gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
One-Bit OFDM Receivers via Deep Learning (2019)

This paper develops novel deep learning-based architectures and design methodologies for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) receiver under the constraint of one-bit complex quantization. Single bit quantization reduces greatly the complexity and power consumption but makes accurate channel estimation and data detection difficult. This is particularly true for multicarrier waveforms that have high peak-to-average power ratio in the time domain and fragile subcarrier orthogonality in the frequency domain. The severe distortion for one-bit quantization typically results in an error floor even at moderately low signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) such as 5 dB. For channel estimation (using pilots), we design a novel generative supervised deep neural network that can be trained with a reasonable number of pilots. After channel estimation, a neural network-based receiver-specifically, an autoencoder-jointly learns a precoder and decoder for data symbol detection. Since quantization prevents end-to-end training, we propose a two-step sequential training policy for this model. With synthetic data, our deep learning-based channel estimation can outperform least squares channel estimation for unquantized (full-resolution) OFDM at average SNRs up to 14 dB. For data detection, our proposed design achieves lower bit error rate (BER) in fading than unquantized OFDM at average SNRs up to 10 dB.
Multi-Site N-glycan mapping study 1: Capillary electrophoresis – laser induced fluorescence (2015)

An international team that included 20 independent laboratories from biopharmaceutical companies, universities, analytical contract laboratories and national authorities in the United States, Europe and Asia was formed to evaluate the reproducibility of sample preparation and analysis of N-glycans using capillary electrophoresis of 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (APTS)-labeled glycans with laser induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) detection (16 sites) and ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC, 12 sites; results to be reported in a subsequent publication). All participants used the same lot of chemicals, samples, reagents, and columns/capillaries to run their assays. Migration time, peak area and peak area percent values were determined for all peaks with >0.1% peak area. Our results demonstrated low variability and high reproducibility, both, within any given site as well across all sites, which indicates that a standard N-glycan analysis platform appropriate for general use (clone selection, process development, lot release, etc.) within the industry can be established.
Insulin Receptor Dysfunction Impairs Cellular Clearance of Neurotoxic Oligomeric Aβ (2009)

Accumulation of amyloid beta (Abeta) oligomers in the brain is toxic to synapses and may play an important role in memory loss in Alzheimer disease. However, how these toxins are built up in the brain is not understood. In this study we investigate whether impairments of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors play a role in aggregation of Abeta. Using primary neuronal culture and immortal cell line models, we show that expression of normal insulin or IGF-1 receptors confers cells with abilities to reduce exogenously applied Abeta oligomers (also known as ADDLs) to monomers. In contrast, transfection of malfunctioning human insulin receptor mutants, identified originally from patient with insulin resistance syndrome, or inhibition of insulin and IGF-1 receptors via pharmacological reagents increases ADDL levels by exacerbating their aggregation. In healthy cells, activation of insulin and IGF-1 receptor reduces the extracellular ADDLs applied to cells via seemingly the insulin-degrading enzyme activity. Although insulin triggers ADDL internalization, IGF-1 appears to keep ADDLs on the cell surface. Nevertheless, both insulin and IGF-1 reduce ADDL binding, protect synapses from ADDL synaptotoxic effects, and prevent the ADDL-induced surface insulin receptor loss. Our results suggest that dysfunctions of brain insulin and IGF-1 receptors contribute to Abeta aggregation and subsequent synaptic loss.
Rubyrin: A New Hexapyrrolic Expanded Porphyrin (1991)

The intense bright red color of the diprotonated derivatives of rubyrin (1), the largest expanded porphyrin to be characterized so far, is the source of the compound's name. A diprotonated alkyl derivative of 1 was synthesized efficiently. The molecule is nearly planar in the crystal—not unexpected for a large porphyrin-like aromatic macrocycle.
On-sun testing of a 1 MWt particle receiver with automated particle mass-flow and temperature control (2019)

This paper describes on-sun testing of an automated system that controls the particle mass flow and outlet temperature in a high-temperature falling particle receiver. A slide gate with a linear actuator was designed and implemented in a closed-loop feedback system that varied the particle mass flow rate to maintain a desired bulk particle outlet temperature. The system was designed to operate at high temperatures (>700 °C) and relatively large mass flow rates (∼1 - 10 kg/s and higher). On-sun tests were performed at different irradiances, particle inlet temperatures, and particle mass flow rates. Results showed that the automated system could maintain desired particle outlet temperatures from ∼300 – 650 °C for most test conditions. During significant flux perturbations, oscillations (or ringing) about the desired setpoint temperature was observed, which is common for simple proportional control systems. Future studies will investigate more advanced proportional integral derivative methods to dampen the oscillations and provide tighter controls. Particle temperature rise and thermal efficiency were also measured during the on-sun tests and are reported. Finally, the particle mass flow rate as a function of slide-gate aperture and particle temperature was measured, and a new correlation was derived.
Curcumin (CurcuWIN <sup>TM</sup> ) Improves Antioxidant Capacity and Reduces Inflammation Following Downhill Running‐Induced Muscle Damage (2015)

Exercise (Ex) increases ROS and impairs antioxidant defense systems. Recent data suggest curcumin [CurcuWIN TM Turmeric Extract, minimum 20% curcuminoids] possesses PPAR gamma activity and anti‐inflammatory properties. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of curcumin (Cur) supplementation on Ex performance, changes in serum and muscle proteins in rats after exhaustive Ex. Twenty‐eight (28) male Wistar rats (8 wk. old, BW:180 ± 20 g) were divided into four treatment groups (i) control [no Ex, Group I (C)] (ii) C + Cur [no Ex, Group II] (iii) C + Ex [Group III] and (iv) C + Ex+ Cur [Group IV]. Cur [100 mg/ kg, contains approximately 20 mg of curcuminoids] was administered daily for 6 wks. The Ex protocols were performed on a motor‐driven rodent treadmill. The animals in the chronic Ex groups were habituated by treadmill Ex over a 5‐d period such as: 1 st day 10 m/min, 10 min, 2 nd day 20 m/min; 10 min, 3 rd day 25 m/min, 10 min, 4 th day 25 m/min, 20 min and 5 th day 25 m/min, 30 min. Animals were exercised at 25 m/min, 45 min/d, 5 d/ week for 6 wks. Blood and muscle samples were analyzed. Running time was improved in Cur groups. Lactate and MDA significantly decreased, lipid profile, SOD, GPx and GSH were improved significantly in Cur treated groups. Significant decrease in NF‐kB and increase in I‐kB, HSP70 and PGC‐1 α in Cur treated rats were observed. These results suggest Curcumin (CurcuWIN TM ) is a potential ingredient of preventing muscle damage and improved exercise performance.
BASE (2003)

Software errors are a major cause of outages and they are increasingly exploited in malicious attacks. Byzantine fault tolerance allows replicated systems to mask some software errors but it is expensive to deploy. This paper describes a replication technique, BASE, which uses abstraction to reduce the cost of Byzantine fault tolerance and to improve its ability to mask software errors. BASE reduces cost because it enables reuse of off-the-shelf service implementations. It improves availability because each replica can be repaired periodically using an abstract view of the state stored by correct replicas, and because each replica can run distinct or nondeterministic service implementations, which reduces the probability of common mode failures. We built an NFS service where each replica can run a different off-the-shelf file system implementation, and an object-oriented database where the replicas ran the same, nondeterministic implementation. These examples suggest that our technique can be used in practice---in both cases, the implementation required only a modest amount of new code, and our performance results indicate that the replicated services perform comparably to the implementations that they reuse.
Discovery of a Novel Class of Covalent Inhibitor for Aldehyde Dehydrogenases (2011)

Human aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) comprise a family of 17 homologous enzymes that metabolize different biogenic and exogenic aldehydes. To date, there are relatively few general ALDH inhibitors that can be used to probe the contribution of this class of enzymes to particular metabolic pathways. Here, we report the discovery of a general class of ALDH inhibitors with a common mechanism of action. The combined data from kinetic studies, mass spectrometric measurements, and crystallographic analyses demonstrate that these inhibitors undergo an enzyme-mediated β-elimination reaction generating a vinyl ketone intermediate that covalently modifies the active site cysteine residue present in these enzymes. The studies described here can provide the basis for rational approach to design ALDH isoenzyme-specific inhibitors as research tools and perhaps as drugs, to address diseases such as cancer where increased ALDH activity is associated with a cellular phenotype.
A Gaussian process regression model for walking speed estimation using a head-worn IMU (2017)

Miniature inertial sensors mainly worn on waist, ankle and wrist have been widely used to measure walking speed of the individuals for lifestyle and/or health monitoring. Recent emergence of head-worn inertial sensors in the form of a smart eyewear (e.g. Recon Jet) or a smart ear-worn device (e.g. Sensixa e-AR) provides an opportunity to use these sensors for estimation of walking speed in real-world environment. This work studies the feasibility of using a head-worn inertial sensor for estimation of walking speed. A combination of time-domain and frequency-domain features of tri-axial acceleration norm signal were used in a Gaussian process regression model to estimate walking speed. An experimental evaluation was performed on 15 healthy subjects during free walking trials in an indoor environment. The results show that the proposed method can provide accuracies of better than around 10% for various walking speed regimes. Additionally, further evaluation of the model for long (15-minutes) outdoor walking trials reveals high correlation of the estimated walking speed values to the ones obtained from fusion of GPS with inertial sensors.
Label switched packet transfer for wireless cellular networks (2002)

Packet transfer using a connectionless mode provides considerable simplification in mobility and handoff functionalities in wireless networks. We develop an architecture using label switched packet forwarding to enhance traffic control and accommodate service differentiation in the network. We present the protocol structure, mobility support, and routing, which are essential in this architecture. The use of the label merging technique is discussed to support multiple radio links between a mobile and a multiplicity of base stations. Preliminary performance results are presented for the effect of diversity areas on the admission control policy.
Measurement of the ohmic electrode-tissue contact resistance and the voltage applied to myocardium (1980)

The electrical impedance of a pulse generator-electrode-heart system is a complex one. By analysis of an equivalent circuit developed for the above, a model was derived to describe the output voltage applied to an implanted electrode. On the basis of the dynamic behavior of the equivalent circuit when a pacing pulse was applied, a method for measuring true ohmic electrode-tissue contact resistance was developed, and a device was constructed to provide an instant digital readout of its value. The value of that risestance varied from 179 to 521 omega in 13 patients. When a variable resistance R, was connected in series with an implanted electrode, and a threshold voltage for every value of R was determined the actual voltage applied to the myocardium was computed for 16 patients.
A Bulk-Type Pressure Sensor with Full-Bridge Implementation Enabled by Stress-Modifying Trenches (2023)

Incorporating a half Wheatstone bridge consisting of two sensing piezoresistors and two relatively constant reference resistors to measure the biaxial compression induced by a hydrostatic pressure load, a bulk-type, dual-cavity pressure sensor exhibiting a sensitivity of 200 µV/V/MPa over a pressure range of 200 MPa has been reported. Presently described is a similar sensor further incorporating stress-modifying trenches in its cavity-sandwiched sensing plate. With all four piezoresistors being active and aligned to orientations with stress components exhibiting opposite signs, a full Wheatstone bridge can be realized. This leads to a significant 150% increase in the sensitivity of the pressure sensor to 513 µV/V/MPa over the same pressure range. Moreover, the resulting sensor can now be implemented on a more readily available (001) silicon substrate.
Four-probe charge transport measurements on individual vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (2004)

We report four-probe I–V measurements on individual vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (VACNFs). These measurements were enabled by the fabrication of multiple Ti/Au ohmic contacts on individual fibers that exhibited resistance of only a few kilohms. These measurements demonstrate that VACNFs exhibit linear I–V behavior at room temperature, with a resistivity of approximately 4.2×10−3 Ω cm. Our measurements are consistent with a dominant transport mechanism of electrons traveling through intergraphitic planes in the VACNFs.
Motifs for molecular recognition exploiting hydrophobic enclosure in protein–ligand binding (2007)

The thermodynamic properties and phase behavior of water in confined regions can vary significantly from that observed in the bulk. This is particularly true for systems in which the confinement is on the molecular-length scale. In this study, we use molecular dynamics simulations and a powerful solvent analysis technique based on inhomogenous solvation theory to investigate the properties of water molecules that solvate the confined regions of protein active sites. Our simulations and analysis indicate that the solvation of protein active sites that are characterized by hydrophobic enclosure and correlated hydrogen bonds induce atypical entropic and enthalpic penalties of hydration. These penalties apparently stabilize the protein-ligand complex with respect to the independently solvated ligand and protein, which leads to enhanced binding affinities. Our analysis elucidates several challenging cases, including the super affinity of the streptavidin-biotin system.
Design and fabrication of highly complex topographic nano-imprint template for dual damascene full 3-D imprinting (2005)

At SPIE Microlithography 2005, the concept of direct imprinting of dielectric material for dual damascene processing and its benefits was introduced <sup>1</sup>. Manufacturing a nano-imprint template with multi-tier 3-D structures presents a unique set of challenges. The main issues are patterning two different mask layers with good overlay and etch depth control into the quartz at each step on the same substrate. This work describes the tools and processes used to build these types of structures in a commercial photomask shop. The results of using a template with two levels of patterning to imprint dual damascene 3-D structures will also be presented.
Boron-Loaded Silicone Rubber Scintillators (2003)

Silicone rubber received attention as an alternative to polyvinyltoluene in applications in which the scintillator is exposed to high doses because of the increased resistance of the rubber to the formation of blue-absorbing color centers. Work by Bowen, et al., and Harmon, et al., demonstrated their properties under gamma/x-ray irradiation, and Bell, et al. have shown their response to thermal neutrons. This last work, however, provided an example of a silicone in which both the boron and the scintillator were contained in the rubber as solutes, a formulation which led to the precipitation of solids and sublimation of the boron component. In the present work we describe a scintillator in which the boron is chemically bonded to the siloxane and so avoids the problem of precipitation and loss of boron to sublimation. Material containing up to 18% boron, by weight, was prepared, mounted on photomultipliers, and exposed to both neutron and gamma fluxes. Pulse height spectra showing the neutron and photon response were obtained, and although the light output was found to be much poorer than from samples in which boron was dissolved, the higher boron concentrations enabled essentially 100% neutron absorption in only a few millimeters' thickness of rubber.
Highly efficient fluorescence sensing using microstructured optical fibres: general model and experiment (2008)

A general model of excitation and fluorescence recapturing by the forward and backward modes of filled microstructured optical fibres (MOFs) is developed for fluorecence-based fibre optic sensors. It is demonstrated that the light-matter overlap alone does not determine the optimal fibre choice for maximum sensing efficiency. Fibre designs with sub-wavelength features and high-index glasses exhibit localised regions of high intensity, and we show that these regions can lead to approximately two orders of magnitude enhancement of fluorescence recapturing. We demonstrate higher efficiency of fluorescence recapturing into backward modes in comparison with that of forward modes. We present experimental results for both backward and forward flourescence recapturing and demostrate a good qualitative agreement between the numerical model and experimental results.
A robust cell-level crosstalk delay change analysis (2005)

In This work we present a robust and efficient methodology for crosstalk-induced delay change analysis for ASIC design styles. The approach employs optimization methods to search for worst aggressor alignment, and it computes crosstalk induced delay change on each stage considering an impact on downstream logic. Computational efficiency is achieved using pre-characterized current models for drivers and compact macromodels for interconnect. The proposed methodology has been implemented in a commercial noise analysis tool. Experimental results obtained on industrial designs demonstrate high accuracy and reduced pessimism of the proposed methodology.
A multi-class SVM classifier for automatic hand washing quality assessment (2007)

Hand washing is a critical activity in preventing the spread of infection in\nhealth-care environments. Several guidelines recommended a hand washing\nprotocol consisting of six steps that ensure that all areas of the hands are\nthoroughly cleaned. In this paper, we describe a novel approach that uses a\ncomputer vision system to monitor the user?s hands motions in order to ensure\nthat the hand washing guidelines are followed. This work presents two\nmain contributions: a description of a system which delivers robust segmentation\nof the hands using a combination of colour and motion analysis, and\nthe implementation of a multi-class classification of the hand gestures using\na SVM ensemble. The system performance is analysed and compared with\nhuman performance, showing an accuracy close to that of human experts.
A New Synthesis of Thiocyanatoalkyl (Meth)Acrylic Esters (1992)

Abstract The selective synthesis of thiocyanatoalkyl meth(acrylic) esters were obtained with 71 to 95 % yield under phase transfer catalysis from corresponding chloro- and bromoalkyl (meth)acrylic esters and potassium thiocyanate in presence of potassium iodide.
Safety of Parenteral Hydroxypropyl β‐Cyclodextrin (1995)

Post-treatment data were collected on a patient who received intravenous hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin in a dose of 1.5 g/kg in 1985. Although no untoward effects were observed in this patient, rarely occurring agitation and pulmonary edema have been noted after injections into rabbits and dogs, respectively. These complications are analyzed here on the basis of symptoms and on the effects of hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin on the biochemistry of a representative lipid, cholesterol, which were studied in rats. It is hypothesized that these untoward effects of parenteral hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin are due to complex formation, with lipid mediators of pathological responses, of which prostaglandins are one example. These mediators normally have brief and localized functions; if hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin happens to be injected when these mediator systems are activated, their influence and the responses of the organism may be increased.
Preparation and polymerization of bisphenol A cyclic oligomeric carbonates (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPreparation and polymerization of bisphenol A cyclic oligomeric carbonatesDaniel J. Brunelle and Thomas G. ShannonCite this: Macromolecules 1991, 24, 11, 3035–3044Publication Date (Print):May 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 May 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ma00011a002https://doi.org/10.1021/ma00011a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1437Altmetric-Citations130LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-Alertsclose Get e-Alerts