gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Speaker independent phonetic transcription of fluent speech for large vocabulary speech recognition (1989)

Speaker independent phonetic transcription of fluent speech is performed using an ergodic continuously variable duration hidden Markov model (CVDHMM) to represent the acoustic, phonetic and phonotactic structure of speech. An important property of the model is that each of its fifty-one states is uniquely identified with a single phonetic unit. Thus, for any spoken utterance, a phonetic transcription is obtained from a dynamic programming (DP) procedure for finding the state sequence of maximum likelihood. A model has been constructed based on 4020 sentences from the TIMIT database. When tested on 180 different sentences from this database, phonetic accuracy was observed to be 56% with 9% insertions. A speaker dependent version of the model was also constructed. The transcription algorithm was then combined with lexical access and parsing routines to form a complete recognition system. When tested on sentences from the DARPA resource management task spoken over the local switched telephone network, phonetic accuracy of 64% with 8% insertions and word accuracy of 87% with 3% insertions was measured. This system is presently operating in an on-line mode over the local switched telephone network in less than ten times real time on an Alliant FX-80.
Potent, Orally Bioavailable Diazabicyclic Small-Molecule Mimetics of Second Mitochondria-Derived Activator of Caspases (2008)

A series of small-molecule Smac mimetics containing a diazabicyclic core structure have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated. The most potent compound (6) binds to XIAP, cIAP-1, and cIAP-2 with K(i) values of 8.4, 1.5, and 4.2 nM, respectively, directly antagonizes XIAP in a cell-free functional assay and induces cIAP-1 degradation in cancer cells. It inhibits cell growth with an IC(50) value of 31 nM, effectively induces apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line, and has a good oral bioavailability.
Obstructive Apnea Hypopnea Index Estimation by Analysis of Nocturnal Snoring Signals in Adults (2012)

Acoustic analysis based on intra- and inter-snore properties can differentiate subjects according to AHI. An acoustic-based screening system may address the growing needs for reliable OSA screening tool. Further studies are needed to support these findings.
Magnetic adsorbents for actinide and heavy metal removal from waste water (1994)

Magnetic adsorbents can be applied to the treatment of waste water in various physical forms. For example, barium ferrite (BaO{center_dot}Fe{sub 2}O{sub 3}) has been used successfully as powder, granules or pellets. Iron ferrite, or magnetite, a naturally occurring ore, can also be used in much the same manner. However, natural magnetic needs activation to have the same capacity as freshly prepared ferrite. Furthermore, ferrites have been used solely in a batch mode because of their finely divided nature. To permit utilization of activated magnetite in a column mode with good water flow-through properties, magnetic resins were prepared. In this work, the authors discovered a synergistic effect in using the magnetic resin in a column mode in conjunction with an external magnetic field for concentration of plutonium and americium from waste water. Thus ferrities in a column made surrounded by a magnetic field greatly surpasses the metal removal capacity of ferrite used in a batch mode.
A Multimodal Dialogue System for Conversational Image Editing (2020)

In this paper, we present a multimodal dialogue system for Conversational Image Editing. We formulate our multimodal dialogue system as a Partially Observed Markov Decision Process (POMDP) and trained it with Deep Q-Network (DQN) and a user simulator. Our evaluation shows that the DQN policy outperforms a rule-based baseline policy, achieving 90\% success rate under high error rates. We also conducted a real user study and analyzed real user behavior.
Noise considerations of three-point water-fat separation imaging methods (2008)

Separation of water from fat tissues in magnetic resonance imaging is important for many applications because signals from fat tissues often interfere with diagnoses that are usually based on water signal characteristics. Water and fat can be separated with images acquired at different echo time shifts. The three-point method solves for the unknown off-resonance frequency together with the water and fat densities. Noise performance of the method, quantified by the effective number of signals averaged (NSA), is an important metric of the water and fat images. The authors use error propagation theory and Monte Carlo simulation to investigate two common reconstructive approaches: an analytic-solution based estimation and a least-squares estimation. Two water-fat chemical shift (CS) encoding strategies, the symmetric (-theta, 0, theta) and the shifted (0, theta, 2theta) schemes are studied and compared. Results show that NSAs of water and fat can be different and they are dependent on the ratio of intensities of the two species and each of the echo time shifts. The NSA is particularly poor for the symmetric (-theta, 0, theta) CS encoding when the water and fat signals are comparable. This anomaly with equal amounts of water and fat is analyzed in a more intuitive geometric illustration. Theoretical prediction of NSA matches well with simulation results at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), while deviation arises at low SNR, which suggests that Monte Carlo simulation may be more appropriate to accurately predict noise performance of the algorithm when SNR is low.
Self-Supervised 3D Keypoint Learning for Ego-motion Estimation (2019)

Detecting and matching robust viewpoint-invariant keypoints is critical for visual SLAM and Structure-from-Motion. State-of-the-art learning-based methods generate training samples via homography adaptation to create 2D synthetic views with known keypoint matches from a single image. This approach, however, does not generalize to non-planar 3D scenes with illumination variations commonly seen in real-world videos. In this work, we propose self-supervised learning of depth-aware keypoints directly from unlabeled videos. We jointly learn keypoint and depth estimation networks by combining appearance and geometric matching via a differentiable structure-from-motion module based on Procrustean residual pose correction. We describe how our self-supervised keypoints can be integrated into state-of-the-art visual odometry frameworks for robust and accurate ego-motion estimation of autonomous vehicles in real-world conditions.
LED Lights With Hidden Intensity-Modulated Blue Channels Aiming for Enhanced Subconscious Visual Responses (2017)

A new form of light-emitting diode (LED) light suitable for general illumination is proposed to enhance subconscious, nonimage-forming visual responses, which are essential to our well-being. Pulsing light has been shown to reduce photoreceptor adaptation and elicit stronger subconscious visual responses at an indoor illumination level. Using the silent substitution technique, a melanopsin-selective flicker can be added into white light. A linear optimization algorithm was developed to suppress any perceivable fluctuation of light intensity and colors of illuminated objects. Two examples of lights are given to illustrate the potential applications of the proposed multi-LED light for general illumination and therapeutic purposes.
Resonant Widely Tunable Opto-Electronic Oscillator (2013)

We experimentally demonstrate a widely tunable opto-electronic oscillator (TOEO) based on a tunable optical resonant filter and a wideband phase modulator. The oscillator can be tuned in the range of 2-15 GHz, limited by the bandwidth of the RF components utilized in the loop, with a tuning speed greater than 1 GHz/μs. The TOEO, with 220 m fiber link used as the high Q element, is characterized with phase noise less than -100 dBc measured at 10 kHz frequency offset. The agile tunable optical filter in the TOEO is a whispering gallery mode resonator made of lithium tantalate crystal. We develop a theoretical model for the TOEO and find a good agreement between the measurement results and the theoretical predictions.
Gene silencing of Sugar-dependent 1 (JcSDP1), encoding a patatin-domain triacylglycerol lipase, enhances seed oil accumulation in Jatropha curcas (2014)

Here, we showed that SDP1 deficiency enhances seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis. Based on this result, we generated SDP1-deficient transgenic Jatropha plants using by RNAi technology with a native JcSDP1 promoter to silence endogenous JcSDP1 expression. Seeds of Jatropha JcSDP1-RNAi plants accumulated up to 30% higher total lipid and had reduced FFA content compared with control (CK; 35S:GFP) plants. Our strategy of improving an important agronomic trait of Jatropha can be extended to other oil crops to yield higher seed oil.
Coal liquids distillation tower corrosion. Synergistic effects of chlorides, phenols, and basic nitrogen compounds (1983)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCoal liquids distillation tower corrosion. Synergistic effects of chlorides, phenols, and basic nitrogen compoundsAlberto A. Sagues, Burtron H. Davis, and Tony JohnsonCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1983, 22, 1, 15–22Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1983Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1983https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i200020a003https://doi.org/10.1021/i200020a003research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views61Altmetric-Citations13LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access options Get e-Alerts
Ultrabroadband Electronically Tunable Oscillators (1981)

This paper describes the results obtained on two types of very broadband tunable sources. - A bipolar-varactor oscillator has been designed showing a tunability from 3 to 9,4 GHz. This result was obtained with a slope compensating circuit placed between the emitter and the hyperabrupt tuning varactor. The output power was 10 mW in the bandwidth. - A decade bandwidth FET-YIG tuned oscillator was calculated using two YIG spheres : one coupled to the gate and the other to the source. An experimental oscillator was realized with a linear tunability from 2 GHz to 20 GHz, without jumps, and few milliwatts output power.
Glycoengineering of Human IgG1-Fc through Combined Yeast Expression and <i>in Vitro</i> Chemoenzymatic Glycosylation (2008)

The presence and precise structures of the glycans attached at the Fc domain of monoclonal antibodies play an important role in determining antibodies' effector functions such as antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement activation, and anti-inflammatory activity. This paper describes a novel approach for glycoengineering of human IgG1-Fc that combines high-yield expression of human IgG1-Fc in yeast and subsequent in vitro enzymatic glycosylation, using the endoglycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation as the key reaction. Human IgG1-Fc was first overproduced in Pichia pastoris. Then the heterogeneous yeast glycans were removed by Endo-H treatment to give the GlcNAc-containing IgG1-Fc as a homodimer. Finally, selected homogeneous glycans were attached to the GlcNAc-primer in the IgG1-Fc through an endoglycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation, using sugar oxazolines as the donor substrates. It was found that the enzymatic transglycosylation was efficient with native GlcNAc-containing IgG1-Fc homodimer without the need to denature the protein, and the reaction could proceed to completion to give homogeneous glycoforms of IgG1-Fc when an excess of oligosaccharide oxazolines was used as the donor substrates. The binding of the synthetic IgG1-Fc glycoforms to the FcgammaIIIa receptor was also investigated. This novel glycoengineering approach should be useful for providing various homogeneous, natural or synthetic glycoforms of IgG1-Fc for structure-function relationship studies, and for future clinical applications.
Oxy-combustion of liquid fuel in an ion transport membrane reactor (2017)

The present work aims at investigating oxy-fuel combustion of liquid fuels in a concentric parallel tube oxygen transport reactor (OTR) using BSCF ion transport membrane (ITM) for oxygen separation. A computational model was developed and validated utilizing the available experimental results. It is assumed that the same model will be sufficient to capture reasonable results with liquid fuel oxy-combustion. The use of ITMs to produce oxygen for the conversion of liquid fuels into thermal energy in an oxygen transport reactor (OTR) while capturing CO2 is presented. In this case, the OTR has two functions: O2 separation and reaction of evaporated liquid fuel with oxygen. A parametric study of the influence of parameters such as oxygen pressure in the feed and the permeate sides on the performance of the OTR is conducted. The effect of the rates of the feed flow and sweep flow on the permeation of oxygen permeation has been evaluated. Subsequently, the effects of flow rates of feed and sweep on temperature and reaction characteristics are also explored. The optimal flow rates and flammability limits for the present geometry model to obtain maximum output are suggested. The feasibility of using liquid fuels as potential fuel to be used in near future oxygen transport reactors is presented.
Expression of gax, a Growth Arrest Homeobox Gene, Is Rapidly Down-regulated in the Rat Carotid Artery during the Proliferative Response to Balloon Injury (1995)

gax is a recently described homeobox gene whose expression in the adult is largely confined to cardiovascular tissues, gax has been shown to be rapidly down-regulated in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) upon stimulation by serum or platelet-derived growth factor. The temporal profile of gax expression in vitro matches that of two families of growth arrest genes: the gas genes and the gadd genes. All of these genes are expressed at their highest levels in quiescent cells and are down-regulated following mitogen activation. Here we report that gax is also down-regulated in vivo in the vascular wall in response to endothelial denudation by balloon angioplasty. The reduction in steady state levels of gax mRNA is transient and occurs with a similar time course to that seen in vitro. The down-regulation of gax in response to balloon injury mirrors the up-regulation seen in a number of early response genes such as c-myc and c-fos. This report is the first to document the in vivo expression of a growth arrest gene which regulates proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. In addition, in contrast with previous reports which have demonstrated up-regulation of several genes following balloon injury and/or angioplasty, the present report demonstrates the down-regulation of a regulatory gene within hours of balloon injury. The characteristics of gax suggest it may be required to maintain the gene expression of proteins in VSMC that are associated with the nonproliferative or contractile phenotype in smooth muscle cells.
An automated configurable Trojan insertion framework for dynamic trust benchmarks (2018)

Malicious hardware modification, also known as hardware Trojan attack, has emerged as a serious security concern for electronic systems. Such attacks compromise the basic premise of hardware root of trust. Over the past decade, significant research efforts have been directed to carefully analyze the trust issues arising from hardware Trojans and to protect against them. This vast body of work often needs to rely on well-defined set of trust benchmarks that can reliably evaluate the effectiveness of the protection methods. In recent past, efforts have been made to develop a benchmark suite to analyze the effectiveness of pre-silicon Trojan detection and prevention methodologies. However, there are only a limited number of Trojan inserted benchmarks available. Moreover, there is an inherent bias as the researcher is aware of Trojan properties such as location and trigger condition since the current benchmarks are static. In order to create an unbiased and robust benchmark suite to evaluate the effectiveness of any protection technique, we have developed a comprehensive framework of automatic hardware Trojan insertion. Given a netlist, the framework will automatically generate a design with single or multiple Trojan instances based user-specified Trojan properties. It allows a wide variety of configurations, such as the type of Trojan, Trojan activation probability, number of triggers, and choice of payload. The tool ensures that the inserted Trojan is a valid one and allow for provisions to optimize the Trojan footprint (area and switching). Experiments demonstrate that a state-of-the-art Trojan detection technique provides poor efficacy when using benchmarks generated by our tool. This tool is available for download from http://www.trust-hub.org/.
Enhancement of imaging depth in turbid media using a wide area detector (2011)

The depth of two-photon fluorescence imaging in turbid media can be significantly enhanced by the use of the here described fluorescence detection method that allows to efficiently collect scattered fluorescence photons from a wide area of the turbid sample. By using this detector we were able to perform imaging of turbid samples, simulating brain tissue, at depths up to 3 mm, where the two-photon induced fluorescence signal is too weak to be detected by means used in conventional two-photon microscopy.
Green Ultra-High-Performance Glass Concrete (2016)

This paper presents research work on the development of a green type of ultra-high-performance concrete at the University of Sherbrooke using ground glass powders with different degrees of fineness (UHPGC). In UHPGC, glass is used to replace quartz sand, cement, quartz powder, and silica-fume particles. UHPGC design is based on particle packing density, mechanical properties, and specific rheology. Mixes are designed to suit the rheology and mechanical performances of different concrete applications. Depending on composition and curing conditions, UHPGC can provide improved rheology (mini-slump spread of 260 mm), higher mechanical properties (compressive strength greater than 200 MPa, flexural strength more than 25 MPa). A case study of using this UHPGC is presented through the design and construction of a footbridge.
Private Searching On Streaming Data. (2005)

In this paper, we consider the problem of private searching on streaming data, where we can efficiently implement searching for documents that satisfy a secret criteria (such as presence or absence of a hidden combination of hidden keywords) under various cryptographic assumptions. Our results can be viewed in a variety of ways: as a generalization of the notion of Private Information Retrieval (to more general queries and to a streaming environment); as positive results on privacy-preserving datamining; and as a delegation of hidden program computation to other machines.
Cephalosporins. II. 7-(o-Aminomethylphenylacetamido)cephalosporanic acids with six-membered heterocycles in the C-3 side chain. (1977)

7-(o-Aminomethylphenylacetamido)cephalosporanic acids with six-membered heterocycles in the C-3 side chain were prepared by nucleophillic substitution of 7-ACA at the C-3 acetoxy group followed by N-acylation of the 7-amino group. The 7-side chain acid, o-aminomethylphenylacetic acid (5), was prepared by two new convenient routes, which involved Schmidt reaction of indanone (2) followed by cleavage of the lactam ring or reduction of o-cyanophenylacetic acid (10) starting from o-nitrotoluene. The antibacterial activity of the cephalosporins in this series depends on the heterocycle in the C-3 side chain. In general pyridazines gave cephalosporin derivatives possessing better activity than those with a pyridine or pyrimidine ring. The most active member of the new cephalosporins was 7-(o-aminomethylphenylacetamido)-3-(6-hydroxypyridazin-3-ylthilmethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (BB-S 150) (1g) which has in vitro antibacterial activity superior to cephalothin and cefazolin against both gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. The in vitro activity of BB-S 150 determined in mice was superior to cephalothin and comparable to cefazolin.
Demonstration of a Wingless Electromagnetic Air Vehicle (2011)

Abstract : The goal of this project is the proof-of-concept demonstration of an electromagnetically driven wingless aircraft with no moving component that will be able to selflift, hover and fly reliably especially under gust and impact conditions.
STT-MRAM - Status and Outlook (2022)

We review the use-case and requirements for Spin-Transfer-Torque MRAM (STT-MRAM) to replace SRAM in last-level-cache. We then describe recent work on double magnetic tunnel junctions and double spin-torque magnetic tunnel junctions to reduce the MRAM switching current. The latter devices open up the possibility of reducing the switching current by a factor of two while maintaining high magnetoresistance, which could enable the use of STT-MRAM in last-level-cache.
Enhanced Performance of Ti/Mn Redox Flow Battery (2017)

In this work, we investigate the effect of thickness and pre-treatment of Nafion membranes on the performance of the Ti/Mn redox flow battery. Nafion membranes of various thicknesses (N-115, NR-212 and NR-211) were evaluated. The charge-discharge test showed that the voltage efficiency increased with a thinner membrane, while the coulombic efficiency was not so much dependent on the thickness of membrane. A high energy efficiency of 83.9% at 100 mAcm-2 was obtained with NR-211 (25 μm). With the pre-treatment of NR-211 by soaking in deionized water at 75 ºC for 18 hours, the energy efficiency further increased only at a higher current density of 200 mAcm-2 due to the increased ion permeation rates. The highest energy efficiency 84.3% at 200 mAcm-2 was achieved combined with a highly reactive electrode. The relatively low permeability of Ti3+ and Mn3+ contributed to the improved performance with thin and pre-treated Nafion membranes.