gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
A new technique for measuring gas conversion factors for hydrocarbon mass flowmeters (1983)

A technique for measuring calibration conversion factors for hydrocarbon mass flowmeters was developed. It was applied to a widely used type of commercial thermal mass flowmeter for hydrocarbon gases. The values of conversion factors for two common hydrocarbons measured using this technique are in good agreement with the empirical values cited by the manufacturer. Similar agreements can be expected for all other hydrocarbons. The technique is based on Nernst theorem for matching the partial pressure of oxygen in the combustion product gases with that in normal air. It is simple, quick and relatively safe--particularly for toxic/poisonous hydrocarbons.
Development of Uniform Powder Filling Method. Aeration Powder Filling. (1998)

Dimensional tolerance of complex P/M parts is improved by uniformly filling powders in a die cavity. In our previous study, the powder behavior in filling the die cavity was investigated using a visual apparatus. It was clarified that the particle size segregation occurred in filling with low flowability of powders. In order to improve the flowability of powders in a feed shoe, an aeration powder filling method has been developed by blowing a small amount of nitrogen gas into the feed shoe. The effect of aeration powder filling was confirmed using the visual apparatus. The decreasing of particle size segregation and the shortening of the filling time by improving the flowability of powders were obtained even in the case of thin die cavity filling, compared with the conventional gravity filling.
Accelerated Brain Atrophy on Serial Computed Tomography (2016)

Brain volumetry on CT reliably detected accelerated volume loss in AD and significantly lower acceleration factor in age-matched non-AD patients, leading to the possibility of its use to monitor the progression of cognitive decline and dementia.
A theoretical analysis of deformation behavior of an innovative 3D auxetic textile structure (2014)

This paper reports a theoretical analysis of deformation behavior of an innovative 3D auxetic structure. Both bending deformation and cross-sectional deformation of the yarns in a representative unit of the structure were first analyzed to establish the relationships among different geometrical parameters and yarn modulus. Then, the Poisson’s ratio values of the structure under different compression strains were theoretically calculated and compared with the experimental results. Based on the validation of the theoretical analysis, the effects of different structural parameters and yarn modulus on the negative Poisson’s ratio behavior of the structure were finally predicted and discussed. The results obtained from the analysis would be very useful for the optimization of the negative Poisson’s ratio behavior of 3D auxetic structure.
Initiation and Maturation of Somatic Embryos of Squash (Cucurbito pepo) (1992)

Plant regeneration from tissue cultures of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L. ev. YC60) has been observed. Embryogenic callus tissues were initiated when cotyledons of mature seeds were excised and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with either 22.7 μ m 2,4-D or a combination of 4.7 μ m 2,4,5-T, 4 μ m BA, and 0.5 μ m kinetin. Clusters of somatic embryos were found in callus tissue. Maturation of these somatic embryos was effected by transfer of embryogenic callus tissues to MS supplemented with 0.5 μ m NAA and 0.25 μ m kinetin. Regenerated mature plants were morphologically normal and set fruits containing seeds that germinated normally. Chemical names used: 6-benzylaminopurine (BA); 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); α - napthaleneacetic acid (NAA); 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T).
A New 10 μm Infrared Detector Using Intersubband Absorption in Resonant Tunneling GaAlAs Superlattices (1987)

The fabrication of 10 μ m infrared detectors from III-V materials would allow advantageous use of their highly developed growth and processing technologies, as compared with II-VI compounds. 1-2 Furthermore, device parameters (e.g. bandgap, operating temperature, bandwidth and speed) can be tailored in ways that are difficult to do with either II-VI’s or extrinsic Si detectors. We report here the first demonstration of a novel high speed infrared detector based on intersubband absorption and sequential resonant tunneling in doped GaAs/Al x Ga 1- x As quantum well superlattices. We achieved a responsivity of 0.52 A/W at λ = 10.8 μ m, an advantageous narrow bandwidth response Δλ/λ ≃ 10%, and estimate the speed to be ≈ 45 psec. From our experiments we have determined that the mean free path of the photogenerated hot electrons through the superlattice is 2500 Å.
A tunable filtenna for cognitive radio applications (2015)

In this paper, a varactor-tuned filter-antenna (filtenna), for cognitive radio applications is proposed. The presented technique is based on electronically tuning the resonant frequency of a compact tunable band-pass filter, which is integrated into a wideband antenna. The change in the loading capacitance of the installed varactor results in frequency tuning of the whole filtenna system, while preserving its radiation characteristics.
Lock cohorting: A general technique for designing NUMA locks (2012)

Multicore machines are quickly shifting to NUMA and CC-NUMA architectures, making scalable NUMA-aware locking algorithms, ones that take into account the machines ’ non-uniform memory and caching hierarchy, ever more important. This paper presents lock cohorting, a general new technique for designing NUMA-aware locks that is as simple as it is powerful. Lock cohorting allows one to transform any spin-lock algorithm, with minimal non-intrusive changes, into scalable NUMAaware spin-locks. Our new cohorting technique allows us to easily create NUMA-aware versions of the TATAS-Backoff, CLH, MCS, and ticket locks, to name a few. Moreover, it allows us to derive a CLH-based cohort abortable lock, the first NUMA-aware queue lock to support abortability. We empirically compared the performance of cohort locks with prior NUMA-aware and classic NUMA-oblivious locks on a synthetic micro-benchmark, a real world key-value store application memcached, as well as the libc memory allocator. Our results demonstrate that cohort locks perform as well or better than known locks when the load is low and significantly out-perform them as the load increases.
Throughput performance improvement in cognitive radio networks based on spectrum prediction (2016)

Spectrum sensing is used to detect spectrum holes and find active primary users while randomly selecting channel for sensing leads to secondary user's low throughput in cognitive radio networks. Spectrum prediction forecasts future channel status on the basis of historical information, and BP neural network is used as an example of the prediction method. Second users' frame structure is redesigned in this paper based on spectrum prediction, aiming to select the most likely idle channel for sensing. Theoretical and simulation results show that secondary users' throughputs are significantly improved by spectrum prediction. Correlations both in the frequency domain and time domain are compared, and the impacts of the prediction method, traffic intensity, and channel number on the throughput are also investigated in this study.
The higher mode lasing scheme of 1.56&#x03BC;m Si-InGaAsP hybrid laser diode (2008)

A hybrid laser diode consisted of Si slab waveguide and III-V ridge waveguide has been investigated. This structure is efficient for enhancing the confinement factors in the silicon region and the III-V active region simultaneously.
The electrically small limit of fractal element antennas (2002)

Small antennas pose severe practical restrictions in tradeoffs of directivity, bandwidth, and radiative efficiency. Chu (1948) presented an analytical basis for these restrictions. We demonstrate that the applicability of Chu's analysis appears to be overgeneralized when complex (fractal) antennas are considered. We derive a spherical harmonic expansion of the current distribution of a simple fractal loop, and show that this falls outside of the expansion's truncation assumption of Chu. This affirms that Chu's analysis is valid only for a very specific example of a conventional monopole or dipole which is electrically small. Presently-used electrically small guidelines are thus poor at predicting the performance of complex antenna shapes, such as fractal elements in the 'just electrically small' limit.
Im2Fit: Fast 3D Model Fitting and Anthropometrics using Single Consumer Depth Camera and Synthetic Data (2014)

Recent advances in consumer depth sensors have created many opportunities for human body measurement and modeling. Estimation of 3D body shape is particularly useful for fashion e-commerce applications such as virtual try-on or fit personalization. In this paper, we propose a method for capturing accurate human body shape and anthropometrics from a single consumer grade depth sensor. We first generate a large dataset of synthetic 3D human body models using real-world body size distributions. Next, we estimate key body measurements from a single monocular depth image. We combine body measurement estimates with local geometry features around key joint positions to form a robust multi-dimensional feature vector. This allows us to conduct a fast nearest-neighbor search to every sample in the dataset and return the closest one. Compared to existing methods, our approach is able to predict accurate full body parameters from a partial view using measurement parameters learned from the synthetic dataset. Furthermore, our system is capable of generating 3D human mesh models in real-time, which is significantly faster than methods which attempt to model shape and pose deformations. To validate the efficiency and applicability of our system, we collected a dataset that contains frontal and back scans of 83 clothed people with ground truth height and weight. Experiments on real-world dataset show that the proposed method can achieve real-time performance with competing results achieving an average error of 1.9 cm in estimated measurements.
New Generation Squeezable Sulfide Inhibitor Successfully Averts Challenging Sulfide Scale Deposition in Permian Basin (2018)

Abstract Sulfide scales (zinc, lead and iron sulfide) are currently causing considerable production challenges as mature fields are kept operational, and as deeper-hotter reservoirs are been developed. An effective way to combat conventional scaling is to inject "squeeze" scale inhibitors into the formation which are then slowly released as production resumes, providing scale protection. This option has not been the case for sulfide scales due to formation kinetics and lack of suitable products. In this study we present two field cases where new generation squeezable sulfide inhibitors were deployed with clear success in inhibiting sulfide deposition and establishing stable production. Also presented are the development methods and chemical synthesis details for the development of a squeezable product. A novel fast screening technique is detailed as well as a new type of residual monitoring method for the polymeric species that inhibit the sulfide scales. In the Permian Basin, newly completed long horizontal wells in the Sprayberry Formation were on a constant rotation of work overs (every 3 to 5 days) due to severe zinc and iron sulfide deposition. Early squeezes performed with known phosphonate/ester scale inhibitors, and end-capped polymer were unsuccessful. A new generation of squeezable sulfide inhibitor was deployed and stabilized production as well as the scaling ion data. A unique and fast residual analysis methodology (using a specialized HPLC column) was developed as part of the squeezable sulfide inhibitor development project capable of providing a unique selectivity in a high TDS brine without interferences increasing residual monitoring and squeeze confidence. In the Williston basin many fields are known for their troubled history with iron sulfide. To date, the preferred option has been continuous well cleanout that impacts production, next generation squeezable sulfide inhibitor was deployed and it successfully increased productivity and eliminated well clean outs for the trialed wells. This technology summarized in the paper offers a substantial step change in the ability to protect against sulfide scale via squeeze application. These field treatments show that next generation squeezable inhibitors were successful in inhibiting sulfide scales with no observed formation damage, upset to process facilities during flow back, or decline in productivity.
Synthesis of a Molybdate-Chelated Biodegradable Gel Electrolyte for High Energy Density Supercapacitors (2022)

The recent advancement in the field of energy storage devices requires the use of environmentally friendly and abundantly available materials to ensure the commercialization of a safe and economical device without compromising on the efficiency. For this reason, we report the fabrication of an activated carbon-based supercapacitor using an alginate-chelated biodegradable gel electrolyte. The supercapacitor device energized by a potassium alginate (K-Alg) gel electrolyte performed very well in a 1 V potential window and demonstrated a specific capacitance of 65.7 F g–1 along with a specific energy value of 9.1 W h kg–1. The performance of the device was further enhanced by optimizing the concentration of KOH in the polymer matrix. The specific concentration of KOH (i.e., 5% w/v KOH to K-Alg or simply KOH5) demonstrated a specific capacitance value of 105.2 F g–1, which is 60% enhancement to that of the K-Alg device capacitance. Further, the KOH5 gel electrolyte was doped with ammonium molybdate as a redox-active specie in different percentages and denoted as MoX, where (X = 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10% w/v). The results revealed that the addition of MoX to the KOH5 electrolyte significantly enhanced the electrochemical properties of the carbon supercapacitors demonstrating successful chelation between Mo ions and the alginate matrix. For the specific concentration of Mo ions to the gel matrix (i.e., 3% Mo to KOH5 or simply Mo3), the supercapacitor device demonstrated a large specific capacitance value of 229.5 F g–1, which is ∼250% enhancement to K-Alg and ∼118% enhancement to the KOH5 device capacitance value, respectively. In addition, the supercapacitor device composed of an Mo3 electrolyte achieved an ultra-high specific energy of 95.1 W h kg–1 along with the maximum specific power of 15.0 kW kg–1. The device also demonstrated prolonged cycling stability by retaining 86% of its initial capacitance value even after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles.
Deletion Mutants of the Gene Encoding<i>δ</i>-Endotoxin Specific to Scarabaeid Beetles: Minimum Region of the Gene Required to Express the Activity (1995)

Various deletion genes for the delta-endotoxin protein of Bacillus thuringiensis strain Buibui were made. The truncated proteins were produced in E. coli, and their larvicidal activity against the cupreous chafer was checked. The fifth block of the five blocks described as "conserved" was shown to be necessary for the activity.
The little engine(s) that could (2010)

The difficulty of scaling Online Social Networks (OSNs) has introduced new system design challenges that has often caused costly re-architecting for services like Twitter and Facebook. The complexity of interconnection of users in social networks has introduced new scalability challenges. Conventional vertical scaling by resorting to full replication can be a costly proposition. Horizontal scaling by partitioning and distributing data among multiples servers -e.g. using DHTs -can lead to costly inter-server communication.
Vertical transition quantum cascade laser with Bragg confined excited state (1995)

A new midinfrared (λ∼4.5 μm) intersubband quantum cascade laser based on a vertical transition is reported. A superlattice graded gap region was incorporated in the design to provide strong electron confinement in the upper state using a Bragg reflector. Pulsed operation at 100 K is reported with a threshold current density of Jth=3 kA/cm2 and a measured slope efficiency of 300 mW/A.
High contrast optical modulator based on electrically tunable polarization rotation and phase retardation in uniaxially strained (100) multiple quantum wells (1994)

We report a novel approach to the design of normal incidence multiple quantum well light modulators. The quantum confined Stark effect is utilized to tune the light polarization rotation and phase retardation created by a thermally induced in-plane anisotropic strain. An exceedingly high contrast ratio of 5000:1 is demonstrated for a normally-on device at room temperature.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Identification and specificity of a cDNA encoding the 70 kd mitochondrial antigen recognized in primary biliary cirrhosis. (1987)

Mitochondrial autoantibodies are characteristic of the disease primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), but the immunoreactive mitochondrial antigens have not been defined. We used a rat liver cDNA library in lambda gt 11-Amp3 to clone a 1370-base pair insert that coded for a polypeptide reactive with PBC sera. This insert was subcloned for expression into pBTA224, a plasmid vector in the same reading frame as lambda-Amp3. A positive clone, designated pRMIT, that expressed a fused polypeptide of 160 kd, was recognized by 25 of 25 sera from patients with PBC and none of 96 sera from normal persons or patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or chronic active hepatitis. This fused polypeptide was shown to correspond with the 70 kd mitochondrial autoantigen by several experiments. First, lysates of pRMIT in J101 absorbed out the 70 kd reactivity of PBC sera when probed against fractionated placental mitochondria. Second, affinity-purified antisera reactive with the fused polypeptide also reacted with the 70 kd mitochondrial antigen. Third, such affinity-purified antisera produced the characteristic anti-mitochondrial pattern of immunofluorescence on tissue sections. Finally, immunization of BALB/c mice with the fused polypeptide elicited antibodies to mitochondria. These murine antibodies reacted with the 70 kd mitochondrial protein and also produced typical mitochondrial immunofluorescence on tissue sections. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence of the recombinant protein, which encodes for approximately a 48 kd protein, showed no significant homologies with known proteins, and there were no homologies with mitochondrial genomic DNA. The availability of a recombinant form of the 70 kd mitochondrial autoantigen will allow several definitive questions to be addressed in PBC, including identification of B cell epitopes, T cell recognition, and a model of PBC in mice.
Balcones homopolar generator power supply (1989)

A review is presented of the Balcones homopolar generator power supply (BHPGPS) project, which is intended to provide insight into the pros and cons of the design decisions and operating philosophy planned for the system. Capabilities are discussed, and power supply parameters, including HPGs, inductors, switches and buswork are documented so that the community can evaluate the system as a power supply for various loads by calculating specific performance. The power supply includes the following components and subsystems: 10 MJ HPGs each rated at 100 V and 1.5 MA; 6.5 mu H, room-temperature, coaxial, energy storage inductors; explosively actuated opening switches; and multiple output buswork rated for 7.2 MA total current.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Optimal code design for lossless and near lossless source coding in multiple access networks (2002)

A multiple access source code (MASC) is a source code designed for the following network configuration: a pair of correlated information sequences {X/sub i/}/sub i=1//sup /spl infin// and {Y/sub i/}/sub i=1//sup /spl infin// is drawn i.i.d. according to the joint probability mass function (p.m.f.) p(x,y); the encoder for each source operates without knowledge of the other source; the decoder jointly decodes the encoded bit streams from both sources. The work of Slepian and Wolf (1973) describes all rates achievable by MASCs with arbitrarily small but non-zero error probabilities but does not address truly lossless coding or code design. We consider practical code design for lossless and near lossless MASCs. We generalize the Huffman and arithmetic code design algorithms to attain the corresponding optimal MASC codes for arbitrary p.m.f. p(x,y). Experimental results comparing the optimal achievable rate region to the Slepian-Wolf region are included.
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) PCR-positive Artemia cysts yield PCR-negative nauplii that fail to transmit WSSV when fed to shrimp postlarvae (2002)

Positive results were obtained with nested white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) diagnostic PCR performed on 5 commercial brands of dry-packed Artemia cysts using several WSSV genomic sequence-specific primers. In 2 brands, PCR and nucleotide sequence analysis found C-->T and C-->G point mutations in the pms 146 WSSV amplicon, but in all 5 brands, the nucleotide sequences that were successfully amplified by the rrl, rr2 and tk-tmk gene-specific primer sets were identical to those of Penaeus monodon WSSV. However, despite the inarguable presence of WSSV or WSSV-like template DNA, we were unable to detect WSSV by PCR in hatched nauplii derived from PCR-positive cysts or in P. monodon postlarvae fed Artemia nauplii hatched from such cysts. Most simply, these results suggested that the cysts were externally contaminated with WSSV or WSSV-like template material that was removed during hatching and washing of the nauplii. Given the small sequence variations found, it may also have been a variety of WSSV non-infectious for P. monodon or Artemia and derived from other crustaceans or arthropods in the Artemia environment. However, we could not establish this conclusively and a small possibility remained that the PCR template in these tests was derived from WSSV template present internally in the cysts and derived from infected Artemia adults. However small, this possibility must be vigorously tested, given the impact that a positive outcome could have on the shrimp industry.