gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Basal and Stimulated Sympathetic Responses After Epinephrine (1998)

Delayed facilitation of norepinephrine release through the action of epinephrine (NE) at presynaptic beta-adrenoceptors has been postulated to account for the delayed hemodynamic effects of epinephrine and to be a mechanism causally related to the development of hypertension. To determine whether a short-term increase in epinephrine concentrations resulted in subsequent facilitation of sympathetic responses, 9 healthy subjects (age, 21+/-0.9 years) were studied at rest and during physiological stress on 2 occasions when they received an infusion of either saline or epinephrine (20 ng/kg per minute) in random order. Heart rate, blood pressure, forearm blood flow, epinephrine concentrations, and NE spillover were measured at rest, during mental stress (Stroop test), and during a cold pressor test. Measurements were performed before, during the 1-hour infusion of epinephrine or placebo, and 1 hour after the infusion. A radioisotope dilution method was used to measure NE spillover. Hemodynamic measurements and NE spillover were increased during the infusion of epinephrine, but 1 hour after discontinuation of epinephrine there was no significant augmentation of hemodynamic or sympathetic responses. NE spillover 1 hour after saline or epinephrine infusion was similar (0.85+/-0.2 versus 0. 87+/-0.2 microg/min; P=0.92). In addition, there was no delayed facilitation of stress-induced hemodynamic or NE responses after epinephrine. These findings do not support the hypothesis that epinephrine results in delayed facilitation of NE release.
Adaptive Optics Technology for High-Resolution Retinal Imaging (2012)

Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to improve the performance of optical systems by reducing the effects of optical aberrations. The direct visualization of the photoreceptor cells, capillaries and nerve fiber bundles represents the major benefit of adding AO to retinal imaging. Adaptive optics is opening a new frontier for clinical research in ophthalmology, providing new information on the early pathological changes of the retinal microstructures in various retinal diseases. We have reviewed AO technology for retinal imaging, providing information on the core components of an AO retinal camera. The most commonly used wavefront sensing and correcting elements are discussed. Furthermore, we discuss current applications of AO imaging to a population of healthy adults and to the most frequent causes of blindness, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma. We conclude our work with a discussion on future clinical prospects for AO retinal imaging.
Integrating Paper And Digital Music Information Systems. (2000)

[TODO] Add abstract here.
Two Low-temperature-inducible<i>Chlorella</i>Genes for<i>Δ</i>12 and<i>ω</i>-3 Fatty Acid Desaturase (FAD): Isolation of<i>Δ</i>12 and ω-3 fad cDNA Clones,… (2002)

In an attempt to clarify the involvement of fatty acid desaturases (FADs) in the freezing tolerance of Chlorella vulgaris IAM C-27, developed by hardening, we have isolated cDNA clones for two types of FADs from the Chlorella strain, based on the sequence information of genes for delta12 and omega-3 FADs, respectively desaturating oleic acid (18:1) to linoleic acid (18:2) and linoleic acid (18:2) to linolenic acid (18:3). The deduced amino acid sequence of the first clone, designated CvFad2, showed about 66% similarity to the microsomal delta12 FADs from several higher plants and this gene had delta12 FAD activity when expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The predicted protein encoded by a second gene, designated CvFad3, showed about 60% similarity to the microsomal and plastidial omega-3 FADs from several higher plants. The features of the amino acid sequences of the C- and N-terminal regions of CvFAD3 and fatty acid analysis of polar lipids in transgenic tobacco plant expressing the CvFad3 gene suggested that this gene encodes the microsomal omega-3 FAD. Southern blot analysis showed that both genes were single-copy genes in the genome of the Chlorella strain. Different transcriptional patterns were observed with the two genes during hardening in Northern blot analysis.
First Sight: A human body outline labeling system (1995)

First Sight, a vision system in labeling the outline of a moving human body, is proposed in this paper. The emphasis of First Sight is on the analysis of motion information gathered solely from the outline of a moving human object. Two main processes are implemented in First Sight. The first process uses a novel technique to extract the outline of a moving human body from an image sequence. The second process, which employs a new human body model, interprets the outline and produces a labeled two-dimensional human body stick figure for each frame of the image sequence. Extensive knowledge of the structure, shape, and posture of the human body is used in the model. The experimental results of applying the technique on unedited image sequences with self-occlusions and missing boundary lines are encouraging.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Synthesis and Characterization of EDTA Complexes Useful for Trace Elements Supplementation (2002)

The synthesis of two heterobimetallic EDTA complexes, MgCu(EDTA).6H2O and ZnCu(EDTA).6H2O, is described. They were characterized by means of vibrational (infrared and Raman) and electronic (reflectance) spectroscopy. Several dissolution tests in 0.1 N HCl and simulated gastric juice were also performed. The results support the potential usefulness of these complexes for copper supplementation in human and veterinary medicine and to the simultaneous reinforcement of Mg(II) and Zn(II) levels.
Prediction of exhaust gas temperature in GTE by multivariate regression analysis and anomaly detection (2014)

Statistical multivariate linear regression technique has been applied in predicting exhaust gas temperature (EGT) for a small gas turbine engine using three independent input variables. Data collected earlier over three years (YR) of operational cycle are used for modeling, training, testing and validation of the models. Regression coefficients, probability and significance, R-square and RMSE values are considered for quantitative comparison between regressed and measured EGT data. R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> and RMSE values are observed to be highest for intermediate period (intermediate cycle in YR2) while the two values are substantially low for YR3 data (end cycle). These two values are 0.22 and 2.23 for 2010 data as compared to 0.93 and 11.4 for YR2 data. The results obtained through this work are indicative of an anomalous situation and support our earlier findings by ANN technique.
A novel blue-enhanced photodetector using honeycomb structure (2015)

In this paper, we present a honeycomb structure to maximize the edge-length in the detector and therefore enhance the detector responsivity in the blue region of the spectrum. A layout of a prototype honeycomb detector was designed and fabricated on a silicon wafer using a standard CMOS process. Based on our measured spectral response, the honeycomb structure improves the photocurrent in blue by about 60%. Moreover, the honeycomb detector demonstrates 20% less dark current than in conventional detector. Simulation results using MEDICI confirm the measured data.
Prospective investigations of concentration–clinical response for immunosuppressive drugs provide the scientific basis for therapeutic drug monitoring (1998)

The performance of prospective concentration-clinical response investigations during the early stages of the development of new therapeutic agents can provide a more rigorous basis for therapeutic drug monitoring than the traditional retrospective review of drug concentrations vs clinical outcome. Here we discuss the application of the multicenter randomized concentration-controlled clinical trial study design, and related study designs, as applied to older commonly used and monitored drugs and to two new immunosuppressant drugs, mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus. Such studies can provide a more rigorous basis for assessing the risk/benefit associated with a target drug concentration in the individual patient and for designing future prospective pharmacokinetic and therapeutic drug monitoring investigations.
Increasing vector processor pipeline efficiency with a thread-interleaved controller (2011)

Vector processors are a fast and energy-efficient way of executing code with large amounts of data parallelism. Programmability has however been a difficult topic and has limited vector processors to a few niche applications. Recent advances in compiler auto-vectorization promise to make vector processors relevant for general-purpose computing. However, compiler-generated code is inefficient and makes poor use of vector resources, which are often the most area and power-consuming devices within a processing system. We propose adapting interleaved multi-threading, a proven technique for increasing pipeline efficiency of scalar processors, to improve utilization of vector resources, thereby providing gains in speed as well as potential reduction in energy consumption.
1,2‐Shift of a Carboxyl Group in a <i>Wagner</i>‐<i>Meerwein</i> Rearrangement (1982)

Abstract On treatment with HSO 3 F in SO 2 C1F at 0°, 3‐hydroxy‐2,2‐dimethyl‐3‐phenyl‐propionic acid ( 1a ) is transformed into 2‐phenyl‐3‐methyl‐2‐butenoic acid ( 2a ) (isolated yield: 40–44%). Using monolabelled [3‐ 13 C]‐ 1a ( 1a *) and doubly labelled [1,3‐ 13 C 2 ]‐ 1a ( 1a **), the migration of HOOC (or a mechanistically equivalent group) was proved; a cross experiment established the intramolecular character of the rearrangement. By following the reaction at low temperature in an NMR. spectrometer, the formation of intermediates and side products was demonstrated.
Critical-Sized Defect in the Tibia (2014)

Prognostic level I. See instructions for authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Enabling OS research by inferring interactions in the black-box GPU stack (2013)

General-purpose GPUs now account for substantial computing power on many platforms, but the management of GPU resources—cycles, memory, bandwidth— is frequently hidden in black-box libraries, drivers, and devices, outside the control of mainstream OS kernels. We believe that this situation is untenable, and that vendors will eventually expose sufficient information about cross-black-box interactions to enable whole-system resource management. In the meantime, we want to enable research into what that management should look like. We systematize, in this paper, a methodology to uncover the interactions within black-box GPU stacks. The product of this methodology is a state machine that captures interactions as transitions among semantically meaningful states. The uncovered semantics can be of significant help in understanding and tuning application performance. More importantly, they allow the OS kernel to intercept—and act upon—the initiation and completion of arbitrary GPU requests, affording it full control over scheduling and other resource management. While insufficiently robust for production use, our tools open whole new fields of exploration to researchers outside the GPU vendor labs. 1
Synergistic antimicrobial effect of acetic acid, sodium chloride and essential oil components. (1982)

Acetic acid, NaCl and essential oil components were examined for their synergistic antimicrobial effect, using air-borne microorganisms and purely cultured fungi. Antimicrobial assays were carried out at 27°C, using 2% glucose Sabouraud agar. In order to completely suppress the growth of all the contaminating air microorganisms over a period of one month, more than 0.2% acetic acid or more than 25% NaCl was required in the medium. Any one of the essential oil components examined, at a concentration of as high as 1 mM or more, permitted considerable growth of various air microorganisms within several days after contamination. However, in combination with both 0.1% acetic acid and 3% NaCl, perillaldehyde, citral (α, β-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes), citronellol, geraniol, perillalcohol (primary alcohols) or cuminaldehyde, at a concentration of 0.5 mM, completely suppressed the growth of all the contaminating air microorganisms over a period of one month. Cinnamaldehyde was approximately twice as potent as these compounds in this respect. L-Menthol (secondary alcohol) and D-carvone (α, β-unsaturated ketone), at a concentration of 1 mM but not O.5mM, completely suppressed such microbial growth under the same exprimental conditions. Citronellal (α, β-saturated aldehyde) and linalool (tertiary alcohol) were somewhat less effective than L-menthol and D-carvone. Hydrocarbons examined (D-limonene, α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, β-myrcene, β-caryophyllene and p-cymene), even at 2mM, were only moderately effective in this respect. Similar synergistic antimicrobial effects of these substances were observed when using purely cultured fungi. These results strongly suggest that acetic acid, NaCl and certain essential oils (or their components), when combined together, are applicable at relatively lower concentrations for effective preservation of certain foods without applying synthetic preservatives.
Network Virtualization: Breaking the Performance Barrier (2008)

The recent resurgence in popularity of virtualization has led to its use in a growing number of contexts, many of which require high-performance networking. Consider server consolidation, for example. The efficiency of network virtualization directly impacts the number of network servers that can effectively be consolidated onto a single physical machine. Unfortunately, modern network virtualization techniques incur significant overhead, which limits the achievable network performance. We need new network virtualization techniques to realize the full benefits of virtualization in network-intensive domains.
A complex between contactin-1 and the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRZ controls the development of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (2011)

The six members of the contactin (CNTN) family of neural cell adhesion molecules are involved in the formation and maintenance of the central nervous system (CNS) and have been linked to mental retardation and neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism. Five of the six CNTNs bind to the homologous receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases gamma (PTPRG) and zeta (PTPRZ), but the biological roles of these interactions remain unclear. We report here the cocrystal structure of the carbonic anhydrase-like domain of PTPRZ bound to tandem Ig repeats of CNTN1 and combine these structural data with binding assays to show that PTPRZ binds specifically to CNTN1 expressed at the surface of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Furthermore, analyses of glial cell populations in wild-type and PTPRZ-deficient mice show that the binding of PTPRZ to CNTN1 expressed at the surface of oligodendrocyte precursor cells inhibits their proliferation and promotes their development into mature oligodendrocytes. Overall, these results implicate the PTPRZ/CNTN1 complex as a previously unknown modulator of oligodendrogenesis.
[Diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in patients with bronchial asthma caused by cytotoxic dust]. (2006)

To reveal latent IHD, the authors performed stress testing (veloergometry and transesophageal cardiac electric stimulation) in 63 patients with chronic obstructive dust bronchitis (CODB) and CODB complicated with bronchial asthma varying in severity. Latent IHD was diagnosed in 8% of the patients. Higher tolerance of physical exertion was seen in all groups of the patients, except for those with severe bronchial asthma--who had lower and medium tolerance. Patients with positive veloergometry test performed medium and high level of exertion.
Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A Accounts for the Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-Binding Protein-4 (IGFBP-4) Proteolytic Activity in Human Pregnancy Serum and Enhances the Mitogenic Activity of IGF by Degrading IGFBP-4<i>in Vitro</i><sup>1</sup> (2001)

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) has been identified as the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-dependent IGF-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) protease produced by human fibroblasts. Recently, we found that serum proteases induced during human pregnancy cleaved IGFBP-4 in both an IGF-II-dependent and an IGF-II-independent fashion. This study sought to determine whether PAPP-A is the predominant IGFBP-4 protease in human pregnancy serum (PS) and to assess the in vitro role of serum PAPP-A. Immunoprecipitation with PAPP-A antibody effectively depleted PAPP-A from the PS and completely abolished both IGF-II-dependent and IGF-II-independent IGFBP-4 proteolytic activity in PS. Direct addition of PAPP-A antibody to PS completely blocked IGFBP-4 proteolysis and partially blocked IGFBP-5 proteolysis, but had no effect on IGFBP-3 proteolysis. To evaluate the role of serum PAPP-A, we tested whether PAPP-A in PS modulated the inhibitory activity of IGFBP-4 on IGF-II-induced cell proliferation in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells. The wild-type IGFBP-4 (WTBP-4; 200 ng/mL) failed to inhibit proliferation of the cells treated with PS (0.1% or 0.3%) alone or in combination with IGF-II (40 ng/mL), whereas the inhibitory effect of WTBP-4 was observed in the cells treated with nonpregnancy serum alone or in combination with IGF-II (P < 0.05). In contrast to WTBP-4, a protease-resistant IGFBP-4 was able to inhibit proliferation of the cells treated with PS alone or in combination with IGF-II (P < 0.05). In the presence of PAPP-A neutralizing antibody, the inhibitory effect of WTBP-4 on proliferation of the cells treated with IGF-II and PS was restored. In summary, these data demonstrate 1) that PAPP-A represents the predominant IGFBP-4 protease in PS; 2) that PAPP-A may in part contribute to IGFBP-5, but not IGFBP-3, proteolytic activity in PS; and 3) that PAPP-A enhances the bioactivity of IGFs in vitro by degrading IGFBP-4.
Scheduling Arrivals to Queues: A Single-Server Model with No-Shows (2008)

Queueing systems with scheduled arrivals, i.e., appointment systems, are typical for frontal service systems, e.g., health clinics. An aspect of customer behavior that influences the overall efficiency of such systems is the phenomenon of no-shows. The consequences of no-shows cannot be underestimated; e.g., British surveys reveal that in the United Kingdom alone more than 12 million general practitioner (GP) appointments are missed every year, costing the British health service an estimated £250 million annually. In this study we answer the following key questions: How should the schedule be computed when there are no-shows? Is it sufficiently accurate to use a schedule designed for the same expected number of customers without no-shows? How important is it to invest in efforts that reduce no-shows—i.e., given that we apply a schedule that takes no-shows into consideration, is the existence of no-shows still costly to the server and customers?
Comparative complement fixation and serum neutralization antibody titers to herpes simplex virus type 1 and Herpesvirus simiae in Macaca mulatta and humans (1977)

The serological relationship of herpes simplex type 1 virus and Herpesvirus simiae was studied. Antibody titers to these viruses were determined in 163 Macaca mulatta sera and 67 human sera by serum neutralization (SN) and complement fixation (CF) tests. Both groups of sera were also tested by CF with envelope and capsid antigens of herpes simplex type 1. By SN, the majority of the monkeys and all of the humans had a higher titer to herpes simplex type 1 than to H. simiae. By CF, with crude antigens the titers in the monkey sera were greater to H. simiae than to herpes simplex type 1, although four sera had equal titers to both antigens; the titers in the human sera were conversely higher with the herpes simplex type 1 antigen, except for four sera which had equal titers to both antigens. The capsid CF antigen of herpes simplex type 1 was reactive with the human sera but virtually nonreactive with the monkey sera; the envelope CF antigen of herpes simplex type 1 was reactive with both monkey and human sera but was somewhat less reactive than the crude herpes simplex type 1 CF antigen. In addition, serum samples from a patient recently infected with H. simiae were examined by CF and SN for antibody to both herpes simplex type 1 and H. simiae viruses. The serological profile indicated a positive correlation with the infecting virus. Although the SN titers did not conclusively reflect an infection with H. simiae, the CF titers were higher to H. simiae than to herpes simplex in later sera and thus appeared to be compatible with H. simiae infection.
Formation of silicon-on-insulator layer with midair cavity for meniscus force-mediated layer transfer and high-performance transistor fabrication on glass (2015)

We attempted to transfer a phosphorus ion (P+)-implanted oxidized silicon-on-insulator (SOI) layer with a midair cavity to a glass substrate using meniscus force at a low temperature. The SiO2 column size was controlled by etching time and the minimum column size was 104 nm. The transfer yield of the implanted sample was significantly improved by decreasing the column size, and the maximum transfer yield was 95% when the implantation dose was 1 × 1015 cm−2. The causes of increasing transfer yield are considered to be the tapered SiO2 column shape and the hydrophilicity of the surface of oxidized samples with implantation. N-channel thin-film transistors (TFTs) fabricated using the films on glass at 300 °C showed a field-effect mobility of 505 cm2 V−1 s−1, a threshold voltage of 2.47 V and a subthreshold swing of 324 mV/dec. on average.
Evaluation of the Traffic Parameters in a Metropolitan Area by Fusing Visual Perceptions and CNN Processing of Webcam Images (2008)

This paper proposes a traffic monitoring architecture based on a high-speed communication network whose nodes are equipped with fuzzy processors and cellular neural network (CNN) embedded systems. It implements a real-time mobility information system where visual human perceptions sent by people working on the territory and video-sequences of traffic taken from webcams are jointly processed to evaluate the fundamental traffic parameters for every street of a metropolitan area. This paper presents the whole methodology for data collection and analysis and compares the accuracy and the processing time of the proposed soft computing techniques with other existing algorithms. Moreover, this paper discusses when and why it is recommended to fuse the visual perceptions of the traffic with the automated measurements taken from the webcams to compute the maximum traveling time that is likely needed to reach any destination in the traffic network.
Periprocedural Bleeding Complications of Brain AVM Embolization with Onyx (2010)

Periprocedural bleeding of AVMs embolization is considered a severe and devastating complication. The clinical course and prognosis of bleeding mostly depends on prompt detection and management. Interventional embolization is an effective method to manage bleeding during procedures, and the detection of risk factors and imaging signs of bleeding is extremely important.