gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
3.1 POWER9™: A processor family optimized for cognitive computing with 25Gb/s accelerator links and 16Gb/s PCIe Gen4 (2017)

Cognitive computing and cloud infrastructure require flexible, connectable, and scalable processors with extreme IO bandwidth. With 4 distinct chip configurations, the POWER9 family of chips delivers multiple options for memory ports, core thread counts, and accelerator options to address this need. The 24-core scale-out processor is implemented in 14nm SOI FinFET technology [1] and contains 8.0B transistors. The 695mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> chip uses 17 levels of copper interconnect: 3-64nm, 2-80nm, 4-128nm, 2-256nm, 4-360nm pitch wiring for signals and 2- 2400nm pitch wiring levels for power and global clock distribution. Digital logic uses three thin-oxide transistor V <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">t</sub> s to balance power and performance requirements, while analog and high-voltage circuits eliminated thick-oxide devices providing process simplification and cost reduction. By leveraging the FinFET's increased current per area, the base standard cell image shrunk from 18 tracks per bit in planar 22nm to 10 tracks per bit in 14nm providing additional area scaling.
아두이노(arduino)를 이용한 Interactive Tapestry 개발 및 연구 (2011)

한국의 타피스트리는 장식과 기능성 추구라는 과거의 공예적인 전통에서 벗어나 순수한 미적 조형성을 추구하고 환경과 연계성을 가진 예술로서 작가의 창작 요구를 표현하는 새로운 섬유예술로 발전하고 있다. 즉, 단순히 과거의 기법이 재현된 것이 아니라 실험적이고 독창적인 창조의지로 새롭게 발전 및 변화되고 있다. 현재 디지털 미디어 아트는 테크놀로지 시대에 맞추어 새롭고 다양한 표현방법으로 사용되고 있고, 예술가가 미디어와 테크놀로지를 이용하여 예술 작품의 범위는 점차 확대되고 있다. 많은 작가들은 테크놀로지 기술을 바탕으로 작가와 관람객 그리고 작품이 상호소통 하는 새로운 예술 작품을 제작하여 이전에는 없었던 경험을 가능하게 하였다. 한국의 타피스트리가 다양한 재료와 기법의 사용으로 예술성을 추구하는 현대예술의 한 영역으로 발전하고 있음에도 불구하고, 이러한 테크놀로지 기술을 접목시킨 상호소통 하는 작품 제작은 미비한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 디지털 테크놀로지와 타피스트리를 결합시킨 작품 제작으로 타피스트리에 시간적 차이와 관객의 동작에 따라 변화하는 패턴을 표현하고자 한다. 움직이는 패턴은 아두이노를 이용하여 제작하고 그 제작회로 및 프로그램을 제시함으로써 타피스트리 작가가 작품 제작에 실제적으로 응용할 수 있는 기술을 제공하고 더불어 하나의 독창적인 섬유예술 분야로 발전시키는 가능성을 제시하고자 한다.
The Future Of Online Internet Marketing: A Solution To Behavioral Marketing Using Biometrics (2011)

<p class="MsoBodyText" style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-style: normal; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Internet marketing is still an experimental area that continues to grow, evolve and adapt.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>With the virtual limitlessness space of the WWW, the strategic placement of internet advertisements is much more complex and goes beyond the traditional marketing approach of researching demographics.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Several attempts have been made through the fields of technology and marketing to overcome the anonymousness of the computer user&rsquo;s interests and preferences to move toward a direct behavioral approach to online marketing; more specifically, identifying the users on the internet, collecting profiles of their interests and delivering advertisements that appeal to their specific preferences.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>This paper reviews the current approaches to Internet behavioral marketing and its shortcomings as well as biometrics and its potential for more effective Internet marketing.</span></span></span></p>
Automated driving and autonomous functions on road vehicles (2015)

In recent years, road vehicle automation has become an important and popular topic for research\nand development in both academic and industrial spheres. New developments received\nextensive coverage in the popular press, and it may be said that the topic has captured the\npublic imagination. Indeed, the topic has generated interest across a wide range of academic,\nindustry and governmental communities, well beyond vehicle engineering; these include computer\nscience, transportation, urban planning, legal, social science and psychology. While this\nfollows a similar surge of interest – and subsequent hiatus – of Automated Highway Systems\nin the 1990’s, the current level of interest is substantially greater, and current expectations\nare high. It is common to frame the new technologies under the banner of “self-driving cars”\n– robotic systems potentially taking over the entire role of the human driver, a capability that\ndoes not fully exist at present. However, this single vision leads one to ignore the existing\nrange of automated systems that are both feasible and useful. Recent developments are underpinned\nby substantial and long-term trends in “computerisation” of the automobile, with\ndevelopments in sensors, actuators and control technologies to spur the new developments in\nboth industry and academia. In this paper we review the evolution of the intelligent vehicle\nand the supporting technologies with a focus on the progress and key challenges for vehicle\nsystem dynamics. A number of relevant themes around driving automation are explored in\nthis article, with special focus on those most relevant to the underlying vehicle system dynamics.\nOne conclusion is that increased precision is needed in sensing and controlling vehicle\nmotions, a trend that can mimic that of the aerospace industry, and similarly benefit from\nincreased use of redundant by-wire actuators.
B-Doped Pd Catalyst: Boosting Room-Temperature Hydrogen Production from Formic Acid–Formate Solutions (2014)

Facile production of hydrogen at room temperature is an important process in many areas including alternative energy. In this Communication, a potent boron-doped Pd nanocatalyst (Pd-B/C) is reported for the first time to boost hydrogen generation at room temperature from aqueous formic acid-formate solutions at a record high rate. Real-time ATR-IR spectroscopy is applied to shed light on the enhanced catalytic activity of B-doping and reveals that the superior activity of Pd-B/C correlates well with an apparently impeded COad accumulation on its surfaces. This work demonstrates that developing new anti-CO poisoning catalysts coupled with sensitive interfacial analysis is an effective way toward rational design of cost-effective catalysts for better hydrogen energy exploitation.
TTI wave‐equation migration (2007)

We describe a phase‐shift plus interpolation (PSPI) method for wave‐equation migration in TTI media. To apply the PSPI methodology for anisotropy, we generate reference operators based upon phase error criteria with respect to the symmetry axis direction, and exploit correlations between parameters. The method is demonstrated on an elastic synthetic dataset generated over a thrust‐belt setting, as found in the Canadian Foothills.
Comparison of PCR, Culture, and Direct Fluorescent-Antibody Testing for Detection of <i>Bordetella pertussis</i> (1999)

ABSTRACT We prospectively compared the performance of culture, direct fluorescent-antibody testing (DFA), and an in-house-developed PCR test targeting the repeated insertion sequence IS 481 for the detection of Bordetella pertussis in nasopharyngeal swab specimens. We tested 319 consecutive paired specimens on which all three tests were performed. A total of 59 specimens were positive by one or more tests. Of these, 5 were positive by all three tests, 2 were positive by culture and PCR, 16 were positive by PCR and DFA, 28 were positive by PCR only, and 8 were positive by DFA only. Any specimen positive by culture was considered to be a true positive, as were specimens positive by both PCR and DFA. Specimens positive only by PCR or DFA were considered discrepant, and their status was resolved by review of patient histories. Patients with symptoms meeting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention clinical case definition for pertussis and who had a specimen positive by PCR or DFA were considered to have true B. pertussis infections. Of the 28 patients positive by PCR only, 20 met the clinical case definition for pertussis, while 3 of the 8 patients positive by DFA only met the clinical case definition. After resolution of the status of discrepant specimens, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 15.2, 100, 100, and 87.5%, respectively, for culture; 93.5, 97.1, 84.3, and 98.9%, respectively, for PCR; and 52.2, 98.2, 82.8, and 92.4%, respectively, for DFA. The actual positive predictive value of PCR was probably greater, as several PCR-positive patients who did not meet the clinical case definition had symptoms consistent with typical or atypical pertussis. PCR is a sensitive and specific method for the detection of B. pertussis.
Simulation of carrier transport in quantum cascade lasers (2011)

We report a simulation study of carrier transport in quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) based on non-local transport model. In this model, drift-diffusion equations are solved with modification of current density by accounting for long-range carrier transport including quantum tunneling and hot carrier transport in the device. From the simulation results of an AlInGaAs/InP QCL at different temperatures, it is found that our model shows reasonable agreement with experiments at lower temperature when carriers are well confined while substantial deviation is observed at higher temperatures when the leakage of carriers into the continuum is significant.
Neural network for finding optimal path in packet-switched network (2005)

Neural networks are very good candidates for solving different ill-defined problems, due to their high computational speed and the possibility of working with uncertain data. Among others, they represent an efficient tool for solving constrained optimization problems. Under appropriate assumptions, routing in packet-switched networks may be considered as an optimization problem, more precisely, as a shortest-path problem, where the Hopfield type neural network exhibits very good performance. An efficient neural network shortest-path algorithm, inspired by the Hopfield network, is suggested. The routing algorithm suggested is designed to find the shortest path but also it takes into account packet-loss avoidance. The applicability of the proposed model is demonstrated through computer simulations for different full-connected networks with both symmetrical and non-symmetrical links.
From humble beginnings to success in the clinic: Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cells and implications for immunotherapy (2015)

In the past 50 years, disease burden has steadily shifted from infectious disease to cancer. Standard chemotherapy has long been the mainstay of cancer medical management, and despite vast efforts towards more targeted and personalized drug therapy, many cancers remain refractory to treatment, with high rates of relapse and poor prognosis. Recent dramatic immunotherapy clinical trials have demonstrated that engineering T-cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to target CD19 can lead to complete remission in relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies, generating a great deal of enthusiasm in the field. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the history of adoptive T-cell therapy, including CARs, in solid tumors as well as hematologic malignancies. CAR therapy has the potential to fundamentally transform cancer treatment with specific and even personalized targeting of tissue- and tumor-specific antigens. However, before CARs become standard first-line treatment modalities, critical issues regarding efficacy, combinatorial regimens, and mechanisms of treatment failure and toxicity will need to be addressed.
Preparative HPLC Method for the Purification of Sulforaphane and Sulforaphane Nitrile from <i>Brassica oleracea</i> (2001)

An extraction and preparative HPLC method has been devised to simultaneously purify sulforaphane and sulforaphane nitrile from the seed of Brassica oleracea var. italica cv. Brigadier. The seed was defatted with hexane, dried, and hydrolyzed in deionized water (1:9) for 8 h. The hydrolyzed seed meal was salted and extracted with methylene chloride. The dried residue was redissolved in a 5% acetonitrile solution and washed with excess hexane to remove nonpolar contaminants. The aqueous phase was filtered through a 0.22-microm cellulose filter and separated by HPLC using a Waters Prep Nova-Pak HR C-18 reverse-phase column. Refractive index was used to detect sulforaphane nitrile, and absorbance at 254 nm was used to detect sulforaphane. Peak identification was confirmed using gas chromatography and electron-impact mass spectrometry. Each kilogram of extracted seed yielded approximately 4.8 g of sulforaphane and 3.8 g of sulforaphane nitrile. Standard curves were developed using the purified compounds to allow quantification of sulforaphane and sulforaphane nitrile in broccoli tissue using a rapid GC method. The methodology was used to compare sulforaphane and sulforaphane nitrile content of autolyzed samples of several broccoli varieties.
A Reduction from Reinforcement Learning to No-Regret Online Learning (2019)

We present a reduction from reinforcement learning (RL) to no-regret online learning based on the saddle-point formulation of RL, by which "any" online algorithm with sublinear regret can generate policies with provable performance guarantees. This new perspective decouples the RL problem into two parts: regret minimization and function approximation. The first part admits a standard online-learning analysis, and the second part can be quantified independently of the learning algorithm. Therefore, the proposed reduction can be used as a tool to systematically design new RL algorithms. We demonstrate this idea by devising a simple RL algorithm based on mirror descent and the generative-model oracle. For any $γ$-discounted tabular RL problem, with probability at least $1-δ$, it learns an $ε$-optimal policy using at most $\tilde{O}\left(\frac{|\mathcal{S}||\mathcal{A}|\log(\frac{1}δ)}{(1-γ)^4ε^2}\right)$ samples. Furthermore, this algorithm admits a direct extension to linearly parameterized function approximators for large-scale applications, with computation and sample complexities independent of $|\mathcal{S}|$,$|\mathcal{A}|$, though at the cost of potential approximation bias.
Boc-Protected Amines via a Mild and Efficient One-Pot Curtius Rearrangement (2005)

[reaction: see text] The reaction of a carboxylic acid with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate and sodium azide allowed the formation of an acyl azide intermediate, which undergoes a Curtius rearrangement in the presence of tetrabutylammonium bromide and zinc(II) triflate. The trapping of the isocyanate derivative in the reaction mixture led to the desired tert-butyl carbamate in high yields at low temperature. These reaction conditions are compatible with a variety of substrates, including malonate derivatives, which provide access to protected amino acids.
A new approach to high-capacity annotation watermarking based on digital fountain codes (2012)

Annotation watermarking is a technique that allows to associate content descriptions with digital images in a persistent and format independent manner. It is commonly used in medical applications and, hence, existing schemes have been designed to meet rigorous watermark transparency requirements. As a result, the effective capacity of such schemes is severely limited. In this paper, we present a new approach to annotation watermarking. We adopt the fountain coding paradigm and design a convenient watermark communication architecture which resembles a traditional packet network. Our approach allows for straightforward incorporation of content adaptivity, robustness against cropping and support for multiple data streams. In our study, we focus on high-capacity annotations and we assume different requirements with respect to the fidelity of the watermarked images. Our scheme is robust against lossy JPEG compression and cropping. This paper describes the principles of the proposed approach and presents the results of it’s experimental evaluation.
Continuous distributed monitoring (2011)

In the model of continuous distributed monitoring, a number of observers each see a stream of observations. Their goal is to work together to compute a function of the union of their observations. This can be as simple as counting the total number of observations, or more complex non-linear functions such as tracking the entropy of the induced distribution. Assuming that it is too costly to simply centralize all the observations, it becomes quite challenging to design solutions which provide a good approximation to the current answer, while bounding the communication cost of the observers, and their other resources such as their space usage. This survey introduces this model, and describe a selection results in this setting, from the simple counting problem to a variety of other functions that have been studied.
2APB, 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl Borate, a Membrane-Penetrable Modulator of Ins(1,4,5)P3-Induced Ca2+ Release (1997)

The effects of a novel membrane-penetrable modulator, 2APB (2-aminoethoxy diphenyl borate), on Ins(1,4,5)P3-induced Ca2+ release were examined. 2APB inhibited Ins(1,4,5)P3-induced Ca2+ release from rat cerebellar microsomal preparations without affecting [3H]Ins(1,4,5)P3 binding to its receptor. The IC50 value (concentration producing 50% inhibition) of 2APB for inhibition of Ins(1,4,5)P3 (100 nM) induced Ca2+ release was 42 microM. Further increase in the concentration of 2APB (more than 90 microM) caused a gradual release of Ca2+ from cerebellar microsomal preparations. Addition of 2APB to the extracellular environment inhibited the cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]c) rise in intact cells such as human platelets and neutrophils stimulated by thromboxane-mimetic STA2 or thrombin, and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) or formyl-methionine-leucine-phenylalanine (FMLP), respectively. 2APB inhibited the contraction of thoracic aorta isolated from rabbits induced by angiotensin II (AII), STA2, and norepinephrine in a non-competitive manner, but showed no effect on the contraction of potassium-depolarized muscle. 2APB had no effect on the Ca2+ release from the ryanodine-sensitive Ca2+ store prepared from rat leg skeletal muscle and heart. Although the specificity of 2APB with respect to the intracellular signaling system was not fully established, 2APB is the first candidate for a membrane-penetrable modulator of Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor, and it should be a useful tool to investigate the physiological role of the Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor in various cells.
Incorporation of Impurity Metal Ions in Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide (1994)

The amounts of impurity metal ions incorporated into electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) during its preparation were measured as a function of metal ion concentrations and current densities. The amount of incorporated ions increased in proportion to the concentration in solution, and at a fixed concentration it was different from ion to ion: . The specific surface area of the formed EMD was larger for impurity ions with higher incorporation affinity. Further, the adsorption of ions on the surface of a ready‐made manganese dioxide sample (IC12) was examined, and modeling of the adsorption behavior was attempted. The amounts of adsorbed ions at a fixed concentration in solution and pH 0.7 (where EMD is produced) were obtained by the ion‐adsorption model. There was a strong correlation between the amount incorporated and the amount of adsorption, suggesting a mechanism in which EMD is contaminated through adsorption on its new growing surface. The increase in specific surface area of EMD with contaminants was interpreted to be due to a suppression of the growth of EMD at the adsorbed foreign ion sites, resulting in EMD with many defects or smaller particle sizes. The opposite effect of current density on incorporation for the two groups of metal ions was discussed.
Possible ecological risks of transgenic organism release when transgenes affect mating success: Sexual selection and the Trojan gene hypothesis (1999)

Widespread interest in producing transgenic organisms is balanced by concern over ecological hazards, such as species extinction if such organisms were to be released into nature. An ecological risk associated with the introduction of a transgenic organism is that the transgene, though rare, can spread in a natural population. An increase in transgene frequency is often assumed to be unlikely because transgenic organisms typically have some viability disadvantage. Reduced viability is assumed to be common because transgenic individuals are best viewed as macromutants that lack any history of selection that could reduce negative fitness effects. However, these arguments ignore the potential advantageous effects of transgenes on some aspect of fitness such as mating success. Here, we examine the risk to a natural population after release of a few transgenic individuals when the transgene trait simultaneously increases transgenic male mating success and lowers the viability of transgenic offspring. We obtained relevant life history data by using the small cyprinodont fish, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as a model. Our deterministic equations predict that a transgene introduced into a natural population by a small number of transgenic fish will spread as a result of enhanced mating advantage, but the reduced viability of offspring will cause eventual local extinction of both populations. Such risks should be evaluated with each new transgenic animal before release.
Nonintrusive Power Measurement Method With Phase Detection for Low-Cost Smart Meters (2017)

This paper describes a nonintrusive power measurement method that is suitable for a new type of low-cost and easy-to-install smart meters in measuring current and power from parallel electric cables based on noncontact magnetic flux and identifying the power consumption of each phase. By placing noncontact magnetic flux sensors close to the parallel electric cables that carry electric currents, a method for providing flux-to-current conversion and reducing mutual coupling effects among these cables is introduced. By using the mains voltage of the electronic control circuit as a reference, a new and simple method for accurately differentiating the phase currents and power in the cables is proposed. The proposed method has been verified with practical power measurements with reasonable accuracy for this specific application.