gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Hydroxyl (OH) distributions and temperature profiles in a premixed propane flame obtained by laser deflection techniques (1984)

OH-concentration distributions and temperature profiles have been measured on a premixed propane–air flame by laser deflection techniques. Photothermal deflection spectroscopy has been utilized for the measurement of the OH radical. Both a low-spatial-resolution (near collinear) and high-spatial-resolution (crossed-beam) scheme were used to profile the premixed flame. An optoacoustic deflection technique was utilized for thermometry. Both average-temperature profiles and probability distribution functions were determined by this technique. A comparison with data obtained by the CARS technique demonstrated that no significant flame perturbation was occurring.
Solid-phase Pd-catalysed cross-coupling methods for the construction of π-conjugated peptide nanomaterials (2013)

We describe the development of two procedures for the synthesis of peptides that are embedded with a variety of π-conjugated semi-conducting oligomers. These procedures utilise solid-phase variants of classical palladium-catalysed cross-couplings commonly used to prepare π-conjugated oligomers. The resulting peptide–π–electron hybrids are soluble in aqueous media and self-assemble to produce 1D nanostructures, simultaneously forming networks of π-stacked conduits. The procedures have allowed for the inclusion of complex chromophores including mixed aryl units, ethynylene linkers and sexithiophenes where the latter peptide's nanostructures demonstrated substantial conductivity when employed as an active layer in a field-effect transistor.
Optimization of Contrast Material Dose for Abdominal Multi-Detector Row CT: Predicting Patient Lean Body Weight by Using Preliminary Transverse CT Images (2014)

Estimated LBW could be used to determine the contrast material dose and rate during MDCT. The aim of this study is to test the accuracy of a technique for estimation of lean body weight (LBW) from a single multi-detector row computed tomographic (MDCT) abdominal image, using a bioelectrical body composition analyzer scale as the reference standard. CT images of 21 patients with previously measured LBW (mLBW) were processed using computer-assisted, vendor-specific software (Advantage Windows 4.2; GE Healthcare, Inc). For each transverse image, a fat-fraction was automatically measured as the number of fat pixels (-200 to -50 HU) divided by the total number of pixels having an attenuation value ≥-200 HU. Estimated LBW (eLBW) of five single contiguous sections was calculated in each of three abdominal regions (upper abdomen, mid abdomen and pelvis) by multiplying TBW by (1 – fat-fraction). Bland-Altman plot with limits of agreement was used to assess agreement between mLBW and eLBW. The mean mLBW for all patients was 56 kg (range, 39 - 75 kg). Mean differences and limits of agreement between mLBW and eLBW measurements for the upper abdomen, mid abdomen and pelvis reported were -8.9 kg (-25.6 kg, +7.5 kg), -10.6 kg (-27.7 kg, +6.4 kg), and +0.5 kg (-12.8 kg, +13.8 kg) respectively. eLBW deriving directly from a transverse CT image of the pelvis can accurately predict mLBW.
Biochips Containing Arrays of Carbon-Nanotube Electrodes (2008)

Biochips containing arrays of nanoelectrodes based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are being developed as means of ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of specific deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) biomarkers for purposes of medical diagnosis and bioenvironmental monitoring. In mass production, these biochips could be relatively inexpensive (hence, disposable). These biochips would be integrated with computer-controlled microfluidic and microelectronic devices in automated hand-held and bench-top instruments that could be used to perform rapid in vitro genetic analyses with simplified preparation of samples. Carbon nanotubes are attractive for use as nanoelectrodes for detection of biomolecules because of their nanoscale dimensions and their chemical properties.
Development of the dual-sided microstructured semiconductor neutron detector (2014)

Microstructured semiconductor neutron detectors (MSNDs) have long been investigated as a replacement for inefficient thin-film-coated semiconductor neutron detectors. Thin-film-coated semiconductor thermal neutron detection efficiency is restricted to 4-5%. MSNDs improved upon these devices with etched perforations into the diode backfilled with neutron conversion material. Neutron absorption and reaction-product detection efficiency was greatly improved, leading to theoretical intrinsic thermal neutron detection efficiencies greater than 45%. Previous attempts at double-stacking MSNDs to increase the detection efficiency were successful, but were accomplished with great difficulty, where device alignment and proved to be challenging. The development of the dual-sided microstructured semiconductor neutron detector (DSMSND) provides the simplicity of a single device with the detection efficiency of a double-stacked detector. Trenches were etched into the top and bottom of a single vertical pvn-junction Si diode and backfilled with 6LiF neutron conversion material. The first such devices fabricated yielded thermal neutron detection efficiencies between 9.6-16.6%. Theoretical intrinsic thermal neutron detection efficiencies of greater than 79% are possible with a single 1-mm thick silicon diode.
Intelligent Data Acquisition Blends Targeted and Discovery Methods (2014)

A mass spectrometry (MS) method is described here that can reproducibly identify hundreds of peptides across multiple experiments. The method uses intelligent data acquisition to precisely target peptides while simultaneously identifying thousands of other, nontargeted peptides in a single nano-LC-MS/MS experiment. We introduce an online peptide elution order alignment algorithm that targets peptides based on their relative elution order, eliminating the need for retention-time-based scheduling. We have applied this method to target 500 mouse peptides across six technical replicate nano-LC-MS/MS experiments and were able to identify 440 of these in all six, compared with only 256 peptides using data-dependent acquisition (DDA). A total of 3757 other peptides were also identified within the same experiment, illustrating that this hybrid method does not eliminate the novel discovery advantages of DDA. The method was also tested on a set of mice in biological quadruplicate and increased the number of identified target peptides in all four mice by over 80% (826 vs 459) compared with the standard DDA method. We envision real-time data analysis as a powerful tool to improve the quality and reproducibility of proteomic data sets.
Room-Temperature Mobility of Two-Dimensional Electron Gas in Selectively Doped GaAs/N-AlGaAs Heterojunction Structures (1981)

Room-temperature mobility of two-dimensional electron gas accumulating at a heterojunction interface in selectively doped GaAs/ N -AlGaAs grown by MBE was shown to be potentially as high as 8,600 cm 2 /Vs with a sheet electron concentration of 5.5×10 11 cm -2 . This is almost twice as high as the mobility in conventional GaAs FETs with typical carrier concentrations.
Determination of Wood Properties Using Near Infrared Sprectroscopy (2004)

This study investigates the use of Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as a nondestructive means of determining wood properties. The parallel to the grain modulus of elasticity was predicted from the near infrared spectra and compared to the modulus of elasticity obtained from tensile tests. Analysis was also performed to determine if NIR spectroscopy is a viable means to determine in situ properties of wood using hand-held spectrometers that have a smaller spectra range. The hand-held spectrometers were modeled by using reduced NIR spectra in order to determine the modulus of elasticity. The results demonstrated that NIR spectroscopy has excellent correlation (r = 0.93) to the modulus of elasticity. The reduced NIR spectra also had a good correlation (r = 0.90) thus making Near Infrared spectroscopy a feasible, nondestructive technique to determine wood properties.
EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTROLLED-RELEASE FORMULATIONS OF MCH FOR PREVENTING DOUGLAS-FIR BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) INFESTATION IN FELLED TREES (1977)

Abstract Five controlled-release granular formulations were developed that eluted 3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (MCH) in the laboratory at a rate ≥ 0.5µg/h for 60 days. Elution rate was determined by trapping gaseous radioactive MCH followed by scintillation counting. The inert components of these formulations consisted either of a wax-coated molecular sieve, polyethylene emulsion-coated ground corncob, or dimer acid polyamide beads. These formulations and a liquid standard were applied 9 May just prior to Douglas-fir beetle ( Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopk.) flight to plots containing single, freshly felled Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca ) trees. Three months later, infestation by Douglas-fir beetle and other insects was evaluated. All treatments except coated corncobs and certain applications of the molecular sieve significantly reduced Douglas-fir beetle attacks. Douglas-fir beetle brood in three treatments was significantly less than in controls. Abundance of entomophagous insects was proportional to density of host beetle attacks. Douglas-fir beetle attack density was negatively correlated with degree of infestation by the scolytid Pseudohylesinus nebulosus (Lee).
Insulation failure prediction in induction machines using line-neutral voltages (2002)

This paper presents both the experimental results and a simple theoretical validation of a novel technique used to detect turn faults in a single phase of the stator of an induction machine. The algebraic sum of the three instantaneous line-neutral voltages is shown to readily identify the occurrence of an insulation fault. Since this sum contains frequency components due to stator core magnetic saturation, slot harmonics etc., the detection sensitivity can be greatly improved by removal of these frequencies by band-pass filtering this sum around the fundamental. As the technique relies on deviations in phase impedance balance occurring during turn faults, and not changes in average phase impedance values-attributable to differing normal operating conditions-the technique is largely immune to varying load conditions, operating temperatures and source voltage perturbations. Furthermore, it is shown that this technique is not only free of relatively complicated calculations, but expectedly more so immune to numerical errors in comparison to existing techniques based upon accurate sequence calculations of voltage and current. The simplicity of this technique allows a low-cost analog or digital implementation wherein a turn fault can be reliably detected within a single cycle of the fundamental machine excitation.
Material design and package-level reliability of a novel low-temperature solder based on intermetallic-compound phases with superior high-homologous temperature properties (2008)

A novel low-temperature solder which consists entirely of two phases of intermetallic compounds is developed as a reliable low-temperature interconnect. The new solder can be reflowed below 125C and yet exhibits excellent mechanical properties at homologous temperatures exceeding 0.9. Specifically, the new solder exhibits creep resistance an order of magnitude greater than conventional low-temperature solders, and the strength retention ability exceeding that of Sn-4%Ag-0.5%Cu (SAC405) at the same homologous temperatures. The mixture of two intermetallic compounds also exhibit extensive ductility comparable to conventional solders at room-temperature. Dramatic enhancement of wettability is achieved with addition of active metals via reactive wetting mechanisms. The new alloy exhibits excellent thermo-mechanical fatigue resistance with ≪5% failure after 1000 cycles and shock performance superior to SAC405.
Modeling Ink Spreading for Color Prediction (2002)

This study aims at modeling ink spreading in order to improve the prediction of the reflection spectra of three ink color prints. Ink spreading is a kind of dot gain which causes significant color deviations in ink jet printing. We have developed an ink spreading model which requires the consideration of only a limited number of cases. Using a combinatorial approach based on Pólya's counting theory, we determine a small set of ink drop configurations which allows us to deduce the ink spreading in all other cases. This improves the estimation of the area covered by each ink combination that is crucial in color prediction models. In a previous study, we developed a unified color prediction model. This model, augmented by the ink spreading model, predicts accurately the reflection spectra of halftoned samples printed on various ink jet printers. For each printer, the reflection spectra of 125 samples uniformly distributed in the CMY color cube were computed. The average prediction error between measured and predicted spectra is about ΔE = 2.5 in CIELAB. Such a model simplifies the calibration of ink jet printers, as well as their recalibrations when ink or paper is changed.
Gradiometer Using Middle Loops as Sensing Elements in a Low-Field SQUID MRI System (2009)

A new gradiometer scheme uses middle loops as sensing elements in lowfield superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This design of a second order gradiometer increases its sensitivity and makes it more uniform, compared to the conventional side loop sensing scheme with a comparable matching SQUID. The space between the two middle loops becomes the imaging volume with the enclosing cryostat built accordingly.
Rapid Chemical Reaction Workup Based on a Rigid Solvent Extraction (2014)

The conventional chemical reaction workup based on liquid-liquid extraction is a time- and labor-consuming practice. We have developed a substantially faster technique for the routine workup that relies on a porous organic polymer (Porelite) supported solvent phase to extract organic products from an aqueous reaction mixture. We call this process rigid solvent extraction. Using this technique, the tedious liquid-liquid extraction can be replaced by a simple filtration, making parallel operation and automation feasible.
Ubiquitinated Proteins Isolated From Tumor Cells Are Efficient Substrates for Antigen Cross-Presentation (2017)

We have previously shown that inhibition of the proteasome causes defective ribosomal products to be shunted into autophagosomes and subsequently released from tumor cells as defective ribosomal products in Blebs (DRibbles). These DRibbles serve as an excellent source of antigens for cross-priming of tumor-specific T cells. Here, we examine the role of ubiquitinated proteins (Ub-proteins) in this pathway. Using purified Ub-proteins from tumor cells that express endogenous tumor-associated antigen or exogenous viral antigen, we tested the ability of these proteins to stimulate antigen-specific T-cell responses, by activation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells generated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Compared with total cell lysates, we found that purified Ub-proteins from both a gp100-specific melanoma cell line and from a lung cancer cell line expressing cytomegalovirus pp65 antigen produced a significantly higher level of IFN-γ in gp100- or pp65-specific T cells, respectively. In addition, Ub-proteins from an allogeneic tumor cell line could be used to stimulate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes isolated and expanded from non-small cell lung cancer patients. These results establish that Ub-proteins provide a relevant source of antigens for cross-priming of antitumor immune responses in a variety of settings, including endogenous melanoma and exogenous viral antigen presentation, as well as antigen-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Thus, ubiquitin can be used as an affinity tag to enrich for unknown tumor-specific antigens from tumor cell lysates to stimulate tumor-specific T cells ex vivo or to be used as vaccines to target short-lived proteins.
VIRUSES AND THE TYPE I INTERFERON ANTIVIRAL SYSTEM: INDUCTION AND EVASION (2002)

The type I interferon (IFN) system responds to viral infection and induces an "antiviral state" in cells, providing an important first line of defense against virus infection. Interaction of type I IFNs (IFN alpha and IFN beta) with their receptor induces hundreds of cellular genes. Of the proteins induced by IFN, the antiviral function of only a few is known, and their mechanisms of action are only partly understood. Additionally, although viral-encoded mechanisms that counteract specific components of the type I IFN response have been known for some time, it has recently become clear that many (if not most) viruses encode some form of IFN-antagonist. Understanding the interplay between viral-encoded IFN antagonists and the interferon response will be essential if the therapeutic potential of IFNs is to be fully exploited.
SIP: Understanding the Session Initiation Protocol (2001)

Now in its fourth edition, the ground-breaking Artech House bestseller SIP: Understanding the Session Initiation Protocol offers you the most comprehensive and current understanding of this revolutionary protocol for call signaling and IP Telephony. The fourth edition incorporates changes in SIP from the last five years with new chapters on internet threats and attacks, WebRTC and SIP, and substantial updates throughout.
A Multi-Modality CMOS Sensor Array for Cell-Based Assay and Drug Screening (2015)

In this paper, we present a fully integrated multi-modality CMOS cellular sensor array with four sensing modalities to characterize different cell physiological responses, including extracellular voltage recording, cellular impedance mapping, optical detection with shadow imaging and bioluminescence sensing, and thermal monitoring. The sensor array consists of nine parallel pixel groups and nine corresponding signal conditioning blocks. Each pixel group comprises one temperature sensor and 16 tri-modality sensor pixels, while each tri-modality sensor pixel can be independently configured for extracellular voltage recording, cellular impedance measurement (voltage excitation/current sensing), and optical detection. This sensor array supports multi-modality cellular sensing at the pixel level, which enables holistic cell characterization and joint-modality physiological monitoring on the same cellular sample with a pixel resolution of <formula formulatype="inline" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex Notation="TeX">$80\ \mu{\rm m}\times 100\ \mu{\rm m}$</tex></formula> . Comprehensive biological experiments with different living cell samples demonstrate the functionality and benefit of the proposed multi-modality sensing in cell-based assay and drug screening.
Etiology and Treatment of Vasospasm following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (1979)

In our recent study, biochemical analysis of spasmegenic substances released from blood or a blood-CSF mixture has been performed. These vasoactive substances were applied in both in vitro and in vivo experiments and it was found that oxyhemoglobin or its allied polypeptide, produced in the process of clot lysis or during the breakdown of blood corpuscles, was the main causative substance for prolonged vasospasm. In this study, morphological examination using the fluorescent antibody and the ferritin antibody methods were undertaken to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of spasmogenic reaction of hemoglobin on cerebral vessels. Hemoglobin was found to be distributed in the adventitia and in the smooth muscle layer of the media. Haptoglobin, which is a normal constituent of serum, is known to bind with hemoglobin to form a chemically stable hemoglobin-haptaglobin compound. Vasospasm was released by the application of haptoglobin both in vitro and in vivo. Based on these experimental results, clinical use of haptoglobin was made in 27 patients with vasospasm. In 17 cases, angiographical spasm was progressively increased or decreased on the the day prior to surgery. Fourteen of the 17 cases showed angiographical improvement of vasospasm after use of haptoglobin. We also discuss the development of postoperative vasospasm due to the operation itself.
Hormone-based control for self-reconfigurable robots (2000)

Article Hormone-based control for self-reconfigurable robots Share on Authors: Wei-Min Shen Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CAView Profile , Yimin Lu Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CAView Profile , Peter Will Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CA Information Sciences Institute, 4676 Admiralty Way, Marina del Rey, CAView Profile Authors Info & Claims AGENTS '00: Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Autonomous agentsJune 2000 Pages 1–8https://doi.org/10.1145/336595.336602Online:01 June 2000Publication History 42citation713DownloadsMetricsTotal Citations42Total Downloads713Last 12 Months27Last 6 weeks8 Get Citation AlertsNew Citation Alert added!This alert has been successfully added and will be sent to:You will be notified whenever a record that you have chosen has been cited.To manage your alert preferences, click on the button below.Manage my AlertsNew Citation Alert!Please log in to your account Save to BinderSave to BinderCreate a New BinderNameCancelCreateExport CitationPublisher SiteGet Access
Flow-Induced Crystallization of Collagen: A Potentially Critical Mechanism in Early Tissue Formation (2016)

The type I collagen monomer is one of nature's most exquisite and prevalent structural tools. Its 300 nm triple-helical motifs assemble into tough extracellular fibers that transition seamlessly across tissue boundaries and exceed cell dimensions by up to 4 orders of magnitude. In spite of extensive investigation, no existing model satisfactorily explains how such continuous structures are generated and grown precisely where they are needed (aligned in the path of force) by discrete, microscale cells using materials with nanoscale dimensions. We present a simple fiber drawing experiment, which demonstrates that slightly concentrated type I collagen monomers can be "flow-crystallized" to form highly oriented, continuous, hierarchical fibers at cell-achievable strain rates (<1 s(-1)) and physiologically relevant concentrations (∼50 μM). We also show that application of tension following the drawing process maintains the structural integrity of the fibers. While mechanical tension has been shown to be a critical factor driving collagen fibril formation during tissue morphogenesis in developing animals, the precise role of force in the process of building tissue is not well understood. Our data directly couple mechanical tension, specifically the extensional strain rate, to collagen fibril assembly. We further derive a "growth equation" which predicts that application of extensional strains, either globally by developing muscles or locally by fibroblasts, can rapidly drive the fusion of already formed short fibrils to produce long-range, continuous fibers. The results provide a pathway to scalable connective tissue manufacturing and support a mechano-biological model of collagen fibril deposition and growth in vivo.
Circular holographic video display system (2011)

A circular holographic video display system reconstructs holographic video. Phase-only spatial light modulators are tiled in a circular configuration in order to increase the field of view. A beam-splitter is used to align the active area of the SLMs side by side without any gap. With the help of this configuration observers can see 3D ghost-like image floating in space and can move and rotate around the object. The 3D reconstructions can be observed binocularly. Experimental results are satisfactory.