gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Calibration in three dimensions: optimizing a two-parameter calibration technique to extend the range of an immunoturbidimetric urinary albumin assay into antigen excess (1990)

I describe a general technique, called "two-parameter calibration," which allows precise determination of analyte from non-monotonic calibration plots and the calibration of immunoturbidimetric assays in antigen excess. Using three-dimensional calibration plots and relative-sensitivity curves, two optimal parameters may be selected from a number of possible options by using criteria presented here. Choosing two different values of delta At1-t2, the change in absorbance from time t1 to t2--as the reaction parameters in an immunoturbidimetric assay for albumin, I have optimized the choice of time interval for two-parameter calibration and extended the working range of the assay by three- to fourfold. The albumin assay shows excellent agreement of observed and expected values (r = 0.996) and also with results of a routine kinetic dye-binding method used on diluted plasma samples (r = 0.970).
Interaction of Escherichia coli  70with Core RNA Polymerase (1998)

The RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli is a large,multisubunit enzyme existing in two forms. The core enzyme, consisting of subunits β and β′ and an α-subunitdimer (Burgess 1969a,b), carries out processive transcription elongation followed by termination. When oneof a variety of sigma (σ) factors is added to core, theholoenzyme is formed. The σ-subunit confers promoterspecific DNA binding and transcription initiation capabilities to the enzyme (Burgess and Travers 1970; Helmann and Chamberlin 1988; Gross et al. 1992, 1996). σ70of E. coli was the first σ factor to be described and characterized (Burgess et al. 1969). Since then, numerous σfactors have been discovered throughout the eubacterialkingdom, including six alternative σ factors in E. coli.Each σ directs transcription initiation from a specific setof promoters to transcribe genes usually with relatedfunctions. This control of transcription is mediated partially through the competition of the individual σ factorsfor the core enzyme and is a major part of global generegulation in bacteria (Zhou and Gross 1992). Elucidationof the structural characteristics of the core RNA polymerase σ factor-binding interaction will be very beneficial in fully understanding this aspect of regulation...
GAN-based Virtual Re-Staining: A Promising Solution for Whole Slide Image Analysis (2019)

Histopathological cancer diagnosis is based on visual examination of stained tissue slides. Hematoxylin and eosin (H\&E) is a standard stain routinely employed worldwide. It is easy to acquire and cost effective, but cells and tissue components show low-contrast with varying tones of dark blue and pink, which makes difficult visual assessments, digital image analysis, and quantifications. These limitations can be overcome by IHC staining of target proteins of the tissue slide. IHC provides a selective, high-contrast imaging of cells and tissue components, but their use is largely limited by a significantly more complex laboratory processing and high cost. We proposed a conditional CycleGAN (cCGAN) network to transform the H\&E stained images into IHC stained images, facilitating virtual IHC staining on the same slide. This data-driven method requires only a limited amount of labelled data but will generate pixel level segmentation results. The proposed cCGAN model improves the original network \cite{zhu_unpaired_2017} by adding category conditions and introducing two structural loss functions, which realize a multi-subdomain translation and improve the translation accuracy as well. % need to give reasons here. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms the original method in unpaired image translation with multi-subdomains. We also explore the potential of unpaired images to image translation method applied on other histology images related tasks with different staining techniques.
The Cooperative Motility of Microtubules on Nano-Patterned Kinesin-1 Turf (2019)

The reconstituted biomolecular motor system of microtubules (MTs) propelled by kinesin motor protein in vitro has been envisioned as ideal candidate to investigate the features of coordinated behavior of self-propelled particles. Here, we have investigated the motile behavior of MTs moving on nano-patterned kinesin-1 turf. Our experimental results demonstrate that, the spatial arrangement of kinesins allows some degree of alignment among MTs during their collision, which ultimately leads to a cooperative motility regardless of any substantial influence of depleting or binding agent. The alignment and coordination of MTs are possible to tune by systematic variation of kinesin spacing.
Signal Classification Method Based on Support Vector Machine and High-Order Cumulants (2010)

In this paper, a classification method based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) is given in the digital modulation signal classification. The second, fourth and sixth order cumulants of the received signals are used as classification vectors firstly, then the kernel thought is used to map the feature vector to the high dimensional feature space and the optimum separating hyperplane is constructed in space to realize signal recognition. In order to build an effective and robust SVM classifier, the radial basis kernel function is selected, one against one or one against rest of multi-class classifier is designed, and method of parameter selection using cross- validation grid is adopted. Through the experiments it can be concluded that the classifier based on SVM has high performance and is more robust.
Narrow linewidth, 100 W cw Yb^3+-doped silica fiber laser with a point-by-point Bragg grating inscribed directly into the active core (2007)

We report on the power scaling to 103 W of a 1.1 microm continuous-wave Yb(3+)-doped silica fiber laser incorporating a point-by-point (PbP) fiber-Bragg grating inscribed directly into the active core using 800 nm femtosecond laser pulses. The spectrum of the laser exhibited a narrow linewidth that broadened to 260 pm at 103 W. The output was frequency doubled using an 11 mm long periodically poled MgO:LiNbO3 crystal to generate 2.1 W of green with an internal conversion efficiency of 10% at high power and 0.81%/W at low power.
Continuity of Turbidity Current Flow and Systematic Variations in Deep-Sea Channel Morphology (1973)

Research Article| October 01, 1973 Continuity of Turbidity Current Flow and Systematic Variations in Deep-Sea Channel Morphology PAUL D. KOMAR PAUL D. KOMAR 1School of Oceanography, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information PAUL D. KOMAR 1School of Oceanography, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Publisher: Geological Society of America First Online: 01 Jun 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2674 Print ISSN: 0016-7606 Geological Society of America GSA Bulletin (1973) 84 (10): 3329–3338. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3329:COTCFA>2.0.CO;2 Article history First Online: 01 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation PAUL D. KOMAR; Continuity of Turbidity Current Flow and Systematic Variations in Deep-Sea Channel Morphology. GSA Bulletin 1973;; 84 (10): 3329–3338. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84<3329:COTCFA>2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGSA Bulletin Search Advanced Search Abstract When a turbidity current flow decreases in velocity due to a decrease in bottom slope, the thickness of the flow must correspondingly increase to maintain continuity of discharge. This increase has been offered as a possible explanation for observed systematic increases in the relief of submarine channels along their lengths.A simplified computer model of turbidity current flow along a channel is developed which indicates that without any dilution of the flow by water entrainment, a reasonable decrease in channel-axis slope could more than double the thickness of the flow. With dilution, the thickness could easily increase by a factor four or more. The systematic increases in channel relief might therefore be explained.The approach is applied to Cascadia Channel, located off the coast of the northwest United States, to test whether reasonable amounts of flow dilution could account for the observed increase in channel relief. It is found that continuity of flow could explain much of the increase, but subsequent channel erosion (deepening and widening) has to be called upon to account for the entire increase in channel cross-sectional area. This content is PDF only. Please click on the PDF icon to access. First Page Preview Close Modal You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
Microbiota-derived acetate protects against respiratory syncytial virus infection through a GPR43-type 1 interferon response (2019)

Abstract Severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants <2 years-old. Here we describe that high-fiber diet protects mice from RSV infection. This effect was dependent on intestinal microbiota and production of acetate. Oral administration of acetate mediated interferon-β (IFN-β) response by increasing expression of interferon-stimulated genes in the lung. These effects were associated with reduction of viral load and pulmonary inflammation in RSV-infected mice. Type 1 IFN signaling via the IFN-1 receptor (IFNAR) was essential for acetate antiviral activity in pulmonary epithelial cell lines and for the acetate protective effect in RSV-infected mice. Activation of Gpr43 in pulmonary epithelial cells reduced virus-induced cytotoxicity and promoted antiviral effects through IFN-β response. The effect of acetate on RSV infection was abolished in Gpr43 − / − mice. Our findings reveal antiviral effects of acetate involving IFN-β in lung epithelial cells and engagement of GPR43 and IFNAR.
교육공무원 인사제도 혁신방안 연구 - 경기도교육청 승진제도를 중심으로 - (2017)

이 연구는 미래 학교 교육 패러다임의 변화에 발맞추어 경기도교육청 승진제도를 중심으로 인사제도 혁신 방안을 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 교원과 교육전문가로 구성된 그룹의 FGD, FGI를 진행하였으며, 인사제도의 문제점과 개선 원리를 추출하고, 인사제도 혁신방안을 도출하였다. 교육공무원 14,586명의 설문조사를 통해 개선 방안에 대한 인식 조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과, 교육경력이 많고 승진준비를 했거나 하고 있는 교원집단이 그렇지 않은 집단보다 개선방안에 반대하는 경향을 보였으나 대체적으로 긍정적인 반응이 많았다. 제시된 개선안을 단기 방안과 중장기 방안으로 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 단기 방안으로 교감 자격 면접시험의 강화와 면접 대상자 확대, 특정 지역 교감 우선 발령제, 교감 근무평정 시 온라인을 통한 동료평가 반영, 교육전문직원 직무전문성 강화를 위하여 보직형 장학사 확대, 중간평가 도입, 장학사 근속 연수 확대 등을 제시하였다. 둘째, 중·장기방안으로 교감자격증 소지자 대상 교감공모제 도입, 교사자격증 소지자 대상 교사공모제, 교사 대상 공모를 통한 교감자격연수 대상자 선발, 내부형(교사 대상) 교장공모제 제한비율 삭제 및 교육감 위임, 교장임기 4+4제(공모제 교감임기 포함, 승진 발령은 1회로 제한, 공모제 확대), 교장교감 리더십 아카데미 도입, 교원인사권한을 교육청 및 단위학교 이양 등을 제안하였다. 그러나 이 연구는 교원 중심으로 연구가 이루어진 한계를 지니고 있다. 학부모, 학생 등 교육주체들의 다양한 참여를 보장하는 방안에 관한 후속연구가 필요하다.
Direct Transport of 2',3'-Didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine (D4T) and Its Ester Derivatives to the Cerebrospinal Fluid via the Nasal Mucous Membrane in Rats. (1998)

We investigated the absorption and transport of 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine (D4T) and its ester prodrugs from the nasal cavity in rats. The absorption of D4T and its acetate (C2-D4T) was rapid and almost complete, although the hemi-succinate (Suc-D4T) was absorbed rather slowly; the plasma concentrations of the prodrug, Suc-D4T, and regenerated D4T remained unchanged throughout the experimental period (180 min). Concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following intravenous (i.v.) and intranasal (i.n.) administration were also measured. After i.n. administration, drug concentrations were higher in the fraction derived from the subarachnoid space located close to the nasal mucosa than those in the fractions located far from the nasal cavity. This difference was not found following the i.v. administration of the drugs. Following nasal administration, the intact Suc-D4T was found in the CSF at a concentration higher than that of D4T, although transport of the intact prodrug to the CSF was not observed following i.v. administration. These results suggest that direct transport of the drugs from the nasal cavity to the CSF significantly contributes to the higher concentrations in CSF of D4T and/or its ester prodrugs, and indicate the possible value of nasal administration for the treatment of patients with AIDS dementia.
The effects of pre-operative administration of CpG 7909 on dendritic and T cell subsets in the sentinel lymph node of stage I/II melanoma patients (2006)

Sluijter, B.; Molenkamp, B.; de Gruijl, T.; Wijnands, P.; Meijer, S.; van den Eertwegh, A.; Scheper, R.; van Leeuwen, P. Author Information
Effect on species diversity of plant communities caused by invasion of Alternanthera philoxeroides in different habitats (2010)

Alternanthera philoxeroides is one of the most notorious invasive weeds and has been introduced to regions with warm to subtropical humid climates worldwide.To ascertain the effect of the invasive species on plant communities in different habitats,field surveys of species diversity of plant communities and morphological traits associated with the host plant were investigated.1) The species had good growth in wetlands where the morphological traits (including stem length,leaf area and node length) of A.philoxeroides,showed a significant difference from that in other habitats (namely,road sides,cultivated land and lawn).However,there were significant differences in leaf area and node length between the disturbed habitats (road sides and cultivated land) and other habitats.The two morphological characteristics were related to adaption of the host plants to human activities and heat-drought stresses.2) Based on the sample plot survey,the variation in relative coverage,frequency and densities,showed a certain pattern in the different invaded habitats.As the important value of the species was over 60.96%,plant species diversity was reduced in communities severely invaded by A.philoxeroides.The alien invasion plant could have huge impacts on native plant communities,and management supervision should be strengthened and managed through target-oriented procedures.
Identification of the Subdomain in the Nuclear Receptor for the Hormonal Form of Vitamin D3, 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3, Vitamin D Receptor, That Is Covalently Modified by an Affinity Labeling Reagent (1997)

Multiple physiological actions of the hormonal form of vitamin D3, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), are mediated by a genomic pathway which is initiated by the highly specific recognition and binding by its cognate receptor (vitamin D receptor, VDR) in the target cells. Thus, knowledge of the three-dimensional geometries of the ligand, i.e., 1,25(OH)2D3, and the 1,25(OH)2D3-binding domain of VDR is crucial for a better understanding of diverse physiological roles of this hormone. Recently our laboratory has developed 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-3 beta-bromoacetate (1,25(OH)2 D3-3-BE) as an affinity labeling reagent for covalently modifying the hormone binding domain of native VDRs from calf thymus and rat osteosarcoma cells and baculovirus-expressed recombinant human VDR (hVDR). In the present report, we report affinity labeling of the hormone binding domain of hVDR, expressed in Escherichia coli as a glutathione S-transferase fusion partner, site-specific cleavage of the affinity-labeled VDR with 3-bromo-3-methyl-2-(2-nitrophenylmercapto)- 3H-indole, and identification of the C-terminal subdomain of human VDR containing the putative hormone binding site.
Use of Positron Emission Tomography for Response Assessment of Lymphoma: Consensus of the Imaging Subcommittee of International Harmonization Project in Lymphoma (2007)

PET after completion of therapy should be performed at least 3 weeks, and preferably at 6 to 8 weeks, after chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy, and 8 to 12 weeks after radiation or chemoradiotherapy. Visual assessment alone is adequate for interpreting PET findings as positive or negative when assessing response after completion of therapy. Mediastinal blood pool activity is recommended as the reference background activity to define PET positivity for a residual mass > or = 2 cm in greatest transverse diameter, regardless of its location. A smaller residual mass or a normal sized lymph node (ie, < or = 1 x 1 cm in diameter) should be considered positive if its activity is above that of the surrounding background. Specific criteria for defining PET positivity in the liver, spleen, lung, and bone marrow are also proposed. Use of attenuation-corrected PET is strongly encouraged. Use of PET for treatment monitoring during a course of therapy should only be done in a clinical trial or as part of a prospective registry.
Holy ghosts: the male muses of Emily and Charlotte Bronte (1990)

Writing from a feminist perspective, the author of this study describes how Charlotte and Emily Bronte transformed the meaning of the muse that inspired the Romantic poets by transforming its gender. She describes how the Bronte sisters appropriated the male muse in differing ways.
Testing Cloud Applications under Cloud-Uncertainty Performance Effects (2018)

The paradigm shift of deploying applications to the cloud has introduced both opportunities and challenges. Although clouds use elasticity to scale resource usage at runtime to help meet an application's performance requirements, developers are still challenged by unpredictable performance, little control of execution environment, and differences among cloud service providers, all while being charged for their cloud usages. Application performance stability is particularly affected by multi-tenancy in which the hardware is shared among varying applications and virtual machines. Developers porting their applications need to meet performance requirements, but testing on the cloud under the effects of performance uncertainty is difficult and expensive, due to high cloud usage costs. This paper presents a first approach to testing an application with typical inputs for how its performance will be affected by performance uncertainty, without incurring undue costs of brute force testing in the cloud. We specify cloud uncertainty testing criteria, design a test-based strategy to characterize the black box cloud's performance distributions using these testing criteria, and support execution of tests to characterize the resource usage and cloud baseline performance of the application to be deployed. Importantly, we developed a smart test oracle that estimates the application's performance with certain confidence levels using the above characterization test results and determines whether it will meet its performance requirements. We evaluated our testing approach on both the Chameleon cloud and Amazon web services; results indicate that this testing strategy shows promise as a cost-effective approach to test for performance effects of cloud uncertainty when porting an application to the cloud.
Complex-YOLO: Real-time 3D Object Detection on Point Clouds (2018)

Lidar based 3D object detection is inevitable for autonomous driving, because it directly links to environmental understanding and therefore builds the base for prediction and motion planning. The capacity of inferencing highly sparse 3D data in real-time is an ill-posed problem for lots of other application areas besides automated vehicles, e.g. augmented reality, personal robotics or industrial automation. We introduce Complex-YOLO, a state of the art real-time 3D object detection network on point clouds only. In this work, we describe a network that expands YOLOv2, a fast 2D standard object detector for RGB images, by a specific complex regression strategy to estimate multi-class 3D boxes in Cartesian space. Thus, we propose a specific Euler-Region-Proposal Network (E-RPN) to estimate the pose of the object by adding an imaginary and a real fraction to the regression network. This ends up in a closed complex space and avoids singularities, which occur by single angle estimations. The E-RPN supports to generalize well during training. Our experiments on the KITTI benchmark suite show that we outperform current leading methods for 3D object detection specifically in terms of efficiency. We achieve state of the art results for cars, pedestrians and cyclists by being more than five times faster than the fastest competitor. Further, our model is capable of estimating all eight KITTI-classes, including Vans, Trucks or sitting pedestrians simultaneously with high accuracy.
Accommodation Assisting Glasses for Presbyopia (2002)

We have considered the important functions for developing accommodation-assistance glasses which can assist eye focusing for aged person with presbyopia.We focused on keys to realize small and lightweight variable focusing lens and gaze distance detection. We devised new variable focusing lenses with control and gaze distance detection with a tunnel light path device. A prototype of glasses with devised elements was manufactured experimentally. From the result of trial use of them and experiments for evaluating characteristics,it was confirmed that proposed technologies were useful for realization of accommodation-assistance glasses.
RNA Interference for the Treatment of Cancer (2006)

RNA interference (RNAi) is the latest new technology in the field of genetic medicine in which specific genes can be turned off, or silenced, so as to affect a therapeutic outcome. It can be highly specific, works in the nanomolar range and is far more effective than the antisense approaches popular 10-15 years ago. Here we review the field and explore the potential role of RNAi in cancer therapy, highlighting recent progress and examining the hurdles that must be overcome before this promising technology is ready for clinical use.
Alterted Adipogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Photobiomodulation Using 1064 nm Laser Light (2020)

We characterized the use of NIR light exposure to modulate adipogenesis. Both the ATP and ROS levels in hMSCs responded to different energy densities. The current study is expected to contribute significantly to the growing field of PBM as well as stem cell tissue engineering by demonstrating the wavelength-dependent responses of hMSC differentiation. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Dynamic performance of microelectromechanical systems deformable mirrors for use in an active/adaptive two-photon microscope (2016)

Active optics such as deformable mirrors can be used to control both focal depth and aberrations during scanning laser microscopy. If the focal depth can be changed dynamically during scanning, then imaging of oblique surfaces becomes possible. If aberrations can be corrected dynamically during scanning, an image can be optimized throughout the field of view. Here, we characterize the speed and dynamic precision of a Boston Micromachines Corporation Multi-DM 140 element aberration correction mirror and a Revibro Optics 4-zone focus control mirror to assess suitability for use in an active and adaptive two-photon microscope. Tests for the multi-DM include both step response and sinusoidal frequency sweeps of specific Zernike modes (defocus, spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, and trefoil). We find wavefront error settling times for mode amplitude steps as large as 400 nm to be less than 52???s, with 3 dB frequencies ranging from 6.5 to 10 kHz. The Revibro Optics mirror was tested for step response only, with wavefront error settling time less than 80???s for defocus steps up to 3000 nm, and less than 45???s for spherical aberration steps up to 600 nm. These response speeds are sufficient for intrascan correction at scan rates typical of two-photon microscopy.