gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A family of putative MSCRAMMs from Enterococcus faecalis (2004)

The recently published Enterococcus faecalis genome [Paulsen, I. T., Banerjei, L., Myers, G. S. & 29 other authors (2003). Science 299, 2071-2074)] was examined and 41 putative cell-wall-anchored proteins were identified. Seventeen of these proteins are predicted to contain tandemly repeated immunoglobulin-like folds characteristic of the structural organization of staphylococcal adhesins of the MSCRAMM (microbial surface component recognizing adhesive matrix molecules) type. Two of the nine proteins selected for further study appear to represent cell-wall-anchored enzymes. It is proposed that the remaining seven proteins constitute a family of structurally related proteins potentially interacting with proteins of the host. This family includes the previously identified collagen/laminin-binding MSCRAMM ACE [Rich, R. L., Kreikemeyer, B., Owens, R. T., LaBrenz, S., Narayana, S. V., Weinstock, G. M., Murray, B. E. & Hook, M. (1999). J Biol Chem 274, 26939-26945]. It is further demonstrated that genes encoding the seven putative MSCRAMMs are present in all E. faecalis strains tested and these proteins appear to be expressed during infection in humans, since sera from infected individuals contain antibodies reacting with recombinant versions of the enterococcal proteins.
Temporal and spatial tuning of optical constants in praseodymium doped ceria by electrochemical means (2022)

Temporal and spatial tuning of the refractive index of optical thin films is desired for flat optics applications. The redistribution of mobile ions in mixed ionic-electronic conductors (MIEC) has been demonstrated to serve as a viable means for achieving optical tuning down to the nanoscale. Here we studied the dynamic range of the optical tuning achievable in the refractive index, in the MIEC oxide - Pr <sub><i>x</i></sub> Ce<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub> O<sub>2-<i>δ</i></sub> (PCO), for <i>x</i> = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4, at 500 °C, by <i>in-situ</i> spectrophotometry. Significant increases in the modulation of both the imaginary and real optical constants in the visible and the adjacent spectra were obtained for increased doping levels. Device employing an electrochemical titration method was implemented to modulate the oxygen concentration, and thereby the optical transmission of PCO. Incorporation of a patterned top electrode allowed for the demonstration of spatial control of PCO thin film properties by <i>in-situ</i> video imaging of the optical switching process. The electrochemically induced optical state is shown to remain non-volatile upon quenching the device to room temperature under applied bias.
Thermomechanical Characterisation of Mullite Zirconia Composites Sintered from Andalusite for High Temperature Applications (2019)

Mullite-Zirconia refractories are well known for their good resistance to corrosion and thermal shock. In this study, several mullite-zirconia composites were developed from andalusite, alumina and zircon sintered at 1600 °C for 10 hours. The samples were subjected to thermal shock carried out after heating at 1200 °C, in order to study the mechanical and thermomechanical behaviour as a function of the amount of zirconia dispersed in the mullite matrix. It appears that that the amorphous phase (SiO2), determined by X-ray diffraction, produced by the decomposition of andalusite, increases considerably with the amount of final zirconia in the composite and has a very important influence on the porosity. This amorphous phase seems also to have an important influence on the mechanical properties of the material. The characterisation of the thermomechanical behaviour (elastic properties and damage monitoring) was carried out thanks to ultrasonic techniques (US echography and Acoustic Emission). The “surprising” evolution (increase) of the Young’s modulus E of the material after being submitted to repeated thermal shocks is highlighted and explained. The acoustic emission technique carried out at high temperature and also coupled to 4-points bending tests (at room temperature) demonstrates its effectiveness for providing a better understanding of the chronology of the involved mechanisms involved at microstructural scale.
NoC synthesis flow for customized domain specific multiprocessor systems-on-chip (2005)

The growing complexity of customizable single-chip multiprocessors is requiring communication resources that can only be provided by a highly-scalable communication infrastructure. This trend is exemplified by the growing number of network-on-chip (NoC) architectures that have been proposed recently for system-on-chip (SoC) integration. Developing NoC-based systems tailored to a particular application domain is crucial for achieving high-performance, energy-efficient customized solutions. The effectiveness of this approach largely depends on the availability of an ad hoc design methodology that, starting from a high-level application specification, derives an optimized NoC configuration with respect to different design objectives and instantiates the selected application specific on-chip micronetwork. Automatic execution of these design steps is highly desirable to increase SoC design productivity. This work illustrates a complete synthesis flow, called Netchip, for customized NoC architectures, that partitions the development work into major steps (topology mapping, selection, and generation) and provides proper tools for their automatic execution (SUNMAP, xpipescompiler). The entire flow leverages the flexibility of a fully reusable and scalable network components library called xpipes, consisting of highly-parameterizable network building blocks (network interface, switches, switch-to-switch links) that are design-time tunable and composable to achieve arbitrary topologies and customized domain-specific NoC architectures. Several experimental case studies are presented In the work, showing the powerful design space exploration capabilities of the proposed methodology and tools.
Effect of Reactor Length on the Disinfection of Fluids in Taylor−Couette Photoreactor (2008)

When designing a Taylor−Couette flow ultraviolet (UV) disinfection system, the proper reactor size is obtained by balancing the diameter and height of the reactor. The disinfection level, which is based on reactor length (short and long reactors) and outside UV sources, is investigated to study the implications of reactor geometries. The experiment was performed by introducing three different sets of photon energy into the reactor from circumferential sources with different lengths. Three sets of equivalent photon energy are delivered to the system by limiting the photon exposed region and the number of sources. In addition, water-soluble caramel is used to establish the photon attenuation. The result indicated that there is no significant difference between long and short reactors with an equivalent UV-exposed region and similar flow rates. Indeed, the result shows that disinfection is strongly affected by the dosage delivered to the system. A short and wider photoreactor may yield similar disinfection levels as a tall and slender device, as long as the dosage delivered and the flow fields are similar. Thus, the reactor height and width can be sized depending on the application and other space limitations. A method is also presented to predict the mean intensity of the photoreactor with outside photon sources.
Comparative genomic hybridization reveals many new loci containing amplified genes in breast cancer (1993)

The authors have developed a powerful new technique, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), for molecular cytogenetic analysis of solid tumors. In CGH, differentially labeled total tumor DNA and normal reference DNA are allowed to compete for their binding sites in a normal metaphase spread. After immunofluorescent staining, the relative copy numbers of all regions in the tumor genome can be quantitiated with an image analysis system by measuring the intensity ratios of the two fluorochromes along the length of each chromosome. They used CGH to study gene amplification and other chromosomal changes in 16 breast cancer cell lines and 20 primary tumors. The loci undergoing amplification were highly variable from one sample to another and over 20 distinct sites were identified. Some sites correspond to locations of known oncogenes (e.g. erbb2 at 17q12 and myc at 8q24) whereas most of them (e.g. 6p22, 11p15, 17q22) are not previously known to contain amplified oncogenes. Frequent changes affecting larger chromosomal regions, such as duplications of 1q and deletions of 1p32-35, have also been found. CGH can dramatically facilitate identification of commonly altered chromosomal loci in cancer.
A new technique for producing large-area as-deposited zero-stress LPCVD polysilicon films: the MultiPoly process (2000)

Polysilicon films deposited by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) exhibit tensile or compressive residual stresses, depending on the deposition temperature. Polysilicon films composed of alternating tensile and compressive layers can display any overall stress value between those of the individual layers, including a state of zero overall residual stress, depending on the relative thickness of each layer. The residual stress gradient can be similarly controlled by the layer thicknesses and distribution. This has been demonstrated with a ten-layer near-zero stress (<10 MPa), near-zero stress gradient (/spl les/0.2 MPa//spl mu/m) polysilicon film, containing flat cantilever beams whose length-thickness ratios exceed 150. Using multilayer deposition to control the stresses and stress gradients of polysilicon films is termed the MultiPoly process.
Simple manipulator for rotating spheres (1978)

We describe a simple device for rapidly rotating a small sphere to any orientation for inspection of the surface. The ball is held between two small, flat surfaces and rolls as the surfaces are moved differentially parallel to one another.
Feedback controlled single wavelength interrogation technique for miniature all-silica EFPI fibre optic pressure sensors (2010)

This paper proposes a novel technique to stabilise the output wavelength of a tuneable laser source to operate always in the linear range of a miniature all-silica Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometric (EFPI) fibre optic pressure sensor. The technique is based on a fibre optic hybrid sensor, which consists of a miniature all-silica EFPI fibre optic pressure sensor with an incorporated in-Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG). The FBG temperature reference sensor is used as a feedback element to stabilise the output wavelength of a tuneable laser source. Therefore the novel interrogation technique allows high speed pressure measurements in high temperature environments.
Converter-Gating: A Power Efficient and Secure On-Chip Power Delivery System (2014)

Dynamic power management techniques and related voltage converter architectures are proposed to design a secure and efficient on-chip power delivery system. A new power management technique, converter-gating, that adaptively turns on and off individual stages of an interleaved switched-capacitor voltage converter based on the workload information to improve the voltage conversion efficiency is proposed. Converter-gating technique is further utilized as a countermeasure against side channel power analysis attacks by pseudo-randomly controlling the converter activity. A new method is proposed to improve the response time of the converter during transient load changes by adaptively configuring the conversion ratio of a switched capacitor voltage converter. The proposed converter is designed and verified using IBM 130 nm technology kit. The proposed system achieves 5% higher power conversion efficiency compared to conventional converters, improves the response time to transient load changes from 1.4 μs to 104 ns and reduces the correlation between the input current and load current.
High-efficiency and narrow-linewidth operation of a two-crystal β-BaB2O4 optical parametric oscillator (1989)

We report a novel, two-crystal, walkoff-compensated optical parametric oscillator design using β-BaB2O4, which significantly improves the performance of the device. The oscillator is pumped at 354.7 nm and is tunable throughout 0.42–2.3 μm with overall conversion efficiencies as high as 32%. We also report on demonstration of linewidth narrowing in the same β-BaB2O4 oscillator, obtaining linewidths as narrow as 0.3 Å.
Cu(II)-Doped Cs<sub>2</sub>SbAgCl<sub>6</sub> Double Perovskite: A Lead-Free, Low-Bandgap Material (2018)

Lead-free halide double perovskites with a generic formula of A2B′(III)B″(I)X6 (A and B are cations and X is a halide anion) are being explored as a less toxic, higher thermal- and moisture-stable alternative to well-studied lead halide perovskite (APbX3) solar energy absorbers. However, the absorption profiles of most double perovskites reported to date have larger bandgaps (>2 eV) that are poorly aligned with the solar spectrum, reducing their photoconversion efficiency. Here, we present new heterovalent paramagnetic Cu2+-doped Cs2SbAgCl6 double perovskites that exhibit dramatic shifts in their bandgaps from ∼2.6 eV (Cs2SbAgCl6, parent) to ∼1 eV (Cu2+-doped Cs2SbAgCl6). Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the Cu2+-doped polycrystalline materials indicate long-range crystallinity with nonuniform microstrain in the crystal lattice. To decode the dopant, complementary magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), are used to unravel the complex short- and medium-range structure of these novel double perovskite materials. Variable temperature 133Cs NMR spectroscopy reveals that paramagnetic Cu2+ ions are incorporated within the double perovskite material impacting the 133Cs NMR through a Fermi contact interaction. Finally, a comprehensive stress test of the material’s long-term (up to 365 days) thermal and moisture stability indicates excellent resistance to environmental exposure.
Automatic Verification of Distributed and Layered Security Policy Implementations (2008)

Abstract. Access control has long been the linchpin of intrusion prevention. Modern networked systems that are intended to be secure have a global policy, usually implicit, that specifies the overall system-level objectives with respect to access to various resources. The policy indicates both what is inadmissible, so that the intrusion attempts from within and without the network may be prevented, and what accesses must be allowed, so that the essential functionality of the system is not compromised. This policy is implemented through the configuration of myriad local devices and mechanisms, including router-based and hostbased firewalls and discretionary or mandatory OS-based access control mechanisms (e.g., SELinux). The complex interactions among these distributed and layered mechanisms can mask problems and lead to subtle errors. In this paper, we introduce a framework for performing a comprehensive security analysis of an automatically obtained snapshot of the access control policy implementation to check for compliance against a (potentially partial) specification of the global access policy. The framework has been implemented as the Access Policy Tool. APT helps to increase confidence in the efficacy of the intrusion prevention mechanisms in place by allowing for reasoning about the security policy at a high level of abstraction. We describe our analysis techniques and demonstrate their efficiency, scalability, and extensibility by using APT for a variety of test cases.
Rates and Mechanisms of Mineral Carbonation in Peridotite: Natural Processes and Recipes for Enhanced, in situ CO<sub>2</sub> Capture and Storage (2011)

Near-surface reaction of CO 2 -bearing fluids with silicate minerals in peridotite and basalt forms solid carbonate minerals. Such processes form abundant veins and travertine deposits, particularly in association with tectonically exposed mantle peridotite. This is important in the global carbon cycle, in weathering, and in understanding physical-chemical interaction during retrograde metamorphism. Enhancing the rate of such reactions is a proposed method for geologic CO 2 storage, and perhaps for direct capture of CO 2 from near-surface fluids. We review, synthesize, and extend inferences from a variety of sources. We include data from studies on natural peridotite carbonation processes, carbonation kinetics, feedback between permeability and volume change via reaction-driven cracking, and proposed methods for enhancing the rate of natural mineral carbonation via in situ processes (“at the outcrop”) rather than ex situ processes (“at the smokestack”).
Electromagnetic accelerometer (1992)

Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Fumito Komatsu, Hideo Usuki, Yuzo Oguchi; Electromagnetic accelerometer. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 1 April 1992; 91 (4): 2301. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.403635 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAcoustical Society of AmericaThe Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Force Estimation and Event Localization (FEEL) of Impacts Using Structural Vibrations (2020)

Force applied and location it occurred are of growing interest for smart buildings, particularly in the area of human activity. The ability to localize human activity through the vibrations caused by the activity on the structure has the potential to be a low-cost, privacy-respecting solution to areas of interest such as building occupancy estimations, customer flow through retail stores, and human fall detection. This paper introduces the Force Estimation and Event Localization (FEEL) Algorithm, which estimates the force of an impact that caused a structural vibration and additionally locates the location the impact occurred. The main feature of FEEL is that it does not require time synchronization like other time-of-flight techniques. FEEL was validated using the human-induced vibration benchmark data set totaling 3,500 impact events of seven different types at five different locations, and an additional 75 force hammer impacts. FEEL displayed 96.4% location accuracy and a force magnitude estimate accuracy of −2.0%±1.3% in a 99% confidence interval in the experiments.
Liquid-crystal-on-silicon-based optical add/drop multiplexer for orbital-angular-momentum-multiplexed optical links (2013)

We designed an optical add/drop multiplexer for orbital-angular-momentum (OAM)-multiplexed data links by taking advantage of the ring-shaped intensity profile of OAM beams. We demonstrated adding/dropping a single OAM beam from three multiplexed OAM beams using liquid-crystal-on-silicon-based diffraction optical elements. For multiplexed OAM beams carrying 100 Gbit/s quadrature phase-shift-keying data, a power penalty of <2 dB is observed to achieve a bit-error rate of 2.0×10(-3) for each channel of the add/drop multiplexer.
Optimal Cooperative Sensing Scheduling for energy-efficient Cognitive Radio Networks (2011)

Due to the problem of spectrum scarcity and large energy consumption in wireless communications, designing energy-efficient Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) becomes important and necessary. In this paper, we consider the problem of optimal Cooperative Sensing Scheduling (CSS) and parameter design to achieve energy efficiency in CRNs using the framework of Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP). In particular, we consider the CSS problem for a CRN with M Secondary Users (SUs) and N primary channels to determine how many SUs should be assigned to sense each channel in order to maximize the objective function that is related to energy efficiency. By assigning more SUs to sense one channel, higher sensing accuracy can be gained; however, by spreading out the SUs to sense more channels, spectrum opportunities can be better exploited. The CSS problem is formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. While such problem is generally hard and can only be solved by numerical methods with high computation complexity, in this paper we provide a detailed analysis and the analytical results provide useful and interesting insights. The optimality of the myopic CSS is proved for the case of two channels, and it is also conjectured for the general case. We also study the tradeoff between the sensing and transmission durations. In addition, the structure of the optimal sensing time that maximizes the energy efficiency objective is also analyzed, the condition for the optimality of the myopic sensing time is obtained, and the performance upper bound of the myopic policy is derived. Based on the numerical results, we show that by carefully tuning a punishment parameter, better energy efficiency can be achieved.
Metallic Glass Nanowire (2008)

Metallic glass nanowires were spontaneously created on the fracture surfaces that were produced by a conventional mechanical test. The presence of the nanowires is directly related to the one-dimensional meniscus configuration with a small viscosity at high temperatures and to the wide supercooled liquid region of the metallic glass. The electron microscopic observations demonstrate the diameters, the lengths, and the amorphous structural states, and the energy dispersive X-ray reveals the chemical components. In addition, we found that round ridges are constructed from nanotubes. The finding of amorphous nanostructures not only provides a fundamental understanding of fracture processes but also gives a new insight into nanoengineering constructions.
Ethylene Polymers,<scp>HDPE</scp> (2001)

Abstract Polyethylene (PE) is the most widely used plastic throughout the world, and high density polyethylene (HDPE) is the most widely used type of polyethylene. It was invented independently in the early 1950s in three different laboratories across the world. Commercial catalytic processes were quickly developed based on three different transition metals: chromium, molybdenum, and titanium. Today hundreds of different grades of HDPE are manufactured by several different commercial processes worldwide to meet the demands of applications too numerous to describe completely. HDPE properties can be made to vary widely for these specialized applications by manipulating its molecular structure, such as the molecular weight (MW), the MW distribution, the amount, type and placement of short‐chain branching, the end group composition, and the degree of long‐chain branching. These affect the stiffness of the polymer, the gloss or clarity, the impact, puncture and tear resistance, chemical resistance, electrical insulation properties, molding characteristics, and tensile properties. Common uses for HDPE include food packaging, bottles, bags, drums, fuel tanks and other automotive parts, pipe, film, geomembranes, toys, and filament.