gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Golden-Angle Radial Sparse Parallel MRI: Combination of Compressed Sensing, Parallel Imaging, and Golden-Angle Radial Sampling for Fast and Flexible (2013)

Purpose: To develop a fast and flexible free-breathing dynamic volumetric MRI technique, iterative Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel MRI (iGRASP), that combines compressed sensing, parallel imaging, and golden-angle radial sampling. Methods: Radial k-space data are acquired continuously using the golden-angle scheme and sorted into time series by grouping an arbitrary number of consecutive spokes into temporal frames. An iterative reconstruction procedure is then performed on the undersampled time series where joint multicoil sparsity is enforced by applying a total-variation constraint along the temporal dimension. Required coil-sensitivity profiles are obtained from the time-averaged data. Results: iGRASP achieved higher acceleration capability than either parallel imaging or coil-by-coil compressed sensing alone. It enabled dynamic volumetric imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution for various clinical applications, including free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging in the abdomen of both adult and pediatric patients, and in the breast and neck of adult patients. Conclusion: The high performance and flexibility provided by iGRASP can improve clinical studies that require robustness to motion and simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution. Magn Reson Med 000:000–000, 2013. V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Aqueduct-100, an innovative device and method for controlling cervical dilation (2018)

Objetive: To observe and assess the efficacy and safety of this new cervical dilator device, for the first time in humans. Thus, if the study is successful, raise a second phase through a randomized clinical trial, which purpose shall be to show if there is a superiority of this device with respect to common mechanics dilators.
Materials and Methods: prospective, experimental intervention study, in patients undergoing gynecological diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, requiring cervical dilatation, using the Aqueduct – 100®, the Hospital General Santa Maria del Puerto (Spain). The study included 50 patients who met the criteria for inclusion, in the period January-December 2015.
Results: the mean age of the patients was 52.6 years. They were divided into two treatment groups: 38 patients were subjected to a process of expansion of 5 minutes and 12 3-minute processes. The description of the most frequent procedure was the realization of a diagnostic Hysteroscopy (44%). The cervical diameter medium, both initial and subsequent procedure was 2.8 and 7.7 mm, respectively. The valuation of the device by the specialists who used it, ranged between good and excellent rating for all items. There was no complication associated with the process of cervical dilatation with the device.
Conclusion: The Aqueduct – 100® device can be a simple and effective alternative to perform cervical dilatation maneuvers necessary for performing gynecological procedures, intrauterine and endometrial level.
Tactile brush (2011)

Tactile Brush is an algorithm that produces smooth, two-dimensional tactile moving strokes with varying frequency, intensity, velocity and direction of motion. The design of the algorithm is derived from the results of psychophysical investigations of two tactile illusions -- apparent tactile mo-tion and phantom sensations. Combined together they allow for the design of high-density two-dimensional tactile displays using sparse vibrotactile arrays. In a series of experiments and evaluations we demonstrate that Tactile Brush is robust and can reliably generate a wide variety of moving tactile sensations for a broad range of applications.
Isolation of vinblastine in callus culture with differentiated roots of Catharanthus roseus (L).G.Don. (1987)

The callus initiated from Madagascar periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus, with 1.0 mg/liter naphthaleneacetic acid and 0.1 mg/liter kinetin was brown and tight, and formed many hairy roots. The formation of vinblastine in the callus culture with differentiated roots was confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.
Managing BHA Components Integrity with a Fatigue Management Workflow (2016)

Abstract BHA integrity is important to successful drilling operations. Fatigue failure is the primary cause of twistoffs. There has been no method to predict and monitor fatigue life of BHA components while drilling. Current preventative methods include predefining the collar life based on past experience and tracking the cumulative pumping hours. When total hours reach the predefined life, the collar is junked. This method is inaccurate because the pumping hours do not accurately reflect the fatigue life of a collar. Regular inspections by nondestructive testing (NDT) to detect any cracks should reveral the initiation of fatigue failure. However, a collar can still consume its fatigue life, initiate a crack, and finally twist off while drilling, causing significant loss of time and money. Fatigue damage consists of two stages, crack initiation and crack propagation, with crack initiation accounting for most of the total life. Rotating bending is the driving force for fatigue cracking. It induces cyclic stresses and strains at the stress risers, which are the fatigue-critical features. Fatigue data can be presented in the form of M-N curves, where M is the applied bending moment and N is the total life in number of cycles. The BHA bending moment distribution can be computed with a BHA analysis. Given a bending moment, the cyclic stresses and strains at the most critical feature of the most critical BHA component are typically determined with finite element analysis. The life of the most critical feature can then be calculated with the stress-life or strain-life curve of the collar material. This governs the life of the entire BHA. A fatigue management workflow has been created for planning and execution monitoring phases. During planning, the engineer can calculate the expected fatigue life of the BHA and optimize for the expected duration of the job. The result can be used to select reliable components with sufficient fatigue life for the job. While drilling, this method enables engineer to continuously monitor the consumed fatigue life of any BHA component and make the decision to replace the tool before a failure occurs downhole. After the job, the consumed life can be recorded in the maintenance system to track the remaining life and decide what preventive maintenance is required. This innovative workflow has been implemented to manage BHA integrity for medium to high dogleg severity (DLS). The approach to managing fatigue life enables risk mitigation for BHA integrity, pushing kickoffs deeper, shortening the curved sections, and increasing reservoir exposure, including reentry applications. Field cases have proven that the solution provides engineers with a new tool to reduce fatigue failures by predicting expected fatigue life consumed on a job, selecting correct tools, and proactively managing the drilling risks.
Figure S1 from Spatial Architecture and Arrangement of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes for Predicting Likelihood of Recurrence in Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (2023)

<p>Figure S1. Patient selection workflow for the datasets included in this study.</p>
Overview of Recent Results from the Triggered Plasma Opening Switch Experiment (2004)

Summary form only given. The Triggered Plasma Opening Switch (TPOS) at Sandia National Laboratories is a unique device that exploits the high conductance and zero tensile strength of plasma. The purpose of the TPOS is to take the initial /spl sim/.8 MA (/spl sim/250 ns rise time) storage inductor current and deliver /spl sim/.5 MA, with a rise time of approximately 10 ns, to a load of about 5-10 /spl Omega/. Advantages of this configuration include low current jitter, power gain, low resistive voltage drop, and minimization of trigger input power as the result of using stages. First, plasma is introduced into the TPOS's A-K gap from plasma flash board sources. Current then flows through the plasma effectively shorting the A-K gap. Next, the switch is triggered when a pulse (50-150 ns rise time) is sent through a magnetic field coil. The energized coil gives rise to an axial magnetic field that pushes the plasma away from the cathode via the j/spl times/B force. (Clearly, this assumes that the magnetic field does not substantially penetrate the plasma, and that the plasma is azimuthally uniform.) Finally, the device triggers another similar stage in series with the first thus creating power amplification. The two stage design is novel, and this experiment is the first to implement magnetically triggered stages. In order for the switch to open correctly the plasma must travel sufficiently far away from the cathode. The plasma travels at the Alfven speed which is proportional to the magnetic field strength and inversely proportional to the density and mass of the plasma. Small percentages of water and oxygen exist, but the plasma is assumed to be dominantly composed of carbon. Therefore, since the mass and magnetic field are known, it is possible to infer the density by observing the opening speed. This is accomplished by measuring the plasmas location combined with the knowledge of the time dependent inductance and electron current. Specifically, if one assumes an axial field of /spl sim/1T, and an Alfven speed of approximately 1/spl times/10/sup 5/ to 1/spl times/10/sup 6/ m/s, this equates to a density of roughly 4/spl times/10/sup 21/ to 4/spl times/10/sup 19/ m/sup -3/. If the density is much higher, the switch may not open properly since the plasma's velocity is not sufficient to traverse the gap in the allotted time. Careful study of these characteristics is being carried out via side apparatus and magnetic field calculations. Hopefully, analysis leads to an ample characterization of the switch and ultimately a better understanding of the manner in which the two stages function.
Electrochemical Control of Ion Transport through a Mesoporous Carbon Membrane (2014)

We report a carbon-based, three-dimensional nanofluidic transport membrane that enables gated, or on/off, control of the transport of organic molecular species and metal ions using an applied electrical potential. In the absence of an applied potential, both cationic and anionic molecules freely diffuse across the membrane via a concentration gradient. However, when an electrochemical potential is applied, the transport of ions through the membrane is inhibited.
Zeta-Based AC-Link Universal Converter (2022)

AC-link universal converters are relatively new topologies that can be used for power conversion from any type of source including, DC or AC, to any type of load. These converters enhance reliability by employing small film capacitors instead of bulky unreliable electrolytic ones. Furthermore, such converters have a high power density due to the possibility of using compact high-frequency transformers when isolation is needed. Universal converters extend the principles of the operation of DC-DC Buck-Boost and Ćuk converters to DC-AC, AC-DC, and AC-AC power conversion systems. In this paper, a new Zeta-based universal converter is proposed, which is capable of stepping up and stepping down the voltage in a wide range. This converter uses an inductor and a capacitor for transferring power from the source to the load. The voltage rating of the capacitor and the current peak of the inductor used in the proposed converter are lower than those of Cuk-based and Buck-Boost-based universal converters, respectively. Moreover, the proposed topology is a single-stage power converter, which has a higher efficiency compared to conventional two-stage power converters. The principles of the operation of the proposed converter are presented in this paper, and its performance is verified through simulations and experiments.
Design and Synthesis of Styrenylcyclopropylamine LSD1 Inhibitors (2020)

Leveraging the catalytic machinery of LSD1 (KDM1A), a series of covalent styrenylcyclopropane LSD1 inhibitors were identified. These inhibitors represent a new class of mechanism-based inhibitors that target and covalently label the FAD cofactor of LSD1. The series was rapidly progressed to potent biochemical and cellular LSD1 inhibitors with good physical properties. This effort resulted in the identification of <b>34</b>, a highly potent (<4 nM biochemical, 2 nM cell, and 1 nM GI<sub>50</sub>), and selective LSD1 inhibitor. In-depth kinetic profiling of <b>34</b> confirmed its covalent mechanism of action, validated the styrenylcyclopropane as an FAD-directed warhead, and demonstrated that the potency of this inhibitor is driven by improved non-covalent binding (<i>K</i> <sub>I</sub>). <b>34</b> demonstrated robust cell-killing activity in a panel of AML cell lines and robust antitumor activity in a Kasumi-1 xenograft model of AML when dosed orally at 1.5 mg/kg once daily.
Arc Welding Technology for Automotive Steel Sheets (2013)

Recent research progresses of arc welding techniques are described, focusing on the automotive chassis members or body members. As for welded joint performance, static strength and fatigue strength are improved with increasing of steel strength less than 780 MPa tensile strength. Additionally, galvanized steel sheets contribute to corrosion resistance of weld parts. Developed welding materials have made it possible to improve welding activities such as reducing spatters, gap allowance or weldability of galvanized steel sheets. In contrast, components of the steel sheet also effects on welding phenomenon, a flat bead geometry is obtained by increasing Si content of steel sheets. Low heat input welding such as CMT (Cold metal transfer) welding has begun to use for body welding and cross tension strength of advanced high tensile strength steel are improved by CMT applied arc spot welding.
Hard Templating of Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide with Chiral Nematic Ordering (2012)

Anatase TiO(2) nanocrystals have been organized into high-surface-area (150-230 m(2) g(-1)) mesoporous films with long-range chiral nematic ordering. The chiral structure of the anatase films causes them to selectively reflect circularly polarized light and appear iridescent. These materials show replication of structural features found in the silica template on nanometer to millimeter length scales.
A QUANTITATIVE STORED-PRODUCT INSECT MONITORING SYSTEM USING SENSOR OUTPUT ANALOG PROCESSING (SOAP) (2004)

A system is described for automated monitoring of pest insects in stored products. It provides quantitative dataindicative of the species of detected insects and is self-calibrating to maintain reliable operation across adverse externalconditions, including environmental, biological, and aging. The system employs grain probes with infrared beam optoelectronicsensor units, each having a dedicated electronic circuit with a microcontroller programmed to collect, analyze, store, andtransmit data from a signal pulse generated when an insect falls through its infrared beam. These data, transmitted back toa central computer in real-time, can be used to make infestation control decisions in an IPM program without the need fordangerous and labor-intensive scheduled bin entries.
Injection electroluminescence in phosphorous-ion-implanted ZnSe <i>p-n</i> junction diodes (1974)

Electroluminescence has been obtained from phosphorus-implanted ZnSe p-n junction diodes at room temperature. In forward bias, the diodes exhibit an electroluminescence spectrum similar to the red photoluminescence spectrum with a peak at 6300 Å giving an external quantum efficiency of 0.01%.
Mouse Nerve Growth Factor Gene: Structure and Expression (1987)

The organization and biologically significant sequences of the entire mouse nerve growth factor (NGF) gene have been determined. The gene spans 45 kilobases and contains several small 5' exons. Transcription of the gene results in four different mRNA species, which can be accounted for by alternative splicing and independent initiation from two promoters. These transcripts encode proteins which have divergent N termini and the NGF moiety at their C termini. The levels of the various NGF transcripts have been determined in different tissues and throughout postnatal development. We have also examined the expression of these transcripts in the brain in response to specific early sensory deprivation. The results suggest that the expression of NGF mRNA during postnatal development is regulated independently of the formation of complex neural networks.
The Winding Road to Pluripotency (Nobel Lecture) (2013)

The forced expression of certain transcription factors can induce pluripotency in somatic cells. This led to the research and development of effective reprogramming techniques for the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). S. Yamanaka received the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research in this area.
Development of Cold Rolled High Strength Steel Sheet with Excellent Deep Drawability (1981)

<div class="htmlview paragraph">Deep drawing quality high strength (400 MPa grade) cold-rolled steel sheet for automotive use has been developed. This steel sheet is characterized by its chemical composition of extra low carbon, high phosphorus and small niobium together with aluminum. It exhibits very high r̄-value and elongation in tensile test and also an excellent deep draw-ability in small cup test and actual press test of automotive panel parts. The resistance to cold-work embrittlement are improved by controlling the compositions and the cooling rate after final annealing. Spot weldability and the weld performances are very good like as ordinary mild steel sheets. These properties are compared with those of DDQ grade mild steel sheet and previously developed high strength dual phase or rephosphorized steel sheets.</div>
Different Differentiation Kinetics of Vascular Progenitor Cells in Primate and Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (2003)

Our findings indicate that differentiation kinetics of VPCs derived from primate and mouse ES cells were different. Differentiated VEGF-R2+ VEcadherin- cells can act as VPCs in primates. To seek the clinical potential of VPCs for vascular regeneration, investigations of primate ES cells are indispensable.
A new data consistency condition for fan‐beam projection data (2005)

The sum of all attenuation data acquired in one view of parallel-beam projections is a view angle independent constant. This fact is known as a data consistency condition on the two-dimensional Radon transforms. It plays an important role in tomographic image reconstruction and artifact correction. In this paper, a novel fan-beam data consistency condition (FDCC) is derived and presented. Using the FDCC, individual projection data in one view of fan-beam projections can be estimated from filtering all other projection data measured from different view angles. Numerical simulations are performed to validate the new FDCC in correcting ring artifacts caused by malfunctioning detector cells.
Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators (SGRMs) Delay Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer Growth (2017)

Increased glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and activity following androgen blockade can contribute to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progression. Therefore, we hypothesized that GR antagonism will have therapeutic benefit in CRPC. However, the FDA-approved nonselective, steroidal GR antagonist, mifepristone, lacks GR specificity, reducing its therapeutic potential. Here, we report that two novel nonsteroidal and highly selective GR modulators (SGRM), CORT118335 and CORT108297, have the ability to block GR activity in prostate cancer and slow CRPC progression. In contrast to mifepristone, these novel SGRMs did not affect androgen receptor (AR) signaling, but potently inhibited GR transcriptional activity. Importantly, SGRMs decreased GR-mediated tumor cell viability following AR blockade. <i>In vivo</i>, SGRMs significantly inhibited CRPC progression in high GR-expressing, but not in low GR-expressing xenograft models. Transcriptome analysis following AR blockade and GR activation revealed that these SGRMs block GR-mediated proliferative gene expression pathways. Furthermore, GR-regulated proliferation-associated genes <i>AKAP12, FKBP5, SGK1, CEBPD</i>, and <i>ZBTB16</i> are inhibited by CORT108297 treatment <i>in vivo</i> Together, these data suggest that GR-selective nonsteroidal SGRMs potently inhibit GR activity and prostate cancer growth despite AR pathway inhibition, demonstrating the therapeutic potential of SGRMs in GR-expressing CRPC. <i>Mol Cancer Ther; 16(8); 1680-92. ©2017 AACR</i>.
Iron-Oxygen Based Perpendicular Anisotropy Thin Films (Part 1) (1987)

The magnetostatic properties of sputtered Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">100-x</inf> films with Si or Co added are reported. Si or Co acts to extend the range of perpendicular magnetization to regions of higher magnetization. In the Fe <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">x</inf> O <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">100-x</inf> system, a point of zero magnetization exists near x = 49%; this is abruptly shifted to lower Fe concentrations with the addition of Si. The observed dependence of magnetization on composition agrees with calculations which assume that silicon combines to form SiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> and the remaining oxygen forms FeO.
Carboxyamidation of Purine Nucleosides: New Secondary 8-Carboxamidopurine Nucleosides (1997)

Abstract Palladium catalyzed carboxyamidation at the 8-position of 8-bromoadenosine and 8-bromoguanosine nucleosides is a versatile reaction, which allows primary, secondary, heterocyclic, aromatic mine and amino acids to be incorporated into purine nucleosides.
Isolating Potentiated Hsp104 Variants Using Yeast Proteinopathy Models (2014)

Many protein-misfolding disorders can be modeled in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proteins such as TDP-43 and FUS, implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and α-synuclein, implicated in Parkinson's disease, are toxic and form cytoplasmic aggregates in yeast. These features recapitulate protein pathologies observed in patients with these disorders. Thus, yeast are an ideal platform for isolating toxicity suppressors from libraries of protein variants. We are interested in applying protein disaggregases to eliminate misfolded toxic protein conformers. Specifically, we are engineering Hsp104, a hexameric AAA+ protein from yeast that is uniquely capable of solubilizing both disordered aggregates and amyloid and returning the proteins to their native conformations. While Hsp104 is highly conserved in eukaryotes and eubacteria, it has no known metazoan homologue. Hsp104 has only limited ability to eliminate disordered aggregates and amyloid fibers implicated in human disease. Thus, we aim to engineer Hsp104 variants to reverse the protein misfolding implicated in neurodegenerative disorders. We have developed methods to screen large libraries of Hsp104 variants for suppression of proteotoxicity in yeast. As yeast are prone to spontaneous nonspecific suppression of toxicity, a two-step screening process has been developed to eliminate false positives. Using these methods, we have identified a series of potentiated Hsp104 variants that potently suppress the toxicity and aggregation of TDP-43, FUS, and α-synuclein. Here, we describe this optimized protocol, which could be adapted to screen libraries constructed using any protein backbone for suppression of toxicity of any protein that is toxic in yeast.