gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Production of rubber from dandelion - a proof of concept for a new method of cultivation (2015)

Natural rubber is a biopolymer that is invaluable in our society. It is used in medical devices, tires, engines and many other consumer products, and so far no synthetic substance has been able to compete with its properties. Today, all natural rubber comes from the rubber tree, mainly grown in southeast Asia. Due to current threats to the rubber industry, finding an alternative source for natural rubber that can be grown in the Northern Hemisphere is vital. The Russian dandelion could be that option. However, previous experience tells us that there are great difficulties in growing the Russian dandelion in the field, so another method for cultivation has to be developed. In this project, dandelions have been cultivated in bioreactors with great success, indicating that this might be a method for the future. Protocols for sterile growth and for genetic transformation of dandelions have also been developed.
Primary Fibrinolysis Is Integral in the Pathogenesis of the Acute Coagulopathy of Trauma (2010)

Our results confirm the existence of PF in severely injured patients. It occurs early (<1 hour), and is associated with MT requirements, coagulopathy, and hemorrhage-related death. These data warrant renewed emphasis on the early diagnosis and treatment of fibrinolysis in this cohort.
Privacy protection without impairing personalization by using the extended system MASKS and the extended contextualized P3P privacy policies (2006)

Current privacy protection mechanisms are limited to provide privacy guarantees for Web data gathering. MASKS system provides user's anonymity and allowance for implicit data collection, although it lacks security for collecting explicit data. It does not allow browsing session by dividing cookies into different groups of interest. Project 3P introduces a mechanism to keep users aware of privacy policies while navigating through the sites. It offers low reliability for implicit data gathering. Thus, developing a system to combine an extended MASKS system and an extended P3P ensures existing qualities of both mechanisms and supplies each other's limitations. The extended MASKS system includes sessions in the masking proxy to enable browsing session creation. The extended P3P incorporates information about user's benefits by increasing his/her understanding on privacy practices. Running comparative tests with users allows an evaluation on advantages by using this new combined system. The results showed that the combined system provides users' navigation with higher reliability. Thus, the implementation of this system proves useful for providing privacy during Web browsing, without impeding data gathering.
Phase I Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Study of 17-(Allylamino)-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin (17AAG, NSC 330507), a Novel Inhibitor of Heat Shock Protein 90, in Patients with Refractory Advanced Cancers (2005)

17AAG doses between 10 and 295 mg/m2 are well tolerated. 17AAG pharmacokinetics is linear. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell HSP90 and HSP70 are uninformative pharmacodynamic markers. The dose recommended for future studies is 295 mg/m2 weekly x 3, repeated every 4 weeks.
Effects of Age on the Sensitivity of the Rat Lens to Hexanol in Vitro (1998)

AbstractThe Draize eye irritation test involves the injection of 0.1 ml of a test material into the conjunctival sac of young adult rabbits. A numerical scale is used to determine if the chemical is an irritating or nonirritating substance. This is the standard eye irritancy test used today. Aside from ethical concerns, and concerns related to the subjectivity of the measures, the Draize test fails to acknowledge whether there is a change in sensitivity of the eye to irritation as the subject ages. Some chemicals, particularly cosmetics and shampoos, are used throughout a human lifespan. A rat lens model of young (2.5-month) versus older (16-month) animals was used to show that there is a change in the sensitivity to a known irritant, hexanol, with age, and that recovery (repair of incurred damage) is also age dependent. The optics of the in vitro lens, tested using a specially developed Scanning Lens Monitor, are sensitive enough to show small variations in hexanol damage with various aged lenses. Lenses from 2.5- and 16-month-old rats showed 100% increases in focal length variability (optical focus), respectively, at 0.6 ± 0.7 and 10.0 ± 5.3 h after removal from a 2 h exposure to 100% hexanol. Recovery was seen only with the younger lenses at 46.8 ± 5.5 h.
Tuned Models of Peer Assessment in MOOCs (2013)

In massive open online courses (MOOCs), peer grading serves as a critical tool for scaling the grading of complex, open-ended assignments to courses with tens or hundreds of thousands of students. But despite promising initial trials, it does not always deliver accurate results compared to human experts. In this paper, we develop algorithms for estimating and correcting for grader biases and reliabilities, showing significant improvement in peer grading accuracy on real data with 63,199 peer grades from Coursera's HCI course offerings --- the largest peer grading networks analysed to date. We relate grader biases and reliabilities to other student factors such as student engagement, performance as well as commenting style. We also show that our model can lead to more intelligent assignment of graders to gradees.
Nitrogen-bonded triazole derivatives of boron: cyclotetrakis(triazolylboranes) (1991)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNitrogen-bonded triazole derivatives of boron: cyclotetrakis(triazolylboranes)C. P. Brock, A. L. Companion, L. D. Kock, and Kurt NiedenzuCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 4, 784–789Publication Date (Print):February 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 February 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00004a032https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00004a032research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views211Altmetric-Citations16LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
A Modified SRP-PHAT Functional for Robust Real-Time Sound Source Localization With Scalable Spatial Sampling (2010)

The Steered Response Power - Phase Transform (SRP-PHAT) algorithm has been shown to be one of the most robust sound source localization approaches operating in noisy and reverberant environments. However, its practical implementation is usually based on a costly fine grid-search procedure, making the computational cost of the method a real issue. In this letter, we introduce an effective strategy that extends the conventional SRP-PHAT functional with the aim of considering the volume surrounding the discrete locations of the spatial grid. As a result, the modified functional performs a full exploration of the sampled space rather than computing the SRP at discrete spatial positions, increasing its robustness and allowing for a coarser spatial grid. To this end, the Generalized Cross-Correlation (GCC) function corresponding to each microphone pair must be properly accumulated according to the defined microphone setup. Experiments carried out under different acoustic conditions confirm the validity of the proposed approach.
Construction of Knock-in Vector for the Production of Human Tissue Plasminogen Activator Protein on the Porcine Whey Acid Protein Gene Locus (2017)

The recombinant production of therapeutic proteins from transgenic animal is the major technology of animal biotechnology and is one of the biggest challenges in an efficient bioreactor in the pharmaceutical industry. The useful gene delivery into cells or animals is an important way to express the target gene in mammary glands. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is known to play an important role in the major enzyme responsible for blood clots breakdown. Because it works on the clotting system, tPA is used in clinical medicine to treat thrombolysis, such as pulmonary embolism, myocardial infraction and stroke. The objective of this study is a production of recombinant human tPA protein in the milk of porcine. For this study, we construct knock-in vector that human tPA gene is inserted into the exon 1 locus of porcine whey acid protein (pWAP) gene knock-out somatic cell by homologous recombination. Finally, establishment of tPA knock-in cell lines were confirmed by genomic PCR analysis and identification of karyotype. As a result, we established cell lines of pWAP knock-out expressing human tPA gene from porcine fibroblasts to apply somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Further study will be performed for the production of transgenic pigs.
Non-integer times frame rate up-conversion using reliable analysis of motion information (2016)

In this paper, a novel non-integer times frame rate up-conversion (NIFRUC) algorithm using reliable analysis of time-domain motion information is proposed. The proposed method can realize frame rate up-conversion (FRUC) of any fractional multiples based on double FRUC. In addition, in order to eliminate motion jerkiness and motion blurring, the proposed method makes full use of motion information to select the inter-frame where movement is faster as the interpolated position and gets interpolated frames by bilateral motion compensation interpolation. Also, in order to obtain more accuracy interpolated positions, a new scene detection scheme as well as the combination of the inter-frame motion speed and inter-frame correlation degree is applied. Experimental results confirm that the proposed method outperforms previous NIFRUC methods in terms of theory analysis, subjective mean opinion score and objective evaluation.
The anatomic rationale for transforaminal endoscopic interbody fusion: a cadaveric analysis (2016)

OBJECTIVE The authors describe a cadaveric analysis to determine the ideal dimensions and trajectory for considering endoscopic transforaminal interbody implantation. METHODS The soft tissues of 8 human cadavers were removed from L-1 to the sacrum, exposing the posterior bony elements. Facetectomies were performed bilaterally at each lumbar level with resection of the pars interarticularis, revealing the pedicles, nerve roots, and interbody disc space. Each level was digitally photographed with a marker for scale and evaluated with digital analysis software. The traversing and exiting nerve roots and pedicle margins were identified, and the distances between these structures and their relationships to the surrounding structures were documented. RESULTS The dimensions of 2 areas were measured: the working triangle and safe zone. The working triangle is the triangle between the exiting and traversing nerve roots above the superior margin of the inferior pedicle. The safe zone is the trapezoid bounded by the widths of the superior and inferior pedicles between the exiting and traversing nerve roots. The mean surface area for the working triangle was 1.83 cm(2), with L5-S1 having the largest area at 2.19 cm(2). The mean surface area of the safe zone was 1.19 cm(2), with L5-S1 having the largest area at 1.26 cm(2). At the medial border of the pedicle extending superiorly, there were no nerve structures within 1.19 cm at any level. On the lateral border of the pedicle, the exiting nerve root was closer superiorly, with the closest being 0.3 cm. CONCLUSIONS The working triangle is a relatively large area. The safe zone, just superior to the pedicle, is free of nerve structures. By utilizing the superior border of the pedicle, the disc space can be accessed within this safe zone without risk of injury to the nerves. A thorough understanding of foraminal anatomy is fundamental for considering how to safely access the disc space, thereby utilizing less invasive endoscopic techniques, and is an important first step in considering what shapes and sizes of interbody implants and retractors are feasible for use in the foramen.
A statistical view of software reliability and modeling (2015)

Reliability is the probability of success of a system within the mission time. There is a requirement of applying Reliability to a computer system. Software, hardware, and procedure reliability modeling and prediction have gained significant attention by the researchers over the past decades, a lot of research has been done towards hardware reliability, but relatively less research has been dedicated to studying the contribution of the human element of reliability engineering. This paper surveys what are the major keys for understanding software reliability, factors affecting software reliability, how we can design reliability in software and what are the best data collection techniques for reliability estimation. Research scholars will be benefited from this paper to understand reliability concept.
Metal processing with a high-power CO&lt;inf&gt;2&lt;/inf&gt;laser (1974)

Experimental studies involving laser welding, cutting, and surface heat treating have been performed over the past two years at power levels of 4-16 kW, using an electron-beam stabilized CW Co <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> laser [1], [2]. Deep penetration welds have been made in a variety of materials including carbon and stainless steels, titanium, and aluminum. In all cases, normalized welding speeds and penetrations were in good agreement with electron-beam welding data. Actual values of material penetration in 304 stainless steel were within 70 percent of those achieved under the same conditions with hard vacuum electron beams between 50-200 in/min. A limited amount of testing has been conducted on laser cutting. For most of the tests, an inert gas jet was used to clear the kerr material and shield the cut edges. Band-saw quality edges were obtained in materials such as Inconel 718. Edges were sufficiently free of oxide formations and irregularities to allow rewelding of the pieces with the resulting weld quality equal to that for the machined edge samples of the same material. For heat-treating applications, the laser beam was defocused to spot sizes variable from 3/8 to 1 in, and the resulting beam has been swept over the surface of heat-treatable iron and steel coated with an appropriate absorptive material. With this setup, hardening case depths of 0.005-0.05 in have been achieved with very little part distortion and surface upset; Hardness in excess of R <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</inf> 60 has been achieved. Hardening coverage rates of 100 in <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> /min have been achieved.
The Design of Wild Animals Monitoring System Based on 3G and Internet of Things (2013)

As the rapid growth of economy and population, the wild animals’ habitat is badly damaged by the development and utilization of wild animals living environment by people. To carry out the research on wildlife monitoring technology is of great significance. Along with the advent of the era of 3G, 3G transmission technology is more and more advanced, and the Android operating system is currently the most popular operating system. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing monitoring technology are summed up, then wireless multimedia sensor network monitoring technology solutions which is a collection of 3G technology, Android platform and Zigbee short-range wireless communication technology is put forward in this paper. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i12.3895 Full Text: PDF
Interactive Walkthroughs and Higher Order Global Illumination (1995)

The subtle lighting effects, which can be simulated by global illumination, are important to make virtual worlds look realistic. Higher order global illumina-tion methods, like Wavelet Radiosity, have proven to be very efficient, but do not directly lead to solu-tions that can be used by the hardware used to display walkthroughs. In this paper, we discuss methods to efficiently map these higher order radiosity solutions to representations suitable for hardware acceleration. Additionally, we discuss similar methods to deal with directionally-depended solutions generated for exam-ple by Wavelet Radiance algorithms.
Flexibly variable spectrum equalizer for spectral tilt compensation (2002)

A new variable-spectrum-equalizer (VSEQ) which combines the polarization dependence of dielectric film with magneto-optics is proposed and demonstrated. The VSEQ features flexible equalization capability with a simple drive-circuit maintaining wide dynamic-range (7 dB) and wide bandwidth (35 nm).
Influence of blood glucose on the expression of glucose transporter proteins 1 and 3 in the brain of diabetic rats (2007)

Chronic hyperglycemia downregulates GLUT(1) and GLUT(3) expression at both mRNA and protein levels in the rat brain, which is not due to the decrease of the density of microvessels. The downregulation of GLUT(1) and GLUT(3) expression might be the adaptive reaction of the body to prevent excessive glucose entering the cell that may lead to cell damage.
Frontal cationic curing of epoxy resins (2010)

Abstract We studied the frontal curing of trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TMPTGE) using two BF 3 ‐amine initiators and two fillers, kaolin and fumed silica. In the case of kaolin, the range of concentrations allowing for frontal polymerization to propagate was dependent on its heat absorption effect whereas in the case of silica it was a consequence of the rheological features of this additive. However, for both systems the velocity and front temperature show the same trends; in all cases front velocities were on the order of 1 cm/min with front temperatures about 200 °C. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 2000–2005, 2010
Design of Spiral-Cable Forearm Exoskeleton to Assist Supination for Hemiparetic Stroke Subjects (2022)

We present the development of a cable-based passive forearm exoskeleton that is designed to assist supination for hemiparetic stroke survivors. Our device uniquely provides torque sufficient for counteracting spasticity within a below-elbow apparatus. The mechanism consists of a spiral single-tendon routing embedded in a rigid forearm brace and terminated at the hand and upper-forearm. A spool with an internal releasable-ratchet mechanism allows the user to manually retract the tendon and rotate the hand to counteract involuntary pronation synergies due to stroke. We characterize the mechanism with benchtop testing and five healthy subjects, and perform a preliminary assessment of the exoskeleton with a single chronic stroke subject having minimal supination ability. The mechanism can be integrated into an existing active hand-opening orthosis to enable supination support during grasping tasks, and also allows for a future actuated supination strategy.
Discovery of a Novel Chemotype of Histone Lysine Methyltransferase EHMT1/2 (GLP/G9a) Inhibitors: Rational Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Co-crystal Structure (2019)

Since the discovery of compound BIX01294 over 10 years ago, only a very limited number of nonquinazoline inhibitors of H3K9-specific methyltransferases G9a and G9a-like protein (GLP) have been reported. Herein, we report the identification of a novel chemotype for G9a/GLP inhibitors, based on the underinvestigated 2-alkyl-5-amino- and 2-aryl-5-amino-substituted 3 H-benzo[ e][1,4]diazepine scaffold. Our research efforts resulted in the identification 12a (EML741), which not only maintained the high in vitro and cellular potency of its quinazoline counterpart, but also displayed improved inhibitory potency against DNA methyltransferase 1, improved selectivity against other methyltransferases, low cell toxicity, and improved apparent permeability values in both parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) and blood-brain barrier-specific PAMPA, and therefore might potentially be a better candidate for animal studies. Finally, the co-crystal structure of GLP in complex with 12a provides the basis for the further development of benzodiazepine-based G9a/GLP inhibitors.
Optimal Oxygenation of Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of the Oxygen Saturation Target Studies (2013)

RRs for mortality and necrotizing enterocolitis are significantly increased and severe retinopathy of prematurity significantly reduced in low compared to high oxygen saturation target infants. There are no differences regarding physiologic bronchopulmonary dysplasia, brain injury or patent ductus arteriosus between the groups. Based on these results, it is suggested that functional SpO2 should be targeted at 90-95% in infants with gestational age <28 weeks until 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. However, there are still several unanswered questions in this field.
Directly Functionalizable Surface Platform for Protein Arrays in Undiluted Human Blood Plasma (2013)

Protein arrays are a high-throughput approach for proteomic profiling, vital for achieving a greater understanding of biological systems, in addition to disease diagnostics and monitoring therapeutic treatments. In this work, zwitterionic carboxybetaine polymer (pCB) coated substrates were investigated as an array surface platform to enable convenient amino-coupling chemistry on a single directly functionalizable and unblocked film for the sensitive detection of target analytes from undiluted human blood plasma. Using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging sensor, the antibody immobilization conditions which provided excellent spot morphology and the largest antigen response were determined. It was found that pCB functionalization and the corresponding antigen detection both increased with pH and antibody concentration. Additionally, immobilization only required an aqueous buffer without the need for additives to improve spot quality. The nonspecific protein adsorption to undiluted human plasma on both the antibody immobilized pCB spots and the background were found to be about 9 and 6 ng/cm(2), respectively. A subsequent array consisting of three antibodies spotted onto pCB revealed little cross-reactivity for antigens spiked into the undiluted plasma. The low postfunctionalized nonfouling properties combined with antibody amplification showed similar sensitivities achievable with conventional spectroscopic SPR sensors and the same pCB films, but now with high-throughput capabilities. This represents the first demonstration of low fouling properties following antibody functionalization on protein arrays from undiluted human plasma and indicates the great potential of the pCB platform for high-throughput protein analysis.
Corrections to “Characterization of Hybrid InP-TriPleX Photonic Integrated Tunable Lasers Based on Silicon Nitride (Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/SiO<sub>2</sub>) Microring Resonators for Optical Coherent System” (2018)

Presents corrections to the paper, “Characterization of Hybrid InP-TriPleX photonic integrated tunable lasers based on silicon nitride (Si3N4/SiO2) microring resonators for optical coherent system,” (Lin, Y., et al), IEEE Photon. J., vol. 10, no. 3, Jun. 2018, Art. no. 1400108.