gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Advisory System for Drilling: Automatic Procedures Acting on Real-time Data (2020)

Abstract Thorough planning of drilling operations includes capturing best practices and expert knowledge as operational procedures to provide guidance during execution. However, due to the high level of uncertainty in drilling, and because conventional field procedures are generic and not context sensitive, they are open to interpretation. The resulting performance depends on the user's experience. In challenging situations, when crews are under time pressure and stress, any assistance with monitoring drilling conditions, identifying causes, and carrying out mitigation activities, is of value. This paper describes an advisory system to capture operational knowledge in the form of context sensitive procedures and rules. The system uses real-time measurements and connections to other systems to gather information and data on current operational conditions. Automatic execution of the procedures and rules is possible within the current level of process automation, but the manual use of the system can guide field users through complex tasks. This is particularly useful in handling manually complex operations within an automation scenario, and helps with maintaining situational awareness for operators. As an essential piece of the drilling automation package, the system monitors events created by various specialized processing and alarm-generating components, and triggers execution of required workflows. The deployment of the advisory system in the North Sea has focused on several aspects: drilling with RSS systems, automated trajectory drilling, borehole cleaning, vibration management, MWD/LWD tools troubleshooting, and drilling through stringers. For example, hard formation stringers recognized by the stringer-detection application, trigger execution of mitigation procedures, giving precise instructions depending on the wellbore inclination. The system easily integrates with, and controls, these application libraries allowing consistent execution promoting the reduction of NPT. Further, the advisory system allows autonomous monitoring of drilling events, and execution of best operating practices facilitates multi-well remote operations. Situational awareness is critical in situations where human operators and automated systems play inter-related roles. In such cases, it is important for users to know the state of each task and understand how activities they perform affect other users. The use of context sensitive procedures and rules, executed with connectivity to instrumentation, measurements and real-time applications, allows the user to maintain situational awareness while automating the drilling process.
Oscillatory failure detection in Flight Control System of civil aircraft: EHA actuator servo loop case study. (2012)

International audience
Multichannel stabilization of an integrated WDM laser transmitter through correlation feedback (1998)

The output optical signal power in each channel of an integrated multifrequency laser can be estimated by correlating the total laser output signal with channel data using an optical receiver and an RF mixer. This correlation signal was used in a feedback loop to equalize and stabilize an eight-channel 50-Mb/s 1550-nm wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) multifrequency laser. The method also works with broadcast data by introducing relative time delays between the channels to decorrelate their data.
Lactone-Based Liquid Electrolytes for Fluoride Shuttle Batteries (2021)

Rechargeable secondary batteries operating through fluoride-ion shuttling between the positive and negative electrodes, referred to as fluoride shuttle batteries (FSBs), offer a potentially promising solution to overcoming the energy-density limitations of current lithium-ion battery systems. However, there are many technical issues that need to be resolved to achieve high-quality fluoride-carrying electrolytes and ensure reversible transformations between a metal and its fluoride counterpart at both electrodes. Here, we introduce novel lactone-based liquid electrolytes consisting either of CsF or KF, which are prepared by a solvent substitution method. Although the maximum fluoride-ion concentration achieved by the method is approximately 0.05 M, these systems behave as strong electrolytes where CsF(KF) is almost fully dissociated into Cs + (K + ) and F − ions to give a maximum ionic conductivity of 0.8 mS.cm −1 . Hence, the solvent supports electrochemically active fluoride ions that can drive reversible metal/metal-fluoride transformations at room temperature for a wide range of metal electrodes. However, irreversible reductive reactions of the solvent, also promoted by the fluoride ions, limit currently the negative potential window to approximately −1.5 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode.
Optimizing traffic flow using quantum annealing and classical machine learning (2017)

Quantum annealing algorithms belong to the class of meta-heuristic tools, applicable for solving binary optimization problems. Hardware implementations of quantum annealing, such as the quantum processing units (QPUs) produced by D-Wave Systems, have been subject to multiple analyses in research, with the aim of characterizing the technology's usefulness for optimization and sampling tasks. In this paper, we present a real-world application that uses quantum technologies. Specifically, we show how to map certain parts of the real-world traffic flow optimization problem to be suitable for quantum annealing. We show that time-critical optimization tasks, such as continuous redistribution of position data for cars in dense road networks, are suitable candidates for quantum applications. Due to the limited size and connectivity of current-generation D-Wave QPUs, we use a hybrid quantum and classical approach to solve the traffic flow problem.
Interactive Animation of Structured Deformable Objects (1999)

In this paper, we propose a stable and efficient algorithm for animating mass-spring systems. An integration scheme derived from implicit integration allows us to obtain interactive realistic animation of any mass-spring network. We alleviate the need to solve a linear system through the use of a predictor-corrector approach: We first compute a rapid approximation of the implicit integration, then we correct this estimate in a post-step process to preserve momentum. Combined with an inverse dynamics process to implement collisions and other constraints, this method provides a simple, stable and tunable model for deformable objects suitable for virtual reality. An implementation in a VR environment demonstrates this approach.
The Ulcerative Colitis Response Index for Detection of Mucosal Healing in Patients Treated With Anti-tumour Necrosis Factor (2019)

This article has an associated podcast which can be accessed at https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/pages/podcast.
Optimizing simulated annealing on GPU: A case study with IC floorplanning (2011)

In this paper, we propose a novel floorplanning algorithm based on simulated annealing on GPUs. Simulated annealing is an inherently sequential algorithm, far from the typical programs suitable for Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) style concurrency in a GPU. We propose a fundamentally different approach of exploring the floorplan solution space, where we evaluate concurrent moves on a given floorplan. We illustrate several performance optimization techniques for this algorithm on GPUs. Compared to the sequential algorithm, our techniques achieve 6-160X speedup for a range of MCNC and GSRC benchmarks, while delivering comparable or better solution quality.
Overlap-Save FBMC Receivers (2020)

Future communication systems are foreseen to support several services with different requirements. Waveform designs based on filter-bank multi-carrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC/OQAM) can offer interesting advantages in this context, such as low out-of-band power leakage and high spectral efficiency due to the lack of guard intervals. However, downsides of FBMC/OQAM with respect to a typical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) solution include higher latency, higher complexity and difficulties in adapting some existing OFDM techniques such as MIMO Alamouti. To address these issues, novel FBMC receivers suitable for short prototype filters are proposed. Based on the Overlap-Save algorithm, the proposed receivers improve error-rate performance on multipath channels and support asynchronous communication. We show that complexity can be further reduced by efficiently processing blocks of FBMC symbols jointly, and that user mobility support can be traded off for additional complexity reductions in a flexible way through polynomial decomposition of the equalizer stage. Finally, we show that a block-Alamouti scheme can be applied, and we propose a MIMO equalizer with improved error-rate performance on time-varying channels, compared to the typical FBMC block-Alamouti equalizer.
Minimizing tip-sample forces and enhancing sensitivity in atomic force microscopy with dynamically compliant cantilevers (2017)

Due to the harmonic motion of the cantilever in Tapping Mode Atomic Force Microscopy, it is seemingly impossible to estimate the tip-sample interactions from the motion of the cantilever. Not directly observing the interaction force, it is possible to damage the surface or the tip by applying an excessive mechanical load. The tip-sample interactions scale with the effective stiffness of the probe. Thus, the reduction of the mechanical load is usually limited by the manufacturability of low stiffness probes. However, the one-to-one relationship between spring constant and applied force only holds when higher modes of the cantilever are not excited. In this paper, it is shown that, by passively tuning higher modes of the cantilever, it is possible to reduce the peak repulsive force. These tuned probes can be dynamically more compliant than conventional probes with the same static spring constant. Both theoretical and experimental results show that a proper tuning of dynamic modes of cantilevers reduces the contact load and increases the sensitivity considerably. Moreover, due to the contribution of higher modes, the tuned cantilevers provide more information on the tip-sample interaction. This extra information from the higher harmonics can be used for mapping and possibly identification of material properties of samples.
Improved removal of blood contamination from ThinPrep cervical cytology samples for Raman spectroscopic analysis (2018)

There is an unmet need for methods to help in the early detection of cervical precancer. Optical spectroscopy-based techniques, such as Raman spectroscopy, have shown great potential for diagnosis of different cancers, including cervical cancer. However, relatively few studies have been carried out on liquid-based cytology (LBC) pap test specimens and confounding factors, such as blood contamination, have been identified. Previous work reported a method to remove blood contamination before Raman spectroscopy by pretreatment of the slides with hydrogen peroxide. The aim of the present study was to extend this work to excessively bloody samples to see if these could be rendered suitable for Raman spectroscopy. LBC ThinPrep specimens were treated by adding hydrogen peroxide directly to the vial before slide preparation. Good quality Raman spectra were recorded from negative and high grade (HG) cytology samples with no blood contamination and with heavy blood contamination. Good classification between negative and HG cytology could be achieved for samples with no blood contamination (sensitivity 92%, specificity 93%) and heavy blood contamination (sensitivity 89%, specificity 88%) with poorer classification when samples were combined (sensitivity 82%, specificity 87%). This study demonstrates for the first time the improved potential of Raman spectroscopy for analysis of ThinPrep specimens regardless of blood contamination.
Safety Profile and Pharmacokinetic Properties of Eteplirsen in the Treatment of Boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (S6.001) (2014)

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this analysis is to examine the safety and pharmacokinetic profiles of eteplirsen, a PMO designed to skip exon 51 in patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). BACKGROUND: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a degenerative X-linked genetic neuromuscular disorder with an incidence of 1 in 5,000 boys caused by mutations to the gene coding for the protein dystrophin. Eteplirsen is an investigational therapy designed to enable functional dystrophin production in boys amenable to exon 51-skipping (~13%). DESIGN/METHODS: Twelve boys, aged 7 to 13 were randomized 1:1:1 to 30mg/kg, 50mg/kg, or placebo/delayed treatment cohorts. Doses were administered weekly via IV infusion for 24 weeks, when all including placebo were rolled over to a long-term open-label extension study. Here we discuss the safety profile of eteplirsen through 96 weeks of treatment and touch upon its pharmacokinetic properties as determined through analysis of plasma and urine samples at weeks 12 and 24. RESULTS: Patients experienced no clinically significant treatment related adverse events. Two cases of urine protein elevation resolved without intervention and one distal femur fracture was ruled as treatment unrelated. There were no hospitalizations or discontinuations and no clinically significant treatment related changes on any safety lab parameters including liver specific enzymes, kidney function, coagulation, or platelet counts. Cmax and AUC increased proportionally with dose. The plasma half-life was approximately 3 hours long and therefore accumulation due to weekly dosing was not expected and was supported by the finding that the plasma concentration 5 minutes post-infusion at 12 and 24 weeks were similar. Approximately two thirds of the drug was cleared through the kidney. CONCLUSIONS: Eteplirsen is generally well tolerated with no dose limiting toxicities observed at therapeutically relevant levels. Study Supported by: Sarepta Therapeutics
Synthesis of soluble metallophthalocyanines from a metal-free phthalocyanine by microwave irradiation (2001)

We report a fast, simple, safe, and effective procedure for the synthesis of several soluble metal tetrakis(tert-butyl)phthalocyaninates, M ( TBPc ) ( M = Zn , Mg , Co , Cu ) and M ( TBPc ) 2 ( M = Tb , La ), from the respective metal-free phthalocyanine by microwave irradiation. Metal chlorides and acetates are used as metal sources.
Analysis of the Ethylene Response in the<i>epinastic</i> Mutant of Tomato (2001)

Ethylene can alter plant morphology due to its effect on cell expansion. The most widely documented example of ethylene-mediated cell expansion is promotion of the "triple response" of seedlings grown in the dark in ethylene. Roots and hypocotyls become shorter and thickened compared with controls due to a reorientation of cell expansion, and curvature of the apical hook is more pronounced. The epinastic (epi) mutant of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) has a dark-grown seedling phenotype similar to the triple response even in the absence of ethylene. In addition, in adult plants both the leaves and the petioles display epinastic curvature and there is constitutive expression of an ethylene-inducible chitinase gene. However, petal senescence and abscission and fruit ripening are all normal in epi. A double mutant (epi/epi;Nr/Nr) homozygous for both the recessive epi and dominant ethylene-insensitive Never-ripe loci has the same dark-grown seedling and vegetative phenotypes as epi but possesses the senescence and ripening characteristics of Never-ripe. These data suggest that a subset of ethylene responses controlling vegetative growth and development may be constitutively activated in epi. In addition, the epi locus has been placed on the tomato RFLP map on the long arm of chromosome 4 and does not demonstrate linkage to reported tomato CTR1 homologs.
Continuous tracking of bridge modal parameters based on subspace correlations (2020)

Modal parameter variation plays an important role in bridge health monitoring. But tracking the long-term variation of modal parameters is restricted by the modal identifiability. Since some modes cannot be identified due to the limitations of sensor locations or excitation conditions, the identified modes will be missing or misclassification in the tracking process. In this paper, the multistage tracking technique based on subspace correlations is proposed. To avoid missing the identified modes, the reference mode list should be complete to cover all identified modes. Thus, the first stage is to update the reference list adaptively, where the correlations between the observability vectors of identified modes and the subspaces of existing reference modes are taken. The second stage is to cluster each traceable mode and the specified reference mode together without misclassification, where the modal similarity is measured by the similarity of observability vectors (SOV). The proposed algorithm is verified by the vibration data of a numerical model and a highway bridge, respectively. The results show that the proposed method can link with modes in the same order correctly and update the reference mode list adaptively to avoid missing the identified modes.
Analysis of bulk acoustic wave response in ZnO based structures using transmission-line method (2003)

Piezoelectric thin film ZnO and its ternary alloy MgZnO have broad applications in transducers, resonators, filters and sensors. In ZnO based multi-layer piezoelectric device structures, such as ZnO on r-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, multi-acoustic wave mode coupling between each layer in the multilayer structure must be considered. In this paper, we use transmission line representation to analyze frequency response of a structure based on piezoelectric Mg/sub x/Zn/sub 1-x/O. The structure is Al/Mg/sub x/Zn/sub 1-x/O/n/sup ++/ ZnO/r-sapphire, where the Al and n/sup ++/ ZnO layers serve as top and bottom electrodes, respectively. Due to the crystalline orientation of the n/sup ++/ ZnO electrode and r-plane sapphire used in this work, there exist quasi shear and longitudinal wave modes in the device. The simulation results and measured device response show general agreement.
Polymer surfaces derivatized with poly(vinyl‐<i>N</i>‐hexylpyridinium) kill airborne and waterborne bacteria (2002)

A facile methodology has been developed for covalently derivatizing the surfaces of common materials with a designed antibacterial polycation, poly(vinyl-N-pyridinium bromide), wherein the first, key step involves surface coating with a nanolayer of silica. Various commercial synthetic polymers derivatized in this manner become bactericidal-they kill up to 99% of deposited, from either an aerosol or an aqueous suspension, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on contact.
Characterization of an ASE reflector-based gain-clamped erbium-doped fiber amplifier (2005)

We develop a simulation tool for an all-optical gain-clamped erbium-doped fiber amplifier (GC-EDFA) based on an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) reflector and thoroughly verify its validity by comparing simulation data with experimental ones. We carry out simulation work as changing conditions like reflection ratio and bandwidth of the ASE reflector, EDF length, and pump power. From this work, we have an exact understanding about the gain clamping principle that a reflected ASE acts like an intensity reservoir against input signal intensity variation. In general, as a reflected ASE power becomes higher, both a dynamic range and a noise figure (NF) increase; on the other hand, a clamped gain value decreases. The ASE reflector-based gain clamping scheme can be used for EDFAs with low NF characteristics at small input signal range in case a reflected ASE power is set at a level much lower than powers required for normal gain clamping function.
Handheld Force Controlled Ultrasound Probe (2010)

An actuated handheld force-feedback controlled ultrasound probe has been developed. The controller maintains a prescribed contact force between the probe and a patient’s body. The device will enhance the diagnostic capability of free-hand elastography, swept-force compound imaging and make it easier for a technician to acquire repeatable (i.e., directly comparable) images over time. The mechanical system consists of an ultrasound probe, a ball-screw-driven linear actuator, and a force/torque sensor. The feedback controller commands the motor to rotate the ball screw to translate the ultrasound probe in order to maintain a desired contact force. In preliminary user studies, it was found that the control system maintained a constant contact force with 1.7 times less variation than human subjects provided with a visual force display. Users without a visual force display were only able to maintain a constant force with 20 times worse variation than the automatic controller. The system was also used to determine the viscoelastic properties of soft tissues.
Polyphenolic compounds for treating neurodegenerative disorders involving protein misfolding (2010)

A diverse group of neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive, age-dependent intracellular formation of misfolded protein aggregates. These include Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease and a number of tau-mediated disorders. There is no effective treatment for any of these disorders; currently approved interventions are designed to treat disease symptoms and generally lead to modest modulation of clinical symptoms. None are known to mitigate underlying neuropathologic mechanisms and, thus, it is not unexpected that existing treatments appear ineffective in modulating disease progression. We note that these neurodegenerative disorders all share a common mechanistic theme in that depositions of misfolded protein in the brain is a key molecular feature underlying disease onset and/or progression. While previous studies have identified a number of drugs and nutraceuticals capable of interfering with the formation and/or stability of misfolded protein aggregates, none have been demonstrated to be effective in vivo for treating any of the neurodegenerative disorders. We hereby review accumulating evidence that a select nutraceutical grape-seed polyphenolic extract (GSPE) is effective in vitro and in vivo in mitigating certain misfolded protein-mediated neuropathologic and clinical phenotypes. We will also review evidence implicating bioavailability of GSPE components in the brain and the tolerability as well as safety of GSPE in animal models and in humans. Collectively, available information supports continued development of the GSPE for treating a variety of neurodegenerative disorders involving misfolded protein-mediated neuropathologic mechanisms.
A versatile electrochemical sensing receptor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (2014)

Electrochemical molecularly imprinted polymers (e-MIPs) are reported for the first time. Their elaboration is based on the introduction of a redox tracer (vinylferrocene) inside the binding cavities of a cross-linked MIP. Determination of the analyte (benzo[a]pyrene) can be simply performed by measuring the redox tracer signal.