gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Bulk-acoustic-wave filters: performance optimization and volume manufacturing (2003)

Performance parameters of BAW devices are reviewed and ranked corresponding to their importance for RF-filters in mobile phone applications. The most important performance parameters - such as resonator bandwidth and Q-values - critically depend on the quality of the piezolayer and other relevant layers in the acoustic stack. The design of the complete layer stack in a Solidly Mounted Resonator (SMR) concept in combination with a proper design of lateral resonator-boundaries will be revealed to be extremely important for the suppression of spurious resonances. Challenges in manufacturing of BAW filters will be briefly reviewed. Examples of state-of-the-art in BAW filters in production and ramp-up status will be presented.
Behavior based record linkage (2010)

In this paper, we present a new record linkage approach that uses entity behavior to decide if potentially different entities are in fact the same. An entity's behavior is extracted from a transaction log that records the actions of this entity with respect to a given data source. The core of our approach is a technique that merges the behavior of two possible matched entities and computes the gain in recognizing behavior patterns as their matching score. The idea is that if we obtain a well recognized behavior after merge, then most likely, the original two behaviors belong to the same entity as the behavior becomes more complete after the merge. We present the necessary algorithms to model entities' behavior and compute a matching score for them. To improve the computational efficiency of our approach, we precede the actual matching phase with a fast candidate generation that uses a "quick and dirty" matching method. Extensive experiments on real data show that our approach can significantly enhance record linkage quality while being practical for large transaction logs.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Sterically Demanding Ruthenium Dithiolate Catalysts for Stereoretentive Olefin Metathesis (2017)

Dithiolate ligands have recently been used in ruthenium-catalyzed olefin metathesis and have provided access to a kinetically E selective pathway through stereoretentive olefin metathesis. The typical dithiolate used is relatively simple with low steric demands imparted on the catalyst. We have developed a synthetic route that allows access to sterically demanding dithiolate ligands. The catalysts generated provided a pathway to study the intricate structure–activity relationships in olefin metathesis. It was found that DFT calculations can predict the ligand arrangement around the ruthenium center with remarkable accuracy. These dithiolate catalysts proved resistant to ligand isomerization and were stable even under forcing conditions. Additionally, catalyst initiation and olefin metathesis studies delivered a better understanding to the interplay between dithiolate ligand structure and catalyst activity and selectivity.
Cone beam artifact reduction in circular computed tomography (2011)

Cone beam artifact is a well known problem in circular computed tomography. The artifact can be removed by applying exact reconstruction, for example with circle and line trajectory. However, an additional scan often is not available for reconstruction, nor it is practical to collect. Then, methods that can accurately reconstruct image volume from circular data only are of particular interest. In this work we propose a new approach that combines elements of exact reconstruction and iterative reconstruction (SART). We apply iterative procedure to estimate missing line data; at each iteration line data becomes more accurate and cone beam artifacts are further reduced. Evaluation with numerical disc phantom and clinical head data shows effectiveness of the proposed approach in cone beam artifact reduction.
Rugged and drapable cholesteric liquid crystal displays (2005)

We developed a novel technology for the fabrication of reflective cholesteric liquid crystal displays coatable on a single substrate using a layer-by-layer approach. Encapsulated cholesteric liquid crystals serving as an electro-optical layer and transparent conducting polymer films serving as electrodes are coated and printed on a variety of unconventional substrates, including ultra-thin plastic, paper, and textile materials to create conformable displays. The displays are capable of offering excellent electro-optical properties of the bulk cholesteric liquid crystals, including full-color, IR capability, bistability, low power, high brightness and contrast, combined with the ruggedness and pressure insensitivity of the liquid crystal droplets embedded in a polymer matrix. Durability of encapsulated cholesteric liquid crystals and single substrate approach allows for display flexing, folding, rolling and draping during image addressing without any image distortion. Our single substrate approach with natural cell-gap control significantly simplifies the fabrication process of the LCDs especially for large area displays. This paper will discuss the development, status, and merits of this novel display technology.
Production of Methyl Ketones from Secondary Alcohols by Cell Suspensions of C <sub>2</sub> to C <sub>4</sub> <i>n</i> -Alkane-Grown Bacteria (1983)

Nineteen new C(2) to C(4)n-alkane-grown cultures were isolated from lake water from Warinanco Park, Linden, N.J., and from lake and soil samples from Bayway Refinery, Linden, N.J. Fifteen known liquid alkane-utilizing cultures were also found to be able to grow on C(2) to C(4)n-alkanes. Cell suspensions of these C(2) to C(4)n-alkane-grown bacteria oxidized 2-alcohols (2-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-pentanol, and 2-hexanol) to their corresponding methyl ketones. The product methyl ketones accumulated extracellularly. Cells grown on 1-propanol or 2-propanol oxidized both primary and secondary alcohols. In addition, the activity for production of methyl ketones from secondary alcohols was found in cells grown on either alkanes, alcohols, or alkylamines, indicating that the enzyme(s) responsible for this reaction is constitutive. The optimum conditions for in vivo methyl ketone formation from secondary alcohols were compared among selected strains: Brevibacterium sp. strain CRL56, Nocardia paraffinica ATCC 21198, and Pseudomonas fluorescens NRRL B-1244. The rates for the oxidation of secondary alcohols were linear for the first 3 h of incubation. Among secondary alcohols, 2-propanol and 2-butanol were oxidized at the highest rate. A pH around 8.0 to 9.0 was found to be the optimum for acetone or 2-butanone formation from 2-alcohols. The temperature optimum for the production of acetone or 2-butanone from 2-propanol or 2-butanol was rather high at 60 degrees C, indicating that the enzyme involved in the reaction is relatively thermally stable. Metal-chelating agents inhibit the production of methyl ketones, suggesting the involvement of a metal(s) in the oxidation of secondary alcohols. Secondary alcohol dehydrogenase activity was found in the cell-free soluble fraction; this activity requires a cofactor, specifically NAD. Propane monooxygenase activity was also found in the cell-free soluble fraction. It is a nonspecific enzyme catalyzing both terminal and subterminal oxidation of n-alkanes.
Towards Quantum-Enabled Flow Cytometry (2018)

We enhance an optical flow cytometer with a photon-number statistics measurement. Our technique allows for an absolute measurement of biomarker concentration and proves sensitivity to a single biomarker (a colloidal quantum dot).
Electrical measurement of sweat activity (2008)

A multichannel logger for long-term measurements of sweat activity is presented. The logger uses skin surface electrodes for unipolar admittance measurements in the stratum corneum. The logger is developed with emphasis on clinical use. The portability of the logger enables recording of sweat activity under circumstances such as daily errands, exercise and sleep. Measurements have been done on 24 healthy volunteers during relaxation and exercise with heart rate monitoring. Recordings of sweat activity during sleep have been done on two healthy subjects. Early results show good agreement with the literature on sweating physiology and electrodermal activity. Results are presented showing measurements related to physical exercise, dermatomes, distribution of sweat glands and sympathetic activity. This study examines the normal sweating patterns for the healthy population, and we present results with the first 24 healthy volunteers. Comparing these results with similar measurements on hyperhidrosis patients will make it possible to find the most useful parameters for diagnosis and treatment evaluation.
High-Isolation Common-Aperture Antenna System Based on Spatial Power Divider for Use in E-Band Fully Polarimetric Radar (2020)

A two-port antenna system is proposed that uses a polarization-independent spatial power divider to align the beams from two orthogonally oriented dual-polarized feeds. This antenna system is compatible with fully polarimetric radar and provides high port isolation. It simultaneously provides a common aperture for transmit and receive to minimize radar parallax. The spatial power divider is designed using a combination of all-dielectric metamaterial techniques and the concept of miniaturized-element frequency selective surfaces, and is fabricated on a silicon wafer using standard microfabrication technology. The measured device exhibits at most 0.9 dB of difference between reflection and transmission for both TE and TM incident waves at 45-degree incidence, over a band from 76 GHz to 84 GHz.
Classification of Occluded Objects Using Fast Recurrent Processing (2015)

Recurrent neural networks are powerful tools for handling incomplete data problems in computer vision, thanks to their significant generative capabilities. However, the computational demand for these algorithms is too high to work in real time, without specialized hardware or software solutions. In this paper, we propose a framework for augmenting recurrent processing capabilities into a feedforward network without sacrificing much from computational efficiency. We assume a mixture model and generate samples of the last hidden layer according to the class decisions of the output layer, modify the hidden layer activity using the samples, and propagate to lower layers. For visual occlusion problem, the iterative procedure emulates feedforward-feedback loop, filling-in the missing hidden layer activity with meaningful representations. The proposed algorithm is tested on a widely used dataset and shown to achieve 2× improvement in classification accuracy for occluded objects. When compared to Restricted Boltzmann Machines, our algorithm shows superior performance for occluded object classification.
Functional Characterization and Metal Ion Specificity of the Metal-Citrate Complex Transporter from <i>Streptomyces coelicolor</i> (2008)

Secondary transporters of citrate in complex with metal ions belong to the bacterial CitMHS family, about which little is known. The transport of metal-citrate complexes in Streptomyces coelicolor has been investigated. The best cofactor for citrate uptake in Streptomyces coelicolor is Fe(3+), but uptake was also noted for Ca(2+), Pb(2+), Ba(2+), and Mn(2+). Uptake was not observed with the Mg(2+), Ni(2+), or Co(2+) cofactor. The transportation of iron- and calcium-citrate makes these systems unique among the CitMHS family members reported to date. No complementary uptake akin to that observed for the CitH (Ca(2+), Ba(2+), Sr(2+)) and CitM (Mg(2+), Ni(2+), Mn(2+), Co(2+), Zn(2+)) systems of Bacillus subtilis was noted. Competitive experiments using EGTA confirmed that metal-citrate complex formation promoted citrate uptake. Uptake of free citrate was not observed. The open reading frame postulated as being responsible for the metal-citrate transport observed in Streptomyces coelicolor was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli strains with the primary Fe(3+)-citrate transport system (fecABCDE) removed. Functional expression was successful, with uptake of Ca(2+)-citrate, Fe(3+)-citrate, and Pb(2+)-citrate observed. No free-citrate transport was observed in IPTG (isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside)-induced or -uninduced E. coli. Metabolism of the Fe(3+)-citrate and Ca(2+)-citrate complexes, but not the Pb(2+)-citrate complex, was observed. Rationalization is based on the difference in metal-complex coordination upon binding of the metal by citrate.
PL DLLA Calcium Phosphate Composite Combined with Macroporous Calcium Phosphate Cement MCPC® for New Surgical Technologies Combining Resorbable Osteosynthesis and Injectable Bone Substitute (2007)

Resorbable osteosynthesis based on PLLA and derivatives will be associated to bone substitute for bone reconstruction. We have performed rand evaluated a composite combining PL DLLA and Biphasic calcium phosphate able to have a), a better controlled hydrolysis in the purpose to preserve on time the mechanical property, and b), for long term efficiency, bone ingrowth at the expense of the osteosynthesis and the associated bone substitute. A new calcium phosphate cement MCPC® was tested with such composite. The novel macroporous calcium phosphate cement MCPC sets to poorly crystalline apatite after mixing the powder component and an aqueous solution. Interconnective macroporosity was induced on time by resorption of one part of the MCPC®. The multiphasic calcium phosphate components in the cement, are resorbed at different rates allowing the replacement by newly formed bone. This study reports the biocompatibility and the interactions of a composite using PL DLLA (Poly [L-Lactide-co-D,L-Lactide] acid) charged with biphasic calcium phosphate granules and a self setting calcium phosphate cement of new generation.
Hierarchical Learning of Curves Application to Guidewire Localization in Fluoroscopy (2007)

In this paper we present a method for learning a curve model for detection and segmentation by closely integrating a hierarchical curve representation using generative and discriminative models with a hierarchical inference algorithm. We apply this method to the problem of automatic localization of the guidewire in fluoroscopic sequences. In fluoroscopic sequences, the guidewire appears as a hardly visible, non-rigid one-dimensional curve. Our paper has three main contributions. Firstly, we present a novel method to learn the complex shape and appearance of a free-form curve using a hierarchical model of curves of increasing degrees of complexity and a database of manual annotations. Secondly, we present a novel computational paradigm in the context of Marginal Space Learning, in which the algorithm is closely integrated with the hierarchical representation to obtain fast parameter inference. Thirdly, to our knowledge this is the first full system which robustly localizes the whole guidewire and has extensive validation on hundreds of frames. We present very good quantitative and qualitative results on real fluoroscopic video sequences, obtained in just one second per frame.
Electrochemical Production of High-Concentration Ozone-Water Using Freestanding Perforated Diamond Electrodes (2007)

High-concentration ozone-water can be directly produced with a zero-gap electrolytic cell containing a freestanding perforated boron-doped diamond electrode. For the sake of improving current efficiency for electrochemical ozone-water production, optimization of the electrode configuration was performed. It was proven that the number of holes, hole size, and electrode thickness affect current efficiency. In particular, increasing the number of holes per unit area was the most effective method for improving current efficiency. In regard to hole size, diameter was more appropriate than diameter. Electrode thickness affected the current efficiency, and maximum values were found to be around . Based on these results, an electrode optimal for electrochemical ozone-water production was prepared and achieved a maximum current efficiency of 47% in moderate conditions thus far.
Comparison of Low-Density Parity-Check Codes in ATSC 3.0 and 5G Standards (2018)

Recently, low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have been adopted in Advanced Television Systems Committee 3.0 and 3rd Generation Partnership Project 5G standards. In this paper, we present their structures in detail. They are delicately designed, based on the structures of quasi-cyclic LDPC codes and multi-edge type LDPC codes. The differences in their base matrices and parity-check matrices used in both standards are highlighted from the viewpoint of the distinction between broadcasting and cellular communication systems. Numerical results show that they are very competitive in their respective areas.
Hybrid Nanoimprint−Soft Lithography with Sub-15 nm Resolution (2009)

We developed a hybrid nanoimprint-soft lithography technique with sub-15 nm resolution. It is capable of patterning both flat and curved substrates. The key component of the technology is the mold, which consists of rigid features on an elastic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) support. The mold was fabricated by imprinting a reverse image onto the PDMS substrate using a UV-curable low-viscosity prepolymer film. Patterns with sub-15-nm resolution were faithfully duplicated on a flat substrate without applying external pressure. Gratings at 200 nm pitch were also successfully imprinted onto the cylindrical surface of a single mode optical fiber with a 125 microm diameter.
A Wideband Substrate Integrated Waveguide-Fed Open Slot Antenna (2019)

In this article, we introduce a new structure of an open slot antenna excited by a substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) feed to obtain a wide bandwidth of about 60%. Different from conventional slot antennas, two short sides of the slot are open which do not connect to any metal. To excite the open slot, an SIW section is used as the feed. In this way, the antenna is constructed on a single laminate which includes the feeding structure and the radiator. The open slot structure serves as a single-mode resonator with a low Q-factor and, thus, contributes a much wider bandwidth than that of conventional slot antennas and simultaneously maintains stable radiation performance. Intensive parametric studies were implemented to provide a design guideline. To verify our design, antenna prototypes were fabricated and measured. The measured results validate that the antenna achieves a wide impedance bandwidth of 59.3% from 50.8 to 93.6 GHz. Meanwhile, the radiation patterns keep stable over the entire operating frequency band. This new type of slot antenna with wide bandwidth and planar structure is a good candidate for mmW applications.
Generation and validation of empirically-derived tcp application workloads (2006)

This dissertation proposes and evaluates a new approach for generating realistic traffic in networking experiments. The main problem solved by our approach is generating closed-loop traffic consistent with the behavior of the entire set of applications in modern traffic mixes. Unlike earlier approaches, which described individual applications in terms of the specific semantics of each application, we describe the source behavior driving each connection in a generic manner using the a-b-t model. This model provides an intuitive but detailed way of describing source behavior in terms of connection vectors that capture the sizes and ordering of application data units, the quiet times between them, and whether data exchange is sequential or concurrent. This is consistent with the view of traffic from TCP, which does not concern itself with application semantics. 
The a-b-t model also satisfies a crucial property: given a packet header trace collected from an arbitrary Internet link, we can algorithmically infer the source-level behavior driving each connection, and cast it into the notation of the model. The result of packet header processing is a collection of a-b-t connection vectors, which can then be replayed in software simulators and testbed experiments to drive network stacks. Such a replay generates synthetic traffic that fully preserves the feedback loop between the TCP endpoints and the state of the network, which is essential in experiments where network congestion can occur. By construction, this type of traffic generation is fully reproducible, providing a solid foundation for comparative empirical studies. 
Our experimental work demonstrates the high quality of the generated traffic, by directly comparing traces from real Internet links and their source-level trace replays for a rich set of metrics. Such comparison requires the careful measurement of network parameters for each connection, and their reproduction together with the corresponding source behavior. Our final contribution consists of two resampling methods for introducing controlled variability in network experiments and for generating closed-loop traffic that accurately matches a target offered load.
Fast method for calculating a curved hologram in a holographic display (2020)

A curved hologram can increase the view angle in a holographic display. The huge data processing and curved computer-generated hologram (CCGH) computation time is still a challenge for real-time display. Here, we propose two fast methods to accelerate the computation. The first one is a diffraction compensation (DC) method where the diffraction calculation is from the wave-front recording plane (WRP) to a CCGH. The other is an approximate compensation (AC) method that adds a phase difference distribution to the WRP to obtain the CCGH. Numerical simulations and optical experiments are performed, which demonstrate that the two methods are feasible and the computation time is dramatically reduced. The AC method can further reduce time significantly compared with the DC method. And the image quality for proposed methods is similar. It is expected that these fast methods can be combined with curved display screen and flexible display materials in the future.
One-Pot Synthesis of 5-Methyl-3H-pyrrolo[2,3-<i>d</i>]pyrimidin-4(7H)-one (2006)

An efficient and environmentally benign synthesis of 5-methyl-3H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(7H)-one is described. An acyl-protected aminoacetone is reacted with cyanoacetamide to give 2-amino-4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamide, which is converted in one-pot to 5-methyl-3H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(7H)-one in 60% overall yield. This process avoids the use of large excess Raney nickel which is required when known methods are practiced.
New identification system for individual wafer management (2002)

A conventional identification (ID) has many illegible parts; ID recognition is difficult in approximately 20% of all processes. In contrast, new IDs in the V-shaped notch were clearly recognized up to the final process. The results can be explained in terms of marking dot topography and choice of the marking location. First, for marking the beveled part in a V-shaped notch on a wafer, known as finer marking, the influence of any semiconductor processes in which a conventional ID on the surface has only limited readability is kept to a minimum. Second, a marking dot formed by conventional laser marking has a central depression due to the process of general heat distribution. In contrast, a marking dot formed by finer marking has a central peak protruding from the surface, which is more easily distinguished than a dot which has a central depression. A difference in contrast has a great influence on readability for identification in semiconductor processes.