gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Chemistry of bis(platinum) complexes. Formation of trans derivatives from tetraamine complexes (1989)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTChemistry of bis(platinum) complexes. Formation of trans derivatives from tetraamine complexesNicholas Farrell and Yun QuCite this: Inorg. Chem. 1989, 28, 18, 3416–3420Publication Date (Print):September 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 September 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ic00317a005RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views240Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (658 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts
Phylloplanins of Tobacco Are Defensive Proteins Deployed on Aerial Surfaces by Short Glandular Trichomes (2005)

In plants, defensive proteins secreted to leaf aerial surfaces have not previously been considered to be a strategy of pathogen resistance, and the general occurrence of leaf surface proteins is not generally recognized. We found that leaf water washes (LWW) of the experimental plant Nicotiana tabacum tobacco introduction (TI) 1068 contained highly hydrophobic, basic proteins that inhibited spore germination and leaf infection by the oomycete pathogen Peronospora tabacina. We termed these surface-localized proteins tobacco phylloplanins, and we isolated the novel gene T-Phylloplanin (for Tobacco Phylloplanin) and its promoter from N. tabacum. Escherichia coli-expressed T-phylloplanin inhibited P. tabacina spore germination and greatly reduced leaf infection. The T-phylloplanin promoter, when fused to the reporter genes beta-glucuronidase and green fluorescent protein, directed biosynthesis only in apical-tip cell clusters of short, procumbent glandular trichomes. Here, we provide evidence for a protein-based surface defense system in the plant kingdom, wherein protein biosynthesis in short, procumbent glandular trichomes allows surface secretion and deposition of defensive phylloplanins on aerial surfaces as a first-point-of-contact deterrent to pathogen establishment. As yet uncharacterized surface proteins have been detected on most plant species examined.
Genome-wide QTL analysis of meat quality-related traits in a large F2 intercross between Landrace and Korean native pigs (2015)

Our results confirm several previously reported QTL. In addition, we identified novel QTL for meat quality traits, which together with the associated positional candidate genes improve the knowledge on the genetic structure that underlies genetic variation for meat quality traits in pigs.
Decision Forests: A Unified Framework for Classification, Regression, Density Estimation, Manifold Learning and Semi-Supervised Learning (2011)

In recent years decision forests have established themselves as one of the most promising techniques in machine learning, computer vision and medical image analysis. This book is directed at engineers and PhD students who wish to learn the basics of decision forests as well as more senior researchers who wish to push the state of the art in automated image understanding. The authors presents a unified, efficient model of random decision forests which can be used in a number of applications such as scene recognition from photographs, object recognition in images, automatic diagnosis from radiological scans and document analysis. Such applications have traditionally been addressed by different, supervised or unsupervised machine learning techniques. In contrast, here we cast diverse tasks such as regression, classification and semi-supervised learning as instances of the same general decision forest model. The flexibility of the forest framework further extends to tasks such as density estimation, manifold learning and semi-supervised learning. The unified forest framework gives us the opportunity to implement and optimize the underlying algorithm only once, and then easily adapt it to individual applications with relatively small changes. The theoretical basis and numerous explanatory examples presented in this book serve as a solid platform upon which to build exciting future research.
A 14 nm Embedded STT-MRAM CMOS Technology (2020)

We present the first Embedded Spin-Transfer-Torque MRAM (eMRAM) technology in a 14 nm CMOS node. A novel integration supports the highest eMRAM density (0.0273 um2 cell size), optimal magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) placement between M1-M2 for performance and density, and the lowest-cost integration scheme, with only 3 added mask levels (2 critical + 1 non-critical) and a single added electrode module. An advanced 400°C-compatible MTJ stack is read and written by innovative reference-cell sensing circuitry. We demonstrate digital functionality and write performance down to 4 ns, with companion parametric analysis for magnetoresistance, switching voltage, retention, and endurance cycling. Finally, we checked the 14 nm eMRAM hardware BEOL EM and TDDB at the critical levels, verifying good reliability after the embedding process.
Memory states in small arrays of Josephson junctions (2016)

We study memory states of a circuit consisting of a small inductively coupled Josephson junction array and introduce basic (write, read, and reset) memory operations logics of the circuit. The presented memory operation paradigm is fundamentally different from conventional single quantum flux operation logics. We calculate stability diagrams of the zero-voltage states and outline memory states of the circuit. We also calculate access times and access energies for basic memory operations.
An investigation of phone-based subword units for end-to-end speech recognition (2020)

Phones and their context-dependent variants have been the standard modeling units for conventional speech recognition systems, while characters and subwords have demonstrated their effectiveness for end-to-end recognition systems. We investigate the use of phone-based subwords, in particular, byte pair encoder (BPE), as modeling units for end-to-end speech recognition. In addition, we also developed multi-level language model-based decoding algorithms based on a pronunciation dictionary. Besides the use of the lexicon, which is easily available, our system avoids the need of additional expert knowledge or processing steps from conventional systems. Experimental results show that phone-based BPEs tend to yield more accurate recognition systems than the character-based counterpart. In addition, further improvement can be obtained with a novel one-pass joint beam search decoder, which efficiently combines phone- and character-based BPE systems. For Switchboard, our phone-based BPE system achieves 6.8\%/14.4\% word error rate (WER) on the Switchboard/CallHome portion of the test set while joint decoding achieves 6.3\%/13.3\% WER. On Fisher + Switchboard, joint decoding leads to 4.9\%/9.5\% WER, setting new milestones for telephony speech recognition.
Biological Hydrogen Production from Corn-Syrup Waste Using a Novel System (2009)

The reported patent-pending system comprises a novel biohydrogen reactor with a gravity settler for decoupling of SRT from HRT. The biohydrogenator was operated for 100 days at 37 °C, hydraulic retention time 8 h and solids retention time ranging from 2.2–2.5 days. The feed was a corn-syrup waste generated as a byproduct from an industrial facility for bioethanol production located in southwestern Ontario, Canada. The system was initially started up with a synthetic feed containing glucose at concentration of 8 g/L and other essential inorganics. Anaerobicaly-digested sludge from the St. Mary’s wastewater treatment plant (St. Mary, Ontario, Canada) was used as the seed, and was heat treated at 70 °C for 30 min to inhibit methanogens. After 10 days, when the hydrogen production was steady, the corn-syrup waste was introduced to the system. Glucose was the main constituent in the corn-syrup; its concentration was varied over a period of 90 days from 8 to 25 g/L. The change in glucose concentration was used to study the impact of variable organic loading on the stability of hydrogen production in the biohydrogenator. Hydrogen production rate increased from 10 L H2/L·d to 34 L H2/L·d with the increase of organic loading rate (OLR) from 26 to 81 gCOD/L·d, while a maximum hydrogen yield of 430 mL H2/gCOD was achieved in the system with an overall average of 385 mL H2/gCOD.
Predictive hierarchical table-lookup vector quantization with quadtree encoding (2002)

We present an algorithm for image compression which involves adaptively segmenting a block of residuals resulting from prediction, while encoding them using hierarchical table lookup vector quantization. An optimum decomposition of the block allows an image to be adaptively quantized depending on the statistics of the residual block being encoded. This is useful since most images are nonstationary and have some regions with high detail and some with little. With an optimum decomposition, we can adaptively allocate bits by varying the block size to be quantized. Predictive vector quantization (PVQ) allows us to take advantage of the correlation between adjacent blocks of pixels being encoded by providing memory. The quadtree structure is used to represent the segmentation information and is sent as side information. To reduce the encoding complexity, we use hierarchical table lookups so no arithmetic computations have to be performed to find the minimum distortion codeword. To further improve the performance, we use a variable rate code to decrease the rate. Also, to improve the subjective quality of the image, we use subjective distortion measures.
Post-quantum hybrid security mechanism for MIMO systems (2017)

In this paper, we propose a post-quantum crosslayer key agreement scheme that is robust against Man in the Middle (MitM) attack and the wide deployment of quantum computers. Our security mechanism combines physical layer and cryptographic security techniques to provide best effort security. Physical layer security usually has no assumption on the eavesdropper's, Eve, computational power, nor on Eve's available information. It is unbreakable, provable, and quantifiable. However, physical layer security is limited, hard to prove, and researchers usually consider a passive attacker model. Alternatively, traditional cryptography has worked well in practice, but it is based on the assumption of limited computational power at Eve and it is vulnerable to the large-scale implementation of quantum computers.
Overexpression of wild-type aspartokinase increases L-lysine production in methylotrophic Bacillus methanolicus (2008)

Overexpression of wild-type aspartokinase increases L-lysine production in methylotrophic Bacillus methanolicus
Multimedia support for databases (1997)

Next generation database systems will need to provide support for both textual data and other types of multimedia data (e.g., images, video, audio). These two types of data differ in their characteristics, and hence require different techniques for their organization and management. For example, continuous media data (e.g., video, audio) requires a guaranteed transfer rate. In thii paper, we provide an overview of 1) how database systems can be architectured to support multimedia data, and 2) what are the main challenges in devising new algorithms to manage multimedia data. In order to provide rate guarantees for continuous media data, an admission controZscheme must be employed that determines, for each client, whether there are sufficient resources available to service that client. To maximize the number of clients that can be admitted concurrently, the various system resources must be allocated and scheduled carefully. In terms of disks, we use algorithms for retrieving/storing data from/to disks that reduce seek latency time and eliminate rotational delay, thereby providing high throughput. In terms of main-memory, we use buffer management schemes that exploit the sequential access patterns for continuous media data, thereby resulting in efficient replacement of buffer pages from the cache. In addition to discussing resource scheduling, we also present schemes for the storage layout of data on disks and schemes that provide fault-tolerance by ensuring uninterrupted service in the presence of disk failures.
Secure RAID schemes from EVENODD and STAR codes (2017)

We study secure RAID, i.e., low-complexity schemes to store information in a distributed manner that is resilient to node failures and resistant to node eavesdropping. We describe a technique to shorten the secure EVENODD scheme in [6], which can optimally tolerate 2 node failures and 2 eavesdropping nodes. The shortening technique allows us to obtain secure EVENODD schemes of arbitrary lengths, which is important for practical application. We also construct a new secure RAID scheme from the STAR code. The scheme can tolerate 3 node failures and 3 eavesdropping nodes with optimal encoding/decoding and random access complexity.
Colorless Distributed Combustion (CDC) With Swirl for Gas Turbine Application (2010)

Colorless Distributed Combustion (CDC) can provide significant improvement in gas turbine combustor performance. CDC is characterized by uniform thermal field in the entire combustion chamber, thus avoiding hot-spot regions for low NOx emissions (thermal NOx) and significantly improved pattern factor. In this paper, colorless distributed combustion with swirl is investigated in detail to seek the beneficial aspects of CDC and swirl flows with focus on developing ultra low emissions of NO and CO, and much improved pattern factor. Experimental investigations have been performed using a cylindrical combustor with different modes of fuel injection, swirling air injection and gas exit stream location of the combustor. Air was injected tangentially to impart swirl to the flow inside the combustor. Results showed very low levels of NO (∼3PPM) and CO (∼70PPM) emissions at equivalence ratio of 0.7 at a high heat release intensity of 36MW/m3atm with non-premixed mode of combustion. Results have also been obtained on lean stability limit and OH* chemiluminescence under both premixed and non-premixed conditions.
Thin superconducting oxide films (1987)

Studies of superconductivity in thin films of La-Sr-Cu-O and Y-Ba-Cu-O have resulted in samples completely superconducting at 87 K and with onsets as high as 97 K. The high-${T}_{c}$ materials show a strong Meissner effect which agrees with the temperature dependence of the resistance. Critical current densities in excess of 300 A/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ have been measured close to ${T}_{c}$ in the Y-based materials.
Robust Nonlinear Regulation of Limit Cycle Oscillations in UAVs Using Synthetic Jet Actuators (2014)

In this paper, a synthetic jet actuators (SJA)-based nonlinear robust controller is developed, which is capable of completely suppressing limit cycle oscillations (LCO) in UAV systems with parametric uncertainty in the SJA dynamics and unmodeled external disturbances. Specifically, the control law compensates for uncertainty in an input gain matrix, which results from the unknown airflow dynamics generated by the SJA. Challenges in the control design include compensation for input-multiplicative parametric uncertainty in the actuator dynamic model. The result was achieved via innovative algebraic manipulation in the error system development, along with a Lyapunov-based robust control law. A rigorous Lyapunov-based stability analysis is utilized to prove asymptotic LCO suppression, considering a detailed dynamic model of the pitching and plunging dynamics. Numerical simulation results are provided to demonstrate the robustness and practical performance of the proposed control law.
A collagen and fibrin tube for nerve repair (1990)

A biodegradable tube consisting of alternating laminae of aldehyde and heat-treated collagen and fibrin was tested as a nerve repair device. Tubes placed around intact nerves for 3 weeks showed a high degree of biocompatibility as evidenced by the absence of reactive or toxic alterations of epineurium contacting the implant and the presence of normal perineurial and endoneurial components. Tubes used to bridge a 5 mm gap in the rat tibial nerve showed good vascularization of the collagen laminae, a well-confined nerve regenerate, and advanced resorption of the fibrin component at 3 months. One year after being used to bridge 5-12 mm gaps in the cat radial and saphenous nerves, the tubes were replaced by well-vascularized connective tissue which surrounded a dense nerve regenerate. However, inadequate stabilization of the implants by the small anchoring sutures apparently caused some of the repairs to fail. In sum, the implants appear to promote regeneration of axons across a nerve gap by providing an oriented, well-vascularized physical substrate for neurite outgrowth.
Efficient Perceptual Tuning of Hearing Aids With Genetic Algorithms (2004)

We describe a system for integrating a genetic algorithm (GA) with perceptual feedback to perform an efficient search in a perceptual space. The main system components are an efficient method for estimating perceptual rank order and genetic operators that take advantage of the types of parameters found in certain classes of audio processing systems. Preference judgments are used, resulting in a lightweight user interface. The application to subjectively fitting a portable hearing aid based solely on binary feedback is discussed. An experiment was conducted using eight normal and eight hearing impaired subjects. Three parameters were varied to control cancellation of acoustic feedback. The GA worked well for fitting this system, as indicated by both objective and subjective measures. In addition, users had greatly differing preferences for feedback cancellation parameters and these preferences did not change much when subjects were retested.
A DC to AC radiation converter based on plasma ionization (1995)

Summary form only given, as follows. We describe programs on a new class of high power radiation source. Rather than create electromagnetic fields, the present scheme frequency upshifts an existing static field (/spl omega/=0, k=k/sub 0/) by temporally varying the dielectric properties of a medium (i.e., ionizing a gas). An array of alternating capacitors is charged to a large voltage to produce a static electric field of the form E/spl sim/(E/sub 0/ sin k/sub 0/ Z) y. When the region between the capacitors is filled with a low density working gas and ionized by a short-pulse laser, a phased discharge current generates a radiation pulse following behind the ionizing laser. The frequency of the radiation generated scales as f=8 GHz (n/sub 0//10/sup 12/ cm/sup -3/) (1 cm/k/sub o/), where n/sub 0/ is the plasma density. The output frequency, pulse duration, bandwidth, arbitrary chirp, etc. can be controlled by varying the gas pressure and/or capacitor spacing. Output power is determined by the bias voltage, and high powers are in principal possible by using pulsed biases. At USC/UCLA proof-of-principle experiments are underway to test the predicted characteristics of this alternative source of high-power microwaves. Preliminary results are presented.
Generating Control Commands From Gestures Sensed by EMG (2006)

An effort is under way to develop noninvasive neuro-electric interfaces through which human operators could control systems as diverse as simple mechanical devices, computers, aircraft, and even spacecraft. The basic idea is to use electrodes on the surface of the skin to acquire electromyographic (EMG) signals associated with gestures, digitize and process the EMG signals to recognize the gestures, and generate digital commands to perform the actions signified by the gestures. In an experimental prototype of such an interface, the EMG signals associated with hand gestures are acquired by use of several pairs of electrodes mounted in sleeves on a subject s forearm (see figure). The EMG signals are sampled and digitized. The resulting time-series data are fed as input to pattern-recognition software that has been trained to distinguish gestures from a given gesture set. The software implements, among other things, hidden Markov models, which are used to recognize the gestures as they are being performed in real time. Thus far, two experiments have been performed on the prototype interface to demonstrate feasibility: an experiment in synthesizing the output of a joystick and an experiment in synthesizing the output of a computer or typewriter keyboard. In the joystick experiment, the EMG signals were processed into joystick commands for a realistic flight simulator for an airplane. The acting pilot reached out into the air, grabbed an imaginary joystick, and pretended to manipulate the joystick to achieve left and right banks and up and down pitches of the simulated airplane. In the keyboard experiment, the subject pretended to type on a numerical keypad, and the EMG signals were processed into keystrokes. The results of the experiments demonstrate the basic feasibility of this method while indicating the need for further research to reduce the incidence of errors (including confusion among gestures). Topics that must be addressed include the numbers and arrangements of electrodes needed to acquire sufficient data; refinements in the acquisition, filtering, and digitization of EMG signals; and methods of training the pattern- recognition software. The joystick and keyboard simulations were chosen for the initial experiments because they are familiar to many computer users. It is anticipated that, ultimately, interfaces would utilize EMG signals associated with movements more nearly natural than those associated with joysticks or keyboards. Future versions of the pattern-recognition software are planned to be capable of adapting to the preferences and day-today variations in EMG outputs of individual users; this capability for adaptation would also make it possible to select gestures that, to a given user, feel the most nearly natural for generating control signals for a given task (provided that there are enough properly positioned electrodes to acquire the EMG signals from the muscles involved in the gestures).