gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
Selective and Responsive Nanopore-Filled Membranes (2011)

Abstract : The overall goal of this project is to develop a new class of breathable barrier membrane (i.e., selective for water vapor over harmful agents) with stimuli-responsive capabilities and the mechanical strength required for protective clothing for chemical and biological defense. These new materials are based on polymer-polymer nanocomposites of hydrophilic ionic polymer gels within a hydrophobic polymer host matrix. The specific tasks of this project include (1) synthesizing stimuli-responsive selective membranes based on polymer-polymer nanocomposites, (2) measuring transport properties: breathable barrier selectivity and electrical stimuli-responsive capabilities, and (3) measuring and modeling multicomponent transport properties and materials optimization. This work focuses on two new membrane concepts: (1) Nanopore-Filled Membranes and (2) Encapsulated Nanofiber Mesh Membranes. The goals of this project were accomplished, where the details of these results are documented in the annual reports and attached manuscripts. A recent result from this work of interest is the fabrication and super conducting properties of Nafion nanofibers, which was recently published in a high-impact journal Nano Letters. In this paper, we reported the high proton conductivity of single high purity Nafion nanofiber (1.5 S/cm), which is an order of magnitude higher than the bulk Nafion film (~ 0.1 S/cm). We also observed a nanosize effect, where proton conductivity increases sharply with decreasing fiber diameter. X-ray scattering provides a rationale for these findings, where an oriented ionic morphology was observed in the nanofiber in contrast to the isotropic morphology in the bulk film. This work also demonstrates the successful fabrication of high purity Nafion nanofibers (~ 99.9 wt%) via electrospinning and higher humidity sensitivity for nanofibers compared to the bulk.
Immunity to Feline Toxoplasmosis: Modification by Administration of Corticosteroids (1974)

Forty-nine cats were infected orally or parenterally with Toxoplasma gondii. The duration of oocyst shedding after primary infection was similar after single or multiple infection. After 2–32 weeks, cats were challenged orally with toxoplasma cysts, measuring immunity by the degree of suppression of oocyst shedding. None of the 15 cats previously infected with toxoplasma as adults excreted oocysts after challenge; however, eight of 17 first infected as weaned kittens and nine of 11 first infected as suckling kittens excreted oocysts. The stage of toxoplasma inoculated, route of inoculation, and the height of antibody titers did not appear to correlate either with immunity or the lack thereof; however, after challenge, cats excreted fewer toxoplasma oocysts, and for shorter periods, than during primary infection. Of cats infected with T. gondii, Isospora felis and I. rivolta and later challenged with all three coccidia simultaneously, more cats reexcreted I. felis and I. rivolta oocysts than T. gondii oocysts. Effects of hypercorticism on immunity were studied in 29 cats. Oocysts were re-shed by 11 of 21 toxoplasma-infected cats injected with 10–80 mg/kg body weight/week of methyl prednisolone acetate, and by five of eight cats fed prednisone, 10–80 mg/kg body weight/day. Most of the cats died; active toxoplasmic lesions were found in 24 of 29 cats, with pneumonia in 15, hepatitis in 14, pancreatic necrosis in nine, myocarditis in seven, intestinal myositis in eight, and small foci of encephalitis in 11 cats.
Light Field Morphing Using 2D Features (2004)

We present a 2D feature-based technique for morphing 3D objects represented by light fields. Existing light field morphing methods require the user to specify corresponding 3D feature elements to guide morph computation. Since slight errors in 3D specification can lead to significant morphing artifacts, we propose a scheme based on 2D feature elements that is less sensitive to imprecise marking of features. First, 2D features are specified by the user in a number of key views in the source and target light fields. Then the two light fields are warped view by view as guided by the corresponding 2D features. Finally, the two warped light fields are blended together to yield the desired light field morph. Two key issues in light field morphing are feature specification and warping of light field rays. For feature specification, we introduce a user interface for delineating 2D features in key views of a light field, which are automatically interpolated to other views. For ray warping, we describe a 2D technique that accounts for visibility changes and present a comparison to the ideal morphing of light fields. Light field morphing based on 2D features makes it simple to incorporate previous image morphing techniques such as nonuniform blending, as well as to morph between an image and a light field.
Perceptual Characterization and Analysis of Aroma Mixtures Using Gas Chromatography Recomposition-Olfactometry (2012)

This paper describes the design of a new instrumental technique, Gas Chromatography Recomposition-Olfactometry (GC-R), that adapts the reconstitution technique used in flavor chemistry studies by extracting volatiles from a sample by headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME), separating the extract on a capillary GC column, and recombining individual compounds selectively as they elute off of the column into a mixture for sensory analysis (Figure 1). Using the chromatogram of a mixture as a map, the GC-R instrument allows the operator to "cut apart" and recombine the components of the mixture at will, selecting compounds, peaks, or sections based on retention time to include or exclude in a reconstitution for sensory analysis. Selective recombination is accomplished with the installation of a Deans Switch directly in-line with the column, which directs compounds either to waste or to a cryotrap at the operator's discretion. This enables the creation of, for example, aroma reconstitutions incorporating all of the volatiles in a sample, including instrumentally undetectable compounds as well those present at concentrations below sensory thresholds, thus correcting for the "reconstitution discrepancy" sometimes noted in flavor chemistry studies. Using only flowering lavender (Lavandula angustifola 'Hidcote Blue') as a source for volatiles, we used the instrument to build mixtures of subsets of lavender volatiles in-instrument and characterized their aroma qualities with a sensory panel. We showed evidence of additive, masking, and synergistic effects in these mixtures and of "lavender' aroma character as an emergent property of specific mixtures. This was accomplished without the need for chemical standards, reductive aroma models, or calculation of Odor Activity Values, and is broadly applicable to any aroma or flavor.
In-service monitoring of steam pipe systems at high temperatures (2010)

An effective in-service health monitoring system is needed for steam pipes to track through their wall the condensation of water in real-time at high temperatures. The system is required to measure the height of the condensed water inside the pipe while operating at temperatures that are as high as 250°C. The system needs to be able to make time measurements while accounting for the effects of water flow and cavitation. For this purpose, ultrasonic waves were used to perform data acquisition of reflected signals in pulse-echo and via autocorrelation the data was processed to determine the water height. Transmitting and receiving the waves is done by piezoelectric transducers. There are transducers with Curie temperatures that are significantly higher than the required for this task offering the potential to sustain the conditions of the pipe over extended operation periods. This paper reports the progress of the current feasibility study that is intended to establish the foundations for such health monitoring systems.
The Chemical Logging of Drilling Fluids (1995)

Summary A new method of measuring the concentration of ions in water-based mud filtrates is described. The method, based on ion chromatography (IC), provides a tool to monitor changes in the composition of both major ions (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulfate, and carbonate) and environmentally sensitive ions (e.g., chromium and mercury) in mud filtrate during drilling. Changes in filtrate composition are caused by mud treatment and/or mud/rock interactions; chemical logs can be used to discriminate broad lithological changes. The mud-filtrate composition is modeled with a computer-based equilibrium model. The chemical-logging method has been applied to two case studies, one of which involved operation of equipment at the rigsite. The method can be used to monitor the composition of ions not currently analyzed by the widely accepted American Petroleum Inst. (API) Standard 13B-1 procedures.
Unusual Entropy of Adsorbed Methane on Zeolite-Templated Carbon (2015)

Methane adsorption at high pressures and across a wide range of temperatures was investigated on the surface of three porous carbon adsorbents with complementary structural properties. The measured adsorption equilibria were analyzed using a method that can accurately account for nonideal fluid properties and distinguish between absolute and excess quantities of adsorption, and that also allows the direct calculation of the thermodynamic potentials relevant to adsorption. On zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC), a material that exhibits extremely high surface area with optimal pore size and homogeneous structure, methane adsorption occurs with unusual thermodynamic properties that are greatly beneficial for deliverable gas storage: an enthalpy of adsorption that increases with site occupancy, and an unusually low entropy of the adsorbed phase. The origin of these properties is elucidated by comparison of the experimental results with a statistical mechanical model. The results indicate that temperature-dependent clustering (i.e., reduced configurations) of the adsorbed phase due to enhanced lateral interactions can account for the peculiarities of methane adsorbed on ZTC.
<title>Perceptually adapted MPEG video encoding</title> (2000)

In picture quality assessment, the amount of distortion perceived by a human observer differs from one region to another according to its particular local content. This subjective perception can be explained/predicted by considering some simple psychovisual properties (masking) of the Human Visual System (HVS). We have implemented a HVS model based on a pyramid decomposition for extracting the spatial frequencies, associated with a multi-resolution motion representation. Then the visibility of the decoded errors is computed by exploiting the Kelly's contrast sensitivity spatio-velocity model. The resulting data is called a 'Quality-map.' Special attention has been paid to temporal/moving effects since, in the case of video sequences, motion strongly influences the subjective quality assessment. The quality of the motion information is thus preponderant. In the second part, two possible uses of these psychovisual properties for improving MPEG video encoding performances are depicted: (1) The pre-processing of the pictures to remove non-visible information using a motion adapted filtering. This process is efficient in term of bits saved and degradation is not significant especially on consumer electronic TV sets. (2) A perceptual quantizer based on a local adaptation scheme in order to obtain Quality-maps as uniform as possible (homogeneous perceived distortion), at constant bit-rate. Further improvements have been considered, especially when the viewer is tracking a moving object in the scene.
Cannabidiol – an Innovative Strategy for Graft Versus Host Disease Prevention – an Update of a Phase I/II Study (2014)

Cannabidiol (CBD), a safe and non-psychotropic ingredient of marijuana, has been shown to exhibit potent immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory properties in animal models of various inflammatory diseases. We have recently presented data suggesting that the combination of CBD with standard GVHD prophylaxis is a safe and promising strategy to reduce the incidence of GVHD. We herein update the data in a larger cohort, analyzing both short and long term transplantation outcomes.
Spectrum-Imaging Detector Array With Integrated Filter (1992)

Proposed rectangular array of photodetectors in imaging spectrometer includes integral filter deposited directly on imaging array which would not become misaligned or misregistered as result of mechanical shock, vibration, or differential thermal expansion. Need for precise alignment and registration of filter cannot be over-emphasized.
Mutagenesis at a Highly Conserved Tyrosine in Monoamine Oxidase B Affects FAD Incorporation and Catalytic Activity (1995)

Monoamine oxidase B (MAO B), an integral protein of the outer mitochondrial membrane, catalyzes the oxidative deamination of various neuroactive and vasoactive amines. A covalently bound FAD cofactor at Cys-397 of human MAO B is required for the oxidation of the amine substrates. In addition to the covalent binding site, MAO B also contains a noncovalent FAD binding region (residues 6-34) known as the dinucleotide binding motif. Previously, we have shown that Glu-34 is required for catalytic activity, presumably by forming a hydrogen bond between the carboxylate group of glutamate and the 2'-hydroxyl group of ribose in the AMP moiety of FAD. In this work, we have identified a third FAD binding site in MAO B (residues 39-46) by sequence comparisons to other flavoenzymes. The conserved sequence contains a tyrosine residue (Tyr-44) which, based on the X-ray crystal structure of ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase, is postulated to participate in FAD binding through van der Waals contact with the isoalloxazine ring and a hydrogen bond to the 3'-hydroxy of the ribityl moiety. To test the postulated role of this tyrosine residue, site-directed mutants that encode substitutions at Tyr-44 were prepared and expressed in mammalian COS-7 cells. Variant MAO B enzymes were then characterized with respect to enzymatic activity and [14C]FAD incorporation. Substitution of tyrosine with phenylalanine had no effect on MAO B activity or the level of [14C]FAD incorporation compared to the wild-type enzyme, indicating that the hydroxyl group of the tyrosine residue was not essential at residue 44.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
TOTAPOL: A Biradical Polarizing Agent for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Experiments in Aqueous Media (2006)

In a previous publication, we described the use of biradicals, in that case two TEMPO molecules tethered by an ethylene glycol chain of variable length, as polarizing agents for microwave driven dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments. The use of biradicals in place of monomeric paramagnetic centers such as TEMPO yields enhancements that are a factor of approximately 4 larger (epsilon approximately 175 at 5 T and 90 K) and concurrently the concentration of the polarizing agent is a factor of 4 smaller (10 mM electron spins), reducing the residual electron nuclear dipole broadening. In this paper we describe the synthesis and characterization by EPR and DNP/NMR of an improved polarizing agent 1-(TEMPO-4-oxy)-3-(TEMPO-4-amino)propan-2-ol (TOTAPOL). Under the same experimental conditions and using 2.5 mm magic angle rotors, this new biradical yields larger enhancements (epsilon approximately 290) at lower concentrations (6 mM electron spins) and has the additional important property that it is compatible with experiments in aqueous media, including salt solutions commonly used in the study of proteins and nucleic acids.
Non-unitary probabilistic quantum computing (2004)

We present a method for designing quantum circuits that perform non-unitary quantum computations on n-qubit states probabilistically, and give analytic expressions for the probability and fidelity. Our scheme works by embedding the desired non-unitary operator within an anti-block-diagonal (n+1)-qubit Hamiltonian, H, which induces a unitary operator Ω = exp(ieH), with e a constant. By using Ω acting on the original state augmented with an ancilla prepared in the |1> state, we can obtain the desired non-unitary transformation whenever the ancilla is found to be |0>. Our scheme has the advantage that a failure result, i.e., finding the ancilla to be |1> rather than |0>, perturbs the remaining n-qubit state very little. As a result we can repeatedly re-evolve and measure the sequence of failed states until we find the ancilla in the |0> state, i.e., detect the success condition. We describe an application of our scheme to probabilistic state synthesis.
Effects of ferulic acid treatment on growth and flavor development of cultured<i>vanilla planifolia</i>cells (1988)

Abstract Vanilla planifolia callus was maintained in the dark on a modified Murashige and Skoog medium at 26°C. Ferulic acid, a probable precursor of vanillin the dominant flavor component of vanilla extract, was topically applied to V. planifolia callus. Callus treated with ferulic acid experienced immediate fluid uptake followed by a delayed and reduced growth response. Over the 28 day period, vanillin concentration in untreated callus increased by a factor of 1.2, and vanillin concentration increased 1.7‐fold after application of a 1 mM ferulic acid solution. The addition of 10 mM ferulic acid decreased vanillin production.
Practical solutions to the design of current-driven synchronous rectifier with energy recovery from current sensing (2003)

A current-driven synchronous rectifier with current sensing energy recovery has been proved to be suitable for almost all high frequency switching topologies. The synchronous rectifier can be driven on and off automatically according to the current direction. In fact it can be taken as an active diode with very low power dissipation. Some theoretical analysis and experimental results have been shown in the previous work. This paper presents an extended analysis to some practical considerations when applying this current-driven synchronous rectifier in switching power converter design.
Cloning of a leucine-zipper protein recognized by the sera of patients with antibody-associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. (1991)

Antibody-associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (the Yo syndrome) is an uncommon disorder in which an immune response is specifically directed against tumor tissue and the cerebellum. Screening of a lambda expression library has resulted in the isolation of cDNA clones that encode the major antigen recognized by serum from these patients. The fusion protein produced by the cDNA clones provides the basis of a simple diagnostic assay for this neurological syndrome. The occurrence of leucine-zipper and zinc-finger motifs in the predicted open reading frame suggests that this protein plays a role in the regulation of gene expression.
The Wearable Motherboard: a flexible information infrastructure or sensate liner for medical applications. (1999)

Research on the design and development of a Sensate Liner for Combat Casualty Care has led to the realization of the world's first Wearable Motherboard or an "intelligent" garment for the 21st Century. This Georgia Tech Wearable Motherboard (GTWM) provides an extremely versatile framework for the incorporation of sensing, monitoring and information processing devices. The principal advantage of GTWM is that it provides, for the first time, a very systematic way of monitoring the vital signs of humans in an unobtrusive manner. Appropriate sensors have been "plugged" into this motherboard using the developed Interconnection Technology and attached to any part of the individual being monitored, thereby creating a flexible wearable monitoring device. The flexible data bus integrated into the structure transmits the information to monitoring devices such as an EKG Machine, a temperature recorder, a voice recorder, etc. The bus also serves to transmit information to the sensors (and hence, the wearer) from external sources, thus making GTWM a valuable information infrastructure. GTWM is lightweight and can be worn easily by anyone--from infants to senior citizens. GTWM has enormous potential for applications in fields such as telemedicine, monitoring of patients in post-operative recovery, the prevention of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome), and monitoring of astronauts, athletes, law enforcement personnel and combat soldiers.
Detecting highlights in sports videos: Cricket as a test case (2011)

In this paper, we propose a novel approach for detecting highlights in sports videos. The videos are temporally decomposed into a series of events based on an unsupervised event discovery and detection framework. The framework solely depends on easy-to-extract low-level visual features such as color histogram (CH) or histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), which can potentially be generalized to different sports. The unigram and bigram statistics of the detected events are then used to provide a compact representation of the video. The effectiveness of the proposed representation is demonstrated on cricket video classification: Highlight vs. Non-Highlight for individual video clips (7000 training and 7000 test instances). We achieve a low equal error rate of 12.1% using event statistics based on CH and HOG features.
Nerve‐specific, xenogeneic extracellular matrix hydrogel promotes recovery following peripheral nerve injury (2017)

Peripheral nerve possesses the inherent ability to regrow and recover following injury. However, nerve regeneration is often slow and incomplete due to limitations associated with the local microenvironment during the repair process. Manipulation of the local microenvironment at the site of nerve repair, therefore, represents a significant opportunity for improvement in downstream outcomes. Macrophages and Schwann cells play a key role in the orchestration of early events after peripheral nerve injury. We describe the production, characterization, and use of an injectable, peripheral nerve-specific extracellular matrix-based hydrogel (PNSECM) for promoting modulation of the local macrophage and Schwann cell responses at the site of nerve repair in a rodent model of sciatic nerve injury. We show that PNSECM hydrogels largely maintain the matrix structure associated with normal native peripheral nerve tissue. PNSECM hydrogels were also found to promote increased macrophage invasion, higher percentages of M2 macrophages and enhanced Schwann cell migration when used as a lumen filler in a rodent model of nerve gap repair using an inert nerve guidance conduit. These results suggest that an injectable PNSECM hydrogel can provide a supportive, bioactive scaffold which promotes repair of peripheral nerve in vivo. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 450-459, 2018.
Electrodeposition of High Quality Nickel Phosphorous Alloys for Pollution Reduction and Energy Conservation (2003)

NASA and the University of Alabama in Huntsville have developed ecologically friendly, versatile nickel and nickel cobalt phosphorous electroplating processes. Solutions show excellent performance with high efficiency for vastly extended throughput. Properties include, clean, low temperature operation (40 - 60 C), high Faradaic efficiency, low stress and high hardness. A variety of alloy and plating speed options are easily achieved from the same chemistry using soluble anodes for metal replacement with only 25% of the phosphorous additions required for electroless nickel. Thick deposits are easily achieved unattended, for electroforming freestanding shapes without buildup of excess orthophosphate or stripping of equipment.