gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A priori Prediction of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response and Survival in Breast Cancer Patients using Quantitative Ultrasound (2017)

Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) can probe tissue structure and analyze tumour characteristics. Using a 6-MHz ultrasound system, radiofrequency data were acquired from 56 locally advanced breast cancer patients prior to their neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and QUS texture features were computed from regions of interest in tumour cores and their margins as potential predictive and prognostic indicators. Breast tumour molecular features were also collected and used for analysis. A multiparametric QUS model was constructed, which demonstrated a response prediction accuracy of 88% and ability to predict patient 5-year survival rates (p = 0.01). QUS features demonstrated superior performance in comparison to molecular markers and the combination of QUS and molecular markers did not improve response prediction. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that non-invasive QUS features in the core and margin of breast tumours can indicate breast cancer response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and predict five-year recurrence-free survival.
High bandwidth optical wireless network for gigabit communication (2013)

A new wireless access system incorporating high bandwidth line-of-sight free space optical wireless is described and demonstrated. This system is capable of supporting several gigabits/second up-stream and down-stream data transmission and is ideally suited for high bandwidth indoor applications such as personal area networks. A simple, user friendly system of beam alignment is used between a central station and multiple local subscribers. Even within real-world office scenarios with limited mobility, alignment is performed easily. Using a modest transmitted power of only 5dBm, we demonstrate satisfactory performance of bit error rates better than 10-9 over the entire room while serving up to 8 subscribers connected to a single central station. Using simulations, the effectiveness of the proposed system architecture is investigated and the key performance trade-offs identified. Proof-of-concept experiments have also been carried that validate the simulation model. Initial experimental results successfully demonstrate that the system is capable of supporting 1-10 Gbps over a 2-6 meter bi-directional optical wireless link in an indoor environment for the first time.
Fiber-laser frequency combs with subhertz relative linewidths (2006)

We investigate the comb linewidths of self-referenced, fiber-laser-based frequency combs by measuring the heterodyne beat signal between two independent frequency combs that are phase locked to a common cw optical reference. We demonstrate that the optical comb lines can exhibit instrument-limited, subhertz relative linewidths across the comb spectra from 1200 to 1720 nm with a residual integrated optical phase jitter of approximately 1 rad in a 60 mHz to 500 kHz bandwidth. The projected relative pulse timing jitter is approximately 1 fs. This performance approaches that of Ti:sapphire frequency combs.
A wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical network with cost-shared components (1994)

We demonstrate a passive optical network (PON), based on a wavelength-division multiplexing router, with modulators (instead of lasers) at the subscriber terminals. A single, cost-shared, tunable laser is time-division multiplexed to provide bidirectional switched WDM services for N subscribers with independent formats and bit-rates for each. Simultaneous support of telephony and compressed digital video are presented in which RF subcarrier multiplexing is used to provide service segregation and resolve upstream packet contention.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Reducing instruction fetch energy with backwards branch control information and buffering (2003)

Many emerging applications, e.g. in the embedded and DSP space, are often characterized by their loopy nature where a substantial part of the execution time is spent within a few program phases. Loop buffering techniques have been proposed for capturing and processing these loops in small buffers to reduce the processor`s instruction fetch energy. However, these schemes are limited to straight-line or innermost loops and fail to adequately handle complex loops.In this paper, we propose a dynamic loop buffering mechanism that uses backwards branch control information to identify, capture and process complex loop structures. The DLB controller has been fully implemented in VHDL, synthesized and timed with the IBM Booledozer and Einstimer Synthesis tools, and analyzed for power with the Sequence PowerTheater tool. Our experiments show that the DLB approach, on average, results in a factor of 3 reduction in energy consumption compared to a traditional instruction memory design at an area overhead of about 9%.
Catalytic Dehydration of Glycerol to Acrolein in a Two-Zone Fluidized Bed Reactor (2019)

The gas-phase catalytic dehydration of glycerol to acrolein was carried out in a Two-Zone Fluidized-Bed Reactor (TZFBR) using a 20 wt. % phosphotungstic acid (H<sub>3</sub>PW<sub>12</sub>O<sub>40</sub>) catalyst supported on CARIACT-Q10 commercial silica. In the first step, a hydrodynamic study of the reactor was performed. A quality of fluidization of more than 80% was obtained. In the second step, the mechanical stability of the catalyst was studied. It was found that only the external layer of active phase is eliminated under the conditions of operation whereas the global composition of the catalyst was not significantly affected after 44 h of fluidization. Finally, in a third step, the influence of the main operating parameters on the overall catalytic performances (glycerol/oxygen molar ratio and relative volumes of the reaction and regeneration zones) was investigated, showing notably the importance of the O<sub>2</sub>/glycerol ratio, resulting in an inverse trend between conversion and selectivity. Increasing O<sub>2</sub>/glycerol ratio led to higher conversion (lower coke deposit as shown by TGA analysis), but to the detriment of the selectivity to acrolein, supposedly due to the presence of O<sub>2</sub> in the reaction zone causing the degradation of glycerol and acrolein.
Comparative evaluation of different current saving strategies for power amplifiers in back-off operation (2013)

Three different methodologies are compared, which are suitable for saving battery current of a power amplifier operated in back-off. Dynamic Voltage Biasing (DVB), Dynamic Current Biasing (DCB), and Load Modulation (LM) have been paired in three different ways and experimentally tested for the first time on the same power transistor to achieve meaningful conclusions. Measurement results from on-wafer load-pull investigation of a SiGe power cell identify the combination of DVB and DCB as the most profitable strategy. This mode manifests a power added efficiency higher than 75% for an excellent 14dB back-off dynamic.
The <i>HER-2/neu</i> receptor tyrosine kinase gene encodes a secreted autoinhibitor (1999)

HER-2/neu (erbB-2) encodes an 185-kDa orphan receptor tyrosine kinase that is constitutively active as a dimer and displays potent oncogenic activity when overexpressed. Here we describe a secreted protein of approximately 68 kDa, designated herstatin, as the product of an alternative HER-2 transcript that retains intron 8. This alternative transcript specifies 340 residues identical to subdomains I and II from the extracellular domain of p185HER-2 followed by a unique C-terminal sequence of 79 aa encoded by intron 8. The recombinant product of the alternative transcript specifically binds to HER-2-transfected cells with a K(D) of approximately 14 nM and was chemically crosslinked to p185HER-2, whereas the intron encoded sequence alone also binds with high affinity to transfected cells and associates with p185 solubilized from cell extracts. The herstatin mRNA is expressed in normal human fetal kidney and liver, but is at reduced levels relative to p185HER-2 mRNA in carcinoma cells that contain an amplified HER-2 gene. Herstatin appears to be an inhibitor of p185HER-2, because it disrupts dimers, reduces tyrosine phosphorylation of p185, and inhibits the anchorage-independent growth of transformed cells that overexpress HER-2.
Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2A6 increases nicotine's oral bioavailability and decreases smoking (2000)

Methoxsalen inhibits nicotine first-pass metabolism of orally administered nicotine, and the combination directly reduces smoking in a laboratory setting. CYP2A6 inhibitors may have an important role in smoking cessation and tobacco exposure reduction.
A Tactile Sound Level Monitor for the Profoundly Deaf (1980)

A profoundly deaf person can be made aware of certain features of his acoustic environment by means of a vibrating transducer on the skin. The design of such a system for transmitting sound level information is discussed. Preliminary trials suggest that the device assists profoundly deaf users to control their voice volume and can also give useful information about other sounds in the environment.
Improvement of critical current density in MgB2 superconductors by Zr doping at ambient pressure (2001)

We present the superconducting properties and phase compositions of Mg1−xZrxB2 bulk samples fabricated by a solid-state reaction at ambient pressure. It is found that a small amount of Zr atoms may be introduced into the lattice of MgB2, while the majority of them forms ZrB2 phase. The Mg0.9Zr0.1B2 sample shows the highest JC of 2.1×106 A/cm2 in 0.56 T at 5 K and 1.83×106 A/cm2 in self-field at 20 K, higher irreversibility field and larger upper critical field in MgB2 bulk samples. The combination of good grain connection, the reduction of grain size and small ZrB2 particles in the sample may be responsible for the significant enhancement of JC in Zr-doped samples. This technique has a great potential to prepare high performance MgB2 bulk samples and wires on an industrial scale.
Linguistically informed statistical models of constituent structure for ordering in sentence realization (2004)

We present several statistical models of syntactic constituent order for sentence realization. We compare several models, including simple joint models inspired by existing statistical parsing models, and several novel conditional models. The conditional models leverage a large set of linguistic features without manual feature selection. We apply and evaluate the models in sentence realization for French and German and find that a particular conditional model outperforms all others. We employ a version of that model in an evaluation on unordered trees from the Penn TreeBank. We offer this result on standard data as a reference-point for evaluations of ordering in sentence realization.
Synthesis of Furfural from Xylose and Xylan (2010)

Furans from pentoses: Pentose-derived furfural is a commodity chemical produced from lignocellulose. A new route to furfural from renewable carbohydrates uses chromium catalysts under mild conditions to avail a chemical mechanism distinct from the usual acid catalysis. Applicable to both xylose and xylan, this new method offers an advantageous route to biomass-derived chemicals.
Block (0, k) Codes Designed by Coded Bit Stuffing (2006)

Timing recovery in communication and storage systems requires the use of Run Length Limited (RLL) or (d,k) codes. A class of such codes is constructed by a method called coded bit stuffing. The proposed encoder does not change the main part of input data bits, and just places these bits into the code word "as is". The remaining small part of data bits is encoded into a set of short nonzero words called separators. The separators are placed between the uncoded subblock of data. Due to the nonzero nature of the separators, the coded bit stream concatenated from data sub blocks and separators always satisfies the k constraint. The uncoded part of data bits can be arbitrary permuted without nullifying the k constraint. This property of the presented codes is important when an RLL code is used in the channel with an iterative detection scheme requiring interleaving. Simulations show that the designed codes have very good suppression of error propagation.
Synthesis of Tung‐Oil‐Based Reactive Diluents (2010)

Abstract Three new reactive diluents were prepared from tung oil using a Diels‐Alder reaction. The dienophiles were methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (MAS), 2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFM) and triallyl ether acrylate (TAEA). The chemical structures were evaluated using 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, FT‐IR, GPC and MALDI‐TOF‐MS. Spectra evidence (NMR, MS) indicated that a six‐member ring were formed in all three reactions indicating a Diels‐Alder adduct. The reactive diluents were formulated with a soya‐based alkyd to evaluate viscosity reduction and drying time. The viscosity of alkyd was reduced up to 70% using the reactive diluents. The drying time for the autoxidative reactive diluents with alkyds were 1.8‐1‐7 times faster than alkyd alone. magnified image
Myocyte-enriched calcineurin-interacting protein, MCIP1, inhibits cardiac hypertrophy <i>in vivo</i> (2001)

Signaling events controlled by calcineurin promote cardiac hypertrophy, but the degree to which such pathways are required to transduce the effects of various hypertrophic stimuli remains uncertain. In particular, the administration of immunosuppressive drugs that inhibit calcineurin has inconsistent effects in blocking cardiac hypertrophy in various animal models. As an alternative approach to inhibiting calcineurin in the hearts of intact animals, transgenic mice were engineered to overexpress a human cDNA encoding the calcineurin-binding protein, myocyte-enriched calcineurin-interacting protein-1 (hMCIP1) under control of the cardiac-specific, alpha-myosin heavy chain promoter (alpha-MHC). In unstressed mice, forced expression of hMCIP1 resulted in a 5-10% decline in cardiac mass relative to wild-type littermates, but otherwise produced no apparent structural or functional abnormalities. However, cardiac-specific expression of hMCIP1 inhibited cardiac hypertrophy, reinduction of fetal gene expression, and progression to dilated cardiomyopathy that otherwise result from expression of a constitutively active form of calcineurin. Expression of the hMCIP1 transgene also inhibited hypertrophic responses to beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation or exercise training. These results demonstrate that levels of hMCIP1 producing no apparent deleterious effects in cells of the normal heart are sufficient to inhibit several forms of cardiac hypertrophy, and suggest an important role for calcineurin signaling in diverse forms of cardiac hypertrophy. The future development of measures to increase expression or activity of MCIP proteins selectively within the heart may have clinical value for prevention of heart failure.
Flexible miniature compound lens design for high-resolution optical coherence tomography balloon imaging catheter (2008)

We report on a new optics design for an optical coherence tomography (OCT) balloon imaging catheter. The design involves a miniature compound gradient-index (GRIN) rod lens, which consists of a fiber optic mode-field reducer and relay rod lenses to achieve predictable high lateral resolution at a desired large working distance. The compound lens design significantly simplifies the engineering process for an OCT catheter and enables 3-D full circumferential cross sectional imaging of large luminal organs such as human esophagus. An as-designed OCT catheter is developed and demonstrated for real-time in vivo swine esophagus imaging in a 3-D spiral fashion.
A smart sensor system for trace organic vapor detection using a temperature-controlled array of surface acoustic wave vapor sensors, automated preconcentrator tubes, and pattern recognition (1993)

A smart sensor system for the detection, of toxic organophosphorus and toxic organosulfur vapors at trace concentrations has been designed, fabricated, and tested against a wide variety of vapor challenges. The key features of the system are: An array of four surface acoustic wave (SAW) vapor sensors, temperature control of the vapor sensors, the use of pattern recognition to analyze the sensor data, and an automated sampling system including thermally-desorbed preconcentrator tubes (PCTs).
Compensation for channel interaction in a simultaneous cochlear implant coding strategy (2013)

This study evaluated a concept to reduce detrimental effects of spatial channel interaction in case of simultaneous stimulation with cochlear implants. The hypothesis was that effects of simultaneous channel interaction can be compensated by an algorithm such that no difference in hearing performance between simultaneous pulsatile stimulation and a strictly sequential reference strategy can be found. The simultaneous strategies used in this study stimulated two or three electrodes simultaneously in a monopolar configuration and used a specific compensation algorithm to reduce detrimental effects of simultaneous channel interaction. Overall stimulation rate was kept constant throughout conditions. Three of the configurations applied extended pulse phase durations. The German Oldenburg sentence and a German vowel test were used to measure speech recognition in 12 cochlear implant users. The results support the initial hypothesis. No significant differences in performance were found. A small spatial distance between simultaneous electrodes yielded slightly better results than a large distance. Extending the pulse phase durations had no significant effect on hearing performance. However, it significantly reduced stimulation amplitudes. Thus strategies implementing channel interaction compensated simultaneous stimulation with extended pulse phase durations might be a viable option for reducing power consumption and increasing battery life in cochlear implants.
Control of Enzymatic Browning in Apple with Ascorbic Acid Derivatives, Polyphenol Oxidase Inhibitors, and Complexing Agents (1989)

ABSTRACT Novel browning inhibitors were evaluated in raw apple juice and on the cut surface of apple plugs, using quantitative measurements of color changes during storage to assess treatment effectiveness. Ascorbic acid‐2‐phosphate (AAP) and ‐triphosphate (AATP) showed promise for cut surfaces but were ineffective in juice. Ascorbic acid‐6‐fatty acid esters showed anti‐browning activity in juice. Cinnamate and benzoate inhibited browning in juice but induced browning when applied to cut surfaces. Combinations of β‐cyclodextrin with ascorbic acid (AA), AAP or ascorbyl palmitate were effective in juice but not on cut surfaces. Combinations of AA with an acidic polyphosphate were highly effective with both juice and cut surfaces.
A Novel Image-Based Rendering System With A Longitudinally Aligned Camera Array. (2000)

This paper introduces a novel image-based rendering system to capture, represent and render real world and synthetic scenes. In our system, a longitudinally aligned camera array is mounted on a rotating arm supported by a tripod. The cameras are always aimed along the radial direction. The scene is captured by the camera array that rotates along a circle. Each pixel of the captured images is indexed by 4 parameters, i.e. the rotation angle of the camera array, the longitudinal number of the camera, the image column number and the image row number. Given the position and the viewing direction of an observer, the system can generate novel views by interpolating the captured pixels in real time without any geometric representation. If the observer is constrained to move on a plane, the size of the scene data can be further reduced to that of an approximately 3.5D plenoptic function. Compared with light field and Lumigraph, our method provides an easier inside-looking-out capture configuration and a uniform spatial sampling pattern. Our system goes a step further than concentric mosaics by allowing users to move continuously within a 3D cylindrical space, thus users can experience significant lateral as well as longitudinal parallaxes and lighting changes of a scene. Moreover, our method provides an image-based solution to the wandering of a large environment through concatenation of various wandering circles. Our technique has potential applications in entertainment, e-commerce and communication. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Systematic Fountain Codes for Massive Storage Using the Truncated Poisson Distribution (2018)

Erasure codes for distributed storage systems (DSS) are required to offer systematic encoding, low repair locality, low encoding/decoding complexity, and low decoding/storage overhead. However, the information theoretical bounds have shown that all these metrics might need to be carefully traded-off with one another. In this paper, we consider systematic Fountain codes with belief propagation (BP) decoding for massive scale DSSs. Analyzing the role of some degrees in the BP decoding process, we propose using the truncated Poisson distribution (TPD) for encoded symbol degrees. Identifying encoded symbol redundancy as a factor that degrades decoding overhead, we derive the probability of redundancy during the BP decoding process and use this as a tool for determining the Poisson parameter. Our proposed solution nicely addresses the first three DSS metrics with a slight toll on storage/decoding overhead. Through simulations, we show that the decoding overhead performance of the proposed scheme exhibits significant improvement over some existing Fountain code degree distributions in the literature. For instance, at a decoding overhead of 60%, we achieve a data loss probability closely approaching 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> , while other Fountain codes compared are about a factor of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> higher.
Fast and Accurate Evaluation of Cooling in Data Centers (2014)

Cooling is a major component in the enormous energy consumption in data centers. Accurate evaluation of cooling inside a data center forms the backbone of all the attempts for improving cooling efficiency. Models based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are typically used for accurate evaluation, but have a drawback of high computation time. This paper presents a novel thermal predictor to evaluate data center cooling in seconds. The key idea is to extract information from a single instance of CFD simulation using metrics called as influence indices to build the fast thermal predictor. Then, this predictor can evaluate the cooling for altered operation of data center with comparable accuracy in seconds without the need for repetitive CFD simulations. This paper demonstrates the accuracy of the thermal predictor by comparing with CFD simulations for a sample, but realistic data center. The fast thermal predictor then successfully passed more challenging tests in a real production data center and proved its practical utility. The results of the thermal predictor compared with measurements carried out in the production data center are also presented. This fast thermal predictor is an important milestone in the development of a method for model-based real time control of data center cooling.
Eccentric Coupler for Optical Fibers: a Simplified Version (1975)

Get PDF Email Share Share with Facebook Tweet This Post on reddit Share with LinkedIn Add to CiteULike Add to Mendeley Add to BibSonomy Get Citation Copy Citation Text S. Zemon, D. Fellows, and P. Sturk, "Eccentric Coupler for Optical Fibers: a Simplified Version," Appl. Opt. 14, 815-816 (1975) Export Citation BibTex Endnote (RIS) HTML Plain Text Citation alert Save article