gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Two-Way Relaying Networks with Battery-Assisted EH Relays (2018)

In this paper, we investigate the performance of a two-way relaying (TWR) network with a battery-assisted energy harvesting (EH) relay. The relay uses limited battery energy to augment the harvested energy and aid communication between the two source terminals. Considering a time-switching relaying (TSR) protocol at the EH relay, we investigate the performance of the TWR system in terms of outage, throughput, and ergodic rate. Assuming that the source with a better channel to the relay transfers energy in the EH phase, we investigate statistical and instantaneous channel state information (CSI)-based optimization of the TSR parameter to maximize throughput for a fixed amount of relay battery energy usage. We observe that the instantaneous CSI-based optimization results in higher throughput with less battery energy usage. Furthermore, we investigate the problem of minimization of battery energy consumption for target throughput using the statistical and instantaneous CSI-based optimization of the TSR parameter. We show that battery energy consumption can be drastically reduced by availability of instantaneous CSI. The derived insights are crucial from a designer point of view. Simulation results are presented to confirm accuracy of the derived analytical expressions.
Giant Planar Hall Effect in Epitaxial (Ga,Mn)As Devices (2003)

Large Hall resistance jumps are observed in microdevices patterned from epitaxial (Ga,Mn)As layers when subjected to a swept, in-plane magnetic field. This giant planar Hall effect is 4 orders of magnitude greater than previously observed in metallic ferromagnets. This enables extremely sensitive measurements of the angle-dependent magnetic properties of (Ga,Mn)As. The magnetic anisotropy fields deduced from these measurements are compared with theoretical predictions.
Leukocyte Telomere Length Predicts SSRI Response in Major Depressive Disorder: A Preliminary Report (2016)

Short leukocyte telomere length (LTL) may be associated with several psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Short LTL has previously been associated with poor response to psychiatric medications in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, but no studies have prospectively assessed the relationship of LTL to SSRI response in MDD. We assessed pre-treatment LTL, depression severity (using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HDRS]), and self-reported positive and negative affect in 27 healthy, unmedicated adults with MDD. Subjects then underwent open-label treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant for eight weeks, after which clinical ratings were repeated. Analyses were corrected for age, sex and BMI. "Non-responders" to treatment (HDRS improvement <50%) had significantly shorter pre-treatment LTL, compared to "Responders" (p=0.037). Further, shorter pre-treatment LTL was associated with less improvement in negative affect (p<0.010) but not with changes in positive affect (p=0.356). This preliminary study is the first to assess the relationship between LTL and SSRI response in MDD and among the first to prospectively assess its relationship to treatment outcome in any psychiatric illness. Our data suggest that short LTL may serve as a vulnerability index of poorer response to SSRI treatment, but this needs examination in larger samples.
Templated Platinum/Carbon Oxygen Reduction Fuel Cell Electrocatalysts (2010)

This paper describes a new class of templated electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. Electrocatalysts were made by two consecutive procedures. First, porous silica particles were formed by sol−gel synthesis conducted in the aqueous phase of a dispersed system of surfactant micelles and oil microemulsion droplets. This oxide material with bimodal pore size distribution (biporous silica) was then templated by infiltration with solutions of carbon precursor (sucrose) and platinum salt, followed by controlled pyrolysis and dissolution of the silica template. The effect of the bimodal porous structure of the sacrificial silica particles on the structure and oxygen reduction performance of platinum electrocatalysts is discussed. Morphology, composition, and structure of templated carbon support and decorated platinum nanophase were studied through extensive characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Optimization of the synthesis conditions resulted in significantly improved performance toward oxygen reduction, evaluated in rotating disk electrode (RDE) and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) configurations.
Detection algorithms in implantable cardioverter defibrillators (1996)

Presents a review of the evolution of tachycardia fibrillation detection algorithms designed for implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) including those that have been incorporated into first, second, and third generation devices. The major emphasis of this review is an overview of the development of new and innovative means for improved detection in next-generation devices. Time-domain and frequency-domain methods of electrogram analyses are described, limitations are cited and promising new proposals for increased specificity which address the false shock incidence are presented.
Transient energy-release pressure-driven microdevices (1992)

A class of transient pressure-driven micromechanical devices that have several advantages over conventional microelectromechanical actuators is described. Although most micromechanical systems developed to date have been involved with electromagnetic or electrostatic forces, in the future micromechanical systems will also involve fluid mechanics, gas dynamics, and thermodynamics at unusually small scales. Generally, the size scaling laws for fluid flows and heat transfer are well understood; however, at the scale of micromachines (say 1-100 mu m), the details of transient behavior become a dominant consideration. The basic principles of transient pressure-driven actuators and some of the factors that must be considered in such designs are discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
A low-cost method for test and speed characterization of digital integrated circuit prototypes (2013)

A novel method for the high-speed test and characterization of digital integrated circuit prototypes has been developed. It utilizes a specially developed off-chip processor and supporting circuitry that is to be included on the prototype chip to facilitate the test and characterization process. The processor administers the user-defined test, receives and stores the test results. The test procedure and data is downloaded to the processor's memory through a standard interface. The supporting circuitry receives the test data serially from the processor, apply it to the selected circuit within the IC, collect and reformat the test results and send it to the processor. It also includes a high-frequency configurable clock generator to be used for performance characterization of the prototyped circuits. This allows the interface between the processor and the prototype chip to be fixed with any circuits being prototyped and tested. This unique hybrid solution, enables testing at full speed with minimal cost compared to the current method of using highspeed test equipments. The proposed method was validated with a complete prototype using FPGAs. A complete layout of the onchip support circuitry with 4 circuit prototypes had a total area of ~0.01 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> using Lfoundry's 150 nm technology.
An End-to End-Approach to Naturally Fractured Reservoir Modeling: Workflow and Implementation (2007)

Fracture network models provide both qualitative and quantitative information about the reservoir. They can serve various, sometimes contradictory, purposes: understanding early water breakthrough, optimizing productivity or maximizing recovery. In order to optimize its predictive value, the model must account for all available data: seismic, well logs, well tests and production history. In this paper, we present a general workflow and implementation for building an easily updatable fractured reservoir model. It consists in (1) building a statistical representation of the fracture network, taking into account the spatial variability of the parameters that describe the model (fracture density, orientation, etc.), (2) generating stochastically a geologically consistent discrete fracture model from this representation and (3) computing equivalent fracture permeability, porosity and shape factor to feed the flow simulation model. This process is tightly integrated in the reservoir modeling workflow, so that model updating and uncertainty analysis can be automated.
Wavelength selectable laser with inherent wavelength and single-mode stability (1997)

We present a 8/spl times/200 GHz wavelength selectable laser that has inherent wavelength and single-longitudinal-mode stability. The wavelength stabilization is accomplished by the long cavity and passive intracavity chirped waveguide grating router, and the single-mode stabilization is accomplished by gain nonlinearities, aided by minimization of cavity length and router passband width.
A Wide-band Slot-based Frequency Agile Yagi-Like MIMO Antenna System (2020)

In this work, we propose a wide-band slot-based frequency agile 2-layer Yagi-uda-like multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system. The MIMO system consists of 4 identical pentagonal slot-line based active antenna elements reactively loaded with varactor diodes to achieve frequency reconfigurability. The proposed antenna could be tuned over a wide frequency band from 1.5-2.1 GHz. To achieve Yagiuda-like directional characteristics of a slot antenna, a parasitic metallic reflector layer was used below the substrate. This helped in suppressing the back-lobe radiation and thus a front-to-back ratio (FBR) of 5-13 dB is achieved within the entire frequency band of operation. The proposed 4-element design is compact with an overall size of $100\times 100 \times 20$ mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> , and a reflector size of $\textbf{110}\times \textbf{110}$ mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . The antenna system also shows good MIMO performance with high port isolation and very low envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) values within the operational band.
An active power bandpass filter (1978)

This paper describes a new approach to the realization of an active 60 hz bandpass power filter. The system uses power switching to minimize attenuation losses and negative feedback to obtain narrowband filtering with a high degree of attenuation, without using large inductors and capacitors.
Closed loop control of lactate concentration in mammalian cell culture by Raman spectroscopy leads to improved cell density, viability, and biopharmaceutical protein production (2016)

ABSTRACT Accumulation of lactate in mammalian cell culture often negatively impacts culture performance, impeding production of therapeutic proteins. Many efforts have been made to limit the accumulation of lactate in cell culture. Here, we describe a closed loop control scheme based on online spectroscopic measurements of glucose and lactate concentrations. A Raman spectroscopy probe was used to monitor a fed‐batch mammalian cell culture and predict glucose and lactate concentrations via multivariate calibration using partial least squares regression (PLS). The PLS models had a root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.27 g/L for glucose and 0.20 g/L for lactate. All glucose feeding was controlled by the Raman PLS model predictions. Glucose was automatically fed when lactate levels were beneath a setpoint (either 4.0 or 2.5 g/L) and glucose was below its own setpoint (0.5 g/L). This control scheme was successful in maintaining lactate levels at an arbitrary setpoint throughout the culture, as compared to the eventual accumulate of lactate to 8.0 g/L in the historical process. Automated control of lactate by restricted glucose feeding led to improvements in culture duration, viability, productivity, and robustness. Culture duration was extended from 11 to 13 days, and harvest titer increased 85% over the historical process. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 2416–2424. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chip-Type Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation Channel Coupled with Mass Spectrometry for Top-Down Protein Identification (2011)

A chip-type design asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) channel has been developed for high-speed separation of proteins and top-down proteomic analysis using online coupled electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The new miniaturized AF4 channel was assembled by stacking multilayer thin stainless steel (SS, 1.5 mm each) plates embedded with an SS frit in such a way that the total thickness of the channel assembly was about 6 mm. The efficiency of the miniaturized AF4 channel at different channel lengths was examined with the separation of protein standards by adjusting flow rates in which an identical effective channel flow rate or an identical void time can be maintained at different channels. Detection limit, overloading effect, reproducibility, and influence of channel membrane materials on separation efficiency were investigated. Desalting and purification of proteins achieved during the AF4 operation by the action of an exiting crossflow and the use of aqueous mass-spectrometry-compatible (MS-compatible) buffer were advantageous for online coupling of the chip-type AF4 with ESI-MS. The direct coupling of AF4 and ESI-MS capabilities was demonstrated for the high-speed separation and identification of carbonic anhydrase (29 kDa) and transferrin (78 kDa) by full scan MS and for the first top-down identification of proteins with AF4-ESI-MS-MS using collision-induced fragmentation (CID). The presence of intact dimers (156 kDa) of transferrin was confirmed by AF4-ESI-MS via size separation of the dimers from monomers, followed by multiply charged ion spectral analysis of the dimers and molecular mass determinations. It was also found from these experiments that AF4-ESI-MS analysis of transferrin exhibited an increased signal-to-noise ratio compared to that of direct ESI-MS analysis due to online purification of the protein sample and size separation of dimers with AF4.
Tulbaghia violacea L. II: In vivo antifungal properties towards plant pathogens (2006)

In vitro antifungal activity of crude extracts from Tulbaghia violacea against 6 economically important plant pathogenic fungi was previously reported. The in vivo control of Mycosphaerella pinodes, causative of Ascochyta blight, by different concentrations of a crude aerial part extract of T. violacea was subsequently followed qualitatively and quantitatively in terms of lesions that developed over a 6-day period at 20°C on detached pea (Pisum sativum) leaves. Infection by M. pinodes spores was prevented when the extract was applied both before and after inoculation, confirming complete inhibition of spore germination, whereas no phytotoxic effect was observed on the leaves. Additionally, the control of sorghum covered (Sporisorium sorghi) and loose (S. cruentum) kernel smuts by seed treatment with the crude extract was tested under field conditions. Before planting, different sorghum seed lots were inoculated separately with spores from the 2 pathogens at a rate of 0.5% per kg (w/w), followed by treatment with the crude extract, at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL, 24 h later. A standard fungicide, Thiram (65 W), was applied as a positive control at a rate of 0.25% per kg (v/w). Disease incidence was quantified during harvest and expressed as percentage infected plants. Seed treatment with the extract significantly (P&lt; 0.05) reduced the incidence of both sorghum loose and covered smut diseases, compared favourably with the standard fungicide, and resulted in significant yield increases compared to the untreated control.
Chemistry and Biology of Terpene Trilactones from Ginkgo Biloba (2004)

Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Simultaneous injection locking of couples of high-power broad-area lasers driven by a common current source (2002)

We experimentally demonstrate the simultaneous injection locking of pairs of high-power broad-area laser diodes in a 19-laser array driven by a common current source. Each pair is injection locked by use of a single-mode low-power semiconductor laser. The frequency and phase locking are verified bythe optical spectrum and the interference pattern between the injection-locked lasers. The influence of frequency detuning on the (simultaneous) injection behavior has been experimentally clarified. We validate a necessary condition for the injection locking of a broad-area laser array.
Synthesis and ocular antihypertensive activity of new imidazolidine derivatives containing a .beta.-blocking side chain (1991)

The syntheses of new phenylimidazolidine derivatives (3-6)1 containing a propanolamine oxime or an oxypropanolamine moiety attached either to the aromatic or to the imidazolidine ring are described. These compounds were evaluated for potential ocular antihypertensive activity in alpha-chymotrypsin-induced ocular hypertension in rabbits. These compounds represent a unique series of effective ocular antihypertensive agents that despite possessing structural characteristics of beta-blockers and of imidazolidine derivatives, exhibit weak alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist and antagonist activities. These findings may be of significant therapeutic importance in the medical management of glaucoma.
Material Design for High Strength and Toughness of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites (1998)

Crack growth behaviors in continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites have been analyzed in termes of stress intensity factors using the finite-element method. Namely, the effects of Young's modulus ratio, Em/Ef, and fiber volume fraction, Vf, on the stress intensity factors have been investigated. As a result, it was confirmed that the stress intensity factor increased with increasing the Young's modulus ratio and decreasing the fiber volume fraction. Also, the results showed that a matrix with a low Young's modulus and a low thermal expansion coefficient is effective for preventing crack growth from the matrix through the fiber.
SuperCell: Adaptive Software-Defined Storage for Cloud Storage Workloads (2018)

The explosive growth of data due to the increasing adoption of cloud technologies in the enterprise has created a strong demand for more flexible, cost-effective, and scalable storage solutions. Many storage systems, however, are not well matched to the workloads they service due to the difficulty of configuring the storage system optimally a priori with only approximate knowledge of the workload characteristics. This paper shows how cloud-based orchestration can be leveraged to create flexible storage solutions that use continuous adaptation to tailor themselves to their target application workloads, and in doing so, provide superior performance, cost, and scalability over traditional fixed designs. To demonstrate this approach, we have built "SuperCell," a Ceph-based distributed storage solution with a recommendation engine for the storage configuration. SuperCell provides storage operators with real-time recommendations on how to reconfigure the storage system to optimize its performance, cost, and efficiency based on statistical storage modeling and data analysis of the actual workload. Using real cloud storage workloads, we experimentally demonstrate that SuperCell reduces the cost of storage systems by up to 48%, while meeting service level agreement (SLA) 99% of the time, a level that any static design fails to meet for the workloads.
Improving flux predictions by integrating data from multiple strains (2016)

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Detection of both heartbeat and respiration signals from airflow at mouth by using single catheter flow sensor (2015)

We detect both heartbeat and respiration signals from the airflow at the mouth by using a single catheter flow sensor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time this was achieved. We developed an endotracheal intubation tube with a flow sensor, and applied it to a rat's airway. We first measured the airflow rate mostly dominated by respiration signals. We then successfully extracted both heartbeat and respiration signals from the airflow waveform by using filters. The extracted heartbeat signal was compared to an electrocardiogram graph measured directly from the rat, and the periodic peaks in both were confirmed to be almost coincident.
The Exercise-Responsive Cardiac Pacemaker (1984)

The heart has two properties: rhythmicity and contractility. Rhythmic contractions are initiated by the heart's pacemaker, the sinoatrial node, which lies in the right atrium. If the sino-atrial node fails, or if its electrical excitations are not propagated to the ventricles (the main pumping chambers), they wil still contract rhythmically but at a rate that is sometimes too slow to provide enough cardiac output to sustain consciousness. It is for this reason that rhythmic electrical stimuli are delivered to the ventricles in order to increase cardiac output to a level adequate to permit the subject to perform routine daily tasks. The technique of applying rhythmic electrical stimuli to the ventricles is called cardiac pacemaking; it can be achieved in several interesting ways, as this paper will describe.
Ultrathin wafer handling in 3D Stacked IC manufacturing combining a novel ZoneBOND&#x2122; temporary bonding process with room temperature peel debonding (2012)

Among the technological developments pushed by the emergence of 3D Stacked IC technologies, temporary wafer bonding and thinning have become key elements in device processing over the past years. While these elements are now mature enough for high-volume manufacturing, thin wafer debonding and handling still remain challenging. Hence this work focuses on a novel ZoneBOND approach to face these challenges.
Garcinia benzophenones promote hyphal apoptosis and potentiate activity of fluconazole in Candida albicans biofilms (2015)

Xanthochymol and garcinol, isoprenylated benzophenones purified from Garcinia xanthochymus fruits, showed multiple activities against Candida albicans biofilms. Both compounds effectively prevented emergence of fungal germ tubes, although they did not affect fungal adhesion to substrate. Xanthochymol indefinitely prevented hyphal emergence and thus prevented development of hyphae and subsequent biofilm maturation. Garcinol was a transient inhibitor. Xanthochymol (10-5 M) also induced hyphal-specific cell death in forming and mature biofilms. The death had characteristics of apoptosis, including externalization of phosphatydyl serine and DNA fragmentation, as evidenced by TUNEL fluorescence. This activity contributed to inhibition of biofilm maturation, and also led to hyphal death in mature biofilms. Further, xanthochymol was synergistic with fluconazole, reducing the EC50 value for the antifungal 80-fold from > 1024 µg/ml to 13 µg/ml. Therefore xanthochymol has potential both as a reagent for determining cellular mechanisms of morphogenesis and programmed death, and as an adjuvant for antifungal treatments.