gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Design Strategy Towards Horizontally Oriented Luminescent Tetradentate‐Ligand‐Containing Gold(III) Systems (2020)

Abstract Phosphorescent dopants are promising candidates for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Although it has been established that the out‐coupling efficiency and overall performances of vacuum‐deposited OLEDs can be significantly improved by a horizontal orientation of the dopants, no horizontally oriented gold(III) complexes have been reported to date. Herein, a novel class of tetradentate C^C^N^N ligand‐containing gold(III) complexes with a preferential horizontal orientation successfully generated through a one‐pot reaction is reported. These complexes demonstrate high photoluminescence quantum yields of 70 % and a high horizontal dipole ratio of 0.87 in solid‐state thin films. Green‐emitting OLEDs based on these complexes operate with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 20.6 % with an estimated out‐coupling efficiency of around 30 %. A promising device stability has been achieved in the vacuum‐deposited OLEDs, with operational half‐lifetimes of around 37 500 h at 100 cd m −2 .
Dynamical consistent recurrent neural networks (2006)

Recurrent neural networks aretypically consid- eredasrelatively simple architectures, whichcomealong with complicated learning algorithms. Mostresearchers focus onthe improvement ofthesealgorithms. Ourapproach isdifferent: Rather thanfocusing onlearning andoptimization algorithms, weconcentrate onthedesign ofthenetwork architecture. Aswewill show, manydifficulties inthemodeling ofdynam- ical systems canbesolved witha pre-design ofthenetwork architecture. We willfocus onlarge networks withthetask ofmodeling complete highdimensional systems (e.g. financial markets) instead ofsmallsetsoftimeseries. Standard neural networks tendtooverfit like anyother statistical learning system. Wewill introduce anewrecurrent neural network architecture in whichoverfitting andtheassociated loss ofgeneralization abilities isnota majorproblem. We willenhance thesenetworks by dynamical consistency.
Abstract 619: Identification of clinically actionable genomic alterations in the tumor and circulation of pancreatic cancer patients (2015)

Abstract Pancreatic adenocarcinoma has the worst overall mortality of any solid tumor, with only 6% of patients surviving after 5 years. To evaluate the clinical implications of genomic alterations in this low cellularity tumor type, we deeply sequenced the genomes of 134 enriched pancreatic adenocarcinomas from patients who underwent potentially curative resections. Given the low neoplastic cellularity of pancreatic cancers, we enriched for neoplastic cells either by macrodissection of primary tumors or by flow-sorting of tumor nuclei, and performed deep sequencing (high coverage) of these enriched samples using next-generation sequencing approaches. We obtained a total of &gt;1Tb of sequence data, resulting in an average coverage within the target regions of &gt;200-fold for each tumor analyzed by whole-exome sequencing and &gt;750-fold for each tumor analyzed by targeted cancer gene sequencing. These approaches allowed us to identify sequence changes, including single base and small insertion or deletion mutations, as well as copy number alterations in &gt;20,000 genes in the whole-exome analyses and in 116 specific genes in the targeted analyses. These analyses revealed that somatic mutation of chromatin remodeling genes were associated with improved progression-free and overall survival. Alterations in genes with potential clinical utility were observed in a majority of cases and included alterations of AKT1, AKT2, BRCA2, ERBB2, KIT, and PIK3CA. Non-invasive liquid biopsy analyses were performed before and after surgery to evaluate the presence of circulating tumor DNA in the plasma of 83 patients. Through these approaches, we were able to diagnose early stage pancreatic tumors in the majority of patients and to detect the presence of circulating tumor DNA prior to clinical relapse. These observations provide genetic markers of clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer and suggest new avenues for personalized therapy. Citation Format: Mark Sausen, Jillian Phallen, Vilmos Adleff, Siân Jones, Rebecca J. Leary, Karli Lytle, Sonya Parpart-Li, Derek Murphy, Michael T. Barrett, David C. Linehan, Anirban Maitra, Ralph Hruban, Daniel D. Von Hoff, Julia S. Johansen, Luis A. Diaz, Jeffrey A. Drebin, Victor E. Velculescu. Identification of clinically actionable genomic alterations in the tumor and circulation of pancreatic cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 619. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-619
Design and Synthesis of Malonamide Derivatives as Antibiotics against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (2017)

Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is a serious threat to humans. Most existing antimicrobial drugs, including the β-lactam and quinoxiline classes, are not effective against MRSA. In this study, we synthesized 24 derivatives of malonamide, a new class of antibacterial agents and potentiators of classic antimicrobials. A derivative that increases bacterial killing and biofilm eradication with low cell toxicity was created.
The SMART scanner: a combined PET/CT tomograph for clinical oncology (2002)

A combined PET/CT tomograph with the unique capability to acquire accurately aligned functional and anatomical images for any part of the human body has been designed and built. The PET/CT, or SMART scanner, was developed by combining a Siemens Somatom AR.SP spiral CT scanner with a partial ring rotating ECAT ART PET tomograph. All components are mounted on a common rotational support within a single gantry that has an axial depth of 110 cm. The PET and CT components can be operated either separately or in combined mode. In combined mode, the CT images are used to correct the PET data for scatter and attenuation. Fully quantitative whole-body images can be obtained for an axial extent of up to 100 cm in an imaging time of less than one hour. When operated in PET mode alone, transmission scans are acquired with two 15 mCi cesium sources. We report the first performance measurements from the scanner, and present some illustrative clinical studies.
Sweep-free Brillouin optical time-domain analyzer with extended dynamic range (2012)

Sweep-free Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (SF-BOTDA) promises fast and distributed sensing. Using multiple tone spacings, we experimentally demonstrate a new technique to extend the dynamic range of SF-BOTDA to practical values of 1GHz and more.
Ferroelectric liquid crystal tunable polarization filter (1991)

Ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) have been used in discrete and continuous polarization interference filters. 1-3 Birefringent filters have been mechanically tuned by rotating an achromatic half-wave plate, that reflects the desired center wavelength to coincide with the analyzing polarizer axis. 4 Smectic A * FLCs are essentially fixed retarders, which are analog rotatable, and fast switching (100 kHz–1 MHz), with the application of an electric field. However, a single element cannot yet achieve the 45° of analog tilt required to tune through a free-spectral range. In addition, the elements are not achromatic. In this paper, we present a method for combining two or more FLC switching elements and compensate for FLC chromaticity effects.
Induction of pluripotency by defined factors (2014)

The "reversion of cell fate from differentiated states back into totipotent or pluripotent states" has been an interest of many scientists for a long time. With the help of knowledge accumulated by those scientists, we succeeded in converting somatic cells to a pluripotent cell lineage by the forced expression of defined factors. These established induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have similar features to embryonic stem (ES) cells, including pluripotency and immortality. The iPS cell technology provides unprecedented opportunities for regenerative medicine and drug discovery.
Multistatic and waveform-diverse radar pulse compression (2012)

Radar pulse compression is widely used to achieve high range resolution without the attendant high-peak power that would otherwise be required through the use of an unmodulated short pulse. The wide variety of different waveform structures also provides a means to distinguish the echoes from different radars that may coincide in space, frequency and time. Furthermore, the development of new waveform-diverse emission schemes relies on the ability to adequately separate the various emission components within the receiver. Viewing these scenarios as belonging to the general framework of signal separation problems, in which the different signals mutually interfere, this chapter describes an adaptive receive scheme through which these different signal components can be extricated so as to realize the required radar sensitivity. Specific applications addressed include multistatic radar, imaging for high Doppler scenarios and stepped-frequency transmission.
Elevated anxiety and antidepressant-like responses in serotonin 5-HT <sub>1A</sub> receptor mutant mice (1998)

The brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) system is a powerful modulator of emotional processes and a target of medications used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. To evaluate the contribution of serotonin 5-HT1A receptors to the regulation of these processes, we have used gene-targeting technology to generate 5-HT1A receptor-mutant mice. These animals lack functional 5-HT1A receptors as indicated by receptor autoradiography and by resistance to the hypothermic effects of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). Homozygous mutants display a consistent pattern of responses indicative of elevated anxiety levels in open-field, elevated-zero maze, and novel-object assays. Moreover, they exhibit antidepressant-like responses in a tail-suspension assay. These results indicate that the targeted disruption of the 5-HT1A receptor gene leads to heritable perturbations in the serotonergic regulation of emotional state. 5-HT1A receptor-null mutant mice have potential as a model for investigating mechanisms through which serotonergic systems modulate affective state and mediate the actions of psychiatric drugs.
Acquired Echinocandin Resistance in a <i>Candida krusei</i> Isolate Due to Modification of Glucan Synthase (2007)

A Candida krusei strain from a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia that displayed reduced susceptibility to echinocandin drugs contained a heterozygous mutation, T2080K, in FKS1. The resulting Phe655-->Cys substitution altered the sensitivity of glucan synthase to echinocandin drugs, consistent with a common mechanism for echinocandin resistance in Candida spp.
Verifying Accurate Placement of an Epidural Catheter Tip Using Electrical Stimulation (2002)

To the Editor: We are pleased to read the article by Hayatsu et al. (1) in which they described how electrical stimulation could be used to verify proper placement of an epidural catheter in the epidural space. Evidently, the authors were not aware of our earlier observations on the same topic (2–10). In those clinical reports, we described the successful use of electrical epidural stimulation to confirm epidural catheter placement in the epidural space in both adult and pediatric patients. In our most recent article (3), we demonstrated the practicality of applying this test to guide the placement of a thoracic epidural catheter using the caudal approach in pediatric patients. In that article, we provided a simplified guide to interpret motor responses from electrical stimulation in the event of malplacement of epidural catheters (for instance, subarachnoid, subdural, or intravascular). From a technical point of view, Hayatsu et al. (1) reported a method using bipolar electrical stimulation that required a specialized catheter, which may limit its application. However, their specialized catheter can provide many other functions, including monitoring of spinal cord potentials, measurement of epidural pressure, and spinal cord stimulation. On the other hand, we described a technique using monopolar electrical stimulation that can be performed with one of the commonly available epidural catheters, which can be readily applied in routine practice. Ban C.H. Tsui, MSc, MD, FRCP(C) Brendan Finucane, MB MS, FRCPC (C)
Determination of the second-order nonlinear susceptibility elements of a single nanoparticle using coherent optical microscopy (2010)

We present a technique based on the use of coherent confocal microscopy that can be used to estimate, to within a scale factor, all of the elements of the second-order susceptibility tensor of a single pointlike nanoparticle under permutation and Kleinman symmetry. An estimate of the three-dimensional position of a nanoparticle is also obtained. A forward model for the problem is presented and a method for solving the inverse problem is demonstrated. The approach is tested through simulations which show that the position and the elements of the susceptibility tensor can be robustly retrieved using this method.
Cross-layer Reconfiguration for Surviving Multiple-link Failures in Backbone Networks (2009)

Fast-reroute adequately addresses single-link failures, but is less effective for multiple failures frequently occurring in backbone networks. We study a protocol to reconfigure impacted backup paths after a link failure, improving survivability from a subsequent failure.
Immunogenicity of novel consensus-based DNA vaccines against Hepatitis B core Antigen. (106.1) (2011)

Abstract Although effective vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) has existed for over 3 decades, it still continues to be a major epidemic, especially among people of Asian and African descent. There are about 370 million people chronically infected and at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. The only therapies available for chronic infected individuals are interferon-α and nucleoside, which unfortunately do not control viral replication in most patients. This failure in protection with current HBV vaccines in 15% of individuals and the difference in response to treatment in the chronic infected are due, but not limited, to the genetic divergence among different HBV genotypes and to the immune escape mutations that often occur within the surface antigen (HBsAg). To circumvent these issues, we propose a novel consensus-based approach to vaccine design for HBV, using DNA vaccine strategy. A plasmid was designed based on HBV core (HBcAg)-specific consensus sequence from (which genotypes of HBV) with modifications such as codon and RNA optimization for maximum expression. We show that the construct was able to induce a strong antigen-specific T cell response systematically and in the liver of C57BL/6 mice. In addition, a high titer antibody response capable of recognizing a native HBcAg was observed in mice systematically immunized with this construct.
Antisense anti-MDM2 mixed-backbone oligonucleotides enhance therapeutic efficacy of topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan in nude mice bearing human cancer xenografts: In vivo activity and mechanisms (2002)

Antisense oligonucleotides have been investigated as anticancer agents administered alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics. In the present study, we demonstrated synergistic effects between anti-MDM2 antisense oligonucleotides and the clinically used anticancer agent irinotecan, using nude mouse models of human colon cancers (LS174T and DLD-1). Surprisingly, a 5-base mismatch oligonucleotide also showed similar effects. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies were performed. In LS174T cells, the antisense oligonucleotide, but not the mismatch oligonucleotide, specifically inhibited MDM2 expression, resulting in a significant increase in irinotecan-associated p53 activation and p21 induction. In DLD-1 cells, the antisense oligonucleotide specifically inhibited MDM2 expression, resulting in a significant increase in irinotecan-associated p21 induction although mutant p53 levels remained unchanged. Both oligonucleotides increased tissue uptake of irinotecan and the conversion of irinotecan to its active metabolite SN-38. These results suggest that oligonucleotides have a role in irinotecan metabolism and action, providing a basis for future development of antisense oligonucleotides as a sensitizer for irinotecan-based therapy.
Structural Insight into Substrate Selectivity of <i>Erwinia chrysanthemi</i> <scp>l</scp>-Asparaginase (2016)

l-Asparaginases of bacterial origin are a mainstay of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment. The mechanism of action of these enzyme drugs is associated with their capacity to deplete the amino acid l-asparagine from the blood. However, clinical use of bacterial l-asparaginases is complicated by their dual l-asparaginase and l-glutaminase activities. The latter, even though representing only ∼10% of the overall activity, is partially responsible for the observed toxic side effects. Hence, l-asparaginases devoid of l-glutaminase activity hold potential as safer drugs. Understanding the key determinants of l-asparaginase substrate specificity is a prerequisite step toward the development of enzyme variants with reduced toxicity. Here we present crystal structures of the Erwinia chrysanthemi l-asparaginase in complex with l-aspartic acid and with l-glutamic acid. These structures reveal two enzyme conformations-open and closed-corresponding to the inactive and active states, respectively. The binding of ligands induces the positioning of the catalytic Thr15 into its active conformation, which in turn allows for the ordering and closure of the flexible N-terminal loop. Notably, l-aspartic acid is more efficient than l-glutamic acid in inducing the active positioning of Thr15. Structural elements explaining the preference of the enzyme for l-asparagine over l-glutamine are discussed with guidance to the future development of more specific l-asparaginases.
Piecewise Isothermal Nucleic Acid Testing (PINAT) for Infectious Disease Detection with Sample-to-Result Integration at the Point-of-Care (2021)

We developed a piecewise isothermal nucleic acid test (PINAT) as a platform technology for diagnosing pathogen-associated infections, empowered by an illustrative novel methodology that embeds an exclusive DNA-mediated specific probing reaction with the backbone of an isothermal reverse transcription cum amplification protocol for detecting viral RNA. In a point-of-care format, this test is executable in a unified single-step, single-chamber procedure, leading to seamless sample-to-result integration in an inexpensive, scalable, pre-programmable, and customizable portable device, with mobile-app-integrated interpretation and analytics involving minimal manually operative procedures. The test exhibited a high sensitivity and specificity of detection when assessed using 200 double-blind patient samples for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), and subsequently using 170 double-blind patient samples in a point-of-care format outside controlled laboratory settings as performed by unskilled technicians in an organized clinical trial. We also established its efficacy in detecting Influenza A infection by performing the diagnosis at the point of collection with uncompromised detection rigor. The envisaged trade-off between advanced laboratory-based molecular diagnostic procedures and the elegance of common rapid tests renders the method ideal for deployment in resource-limited settings towards catering the needs of the underserved.
Variational Quantum Circuit Model for Knowledge Graphs Embedding (2019)

In this work, we propose the first quantum Ansätze for the statistical relational learning on knowledge graphs using parametric quantum circuits. We introduce two types of variational quantum circuits for knowledge graph embedding. Inspired by the classical representation learning, we first consider latent features for entities as coefficients of quantum states, while predicates are characterized by parametric gates acting on the quantum states. For the first model, the quantum advantages disappear when it comes to the optimization of this model. Therefore, we introduce a second quantum circuit model where embeddings of entities are generated from parameterized quantum gates acting on the pure quantum state. The benefit of the second method is that the quantum embeddings can be trained efficiently meanwhile preserving the quantum advantages. We show the proposed methods can achieve comparable results to the state-of-the-art classical models, e.g., RESCAL, DistMult. Furthermore, after optimizing the models, the complexity of inductive inference on the knowledge graphs might be reduced with respect to the number of entities.
Syntheses and applications of sucrose‐based esters (2001)

Abstract This review describes chemical and enzymatic syntheses of nonionic, anionic, and amphoteric sugar‐based surfactants with special focus on methods for the regioselective synthesisof these surfactants.
A terahertz plasmon cavity detector (2010)

Sensitivity of a plasmonic detector is enhanced by integrating a broadband log-periodic antenna with a two-dimensional plasma cavity that is defined by source, drain, and multiple gates of a GaAs/AlGaAs high electron mobility transistor. Both narrow-band terahertz detection and a rich harmonic spectrum are evident. With a bolometric sensor in the channel, we report responsivity, on resonance at 235–240 GHz and at 20 K, of up to 7 kV/W and a noise equivalent power of 5×10−10 W/Hz1/2.
Passive in-vehicle driver breath alcohol detection using advanced sensor signal acquisition and fusion (2017)

It is concluded that a further important step toward completely passive detection of driver breath alcohol has been taken. If required, the sniffer function with alcohol detection capability can be combined with a subsequent highly accurate breath test to confirm the driver's legal status using the same sensor device. The study is relevant to crash avoidance, in particular driver monitoring systems and driver-vehicle interface design.
A NEW FREQUENT SIMILAR TREE ALGORITHM MOTIVATED BY DOM MINING - Using RTDM and its New Variant — SiSTeR (2011)

The importance of recognizing repeating structures in web applications has generated a large body of work on algorithms for mining the HTML Document Object Model (DOM). A restricted tree edit distance metric, called the Restricted Top Down Metric (RTDM), is most suitable for DOM mining as well as less computationally expensive than the general tree edit distance. Given two trees with input size n1 and n2, the current methods take time O(n1 ・ n2) to compute RTDM. Consider, however, looking for patterns that form subtrees within a web page with n elements. The RTDM must be computed for all subtrees, and the running time becomes O(n 4 ). This paper proposes a new algorithm which computes the distance between all the subtrees in a tree in time O(n 2 ), which enables us to obtain better quality as well as better performance, on a DOM mining task. In addition, we propose a new tree edit-distance—SiSTeR (Similar Sibling Trees aware RTDM). This variant of RTDMallows considering the case were repetitious (very similar) subtrees of different quantity appear in two trees which are supposed to be considered as similar. External Posting Date: June 28, 2012 [Fulltext] Approved for External Publication Internal Posting Date: June 28, 2012 [Fulltext]  Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. A NEW FREQUENT SIMILAR TREE ALGORITHM MOTIVATED BY DOM MINING Using RTDM and its new variant — SiSTeR Barkol Omer, Bergman Ruth and Golan Shahar HP Labs, Technion City, Haifa Israel {omer.barkol, ruth.bergman, shahar.golan}@hp.com