gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Excimer laser-induced temperature field in melting and resolidification of silicon thin films (2000)

The liquid/solid interface motion and temperature history during excimer laser annealing of 50-nm-thick Si films on fused quartz substrates are investigated by in situ nanosecond time-resolved electrical conductance, optical reflectance, and transmittance at visible and near-IR wavelengths, combined with thermal emission measurements. The temperature response, melt propagation and evolution of the recrystallization process are fundamentally different in the partial-melting and the complete-melting regimes. Because it is necessary to balance the latent heat across the propagating phase-change interface, the maximum induced temperature in the partial-melting regime remains close to the melting point of amorphous Si. The peak temperature rises in the complete-melting regime, but the nonparticipating nature of the liquid Si/fused quartz interface allows substantial supercooling (&gt;200 K), followed by spontaneous nucleation into fine-grained material. These phase transformations are consistent with the recrystallized polycrystalline Si morphologies that indicate grain enhancement in the near-complete-melting regime. It is also found that melting of polycrystalline Si occurs close to the melting point of crystalline Si. This temperature is by approximately 140 K higher than the melting point of amorphous Si.
Saroaspidin A, B, and C: Additional Antibiotic Compounds from<i>Hypericum japonicum</i> (1987)

Three antibiotic compounds, saroaspidin A, B, and C have been isolated from Hypericum japonicum Thunb. (Sarothra japonica) and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. The compounds contain phloroglucinol and filicinic acid moieties.
Evidence-based Bayesian networks approach to airplane maintenance (2003)

A system that facilitates airplane maintenance provides decision support for finding the root-cause of a failure from observed symptoms and findings. Such system provides diagnostic advice listing the most probable causes and recommending possible remedial actions. Furthermore, its goal is to reduce the number of delays and cancellations and unnecessary parts removal, which add significant costs to airplane maintenance operations. A Bayesian belief network, model-based approach is presently being used for building such diagnostic models. The paper describes the pertinent issues in using such models.
Personalization and choice behavior (2008)

Online merchants use personalization technologies to gain knowledge of an individual customer and then generate preference-matched web content for the customer. Among the various types of personalization technologies, this research focuses on personalization engines that generate preference-matched content based on a customer's prior transactions. Extant research in this area has focused on how to maximize knowledge mined from transaction logs to generate content that is highly similar to the customer's past revealed preferences. However, it remains an empirical question as to whether the content closely matched with previous transactions is most likely to influence choice behavior. In this study, we postulate that the content closely matched with previous transactions may not be the most influential in biasing a customer. In the consideration and choice process, an individual's personality traits play a pivotal role in moderating the effect of personalized content. Drawing on research in marketing, we examine three key personality traits: need for cognition; variety seeking, and need for uniqueness; and explore their effects on choice behavior in the context of transaction-driven personalization. Research hypotheses are tested with over 2,000 pre-selected subjects in an online experiment based on a ringtone download website. We find that individual personality traits moderate content consideration and choice. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
Review of Small Cell Carcinomas of the Prostate (2011)

Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a rare neoplasm, with only a few series hitherto reported. A little less than half of the cases are associated with conventional acinar adenocarcinoma, which are usually high grade. Although consensus has not been reached, the majority of patients with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate have advanced disease at diagnosis and disproportionally low PSA levels compared to patients with conventional acinar adenocarcinoma. Treatment consists mainly of chemotherapy associated with surgery. Radiation therapy is reserved for selected cases. This study reviews the most up-to-date information on small cell carcinomas of the prostate.
Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, and Pharmacological Evaluation of a Series of Fluorinated 3-Benzyl-5-Indolecarboxamides: Identification of 4-[[5-[((2R)-2-Methyl-4,4,4-trifluorobutyl)carbamoyl]-1-methylindol-3-yl]methyl]-3methoxy-N-[(2-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]benzamide, a Potent, Orally Active Antagonist of Leukotrienes D4 and E4 (1994)

The continued exploration of a series of 3-(arylmethyl)-1H-indole-5-carboxamides by the introduction of fluorinated amide substituents has resulted in the discovery of 4-[[5-[((2R)-2-methyl-4,4,4-trifluorobutyl)carbamoyl]-1-methyli ndol- 3-yl]methyl]-3-methoxy-N-[(2-methyl-phenyl)sulfonyl]benzamide (38p, ZENECA ZD3523), which has been chosen for clinical evaluation. This compound exhibited a Ki of 0.42 nM for displacement of [3H]LTD4 on guinea pig lung membranes, a pKB of 10.13 +/- 0.14 versus LTE4 on guinea pig trachea, and an oral ED50 of 1.14 mumol/kg opposite LTD4-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs. The R enantiomer was found to be modestly more potent than the S enantiomer 38o. Modification of the amide substituent to afford achiral compounds was unsuccessful in achieving comparable levels of activity. Profiling of 38p opposite a variety of functional assays has demonstrated the selectivity of this compound as a leukotriene receptor antagonist. The enantioselective synthesis of 38p, which employed a diastereoselective alkylation of (4R,5S)-3-(1-oxo-4,4,4-trifluorobutyl)-4-methyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazoli dinone (27) as the key step to establish the chirality of the amide substituent, provided an efficient route for generating 38p in > 99% enantiomeric purity.
Pyrolysis and gasification of lignin and effect of alkali addition (2009)

Lignin, a byproduct of the chemical pulping can be gasified to produce fuel gas and value-added products. Two lignins, MeadWestvaco (MWV) lignin and Sigma Aldrich (SA) lignin, were studied using two different reactors. A laminar entrained flow reactor (LEFR) was used initially to determine the effect of lignin type, temperature and residence time on char yield and fixed carbon conversion during pyrolysis and gasification. During both pyrolysis and gasification, the maximum decrease in char yield took place in the initial stage of the reaction and there was little change at longer residence times. There was not much difference between pyrolysis and gasification in the residence times obtained in the LEFR. Furthermore, a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to study the effect of lignin type on pyrolysis and gasification. The reaction rates and char yields were affected by the lignin composition. Lignin pyrolysis showed similar behavior until 600°C but only the high-ash SA lignin showed secondary pyrolysis reactions above 600°C. Carbon gasification reactions were delayed in SA lignin. Na2CO3 addition made the primary pyrolysis reaction occur at a lower rate and enhanced the rate for secondary pyrolysis reactions. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy results showed that the significant loss of spectral detail started at different temperatures for MWV lignin and SA lignin. Kinetic parameters obtained using differential and Coats - Redfern integral method were comparable at lower temperatures but varied at high temperatures. Na2CO3 addition decreased the activation energy of primary pyrolysis.
HIV Replication and Persistence in Human Gastrointestinal Cells Cultured In Vitro (1991)

Epithelial and submucosal mesenchymal (SM) cells from normal human small intestine and colon could be directly infected by several strains of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Macrophage-derived virus strains were more potent than the HTLVIIIB prototype strain. Persistent release of virus over several months implies that the human gastrointestinal tract may serve as a site for primary infection and as a reservoir for the virus. Furthermore, HIV infection of SM cells may be an in vitro model of Kaposi's sarcoma.
Empirical estimates of software availability of deployed systems (2006)

We consider empirical evaluation of the availability of the deployed software. Evaluation of real systems is more realistic, more accurate, and provides higher level of confidence than simulations, testing, or models. We process and model information gathered from a variety of operational and service support systems to obtain estimates of software reliability and availability. The three principal quantities are the total runtime, the number of outages, and the duration of outages. We consider methods to assess the quality of information in customer support systems, discuss advantages and disadvantages of various sources, consider methods to deal with missing data, and ways to construct bounds on measures that are not directly available. We propose a method to assess empirically software availability and reliability based on information from operational customer support and inventory systems and use a case study of a large communications system to investigate factors affecting software reliability. We find large variations among platforms and releases and find the failure rate to vary over time.
A sub 10 pJ/Cycle Over a 2 to 200 MHz Performance Range RISC- V Microprocessor in 28 nm FDSOI (2018)

This work presents a near-threshold microprocessor implementation that aims for ultra-high energy-efficiency, while providing MHz performances over a 100x frequency range. This allows the processor to target a wide range of applications and to provide edge computing capabilities to IoT-devices. The RISC-V IM32 ISA is implemented in 28 nm FDSOI technology. FDSOI's body-biasing capabilities are explored and result in performance specific energy optimization possibilities. Furthermore, near-threshold libraries that are based on the original technology's super-threshold standard-cells, allow for a swift implementation of the processor without the need to design a custom low-voltage standard-cell set. Measurements show that the processor core breaks the 10 pJ/ cycle energy barrier over a frequency range from 2-200 MHz. The design remains functional down to 250mV with a MEP of 4.18pJ/cycle at 21.5MHz (380 mV). The 2×32 kB on-chip SRAM consumes between 4.49 pJ /cycle and 9.58 pJ/cycle while operating at 0.5 V.
Associations between Childhood Refraction and Parental Smoking (2006)

Despite the complex constituents of cigarette smoke, neuropharmacology perspectives may prove useful in the development of new hypotheses to understand the mechanisms governing refractive development, not only in experimental animals but also in children. The associations of less prevalent myopia and a more hyperopic mean refraction with both prenatal and childhood exposures to tobacco smoke suggest that nongenetic, environmental exposures may have long-term influences on refraction and that further study of the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in refractive development is warranted.
Small area InGaAs/InP <i>p-i-n</i> photodiodes: fabrication, characteristics and performance of devices in 274 Mb/s and 45 Mb/s lightwave receivers at 1.31 μm wavelength (1980)

Small-area Zn-diffused homojunction InGaAs/InP p-i-n photodetectors for wavelengths up to 1.65 μm have been fabricated in a back-illuminated configuration. The dark current is 5 nA and the capacitance is 0.3 pF at −10 V bias; the quantum efficiency is 65% without a.r. coatings. As 1.31 μm detectors in a p-i-n/f.e.t. receiver preamplifier, the diodes have provided a receiver sensitivity of −46.7 dBm at 45 Mb/s and −36 dBm at 274 Mb/s for 10−9 error rate.
The Gutenberg operating system kernel (1986)

THE GUTENBERG SYSTEM IS A PORT-BASED, OBJECT-ORIENTED OPERATING SYSTEM KERNEL DESIGNED TO FACILIATE THE DESIGN AND STRUCTURING OF PROCESSES IN DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS. THIS IS ACHIEVED BY PROVIDING PRIMITIVES FOR STRUCT- URING PROCESSES THROUGH CONTROLLED PROCESS INTERCONNECTIONS AND THROUGH ACCESS TO SHARED RESOURCES. ONLY SHARED RESOURCES ARE VIEWED AS PROTECTED OBJECTS AND HENCE, ALL SHARED RESOURCES CAN BE ACCESSED ONLY BY SPECIFIC OPERATIONS DEFINED ON THEM. PROCESSES COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER AND ACCESS PROTECTED OBJECTS THROUGH THE USE OF PORTS. EACH PORT IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN ABSTRACT DATA TYPE OPERATION AND CAN BE CREATED BY A PROCESS ONLY IF THE PROCESS POSSESSES THE PRIVILEGE TO EXECUTE THAT OPERATION. PRIVI- LEGES ARE REPRESENTED BY ONE OR MORE CAPABILITIES. THUS, ACCESS CONTROL TO SHARED RESOURCES IS ACHIEVED BY CONTROLLING THE ACQUISITION OF CAPABILITIES TO CREATE PORTS BY PROCESSES. CAPABILITIES TO CREATE PORTS FOR REQUESTING OPERATIONS ARE CONTAINED IN THE CAPABILITY DIRECTORY WHICH IS A KERNEL OBJECT, I.E., IS MAINTAINED AND MANIPULATED ONLY BY THE KERNEL. THE PURPOSE OF THE CAPABILITY DIRECTORY IS TO RESTRICT THE USE OF CAPABILITIES IN A CONSISTENT AND ORDERLY WAY. AT ANY TIME, EACH PROCESS IS ASSOCIATED WITH A SINGLE SUBDIRECTORY OF THE CAP- ABILITY DIRECTORY DESIGNATED AS ITS ACTIVE DIRECTORY. THE PROTECTION DO- MAIN OF A PROCESS IS DEFINED BY THE SET OF STABLE CAPABILITIES IN ITS ACTIV
EFFECTS OF AMINOTETRALINS ON INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE AND PUPILLARY FUNCTION IN RABBITS (1984)

Aminotetralin compounds, A-6, 7-DTN and TL-99, produced bisphasic changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupillary dilatation in rabbits. The rise in IOP appeared to result from an action on extraocular muscles because this effect was not produced by either compound in rabbits with transected extraocular muscles. The ocular hypotensive action of A-6, 7-DTN and TL-99 was markedly attenuated in sympathectomized rabbits indicating that this action resulted from suppression of sympathetic neuronal activity. Inhibition of ocular hypertension induced by waterloading by both compounds and suppression of the IOP recovery rate by A-6, 7-DTN suggested that the latter compound lowered IOP, in part, by inhibiting aqueous humor formation. The ocular hypotensive action of A-6, 7-DTN was antagonized by pretreatment with sulpiride, but not by yohimbine, indicating that dopamine receptors are involved in the response. These studies demonstrated that dopamine agonists can lower IOP and suggest that these types of drugs might prove useful in the therapy of open-angle glaucoma.
Dielectric resonator antenna handbook (2007)

In recent years, the dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) has emerged as a new and viable alternative to conventional low-gain elements such as dipoles, monopoles, and microstrip patches. This practical resource presents complete, up-to-date details on DRAs in a single volume. The book provides you with clear guidance on the mode of operation and radiation behavior of DRAs, the main methods of excitation, and the major advances in DRA technology. This hands-on reference equips you with simple equations and graphs that help you rapidly design DRAs of spherical, cylindrical, and rectangular shapes, without having to resort to complex analytical or numerical calculations. You find guidelines for designing feeds required to excite the DRAs, such as probes, apertures, and microstrip lines. In addition, the book offers you various techniques for enhancing the bandwidth performance of DRAs for wideband applications. You learn how to design low profile DRAs and DRAs with circular polarization. Several approaches for designing linear and planar DRAs arrays are also considered. Moreover, this comprehensive book provides advice on the fabrication of DRAs and measurement methods used to characterize their performance. Numerous design examples are included to give you a sense of the versatility that DRAs afford.
Gas Lift-Jet Pump Hybrid Completion Reduces Nonproductive Time During Unconventional Well Production (2016)

Abstract Gas lift is a preferred lifting method to produce unconventional wells across the world. During specific stages of the well life, however, it might happen that water percentage raises enough to make the tubing flow gradient too high for lifting with the maximum operating pressure and rate of injection gas. This results in unplanned nonproductive time. A slickline-deployable jet pump can be a cost-effective alternative to effectively unload the well and resume production with gas lift. The addition of a sliding sleeve door (SSD) to the tubing string, installed between the deepest gas lift mandrel and the annular packer, will allow the deployment of a slickline-set jet pump. The backup jet pump provides a valuable and cost-effective alternative in three potential scenarios: when unloading fracking fluids before beginning gas-lift production, when restoring production after an unpredicted shutdown of the gas-lift compression system, and when the producing water cut becomes higher than expected. An operator in Logan County, Oklahoma, installed the gas lift-jet pump hybrid completion in five wells. The completion was basically designed for gas lift with a standard "X" profile SSD installed between the packer and the operating gas-lift valve. The dual-purpose tubing string was installed in each well in one trip. To produce fracking fluids left in the wellbore, standard-flow jet pumps were set in the SSD, mobile hydraulic-lift surface units were hooked up to the Christmas tree and jet pump production operation started. On average, fracking water was produced 66% faster than by swabbing and rod pumping, and 33% faster than with nitrogen lift. Upon recovery of the fracking fluids, the wells were producing enough gas to successfully start the gas lift systems in approximately 6 days. This simple but ingenious dual-purpose completion approach has already proved to solve the problem of unconventional well production load-up during the early production stage of gas lifted systems. The information provided in this paper will help operators plan, design, deploy, and operate a dual-purpose gas lift-jet pump well completion.
Virtual terminal definition and protocol (1976)

article Free Access Share on Virtual terminal definition and protocol Authors: P. Schicker Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Clausisusstr. 55, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Clausisusstr. 55, CH-8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandView Profile , A. Duenki Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Clausisusstr. 55, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Clausisusstr. 55, CH-8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandView Profile Authors Info & Claims ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication ReviewVolume 6Issue 4October 1976 pp 1–18https://doi.org/10.1145/1015842.1015843Online:01 October 1976Publication History 6citation199DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations6Total Downloads199Last 12 Months21Last 6 weeks5 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my Alerts New Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
State transformation in event driven explicit simulation (1997)

This paper presents a general method for incorporating state transformation in event driven explicit simulation. One inherent assumption in this type of simulation algorithm is the state independence, which allows the algorithm to process the states independently in an event driven manner at the transistor level. Numerical problems arise when an inappropriate state representation of the circuit, in which the states are not truly independent, is chosen. In principle, any similarity transformation of the state equation can be employed to transform the circuit into a more convenient state space for numerical solution. This paper develops a systematic scheme to derive an appropriate state transformation, and to incorporate the state transformulation in such a way to maintain the efficiency of event driven explicit simulation algorithms.
SLICOTS: An SDN-Based Lightweight Countermeasure for TCP SYN Flooding Attacks (2017)

Software defined networking (SDN) is a novel networking paradigm which decouples control plane from data plane. This separation facilitates a high level of programmability and manageability. On the other hand, it makes the SDN controller a bottleneck and hence vulnerable to control plane saturation attack. One of the key mechanism to achieve control plane saturation is via TCP SYN flooding attack. This is one of the most effective and popular denial of service attack, in which the attacker produces many half-open TCP connections on the targeted server in order to degrade its availability. Furthermore, when applied to SDN, TCP SYN flooding attack also introduces control plane saturation attack. In particular, the attacker generates a significant number of TCP SYN packets and imposes data plane switches to forward them to the controller. As a result, the performance of the controller degrades and the controller will not be able to respond genuine requests in acceptable time. In this paper, we propose SLICOTS, an effective and efficient countermeasure to mitigate TCP SYN flooding attack in SDN. SLICOTS takes the advantage of dynamic programmability nature of SDN to detect and prevent attacks. SLICOTS is implemented in the controller, it surveils ongoing TCP connection requests, and blocks malicious hosts. We implemented SLICOTS as an extension module of OpenDayLight controller and evaluated it under different attack scenarios. The experimental results confirm that, compared to the state-of-art, SLICOTS reduces the response time overhead up to some 50%, while ensuring the same level of protection.
High power AlInGaN-based blue-violet laser diodes (2006)

High power and high efficiency AlInGaN-based laser diodes with 405 nm were fabricated for the post-DVD applications. Magnesium doped AlGaN/GaN multiple quantum barrier (MQB) layers were introduced into the laser diode structure, which resulted in considerable improvement in lasing performances such as threshold current and slope efficiency. Asymmetric waveguide structure was used in order to improve the characteristics of laser diodes. Aluminum content in the n-cladding layer was varied in connection with the vertical beam divergence angle and COD level. By decreasing Al content in the n-cladding layer, the vertical divergence angle was reduced to 17 degree and the COD level was enhanced to over 300mW. The maximum output power reached as high as 470 mW, the highest value ever reported for the narrow-stripe GaN LDs. In addition, the fundamental transverse-mode operation was clearly demonstrated up to 500 mW-pulsed output power.
Light outcoupling enhancement from top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes made on a nano-sized stochastic texture surface (2014)

An effective method for enhancing the light outcoupling efficiency from top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs) with a nano-sized stochastic texture surface (NSTS) is suggested. The broadly distributed pitch and the randomly sized of islands in the NSTS enable the photons that are otherwise trapped to be emitted over the broad emission wavelength range. The NSTS-embedded TEOLEDs have wide angular-dependent emission characteristics and an enhanced external quantum efficiency (EQE). Theoretical and full-wave optical calculations were performed to understand the mechanisms of the efficiency enhancement. Optimized TEOLEDs achieved a 32% EQE enhancement compared with the reference devices without the NSTS.