gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
High Resiliency Polyurea Foam-An Improved Flexible Foam Matrix (1994)

It is likely that the development of urea technology for flexible seating foam applications has been hindered simply by a perceived incompatibility between the rapid isocyanate-amine reaction and the traditional «long» gel time foam processing requirements. We will show that the amine-isocyanate reaction rate can be controlled, thereby making urea technology useful in flexible foam applications. Conventional processability evaluations on low pressure metering equipment have shown that amine terminated polyether resins can be used in place of conventional polyols in typical foam formulations without jeopardizing desirable processing parameters. In addition, nonpolymer polyol reinforced polyurea foam matrixes have hardness properties comparable to or better than conventional polymer polyol filled urethane foams
Capacity-Achieving Rate-Compatible Polar Codes (2015)

We present a method of constructing rate-compatible polar codes that are capacity-achieving with low-complexity sequential decoders. The proposed code construction allows for incremental retransmissions at different rates in order to adapt to channel conditions. The main idea of the construction exploits the common characteristics of polar codes optimized for a sequence of successively degraded channels. The proposed approach allows for an optimized polar code to be used at every transmission thereby achieving capacity.
The Effect of Stimulus Intensity and Carrier Frequency on Auditory Middle- and Long-Latency Evoked Potentials Using a Steady-State-Response Approach (2016)

Effects of stimulus intensity, carrier frequency, and gender on ASSRs were similar to those of their transient counterparts. Findings remain disappointing for objective loudness estimation. Results suggest only a clear linkage to the long-latency response and the 0.75-Hz magnitude but require careful consideration of limitations/underlying mechanisms when measuring loudness-related effects.
Repellent Activity of Constituents Identified in <i>Foeniculum vulgare </i>Fruit against <i>Aedes aegypti </i>(Diptera:  Culicidae) (2002)

The repellent activity of materials derived from the methanol extract of fruits from Foeniculum vulgareagainst hungry Aedes aegypti females was examined using skin and patch tests and compared with that of the commercial N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet) and (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid. The biologically active constituents of the Foeniculum fruits were characterized as (+)-fenchone and (E)-9-octadecenoic acid by spectroscopic analyses. Responses varied according to compound, dose, and exposure time. In a skin test with female mosquitoes, at a dose of 0.4 mg/cm(2), (+)-fenchone and (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid exhibited moderate repellent activity at 30 min after treatment, whereas deet provided >1 h of protection against adult mosquitoes at 0.2 mg/cm(2). (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid was a more potent repellent agent than (E)-9-octadecenoic acid. (+)-Fenchone and (E)-9-octadecenoic acid merit further study as potential mosquito repellent agents or as lead compounds.
Design, synthesis and herbicidal evaluation of novel uracil derivatives containing an isoxazoline moiety (2020)

This work provides a basis for further studies of 9b for control of a wider range of weeds, particularly for glyphosate-resistant weeds.
Multi-Cell User-Scheduling and Random Beamforming Strategies for Downlink Wireless Communications (2009)

We consider random beamforming and user scheduling strategies in a multi-cell environment for downlink wireless communications. Our focus is on using combined scheduling and beamforming to mitigate performance losses due to inter-cell interference. Of interest are strategies requiring minimal intra-cell and inter-cell system information exchange. Indeed the acquisition and inter-cell exchange of such information can be significant overheads in a practical deployment. Random beamforming requires substantially less channel state information than linear zero forcing strategies to schedule transmissions. It is therefore of practical interest despite some limitations in controlling intra-cell interference. We consider how one can use a minimal exchange of information, in a multi-cell multistep pattern of exchanges, to improve the overall performance of random beamforming in a multi-cell environment.
Stress-sensing thermoset polymer networks via grafted cinnamoyl/cyclobutane mechanophore units in epoxy (2016)

A study of novel direct covalent grafting of photoactive mechanophore units into an epoxy matrix to create self-sensing thermoset network nanocomposites.
An Integrated Analytics Platform for Completion Optimization and Reservoir Characterization (2018)

Abstract As laterals become longer with more stages, large datasets make evaluation of the information complicated and time consuming. Variations in the obtained data adds more uncertainty to the main industry challenges and questions, such as optimal well spacing, optimal completion (e.g., type of completion, stage and cluster spacing), optimal stimulation treatment (e.g., proppant type, mass and concentration, fluid type, volume and composition). This paper describes a novel automated framework for completion optimization and post-fracture analysis. For pre-fracture analysis, this framework utilizes an integrated dataset from drilling and wireline logs, and automatically places clusters based on heterogeneity along the lateral. This information is then coupled with post-fracture data to examine fracture treating information (breakdown pressure, instantaneous shut in pressure, etc.) and correlate it to rock properties from each fracture stage. The newly identified correlation is looped back into the framework as a guideline for future frac design. The strong correlation between subsurface rock properties and hydraulic fracture treatment parameters suggests that the previous captured heterogeneity reveals the fracture design efficiency, and the multivariable evaluation process can be accelerated by the machine learning platform. A statistical model was built on geomechanical and petrophysical properties used to design fracture treatments. Meanwhile, the platform automatically evaluates fracture treating signatures (surface treating pressure, pumping rate, ISIP, etc.) and links them with subsurface information for each stage. When the model is trained with a sufficient amount of data, it can be used as a real-time advisor that suggests a fracture treatment schedule (pump rate, sand concentration, fluid volume). The fracture geometry as well as the treatment efficiency can be optimized with the enhanced design. The model can eliminate or reduce the need for expensive subsurface characterization logging tools and provide quick recommendations for changes to the treatment. This paper introduces an integrated solution to optimize fracture treatment design assisted by data analytics that can be further improved to solve other multivariable problems in the oil and gas industry.
Post-pass binary adaptation for software-based speculative precomputation (2002)

Recently, a number of thread-based prefetching techniques have been proposed. These techniques aim at improving the latency of single-threaded applications by leveraging multithreading resources to perform memory prefetching via speculative prefetch threads. Software-based speculative precomputation (SSP) is one such technique, proposed for multithreaded Itanium models. SSP does not require expensive hardware support-instead it relies on the compiler to adapt binaries to perform prefetching on otherwise idle hardware thread contexts at run time. This paper presents a post-pass compilation tool for generating SSP-enhanced binaries. The tool is able to: (1) analyze a single-threaded application to generate prefetch threads; (2) identify and embed trigger points in the original binary; and (3) produce a new binary that has the prefetch threads attached. The execution of the new binary spawns the speculative prefetch threads, which are executed concurrently with the main thread. Our results indicate that for a set of pointer-intensive benchmarks, the prefetching performed by the speculative threads achieves an average of 87% speedup on an in-order processor and 5% speedup on an out-of-order processor.
Acute Clinical Evaluation of a Left Ventricular Automatic Threshold Determination Algorithm Based on Evoked Response Sensing (2011)

In this study, the results suggest that the LVAT algorithm is accurate at determining pacing thresholds in multiple pacing configurations and a wide range of LV leads in CRT-D/P patients.
A Novel Intranasal Virus-Like Particle (VLP) Vaccine Designed to Protect against the Pandemic 1918 Influenza A Virus (H1N1) (2007)

We have prepared a virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine bearing the surface glycoproteins HA and NA of the 1918 influenza A virus by infecting Sf9 cells with a quadruple recombinant baculovirus that expresses the four influenza proteins (HA, NA, M1, and M2) required for the assembly and budding of the VLPs. The presence of HA and M1 in the purified VLPs was confirmed by Western blot, and that of NA by a neuraminidase enzymatic assay. For in vivo studies, the 1918 VLP vaccine was formulated with or without an oligonucleotide containing two CpG motifs and administered in two doses 2 wk apart via the intranasal route. The antibody titers in mice immunized with VLP vaccines were higher than in mice vaccinated with an inactivated swine virus (H1N1) control, when CHO cells expressing 1918 HA were used as antigen. The opposite result was obtained when disrupted swine virus was the antigen for the ELISA test. Vaccine efficacy was evaluated by challenging immunized mice with the 1918 antigenically related influenza virus A/swine/Iowa/15/30 (H1N1) and measuring viral titers in the upper and lower respiratory tract. Mice immunized with VLP vaccine plus CpG demonstrated significantly lower viral titers in the nose and lungs than did the control on days 2 and 4 postchallenge and completely cleared the virus by day 6. Furthermore, they did not show symptoms of disease although there was a minor decrease in body weight. Mice vaccinated with VLP alone also demonstrated significantly lower viral titers in the nose and lungs than did the placebo group as well as the inactivated virus group on days 4 and 6 postchallenge. These results suggest that it is feasible to make a safe and immunogenic vaccine to protect against the extremely virulent 1918 virus, using a novel and safe cell-based technology.
Studies on ion scattering and sputtering processes in ion beam sputter-deposition of high Tc superconducting films: The optimization of deposition parameters (1989)

Ion beam sputter‐deposition is one of the techniques used for synthesizing high Tc superconducting films in laboratory experiments. However, the scaling‐up of this method for technological applications, such as in microelectronics, will require a better understanding of basic phenomena occurring during the deposition process. First results are presented here from experimental and computer simulation studies on ion scattering and sputtering processes. It is demonstrated that scattering of neutralized ions from the targets can result in undesirable erosion of, and inert gas incorporation in, the growing films, depending on the ion/target atom mass ratio and ion beam angle of incidence/target/substrate geometry. The studies indicate that sputtering by Kr+ or Xe+ ions is preferable to the most commonly used Ar+ ions, since the undesirable phenomena mentioned above are minimized for the first two ions. These results are used to determine optimum sputter deposition geometry and ions beam parameters for growing high Tc films.
Polynomial matrix-chain interpolation in sudan-type reed-solomon decoders (2004)

The main computational steps in algebraic soft-decoding and/or Sudan-type list-decoding of Reed-Solomon codes are interpolation and factorization. The interpolation consists of computing a bivariate polynomial Q(X,Y) that passes through a prescribed set of points with prescribed multiplicities. Using the iterative algorithm of Koetter (1996), this computation can be accomplished in time O(N <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> ), where N is the number of linear equations satisfied by the coefficients of Q(X,Y). Here, we recast the iterative interpolation procedure of (R. Koetter, 1996) as a computation of the product of a certain chain of polynomial matrices. We then derive a dynamic-programming algorithm which optimizes the multiplication order in computing this matrix chain. The resulting optimization reduces the number of finite-field operations required to compute Q(X,Y) by a factor of about two
Discovering co-located queries in geographic search logs (2008)

A geographic search request contains a query consisting of one or more keywords, and a search-location that the user searches for. In this paper, we study the problem of discovering co-located queries, which are geographic search requests for nearby search-locations. One example co-located query pattern is {"shopping mall", "parking"}. This pattern indicates that people often search "shopping mall" and "parking" over locations close to one another. Co-located queries have many applications, such as query suggestion, location recommendation, and local advertisement. We formally define co-located query patterns and propose two approaches to mining the patterns. Our basic approach is based on an existing spatial mining algorithm. To find more specific co-located queries that only appear in specific regions, we propose a lattice based approach. It divides the geographic space into regions and mines patterns in each region. We also define a locality measure to categorize patterns into local and global. Experimental results show that the lattice based approach outperforms the basic approach in the number of patterns, the quality of patterns, and the proportion of local patterns.
Generation of Replication-Competent and -Defective HSV Vectors (2011)

Engineering effective vectors has been crucial to the efficient delivery and expression of therapeutic gene products in vivo. Among these, HSV-1 represents an excellent candidate vector for delivery to the peripheral and central nervous systems. The natural biology of HSV-1 includes the establishment of a lifelong latent state in neurons in which the viral genome persists as an episomal molecule. Genomic HSV vectors can be produced that are completely replication-defective, nontoxic, and capable of long-term transgene expression. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) vectors are constructed by using a replication-deficient vector backbone (TOZ.1) for homologous recombination with a shuttle plasmid containing a cassette expressing the gene of interest inserted into the UL41 gene sequence. The TOZ.1 vector expresses a reporter gene (lacZ) in the UL41 locus, such that recombination of the transgenic cassette into the UL41 locus results in the loss of the reporter gene activity. The TOZ.1 vector also contains a unique PacI endonuclease site for digestion of parental viral DNA that substantially reduces the nonrecombinant background. Following homologous recombination of the shuttle plasmid into the PacI-digested TOZ.1 genome, the recombinants are identified as clear plaques. After three rounds of limiting dilution analysis, the structure of the recombinants can be confirmed by Southern blot or by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis.
Assessing survivability of smart grid distribution network designs accounting for multiple failures (2014)

SUMMARY Smart grids are fostering a paradigm shift in the realm of power distribution systems. Whereas traditionally different components of the power distribution system have been provided and analyzed by different teams through different lenses, smart grids require a unified and holistic approach that takes into consideration the interplay of communication reliability, energy backup, distribution automation topology, energy storage, and intelligent features such as automated fault detection, isolation, and restoration (FDIR) and demand response. In this paper, we present an analytical model and metrics for the survivability assessment of the distribution power grid network. The proposed metrics extend the system average interruption duration index, accounting for the fact that after a failure, the energy demand and supply will vary over time during a multi‐step recovery process. The analytical model used to compute the proposed metrics is built on top of three design principles: state space factorization, state aggregation, and initial state conditioning. Using these principles, we reduce a Markov chain model with large state space cardinality to a set of much simpler models that are amenable to analytical treatment and efficient numerical solution. In case demand response is not integrated with FDIR, we provide closed form solutions to the metrics of interest, such as the mean time to repair a given set of sections. Under specific independence assumptions, we show how the proposed methodology can be adapted to account for multiple failures. We have evaluated the presented model using data from a real power distribution grid, and we have found that survivability of distribution power grids can be improved by the integration of the demand response feature with automated FDIR approaches. Our empirical results indicate the importance of quantifying survivability to support investment decisions at different parts of the power grid distribution network. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Hydrogen Production from Cellulose at Low Temperature Catalyzed by Supported Group 10 Metal. (2001)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
On-chip vacuum generated by a micromachined Knudsen pump (2005)

This paper describes the design, fabrication, and testing of a single-chip micromachined implementation of a Knudsen pump, which uses the principle of thermal transpiration, and has no moving parts. A six-mask microfabrication process was used to fabricate the pump using a glass substrate and silicon wafer. The Knudsen pump and two integrated pressure sensors occupy an area of 1.5 mm /spl times/ 2 mm. Measurements show that while operating in standard laboratory conditions this device can evacuate a cavity to 0.46 atm using 80 mW input power. The pumpdown time of an on-chip chamber and pressure sensor cavity with a total volume of 80 000 cubic micrometers is only 2s, with a peak pump speed of 1/spl times/10/sup -6/ cc/min. High thermal isolation is obtained between the polysilicon heater and the rest of the device.
Development of Culture Vessel for Sterility Testing of Bandages and Other Medical Devices (1979)

A cylindrical glass culture vessel equipped with a vented nylon closure was developed and evaluated for sterility testing. The sterility testing cylinder (STC), made in 2 sizes, accommodates 250 or 400 mL culture broth. A tight-fitting, skirted nylon cap protects the upper part of the cylinder, and a membrane filter in a recessed opening allows venting during autoclaving and ensures sterility during removal and replacement of the cap. The configuration of the vessel in terms of the opening size and ratio of the horizontal to vertical cross section provides depths desirable for testing many shapes of medical devices, including elongated and narrow ones, without excessive waste of medium. They are easy to charge with medium, and to autoclave, store, inoculate, and observe for growth.
Resource sharing for book-ahead and instantaneous-request calls (1999)

In order to provide an adequate quality of service to large-bandwidth calls, such as video conference calls, service providers of integrated services networks may want to allow some customers to book their calls ahead, i.e., make advance reservations. We propose a scheme for sharing resources among book-ahead (BA) calls (that announce their call holding times as well as their call initiation times upon arrival) and non-BA calls (that do not announce their holding times). It is possible to share resources without allowing any calls in progress to be interrupted, but in order to achieve a more efficient use of resources, we think that it may be desirable to occasionally allow a call in progress to be interrupted. (In practice, it may be possible to substitute service degradation, such as bit dropping or coarser encoding of video, for interruption.) Thus, we propose an admission control algorithm in which a call is admitted if an approximate interrupt probability (computed in real time) is below a threshold. Simulation experiments show that the proposed admission control algorithm can be better (i.e., yield higher total utilization or higher revenue) than alternative schemes that do not allow interruption, such as a strict partitioning of resources.
Development of a Lean Process to the Lead-Free Primary Explosive DBX-1 (2015)

Copper(I) 5-nitrotetrazolate (DBX-1) has emerged in recent years as a primary explosive that could serve as a replacement for lead azide (LA), a widely used explosive that has fallen out of favor due to its toxicity and chemical compatibility issues. While there is a significant amount of interest in this material, the development of DBX-1 has been hampered by the tedious and poorly understood chemical process for its preparation. To consistently produce DBX-1, two explosive intermediates must be isolated, and one of them requires purification. In this article, we present an improved process for the synthesis of DBX-1. In this process, neither of these intermediates needs to be handled by an operator, and the purification step is no longer necessary. It would be practical to perform the entire process under remote control, a necessity for energetic material manufacturing. We discuss the implications of our findings for the development of a robust process for the reproducible production of high-quality DBX-1.
Ligature carrier specifically designed for transvaginal sacrospinous colpopexy (1997)

A new ligature carrier designed for sacrospinous colpopexy permits bite acquisition to be performed under direct surgical visualization within the confines of the pararectal space. In addition, it permits ample penetration of the sacrospinous ligament through the coccygeus muscle, without restriction of suture type, size, or number of sutures per bite. As part of site-specific reconstructive pelvic surgery, we have performed sacrospinous colpopexy using this ligature carrier in 71 patients with genital prolapse. We have encountered no operative complications from the use of this ligature carrier.
Removal of Branched Dibenzothiophenes from Hydrocarbon Mixtures via Charge Transfer Complexes with a TAPA-Functionalized Adsorbent (2008)

A direct grafting method has been demonstrated to successfully incorporate the π-acceptor, 2,4,5,7-tetranitro-9-fluorenylideneaminooxy propionic acid (TAPA), onto silica. Adsorption isotherms were measured for complexation of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) from n-heptane onto the TAPA-functionalized silica adsorbent. At 25 °C, maximum adsorption capacity was measured to be 58.6 mg/g for binding 4,6-DMDBT, which is 4-fold higher than that of the nonfunctionalized, bare silica sample with a surface area of 480 m2/g. The results from batch studies suggest that adsorption occurs via a 1:1 complexation between 4,6-DMDBT and TAPA. Adsorption isotherm data were collected at 0, 25, and 40 °C; these data were used to develop a relationship between the Henry’s constant for adsorption and temperature. The molar enthalpy of adsorption was calculated to be ΔHads = −12.1 kJ/mol; this value is evidence for formation of π-electron acceptor−donor complexes.