gebhart/patrepeval huggingface dataset:
[No age dependence of biochemical parameters in pregnancy]. (1986)

The parameters AFP, progesterone, HPL, estriol, SP1 and beta-HCG were evaluated in the sera of 994 pregnant women. The women were in the 5th to 25th weeks of pregnancy. Evaluation was carried out by means of radioimmunoassay and radial immunodiffusion. In collecting the data, we wished to determine whether there was a relationship between the age of the pregnant woman and the changes in parameter values during the course of the pregnancy. With the exception of beta-HCG concentrations, no age dependency was observed. However, the beta-HCG/age interrelationship was minor and without practical consequence.
Hepatitis B viral load and risk for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in The Gambia, West Africa (2009)

The main objectives of this study were to define the occurrence and levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in asymptomatic HBV carriers, cirrhosis patients and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases from The Gambia, and to evaluate the risk for cirrhosis or HCC associated with HBV viremia. We used sensitive real-time quantitative PCR assays to measure HBV DNA in samples from a case-control study consisting of 60 asymptomatic HBV carriers, 53 cirrhotic patients and 129 HCC cases. Logistic regression was used to estimate the risks of cirrhosis and HCC associated with HBV-DNA levels and HBV e antigenemia (HBeAg) detection (a surrogate marker for viral replication). Detectable HBV viremia and HBeAg positivity were both significantly associated with cirrhosis (increasing risk by fourfold and 11-fold respectively) and with HCC (increasing risk by sixfold and threefold respectively). HBV-DNA levels were significantly higher in both HCC cases and cirrhotic patients compared to asymptomatic carriers (P < 0.01 for both). High-level HBV DNA (>10,000 copies/mL) was strongly associated with both HCC and cirrhosis (17- and 39-fold increased risk). Lower level HBV viremia (200-10,000 copies/mL) conferred a significant risk of HCC, although the association with cirrhosis was not significant. In conclusion, we find that high HBV-DNA levels are strongly associated with the serious sequelae of HBV infection, independent of HBeAg status. While risk for cirrhosis and for HCC notably increases at HBV-DNA levels >or=10,000 copies/mL, low-level viremia was also associated with significant risk for HCC.
Probabilistic object tracking using a range camera (2013)

We address the problem of tracking the 6-DoF pose of an object while it is being manipulated by a human or a robot. We use a dynamic Bayesian network to perform inference and compute a posterior distribution over the current object pose. Depending on whether a robot or a human manipulates the object, we employ a process model with or without knowledge of control inputs. Observations are obtained from a range camera. As opposed to previous object tracking methods, we explicitly model self-occlusions and occlusions from the environment, e.g, the human or robotic hand. This leads to a strongly non-linear observation model and additional dependencies in the Bayesian network. We employ a Rao-Blackwellised particle filter to compute an estimate of the object pose at every time step. In a set of experiments, we demonstrate the ability of our method to accurately and robustly track the object pose in real-time while it is being manipulated by a human or a robot.
Generation of Helper Plasmids Encoding Mutant Adeno-associated Virus Type 2 Capsid Proteins with Increased Resistance against Proteasomal Degradation. (2013)

PCR-based, single-step site-directed mutagenesis of circular DNA templates is a highly efficient and cost-effective method to generate AAV2 vector helper plasmids encoding mutant Cap proteins for the production of vector particles with increased gene transfer efficiency.
The Use of Social Networking Sites in the Restaurant Industry: Best Practices (2012)

Social media and the use of social networking sites are defined as Internet applications that help consumers share opinions, insights, experiences, and perspectives (Kaplan & Haenlein, 2009 Kaplan, A. and Haenlein, M. 2009. The fairyland of Second Life: Virtual social worlds and how to use them. Business Horizons, 52(6): 563–572. [Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). The current study analyzes data relevant to the use of social media sites with the largest chain restaurants in the U.S. and the managers' perceptions of the usefulness of such sites for their organization. The current research shows there are no consistent social networking sites restaurant chains use, there are no consistent uses for these sites, and managers have differing opinions about their overall usefulness in restaurant operations and marketing. One consistent theme is that social networking sites are useful for advertising and marketing a restaurant brand at an inexpensive cost to the restaurant. Managerial implications are discussed, current best practices are shared, and future research recommendations are made to further explore social networking in the restaurant industry.
Succinate Dehydrogenase: An Ideal Target for Fungicide Discovery (2015)

The mitochondrial respiratory complex II or succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), an essential component of cellular respiratory chain and tricarboxylic acid (or Krebs) cycle, is an ideal target for fungicide development. SDH inhibitors (SDHIs) displayed a broad-spectrum activity against various fungal species. Over the last two decades, great achievements have been made in revealing the function and structure of complex II. Currently, 18 SDHIs have been developed as agricultural fungicides. Although SDHIs as agricultural fungicides have been applied for near fifty years, in order to prevent or delay the onset of resistance to SDHIs, we continue to uncover exciting future prospects for novel fungicides targeting SDH. In this review, we have summarized the structures of complex II of different species, the interactions between complex II and inhibitors, the progress of SDHIs discovery and the resistance to SDHI fungicides.
Blind separation of linear mixtures of digital signals using successive interference cancellation iterative least squares (1999)

We consider blind separation of linear mixtures of digital communication signals in noise. When little or nothing can be assumed about the mixing matrix, signal separation may be achieved by exploiting structural properties of the transmitted signals. ILSP and ILSE are two iterative least squares (ILS) separation algorithms that exploit the finite-alphabet property. ILSE is monotonically convergent and performs very well, but its complexity is exponential in the number of signals; ILSP is computationally cheaper, but is not guaranteed to converge monotonically, and leaves much to be desired in terms of BER-SNR performance relative to ILSE. We propose two computationally efficient and provably monotonically convergent ILS blind separation algorithms based on an optimal scaling Lemma. The signal estimation step of both algorithms is reminiscent of successive interference cancellation (SIC) ideas. For well-conditioned data and moderate SNR, the proposed algorithms attain the performance of ILSE at the complexity cost of ILSP.
Functional Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation of the Vestibular System. (1995)

Abstract : The research described in this report is being conducted to support the development of a new technology. This technology builds on prior research and existing technology in which humans and machines work synergistically to control self motion in situations that are demanding because of limitations to sensory or motor systems. Significant improvement in the simulation of self motion could be made if there were a means to control independently the stimulation of the vestibular system. A related need in the domain of sensory prosthetics is for a device that could enhance or restore vestibular function as a conventional hearing aid restores auditory function. Such a vestibular prosthesis could have a significant impact on the lives of people with balance disorders. We chose to develop the technology for transcutaneous electrical stimulation because of its potential for independently controlling stimulation of inner-ear structures (EVS) and because of the existence of supporting technology and research. We replicated the results of other investigators in that we have produced sensations of self motion and manipulated them with EVS. The central issues involved in the development and use of EVS in aerospace and prosthetic applications are discussed in this report.
Dependence of GaN polarity on the parameters of the buffer layer grown by molecular beam epitaxy (2001)

The polarity of GaN films grown using GaN and AlN buffer layers on sapphire substrates by molecular beam epitaxy were investigated by atomic force microscopy, hot wet chemical etching, and reflection high-energy electron diffraction. We found that the GaN films grown on high temperature AlN (&gt;890 °C) and GaN (770–900 °C) buffer layers invariably show Ga and N polarity, respectively. However, the films grown using low temperature (∼500 °C) buffer layers, either GaN or AlN, could have either Ga or N polarity, depending on the growth rate of the buffer layer.
Physical layer network coding with multiple untrusted relays for physical layer security (2014)

We proposed the physical layer security (PLS) under the untrusted relay in the wireless communication with the physical layer network coding (PLNC). In PLNC, the two information source accesses the relay station, simultaneously and thus it is difficult for the relay station to demodulate each signal due to the masking-effect from the other signal. As a result, the leakage of information to the untrusted relay is avoidable. The transmit power control (TPC) for the balancing between the two received signal powers is powerful. The secure capacity is enlarged but has not been optimized for maximizing the secure capacity. In this paper, the quasi-optimization of TPC for enlarging secure capacity is derived in the wireless communication with the untrusted relay and PLNC.
A Comprehensive Strategy to Discover Inhibitors of the Translesion Synthesis DNA Polymerase κ (2012)

Human DNA polymerase kappa (pol κ) is a translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerase that catalyzes TLS past various minor groove lesions including N(2)-dG linked acrolein- and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-derived adducts, as well as N(2)-dG DNA-DNA interstrand cross-links introduced by the chemotherapeutic agent mitomycin C. It also processes ultraviolet light-induced DNA lesions. Since pol κ TLS activity can reduce the cellular toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents and since gliomas overexpress pol κ, small molecule library screens targeting pol κ were conducted to initiate the first step in the development of new adjunct cancer therapeutics. A high-throughput, fluorescence-based DNA strand displacement assay was utilized to screen ∼16,000 bioactive compounds, and the 60 top hits were validated by primer extension assays using non-damaged DNAs. Candesartan cilexetil, manoalide, and MK-886 were selected as proof-of-principle compounds and further characterized for their specificity toward pol κ by primer extension assays using DNAs containing a site-specific acrolein-derived, ring-opened reduced form of γ-HOPdG. Furthermore, candesartan cilexetil could enhance ultraviolet light-induced cytotoxicity in xeroderma pigmentosum variant cells, suggesting its inhibitory effect against intracellular pol κ. In summary, this investigation represents the first high-throughput screening designed to identify inhibitors of pol κ, with the characterization of biochemical and biologically relevant endpoints as a consequence of pol κ inhibition. These approaches lay the foundation for the future discovery of compounds that can be applied to combination chemotherapy.
Queering urban space through informal recreation: The experiences of a queer, predominantly Asian volleyball community in New York City (2022)

This study explores the process of queering public leisure spaces through the intentional use of ‘pop-up’ informal volleyball play. Specifically, this study employed qualitative semi-structured interviews and participant observations to interrogate the ways in which a community of queer, predominantly Asian ‘volleyballers’ engage in the animation of public spaces through volleyball and associated activities. The meanings behind such actions are also explored. Specific attention is paid to the role of informal volleyball gatherings during social distancing measures resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and the ways in which volleyball is used to challenge homophobia, transphobia, racism, xenophobia, and the sharp rise in anti-Asian violence. Findings contribute to understanding the role of informal leisure and pop-up spaces in queer lives and placemaking, highlighting the particular importance of this placemaking for queer Asian individuals and communities.
Scientific Workflow Development Using Both Visual and Script-Based Representation (2010)

In this paper we propose to achieve a semantic equivalence between a visual- and a script-based workflow development paradigm. We accomplish this by building a script language which execution semantics matches an existing sophisticated, data-parallel scientific workflow language and its underlying GUI-based core workflow enactor. It facilitates multiple representations of a scientific workflow while preserving the execution semantics and enactment engine. This development caters to the need of users with different levels of expertise within a single workflow platform. A two-ways representation translator makes it possible to convert any source workflow into its semantically equivalent counter-part, and therefore use a single enactor independently of the user's preferred representation.
On-line dead-time compensation method using disturbance observer (2003)

A new on-line dead-time compensation method for a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motor drive is proposed. Using a simple disturbance observer without any additional circuit and off-line experimental measurement, disturbance voltages in the rotor reference dq frame caused by the dead time and nonideal switching characteristics of power devices are estimated in an on-line manner and fed to voltage references in order to compensate the dead-time effects. The proposed method is applied to a PM synchronous motor drive system and implemented by using software of a digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320C31. Simulations and experiments are carried out for this system and the results well demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
[Antibacterial mechanism of chitosan]. (2008)

In this study, we found that many metal ions could affect the antibacterial activity of chitosan, such as K+, Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+. High concentration (about 0.5%) of metal ions could make chitosan completely lose its antibacterial activity, except for the effect of Na+ on the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. We also found that chitosan could weaken the barrier function of the outer membrane of different microorganisms. Large amount of K+ and ATP leakages were observed during exposure of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans to chitosan. Both 50kDa chitosan and 5kDa chitosan had good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, but the 50kDa chitosan could make nearly two to four times amount of K+ and ATP leakages than the 5kDa chitosan. There might have been different antibacterial mechanisms of high-molecular-weight and low-molecular-weight chitosan.
The Superalloys (2006)

Superalloys are unique high-temperature materials used in gas turbine engines, which display excellent resistance to mechanical and chemical degradation. This book presents the underlying metallurgical principles which have guided their development and practical aspects of component design and fabrication from an engineering standpoint. The topics of alloy design, process development, component engineering, lifetime estimation and materials behaviour are described, with emphasis on critical components such as turbine blading and discs. The first introductory text on this class of materials, it will provide a strong grounding for those studying physical metallurgy at the advanced level, as well as practising engineers. Included at the end of each chapter are exercises designed to test the reader's understanding of the underlying principles presented. Solutions for instructors and additional resources are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521859042.
Model Selection Techniques: An Overview (2018)

In the era of big data, analysts usually explore various statistical models or machine-learning methods for observed data to facilitate scientific discoveries or gain predictive power. Whatever data and fitting procedures are employed, a crucial step is to select the most appropriate model or method from a set of candidates. Model selection is a key ingredient in data analysis for reliable and reproducible statistical inference or prediction, and thus it is central to scientific studies in such fields as ecology, economics, engineering, finance, political science, biology, and epidemiology. There has been a long history of model selection techniques that arise from researches in statistics, information theory, and signal processing. A considerable number of methods has been proposed, following different philosophies and exhibiting varying performances. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of them, in terms of their motivation, large sample performance, and applicability. We provide integrated and practically relevant discussions on theoretical properties of state-of-the-art model selection approaches. We also share our thoughts on some controversial views on the practice of model selection.
AWearableWireless Sensor Platform for Interactive Dance Performances (2006)

This paper reports on recent development of a wearable wireless sensor platform for interactive dance performances. At a fraction of a cubic-centimeter in volume, this platform is truly wearable and scalable informing wireless networks. Integrated with a wide variety of different sensing devices, it is a real-time monitoring system for activities and physical conditions of the human body. The effectiveness of this platform is demonstrated with an interactive dance performance.
Evaluation of an automatic threshold based detector of waveform limits in Holter ECG with the QT database (2002)

The authors evaluate a single-lead threshold based ECG wave boundaries detector with a QT database developed for validation purposes. They also identify its different sources of error distinguishing those that come from precision errors in boundary location from those that come from morphology misclassification. They obtain 71 % of records with correct morphology identification of T wave and variance in boundary location within manual referees variance. The remaining records analyzed correspond to signals with poor SNR at the T wave, or morphology discrepancies between algorithm and experts.
β-AgAl<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>Ga<sub><i>x</i></sub>O<sub>2</sub> Solid-Solution Photocatalysts: Continuous Modulation of Electronic Structure toward High-Performance Visible-Light Photoactivity (2011)

A series of β-AgAl(1-x)Ga(x)O(2) solid-solution materials were explored as novel visible-light-sensitive photocatalysts. These Ag-based solid solutions crystallize in a homogeneous crystal structure with orthorhombic symmetry but possess continuously modulated band gaps from 2.19 to 2.83 eV by decreasing the ratios of Ga/Al. Their photoactivities for iso-propanol degradation were found to be dependent on the variation of chemical compositions. Among them, the β-AgAl(0.6)Ga(0.4)O(2) sample showed the highest photocatalytic performance, which simultaneously exhibited 35 and 63 times higher activities than two terminus materials, β-AgAlO(2) and β-AgGaO(2), respectively. The apparent quantum efficiency of this sample for iso-propanol photodegradation achieved up to 37.3% at the wavelength of 425 ± 12 nm. The theoretical calculation based on density functional theory demonstrated that the levels of valence band maximum of β-AgAl(1-x)Ga(x)O(2) are similar, but the levels of conduction band minimum are gradually negatively shifted with the increase of the ratio of Ga/Al, thereby continuously narrowing the band gap. Nevertheless, the highest activity observed on β-AgAl(0.6)Ga(0.4)O(2) may be attributed to its optimized band structure, which adapts the balance between effective visible-light absorption and adequate redox potentials.
Research on Automatically Building Tibetan Folk Culture Ontology Library for Sino-Tibetan Machine Translation (2013)

In order to achieve the Sino-Tibetan machine translation system, the key problem is the automatic construction of the domain ontology. We use a combination of concept hierarchy theory and KDD (knowledge discovery in databases) technology to automatically build domain ontology. For building domain ontology, we should first extract information and build model of information in this field to create the initial concepts for ontology. We will automatically build Tibetan folk culture ontology library. In it, we will collect more than 100 kinds of Tibetan folk culture characteristics and find the relationship between them. Then we will establish their concept of a hierarchical tree, and finally achieve the expansion of the ontology knowledge through KDD technology for Sino-Tibetan Machine translation.
Band Structures of Periodic Porphyrin Nanostructures (2018)

Recent progress in the synthesis of π-conjugated porphyrin arrays of different shapes and dimensionalities motivates us to examine the band structures of infinite (periodic) porphyrin nanostructures. We use screened hybrid density functional theory simulations and Wannier function interpolation to obtain accurate band structures of linear chains, 2D nanosheets, and nanotubes made of zinc porphyrins. Porphyrin units are connected by butadiyne (C4) or ethyne (C2) linkers or “fused” (C0), i.e., with no linker. The electronic properties exhibit strong variations with the number of linking carbon atoms (C0/C2/C4). For example, all C0 nanostructures exhibit gapless or metallic band structures, whereas band gaps open for the C2 or C4 structures. The reciprocal space point at which the gaps are observed also show fluctuations with the length of the linkers. We discuss the evolution of the electronic structure of finite porphyrin tubes made of a few stacked six-porphyrin rings toward the behavior of the infinite nanotube. Our results suggest approaches for engineering porphyrin-based nanostructures to achieve target electronic properties.
Inhalation of nanoparticle-based drug for lung cancer treatment: Advantages and challenges (2015)

Ever since the success of developing inhalable insulin, drug delivery via pulmonary administration has become an attractive route to treat chronic diseases. Pulmonary delivery system for nanotechnology is a relatively new concept especially when applicable to lung cancer therapy. Nano-based systems such as liposome, polymeric nanoparticles or micelles are strategically designed to enhance the therapeutic index of anti-cancer drugs through improvement of their bioavailability, stability and residency at targeted lung regions. Along with these benefits, nano-based systems also provide additional diagnostic advantages during lung cancer treatment, including imaging, screening and drug tracking. Nevertheless, delivery of nano-based drugs via pulmonary administration for lung cancer therapy is still in its infancy and numerous challenges are expected. Pharmacology, immunology, toxicology and large-scale manufacturing (stability and activity of drugs) are some aspects in nanotechnology that should be taken into consideration for the development of inhalable nano-based chemotherapeutic drugs. This review will focus on the current inhalable nano-based drugs for lung cancer treatment.