gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective formation of biphasic thin films of metal–organic frameworks by potential-controlled cathodic electrodeposition (2013)

Cathodic electrodeposition lends itself to the formation of biphasic metal–organic framework thin films at room temperature from single deposition baths using potential bias as the main user input. Depending on the applied potential, we selectively deposit two different phases as either bulk mixtures or bilayer films.
A dinuclear cyclometalated gold(iii)–phosphine complex targeting thioredoxin reductase inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo (2013)

A stable gold(III)–phosphine complex [(C⁁N⁁C)2Au2(μ-dppp)](CF3SO3)2 [Au3, HC⁁N⁁CH = 2,6-diphenylpyridine; dppp = bis(diphenylphosphino)propane] displays potent in vitro cytotoxicity towards various cancers with sub-micromolar range cytotoxic IC50 values, and is significantly more potent than its structural and iso-electronic platinum(II) analog [(C⁁N⁁N)2Pt2(μ-dppp)](CF3SO3)2 (HC⁁N⁁N = 6-phenyl-2,2′-bipyridine) and gold(III)–carbene complexes. Complex Au3 displays promising inhibition on tumor growth in animal models, and its acute and sub-chronic toxicities have been examined in mice and beagle dogs. Transcriptomic and connectivity map analyses have revealed that the transcriptional profile of Au3 is similar to those of inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and inducers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. As we found that Au3 is also a nanomolar inhibitor of TrxR, a model of ER stress-induced cell death mediated by inhibition of TrxR is proposed. The transcriptomic analysis also leads to the identification of TRAIL, a ligand for death receptor 5 (DR5), as a synergistic agent of the anti-tumor activity of Au3. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the gold(III) complex Au3 effectively inhibits tumor growth in vivo, and displays promising cytotoxicity towards cancer cells in association with the inhibition of TrxR, induction of ER stress and also a death-receptor-dependent apoptotic pathway.
XHX - A Framework for Optimally Secure Tweakable Block Ciphers from Classical Block Ciphers and Universal Hashing. (2017)

Tweakable block ciphers are important primitives for designing cryptographic schemes with high security. In the absence of a standardized tweakable block cipher, constructions built from classical block ciphers remain an interesting research topic in both theory and practice. Motivated by Mennink’s \(\widetilde{F}[2]\) publication from 2015, Wang et al. proposed 32 optimally secure constructions at ASIACRYPT’16, all of which employ two calls to a classical block cipher each. Yet, those constructions were still limited to n-bit keys and n-bit tweaks. Thus, applications with more general key or tweak lengths still lack support. This work proposes the XHX family of tweakable block ciphers from a classical block cipher and a family of universal hash functions, which generalizes the constructions by Wang et al. First, we detail the generic XHX construction with three independently keyed calls to the hash function. Second, we show that we can derive the hash keys in efficient manner from the block cipher, where we generalize the constructions by Wang et al.; finally, we propose efficient instantiations for the used hash functions.
The Far-Field Equatorial Array for Binaural Rendering (2021)

We present a method for obtaining a spherical harmonic representation of a sound field based on a microphone array along the equator of a rigid spherical scatterer. The two-dimensional plane wave de-composition of the incoming sound field is computed from the microphone signals. The influence of the scatterer is removed under the assumption of distant sound sources, and the result is converted to a spherical harmonic (SH) representation, which in turn can be rendered binaurally. The approach requires an order of magnitude fewer microphones compared to conventional spherical arrays that operate at the same SH order at the expense of not being able to accurately represent non-horizontally-propagating sound fields. Although the scattering removal is not perfect at high frequencies at low harmonic orders, numerical evaluation demonstrates the effectiveness of the approach.
Preparation of biologically active single-chain variable antibody fragments that target the HIV-1 gp120 V3 loop. (2012)

KD-247 is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the third hypervariable (V3) loop of gp120. It can efficiently neutralize a broad panel of clade B, but not non-clade B, HIV-1 isolates. To overcome this limitation, we are seeking to prepare genetically-engineered single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) of KD-247 that will have broader neutralizing activity against both clade B and non-clade B HIV-1 isolates. Initial attempts of optimizing the expression of KD-247 scFv have resulted in the formation of insoluble protein. Therefore, we have established purification protocols to recover, purify, and refold the KD-247 scFv from inclusion bodies. The protocol involved step-wise refolding of denatured scFv by dilution, dialysis, and on-column nickel-affinity purification. Monomeric scFv was further purified by size-exclusion chromatography. Using far UV circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy we confirmed the expected beta-sheet profile of the refolded KD-247 scFv. Importantly, the refolded KD-247 scFv showed neutralizing activity against replication-competent HIV-1 BaL and JR-FL Env pseudotyped HIV-1, at potency comparable to that of the native full-size KD-247 antibody. Ongoing studies focus on the application of this system in generating KD-247 scFv variants with the ability to neutralize clade B and non-clade B HIV-1 isolates.
Bruceoside-A, a novel antileukaemic quassinoid glycoside from Brucea javanica (1977)

The structure and stereochemistry (exclusive of the configuration of the methyl group at C-4) of bruceoside-A, a novel antileukaemic quassinoid glycoside isolated from Brucea javanica(Linn) Merr., have been established from chemical transformations, correlations, and spectral analyses.
Solution‐Processed Heterojunction Solar Cells Based on p‐type PbS Quantum Dots and n‐type Bi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> Nanocrystals (2011)

Bi2S3 nanocrystals are employed as an n-type, non-toxic, inorganic, solution-processed semiconductor in thin film solar cells. The first solution processed-inorganic p-n junction based on p-type PbS QDs and n-type Bi2S3 nanocrystals with both phases contributing to photocarrier generation is demonstrated. The reported devices show a power conversion efficiency of 1.6% for 860 nm PbS QDs and over 1% for 1300 nm PbS QDs.
Screening Patients With the Corneal Navigator (2005)

The use of the corneal navigator to screen various corneal topographies aids clinical diagnosis.
Multiple Description Video Coding Using Inter- and Intra-Description Correlation at Macro Block Level (2014)

A novel standard-compliant multiple description (MD) video codec is proposed in this paper, which aims to achieve effective redundancy allocation using inter- and intra-description correlation. The inter-description correlation at macro block (MB) level is applied to produce side information of different modes which is helpful for better side decoding quality. Furthermore, the intra-description correlation at MB level is exploited to design the adaptive skip mode for higher compression efficiency. The experimental results exhibit a better rate of side and central distortion performance compared with other relevant MDC schemes.
Expansion Sequencing: Spatially Precise <i>In Situ</i> Transcriptomics in Intact Biological Systems (2020)

Abstract: Methods for highly multiplexed RNA imaging are limited in spatial resolution, and thus in their ability to localize transcripts to nanoscale and subcellular compartments. We adapt expansion microscopy, which physically expands biological specimens, for long-read untargeted and targeted in situ RNA sequencing. We applied untargeted expansion sequencing (ExSeq) to mouse brain, yielding readout of thousands of genes, including splice variants and novel transcripts. Targeted ExSeq yielded nanoscale-resolution maps of RNAs throughout dendrites and spines in neurons of the mouse hippocampus, revealing patterns across multiple cell types; layer-specific cell types across mouse visual cortex; and the organization and position-dependent states of tumor and immune cells in a human metastatic breast cancer biopsy. Thus ExSeq enables highly multiplexed mapping of RNAs, from nanoscale to system scale. One Sentence Summary In situ sequencing of physically expanded specimens enables multiplexed mapping of RNAs at nanoscale, subcellular resolution.
An asynchronous low-power innovative network-On-chip including design-for-test capabilities (2009)

The demands of scalable, low latency and power efficient System-On-Chip interconnect cannot be satisfied only by point-to-point or shared-bus interconnects. By providing more bandwidth at reasonable power consumption, new communication infrastructures like NoCs seem promising, but are still limited by implementation issues. We present in this paper an Asynchronous Network-on- Chip architecture with two main innovations. Firstly, an automatic power regulation scheme is proposed to dynamically save leakage and dynamic power consumption. Secondly, due to the current lack of testing methodology for asynchronous logic, we propose a novel DfT solution to allow acceptance of the asynchronous NoC. The proposed architecture has been fully implemented in a STMicroelectronics CMOS 65 nm technology, integrated in a complex test-chip and fabricated.
Numerical and experimental evaluation of a new low-leakage labyrinthseal (1988)

The effectiveness of a recently developed leakage model for evaluating new design features of most seals is demonstrated. A preliminary assessment of the present stator groove feature shows that it gives approximately a 20 percent leakage reduction with no shaft speed effects. Also, detailed distributions of predicted streamlines, axial velocity, relative pressure and turbulence energy enhance one's physical insight. In addition, the interesting measured effect of axial position of the rotor/stator pair on leakage rate and stator wall axial pressure distribution is examined.
1480 nm two-cascaded highly efficient Raman fiber laser (2003)

Summary form only given. Lasers based on high P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-doped fibers can potentially have a higher efficiency than Raman fiber lasers (RFL) based on standard Ge-doped fibers. An increase of phosphorus content in the fiber core gives rise to an increase of the Raman gain coefficient. Despite a rise of optical losses, heavily P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-doped fibers enable one to develop extremely efficient Raman lasers. A two-cascaded Raman laser based on a P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-doped fiber with the frequency shift of 1330 cm/sup -1/ per cascade and with Bragg gratings written directly in the P/sub 2/O/sub 5/-doped fiber demonstrated the highest ever achieved efficiency in RFL.
Comparison Of Different Adaptive Algorithms For Stereophonic Acoustic Echo Cancellation (2015)

Publication in the conference proceedings of EUSIPCO, Tampere, Finland, 2000
Osteitis is Associated with P-Glycoprotein Overexpression in Patients with Chronic Sinusitis without Nasal Polyps (2014)

Increased osteitis burden as measured by either the KOS or the GOS is associated with increased P-gp membranous expression in CRS. Radiographic quantification of osteitis may therefore be used to identify patients with P-gp overexpression thereby providing a novel potential therapeutic target.
Refining Initial Points for K-Means Clustering (1998)

Practical approaches to clustering use an iterative procedure (e.g. K-Means, EM) which converges to one of numerous local minima. It is known that these iterative techniques are especially sensitive to initial starting conditions. We present a procedure for computing a refined starting condition from a given initial one that is based on an efficient technique for estimating the modes of a distribution. The refined initial starting condition allows the iterative algorithm to converge to a &quot;better&quot; local minimum. The procedure is applicable to a wide class of clustering algorithms for both discrete and continuous data. We demonstrate the application of this method to the popular K-Means clustering algorithm and show that refined initial starting points indeed lead to improved solutions. Refinement run time is considerably lower than the time required to cluster the full database. The method is scalable and can be coupled with a scalable clustering algorithm to address the large-scale cl...
Effect of delayed auditory feedback on normal speakers at two speech rates (2002)

This study investigated the effect of short and long auditory feedback delays at two speech rates with normal speakers. Seventeen participants spoke under delayed auditory feedback (DAF) at 0, 25, 50, and 200 ms at normal and fast rates of speech. Significantly two to three times more dysfluencies were displayed at 200 ms (p<0.05) relative to no delay or the shorter delays. There were significantly more dysfluencies observed at the fast rate of speech (p = 0.028). These findings implicate the peripheral feedback system(s) of fluent speakers for the disruptive effects of DAF on normal speech production at long auditory feedback delays. Considering the contrast in fluency/dysfluency exhibited between normal speakers and those who stutter at short and long delays, it appears that speech disruption of normal speakers under DAF is a poor analog of stuttering.
A Ternary Unification Framework for optimizing TCAM-based packet classification systems (2013)

Packet classification is the key mechanism for enabling many networking and security services. Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) has been the industrial standard for implementing high-speed packet classification because of its constant classification time. However, TCAM chips have small capacity, high power consumption, high heat generation, and large area size. This paper focuses on the TCAM-based Classifier Compression problem: given a classifier C, we want to construct the smallest possible list of TCAM entries T that implement C. In this paper, we propose the Ternary Unification Framework (TUF) for this compression problem and three concrete compression algorithms within this framework. The framework allows us to find more optimization opportunities and design new TCAM-based classifier compression algorithms. Our experimental results show that the TUF can speed up the prior algorithm TCAM Razor by twenty times or more and leads to new algorithms that improve compression performance over prior algorithms by an average of 13.7% on our largest real life classifiers.
Steps per wafer reduction for photolithographic tool productivity improvement (2002)

This paper describes progress at the IBM Microelectronics Division semiconductor fabricators to improve photolithographic (litho) tool productivity by reducing the number of exposure steps per wafer. A cost-based algorithm that guides device designers to aspect ratios which minimize litho processing costs is described. A similar algorithm which finds optimum chip matrices for various types of litho tools is also presented, while various options for improving chip matrixing are explored.
Applications of hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite thin film as a hole transport layer in CdTe thin film solar cells (2017)

We fabricate and characterize methylammonium lead halide perovskite film as a novel back contact to CdTe thin film solar cells. We prepare a ~500 nm perovskite film directly on a CdCl <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> -activated and Cu-doped CdTe polycrystalline film, and complete the device with Au back contact. Results of this novel back contact are compared with the performance of a Cu/Au back contact. Our investigation shows that incorporation of a thin perovskite layer before the back contact metallization reduces the back contact barrier effect, improving both FF and VOC of the solar cells. These improvements are consistent with improved passivation and a lower or negligible valence band offset between CdTe and the perovskite, especially with the incorporation of the Br in perovskite. Our best device shows FF improvement by ~3% with the highest FF of 78%, and solar cell efficiency increases by 5% when MAPb(I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.7</sub> Br <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0.3</sub> ) <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> is used as a hole transfer layer.
Intermediate-Band Solar Cells Employing Quantum Dots Embedded in an Energy Fence Barrier (2006)

Power efficiencies>60% have been predicted for idealized quantum dot (QD) intermediate band solar cells. This goal has not yet been realized, due in part to nonidealities that result in charge trapping followed by recombination of photocarriers in the QDs, and the lack of an optimal materials combination. To eliminate charge trapping, a p+-i-n+ cell employing QDs buried within a high band gap barrier layer is proposed and analyzed. The maximum solar power conversion efficiency under AM1.5 spectral radiation of an example GaAs-based photovoltaic cell employing 10-20 layers of InAs QDs surrounded by AlxGa1-xAs barriers in the junction built-in depletion region can be as high as 45%. Higher efficiencies are anticipated for InP-based cells. This represents a significant improvement over GaAs homojunction cells with maximum efficiencies of <25%.
Synthesis of Elongated Microcapsules (2011)

One of the factors that influence the effectiveness of self-healing in functional materials is the amount of liquid healing agents that can be delivered to the damaged area. The use of hollow tubes or fibers and the more sophisticated micro-vascular networks has been proposed as a way to increase the amount of healing agents that can be released when damage is inflicted. Although these systems might be effective in some specific applications, they are not practical for coatings applications. One possible practical way to increase the healing efficiency is to use microcapsules with high-aspect-ratios, or elongated microcapsules. It is understood that elongated microcapsules will be more efficient because they can release more healing agent than a spherical microcapsule when a crack is initiated in the coating. Although the potential advantage of using elongated microcapsules for self healing applications is clear, it is very difficult to make elongated microcapsules from an emulsion system because spherical microcapsules are normally formed due to the interfacial tension between the dispersed phase and the continuous phase. This paper describes the two methods that have been developed by the authors to synthesize elongated microcapsules. The first method involves the use of an emulsion with intermediate stability and the second involves the application of mechanical shear conditions to the emulsion.
Targeted Administration into the Suprachoroidal Space Using a Microneedle for Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment of the Eye (2012)

Injection into the suprachoroidal space using a microneedle offers a simple and minimally invasive way to target the delivery of drugs to the choroid and retina.
Biological Properties of Novel Antistaphylococcal Quinoline-Indole Agents (2003)

The antibacterial properties of novel quinoline-indole (QI) agents were examined. QI agents demonstrated potent bactericidal activities against Staphylococcus aureus, killing by lytic and nonlytic mechanisms. S. aureus mutants resistant to a lytic QI agent (SEP 155342) and a nonlytic QI agent (SEP 118843) arose at frequencies of 1.4 x 10(-9) and 1.2 x 10(-8), respectively, by selection at four times the MICs. Mutants resistant to QI agent SEP 155342 were unstable, but mutants resistant to QI agent SEP 118843 displayed stable resistance. Mutants resistant to QI agent SEP 118843 were not cross resistant to other inhibitors, including QI agent SEP 155342. Addition of QI agents SEP 118843 and SEP 155342 at four times the MIC caused nonspecific inhibition of several macromolecular biosynthetic pathways in S. aureus. Within 10 min, QI agents SEP 118843 and SEP 155342 both interfered with bacterial membrane integrity, as measured by uptake of propidium iodide. Agents from the two classes of the QI agents probably kill staphylococci by separate mechanisms which, nevertheless, both involve interference with cytoplasmic membrane function. Precise structure-activity relationships for the division of QI agents into two classes could not be determined. However, lytic activity was often associated with substitution of a basic amine at position 4 of the quinoline nucleus, whereas compounds with nonlytic activity usually contained an aromatic ring with or without a methoxy substituent at position 4. Nonlytic QI agents such as SEP 118843 may possess selective activity against the prokaryotic membrane since this compound failed to lyse mouse erythrocytes when it was added at a concentration equivalent to four times the MIC for S. aureus.
Gene Therapy in Mouse Models of Huntington Disease (2011)

Huntingtin, the protein that when mutated causes Huntington disease (HD), has many known interactors and participates in diverse cellular functions. Mutant Htt (mHtt) engages in a variety of aberrant interactions that lead to pathological gain of toxic functions as well as loss of normal functions. The broad symptomatology of HD, including diminished voluntary motor control, cognitive decline, and psychiatric disturbances, reflects the multifaceted neuropathology. Although currently available therapies for HD focus on symptom management, the autosomal dominant cause and the adult onset make this disease an ideal candidate for genetic intervention. A variety of gene therapy approaches have been tested in mouse models of HD, ranging from those aimed at ameliorating downstream pathology or replacing lost neuronal populations to more upstream strategies to reduce mHtt levels. Here the authors review the results of these preclinical trials.