gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Land cover classification of urban and sub-urban areas via fuzzy nearest-mean reclustering of SAR features (2003)

This paper describes a nonparametric algorithm based on fuzzy-reasoning concepts and suitable for land use classification, either supervised or unsupervised, starting from pixel features derived from SAR observations. Pixel vectors constituted by features calculated from the backscattering coefficients) in one or more bands and/or polarizations are clustered. At each iteration step, pixels in the scene are classified based on the minimum attained by a weighted Euclidean distance from the centroid representative of each cluster. Upgrade of centroids is iteratively obtained both from the previously obtained classification map and by thresholding a membership function of pixel vectors to each cluster. Such a function has been derived based on entropy maximization of the resulting clusters. To yield the weighted distances from a pixel vector, its features are weighted by means of progressively refined coefficients, whose calculation still relies on the membership function through a least squares algorithm. Refinements of the feature-dependent weights are introduced to optimize individual classes. Possible "a priori" knowledge coming from ground truth data may be used to initialize the procedure, but is not required. Experimental results carried out on SIR-C SAR data of the city of Pavia and its surroundings demonstrate the usefulness of a nonparametric classification to discriminate land use in general, and urban and built-up areas in particular, from SAR observations analogous to those which are routinely available from EnviSat. A training set, even of very small size, may be utilized. However, its knowledge affects initialization only and is unnecessary for the iterative refinement procedure. Pixel-based classification attains almost 70% accuracy without any postprocessing.
Analyzing block locality in Morton-order and Morton-hybrid matrices (2007)

As the architectures of computers change, introducing more caches onto multicore chips, even more locality becomes necessary. With the bandwidth between caches and RAM now even more valuable, additional locality from new matrix representations will be important to keep multiple processors busy. The default storage representations of both C and Fortran, row- and column-major respectively, have fundamental deficiencies with many matrix computations. By switching the storage representation from cartesian to block indices, one is able to take better advantage of cache locality at all levels from L1 to paging. This paper only changes storage representation from row-major to Morton-hybrid, and applies it to matrix multiplication. Its purpose is to show that, even with only traditional iterative algorithms, simply changing storage representation offers significant speedups.
MIMO MMSE-DFE: a general framework (2002)

We investigate and revisit the structure and performance of a multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) decision feedback equalizer (DFE) for a minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. The output model dealt with is very general, and applies to filter bank-based multicarrier transmission, CDMA, TDMA, FDMA systems, systems with transmitter-induced cyclostationarity and so on. Moreover, the transmission model and the associated receiver account for excess bandwidth and multi-sensor configurations. The purpose of the paper is to derive MIMO MMSE DFE in a concise manner by means of fractionally spaced devices. From the receiver derived here it clearly appears that the first operation to be performed is matched filtering. Besides, it is also demonstrated why geometrical MSE is the criterion to be used. As an illustrative example, an OFDM transmission scheme is considered.
Post‐Modification of the Interior of Porous Shape‐Persistent Organic Cage Compounds (2013)

Interior decorating: A post-synthetic method allows porous organic cage compounds to be prepared with functionalized interior cavities. The approach produces modified cage compounds in quantitative yield and opens the possibility of preparing organic alloys with different functionality. The solution-based technique shows the advantage of solubility, an inherent property of porous materials derived from discrete organic molecules.
Occult Laryngeal Pathology in a Community‐Based Cohort (2001)

Occult laryngeal pathology is very common in persons over 40. Findings suggestive of laryngopharyngeal reflux are present in 64%, and vocal fold bowing is present in 72% of persons over 40.
Legged robots (1986)

Research on legged machines can lead to the construction of useful legged vehicles and help us to understand legged locomotion in animals.
Extending the biocatalytic scope of regiocomplementary flavin-dependent halogenase enzymes (2015)

Flavin-dependent halogenases are potentially valuable biocatalysts for the regioselective halogenation of aromatic compounds. These enzymes, utilising benign inorganic halides, offer potential advantages over traditional non-enzymatic halogenation chemistry that often lacks regiocontrol and requires deleterious reagents. Here we extend the biocatalytic repertoire of the tryptophan halogenases, demonstrating how these enzymes can halogenate a range of alternative aryl substrates. Using structure guided mutagenesis we also show that it is possible to alter the regioselectivity as well as increase the activity of the halogenases with non-native substrates including anthranilic acid; an important intermediate in the synthesis and biosynthesis of pharmaceuticals and other valuable products.
A Microfluidic-Colorimetric Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Reactive Environmental Chemicals (2011)

Colorimetry is a powerful sensing principle that detects a target analyte based on a reaction-induced color change. The approach can be highly sensitive and selective when a sensing material that reacts specifically with the analyte is found, but the specific reaction is usually accompanied by slow recovery and irreversibility, making continuous monitoring of air quality difficult. Consequently, colorimetry is often one-time only and single-point measurement. To overcome the difficulty, the present work reports a combined microfluidic and colorimetric approach that measures time evolution of a color gradient along a microfluidic channel via a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) imager. The change of the color gradient provides continuous monitoring of the analyte concentration over many hours, and the principle and capability of the approach is demonstrated by theoretical simulation, and experimental validation with real samples.
Synthesis, physical properties, and structural characterization of .mu.-carbonato-dichlorobis(N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine)dicopper(II), LCuCl(CO3)ClCuL, a diamagnetic initiator for the oxidative coupling of phenols by dioxygen (1979)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis, physical properties, and structural characterization of .mu.-carbonato-dichlorobis(N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine)dicopper(II), LCuCl(CO3)ClCuL, a diamagnetic initiator for the oxidative coupling of phenols by dioxygenMelvyn Rowen Churchill, Geoffrey Davies, Mohamed A. El-Sayed, Mohamed F. El-Shazly, John P. Hutchinson, Martin W. Rupich, and Kay O. WatkinsCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1979, 18, 8, 2296–2300Publication Date (Print):August 1, 1979Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 August 1979https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic50198a049https://doi.org/10.1021/ic50198a049research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views146Altmetric-Citations38LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Toxicological Studies of Pueraria tuberosa, a Potent Antifertility Plant (1995)

Toxicity studies with the butanol extract of Pueraria tube-rosa DC. (Leguminosae), a prospective postcoital contraceptive agent, were carried out in rats. A dose of 150 mg/ kg was administered to rats for 6, 12, 18 and 24 days. The level of blood sugar, serum proteins, serum GPT and GOT showed variations within the normal range except at the highest dose regimen. Leucocyte counts and haemoglobin values were within normal limits. Protein content, glycogen content, activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase, level of total and esterified cholesterol, adenosine triphosphatase, and glucose 6-phosphatase activity showed no significant change at initial durations except with the 24 day regimen. However, the adrenal glands showed significant change. In addition, no significant histopathological lesions were observed. In conclusion, the butanol extract appears to be generally safe in rats at these acute and subacute dosage regimens.
Controlled assembly of multi-segment nanowires by histidine-tagged peptides (2006)

A facile technique was demonstrated for the controlled assembly and alignment of multi-segment nanowires using bioengineered polypeptides. An elastin-like-polypeptide (ELP)-based biopolymer consisting of a hexahistine cluster at each end (His(6)-ELP-His(6)) was generated and purified by taking advantage of the reversible phase transition property of ELP. The affinity between the His(6) domain of biopolymers and the nickel segment of multi-segment nickel/gold/nickel nanowires was exploited for the directed assembly of nanowires onto peptide-functionalized electrode surfaces. The presence of the ferromagnetic nickel segments on the nanowires allowed the control of directionality by an external magnetic field. Using this method, the directed assembly and positioning of multi-segment nanowires across two microfabricated nickel electrodes in a controlled manner was accomplished with the expected ohmic contact.
Direct measurement of magnetic circular dichroism and Kerr rotation spectra in vacuum ultraviolet using four-mirror polarizer (1995)

A reflection-type four-mirror polarizer has been constructed and used in magnetocircular dichroism and Kerr rotation studies in the vacuum ultraviolet region. Geometrical properties and polarization characteristics were measured. The polarizer is sufficient to convert linearly polarized synchrotron radiation into circularly polarized light. Magneto-optical measurements were performed using magnetization modulation technique, and measured magnetocircular dichroism and Kerr rotation spectra in yttrium iron garnet were shown to satisfy the Kramers–Kronig relation. It is concluded that the reflection-type four-mirror polarizer together with the synchrotron radiation can be used in magneto-optical studies with high precision.
Processing of monopole compressional in slow formation (2004)

Slowness time coherence (STC) processing (Kimball and Marzetta, 1984), is a robust and reliable technique to obtain the slowness of the formation from an array of sonic waveforms. The processing is robust automatic and provides easy evaluation of arrivals across an array of sonic waveforms. Nevertheless, in some instances, if the wave propagation is complex, the usual evaluation procedures used in the processing may lead to erroneous results. An example is very slow formations, in which the compressional wave can be as slow as, or even slower than, the mud in the borehole. In this case, the main component of the monopole waveforms is a borehole mode, dispersive, which propagates at the mud slowness. The compressional head wave vanishes because the energy is refracted away. Under these circumstances, when using conventional procedures, the compressional slowness log reads the mud slowness in slow intervals. Therefore, improved processing to extract the compressional slowness of the formation is required. In this paper a methodology is presented to obtain the compressional slowness of a slow formation. The first part of this processing consists of correcting the dispersion of the borehole mode to obtain the low‐frequency asymptote corresponding to the compressional slowness of the formation. Simultaneously, the waveforms are filtered using an optimal bandpass filter, which is based on a sensitivity analysis. Examples involving actual datasets demonstrate the efficiency of the new processing.
The Simulation of Three-Dimensional Convective Storm Dynamics (1978)

A new three-dimensional cloud model has been developed for investigating the dynamic character of convective storms. This model solves the compressible equations of motion using a splitting procedure which provides numerical efficiency by treating the sound wave modes separately. For the subgrid turbulence processes, a time-dependent turbulence energy equation is solved which depends on local buoyancy, shear and dissipation. First-order closure is applied to nearly conservative variables with eddy coefficients based on the computed turbulence energy. Open lateral boundaries are incorporated in the model that respond to internal forcing and permit gravity waves to propagate out of the integration domain with little apparent reflection. Microphysical processes are included in the model using a Kessler-type parameterization. Simulations conducted for an unsheared environment reveal that the updraft temperatures follow a moist adiabatic lapse rate and that the convection is dissipated by water loading of the updraft. The influence of a one-directional shear on the storm development is also investigated. A simulation with a veering and backing wind profile exhibits interesting features which include a double vortex circulation, cell splitting and, secondary cell formation.
SHORTER NOTICES (1998)

SHORTER NOTICES Get access JULIA M. H. SMITH JULIA M. H. SMITH University of St Andrews Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume CXIII, Issue 451, April 1998, Pages 395–396, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/CXIII.451.395 Published: 01 April 1998
Carboxylate-Directed In Vivo Assembly of Virus-like Nanorods and Tubes for the Display of Functional Peptides and Residues (2013)

Uniform dimensions and genetic tractability make filamentous viruses attractive templates for the display of functional groups used in materials science, sensor applications, and vaccine development. However, active virus replication and recombination often limit the usefulness of these viruses for such applications. To circumvent these limitations, genetic modifications of selected negatively charged intersubunit carboxylate residues within the coat protein of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) were neutralized so as to stabilize the assembly of rod-shaped virus-like particles (VLPs) within bacterial expression systems. Here we show that TMV-VLP nanorods are easily purified, stable, and can be programmed in a variety of configurations to display functional peptides for antibody and small molecule binding.
NEW METHOD FOR ULTRA WIDE BAND AND HIGH GAIN RECTANGULAR DIELECTRIC ROD ANTENNA DESIGN (2013)

A novel method for tapered rectangular dielectric rod antenna design is presented. This method can be used to design from millimetre to terahertz antennas. The work modes of antenna have been analysed. The input modes are fundamental mode and second mode, and the end-flre mode is only fundamental mode. The calculation formulas for bottom diameter and top diameter are given according to the work modes. In order to avoid standing wave in the antenna, the wave will not re∞ect on the boundary surface of antenna. The calculation formula of antenna length is given based on the radial theory. Difierent shaped 300GHz antennas have been designed based on the method. The results indicate that this method is suitable for difierent shapes of rectangular rod antennas. We also give the other two 1THz and 32GHz antenna design to demonstrate this method. The antenna gain will increase with the length expanding based on our design. The bottom and top diameters can be tuned slightly because the work mode formulas of rectangular dielectric waveguide are derived approximately. As an example difierent tuning designs of 100GHz indicate that the tuning region is based on the calculation results. The design results have ultra wide bandwidth which is almost 50% of centre frequency and high gain.
Strain dependent resistance in chemical vapor deposition grown graphene (2011)

The strain dependence of conductance of monolayer graphene has been studied experimentally here. The results illustrate the notable transitions: the slight increase, the dramatic decrease, and the sudden dropping of the conductance by gradually increasing the uniaxial strain. The graphene conductance behaves reversibly by tuning of the elastic tensile strain up to 4.5%, while it fails to recover after the plastic deformation at 5%. The change in conductance due to strain is surprisingly high, which indicates the potential applications in electromechanical devices.
ScribbleBox: Interactive Annotation Framework for Video Object Segmentation (2020)

Manually labeling video datasets for segmentation tasks is extremely time consuming. In this paper, we introduce ScribbleBox, a novel interactive framework for annotating object instances with masks in videos. In particular, we split annotation into two steps: annotating objects with tracked boxes, and labeling masks inside these tracks. We introduce automation and interaction in both steps. Box tracks are annotated efficiently by approximating the trajectory using a parametric curve with a small number of control points which the annotator can interactively correct. Our approach tolerates a modest amount of noise in the box placements, thus typically only a few clicks are needed to annotate tracked boxes to a sufficient accuracy. Segmentation masks are corrected via scribbles which are efficiently propagated through time. We show significant performance gains in annotation efficiency over past work. We show that our ScribbleBox approach reaches 88.92% J&F on DAVIS2017 with 9.14 clicks per box track, and 4 frames of scribble annotation.
Optical coherence tomography microangiography for monitoring the response of vascular perfusion to external pressure on human skin tissue (2014)

Characterization of the relationship between external pressure and blood flow is important in the examination of pressure-induced disturbance in tissue microcirculation. Optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based microangiography is a promising imaging technique, capable of providing the noninvasive extraction of functional vessels within the skin tissue with capillary-scale resolution. Here, we present a feasibility study of OCT microangiography (OMAG) to evaluate changes in blood perfusion in response to externally applied pressure on human skin tissue in vivo. External force is loaded normal to the tissue surface at the nailfold region of a healthy human volunteer. An incremental force is applied step by step and then followed by an immediate release. Skin perfusion events including baseline are continuously imaged by OMAG, allowing for visualization and quantification of the capillary perfusion in the nailfold tissue. The tissue strain maps are simultaneously evaluated through the available OCT structural images to assess the relationship of the microcirculation response to the applied pressure. The results indicate that the perfusion progressively decreases with the constant increase of pressure. Reactive hyperemia occurs right after the removal of the pressure. The perfusion returns to the baseline level after a few minutes. These findings suggest that OMAG may have great potential for quantitatively assessing tissue microcirculation in the locally pressed tissue in vivo.
Fabrication of novel plasmonics-active substrates (2009)

This paper describes methodologies for fabricating of highly efficient plasmonics-active SERS substrates - having metallic nanowire structures with pointed geometries and sub-5 nm gap between the metallic nanowires enabling concentration of high EM fields in these regions - on a wafer-scale by a reproducible process that is compatible with large-scale development of these substrates. Excitation of surface plasmons in these nanowire structures leads to substantial enhancement in the Raman scattering signal obtained from molecules lying in the vicinity of the nanostructure surface. The methodologies employed included metallic coating of silicon nanowires fabricated by employing deep UV lithography as well as controlled growth of silicon germanium on silicon nanostructures to form diamond-shaped nanowire structures followed by metallic coating. These SERS substrates were employed for detecting chemical and biological molecules of interest. In order to characterize the SERS substrates developed in this work, we obtained SERS signals from molecules such as p-mercaptobenzoic acid (pMBA) and cresyl fast violet (CFV) attached to or adsorbed on the metal-coated SERS substrates. It was observed that both gold-coated triangular shaped nanowire substrates as well as gold-coated diamond shaped nanowire substrates provided very high SERS signals for the nanowires having sub-15 nm gaps and that the SERS signal depends on the closest spacing between the metal-coated silicon and silicon germanium nanowires. SERS substrates developed by the different processes were also employed for detection of biological molecules such as DPA (Dipicolinic Acid), an excellent marker for spores of bacteria such as Anthrax.
Rheograms of filled polymer melts from melt‐flow index (1983)

Abstract Polymers filled with extending fillers, such as calcium carbonate or talc, or with reinforcing fillers, such as glass fibers or mica, are increasingly being used in a number of applications. The addition of fillers to a polymer changes the melt rheological behavior of the polymer. A knowledge of the viscosity vs . shear‐rate flow curves of the filled system at various temperatures and as a function of filler parameters (such as filler type, shape, and amount) is necessary for process design, optimization, and trouble shooting. The generation of such rheological data is ezpensive and cumbersome in view of the broad range of fillers and the large numbers of filler parameters. In the present article, a unifying approach is proposed that coalesces the flow curves of filled systems of a polymer at various temperatures into a master curve that is independent of the filler parameters. An effective methods is presented to estimate the rheograms of filled systems with the use of a master curve, characteristic of a genetic resin type, knowing the melt‐flow index and glass‐transition temperature of the system. Master curves have been reported for filled system of low‐density polyethylene, high‐density polyethylene, poly‐propylene polystyrene, nylons, poly(ethylene terephthalate), and polycarbonate.