gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Functional Properties of Soy Protein Isolates Produced from Ultrasonicated Defatted Soy Flakes (2009)

Abstract This study aimed to determine the effect of pretreating defatted soy flakes with ultrasound on soy protein isolate (SPI) yield and functionality. Defatted soy flakes dispersed into water (16%, w/w) were sonicated for 30, 60 and 120 s at ultrasonic amplitudes of 21 and 84 µm pp (peak to peak amplitude in µm), representing low and high power, respectively. The power densities were 0.30 and 2.56 W mL −1 , respectively. The SPI yield increased by 13 and 34%, after sonication for 120 s at low and high power, respectively. The sonication of defatted soy flakes for 120 s at the higher power level improved the SPI solubility by 34% at pH 7.0, while decreasing emulsification and foaming capacities by 12 and 26%, respectively, when compared to control SPI. Rheological behavior of the SPI was also modified with significant loss in consistency coefficient due to sonication. Some of these results could be explained by the loss of the protein native state with increased sonication time and power.
OncoNetExplainer: Explainable Predictions of Cancer Types Based on Gene Expression Data (2019)

The discovery of important biomarkers is a significant step towards understanding the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis; enabling accurate diagnosis for, and prognosis of, a certain cancer type. Before recommending any diagnosis, genomics data such as gene expressions (GE) and clinical outcomes need to be analyzed. However, complex nature, high dimensionality, and heterogeneity in genomics data make the overall analysis challenging. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have shown tremendous success in solving such problems. However, neural network models are perceived mostly as 'black box' methods because of their not well-understood internal functioning. However, interpretability is important to provide insights on why a given cancer case has a certain type. Besides, finding the most important biomarkers can help in recommending more accurate treatments and drug repositioning. Moreover, the 'right to explanation' of the EU GDPR gives patients the right to know why and how an algorithm made a diagnosis decision. Hence, in this paper, we propose a new approach called OncoNetExplainer to make explainable predictions of cancer types based on GE data. We used genomics data about 9,074 cancer patients covering 33 different cancer types from the Pan-Cancer Atlas on which we trained CNN and VGG16 networks using guided-gradient class activation maps++ (GradCAM++). Further, we generate class-specific heat maps to identify significant biomarkers and computed feature importance in terms of mean absolute impact to rank top genes across all the cancer types. Quantitative and qualitative analyses show that both models exhibit high confidence at predicting the cancer types correctly giving an average precision of 96.25%. To provide comparisons with the baselines, we identified top genes, and cancer-specific driver genes using gradient boosted trees and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Finally, our findings were validated with the annotations provided by the TumorPortal.
Increases in mitral leaflet radii of curvature with chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation. (2004)

CIMR increased ROC of both the AL and PL. Leaflet extension may be a compensatory mechanism to minimize the regurgitant orifice, but the attendant increase in ROC will tend to augment leaflet stress. Annular and subvalvular geometry both affect leaflet curvature, and should be considered during mitral repair. These novel quantitative in-vivo data are now available for modification of finite element models, and for comparison to finite element model output.
H3K79 methylation: a new conserved mark that accompanies H4 hyperacetylation prior to histone-to-protamine transition in <i>Drosophila</i> and rat (2014)

During spermiogenesis, haploid spermatids undergo extensive chromatin remodeling events in which histones are successively replaced by more basic protamines to generate highly compacted chromatin. Here we show for the first time that H3K79 methylation is a conserved feature preceding the histone-to-protamine transition in Drosophila melanogaster and rat. During Drosophila spermatogenesis, the Dot1-like methyltransferase Grappa (Gpp) is primarily expressed in canoe stage nuclei. The corresponding H3K79 methylation is a histone modification that precedes the histone-to-protamine transition and correlates with histone H4 hyperacetylation. When acetylation was inhibited in cultured Drosophila testes, nuclei were smaller and chromatin was compact, Gpp was little synthesized, H3K79 methylation was strongly reduced, and protamines were not synthesized. The Gpp isoform Gpp-D has a unique C-terminus, and Gpp is essential for full fertility. In rat, H3K79 methylation also correlates with H4 hyperacetylation but not with active RNA polymerase II, which might point towards a conserved function in chromatin remodeling during the histone-to-protamine transition in both Drosophila and rat.
Active-set newton algorithm for non-negative sparse coding of audio (2014)

We propose a new algorithm to efficiently obtain non-negative sparse representations for audio. The spectrum of an audio signal is represented as a sparse linear combination of atoms taken from an overcomplete dictionary. The algorithm is based on minimizing the generalized Kullback-Leibler divergence between an observed magnitude spectrum and a non-negative linear combination of atoms, plus an ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> regularization term. The proposed method consists of an active-set method that iteratively updates a set of active atoms that have non-zero weights, using a Newton step where the weights of the active atoms are updated. The proposed method was evaluated using mixtures of two speakers, and it was shown to yield more than 10 times faster convergence in comparison to an established algorithm based on multiplicative update rules. Moreover, the ℓ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> regularization was found to decrease the computation time and to improve the source separation performance.
[New cardiovascular acting 2-aryl-2-imidazolinyl-acetic acids. Synthesis and pharmacologic effects]. (1985)

The syntheses of new 2-aryl-2-imidazolinyl-acetic acids and esters are reported together with pharmacological results concerning structure-activity relationship. In contrast to the already known but inactive N(1)-alkylated derivatives of 2-arylamino-2-imidazolines the new compounds with an aryl acetic acid substitution in N(1) position of the imidazoline nucleus show the bradykardic activity of the exocyclic alkylated clonidine derivatives such as alinidine. The majority of these new substances reduce blood pressure and heart rate in anesthetized rats significantly with a long duration of action. 2-[2-(2,6-Dichloro-phenylamine)-2-imidazoline-1-yl]-2-(2-thienyl)- acetic acid 8a is the most potent compound. Blood pressure is lowered by 30-40 mmHg and heart rate by 175 beats/min with a duration of action greater than 60 min. The effect is weakened if the thienyl radical is replaced by other heterocycles or if the 2,6-dichlorphenyl group is replaced by a hydrogen atom. The variation of the substituents in the phenyl nucleus shows that the 2,6-dichlorphenyl structure is the optimum substitution pattern, as in the case of clonidine. In the series comprising the 2-[2-(2,6-dichlorphenylamino)-2-imidazoline-1-yl]-2-phenyl acetic acids (8j-8n) the incorporation of different substituents into the phenyl nucleus in the 2-position results in derivates of different activity. The esters 9a-9c show a faster onset of action as compared to the corresponding carboxylic acid 8a. The most interesting effect of compound 8a in normotensive conscious dogs is a strong and long-lasting decrease in heart rate accompanied by a moderate LVP dp/dtmax decrease, weak lowering of blood pressure and slight increase in LVEDP. After blocking beta-receptors by atenolol the compound 8a still reduces heart rate. Results in ganglion-blocked and pithed rats indicate a presynaptic and postsynaptic alpha 2-agonistic effect. A decrease in sympathetic tone as well as an increase in vagal activity in conscious dogs are considered as possible causes for bradycardic activity. Unlike alinidine, however, compound 8a does not affect directly sinus node function. The bradycardic effect of compound 8a which results in a decrease in oxygen consumption is supposed to be the cause of the reduction of infarct size in anesthetized dogs by 28%.
Synthesis and thin film electronic properties of two pyrene-substituted oligothiophene derivatives (2006)

The synthesis and the electric properties of two new pyrene end-substituted oligothiophene derivatives (Py-nT, n = 2,4) are described. The highest hole mobility (ca. 10−3 cm2 V−1 s−1) was obtained for vacuum evaporated thin films of Py-4T as the active layer in field effect transistors based on hexamethyldisilazane-treated SiO2/Si substrates. Moreover, Py-nT thin films were doped with molecular iodine, which led to a 106 fold increase of electric conductivity. In the case of Py-4T, a value of 1 S cm−1 was obtained after 21 minutes exposure to iodine vapor.
Characterization of Resistance to Squash Silverleaf Disorder in Summer Squash (2009)

Feeding nymphs of the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii (formerly known as Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, B strain), cause a physiological disorder known as squash silverleaf (SSL) in summer squash ( Cucurbita pepo L.). This disorder is characterized by a progressive silvering on the upper leaf surface caused by the development of large air spaces between the palisade mesophyll cells and the adaxial epidermis. Severely symptomatic plants can exhibit stunting and fruit yield reduction. A University of Florida C. pepo breeding line, designated Zuc76, confers resistance to this disorder and its inheritance was characterized. Data from F 1 , F 2 , and backcross progeny from crossing a SSL disorder-susceptible zucchini squash ( C. pepo ) with Zuc76 indicated resistance is conferred by a single recessive gene. Determining the mode of inheritance of SSL disorder resistance found in Zuc76 will contribute to future studies to develop SSL disorder-resistant C. pepo cultivars with superior horticultural potential.
Sprinklers and power lines (2001)

Implementing precision agriculture for farm management requires improved sensing and control beyond that commonly used today. This article describes how existing power lines are being used to reduce implementation and operating costs for automating existing agricultural irrigation controls.
Multifunctional superparamagnetic nanoparticles for enhanced drug transport in cystic fibrosis (2012)

Iron oxide colloidal nanoparticles (ferrofluids) are investigated for application in the treatment of cystic fibrosis lung infections, the leading cause of mortality in cystic fibrosis patients. We investigate the use of iron oxide nanoparticles to increase the effectiveness of administering antibiotics through aerosol inhalation using two mechanisms: directed particle movement in the presence of an inhomogeneous static external magnetic field and magnetic hyperthermia. Magnetic hyperthermia is an effective method for decreasing the viscosity of the mucus and biofilm, thereby enhancing drug, immune cell, and antibody penetration to the affected area. Iron oxide nanoparticles of various sizes and morphologies were synthesized and tested for specific losses (heating power). Nanoparticles in the superparamagnetic to ferromagnetic size range exhibited excellent heating power. Additionally, iron oxide / zinc selenide core/shell nanoparticles were prepared, in order to enable imaging of the iron oxide nanoparticles. We also report on synthesis and characterization of MnSe/ZnSeS alloyed quantum dots.
Vehicle Navigation Systems: Is America Ready? (1997)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Although popular in Japan and Europe, vehicle navigation systems have not yet been established as a viable offering in America. This paper will discuss the current infrastructure in America which is now ready for navigation implementation. The change factors that will facilitate system acceptance include:</div> <div class="htmlview paragraph"> <ul class="list disc"> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">the development and introduction of proven products such as the CARiN vehicle navigation system,</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">the recent availability of tested nationwide digital map database coverage, and</div></li> <li class="list-item"><div class="htmlview paragraph">the proliferation of cellular telephone service, which augments vehicle navigation capabilities.</div></li> </ul> </div>
Energy Harvesting from Roadways (2016)

This paper presents a preview of an ongoing study to develop an energy harvesting system based on piezoelectric elements embedded into the pavements structure. The system development involved designing and testing a number of prototypes in the laboratory under controlled stress conditions. In addition, it involved numerical modeling of the stress distribution in the power generation module and economic analysis of the value of the electric power generated, under a given traffic composition scenario. The results available to date suggest that this technology shows promise in powering LED traffic lights and wireless sensors embedded into pavement structures.
Nucleic acid-based polymers effective against hepatitis B Virus infection in patients don’t harbor immunostimulatory properties in primary isolated liver cells (2017)

Nucleic acid polymers (NAPs) block the release of subviral particles from hepatocytes, a mechanism consistent with their antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in patients. Analysis of immunostimulatory properties of NAPs were conducted with several NAP species: REP 2006, the prototypic degenerate NAP [dN]<sub>40</sub>, containing TLR9-stimulatory CpG; REP 2055 a clinically active NAP with a sequence [dAdC]<sub>20</sub> devoid of CpG content; REP 2139 (also clinically active) and REP 2165 (REP 2055 analogues further rendered immunologically inactive by replacing cytidine with 5-methylcytidine and incorporating 2'-O methylation of riboses). These analyses revealed pro-inflammatory responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with REP 2006 and with REP 2139 and REP 2165 only at high dose but displayed no significant antiviral activity. In primary isolated human hepatocytes and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells no significant inflammatory or antiviral responses were detected for any NAPs. In human Kupffer cells pro-inflammatory activity was observed with REP 2006 and REP 2055, whereas a weak but significant induction of interferon genes was only observed with REP 2006 at the highest concentration. We therefore hypothesize that the antiviral activity of NAPs optimized to treat HBV infection in patients cannot be explained by direct induction of innate antiviral responses.
Preincubation with a low-dose hydrogen peroxide enhances anti-oxidative stress ability of BMSCs (2020)

Pretreatment with low-concentration H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> can enhance the anti-oxidative stress ability and reduce their apoptosis of BMSCs under oxidative stress.
Gene expression profiling for molecular distinction and characterization of laser captured primary lung cancers (2008)

The data from this research identified potential candidate genes which could be used as the basis for the development of diagnostic tools and lung tumor type-specific targeted therapies.
Evidence for T-helper 2 shift and association with illness parameters in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). (2008)

Few immunological markers have been consistently reported in CFS. However, a shift to a T-helper 2 (Th2) type immune response has been hypothesized for individuals with CFS. The current study investigated whether individuals with CFS who exhibited a stronger shift towards a Th2 type of immune response would also exhibit more severe symptoms, poorer neurocognitive functioning, and poorer physical and psychosocial functioning. The current investigation measured the percentage of Th1-like and Th2-like memory cells using cell surface flow cytometry in 114 individuals with CFS. The associations between the ratio of Th1 and Th2 memory cells and various illness parameters measures were then examined, including symptom severity, psychiatric functioning, neurocognitive functioning, salivary cortisol levels, and chronic pain status. Results indicated that individuals who exhibited a more extreme shift towards a Th2 immune response also exhibited poorer sleep and high levels of basal salivary cortisol. The implications of these findings are discussed.
The evolving role of chemokines and their receptors in acute allograft rejection (2002)

In renal transplantation, the occurrence of one ormore episodes of acute allograft rejection (AAR) is amajor determinant of graft survival [1]. Most episodesof AAR are caused by cell-mediated processes andrequire the inﬁltration of alloactivated T cells into theengrafted organ. These cells are characterized by theexpression of surface markers indicating a memory(CD45ROq)anduor activated (CD25q) phenotype[2,3], which develop subsequent to T-cell receptor(TCR) interactions with MHC–alloantigen complexesor donor MHC in secondary lymphoid tissue [4].A further result of this process is the expression ofchemokine receptors that direct the trafﬁcking of allo-activated T cells into the graft in response to localproduction of chemokines, initially by resident cells.There is now deep interest in this area that reﬂects therecent identiﬁcation of restricted chemokine–receptorinteractions as key functional events in T-cell recruit-ment and potential therapeutic targets for theprophylaxis of AAR. We discuss this recent evidenceand how it relates to our current knowledge ofchemokine–receptor expression in human renaltransplantation.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress of Solid Electrolytes and the Electrochemical Sensors (1997)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Non-binary turbo codes on additive impulsive noise channels (2016)

It is well known that binary error-correcting codes with iterative decoders can achieve near Shannon-limit performance on the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, but their performance on more realistic wireless channels can become degraded due to the presence of burst errors or impulsive noise due to interference. A better performing coding scheme is the class of non-binary codes, which are known to be more effective in correcting burst errors, but interestingly there is no research reported in the literature investigating non-binary codes on impulsive noise channels. In this paper, we investigate the performance of non-binary turbo codes defined in a finite field GF(4) on symmetric alpha-stable impulsive noise channels and compare with comparable binary turbo codes. A Cauchy receiver is also employed to mitigate the effects of the channel to assist the turbo decoding. Our simulation results show that although the non-binary turbo code performs similarly to the binary turbo code on the AWGN channel, it achieves a significant coding gain over the binary turbo code as impulsiveness increases.
Design and Flight Test of a Primary Flight Display Combined Vision System (2011)

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">A series of flight tests were conducted to design and evaluate a Combined Vision System (CVS) that integrates a forward looking infrared video image with synthetic vision on a primary flight display. System features included colorizing the video image to mesh with the synthetic terrain background, decluttering the approach symbology to facilitate the detection of the approach lights and runway markings, creating a semi-transparent IR sky to ensure continuous situational awareness of the surrounding terrain, and annunciating the decision height to facilitate the transition to the actual runway environment. Over 100 approaches were flown during three flight test sessions. For the first flight test session pilots reviewed early CVS proofs of concept on Honeywell's Citation Sovereign. During the approach in low visibility conditions, the Pilot Flying remained head-down to 100 ft AGL, at which time he lifted his head and made a subjective judgment of whether he could easily and safely complete the transition to land before making a go-around. In the second flight test session enhancements included IR image coloring, IRS/GPS navigation system integration, and display annunciations. The series of flight tests culminated in a CVS integration on Honeywell's Gulfstream G450 aircraft for a direct head-up display (HUD) versus head-down display (HDD) comparison of the IR imagery. The HUD location is currently the standard for low visibility approaches with IR imagery. The G450 evaluation had three highly experienced pilots with an average of over 12,000 flight hours and over 2,500 hours with a HUD. They flew a total of 46 approaches, most to full-stop landings and many were in high workload conditions - low visibility weather or strong crosswinds. Again the Pilot Flying stayed head-down to 100 ft AGL and then transitioned to the outside view of actual runway environment before landing. Pilot performance with the CVS was equivalent to performance with the HUD on all flight parameters including glideslope deviation, airspeed deviation, configuration to land at the crossing threshold, and the landing footprint on the runway.Workload scores and display ratings were equivalent between the two displays, giving a strong indication that the Honeywell CVS provides equivalent performance and an alternative means to the HUD for displaying the IR imagery.</div></div>
A. R. Davis memorial lecture, 2015: Women writing women: 'A woman's place' in modern Japanese women's poetry (2015)

The aim of this paper is to explore the struggle for self-fulfillment and self-expression in the work of a number of the 'new woman' poets emerging from the late Meiji period, through both their tanka and free-style verse. Increasingly visible in the department stores, cafes and factories, these 'new women' were also increasingly visible in the literary journals and women's associations. Drawing on the results of an ongoing translation project to create an anthology of 100 years of Japanese women's poetry, I will focus my discussion on the theme of a 'woman's place' in her world, which has presented itself as a central theme within the anthology.