gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
BA&#8211;POC-Based Ranging Method With Multipath Mitigation (2005)

Binary asymmetric–phase-only correlation (BA–POC) is investigated in this letter, and for the first time is applied into the area of ranging to help identify the line-of-sight (LOS) signal in multipath-abundant environments. Measurements made based on the 2.45-GHz wireless signal indicate that BA–POC has superior performance in mitigating multipath signals when compared with the conventional correlation method, and thus is able to increase the ranging accuracy.
Using Colour for Image Indexing (1998)

Image colour is often thought to be an intrinsic correlate of surface reflectance and so is a common feature for image indexing. In this paper we point out that image colour is actually a function of surface reflectance and imaging geometry and the colour of the viewing illuminant. Fortunately methods exist for normalizing away these dependencies. Pixel based and colour channel-based normalizations remove dependency on geometry and light colour respectively. Unfortunately, neither method removes both dependencies simultaneously and so a single normalization must be chosen. Common practice dictates that pixel-based normalization is the most useful. In this paper we set out to evaluate the merits or demerits of this common practice. In particular, we asked ‘which works better, pixel based or channel based normalizations?’. To answer this question we carried our many image indexing experiments on a variety of image databases. In all cases, and contrary to common practice, our results indicate that channel normalization facilitates the best indexing performance. We predict that channel based normalization may improve indexing performance for many image indexing applications.
A Convenient Preparation of an Orthogonally Protected<scp>C</scp><sup>α</sup>,<scp>C</scp><sup>α</sup>‐Disubstituted Amino Acid Analog of Lysine: 1‐<scp>tert</scp>‐butyloxycarbonyl‐4‐((9‐fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl)amino)‐piperidine‐4‐carboxylic Acid (2004)

Abstract DMAP(4‐Dimethylamino)pyridine 1‐ tert ‐Butoxycarbonylpiperidine‐4‐spiro‐5′‐(1′,3′‐bis(tert‐butoxycarbonyl)hydantoin 4‐Amino1‐ tert‐ butoxycarbonylpiperidine‐4‐carboxylic acid 1 ‐tert ‐Butyloxycarbonyl‐4‐(9‐fluorenylmethyloxyamino)piperidine‐4‐carboxylic acid 9‐Fluorenylmethyl chlorformate 4‐Piperidone monohydrate hydrochloride Piperidine‐4‐spiro‐5′‐hydantoin
Evaluation of viral and prokaryotic community dynamics in Alvord Desert hot springs, Oregon, USA (2007)

Recent studies have revealed that prokaryotes and viruses are abundant in extreme environments. However, almost nothing is known about viral contributions to community dynamics and ecosystem function in such environments. In the present study, sediment/mat and water samples from 2 separate thermal areas (Mickey and Borax) within the Alvord Desert Basin, Oregon, USA, were analyzed for prokaryotic and viral abundance, viral decay and production. Springs sampled at Mickey ranged in temperature from 61 to 94C, and those at Borax from 61 to 96C; all springs were near-neutral in pH. The total number of virus-like particles (10 6 particles ml -1 , Yo-Pro-1) exceeded total prokaryotic cell counts (DAPI staining, 10 5 cells ml -1 ). Virus to bacterium ratios for these systems ranged from 4.81 to 18.87. Viral production and decay rates were determined for sediment/mat samples and water from each hot spring; viral turnover rates ranged from 0.27 to 1.00 h -1 . Lysis rates of approximately 9.50% of cells h -1 in Borax springs vs. 21.70% in Mickey springs were extrapolated from viral production rates. Decay rates determined from hot springs at Mickey ranged from 0.09 to 0.20 h -1 , corresponding to turnover times of 5 to 11 h, while decay rates at Borax corresponded to viral turnover times of 12 to 14 h. Exposure of water samples to mitomycin C yielded lysogeny rates of 18 to 21% for the total prokaryotic communities in any given sample. Together, these data show that viruses exert an important influence on microbial communities and play a significant role in extreme thermal environments.
Control de operaciones financieras: Experiencias de Iberoamérica y España (2008)

The growing burden of waste disposal coupled with natural resource scarcity has renewed interest in the remediation, valorization, and/or repurposing of waste. Traditional approaches such as composting, anaerobic digestion, use in fertilizers or animal feed, or incineration for energy production extract very little value out of these waste streams. In contrast, waste valorization into fuels and other biochemicals via microbial fermentation is an area of growing interest. In this review, we discuss microbial valorization of nonconventional, aqueous waste streams such as food processing effluents, wastewater streams, and other industrial wastes. We categorize these waste streams as carbohydrate-rich food wastes, lipid-rich wastes, and other industrial wastes. Recent advances in microbial valorization of these nonconventional waste streams are highlighted, along with a discussion of the specific challenges and opportunities associated with impurities, nitrogen content, toxicity, and low productivity.
Automated Vehicle Location for School Buses: Can the Benefits Influence Choice of Mode for School Trips? (2005)

Research was conducted between 2000 and 2003 into the household attributes and behaviors that influence school transportation mode choice. The research sought to identify problems and prioritize solutions for increasing the attractiveness of school bus service, including improvements available through automated vehicle location (AVL) technologies. School buses equipped with AVL technology could allow central tracking, as well as advance notification of arrival at a stop. The study findings indicate that the benefits of AVL technologies could prompt a 16% increase in parents' choice of the school bus instead of the automobile for travel to school by students in kindergarten through eighth grade.
Imaging PEG-Like Nanoprobes in Tumor, Transient Ischemia, and Inflammatory Disease Models (2015)

The iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO), approved for the treatment of iron overload, has been examined as a therapeutic in a variety of conditions which iron may exacerbate. To evaluate the potential of DFO-bearing PEG-like nanoprobes (DFO-PNs) as therapeutics, we determined their pharmacokinetics (PK) in normal mice, and imaged their accumulation in a tumor model and in models of transient brain ischemia and inflammation. DFO-PNs consist of a DFO, a Cy5.5, and PEG (5 kDa or 30 kDa) attached to Lys-Cys scaffold. Tumor uptake of a [(89)Zr]:DFO-PN(10) (30 kDa PEG, diameter 10 nm) was imaged by PET, surface fluorescence, and fluorescence microscopy. DFO-PN(10) was internalized by tumor cells (fluorescence microscopy) and by cultured cells (by FACS). [(89)Zr]:DFO-PN(4.3) (5 kDa PEG, diameter 4.3 nm) concentrated at incision generated inflammations but not at sites of transient brain ischemia. DFO-PNs are fluorescent, PK tunable forms of DFO that might be investigated as antitumor or anti-inflammatory agents.
The State of Educational Data Mining in 2009: A Review and Future Visions (2009)

We review the history and current trends in the field of Educational Data Mining (EDM). We consider the methodological profile of research in the early years of EDM, compared to in 2008 and 2009, and discuss trends and shifts in the research conducted by this community. In particular, we discuss the increased emphasis on prediction, the emergence of work using existing models to make scientific discoveries ("discovery with models"), and the reduction in the frequency of relationship mining within the EDM community. We discuss two ways that researchers have attempted to categorize the diversity of research in educational data mining research, and review the types of research problems that these methods have been used to address. The most cited papers in EDM between 1995 and 2005 are listed, and their influence on the EDM community (and beyond the EDM community) is discussed.
Regioselective synthesis of allyltrimethylsilanes from allylic halides and allylic sulfonates. Application to the synthesis of 2,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)alk-1-enes (1984)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTRegioselective synthesis of allyltrimethylsilanes from allylic halides and allylic sulfonates. Application to the synthesis of 2,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)alk-1-enesJanice Gorzynski Smith, Susan E. Drozda, Susan P. Petraglia, Nina R. Quinn, Elizabeth M. Rice, Barbara S. Taylor, and Malini ViswanathanCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1984, 49, 22, 4112–4120Publication Date (Print):November 1, 1984Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 November 1984https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00196a002https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00196a002research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views2217Altmetric-Citations54LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail Other access optionsGet e-AlertscloseSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts
Cyclone Optimization Based on a New Empirical Model for Pressure Drop (1991)

An empirical model for predicting pressure drop across a cyclone, developed by Dirgo (1988), is presented.The model was developed through a statistical analysis of pressure drop data for 98 cyclone designs.The model is shown to perform better than the pressure drop models of Shepherd and Lapple (1940), Alexander (1949), First (1949), Stairmand (1949), and Barth (1956).This model is used with the efficiency model of --l o ~i a and Leith (1990) to develop an optimization curve which predicts the minimum pressure drop and the dimension ratios of the optimized cyclone for a given aerodynamic cut diameter, dS0.The effect of variation in cyclone height, cyclone diameter, and flow on the optimization is determined.The optimization results are used to develop a design procedure for optimized cyclones.
Shaped Coarse Grained Refractories by Pressure Slip Casting (2010)

Abstract The possibility of pressure slip casting of carbon free refractory suspensions with optimized grain size distributions and particle diameters in the range of millimeters is investigated. The slip flow ability is examined by conducting experiments with a newly developed falling sphere viscometer. Segregation is determined by microscopy on polished samples and computer tomography. Fundamental characteristics of cake filtration are adopted to highlight the significant influences on the pressure slip casting process. Based on the laboratory experiments the results of scale up trails are presented which were conducted with a commercial pressure slip casting machine, remodeled for suspensions containing coarse grains.
Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of new esters of 2- and 4-alkylamino-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids endowed with positive inotropic properties. (1994)

In order to gain insight into structure-activity relationships concerning the positive inotropic effect of N-heterocycles, a series of 1,8-naphthyridines was synthesized by two different methods. First, 4-hydroxy substituted derivatives were accessible by cyclization of 2-vinylamino-1,8-naphthyridines using diphenyl-ether followed by chlorination and nucleophilic reactions with various amino compounds. Second, 2-amino-nicotinic acid was transformed to 2-alkylamino-1,8-naphthyridines involving a variation of the Friedländer synthesis as well as many subsequent steps. The effect of the compounds on myocardial contractility was assessed in guinea pig left atria paced at 3 Hz. In general, the concentrations for positive inotropism ranged in between 10(-6)-10(-4) mol/l. The compounds differed considerably with respect to the efficacy of the increase in contractile force. The pharmacological investigations appear to demonstrate the following requirements for the pharmacophoric structure. In connection with a lipophilic ester function in 3-position the target compounds have to contain an alkylamino side chain at C-4 bearing a pi-electron-rich center in a definite distance to the NH-function.
In vitro T lymphopoiesis: A model system for stem cell gene therapy for AIDS (1996)

Stable introduction of therapeutic genes into hematopoietic stem cells has the potential to reconstitute immunity in individuals with HIV infection. However, many important questions regarding the safety and efficacy of this approach remain unanswered and may be addressed in a non-human primate model. To facilitate evaluation of expression of foreign genes in T cells derived from transduced hematopoietic progenitor cells, we have established a culture system that supports the differentiation of rhesus macaque and human CD34+ bone marrow derived cells into mature T cells. Thymic stromal monolayers were prepared from the adherent cell fraction of collagenase digested fetal or neonatal thymus. After 10-14 days, purified rhesus CD34+ bone marrow-derived cells cultured on thymic stromal monolayers yielded CD3+CD4+CD8+, CD3+CD4+CD8-, and CD3+CD4-CD8+ cells. Following stimulation with mitogens, these T cells derived from CD34+ cells could be expanded over 1,000-fold and maintained in culture for up to 20 weeks. We next evaluated the ability of rhesus CD34+ cells transduced with a retroviral vector containing the marker gene neo to undergo in vitro T cell differentiation. CD34+ cells transduced in the presence of bone marrow stroma and then cultured on rhesus thymic stroma resulted in T cells containing the retroviral marker gene. These studies should facilitate both in vitro and in vivo studies of hematopoietic stem cell therapeutic strategies for AIDS.
Submicron pattern dimension determination using a total waveform comparison method (1988)

A pattern dimension determination method has been developed. The three parameters, linewidth, wall angle, and film thickness represent pattern dimension. The total waveform of a measured backscattered electron signal is compared with a standard signal data base. Two methods are adopted to reduce data base construction time. (1) The data base was constructed with Monte Carlo simulation by a supercomputer. (2) Data base size is reduced using a waveform approximation method. The two improvements result in fast data base construction (26 min) for a specified material sample. This data base construction method is more practical than preparing signal data base from real standard sample due to data base construction time. Obtained dimensional accuracies are found to be 0.02 μm, 5 deg, and 0.1 μm for linewidth, wall angle, and film thickness, respectively, with scanning electron micrograph comparisons. Deduction time for obtaining physical dimensions from a signal was 17 s.
The Relationship Between Work Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Lawyers in the Private Sector (2004)

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is a behavior that extends beyond the functions and behaviors formally required of workers in an organization. Such behavior is indispensable, because of its contribution to better organizational performance. 
The model presented in this study examines OCB of lawyers employed in the private sector in Israel, while relying on a continuous series of studies related to workers' commitment attitudes. The findings show that the commitment model contributes to explained variance in OCB. Specifically, affective organizational commitment and OCB are significantly related, as are career commitment and OCB. The empirical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
Kinetic resolution of (<i>R,S</i>)‐<i>sec</i>‐butylamine using omega‐transaminase from <i>Vibrio fluvialis JS17</i> under reduced pressure (2004)

The kinetic resolution of (R,S) sec-butylamine with the omega-transaminase (TA) from Vibrio fluvialis JS17 was performed under reduced pressure (e.g., 150 torr) to selectively remove an inhibitory product (2-butanone). The evaporation kinetics of 2-butanone at 150 torr in the buffer solution followed the first-order rate law, and the evaporation rate constant was 2.19 1/h, and independent of pH, while the evaporation kinetics of sec-butylamine is dependent on pH. A simple mathematical model of the evaporation of sec-butylamine allowing the estimation of its concentration in the reaction media was developed. The evaporation rate constant of its free amine form and the protonated amine form were 1.00 1/h, and nearly zero, respectively. Although the optimum pH of the omega-TA activity for sec-butylamine is 9.0, the optimal pH of the enzyme reaction under reduced pressure was pH 7.0, due to the higher evaporation rate of sec-butylamine at higher pH above 7.0. Using the recombinant Escherichia coli BL21 overexpressing omega-TA, 400 mM racemic sec-butylamine was resolved successfully to 98% ee of (R)-sec-butylamine with 53% conversion at 150 torr and pH 7.0.
A Time-to-First-Spike CMOS Image Sensor (2007)

A time-to-first-spike (TTFS) imager was designed such that each pixel outputs a single digital pulse whose timing encodes pixel illumination. For still image applications, this time representation provides a tremendous increase in dynamic range, similar to that of other existing time-based imagers. However, a major advantage of the TTFS imager is that this wide dynamic range can be achieved even for 30 frames/s video applications. A prototype 32times32 TTFS image sensor was fabricated in AMI 0.5 mum CMOS technology. The prototype chip demonstrates a 104 dB dynamic range (limited by the optical equipment), 42 V/electron conversion gain, 1.25 nA/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> dark current, and 3.1 mW power consumption at 30 frames/s.
Netherton syndrome with ichthyosis linearis circumflexa and trichorrhexis invaginatum (2015)

Netherton syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by congenital ichthyosis, trichorrhexis invaginata, and atopic diathesis. Ichthyosis presents at birth with erythroderma and subsequently evolves into ichthyosis linearis circumflexa; hair shaft abnormalities tend to present later. The disorder is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the SPINK5 (serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5) gene that encodes LEKTI (lympho-epithelial Kazal-type related inhibitor), which is a protease inhibitor that counteracts epidermal proteases involved in desquamation. Use of topical medications is limited by potential for systemic absorption and toxicity in the setting of a defective skin barrier. Therapeutic options include topical glucocorticoids and retinoids, oral retinoids, and narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy. Topical tacrolimus has been shown to be efficacious and may be used safely with careful laboratory monitoring.
Handbook of Near-Infrared Analysis (2001)

With contributions from over 40 experts in the field, this reference presents comprehensive, single-source coverage of the instrumentation, computerization, calibration, and methods development of NIR spectroscopy. It provides novel applications for accurate time- and cost-effective analyses of pharmaceuticals, polymers, textiles, agricultural products, dairy products, foods, and beverages. Emphasizing trends in sample preparation, the book covers historical development, calibration transfer, biomedical applications, plastics, and counterfeiting; on-line, in-line, and at-line analyses for process control, multilinear regression and principal component analysis, and more.
Cytochromes P450: A Structure-Based Summary of Biotransformations Using Representative Substrates (2008)

Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes that metabolize the majority of xenobiotics in humans. This review presents a structure-based outline of CYP-catalyzed biotransformations of selected substrates, representing diverse structural classes of chemicals, ranging from drugs to toxicants. Data are presented in a tabular format for easy reference, with visual representations of all substrates and sites-of-attack. The major metabolites, isozymes responsible, chemical classification, and other information related to the biotransformation are provided. Pharmacophores proposed for the major CYP isozymes are discussed. This visual combination of substrates and biotransformation sites can serve as a useful reference for researchers.
Identification of occlusal sealants using optical coherence tomography. (2003)

This preliminary study indicates OCT imaging may be an important new technology for discriminating occlusal sealants and composite restorations.
硏究論文(연구론문) : 인구통계적 특성에 따른 외모만족도(얼굴, 피부, 몸매)와 자아존중감, 행복감과의 관계 연구: 진주지역 고등학생을 중심으로 (2013)

The purpose of this research is to identify the differences in appearance satisfaction,self-esteem and the feeling of happiness according to the demographic variables of teenagers. The conclusion of this research indicate that appearance satisfaction has significant impacts on the self-esteem and the feelings of happiness for adolescence. Teenage students who attend vocational schools get more Allowances than students who attend general high schools, and those who have parents with lower education level also get more Allowances. But the higher the economic standard and grades the students have,the more self-esteem and the feelings of happiness they possess. Thus, the students who attend general high schools have higher self-esteems and feelings of happiness than those in vocational schools. Additionally, the students who have higher economic standards and parents with better`- education levels show more appearance satisfactions for their face, skin and body. Therefore, the level of appearance satisfaction according to the types of school, economic standards, amount of Allowances and parents` education level is an important variable, which can also affect the self-esteem and the feelings of happiness. Teenagers` appearance satisfaction have a significant impact for determining the level of self-esteem and the feeling of happiness.
Implementation of a Sensitive Troponin I Assay and Risk of Recurrent Myocardial Infarction and Death in Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome (2011)

In patients with suspected ACS, implementation of a sensitive troponin assay increased the diagnosis of MI and identified patients at high risk of recurrent MI and death. Lowering the diagnostic threshold of plasma troponin was associated with major reductions in morbidity and mortality.
Agent-Based Web Services Evolution for Pervasive Computing (2005)

Pervasive computing will be a fertile source of challenging research problems in computer systems for many years to come. The ability to obtain services and information from an environment anywhere at anytime is part of pervasive computing. The problem is that most of existing services and applications are designed for stationary PCs. How to evolve these so called legacy system towards those mobile users in a controlled manner is vital for that pervasive computing can become more widespread. In this paper, we report our efforts on the PerEvo project. After discussing the basic features and challenges of pervasive computing, we present an agent-based Web services evolution approach, which is well suited to building software solutions for pervasive computing, and illustrate our solutions through a booking scenario.