gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemical Modification of Implantable Biologic Tissue for Anti-Calcification (1994)

Biologic porcine tissue was modified by coupling sulfonated polyethyl-eneoxide (PEO-SO3) and the effect of modification on calcification was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The modification process involves grafting PEO-SO3 to porcine valve leaflet either by carbodiimide (EDC) activation or by direct coupling using glutaraldehyde. Thermal property, measured by differential scanning calorimetry, showed that the shrinkage temperature of modified tissue increased compared with control tissue and fresh tissue, suggesting increased thermal stability. Resistance to collagenase digestion revealed that modified tissues have greater resistance to enzyme digestion than do control tissues. In vitro calcification showed that modified tissues have less calcium deposition than do control tissues. In vivo calcification, using a rat subcutaneous implantation model, also showed less calcification of modified tissue than that of control. The resistance of modified tissue to collagenase, higher shrinkage temperature, and reduced calcification, when compared with control tissue, attest to the usefulness of this chemical modification for implantable biologic tissue.
Comparison of the FDA-Approved CDC DENV-1-4 Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR with a Laboratory-Developed Assay for Dengue Virus Detection and Serotyping (2013)

Dengue virus (DENV) is the agent of the most common vector-borne disease worldwide. Using 199 clinical samples collected from Nicaragua and Sri Lanka, a laboratory-developed DENV multiplex real-time reverse transcription-PCR (rRT-PCR) proved more clinically sensitive than the FDA-approved CDC assay for DENV serotypes 1 to 4 when measured against a composite reference standard, with sensitivities of 97.4% versus 87.1%, respectively.
Low-Abundance HIV Drug-Resistant Viral Variants in Treatment-Experienced Persons Correlate with Historical Antiretroviral Use (2009)

Low-abundance HIV drug-resistant mutations in antiretroviral-experienced subjects at time of virologic failure can increase a subject's overall burden of resistance, yet commonly go unrecognized by conventional genotyping. The majority of unrecognized resistant mutations correlate with historical antiretroviral use. Ultra-deep sequencing can provide important historical resistance information for clinicians when planning subsequent antiretroviral regimens for highly treatment-experienced patients, particularly when their prior treatment histories and longitudinal genotypes are not available.
Optimizing AES for embedded devices and wireless sensor networks (2008)

The increased need for security in embedded applications in recent years has prompted efforts to develop encryption algorithms capable of running on resource constrained systems. The inclusion of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the IEEE 802.15.4 Zigbee protocol has driven its widespread use in current embedded platforms. We propose an implementation of AES in a high-level language (C in this case) that is the first software-based solution for 16-bit microcontrollers capable of matching the communication rate of 250 kbps specified by the Zigbee protocol, while also minimizing RAM and ROM usage. We discuss a series of optimizations and their effects that lead to our final implementation achieving an encryption speed of 286 kbps, RAM usage of 260 bytes, and code size of 5160 bytes on the Texas Instruments MSP430 microprocessor. We also develop rigorous benchmark experiments to compare other AES implementations on a common platform, and show that our implementation outperforms the best available implementation by 85%.
Novel neutron detector for high rate imaging applications (2003)

Next generation neutron science facilities, such as the Spallation Neutron Source, require improved thermal neutron detectors, with high counting rate capability, high spatial resolution, low cost per unit area, and adaptability to unique geometries. We propose a neutron detector technology, based on arrays of boron-lined plastic straws, that satisfies the above requirements. The elemental component of this detector is a B/sub 4/C-lined mylar straw, 4 mm in diameter and 1 m long, and operated as a proportional counter with an Ar/ethane gas mixture. Thermal neutrons captured in /sup 10/B are converted into secondary particles, which ionize the gas contained within the straw. Using a deep stack of such straws, with 20-25 layers, neutron detection efficiencies up to 80% can be achieved in the 1-10 /spl Aring/ neutron wavelength range. In such a highly segmented array, exceedingly high count rates can be achieved, on the order of 200/spl times/10/sup 6/ cps/m/sup 2/. Gamma ray discrimination was on the order of 10/sup 6/ for an energy threshold of 50 keV; position resolution of a 1-m long detector was measured to be 5.5 mm FWHM, and a highly linear readout was achieved using resistive charge division.
Molecular and clinical correlations in spinocerebellar ataxia type I: evidence for familial effects on the age at onset. (1994)

The spinocerebellar ataxias are a group of debilitating neurodegenerative diseases for which a clinical classification system has proved unreliable. We have recently isolated the gene for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) and have shown that the disease is caused by an expanded, unstable, CAG trinucleotide repeat within an expressed gene. Normal alleles have a size range of 19-36 repeats, while SCA1 alleles have 42-81 repeats. In this study, we examined the frequency and variability of the SCA1 repeat expansion in 87 kindreds with diverse ethnic backgrounds and dominantly inherited ataxia. All nine families for which linkage to the SCA1 region of 6p had previously been established showed repeat expansion, while 3 of the remaining 78 showed a similar abnormality. For 113 patients from the families with repeat expansion, inverse correlations between CAG repeat size and both age at onset and disease duration were observed. Repeat size accounted for 66% of the variation in age at onset in these patients. After correction for repeat size, interfamilial differences in age at onset remained significant, suggesting that additional genetic factors affect the expression of the SCA1 gene product.
Strong and Broadly Tunable Plasmon Resonances in Thick Films of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (2017)

Low-dimensional plasmonic materials can function as high quality terahertz and infrared antennas at deep subwavelength scales. Despite these antennas' strong coupling to electromagnetic fields, there is a pressing need to further strengthen their absorption. We address this problem by fabricating thick films of aligned, uniformly sized semiconducting carbon nanotubes and showing that their plasmon resonances are strong, narrow, and broadly tunable. With thicknesses ranging from 25 to 250 nm, our films exhibit peak attenuation reaching 70%, ensemble quality factors reaching 9, and electrostatically tunable peak frequencies by a factor of 2.3. Excellent nanotube alignment leads to the attenuation being 99% linearly polarized along the nanotube axis. Increasing the film thickness blueshifts the plasmon resonators down to peak wavelengths as low as 1.4 μm, a new near-infrared regime in which they can both overlap the S<sub>11</sub> nanotube exciton energy and access the technologically important infrared telecom band.
Predicting the Popularity of News Articles (2016)

Consuming news articles is an integral part of our daily lives and news agencies such as The Washington Post (WP) expend tremendous effort in providing high quality reading experiences for their readers. Journalists and editors are faced with the task of determining which articles will become popular so that they can efficiently allocate resources to support a better reading experience. The reasons behind the popularity of news articles are typically varied, and might involve contemporariness, writing quality, and other latent factors. In this paper, we cast the problem of popularity prediction problem as regression, engineer several classes of features (metadata, contextual or content-based, temporal, and social), and build models for forecasting popularity. The system presented here is deployed in a real setting at The Washington Post; we demonstrate that it is able to accurately predict article popularity with an R2 ≈ 0.8 using features harvested within 30 minutes of publication time.
Doping Profiles for Indium Antimonide Magnetoresistors (1997)

Abstract Indium antimonide is of interest for magnetoresistors in position- and speed-sensing applications. These sensors are fabricated as thin-film elements in order to increase the device impedance. The InSb is normally doped n-type to stabilize the electron density and hence the impedance with respect to temperature changes. This involves tradeoffs, since ionized donors also scatter electrons, reducing their mobility and hence reducing the device sensitivity to a magnetic field. Therefore, optimizing the sensitivity of these devices involves optimizing the doping of the InSb. This optimization involves three steps. The InSb is undoped for the first 10–20% of the film, forming a buffer from the latticemismatched substrate. The middle, active, layer of the film has a doping gradient. Finally, a thin contact layer is more heavily doped to reduce parasitic contact resistance.
Call Trace and Memory Access Pattern based Runtime Insider Threat Detection for Big Data Platforms (2016)

Big data platforms such as Hadoop and Spark are being widely adopted both by academia and industry. In this paper, we propose a runtime intrusion detection technique that understands and works according to the properties of such distributed compute platforms. The proposed method is based on runtime analysis of system and library calls and memory access patterns of tasks running on the datanodes (slaves). First, the primary datanode of a big data system creates a behavior profile for every task it executes. A behavior profile includes (a) trace of the system & library calls made, and (b) sequence representing the sizes of private and shared memory accesses made during task execution. Then, the process behavior profile is shared with other replica datanodes that are scheduled to execute the same task on their copy of the same data. Next, these replica datanodes verify their local tasks with the help of the information embedded in the received behavior profiles. This is realized in two steps: (i) comparing the system & library calls metadata, and (ii) statistical matching of the memory access patterns. Finally, datanodes share their observations for consensus and report an intrusion to the namenode (master) if they find any discrepancy. The proposed solution was tested on a small hadoop cluster using the default MapReduce examples and the results show that our approach can detect insider attacks that cannot be detected with the traditional analysis metrics.
Peptide-Based Antibody Detection for Tuberculosis Diagnosis (2008)

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. Despite significant limitations, microscopy remains the cornerstone of the global TB control strategy. As the TB epidemic escalates, new diagnostic methods that are accurate and also economical and simple to manufacture and deploy are urgently needed. Although several promising antigens have been identified and evaluated in recent years, the reproducible production of high-quality recombinant mycobacterial proteins with minimal batch-to-batch variation is difficult, laborious, and expensive. To determine the feasibility of devising a synthetic peptide-based diagnostic test for TB, we have delineated the immunodominant epitopes of three candidate antigens, Ag85B, BfrB, and TrxC, that were previously identified to be immunogenic in TB patients. The results demonstrate that combinations of carefully selected synthetic peptides derived from highly immunogenic proteins can be the basis for devising an immunodiagnostic test for TB.
Imaging complex structures with first‐arrival traveltimes (1995)

PreviousNext No AccessSEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1995Imaging complex structures with first‐arrival traveltimesAuthors: Dimitri BevcDimitri BevcStanford Universityhttps://doi.org/10.1190/1.1887320 SectionsAboutPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InReddit Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1887320FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited by2D/3D Kirchhoff-based wavefield continuationAnthony Barone and Anthony Vassiliou27 August 2018Depth imaging with multiplesOong K. Youn and Hua‐wei Zhou7 February 2012 | GEOPHYSICS, Vol. 66, No. 1Anisotropic finite‐difference traveltimes using a Hamilton‐Jacobi solverJoe Dellinger and William Symes10 February 2005 SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1995ISSN (print):1052-3812 ISSN (online):1949-4645Copyright: 1995 Pages: 1566 publication data© 1995 Copyright © 1995 Society of Exploration GeophysicistsPublisher:Society of Exploration Geophysicists HistoryPublished Online: 10 Feb 2005 CITATION INFORMATION Dimitri Bevc, (1995), "Imaging complex structures with first‐arrival traveltimes," SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts : 1189-1192. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1887320 Plain-Language Summary PDF DownloadLoading ...
Preparation of Polyurethane Microspheres via Dispersion Polycondensation Using Poly(1,4-isoprene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) as Steric Stabilizer (2002)

A novel dispersion polymerization of a diisocyanate and a diol for the preparation of spherical polyurethane particles is reported. An amphiphilic block copolymer, namely, poly(1,4-isoprene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) was used as a steric stabilizer. Monodisperse spherical particles were obtained in the size range from 0.2 to 2.0 μm. The polyurethane particle formation was dependent on the concentration of the steric stabilizer, the block segment molecular weight and the nature of dispersion medium. The polyurethane particles were stabilized by a mechanism involving physical adsorption of the steric stabilizer on the surface of the growing particle.
Multi-homed Fat-Tree Routing with InfiniBand (2014)

For clusters where the topology consists of a fat-tree or more than one fat-tree combined into one subnet, there are several properties that the routing algorithms should support, beyond what exists today. One of the missing properties is that current fat-tree routing algorithm does not guarantee that each port on a multi-homed node is routed through redundant spines, even if these ports are connected to redundant leaves. As a consequence, in case of a spine failure, there is a small window where the node is unreachable until the subnet manager has rerouted to another spine. In this paper, we discuss the need for independent routes for multi-homed nodes in fat-trees by providing real-life examples when a single point of failure leads to complete outage of a multi-port node. We present and implement methods that may be used to alleviate this problem and perform simulations that demonstrate improvements in performance, scalability, availability and predictability of InfiniBand fat-tree topologies. We show that our methods not only increase the performance by up to 52.6%, but also, and more importantly, that there is no downtime associated with spine switch failure.
Investigation of the Active Site of Human Salivary α-Amylase from the Modes of Action on Modified Maltooligosaccharides (1988)

The modes of action of two isozymes of human salivary alpha-amylase on phenyl alpha-maltopentaoside, phenyl alpha-maltotetraoside, and their derivatives which have an iodo or an amino or a carboxyl group at their first or penultimate glucopyranosyl residues from the non-reducing-end were examined. It is conceivable that the active site of this enzyme is composed of tandem subsites (S4,S3,S2,S1,S1',S2', and S3') geometrically complementary to several glucose residues, and that the glucosidic bonds of the substrates are split between S1 and S1'. Product analysis of each digest strongly suggested the presence of a hydrophobic amino acid residue at subsite S3 in the active site of the enzyme. No difference in the modes of action on the substrates was found between the two isozymes, indicating that the three-dimensional structures of their active site areas are, at the least, similar.
Super-Resolution in the Detector Layout Domain (2007)

We present a novel approach to reconstruction based superresolution that explicitly models the detector’s pixel layout. Pixels in our model can vary in shape and size, and there may be gaps between adjacent pixels. Furthermore, their layout can be periodic as well as aperiodic, such as Penrose tiling or a biological retina. We also present a new variant of the well known error back-projection super-resolution algorithm that makes use of the exact detector model in its back projection operator for better accuracy. Our method can be applied equally well to either periodic or aperiodic pixel tiling. Through analysis and extensive testing using synthetic and real images, we show that our approach outperforms existing reconstruction based algorithms for regular pixel arrays. We obtain significantly better results using aperiodic pixel layouts. As an interesting example, we apply our method to a retina-like pixel structure modeled by a centroidal Voronoi tessellation. We demonstrate that, in principle, this structure is better for super-resolution than the regular pixel array used in today’s sensors.
Thermoelectric properties of ZnO doped with the group 13 elements (2002)

Investigations on thermoelectric properties of ZnO doped with the group 13 elements revealed that addition of M/sub 2/O/sub 3/ (M=Al, Ga, In) to ZnO all increased the electrical conductivity significantly, whereas the absolute values of the Seebeck coefficient moderately decreased. The increase in the electrical conductivity was smaller for doping with the heavier element, being in good agreement with a decrease in the carrier mobility. However, the thermal conductivity was also suppressed by Ga and In doping, particularly in the lower temperature region. Even with the smaller power factor values, the figure of merit of (Zn/sub 0.98/M/sub 0.02/)O (M=Ga or In) was equal to that of the Al-doped sample up to ca. 600/spl deg/C, owing to the suppression of the thermal conductivity.
Antiviral <scp>l</scp> -Nucleosides Specific for Hepatitis B Virus Infection (2001)

A unique series of simple "unnatural" nucleosides has been discovered to inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. Through structure-activity analysis it was found that the 3'-OH group of the beta-L-2'-deoxyribose of the beta-L-2'-deoxynucleoside confers specific antihepadnavirus activity. The unsubstituted nucleosides beta-L-2'-deoxycytidine, beta-L-thymidine, and beta-L-2'-deoxyadenosine had the most potent, selective, and specific antiviral activity against HBV replication. Human DNA polymerases (alpha, beta, and gamma) and mitochondrial function were not affected. In the woodchuck model of chronic HBV infection, viral load was reduced by as much as 10(8) genome equivalents/ml of serum and there was no drug-related toxicity. In addition, the decline in woodchuck hepatitis virus surface antigen paralleled the decrease in viral load. These investigational drugs, used alone or in combination, are expected to offer new therapeutic options for patients with chronic HBV infection.
Format of an 8.5-GB double-layer DVD recordable disc (2004)

The format of a 8.5 GB double-layer recordable DVD disc is described. The main physical parameters ans aspects of the logical format are presented.
A novel calcium‐accumulating peptide/gelatin <i>in situ</i> forming hydrogel for enhanced bone regeneration (2017)

Bioactive agents, including proteins and peptides, can be loaded into hydrogels to improve bone regenerative capacity with their controlled release. However, the current loading method has focused on physical mixing, which has limited release control. Therefore, alternative conjugation of bioactive agents with hydrogels is highly recommended. Direct chemical conjugation of synthetic peptides containing a functional moiety with a hydrogel would be ideal. Here, we synthesized a bioactive calcium accumulating peptide (CAP) containing a collagen binding motif, which can induce osteogenic differentiation. A tyrosine residue in CAP was used to directly chemically conjugate the peptide with a gelatin-based enzymatically crosslinked hydroxyphenyl propionic acid hydrogel under H<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> /Horse radish peroxidase conditions. To test the acceleration of bone formation, human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were loaded into a chemically conjugated CAP hydrogel. The CAP hydrogel induced bone mineralization around the PDLSCs and increased osteogenic marker expressions in vitro. It also recovered a bone layer in a calvarial defect 4 weeks postimplantation. In summary, an injectable CAP hydrogel scaffold system was developed as a potentially useful engineered microenvironment to enhance bone restoration, and it could be utilized as a vehicle for bioactive delivery of stem cells in tissue regenerative therapy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 531-542, 2018.
Effective Visual Domain Adaptation via Generative Adversarial Distribution Matching (2020)

In the field of computer vision, without sufficient labeled images, it is challenging to train an accurate model. However, through visual adaptation from source to target domains, a relevant labeled dataset can help solve such problem. Many methods apply adversarial learning to diminish cross-domain distribution difference. They are able to greatly enhance the performance on target classification tasks. Generative adversarial network (GAN) loss is widely used in adversarial adaptation learning methods to reduce an across-domain distribution difference. However, it becomes difficult to decline such distribution difference if generator or discriminator in GAN fails to work as expected and degrades its performance. To solve such cross-domain classification problems, we put forward a novel adaptation framework called generative adversarial distribution matching (GADM). In GADM, we improve the objective function by taking cross-domain discrepancy distance into consideration and further minimize the difference through the competition between a generator and discriminator, thereby greatly decreasing cross-domain distribution difference. Experimental results and comparison with several state-of-the-art methods verify GADM's superiority in image classification across domains.
Potential of Enzymes in Continous Cheesemaking (1975)

The potential of applying enzymes to continuous cheesemaking processes is real despite many problems.
Construction of a practical and inexpensive air stimulator for caloric vestibular testing (1976)

An inexpensive and practical method for delivering air into the aural canal at a selected stable temperature is described. A water-air heat exchanger utilizing the external circulation of a constant-temperature water bath brings the temperature of the air stream to a chosen value. Measurements indicate stable air outflow temperatures are maintained when proper nozzle design and air flow rates are employed. The apparatus is easy to construct and has proven convenient and effective when used in the clinical vestibular laboratory.