gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Sphingolipid Synthesis Inhibition by Myriocin Administration Enhances Lipid Consumption and Ameliorates Lipid Response to Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury (2019)

Myocardial infarct requires prompt thrombolytic therapy or primary percutaneous coronary intervention to limit the extent of necrosis, but reperfusion creates additional damage. Along with reperfusion, a maladaptive remodeling phase might occur and it is often associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, as well as a reduced ability to recover metabolism homeostasis. Infarcted individuals can exhibit reduced lipid turnover and their accumulation in cardiomyocytes, which is linked to a deregulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), controlling fatty acids metabolism, energy production, and the anti-inflammatory response. We previously demonstrated that Myriocin can be effectively used as post-conditioning therapeutic to limit ischemia/reperfusion-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and infarct size, in a murine model. In this follow-up study, we demonstrate that Myriocin has a critical regulatory role in cardiac remodeling and energy production, by up-regulating the transcriptional factor EB, PPARs nuclear receptors and genes involved in fatty acids metabolism, such as VLDL receptor, Fatp1, CD36, Fabp3, Cpts, and mitochondrial FA dehydrogenases. The overall effects are represented by an increased β-oxidation, together with an improved electron transport chain and energy production. The potent immunomodulatory and metabolism regulatory effects of Myriocin elicit the molecule as a promising pharmacological tool for post-conditioning therapy of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Coded-Seeking: A Simple HDD Speed-Up Concept (2014)

Consider a single hard disk drive (HDD) composed of rotating platters and a single magnetic head. We propose a simple internal coding framework for HDDs that uses coding across drive blocks to reduce average block seek times. In particular, instead of the HDD controller seeking individual blocks, the drive performs coded-seeking: It seeks the closest subset of coded blocks, where a coded block contains partial information from multiple uncoded blocks. Coded-seeking is a tool that relaxes the scheduling of a full traveling salesman problem (TSP) on an HDD into a k-TSP. This may provide opportunities for new scheduling algorithms and to reduce average read times.
Corrosion Inhibitors for Acidizing Process in Oil and Gas Sectors (2020)

In the petroleum industries, one facet of the development of oil and gas production is the well stimulation. The process involves several aspects, including the acidizing procedure utilized to stimulate the oil well reservoirs. Generally, highly concentrated acids (5–28 wt% hydrochloric acid) are injected into the well for the acidizing stimulation process that makes the environment extremely corrosive to steel structures. In the absence of corrosion inhibitors, the general corrosion rate can be extremely high (>100 mm/yr) and that can increase exponentially with increasing temperature and acid concentration. Acids are also often employed for scale removal treatments (pickling of the well tubing usually done with 15 wt% hydrochloric acid at temperatures up to 140 °F to remove iron oxides and carbonated minerals) and the removal of drilling mud damage in newly drilled wells before being brought into production. Deep wells are characterized by high temperatures and presence of high hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide that make the acidizing process extremely difficult. The present chapter provides an account of the techniques used for acidization process, the types of acids, and the major corrosion inhibitors used.
Design of conversational humanoid robot based on hardware independent gesture generation (2019)

With an increasing need for elderly and disability care, there is an increasing opportunity for intelligent and mobile devices such as robots to provide care and support solutions. In order to naturally assist and interact with humans, a robot must possess effective conversational capabilities. Gestures accompanying spoken sentences are an important factor in human-to-human conversational communication. Humanoid robots must also use gestures if they are to be capable of the rich interactions implied and afforded by their humanlike appearance. However, present systems for gesture generation do not dynamically provide realistic physical gestures that are naturally understood by humans. A method for humanoid robots to generate gestures along with spoken sentences is proposed herein. We emphasize that our gesture-generating architecture can be applied to any type of humanoid robot through the use of labanotation, which is an existing system for notating human dance movements. Labanotation's gesture symbols can computationally transformed to be compatible across a range of robots with doddering physical characteristics. This paper describes a solution as an integrated system for conversational robots whose speech and gestures can supplement each other in human-robot interaction.
Response of puppies to canine-origin parvovirus vaccines. (1984)

Pups 9-18 1/2 weeks old were given a single dose of 1 of 4 commercial, live, canine-origin parvovirus vaccines. All 4 vaccines evoked high levels of antibody in seronegative pups, but variable response in those with low levels of maternally derived antibodies. Vaccinal virus spread to unvaccinated contact controls and elicited essentially equivalent titers. No clinical signs of parvovirus infection were observed in vaccinates or controls.
Knowing When to Look: Adaptive Attention via A Visual Sentinel for Image Captioning (2016)

Attention-based neural encoder-decoder frameworks have been widely adopted for image captioning. Most methods force visual attention to be active for every generated word. However, the decoder likely requires little to no visual information from the image to predict non-visual words such as "the" and "of". Other words that may seem visual can often be predicted reliably just from the language model e.g., "sign" after "behind a red stop" or "phone" following "talking on a cell". In this paper, we propose a novel adaptive attention model with a visual sentinel. At each time step, our model decides whether to attend to the image (and if so, to which regions) or to the visual sentinel. The model decides whether to attend to the image and where, in order to extract meaningful information for sequential word generation. We test our method on the COCO image captioning 2015 challenge dataset and Flickr30K. Our approach sets the new state-of-the-art by a significant margin.
Antibody blockade of semaphorin 4D promotes infiltration of activated tumor infiltrating leukocytes and inhibits tumor growth. (TUM7P.1030) (2015)

Abstract Semaphorin 4D (SEMA4D, CD100) and its receptor plexin-B1 are broadly expressed in cancer and expression correlates with invasive disease. A novel function of SEMA4D, regulating immune cell infiltration and activity in the tumor microenvironment (TME), is described. Antibody neutralization of SEMA4D enhances recruitment of activated antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes into the TME, shifting the balance of cells and cytokines toward increased Th1 and reduced immunosuppression. This orchestrated change in the tumor architecture was associated with durable tumor rejection and immunologic memory in several syngeneic tumor models. The immunomodulatory activity can be enhanced by combination with other immunotherapies. Strikingly, in some models, the combination of anti-SEMA4D antibody with immune checkpoint blockade acts synergistically to reverse tumor growth. Inhibition of SEMA4D represents a novel mechanism and therapeutic strategy to promote functional immune infiltration into the tumor and inhibit tumor progression. A humanized antibody, VX15/2503, has completed a Phase I prospective multiple ascending dose trial in 42 adult patients with advanced refractory solid tumors, in which the highest doses were well tolerated. Patients with the longest duration of treatment, 48-55 weeks, included colorectal, breast, and a papillary thyroid patient, who had a partial response by RECIST. A phase 1b/2a trial of combination therapy is planned.
Corn-Soybean Rotation Systems in the Mississippi Delta: Implications on Mycotoxin Contamination and Soil Populations of<i>Aspergillus flavus</i> (2012)

The effect of corn-soybean rotation on mycotoxin contamination in corn ( Zea mays L.) and soybean ( Glycine max L. Merrill.) grains has not been fully evaluated. Therefore, this research investigated the effect of corn-soybean rotation on aflatoxin and fumonisin contamination in respective grains. The results showed that aflatoxin levels in soybean averaged 2.3,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>, 0.6, and 6.8 ng/g in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008, while corn aflatoxin levels were 16.7, 37.1, 2.4, and 54.8 ng/g, respectively. Aspergillus flavus colonization was significantly greater (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>≤</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>) in corn (log 1.9, 2.9, and 4.0 cfu/g) compared to soybean (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mrow><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>1.3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>, 2.6, and 2.7 cfu/g) in 2005, 2007, and 2008, respectively. Aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolates were more frequent in corn than in soybean in all four years. Higher fumonisin levels were found in corn (0.2 to 3.6 μ g/g) than in soybean (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mrow><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> μ g/g). Rotating soybean with corn reduces the potential for aflatoxin contamination in corn by reducing A. flavus propagules in soil and grain and reducing aflatoxigenic A. flavus colonization. These results demonstrated that soybean grain is less susceptible to aflatoxin contamination compared to corn due to a lower level of colonization by A. flavus with a greater occurrence of non-aflatoxigenic isolates.
Techniques for increasing throughput in HEVC transform coefficient coding (2012)

Transform coefficient coding in HEVC encompasses the scanning patterns and the coding methods for the last significant coefficient, significance map, coefficient levels and sign data. Unlike H.264/AVC, HEVC has a single entropy coding mode based on the context adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) engine. Due to this, achieving high throughput for transform coefficient coding was an important design consideration. This paper analyzes the throughput of different components of transform coefficient coding with special emphasis on the explicit coding of the last significant coefficient position and high throughput binarization. A comparison with H.264/AVC transform coefficient coding is also presented, demonstrating that HEVC transform coefficient coding achieves higher average and worst case throughput.
Structure of the capsular polysaccharide antigen of type IV group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (1989)

The native polysaccharide antigen isolated from type IV group B Streptococcus contains D-galactose, D-glucose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose, and sialic acid in the molar ratio 2:2:1:1 and is composed of the following repeating unit:[Formula: see text]The structural analysis of this antigen was based on results obtained from methylation analysis, partial hydrolysis, nitrous acid deamination, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques. Keywords: capsular polysaccharide, high resolution NMR spectroscopy, group B Streptococcus, polysaccharide structure, polysaccharide degradation.
Network endpoint congestion control for fine-grained communication (2015)

Endpoint congestion in HPC networks creates tree saturation that is detrimental to performance. Endpoint congestion can be alleviated by reducing the injection rate of traffic sources, but requires fast reaction time to avoid congestion buildup. Congestion control becomes more challenging as application communication shift from traditional two-sided model to potentially fine-grained, one-sided communication embodied by various global address space programming models. Existing hardware solutions, such as Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) and Speculative Reservation Protocol (SRP), either react too slowly or incur too much overhead for small messages.
Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Nitazoxanide‐Based Analogues: Identification of Selective and Broad Spectrum Activity (2010)

A library composed of nitazoxanide-based analogues was synthesized and assayed for increased antibacterial efficacy against the pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) using microorganisms Helicobacter pylori, Campylobacter jejuni and Clostridium difficile. Derivatives were found to recapitulate and improve activity against these organisms and select analogues were tested for their ability to disrupt the PFOR enzyme directly. The library was also screened for activity against staphylococci and resulted in the identification of analogues capable of inhibiting both staphylococci and all PFOR organisms at low micromolar minimum inhibitory concentrations with low toxicity to human foreskin cells.
Review Paper: Multi‐primary‐color displays: The latest technologies and their benefits (2012)

Abstract— Multi‐primary‐color (MPC) display technology is one of the fastest emerging research areas in recent years. Wide‐color‐gamut display devices have been required for visually sufficient and/or accurate color reproduction. It is well known that MPC displays can reproduce accurate colors with high efficiency. In addition, not only the image‐quality improvement but some other performance of display devices is also required for display devices. This paper reviews achievements in MPC display technologies and focuses on the benefits of MPC displays: power‐savings and high resolution.
Discrimination of hepatitis C virus in liver tissues from different patients with hepatocellular carcinomas by direct nucleotide sequencing of amplified cDNA of the viral genome (1991)

We investigated the presence of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome in liver tissues of eight different patients with hepatocellular carcinoma by using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. RNA was extracted separately from cancerous and peripheral noncancerous portions of the liver tissues of each patient. For reverse transcriptase PCR, we used sets of primers derived either from nonstructural region 3 (the NS3 region) or from the nucleocapsid-envelope (C/E) region of the HCV genome. The nucleotide sequences of the amplimers were directly determined without subcloning. Of 16 samples tested, cDNA of the HCV genome was detected in 2 cancerous tissues and in 4 noncancerous tissues by either pair of primers. Nucleotide sequences of HCV cDNA fragments amplified from cancerous and peripheral noncancerous tissues from the same patients were identical. However, 4.4 to 6.3% and 7.5 to 11.3% sequence variation was observed in NS3 and C/E regions, respectively, among cDNA fragments from different patients. The result indicated that the HCV genome detected in a given patient is distinguishable from that in others by a simple direct nucleotide sequencing of the reverse transcriptase PCR products.
Fiber Optic Seismic Sensor (1988)

A compact seismic sensor has been fabricated by supporting a seismic mass between two fiber-wrapped rubber mandrels which form the two arms of a Michelson interferometer. This sensor has a sensitivity of 104 raft below resonance and 3500 rad/gm above resonance, is easy to fabricate, easy to modifiy for other applications, uses less than fifteen meters of sensing fiber, and has a detection threshold limited by its own intrinsic thermal noise (= 2 μrad/√Hz below resonance) rather than the opto-electronic demodulator noise.
Antibodies to citrullinated α‐enolase peptide 1 are specific for rheumatoid arthritis and cross‐react with bacterial enolase (2008)

We have identified an immunodominant epitope in citrullinated alpha-enolase, to which antibodies are specific for RA. Our data on sequence similarity and cross-reactivity with bacterial enolase may indicate a role for bacterial infection, particularly with P gingivalis, in priming autoimmunity in a subset of patients with RA.
Older Adults Get Lost in Virtual Reality: Visuospatial Disorder Detection in Dementia Using a Voting Approach Based on Machine Learning Algorithms (2022)

As the age of an individual progresses, they are prone to more diseases; dementia is one of these age-related diseases. Regarding the detection of dementia, traditional cognitive testing is currently one of the most accurate tests. Nevertheless, it has many disadvantages, e.g., it does not measure the extent of the brain damage and does not take the patient’s intelligence into consideration. In addition, traditional assessment does not measure dementia under real-world conditions and in daily tasks. It is therefore advisable to investigate the newest, more powerful applications that combine cognitive techniques with computerized techniques. Virtual reality worlds are one example, and allow patients to immerse themselves in a controlled environment. This study created the Medical Visuospatial Dementia Test (referred to as the “MVD Test”) as a non-invasive, semi-immersive, and cognitive computerized test. It uses a 3D virtual environment platform based on medical tasks combined with AI algorithms. The objective is to evaluate two cognitive domains: visuospatial assessment and memory assessment. Using multiple machine learning algorithms (MLAs), based on different voting approaches, a 3D system classifies patients into three classes: patients with normal cognition, patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and patients with severe cognitive impairment (dementia). The model with the highest performance was derived from voting approach named Ensemble Vote, where accuracy was 97.22%. Cross-validation accuracy of Extra Tree and Random Forest classifiers, which was greater than 99%, indicated a greater discriminate capacity than that of other classes.
Long-Term Creep Property of a Second-Generation Nickel-Base Single-Crystal Superalloy, TMS-82+ (2005)

Long component-life of at least two years under a daily start and stop condition is required on turbine blades and vanes in land-based power plants. For this reason, a creep rupture life of 10000 hours or longer is required for the application of Ni-base superalloys. In this paper, long-term creep property of more than 15000 hours was analyzed for a second-generation Ni-base superalloy, TMS-82+. Consequently, Larson-Miller parameters in the range of C=12-14 resulted in good fits over the short-to-long-term creep rupture life, even though C=20 is conventionally used for Ni-base superalloys. In addition, the creep strength of TMS-82+ exceeds that of CMSX-4 under wide range of stress/temperature conditions, especially under the higher temperature and lower stress condition.
Effective Isolation and Culture of Endothelial Cells in Embryoid Body Differentiated from Human Embryonic Stem Cells (2007)

We describe the isolation of endothelial cells from the center region of the attached embryoid body (EB) by a two-step enzyme treatment. The isolated cells from the center and outgrowth region of the EB were characterized separately. As human embryonic stem (hES) cells differentiated in EB, they lost expression of the undifferentiated marker Oct-4, whereas expression levels of endothelial-specific markers were increased. Using RT-PCR, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, and immunofluorescence, we have shown that various endothelial cell markers, including platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM), von Willebrand factor (vWF), Flk-1, and Tie2, were expressed on the attached EB. Compared with the outgrowth region of EB, the center region had a higher population of cells with these endothelial cell markers. Once isolated by the twostep enzyme treatment, cells from the center region continued to differentiate into endothelial cell lineage while expression level of endothelial cell markers in cells from the outgrowth region decreased in subcultures. This study has demonstrated that the isolation of EB by a two-step enzyme treatment is a useful technique to obtain endothelial cell marker-positive cells with high yield. Furthermore, a similar approach can be taken to identify the location and distribution of specific cell types in EB and thereby allow us to isolate and expand specific cell types.
Fast Interframe Transcoding from H. 264 to MPEG-2 (2007)

This paper deals with conversion from H.264/AVC (advanced video coding) coded video into the MPEG-2 format. The proposed approach exploits similarities between the coding techniques used in both standards in order to achieve a computationally efficient method for transcoding interframe coded slices. The conversion process is based on adaptation of both coding mode and motion information embedded in the H.264/AVC video stream, such that subsequent MPEG-2 encoding takes full advantage of the higher computational effort spent on the first encoding step. The proposed transcoding scheme significantly reduces the computational complexity needed for MPEG-2 interframe coding by reusing relevant information from the H.264 bitstream. The simulation results show that computational complexity savings up to 60%, with a marginal objective quality cost, can be achieved in comparison with a cascaded decoder-encoder.
Multi-lane perception using feature fusion based on GraphSLAM (2016)

An extensive, precise and robust recognition and modeling of the environment is a key factor for next generations of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems and development of autonomous vehicles. In this paper, a real-time approach for the perception of multiple lanes on highways is proposed. Lane markings detected by camera systems and observations of other traffic participants provide the input data for the algorithm. The information is accumulated and fused using GraphSLAM and the result constitutes the basis for a multi-lane clothoid model. To allow incorporation of additional information sources, input data is processed in a generic format. Evaluation of the method is performed by comparing real data, collected with an experimental vehicle on highways, to a ground truth map. The results show that ego and adjacent lanes are robustly detected with high quality up to a distance of 120 m. In comparison to serial lane detection, an increase in the detection range of the ego lane and a continuous perception of neighboring lanes is achieved. The method can potentially be utilized for the longitudinal and lateral control of self-driving vehicles.