gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A comparison of isometric strength and dynamic lifting capability (1980)

Abstract A laboruiory study was conducted to determine if job specific static strength can be used to predict dynamic lifting capability (maximum acceptable weight of lift) based on psychophysical methodology. Nine male college students were required to lift three different tote boxes (containers) from a 38 cm height to a 81 cm high table using a semi-squat body posture. For each tote boxsialic strength was measured in three different ways. These were (i) maximum voluntary isometric strength (MVIS) measured at the origin in a vertical direction, (ii) MVIS measured close to the body in a vertical direction, and (iii) maximum acceptable weight that a subject could hold for 3 s at the origin of the dynamic lift, MVIS al the origin of lift, MVIS close to the body and holding the tote box explained 24.32 and 62% variation, respectively, in dynamic lifting capability. On the average, MVIS al the origin of lift, MVIS close to the body and holding the tote box were 46. 120. 72%, respectively, of dynamic lifting strength. The findings of this study indicate the need to exercise extreme care in The use of static strength tests to determine dynamic lifting capability. Changes in MVIS measurement techniques are suggested to better determine dynamic lifting capability. Finally, effects of box size on dynamic and static strengths are discussed.
Myocardial Conditioning (2013)

Myocardial conditioning is an endogenous cardioprotective phenomenon that profoundly limits infarct size in experimental models. The current challenge is to translate this paradigm from the laboratory to the clinic. Accordingly, our goal in this review is to provide a critical summary of the progress toward, opportunities for, and caveats to, the successful clinical translation of postconditioning and remote conditioning, the 2 conditioning strategies considered to have the broadest applicability for real-world patient care. In the majority of phase II studies published to date, postconditioning evoked a ≈35% reduction of infarct size in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction patients. Essential criteria for the successful implementation of postconditioning include the appropriate choice of patients (ie, those with large risk regions and negligible collateral flow), timely application of the postconditioning stimulus (immediately on reperfusion), together with proper choice of end points (infarct size, with concomitant assessment of risk region). Remote conditioning has been applied in planned ischemic events (including cardiac surgery and elective percutaneous coronary intervention) and in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction patients during hospital transport. Controversies with regard to efficacy have emerged, particularly among surgical trials. These disparate outcomes in all likelihood reflect the remarkable heterogeneity within and among studies, together with a deficit in our understanding of the impact of these variations on the infarct-sparing effect of remote conditioning. Ongoing phase III trials will provide critical insight into the future role of postconditioning and remote conditioning as clinically relevant cardioprotective strategies.
Very narrow band HTS filters without tuning for UMTS communications (2004)

This paper present a High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) bandpass filter for Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS). For this application, filters cover the frequency range of 1920 - 1980 MHz and have a fractional bandwidth around 0,5 % and a good rejection at the transmit band. The aim is to realize the filter without tuning using double side YBCO thin film on MgO substrate of size 0,5 x 45 x 11,26 mm. In demonstration, a 10-pole Tchebyshev filter is fabricated and measured without tuning screw and the realization of a 10-pole quasi-elliptic filter is in progress.
Transcriptional gene silencing of kallikrein 5 and kallikrein 7 using siRNA prevents epithelial cell detachment induced by alkaline shock in an in vitro model of eczema (2011)

Eczema is widely considered to be an exacerbation of alkaline stress to the skin. Epidermal barrier dysfunction is a feature of eczema pathology, which predisposes affected individuals to distressing morbid symptoms. At least two serine proteases, stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme (kallikrein 7 [KLK7]) and stratum corneum tryptic enzyme (kallikrien 5 [KLK5]), have increased activity levels in eczematous lesions and both have been implicated in the destruction of corneodesomosomes, which are crucial to epidermal integrity. The present in vitro study investigated whether transcriptional gene silencing after siRNA transfection could influence the activity of these signature enzymes in an in vitro model of eczema induced by alkaline shock. HaCaT epithelial cells were subjected to alkaline stress by the addition of 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl guanidine "superbase" (TMG) to the culture media. The culture media were subsequently tested for chymotryspin, trypsin, plasmin, and urokinase activity using colorimetric peptide assays and for reactive oxygen species using WST1 cell viability reagent. Cells that had been transfected with small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) against KLK5 and KLK7 for 24 h before alkaline shock did not exhibit the increase in serine protease levels observed in untreated controls. Moreover, an endpoint MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) confirmed that detachment of cells from the culture substrate observed in alkaline-stressed cells did not occur in siRNA-treated cells. This in vitro study has established the proof-of-principle that siRNA therapy appears to mitigate the consequences of alkaline shock to the serine protease-associated fragility of epithelial cells that is characteristic of eczema.
A multi-material Q-boosted low phase noise optomechanical oscillator (2014)

A Radiation Pressure driven Optomechanical Oscillator (RP-OMO) comprised of attached concentric rings of polysilicon and silicon nitride has achieved a first demonstration of a mixed material optomechanical device, posting a mechanical Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> of 22,300 at 52 MHz, which is more than 2× larger than previous single-material silicon nitride devices [1]. With this Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> , the RP-OMO exhibits a best-to-date phase noise of -125 dBc/Hz at 5 kHz offset from its 52-MHz carrier - a 12 dB improvement from the previous best by an RP-OMO constructed of silicon nitride alone [1]. The key to achieving this performance is the unique mechanical Q-boosting design where most of the vibrational energy is stored by the high-Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> polysilicon inner ring which in turn boosts the overall Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> over that of silicon nitride, all while retaining the high optical Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> >190,000 of silicon nitride material. Simultaneous high Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> and Q <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">m</sub> reduces the optical threshold power for oscillation, allowing this multi-material RP-OMO to achieve its low phase noise with an input laser power of only 3.6 mW.
Membran-Filtration mit hoher Trennleistung und minimalem Energiebedarf (1990)

Membrane separation can be considered as a mature technology, and it is used on a large scale in many commercial applications. For its further penetration into the process and bio industries, advances in membranes and membrane process systems are still necessary. Although the availability of suitable membranes for a particular separation problem is the basis for successful application of membrane technology, the module design, especially the hydrodynamics in a module, and the economic arrangement of the membranes are at least of equal importance. Power demand in industrial membrane processes is often a decisive economic factor. The basic relations covering this aspect are discussed and a new multipurpose membrane separation module, which minimizes power demand and shear stress, is presented.
Incidence of noncutaneous melanomas in the U.S. (2005)

In contrast to cutaneous melanoma, there was no apparent pattern of increased noncutaneous melanoma among residents of southern or coastal states, with the exception of melanoma of the ciliary body and iris. Despite their shared cellular origins, both ocular and mucosal melanomas differ from cutaneous melanoma in terms of incidence by gender, race, and geographic area.
Novel properties of ionic liquids in selective sulfur removal from fuels at room temperature (2002)

The ionic liquids, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate were found to be effective for the selective removal of sulfur-containing compounds from transportation fuels such as gasoline at room temperature. S-containing compounds with a C5 aromatic ring are favorably absorbed over C6 aromatics, while S-containing non-aromatic compounds are poorly absorbed. The ionic liquids are regenerated from absorbed S-containing compounds by distillation or by dissolution in water. These ionic liquids are air- and moisture-stable at low temperature and non-corrosive. Therefore, the ionic liquids can be used in multiple cycles for the removal of S-containing compounds from fuels. The absorption capacity of the ionic liquids for S-containing compounds is sensitive to the structure of both the anion and cation of the ionic liquids, which is manifested by the significant inhibiting effect of methyl group substitution on the aromatic ring.
Electro-Active Polymer Based Soft Tactile Interface for Wearable Devices (2018)

This paper reports soft actuator based tactile stimulation interfaces applicable to wearable devices. The soft actuator is prepared by multi-layered accumulation of thin electro-active polymer (EAP) films. The multi-layered actuator is designed to produce electrically-induced convex protrusive deformation, which can be dynamically programmable for wide range of tactile stimuli. The maximum vertical protrusion is and the output force is up to 255 mN. The soft actuators are embedded into the fingertip part of a glove and front part of a forearm band, respectively. We have conducted two kinds of experiments with 15 subjects. Perceived magnitudes of actuator's protrusion and vibrotactile intensity were measured with frequency of 1 Hz and 191 Hz, respectively. Analysis of the user tests shows participants perceive variation of protrusion height at the finger pad and modulation of vibration intensity through the proposed soft actuator based tactile interface.
Amplitude and phase modes in<i>trans</i>-polyacetylene: Resonant Raman scattering and induced infrared activity (1987)

The resonant Raman scattering (RRS) from the three ${A}_{g}$ modes of trans-polyacetylene and the charged-induced ir modes are analyzed with use of the amplitude- and phase-mode theories. It is shown that the observed phonon frequencies and the relative intensities of all modes obtained at various laser excitation energies \ensuremath{\Elzxh}${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L}$ is accounted for by a single phonon propagator which also describes the charge-induced infrared-active modes. The dispersion of the RRS frequencies with \ensuremath{\Elzxh}${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{L}$ exhibits inhomogeneity of the sample which in turn provides the functional dependence of the \ensuremath{\pi}-electron gap ${E}_{g}$ on an effective coupling parameter \ensuremath{\lambda}\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}. We show that inhomogeneity in both the electron-phonon and the electron-electron interaction parameters yields inhomogeneity in \ensuremath{\lambda}\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}. The experimental gap-versus-\ensuremath{\lambda}\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{} relation is consistent with the Peierls model but allows for weak electron-electron interactions which enhance the gap. We propose a method by which the distribution in \ensuremath{\lambda}\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}, P(\ensuremath{\lambda}\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}), is directly derived from the experimental spectra. It appears that different samples show different breadth for the distribution function; samples with sharper RRS features have narrower P(\ensuremath{\lambda}\ifmmode \tilde{}\else \~{}\fi{}). We give an experimental estimate of the \ensuremath{\sigma}-bond contribution to the force constant of the carbon-carbon stretching mode and the electron-phonon interaction parameter. The pinning parameter of the charged carriers and its distribution are derived directly from the infrared absorption spectra induced either by doping or by photogeneration. The pinning of the doping-induced carriers is stronger and its distribution is wider; giving thus rise to the broader lines in the doping-induced infrared spectra. The mass of the photogenerated solitons is estimated from the relative strength of the infrared spectra and is approximately equal to the band effective mass of the electrons.
Concurrent Update on Multiprogrammed Shared Memory Multiprocessors (1996)

Most multiprocessors are multiprogrammed in order to achieve acceptable response time and to increase utilization. Unfortunately, inopportune preemption may significantly degrade the performance of synchronized parallel applications. To address this problem, researchers have developed two principal strategies for concurrent, atomic update of shared data structures: preemption-safe locking and non-blocking (lock-free) algorithms. Preemption-safe locking requires kernel support. Non-blocking algorithms generally require a universal atomic primitive such as compare and swap or load linked/store conditional. We focus in our study on four simple but important concurrent data structures---stacks, FIFO queues, priority queues and counters---in synthetic kernels and real applications on a 12-processor SGI Challenge multiprocessor. Our results indicate that efficient, data-structure-specific non-blocking algorithms, which exist for stacks, FIFO queues and counters, outperform both preemption-s...
Alarmin S100A8/S100A9 as a biomarker for molecular imaging of local inflammatory activity (2014)

Inflammation has a key role in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. The early detection, localization and monitoring of inflammation are crucial for tailoring individual therapies. However, reliable biomarkers to detect local inflammatory activities and to predict disease outcome are still missing. Alarmins, which are locally released during cellular stress, are early amplifiers of inflammation. Here, using optical molecular imaging, we demonstrate that the alarmin S100A8/S100A9 serves as a sensitive local and systemic marker for the detection of even sub-clinical disease activity in inflammatory and immunological processes like irritative and allergic contact dermatitis. In a model of collagen-induced arthritis, we use S100A8/S100A9 imaging to predict the development of disease activity. Furthermore, S100A8/S100A9 can act as a very early and sensitive biomarker in experimental leishmaniasis for phagocyte activation linked to an effective Th1-response. In conclusion, the alarmin S100A8/S100A9 is a valuable and sensitive molecular target for novel imaging approaches to monitor clinically relevant inflammatory disorders on a molecular level.
A comparative study of phosphoric acid‐doped <i>m</i>‐PBI membranes (2013)

ABSTRACT Phosphoric acid (PA)‐doped m ‐polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes used in high temperature fuel cells and hydrogen pumps were prepared by a conventional imbibing process and a sol–gel fabrication process. A comparative study was conducted to investigate the critical properties of PA doping levels, ionic conductivities, mechanical properties, and molecular ordering. This systematic study found that sol–gel PA‐doped m ‐PBI membranes were able to absorb higher acid doping levels and to achieve higher ionic conductivities than conventionally imbibed membranes when treated in an equivalent manner. Even at similar acid loadings, the sol–gel membranes exhibited higher ionic conductivities. Heat treatment of conventionally imbibed membranes with ≤29 wt % solids caused a significant reduction in mechanical properties; conversely, sol–gel membranes exhibited an enhancement in mechanical properties. From X‐ray structural studies and atomistic simulations, both conventionally imbibed and sol–gel membranes exhibited d ‐spacings of 3.5 and 4.6 Å, which were tentatively attributed to parallel ring stacking and staggered side‐to‐side packing, respectively, of the imidazole rings in these aromatic heterocyclic polymers. An anisotropic staggered side‐to‐side chain packing present in the conventional membranes may be related to the reduction in mechanical properties. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. 2014 , 52, 26–35
Oxide Ion Conductivity and Chemical Stability of Lanthanum Fluorides Doped with Oxygen, La(Sr,Na)F<sub>3</sub><sub>-</sub><sub>2</sub><i><sub>X</sub></i>O<i><sub>X</sub></i> (2004)

Oxide ion conductivity in doped LaOXF3-2X was investigated. It was found that oxygen doped into LaF3 can be mobile through introduced anion vacancy and LaO0.6F1.8 exhibits the high oxide ion conductivity, which is comparable with those in doped Bi2O3-based oxides. The oxide ion conductivity in LaO0.6F1.8 was further improved by simultaneous doping of SrO, SrF2, and NaF. The highest conductivity is achieved with the composition La0.9Sr0.1Na0.05O0.4F2.0 in the present study. La0.9Sr0.1Na0.05O0.4F2.0 is chemically stable in oxygen partial pressure from 1 to 10-21 atm, and almost the theoretical electromotive force is exhibited in the oxygen gas-concentration cell. The conductivity of oxygen-doped LaF3 was further confirmed by the dc polarization method. No polarization in conductivity was observed over 24 h, and also no segregation of F- ion at positive electrode was noticed. Furthermore, desorption of F2 from lattice was not observed. Therefore, it was confirmed that oxygen-doped LaF3 exhibits oxide ion conductivity. The chemical stability of La0.9Sr0.1O0.4F2.0 was further studied, and it was confirmed that F-rich lanthanum oxyfluoride is highly stable against humidity not only at elevated but also at room temperature.
Copper(I) Cyanide Networks:  Synthesis, Luminescence Behavior and Thermal Analysis. Part 1. Diimine Ligands (2007)

Metal-organic networks of CuCN with diimines (L) = pyrazine (Pyz), 2-aminopyrazine (PyzNH(2)), quinoxaline (Qox), phenazine (Phz), 4,4'-bipyridyl (Bpy), pyrimidine (Pym), 2-aminopyrimidine (PymNH(2)), 2,4-diaminopyrimidine (Pym(NH(2))(2)), 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine (Pym(NH(2))(3)), quinazoline (Qnz), pyridazine (Pdz), and phthalazine (Ptz) were studied. Open reflux reactions produced complexes (CuCN)(2)(L) for L = Qox, Phz, Bpy, PymNH(2), Pym(NH(2))(2), Qnz, and Pdz and (CuCN)(3)(L) complexes for L = Pyz, PyzNH(2), Qox, Bpy, Pym(NH(2))(3), and Pdz. Also produced were (CuCN)(3)(Pyz)(2), (CuCN)(PyzNH(2)), (CuCN)7(Pym)(2), (CuCN)(5)(Qnz)(2) and (CuCN)(5)(Ptz)(2). X-ray structures are presented for (CuCN)(2)(Pdz), (CuCN)(2)(PymNH(2)), and (CuCN)(7)(Pym)(2). Hydrothermal reactions yielded additional X-ray structures of (CuCN)(2)(PyzNH(2)), (CuCN)(3)(Pym(NH(2))(2)), (CuCN)(4)(Qnz), a second (CuCN)(2)(Pdz) phase, (CuCN)(5)(Pdz)2, (CuCN)(2)(Ptz), and (CuCN)(7)(Ptz)2. Structural trends, including cuprophilic interactions and cyano-bridged Cu(2)(CN)(2) dimer formation, are discussed. Particularly short Cu...Cu interactions are noted for the novel 4- and 5-coordinate Cu(2)(CN)(2) dimers. Thermal analyses show that most of the complexes decompose with loss of L around 160-180 degrees C. Luminescence behavior is relatively weak in the products.
X-ray Crystal Structure of the Trimeric N-terminal Domain of Gephyrin (2001)

Gephyrin is a ubiquitously expressed protein that, in the central nervous system, forms a submembraneous scaffold for anchoring inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the postsynaptic membrane. The N- and C-terminal domains of gephyrin are homologous to the Escherichia coli enzymes MogA and MoeA, respectively, both of which are involved in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis. This enzymatic pathway is highly conserved from bacteria to mammals, as underlined by the ability of gephyrin to rescue molybdenum cofactor deficiencies in different organisms. Here we report the x-ray crystal structure of the N-terminal domain (amino acids 2-188) of rat gephyrin at 1.9-A resolution. Gephyrin-(2-188) forms trimers in solution, and a sequence motif thought to be involved in molybdopterin binding is highly conserved between gephyrin and the E. coli protein. The atomic structure of gephyrin-(2-188) resembles MogA, albeit with two major differences. The path of the C-terminal ends of gephyrin-(2-188) indicates that the central and C-terminal domains, absent in this structure, should follow a similar 3-fold arrangement as the N-terminal region. In addition, a central beta-hairpin loop found in MogA is lacking in gephyrin-(2-188). Despite these differences, both structures show a high degree of surface charge conservation, which is consistent with their common catalytic function.
<i>HMGA2</i> gene is a promising target for ovarian cancer silencing therapy (2008)

Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies and the small success rate of routine therapeutic methods justifies efforts to develop new approaches. Evaluation of targets for effective inhibition of ovarian cancer cell growth should precipitate clinical application of gene silencing therapy. In our previous work, we showed upregulation of HMGA2 gene expression as a result of Ras-induced rat ovarian surface epithelial cell transformation. This gene codes the HMGA2 protein, a member of the high-mobility group AT-hook (HMGA) family of nonhistone chromatin proteins. Genome-wide studies revealed upregulation of the HMGA2 gene in human ovarian carcinomas. Herein we have evaluated over-expression of the HMGA2 gene, relevant to ovarian cancer, in subsets of human specimens and cell lines by in situ RNA hybridization and RT-PCR. Transient silencing of HMGA2 gene by means of siRNA inhibited proliferation of those ovarian cancer cells, which over-express this gene initially. Growth suppression was mediated by cell-cycle arrest. Stable silencing of highly expressed HMGA2 gene by shRNAi in A27/80, Ovcar-3 and OAW-42 ovarian cancer cell lines resulted in growth inhibition because of G1 arrest and increase of apoptosis as well. The tumor growth inhibition effect of HMGA2 silencing for Ovcar-3 cells was validated in vivo. Our findings revealed that the HMGA2 gene represents a promising target for gene silencing therapy in ovarian cancer.