gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Karyotype analysis of hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies against different antigens. (1988)

On the basis of karyotype analysis of the 6 groups of mouse--mouse hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against 5 different antigens we found: (1) The karyotypic variability of clones in all six compared groups of hybridomas was consistent and was influenced neither by the specificity of secreted monoclonal antibodies nor by the character of antigen used for immunization (soluble or particulate). (2) The faster growing hybridomas had a lower mean chromosome number than the slower proliferating clones of the same origin. (3) Karyotypes of subclones isolated from ascites fluid of a mouse inoculated i.p. with clones permanently growing in vitro included a markedly higher mean chromosome number than the karyotypes of originally inoculated hybridoma cells.
Zur nutritiven Wirkung von Sorbinsäure in der Ferkelaufzucht (1995)

Zusammenfassung Zur Untersuchung der nutritiven Wirksamkeit von Sorbinsäure in der Ferkelaufzucht wurde ein Fütterungsversuch mit 48 Absetzferkeln (DL × P; 7,2 kg LM) in Einzelkäfighaltung durchgeführt. Die Tiere wurden gleichmäßig auf vier Gruppen (I‐IV) verteilt und erhielten bei ad libitum ‐Fütterung 21 Tage lang ein Prestarterfutter, anschließend 17 Tage lang ein Ferkelaufzuchtfutter mit jeweils bedarfsdeckenden Nähr‐ und Wirkstoffkonzentrationen, denen 0% (Gruppe 1), 1,2% (II), 1,8% (III) oder 2,4% Sorbinsäure (IV) isoenergetisch zugelegt worden waren. Die Sorbinsäure‐Ergänzung bewirkte einen linearen Anstieg der durchschnittlichen täglichen Futteraufnahme von 730 g (I) auf 870 g (IV), wobei die Zuwachsrate von 430 g/Tag (I) auf 550 g/Tag (IV) angehoben und das Versuchs‐endgewicht der mit 2,4 % Sorbinsäure supplementierten Tiere um 20 % erhöht wurde. Die Futterver‐wertung (kg Futter/kg Zuwachs) verbesserte sich von 1,7 (I) auf unter 1,6 (IV). Bezüglich Häufigkeit oder Intensität von Durchfallerkrankungen traten keine Unterschiede zwischen den Behandlungs‐gruppen auf. Für den praktischen Einsatz können Sorbinsäure‐Zulagen von bis zu 1,8 % im Ferkelauf‐zuchtfutter auf jeden Fall als leistungssteigernd empfohlen werden. Im Prestarterfutter sind auch mit Sorbinsäure‐Ergänzungen von 2,4 % und darüber noch Leistungsverbesserungen zu erzielen.
LaAlO[sub 3] Nanocrystals Embedded in Amorphous Lu[sub 2]O[sub 3] High-k Gate Dielectric for Floating Gate Memory Application (2006)

A novel method to fabricate the memory structure of LaAlO 3 nanocrystals embedded in amorphous Lu 2 O 3 high-k dielectric by the pulsed laser deposition method using a rotating target was successfully developed. The average mean size and aerial density of the LaAlO 3 nanocrystals are estimated to be about 6 nm and 1.1 10 12 cm -2 , respectively. Superior performances in terms of a large memory window, long data retention, and robust endurance were observed.
Color shift reduction of a multi-domain IPS-LCD using RGB-LED backlight (2006)

Color gamut and static and dynamic color shifts of a multi-domain in-plane-switching liquid crystal display (IPS LCD) are calculated quantitatively using RGB (red, green, and blue) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and cold-cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) backlights. Simulation results indicate that the LED backlight exhibits a wider color gamut, better angular color uniformity, and 2-4X smaller static and dynamic color shifts than the CCFL system.
Estimation Of Polarization On Time-Scale Plane For Seismic Wave Separation (2002)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Toulouse, France, 2002
A three-dimensional PSME model for rotating flows in an annular cavity (2012)

A pseudospectral matrix-element (PSME) numerical model is described for the simulation of rotating flows in a three-dimensional annular cavity. Temporal discretisation is implemented using a second-order semi-implicit scheme. Modified compressibility is invoked to handle the coupling between velocity and pressure while maintaining the incompressibility constraint. The governing continuity and Navier–Stokes momentum equations and boundary conditions are discretised using Chebyshev and Fourier collocation formulae. The model is validated against numerical results from alternative schemes and experimental data on rotating flows in an annular cavity. A base flow regime and instability patterns are observed, in accordance with other previously published investigations. It is demonstrated that the PSME model provides an accurate representation of rotating flows in an annular cavity.
Symbiotic Utilization of Polyvinyl Alcohol by Mixed Cultures (1981)

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-utilizing cultures were obtained from various sources. They were mixed cultures even after cyclical transfer to liquid and plate media with PVA as a sole source of carbon. Component bacteria were isolated from the several mixed cultures, and it was shown that PVA was utilized symbiotically by two bacterial members which could not utilize PVA in each respective pure culture. From a mixed culture, strains VM15, VM15A (Pseudomonas putida) and VM15C (Pseudomonas sp.) were isolated as members essential for PVA utilization. VM15C was the predominant strain in the mixed-culture population and produced PVA-degrading enzyme. The culture supernatant of VM15A enabled VM15C to grow on PVA. VM15A was presumed to supply VM15C with a unique growth stimulant which was distinct from usual growth factors.
Leukocyte preservation at near-zero temperatures (2010)

Intense metabolism and fast exhaustion of the energy potential of nucleate blood cells at positive temperatures substantially reduce the duration of their storage in a viable state. However, this transfusion environment is extremely necessary for clinical purposes. The popular method of cell preservation at an ultralow temperature (−196°C) is limited in application because of the use of liquid nitrogen, special equipment, and trained engineering staff. The goal of this study was to develop an efficient and simple method of leukocyte preservation at near-zero temperatures (+2°–0°C) using a standard household refrigerator and a novel cryopreservation solution.
Doping of GaAs with Donor Impurities Te and Sn during Liquid Phase Epitaxy from Mixed Gallium Bismuth Melts (1992)

Abstract The electrical properties of GaAs epilayers doped with donor impurities Te and Sn during LPE from mixed Ga  Bi melts in temperature intervals from 850 to 820 °C and from 700 to 630 °C were investigated. The analysis of incorporation of Te and Sn into crystallizing GaAs considering preliminary association of impurity and compound component atoms in the liquid agree satisfactory with experimental data providing the presence of additional concentration of nonequilibrium arsenic vacancies on the (111)B surface of growing layer, which is not conditioned by activity of compound components in the liquid. It is shown that the main factor, determining the incorporation of donor impurities Te and Sn into GaAs during epitaxy from mixed Ga  Bi solvents, is the change of Ga and As concentrations ratio in the liquid.
Site-directed mutagenesis in the effector site of Escherichia coli phosphofructokinase (1987)

A new vector for the expression of phosphofructokinase (pfk-1) was constructed with pEMBL, which allows reliable, inducible, high-expression, and facile mutagenesis of the gene. Two mutants in the effector site of the enzyme were produced by site-specific mutagenesis of residue Tyr-55 to assess the role of its side chain in binding an allosteric inhibitor, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), and an activator, guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP): Tyr-55----Phe-55 and Try-55----Gly-55. The dissociation constant of PEP from the T state is unaffected by the mutations. Mutation of Tyr-55----Phe-55 only slightly increases the dissociation constant of GDP from the R state, indicating a minimal involvement of the hydroxyl group in binding. A 5.5-fold increase in the dissociation constant of GDP on the mutation of Tyr-55----Gly-55 suggests a small hydrophobic interaction of the aromatic ring of the tyrosine residue with guanine of GDP.
Optical bandwidth and fabrication tolerances of multimode interference couplers (1994)

Analytical expressions are derived which relate the optical bandwidth and the fabrication tolerances of multimode interference (MMI) couplers to their most important design parameters. These expressions compare adequately with mode analysis simulations. For strong guided structures, the optical bandwidth is shown to he inversely proportional to the number of input and output ports N and to the length of the device. The fabrication tolerances are independent of N and proportional to the output channel separation D. Measurements on MMI couplers in InP/InGaAsP corroborate the theoretical predictions.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Safety and Effectiveness of Radioactive Coil Embolization of Aneurysms (2006)

Background and Purpose— Recanalization after coil embolization can be prevented by radiation emitted from 32 P coils. We wanted to determine the upper limits of 32 P activities that could be implanted onto coils with respect to the potential injury to nearby nerves, delay in organization of the clot, and effects on neointima formation and recanalization. Methods— We studied the effects of various 32 P activities on recanalization and organization of thrombus after coil occlusion of canine arteries and on neointima formation at the neck of canine carotid bifurcation aneurysms. We also tested potential injury to nerves in the vicinity of radioactive or nonradioactive coils in 3 models: the brachial plexus (near proximal vertebral arteries) and the lingual nerve in a lingual artery bifurcation aneurysm model, both models being treated by radioactive or standard coil occlusion. Finally, we wrapped lingual nerves with nonradioactive or high-activity coils and studied their effects on lingual nerves and tongues. Results were assessed with a pathological scoring system and compared with Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results— No deleterious effect of radiation on nerves could be detected. Neointima formation was not hampered, scores of aneurysms treated with 32 P-coils being significantly better when compared with treatments with standard coils ( P =0.002). Arteries treated with high-activity coils (>3.39 μCi) showed absent recanalization but delayed organization of the clot at 3 months compared with low-activity or nonradioactive coils ( P <0.05). Conclusions— β-Radiation can prevent recanalization after coil occlusion. We could not demonstrate any deleterious effects of radioactivity on nervous structure or on neointima formation. Delayed organization of thrombus provides a rational basis to establish an upper limit for 32 P activities to be implanted onto coils.
Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ Growth on (100) In$_{0.53}$Ga$_{0.47}$As Initiated by Cyclic Trimethylaluminum and Hydrogen Plasma Exposures (2011)

The influence of hydrogen plasma treatment before atomic layer deposition of aluminum oxide on In0.53Ga0.47As is investigated. Experiments on untreated, trimethylaluminum-treated, hydrogen-plasma treated, and iterative hydrogen plasma/trimethylaluminum-treated samples are compared in the context of interface trap density, Dit. Through the conductance method, it was found that five cycles of two s, 20 mT, 100 W hydrogen plasma alternating with 40 msS of trimethylaluminum dose prior to dielectric growth resulted in a reduction of interface trap density (0.2 eV below the conduction band edge) from 4.6×1012 eV-1 cm-2 for untreated samples to 1.7×1012 eV-1 cm-2 for treated samples.
Prevention of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Skin Flap Model: The Role of Mast Cells, Cromolyn Sodium, and Histamine Receptor Blockade (2000)

The objective of this study was to examine the role of mast cells and their principal product, histamine, in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cromolyn sodium, diphenhydramine, and cimetidine were administered to ischemic flaps just before reperfusion and evaluated for flap survival, mast cell count, neutrophil count, and myeloperoxidase levels. Epigastric island skin flaps were elevated in 49 rats; they were rendered ischemic by clamping the artery for 10 hours. Thirty minutes before reperfusion, the rats were treated with intraperitoneal saline (n = 11), cimetidine (n = 11), diphenhydramine (n = 11), or cromolyn sodium (n = 10). Flap survival was evaluated at 7 days. Neutrophil counts, mast cell counts, and myeloperoxidase levels were evaluated 12 hours after reperfusion. Flap necrosis in the sham group of animals (n = 6) was 0.0 percent, as expected, whereas the control group (saline-treated animals) had 47.3+/-33.4 percent necrosis. Animals treated with diphenhydramine and cimetidine demonstrated a significant decrease in flap necrosis to 17.7+/-8.8 percent and 19.4+/-14.7 percent, respectively. This protective effect was not seen with cromolyn sodium (44.3+/-35.6 percent). Both neutrophil and mast cell counts were significantly decreased in flaps from antihistamine-treated and sham animals versus both saline- and cromolyn sodium-treated groups. The administration of diphenhydramine and cimetidine before reperfusion can significantly reduce the extent of flap necrosis and the neutrophil and mast cell counts caused by ischemia/reperfusion. This protective effect is not seen with cromolyn sodium. The protective effect of antihistamines on flap necrosis might be related to the decrease in neutrophils and, possibly, mast cells within the flap.
Anisotropic Metal Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Assembly, and Optical Applications (2005)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A flexible framework for engineering "my" portals (2004)

There exist many portal servers that support the construction of portals that is portals that allow the user to have one or more personal pages composed of a number of personalizable services. The main drawback of current portal servers is their lack of generality and adaptability. This paper presents the design of MyPersonalizer a J2EE-based framework for engineering My portals. The framework is structured according to the Model-View-Controller and Layers architectural patterns providing generic adaptable model and controller layers that implement the typical use cases of a My portal. MyPersonalizer allows for a good separation of roles in the development team: graphical designers (without programming skills) develop the portal view by writing JSP pages while software engineers implement service plugins and specify framework configuration.
Green up-conversion laser emission in Er-doped crystals at room temperature (1993)

We report room-temperature pulsed up-conversion laser oscillation in Er-doped LiYF4 and KYF4 at 551 and 562 nm, respectively. In both crystals laser oscillation is observed on the 4S3/2-4I15/2 ground state transition. Excitation was provided by a tunable flashlamp-pumped Ti:sapphire laser in the spectral region around 810 nm. Additional pumping with a continuous wave krypton ion laser at 647 nm was beneficial to both lasers. Laser action has also been observed in Er-doped Y3Al5O12 on the same transition.
Introduction (2015)

Abstract Dual inheritance is an empirical fact: humans are reproduced by a combination of genetically and culturally transmitted information. A theory of dual inheritance has been developed by a number of contributors, among the most important of whom are Peter Richerson and Robert Boyd, that extends ideas from evolutionary biology to encompass cultural information in a way that recognizes the partial independence of the cultural from the genetic channel. The complementary approach of this book investigates the differences between the two channels of inheritance from a theoretical standpoint grounded in social and cultural anthropology, and uses comparative ethnography to demonstrate how the observed differences can be seen to manifest themselves in actual socio-cultural systems encountered in the ethnographic record. Though the approach used in this book owes much to Richerson and Boyd it differs from it in a few key respects as well as subsequent chapters will show.
Synthesis, Characterization and Application of 2, 2'- Methylene-Bis (4,6-Di-Tert-Butyl-Phenyl) Phosphate Sodium (2013)

2, 2'- methylene-bis (4,6-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphate sodium (NA-11), a nucleator of polypropylene (PP) was high-efficiently prepared with homemade 2,2-methylene-bis (4,6-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) phosphorus oxychloride as raw materials by means of hydrolysis and neutralization, and the overall yield of the product was 95.9 %. The synthesized product was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG), elemental analysis and 31 P-NMR. Polypropylene was modified with the synthesized product as a nucleating agent. The results showed that the tensile strength, flexural strength, and the flexural modulus of composites increased by 12.1%, 30.2%, 41.0% respectively when the synthesized product is 0.1wt%, and the haze decreased form 42.9% to 17.3%.
9748 (2022)

Investigations of atomic-layer deposition of GaP layers on Si substrates with different orientations and with different preliminary surface treatment have been carried out. The deposition of GaP was carried out by the method of plasma enhanced atomic-layer deposition using in situ treatment in argon plasma. It was shown that at the initial stage of the growth of GaP layers on precisely oriented (100) Si substrates and with misorientation, two-dimensional growth occurs both after chemical and plasma surface treatment. Upon growth on (111) substrates, after plasma treatment of the surface, a transition to three-dimensional growth is observed, at which the size of islands reaches 30–40 nm. The smallest root-mean-square roughness of the surface of the growing GaP layers (<0.1 nm) was achieved for (100) substrates with a misorientation of 4 °. The GaP layers grown on (100) substrates had a roughness of ~ 0.1 nm, and on substrates with the (111) orientation - 0.12 nm. It was found that the surface treatment of Si substrates with the (100) orientation in hydrogen plasma leads to a slight increase in the surface roughness of growing GaP layers (0.12–0.14 nm), which is associated with the effect of inhomogeneous etching of silicon in hydrogen plasma. When treating the (100) silicon surface in argon plasma, the surface roughness does not change significantly in comparison with the chemical surface treatment. On the surface of substrates with preliminary deposition of an epitaxial Si layer with a thickness of 4 nm, the morphology of GaP layers is the same as in the case of using hydrogen plasma.
Human experimental pain models in drug development: translational pain research. (2007)

Human experimental pain models require standardized stimulation and quantitative assessment of the evoked responses. This approach can be applied to healthy volunteers and pain patients before and after pharmacological interventions. Standardized stimuli of different modalities (ie, mechanical, chemical, thermal or electrical) can be applied to the skin, muscles and viscera for a differentiated and comprehensive assessment of various pain pathways and mechanisms. Using a multi-modal, multi-tissue approach, new and existing analgesic drugs can be profiled by their modulation of specific biomarkers. It has been shown that biomarkers, for example, those related to the central integration of repetitive nociceptive stimuli, can predict efficacy of a given drug in neuropathic pain conditions. Human experimental pain models can bridge animal and clinical pain research, and act as translational research providing new possibilities for designing successful clinical trials. Proof-of-concept studies provide cheap, fast and reliable information on dose-efficacy relationships and how pain sensed in the skin, muscles and viscera are inhibited.
Gradual reintroduction of oxygen reduces reperfusion injury in cat stomach (1988)

Recent studies have shown that oxygen-derived free radicals are responsible for a major portion of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the stomach. The oxygen radicals are produced during reperfusion when oxygen delivery to the tissue increases. In the present study we investigate the effect on mucosal injury of regulating the rate of reintroduction of oxygen to the stomach after ischemia. Local gastric ischemia was achieved by reducing celiac artery pressure to 30 mm Hg for 1 h. Ischemic injury was assessed by measuring the loss of 51Cr-labeled red blood cells across the gastric mucosa. Mucosal blood loss was negligible before and during the ischemia period but increased to 0.178 ml.min.-1.100 g-1 during reperfusion. When blood flow to the stomach was gradually returned to normal after ischemia by increasing celiac artery pressure by 10 mmHg every 10 min, the mucosal blood loss was reduced to 0.013 ml.min.-1.100 g-1. If the stomach was vascularly perfused with low PO2 (34 mmHg) blood for 1 h after ischemia before being returned to normal arterial perfusion, the mucosal blood loss was also reduced to 0.063 ml.min.-1.100 g-1. When the stomach was made hypoxemic for 1 h rather than ischemic by perfusing the vasculature with low PO2 (29 mmHg) blood then reperfused with normoxic blood, there was very little mucosal bleeding (0.014 ml.min.-1.100 g-1). The data indicate that gastric mucosal bleeding after ischemia is reduced if the tissue is returned slowly to a normal PO2. These findings support the concept that reperfusion injury is due largely to the production of oxygen radicals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Radiation characteristics of reflector antenna with radome at 10∼30 GHz in rainy conditions (1987)

Abstract The increase in radome loss, sidelobe levels, and cross‐polarization level in the rain plays an important role in determining antenna characteristics. These effects have been investigated at 10 GHz ∼ 30 GHz with a reflector antenna having a planar radome, and a new method has been propsoed for deriving the radome loss in which a water‐shedding property of the radome is taken into account. Raindrops on the radome form water streams that flow down onto the surface thereby increasing the loss of the vertical polarization wave. It is also found that the cross‐polarization level generated by a wet radome is less than −40 dB. The sidelobe level is not increased and the paraxial radiation pattern is not changed by a wet radome but it is lowered as a whole. In the present theory, the contact angle of a raindrop surface with a radome surface determines the condition of the wet radome surface and this angle was predicted theoretically by using measured radome loss.