchair, be easily removed to enable transfers, provide a safe, stable support once erect and be quick and simple both to erect and to fold away. Although primarily designed for use as part of the FES standing system, the frame is also applicable for patients with a number of other chronic neurological or arthritic conditions. As such the specification has been extended so that the design is suitable for users with tremor or reduced upper limb function.
Vaccination against <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> Using Three Variants of the Lipoprotein GNA1870 (2003)

Sepsis and meningitis caused by serogroup B meningococcus are devastating diseases of infants and young adults, which cannot yet be prevented by vaccination. By genome mining, we discovered GNA1870, a new surface-exposed lipoprotein of Neisseria meningitidis that induces high levels of bactericidal antibodies. The antigen is expressed by all strains of N. meningitidis tested. Sequencing of the gene in 71 strains representative of the genetic and geographic diversity of the N. meningitidis population, showed that the protein can be divided into three variants. Conservation within each variant ranges between 91.6 to 100%, while between the variants the conservation can be as low as 62.8%. The level of expression varies between strains, which can be classified as high, intermediate, and low expressors. Antibodies against a recombinant form of the protein elicit complement-mediated killing of the strains that carry the same variant and induce passive protection in the infant rat model. Bactericidal titers are highest against those strains expressing high yields of the protein; however, even the very low expressors are efficiently killed. The novel antigen is a top candidate for the development of a new vaccine against meningococcus.
Molecular Spectrum of Autosomal Dominant Hypercholesterolemia in France (2010)

Autosomal Dominant Hypercholesterolemia (ADH), characterized by isolated elevation of plasmatic LDL cholesterol and premature cardiovascular complications, is associated with mutations in 3 major genes: LDLR (LDL receptor), APOB (apolipoprotein B) and PCSK9(proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9). Through the French ADH Research Network, we collected molecular data from 1358 French probands from eleven different regions in France.Mutations in the LDLR gene were identified in 1003 subjects representing 391 unique events with 46.0% missense, 14.6% frameshift, 13.6% splice, and 11.3% nonsense mutations, 9.7% major rearrangements, 3.8% small in frame deletions/insertions, and 1.0% UTR mutations. Interestingly,175 are novel mutational events and represent 45% of the unique events we identified, highlighting a specificity of the LDLR mutation spectrum in France. Furthermore, mutations in the APOB gene were identified in 89 probands and in the PCSK9 gene in 10 probands. Comparison of available clinical and biochemical data showed a gradient of severity for ADH-causing mutations:FH=PCSK9>FDB>«Others» genes. The respective contribution of each known gene to ADH inthis French cohort is: LDLR 73.9%, APOB 6.6%, PCSK9 0.7%. Finally, in 19.0% of the probands,no mutation was found, thus underscoring the existence of ADH mutations located in still unknown genes.
Evaluation of the Live-Attenuated Intranasal Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Vaccine RSV/6120/ΔNS2/1030s in RSV-Seronegative Young Children (2023)

NCT03387137.
COAL CLEANING BY GAS AGGLOMERATION (1998)

The agglomeration of ultrafine-size coal particles in an aqueous suspension by means of microscopic gas bubbles was demonstrated in numerous experiments with a scale model mixing system. Coal samples from both the Pittsburgh No. 8 Seam and the Upper Freeport Seam were used for these experiments. A small amount of i-octane was added to facilitate the process. Microscopic gas bubbles were generated by saturating the water used for suspending coal particles with gas under pressure and then reducing the pressure. Microagglomerates were produced which appeared to consist of gas bubbles encapsulated in coal particles. Since dilute particle suspensions were employed, it was possible to monitor the progress of agglomeration by observing changes in turbidity. By such means it became apparent that the rate of agglomeration depends on the concentration of microscopic gas bubbles and to a lesser extent on the concentration of i-octane. Similar results were obtained with both Pittsburgh No. 8 coal and Upper Freeport coal.
Four-chamber heart modeling and automatic segmentation for 3D cardiac CT volumes (2008)

Multi-chamber heart segmentation is a prerequisite for quantification of the cardiac function. In this paper, we propose an automatic heart chamber segmentation system. There are two closely related tasks to develop such a system: heart modeling and automatic model fitting to an unseen volume. The heart is a complicated non-rigid organ with four chambers and several major vessel trunks attached. A flexible and accurate model is necessary to capture the heart chamber shape at an appropriate level of details. In our four-chamber surface mesh model, the following two factors are considered and traded-off: 1) accuracy in anatomy and 2) easiness for both annotation and automatic detection. Important landmarks such as valves and cusp points on the interventricular septum are explicitly represented in our model. These landmarks can be detected reliably to guide the automatic model fitting process. We also propose two mechanisms, the rotation-axis based and parallel-slice based resampling methods, to establish mesh point correspondence, which is necessary to build a statistical shape model to enforce priori shape constraints in the model fitting procedure. Using this model, we develop an efficient and robust approach for automatic heart chamber segmentation in 3D computed tomography (CT) volumes. Our approach is based on recent advances in learning discriminative object models and we exploit a large database of annotated CT volumes. We formulate the segmentation as a two step learning problem: anatomical structure localization and boundary delineation. A novel algorithm, Marginal Space Learning (MSL), is introduced to solve the 9-dimensional similarity transformation search problem for localizing the heart chambers. After determining the pose of the heart chambers, we estimate the 3D shape through learning-based boundary delineation. Extensive experiments demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed approach, comparing favorably to the state-of-the-art. This is the first study reporting stable results on a large cardiac CT dataset with 323 volumes. In addition, we achieve a speed of less than eight seconds for automatic segmentation of all four chambers.
Recent advances in edge illumination x-ray phase-contrast tomography (2017)

Edge illumination (EI) is an x-ray phase-contrast imaging technique, exploiting sensitivity to x-ray refraction to visualize features, which are often not detected by conventional absorption-based radiography. The method does not require a high degree of spatial coherence and is achromatic and, therefore, can be implemented with both synchrotron radiation and commercial x-ray tubes. Using different retrieval algorithms, information about an object's attenuation, refraction, and scattering properties can be obtained. In recent years, a theoretical framework has been developed that enables EI computed tomography (CT) and, hence, three-dimensional imaging. This review provides a summary of these advances, covering the development of different image acquisition schemes, retrieval approaches, and applications. These developments constitute an integral part in the transformation of EI CT into a widely spread imaging tool for use in a range of fields.
Behavioral synthesis of area-efficient testable designs using interaction between hardware sharing and partial scan (1995)

We introduce BETS, a behavioral test synthesis system, for the synthesis of high-throughput, area-efficient testable designs. While hardware sharing is a powerful technique to achieve area efficiency, it may adversely affect the testability of the synthesized design by introducing new loops. Besides CDFG loops, hardware sharing introduces three other types of loops: assignment loops, sequential false loops, and register files cliques. We provide a comprehensive analysis and a formal grammar characterization of the sources of loops in the data path during behavioral synthesis. Partial scan is a cost-effective technique for sequential circuit testing. Hardware sharing of scan registers can be used to minimize the number of scan registers required to synthesize data paths with minimal number of loops. The scan registers can be shared amongst several variables of the CDFG, to break not only the loops in the CDFG, but also the very loops introduced in the data path by hardware sharing. A new random walk based algorithm is proposed to break all CDFG loops using a minimal number of scan registers. The subsequent scheduling and assignment phase avoids formation of loops in the data path by reusing the scan registers, while ensuring high resource utilization. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the new technique to synthesize easily testable data paths, with nominal hardware overhead, while maintaining the performance of the designs. The partial scan overhead incurred by the technique is significantly less than that of a gate-level partial scan approach.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
ChemInform Abstract: NEW ROUTE TO 17α‐BROMO‐ AND 17α‐IODOETHYNYL STEROIDS (1985)

Abstract 17α‐Ethinylsteroide (I) lassen sich mit N‐Brom‐ bzw. N‐Iod‐succinimid in Gegenwart katalytischer Mengen Silbernitrat in die Brom‐ bzw. Iod‐ethinyl‐Derivate überführen.
Synthesis of the LMN‐Ring Fragment of the Caribbean Ciguatoxin C‐CTX‐1. (2007)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Salivary exRNA biomarkers to detect gingivitis and monitor disease regression (2018)

The clinical values of the developed salivary exRNA biomarkers are associated with gingivitis regression. They offer strong potential to be advanced for definitive validation and clinical laboratory development test.
Conceptual design of a mobile remote manipulator system (1984)

A mobile remote manipulator system has been identified as a necessary device for space station. A conceptual design for an MRMS is presented which features (1) tracks on the MRMS and guide pins only on the truss structure, (2) a push/pull drive mechanism which rotates to permit movement in four directions, and (3) spacecrane and mobile foot restraint manipulators (or arms). Operational and design features of the MRMS elements are described and illustrated. Concepts are also presented which permit rotating the operational plane of the MRMS through 90 deg. Such a system has been found to have great utility for initial space station construction, maintenance and repair, and to provide a construction capability for future station growth or large spacecraft assembly and/or servicing.
Undeniable certificates (1999)

The notion of undeniable certificates is introduced which can significantly improve the efficiency of (any) undeniable signatures scheme by reducing the amount of interaction and computation required for signature generation and confirmation.
Co-existence DCA: dynamic channel allocations allowing underlaying autonomous microcells (2002)

To facilitate the coexistence of embedded autonomous indoor microcellular environments, a new form of dynamic channel assignment (DCA) algorithms for outdoor macrocellular systems is proposed in this paper. The co-existence of two systems without excessive mutual interference is achieved through a novel mechanism, i.e., intelligent exclusion of predefined subsets of the universal channel set from the dynamic assignment in the outdoor cells. Such channel exclusion results in a guaranteed number of channels available to the autonomous indoor systems anywhere they are; while incurring minimal DCA performance degradation in the macrocells. The resulting DCA algorithms are termed the co-existence DCA (CE-DCA) algorithms. We formulate the problem of CE-DCA in a rigorous manner and discuss the parameters involved in achieving optimum combined capacity of macro and micro cellular systems. Using the local packing dynamic channel assignment (LPDCA) algorithm as the base line DCA in the macrocellular system, we present both statistic and deterministic CE-DCA schemes, and compare their performances under various scenarios.
Organic Materials For Optical Devices (1978)

Organic materials have been used for volume phase holographic recording media and for integrated optical devices. A summary of the chemical and physical properties of the organic materials which we have investigated is presented. We discuss the relationship of the optical properties of the materials to the device parameters and show how concurrent physical measurements including interferometry, EPR, and absorption and emission spectroscopy, have led to a consistent model for the mechanism of hologram formation, which involves the production of free radicals by hydrogen abstraction.
Phase-Contrast Tomographic Imaging Using an X-ray Interferometer (1998)

Apparatus for phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography using a monolithic X-ray interferometer is presented with some observational results for human breast tissues. Structures characteristic of the tissues were revealed in the phase-contrast tomograms. The procedure of image analysis consists of phase retrieval from X-ray interference patterns and tomographic image reconstruction from the retrieved phase shift. Next, feasibility of phase-contrast imaging using a two-crystal X-ray interferometer was studied aiming at in vivo observation in the future. In a preliminary study, the two-crystal X-ray interferometer was capable of generating fringes of 70% visibility using synchrotron X-rays.