gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Forecasting method for HEMT MMIC large-signal RF yield (2002)

Accurate MMIC (Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits) RF yield forecasting is a critical tool for proactively defusing yield problems and planning efficient use of manufacturing resources. TRW has investigated a method for forecasting the large-signal RF yield of HEMT MMICs that is based on a combination of statistical device modeling through an analytical, physical device model, and an empirical nonlinear device model. Using this hybrid nonlinear statistical device modeling method, we have been able to accurately simulate the variation of large-signal MMIC performance with manufacturing process variation.
Deletion of CFHR3 and CFHR1 genes in age-related macular degeneration (2007)

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) impairs vision for approximately 7.5 million Americans. Both susceptibility variants and protective haplotypes in the complement factor H (CFH) gene modulate risk for AMD. Recently, deletion of the 'CFH-related' genes CFHR1 and CFHR3 was found to be segregating with a particular CFH haplotype, which reduced the risk of AMD. We tested the deletion for association in a Caucasian population of 780 cases and 265 controls and examined its effect in the context of known AMD risk factors. The deletion did not segregate perfectly with any one SNP, as previously suggested. CFH haplotype P2 was the most frequent haplotype in deletion homozygotes (47%), and the majority (14/16) of these individuals were homozygous for the non-risk allele of Y402H. Overall, deletion homozygosity was significantly more frequent in controls than cases (2.6% controls, 0.8% cases, P = 0.025, OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.10-0.86). After controlling for age, Y402H, smoking and LOC387715 A69S, the protective effect of the deletion was no longer statistically significant (P = 0.27). However, using a CFH haplotype that all deletion homozygotes share as a surrogate for the deletion, this marker remained modestly associated with AMD after adjustment for known risk factors (OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.39-1.04, P = 0.07). Therefore, deletion of CFHR1 and CFHR3 may account for a small portion of the protection from AMD associated with particular haplotypes in CFH. The presence of protective haplotypes in CFH that do not carry the deletion, suggests that other protective variants in this region have yet to be discovered.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry as a Novel Tool for Elucidating Pituitary–Thyroid Relationships (2008)

LC-MS/MS is an excellent tool for documenting the known physiological phenomenon of a log-linear relationship between TSH and thyroid hormone concentrations. In a group of patients studied pre- and postthyroidectomy, both FT(4) and total T(3) measured by tandem mass spectrometry correlate well with TSH. However, T(3) correlates slightly less well and has a relatively blunted relationship with the log-transformed TSH. These paired data suggest that in LT(4)-replaced patients T(3) concentrations are held stable in the face of fluctuating T(4) concentrations.
Neurosteroid enantiomers as potentially novel neurotherapeutics (2023)

Endogenous neurosteroids and synthetic neuroactive steroids (NAS) are important targets for therapeutic development in neuropsychiatric disorders. These steroids modulate major signaling systems in the brain and intracellular processes including inflammation, cellular stress and autophagy. In this review, we describe studies performed using unnatural enantiomers of key neurosteroids, which are physiochemically identical to their natural counterparts except for rotation of polarized light. These studies led to insights in how NAS interact with receptors, ion channels and intracellular sites of action. Certain effects of NAS show high enantioselectivity, consistent with actions in chiral environments and likely direct interactions with signaling proteins. Other effects show no enantioselectivity and even reverse enantioselectivity. The spectrum of effects of NAS enantiomers raises the possibility that these agents, once considered only as tools for preclinical studies, have therapeutic potential that complements and in some cases may exceed their natural counterparts. Here we review studies of NAS enantiomers from the perspective of their potential development as novel neurotherapeutics.
Identification and Characterization of the Protein Encoded by the Human N- <i>myc</i> Oncogene (1986)

The human N-myc gene is related to the c-myc proto-oncogene, and has been shown to have transforming potential in vitro. Many studies have reported amplification of N-myc in human neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma cell lines. In primary tumors, amplification of the gene was found to correlate directly with behavior of the tumor. Specific restriction fragments of a partial complementary DNA clone of N-myc from LA-N-5 human neuroblastoma cells were placed into a bacterial expression vector for the purpose of producing antigens representative of the N-myc protein. Rabbits immunized with these antigens produced antisera that recognized a protein of 62-64 kilodaltons in neuroblastoma cells. By several criteria, this protein appears to be part of the same proto-oncogene family as the c-myc protein. Moreover, the antisera to fragments of this protein were capable of histochemically identifying malignant cells in clinical specimens.
Frame Stitching in Indoor Environment Using Drone Captured Images (2018)

Drones are used in a number of industrial applications such as asset tracking and inspection. Indoor industrial applications based on visual data pose various challenges such as low lighting conditions and presence of non-planar scenes. Due to the nature of the indoor applications, image data is acquired at close range and this leads to the loss of context. In order to get global context, image stitching is a key step for data interpretation. We propose an approach to stitch drone-captured indoor video frames, where feature based stitching fails. In order to achieve this, the image feature data extracted is fused with drone inertial measurement unit (IMU) data. The approach is tested in a warehouse and the performance is compared with other state-of-the-art image stitching algorithms. The proposed approach shows robust performance in cases of highly non-planar scenes.
A Composable Model for Analyzing Locality of Multi-threaded Programs (2009)

Bariatric surgery in patients with cirrhosis should be performed while liver disease is well compensated. Patients with cirrhosis should undergo surgery at centers that perform large numbers of these procedures.
<title>Techniques for editing and visualizing CT-angiographic data</title> (1994)

CT-Angiography acquires a volume of data defining vasculature in three dimensions. Prior to 3D visualization, bones have to be removed from the volume. We describe methods that reduce the workload for manual outlining of contours or remove bone structures in the abdomen, chest or head and neck region automatically. Volume rendering has been used to provide information not displayed with Maximum Intensity Projection or Surface Shaded Display. Tools have been developed to ease the setting of parameters for volume rendering of CT data.
Potential Utility of Kappa Ligands in the Treatment of Mood Disorders (2009)

The biological basis of mood is not understood. The vast majority of present day research on mood and affective states focuses on the roles of brain systems containing monamines (e.g., dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin). This focus is logical, since drugs with mood-elevating effects have various and numerous interactions with these systems. However, endogenous opioid systems in the brain may also be involved in regulation of mood. We have become particularly interested in how kappa opioid receptors affect mood states. We will focus here on the potential utility of kappa ligands in the study and treatment of psychiatric conditions. Specifically, research from our groups and others suggests that kappa antagonists might be useful for depression, kappa agonists might be useful for mania, and kappa partial agonists might be useful for bipolar disorder. We will trace the history of our interests, describe our working hypotheses, and review evidence that is consistent and inconsistent with these hypotheses. In addition, we will identify issues that currently represent potential problems for the use of these agents as therapeutics, and plot a course for future work.
High-quality Image-based Interactive Exploration of Real-World Environments (2004)

Interactive scene walk-throughs have long been an important computer graphics application area. Starting with Fred Brooks pioneering work, efficient rendering algorithms have emerged for visualizing large architectural databases. More recently, researchers have developed techniques for constructing photorealistic 3D architectural models from real-world images.Real-world tours based on panoramic images also exist, as we describe in the “Panoramic Imaging” sidebar. These systems all aim to create a real sense of being there, a sense of virtual presence that lets users experience a space or environment in an exploratory, interactive manner. This article presents an image-based rendering system that brings us a step closer to a compelling sense of being there. Whereas many previous systems have used still photography and 3D scene modeling, we avoid explicit 3D reconstruction because it tends to be brittle. Instead, we film a tour of an environment that we wish to explore and then use image-based rendering techniques to replay the tour interactively. We call such experiences interactive visual tours. In designing this system, our goal was to let users move freely along a set of predefined tracks, choose between different directions of motion at decision points, and look in any direction. In addition, the displayed views should have a high resolution and dynamic range. The system easily incorporates multimedia objects such as navigation maps, video textures, audio enhancements, and pop-up stills. Our system is not the .rst to propose interactive videobased tours (see the “Panoramic Imaging” sidebar). We believe, however, that our system is the first to deliver fully interactive, photorealistic image-based tours on a personal computer at or above broadcast video resolutions and frame rates. Moreover, to our knowledge, no other tour provides the same rich set of interactions or visually complex environments.
Privacy of future air traffic management broadcasts (2009)

Future civil aircraft are envisioned to depend on air-to-air and air-to-ground data communications for air traffic management. However, ease of access to wireless communications as well as the personal, political or proprietary nature of air travel raises privacy concerns for some aircraft users. A major concern is exploitation of aircraft's communications for deriving identity and position trajectories of that aircraft, resulting in potential privacy violations such as by helping to infer travel intent and profile places of interest. Privacy enhancement is however challenging to achieve due to a delicate balance with airspace security. This paper identifies location privacy threats and proposes anonymity solutions that can enhance privacy level of aircraft operators and passengers without compromising airspace security.
Monolithic interconnected modules (MIMs) for thermophotovoltaic energy conversion (2003)

Monolithic Interconnected Modules (MIM) are under development for thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion applications. MIM devices are typified by series-interconnected photovoltaic cells on a common, semi-insulating substrate and generally include rear-surface infrared (IR) reflectors. The MIM architecture is being implemented in InGaAsSb materials without semi-insulating substrates through the development of alternative isolation methodologies. Motivations for developing the MIM structure include: reduced resistive losses, higher output power density than for systems utilizing front surface spectral control, improved thermal coupling and ultimately higher system efficiency. Numerous design and material changes have been investigated since the introduction of the MIM concept in 1994. These developments as well as the current design strategies are addressed.
DETERMINING THE DENSITY OF MULTIPLE LAYERS USING GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY (2021)

Due to the volumetric nature of the physics and the measurement, traditional gamma-gamma density tools measure an average bulk density of the formation. However, a bulk measurement is not adequate for certain applications where a more detailed resolution of a radial density profile is necessary. In this paper, a new approach of gamma spectral analysis is introduced focusing on the main Compton scattering angles. Several energy windows are linked to the unique radial layers based on scattering angles and location of interaction. As a result, the density of multiple layers can be calculated. The paper first outlines the main principles and analytical structures to formulate two methods to measure layer densities. Then computer simulation tools are used to simulate realistic tool configuration and measurement response to validate and benchmark efficacies of the outlined methods. Finally, a case study is presented to demonstrate the applicability of these methods using laboratory data. The paper is concluded with a list of other possible applications such as open-hole density and behind-pipe evaluation where layer density can provide more details for the analysis.
The use of a one-step PCR method for the identification of Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection of pets. (2014)

Dermatophytes are a closely related group of keratinophilic fungi. They encompass important etiological agents of superficial fungal infections. These fungi are able to invade keratinized tissues of humans and animals, causing dermatophytosis (ringworm) of hair, nails or skin. Traditional diagnostics of ringworm is based on morphological identification of cultured fungi and is time-consuming. In this study, we applied a method patented by Brillowska-Dabrowska and coworkers (Brillowska-Dąbrowska A, Saunte DM, Arenderup MC, 2007, Five-hour diagnosis of dermatophyte nail infections with specific detection of Trichophyton rubrum. J Clin Microbiol 45: 1200-1204) which involves extraction of fungal DNA and PCR amplification with pan-dermatophyte primers to confirm the presence of dermatophytes. The method used here is able to confirm the presence of dermatophyte DNA in pure cultures in less than 5 hours.
Calibration-free gaze tracking using particle filter (2013)

This paper presents a novel approach for gaze estimation using only a low-cost camera and requiring no calibration. The main idea is based on the center-bias property of human gaze distribution to get a coarse estimate of the current gaze position as well as benefit from temporal information to enhance this rough gaze estimate. Firstly, we propose a method for detecting the eye center location and a mapping model based on the center-bias effect to convert it to gaze position. This initial gaze estimate then serves to construct the likelihood model of the eye-appearance. The final gaze position is estimated by fusing the likelihood model with the prior information obtained from previous observations on the basis of the particle filtering framework. Extensive experiments demonstrate the good performance of the proposed system with an average estimation error of 3.43° which outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, the low complexity of the proposed system makes it suitable for real-time applications.
Effects of a novel combination of orlistat and acarbose on tolerability, appetite, and glucose metabolism in persons with obesity (2020)

This study shows that by using a modified-release dosage form, orlistat and acarbose can be combined without compromising tolerability. Furthermore, MR-OA shows promising effects regarding reduction of appetite and reduces postprandial glucose. Tolerability is coupled to compliance and thereby efficacy of a treatment; therefore, this novel combination MR-OA could be an effective approach for weight loss treatment. A follow-up study in a more diverse population and for a longer duration with weight loss as primary outcome variable is planned.
Characterization of malignant tissue cells by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (2004)

Cancer diagnosis and classification is extremely complicated and, for the most part, relies on subjective interpretation of biopsy material. Such methods are laborious and in some cases might result in different results depending on the histopathologist doing the examination. Automated, real-time diagnostic procedures would greatly facilitate cancer diagnosis and classification. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is used for the first time to our knowledge to distinguish normal and malignant tumor cells from histological sections. We found that the concentration of trace elements in normal and tumor cells was significantly different. For comparison, the tissue samples were also analyzed by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICPES) system. The results from the LIBS measurement and ICPES analysis were in good agreement.
Sheet‐Based Tissue Engineering: From Bench Top to the First Clinical Use of a Completely Biological Tissue Engineered Blood Vessel (2006)

The initial vision of Tissue Engineering was to produce living, autologous and completely biological organs for transplant. However, in the case of blood vessels, previous approaches have relied on permanent synthetic scaffolds to provide the requisite mechanical strength. Sheet‐Based Tissue Engineering is the first method that allows the in vitro production of mechanically sounds tissues and organs without the need for exogenous scaffolding. Tissue engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) were produced from skin fibroblasts and endothelial cells isolated from older patients suffering from vascular disease and/or diabetes. In animal models, TEBVs showed long‐term patency (over 8 months), no mechanical failure and positive histological remodeling. A small clinical trial was initiated to asses the potential of the TEBV as a arteriovenous shunt. At the time of submission, TEBVs produced from the cells of patients (age: 67±11 y, n=6) have all demonstrated satisfactory burst pressures (3658±1074 mmHg), suture retention strength (192±29 gf) and compliance (2.6±0.4 %/100mmHg). First clinical use revealed that these TEBVs can be easily sutured using standard equipment and technique. Grafts showed high flow (>1L/min), no signs of mechanical failure and patency through 6 months (on going). Grafts resisted repeated puncture and could be use for hemodialysis. IVUS studies revealed an almost 3‐fold increase in compliance without vessel dilatation. These data demonstrate the feasibility of producing completely biological and autologous TEBVs for arterial bypass from cells of elderly patients in poor health. Partly funded by NIH/NHLBI R44HL64462.
Computer-Aided Prostate Cancer Diagnosis From Digitized Histopathology: A Review on Texture-Based Systems (2014)

Prostate cancer (PCa) is currently diagnosed by microscopic evaluation of biopsy samples. Since tissue assessment heavily relies on the pathologists level of expertise and interpretation criteria, it is still a subjective process with high intra- and interobserver variabilities. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) may have a major impact on detection and grading of PCa by reducing the pathologists reading time, and increasing the accuracy and reproducibility of diagnosis outcomes. However, the complexity of the prostatic tissue and the large volumes of data generated by biopsy procedures make the development of CAD systems for PCa a challenging task. The problem of automated diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma from histopathology has received a lot of attention. As a result, a number of CAD systems, have been proposed for quantitative image analysis and classification. This review aims at providing a detailed description of selected literature in the field of CAD of PCa, emphasizing the role of texture analysis methods in tissue description. It includes a review of image analysis tools for image preprocessing, feature extraction, classification, and validation techniques used in PCa detection and grading, as well as future directions in pursuit of better texture-based CAD systems.
Advances in Pore Structure Evaluation by Porometry (2010)

Abstract The principle and technique of porometry, the measurable pore structure characteristics, and the significance of the measured quantities are reviewed. Advances in porometry and their applications are considered. Recently developed innovative and novel techniques used for porometry are also discussed.
Polar Aprotic Modifiers for Chromatographic Separation and Back-Exchange Reduction for Protein Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Monitored by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (2012)

Hydrogen/deuterium exchange monitored by mass spectrometry is an important non-perturbing tool to study protein structure and protein–protein interactions. However, water in the reversed-phase liquid chromatography mobile phase leads to back-exchange of D for H during chromatographic separation of proteolytic peptides following H/D exchange, resulting in incorrect identification of fast-exchanging hydrogens as unexchanged hydrogens. Previously, fast high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and supercritical fluid chromatography have been shown to decrease back-exchange. Here, we show that replacement of up to 40% of the water in the LC mobile phase by the modifiers, dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) (i.e., polar organic modifiers that lack rapid exchanging hydrogens), significantly reduces back-exchange. On-line LC micro-ESI FT-ICR MS resolves overlapped proteolytic peptide isotopic distributions, allowing for quantitative determination of the extent of back-exchange. The DMF modified solvent composition also improves chromatographic separation while reducing back-exchange relative to conventional solvent.
Identification of a second cellulose synthase gene (acsAII) in Acetobacter xylinum (1995)

A second cellulose synthase gene (acsAII) coding for a 175-kDa polypeptide that is similar in size and sequence to the acsAB gene product has been identified in Acetobacter xylinum AY201. Evidence for the presence of this gene was obtained during analysis of A. xylinum mutants in which the acsAB gene was disrupted (I.M. Saxena, K. Kudlicka, K. Okuda, and R.M. Brown, Jr., J. Bacteriol. 176:5735-5752, 1994). Although these mutants produced no detectable cellulose, they exhibited significant cellulose synthase activity in vitro. The acsAII gene was isolated by using an acsAB gene fragment as a probe. The acsAII gene coded for cellulose synthase activity as determined from sequence analysis and study of mutants in which this gene was disrupted. A mutant in which only the acsAII gene was disrupted showed no significant differences in either the in vivo cellulose production or the in vitro cellulose synthase activity compared with wild-type cells. Mutants in which both the acsAII and acsAB genes were disrupted produced no cellulose in vivo and exhibited negligible cellulose synthase activity in vitro, thus confirming that the cellulose synthase activity observed in the acsAB mutants was coded by the acsAII gene. These results establish the presence of an additional gene for cellulose synthase expressed in cells of A. xylinum, yet this gene is not required for cellulose production when cells are grown under laboratory conditions.