gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Pathophysiology of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in atherothrombosis: Cellular aspects (1999)

Elevated plasma levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLP), including very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), chylomicrons, and their remnants, are now acknowledged as risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Interactions of TGRLP with lipoprotein receptors on monocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells may be mechanistically linked to this risk. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins from hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) subjects have the abnormal ability to bind to low-denisty lipoprotein receptors via apoE, and plasma chylomicrons from all subjects bind to a new, distinct receptor for apoB48 that is expressed specifically by monocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells. Receptor binding and uptake of TGRLP by these cells are likely mechanisms involved in the formation of lipid-filled, macrophage-derived "foam cells" of atherosclerotic lesions and for defective fibrinolysis due to endothelial dysfunction. Recognition of the atherothrombogenic potential of TGRLP may lead to improved interventions to lessen or prevent the often fatal sequelae of coronary atherosclerosis and thrombosis associated with elevated plasma triglyceride levels.
Efficient indexing, browsing and retrieval of image/video content (1999)

With advances in the computer technologies and the advent of the World Wide Web, there has been an explosion in the amount and complexity of digital data being generated, stored, transmitted, analyzed, and accessed. Much of this information is multimedia in nature, including digital images, video, audio, graphics, and text data. In order to make use of this vast amount of data, efficient and effective techniques to analyze and retrieve multimedia information based on its content need to be developed. 
This thesis is dedicated to the two of the most important media types: images and videos. Novel approaches to feature analysis, content representation, indexing and retrieval are presented. 
The main contributions of this thesis axe: (i) reliable and robust feature extraction and representation techniques for images and videos; (ii) introduction of relevance feedback techniques to image retrieval, which greatly improves the retrieval performance and alleviates the user's query formulation burden; and (iii) introduction of a video hierarchical structure and construction of video Table of Contents to facilitate the video analysis and retrieval. Extensive experimental results over large test data sets have validated the proposed approaches.
Band Excitation Scanning Probe Microscopies (2010)

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques have become a mainstay of nanoscience and nanotechnology by providing easy-to-use, gentle, structural imaging and manipulation on nanometer length scales. Beyond topographic imaging, SPMs have an extremely broad range of applications in probing electrical, magnetic, and mechanical properties. Despite impressive growth in applications, the traditional approach to SPM measurements—based on detection of cantilever response to a well-defined periodic excitation at a single frequency—has remained virtually identical for almost twenty years.
Crohn's disease-associated genetic marker is seen in medically unresponsive ulcerative colitis patients and may be associated with pouch-specific complications (1999)

The Crohn's disease-associated tumor necrosis factor haplotype a2blc2d4e1 may define a subgroup of medically unresponsive patients with ulcerative colitis who are predisposed to a higher incidence of pouch-specific complications after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.
Chemical Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of <i>cis</i>- and <i>trans</i>-12,13-Cyclopropyl and 12,13-Cyclobutyl Epothilones and Related Pyridine Side Chain Analogues (2001)

The design, chemical synthesis, and biological evaluation of a series of cyclopropyl and cyclobutyl epothilone analogues (3-12, Figure 1) are described. The synthetic strategies toward these epothilones involved a Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi coupling to form the C15-C16 carbon-carbon bond, an aldol reaction to construct the C6-C7 carbon-carbon bond, and a Yamaguchi macrolactonization to complete the required skeletal framework. Biological studies with the synthesized compounds led to the identification of epothilone analogues 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, and 11 as potent tubulin polymerization promoters and cytotoxic agents with (12R,13S,15S)-cyclopropyl 5-methylpyridine epothilone A (11) as the most powerful compound whose potencies (e.g. IC(50) = 0.6 nM against the 1A9 ovarian carcinoma cell line) approach those of epothilone B. These investigations led to a number of important structure-activity relationships, including the conclusion that neither the epoxide nor the stereochemistry at C12 are essential, while the stereochemistry at both C13 and C15 are crucial for biological activity. These studies also confirmed the importance of both the cyclopropyl and 5-methylpyridine moieties in conferring potent and potentially clinically useful biological properties to the epothilone scaffold.
Network design for cylinder gas distribution (2015)

Purpose: Network design of the supply chain is an important and strategic aspect of logistics management. In this paper, we address the network design problem specific to packaged gases (cylinder) supply chain. We propose an integrated framework that allows for the determination of the optimal facility locations, the filling plant production capacities, the inventory at plants and hubs, and the number of packages to be routed in primary and secondary transportation. Design/methodology/approach: We formulate the problem as a mixed integer program and then develop a decomposition approach to solve it. We illustrate the proposed framework with numerical examples from real-life packaged gases supply chain. The results show that the decomposition approach is effective in solving a broad range of problem sizes. Findings: The main finding of this paper is that decomposing the network design problem into two sub-problems is very effective to tackle the real-life large scale network design problems occurring in cylinder gas distribution by optimizing strategic and tactical decisions and approximating the operational decisions. We also benchmark the results from the decomposition approach by solving the complete packaged gases network design model for smaller test cases. Originality/value: The main contribution of our work is that it integrates supply chain network design decisions without fixing the fillings plant locations with inventory and resource allocation decisions required at the plants. We also consider the transportation costs for the entire supply chain including the transhipment costs among different facilities by deciding the replenishment frequency.
Scalable Routing Via Greedy Embedding (2009)

We investigate the construction of greedy embeddings in polylogarithmic dimensional Euclidian spaces in order to achieve scalable routing through geographic routing. We propose a practical algorithm which uses random projection to achieve greedy forwarding on a space of dimension O(log(n)) where nodes have coordinates of size O(log(n)), thus achieving greedy forwarding using a route table at each node of polylogarithmic size with respect to the number of nodes. We further improve this algorithm by using a quasi-greedy algorithm which ensures greedy forwarding works along a path-wise construction, allowing us to further reduce the dimension of the embedding. The proposed algorithm, denoted GLoVE-U, is fully distributed and practical to implement. We evaluate the performance using extensive simulations and show that our greedy forwarding algorithm delivers low path stretch and scales properly.
Convenient and regioselective synthesis of substituted 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,4-diazepino[1,7-a]benzimidazoles (1982)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTConvenient and regioselective synthesis of substituted 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,4-diazepino[1,7-a]benzimidazolesJoel R. Huff, Stella W. King, and Walfred S. SaariCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1982, 47, 3, 582–585Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1982Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1982https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00342a046https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00342a046research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views307Altmetric-Citations3LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts
Formation of AlCuFe quasicrystalline thin films by solid state diffusion (1994)

We show that thin films 3000 Å in thickness of the icosahedral AlCuFe phase can be formed by solid state diffusion of sputtered Al, Cu, and Fe layers. As for bulk materials, we propose that the icosahedral phase grows by diffusion of the Cu in the Al3Fe layer previously formed by interdiffusion of the Al and Fe layers. These films present high resistivity values comparable to those obtained in bulk samples of high structural quality.
Two-dimensional grating-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging using Fourier transform phase retrieval (2011)

We demonstrate a single shot two-dimensional grating-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging using a synchrotron radiation source. A checkerboard designed phase grating for π phase modulation at 17 keV and 35 keV, and a lattice-shaped amplitude grating with a high aspect ratio to shield X-rays up to 35 keV were fabricated. A Fourier analysis of Moiré fringe generated by the gratings was introduced to obtain the two-dimensional differential phase-contrast image with a single exposure. The results show that soft tissues and cartilages of a chicken wing sample are clearly seen with differential phase variation in two-dimensional directions. Using this method not only the whole of an object but also only an inner part of the object can be imaged.
High performance wideband digital predistortion platform for 3G+ applications with better than 55dbc over 40 MHz bandwidth (2010)

In this paper, a hardware-software system is proposed for the wideband characterization and linearization of power amplifiers exhibiting memory effects. The designed prototype includes a signal generation and a feedback paths for applications in the 1 GHz to 2.5 GHz frequency band and supports instantaneous bandwidths of up to 60 MHz. The hardware platform is coupled with a software interface that implements the required data processing algorithms for the synthesis of the digital predistortion function. Experimental validation is carried out on a 3G power amplifier driven by an eight-carrier WCDMA signal. The digital predistortion is implemented using the twin-nonlinear two-box model with only 30 parameters and leads to a better than 55 dBc ACLR for an input signal having 40 MHz instantaneous bandwidth. To the best of the authors' knowledge this represents the best digital predistortion performances in terms of bandwidth and complexity.
Mucin‐carbohydrate directed monoclonal antibody (1987)

To raise monoclonal antibodies recognizing cancer-associated alterations of the carbohydrate structure of glycoproteins, Balb/c mice were immunized with human colonic cancer cells (LS 180 from ATCC). One of the generated hybridomas produced a monoclonal antibody that bound to the carbohydrate moiety of mucin-type glycoproteins from LS 180. The antibody did not bind to glycoproteins from another colonic cancer cell line, SW 1116, or to glycolipids from any of the colonic cancer cell lines. The antibody bound to ovine and bovine submaxillary mucins (OSM and BSM). NeuAc alpha 2----6Ga1NAc seemed to be involved in the epitope.
Approach for simultaneous measurement of two-dimensional angular distribution of charged particles: Spherical aberration correction using an ellipsoidal mesh (2005)

An approach for simultaneous measurement of two-dimensional angular distribution of charged particles is proposed. This concerns spherical aberration correction in electrostatic lenses with potential use of a mesh. In an earlier work, an effective use of a spherical mesh has succeeded to obtain a large acceptance angle limited to around 60 degrees (+/- 30 degrees). The present work is aimed at dramatically increasing acceptance angles limited in conventional lenses. For this purpose, spherical aberration behavior of mesh lenses is studied in detail using an analytical approximation and ray tracing, with particular attention paid to the effect of the mesh shape. It is shown here that the lens ability to correct spherical aberration over wide aperture angles can be effectively enhanced by the ellipsoidal deformation of a spherical mesh. We demonstrate that an effective use of an ellipsoidal mesh provides remarkable performance characteristics for electrostatic lenses, which opens new possibilities in surface and materials analysis techniques. Simple examples of ellipsoidal mesh lenses are presented that allow very wide acceptance angles of up to 120 degrees.
Identification and characterization of an inhibitor of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase against human cancer cell lines. (2003)

Recent evidence suggests that the machinery of protein synthesis may provide novel targets for anticancer drugs. For example, aberrations in protein synthesis are commonly encountered in established cancers, and disruption by mutation or overexpression of translation factors can cause cellular transformation. We previously demonstrated that the activity of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF-2) kinase was markedly increased in several forms of malignancy and that nonspecific inhibitors of this enzyme promoted cell death. On the basis of the predicted amino acid sequence of eEF-2 kinase deduced from the cloned cDNA, we hypothesized that inhibitors of prokaryotic histidine kinases might also inhibit the activity of eEF-2 kinase. We describe herein the screening of a series of imidazolium histidine kinase inhibitors and the identification of an active lead compound, NH125. NH125 inhibited eEF-2 kinase activity (IC(50) = 60 nM) in vitro, blocked the phosphorylation of eEF-2 in intact cells, and showed relative selectivity over other protein kinases: protein kinase C (IC(50) = 7.5 microM), protein kinase A (IC(50) = 80 microM), and calmodulin-dependent kinase II (IC(50) > 100 microM). NH125 decreased the viability of 10 cancer cell lines with IC(50)s ranging from 0.7 to 4.7 microM. Forced overexpression of eEF-2 kinase in a glioma cell line produced 10-fold resistance to NH125. In conclusion, these results suggest that identification of potent inhibitors of eEF-2 kinase may lead to the development of new types of anticancer drugs.
Terahertz Generation by Imaging-free Nonlinear Echelon Slab (2022)

The imaging-free nonlinear echelon slab (IFNLES) terahertz source suppresses some of the limitations of the conventional tilted pulse front setup. It enables the generation of terahertz pulses with mJ level energy.
Oxidatively Stable, Aqueous Europium(II) Complexes through Steric and Electronic Manipulation of Cryptand Coordination Chemistry (2010)

A series of cryptands has been prepared and they demonstrate the relationship between oxidative stability of aqueous EuII and ligand properties (see figure). One of these EuII complexes is more stable than FeII in hemoglobin and appears to be the most oxidatively-stable aqueous EuII species known. The high stability of EuII is expected to enable the use of the unique magnetic and optical properties of this ion in vivo.
Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to minimize the production of ethyl carbamate in wine (2006)

International audience
A new reference signal generation method for MRAM using a 90-degree rotated MTJ (2004)

A new reference signal generation method for high-density MRAM is reported. 0.4/spl times/0.8 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) elements were successfully integrated with 0.24-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. By using a 90-degree rotated MTJ as a new reference signal generator, the reference resistance could be always located in the exact midpoint between high-resistance state R/sub H/ and low-resistance state R/sub L/ regardless of applied voltage. When tested in 8/spl times/8 MTJ arrays, it is found to show good fidelity to our expectations. So it is supposed that this new method is more favorable for high-density MRAM.
A High Speed IC Truly Random Number Generator Based on Chaotic Sampling of Regular Waveform (2011)

A novel random number generation method based on chaotic sampling of regular waveform is proposed. A high speed IC truly random number generator based on this method is also presented. Simulation and experimental results, verifying the feasibility of the circuit, are given. Numerical binary data obtained according to the proposed method pass the four basic tests of FIPS-140-2, while experimental data pass the full NIST-800-22 random number test suite without post-processing.
Efficacy of a Deletion Mutant Bovine Herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) Vaccine That Allows Serologic Differentiation of Vaccinated from Naturally Infected Animals (1993)

Fifteen bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1)-negative calves were vaccinated intramuscularly with 10(7.4) plaque-forming units of a double-deletion BHV-1 mutant (IBRV(NG)dltkdlgIII), and 6 remained as nonvaccinated controls. Thirty days after vaccination, the animals were challenged by nasal instillation of 10(8.2) CCID50 of a virulent BHV-1 strain (Cooper). The vaccinated calves were protected against wildtype virus challenge as demonstrated by clinical evaluation. Most of the vaccinates developed only a mild rhinitis (lasting an average of 6.5 days) with almost no systemic symptoms, whereas the controls developed a serious illness characterized by rhinitis (mean = 11.5 days), conjunctivitis, hyperthermia, apathy, loss of appetite, and dyspnea. The vaccinates also shed significantly less virus and for a shorter period of time (mean = 5.5 days) than the controls (mean = 9 days). Thirty days after vaccination, the vaccinates were negative in an anti-gIII specific blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), despite the fact that most of them had developed neutralizing antibodies (serum neutralization titers ranging from 1:2 to 1:16). Seroconversion to gIII was detected as early as 7 days postinfection (dpi). Fourteen days after the challenge, all the animals exposed to wildtype BHV-1 had developed anti-gIII antibodies and were positive in this differential serologic test. Six controls plus 8 vaccinates kept in isolation were still positive to gIII when tested at 75 dpi. The use of the IBRV(NG)dltkdlgIII strain in conjunction with an anti-gIII specific blocking ELISA kit represents a powerful tool for BHV-1 control/eradication programs.
ACORN: A Local Customization Approach to DCVS Physical Design (1985)

Differential cascode voltage switch (DCVS) trees are high performance, high functionality CMOS circuits, which, because they have a large number of inputs and internal connections, are difficult to wire on a large scale. Wirability is substantially improved by local customization at the tree level. This paper describes a DCVS customization procedure that exploits the fact that a Boolean function has more than one physical realization. Using ACORN, an automated physical design system based on this concept, we have placed and wired several designs, the largest of which is a group of three interconnected macros comprising approximately 800 DCVS trees.
NEMO5: realistic and efficient NEGF simulations of GaN light-emitting diodes (2017)

The design and optimization of realistically extended multi-quantum-well GaN-based light emitting diodes requires a quantitative understanding of the quantum mechanics-dominated carrier flow. Typical devices can be characterized by spatial regions of extremely high carrier densities such as n-GaN/p-GaN layers and quantum wells coupled to each other by tunneling and thermionic emission-based quantum transport. This work develops a multi-scale model that partitions the device into different spatial regions where the high carrier domains are treated as reservoirs in local equilibrium and serve as injectors and receptors of carriers into the neighboring reservoirs through tunneling and thermionic emission. The nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism is used to compute the dynamics (states) and the kinetics (filling of states) in the entire extended complex device. The local density of states in the whole device is computed quantum mechanically within a multi-band tight binding Hamiltonian. The model results agree with experimental I-V curves quantitatively. Our results indicate tunneling to be a major contributor to the total charge current in LEDs.
Two-degree-of-freedom linear and planar microwave array lenses (1984)

Abstract : A new design of beamforming lens is presented. Both faces are planar arrays of microwave or millimeter wave antenna elements, interconnected by transmission lines (as in a 'bootlace' lens) whose length vary as a function of radius. While the front face elements are regularly space, the back face elements are displaced radially from their corresponding front face elements, the amount of displacement also being a function of radius. Such a lens is shown to be capable of forming low sidelobe pencil beams over a solid angle of + or - 25 deg or more by switching between clusters of only seven feed elements. Because both faces are planar, construction of extremely lightweight lenses for large-aperture and/or multiple-beam antennas is feasible. Keywords include: Microwave lens, Lens antennas, Multiple-beam antennas, Electronically scanned antenna, and Low sidelobe antennas.
Measurements for the PES Pareto method of identifying contributors to disk drive servo system errors (1997)

This is the second in a series of three papers describing a method of allocating the uncertainty in the position error signal (PES) of a magnetic disk drive servo system among its constitutive components ("noises"). Once identified and ranked, the most critical noises can be attacked first, either by finding ways of reducing them or by altering system components to be less sensitive to them. The method requires the measurement of frequency response functions and output power spectra of each servo system element. Each input noise spectrum can then be inferred and applied to the closed loop model to determine its effect on the PES uncertainty. The paper describes the techniques and measurements that were obtained as part of the PES Pareto method.