gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Neutron Emission from Palladium Point Electrode in Pressurized Deuterium Gas under DC Voltage Application (1998)

The nuclear reaction in palladium electrode under highly non-uniform electricfield has been studied using a neutron counting system. Excess neutroncounts were observed with deuterium loaded palladium point electrodes indeuterium gas atmosphere in 9 out of 24 runs after activation by flashoverbetween electrodes during DC high voltage application. Similar neutron bursttook place without the activation under a DC glow discharge condition in 2runs out of 37 runs. The tip surface of these two electrodes after the burstwas observed to be covered by a large amount of carbon using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Several craters of about 10μm in diameter wereformed on the tip surface of one of the two electrodes.
TrueMask® ILT MWCO: Full-chip curvilinear ILT in a day and full mask multi-beam and VSB writing in 12 hrs for 193i (2020)

Since its introduction more than a decade ago, inverse lithography technology (ILT) has been seen as a promising solution to many of the challenges of advanced-node lithography. Numerous studies have demonstrated that curvilinear ILT mask shapes produce the best process window. However, the runtimes associated with this computational technique have limited its practical application. In 2019, D2S introduced an entirely new, stitchless approach for ILT [20]. This system includes a unique GPU-accelerated approach that emulates a single, giant GPU/CPU pair that can compute an entire full-chip ILT solution at once. This novel approach, systematically designed for ILT and GPU acceleration, makes full-chip ILT a practical reality in production for the first time. The masks used to validate wafer results for this system were written by a multi-beam mask writer. The question remained of whether it was possible to use this new approach to ILT in a way that could be written by a variable-shaped beam (VSB) mask writer. This paper introduces a new method, in which a process called mask-wafer cooptimization (MWCO) is performed during ILT optimization. This new approach enables curvilinear ILT for 193i masks to be written on VSB mask writers within reasonable write times. It shortens the total turnaround time so that VSB mask writers can produce full-chip, curvilinear ILT masks within a practical, 12-hour time frame, while also producing the largest process windows. It should be noted that this enables curvilinear or any-angle targets for the wafer design to be processed by curvilinear ILT and then written by VSB mask writers for 193i processes. While MWCO as a concept can be used for multi-beam mask writers as well, this paper is focused on MWCO for VSB mask writers.
Effect of a Combined Treatment of High Hydrostatic Pressure and Carbonation on the Quality Characteristics of Valencia Orange Juice (1997)

A combined treatment of high hydrostatic pressure and carbonation was used to inactivate pectinesterase (PE) and sterilize microorganisms in Valencia orange juice without major changes in its nutritive components. Quality characteristics of Valencia orange juice, such as microorganisms, PE activity, vitamin C content and color, were evaluated after it was treated with pressure, carbonation-and-pressure, and heat. Quality changes during storage at and after the treatments were also investigated. Pressurized orange juice (pressurized at 600 MPa for 10 min at ) showed 7.0% residual PE activity, while the carbonated-and-pressurized orange juice (207 gas pressure, pressurized at 600 MPa for 10 min at ) showed 0%. Pressurization at 400 MPa or higher decreased the population of microorganisms in the orange juice to less than 10 CFU/mL. Carbonated-and-pressurized orange juice showed slight decrease in vitamin C content when stored at both . While heat-treated ( for 60 sec) orange juice showed 75% decrease in vitamin C content when stored at . L value (lightness) and b value (yellowness) of carbonated-and-pressurized orange juice were higher than those of heat-treated orange juice when they were stored at for 30 days.
[Treatment results of children with neuroblastoma: report of Polish Pediatric Solid Tumor Group]. (2010)

Approximately 60 children aged 0-18 years are diagnosed of NBL each year in Poland. About 60% of all patients suffering from NBL have a chance for durable cure. Unfortunately the prognosis for patients within the high-risk group accounting for more than 50% of all NBL patients remains poor despite the introduction of more intensive chemotherapy regimens with radical surgery procedures and megachemotherapy with subsequent stem cell transplantation. Only one third of patients in this group can be cured. To improve the treatment results of the high-risk patient group and to decrease the rate of therapy related side effects current European treatment protocols have been introduced systematically in Poland. In February 2009 information about 389 patients (age 0.1-16.5 years) diagnosed between 2001 and 2008 were obtained. Results of therapy of 319 patients who started treatment from 2001 to 2007 were analyzed. Between 104 infants and 215 children over 1 year of age, stage 4 of disease was found in 25% and 54.5%, respectively. In this period additionally to European treatment protocols, two another protocols were used. Satisfactory treatment results were obtained in 104 infants (5-year event free survival /EFS/=82.6%), irrespective of the type of treatment protocol. Over 5-year EFS for children over 1 year of age in 1, 2 and 3 stage of disease was: 100%, 86.3% and 64.5%, respectively. On the contrary, 107 patients with 4 stage of disease achieved the 5-year EFS of 27% only. Treatment results obtained in patients treated according to the European HR-NBL-1/ESIOP protocol were better than for patients treated according to other treatment protocols (5-year EFS: 31.1% and 16.4%, respectively), but difference between these groups was not significant. Between 2001 and 2007 data reporting increased to 81% from 19% noted earlier. Unfortunately, results of treatment for children over 1 year of age remain still unsatisfactory. That is why there is a need of improvement of modern, unified treatment realization as well as better data reporting. For realization of these aims adequate financial support is essential.
Metodología de la investigación temática (1975)

El origen histórico de la Investigación Temática está vinculado con el trabajo de la educación de adultos, del pedagogo brasileño Paulo Freire, en base a un método Psicosocial. Quienes están dedicados a la práctica de este método se han dado cuenta de su riqueza metodológica y han empezado a formular con mayor claridad sus supuestos teóricos y desglosar su desarrollo como metodología investigativa y como práctica social. Actualmente, se está utilizando la investigación temática en EE.UU., Colombia, Chile, Perú, Bolivia, Venezuela y otros países, la misma que nació en parte como fruto de una insatisfacción con las metodologías tradicionales de investigación social.
Compact circularly polarised microstrip antenna with slotted ground plane (2002)

A novel compact circularly polarised microstrip antenna with a slotted ground plane is proposed. By embedding a group of four bent slots in the ground plane and truncating a pair of patch corners in the radiating square patch, the proposed antenna can perform circular polarisation (CP) operation with a reduced antenna size at a fixed operating frequency. In addition, enhanced CP bandwidth and antenna gain for the proposed design are observed. Details of the antenna design and experimental results are presented and discussed.
Interferon beta induces clearance of mutant ataxin 7 and improves locomotion in SCA7 knock-in mice (2013)

We showed previously, in a cell model of spinocerebellar ataxia 7, that interferon beta induces the expression of PML protein and the formation of PML protein nuclear bodies that degrade mutant ataxin 7, suggesting that the cytokine, used to treat multiple sclerosis, might have therapeutic value in spinocerebellar ataxia 7. We now show that interferon beta also induces PML-dependent clearance of ataxin 7 in a preclinical model, SCA7(266Q/5Q) knock-in mice, and improves motor function. Interestingly, the presence of mutant ataxin 7 in the mice induces itself the expression of endogenous interferon beta and its receptor. Immunohistological studies in brains from two patients with spinocerebellar ataxia 7 confirmed that these modifications are also caused by the disease in humans. Interferon beta, administered intraperitoneally three times a week in the knock-in mice, was internalized with its receptor in Purkinje and other cells and translocated to the nucleus. The treatment induced PML protein expression and the formation of PML protein nuclear bodies and decreased mutant ataxin 7 in neuronal intranuclear inclusions, the hallmark of the disease. No reactive gliosis or other signs of toxicity were observed in the brain or internal organs. The performance of the SCA7(266Q/5Q) knock-in mice was significantly improved on two behavioural tests sensitive to cerebellar function: the Locotronic® Test of locomotor function and the Beam Walking Test of balance, motor coordination and fine movements, which are affected in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia 7. In addition to motor dysfunction, SCA7(266Q/5Q) mice present abnormalities in the retina as in patients: ataxin 7-positive neuronal intranuclear inclusions that were reduced by interferon beta treatment. Finally, since neuronal death does not occur in the cerebellum of SCA7(266Q/5Q) mice, we showed in primary cell cultures expressing mutant ataxin 7 that interferon beta treatment improves Purkinje cell survival.
The GSM protocol stack (1998)

The protocol stack for GSM follows the basic concepts of the ISO OSI 7 layer stack in so much as it is a layered architecture. The relationship between the three layers as defined in the OSI model and those in GSM are described along with a breakdown of the functions performed by each layer. GSM Layer 1 is normally understood to mean the control software which controls the radio and baseband hardware-the physical layer. Layer 1 multiplexes the physical access to the radio channel and provides a number of logical channels which can be used for signalling. Layer 2 is responsible for establishing a data link on these logical channels to allow reliable transmission of Layer 3 signalling messages. Layer 3 is subdivided into a number of separate tasks including the radio resources manager, the mobility manager, and the connection manager.
Cmos-Compatible Deposited Materials For Photonic Layers Integrated Above Electronic Integrated Circuit (2013)

Silicon photonics has generated an increasing interest in recent years mainly for optical communications optical interconnects in microelectronic circuits or bio-sensing applications. The development of elementary passive and active components (including detectors and modulators), which are mainly fabricated on the silicon on insulator platform for CMOS-compatible fabrication, has reached such a performance level that the integration challenge of silicon photonics with microelectronic circuits should be addressed. Since crystalline silicon can only be grown from another silicon crystal, making it impossible to deposit in this state, the optical devices are typically limited to a single layer. An alternative approach is to integrate a photonic layer above the CMOS chip using back-end CMOS fabrication process. In this paper, various materials, including silicon nitride, amorphous silicon, and polycrystalline silicon, for this purpose are addressed.
Improving Human-Machine Collaboration Through Transparency-based Feedback – Part II: Control Design and Synthesis (2019)

To attain improved human-machine collaboration, it is necessary for autonomous systems to infer human trust and workload and respond accordingly. In turn, autonomous systems require models that capture both human trust and workload dynamics. In a companion paper, we developed a trust-workload partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) model framework that captured changes in human trust and workload for contexts that involve interaction between a human and an intelligent decision-aid system. In this paper, we define intuitive reward functions and show that these can be readily transformed for integration with the proposed POMDP model. We synthesize a near-optimal control policy using transparency as the feedback variable based on solutions for two cases: 1) increasing human trust and reducing workload, and 2) improving overall performance along with the aforementioned objectives for trust and workload. We implement these solutions in a reconnaissance mission study in which human subjects are aided by a virtual robotic assistant in completing a series of missions. We show that it is not always beneficial to aim to improve trust; instead, the control objective should be to optimize a context-specific performance objective when designing intelligent decision-aid systems that influence trust-workload behavior.
Non-local impact of link failures in linear flow networks (2019)

Abstract The failure of a single link can degrade the operation of a supply network up to the point of complete collapse. Yet, the interplay between network topology and locality of the response to such damage is poorly understood. Here, we study how topology affects the redistribution of flow after the failure of a single link in linear flow networks with a special focus on power grids. In particular, we analyze the decay of flow changes with distance after a link failure and map it to the field of an electrical dipole for lattice-like networks. The corresponding inverse-square law is shown to hold for all regular tilings. For sparse networks, a long-range response is found instead. In the case of more realistic topologies, we introduce a rerouting distance, which captures the decay of flow changes better than the traditional geodesic distance. Finally, we are able to derive rigorous bounds on the strength of the decay for arbitrary topologies that we verify through extensive numerical simulations. Our results show that it is possible to forecast flow rerouting after link failures to a large extent based on purely topological measures and that these effects generally decay with distance from the failing link. They might be used to predict links prone to failure in supply networks such as power grids and thus help to construct grids providing a more robust and reliable power supply.
Predicting body measures from 2D images using Convolutional Neural Networks (2020)

Nutrition is a significant determinant of health, the resolution of many nutritional issues, initially requires an anthropometry examination. Body measures provide data for studying the relationship between diet, nutritional status, and health. Manual and automatic methods can perform body measurements. The manual method usually uses an anthropometric tape. However, the automatic process uses the equipment of Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Our work presents a new approach to calculate body measures using 2D Camera Images, applying Digital Image Processing, Convolution Neural Networks, and Machine Learning techniques. The dataset used contains 38 exams, for each exam, has four digital images and the dimensions of body measurements, performed by a specialist. The methods used in this work for segmentation were Dense Human Pose Estimation - CNN with the Bayesian, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine, Decision Threes, Adaptive Boosting, Random Forest, Multilayer Perceptron and Expectation-Maximization classifiers. The approach with Dense Human Pose Estimation and Expectation-Maximization reached the best results, with mean squared error (MSE) always bellow 4.606 ± 3.412 cm when compared with specialist measures.
Monocular Depth Estimation Using Synthetic Images With Shadow Removal (2019)

Learning based monocular depth estimation has become popular in recent years. However, training of reliable depth estimators requires large volumes of ground truth depth data, which is expensive to obtain. To overcome this challenge, we propose a novel monocular depth estimation system that adopts pixel-perfect synthetic image training. The model is trained with synthetic data but inferred with realistic images by applying image domain adaptation. Considering realistic constraints, such as shadow regions, which cause the performance drops in depth estimation, the system adopts a dedicated module to remove such ambient shadows from images to guarantee premier performance in the task. Experimental results, with both synthetic and realistic benchmarks, indicate the efficacy and the advantages of the system compared to existing state-of-the-art technologies.
Electrostatic micro power generation from low frequency vibration such as human motion (2008)

We developed an electrostatic micro power generator for low frequency energy harvesting applications. This micro power generator consists of a new vibration structure and new electret electrode. The advantage of this micro power generator is the high power generation structure of both the controlled gap between electrodes and long-range moving at low frequency. This generator shows 40μW of power output at very low frequency vibration (2Hz, 0.4G).
A Case for Test-Code Generation in Model-Driven Systems ; CU-CS-949-03 (2003)

A primary goal of generative programming and model-driven development is to raise the level of abstraction at which designers and developers interact with the software systems they are building.During initial development, the benefits of abstraction are clear.However, during testing and maintenance, increased distance from the implementation can be a disadvantage.We view test cases and test harnesses as an essential bridge between the high-level specifications and the implementation.As such, the generation of test cases for fully generated components and test harnesses for partially generated components is of fundamental importance to model-driven systems.In this paper we present our experience with test-case and test-harness generation in a model-driven, component-based distributed system.We describe our development tool, MODEST, and motivate our decision to invest the extra effort needed to generate test code.Additionally, we describe our approach to test-case and test-harness generation and provide a quantification of the relative effort of generating test artifacts versus application artifacts.
Molecular analysis of the soluble butane monooxygenase from ‘Pseudomonas butanovora’ a aThe GenBank accession number for the bmoXYBZDC sequence is AY093933. (2002)

'Pseudomonas butanovora' is capable of growth with butane via the oxidation of butane to 1-butanol, which is catalysed by a soluble butane monooxygenase (sBMO). In vitro oxidation of ethylene (an alternative substrate for sBMO) was reconstituted in the soluble portion of cell extracts and was NADH-dependent. Butane monooxygenase was separated into three components which were obligately required for substrate oxidation. The N-terminal sequences of the peptides associated with butane monooxygenase led to the cloning and sequencing of the 5797 nucleotide bmo gene cluster. Comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequences with other multicomponent monooxygenases suggest that sBMO is a multimeric hydroxylase with 61, 45 and 19 kDa subunits encoded by bmoXYZ, a 40 kDa oxidoreductase encoded by bmoC, and a 15 kDa regulatory protein encoded by bmoB. A sixth structural gene (bmoD) encodes a 9.6 kDa protein with similarity exclusively to mmoD (orfY), a putative metal centre assembly protein of the soluble methane monooxygenases. Insertional inactivation of bmoX resulted in a mutant 'P. butanovora' strain incapable of growth with butane. A putative promoter element characteristic of promoters associated with sigma(54)-dependent transcription initiation was located upstream of the bmo genes. Expression of all six genes was detected in butane-induced cells. Butane monooxygenase from 'P. butanovora' aligns most closely with non-haem carboxylate-bridged diiron monooxygenases and, moreover, contains the characteristic iron-binding motif. The structural and mechanistic implications of the high sequence identity (up to 64%) between the peptides of butane monooxygenase and methane monooxygenases are discussed.
Cytokine profile and pathology in human leishmaniasis (1998)

The clinical spectrum of leishmaniasis and control of the infection are influenced by the parasite-host relationship. The role of cellular immune responses of the Th1 type in the protection against disease in experimental and human leishmaniasis is well established. In humans, production of IFN-gamma is associated with the control of infection in children infected by Leishmania chagasi. In visceral leishmaniasis, an impairment in IFN-gamma production and high IL-4 and IL-10 levels (Th2 cytokines) are observed in antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Moreover, IL-12 restores IFN-gamma production and enhances the cytotoxic response. IL-10 is the cytokine involved in down-regulation of IFN-gamma production, since anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibody (mAb) restores in vitro IFN-gamma production and lymphoproliferative responses, and IL-10 abrogates the effect of IL-12. In cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis, high levels of IFN-gamma are found in L. amazonensis-stimulated PBMC. However, low or absent IFN-gamma levels were observed in antigen-stimulated PBMC from 50% of subjects with less than 60 days of disease (24 +/- 26 pg/ml). This response was restored by IL-12 (308 +/- 342 pg/ml) and anti-IL-10 mAb (380 +/- 245 pg/ml) (P < 0.05). Later during the disease, high levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha are produced both in cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis. After treatment there is a decrease in TNF-alpha levels (366 +/- 224 pg/ml before treatment vs 142 +/- 107 pg/ml after treatment, P = 0.02). Although production of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha might be involved in the control of parasite multiplication in the early phases of Leishmania infection, these cytokines might also be involved in the tissue damage seen in tegumentary leishmaniasis.
Evidence‐based Respiratory Medicine (2005)

Evidence-based respiratory medicine / , Evidence-based respiratory medicine / , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز
[Assessment of left ventricular function with 99mTc-MIBI gated myocardial SPECT using 3 head rotating gamma camera]. (1994)

Twenty-one patients with ischemic heart disease were studied by resting 99mTc-methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (MIBI) gated SPECT images using a 3 head rotating gamma camera (Picker/Shimadzu: PRISM 3000). The data were acquired over 360 degrees in 20 (x 3) steps, each of which was 70 beats. The systolic wall thickening index (%WT) was calculated as (ES count-ED count/ED count x 100), using the circumferential profile analysis of ED and ES short axial images. The %WT was correlated well with LVEF obtained from contrast ventriculography (r = 0.85, n = 17). By using high speed (3 head) rotating gamma camera, we have shortened the time of collecting MIBI gated SPECT data, and this method can provide useful information on ventricular function.