gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Tensor scale-based image registration (2003)

Tangible solutions to image registration are paramount in longitudinal as well as multi-modal medical imaging studies. In this paper, we introduce tensor scale - a recently developed local morphometric parameter - in rigid image registration. A tensor scale-based registration method incorporates local structure size, orientation and anisotropy into the matching criterion, and therefore, allows efficient multi-modal image registration and holds potential to overcome the effects of intensity inhomogeneity in MRI. Two classes of two-dimensional image registration methods are proposed - (1) that computes angular shift between two images by correlating their tensor scale orientation histogram, and (2) that registers two images by maximizing the similarity of tensor scale features. Results of applications of the proposed methods on proton density and T2-weighted MR brain images of (1) the same slice of the same subject, and (2) different slices of the same subject are presented. The basic superiority of tensor scale-based registration over intensity-based registration is that it may allow the use of local Gestalts formed by the intensity patterns over the image instead of simply considering intensities as isolated events at the pixel level. This would be helpful in dealing with the effects of intensity inhomogeneity and noise in MRI.
Antibody Epitope Mapping Using SPOT™ Peptide Arrays (2009)

Information at the amino acid level about the epitopes of proteins recognized by antibodies or antibody fragments is important for their use as biological and diagnostic tools, therapeutic molecules, and for understanding molecular recognition events in general. The use of chemically prepared arrays of short peptides has emerged as a powerful tool to identify and characterize antibody epitopes. In this chapter the SPOT synthesis technique is described in detail. In addition, three different types of peptide libraries and their applications are described: protein sequence-derived scans of overlapping peptides (peptide scans) used to locate epitopes within the protein sequence, truncation libraries used to identify the minimal peptide length required for antibody binding, and complete substitutional analyses to identify the key residues important for antibody binding.
New data models and languages---the challenge (1992)

New data models and languages have been the focus of attention in database research in the last decade. The object-oriented paradigm is a convenient vehicle for describing this research, its accomplishments, and for considering which directions are now interesting. This paper presents some concepts of object-oriented databases, and then considers recent interesting developments concerning query languages, object identities, views and meta-data.
Combined Effects of Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride and Argon Laser on Sound Root Surface Morphology: An <i>In Vitro</i> Scanning Electron Microscopy Study (1999)

Combining APF with AL irradiation may create a more reactive surface that possesses fluoride-rich mineral deposits and protects the underlying root surface from cariogenic challenges.
Inhibition of amyloid β‐peptide production by blockage of β‐secretase cleavage site of amyloid precursor protein (2007)

Amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta) is implicated as the major causative agent in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Abeta is produced by the processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by BACE1 (beta-secretase) and gamma-secretase. Many inhibitors have been developed for the secretases. However, the inhibitors will interfere with the processing of not only APP but also of other secretase substrates. In this study, we describe the development of inhibitors that prevent production of Abeta by specific binding to the beta-cleavage site of APP. We used the hydropathic complementarity (HC) approach for the design of short peptide inhibitors. Some of the HC peptides were bound to the substrate peptide (Sub W) corresponding to the beta-cleavage site of APP and blocked its cleavage by recombinant human BACE1 (rhBACE1) in vitro. In addition, HC peptides specifically inhibited the cleavage of Sub W, and not affecting other BACE1 substrates. Chemical modification allowed an HC peptide (CIQIHF) to inhibit the processing of APP as well as the production of Abeta in the treated cells. Such novel APP-specific inhibitors will provide opportunity for the development of drugs that can be used for the prevention and treatment of AD with minimal side effects.
The glorification of man (2002)

The effect of computerized mammography reminders can be sustained in a second year of continued intervention, but individual practice sites and organizations vary in their responsiveness to the intervention. Strategies to promote periodic and repetitive procedure use must identify and address time-varying barriers to their effectiveness.
An overview of body sensor networks in enabling pervasive healthcare and assistive environments (2010)

The use of sensor networks for healthcare, well-being, and working in extreme environments has long roots in the engineering sector in medicine and biology community. With the growing needs in ubiquitous communications and recent advances in very-low-power wireless technologies, there has been considerable interest in the development and application of wireless networks around humans. With the maturity of wireless sensor networks, body area networks (BANs), and wireless BANs (WBANs), recent efforts in promoting the concept of body sensor networks (BSNs) aim to move beyond sensor connectivity to adopt a system-level approach to address issues related to biosensor design, interfacing, and embodiment, as well as ultra low-power processing / communication, power scavenging, autonomic sensing, data mining, inferencing, and integrated wireless sensor microsystems. As a result, the system architecture based on WBAN and BSN is becoming a widely accepted method of organization for ambulatory and ubiquitous monitoring systems. This review paper presents an up-to-date report of the current research and enabling applications and addresses some of the challenges and implementation issues.
LEDPatNet19: Automated Emotion Recognition Model based on Nonlinear LED Pattern Feature Extraction Function using EEG Signals (2021)

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals collected from human brains have generally been used to diagnose diseases. Moreover, EEG signals can be used in several areas such as emotion recognition, driving fatigue detection. This work presents a new emotion recognition model by using EEG signals. The primary aim of this model is to present a highly accurate emotion recognition framework by using both a hand-crafted feature generation and a deep classifier. The presented framework uses a multilevel fused feature generation network. This network has three primary phases, which are tunable Q-factor wavelet transform (TQWT), statistical feature generation, and nonlinear textural feature generation phases. TQWT is applied to the EEG data for decomposing signals into different sub-bands and create a multilevel feature generation network. In the nonlinear feature generation, an S-box of the LED block cipher is utilized to create a pattern, which is named as Led-Pattern. Moreover, statistical feature extraction is processed using the widely used statistical moments. The proposed LED pattern and statistical feature extraction functions are applied to 18 TQWT sub-bands and an original EEG signal. Therefore, the proposed hand-crafted learning model is named LEDPatNet19. To select the most informative features, ReliefF and iterative Chi2 (RFIChi2) feature selector is deployed. The proposed model has been developed on the two EEG emotion datasets, which are GAMEEMO and DREAMER datasets. Our proposed hand-crafted learning network achieved 94.58%, 92.86%, and 94.44% classification accuracies for arousal, dominance, and valance cases of the DREAMER dataset. Furthermore, the best classification accuracy of the proposed model for the GAMEEMO dataset is equal to 99.29%. These results clearly illustrate the success of the proposed LEDPatNet19.
Patterning polyacrylamide hydrogels by soft lithography (2005)

Because of the chemical flexibility and broad range of applications of hydrogels, the direct patterning of biocompatible gel structures certainly deserves to be fully explored. This paper describes a method of creating hydrogel patterns of poly(acrylamide) by soft lithography. Room-temperature moulding is employed in order to directly transfer microstructures into poly(acrylamide), in a parallel manner up to a resolution of 2 µm. During the imprinting process, the gel at the liquid state flows into the shape of the stamp, driven by a combination of spontaneous capillarity and pressure-induced transport, without using any photon-beam, solvent, and chemical surface treatment. After the polymerization of the system, a negative copy of the stamp pattern is therefore frozen on the target material surface.
Tailoring structural and magnetic properties of Mn<sub>3−<i>x</i> </sub>Fe<sub> <i>x</i> </sub>Ga alloys towards multifunctional applications (2018)

This study investigated the structural and magnetic properties of Mn<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub> Fe <sub><i>x</i></sub> Ga alloys (<i>x</i> = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1) under different heat-treatment conditions. A tetragonal structure was observed in samples that were heat treated at 623 K for three days followed by quenching in ice water. These tetragonal alloys present large coercive fields in the range 0.8-5 kOe and low saturation magnetization, and have great potential for application in spin-transfer torque-based devices. A hexagonal structure was observed in samples subjected to heat treatment at 883 K for three days following quenching in ice water. A moderate decrease in the coercive field has been observed for the hexagonal alloys compared with those with a tetragonal structure. However, the Mn<sub>3-<i>x</i></sub> Fe <sub><i>x</i></sub> Ga alloys with a hexagonal structure exhibit other attractive magnetic properties, including collinear and non-collinear magnetic properties, holding high promise for technological applications. A face-centred-cubic (f.c.c.) structure was observed when subjected to annealing at 1073 K for three days followed by quenching in ice water. In contrast to the tetragonal and hexagonal structures, all f.c.c. alloys exhibit antiferromagnetic behaviour. This versatile material can display a wide range of multi-functionalities attributed to its tuneable crystal structure. This investigation will guide the design of multiple structures of these materials in order to utilise the wide functionalities for practical applications.
The Different Hues of Lipid Rafts (2002)

Segregation of lipids and proteins of the plasma membrane into microdomains called lipid rafts is known to be important for many biological processes including signal transduction and pathogen invasion. In his Perspective,
 van Meer
 explains new findings (
 Zacharias
 et al.) that reveal how lipid moieties attached to proteins instruct the proteins to move into different types of lipid rafts.
A Framework for Intelligence and Cortical Function Based on Grid Cells in the Neocortex (2018)

Abstract How the neocortex works is a mystery. In this paper we propose a novel framework for understanding its function. Grid cells are neurons in the entorhinal cortex that represent the location of an animal in its environment. Recent evidence suggests that grid cell-like neurons may also be present in the neocortex. We propose that grid cells exist throughout the neocortex, in every region and in every cortical column. They define a location-based framework for how the neocortex functions. Whereas grid cells in the entorhinal cortex represent the location of one thing, the body relative to its environment, we propose that cortical grid cells simultaneously represent the location of many things. Cortical columns in somatosensory cortex track the location of tactile features relative to the object being touched and cortical columns in visual cortex track the location of visual features relative to the object being viewed. We propose that mechanisms in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus that evolved for learning the structure of environments are now used by the neocortex to learn the structure of objects. Having a representation of location in each cortical column suggests mechanisms for how the neocortex represents object compositionality and object behaviors. It leads to the hypothesis that every part of the neocortex learns complete models of objects and that there are many models of each object distributed throughout the neocortex. The similarity of circuitry observed in all cortical regions is strong evidence that even high-level cognitive tasks are learned and represented in a location-based framework.
Reduced caliber of the internal carotid artery: a normal finding with ipsilateral absence or hypoplasia of the A1 segment. (1996)

There is an association of unilaterally absent or hypoplastic A1 segments of the anterior cerebral artery with ipsilateral decrease in ICA caliber, and this can be seen on MR angiograms.
A low-cost fabrication technique for symmetrical and asymmetrical layer-by-layer photonic crystals at submillimeter-wave frequencies (2002)

This paper presents a rapid, versatile, and practical technique for the manufacture of layer-by-layer photonic crystals in the millimeter- and submillimeter-wave regions. Mechanical machining is used to derive a rugged layer-by-layer structure from high-resistivity silicon wafers. Unlike traditional anisotropic etching techniques, this method does not rely on any particular crystal orientation of the substrate and allows greater flexibility in the photonic crystal design. Automatic alignment of alternating layers is achieved via careful placement of the separation cuts. Using this ability, two configurations of photonic crystals are realized and their RF characteristics are measured and presented. Firstly, a symmetrical photonic crystal is studied as an initial demonstration of the technique. This is followed by an asymmetrical example, where a different frequency response is observed for the two orthogonal polarizations of the incident radiation. Two measurement techniques are used to characterize the photonic crystals and the merits of each are discussed. Theoretical predictions are seen to agree well with the measured behavior.
Bis[1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane]dihydrogenhydridoiron(II) tetraphenylborate as a model for the function of nitrogenases (1993)

The trihydride complex [FeH3(dmpe)2]+(dmpe = Me2PCH2CH2PMe2) is best represented as [FeH(H2)(dmpe)2]+, with the H–H separation in the H2 being ca. 0.81 Å. The H2 can be replaced by N2, CO, MeCN, MeNC and C2H4. The dinitrogen complex [FeH(N2)(dmpe)2]+ may be deprotonated to yield the solutionstable, trigonal-bipyramidal species [Fe(N2)(dmpe)2], which can be reprotonated by HCl to yield [FeCl2(dmpe)2], N2, H2 and NH3. The crystal structures of [FeH(H2)(dmpe)2]BPh4 and [FeH(N2)(dmpe)2]BPh4 have been determined.
A Survey of Applications and Human Motion Recognition with Microsoft Kinect (2015)

Microsoft Kinect, a low-cost motion sensing device, enables users to interact with computers or game consoles naturally through gestures and spoken commands without any other peripheral equipment. As such, it has commanded intense interests in research and development on the Kinect technology. In this paper, we present, a comprehensive survey on Kinect applications, and the latest research and development on motion recognition using data captured by the Kinect sensor. On the applications front, we review the applications of the Kinect technology in a variety of areas, including healthcare, education and performing arts, robotics, sign language recognition, retail services, workplace safety training, as well as 3D reconstructions. On the technology front, we provide an overview of the main features of both versions of the Kinect sensor together with the depth sensing technologies used, and review literatures on human motion recognition techniques used in Kinect applications. We provide a classification of motion recognition techniques to highlight the different approaches used in human motion recognition. Furthermore, we compile a list of publicly available Kinect datasets. These datasets are valuable resources for researchers to investigate better methods for human motion recognition and lower-level computer vision tasks such as segmentation, object detection and human pose estimation.
Multichannel diffuse optical Raman tomography for bone characterization in vivo: a phantom study (2012)

Raman spectroscopy is used to gather information on the mineral and organic components of bone tissue to analyze their composition. By measuring the Raman signal of bone through spatially offset Raman spectroscopy the health of the bone can be determined. We've customized a system with 8 collection channels that consist of individual fibers, which are coupled to separate spectrometers and cooled CCDs. This parallel detection system was used to scan gelatin phantoms with Teflon inclusions of two sizes. Raman signals were decoupled from the autofluorescence background using channel specific polynomial fitting. Images with high contrast to background ratios of Raman yield and accurate spatial resolution were recovered using a model-based diffuse tomography approach.
The dependence of radiofrequency induced pacemaker lead tip heating on the electrical conductivity of the medium at the lead tip (2011)

Radiofrequency induced pacemaker lead tip heating is one of the main reasons magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is contraindicated for patients with pacemakers. The objective of this work was to evaluate the dependence of pacemaker lead tip heating during MRI scanning on the electrical conductivity of the medium surrounding the pacemaker lead tip. The effect of conductivity was measured using hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid, and saline with conductivities ranging from 0 to 3 S/m which spans the range of human tissue conductivity. The maximum lead tip heating observed in polyacrylic acid was 50.4 °C at 0.28 S/m, in hydroxyethyl cellulose the maximum was 36.8 °C at 0.52 S/m, and in saline the maximum was 12.5 °C at 0.51 S/m. The maximum power transfer theorem was used to calculate the relative power deposited in the solution based on the characteristic impedance of the pacemaker lead and test solution impedance. The results demonstrate a strong correlation between the relative power deposited and pacemaker lead tip heating for hydroxyethyl cellulose and saline solutions. Maximum power deposition occurred when the impedance of the solution matched the pacemaker lead impedance. Pacemaker lead tip heating is dependent upon the electrical conductivity of the solution at the lead tip and should be considered when planning in vitro gel or saline experiments.
Medicamentos y prolongación del intervalo QT (2016)

Centro de Información de Medicamentos, Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital San Juan de Dios, CCSS. Vol 5 Num 7
Fast Server Deprovisioning through Scatter-Gather Live Migration of Virtual Machines (2014)

Traditional metrics for live migration of virtual machines (VM) include total migration time, downtime, network overhead, and application degradation. In this paper, we introduce a new metric, "eviction time", defined as the time to evict the entire state of a VM from the source host. Eviction time determines how quickly the source host can be taken offline, or the freed resources re-purposed for other VMs. In traditional approaches for live VM migration, such as pre-copy and post-copy, eviction time is equal to the total migration time, because the source and destination hosts are coupled for the duration of the migration. Eviction time increases if the destination host is slow to receive the incoming VM, such as due to insufficient memory or network bandwidth, thus tying up the source host. We present a new approach, called "Scatter-Gather" live migration, which reduces the eviction time when the destination host is resource constrained. The key idea is to decouple the source and the destination hosts. The source scatters the VM's memory state quickly to multiple intermediaries (hosts or middleboxes) in the cluster. Concurrently, the destination gathers the VM's memory from the intermediaries using a variant of post-copy VM migration. We have implemented a prototype of Scatter-Gather in the KVM/QEMU platform. In our evaluations, Scatter-Gather reduces the VM eviction time by up to a factor of 6 while maintaining comparable total migration time against traditional pre-copy and post-copy for a resource constrained destination.
Ultrasonographic visualization of balloon placement for uterine tamponade in massive primary postpartum hemorrhage (2008)

This case report is the first documentation of ultrasonographic confirmation of positioning of a Sengstaken-Blakemore balloon catheter (SBEC) in the management of massive postpartum hemorrhage. The sonongraphic position, while incorrect according to conventional use of uterine balloon catheters, raises the possibility of an alternative mechanism of action of the balloon: not uterine cavity tamponade but hydrostatic pressure directly around the uterine arteries, a mechanism akin to mechanical uterine artery embolization or ligation. If this hypothesis is correct, it not only elucidates how balloon tamponade works but also challenges current thinking on how postpartum hemorrhage should be managed effectively. Future studies are required to corroborate this hypothesis and we believe that sonographic confirmation of balloon catheter location should be an integral part of uterine balloon tamponade in women with massive primary postpartum hemorrhage.
A Comparison of Postprandial and Preprandial Administration of Insulin Aspart in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes (2003)

Although preprandial administration of insulin aspart is generally preferable, this study shows that in children and adolescents, postprandial administration of insulin aspart is a safe and effective alternative.
An Integrated Machine Learning Framework for Optimizing Unconventional Resources Development (2019)

Implementations described and claimed herein provide systems and methods for developing resources from an unconventional reservoir. In one implementation, raw reservoir data for the unconventional reservoir is obtained. The raw reservoir data includes geology data, completion data, development data, and production data. The raw reservoir data is transformed to transformed data. The raw reservoir data is transformed to the transformed data based on a transformation from a set of one or more raw variable to a set of one or more transformed variables. The set of one or more transformed variables is statistically uncorrelated. Resource development data is extracted from the transformed data. Performance analytics are generated for the unconventional reservoir using the resource development data. The performance analytics are generated through ensemble machine learning. The unconventional reservoir is developed based on the performance analytics.