gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Taming the inconsistency of Wi-Fi fingerprints for device-free passive indoor localization (2017)

Device-free Passive (DfP) indoor localization releases the users from the burden of wearing sensors or carrying smartphones. Instead of locating devices, DfP technology directly locates human bodies. This promising technology upgrades and even redefines many services, such as intruder alarm, fire rescue, fall detection, baby monitoring, etc. Using Wi-Fi based fingerprints, DfP approaches can achieve a nearly perfect accuracy with a resolution less than one meter. However, Wi-Fi localization profiles may easily drift with a minor environment change, resulting in an inconsistency between fingerprints and new profiles. This inconsistency issue could lead to large errors, and may quickly ruin the whole system. To address this issue, we propose a approach named AutoFi to automatically calibrate the localization profiles in an unsupervised manner. AutoFi embraces a new technique that online estimates and cancels profile contaminants introduced by environment changes. It applies an autoencoder to preserve critical features of fingerprints, and reproduces them later in new localization profiles. Experiment results demonstrate that AutoFi indeed rescues the Wi-Fi fingerprints from variations in the surrounding. The localization accuracy is improved from 18.8% (before auto-calibration) to 84.9% (after auto-calibration).
Ultrasound-Enhanced Dissolution of UO<sub>2</sub>in Supercritical CO<sub>2</sub>Containing a CO<sub>2</sub>-Philic Complexant of Tri-<i>n</i>-butylphosphate and Nitric Acid (2002)

Application of ultrasound can significantly enhance the dissolution of UO2 powders placed on small glass beads in supercritical fluid CO2 using a CO2-soluble tri-n-butylphosphate (TBP)/HNO3/H2O complexant as an extractant. The amount of UO2 dissolved in CO2 for a 20-min dynamic extraction at 323 K and 15 MPa can be increased by an order of magnitude with sonification compared to experiments without sonification. The application of ultrasound probably contributes to the transfer of locally concentrated UO2(NO3)2·2TBP from the surface of glass beads into supercritical fluid CO2. This ultrasound-aided process for direct dissolution of UO2 in supercritical fluid CO2 that requires no aqueous solutions and organic solvents may have important applications for reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels and for treatment of certain nuclear wastes.
Advanced plastic scintillators with pulse shape discrimination (2012)

In this paper we report on the fabrication and characterization of advanced plastic scintillators. Our results show that these novel plastic scintillators have a relatively high light yield, a fast scintillation decay, and exhibit very good neutron/gamma pulse shape discrimination.
Iterative X-ray Cone-Beam Tomography for Metal Artifact Reduction and Local Region Reconstruction (1999)

: X-ray cone-beam reconstruction from incomplete projection data has important practical applications, especially in microtomography. We developed expectation maximization (EM)-type and algebraic reconstruction technique (ART)-type iterative cone-beam reconstruction algorithms for metal artifact reduction and local reconstruction from truncated data. These iterative algorithms are adapted from the emission computerized tomography (CT) EM formula and the ART. A key step in our iterative algorithms is introduction of a projection mask and computation of a 3-D spatially varying relaxation factor that allows compensation for beam divergence and data incompleteness. The algorithms are simulated with projection data synthesized from mathematical phantoms. In simulation, the EM-type and ART-type iterative algorithms are demonstrated to be effective for metal artifact reduction and local region reconstruction. They perform similarly in terms of visual quality, image noise, and discrepancy between measured and reprojected data. The EM-type and ART-type iterative cone-beam reconstruction algorithms have potential for metal artifact reduction and local region reconstruction in X-ray CT.
Engineering an efficient and tight d-amino acid-inducible gene expression system in Rhodosporidium/Rhodotorula species (2015)

The intron 1-containing DAO1 promoters coupled with a DAO1 null mutant makes an efficient and tight D-amino acid-inducible gene expression system in Rhodosporidium and Rhodotorula genera. The system will be a valuable tool for metabolic engineering and enzyme expression in these yeast hosts.
A New Feasible Approach to Natural Language Database Query (2005)

A truly natural language interface to databases also needs to be practical for actual implementation. We developed a new feasible approach to solve the problem and tested it successfully in a laboratory environment. The new result is based on metadata search, where the metadata grow in largely linear manner and the search is linguistics-free (allowing for grammatically incorrect and incomplete input). A new class of reference dictionary integrates four types of enterprise metadata: enterprise information models, database values, user-words, and query cases. The layered and scalable information models allow user-words to stay in original forms as users articulated them, as opposed to relying on permutations of individual words contained in the original query. A graphical representation method turns the dictionary into searchable graphs representing all possible interpretations of the input. A branch-and-bound algorithm then identifies optimal interpretations, which lead to SQL implementation of the original queries. Query cases enhance both the metadata and the search of metadata, as well as providing casebased reasoning to directly answer the queries. This design assures feasible solutions at the termination of the search, even when the search is incomplete (i.e., the results contain the correct answer to the original query). The necessary condition is that the text input contains at least one entry in the reference dictionary. The sufficient condition is that the text input contains a set of entries corresponding to a complete, correct single SQL query. Laboratory testing shows that the system obtained accurate results for most cases that satisfied only the necessary condition.
Development of the PERCIO object-oriented database management system and future research issues (1997)

Functional and architectural features which are implemented in the PERCIO object-oriented DBMS are described. PERCIO has several unique features: Variable-length class and view class enhance database flexibility and maintainability; indirect virtual memory addressing and complex conditional retrieval augment database scalarbility, reliability and performance; and class-based storage structure achieves DBMS extensibility. Additionally, performance evaluation results are given. The schemes proposed and implemented for PERCIO resolve current OODBMS problems. Future research issues and directions for OOBDs are discussed. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 28(3): 13–23, 1997
N<sup>6</sup>,C8-Disubstituted Adenosine Derivatives as Partial Agonists for Adenosine A<sub>1</sub> Receptors (1996)

The synthesis and biological evaluation of N6, C8-disubstituted derivatives of adenosine as potential partial agonists for adenosine receptors is described. Via three routes, two series of compounds were prepared, viz., N6-cyclopentyladenosine derivatives 3a-e and C8-(cyclopentylamino)adenosine analogs 3e and 9a-d, respectively. The X-ray structure determination of one of these compounds, N6-ethyl-8(cyclopentylamino)adenosine (9b), was carried out (orthorhombic, space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) (No. 19) with a = 11.039(3), b = 8.708(2), and c = 24.815(12) angstrom, Z=4,R1=0.0974,R2(W) = 0.2455). Due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding, the ribose moiety of this compound is in an anti conformation. The compounds were tested in vitro in radioligand binding studies, yielding their affinities for A1 and A2a adenosine receptors. All compounds appeared A1 selective, with affinities in the high nanomolar, low micromolar range. On A1 receptors the so-called GTP shift was also determined, i.e., the ratio between the affinities measured in the presence and absence of 1 mM GTP. All GTP shifts (values between 1.1 and 3.8) were lower than the GTP shift for CPA (6.0). This GTP shift appeared indicative for partial agonism in vivo, since the N6-cyclopentyladenosine derivatives showed lower intrinsic activities than the prototypic full agonist N6-cyclopentyladenosine on the decrease in heart rate in conscious, normotensive rats.
Circularly polarised rectangular dielectricresonator antenna (1995)

A rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) which produces circular polarisation with a single slot feed is investigated. The antenna element uses mutually orthogonal nearly degenerate modes to generate circular polarisation with a low axial ratio over a wide frequency band and a wide beamwidth.
Effect of<i>Rothia mucilaginosa</i>enzymes on gliadin (gluten) structure, deamidation, and immunogenic epitopes relevant to celiac disease (2014)

Rothia mucilaginosa, a natural microbial inhabitant of the oral cavity, cleaves gluten (gliadin) proteins at regions that are resistant to degradation by mammalian enzymes. The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent the R. mucilaginosa cell-associated enzymes abolish gliadin immunogenic properties. Degradation of total gliadins and highly immunogenic gliadin 33-mer or 26-mer peptides was monitored by SDS-PAGE and RP-HPLC, and fragments were sequenced by liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometer (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Peptide deamidation by tissue transglutaminase (TG2), a critical step in rendering the fragments more immunogenic, was assessed by TG2-mediated cross-linking to monodansyl cadaverine (MDC), and by a +1-Da mass difference by LC-ESI-MS. Survival of potential immunogenic gliadin epitopes was determined by use of the R5 antibody-based ELISA. R. mucilaginosa-associated enzymes cleaved gliadins, 33-mer and 26-mer peptides into smaller fragments. TG2-mediated cross-linking showed a perfect inverse relationship with intact 33-mer and 26-mer peptide levels, and major degradation fragments showed a slow rate of MDC cross-linking of 6.18 ± 2.20 AU/min compared with 97.75 ± 10.72 and 84.17 ± 3.25 AU/min for the intact 33-mer and 26-mer, respectively, which was confirmed by reduced TG2-mediated deamidation of the fragments in mass spectrometry. Incubation of gliadins with Rothia cells reduced R5 antibody binding by 20, 82, and 97% after 30 min, 2 h, and 5 h, respectively, which was paralleled by reduced reactivity of enzyme-treated 33-mer and 26-mer peptides in the R5 competitive ELISA. Our broad complementary approach to validate gluten degrading activities qualifies R. mucilaginosa-associated enzymes as promising tools to neutralize T cell immunogenic properties for treatment of celiac disease.
Polymer nanocomposites: a new strategy for synthesizing solid electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries (1995)

The ionic conductivity and lithium electrode-electrolyte interfacial stability have been measured for composite polymer electrolytes using micrometer- and nanometer-size alumina (Al2O3) with polyethylene oxide (PEO) and lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4). The influence of the nanometer-size alumina particles increases ionic conductivity by an order of magnitude compared with micrometer-size particles. The interfacial stability is increased a factor of two. Characterization of layered nanocomposite polymer electrolytes based upon melt intercalation of PEO in layered silicates (montmorillonite) show that the intercalated PEO is amorphous.
Optoelectronic Tweezers for the Manipulation of Cells, Microparticles, and Nanoparticles (2010)

Optoelectronic tweezers and its variants are versatile devices for the manipulation of microparticles, nanoparticles, and cells. This chapter presented the theory and operation of the OET device and its variants, along with descriptions of various applications, including cell trapping and sorting, cell electroporation, microdisk laser assembly, and nanoparticle manipulation and assembly. Currently, the most promising fields for applications are biological research and micro- and nanoassembly. However, as OET is a relatively new tool, more applications are being developed that take advantage of the many capabilities of OET.
Novel transformer-flux-balancing control of dual-active-bridge bidirectional converters (2015)

In this paper, a novel flux-balancing method for the isolated dual-active-bridge (DAB) bidirectional converter based on direct control of the magnetizing current is proposed. In the proposed method, the dc component of the primary and secondary current is controlled by providing two control loops; one to keep the average magnetizing current approximately zero and the other to keep the average primary and secondary current approximately zero. The performance of the proposed flux-balancing control is experimentally evaluated on a 3.3-kW DAB prototype designed for automotive applications.
Erbium nanoparticle doping for high power fiber lasers (2015)

A nanoparticle (NP) doping technique was used for making erbium-doped fibers (EDFs). The nanoparticles were doped into the silica soot of preforms which were drawn into fibers. Results have indicated optical-to-optical slope efficiencies of 80.4%.
Pulsed Photoconductive Connected Slot Array Operating at the Sub-mm Wavelength Band (2019)

A novel pulsed photoconductive THz source is presented that is able to radiate mW-level average powers, over a large bandwidth by exploiting both the optical and electrical properties of photoconductive sources and the ultrawideband properties of connected antenna arrays. An optical system composed of a micro-lenses array splits the laser beam into N x N spots that host the active excitation of the antenna arrays. An “ad hoc” network has been adopted to bias the array active spots in order to implement a connected antenna array configuration. The array feeds a silicon lens to increase the directivity of the radiated THz beam. A slot array prototype has been designed, fabricated, and measured. The proposed solutions achieve excellent power radiation levels by making use of an accurate electromagnetic design. This solution can offer enhancements to any active system relying on pulsed photoconductive antennas.
Translucent Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> /LaAl <sub>11</sub> O <sub>18</sub> Composite (2009)

A translucent alumina composite containing 1 vol% LaAl 11 O 18 , prepared by the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) method, displays both high translucency and high fracture toughness. Its total forward transmission at 600 nm is 75% (thickness 1 mm), and its bending strength and fracture toughness are estimated to be 574±15 MPa and 5.9±0.46 MPa·m 0.5 , respectively. Its high translucency is due to the similarity of refractive index between the additive phase (LaAl 11 O 18 ) and the matrix (alumina).
Design and electrical characteristics of a modular plasma torch (1999)

A modular system for constructing an atmospheric pressure plasma source is presented and studied. The design and construction of the plasma torch module by modifying and reassembling the structural components of two different models of spark plugs are first described. Each module can produce a torch plasma of 1 cm radius and 6 cm height and having a peak density exceeding 10/sup 13/ cm/sup -3/. A set of modules, each connected in series with a ballasting capacitor in the circuit, can be operated as an array sharing a common power source to produce a dense and large-volume plasma. The electrical characteristics of the module are studied for the case of a single module and two capacitively coupled modules. The discharge can be maintained, with the aid of ballasting capacitors, in a stable diffuse arc. Furthermore, the coupled discharges in an array of modules are operated with the maximum power efficiency as indicated by a near one power factor seen by the power line.
Ionomer design for augmented charge transport in novel ionic polymer transducers (2009)

Ionic polymer transducers are devices that display electromechanical transduction and are projected to have extensive applications as actuators and sensors. This study employs novel, highly branched sulfonated polysulfones (sBPS) as part of an investigation into the contribution of polymer topology to electromechanical transduction. Specifically, the ionomers are combined with an ionic liquid to determine the optimal ratio and method for maximizing ionic conductivity, where charge transport is essential to device performance. Two uptake methods are assessed for introduction of ionic liquid into the central ionomeric membrane. The effects of casting membranes in the presence of ionic liquid and swelling preformed membranes in ionic liquid on film stability and ionic conductivity are examined. Membranes cast from a solution of the ionomer and ionic liquid allow for direct targeting of the component ratio and a single-step process for membrane formation. Swelling conditions for preformed neat membranes combine time, temperature, and the presence of organic co-diluents to achieve the maximum stable uptake of ionic liquid. Comparison of optimal conditions for the various methods reveals that swelling with co-diluents achieves ionic conductivity of the imbibed membrane per uptake higher than the levels achieved with the casting process for highly sulfonated sBPS. However, for less sulfonated sBPS the casting process successfully produced membranes with ionic conductivities unreachable with the co-diluent process. Both methods will enable the production of high performance ionic polymer transducers constructed from novel sBPS ionomers and ionic liquids.
Field Study Compares Fracture Diagnostic Technologies (2012)

Abstract Traditional proppant placement evaluation in hydraulically induced fractures utilize detection of radioactive (R/A) tracers such as iridium 192, scandium 46 and antimony 124, which are manufactured in nuclear reactors, and then shipped to the wellsite and pumped downhole with the frac slurry. Although this technique has proven useful, it involves environmental, safety, and regulatory concerns/issues. Recently a new technology has become available that offers a viable alternative to radioactive tracers. Field examples of the application of this technology and its usefulness to the operator are presented in this paper, along with a field comparison to the results from R/A tracers. The new technology utilizes a non-radioactive ceramic proppant (CEP) that contains a high thermal neutron capture compound (HTNCC). This high thermal neutron capture compound is inseparably incorporated into each ceramic proppant grain during manufacturing in sufficiently low concentration so as not to affect proppant properties. The non-radioactive proppant is detected using standard compensated neutron and/or pulsed neutron tools, with detection based on the high thermal neutron absorptive properties of the proppant relative to downhole constituents. Multiple zones in two wells in Wyoming were hydraulically fractured utilizing the non-radioactive detectable ceramic proppant. In addition, multiple zones in a well in Utah were fractured utilizing the non-radioactive detectable proppant and the results are compared to results from an R/A tracer utilized in another well in the same field. These field results and comparisons will aid the frac engineer in choosing appropriate proppant detection techniques.
HLA-DO and Its Role in MHC Class II Antigen Presentation (2013)

Helper T cells are stimulated to fight infections or diseases upon recognition of peptides from antigens that are processed and presented by the proteins of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class II molecules. Degradation of a full protein into small peptide fragments is a lengthy process consisting of many steps and chaperones. Malfunctions during any step of antigen processing could lead to the development of self-reactive T cells or defective immune response to pathogens. Although much has been accomplished regarding how antigens are processed and presented to T cells, many questions still remain unanswered, preventing the design of therapeutics for direct intervention with antigen processing. Here, we review published work on the discovery and function of a MHC class II molecular chaperone, HLA-DO, in human, and its mouse analog H2-O, herein called DO. While DO was originally discovered decades ago, elucidating its function has proven challenging. DO was discovered in association with another chaperone HLA-DM (DM) but unlike DM, its distribution is more tissue specific, and its function more subtle.
Salicylic acid 3-hydroxylase regulates <i>Arabidopsis</i> leaf longevity by mediating salicylic acid catabolism (2013)

The plant hormone salicylic acid (SA) plays critical roles in plant defense, stress responses, and senescence. Although SA biosynthesis is well understood, the pathways by which SA is catabolized remain elusive. Here we report the identification and characterization of an SA 3-hydroxylase (S3H) involved in SA catabolism during leaf senescence. S3H is associated with senescence and is inducible by SA and is thus a key part of a negative feedback regulation system of SA levels during senescence. The enzyme converts SA (with a Km of 58.29 µM) to both 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) and 2,5-DHBA in vitro but only 2,3-DHBA in vivo. The s3h knockout mutants fail to produce 2,3-DHBA sugar conjugates, accumulate very high levels of SA and its sugar conjugates, and exhibit a precocious senescence phenotype. Conversely, the gain-of-function lines contain high levels of 2,3-DHBA sugar conjugates and extremely low levels of SA and its sugar conjugates and display a significantly extended leaf longevity. This research reveals an elegant SA catabolic mechanism by which plants regulate SA levels by converting it to 2,3-DHBA to prevent SA overaccumulation. The research also provides strong molecular genetic evidence for an important role of SA in regulating the onset and rate of leaf senescence.
Automatic segmentation of pulmonary nodules by using dynamic 3D cross-correlation for interactive CAD systems (2002)

We propose in this paper a novel approach to the automatic segmentation of lung nodules in a given volume of interest (VOI) from high resolution multi-slice CT images by dynamically initializing and adjusting a 3D template and analyzing its cross correlation with the structure of interest. First, thresholding techniques are used to separate the background voxels. The structure of interest, comprising of a nodule candidate and possible attached vessels, is then extracted by excluding any part of the chest wall inside the VOI. Afterwards, the proposed segmentation method finds the core of the structure of interest, which corresponds to the nodule, analyzes its orientation and size, and initializes a 3D template accordingly. Next, The template gradually expands, with its cross correlation to the original structure of interest being computed at each step. The template is then optimized based on the analysis of the cross correlation curve. A segmentation of the nodule is first roughly obtained by doing an 'AND' operation between the optimal template and the extracted structure and then refined by a spatial reasoning method. Template parameters can be recorded and recalled in later diagnosis so that reproducibility and consistency can be achieved. Preliminary results show that segmentation results are consistent, with a mean intra-scan volume measurement deviation of 2.8% for phantom data and 8.1% for real patient data.