gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Identification of autonomous landing sign for unmanned aerial vehicle based on faster regions with convolutional neural network (2017)

In order to realize autonomous landing of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in power patrolling, a visual method vision based on Faster Regions with Convolutional Neural Network (Faster R-CNN) for UAVs is studied. In this paper, we design the landing sign of the combination of concentric circles and pentagon, and propose the Faster R-CNN recognition algorithm which can be used to identify the target sign. Faster R-CNN successfully identifying the landing mark is the most important step for the UAV autonomous landing. Then, the estimation algorithm of position and direction based on vision is proposed. Position and direction for the UAV landing can be obtained based on least squares ellipse fitting and Shi-Tomasi corner detection method after the landing sign is effectively identified by Faster R-CNN. The experimental results show that it can achieve recognition speed of nearly 81 millisecond each frame and 97.8% accuracy by using Faster R-CNN for detection and identification. The proposed method has better identification accuracy compared with three target identification methods, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification, the Back Propagation (BP) neural network and You Only Look Once (YOLO) based on deep learning. The position and direction estimation error of the vision algorithm is within the allowable range, and it can meet the UAV real-time landing requirements.
Regulatory Structure of the Biosynthetic Pathway for the Aspartate Family of Amino Acids in <i>Lemna paucicostata</i> Hegelm. 6746, with Special Reference to the Role of Aspartokinase (1989)

Comprehensive studies were made with Lemna paucicostata Hegelm. 6746 of the effects of combinations of lysine, methionine, and threonine on growth rates, soluble amino acid contents, aspartokinase activities, and fluxes of 4-carbon moieties from aspartate through the aspartokinase step into the amino acids of the aspartate family. These studies show that flux in vitro through the aspartokinase step is insensitive to inhibition by lysine or threonine, and confirm previous in vitro data in establishing that aspartokinase in vivo is present in two orders of magnitude excess of its requirements. No evidence of channeling of the products of the lysine- and threonine-sensitive aspartokinases was obtained, either form of the enzyme alone being more than adequate for the combined in vivo flux through the aspartokinase step. The marked insensitivity of flux through the aspartokinase step to inhibition by lysine or threonine strongly suggests that inhibition of aspartokinase by these amino acids is not normally a major factor in regulation of entry of 4-carbon units into the aspartate family of amino acids. Direct measurement of fluxes of 4-carbon units demonstrated that: (a) Lysine strongly feedback regulates its own synthesis, probably at the step catalyzed by dihydrodipicolinate synthase. (b) Threonine alone does not regulate its own synthesis in vivo, thereby confirming previous studies of the metabolism of [(14)C]threonine and [(14)C]homoserine in Lemna. This finding excludes not only aspartokinases as an important regulatory determinant of threonine synthesis, but also two other enzymes (homoserine dehydrogenase and threonine synthase) suggested to fulfill this role. Complete inhibition of threonine synthesis was observed only in the combined presence of accumulated threonine and lysine. The physiological significance of this single example of apparent regulation of flux at the aspartokinase step, albeit under unusually stringent conditions of aspartokinase inhibition, remains to be determined. (c) Isoleucine strongly inhibits its own synthesis, probably at threonine dehydratase, without causing compensatory reduction in threonine synthesis. A fundamentally changed scheme for regulation of synthesis of the aspartate family of amino acids is presented that has important implications for improvement of the nutritional contents of these amino acids in plants.
Complexes of functional phosphines. 10. Palladium complexes with the ligands (diphenylphosphino)acetophenone, (Ph2PCHCOPh)- and Ph2PCHC(Ph)OPPh2. Crystal and molecular structure of cis-[PdCl2{Ph2PCH:C(Ph)OPPh2}] (1986)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTComplexes of functional phosphines. 10. Palladium complexes with the ligands (diphenylphosphino)acetophenone, (Ph2PCHCOPh)- and Ph2PCHC(Ph)OPPh2. Crystal and molecular structure of cis-[PdCl2{Ph2PCH:C(Ph)OPPh2}]Salah Eddine Bouaoud, Pierre Braunstein, Daniel Grandjean, Dominique Matt, and Dominique NobelCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1986, 25, 21, 3765–3770Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1986Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1986https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ic00241a012https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00241a012research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views257Altmetric-Citations70LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Mobile hardware security (2014)

Presents a collection of slides covering the following topics: mobile security background; trusted execution environment; ARM TrustZone <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TM</sup> ; side-channel attack; and authentication.
Loracarbef (LY163892) versus amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. (1992)

In this single-blind study, 579 patients with chronic bronchitis were randomly assigned to receive 400 mg of loracarbef twice daily or 500/125 mg of amoxicillin/clavulanate thrice daily for seven days. Treatment efficacy was evaluated in 129 of the loracarbef-treated patients and 120 amoxicillin/clavulanate-treated patients in whom pretreatment positive cultures of pathogens susceptible to both antibiotics were isolated. Three organisms predominated in either pure or mixed cultures in 57.0% of the evaluable patients: Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis; H influenzae was isolated in 25.0% of the patients with single pathogens. Among the evaluable patients, favorable clinical responses (cure or improvement) were noted in 93.8% of the loracarbef-treated patients and in 95.0% of the amoxicillin/clavulanate-treated patients. A favorable bacteriologic response (pathogen eliminated or presumed eliminated) was found in 82.2% of loracarbef-treated patients and 90.0% of amoxicillin/clavulanate-treated patients. Six patients in the loracarbef group and 14 in the amoxicillin/clavulanate group discontinued treatment because of adverse events. The events were judged to be drug related in four loracarbef-treated patients and in 11 amoxicillin/clavulanate-treated patients. The incidence of diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms was significantly more frequent in the amoxicillin/clavulanate group (13.5% and 5.6%) than in the loracarbef group (4.5% and 1.7%), while the incidence of severe headaches was significantly more frequent in the loracarbef than the amoxicillin/clavulanate group (7.2% vs 3.1%). It is concluded that loracarbef and amoxicillin/clavulanate are safe and effective in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.
Spector: Automatically Analyzing Shell Code (2007)

Detecting the presence of buffer overflow attacks in network messages has been a major focus. Only knowing whether a message contains an attack, however, is not always enough to mitigate the threat. It may also be critical to know what it does. Unfortunately, shell code is written in low-level assembly language, and can be obfuscated. The current method of analyzing shell code, manual reverse engineering, is time-consuming, requires significant expertise, and would be nearly impossible for a wide-scale polymorphic attack. In this paper, we introduce Spector, a symbolic execution engine that extracts meaningful high-level actions from shell code. Spector's high-level output helps facilitate attack mitigation and classification of different payloads that have the same behavior. To evaluate Spector, we tested it with over 23,000 unique payloads. It identified eleven different classes of shell code, and processed all the payloads in just over three hours. Spector also successfully classified polymorphic instances of the same shell code.
Repairable System Reliability: Recent Developments in CBM Optimization (2008)

This paper presents some developed and implemented theory which can be applied to optimization of condition-based maintenance decisions within the context of physical asset management. We examine a replacement problem for a system subject to stochastic deterioration. In particular, the analysis of a preventive replacement policy of the control-limit type for a system subject to inspections at discrete points of time is presented. Cox’s Proportional Hazards Model with Weibull baseline hazard function and time dependent stochastic covariates, reflecting the item’s condition, is used to describe the hazard rate of the system. Statistical results are then blended with economic or performance considerations to establish long-run optimal maintenance strategies. The structure of the decision-making software EXAKTTM is presented, and recently added optimization and prognostic capabilities are described.
[A comparison of digital planimetry and transparency tracing based methods for measuring diabetic cutaneous ulcer surface area]. (2008)

The digital planimetry method described in this study represents a simple, practical, without any wound damage and contamination, and inexpensive technique to accurately evaluate the areas of diabetic cutaneous ulcers. The photographic technique combined with Image J medical imaging software should be considered for wound measurement.
Site-Specific Protein Immobilization Using Unnatural Amino Acids (2014)

Protein immobilization confers the advantages of biological systems to a more chemical setting and has applications in catalysis, sensors, and materials development. While numerous immobilization techniques exist, it is optimal to develop a well-defined and chemically stable methodology to allow for full protein function. This paper describes the utilization of unnatural amino acid technologies to introduce bioorthogonal handles in a site-specific fashion for protein immobilization. To develop this approach a range of solid-supports, organic linkers, and protein immobilization sites have been investigated using a GFP reporter system. Overall, a sepharose resin derivatized with propargyl alcohol has afforded the highest yields of immobilized protein. Moreover, an unnatural amino acid residue protein context has been demonstrated, signifying a necessity to consider the protein site of immobilization. Finally, a resin-conferred stabilization was demonstrated in several organic solvents.
Adjuvant and pH Effects on Sethoxydim and Clethodim Activity on Rhizome Johnsongrass (<i>Sorghum halepense</i>) (1989)

Rhizome johnsongrass control with sethoxydim and clethodim was evaluated with the addition of three adjuvants: Agrioil 3 , BAS815 3 , and Li700 3 . Johnsongrass control was similar with the three adjuvants when either sethoxydim or clethodim was applied alone, but when bentazon was added, johnsongrass control declined with both sethoxydim and clethodim. Control generally declined less with BAS815 than with Agrioil or Li700, but the addition of BAS815 did not completely reverse the effects of adding bentazon to sethoxydim or clethodim. Johnsongrass control was not affected by adjusting pH when sethoxydim or clethodim was applied with bentazon and Agrioil. Johnsongrass control over a pH range of 3.5 to 6.5 via the addition of glacial acetic acid and calcium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide indicated a lack of pH dependence for these herbicides. The addition of ammonium hydroxide resulted in slight, but inconsistent increases in johnsongrass control.
Interaction between Poly(acrylic acid) and an Ethoxylated Nonionic Surfactant (2000)

The interaction between uncharged polymer and nonionic surfactants is usually weak or nonexistent, except for the association between polyacids and ethoxylated nonionic surfactants. In this paper we have studied the interaction between poly(acrylic acid) and an ethoxylated nonyl phenol ether. Below pH 3 an insoluble complex forms, which redissolves on addition of excess surfactant. While the amount of surfactant required to form the maximum amount of precipitate or redissolve the complex is linearly dependent on polymer concentration, that required for the onset of precipitation is not. Despite the polydisperse nature of the ethoxylate chain, little fractionation of the surfactant after precipitation was observed. The nonionic surfactant was preferentially partitioned into water rather than dodecane, except where the polymer/surfactant complex formed; in this case the complex dissolved mainly in the dodecane, forming a gel containing the oil. The origins of the effect of solution conditions and polymer characteristics on complex formation are discussed.
Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed CH Functionalization of Indoles Using an Axially Chiral 2,2′‐Bipyridine Ligand (2015)

A palladium-catalyzed enantioselective CH functionalization of indoles was achieved with an axially chiral 2,2'-bipyridine ligand, thus providing the desired indol-3-acetate derivatives with up to 98 % ee. Moreover, the reaction protocol was also effective for asymmetric OH insertion reaction of phenols using α-aryl-α-diazoacetates. This represents the first successful application of bipyridine ligands with axial chirality in palladium-catalyzed carbene migratory insertion reactions.
High-Throughput Screening in Protein Engineering: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives (2015)

Over the last three decades, protein engineering has established itself as an important tool for the development of enzymes and (therapeutic) proteins with improved characteristics. New mutagenesis techniques and computational design tools have greatly aided in the advancement of protein engineering. Yet, one of the pivotal components to further advance protein engineering strategies is the high-throughput screening of variants. Compartmentalization is one of the key features allowing miniaturization and acceleration of screening. This review focuses on novel screening technologies applied in protein engineering, highlighting flow cytometry- and microfluidics-based platforms.
Mobile forensics: A smartphone-based activity logger (2014)

Nowadays, mobile communication devices allow ubiquitous access to a plethora of rich contents and services, intended to make life easier. As a consequence, almost everyone carries a mobile phone almost everywhere. These devices can unobtrusively capture data from a multitude of built-in sensors, which may help detect and keep a record of relevant activity taking place. This is the starting point of this contribution - can a smartphone motion activity analysis and logger collect data useful for forensics applications? In fact, many daily problems could benefit from such an application, as the case of physical bullying, among many others. If the suspected activity is timely detected, then preventing alerts can be automatically generated, contributing to diminish the incidence of the problems. In any case, by keeping record of the detected events, and eventually by activating additional sensors (e.g., microphone, camera, GPS) to gather additional information, one might consider its latter usage for proving the event occurred at a given time and location. This paper proposes a smartphone application capable of identifying a set of user activities and inferring a semantic interpretation that could be useful for forensics analysis. It relies on smartphone sensors such as the three-axis accelerometers, microphone and GPS. The paper also identifies a list of application scenarios, reflecting some distress situations in which the device can keep record of relevant detected events for later proving they occurred according to given timeline.
Algorithm for Limited Angle CT Reconstruction with U-net Based Regularization (2020)

We propose an algorithm for limited angle CT which extends the LEARN algorithm of Chen et al. [IEEE TMI, 2018]. The algorithm is based on a superiorized [Herman et al., Med Phys, 2012] version of the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART), in which a convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to perturb the solution between SART iterations. Specifically, by assuming a fixed number of iterations and unrolling the iteration, it can be trained in end-to-end fashion as a neural network with untrained layers (representing forward and back projection) in addition to trained convolutional layers. Additionally, we replace the three-layer CNN used in LEARN with a U-net-based architecture to achieve multilevel decomposition and precise localization during the iterative training. The algorithm is implemented in Python using the Pyro-NN library [Syben et al., Med Phys, 2019] and trained on simulated limited angle data generated from lung CT images. Our numerical experiments indicate that the superiorized SART algorithm with U-net-based CNN significantly reduces artifacts arising in limited angle scenarios. In particular, it is able to recover internal features that similar methods using the three-layer CNN are unable to recover, such as edges of ribs and soft tissue.
Distributed Power Amplifier with electronic harmonic filtering (2009)

Providing all band power amplification and harmonic rejection are objectives with orthogonal implementations. This paper is a review of a new distributed power amplifier (DPA) architecture using programmable frequency dispersion. This frequency domain dispersion is designed to achieve electronic harmonic filtering within the intended frequency band. Tunable reactive components are not practical in a high power transmitter network. Instead vector signal combining is used to provide very narrow band destructive harmonic cancellation while the vector signal processing for the fundamental is constructive. This is a novel technology that enables an all band software defined transmitter suitable for portable battery power communications equipment.
Multimode Digital Controller for Synchronous Buck Converters Operating Over Wide Ranges of Input Voltages and Load Currents (2010)

This paper describes a digital pulsewidth modulation/pulse-frequency modulation (PWM/PFM) controller with input-voltage feedforward (IVFF) for synchronous buck dc-dc converters. The controller includes automatic PWM/PFM mode switching and effective synchronous operation with a minimum number of active components and without the need for current sensing in PFM mode of operation. IVFF improves efficiency and dynamic performance over a wide range of input voltages. Controller parameters, including the PWM switching frequency, the PFM pulse period, and the mode transition point are programmable, which enables efficiency optimization. Experimental results are shown for a synchronous buck converter with 5-12 V input voltage, and 1.3 V, 0-10 A output.
Surface enhanced Raman scattering with gold nanoparticles: effect of particle shape (2014)

The dependence of the Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) by gold nanoparticles on their shape is examined using the organic dye, rhodamine 6G (R6G) as probe molecule.
Cationic, linear Au(i) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis, structure and anti-mitochondrial activity (2006)

Six linear, two-coordinate cationic Au(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of the form [(R2Im)2Au]+ (R = Me 1, Me, Et 2, i-Pr 3, n-Bu 4, t-Bu 5 and Cy 6) have been prepared by the reaction of two equivalents of the appropriate dialkylimidazol-2-ylidene (R2Im) with (Me2S)AuCl in dmf. Single crystal structural studies for 1.PF6, 2.PF6), 3.Cl and 4-6.PF6 show that for all six complexes the gold(I) centres have quasi-linear C-Au-C coordination, with quasi-parallel pairs of aromatic imidazole planes, except in 5.PF6 where they are quasi-normal; in the latter, Au-C are 2.038(3), 2.033(3) A, cf. (e.g.) 2.027(2) A. Inter-cation Au...Au are close at 3.487(2), 3.525(2) A in 1PF6 and 2.PF6. The structural studies and low temperature NMR experiments provide no supportive evidence for the presence of pi back-bonding within this series of complexes. The lipophilicities of the six compounds, as estimated from the logarithm of the n-octanol-water partition coefficients (log P), varied across the series within the range -1.09 to 1.73. To investigate their potential as possible anti-mitochondrial anti-tumour agents, five of the compounds have been evaluated for their propensities to induce mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP) in isolated rat liver mitochondria. At concentrations between 1-10 microM compounds 1.Br and 3-6.Cl induced dose-dependent, Ca2+-sensitive mitochondrial swelling at rates that increased with the lipophilicities of the complexes, with the most lipophilic compounds inducing the most rapid onset of swelling. The swelling was completely inhibited by cyclosporin A, the specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.
Contributions of Gla and EGF-Like Domains to the Function of Vitamin K-Dependent Coagulation Factors (1999)

Blood coagulation is a response to vascular injury leading to the activation of platelets and coagulation factors with the ultimate formation of a fibrin plug. Several coagulation factors are zymogens of serine proteases that require vitamin K for normal biosynthesis. The active forms of these proteases and their cofactors form membrane-bound macromolecular complexes. In the final step prothrombin is activated to thrombin by active factor X in complex with its cofactor, factor V. Thrombin then cleaves designated peptide bonds in fibrinogen, resulting in the formation of fibrin monomers that polymerize to insoluble fibrin strands. This process is regulated by an anticoagulant counterpart, the so-called protein C anticoagulant system. Balance between the two systems is crucial to avoid bleeding on the one hand and thrombosis on the other. The coagulation and anticoagulation proteases, factors VII, IX, and X, and protein C, have a common domain structure with an N-terminal gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-containing domain that is followed by two domains that are homologous to the epidermal growth factor (EGF), whereas the C-terminal half of each protein is occupied by a trypsin-like serine protease domain. Prothrombin also has an N-terminal Gla domain and a C-terminal serine protease domain, but they are separated by two so-called kringle domains rather than EGF-like domains. Finally, the vitamin K-dependent cofactor protein S has one domain with thrombin-sensitive bonds and four EGF-like domains in tandem between the Gla domain and a C-terminal domain that is homologous to plasma steroid hormone-binding proteins. The N-terminal noncatalytic Gla and EGF-like domains that provide the coagulation serine proteases with unique properties, such as affinity for certain biological membranes, and also mediate protein-protein interactions, are the subject of this review.