gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Comparison between two approaches to solve the Job Shop Scheduling Problem with Routing (2019)

the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem with Routing (JSPR) is an extension of the Job-Shop Scheduling Problem with Transport where a criteria of Quality of Service (QoS) is defined to the routing sub-problem. The QoS is defined as a trade off between the Total Duration, the Total Riding Time and the Total Waiting time of jobs. A solution of the JPSR is not a left-shifted solution where all operations start the earliest possible, but a solution minimizing the makespan and maximizing the QoS. (Gondran et al., 2018) introduce a TLH evaluation to compute a high quality solution of the JSPR. This paper is a comparison between two approaches using the TLH evaluation, the first approach is an integrated approach permitting to find high quality solutions in terms of makespan but requiring high computational time. The second approach is a sequential approach in which the TLH evaluation is performed only on the best solution according to the makespan criteria, the TLH evaluation included in a sequential approach permits to obtain a solution maximizing the QoS with a low computational time.
Implementations of New Technologies for Oil and Gas Industry (2004)

ABSTRACT Deflecting Conductor Sleeve "DCS" is a slot recovery tool that proved a valuable system for the economical salvaging of the previously used slots of the offshore platforms in the late development stage. It is used when there is a need to drill infill wells while most of the platforms' slots are already used, and installing new platforms or making extension for the existing platforms are not justified. Dynamic Surge Device "DSD" is a sub, normally installed below the production packer on the bottom of the completion string acting as a blanking plug to set the packer, test tubing and automatically unload the well without any need to the risky wire line operations. Lifting Platform "L.P" is a hydraulically operated lift platform to provide additional storage area and to facilitate the movement of heavy equipment while working on the main platform (tower). Solvent Injector "SI" is developed to clean the gas lift mandrel and valves by injecting only the required volume of solvent around the valve, avoiding unnecessary dripping volumes of the solvent to affect other parts of completion. Jack-up Mover Assistance "JMA" is a special technique which uses a prefabricated floating concrete breakwater in front of the offshore platforms at the rigs' approach side, providing protections to the rig from waves during jacking up and down at rig approach and move, minimizing waiting on weather time and saving lots of money. The system is still under development.
Aerosol optical depth over land: Comparing AERONET, AVHRR and MODIS (2005)

Data from NOAA‐16 AVHRR have been used to retrieve the spatial distribution of aerosol optical depth for central Europe. At eight AERONET sites, monthly mean values based on daily AVHRR aerosol maps are calculated and compared to monthly mean values from TERRA‐MODIS, AQUA‐MODIS and AERONET. Additionally, seasonal mean maps for 2002 are presented. To estimate the performance of this algorithm, the winter and summer season maps are compared to TERRA‐MODIS seasonal maps created from the daily global aerosol product. In general, the AVHRR and MODIS aerosol maps show the same features: Lower values with increasing altitude, higher values in heavily industrialized areas and overall reasonable mean values. AVHRR maps are spatially more homogeneous than MODIS, which seem to contain an imprint of the surface cover type. The maps clearly demonstrate the potential of the retrieval method to produce a climatology based on AVHRR aerosol optical depth data over land.
Preparation Technology of Nanometer Ceramic Particles Reinforced Metal-Matrix Graded Coating by Laser Multi-Layer Cladding (2012)

In this study, a new preparation method for nanometer ceramic particles reinforced metal-matrix graded coating by laser multi-layer cladding technology was introduced. The preparation process including following steps: Firstly, a groups of mixture ratio of micro/nanometer covered composite powders are fabricated using a different content of nanometer ceramic particles and micrometer metal-matrix powders by mechanical ball milling; Secondly, the composite powders are suppressed to laser cladding layer by squash presetting; Last, the layers with an increased content of nanometer ceramic particles are laser clad in turn, then a metal-matrix graded coating strengthened by nanometer ceramic particles is prepared. Furthermore, an experiment for fabricating nano-Al2O3 particles reinforced MCrAlY graded coating by laser multi-layer cladding process was carried out. The results show that the laser-clad graded coating has no obvious interface between the different layers with dense and continuous structure. In addition, the microstructure of the laser layer was refined and composed of fine equiaxed grains because of addition of nanometer ceramic particles.
Nano‐photocatalytic Materials: Possibilities and Challenges (2011)

Semiconductor photocatalysis has received much attention as a potential solution to the worldwide energy shortage and for counteracting environmental degradation. This article reviews state-of-the-art research activities in the field, focusing on the scientific and technological possibilities offered by photocatalytic materials. We begin with a survey of efforts to explore suitable materials and to optimize their energy band configurations for specific applications. We then examine the design and fabrication of advanced photocatalytic materials in the framework of nanotechnology. Many of the most recent advances in photocatalysis have been realized by selective control of the morphology of nanomaterials or by utilizing the collective properties of nano-assembly systems. Finally, we discuss the current theoretical understanding of key aspects of photocatalytic materials. This review also highlights crucial issues that should be addressed in future research activities.
Novel and emerging mutations of SARS-CoV-2: Biomedical implications (2021)

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 virus strains has geographical diversity associated with diverse severity, mortality rate, and response to treatment that were characterized using phylogenetic network analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Although, there is no explicit and integrative explanation for these variations, the genetic arrangement, and stability of SARS-CoV-2 are basic contributing factors to its virulence and pathogenesis. Hence, understanding these features can be used to predict the future transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection, drug development, and vaccine. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings on the mutations in the SARS-CoV-2, which provide valuable information on the genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2, especially for DNA-based diagnosis, antivirals, and vaccine development for COVID-19.
Drugs of Abuse, Driving and Traffic Safety (2010)

Roadside studies indicate that 1-15% of drivers drive under the influence of one or more drugs of abuse. After drug use, drivers are more often culpable for an accident than non-users. Information on drugs and traffic safety comes from roadside studies, epidemiological research, experimental studies on driving-related skills, and on-the-road driving tests. Road-side studies show that drivers most frequently test positive for the use of alcohol and/or cannabis. These two drugs affect driving ability in a dose-dependent matter and result in poor vehicle control, especially when used in combination. Drivers on cocaine, ecstasy and amphetamine show no impairment on basic driving skills, but often overestimate their driving skills. In combination with impaired decision making, this increases risk taking during driving. Only few studies looked at the effects on driving of other drugs of abuse, such as ketamine, inhalants and anabolic steroids, but suggest a negative effect on driving performance. In conclusion, most drugs of abuse negatively affect driving ability, especially when used in combination with alcohol or another drug. It is of concern that a substantial number of drug users are not aware that their driving is impaired.
Podiform Graphene-Sulfur Composite for Lithium Sulfur Battery (2016)

A podiform graphene and sulfur composite is prepared by a facile lyophilization method followed by low-temperature heat treatment for high-performance lithium sulfur battery. SEM, EDS, XRD and TG are used to characterize the morphology and structure of the material. Sulfur nanoparticles are physically trapped inside the podiform graphene like beans. Graphene serve as a conductive framework for electrode material. Meanwhile, the podiform structure not only constrain the dissolution of polysulfide, but also accommodate the volume expansion during the charge/discharge process. As a consequence, the as-designed graphene-sulfur electrode deliver an initial specific discharge capacity of 1538 mAh g -1 at 0.05C. It still can exhibit a capacity of 674 mAh g -1 at 2C after 100 cycles. Good performance of the graphene-sulfur composite can attribute to the unique podiform structure.
Piecewise Planar and Compact Floorplan Reconstruction from Images (2014)

This paper presents a system to reconstruct piecewise planar and compact floorplans from images, which are then converted to high quality texture-mapped models for free- viewpoint visualization. There are two main challenges in image-based floorplan reconstruction. The first is the lack of 3D information that can be extracted from images by Structure from Motion and Multi-View Stereo, as indoor scenes abound with non-diffuse and homogeneous surfaces plus clutter. The second challenge is the need of a sophisticated regularization technique that enforces piecewise planarity, to suppress clutter and yield high quality texture mapped models. Our technical contributions are twofold. First, we propose a novel structure classification technique to classify each pixel to three regions (floor, ceiling, and wall), which provide 3D cues even from a single image. Second, we cast floorplan reconstruction as a shortest path problem on a specially crafted graph, which enables us to enforce piecewise planarity. Besides producing compact piecewise planar models, this formulation allows us to directly control the number of vertices (i.e., density) of the output mesh. We evaluate our system on real indoor scenes, and show that our texture mapped mesh models provide compelling free-viewpoint visualization experiences, when compared against the state-of-the-art and ground truth.
Calibration-free wavelength-modulation spectroscopy based on a swiftly determined wavelength-modulation frequency response function of a DFB laser (2016)

A methodology for calibration-free wavelength modulation spectroscopy (CF-WMS) that is based upon an extensive empirical description of the wavelength-modulation frequency response (WMFR) of DFB laser is presented. An assessment of the WMFR of a DFB laser by the use of an etalon confirms that it consists of two parts: a 1st harmonic component with an amplitude that is linear with the sweep and a nonlinear 2nd harmonic component with a constant amplitude. Simulations show that, among the various factors that affect the line shape of a background-subtracted peak-normalized 2f signal, such as concentration, phase shifts between intensity modulation and frequency modulation, and WMFR, only the last factor has a decisive impact. Based on this and to avoid the impractical use of an etalon, a novel method to pre-determine the parameters of the WMFR by fitting to a background-subtracted peak-normalized 2f signal has been developed. The accuracy of the new scheme to determine the WMFR is demonstrated and compared with that of conventional methods in CF-WMS by detection of trace acetylene. The results show that the new method provides a four times smaller fitting error than the conventional methods and retrieves concentration more accurately.
Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed (2020)

Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed An ideal vaccine platform would support development from viral sequencing to clinical trials in less than 16 weeks, demonstrate elicitation of consist...
Feeling Fireworks (2017)

We present Feeling Fireworks, a tactile firework show. Feeling Fireworks is aimed at making fireworks more inclusive for blind and visually impaired users in a novel experience that is open to all. Tactile effects are created using directable water jets that spray onto the rear of a flexible screen, with different nozzles for different firework effects. Our approach is low-cost and scales well, and allows for dynamic tactile effects to be rendered with high spatial resolution. A user study demonstrates that the tactile effects are meaningful analogs to the visual fireworks that they represent. Beyond the specific application, the technology represents a novel and cost-effective approach for making large scalable tactile displays.
Correlating Alerts Using Prerequisites of Intrusions (2001)

Intrusion detection has been studied for about twenty years since the Anderson's report.However, intrusion detection techniques are still far from perfect.Current intrusion detection systems (IDSs) usually generate a large amount of false alerts and cannot fully detect novel attacks or variations of known attacks.In addition, all the existing IDSs focus on low-level attacks or anomalies; none of them can capture the logical steps or strategies behind these attacks.Consequently, the IDSs usually generate a large amount of alerts.In situations where there are intensive intrusive actions, not only will actual alerts be mixed with false alerts, but the amount of alerts will also become unmanageable.As a result, it is difficult for human users or intrusion response systems to understand the intrusions behind the alerts and take appropriate actions.This paper presents a novel approach to address these issues.The proposed technique is based on the observation that most intrusions are not isolated but related as different stages of attack sequences, with the early stages preparing for the later ones.In other words, there are often logical steps or strategies behind series of attacks.The proposed approach correlates alerts using prerequisites of intrusions.Intuitively, the prerequisite of an intrusion is the necessary condition for the intrusion to be successful.For example, the existence of a vulnerable service is the prerequisite of a remote buffer overflow attack against the service.The proposed approach identifies the prerequisite (e.g., existence of vulnerable services) and the consequence of each type of attacks, and correlates the corresponding alerts by matching the consequence of some previous alerts and the prerequisite of some later ones.The proposed approach has several advantages.First, it provides a high-level representation of the correlated alerts, and thus reveals the structure of series of attacks.Second, it can reduce the impact of false alerts by only keeping correlated alerts.Third, it can potentially be applied to predict attacks in progress, and allows the intrusion response systems to take appropriate actions to stop the ongoing attacks.Our preliminary experiments have demonstrated the potential of the proposed approach in reducing false alerts and uncovering high-level attack strategies.
Design and characterization of elevated CPW and thin film microstrip structures for millimeter-wave applications (2005)

A new family of low loss series/shunt matching stub structures, based on a CPW/thin film microstrip combination using an MMIC airbridge approach to realize an elevated transmission line, is presented. This airbridge approach to elevate the CPW centre conductor and thin-film microstrip line was developed to achieve low losses in the millimeter-wave frequency band with a wide impedance range. By elevating lines from the substrate, the dielectric loss can be reduced. We achieve high impedance with a lower attenuation level than conventional CPW and low impedance with an air-substrate thin-film microstrip. Experimental results are presented in support of the novel structures.
Closing the loop: Network and in-host monitoring tandem for comprehensive cloud security visibility (2016)

Cloud computing has not only become attractive for organizations and end-users but also for attackers that use cloud environments to exploit the offered economies of scale—a cloud environment consists of a large set of systems with an excellent network connectivity setup and similar configurations. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive approach towards monitoring cloud computing environments by building an awareness framework combining passive network monitoring principles with in-host monitoring. Passive network monitoring is able to detect suspicious activities from observations on the network layer but cannot provide any attribution to processes on cloud computing instances. In contrast, in-host auditing subsystem monitoring provides fine-grained information of events within a given instance but misses the higher-level perspective of events across the environment. We have devised a system using a big data approach combining analytics on both levels. The analytics complement each other to detect advanced cyber security attacks and provide contextual links to security analysts investigating these attacks. We demonstrate the utility and efficacy of the framework by means of a study of a sophisticated advanced persistent threat style internal spear-phishing attack on a large-scale productive cloud environment.
Does the iPad Night Shift mode reduce melatonin suppression? (2018)

The increased use of self-luminous displays, especially in the evening prior to bedtime, has been associated with melatonin suppression, delayed sleep and sleep curtailment. The present study set out to investigate whether the Night Shift application provided by Apple Inc. for use on its portable electronic devices is effective for reducing acute melatonin suppression, a well-established marker of circadian phase. Participants experienced four experimental conditions: a dim light control, a high circadian stimulus true positive intervention and two Night Shift interventions delivering low and high correlated colour temperature light from the devices. Melatonin suppression did not significantly differ between the two Night Shift interventions, which indicates that changing the spectral composition of self-luminous displays without changing their brightness settings may be insufficient for preventing impacts on melatonin suppression.
A New Old Yellow Enzyme of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1995)

In 1993, the first gene of Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cloned (Stott, K., Saito, K., Thiele, D. J., and Massey, V. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 6097-6106) and named OYE2 to distinguish it from the first OYE gene cloned from Saccharomyces carlsbergenesis (Saito, K., Thiele, D. J., Davio, M., Lockridge, O., and Massey, V. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 20720-20724). The analysis of an OYE2 deletion mutant suggested that S. cerevisiae had at least two OYE genes. In the present study, we cloned a new OYE species named OYE3 and analyzed the OYE3 protein expressed in Escherichia coli. OYE3 consists of 400 amino acid residues and its molecular mass calculated by electrospray mass spectrometry is 44,788 daltons, in good agreement with the value of 44,920 daltons predicted from the amino acid sequence derived from the DNA sequence. In the downstream region of the OYE3 gene, the cytochrome oxidase (COX10) gene exists with a 426-base pair intermediate sequence. Some of the physicochemical and kinetic properties of OYE2 and OYE3 have been determined. Although the two enzymes are clearly closely related, they show differences in ligand binding properties and in their catalytic activities with oxygen and cyclohexen-2-one as acceptors.
Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Which Antidepressant Drug Should We Choose (2005)

Fibromyalgia syndrome [FM] has core clinical features of widespread pain and widespread abnormal tenderness. The specific cause of the altered neurophysiology that underpins these clinical manifestations remains unclear. However, increased sensitisation of neural networks that relates to pain, as well as interacting mechanoreceptors, appear important targets for modulation by pharmacological agents. Further, many FM patients have emotional distress and some are depressed. Antidepressant agents have therapeutic benefits in FM. If depression is present antidepressant drugs will provide typical benefits to mood but not always to other key outcome measures, such as pain or tenderness. Selective serotonin receptor reuptake blockers are not as effective for overall FM improvement as drugs that block both serotonin and norepinephrine in a relatively balanced way. Thus tricyclic antidepressants will improve many important FM outcomes but are effective in only about 40 percent of individuals. Newer agents of this class, such as duloxetine and milnacipran, show improvement in key FM outcomes in about 60 percent of patients. Longer term studies will indicate the durability of these responses and the overall tolerance of the drugs. Any drug therapy will need to be integrated with appropriate education, exercise and attention to psychological modulatory factors to achieve best results. Keywords: depression, Moclobemide, SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS, NOREPINEPHRINE, Venlafaxine, mood
Fluorinated Phosphonates:  Synthesis and Biomedical Application (2006)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFluorinated Phosphonates: Synthesis and Biomedical ApplicationVadim D. Romanenko and Valery P. KukharView Author Information Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine, 1 Murmanska Street, Kyiv-94 02660, Ukraine Cite this: Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 9, 3868–3935Publication Date (Web):July 20, 2006Publication History Received20 January 2006Published online20 July 2006Published inissue 1 September 2006https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr051000qhttps://doi.org/10.1021/cr051000qresearch-articleACS PublicationsCopyright © 2006 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views6273Altmetric-Citations316LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose SUBJECTS:Anions,Chemical reactions,Organophosphorus compounds,Peptides and proteins,Reaction products Get e-Alerts