gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Predicting Phishing Websites using Neural Network trained with Back-Propagation (2013)

Phishing is increasing dramatically with the development of modern technologies and the global worldwide computer networks. This results in the loss of customer’s confidence in e-commerce and online banking, financial damages, and identity theft. Phishing is fraudulent effort aims to acquire sensitive information from users such as credit card credentials, and social security number. In this article, we propose a model for predicting phishing attacks based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN). A Feed Forward Neural Network trained by Back Propagation algorithm is developed to classify websites as phishing or legitimate. The suggested model shows high acceptance ability for noisy data, fault tolerance and high prediction accuracy with respect to false positive and false negative rates.
An ultrahigh vacuum dynamic force microscope for high resonance frequency cantilevers (2005)

We present the design of an ultrahigh vacuum dynamic force microscope incorporating a heterodyne Doppler interferometer and a superheterodyne circuit with an intermediate frequency of 10.7MHz. The method allowed the use of a low-noise narrow-band analog phase-locked loop with a voltage controlled crystal oscillator for demodulating the frequency shifts caused by the interaction force gradients between the tip and the sample at the intermediate frequency. The system could be used for a conventional cantilever operating in its fundamental and higher modes, as well as for small or stiff cantilevers with high resonance frequency up to 100MHz. A preliminary measurement was demonstrated by the observation of the Si(111)−7×7 reconstructed surface with the second resonance of 1.6MHz with subangstrom amplitudes.
Regional enhancement of cannabinoid CB<sub>1</sub> receptor desensitization in female adolescent rats following repeated Δ<sup>9</sup>‐tetrahydrocannabinol exposure (2010)

These results suggest that the brains of adolescent females may be particularly vulnerable to disruption of CB(1) receptor signalling by marijuana abuse. Alternatively, increased desensitization may reflect protective adaptation. Given the extensive re-organization of the brain during adolescence, this disruption has potential long-term consequences for maturation of the endocannabinoid system.
Chronic Selective Endothelin A Receptor Antagonism Reduces Serum Uric Acid in Hypertensive Chronic Kidney Disease (2011)

001 for sitaxsentan vs placebo).
Digital signature on file using biometric fingerprint with fingerprint sensor on smartphone (2017)

Digital signature is a term that use a key pair of user for sign and verify a document. People can create their digital signature using biometric technology. Biometric technology is a concept that allows people to doing an digitally authentication using their bodies, for example by using their fingerprint. Now, fingerprint biometric technology system was available in some smartphone product, so that allows user to unlocking their smartphone only by scanning their fingerprint into smartphone's fingerprint sensor. The combination of that's all technology (digital signature, biometric fingerprint, smartphone with fingerprint sensor) can arise an innovation to make a system that can create a digital signature only using fingerprint on smartphone. This system applied to a method of signing document digitally. When user sending a document to other, user who send the document have to put their fingerprint into smartphone fingerprint sensor and the the document will be encrypted. Then, user who receive the encrypted message will decrypt the message using public key of user who as a sender. In this case, fingerprint is a medium to call the value of user private key from the database. Key pair algorithm for this system is using RSA algorithm.
Ofloxacin-Loaded Liposomes: In Vitro Activity and Drug Accumulation in Bacteria (2000)

Different ofloxacin-loaded unilamellar vesicles were prepared by the extrusion technique, and their antimicrobial activities were determined in comparison to those of the free drug by means of MIC determinations with both American Type Culture Collection standards and wild-type bacterial strains (six strains of Enterococcus faecalis, seven strains of Escherichia coli, six strains of Staphylococcus aureus, and six strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The accumulation of ofloxacin and liposome-ofloxacin was measured by determining the amount of the drug inside the bacteria as a function of time. Encapsulated fluoroquinolone yielded MICs which were at least twofold lower than those obtained with the free drug. In particular, liposomes made up of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine-cholesterol-dipalmitoylphosphatidylser ine and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine-cholesterol-dihexadecylphosphate (4:3:4 molar ratio) provided the best improvement in antimicrobial activity against the various bacterial strains investigated. The liposome formulation produced higher intracellular fluoroquinolone concentrations than those achieved simultaneously with the free drug in both E. coli and P. aeruginosa.
FCC's Media Ownership Plan Axed: Deregulation and the Debate Over Democracy (2003)

FEATURES11.The elder abuse and neglect program has additional means of assisting the mentally competent elderly, which will not be addressed here.12.
Effects of α‐tocopherol and β‐carotene on hepatic lipid peroxidation and blood lipids in rats with dietary iron overload (1996)

The ability of dietary antioxidants to reduce lipid peroxidation induced by iron overload was examined in weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were fed ad libitum a modified AIN-76A diet (control) or control diet with 0.5% alpha-tocopherol acid succinate, 0.5% crystalline trans-beta-carotene, or 0.5% alpha-tocopherol acid succinate + 0.5% trans-beta-carotene for four weeks. In the following four-week period, the animals received the above diets with 10,000 micrograms Fe/g; a control group continued to receive 35 micrograms Fe/g, and a high-iron group received 10,000 micrograms Fe/g with no antioxidants. After four weeks of dietary supplementation with alpha-tocopherol. Beta-carotene or alpha-tocopherol + beta-carotene, liver concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene increased significantly (p < 0.001). Liver lipid peroxidation, measured by the lipid-conjugated diene assay, increased significantly from 0.012 mumol/mg of lipid in the controls to 0.021 mumol/mg of lipid in animals receiving the high-iron diet. However, lipid peroxidation was significantly reduced in all animals fed the antioxidants, with the group fed alpha-tocopherol + beta-carotene having a lower level than the high-iron group. Total serum cholesterol was elevated in animals fed a high-iron diet and in animals fed the high-iron diet with alpha-tocopherol. In contrast, total serum cholesterol levels in the two groups of animals receiving the diets containing high iron with beta-carotene alone or high iron with beta-carotene + alpha-tocopherol were significantly reduced to the level of the control group. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol also decreased to baseline in the animals receiving beta-carotene alone. Modulation of lipid peroxidation by alpha-tocopherol or beta-carotene may be an important mechanism for reducing oxidative stress.
Three-dimensional computer simulation of the cardiac system (1988)

An integrated approach to modeling the cardiac system is described and related to physiological measurements and other model approaches. The model is composed of a number of parts that will ultimately be used as a tool to study the various functions of the cardiac system. The 3-D geometry of the LV is reconstructed by using a helical coordinate system which provides a quantitative tool for shape description and analysis. Analysis of the regular geometry may be achieved using either the analytical helical system or a finite element technique. A simplified geometry is used to study the physiological interrelationship between the global ventricular function and the transmural temporal distribution of parameters which relate to mechanics, perfusion, energetics, and temperature in the myocardium. Transmural electrical activation maps are calculated based on analytical as well as a finite-element approach, eventually to be used in combination with the mechanical model to study LV contraction.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Downregulation of RECK by promoter methylation correlates with lymph node metastasis in non‐small cell lung cancer (2006)

In the present study, we addressed the molecular mechanism of the downregulation of reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK), a critical tumor suppressor that can potently inhibit angiogenesis and metastasis, in non-small cell lung cancer and its clinical significance. The methylation status of the RECK gene promoter was studied by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. RECK mRNA and protein levels were investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Downregulation of RECK was observed in 60% of the 55 tumors analyzed. Using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction analysis methylation of the RECK promoter was detected in 63.6% (35/55) of the tumor tissues. A strong correlation between downregulation and promoter methylation was found in these tumors (P = 0.000005). More importantly, downregulation of RECK significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.038). Mutation of codon 12 of the K-ras gene was detected in 25.5% (14/55) of lung tumor tissues. Statistical analysis indicated that K-ras mutation was linked with RECK promoter methylation (P = 0.047) and downregulation (P = 0.023). Promoter methylation was also detected in human lung cancer cell lines, and the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5'-azacytidine reversed the expression of RECK and reduced the invasive ability of these cell lines. Collectively, our results suggest that downregulation of the metastasis suppressor RECK is caused by promoter methylation in non-small cell lung cancer and is associated with K-ras mutation and lymph node metastasis.
Digital control of a voltage-mode synchronous buck converter (2006)

A digital control algorithm capable of separately specifying the desired output voltage and transient response for a synchronous buck converter operating in voltage mode was developed. This algorithm is based on superimposing a small control signal onto a voltage reference at each switching cycle to cancel out the perturbations. A zero steady-state error in the output voltage can be obtained with the aid of additional dynamics to allow the controller to track a load change and update the reference to a new load state. The specifications of the control algorithm are achieved by pole placement using complete state feedback. The control algorithm was implemented on a digital signal processor (DSP)-controlled synchronous buck converter.
Confidence Estimation for Attention-based Sequence-to-sequence Models for Speech Recognition (2020)

For various speech-related tasks, confidence scores from a speech recogniser are a useful measure to assess the quality of transcriptions. In traditional hidden Markov model-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, confidence scores can be reliably obtained from word posteriors in decoding lattices. However, for an ASR system with an auto-regressive decoder, such as an attention-based sequence-to-sequence model, computing word posteriors is difficult. An obvious alternative is to use the decoder softmax probability as the model confidence. In this paper, we first examine how some commonly used regularisation methods influence the softmax-based confidence scores and study the overconfident behaviour of end-to-end models. Then we propose a lightweight and effective approach named confidence estimation module (CEM) on top of an existing end-to-end ASR model. Experiments on LibriSpeech show that CEM can mitigate the overconfidence problem and can produce more reliable confidence scores with and without shallow fusion of a language model. Further analysis shows that CEM generalises well to speech from a moderately mismatched domain and can potentially improve downstream tasks such as semi-supervised learning.
Spatial Variation of Temperature on Printed Circuit Boards: Effects of Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity and Joule Heating (2012)

A printed circuit board (PCB) consists of multiple layers of dielectric material and current-carrying metal traces and vias. Performing system-level simulations of PCBs with detailed trace and via geometries is very costly, the present approach considers the effects of the trace and via geometry in the physical model by importing Electronic Computer Aided Design (ECAD) data comprising the trace and via layout of the board and determines spatially varying orthotropic conductivity ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</sub> , <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">y</sub> , and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">z</sub> ) on the PCB based on the ECAD data. In addition, the present approach considers the effects of joule heating in the current-carrying traces by utilizing multiple 2-D sources where the powermap is determined by solving the governing dc electric field equations on the trace. In this paper, the effects of both the trace layer orthotropic thermal conductivity and joule heating are studied on a sample PCB. Comparisons are made with earlier studies and conventional models when possible. It is shown that the location of the hot spots and temperature values differ substantially if different methods are used.
Phase measuring deflectometry: a new approach to measure specular free-form surfaces (2004)

We present a new method to measure specular free-form surfaces within seconds. We call the measuring principle `Phase Measuring Deflectometry' (PMD). With a stereo based enhancement of PMD we are able to measure both the height and the slope of the surface. The basic principle is to project sinusoidal fringe patterns onto a screen located remotely from the surface under test and to observe the fringe patterns reflected via the surface. Any slope variations of the surface lead to distortions of the patterns. Using well-known phase-shift algorithms, we can precisely measure these distortions and thus calculate the surface normal in each pixel. We will deduce the method's diffraction-theoretical limits and explain how to reach them. A major challenge is the necessary calibration. We solved this task by combining various photogrammetric methods. We reach a repeatability of the local slope down to a few arc seconds and an absolute accuracy of a few arc minutes. One important field of application is the measurement of the local curvature of progressive eyeglass lenses. We will present experimental results and compare these results with the theoretical limits.
Improving Memory-Based Collaborative Filtering using a Factor-Based Approach (2007)

The visual response properties are described of a group of retinal slip neurons in the wallaby pretectum, referred to as slow cells. Their responses to motion are direction-selective: tempero-nasal and naso-temporal motion over the contralateral eye increase and decrease, respectively, the firing rate relative to the spontaneous level. Slow cells are maximally sensitive to image velocities from 0.08 to 10 degrees/s. The present study focuses on slow cells that are maximally sensitive to image velocities below 1 degree/s. An interesting characteristic of 82% of slow cells is that once motion stops, the firing rate exhibits a same-sign after-response. This is characterized by a slow exponential return from the firing rate during motion to the spontaneous rate. The time constants of the after-responses are independent of the temporal frequency velocity, duration and direction of the motion stimulus. It is proposed that the neurons may assist the stabilization of eye position during fixation.
Simultaneous continuous, nonchromatographic monitoring and discrete chromatographic monitoring of polymerization reactions (2009)

Abstract Automatic continuous nonchromatographic monitoring and discrete chromatographic monitoring were coupled together for the first time and used to monitor free radical and controlled‐radical polymerization reactions. This was achieved by adding a multidetector Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) system (alternatively termed Gel Permeation Chromatography, GPC) to the ACOMP platform (Automatic Continuous Online Monitoring of Polymerization reactions). The fact that the reactor solution is already preconditioned in the ACOMP front‐end to the concentration levels used in SEC makes direct coupling possible. Kinetics from two different types of reactions, Reversible Addition Fragmentation Transfer (RAFT) and free radical polymerization of butyl acrylate were studied, including the production of a bimodal population. Complementary and contrasting features from the continuous and SEC approaches are highlighted. The main advantage of the SEC detection is to follow the evolution of full molecular weight distributions (MWD), especially in ‘living’ type reactions, where polydispersity decreases with monomer conversion, whereas the continuous detection provides a much more detailed characterization of the reaction. Interestingly, in the case where a bimodal molecular weight distribution was produced, the continuous method automatically detected the onset of the second mode in a model independent fashion, whereas SEC could only discern the bimodality by applying preconceived models. The SEC approach will have valuable niche applications, however, such as when reactions are relatively slow, monitoring narrow polydispersity is of primary importance, and also in copolymerization and terpolymerization reactions where complex mixtures of reagents (e.g., RAFT agents, copper ions, etc.) make unfractionated spectroscopic resolution of comonomers difficult. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
New approaches to the preparation and application of firefly luciferase (1989)

Allowing for the lipid nature of firefly luciferase we have developed a new method for obtaining high-activity and high-stability enzyme preparations for bioluminescent microassay. The method includes the step of differential centrifugation in presence of stabilizing additives which entails a partial purification of the enzyme and its essential stabilization likely due to the fact that luciferase retains its lipid environment which plays an important role in catalysis. The resultant luciferase preparation is stable in solution at 4 degrees C for 2-3 months and allows the detection of down to 10(-11) M ATP. A new method has been offered for luciferase immobilization on film carriers precoated with a phospholipid layer. By sorption of the enzyme on such carriers, the samples of immobilized luciferase have been obtained suitable for constructing chemiluminescent biosensors, in the form of luciferase-containing films. There are many-fold applications for detection of ATP micro-quantities.
Tumour Hypoxia: Impact on Biology, Prognosis and Treatment of Solid Malignant Tumours (2004)

Tumour hypoxia is a major constraint for radiotherapy and many types of chemotherapy. A variety of different pathogenetic mechanisms contribute to the development of hypoxia in solid tumours. Hypoxia is associated with unfavourable prognosis, regardless of the treatment modality applied. Two different effects have been considered to explain the deleterious effects of hypoxia on the outcome of tumour patients. The first aspect encompasses the direct interference of hypoxia with antineoplastic treatment modalities. The efficacy of ionizing radiation, but also of a variety of cytotoxic drugs and cytokines rely directly on adequate oxygen tensions. The second aspect concerns the effects of hypoxia on the biology of tumour and stromal cells. Hypoxia is related to malignant progression, increased invasion, angiogenesis and an increased risk of metastasis formation. Possibly, hypoxia is furthermore a stressor which selects cells with increased resistance to apoptosis and thereby indirectly contributes to treatment resistance. This article reviews in brief the specific pathophysiology of tumour oxygenation and its implications for prognosis, tumour treatment and biology.
Local methylprednisolone inhibition of foreign body response to coated intracoronary stents (1996)

Polymer coated stents can be loaded with methylprednisolone which inhibits the severe foreign-body reaction induced by the combination of overstretch injury and the poly(organo)phosphazene polymer coating of metallic stents.
The agile eye: a high-performance three-degree-of-freedom camera-orienting device (2002)

This paper presents some results obtained in the development of a three-degree-of-freedom camera-orienting device. The agile eye, as it is referred to, is capable of an orientation workspace larger than that of the human eye. The miniature camera mounted on the end-effector can be pointed within a cone of 140 degrees opening with plus or minus 30 degrees in torsion. The mechanical architecture of the orienting device is based on a spherical three-degree-of-freedom parallel manipulator which leads to high-performance dynamics. A kinematic optimization has been performed in order to determine the dimensional parameters of the prototype which would provide the best overall accuracy. A complete dynamical model of the manipulator has also been derived and programmed, and simulation results have guided the mechanical design. Finally, a prototype has been built and experimented with.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Induction of Fas Ligand Expression by HIV Involves the Interaction of Nef with the T Cell Receptor ζ Chain (1999)

During HIV/SIV infection, there is widespread programmed cell death in infected and, perhaps more importantly, uninfected cells. Much of this apoptosis is mediated by Fas-Fas ligand (FasL) interactions. Previously we demonstrated in macaques that induction of FasL expression and apoptotic cell death of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells by SIV is dependent on a functional nef gene. However, the molecular mechanism whereby HIV-1 induces the expression of FasL remained poorly understood. Here we report a direct association of HIV-1 Nef with the zeta chain of the T cell receptor (TCR) complex and the requirement of both proteins for HIV-mediated upregulation of FasL. Expression of FasL through Nef depended upon the integrity of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) of the TCR zeta chain. Conformation for the importance of zeta for Nef-mediated signaling in T cells came from an independent finding. A single ITAM motif of zeta but not CD3epsilon was both required and sufficient to promote activation and binding of the Nef-associated kinase (NAK/p62). Our data imply that Nef can form a signaling complex with the TCR, which bypasses the requirement of antigen to initiate T cell activation and subsequently upregulation of FasL expression. Thus, our study may provide critical insights into the molecular mechanism whereby the HIV-1 accessory protein Nef contributes to the pathogenesis of HIV.