gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Distinct KIR/HLA compound genotypes affect the kinetics of human antiviral natural killer cell responses (2008)

Genetic studies suggest a role for killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor/HLA (KIR/HLA) compound genotypes in the outcome of viral infections, but functional data to explain these epidemiological observations have not been reported. Using an in vitro model of infection with influenza A virus (IAV), we attribute functional differences in human NK cell activity to distinct KIR/HLA genotypes. Multicolor flow cytometry revealed that the HLA-C-inhibited NK cell subset in HLA-C1 homozygous subjects was larger and responded more rapidly in IFN-gamma secretion and CD107a degranulation assays than its counterpart in HLA-C2 homozygous subjects. The differential IFN-gamma response was also observed at the level of bulk NK cells and was independent of KIR3DL1/HLA-Bw4 interactions. Moreover, the differential response was not caused by differences in NK cell maturation status and phenotype, nor by differences in the type I IFN response of IAV-infected accessory cells between HLA-C1 and HLA-C2 homozygous subjects. These results provide functional evidence for differential NK cell responsiveness depending on KIR/HLA genotype and may provide useful insights into differential innate immune responsiveness to viral infections such as IAV.
Treatment of Sepsis Pathogenesis with High Mobility Group Box Protein 1-Regulating Anti-inflammatory Agents (2016)

Sepsis is one of the major causes of death worldwide when associated with multiple organ failure. However, there is a critical lack of adequate sepsis therapies because of its diverse patterns of pathogenesis. The pro-inflammatory cytokine cascade mediates sepsis pathogenesis, and high mobility group box proteins (HMGBs) play an important role as late-stage cytokines. We previously reported the small-molecule modulator, inflachromene (1d), which inhibits the release of HMGBs and, thereby, reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this context, we intraperitoneally administered 1d to a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced mouse model of sepsis and confirmed that it successfully ameliorated sepsis pathogenesis. On the basis of a structure-activity relationship study, we discovered new candidate compounds, 2j and 2l, with improved therapeutic efficacy in vivo. Therefore, our study clearly demonstrates that the regulation of HMGB1 release using small molecules is a promising strategy for the treatment of sepsis.
Nondopaminergic symptomatic therapies for Parkinson’s disease (2003)

The focus of experimental therapeutics for Parkinson disease (PD) is on neuroprotection to slow progression.1 However, patients with PD need better symptomatic treatments, especially patients with advanced disease with motor fluctuations. PD is a disorder of dopaminergic neurons, so dopamine replacement strategies are the most effective symptomatic treatments. However, these strategies may have long-term complications such as motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. Current nondopaminergic therapies such as anticholinergics provide relatively little benefit to a minority of patients.

Adenosine antagonists have long been thought to have potential for treatment of PD.2 Clinical trials of the nonselective adenosine antagonists caffeine and theophylline, however, have been unimpressive.2-4⇓⇓ In animal models of PD, selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonists enhance dopamine benefit—importantly, without worsening dyskinesias.5,6⇓ This issue of Neurology reports the …
Generalized non-blocking copy networks (2002)

A generalized non-blocking copy network based on a broadcast Clos (1953) network is proposed. We show that if the set of input connection requests is ordered, the broadcast Clos network is non-blocking and route assignment can be done by using the rank of each connection request. Packet replications and routing are achieved by the generalized interval splitting algorithm. We show that the broadcast Clos network can be considered as the cascade combination of a reverse omega network and a broadcast omega network. The construction of copy network is therefore no longer limited to 2/spl times/2 switching elements. By recursively constructing the reverse omega and the omega networks using 2/spl times/2 switching elements, we show that the proposed copy network is the generalization of Lee's architecture (1988).
2D Materials for Universal Thermal Imaging of Micro- and Nanodevices: An Application to Gallium Oxide Electronics (2020)

We highlight the flexibility of two-dimensional (2D) materials for advancing current technologies through the introduction of 2D Raman thermography (2DRT). 2DRT combines monolayer materials and Raman spectroscopy to perform thermal imaging of micro- and nanodevices. In contrast to peak shift and line width based methods for Raman thermal analysis, 2DRT uses the anti-Stokes/Stokes intensity ratio which is only sensitive to temperature. To demonstrate the technique, monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was transferred to the surface of devices based on β-gallium oxide (Ga2O3), an emerging ultrawide-bandgap semiconductor for high-frequency and high-power applications. The validation of the technique was performed on an (AlGa)2O3/Ga2O3 modulation-doped field effect transistor by using nanoparticle-assisted Raman thermometry. The peak operating temperature, a critical device performance metric, is underestimated by ∼30% by using standard Raman thermometry when compared to 2DRT. Finally, the 2D thermal imaging capabilities of 2DRT were demonstrated on an (AlGa)2O3/Ga2O3 transmission line measurement structure.
Soluble saccharides and cyclitols in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) somatic embryos, leaflets, and mature seeds (1995)

Soluble carbohydrates were identified and quantified during development, maturation and desiccation of somatic embryos of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and compared to soluble carbohydrates in leaflets and mature seeds, to relate changes in soluble carbohydrates to maturation events. Somatic embryos have elevated levels of sucrose. However, in contrast to mature seeds, alfalfa somatic embryos do not accumulate d-pinitol or the galactosyl derivatives of d-pinitol such as galactopinitol A, galactopinitol B and ciceritol. Lower levels of stachyose accumulate during maturation of somatic embryos, but stachyose increases to levels in mature seeds during desiccation of somatic embryos. When stachyose accumulation is limited in somatic embryos, galactinol and digalactosyl myo-inositol increase. Reducing sugars decline to low levels during desiccation of somatic embryos and sucrose: oligosaccharide ratio decreases from 2.7 to 0.9, approaching the ratio 0.2 to 0.3 in mature dry seeds. Except for the lack of pinitol and galactosyl pinitols, changes in soluble carbohydrates during the maturation and desiccation of alfalfa somatic embryos are typical of changes occurring in mature seeds that have been reported to be associated with desiccation tolerance and storability.
Performance Analysis of SC-FDMA in the Presence of Receiver Phase Noise (2012)

In this paper we study the effect of receiver phase noise on single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA). We show that common phase error rotates all the symbols by a certain angle and that the higher order frequency components of phase noise result in inter-carrier interference, or ICI and draw parallels to orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). We then study the effect of phase noise on the performance of linear receivers that are often used in practice. In particular, we show that the amount of ICI affecting the sub-carriers depends closely on the allocation of sub-carriers among different users and prove that the performance of linear receivers in the presence of receiver phase noise deteriorates much more in the case of interleaved SC-FDMA than in the case of localized SC-FDMA. We identify the association of the significant phase noise components with the components of multi-user interference to be the fundamental reason behind the performance gap between interleaved and localized SC-FDMA.
TCR Vα14+ natural killer T cells function as effector T cells in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (2005)

Natural killer (NK) T cells are a unique, recently identified cell population and are suggested to act as regulatory cells in autoimmune disorders. In the present study, designed to investigate the role of NKT cells in arthritis development, we attempted to induce arthritis by immunization of type II collagen (CIA) in Jalpha281 knock out (NKT-KO) and CD1d knock out (CD1d-KO) mice, which are depleted of NKT cells. From the results, the incidence of arthritis (40%) and the arthritis score (1.5 +/- 2.2 and 2.0 +/- 2.7) were reduced in NKT-KO and CD1d-KO mice compared to those in respective wild type mice (90%, 5.4 +/- 3.2 and 2.0 +/- 2.7, P < 0.01). Anti-CII antibody levels in the sera of NKT-KO and CD1d-KO mice were significantly decreased compared to the controls (OD values; 0.32 +/- 0.16 and 0.29 +/- 0.06 versus 0.58 +/- 0.08 and 0.38 +/- 0.08, P < 0.01). These results suggest that NKT cells play a role as effector T cells in CIA. Although the cell proliferative response and cytokine production in NKT-KO mice after the primary immunization were comparable to those in wild type mice, the ratios of both activated T or B cells were lower in NKT-KO mice than wild type mice after secondary immunization (T cells: 9.9 +/- 1.8% versus 16.0 +/- 3.4%, P < 0.01, B cells: 4.1 +/- 0.5% versus 5.1 +/- 0.7%, P < 0.05), suggesting that inv-NKT cells contribute to the pathogenicity in the development phase of arthritis. In addition, IL-4 and IL-1beta mRNA expression levels in the spleen during the arthritis development phase were lower in NKT-KO mice, while the IFN-gamma mRNA expression level was temporarily higher. These results suggest that inv-NKT cells influence cytokine production in arthritis development. In conclusion, inv-NKT cells may promote the generation of arthritis, especially during the development rather than the initiation phase.
Properties of genes essential for mouse development (2017)

Essential genes are those that are critical for life. In the specific case of the mouse, they are the set of genes whose deletion means that a mouse is unable to survive after birth. As such, they are the key minimal set of genes needed for all the steps of development to produce an organism capable of life ex utero. We explored a wide range of sequence and functional features to characterise essential (lethal) and non-essential (viable) genes in mice. Experimental data curated manually identified 1301 essential genes and 3451 viable genes. Very many sequence features show highly significant differences between essential and viable mouse genes. Essential genes generally encode complex proteins, with multiple domains and many introns. These genes tend to be: long, highly expressed, old and evolutionarily conserved. These genes tend to encode ligases, transferases, phosphorylated proteins, intracellular proteins, nuclear proteins, and hubs in protein-protein interaction networks. They are involved with regulating protein-protein interactions, gene expression and metabolic processes, cell morphogenesis, cell division, cell proliferation, DNA replication, cell differentiation, DNA repair and transcription, cell differentiation and embryonic development. Viable genes tend to encode: membrane proteins or secreted proteins, and are associated with functions such as cellular communication, apoptosis, behaviour and immune response, as well as housekeeping and tissue specific functions. Viable genes are linked to transport, ion channels, signal transduction, calcium binding and lipid binding, consistent with their location in membranes and involvement with cell-cell communication. From the analysis of the composite features of essential and viable genes, we conclude that essential genes tend to be required for intracellular functions, and viable genes tend to be involved with extracellular functions and cell-cell communication. Knowledge of the features that are over-represented in essential genes allows for a deeper understanding of the functions and processes implemented during mammalian development.
High-performance control of synchronous reluctance motors (1997)

Based on a (d,q) synchronous frame, the control problems of synchronous reluctance motors are outlined. In particular, the effect of magnetic saturation, core loss, and angular measurement errors of various types are evidenced. A flux-observer-based control scheme, capable of overcoming most of the above problems, is proposed. The proposed control has been implemented on a prototype drive, adopting a 17-N/spl middot/m 8000-r/min motor. The experimental results show quite a good performance, with particular emphasis on those applications which require a large constant-power speed range.
Memory-adaptive scheduling for large query execution (1998)

Article Free Access Share on Memory-adaptive scheduling for large query execution Authors: Luc Bouganim PRiSM, Versailles, France PRiSM, Versailles, FranceView Profile , Olga Kapitskaia INRIA, Rocquencourt, France INRIA, Rocquencourt, FranceView Profile , Patrick Valduriez INRIA, Rocquencourt, France INRIA, Rocquencourt, FranceView Profile Authors Info & Claims CIKM '98: Proceedings of the seventh international conference on Information and knowledge managementNovember 1998 Pages 105–115https://doi.org/10.1145/288627.288646Online:01 November 1998Publication History 13citation347DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations13Total Downloads347Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks1 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Considerations on automation of coating machines (2015)

Abstract Most deposition chambers sold into the optical coating market today are outfitted with an automated control system. We surveyed several of the larger equipment providers, and nine of them responded with information about their hardware architecture, data logging, level of automation, error handling, user interface, and interfacing options. In this paper, we present a summary of the results of the survey and describe commonalities and differences together with some considerations of tradeoffs, such as between capability for high customization and simplicity of operation.
Reduction in Cardiovascular Events During Pravastatin Therapy (1995)

These pooled results provide strong evidence that pravastatin reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with atherosclerotic disease and mildly to moderately elevated lipid levels. The benefit for reducing myocardial infarction is evident in older and younger patients, men and women, and patients with and without histories of hypertension and prior infarction.
The Mucosal Adjuvant Cyclic di-AMP Exerts Immune Stimulatory Effects on Dendritic Cells and Macrophages (2014)

The cyclic di-nucleotide bis-(3',5')-cyclic dimeric adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is a candidate mucosal adjuvant with proven efficacy in preclinical models. It was shown to promote specific humoral and cellular immune responses following mucosal administration. To date, there is only fragmentary knowledge on the cellular and molecular mode of action of c-di-AMP. Here, we report on the identification of dendritic cells and macrophages as target cells of c-di-AMP. We show that c-di-AMP induces the cell surface up-regulation of T cell co-stimulatory molecules as well as the production of interferon-β. Those responses were characterized by in vitro experiments with murine and human immune cells and in vivo studies in mice. Analyses of dendritic cell subsets revealed conventional dendritic cells as principal responders to stimulation by c-di-AMP. We discuss the impact of the reported antigen presenting cell activation on the previously observed adjuvant effects of c-di-AMP in mouse immunization studies.
Observation and Modeling of Satellite-Sensed Meanders and Eddies off Vancouver Island (1984)

A long time series of satellite infrared images spanning the period 21 July–8 October 1980 reveals the evolution of long (160 km) and short (80 km) wavelength meanders of the California Current System off Vancouver Island. Midway in the series, strong interactions occurred between the two meander scales. Although the shorter meanders were initially more energetic, they were eventually dominated by the longer meanders. Near the end of the time series, detached mesoscale eddies were formed from the longer meanders. Current meter data from the period before meander growth clearly indicates the presence of a strong vertical shear near 150 m, which consists of a southeastward surface current and a northwestward undercurrent. It is argued in this paper that the observed shear flow is the energy source for the meanders and eddies seen in the satellite images. A four-layer, quasi-geostrophic model is used to represent the California Current System off Vancouver Island. The two upper layers represent the surface current and undercurrent respectively, and the two lower layers describe the deep ocean. Linear stability theory suggests that the vertical shear between the two currents maintains meander growth through the mechanism of baroclinic instability. Nonlinear numerical calculations simulate the engulfment of the shorter meander by the longer meanders and also the formation of the detached eddies. An energy analysis indicates two mechanisms at work during engulfment of the shorter meanders. One involves a stronger stabilization of the shorter meanders resulting from an inverse Reynolds stress, and the other consists of a direct nonlinear interaction which transfers energy from the shorter meanders to the longer meanders.
Assessing image segmentation algorithms for sky identification in GNSS (2015)

In order to improve the accuracy of user's position solution using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in urban canyons, it is important to know whether a satellite's signal is obstructed by surrounding buildings. This can be accomplished by using an upward-facing camera and segmenting the image into sky and non-sky. This paper evaluates the Otsu, Mean Shift, Graph cut and HMRF-EM-image image segmentation algorithms for this purpose. Since some algorithms provide two or more categories, segmentation is followed by k-means clustering techniques to yield only two categories; sky and non-sky. The algorithms are tested using images taken using an upward-facing camera at roughly the same locations in different weather conditions: cloudy and sunny. Result shows that, when images are appropriately adjusted, the Otsu method overcomes the three other algorithms in terms of the percentage of sky accurately segmented and is also more computationally efficient. Experiment was also perform in Calgary downtown to show the effect of segmentation on the GNSS accuracy. Results show that, when obstructed satellites are removed, the RMS of the residuals decreases significantly compare to when all satellites are used.
Evaluation of Advanced Reverse Transcription-PCR Assays and an Alternative PCR Target Region for Detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus (2004)

First-generation reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) gave false-negative results in a considerable fraction of patients. In the present study, we evaluated two second-generation, replicase (R) gene-based, real-time RT-PCR test kits--the RealArt HPA coronavirus LC kit (Artus, Hamburg, Germany) and the LightCycler SARS-CoV quantification kit (Roche, Penzberg, Germany)--and a real-time RT-PCR assay for the nucleocapsid (N) gene. Detecting the N-gene RNA might be advantageous due to its high abundance in cells. The kits achieved sensitivities of 70.8% (Artus) and 67.1% (Roche) in 66 specimens from patients with confirmed SARS (samples primarily from the upper and lower respiratory tract and stool). The sensitivity of the N-gene assay was 74.2%. The differences in all of the sensitivities were not statistically significant (P = 0.680 [analysis of variance]). Culture cells initially contained five times more N- than R-gene RNA, but the respective levels converged during 4 days of virus replication. In clinical samples the median concentrations of R- and N-gene RNA, respectively, were 1.2 x 10(6) and 2.8 x 10(6) copies/ml (sputum and endotracheal aspirates), 4.3 x 10(4) and 5.5 x 10(4) copies/ml (stool), and 5.5 x 10(2) and 5.2 x 10(2) copies/sample (throat swabs and saliva). Differences between the samples types were significant but not between the types of target RNA. All (n = 12) samples from the lower respiratory tract tested positive in all tests. In conclusion, the novel assays are more sensitive than the first-generation tests, but they still do not allow a comprehensive ruling out of SARS. Methods for the routine sampling of sputum without infection risk are needed to improve SARS RT-PCR.
Novel cobalt-free oxygen permeable membrane (2004)

A series of cobalt-free and low cost perovskite oxygen permeable membranes based on BaCe(x)Fe(1-x)O(3-delta)(BCF) oxides was successfully synthesized and the membrane showed both high oxygen permeability and high stability under reductive atmosphere, which will be most suitable for constructing a membrane reactor for selective oxidation of light hydrocarbons to syngas or high value corresponding oxygenates.
Treatment Efficacy and Compliance in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema Treated with Ranibizumab in a Real-Life Setting (2018)

Our study confirms the real-life efficacy of ranibizumab in DME at M12 and the need for a large number of injections to achieve better visual outcomes. We also showed a trend to a lower compliance in diabetic versus nAMD patients.
Performance analysis of containerized applications on local and remote storage (2017)

by Qiumin Xu, Manu Awasthi, Krishna T. Malladi, Janki Bhimani, Jingpei Yang and Murali Annavaram
[Sudden death of a patient with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A lyase deficiency]. (1990)

A new case of neonatal 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric aciduria is described. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA lyase activities in leukocytes demonstrated the patient's homozygosity and the heterozygous character of the parents and two other members of the family. Dietetic management with low fat high carbohydrate diet together with protein restriction and carnitine resulted in a good control of the metabolic acidosis, the hypoglycemia, and the physical and neurological development. Nevertheless, sudden death occurred at the age thirteen months without any previous apparent trouble and the necropsia showed neither signs of infection nor hepatic or cardiac derangement.
The Enigmatic Cytokine Oncostatin M and Roles in Disease (2013)

Oncostatin M is a secreted cytokine involved in homeostasis and in diseases involving chronic inflammation. It is a member of the gp130 family of cytokines that have pleiotropic functions in differentiation, cell proliferation, and hematopoetic, immunologic, and inflammatory networks. However, Oncostatin M also has activities novel to mediators of this cytokine family and others and may have fundamental roles in mechanisms of inflammation in pathology. Studies have explored Oncostatin M functions in cancer, bone metabolism, liver regeneration, and conditions with chronic inflammation including rheumatoid arthritis, lung and skin inflammatory disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. This paper will review Oncostatin M biology in a historical fashion and focus on its unique activities, in vitro and in vivo, that differentiate it from other cytokines and inspire further study or consideration in therapeutic approaches.