gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
The evolution of distributed systems towards microservices architecture (2016)

Applications developed to fulfil distributed systems needs have been growing rapidly. Major evolutions have happened beginning with basic architecture relying on initiated request by a client to a processing side referred to as the server. Such architectures were not enough to cope up with the fast ever-increasing number of requests and need to utilize network bandwidth. Mobile agents attempted to overcome such drawbacks but did cope up for so long with the growing technology platforms. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) then evolved to be one of the most successful representations of the client-server architecture with an added business value that provides reusable and loosely coupled services. SOA did not meet customers and business expectations as it was still relying on monolithic systems. Resilience, scalability, fast software delivery and the use of fewer resources are highly desirable features. Microservices architecture came to fulfil those expectations of system development, yet it comes with many challenges. This paper illustrates how distributed systems evolved from the traditional client-server model to the recently proposed microservices architecture. All architectures are reviewed containing brief definitions, some related work and reasoning of why they had to evolve. A feature comparison of all architectures is also provided.
Potential impact of cytochrome P450 3A5 in human liver on drug interactions with triazoles (2010)

Cytochrome P450 3A is the main enzyme subfamily involved in the metabolism of a variety of marketed medicines. It is generally believed that the substrate specificity of polymorphic P450 3A5 is similar to that of the predominant P450 3A4 isoform, although some differences in catalytic properties have been found. It has been hypothesized that individuals with CYP3A5 1 (P450 3A5 expresser) might clear the HIV protease inhibitor saquinavir, administered by mouth, more rapidly than subjects lacking functional CYP3A5 alleles. Enhanced midazolam hydroxylation and cyclosporin metabolism occur in an in vitro P450 3A5 system and in liver microsomes expressing P450 3A5 in the presence of thalidomide. However, inhibition constants (K(i)) of three triazole anti-fungal drugs (itraconazole, fluconazole, and voriconazole) for liver microsomal P450 3A5 are higher than for liver microsomal P450 3A4. To predict drug interactions in vivo, we estimated increases of areas under the curves (AUC) dependent on polymorphic P450 3A5 expression, using both 1 +[Inhibitor] / K(i) (recommended in US FDA guidance), and 1 +[Inhibitor](unbound) / K(i) (as recommended by Japanese MHLW Notice). Voriconazole would be expected to cause approximately a three-fold higher increase in AUC in subjects with CYP3A5 3/3 than in those with CYP3A5 1/3, especially when estimated using the FDA guidance. We conclude that drug interactions between marketed drugs may differ substantially between individuals with genetically distinct P450 3A5 catalytic functions.
Silicone based artificial skin for humanoid facial expressions (2009)

Artificial skin materials were synthesized using platinum-cured silicone elastomeric material (Reynolds Advanced Materials Inc.) as the base consisting of mainly polyorganosiloxanes, amorphous silica and platinum-siloxane complex compounds. Systematic incorporation of porosity in this material was found to lower the force required to deform the skin in axial direction. In this study, we utilized foaming agents comprising of sodium bicarbonate and dilute form of acetic acid for modifying the polymeric chain and introducing the porosity. Experimental determination of functional relationship between the concentration of foaming agent, slacker and non-reactive silicone fluid and that of force - deformation behavior was conducted. Tensile testing of material showed a local parabolic relationship between the concentrations of foaming agents used (per milliliter of siloxane compound) and strain. This data can be used to optimize the amount of additives in platinum cured silicone to obtain desired force - displacement characteristics. Addition of "silicone thinner" and "slacker" showed a monotonically increasing strain behavior. A mathematical model was developed to arrive at the performance metrics of artificial skin.
Towards a General, Continuous Model of Turn-taking in Spoken Dialogue using LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks (2017)

Previous models of turn-taking have mostly been trained for specific turn-taking decisions, such as discriminating between turn shifts and turn retention in pauses. In this paper, we present a predictive, continuous model of turntaking using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). The model is trained on human-human dialogue data to predict upcoming speech activity in a future time window. We show how this general model can be applied to two different tasks that it was not specifically trained for. First, to predict whether a turn-shift will occur or not in pauses, where the model achieves a better performance than human observers, and better than results achieved with more traditional models. Second, to make a prediction at speech onset whether the utterance will be a short backchannel or a longer utterance. Finally, we show how the hidden layer in the network can be used as a feature vector for turntaking decisions in a human-robot interaction scenario.
FUNCTIONALIZATION OF SATURATED-HYDROCARBONS .5. STUDIES OF THE CATALYTIC GIF SYSTEM FOR OXIDATION WITH MOLECULAR-OXYGEN, AND A WORKING HYPOTHESIS ON THE MECHANISM (1986)

Recherche de l'etat du fer complexe dans la reaction. Etude sur l'oxydation de l'adamantane et du cyclohexane
Use of a 3DOF Accelerometer for Foot Tracking and Gesture Recognition in Mobile HCI (2013)

Touch screens as a mean for interacting with mobile applications are limited. Since the hands are already busy handling the phone or tablet, this paper proposes an innovative solution in handling digital entities with the feet. A three-axis accelerometer is arranged on a shoe in order to recognize its movement and to determine its position. Extraction of both information improves mobile interaction in different situations, especially in gaming and working in limited space. The contribution of this paper is an algorithm designed in order to extract both feet tracking (pose) and movement recognition such as kicking, sliding and rotating.
Screening of plant extracts for human tyrosinase inhibiting effects (2012)

Screening for tyrosinase (TYR) inhibitors potentially useful for control of skin pigmentation has been hampered by the limited availability of human TYR. To overcome this hurdle, we have established human embryonic kidney (HEK293)-TYR cells that constitutively express human TYR. In the current study, we assayed human TYR inhibition activities of 50 plant extracts using the lysates of transformed HEK293-TYR cells. The strongest inhibition of human TYR was shown by the extract of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunberg, followed by the extract of Morus bombycis Koidzumi. The former extract did not inhibit mushroom TYR activity whereas significant inhibition was observed with the latter extract, demonstrating the importance of using human TYR in the screening for human TYR inhibitors. Upon liquid-liquid partitioning of the extract from V. bracteatum, the active constituents were enriched in the ethyl acetate fraction, and the subsequent preparatory thin-layer chromatography identified p-coumaric acid (PCA) as the main active constituent. The hypo-pigmentation of PCA was verified in the MelanoDerm™ Skin Model. This study demonstrates that transformed HEK293-TYR cells could expedite the discovery of human TYR-specific inhibitors from natural sources which might be useful in the control of skin pigmentation.
TrustOTP (2015)

Two-factor authentication has been widely used due to the vulnerabilities associated with traditional text-based password. One-time password (OTP) plays an indispensable role on authenticating mobile users to critical web services that demand a high level of security. As the smartphones are increasingly gaining popularity nowadays, software-based OTP generators have been developed and installed into smartphones as software apps, which bring great convenience to the users without introducing extra burden. However, software-based OTP solutions cannot guarantee the confidentiality of the generated passwords or even the seeds when the mobile OS is compromised. Moreover, they also suffer from denial-of-service attacks when the mobile OS crashes. Hardware-based OTP tokens can solve these security problems in the software-based OTP solutions; however, it is inconvenient for the users to carry physical tokens with them, particularly, when there are more than one token to be carried. In this paper, we present TrustOTP, a secure one-time password solution that can achieve both the flexibility of software tokens and the security of hardware tokens by using ARM TrustZone technology. TrustOTP can not only protect the confidentiality of the OTPs against a malicious mobile OS, but also guarantee reliable OTP generation and trusted OTP display when the mobile OS is compromised or even crashes. It is flexible to integrate multiple OTP algorithms and instances for different application scenarios on the same smartphone platform without modifying the mobile OS. We develop a prototype of TrustOTP on Freescale i.MX53 QSB. The experimental results show that TrustOTP has small impacts on the mobile OS and its power consumption is low.
Collagenase Ointment and Polymyxin B Sulfate/Bacitracin Spray Versus Silver Sulfadiazine Cream in Partial-Thickness Burns: A Pilot Study (1994)

A multifaceted approach that involves early debridement and control of infection is critical to successful and rapid burn wound healing. This pilot study was conducted in 15 adult patients with burns to assess the usefulness of early enzymatic debridement with a combination of collagenase ointment and polymyxin B sulfate/bacitracin spray versus silver sulfadiazine cream in partial-thickness burns. Combination treatment with collagenase and polymyxin B sulfate/bacitracin resulted in significantly shorter time to achieve a clean wound bed than silver sulfadiazine (median 6 vs 12 days; p = 0.0012) and significantly more rapid wound healing than silver sulfadiazine (median 10 vs 15 days; p = 0.0007). These results are encouraging and justify implementation of a larger, multicenter, comparative study.
SemFunSim: A New Method for Measuring Disease Similarity by Integrating Semantic and Gene Functional Association (2014)

The high average AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) (96.37%) shows that SemFunSim achieves a high true positive rate and a low false positive rate. 79 of the top 100 pairs of similar diseases identified by SemFunSim are annotated in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) as being targeted by the same therapeutic compounds, while other methods we compared could identify 35 or less such pairs among the top 100. Moreover, when using our method on diseases without annotated compounds in CTD, we could confirm many of our predicted candidate compounds from literature. This indicates that SemFunSim is an effective method for drug repositioning.
Optical design in illumination system of digital light processing projector using laser and gradient-index lens (2012)

A novel structure of illumination system based on laser sources and gradient-index (GRIN) lens arrays for single-plate digital light processing (DLP) projector is proposed. Under the evaluation of light collection efficiency and illumination uniformity, we designed two different architectures of GRIN lens arrays: the unit lens cross section being either square or circular. Also, we designed the one-to-one coupling mechanism between GRIN lens array and Gaussian beam array. By means of three-dimensional modeling and ray tracing, we simulated the optical characteristics of illumination system, and the optical parameters are evaluated. Results show that the total light collection efficiency is 37.9%, the illumination uniformity is 89.7% and the volume is only 12.4 cm3. Thus we improved optical characteristics and reduced the physical dimension of DLP optical engine.
Ecological impacts of wind energy development on bats: questions, research needs, and hypotheses (2007)

At a time of growing concern over the rising costs and long-term environmental impacts of the use of fossil fuels and nuclear energy, wind energy has become an increasingly important sector of the electrical power industry, largely because it has been promoted as being emission-free and is supported by government subsidies and tax credits. However, large numbers of bats are killed at utility-scale wind energy facilities, especially along forested ridgetops in the eastern United States. These fatalities raise important concerns about cumulative impacts of proposed wind energy development on bat populations. This paper summarizes evidence of bat fatalities at wind energy facilities in the US, makes projections of cumulative fatalities of bats in the Mid-Atlantic Highlands, identifies research needs, and proposes hypotheses to better inform researchers, developers, decision makers, and other stakeholders, and to help minimize adverse effects of wind energy development.
Energy consumption in capacitive deionization – Constant current versus constant voltage operation (2018)

In the field of Capacitive Deionization (CDI), it has become a common notion that constant current (CC) operation consumes significantly less energy than constant voltage operation (CV). Arguments in support of this claim are that in CC operation the endpoint voltage is reached only at the end of the charging step, and thus the average cell voltage during charging is lower than the endpoint voltage, and that in CC operation we can recover part of the invested energy during discharge. Though these arguments are correct, in the present work based on experiments and theory, we conclude that in operation of a well-defined CDI cycle, this does not lead, for the case we analyze, to the general conclusion that CC operation is more energy efficient. Instead, we find that without energy recovery there is no difference in energy consumption between CC and CV operation. Including 50% energy recovery, we find that indeed CC is more energy efficient, but also in CV much energy can be recovered. Important in the analysis is to precisely define the desalination objective function, such as that per unit total operational time -including both the charge and discharge steps- a certain desalination quantity and water recovery must be achieved. Another point is that also in CV operation energy recovery is possible by discharge at a non-zero cell voltage. To aid the analysis we present a new method of data representation where energy consumption is plotted against desalination. In addition, we propose that one must analyze the full range of combinations of cycle times, voltages and currents, and only compare the best cycles, to be able to conclude which operational mode is optimal for a given desalination objective. We discuss three methods to make this analysis in a rigorous way, two experimental and one combining experiments and theory. We use the last method and present results of this analysis.
Isaac Errett: Unity and Expediency (1994)

Foster, Douglas (1994) "Isaac Errett: Unity and Expediency," Restoration Quarterly: Vol. 36 : No. 3. This repository hosts selected Restoration Quarterly articles in downloadable PDF format. For the benefit of users who would like to browse the contents of RQ, we have included all issue covers even when full-text articles from that issue are unavailable. All Restoration Quarterly articles are available in full text in the ATLA Religion Database, available through most university and theological libraries or through your local library’s inter-library loan service.
Light Controlled Birefringence of Liquid Crystalline Polymer Bearing an Azo Chromophore (1999)

Abstract Mesogenic and azo monomer were synthesized and copolymerized to get liquid crystalline copolymer such as polymethacrylate (CP I). Another copolymer (CP II) was prepared with methylmethacrylate using the same azo monomer used above. Trans-cis isomerization of two copolymers was observed under UV-irradiation. The stability of photoinduced birefringence in CP I was found better than that of CP II.
Face Recognition from Video by Matching Image Sets (2005)

As opposed to still-image based paradigms, video-based face recognition involves identifying a person from a video input. In video-based approaches, face detection and tracking are performed together with recognition, as usually the background is included in the video and the person could be moving or being captured unknowingly. By detecting and raster-scanning a face sub-image to be a vector, we can concatenate all extracted vectors to form an image set, thus allowing the application of face recognition algorithms based on matching image sets. It has been reported that linear subspace-based methods for face recognition using image sets achieve good recognition results. The challenge that remains is to update the linear subspace representation and perform recognition on-the-fly so that the recognition-from-video objective is not defeated. Here, we demonstrate how this can be achieved by using a well-studied incremental SVD updating procedure. We then present our online face recognition-from-video framework and the recognition results obtained.
Microarray Analysis of MRI-defined Tissue Samples in Glioblastoma Reveals Differences in Regional Expression of Therapeutic Targets (2006)

Microarray technologies have come into prominence for the assessment of molecular diagnostic profiles in cancer tissue biopsies. To better understand the effect of sampling bias, we paired image-guided stereotactic biopsy and microarray technology to study regional intratumoral differences in tumor periphery and core regions of untreated glioblastoma. RNA was extracted from serial frozen sections using an integral histopathologic scoring approach. Gene expression analysis was performed using high-density oligonucleotide microarrays (22,283 probe sets). A consensus list of 643 genes (784 probe sets) with greater than 2-fold difference between intratumoral periphery and core samples was obtained using Microarray Suite 5.0, model-based expression indexes, and robust multiarray analysis algorithms. Results were validated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analyses. Reproducible profiles emerged, in which multiple therapeutic targets significant to glioblastoma [matrix metalloproteinases, AKT1 (v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1), epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor] showed significant differences in regional expression that may affect treatment response. This study suggests important intratumoral regional differences in the molecular phenotype of glioblastoma.
<title>Conformal deposition of LPCVD TEOS</title> (2001)

The step coverage of dielectrics is important for the microelectronics industry and critical to Micro-machined products and High Voltage MEMS drivers. The techniques used to fabricate MEMS structures require void free refill processes and even film deposition along deep trenches to protect against etch chemistries. High voltage drivers used to actuate MEMS devices benefit from dielectric isolation, which reduces the need for large tub formation between devices. It also enables 'system on chip' solutions for MEMs devices and protection against voltage spikes. This paper presents a process developed at Analog Devices Belfast that enables an LPCVD TEOS furnace to perform a highly conformal trench refill without equipment modification. The conformality is over 95% for 20 micrometer deep trenches and maintains a conformality greater than 85% in 50 micrometer deep trenches. This compares with 75% conformality which is considered excellent for 20 micrometer trench refills obtained using previous LPCVD TEOS processing. The process is shown to have benefits in conformality, breakdown voltage, and stress over standard trench fill processes including Ozone TEOS. The densification of the TEOS film has been optimized for electrical parameters using CV and IV techniques, while XPS, FTIR and spectroscopic ellipsometry are used for physical characterization. Stress is a very important parameter for micro-machining and the conformal TEOS has a film stress which is tensile 30 - 40 MPa as deposited and compressive 100 MPa after densification. The breakdown voltage has been measured at 8.5 MV/cm compared to 7.5 - 9 MV/cm for a typical densified TEOS film and the refractive index is 1.456 compared to 1.465 for a thermal oxide. Analog Devices Belfast is part of the Micro-machined Products division and provides SOI and customized SOI for the MEMs and IC market.
Towards self-powered sensing using nanogenerators for automotive systems (2018)

Harvesting energy from the working environment of vehicles is important for wirelessly monitoring their operation conditions and safety. This review aims at reporting different sensory and energy harvesting technologies developed for automotive and active safety systems. A few dominant sensing and power harvesting mechanisms in automotive systems are illustrated, then, triboelectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric nanogenerators, and their potential for utilization in automotive systems are discussed considering their high power density, flexibility, different operating modes, and cost in comparison with other mechanisms. Various ground vehicles’ sensing mechanisms including position, thermal, pressure, chemical and gas composition, and pressure sensors are presented. A few novel types self-powered sensing mechanisms are presented for each of the abovementioned sensor categories using nanogenerators. The last section includes the automotive systems and subsystems, which have the potential to be used for energy harvesting, such as suspension and tires. The potential of nanogenerators for developing new self-powered sensors for automotive applications, which in the near future, will be an indispensable part of the active safety systems in production cars, is also discussed in this review article.
Cell‐Based Hepatitis C Virus Infection Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Assay for Antiviral Compound Screening (2010)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects an estimated 3% of the population and is a leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Since HCV therapeutic and preventative options are limited, the development of new HCV antivirals has become a global health care concern. This has spurred the development of cell-based infectious HCV high-throughput screening assays to test the ability of compounds to inhibit HCV infection. This unit describes methods that may be used to assess the in vitro efficacy of HCV antivirals using a cell-based high-throughput fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) HCV infection screening assay, which allows for the identification of inhibitors that target HCV at any step in the viral life cycle. Basic protocols are provided for compound screening during HCV infection and analysis of compound efficacy using an HCV FRET assay. Support protocols are provided for propagation of infectious HCV and measurement of viral infectivity.