gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Development of Oriental-Western Fusion Patient Monitor by Using the Clip-type Pulsimeter Equipped with a Hall Sensor, the Electrocardiograph, and the Photoplethysmograph (2013)

The clip-type pulsimeter equipped with a Hall sensor has a permanent magnet attached in the Chwan position to the center of a radial artery. The clip-type pulsimeter is composed of a hardware system measuring voltage signals. These electrical bio-signals display pulse rate, non-invasive blood pressure, respiratory rate, pulse wave velocity (PWV), and spatial pulse wave velocity (SPWV) simultaneously measured by using the radial artery pulsimeter, the electrocardiograph (ECG), and the photoplethysmograph (PPG). The findings of this research may be useful for developing a oriental-western biomedical signal storage device, that is, the new and fusion patient monitor, for a U-health-care system.
Autoactivation of Avian Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator (uPA) (1998)

In contrast to mammalian urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), which is produced and maintained in zymogen form, avian uPA is found in the active two-chain form in cultures of normal and transformed chicken cells in the absence of plasmin, the putative natural activator of pro-uPA. Recombinant chicken uPA (ch-uPAwt) synthesized in two distinct expression systems also presents in the active two-chain form. In addition, conversion to the active uPA in both natural and recombinant expression systems could be prevented by uPA-specific inhibitors including a monoclonal antibody that uniquely inhibits the catalytic activity of ch-uPA. Most significantly, an active site mutant of avian uPA (ch-uPAS353A) that lacks catalytic activity is produced and maintained in single-chain form. Furthermore, the single-chain ch-uPAS353A mutant can be converted to the two-chain form by purified active ch-uPAwt. These results strongly indicate an autocatalytic mechanism of activation of ch-uPA. Autoactivation appears to be an intrinsic property of ch-uPA and may be the initiating molecular event in uPA-mediated proteolytic cascades.
An Adaptive Mixture Gaussian Background Model with Online Background Reconstruction and Adjustable Foreground Mergence Time for Motion Segmentation (2006)

Motion segmentation is a very critical task in video surveillance system. In the paper two novel components, background reconstruction and foreground mergence time control, have been incorporated into the adaptive mixture Gaussian background model. The background reconstruction algorithm constructs a static background image from a video sequence that contains moving objects in the scene; then the static background image is used to initialize the background model. The foreground mergence time control mechanism is introduced to make the foreground mergence time adjustable and independent of the model's learning rate. Rationales are discussed in detail and experimental results are shown.
Genetic Determinants of Circulating Sphingolipid Concentrations in European Populations (2009)

Sphingolipids have essential roles as structural components of cell membranes and in cell signalling, and disruption of their metabolism causes several diseases, with diverse neurological, psychiatric, and metabolic consequences. Increasingly, variants within a few of the genes that encode enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism are being associated with complex disease phenotypes. Direct experimental evidence supports a role of specific sphingolipid species in several common complex chronic disease processes including atherosclerotic plaque formation, myocardial infarction (MI), cardiomyopathy, pancreatic beta-cell failure, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, sphingolipids represent novel and important intermediate phenotypes for genetic analysis, yet little is known about the major genetic variants that influence their circulating levels in the general population. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) between 318,237 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and levels of circulating sphingomyelin (SM), dihydrosphingomyelin (Dih-SM), ceramide (Cer), and glucosylceramide (GluCer) single lipid species (33 traits); and 43 matched metabolite ratios measured in 4,400 subjects from five diverse European populations. Associated variants (32) in five genomic regions were identified with genome-wide significant corrected p-values ranging down to 9.08x10(-66). The strongest associations were observed in or near 7 genes functionally involved in ceramide biosynthesis and trafficking: SPTLC3, LASS4, SGPP1, ATP10D, and FADS1-3. Variants in 3 loci (ATP10D, FADS3, and SPTLC3) associate with MI in a series of three German MI studies. An additional 70 variants across 23 candidate genes involved in sphingolipid-metabolizing pathways also demonstrate association (p = 10(-4) or less). Circulating concentrations of several key components in sphingolipid metabolism are thus under strong genetic control, and variants in these loci can be tested for a role in the development of common cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological, and psychiatric diseases.
Radiation‐induced crosslinking and grafting of two polyphosphazene elastomers (1993)

Abstract The radiation‐induced crosslinking and grafting of two aryloxy‐substituted elastomeric polyphosphazenes have been carried out by both gamma and electron beam irradiation. The classic Charlesby–Pinner [1] plus a simpler approach were used to determine the G(X) values for the crosslinked elastomeric polymers. The apparent G(X) value for the same polymer depended on whether the gamma‐ray or the E‐beam results were used. The presence of 8.5% repeat units with allylic groups in the side chain increased the G(X) value by an order of magnitude when the irradiation was performed under vacuum with the gamma source. The extent of acrylic acid grafting was also higher for the polymer containing the allylic group. Nearly all the grafted polyphosphazene films were insoluble in THF, a good solvent for the ungrafted samples.
Rationally designed, potent competitive inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesis (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRationally designed, potent competitive inhibitors of leukotriene biosynthesisE. J. Corey, John R. Cashman, Steven S. Kantner, and Stephen W. WrightCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 5, 1503–1504Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 March 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00317a064https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00317a064research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views277Altmetric-Citations69LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Stat5a/b are essential for normal lymphoid development and differentiation (2006)

Cytokines that use the common gamma chain gammac are critical for lymphoid development and function. Mutations of the IL-7 receptor, gammac, or its associated kinase, Jak3, are the major cause of human severe combined immunodeficiency. Although activated by IL-7, Stat5a/b (Stat, signal transducer and activator of transcription) have been thought to play limited roles in lymphoid development. However, we now show that mice completely deficient in Stat5a/b have severely impaired lymphoid development and differentiation. Absence of Stat5 also abrogates T cell receptor gamma rearrangement and survival of peripheral CD8(+) T cells. Thus, deficiency of Stat5 results in severe combined immunodeficiency, similar in many respects to deficiency of IL-7R, gammac, and Jak3.
Highly Selective NO2 Gas Sensors made of MWCNTs and WO3 Hybrid Layers (2006)

peer reviewed
Tuning the dynamic behavior of parametric resonance in a micromechanical oscillator (2003)

We describe how to significantly change the dynamic behavior of parametric resonance in a micromechanical oscillator. By varying the voltage amplitude of applied electrical signal, the frequency response of the first order parametric resonance changes dramatically. We attribute this variation to the tuning of effective cubic stiffness of the oscillator, which is a contribution of both structural and electrical cubic stiffness. This phenomenon is well explained by the first-order perturbation analysis of nonlinear Mathieu equation.
An assessment of the factors contributing to the killing of type 3 <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes <i>in vitro</i> (1990)

To characterize the factors that contribute to the killing of type 3 S. pneumoniae, human neutrophils were obtained from healthy donors and incubated with viable organisms. In contrast to prior observations with other pneumococcal serotypes, killing was not detected when 10(6) colony forming units (cfu) were incubated at 37 degrees C for 2-4 hours with 10(6) neutrophils in the presence of 20-80% fresh autologous serum; further, pneumococcidal activity was not found when preopsonized bacteria and primed neutrophils were employed in the standard assay. However, when the bacterium to cell ratio was reduced to 1:100 and 1:1000, microbicidal action was detected; a 10-fold reduction in the number of viable bacteria was observed when 2 x 10(3) cfu were incubated with 2 x 10(6) neutrophils and 80% autologous serum at 37 degrees C for 4 hours. To assess the effects of serum factors on killing, bactericidal assays were performed in the presence of normal human serum (NHS), heat-inactivated human serum (HIHS) and absorbed human serum (AHS); heating reduced and absorption eliminated the capacity of serum to support killing. Studies performed with mutanolysin, an enzyme that lyses type 3 pneumococci, demonstrated that the effects of HIHS and AHS on bactericidal activity were highly correlated with alterations in the ability of the sera to support phagocytosis. Studies of neutrophil activation revealed changes in the production of superoxide anion that correlated well with phagocytosis and killing; however, the results of assays of leukotriene B4 generation and degranulation (beta-glucuronidase and lactoferrin release) were more variable. In mixing experiments, the capacity of HIHS to support killing was normalized with NHS; however, the ability of AHS to promote killing was not restored with HIHS or NHS. Thus, these studies demonstrate the relatively limited capacity of human serum to support the killing of type 3 pneumococci, and they emphasize the importance of killing assays in assessing interactions between the bacterium and neutrophils.
Signature of type-II Weyl semimetal phase in MoTe2 (2017)

Topological Weyl semimetal (TWS), a new state of quantum matter, has sparked enormous research interest recently. Possessing unique Weyl fermions in the bulk and Fermi arcs on the surface, TWSs offer a rare platform for realizing many exotic physical phenomena. TWSs can be classified into type-I that respect Lorentz symmetry and type-II that do not. Here, we directly visualize the electronic structure of MoTe<sub>2</sub>, a recently proposed type-II TWS. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), we unravel the unique surface Fermi arcs, in good agreement with our ab initio calculations that have nontrivial topological nature. Our work not only leads to new understandings of the unusual properties discovered in this family of compounds, but also allows for the further exploration of exotic properties and practical applications of type-II TWSs, as well as the interplay between superconductivity (MoTe<sub>2</sub> was discovered to be superconducting recently) and their topological order.
Insertion of mercury into iron–halogen bonds. X-Ray structure of [(p-MeC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NC)<sub>5</sub>Fe → HgI<sub>2</sub>] (1991)

The complexes [Fel2(CNR)4](R = Ph, p-MeC6H4 or But) react with Hg in the presence of CNR to give [(RNC)5Fe → HgI2], and exchange reactions with AgX (X = Br or Cl) lead to the corresponding halogeno-complexes [(RNC)5Fe → HgX2]. Treatment with 1 mol of AgClO4 affords the cationic complexes [(RNC)5Fe–HgX]ClO4 which are unstable towards mercury extrusion. The relative stability of the complexes is discussed in terms of the influence of the ligands co-ordinated to Hg and the steric and electronic characteristics of the RNC ligands. The structure of [(p-MeC6H4NC)5Fe → HgI2] has been determined: monoclinic, space group P21/a, a= 16.680(3), b= 18.031(4), c= 15.256(2)Å, β= 116.92(2)° and Z= 4.
Wireless infrared communication links using multi-beam transmitters and imaging receivers (2002)

We discuss two modifications to the design of wireless infrared links that can yield dramatic performance improvements. In nondirected, non-line-of-sight (non-LOS) links, replacement of the diffuse transmitter by one that projects multiple narrow beams can reduce the path loss, typically increasing the link SNR by about 20 dB. In both non-directed, LOS and non-directed, non-LOS links, replacement of the non-imaging receiver by one employing an imaging light concentrator and a segmented photodetector can reduce the received ambient light noise and multipath distortion. This can yield SNR improvements of tens of decibels.
Quantifying the allocation of soil organic carbon to biologically significant fractions (2013)

Soil organic carbon (OC) exists as a diverse mixture of organic materials with different susceptibilities to biological decomposition. Computer simulation models constructed to predict the dynamics of soil OC have dealt with this diversity using a series of conceptual pools differentiated from one another by the magnitude of their respective decomposition rate constants. Research has now shown that the conceptual pools can be replaced by measureable fractions of soil OC separated on the basis of physical and chemical properties. In this study, an automated protocol for allocating soil OC to coarse (&gt;50 µm) and fine (=50 µm) fractions was assessed. Automating the size fractionation process was shown to reduce operator dependence and variability between replicate analyses. Solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to quantify the content of biologically resistant poly-aryl carbon in the coarse and fine size fractions. Cross-polarisation analyses were completed for coarse and fine fractions of 312 soils, and direct polarisation analyses were completed for 38 representative fractions. Direct polarisation analyses indicated that the resistant poly-aryl carbon was under-represented in the cross-polarisation analyses, on average, by a factor of ~2. Combining this under-representation with a spectral analysis process allowed the proportion of coarse- and fine-fraction OC existing as resistant poly-aryl C to be defined. The content of resistant OC was calculated as the sum of that found in the coarse and fine fractions. Contents of particulate and humus OC were calculated after subtracting the resistant OC from the coarse and fine fractions, respectively. Across the 312 soils analysed, substantial variations in the contents of humus, particulate, and resistant carbon were noted, with respective average values of 9.4, 4.0, and 4.5 g fraction C/kg soil obtained. When expressed as a proportion of the OC present in each soil, the humus, particulate, and resistant OC accounted for 56, 19, and 26%, respectively. The nuclear magnetic resonance analyses also indicated that the use of a 50-µm sieve to differentiate particulate (&gt;50 µm) from humus (=50 µm) forms of OC provided an effective separation based on extents of decomposition. The procedures developed in this study provided a means to differentiate three biologically significant forms of soil OC based on size, extent of decomposition, and chemical composition (poly-aryl content).
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 and the diabetic kidney (2012)

The available clinical evidence shows consistent reduction in glycaemic parameters and some evidence suggests additional effects including weight loss and mild blood pressure reduction. There are some side effects that warrant further investigation and establishing whether SGLT2 inhibition provides a renal benefit relies on future long-term studies with specific renal end-points.
Multi-V<sub>th</sub> Level Conversion Circuits for Multi-VDD Systems (2007)

Employing multiple supply voltages (multi-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DD</sub> ) is attractive for reducing the power consumption without sacrificing the speed of an integrated circuit (IC). In order to transfer signals among the circuits operating at different voltage levels specialized voltage interface circuits are required. Two novel multi-threshold voltage (multi-V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sub> ) level converters are proposed in this paper. The proposed level converters are compared with the previously published circuits for different values of the lower supply voltage. When the circuits are individually optimized for minimum power consumption in a 0.18μm CMOS technology, the proposed level converters offer significant power savings of up to 70% as compared to the previously published circuits. Alternatively, when the circuits are individually optimized for minimum propagation delay, speed is enhanced by up to 78% with the proposed circuits.
<scp>CASPR</scp>2 forms a complex with <scp>GPR</scp>37 via <scp>MUPP</scp>1 but not with <scp>GPR</scp>37(R558Q), an autism spectrum disorder‐related mutation (2015)

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental brain disorder. Mutations in synaptic components including synaptic adhesion molecules have been found in ASD patients. Contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2) is one of the synaptic adhesion molecules associated with ASD. CASPR2 forms a complex with receptors via interaction with multiple PDZ domain protein 1 (MUPP1). Little is known about the relationship between impaired CASPR2-MUPP1-receptor complex and the pathogenesis of ASD. GPR37 is a receptor for survival factors. We recently identified mutations including R558Q in the G-protein-coupled receptor 37 (GPR37) gene in ASD patients. The mutated GPR37s accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum. In this study, we show that GPR37 is a component of the CASPR2-MUPP1 receptor complex in the mouse brain. CASPR2 and GPR37 mainly interacted with the PDZ3 and PDZ11 domains of MUPP1, respectively. Compared to GPR37, GPR37(R558Q) slightly interacted with MUPP1 and caused dendritic alteration. GPR37, but not GPR37(R558Q) nor GPR37-deltaC which lacks its PDZ binding domain, was transported to the cell surface by MUPP1. In primary hippocampal neurons, GPR37 co-localized with MUPP1 and CASPR2 at the synapse, but not GPR37(R558Q). Thus, ASD-related mutation of GPR37 may cause the impaired CASPR2-MUPP1-GPR37 complex on the dendrites associated with one of the pathogenesis of ASD. In this study, we identified that GPR37 is a component of the MUPP1 and CASPR2 receptor complex. Autism deleterious mutated GPR37(R558Q) slightly interacts with MUPP1 and retains in ER, resulting in dendritic alteration. In neuron, GPR37, but not GPR37(R558Q), is transported to the dendrite and synapse by MUPP1. Thus, ASD-related mutation of GPR37 may cause the impaired CASPR2-MUPP1-GPR37 complex on the dendrites associated with one of the pathogenesis of ASD.
Tandem biochemical and thermochemical conversion of algal biomass (2023)

The present invention relates to methods and system configured to convert algal biomass into biofuels, alcohols, nutrients, biochar, chemical building block compounds, and/or other useful by-products. Exemplary methods include an integrated biochemical and thermochemical process that provides high purity biofuels and mixed alcohols, while minimizing waste and/or maximizing efficiency.
A novel thiolase–reductase gene fusion promotes the production of polyhydroxybutyrate in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (2005)

The production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) involves a multigene pathway consisting of thiolase, reductase and synthase genes. In order to simplify this pathway for plant-based expression, a library of thiolase and reductase gene fusions was generated by randomly ligating a short core linker DNA sequence to create in-frame fusions between the thiolase and reductase genes. The resulting fusion constructs were screened for PHB formation in Escherichia coli. This screen identified a polymer-producing candidate in which the thiolase and reductase genes were fused via a 26-amino-acid linker. This gene fusion, designated phaA-phaB, represents an active gene fusion of two homotetrameric enzymes. Expression of phaA-phaB in E. coli and Arabidopsis yielded a fusion protein observed to be the expected size by Western blotting techniques. The fusion protein exhibited thiolase and reductase enzyme activities in crude extracts of recombinant E. coli that were three-fold and nine-fold less than those of the individually expressed thiolase and reductase enzymes, respectively. When targeted to the plastid, and coexpressed with a plastid-targeted polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthase, the fusion protein enabled PHB formation in Arabidopsis, yielding roughly half the PHB formed in plants expressing individual thiolase, reductase and synthase enzymes. This work represents a first step towards simplifying the expression of the PHB biosynthetic pathway in plants.
Acetobacter senegalensis sp. nov., a thermotolerant acetic acid bacterium isolated in Senegal (sub-Saharan Africa) from mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) (2007)

A thermotolerant acetic acid bacterium, designated strain CWBI-B418 T , isolated in Senegal from mango fruit ( Mangifera indica ), was characterized in detail by means of genotypic and phenotypic methods. The novel strain was strictly aerobic and exhibited optimal growth on YGM medium at 35 °C. Cells were Gram-negative, motile and coccoid. The strain was assigned to the genus Acetobacter on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments with its phylogenetically closest relatives showed that strain CWBI-B418 T represented a novel Acetobacter genospecies. The DNA G+C content of strain CWBI-B418 T was 56.0 mol%. Phenotypic characteristics enabling the differentiation of strain CWBI-B418 T from phylogenetically related Acetobacter species were: production of 2-keto- d -gluconic acid from d -glucose, but not 5-keto- d -gluconic acid, production of catalase but not oxidase, growth on yeast extract with 30 % d -glucose, growth with ammonium as sole nitrogen source with ethanol as carbon source, utilization of glycerol and ethanol but not maltose or methanol as carbon sources, and growth in the presence of 10 % ethanol. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic data presented, strain CWBI-B418 T clearly represents a novel Acetobacter species, for which the name Acetobacter senegalensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CWBI-B418 T (=LMG 23690 T =DSM 18889 T ).
Predictors of Recurrence After Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism (2000)

Venous thromboembolism recurs frequently, especially within the first 6 to 12 months, and continues to recur for at least 10 years after the initial VTE. Patients with VTE with neurologic disease and paresis or with malignant neoplasm are at increased risk for recurrence, while VTE patients with transient or reversible risk factors are at less risk.