gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Robust oil-core nanocapsules with hyaluronate-based shells as promising nanovehicles for lipophilic compounds (2017)

The design of nanodelivery systems has been recently considered as a solution to the major challenge in pharmaceutical research - poor bioavailability of lipophilic drugs. Nanocapsules with liquid oil cores and shells based on amphiphilic polysaccharides were developed here as robust carriers of hydrophobic active compounds. A series of modified charged hyaluronates were synthesized and used as stabilizing shells ensuring also the biocompatibility of the nanocapsules that is crucial for applications related to the delivery of lipophilic drugs in vivo. Importantly, the oil nanodroplets were found to be stably suspended in water for at least 15 months without addition of low molar mass surfactants. Moreover, their size and stability may be tuned by varying the relative content of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in the hyaluronate derivatives as was confirmed by dynamic light scattering and nanoparticle tracking analysis as well as electron microscopy. In vivo studies demonstrated that hyaluronate-based nanocapsules accumulated preferentially in the liver as well as in the lungs. Moreover, their accumulation was dramatically potentiated in endotoxemic mice. In vitro studies showed that the nanocapsules were taken up by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and by mouse lung vascular endothelial cells. Importantly, the capsules were found to be nontoxic in an acute oral toxicity experiment even at a dose of 2000 mg per kg b.w. Biocompatible hyaluronate-based nanocapsules with liquid cores described herein represent a promising and tunable nanodelivery system for lipophilic active compounds via both oral and intravenous administration.
Computation of effective bandwidth of aggregated VBR MPEG video traffic in ATM networks using the modified equivalent capacity (2002)

A method for computing the effective bandwidth of aggregated variable bit rate (VBR) Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) video traffic is proposed. First, individual MPEG traffic are split into I, B, and P frame traffic according to the frame type and the respective I, B, and P frame traffic are aggregated, where transform expand sample (TES) processes are employed for modeling the MPEG traffic. Second, we compute the statistical characteristics of the aggregated I frame traffic, aggregated B frame traffic, and aggregated P frame traffic using the individual I, B, and P frame traffic, where the statistical characteristics represent the mean, second and third central moments, and the lag 1 autocorrelation of the bit rate of the traffic. Next, the effective bandwidth of the aggregated I frame traffic is computed by the Gaussian bound. We calculate the statistical characteristics of the combined B and P frame traffic using those of the aggregated B frame and P frame traffic, and estimate the effective bandwidth of the combined B and P frame traffic using the modified equivalent capacity. Finally, we compute the total effective bandwidth of the aggregated VBR MPEG traffic by adding the Gaussian bound of the aggregated I frame traffic and the modified equivalent capacity of the combined B and P frame traffic. Computer simulation shows that the proposed method provides a good estimate of the total effective bandwidth of the aggregated VBR MPEG traffic.
Harmonic generation in the AC magnetic response of high-Tc superconductors—applications (1991)

Nonlinear magnetic behavior in high‐Tc superconductors as reflected by the appearance of harmonics in ac magnetic response, yields valuable information about transition temperature, critical fields and the dynamics of fluxons. In this paper we discuss the specific applications of the third harmonic measurements in developing (i) a high resolution spectrometer for determining Tc’s and (ii) a microscope which reveals local variation of Tc and the other superconducting properties.
Experimental demonstration of nonlinear crosstalk mitigation in superchannels using subcarrier power pre-emphasis (2015)

We present a novel nonlinear crosstalk mitigation technique based on subcarrier power pre-emphasis. We experimentally investigate performance improvement for four-subcarrier DP-QPSK superchannel in dispersion-uncompensated transmission for various transmission distances and guard bands.
Modeling of laser produced plasma and z-pinch x-ray lasers (1999)

In this work we describe our theoretical activities in two directions of interest. First, we discuss progress in modeling laser produced plasmas mostly related to transient collisional excitation scheme experiments with Ne- and recently with Ni-like ions. Calculations related to the delay between laser pulses, transient gain duration and hybrid laser/capillary approach are described in more detail. Second, the capillary discharge plasma research, extended to wider range of currents and rise-times has been outlined. We have systematically evaluated the major plasma and atomic kinetic properties by comparing near- and far-field X-ray laser output with that for the capillary Argon X-ray laser operating under typical current values. Consistent with the experiment insight was obtained for the 469{angstrom} X-ray laser shadowgraphy experiments with very small kiloamp currents. At higher currents, as much as {approximately}200 kA we evaluated plasma temperature, density and compared x-ray source size and emitted spectra.
Mapping and Cloning of Late Blight Resistance Genes from <i>Solanum venturii</i> Using an Interspecific Candidate Gene Approach (2009)

Late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, is one of the most devastating diseases of potato. Resistance (R) genes from the wild species Solanum demissum have been used by breeders to generate late-blight-resistant cultivars but resistance was soon overcome by the pathogen. A more recent screening of a large number of wild species has led to the identification of novel sources of resistance, many of which are currently being characterized further. Here, we report on the cloning of dominant Rpi genes from S. venturii. Rpi-vnt1.1 and Rpi-vnt1.3 were mapped to chromosome 9 using nucleotide binding site (NBS) profiling. Subsequently, a Tm-2(2)-based allele mining strategy was used to clone both genes. Rpi-vnt1.1 and Rpi-vnt1.3 belong to the coiled-coil NBS leucine-rich repeat (LRR) class of plant R genes and encode predicted peptides of 891 and 905 amino acids (aa), respectively, which share 75% amino acid identity with the Tomato mosaic virus resistance protein Tm-2(2) from tomato. Compared with Rpi-vnt1.1, Rpi-vnt1.3 harbors a 14-aa insertion in the N-terminal region of the protein and two different amino acids in the LRR domain. Despite these differences, Rpi-vnt1.1 and Rpi-vnt1.3 genes have the same resistance spectrum.
Speech synthesis for a specific speaker based on a labeled speech database (2002)

This paper proposes a new text-to-speech synthesis technique, for producing continuous, natural sounding speech of a specific speaker. The synthesis technique is based on selecting short speech frames from a phoneme-labeled speech database. The selection procedure involves minimization of a distortion criterion, by a dynamic programming algorithm. The proposed scheme is more flexible than many existing schemes using fixed speech segments, such as diphones. It results in a more natural synthesized speech. An efficient speech representation is used to express simply and accurately the spectral continuity of speech. A further improvement in the database search mechanism and in database size was obtained by sectioning the speech phonemes into "steady-states" and "transitions". The resulting synthesized speech quality, is satisfactory and preserves the natural voice of the speaker.
Lightweight Multitasking Support for Embedded Systems using the Phantom Serializing Compiler (2005)

Embedded software continues to play an ever increasing role in the design of complex embedded applications. In part, the elevated level of abstraction provided by a high-level programming paradigm immensely facilitates a short design cycle, fewer errors. portability, and reuse. Serializing compilers have been proposed as an alternative to traditional OS techniques, enabling a designer to develop multitasking applications without the need of OS support. In this work, we outline the inner workings of the Phantom serializing compiler and analyze the quality of the generated code with respect to memory and processing overheads. Our results show that such serializing compilers are extremely efficient, making them ideal to be used in design of highly parallel applications (e.g.. multimedia, graphics, and signal processing applications).
Various modifications of the amphipathic dynorphin <scp>A</scp> pharmacophore for rat brain bradykinin receptors (2016)

As a unique endogenous opioid ligand, dynorphin A shows paradoxical neuroexcitatory effects at bradykinin receptors, and the effects are known to be amplified by the upregulation of dynorphin A under chronic pain and inflammatory conditions. In our earlier structure-activity relationship studies, the amphipathic dynorphin A fragment, [Des-Arg(7) ]-Dyn A-(4-11), was identified as a pharmacophore for the bradykinin receptors along with key structural features. Here, further modifications of the pharmacophore showed that the position of a Pro residue is also an important feature because of its role in making (or disrupting) a β-turn or 310 helix structure which is crucial for receptor recognition.
55.4: Continuous‐Domain IPS LCDs (2004)

Abstract A novel continuous domain in‐plane switching (CD IPS) LCD has been proposed. We proposed a new IPS LCD with S‐shape‐RGB sub‐pixels, S‐shape Data Lines, and S‐Shape Electrodes. This sub‐pixel structure enhanced the color performance and reduced color error. Theoretical calculation has been applied to optimize the optical performance of our new structure. This new IPS LCD exhibits wide‐viewing angle, low color dispersion characteristics as well as the conventional dual domain IPS structures.
Protecting privacy while sharing information in electronic communities (2000)

Article Free Access Share on Protecting privacy while sharing information in electronic communities Authors: Tad Hogg Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Bernardo A. Huberman Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CAView Profile , Matt Franklin Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, 3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims CFP '00: Proceedings of the tenth conference on Computers, freedom and privacy: challenging the assumptionsApril 2000Pages 73–75https://doi.org/10.1145/332186.332251Published:01 April 2000Publication History 2citation386DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations2Total Downloads386Last 12 Months9Last 6 weeks0 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteeReaderPDF
Catalytic Oxidation of Niobium (1984)

In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to study the oxidation of niobium films covered by some monolayers of cerium. Significant amounts of ${\mathrm{Nb}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{5}$ are formed at pressures as low as 6.6 \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ Pa, promoted by the cerium overlayer. This catalytic activity is related to the trivalent-to-tetravalent valence change of the cerium during oxidation. The kinetics of ${\mathrm{Nb}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{5}$ formation beneath the oxidized cerium shows two stages; the first is fast growth limited by ion diffusion, the second is slow growth by electron tunneling.
Remote sensing of scattering coefficient for airborne laser hydrography (1986)

A method is proposed for using dual fields of view to allow remote sensing of the sea’s optical scattering coefficient from a laser-based airborne hydrographic system. The method depends on measurement of the rate of decay of the detected volume backscatter from a pulse of laser energy directed into the ocean and is, therefore, inherently independent of system gain calibration. The method builds on previous Monto Carlo studies of multiple scattering within the ocean bulk. An appropriate choice of fields of view allows determination of the scattering coefficient over a range appropriate to hydrographic interest in coastal waters. Limited data from flights of the WRELADS laser airborne hydrographic system support the applicability of the concept.
A scalable addressing method when using IMS as a service bus infrastructure (2009)

The dynamic provisioning of SIP addresses is a challenge when many devices and services are dynamically attached to an IMS network. Manual provisioning is too labor intensive for a telecommunications operator, and it is difficult to do it in a way that allows those devices and services access to all functionality of the IMS architecture. This paper proposes a novel way of handling the addressing of such devices and services, using wildcard PSI addressing in the IMS network.
High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells by One-Step Self-Assembled Perovskite-Polymer Thin Films (2020)

Perovskite materials have drawn the greatest attention as alternatives for approaching cost-effective perovskite solar cells (PSCs) in the past decade. However, the desire for PSCs with photocurrent hysteresis-free characteristics has been unfulfilled due to the intrinsic foibles of perovskite materials. In this study, PSCs with boosted power conversion efficiency (PCEs), dramatically suppressed photocurrent hysteresis, and significantly boosted stability through one-step self-assembled methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) cocrystallized with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) are reported. It is found that one-step self-assembled CH3NH3PbI3 cocrystallized with PEO could generate high-quality thin film with significantly enlarged crystal grains through weak hydrogen interactions between CH3NH3PbI3 and PEO. Further studies demonstrate that one-step self-assembled PEO–CH3NH3PbI3 thin films possess improved charge carrier transport, reduced charge carrier recombination, and promoted charge carrier extraction time as compared with those of one-step self-assembled processed CH3NH3PbI3 thin film. As a result, PSCs by one-step self-assembled PEO–CH3NH3PbI3 thin films exhibit a PCE of 20.78%, which is an over 20% enhancement compared to that (17.42%) from PSCs by one-step self-assembled CH3NH3PbI3 thin films. Moreover, PSCs by one-step self-assembled PEO–CH3NH3PbI3 thin films exhibit dramatically suppressed photocurrent hysteresis and significantly boosted stability. All these results demonstrate that the method of one-step self-assembled perovskites cocrystallized with polymers is a facile approach toward high-performance PSCs.
A Label-free Technique for the Spatio-temporal Imaging of Single Cell Secretions (2015)

Inter-cellular communication is an integral part of a complex system that helps in maintaining basic cellular activities. As a result, the malfunctioning of such signaling can lead to many disorders. To understand cell-to-cell signaling, it is essential to study the spatial and temporal nature of the secreted molecules from the cell without disturbing the local environment. Various assays have been developed to study protein secretion, however, these methods are typically based on fluorescent probes which disrupt the relevant signaling pathways. To overcome this limitation, a label-free technique is required. In this paper, we describe the fabrication and application of a label-free localized surface plasmon resonance imaging (LSPRi) technology capable of detecting protein secretions from a single cell. The plasmonic nanostructures are lithographically patterned onto a standard glass coverslip and can be excited using visible light on commercially available light microscopes. Only a small fraction of the coverslip is covered by the nanostructures and hence this technique is well suited for combining common techniques such as fluorescence and bright-field imaging. A multidisciplinary approach is used in this protocol which incorporates sensor nanofabrication and subsequent biofunctionalization, binding kinetics characterization of ligand and analyte, the integration of the chip and live cells, and the analysis of the measured signal. As a whole, this technology enables a general label-free approach towards mapping cellular secretions and correlating them with the responses of nearby cells.
Identification and Characterization of Two Parathyroid Hormone-Like Molecules in Zebrafish (2003)

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have receptors homologous to the human PTH (hPTH)/PTHrP receptor (PTH1R) and PTH-2 receptor (PTH2R) and an additional receptor (PTH3R) with high homology to the PTH1R. To find natural ligands for zPTH1R and zPTH3R, we searched the zebrafish genomic database and discovered two distinct regions that, when translated (zPTH1 and zPTH2), showed high homology to hPTH. Isolation of cDNAs and determination of the intron/exon boundaries revealed genomic structures which were similar to known PTHs. Peptides consisting of the first 34 amino acids after the pre- and prosequences of the zebrafish PTHs (zPTHs) were synthesized and were shown to be fully active at the hPTH1R. zPTH2(1-34) was, however, approximately 30-fold less potent at the zPTH1R than hPTH(1-34), hPTHrP(1-36), and zPTH1(1-34). When tested with zPTH3R, zPTH1(1-34) and hPTHrP(1-36) showed similar potencies, whereas the potency of zPTH2(1-34) was moderately (3-fold) reduced. To determine whether other fishes have multiple PTHs, we searched the genomic database of the Japanese pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes) and identified zPTH1 and zPTH2 homologs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that PTHs from zebrafish and pufferfish are more closely related to each other than to known mammalian PTH homologs or to PTHrP and tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues. This is consistent with evolution of two teleost PTH-like peptides occurring after the evolutionary divergence between fishes and mammals. Overall, the PTH system appears more complex in fishes than in mammals, providing evidence of continued evolution in nontetrapod species. The availability of multiple forms of fish PTH and their receptors provide additional tools for PTH ligand/receptor structure-function studies.
A New Method of Synthesizing 7-(2-Hydroxy-5-oxo-1-cyclopentenyl)heptanoic Acid and Related Compounds (1988)

Abstract A useful prostanoid synthon, 7-(2-hydroxy-5-oxo-1-cyclopentenyl)heptanoic acid (3), was prepared from commercially available cyclooctanone in two steps. Nine other related cyclopentanoids which are also valuable synthons for prostaglandins were obtained from 3 in reasonable yields via several steps. The procedure is capable of generating these useful synthons on a laboratory scale.
Dual-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy on a planar optofluidic chip (2011)

Fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS) is a highly sensitive fluorescence technique with distinct advantages in many bioanalytical applications involving interaction and binding of multiple components. Due to the use of multiple beams, bulk optical FCCS setups require delicate and complex alignment procedures. We demonstrate the first implementation of dual-color FCCS on a planar, integrated optofluidic chip based on liquid-core waveguides that can guide liquid and light simultaneously. In this configuration, the excitation beams are delivered in predefined locations and automatically aligned within the excitation waveguides. We implement two canonical applications of FCCS in the optofluidic lab-on-chip environment: particle colocalization and binding/dissociation dynamics. Colocalization is demonstrated in the detection and discrimination of single-color and double-color fluorescently labeled nanobeads. FCCS in combination with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is used to detect the denaturation process of double-stranded DNA at nanomolar concentration.
Pilin Vaccination Stimulates Weak Antibody Responses and Provides No Protection in a C57Bl/6 Murine Model of Acute Clostridium difficile Infection (2016)

Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of nosocomial infections in the United States, adding billions of dollars per year to health care costs. A vaccine targeted against the bacterium would be extremely beneficial in decreasing the morbidity and mortality caused by C. difficile-associated disease; a vaccine directed against a colonization factor would hinder the spread of the bacterium as well as prevent disease. Type IV pili (T4Ps) are extracellular appendages composed of protein monomers called pilins. They are involved in adhesion and colonization in a wide variety of bacteria and archaea, and are putative colonization factors in C. difficile. We hypothesized that vaccinating mice with pilins would lead to generation of anti-pilin antibodies, and would protect against C. difficile challenge. We found that immunizing C57Bl/6 mice with various pilins, whether combined or as individual proteins, led to low antipilin antibody titers and no protection upon C. difficile challenge. Passive transfer of anti-pilin antibodies led to high serum anti-pilin IgG titers, but to undetectable fecal anti-pilin IgG titers and did not protect against challenge. The low antibody titers observed in these experiments may be due to the particular strain of mice used. Further experiments, possibly with a different animal model of C. difficile infection, are needed to determine if an anti-T4P vaccine would be protective against C. difficile infection.
Calcium-activated Potassium Channels Sustain Calcium Signaling in T Lymphocytes (2001)

To maintain Ca(2+) entry during T lymphocyte activation, a balancing efflux of cations is necessary. Using three approaches, we demonstrate that this cation efflux is mediated by Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (K(Ca)) channels, hSKCa2 in the human leukemic T cell line Jurkat and hIKCa1 in mitogen-activated human T cells. First, several recently developed, selective and potent pharmacological inhibitors of K(Ca) channels but not K(V) channels reduce Ca(2+) entry in Jurkat and in mitogen-activated human T cells. Second, dominant-negative suppression of the native K(Ca) channel in Jurkat T cells by overexpression of a truncated fragment of the cloned hSKCa2 channel decreases Ca(2+) influx. Finally, introduction of the hIKCa1 channel into Jurkat T cells maintains rapid Ca(2+) entry despite pharmacological inhibition of the native small conductance K(Ca) channel. Thus, K(Ca) channels play a vital role in T cell Ca(2+) signaling.
Targeted Disruption of a B2 Bradykinin Receptor Gene in Mice Eliminates Bradykinin Action in Smooth Muscle and Neurons (1995)

Mice that are homozygous for the targeted disruption of the gene encoding the B2 bradykinin receptor have been generated. The gene disruption results in a deletion of the entire coding sequence for the B2 receptor. The disruption of the B2 receptor gene has been confirmed by genetic, biochemical, and pharmacological analyses. Mice that are homozygous for the disruption of the B2 receptor gene are fertile and indistinguishable from their littermates by visual inspection. Bradykinin fails to produce responses in pharmacological preparations from ileum, uterus, and the superior cervical ganglia from these mice. Therefore, expression of a single gene appears to be responsible for conferring responsiveness to bradykinin in these tissues.