gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
JX-594, a targeted oncolytic poxvirus for the treatment of cancer. (2009)

JX-594 is a replication-competent Wyeth strain vaccinia virus that was genetically modified to inactive the endogenous thymidine kinase gene and to express human GM-CSF and LacZ genes. In development by Jennerex Inc and licensee Green Cross Corp, the modified virus is a novel therapy for treatment-refractive metastatic malignancies from various sites of origin. Targeted oncolytic virotherapy has demonstrated promise in preclinical studies, and more than ten viral species have subsequently entered clinical trials. JX-594 has been modified to augment the intrinsic targeting and oncolytic potential of the vaccinia virus and to enhance antitumor immunity by the expression of the GM-CSF transgene in situ. In vitro and in vivo animal studies have demonstrated the replication specificity of JX-594 for cancer cell lines and tumors, and the restriction of serum human GM-CSF expression to tumor-bearing animals, resulting in significantly reduced tumor burden and an increase in median survival. In phase I trials, JX-594 was well tolerated, with mild systemic toxicity reported. In a phase I trial in seven patients with melanoma, one partial response and one complete response after surgery were observed. In another phase I trial in patients with hepatic carcinoma, three out of ten evaluable patients had a partial response and six had stable disease; the MTD was also established. A phase II trial in patients (expected n = 30) with unresectable primary hepatocellular carcinoma was recruiting at the time of publication, with completion expected in March 2010, and a phase III trial in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was planned for the second half of 2010. Further clinical investigations are needed to explore the potential of this agent as a single therapy and as part of multimodal treatment regimens.
Synthesis and properties of imidazole-blocked diisocyanates (1999)

Imidazole-, 2-methylimidazole- and benzimidazole-blocked hexamethylene diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate have been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, IR and NMR spectroscopy. The structure–property relationship of these adducts has been established by reacting with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB). The cure rate of the adduct increases from the imidazole to 2-methylimidazole and to the benzimidazole-blocked adduct. Also, the cure rate of the adducts based on hexamethylene diisocyanate is higher than those based on isophorone diisocyanate. Simultaneous TGA/DTA results also confirm this trend. The gas chromatogram of the imidazole-blocked isocyanate confirms that the thermolysis products are blocking agent and isocyanate. The solubilities of the adducts have been measured in polyether and hydrocarbon polyols: the 2-methylimidazole and benzimidazole-blocked hexamethylene diisocyanate adducts show higher solubility than the rest. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry
Real-time Motion Stabilization with B-mode Ultrasound Using Image Speckle Information and Visual Servoing (2009)

We develop visual servo control to stabilize the image of moving soft tissue in B-mode ultrasound (US) imaging. We define the target region in a B-mode US image, and automatically control a robot to manipulate a an US probe by minimizing the difference between the target and the most recently acquired US image. We exploit tissue speckle information to compute the relative pose between the probe and the target region. In-plane motion is handled by image region tracking and out-of-plane motion recovered by speckle tracking using speckle decorrelation. A visual servo control scheme is then applied to manipulate the US probe to stabilize the target region in the live US image. In a first experiment involving only translational motion, an US phan-In a first experiment involving only translational motion, an US phan tom was moved by one robot while stabilizing the target with a second robot holding the US probe. In a second experiment, large six-degree-of-freedom (DOF) motions were manually applied to an US phantom while a six-DOF medical robot was controlled automatically to compensate for the probe displacement. The obtained results support the hypothesis that automated motion stabilization shows promise for a variety of US-guided medical procedures such as prostate cancer brachytherapy.
The combined use of a continuous‐flow microchannel reactor and ionic liquid cosolvent for efficient biocatalysis of unpurified recombinant enzyme (2018)

Abstract BACKGROUND Microfluidic biocatalysis has advantages in terms of heat transfer and mass transfer. However, mass transfer in microscale conditions is often limited by excessive enzyme agglomeration, resulting in reduced reactor performance. In the present study, to establish an efficient and inexpensive microreaction system for obtaining high‐value fine chemicals, a novel combined use of continuous‐flow microchannel reactor and ionic liquid cosolvent for efficient production of isoquercitrin from rutin catalysed by unpurified recombinant enzyme RhaB1 was successfully carried out. RESULTS The unpurified RhaB1 was expressed by BL21‐pET21a‐ rhaB1 and the amino acid sequence was confirmed by Maldi‐TOF‐TOF, which was directly applied in microchannel reactors with an increased activity of 37.7% compared with the purified RhaB1, with [Toma][Tf 2 N] used as a cosolvent to avoid enzymatic agglomeration. A yield of 99.3 ± 4.3% was achieved in 10 min using crude RhaB1 in microchannel reactors under optimum conditions, and circular dichroism spectroscopy confirmed that [Toma][Tf 2 N] had a positive effect on RhaB1 activity. Compared with a batch reactor, the reaction time was reduced by 98.3%, the K m was decreased to 1/3 and productivity was improved 61.4 times. CONCLUSION Results indicated that the developed cosolvent system in the microfluidic reactor could improve the solubility and liquidity of recombinant RhaB1. The protocol is promising for industrial applications due to higher productivity and lower costs. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Reflexiones martianas en torno a la agricultura sostenible (2003)

En el presente articulo se realiza una valoracion general sobre algunas concepciones martianas en relacion con la sustentabilidad agricola. Para ello se realizo una revision de diferentes textos y escritos del Maestro, de los cuales se extrajeron citas con las que se demostro la vigencia del ideario agrario de Jose Marti; lo que constituye una contribucion de losautores en su acercamiento a su obra. Las ideas que aqui se exponen adquieren gran significacion a la luz del 150 Aniversario del natalicio del Apostol, pues en la actualidad su doctrina atesora una colosal fuerza ante los retos impuestos por el uso inadecuado de los recursos naturales y sus consecuencias para la vida de nuestro planeta. El cuidado y conservacion del medio ambiente siempre estuvo presente en la obra martiana, al mismo tiempo que nos lego un llamado sobre la necesidad de unir esfuerzos para el logrode una cultura de la naturaleza.
Surface-penetrating radar (1996)

Surface-penetrating radar is a nondestructive testing technique which uses electromagnetic waves to investigate the composition of nonconducting materials either when searching for buried objects or when measuring their internal structure. A typical surface-penetrating radar transmits a short pulse of electromagnetic energy of 1 ns (10-9 s) time duration from a transmit antenna into the material. Energy reflected from discontinuities in impedance is received by means of a receive antenna and is then suitably processed and displayed by a radar receiver and display unit. If the transmit and receive antennas are moved at a constant velocity along a linear path, a cross-sectional image of the material can be generated. Alternatively, if the antennas are scanned in a regular grid pattern, a three-dimensional image of the target can be derived. This paper provides a review of the principles of the technique, discusses the technical requirements for the individual subsystems comprising a surface-penetrating radar and provides examples of typical applications for the method. Continued technical improvements in system performance enable clearer radar images of the internal structure of materials to be obtained, thus advancing the application of the technique.
Direct measurements of laser absorptivity during metal melt pool formation associated with powder bed fusion additive manufacturing processes (2018)

Direct calorimetric measurements are used to study the effective optical absorptivity at 1070 nm laser wavelength for bulk and powder-coated discs of industrially relevant metals. Effective absorptivity is plotted as a function of nominal laser power from 30 up to 600 W for scanning velocities of 100, 500, and 1500 mm/s. The absorptivity versus power curves of the bulk materials typically shows a reduction in effective absorptivity until the beginning of the formation of a keyhole-type surface depression that is associated with an increased absorption of the laser light in the growing keyhole until a saturation value is reached. For powders, an additional plateau of higher absorptivity can be observed for low laser power, until the curves qualitatively collapse when full melting of the powder tracks is achieved. It is shown that, under conditions associated with laser powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing, absorptivity values can vary greatly, and differ from both room temperature powder layer measurements and liquid metal estimates from the literature.
Comparison of Rectal, Axillary, and Forehead Temperatures (1996)

Previous studies that have suggested that axillary and forehead temperatures do not provide a reliable guide to the rectal temperature have all used inappropriate methods of analysis (correlation coefficients or sensitivity and specificity); previous studies that have based their conclusions on the correct method of analysis (paired differences and their SDs) have all found that the axillary temperature gives a good indication of the rectal temperature. The axillary temperature can be measured safely at any age, and the axillary temperature plus 1 degree C is a good guide to the rectal temperature in patients older than 1 month. Forehead strip thermometers are easy to use, but they do not estimate the rectal temperature as accurately as the axillary temperature does.
CELEBRAN LOS CIEN AÑOS DEL MUSEO DE GEOLOGÍA (2006)

EL MUSEO DE GEOLOGIA CELEBRO CIEN ANOS DE PRESERVAR EL ACERVO GEOLOGICO NACIONAL, INVESTIGAR Y DIFUNDIR LAS CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA, ASI COMO PROMOVER EL APRECIO POR LAS EXTRAORDINARIAS COLECCIONES CIENTIFICAS QUE EN EL SE ALBERGAN. EN EL EDIFICIO PORFIRIANO DEL MUSEO (PALACIO DE LAS CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA), EL COORDINADOR DE LA INVESTIGACION CIENTIFICA, RENE DRUCKER COLIN; EL DIRECTOR DEL INSTITUTO DE GEOLOGIA, GUSTAVO TOLSON; EL INVESTIGADOR EMERITO DE ESA ENTIDAD, ZOLTAN DE CZERNA, Y EL RESPONSABLE DE ESE RECINTO, LUIS ESPINOSA, ENCABEZARON LOS FESTEJOS POR EL PRIMER CENTENARIO. LUEGO DE QUE EL INVESTIGADOR ZOLTAN DE ZCERNA DIERA A CONOCER ANTECEDENTES EN TORNO AL MUSEO, RENE DRUCKER DIJO QUE ESTE CENTENARIO MARCA UN HITO EN LA HISTORIA DE MEXICO. SENALO QUE LA UNAM TIENE 77 ANOS DE CONTAR CON EL MUSEO DE GEOLOGIA, LO CUAL MUESTRA QUE LA INSTITUCION NO SOLO FORMA RECURSOS HUMANOS DE NIVEL LICENCIATURA Y POSGRADO DE ALTO NIVEL Y DIFUNDE LA CULTURA, SINO QUE TAMBIEN ES DEPOSITARIA DE UNA GRAN PARTE DE LA RIQUEZA DEL PAIS. GUSTAVO TOLSON DESTACO QUE EL PAPEL DE ESTE RECINTO ES FUNDAMENTAL EN LA DIVULGACION CIENTIFICA. ESTOY FIRMEMENTE CONVENCIDO QUE LAS CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA TIENEN UNA IMPORTANCIA INUSITADA EN LA SOLUCION DE LOS PROBLEMAS NACIONALES: CONTAMINACION, ESCASEZ DE AGUA, RECURSOS MINERALES Y ENERGETICOS, ENTRE OTROS, EXPUSO. SE ANOTA UNA SEMBLANZA HISTORICA DEL RECINTO, CREADO EN 1906 Y EL CUAL DESDE HACE M S DE 30 ANOS HA FUNGIDO COMO UNO DE LOS POCOS SITIOS CON QUE CUENTA EL PAIS PARA DIVULGAR EL CONOCIMIENTO DERIVADO DE LAS CIENCIAS DE LA TIERRA.
Designing Fast and Scalable XACML Policy Evaluation Engines (2010)

Most prior research on policies has focused on correctness. While correctness is an important issue, the adoption of policy-based computing may be limited if the resulting systems are not implemented efficiently and thus perform poorly. To increase the effectiveness and adoption of policy-based computing, in this paper, we propose fast policy evaluation algorithms that can be adapted to support various policy languages. In this paper, we focus on XACML policy evaluation because XACML has become the de facto standard for specifying access control policies, has been widely used on web servers, and is most complex among existing policy languages. We implemented our algorithms in a policy evaluation system called XEngine and conducted side-by-side comparison with Sun Policy Decision Point (PDP), the industrial standard for XACML policy evaluation. The results show that XEngine is orders of magnitude faster than Sun PDP. The performance difference grows almost linearly with the number of rules in an XACML policy. To our best knowledge, there is no prior work on improving XACML policy evaluation performance. This paper represents the first step in exploring this unknown space.
Therapy of Myasthenia Gravis (2012)

Abstract As a result of important advances in understanding the pathogenesis of MG, and developments in immunological treatment strategies, the outlook for myasthenic patients has improved dramatically in recent years. At present, with optimal treatment, the mortality rate is essentially zero, and nearly all myasthenic patients can be returned to full productive lives.1 Therapy of MG is based directly on concepts of the pathophysiology and immunology of MG. Therefore, successful practical treatment requires a clear understanding of both the physiological abnormalities at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and the immunological basis of the autoimmune attack, detailed in Chapters 2 and 4, and briefly outlined below.
Detection of Glasses in Near-Infrared Ocular Images (2018)

Eyeglasses change the appearance and visual perception of facial images. Moreover, under objective metrics, glasses generally deteriorate the sample quality of near-infrared ocular images and as a consequence can worsen the biometric performance of iris recognition systems. Automatic detection of glasses is therefore one of the prerequisites for a sufficient quality, interactive sample acquisition process in an automatic iris recognition system. In this paper, three approaches (i.e. a statistical method, a deep learning based method and an algorithmic method based on detection of edges and reflections) for automatic detection of glasses in near-infrared iris images are presented. Those approaches are evaluated using cross-validation on the CASIA-IrisV4-Thousand dataset, which contains 20000 images from 1000 subjects. Individually, they are capable of correctly classifying 95-98% of images, while a majority vote based fusion of the three approaches achieves a correct classification rate (CCR) of 99.54%.
Page segmentation and content classification for automatic document image processing (2002)

Page segmentation and image content classification is an important step for automatic document image processing including mixed-type document image compression, form and check reading, and mail sorting. The authors first propose an enhanced background thinning based page segmentation approach. They then present a hierarchical approach for the classification of the segmented sub-images into one of two categories: text and picture. The approach combines a cross-correlation method, the Kolmogorov complexity measure (A.N. Kolmogorov, 1965), and a neural network classifier in order to achieve both efficiency and high accuracy. Our approach has been tested on a number of mixed-type document images with good results.
Comparison of techniques for the determination of conversion during suspension polymerization reactions (2008)

The determination of conversion during suspension polymerization reactions is not an easy task due to the heterogeneity of the reaction medium and the tendency of particles to agglomerate rapidly when stirring is stopped. Usually, bulk polymerization in ampoules is employed to study the kinetics of suspension polymerization reactions. In this work, a comparison of different techniques for the determination of conversion during suspension polymerization reactions is presented. Results showed a good agreement between the conversion obtained by gravimetry during styrene suspension polymerization and on-line conversion monitoring data using fiber-optic based Raman Spectroscopy. Nevertheless, the polymerization rate of styrene bulk polymerization carried out in ampoules was higher than the real reaction rate of styrene suspension polymerization due to slightly higher reaction temperatures. Simulation results using the experimental temperature data in a mathematical model confirmed these results.
Economic Derivatives Markets-New Opportunities for Individual Investors: A Research Agenda (2007)

Economic derivatives markets offer exciting new risk diversification opportunities for individual investors. Mostly in the form of small denomination binary options, these markets trade contracts on consumer inflation, currencies, median real estate prices, gas at the pump, and retail-oriented indicators. The research into the role of these markets for individual investors is in its infancy. This paper provides a review of the current state of knowledge and sketch out three broad avenues of further worthwhile inquiry: economic derivatives as alternatives to traditional stock indexing, the viability of the markets in light of limited trading motives and small probabilities, and modeling difficulties
Rapid detection of common pathogenic <i>Aspergillus</i> species by a novel real‐time PCR approach (2008)

Invasive aspergillosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised and critically ill patients. Standard culture based methods for the diagnosis of Aspergillus infections have limited sensitivity and specificity and are time consuming. The recent availability of novel molecular based diagnostic techniques offers the potential of rapid, highly sensitive and specific pathogen detection. In this study, we aimed to develop a diagnostic assay to detect simultaneously common pathogenic Aspergillus species including Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus in whole blood specimen. A real-time PCR/probe set assay was designed to amplify the 18sRNA genomic region of Aspergillus. In addition to a previously probe set validated for the detection of A. fumigatus ('Asp.fum'), two other probe sets ('Asp.ter'; 'Asp.nig') were synthesised with 100% sequence homology to A. terreus or A. niger. Specificity testing demonstrated amplification of Aspergillus DNA, but not DNA from a panel of other common pathogenic fungi and bacteria and/or human DNA. Sensitivity testing in serial dilution assays revealed a lower detection limit of 1-5 CFU ml(-1) whole blood. However, no single probe set was most sensitive for all Aspergillus species tested and a combination of all three probe sets was necessary to achieve maximal overall assay sensitivity. Furthermore, inclusion of a subsequent probe melting temperature (Tm) analysis demonstrated species-specific Tm-patterns, useful to differentiate simultaneously between the different Aspergillus species detected. We describe a highly specific and sensitive real-time PCR approach to detect and differentiate the most common pathogenic Aspergillus species in a rapid 'same day' assay.
Response-Guided Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer (2013)

This exploratory analysis suggests that response-guided neoadjuvant chemotherapy might improve survival and is most effective in hormone receptor-positive tumors. If confirmed, the response-guided approach could provide a clinically meaningful advantage for the neoadjuvant over the adjuvant approach in early breast cancer.
Plasminogen and Plasminogen Activator Assembly on the Human Endothelial Cell (1993)

Through assembly of plasminogen and its activators, the endothelial cell surface may provide a favorable environment for constitutive generation of plasmin. This system may be regulated at multiple levels. Abundant expression of a 40-kDa protein with dual ligand-binding capacity may promote cell surface plasmin formation by colocalizing t-PA and plasminogen in a catalytically favorable configuration. Conversion of Glu-PLG to the preactivated form Lys-PLG, in the vicinity of the cell surface, may also precede plasmin formation. Physiologic concentrations of Lp(a), furthermore, may serve to modulate plasminogen activation at the cell surface by competing for binding sites, whereas elevated levels of Lp(a) might suppress this mechanism and lead to a subclinical prothrombotic state. Finally, cell surface binding sites for both plasmin and t-PA appear to protect these molecules from their physiologic antagonists, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor and plasminogen activator inhibitor, type-1, respectively. Plasmin formation may contribute to the nonthrombogenicity of the blood vessel wall.
Testing the IBM Power 7&#x2122; 4 GHz eight core microprocessor (2010)

The IBM Power 7™ 4 GHz, eight core microprocessor introduced several new challenges for the Power 7 test team: new pervasive test architecture, 8 asynchronous processor cores, DRAM integrated on the same die as processor and enhanced thermal test requirements. The design complexity, time to market schedule compression, and rapid production ramp required innovation and new methods to meet these challenges. The following is an overview of the design for test architecture, manufacturing test methodology, thermal calibration, and rapid yield learning deployed to address these challenges and deliver a leadership server processor.
Topical amitriptyline combined with ketamine for the treatment of erythromelalgia: a retrospective study of 36 patients at Mayo Clinic. (2013)

A majority of patients with erythromelalgia (75%) reported improvement in pain with topical application of a compounded amitriptyline-ketamine formulation. The medication was well tolerated.
A rapid in vivo technique for preliminary screening of antiarrhythmic agents in mice. (1977)

The search for new and better antiarrhythmic agents is complicated by the fact that currently there is no generally accepted, rapid, highly reproducible, in vivo screening technique which allows the use of large numbers of small animals for the purpose of statistical evaluation. Most of the methods available for use with small animals employ visual observation of the animal to assess electrophysiological events occurring in the heart. A rapid, inexpensive, in vivo screening technique is discribed, using aconitine as the arrhythmogenic agent. Arrhythmias induced by aconitine were measured by electrocardiogram (lead II). The times to onset of initial cardiac arrhythmias and ventricular tachycardia were determined and compared for significance in animals pretreated with physiological saline (control group), standard antiarrhythmic agents, and two drugs lacking antiarrhythmic activity. The results indicate that the method is a sensitive, rapid technique for preliminary in vivo screening of antiarrhythmic drugs.