gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Room-Temperature Engineering of All-Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrsytals with Different Dimensionalities (2017)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXTRoom-Temperature Engineering of All-Inorganic Perovskite Nanocrsytals with Different DimensionalitiesHaoze Yang†#, Yuhai Zhang†#, Jun Pan†‡, Jun Yin†, Osman M. Bakr*†‡, and Omar F. Mohammed*†View Author Information† KAUST Solar Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia‡ KAUST Catalysis Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia*O.M.B., email: [email protected]*O.F.M., email: [email protected]Cite this: Chem. Mater. 2017, 29, 21, 8978–8982Publication Date (Web):October 25, 2017Publication History Received2 October 2017Revised24 October 2017Published online31 October 2017Published inissue 14 November 2017https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b04161https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b04161rapid-communicationACS PublicationsCopyright © 2017 American Chemical SocietyRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views5805Altmetric-Citations181LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information SUBJECTS:Binding energy,Excitons,Ligands,Nanocrystals,Perovskites Get e-Alerts
Complex relationships between species niches and environmental heterogeneity affect species co-occurrence patterns in modelled and real communities (2015)

Species co-occurrence analysis is commonly used to assess how interspecific interactions dictate community assembly. Non-random co-occurrences, however, may also emerge from niche differences as well as environmental heterogeneity. The relationships between species co-occurrence patterns, environmental heterogeneity and species niches are not fully understood, due to complex interactions among them. To analyse the relationships among these patterns and processes, I developed synthetic community models and analysed a large dataset of tree species across the conterminous United States. Niche overlap and environmental heterogeneity had significant and contrasting effects on species co-occurrence patterns, in both modelled and real communities. Niche breadth, in turn, affected the effect sizes of both variables on species co-occurrence patterns. The effect of niche breadth on the relationship between co-occurrence and niche overlap was markedly consistent between modelled and real communities, while its effect on the relationship between co-occurrence and environmental heterogeneity was mostly consistent between real and modelled data. The results of this analysis highlight the complex and interactive effects of species niche overlap, niche breadth and environmental heterogeneity on species co-occurrence patterns. Therefore, inferring ecological processes from co-occurrence patterns without accounting for these fundamental characteristics of species and environments may lead to biased conclusions.
Path navigation for mobile robot in a road roundabout setting (2012)

The aim of this research is to develop a robust navigation system for mobile robot in a roadroundabout setting based on a simulated data via a virtual laser range finder (LRF) and vision system. A novelalgorithm that combines with the modeled LRF and vision system was proposed to detect the open space area of a road roundabout. To assess the capability of mobile robot in the tracking of the pre-planned path in aroundabout setting, a simulation study for the navigation of a mobile robot system based on the developedalgorithm was performed using MATLAB computational platform. In this simulation, a grid map of a roadroundabout environment was created and was subsequently used in the selection of most optimum travelling path, considering the respective road traffic rules. The effectiveness of the navigation system was evaluatedtaking into account obstacles in the mobile robot’s working environment. From the simulation results, it isverified that the performance of the proposed algorithm is excellent and that the mobile robot is able to track the best path from the selected start position to the goal point even in the presence of the obstacles
A low-voltage push-pull SPDT RF MEMS switch operated by combination of electromagnetic actuation and electrostatic hold (2005)

In this paper, we have proposed and fabricated a new push-pull type SPDT switch implemented in a single structure with torsion bars actuated by the combination of electromagnetic and electrostatic forces for low power and low voltage operation. The proposed switch is actuated by using large electromagnetic force at low voltage to change its state and is held to maintain its state by electrostatic force to reduce static power consumption. From the prototype, actuation voltage is measured as 4.3V and required energy is below 15.4/spl mu/J per each switching. Also, we have successfully carried out a lifetime test over more than 166 million cycles without significant degradation of switch characteristics.
Airways Inflammation in Nocturnal Asthma (1991)

Nocturnal asthma is a frequent problem, but the mechanism is unclear. We investigated the possibility that airways inflammation occurred during the night. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was analyzed in asthmatic patients with (n = 7) and without nocturnal asthma (n = 7) at 1600 and 0400 h. The nocturnal asthma group had an increase in the total leukocyte count (24.0 +/- 7.0 to 41.1 +/- 9.9 x 10(4) cells/ml, p less than 0.05), neutrophils (1.1 +/- 0.6 to 3.7 +/- 1.5 x 10(4) cells/ml, p less than 0.05), and eosinophils (0.5 +/- 0.1 to 1.7 +/- 0.7 x 10(4) cells/ml, p less than 0.05) from 1600 to 0400 h. Cellular components for the non-nocturnal asthma group did not change. Between groups, the 1600-h cells were similar. At 0400 h the nocturnal asthma group had significantly higher total leukocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, lymphocyte, and epithelial cell counts. For all subjects, the overnight fall in peak expiratory flow rates was correlated to the change in neutrophils (r = 0.54, p less than 0.05) and eosinophils (r = 0.77, p less than 0.05). We conclude that the nocturnal worsening of asthma has an associated cellular inflammatory response that is not seen in patients without overnight decrements in lung function. This inflammatory response together with epithelial damage may be important factors in the etiology of nocturnal asthma.
Bis(phosphine Imide)s:  Easily Tunable Organic Electron Donors (2005)

[graph: see text] The electrochemical, structural, and spectroscopic properties of bis(phosphine imide)s have been investigated. p-Phenylenebis(phosphine imide)s Ar3PNC6H4NPAr3 (1a-d) have two reversible single-electron oxidations. The first oxidation potentials can be varied from -0.05 to 0.15 V (versus SCE) by modification of the substituents on phosphorus (Ar). Electron-donating substituents lower the oxidation potential, while electron-withdrawing substituents increase the oxidation potential. The difference between the first and second oxidation potential (deltaE, 0.41-0.50) and the electronic coupling (Hab, 1.1 eV) are similar for 1a-d. Computational (DFT) and UV-visible-NIR spectroscopic investigations of 1a-d suggest that the first oxidation leads to a delocalized radical cation 1a*+ while the second oxidation leads to a quinonoidal dicationic state 1a2+. The aromatic linker between phosphine imides has also been modified. Upon oxidation, N,N'-4,4'-biphenylene(bis(triphenyl)phosphine imide) (3) forms radical cationic and a dicationic species similar to 1a-d. While deltaE (0.18 V) and Hab (0.63 eV) are smaller, suggesting weaker electronic communication between the two P=N units in the radical cationic state, the presence of NIR absorptions with vibrational fine structure (768, 861, and 983 nm) supports the formation of delocalized radical cation for 3*+.
Performance of High-Pressure Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composite Pipe Structures (2006)

Advanced fiber-reinforced polymer composite pipes offer high strength and superior corrosion resistance properties compared to conventional metallic pipeline materials. However, damage mechanisms in composite pipes are not fully understood and failure prediction methodologies are currently inadequate. Research is required to resolve these deficiencies which are an encumbrance to the certification of high-pressure composite pipe and its introduction into service. This is underlined by the findings reviewed in the present paper which derive from a comprehensive study on the performance and damage mechanisms in composite pipes and joint modules.
Every walk’s a hit: making page walks single-access cache hits (2022)

As memory capacity has outstripped TLB coverage, large data applications suffer from frequent page table walks. We investigate two complementary techniques for addressing this cost: reducing the number of accesses required and reducing the latency of each access. The first approach is accomplished by opportunistically "flattening" the page table: merging two levels of traditional 4 KB page table nodes into a single 2 MB node, thereby reducing the table's depth and the number of indirections required to traverse it. The second is accomplished by biasing the cache replacement algorithm to keep page table entries during periods of high TLB miss rates, as these periods also see high data miss rates and are therefore more likely to benefit from having the smaller page table in the cache than to suffer from increased data cache misses.
A Concise Silylamine Approach to 2-Amino-3-hydroxy-indoles with Potent <i>in vivo</i> Antimalaria Activity (2010)

The development of a concise strategy to access 2-amino-3-hydroxy-indoles, which are disclosed as novel antimalarials with potent in vivo activity, is reported. Starting from isatins the target compounds are synthesized in 2 steps and in good yields via oxoindole intermediates by employing tert-butyldimethylsilyl amine (TBDMSNH(2)) as previously unexplored ammonia equivalent.
AB and ABA type butyl acrylate and styrene block copolymers via RAFT-mediated miniemulsion polymerization (2007)

Two trithiocarbonate reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents are compared in miniemulsion polymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate and the formation of seeded emulsion block copolymers. The order of block synthesis and the number of block segments per polymer are discussed. The use of nonionic surfactants is examined and the type of surfactant in relation to the monomer used is found to have a significant affect on latex formation. Conditions are shown by which AB and ABA type block copolymers can be successfully prepared via a seeded RAFT-mediated emulsion polymerization. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 588–604, 2007
Improving trilateration for indoors localization using BLE beacons (2017)

While the Global Positioning System (GPS) tends to be not useful anymore in terms of precise localization once one gets into a building, Low Energy beacons might come in handy instead. Navigating free of signal reception problems throughout a building when one has never visited that place before is a challenge tackled with indoors localization. Using Bluetooth Low Energy1 (BLE) beacons (either iBeacon or Eddystone formats) is the medium to accomplish that. Indeed, different purpose oriented applications can be designed, developed and shaped towards the needs of any person in the context of a certain building. This work presents a series of post-processing filters to enhance the outcome of the estimated position applying trilateration as the main and straightforward technique to locate someone within a building. A later evaluation tries to give enough evidence around the feasibility of this indoor localization technique. A mobile app should be everything a user would need to have within a building in order to navigate inside.
Current Protocols in Pharmacology (2018)

Determination of drug or drug metabolite concentrations in biological samples, particularly in serum or plasma, is fundamental to describing the relationships between administered dose, route of administration, and time after dose to the drug concentrations achieved and to the observed effects of the drug. A well-characterized, accurate analytical method is needed, but it must also be established that the analyte concentration in the sample at the time of analysis is the same as the concentration at sample acquisition. Drugs and metabolites may be susceptible to degradation in samples due to metabolism or to physical and chemical processes, resulting in a lower measured concentration than was in the original sample. Careful examination of analyte stability during processing and storage and adjustment of procedures and conditions to maximize that stability are a critical part of method validation for the analysis, and can ensure the accuracy of the measured concentrations.
Avoiding instability during graceful shutdown of multiple OSPF routers (2006)

Many recent router architectures decouple the routing engine from the forwarding engine, allowing packet forwarding to continue even when the routing process is not active. This opens up the possibility of using the forwarding capability of a router even when its routing process is brought down for software upgrade or maintenance, thus avoiding the route flaps that normally occur when the routing process goes down. Unfortunately, current routing protocols, such as BGP, OSPF and IS-IS do not support such operation. In an earlier paper, we described an enhancement to OSPF, called the IBB (I'll Be Back) capability, that enables a router to continue forwarding packets while its routing process is inactive. When the OSPF process in an IBB-capable router is inactive, it cannot adapt its forwarding table to reflect changes in network topology. This can lead to routing loops and/or black holes. In this paper, we focus on the loop problem and provide a detailed analysis of how and when loops are formed and propose solutions to prevent them. We develop two necessary conditions for the formation of routing loops in the general case when multiple routers are inactive. These conditions can easily be checked by the neighbors of the inactive routers. Simulations on several network topologies showed that checking the two conditions together signaled a loop in most cases only when a loop actually existed
Active site structure of a hemagglutinating protease from Porphyromonas gingivalis: similarity to clostripain. (1995)

The active site of a 44-kDa hemagglutinating arginine-specific protease from the putative periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis was specifically labeled with N alpha-[3H]acetyllysine chloromethyl ketone. After enzymatic digestion of the labeled enzyme, a labeled active site peptide was isolated by HPLC. The sequence of the active site peptide was determined, after its treatment with NaBH4 to reduce the ketone group of the reagent moiety, to be Asp-Val-Ala-Cys-Val-Asn-Gly. The cysteine residue was found to be the site for labeling. The sequence resembled the active site structure of the arginine-specific cysteine protease clostripain from Clostridium histolyticum.
Managing Government Exposure to Private Infrastructure Risks (1999)

The privatization of infrastructure should lead to the development of new infrastructure, improvements in the operation of existing infrastructure, and a reduction in budgetary subsidies. Whether countries reap the full benefits of privatization, however, depends on how risks are allocated. If, as is often the case in developing countries, governments assume risks that should be borne by investors, they may reduce incentives for efficiency and incur significant liabilities. To solve these problems, governments need to improve their policies and restrict their risk bearing to certain political and regulatory risks over which they have direct control. When a government provides guarantees, it should attempt to measure their cost and improve the way they are handled in the accounts and budgets. Measurement and budgeting are critical to improving decisions about the provision of guarantees, to improving project selection and contract design, and to protecting governments from unknowingly entering into commitments that might jeopardize future budgets.
See, feel, act: Hierarchical learning for complex manipulation skills with multisensory fusion (2019)

Humans are able to seamlessly integrate tactile and visual stimuli with their intuitions to explore and execute complex manipulation skills. They not only see but also feel their actions. Most current robotic learning methodologies exploit recent progress in computer vision and deep learning to acquire data-hungry pixel-to-action policies. These methodologies do not exploit intuitive latent structure in physics or tactile signatures. Tactile reasoning is omnipresent in the animal kingdom, yet it is underdeveloped in robotic manipulation. Tactile stimuli are only acquired through invasive interaction, and interpretation of the data stream together with visual stimuli is challenging. Here, we propose a methodology to emulate hierarchical reasoning and multisensory fusion in a robot that learns to play Jenga, a complex game that requires physical interaction to be played effectively. The game mechanics were formulated as a generative process using a temporal hierarchical Bayesian model, with representations for both behavioral archetypes and noisy block states. This model captured descriptive latent structures, and the robot learned probabilistic models of these relationships in force and visual domains through a short exploration phase. Once learned, the robot used this representation to infer block behavior patterns and states as it played the game. Using its inferred beliefs, the robot adjusted its behavior with respect to both its current actions and its game strategy, similar to the way humans play the game. We evaluated the performance of the approach against three standard baselines and show its fidelity on a real-world implementation of the game.
Super-fast XML wrapper generation in DB2: a demonstration (2004)

The XML wrapper is a new feature of the federated database capabilities of DB2/UDB v8. It enables users and applications to issue SQL queries against XML data from a variety of sources, including files and Web services. The XML wrapper assumes hierarchical XML documents modeled as families of virtual relational tables in a federated schema, which can then be queried to extract information from the XML and combine it with data from other sources. Due to the nature of the problem, using the XML wrapper is complex and several difficult steps must be undertaken: (i) The hierarchical schema of the source must be flattened to a relational form, (ii) Each relation of the flattened schema must be registered in DB2 as a NICKNAME - a complex virtual table definition containing several XPaths as specialized options. (iii) Each NICKNAME must be accompanied by a VIEW - again a complex structure involving join conditions. Chocolate is a tool that alleviates all three tasks: Chocolate provides several flattening strategies and an interface allowing users to modify the automatically generated target schema. Once the user is satisfied with the schema, Chocolate automatically generates the corresponding NICKNAME and VIEW definitions.
Corneal Aberrations and Reading (2003)

Purpose. To investigate the effects of eyelid pressure on corneal shape and corneal aberrations during reading. Methods. Twenty young subjects with normal ocular health were recruited for the study. The experiment was conducted early in the morning, with subjects instructed not to perform any prolonged reading before the experiment. Corneal topography of one eye was measured with a videokeratoscope before reading and then again after a 60-min reading task. The natural position of the eyelids was photographed in primary gaze and during the reading task. Results. Twelve of the 20 corneas showed significant changes in central topography immediately after reading. The location of the changes corresponded closely to the position and angle of the subject’s eyelids during reading. The change in shape was best described as a wave-like distortion that significantly altered some corneal wavefront Zernike coefficients. There was a significant correlation between the changes in primary vertical coma and trefoil (along 30°). Within the central 6 mm of the cornea, there were significant changes in the root mean square error, overall refractive power, and astigmatism. Conclusions. The changes we observed in corneal topography appear to be directly related to the force exerted by the eyelids during reading. Because the cornea is the major light-refracting surface of the eye, the optical characteristics of some eyes can be significantly changed during reading by the force of the eyelids. These findings may have important implications for the definition of refractive status and may also aid in the understanding of the relationship between reading and the development of refractive errors.
Claudin-1 overexpression in intestinal epithelial cells enhances susceptibility to adenamatous polyposis coli-mediated colon tumorigenesis (2014)

Taken together, these results confirm the role of claudin-1 as a promoter of colon tumorigenesis and further identify the role of the dysregulated antigen-tumor interaction and inflammation in claudin-1-dependent upregulation of colon tumorigenesis.
Significance of Inoculum Size in the Lag Time of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> (2000)

The lag time of Listeria monocytogenes growing under suboptimal conditions (low nutrient concentrations, pH 6, and 6.5 degrees C) was extended when the inoculum was severely stressed by starvation and the inoculum size was very small. Predictive microbiology should deal with bacterial stress and stochastic approaches to improve its value for the agro-food industry.
β‐sitosterol for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: (1999)

beta-sitosterol improves urological symptoms and flow measures. However, the existing studies are limited by short treatment duration and lack of standardized beta-sitosterol preparations. Their long-term effectiveness, safety and ability to prevent the complications of BPH are unknown.