gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Variational principal components (1999)

One of the central issues in the use of principal component analysis (PCA) for data modelling is that of choosing the appropriate number of retained components. This problem was recently addressed through the formulation of a Bayesian treatment of PCA in terms of a probabilistic latent variable model. A central feature of this approach is that the effective dimensionality of the latent space is determined automatically as part of the Bayesian inference procedure. In common with most non-trivial Bayesian models, however, the required marginalizations are analytically intractable, and so an approximation scheme based on a local Gaussian representation of the posterior distribution was employed. In this paper we develop an alternative, variational formulation of Bayesian PCA, based on a factorial representation of the posterior distribution. This approach is computationally efficient, and unlike other approximation schemes, it maximizes a rigorous lower bound on the marginal log probability of the observed data.
Vivace (2016)

The solution of large sparse systems of linear constraints is at the base of most interactive solvers for physically-based animation of soft body dynamics. We focus on applications with hard and tight per-frame resource budgets, such as video games, where the solution of soft body dynamics needs to be computed in a few milliseconds. Linear iterative methods are preferred in these cases since they provide approximate solutions within a given error tolerance and in a short amount of time. We present a parallel randomized Gauss-Seidel method which can be effectively employed to enable the animation of 3D soft objects discretized as large and irregular triangular or tetrahedral meshes. At the beginning of each frame, we partition the set of equations governing the system using a randomized graph coloring algorithm. The unknowns in the equations belonging to the same partition are independent of each other. Then, all the equations belonging to the same partition are solved at the same time in parallel. Our algorithm runs completely on the GPU and can support changes in the constraints topology. We tested our method as a solver for soft body dynamics within the Projective Dynamics and Position Based Dynamics frameworks. We show how the algorithmic simplicity of this iterative strategy enables great numerical stability and fast convergence speed, which are essential features for physically based animations with fixed and small hard time budgets. Compared to the state of the art, we found our method to be faster and scale better while providing stabler solutions for very small time budgets.
Generalized Self-Driven AC–DC Synchronous Rectification Techniques for Single- and Multiphase Systems (2010)

This paper extends the single-phase self-driven synchronous rectification (SDSR) technique to multiphase ac–dc systems. Power MOSFETs with either voltage- or current-sensing self-driven gate drives are used to replace the diodes in the rectifier circuits. The generalized methodology allows multiphase SDSRs to be designed to replace the multiphase diode rectifiers. Unlike the traditional SR that is designed for high-frequency power converters, the SDSR proposed here can be a direct replacement of the power diode bridges for both low- and high-frequency operations. The SDSR utilizes its output dc voltage to supply power to its control circuit. No start-up control is needed because the body diodes of the power MOSFETs provide the diode rectifier for the initial start-up stage. The generalized method is demonstrated in 2-kW one-phase and three-phase SDSRs for inductive, capacitive, and resistive loads. Power loss reduction in the range of 50%–69% has been achieved for the resistive load.
A harmonic potential field approach for navigating a rigid, nonholonomic robot in a cluttered environment (2009)

701 This paper demonstrates the ability of the harmonic potential field (HPF) planning approach to generate a provably-correct, constrained, well-behaved trajectory for a rigid, nonholonomic robot (a tractor-trailer robot is not rigid) in a stationary, cluttered environment. This is accomplished using a closed loop control scheme that is inspired by model predictive control (MPC). The scheme is realized using a synchronizing signal derived from the HPF along with a procedure for inverting the process the robot is using for actuating motion. Performance proofs as well as simulation results of the suggested planner are supplied.
IPv6 global connectivity for 6LoWPAN using short ID (2011)

6LoWPAN is for IPv6 packets to be sent to and received from over IEEE 802.15.4 based networks for applications which require wireless internet connectivity at lower data rates for devices. However it is well known that the management of addresses for devices that communicate across the two dissimilar domains of IPv6 and IEEE802.15.4 is complicated. Routing itself is another problem especially between the IPv6 domain and the IEEE802.15.4 domain. IEEE802.15.4 standard packet size is 127 bytes, among which IEEE 64 bit extended addresses may be used. After an association, 16 bits are used as an unique ID in a PAN L2, Still only 102 bytes are available for payload at MAC layer. Now considering the devices need to communicate with other nodes via IPv6 domain, 256 bits of the source and destination addresses seem to be cumbersome in a limited MAC payload fields. Here we propose an IP address translation mechanism. When a device in IEEE802.15.4 domain needs to communicate with other nodes in IPv6 domain, it acquires its source ID and destination ID for source IP address and destination IP address, respectively from an IP translation-capable gateway. The device will send the packet using those ID's to the gateway, and then the gateway will translate it to normal IPv6 packet. This paper will show the detailed procedures and its performance.
Simple high-performance mechanical splice for single-mode fibers (1985)

Low-loss (<0.2-dB) single-mode fiber splicing techniques require precision (0.1-μm) electromechanical positioners to provide x and y translation for core alignment. Bonding with UV cement,1 or arc,2 or flame fusion is used for alignment retention.
Human Umbilical Cord Perivascular Cells Exhibited Enhanced Migration Capacity towards Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Comparison with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Role for Autocrine Motility Factor Receptor (2014)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Unfortunately, the incidence and mortality associated with HCC are increasing. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed and the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as carrier of therapeutic genes is emerging as a promising option. Different sources of MSCs are being studied for cell therapy and bone marrow-derived cells are the most extensively explored; however, birth associated-tissues represent a very promising source. The aim of this work was to compare the in vitro and in vivo migration capacity between bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) and human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs) towards HCC. We observed that HUCPVCs presented higher in vitro and in vivo migration towards factors released by HCC. The expression of autocrine motility factor (AMF) receptor, genes related with the availability of the receptor on the cell surface (caveolin-1 and -2) and metalloproteinase 3, induced by the receptor activation and important for cell migration, was increased in HUCPVCs. The chemotactic response towards recombinant AMF was increased in HUCPVCs compared to BM-MSCs, and its inhibition in the conditioned medium from HCC induced higher decrease in HUCPVC migration than in BM-MSC. Our results indicate that HUCPVCs could be a useful cellular source to deliver therapeutic genes to HCC.
Liquid‐Crystal Templating of Conducting Polymers (2003)

Mimicking the texture and anisotropy of the template, birefringent conducting polymer films (see picture) have been obtained by electropolymerization of 3,4-ethyldioxythiophene (EDOT) within a hexagonal lyotropic liquid crystal. Using a self-assembled template to control molecular orientation in conducting polymers could enhance electronic and optical properties.
WPI precision personnel locator system: Inertial navigation supplementation (2008)

This paper describes the latest developments in the Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) Precision Personnel Location (PPL) system. An RF-based system with inertial sensor supplementation is being developed for tracking of first responders and other personnel in indoor environments. The system assumes no existing infrastructure, no pre-characterization of the area of operation and is designed for spectral compliance and rapid deployment. The RF 3D location system has previously demonstrated sub-meter positioning accuracy of a transmitter even in difficult indoor environments with high multi-path with all receivers outside the building. However, accuracy can be severely degraded at particular locations within a building such as when a large and nearby metal panel blocks the direct path from the mobile transmitter to several receiving antennas. This paper describes the performance of our existing RF location systempsilas raw position estimate performance and how these raw position estimates may be filtered with motion constraints via the Kalman filter for improved accuracy. The paper goes on to investigate the use of inertial sensors to supplement the information from our RF position estimates, and how this information is fused together to provide improved overall system performance.
Two-color mid-infrared thermometer with a hollow glass optical fiber (1998)

We have developed a low-temperature optical-fiber-based two-color infrared thermometer. A single 700-mum-bore hollow glass optical fiber collects and transmits radiation that is then modulated and split into two paths by a reflective optical chopper. Two different thermoelectrically cooled mid-infrared HgCdZnTe photoconductors monitor the chopped signals that are recovered with lock-in amplification. With the two previously obtained blackbody calibration equations, a computer algorithm calculates the true temperature and emissivity of a target in real time, taking into account reflection of the ambient radiation field from the target surface. The small numerical aperture of the hollow glass fiber and the fast response of the detectors, together with the two-color principle, permit high spatial and temporal resolution while allowing the user to dynamically alter the fiber-to-target distance.
Novel indenoisoquinolines NSC 725776 and NSC 724998 produce persistent topoisomerase I cleavage complexes and overcome multidrug resistance (2007)

C219 Camptothecin (CPT) derivatives are effective anticancer drugs, especially against solid tumors. As camptothecins are chemically unstable and have clinical limitations, we have synthesized indenoisoquinolines as novel topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors. We presently report two indenoisoquinoline derivatives NSC 725776 and NSC 724998 that have been selected for therapeutic development. Both are potent Top1 inhibitors and induce Top1 cleavage at unique genomic positions compared to camptothecin. Consistent with Top1 poisoning, protein-linked DNA breaks were detected in cells treated with NSC 725776 and NSC 724998 at nanomolar concentrations. Those drug-induced protein-linked DNA breaks persisted longer after drug removal than those produced by CPT, topotecan or SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. Studies in human cells in culture show that NSC 725776 and NSC 724998 exert antiproliferative activity at nanomolar concentrations. Furthermore, NSC 725776 and NSC 724998 demonstrate cross-resistance in cells deficient or silenced for Top1, which is consistent with their selective Top1 targeting. Whereas topotecan and SN-38 exhibit resistance in cells overexpressing ABCG2 (MXR/BCRP), NSC 724998 (and to a lesser extent NSC 725776) showed full activity in ABCG2-overexpressing cells, indicating that the new indenoisoquinolines can overcome resistance to camptothecins. Similar to other known Top1 inhibitors, NSC 725776 and NSC 724998 treated cells show an arrest of cell cycle progression in both S and G2/M and a dependence on functional p53 for their cytotoxicity. Dose dependent histone gamma-H2AX foci formation was readily observed in cells treated with NSC 725776 and NSC 724998. These gamma-H2AX foci were detectable at pharmacologically relevant doses for up to 24 hours and thus could be used as biomarkers for clinical trials (phase 0-I).
Plasma Characterization of Hall Thruster with Active and Passive Segmented Electrodes (2002)

Non-emissive electrodes and ceramic spacers placed along the Hall thruster channel are shown to affect the plasma potential distribution and the thruster operation. These effects are associated with physical properties of the electrode material and depend on the electrode configuration, geometry and the magnetic field distribution. An emissive segmented electrode was able to maintain thruster operation by supplying an additional electron flux to sustain the plasma discharge between the anode and cathode neutralizer. These results indicate the possibility of new configurations for segmented electrode Hall thruster.
Diagnostic measurements of fuel spray dispersion (1980)

Plume shape, vaporization, droplet-size distribution, and number density of a solid-cone fuel spray were studied with both conventional and novel measurement techniques. Minor differences in spray plume shape were observed by measurements with photography, pulsed laser shadowgraphy, and in-line infrared spectroscopy. Laser Mie scattering showed the dispersion of small numbers of droplets beyond spray boundaries as determined by other measurements. A new optical method for nonintrusive, local, time-averaged measurement of vapor concentration, droplet-size distribution and number density within an axisymmetric spray is introduced. For the spray studied this method showed that vapor is confined to the spray plume and that vapor concentration and the concentration of small-diameter droplets exhibit analogous behavior.
Surface display of recombinant proteins on Escherichia coli by BclA exosporium of Bacillus anthracis (2013)

These results of this study suggest that the strategy employing the B. anthracis BclA as an anchoring motif is suitable for the display of heterologous proteins on the surface of E. coli and consequently for various biocatalytic applications as well as protein engineering.
Human scent as a biometric measurement (2005)

This paper describes an analytical determination of the chemical composition and variation of the chemicals in body odor among individuals through headspace solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS) as a possible biometric measurement. Biometrics is the technique of measuring a physical characteristic or personal trait of an individual and comparing that characteristic to a database for the purpose of identification. It is known that the human body produces odor, and that this odor is distinguishable through the use of canines. The chemical composition of an individual’s body odor is considered a physical characteristic. This paper discusses and compares the odor profiles produced from the hands as well as the armpit regions of different individuals. Chromatographic distinction among the individuals studied is shown through a combination of the relative ratios of common compounds and the presence of differing compounds.
Annulated Thienyl-Vinylene-Thienyl Building Blocks for π-Conjugated Copolymers: Ring Dimensions and Isomeric Structure Effects on π-Conjugation Length and Charge Transport (2016)

A series of annulated thienyl-vinylene-thienyl (ATVT) building blocks having varied ring sizes, isomeric structures, and substituents was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic, electrochemical, quantum chemical, and crystallographic methods. It is found that ATVT ring size and isomeric structure critically affect the planarity, structural rigidity, optical absorption, and redox properties of these new π-units. Various solubilizing substituents can be introduced on the annulated hydrocarbon fragments, preserving the ATVT planarity and redox properties. The corresponding π-conjugated copolymers comprising ATVT units and electron-deficient units were also synthesized and characterized. The solubility, redox properties, and carrier transport behavior of these copolymers also depend remarkably on the annulated ring size and the ATVT unit isomeric structure. One of the copolymers composed of an ATVT with five-membered rings (1), (E)-4,4′,5,5′-tetrahydro-6,6′-bi(cyclopenta[b]thiophenylidene), and a naphthalenediimide (NDI) unit exhibits a broad UV–vis–NIR absorption with an onset beyond 1100 nm both in solution and in the film state, and thin films exhibit n-type semiconducting properties in field-effect transistors. These results are ascribed to the extended main chain π-conjugation length and the low HOMO–LUMO bandgap. Other π-conjugated copolymers containing unit 1 also exhibit characteristic red-shifted UV–vis–NIR absorption. A diketopyrrolopyrrole-based copolymer with unit 1 serves as an electron donor material in organic photovoltaic devices, exhibiting broad-range external quantum efficiencies from the UV to beyond 1000 nm.
Polychromatic processing technique for color image transparencies (1980)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text F. T. S. Yu, T. H. Chao, and S. L. Zhuang, "Polychromatic processing technique for color image transparencies," Appl. Opt. 19, 1887-1889 (1980) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article
Computationally efficient algorithms for predicting the file size of JPEG images subject to changes of quality factor and scaling (2008)

To enable the delivery of multimedia content to mobile devices with limited capabilities, high volume transcoding servers must rely on efficient adaptation algorithms. Our objective in addressing the case of JPEG image adaptation was to find computationally efficient algorithms to accurately predict the compressed file size of images subject to simultaneous changes in quality factor (QF) and resolution. In this paper, we present two new prediction algorithms which use only information readily available from the file header. The first algorithm, QF Scaling-Aware Prediction, predicts file size based on the QF of the original picture, as well as a target QF and scaling. The second algorithm, Clustered QF Scaling-Aware Prediction, also takes into account the resolution of the original picture for improved prediction accuracy. As both algorithms rely on machine-learning strategies, a large corpus of representative JPEG images was assembled. We show that both prediction algorithms lead to acceptably small relative prediction errors in adaptation scenarios of interest.
HIGH-SPEED BODIES IN PARTIALLY CAVITATING AXISYMMETRIC FLOW (2003)

Partial cavitation of high-speed axisymmetric bodies is modeled using a steady potential-flow boundary-element technique. The effects of several key parameters defining the vehicle geometry are examined for configurations consisting of a disk cavitator followed by a conical section and ending in a cylindrical body. A single cavity is assumed to detach at the edge of the disk. A variety of conditions have been studied, including cavity closure on either the conical or cylindrical portions of the vehicle, variations in the cone angle, and variations in the radius of the cylindrical section. The results for the partially cavitating case are also compared with those for the supercavitating case.
Sequence variation and phylogenetic analysis of the 5‘ terminus of hepatitis G virus (1997)

We determined the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of the 5' terminus of the hepatitis G virus (HGV) genome from isolates of varied geographical origins. Our analysis showed that the putative 5' non-coding region (NCR) contains several blocks of highly conserved sequences that may be useful for the development of a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for detection of HGV RNA. Overall, the degree of conservation within the 669-nucleotide (nt) 5'terminal sequence was found to range from 99.5% to 86% sequence identity. We also showed that the HGV NCR from some isolates contained conserved insertions or deletions that altered the translational reading frames at the 5'-end of the genome, resulting in different sizes of predicted polyproteins encoded by genomes of individual isolates. Specifically, the insertions/deletions affected the size of the peptide preceding the putative first envelope (E1) protein. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences suggested that the isolates examined can be classified into distinct groups that may be useful for studying the molecular evolution of HGV and possible relationships between isolate sequence characteristics and infection patterns.
Optimized vinpocetine-loaded vitamin E D-&alpha;-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate-alpha lipoic acid micelles as a potential transdermal drug delivery system: in vitro and ex vivo studies (2018)

The obtained results highlighted the potentiality of VNP nanostructure-based films for controlling the transdermal permeation of the drug and improving its effectiveness.
<title>Imaging longitudinal cardiac strain on short-axis images using 3D HARP</title> (2000)

This paper presents a new method for measuring longitudinal strain of the heart using harmonic phase magnetic resonance imaging (HARP-MRI). The heart is tagged using 1-1 SPAMM at end-diastole with tagging surfaces parallel to the imaging plane. Two image sequences are acquired for a short-axis slice with two different encodings in the direction orthogonal to the imaging plane. A method to compute a sequence of longitudinal strain estimates from this data is described.
Asymmetric injection of cathodic arc plasma into a macroparticle filter (2004)

The cathodic arc plasmas produced by cathode spots usually include macroparticles, which is undesirable for many applications. A common way of removing macroparticles is to use curved solenoid filters that guide the plasma from the source to the substrate. In this work, an arc source with a relatively small cathode is used, limiting the possible locations of plasma production. The relative position of cathodic arc source and macroparticle filter was systematically varied and the filtered plasma current was recorded. It was found that axis-symmetric plasma injection lead to maximum throughput only if an anode aperture was used, which limited the plasma to near-axis flow by scraping off plasma at larger angles to the axis. When the anode aperture was removed, more plasma could enter the filter. In this case, maximum filtered ion current was achieved when the plasma was injected off-axis; namely, offset in the direction where the filter is curved. Such behavior was anticipated because the plasma column in the filter is known to be shifted by E×B and centrifugal drift as well as by non-axis-symmetric components of the magnetic field in the filter entrance and exit plane. The data have implications for plasma transport variations caused by different spot locations on cathodes that are not small compared to the filter cross section.