gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Branched Oligopeptides Form Nanocapsules with Lipid Vesicle Characteristics (2013)

In a recent article (Gudlur et al. PLOS ONE, 2012, 7 (9) e45374), we described the special properties of a mixed branched peptide assembly in which equimolar bis(FLIVI)-K-KKKK and bis(FLIVIGSII)-K-KKKK self-associate to form bilayer delimited capsules capable of trapping solutes. These polycationic vesicle-like capsules are readily taken up by epithelial cells in culture, escape or evade the endocytic pathway, and accumulate in the perinuclear region where they persist without any apparent degradation. In this report, we examine the lipidlike properties of this system including initial assembly; solute encapsulation and washing; fusion and resizing by membrane extrusion through polycarbonate filters with defined pore sizes. The resized peptide capsules have uniform diameters in nm size ranges. Once resized, the capsules can be maintained at the new size by storing them at 4 °C. Having the ability to prepare stable uniform nanoscale capsules of desired sizes makes them potentially attractive as biocompatible delivery vehicles for various solutes/drugs.
Fluorinated Dihydroquinolines as Potent n‐NOS Inhibitors. (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
4 VIP: A Framework for Joint Dynamic Forwarding and Caching in Named Data Networks (2014)

Emerging information-centric networking architectures seek to optimally utilize both bandwidth and storage for efficient content distribution. This highlights the need for joint de-sign of traffic engineering and caching strategies, in order to optimize network performance in view of both current traf-fic loads and future traffic demands. We present a system-atic framework for joint dynamic interest request forward-ing and dynamic cache placement and eviction, within the context of the Named Data Networking (NDN) architecture. The framework employs a virtual control plane which op-erates on the user demand rate for data objects in the net-work, and an actual plane which handles Interest Packets and Data Packets. We develop distributed algorithms within the virtual plane to achieve network load balancing through dy-namic forwarding and caching, thereby maximizing the user demand rate that the NDN network can satisfy. Numerical experiments within a number of network settings demon-strate the superior performance of the resulting algorithms for the actual plane in terms of low user delay and high rate of cache hits.
Intraoperative tissue identification by mass spectrometric technologies (2016)

Mass spectrometric (MS) approaches developed for tissue identification in surgical environments are reviewed. MS Imaging (MSI) techniques enable the direct analysis of human tissue and can be used as an alternative means for margin assessment. While MSI-based approaches were demonstrated to improve the examiner-related variance of the data, the time demand and the cost of these analyses remained high. Furthermore, the necessity of MS expertise for the clinical deployment of these techniques has hindered large-scale clinical testing. The advent of ‘ambient’ MS methods contributed to the application of MSI techniques in this field, however alternative methods have been developed for the direct analysis of tissue samples without sample preparation. One group of methods employs surgical tissue manipulation for ionization while the other one uses minimally invasive probes for sampling prior to ionization. The methods are summarised and compared with regard to the information delivered, turnaround time and tissue identification performance.
DRED‐MP: Queue management with multiple levels of drop precedence (2004)

Abstract There is current interest in differentiated service architectures where packets with different priorities can share the same queue. In the case of congestion, packets marked with higher drop probability are preferentially dropped in order to make buffer room for packets marked with lower drop probability. Active queue management (AQM) based on randomized packet dropping has become a key component of this packet forwarding model. This paper extends our previously developed AQM algorithm called DRED with multiple packet drop precedence to allow for priority treatment of traffic in a network. The main advantage of using the DRED algorithm is the lower parameter configuration complexity it offers and the ease of configuration for a wide range of network conditions. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
<title>Ultrahigh-resolution multicolor colocalization of single fluorescent nanocrystals</title> (2001)

A new method for in vitro and possibly in vivo ultrahigh-resolution colocalization and distance measurement between biomolecules is described, based on semiconductor nanocrystal probes. This ruler bridges the gap between FRET and far-field (or near-field scanning optical microscope) imaging and has a dynamic range from few nanometers to tens of micrometers. The ruler is based on a stage-scanning confocal microscope that allows the simultaneous excitation and localization of the excitation point-spread-function (PSF) of various colors nanocrystals while maintaining perfect registry between the channels. Fit of the observed diffraction and photophysics-limited images of the PSFs with a two-dimensional Gaussian allows one to determine their position with nanometer accuracy. This new high-resolution tool opens new windows in various molecular, cell biology and biotechnology applications.
A 107-Gbit/s Optoelectronic Receiver Utilizing Hybrid Integration of a Photodetector and Electronic Demultiplexer (2008)

A novel 107-Gbit/s optoelectronic receiver has been designed using hybrid integration of a photodiode and electronic demultiplexer. Using an ETDM transmitter, we achieve the lowest reported required OSNR for 107-Gbit/s CSRZ-OOK, 21 dB for 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> BER and a 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">31</sup> -1pattern length. Design methodology and performance data are presented.
Optimization of Performance and Efficiency of a Coaxial Pulsed Plasma Thruster (2002)

This paper discusses performance advances of a coaxial Teflon Pulsed Plasma Thruster (PPT) designed by CU Aerospace (CUA) and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC). Geometry studies and pulse circuit analysis were completed to characterize the thruster performance. Two sets of mica capacitors with a total capacitance of 9.8 μF and 41.2 μF, respectively, were tested. The central electrode was tested using varying materials to investigate the effect of anode erosion on thruster performance. Nearly 70,000 pulses were performed on this thruster with a variety of energy and power inputs. The final configuration has a thrust of 2.0 mN, an Isp of 1315 s and operates in a predominantly electromagnetic mode (65% of the total thrust), at a thruster efficiency of 15%. A plasma flow model predicts that the exhaust stream is 33% ionized, with the fast ions carrying 75% of the exhaust kinetic energy at 24 km/s.
Targeting concatenated HIV antigens to human CD40 expands a broad repertoire of multifunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (2013)

Our data demonstrate the therapeutic potential of this CD40-targeting HIV candidate vaccine in inducing a broad repertoire of multifunctional T cells in patients.
Purification and characterization of recombinant plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 from Escherichia coli. (1990)

A recombinant form of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (rPAI-1) has been purified from lysates of pCE1200, a bacterial expression vector containing the full length PAI-1 gene, by utilizing sequential anion exchange and cation exchange chromatography on Q-Sepharose and S-Sepharose columns. Approximately 140 mg of rPAI-1, estimated at 98% purity on the basis of analytical high performance liquid chromatography, could be obtained from 200 g wet weight of cells. The purified protein exhibited a single Coomassie Blue-stainable band at the region of Mr = 42,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and an NH2-terminal amino acid sequence consistent with the expected translation product of the pCE1200 PAI-1 insert. The rPAI-1 rapidly inhibited single- and two-chain tissue plasminogen activators, as well as urokinase, with apparent second order rate constants in the range of 2-5 x 10(7) M-1 s-1. A specific activity measurement of 250,000 units/mg was calculated for the rPAI-1 based on its ability to inhibit the enzymatic activity of a single-chain tissue plasminogen activator. Stability studies showed that the activity of the rPAI-1 was very stable when stored at temperatures of 25 degrees C or lower, but decayed within hours when stored at 37 degrees C. Sodium dodecyl sulfate treatment, which partially activates the latent form of natural PAI-1, inactivated rPAI-1. These results show that the purified rPAI-1 produced from pCE1200 displays many of the properties associated with the biologically active form of natural PAI-1.
Photonic crystal microcavities for strong coupling between an atom and the cavity field (2002)

We have demonstrated theoretically that photonic crystal (PC) cavities can be designed for strong interaction with atoms trapped in one of the PC holes. At present, we are working on further optimization of the design and the characterization of fabricated structures.
DeepTumor: Framework for Brain MR Image Classification, Segmentation and Tumor Detection (2022)

The proper segmentation of the brain tumor from the image is important for both patients and medical personnel due to the sensitivity of the human brain. Operation intervention would require doctors to be extremely cautious and precise to target the brain's required portion. Furthermore, the segmentation process is also important for multi-class tumor classification. This work primarily concentrated on making a contribution in three main areas of brain MR Image processing for classification and segmentation which are: Brain MR image classification, tumor region segmentation and tumor classification. A framework named DeepTumor is presented for the multistage-multiclass Glioma Tumor classification into four classes; Edema, Necrosis, Enhancing and Non-enhancing. For the brain MR image binary classification (Tumorous and Non-tumorous), two deep Convolutional Neural Network) CNN models were proposed for brain MR image classification; 9-layer model with a total of 217,954 trainable parameters and an improved 10-layer model with a total of 80,243 trainable parameters. In the second stage, an enhanced Fuzzy C-means (FCM) based technique is proposed for the tumor segmentation in brain MR images. In the final stage, an enhanced CNN model 3 with 11 hidden layers and a total of 241,624 trainable parameters was proposed for the classification of the segmented tumor region into four Glioma Tumor classes. The experiments are performed using the BraTS MRI dataset. The experimental results of the proposed CNN models for binary classification and multiclass tumor classification are compared with the existing CNN models such as LeNet, AlexNet and GoogleNet as well as with the latest literature.
A 2π interpolative algorithm for helical computed tomography (2002)

The projection set in a helical computed tomography scan is inherently incomplete and inconsistent. This is caused by the constant patient translation during the data acquisition process. We present an interpolative algorithm using the projections acquired within 2/spl pi/ view angle. We compare the image quality of this algorithm with one of the best helical reconstruction algorithms available today and demonstrate its superior performance.
Development of Air lubrication system and verification by the full scale ship test (2010)

In late years, a demand for the carbon dioxide discharge reduction from a ship and the reduction of the operation cost has been risen more and more. According to these backgrounds, the authors are grappling with establishment of the frictional resistance reduction technology of the ship by means of the air lubrication methods. In the present paper, we carried out confirmation of the air blow condition with a mock-up examination, examination at the wharf, and the numerical computation for investigation of the valve opening rate when air lubrication method is applied to large shallow water ship. After that, we confirmed the energy saving though sea trial test. When the ship was in a horizontal state we confirmed that air was blown uniformly from each small hole, by means of mock-up examination and full-scale examination by use of actual ship at wharf. In addition, through the wharf examination, we confirmed that air was almost uniformly distributed to each branch piping in heeling condition under adequate valve opening. The analytical result of the distribution of flow rate by use of MelTHERFY almost coincides with the estimated flow rate in the heeling condition. Therefore, this method is effective as an analytical technique. Thereafter, when we used air lubrication system at the speed trial test, we confirm an energy saving effect of 12% at the maximum, and the fuel consumption is reduced at the same time.
Abstract 11768: Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Serum Levels of Selenoprotein P in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2019)

Background: Selenoprotein P (SeP) is a glycoprotein secreted mainly from hepatocytes and other various kinds of cells including pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) to maintain cellular me...
Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Imaging of Chiral Crystals (2009)

All chiral crystals are symmetry-allowed for second-harmonic generation, providing a sensitive and selective detection approach for characterizing protein crystals and crystals of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Methods and applications are described.
Transmitter Techniques for Multi-Carrier On-Off Keying (2019)

The IEEE 802.11ba Task Group is developing a wake-up radio standard which introduces a physical layer based on a signalling technique named Multi-Carrier On-Off Keying. This form of modulation is a hybrid between Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing and On-Off Keying. It brings in both new challenges and possibilities. In this paper we present novel transmitter techniques that improve the performance, either by addressing some shortcomings or by exploiting some of the unique characteristics of Multi-Carrier On-Off Keying.
<title>New digital detector for projection radiography</title> (1995)

The operational principle of a new, patented digital radiographic system using a multi-layer structure consisting of a thin-film pixel array, selenium x-ray photoconductor, dielectric layer and top electrode is described. Under an applied electric field, a diagnostic x-ray signal is obtained by the direct conversion of x-ray energy to electron-hole pairs which are collected as electrical charges by individual storage capacitor associated with each pixel element. The electronic readout sequence is initiated immediately after the x-ray exposure, and in several seconds, the image data is available for display on a video monitor, for data storage, data transmission, and hard copy generation. Signal strength of this direct conversion method is estimated to be significantly higher than that of other indirect conversion methods where light is first generated using a scintillator or phosphor and then detected by charge-coupled devices (CCDs) or thin-film-transistor (TFT) arrays in conjunction with photodiodes. In addition, since charges generated by x-ray photons move mostly along the direction of the bias electric field, images of very high spatial resolution can be obtained. The resolution limits are principally defined by the smallest pixel that can be manufactured. Recent x-ray images obtained from experimental detector panels are presented. X-ray sensitivity, dynamic range, signal-to-noise ratio, and spatial resolution are discussed.
Abstract LB-252: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 dysregulate anti-tumor immunity (2014)

Abstract Background: Cancer cells, including melanoma, can be highly resistant to traditional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As a result, a lot of effort has been put into developing immune therapies to treat cancer patients. The main barrier to design effective immunotherapies is the immunosuppression induced by the tumor. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is over-expressed in most cancers including melanoma, and its expression is associated with increased dissemination and poorer survival/prognosis. Here, we not only uncovered an immunosuppressive role of MMP-2 in inducing ineffective/detrimental TH2 immune responses, but also the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Human dendritic cells (DCs) were cultured in the presence of MMP-2 and/or various TLR agonists. DCs responses were monitored using immunostaining, ELISA or cytometric bead array methods. Autologous CD4+ T cells were stimulated using these conditioned tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-pulsed DCs. TAA-specific CD4+ T cells were cloned and characterized using mainly the same techniques as for DCs. Results: Here we showed that MMP-2-conditioned human DCs primed naïve CD4+ T cells to differentiate into an inflammatory TH2 phenotype, i.e. mainly secreting TNFα, IL-4 and IL-13 and expressing GATA3. Accordingly, we detected MMP-2-specific CD4+ T cells displaying the same inflammatory TH2 profile in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from melanoma patients. Patients displaying such responses tended to have a poorer survival outcome. We revealed the underlying mechanisms for these T cell skewing: on the one hand, MMP-2 was found to degrade the type-I IFN receptor IFNAR1, thereby preventing STAT1 phosphorylation, which is necessary for IL-12 production. On the other hand, MMP-2 triggers the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 on DCs, which leads to NF-κB activation and OX40L expression. Both lack of IL-12 and over-expression of OX40L were found responsible for skewing T cell responses towards a detrimental TH2 phenotype. Conclusions: MMP-2, therefore, acts as an endogenous TH2 “conditioner” and may underlie the prevalence of detrimental TH2 responses in cancer. Our findings also described the responsible MMP-2-dependent mechanisms, which open the way to novel therapeutic strategies and/or targets to skew anti-tumor CD4+ T cell responses towards a more efficient anti-tumor TH1 phenotype to treat cancer patients. Citation Format: Emmanuelle Godefroy, Anne Gallois, Juliana Idoyaga, Francine Jotereau, Nina Bhardwaj. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 dysregulate anti-tumor immunity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-252. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-252
Geo-popularity assisted optimized transcoding for large scale adaptive streaming (2018)

HTTP-based video streaming techniques have now been widely deployed to deliver video streams over communication networks. With these techniques, a video player can dynamically select a video stream from a set of pre-encoded representations of the video source based on its available bandwidth and viewport size. The bitrates of the encoded representations thus determine the video quality presented to viewers and also the averaged streaming bitrate which is highly related to streaming cost for massive video streaming platforms. Our work minimizes the average streaming bitrate on a per-chunk basis by modeling the probability that a player observes a particular representation. Since popularity of videos is regional, this paper exploits a further optimization that uses regional statistics of client bandwidth and viewport instead of the global statistics. Simulation results demonstrate that using regional statistics reduces streaming cost for low-bandwidth regions while improving the delivered quality for high-bandwidth regions compared to a baseline configuration that uses global statistics.
Common Mode EMI Noise Suppression for Bridgeless PFC Converters (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> The goal of this paper is to study the possibility of minimizing common mode (CM) noise emission in bridgeless power factor correction (PFC) converters. Two approaches are proposed. In the first approach, the bridgeless PFC is modified to achieve symmetry. A CM noise model for symmetric topology is derived and the conditions for symmetry are summarized. Parasitics critical to the symmetrical condition are studied and carefully controlled. As a result, CM noise can be minimized with good cancellation. The second approach is to introduce a balance technique to bridgeless PFC converters. The topology is modified so that the balance technique can be applied so as to minimize CM noise. Experimental results validate that both approaches can greatly reduce CM noise up to 30 dB<formula> <tex>$\mu$</tex></formula>V. The two approaches are compared in terms of both its effects on CM noise and their implementations. </para>
Pink Flower Color Associated with Increased Protein and Seed Size in Soybean (1993)

Most soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars and plant introductions have either purple ( Wl ) or white ( wl ) flowers. Pink ( wp ) flower color results when the homozygous wp alleles are combined with Wl . This study was conducted to determine the effect of pink flower color on agronomic traits in soybean. Pink and near‐isogenic purple‐flowered lines were derived from an F 4 plant. Seven homozygous pink‐flowered, three homozygous purple‐flowered, and two lines segregating for pink and purple flower color were evaluated at three locations in Illinois for 2 yr. When pink‐flowered lines were compared to purple‐flowered lines no differences were found for yield, maturity, height, lodging, or seed quality, while significant (P < 0.05) differences were found for seed weight, protein, and oil concentration. Pinkflowered lines averaged 22% higher in seed weight, 4% higher in protein, and 3% lower in oil compared to the purple‐flowered lines. The pink flower trait represents unique germplasm in soybean that can be used in the development of high yielding cultivars with increased seed protein.
Phase-Discriminating Capacitive Sensor System (1993)

Crosstalk eliminated by maintaining voltages on all electrodes at same amplitude, phase, and frequency. Each output feedback-derived control voltage, change of which indicates proximity-induced change in capacitance of associated sensing electrode. Sensors placed close together, enabling imaging of sort. Images and/or output voltages used to guide robots in proximity to various objects.
Toward High-Yield 3D Self-Alignment of Flip-Chip Assemblies via Solder Surface Tension (2016)

Flip-chip assembly with self-alignment down to sub-micron accuracy opens the door for low-cost assembly of micro-photonic chips. The surface tension of melted solder can be used to bring chips into alignment. The use of lithographically defined mechanical structures to stop the solder induced movement provides sub-micron alignment accuracy. However, several factors can impact the solder re-alignment yield. In this paper, we investigate the various yield limiting contributors and show that sensitivity to solder volume is the dominating factor. Variation in the amount of solder strongly impacts the lateral and vertical force induced by the solder, resulting in two small a process window for manufacturability. We show through models and experiments a design-based solution that dramatically improves the process window and yield. By the addition of local solder "reservoirs" we create a self-balanced system to improve solder plating tolerances from just a few percent to nearly a factor of two.