gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Special Issue on Cyber - Physical Systems [Scanning the Issue] (2011)

This Special Issue presents papers that cover key features of Cyber - Physical Systems (CPS), including new research and technology advances, open problems, and technical challenges with the papers organized into three categories: theoretical foundations, small-scale applications, and large-scale applications.
Boosting Kernel Models for Regression (2006)

This paper proposes a general boosting framework for combining multiple kernel models in the context of both classification and regression problems. Our main approach is built on the idea of gradient boosting together with a new regularization scheme and aims at reducing the cubic complexity of training kernel models. We focus mainly on using the proposed boosting framework to combine kernel ridge regression (KRR) models for regression tasks. Numerical experiments on four large-scale data sets have shown that boosting multiple small KRR models is superior to training a single large KRR model on both improving generalization performance and reducing computational requirements.
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) charging from powerlines (2017)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones have recently gained popularity in various non-military applications. Power systems monitoring, especially high voltage powerlines inspection is one of the sectors where drones can be utilized. However, battery capacity limitations of medium scale drones present a serious problem for realizing their practical use in power systems sector. We propose one of the possible solutions for charging UAVs from the powerlines via a wireless power transfer technique. The experimental results demonstrate the potential benefits of the proposed approach.
Unsuccessful retrieval attempts enhance subsequent learning. (2009)

Taking tests enhances learning. But what happens when one cannot answer a test question-does an unsuccessful retrieval attempt impede future learning or enhance it? The authors examined this question using materials that ensured that retrieval attempts would be unsuccessful. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants were asked fictional general-knowledge questions (e.g., "What peace treaty ended the Calumet War?"). In Experiments 3-6, participants were shown a cue word (e.g., whale) and were asked to guess a weak associate (e.g., mammal); the rare trials on which participants guessed the correct response were excluded from the analyses. In the test condition, participants attempted to answer the question before being shown the answer; in the read-only condition, the question and answer were presented together. Unsuccessful retrieval attempts enhanced learning with both types of materials. These results demonstrate that retrieval attempts enhance future learning; they also suggest that taking challenging tests-instead of avoiding errors-may be one key to effective learning.
When floating-point addition isn't commutative (1993)

In this note, the symbols "+", "x", and "=" have their mathematical meanings; the symbols "&oplus;", "&otimes;", and "&rarr;" denote floating-point addition, multiplication and assignment respectively. Informally, T &rarr; A &oplus; B implies T = round (A+B), T &rarr; A &otimes; B implies T = round (AB), and T &rarr; AB &oplus; C implies T = round (AxB + C).
Morphologic Differences of the Endocardial Electrogram in Beats of Sinus and Ventricular Origin* (1988)

The lack of accurate arrhythmia detection and identification is one of the major obstacles to improvement in the efficacy of antitachycardia devices. We evaluated a method for detection of beats of ventricular origin compared to sinus rhythm based on the morphology of the endocardial electrogram. In order to compare mechanically induced ventricular beats to normal sinus beats, endocardial electrograms from a standard pacing electrode were recorded from eight open-chested dogs. Time and frequency domain features analyzed included peak-to-peak amplitude (AMP), maximal slew rate (dV/dT), and frequency content (-3 dB downpoint). Quantitative morphologic comparison of the waveforms was performed using standard correlation and by the absolute area of difference between the waveform and a sinus beat template. The AMP and dV/dT for a group of ventricular beats did not differ significantly from beats of sinus origin. In the unipolar configuration -3 dB for ventricular beats was significantly different from sinus beats (p = .01), but overlap occurred in three of eight cases. Conversely, using either method of assessment of morphological differences, all ventricular beats could be identified without overlapping the values for normal beats. We concluded that morphologic analysis of the endocardial electrogram by such methods may be a highly accurate means of distinguishing between beats of sinus and ventricular origins. This technique may also be applicable to the problem of automatic rhythm identification by implanted devices.
Introducing the MUC16 Gene: Implications for Prevention and Early Detection in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (2005)

More than 24,000 women in the United States are diagnosed with ovarian cancer every year, and half of these women die from their disease. Stage 1 ovarian cancer is curable in 95% of cases; however, due to inadequate screening tools and lack of symptoms in early disease, ovarian cancer is generally at Stage 3 or 4 when finally diagnosed. CA125 is a tumor antigen used to monitor the progression and regression of epithelial ovarian cancer. When its levels are elevated postsurgery (hysterectomy/salpingo-oophorectomy with or without peritoneal washings and lymph node biopsy) and postchemotherapy, it is suggestive of recurrent disease. Due to its similarly elevated levels in some nonmalignant conditions, however, it is not specific enough to be used for population screening. The CA125 molecule is considered a very large glycoprotein because of its molecular weight, and it has three domains: the carboxy terminal domain, the extracellular domain, and the amino terminal domain. MUC16 is the gene that encodes the peptide moiety of the CA125 molecule. MUC16 domains provide novel opportunities to develop new assays and refine current tools to improve the sensitivity and specificity of CA125 for population-based screening guidelines.
Activities of Antibiotic Combinations against Resistant Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Model of Infected THP-1 Monocytes (2014)

Antibiotic combinations are often used for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections but their efficacy toward intracellular bacteria has not been investigated so far. We have studied combinations of representatives of the main antipseudomonal classes (ciprofloxacin, meropenem, tobramycin, and colistin) against intracellular P. aeruginosa in a model of THP-1 monocytes in comparison with bacteria growing in broth, using the reference strain PAO1 and two clinical isolates (resistant to ciprofloxacin and meropenem, respectively). Interaction between drugs was assessed by checkerboard titration (extracellular model only), by kill curves, and by using the fractional maximal effect (FME) method, which allows studying the effects of combinations when dose-effect relationships are not linear. For drugs used alone, simple sigmoidal functions could be fitted to all concentration-effect relationships (extracellular and intracellular bacteria), with static concentrations close to (ciprofloxacin, colistin, and meropenem) or slightly higher than (tobramycin) the MIC and with maximal efficacy reaching the limit of detection in broth but only a 1 to 1.5 (colistin, meropenem, and tobramycin) to 2 to 3 (ciprofloxacin) log10 CFU decrease intracellularly. Extracellularly, all combinations proved additive by checkerboard titration but synergistic using the FME method and more bactericidal in kill curve assays. Intracellularly, all combinations proved additive only based on both FME and kill curve assays. Thus, although combinations appeared to modestly improve antibiotic activity against intracellular P. aeruginosa, they do not allow eradication of these persistent forms of infections. Combinations including ciprofloxacin were the most active (even against the ciprofloxacin-resistant strain), which is probably related to the fact this drug was the most effective alone intracellularly.
Improved efficiency in determining the titer of the Autographa californica baculovirus nonoccluded virus. (1992)

An economical and time-efficient method for titering the Autographa californica multiple-embedded nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) by the endpoint method is described. The method uses an electronic pipetting device to perform dilutions in the same 60-well microplate as is used for the assay, thus eliminating the need for test tubes or vials for making dilutions. Additionally, since small volumes are used for the dilutions, a substantial savings in medium is achieved. The effect of using three different lepidopteran cell lines in this assay for AcMNPV is also described. This test revealed that one line (the Trichoplusia ni IPLB-TN-R2 line) is at least 1.5 logs more sensitive to AcMNPV when using occlusion body formation as the measure of infection. The titer was about 6- to 12-fold higher in the IPLB-TN-R2 cell line than the other two lines when plaque assay procedures were used. The titer of a recombinant baculovirus with a bacterial beta-galactosidase gene was also measured in the three cell lines using X-gal as an indicator and showed the IPLB-TN-R2 line to be fourfold more sensitive to this virus.
Chemoprevention of familial adenomatous polyposis by bromo‐noscapine (EM011) in the <i>Apc<sup>Min/+</sup></i> mouse model (2011)

Germline mutation of the tumor suppressor gene, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), is responsible for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) with nearly 100% risk for colon cancer at an early age. Although FAP is involved in only 1% of all colon cancer cases, over 80% of sporadic cancers harbor somatic mutations of APC. We show here that bromo-noscapine (EM011), a rationally designed synthetic derivative of a natural nontoxic tubulin-binding alkaloid-noscapine, that reduces the dynamics of microtubules, causes a reversible G(2) /M arrest in wild type murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), but an aberrant exit from a brief mitotic block, followed by apoptosis in MEFs after APC deletion with small interfering RNA. Furthermore, both β-catenin levels and activity fell to half the original levels with a concomitant reduction of cell proliferation-inducing cyclin D1, c-Myc, and induction of cytostatic protein p21 before caspase-3 activation. Additionally, we show a statistically significant reduction in the number of newly emerging intestinal polyps (to 35% compared with untreated mice) as well as the mean size of polyps (to 42% compared with untreated mice) in EM011-treated Apc(Min/+) mice as compared to their sham-treated control littermates. The remaining polyps in the EM011 treated group of Apc(Min/+) mice showed evidence of elevated apoptosis as revealed by immunohistochemistry. We failed to detect any evidence of histopathological and hematological toxicities following EM011 treatment. Taken together, our data are persuasive that a clinical trial of EM011 is possible for the prevention/amelioration of polyposis in FAP patients.
Secretory Component Is Cleaved by Neutrophil Serine Proteinases but its Epithelial Production Is Increased by Neutrophils through NF-κB– and p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase–Dependent Mechanisms (2003)

We previously showed that expression of polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR)/secretory component (SC), the epithelial receptor assuming transport of polymeric IgA in mucosal secretions, is strongly decreased in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Here, we evaluated in vitro the effects of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) mediators on pIgR/SC. On polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, soluble SC was rapidly cleaved by supernatants from phorbol-myristate-acetate-activated PMN, through a serine proteinase activity. Moreover, purified PMN serine proteinases also cleaved SC. Similarly, polymeric IgA was rapidly cleaved in monomers by neutrophil elastase, whereas secretory immunoglobulin A was relatively resistant to neutrophil elastase. Surface pIgR on human bronchial epithelial cells was also cleaved by serine proteinases, as shown by immunofluorescence. In contrast, pIgR/SC production by cultured epithelial cells (quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) was significantly increased by supernatants from interleukin-8/formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine-activated PMN (122.6 +/- 17.3 versus 70.9 +/- 9 ng/mg protein, P < 0.01). Upregulation of pIgR/SC production by bronchial epithelial cells was abolished by nuclear factor kappa B- and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors. Moreover, supernatants from interleukin-8/formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine-activated PMN induced the phosphorylation of I kappa B-alpha and p38 MAPK in epithelial cells, independently of serine proteinases. Thus, PMN serine proteinases cleave pIgR/SC, whereas activated PMN induce an increased pIgR/SC expression through epithelial activation of nuclear factor kappa B and p38 MAPK pathways.
Crystal Structures, Phase-Transition, and Photoluminescence of Rare Earth Carbodiimides (2008)

Rare earth carbodiimides with the general formula RE 2(CN 2) 3 crystallize with two modifications. A monoclinic( C2/m) modification is obtained for RE = Y, Ce-Tm and a rhombohedral ( R3 c) modification for RE = Tm-Lu. The space group R3 c is confirmed by single-crystal structure determination on Lu 2(CN 2) 3 and indexed powder patterns of RE = Tm, Yb and Lu. The use of diverse chemical syntheses conditions for Tm 2(CN 2) 3 revealed the dimorphic character of this compound. In addition, pressure experiments on Tm 2(CN 2) 3 have induced a phase-transition from rhombohedral to monoclinic. This transformation comprises an increase of the coordination number of Tm from 6 to 7, and a unit-cell volume reduction in the order of 20 %. The photoluminescence behavior of lanthanide doped Gd 2(CN 2) 3:Ln samples is presented with different activators (Ln = Ce, Tb) revealing a broad band emission of Gd 2(CN 2) 3:Ce, quite similar to that of the well-known YAG:Ce.
Engineering Multifunctional DNA Hybrid Nanospheres through Coordination‐Driven Self‐Assembly (2018)

Developing simple and general approaches for the synthesis of nanometer-sized DNA materials with specific morphologies and functionalities is important for various applications. Herein, a novel approach for the synthesis of a new set of DNA-based nanoarchitectures through coordination-driven self-assembly of Fe<sup>II</sup> ions and DNA molecules is reported. By fine-tuning the assembly, Fe-DNA nanospheres of precise sizes and controlled compositions can be produced. The hybrid nanoparticles can be tailored for delivery of functional DNA to cells in vitro and in vivo with enhanced biological function. This highlights the potential of metal ion coordination as a tool for directing the assembly of DNA architectures, which conceptualizes a new pathway to expand the repertoire of DNA-based nanomaterials. This methodology will advance both the fields of DNA nanobiotechnology and metal-ligand coordination chemistry.
Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Test Day Records of Somatic Cell Score (1995)

The present study estimated variance components for test day records of somatic cell score and production traits. Data consisted of 235,100 test day observations recorded between 1986 and 1994 on lactations 1 to 3 of 15,922 Holstein cows from 143 herds. Records were considered as repeated observations within a lactation and as different traits across lactations. The multiple-trait animal model for analysis included random animal additive genetic and permanent environment effects by lactation. Fixed effects included herd test date and a set of four covariables for days in lactation, estimated by parity, age, and season, which accounted for the shape of the lactation curve. Gibbs sampling chains were carried out separately for somatic cell score and milk production and fat and protein yields. Heritabilities of somatic cell score for lactations 1 to 3 were .09, .09, and .11, respectively. Genetic correlations between lactations were high (.88, .79, and .95 between lactations 1 and 2, 1 and 3, and 2 and 3, respectively). Correlations between permanent environment effects were smaller (.29, .19, and .46 between lactations 1 and 2, 1 and 3, and 2 and 3, respectively). Heritabilities and correlations between permanent environment effects were higher for production traits than for somatic cell score. Genetic correlations between lactations for production traits were similar to those for somatic cell score. Variances between lactations differed significantly, indicating that observations from different lactations should no be considered as repeated observations of the same trait.
Mimicking phosphorylation of Ser‐74 on human deoxycytidine kinase selectively increases catalytic activity for dC and dC analogues (2008)

Intracellular phosphorylation of dCK on Ser-74 results in increased nucleoside kinase activity. We mimicked this phosphorylation by a Ser-74-Glu mutation in bacterially produced dCK and investigated kinetic parameters using various nucleoside substrates. The S74E mutation increases the k(cat) values 11-fold for dC, and 3-fold for the anti-cancer analogues dFdC and AraC. In contrast, the rate is decreased for the purine substrates. In HEK293 cells, we found that by comparing transiently transfected dCK(S74E)-GFP and wild-type dCK-GFP, mimicking the phosphorylation of Ser-74 has no effect on cellular localisation. We note that phosphorylation may represent a mechanism to enhance the catalytic activity of the relatively slow dCK enzyme.
Partial Purification of Nuclear Androgen Receptor by Micrococcal Nuclease Digestion of Chromatin and Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatograpphy (1981)

Extensive (20%) digestion of linker DNA of prostatic chromatin with micrococcal nuclease resulted in the precipitation of 95% of the nuclear androgen receptors. The receptor-enriched precipitate was dissolved in Tes buffer, pH 7.0, containing 0.6--1.2 M NaCl and analysed by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The adsorption of receptor to omega-amino-alkyl derivatives of agarose increased with the length of the alkyl substituent indicating the presence of hydrophobic regions on the surface of the receptor molecule. Digestion of linker DNA followed by chromatography of precipitated chromatin proteins using 5-aminohexyl-agarose gave rise to a mean 93-fold purificaton of receptor with a recovery of 45%. This approach to the partial separation of nuclear androgen receptor may prove useful in conjunction with more selective purification techniques such as affinity chromatography.
The enzymology of dicarboxylic acid formation by Corynebacterium sp. strain 7E1C grown on n-alkanes (1993)

Cultures of the Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium sp. strain 7E1C contained up to 300 mg dodecanedioic acid l−1 after growth on dodecane. Small amounts of tetradecanedioic acid (17 to 45 mg l−1) were produced during growth on tetradecane or methyl tetradecanoate. No dicarboxylic acids were detected after growth on hexadecane, hexadecanoic acid or 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid. Studies on the rates of degradation of exogenous dicarboxylic acids showed that this is not a significant factor influencing the accumulation of dodecanedioic and tetradecanedioic acids. The activities and substrate specificities of a number of enzyme activities involved in dicarboxylic acid metabolism were investigated. The specificities of the long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase and thioesterase, alcohol dehydrogenases and β-oxidation are consistent with the accumulation of dodecanedioic acid from dodecane and the lack of production of hexadecanedioic acid from hexadecane. The ω-hydroxy fatty acid may occupy a pivotal position in determining whether significant production of dicarboxylic acid occurs with this organism.
Double-Recessed High-Frequency AlInGaN/InGaN/GaN Metal–Oxide Double Heterostructure Field-Effect Transistors (2008)

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We demonstrate a low-threshold AlInGaN/InGaN/ GaN metal–oxide semiconductor double heterostructure field-effect transistor (MOS-DHFET) for high-frequency operation. A combination of an InGaN channel (for carrier confinement), a DRE process, and a new digital–oxide-deposition technique helped us to achieve MOS-DHFET devices with extremely low subthreshold leakage currents. This reduction in output conductance (short channel effect) resulted in a high cutoff gain frequency <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$f_T$</tex></formula> of about 65 GHz and a current gain frequency <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$f_{{\rm max}}$</tex></formula> of 94 GHz. The devices exhibited high drain–currents of 1.3 A/mm and delivered RF powers of 3.1 W/mm at 26 GHz with a 35 V drain bias. </para>
Photodeposition as a facile route to tunable Pt photocatalysts for hydrogen production: on the role of methanol (2015)

Pt photodeposition over titania in the presence of high methanol concentrations promotes the genesis of highly dispersed, metallic nanoparticles, active for photocatalytic hydrogen production.
Affective gaming (2003)

In search of suitable methods for measuring the affective state of video-game players, this study investigates the hypothesis that the player's state of arousal will correspond with the pressure used to depress buttons on a gamepad. A video game was created that would detect the force of each button press during play. It was found that as the difficulty level of the game increased, players would hit the gamepad buttons significantly harder.
Toxicity of an Fc-engineered anti-CD40 antibody is abrogated by intratumoral injection and results in durable antitumor immunity (2018)

Immune stimulation has emerged as a promising approach to the treatment of neoplastic diseases. Currently approved therapeutics, such as anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD1, are primarily aimed at blocking inhibitory signaling by immune cells. An alternative and potentially synergistic approach would involve activation of immune pathways by agonism of stimulatory receptors, such as CD40. Agonistic antibodies, while promising in principle, have encountered significant barriers in clinical trials limited by the systemic toxicity of such approaches. Using a mouse model humanized for both Fc receptors and CD40, we previously demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity with an Fc-modified antibody. We now demonstrate that this model recapitulates the platelet and hepatic toxicities seen with anti-CD40 antibodies in patients, providing a predictive measure of the dose-limiting activity of this approach. We further show that such toxicity can be circumvented and durable systemic antitumor immunity achieved by intratumoral delivery of an Fc-engineered anti-CD40 agonistic antibody.