gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Transcription of BRCA1 Is Dependent on the Formation of a Specific Protein-DNA Complex on the Minimal BRCA1 Bi-directional Promoter (1999)

BRCA1 is the first tumor suppressor gene linked to hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. Its involvement in sporadic breast cancer, however, remains unclear. Recent studies showed that a loss or lowered expression of BRCA1 is not uncommon in nonfamilial breast cancers. In addition, there have been cases of inherited BRCA1-linked breast cancer with as yet unidentified mutation. Misregulation of BRCA1 at the transcription level is a possible mechanism for loss of BRCA1 expression. To understand transcriptional regulation of the BRCA1 gene, we cloned and examined the BRCA1 promoter, by both functional reporter gene analyses and protein-DNA complex formation electrophorectic mobility shift assays. A bi-directional promoter could be located within a 229-base pair (bp) intergenic region between BRCA1 and its neighboring gene, NBR2. Deletion analyses further delineated a minimal 56-bp EcoRI-HaeIII fragment, which could drive transcription in the NBR2 gene direction 2-4-fold higher than in the BRCA1 direction in all cell lines tested. Furthermore, transcriptional activity in the BRCA1 direction was undetectable in the muscle cell line C2C12, whereas activity in the NBR2 direction was maintained. These results were consistent with the expression pattern of the respective genes. A specific protein-DNA complex was detected when nuclear extracts from HeLa cells and Caco2, a colon cell line, were incubated with the 56-bp minimal promoter. This protein binding activity was further localized to an 18-bp fragment and might involve a tissue-specific factor, because binding was not detected in the C2C12 cell line. The correlation of the detection of this protein-DNA complex only in those cell lines that expressed the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene in the BRCA1 direction suggests a significant positive role of this complex in the transcription of the BRCA1 gene.
The effect of a self‐assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold (peptide) when used as a wound dressing for the treatment of deep second degree burns in rats (2008)

RADARADARADARADA (RADA16-I) peptide, consisting of 16 alternating hydrophobic and hydrophilic (also alternating negative and positive charges) amino acids, forms extremely stable beta-pleated sheet structure and then self-assembles into nanofibers to produce high-order interwoven nanofiber scaffold hydrogel. To investigate its therapeutic effects, a burn model of partial thickness-deep dermal injury (the deep second degree burns) was performed at the dorsal skin of female Sprague-Dawley rats with an electrical scalding machine. The wounds treated with either RADA16-I or control materials were carefully examined at morphological, histological and cellular levels. We found that RADA16-I can advance the time of eschar appearance and the time of eschar disappearance both by 3-5 days, and speed up wound contraction by 20-30% compared with contrast groups (chitosan, poly(DL)-lactic acid (PDLA), collagen I and the blank) without obvious edema. Immunohistochemical studies showed that both FGF and EGF were obviously expressed in nascent tissue such as epidermis and glands when wounds were treated with the RADA16-I after injury. When peptide stock solution was diluted from 10 to 0.17 mg/mL, atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation showed that the shape of peptide nanofibers changed from the globular-pieces-clustered filaments with 4.8 +/- 0.38 nm in height, 61.6 +/- 6.10 nm in width and 708 +/- 80.2 nm in length, to general filaments with 1.4 +/- 0.36 nm, 17.5 +/- 1.13 nm and 1108 +/- 184 nm. The nanofiber surface porosity gradually decreased from 49-70% to 12-28%. These characteristics contribute to wound healing by offering an "ideal dressing" moist healing microenvironment and a nanofiber 3D scaffold. These results suggest that the self-assembling peptide might be a promising wound dressing with being simple, effective, and affordable.
The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant melanoma (1998)

Malignant Melanoma is recognised by several radiotherapists to be radioresistant. Many radiobiological data and well-known differences in the morphology of melanoma suggest that this claim may be false. The data obtained are presented in the paper in a historical overview. Principles of the radiotherapy of melanoma are discussed. The results of palliative irradiation of 27 patients, treated at the GreatPoland Cancer Center in the years 1985–1989 are discussed.
Properties of novel glasses for the optimization of Pr-doped fluoride fiber amplifiers (1994)

A fluorozirconate-derivative glass has been identified having superior optical properties for the purpose of fabricating high NA, low loss fiber used in the Pr<SUP>3+</SUP>-doped fiber amplifier. In the most promising glass, the AlF<SUB>3</SUB> in traditional ZBLAN has been replaced with YF<SUB>3</SUB> and InF<SUB>3</SUB>, and NaF has been partially replaced with CsF for improved stability. The <SUP>1</SUP>G<SUB>4</SUB> lifetime of Pr<SUP>3+</SUP> in this new glass is almost 25% longer than in ZBLAN. The properties of partially chlorinated glasses are also presented.
3D Head Reconstruction Using Multi-camera Stream (2009)

Given information from many cameras, one can hope to get a complete 3D representation of an object. Pintavirooj and Sangworasil exploit this idea and present a system that records sequentially images from multiple view points to reconstruct a 3D shape of a static object of interest [1]. For instance, using a 60 angle of view on the image, they manage to get its accurate 3D reconstruction [1]. Unfortunately, when considering application such as video surveillance, it is not reasonable to expect that 60 cameras will give simultaneous images of a person of interest. However, we can expect that the person will move over time and show sequentially different poses of her/his head to at least one or a few cameras. This article proposes a technique for recovering an accurate 3D shape by combining views recorded at different times.
SPR and SPR Imaging: Recent Trends in Developing Nanodevices for Detection and Real-Time Monitoring of Biomolecular Events (2016)

In this paper we review the underlying principles of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique, particularly emphasizing its advantages along with its limitations regarding the ability to discriminate between the specific binding response and the interfering effects from biological samples. While SPR sensors were developed almost three decades, SPR detection is not yet able to reduce the time-consuming steps of the analysis, and is hardly amenable for miniaturized, portable platforms required in point-of-care (POC) testing. Recent advances in near-field optics have emerged, resulting in the development of SPR imaging (SPRi) as a powerful optical, label-free monitoring tool for multiplexed detection and monitoring of biomolecular events. The microarrays design of the SPRi chips incorporating various metallic nanostructures make these optofluidic devices more suitable for diagnosis and near-patient testing than the traditional SPR sensors. The latest developments indicate SPRi detection as being the most promising surface plasmon-based technique fulfilling the demands for implementation in lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technologies.
Computer Security: A Machine Learning Approach (2008)

In this thesis, we present the application of machine learning to computer \nsecurity, particularly to intrusion detection. We analyse two learning \nalgorithms (NBTree and VFI) for the task of detecting intrusions and compare \ntheir relative performances. We then comment on the suitability of the NBTree \nalgorithm for the intrusion detection task based on its high accuracy and high \nrecall. We finally state the usefulness of machine learning to the field of \ncomputer security and also comment on the security of machine learning itself.\n
Elevated Tear Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 Levels in Patients With Conjunctivochalasis (2009)

Inflammation may have a role in the pathogenesis of CCh. The clinical severity of CCh parallels the increased tear IL levels. Markers for inflammation are more pronounced in the advanced stages of this disease.
An absorptiometry method for the determination of arterial blood concentration of injected iodinated contrast agent (1992)

A single photon absorptiometry method to measure the arterial concentration of injected iodinated contrast agent was developed. A prototype absorptiometry unit was built which consists of either a square or circular cross section acrylic (polymethylmethacrylate) cuvette connected to an arterial catheter at one end and a paristaltic pump at the other via PE60 surgical tubing. At opposing ends of the length of the cuvette were a 0.4 GBq 125I source and a scintillation crystal/photomultiplier tube assembly. This assembly was connected to a single-channel analyser (SCA)/scaler unit to count the transmitted photons through the cuvette. The scaler was interfaced to an IBM PC and counts accumulated in preset time intervals were transmitted to the computer via a serial interface. Experiments were performed to calibrate the unit for measurement of blood concentration of contrast agent (Isovue 300) and to determine the dispersion characteristics of the unit. Deconvolution was used to correct the measured concentration waveform for the dispersion introduced by passage through the lead-in tubing and the cuvette. The precision of concentration measurements was determined to be between 5 and 10% using computer simulations and theoretical calculations. The method was used successfully in a number of patient and animal studies to measure the contrast concentration in blood following intravenous injection of contrast agent.
Vinyl sulfone: a versatile function for simple bioconjugation and immobilization (2009)

The easy functionalization of tags and solid supports with the vinyl sulfone function is a valuable tool in omic sciences that allows their coupling with the amine and thiol groups present in the proteogenic residues of proteins, in mild and green conditions compatible with their biological function.
Application of Information Retrieval Technologies to Presentation Slides (2006)

Presentations are becoming an increasingly more common means of communication in working environments, and slides are often the necessary supporting material on which the presentations rely. In this paper, we describe a slide indexing and retrieval system in which the slides are captured as images (through a framegrabber) at the moment they are displayed during a presentation and then transcribed with an optical character recognition (OCR) system. In this context, we show that such an approach presents several advantages over the use of commercial software (API based) to obtain the slide transcriptions. We report a set of retrieval experiments conducted on a database of 26 real presentations (570 slides) collected at a workshop. The experiments show that the overall retrieval performance is close to that obtained using either a manual transcription of the slides or the API software. Moreover, the experiments show that the OCR-based approach outperforms significantly the API in extracting the text embedded in images and figures
Pilot-Symbol Assisted and Code-Aided Phase Error Estimation for High-Order QAM Transmission (2013)

In this paper, we present a novel phase error estimation scheme for low-density parity-check (LDPC) coded high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) transmission systems, and we provide a theoretical analysis of its performance. The scheme uses known pilot symbols which are assumed to be placed at equally spaced positions, and phase errors occurred at these pilot symbol positions are first estimated. They are then interpolated over the other positions by using a Wiener filter (WF), and estimation accuracy is next refined by using an LDPC code-aided phase-locked loop (PLL). We present an efficient implementation of this two-stage, Pilot-Symbol-Assisted and Code-Aided (PSA/CA) scheme and evaluate its performance by means of power spectrum analysis. We determine the mean square error at each step of the PSA/CA scheme, and we find an optimal value of the noise equivalent loop bandwidth of the PLL under the assumption that local oscillator phase noise can be modeled as a single-pole single-zero model. We show through simulations that the PSA/CA scheme has a very high phase noise tolerance comparable to that of state-of-the-art phase estimation schemes and provides a computationally efficient alternative.
Atlas-guided probabilistic diffusion-tensor fiber tractography (2008)

We demonstrate the use of a diffusion tensor atlas to perform probabilistic tractography in diffusion tensor data. The tensors from eleven subjects are normalized into a common space by optimizing the similarity between tensors explicitly. The distribution of tensor orientations in the atlas space forms a prior distribution for the fiber orientation that is defined by the local anatomy, in contrast to previous curvature priors that restrict the local curvature of all tracts equally. We demonstrate the method in a single subject and compare tracking with a uniform prior, with a curvature prior, and with the atlas prior. The atlas information allows us to track further along the fornix and cingulum than the other priors.
Review of Impacts of Leadership Competence of Project Managers on Construction Project Success (2018)

Leadership - Human endeavors play an important role in all areas of socio-economic development for any country in the world. Construction investment projects need more leadership role by their own characteristics. This research aims to give an overview of the theories of project manager leadership competence, the viewpoints of evaluation of the project's success, and the views on the influence of leadership competences and the success of the project. Research on the use of reliable secondary document sources in the world is synthesized from research works, scientific reports in the field of project management. The results of this study show that there is a great deal of research literature on project manager leadership competence and the success of the project in general but not many research papers on construction projects. This research is intended to suggest further studies to determine the specific influences, from that the training direction will increase the project management competence in the field of construction.
The role of the gene 71 product in the life cycle of equine herpesvirus 1 (1996)

Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) gene 71 encodes a heavily O-glycosylated 192 kDa protein with no identified herpesvirus homologue. Isolation of a deletion mutant in gene 71 (ED71) demonstrated that its protein product is not essential in vitro. To investigate the role of the gene 71 protein in the virus life cycle, ED71 has been characterized in vitro in terms of cellular adsorption, penetration, egress and transmission compared to wild-type and revertant virus. ED71 virions adsorbed to cells less efficiently than wild-type and revertant virus with a consequential effect on virus penetration; virus egress was significantly impaired and the timing of release was also delayed. The percentage of both full and empty capsids accumulating in the nuclei of ED71-infected cells was significantly higher than in wild-type virus-infected cells but the most notable differences were the low number of particles and the low ratio of enveloped to unenveloped capsids in the cytoplasm. The primary mode of transmission of the mutant virus is by direct cell-to-cell spread and the fact that a neutralizing antiserum did not reduce ED71 plaque size, supported the conclusion that deletion of gene 71 impairs the ability of virus to spread via release and readsorption to uninfected cells. Thus, deletion of EHV-1 gene 71 results in a defect in virus maturation and capsid envelopment. Progeny virus is consequently impaired in adsorption/penetration presumably due to the particles lacking the glycoprotein spikes predicted to be encoded by this gene and hence spreads by direct cell-to-cell contact.
G2019S-LRRK2 Expression Augments  -Synuclein Sequestration into Inclusions in Neurons (2016)

α-Synuclein inclusions are found in the brains of patients with many different neurodegenerative diseases. Point mutation, duplication, or triplication of the α-synuclein gene can all cause Parkinson's disease (PD). The G2019S mutation in LRRK2 is the most common known genetic cause of PD. The interaction between G2019S-LRRK2 and α-synuclein may uncover new mechanisms and targets for neuroprotection. Here, we show that expression of G2019S-LRRK2 increases α-synuclein mobility and enhances aggregation of α-synuclein in primary cultured neurons and in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, a susceptible brain region in PD. Potent LRRK2 kinase inhibitors, which are being developed for clinical use, block the increased α-synuclein aggregation in G2019S-LRRK2-expressing neurons. These results demonstrate that α-synuclein inclusion formation in neurons can be blocked and that novel therapeutic compounds targeting this process by inhibiting LRRK2 kinase activity may slow progression of PD-associated pathology.
Analysis of dead-time effects in multi-phase voltage source inverters (2012)

Inverter dead-time effects have been investigated in past for three-phase voltage source inverters. Also, there have been some studies about multi-phase (more than three phase) inverters with reference to multiphase drives. Recently, a great deal of research has concentrated on PWM methods suitable for multi-phase VSIs. All PWM methods theoretically produce sinusoidal output voltages without low-order harmonics. This paper analyzes the dead-time effects on output variables of voltages source inverters if no any compensation technique is applied. In particular, an overview of three-phase inverters is considered first. Then, a generalized extension to multi- phase inverters is proposed and investigated in details. Theoretical analysis has shown that particular low-order harmonics appear as result of dead-times, and simulation results confirm the proposed analytical approach. (6 pages)
Identification of Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 Serine/Threonine Phosphorylation Sites Using Mass Spectrometry Analysis: Regulatory Role of Serine 1223 (2005)

Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), an intracellular substrate of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, also is heavily phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues, and several serine phosphorylation sites alter the function of IRS-1. Because of the large number of serine/threonine residues, position-by-position analysis of these potential phosphorylation sites by mutagenesis is difficult. To circumvent this, we have employed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight and HPLC-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry techniques to scan for serine and threonine residues that are phosphorylated in full-length human IRS-1 ectopically expressed in cells using an adenoviral vector. This approach revealed 12 phosphorylation sites on serine or threonine residues, 10 of which were novel sites. Seven of these sites were in proline-directed motifs, whereas five were in arginine-directed sites. Sequence inspection suggested that phosphorylation of Ser1223 might alter the interaction of IRS-1 with the protein tyrosine phosphatase Src homology domain 2 (SH2)-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP-2). Mutation of Ser1223 to alanine to prevent phosphorylation resulted in increased association of SHP-2 with IRS-1, decreased insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 in CHO/IR cells, and decreased insulin-stimulated association of the p85 regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase with IRS-1. This mutation had no effect on association of IRS-1 with the insulin receptor. Sequence analysis showed the Ser1223 region to be widely conserved evolutionarily. These data suggest that phosphorylation of Ser1223 dampens association of IRS-1 with SHP-2, thereby increasing net insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation.
Laser action in very white paint (1997)

Nowadays lasers are well known to everyone. They are used in industry and in hospitals, in supermarket bar code scanners, compact disc players and laser light shows. The difference between light from a laser and that from a normal electric light bulb is well known to physicists. Laser light has a well defined colour and direction, whereas light bulbs emit radiation with a range of colours and directions.
Anionic Poly(ε-caprolactam):  Relationships among Conditions of Synthesis, Chain Regularity, Reticular Order, and Polymorphism (1999)

Anionic poly(ε-caprolactam), isothermally synthesized at temperatures between 155 and 195 °C by very fast carbamoyl-type activators, has been characterized by UV, DSC, and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) techniques in terms of high polymer yield, irregular structures along the chain, extent of cross-linking, Tg and Tm values, degree of crystallinity, and polymorphism. The specific role of four different activators on the above properties has been compared. From the whole set of characterization data it is evident that cyclohexylcarbamoylcaprolactam behaves as the most suitable activator and provides poly(ε-caprolactam) with properties that favorably match those of the corresponding hydrolytic polyamide.
A Mentoring Process to Support Teachers’ Growth and Retention (2007)

As educational consultants one of the pressing needs that we find administrators often recognize is theneed for mentoring new and veteran teachers. Despite their concerns mentoring is often not part of theschool system or it is executed in a haphazard manner. For example, when principals are asked todescribe the current teacher mentoring system they often report that they just assign new teachers withveteran teachers who are willing to take on an additional responsibility. This suggests there is a lack ofattention given to the importance of the quality relationship that must be established between mentorteacher and new teacher protégé. Most importantly, there appears to be a lack of attention given to theprocess for supporting and mentoring new teachers.
Highly optimized CO<sub>2</sub> capture by inexpensive nanoporous covalent organic polymers and their amine composites (2015)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) storage and utilization requires effective capture strategies that limit energy penalties. Polyethylenimine (PEI)-impregnated covalent organic polymers (COPs) with a high CO2 adsorption capacity are successfully prepared in this study. A low cost COP with a high specific surface area is suitable for PEI loading to achieve high CO2 adsorption, and the optimal PEI loading is 36 wt%. Though the adsorbed amount of CO2 on amine impregnated COPs slightly decreased with increasing adsorption temperature, CO2/N2 selectivity is significantly improved at higher temperatures. The adsorption of CO2 on the sorbent is very fast, and a sorption equilibrium (10% wt) was achieved within 5 min at 313 K under the flow of simulated flue gas streams. The CO2 capture efficiency of this sorbent is not affected under repetitive adsorption-desorption cycles. The highest CO2 capture capacity of 75 mg g(-1) at 0.15 bar is achieved under dry CO2 capture however it is enhanced to 100 mg g(-1) in the mixed gas flow containing humid 15% CO2. Sorbents were found to be thermally stable up to at least 200 °C. TGA and FTIR studies confirmed the loading of PEIs on COPs. This sorbent with high and fast CO2 sorption exhibits a very promising application in direct CO2 capture from flue gas.