gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
NiSe<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles Encapsulated in N-Doped Carbon Matrix Derived from a One-Dimensional Ni-MOF: An Efficient and Sustained Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2022)

The spherical-type NiSe<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles encapsulated in a N-doped carbon (NC) matrix (NiSe<sub>2</sub>-<i>T</i>@NC, temperature (<i>T</i>) = 400-800 °C) are derived from a 1D Ni-MOF precursor of the formula [Ni(BPY)(DDE)] [(BPY = 2,2'-bipyridyl), (DDE = 4,4'-dicarboxy diphenyl ether)] via a facile solvothermal technique followed by annealing at different temperatures and selenylation strategies. The combined effect of a NC matrix and the Ni nanoparticles has been optimized during varied annealing processes with subsequent selenylation, leading to the formation of the series NiSe<sub>2</sub>-400@NC, NiSe<sub>2</sub>-500@NC, NiSe<sub>2</sub>-600@NC, NiSe<sub>2</sub>-700@NC, and NiSe<sub>2</sub>-800@NC, respectively. The variation of annealing temperature plays a vital role in optimizing the catalytic behavior of the NiSe<sub>2</sub>-<i>T</i>@NCs. Among different high-temperature annealed products, NiSe<sub>2</sub>-600@NC shows superior electrocatalytic performance because of the unique spherical-type morphology and higher specific surface area (57.95 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>-1</sup>) that provides a large number of electrochemical active sites. The synthesized material exhibits a lower overpotential of 196 mV to deliver 10 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> current density, a small Tafel slope of 45 mV dec<sup>-1</sup> for better surface kinetics, and outstanding durability in an acidic solution, respectively. Consequently, the post stability study of the used electrocatalyst gives insight into surface phase analysis. Therefore, we presume that the synthesized 1D MOF precursor derived NiSe<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles encapsulated in a NC matrix has excellent potential to replace the noble-metal-based electrocatalyst for enhanced hydrogen evolution through simple water electrolysis.
Six month clinical evaluation of a biomimetic hydrogel contact lens. (1997)

The results of this study have confirmed the viability of biomimetic PC-hydrogels in contact lens applications. In vivo and in vitro analyses tended to confirm that Omafilcon A has a number of superior material attributes, as compared to conventional hydrogels when used in contact lens applications.
Applying logistic regression to maintenance data to establish inspection intervals (2002)

As budgets are decreasing, it is imperative to select maintenance inspection interval lengths that minimize costs without risk of compromising safety or operational effectiveness issues. However, the data required are not always available or conducive to standard analytic techniques. This paper discusses the application of logistic regression to existing maintenance inspection data to establish inspection intervals. Logistic regression response variables are binary or go/no-go, variables which do not lend themselves to analysis with traditional methods. This paper presents the methodology along with pertinent results.
Platelet‐Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase Activity in Bovine Seminal Plasma (1993)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent signaling molecule that has been detected in mammalian sperm from several species. The biological function of sperm-derived PAF and mechanisms controlling its production have not been clearly defined. In the remodeling pathway for PAF biosynthesis, PAF is produced by phospholipase A2 hydrolysis of 1-O-alkyl phospholipids followed by acetylation by PAF acetyltransferase. PAF is inactivated by PAF acetylhydrolase. PAF acetylhydrolase activity has been detected recently in human seminal plasma, where it may play a role in regulating PAF production or content by sperm. The purpose of this study was to measure and partially characterize PAF acetylhydrolase in bovine seminal plasma. Acetylhydrolase activity was detected in seminal plasma, was linear with time and protein concentration, and had a specific activity of 122 nmol/minute/mg protein. The enzyme was cation independent and was not inhibited by phosphatidylcholine but was inhibited by p-bromophenacylbromide and partially inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride. Very little acetylhydrolase activity was detected in caudal epididymal fluid or caudal epididymal sperm. Enzyme activity associated with ejaculated sperm was largely removed by their centrifugation through Percoll and subsequent washing. These results demonstrate very high PAF acetylhydrolase activity in bovine seminal plasma. The enzyme appears to be of accessory gland origin and has properties similar to those of the enzyme from other sources.
Magnetic Biosensing System (2015)

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. May 2015. Major: Electrical/Computer Engineering. Advisor: Jian-Ping Wang. 1 computer file (PDF); xi, 137 pages.
Effectiveness and Safety of Low‐Dose Pravastatin and Squalene, Alone and in Combination, in Elderly Patients with Hypercholesterolemia (1996)

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of low-dose (10 mg) prevastatin and squalene (860 mg), either alone or in combination therapy, with placebo in the treatment of elderly patients with hypercholesterolemia. Ambulatory elderly patients (N = 102) were assigned in randomized fashion to receive active treatment or placebo for 20 weeks after a single-blind placebo lead-in period of 8 weeks. Total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in plasma were at least 250 mg/dL and less than 300 mg/dL, respectively. Concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins were measured, and clinical laboratory tests included liver function and creatine kinase determinations. Pravastatin 10 mg daily was more effective than squalene in reducing total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides and in increasing levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Combination therapy significantly reduced total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and increased HDL cholesterol to a greater extent than either drug alone. Adverse events and clinical laboratory abnormalities were generally mild and transient in all groups, and all but two patients finished the study. The incidence of side effects was low; myopathy did not occur. Coadministration of pravastatin and squalene combined the specific effects of the two drugs on lipoprotein concentrations. This combination may be useful and more cost-effective in elderly patients with hypercholesterolemia, who might have a higher incidence of side effects when using larger doses of pravastatin alone.
Sensory Qualities Point to Different Structural and Functional Skin Patterns in Chronic Pruritus Patients. A Translational Explorative Study (2019)

Chronic pruritus (CP) is often accompanied by paresthetic sensations like warmth, burning and stinging. The aim of this study was to analyze, whether divergent sensations are linked to structural and functional skin alterations in clinically diagnosed CP patients. Clinical responses to capsaicin, histamine, and to thermal and mechanical stimulation, intraepidermal nerve fiber density, and epidermal expression of transient receptor potential (TRP)-channels were investigated in healthy controls, and in CP patients, reporting either warmth (CP-W) or neuropathic sensations (CP-N). In CP-W, pinprick hyperalgesia and increased sensitivity to capsaicin were aligned with increased epidermal TRPV1 expression, while smaller histamine axon reflex erythema matched with significantly reduced intraepidermal nerve fiber density. CP-N showed earlier onset of sensations after capsaicin stimulation, significantly increased warmth detection threshold, and higher epidermal expression of TRPV4 compared to healthy controls. The present study contributes to the neurobiological understanding of the divergence of sensory sensations in CP, indicating new treatment targets.
MAD-CT-2 Identified as a Novel Melanoma Cancer-testis Antigen Using Phage Immunoblot Analysis (2007)

One focus in the field of tumor immunology is the identification of cancer-specific antigens that might be exploited as therapeutic targets or as immunologic diagnostic markers. Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are of particular interest as potential target antigens given that their expression is typically restricted to germ cells among normal tissues, but aberrantly expressed in multiple tumor types. In the current report, we sought to evaluate serum antibody immune responses to a defined panel of CTA from multiple antigen families to identify potential tumor-specific antigens that could potentially serve as candidate target antigens for immunotherapy or diagnostic purposes. This was conducted by screening sera from male patients with metastatic melanoma (n=44) and volunteer blood donors (n=50) against a panel of λ phage-encoded CTA. We found that IgG antibody responses occurred in 39% of patients with melanoma to at least one of these antigens compared with 4% of controls (P<0.001). We found antibody responses to one antigen, MAD-CT-2, occurred in 27% of patients compared with 0/50 controls (P<0.0001). These findings, along with the demonstration that MAD-CT-2 is expressed in melanoma cell lines, identified MAD-CT-2 as a novel melanoma CTA.
Integrated continuous-time filter with amplitude detection tuning (2003)

A continuous-time fifth-order Chebyshev lowpass filter integrated in a 3- mu m double-metal CMOS process is described. The filter incorporates an on-chip tuning circuit based on an amplitude detection scheme. The filter cutoff frequency can be tuned in the range of 8-32 kHz. The circuit requires a +or-2.5-V power supply and occupies a die area of about 4.5 mm*1.13 mm.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Power flow control and power flow studies for systems with FACTS devices (1998)

In this paper, the modeling of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices for power flow studies and the role of that modeling in the study of FACTS devices for power flow control are discussed. FACTS devices are solid-state power converters that have the capability of control of various electrical parameters in transmission circuits. A number of power flow study programs were developed in order to model various types of FACTS devices. Three main generic types of FACTS devices are suggested and the integration of those devices into power flow studies, studies relating to wheeling and interchange power flow control are illustrated.
Alternative Pathway for the Reaction Catalyzed by DNA Dealkylase AlkB from Ab Initio QM/MM Calculations (2014)

AlkB is the title enzyme of a family of DNA dealkylases that catalyze the direct oxidative dealkylation of nucleobases. The conventional mechanism for the dealkylation of N<sup>1</sup>-methyl adenine (1-meA) catalyzed by AlkB after the formation of Fe<sup>IV</sup>-oxo is comprised by a reorientation of the oxo moiety, hydrogen abstraction, OH rebound from the Fe atom to the methyl adduct, and the dissociation of the resulting methoxide to obtain the repaired adenine base and formaldehyde. An alternative pathway with hydroxide as a ligand bound to the iron atom is proposed and investigated by QM/MM simulations. The results show OH<sup>-</sup> has a small impact on the barriers for the hydrogen abstraction and OH rebound steps. The effects of the enzyme and the OH<sup>-</sup> ligand on the hydrogen abstraction by the Fe<sup>IV</sup>-oxo moiety are discussed in detail. The new OH rebound step is coupled with a proton transfer to the OH<sup>-</sup> ligand and results in a novel zwitterion intermediate. This zwitterion structure can also be characterized as Fe-O-C complex and facilitates the formation of formaldehyde. In contrast, for the pathway with H<sub>2</sub>O bound to iron, the hydroxyl product of the OH rebound step first needs to unbind from the metal center before transferring a proton to Glu136 or other residue/substrate. The consistency between our theoretical results and experimental findings is discussed. This study provides new insights into the oxidative repair mechanism of DNA repair by nonheme Fe<sup>II</sup> and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) dependent dioxygenases and a possible explanation for the substrate preference of AlkB.
Analysis of reorganization overhead in log-structured file systems (2002)

In a log-structured file system (LFS), in general each block written to disk causes another disk block to become invalid data, resulting in one block of free space. Over time free disk space becomes highly fragmented, and a high level of dynamic reorganization may be required to coalesce free blocks into physically contiguous areas that subsequently can be used for logs. By consuming available disk bandwidth, this reorganization can degrade system performance. In a segmented disk LFS organization, the copy-and-compact reorganization method reads entire segments and then writes back all valid blocks. Other methods, suggested by earlier work on reduction of storage fragmentation for non-LFS disks, may access far fewer blocks (at the cost of increased CPU time). An analytic model is used to evaluate the effects on available disk bandwidth of dynamic reorganization, as a function of the read/write ratio, storage utilization, and degree of data movement required by dynamic reorganization for steady-state operation. It is shown that decreasing reorganization overhead can have dramatic effects on available disk bandwidth.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A Web Based Wireless Order Management Application (2001)

The Wireless Industry finds itself under significant economic pressure on both margins and revenue. competition and recent 3G network investments demand new revenues streams.This further increases the pressure on network operators to deploy faster andmore cost effective operations support solutions.The electronic customer contract management system (eccm) application is a software platform that tackles thisbusiness challenge at three levels:1. It delivers software functionality in the context of baslined operations processes using faster cycle times (e.g., one software release per week or faster),2. It provides center management the tools required to professionally manage center resources and to facilitate enhancements to the center's process maturity level.3. It provides the organization the option to selectively deploy a teleworker-based operation that reduces cost, and increases productivity while significantly improving employee's quality of life.
Oxygenation of head and neck tumors (1993)

Very low pO2 values, corresponding to radiobiologic hypoxia, were found in most of these tumors. The prognostic value of these pO2 measurements in regard to treatment response remains to be demonstrated.
JSON encryption (2014)

JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is a lightweight data-interchange format. It is easy for humans to read and write. It has a data format that is inter-changeable with a programming languages built-in data structures that eliminates translation time and reduces complexity and processing time. Moreover, JSON has the same strengths of XML. Therefore, it's better to shift form XML security to JSON security. In this paper, we will present how to shift from XML encryption to JSON encryption.
Reactive Nitrogen Species and Cell Signaling: Implications for Death or Survival of Lung Epithelium (2002)

Reactive nitrogen species such as nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and nitrogen dioxide have been implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammatory lung diseases. Yet, the molecular mechanisms and cell signaling events responsible for cellular injury remain to be elucidated. Two major signaling pathways, co-ordinately regulated and responsible for cell survival and cell death, involve nuclear factor kappa B and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase, respectively. A review of these pathways, their modes of action, and their importance in executing oxidative stress responses in lung epithelial cells are discussed.
Image reconstruction and scan configurations enabled by optimization-based algorithms in multispectral CT (2017)

Optimization-based algorithms for image reconstruction in multispectral (or photon-counting) computed tomography (MCT) remains a topic of active research. The challenge of optimization-based image reconstruction in MCT stems from the inherently non-linear data model that can lead to a non-convex optimization program for which no mathematically exact solver seems to exist for achieving globally optimal solutions. In this work, based upon a non-linear data model, we design a non-convex optimization program, derive its first-order-optimality conditions, and propose an algorithm to solve the program for image reconstruction in MCT. In addition to consideration of image reconstruction for the standard scan configuration, the emphasis is on investigating the algorithm's potential for enabling non-standard scan configurations with no or minimum hardware modification to existing CT systems, which has potential practical implications for lowered hardware cost, enhanced scanning flexibility, and reduced imaging dose/time in MCT. Numerical studies are carried out for verification of the algorithm and its implementation, and for a preliminary demonstration and characterization of the algorithm in reconstructing images and in enabling non-standard configurations with varying scanning angular range and/or x-ray illumination coverage in MCT.
Fatigue life characterization of shape memory alloys undergoing thermomechanical cyclic loading (2003)

This paper presents a study on the fatigue life of shape memory alloy actuators undergoing thermally induced martensitic phase transformation under various stress levels. A microstructural study characterizing specific damage patterns is conducted in the current work. A highly stressed state with formation of different types of microcracks has been observed, showing a superficial micro cracking, responsible for the growth of circular cracks localizing the failure of the specimens. The influence of the interactions between the micro cracking pattern and the corrosion occurrence is also studied. Finally, a spallation oxidation occurring at the surface of the actuator, which damages its properties, is also investigated. The failure pattern observed provides information necessary to introduce a correction to the classical Wohler curve for fatigue life of a material undergoing cyclic loading.
<title>Charge transfer efficiency measurements at low signal levels on STIS/SOHO TK1024 CCDs</title> (1990)

Charge transfer efficiency (CTE) test methods are reviewed, and the results and conclusions of the tests are given. The test methods have been utilized to describe the CTE characteristics of the Tektronix 1024 by 1024 CCD to optimize low dark current, low readout noise, and high CTE at low signal levels. CTE modelling is described, and three test methods are set forth and compared. The Fe-55 X-ray response method utilizes the response of a CCD to X-ray photons from the radioactive source Fe-55. The extended pixel edge response method employs the measurement of the charge lost to successive pixels by a known initial signal as it is shifted through the array. The charge injection method consists of charge injection through the output amplifier reset transistor. These measurements were performed on several devices with known CTEs. The CTEs are found to be in agreement for the three methods, making application and test requirements the principal criteria for their use.
Human disease in Europe caused by a granulocytic Ehrlichia species (1997)

Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) was recently described in North America. It is caused by an Ehrlichia species closely related to Ehrlichia phagocytophila and Ehrlichia equi, recognized to infect mostly ruminants and horses, respectively. The vector in North America is the tick Ixodes scapularis, which is also the vector of the Lyme disease agent, Borrelia burgdorferi. Previous serologic studies in patients with a diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis indicate that HGE may exist in Europe. We report the first documented case of HGE in Europe. The diagnosis was established by seroconversion to E. equi and the HGE agent and by PCR with sequence analysis of the gene encoding the HGE agent 16S rRNA. Interestingly, the patient presented with a self-limited but moderately severe illness. Thus, European physicians need to be aware that HGE exists in Europe and that the diagnosis should be considered in febrile patients with tick bites in areas where Lyme disease is endemic.
Algorithms for the Solution of the Nonlinear Least-Squares Problem (1978)

This paper describes a modification to the Gauss–Newton method for the solution of nonlinear least-squares problems. The new method seeks to avoid the deficiencies in the Gauss–Newton method by improving, when necessary, the Hessian approximation by specifically including or approximating some of the neglected terms. The method seeks to compute the search direction without the need to form explicitly either the Hessian approximation or a factorization of this matrix. The benefits of this are similar to that of avoiding the formation of the normal equations in the Gauss-Newton method. Three algorithms based on this method are described; one which assumes that second derivative information is available and two which only assume first derivatives can be computed.
Activation of p21-CDC42/Rac-Activated Kinases by CD28 Signaling: p21-Activated Kinase (PAK) and MEK Kinase 1 (MEKK1) May Mediate the Interplay Between CD3 and CD28 Signals (1998)

CD28, a T cell costimulatory receptor, provides a signal that induces both optimal proliferation and the production of IL-2 by TCR-activated T cells. We show that the stimulation of CD28 leads to the activation of p21-activated kinase and MEK kinase 1. The same pathway was also stimulated in T cells treated with the cell-permeable ceramide analogue, C2-ceramide. The combined stimulation of either CD3 and CD28 or CD3 concurrently with C2-ceramide largely enhanced the activity of p21-activated kinase and MEK kinase 1. Therefore the Rac1/CDC42-coupled pathway(s) is a candidate that transduces and facilitates cross-talk between the CD28 costimulatory signal and the TCR signal.
The role of object-oriented databases in project management (1994)

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1994.
Problem Statement for Abstraction and Control of Transport Networks (2014)

Transport networks that provide connectivity and bandwidth for
customer services have typically been static, lacking flexibility, and
requiring long planning times when deploying new services. Network
Providers and Service Providers have embraced technologies that allow
separation of data plane and control plane, distributed signaling for
path setup and protection, and centralized path computation for
service planning and traffic engineering. Although these technologies
provide significant benefits, they do not meet the growing need for
network programmability, automation, resource sharing, and service
elasticity necessary to meet operators' requirements for virtual
network operation. Virtual network operation refers to the creation
of a virtualized environment allowing operators to view the
abstraction of the underlying multi-administration, multi- vendor,
multi-technology networks and to operate, control, and manage these
multiple networks as if a single virtualized network. Another
dimension of virtual network operation is the use of common core
transport network resources by multi-tenant service networks as a way
of providing a virtualized infrastructure to flexibly offer new
services and applications. The work effort investigating this problem
space is known as Abstraction and Control of Transport Networks
(ACTN). This document provides an ACTN problem description, a scope of
work, and outlines the core objectives and requirements to facilitate
virtual network operation.