gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Which Way Are You Going? Imitative Decision Learning for Path Forecasting in Dynamic Scenes (2019)

Path forecasting is a pivotal step toward understanding dynamic scenes and an emerging topic in the computer vi- sion field. This task is challenging due to the multimodal nature of the future, namely, given a partial history, there is more than one plausible prediction. Yet, the state-of-the-art methods seem not fully responsive to this innate variabil- ity. Hence, how to better foresee the forthcoming trajectory in dynamic scenes has to be more thoroughly pursued. To this end, we propose a novel Imitative Decision Learning (IDL) approach. It delves deeper into the key that inher- ently characterizes the multimodality – the latent decision. The proposed IDL first infers the distribution of such latent decisions by learning from moving histories. A policy is then generated by taking the sampled latent decision into account to predict the future. Different plausible upcoming paths corresponds to each sampled latent decision. This ap- proach significantly differs from the mainstream literature that relies on a predefined latent variable to extrapolate di- verse predictions. In order to augment the understanding of the latent decision and resultant mutimodal future, we in- vestigate their connection through mutual information op- timization. Moreover, the proposed IDL integrates spatial and temporal dependencies into one single framework, in contrast to handling them with two-step settings. As a re- sult, our approach enables simultaneous anticipation of the paths of all pedestrians in the scene. We assess our pro- posal on the large-scale SAP, ETH and UCY datasets. The experiments show that IDL introduces considerable margin improvements with respect to recent leading studies.
On the progress of developing groupware to support notetaking (1996)

Teachers traditionally write on blackboards and similar devices while delivering their lectures. Often the majority of each student's energy is then devoted to copying what the instructor has written into his/her notebook. Only occasionally does a student find time to listen to the lecture, think about the associated ideas, and appropriately annotate the copied notes. The difficulties stemming from the need to copy a large amount of arise in classes taught in many academic disciplines. However, the problem is perhaps most pronounced in science and mathematics classes where a large amount of information, usually expressed using potentially confusing symbols and notation, is frequently presented very rapidly. A mathematics teacher who is very familiar with the notation of the discipline may very quickly write a formula like: [EQUATION] on the blackboard, but students may require several minutes to copy it. Unfortunately, while the students are busy copying the formula they are often distracted from thinking about the instructor's discussion of its significance. A recent article in the Chronicle of Higher Education summarizes the problem with the following comment made by a student at Cornell University: In some classes, you're so busy trying to write down what the professors say that you miss half of the information [Collison 1992]. Statements like this are quite common and served as a primary motivation for our system design.
Insights into the immuno-pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (2019)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical syndrome associated with oxygenation failure resulting from a direct pulmonary or indirect systemic insult. It is a complex etiological phenomenon involving an array of immune cells acting in a delicate balance between pathogen clearance and immunopathology. There is emerging evidence of the involvement of different immune cell types in ARDS pathogenesis. This includes polarization of alveolar macrophages (AMs), neutrophil netosis, the pro-inflammatory response of T helper 17 subsets, and the anti-inflammatory and regenerative role of T regulatory cell subsets. Knowledge of these pathogenic mechanisms has led to translational opportunities, for example, research in the use of methylprednisolone, DNAse, aspirin, keratinocyte growth factor and in the development of stem cell therapy for ARDS. Discovering subgroups of patients with ARDS afflicted with homogenous pathologic mechanisms can provide prognostic and/or predictive insight that will enable precision medicine. Lastly, new high dimensional immunomic technologies are promising tools in evaluating the host immune response in ARDS and will be discussed in this review.
The role of the Xist 5’ m6A region and RBM15 in X chromosome inactivation (2020)

<b>Background</b>: X chromosome inactivation in mammals is regulated by the non-coding (nc) RNA, Xist, which represses the chromosome from which it is transcribed. High levels of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification occur within Xist exon I, close to the 5' end of the transcript, and also further 3', in Xist exon VII. The m6A modification is catalysed by the METTL3/14 complex that is directed to specific targets, including Xist, by the RNA binding protein RBM15/15B. m6A modification of Xist RNA has been reported to be important for Xist-mediated gene silencing. <b>Methods</b>: We use CRISPR/Cas9 mediated mutagenesis to delete sequences around the 5' m6A region in interspecific XX mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Following induction of Xist RNA expression, we assay chromosome silencing using allelic RNA-seq and Xist m6A distribution using m6A-seq. Additionally, we use Xist RNA FISH to analyse the effect of deleting the 5' m6A region on the function of the endogenous Xist promoter. We purify epitope tagged RBM15 from mESCs, and then apply MS/MS analysis to define the RBM15 interactome. <b>Results</b>: We show that a deletion encompassing the entire Xist 5' m6A region results in a modest reduction in Xist-mediated silencing, and that the 5' m6A region overlaps essential DNA elements required for activation of the endogenous Xist promoter. Deletion of the Xist A-repeat, to which RBM15 binds, entirely abolishes deposition of m6A in the Xist 5' m6A region without affecting the modification in exon VII. We show that in mESCs, RBM15 interacts with the m6A complex, the SETD1B histone modifying complex, and several proteins linked to RNA metabolism. <b>Conclusions</b>: Our findings support that RBM15 binding to the Xist A-repeat recruits the m6A complex to the 5' Xist m6A region and that this region plays a role in Xist-mediated chromosome silencing.
Time-reversal space-time coding for doubly-selective channels (2006)

We consider the transmission of space-time block codes (STBC) over doubly-selective channels, which are encountered in highly mobile environments or high-frequency (HF) communications. In particular, we propose two extensions of time-reversal STBC with superior performance under these fast-fading conditions, and compare these schemes for various decision-feedback equalizers. The tradeoffs between performance and complexity are illustrated, and simulation results for the severely doubly-selective HF-channel corroborate our analysis
A History of Language (1999)

Steven Roger Fischer's fascinating book charts the history of communication from the time before human language was conceived through to the media explosion of the present day. Describing modes of communication between whales, birds, insects and primates and suggesting the first contexts in which the concept of 'language' might be applied, Fischer moves from the early abilities of Homo erectus to the spread of languages worldwide, analyzing the effect of the development of writing along the way. With the founding of the science of linguistics in the nineteenth century, the nature of language first came to be understood; Fischer charts the evolution of linguists' insights and the relationship of language to social change into mid-1900s. Taking into account the rise of pidgin, Creole, jargon and slang, he raises provocative questions about literature's - and literacy's - relationship to language. Finally, touching on the effects of radio, television, propaganda and advertising, Fischer looks to the future, asking how electronic media are daily reshaping the world's languages and suggesting a radical reinterpretation of what language really is.
A Bad Book (2010)

A Bad Book Terry Caesar Bad novels, like unhappy families, are bad in their own ways. Take Herman Melville’s Pierre (1852)—so extravagantly mannered as to be barely readable, and yet so exquisitely conceived, so archly comic that you can emerge from its pages at last and think that the whole assemblage is pretty good; somehow the fact that the book is bad becomes either irrelevant or else important in a whole new way. Or consider Theodore Dreiser's The Genius (1915). I taught it once, and recalled to the class T.S. Eliot's great judgment of Henry James: "a mind so fine that no idea could violate it." Dreiser, we might venture, had a mind so crude any idea could violate it. And yet who could not somehow honor his wooden conceits as well as lumpish sentences? Not H. L. Mencken, who both loved them and loved to lambast them. Not even my students (though all were relieved to move on with the syllabus). Of course, off as well as on the syllabus, most novels are bad. Bad, that is, in the words of the celebrated adage of the science fiction writer Theodore Sturgeon, "ninety percent of everything is crud." Their characters are dull, their themes hackneyed, their narratives derivative. They're scarcely bad in their own ways. What else to say? Off the syllabus: nothing. On the syllabus: plenty. To me, the most interesting examples of badness take place within approved academic discourses. Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), for one example, is wondrously bad: stylistically precious, lavishly sentimental, ludicrous of characterization (poor Janie), incoherent of theme (poor Janie, who yet manages to all but literally kill two men). But the great thing about the novel is that none of this matters! Whether from the point of view of feminism or African American culture, Their Eyes is a damn good book. How churlish now not so much to disagree as to intervene with other considerations altogether! Indeed, I feel so bad right now that I'm prepared to admit it's me that's bad, not Hurston. I should be picking on somebody who has either a more secure reputation or none at all. Can we conclude today that there are no more bad books, only bad readers? Such readers don't know how to make even the worst books productive. Making them productive won't make them better. It will just take the whole category of good vs. bad off the seminar table, on which are stacked confident piles of Their Eyes. Terry Caesar San Antonio, Texas Copyright © 2009 American Book Review
Interactions of Peptide Coated Gold Nanoparticles with Spike Protein of the SARS-CoV-2: A Basis for Design of a Simple and Rapid Detection Tool (2020)

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic which not only created a situation of dealing with public health emergency but also triggered the financial crisis of international concern. The current situation demands rapid, convenient and reliable diagnosis of the disease to downregulate its spread. Primary method of diagnosis presently being used, such as nucleic acid testing (RT-PCR), CT scans etc. involve time-consuming advanced machinery for imaging/ RNA replication and highly skilled technicians which could be only done in a laboratory set-up. A rapid, simple yet selective naked eye detection methodology that does not require any advanced instrumental techniques is highly desirable. In this study, we report computational results which could form the basis of a simple and rapid strategy for the detection of SARS-Cov-2 using peptide (screened from angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor of host cell) functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs). This is based on the preferential binding of viral spike (S) protein to ACE2 receptor situated on the surface of the host cell membrane by which the virus gains access to the host cell. The interaction of peptide coated GNPs with spike protein has been investigated using coarse grained molecular dynamic simulations. The potential of mean force calculation of spike protein confirmed strong binding between peptide and receptor binding domain (RBD) of spike protein. The results presented here demonstrate the potential of this peptide coated GNPs-based system in the development of convenient sensors for the clinical diagnosis.
Autoimmune inner ear disease: therapy. (1989)

Sixty-six patients with this disease have been treated to date with cyclophosphamide and prednisolone resulting in significant improvement in hearing. In some patients the vestibular compartment may be involved as well, but the clinical pattern is significantly different enough from Meniere's disease to distinguish it by the careful historian. The cornerstone of treatment is cyclophosphamide, abetted by prednisolone. A test of treatment is to date the best method of determining who to treat for cure.
Fine-grain distributed shared memory on clusters of workstations (1998)

Shared memory, one of the most popular models for programming parallel platforms, is becoming ubiquitous both in low-end workstations and high-end servers. With the advent of low-latency networking hardware, clusters of workstations strive to offer the same processing power as high-end servers for a fraction of the cost. In such environments, shared memory has been limited to page-based systems that control access to shared memory using the memory&apos;s page protection to implement shared memory coherence protocols. Unfortunately, false sharing and fragmentation problems force such systems to resort to weak consistency shared memory models that complicate the shared memory programming model.
Detecting and Quantifying the Adventitious Presence of Transgenic Seeds in Safflower, Carthamus tinctorius L. (2008)

Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) is currently being developed as a platform for the production of novel proteins. Methods for detecting and quantifying transgenic safflower are needed to ensure seed quality and to monitor for its adventitious presence. We developed and compared three methods of assaying for transgenic safflower presence in conventional seedlots: field bioassays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). Limits for reliable quantification for both ELISA and Q-PCR are approximately 0.1%, although levels at least as low as 0.02% can be detected by Q-PCR. Levels of quantification for the field bioassay are limited only by space and resources available. Multiple sampling methods to detect and quantify transgenic safflower presence at levels lower than 0.1% were used on field collected samples from a pollen outcrossing experiment to quantify the adventitious presence of transgenic safflower. Taking into account the potential utility and relative advantages or disadvantages of each detection method, it is recommended that the initial testing for the adventitious presence of transgenic seed be carried out using an antibody-based test if available and that Q-PCR-based assays to quantify transgenic proportion be used when it is necessary to identify specific transgenic constructs or if antibody-based assays are not readily available.
Kinetic Stabilization of Microtubule Dynamics at Steady State in Vitro by Substoichiometric Concentrations of Tubulin-Colchicine Complex (1995)

We have analyzed the effects of tubulin-colchicine (TC)-complex on the dynamic instability behavior of bovine brain microtubules at steady state in vitro using video microscopy. Incorporation of low numbers of TC-complexes per microtubule strongly suppressed dynamics at the plus ends by reducing the rate and extent of growing and shortening and by increasing the time microtubules spent in an attenuated state, neither growing nor shortening detectably. In addition, TC-complex strongly suppressed the catastrophe frequency and increased the rescue frequency. At low concentrations (0.02-0.05 microM), TC-complex suppressed dynamics without reducing the polymer mass or the mean microtubule length. Such strong suppression of microtubule dynamics by low TC-complex concentrations in the absence of polymer mass changes demonstrates that microtubule dynamics are more sensitive to the actions of TC-complex than the polymer mass. Significant reduction of polymer mass occurred at relatively high TC-complex concentration (> 0.05 microM). However, the surviving microtubules were extremely stable. Thus, TC-complex stabilizes microtubules even though the microtubules can transiently depolymerize when TC-complex is added. The data also directly establish that kinetic suppression of dynamics by colchicine at low concentrations is effected by a low number of TC-complexes at the microtubule ends.
Impact of operation principle on the losses of a reduced matrix converter for offshore wind parks (2010)

Reduced matrix converter (RMC) could be used in series connection of offshore wind farms as part of the conversion system in each turbine. The converter can be operated as voltage source or current source converter. This paper investigates the influence that voltage source and current source operation principle will have on the losses of the RMC. The modulation of the converter is done by space vector modulation for current source operation. Losses are analyzed by means of simulation in PSIM and a dynamic link library programmed in c++ that calculates the losses based on an experimental behavioral model. The effect of the high frequency transformer is analized. Results indicates that voltage source operation improves the total efficiency compared with current source converter operation.
EL REDISEÑO DE LA CARRERA DE ZOOTECNIA EN LA UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA ¨LUIS VARGAS TORRES¨ DE ESMERALDAS, ECUADOR (2017)

In strengthening the Ecuadorian Higher Education, the redesign of careers that contribute to the quality of teaching-learning process it is necessary. In research Redesign Husbandry Race is analyzed to ensure that the formation of this professional helps to those in the animal production sector and food security, environmental demands, the province, the region and the country. The study is essentially theoretical teaching to propose curricular redesign of this race, led to the formation of professional animal husbandry, which meet the requirements of the new changes of the knowledge society and to improve the quality of educational processes to the challenges University in the XXI century. In the development of the article, it is epistemologically characterized the formation of this professional, the related fundamental theoretical research are declared and the core aspects of the redesign of the career of Animal Husbandry was taken into account.
Protecting the Secrets: Advanced Technique for Active Tamper Detection Systems (2019)

Cryptographic modules and security circuits are the kernels of every piece of equipment that process security data. No matter where they are deployed, the equipment must be protected against physical attacks, as no one can access the electronic circuits that process the security data: firmware implementations, cryptographic keys and secret data. The most effective way to protect this kind of electronic circuits is to wrap them in a special conductive mesh and probe it with proper signals in order to detect intrusions. This paper provides a complete solution for intrusions detection: a system made of a special conductive mesh and an active tamper detection circuit. The conductive mesh consists of three layers that detect intrusions earlier than the effective penetration of the mesh. The active tamper detection circuit is designed to probe the mesh with signals that cannot be emulated by an adversary.
Tri-reforming of surrogate biogas over Ni/Mg/ceria–zirconia/alumina pellet catalysts (2018)

The performance of catalytic tri-reforming under industrially relevant situations (e.g., pellet catalysts, pressurized reactor) was investigated using surrogate biogas as the feedstock. Tri-reforming using Ni/Mg/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2/Al2O3 pellet catalysts was studied in a bench scale fixed-bed reactor. The feed molar ratio for CH4:CO2:air was fixed as 1.0:0.70:0.95. The effects of temperature (800–860°C), pressure (1–6 bar), and H2O/CH4 molar feed ratio (0.23–0.65) were examined. Pressure has substantial impact on the reaction and transport rates and equilibrium conversions, making it a key variable. At 860°C, CO2 conversion increased from 4 to 61% and H2/CO molar ratio decreased from 2.0 to 1.1 as the pressure changed from 1 to 6 bar. CO2 conversion and H2/CO molar ratio were also influenced by the temperature and H2O/CH4 molar ratio. At 3 bar, CO2 conversion varied between 4 and 43% and the H2/CO molar ratio varied between 1.2 and 1.9 as the temperature changed from 800 to 860°C. At 3 bar and 860°C, CO2 conversion decreased from 35 to 8% and H2/CO molar ratio increased from 1.7 to 2.4 when the H2O/CH4 molar ratio was increased from 0.23 to 0.65. This work demonstrates that the tri-reforming technology is feasible for converting biogas under scaled-up conditions in a fixed-bed reactor.
Protection Architecture for Colorless DWDM Passive Optical Networks (2008)

We propose novel colorless dense wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical networks (DWDM-PON) with a real-time protection capability against the fiber link fault. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is experimentally verified using carrier distributed DWDM-PON.
Modification of the effect of a gonadoliberin analog on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary tumors by hormone replacement. (1979)

A gonadoliberin analog, (D-leucyl6, desglycyl-NH2(10), prolyl ethylamide9) gonadoliberin, is known to suppress ovarian function and plasma prolactin levels. Its antitumor activity was evaluated against mammary tumors induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. Observations were made when the analog, referred to as A-43818, was given alone and together with estrogen replacement or perphenazine, A-43818, 10 microgram s.c. twice a day for 6 weeks, was highly effective in producing tumor remissions. All of the 11 animals survived throughout the observation period, complete regressions occurred in 8 of 13 tumors, and 2 were classified as static. None of the 16 tumors in 12 control rats regressed, and there were 4 deaths. When estradiol benzoate, 2 microgram s.c. each day, was administered with the A-43818, antitumor activity was suppressed; only 2 of 17 tumors regressed, 6 were static, and 5 of the 10 rats in this group died. Perphenazine, 1 mg i.m. daily, a dose known to cause hyperprolactinemia, also impaired the efficacy of A-43818. Three of 14 tumors regressed, 6 were static, and the rest continued to grow; 3 of the 12 rats died within 6 weeks of starting treatment.
Environmental fungicides and triazole resistance in <i>Aspergillus</i> (2013)

Fungal diseases are problematic in both human health and agriculture. Treatment options are limited and resistance may emerge. The relatively recent recognition of triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus has prompted questioning of the origin of resistance. While multiple mechanisms are described in clinical isolates from triazole-treated patients, some de novo resistance is also recognised, especially attributable to TR34 /L98H. Such strains probably arose in the environment, and, indeed, multiple studies have now demonstrated TR(34) /L98H triazole resistance strains of A. fumigatus from soil. Docking and other in vitro studies are consistent with environmental resistance induction through exposure to certain triazole fungicides, notably difenoconazole, propiconazole, epoxiconazole, bromuconazole and tebuconazole. This article addresses the potential implications of this issue for both human health and food security.