gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Cloning and characterization of genes for the<i>Pvu</i>l restriction and modification system (1992)

The genes encoding the endonuclease and the methylase of the PvuI restriction and modification system were cloned in E.coli and characterized. The genes were adjacent in tandem orientation spanning a distance of 2200 bases. The PvuI endonuclease was a single polypeptide with a calculated molecular weight of 27,950 daltons. The endonuclease was easily detectable when the gene was expressed from its endogenous promotor and present on a low copy plasmid, but expression was considerably enhanced when the endonuclease gene was placed under the control of a strong promoter on a high copy plasmid. The methylase did not completely protect plasmid DNA from R.PvuI digestion until the methylase gene was placed under lac promotor control in a multicopy plasmid. In the absence of the M.PvuI methylase, expression of the R.PvuI endonuclease from the lac promotor on a multicopy plasmid was not lethal to wild type E.coli, but was lethal in a temperature-sensitive ligase mutant at the non-permissive temperature. Moreover, induction of the R.PvuI endonuclease under lambda pL promotor control resulted in complete digestion of the E.coli chromosome by R.PvuI.
Vibration Characteristics of Stacked Piezoelectric Transducers (2015)

ABSTRACT This paper deals with the vibration characteristics of stacked transducers composed of piezoelectric discs, which are main elements of ultrasonic sensors or actuators. The stacked transducers were de-vised in the sense of natural frequencies. Two- or three-layer transducers were fabricated with piezo-electric discs of different diameters. The natural frequencies were determined by the finite element analysis and they were verified by comparing them with experimental results. It appeared that the natural frequencies of the stacked piezoelectric transducers include the natural frequencies of the con-stituent piezoelectric discs and the natural frequencies caused by stacking. Based on these results, it would be possible to predict the vibration characteristics of the stacked piezoelectric transducers in a design process. * 1. 서 론 진동의 전파인 파동이 다양한 분야에 널리 활용되고 있다 (1) . 파동 신호를 이용하는 계측기에 초음파 수위계, 초음파 유량계, 차량 후방 감지기 등이 있고, 파동 에너지를 이용하는 액추에이터에 초음파 모터, 초음파 가공기, 초음파 세척기 등이 있다. 이러한 초음파 센서 또는 액추에이터에 압전 변환기가 많이 사용된다
Fast-Scan NMR Imaging (1987)

This paper describes the Fast Recovery (FR) method for fast-scan Nuclear Magnetic Resonance imaging. The FR method uses a sequence of four radio frequency pulses-alternating selective 90° nutation pulses and nonselective 180° pulses. One free induction decay (FID) signal and one echo signal are detected and averaged to compute a 2-D image. In the modified FR method, extra 180° pulses are applied between 90° pulses to cause refocusing and the resultant spin echo signals are averaged to improve the signal to noise ratio. For the FR and modified FR sequences, the macroscopic magnetization is restored to equilibrium quickly and exactly; scan time can consequently be less than that for conventional pulse sequences, such as used in the saturation recovery method, without any penalty in signal to noise ratio.This paper derives expressions for the signal to noise ratio, scan time ratio and contrast noise ratio, compares the FR and modified FR methods with the saturation recovery method and presents experimental results for human body images.In theory and practice, the signal to noise ratio for the FR method is larger than that for the modified FR method. For a given signal to noise ratio the scan time is between one half and one fourth that for the saturation recovery method. The optimum repetition period, Tr, is 0.07∼0.25s for the FR method, and 0.1∼0.5s for the modified FR method. Contrast noise ratio is low for high speed imaging, Tr=0.07∼0.25s, but, high contrast noise ratio image is obtained for Tr>0.5s.
Body-worn, non-invasive sensor for monitoring stroke volume, cardiac output and cardiovascular reserve (2011)

Hemorrhagic shock induced by traumatic injury is a leading cause of mortality on the battlefield and in civilian trauma settings. The first hour following injury can be critical to survival, requiring frequent assessment of vital signs and intravascular volume needs. Conventional vital signs, such as heart rate and blood pressure, are generally nonspecific and slow to change until acute blood loss volume nears 25--30% of total blood volume. The lack of specificity associated with these vital signs limits their usefulness in the early detection and monitoring of acute blood loss. In contrast, measurements of cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV) and a new parameter termed Cardiovascular Reserve Index (CRI), follow the progression of hemorrhage and response to intravenous fluid therapy. They are superior indicators of blood loss volume and fluid resuscitation needs. We will demonstrate the implementation of all three parameters on a small, noninvasive body-worn device that is wirelessly connected to a central monitoring system.
Glyoxalase I inhibitors in cancer chemotherapy (2003)

Several recent developments suggest that the GSH-dependent glyoxalase enzyme system deserves renewed interest as a potential target for antitumour drug development. This summary focuses on the design and development of new classes of tumoricidal agents that specifically target this elementary detoxification pathway in order to induce elevated concentrations of cytotoxic methylglyoxal in tumour cells. Special emphasis is placed on structure- and mechanism-based inhibitors of GlxI (glyoxalase I), the first enzyme in the pathway. A new class of bivalent transition-state analogues is described that simultaneously bind the active site on each subunit of the homodimeric human GlxI, resulting in K (i) values as low as 1 nM. Also described is a new family of bromoacyl esters of GSH that function as active-site-directed irreversible inhibitors of GlxI. Newer prodrugs for delivering the GSH-based inhibitors into tumour cells include reactive sulphoxide esters that undergo acyl exchange with endogenous GSH to give the inhibitors, and polymethacrylamide esters of the inhibitors that are potentially tumour-selective on the basis of the "enhanced permeability and retention effect". Finally, a preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of selected GlxI inhibitors in tumour-bearing mice is given.
An allergenic polypeptide representing a variable region of <i>hsp</i> 70 cloned from a cDNA library of <i>Cladosporium herbarum</i> (1996)

These results indicate that amino acid substitutions are relatively conserved even in the variable C-terminal regions of hsp 70 species. Thus, this study should draw attention to the possibility of induction of anaphylactic responses in a sensitized individual when hsp 70 from any pathogenic species is administered for vaccination.
Electrophotographic patterning of a-Si:H (2002)

We report the patterning of thin films of amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) using electrophotographically applied toner as the etch mask. Using a conventional xerographic copier, a toner pattern was applied to 0.1 /spl mu/m thick a-Si:H films deposited on /spl sim/50 /spl mu/m thick glass foil. The toner then served as the etch mask for a-Si:H, and as the lift-off material for the patterning of chromium. This technique opens the prospect of roll-to-roll, high-throughput patterning of large-area thin-film circuits on glass substrates.
Electrified microheterogeneous catalysis in low ionic strength media (1993)

The ability to drive catalytic processes when dc voltages are applied to low ionic strength dispersions has been demonstrated for the selective partial oxidation of propene at 0 °C in an aqueous dispersion of PdII–CuII supported on Y zeolite where the primary partial oxidation product can be either acetone or propylene oxide depending on the nature of the dispersed solid; in the absence of the applied electrifying force no product forms and in the absence of the molecular catalyst no selective oxidation occurs.
Piezoelectric electromechanical bimorph transducer (1983)

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Iterative optical diffraction tomography for illumination scanning configuration (2020)

Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) is used to reconstruct refractive-index distributions from multiple measurements in the object rotating configuration (ORC) or the illumination scanning configuration (ISC). Because of its fast data acquisition and stability, ISC-based ODT has been widely used for biological imaging. ODT typically fails to reconstruct multiply-scattering samples. The previously developed iterative ODT (iODT) was for the multiply-scattering objects in ORC, and could not be directly applied to ISC. To resolve this mismatch, we developed an ISC update and numerically demonstrated its accuracy. With the same prior knowledge, iODT-ISC outperforms conventional ODT in resolving the missing-angle problem.
Laser reflective interferometry for <i>in situ</i> monitoring of diamond film growth by chemical vapor deposition (1993)

A simple laser reflective interferometer has been employed for in situ monitoring of diamond film growth in a hot-filament chemical vapor deposition reactor. This method uses a low power HeNe laser beam reflected at normal incident from the substrate. The high refractive index of the diamond film and the relatively high reflectivity of the Si substrate result in pronounced and easily detected interference oscillations in the reflected beam intensity. The oscillation period provides an accurate and immediate measure of the growth rate. In addition, the variations of the extrema of the oscillations provide an estimate of the quality and surface texture of the diamond films. Significant improvement in research productivity has been realized by using this technique.
Early Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment using Pervasive Sensing (2019)

Aging in place and independent living for the elderly has gained importance, and so has instrumented homes for ambient assisted living (AAL). In this paper we explore the feasibility of using passive sensors to provide insights into the cognitive and physical well-being of the subject. We derive a novel clustering based tactics to check heterogeneity in terms of movement behaviour among patients, and then provide our feasibility study on detection of mild cognitive impairment based on the results of the clustering.
AI Meets AI (2019)

State-of-the-art index tuners rely on query optimizer's cost estimates to search for the index configuration with the largest estimated execution cost improvement`. Due to well-known limitations in optimizer's estimates, in a significant fraction of cases, an index estimated to improve a query's execution cost, e.g., CPU time, makes that worse when implemented. Such errors are a major impediment for automated indexing in production systems. We observe that comparing the execution cost of two plans of the same query corresponding to different index configurations is a key step during index tuning. Instead of using optimizer's estimates for such comparison, our key insight is that formulating it as a classification task in machine learning results in significantly higher accuracy. We present a study of the design space for this classification problem. We further show how to integrate this classifier into the state-of-the-art index tuners with minimal modifications, i.e., how artificial intelligence (AI) can benefit automated indexing (AI). Our evaluation using industry-standard benchmarks and a large number of real customer workloads demonstrates up to 5x reduction in the errors in identifying the cheaper plan in a pair, which eliminates almost all query execution cost regressions when the model is used in index tuning.
Efficient topological compilation for a weakly integral anyonic model (2016)

A class of anyonic models for universal quantum computation based on weakly-integral anyons has been recently proposed. While universal set of gates cannot be obtained in this context by anyon braiding alone, designing a certain type of sector charge measurement provides universality. In this paper we develop a compilation algorithm to approximate arbitrary $n$-qutrit unitaries with asymptotically efficient circuits over the metaplectic anyon model. One flavor of our algorithm produces efficient circuits with upper complexity bound asymptotically in $O({3}^{2\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}n}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}log1/\ensuremath{\varepsilon})$ and entanglement cost that is exponential in $n$. Another flavor of the algorithm produces efficient circuits with upper complexity bound in $O(n\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{3}^{2\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}n}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}log1/\ensuremath{\varepsilon})$ and no additional entanglement cost.
SERIAL PASSAGE OF <i>TRICHOPLUSIA NI</i> SINGLE EMBEDDED BACULOVIRUS IN HOMOLOGOUS CELL LINE* (2000)

Abstract Trichoplusia ni single embedded nuclear polyhedrosis virus (TnSNPV) is highly pathogenic for cell line but there were some problems with producing a few polyhedra and decrease of efficiency during serial passages. Sixty serial passages of TnSNPV were conducted in Tn 5B1–4 cell. Replication of the viral DNA and comparison of the viral character between the wild virus and clones from serial passages were performed. The TnSNPV DNA molecular weight, 115.8 kbp, was estimated by restriction enzyme analysis. Replication of the viral DNA which was analyzed by slot blot hybridization started at 8 h postinfection (p.i) and the DNA increased fast after 28 h p. i. The DNA synthesis reached a maximal number at 40 h p. i. The result from serial passage of the virus demanstrated that the relative BV titer was maitained at approximately 5 log TCIDSO/mL. The polyhedra of viral clones from early passages were almost normal but the majority of clones from late passages produced polyhedra without virions by examination with electron microscopy. Although there were some alterations with viral DNA from different clones, yet all of clones were from a homologous genome of wild virus by examination of restriction enzyme analysis and DNA:DNA hybridization.
A nanomechanical switch for integration with CMOS logic (2009)

We designed, fabricated and measured the performance of nanoelectromechanical (NEMS) switches. Initial data are reported with one of the switch designs having a measured switching time of 400 ns and an operating voltage of 5 V. The switches operated laterally with unmeasurable leakage current in the 'off' state. Surface micromachining techniques were used to fabricate the switches. All processing was CMOS compatible. A single metal layer, defined by a single mask step, was used as the mechanical switch layer. The details of the modeling, fabrication and testing of the NEMS switches are reported.
Prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination against a mucosal papillomavirus (1993)

Papillomaviruses are ubiquitous DNA viruses affecting humans and animals and causing a variety of tumours of mucosal and cutaneous epithelia. Some of these lesions, particularly those affecting mucosal epithelia, can progress to squamous cell carcinomas. Prevention or cure of viral infection would ultimately lead to a decrease in the incidence of papillomavirus-associated cancers. Using recombinant proteins, we have developed prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against bovine papillomavirus type 4, a mucosal papillomavirus implicated in cancer of the alimentary canal in cattle; similar possibilities exist for the human mucosal papillomaviruses.
Increased Activity of Cell Membrane-Associated Prothrombinase, Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2, in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of B-Cell Lymphoma Patients (2014)

Fibrinogen-like protein 2, FGL-2, was reported to be overexpressed in various cancer tissues, where it acts as a transmembrane prothrombinase. This study aims to determine the prothrombinase activity of FGL-2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with B-cell lymphoma. FGL-2 activity was determined in patients with B-cell lymphoma (n = 53), and healthy controls (n = 145). FGL-2 activity in patients at diagnosis increased 3 ± 0.3 fold (p < 0.001). Sensitivity and specificity of the test was established at 73.6% and 80.7%, respectively, using a cutoff of 150% activity over control. Moreover, FGL-2 activity in 10 of 11 patients in remission decreased by 76%. In contrast, no significant difference was observed in expression levels of fgl-2 gene in patients and controls. Taken together, our study indicates that FGL-2 prothrombinase activity in PBMC of lymphoma patients is increased in active disease and normalizes during remission, thus being a potential marker for follow up of lymphoma patients.
Short Term Culture of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Commercial Osteoconductive Carriers Provides Unique Insights into Biocompatibility (2013)

For spinal fusions and the treatment of non-union fractures, biological substrates, scaffolds, or carriers often are applied as a graft to support regeneration of bone. The selection of an appropriate material critically influences cellular function and, ultimately, patient outcomes. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are regarded as a critical component of bone healing. However, the interactions of BMSCs and commercial bone matrices are poorly reported. BMSCs were cultured with several commercially available bone substrates (allograft, demineralized bone matrix (DBM), collagen, and various forms of calcium phosphates) for 48 h to understand their response to graft materials during surgical preparation and the first days following implantation (cell retention, gene expression, pH). At 30 and 60 min, bone chips and inorganic substrates supported significantly more cell retention than other materials, while collagen-containing materials became soluble and lost their structure. At 48 h, cells bound to β-tricalcium phosphate-hydroxyapatite (βTCP-HA) and porous hydroxyapatite (HA) granules exhibited osteogenic gene expression statistically similar to bone chips. Through 24 h, the DBM strip and βTCP-collagen became mildly acidic (pH 7.1-7.3), while the DBM poloxamer-putties demonstrated acidity (pH < 5) and the bioglass-containing carrier became basic (pH > 10). The dissolution of DBM and collagen led to a loss of cells, while excessive pH changes potentially diminish cell viability and metabolism. Extracts from DBM-poloxamers induced osteogenic gene expression at 48 h. This study highlights the role that biochemical and structural properties of biomaterials play in cellular function, potentially enhancing or diminishing the efficacy of the overall therapy.
An Optimized Er All-Fiber Chirped Pulse Amplification System Producing 570-fs, 312-nJ Pulses (2005)

We report an all-fiber CPA system based on pulse stretching in dispersion-engineered FBG and compression in photonic band gap fiber (PBGF). We analyze the design trade-offs and estimate pulse energy limit due to PBGF nonlinearity.
A 7nm Leakage-Current-Supply Circuit for LDO Dropout Voltage Reduction (2019)

A 7nm leakage-current-supply (LCS) circuit tracks leakage across process and temperature variations and controls PFET block-head switches (BHS) to supply the slow-changing leakage current while an analog low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulator supplies the fast-changing dynamic current to reduce the LDO maximum current demand (I <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">MAX</sub> ) and minimum dropout voltage (V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DO,MIN</sub> ). Measurements demonstrate a 70mV (44%) V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">DO,MIN</sub> reduction, enabling 14-22% power savings.
Compound Mutations (2004)

LQTS-associated compound mutations cause a severe phenotype and are more common than expected. Individuals with compound mutations need to be identified, and their management should be tailored to their increased risk for arrhythmias.
Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of 4'-substituted spiro[4H-3,1-benzoxazine-4,4'-piperidin]-2(1H)-ones (1983)

A series of 4'-substituted spiro[4H-3,1-benzoxazine-4,4'-piperidin]-2(1H)-ones was prepared and evaluated for antihypertensive activity in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). The basic ring system was prepared in one step by condensation of dilithiated (tert-butoxycarbonyl)aniline (3) with (tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidinone. Deprotection afforded 6, which was condensed with expoxides or alkyl halides to furnish the title compounds. The most active compound was dl-erythro-4'-[2-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethyl]spiro [4H-3,1-benzoxazine-4,4'-piperidin]-2(1H)-one (9), and various modifications of this compound were made in order to elucidate the structure-activity relationships in the series. Preliminary indications are that 9 may act by both central and peripheral mechanisms.
Effects of selected thermophilic microorganisms on crude oils at elevated temperatures and pressures. Final report (1995)

During the past several years, a considerable amount of work has been carried out showing that microbially enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is promising and the resulting biotechnology may be deliverable. At the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), systematic studies have been conducted which dealt with the effects of thermophilic and thermoadapted bacteria on the chemical and physical properties of selected types of crude oils at elevated temperatures and pressures. Particular attention was paid to heavy crude oils from Venezuela, California, Alabama, Arkansas, Wyoming, Alaska, and other oil producing areas. Current studies indicate that during the biotreatment several chemical and physical properties of crude oils are affected. The oils are (1) emulsified; (2) acidified; (3) there is a qualitative and quantitative change in light and heavy fractions of the crudes; (4) there are chemical changes in fractions containing sulfur compounds; (5) there is an apparent reduction in the concentration of trace metals; (6) the qualitative and quantitative changes appear to be microbial species dependent; and (7) there is a distinction between {open_quotes}biodegraded{close_quotes} and {open_quotes}biotreated{close_quotes} oils. Preliminary results indicate the introduced microorganisms may become the dominant species in the bioconversion of oils. These studies also indicate the biochemical interactions between crude oils and microorganisms follow distinct trends, characterized by a group of chemical markers. Core-flooding experiments have shown significant additional crude oil recoveries are achievable with thermophilic microorganisms at elevated temperatures similar to those found in oil reservoirs. In addition, the biochemical treatment of crude oils has technological applications in downstream processing of crude oils such as in upgrading of low grade oils and the production of hydrocarbon based detergents.
Attitude determination with the aid of a triple-antenna GNSS receiver without integer ambiguity resolutions integrated with a low-cost inertial measurement unit (2019)

Resolutions of integer ambiguities in GNSS carrier phase measurements may be removed if only fractional parts of single phase differences are used for an attitude determination. But the fractional parts based attitude determination algorithm must be seeded precisely. Low-cost IMU's measurements are used to satisfy this precise seeding requirement. The special design of the GNSS and IMU coupling filter is proposed. This coupling filter allows to build the tri-antenna GNSS+IMU integrated navigation system using two dual antenna GNSS receivers of any type.