gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
CRISPRDetect: A flexible algorithm to define CRISPR arrays (2016)

CRISPRDetect enables more accurate detection of arrays and spacers and its gff output is suitable for inclusion in genome annotation pipelines and visualisation. It has been used to analyse all complete bacterial and archaeal reference genomes.
Objective risk stratification of prostate cancer using machine learning and radiomics applied to multiparametric magnetic resonance images (2019)

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has become increasingly important for the clinical assessment of prostate cancer (PCa), but its interpretation is generally variable due to its relatively subjective nature. Radiomics and classification methods have shown potential for improving the accuracy and objectivity of mpMRI-based PCa assessment. However, these studies are limited to a small number of classification methods, evaluation using the AUC score only, and a non-rigorous assessment of all possible combinations of radiomics and classification methods. This paper presents a systematic and rigorous framework comprised of classification, cross-validation and statistical analyses that was developed to identify the best performing classifier for PCa risk stratification based on mpMRI-derived radiomic features derived from a sizeable cohort. This classifier performed well in an independent validation set, including performing better than PI-RADS v2 in some aspects, indicating the value of objectively interpreting mpMRI images using radiomics and classification methods for PCa risk assessment.
Effects of a Number of Classes of 50S Inhibitors on Stop Codon Readthrough during Protein Synthesis (2004)

The effect of a number of antibiotics on stop codon readthrough during protein synthesis in Escherichia coli was examined. Inhibitors which bind close to the entrance of the peptide exit tunnel on the 50S ribosomal subunit promote substantial levels of readthrough, presumably by disrupting the mechanism of peptide release.
Free-Standing, Erect Ultrahigh-Aspect-Ratio Polymer Nanopillar and Nanotube Ensembles (2007)

Free-standing polymer (poly(methyl methacrylate) or cyclic olefin copolymer) nanopillar and nanotube ensembles with previously unreported, ultrahigh aspect ratios (300 to >1600) were fabricated via anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template-based methods that utilize a dilute, aqueous H3PO4 template etchant followed by freeze drying removal of the aqueous medium. Good replication of the AAO template by either solutions of the polymeric materials or molten polymer was achieved by using ultrasonic degassing and vacuum conditions. Classical surface wetting and viscoelastic fluid rheology theories were applied to explain the formation of polymer nanopillars and nanotubes in the aluminum oxide templates. The utilization of dilute H3PO4 for etching the AAO template and freeze-drying removal of the environmental liquid allows for the preparation of free-standing, erect, and ordered polymeric nanopillars or nanotubes that show much promise for use in biological microelectromechanical systems that target biological analyses.
Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting (2017)

Hydrogen is readily obtained from renewable and non-renewable resources via water splitting by using thermal, electrical, photonic and biochemical energy. The major hydrogen production is generated from thermal energy through steam reforming/gasification of fossil fuel. As the commonly used non-renewable resources will be depleted in the long run, there is great demand to utilize renewable energy resources for hydrogen production. Most of the renewable resources may be used to produce electricity for driving water splitting while challenges remain to improve cost-effectiveness. As the most abundant energy resource, the direct conversion of solar energy to hydrogen is considered the most sustainable energy production method without causing pollutions to the environment. In overall, this review briefly summarizes thermolytic, electrolytic, photolytic and biolytic water splitting. It highlights photonic and electrical driven water splitting together with photovoltaic-integrated solar-driven water electrolysis.
[Cultured epidermis in the treatment of leg ulcer: "edge effect" and correlation with keratinocyte proliferation index]. (1990)

Cultured keratinocyte grafting (KG) of chronic leg ulcers produces an impressive stimulation of host epithelization by an effect on the edge of the ulcer, which starts to grow in rapidly ("edge effect"). In 5 patients with chronic leg ulcers treated by KG, we have studied the proliferation index of the epidermis of the edge and of the graft area and that of secondary culture keratinocytes. The aim of the study was to correlate this parameter with the clinical evolution of the treated lesions. We found a significant correlation between the proliferation index of the edge epidermis and the clinical evidence of "edge effect".
Data‐Driven Object Manipulation in Images (2012)

Abstract We present a framework for interactively manipulating objects in a photograph using related objects obtained from internet images. Given an image, the user selects an object to modify, and provides keywords to describe it. Objects with a similar shape are retrieved and segmented from online images matching the keywords, and deformed to correspond with the selected object. By matching the candidate object and adjusting manipulation parameters, our method appropriately modifies candidate objects and composites them into the scene. Supported manipulations include transferring texture, color and shape from the matched object to the target in a seamless manner. We demonstrate the versatility of our framework using several inputs of varying complexity, for object completion, augmentation, replacement and revealing. Our results are evaluated using a user study.
A fully digital bridge towards the realization of the farad from the quantum Hall effect (2020)

Abstract This paper presents the implementation of an electronic fully-digital impedance bridge optimized for RC comparisons with equal impedance magnitudes, together with an evaluation of the uncertainty. This bridge has been designed with the goal of realizing the farad directly from the quantum Hall effect with a bridge uncertainty component at the 10 −7 level. Thanks to its simple design, ease of operation and affordability, this bridge is suitable to be industrially manufactured. Together with the increasing availability of graphene quantum Hall resistance standards, this can provide an affordable quantum realization of the unit farad for metrology institutes and calibration centres. In this paper we present the uncertainty budget of an example measurement and the results of the validation of the bridge against a suitably modified version of the traceability chain of the Italian national standard of capacitance. The combined uncertainty of the bridge resulted from repeated measurements (overall measurement time of about 200 min) is 9.2 × 10 −8 , suitable for the primary realization of the unit of capacitance from a quantized Hall resistance standard. The crosstalk among the channels of the electrical generator is the most significant uncertainty component, possibly reducible with internal shielding and filtering of the electronic generator.
Integration of nanosized ZIF-8 particles onto mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> nanobeads for enhanced photocatalytic activity (2017)

Hybrid TiO<sub>2</sub>/ZIF-8 nanobeads have been prepared by decorating the surface of mesoporous TiO<sub>2</sub> spheres with ZIF-8 nanoparticles and enhanced photocatalytic activity of Cr(<sc>vi</sc>) reduction than pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> beads due to their hybrid nanostructures.
Leveraging Topographic Maps for Image to Terrain Alignment (2012)

With the wide-spread availability of photographic and cartographic data, it becomes desirable to be able to geo-localize any picture in the world. Existing approaches have so far shown impressive results, but they are still lacking in either precision or applicability. In the present work, we explore as an additional cue, semantic image labeling coupled with topographic maps. As an intermediate step towards the ultimate goal of universal geo-localiztion, we show that these cues are suitable for estimating the viewing direction of a terrestrial image, given the image's location.
ChemInform Abstract: A Carbon‐Carbon Bond Formation by the Reaction of 4‐Chloro‐6‐methyl‐3‐ phenylethynyl‐2H‐pyran‐2‐one with Active Methylene Derivatives. (1996)

Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Nosocomial Infections in Pediatric Patients A European, Multicenter Prospective Study (2000)

We found large differences in NI frequency and microbial epidemiology in this European study. Viruses were the main pathogens in general pediatrics units. Catheter-related sepsis and CNS were frequent in newborns. A high frequency of multiresistant bacteria was observed in some units. Clinical monitoring of NIs and bacterial resistance profiles are required in all pediatric units.
Ancient heat shock gene is dispensable (1988)

Hsp83 is a major eucaryotic heat shock protein and one of the most conserved proteins known. We have isolated an Escherichia coli gene homologous to eucaryotic Hsp83 and used it to construct a deletion mutation. The E. coli mutant was viable but had a slight growth disadvantage that increased with temperature.
Secretion of bovine α‐lactalbumin into the milk of transgenic rats (1992)

Bovine alpha-lactalbumin (b alpha LA) gene prepared by polymerase chain reaction was introduced into rat genomes by microinjection. Out of 17 transgenic rat lines, 11 secreted b alpha LA into their milk at concentrations higher than 0.2 micrograms/ml. Of these, three lines secreted b alpha LA at concentrations higher than those in bovine milk. The highest concentration of b alpha LA secreted into rat milk was 2,400 micrograms/ml.
A Multifunctional Rotor Concept for Quiet and Efficient VTOL Aircraft (2013)

ight, becoming lifting surfaces. The design of these blades and their integration onto an airframe pose many challenges, including performing this blade repositioning with a mechanism that is adequately simple, reliable, lightweight, and aerodynamic; determining a blade geometry that strikes the right compromise between performance as a rotor blade and as a wingtip; and providing sucient pitch and yaw control in vertical and transitional ight without resorting to overly complex and heavy mechanisms, such as rotor cyclic. A spiral development model is employed in which a series of increasingly large and complex subscale prototypes are built and tested. Results from these tests demonstrate the strengths, weaknesses, and design tradeos of this conguration. Conceptual design is aided by an aerodynamic and structural mission analysis code. Detailed aerodynamic analysis of these designs is performed in CFD, which illuminates the unusual aerodynamics of this design in vertical and horizontal ight and the eects of these aerodynamics on overall performance. Compelling applications of this concept to the personal air vehicle and on-demand aviation markets are examined.
Measured performance of a high-power-density microfabricated transformer in a DC-DC converter (2002)

Experimental measurements are reported on microfabricated power conversion transformers. A device fabricated using a simplified 'sandwich' process confirms predicted performance in an 8 MHz DC-DC power converter, where it achieves a power-handling density of 22.4 W/cm/sup 2/ at 61% efficiency. Preliminary test results are reported for transformers based on a closed-core design, which is expected to achieve higher efficiency.
Computational fluid dynamic analysis of airflow in belt dryer: effects of conveyor position on airflow distribution (2017)

Belt dryers have been widely used in the drying process, a key process for quality control, of aquatic feed or pet food. An important criterion to measure the drying quality of a dryer is moisture uniformity, which directly affected by the distribution of airflow field. The airflow field is determined by several factors, including conveyor position and feed thickness. In this study, effects of conveyor positions on airflow distribution in three types of belt dryers are simulated and compared using computational fluid dynamic analysis. The simulation results show that the conveyor positions had significant effects on airflow rate in a two-layer belt dryer. Furthermore, the simulation provided three different airflow fields for three dryer models, and an optimal dryer model was selected for further analysis of air velocity on feed surface.
Regiospecific Cyclization of 3-Carbomethoxyindole-1-propanoic Acid onto 7-Position of the Indole Nucleus (1986)

Intramolecular cycilzation of 3-carbomethoxyindole-I-propanoic acid (8 occurred not onto 2-position but onto 7-posirmn ro afford pyrroio[3,2,1-iilquinoiine derivative E For the synthesis of mdole alkaloids containbng alkyl or acyl substituent(s1 on the benzene part of the indole nucieus, direct intruductlan of the substituentls) on the desired position(s) should be one of the most important steps, but only a few limited have so far been reported because I-. 2and 3-positions
Distance metric between 3D models and 2D images for recognition and classification (1996)

Similarity measurements between 3D objects and 2D images are useful for the tasks of object recognition and classification. The authors distinguish between two types of similarity metrics: metrics computed in image-space (image metrics) and metrics computed in transformation-space (transformation metrics). Existing methods typically use image metrics; namely, metrics that measure the difference in the image between the observed image and the nearest view of the object. Example for such a measure is the Euclidean distance between feature points in the image and their corresponding points in the nearest view. (This measure can be computed by solving the exterior orientation calibration problem.) In this paper the authors introduce a different type of metrics: transformation metrics. These metrics penalize for the deformations applied to the object to produce the observed image. In particular, the authors define a transformation metric that optimally penalizes for "affine deformations" under weak-perspective. A closed-form solution, together with the nearest view according to this metric, are derived. The metric is shown to be equivalent to the Euclidean image metric, in the sense that they bound each other from both above and below. It therefore provides an easy-to-use closed-form approximation for the commonly-used least-squares distance between models and images. The authors demonstrate an image understanding application, where the true dimensions of a photographed battery charger are estimated by minimizing the transformation metric.
Generative Adversarial Network for Abstractive Text Summarization (2018)

In this paper, we propose an adversarial process for abstractive text summarization, in which we simultaneously train a generative model G and a discriminative model D. In particular, we build the generator G as an agent of reinforcement learning, which takes the raw text as input and predicts the abstractive summarization. We also build a discriminator which attempts to distinguish the generated summary from the ground truth summary. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our model achieves competitive ROUGE scores with the state-of-the-art methods on CNN/Daily Mail dataset. Qualitatively, we show that our model is able to generate more abstractive, readable and diverse summaries.
Interleaving Controlled Three-Leg Electronic Ballast for Dual-HID-Lamps (2008)

This paper presents a novel electronic ballast for dual high-intensity-discharge (HID) lamps. The electronic ballast is composed of a boost preregulator to achieve high power factor and a three-leg inverter to drive two HID lamps. One leg of the inverter is operated at a low frequency with a 50% duty ratio to drive the HID lamps with low-frequency square-wave current in order to avoid acoustic resonance. The other two legs of the inverter are operated at a high frequency to modulate the lamp current with constant lamp power. Also, interleaving control is applied to the high-frequency legs to decrease the current stress on the low-frequency leg. To verify the feasibility of the proposed methodology, a laboratory prototype is implemented to drive two 35-W HID lamps. The overall efficiency of the proposed electronic ballast is about 90%.
Context and Considerations of a Mileage Fee for Michigan (2014)

This report explores and explains options related to a potential mileage fee for Michigan. Mileage fees, (also called vehicle miles traveled fees or road usage charges), are distance-based fees levied on motorists for use of a defined network of roadways (U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration, 2012). In other words, they are a simple market-based fee for service. Mileage fees can also include time, geography or congestion levels. Instead of continuing to raise fuel taxes to pay for transportation infrastructure, a mileage fee could more fairly allocate costs based on the number of miles driven, the time of day, the route taken, and the weight of the vehicle. This overview includes: potential economic, social and environmental benefits and challenges; practical options for data collection and fee collection; financing models and potential costs; and implementation and phasing options and strategies.
Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein-1 Enhances Mesenchymal Stem Cell Function in Angiogenesis and Contributes to Neovessel Maturation (2008)

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation offers a great angiogenic opportunity in vascular regenerative medicine. The canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway has been demonstrated to play an essential role in stem cell fate. Recently, genetic studies have implicated the Wnt/Frizzled (Fz) molecular pathway, namely Wnt7B and Fz4, in blood growth regulation. Here, we investigated whether MSC could be required in shaping a functional vasculature and whether secreted Frizzled-related protein-1 (sFRP1), a modulator of the Wnt/Fz pathway, could modify MSC capacities, endowing MSC to increase vessel maturation. In the engraftment model, we show that murine bone marrow-derived MSC induced a beneficial vascular effect through a direct cellular contribution to vascular cells. MSC quickly organized into primitive immature vessel tubes connected to host circulation; this organization preceded host endothelial cell (EC) and smooth muscle cell (SMC) recruitment to later form mature neovessel. MSC sustained neovessel organization and maturation. We report here that sFRP1 forced expression enhanced MSC surrounding neovessel, which was correlated with an increase in vessel maturation and functionality. In vitro, sFRP1 strongly increased platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) expression in MSC and enhanced beta-catenin-dependent cell-cell contacts between MSC themselves and EC or SMC. In vivo, sFRP1 increased their functional integration around neovessels and vessel maturation through a glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3beta)-dependent pathway. sFRP1-overexpressing MSC compared with control MSC were well elongated and in a closer contact with the vascular wall, conditions required to achieve an organized mature vessel wall. We propose that genetically modifying MSC to overexpress sFRP1 may be potentially effective in promoting therapeutic angiogenesis/arteriogenesis processes. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
DNA vaccination targeting mesothelin combined with anti-GITR antibody induces rejection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (2006)

1395 Introduction: Mesothelin is a membrane bound glycoprotein that is over-expressed in 100% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Regulatory T-cells inhibit the immune response to cancer and vaccines. Here, we target mesothelin using a xenogeneic DNA vaccine in combination with anti-GITR antibody in an attempt to overcome T-reg suppression and reject pancreatic cancer. Materials and Methods: Mice were vaccinated with a gene gun and 4μg of full length human mesothelin cDNA once a week, for three weeks. Experimental groups consisted of 10-15 mice per group. Anti-GITR antibody (TolerRx/ Clone 2F8) (1mg/mouse) injections were given IP one day prior to the 2nd and 3rd vaccinations. Intradermal injections of 50,000 cells/mouse of a syngeneic murine mesothelin expressing pancreatic cell line were given 4 days after the final vaccination. Tumor free survival was measured and plotted using a Kaplan-Meier curve, and experimental groups were compared using a log-rank test. Results were considered significant when there was a p value of less than 0.05. Results: Fifty percent of mice vaccinated with mesothelin alone versus 0% of non-treated mice were tumor free 25 days after tumor injections (p
An Efficient Visual-Based Method for Classifying Instrumental Audio using Deep Learning (2019)

In this paper, an efficient method for classifying and identifying instrumental audio is proposed via utilizing a deep learning image classification algorithm. The method of classification will involve analyzing the visual equivalent of an audio sample with a neural network to identify the generating musical instrument. Audio samples are converted into a logarithmic spectrogram format, which allows visual classifiers to attempt the identification of the audio source. The primary focus is on developing an efficient method for analyzing audio spectrograms using various forms of neural networks and analysis techniques. The use of deep learning convolutional neural networks in analyzing visually formatted audio data provides an enhanced classification method over traditional schemes. A classification accuracy of 73.7% was achieved with a limited data set and minimal manipulation of network architecture.
Shaped Charge Jet Flash Radiograph Digitization (2005)

The flash radiograph digitization of shaped charge jets provides warhead designers with the data required for empirically based models, as well as the jet characterization used for comparison with high rate continuum modeling. Reduced digitization results include jet tip velocity, jet accumulated length, accumulated mass, accumulated energy, break up time, maximum and average jet diameters, and the ductility factor (0). This Computer program provides a systematic method of characterizing a shaped charge warhead by means of quantifying the shaped charge jet parameters. The break up time, for instance, shows when the shaped charge jet particulates. This parameter is essential for shaped charge performance, because it relates to how deep the penetration is, since the penetration is decreased significantly once the jet particulates. The Q ductility factor is another example of the characterization of the jet. In general, the higher the number Q (more ductile), more penetration is expected. The accumulated mass and break up time from the digitization computations can be used in penetration simulation prediction.
Gluon shadowing and hadron production at RHIC (2002)

Hadron multiplicity in the central rapidity region of high-energy heavy-ion collisions is investigated within a two-component mini-jet model which consists of soft and semi-hard particle production. The hard contribution from mini-jets is reevaluated using the latest parameterization of parton distributions and nuclear shadowing. The energy dependence of the experimental data from RHIC requires a strong nuclear shadowing of the gluon distribution in this model. The centrality dependence of the hadron multiplicity at s=130 GeV is reproduced well with the impact-parameter dependent parton shadowing. However, energy variation of the centrality dependence is needed to distinguish different particle production mechanisms such as the parton saturation model.