gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
EM-Comm (2017)

Touch-based communication offers a direct and intuitive way for users to initiate and control data transfer when using tangible and ubiquitous interfaces. However, this requires that each interactive device be instrumented with a dedicated radio transmitter, which limits many applications. While not all devices have radio hardware, all devices do emit small amounts of electromagnetic noise in the form of EMI. We argue that if properly modulated these electromagnetic emissions can be used as an untapped communication channel capable of transmitting arbitrary data. To enable this, a spread spectrum frequency shift keying modulation scheme has been developed to encode data onto the device’s EMI. When the device is touched by a user, the data encoded EMI signal travels through their body and into our custom wrist band, consisting of a single op-amp and MCU. Our results show that we are able to turn electronic primitives such as LEDs, buttons, I/O lines, LCD screens, motors and power supplies into radio transmitters capable of touch communication. Effective data rates range from 5.8Kbps to 22 bit per image depending on the primitive used. To demonstrate this new communication technique, we develop several interactive experiences where users can retrieve complex information such as the function of buttons on a device, directions embedded into a LCD screen, and simplified device pairing. Ultimately, EM-Comm enables nearly any electronic device to be turned into a touch-based radio transmitter with only a software upgrade.
Neutralizing and nonneutralizing monoclonal antibodies to the human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor alpha-chain (1993)

A panel of monoclonal antibodies was raised against the low-affinity human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) receptor alpha-chain expressed as recombinant protein on murine FDC-P1 cells. All the selected antibodies were of the IgG2A isotype and bound to protein A. They each recognized both native and recombinant receptors by indirect surface immunofluorescence and by immunoprecipitation. Several of the antibodies also recognized presumably denatured receptors as detected by immunoblotting of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Three different epitopes on the extracellular domain of the GM-CSF receptor alpha-chain were defined by these antibodies, and two of the epitopes did not appear to be involved in binding hGM-CSF or in interactions with the beta-chain of the GM-CSF receptor that are required for high-affinity binding of GM-CSF. On the other hand, the epitope recognized by antibody 2B7–17-A appeared to be critically involved in the binding of GM-CSF because this antibody completely abrogated both high- and low- affinity binding of GM-CSF to native and recombinant receptors. Antibody 2B7–17-A had a relatively high affinity for the GM-CSF receptor alpha-chain (kd = 3 nmol/L) and slow dissociation kinetics (kd = 0.002 min-1). These properties made the 2B7–17-A antibody a potent inhibitor of hGM-CSF biologic action in several different bioassays, with a half-maximal inhibitory dose of about 6 nmol/L (1 microgram/mL). This antibody could prove useful in alleviating any pathologic states mediated by excess GM-CSF levels and in defining the domains of the GM- CSF receptor required for ligand binding.
Monoclonal antibody selection and analysis of a recombinant DNA-derived surface immunogen of Treponema pallidum expressed in Escherichia coli (1986)

Monoclonal antibodies directed against a 34-kilodalton (kDa) surface immunogen of Treponema pallidum were used to select 12 unique T. pallidum DNA-containing Escherichia coli recombinant clones expressing the recombinant form of the 34-kDa immunogen. The phenotype of the clones was dependent on the presence of recombinant plasmids in the host cell. Restriction enzyme analyses and Southern hybridization of plasmid DNA demonstrated that all recombinant clones contained common DNA sequences of T. pallidum origin. Further hybridization analyses revealed that the cloned T. pallidum DNA sequences were an accurate representation of the T. pallidum genomic DNA arrangement. Purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) from pooled immune rabbit serum reacted with the clones, while IgG from pooled normal rabbit serum did not. Results of immunological experiments and Southern hybridization indicated that a similar 34-kDa immunogen was present in T. pallidum subsp. pertenue, but it was absent from four species of nonpathogenic treponemes tested, as well as from homogenates of normal rabbit testicular tissue. Metabolic labeling of the E. coli clones with [35S]methionine followed by radioimmunoprecipitation with monoclonal antibodies revealed that the 35S-labeled recombinant and 125I-labeled native (T. pallidum) forms of the antigen had identical electrophoretic mobilities. The production of a complete antigen by E. coli was independent of the orientation of the foreign gene sequence with respect to vector DNA. T. pallidum also produced an apparently identical immunoprecipitable 34-kDa antigen after metabolic labeling with [35S]methionine in the presence of cycloheximide. The apparent specificity of the 34-kDa immunogen for pathogenic treponemes and its native cell surface association on T. pallidum justifies a more intense study of this antigen and its corresponding gene.
Silicon photonic crystal fiber (2010)

Silica photonic crystal fibers are converted to silicon using magnesiothermic reduction. Silicon fibers have the advantage of having a broadband transmission window extending into the midinfrared and extremely large nonlinearity.
Non-myeloablative stem cell transplantation in newly established donor stromal microenvironment for facilitation of hematopoietic reconstitution (2004)

Following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) migrate to the hematopoietic microenvironment in bones, but the stroma remains of host origin. We hypothesized that replacement of host with donor stromal microenvironment supporting and regulating hematopoiesis may enhance engraftment and differentiation of bone marrow cells (BMC), especially in patients with myelofibrosis. Our earlier work suggested that SCT with donor stromal microenvironment modifies GVHD. We have recently documented that transplantation of BMC mixed with demineralized bone matrix (DBM) may be sufficient for formation of new bone and hematopoietic mircoenvironment. Tested in rats, implantation of DBM/BMC composite intraosseously or under the kidney capsule resulted in new bone formation containing donor hematopoietic tissue. Based on the murine data, we introduced the use of intra-osseous transplantation of DBM/BMC for patients with existing or anticipated marrow failure, such as myelofibrosis, following non-myeloablative conditioning (NST). Our 1st patient was 54 yrs old woman with RAEB-T and myeloid fibrosis, with no hematologic reconstitution following NST (fludarabine, busulfex & ATG) until week +4. Intraosseous (femora and pelvis) transplantation of DBM/BMC was accomplished with no further conditioning from the same donor, assuming the problem was engraftment failure rather than rejection. Early 3-lineage reconstitution of donor (male) cells was confirmed within one week. Currently, the patient is more than 2 years out with mild chronic GVHD, with 100 percent normal male karyotype. Bone biopsy, laser capture microdissection and PCR revealed 100 percent donor-derived blood cells, stroma and bone cells. Two additional patients underwent successful intra-osseous DBM/BMC transplantation into one femur following NST, with fast 3-lineage engraftment. Procedures were uneventful. All patients are disease free, with 100 percent donor type cells. Considering our experimental and clinical experience, intra-osseous transplantation of DBM/BMC may provide a new tool for enhancing allogeneic hematopoietic reconstitution, especially for patients with myelofibrosis.
MicroRNA29a regulates IL-33-mediated tissue remodelling in tendon disease (2015)

MicroRNA (miRNA) has the potential for cross-regulation and functional integration of discrete biological processes during complex physiological events. Utilizing the common human condition tendinopathy as a model system to explore the cross-regulation of immediate inflammation and matrix synthesis by miRNA we observed that elevated IL-33 expression is a characteristic of early tendinopathy. Using in vitro tenocyte cultures and in vivo models of tendon damage, we demonstrate that such IL-33 expression plays a pivotal role in the transition from type 1 to type 3 collagen (Col3) synthesis and thus early tendon remodelling. Both IL-33 effector function, via its decoy receptor sST2, and Col3 synthesis are regulated by miRNA29a. Downregulation of miRNA29a in human tenocytes is sufficient to induce an increase in Col3 expression. These data provide a molecular mechanism of miRNA-mediated integration of the early pathophysiologic events that facilitate tissue remodelling in human tendon after injury.
Redox Magnetohydrodynamics in a Microfluidic Channel (2006)

By adding redox species, both aqueous and nonaqueous solutions can be pumped along the length of a microfluidic channel when low voltages to produce current are applied across the channel’s breadth in the presence of a magnetic field applied across its height. Control of flow rate is possible by varying the magnitudes of the voltage and magnetic field and by changing the redox concentration. Direction is determined by the voltage polarity and magnetic field orientation. We have demonstrated a dc redox magnetohydrodynamic MHD pump in microchannels 270 m wide 640 m deep 2 cm long that were constructed from low-temperature cofired ceramics with screen-printed gold electrodes on opposing sidewalls. Redox MHD involves the generation of current between the electrodes in a solution through the oxidation/reduction of redox species in the presence of a magnetic field. When the current and magnetic fields are perpendicular, a Lorentz force results, causing fluid flow along the length of the channel. The pumping performance was investigated as a function of type and concentration of redox species, magnetic flux density, applied voltage, and time scale. Studies show bidirectional capability by changing the direction of the current. Flow velocities of up to 5.0 mm/s were observed in a solution of 0.5 M nitrobenzene NB and 0.5 M tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate TBAPF6 in acetonitrile using a 0.41 T NdFeB permanent magnet, at an applied voltage of 1.3 V vs Ag/AgCl saturated KCl approximately a potential difference of 1.2‐1.7 V between wall electrodes in the microchannel and the corresponding current enhancements caused by the increased convection were as large as 145%. Flow rates for 0.1 M NB and 0.25 M NB in 0.1 M TBAPF6 in acetonitrile were measured at three different applied voltages near the redox potential of NB. Comparisons were also made to theory. A mixture of oxidized and reduced forms of the same redox couple, instead of a single species like NB, can avoid electrode dissolution at the oxidizing electrode or bubble generation at either electrode. One example of this approach involves a solution of 0.125 M Fe
Systems pathway engineering of Corynebacterium crenatum for improved L-arginine production (2016)

L-arginine is an important amino acid in food and pharmaceutical industries. Until now, the main production method of L-arginine in China is the highly polluting keratin acid hydrolysis. The industrial level L-arginine production by microbial fermentation has become an important task. In previous work, we obtained a new L-arginine producing Corynebacterium crenatum (subspecies of Corynebacterium glutamicum) through screening and mutation breeding. In this work, we performed systems pathway engineering of C. crenatum for improved L-arginine production, involving amplification of L-arginine biosynthetic pathway flux by removal of feedback inhibition and overexpression of arginine operon; optimization of NADPH supply by modulation of metabolic flux distribution between glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway; increasing glucose consumption by strengthening the preexisting glucose transporter and exploitation of new glucose uptake system; channeling excess carbon flux from glycolysis into tricarboxylic acid cycle to alleviate the glucose overflow metabolism; redistribution of carbon flux at α-ketoglutarate metabolic node to channel more flux into L-arginine biosynthetic pathway; minimization of carbon and cofactor loss by attenuation of byproducts formation. The final strain could produce 87.3 g L(-1) L-arginine with yield up to 0.431 g L-arginine g(-1) glucose in fed-batch fermentation.
Constructing deterministic finite-state automata in recurrent neural networks (1996)

Recurrent neural networks that are trained to behave like deterministic finite-state automata (DFAs) can show deteriorating performance when tested on long strings. This deteriorating performance can be attributed to the instability of the internal representation of the learned DFA states. The use of a sigmoidel discriminant function together with the recurrent structure contribute to this instability. We prove that a simple algorithm can construct second-order recurrent neural networks with a sparse interconnection topology and sigmoidal discriminant function such that the internal DFA state representations are stable, that is, the constructed network correctly classifies strings of arbitrary length . The algorithm is based on encoding strengths of weights directly into the neural network. We derive a relationship between the weight strength and the number of DFA states for robust string classification. For a DFA with n state and m input alphabet symbols, the constructive algorithm generates a “programmed” neural network with O ( n ) neurons and O ( mn ) weights. We compare our algorithm to other methods proposed in the literature.
Blind broadband source localization and separation in miniature sensor arrays (2002)

We study the ability of a sensor array to blindly separate and localize broadband traveling waves impinging on the array, with additive sensor noise. We consider arrays smaller than the shortest wavelength in the sources, such as MEMS acoustic arrays or VLSI arrays of RF receivers. A series expansion about the center of the array of the time-delayed signals emanating from the sources reduces the problem of separating and localizing the delayed sources to that of separating instantaneous signal mixtures using conventional tools of Independent Component Analysis. The covariance of the noise in the estimated sources is expressed in terms of the covariance of the sensor noise and the angular direction of the sources. Physical simulations demonstrate separation and localization of three non-coplanar speech sources using a planar array of four sensors within a 1 mm radius.
Sparsity Enables Estimation of both Subcortical and Cortical Activity from MEG and EEG (2017)

Subcortical structures play a critical role in brain function. However, options for assessing electrophysiological activity in these structures are limited. Electromagnetic fields generated by neuronal activity in subcortical structures can be recorded non-invasively using magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG). However, these subcortical signals are much weaker than those due to cortical activity. In addition, we show here that it is difficult to resolve subcortical sources, because distributed cortical activity can explain the MEG and EEG patterns due to deep sources. We then demonstrate that if the cortical activity can be assumed to be spatially sparse, both cortical and subcortical sources can be resolved with M/EEG. Building on this insight, we develop a novel hierarchical sparse inverse solution for M/EEG. We assess the performance of this algorithm on realistic simulations and auditory evoked response data and show that thalamic and brainstem sources can be correctly estimated in the presence of cortical activity. Our analysis and method suggest new opportunities and offer practical tools for characterizing electrophysiological activity in the subcortical structures of the human brain.
Development of a Flat Surface Tire Testing Machine (1980)

A low speed continuous belt, flat surface tire testing machine has been developed to perform force and moment tests on automotive and light truck tires. The design and development of the machine are presented including discussion of machine geometry, belt tracking, belt support bearing, machine controls and the multi-axis load transducer. The specifications and capacities for the machine are also presented.
A Laboratory Study on a Capacitive Displacement Sensor as an Implant Microphone in Totally Implant Cochlear Hearing Aid Systems (2007)

A totally implant cochlear hearing aids system, integrating an implant microphone, interface electronics, a speech processor, a stimulator, and cochlear electrodes, can overcome the uncomfortable, inconvenient, and stigma problems associated with the conventional and semi-implantable hearing aids. This paper presents a laboratory feasibility study on the use of an electret condenser microphone (ECM) displacement sensor, serving as an implant microphone, and combined with a spring coupler to directly sense the umbo acoustic vibration. The umbo vibration characteristics were extracted from literature to determine the coupler and sensor requirements. A laboratory model was built to simulate the vibration source and experimentally study the transmission coefficient. Experimental data demonstrate that by using a 5 N/m stiffness spring, the umbo vibration amplitude as high as 67% can be transmitted to the sensor. Measurement of the sensor system on the temporal bone was also made. The minimum detectable sound pressure level (SPL) at 1 kHz is 41 and 67 dB for laboratory and 38 and 64 dB for temporal bone measurement for 1 and 388 Hz bandwidth, respectively. Better performance was achieved in a higher frequency. Results and analysis of this study can be used as a guideline for the future design of displacement sensors as implant microphones.
Ethanol Fermentation and Flocculation at High Temperature by Yeasts Bred f or the Fermentation of Beet Molasse (1988)

A relation between ethanol production and flocculation at high temperature was studied on J a ccharomyces cerevisiae bred for ethanol production from beet molasses. As thermal death of dispersed yeast cells was larger than that of flocculent yeast cells at 40°C and 50°C, it was suggested that the ability to flocculate was one of factors to promote ethanol production at high temperature. Fermentation test of beet molasses indicated that flocculent strain M-9 produced ethanol at the concentration of 7. 2% and 3. 2%, at 40°C and 50°C, respectively.he flocculating property of segregants of strain M-9 was destroyed by chymotrypsin digestion and was stable to incubation at 70°C. These data and tetrad analysis of a cross between a segregant of strain M-9 and FLO 1 strain or FLO 5 strain suggested that flocculation of strain M-9 was dominated by FLO 1 gene.
Modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) for high‐resolution <i>T</i><sub>1</sub> mapping of the heart (2004)

A novel pulse sequence scheme is presented that allows the measurement and mapping of myocardial T1 in vivo on a 1.5 Tesla MR system within a single breath-hold. Two major modifications of conventional Look-Locker (LL) imaging are introduced: 1) selective data acquisition, and 2) merging of data from multiple LL experiments into one data set. Each modified LL inversion recovery (MOLLI) study consisted of three successive LL inversion recovery (IR) experiments with different inversion times. We acquired images in late diastole using a single-shot steady-state free-precession (SSFP) technique, combined with sensitivity encoding to achieve a data acquisition window of < 200 ms duration. We calculated T1 using signal intensities from regions of interest and pixel by pixel. T1 accuracy at different heart rates derived from simulated ECG signals was tested in phantoms. T1 estimates showed small systematic error for T1 values from 191 to 1196 ms. In vivo T1 mapping was performed in two healthy volunteers and in one patient with acute myocardial infarction before and after administration of Gd-DTPA. T1 values for myocardium and noncardiac structures were in good agreement with values available from the literature. The region of infarction was clearly visualized. MOLLI provides high-resolution T1 maps of human myocardium in native and post-contrast situations within a single breath-hold.
Facile synthesis of codeine from thebaine (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTFacile synthesis of codeine from thebaineWilliam G. Dauben, Craig P. Baskin, and Herman C. H. A. Van RielCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1979, 44, 9, 1567–1569Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo01323a045https://doi.org/10.1021/jo01323a045research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views267Altmetric-Citations15LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Determination of boron and phosphorus in borophosphosilicate thin films on silicon substrates by capillary electrophoresis (1992)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTDetermination of boron and phosphorus in borophosphosilicate thin films on silicon substrates by capillary electrophoresisRonald A. Carpio, Rene. Mariscal, and John. WelchCite this: Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 18, 2123–2129Publication Date (Print):September 15, 1992Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 15 September 1992https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00042a017RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views112Altmetric-Citations21LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (844 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts