gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A low-cost, wideband antenna for passive RFID tags mountable on metallic surfaces (2006)

A low-cost, wideband planar antenna for RFID tags mountable on metallic surfaces has been presented in this paper. A novel proximity-coupled feed structure, in which the direction of the microstrip feedline is orthogonal to that of the resonant length of the radiating patch, has been explored to perform simple and wideband impedance matching between an antenna and a tag chip without any additional matching networks. The prototype of the antenna was fabricated and measured, and 57 MHz bandwidth at 3 dB return loss has been achieved
SPARCL: a high-altitude tethered balloon-based optical space-to-ground communication system (2002)

The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL) has conducted a feasibility study to determine if a high altitude (20 km) tethered balloon-based space-to-ground optical communication system is a feasible concept. To support this effort, a detailed concept definition was developed and associated issues were identified and analyzed systematically. Of all the adverse atmospheric phenomena, cloud coverage was identified as the most prohibitive obstacle for a space-to-ground optical communication link. However, by placing a receiver on a balloon at a 20 km altitude, the proposed high altitude system avoids virtually all atmospheric effects. A practical notional scenario was developed (i.e. surveillance and/or reconnaissance of a regional conflict) involving end-to-end optical communication architecture to identify system elements, system level requirements, and to quantify realistic data rate requirements. Analysis of the proposed space-to-ground communication elements indicates that while significant development is required, the system is technically feasible and is a very cost effective 24/7solution.
Magic State Distillation at Intermediate Size (2018)

Recently we proposed a family of magic state distillation protocols that obtains asymptotic performance that is conjectured to be optimal. This family depends upon several codes, called "inner codes" and "outer codes." We presented some small examples of these codes as well as an analysis of codes in the asymptotic limit. Here, we analyze such protocols in an intermediate size regime, using hundreds to thousands of qubits. We use BCH inner codes, combined with various outer codes. We extend our protocols by adding error correction in some cases. We present a variety of protocols in various input error regimes; in many cases these protocols require significantly fewer input magic states to obtain a given output error than previous protocols.
Thiazolothiazepine Inhibitors of HIV-1 Integrase (1999)

A series of thiazolothiazepines were prepared and tested against purified human immunodeficiency virus type-1 integrase (HIV-1 IN) and viral replication. Structure-activity studies reveal that the compounds possessing the pentatomic moiety SC(O)CNC(O) with two carbonyl groups are in general more potent against purified IN than those containing only one carbonyl group. Substitution with electron-donating or -withdrawing groups did not enhance nor abolish potency against purified IN. By contrast, compounds with a naphthalene ring system showed enhanced potency, suggesting that a hydrophobic pocket in the IN active site might accommodate an aromatic system rather than a halogen. The position of sulfur in the thiazole ring appears important for potency against IN, as its replacement with an oxygen or carbon abolished activity. Further extension of the thiazole ring diminished potency. Compounds 1, 19, and 20 showed antiviral activity and inhibited IN within similar concentrations. These compounds inhibited IN when Mn(2+) or Mg(2+) was used as cofactor. None of these compounds showed detectable activities against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, protease, virus attachment, or nucleocapsid protein zinc fingers. Therefore, thiazolothiazepines are potentially important lead compounds for development as inhibitors of IN and HIV replication.
Synthesis and Characterization of Bradykinin B<sub>2</sub> Receptor Agonists Containing Constrained Dipeptide Mimics (1999)

We have previously shown that substitution of the D-Tic-Oic dipeptide by a (3S)-[amino]-5-(carbonylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1, 5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one (D-BT) moiety in the bradykinin B(2) receptor antagonist HOE 140 resulted in a full potent and selective bradykinin B(2) receptor agonist (H-DArg-Arg-Pro-Hyp-Gly-Thi-Ser-D-BT-Arg-OH, JMV1116) exhibiting a high affinity for the human receptor (K(i) 0.7 nM). In the present study, we have investigated the effects of replacement of the D-Tic-Oic moiety by various constrained dipeptide mimetics. The resulting compounds were tested for their binding affinity toward the cloned human B(2) receptor and for their functional interaction with the bradykinin-induced contraction of isolated human umbilical vein. Subsequently, we have designed novel bradykinin B(2) receptor agonists which are likely to be resistant to enzymatic cleavage by endopeptidases and which might represent interesting new pharmacological tools. In an attempt to increase the potency of compound JMV1116, both its N-terminal part and the D-BT moiety were modified. Substitution of the D-arginine residue by a L-lysine residue led to a 10-fold more potent bradykinin B(2) ligand [compound 22 (JMV1465) (K(i) 0.07 nM)], retaining full agonist activity on human umbilical vein. Substitution of the D-BT moiety by a (3S)-[amino]-5-(carbonylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-8-methyl-1, 5-benzothiazepin-4(5H)-one [D-BT(Me)] moiety led to compound 23 (JMV1609) which exhibited a higher agonist activity (pD(2) = 7.4) than JMV1116 (pD(2) = 6.8).
Purification and Characterization of a Peptide C-Terminal α-Amidating Enzyme from Porcine Atrium1 (1989)

In many peptide hormones and neuropeptides, the carboxy-terminal alpha-amide structure is essential in eliciting biological activity. Here we report the purification and characterization of an alpha-amidating enzyme from porcine atrium, in which a high concentration of alpha-amidating activity was detected. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity from the membrane fraction of porcine atria by five steps of chromatography, including an affinity chromatography using a Sepharose column coupled with a substrate, Tyr-Phe-Gly. The purified enzyme was found to be composed of a single polypeptide chain with an apparent molecular weight of 92,000. This enzyme converted several synthetic peptides with C-terminal glycine to the corresponding des-glycine peptide alpha-amides.
Diagnosis of the hemolytic state using serum levels of erythrocyte adenylate kinase (2000)

Red cell hemolysis is classically diagnosed by a combination of nonspecific laboratory tests, including serum bilirubin, LDH, and the reticulocyte count. None of these tests alone or in combination has the specificity to reliably ascertain the presence of hemolysis. We have previously demonstrated that erythrocyte adenylate kinase (EAK) is a red cell specific enzyme released from damaged red cells. Its activity can be measured in serum by rapid electrophoresis or immunological methods and correlates linearly with the degree of hemolysis in vitro. We now report on a clinical study comparing EAK levels in patients with and without hemolysis. The clinical diagnosis of hemolysis was established in hospitalized patients with anemia by the combined elevation of the bilirubin, LDH, and reticulocyte count in the absence of liver disease and demonstrable blood loss. The normal range of serum EAK was determined in 30 healthy nonanemic voluntary blood donors and was 0–3.5 Units (mean = 0.5). In 25 patients with hemolytic anemia due to sickle cell disease, hemolytic transfusion reactions, or TTP, the mean EAK level was 62.4 with a range 0–298 Units (P < 0.001 compared to normals). Levels of EAK exceeded the normal range in 24 of 25 patients (96%). In a control group of 44 hospitalized patients with liver disease or myocardial infarction and no clinical evidence of hemolysis, the mean EAK level was 0.12 with a range of 0–3.2 (P = 0.1, NS compared to normals and P < 0.001 compared to patients with hemolysis). None of the control patients had EAK levels that exceeded the normal range. The diagnostic sensitivity of the EAK assay for hemolysis, as calculated according to Baye's algorithm, was 96%, with a specificity and accuracy of 97%. Measurement of serum EAK represents a highly sensitive and specific test for the diagnosis of hemolytic anemia. Am. J. Hematol. 64:180–183, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Multiuser Scheduling in Mixed RF/FSO Relaying with Outdated Channel Estimation (2015)

This paper investigates the performance of multiuser mixed radio frequency (RF)/free space optical (FSO) relay network with transmit opportunistic scheduling. The outdated channel information (OCI) on the first relaying hop and its effect on the system performance is also studied. Furthermore, a power allocation scheme is proposed. The considered system includes K sources (users) that communicate with the relay node through RF links and the relay is connected with the destination through an FSO link. In the analysis, the first hop channels are assumed to follow Rayleigh fading model and the second hop channel is assumed to follow Gamma-Gamma fading model with pointing errors. Closed-form expressions are derived for the outage probability, average symbol error probability (ASEP) and ergodic channel capacity. Furthermore, the system performance is studied at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. Using the asymptotic results, the power of users and relay are determined to minimize the system outage probability under a total power constraint. Monte-Carlo simulations are provided to validate the achieved exact and asymptotic results.
Design and Analysis of Charge-Transfer Amplifiers for Low-Power Analog-to-Digital Converter Applications (2004)

This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations
Strain-tunable photonic bandgap microcavity waveguides in silicon at 1.55 μm (2004)

The majority of photonic crystals developed till-date are not dynamically tunable, especially in silicon-based structures. Dynamic tunability is required not only for reconfiguration of the optical characteristics based on user-demand, but also for compensation against external disturbances and relaxation of tight device fabrication tolerances. Recent developments in photonic crystals have suggested interesting possibilities for static small-strain modulations to affect the optical characteristics [1-3], including a proposal for dynamic strain-tunability [4]. Here we report the theoretical analysis, device fabrication, and experimental measurements of tunable silicon photonic band gap microcavities in optical waveguides, through direct application of dynamic strain to the periodic structures [5]. The device concept consists of embedding the microcavity waveguide [6] on a deformable SiO<sub>2</sub> membrane. The membrane is strained through integrated thin-film piezoelectric microactuators. We show a 1.54 nm shift in cavity resonances at 1.56 um wavelengths for an applied piezoelectric strain of 0.04%. This is in excellent agreement with our modeling, predicted through first-order semi-analytical perturbation theory [7] and finite-difference time-domain calculations. The measured microcavity transmission shows resonances between 1.55 to 1.57 um, with Q factors ranging from 159 to 280. For operation at infrared wavelengths, we integrate X-ray and electron-beam lithography (for critical 100 nm feature sizes) with thin-film piezoelectric surface micromachining. This level of integration permits realizable silicon-based photonic chip devices, such as high-density optical filters and spontaneous-emission enhancement devices with tunable configurations.
A novel confocal fiber-optic laser method for exact intraocular lens dioptric power measurement (2007)

Based on a fiber-optic confocal design, we have developed a simple, accurate, objective and quick method for exact focal length measurement of both positive and negative intraocular lenses providing a spatial resolution exceeding 1 μm.
Mapping kernel objects to enable systematic integrity checking (2009)

Dynamic kernel data have become an attractive target for kernel-mode malware. However, previous solutions for checking kernel integrity either limit themselves to code and static data or can only inspect a fraction of dynamic data, resulting in limited protection. Our study shows that previous solutions may reach only 28% of the dynamic kernel data and thus may fail to identify function pointers manipulated by many kernel-mode malware.
Cr2+:ZnSe Fiber Lasers (2016)

To date, efforts to power scale Cr2+:ZnSe gain media have been limited by its high thermo-optic coefficient. We demonstrate the first continuous wave Cr2+:ZnSe fiber lasers, providing a path forward for high power systems.
Path planning with limited numbers of maneuvers for automatic guided vehicles: An optimization-based approach (2017)

We present a path planning method for computing optimal parking maneuvers for road vehicles, operating in a known environment in the presence of static obstacles. The proposed approach is based on the numerical solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations and allows finding the minimum length trajectory with a number of direction changes bounded by an assigned constant. Various numerical tests show the effectiveness of the method.
Piecewise-linear transformation-based HMM adaptation for noisy speech (2005)

This paper proposes a new method using a piecewise-linear transformation for adapting phone HMM to noisy speech. Various noises are clustered according to their acoustic properties and signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), and a noisy speech HMM corresponding to each clustered noise is made. Based on the likelihood maximization criterion, the HMM which best matches the input speech is selected and further adapted using a linear transformation. The proposed method was evaluated by recognizing noisy broadcast-news speech. It was confirmed that the proposed method was effective in recognizing numerically noise-added speech and actual noisy speech by a wide range of speakers under various noise conditions.
Energy dissipation in micron- and submicron-thick single crystal diamond mechanical resonators (2014)

The authors report the resonance frequency and the energy dissipation of single crystal diamond cantilevers with different dimensions, which were fabricated by ion implantation assisted technique. The resonance frequency well followed the inverse power law relationship with the length of the cantilevers and exhibited a high reproducibility with varying the dimensions. The energy dissipation decreased with increasing the cantilever length and saturated or reduced at a certain value. For the shorter cantilevers, clamping loss governed the energy dissipation. As the cantilever length increased to a certain value, defects relaxation or surface effect became dominant. The possible origins for these energy dissipations were discussed.
Carbonic Anhydrase Ix Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: An Update (2015)

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) are well known zinc metalloproteins involved in the catalysis of a very simple but essential physiological reaction: carbon dioxide hydration to bicarbonate and proton. These enzymes are of clinical relevance in cancer therapy as among the 15 isoforms known in humans, two cell surface CA isoforms, namely CA IX (almost exclusively associated with tumors) and CA XII (overexpressed in some tumor types) are involved in tumorigenesis. Targeting the tumor associated isoforms IX is now considered as a pertinent approach for the development of new cancer therapeutics against hypoxic tumors. Different approaches and new family of pharmacological agents were described in the last 5 years for obtaining compounds that specifically target CA IX over the ubiquitous cytosolic off-target isoforms CA I and CA II. The aim of this review is to give a comprehensive update on the reported discoveries in the field of CA IX inhibitors with an emphasis on the new families of compounds which reach in vivo/preclinical studies for their potential in cancer therapy.
[Retracted] Active Treatment of Water Chemistry for Swimming Pools Using Novel Automated System (NAS) (2022)

The Novel Automated System (NAS) has the control system of the level of chlorine and acid (i.e., pH level) through a feedback in three forms of synchronous alerts. The feedback is in the form of an alert voice, a visible color, and a message on a digital screen. In addition, NAS contains a slide-in container in which chemicals are used to treat the problems of chlorine and acid levels independently. Moreover, NAS has a net in front of it to clean the pool on the surface of the water from leaves and wastes and so on which is controlled through a remote control. The material used is a lightweight aluminum with mechanical and electric parts integrated with each other. In fact, NAS is qualified to serve as an assistant security guard for swimming pools because it has the characteristics that make it unique and smart.
Combining Proton Resonance Frequency Shift and T1-mapping Thermometry with a 3D Spiral Ultra-Short Echo Time Sequence (2023)

Temperature monitoring plays an essential role in transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound (tcMRgFUS) surgery for measuring thermal dose at the target. Unintended heating of the skull and nearby brain tissue is not currently monitored. By using a two-echo 3D spiral ultra-short echo time (UTE) sequence, we demonstrate a method that combines T1-mapping and proton resonance frequency (PRF) shift thermometry to simultaneously monitor skull and brain heating and validate it in an in vitro model.
Use of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat Sequence Polymorphisms for Specific Detection of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Strains of Serotypes O26:H11, O45:H2, O103:H2, O111:H8, O121:H19, O145:H28, and O157:H7 by Real-Time PCR (2012)

We explored the genetic diversity of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) regions of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) to design simplex real-time PCR assays for each of the seven most important EHEC serotypes worldwide. A panel of 958 E. coli strains investigated for their CRISPR loci by high-throughput real-time PCR showed that CRISPR polymorphisms in E. coli strongly correlated with both O:H serotypes and the presence of EHEC virulence factors (stx and eae genes). The CRISPR sequences chosen for simplex real-time PCR amplification of EHEC strains belonging to the top 7 EHEC serogroups differentiated clearly between EHEC and non-EHEC strains. Specificity estimates for the CRISPR PCR assays varied from 97.5% to 100%. Sensitivity estimates for the assays ranged from 95.7% to 100%. The assays targeting EHEC O145:H28, O103:H2, and O45:H2 displayed 100% sensitivity. The combined usage of two simplex PCR assays targeting different sequences of the O26 CRISPR locus allowed detection of EHEC O26:H11 with 100% sensitivity. By combining two simplex PCR assays targeting different sequences of the EHEC O157 CRISPR locus, EHEC O157:H7 was detected with 99.56% sensitivity. EHEC O111:H8 and EHEC O121:H19 were detected with 95.9% and 95.7% sensitivity, respectively. This study demonstrates that the identification of EHEC serotype-specific CRISPR sequences is more specific than the mere identification of O-antigen gene sequences, as is used in current PCR protocols for detection of EHEC strains.
Method of treating oil-bearing formation using molten sulfur insulating (1977)

Molten elemental sulfur is used as an insulating packer fluid in injection wells for steam drive secondary recovery of petroleum from petroliferous formations.
Analysis and Design of a New Active Power Filter to Cancel Neutral Current Harmonics in Three-Phase Four-Wire Electric Distribution Systems (1994)

Recent surveys of 208 / 120 V three-phase four-wire electric systems, buildings, and industrial plants with computers and nonlinear loads show excessive currents in the neutral. These neutral currents are fundamentally third harmonic, and their presence is tied to wiring failures, elevating of neutral potentials, transformer overheating, etc. In response to these concerns, this paper proposes a new active power filter scheme to cancel neutral current harmonics. The proposed approach employs a star / delta transformer along with a two-switch PWM-controlled active filter. The closed loop control of the active power filter guarantees cancellation of neutral current harmonics under varying load conditions. The proposed system drastically improves the overall system performance and virtually eliminates transformer overheating due to harmonics. Experimental results from a prototype active power filter confirm the suitability of the proposed approach.
Detection and segmentation of sweeps in color graphics images (2003)

Business graphics are an important class of digital imagery. Such images are computer-generated, and comprise synthetic elements such as solid fills, line art, and color sweeps. Often these images are first printed and then scanned for further electronic reuse. The printing and scanning process destroys the synthetic structure of a graphics image, and furthermore introduces distortions due to halftoning and other forms of printer and scanner noise. Subsequent reproductions usually amplify these distortions thus resulting in rapid degradation of image quality. It would thus be desirable to detect and reconstruct the original synthetic structure from the scanned image. This paper presents an effort in this direction, namely a method to detect color sweeps in scanned images. Once detected, the synthetic signature of the sweep is derived, namely its starting and ending color. This information can be used to optimize subsequent image processing operations such as rendering to an output device, or image compression. This work represents a novel application of known image processing techniques to extract semantic information from graphics images.
Stator fault diagnosis in induction motors using power decomposition (2003)

A power decomposition technique (PDT) has been used to derive positive and negative sequence components of arbitrary three phase signals in the time domain, in order to detect deterioration in the stator of induction motors. Negative sequence currents arising from supply unbalance are calculated using the reactive component of motor negative sequence impedance, which is essentially independent of temperature. The effects of variation in load, supply voltage, and supply voltage unbalance, have been eliminated by using a recursive least squares method to characterize the associated variation in motor reactance and residual negative sequence current in the healthy motor. Compensation is also applied for nonsimultaneous current sampling of motor fault current. Negative sequence fault currents as low as 0.1 percent of full load current can be detected in the presence of normal variations in load, voltage, and unbalance.
High productivity ethanol fermentations with Zymomonas mobilis (1980)

Bacterial ethanol fermentation using strains of Zymomonas mobilis are shown to offer many advantages over traditional yeast fermentations. These include significantly higher specific rates of sugar uptake and ethanol production and improved yields. In a continuous cell recycle system, a volumetric ethanol productivity of 120/g/l/h is reported. Possible future developments such as optimal cell recycle and the application of genetic techniques to the problems of improving ethanol tolerance and broadening the range of substrates utilized by Zymomonas are discussed.