gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Supporting range and segment-based hysteresis thresholding in edge detection (2008)

One of the important steps in gradient-based edge detection is thresholding, e.g., hysteresis thresholding in the Canny detector. Traditional approaches only use gradient magnitude as the criterion to select edge pixels. We introduce a novel saliency measure called supporting range. It measures the range along the gradient direction of an edge pixel in which its gradient magnitude is a local maximum. As the result, our approach can detect the edge pixels on object boundaries even if they have very low gradient magnitude. In addition, unlike the Canny detector, the proposed hysteresis thresholding approach is based on segments instead of individual pixels. This also makes the approach more robust to detect edge pixels on weak boundaries.
Ganciclovir Antiviral Therapy in Advanced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: An Open Pilot Study (2011)

Hypothesis. Repeated epithelial cell injury secondary to viruses such as Epstein Barr and subsequent dysfunctional repair may be central to the pathogenesis of IPF. In this observational study, we evaluated whether a combination of standard and anti-viral therapy might have an impact on disease progression. Methods. Advanced IPF patients who failed standard therapy and had serological evidence of previous EBV, received ganciclovir (iv) at 5 mg/kg twice daily. Forced vital capacity (FVC), shuttle walk test, DTPA scan and prednisolone dose were measured before and 8 weeks post-treatment. Results. Fourteen patients were included. After ganciclovir, eight patients showed improvement in FVC and six deteriorated. The median reduction of prednisolone dose was 7.5 mg (44%). Nine patients were classified "responders" of whom four showed an improvement in all four criteria, while three of the five "non-responders" showed no response in any of the criteria. Responders showed reduction in prednisolone dosage (P = .02) and improved DTPA clearance (P = .001). Conclusion. This audit outcome suggests that 2-week course of ganciclovir (iv) may attenuate disease progression in a subgroup of advanced IPF patients. These observations do not suggest that anti-viral treatment is a substitute for the standard care, however, suggests the need to explore the efficacy of ganciclovir as adjunctive therapy in IPF.
Crack Detection of Power Line Based on Metal Magnetic Memory Non-destructive (2014)

Visual inspection method using helicopter equipped with infrared and ultraviolet camera is often employed to check the transmission status of power line, but it is so expensive and unsafe relative to using power line robot to implement crack detection of power line. In this paper a new measuring method is proposed using metal magnetic memory non-destructive (MMMNDT) to to automatically detect defects or abnormal conditions based on a completely autonomous mobile platform capable of a meaningful payload for signal data processing. In this work one kind of brand-new mechanical structure has been designed for inspection robot, and some important parts of the mechanical structure have been fully explained. At the same time, a detection system of the robot has been designed based on MMMNDT. The results of experiments about the crack detection of power line show that the robot can satisfactorily span obstacles automatically and fulfill the specified inspection tasks, experiment results of the detection system verified that this diagnosis system is feasible and can be applied to power line detection.
Sir2 Regulation by Nicotinamide Results from Switching between Base Exchange and Deacetylation Chemistry (2003)

Life span regulation and inhibition of gene silencing in yeast have been linked to nicotinamide effects on Sir2 enzymes. The Sir2 enzymes are NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylases that influence gene expression by forming deacetylated proteins, nicotinamide and 2'-O-acetyl-ADPR. Nicotinamide is a base-exchange substrate as well as a biologically effective inhibitor. Characterization of the base-exchange reaction reveals that nicotinamide regulates sirtuins by switching between deacetylation and base exchange. Nicotinamide switching is quantitated for the Sir2s from Archeaglobus fulgidus (Sir2Af2), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sir2p), and mouse (Sir2alpha). Inhibition of deacetylation was most effective for mouse Sir2 alpha, suggesting species-dependent development of this regulatory mechanism. The Sir2s are proposed to form a relatively stable covalent intermediate between ADPR and the acetyl oxygen of the acetyllysine-protein substrate. During the lifetime of this intermediate, nicotinamide occupation of the catalytic site determines the fate of the covalent complex. Saturation of the nicotinamide site for mouse, yeast, and bacterial Sir2s causes 95, 65, and 21% of the intermediate, respectively, to return to acetylated protein. The fraction of the intermediate committed to deacetylation results from competition between the nicotinamide and the neighboring 2'-hydroxyl group at the opposite stereochemical face. Nicotinamide switching supports the previously proposed Sir2 catalytic mechanism and the existence of a 1'-O-peptidyl-ADPR.Sir2 intermediate. These findings suggest a strategy for increasing Sir2 enzyme catalytic activity in vivo by inhibition of chemical exchange but not deacetylation.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels in Relation to Oxidative Damage and Antioxidant Status in Patients with Breast Cancer (2011)

Increased VEGF level and its positive correlation with oxidative stress level and decreased antioxidant status suggest a link between oxidative stress and malignant transformation.
Pulsatile non-newtonian blood flow in three-dimensional carotid bifurcation models: a numerical study of flow phenomena under different bifurcation angles (1991)

Flow and stress patterns in human carotid artery bifurcation models, which differ in the bifurcation angle, are analysed numerically under physiologically relevant flow conditions. The governing Navier-Stokes equations describing pulsatile, three-dimensional flow of an incompressible non-Newtonian fluid are approximated using a pressure correction finite element method, which has been developed recently. The non-Newtonian behaviour of blood is modelled using Casson's relation, based on measured dynamic viscosity. The study concentrates on flow and stress characteristics in the carotid sinus. The results show that the complex flow in the sinus is affected by the angle variation. The magnitude of reversed flow, the extension of the recirculation zone in the outer sinus region and the duration of flow separation during the pulse cycle as well as the resulting wall shear stress are clearly different in the small angle and in the large angle bifurcation. The haemodynamic phenomena, which are important in atherogenesis, are more pronounced in the large angle bifurcation.
The effects of healthy aging on cerebral hemodynamic responses to posture change (2010)

Aging is associated with an increased incidence of orthostatic hypotension, impairment of the baroreceptor reflex and lower baseline cerebral blood flow. The effect of aging on cerebrovascular autoregulation, however, remains to be fully elucidated. We used a novel optical instrument to assess microvascular cerebral hemodynamics in the frontal lobe cortex of 60 healthy subjects ranging from ages 20-78. Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) were used to measure relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), total hemoglobin concentration (THC), oxyhemoglobin concentration (HbO(2)) and deoxyhemoglobin concentration (Hb). Cerebral hemodynamics were monitored for 5 min at each of the following postures: head-of-bed 30 degrees , supine, standing and supine. Supine-to-standing posture change caused significant declines in rCBF, THC and HbO(2), and an increase in Hb, across the age continuum (p < 0.01). Healthy aging did not alter postural changes in frontal cortical rCBF (p = 0.23) and was associated with a smaller magnitude of decline in HbO(2) (p < 0.05) during supine-to-standing posture change. We conclude that healthy aging does not alter postural changes in frontal cortical perfusion.
Deep 6-DOF Head Motion Prediction for Latency in Lightweight Augmented Reality Glasses (2022)

Computationally expensive rendering of virtual 3D objects in mixed reality applications of lightweight AR glasses can be performed by a remotely connected external server. However, nonnegligible 6DOF pose error caused by the remote rendering latency results in 3D visual inconsistency which can be hardly removed by 2D image correction using IMU. In this paper, we propose a novel 6DOF pose prediction algorithm based on learnable combination of consistent motion model and deep prediction. We formulate the combination of both as controlled residual learning and model ensemble. We build a dataset and demonstrate that our algorithm provides accurate prediction under 200ms.
Generalized Dystonia (1986)

Clinical Neuropharmacology is a peer-reviewed journal devoted to the pharmacology of the nervous system in its broadest sense. Coverage ranges from such basic aspects as mechanisms of action, structure-activity relationships, and drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, to practical clinical problems such as drug interactions, drug toxicity, and therapy for specific syndromes and symptoms. The journal publishes original articles and brief reports, invited and submitted reviews, and letters to the editor. A regular feature is the Patient Management Series: in-depth case presentations with clinical questions and answers.
Redox Response of Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes to Hydrogen Peroxide and Hydrazine (2013)

The surface of a glassy carbon (GC) electrode was modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to evaluate the electrochemical response of the modified GC electrodes to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and hydrazine. The electrode potential of the GC electrode was repeatedly scanned from -1.5 to 0.6 V in an aqueous dispersion of graphene oxide (GO) to deposit rGO on the surface of the GC electrode. The surface morphology of the modified GC electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). SEM and AFM observations revealed that aggregated rGO was deposited on the GC electrode, forming a rather rough surface. The rGO-modified electrodes exhibited significantly higher responses in redox reactions of H₂O₂ as compared with the response of an unmodified GC electrode. In addition, the electrocatalytic activity of the rGO-modified electrode to hydrazine oxidation was also higher than that of the unmodified GC electrode. The response of the rGO-modified electrode was rationalized based on the higher catalytic activity of rGO to the redox reactions of H₂O₂ and hydrazine. The results suggest that rGO-modified electrodes are useful for constructing electrochemical sensors.
A comparison of modelling methods for electronic interconnect structures (2002)

A comparison has been made between the use of 2-dimensional, axisymmetric and 3-dimensional geometry in the finite element analysis of a die attach assembly using conductive adhesives. The axisymmetric geometry was found to be a good approximation to the 3-dimensional geometry and gave considerable savings in computer resources and human effort. The true effect of the corners of the square die modelled was, however, not reflected in the stress level predicted by both of the more computationally efficient but simplified 2-dimensional and axisymmetric models.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Tools for Generating and Analyzing Attack Graphs (2004)

Attack graphs depict ways in which an adversary exploits system vulnerabilities to achieve a desired state. System administrators use attack graphs to determine how vulnerable their systems are and to determine what security measures to deploy to defend their systems. In this paper, we present details of an example to illustrate how we specify and analyze network attack models. We take these models as input to our attack graph tools to generate attack graphs automatically and to analyze system vulnerabilities. While we have published our generation and analysis algorithms in earlier work, the presentation of our example and toolkit is novel to this paper.
A 1Mb CMOS DRAM with a divided bitline matrix architecture (1985)

Application of a divided bitline matrix architecture, combined with a 1.2μ double metal CMOS process has resulted in the development of a 5V 1Mb DRAM with an array area to die ratio of 56.6%. Over 80% of the total die area is repairable using laser programmed redundant rows and columns.
An 80 ns 1 Mbit MASK ROM with a new memory cell (1984)

A high-speed 1-Mb MASK ROM incorporating a new through-hole programmed memory cell, named THOLE CELL, and a full CMOS static sense amplifier is described. The ROM has been fabricated using a double-polysilicon p-well CMOS technology. As a result of achieving a compact ROM cell that is as small as 5.2-/spl times/6.4 /spl mu/m/SUP 2/, even with relatively conservative 2.0 /spl mu/m design rules, a small die size of 7.08/spl times/7.7 mm/SUP 2/ is realized. The ROM organization is 128K/spl times/8 bit and has a typical access time of 80 ns. A typical active current of 8 mA is achieved, in spite of the fully static system. This ROM offers high speed and low power characteristics, while achieving small die size and short turnaround time.
Alignment and switching behaviors of liquid crystal on a-SiOx thin films deposited by a filtered cathodic arc process (2007)

A new method is described for the preparation of silicon oxide layers, which produces vertical alignment of liquid crystal with controlled pretilt angles, by a reactive filtered cathodic arc deposition under oblique incidence geometry. The pretilt angle is dependent on the angle of deposition, but is not simply caused by the surface roughness. The achievable pretilt angle by this method is ∼5.5°, which allows uniform switching behavior under an applied electric field.
Half-Sandwich Rare Earth Metal Catalysts for Olefin Polymerization and Copolymerization (2005)

This article describes the synthesis and polymerization catalysis of rare earth metal bis (alkyl) complexes bearing mono (cyclopentadienyl) ligands. Polymerization and copolymerization of ethylene, 1-hexene, styrene, norbornene, dicyclopentadiene, 1, 3-hexadiene, cyclohexene oxide, and carbon dioxide are reported. Many of these reactions show unprecedented regio-and stereoselectivity, and afford a series of new polymers that were difficult to be prepared previously by other catalysts.
Vitamin K Content of Foods and Dietary Vitamin K Intake in Japanese Young Women (2007)

Several reports indicate an important role for vitamin K in bone health as well as blood coagulation. However, the current Adequate Intakes (AI) might not be sufficient for the maintenance of bone health. To obtain a closer estimate of dietary intake of phylloquinone (PK) and menaquinones (MKs), PK, MK-4 and MK-7 contents in food samples (58 food items) were determined by an improved high-performance liquid chromatography method. Next, we assessed dietary vitamin K intake in young women living in eastern Japan using vitamin K contents measured here and the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan. PK was widely distributed in green vegetables and algae, and high amounts were found in spinach and broccoli (raw, 498 and 307 microg/100 g wet weight, respectively). Although MK-4 was widely distributed in animal products, overall MK-4 content was lower than PK. MK-7 was observed characteristically in fermented soybean products such as natto (939 microg/100 g). The mean total vitamin K intake of all subjects (using data from this study and Japanese food composition tables) was about 230 microg/d and 94% of participants met the AI of vitamin K for women aged 18-29 y in Japan, 60 microg/d. The contributions of PK, MK-4 and MK-7 to total vitamin K intake were 67.7, 7.3 and 24.9%, respectively. PK from vegetables and algae and MK-7 from pulses (including fermented soybean foods) were the major contributors to the total vitamin K intake of young women living in eastern Japan.
FLAVOR CHANGES PRODUCED BY WINE AND FOOD INTERACTIONS: CHARDONNAY WINE AND HOLLANDAISE SAUCE (2001)

ABSTRACT The change in flavor produced by food and wine interactions was explored using descriptive analysis of Hollandaise sauce prepared with two levels of butter and three wines: a Chardonnay which was unoaked, acidified with 1.5 g/L citric acid or aged in oak for one year. To measure the effect of the sauce on wine flavor, the intensity of citrus, buttery, and toasted flavor by mouth and of sourness and bitterness was rated in each wine before and after each sauce was tasted. In a second testing series, lemon, brothy and creamy‐butter flavor by mouth and creamy mouthfeel were rated for each sauce before and after tasting each wine. The effect of Hollandaise sauce on wine flavor was greater than the effect of wines on sauce flavor, with the higher fat sauce having a slightly larger effect overall. Sour and bitter flavors of the wines decreased in intensity after Hollandaise sauce was tasted, while the buttery flavor by mouth increased. The toasted flavor decreased significantly in the oaked wine after the sauce had been tasted, while citrus flavor was decreased only for the unoaked wine.
Prolog to "Fault Injection Attacks on Cryptographic Devices: Theory, Practice, and Countermeasures" (2012)

This paper offers an overview of symmetric and asymmetric key ciphers and it explains the state-of-the-art approach to fault-injection-based attacks and countermeasures.
Adenovirus-based overexpression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 reduces tissue damage in the joints of tumor necrosis factor ? transgenic mice (2001)

These results indicate a central role of MMPs in TNFalpha-mediated tissue damage in vivo and a promising therapeutic role for TIMP-1.
Monoclonal antibodies to Treponema pallidum. (1984)

Three successive fusions of mouse myeloma cells and spleen lymphocytes of a mouse immunized with Treponema Pallidum resulted in one hybridoma producing anti T. pallidum antibodies for each fusion. The mice were immunized with live pallidum cells respectively 1, 3 and 5 months before fusion and with antigen purified on density gradients 4, 3 and 2 days before fusion. Hybridomas cultures were tested for antibody production with an Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and a Western blotting technique. Two of the three anti T. pallidum antibody producing hybridomas were found with the ELISA, the third was found with a Western blotting technique. These hybridomas were also tested for the production of antibodies to rabbit antigens and T. phagedenis antigens in the ELISA: none appeared to be positive. Two of the hybridomas produce antibodies to a T. pallidum protein antigen of a molecular weight of 46 000: one hybridoma produces antibodies to a T. pallidum protein antigen of a molecular weight of 44 000 as determined by the Western blotting. Antibodies against these antigens are found during almost all stages of syphilis in man. One of the hybridomas produces monoclonal antibodies that react with treponemal antigen from E. coli cells, prepared by recombinant DNA technology as appeared in the Western blotting technique and this antibody will be used for purification of the 44 000 protein.
Apoptosis induced by duck plague virus CY07 strain and influence of apoptosis on virus multiplication (2009)

Apoptosis induced by duck plague virus(DPV) CY07 strain was investigated with Hochest 33258,and then multiplication pattern of DPV CY07 on duck embryo fibroblasts(DEF) was determined by real-time PCR.The results indicated that apoptosis occurred and reached the peak value 12.85% at 12h post-inoculation,while apoptosis induced by DPV standard strain reached the peak value 10.57% at 8h post-inoculation.The amount of DPV CY07 increased dramatically at 20h post-inoculation and reached 102.02 times of that at 1h post-inoculation.The amount of DPV standard strain increased dramatically at 16h post-inoculation and reached 102.21 times of that at 1h post-inoculation.The ability of DPV CY07 to induce apoptosis was stronger than that of DPV standard strain,which was possibly a main reason for its stronger virulence.
A novel low-overhead flexible instrumentation framework for virtual platforms (2011)

Instrumentation methods for code profiling, tracing and semihosting on virtual platforms (VP) and instruction-set simulators (ISS) rely on function call and system call interception. To reduce instrumentation overhead that can affect program behavior and timing, we propose a novel low-overhead flexible instrumentation framework called Virtual Platform Instrumentation (VPI). The VPI framework uses a new table-based parameter-passing method that reduces the runtime overhead of instrumentation to only that of the interception. Furthermore, it provides a high-level interface to extend the functionality of any VP or ISS with debugging support, without changes to their source code. Our framework unifies the implementation of tracing, profiling and semihosting use cases, while at the same time reducing detrimental runtime overhead on the target as much as 90% compared to widely deployed traditional methods, without significant simulation time penalty.
Gene Trap Tagging of <i>PROLIFERA</i> , an Essential <i>MCM2-3-5</i> -Like Gene in <i>Arabidopsis</i> (1995)

Gene trap transposon mutagenesis can identify essential genes whose functions in later development are obscured by an early lethal phenotype. In higher plants, many genes are required for haploid gametophyte viability, so that the phenotypic effects of their disruption cannot be readily observed in the diploid plant body. The PROLIFERA (PRL) gene, identified by gene trap transposon mutagenesis in Arabidopsis, is required for megaga-metophyte and embryo development. Reporter gene expression patterns revealed that PRL was expressed in dividing cells throughout the plant. PRL is related to the MCM2-3-5 family of yeast genes that are required for the initiation of DNA replication.
An efficient approach to reduce alerts generated by multiple IDS products (2014)

SUMMARY Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) often trigger a huge number of unnecessary alerts. Managing the overwhelming number of alerts, especially from multiple IDS products, is a concern to every security analyst. Analyzing and evaluating these alerts is a difficult task that frustrates the effort of analysts. In fact, true alerts are usually buried under heaps of false alerts. We have identified several research gaps in the existing alert management approaches that need to be addressed, especially when handling alerts from different IDS products. In this work, we present an efficient alert management approach that reduces the unnecessary alerts produced by different IDS products using two main modules: an enhanced alert verification module that validates alerts with vulnerability assessment data; and an enhanced alert aggregator module that reduces redundant alerts and presents them in the form of meta alerts. Finally, we have carried out experiments in our test bed and recorded impressive results in terms of high accuracy and low false positive rate for multiple IDS products. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.