gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Novel Hydrogen Purification Device Integrated with PEM Fuel Cells (2010)

A prototype device containing twelve membrane tubes was designed, built, and demonstrated. The device produced almost 300 scfh of purified hydrogen at 200 psig feed pressure. The extent of purification met the program target of selectively removing enough impurities to enable industrial-grade hydrogen to meet purity specifications for PEM fuel cells. An extrusion process was developed to produce substrate tubes. Membranes met several test objectives, including completing 20 thermal cycles, exceeding 250 hours of operating life, and demonstrating a flux of 965 scfh/ft2 at 200 psid and 400 C.
Prevention and Removal of Lipid Deposits by Lens Care Solutions and Rubbing (2014)

These data suggest that MPSs do not appreciably alter lipid sorption. Rubbing lenses removes a small amount of sorbed lipids. Yet, we recommend that MPSs be used as they may disinfect SiHy lenses and may clean their surfaces of large particles.
On metrics for objective and subjective evaluation of high dynamic range video (2015)

In high dynamic range (HDR) video, it is possible to represent a wider range of intensities and contrasts compared to the current standard dynamic range (SDR) video. HDR video can simultaneously preserve details in very bright and very dark areas of a scene whereas these details become lost or washed out in SDR video. Because the perceived quality due to this increased fidelity may not fit the same model of perceived quality in the SDR video, it is not clear whether the objective metrics that have been widely used and studied for SDR visual experience are reasonably accurate for HDR cases, in terms of correlation with subjective measurement for HDR video quality. This paper investigates several objective metrics and their correlation to subjective quality for a variety of HDR video content. Results are given for the case of HDR content compressed at different bit rates. In addition to rating the relevance of each objective metric in terms of its correlation to the subjective measurements, comparisons are also presented to show how closely different objective metrics can predict the results obtained by subjective quality assessment in terms of coding efficiency provided by different coding processes.
CityGuide: A Seamless Indoor-Outdoor Wayfinding System for People With Vision Impairments (2019)

GPS accuracy is poor in indoor environments and around buildings. Thus, reading and following signs still remains the most common mechanism for providing and receiving wayfinding information in such spaces. This puts individuals who are blind or visually impaired (BVI) at a great disadvantage. This work designs, implements, and evaluates a wayfinding system and smartphone application called CityGuide that can be used by BVI individuals to navigate their surroundings beyond what is possible with just a GPS-based system. CityGuide enables an individual to query and get turn-by-turn shortest route directions from an indoor location to an outdoor location. CityGuide leverages recently developed indoor wayfinding solutions in conjunction with GPS signals to provide a seamless indoor-outdoor navigation and wayfinding system that guides a BVI individual to their desired destination through the shortest route. Evaluations of CityGuide with BVI human subjects navigating between an indoor starting point to an outdoor destination within an unfamiliar university campus scenario showed it to be effective in reducing end-to-end navigation times and distances of almost all participants.
Six-axis capacitive force/torque sensor based on dielectric elastomer (2013)

The six axis F/T sensor is a primary component for the robotic technologies, but its high unit cost hampers the popularization to the robotic applications. In this paper, we present a six-axis force-torque capacitive sensor based on dielectric elastomer. Dielectric elastomer is compressed and deformed with external forces acting on it. Its deformation results in the variation of capacitance, which can be used as a kind of capacitive sensing scheme. The proposed sensor consists of plastic structure and dielectric elastomer capacitors. Since it takes a simple structure, it is possible to fabricate by using a plastic molding process, which results in extremely lower cost than existing off-the-shelf products. We present the basic structure and design of the sensor with the explanation of its working principle. A fabrication method dedicated to the sensor is developed and finally, a prototype will be demonstrated with calibration procedures.
27.1: <i>Invited Paper</i> : New Developments in Liquid Crystal Photo‐Aligning by Azo‐Dyes (2006)

Abstract Liquid crystal photo‐alignment using azo‐dyes is reviewed. This alignment method is very different from previously reported ones, such as photo‐crosslinking, photo degradation and photoisomerization. It will be shown that this photo‐aligning method can provide a controllable pretilt angle and strong anchoring energy of the liquid crystal cell, as well as high thermal and UV stability. The application of this method to the alignment and fabrication of various types of liquid crystal displays is also discussed.
Total Synthesis of Daptomycin by Cyclization via a Chemoselective Serine Ligation (2013)

A total synthesis of daptomycin, the first natural product antibiotic launched in a generation, was achieved. This convergent synthesis relies on an efficient macrocyclization via a serine ligation to assemble the 31-membered cyclic depsipeptide. The difficult esterification by the nonproteinogenic amino acid kynurenine was accomplished via the esterification of a threonine residue by a suitably protected Trp ester, followed by ozonolysis. This synthesis provides a foundation and framework to prepare varied analogues of daptomycin to establish its structure-activity profile.
Silver-Facilitated Olefin/Paraffin Separation in a Liquid Membrane Contactor System (1994)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSilver-Facilitated Olefin/Paraffin Separation in a Liquid Membrane Contactor SystemDean T. Tsou, Marc W. Blachman, and James C. DavisCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 12, 3209–3216Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1994Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 December 1994https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ie00036a040https://doi.org/10.1021/ie00036a040research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views314Altmetric-Citations42LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Dual-Polarized SAR and Stokes Parameters (2006)

For a given transmission polarization, the four-element Stokes vector captures all of the information inherent to the dual-polarized backscattered signals. Stokes parameters are linear combinations of the like-polarized power, the cross-polarized power, and the cross product between the complex image amplitudes in the two receive channels. Most so-called dual-polarized synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems provide only the like- and cross-product images, ignoring the cross product. In so doing, potentially valuable information is thrown away. For most dual-polarized SARs, data sufficient to generate the Stokes parameters can be generated with small marginal cost. A practical and sufficient output data format would be a mapping of the (complex) cross product between the two channels, as well as their respective images
Thermoacoustic tomography using integrating line detectors (2006)

Thermoacoustic tomography (TACT) uses pulses of electromagnetic waves to excite acoustic waves within an optically heterogeneous sample. Spatial variations in optical absorbance lead to variations in generated temperature and thermoelastic pressure, which can be measured as temporally modulated acoustic pressure signals outside the sample. The goal of TACT is to reconstruct the three-dimensional distribution of absorbed energy from the time-varying signals acquired at multiple positions around the sample. The usual approach is to use an array (either a real array or a single detector scanned around the sample) of point like detectors. A novel measurement setup using integrating detectors is proposed and demonstrated. The use of integrating detectors to obtain time-retarded projections of optical absorption along surfaces parallel to the detector surface is quite different to current approaches and has important advantages. It avoids the problem of piezoelectric detectors to obtain adequate detection sensitivity when using the acoustically small element sizes required for conventional imaging reconstruction algorithms. Another advantage is that the reconstruction can be achieved via the inverse Radon Transform. Thus, many of the existing reconstruction methods (e.g. those using sparse data sets) developed for computerized tomography are directly applicable enabling the progress in this area to be rapid and integrating detectors may become widely adopted. Imaging a three-dimensional object requires to rotate the plane detector tangentially around a sphere that encloses the object. Since in practice it is easier to build a device with a single rotation axis, we proposed the fragmentation of the planar detector into a line array perpendicular to the rotation axis as a strategy to obtain images from three-dimensional objects. Single lines as sensitive elements of an ultrasound receiver array can be made using optical sensing technology. Optical methods have the advantage that they allow high bandwidth detection and are relatively insensitive to electrical noise pick-up.
Miniature, low-cost optical particle counters (2013)

A range of miniature, low-cost optical particle counters for characterizing atmospheric particles has been developed. They are intended for use with disposable balloon-borne radiosondes, dropsondes or in dense ground-based sensor networks. Versions exist that are suitable for determining the size distributions and number concentrations of cloud particles or atmospheric aerosols such as mineral dust or volcanic ash.
Primary African HIV Clade A and D Isolates: Effective Cross-Clade Neutralization with a Quadruple Combination of Human Monoclonal Antibodies Raised against Clade B (2003)

We investigated the ability of several human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAbs), originally raised against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clade B isolates, to neutralize primary clade A and D isolates as single agents and in combinations. All four primary HIV clade A isolates and five primary HIV clade D isolates tested were neutralized >99% by the quadruple combination of nmAbs IgG1b12, 2G12, 2F5, and 4E10. These mAbs recognize conserved epitopes on HIV-1 envelope (Env), resulting in strong cross-clade neutralization. Previously, we showed synergistic neutralization of primary HIV-1 clade C isolates in vitro by the same nMAb combination. We and others also showed neutralization of primary HIV clade B strains. Together, our data show that the quadruple combination of mAbs effectively neutralized primary HIV clade A, B, C, and D isolates.
Turbocharged Video Distribution via P2P (2014)

There are two types of P2P systems satisfying two different user demands: 1) file downloading and 2) video-on-demand (VoD) streaming. An example of file downloading is the original BitTorrent, and examples for VoD streaming include various commercial P2P-based VoD streaming systems such as that offered by PPLive. We have a hypothesis - by combining a type: 1) system and 2) system as a single P2P system, both the file downloading users and the streaming users of the same video will benefit in performance. The reasoning is that at any moment, only a subset of the file downloading peers can provide good service to VoD streaming peers and the VoD streaming peers are only good at providing service to a different subset of the file downloading peers. The former subset is the set of peers close to completing the downloading of the video file; whereas the latter subset is the set of peers starting to download a video. In this paper, we propose a novel design for a mesh-based video distribution system without depending on video replication on streaming peers. We produce simple back-of-the-envelop analysis to show its effectiveness. Then, we further validate our design and compare it with other designs through simulation and experiments in practical networking environment by implementing a prototype.
Resonant-boost-input three-phase power factor corrector (1999)

This paper presents a novel three-phase power factor corrector (PFC) circuit which uses two power switches working in zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) condition. The two switches along with a high-frequency inductor constitute a high-frequency current source which is responsible for the energy transfer in the circuit. The input current is partly continuous and partly discontinuous. The total harmonic distortion (THD) in the input current has a low value of 4.5%, and the output DC voltage is very close to the peak line voltage. The operation of the converter is explained by identifying the different switching modes, and the simulation and experimental waveforms are presented.
Development of a laboratory extreme-ultraviolet lithography tool (1994)

The development of a laboratory EUV lithography tool based on a laser plasma source, a 10x Schwarzschild camera, and a magnetically levitated wafer stage is presented. Interferometric measurements of the camera aberrations are incorporated into physical-optics simulations to estimate the EUV imaging performance of the camera. Experimental results demonstrate the successful matching of five multilayer reflecting surfaces, coated to specification for a wide range of figure and incidence angle requirements. High-resolution, 10x-reduction images of a reflection mask are shown.
An Empirical Study of Software Exceptions in the Field using Search Logs (2020)

Background: Software engineers spend a substantial amount of time using Web search to accomplish software engineering tasks. Such search tasks include finding code snippets, API documentation, seeking help with debugging, etc. While debugging a bug or crash, one of the common practices of software engineers is to search for information about the associated error or exception traces on the internet. Aims: In this paper, we analyze query logs from Bing to carry out a large scale study of software exceptions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first large scale study to analyze how Web search is used to find information about exceptions. Method: We analyzed about 1 million exception related search queries from a random sample of 5 billion web search queries. To extract exceptions from unstructured query text, we built a novel machine learning model. With the model, we extracted exceptions from raw queries and performed popularity, effort, success, query characteristic and web domain analysis. We also performed programming language-specific analysis to give a better view of the exception search behavior. Results: Using the model with an F1-score of 0.82, our study identifies most frequent, most effort-intensive, or less successful exceptions and popularity of community Q&A sites. Conclusion: These techniques can help improve existing methods, documentation and tools for exception analysis and prediction. Further, similar techniques can be applied for APIs, frameworks, etc.
Effect of water on the secondary transformations of hydrocarbons in the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis on Co-zeolite catalysts (2017)

Water is involved into the secondary reactions of the Co-catalyzed Fischer–Tropsch process in the presence of H-form zeolites due to water-induced generation of additional Brønsted acid sites. As a result, significant changes in the group and fractional compositions of formed hydrocarbons are observed.
Maternal plasma soluble TRAIL is decreased in preeclampsia (2013)

Maternal plasma sTRAIL concentrations are lower (while those of CRP are higher) in women with PE than in those with uncomplicated pregnancies. These findings are consistent with the evidence of intravascular inflammation in this disorder.
Applying a mitotic index to circulating tumor cells and its prognostic significance: A cytological approach to patient stratification. (2015)

11029 Background: It has been well documented that enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) isolated from the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients can be used as a prognostic indicator of survival. Typically, CTC identification relies on immunohistochemical stains used in an absent/present method (i.e. CK+/CD45-). However, the methodology for identification of CTCs is highly subjective, and histological cytology remains the standard identifier of cancer cells. We expand upon our work regarding the cytological criteria of CTCs, Adams et al, Cytometry 2015, to determine if pathological grading criteria can be applied to CTCs. We report the assessment for overall survival of late stage breast cancer in relation to CTC number and presence of active mitosis. Methods: A prospective pilot study of 30 single blinded Stage III/IV breast patient samples were provided by Fox Chase Cancer Center and University of Maryland Baltimore. 7.5mL whole blood was diluted in pre-fixation solution and filtered by CellSieve microfiltration. Cells were fixed, permeabilized, and stained with DAPI, an antibody cocktail against CK 8/18/19, EpCAM, and CD45. CTCs were enumerated and identified as described by Adams et al. Cytometry 2015. CTCs were further subtyped by 1) number of pathologically definable CTCs (PDCTCs) and 2) presence of mitotic events, identified by standard visual cues (e.g. prophase, anaphase, etc.). Kaplan-Meier plots and Hazard ratios were determined at 24 months. Results: PDCTCs were found in 87% (26 of 30) of patient samples tested. Of the 14 patients who had ≥ 5 CTCs/7.5mL, 36% (5 of 14) survived 24 months. Of the 16 patients who had < 5 CTCs/7.5mL, 81% (13 of 16) survived 24 months. By contrast, 12 of the 30 patients who had ≥ 1 CTC with a mitotic event, 17% (2 of 12) survived 24 months. Of the 18 patients who had no mitotic CTCs, 89% (16 of 18) survived 24 months. Conclusions: Stratification of breast cancer patients based on number of CTCs is a prognostic indicator of patient survival. Our data suggests that prognostic value is increased by subtyping CTCs based on their mitotic index as assessed by overall survival over a 24 month period.
Scaling-up of a HepaRG progenitor cell based bioartificial liver: optimization for clinical application and transport (2017)

Anew generation of bioartificial livers, based on differentiated proliferative hepatocyte sources, has been developed. Several practicable and regulatory demands have to be addressed before these can be clinically evaluated. Weidentified three main hurdles: (1) expansion and preservation of the biocomponent, (2) development of scaled-up culture conditions and (3) transport of the device to the bedside. In this study we address these three issues for the HepaRG-progenitor cell line-loaded AMC-Bioartificial Liver. (1) HepaRG cells were expanded in large quantities and then cryopreserved or loaded directly into bioreactors. After 3 weeks of culture, key hepatic functions (ammonia/lactate elimination, apolipoprotein A1 synthesis and cytochrome P450 3A4 activity) did not differ significantly between the two groups. (2) Bioartificial livers were scaled up from 9ml to 540 ml priming volume, with preservation of normalized hepatic functionality. Quantification of amino acid consumption revealed rapid depletion of several amino acids. (3) Whole-device cryopreservation and cooled preservation induced significant loss of hepatic functionality, whereas simulated transport from culture-facility to the bedside in a clinical-grade transport unit with controlled temperature maintenance, medium perfusion and gas supply did not affect functionality. In addition, we assessed tumorigenicity of HepaRG cells in immune-incompetent mice and found no tumor formation of HepaRG cells (n = 12), while HeLa cells induced formation of carcinomas in eight out of 12 mice in 140 days
Direct testing of blood culture for detection of the serotype 5 and 8 capsular polysaccharides of Staphylococcus aureus (1989)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) reactive with serotype 5 and 8 capsular polysaccharides of Staphylococcus aureus have been used to test, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), blood culture fluids for the presence of S. aureus. A total of 748 blood cultures from 665 patients yielding 706 bacterial isolates belonging to more than 26 bacterial species were studied. All blood cultures containing bacterial strains belonging to species other than S. aureus were negative in ELISA. All 23 blood cultures containing serotype 5 S. aureus were positive in ELISA with the corresponding MAb. Out of 20 blood cultures containing serotype 8 S. aureus, 19 were positive with the corresponding MAb. All 5 blood cultures containing nontypeable S. aureus were negative in ELISA with both MAbs. This method provides reliable identification of serotype 5 or serotype 8 S. aureus by direct testing of blood culture fluids with ELISA.
Device-directed rendering (1995)

Rendering systems can produce images that include the entire range of visible colors. Imaging hardware, however, can reproduce only a subset of these colors: the device gamut. An image can only be correctly displayed if all of its colors lie inside of the gamut of the target device. Current solutions to this problem are either to correct the scene colors by hand, or to apply gamut mapping techniques to the final image. We propose a methodology called device-directed rendering that performs scene color adjustments automatically. Device-directed rendering applies classic minimization techniques to a symbolic representation of the image that describes the relationship of the scene lights and surfaces to the pixel colors. This representation can then be evaluated to produce an image that is guaranteed to be in gamut. Although our primary application has been correcting out-of-gamut colors, this methodology can be generally applied to the problem of adjusting a scene description to accommodate constraints on the output image pixel values.
Respiration monitoring using a wireless network with space and frequency diversities (2016)

Non-invasive respiration monitoring of a person has many human-centric applications. In this paper, we use received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from a wireless network to perform non-contact respiration rate monitoring. We develop a low-cost monitoring system that uses multiple commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) radios operating on multiple frequency channels. We propose a maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to estimate respiration rate from RSSI on multiple links and multiple channels. Our experimental results show that the system is more robust to user orientations and postures. The system is over 40% more accurate than previous systems for eight human subject experiments.