gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Matrices to Serve as Niches for Muscle Cell Transplantation (2011)

Poor cell retention and limited cell survival after grafting are major limitations of cell therapy. Recent studies showed that the use of matrices as vehicles at the time of cell injection can significantly improve cell engraftment by providing an appropriate structure and physical support for the injected cells. Properly designed matrices can also promote the organization of the cells into a functioning cardiac-like tissue and enhance integration between the host and the engrafted tissue. Furthermore, the use of an injectable biomaterial provides an opportunity to release in situ bioactive molecules that can further enhance the beneficial effects of cell transplantation. In this article we review a large variety of biologically derived synthetic and hybrid materials that have been tested as matrices for cardiac repair. We summarize the optimal parameters required for an ideal matrix including biocompatibility, injectability, degradation rate, and mechanical properties. Using an in vivo subcutaneous grafting model, we also provide novel data involving a side-by-side comparison of six synthetic matrices derived from maltodextrin. By systematically varying polymer molecular weight, cross-link density, and availability of cell adhesion motifs, a synthetic matrix was identified that supported skeletal myotube formation similar to Matrigel™. Our results emphasize not only the need to have a range of tunable matrices for cardiac cell therapy but also the importance of further characterizing the physical properties required for an ideal injectable matrix.
<title>Mechanisms for protein micro-/nano-patterning on photopolymer substrates</title> (2000)

Two mechanisms can be applied initially for the high resolution patterning on radiation-assisted functionalized polymer surfaces: hydrophobicity-controlled patterning; and chemical linkage. The present contribution assesses the merits and drawbacks of these mechanisms in terms of resolution and contrast of protein/peptide features. Two microlithographic materials (an acrylate-based system and a diazo-naphto-quinone one); and two lithographic methods (e-beam and optical) have been used to test the merits of the protein patterning mechanisms. The hydrophobicity-controlled patterning produces sharp images but with multiple defects, whereas chemical linkage produces defect-free images but with a decreased contrast. The benefits of a third mechanism for protein confinement, namely bimolecular specific recognition, was explored in the view of the possible fabrication of artificial molecular motors.
Ferromagnetic Nanowire Metamaterials: Theory and Applications (2011)

An overview of ferromagnetic nanowire (FMNW) metamaterials is presented. First, FMNW metamaterials are placed in the historical context of antique composites and 20th Century artificial dielectrics, and presented as an example of second-generation metamaterials following the microstructured metamaterials developed in the first part of the decade. Next, the fabrication processes of FMNW metamaterials and subsequent planar devices are detailed. It is then shown how the geometrical properties of the FMNW structure, such as the wire diameter and the wire nanodisk thicknesses, determine the dc and RF responses of the material. Upon this basis, the modeling of the metamaterial is presented, using a two-level approach where the microscopic (with respect to the wires) susceptibility is derived by solving the Landau-Lifshitz equation and the macroscopic (metamaterial) permittivity and permeability tensors are obtained by effective medium theory. Next, a review of FMNW microwave devices, such as circulators, isolators, and phase shifters, is provided, and the example of an FMNW dual-band edge-mode isolator is studied. Finally, spintronic effects and applications of FMNW metamaterials, such as dc to RF generators and detectors based on the spin-torque transfer phenomenon, are reviewed.
Interconnection scheme and associated mapping method of reconfigurable cell matrices based on nanoscale devices (2009)

This paper describes an interconnection scheme and its associated mapping method, used to program complex functions onto reconfigurable architectures, based on nanoscale logic cells. To interconnect such fine-grain logic cells, classical techniques are not suitable because of a large overhead. Therefore, we propose the use of static and incomplete interconnection topologies. We also propose a method to map functions onto such architectures. To evaluate the 4 different proposed topologies, we test mapping efficiency, performances and fault tolerance. The analyses show that this approach could improve the scalability of traditional EPGAs by a factor of 8.
<title>Semiconductor emitter based 32-channel spectrophotometer module for real-time process measurements</title> (1990)

A new type of semiconductor emitter based multichannel spectrophotometer has been designed and tested. The spectrophotometer consists of a small electrically conirolled narrow band light source an optical receiver and microprocessor electronics for data processing. The light source is based on a 32-element GaAs and GaAIAs LED chip array which is connected to a diffraction grating and feedback optics. The source is capable of emitting intensity-stabilized single-beam narrow band light pulses. The wavelength of the light pulse can be selected by the electronics without using any moving parts. The optical mechanical and optoelectronic parts of the source have been integrated to form a compact hybrid construction. Main characteristics have been tested with an experimental 32-channel spectrophotometer designed for the wavelength range 810 nm - 1060 nm. Measured wavelength half-power bandwidths are 8 nm and channel separation is 7. 5 nm. A single spectrum scan can be recorded in 8 ms. 64 scans are averaged by the microprocessor electronics and data is transferred to a PC for a multicomponent spectrum analysis program. Output light power level is better than i05 times the averaged detector noise level. The wavelength range used is optimized for near infrared transmittance (NIT) analysis of agricultural products. 1.
Defining the illness trajectory of metastatic breast cancer (2013)

This is the first study to systematically explore the experience of women over time to define the metastatic breast cancer illness trajectory and provides evidence that current care provision is inadequate. Alternative models of care which address women's increasingly complex problems are needed.
Anti-tumor effect of inhibition of IL-6 signaling in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (2015)

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most frequent malignant salivary gland cancer. Response to chemoradiotherapy is modest, and therefore radical surgery remains the standard-of-care. Emerging evidence suggests that Interleukin (IL)-6 signaling correlates with the survival of cancer stem cells and resistance to therapy. Here, we investigated whether inhibition of IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) signaling with tocilizumab (humanized anti-human IL-6R antibody) sensitizes MEC to chemotherapy using human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell lines (UM-HMC) and correspondent xenograft models. In vitro, we observed that tocilizumab inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation but had no measurable effect in MEC cell viability (UM-HMC-1,-3A,-3B). In contrast, the anti-tumor effect of single agent tocilizumab on MEC xenografts was comparable to paclitaxel or cisplatin. Combination of tocilizumab with cisplatin or paclitaxel enhanced the inhibitory effect of chemotherapy on xenograft growth (P < 0.05), time to failure (P < 0.01), decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and tumor microvessel density (P < 0.05) without added systemic toxicities. Notably, tocilizumab decreased the fraction of MEC cancer stem cells (ALDH(high)CD44(high)) in vitro, and prevented paclitaxel-induced increase in the fraction of cancer stem cells in vivo (P < 0.05). Collectively, these findings demonstrate that tocilizumab enhances the anti-tumor effect of conventional chemotherapy in preclinical models of mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and suggest that patients might benefit from combination therapy with an inhibitor of IL-6R signaling and chemotherapeutic agent such as paclitaxel.
Microstructural studies of modified SBN ceramics (2002)

Strontium barium niobate (SBN) is a ferroelectric solid solution with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure. SBN exhibits excellent pyroelectric and electro-optic properties. Solid solutions of (Sr/sub x/Ba/sub 1-x/)/sub 0.8/ Na/sub 0.4/R/sub y/Nb/sub 2/O/sub 6/ where R/sub y/=Y, Zn, Mg, Fe, have been prepared by the conventional ceramic technique. The microstructures were studied with the aid of a scanning electron microscope on fractured surfaces of ceramic compositions and the average grain diameter was measured by the linear intercept method. The results are discussed in relation to the grain sizes.
Hydromorphone levels and pain control in patients with severe chronic pain (1988)

To better understand the use of narcotic analgesics, the hydromorphone concentration was measured in serum samples from 43 patients with chronic severe pain who were receiving this drug. At the time of blood sampling, pain intensity, mood, and cognitive performance were assessed. There was large individual variation in the dose-drug level relationship. Seven patients with bone or soft tissue pain and drug levels of greater than or equal to 4 ng/ml had good pain control, whereas 10 did not. None of 15 patients with levels less than 4 ng/ml had pain control, despite drug doses similar to those given patients with higher levels. Thus 60% of the patients without control of their pain had hydromorphone levels below the lowest level that produced pain control. No patient with pain from nerve infiltration or compression had good pain control, irrespective of the drug level or dose. Poor mood correlated with high pain intensity and low drug level. Impaired cognitive performance was not related to drug level. Knowing that there is a low concentration of narcotic in the blood of a patient with chronic severe pain who is receiving high drug doses and who shows lack of both efficacy and side effects may reassure health care professionals that further narcotic dosage escalation is appropriate.
Generalised Sphere Decoding for Spatial Modulation (2013)

In this paper, Sphere Decoding (SD) algorithms for Spatial Modulation (SM) are developed to reduce the computational complexity of Maximum—Likelihood (ML) detectors. Two SDs specifically designed for SM are proposed and analysed in terms of Bit Error Ratio (BER) and computational complexity. Using Monte Carlo simulations and mathematical analysis, it is shown that by carefully choosing the initial radius the proposed sphere decoder algorithms offer the same BER as ML detection, with a significant reduction in the computational complexity. A tight closed form expression for the BER performance of SM—SD is derived in the paper, along with an algorithm for choosing the initial radius which provides near to optimum performance. Also, it is shown that none of the proposed SDs are always superior to the others, but the best SD to use depends on the target spectral efficiency. The computational complexity trade—off offered by the proposed solutions is studied via analysis and simulation, and is shown to validate our findings. Finally, the performance of SM—SDs are compared to Spatial Multiplexing (SMX) applying ML decoder and applying SD. It is shown that for the same spectral efficiency, SM—SD offers up to 84% reduction in complexity compared to SMX—SD, with up to 1 dB better BER performance than SMX—ML decoder.
A comparative benchmark of digital delay compensation techniques based on a graphical approach (2017)

For a converter using the digital processor for control system, the digital time delay is a main reason to reduce the system bandwidth, leading to a relatively slow dynamic or even unstable operation. To alleviate the negative impacts of digital delays, numerous time delay compensation methods have been developed, of which the model-free schemes are independent to model accuracy whereas the model-based alternatives are sensitive to system modeling. This paper presents a graphical illustration of state-of-art model-free delay compensation techniques, where their principles and performances are intuitively and immediately elaborated and compared by means of the impulse area equivalence method. Then, the dynamic response of an LCL-filtered grid-connected inverter was tested with the studied delay compensation methods. Simulations and experimental test results validate the effectiveness of the graphical comparisons.
Cloud and SNS supported collaboration in AEC industry (2012)

The intrinsic construction project nature of one-of-a-kind and the requirement of massive data exchange make collaboration one of the critical factors towards success. However, due to the complexity of multiple phases and multi-disciplinary participants in project life cycle, industry level collaboration in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) sector remains a challenge. This paper proposes an integrated solution based mainly on social network services (SNS) and cloud computing. We present a novel platform named Construction Business Social Network Service (CBSNS), which is promising to be adopted as an industrial scope collaboration cloud. We describe its main functions as well as its privacy control mechanism. To better support its deployment as a community cloud, a three-pass load balance algorithm is proposed. The first pass sorts initial virtual machines (VMs) and physical machines (PMs) using bubble algorithm, during which parameters such as hungry threshold are considered. The second pass builds mappings between allocable PM queue and requesting VM queue using first come first served strategy, and groups Non-allocable VMs after designated time slice. The third pass handles possible exceptions when finally such ones existing. The actual time complexity of the algorithm is O(n) . While the commercial implementation of the algorithm is ongoing, the proposed CBSNS has been developed and used in real life application.
Characterization of Smart Phone Received Signal Strength Indication for WLAN Indoor Positioning Accuracy Improvement (2014)

Considering that indoor positioning applications based on wireless local area network location fingerprinting would be mainly used on the mobile devices. This paper investigates the differences of received signal strength indication (RSSI) between different smart phones and the distributions of RSSI are also analyzed. The statistical analysis of experimental results shows the differences of RSSI between different smart phones are not trivial. Nearly 65% of the RSSI histograms are significantly peaked relative to Gaussian distribution and 65% of them are left-skewed distribution. Therefore, taking skewness and kurtosis coefficients into account, Gaussian distribution is not sufficient to ensure an accurate modeling of the RSSI. The impacts of human behavior on RSSI distribution are explored and two types of human behavior are revealed to be the cause of bi-modal distribution. The statistical data analysis could enable smart phone indoor positioning systems designers to improve positioning performance and to model location fingerprinting based indoor positioning systems.
Nurses' views on sexuality. Why, what, and how to change. (1992)

What practicing professional nurses believe about the sexual functioning of their patients has a direct influence on the patients' psychological well being. A preliminary investigation identifying some of nurses' beliefs demonstrated their attitudes and knowledge about the effects of chronic disease on sexuality. Staff development educators can assist nursing staff to change attitudes and improve knowledge through an educational program outlined in this article.
Coevolutionary signals across protein lineages help capture multiple protein conformations (2013)

A long-standing problem in molecular biology is the determination of a complete functional conformational landscape of proteins. This includes not only proteins' native structures, but also all their respective functional states, including functionally important intermediates. Here, we reveal a signature of functionally important states in several protein families, using direct coupling analysis, which detects residue pair coevolution of protein sequence composition. This signature is exploited in a protein structure-based model to uncover conformational diversity, including hidden functional configurations. We uncovered, with high resolution (mean ~1.9 Å rmsd for nonapo structures), different functional structural states for medium to large proteins (200-450 aa) belonging to several distinct families. The combination of direct coupling analysis and the structure-based model also predicts several intermediates or hidden states that are of functional importance. This enhanced sampling is broadly applicable and has direct implications in protein structure determination and the design of ligands or drugs to trap intermediate states.
Amino Acid Conjugates of Lithocholic Acid As Antagonists of the EphA2 Receptor (2013)

The Eph receptor-ephrin system is an emerging target for the development of novel antiangiogenetic agents. We recently identified lithocholic acid (LCA) as a small molecule able to block EphA2-dependent signals in cancer cells, suggesting that its (5β)-cholan-24-oic acid scaffold can be used as a template to design a new generation of improved EphA2 antagonists. Here, we report the design and synthesis of an extended set of LCA derivatives obtained by conjugation of its carboxyl group with different α-amino acids. Structure-activity relationships indicate that the presence of a lipophilic amino acid side chain is fundamental to achieve good potencies. The l-Trp derivative (20, PCM126) was the most potent antagonist of the series disrupting EphA2-ephrinA1 interaction and blocking EphA2 phosphorylation in prostate cancer cells at low μM concentrations, thus being significantly more potent than LCA. Compound 20 is among the most potent small-molecule antagonists of the EphA2 receptor.
A SIMPLIFIED MINQUE PROCEDURE FOR THE ESTIMATION OF VARIANCE-COVARIANCE COMPONENTS OF GPS OBSERVABLES (2002)

AbstractMinimum Norm Quadratic Unbiased Estimation (MINQUE) is one of the commonly used methods for the estimation of variance-covariance components. The MINQUE procedure has been successfully used to estimate the variance-covariance components of GPS observations. However, the MINQUE procedure is a big computational burden, and the requirement of having an equal number of variancecovariance components in the estimation step is a major limitation. It is therefore difficult to implement this procedure when the number of observed satellites has changed during an observation period. In this paper, a simplified MINQUE procedure is proposed in which the computational load and time are significantly reduced The qualify of the results obtained is similar to those from the rigorous procedure. Furthermore, the effect of changing the number of satellites on the computations is effectively dealt with.
A sparse spin qubit array with integrated control electronics (2020)

© 2019 IEEE. Current implementations of quantum computers suffer from large numbers of control lines per qubit, becoming unmanageable with system scale up. Here, we discuss a sparse spin-qubit architecture featuring integrated control electronics significantly reducing the off-chip wire count. This quantum-classical hardware integration closes the feasibility gap towards a CMOS quantum computer.
WHIM syndrome caused by a single amino acid substitution in the carboxy-tail of chemokine receptor CXCR4 (2012)

WHIM syndrome is a rare, autosomal dominant, immunodeficiency disorder so-named because it is characterized by warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis (defective neutrophil egress from the BM). Gain-of-function mutations that truncate the C-terminus of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by 10-19 amino acids cause WHIM syndrome. We have identified a family with autosomal dominant inheritance of WHIM syndrome that is caused by a missense mutation in CXCR4, E343K (1027G → A). This mutation is also located in the C-terminal domain, a region responsible for negative regulation of the receptor. Accordingly, like CXCR4(R334X), the most common truncation mutation in WHIM syndrome, CXCR4(E343K) mediated approximately 2-fold increased signaling in calcium flux and chemotaxis assays relative to wild-type CXCR4; however, CXCR4(E343K) had a reduced effect on blocking normal receptor down-regulation from the cell surface. Therefore, in addition to truncating mutations in the C-terminal domain of CXCR4, WHIM syndrome may be caused by a single charge-changing amino acid substitution in this domain, E343K, that results in increased receptor signaling.
Characterization and localization of the products of the human homologs of the v-ets oncogene. (1988)

The avian erythroblastosis virus, E26, an acute leukemia virus, contains a transforming gene composed of two cellular components, v-myb and v-ets. The v-ets related sequences of man and other mammals consist of two transcriptionally active genes, ets-1 and ets-2, located on separate chromosomes. By contrast, both of these genes are contiguous in birds, are located on the same chromosome, and are coordinately transcribed. The human ets-1 and ets-2 gene products were identified by means of antibodies directed against the ets-1 and ets-2 encoded products. A 51 kD protein has been identified as the ets-1 gene product, and a 56 kD protein as the ets-2 gene product. Cellular fractionation studies indicated that the ets-1 protein is located in the cytoplasm and the ets-2 protein is nuclear. By comparison, the chicken ets protein, which contains both the ets-1 and ets-2 domains, distributes equally between the cytoplasm and nucleus. The differential compartmentalization of the ets gene products and their non-coordinate expression suggest that these proteins have different biological functions.
An enterprising industrial environment (1990)

'It must be very strange for a physicist to work for the Scottish Development Agency' is a comment I often hear from people who know of my background. Well, actually it isn't. The SDA employs about 80 people with degrees in science or engineering including electronic engineers, production engineers, biotechnologists, mechanical engineers and botanists, as well as numerous physicist. In general, we act as advisors to Scottish industry – helping new start companies get off the ground, encouraging US companies, for example, to locate in Scotland or finding ways of helping local companies to improve the quality of their products. Most of us leave our traditional subject boundaries far behind and concentrate on ensuring that we understand the wide range of technologies relevant to the needs of Scottish companies.